V '
-- L ' y's*~
WALKER AND WEBSTER
COMBINED IN
A DICTIONARY
OF
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE;
IN WHICH
THE DEFINITIONS OF WEBSTKR.
AND THE PRONUNCIATION OF WALKER
ARE UNITED AND BROUGHT INTO CONFORMITY TO THE USAGE OF THE I'KL^ENT TIME.
WITH AN APPENDIX,
ooHXAizmra
WALKER'S KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION <F SCRIPTURE, GREEK, AND LAT.
NAMES, AND A VOCABULARY OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES, &c.
BY JOHN LOXGMUIR, A.M., LL.D.,
EDITOR OF " WALKER'S RHYMING DICTIONARY," ETC.
LONDON: WILLIAM TEGG & CO.,
PAJSCRAS LANE, CHEAPSIDE.
1877.
; ur.KT.
PEEFACE,
IST7
THIS Dictionary, although founded on that of Dr. Webster, is not to be regarded as a
mere reprint of any of the abridgments of the labours of that eminent lexicographer ;
for the Editor has not only rendered the work of another more accessible to the general
public, but has also carefully brought it into conformity to the prevailing usage of the
present day, and endeavoured to improve it in its various departments.
I. The Vocabulary has been pruned of numerous scientific terms that never occur in
general literature, and that will be found more appropriately defined in scientific
treatises ; and of antique words that are seldom employed in modern composition, and
that will generally be found explained in glossaries affixed to the works in which they
are used. Many words of both classes, however, that are of frequent occurrence, have
been carefully retained, and not a few of recent introduction will be found in our pages.
II. "With respect to the Definitions, Webster's Dictionary has deservedly taken a high
place in the public estimation, and it has accordingly been generally, although not
slavishly, followed, as the Editor's professional knowledge enabled him, in a careful
revision, to add to the clearness of many of the definitions ; and, in the case of the
objects of natural history, to add a brief description, or to point out an analogy to some
other object that might be better known. The most important words have not only
been defined, but an attempt has also been made, although necessarily on a limited
scale, to exhibit their meaning with greater precision in sentences or clauses.
III. To words thus defined, numerous Synonymous terms have been added a con-
spicuous feature in Dr. "Webster's Dictionary but not generally found in similar works
of this size. After a clear definition of a word has been given, others that resemble it
in general signification are presented to the student, who may thus vary and enrich his
diction, and render his composition more agreeable and expressive.
IV. The Discrimination of synonymous words has been carefully made in about
eighteen hundred instances. This feature was first introduced into a general Dictionary
by Barclay, and discriminations of this kind in many instances were felicitously accom-
plished by Webster ; the same plan was still farther carried out by Goodrich, who availed
himself of the valuable work of Crabb ; and, while the fruit of their labours has
enriched our pages, we have endeavoured to render them still more valuable. " One
great object," says Professor Goodrich, " of these discriminations, besides affording aid
in the exact use of terms, has been to awaken in young writers a desire for making similar
distinctions themselves. Nothing could be more useful as a discipline of their mental
powers, nothing more adapted to fix indelibly in their minds the true meaning of the
terms they use, than to take up an exercise of this kind in a systematic manner and on
a broad scale. To aid in this, a list is given of nearly all the words here discriminated.
Let the teacher select a series of exercises for a class of advanced pupils let those who
are engaged in self-culture do it for themselves ; and let the rule be, that the young
writer shall first endeavour to distinguish for himself between the words selected; that
-4- -824
iv PREFACE,
be then turn to the discriminations here made, and bring them to the test of his own
observation ; and that he close by framing short sentences, in which the words discri-
minated are each of them used in their peculiar and appropriate sense. * The great
source of a loose style/ says Dr. Blair, ' is the injudicious use of synonymous terms ;' the
great remedy lies in such a course of exercises as is here proposed." In making these
discriminations we have in several instances pointed out the difference of usage in
Britain and America. Instances will occur under the respective vocables, and others
of a similar nature will be found by examining the List of Synonymous Words.
V. Great care has been bestowed on the subject of Pronunciation. In this department
Walker has cKefly been followed ; but those changes that have taken place since his
time have been pointed out, and further reference has been made to them in our
Introduction. In cases of considerable difference, the preference has been given to that
sanctioned by the most recent orthoepists ; and, in some cases, in which decision was
difficult, the different methods have been given, with the authority for each mode of
pronunciation.
VI. What has been stated with regard to Orthoepy is true also in respect to Ortho-
graphy. The spelling of the English language is far more unsettled and anomalous than
those who have not investigated the subject can possibly be aware. Worcester has
given a vocabulary of upwards of fifteen hundred words that are either of doubtful or
various orthography ; and states that in some cases the one orthography is nearly, or
quite, as well authorised as the other. A few remarks on this subject will be found in
another page, and, as there stated, the orthography of the present day has been
exhibited in these pages, and variations, when important, have been carefully indicated.
Dr. Webster endeavoured to carry out the acknowledged analogies of language ; but in
this country the changes suggested have not been adopted by our principal writers.
VII. The Appendix contains,
1. WALKER'S KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION OF CLASSICAL AND SCRIPTURE PROPER
NAMES, with the improvements of subsequent writers on these subjects.
2. A VOCABULARY OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL PROPER NAMES, founded on Baldwdn's
Pronouncing Gazetteer, whose editor was Dr. Joseph Thomas, and will be of immense
service to the student of Geography, or reader of History and Travels.
3. TABLES of the ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
4. A COLLECTION OF LATIN, FRENCH, AND ITALIAN WORDS AND PHRASES of frequent
occurrence, with their translations.
5. A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE PRINCIPAL DEITIES AND HEROES OF ANTIQUITY, which
will prove serviceable to readers of Ancient History and Heathen Mythology.
6. A SECOND APPENDIX of useful information to the Student of English.
The Editor confidently trusts that this Dictionary presents, in a convenient form, an
amount of information that will essentially aid the student of English literature, and
materially assist the reader of Ancient History or Modern Travels. The preparation of
the work has occupied a length of time of which the Editor had formed no conception
when he undertook it ; and, when the amount of labour which it involves is estimated,
and the minute manipulation required on the part of the printer is considered, it is
hoped that indulgence will be extended to any error of judgment, or slip of inadvertency
that may be discovered ; for, while " every other aut"Y>r may aspire to praise, the
exicographer can only hope to escape reproach."
CONTENTS.
Page,
KEY TO PRONUNCIATION vi
REMARKS ON THE KEY vii
VOWELS vii
Accented Syllables vii
DIPHTHONGS x
Unaccented Syllables x
Silent Vowels x
CONSONANTS xi
ACCENT xiii
Divided Usage xiii
Dissyllables xiii
Trisyllables and Polysyllables xiv
ORTHOGRAPHY , xv
Remarks on Orthography XT
SYNONYMOUS WORDS DISCRIMINATED xvi
KEY TO PRONUNCIATION xxiv
DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.,. . , , , , . . 1
APPENDIX.
PRONUNCIATION OF GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES, 533
Remarks on Pronunciation 533
VOCABULARY OF GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES 534
PRONUNCIATION OF SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES 564
Remarks 564
VOCABULARY OF SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES 564
PRONUNCIATION OF MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 577
Pronunciation of the principal Continental European Languages 577
Explanation of the Abbreviations and Signs used to indicate the Pronunciation, &c 578
Additional Observations 579
MODERN GEOGPAPHICAL NAMES 580
PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE LATIN 602
WORDS AXD PHRASES FROM THE FRENCH, ITALIAN, &c 608
ABBREVIATIONS IN WRITING AND PRINTING 611
A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, &c 6 14
LIST OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS ORTHOGRAPHY , 621
LIST OF WORDS WITH THE PROPER PREPOSITION ANNEXED 633
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THB ENGLISH LANGUAGE 636
A. CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES 644
KEY
TO THE SOUNDS OF THE POINTED LETTERS.
VOWELS.
REGULAR LONG AND SHORT SOUNDS.
LONG A a, as in fame; E 5 as in mete; I I, as in fine; 6, as in note; OO [Ger. Ul, as in moon
U u, as in mute ; Y J, as in fly.
SHORT A a, as in fat; E 6, as in met; 1 1, as in fin; 3, as in not; 00 99 (short oo), as in foot; 0, as
inlut; tjf, as in any.
REGULAR DIPHTHONGAL SOUNDS.
PKOPEB DIPHTHONG OI or OT (unmarked), as in toil, join, foil, boy, coy, toy.
PROPER DIPHTHONG OW (unmarked), as in now, plow. When irregular, the sound is marked, as in
tow, sow.
PROPER DIPHTHONG OU (unmarked), as in pound. When irregular, the word is re-spelled, as in route
(root).
IMPROPER DIPHTHONGS. In these, the vowel which is sounded is marked, as in aim, dean, ceil, pSople
(but this is unnecessary in respect to ee, as in feel) . Often they are re-spelled. So also of triph-
thongs.
OCCASIONAL VOWEL SOUNDS.
Examples.
A as in care AIR, SHARE, PAIR, BEAR.
A Italian FATHER, FAR, BALM, PATH.
A as in last ASK, GRASS, DANCE, BRANCH.
A as in att CALL, TALK, HAUL, SWARM.
A as in what WAN, WANTON, WALLOW.
like A THRE, HEIR, WHRE, ERE.
as in term VERGE, VERDURE, PREFER.
I like long e PIQUE, MACHINE, MIEN.
1 as in bird FIRM, VIRGIN, D!RT.
Examples.
O like short DOVE, s6N, D^NE, WORM.
O like long oo PROVE, DO, MOVE, TOMB.
Q like short oo W9LF, W9LSET.
00 (short oo) FOOT, B99K, W09I., WQOD.
Cr long, preceded by r...RuoE, RUMOUR, RURAL.
U like 99 (short oo] BULL, PUT, PUSH, FJJLL.
E (italic), marks a) ^ ATTrv m/y^
letter as silent / FALLEN, TOKEN.
CONSONANTS.
Examples.
C c soft (unmarked), like sTiarp-CEDE, MERCY.
-c hard, like fc ALL, CARRY.
CH ch (unmarked), like ish CHILD, CHOOSE.
CH Ch soft, like s?i MACHINE, CHAISE.
Hh hard, like k HORUS, EPO^H.
G g hard (unmarked) Go, GALLANT.
O g soft, likej GENTLE, AGED.
8 8 sharp (unmarked) SAME, GAS.
8 s soft, like t HAS, AMUSE.
Example*.
TH th sharp (unmarked) THING, PATH.
Til th .flat or ocal , THINE, THEIR.
K likeng LONG G ER, CONGRESS.
PHlikef (unmarked) PHAETON, SYLPH.
QU like fcic (unmarked) QUEEN, INQUIRY.
WH like 7nc (unmarked) WHEN, WHILE.
%* The double accent ["], in such words as ti"a'otw
fictitious, &c., shows that tie subsequent c or I
has the sound of sh.
PBINGIPLES OF PRONUNCIATION,
EEMAEKS ON THE KEY.
VOWELS.
ACCENTED SYLLABLES.
1. Every accented syllable has its vowels marked
with the pointed letters of the Key. These will
now be considered under three heads, viz., their
long, their s?wrt, and their occasional sounds.
LETTER A.
2. The regular long or name sound, marked A a,
as in day, aim, &c. ; heard also in pain, break, veil,
inveigh, whey, &c.
NOTE. This vowel is in most cases diphthongal,
having a slight " vanish" in e annexed to its radi-
cal or initial sound, as in pay, where the y repre-
sents the vanish, as if printed pae.
3. The regular short sound, marked A a, as in
at, carry, tariff; heard also in fat, bade, raillery,
&c.
NOTE. This is a distinct element from the long
a. Its regular sound is so exceedingly short and
close, that, perhaps, in no language but our own is
there that complete shutting or stoppage of the sound
at the moment of its utterance, which it repre-
sents.
OCCASIONAL SOUNDS OP A.
4. The sound of a before r in such words as
care, fair, parent, marked A a. The letter e has the
same sound in a few words, such as ihere, ichere,
their, heir, &c.
Two errors in opposite extremes are here to be
avoided : (1.) That of the vulgar, who pronounce
careful, car'ful, &c. ; (2.) That of some among the
educated classes in the provinces, who pronounce
pair, parent, &c., as if spelt pay'er, pay'-rent, &c.
Some have considered the a in care as a distinct
element, corresponding substantially to the e grare
of the French. This correspondence is maintained
by the French orthoepists, who say that our word
mare has the same sound (except that we do not
roll the r) with their word mere . our word pair with
their word pere ; our word share with their word
chere, &c., the sound of a in care, pair, &c., is rather
more open than that of e grave in the mouth of a
Parisian.
Smart, however, does not admit the sound in
question t^. be a distinct element; he maintains
that it is truly our long a in. fame, and owes all its
peculiarity to- the subsequent r. The sound of r in
these words is what he calls a " guttural vibration"
(see J 69) a sound which he represents by ur, and
Ur. Webster by er, In care we touch lightly on the
a sound (the radical alone without the "vanish "
see 2) and then pass fully and strongly into the
guttural vibration (caur or caer), drawing the two
as closely as possible into the same syllable-so
closely that the r actually blends with the previous
vowel. In like manner, parent is sounded pdur'ent
Mrt; and fairy has the sound of la'er-y, as
the word was actually spelt by Spenser in the title
i? y F ^ erv Queen." It is important, however,
not to dwell so long on the a as to produce the
peculiarity of pay'rent, mentioned above. The true
sound arising from the combination of the two is
(in consequence of the opening power of the r) a
decidedly open or broad one.* Smart refers also
with approbation to another mode of identifying
the sound in question, viz., that of prolonging our
short e before r. Thus, ther (with the e as in then),
drav?n out into long quantity, gives us there : and
er (the first syllable in e)Tor> gives us ere or e'er
(are), as heard in whene'er. Here, again, the cau-
tion will bear to be repeated, not to dwell too long
on the slender sound of the vowel.t "When, there-
fore, the long sound of a occurs before r, it appears
to drop the terminal e and to retain only its radical
sound ; hence, in the opinion of several orthoepists,
has arisen the necessity for using a distinctive
mark for this a in such a position : in this work it
has accordingly been marked a. Should any one
fail, however, to perceive the difference between the
sound of a in pain, and that of the same letter in
pare, he may regard them as identical, in conformity
with the usage of most orthoepists.
5. The sound of the Italian a, marked A a, as in
ah, far, father; heard also in heart, hearth, aunt,
haunch, path, psalm, are, and gape though the
last word is now extensively pronounced gape, and
is so marked by Smart and other recent lexicogra-
phers.
* Many accurate speakers pronounce the a in
parent with rather more slenderness of sound than
in pair, while they carefully avoid the extreme of
pay-rent. So also in transparent, and some other
words.
t Many pronounce there, &c., with a sound rather
more slender than they give to pair, being the sanio
sound with that of parent, mentioned in the preced-
ing note.
viii
REMARKS ON THE KEY.
6. The Bound of o in certain words (chiefly
monosyllables) ending in fi,ft, ss, st, sk, sp, with a
few in nee and nt, marked A a, as in stiff, graft,
pass, last, ask, gasp, chance, chant, &c.
NOTE. Down to the clos? of the last century,
words of this class were universally pronounced
with the full Italian a. Some gave this too broadly
or with a kind of drawl, so that Walker, having a
prejudice against intermediate sounds, marked all
such words in his dictionary with the sound of
short a, giving past the sound of pat, staff of Staffa
(the island), &c. Jones, however, declared it to be
" a mincing affectation ; and Mitford said, " No
English tongue fails to express, no English ear to
perceive, the difference between the sound of a in
passing and iu passive. No colloquial familiarity
will substitute the one for the other." Still, the
high character of Walker, and the increasing dis-
like for everything like a drawl in speaking, gave
currency to the change. It prevailed in London,
until there sprang up on both sides of the Atlantic
what Smart has called a "new school" and an " old
school" on this subject. The extreme shortness of
the a, as marked by Walker, was still objected to ;
and Smart, in the first edition of his dictionary,
published in 1836, censured Walker on this account,
saying, "He allows no compromise between the
broad Italian a, with which a vulgar mouth pro-
nounces ass, and the sound narrower, (if possible)
than the a in at, with which an affected speaker
minces the same word." He, therefore, spoke of a
"medium sound" of the a in words of this class,
on the a in such words as Idst, pdst, fast, &c. Cus-
tom, however, is considerably changed and Walker's
extreme short sound of staff, like Staffa, and of
pass, like passive, is now generally adopted as the
proper sound.
Still there is a disposition among literary men,
aad public speakers to unite on some intermediate
sound between the entire broadness of the a in fa-
ther, and the narrowness of the a in /at. Fulton
and Knight introduced into their dictionary a
shortened sound of the Italian a. They give the
word "lard" as an example of the long Italian
sound (as in father, &c.), and "last" of their short
Italian sound ; and mark with the latter the entire
class of words now under consideration, such as
staff, graft, pass, last, osfc, gasp, and a few words in
nee and nt, as dance and cheat. In this way they
guard against that undue prolongation of the a
which offended Walker, and still retain in use one
of the finest sounds of our language. This is the
sound recommended in this work and marked A a.
Some might possibly prefer one a little less open,
verging slightly more toward that of a in an ; and
there is certainly room here for a diversity of taste
and practice among those who agree in the main
point of rejecting the extreme shortness of Walker's
sound.
7. The sound of broad o, marked A a, as in awe,
call ; heard also it naught, taught, groat, Ac. "
NOTE. This has sometimes been called the Ger-
man a, but is a broader sound, and is formed at a
lower point toward the root of the tongue. It has
a number of shorter sounds differing from it, not in
quality, but in quantity, which will be mentioned
in subsequent sections.
8. The short sound of broad a, marked A a, as
in what, wallow, wash, Arc.
NOTE. This is the short sound of broad a, and coin-
cides with the o in not. There is an intermediate
sound of this a, as heard in salt, although, &c., which
Is neither so long as that in awe, nor so short as that
in ithat, coinciding with the sound of o in nor. No
distinctive mark is necessary to indicate this
sound.
I II.E. Words beginning in alt, like alternate,
&c., have the a short if derived from the Latin
alter, as alternate, altercation, &c. ; otherwise they
have the a broad, as in altar, alteration, 4c.
LETTER E.
10. The regular long or name sound, marked
6, as in mS, scheme, &c, ; heard also in beard, field,
leisure, &c.
11. The regular short sound, marked 5, as in
met, m6rry ; heard also in feather, heifer, leopard,
&c.
NOTE, This is not a short sound of the long e.
Some have considered it as the shut or short sound
of the a in fame ; but others regard it as a distinct
elementary sound.
OCCASIONAL SOUNDS OF E.
12. The sound of e like a (as in care, fair, bear,
&c ), marked 6, as in there, their, heir, where,
fere, e'er, whene'er, Ac. This, as stated in 4, is the
same sound with that of a in care.
NOTE When there is an adverb of place, it
should take this sound fully and distinctly, as " I
shall be there" (there). When it serves merely to
introduce a verb or sentence, it should be uttered
lightly, with the sound of ther (see 13), as, " There
(ther) is no difficulty in the case."
In like manner, their when emphatic, should take
the full sound, as, " Their (their) interests, and not
yours, are to be consulted." When unemphatic,
their should take the lighter sound, as, " They will
not neglect their (ther) interests."
13. The sound of short e before r, verging to-
ward short u, marked e, as in her, term, verge,
prefer.
NOTE. The case here contemplated is that of er
at the end of a word (as in her, defer"), or followed
by some other consonant besides r (as in term,
nerve, mercy, maternal).
Uncultivated speakers give the e in such words
the full sound of short u, as murcy, for mercy, turm,
for term, &c. In a correct pronunciation, the or-
gans are placed in a position for forming the short
e, and then open instantly (as the sound begins to
form) into the short u, thus making (as Smart ob-
serves) " a compromise between the two."
LETTEE I.
14. The regular long or name sound, marked 1 i,
as in pine, Isle; heard also in height, aisle, ob-
lige, microscope.
15. The regular short sound, marked 1 1, as in
pin, pit ; heard also in sieve, srace, been (bin), Ac.
NOTE. This is not a short sound of long i. Many
have considered it as the shut or short sound of
long e, but it is a distinct element, as may be per-
ceived in the difference between heels and hills.
OCCASIONAL SOUNDS OF I.
16. The sound of i like that of long , marked
I !, as in marine, mien, machine, Ac.
NOTE. This is appropriately the sound of the
French t, and most words which take it in English
have been introduced from that language.
17. The sound of short i before r, verging to-
ward short u, marked I i, as in bird, virgin, Ac.
NOTE. J, in this case, is sounded by uncultivated
speakers like short u, as vurgin for virgin. It ought
to commence with a very slight sound of short e,
and then pass into that of short u. The observa-
tions made under 13 as to short e in words like
term, &c., apply to this sound of i.
LETTEE O.
j 18. The regular long or name sound, marked
o, as in 6h, no, dome : heard also in roam, course,
yeoman, roll, port, door, Ac.
EEMARKS ON THE KEY.
NOTE. This sound of o is diphthongal, having a
Blight " vanish" in oo annexed to the radical or ini-
tial sound, as in below, where the w represents the
"vanish." This vanish is omitted in unaccented
syllables, as o-pin'ion, to-bac'co, Stc. t but ought not to
It omitted elsewhere.
19. Our long o in such words as bolt, colt, dolt,
revolt, revolter, &c., is not quite so much protracted
(owing to the effect of the t) as in hold, bold, be-
hold, &c., but the vanish ought not to be omitted the
true sound of the o should be preserved. This
omission is characteristic of the provinces, but is
entirely opposed to English practice. Few sounds
will more readily strike a provincial than that of
o in boot, as pronounced by a London waterman.
There is a like error, very prevalent in the pro-
vinces, in respect to the following words, viz. :
Home, hope, coach, coat, smoke, spoke, broke, stone,
bone, road, whole, wholly, and perhaps some others.
The o in these words is sounded without the vanish.
All such words should have the full sound of the o
as heard in accented syllables, though not in all
cases with quite the same prolongation of the sound.
But the full o of dome should be given to home ; of
slope to hope; of poach to coach; of boat to coat; of
yoke to spofce, cloak, smoke, and broke; of hone to bone
and stone. Hole and whole are identical in sound.
As to holy and wholly, the vowel and middle conso-
nant are more prolonged in the first than in the
second.
20. The regular short sound, marked o, as in
not, b5nd; heard also in cSral, Corinth, tSrrent,
orifice, &c.
NOTE. This is the shut or short sound of broad a,
and coincides with the a in iu7iat. There is a me-
dium sound of this letter, as heard in nor, which is
neither so short as in not, nor so long as in naught.
This medium sound is usually given to the short o
when directly followed by ss, st, and th, as in cross,
cost, broth; also in gone, cough, trough, and some
other words. To give the short sound to such
words is affectation ; to give them the full sound of
broad o is vulgar.
OCCASIONAL SOUNDS OF O.
21. The sound of o like short u, marked 6, as
in dove, 16ve ; heard also in does (duz), dCne (dun),
none (nun), nothing (iiuthing).
NOTE. The words combat and comrade are marked
with this sound by many orthoepists, but there is
equal or greater authority for the regular sound,
combat and comrade. The o in soi - ereig?i had orig-
inally this sound, but has in England, for the last
twenty years, been gradually passing into the short
o (sovereign), until this is now the prevailing
sound;
22. The sound of o like oo long, marked o, as
move, lose, who, to, &c.
23. The sound of o like oo short, marked Q 9, as
in wolf, "Wolsey, &c.
NOTE. This sound coincides with that of u in
bull, which is also used for oo short (see 30).
LETTERS OO (German U).
24. The regular long or open sound, represented
by oo unmarked, as in moon, tool, moot, &c.
NOTE. This sound, though represented by a
double O, is regarded by all orthoepists as a dis-
tinct vowel sound. It is the same element with
che u of the Germans and Italians, and coincides
with the French ou in route.
25. The regvilar short sound of oo, marked 90 as
in fo<?t, bgok, wyol, could, &c.
NOTE. This sound is the one represented by u,
as in full, lull, &c. (see 30).
26. The following words, root, roof, rood, broom,
and soon, have properly the long sound of oo as in
moon (see 24), but many pronounce them with the
short sound, as given in 25. The quality of the
sound, however, in soon, should be the same as iu
moon, though the vowel is hardly so much pro-
longed in quantity, except in dignified discourse.
LETTER U.
27. The regular long or name sound, marked C u,
as in unite, cube, mute, &c. ; heard also in feud,
juice, beauty (buty), &c.
NOTE. This is a diphthongal sound, composed of
the vowel oo, with a slight sound of the consonant
y before it. When the u begins a syllable, this
sound of y is clearly perceptible, as in the word
unite, very obviously sounded yoonite. When the
u is preceded by a consonant, the y has a less defi-
nite sound; but in most cases it may be clearly,
though but slightly, perceived, as in mute, cube,
&c.
28. When the long u is preceded by the conso-
nants d, t, I, n, and s, it is peculiarly difficult to in-
troduce the sound of y, arid hence negligent speak-
ers omit it entirely, pronouncing duty, dooty; tune,
toon ; lute, loot ; nuisance, noosance ; suit, soot, &c.
The reason is, that in forming those consonants the
organs are in a position to pass with perfect ease to
the sound of oo, while it is difficult in doing so to
touch the intermediate y; hence the y in such cases
is very apt to be dropped. Here arises one of the
nicest points in our pronunciation, viz., to introduce
the y, and yet avoid giving it too much breadth o/sou?id.
To say tube (tyoob), lucid (lyoocid), with the u as
perfect (i. e., with as full a sound of the y) as in
cube, cubic, mute, &c., is laboriously pedantic. The
practice of good society is barely to insert the y in
the lightest possible manner; thus we avoid the
two extremes of overdoing on the one hand, by
making too much of the y, and of wholly omitting
it on the other.
It ought to be added that in such words as sure,
&c., the y is always omitted, i. ., wherever the
sound of sh precedes the u, as in sure, sounded
shoor, sugar, shoogar, &c.
29. The regular short sound, marked tT u, as in
tub, sun, does (duz), blood (blud), &c.
NOTE. This is not the short sound of long u. It
is a distinct element, and is formed furthest back
in the throat of all the vowels ; hence, unless well
pronounced, it has an obtuse guttural sound.
OCCASIONAL SOUNDS OF U.
30. The sound of u like that of short oo (99),
marked U u, as in full, pull, bull, put, &c.
NOTE. Our long u, in unaccented syllables, has,
to a great extent, this sound (99) preceded by y, as
in educate, pronounced ed'y99-cate, &c. Hence, in
respelling such syllables, the rharacter u is employ-
ed in this work, as in nature, respelt nat'yur ; for-
tune, respelt fort'y u n, &c.
31. The sound of long u (u), when preceded by r
in the same syllable, marked U u, as in rude, ruby,
rural, &c.
NOTE. All English orthoepists are agreed that
the long u in this case drops its y, and becomes
simply oo, so that rue is pronounced roo ; rule, rool ;
ruby, rooby, &c.
LETTER Y.
32. The regular long or name sound, marked Y
y, as iu ply, defy, <tc.
NOTE. The word my, when used without em-
phasis, takes its regidar short sound, as, " I took
down my hat." Thib sound, however, should not
be given in serious or solemn discourse, nor should
the y ever be turned into long , as " I took doini
mee hat."
REMARKS ON THE KEY.
33. The regular short sound, marked t" y, as in
tyranny, &c.
NOTE. Y has only one occasional sound, viz., in
such words as myrrh, in which it has, like the e and
i in similar circumstances (see 13 and 17), very
nearly the sound of short u. This is here indicated
by respelling.
KEGTTLAR OR PROPER DIPHTHONGS.
31. OI or OY, as heard in join, boy, &c. These
require no distinctive mark, having the same sound
in all but four words, Shamois (shammy), choir
(quire), tortoise (tortiz), turquois (sometimes pro
nounced turkeez).
35. OW, as heard in cow, brown, flower, &c.
NOTE. In a few words ow has the sound of long
6. These are accordingly distinguished by the
proper mark, as in blow, slow, know, &c.
36. OIL This diphthong has two principal
sounds :
(1.) That of ow in words derived from the Saxon,
as in pound, round, &c.
(2.) That of oo in words derived from the French,
as in soup, group, &c.
NOTE. The word route, being directly from the
French, has more commonly the French sound
(root), while rout has the Saxon sound in ou?. The
word wound, which, from its Saxon origin, ought to
have the sound of ow, has, to a great extent, taken
the French sound (woond), notwithstanding the re-
monstrances of Walker and other orthoepists
against the irregularity.
37. The diphthong on has also, in a few cases, the
sound of the broad a, as in bought (bawt) ; some-
times that of the short tt, as in adjourn (adjurn),
and of QO (like w<?od) in the words could, would,
should. These peculiarities are indicated in this
Dictionary by respelling.
UNACCENTED SYLLABLES.
38. When unaccented syllables end in a conso-
nant, their vowel, if single, has its regular short
sound, as in cis-sign', con'duct, con'jllct, &c. But
some words from the classics have the vowel long,
as cantharides, and are so marked.
39. When the unaccented syllable does not end
in a consonant, two cases arise, viz. :
(1.) The syllable may end in a vowel, as in the
words di-rect', de-mur', do-main', &c.
(2.) The syllable may end in a consonant, with
final e mute at the close of words, as in ul'ti-mate,
fi'nite, rep'tiZe, &c.
The former of these will, for the sake of brevity,
be called No. 1, and the latter No. 2. These will
now be considered under each of the vowels.
LETTER A.
40. No. 1. Here the final a has usually the shut
sound of the Italian a, as in Cu'ba, o-muse', A-mer'-
i-ca, &c. But in some words, like a-e'ri-al, cha-ot'ic,
&c., the a has the long, slender sound, on account
of the subsequent vowel.
41. No. 2. Here the a has sometimes its long or
slender sound, particularly in verbs ending in ate,
such as ded'i-cate, ed'u-cate, &c. In other parts of
speech the sound of the o is more obscure, verging
toward short e, as in ul'ti-mute, night'in-gale, &c.
In some instances it verges toward short or t, as
in village.
LETTER E.
42. No. 1. Here the final o has its long or open
sound, slightly obscure or abridged, as in -vent,'
mo'tion, so-ci'e-ty, &c.
43, No. 2. Here also the e has usually its open
sound a little shortened and obscured, as in ob'so-
lete, &c. In some instances it verges toward short
o, as in college.
LETTER I.
There is great diversity in the case of this letter.
Hence it is difficult to lay down general rules ; and
Smart remarks, " The inquirer must be sent to the
Dictionary to learn, in each particular case, the
true pronunciation."
44. No. 1. I, when final, has more commonly its
short sound, as in phi-los'o-phy, di'rect, &c. But
the i is usually long in the case of initial syllables
commencing in i. In, c7ii, cli, cri, pri, tri, as in I-de'a,
bl-ol'o-gy, crl-te'ri-on, prl-me'val, &c.
45. No. 2. In these terminations usagft is
greatly divided. On the whole, the i is more gene-
rally short, as in in'fi-nlte, fer'tile, ad-a-man'tme,
&c. ; but there are some important exceptions, as
ex'ile, gen'tile, con'cu-bme, ste'a-tlte, &c. Here the
Dictionary must be consulted for the several
words.
LETTER 0.
46. No. 1. Here the final o has usually its long
sound slightly abbreviated, and usually without its
" vanish" (see 18), as in o-pin'ion, mot'to, to-bac'co,
&c.
47. No. 2. The o in these terminations has usu-
ally its regular long sound, as in tel'e-scope, ep'ode,
&c. Sometimes the o verges toward short o, as in
di'a-logue, or toward short u, as in pur'pose.
LETTER U.
48. No. 1. Here the final has its long- sound
slightly abridged, as in ed'u-cate, mon'u-ment, &c.
Hence these words are are thus respelt, ed'y u-cate,
mon'yn-ment. But when the u is preceded by r, as
n erudition, it drops the y sound, and is pronounced
ero9--di'tion.
49. No. 2. The u in these terminations should
retain its regular long or open sound slightly
abridged, as in gratitude, institute, literature, &c.
3are should be taken never to change these in-
;o mere oo, as gratitood for gratitude, iustitoot for
institute.
In some cases the u is more shortened, as, for ex-
ample, in nature, lecture, feature, &c. The mode of
respelling words under this section is the same as
.n the preceding one, nature being respelt nat'yur,
ecture, iect-yur, &c.
Three cautions are under this head requisite. (1.)
Never sink the u into the sound of the short u, mak-
ing nature, natur, &c. (2.) Never change the letter
t into ch f giving nature the sound of nasTiure or
nac7ioor. (3.) Never insert a j after d, giving edu-
cate the sound of edjucate, &c. The last two pecu-
iarities, though sanctioned by Walker, are now con-
demned by most orthoepists. Knowles speaks of
it as an "absolute vulgarity and absurdity" thus
to distort words like educate, &c., from the simplicity
of their spelling, by inserting consonant sounds
which are entirely out of place.
LETTER Y.
50. No. 1. Here y final has usually its short
sound, as in hy-poc'ri-sy, my-thol'o-gy, &c. ; but
final syllables in fy and ply have the y long, as in
us'ti-fy, mul'ti-ply, &c.
51. No. 2. The y in these terminations (which
are few in number) is long, as in ne'o-phyte, pros'e-
.yte, &c.
REMARKS ON THE KEY.
SILENT VOWELS.
52. Vowels wMch are printed in italics are not
to be sounded, as the e in used, burden, &c. Some
of these cases require a more particular considera-
tion.
EN with E silent.
53. Most words ending in en, drop the e, as often
(off'n), heaven (heav'n), heathen (heath'n) even (ev'n),
&c. One of the most prevalent errors of the pre-
sent day, especially among our clergy (for the laity
have fallen into it much less) is that of pronounc-
ing the word even (evn) evun ; heaven (heavn)
heavun or heaven; heathen (heathn) heathen or
heathun; often (off' u) often, &c. Walker remarks
with great keenness on this error, declaring it to be
a " puerile and false pronunciation." The following
are the only words in which thfe e should be sound-
ed: Eden, aspen, chicken, hyphen, kitchen, jerken,
mitten, patte?i, platen, sudden, and sloven. The e is
also sounded when preceded by the liquids I, m, n,
as in woollen; &c., though /alien, stolen, and sicollen
omit the e.
ON with O silent.
5 54. Many words ending in on preceded by c, cfe,
t, &c., omit the e, as in reckon (reck'n), bacon (bak'n),
mutton (mut'u), &c.
ET> with E silent.
55 The termination ed is usually shortened (by
dropping the e) in the preterite of verbs, and in
participles in ed, when the e is not preceded by d or
t; as in loved (lov'd), proved (prov'd), &c. When d
or t precede the e, as in amended contented, such an
omission is impossible. There are, however, a few
participial adjectives in which the e is commonly
sounded, namely, learned, blessed, cursed, sti^ed,
streaked, aged, &c. We do not, therefore, speak of a
learn'd man, but of a learned man.
Terminations in EL.
56 As a general rule, the e is sounded in these
terminations, as in gravel, level, novel, vessel, cha-
pel, &c. To omit the e in such cases, pronouncing
chapel chap'l, novel nov'l, &c., is generally regarded
as a vulgarism. The following are nearly all the
words of this kind in which the e is properly omit-
ted, viz., drivel, grovel, navel, ravel, rivel, shekel,
shovel, snivel, shrivel, weasel, chattel, mantel, and,
according to some, though not many ortlioepists
model.
CONSONANTS.
57. A part of the consonants, viz., b; d, /, j, Te, I,
m, p, and iu, have one uniform sound, and therefore
need no comment in this place. The following con-
sonants however require to be considered; and some
additional observations will be found in connection
with the respective letters in the Dictionary.
58. C unmarked has the sound of s, as in cede,
cinder, ceil, &c.
59. C marked thus -G, -e, has the sound of fc, as
in cape, cope, cup, &c.
NOTE. C (like s and t) takes the sound of sh when
immediately preceded by the accent, and followed
by ea, ia, io, or eous, as in ocean, social, Phocion, sa-
ponaceous.
C has also the sound of z in sacrifice, suffice, and
discern, with their derivatives.
CH.
60. Ch unmarked (English ch) has very nearly
the sound of ts7i, as in chair, child, choose, &c.
NOTE. Walker and others mark the ch, when
preceded by I or n, with the sound of simple sh, re-
spelling filch, filsh, Welch, Welsh, bench, bens7i, &c.
while Knowles, Smart, and other orthoepists give
ch the same sound that it has in rich.
61. Ch marked thus, CH, ch (French c7i) has
the sound of sh, as in chagrin, chaise, machine, &c.
NOTE. Most words of this kind are derived from
the French. Hence the word chivalry, being from
that language, ought regularly to be pronounced
s?iivalry, and not tcMvalry, and is so marked by able
orthoepists.
62. Ch marked thus, -GH, -eh in words derived
from the ancient languages, has the sound of fc, as
in chasm, c7iaracter, &c. Ch is always hard (like k)
before I and r, as in chlorine, chrism, Christian.
NOTE. When arch, denoting chief, begins a word
derived from the Greek, and is followed by a vowel,
it is pronounced writ, as archangel, archetype, &c. ;
but when arcTi is prefixed to an English word, it
has the English sound of ch, as in archbishop, arcfr-
dufce, &c
G.
63. G unmarked has the hard sound of that
letter in the word go, as in gave, give, gun, &c.
NOTE. In such words as longer, stro?iger, &c.,
the g performs a double office : it unites with the
preceding n to form the sound of ng, and is again
repeated in the subsequent syllable thus long'ger,
stronger, &c. To indicate this fact, the character
N G is used in the former syllable. There is another
class of words, like sing'er, in which the g does not
thus pass into the subsequent syllable.
In the digraph Gh, at the beginning of words, the h
is silent, as in ghost ; at the end of words, both letters
are commonly silent, as in high, nigh, &c. ; in some
words, however, it has the sound of /, as in rough,,
laugh ; while ough, at the end of words, has 110
fewer than seven different sounds, which have been
ingeniously combined in the following lines :
" 'Tis not an easy task to show
How ough sound ; since though,
An Irish lough, and English slough,
And cough and 7iiccoug7i, all allow,
Differ as much as tough and through ;
Yet none can tell us why they do."
In gTit as a termination, gh are always silent ; as,
fight, right, &c. ; except draught, which is pronoun-
ed, and, in certain senses, written draft.
$ 64. G marked thus, G g (g soft), has the sound
of j, as in gender, general, gaol, &c.
xii
KEMAEKS ON THE KEY.
65. This letter is a simple breathing or aspira-
tion, and it is silent at the beginning of many words,
as heir, heiress, herb, herbage, honest, honour, honour-
able, hour, with their derivatives. The h is also
marked as silent by most orthoepists in hospital, hu-
mour, and humble, with their derivatives. But
there is an increasing tendency to sound the h in
these words. It is always silent after r, as rheum.
N, NG, and NK.
66. The letter n has a slightly nasal sound ; ng
and nfc are decidedly nasal. The latter are simple
elementary sounds, and are not (as might be sup-
posed) a compound sound made up of the letter n
in conjunction with g and fe. In forming ng the
nostrils are not completely closed, but so much so as
to produce a marked vibration, which may be con-
tinued to any length, as in sing, bring, &c. In
forming nk, the nostrils are entirely closed after
the first vibration, not allowing the vibration (as in
ng) to be further prolonged, as in sinfc, thinfc. It is
therefore undesirable to respell such words as sinfc,
brinfc, &c., by the use of ng, as they are not so pro-
nounced ; for no one sounds sinfc like sing with a 7c
following, thus sing-fc.
PH.
67. This digraph has usually the sound of /, as
in phrase, physic, philter, &c. In Stephen it has the
sound of v; and, according to most orthoepists, it
has the same sound in nephew (nev'ew) ; but in triph-
thong the h is silent.
68. Q is always followed by u, and has usually,
in connection with that vowel, the sound of fcw, as
in queen, quail, &c. ; but in many words derived
from the French, it has the sound of fc, as in
coquette, etiquette.
R.
69. This letter may be viewed under three as-
pects :
(1.) Initial r, as in Rome, rip, where it has a jar-
ring, trilling, or rolling sound.
(2.) Final r, as in far, carol, &c., which has a softer
sound. The trill here immediately marks the pro-
vincial.
(3.) R connected with a guttural sound (called by
Smart a "guttural vibration"), as heard in such
words as fare, mere, ire, ore, ure, poor, our, &c. Here
the character r represents two sounds, viz., an in-
definite vowel sound resembling short u, and a par-
tially-formed soft r, so that the above words are
pronounced faur, meur, lur, &c. Hence the letter r,
under these circumstances, is said to have an
"opening power:" it brings in an obscure vowel
sound, which serves to modify whatever vowel pre-
cedes the r, so that Smart says " the vowel sounds
in fare, mere, ire, ore, ure, poor, our, do not quite
identify with those in fate, mate, ide, ode, cube, pool,
owl." See this adverted to in 4.
70. S unmarked has its regular sharp or hissing
sound, as in same, gas, mass, &c.
71. S, when marked thus, S, f, has the sound of
a, as in has, was, dec.
NOTE. There has been much diversity among
orthoepists as to the sound of s in words commenc-
ing in dis, as disarm, disburse, &c. Walker laid
down this rule: "It (s) ought always to be pro-
nounced like z when unaccented, and f9llowed by an
accented flat mute (b, d, g hard, v), a liquid (I, m, n,
r), or a vowel." Hence he gave pronunciation like
the following, disbud, dizbud ; disedify, dizedify ;
disjoin, dizjoin ; dislike, dizlike ; dislodge, dizlodge,
&c. Scarcely any subsequent orthoepist has gone
so far. Webster's Dictionary gives s the sound of %
in only the following words, viz., disarm, disaster, dis-
cern, disease, disheir, dishonest, dishonour, dismal, dis-
own, dissolve. The Imperial, Craig, and Wright agree
almost to a word with Webster. Perry and Knowles
give the z sound even in fewer words : Smart gives
it in about eight more ; Jameson and Boag go still
further ; but, with one or two exceptions, the or-
thoepists as a body have condemned the extent to
which Walker has gone in this respect.
72. S takes the sound of sh in words ending in
sion, preceded by a liquid or another s, as in rever-
sion, passion, &c., together with a few other words
such as sure, sugar, censure, nauseate, &c.
73. Shas the sound of zh in words ending in
sion preceded by a vowel, as in revision, decision,
&c., and also in some other words, particularly
those in ure, as measure, pleasure, &c.
T.
74. T, like s and c, is aspirated when it im-
mediately follows the accent, and is itself followed
by the diphthongs ia, ie, io, as in partial, paiient,
station, nation, &c.
TH.
75. Th unmarked has its hard sharp or aspirated
sound, as in thing, breath, &c.
76. Th marked thus, TH, th, has it flat, soft, or
vocal sound, as in this, then, with, &c.
NOTE. Nouns which, in the singular, end in ih
sharp, have usually the same ending in the plural,
as death, deaths; sabbath, sabbaths, &c. ; but the
following five words have their plurals in th vocal,
viz., bath, lath, mouth, oath, and path, as baths,
paths, &c. From this list truth must be carefully
excluded.
WH.
77. The true sound of this digraph is obtained
by reversing the order of the letters, thus : hw ; e. g.,
when, hwen ; while, hwile ; whip, hwip. In some the
U) is silent, as who, whole.
X.
78. This letter has two sounds, viz , its regular
sharp sound like fcs, as in expect, tax, &c., and its
soft or flat sound like gz, as in exert, Ac. This latter
sound occurs when the syllable which immediately
follows the x begins with an accented vowel, as iu
exert, exalt, example, &c. ; but, even in this case, the
sound of gz is not always given to the x.
Z.
79. The leading sound of this letter is heard iu
such words as maze, hazy, &c. In a few words it
takes the sound of zh as in seizure (sezhure), azur
(azhure).
EEMAEKS ON THE KEY.
xui
ACCENT,
80. Accent Is the stress that is laid on a par-
ticular syllable of a word, which is accordingly said
to be accented as in the case of the syllable cent, in
the word which has just been used. The placing of
this accent not only affects the meaning of the
word, but also the sounds both of the vowels and
consonants of which the word is composed, and is
emphatically indicative of the foreigner and the
native, the vulgar and the polite. Thus, with re-
gard to the word character, the Englishman would
say char'acter, the Irishman charact'er, and the
Frenchman char v ac N ter'.
The general tendency of our language is to place
the accent on the former syllable of dissyllables,
and on the antepenult of polysyllables, or to throw
the accent backwards ; but there are so many ex-
ceptions that this statement can only be regarded
as indicating the general tendency of the language.
Trisyllables and polysyllables have usually more
than one accent ; the principal, which alone is com-
monly marked, is called the primary, the others, the
secondary ; thus, in alternation, the primary falls on
the penultimate, and the secondary on the first
syllable of the word. In some words, however, the
primary and secondary accents are so nearly of
equal force, that they are not unfrequently inter-
changed, "making," as Walker remarks, "the
secondary principal and the principal secondary."
He specifies violin, referee, privateer, artisan, courtesan,
charlatan, and might have added ambuscade, caval-
cade, caricature, etiquette, reverie, confidante, gover-
nante, invalid, parachute, and others of foreign ori-
gin. Nearly all of these, except the first three, have
now (according to able orthoepists) transferred the
priaary accent from the last to the first syllable, as
in ar'tisan, &c., under the operation of a principle
which is stated in 87.
DIVIDED USAGE.
81. In a very large number of words, there is a
diversity of practice among good speakers as to the
place of the primary accent. This arises mainly
from a conflict between certain great principles
which affect the seat of the accent. A few of these
may now be mentioned, with a view to account for
this diversity. It is all that can be done in a brief
sketch like this.
82. FIRST PRINCIPLE. Derivatives take for a
time, if not permanently, the accent of their primi-
tives, especially if they are terms of art, as in resolve'
from vesolvo, demonstrate, from demon'stro, ally', from
allier. So also research', renounce', abdo'men, acu'men,
bitu'men, cura'tor, &c.
83. SECOND PRINCIPLE. Ease of titterance has
some influence in deciding the place of the accent.
Acceptable, re'ceptacle, and u'tensil, as fashionable in
the days of Walker, have now taken the easier ac-
centuation of accep'table, recept'acle, aud ute7i'sil. Es '-
sayist is marked essay'ist by Walker, Webster, and
the Imperial, and is given both ways by Worcester.
IHs'crepant, and discrepancy are marked discrep'ant
and discrepancy by Eichardson, Knowles, Webster,
and others. Subal'tern (instead of Walker' ssub'altern)
is the accentuation of Eichardson, Kuowles, and m any
more. Confes'sor has superseded Walker's con'/essor ,
and has the support of Perry, Ash, Jlees, Barclay,
Webster, and Worcester. Con'sistory has given way
to consistory in the marking of Knowles, Barclay,
Eeid, Brande,and others. These may serve as Instan-
ces of the application of this principle. It is an im-
portant one in its place ; and, although it may give
rise for a time to a diversity of pronunciation, yet
changes of this kind, which promote ease of utter-
ance, are likely to prevail.
DlSSTLLABLES.
84. THIRD PRINCIPLE. In words of two sylla-
bles, there is a tendency (though with numerous
exceptions) to accent the former or penultimate
syllable, as in a'gue, bar'on, com'mon, dis'cord, &c.
NOTE. (1.) This tendency meets with a powerful
counteraction in the principle that derivatives retain
the accent of their primitives, as in amuse', deter',
offend,', &c. It is natural, in such formatives, to
continue the accent of the original ; and hence
some hundreds of our dissyllables, especially verbs
and adverbs, have their accent on the last syllable.
(2.) Still there is a constant struggle (especially
among the common people, who are unacqxiainfced
with the derivation of words) to draw back the
accent to the first syllable. Here arises another
conflict, which produces a diversity of accent ; and
the common people, being a majority, are, on the
whole, slowly gaining upon those who are tenacious
of Principle No. 1. Hence con'nate in'nate .(instead
of connate' and innate') are now sanctioned by several
orthoepists. .Al'cove (for alcove') is given by Web-
ster, while con'tents (for contents') has the sanction
of Walker, arid Webster, and Worcester ; re'tail (for
retail') is now the marking of a majority of the or-
thoepists. De'tail (for detail') is less prevalent, but
is sanctioned by Smart, Clarke, &c. Pro'lia; and
pre'text (for prolix 1 and pretext') are not without
support. JJom'bast (for bombast') is the accentua-
tion of Walker, Barclay, Richardson, Webster, and
Worcester. J>u'reau (for bureau') was admitted by
Webster and Worcester, and is very generally ap-
plied to the article of furniture, while bureau' is
used in reference to a department of the govern-
ment. Ac'cess (for access'; is authorised by a num-
ber of orthoepists, especially the later ones. Smart
says, " There is a sort of repugnance to an ultimate
accent unless on a verb; hence the uninitiated talk
of selling con'sols till they learn on the stock ex-
change that the technical pronunciation is consols',"
i. e. t consolidated stocks.
85. We have about eighty cases among our dis-
syllables in which the same word is used as a verb
on the one hand, and a noun or adjective on the
other. To distinguish between them, we accent the
nouns and adjectives on the first syllable, and the
verbs en the last. As the accent on nearly all
these words has long been settled by general usage,
it is unnecessary to give the list in full ; but the
following may be offered to illustrate the princi-
ple:
Nouns or Adjectives.
Ab'ject. Ab-ject'.
Ac'cent. Ac-cent'.
Aug'ment. Aug-ment'.
Bom'bard. Bom-bard.'
Con'cert. Con-cert'.
Con'duct: Con-duct'.
Dis'count. Dis-count*.
Ex'port. Ex-port'.
Fer'ment: Fer-ment'.
Fre'quent. Fre-quent'.
XIV
Nouns or Adjectives.
Im'port.
In'cense.
Ob'ject,
Per'fume.
Eeb'el.
Rec'ord.
Sub'ject.
Tor'ment.
Up'start.
REMAKES ON THE KEY.
Verbs.
Im-port'.
In-cense'.
Ob-ject'.
Per-fume'.
Ee-bel'.
Ee-cord'.
Sub-ject.'
Tor-ment'.
Up-start'.
A considerable number of trisyllables are also ac
cented on the first syllable when nouns, and on th
last when verbs ; for example :
Nouns.
Verbs.
Countercharm'.
Interchange.'
Overcharge'.
Eeprimand'.
C oun'tercharm.
In'terchange.
O'vercharge.
Eep'rimand.
and many other words, when similarly employed
follow the same analogy, as at'tribute, attrib'ute.
86. We have a few dissyllables which are al
once nouns and adjectives. These are distinguished
by accenting the nouns on the first syllable and the
adjectives on the last.
Nouns.
Au'gust, the month.
Com'pact, an engagement
Adjectives.
August', noble.
Compact', close.
Ex'ile, banishment. Exile', slender.
In'stinct, an impulse. Instinct', filled with.
Min'ute , of time. Minute', small.
Su'pine, in grammar. Supine', indolent.
The word gallant, however, when it denotes a
suitor, or "attentive to females," is accented
gallant', .and is changed into gal'Zant when it means
aigh-spirited or daring.
TRISYLLABLES AND POLYSYLLABLES.
87. FOURTH PRINCIPLE. In words of three or
more syllables, there is a strong tendency to accent
the antepenult, or third syllable from the end, as in
el'oquent, accident, opportunity, &c.
NOTE. This tendency is counteracted by that of
derivation; and here arises another "conflict,"
which, to some extent, arrays our scholars on the
one side, and the body of the people on the other.
Every scholar, for example, is strongly inclined to
to say contem'plate, demonstrate, confiscate, obdu'rate,
&c., according to the accent of the Latin ; while the
mass of the people and others who are governed by
English analogies, are equally bent on saying con'tcm-
plate, demonstrate, ob'durate, &c. The latter pronun-
ciation is now very extensively heard, and thus we
have a " divided usage" in respect to these and simi-
lar words. In like manner, bal'cony (for balco'ny) is
now, according to Smart, becoming the true Eng-
lish pronunciation, and is so marked by Knowles,
Webster, and many more.
88. There is a number of words which once took
the antepenultimate accent, but which are now
reverting to an accent on the penult. For example,
concordance (not concordance) is now the settled
pronunciation, and so trtbu'nal (not trib'unal) ; in-
qui'ry (not in'quiry) quintessence (not guint'essence) ;
oppo'nent (not op'ponent) ; expo'nent (not exponent) ;
conipo'nent (not component) ; commit'tee (not com'-
mittee), &c.
89. It is a just principle, laid down by Walker,
that "when words come to us whole from the
Greek, or Latin, the same accent ought to be pre-
served as in the original." Hence the following
words ought to be accented as here marked, viz.,
JMo'inen, hori'zon, deco'rum, deco'roii>-, sono'rous,
acu'men, bitu'men, Panthc'on, and, on like grounds,
piaz'za, farra'go, and others.
90. TERMINATIONS IN tc. Terminations in ic
have their accent on the penult, as epidem'ic, ci-
entific, &c. The following words are exceptions
having the accent on the antepenult, viz. : ar'senic
arith'metic, bishopric, cath'olic, chol'eric, ephem'eric
her'etic, Zu'natic, pleth'oric, politic, rhel'oric, and
tur'meric. Climacteric has usually the antepenulti-
mate accent, though some, as Kuowles and Smart,
pronounce it climacter'ic. In like manner, empiric,
splenetic, phlegmatic, and plethoric, are sometimes
accented on the penult and sometimes on the an-
tepenult.
91. TERMINATIONS IN eon.. A part of these tc r-
minations follow the English analogy, and take the
antepenultimate accent, as cerulean, hyperbo'rean,
Hercu'lean, Mediterranean, subterra'nean, Tarta'rean,
marmo'rean. A part accent the penult, as adaman-
te'an, ^tlante'an, colosse'an, empyre'an, Epicure'an,
.Europe'an, hymene'al, Pygme'an. Orphe'an, being de-
rived from Or'pheus, is more properly accented
Or'phean, although Knowles and Smart prefer the
former,
92. Words ending in tude, efy, ify, ety, ity, graphy,
logy, loquy, athy, metry, tomy, meter, gonal, fiuous,
fluent, and porous, have the accent on the antepenult ;
as for'tiiude, diversify, liberal' ity, geol'ogy, boro'meter.
ouip'orous, &c.
93. Words of three or more syllables, ending in
ulous, inous, erous, and orous, are accented on the
antepenult; as, sed'ulous, uol'uminous, vociferous,
graminivorous; but canontsand sonorous form excep-
"ions.
94. Words of three or more syllables, ending in
ative, are accented on the antepenult ; as, appel'lo-
.ive, commu'nicatire, speculative ; but crea'tive, colla'-
iive, and dela'tiue must be excepted.
95. Words in tive preceded by a consonant, have
ihe accent in the penult : as attractive, uindic'tiue,
constructive, invec'titie ; but sub'stantive and ad'jectiv*
are irregular.
96. There is much diversity of practice among
rthoepists with respect to adjectives ending in ose :
Walker observes that, "from the decided preva-
ence of the accent on the last syllable of those
words, we may easily guess at the analogy of pro-
mnciation ;" Smart, however, the "reinodeller of
Valker," places the accent on the antepenult of a
reat many of this class of words; and hence we
may infer, that the place of the primary accent has
ot been determined, and that it is of little conse-
uence whether we say ad'ipose or adipose', an'helose
r anhelose', op'erose or operose'.
97. There is a class of legal terms ending in or
nd ee, which, when used correlatively, place the
ccent on the last syllable, evidently with the view
f more clearly marking the contrast, thus : ap-
)ellor', appellee' ; donor', donee'; grantor', grantee' ;
egator', legatee'; obligor', obligee', and a few
more of a similar nature ; but, when some of these
vords are used separately, the accent is brought
ackward, as in do'nor, &c.
The same principle of contrast affects the seat of
le accent in many other words, thus : " He must
u'crease, but I must decrease;" the charge is not
I'clusive, but exclusive of extra hours.
98. Those botanical adjectives, ending in phi/J-
us, miL'ht naturally be expected to be similarly
ccented, and yet several orthoepists neutralize
ieir authority by placing the accent on the penult
[' some and on the antepenult of others ; but, upon
ie whole, the preponderance of authority is in
favour of the antepenult, which is certainly most
in accordance with the genius of the lan^
thus : heteroph'yllotts, macroph'yllous, monoph'ylloiu,
rhizoph'yllous, &c.
ORTHOGRAPHY,
ORTHOGRAPHY
AS EXHIBITED IN THIS DICTIONARY.
IT is in this department that we have deviated
farthest from Dr. Webster. Like some other lexi-
cographers, he laboured to bring the orthography of
many exceptional words into conformity to that of
many others of similar form or derivation ; but, al-
though his practice has been extensively followed
in America, it has not met with much favour in this
country. As we consider the duty of the lexico-
grapher not so much to reform the orthography of
a language as to reflect its condition from the pages
of the current literature of his time ; so we have
endeavoured in this work to exhibit that ortho-
graphy which prevails in the standard works of
the present day. The following, remarks, how-
ever, will shew the principles of our present prac-
tice with the more remarkable exceptions, as well
as indicate what many think desirable to be accom-
plished in English orthography.
1. Terminations in our. Dr Webster, in such
words as favour, labour, &c., has dropped the u- but,
in conformity to present usage in Britain, it has
been retained in this work ; although, in time,
these words will be brought into conformity to
many similar words in which the u has been already
dropped.
2. Terminations in c and ck. In all monosyllables,
as sick, stick, the c is followed by fe, and hence, in
their compounds, as candle-stick, &c. Words of
more than one syllable, ending in ic, or iac, which
ended in k in the days of Johnson, have dropped the
7:, as in music, maniac, &c. In all other termina-
tions the k is retained as in arrack. In a few de-
rivatives, however, to prevent the mistake of making
c soft, the fc is retained, as in trafficking, mimicking.
3. Terminations in re. Dr. Webster has endea-
voured to bring about twenty words ending in re,
as centre, metre, into conformity to many others,
such as chamber, cider, diameter, by spelling them
center, meter, &c. ; but even in his hands acre, mas-
sacre, lucre, and ogre have proved refractory, and the
practice has not been generally followed, although,
in some of our recent Dictionaries, many of these
words are spelled both ways.
4. On doubling t7ie Final Consonant, It is a rule ex-
tending to many hundreds of cases, that, when a
word ends in a single consonant, preceded by a
single vowel, with the accent on the last syllable,
the final consonant is doubled when the common
formatives ing, ed, er, are added to the word, as
forget, forgetting; blot, blotted: begin, I eg inner ; but
if a diphthong precedes the final consonant, or if
the accent is on any syllable but the last, the con-
sonant commonly remains single, as load, loaded;
toil, toiling; offer offerer. Thera oie many verbs'
however, especially such as end in I, that form ex-
ceptions to this rule, apparently from the fear of
leading to a mispronunciation of the vowel next the
final consonant ; thus, level, levelling ; pencil, pencil-
led; model, modeller; travel, traveller. Lowth,
Walker, and others have recommended these words
to be brought into conformity to the general
rule ; this has been done by Dr. Webster, but in
this work we have spelled them according to the
prevailing practice , although there is a considerable
number of words of similar termination that con-
form to the general rule, as barrel, barreling,- bigot,
bigoted; drivel, driveled, driveling, but, inconsistently,
driveller. Hence in words ending in I, p, and t, usage
is by no means settled.
5. IHstiuction between Verbs in ize and ise. Verbs
from the Greek tw, and others formed analogously
to them, have the termination ize, as baptize,
legalize, &c. Catecliise and exorcise are exceptions.
Verbs, derived directly from the French -iser, and
also some nouns, with a few from other sources, end
in ise, as advertise, aduise, affranchise, chastise, circum-
ise, comprise, criticise. There is a general tendency,
however, among printers at present to dispense as
far as possible with z in those terminations in which
it was formerly used.
6. Terminations in able. .Able, when incorporated
into words ending with silent e, cuts it off, as in
blamable, except after c or g, as in noticeable, change-
able, lest they should be sounded Tiard.
7. Defense, offense, and pretense. In these words s
is considered by many preferable to c on the ground
of analogy. Originally the following words were
spelt thus : expence, recoinpence, suspence, but
have, within comparatively a short period, changed
the c into s, for two reasons, viz., (1.), they are de-
rived from Latin words in s, as expensum, &c., and
(2.) they have their English derivatives in s, as ex-
pensive, &c. The same reasons apply to defense
(defensio), with the derivative defensive ; offense
(oftensa), and pretense (preetensus), with the deriva-
tives offensive and pretension. The terms pence and
fev.ce, however, are not thus derived, and have no
formatives in s.
8. Connection, deflection, inflection, reflection, should!
follow the spelling of their verbs, connect, &c.
9. Derivatives of dull, skill, will, and full. It has
been suggested that these should retain the II, to
prevent the inconvenience of exceptions to a gen-
eral rule. Walker says there is no reason why we
should not write dullness, fullness, skillfull, as well
as stiff-ness, gruffness, &c., but it has not yet been
generally done.
10. Derivatives of villain. The derivatives of
villain ought to retain the t, as in villainous, vil-
lainy, &c. This is the case in all similar words
when the ain is not under the accent, as in
mountainous from mountain, captaincy from cap-
tain, &c.
11. Foe. This word takes the final e, like doe, foe,
hoe, sloe, toe, and all similar nouns of one syllable.
The termination in o belongs, among monosyllables,
to the other parts of speech, as go, so, and to nouns
of more than one syllable, as motto, potato, &c.
12. Practise, as a Verb. This verb has been
spelled by Dr. Webster like the noun, with a c, as in
notice, apprentice, and all similar words in which the
accent precedes the last syllable. The distinction ot
spelling between the noun and verb belongs properly
is said, to give it the same pronunciation (prac-tize')-
But this spelling, though in opposition to analogy,
is still prevalent.
13. Drought and height have now become the esta-
blished spelling : but drouth and hight were formerly
used by eminent writers.
14. Some words, pronounced alike, and probably
derived from the very same stock, are spelled dif-
ferently, that they may be more easily distinguished,
as stationery (paper, &c.) and stationary (standing) ;
clue (a guide) and clew (a line) ; ton (a dry measure)
and tun (a wet measure or large hogshead) ; mantel
( chimney-piece) and mantle (a kind of cloak) ; holiday
(a secular festival) and holyday (a religious festival) ;
ctte (a hint or guide) and queut (a tie of hair),
&c.
SYNONYMOUS WOEDS
DISCRIMINATED IN THIS VOLUME.
The discriminations will be found under the words printed in capitals.
To ABANDON to relinquish, for-
sake, desert, surrender, leave,
forego.
ABANDONED forsaken, deserted,
profligate, depraved, corrupt,
reprobate.
ABASEMENT humiliation, depres-
sion, degradation.
To ABASH to confuse, confound.
To ABATE to decline, subside,
dimmish.
Abbey, see CLOISTER.
Aberration, see INSANITY.
A BETTOR accomplice, accessary.
To abhor, see To DETEST.
ABILITY capacity, talent, skill,
dexterity, address.
To ABOLISH to subvert, over-
turn, destroy, nullify, abrogate,
annul, repeal.
To abominate, see To DETEST.
ABRIDGMENT compendium, epi-
tome, summary, abstract, syn-
opsis.
To abrogate; see To ABOLISH.
To ABSOLVE to exonerate, ac-
quit.
ABSTINENCE temperance.
Abstract, see ABRIDGMENT.
ABSURD foolish, irrational, pre-
posterous.
ABUNDANCE exuberance, plente-
ousness.
Abundant, see AMPLE.
To accept, see To RECEIVE.
Accessary, see ABETTOR.
ACCIDENTAL casual, fortuitous,
contingent, incidental.
Accomplice, see ABETTOR.
ACCOUNT narrative; narration,
recital, description, detail.
ACCURATE correct, precise.
To ACCUSE to arraign, censure,
impeach.
To ACKNOWLEDGE to concede,
confess, allow, recognize.
ACQUAINTANCE familiarity, inti-
macy.
To acquire, see To ATTAIN.
To acquit, see To ABSOLVE.
ACRIMONY asperity, harshness,
tartness.
ACTIVE brisk, alert, agile, nim-
ble, sprightly, prompt, quick.
Actual, see REAL.
Acute, se.'- SUBTILE.
A <l:i ere, see APHORISM.
To ADD to subjoin, annex.
To ADDICT to dovote, to dedi-
cate to.
Address, see ABILITY.
Adjacent, se CONTIGUOUS, also
ADJOINING.
ADJOINING adjacent, contiguous,
neighbouring.
To ADJOURN to postpone, defer,
delay, prorogue.
To ADMIT to concede, grant, per-
mit.
To ADMONISH to reprove, re-
buke, reprimand, warn, advise.
To ADORN to embellish, orna-
ment.
ADULATION flattery, compliment.
Adventurous, see BASH.
ADVERSARY opponent, antago-
nist, enemy, foe.
Adversity, see AFFLICTION.
To advertize, see To ANNOUNCE.
To advise, see To ADMONISH.
Affidavit, see DEPOSITION.
To AFFIRM to aver, protest, as-
sert.
AFFLICTION trouble, distress, sor-
row, adversity, misfortune.
AGGRESSOR assaulter, invader.
Agile, see ACTIVE.
Agitation, see EMOTION.
AGONY anguish, pang.
Alert, see ACTIVE.
Alienation, see INSANITY.
To allay, see To ALLEVIATE.
To ALLEVIATE to lessen, dimin-
ish, mitigate, assuage, allay.
To allow, see To ACKNOWLEDGE;
also To PERMIT.
To ALLURE to entice, decoy, se-
duce.
Also, sec LIKEWISE.
ALTKRCATION wrangle, dispute.
Although, see THOUGH.
Ambiguous, see EQUIVOCAL.
To AMEND to correct, reform,
rectify.
AMICABLE friendly.
Among, see BETWEEN.
AMPLE spacious, capacious, ex-
tensive, abundant, plenteous.
To AMUSE to divert, entertain.
ANCIENT primitive, antiquated,
obsolete.
ANGER indignation, resentment,
wrath, fury, rage-
Anguish, see AGONY.
Animation, see LIVELINESS.
Annals, see HISTORY.
To annex, see To ADD.
To ANNOUNCE to proclaim, pub-
lish, advertize.
To annul, see To ABOLISH.
Answer, see REPLY.
Antagonist, see ADVERSARY.
ANTECEDENT prior, preceding,
foregoing, previous.
ANTERIOR previous, former, pre-
ceding.
To ANTICIPATE to expect.
Antipathy, see AVERSION.
Antiquated, see ANCIENT.
APHORISM axiom, maxim, ad-
age.
APOLOGY excuse.
To appall, see To DISMAY.
APPARENT obvious, clear, plain,
evident.
To appear, see To SEEM.
Appellation, see EPITHET, also
NAME.
To APPRECIATE to esteem, esti-
mate, value.
To apprehend, see To ARREST.
Appropriate, see APT.
APT appropriate, suitable, quali
fied, inclined, disposed, dex-
trous, fitted.
ARBITRARY tyrannical, imperi-
ous, unlimited, capricious.
Arbitrator, see JUDGE.
ARDUOUS -difficult, hard.
To ARGUE to discuss, debate,
dispute, prove.
ARMS Weapons.
To arraign, see To ACCUSE.
To ARREST to check, stop, appre-
hend.
ARROGANCE haughtiness, lordli-
ness.
Arrogant, see MAGISTERIAL.
Art, see SCIENCE.
Artful, see CUNNING.
A RTICULATION pronunciation.
Asperity, see ACRIMONY.
To ASPERSE to calumniate, slan-
der, defame.
To assail, see To ASSAULT.
To assassinate, see To KILL.
To ASSAULT to attack, invade,
Assaulter, se AGGRESSOR.
ASSKNT consent.
To ASSERT to maintain, aver,
To assuage, see To ALLEVIATE, also
To MITIGATE.
Atheist, see IXFIDEL.
At least, see HOWEVER.
ATROCIOUS -flagitious, flagrant.
To attack, see To ASSAULT.
To ATTAIN to obtain, acquire.
To attempt, see To TRY.
ATTEMPT trial, endeavour, effort,
exertion.
To ATTKND to listen, hearken.
Attentive, see OBSEQUIOUS.
A.TTiTtri>E posture.
Auction, sale by, sale at, see SALE.
AUDACITY hardihood, boldness
impudence.
Auspicious, see PR.OPITIOTTS.
AUTHENTIC genuine.
AVARICIOUS covetous, parsimo-
nious, penurious, miserly, nig-
gardly.
To AVENGE to revenge.
To aver, see To AFFIRM, also To
ASSERT.
AVERSE disinclined, backward,
reluctant.
AVERSION disgust, reluctance,
repugnance, antipathy.
To AVOID to shun.
To avow, see To CONFESS.
AWE dred, veneration.
Awful, see FRIGHTFUL.
AWKWARD clumsy, uncouth.
AXIOM maxim, aphorism, adage.
B.
Backward, see AVERSE.
Badly, see GREATLY.
Baggage, se PLUNDEE.
Balance, see BEMAINDER,
BANK-BILL bank-note.
Bank-note, see BANK-BILL.
Banquet, see FEAST.
To BANTER to rally.
BARBARISM solecism ; see also
SOLECISM.
Barbarous, see FEROCIOUS.
BASE mean, vile.
BASHFUL modest, diffident.
BATTLE combat, fight, engage-
ment.
To BE to become.
BEAST brute.
Beautiful, see FINE.
BEAUTIFUL handsome, pretty.
To become, see To BE.
To beg, see To BESEECH.
BEHAVIOUR conduct, deport-
ment.
To believe, see To E-XPECT.
BELOW beneath.
To bemoan, see To DEPLOBE.
Beneath, see BELOW.
BENEFICENCE benevolence.
Beneficent, see BENEVOLENT.
Benevolence, see BENEFICENCE.
BENEVOLENCE kindness, benig-
nity, tenderness.
BENEVOLENT -beneficent, munifi-
cent.
Benignity, see BENEVOLENCE.
To BEQUEATH to devise.
To BESEECH to beg, entreat, so-
licit, supplicate, implore.
Besides, see MOREOVER.
BETWEEN among.
To bewail, see To DEPLORE.
BLAZE flame.
Blessedness, see HAPPINESS.
Bliss, see HAPPINESS.
BLUNDER error, mistake, bull.
Bodily, see CORPOREAL.
Boldness, see AUDACITY.
Bound, see DESTINED.
Boundary, see LIMIT.
Brave, see GALLANT.
BRAVERY courage, audacity.
Breeding, see EDUCATION.
Brilliant, see SHINING.
Brisk, see ACTIVE.
Brute, see BEAST.
Bulwark, see KAMPART.
BURDEN load.
SYNONYMOUS WORDS.
But, see EXCEPT.
Butchery, see MASSAGES.
C.
CABAL -party, faction.
CALAMITY disaster, misfortune
mishap, mischance.
Tc CALCULATE to compute, reck
on, count.
To CALL to convoke, summon
bid.
Callous, see OBDURATK.
To calumniate, see To ASPERSE.
C A LUMNY slander, defamation
libel.
CAN can but, can not but.
CANDID fair, open, frank, ingen-
uous.
Capacious, see SPACIOUS.
Capacity, see ABILITY.
Capricious, see ARBITRARY.
CAPTIOUS cavilling, petulant,
fretful.
GARB anxiety, solicitude, con-
cern.
Carnage, see MASSACRE.
CAROUSAL feast, banquet.
Cars, see TRAIN.
Cash, see MONEY.
Castle, see FORTRKSS.
CASUAL accidental, fortuitous,
incidental, occasional.
Catalogue, see LIST, also SCHED-
ULE.
CATEGORY predicament.
CAUTIOUS wary, circumspect.
To CELEBRATE to praise, extol,
commemorate.
Celebrated, see DISTINGUISHED.
To censure, see To ACCUSE.
Ceremonious, see FORMAL.
CESSATION stop, rest, pause, in-
termission.
CHAGKIN vexation, mortifica-
tion.
To chasten, see To CHASTISE.
To CHASTISE to punish, chasten.
Chat, see CONVERSATION.
To check, see To ARREST.
^HIEF chieftain, commander,
leader.
hieftain, sec CHIEF.
hoice, see OPTION, also VOLI-
TION.
To CHOOSE to prefer, elect
Cnronicle, see HISTORY.
ircumspect, see CAUTIOUS.
CIRCUMSTANCE fact, event, inci-
dent.
,'ircumstantial, see MINUTE.
Citadel, see FORTRESS.
To cite, see To QUOTE.
City, see VILLAGE,
Clear, see APPARENT, also MANI-
FEST.
CLEARNESS perspicuity, trans-
parency.
Cleverness, see INGENUITY.
CLOISTER monastery, nunnery,
convent, abbey, priory.
Clumsy, see AWKWARD.
To COERCE to compel.
COLLUSION connivance.
Combat, see BATTLE, also CON-
TEST.
COMFORT consolation, solace.
Comical, sea DJROLL.
Command, see DIRECTION.
Commander, see CHIEF.
To commemorate, see To CELE-
BRATE.
xvu
Commercial, see MERCANTILE.
To commit, see To CONSIGN.
Common, se GENERAL, also Me-
TUAL.
To COMMUNICATE to impart, re-
veal.
Compact, see CONTRACT.
To COMPARE to compare to, to
compare with.
Compassion, see PITY.
Compendium, see ABRIDGMENT.
Competent, see QUALIFIED.
Competition, see EMULATION.
Complaisant, see OBLIGING.
COMPLETE whole, entire, total.
Complex, see INTRICATE.
Complicated, see INTRICATE.
Compliment, see ADULATION.
To comprehend, see To UNDER-
STAND.
COMPULSION constraint, re-
straint.
COMPUNCTION remorse.
To CONCEAL to hide, disguise,
dissemble, secrete.
To concede, see To ADMIT, also To
ACKNOWLEDGE.
Concise, see LACONIC, also TERSE.
Conclusion, see INFERENCE.
Conclusive, see FINAL.
Concussion, see SHOCK.
Condition, see STATE.
Conduct, see BEHAVIOUR.
To confer, see To GIVE.
Conference, see CONVERSATION.
To confess, see To ACKNOWLEDGE.
To CONFESS -to avow,
onflict, see CONTEST.
To confound, see To ABASH.
To CONFUTE to refute.
To CONGRATULATE to felicitate.
Connivance, see COLLUSION.
To CONQUER to vanquish, subdue,
subjugate.
Consent, see ASSENT.
CONSEQUENCE effect, result.
To consider, see To FONDER.
Considerate, see THOUGHTFUL.
I'o CONSIGN to commit, intrust
Consolation, see COMFORT.
Conspicuous, see DISTINGUISHED.
Constancy, see FIUMNKSS.
Constraint, see COMPULSION.
Consumption, see DECLINE.
Contagion, see INFECTION.
CONTAGIOUS infectious.
Do CONTEMN to despise, scorn,
disdain.
To CONTEMPLATE to meditate, in-
tend.
CONTEMPTIBLE Despicable, piti-
ful, paltry.
'o contend, see To SATIATE.
CONTEST strife, conflict, encoun-
ter, combat.
Contiguous, see ADJOINING.
CONTIGUOUS adjoining, adjacent
Contingent, see ACCIDENTAL.
CONTINUAL continuous, perpet-
ual.
To continue, see To PERSEVERE.
Continuous, see CONTINUAL.
CONTRACT covenant, stipulation,
compact.
CONTRITION repentance.
Contrivance, see DEVICE.
Control, see DIRECTION.
Convent, see CLOISTER.
ONVERS'ATION talk, chat, con
ference.
CONVERT proselyte, pervert.
To CONVINCE to persuade.
Crdial, see HEARTY.
XV1H
Corporal, sefc CORPOREAL.
CORPOREAL bodily, corporal.
Corpulent, see STOUT.
To correct, see To AMEND.
Correct, see ACCURATK.
To CORRESPOND -to correspon
with, to correspond to.
Corrupt, see ABANDONED.
Corruption, see DEPRAVITY.
Courage, see HEROISM.
Courageous, sec GALLANT.
Covenant, see CONTRACT.
Covert, see HID.
Covetous, see AVARICIOUS.
;u craven, poltroon, das
tard.
Coy, see SHY.
Crafty, see CUNNING.
Craven, see COWASD.
CRIME sin, vice.
Crowd, see THRONG.
CUNNING artful, sly, wily, crafty
Curious, see INQUISITIVE.
Current, see STREAM.
Curse, see MALKDICTION.
Custom, sec HABIT, also USAGE
D.
PAINTY delicacy.
Damage, see MISCHIEF.
DANGER peril, hazard, risk-
jeopardy.
DARKNESS dimness, obscurity
gloom.
Dastard, see COWARD.
To daunt, see To DISMAY.
Dead, see LIFELESS.
DKATH decease, demise, depart-
ure, release.
To debate, see To ARGUE, also Tc
Discuss.
DKBILITY infirmity, imbecility.
Decay, see DECLINE.
Decease, see DEATH.
Deceit, see DECEPTION.
DECEIVER impostor..
DECEPTION deceit, fraud, imposi-
tion.
Decision, see DETERMINATION.
To decline, see To A
DECLINE decay, consumption.
DECORUM dignity.
To decoy, see To ALLU::R
To DECREASE to diminish.
Decree, see LAW.
To DECRY to depreciate, detract,
disparage.
To dedicate to, sea To ADDICT.
Deduction, see INDUCTION.
To defame, see To ASPEHSE.
DEFKCT fault.
To DEFEND to protect.
To defer, see To ADJOURN.
D EFEUENCE respect.
DEFINITION explanation, descrip-
tion.
Degradation, see ABASEMENT.
To degrade, see To DEMEAN.
Deist, sec INFIDEL.
To delay, see To ADJOTON.
Delicacy, see DAINTY.
DELICIOUS delightful.
Delighted, see GLAD.
Delightful, see DELICIOUS.
Delineation, see SKI
Delirium, see INSANITY.
To DELIVER to give forth.
To delude, see To MISLEAD.
DBLUSION illusion, fallacy.
To DEMEAN to dei
Dementia, s*e INSANITY.
SYNONYMOUS
Demise, see DEATH.
To DEMOLISH to overturn, over
throw, destroy, dismantle, raze
Denomination, see NAME.
Departure, see DEATH.
To DEPLORE to mourn, lament
bewail, bemoan.
Deportment, see BEHAVIOUR.
DEPOSITION affidavit.
Depot, see STATION.
Depravation, see DEPRAVITY.
Depraved, see ABANDONED.
DEPRAVITY corruption, deprava-
tion.
To depreciate, see To DECRY.
ion, see ABASEMENT.
Derangement, see INSANITY.
To DERIDE to ridicule, mock,
taunt.
Description, see ACCOUNT.
To desert, see To ABANDON.
Deserted, see ABANDONED.
intention, purpose.
To DKSIRE to request.
Despicable, see CONTEMPT:
To despise, see To CONTEMN.
DjesTix ED bound.
ABOLISH, also
To DEMOLISH.
Detail, .see ACCOUNT.
DETERMINATION decision, resolu-
tion.
To DKTKST to hate, abhor, abom-
inate, loathe.
i.'t, see To DECRY.
DEVICE - contrivance.
L'o devise, see To BKQUKATH.
To devote, see To Ai
Dexterity, see ABILITY, also SKILL.
Dexterous, sec APT.
dialect, see IDIOM.
DICTION- style, phraseology.
I 1 .. DIFFER to differ with, to dif-
fer from.
:c, see ARDUOUS.
, se<! IMPEDIMENT.
..o, see HUMILITY.
I'ASIIFUL.
."LIX.
-I'M.
, see SLOW.
>ILP; ry.
o dimii. \UATB.
)imness, see DARKNESS.
'o direct or command, see To IN-
STRUCT.
v control, command.
)i K KCTLY immediately.
)irty, see NASTY.
USABILITY inability.
'o disappoint, see To TANTALISE.
DISBELIEF unbelief.
o discern, see To PERCEIVE.
IBM pen.
.tion.
:arge, see To DKLJVEU.
o DISCOVER to invent.
nation, see DISCERNMENT.
o DISCUSS to debate.
o discuss, see To ARGUE.
, sec To CON ir MN.
isdaiu, fee HAUGHTINESS.
ISEASE disorder, distemper,
malady.
iseased, see MORBID.
OBAIk
isiiK'lined, see AVERSE.
o dismantle, see To DEMOLISH.
p DISMAY to daunt, ai ,
isorder, see DISEASE.
ispatch, see HASTE.
isposed, see APT.
DISPOSITION inclination, tn
dency.
To dispute, see To ARGUB.
Dispute, sec ALTERCATION.
To dissemble, see To CONCEAL.
DISSEMBLER hypocrite.
Distance, see PIECE.
Distemper, see DISEASE.
DISTINGUISHED eminent, conspi-
cuous, celebrated, illustrious.
Distress, see AFFLICTION.
To divert, see To AMUSE.
Divorce, sec SEPARATION.
To divulge, see To RSVEAL,
DOGMA tenet.
Dogmatical, see MAGISTERIAL,
Domineering, see IMPERIOUS.
DONATION gift, present.
Dread, sec AWE.
Dreadful, sec FI.IGHTFUL.
Drive, sec KIDE.
DROLL lau^hu' lo, comical.
DRUNK : oxication,
briation.
Dull, sec LIFELESS.
Dumb, see iMuiB.
Durable, see LASTING.
EAGER earnest.
Earnest, see EAGER.
EARNEST pi
ECONOMY frugality, parsimony.
Edict, see LAW.
EDUCATION instruction, teaching,
breeding.
Sffect, see CONSEQUENCE.
Effort, se ATTKMPT, also EN-
DEAVOUR.
Sffroutery, see IMPUDENCE.
EGOTISM self-conceit, vanity.
i.'o elect, see To CHOOSE.
ELEGANCE grace.
To EMBARRASS to puzzle, per-
plex.
To embellish, see To ADORN.
Eminent, see DISTINGUISHED.
EMOTION feeling, agitation.
Empirical, -see TRANSCENDENTAL.
To employ, see To USK.
Empty, see VACANT.
EMULATION competition, rival-
ry-
Encomium, sec EULOGY.
Encounter, sec CONTEST.
Endeavour, sec To ATTEMPT.
ENDEAVOUR effort, exercise,
struggle.
Enemy, sec ADVEESXRY.
Engagement, see BATTLE.
To en
see To INCREASE.
Enmity, see RANCOUR.
ENORMOUS immense, excessive.
To entertain, see To A MUSK.
ENTHUSIASM fanaticism.
To entice, sec To ALLURE.
Entire, see COMPLETE, ulso RAD-
ICAL.
To entreat, see To BESEECH.
EPITHET title, appellation.
Epitome,
Equity,
EQUIVOCAL ambignous.
lo equivocate, ^cc To PREVARI-
CATE.
Erudition, see LITERATURE.
Especial, se PECUI.
To esteem, see To AITHI.CIATB.
To ESTIMATE to esteem.
To estimate, see To APPRECIATE.
Eternal, see EVBRLASTJNO.
Eucharist, see SACBAMENT.
EULOGY encomium, panegyric.
To evade, see To PREVARICATE.
Event, see CIRCUMSTANCE.
EVERLASTING eternal.
Evidence, see TESTIMONY.
Evident, see APPARENT, also MANI
FEST.
Example, see PRECEDENT.
EXAMPLE instance.
To exasperate, sea To IRRITATE.
EXCEPT but ; see also UNLESS.
EXCESSIVE extreme, vehement.
TorExciTB to incite.
Excursion, see JOURNEY.
Execration, see MALEDICTION.
Exercise, see ENDEAVOUR.
Exertion, see ATTEMPT.
To exonerate, see To ABSOLVE .
To EXPECT to think ; believe.
To expect, see To ANTICIPATE.
Explanation, see DEFINITION.
EXPLICIT expr es s .
To expostulate, see To EKMOK
STRATE.
Express, see EXPLICIT.
Extensive, see AMPLE.
To extenuate, see To PALLIATE.
To extol, see To CELEBRATE, also
To PRAISE.
Extreme, see EXCESSIVE.
EXUBERANCE plenty, abund-
P.
Fabrication, see FICTION.
FACILITY expertness,
ness.
Fact, see CIRCUMSTANCE,
FACTITIOUS unnatural.
FAILING fault, foible.
Fallacy, see DELUSION.
Falsehood, see FALSITY.
FALSITY falsehood, lie.
Familiarity, see ACQUAINTANCE.
FAMOUS renowned, illustrious.
Fanaticism, see ENTHUSIASM, also
SUPERSTITION.
FANCIFUL fantastical, visionary.
Fancy, see IMAGINATION.
Fantastical, see FANCIFUL.
FASTIDIOUS squeamish.
To fatigue, see To JADE.
Fault, see DEFECT, also FAILING.
Fealty, see HOMAGE.
FEAST banquet, festival.
Feeling, see EMOTION, also SENTI-
MENT.
To felicitate, see To CONGRATU-
LATE.
Felicity, see HAPPINESS.
Female, see FEMININE.
FEMININE female.
FEROCIOUS -Fierce, savage, bar-
barous.
FERTILE fruitful.
FICTION fabrication, falsehood.
Fierce, see FEROCIOUS.
Fight, see BATTLE.
Filthy, see NASTY.
FINAL conclusive, ultimate.
FINE beautiful.
FINICAL spruce, foppish.
FIRMNESS constancy.
Fitted, see APT.
Flagitious, see ATROCIOUS:
Flagrant, sec ATROCIOUS.
Flattery, see ADULATION.
FLEETING transient, transi-
tory.
SYNONYMOUS WORDS.
Flight, see PAIR.
Flightiness, see LEVITT.
To FLUCTUATE to vacillate, wa-
ver.
Foe, see ADVERSABT.
Foible, see FAILING.
To FOLLOW to pursue.
To FOLLOW to succeed.
Foolhardy, see RASH.
Foolish, see ABSURD.
Foppish, see FINICAL.
To forbid, see To PROHIBIT.
FORCE strength.
To forego, see To ABANDON.
Foregoing, see ANTECEDENT.
FORGIVENESS pardon.
FORMAL precise, ceremonious.
Former, see ANTERIOR.
To forsake, see To ABANDON.
Forsaken, see ABANDONED.
To forswear, see To PERJURE.
Fortification, see FORTRESS.
FORTRESS -fortification, castle,
citadel.
Fortuitous, see ACCIDENTAL.
FORTUNATE successful, prosper
ous.
Frank, see INGENUOUS.
Fraud, see DECEPTION.
Freak, see WHIM.
Freedom, see LIBERTY.
Freethinker, see INFIDEL.
Frenzy, see INSANITY.
Friendly, see AMICABLE.
FRIGHTFUL dreadful, awful.
Froward, see PERVERSE.
Frugality, see ECONOMY.
Fruitful, see FERTILE.
Fruitless, see USELESS.
Fury, see ANGER.
a.
To GAIN to win.
GALLANT courageous, brave.
Gallantry, see HEROISM.
To gape, see To GAZE.
GARRULOUS talkative, loqua-
cious.
Gaiety, see LIVELINESS.
To GAZE to gape, stare.
GENERAL common, universal.
generosity, see MAGNANIMITY.
jrenerous, see LIBERAL.
GENIUS talent.
Gentile, see PAGAN.
GENTLE tame, mild, meek,
enuine, see AUTHENTIC.
Gesture, see ATTITUDE.
3rift, see DONATION.
To GIVE to confer, grant.
To give forth, see To DELIVER.
JLAD delighted, gratified,
To GLEAM to glimmer, glit-
ter.
To glimmer, see To GLEAM.
To glitter, see To GLEAM.
Gloom, see DARKNESS.
gloomy, see MOODY.
Grace, see ELEGANCE.
RACE mercy.
RAND magnificent, sublime.
Grandeur, see SUBLIMITY,
To grant, see To ADMIT, also To
GIVE.
Gratified, see GLAD.
To GRATIFY to indulge, to hu-
mour.
GRAVE sober, serious, solemn.
GREATLY badly.
Greeting, see SALUTATION.
GRIEF -sorrow, sadnesH.
To grow, tee To RAISE.
To GUESS to think, reckon.
HABIT custom.
Hall, see VESTIBULE.
Hamlet, see VILLAGE.
Handsome, see BEAUTIFUL.
HAPPINESS felicity, blessedness,
bliss.
HARANGUE speech, oration.
Hard, see ARDUOUS, also SOLID.
Hardened, see OBDURATE.
Hardihood, see AUDACITY.
Harm, see MISCHIEF.
HARMONY melody.
Harshness, see ACRIMONY.
HASTE hurry, speed, dispatch.
To hate, see To DETEST.
Hatred, see ODIUM.
HAUGHTINESS arrogance, dis-
dain.
To have, see To POSSESS.
Hazard, see DANGER.
To hearken, see To ATTEND.
HEARTY cordial, sincere.
Heathen, see PAGAN.
HERETIC schismatic, sectarian.
HEROISM courage, fortitude,
bravery, valour, intrepidity, gal-
lantry.
HID secret, covert.
To hide, see To CONO :AL.
Highway, see ROAD.
Hinderance, sze IMPEDIMENT.
Hint, see SUGGESTION.
HISTORY chronicle, annals.
HOMAGE fealty.
House, see TENEMENT.
HOWEVER at least, nevertheless,
yet.
Humiliation, see ABASEMENT.
HUMILITY modesty, diffidence.
Humour, see WIT.
To humour, see To GRATIFY
Hurry, see HASTE.
Hypocrite, see DISSEMBLER.
Hypothesis, see THEORY.
IDIOM dialect.
IDLE indolent, lazy.
IGNORANT illiterate.
Illiterate, see IGNORANT.
ILLNESS sickness.
Illusion, see DELUSION.
Illustrious, see DISTINGUISHED,
also FAMOUS.
IMAGINATION fancy.
Imbecility, see DEBILITY.
Immediately, see DIRECTLY.
Immense, see ENORMOUS.
IMMINENT impending, threaten-
ing.
To impart, see to COMMUNICATE.
To impeach, see To ACCUSE.
IMPEDIMENT obstacle, difficulty,
hinder ance.
Impending, see IMMINENT.
Imperious, see ARBITRARY.
IMPERIOUS lordly, domineering.
IMPERTINENT officious.
To implore, see To BESEECH.
To imply, see To INVOLVE.
Imposition, see DECEPTION.
Impossible, see IMPRACTICABLE.
Impostor, see DECEIVER.
IMPRACTICABLE impossible.
SYNONYMOUS WOEDS.
Imprecation, set MALEDVCTIOH.
IMPUDENCE effrontery, sauci-
ness.
Impudence, see ATTDACITT.
In a boat, see ON a boat.
Inability, see DISABILITY.
Inactive, see INERT.
Inadvertence, see INATTENTION .
Inanimate, see LIFELESS.
INATTENTION Inadvertence.
Incapable, see INCOMPETENT.
Incident, see CIRCUMSTANCE.
INCIDENTAL accidental.
To incite, see To EXCITE.
Inclination, see DISPOSITION.
Inclined, see APT.
Incompatible, see INCONSISTENT.
INCOMPETENT incapable.
Incongruous, see INCONSISTENT.
INCONSISTENT incongruous, in-
compatible.
To INCREASE to enlarge.
Incursion, see INVASION.
INDIGENCE poverty, want, need.
Indignation, see ANGER.
Indolence, see IDLENESS.
Inducement, see MOTIVE.
INDUCTION deduction.
To indulge, see To GRATIFY.
Industry, see DILIGENCE.
Inebriation, see DRUNKENNESS.
Ineffectual, see USELESS.
INERT inactive, sluggish.
INFECTION contagion.
Infectious, see CONTAGIOUS.
INFERENCE conclusion.
INFIDEL unbeliever, freethinker,
deist, atheist, sceptic.
Infirmity, see DEBILITY.
INFORMANT informer.
Informer, see INFORMANT.
INGENUITY cleverness.
INGENUOUS open, frank.
INIQUITOUS wicked, nefarious.
INNUENDO insinuation.
To inquire, see To QUESTION.
INQUISITIVE curious, prying.
Inroad, sec INVASION.
INSANITY lunacy, madness, de-
rangement, alienation, aberra-
tion, mania, delirium, frenzy,
monomania, dementia.
Insinuation, see INNUENDO.
INSOLENCE insult.
Instance, see EXAMPLE.
Instant, see MOMENT.
To INSTRUCT to direct or com-
mand.
Instruction, see EDUCATION.
Insult, see INSOLENCE.
Insurgent, see REBEL.
INSURRECTION sedition.
Integrity, see PROBITY.
Intelligent, sec SENSIBLE.
To intend, see To CONTEMPLATE.
Intention, see DESIGN.
To interfere, see To INTERPOSE.
To intermeddle, see To INTERPOSE.
Intermission, see CESSATION.
To INTERPOSE to intermeddle,
interfere.
To interrogate, see To QUESTION.
Intimacy, see ACQUAINTANCE.
Intoxication, see DRUNKENNESS.
Intrepidity, see HEROISM.
INTRICATE -complex, complicated.
To intrude, see To OBTRUDE.
To intrust, see To CONSIGN.
To invade, see To ASSAULT.
Invader, see AGGRESSOR.
INVASION incursion, irruption,
inroad.
To invent, see To DISCOVER.
Inventory, see LIST.
To INVOLVE to imply.
IRKS9ME tedious .
Irrational, see ABSURD.
To IRRITATE to provoke, exas-
perate.
Irruption, see INVASION.
J.
To JADE to fatigue, tire, weary.
JEALOUS suspicious.
Jeopardy, see DANGER.
To JEST to joke.
To joke, see To JEST.
JOURNEY tour, excursion, pil-
grimage.
JUDGE umpire, arbitrator, ref-
eree.
JUSTICE equity, law.
Justice, see RECTITUDE.
Juvenile, *ee PUERILE.
K.
To KEEP to retain, preserve.
To KILL to murder, assassinate,
Kind, see OBLIGING.
Kind, see SORT.
Kindness, see BENEVOLEHCB.
KINQLY regal
LABYRINTH maze.
LACONIC concise.
To lag, see To LOITES.
To lament, see To DEPLOBB.
LAMPOON satire.
LANGUAGE speech, tongue,idiom,
dialect.
LASTING permanent, durable.
Laughable, see DROLL.
Lavish, see PROFUSE.
Law, see JUSTICE.
LAW statute, common law, regu-
lation, edict, decree.
To lay, see To LIE,
Lazy, see IDLE.
Leader, see CHIEF.
1 o LEARN to teach.
Learning, see LITERATURE.
To leave, see To ABANDON, also To
QUIT.
LEAVE liberty, permission, li-
cence.
To lessen, see To ALLEVIATE.
LEVITY volatility, flightiness.
LIABLE subject.
LIBERAL generous.
To liberate, see To DKLIVEB.
Liberty, see LEAVE.
Li BERTY freedom .
Licence, see LIBERTY.
Lie, see UNTRUTH.
LIE untruth.
To LIE to lay.
LIFELESS dull, inanimate, dead.
LIKEWISE also, too.
LIMB member.
LIMIT boundary.
To linger, see To LOITEB.
List, see SCHEDULE.
LIST roll, catalogue, register, in-
ventory,
To listen, see To ATTEND.
LITERATURE learning, erudition.
Literature, see SCIENCE.
LIVELINESS gaysty, ' animation,
vivacity.
To loathe, see To DETEST.
To LOITEB to lag, linger, saun-
ter.
Loneliness, see RETIREMENT.
Loquacious, see GARRULOUS.
Lordliness, see ARROGANCE.
Lordly, see IMPERIOUS.
Lucid, see LUMINOUS.
LUDICBOUS laughable, ridicu-
lous.
Luggage, see PLTTNDEB.
LUMINOUS lucid.
Lunacy, sea INSANITY.
M.
Madness, see INSANITY.
MAGISTERIAL Dogmatical, arro-
gant.
MAGNANIMITY generosity.
Magnificent, see GRAND.
To maintain, see To ASSERT.
MAJORITY plurality.
Malady, see DISEASE.
MALEDICTION curse, impreca-
tion, execration.
Malevolent, see MALICE.
MALICE malevolence, malignity.
Malice, see SPITE.
Malignity, see MALICE.
Manful, see MANLY.
Mania, see INSANITY.
MANIFEST clear, plain, obvious,
evident.
MANLY manful.
Manner, see METHOD.
Marine, see MARITIME.
MARITIME marine.
MARRIAGE matrimony.
M ARTIAL warlike.
MARVELLOUS wonderful.
MASSACRE butchery, carnage.
Maternal, see MOTHERLY.
Matrimony, see MARRIAGE.
MATURE ripe.
Maxim, see APHORISM, also AX-
IOM.
Maze, see LABYRINTH.
Mean, see BASE.
To meditate, see To COXTEM-
PLATE.
Meek, see GENTLE.
Melody, see HARMONY.
Member, see LIMB.
MEMORY remembrance, recollec-
tion, reminiscence.
Menace, see THREAT.
MERCANTILE commercial.
Mercenary, see VENAL.
Mercy, see GRACE.
METHOD mode, manner.
Middle, see MIDST.
MIDST middle.
Mild, see GENTLE.
M INUTE circumstantial, partic-
ular.
MISCHIEF damage, harm.
Miserly, see AVARICIOUS
Misfortune, see AFFLICTION.
To MISLEAD to delude.
To mitigate, see To ALLEVIATB.
To MITIGATE to assuage.
MOB populace.
To mock, see To DERIDE.
Mode, see METHOD.
Modest, see BASHFUL.
Modesty, see HUMILITY.
MOMENT instant.
Monastery, see CLOISTER.
MONKY cash.
Monomania, see INSANITY.
MOODY gloomy.
SYNONYMOUS WOEDS.
MORBID diseased.
MOREOVEB besides.
Mortification,
MOTHEBLY maternal.
Motion, see MOVEMENT.
MOTIVE inducement, reason.
To mourn, see To DEPLOKB.
MOVEMENT motion.
Multitude, see THRONG.
Munificent, see BENEVOLEKT.
To murder, see To KILL.
To muse, see To PONIEK.
MUTK silent, dumb.
Mutual, see RECIPROCAL.
M OTUAL common.
N.
NAME appellation, title, denom-
ination.
Narration, see ACCOUNT.
Narrative, see ACCOUNT.
NASTY wet, filthy, foul, dirty.
Natal, see NATIVE.
Nation, see PEOPLE.
NATIVE natural, natal.
Natural, see NATIVE.
Nautical, see NAVAL.
NAVAL nautical.
Necessity, see NEED*
NEED necessity.
Nefarious, see INIQUITOUS.
Neglect, see NEGLIGENCE.
To neglect, see To SLIGHT.
NEGLIGENCE Neglect.
NEIGHBOURHOOD vicinity.
Neighbouring, see ADJOINING.
Nevertheless, see HOWEVEB.
New, see NOVEL;
News, see TIDINGS.
NICE pleasing.
Niggardly, see AVARICIOUS.
Nimble, see ACTIVE.
NOISOME noxious.
NORMAL regular, ordinary.
To notice, see To REMARK.
To nourish, see To NURTURE.
NOVEL new.
Noxious, see NOISOME.
To nullify, see To ABOLISH.
Nunnery, see CLOISTBB.
To NURTURE to nourish, to
cherish.
O.
OBDURATE callous hardened.
OBJECTIVE subjective.
OBLIGING kind, complaisant.
Obscurity, see DARKNESS.
OBSEQUIOUS attentive, yield-
ing.
OBSERVANCE observation.
Observation, see OBSERVANCE.
To observe, see To REMARK.
Obsolete, see ANCIENT.
Obstacle, see IMPEDIMENT.
OBSTINACY pertinacity.
Obstinate, see STUBBORN.
OBSTRUCTION obstacle.
To obtain, see To ATTAIN.
To OBTRUDE to intrude.
Obvious, see APPARENT, also MANI-
FEST.
Occasion, see OPPORTUNITY.
Odd, see QUAINT.
ODIUM hatred.
Officious, see IMPERTINENT.
Offset, see SET OFF.
ON a boat in a boat.
Open, see INGENUOUS.
Opinion, see SENTIMENT.
Opponent, see ADVERSARY.
OPPORTUNITY occasion.
OPTION choice.
Oration, see HABANGUB.
Ordinary, see NORMAL.
ORDINARY common.
ORIGIN source.
To ornament, see To ADORN.
Ostentation, see PARADE.
OUGHT should.
Outline, see SKETCH.
OVER one's signature, &c. under
one's signature, &c.
To overthrow, see To DEMOLISH.
To overturn, see To ABOLISH, also
To DEMOLISH.
P.
PAGAN gentile, heathen.
Painting, see PICTURE.
PAIR flight, set.
To PALLIATE to extenuate.
Paltry, see CONTEMPTIBLE.
Panegyric, see EULOGY.
Pang, see AGOXY.
Pantaloons, see TBOWSERS.
PARADE ostentation.
Pardon, see FORGIVENESS.
Parsimonious, see AVARICIOUS.
Parsimony, see ECONOMY.
Part, see PORTION, also SECTION.
Particular, see MINUTE.
Passage, see VESTIBULE.
PASSION feeling.
PATIENCE resignation.
PATRON patroon.
Pauperism, see POVERTY.
Pause, see CESSATION.
PEACEABLE peaceful.
Peaceful, see PEACEABLE.
PECULIAR special, especial.
Penetration, see DISCERNMENT,
also SAGACITY.
Penurious j see AVARICIOUS.
PKOPLE nation.
To PERCEIVE to discern.
Perception, see SENSATION.
Peril, see DANGER.
To PERJURE to forswear.
Permanent, see LASTING.
Permission, see LIBERTY.
To permit, see To ADMIT.
To PERMIT to allow.
Perpetual, see Continual.
To perplex, see To EMBARRASS.
To PERSEVERE to continue, per-
sist.
To persist, see To PERSEVERE.
Perspicuity, see CLEARNESS.
To persuade, see To CONVINCE.
Pertinacity, see OBSTINACY.
PERVERSE froward.
Pervert, see CONVERT.
Phraseology, see DICTIOIT
PICTURE painting.
PIECE distance.
Piety, see RELIGION.
Pilgrimage, sec JOURNET.
PILLAGE plunder.
PIQUE spite.
Pitiful, see CONTEMPTIBLE.
PITY sympathy.
To place, see To PUT.
Plain, see APPARENT, also MANI-
FEST.
Plan, see SCHEMK.
PLEASANT pleasing, agreeable.
Pleasing, see NICE, also PLEAS-
ANT.
Pledge, see EARNEST.
Plenteous, set AMPLE.
Plenteousness, see ABUNDANCE.
Plenty, tee EXUBERANCE.
PLUNDER baggage, luggage.
Plunder, see PILLAGE.
Plurality, see MAJORITY.
POISON venom.
Policy, see POLITY.
POLITY policy.
Poltroon, see COWAKD.
To PONDER to consider, to muse*
Populace, see MOB.
PORTION part.
To PpssRSs to have.
Possible, see PRACTICABLE.
To postpone, see To ADJOURN.
Posture, see ATTITUDE.
POVERTY indigence, pauperism.
PRACTICABLE possible.
To Praise, see To CELEBRATP.
To PRAISE to extol.
PRECARIOUS uncertain.
PRECEDENT example.
Preceding, see ANTECEDENT, also
ANTERIOR.
Precise, see ACCURATE, also FOR-
MAL.
Preciseness, see PRECISION.
PRECISION preciseness.
Predicament, see CATEGORY.
To PREDICATE to found.
To prefer, see To CHOOSE.
Preposterous, see ABSURD.
Prerogative, see PRIVILEGE.
PRESENT on hand, at hand.
Present, see DONATION.
To preserve, ses To KEEP.
PRETENCE pretext.
Preternatural, see SUPERNATURAL.
Pretext, see PRETENCE.
Pretty, see BEAUTIFUL.
To PREVARICATE to evade, equi-
vocate.
Previous, see ANTECEDENT, also
ANTERIOR.
PRIDE vanity.
Primitive, see ANCIENT.
Prior, see ANTECEDENT.
Priory, see CLOISTER.
PRIVILEGE prerogative.
PROBITY integrity.
Proceeding, see TRANSACTION.
To proclaim, see To ANNOUNCE.
Prodigal, see PROFUSE.
Profligate, see ABANDONED.
PROFUSE lavish, prodigal.
To PROHIBIT to forbid.
PROJECT design.
PROLIX diffuse.
Prompt, see ACTIVE.
PROMPT ready.
To pronounce, see To DELIVER.
Pronunciation, see ARTICULATION.
Proof, see TESTIMONY.
PROPITIOUS auspicious.
PROPORTION Symmetry.
To prorogue, see To ADJOUEN.
Proselyte, see CONVERT.
Prosperous, see FORTUNATE.
To protect, see To DEFEND.
To protest, see To AFFIRM.
To prove, see To ARGUE.
To provoke, sec To IRRITATE.
Prudence, see WISDOM.
Prying, see INQUISITIVE.
To publish, see To ANNOUNCE.
PUERILE youthful, juvenile.
To punish, see To CHASTISE.
Pupil, see SCHOLAR.
Purpose, see DESIGN.
I To pursue, see To FOLLOW.
| To PUT to place.
j To puzzle, see To EMBARRASS.
xxu
QUAINT strange, odd, whimsical.
QUALIFIED competent.
Qualified, see APT.
To QUESTION to inquire, inter-
rogate.
Quick, see ACTIVE.
To QUIT to leave.
To QUOTE to cite.
B.
RACY spicy. 4
RADICAL entire.
Rage, see ANGER.
To RAISE to grow, rear.
To rally, sec To BANTER.
RAMPART bulwark.
RANCOUR enmity.
RARE scarce.
RASH adventurous, foolhardy.
Rashness, see TEMERITY.
RATIONAL reasonable.
To raze, see To DEMOLISH.
Readiness, see FACILITY.
Ready, see PROMPT.
REAL actual.
To rear, see To RAISE.
Reason, see MOTIVE.
Reasonable, see RATIONAL.
REBEL insurgent.
Rebellion, see INSURRECTION.
To rebuke, see To ADMONISH.
Rebuke, see REPROOF.
To RECANT to renounce.
To RECEIVE to accept.
RECIPROCAL mutual.
Recital, see ACCOUNT.
To reckon, sea To GUESS.
To recognise, see To ACKNOW-
LEDGE.
Recollection, see MEMORY.
RECOVERY restoration.
To rectify, see To AMEND.
RECTITUDE justice.
Referee, see JUDGE.
To reform, see To AMEND.
Reform, see REFORMATION.
REFORMATION reform.
To refute, see To CONFUTE.
Regal, see KINGLY.
Regard, see RESPECT.
Register, see LIST.
REGRET remorse, repentance.
Regular, see NORMAL.
Regulation, see LAW.
To REITERATE -to repeat.
RELIGION piety, sanctity.
To relinquish, see To ABANDON,
also To RESIGN.
Reluctance, see AVERSION.
Reluctant, see AVERSE.
REMAINDER balance.
To REMARK to observe, notice.
Remembrance, see MEMORY.
Reminiscence, see MEMORY.
To REMONSTRATE to expostu-
late.
Remorse, see COMPUNCTION.
To renounce, see To RECANT.
Renowned, see FAMOUS.
Repartee, see RETORT.
To REPEAL to revoke.
To repeal, see To ABOLISH.
To repeat, see To REITERATE.
Repentance, see CONTRITION.
Repetition, see TAUTOLOGY.
REPLY rejoinder, answer.
Repose, see REST.
fteprimand, see REPROOF.
SYNONYMOUS WOKDS.
To reprimand, see To ADMONISH.
Reprobate, see ABANDONED.
REPROOF rebuke, reprimand.
To reprove, see To ADMONISH.
Repugnance, see AVERSION.
To request, see To DESIRE.
Resentment, see ANGER.
RESENTMENT anger.
To RESIGN to relinquish.
Resignation, see PATIENCE.
Resolution, see DETERMINATION.
Respect, see DEFERENCE.
RRSPF.CT regard.
REST repose.
Rest, see CESSATION.
Restoration, see RECOVERY.
To restore, see To RETURN.
Restraint, see COMPULSION.
Result, see CONSEQUENCE.
To retain, see To KEEP.
Retirement, see SOLITUDE.
RETORT repartee.
To RETURN to restore.
To reveal, see To COMMUNICATE.
To REVEAL to divulge.
To revenge, see To AVENGE,
To revoke, see To REPEAL.
Revolt, see INSURRECTION.
RIDE drive.
To ridicule, see To DERIDE.
Ridiculous, see LUDICROUS.
Ripe, see MATURE.
Risk, see DANGER.
Rivalry, see EMULATION.
ROAD way. street, highway.
Robber, see THIEF.
ROBUST strong.
ROCK stone.
Roll, see LIST.
Romantic, see SENTIMENTAL.
RURAL rustic.
Rustic, see RURAL.
SABBATH Sunday.
SACRAMENT eucharist.
Sadness, see SORROW.
Sagacious, see SHREWD.
SAGACITY penetration.
SALE BY AUCTION sale at auc-
tion.
SALUTATION greeting, salute.
Salute, see SALUTATION.
Sample, see SPECIMEN.
Sanctity, see RELIGION.
To SATIATE to satisfy, content.
Satire, see LAMPOON.
To satisfy, see To SATIATE.
Sauciness, see IMPUDENCE.
To saunter, see To LOITEB.
Savage, see FEROCIOUS.
Scarce, see RARE.
Sceptic, see INFIDEL.
SCHEDULE catalogue, list.
SCHEME plan.
Schismatic, see HERETIC.
SCHOLAR pupil.
SCIENCE literature, art.
To scoff, see To SNEER.
To scorn, see To CONTEMN.
Seclusion, see SOLITUDE.
Secret, see HID.
To secrete, see To CONCEAL.
Sectarian, see HERETIC.
SECTION part.
Sedition, see INSURRECTION.
To seduce, see To ALLURE.
To SEEM to appear, should seem,
would seem.
Self-conceit, see EGOTISM.
Selfishness, see SELF-LOVE.
SELF-LOVE selfishness.
SENSATION perception.
SENSE understanding.
SENSIBLE intelligent.
SENTIMENT opinion, feelingf.
SENTIMENTAL romantic.
SEPARATION divorce.
SERF slave.
Serious, see GRAVK.
Set, see PAIR.
SET-OFF offset.
Severe, see STRICT.
Sharper, see SWINDLER.
SHINING brilliant, sparkling.
SHOCK concussion.
Shop, see STORE.
Should, see OUGHT.
Should seem, see To SEEM.
SHREWD sagacious.
To shun, see To AVOID.
SHY coy.
Sickness, see ILLNESS.
Silent, see MUTE, also TACITUBN,
SILLY- simple, stupid.
Simple, see STUPID.
Sin, see CRIME.
Sincere, see HEARTY.
Situation, see STATE.
SKETCH outline, delineation.
Skill, see ABILITY.
SKILL dexterity.
To slander, see To ASPERSE.
Slave, see SERF.
To SLIGHT to neglect.
SLOW tardy, dilatory.
Sluggish, see INERT.
Sly, sec CUNNING.
SMART clever.
To SNEER to scoff,
Sober, see GRAVE.
Solace, see COMFORT.
SOLECISM barbarism.
Solemn, see GRAVE.
To solicit, see To BESEECH.
SOLID hard.
SOLITUDE retirement, seclusion,
loneliness.
SOME somewhat.
SORROW grief, sadness.
Sorrow, sec AFFLICTION, also GBIEF.
SORT kind.
Source, see ORIGIN.
SPACIOUS ample, capacious.
Sparkling, see SHINING.
Special, see PECULIAR.
SPECIMEN example.
Speech, see HARANGUE, also LAN-
GUAGE.
Speed, see HASTE.
Spicy, see RACY.
SPITE malice.
Spite, see PIQUE.
SPONTANEOUS voluntary.
Sprightly, see ACTIVE.
Spruce, see FINICAL.
Squeamish, see FASTIDIOUS.
To stare, see To GAZE.
STATE situation, condition.
STATION Depot.
Statute, see LAW.
Stipulation, see CONTRACT.
Stone, see ROCK.
To stop, see To ARREST.
Stop, see CESSATION.
STORE -shop.
STORM tempest.
STOUT corpulent.
Strange, see QUAINT.
STREAM current.
Street, see ROAD.
Strength, see JFoRCB.
STRICT severe.
Strife, see CONTEST.
Strong, see KOBUST.
Struggle, sec ENDEAVOUB.
STUBBORN obstinate.
Stupid, see SIMPLE.
Style, see DICTION.
To subdue, see To CONQUER.
Subject, see LIABLE.
Subjective, see OBJECTIVE.
To subjoin, see To ADD.
To subjugate, see To CONQUER.
Sublime, see GRAND.
SUBLIMITY grandeur.
To subside, see To ABATE.
SUBSIDY- tribute.
SUBTILE acute.
To subvert, see To ABOLISH.
To succeed, see To FOLLOW.
Successful, see FORTUNATE.
SUGGESTION hint .
Suitable, see APT.
Summary, see ABRIDGMENT.
Sunday, see SABBATH.
SUPERNATURAL preternatural.
SUPERSTITION fanaticism.
To supplicate, see To BESEECH.
To surrender, see To ABANDON.
Suspicious, see JEALOUS.
SWINDLER sharper.
Symmetry, see PROPORTION.
Sympathy, see PITY.
SYMPATHY commiseration.
SYNONYMOUS identical.
Synopsis, see ABRIDGMENT.
T.
TACITURN silent.
Talent, see ABILITY, also GENIUS.
Talk, see CONVERSATION.
Talkative, see GARRULOUS.
Tame, see GENTLK.
To TANTALISE to disappoint.
Tardy, see SLOW,
Tartness, sec ACRIMONY.
TASTE sensibility, judgment.
To taunt, see To DERIDE.
TAUTOLOGY repetition .
To teach, see To LEARN.
Teaching; see EDUCATION.
To TEASK to vex.
Tedious, see IRKSOME.
TEMERITY rashness.
Temperance, see ABSTINENCE.
Tempest, see STORM.
Temporizing, see TIME-SERVING.
Tendency, see DISPOSITION.
TENEMENT house.
Tenet, see DOGMA.
TERM word.
TERSE concise.
TEST trial.
TESTIMONY proof, evidence.
THSJU therefore.
SYNONYMOUS WORDS.
THEORY hypothesis.
There, see THITHER.
Therefore, see THEN.
THIEF robber.
To think, see To EXPECT, also To
xxiii
THITHER there.
THOUGH although; see also
WHILE.
THOUGHTFUL considerate.
THREAT menace.
Threatening, see IMMINENT.
THRONG multitude, crowd.
TIDINGS news.
TIME-SERVING temporizing.
To tire, see To JADE.
Title, see EPITHET, also NAME.
TON tun.
Too, see LIKEWISE.
Total, see COMPLETE.
Tour, see JODRNEY.
TOWARD towards.
Town, see VILLAGE.
Trace, see VESTIGE.
TRAIN cars.
TRANSACTION proceeding.
TRANSCENDENTAL empirical.
Transient, see FLEETING.
Transitory, see FLEETING.
TRANSLUCENT transparent.
Transparency, see CLEARNESS.
Transparent, see IRANSLUCENT.
Trial, see TEST, also ATTEMPT.
Tribute, see SUBSIDY.
Trouble, see AFFLICTION.
TROWSERS pantaloons.
To TRY to attempt.
Tun, see TON.
Tyrannical, see ARBITRARY.
U.
Ultimate, see FINAL.
Umpire, see JUDGE.
Unbelief, see DISBELIEF.
Unbeliever, see INFIDEL.
Uncertain, see PRECARIOUS.
Uncouth, see AWKWARD.
Under one's signature, &c., see
OVER.
UNION unity.
Unity, see UNION.
Universal, see GENERAL.
UNLESS except.
Unlimited, see ARBITRARY.
Unnatural, see FACTITIOUS.
Untruth, see LIE.
USAGE custom.
To USE to employ.
Usefulness, see UTILITY.
USELESS fruitless, ineffectual.
UTILITY usefulness.
To utter, see To DELIVER.
V.
VACANT empty.
To vacillate, see To FLUCTUATE.
Valour, see HEROISM.
To vaJue, see To APPRECIATE.
Vanity, see EGOTISM, also PRIDE.
To vanquish, see To CONQUER.
VE NAL mercenary .
Veneration, see AWE.
Venom, see POISON.
VEST waistcoat.
VESTIBULE hall, passage.
VESTAGE trace.
To vex, see To TEASE.
Vexation, see CHAGRIN.
Vice, see CRIME.
Vicinity, see NEIGHBOURHOOD.
Vile, see BASE.
VILLAGE, hamlet, town, city.
Visionary, see FANCIFUL.
Vivacity, see LIVELINESS.
Volatility, see LEVITY.
VOLITION choice.
Voluntary, see SPONTANEOUS.
W.
Waistcoat, see VEST.
Want, see INDIGENCE,
Warlike, see MARTIAL.
To warn, see To ADMONISH.
Wary, see CAUTIOUS.
To waver, see To FLUCTUATE.
Way, see EOAD.
Weapon, see ARMS.
To weary, see To JADE.
Wet, see NASTY.
Where, see WHITHER.
WHILE though.
WHIM freak.
Whimsical, see ODD.
WHITHER where.
Whole, see COMPLETE.
Wicked, see, INIQUITOUS.
Wily, see CUNNING.
To win, see To GAIN.
WISDOM prudence.
WIT humour.
Wonderful, see MARVELLOUS.
Word, see TERM.
Would seem, see To SEEM.
Wrangle, see ALTERCATION.
Wrath, see ANGER.
Y.
Yet, see HOWEVER.
Yielding, sea OBSEQUIOUS.
Youthful. sw PUERIIJB.
KEY
TO THE SOUNDS OF THE POINTED LETTEES.
%* The Key here is repeated for convenience of reference. Those who use this volume will find
themselves greatly aided iu this respect to the pronunciation if they will devote a single half hour to a
thorough examination of the Eemarks on the Key,
VOWELS.
KEGULAR LONG AND SHORT SOUNDS.
LONG A a, as in fame; e as in mete; I I, as in fine; o, as in note; 00 [Ger. U], as in moon ;
tT u, as in mute ; Y y , as in .fly.
SHORT A a, as in fat; E g, as in met; 1 1, as in fin; 5, as in not; 09 99 (short oo), as in foot; tT u, as
in but; Y y, as in any.
EEGULAR DIPHTHONGAL SOUNDS.
PROPER DIPHTHONG OI or OY (unmarked), as in toil, join, foil, boy, coy, toy.
PROPER DIPHTHONG OW (unmarked), as in now, plow. When irregular, the sound is marked, as in
tow, sow.
PROPER DIPHTHONG OU (unmarked), as in pound. When irregular, the word is re-spelled, as in route
(root).
IMPROPER DIPHTHONGS. In these, the vowel which is sounded is marked, as in dim, clean, ceil, peopla
(but this is unnecessary in respect to ee, as in feel). Often they are re-spelled. So also of triph-
thongs.
OCCASIONAL VOWEL SOUNDS.
Examples.
A as in care AIR, SHARE, PAIR, BEAR.
A Italian FATHER, FAR, BALM, PATH.
A as in last ASK, GRASS, DANCE, BRANCH.
A as in all CA.LL, TALK, HAUL, SWARM.
A as in what WAN, WANTON, WALLOW.
like a THRE, niiR, WH&RE, RE.
as in term VJLRGE, VERDURE, PREFER.
I like long e PIQUE, MACHINE, MIEN.
1 as in bird FiRM, VIRGIN, Dtai.
.Examples.
O like short u..... .......... D6vE, s6N, DONE, w<5nM.
O like long oo ................ PROVE, DO, MOVE, TOMB.
Q like short oo .............. WQLF, W9LSET.
QO (short oo) ...............
BQOK, W99L, WQOD.
tr long, preceded by r...RuDE, RUMOUR, RURAL.
U like 99 (short oo) ...... BULL, PJJT, pysn, PULL.
E (italic), marks a) -p ATTVNr Tniri 5.
letter as silent ........ f FALLEN, TOKEN.
CONSONANTS.
C c soft (unmarked), like s sharp.. .CEDE, MERCY.
G -e hard, like fe -GALL, -GARRY.
CH ch (unmarked), like tsh CHILD, CHOOSE.
CHch soft, like sh MACHINE, CHAISE.
H -eh hard, like/: HORUS, EPO^H.
G g hard (unmarked) Go, GALLANT.
(jgsoft, likej GENTLE, AGED.
S s sharp (unmarked) SAME, GAS.
S s o/t, like z HAS, AMUSE.
Examples.
TH th sharp (unmarked) THING, PATH.
THth.#ator vocal , THINE, THEIR.
N G likeng LONG G ER, CONG G RESS.
PH like/ (unmarked) PHAETON, SYLPH.
QU like few (unmarked) QUEEN, INQUIRY.
WH like hit) (unmarked)... WHEN, WHILE.
%* The double accent ["], in such words as i"cious,
fictitious, &c., shows that the subsequent c or i
has the sound of sh.
EXPLANATIONS.
ABBREVIATIONS.
a. stands for adjective.
acl. , adverb.
comp. , comparative.
con. , conjunction.
exclam. , exclamation or interjection.
/. , feminine.
m. masculine.
n. name or noun.
obs. obsolete.
pl plural.
pp. participle passive.
PP 7 "- >> participle present.
prep. ,, preposition.
pret. , preterit tense.
proR. , pronoun.
SYN. , synonyms.
v. i. , verb intransitive.
v. t. verb transitive.
PRONUNCIATION.
Xespelling for Pronunciation. (I.) In respelling
the French en, on, &c., the letters ng are designed
simply to mark the vowel as nasal, and are not to be
pronounced themselves.
(2.) The respelling of a word, when a number of
related words follow, applies to all of them down to
some other word which is respelled.
(3.) Compound words which are not respelled or
otherwise marked, are to be pronounced like the
simple words of which they are composed ; but of
and with at the end of compounds, as liereof, here-
with, have their final consonants sounded as in do/f.
smith.
References. The figures which immediately follow
certain words in the vocabulary refer to sections in
the Remarks on the Key.
DICTIONARY
OF THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
I, fi, &c., long. A, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
.', WOLF, BOOK; KCLE, BULL; Vl"CIOL T S.
A is the first letter of the alphabet in most known
** languages. It is probably the first letter, be-
cause it represents the first sound naturally made
by the human organs of speech.
A, called the indefinite article, is a contraction of
the Aimio-Saxon an, one, and is used before words
beginning with a consonant, or loi:
A, as a prefix to many English words, is equivalent
to the prepositions in or on, as asleep, afoot ; and
also when used before participles, as a-/
nt in words derived from the Greek, it
signifies privation, or negation; as, amorphous;
and in those from the Latin, it denotes separation,
bract,
AA-RON'LG, ) a. Pertaining to Aaron or his
AA-RON're-AL,} priestly office.
AB, a prefix to words of Latin origin denoting sepa-
ration.
A-BACK', ad. Back, as when the sails of a ship are
pressed by the wind against the mast ; backward.
Taken aback, taken by surprise.
Al> A-t'US, 7i. The crowning member of a column ;
a contrivance for comp-
A-BAFT' (6), ad. orprep. Toward the stern of a ship.
AB-AL'IEN-ATE, v. t. To transfer the title of pro-
perty
A-BAN'DOX v. t. To give up wholly and finally, or
with a view never to resume. SYN. To relin-
quish ; forsake ; desert ; surrender ; leave ; fore-
go. We leave what we may again resume, as an
employment; we abandon what we give up finally,
/uisTi what we have prized or
sought, as a claim or hopes; we desert what we
ought to adhere to, as duty; we surrender (usually
under a necessity) what we have held as our own
or in trust, as a fortress; we renounce a thing pub-
licly or as a duty, as allegiance or t?ie world; we
forego an enjoyment; we forsake what we have fre-
quented, as society.
A-BAN'DONED (a-ban'dund.) pp. or a. Given up
entirely ; very wicked. SYN. Forsaken ; de-
serted ; profligate ; depraved ; corrupt ; reprobate.
A reprobate is one so utterly abandoned as to
leave no hope of his recovery ; a profligate is one
who is openly and shamelessly wicked ; a man may
be corrupt or depraved in heart withe u 1 : showing it
in his outward life, and hence he may not be for-
saken or deserted by the virtuous.
A-BAN-DON-EE', n. One to whom a thing is
. abandoned.
A-BAN'DON-ER, n. One who abandons.
A-BAN'DON-MENT, n. Entire desertion; final
giving up.
AB-AIl-TKJ-t-LATION, n. That structure of
joints which admits of motion.
A-BASE', v. t. To bring low, as to the ground ;
to cast down ; to humble greatly. SYN. To de-
press; degrade; reduce; humiliate.
ABD
T\LL, WHAT; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
A-BASE'MENT, n. The act of bringing very low.
SYN. Humiliation ; depression ; degradation.
Abasement is a humbling, as of the proud; de-
basement is a corrupting, as of coin ; depression is a
sinking down, as of S2)irits; degradation is a bring-
ing down from a higher rank or grade, as of a peer,
A-BASH', v. t. To strike with sudden shame or
fear. SYN. To confuse ; confound. "We are con-
fused when we lose our self-possession ; we are
confounded when our faculties are overwhelmed
and brought to a stand.
A-BAS'ING, a. Very humbling.
A-BATE', v. t. Literally, to break or pull down ;
hence, to reduce ; to diminish; to lessen; to cause
to fail, as a writ ; to destroy, as a nuisance.
A-BAT'A-BLE, a, That may or can be abated.
A-BATE', v. i. To decrease ; to fail, as a writ.
SYN. To decline; subside; diminish. L<:.
crease, diminish, refer to quantity or size ;
is to fall off ; abate supposes previous violence, as
the storm abates; subside previous commotion, as
the tunmlt subsides.
A-BATE'-MENT, n. Act of abating ; decrease ; a
remitting, as of a tax ; failure, as of a writ ; the
removing of a nuisance. SYN. Lessening ; de-
cline ; deduction ; reduction ; mitigation ; dimi-
nution ; discount.
AB'A-TIS, ~)n. Branches of trees sharpened and
AB'AT-TIS, $ turned outward for defence.
A-BAT-T01R' (a-bat-wor 7 ), n. [Fr.] A slaughter-
house.
AB'BA, n. A Syriac name for father. [abbot.
AB'BA-CY, n. The condition or privileges of an
* Belonging to an abbey.
AB'BE (ab-by), n. [Fr.] Originally, an abbot ; but
now an ecclesiastic without a charge, devoted to
toachirtg, literature, &c.
AB'BESS, n. The governess of a nunnery.
AB'BEY (ab-by), n. ; pi. ABBEYS. A residence of
monks or nuns ; the dwelling of an a:
church attached to a monastery, as Westminster
Abbey. SYN. Monastery; cloister; convent; nun-
nery ; priory. The distinctions will be found uu-
der the several words.
AB'BOT, n. The head of a society of monks.
AB-BE'VI-ATE, v. t. To bring within less space;
to shorten. SYX. To abridge; contract; curtail;
compress ; condense.
AB-BRE-VI-A'TIOX (-a-shun), n. The act of short-
ening ; a contraction, as Gen. for Gt
AB-BEE'VI-A-TOE, n. One who abridges or reduces
to a smaller compass.
AB'DEE-ITE, n. An inhabitant of Abdera.
AB'DI-ATE, v. t. To give up or abandon; to with-
draw from (as an office) with or without formal
resignation. SYN. To relinquish ; renounce; for-
sake ; quit i
ABD 2 ABR
, &c., sn<jrt. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALI, WHAT; THERE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
AB-LA-6-TA'TION, n. A weaning of a child from
the breast : method of grafting by approach or in-
arching.
AB-LA-QUE-A'TION, n. Opening the ground about
the roots of trees.
AB'LA-TIVE, a. or n. Denoting what takes away ;
applied to the last case of Latin nouns.
A-BLAZE', ad. In a blaze ; highly excited.
A'BLE (a^l), a. Having competent power or skill ;
capable of doing. SYN. Strong ; powerful ; effi-
L, fi, &c., lon;. i,
AB'DI-ATE, v. i. To relinquish an office, with or
without resigning.
AB-DI-GA'TION, n. The abandonment of a public
office with or without a formal surrender.
&B'DI-A-TIVE, o. Causing or implying abdica-
tion.
AB-DO'MEN, or AB'DOMEN, n. The lower part of
the belly.
AB-DOM'IN-AL, a. Pertaining to the abdomen.
AB-DOM'IN-ALS, n. pi. A class of fish like salmon,
&c., with ventral fins behind the pectoral.
AB-DOM'IN-OUS, a. Having a big belly.
AB-DOCE', v. t. To separate ; to draw away ; used
chiefly in anatomy.
AB-DCCT', v. t. To take away by stealth, or by un-
lawful force.
AB-DU!'TION (-shun), n. A drawing or carrying
away, especially of a person, by stealth or force.
AB-DD'TOE, n. The muscle which pulls back ; a
person guilty of abduction.
A-BE-CE-DA'EI-AN, n. One who teaches or is
learning the alphabet.
A-BED', ad. In bed ; on the bed.
A-BEE'DE-VlNE, n . A bird allied to the goldfinch ;
the European siskin.
AB-EE'EANT, a. Wandering; straying from the
proper way.
AB-EE-EA'TION (ab-er-ra'shun), n. Act of wan-
dering ; deviation from a right line ; alienation of
mind ; apparent change in the place of a star.
A-BET', v. t. To encourage or incite by aid or coun-
tenance ; used chiefly in a bad sense. I
encourage or assist in a criminal act. SYN. To
aid ; support ; sustain ; help ; assist ; favour :
further ; succour ; promote.
A-BET'MENT, ) n. The act of encouraging; sup-
A-BET'TING, j port.
A-BET-TOE, n. One who aids or encourages.
SYN. An abettor incites to a crime ; an accomplice
takes part in it ; an accessory is involved in it by
giving countenance or aid.
A-BEY'ANCE (a-ba'aiice), n. 1. ; ting; H
state of suspension or temporary extinction, with
the expectation of a revival.
AB-HOE', v. t. Literally, to regard with horror ; to
dislike or hate bitterly. SYN. To detest ; loathe ;
abominate ; shudder at.
AB-HOE'EENCE, n. Detestation ; great hatred.
AB-HOE'EENT, a. Inconsistent with ; detesting.
AB-HOE'EEE, 71. One who hates a thing greatly.
A'BIB, n. The first month of the Jewish year.
A-BIDE', v. i. [pret. and pp. ABODE.] To continue
in a place or dwell ; to continue firm or stable, as
to abide for ever. SYN. To sojourn; reside; stay,
tarry ; remain ; hold to ; persist in.
A-BIDE', v. t. Literally, to stand firm tinder ; to
endure or bear without shrinking ; to await firmly,
as to abide or bide one's time.
A-BID'EE, n. One who dwells or continues.
A-BID'ING, ppr. or a. Lasting; permanent; fixed.
A-BID'ING-LY, ad. In a manner to continue.
A-B1L'I-TY, n. Power to act, whether bodily, men-
tal, or legal. In the plural, abilities is used for in-
tellectual capacity. SYN. Force ; might ; potency ;
; po
effic
r ility ; talent ; skill ; dexterity ; efficiency ;
address. As to mental powers, ability is the gene-
ric term ; capacity is the power of easily gaining
or retaining knowledge ; talent is the power of
executing ; dexterity, skill, and address relate to ease
of execution.
AB IN-I"TIO (-Ish'e-o). [L.] From the beginning.
AB'JET, a. Literally, cast off ; sunk very low ;
despicable. SYN. Mean ; worthless ; base ; gro-
veiling ; debased ; n. One in a miserable state.
AB'JEfJT-LY, ad. Meanlv : wretchedly baselv
AB'JET-NESS, n. A mean or low state ; base-
ness.
AB-JU-EA'TION, n. The act of renouncing under
oath, or solemnly.
AB-JCEE', v. t. To renounce under oath, or with
great solemnity.
AB-JOE'EE, n. One who abjures.
cient ; effective ; mighty ; skilful ; dexterous.
A'BLE-BODIL'D (-bod-id), a. Eobust when ap-
plied to seamen, skilled in service. [or washing.
AB-LO'TION (ab-lu'shun), n. The act of cleansing
A'BLY, ad. With ability or skill.
AB-NOEM'AL, a. Against rule ; irregular.
AB-NOEM'I-TY, n. State of being irregular.
A-BOAED', ad. In a vessel ; on board.
A-BODE', 11. State or place of residence. SYN.
Dwelling ; continuance ; habitation ; domicile.
A-BOL'ISH, v. t. To do away with utterly ; to put
an end to ; to make void. SYN. To subvert ;
overturn ; destroy ; nullify ; abrogate ; annul ; re-
peal. Abolish, subvert, overturn, and destroy, ex-
press under different images the same idea, that
of doing wholly away with. We abrogate and an-
nul by an authoritative act, as customs or a treaty,
&c. ; we repeat by a legislative act, as If
nullify when we set laws, &c., aside without their
being repealed.
A-BOL'ISH-A-BLE, a. That may be destroyed.
A-BOL'ISH-EE, n. One who abolishes.
AB-O-L1"TION (-lish'im), n. A doing away with
finallv and for ever ; emancipation.
AB-O-LI"TION-ISM (-lish'un-izm), n. The prin-
ciples of an abolitionist.
AB-O-L1"TION-IST (lish'un-ist), n. One who fa-
vours abolition, especially the abolition of slavery.
A B-O-MA'SUM, ) n. The fourth stomach of a rumi-
AB-O-MA'SUS, ) nant animal ; the maw.
A-BOM'IN-A-BLE, a. Odious in the highest de-
gree. SYN. Execrable ; detestable ; loathsome ;
1 ; shocking.
IN-ATE, v. t. Literally, to turn from as
ominous of evil ; to hate utterly. SYN. To detest ;
loathe ; abhor ; shudder at.
A-BOM-IN-A'TION, n, Strong aversion or loath-
ing ; an object of hatred and disgust, as an idol.
AB-O-RKVIN-AL, a. First, or primitive.
AB-O-RlG'IN-Ey, n. pi. The original inhabitants of
a country. Aborli'tnals is not now in use.
A-BOE'TION, n. An untimely birth; that which
fails in its progress from being immature.
A-BOETIVE, a. Immature ; failing in its effect.
A-BOUND', v. i. To be in great plenty ; to be pre-
valent ; to possess in abundance, usually with i?i.
A-BOUT', prep. Near to ; relating to ; around.
A-BOTJT', ad. Around ; every way ; nearly.
A-BOVE' (a-biiv), prep. Higher than ; more than.
A-BOVE' ad. Overhead ; in a higher place.
A-BOVE'-BOAED (a-buv'bord), ad. Not concealed;
without trick or deception ; openly.
AB-EA-A-DAB'EA, n. A combination of letters
without sense, formerly used as a charm against
fevers ; hence, unmeaning babble.
AB-EADE' v. t. To v-nar off; to grate.
AB-EA'SION (ra'zhvn), W. A rubbing, or scraping
off ; substance worn off by attrition.
A-BEEAST' (a-brest'l, ad. Side by side ; in a line.
A-BREU-VOIR (a-broo-vwor 7 ), n. [JY.] A water-
ing-place ; the joint between stones in a wall.
A-BETDfiE , v. t. To bring within less space ; to
cut short ; to deprive of. SYN. To contract ;
shorten ; condense ; compress ; curtail ; lessen.
A-BEID6'MENT, n. A cutting off ; contraction or
diminution ; a work abridged. SYN. Eeduction ;
restriction ; restraint ; compend ; compendium ;
epitome ; summary ; abstract ; synopsis. A com-
pendium or ejntome is a condensed abridgment ; an
abstract or summary is a brief statement of a thing
in its main points a synopsis is a bird's-eye view
of a subject or work in its several parts.
ABR
ACA
, BOI?K ; RULE, irLL ; vl"cious. e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
A-BROACH', ad. Broached ; in a state for flowing
oiit ; diffused abroad ; in tap.
A-BROAD' (a-braud'), ad. Out; not at home ; in
another country ; widely spread ; publicly.
AB'EO-GATE, v. t. To set aside by an authoritative
act, as a treaty or custom ; to annul. SYN. To
repeal ; revoke ; rescind ; cancel.
AB-BO-GA TION, n. The act of annulling or setting
aside.
AB-BCPT, a. Literally, broken off; hence steep or
precipitous ; disconnected ; without due prepara-
tion ; hasty or uncivil. SYN. Sudden : bold ;
broken ; unconnected ; unceremonious ; craggy.
AB-ECPT'LY, ad. Suddenly ; unseasonably.
AB-ECPTNESS, n. Suddenness ; steepness ; great
haste.
AB'SCESS, n. A swelling containing pus.
AB-SC1ND', v. t. To cut off.
AB-SOND' v. i. To hide one's self; to disappear.
AB-SOND'EE, n. One who absconds.
AB-SOND'ING, a. Hiding from public view, as a
debtor.
AB'SENCE, n. A being absent, or not in a given
place; want, as absence of proof; non-appearance
in court ; inattention to things present, or absorp-
tion of thought.
AB'SENT, a. Not present ; lost in thought.
AB-SENT', v. t. To keep away ; to withdraw.
AB-SENT-EE', ") n. One who absents himself from
AB-SENT'EE, ) Ms usual or proper place, sta-
tion, country, etc.
AB-SENT-EE'ISM, n. Absence from one's country,
duty, or station.
AB-SlNTHE', n. A cordial of brandy tinctured
with wormwood.
AB-Sf N'THI-AN, a. Of the nature of wormwood.
AB'SO-LUTE, a. Literally, loose (absolutus), or free
from limitations, restrictions, etc. ; hence, without
check or restraint, as absolute power ; without con-
dition, as an absolute promise ; without deficiency
or failure, as absolute certainty, confidence, etc. ;
without relation to other things, as absolute space,
the case absolute in grammar. SYN. Unlimited;
arbitrary ; despotic ; tyrannical ; unconditional ;
positive ; certain ; unerring ; infallible.
AB'SO-LCTE-LY, ad. Positively ; arbitrarily.
AB'SO-LCTE-NESS, n. Completeness; arbitrary
power.
AB-SO-LpTION, n. Release from punishment ; a
pardoning. In the cano?i law, remission of sins
pronounced by a priest to a penitent.
AB'SO-LCT-ISM, n. Absolute government or its
principles.
AB-SO-LU-TIST'IC, a. Belonging to absolutism.
AB-SOL'C-TO-BY, a. Absolving; that absolves.
AB-SOLVE', v. t. Literally, to let loose from some-
tMng that binds, as allegiance, an engagement,
etc. ; to free ; to clear from blame ; to declare
free from punishment. SYN. To release ; set free ;
exonerate ; acquit. We speak of a man as absolved
from something that binds conscience, as guilt Gi-
rts consequences ; exonerated from some load, as
an imputation or debt, &c. ; acquitted with refer-
ence to a trial and a decision thereon.
AB->< iLV'EE, n. One who absolves.
AB-SOEB', v. t. Literally, to suck up or draw in,
like a sponge ; to swallow up, like a whirlpool ;
and hence to dissipate, as an estate ; to take up or
wholly occupy ; to engross, as one's time or atten-
tion.
AB-SORB-A-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being ab-
sorbed.
AB-SORB'A-BLE, a. That may be absorbed.
AB-Sf)RB'JED,> pp. Swallowed up ; wholly en-
AB-SOEPT' I grossed.
AB-SOEB'ENT, a. Sucking up ; imbibing.
AB-SOEB'ENT, n. A substance or bodily organ
which absorbs ; an antacid.
AB-SOEP'TION (sorp'shun), n. The act of sucking
up or drawing in ; state of being drawn in or
swallowed up ; state of being wholly engrossed in
mind or feelings.
AB-SOEPTIVE, a. Having power to absorb.
AB-STAIN', v. i. To keep from voluntarily, applied
chiefly to indulgences. SYN. To refrain.
AB-STETttl-OUS, a. Sparing in food or stron
AB-STE'MI-OUS-LY, ad. temperately ; sp
AB-STE'MI-OUS-NESS, n. A sparing use of
strong drink.
ABSTI-NENCE, n. A voluntary refraiiiii*
any act, as abstinence from labour ; and e?
from some indulgence, as food, drink, el < .
: nee is shown in refraining, temperance in a
moderate and guarded use.
AB'STI-NENT, a. Eefraining from ; temr-
AB-STEAUT' v. t. To take from, as son:
a whole ; to draw away, as the mind from t
objects; to separate; to reduce to a sunin;
AB'STRA'T, n. That which is taken fror,
thing else by way of compression ; a sum. .
B'STRA-GT, a. Separate; withdrawn fr- con-
nected objects ; not concrete ; purr
Abstract idea, the idea of some qualit.
from the object in which it inheres, as whiteness.
: ct term, one expressing an abstract i.
AB-STEAT'ED-LY, } ad. By itself; in a ;
AB'STEA!T-LY, J state. [air-.
AB-STEA-GT'ED-NESS, n. The state of b.
AB-STEA'TION (-strakshun), n. Tlie ac1
ing from ; the act of separating, particularly in
thought ; state of being withdrawn, as from the
cares of life ; absence of mind, or deep i!-
stealing and carrying away.
AB-STEAT-i"TIOUS, a. Drawn from otL
AB'STEA-GT-NESS, 11. A state of bei i .
AB-STRCSE' (31), a. Literally, thrust away; hidden;
hence, hard to be understood, obscure.
AB-STEUSE'LY, ad. Not plainly ; darkly.
AB-STEUSE'NESS, n. Depth and obscurity of
meaning.
AB-SCED', a. Contrary to reason. SYN. Fooli?h ;
irrational ; preposterous ; ridiculous. Al-.-
stronger than/oo?is/i or irrational, but not so strons.'
as preposterous, wliich supposes a total inver,
the order of things.
A.B-SCED'1-TY, n. That which is manife
posed to reason. SYN. Folly ; xinreasonabL
preposterousness .
AB-SCED'LY, ad. Unreasonably.
AB-SOED'NESS, n. Absurdity; inconsist:
A-BCND ANCE,n. Greatplenty; fullnessor o-.
ing. SYN. Exuberance; plenteousness ; r
wealth ; aflluence. We have plenty when w.
eiwutjli; but abundance is more than
an overflowing. Exuberance is still strongci-.
a bursting forth.
A-BtJND'ANT, a. Noting great quantit-. .
Plentiful ; plenteous ; exuberant ; overf!'
copious ; ample.
A-BUNrVANT-LY, ad. Plentifully ; amply.
A-B0SE' (-buze'), v. t. To use badly or wro: 1 .
to impose upon ; to reproach or maltreat ;
late ; to pervert.
A-BOSE', n. The ill use of any thing ; inji
proaclifullanguage. SYN. Misuse ; maltrea
reproach ; derision ; insult.
A-BUS'lVE, a. Marked by abuse. SYX. Scurril-
ous ; insulting ; reproachful ; opprobrious ; inso-
lent ; rude.
A-BUS'lVE-LY, ad. In an abusive manner; re-
proachfully.
A-BUS IVE-NESS, n. HI usage ; rudeness.
A-BCT', v. i. To border upon; to join; to termi-
A-BCTTVIENT, n. Literally, end or borde:
solid support of a bridge or arch at the tv,
or sides.
A-BUT'TAL n. The butting or boundary of land.
A-B||M'(-bizm')j n> A bottomless pit; a
A-GA'CIA (a-kash-ya), n. [Lat. plu. A-CACI^: ; En I.
plu. ACACIAS.] A species of tree or shrub, to
which the gum-arabic tree belongs.
ACA
I. fi, &c., long. I, , &o., s7iort. CARE, PAR, LAST,
A-A-DE'MI-AL, a. Pertaining to an academy.
A-A-DEM'I, n. A Platonic philosopher ; a stri-
dent, or member of an academj', college, or uni-
versity.
A-G-A-DEMTG ") a. Pertaining to an academy
A-e-A-DEM'I-AL, j or college. [ner.
A-G-A-DEM'IfJ-AL-LY, ad. In an academical man-
A-A-DE-Mi"CIAN (mish'an), n. A Platonic phil-
osopher ; a member of an academy for the promo-
tion of arts and sciences.
A--6AD'E-MY, n. Plato's school of philosophy ; an
association for the promotion of science or art ; a
place of instruction next below a college.
A-/AL-E'PHAN, n. A sea animal which gives a
prickly sensation when touched, as the sea nettle, &c.
A-A-NA'CEOUS(na'shus), a. Armed with prickles.
A--GA!N'THUS, n. A spiny plant ; an ornament in
architecture resembling its leaves.
A-GAT-A-LEC'Tre, n. A verse which has its com-
plete number of syllables.
A--AU1iINE, ) a. Having no stem, but flowers
A--eAU'LOUS, ) resting on the ground.
A-C-CEDE', v. i. To come into ; to agree or assent.
A-G-CEL'ER-ATE v. t. To quicken or cause to move
faster. SYN. To hasten ; expedite ; further ; dis-
patch.
A-CEL'EE-A'TION, n. A hastening or quickening.
A-G-CEL'EE-A-TIVE, ) a. Accelerating; quicken-
A-e-CEL'ER-A-TO-EY', j ing motion.
A-e-CEND-I-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being kindled.
AO-CEND'I-BLE, a. Capable of being inflamed.
A-e'CENT, n. Modulation of the voice in reading or
speaking ; a stress upon certain syllables ; a mark
used in writing to direct the stress of the voice.
A-G-CENT', v. t. To utter with a peculiar stress of
voice ; to mark with accents, as in a book.
A-CENT / ED, pp. or a. Uttered or marked with
accent. [leading part.
A-CENT'OE, n. In music, one who takes the
A-G-CENT'C-AL (-sent'yu-al), a. Relating to accent.
At'-CENT'O-ATE, v. t." To mark or pronounce
with an accent.
Ae-CENT-U-A'TION, n. Mode of uttering or
marking accents.
AS-CEPT' v. t. To receive with consent of mind ;
to regard with favour ; to agree to marry. In
commerce, to give a written promise to pay, as a
bill of exchange.
A^-CEPT'A-BLE or A'-CEPT-A-BLE, o. Re-
ceived or regarded with pleasure ; pleasing. SYN.
Agreeable ; welcome.
ACI-CEPT'A-BLE-NESS,) n. The quality of being
A-CEPT-A-BlL'I-TY, f acceptable.
A-CPT'A-BLY, ad. Pleasingly ; agreeably.
A-CEPT'ANCE, n. Approbation ; a receiving
with consent of mind ; a receiving so as to bind,
as the acceptance of an offer or a draft ; a draft
thus accepted,.
A-G-CEPT-A'TION, n. Acceptance.
A-CEPT'ED, pp. or a. Kindly received; agreed
to ; received so as to bind.
A-CPT'EE, 11. One who accepts.
A-CESS' or A-G'CESS, n. Literally, a coming to ;
way of approach ; admission ; increase.
A-CESS'A-EY or A'-CESS-A-RY, n. In law, one
not directly concerned in a crime, but made a par-
taker of it by aid or countenance given either be-
fore or after.
A-G-CESS'A-EY or A-6'CESS-A-RY, a. Acceding to;
pertaining to an accessary. [proachable.
A-CESS-I-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality of being ap-
A-G-CESS'I-BLE, a. Easy of approach ; affable.
A-CES'SION (-s6sh' un) , n. Literally, a coming to,
as accession to a throne ; hence, increase by addi-
tion, as an accession of wealth. SYN. Addition ;
augmentation ; return of a fit.
A-CES-SO'EI-AL, a. Pertaining to an accessory.
A CES-SO-EI-LY, ad. In the manner of an acces-
sory.
A!-CESS'O-EY or A'-, n. That which comes as a
secondary ; something added by way of filling out,
improving, &c. &;e ACCESSARY.
AGO
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE.
A-CESS'O-EY or A', a. Performing a secondary
part ; contributing ; aiding in the way of filling
out.
A'CI-DENCE, n. A book of rudiments.
A-G'CI-DENT, n. Literally, that which falls or hap-
pens ; a chance event ; an unfortunate occurrence
which is either wholly casual or undesigned by its
author ; some quality of a substance which is not
essential to it.
ACJ-CI-DENT'AL, a. Happening by chance ; not
essential. SYN. Casual; fortuitous; contingent;
incidental. A thing is accidental when it comes
without being planned or sought, as a meeting ;
it is incidental when it comes in as secondary or
out of the general course, as a remark ; it is casual
or fortuitous as opposed to what is constant and
regular, as an occurrence ; it is contingent as op-
posed to what is settled and fixed, as an event
A-G-CI-DENT'AL-LY, ad. By chance ; unexpectedly.
A-ClP'I-ENT, n. One who receives.
- A shoilt of a PP^se.
A-6-LAM'A-TO-EY, a. Expressing applause.
A-e--eLl'MATE, v. t. To habituate (as the body) to
a new_ climate.
A-e-Ll'MA-TED, pp. or a, Inured to a climate.
A-LI'MA-T1ZE, v. t. To inure plants or ani-
mals to a foreign climate.
A-6-Ll'MA-T(JEE, n. Act of acclimating.
A-GLI VI-TY, 11. The ascent of a hill.
A-eLl'VOUS, a. Eising with a slope, as a hill.
A!-430-LADE, n. A ceremony used in conferring
knighthood, either by an embrace or a blow.
A^-eOM'MO-DATE, v. t. Literally, to make fit or
fitting ; to adapt ; hence, to make accordant or re-
concile (in case of variance) ; to supply with (in
case of want). SYN. To suit; conform; harmo-
nize ; furnish.
A-e-'OM'MO-DA-TING, a. Disposed to oblige;
kind ; helpful.
A-'OM-MO-DA'TIOISr, n. Fitness or adaptation;
adjustment of differences ; aid or convenience.
A-OM-MO-DA'TION NOTE, n. A note made for
the accommodation of the parties in distinction
from business paper.
A!-e6M'MO-DA-TOK, n. One that accommodates.
A-OM'PA-NI-MENT (ak-kum'pa-ni-ment), n. An
addition by way of ornament ; the act of accom-
panying.
A-e--e6M / PA-NIST, 11. The performer in music who
takes the accompanying part.
A--OM'PA-NY (kum'pa-ny), v. t. To join with;
to go along with,
A-e--e6M'PLICE n An associate in a crime.
A^-GOM'PLISH, v. t. To finish entirely ; to bring to
pass ; to furnish with accomplishments. SYN. To
.execute ; fulfil ; effect ; realize.
A-e-eOM'PLISHED (-kom'plisht), pp. or a. Fin-
ished ; complete.
A-e--eOM / PLISH-MENT, n. A completion ; an
acquirement which adds ornament or grace.
A!--eOED' (20), n. Harmony of sounds or minds;
agreement ; compact. Oiun accord 1 , free will.
A-OED', v. t. To make agree ; to grant.
ACJ--GOED', v. i. To be in accordance; to agree.
A-e-OED'ANCE, n. An agreeing with. SYN.
Agreement ; conformity ; consonance.
A-e--eOED'ANT, a. Willing ; agreeable ; consent-
ing; corresponding.
A--OED'ING ppr. or a. Agreeing; consonant.
This word, in the phrase according to, is properly
a participle or adjective, and agrees with some-
thing referred to in the context.
A-OED'ING-LY, ad. In accordance with.
A-6ED'I-ON, n, A small musical instrument
with keys and a bellows, held between the hands
in playing.
A-G-OST' (20) v. t. To address ; to speak first to.
^(7-COU"CifE'iEIVT(ak-koosh'mang), n. [JFr.] De-
livery in childbirth ; lying-in.
AC-COUCH-EUR 1 (ak-koosh-aur 7 ), n. [Fr.] A sur-
geon who assists women in childbirth,
AGO
AGO
, BT>K; RULE, BULL; vf'ciot s. e as K ; G as j; s as z ; CH as SH;
A-G--GOUXT', v. t. To reckon or hold in opinion.
SYN. To consider ; regard ; estimate ; esteem.
AJ-'OUXT, v. ('. To give an account : to ;
reason ; to constitute a reason, as, this accounts
for the fact.
A-C--'OUNT / , n. A statement ; an explanation ; a
bill drawn out; sake; value. SYN. Narrative;
narration ; recital: description ; detail. In giving
junt of a thing, if we make it a continuous
story, it is ;: !t' we dwell on
noinute particulars, it i r detail; if we
picture out a thing, it is a a
At'-'OUXT-A-BlL'I-TY, n. Liability to give ac-
count.
AC-eOUNTA-BLE, a. Liable to give account.
SYN. Amenable; re
A-'OUNT'A-BLE-XEe3,
.jr or account for.
A being subject to
Af-t'OUNT'ANT, n. One who keeps, or is skilled
in accounts.
A--eOUNT'LNG, n. Act of reckoning or adjusting
accounts.
A--e(JUTRE, (ak-koo'ter), v. t. To furnish with
-'ER, n. One who brings a charge.
A-US'TOM, v. t. To make familiar by use.
A-G--eUS'TOMED, pp. Habituated by use ; trained;
a. usual ; used ; frequent.
ACE, n. A unit on cards or dice ; a trifle.
A-CEPH'A-LAN, n. A class of animals having no
head, as the ovster.
A-CEPH'A-LI (-st-fa-iT), n. pi. A sect of levellers
who acknowledge no head or superior.
A-CEPH'A-LOUS (sfifa-lus), a. Without a head;
headless.
ACE'POINT, -n. The side of a die which has but
one spot.
A-CERB' (13), a.
A-CERB'I-TY, n.
A-CER'I a.
Sour with bitterness.
Bitterness of taste or of -spirit.
A-CERTG a. Applied to an acid from the maple.
A-CERV'AL, a. Occurring in heaps.
A-CES'CEX-CY, n. A tendency to sourness.
A-CES'CENT, a. Tending to sourne ss.
AC-E-TA'RI-OUS, a. Noting plants used as salads.
AC'E-TA-RY, n. An acid pulp in certain fruits.
AC'E-TATE, ii. A salt formed by the acetic acid
united to a base. [vinegar.
"ly those of a soldi .0 AC'ID, n. The concentrated acid of
A--e<JU'TRi;D uJi-koo'terd), pp. or a. Dressed in * riffivT -or x nmwviT _ rm. *. ^^ .__
arms ; equipped.
A-eOU'TRE-MENTS, (koot'ur-ments),
trappings.
pi.
KDTT, v. t. To furnish with credentials, as
an envoy to a foreign court. Also, to receive on
the faith of such credo;
A"KED-IT-ATIOX (-shun), n. That which gives
A-CET'I-FI-CA'TION, n The act of turning sour,
or the operation of making vi i ,
A-CET'I-FY, v. t. or i. To turn into acid or vinegar.
AC-E-TIM'E-TER, n. A contrivance for ascertain-
ing the strength of vin
AC-E-TiM'E-TRY, n. The art of ascertaining the
strength of vines-ar or acetic acid.
A-CE'TOUS, a. Sour ; causing acetification.
credit or reception. | A-t'HE (ike), v. i. To suffer continued i
ID'IT-ED pp. or a. Recommended to, or A-6HE (ake), n. A continued pain .
recei .ithorized. H'E-RON (ak'e-ron ) , n. The fabled river of hell.
-.,m), n. A growing to ; an in- , A-CHIEV'A-BLE a. That may be performed.
crease, A-CHLEVE', (a-cheev'), v. t. To perform or execute;
AG-RUE' (31), (ak-knV), v. i. Literally, to grow . to gain or obtain 3 to bring to a favourable
to; to come or be added as the natural result. | SYN. To complete; accomplish; fulfil realize.
A-CHIEVE'MENT, n. The performance of an ac-
tion ; some great exploit ; an escutcheon
SYN. To spring up ; follow ; arise.
A --'!>' . ._>r , Growing to ; being added.
A-RU'MEXT, n. Addition ; iiicr.
-BA'TION, n. A reclining, as on a couch.
. I BEX-CY, n. State of being accumbent.
I'BEXT, a. Lyii;
A'--eC / MU-LATE, v. t. To heap together. -SYN.
To pile up ; amass ; gather ; collect.
MU-LATE, v. i. To trrow or increase greatly.
A-e--eC'MU-LA-TED, pp. or a. Collected" into a
heap or great quantity.
A- COIU-L A'TION, 71. The act of heaping up ; a
great collection. SYN. Pile ; mass ; heap.
A-e-C T/ MIJ-LA-TIVE, a. That accumulates.
A-e-^'UlVlC-LA-TOR, n. One that accumulates.
A-e"U-RA-CY, > n. Conformity to truth or
A-C'-eU-RATE-NESSj rule; exactness; closeness.
A-e'C'U-RATE, a. Done with care ; without error
or defect ; exact ; close. SYN. Correct ; precise ;
just ; nice. A man is accurate or correct when he
avoids faults ; exact when he attends to all the
minutiae, leaving nothing neglected ; precise when
he does any thing according to a certain rule or
rare.
A'-eU-RATE-LY, ad. Exactly ; nicely.
A--GURSE', v. t. To doom to misery ; to curse.
A--'UB.S'ED, pp. or a. (part, pronounced ak-ktirst',
;.k-kurs'edj. Cursed: excommunicated.
A-e-eC'SANT, n. One that accuses.
A-!U-SA'TION, n. A complaint; charge of a
crime.
A-U'SA-TiyE, a. or n. Noting in grammar the
case on which the action of a verb terminates ;
objective ; censuring.
A-'C'SA-TIVE-LY, ad. In an accusative manner;
in relation to the accusative case.
A-eC'SA-TO-RY,a. Containing a charge ; blaming.
armorial.- SYN. Feat; deed; completion.
A-CHIEV'ER, n. One who accomplishes a purpose.
A-GH'LNG (ak'ing), ppr. or a. Being in continued
pain; suffering distress; n. continued pain or
_ distress. [head.
A'-GHOR (a/kor), 71. A cutaneous disease on the
A-GH-RO-MAT'I-e (ak-ro-mat'ik), a. Destitute of
colour ; a term applied to telescopes having lenses
so an- avoid decomposing the light.
A-e^H-RaMA-TJC'I-TY, {. n. The state of being
achromatic ; want of
A-CHRO'MA-TISM,
colour.
A-CI'C-LAR, a. In the form of needles ; slender.
AC'ID (fis'id), a. Sour; sharp; like vi.
AC'ID (as'id), n. A sour substance, 1 .
are formed, and vegetable blue mad<
A-C1D'I-FI-A-BLE, a. That may be acidiried.
A-CID-I-FI-CA TION, n. The act of acidifying.
A-CID'I-FIED (sid'e-fide), pp. or a. Made acid;
converted into an acid.
A-CID'I-FI-ER, n. That which forms an acid.
A-C1D'I-FY, v. t. or i. To make or become acid.
AC-ID-IM'E-TER, n. An instrument for ascertain-
ing the strength of acids.
A-CID'I-TY, ) n. Quality of being sour ; sharpness;
AC'ID-XESS, j son
A-ClryC-LATE, v. t. To make slightly acid.
A-G-KNOWL'EDGE (-nol'edje), v. t. To admit; to
own as true, real, valid, etc. SYN. To concede ;
confess ; allow ; reco.gnize. We acl:noidedfjo what
we feel bound to make known, as a fault or a
favour; we concede and allou; what i
os/ced ,- we recognize when at first we were doubtful;
we confess what is u:romj or may appear so.
A-KNOWL'ED('JED, pp. or a.
Owned; believed.
The owning of a
A-e--eCE', v. t. To charge with crime or wrong- A-KNOWL'ED6-MEXT, 71.
doing. SYN. To arraign; censure; impeach. We ' thing ; confession ; thanks,
censure or accuse a man for what is wrong ; we ar- ' A'ME, n. The height or top of a thing ; cr:
raign him for trial; we impeach Mm for mal-admi- A-M")L'O-THIST, ) n. A servitor of the lowest
nistration or impropriety. i A'O-LYTE, f class in the ancient churches.
A-CS-ED / , pp. or a. Charged with a crime. I A-6'O-NlTE, n. Wolf s-bane, a poison.
AGO 6 ACT
A, fi, &c. long. I, , &c., s/iort. CARE, FAE,, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THUE, T.EKM -, MARINE, BIRD;
Having no seed-lobes.
a. Pertaining to the
A'ORN, n. The seed or fruit of an oak.
A--eOT-Y-LE'DON, n. A plant whose seeds have no
lobes.
A-eOT-Y-LED'ON-OUS, o.
A-eOUSTK!, (-kow'stik),
ir to the doctrine of sounds.
A-COUS'TMJS, n. pi. The science of sounds ; rem-
edies for deafness.
A INT v. t. To inform ; to make familiar.
SYN. To apprise ; to communicate.
A-GQUAINT'ANCE, n. Familiar knowledge; a
person or persons well known. SYN. Familiarity;
fellowship; intimacy. Intimacy is the result of
close connection, and hence is the stronger word;
;-prings from frequent intercoiirse.
A'-QUAns r T'ED, pp. or a. Informed; familiar;
versed.
AG-QUT-ESCE' (ak-kwe-ess'), v. i. To submit to
what is not most agreeable ; to yield assent.
SYN. To accede: assent; consent; comply.
Ae-QUI-ES'CENCE, n. A quiet yielding or sub-
ion.
A-QUI-ES'CENT, a. Submitting ; disposed to
submit.
A-G-QUlRE' v. t. To gain something permanent.
SYN. To attain ; obtain ; win ; secure.
AG-QUIRE'MENT, n. Something acquired. SYN.
Att linment ; gain.
A-QUI-SI"TION (ak-we-zish'un), n. Tlie act of
gaining ; the thing gained.
A-G-QUIS'I-TIVE, a. Acquired ; anxious to acquire.
A-6-QUI S'I-TIVE-LY, ad. A word followed by to or
for is said to be used acquisitively.
A-QUIi>'I-TrVE-NESS, n. Desire of acquiring.
A-QUIT', v. t. To set free ; to release or discharge
from an obligation, censure, charge, suspicion,
etc. SYN. To clear ; absolve.
A-G-QUIT'TAL, n. A formal release from a charge.
A-QU I T'TANCE, n. A receipt in full for debt.
E',) v. t. To make crazy; to impair; to
A-miAZE'J destroy.
A'-GRE (a'ker), n. A piece of land containing 160
square rods or perches, or 4840 square yards.
A'RE-AGE (a'ker-aje), n. A sum total of acres.
A-G'RID a. Hot; biting; sharp; pungent.
A-G'RID-NESS, n. A bitter quality ; pungency.
A-RI-MO'NI-OUS, o. Full of bitterness. SYN.
Sharp ; severe ; bitter.
AC-T1N'IC, a. Belonging to actinism.
A-TlN'I-FORM, a. Having a radiated form.
A-G'TIN-ISM, 7i. A property in the sun's rays which
produces chemical changes, as in daguerreotyping,
distinct from light and heat.
A-G-TIN'O-LITE, 7i. A variety of hornblende.
A'TION (ak'shun) n. State of acting ; thing per-
formed ; a lawsuit ; a battle ; gesticulation. [J>.]
Share of stock.
A'TION-A-BLE, a. Admitting a suit or action.
A-G'TION-A-EY, 7i. In France, a proprietor of stock
in a joint-stock company.
ACTIVE, a. Noting action, quick motion, or ad-
vance. SYN. Brisk; alert; agile; nimble; spright-
ly ; prompt ; quick. Agile and nimble relate to
bodily movements, the others may apply either to
the body or the mind.
A-GT'lVE-LY, ad. Nimbly ; in a nimble manner.
A CT'l VE-NESS,) n. Quality of being active ; nim-
AGT-IV'I-TY, } bleness.
AT OR, n. One who acts ; one who plays on the
A'T'RESS, n. A female who acts or plays.
A-GT0-AL a. Really existing in fact or at present ;
effective ; certain ; positive.
AGT-U-AL'ITY, n. Reality.
A^T'tT-AL-LY, ad. Really ; verily ; truly.
A-GT'C-A-RY, 7i. The clerk of certain courts and
insurance offices.
A-f ITO-ATE, v. t. To put into action ; to excite.
SYN. To move ; impel ; instigate ; induce.
A-C'LE-ATE, a. Prickly ; having a sting or point ;
severe.
A--G0'MEN, n. Sharpness ; penetration of mind.
SYN. Acuteness ; astuteness ; shrewdness ; per-
spicuity; discernment.
A-GUMIN-ATE, a. Sharp-pointed.
A-GU-MIN- A'TION, n. A sharpening ; termination
in a sharp point.
A-U-PDN-G'TURE (-punkt'yur) , n. The pricking of
a part with a needle for the cure of a disease.
A--GOTE', a. Sharp as opposed to blunt ; not grave,
as an acute accent ; keen-witted ; nicely discrimi-
Adamantine Spar, a very hard variety of corundum.
LE,
Belonging to an acrobat or his | throat.
A-RI-MO'NI-OTJS-LY, ad. With sharpness or
bitterness.
A RI-MO-NY, n. Sharpness ; bitterness of feeling
or language. SYN. Asperity ; harshness; tartness.
Acrimony springs from an embittered spirit ;
tartness from an irritable temper ; asperity and
harshness from disregard to the feelings of others.
A'RO-BAT, 7i. Literally, one who moves high;
practises high-vaulting, rope-dancing, &c.
A-G-RO-BAT'I-G, -'
exercises.
A-GRGG'EN-OUS, a. Growing- or increasing at the
apex or extremity.
A-!RON'rC-AL, a. A term applied to the rising of a
star at sunset, or its setting at sunrise.
A-GROP'O-LIS, n. The citadel of a town, especially
of Athens.
A-6'RO-SPIRE, 71. A shoot or sprout of a seed.
A--GRGSS' (20), ad. or prep. Crosswise; athwart;
over.
ACROSTIC, n. A poem whose initial letters form
the name of some person or tiling.
A-GROSTIG-AL-LY, ad. In the manner of an
acrostic.
A-RO-TE'RI-A, n. pi Small pedestals.
A-GT, v. i. To exert power ; to be in action ; to con-
duct or behave ; to play. [play.
A-CT, v. t. To perform ; to feign or counterfeit ; to
A-GT, 7i. Something done ; a deed or exploit ; the
decree of a legislative body ; a larger division of a
play.
ACTING, ppr. or a. Doing; performing; behav-
ing ; n. action ; act of performing ; the playing a
.An acute disease is sharp and usually
; a chronic one is of long duration. SYN.
Penetrating ; piercing ; pointed ; shrewd ; subtle.
i A--GDTE'LY, ad, Sharply ; shrewdly ; keenly.
| AD. A Latin preposition signifying to, changed
sometimes to ac.
AD' AGE, n. A remark which has obtained credit
by long use. SYN. Maxim; proverb; aphorism.
AD-A'GI-O, 7i. A mark or sign of slow time.
AD'A-MANT, n. A very hard stone ; diamond.
AD-A-MANT-E'AN a. Extremely hard.
AD-A-MANT'INE, a. Made of, or like adamant.
AD'AM'S-AP'PLE, n.
The prominent part of the
The African calabash -tree ;
AD-AN-SO'NI-A,
the baobab.
ADAPT, v. t. To make fit or suitable. SYN. To
suit ; accommodate ; adjust ; apply ; attune.
AD-APT- A'TION, n. The act of fitting or suiting j
state of fitness.
AD AR-BITRI-UM. [L.] At pleasure or will.
AD CAP-TAN-DUM. [L.] To captivate the vulgar.
ADD, v. t. To join or put to ; to increase ; to cast
up, as figures. SYN. To subjoin ; to annex. We
add numbers, &c. ; we subjoin an after-thought;
we o.nnex some adjunct, as territory.
AD-DEN'DUM, n. ; pi. Ad-derida [i.] Something
_ to be added ; an appendix.
AD'DER, 71. A venomous serpent ; a viper.
AD'DER'S-GRASS, )
AD'DER' S-TONGUE, } n. Names of plants.
AD'DER'S-WORT, )
AD-D1-GT', v. t. To give up to habitually. SYN. To
devote ; to dedicate to. Addict is commonly used
in a bad sense, the other two in a good one ; ad
dieted to vice ; devoted to literature ; dedicated t o
religion.
AD-DlT'ED, pp. Given up ; devoted ; fond of.
ADD
ADM
D&VE, WOJ,F, BOOK, KCLE, BCLL, Vf'CIOUS. 6 OS K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ;
AD-DlT'ED-NESS, n. Devotedness.
AD-Dl'TION (-dish'un), n. Act of adding; the
thing added; a rule in arithmetic; a mart's
title added to his name. STN. Increase ; acces-
sion ; augmentation, [he added.
AD-Dl'TlON-AL (-dYsh'un-al), a. What is or may
AD-DI'TION-AL-LY, ad. By way of addition.
AD'DLE, a. Bad ; barren ; empty ; putrid.
AD'DLE-PA-TED, a. Having empty ;
AD'DLED (ftd'dld), a. Morbid; corrupt ; putrid,
or barren.
AD-DEESS', t>. t. To apply to; to speak or write
to ; to direct to ; to make love ; to coii
letter.
AD-DEfiSS', n. A speech ; a formal communication
in writing ; dexterity ; mode of intercourse ; di-
rection of a letter. STN. Adroitness ; tact.
AD-DE KS;-- Attentions of a lover.
AD-DUCE' (28), v. t. To bring forward by way of
proof. SYN. To allege ; cite ; quote ; advance.
AD-DO'CENT. a, Bringing forward or together.
AD-DC'CI-BLE, a. That may be adduced.
AD-DU-e'TIVE a. That brings forv,
AD-E-LAN-TA-DO, n. [Sp.] The Spanish governor
of a province.
AD-EN-OL'O-GY, n. The doctrine of the glands,
their nature and uses.
A-DEPT', n. One well skilled in some art, &c.
A-DEPT', a. Well skilled ; skilful.
AD'E-QUA-CY, n. Tlie quality of being- sufficient.
AD'E-QUATE, a. Fully sufficient ; equal to. SYN.
Enough ; competent ; requisite.
AD'E-QUATE-LY ad. In proportion ; fitly.
AD E-UN'DEM [L.] To the same, i.e., degree.
AD-FET'ED, a, Compounded.
AD FI'NEX [L.] To or at the end.
AD-HERE', v. i. To stick close; to remain fixed;
to cleave. SYN. To cling ; hold fast ; abide by.
AD-HEE'ENCE, > n. The quality or state of adher-
A-DHEE'EN-CYJ ing; tenacity.
AD-HEE'ENT, a. United with or to ; sticking.
AD-HEE'ENT, n. One who cleaves to or supports
some person or cause. SYN. Partisan ; follower ;
supporter ; advocate.
AD-HEE'ENT-LY, ad. In an adherent manner.
AD-HE'SION, (he-zhun), n. The act or state of ad-
hering. Glutinous bodies unite by adhesion; the
particles of a homogeneous body by cohesion. To
give in one's adhesion, to declare one's union to a
party or cause. ious.
AD-HE'SIVE, a. That sticks to or adh(
AD-HE'SIVE-LY, ad. In an adhesive manner.
AD-HE'SIVE-NESS, n. The quality of sticking;
tendency to persevering attachments.
AD HOWI-NEH [L.] Literally, to the man; i.e., to
one's conduct or principles.
A-DIEC' (a-du), ad. and n. An elliptical form of
speech for, I commend you to God ; farewell.
AD IN-FI-NI'TUM [L.] To endless extent.
AD IN-QUI-REX'DUM [L.] For inquiry.
AD IN'TER-IM [L.] In the mean while.
AIXT-PO-CEEE, n. An unctuous substance into
which animal bodies are changed by burial in moist
AD-I-PGSE', a. Fatty. [places.
AD'IT, n. A horizontal or inclined entrance into a
mine. A shaft is perpendicular.
AD-JA'CEN-CY, n. State of bordering upon.
AD-JA'CENT, a. Lying close to ; bordering upon.
AD-JE^T', r.t. To put one tiling to another.
AD-JE!-Tl r VAL, a. Pertaining to an adjective.
AiyjET-lVE, 11. A word added to a noun to de-
scribe it, or denote some property of it.
AD'JET-lVE, o. Noting addition, as an adjective
noun. Adjective colour, one which requires the
addition of a mordant to give it permanency.
AlXJE-eT-lVE-LY, ad. In the manner of an ad-
jective.
AD-JOIN', v. i. To be next to ; to be in contact or \
AD- JOIN', v. t. To join or unite to. [very near.
AD-JOTN'ING, a. Joining to. SYN. Adjacent; :
contiguous ; neighbouring. Things are adjacent !
or neighbouring when they are near to each other ; |
adjoining and contiguous when they are close by or
in contact.
ADJOtEN' (ad-jurn'), v. t. To put off to a future
time. SYN. To postpone; defer; delay; pro-
rogue. A court, legislature, or meeting are ad-
journed ; parliament is prorogued at the end of a
session ; we delay or defer a thing to a future time :
we postpone it when we make it give way to some-
thing else.
AD-JOUEN', v. i. To suspend business for a time ;
to close the session of a public body.
AD-JOUENED', (ad-jurnd'), pp. Put off, delayed,
or deferred for a limited time; a. held by adjourn-
ment.
AD-JOUEN'MENT (-jurn'ment) , n. The act of ad-
journing ; the putting off to some specified day,
or without day ; the interval during which a pub-
lic body defers business.
AD- JUDGE', v. t. To decide judicially or by autho-
rity ; to sentence.
A D-JC-DI-eA'TE, v. t. To decide by law.
AD-JU-DI-A'TION, n. Judicial trial or sentence.
AD'JUNGT, n. Something joined to another, but
not an essential part of it ; an appendage.
AD'JUN-GT, a. Added to or united with.
AD-JUNT'1VE, a. Having the quality of joining;
n. that which is joined. [quently
AD-Jt}N4'T'LY, ad. In connection with ; conse-
AD-JTJ-EA'TION, n. A solemn charging on oath.
AD-JCEE' v. t. To charge on oath j to enjoin ear-
nestly.
ADJUST', v. t. To make exact or conformable ; to
reduce to order : to set right. SYN. To fit ; adapt:
suit ; accommodate.
AD-JCST EE. n. A person who adjusts.
AD-JUST'MENT, n. Seducing to order or due con-
formity ; arrangement ; disposition ; settlement.
AD'JU-TAGE, See AJUTAGE.
AD'JU-TAN-CY, n. The office of an adjutant.
AD'JU-TANT, n. An officer who assists the supe-
rior officers in the execution of orders ; a bird.
AD-JU'TOE, n. A helper ; assistant ; promoter.
AD'JU-VANT, a. Helping ; assisting.
AD LIB'I-TUH [L.] At pleasure, or discretion.
AD-MEAS'UEE (ad-mezh'ur), v. t. To take the di-
mensions of ; to apportion.
. A taking of dimensions.
A D-ME A *'UR-EE, n. One that admeasures.
A D-MEN-SU-RA'TION, n. The act of measuring.
AD-MIN'IS-TEE, v. t. To carry on, ae
to dispense, , as an oalli. SYN.
To manage ; conduct ; supplv.
AD-MIN'IS-TEE, v. i. To contribute; to perform
the office of administrator.
AD-MIN-IS-TE'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to adminis-
tration, or to the executive part of government.
AD-MIN-IS-TEA'TION, n. The act of administer-
ing ; the executive part of the government ; dis-
pensation ; the management of the estate of an
intestate person ; the power or office of adminis-
tration.
AD-MIN1S-TEA-TIVE, a. That administers.
AD-MIN-IS-TEA TOE, n. A man that manages an
intestate estate. [ministrator.
AD-MIN-IS-TEA-TOR-SHIP, n, The office of ad-
AD-MIN-IS-TEATEIX, n. A woman that adminis-
ters upon the estate of an into
AD'MI-EA-BLE, a. To be admired. SYN. Won-
derful; rare; excellent; snrpr
ADMI-EA-BLE-NESS, )n. A quality raising admi-
AD-MI-EA-BIL'I-TY, f ration. [very.
AD'MI-EA-BLY, ad Wonderfully; excellently ;
ADTill-E AL, n. The commander of a fleet.
AD'MI-EAL-SHIP, n. The office of an admiral.
AD'MI-EAL-TY, , The body that administers
naval affairs ; the building in which these affairs
are transacted: Court of Admiralty, a court that
decides questions arising on the high seas.
AD-MI -RATION, n. Approbation or esteem min-
gled with wonder.
AD-MlEE', v. t. To wonder at; to regard with
mingled wonder, esteem, and affection.
ADM.
I, fi, &c., long. I, t, &c., snort. CARE, FAR, LAST
AD-MIRE', v. i. To regard with admiration.
ADMIRED' (ad-mird') pp. or a. Regarded with
admiration, wonder, or surprise.
AD-MlR'ER, n. One that admires ; a lover.
AD-MIS-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of being ad
missible.
AD-MIS'SI-BLE, a. That may be admitted.
AD-MlS'SION (-mish'un), n. Leave to enter ; ac-
cess ; assent.
AD-MlT, v. t. To allow; to let in ; to receive as
true or right ; to be capable of. SYN. To concede ;
grant ; permit. Admit has the widest sense. We
grant or concede what is claimed ; we allow what
we suffer to talce place or yield; we permit what we
consent to.
AD-MlT'TANCE, n. The act or power of entering.
AD-MIT'TED, pp. or a. Allowed ; received.
AD-MIX', v. t. To mingle with something else.
AD-MJX'TCRE (-mikst'yur), n. A mixing; what
is mixed.
AD-MON'ISH, v. t. To reprove kindly ; to warn
against wrong practice or danger ; to instruct or
direct authoritatively. SYN. To reprove; rebuke;
reprimand ; warn ; advise. We adwse as to future
conduct ; we icam of danger or by way of threat ;
we adinonis7i with a view to one's improvement ;
we rcprore, reprimand, audrebzt/.-e by way of punish-
ment.
AD-MON'ISH-ER, n. A reprover; an adviser.
AD-MO-N1"TION (-nish'uu), n. Kind reproof;
counsel; advice.
AD-MON'I-TIVE, a. Containing admonition.
AD-MON'I-TOR, n. One who admonishes.
AD-MON'I-TO-RY, a. That admonishes; warning.
AD'NOUN, n. An adjective.
ADO' (a-doo').n. Trouble; difficulty; bustle; stir.
A-DO'BE (a-doby), n. [Sp.] An unburut brick dried
in the sun.
AD-O-LES'CENCE, n. The period between child-
hood and manhood ,
AD-O-LES'CENT, a. Growing; advancing from
childhood to manhood.
ADOPT' v. t. To select find make one's own what
was not so before, as to adopt a child, an opinion,
&c.
A-DOPT'ED, pp. or a. Made one's own by adoption.
A-DOP'TION (-shun), n. The act of adopting, or
state of being adopted ; the receiving as one's own.
A-DOPT'IVE, a. Adopted; adopting another.
A-DOR'A-BLE, a. Worthy of adoration.
A-DOR'A-BLE-NESS, n. A quality exciting adora-
tion.
A-DOR'A-BLY, ad. With adoration or worship.
AD-O-RA'TION, n. Divine worship ; the height of
love.
A-DORE', v. t. To worship with the deepest rev-
erence ; to love in the highest degree.
A-DOR'ER, n. A worshipper ; a lover.
ADOR'ING, ppr. or a. Regarding with the highest
reverence or love ; reverential
ADORN', v. t. To render beautiful; to decorate.
SY.V. To deck; embellish; set off; beautify;
ornament. We decorate and ornament for the sake
of show : we embellish and ado rn to heighten beauty.
I'SolN'ME^T, } Ornament; embellishment.
AD-OS-U-LA'TION, n. The impregnation of
plants by the falling of the farina on the pistil ;
a species of budding or ingrafting.
A-DOWN', prep. Down ; toward the ground ; ad,
downward; implying descent. tion.
AD REF-ER-EN'DUM[L.] For further considera-
A-DRIFT', a. or ad. Floating at random ; at large.
A-DROIT', a. Literall)/, with the riyht hand; dex-
terous. SYN. Skilful ; expert ; clever.
A-DROIT'LY, ad. Dexterously : ingeniously ; skil-
fully.
A-DROIT'NESS n. Dexterity ; readiness of body
or mind. SYN. Skill ; ingenuity ; promptitude.
A-DRY', a. Thirsty ; in want of drink.
AD-SCI-T1"TIOUS (-se-ttsh'us), a. Brought in as
supplemental ; added ; not requisite.
8
ADV
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
AD-tT-LA'TION (ad-yu-la'tion), n. Servile flattery;
sycophancy. SYN. Flattery; compliment. A man
who respects himself may use the language of
compliment, and perhaps of flattery, but never of
adulation.
AD'0-LA-TOR, n. A servile flatterer ; sycophant
AD'OLA-TO-RY, a. Flattering to excess.
AD'0-LA-TRESS, n. A female that flatters with
servility.
A-DULT', n. A person grown to maturity.
AD1JLT', a. Grown up ; past the age of infancy.
A-DOL'TER-ANT, n. A person or thing that adul-
terates.
A-DtTLTER-ATE, v. t. To debase or corrupt by
mixture. S_YN. To contaminate ; corrupt.
A-DDL'TER-ATE, v. i. To commit adultery.
A-DCL'TER-ATE, a. Debased ; polluted.
A-DUL-TER-A'TION, n. The act of adulterating j
the state of being adulterated.
A-DtTL'TER-ER, n. A man who is guilty of adultery
A-DCL'TER-ESS, n. A woman that commits adul-
tery.
A-DULTER-lNE, a. Proceeding from adultery ; .
a child born in adultery.
A-DCL'TER-OUS, a. Guilty of adultery ; idola-
trous ; very wicked ; spurious.
A-DOL'TER-Y, n. A violation of the marriage bed.
In Scripture, apostacy, idolatry.
A-DOLT'NESS, n. The state of being an adult.
A D-ttM'BRANT, a. Giving a faint shadow.
AD-tlM'BRATE, v. t. To shadow out faintly; to
typify.
AD-UM-BBATION, n. The act of shadowing forth;
a faint resemblance.
AD VA-L&REM [L.] According to value.
AD-VANCE' (6), 11. A moving forward or higher;
hence, progress; promotion; additional price;
first offer or hint ; anticipation of payment.
AD- VANCE' v. t. To bring forward or higher ; to
raise ; to promote ; to improve and make better ;
to offer or propose ; to pay beforehand. SYX. To
adduce ; allege ; proceed ; heighten.
AD- VANCE', v. i. To move forward or higher ; to
rise ; to improve ; to rise in rank.
AD-VANCED' (-vimst) , pp. or a. Improved ; brought
forward or higher ; paid beforehand ; old.
AD-VANCE'MENT, n. Progress toward a higher
point ; promotion ; improvement.
AD-VANC'ER, n. promoter.
AD-VAN'CIVE, a. Tending to promote.
AD- VANTAGE (G), n. Favourable circumstances;
superiority ; benefit ; gain.
AD-VAN'TAGE. v. I. To benefit ; to promote.
AD-VAN-T'AGEOUS (-ta'jus), a. Favourable to
success ; profitable ; convenient.
AD-VAN-TA'GEOUS-LY, ad. Profitably.
AD-VAN-TA'GEOUS-NESS, n. Usefulness ; pro-
_ fitableness.
AD'VENT, n. Literally, a coming ; a season in
commemoration of the coming of the Saviour. It
includes four Sundays before Christmas.
AD-VEN-Tl"TIOUS (-tish'us), a. Added ; not es-
sentially inherent. [manner.
AD-VEN-TI"TIOUS-LY, ad. In an adventitious
AD-VENT'IVE, n. A thing or person that comes
from without ; a. accidental ; adventitious.
ADVfiNT'CJAL, a. Pertaining to advent.
AD-VENT'ORE (vhit'ynr), n. An extraordinary
event ; an enterprise involving hazard ; property
ventured in a voyage. SYJ. Incident ; occurrence;
contingency.
AD-VENT'URE, v. t. To put at hazard ; to risk.
AD-VENT'ORE, v. i. To try the chances ; to dare.
AD-VENT'CR-ER, ?i. One who adventures; one
who lives by chance or relies for success on his
boldness or good fortune.
AD-VENT'UR-OUS, \a. Hazardous; daring;
AD-VENT'CRE-SOME, j enterprising ; bold.
AD-VENT'OR-OUS-LY, ad. Boldly; daringly.
AD'VERB (13), n. A word which modifies the action
of a verb, or the quality of adjectives or other
adverbs.
ADV
9
AFF
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BULL ; vI"ciOTJS. as K ; G as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
AD-VfiRB'I-AL, a. Relating to or like an adverb.
AD-Vl'-iRB'I-AL-LY, ad. In manner of an adverb.
AD-VEB-SA'RIA, n. fL-] A common-place book.
AD'VEE-S A -EY, n. One who is hostile or opposed.
SYN. Opponent ; antagonist ; enemy ; foe.
Uni'riendly feelings mark the enemy ; habitual
hostility the adversary; active hostility the foe.
, tents are those who are pitted against each
other . ts those who struggle in the con-
test with all their niitrht.
AD'VEE-S A -EY, a. Adverse; opposed.
AD-VEES'A-TIVE, a. Denoting opposition; n. a
word denoting contrariety or opposition.
AD'VKESE (13), a. Opposed to ; "contrary to one's
desires or interests. SYN. Hostile j conflicting ;
unfortunate ; calamitous.
AD VEESE-LY, ad. With opposition ; unfortu-
nately, [ness.
AD'VEKSE-NESS, n. Opposition ; unprosperous-
AD-VERS'I-TY, n. Adver.se circuni-
of misfortune. SYH. Calamity; affliction; dis-
tress ; misery.
AD-VEET, v. i. To turn to. SYN. To attend ; re-
gard ; observe.
AD-VEET'ENCE, ) n. Attention ; consideration ;
AD-VKKT'EN-CY, $ heedfulness.
AD-V ,; heedful.
AD-VEE-TI^E', v. t. or t. To give information ofj
wn through the press.
AD-VEE-TISED' (tlzd). pp. or a. Informed;
warned, urnl o/j croons; published, made known,
::-MENT, n. Information; piiblic
no; : , .he press.
AD-VEE-TISEE, n. One who gives information
AD-VI _ . r pr. Giving notice; informing;
'
E', 11. Co;;
followed; intelligence. SYN. Information; no-
ution.
AD-VICE-BOAT, 71. A boat employed to convey
ion.
AD-V1*'A-BLE (-viz'a-bl), a. Fit to be advised or
ft. Fitness to be done;
expediency.
ounsel to ; to inform of.
hit ; consult ; con
. i. To deliberate; to weigh well, cr
i'ler.
AU-Vi 'ED-LY, ad. With fuU knowledge; pui-
~SS, n. Deliberate consideration.
: caution; advice.
AD-Yi. !;:,'. ,i. u^o v .. ice.
i,r a. Giving counsel; consult-
: n. advice.
S 0-EY, a. Containing or intended for advice.
lefence of.
AD'VO--CATE, 77. ! ds for another; one
wL imminent.
AD'yO-GA'I j : favour of; '
-^. SYN. To defend ; support ;
ate.
:'ESS, n. A female advocate.
AD-\ ; in? for; a plea.
AD-VOW-KE', n. He that has the right of present-
AD-VOWSpN, (-zun), n. The right of presenting
Destitute of strength.
A-DY TU1I, n. [L.] A secret apartment. In
hence oracles were given.
/!. A carpenter's cutting-tool with a curved
! o) , 71 . An officer in ancient Rome who
19 care of the public buildings, street
I ; PS, n. An abscess in the corner of the eye.
[ or defensive armour.
IIAEP, n. A stringed instrument
lad passing through a crevice.
Pertaining to ^Eolia.
t. To combine with carbonic acid j to
Belonging to the air or atmosphere ;
The nest of an eagle,
JE-Ol/KJ, a.
A'EE-ATE, v.
arterialize.
A-E'EI-AL, a.
hence lofty.
A-E'EIE (e'i-y or ar'y), n.
hawk, &c.
A-EE-I-FI- ATIOX, n. The act of aerifying.
A'EE-I- FORM, a. Having the form of air, as gas.
A EE-I FV, v. t. To combine or fill with air.
A-EE-OG'R A-PHY, 77. A description of the air.
A'ER-O-LITE, n. A stone falling from the air or
upp<- : meteoric stone.
A-EB-OL'O-GIST, n. One who is versed in aerology.
A-ER-OL'O-GY, 77. That science which treats of the
air and its phenomena. [air and wind.
A'EB-O-MAN-CY, n. Divination by means of the
A-EE-OM'E-TEE, n. An instrument for measuring
the d; ,
A-EE-O-MKT'EI, a. Pertaining to aerometry.
A-EE-OM'E-TEY, n. The science of ascertaining
_ the mean bulk of gases.
A'ER-O . une who ascends in a balloon.
A-EE-O-NAUT'l-C, a. Sailing in the air; pertaining
to ac.-
A-EE-O-NAUT'It'S, n. pi. The science or art of
he air by means of a balloon.
, n. The practice of ascending
and floating in the atmosphere in balloons.
A'EE-O-PHYTE, n. A plant deriving its support
from 1 1
; 'Y, n. The observation of the air.
A'EU-0- A machine sustain!.
the ai. uooii.
A-EE-O- . Suspending in air : pertaining
to a
A-EE-O-STAT'I'S, n. pi. The science that treats of
the equilibrium of air or elastic fluids, or of bodies
supper
A-EE-OS-TA'TION, 77. Aerial navigation.
JE-EC GIN-OUS, a. P;> rl uking of copper-rust.
^ES-TH KT I, ) a. Pertaining to the perception of
ES-THIOT'K-!, j" the beautiful.
.vIS-THKT'R'S.) 77. j)l. In the fine arts, thr-
i;S-THL]T'IS, i which treats of the beautiful, or
of the theory and philosophy of taste.
^]-TI-OL'O-GY, n. The science of the causes of
dis,
A -FAR', ad. At or to a great distance ; remote.
AF-FA-BIL'I-TY, n. The quaMty of being affable ;
bo converse; ease of access. SYN.
Courtesy ; complaisance ; urbanity ; civility.
AF'FA-BLE, > converse ; easy of access.
SYN. Courteous ; civil ; complaisant ; acces-
sible.
AF'FA-BLY, ad. In an affable manner.
AF-FAIR' (4), n. Business of any kind; concern;
1 < 'tion
AF-FfiT, K. t. To operate upon; to move the
feelings of: to take the appearance of; t
or tend to. SYN. To influence ; act on ; concern;
melt ; subdue : assume ; like.
AF-FECT-A TION, H. Assumption of what is not
\il; artiticial appearance; false pret
AF-FET'ED, a. Moved or touched ; inwardly
disposed ; fuU of affectation.
AF-FE-GT'ED-LY, ad. In an affected manner ; with
liow.
TED-NESS, n. The quality of being af-
fected ; affectation.
AF-FET'ING, pi>r. Having effect on; touching
the ff ing false show of; a. tending to
move the affections; pathetic.
AF-FK-fT'ING-LY, ad. In an affecting manner.
AF-FE-eTION, 7i. A bent of mind toward a par-
ticular object: love; kindness; attachment; at-
tribute or quality.
TIOX-ATE, a.
ing from affection. SYN
devoted.
TION-ATE-LY, ad.
.
"Warm-hearted; proceed-
. Loving ; tender ; fond ;
With affection; ten-
AFF
10
AGA
I, fi, &c., long. A, , &c., s/iort. CARE, FAR, LAST, PALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD ; IIOVE,
AF-FE-e'TIONEI>, a. Inclined ; disposed ; affected.
AF-i'E-GT'l VE ; a. That affects or excites emotion.
AF-FET'IVE-LY, ad. In an affective manner.
AF-.* ET'OE, \ n. One that affects ; one that prac-
AF-FE-GT'ER, ) tises affectation.
AF-FET-TU-0'SO. [It.] In music, a direction to
render notes soft or affecting ; tenderly.
AF-Fl'ANCE, n. Marriage contract ; confidence ;
trust.
AF-FI'ANCE, v. t. To betroth ; to pledge in mar-
riag-e.
AF-FI'AN-CEE, n. One who makes a contract o
marriage between parties.
AF-FI'ANT, n. One -who makes an affidavit.
AF-ri-BA/VJ.T, n. A declaration under oath madi
in writing. See DEPOSITION for the distinction
between the two.
AF-FIL'I-ATE, v. t. To adopt as a son; to receiv
into a society or union as a member.
AF-F1L'I-A-TED, pp. or a. Adopted; associated.
AF-FIL-I-A'TIOJST, n. Adoption ; association in th
same family of society.
AF'FIN-AGE, n. A refining of metals.
AF-FlN'I-TY, n. ; pi. AFFINITIES. Relation by
marriage ; bond of union ; chemical attraction.
SYN. Agreement ; conformity ; resemblance ; al
liance ; relationship.
AF-FJEM' (17), v. t. To declare confidently. SYN
To aver ; protest ; assert. We affirm a thing with
confidence ; we assert it against all denial ; we avci
its truth with solemnity ; we protest it, as whal
ought not to be called in question.
AF-FlEM', I?. -I. To declare solemnly.
AF-FlEM'A-BLE. a. That may be affirmed.
AF-FlEM'-ABLY, ad. In a way capable of affir
mation.
AF-FlEM'ANCE, n. Confirmation : an establishing
AF-FIEM'ANT. n. One who affirms.
AF-FIEM-A'TIOJST, n. Act of affirming or declar-
ing ; that which is asserted ; a solemn declaration
in place of an oath, made by Quakers.
AF-FlEM'A-TIVE, n. That side of a question
which affirms ; opposed to negative.
AF-FiEM'A-TlVE, a. That affirms or declares
AF-FiEM'A-TlVE-LY, ad. In an affirmative man-
ner ; positively ; the opposite of negatively.
AF-FlEM'EE, n. One who affirms or declares.
AF-FIX', u. t. To attach to ; to fasten to the end.
SYN. To subjoin ; connect ; annex ; unite.
AF'FIX, n. A syllable or letter joined to the end of
a word.
AF-FlXT'tTEE (-flkst'yur), n. That which is affixed.
AF-FLA'TION (af-fla'shun), n. A blowing or breath-
ing on.
AF-FLA'TUS, n. A breath of wind ; inspiration.
AF-FLI-GT', v. t. To give pain to ; to cause grief, or
calami ty. SYN. To trouble ; distress ; harass ;
torment; grieve.
AF-FLI-GT'ED, a. Suffering affliction.
AF-FLl-GT'ED-NESS, n. The state of being af-
flicted: affliction.
AF-FLlT'EE, n. One who afflicts.
AF-FLl-GT-ING, ppr. or a. Causing pain ; grievous ;
distressing.
AF-FLl-0'TION, n. A state of continued grief or
calamity; a cause of such grief. SYN. Trouble;
distress: sorrow; adversity; misfortune. Afflic-
tion is the strongest of these terms, being a state
of prolonged suffering ; adversity andmts/orftuisare
general states ; distress is particular, being the
case of one under the stress or pressure of severe
pain, bodily or mental ; the other two words are
less strong-.
AF-FLl-GT'I VE, a. Giving pain ; causing affliction ;
distressing.
AF-FLIT'tVE-LY, ad. In a manner to give pain.
AF'FLU-ENCE, n. Abundance of any thing, es-
pecially riches. SYN. Opulence ; wealth ; plenty.
AF'FLU-ENT, a. Wealthy ; plentiful ; abundant.
AF'FLU-ENT, n. A smaller stream flowing into a
larger one or a lake, &c.
A.FTLU-ENT-LY, ad. In abundance ; abundantly.
AF'FLUX, ) n. The act of flowing
AF-FLCX'ION (-fluks'yun)J to; that which flows
to.
AF-FOED', i'. t. To produce as a natural result ;
to yield : to be able to sell, exchange, or expend.
SYN. To give ; impart ; confer ; supply.
AF-FOE'EST, v. t. To turn land into forest.
AF-FEAN'CHISE (-fran-chiz), v. t. To make free.
AF-FEAY' (-fra/), n. In law, fighting in a public
place. In common usage, a petty fight. SYN.
Quarrel ; scuffle ; encounter.
AF-FEEIGHT' (af-frate'), v. t. To charter for the
transportation of goods or freight.
AF-FEEIGHT'EE (-frater), n. The person whc
hires or charters a vessel to convey goods.
AF-FEIGHT' (af-frite'), v. t. To impress with sud-
den fear or alarm. SYN. To terrify; appall; dis-
may ; shock. [terror.
AF-FEIGHT' (-frtte'), n. Sudden or great fear ;
AF-FEONT' (af-frunf), n. Open and intentional
disrespect or ill-treatment. SYN. Insult; offence.
AF-FEONT' (af-frunt'), v. t. To treat abusively ; tc
offend. SYN. To insult ; provoke ; abuse ; out-
AF-FEONT'ED, a. In popular language, offended ;
displeased.
AF-FEONT'EE, n. One that affronts.
AF-FEONT'ING, ppr. or a. Abusing; contumeli-
ous.
AF-FEONT'lVE (-frfint'iv), a. Giving offence;
abusive.
AF-FO>E' (af-fuze'), v. t. To pour on.
A-FIELD', ad. To the field.
A-FIEE', a. or ad. On fire.
A-FLOAT' (-note), ad. In a floating state ; unfixed j
passing about.
A-FOOT', ad. On foot ; borne by the feet ; in mo-
tion.
A-FOEE', ad. and prep. Before ; in front of ; in time
past.
A-FOEE'GO-ING, a. Going before.
A-FOEE'HAND, ad. Beforehand ; before.
A-FOEE'MEN-TION.ED, ") ad. Spoken of or named
A-FOEE'SAID, j before.
A-FOEE'THOUGHT (-thaut), a. Premeditated.
A-FOEE'TIME, ad. In time past ; formerly ; of old.
^FOE-TI-0'EI(tbr-she-6'ri). [L.] With stronger
reason.
A-FOIJL', a. or ad. Not free ; entangled.
A-FEAID', a. Struck with fear. SYN. Fearful 3
apprehensive ; timid ; timorous ; frightened ;
alarmed; appalled.
A-FEESH', d. Anew ; over again.
A-FEONT' (-frttnt'), ad. In front.
AFT, ad. or a. Astern, or toward the stern.
AFT'EE (6), prep. Later in time; behind; accord-
ing to ; in search or pursuit of.
AFT'EE, ad. Subsequently ; later in time.
AFT'EE, a. Later; latter; toward the stern.
AFT'EE-AGES, n. Later ages ; succeeding times.
AFT'EE-BlETH, n. The membrane inclosing a
fetus.
A.FT'EE--LAP, n. Something disagreeable com-
ing unexpectedly after all was supposed to be over.
\FT'EE--eEOP, n. A second or subsequent crop.
VFT'EE-GAME, n. Subsequent plan or expedient.
VFT'EE-MATH, n. A seconder subsequent crop of
grass in the same year.
FT'EE-NOON', n. Time from noon to evening.
\FT'EE-PAINS, n. pi. Pains attending the deliv-
ery of the after-birth.
AFT'EE-PIECE, n. A piece performed after a play.
AFT'EE-THOUGHT (aft'er-thaut), n. Something
thought of after an act ; later thought.
} ad - In time subsequent.
AFT'EE-WIT, 7i. Wisdom that comes too late.
VGA, n. A Turkish commander or chief officer.
A.-GAIN' (a-gSn'), ad. A second time; once more;
besides ; in return : again and again, often.
A-GAINST' (a-gensf), prep. In opposition to ; op-
posite to; in contact with; in provision for.
AGA 11
t6VE, WOLF, BOQK, RULE, BULL, Vi"dOTJS.
AG'A-PE, 11. ; pi. AG'A-P-S:. A love-feast among the
primitive (
A-GAPE', ad. On the gape ; in a state of wonder or
eager attention.
AG'AE-ie, n. A genus of fungi; a;/
variety of carbonate of lime used in medicine.
AG'ATE, n. A precious stone composed chiefly of
quartz, variegated with colouring matter.
AG'A-TlNE, a. Pertaining to agate.
AG'A-TIZED (-tizd), a. Having the coloured lines
and figures of ;>
AG'A-TY, a, Of the nature of agate.
A-GA'VE, n. The American aloe.
AGE, n. Period of time ; space of time from birth
or beginning ; mature years ; time of life when
one may legally act for himself; oldness ; the de-
cline of life ; lapse of a generation ; a particular
period, as the Golden Age; a prolonged period
indefinitely. SYN. Epoch ; date ; era ; maturity.
A'GED (a'jed), a. Advanced in age or years; old;
ancient.
A'GED, n. Old persons.
A'GED-LY, ad. Like an aged person.
A'GEN-CY, n. State of acting or being in action ;
operation ; instrumentality ; office or duties of an
agent; bureau of an agent. SYN. Action; opera-
tion; efficiency.
. DA, n. pi. [L. Tilings io le done'] A memor-
andum-book ; the service or office of a church ;
a liturgy.
A-GEN'DUM, n. [.] That which is to be done.
See AGENDA.
A'GENT, n. A person or thing that acts or pro-
duces effects ; one who acts for another ; a deputy
A'GENT-SHIP, n. The office of an agent.
AG-GEE-A'TION (ad-jer-a'shun), n. A heaping;
accumulation.
AG-GLOM'EE-ATE, v. t. To gather into a boll or
mass.
AG-GLOM'EE-ATE, v. i. To grow or collect into a
ball or mass.
AG-GLOM-EE-A'TION, n. Act of gathering, or
state of being gathered into a ball or mass.
AG-GLtj'TIN-ANT, a. Uniting as glue.
AG-GLU'TIN-ANT, n. Any viscous substance
which causes adhesion.
AG-GLC'TIN-ATE, v. t. To unite or cause to ad-
here.
AG-GLC-TIN-ATION, n. The act of uniting, or
state of being united, as by glue.
AG-GLU'TIN-A-TIVE, a. That tends to unite
AG'GEAND-IZE, v. t. To make great ; to exalt ;
to dignify; to enlarge, applied to things. SYN.
To augment ; promote ; advance ; increase.
AG-GEAND'iZE-MENT or AG'GEAND-IZE-
MENT, n. The act of aggrandizing or state of
being aggrandized ; exal
AG'GBAND-lZ-EE, n. One who aggrandizes.
AG'GEA-VATE, v. t. To make worse or greater ;
to give colouring in description ; to exaggerate.
SYN. To heighten; raise; in- nify
AG'GEA-VA-TED, pp. or a. Made worse; in-
creased.
AG-GEA-VA'TIOX, n. A making worse ; the act
of aggravating; that which aggravates; exagger-
ation.
AG'GEE-GATE, v. t. To collect or heap together.
SYN. To accumulate ; pile.
AG'GEE-GATE, a. Collected or taken together
total.
AG'GEE-GATE, n. The whole of several particu-
lars. SYX. Mass; assemblage; collection; sum
total; lump.
AG-GEE-GA'TION, n. The act of gathering into a
mass ; wholo mass ; union of like bodies.
AG'GEE-GA-TlVE, a. Causing aggregation; col-
lective.
AG'GEE-GA-TOE, n. He that collects into a mass.
AG-GELSS', v. i. To encroach upon with violence
or iniury.
AG-GEES'SION (-grSsh'un), n. The first attack, or
act of injury. SYN. Attack; assault; invasion.
AGR
e as K ; & as j ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
AG-GEfiS'SIVE, a. Tending to aggress ; making the
first attack or encroachment.
AG-GEESS'OE, n. One who begins to attack or
injure. SYN. Assaulter ; invader. An aggressor
is one who begins a quarrel or encroachment ; an
ttor is one who makes a violent onset; an
invader is one who enters by force into the pos-
sessions of another.
AG-GEIEVE' (greey'), v. t To give pain or sor-
row; to vex by injustice or wrong ; to injure.
A-GHAST', ") a. or ad. Struck with horror; aston-
A-GAST, j ished; horrified.
AG'ILE (aj'il),. Quick of motion. SYN. Nimble;
active; lively; brisk.
A(V I LE-NESS, I n. Power to move quickly ; quick-
A-G1L'I-TY, j ness of motion. SYN. Niinble-
; activity ; liveliness ; briskness.
A'GI-O, n.; 1)1. A'GIOS. [It.] Literally, difference; a
premium on exchanges, especially of paper or in-
_ ferior money for better.
A'GI-O-TAGE, n. The manoeuvres of speculators to
>r depress the funds ; stock -jobbing.
AG'I-TATE, v. t. To put in motion or commotion;
to consider on all sides, as a question ; to discuss.
SYN. To shake ; excite; rouse ; disturb; revolve.
AG'I-TA-TED, pp. or a. Shaken; disturbed; de-
bated.
AG-I-TA'TION, n. Act of agitating; state of being
agitated; perturbation of mind; discussion. SY.
Disturbance ; excitement ; debate.
AG'I-TA-TIVE. a. Having power or tendency to
agitate.
AG'I-TA-TOE, n. One who agitates ; a disturber
of the public mind.
AG'NAIL, n. A disease of the nail ; whitlow.
AG'NATE, a. Eclated on the father's side ; n. any
male relation by the father's side.
AG-NATION, n. Eelation by the father's side.
AG-NI"TION (-nish'un), n. An acknowledgment.
AG-NWHEN n. [L] An additional name given on
account of some exploit, as Scipio Africanus.
AG'NUS GAS'TUS, n. [L.] The chaste-tree, so
called from its imaginary power to preserve chas-
tity.
AG'NUS DE'I, n. [L.] In the Roman Catholic
Clmrcli, a cake of wax bearing the figure of a lamb ;
prayer beginning with these words.
A-GO', ad. or a. Past ; gone, as a year ago.
A-GOG', ad. In a state of eager hope, desire, or
curiosity.
A-GO ING, ppr. In motion ; going ; ready to go.
A-GONE' (20) (a-gawn'), d. Ago; past; since.
AG'O-NISM, n. Contention for a prize.
AG'O-NIST, n. One who contends for the prize in
Sublic games ; a prize-fighter.
-O-NtST'I, \a. Eelating to prize-fighting
AG-O-NIST'I-G-AL, 3 or contests of strength.
AG'O-NIZE, v. i. To writhe with extreme pain;
to suffer violent anguish ; to struggle.
AG'O-NIZE, v. t. To distress with extreme pain ;
to torture.
AG'O-NIZ-ING, ppr. or a. Giving extreme pain;
suffering from extreme pain.
AG'O-NIZ-ING-LY, ad. With extreme anguish.
AG'ONY, n. Pain that causes writhing ; extreme
suffering. SYN. Anguish; pang. .Agony and pong
denote a severe paroxysm of pain (agony being
the greater) ; anguish is prolonged suffering ; the
anguish of remorse, the pangs or agonies of dis-
solution.
A-GRAM'MA-TIST, n. An illiterate person.
A-GEA'EI-AN, a. Eelating or tending to equal di
vision of lands. [sion of property.
A-GEA'EI-AN, n. One who favours an equal <livi-
A-GEA'EI-AN-ISM, n. An equal division of land
or property, or the principles of those who favour
such a division.
A-GEEE', v. i. To be of one mind ; to be consistent;
to settle amicably; to strike a bargain; to be
reconciled. SYN. To accede ; assent ; consent.
A-GEEE' A- BLE, a. Pleasing to the mind or senses;
suitable ; in conformity with.
AGR
12
ALK
*, fi, &c., lon^. X, , &c., sliort. CAKE, FAR, LAST,
A-GEEE'A-BLE-NESS, n. Pleasantness ; conforru-
A-GREE'A-BLY, ad. Consistently; pleasingly.
A-GEEED 7 , a. Settled by consent ; fixed.
A-GEEE'MENT, n. A state of agreeing, or being
in harmony or resemblance; concord; conformity;
a compact as to things agreed on; a convenaiit.
SYN. Union ; concurrence ; accordance; contract.
A-GBESn-0, ") a. Pertaining to the fields ;
A-GEES'Tie-AL,J rural; unpolished; rustic.
AG'EI-UL-TOE, n. One who tills the ground ; a
farmer.
AG-KI-G'OLT'CE-AL (-kiilt-yur-al), a. Delating to
agriculture.
AG'EI-ULT-CHE (ag'ri-kult-yur), n. Tillage or
culture*' fanning : 'husbandry.
AG-EI- ST, 71. Quo skilled in agricul-
ture ; a husbandman ; a fi:r
AG'EI-MO-NY, o. A plant, mildly astringent.
:)UND', ad. On U
A'GCE .-hilly lit ; a chill connected with
an intermitting fever.
A'GU-ISH, a. Like an ague ; shivering.
, joy, contempt, de-
fiance, pity, &c.
A-II.V, cr. Denoti: , triumph or surprise.
A-HKAD' (a-hrd'), ad. In front; onward; in ad-
vance ; headlong.
AID (ude), v. t. ' To afi'ord assistance. SYN. To
; help ; succour ;
AID, n. He who or that which gives assistance.
SYN. H '. . succour.
AIDE-DE-CAMP (ad'e-kawng), n. ; pi. A<
on a high i
officer to convey his or
AID/LESS (adless), a. Helpless; unsupported,;
Al'GEET (u'gret), n. A name of the small white
heron.
ATdinYL'Ti: fa'gret), n. [Fr.] A tuft, as of feathers,
diamonds, &c.
Al'GU-LET, 11. The tag on fringes, &c.
ALL (ale), n. Disorder; indisposition; pain.
AIL (fdc), v. t. To trouble; to aifect with uneasi-
ness.
AIL, y. i. To feel pain ; to be troubled.
AI-LAN'TUS, 11. A tree from the East, of a bean-
tiful appearance, but an offensive odour.
AII/MENT, n. Morbid affection of the body ; dis-
AlM, n. The pointing of a missile, weapon, etc.,
towaiv : object thus poi,'
motion or desiyii SYN. Direction; end:
tion ; purpose ; scope.
AIM, v. i. To take sight ; to direct ; to design ; to
_ attempt.
AIM, v. t. To point or direct toward.
ALE (4), n. The fluid which we breathe ; a tune ;
ranee ; mien of a person ; affected manner.
AIE, v. t. To expose to the air ; to ventilate ; to dry
ir and warmth.
AIE'-BLAD-DEE, n. A vesicle or cuticle filled with
air ; bladder of a fish.
AIE'-BUiLT (-bilt), a. Erected in the air ; fanciful.
AIE'-CELLS, n. pi. Cells containing air.
AIE'-DEAWN, a. Drawn in air ; visionary.
AIE'-GL'N, 11. A gun to be discharged by the elas-
tic force of air.
AIE'-HOLE, n. An opening to admit or discharge
air.
AIE'I-LY, ad. Gayly; merrily; sprightly.
AIE'I-NESS, n. Openness to the air ; levity ; gaiety.
AIE ING, n. A short excursion in the open air;
exposure to air and warmth.
AIE -PIPE, 7i. A pipe for conducting air, as from a
_ ship's
AITl' -PLANT, TV. A plant deriving nutriment from
the air only.
AIE'-POMP, n. A machine for exhausting the air
_ of a vessel.
n. pi. Lofty or disdainful carriage.
AIB'-SHAFT, n. A passage for air into a mine.
FA.LL, WHAT; THRE, TERM; MARINE, B!RD;
AIE'-TIGHT (-tite), a. Impervious to air.
AIE'-VES-SEL, n. A vessel in plants or insects
containing air.
AIE'Y, a. Having the nature or properties of air;
high in the air ; open to the air ; 1m \
ness of air ; moving lightly ; full of levity ; unsub-
stantial.
-4 ISLE, > (He) n. A walk or passage in a church ;
.AILE, ) side portion of a church.
A-JAR', ad. Partly open, as a door.
AJ'0-TAGE, ) n. A discharge-tube, as of a fount-
AD'JU-TAGE, $ ain.
A-K I M'BO, a. With a crook, as arms akimbo.
A-K I N', a. Allied by blood ; of the same properties
rel;
AL'A-BAS-TEE, n. A white semi-translucent va-
_ riety of gypsum or sulphate of lime.
AL'A-BAS-TEE, a. Made of alabaster; very white.
Noting sorrow ; alas.
. A-DAY, int. An exclamation expressive of
Iness.
A-LA<J'EI-TY, n. Cheerful readiness. SYN. Brisk-
ness; liveliness; glee; hilarity; ji.
A-L A -M< >DE', ad. According to the mode or fashion
A-LA-MODE' 7i. Tliiu bhick silk.
A - L \ NTUS, See AILANTUS.
A-LA1JM', 11. ' iiger; summons to anns ;
sudden surprise with fear; contrivance to
persons from sleep or call attention. SYN. i
terror ; consternation ; apprehension. . I
the dread of impending <i '.i/i, fear
that it may be approach! ing and
..'.-ifcrnatioji is terror which over-
r.s the faculties.
A-LAIiM', v. t. To give notice of danger; to fill
[danger.
A-LAEM'-BKLL, n. A bell that gives notice ol
r-f;LOCK, 71. A clock made to ring at any
'i our.
r a. Giving notice of approach-
: exciting apprehension ; terrifying.
A-L \ K M'IX'1-LY, ad. In an alarming manner.
A-LAEM1ST, 71. One who is accustomed to pro-
r or excite alarm.
T, 71. A place to which troops are to
lariii.
I '-WATCH (-wutch), n. A watch that strikes
the hour at' any given time.
A-LA'EUM, 7i. Same as alarm ; applied chiefly to
-aed to a clock for sounding an
! or calling attention.
. ex. Expressive of sorrow, grief, or pity.
A'LATE, ) a. Winged; having dilatations like
A-LA'TED, j wi,
ALB, ii. A sacerdotal vestment of white linen.
TA, ii. A kind of German silver.
AL'BA-TEOSS, n. A very large sea bird.
AL-BK'IT, ronj. and ad. Although; notwithstanding.
AL-BKS'CENT, a. Becoming white ; whitish.
AL-BI-FI-f lA'TION, n. Making white.
AL-BI-GEN'SES, n. pi. A reforming sect in the
south of France, which separated from the Church
of Eome in the 12th century.
AL'BI-NISM, n. The state or condition of an al-
bino.
AL-BI'NO, n. A white descendant of black parents;
a person whose skin and hair are unnaturally
white.
AL-BU-GlN'E-OUS, a. Pertaining to the white of
-, and hence to the white of the eye.
AL-BC'GO, 71. A white spot in the eye.
AL BUM, n. A book for the insertion of autographs
or literary mementos ; a white table or register
among the Eomans.
AL-BU MEN, . A constituent part of animal bodies
existing pure in the white of an egg. Also, a soft
white substance in plants.
AL-BC'MIN-OUS, a. Pertaining to albumen.
AL-BCEN'UM, n. The wliite and softer part of
1 next to the bark, called sap icood.
} *'
The universal solvent.
ALC
13
ALL
o6vK, WOLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BFLL ; vf'cious. e as K j 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
In Spain, the governor of a castle or
fort ; also a jailer.
A.L--eAL'DE, n. In Spain, a magistrate or judge.
AL-eHEM'I-AL, a. Relating to alchemy.
AL-HEM'I-AL-LY, ad. In the manner of
alchemy.
AL'HEM-IST, n. One skilled in alchemy.
AL-HEM-1STT-AL, a. Practising alchemy.
AL'!HE-]VIY, n. Occitlt chemistry. The proposed,
but imaginary art of the transmutation of base
metals into gold, and of finding the grand catho-
licon and the universal solvent.
AL'tO-HOL, n. Pure or highly rectified spirits;
more loosely applied to ardent spirits in general.
')!/!, a. Relating to alcohol.
AL-O-HOL'I
AL'-eO-RAN,
AL'IEN-A-TOR, n.
alienates.
AL-IENE' (al-yene'), v. t.
transfer property.
One that transfers property, or
To estrange ; to sell ; to
See KORAN and ALKORAN.
AL-IEN-EE' (al-yeii-ee'), n. One to whom a thing
is transferred. [an alien.
AL'IEN-ISJVI (ale'yen-izrn), n. The state of being
AL'I-FORM, a. Haying the shape of a wing.
A-LIGHT' (-lite), v. i. To come down ; to descend;
to dismount, as from a horse.
A-LIGN'MENT, n. The fixing of a line, as in making
a railroad ; the line thus established.
A-LIKE', ad. In the same manner or form.
A-LTKE', a. Similar; like.
AL'I-MENT, n. That which feeds or supports.
SYN. Food ; nourishment ; support ; nutriment.
AJ\J\J~JC^AJ^ s It. OCtJ JVUiVAlN itllU. ^-V-L.iW-'JLXJi.i.-s . KJi-Ll. J- w^t-i , AiWL*.J.J.OAJ.-U.A^lAU , 9 Mjkrr\S.L U , iAU.UJ.XiJJ.CllU.
AL'-OVE or AL-OVE'. n. A recess of a library or AL-I-MENT'AL, ] a. Pertaining- to food or ali-
of a chamber; any shady recess. AL-I-MENT'A-RY, ) ment; supplying food ; nu-
AL'DER, . A tree of several varieties.
AL'DER-M \N, n. ; pi. AL'DER-MEN. A city magis-
trate next in rank below the mayor.
AL'DER-MAN-LY, a. Becoming an alderman.
ALE, n A fermented liquor made of malt and hops .
ALE--e6N'NER, n. An officer who inspected ale-
house measures, [of a cock.
A-LIvC'TRY-G-MAN-CY, n. Divination by means
AL E-GAR, n. Sour ale.
ALE'-HOOF, n. A kind of root ; ground ivy.
ALE'-HOUSE, n. A place where ale is sold.
A-LEM'BI-G, n. A chemical vessel, usually of glass
or metal, used in distillation.
AL'E-RE FLAM'MAM. [.] " To feed the flame ;"
to increase the tendency.
tritive.
AL-I-MENT-A'TION, 7i. The act or power of af-
fording nutriment ; state of being nourished.
AL-I-MENT'lVE-NESS, n. The phrenological or-
Sn of appetite for food or drink.
[-MO'NI-OUS, a. Nourishing.
AL'I-MO-NY, n. A separate maintenance for a
woman who is separated from her husband.
| AL'I-OTH, 7i. A star in the tail of the Great Bear.
AL'I-PED, o. Wing-footed ; n, an animal whose
toes are connected by a membrane which serves
as wings, as the bat. [mainder.
AL'I-QUANT, o. That does not divide without re-
AL'I-QUOT, a. That divides or measures exactly,
or without remainder.
A-LRT'~(13), a. Notingwatchful activity or readi- A-LIVE', a. Having life ; not dead ; active; sus-
ness ; on the alert, on the watch. Svx. Brisk ; : _ ceptible ; in force.
prompt lively AL'KA-HEST, n. A pretended universal solvent.
A-LERT'LY, ad. Quickly ; nimbly ; briskly. | AL-KA-LES'CENT, a. ' Tending to the properties
A-LERT'NESS, n. Watchful activity or readiness. of an alkali.
AL'KA-LI or AL'KA-LT, n. ; pi. AL'KA-LIES. A sub-
stance of acrid tasto, and capable of neutralizing
acids ; chiefly of three kinds, vegetable, as potash;
mineral, as soda ; and volatile, as ammonia.
AL-KAL'I-FY, v. i. To convert into an alkali or to
become alkaline.
AL-KA-LtG'E-NOUS, a. Producing alkali.
AL-KA-LIM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
SYN. Briskness ; watchfulness ; promptitude.
ALE'-WlFE, n. ; pi. ALE'WIVES. An American fish
resembling a herring. (Ind. Aloof.)
AL-EX-AN'DRINE, n. A verse of twelve syllables,
or six Iambic feet.
A-LEX-I-PHARM'K!, ") n. What expels or resists
A-LEX-I-TER'K), j poison ; a. expelling poison
or infection.'
AL'GA, n. [L.] Sea weed.
AIJGJE, 11. pi. [L.] An order of subaqueous plants,
including the sea weeds.
AL'GE-BRA, n. [Ar.] The science of computing by
signs or symbols (as the letters of the alphabet) in-
stead of figures, thus forming a kind of universal
arithmetic.
AL-6E-BRA'I, ") a. Pertaining to or performed
AL-fiE-BR ATG- A L, j by algebra.
AL-GE-BRA'I-AL-LY. ad. By means of algebra.
AL-('!E-BRA'IST, n. One who is skilled in algebra.
AL-GE-Rl'NE' (-reen'), a. Belonging to Algiers.
AL'GO-RITHM, ) w. An Arabic term signifying
Al/GO-RISM, 3 numerical computation.
AL'GOUS, a. Pertaining to sea weed.
AL'GUA-ZIL, ) (al'ga-zeel), (n. A Spanish officer
AL-GUA-ZLL', j (al-ga-zeel'), I of justice.
A'LI-AS, ad. [L.] Otherwise ; n. a second writ.
AL'I-BI. [L.J Elsewhere. To plead an alibi is to
show that the accused was in some other place
when the crime was committed.
iL'IEN (ale'-yen), a. Foreign; belonging to a for-
eigner ; estranged.
AL'IEN, n. A foreigner who has not been natural-
ized ; a stranger.
AL-IEN-A-BlL'I-TY, n. The capacity of being
alienated.
AL'IEN-A-BLE, a. That may be transferred or sold.
AL'IEN-AGE, n. The state of being an alien.
AL'IEN-ATE (ale'yen-ate), v. t. To estrange; to
make indifferent 01 averse ; to sell or transfer ; to
apply to a wrong use.
AL'IEN-ATE, a. Estranged; stranger to.
AL-IEN-A'TION (al-yen-a'shun), n. A making over
or transference, as of property ; the state of being
alienated; estrangement; disorder of mind.
ing the strength of alkalies.
AL-KA-LIM'E-TRY, n. The art of measuring the
strength of alkalies.
AL'KA-LINE (-liu or line), a. Having the qualities
of an alkali.
AL-KA-LlN'I-TY, n. The quality which consti-
tutes an alkali.
AL'KA-LIZE, v. t. To make alkaline.
AL'KA-LOLD, n. A vegetable principle having
alkaline qualities.
AL'KA-NET, n. A. plant yielding a red dye.
AL-KERM'ES, n. A cordial made chiefly of kerines
berries.
AL'KO-RAN, 7i. The Mohammedan sacred book.
See KORAN.
ALL, a. The whole ; every one. In composition it
enlarges the meaning or adds force to a word, and
it is generally more emphatic than most ; as alt
powerful. Such compounds usually explain them-
selves, and therefore but few will be here eiven.
ALL-FOOLS DAY, n. The first of April, when it
" is a popular custom to play off tricks or mako
fools.
ALL-FOURS', n. pi. A game at cards ; to go on all-
fours is to creep on the hands and knees.
ALL-HAIL', ex. A kindly salutation, denoting all
health be to you.
ALL-HAL'LOW, > n. All-Saints' day, the first of
ALL-HAL'LOWS, j November.
ALL-HAL'LOW-TIDE, n. The time near All-
" Saints.
ALL-SAINTS'-DAY, n. The first day of November ;
" a feast in honour of all the saints.
ALL-SOULS'DAY, n. The se-cond day of November ;
a Roman Cat.holic solemnity held to pray for tha
souls of the faithful.
ATT.
14
ALM
X. t, Ac. lmg.l, 1, Ac., krt.-clM, rim, LAST.
ALL
S, i. UphS
Sufficient to
n.-. God.
-nembrane, situated
AL-
;Vr -, IMSSMIMS, ft -. >-.:.- 7 ^i.cck; aj.jHsis*; :
'
AL-HY'. S A:
He or that which allays.
act of quieting; state of
re--t .ifr. r ii-t-iri HMfl : tL.it which alia vs.
. ,' to the mountains
' ;ef ride* of mountains in
. f N r*h Ani.-ri.~i.
Declaration; the thing dc-
cl tred or alleged ; plea.
. r. t To produce as an argu-
MMij I : . -.r OMBM : to >.ri:i :..rw.ir L SY.V To
AL-
AL-
AL-
A L
AL-
AL-
so
aw be aft .- l.
: 1 . . A '.-:.. ! : MM :" . 1.
The obligation or duty of a
-lent.
:". In the manner of allegory;
Tu,:.n.: r .
V. ad. In an allegorical
n. The quality of he-
One who teaches by allegory.
rm aa allegory.
with
e less quick
*^> I
Ei:i i.
:h , n. Praise to Jehovah.
A slow air in common time, or
Lh a alow movement; a brisk
To lighten or remore in part,
To lessen ; diminish ; mitigate ;
tsy. These words are all figurative.
wpposes a load, as of cere, which is Kght-
' something fierce, which is
AL-
AL-
4L-
AL
AL
lighter or
The act of malrinsr liehter ;
tion; that which i:
mble. 8rs. Mitigation"; di-
alk.
nrlic.
,
ot at-
F4LL, WH>T: THEE, TXKX ; MA RISK, Btan;
American crocodile.
The near collocation of
the same 1-
._' to alliteration.
.cateof an allow-
N', n. An address, applied r
lr--^ oftha iV-pe to hi- clor^--
H. Land held in one's own .
n. A pass or thrnst with a
rd, as in fencing.
. One that
the nilos of ailop.it h\ .
The mode
at from
<-C.
AL-LO-t
AL-UCOH
r.ipier
the diseases ; opposed to fcomeopot/ty.
ate in portions; to parcel
lej asaen; appor
allo-
To suffer to pass ; nr
as, tooUotr aclaim, a ! :
is stronger, implying consent. STB. To grant;
That may be allowed; lawful;
.. ::::rr. ! . - tr\i, r j.r --.cr.
1. In an allowable ma:
The act of allowing or admit-
abstemeat ; stated or limited qua:.
. put upon allowance.
metal with ano;
or deteriorate by mix*
, *. A hsv- xed with n
a mixture of metals ; that which reduces
n. The act of alloying or miring
r tfffTBtk. >-i*. '!'' eutic^; de:-"y : s..-i:ice.
We are olliirtd to evil by some promised good ; we
are enticed into it through our passions ; we are
educed when drawn aside from the path of rec-
tltll'l.?.
. That which allures or en-
. One who allures, entices, or tempts,
j <-. or a. Tempting by apparent
.ting; plesiriTig.
i. In an allnring manner.
Die quality of allnring or
VtfBf ' ;- ''- rr..-i..;-ct of --in.- ^Ov-1.
nee; in
y which some word or phrase in
a sentence calls to mind a similar object of a well-
-triking nature.
.ting at ; referring to indirectly.
AL-L i. In an a.
NESS, n. The quality of being allu-
rtainincr to alluvion ; washed
d by water.
carried by the motion of
water and .deposited.
A. The matter de-
* washing of floods, Ac.
r. t. Toui..
n. ; pi. AL-LIES/. One who is united by
compact, marriage, Ac. ; a confederate.
AL1IA-ANTAB. See AunrcAKTAS,
n. A book of problems in astronomy
and geometry, drawn up by Ptolemy.
AL'MA MA"I / Fosterimr mr-
term applied to the institution where one was ed-
ATM
15
DOVE, WQLF, BOQK ; R^LE, BULL ; VICIOUS. C OS K I
AI/MA-NA, n. A calendar of months, weeks,
celestial phenomena, and other matters, for
the
ALTVIEH, n. A danciv '.T>t.
AIrMl< A power to do
aUthi
AL-MIGHTT (-ml'ty), a. All-powerful; of un-
limited power.
AL-MIGHTT, n. God; the Supreme E
AL'MOND. (It is popularly pronounced a'mond.)
n. The fruit of the ;ilmond tree.
. A kind of furnace used
ALTSIONDS, of the ' Two roun-T
the tonsils.
ALTVION-ER, n. One who distributes aim
Al/MON-RY, n. A ::lms.
ratuitous gift
poor ; a chaiitable donation.
ALINI 'Ctofchari'
. The bestowment of charity.
. A house for the poor who sub-
on charity.
AL'GUM-TEEE, > supposed to be sandal wood.
K
n. Ameas
.-<;ER,)n. : inted to
-A-GAR,J :
AL'OE (8T6), /(.; . ofseve-
, 7i. The in - : oe of the aloe ;
tking of
AL-p-ETI-AL,j the
Al/O-l
side of; near ; implying extended motion or posi-
< j'SlDE, ad. By the side of a
A-LOOF', ad. At a distance.
A-LOyiy, ad. Loudly ; with great r
AL-PA'A, n. The Peruvian sheep ; a variety of
Llama; cloth made of I
AL'PHA, 71. : i-eek alphabet,
used to denote ;
AL'PHA-BET
ranged in the custom
ALTHA-BET, u. t. To arrange in the order of an
alpL
AL-PHA-BET'I, ") a. In the order of an al-
AL-PHA-BKT I-AL, ) ph :! [alv
AL-PHA-BKT'K'-AL-LY. .;.!. According to the
AL'PI-f'lENE, a. Produced in ons.
AL'PINE, a. Pertaining to the Alps ; very high ;
sometimes pronounced
AL-READT Before this time ; now.
AL'SO, ad. or conj. Likewise ; in like manner ; too.
ALT. [It.] A term applied to the high notes in
music.
AL-TA'I, p. Relating to hi-h mountains i
ALTAR (awl'tar), a.
offerings to a deit
the communion a church.
ALTAR-A<';E, n. The i>r
oblations, or on account of the a!
ALTAR-LGTH, n. A cloth to lay upon an altar
in churches.
ALTAR-PIECE, n. A painting placed over the
altar ; entire decoration of an
ALTER (awl'ter), v. t. To make some change in.
ALTER, TJ. i. To become di I!
AL'TER-A-BLE, a. That may i
ALTER-A-BLE-NESS, ) n. The quality of being
tible of change.
AM
6 as 3 ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS
;tlterable ma
a. i. To contend in words ; to
Wran
>), n. A dispute wh
ro partk
y turns ; al
Offering
&JVTER-A-BiL'I-TY,
suscept
an alt'
. By turns; in succes-
iie other.
r perform by
That which ha 1
, ad. Mutually ; by turns ;
one
mutual correspondence ; acting alternates,
cipro
ION,>(9), n. The reciprocal
i". j sion oi
chosen or omit
. n. The q-
w ; ad>
speech ; p
nding; po:
11. In
ibove the horizon.
-
he counter-tenor.
. relief
:e standing out nearly de-
Wholly ; entirely ;
AL-TO
emical pot open
: composed of
An earth com
> and oxygen ; pure c'.
alum.
US, a. Contaitnng or like alum.
. The metallic b.
i SH, a! Having the nature of alum.
.ate of a literary or scientific i
\ - RY, n. A bee-hive ; the hollow oi
1 >-LAR, ") : hollow
4I/VE-O-LA-BY, j" cells, or ]
ALTE-O-LATE, a. Pitted, like a honey comb.
n), a. Belonging to or coming from
ines.
, } ad. For ever; ever; continually;
A.M. The ini master
of art- c of th
world ; and of Ante Mer uoon
Ail. The first person of the verb to be.
AMA
16
i, E, &c., long. I, , &c., sJiorf. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
iM'A-DOTJ, n. A species of boletus, caUed German AM'BIT, n. The circuit or compass of any thing.
tinder from its inflammability. [once. AM-Bi"TION" (-bish'un), n. Eager desire of powe
A-MAIN', ad. With all force ; without stop ; at fame, or superiority. SYN. Eagerness ; avidity
A-MAL'GAM, n. A mixture of quicksilver with aspiration ; greediness.
another metal ; any mixture. AM-B1"TIOTJS, a. Eagerly desirous of powe
A-MAL'GAM-ATE, v. t. To mix metals with quick
silver ; hence, to mix different things intimately.
A-MAL'GAM-ATE, v. i. To unite in an amalgam
for any intimate connection ; to blend.
A-MAL-GAM-A'TION, n. The mixing of mercury
with another metal; the mixing or blending o
different things.
A-MAN-U-EN'SIS, n. ; pi. A-MAN-U-EN'SES. A writei
of what another dictates ; a secretary.
AM'A-RANTH, n. A genus of plants including
Astonishing ; wonderful.
In a manner to astonish;
Prince's feather, &c. ; an imaginary flower thai
never fades ; a piirplish colour.
AM-A-RANTH'lNE, a. Belonging to, consisting of,
or resembling amaranth ; unfading.
A-MAR'I-TCDE, n. Bitterness.
A-MASS' (6), v. t. To collect into a heap. SYN. To
heap up ; accumulate ; pile up ; gather.
A-MASS'MENT, n. A heap ; accumulation.
AM-A-TEUR' (am-a-tur'), n. An unprofessional
cultivator of a studj^ or art.
AM'A-TIVE-NESS, n. Propensity to love.
AM-A-TO'RI-AL,) a. Relating to or induced by
AM'A-TO-RY, I love.
AM-A-TO'RI-AN, a. Pertaining to love.
AM-AU-RO'SIS, 11. A decay of sight arising from
paralysis of the retina and optic nerve.
A-MAZE' v. t. Literally, to throw into a maze ; to
confound with surprise and wonder ; to perplex ;
n. astonishment ; perplexity.
A-MAZ'ED-LY, ad. With amazement.
A-MAZ'ED-NESS, n. Astonishment ; great wonder.
A-MAZE'MENT, n. A mingled feeling of surprise
and wonder. SYN. Astonishment; admiration;
perplexity ; confus:
A-MAZTNGppr. or a
A-MAZ'ING-LY, ad.
wonderfully.
AM'A-ZON, n. A virago ; a masculine or warlike
woman.
AM-A-ZO'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to Amazons or to
Amazonia, or the river Amazon.
AM'A-ZONS, n. pi. In Ancient History, a fabulous
nation of i'emale warriors.
AMB and AM. About ; around ; used in compo-
sition.
AM-BAS'SA-DOR, n. An envoy of the highest rank
sent to a foreign government. Sec EMBASSADOR.
AM'BER, n. A fossil resin, yellowish in colour,
highly electrical when rubbed, and much used for
ornaments.
AM'BER, o. Consisting of or resembling amber ;
of the colour of amber.
AM'BER-GRIS (-greese), n. A fragrant animal
substance used in perfiunery, &c.
AM-BI-DEXTER (am-be-deks'ter), n. One who
uses both hands with equal facility ; a double
dealer.
AM-BI-DEX-TER'I-TY, > n. The power of us-
AM-BI-DEX'TROUS-NESS, f ing both hands with
equal ease ; double deah'ng.
AM-BI-DEX'TROUS, a. Double dealing; having
the faculty of using both hands with equal ease.
AM'BI-ENT, a. Encompassing ; surrounding.
AM'BI- G U, n. [*Y.] An entertainment with a medley
of dishes.
AM-BI-GtF'I-TY, n. A double meaning ; doubtful-
ness or uncertainty of meaning.
AM-BlG'C-OUS (-big'yu-us), a. Doubtful; having
more than one meaning ; equivocal.
AM-BlG'0-OUS-LY, ad. In an ambiguous manner ;
equivocally.
AM-BIG'0-OUS-NESS, n. Doubtfulness; ambig-
uity ; and hence, obscurity.
AM-BlL'O-GY, n. Talk, or language of doubtful
meaning. [sions.
AM-BIL'O-QTJOUS, a. Using ambiguous expres-
AM-BiL'O-QUY, n. Talk of ambiguous meaning.
In an ami
fame, or superiority ; showi
AM-B1"TIOUS-LY (-bish'us-]
tious manner.
AM-BI"TIOUS-NESS, n. The quality of being ar
bitious ; ambition.
AM'BLE, v. i. To move gently, as a horse dot
when lifting two legs on the same side at once
hence, to move affectedly.
AM'BLE, n. A peculiar pace of a horse, in whic
the two legs move together on the same side.
with iodid (
AM'BLER, n. A horse which ambles.
AM'BLING, ppr. or a. Lifting the two legs on tl
same side at first going off, and then changing.
AM'BO, \n. A desk or pulpit Li early Christia
AM'BON, ) churches.
AM-BRO'SIA (-brO'zha), n. The imaginary food <
the gods ; a plant.
AM-BRO'SIAL (-bro'zhal), a. Partaking of the n;
ture of ambrosia ; delicious; fragrant.
AM-BRO'SIAN, a. Pertaining to St. Ambrose.
AM'BRO-TYPE, n. A daguerreotype taken
plate of glass covered on the back wit
, silver.
AM'BRY, n. An almonry ; a pantry.
AMBS'ACE (amz'ace), n. A double ace.
AM'BU-LANCE, n. [Fr.] A moveable hospital fc
the wounded, used in armies.
AM BU-LANT, a. Walking ; moving from place t
place.
AM'BU-LATE, v. i. To walk ; to move hither an
thither.
AM-BU-LA'TION, n. The act of walking ; walkin
about.
AM'BU-LA-TO-RY, a. Walking; moving; n.
place to walk in.
AM'BU-RY, ) n. A swelling on a horse, full c
\N'BU-RY, j blood.
AM'BUS-GADE, n. Literally, a lying in a wood
a concealed state, where men lie in wait to sui
prise others ; a lying in wait ; the men thus con
cealed.
r\M-BUS-ADE', v. t. To lie in wait ; to attac!
_ from a concealed position.
AM'BUSH, n. A concealed station for troops to li
in wait in ; a lying in wait.
\M'BUSH, v. t. To lie in wait for; to surprise ; t>
place in ambush.
AM'BUSH-MENT, n. An ambush, which see.
A-MEL'IOR-ATE (-mel'yor-), v. t. To make better
to improve.
A-MEL'IOR-ATE, v. i To grow better ; to meliorate
A-MEL-IOR-A'TION (a-ma-yor-a'shun), n. A mak
ing better ; improvement.
A-MEN'. So be it ; verily ; n. truth. In singing
Sonounced a-men.
K-NA-B1'L'I-TY, \n. A state of being amen
A-ME'NA-BLE-NESS,3 able.
A-MG'NA-BLE, a. Liable to answer or give an ac
count ; responsible.
A-MEND', v. t. To correct; to make better in i
moral sense, as to amend our ways ; to supply
defect, as to amend a bill. SYN. To correct ; re
form ; rectify. To amend is literally to tak(
away blots, and hence to remove faults ; to reform
is to form over again for the better ; to correct is
to make straight or right ; to rectify is to set right
We rectify abuses, mistakes, &c. ; correct errors ,
we re/or m or amend our lives.
-MEND', v. i. To grow better ; to improve morally,
A-MKND'A-BLE, a. That may be amended.
-MEND'A-TO-RY, o. Containing amendment ;
corrective.
A-MEN DE' (a-miind'), n. [Fr.] Fine ; reparation ;
retraction. Amende honorable, formerly in France
an infamous punishment, now a public recantation
or apology for injury done.
-MEND'ER, n. The person that amends.
A ME
17
AMU
D6vE, WQLF, BO<?K ; RULE, BT7LL ; vI"cioiJ3. e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; *HI8.
Liable to amercement.
A fine at the discretion o:
A-MEXD'MENT, n. A change for the better ; an
addition to a motion, bill, &c., with a view to
change or improvement.
A-MENDS' (a-mendz'), n. pi. Recompense; satis
faction.
A-MEXT-TY, n. Pleasantness of situation or ad
dress,
A-MERCE' (13), v. t. To fine at the discretion o:
the court.
A-MEBCE'A-BLE, a.
A-MERCE MEiNT, n.
the court.
A-MER1-!AN-IffiM, n. A word, idiom, or some
other thing peculiar to Americans ; the love o
Americans for their own country or its interests.
A-MERT-AN-IZE, v. t. To render American.
AM'E-THYST, n. A precious stone of a violet blue
colour.
AM-E-THtSTlNE, o. Like an amethyst.
A-MI-A-BIL'I-TY, n. Arniableness ; loveliness.
A'MI-A-BLE, a. Worthy to be loved. SYN. Love
ly; charming; delightful; pleasing.
A'MI-A-BLE-XESS, n. The quality of deserving
love: loveliness; agreeableness.
A'MI-A-BLY, ad. In an amiable manner.
AM-I-AN'THUS, n. A variety of asbestos, havin r
long threads like flax. It is incombustible, and
sometimes wrought into cloth and paper.
AM'I-CA-BLE, a. Harmonious in mutual inter-
course. SYN. Friendly; peaceable; fraternal.
Amicable always supposes two parties, as an ami-
cable arrangement. We can not say of n
individual that he was amicable, though we can say
he v,,
AM'I-eA-BLE-NESS, n. Friendliness ; kindness.
AMl-eA-BLY, ad. In a friendly way ; obligingly.
AM'lCE (am'is), n. A square Hneu cloth worn by a
Roman Catholic priest about big shoulders under
the alb. Milton uses it for covering or garment,
A-MID', \prep. In the middle; amongst; min-
A -MIDST 7 ,/ gledwith; among.
A-MID'SHIPS, ad. In the middle of a ship as to
her length and breadth.
A-MlSS', a. or ad. Wrong ; improperly ; in a faulty
_ manner.
AM'I-TY, n. Friendship; agreement; harmony;
good understanding.
AM-MU'NI-A, n. A volatile alkali of a pungent
sniell; spirit of hartshorn.
AM-MG'NI-A, ) o. Possessing the qualities of
AM-MO-Nl'A'-AL,) ammonia; pungent.
AM-MO'NI-A-0, ) n. A gum resin used in me-
AM-MO-NI'A G-UM, j dicine, brought from Africa
and the East Indies.
AM-M(XNT-UM, n. The hypothetical base of am-
monia, supposed to be metallic.
AM-MU-N1"TION (-nish'un) , n. Military stores for
attack or defence, as gunpowder, shot, &c.
AM'NES-TY, n. A general pardon of offences
. ot government.
A-MUNG' (a-niilng'), ") prep. Conjoined ; in a
A-MOXGST' (a-miingsf), ) mingled state ; amidst.
AM'O-EET, n. A lover.
AM'O-RETTE, n. An amorous woman; a petty
love affair.
&.M'OR-OUS, a. Inclined to love ; full of love ; per-
taining to love. SYN. Loving; fond.
\M'O-ROUS-LY, ad. Lovingly ; fondly ; very
kind!-- "ely.
L&TO-ROUS-NESS, n. The quality of being amo-
lovingness ; love ; fondness.
L HOUS (-mor'fus), a. Having no determi-
>rm ; shapt
1 PHTT (-mor'f v ) , n. Irregularity of form.
k-MOET', ad. Lifeless; dead; dejected.
A MORT-I-Z A'TION, \ n. The act or right of alien-
i-MORT'IZE-MEXT, j ating lands or tenements
to a corporation.
AMORTIZE, v. t. To alienate to a corporation.
A.-MOUNT', v. i. To reach or equal in amount ; to
compose in the whole ; to result.
l-MOUNT 7 , n. The sum total ; v.liole ; result.
AMOUR', (-moor'), n. A love intrigue.
AM-PHIB'I-A, ) n. pi. A class of animals having
AM-PHI'BI-ANS,; both lungs and gills, and cap-
able of existing both in water and on land.
AM-PHIB'I-AJST, n. An amphibious animal.
AM-PHIB-I-OL'O-GY, n. That part of natural his-
tory which treats of amphibious animals.
AM-PH1B'I-OUS (-fib'e-us), a. Living in two differ-
ent elements ; of a mixed nature ; monsrrel.
AM-PHIB'I-OUS-NESS, n. The faculty of living on
land or in water.
AM-PHIB-O-LOG'I-AL, o. Of doubtful meaning ;
ambiguous.
AJVI-PHI-BOL'O-GY, n. A phrase or discourse sus-
ceptible of two interpretations.
AM-PHlB'0-LOUS, a. Tossed from one to another ;
susceptible of two meanings.
AM-PHIB'0-LY (-fib'o-ly), n. Ambiguity of mean-
in?.
AM'PHI-BRA-GH (-brak), n. A poetical foot of
three syllables, the middle long, the first and last
short.
AM-PHKJ-TT-ON1>, a. Pertaining to the council
of the Amphict3 r ons in Greece.
AM-PHl-e'TY-ONS, n. pi. A celebrated council of
deputies from the different states of Greece.
AM-PHlGKA-MOUS, a. In botany, having no visi-
ble organs of fructification.
AM-PHIM'A-CEE (-fYm'a-ser), n. In ancient poetry,
a foot of three syllables, the middle one short, and
the others lonor, as Cas-ti-tas.
AM-PHIP'EO-STYLE (-ftp'-), n. An edifice with
columns on the front and rear, but not on the
sides.
AM-PH1S'CI-I, n ; pi. People dwelling within tlie
tropics, whose shadows fall sometimes north and
sometimes south.
AM-PHI-THE'A-TRE, n. An edifice of a round or
oval form, having its arena encompassed with
rows of seats rising gradually one above the other,
for public exhibitions.
AM-PHI-THE'A-TRAL, o. Resembling an amphi-
theatre.
AM-PHI-THE-AT'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to or ex-
hibited in an amphitheatre.
AM'PHI-TRlTE, n. In G. -Jogy, a pt-.-l-
dess of the seas ; the sea personnied; a, genus oi
tubicular mar hie animals.
AM'PHO-RA (am'fo-ra), n. A two-handed liquor
vessel among the Greeks and Romans.
AM'PLE, a. Large, in extent, size, quantity, &c. ;
fully adequate to an end. SYX. Spacious; ca-
pacious ; extensive ; abundant ; plenteous. When
we mean by ample large in extent, we say spacious
or extensive; large iii size, capacious; large in
quanti' or plenteous.
AM'PLE-NESS, n. Largeness ; extent ; abund-
ance.
AM-PLEX'I-- AUL, a. Surrounding the stem.
AM-PLl'FI-G ATE, v. t. To euln.r_'0 ; to amplify.
AM-PLI-FI--A'TION, n. Enlargement; exagger-
ated description or diffuse narration.
AM'PLI-Fl-ER, 11. One who enlarges.
AM'PLI-Ff, v. t. To enlarge; to exaggerate; to
treat copiously ; to augment.
AM'PLI-IT, v. i. To exaggerate; to be diffuse ; to
dilate.
AM'PLI-TCDE, n. Extent ; largeness ; sufficiency ;
in astronomy, the angular distance of a body at
rising or setting from the east or west point of the
horizon.
AM'PLY, ad. Largely ; liberally ; fully.
AM-PUL-LA'CEOUS f-la'shus), a. Like a bottle.
\M'PU-TATE. v. t. To cut off; to prune.
AM-PU-T A'TION, n. The act or operation of cut-
tiuir o.T a limb or other part.
A-MCCIv', ri. A Malay word for kitting. To run
amuck is to rush out frantically, attacking all that
come in the way, as is done by fanatics in the
East.
AM'Q-LET, n. Something worn to prevent evil, or
disease. 2
AMU
I, S, &c., long. A, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
E', v. t. To entertain agreeably ; to occupy
attention with something pleasing or humorous ;
to delude. SYN. To divert ; entertain. We are
I by that which occupies us lightly and
! utly; entertained by that which brings our
minds into agreeable contact with others, as con-
on or a boolc; diverted by that which draws
off our thoughts to something of livelier i
especially of a sportive nature, as a h
or a laughable inc
E'MENT, n. That which amuses. SYN.
Diversion; pastime; entertainment; sport.
ING, ppr. or a. Affording amusement ; en-
it i ing.
LY, ad. In an amusing way.
A-MC'SIVE, a. Capable of amusing; entertaining;
diverting ; pleasing.
A-MVG'DA-LATE, n. An emulsion niad
monds.
LATE, a. Made of almonds.
A-MtGKDA-LtNE, o. Pertaining to almonds.
i DA-LINE, n. A crystalline
d from bitter almonds.
A-MYG DA-LOID, n. A variety of trap-r
; :ig almond-shaped min>
; DA-LOID'AL, a. Ecseiubling am
AM-Y-LA'CEOUS (-la'shuB), a. Perh-i.
AN, a., called the indefinite article ; in deri
adjective. One, denoting an individual. It drops
the ?i before the consonant, and become-
except h mute and h not mute, in words
second s\: , in old
Put :
. I In medical prescriptions;,
Ion, denotes a collection of re-
AN-A-! ioctrine of the an:
AN-A-BAPTIST, n. One who holds that adult
ne should be baptized, and that, if
infancy, they should be I
i I'O-EET (fik'-) , n . A hermit ; anchorite.
JEO-NI^M (akTsro-niam), n. An error in
chronology, by which an event is referred to a
.I-EO-NlST'IC, a. Involving an auachro-
. [Or.] A i
rhetor ; to his
s or opponents for th on the
poii.'
! i the East.
:> TI, a. i j Anacreon, a
JUS.
in in the
i )EM, n. A garland or fillet.
AN-A-DI-PLG'SIS, n. A figure of rhetoric, con-
sisting of the repetition of the last word I
tence in the beginning of the next
ensibilitytn
AN-^ES-THfiT'I-y, a. Suspending sensation or a
'in.
AN'A-GLYPH (au'a-crlif), n. Chased or embossed
work in metal or ;nces.
AN-A-GLYP'TI, a. Pertaining to engraving or
[tual.
-AL, a. Mysterious; mystical; spiri-
;:AM, n. A transposition of the letters of
words so as to form new ones, as astronomers into
m.oou Vinus into angelus.
AN- A-GEAM-MATK 1 , a. Making an anagram.
AN-A-GEAM'M A-TIST, n. A maker of anagrams.
A'NAL, n. i: or placed near the anus.
AN-A-LETI, a. Collecting.
AN'A-LETS, n. pi. Collected fragments from
authors.
'.EPTLG, a. Giving strength after disease.
. -LO'Vlf !-AL, a. According t I
18 ANC
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
A-NAl/O-GlSM, n. An argument from cause to
effect ; investigation by analogy.
A-NAL'0-GlZE, v. t. To explain or consider by
analogy.
A-NAL'O-GOUS, a. Having analogy ; correspondent.
AN'A-LOGUE, 71. A thing that is analogous to some
other thing.
A-NAL'O-GY, n. A remote likeness ; similarity
between different objects in respect to form, de-
sign, effects, &c., or in the relations they bear to
other objects.
A-NAI/Y-SIS, n ; pi. A-NAL'Y-SI'S Separation of a
body, or of a siibject, word, &c., into its elements
or component parts; opposed to synthesis, which
is the uniting of things into a whole or compound.
AN'A-LYST, 7i. One who analyzes any thing.
AN-A-LYT'I, \a. Pertaining to analysis; re-
AN-A-LtT'I-AL, ) solving into parts or first
principles ; fond of analysis.
AN-A-LYT'I- A L-LY, ad. By way of analysis.
AN-A-LYT'I i i 'he science of analysis.
AN-A-LYZ'A-BLE, a. That can be analyzed.
AN-A-LYZ-A'TION, n. Act o:
AN'A-LYZE, v. t. To separate into parts; to re-
solve into first principles or elements.
AN'A-LYZ-EE, n. One that analyzes.
AN-A-MOEPH 0-SIS or AN-A-MOEPH-0'SIS, n.
In per. iitrure appearing at one
point of view deformed, and in another an exact
representation of an object; in botany excessive
development.
AN'A-PEST, 71. In poetry, a foot of three syllables,
the first two short ;ind 1 '
A-NAPH'O-EA, n. A figure in rhetoric in which
the same word is repeated at the beginning of two
or more successive sentences.
AN'AEH (an'ark), 71. An author of confusion.
AN-AEH're (ark'ik),) a. Being without govcrn-
AN-AEH'I-AL, 5 meiit ; confused.
AN'AEH-IST, 11. One who promotes disorder;
an anarch.
AN'AECH-Y (an'ark-y), Want of government in
society ; confusion.
\ Kd'OUS, a, Drr
AN-AS-TO-MATK), o. Having the quality of re-
! ructions.
A-NAS'TO-MOSE, v. i. To unite as by anastomosis.
A-NAS-TO-MO'SIS, n. The joining together of the
or circulatory organs of a body or plant, as
of arteries or veins.
, liO-PHE, n. In rhetoric, inversion of the
1 order of words.
A-NATH E-MA, n. Literally, a curse; excommu-
nication with curses ; malediction.
A-NATH-E-MATTG-AL, a. Pertaining to
ema.
A-NATH-E-MA-TI-ZA'TIOX, n. The act <x
emnt;
A-NATH'E-MA-TIZE, v. t. To denounce with
curses ; to excommunicate.
A-NATH'E-MA-TlZ-EE, n. One who anathema-
tizes.
AN-A-TOM'I-AL, a. Belonging to anatomy.
AN-A-TOM'Le-AL-LY, ad. By means of dissec-
tion.
A-NAT'O-MIST, n. One who dissects bodies, or is
skilled in anatomy.
A-NAT'O-MlZE, v. t. To dissect an animal; to lay
open the interior structure of a body.
A-NAT'O-MY, n. The art of dissection; the sci-
ence of the structure of animal bodies ; the body
stripped of its integuments and muscles ; ironic-
ally, a meagre person.
AN'CES-TOE, n. One from whom a person is de-
scended SYN. Forefather ; progenitor.
AN-CES'TEAL, o. Kelating to or claimed from
ancestors.
AN'CES-TEY, . Pedigree; birth; descent; line-
AN-A-L6GT l. By way of analogy.
AN-A-I/)G'I'-AL-NESS, n. The quality of being
analogical.
(nk'ur), n. An iron instrument for
hoi din r a vessel at rest in water ; any firm sup-
port.
ANC
19
ANI
o6vE, WOLF, BOOK ; RLE, BijLL ; vi"cious. e as K ; 6 as J j 8 as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
AN'HOE, v. t. To place an anchor; to fix.
AN'-GHOE, (ank'ur), v. i. To cast an anchor; to
stop at ; to fix or rest on.
AN'!HOE-AGE (ank'ur-), n. Ground fit for anchor-
AN'I'HOE-ESS, n. A female hermit.
* A hermit ' a recluse ' a monk -
AN-CHO'VY, n. A small sea-fish used for sauce.
AN'CIENT (an'shent , a. Old ; belonging to former
times ; antique. -S . J. Primitive ; pristine ; anti-
quated ; obsolete. A thing is ancient when it is
old ; it is a?iti<juated, antique, and obsolete, when it
is gone out of use or fashion.
AN'CIENT-LY (an'shent-ly), ad. In old times;
formerly. [quity.
AN'CIENT-NESS, n. Great ase ; oldness ; anti-
AN'CIENT-EY, n. Ancient lineage.
ANCIENTS (au'sheuts), n. x-l. Those who lived in
old times'.
AN'CIL-LA-EY, a. Eelating to a female servant ;
auxiliary or subordinate.
AN-CIPT-TAL, a. Doubtful ; double formed.
AN'-GONES, n. pi. In arcliilcdvre, the brackets
supporting a cornice on the flanks ; also, the cor-
ners of a wall.
AN'-GO-NY, n. In iron works, a partially wrought
lloom, or half-formed bar of iron.
AND, con. A word that joins words and sentences.
AN-DAN'TE, [It.] In music a word directing to a
moderately slow movement.
lND'1-EON (-I-urn), n. An iron utensil tc hold
wood in a fire-place.
AN-DBOG'Y-NAL, ~) a. Having both sexes ; her-
AN-DEOG'Y-NOUS, } maphroditical.
AN-DEOID'ES (-droid'ez), n. A self-moving ma-
chine in a human form ; an automaton.
AN'EG-DOTE, n. In its original sense, secret his-
tory, or facts not generally known ; a biographic-
al incident; brief narrative of an event. SYN.
Story ; tale ; memoir.
AN-E-DOT'ie-AL, a. Pertaining to anecdotes.
AN-E-MOG'EA-PHY, n. A description of the -winds.
AN-E-MOL'O-GY, n. The doctrine of winds.
AN-E-MOM'E-TEE, n, An instrument to ascertain
the strength or velocity of winds.
A-NEM'O-NE, n. The wind-flower, a genus of plants
of many species.
A-NEM'O-SOPE, n. An instrument that shows
the course odirection 9f the wind.
AN'E-EOID, n. A portable barometer, shaped like
a watch, which dispenses with the use of quick-
silver.
AN'EC-EISM, n. A soft tumour arising from a dila-
tation or rupture of an artery-
A -NEW (a-nu'), ad. Newly ; over again ; afresh.
AN'GEL, n. A divine messenger ; a spirit ; beautiful
person ; old gold coin, worth 10s. sterling.
AN'GEL, a. Eesembling angels ; angelic.
AX-GELT-G, } a. Belonging to or resembling
AN-GELT-e-AL, ( angels.
AN-GELTC-AL-LY, ad. Like an ansel. Tgelic.
AN-GELT- AL-NESS, n. The quality of being an-
AN-GEL-OL'O-GY, n. The science or doctrine re-
specting ansrels.
ANG'GEE (ang'ger), n. A passion excited by a sense
of wrong. SYN. Indignation ; resentment ; wrath ;
fury; rage. singer is a stronger term than re-
sent ment, but not so strong as indignation, which
is awakened by what is flagitious in character or
conduct ; nor as wrath, fury, rage,, in which an-
ger is wrought up to a still higher point in the
order of these words.
ANG'GEE (aiig'ger), v. t To call forth anger or
strong displeasure. SYN To provoke; vex; dis-
please ; fret.
AN-GI'NA, n. [t.] Inflammation of the throat .
AN-GI'NA PEC'TO-RIS,n. [.] A distressing affec-
tion of the
AN-GI-OG'RA-PHY, ) . Doctrine of the vessels
AN-GI-OL'O-GY, 5 of the human body.
AN-Gl-OT'O-MY, n. The opening of a blood-vessel.
AN G 'GLE (ang'gl), n. A point where two lines meet,
or the space included between two lines diverging
from a point ; a corner.
ANG'GLE, ) 11. A rod, line and hook for fish-
ANG'GLE-EOD, ) ing.
AN G 'GLE (ang'gl), v.i. To fish with a rod and hook.
ANG'GLEE, n. One who fishes with a hook .
ANG'GLES (ang'glz), n. pi. A people of Germany
from whom the name of England was derived.
ANG'GLI-AN (ang'gle-kan), a. From Angles, En-
glish, one of the tribes that peopled England ; per-
taining to England.
AN&GLI-CE, ad. [L.j In English.
ANG'GLI-CIasM, n. An English idiom or expres-
sion.
AN G 'GLI-CIZE, v. t. To render or express in En-
glish, [lino.
ANG'GLING (ang'gling), n. A fishing with rod and
ANG'GLO-A-MEE'I--eAN (ang'glo-), a. Pertaining
to the descendants of Englishmen in America.
The words ^nglo-Norman, Anglo-Saxon, &c., ex-
plain themselves.
ANG'GOE (ang'gor), n. Intense bodily pain .
AN G/ GEI-LY (aug'gre-ly), ad. In an antrry manner.
ANG'GEY (Sng'gry), a. Excited by anger; feeling
or showing anger ; inflamed, as a sore; vexed, as
um<cs. SYK. Passionate; resentful; irritatid ;
raging : furious.
AN-GUIL'LI-FOEM, a. Eesembling an eel.
ANG'GUISH (ang'guish), n. Excessive pain of mind
or body. SYN. Agony j torture; torment; grief;
pang ; throe.
ANG'GTJ-LAE, a. Pertaining to or having angles ;
stiff and formal in motion ; having offensive points
of character.
ANG-GU-LAE'I-TY (ang-gu-), n. The quality ot
beine: angular.
ANG'GU-LAE-LY (ang'gu-), ad. With angles ; in
the direction of the angles.
ANG'GU-LA-TED (ang'gu-), a. Formed with angles.
AN-GUS-TATION, n. The act of niakiiicc narrow.
AN-HE-LA'TION, n. Shortness of breath ; panting.
AN-H Y'DEOU S, a. Destitute of water.
ANIL, n. The shrub from whose leaves indigo is
made.
AN'lLE, a. Old-womanish ; imbecile.
A-NlL'I-TY, 11. The old age of a woman ; dotasre.
AN-I-MAD-VEE'SION, n. Eemarks byway of crit-
icism, censure, or reproof. SYN. Strictures;
comment ; blame.
AN-I-MAD-VEE'SiVE, a. That has the power of
perceiving.
AN-I-MAD-VEET v. i. To turn the mind to ; to
pass censure upon. -SYN. To remark ; comment.
AN-I-MAD-VEET'EE, n. One who animadverts.
AN'I-MAL, n. A being with an organized body,
endowed with life, sensation, and spontaneous
motion.
AN'I-MAL, a. Pertaining to an animal j gross ;
sensual.
AN-I-MAL'U-LAE, \a. Pertaining to animal-
AN-I-MAL'-eU-LlNE, j cules.
AN-I-MAL'-eULE, n. ; pi. AN-I-MAL'CULES. A mi-
nutely small animal. Animalculce, as a plural, for
animalcuZa, is a gross barbar '.
AN-I-MAL'-eU-LIST, n. One versed in the know-
ledge of animalcules.
AN'I-MAL-FLOW-EE, n. A name misapplied to
several species of zoophytes; sea-anemone.
ANI-MAIi-ISM, n. The state of mere animals ;
brutishness.
AN-I-MAL-I-ZA'TION, n. Tlie act of giving animal
life, or of converting into animal matter.
AN-I-MAL'I-TY, n. The state of animal existence.
AN'I-MATE, i). t. To give life ; to give spirit or
vigour. SYN. To enliven; inspirit ; incite; quick-
en ; encourage ; rouse ; impel ; cheer.
ANT-MATE, a. Alive ; possessing animal life.
AN'I-MA-TED, a. Endowed with animal lire ; full
of life ; enlivened ; spirited ; lively.
AN'I-MA-TING, ppr. and a. Giving life ; enlivening ;
inspiriting.
AKI 1
1, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
AN'I-MA-TING-LY, ad. So as to excite animation.
AN-I-MA'TION, n. The act of infusing life, or state
of being animated. SYN. Vivacity ; spirit ; buoy-
ancy ; spritrhtliuess ; liveliness ; promptness.
AN'I-MA-TlVE, o. That has the power of giving
life or spirit.
AN-I-MOS'I-TY, n. Extreme hatred; passionate
aversion. SYN. Rancour; malevolence; malig-
nity ; ra-^e ; wrath.
AHFI-MUS, n. [I/.] The mind or intention.
AN'ISE (an'is), n. A plant bearing aromatic seeds.
ANK'ER, n. A measure for liquids, differing in
different countries from 8 to 10 wine gallons.
AN'KLE (ank'kl), n. The joint between the foot
and leg.
AN'LACE, n. A short sword or dagger.
AN'NAL-IST, n. A writer of annals ; an historian.
AN'NALW, n. pi. Itocords of events year by year ;
chronological history; the books containing an-
nals.
AN'NATS, n. pi. First fruits ; a tax equal to a year's
value of a vacant benefice.
AN-NEAL', v. t. To make less brittle by heating
and slowly cooling ; to fix colours by heat.
.L'ING, 11. The process of toughening by
heat .
AN-NKX', r. t. To join or add, at the end; to unite,
i smaller thing to a greater.
AN-NEX-A'TION, 11. Act of annexing ; addition ;
union .
AN-NKX'MENT, n. The act of annexing ; the thing
annexed.
AN-NI'HI-LATE, v. t. To reduce to nothing ; to
put out of existence ; to destroy.
AN-NI-HI-LA'TION, n. The act of reducing to
nothing ; the state of being reduced to nothing ;
destruction.
AN-XI-VERS'A-RY (13), a. Returning with the
year.
AN-NI-VERS'A-RY, . The day on which an event
is annually celebrated.
nOll'I-NL [L.l In the year of our Lord.
AX'XO MUN'DI. [L.] In the year of the world.
AN-NO'NA, n. A year's increase; provisions.
AN'NO-TATE, i.'. i. To make comments or notes.
AN-NO-TA'TION, n. An explanatory note. SYN.
Remark ; commentary ; note.
AN'NO-TA-TOR, n. A writer of notes; a com-
mentator.
AN-NOUNCE', v. t. To publish or rive tho first
public notice of. SYN. To proclaim ; publish ;
make known ; advertise. To publish is to make
Eublicly known; to announce is to make known
Dr the first time ; to proclaim (literally, to cry
aloud) is to give the widest publicity ; to adver-
tise is to make known through the public prints.
AN-NOUNCE'MENT, 11. A first publishing or pro-
claiming; proclamation; declaration.
AN-NOUNC'ER, n. One that announces.
AN-NOY', v. t. To vex or disturb by repeated acts.
SYN. To incommode ; vex ; disturb ; pester ;
molest ; tease ; bore ; bother.
AN-NOY' ANCE, n. Molestation by repeated acts.
SYN. Vexation; disturbance; injury; bore.
AN-NOY'ER, n. One who annoys; one who in-
jures.
AN'N U-AL, a. Nearly ; recurring every ye
ing only a year or season ; performed in a year.
AN'N U-AL, n. A book published yearly; a plant
whose root dies yearly.
AN'NU-AL-LY, ad. Yearly ; year by year.
I-TANT, n. A person who has an annuity.
AN-NCT-TY, n. An allowance or a payment yearly
for a term of years.
AN-NCL' v. t. To make void. SYN. To repeal;
h ; abrogate ; revoke ; cancel ; set aside.
AN'NU-LAR, >a. In form of, or like a ring;
AN'N U-LA-RY, j round.
AN'NU-LA-TED, a. Having rings or belts.
AN'NU-LET, n. A little ring ; a mark in heraldry ;
il moulding.
AN-NCL'MENT n. The act of annulling.
!0 ANT
PALL, WHAT ; THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOTS,
AN'NU-LOSE, a. Furnished with rings.
AN-NC'MER-ATE, v. t. To add to a number.
AN-NU-MER-A'TION, n. Addition to a fonnei
number.
AN-NUN'CI-ATE, v. t. To announce
AN-NUN-CI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. The act of
announcing ; the tiling announced.
AN-NUN-CI-A'TION-DAY, n. The day on which
the birth of the Saviour was announced to Mary,
_ now celebrated on the 25th of March.
A'N'ODE, n. In electro-chemistry, the place 01 enter-
_ ing, or positive pole ; opposed to cathode.
AN'O-DYNE, 11. Medicine to assuage pain and dis-
AN;0-D?NE, a. Mitigating pain.
A-NOINT 7 , v. t. To rub with oil or some unguent ;
to consecrate by unction. [crated.
A-NOINT'ED, pp. or a. Rubbed with oU ; conse-
A-NOINT'ED, n. The Messiah, or Christ.
A-NOINT'ER, n. One who anoints.
A-NOINTING, ii. An unction; a consecration.
A-NOINT'MENT, n. The act of anointing; tho
state of being anointed. [^ly.
A-NOM'A-LI$M, n. A deviation from rule : anom-
A-NOM-A-LlST'ie, a Irre.gular.
A-NOM'A-LOUS, a. Irregular ; out of rule.
A-N()M'A-LOUS-LY, ad. Irregularly; unequally.
A-NOM'A-LY, n. Deviation from the common rule
or analogy ; irregularity.
A -NON', ad. Soon; quickly; in a short time; ever
and anon, now and then.
A-NON'Y-MOUS, a. Without a name ; nameless.
A-NON'Y-MOUS-LY, ad. Without a name.
A-NORM'AL. See ABNORMAL.
A-NOTH'ER (a-uilth'er), a. Some other; not the
same ; one more ; any other.
A-NOTTA, n. A beautiful red colour, obtained from
the pulp of the seed vessel of a tropical tree.
AN'SA-TED, a. Having a handle.
AN'SER-INE, a. Pertaining to the goose kind.
AN'SWER ((an'ser), v. i. To speak in reply; to
succeed ; to witness for ; to be accountable ; to
_ correspond ; to respond ; to suit.
AN'SWER, v. t. To speak in return to a call or
question ; to reply to ; to be equivalent to ; to
comply with ; to act in return ; to bear a due pro-
_ portion to ; to suit ; to solve.
AN'SWER, n. The reply to some qiiestion, argu-
ment, attack, &c. ; solution ; refutation.
AN'SWER-A-BLE, a. That may be answered;
suitable ; accountable ; like.
AN'SWER- A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
answerable or correspondent.
AN'SWER- A ELY, ad. Suitably; agreeably; fitly.
AN'SWER-ER, n. One who answers or replies.
ANT (6), n. A small insect ; a pismire; emmet.
AN'TA, n. ; pi. As'lM, A pilaster; the side post of
a door.
ANT-ACTD (-as'id), n. That which remedies or
prevents sourness.
AN-TAG'O-NISM, n. Opposition of action.
AN-TAG'O-NIST, n. One who combats another.
SYN. Enemy ; adversary ; opponent ; foe.
AN-TAG'0-NIST, ~) a. Opposing; acting in op-
AN-TAG-O-NlST'I-e,j position; opposite.
AN-TAG-O-NIZE', v. i. To act in opposition; to
AN-TAL'Gl, a. Alleviating pain. [cor;
AN-TAN- A -GLA'SIS, n. A figure which consists in
repeat ins: the same word in a different sense.
ANT-APH-RO-DlS'I-A-e, ") a. Abating venereal
ANT-APH-RO-DlT'I-e, ) desires.
ANT-ARl'TI-e, a. Opposite to the Arctic ; relating
to the South Pole.
ANT-AR)'TI-e ClB'LE, or circle 23^ deg. from
the South Pole.
ANT-A R-THRlT'ie, n. A remedy against the gout.
ANT'BEAR, \n. An animal that feeds upon
ANT'-EAT-ER, 3 ants.
AN'TE, in compound words, signifies be/ore.
ANTE-A-GT, n. A preceding act.
AN'TE-AL, o. Being before or in front.
AN'TE BEL'LVM, [L.] Before the war.
AXT
21
ANT
D6VE, "WOLF, B<?OK ; R^LE, BrLL ; Vl"ciOUS. G as K ; 6 OS J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
AN-TE-CE-DATSrE-01 T S, a. Preceding in time.
AN-TE-CEDE', v. t. To precede ; to go before.
AN-TE-CD'ENCE, n. The act or state of prece-
ding in time ; precedence.
AN-TE-CED'EN-CY, 71. The quality of being ante-
cedent.
AN-TE-CED'ENT, a. Going before. SYN. Prior ;
preceding; foregoing; previous. Ante-
specific, referring to something consequent ; forego-
ing, preceding, and previous, are more general, being
opposed to subsequent ; prior, like priority, implies
a preference if there is competition, as a prior
claim.
AN-TE-CED'ENT, n.
That which goes before ; the
AN-THRO-PO-M<*>RPH'ITE, a. One who attributes
to the Deity a human form.
AN-THRO-POPH'A-GL n. pi. [L.] Man-eaters;
cannibals.
AN-THRO-PftPH'A-GY (-pofa-jy), n. The feeding
on human flesh.
AN'TI, in compound u-ord's, signifies against, or con-
trary to.
AN-TI-AC'ID. See ANTACID.
AN'Tre, a. Odd ; fanciful ; fantastic ; ludicrously
wild.
AN'TLC, n. A buffoon or merry-andrew ; buffooii-
ery ; trick^
AN'TI-HRIST, n. One who opposes Christ ; tho
former of two things related to each other.
AN-TE-CED'ENT-LY ad. Previously.
AN-TE-CS'SOR, n. One who goes before; a leader. v ..<.~u.7.
AN'TE-CHAM-BER, n. A chamber leading to the AN-TI-HRIS'TIAN, a. Opposing Christianity.
, chief apartment. -TIC'I-PATE, v. t. Literally, to take beforehand ;
AN'TE-CHAP-EL, n. The part of the chapel ! hence to foresee or expect ; to go before or over-
man of sin.
AN-Tl-eHRlS'TIAN (-krist'yan), n. An opposer of
Christianity.
The part of the chapel
through which is the passage to the choir or the '
body of it.
AN-TE-CUR SGR, n. A forerunner.
ANTE-DATE, v. t. To date before the true time.
ANTE-DATE, n. A date before the true time.
AN-TE-D1-LC'VI-AL, ) a. Existing before the de-
AN-TE-DI-LUV1-ANJ luge; pertaining to the
times before the <1
AN-TE-DI-LU'VI-AN. n. One who lived before the
flood.
ANT-EGG?, n. pi. Young ants in little balls.
ANTE-LOPE, 71. The gazelle, a genus of animals
between the eoat and the deer.
AN-TE-LC"fAN, a. Before daylight.
AN-TE-ME-RlD'1-AX, c. Being before noon.
AN-TE-M KT'Lt', a. Restraining vomitincr.
AN-TE-MO-SA'IO. a. Before the time of Moses.
AN-TE-MUN'DANE, a. Being before the creation
of the world.
AN-TE-Nl'CENE. a. Anterior to the council of
Nice, A.D. 325.
AN -TKN'NA, n. ; pi. Ax-Ttys'vx. The name of pro-
minent organs attached tc the heads of insects,
called feelers.
AN-TE-NUPTIAL (-nup'shal), a.
marri
AN-TE-PAS-'HAL (-pSslcal). a.
Easter.
ANTE-PAST, n. A foretaste.
AN-TE-PE-NCLT' . The last syllable of a word
but two.
reach ; to preoccupy, forestall, or foretaste.
Expect is stronger than anticipate. We may anti-
cipate difficulties when we do not really expect
them.
AN-TIC-I-PA'TION, 7i. A taking before ; foretaste;
previous notion ; immature opinion.
AN-T1 C'1-PA-TOR, n. One who anticipates.
A N-TIC'I-FA-TO-R Y, a. Taking before time.
AN-Tl-eLl'MAX, n. A sentence or expression in
which the ideas prow weaker or lower at the close;
the opposite of climax.
AN-Tl-{JLl'NAL. n. The line from which strata dip
in opposite directions, often called the anticlinal
aa-is.
AN-Tl-CLl'NAL, a. Marking inclination in opposite
directions.
ANTI-LY. od. In an antic manner.
AN-Ti-CON-STI-TCTION-AL, a. Opposed to the
constitution.
AN-Tl-eOX-TA'GlOUS (-tzYjus), a. Opposing con-
tagion.
ANTI--GOR, n. Among farriers, an inflammation in
a horse's throat.
AN-Tl--eO?-MKT'ie, a. Injurious to beaut v.
Being before ! AN-Tl-OURT'IER (-kort'yur), n. One who op-
poses the court.
Being before AN'Tl-DO-TAL, a. Efficacious against injury or
evil.
ANTI-DOTE, n. That which tends to counteract
poison or other evil.
AN-T1-E-P1S'O-PAL, a. Adverse to episcopacy.
AN-TE-PE-NCLT'I-MATE, a. Of the last syllalle AN-TI-FE'BRILE or AN-Tl-FEB'RlLE, a. That
but two. has the quality of abating fever; febrifugal; n. a
ANT-EP-I-LP'TI!, a. Resisting epilepsy or con- i medicine having a tendency to cure fever.
AN-TI-LOG'A-RITHM, n. The number correspond-
ing to a logarithm.
AN-TlL'O-GY, n. Contradiction between the words
or passages of the same author.
Counteracting mad-
vulsions.
AN-TE-PO-$1"TION, (zish'un), n. In grammar, the
placing of a word before another.
AN-TE'RI-OR, a. Before in time or place. STN.
Previous ; former ; preceding. interior is op- | AN-Tl-MA'Nl-A-t', ") a.
posed to, and implies posterior; the others are AN-TI-MA-NI'A-G-AL, 3
opposed to subsequent.
AN-TE-RI-OR'I-TY, n. Priority in time.
AN'TE-ROOM, n. A room forming the passage to
another. [of music.
AN'THEM, n. A divine song; a devotional piece
AN'THER, n. In bota?iy, an organ on the summit of
the stamen containing pollen.
AN'THER-AL, a. Pertaining to anthers.
AN-THER-IF'ER-OUS, a. Producing anthers.
ANT'-HILL, 7i. A hillock raised by ants.
AN-THOL'O-GY, n. A collection of flowers ; choice
poems or devotions ; a discourse on flowers.
AN'THO-NY'S-FIRE (an'to-niz), n. The erysip-
elas.
AN'THRA-CITE, TI. A hard mineral coal burning
without flame.
AN-THRA-ClT'I-e, a. Pertaining to anthracite.
AN-THRO-PO-LGG're-AL, a. Pertaining to an-
thropology.
AN-THRO-POL'O-GY, n. The science of man.
AN-THRO-PO-MORPHT?M, n. The representation
of the Deity as having a human form or attributes.
A X-Tl-MA'SON, n. One opposed to free-masonry.
AN-Tl-MA'SON-RY, n. Opposition to free-ma-
sonry.
AN-TI-MIN-IS-TE'RI-AL, a. Opposed to the min-
istry.
AN-Tl-MO-NARCH'KJ-AL, a. Opposed to mon-
archy.
AN-TI-MO'NI-AL, a. Pertaining to antimony.
AN-TI-MO'N I-AL, n. A preparation of antimony.
AN'TI-MO-NY, n. A whitish brittle metal used in
medicine and the arts ; also an ore of antimony.
AN-TI-NE-PHR1TTG, a. For curing diseases of the
kidneys.
AN-Tl-NO'MI-AN, a. Against the law of good
works.
AN-T1-NO'MI-AN, n. One who holds good works
to be not necessary to salvation.
AN-TI-NO'MI-AN-I^M, n. The tenets of Antino-
niians.
ANTI-NO-MY, n. A contradiction between two
laws, or between two parts of the same la\v.
AN-Tl-PA'PAL, a. Opposing popery.
ANT 22
1, S, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
AN-TT-PA-PlST'K!, ") a. Opposing the papacy
AN-TI-PA-PIST'I- AL, j or popery.
AN-Tl-PAB-A-LYT'I-e. a. Opposing palsy.
AN-TJ-PA-THET'I, ^ a. Having a natural
AN-Tl-PA-THET'I-AL,j aversion.
AN-TIP'A-THY, n. Natural aversion or opposition ;
repugnance. SYN. Dislike; contrariety; disgust;
distaste ; opposed to sympathy.
AN-Tl-PA-TRI-OT'I-e, o. Not patriotic.
A N-Tl-PE-DO- BAPTIST, n. One who is opposed
to the baptism of infants.
AN-Tl-PES-TI-LENTlAL, a. Counteracting in-
fection.
AN-T1-PHLO-GISTI (-flo-jfe'tik), a. Counter-
acting' a phlogistic or inflammatory tendency.
AN-TIPH'O-NAL C-tif), -)a. Pertaining to alter-
AN-Tl-PHUN'I-e (-fon'-), J nate singing.
AN-T1PH'O-NY (-tif'o-ny), n. Alternate singing;
a chant composed for this purpose.
AN-T1PH'RA-IS, n. The use of words in a sense
opposite to the true one.
AN-TI-PHRASTI, \a. Involving or relating
AN-Ti-PHRASTLG-AL, j to antiphrasis.
AN-TlP'O-DAL, a. Pertaining to the antipodes;
diametrically opposed.
AN'Tl-PODE, 11. ; pi. Ay-Tlp'o-DES. One living on
the opposite side of the globe.
ANTI-POPE, n. One who usurps the popedom.
ANTI-PORT, n. An outer gate or door.
A N -Tl -PRE-LAT'1-e- A L, a. A dverse to prelacy.
ANTI-PRIEST, 11. An opposer or enemy of priests
or priesthood.
AN-TIP-TO'SIS, n. In grammar, putting one case
for another.
AN-Tl-PU-TRES'CENT, a and n. Counteractive of
putrescence.
AN-TJ-QUA'RI-AN, a. Pertaining to antiquity; n.
antiquary.
AN-Tl-QUA'RI-AN-ISM, n. Love of antiquity.
ANTl-QUA-RY, 11. One versed in antiquities.
AN'TJ-QUATE, v. t. To make obsolete, old, or
void.
ANTI-QUA-TED, pp. or a. Grown old, or out of
fashion ; obsolete ; out of use.
ANT1-QUA-TED-NESS, n. The quality of being
antiquated.
AN-T'IQUE' (an-teek'), a. Ancient ; old-fashioned.
AN-T'iQUE', n. In general, anything very old; a
remnant of antiquity ; relic.
AN-TlQUE'NESS (-teek'-), n. The quality or ap-
pearance of being antique.
AN-TlQ'UI-TY (-tik'we-tv), n. Old times ; great
age ; the people of old times ; pi. remains of an-
cient times.
AN-TI-REV-O-LCTION-A-RY, a. Opposing rev-
olution.
AN-TIS CI-I (an-tirfh'e-T), n. pi. People dwelling on
different sides of the equator, whose shadows
at noon fall in different directions.
AN-Tl-SrOR-BUTre, a. Counteracting scurvy.
AN-Tl-SfRlPT'CR-AL (-skrYpt'yiir-), a. Not in
accordance with the sacred Scriptures.
AN-Tl-SEPTI, a. Opposing putrefaction.
AN-TI-SLAV'ER-Y, n. Opposition to slavery.
AN-Tl-SO'CIAL, a. Hostile to society.
AN-TI-SPAS-MODTC, a. Opposing spasm.
AN-Tl-SPASTre, a. Causing a revulsion of hu-
mours ; anti-spasmodic.
AN-TI-SPLE-NET'I, a. Counteracting diseases
of the spleen.
AN-TISTRO-PHE, n. A stanza alternating with
the strophe.
AN-Tl-STR<>PH'I, a. Belonging or pertaining to
the antistrophe.
AN-TlTH'E-SIS, n. ; pi. AN-TITH'E-SES. A figure
ijj which words, thoughts, or sentences are set in
Opposition or contrast ; hence, anything directly
opposed to another ; contrast.
AN-Tl-THETKJ, > a. Pertaining to antithe-
AN-Tl-THfiT'If!-AL,f sis.
AN-TI-TRIN-I-TA'RI-AN, a. Opposing the doc-
trine of the Trinity.
API
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TEEM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
AN-Tl-TRIN-I-TA'RI-AN-ISM, n. Opposition to
the doctrine of the Trinity.
ANTI-T?PE, n. That which is prefigured by the
type ; thus the paschal lamb was a type of which
Christ is the antitype.
AN-Tl-TYP'I-e-AL, o. Relating to an antitype; ex-
plaining a type.
ANT'LER, 7i. A branch of an animal's horn.
ANT'LERED (antlerd), a. Furnished with antlers.
AN-T(E'CI or AN-TE'CIAJST, n. Those living on the
same meridian, but at equal distances on the oppo-
site sides of the equator.
AN-TO-NO-MA'SIA, n. [Or.] The use of a proper
name for an appellative, as "a Cicero" for
orator ; or conversely, the use of a name denoting
rank, office, &c., for him who holds it, as "his
majesty " for the king.
ANT'RE, n. A den or cavern. [their work.
AN'VIL, n. An iron block on which smiths hammer
ANX-I'E-TY (ang-zl'e-ty), n. Concern about some
future or uncertain event.
ANX'IOUS (65) (ank'shus), a. Greatly solicitous.
SYN. Disturbed ; distressed ; disquieted ; uneasy.
ANX'IOUS-LY ad. With solicitude.
ANX'IOUS-NESS, 7i. Great solicitude ; anxiety.
A'NY (en'ny), o. One, indefinitely ; whoever; what-
ever; either.
A-0'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to the Muses, or to Aonia
in Boeotia. [minate time.
A'O-RIST, n. A tense in Greek, expressing indeter-
VA, n. The great artery from the heart.
A-(")RTAL, ") a. Pertaining to the aorta or great
A-ORT'I-e, j artery.
A-PACE', ad. Quickly ; hastily ; speedily ; fast.
AP'A-GO-GE, n. In logic, a form of arguing from the
falsity or absurdity of the opposite supposition.
AP-A-GOOr'KJ-AL, a. Proving a thing by showing
the absurdity of the contrary.
A-PART', ad. Separately ; distinctly : aside.
A-PART'MENT, n. A room in a building or house.
AP-A-THET'I, o. Void of feeling ; insensible.
AP'A-THIST, 7i. One destitute of feelin-
AP'A-THY, n. A want of passion or feeling.- SYN.
Insensibility; indifference; unconcern.
APE, 7i. Those monkeys that are destitute of a
tail ; a mimic ; simpleton.
APE, v. t. To imitate servilely ; to mimic.
A-PEAK', ad. In a posture to pierce ; perpendicu-
larly.
A-PE'RI-ENT, a. Laxative; mildly purgative.
AP'ER-TDRE, 71. An opening through some solid
substance ; a hole.
A-PET'AL-OUS, a. Having no petals.
A'PEX, n. ; pi. A'PEX-ES ; L. pi. AP'I-CES. An an-
gular point or tip ; the top or summit.
A-PHJER'E-SIS (a-fer'e-sis), ") n. The taking of a
A-PHER'E-SIS (a-fcr'e-sis), j letter or syllable
from the beginning of a word.
A-PHEL'ION (-fel'yun), n. : pi. A-PHE'-LI-A. The
point in a planet's orbit most distant from the
sun .
A'PHIS, n. ; pi. APH'I-DES. The vine-fretter or plant-
louse.
APH'O-RISM (afo-rizm), n. A detached precept
in few words. SYN. Axiom; maxim; adage. An
axiom, is a self-evident proposition of high im-
portance ; a maxim expresses some great practical
truth ; an adage is a saying which has gained credit
by lontr use.
APH'O-RIST (af o-rist) , n. A writer of aphorisms.
APH-O-RlST'I-6, }a. Having the form of an
APH-O-RlST'ie-ALJ aphorism.
APH-O-RJSTTG-AL-LY, ad. In the form of aph-
APHTHONG (f thong), n. A letter or combina-
tion of letters having no sound.
APH'YL-LOUS (afil-lus), a. Destitute of leaves,
as the rush.
A'PI-A-RIST, n. One who keeps an apiary.
A'PI-A-RY, 7i. A place where bees are kept.
API-GAL, a. Pertaining to the apex.
A-Pl'U-LA-TED. o. Terminated by a short point.
API
23
AFP
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; EXILE, BFLL J VICIOUS. 6 as K ; G as J ; 8 RS Z ; CH as BH ; THIS.
A-PIECE', (-peece'), ad. To each one's share; for
each.
A FISH, a. Like an ape; servilely imitative. SYN.
Silly ; foppish ; affected ; playful.
APISH-NESS, n. Mimicry; foolery; foppery.
A-PLA-NATie, a. A term applied to optical glasses
which are so contrived as to prevent the aberration
of the rays of light.
A-PO!'A-LYPSE, n. Revelation; discovery; the
name of the last book of the ]^ew Testament.
A-Ppe-A-LYP'TI!, a. Containing revelation ; per-
taining to the Apocalypse.
A-PO O-PATE, v. t. To cut off or omit the last
letter or syllable of a word.
A-POI'O-PE, 7i. The omission of the last letter or
syllable of a word.
A-PO'RY-PHA, n. pi. Books not admitted as
canonical.
A-PCve'RY-PHAL, a. Pertaining to the apocrypha ;
not canonical ; doubtful.
AP'ODES, 7i. Animals destitute of feet or ventral
fins.
AP-O-Dt-6'TI-e, 1 a. Evident beyond contradic-
AP-O-DI!'TI-AL, j tion ; demonstrative.
A-POD'O-SIS, 71. The dependent or completing
clause of a sentence, as opposed to the protasis or
preparatory clause. Thus, in the sentence,
" Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him," the
first clause is the protasis, and the second the
apodosfs.
AP'O-GEE, n. The point in the moon's orbit most
distant from the earth.
A-POL-O-GET'ie, a. Excusatory or defensive.
A-POL-O-GET'ieS, n. pi. The science which treats
of the defences or evidences of Christianity.
A-POL'O-GlST, n. One who makes an apology.
A-POL'O-G1ZE, v. t. To make an apology.
AP'0-LOGUE (ap'o-log), n. A fable.
A-POL'O-GY, 7i. An expression of regret for some
impropriety or wrong-doing. Originally the word
denoted defence or justification, especially among
writers in behalf of Christianity. SYN. We make
an apology for something rude, unbecoming, &c. ;
we offer an excuse for some failure or neglect of
AP'OPH-THEGM,) (y . ,, . (n.
AP'O-THEGM, I &V o-them), |
structive remark.
AP-O-PLE'TI-, a. Pertaining to an apoplexy ;
predisposed to apoplexy.
AP'O-PLEX-Y, n. A disorder of the brain producing
sudden loss of sense and voluntary motion.
A-PO'RI-A, n. In rhetoric, a doubting where to
begin.
A-POS'TA-CY, 7i. A falling from one's faith or pro-
fession_ desertion of a party.
A-POS'TATE, n. One that forsakes his religion or
party.
A-POS'TATE, a. Falling from his faith ; false.
A-POS'TA-TIZE, v. i. To abandon one's faith,
party, church, or profession.
A-POS'TE-MATE, v. i. To form into an abscess,
and fill with pus.
AP'OS-TEME, 7i. An abscess ; a sore filled with
purulent matter. [cause.
A POS-TE-RI-0'RI. [L.] From the effect to the
A-POS'TLE (a-pos'sl), n. A person sent; particu-
larly, one of the twelve sent forth by Christ to
preach his gospel ; one engaged in propagating any
doctrine or belief.
A-POS'TLE-SHIP, 7i. The office of an apostle.
A-POS'TO-LATE, n. Mission ; apostleship.
AP-OS-TOL'KJ, -) a. Pertaining to the apostles ;
AP-OS-TOL'ie-AL, ) originating with or taught
by the apostles ; like an apostle.
AP-OS-TOL'I-e- ' T
apostles.
A-POS'TRO-PPIE, 7i. In rhetoric, a figure of speech
by which an orator turns abruptly from his subject
to address some person or thing, absent or pre-
sent ; the comma on the upper line in contrac-
tions (')
A short, sen-
tentious, in-
-AL-LY, acl In the manner of the
AP-O-STROPHTG, a. Pertaining to an apostrophe.
A-POS'TRO-PHIZE, v. t. To address by an apos-
trophe ; to contract a word by apostrophe.
A-POTH'E-eA-RY, n. A compounder or vender cf
drugs and medicines. [a maxim.
AP'O-THEGM (ap'o-them), a. A remarkable saying ;
AP-O-THEG-MAT're, ") a. In the manner of an
AP-0-THEG-MAT're-AL, j apothegm.
AP-O-THE'O-SIS, n. A deification ; especially the
placing of a person among the heathen deities.
AP-O-THE'O-SIZE, v. t. To exalt to the dignity
of a deity.
AP-PALL', v. t. Literally, to make pale with fear ;
to smite with terror. SYN. To dismay; daunt;
terrify; scare; intimidate.
AP-PALLTNG, ppr. Striking with terror ; a. ad-
apted to depress courage.
AP'PAN-A(jE, 7i. Lands for the maintenance of a
young prince ; hence, means of support for a de-
pendent.
AP-PA-RA'TUS, 7i. ; pi. AP-PA-RA/TUS-ES. The instru-
ments or utensils necessary for carrying on any
science, art, trade, &c. ; equipment.
AP-PAR'EL, 7i. Covering for the body ; the equip-
ments of a ship. SYN. Clothing; clothes; dress;
raiment ; vesture ; vestment. The first three
words are those familiarly used ; apparel and the
rest are more formal.
AP-PAR'EL, v. t. To dress ; to deck ; to adorn.
AP-PAR'ENT (4), a. Visible to the eye; clearly
perceptible; seeming. Apparent time, see TIME,
SYN. Obvious ; clear ; plain ; evident. What
is obvious (literally, lying in our way) is certain be-
yond doubt or dispute ; what is plain, clear, or
evident, has ample proof or illustration. Apparent
is sometimes used for clear, and sometimes for
seeming, as, the difficulty was more apparent than
real.
AP-PAE'ENT-LY, ad. Visibly; evidently; in ap-
pearance only.
AP-PA-EL"TIO]Sr (-rish'un), n. In a general sense,
an appearance or visible object ; hence, a ghost or
preternatural appearance.
AP-PEAL', n. Removal of a cause from a lower to
a higher court ; reference to a witness ; call or
address in reference to something.
AP-PEAL', v. i. or t. To remove from a lower to
a higher court ; to call to witness ; to accuse.
AP-PEAL'A-BLE, a. That may be appealed, or
called to answer by appeal.
AP-PEAR', v. i. To be in sight ; to seem ; to look.
AP-PEAR'ANCE, n. A coming in sight ; tiling
seen ; external show or exhibition ; probability ;
being present in court. SYN. Coming; arrival;
mien ; aspect ; presence ; semblance.
AP-PEAR'ING, n. A coming in sight.
AP-PEAS'A-BLE (-pc'za-bl), a. That may be ap-
peased or quieted, calmed or pacified.
A P-PEAS -A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
appeasable.
AP-PEASE' (ap-peze'), v. t. To make quiet. SYN.
To pacify ; allay ; assuage ; compose ; calm.
AP-PEAS'ER, n. One who pacifies.
AP-PEASE'MENT, n. Act of appeasing; state of
being appeased.
AP-PfiL'LANT, 7i.
a.
a. Belonging to appeals.
)N, n. The name by which a
A person Avho appeals.
Appealing.
AP-PKL'LANT, a.
AP-PEL'LATE,
AP-PEL-LA'TION, n. Tlie name by wlucn a per-
son or thing ir, called. SYN. Title ; address.
AP-PEL'LA-TiVI'], a. Common to many; general.
AP-PEL'LA-TlVE, n. A common as distinguished
from a proper noun.
AP-PEL'LA-TlVE-LY, acl. As an appellative.
AP-PEL'LA-TO-RY, a. Containing an appeal.
AP-PEL-LEE', 7i. The defendant in appeal; the
accused.
A P-PEL-LOR', n. The plaintiff in appeal.
AP-PKND', v. t. To hang or join to; to attach or
add .<.>, : ^thing as stipple in entary.
AP-PENi A/rE, 7i. Something added as ?..
nate or incidental.
APP
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., sTiorf. CARE, FAR, LAST
AP-PND'ANT, n. Any thing appended or con
nected as incidental.
AP-PEND'ANT, a. Hanging to ; annexed.
AP-PENTXEN-CY, n. The quality or circumstanc
of being appended,
AP-PEND'IX, 7i. ; pi. AP-PEN'DIX-ES ; L. pi. AP-PEN'
DI-CES. An addition ; a supplement.
AP-PER-TAIN', v. i. To belong, whether by na
ture, right, or appointment ; to relate.
AP'PE-TENCE, ) 71. Strong desire ; sensual ap
AP'PE-TEN-CYJ petite; tendency to seek or
select.
AP-PE-TI-BlL'I-TY, n. Desirable state or quality
AP'PE-TI-BLE, a. Desirable ; pleasing ; engaging
AP'PE-TlTE, n. A desire of food or other sensual
gratification ; eagerness ; longing.
AP-PE-TIZ'ER, n. Something which whets the
appetite.
AP'PE-TIZ-ING, a. Serving to whet the appetite.
AP-PLAUD', v. t. or i. To praise highly ; to com-
mend by clapping hands or other sig*is. - SYN. To
extol ; cry Tip ; magnify.
AP-PLAUD'ER, ?i. One who applauds.
AP-PLAUSE, 7i. Loud public approbation ; praise
by clapping or other signs ; commendation.
AP'PLE (ap'pl), n. The fruit of the apple-tree ; the
pupil of the eye.
AP-PLI'A-BLE, a. That may be applied.
AP-PLl'ANCE, 71. The act of applying, or the thing
applied ; instrument or means.
AP-PLI-A-BIL'I-TY, } n. The quality of being
APPLI--6A-BLE-NESS, ) applicable.
AP'PLI-JA-BLE, a. That may be applied ; suita-
ble.
AP'PLI-A-BLY, ad. In such a manne. that it may
be applied.
AP'PLI-ANT, n. One who applies ; a petitioner.
AP-PLI-A'TION, 71. Act of applying ; the thing
applied ; fixed attention ; assiduity ; request.
AP PLI-A-TO-RY, n. That which applies.
AP'PLI-!A-TO-RY, a. That includes the act of ap-
plying.
AP-PLY', v. t. Literally, to bind to ; hence, to use
or employ for a particular purpose ; to fix the
mind ; to address or direct ; to betake ; to make
application. [course to.
AP-PLY', v. i. To suit or to agree ; to have re-
AP-POG-GI-A-TU'EA, (ap-pod-je-a-tu'ra), n. [It.]
A small note in music, between the other notes,
directing an easy movement.
AP-POINT', v. t. To fix upon ; to determine ; to
settle ; to name and commission to an olnce.
AP-POINT', v. i. To determine.
AP-POINT-EE', 7i. A person appointed.
AP-POIN T'ER, 7i. One who appoints.
AP-POINT'MENT, n. An order ; agreement ; des-
ignation to office ; equipment. SYN. Command.
AP-POR'TION, v. t. To divide or distribute ; to as-
sign in due proportion.
AP-POR'TION-MENT, n. A dividing into shares or
portions.
AP'PO-SlTE (ap'po-zit), a. Properly applied; suit-
1 to.
AP'PO-SITE-LY, ad. Properly ; fitly ; suitably.
AP'PO-$lTE-NESS, n. Fitness ; suitableness.
AP-I'O-Sl'TION (-zish'un), n. A putting to ; an
addition ; the putting of a noun explanatory of
another in the same case.
AP-PRAIS'AL, 7i. A valuation by authority ; an
appraisement.
AP-PRAISE', v. t. To estimate the value of, es-
pecially the agency of persons appointed for this
purpose. [Pronounced more commonly apprize,
as originally spelt. The same is true of the deri-
vatives.]
AP-PRAIS'ER, 7i. One who values ; appropriately,
a person appointed and sworn to fix the value of
goods and estates.
AP-PRAliE'MENT, TV. The act of appraising j val-
uation.
AP-PRE'CIA-BLE (-pre'sha-bl) , a. That may be
estimated or appreciated.
24 APP
, FALL, WHAT; THERE, TERM; MARINE, BlRD J MOVE,
AP-PRE'CIATE (-pre'shate), v. t. To value ; to es-
timate duly. SYN. To esteem ; estimate ; value.
We estimate things when we learn by calcula-
tion their real amount, as pro/its, &c. ; we appre-
ciate when we prize them according to their true
value or worth, as a man's services; we esteem
when we regard them with moral approbation.
AP-PRE-CI-A'TION (prc-she-a'shun, n. The act of
valuing ; a just valuation or estimate.
AP-PRE'CI-A-TlVE, a. Having or showing a just
appreciation. [appreciation.
AP-PRE'CI-A-TlVE-LY (-pre'she-a-) , ad. With just
AP-PRE-HEND', v. t. To seize or lay hold of; to
understand ; to fear ; to entertain suspicion of
future evil. SYN. To catch; arrest; concefvc;
imagine ; believe ; fear ; dread.
AP-PRE-HEND', v. i. To be of opinion ; to behave.
AP-PRE-HEND'ER, n. One who apprehends.
AP-PRE-HEN'SI-BLE, a. That may be appre-
hended.
AP-PRE-HN'SION (-liSn'shun), n. The act of
comprehending ; conception ; faculty of conceiv-
ing ; suspicion ; fear.
AP-PRE-HEN'SlVE, a. Fearful; suspicious; per-
ceptive ; sensible.
AP-PRE-HEN'SlVE-NESS, n. The quality of being
apprehensive ; fearfulness.
AP-PREN'TlCE, 7i. One bound to another to learn
a trade or art.
AP-PREN'TICE, v. t. To bind as an apprentice.
AP-PREN'TICE-SHIP, n. The condition of an ap-
prentice ; the time for which he scr
AP-PRISE', v. t. To inform ; to give notice to.
SYN. To acquaint ; make known ; communicate.
AP.PRly.ED', (-prlzd'), pp. Informed; notified.
AP-PRIZE', v. t. To set a value on by authority.
See APPRAISE.
AP-PRIZ'ER. See APPRAISER.
AP-PROACH', v. i. To draw near ; to approximate.
AP-PROACH', 7i. The act of drawing near ; access ;
way of approach ; works to cover an approach.
AP-PROACH'A-BLE, a. That may be approached.
AP-PROACH'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
approachable.
AJP-PROACH'LESS, a. That can not be approached.
A.P-PRO-BA'TION, n. The act of approving ; con-
sent to a thing on the ground of its propriety ; ap-
proval. SYN. Licence; liking; attestation.
AP'PRO-BA-TO-RY, } a. Approving; containing
approbation.
AP'PRO-BA-TIVE, ) approbation.
AP-PRO'PRI-A-BLE, a. That may be appropriated.
AP-PRO'PRI-ATE, v. t. To set apart for a par-
ticular purpose, or fc-j one's self; to assign.
A.P-PRO'PRI-ATE, a. Belonging to peculiarly ;
most suitable or proper. SYN. Fit ; adapted ; per-
tinent ; well-timed.
AP-PRO'PRI-ATE-LY, ad. In an appropriate man-
ner ; properly.
AP-PRO'PRI-ATE-NESS, n. Suitableness ; fitness.
P-PRO-PRI-A'TION, 7i. The act, of appropriating
or setting apart for a purpose ; the tiling appro-
priated.
P-PRO'PRI-A-TOR, 7i. One who appropriates;
one who has an appropriated benefice.
AP-PROy'A-BLE (-proov'a-bl), a. Worthy of ap-
probation.
AP-PROV'AL, n. Act of approving ; approbation.
AP-PROVE' (-proov'), v. t. To regard and treat as
right or proper ; to like ; to prove ; to commend ;
to sanction.
AP-PROVER, n. One who approves. In law, one
who confesses a crime and brings out his accom-
plices.
AP-PROX'I-MATE, v. i. To come near; to ap-
proach.
P-PROX'I-MATE, v. t. To cause to approach.
AP-PROX'I-MATE, a. Near to.
P-PROX-I-MA'TIOJST, n. An approach; a coming
near.
AP-PROX'I-MA-TlVE, a. That approaches.
P-PCLSE', 71. The act of striking against; a
touching, or very near approach.
25
ARC
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK J R^LE, Bri,L ; Vl"CIOUS.
AP-PCl/SION (-pul'shun), n. A striking against
moving body.
AP-PCR'TEN-ANCE, n. That which appertains to
something else.
AP-PCRTEN-ANT, a. Belonging to by ricrht.
A'PRI-G'OT, n. A fine fruit allied to the plum.
ATEIL, n. The fourth month of the year.
A'PEIL-FOOL, n. One imposed upon in sport on
the first day of April.
A'PEON (a'purn), n. An outside garment worn as
a cover in front ; a cover or protection.
A'PEONED (a'purnd), a. Wearing or having an
apron.
A'PEON-MAN, n. A labouring man.
AP'RO-POS ^ap'ro-po), ad. [Fr.] By the way; sea-
sonably ; to the purpose.
AP'SIS, n ; pi. IP'SI-DES. [Gr.] The name of those
two points in an elliptical orbit at the greatest and
least distance from the central body ; the arched
part of a church for the altar, &c.
APT, a. Suited to the occasion, as an apt remark ;
having a tendency to ; prompt and ready. SYN.
Appropriate; suitable; qualified ; inclined; dis-
posed; dexterous; fitted. One who is disposed or
inclined to any thing is apt to dp it. He who is
apt at any employment is qualified or dexterous.
An apt quotation is one which is appropriate, suit-
able, or fitted to the case.
AP'TEE-AL, a. A term applied to buildings which
have no columns along the sides, but only in frout.
AP'TEE-OUS, a. Destitute of wings.
APT'I-TCDE, n. Fitness for some particular end
or use. SYN. Suitableness; preparation; ten-
dency ; adaptation.
APT'LY, ad. Properly ; fitly ; readily ; wittily.
APTNESS, n. Fitness ; readiness ; tendency.
AP'TOTE, n. A noun having no distinction of
A-PY'ROUS, a. Resisting fire ; incombustible.
A'QUA FOR'TIS, n. [L.1 Nitric acid.
A'QUA. MA-RTNE', n. A kind of emerald of a sea-
green colour.
A'(>UA UE'GI-A, n. [L.] A mixture of nitric and
muriatic acid.
A-QUA'RI-UM, n. A pond or tank for rearing
aquatic plants and animals.
A-QUA'RI-US, n. [L.] The water-bearer, the
eleven ,;h si^n in the zodiac.
A-QUAT'I, a. Living in water ; watery.
TINT' A, n. [L. and It.] A method of etching
on copper by means of aqua fortis.
A'QUA yi'T.L', 11. [L.] Brandy; spirit of wine.
AQ'UE-DIKJT (ak'we-dukt), n. An artificial con-
duit for water.
A'QUE-OUS (a'kwe-tis), a. Watery; consisting of
water. Aqueous humour, a transparent fluid form-
ing part of the eve.
A'QUE-OUS-NESS, n. A watery quality.
A'QUI-FOEM, a. In the form of water.
AOyUI-LINE (uk'we-lm or ak'we-llne), a. Like an
eas-le or its beak ; hooked.
AR'AB, n. A native of Arabia.
AE'A-BESQUE (ar'a-besk), a. Ornaments after the
Arabian manner, often intricate and fantastic from
the intermingling of foliage, fruits, &c., with other
objects real or imaginary.
A-EA'BI-AN, a. Pertaining to Arabia.
AB'A-BKJ, n. The lansruasre of the Arabians.
AE'A-BIST, n. One versed in Arabic literature.
AE'A-BLE, a. Fit for tillage or ploughing ; ploughed.
A-EA-GH'NOID, a. Formed like a spider's web.
A-EAGH-NOL'O-GY, n. The natural history of
spiders and allied insects.
AR'BI-TEE, n. An umpire ; one who controls.
AE'BIT-EA-BLE, a. Arbitrary; determinate.
AR BI-TRAL, a. Relating to arbitration.
AR-BlT'EA-MENT, n. Will ; determination ; awa-d
of arbitrators.
AK/BI-TEA-RI-LY, ad. By will only ; absolutely.
AE'BI-TRA-EY, a, Absolute ; despotic ; governed
or dictated by will only. SYN. Tyrannical; im-
perious; unlimited; capricious. When a ruler
e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
has absolute, unlimited, or arbitrary power, lie is
apt to be capriciotts, if not imperious, tyrannical,
and despotic.
AE'BI-TRATE, v. i. or t. To hear and judge as an
. arbitrator ; to decide.
AE-BI-TEA'TION, n. The reference of a contro-
. versy to persons chosen by the parties to decide it.
AE'BI-TEA-TOR, n. A person chosen by contend-
ing parties to decide between them; an umpire.
AR'BI-TEESS, n. A female arbiter.
AE'BOUE, ?i. A bower ; a seat shaded by tree? ; a
spindle or axis.
j5gW*}- Belong to tree,
AE-BO-EKS'CENCE, n. The resemblance of a tree.
AR-BO-RKS'CENT, a. Resembling a tree ; becom-
ing tree-like.
AE'BO-EET, n. A small tree ; a shrub.
AE-BOE-I-'CLT'UEE, n. The art of cultivating
trees and shrubs.
AE-BOE'I-FOEM, a. Having the form of a tree.
AE'BOE-IST, n. A student or judge of trees.
AE-BOE-I-ZATION, n. A tree-like appearance in
minerals.
AE'BOE-lZE, v. t. To form tree-like appearances
in a mineral.
AE'BUS-CLE (arTjus-sP ,n. A dwarf tree.
AE-BUS'-eU-LAE, a. Resembling a shrub ; having
the figure of small trees.
AE-BUST'lVE, a. Covered with shrubs.
AE-BUST'U.M , n. A copse of shrubs or small trees.
AE, n. Part of a circle.
AE-ADE', n. A continuous arch or series of
arches ; a walk arched above ; a range of shops
along an orched passage.
AR-CA'NUM, n; pi. Aa-el'KA. [L.] A secret.
ARCH, a. Literally, bent or turned aside ; hence,
i! ; cunning :
tion (from Gr. chief), denotes principal, or of tka
first class, as archangel, arch-enemy, &c.
ARCH, 7i. A segment or part of a circle ; any work
in that form, or covered by an arch.
ARCH, v. t. or i. To form with a curve.
AR^'H-^-O-LOGOe-AL (ark-), a. Eclating to arch-
aeology, [seology.
AB4DH-.3J-OI/O-GIST (ark-), n. One versed i
AEH-;E-OL'O-6Y (ark-e-ol'o-jy), n. The science
of antiquities ; a treatise on antiquities or ancient
usages, customs, &c.
AE-t'HA'I^ (firk-5'ik), a. Ancient; obsolete.
AECH'A-ISM (ark'a-izm), n. An ancient or obso-
lete word or expression.
AR f 'H-AN'GEL, n. An angel of the highest order.
ARf:H-AN-(';i : :L'I-e, a. Belonging to archangels.
AECH-A-PfiS'TATE, n. The chief apostate.
ARCH-BfSH'OP, 71. A chief bishop.
AECH-B!SHOP-RI, n. The jurisdiction, place,
or diocese of an archbishop. '
ARCH-DEA'CON (-de'kn), n. An ecclesiastical dig-
nitary next in rank below a bishop.
AECH-DA'ON-RY, j n. The office and juris-
AECH-DEA'OX-SHIP,| diction of an archdea-
con.
AECH-DC'f AL, a. Pertaining to an archduke.
AECH-DCCH'ESS, n. A princess of the house of
Au-t
AECH-DCCH'Y, n. The territory of an archduke
or archduchess.
AECH-DCKE'DOM, n. The jurisdiction of an arch-
duke or archduchess.
AECH-DCKE', n. A grand duke; a chief prince ;
now strict! v, a son of an Emperor of Auiirii.
AECHED (archt), pp. or a. Bent in the form of an
arch ; vaulted ; curved.
ARCH ER, n. One who shoots with a bow.
ARCH'ER-Y, 7i. The art of shooting with a bow.
Ai:CH'E-OURT, n. A court of appoal in the
archbishopric of Canterbury.
AEH'E-TYP-AL, a. Belonging to the original
model.
AEH'E-TtPE f ark'e-tipe) , n. The original; a
model from 's-liich any thins: is made.
AUO 26
A, E, &c., long. I, E, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
ARCH-FIEND 7 , a. The chief of fiends.
ARH-I-DI-A!'O-NAL, a. Pertaining to an arch
.. deacon. [archbishop
ARH-I-E-PlS'0-PA-CY, n. The estate of a
AR-GH-l-E-PlS'-eO-PAL (ark-), a. Belonging to a
.. archbishop.
$.R'HIL, ii. A violet-reel paste, used as a dye.
AR-!HIM-E-DE'AN, a. Pertaining to Archimedes
AR-Hl-PEL'A-GO (ar-ke-), n. A sea crowde
with islands.
ARH'I-TET (ark'e-tekt), n. One who plans an
superintends the construction of a building
hence, one who contrives or builds up.
AR)H-I-TE!'TiVE, o. Adopted to use in archi
tecture.
ARH-T-TE!T-ON'I, ") a. Of or relating to an
ARH-l-TE!T-ON'I-e-AL, j architect.
ARfJH-1-TE-eTRESS, n. A female architect.
AR^H-I-TE^T'QR-AL (Jirk-e-tekt'yiir-al), o. Per
taining to architecture.
AR!H't-TE!T-yRE (ark'e-tekt-yur), n. The science
or art of building ; the tiling built ; workmanship
ARH'I-TRAVE, n. That part of the entablature
which lies immediately on the column.
AR-GH'IVES (ark'Ivz), n. pi. Public or ancient
records ; a repository for such records.
ARH'i-VIST (ark'e-vist), n. The keeper of arch
ives.
ARCH'LY, ad. With sly humour ; shrewdly.
ARCH'NESS, n. Sly humour; shrewdness; cun-
.. fling.
AR'H'ON (ark'on), n. A chief magistrate in ancient
Athens.
ARCH-PRES'BY-TER, n. A chief presbyter.
ARCH-PRIEST', n. A chief priest.
ARCH'WAY, n. A passage under an arch.
AR!'p-GRAPH, n. An instrument for drawing arcs
.. of circles without a central point.
ARCI-TA'TION, n. A tightening j constipation from
imflammation.
AR^'TI-e, a. Northern ; lying far north. Arctic
circ'e, a circle 23 deg. from the north pole.
AR!'0-ATE, a. Bent like a bow. [tion.
AR-U-A'TION, n. A bending ; convexity ; incurva-
AR'DEN-CY, n. Ardour ; eagerness; zeal ; heat.
AR'DENT, a. Hot or burning, as ardent spirits,
ardent eyes; with warm emotion, as ardent feel-
ings. SYN. Fiery; fierce; eager; vehement.
AR'DENT-LY, ad. With warmth; zealously; af-
.. fectionately ; passionately.
AR'DOUR, n. Heat ; warmth ; fervency ; affection.
AR'DU-OUS (ard'yu-us), a. Literally, very high, as
a hill ; hence, difficult to accomplish, as a task,
&c. STN. Difficult; hard. Arduous is stronger
than hard, and hard stronger than difficult.
AR'DU-OUS-NESS, n. Great difficulty ; laborious-
.. ness.
ARE (ar). The plural of the substantive verb to be,
but from an obsolete root.
A'RE-A, n ; pi. A'RE-AS. The superficial contents of
any figure ; any inclosed space or open surface.
AR-E-FA'TION, n. The act of drying; dryness.
A-RE'NA, n. ; pi. A-RK'NAS. An open space of
ground for combatants ; hence, any place of com-
bat ; figuratively, any place of public contest or
exertion.
AR-E-NA'CEOUS, a. Sandy; friable. '
A-RE'O-LA, n. The coloured circle round the nip-
ple, or round a pustule. [eopagus.
AR-E-OP'A-GITE (-jite), n. A member of the Ar-
AR-E-OP'A-GUS, 7i. Literally, the Hill of Mars, a
rocky eminence in Athens; hence the highest
tribunal or court of the Athenians, which met on
that hill.
AK'GAL, n. Unrefined or crude tartar.
AR'GAND LAMP, n. An improved lamp with a
circular wick and glass chimney (named from its
inventor) .
AR'GENT, a. Silvery; bright like silver.
AR'GENT, n. The white colour on a coat of arms,
designed to represent silver or purity.
AR-GENT-lF'ER-OUS, a. Containing silver.
ARM
PALI, 1TH4T; THERE, TERM; MARINE, Bf RD ; MOVE,
AR'GIL (ar'jil), n. Pure clay or alumine r potter's
clav.
AR-GIL-LA'CEOUS (-la'shus), a. Partaking of the
properties of clay.
AR-GlL-LlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing clay.
AR-GlL'LOUS, a. Clayey.
AR'GO-NAUT, n. One of the persons who sailed
with Jason in the Argo for Colchis in search of
the golden fleece.
AR'GO-SY, n. A large trading vessel.
AR'GOE (ar'gu), v. t. To treat or examine by rea-
soning; to establish by argument; to evince.
SYN. To discuss ; debate ; dispute ; prove To
discuss, debate, <5r dispute, is the act of parties
interchanging arguments between themselves.
To prove is the strongest term, implying decisive
evidence ; to evince is next in strength, implying
evidence sufficient to remove doubt ; argue is the
weakest.
AR'GOE, v. i. To offer reasons for or against ; to
reason with.
AR'GU-ER,, n. Adisptiter; reasoner.
AR'GU-MENT, n. Reason alleged to induce be-
lief; debate; a plea; subject of discourse; a sum-
mary of contents.
AR-GU-MENT-A'TION, n. Reasoning ; the process
or act of reasoning.
AR-GU-MENT'A-TiVE, a. Containing argument;
addicted to argument.
AR-GU-MEN'TUM AD HOWI-NEM. [L.) An argu-
ment which derives its force from its personal
application to an antagonist.
AR'GUS, n. A fabulous being with a hundred eyes.
A'RI-AN, n. A follower of Arius, who held that
Christ was only a superangelic being ; a. pertain-
ing to Arianisrn.
A'RI-AN-I>M, 11. The doctrine of Arius.
'R ID, a. Dry ; parched up with heat.
A'RI-ES, n. The ram, the first of the twelve signs
of the zodiac.
A-RIGHT' (a-rite'), <J- In <^e order ; rightly ;
duly ; without mistake.
A-RISE', v. i.; [pret. AROSE ; pp. ARISEN.] To rise;
to get up ; to mount up ; to appear ; to revive
from death.
AR-IS-TO'RA-CY, n. A government by nobles or
the higher classes ; the nobility or higher classes.
AR'IS-TO-RAT or A-R1S'TO-RAT, n. One who
favours aristocracy.
AR-IS-TO--eRAT'I, ") a. Pertaining to or par-
VR-IS-TO-eRATTG-AL, $ taking of aristocracy.
R-IS-TO-TE'LI-AN, n. A follower of Aristotle;
a. pertaining to Aristotle.
A-RlTH MET- re, n. The science of numbers ; the
art of computation.
R-ITH-MET'I-AL, a. According to arithmetic
R-ITH-METTG-AL-LY, ad. By means of arith-
metic [arithmetic.
\.-RITH-ME-TI"CIAN (-ttsh'an), n. One skilled in
RK, n. A small chest or coftY.r, as in the Jewish
temple ; the vessel in which Noah was preserved ;
n 1-irge boat.
ARM, n. A limb extending from the shotilder to
the hand ; a large branch of a tree ; an inlet of
the sea ; a branch of military force ; a fire-arm ;
power or might, as the secular arni.
RM, v. t. or i. To furnish with or take up arms ;
to fit up ; to fortify.
VR-MA'DA, n. A large fleet of ships of war.
^R-MA-DIL'LO, n. A bony-shelled South Ameri-
can quadruped.
RM'A-MENT, n. A land or naval force fitted out
for war; munitions of a man-of-war.
RM'A-TORE, n. Armour ; defence ; of a magnet,
a piece of iron to connect its poles.
RM'FUL, ii. As much as the arms can hold.
R'MIL-LA-RY, a. Of or resembling a bracelet.
LR-MtN'IAN (-yan), n. A follower of Armmius,
who denied predestination and the kindred doc-
trines ; a. belonging to Arminianisin.
AKM
27
ART
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; RLE, BTJLL ; vfcious. e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ;
AR-MlN'IAN-IgM, n. Tha tenets of Arminius.
AEM'IS-TlCE, n. A temporary cessation of arms ;
a truce.
AEM'LET, n. A small arm, as of the sea ; a brace-
let.
AEM'OB-EE. n. A person that makes or sells
arms.
ARM-0'RI-AL, a. Belonging to armour, or to the
escutcheon of a family.
AEM'O-EY, 7i. A repository of arms; armour; a
mantifactory of arms ; ensigns armorial.
AE-RlY'AL, n. The act of coming to a place ; the
things arriving.
AE-E1VE', v. i. To reach or come to a place: to
_ attain.
AR'EO-GANCE, n. Undue assumption of import-
ance SYN. Haiightiness ; lordliness. Arrogance
disgusts by its assumption, haughtiness and lordli-
ness by their contemptuous claims to superiority.
AE'EO-GANT, a. Assuming undue importance;
haughty. SYN. Lordly ; insolent ; insul-
I AE'EO-GANT-LY, ad. Haughtily ; very proudly.
AEM'OUE, 71. Defensive arms or dress. I AE'RO-GATE, v. t. To claim unduly ; to assume.
AEM'OUE-BEAR'EB, n. One who carries the arms : AB-EO-GATION, n. The act of assuming unjustly.
AB'EOW,n. A pointed weapon to be shot from a bow.
AB'EOW-EOOT, n. A tropical plant, and the
of another.
AEMTIT, n. The hollow under the shoulder.
ARMS, ?). jil. Instruments for fighting, whether
offensive or defensive ; war ; ensigns armorial.
starch which it yields, being highly nutritious.
AB'BOW-Y, a. Consisting of or having arrows;
A repository for arms; a nmga-
SYN. Originally arms were for attack, ac capons for _. like an arrow,
defence. Hence we say fire-arms, not fire-weapons, AR'SE-NAL, n.
because fire is not used for defence. At present zine ; a manufactory of arms,
the word weapon is applied to instruments of AR'SEN-IC, n. A metal or an oxyd of a metal, a
attack as well as defence. virulent poison.
AR'MY, n. A large body of armed men under rnili- AE-SEN'It'-AL, a. Pertaining to arsenic. fsenic.
tary command ; great number.
AE'NI-A, n. A plant used in decoction and tinc-
ture to allav
A-RfyMA, n. [Gr.] The fragrant quality in plants ;
sweet odour.
AE-O-MAT'M', a. Spicy ; fragrant.
AE-O-MAT'K'S, n. pi. Spices' or perfumes.
A-ROIIA-TIZE, v. t. To impregnate with sweet
odours or aroma.
A-ROSE', prei. of ARLSE.
A-EOUND', ad. In a circle on all sides ; in various
directions.
A-EOUND', prep. About ; encompassing.
AEOU^E', v. t. To awaken suddenly. SYN. To
excite ; animate ; rouse.
AR'PENT (ar'pan-g), n. A French measure of land,
a little less than an acre.
AR'QUE-BUSE, n. A hand-gun formerly used.
AR-QUE-BUS-1ER' (iir-kwe-bus-eer'), 71. A soldier
armed with an nrquebuse.
AR-RACK', n. A kind of spirit obtained in the
East. Indies from rice or the cocoa-nut-tree, Ac.
AR-RAlGN' (ar-rime'), t. To bring before a tri-
bunal for some offence. SYN. To accuse; im-
pearh ; charge ; censure.
AR-RAIGNMEXT (-raue'-), n. The act of arraign-
ing.
AR-EANGE', r. t. To set in order ; to put in place.
SYN. To ;><ljust ; dispose ; place.
AR-RANGE'MENT, n. A putting in order ; orderly
disposition ; final settlement,
facts ; as the Linuean arrangement of plants.
of
AR'EANT, a. Very bad ; notorious. Spelt by Ben
Jonson errant, i. c., wildly bad.
AR'RAS, n. '1 ape-lry ; hangings of tapestry, made
first at Arras in France.
AR-RAY' (ar-ra'), n. Order, as of men for
o inipannelling of a jury, or the
jury impannelled.
AR-RAY' (ar-ra'), v. t. To put in order ; to provide
with dress ; to impannel. SYN. To dispose ; draw
out ; arrange ; envelop.
A.E-EEAR', 7i. siwj. \Tliat which is behind in pay-
iE-EEAKs', 71. pi. j ment.
A. R- 1 : ! : The part of a debt unpaid.
A.E-EEP-T1"TIOUS (-tish'us), a. Snatched away;
crept in privily.
A.B-REST", v. t. To hold or restrain from moving ;
to detain ; to seize by warrant. SYN. To check ;
stop; apprehend. To arrest, like seize, denotes a
forcible and usually a sudden act, by which we
died:, stop, or detaiii. When we arrest a criminal,
we seize and detain him ; when we apprehend, we
lay hold of, for the same purpose.
A.E-EEST', n. A seizure by process of law; stop;
hinderance ; a staying, as of a judgment.
\R-RIERE' (ar-reerO, n. The last body of an army,
now called rear.
TO X ( -rizli'un) , n. Act of sm i
AE-SE'NI-OUS, a. Composed of or containing ar-
AE'SIS, 7i. In prosody, that part of a foot on which
I .. the stress of the voice falls.
AE'SON, 7i. The malicious burning of another per-
| .. son's residence or dwelling.
I AET, the second person singular of the verb am.
AET, n. The disposition or modification of things
by human skill, as opposed to nattr
of rules serving to facilitate the performance of
certain actions as opposed to science, as the art
of building; skill, dexterity or the power of per-
forming certain actions ; arts are divided into the
usejid or mechanical, and the literal or
artifice; duplicity.
AE-TE-MIS'lA, p. A genus of bitter plants, In-
cluding wormv-oot 1 ., inui? wort, &c.
AR-TE'RI-AL, a Belonging to or like an artery.
AR-TE-RI-AL-I-ZA'TIO1S, n. The process of arte-
rializing.
AR-TE'Ei-AL-IZE, v. t. To communicate the qual-
ities of arterial blood.
AR TE-EY, n. A vessel conveying blood from the
heart to all parts of the body.
AR-TE'SIAN (-te'zhan), . Artesian wells, so caUed
from Artois, in France, are made by boring into
the earth till water is reached, which then .
.. the surface.
ART'FUL, a. Practising art or stratagem ; spring-
ing from art or craft ; performed with art. SYN.
Cunning ; crafty ; dextrous.
ART'Fl'L-LY, ad. With art; cunningly; dex-
trously ; skilfully.
AETTUL-NESS, n. Art ; cunninsr ; dexterity.
AE-THRiT'I-t/ 1 , a. Pertaining to the joints, or the
gout.
AR'TI-GLE (ar'te-kl), n. A term ; condition ; part
of a discourse ; a clause or item ; a distinct portion
of a magazine, review, &c. ; a distinct but unde-
fined thing ; a part of speech.
AE'TI-CHOKE, 71. A garden vegetable.
AE'TI-eLE (ar'te-kl), v. t. To bind by articles;
1). i. to a<rree by articles ; to stipulate.
AE-Tl^'U-LAR, a. Of or belonging to joints.
AE-Tie-tJ-LA'TA, n. pi. Animals with a jointed
covering, but no internal skeleton, such as in-
sects, worms, cr
AE-TI-C'C-LATE, v. i. To speak with distinctness ;
to ipint ; v. t. to utter with distinctness.
AE-TI'0-LATE, a, Havinsr joints.
AE-Tl-e'0-LATE-LY, ad. Distinctly; clearly.
AE-TLG'-C-'LA'TION, n. Connection by joints ; a
joint ; forming of sounds by the organ of sp
SYN. a distinct articulation ; a correct ,;
AE'TI-FlCE, n. Artful contrivance ; device.- SYN.
Strategem ; finesse ; deception ; clieat ; fraud.
AE-T1F'I-CEE, n. A skilful workman in some art ;
one who constructs and contrives.
AE-TI-Fl"CIAL, (fTsh'al), a. Made by art ; ficti-
tious ; not natural ; cultivated ; feigned.
AKT
i, , &c., long. X, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
XH-TI-F1"CIAL-LY, ad. By art } not naturally.
AR-TI-Fl"CIAL-XESS,7n. The quality of being
AR-TI-F1"CIAL'I-TY, j artificial.
AR-TIL'LE-RIST, n. One skilled in gunnery.
AR-TIL'LE-RY, n. Weapons for war, chiefly can
non, mortars, and their appendages ; the men who
manage them ; science of artillery j an arm of
military service.
&RTI-SAN, n. A person skilled in any mechanical
._ art ; a handicraftsman.
ART'IST, . A person who professes and practises
__ one of the fine arts.
iR-TlSTTG, a Belonging to or becoming an art-
ist ; conformed to art.
ARTLESS, a. Without art; simple, honest.
ART'LESS-LY, ad. Without art ; naturally.
ART'LESS-JSESS, n. The quality of being artless.
A-RUX-DIX-A'SHUS (-na'shus), a. Pertaining to
the reed or cane.
AR-UX-DI X'E-OUS, a. Abounding in reeds.
, ad. Like ; even; in like manner.
AS, n. A Roman weight of twelve ounces ; a coin.
AS-A-FETT-DA, 7 n. A fetid inspissated sap from
AS-A-F(ET'I-DA, j the East Indies, used in rnedi-
> TI-FORM, n. Having the structure of as-
^'TlNE, a. Pertaining to asbestus.
S'TUS, \ n. A mineral which is ribrous,
AS-BES-TOS, j whitish, or greenish, and incom-
ible.
AS CEXD', v. i. To move upward; to rise ; to recur
to former times; v. t. to go upward upon, as
AS-CEXD' A-BLE, a. That may bo
AS-CEXD'AXT, a. Superior; predominant.
AS-CEXD'ANT, n. Superior influence ; an ances-
tor ; height ; elevation. To be in the a,-
to have commanding power or influence :
the ascendant, one who has such power or influ-
ence.
AS-CEXD'EX-CY, n. Superior or controling in-
fluence. SYN. Authority ; sway ; control.
AS-CEX'SIOX (as-sen'shun), n. The act of ascend-
AS-CEX'SIOX-DAY, n Tlie day on which our
Saviour's ascension is commemorated, commonly
1 Holy Thursday.
AS-CEXT, .. The act of rising ; a mounting up-
ward ; an eminence; rise; rising of ahill; acclivity.
AS-CER-TAIN', v. t. To make certain ; to gain cer-
tain know!
AS-CER-TA1X A-BLE, a. That may be ascertained.
AS-CER-TAIX'MENT, n. A making or gaining
certainty.
AS-CET'It', n. One who practises undue rigour or
self-denial in religious things.
AS-CETI-G, a. Unduly rigid or self-denying in re-
ligious tiling.
AS-CETI-CISM, n. The practice of ascetics.
AS-ClTI-G, > a. Tending to dropsy of the ob-
AS-ClT'It'-ALj domen. [cribed.
AS-RIB' A-BLE, a. That may be attributed or as-
AS-GRIBE', v. t. To attribute to, as a cause or
quality ; to impute ; to assign.
AS-eRI P'TIOX, n. The act of ascribing ; the thing
A-SEX'CF-AL, a. Destitute of sex. [ascribed.
ASH, n. The name of a well-known tree ; the wood
of the ash-tree.
A-SIIAMED', a. Covered with shame ; aba-hed.
ASH'-t'OL-OURED (-kul-lurd), a. Of a colour
T between brown and gray.
ASH'EX, a. Made or formed of ash -wood.
ASH'ER-Y, n. A place for ashes; a place where
pot-ash is made.
ASH'E, n. pi. The remains of what is burnt ; the
remains of a dead body.
ASH'LAR, > n. Free-stones as they come from the
ASH'LER, ) quarry ; hewn stones for the facing
of walls.
ASH'LER-rXG, n. The setting of aslilar facing ;
partition timbers in garrets reaching from floor to
rafters.
28 ASS
TALL, WHAT; THRB, T^RM; MARINE, E!RD; MOVE,
A-SHORE', ad. At or on shore ; on the land.
ASH-WEDNE$'DAY (-wSnz'dy), n. The first day of
Lent.
ASH'Y, a. Ash-coloured ; like ashes.
A-SI-ATTG, a. Belonging to Asia.
A-S1DE', ad. On one side; out of the right way;
apart.
AS'I-XlXE, a. Belonging to or resembling an ass ;
Btupid.
ASK (6), v. t. or i. To seek with a view to obtain ;
to set a price on; to inquire.- SYN. To request :
solicit ; petition ; beg ; entreat ; claim ; demand ;
require ; interrogate.
AS-KAXCE',) v ad. Obliquely; sideways; toward
AS-KAXT', j one corner of the eye.
ASK'ER, ?i. An inquirer ; water-newt ; eft.
A-SKEW' (a-sku'), ad. Sideways ; contemptuously;
askant.
A-SLANT', ad. In a slanting manner ; obliquely.
A-SLEEP', ad. At rest in sleep ; in a sleeping state.
A-SLOPE', ad. With a slope or descent.
ASP, n. A small serpent whose poison kills ; a
tree.
AS-PAR'A-GUS, n. An esculent plant.
AS'PE-GT, n. Look or appearance; position for a
view, as a house with a southern aspect.
AS'PEX, n. A tree ; the poplar, or a species of it.
AS'PEX, a. Pertaining to the aspen.
AS-PER-GLL'LUS, n. The brush with which holy
water is sprinkled in Roman Catholic chu.r
AS-PER'I-TY, n. Originally, roughness of surface,
taste, c., but now harshness of spirit and lan-
guage. SYN. Acrimony; bitterness; roughness j
tartness ; moroseness.
AS-PERSE' (13), D. t. Literally, to sprinkle or spot :
to attack with slander. SYN. To calumniate ; slan-
der ; defame. To slander and caiwmmM.it are to
charge with a crime falsely and knowingly ; to as-
. to cast blots upon the character of some
one ; to defame is to assail reputation by false-
hood.
AS-PERS'ER, n. One who asperses or vilifies.
AS-PER'SION (as-per'shun), n. A sprinkling ; slan-
: calumny.
AS-PHALT', ) n. A bituminous substance first
A S-PH ALT'UM, j found on the Lake Asphaltites.
AS-PHALT'If, a. Pertaining to asphalt ; bitumin-
ous.
AS-PHtX'IA, ") n. A swooning or fainting; sus-
AS-PHYX'Y, j pended animation.
AS-PlR'AXT, n. One who aspires or seeks eagerly.
AS-PIR'AXT, a. Aspiring.
AS'PI-RATE, r. t. To pronounce with a full emis-
sion of breath.
AS'PI-RATE, n. A letter which is aspirated ; the
mark of the rough breathing in Greek.
AS-PI-RA'TIOX, n. An ardent wish; a breathing
after ; the use of too much breath in speaking.
AS-PIRE', v. i. To desire eagerly ; to pant after ; to
aim at what is lofty or difficult.
AS-PIR'ER, n. One who aspires or seeks earnestly.
AS-PlR'ING, a. Having an ardent desire to rise ;
11. eager desire of elevation.
A-SQU1XT', ad. Toward one side ; squintingly.
ASS (d), n. A beast of burden of the horse family ;
a dolt ; a stupid person.
AS-SA-FOET'I-DA. See ASAFCETIDA.
AS-SAIL', v. t. To leap or rush upon ; to attack
suddenly. SYN. To assault ; beset ; fall upon.
AS-SAIL'A-BLE, a. That may be attacked, or set
upon, or invaded.
AS-SAIL' A Is T, n. One who attacks or assaults ; a.
invading with violence ; assaulting.
AS-SAIL'ER, n. One who assails.
AS-SAS'SIX, n. One who kills or attempts to kill
by treachery or secret assault.
AS-SAS'SIN-ATE, v. t. To murder by secret as-
sault or by sudden violence.
AS-SAS-SIX-A'TIOX, n. The act of assassinating.
AS-SAULT', n. Violent attack ; storm of a fort ;
a blow or attempt to strike. SYN. Ouset ; on-
slaught; charge; descent.
ASS
29
ASS
r>6vE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BrLL ; vi"eious. as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
AS-SIGN-EE' (as-si-ne'), n. One to whom some-
thing is assigned.
a eTr'xr/T7 i i> i^r,-^-.
AS-SAULT', v. t. To fall upon with violence or
hostility ; to invade ; to attack ; to assail. SYN.
Assault is the strongest term, being literally to
leap upon ; to attack is to commence an onset ; to
invade is to enter upon forcibly or by arms ; to
assail is nearly the same as assavlt.
AS-SATJLT'EE, n. One who ^saiilts or storms.
AS-SAY' (as-sa'j, v. i. To determine the amount of
a particular metal in an ore or metallic compound;
v. i. to attempt : to try or endeavour.
AS-SAY', (Btf-sa')i n- A trial, especially of the
amount of metal in an ore or compound ; a trial
of weights and measures.
AS-SAY'EE, . One who tries or examines metals.
AS-SAY'ING, n. Same as ASSAY.
AS-SfiM'BLAGE, n. A collection ; a number of
things or individuals brought together ; state of
being assembled.
AS-SEM'BLE, v. t. To bring or call together ; to
collect ; to convene ; v. i. to come or meet to-
gether.
AS-SEM'BLY, n. A company assembled or met ;
a legislature, or a branch of it ; convocation or
council of ministers and rilling elders, as the Gen-
eral Assembly of Scotland. SYN. Assemblage ;
company ; meeting ; collection ; group.
AS-SENT', v. i. To agree to as true or admissible.
AS-SENT', n. The act of agreeing to ; concurrence.
SYN. Consent. Assent is an act of the under-
standing, consent of the will or feelings. "We as-
sent to a statement or a proposition ; we consent
to a proposal. Assent, however, may apply to a
case involving but little interest or feeling ;_a lady
may assent to a gentleman's opening the window,
but she must consent to marry him.
AS-SENT-A'TION, n. Assent by way of flattery or
adulation.
AS-SENT-ATOR. n. A flatterer.
AS-SENT'ER, n. One who assents.
AS-SERT' (13), v. i. To declare positively ; to in-
sist upon. SYN. To maintain; aver; affirm. We
assert against denial, as a rigid or claim; we
maintain against opposition as the ground we have
taken ; we a#irmwith great confidence or firmness;
we aver in a peremptory manner.
AS-SfiETION, n. The act of asserting ; affirmation ;
positive declaration.
A-SEETTVE, a. Positive ; implying assertion.
AS-SEET OR, n. An affirmer ; a maintainer.
AS-SESS', v. t. To tax ; to value for the purpose of
taxing ; to ascertain and fix ; to rate.
AS-SESS'A-BLE, a. That may be assessed.
AS-SESS'MENT, n. The act of assessing ; a valua-
tion for the purpose of taxation ; a tax.
AS-SESS'OE, 71. One appointed to apportion taxes ;
an assistant.
AS-SES-SO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to assessors.
AS'SETS n. j>l. Property in possession or money
due as opposed to liabilities.
AS-SEVEE, i). t. To affirm or declare positively.
AS-SEV'EE-ATE, v. t. To affirm with solemnity ;
to aver.
AS-SEV .ER-A'TION, n. Positive affirmation; sol-
emn averment.
AS-'-'I-DU-T-TY, n. Constant or close application;
persevering attention ; continuous and untiring
diligence.
AS-SID'0-OUS (-sid'yu-us), a. Diligent ; constant
in application. SYN. Unwearied; sedulous; per-
severing; indefatigable. [tentively.
AS-SlD'C-OUS-LY, aa. Diligently ; closely ; at-
AS-SIGN' (-sine') v. t. To appoint ; to transfer or
make over to another ; to specify ; to designate ;
to fix ; to allege.
AS-SIGN' (-sine'), n. A person to whom property
or an interest is transferred, specified, or assigned.
AS-SIGN'A-BLE (-sin'a-bl), a. That may be trans-
ferred.
AS'SIG-NAT, n. A species of paper money used in
France during the revolution.
AS-SIG-NA'TION, n. An appointment to meet,
t-i.cc chiefly of love-meetings
AS-SIGN'EE (as-sm'er), \n. One who makes a
AS-SIGN-OE' (as-se-nur'),.) transfer to another.
AS-SIGN'MENT (-sme'ment), 71. Act of assigning ;
the writing by which an interest is transferred ;
in bankruptcy, the transfer of property to assign-
ees for the benefit of creditors.
AS-SIM'I-LATE, v t. To convert into a like suu-
stance or nature ; to make similar or cause to re-
semble ; v. i. to become similar; to be converted
into the substance of the body.
AS-SIM-I-LATION, n. The act of making similar,
or of converting into a like substance.
AS-SIM'I-LA-T1VE, a. Having power of convert-
ing to a likeness, or like substance.
AS-S1ST', v. t. To help ; to succour ; to relieve ; to
aid.
AS-SlST'ANCE, n. A contribution of aid or sup-
port. SYN. Help; succour; relief; furtherance.
AS-SIST'ANT, n. One who assists ; a. helping.
AS-SIZE', n. Literally, a sitting ; an order or regu-
lation, particularly about the weight of br
Also, generally in the plural, assizes, the regular
session of the higher courts in the several coun-
ties.
AS-SlZE', v. t. To fix measures or rates by author-
ity ; to settle.
AS-SIZ'ER, n. One who assizes, or fixes v
rates, &c., by authority.
AS-SO-CIA-BIL'I-TY, \n. The quality of being
AS- SO'CIA-BLE-NESS, j capable of association.
AS-SO'CI A-BLE, a. That may be joined ; that may
be affected by sympathy ; companionable.
AS-SO'CIATE (as-so'shate), v. t. To join in com-
pany ; to adopt (as a friend) on terms of e ^
v. i. to unite action or companionship.
AS-SO'CIATE, a. Joined in interest or purpose;
confederate.
AS-SO'CL. TE, n. A companion; partner; par-
taker.
AS-SO-CI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. The act of as-
sociating ; union ; confederacy ; company of per-
sons united for a particular purpose ; connection,
as of ideas, so that one suggests another.
AS-SO-CI-A'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to an associa-
tion.
AS-SO'CIA-T!VE, o. Tending or per!
sociation.
AS'SO-NANCE, n. Eesemblance of sounds.
AS-SOET', v. t To range or distribute in da
to arrange ; to furnish with an assortment.
AS-SOET'ED, }>}>. or a. Separated into sort?.
AS-SOET'MENT, n. Distribution into sorts ; va-
riety ; a number of tilings assorted.
AS-SUAGE' (-swaje'), v. i. To soften; to bring
down o 1 ' reduce, as bodily or mental pain, or ex-
cited emotion. -SYN. To pacify; relieve; ap-
pease ;' soothe ; allay; mitigate; alleviate.
AS-SUAGE'MENT, 71. Abatement ; : .
AS-SUAG'EE, n. He or that which ;.
assuages.
AS-SUA'SIVE (-swa'sive), a. Mitigating; soften-
ing ; easincr.
AS'SUE-TCDE (as'swe-tude), n. Custom ; habitual
use.
AS-SUME', v. t. To take on one's self; to become
liable for, as for debts; to take for granted, as
certain truths; to seize unjustly; to ari
v. i. to be arrogant ; to claim unduly.
AS-StTM'EE, n. An assuming or arrogant p
AS-StJM'ING, o. Haughty; arrogant; n. pro-
sumption, arrogance.
AS-StTMP'SIT, 7i. [L.] In law, a promise, or an
action on a promise.
AS-St'MP'TION, n. The taking upon one'
arrogance ; taking for granted ; the thi/,
posed ; a Eoman Catholic festival in honour of tie
alleged ascent of the Virgin Mary to heaven.
AS-SDMPTlVE, a. That is or may be assumed-
AS-SUB'ANCE, (ash-shoor'auce), n. Act of assur-
ing ; confidence ; feeling of certainty
ASS 30
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
want of modesty ; certain knowledge ; certainty ;
security against loss, particularly of life ; positive
declaration.
AS-SURE' (ash-shoor'), y. t. To make secure or
confident ; to tell positively ; to pledge indemnity
for loss, as of life. SYN. To assert; declare;
avouch ; protest.
AS-SUR'ED-LY, ad. Certainly ; without doubt.
AS-SUR'ED-NES3, n. State of being assured ; cer-
tainty.
AS-SUR'ER, n. One that assures.
ASTER, n. A genus of plants with radiated com-
pound flowers.
AS'TEE-ISK, 71. The mark (*) in printing.
A-STERN', ad. In or toward the hinder part of a
ship ; behind a ship ; backward.
ASTER-OID, n. A name given to the small plan-
ets revolving between Mars and Jupiter.
AS-TER-OID'AL, a. Resembling or pertaining to
the asteroids.
AS-THION'K), a. Characterized by debility.
ASTH'MA (ast'uia), n. A disorder of respiration,
commonly attended with cough and difficulty of
breathing.
ASTH-MATTe, a. Troubled with asthma ; pertain-
ing to asthma.
AS-TON'ISH, v. I. To impress with sudden surprise,
wonder, or passion ; to amaze ; to confound.
AS-TON'ISHi'D f-toii'isht), pp. or a. Amazed;
dumb with surprise or admiration.
AS-TOX'ISH-ING, a. Very wonderful. [nor.
AS-T<">N 'ISH-ING-LY. ad. In an astonishing man-
AS-T(3N'ISH-MENT, n. Strong emotion created by
a sudden and an extraordinary event. SYN.
Amnzement; wonder ; surprize ; admiration.
AS-TOUND', v. t. To strike dumb with surprise.
AS-TOUND'ING, a. Adapted to astound.
A-STRAD'DLE, ad. With legs across, or open.
AS'TRA-GAL, n. A little round moulding which
surrounds the top or bottom of a column or a can-
non.
ASTRAL, a. Belonging to the stn.rs ; starry.
ASTRAL-LAMP, ; . -1 lamp having the
oil in a flattened ring surmounted by a hemi-
sphere of ground glass. [wrong.
A-STRAY' ad. Out of, or from the right way;
A-STR1DE', ad. Across ; with legs apart.
AS-TRlNGE', v.t. To draw together ; to brace;
to cause parts to come together ; to bind.
AS-TRlN(i'EN"-CY, n. The power of contracting.
AS-TRlNG'ENT, a. Binding ; contracting ; brac-
ing ; opposed to 7
AS-TRlNG'ENT, n. A medicine which, usedinter-
_ nally, contracts and strengthens.
AS'TRO-LABE, n. An instrument formerly vjrecl
for taking the altitude of t-he sun or stars at sea.
AS-TROL'O-GER, n. One who pretends to foretell
events by the aspects of the stars.
Al'-TRO^I'-Alj Pertaining to astrology.
AS-TROL'O-GY, n. The science of predicting events
by the aspects or situation of the stars.
AS-TRON'O-MER, n. One versed in astronomy.
AS-TRO-NttBri-AL, a. Belonging to astronomy.
AS-TRO-NOM'I-6-AL-LY, ad. In the manner of
astronomy.
AS-TRON'O-MY, n. The science that treats of the
heavenly bodies.
AS-TOTE', a. Noting a mixture of penetration
and cunning. SYN. S:\rewd; discerning; eagle-
eyed ; sagacious.
AS-TCTE'XESS, n. Shrewdness ; cunning.
A-SON'DER, ad. Apart ; separately ; into two
parts.
A-St'LUM, n. Anciently, a sanctuary or refuge
for criminals ; an institution for the benefit of the
destitute or unfortunate, as an orphan ar,
AS'YMP-TOTE, n. [Gr.] A line which continually
approaches a curve, but never meets it.
A-SYN'DE-TON, n. [Gr.] In rhetoric, a figure which
omits the connective, as veni, vidi, vici, (I cams,
saw, conquered).
ATT
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TJ&RM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
AT, prep. Denoting nearness or presence ; in ; by ;
near by ; toward ; in the state of; with.
AT'A-BAL, n. A kettle-drum ; a tabour.
AT'A-GHAN, n. A long Turkish dagger.
ATE, pret. of EAT.
ATH-A-NA'8IAN, a. Pertaining to Athanasius,
bishop of Alexandria, or his doctrines.
A'THE-ISM, TO. A disbelief in the being of a God.
ATHE-IST, n. One who denies or disbelieves the
existence of a Supreme Being.
A-THE-1ST'K!, > a. Pertaining to atheism;
A-THE-lST'K!-AL, J denying a God ; impious.
A-THE-lST'I!-AL-LY, ad. In an atheistical man-
ner.
ATH-E-NE'UM, n. In ancient Athens, a place where
philosophers and poets declaimed and repeated
their compositions ; a public reading-room ; a place
of literary resort.
A-THE'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to Athens.
A-lHlRST' (17), a. Thirsty; having a keen de-
sire.
ATH-LETE', n. A contender for victory in wrest-
ling or other games.
ATH-LETTG, a. Strong of body ; robust ; belong-
ing to exercises of strength, as wrestling, &c.
A-THWART', ad. and prep. Across ; through.
A-T1LT, ad. Raised forward as if to thurst ; raised
as a cask tilted.
AT-LAN-TE'AN, a. Pertaining to or resembling
Atlas, who was represented as bearing the world
on his shoulders.
AT-LANTES (-lan'tez), n. pi. Figures of men in-
stead ri'c'.lur.ms to support an entablature.
AT-LANTIC, . The Atlantic Ocean; a. pertaining
to that oce:m.
AT-LANTI-DES, n. pi. A name given to the
pleiades or seven
AT'LAS, 71. A collection of maps ; a large folio for
plates ; a large kind of drawing-paper ; a sort of
rich silk ; the uppermost of the vertebrae.
AT'MOS-PHERE, 71. The mass of aeriform fluid
surrounding the earth ; an atmosphere as a me-
dium of pressure is fifteen pounds to a square
inch; figuratively, pervading influences.
AT-MOS-PHER'I-e, ) a. Relating to the at-
AT-MOS-PHER'pe-AL,f mosphere.
AT'OLL, n. A coral island with a central lagoon.
AT'OM, n. A minute or indivisible particle of mat-
ter ; any thing extremely small.
A-TOM?-AL, } a " Bating to atoms.
AT'OM-I*M, 7i, The doctrine of atoms.
AT'OM-IST, 7i. One who holds to the atomical
philosophy.
A-TONE', v. i. To expiate by sacrifices ; to make
satisfaction by some equivalent.
A-TONE'MENT, n. Satisfaction by an equivalent ;
reparation.
A-TON'ER, 71. One who makes an atonement.
A-TON'I, a. Debilitated ; wanting tone.
A- TOP', ad. At or on the top ; above.
<* ljlack '
AT-RO'CIOUS (a-tro'shus), a. Extremely heinous ;
very wicked. SYN. Flagitious; flagrant. Flagi-
tious points to an act as grossly wicked or vile ;
flagrant (literally, flaming) marks the vivid impres-
sion made upon us by some great crime; atrocious
represents it as springing from a violent and cruel
spirit. If Lord Chatham, instead of saying, " The
atrocious crime of being a young man," had said
flagrant, his irony would have lost all its point, in
his celebrated reply to Sir Robert Walpole.
A-TRO'CIOUS-LY, ad. Outrageously; enormously.
A-TRO'CIOUS-NESS, "^ n. Extreme heinousness ;
A-TROC'I-TY, 3 enormity, as of guilt.
AT'RO-PHY, n. A wasting of the flesh from im-
perfect nutrition.
AT-TACH', v. t. To take or seize by legnl proeesr? ;
to seize or bind by interest, affection, &c.; to
unite; to connect with. SYS. To fasten; ofllx;
gain over ; win.
ATT SI
i>5vE, -WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BULL ; vl"cu -us. s as K ; G as J ; 8 as z ; CH is SH ; IHIS.
AT-TACH'A-BLE, a. Tliat may be legally taken by
attachment.
AT-TA-CHE' (at-ta-sha'), n. [Fr.] One attached to
the suite of an ambassador.
AT-TACH'MENT, n. The act of attaching ; thing
attached ; warm affection ; a legal process for tak-
ing a person or goods ; a writ for this purpose.
AT-TACK', v. t. To fall upon with violence ; to
assail ; assault; invade. SYN. To attack is to
commence the contest; to assail (literally, spring
at) is to attack suddenly; to assault \literally,
leap upon) is to attack violently; to inva.de is to
enter by force on what belongs to another.
AT-TACK', n. A falling upon with force or vio-
lence ; an assailing with satire, criticism, &c.
SYN. Assault; onset; inroad; charge.
AT-TAIX', v. i. To come to, or reach by efforts ;
v.t. to gain; to compass; to reach or gain by
successive efforts. SYN. Obtain ; acquire. To
obtain is generic, viz., to get possession of; to
AT-TEN-tT-A'TION, n. A making thin or slender.
AT-TEST', v. t. To bear or call to witness; to af-
firm ; to certify.
AT-TEST-A'TION, n. Testimony; official testi-
mony.
AT-TEST'ED, pp. or a. Proved or supported by
solemn or official testimony.
AT-TEST'OR, n. One who attests.
AT'TK', a. Pertaining to Attica, in Greece ; hav-
ing a quality such as prevailed at Athens ; deli-
cate ; pure ; classical. Attic wit, Attic salt, a poig-
nant, delicate wit.
AT'TI-f!
'
ATTI-CI8M, n. Peculiar style or idiom of the
Greek language used by the Athenians; elegant
Greek.
AT-TIRE', v. t. To dress ; to habit ; to array 5 to
deck.
AT-TlRE', n. Clothes ; apparel; ornamental dress ;
attain, is to arrive at or reach something aimed at _ horns of a buck.
and < |/i us obtained, as knowledge, or one's object; to AT'TI-TUDE, n. A position of the body. SYN.
acquire is to make one's own by progressive ad- Posture. An attitude, like a gesture, is suited, and
vances, as property or a language. usually designed to express, some mental state,
AT-TAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be attained. as an attitude of wonder, &c. ; a posture is either
AT-TAIN'A-BLE-NESS, n. The being attainable. I not expressive, as a reclining posture, or is less
AT-TAIN'DER, n. The act of attainting in law. dignified and artistic.
AT-TAIN'MENT, ti. The act of attaining or reach- ; AT-TOR'NEY (-tur'ny), n. ; pi. AT-TOR'NEYS. One
for trial
who prepares cases for trial in court ; one duly
authorized to act for another ; power of attorney,
a letter or document by which a person authorizes
another to act in his stead.
AT-TUR'NEY-SHIP (at-tur'ny-sMp), n. The office
of an attorney.
AT-TRA-CT', v. t. To draw to, or cause to approach ;
to draw to, or cause to adhere or combine. SYIT.
To allure ; to invite ; to engage ; to entice.
AT-TRA-G'T-A-BIL I-TY, n. Quality of being at-
tractable.
ing ; a thing attained.
AT-TAINT', r. t. Literally, to stain or corrupt ;
hence to adjudge guilty of a crime, by which one's
blood is corrupted, so that his children are ren-
dered base.
AT-TAINT', n. A stain : spot ; reproach ; hurt. I
AT-TAINT'MEXT, n. The being attainted.
AT-TEM-PEB, v. t. To reduce or qualify by mix-
ture : to soften ; to fit ; to regulate.
AT-TEMPT', n. A trial; an effort to gain some
point ; endeavour ; exertion. SYN. Trial is 'the
generic term ; attempt is specific, being directed AT-TRA-eT'A-BLE, a. That may be attracted.
to some definite object ; an endeavour is a con- j AT-TRA-eT'lLE, a. That can attract.
tinned or repeated attempt ; an effort or
is a straining of the faculties, the latter being the
stronger term.
i PT', v. t. Literally, to strain after ; hence
to make efforts for doing or obtaining ; to attack ; I
to try by experiment.
A.T-TEND', v. t. To go with or accompany ; to be I
present or be united to ; to be present for some' j
duty, implying some charge or oversight ; to be ;
present at for business ; to await.
AT-TEND', v. i. To give heed ; to regard with at-
AT-TRA'T'IXG, ppr. Drawing; alluring; a. en-
to allure.
AT-TR ' .'. od. In an attracting manner.
AT-TRA'TION (-trak'shun), n. The power in
bodies which draws or keeps them together ; the
./ is that which extends to sen-
sible distances, such as the tendency of the plan-
ets to the svin. The attraction of cohesion is that
tendency which is manifested between particles
of matter at insensible distances ; act or power of
drawing to or attracting generally ; allurement.
tention ; to fix the attention upon, as an object of AT-TRA-GT'tVE, a. Having the quality of attract-
pursuit. SYN. To listen; hearken. We attend, in-; drawing by moral influences. SYN. Alluring;
with a view to hear or learn ; we listen with
view to hear correctly or to consider. If.
to hear with interest, and with reference to obey-
in or.
AT-Tfi ND'ANCE, n. The act of waiting on or serv-
ing ; a waiting on or being present ; the persons
attending : duty ; a train ; attention ; re -
AT-TEXD'ANT, a. Accompanying.
AT-TEXD'AXT, T?. One that attends, or waits on,
or is present ; that which accompanies.
AT-TENT', a. Attentive ; n. attention.
AT-TENTION, n. Act of attending; act of civility.
SYN. Care ; heed ; consideration ; respect ; re-
I : notice.
AT-TENT'lVE, a. Full of attention. SYN. Heed-
ful; intent; reirardful; mindful; civil; polite.
AT-TENT'iVE-LY, ad. Carefully; heediully ; AT-TRI-Btf'TION, n.
diligently ; closely. ascribed.
AT-TENT'IVE-NESS, n. The state of being at- AT-TR lB'0-TlVE, a.
tentive ; attention ; carefulness.
AT-TEN'G-AXT, a. Making less viscid, or more
slender ; thinning.
AT-TEN'C-AXT, n. That which makes less viscid,
or thins.
X'C-ATE, v. t. To thin ; to make less
to lessen ; to diminish ; to make slender.
AT-TEN'0-ATE, a. Made slender; thin; or less
viscid.
entici-
AT-TRAT'iVE-LY, ad. With the power of at-
tract
AT-TRAt'TTVE-NESS, n. The quality of being
attractive or eu'_;
AT-TRA-G'T'OE, n. One who attracts; one who
ATTRA-HENT, n. That which attracts.
AT-TR IB' C-TA-BLE, a. That may be ascribed or
attributed.
AT-TRiB'OTE, r. f. To consider as belonging to ;
to ascribe to, as an effect to a cause. SYN. To im-
pute; refer ; ch:
AT'TRI-BCTE, n. A thing that may be attributed ;
inherent quality; characteristic disposition ; prop-
ertj r .
C-TRI-]
The act of ascribing ; qiial-
Relating to an attribute;
that attributes.
AT-TRtB'0-TlVE, n. A word denoting quality.
AT-TRlTE', a. Worn by rubbing or friction.
AT-TRF'TION (at-trtsh'un) , n. The act of rabbin- ;
state of being worn by friction ; abrasion ; sorrow
for sin arising from dread of punishment.
AT-TCXE', v.t. To piit in tune; to make musio-
al ; to make accordant.
AU'BURN, a. Brown ; of a tan or dark colour.
AUC
32
AUT
1, fi, <fcc. <ong. 1, fi, &c., s/ion. CARE, FAR, LAST,
AUCTION, n. A public sale of property to the
highest bidder.
AU'TION-A-RY, a. Belonging to an auction.
AU-G-TION-EER', n. The manager of an auction.
AU-TION-EER', v. t. To sell by auction.
AU-DA'CIOUS, a. Daring ; contemning restraint.
AU-DA'CIOUS-LY, ad. Boldly ; impudently.
t"U-DA'CIOUS-NESS, ") n. Daring resolution,
U-DAC'I-TY(-das'i-ty)J usually in a bad
sense; bold effrontery. SYN. Hardihood; bold-
ness; impudence. Hardihood and boldness may
be used either in a good or bad sense, the former
indicating a disregard of consequences, the latter
more of spirit and enterprise. Effrontery is stron-
ger than impudence, and audacity than either,
when tised in a bad sense.
AUD'I-BLE, a, That may be heard.
AUD'I-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being audible.
AUDT-BLY, ad. In a manner to be heard.
AUD'I-ENCE, n. The act of hearing ; admittance
to a hearing ; an auditory or an assembly of hear-
ers, [authority.
AUD'IT, n. An examination of accounts under
AUD'IT, v. t. To examine and adjust accounts by
persons nuthorized.
AUDTT-OR, n. A hearer ; a person authorized to
examine, and adjust accounts.
AUD'lT-OR-SIirP, T. The office of auditor.
AUD'IT-O-RY, n. An assembly of hearers.
AUDTT-O-RY, a. Able to hear ; pertaining to the
sense ot hearing.
AUD'IT-RESS, n. A female hearer.
AU-GE'AN, a. Belonging to Augeas or his table;
hence, filthy ; dirty ; disagreeable.
AUG ER, n. A carpenter's boring tooL
AUGHT (aut), n. Any thing.
AUG-MENT', v. t. To increase ; to make or become
large ; v. i. to increase ; to grow larger, as a stream
augments by rain .
AUGMENT, n. An increase; a prefix or increase
of vowel quantity.
AUG-MENT-A'TION, n. The act or state of in-
creasing ; enlargement ; increase.
AUG-MENT'A-TlVE, a. Having the quality of
augmenting.
AU'GUR, n. Among the Romans, one whose office
it was to foretell events by omens, such as those
derived from birds, prodigies, &c.
AU'GUR, v. i. or t. To judge by augury ; to prog-
nosticate ; to foretell.
AU'GU-RAL, o. Pertaining to augurs or augury.
AU-GU-RA'TION, n. The act or practice of au-
gury or foretelling events.
AU-GC 'RI-AIi, a. Of or relating to augury.
AU'GU-RY, n. Originally, divination by the flight,
&c., of birds ; prognostication by signs of any kind ;
an omen.
AU'GUST, n. The eighth month of the year, named
from Augustus Caesar.
AU-GCST', a. Inspiring reverence or awe. SYN.
Grand ; imposing ; majestic ; solemn ; awful.
AU-GUST'AN, a. Pertaining to Augustus.
AU-Gl'ST'INS, > 71. pf. An order of monks,
AU-GUST-iN'I-AN3, j so called from St. Augus-
" tin.
AU-GCST'NESS, n. Dignity ; majesty ; grandeur.
AU'LIf. ', o. Pertaining to a royal court.
AUNT (ant), n. A father's or mother's sister.
AU'RA, n.; pi. Au'RvE. A gentle current of air;
a stream of fine particles flowing from a body.
AU'RA -TED, a. Resembling gold.
AU-RE'LI-A, n. The nymph or chrysalis of an in-
" sect, in its second stage of transformation.
AU-RE'0-LA, n. [L.] A circle of rays representing
glory, placed round the head of saints, &c., in
paintings.
AU'RI-LE (au're-kl), n. The external ear ; a part
" of the heart.
AU-Rl'C-LA, n. A beautiful species of primrose ;
bear's-enr.
AU-Ri'U-LAR, a. Of or spoken in the ear ; pvi-
v ate j traditional.
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TKRM ; MARINE, BIRD ; itovz,
AU-Rl!'C-LATE, a. Shaped like an ear.
AU-Rl-G'C-LA-TED, o. Having appendages lile
ears.
AU-RlF'ER-OUS, a. Containing or producing gold.
AU'RI-FORM, a. Ear-shaped.
AU'RIST, n. One skilled in disorders of the ear.
AU-RO'RA, 7i. The dawning light; the morning;
' a species of crowfoot.
AU-RO'RA BO-RE-A'LIS, n. The northern lights.
AU-RO'RAL, a. Belonging to the aurora ; resem-
bling the twilight.
AUS-UL-TA'TION, n. The act of listening; es-
pecially to the action of the lungs through the
stethoscope. [show.
AUS'PI- ATE, v. t. To render auspicious ; to ibre-
AUS'PlCE, n. ") Omens ; patronage ; protec-
AUS'PI-CES, 7i. pi. S tion.
AUS-PI"CTOUS (aus-p\'sh'us), a. Having omens of
success or of happy results. SYN. Prosperous ;
favourable ; lucky; propitious.
AUS-Pi"CIOUS-LY (-pish'us-ly), ad. With favour-
able tokens ; prosperously ; happily.
AUS-TERE', a. Harsh to the taste ; harsh and for-
bidding in manner or life. SYN. Severe; rigia;
harsh; rough; stern.
AUS-TERE'LY, ad. Severely; rigidly; sternly.
AUS-TERE'NESS, 7 n. Severity of manners or liv-
AUS-TER'I-TY, ) ing; strictness; roughness.
AUS'TR AL, a. Of or tending to the south ; south-
ern ; being in the south.
AUS-TRAL-A'SIA, n. Countries lying south-east
of Asia, including New Holland, New Zealand, &c.
AUS-TRA'LI-A, n. The continent of New Holland.
AU-THEN'TI, a. Of approved authority ; to be
" relied on. SIN. True; certain; faithful; credi-
ble ; reliable ; genuine. A distinction is now
made between authentic and genuine, the former
being opposed to .false, and the latter to spurious,
as an authentic history, a genuine manuscript.
AU-THEN'TI-AL-LY, ad. With marks of credi-
" bility.
AU-THEN'TIG-AL-NE^S, ) n. Quality of being au-
AU-THEN-TICT-TY, j thentic; reliability;
genuineness.
AU-THEN'TK!-ATE, v. t. To establish by proof;
to render authentic ; to establish as genuine.
AU-THEN-TI-A'TION, n. The act of authenti-
cating ; confirmation.
AU'THOR, n. One who makes, causes, or creates ;
' a beginner or first mover ; a writer or composer
of an original book.
AU'THOR-ESS, n. A female author or writer.
AU-THOR'I-TA-TlVE, a. Having authority ; po^i-
AU-THOR'I-TA-TlVE-LY, ad. With authority;
positively.
AU-THOR'I-TY, n. Legal or rightful power ; power
derived from office, character, connections, &c. ;
weight of testimony, precedent, &e. ; government,
or the body exercising power, the last chiefly it:
the plural. SYN. Force; rule; sway; command;
dominion ; control ; infliience ; warrant.
AU-THOR-I-ZA'TIOIJ, n. Establishment by au
" thority.
AU'THOR-IZE. v. t. To give authority for; to
' -justify ; to empower ; to sanction.
AU'THOR-SHIP, n. The state of being an author.
AU-TO-BI-OG'RA-PHEE. n. One who writes a ILe
" of himself.
AU-TO-Bi'-O-GRAPH'I!-AL, a. Pertaining to, or
" containing autobiography.
AU-TO-BI-OG'RA-PHY, 71. A memoir cr biography
of a person written by himself.
AU-T(j'RA-CY, n. Supreme independent power ;
self-rule.
AUTO-GHAT, 7i. An absolute sovereign.
AU-TO-eRAT'I, \ a. Absolute; independent
AU-TO-RAT'I-AL, $ hi power.
AU'IO-DA-FE' (aw'to-da-fa'), n. [Port.] In the
Roman Catholic Church the punishment of here-
tics by burning ; also the seutence of the Ir.qu.'si-
tion thou read.
AUT 33
D&VE, WQLP, BO<?F ; RULE, BULL ; Vf"CIOU
AUTO-GEAPH, n. A person's ovm handwriting
an original manuscript.
AU-TO-GEAPH'I, n. Consisting of, or pertainin
to one's own handwriting.
AU-TOG'EA-PHY, n. A person's own writing;
process in lithography for transferring writing.
AU-TO-MATI-G, a. Belonging to an automaton
self-moving ; acting involuntarily.
ATJ-TOM'A-TON, n. ; pi. AUTOMATA, or AUTOMATON
A machine moved by interior machinery whicl
Imitates the actions of men or animals ; any self
moving machine.
AU'TOP-SY, n. Ocular demonstration.
AU'TUMN (au'tum), n. The third season of the
year; fall.
AU-TCMOSTAL, a. Of or belonging to autumn.
AUX-ES'IS, n. In rhetoric, a figure by which a
thing is magnified.
AUX-II/IAE (awg-zil'yar), a. Helping; assisting
n. a helper.
AUX-lL'IA-EIES (awg-zil'ya-riz), n. pi. Foreign
troops in the service of nations at war.
AUX-IL'IA-EY, n. A helper; a verb helping to
form the moods and tenses of other verbs.
A-VAIL', v. t. or i. To profit ; to assist ; to promote
A-VAIL', n. Advantage; profit; use; effect.
A-VAIL-A-BlL'I-TY, > n. The power of promot
A-VAIL'A-BLE-NESS, j ing the end in view.
A-VAIL'A-BLE, a. Profitable; able to effect the
object ; having sufficient power.
A-VAIL'A-BLY, ad. With success or effect.
A-VAILS', n. pi. Proceeds of property sold.
AV-A-LANCHE', } n. A snow-slip; vast body
A-VA-LAN&E', J snow, ice, or earth sliding
down a mountain.
A-VANT-GUAED, n. The van of an army.
AV'A-ElCE, n. Excessive love of money or gain
SYN. Cupidity; greediness; covetousness.
AV-A-El"CIOUS (-rish'us), a. Greedy after wealth
or gain. SYN. Covetous; parsimonious; penu-
rious ; miserly ; niggardly. The covetous eagerly
desire wealth, even at the expense of others ; the
avaricious hoard it ; the penurious, parsimonious,
and miserly save it by disgraceful self-denial ; and
the niggardly, by meanness in their dealings with
others.
AV-A-EFCIOUS-LY, ad. Covetously ; greedily.
AV-A-EP'CIOUS-NESS, n. Undue love of money.
A-VAST', er. Cease; hold; stop.
AV-A-TAE', or A-VA'TAE, n. An incarnation of
the deity among the Hindoos.
A-VAUNT', ex. Get away; begone.
A-VE-MA'EY, n. A Popish prayer to the Virgin Mary
beginning Are, Maria.
AV-E-NA'CEOUS, a. Eclating to oats.
A-V ENGE*. v. t. To take or give satisfaction for an
injury, by punishing the injuring party. SYN.
Eevenge. It may be right to avenge injuries, but
never to indulge revenge, which is a spirit of ma-
licious resentment.
A-VKXG'EE, n. One who takes vengeance.
A-VENGTNG, ppr. or a. Punishing or pursxiing
with exemplary severity; n. exemplary punish-
ment.
AV'E-NUE, n. An entrance; alley; way; a wide
street or road.
A.-VEE' (13), v. t. To declare positively ; to assert
_ with confidence. SYN. To affirm ; protest.
AV'EE-AGE, n. A mean proportion ; a medium ;
a proportional share of a general loss ; a small
duty payable to shipmasters on goods.
AV'EE-AGE, v. t. To reduce to"a mean to pro-
portion -, v. i. to be or form a medial sum or quan-
tity.
A-VEETMTENT (13), n. Positive affirmation ; offer
to justify ; establishment by evidence.
A-VEESE' (13), a. Literally, turned away ; having
a fixed dislike followedby to. SYN. Disinclined ;
backward ; reluctant ; hostile. Averse is stronger
than disinclined and backum-yd, but not so strong as
' -Tnt (struggling aeuinst).
A-VEESE'LY o Unwillingly; backwardly.
AWE
< 8 is K ; 6 as J ; B as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
A-VEESE'NESS, n. Unwillingness ; backwardness.
A-VEE'SION (13), n. Literally, a turning from
hence, a fixed dislike. SYN. Disgust; reluctance;
repugnance ; antipathy. Aversion is not so strong
as reluctance ( lit., struggling against) ; nor reluc-
tance as repugnance (lit., fighting against). Disgust
is a repugnance of feeling or taste ; antipathy is
properly a constitutional disgust, though some-
times an acquired one.
A-VEET' (13), v. t. To turn aside or away; to
keep off.
A-VEET'EE, 7i. One who turns away.
A'VI-A-EY, n. A place for keeping birds.
A-VlD'I-TY, n. An intense desire ; eagerness to
obtain. SYN. Greediness; hankering; longing
AV-O-GA'TION, n. A calling away ; business that
calls off [often improperly used for vocation].
A-VOID', v. t. or i. To keep at a distance from ;
in law, to make void. SYN. To shun. Avoid is
negative ; it is simply to keep away from. Shun
is positive; it is to turn from. Prudence may
induce us to avoid ; fear or dislike leads us to
shun. We avoid bad habits: we ought to shun
vice.
A-VOID'A-BLE, a. That may be avoided.
A-VOID'ANCE, n. The act of avoiding.
A-VOID'EE, n. One who avoids ; one who shuns.
A-VOID'LESS, a. That can not be avoided.
AV-OIE-DU-POIS' (av-ur-du-poiz'), n. or a. A
weight for ordinary commodities, in which a
pound contains 16 oz., or 7000 Troy grains.
A-VOUCH', v. t. To declare positively. SYN. To
vouch ; to affirm ; to assert.
A-VOUCH'EE, n. One who avouches or affirms.
A-VOUCH'HENT, n. Act of avouching; declara-
tion.
A- VOW', v. t. To declare openly ; to justify ; to own ;
to acknowledge.
A-VOW'A-BLE, a. That is capable of being justified
or openly acknowledged.
A.-VOWAL, n. An open or frank declaration.
A-VOWJEiy (-vowd'), a. Openly declared.
A-VOW'ED-LY, ad. In an avowed manner ; open-
ly; with frank acknowledgment.
A-VOW-EE', n. See ADVOWEE.
A-VOW'EE, n. One who avows.
A-VOW'EY, n. In law, the act of a distrainer of
goods, who avows and justifies the taking in his
own right.
A-VUL'SION (-vtil'shun), n. A pulling one from
another ; a tearing away.
A -WAIT', v. t. To wait for ; to be in store for.
A- WAKE', a. Not sleeping ; lively ; heedful.
A- WAKE', v. t. ; [pp. AWAKED.] To rouse from
sleep ; to excite from a state resembling sleep, as
from death, stupidity, or inaction ; to put into ac-
tion or new life.
A -WAKE', v. i. To cease to sleep; to revive or
rouse from a state of inaction ; to be invigorated
with new life.
.-WAK'EN-ING, 7i. Arousing from sleep, or from
heedlessness in spiritual concerns ; a. tending to
awaken.
-WAED', v. t. To adjudge ; to assign by sentence ;
v. i'. to determine ; to make an award.
-WAED', 71. A sentence ; a determination ; the
decision of arbitrators ; judgment.
-WAED'EE, n. One who assigns or judges.
l-WAEE', (4), a. Foreseeing; apprized before.
I- WAY', ad. Absent; at a distance, ex. begone;
let us go; can not au-ay with, can not bear; to
mate away with, to kill or destroy.
WE, 7i. Fear mingled with reverence. SYN.
Dread; veneration. Dread is strong personal
fear; reverence is lik-h respect slightly mingled
with fear ; in aire, the fear predominates. Ven-
eration is the highest reverence we can pay to hu-
man beings.
__WE, v. t. To strike with awe or fear.
.-WEIGH' (-wa'), ad. In sea phrase, the anchor is
aweigh when just drawn from its hold and hang-
ing perpendicularly ; atrip. 3
AWE
I, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST
AWE'-STEUCK, a. Impressed with awe.
AWFUL, a. Striking awe ; full of awe ; terrible ;
hateful.
AW'FUL-LY, ad. In an awful manner; solemnly.
AWFUL-NESS, n. The quality of striking with
awe or reverence ; solemnity.
A- WHILE', ad. For some space of time ; a short
time.
AWK'WAED, a. Wanting in dexterity; ungrace-
ful in manners; unfortunate, as an awkward ac-
cident. SYN. Clumsy ; uncouth. One who is
clumsy (from clump) is heavy, and, of covirse, un-
graceful in every thing ; one who is awkward
wants grace of movement one who is uncouth
(untaught) is so for want of training.
AWK'WAED-LY, ad. Clumsily ; ungracefully.
AWK'WAED-NESS, n. Clumsiness ; ungraceful-
AAV I/, n. A small instrument to pierce holes.
AWN, n. The beard of corn or grass.
AWN'ING, n. A covering from the sun.
AWN'LESS, o. Without awn or beard.
A- WOKE', fret, of AWAKE.
A- WRY' (a-ry')> o. or ad. Twisted to one side; un-
evenly ; uneven ; aside ; asquint.
AXE, n. An iron tool for cutting and hewing.
AX'I-AL, a. Pertaining to an axis.
AX'I-AL-LY, ad. In the line of the axis.
AX-IF'ER-OUS, a. Having simply an axis without
leaves or appendages.
AX'I-FOEM, a. Having the shape of an axis.
AX'IL-LA-EY, o. Belonging to the armpit ; or to
the angle formed between the branch and stem.
AX'I-OM, n. A self-evident proposition or truth.
STX. Maxim ; aphorism ; adage. Axioms are
the foundations of science ; maxims are guiding-
principles in our practical concerns. An aphorism
is a detached sentence expressing a weighty senti-
ment ; an adage is a saying of long-established au-
thority.
AX-I-O-MAT'IG, o. Pertaining to an axiom; of
the nature of an axiom.
AX'IS, n. ; pi. Ax'fis. The line on which any thing
revolves ; a central or medial line between corres-
ponding parts.
AX'LE (ak'sl), \n. A shaft on which carriage
AX'LE-TEEE, j wheels turn.
AX'O-LOTL, n. A Mexican water lizard.
AY or AYE, ad. Yes, used to affirm or assent.
AYE, ad. Always ; ever ; again ; once more.
AZ'I-MUTH. n. The arch of the horizon between
the meridian of a place and any given vertical
line. Magnetic azimuth, the azimuth from the
magnetic meridian.
AZ'I-MUTH-AL, a. Pertaining to the azimuth.
A-ZO'I-e, a. Destitute of life.
A-ZOTE', 7i. The same as nitrogen gas.
A-ZOTIG, a. Pertaining to or consisting of azote.
AZ'UEE (azh'ur or a'zhur), a. Blue or light blue;
sky-coloured.
AZ'UEE, n. A fine light-blue colour ; the sky.
AZ'UEED (Szh'urd), a. Being of an azure colour,
AZTT-MOUS, o. Unleavened.
B.
Bthe second letter and the first consonant in the
) English alphabet. It is a mute and a labial.
It has a slight vocality which marks the difference
between it and the letter P, to which it is allied.
BAA (ba), v. i. To cry like a sheep.
BA'AL, n. The name of an idol or god among the
ancient Chaldeans and Syrians.
BAB'BLE, v. i. To utter words imperfectly ; to
talk idly j to tell secrets.
BAB'BLING, \ n. Idle talk ; senseless prattle.
BAB'BLE-MENT, >
BAB'BLEE. n. An idle or great talker ; a tell-tale.
BAB'BLING, a. Talking idly ; uttering a succes-
sion of indistinct sounds.
4 BAG
FALL, WHAT; THERE, TERM; MARINE, BiRD; MOYI,
BABE, n. An infant of either sex.
BA'BEL, n. [Heb.] Confusion ; disorder.
BAB'EE-Y, n. Finery to please or amuse a child.
BAB-OON', n. A large species of monkey.
BA'BY, n. A child ; infant ; girl's doll ; little iia
BA'BY, a. Like a baby ; diminutive.
BA'BY, v.t. To treat like a baby.
BA'BY-HOOD, n. The state of being a baby.
BA'BY-HOUSE, n. A place for children's dolls.
BA'BY-ISH, a. Like a baby ; childish ; silly.
BAB-Y-LO'NI-AN,") a. Pertaining to Babylon;
BAB-Y-LO'NISH, ^ mixed; confused; disorder-
BAB-Y-L6N'I, ) ly.
BA-G-GA-LAU'EE-ATE, n. The degree of bachelor
of arts.
BA-G'-GA-TED, a. Having berries ; beset with pearls.
BA-G'-GHA-NAL, ) a. EeveUing in intempe-
BA!--GHA-NA'LI-AN,> ranee ; noisy ; pertaining
to revelry.
BA-G'-GHA-NAL, \n. One who indulges in
BA-G-GHA-NA'LI-AN, j drunken revels.
BA-G'-GHA-NALS, ) n. pi. Feasts of drunkenness
BA-G-HA-NA'LI-A,f and revels.
BA'-GHANT, > n. ; pi. BA-e-GHAN'TEffl. Priests
BA'-GHANTE, j of Bacchus ; revellers.
BA'HI-G, a. Eelating to Bacchus; jovial;
drunken.
BA-G'-GHUS, n. The god of wine.
BA-CIF'EE-OUS (bak-sif-), a. Producing berries.
BA-C1V'O-EOUS, a. Subsisting on berries.
BACH'E-LOE, n. A man who has not been married ;
one who takes his first degree in any profession ;
a low knight.
BACH'E-LOE-SHIP, n. The state of a bachelor.
BACK, n. The side of a thing opposite to the front
or edge ; the dorsal part of an animal ; the hinder
part; rear; thick part.
BACK, ad. Backward ; to or toward a former place,
state, or time ; behind ; again.
BACK, v. t. To mount ; to support ; to put back ;
v. i. to move or go back, as a horse.
BACK'BITE, v. t. [pret. BACKBIT ; pp. BACKBITTEN.]
To slander or speak evil of an absent person.
BACK'BIT-EE, n. One who slanders secretly.
BACK'BIT-ING, n. Eeproach cast on one absent.
BACK'BONE, n. The bone in the back.
BACK'EE, n. One who backs or supports another
in an undertaking.
BACK-GAM'MON, n. A game played by two per-
sons with dice and pieces or men, on a board suit-
ably marked.
B l!K'GEOUND, n. Ground in the rear ; obscurity.
BACK'HAND-ED, a. With the hand turned back ;
unfair; indirect.
BACK'HOUSE, 71. A building behind a house ; a
B^CE^ING, 7i. The supporting of another ; the
breaking of a colt to the saddle; constructing the
back of books in book-binding.
BACK'EOOM, n. A room behind another.
BACK'SHEESH, n. A word of Persian origin foi
present or gratuity, much used in the East.
BACK'SIDE, n. The hinder part of any thing.
BACK-SLIDE', v. i. [pret. BACKSLID ; pp. BACK-
SLI IJDBS.] To fall off ; to depart from ; to aposta-
BACK-SLID'ER, n. One who falls off or goes back
from virtue and religion ; an apostate.
BACK-SLID'ING, n. A falling back, off, or away
from religion into sin ; apostatizing.
BACK'STAIES, 7i. pi. Stairs in the back of a house ;
figuratively, an indirect way.
BACK'STAYS, 11. pi. Eopes for supporting a ship 3
BAc a K'SWOED, 7i. A sword with one edge.
BACK'WAED, a. Unwilling; dull; slow; slug-
gish late ; reluctant.
BACK'WAED, ad. With the back in advance ; to-
ward the back ; to a worse state ; toward the past ;
perversely ; in a retrograde manner.
BACK'WAED-LY, ad. Unwillingly; slowly.
BAG
35
BAL
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BFLL ; VICIOUS. 6 as K ; 6 as J ; 8 OS Z ; CH OS SH ; SHIS.
BlCETWARD-NESS, n. A want of willingness
sluggishness ; dulness in action ; tardiness.
BACK-WOODS'MAN, n. In the United States, a
inhabitant of the forests on the western frontier
BA'-eON (ba'kn), n. Hog's flesh cured with salt an
dried usually in smoke; to save one's bacon, t
save one's self from harm.
BA-60'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to Bacon or his ph.
losophy.
BAD, a. ; com. WORSE, sup. >/ORST. Ill; not good
wicked; lutrtfid; imperfect; having any phys:
cal or moral fault or defect.
BADE (bad), pret. of BID.
BADGE, n. A mark or token of distinction.
BADfi'EE, n. A quadruped which burrows in th
ground, and is eagerly pursued by huntsmen.
BADG'ER, v. t. To pursue witli eagerness ; t
worry.
BAVIN-AGE (bad'in-azh), n. [Fr.] Light or plaj
ful discourse ; raillery ; foolery.
BAD'LY, ad. In a bad manner ; not well.
BAD'NESS, n. A bad state ; want of good qualities
BAF'FLE, v. t. To elude or defeat by artifice ; t
make ineffectual. SYN'. To balk; frustrate; dis
appoint ; confound.
BAFFLER, n. One who baffles.
BAF'FLING, a. Shifting often ; disappointing.
BAG, n. A sack ; pouch ; purse ; udder.
BAG, v. t. To put into a bag ; to puff up.
BAG, v. i. To swell like a full bag.
BAG-A-TELLE' (bag-a-tel'), n. [Fr.] A thing of n
importance; a trifle; a game played with a bal
and rod on a board with holes.
BAG'GAGE, n. Utensils of an army; clothing o:
luggage carried on a journey or voyage ; a worth
less woman.
BAG'GING, n. Cloth or materials for bags.
BAGN'IO (ban'yo), n. A bathing house; a brothel
BAG'PlPE, n. A musical wind instrument, consist
ing of a bag with pipes.
BAGTlP-ER, n. One who plays on a bagpipe.
BAIL (bale), n. A surety for another ; release fron
custody on giving security for appearance on trial
handle of a kettle.
BAIL, y. t. To give bail or security for ; to admil
to bail ; to release upon bail ; to deliver goods in
charge ; to free from water.
BAIL'A-BLE, o. That may be bailed; admitting
bail.
BAIL'BOND, n. A bond or obligation given by a
prisoner and his surety.
BAIL-EE', n. One to whom goods are delivered in
trust.
BAIL'ER, \ n. One who delivers goods in trust to
BAIL/OR,) another.
BAIL'IE, n. A Scotch alderman or magistrate.
BAIL'IFF, n. An subordinate officer appointed by
the sheriff to execute process ; an under-steward
of a manor.
BAIL'I-WICK, n. The jurisdiction of a bailiff.
BA IL'MENT, n. A delivery of goods in trust.
BAlL'PIECE, n. A paper containing a recogni-
tion of bail.
BAIRN, n. [Scot.] A child.
BAIT, v. t. To place or put on a bait ; to give re-
freshment to a beast working or on a journey ; to
set dogs upon ; to harass.
BAIT, v. i. To take refreshment on a journey ; to
flutter.
BAIT, n. A temptation ; food, or any thing placed
as a lure to entice fish or other animals ; a small
fish ; refreshment.
BAIZE (baze), n. A coarse open woollen stuff with a
long nap.
BAKE, v. t. To heat or harden by fire ; to cook
food in a close place by heat ; to dry and harden
by heat ; v. i, to be baked ; to do the work of
baking.
BAKED (bakt), pp. or a. Hardened by heat.
BAKE'HOUSE, n. A place for baking.
BAE/ER, 71. A person that bakes for a livelihood ;
one who bakes.
BAK'ER-Y, n. Trade of a baker ; place for baking
BAK'ING, n. The quantity baked at once ; a dry.
ing or hardening by heat.
BAL'ANCE, n. A pair of scales for weighing ; part
of a watch ; the constellation Libra ; difference
of accounts ; equipoise, or that which makes
equal ; remainder.
BAL'ANCE, v. i. To be on a poise ; to hesitate.
BAL'ANCE, v. t. To make equal; to settle; to
counterpoise.
BAL'ANC-ER, n. One who uses a balance or bal-
ances ; member of an insect used in balancing.
BAL'ANCE-SHEET, n. A paper exhibiting a sum-
mary and balance of accounts.
BAL'-CO-NY, n. A gallery on the outside of a house.
BALD, a. Without hair on the top and back part
of the head ; destitute of the natural covering ;
bare ; plain ; inelegant.
BAL'DA-GHIN, n. A canopy over an altar.
BAL'DER-DASH, n. Mean discourse; ribaldry
rude jargon of words.
BALD'LY, ad. Nakedly ; meanly ; inelegantly.
BALD'NESS, n. A want of hair ; plainness ; inele-
gance.
BALD'PATE, n. A head without hair.
BALD'RICK, n. A girdle ; the zodiac.
BALE, n. A large bundle or roll of goods ; misery j
calamity.
BALE, v. t. To put into bales.
BALE'FIRE, n. A signal or alarm-fire.
BALE'FUL, a. Sorrowful; sad; full of mischief.
BALE'FIJL-LY, ad. Calamitously ; sorrowfully.
BALE'FLJL-NESS, n. Destructiveness.
BA-LIS'TER, n. A cross-bow.
BA-LlZE' (-leez'), n. A beacon ; a buoy.
BALK (bank), n. A rafter; beam; disappointment
or failure ; a ridge of unploughed land.
BALK (bauk), v. t. To disappoint; to miss of; to
refuse ; to heap, as in ridges. [balk.
BALK, v. i. To frustrate expectation ; to make a
BALL, n. Any round thing ; a globe ; a public
dance ; a dancing party.
BAL'LAD, n. A short narrative song; a trifling
song or light poem. [lads.
BAL'LAD-SING-ER, . A person who sings bal-
BAL'LAST, n. Weight placed in the hold to steady
a ship ; in ballast, without cargo ; also, materials
filling the spaces between the rails on a rail-way.
BAL'LAST, v. t. To load or furnish with ballast ;
to keep steady in sailing.
BAL'LET, n. A theatrical dance ; a representation
by means of gestures, music, and dancing ; a kind
of dramatic poem.
3AL-LlS'TA, 11. An engine used by the ancients
for throwing stones, darts, &c., in war.
BAL-LIS TI-6, a. Pertaining to the ballista.
BAL-LlS'TK! P-fiND'O-LUM, n. An instrument
for measuring the force and velocity of projec-
tiles.
BAL-LOON', n. A spherical hollow body ; a ball ;
a large hollow silken ball filled with gas so as to
ascend into the atmosphere.
AL-LOON'IST, n. One who makes or ascends in
a balloon.
BAL'LOT, n. Originally, a little ball used in voting ;
a ticket or written vote ; the act of voting by balls
or tickets.
BAL'LOT, v. i. To choose or vote by ballot.
jJAL'LOT-BOX, n. A box for receiving ballots.
JAL'LOT-ING, n. The act of voting by ballot.
3ALM (bam), n. An odoriferous sap; fragrant
ointment ; that which heals ; a plant.
JALM (bam), v. t. To anoint with balm ; to soothe.
LiLM'Y (bam'y), o. Of or like balin; aromatic;
producing balm ; sweet ; fragrant ; soft.
:AL'NE-AL, a. Pertaining to a bath.
JAL'SAM (bawl'sam), n. An aromatic substance
that exudes from trees or plants ; that which
gives ease.
AL-SAM'I (bal-sam'ik),) a. Having the qualities
AL-SAMTG-AL, j of balsam; healing;
mitigating; unctuous; soft.
BAL
36
BAB
1, 1, &c., long. 1, B, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THBRE, TEEM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
BANK'-BILL. \n. A note or bill payable by a
BANK'-NOTE,j bank. SYN. In America, these
BAL-SAM'I, n. A healing, softening medicine.
BAL-SAM-lF'ER-OUS, a. Producing balsam.
BAL'SA-MINE, i. A genus of plants; touch-me-
not.
BALTKJ, n. A sea between Sweden and Jutland.
BAL'US-TER, n. A rail ; a small pillar or column.
BAL'US-TRADE, n. A row or set of little pillars.
BAM-BOO', n. A large kind of reed in India.
BAM-BOO'ZLE, v. t. To trick [a low word'].
BAN, n. A public notice ; curse ; censure ; inter-
dict; also ths title of the lord lieutenant in
Hungary.
BAN, v. t. and . To curse ; to execrate.
BA-NA'NA, n. A spe'cies of the plantain ree and
its fruit.
BAND, n. Any ligament or cord that surrounds
or fastens things together ; a bandage ; a low
broad architectural moulding ; figuratively, any
means of connection or restraint ; a company of
persons ; a kind of neckcloth.
BAND, v. t. To tie or join together ; to unite in a
troop or confederacy.
BAND, v. i. To unite ; to associate.
BAND'A&E, n. A fillet or strip of cloth or other
material with which a wound or limb is bound ;
any thing bound over another ; a fillet.
BAN-DAN'A, \n. A species of silk or cotton
BAN-DAN'NA,) handkerchief.
BAND'BOX, 71. A slight or thin kind of box for
bonnets, &c.
BANDIT, n.; pi. BAND'ITS or BAND!T / TL An out-
law ; robber ; a highwayman.
HANDLE, n. An Irish measure two fact long.
BAND'LET, ) n. A little band or flat moulding
-LET, j
BAND'E
B AN'DOG
around a column.
A kind of large d
B AN'DOG, 7i. A kind of large dog.
BAN-DO-LEER', n. A leathern belt worn over the
shoulder by ancient musketeers to sustain the
cartridge-box ; the cartridare-box.
BANDORE, 7i. A kind of lute.
HAND'ROL, 7i. A little flag or streamer.
BANDY, n. A club for striking a ball.
BANDY, v. t. To beat or toss about or to and fro ;
to debate ; to exchange.
BANDY-LEGGED (-legd), a. Having legs that
crook outward.
BANE, n. Deadly poison ; mischief; ruin.
BANE'FUL, o. Hurtful ; poisonous ; ruinous.
BANE'FUL-LY, ad. Perniciously.
BANETLJL-NESS, n. A destructive nature or
quality"; perniciousness.
BANG, i). t To beat ; to thump ; to treat roughly.
BANG, v. i. To make a loud noise.
BANG, 71. A heavy blow ; a loud noise.
BAN'IAN (ban'yan, ") n. One belonging to the caste
BAN' Y AN, ) of merchants or agents in
Hiudostan ; a loose gown worn by such persons ;
a tree in the East Indies.
BAN'IAN-DAYS (ban'yan-daze), n. pi. Days when
seamen have no flesh served out.
BAN'ISH, v. t. To drive or force away from a place
or country. SYN. To exile ; to expel. A man is
"banished when forced to depart ; exiled when sent
from his own into a foreign country; expelled
when forcibly ejected, usually with disgrace.
B AN'ISH-ER, 7i. One who banishes or drives away.
BAN'ISH-MENT, ,. An expulsion from one's own
country by authority; exile; a voluntary aban-
donment of one's country.
BAN'IS-TER, n. A corruption of BALUSTER, which
gee.
BANK (66), n. A ridge of earth ; the earthy mar-
gin of a stream or other water ; any steep earthy
acclivity ; a shoal ; bench of rowers ; an institu-
tion for receiving deposits, discounting notes,
and issuing bills ; a banking company, or their
edifice.
BANK, v. t. To raise a mound ; to inclose with a
bank.
BANK, v. i. To deposit money in a bank.
BANK'A-BLE, a. That may be discounted or re-
ceived by a bank, as notes or bills.
words are confcmnded. In Britain, a bduk-nott
is payable on demand, and forms part of the cur-
rency ; a bank-bill is payable at some future speci-
fied time, and is negotiable paper.
BANK'-BOOK, 7i. A book in which a person's bank
accounts are entered.
BANK'ER (66), n. One who deals in money or dis-
counts notes ; one who keeps a bank.
BANK'ING, o. Pertaining to a bank.
BANKING, n. The business of a banker.
BANK'RUPT, 7i. A trader who fails to make pay-
ment when due, stops business, or does any act
to defraud creditors ; an insolvent debtor.
BANK'RUPT, a. Unable to pay ; insolvent.
BANK'RUPT, v. t. To render unable to pay debts.
BANK'RUPT-CY, n. The state of being a bank-
rupt or insolvent ; inability to pay debts.
BANK'RUPT-LAW, n. A law which discharges a
bankrupt from the payment of his debts.
BANK'-STOCK, n. Shares in a banking establish-
ment.
BAN'NER, 7i. A flag ; military standard ; streamer.
BAN'NERED, a. Furnished with banners.
BAN'NER-ET, n. A feudal rank between knight
and baron earned by military valour.
BAN'NER-OL. See BANDROL.
BAN'NOCK, n. A round cake of meal, as barley, &c.
BANN*. See BANS.
BAN'QUET (biiiik'wet;, n. A sumptuous feast ; an
entertainment.
BAN'QUET, (66), v. t. To treat with feasts; v. i.
to feast sumptuously.
BAN'QUET-ER, n. A feaster ; a maker of feasts.
BAN'QUET-ING, n. A feast; rich entertainment j
o. used for banquets.
BAN-QUETTE' (ban-kef), n. [Fr.] A raised way
behind a parapet from which musketeers fire ; a
raised footway along the side of a bridge.
BANS, 7i. pi. Bans of matrimony, notice of intention
of marriage.
BAN'SHEE, n. An imaginary being among the
Irish that warns of danger. See BENSHIE.
BANTAM, n. A species of small fowls with feath-
ered shanks.
BANTER, v. t. To run upon ; to rally. SYN. We
banter in good humour, turning the laugh on a
person for something he has done ; we rally when
we attack with ridicule or raillery, which is always
more pungent, and may be ill-natured.
BAN'TER, n. Raillery; satire; joke; pleasantry.
BAN'TER-ER, n. One who banters.
BANTLING, n. A very young child; an infant.
BANYAN, 7i. The Indian fig tree.
BAPTISM, n. The application of water to the
body; a holy ordinance, significant of regeneration,
by which a person is initiated into Christ's visible
Church ; sufferings.
BAP-TISTMLAL, a. Pertaining to baptism.
BAPTIST, 71. One who baptizes ; one who re-
jects the doctrine of infant baptism and considers
immersion as the only mode of administering this
rite ; anabaptist.
BAP'TIST-ER-Y, n. A place for baptism ; a font.
BAP-TlS'TI-e-AL, a. Pertaining to baptism.
BAP-TIZE', v. t. To administer the sacrament of
baptism to.
BAP-TIZED', a. Having received baptism.
BAP-TlZ'ER, 7i. One that administers baptism.
BAR, n. A long piece of any substance ; bolt ; stop ;
cross-beam for security ; an obstruction ; inclosure
in an inn or court-room ; division in music ; bank
of earth or sand in a river or harbour ; body of
lawyers; an exception in pleading.
BAR, v. t. To fasten with a bar ; to secure ; to bin-
der , to shut out ; obstruct.
BARB, 7i. Beard; a sort of pubescence in plants;
the points tha,t stand backward in an arrow, spear,
or fishing-hook ; a Barbary horse.
BARB, v. t. To furnish with barbs, as an arrow ;
to put armour on a horse.
BAR
37
BAR
D6VE, WQLF, BQOK ; B,tLE, BTTLL } Vl"CIOr8
BAR'BA-GAN, n. An outward fortification.
BAR-BA'RI-AN, n. A man uncivilized or brutal.
BAR-BA'RI-AN, o. Savage; cruel; wild; uncivil
ized.
BAR-BARTG, o. Foreign ; outlandish ; rude.
BAR'BA-RISM, n. Savageness ; want of cultiire
a foreign or uncouth term not established in ;
language. SYN. A solecism is a violation of syntax
or of the necessary laws of thought.
BAR-BARTTY, n. A savage state ; cruelty ; inhu
inanity ; impurity of language.
BAR'BAR-IZE, v. t. To make or render barbarous
V. i. to commit a barbarism.
BAR'BAR-OUS, a. In a condition of barbarism
cruel ; rude j uncivilized ; having a foreign or im
pure idiom.
BAR'BAR-OUS-LT, ai. Cruelly ; inhumanly.
BAR'BAR-OUS-NESS, n. Cruelty ; barbarism.
if R'BA-TE'D, } a - Bearded J sapmg ; ringent.
BAR'BE-GtJE, n. An animal roasted whole ; hence
a large social entertainment in the open air.
BAR'BE-etJE, v. t. To dress and roast whole ; as a
hog or other animal.
BARBED (barbd), a. Jagged with hooks or points
bearded; furnished with armour.
BARB'EL, n. The name of a large, coarse fish :
fleshy knots in a horse's mouth. [hair
BARB'ER, n. One that shaves beards or dresses
BAR'BER-RY, n. A prickly shrub and its berry.
BAR-BI--CAN, n. A watch-tower or place of outer
defence ; an opening to fire through.
BARD, n. An ancient British poet ; a wandering
minstrel ; a poet ; the trappings of a horse.
BARD'ED, a. In heraldry,' caparisoned.
BARDTG, a . Pertaining to bards.
BARD'LING, n. An inferior bard, or poet.
BARE (4), a. "Without covering; without clothing
or adjuncts of any kind. SYN. Naked ; uncover-
ed ; plain ; simple ; poor ; lean ; mere.
BARE, v. t. To make bare or naked; to strip.
BARE'BONE, n. A very lean person.
BARE'FAC.ED (bare'faste), a. With the face un-
covered ; undisguised; shameless; impudent.
BARE'FACED-LY, ad. Shamefully; impudently;
openly.
BARE'FACED-NESS, n. Impudence ; boldness ;
effrontery.
BARE'FOOT, a. Without shoes or stockings.
BARE'HE AD-ED, a. With the head uncovered.
BARE'LY, ad. Merely ; only ; nakedly ; openly.
BARE'NESS, n. Nakedness; leanness ; poverty.
BAR'GAIN (ba^gin), n. An agreement concerning
a sale or exchange ; a gainful trade ; a stipulation.
SYN. Contract; engagement: covenant.
BAR'GAIN, v. t. To sell or convey by a contract j
v. i. to agree ; to stipulate.
BAR-GAIN-EE', n. One who accepts a bargain or
is to receive the thing sold.
BAR'GAIN-ER, n. One who proposes a bargain or
agrees to sell.
BARGE, n. A row-boat for lading or pleasure.
BA-RlL'LA, n. An impure carbonate of soda ob-
tained from burnt sea-weed.
BAR'I-TONE, n. A male voice partaking of the
common bass and tenor ; one who sings in such a
voice.
BAR'I-TONE, a. Noting the baritone or high bass.
BA'RI-UM, n. The metallic basis of baryta.
BARK, n. The rind of a tree; the threatening cry
of a dog.
BARK, v. i. To make a noise like a dog; to clam-
our; to pursue with unreasonable clamour or
reproach; v. t. to strip off bark, skin, &c.
BARK, ")n. A ship with three masts, without a
BARQUE, ) mizen topsail ; a small ship.
BARK'-BOUND, a. Having the bark too firm and
close.
BARK'ER, H. One that strips off bark ; a clam-
purer.
BARKTNG, n. A stripping off bark ; clamour of a
dog.
. e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
BARK'Y, a. Consisting of bark ; like bark.
BAR'LEY, 7i. A species of grain used chiefly for
making malt.
BAR'LEY-C'ORN, n. A grain of barley; the third
part of an inch in length.
BAR'LEY-WA-TER, n. A decoction of barley.
BARM, 7i. Yeast; scum of malt liquor.
BARM% a. Containing or like barm ; frothy.
BARN, 7i. A building for storing corn, hay : also
for stabling, &c.
BAR'NA-LE, 71. A shell-fish often found on the
bottom of ships, submerged rocks, and timber ; a
species of goose.
BAR'NA--CLES (bar'na-klz), n. pi. Irons for hold-
ing horses by the nose ; spectacles.
BA-ROM'E-TER, n. An instrument to show the
weight or pressure of the atmosphere.
BAR-O-MET'RI-G-AL, a. Relating to a barometer.
BAR'ON, 7i. In law, a husband.
BAR'ON, n. A title of nobility between baronet
and viscount ; a lord ; a peer; two sirloins.
BAR'ON-AGE, n. The dignity or estate of a baron ;
whole body of barons.
BAR'ON-ESS, TI. A baron's wife.
BAR'ON-ET, TI. A title of honour between knight
and baron ; the lowest hereditary rank.
BAR'O-NET-AGE, n. The collective body of bar-
onets.
BAR'O-NET-CY, n. The rank or title of baronet.
BA-RO'NI-AL, a. Belonaring to a barony or baron.
BAR'O-NY, n. The territory of a baron.
BA-ROUCHE' (ba-roosh'), n. A four-wheel carriage
with falling top and seats as in a coach.
BARQUE, 7i. See BARK.
BAR'RACK, 7i. A building to lodge soldiers ; a rude
hut or shed.
BAR'RA-eOON, n. In Africa, a fort.
BAE'RA-TOR, n. One who excites lawsuits ; the
master of a ship who commits fraud.
BAR'RA-TROUS, a. Guilty of barratry.
BAR'RA-TRY, n. In law, foul practice; any fraud of
a shipmaster.
BARRED (bard), pp. Fastened with a bar; hin-
dered ; excluded ; striped.
BAR'REL, n. A cask containing about thirty gal-
lons, more or less ; the quantity which a barrel
contains ; a tube ; a cylinder. [meat.
BAR'REL, v. t. To put in a barrel ; to pack as
BAR'RELLED (bSr'reld), pp. or a. Put or packed in
a barrel; having a barrel or tube.
BAR'REN, a. Not producing after its kind ; not
prolific in any way. SYN. Unfruitful; sterile;
scanty ; unproductive ; dull ; uninventive.
BAR'REN, 71. An unfertile tract of land.
BAR'REN-LY, ad. Unfraitfully ; unprofitably ; dull.
BAR'REN-NESS, n. State of being barren; un-
fruitfulness ; want of matter ; want of invention.
BAR-RI--GADE', n. A defensive fortification made
in haste ; an obstruction ; bar ; impediment ;
hinderance ; defence.
BAR-RI-GADE', v. t. To fortify by a barricade ; to
stop up, as a passage ; to secure.
3AR-RI-eA'DO. See BARRICADE.
3AR'RI-ER, n. Something that bars out or prevents
approach or attack ; a boundary ; limit ; defence.
BAR'RING-OUT, n. Exclusion of a person from
a place, a boyish sport in English schools.
BAR'RIS-TER, n. One who practises at the bar ; a
lawyer.
BAR'ROW (Mr'ro), n. A hand carriage j a gelt
swine ; a hillock raised over the dead.
SAR'SHOT, n. Two balls joined by a bar.
SAR'TER, v. t. To exchange by way of trafiic.
BAR'TER, v. i. To trade by exchanging commodi-
ties.
BARTER, n. Traffic by exchange. SYN. Inter-
change; trade.
JAR'TER-ER, TI. One who trades by exchange.
BAR-THOL'O-MEW-TIDE, n. Time of the Festival
of St. Bartholomew, August 24th.
AR-TI-ZAN', TI. A projecting turret on the top of
a castle, <fcc.
BAR 38
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
BA-RY'TA, 7i. The heaviest of earths ; it is an
oxide of barium.
BA-RYTES, 71. Sulphate of baryta.
BA-RYT'I-6, a. Pertaining to barytes.
BAR'Y-TONE, a. Denoting the barytone.
BAR'Y-TONE, n. In Greek Grammar, a word in
which the grave accent is tinderstood on the last
syllable, though not expressed. In other senses,
the word is more usually spelt BARITONE, which
see.
BA-RYTUM, n. A metal, the basis of baryta. See
BARIUM.
BA'SAL, a. Pertaining to or constituting the base.
BA-SALT' (ba-zawlf), n. A dark or greyish-black
stone of igneous origin, often in a columnar form.
BA-SALTI-t/, a. Pertaining to basalt.
BAS-BLEU' (ba-blu'), n. [Fr.] A blue stocking ;
a learned pedantic woman.
BASE, 71. The bottom; tho part on which any-
thing stands; the gravest part in music. In
chemistry, c. body which undergoes a chemical
change by the action of another body. SYN.
Foundation ; support ; resting-place.
BASE, a. Low in value, rank, spirit, sound, &c.
SYN. Mean ; vile. Base is a stronger term than
vile, and vile than mean. The first two denote
what is wicked as well as low, the last what is
disgraceful or dishonourable.
BASE, v. t. To found; to set or lay the base of;
to embase.
BASE'-BORN, a. Born out of wedlock ; low born.
BASE'LESS, a. Without support ; chimerical.
BASE'LY, ad. Meanly; dishonourably; vilely.
BASETMLENT, n. An extended base; part of a
building below the level of the street.
BASE'NESS, 71. State of being base. SYN. Mean-
ness ; vileness ; bastardy.
BAS'E-NET, 7i. A helmet.
BASE'-VI-OL, n. A stringed instrument for play-
ing the bass in music.
B A-SHAW', 7i. The head ; a Turkish viceroy or
high dignitary; same as PACHA' or PASHA w'.
BASH'FUL, a. Wanting confidence; Modest to
excess. SYN. Modest ; diffident ; Modesty arises
from a low estimate of ourselves ; l)ashfulness is
an abashment or agitation of the spirits at coming
into contact with others ; diffideiice is undue self-
distrust.
BASH'FUL-LY, ad. Timorously ; very modestly.
BASH'FUL-NESS, n. Extreme modesty ; diffidence.
BA'SI-6, a. Relating to a base ; applied to a salt
in which the base is in excess.
BA'SI-FY, v. t. To convert into a salifiable base.
BAS'IL (ba'zil), n. The sloping of a chisel's edge ;
the skin of a sheep tanned; an aromatic plant
used for seasoning.
BAS'IL (baz'il), v. t. To grind a tool to an edge.
BA-SlL'I-G (-zil'ik), a. Belonging to the middle vein
of the arm ; being in the manner of a public
edifice.
BA-SlL'I-CA, 7i. A hall or court of justice ; a large
church ; a vein of the arm.
BA-SlL'I-ON, 7i. A kind of salve or ointment.
BAS'I-LISK (baz'-), n. A fabulous serpent having
a deadly power in the eye ; a term now applied to
a genus of lizards ; a piece of ordnance.
BA'SIN (ba'sn), n. A small vessel or dish; any de-
pression or concavity for water ; the portion of
a country drained by some river ; a depression
formed by geological strata dipping inward, as a
coal basin ; pond ; bay ; dock.
BA'SIS, 7i. ; pi. BA'SES. Foundation ; support.
BA'SIST, 71. A singer of bass.
BASK (6), v. i. To lie exposed to genial warmth ;
to lie at ease under benign influences.
BASK'ET, n. A vessel woven of twigs, rushes, or
other pliant material ; contents of a basket.
BASK'ET-HILT, n. A hilt which covers the hand.
BASS, n. In music, the lowest part of the tune.
BASS, TV. A fish; a species of tree; matting or a
mat.
BAS'SET. 7i. A game at cards.
BAT
FALL, WHAT ; TH&RE, TERM J MARINE, BlRD J MOVE,
BAS-SOON', n. A wind instrument of music fur-
nished with a reed.
BAS-SO-RE-LIE'VO, [It.]) n. Sculpture whose
BASS-RE-LIEF', | figures do not stand
put far from the background.
BASS'-VI-OL, \n. A musical instrument for play-
BASE'-VI-OL, j" ing the gravest part.
BASTARD, n. A spurious or illegitimate child or
thing.
BAS'TARD, a. Illegitimate ; spurious.
BASTARD-IZE, v. t. To determine one a bastard.
BASTARD-Y, n. The state of being a bastard ;
illegitimacy.
BASTE, v. t. To beat; to sew slightly; to drip
butter or fat upon meat while roasting.
BAS'TlLE (bas'teel), 71. An old castle in Paris,
used as a prison, now demolished.
BAS-TI-NADE', v. t. To beat the feet ; to cudgel.
BAS-TI-NADE',) n. Beating ; a cudgelling ; a Turk-
BAS-TI-NA'DO,f ish punishment by beating the
soles of the feet.
BASTING, n. A beating ; a moistening with fat.
BASTION (bast'yuu), n. A large projecting mass
of earth or masonry at the angles of a fortified
work to defend the curtain or wall between.
BAT, 7i. A stick used at cricket ; an animal of the
order cheiroptera ; a thin sheet of cotton.
BATCH, n. The quantity of bread baked at one
time ; any quantity of a thing made at once.
BATE, v.t. or i. To take less ; to abate ; to sink ; to
cut off. [We now use abate.]
BA-TEAU' (bat-to'), n. A long light boat, broad
in the middle.
BAT'-FOWL-ING, n. Catching birds at night by
torch-light.
BATH, 7i. A place to bathe in ; immersion in a
bath ; a Hebrew measure ; order of the Bath, an
order of knighthood.
BATH'-BRlCK, n. A brick formed of calcareous
earth for cleaning knives.
BATH-CHAIR, n. A chair on two low wheels iu
which invalids are drawn by hand, invented in
Bath.
BATHE, v. t. To wash in water; to soak; to
soften.
BATHE, v. i. To be immersed as in a bath; to
lave one's body.
BATHE, 71. The act of bathing.
BAIH'ER, n. One that immerses himself in water.
BATH'ING, 7i. The act of using a bath ; fomenting.
BATH'ING-T0B, . A vessel for bathing.
BATHOS, n. A ludicrous descent from the elevated
to the mean, in writing or in speech.
BATING, Tpr- Abating ; excepting.
BAT'LET, n. An instrument to beat linen with.
BA-TON' (orbat'on), \ n. A club ; a marshal's staff;
J
BAT-OON',
a badge of honour.
BA-TRA'HI-A, ~)n.; pi. "Animals of the frog
BA-TRA'HI-ANS, j and toad kind.
BA-TRA'dHI-AN, a. Pertaining to batrachians.
BAT-TAL'IA (bat-tal'ya), n. The order of battle;
the main body of an army in array.
BAT-TAL'ION (tal'yun), n. A body of foot soldiers,
from 500 to 800 men.
BATTEN (bat'tn), v. t. To fatten; to feed plen-
teously ; to fasten with battens.
BATTEN, v. i. To grow fat; to live in ease and
luxtiry.
BAT'TEN (bat'tn), n. A narrow piece of board or
scantling.
BATTER, v. t. To beat with successive blows ; to
bruise or demoli sh by beating ; to wear or impair.
BATTER, 7i. A semi-fluid mixture of flour, water,
eggs, &c., in cookery.
BATTER-ING-RAM, n. An ancient engine for
beating down walls.
BATTER-Y, n. Act of battering or beating ; guns,
&c., protected by a parapet or a line of ordnance ;
a combination of electric jars, or of galvanic plates,
for accumulating electric or galvanic power ; an
unlawful personal attack.
BATTING, n. Cotton or wool in sheets.
BAT
39
BEA
DOVE, "WOLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BULL ; Vf'CIOUS
BATTLE, n. An encounter between contending
armies or parties. SYN. Combat ; fight ; engage-
ment. Combat is a close encounter, and may be
(lite figlit) between single individuals ; a battle is
more general and prolonged ; engagement supposes
large numbers on each side engaged or inter-
mingled in the conflict.
BATTLE, v. i. To contend in fight ; to dispute.
BATTLE-AR-RAY', n. Order of battle.
BlT'TLE-AXE, n. An ancient military weapon.
BAT'TLE-DOOR, n. An instrument to strike the
shuttle-cock.
BAT'TLE-MENT, n. A wall or parapet on the top
of a building with openings or embrasures.
BATZ, 71. A small coin current in Germany and
Switzerland, scarcely worth a farthing.
BAW-BEE', n. A half-penny.
BAWBEE } n ' A S ew aw ? trifle 5 triflin S tllin S-
BAWD, 71. One who procures lewd women or keeps
a brothel.
BAWD, v. i. To act the bawd ; to procure.
BAWD'I-LY, ad. Obscenely ; lewdly ; offensively.
BAWDT-NESS, n. Ribaldry ; obscenity ; lewdness .
BAWD'RY, 7i. The employment of a bawd; un-
chaste language.
BAWDY, a. Unchaste; filthy; foul; obscene.
BAWD'Y-HOUSE, n. A house of prostitution.
BAWL, v. i. To speak very loud ; to cry aloud ;
v. t. to proclaim by outcry.
BAWL'ING, a. Crying or calling aloud.
BAWL'ING, 7i. A great noise ; loud crying.
BAY (ba), v. i. To bark as a dog ; v. t. to bark at ;
to hem in ; to surround.
BAY (ba), a. Reddish ; inclining to chestnut colour.
BAY (ba), n. A laurel-tree; pi. an honorary gar-
land.
BAY (ba), n. A recess or arm of the sea; an in-
closure in a barn ; a state of being kept off, as at
bay ; land covered with the bay -tree.
BAY'-BER-RY, n. A shrub with oily berries ; the
fruit of the bay -tree.
BAY'-BER-RY TAL'LOW, n. A waxy substance
obtained from the bay -berry or wax-myrtle.
BAY'O-NET, n. A long dagger or sword fixed at the
end of a gun.
BAY'O-NET, v. t. To stab with the bayonet.
BAY'OU (by'oo), n. The outlet of a lake ; a channel.
BAY'RCM, n. A spirit obtained by distilling the
leaves of the bay -tree.
BAYS (baze), n. pi. An honorary crown or gar-
land ; a prize.
BAY'-SALT, 7i. Salt formed by solar evaporation
of sea water. [outward.
BAY-WlN'DOW, n. A curved window projecting
BA-ZAAR', "> n. An exchange, market-place, or
BA-ZAR', ) spacious hall for the sale of goods.
BDELL'IUM (dSl'yum), n. A gummy, resinous
juice from the East.
BE, a prefix, as in because, is the same word as by.
BE, y. i. and auxiliary. [pret. WAS; pp. BEEN.] To
exist or have a certain state or attribute ; to re-
main. SYN. To become. To be simply denotes
existence ; to become marks a transition from one
state to another ; as, it is cold, and is becoming
colder.
BEACH, 7i. A sandy shore ; strand.
BEACH, v. t. To strand, or force on a beach, as a
ship.
BEA'ON (beTcn), n. A signal by fire on an emi-
nence ; any object to give notice of danger ; a light
to direct seamen.
BEACON, v. t. To afford light as a beacon; to
light up.
BEA'-GON-AGE, n. Money paid for maintaining
beacons.
BEAD, n. A small perforated globule of glass or
other substance, used for ornament or to make
rosaries ; any globule ; a round moulding.
BEAD'ED, a. Having or wearing beads.
BEA'DLE (be'dl), n. A crier; messenger; petty
officer of a court, parish, college, or church.
. as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
BE A'DLE-SHIP, n. The office of a beadle.
BEAiyROLL, n. Among Bomon Catholics, a list of
persons who are prayed for.
BEADS'MAN, n. A man who prays for others,
dropping a bead at each prayer.
BEA'GLE (be'gl), n. A small hound or hunting-dog.
BEAK, n. The bill of a bird of prey; any thinj
pointed like a beak.
BEAKED (beekt), a. Having a beak ; pointed.
BEAK'ER, n. A drinking-ctip or glass.
BEAM (beem),n. A main timber of a building,
ship, loom, plough, or other structure ; the part of
a balance from which the scales hang ; a collection
of rays from a luminous body ; pole of a chariot;
horn of a stag.
BEAM, u. i. or t. To throw out rays ; to glitter.
BEAM'LNG, n. Emission of rays of light ; radia-
tion.
BEAM'LESS, a. Without rays of light.
BEAJVl'Y, a. Shining ; radiant ; having horns.
BEAN, n. A plant of the vetch or pulse kind; a
seed of the plant.
BEAN'-FLY, n. A beautiful purple fly found on
bean flowers.
BEAR (bare), (4), v. t. [pret. BORE; pp. BORN.]
To bring forth, as young ; to give birth to.
BEAR, v. t. [pret. BORE; pp. BORNE.] To carry;
to endure ; to convey; to sustain; to wear; to
produce ; to conduct.
BEAR, v. i. To suffer, as with pain ; to produce,
as fruit ; to tend ; to be in the direction of ; to
press upon ; to relate to.
BEAR, n. A large savage animal of the genus ur-
sus the name of two northern constellations ; a
class of stock-jobbers interested in depressing
stocks, as the bulls are to raise them.
BEAR'-BAIT-ING, n. The harassing of bears with
do^s.
BEAR'-RER-RY, n. A plant, a species of arbutus.
BEARD (beerd), n. Hair on the chin ; the awn or
sharp prickles on ears of grain ; a jag or barb of
an arrow.
BEARD, v. t. To pull by the beard; to oppose to
the face ; to defy.
BEARD'ED, a. Having a beard ; jagged or barbed.
BEARD'LESS, a. Without a beard ; youthful.
BEAR'ER (bar'er) (4), n. A carrier of any thing ;
supporter.
BEAR'-GAR-DEN (-g a r-dn), n. A place where
bears are kept for sport ; hence a turbulent as-
semblv.
BEAR'-HERD, n. One who tends bears.
BEAR'ING, n. Relative position; relation or in-
fluence ; mode of carrying one's self; a support ;
an escutcheon. SYN. Distinction ; tendency ; ef-
fect ; deportment ; mien.
BEAR'ISH, a. Having the qualities of a bear.
BEAR'WARD, n. A keeper of bears.
BEAST, n. A name of the lower order of animals,
usually applied to the larger quadrupeds . SYX.
Brute. They are called beasts as mere animals
foverned by animal appetite, and brutes as desti-
ute of reason and moral feeling. Hence we say,
figuratively, a drunkard makes himself a beast,
and then treats his family like a brute.
BEAST'LI-NESS, 71. Brutality; nastiness ; filthi-
ness.
BEAST'LY, a. Like a beast ; brutish ; nasty ;
filthy; obscene.
BEAT (beet), v. t. [pret. BEAT; pp. BEAT, BEATEN.]
To strike with repeated blows ; to outdo ; to con-
quer ; to thrash ; to tread ; to hammer.
BEAT, v. i. To give strokes at intervals ; to throb ;
to dash, as a storm ; to be in agitation ; to sail in
zigzag courses so as to advance against the direc-
tion of the wind.
BEAT, n. A stroke; a recurring stroke or its
sound, as of the pulse, a drum, or watch ; a cus-
tomary round or place of resort.
BEAT, ") pp. or a. Struck ; hammered ;
BEAT'EN (be'tn) J outdone.
BEAT ER, n. One who beats or strikes.
BEA
40
BEE
1, S, Ac., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
BE-A-TlFTC, o. Imparting heavenly bliss.
BE-A-TlF'KJ-AL-LY, ad. In a happy manner.
BE-AT-I-FI-CA'TION, 71. In the Eo?na7i Catholic
Church, a papal act declaring a person blessed in
heaven ; next below canonization.
BE-AT'I-FY, v. t. To bless ; to make happy ; in
the Roman Catholic Church, to declare admitted to
heaven, though not canonized.
BEATING, n. The art of giving blows ; correc-
tion by blows ; a drubbing ; sailing against the
wind.
BE-lT'I-TUDE, 7i. Highest happiness; blessed-
ness ; glory ; declaration of happiness.
BEAU (bo), 7i. ; pi. BEAUX. A man of dress ; cox-
comb ; fop ; a lady's attendant ; a gallant.
BEAU I-DE'AL (bo-i-de'al), n. [Frj A model of
excellence in the mind or fancy.
BEAU'ISH (bo'ish), a. Gay; foppish; gallant.
BEAU-MONDE' (bo-mond'), n. [Fr.] The gay or
fashionable world.
BEAC'TE-OUS (bu'te-us), a. Very fair or hand-
some.
BEAU'TE-OUS-LT (bu'te-us-ly), ad. In a beaute-
ous manner.
BEA0'TE-OUS-NESS (bu'te-us-ness), n. The
quality of being beauteous; handsomeness;
beauty.
BEAU'TI-FI-ER, n. He who or that which makes
beautiful.
BEAC'TI-FITL, a. Possessing beauty. SYN. Hand-
some ; pretty. Pretty applies to things compara-
tively small, which please by their delicacy and
grace, as a pretty girl, flower, cottage. Handsome
is more striking and the pleasure greater, as a
handsome woman, tree, villa ; it implies suitable-
ness, and hence we speak of a handsome fortune
or offer. Beautiful implies all the higher qualities
which delight the taste and imagination.
BEAU'TI-FUL-LY, ad. In a beautiful manner ;
finely.
BEAU'TI-FUL-NESS, n. Elegance of form ; beauty.
BEAU'TI-FY, v. t. To make beautiful; to adorn;
to grace ; to deck.
BEAO'TI-FY-ING, n. The act or method of ren-
dering beautiful.
BEAO'TI-LESS, a. Destitute of beauty.
BEATJ'TY (bu'ty). n. Whatever in sensible objects
pleases from symmetry, harmony, proportion,
colour, &c. ; applied also to thoughts, feelings,
and conduct, and likewise to the expression of
them in works of art or literature ; a very hand-
some person ; any beautiful object.
BEAU'TY-SPtiT (bu'ty-spot), n. A patch; a spot
absurdly placed on the face to heighten beauty.
BEA'VER, n. An amphibious quadruped of the
genus castor ; the fur of the beaver ; a hat made
of the fur ; part of a helmet.
BE-6ALM' (be-kam'), v. t. To quiet;' to appease;,
to make easy ; to still.
BE--GAME', pret. of BECOME.
BE-GAUSE', con. Literally, by cause ; for this rea-
son ';' on this account.
BE-CHANCE', v. i. To befall or happen.
BE-CHARM', v. t. To charm ; to captivate.
BECK, 7i. A sign with the head or hand.
BECK, v. i. To nod or make a sign with the head
or hand.
BECK'ON (bSkToi), v. i. To make a sign to another
by nodding or with the hand.
BECK'ON, v. t. To call attention by signs.
BECK'ON, n. A sign made without words.
BE-GLOUD', v. t. To cloud ; to obscure ; to darken.
BE-COME' (-ktim'), v. t. To suit ; to be congruous ;
to sit gracefully upon.
BE-COME' C-kum'), v. i. [pret. BECAME ; pp. BECOME.]
To be made; to change from one condition or
state into another.
BE-eOMING (-ktim'-), a. Suitable to. SYN. Fit;
suitable ; graceful ; befitting.
BE-OM'ING-LY, ad. In a becoming manner;
fitly.
BE-6M'ING-NESS, n. Suitableness; propriety.
FALL, WHAT ; TH&RE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD J
BED, n. A place to sleep on ; lodging ; channel of
a river : plat in a garden ; layer or stratum, as of
^gravel, ore, &c. ; place in which any thing rests.
BED, v. t. To piit to or into bed ; to sow or plant
in beds ; to set or inclose firmly ; to lay in strata j
v. i. to go to bed ; to sleep.
BE-DlB'BLE, v. t. To soil by wet or moisture.
BE-DAG'GLE, v. t. To soil or make muddy.
BE-DASH', v. t. To wet by spattering water on.
BE-DAUB', v. t. To daub over ; to besmear with
any thing slimy.
BE-DAZ'ZLE, v. t. To dazzle ; to confuse the sight
or mind by lustre.
BED'-BOG, n. An offensive insect that infests bed-
steads.
BED'-CHAM-BER, n. A room to sleep in.
BED'-GLOTHES, n. pi. Sheets, blankets, coverlet,
&c., for beds.
BED'DED, a. Laid in a bed ; stratified ; embedded.
BED'DING, 7i. A bed and its furniture ; materials
fcr abed.
BE -DECK', v. t. To deck ; to adorn ; to dress up.
BEDE'-HOUSS, n. A hospital ; an alms-house.
BE-DEV'IL (-dSv'vl), v. t. To throw into disordei
and confusion, as by an evil spirit ; to abuse.
BE-DEW (be-du'), v. t. To moisten gently ; to wet
with dew.
BED'-FEL-LOW, n. One lying in the same bed.
BED'-HANG-INGS, n. pi. Curtains.
BE-DIGHT' (be-dite'), v. t. To set off with orna-
ments. [Little used.]
BE-D1M' v. t. To make dim ; to obscure.
BE-DlZ'EN (be-diz'zn), u. t. To adorn ; to deck
gaudily. [Low.]
BED'LAM, 7i. [Corrupted from Bethlehem, the
name of a religious house converted into a hos-
pital.] A mad-house; a noisy place; a lunatic
asylum.
BED'LAM-ITE, n. A madman ; a noisy person.
BfiD'OU-lN (bSd'oo-een), n. The name of certain
Arabs who live in tents, and are widely scattered.
BED'POST, 7i. The post of a bedstead.
BED'QUlLT, n. A quilted covering for the bed.
BE-DRAG'GLE, v. t. To soil by dragging in mud
or dirt.
BE-DRENCH', v. t. To drench thoroughly; tc
soak with water.
DEN (-rfd-dn),
BED'ROOM, n. An apartment for a bed.
BE-DROP', v. t. To sprinkle with drops.
BED'STEAD, n. A frame for supporting a bed.
BED'TI!K, u. A case of cloth for inclosing the
materials of a bed.
BED'TIME, 7i. The hour of going to rest.
BE-DWARF', v. t. To make little ; to stunt in
growth.
BE-DYE' (-di), v. i. To stain ; to dye.
BEE, 7i. The name of a genus of insects which are
very numerous ; the honey-bee.
BEE'BREAD (-brSd), n. The pollen of flowers col-
lected by bees as food for their young.
BEECH, n. The name of a tree.
BEECH'EN (be'chn), o. Belonging to the beech,
or made of beech.
BEECHt^f7'}*- The fruit of the beech.
BEECH'-OIL, 7i. Oil expressed from the mast 01
nuts of the beech-tree.
BEE'-EAT-ER, n. A bird that feeds on bees.
BEEF, n. The flesh of an ox, cow, or bull.
BEEF'-E AT-ER, n. A yeoman of the king's guard,
from buffetier, an attendant of the buffet or side-
board; a large, well-fed person; an African
BEEF-STEAK, (-stake), n. A slice of beef for
broiling.
BEE'-HIVE, n. A box or other hollow vessel for
the habitation of honey-bees.
BE-EL'ZE-BUB, n. Literally, the god of flies ; the
prince of demons ; Satan.
BEEN (bin), part. per/, of BE.
BEE
41
BEL
DOVE, WOLF, BOQK ; BCLE, BTJLL ; Vf'CIOTJS. 6 OS K ; G OS J ; 8 OS Z ; CH as SH J THI8.
BEEE, n. A beverage made of malt and hops ; ap-
plied also to fermented liquors of various other
materials, as root-beer, ginger-beer, &c.
BEET, n. The name of a saccharine root.
BEE'TLE, n. A large heavy mallet; rammer;
coleopterous insect.
BEE'TLE, v. i. To jut out ; to hang over ; to project.
BEETLE-BROWED (-browd), o. Having promi-
nent brows.
BEE'TLE-HEAD-ED (-hSd-), o. Stupid; heavy;
blockish.
BEE'TLE-STOCK, n. The handle of a beetle.
BEETLING, a. Jutting; standing out from the
main body ; overhanging.
BEEVES, n. ; pi. of BEEF. Cattle ; oxen ; cows.
BE-FALL', v. t. [pret. BEFELL ; pp. BEFALLEN.] To
happen to ; to occur to.
BE-FALL', v. i. To happen ,- to come to pass.
BE-FIT, v. t. To become ; to suit ; to adorn.
BE-FIT'TING, a. Having a fitness or propriety.
SYN. Suitable ; becoming ; meet ; appropriate.
BE-FOOL', v. t. To make a fool of; to deceive.
BE-FORE', prep. In front ; sooner ; in presence of;
in preference to.
BEFORE', ad Sooner than; in time previous;
further onward in place ; in front of.
BE-FORE'HAND, ad. Before in time or place ; in a
state of anticipation or preparation.
BE-FORE'HAIs'D, a. Well provided with means;
having more than a mere support.
BE-FORE'TlME, ad. Formerly; of old; of old
time.
EE-FOUL' (be-fowl 1 ), v. t. To make foul ; to daub ;
to soil.
BE-FRIENIX (-frend'), v. t. To favour; to use
kicdJy ; to serve ; to act as a friend to ; to coun-
tenance, aid, or benefit.
BE-FRlNGE', v. t. To adorn with fringe.
BEG, > n, A Turkish governor of a town or
BEY (ba)J district.
BEG, v. t. To ask earnestly ; to take for granted.
SYN. To entreat; solicit; implore; beseech;
supplicate.
REG, v. i. To ask alms ; to practise begging.
BE-GAN', pret. of BEGIN.
BE-GET. v. t. [pret. BEGAT; pp. BEGOT, BEGOTTEN.]
To cause to be produced; to procreate; to gene-
rate.
BE-bET TER, n. One who causes production .
BEG'GAR, 7i. One who lives by begging.
BEG'GAR, v. t. To bring to want ; to ruin ; to ex-
haust.
BEG'GAR-LI-NESS, n. The state of being beggarly;
poverty ; meanness ; stinginess.
BfiG'GAR-LY, a. Very poor ; mean ; stingy.
BEG'GAR- Y, n. State of a beggar ; extreme want.
SYN. Indigence; poverty; destitution.
BE-GlLT', a. Gilded.
BE-GlN', v. i. To have an original or first existence}
to exist in a first state or act ; to commence.
BE-GlN', v. t. [pret. BEGAN ; pp. BEGUN.] To com-
mence ; to enter upon. SYN. Originate; set
about.
BE-GlN'NER, n. One who begins ; the first at-
tempter ; a young practitioner ; a tyro.
BE-GlN'NING, n. The first part of time ; original j
first cause, act, or state ; commencement.
BE-GlRD' (17), v. t. [pret. BEGIRT, BEGIRDED; pp.
BEGIRT.] To bind with a band or girdle ; to sur-
round or encompass.
BE-GONE' (be-gawn'), (20), v. i. Go away ; depart.
[These words are improperly united. Be retains
the sense of a verb, and gone, that of a participle.]
BE-GRIME', v. t. To soil deeply with dirt.
BE-GRUDGE', v. t. To grudge ; to envy the pos-
session oi ? .
BE-GUILE', v. t. To mislead by artifice ; to pass
pleasantly. SYN. To deceive; amuse; cheat.
BE-HALF' (be-haf), n. Favour; cause; support;
account ; it also notes substitution.
BE-HAVE', v. t. To carry; to demean; to conduct;
used with the reciprocal pronoun.
BE-HAVE', v. i. To act ; to conduct.
BE-HAV'IOTJR, (be-hav'yur), n. Manners; carriage
of one's self with respect to propriety or morals.
In law, good behaviour is conformity to law.
SYN. Conduct ; deportment. Behaviour is the
mode in which -we be-have ourselves toward oth-
ers; conduct (conduco) is the mode of our con-
ducting or leading ourselves forward, and in-
volves the general tenor of our actions. The for-
mer, like deportment, is shaped chiefly by circum-
stances ; the latter is a development of the man.
Benainour in society, the conduct of life.
BE-HEAD' (be-hed'j, v. t. To punish by cutting off
the head ; to decapitate.
BE'HE-MOTH, n. A large beast mentioned in the
Scriptures, perhaps the river horse or hippopota-
mus.
BE-HEST', n. The order of a superior. SYN. Com.
mand ; direction ; charge ; mandate ; injunction.
BE-HIND', prep. At the back of; in the rear of;
remaining after ; inferior to.
BE-HlND', ad. In the rear ; remaining ; backward;
past.
BE-HIND'HAND, a. Being behind or in arrear;
backward; in an exhausted state ; being in pov-
erty.
BE-HOLLV, v. t. [pret. and pp. BEHELD.] To see ;
to view ; to fix the eyes upon ; to observe with
care.
BE-HOLD', v. i. To look; to direct the eyes ; to
observe.
BE-HOLD'EN (be-hol'dn), a. Obliged; indebted.
BE-HOLLVER, n. One who beholds ; a spectator.
BE-HOOF', n. JRadically, need ; necessity ; that
which is advantageous ; benefit.
BE-HOOV'A-BLE, a. Needful ; profitable.
BE-HOOVE', v. t. To benefit ; to be necessary for ;
to become ; to be meet for.
BE'ING, 7i. Existence ; a person or thing that ex-
ists.
BE-LA'BOUR, v. t. To thump ; to beat soundly ; to
ply vigorously.
BE-LAT'ED, o. Late in time ; too late ; benighted.
ME-LAULV, v. t. To praise highly.
DE-LAY', v. t. To waylay ; to lie in wait ; to fas-
ten ; to cover ; to overlay.
BELCH, v. i. To eject violently from within, as
wind, &c.
BELCH, v. t. To eject wind from the stomach ; to
eruct.
BELCH, 7i. The act of belching; a cant name for
malt liquor.
BEL'DAM, n. A hag ; old or scolding woman.
BE-LEA'GUER (be-le'ger), v. t. To besiege; to
block up ; to surround with an army.
BE-LEM'NITE, n. The petrified shell of a cepha-
lopod, shaped like a dart, and called thunderbolt.
BEL-ES-PRIT (b5l-es-pree'), n; pi. BEAUX-ES-
PRITS (boze-es-pree'). [Fr.] A man of wit.
BEL'FRY, 7i. A place where bells are hung.
BE'LI-AL, n. Satan ; the devil ; wickedness; vice;
so?is of Belial, wicked persons.
BE-LIE', v. t. To slander ; to speak falsely of ; to
give the lie to.
BE-LIEF' (-leef), n. Credit given to evidence;
strong or full persuasion of mind. SYN. Cre-
dence ; faith ; trust ; confidence ; creed.
BE-LIEV'A-BLE, a. Deserving credit ; credible.
BE-LIEVE' (leve'), v. t. To trust in ; to credit ; to
be persuaded as to the truth of.
BE-LIEVE', v. i. To have faith or belief ; in pop-
ular use, to think or suppose.
BE-LIEV'ER, 7i. One that believes or credits; a
Christian.
BE-LIKE', adv. Probably; likely; perhaps.
BE-LlT'TLE, v. t. To make smaller; to lower in
character. (Little used.)
BELL, 7i. A hollow vessel of metal, used to pro-
duce sounds.
BEL-LA-DON'NA, n. Deadly nightshade and the
extract therefrom.
BELLE (bel), n. A handsome, gay, young lady.
BEL
1, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, Lit
BELLES LEFTRES (bel-let'ter), [Pr.] n. pi. Ele
gant literature.
BELL'-FASH-IONED (-fash-und), a. Having th
form of a bell.
BELL'-FLOW-ER, n. A genus of plants whose
flower resembles a bell.
BLL'-FOUND-ER, n. One who casts beUs.
BELL'-FOUND-ER-Y, ) TI. A place for casting
BELL'-FOUND-RY, j bells.
BELL'M AN, n. A crier of goods ; a crier.
BELL'MET-AL (m5t-tl), n. A composition of cop
per, tin, and usually a portion of brass or zinc.
BLL'-RlNG-ER, n. One whose business is to
ring a bell ; campanologist.
BELL'- SHAPED (-shapte), a. Having the shape of
a bell.
BELL'-WETH-ER, n. A wether or sheep that leads
the flock, with a bell on his neck.
BL'LI-OSE, a. Warlike ; contentious.
BEL-LIG'ER-ENT, a. Carrying on war ; disposed
to war.
BEL-LIG'ER-ENT, n. A party engaged in war.
BEL-LO'NA, TI. The goddess of war.
BEL'LOW, v. i. To make a loud outcry or hollow,
continued sound, like a bull.
BEL'LOW, 71. A roaring like that of a bull, or of
the wind ; a loud outcry.
BEL'LOW-ING, a. Roaring; uttering a loud
sound ; 7i. a loud cry or roaring.
BEL'LOWS (bellus), n. An instrument for blowing
a fire.
BL'LU-INE, a. Beastly ; brutal.
BEL'LY, n. The part of the body containing the
entrails ; that which resembles it.
BEL'LY, v. i. To bulge or hang out ; to project or
swell out. *
BfiL'LY-BAND, TI. A band that encompasses the
belly ; the girth of a saddle.
BELTLY-FUL, n. What fills the stomach, or satis-
fies the appetite ; a sufficiency.
BE-LONG 7 (-20), v. i. To be the property of; to per-
tain to ; to be a part of ; to have relation to ; to
have a legal residence.
BE-LOVED, pp. or a. (pronounced be-luvd' as a
pp. and be-luv'ed as an adj.) Greatly loved; dear
to the heart.
BE-LOW (be-lo'), prep, and ad. In a lower place or
state ; inferior to ; on earth or in hell, as opposed
to heaven. SYN. Beneath. Below is opposed to
on high ; beneath is opposed to above. A person
who is below us at table is not beneath us. Below
has not, therefore, properly the sense of unbe-
coming or unworthy of, but beneath. We say, be-
neath (not below) the character of a gentleman,
beneath contempt, &c. This distinction should
not be overlooked.
BELT, TI. A leathern girdle ; sash ; zone ; strait.
*LT, v. t. To encircle ; to gird with a belt.
BEL'TANE, TI. May-day and its customs, connected
with the worship of Baal.
BELT'ED, a. Wearing a belt.
BELT'ING, n. Belts taken collectively, or the ma-
terials for belts.
BE-LO'GA, n. A cetaceous animal valued for its
oil.
BEL'VE-DERE, TI. A pavilion or look-out on the
top of a building.
BE-MAZE', v. t. To bewilder.
BE-MlRE', v. t. To drag or sink in the mire.
BE-MOAN' (be-mone'), v. t. To make a moan ; to
lament ; to bewail.
BE-MOCK', v. t. To treat with mocking ; to deride.
BEN'NUT } n ' ^ purgative fruit or nut.
BENCH, n. A seat; a judge's seat; the judicial
body.
BfiNCH'ER, n. A senior in the inns of courts.
BEND, v. t. and i. [pret. and pp. BENDED or BENT.]
To crook ; to bow ; to submit ; to apply ; to
subdue. To bend a cable is to fasten it to the
anchor.
BEND, n. A turn ; curve ; flexure ; incurvation.
J BEN
FALL, WHAT ; THEKE, TJ&HM ; MAEINE, BIBD ; MOVE,
BE-NEATH', p)-ep, and ad. Under; unworthy o:
SYN. Below. Beneath is opposed to above ; b<
low to higher in place or state, as beneath (no
below) notice. See BELOW.
BfiN'E-DLeT, n. A newly-married man. [Derive,
from the name of one of the characters in Shaks
peare's Much Ado about Nothing.^
BEN-E-Dl-CTlNE, a. Pertaining to the order o
monks of St. Benedict.
BEN-E-DI)'TION, n. The act of blessing, prayer
or kind wishes ; a solemn invocation of blessings
BEN-E-FA!'TION, TI. Charitable gift; a benefil
conferred ; a favour.
BEN-E-FA-6'TOR, n. He that confers a benefit.
BEN-E-FA-C'TRESS, n. She who confers a benefit
BEN'E-FlCE (ben'e-fis), n. A lower class of churcl
livings ; e.g., rectorships, curacies, &c., as distin
guished from the dignities, viz., bishoprics, &c.
BEN'E-FlOED (bSn'e-fist), a. Possessed of a bene-
fice.
BE-NfiF'I-CENCE, n. The practice of doing good ;
active goodness, kindness, or charity. SYN. Be-
nevolence. Benevolence is literally well-willing,
beneficence is literally well-doing. The former may
exist without the latter, but beneficence always
supposes benevolence.
BE-NEF'I-CENT, a. Doing good; abounding in
acts of kindness. SYN. Bountiful; liberal; gen-
erous ; munificent.
BE-NF'I-CENT-LY, ad. In a beneficent manner.
BEN-E-Fl"CIAL (-flsh'al), a. Advantageous ; pro-
fitable ; conferring benefits. [fully.
BEN-E-Fl"CIAL-LY, ad. Advantageously; use-
BEN-E-FI"CIA-RY (flsh'a-ry), n. One who holds a
benefice; one who receives the proceeds of a
charity ; one on whom benefits are conferred.
BEN-E-Fl"CIA-RY, a. Holding some valuable pos-
session in subordination to another.
BEN'E-FIT, TI. An act of kindness ; a favour con-
ferred; a public performance, the proceeds of
which are for some particular person or object.
SYN. Profits; service; use; avail.
BEN'E-FIT, v. t. To do good ; to profit ; to favour ;
v. i. to improve ; to receive benefit.
BE-NEV'O-LENCE, n. The disposition to do good ;
good will. SYN. Kindness ; benignity ; tender-
ness. Kindness and tenderness lean to the side of
natural feeling ; benevolence is considerate kindness,
and often overrules mere impulse ; benignity is
condescending kindness, as the benignity of God.
BE-NEVO-LENT, a. Kind in feeling and act ; ex-
pressing benevolence. SYN. Beneficent ; munifi-
cent. Originally, benevolent meant well-wishing,
and beneficent well-doing ; but now (with a slight
tinge of the original sense) they differ in their
outward exercise chiefly in degree ; a beneficent act
being one on a larger scale than a benevolent one,
while a munificent act is greater and more impos-
ing than either.
SE-NEVO-LENT-LY, ad. With good will.
iEN-GAL'-EE, n. The language spoken in Bengal.
E- NIGHT' (be-nite'), v. t. To involve in night ; to
darken ; to shroud in moral darkness.
JE-NIGHT'ED, pp. or a. Overtaken by the night ;
involved in darkness or ignorance.
3E-NIGN' (be-nine'), a. Full of benignity. SYN.
Kind; generous; liberal; wholesome.
3E-N1G'NANT, a. Kind ; gracious.
iE-NlG'NI-TY, n. Condescending kindness ; gra-
ciousness.
3E-N1GN'LY, ad. Kindly ; graciously ; favourably.
iEN'I-SON, TI. A blessing; benediction; reward.
iEN'SHIE. See BANSHEE.
jNT, n. A degree of flexture ; a curve ; tendency ;
leaning or bias ; force or purpose ; a kind of coarse
BENT. See BENDED.
BE-NCTMB' (be-num'), v. t. To deprive of sensibi-
lity or feeling.
,EN-ZO'I, a. Pertaining to benzoin.
BEN-ZOIN', n. A resinous fragrant juice from In-
dia, vulgarly called gum benjamin.
BEP
43
BET
D6VE, WQLF, B9QK ; R^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS. as K ; G ES J ; S as Z ', CH as SH ; THIS.
BE-PEAISE', v. t. To praise extravagantly.
BE-QUEATH', v. t. To leave or give by will ; to
hand down to posterity. SYN. Devise. Bequeath
is the generic term, devise is to bequeath, lauds or
real estate.
BE-QUEST', n. A legacy ; a gift by will.
BE-EATE' , v. t. To chide vehemently ; to scold.
BEE'-BEE-lNE, n. A yellow, bitter substance ob-
tained from the barberry plant.
BEE'BEE-EY. See BAEBEBRY.
BE-EEAVE' (-reve'), v. t. [pret and pp. BEREAVED,
BEREFT]. To deprive ; to strip; to make desti-
tute.
BE-EEAVE'MENT, n. State of being bereaved;
loss ; deprivation.
BE-SPEAK'EE, n. One who bespeaks or orders.
BE-SPEW' (be-spu'), v. t. To foul with vomit.
BE-SPiT, v. t. To soil or daub with spittle.
BE-SPOT', v. t. To mark with spots.
BE-SPEEAJ)' (be-sprgd'), v. t. [pp. BESPREAD.] To
spread over ; to cover.
BE-SPEINK'LE (-sprinkld), v. t. To sprinkle or
scatter over.
BE-SPCT'TEE, v. t. To daub or soil by sputtering.
BEST, a. superlative. Most good, perfect, or excel-
lent.
BEST, n. The highest possible attainment ; utmost.
BEST, ad. In the highest degree.
BE-STAIN', v. t. To mark with stains.
BE-STEAD', v. t. To dispose or place; to profit.
BEEG'A-MOT, n. A species of pear; a species of BES'TIAL (best'yal), a. Belonging to or like a
citron ; a species of perfume ; tnuff scented with
bergamot ; tapestry.
BEBG'AN-DEE, n. A duck that breeds under
cliffs.
BEEG'MiSTEE, n. A bailiff or chief officer among
the Derbvshire miners.
BE-EHYME' (-rime'), v. t. To celebrate in rhyme.
[Used in contempt.]
BEE'NAE-DINE, n. A monk of the order of St.
Bernard.
BER'O-E, n. A genus of minute transparent oceanic
animals, emitting a phosphoric light.
BEE'EIED (ber'rid), a. Furnished with berries.
BtE'EY, n. A small succulent or pulpy fruit.
BERTH, 71. A station in which a ship rides ; a
room in a ship to sleep in ; an office or employ-
ment. To give a wide berth, to avoid, or keep at a
safe distance from.
BEETL, n. A gem. or mineral of a green or bluish
green colour.
BEE'YL-LlNE, a. Like beryl; of a pale green
colour.
BE-SElB'BLE, v. t. To scribble over.
BE-SEECH', v. t. [pret and pp. BESOUGHT.] To
ask or pray earnestly. SYN. To beg; entreat;
solicit ; supplicate ; implore. Beg supposes sim-
ply a state of want ; to beseech, entreat, and solicit,
a state of urgent necessity ; to implore and suppli-
cate, a state of overwhelming distress.
BE-SEEM', v. t. To become ; to be fit, or worthy of.
BE-SET, y. t. [pret. and pp. BESET.] To set upon
or hem in ; to surround ; to enclose on all sides ;
to waylay; to harass.
SB-SETTING, ppr. Besieging ; habitually attend-
ing, or pressing.
BE-SHEEW, v. t. To wish a curse.
BE-S1DE', prep. At the side of, as beside a foun-
tain ; out of, as beside himself, beside my present
design. It is an error to use beside as an adverb
for besides, in the sense of moreover, &c.
BE-SIDES', ad. Moreover ; more than that ; dis-
tinct from.
BE-SIPES', prep. Over and above.
BE-SIEGE' (-seej'), . t. To lay siege to; to beset
closely. SYN. To beleaguer; hem in; invest;
environ.
BE-SIE_G'ER, n. The party besieging.
BE-SLAV'EE, v. t. To defile with slaver.
BE-SLIME', v. t. To daub with slime.
BE-SMEAE', v. t. To daub ; to soil ; to sully.
BE- SMOKE', v. t. To foul or dry with smoke.
BE-SMUT', v. t. To soil or blacken with smut or
soot.
BE-SNCFFEiy (-snuff), a. Foul with snuff.
BE'SOM (be'zum), n. A brush of twiss ; a broom.
BE-SOET', v. t. To suit ; to fit ; to become. Shalt.
BE-SGT', v. t. To stupefy ; to make- stupid or fool-
ish ; to make to dote.
BE-SOT'TED, a. Made sottish or foolish.
BE-SOTTED-NESS, n. Stupidity ; infatuation.
BE-SPAN G 'GLE, v. t. To adorn with spangles.
BE-SPATTEB, v. t. To spatter ; to soil with water
and dirt ; to asperse with calumny.
BE-SPEAK' (-speck 7 ), v. t. [pp. BESPOKE, BE-
SPOKEN.] To speak for beforehand ; to forebode;
to show.
beast. SYN. Beastly; brutal; filthy.
BES-TIAL'I-TY (best-yal'e-ty), n. The quality of
a beast ; a crime of the utmost degeneracy.
BESTIAL-IZE, v, t. To make like a beast.
BE-STICK', v. t. To stick over as with sharp
points.
BE-STIE' (17), v. t. To move quick ; to hasten.
BE-STOW (-sto'), v. t. To give ; to confer; to im-
part ; to give in marriage; to apply; to lay out;
to lay up ; to deposit.
BE-STOWAL, n. Act of bestowing ; disposal.
BE-STOW'EB, n. One who bestows ; a giver.
BE-STO W'MENT, n. Act of bestowing or giving ;
that which is conferred.
BE-STEAD'DLE, v. t. To bestride.
BE-STEEW (be-stru' or be-stro'), v. t. [pp. BE-
STUEWED.] To scatter over ; to sprinkle.
BE-STEIDE', v. t. [pret. BESTRID; pp. BESTRID, BE-
STRIDDEN.] To stride over, extending the legs
across.
BE-STOiy, v. t. To set or adorn with studs.
BET, n. The staking or pledging something to be
won or lost on certain conditions ; that which is
laid or pledged in a contest ; a wager ; a stake.
BET, r. t. To lay a bet or wager ; to stake a wager.
BE-TAKE', [pret. BETOOK, BETAKEN.] A reflective
verb usually followed by to ; as, he betook himself
to begging, i.e., had recourse, or resorted.
BE'TEL (be'tl), n. A species of pepper chewed in
the K
BE-THINK', v. t. andi. [pret. and pp. BFTHOUGHT.]
To call to mind ; a reflective verb usually follow-
ed by of; as, he bethought himself of his faults,
i.e., brought himself to the thought of, or remem-
bered.
BE-TIDE', v. i. [pret. BETID or BETIDED; pp. BE-
TIDED.] To befall; to happen to; to come to;
v. i. to come to pass ; to happen.
IE-TIME'S' } ad - In g odtime ; seasonably.
BE-TO'KEN (53) (be-to'kn), v. t. To foreshow by
some sign or token. SYN. To presage; portend;
sienify ; denote.
BET'O-NY, n. A genus of bitter plants.
BE-TOOK'. See BETAKE.
BE-TEAY' (-tra), v. t. To deliver up or disclose in
violation of duty or trust ; to expose what is meant
to be concealed; to disclose; to show.
BE-TEAY'AL, n. The act of betraying. [tor.
BE-TEAY'EE, n. One who betrays or tells ; a trai-
EE-TEAY'MENT,") n. Act of betraying; breach
BE-TEAY'AL, j of trust.
BE-TEOTH', v. t. To pledge in marriage ; to bring
under a contract to marry ; to name to a bishop-
ric.
BE-TEOTHTVIENT, n. Contract of marriage j act
of betrothing.
BE-TEL'ST', r. t. To intrust ; to put into power.
BE-TEUSTTVIENT, n. Act of intrusting; thing
intrusted.
BETTEE, . comparative. Having good qualities
in a greater degree than another; improved;
more advantageous ; preferable,
BET'TEE, n. A superior in rank, age, or office.
BET'TEE, ad. In a more excellent manner; in a
higher degree ; rather.
BET 44
1, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST.
BET'TER, v. t. To make better. SYN. To im
prove ; mend ; advance ; meliorate.
BET'TER-MENT, n. Improvement on estates.
BET'TERS, n. pi. Superiors in age or qualities.
BET'TLNG, n. The laying of a wager.
BET'TOR, 7i. One that lays bets or wagers.
BET'TY, n. An instrument to break open doors.
BE-TWEEN',) prep. In the middle or interme
BE-TWlXT', > diate space ; from one to another
common to two. SYN. Among. Between (by
twain) applies properly to two parties, as a quarre
between two men, nations, &c. ; among (lit., mingled
always supposes more than two. Hence, it is a
gross error to speak of dividing a thing among tw
persons, or between many.
BEVEL, n. The slant of a surface at an angle
greater or less than a right angle ; an instrumen'
for determining angles, consisting of two rules
opening by a joint ; a. having a bevel.
BE VEL, v. t. To form with a bevel or slant ; v. i
To slant or incline off.
BEVELLED (bSv'eld), a. Cut to a bevel angle.
BEVEL-LING, n. The forming of a bevel ; state of
being bevelled; a. having a bevel or slant.
BfiVER-AGE, n. Drink j liquor for drinking;
treat in drink.
BEVY, n. Flock of birds; brood; company.
BE-WAIL', v. t. To express deep sorrow for.
SYN. To lament ; grieve for ; bemoan.
BE-WAIL', v. i. To express grief: to lament.
BE-WAIL'ING, n. Lamentation.
BE- WARE', v.i. To be cautious ; to take care.
BE-WlL'DER, v. t. To lead into perplexity or
error. SYN. To puzzle; perplex; mislead; con-
fuse ; lead astray.
BE-WIL'DER-MENT, n. State of being bewildered.
BE-WlTCH', v. t. To charm ; to "fascinate ; to af-
fect strangely, as by the power ascribed to witches ;
to please very much.
BE-WlTCH'EE-Y, n. Fascination ; charm.
BE-WITCH'LNG, pp. or a. Charming ; fascinating;
having power to charm, or please to excess.
BE-WlTCHTNG-LY, ad. In a fascinating man-
ner.
BE-WlTCHTYCENT, n. Fascination; a charming.
BE-WRAY' (be-ra'), v. t. To betray; to disclose
perfidiously.
BEY, (ba), n. A Turkish governor.
BE-YOND', prep. On the further side of ; further
onward than; in a degree exceeding; out of
reach of.
BE-YOND 7 , ad. At a greater distance ; yonder.
BEZ'EL, n. The part of a ring in which the stone is
set.
BE'ZOAR, n. A stone-like substance found in the
stomachs of goats,
BI-ANG'GU-LATE, ) a. Having two angles cr
BI-ANG'GU-LA-TEDJ corners.
Bl'AS, n. Originally, a weight on one side of a
bowl, making it turn from a straight direction;
hence, a slant ; an undue tendency or inclina-
tion. SYN. Bent; prejudice; prepossession.
Bl'AS, v. t. To incline to one side ; to prepossess.
BlB, n. A cloth under the chin of an infant ; a fish.
BI-BA'CIOUS (-ba'shus), a. Addicted to drinking.
Bl-BA'SrC, n. Having two chemical bases.
BtB'BEE, n. A drinker ; tippler ; drunkard.
BI'BLE, n. Literally, the book; the volume that
contains the Scriptures of the Old and New Tes-
taments.
BlB'LK!-AL, a. Of or relating to the Bible.
BIB-LI-OG'RAPH-ER, n. One who composes the
history of books, or is versed in bibliography.
BIB-LI-O-GEAPH'K), \a. Pertaining to the
BIB-LI-O-GRAPH'16-AL, j description or know-
ledge of books.
BIB-LI-OG'EA-PHY, n. A history or account of
books.
BIB-LI-OL'A-TEY, n. Worship or homage paid to
books.
B1B'LI-O-MAN-CY, n, Pretended divination by
opening a book.
BIG
TALL, WHAT ; iniRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
BIB-LI-0-MA'NI-A, n. [Gr.] Book-madness; rage
for possessing rare and curious books.
BIB-LI-0-MA'NI-A-e, n. One who has a rage for
books.
BIB-LI-O-MA-NFA-AL, a. Pertaining to a pas-
sion for books.
BlB'LI-O-PHlLE, n. A great lover of books.
BIB-LI-OP'O-LIST, n. A bookseller.
BIB-LI-O-THE'-GAL, a. Belonging to a library.
BtB'LI-O-THEKE, n. A library.
BlB'LIST, n. One conversant with the Bible.
BIB'CT-LOUS, a. That is apt to imbibe ; spongy.
Bl--6AP'SU-LAE, a. In botany, having two capsules
containing seeds to each flower.
BICE. n. A pale blue paint or pigment.
BI-CEPH'A-LOUS (-sfifa-lus), a. Having two heads.
Bl-ClP'IT-OUS \ " Caving two heads or origins.
BlCK'ER, v. i.' To dispute about trifles ; to have a
tremulous motion. SYN. To wrangle ; scold ; con-
tend ; quiver.
BlCK'ER-ER, n. One who wrangles or skirmishes.
BlCK'ER-ING, n. Wrangling contention; tremu-
lous motion.
3I--66L'OUEED, a. Of two colours.
31-loRN'OTJsl a ' Having two horns.
Bl-eOR'PO-RAL, a. Having two bodies.
Bl-GRtl'RAL, a. Having two legs.
^T- 1 tT^'T > TTfc
3fetSTID-ATE,j a - Having two points.
lD, v. t. [pret. BID, BADE ; pp. BID, BIDDEN.] To
ask ; to pronounce ; to offer, as a price ; to com-
mand ; to invite.
3ID, n. An offer of a price.
SID'DER, n. One who bids or offers a price.
BlD'DING, n. An offer of price or terms ; invita-
tion ; direction.
BIDE, -o. i. To remain permanent. SYN. To dwell;
inhabit ; continue.
BIDE, v. t. To endure ; to suffer ; to wait for.
BI-DNT'AL, a. Having two teeth.
JI-DET 7 , n. A small horse or nag; a piece of
chamber furniture for washing the body.
Jl-EN'NI-AL, a. Continuing two years ; happening
once in two years ; used also as a noun.
BI-EN'NI-AL-LY, ad. Once in two years.
ER (beer), n. A frame of wood forbearing the
dead to the grave.
JIES'TINGS (bees'tingz), n. pi. The first milk of a
cow.
Jl-FA'CIAL (bl-fa'shal), a. Having the opposite
faces alike.
Jl-FA'RI-OUS, a. Two-fold ; pointed two ways.
HF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing fruit twice a year.
il'FID, )
ilF'ID-ATE, S-o. Two-cleft; divided.
iiF'ID-A-TED,)
I-FLO'ROUS, a. Bearing two flowers.
I'-FOLD, a. Two-fold ; double ; of two kinds,
I-FO'LI-ATE, a. Having two leaves.
I'FORM, a. Having two forms or bodies.
I-FORM'I-TY, n. A double form.
I-FRONT'ED (-frun'ted), a. Having two fronts.
I-FtR'^A/TED } a - Forked ; Caving two branchef
I-FUR-!A'TION, n. A forking or division into
two branches.
IG, a. Large ; swelled ; pregnant.
IG, n. A kind of barley.
IG'A-MIST, n. One who has committed bigamy.
IG'A-MY, n. The crime of having two wives or
husbands at once.
I-GEM'IN-ATE, a. Twin-forked ; having a forked
petiole, as a leaf.
IG'GIN, n. A kind of cap used for a child; in
Scotland, a large building.
IGHT (bite), n. A small bay ; the bend or coil oi
a rope.
tG'NESS, n. Size; bulk; greatness of quantity.
IG'OT, 7i. One perversely devoted to a party,
creed, sect, or practice ; an illiberal zealot.
BIG
BIS
D6VE, WQLF, B9QK ; K^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOTJS. 6 as K ; & as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; SHIS.
BlG'OT-ED, o. Unduly devoted ; prejudiced .
blindly zealous.
BlG'O-TEY, n. Obstinate and unreasonable at-
tachment to a party or to particular tenets ; blind
z-eal or prejudice.
BI-JOU' (be-zhoo'), n.; pi. BI-JOUX', [IV.] A jewel;
a trinket.
BI-JOU'TEY (be-zhoo'try), n. The making or deal-
ing in jewels ; jewelry.
BI-JO'GOUS, a. Having two pairs of leaflets.
BI-LA'BI-ATE, a. Having two lips.
BI-LAM'EL-LATE, o. Having the form of a flatted
sphere, longitudinally bifid.
BI-LAT'EE-AL, a. Having two sides.
BlL'BEE-EY, n. A shrub and its berry
BlL'BO, n. ; pi. BJCI/BOES. A rapier ; a fine or choice
sword.
BlL'BOES (blVboz), n. pi. A sort of stocks for the
feet on board a ship to confine prisoners or of-
fenders.
BILE, n. A yellow bitter liquor secreted in the
liver.
BILGE, n. The protuberant part of a cask ; the
breadth of a ship's bottom.
BlLGE, v. i. To suffer a fracture in the bilge or
bottom.
BlLGE-WA-TEE, n. "Water lying in a ship's hold.
BIL'IA-EY'(birya-ry), o. Belonging to the bile.
BlL'INGS-GATE, n. Foul language; ribaldry.
[From the name of a fish-market in London.]
BI-LlNG'GUAL (-ling'gwal), ") a. In two langua-
BI-LlNG'GUAE(-ling'gwar),j ges.
Bl-LlNG G 'GTJOUS, a. Having two tongues, or
speaking two languages.
BlL'-IOUS (bil'yus), a. Pertaining to bile ; disor-
dered as to the bile ; having excess of bile.
BI-LlT'EE- AL, a. Consisting of two letters.
BILK, v. t. To frustrate ; to cheat ; to defraud.
BILL, n. The beak of a bird ; a hooked instrument
for cutting ; a kind of battle-axe ; an account or
statement of particulars, as goods ; a note ; draft
Df a law not enacted ; exhibition of charges. Bill
of exchange, an order directing one party to pay
money to another ; bill of lading, a written ac-
count of goods shipped, with terms of delivery ;
bill of sale, a writing given by the seller of personal
property to the buyer ; bill of health, a certificate
_as to the health of a ship's company.
BILL, v. i. To kiss ; to caress ; to fondle.
BlLL'ET, n. A small letter; a ticket directing
soldiers where to lodge ; a stick of wood.
BlLL'ET, v.t. To quarter soldiers ; to settle.
BIL'LET-DOUX (biTle-doo), n. [IV.] A love-letter
or note.
BlLL'IAED, a. Pertaining to the game of billiards.
BILL'IAEDS (bil'yardz), n. pi. A game with balls
and rods on a rectangular table, with pockets.
BlLL'ING, n. Joining of bills ; caressing.
BlLL'ION (WTyun), n. A million of millions.
BlLL'MAN, n. One who uses a bill or battle-axe.
BU/LOWfMno),*. A large wave or sweU of the sea.
BlL'LOW, v. i. To sweU into billows.
BlL'LOW-Y (billo-y), a. Swelling or roaring like a
wave ; full of billows.
BlLL'-STlCK-EE, n. One employed to stick up
bills in public places.
BI'LOB B ED ?iobd) ,{ a " Divided into two lobes "
Bl-LO-G'0-LAE, a. Containing two cells, as a pod.
Bl-MA'NOUS, a. Having two hands.
BI-MEN'SAL, a. Occurring once in two months.
BIN, n. A box or compartment to hold grain or
other commodities.
BlN'A-LE. See BINHACLE.
Bl'NA-EY, a. Double; composed of two.
RIT^ATE, a. Being double, or in couples.
BIND, v. t. [pret. and pp. BOUND.] ' To tie ; to con-
fine ; to cover, as a book ; to gird ; to restrain ; to
oblige ; to confirm ; to form a border round ; to
make close or costive ; v. i. to contract, or grow
hard, or tight ; to be obligatory.
BlND.n. A stalk of hops.
BIND'EE, n. One who binds books, sheaves. &c. j
that which binds, as a fillet or band.
BlND'EE-Y, 7i. A place for binding books.
BIND'ING, o. Making costive ; that obliges ; obli-
gatory.
RIND'ING, n. A bandage ; the cover of a book.
BINUA--6LE, 7i. A wooden box for holding the
compass of a ship and its light
BI-NO-C'U-LAE, a. With or adapted to both eyes ;
having or using two eyes.
BI-NO'MI-AL, >a. Consisting of two names or
BI-NOM'IN-OUS, j members.
BI-NO'MI-AL, 7i. An algebraical root consisting of
two members connected by plus or minus.
BI-OG'EA-PHEE, n. A writer of a person's life.
Bl-O-GEAPH'ie, _ ")a. Pertaining to the history
Bl-p-'GEAPHTG-AL,
biography.
- L-PHY,
a person's life, or to
BI-GG'EA-PHY, 7i. A history of the life and cha-
racter of any person.
BI-OL'0-GY, 7i. The science of life.
BlP'A-EOUS, a. Producing two at a birth.
BI-PAET'I-BLE,> a. That may be divided into
BlP'AE-TlLE, I two parts.
BlP'AE-TlTE, a. Divided into two parts, as a leaf.
BI-PAE-TI"TION (-tish'un), n. The act of divid-
ing into two parts.
Bl'PED, 7i. An animal having only two feet ; a
human being.
BlP'E-DAL, a. Having two feet.
BI-PKN'NATE, a. Having two wings.
BI-PET'AL-OUS, a. Consisting of two flower
leaves ; having two petals.
Bl-PlN'NATE, a. Having pinnate leaves on each
side of the petiole.
BI-QUAD'EATE, n. The fourth power, in mathe-
matics, arisiug-from the multiplication of a square
by itself.
Bl-QtTAD-EAT'I-G, a. Relating to the fourth power.
BI-EA'DI-ATE, a. Having two rays, as a fin.
BiECH (17), n. The name of a tree of several
species ; a rod or twig for chastisement.
BIECH, ')a. Consisting of birch; made of
BtECH'EN, j birch.
BlED (17), n. Properly, the young of fowls, but in
modern use, any fowl or flying animal.
BlED'-BOLT (17), n. An arrow, blunt at the end,
for the purpose of shooting birds.
BlED'-GAGE (17), n. A cage to keep birds in.
BlED'-GALL (17), n. An instrument for calling
' birds.
BIED'-LlME, n. A glutinous substance used for
catching birds.
BIEDS'-EYE, a. Noting a view taken, as if by a
bird flying above.
BlEDS'EYE-MA'PLE, n. A kind of maple having
spots like the eye of a bird.
BlED'S'NfiST, n. A nest in which birds lay eggs.
BlED'-WlT-TED, a. Not having the faculty of at-
tention.
Bl-EEME', n. A vessel with two banks of oars.
BlRG'AN-DEE, n. A species of wild goose.
BiETH (17), 7i. The act of coming into life; lin-
eage ; origin.
BiETH. See BERTH.
BlETH'DAY, 7i. The day of one's birth, or the
same day of the month in every succeeding year.
BIETH'-PLACE, n. The town or place where one
is born.
BlETH'-ElGHT (-rite), n. A right derived from
birth.
BlS'-eUIT (bisTcit), n. A kind of hard bread; a
cake variously made ; earthenware before glazing.
Bl-SE-GT', v. t. To divide into two equal parts.
Bl-SE-6'TION (sgk'shun), n. A division of any line
or quantity into two equal parts.
BI-SEG'MENT, n. One of the parts of a line di-
ided into two equal parts.
Bl-SEX'C-AL, a. Of both sexes.
BlSH'OP, n. An overseer. In the primitive church,
a spiritual overseer ; a prelate or person conso
crated for the spiritual government of a diocese.
BIS
46
BLA
1, *, &c., long. I, , &c., s7iort. CAKE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
BlSH'OP, v. t To confirm; to admit to the B .ACK'BALL, n. A composition for blacking
church.
BlSH'OP-RI, n.
A diocese ; the jurisdiction of a
bishop.
BlS'MUTH (bTz'muth), n. A metal of yellowish or
reddish-white colour, and lamellar texture.
BIS'MUTH-AL, a. Consisting of bismuth.
Bl'SON, n. A wild quadruped of the bovine kind.
BIS-SEX'TlLE, TU Leap-year ; every fourth year,
in which a day is added to the month of February.
BlS'TER, \n. A paint of deep brown colour, made
BJS'TRE, j of soot of beech. [knife.
BIS'TOU-RY (bis'tu-ry), n. A surgeon's incision-
BI-SUL'!OUS, a, Having cloven hoofs.
BIT, n. The iron mouth-piece of a bridla ; a mor-
sel ; a small piece or portion of anything ; a small
coin worth five pence ; an instrument for boring
wood.
BlT, v. t. To put a bit in the mouth ; to check.
BlTCH, n. The female of canine animals.
BITE, v. t. [pret. BIT ; pp. BIT, BIT'TEX.] To seize
with the teeth ; to crush or break with the teeth ;
to give pain, as cold ; to enter and hold, as an
anchor ; to reproach ; to cheat.
BITE, n. Act of biting ; wound made by teeth ;
thing bitten off ; a morsel ; a trick.
BlT'ER, n. One that bites ; a sharper.
BIT'ING, a. Seizing, as if with the teeth ; sharp ;
severe; sarcastic.
BlT'ING-LY, ad. In a sarcastic manner.
BlT'TA~LE. See BINNACLE.
BlT'TEN (blt'tn), pp. or a. Seized or wounded with
the teeth.
BIT'TER, a. Having a hot, acrid taste ; exceed-
ingly painful to the mind ; expressing great mis-
ery. SYN. Sharp; cevere; cruel; calamitous;
poignant ; reproachful.
BIT'TER-ISH, a. Somewhat bitter.
BIT'TER-ISH-NESS, n. A small degree of bitter-
ness.
Bir'TER-LY, ad. Sharply; cruelly; severely.
Bl T'TERN, n. The name of a water-fowl ; in salt
works, a bitter liquid which remains after the salt
is concreted.
Bi C'TER-NESS, n. A bitter taste ; extreme ha-
tred.
BITTERS, 'HI. pi. Bitter vegetables, or an infusion
of bitter herbs or roots.
BlTTS, n. pi. Timbers to which the cable is fast-
ened when a ship rides at anchor.
Bl-TCTMD' (-tumd'), a. Smeared with bitumen.
Bl-TCTMEN, n. The name of various inflammable
substances of a strong smell, as mineral pitch and
tar, petroleum, naphtha, &c.
Bt-TO'MIN-ATE, ) v. t. To impregnate with bi-
Bl-TC'MIN-lZE, ) tumen.
BI-TU-MI-NIF'ER-OUS, a. Yielding bitumen.
BI-TU'MIN-OUS, a. Containing or like bitumen.
Bl'VALVE, n. An animal or shell of two valves.
Bl'VALVE,
) o. Having two valves which
shoes ; a ball of a black colour used as a negative
in voting.
BLACK'BALL, v. t. To reject by black ballots.
BLACK'BER-RY, n. The fruit of the bramble.
BLACK'BlRD, n. A black singing-bird ; a species
of thrush ; the merle ; in America, the grackle
and other varieties.
BLACK'BOARD, n. A board used in schools, &c.,
for writing or drawing lines for instruction.
BLACK'-AT-TLE, n. Oxen, cows, and bulls, of any
colour.
BLACKCOCK, n. A fowl of the grouse kind.
BLACK--e0R'RANT, n. A very small kind of grape
imported dry from Zante.
BLACKEN (blak'ku), v. t. To make black; to de-
fame ; v. i. to grow black.
BLACK'FISH, n. A fish of the perch kind ; in
/Scotland, fish newly spawned.
BLACK'FRI-AR, n. One of the Dominican order
BLACK'GUARD (blak'gard), n. A person of foul
language; v. t. to revile in scurrilous language;
a. scurrilous ; abusive.
BLACK'GUARD-ISM, n. The conduct of a black-
guard.
BLACKING, n. A substance for blacking shoes or
other articles.
BLACK'ISH, a. Somewhat black.
BLACK'JACK, n. A name for an ore of zinc;
blende ;a leathern cup.
BLACK'-LEAD (L-d), n. An improper name of
plttmbogo, as it contains no lead ; graphite.
BLACK'LEG, n. A term applied to gamblers.
BLACK'-LET-TER, n. The old English or modern
Gothic letter or character ; o. written or printed
in black letter.
BLACK'LY, ad. Darkly ; atrociously.
BLACK'MAIL (blak'-male), n. Money extorted
under pretence of protecting or exempting from
attack.
BLACK'-MON'DAY, n. Easter Monday in 34 Ed.
III., 1360, which was so cold that troops died on
horse-back.
BLACK/NESS, n. Black colour ; darkness ; atro-
ciousness ; enormity in wickedness.
BLACK'-P UD-DING, n. A pudding made of blood
and grain.'
BLACK'-ROD, n. The usher who carries the black
rod at assemblies of the order of the garter, and
in Parliament.
BLACK'SMITH, n. A person who works in iron.
BLACK'-THORN, n. The sloe-tree.
BLAD'DER, n. A vessel containing some liquid in
the body, as urine, bile ; a blister.
BLAD'DER-Y, a. Containing or like bladders.
BLADE, n. A spire or leaf of grass ; the cutting
part of a sword, knife, or other flattened instru-
ment ; gay person ; flat part of an oar.
,
BI-VALV'CT-LAR, > open and shut, as the oys
Bl-VALVOUS, ) ter.
BI-VEN'TRAL, a. Having two bellies.
r.IVI-OUS, a. Having or leading two ways.
BIVOUAC (biv'wak), n. [IV.] Watch or guard of a
whole army, or an encampment without tents.
BlV'OUA!, v. i. To pass the night without tents,
as an army oil guard.
BI-ZARRE' (be-zar'), a. [IV.]. Odd; fantastic; ex-
travagant; whimsical.
BLAB, v. t. To tell a secret ; to divulge thought-
lessly ; v. i. to tattle.
BLAB, n. Tattle ; one who blabs ; a tell-tale.
BLAB'BER, n. A tell-tale ; babbler.
BLACK, a. Destitute of light or colour; dark;
cloudy ; mournful ; dismal.
BLACK, n. An African ; darkest colour, or absence
of colour.
BLACK, v. t. To make black ; to blacken.
BLACK' A-MOOR, n. A black or coloured man.
BLACK'ART, w. Conjuration; magic; necro-
mancy.
ment ; gay person ; flat part ol an oar.
BLADE'-BONE, n. The shoulder-blade scapula,
or flat bone of the shoulder.
BLAD'ED, a. Having blades.
BLAIN, n. A boil ; blister ; blotch ; ulcer.
BLAM'A-BLE, a. Deserving of blame. SYN. Cul-
pable ; faulty ; censurable.
BLAM'A-BLE-NESS, n. Faultiness ; culpableness.
BLAM'A-BLY, ad. In a manner deserving blame.
BLAME, v. t. To censure ; to find fault with.
BLAME, n. Fault; that which deserves censure.
SYN. Reproach ; condemnation ; reprehension ;
crime ; fault. The phrase to blame means worthy
of blame.
BLAME'FUL, a. Faulty; censurable.
BLAME'LESS, a. Without fault. Sry. Innocent;
guiltless ; faultless ; spotless ; irreproachable.
BLAME'LESS-LY, ad. Innocently ; without fault.
BLAME'LESS-NESS, . Innocence ; harmless-
ness,
BLAME-WOR'THI-NESS, n. The quality of de-
serving censure.
BLAME'WUR-THY, o. Deserving of blame.
BLAN-6'ARD, n. A linen cloth.
BLA
47
BLI
DOVE, WQLF, BOQK ; K^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOTJS. 6 as K ; G as 3 \ & as Z ; CH OS SH ; THIS.
BLANCH (6), v. t. To take the colour out and
make white ; to skin almonds ; to obliterate.
BLANCH, v. i. To evade ; to shift.
BLANCHED (blancht), pp. or a. Whitened ; having
the colour taken out.
BLANCHEE, n. One who blanches.
BLANC-MANGE', ) (blo-monje'), [Fr. blon.
BLANC-MANGER', ]" manger.'] In cookery, i
preparation of isinglass or Iceland moss, milk
sugar, cinnamon, &c., boiled.
BLAND, a. Marked by mildness or courtesy.
SYN. Courteous ; soft ; mild ; gentle.
BLAND-lL'O-QUENCE, n.
speech.
Fair, mild, flattering
BLAND'ISH,
flatter.
t. To smooth ; to wheedle ; to
BLAND'ISH-ER, n. One who flatters and soothes.
BLAND'ISH-MENT, n. Kind words; flattery;
winning expressions or actions.
BLAND'NESS, n. State of being bland.
BLANK, a. White ; pale ; unwritten ; dejected.
BLANK, n. 'Void space ; unwritten paper ; a lot
by which nothing is gained ; disappointment.
BLANK, v. t. To make void ; to damp ; to confuse.
BLANK'ET, n. A woollen covering for a bed.
BLANK'ET, v. t. To toss in a blanket; to cover
with a blanket.
BLANK'ET-ING, n. Cloth for blankets ; tossing
in a blanket.
BLANK'LY. ad. In a blank manner ; palely.
BLANK'NESS, n. Paleness ; wanness ; confusion.
BLANK'- VERSE, n. Verse in which there is not
rhyme ; the heroic verse unrhymed.
BLAR'NEY, n. Smooth, deceitful talk; flattery.
a'isTi.]
S-PHEME', v. t. To revile or speak wickedly
of God ; to curse or speak reproachfully of.
BLAS-PHEME', v. i. To utter blasphemy.
BLAS-PHEM'ER, n. A person who reviles God.
BLAS'PHE-MOUS, a. Full of blasphemy.
BLAS'PHE-MOUS-LY, ad. In a blasphemous way.
BLAS'PHE-MY, n. Contemptuous or irreverent
words uttered impiously against God.
BLAST (6), n. A gust of wind ; sound by blowing ;
blight ; explosion of powder ; one smelting of
ore.
BLAST, v. t. To cause to wither or fail ; to blight ;
to disappoint ; to destroy ; to split with powder.
BLAST'ER, 11. He who, or that which blasts.
BLAST'ING, n. The act of blasting; a blast; de-
struction ; explosion.
BLA'TANT, a. Bellowing as a calf; noisy.
BLAZE, v. i. To flame ; to show a bright light ; to
be conspicuous.
BLAZE, v. t. To set a white mark on a tree by
paring off part of the bark ; to make public ; to
blazon.
BLAZE, n. The light of a flame ; a white spot, as
on a tree by chipping off the bark, or on a horse's
forehead SYN. Flame. A Uaze and a fiame are
both produced by burning gas, but the former
gives light and the latter heat the one shines
and the other burns.
BLAZED (blazd), a. Marked, as a tree by cutting
the bark.
BLAZ'ER, n. A spreader or publisher of reports.
BLAZ'ING, ppr. or a. Flaming ; publishing far and
wide ; emitting light or flame.
BLAZ'ING-STAR, n. The popular name of a comet.
BLA'ZON (bla'zn), v. t. To explain the terms on
ensigns armorial ; to adorn ; to display ; to blaze
abroad.
BLA'ZON (bla'zn), n. The act or art of heraldry ;
publication ; pompous display.
BLA'ZON-ER, n. One who blazons ; a propagator
of scandal.
BLA'ZON-RY (bla'zn-ry), ,. The art of describing
coats of arms in terms.
BLEACH, v. t. To whiten ; to make white by re-
moving colours ; v. i. to grow white.
BLEACHED (bleecht), pp. or a. Whitened; de-
. prived of its colour
BLEACH'ER, n. One whose businessis to whiten
cloth.
BLEACH'ER- Y, n.
Aplace for bleaching.
d ;
[rheum.
Dim (as eyes) with watery
BLEACH'ING, n. Actofwhi
BLEAK (bleek), a. Open; exposed to a free cur-
rent of air ; hence, cold, as a bleak hill.
BLEAK (bleek), n. A small species of river fish;
called also Uay.
BLEAK'LY, ad. Coldly ; in a bleak situation.
BLEAK'NESS, n. Exposedness to the wind ; cold-
ness.
BLEAR (bleer),
BLEAR, v. t. To make the eyes watery or sore.
BLEAR'EYED (-ide), a. Having watery or red eyes.
BLEAT (bleet), v. i. To cry like a sheep.
BLEAT >
BLEAT'ING, j n ' Tne cry of a sneep or goat>
BLEED, v. t. To let blood ; to take blood by open-
ing a vein.
BLEED, v. i. [pret. and pp. BLED.) To lose or let
blood ; hence to ooze or drop, as sap from a plant,
and hence to yield or give money, as, he bleeds
freely.
BLEED'ING, n. A letting of blood with the lancet.
BLEM'ISH, v. t. To deform ; to mark ; to hurt ; to
tarnish, as reputation or character.
BLEM'ISH, n. A deformity ; any defect or injury
that diminishes beauty. SYN. Flaw; speck ;
fault ; disgrace ; taint ; dishonour.
BLENCH, v. i. To shrink; to start back; v. t. to
render ineffectual.
BLENCH, n. A start or shrinking back.
BLEND, v. t. To mix intimately ; to confound in
a mass.
BLENDE, n. Sulphuret of zinc.
BLENT, n. The obsolete participle of blend.
BLESS, v. t. [pret. and pp. BLESSED, BLEST.] To
give success to ; to make happy ; to invoke bless-
ings on ; to glorify.
BLE&S'ED, a. Happy; prosperous; full of felicity;
enjoying divine favour.
BLESS'ED-NE^S, n. Exalted enjoyment. SYN.
Felicity ; happiness ; content ; joy.
BLESS'ING, n. Benediction ; invocation of happi-
ness ; benefit ; advantage ; divine favour.
BLIGHT (blite), n. A disease incident to plants ;
J - _ "I 1 J *
feet with blight ; to
BLiUHT'ED (bllted), a. Blasted; frustrated.
BLIGHT'ING. a. Blasting ; frustrating.
BLIND, a. Destitute of sight ; dark ; obscure ;
weak; inconsiderate.
BLIND, v. t. To darken ; to stop the sight.
BLIND, n. What intercepts the eight, or misleads.
BLIND'FOLD, a. Having the eyes covered.
BLIND'FOLD, v. t. To cover the eyes ; to deprive
of sight ; to hinder from seeing.
BLIND'LY, ad. Without sight; tamely; without
judgment ; implicitly.
BLiND'-MAN'S-BU FF, n. A play in which a per-
son blindfolded hunts out the rest of the coin-
any thing nipping or blasting.
BLIGHT (blite), v. t. To aff<
blast.
BLIND'NESS, n. A want of sight ; ignorance.
BLIND'SIDE, n. The side most assailable; a
weakness ; a foible.
BLINK (66) v. i. To wink; to shut; to close; to
see darkly ; v. t. to shut out of sight; to avoid.
BLINK, n. Glimpse ; a glance ; a dazzling white-
ness.
BLINK' ARD, n. A person that has weak eyes.
HLINK'ERS, n. pi. Blinds for horses.
BLlNK'ING, ppr. or a. Winking ; twinkling.
BLISS, n. Happiness in the highest degree. SYN.
Blessedness ; felicity ; beatitude.
BLISS'FUL, a. Very happy; blessed; full of joy.
iLISS'FUL-NESS, n. Exalted happiness; felicity.
BLIS'TER, n. A watery rising in the skin; a pus*
tule.
BLIS'TER, v. i. To rise in blisters ; v. t. to raise a
blister on.
BLITHE, a. Gay ; merry ; sprightly.
BLl
48
BLU
i, S, &c., long. 1, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
,
BLI THETLY , ad. In a joyful manner.
BLITHE'SOME-NESS, n. Gaiety ; joyousness.
BLOAT, v. t. To cause to swell or make turgid ; to
inflate ; to dry by smoke ; v. i. to grow puffy ; to
grow turgid ; to dilate.
BLOATED, o. Puffed ; swelled ; made turgid.
r>LOB'BER-LlP, 7i. A thick lip.
BLOB'BER-LlPPED (-Upt), a. Having thick lips.
BLOCK, n. A heavy piece of wood, stone, c. j
the wood on which criminals are decapitated ; a
pulley or its frame-work ; an obstruction or hin-
derance ; a blockhead ; a continuous row of build-
ings.
BLOCK, v. t. To shut or stop up ; to obstruct.
BLOCK-IDE', n. A siege which cuts off communi-
cation.
BLOCK-ADE, v. t. To surround with a force oi
troops or ships ; to deny access to.
BLOCK'HEAD (-hd), n. A stupid or dull per-
son.
BLOCK'-HOUSE, n. A small fortress of timber.
BLOCK'ISH, a. Dull ; deficient in understanding.
BLOCK'ISH-NESS, n. Stupidity ; dullness.
BLOCK'-TiN, 71. Pure tin as cast in blocks or in-
gots.
BLOM'A-EY (bloom'-), n. Tha first forge for iron.
BLONDE, 71. A person of fair complexion, with
lisrht hair and blue eyes.
BLOND'-LACE, n. Lace made of silk.
BLOOD (blud), n. The fluid which circulates in
the arteries and veins of animals ; a family ; race ;
life ; choice pedigree in animals ; death ; rake ;
guilt ; punishment for shedding blood.
BLOOD (blud), v. t. To stain with or let blood.
BLOOD'-FLOW-ER, n. The plant liccmanthus.
BLOOD'-GUlLT-I-NESS (-gilt-e-nessj, n. The
guilt or crime of shedding blood unlawfully.
BLOOD'-HEAT, n. The natural temperature of
blood, about 98 deg. F.
ELOOD'-HOUND (blud'-), n. A large hunting-dog
of keen scent.
BLOOD'I-LY (blud'-), ad. In a bloody manner;
cruelly ; maliciously.
BLOODS-NESS (blud'-) n. A bloody state ; cru-
elty.
BLOOD'LESS (blud'-), a. Destitute of blood ; in-
npcent.
BLOOIX-EOOT, n. A plant so named from its
colour.
BLOODSHED, n. The shedding of blood.
BLOOD'SHOT, a. Red and inflamed by turgid
blood-vessels.
BLOOLV-STAESrED (blud'stand), a. Stained with
blood,
BLOOD'-STJCK-ER, n. An animal that sucks
blood ; a leech ; a cruel oppresser.
BLOOD'THlRST-I-NESS, n. Disposition to shed
blood.
BLOOLV-THlRST-T (bliid-) a. Desirous to shed
blood; murderous.
BLOOD'- VES-SEL, n. An artery or vein.
BLOOD 7 - WARM, a. Warm as blood.
BLOODT (blud'y), o. Stained with blood; mur-
derous.
BLOOD'Y, v. t To stain with blood.
BLOOD'Y-FLUX, n. The dysentery.
BLOOLVY-MIND-ED, a. Inclined to bloody deeds.
SYN. Cruel; barbarous; horrid.
BLOOM, n. The blossom or flower of a tree or
plant ; the opening of flowers ; a state of beauty
and promise, as of youth ; the soft tint upon ripe
fruits, as plums, &c. ; a mass of iron that has un-
dergone the first hammering.
BLOOM, v. i. To yield blossoms ; to flourish.
BLOOM'A-RY, 71. The first forge for iron.
BLOOM'ING, ppr. or o. Opening its blossoms;
thriving with youth and health.
BLOOMTT, a. Full of bloom ; flowery; flourishing.
BLOS'SOM, n. The flower of trees or plants.
BLOS'SOM, v. i. To put forth blossoms.
PALL, WHAT J THiRE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ;MOVE,
BLOS'SOM-ING, ppr. or o. Opening its flowers
blowing ; n. the flowering of plants.
BLOT, v. t. To spot with ink ; hence to obliterate j
to dishonour. SYN. To blur; stain; efface.
BLOT, n. A blur ; spot ; stain ; disgrace.
BLOTCH, n. An inflamed spot on the skin.
BLOT'TER, n. One that blots ; a waste-book.
BLOUSE, ) n. A light, loose garment like a frock-
BLOWSE, J coat.
BLOW, n. A stroke ; a gale of wind ; egg of a fly ;
a flower or blossom.
BLOW (bio), v. i. [pret. BLEW; pp. BLOWN.] To
make a current of air ; to pout or puff ; to sound ;
to blossom ; v. t. to drive by a current of air ; to
fan ; to sound a wind instrument ; to inflate ; to
deposit eggs, as flies ; to shape glass by blowing ;
to burst or scatter.
BLOWER, n. One who blows; that which increases
a cm-rent of air.
BLOWPIPE, 7i. A tube with a small orifice for
blowing an intense flame on any substance.
BLOWTH, n. Bloom; blossoms in general; state
of blossoming.
BLOWZE, n. A ruddy, fat-faced woman.
BLOWZY, a. Ruddy ; fat and ruddy-faced.
BLOB'BER, n. The fat of whales ; sea nettle ; a
bubble.
BLOB'BER, v. i. To weep with sobs, so as to swell
the cheeks.
BLUD'fiEON (blud'jun), n. A short stick, with
one end loaded and heavier than the other; a
thick stick or club.
BLUE (blu), a. Of the colour of blue ; low-spirited;
depressing.
BLUE (blu), n. One of the three primary colours.
It is of various shades, as sky-blue, indigo-blue,
&c.
BLCE, v. t. To dye or stain blue.
BLUE'-BOOK, 7i. A book that contains an official
return or report.
BLUE'-BOT-TLE, n. A plant ; a fly with a large
blue belly.
BLUE'-DEV-ILS (blu'-dev-vlsj ) n. pi. Extreme low-
BLUES, $ ness of spirits.
BLUE'-LIGHT (-lite), n. A composition burning
with a blue flame, used in ships as a signal.
BLUE'LY, ad. With a blue colour.
BLUE'NESS (blu'ness), n. The quality of being
blue.
BLOE'-PE-TER, n. A signal-flag for sailing, &c.
BLUE'-STOCK-ING, n. A literary lady.
BLUFF, a. Big ; surly ; blustering.
BLUFF, n. A steep bank ; or high, bold shore.
BLUFF'NESS, 7i. The quality of being bluff.
BLUF'FY, a. Abounding in bluffs.
BLU'ING, 7i. The art of giving a blue colour ; that
which gives a blue colour.
BLC'ISH, a. Inclined to blue ; rather blue.
BLtTN'DER, v. i. To mistake grossly ; to flounder;
to stumble.
BLtTN'DER, n. A gross mistake. SYN. Error;
mistake; bull. An error is a wandering from the
right ; "mistake is the mis-taking of one thing for
another, through haste, &c. ; a blunder (literally
flounder) is something more gross, a floundering
on through carelessness, ignorance, or stupidity.
An error may be corrected ; a mistake may be rec-
ti#ed ; a blunder is always blamed or laughed at.
A bull is a verbal blunder containing a laughable
incongruity of ideas.
BLON'DER-BUSS, n. A short gun with a large
bore ; a stupid, blundering fellow.
BLUN'DER-ER, \n. A stupid man ; one who
BLCN'DER-HEAD, $ commits blunders.
BLON'DER-ING, o. Mistaking grossly; stum-
BLJjN'DER-ING-LY, ad. In a blundering manner.
BLUNT, a. With worn or thick point or edge ;
dull ; rough; impolite; plain.
BLUNT, v. t. To dull the edge or point ; to make
less keen or active.
BLUNT'ED, pp. or a. Made dull ; impaired
BLU
OOVE, WOLF, BOQK ; EI^LE, BTTLL ; Vl"CIOT7S.
BLtTNTNESS, n. A want of edge; rudeness;
coarseness of address. [scurity.
BLCR, TI. A blot; spot; stain; imperfection; ob-
BLCR, v. t. To obscure; to blot; to stain; to ef-
face; to blemish.
BLCRT, v. t. To throw out at random or unad-
visedly ; to utter inadvertently.
BLCSH, v. i. To redden in the face ; to be sud-
denly suffused with a red colour in the cheeks.
BLCSH, n. A reddish colour on the cheek, aris-
ing from some emotion.
BLCSH'FCL, a. Full of blushes.
BLCSH'ING, ppr. or a. Reddening in the face or
cheek ; exhibiting blushes ; red ; reddish ; modest.
BLCSH'ING, n. The appearance of colour on the
cheeks ; the act of showing blushes.
BLCSH'ING-LY, ad. In a blushing manner.
BLCSH'LESS, a. Past blushing ; impudent.
BLCS'TER, v. i. To be loud and violent ; to roar ;
to bully ; to swagger.
BLCSTER, n. A roar; tumult; boast; turbu-
lence; boisterousness. [bulent boaster.
BLCS'TER-ER, n. A swaggerer; a bully; a tur-
BLCS'TER-ING, ppr. or a. Roaring; swaggering;
noisy : boastful ; bullying.
BLCS'TER-ING, n. Noisy pretension.
BLOS'TROUS, a. Noisy: tumultuous; rough.
BOA, 7i. A genus of serpents ; a fur tippet.
BOAR, n. A he-swine.
BOARD, n. A piece of timber sawed thin and
broad ; a table : fcod ; diet ; a body of men who
manage some concern ; deck of a ship.
BOARD (borde), v. t. To lay, fence, or cover with
boards ; to enter a ship by force ; to furnish with
daily food ; v. i. to receive food, or take meaJs.
BOARD'ED, pp. or a. Covered with boards ; fur-
nished with daily food ; entered by force, as a ship.
BOARD'ER, n. One who takes his meals at an-
other's table for pay ; one who enters a ship by
force.
BOARDTNG, ppr. or a. Furnishing or receiving
diet ; entering by force ; TI. act of boarding ; diet.
BOARDTNG-S-GHOOL, n. A school, the scholars
of which board with the teacher.
BOARD'-WA-GES, n. Wages allowed to servants
for boarding themselves.
BOAR'ISH, a. Like a boar. STN. Rude ; hoggish;
brutal; rough.
BOAST, v. i. To speak highly or ostentatiously of
what belongs to one's self; v. t. to exult or be
confident in. SYN. To glory; vaunt ; exult ; brag.
BOAST, n. A proud speech ; a vaunting ; cause of
boasting.
BOAST'ER, TI. One who boasts ; a braggart.
BOASTTUL, a. Given to boasting; vain; osten-
tatious.'
BOAST'ING, TI. The act of boasting. SYN. Vaunt-
ing; glorying; swaggering; brag.
BOASTING-LY, ad. In aboasting manner.
BOAT (bote), n. A small open vessel usually moved
by oars.
BOAT, v. t. To convey or transport in a boat.
BOAT/A-BLE (bo'ta-bl), a. Navigable with boats.
BOAT-HOOK, TI. A pole armed with a hook and
point, to push or pull a boat.
BO AT'ING, pp. or a. Conveying or sailing in a boat ;
n. the art or practice of sailing or transporting in
boats.
BOAT'MAN, TI. A manager of a boat.
BOATSWAIN, (familiarly, bo'sn), n. One who has
charge of a ship's boats, rigging, colours, &c.
BOB, TI. Any thing that moves loosely, or with a
jerk ; a short jerking motion ; the pendant or
bait for fishing ; the ball of a short pendulum ; a
mode of ringing.
BOB, v. i. To move loosely with jerking ; to fish for
eels with a bob ; v . t. to move with a jerking
action ; to cut short ; to mock.
BOB'BIN, TI. A small piece of wood on which
thread, is wound for making lace ; a spool.
BOB'STAY, n. A rope or chain to keep down the
bowsprit.
BOL
as K ; G as J ; 8 as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
BOB'TAIL, n. A tail shortened ; the rabble.
BOB'WIG, n. A short wig.
BOCK'ING, 7i. A kind of baize or drugget.
BODE, v. t. To presage ; to foreshow ; to portend ;
v . i. to foreshow ; to presage ; n. an omen ; a stop.
BOD'lCE (bod'is), n. A sort of stays for women.
BODIED (bod'id), a. Having a body.
BODILESS, a. Void of body ; spiritual.
BOD'I-LY, a. Of cr relating to the body.
BOD'I-LY, ad. Corporeally ; completely.
BOD'ING, a. Foreshowing ; presaging.
BOD'KIN, n. A pointed instrument for piercing
holes ; a large blunt needle.
BOD'Y, v. i. To produce in some form.
BOD'Y, 71. ; pi. BOD'IES. The whole trunk of an
animal or tree ; person ; matter opposed to spirit ;
main part ; mass ; spirit in liquors ; a system ; a
number of troops ; a corporation.
BOryY-LOTHES, n. pi. Clothing for the body or
for a horse.
BODT-GUARD, n. A guard of the person.
BOG, n. A fen or morass ; a clump of grass or sod
in a morass ; v. t. to plunge, as in mud.
BOG'GLE, v. i. To doubt; to hesitate; to stop;
v. t. to perplex.
BOG'GLER, 7;. One that doubts or hesitates.
BOG'GY, a. Marshy ; swampy ; fenny.
BO'GLE >
BOPT'TT 1 C n ' A spectxe $ a bugbear.
BOG'-ORE, n. Iron ore found in swamps and
marshes.
BOG'-SPAV-IN, n. An encysted tumour on the in-
side of ahorse' s hoof.
BpG'-TROT-TER, n. One who lives in a boggy
country.
BO-HEA' (bo-he'), n. A species of black tea.
BOI'AR. SeeBoY'AR.
BOIL, 7i. An angry, sore tumour.
BOIL, v. i. To be agitated by heat ; to be in boil-
ing water ; to effervesce ; v. t. to cook in boiling
water ; to seethe ; to prepare or affect by boiling.
BOILED (boild), pp. or a. Dressed in boiling
water ; subjected to the process of boiling.
BOIL'ER, 7i. A vessel in which anything is
boiled; a person who superintends boiling.
BOIL'ER-Y, 7i. A place for boiling salt.
BOIL'ING, ppr. or a. Dressing or cooking in hot
water ; bubbling ; 71. the act of boiling ; ebullition.
BOIL'ING-POINT, n. The temperature at which a
liquid boils.
BOIS'TER-OUS, a. Noting confused noise or vio-
lence. SYN. Turbulent; tumultuous; violent;
impetuous ; noisy ; stormy.
BOIS'TER-OUS-LY, ad. Violently; furiously.
BOIS'TER-OUS-NESS, . The state or quality of
being boisterous; turbulence; tumultuousness ;
disorder.
BOLD, a. Having or requiring courage or daring;
showing impudence ; standing out to view ; steep
or abrupt. SYN. Courageous ; brave ; fearless ;
valiant ; dauntless ; stout-hearted ; brazen-faced ;
prominent.
BOLD'-FACE, 71. An impudent, saucy person.
BOLD'LY, ad. In a bold manner ; impudently.
BOLD^NESS, 7i. Freedom from timidity, caution,
or distrust ; an excess of freedom ; impudence ;
steepness or prominence. SYN. Bravery; cour-
age; daring; intrepidity; hardihood; assurance.
BOLE, 7i. A measure of six bushels ; stem of a tree
or plant ; an earth viscid, soft, and friable.
BOLL (bole), n. A pod; a seed-vessel ; a measure.
BOLL, v. i. To seed, or form into a seed-vessel.
BO-LOG/-NA SAU'SAGE (bo-lo'na sau'saj), n. A
large sausage made of bacon, veal, and pork suet
chopped fine and inclosed in a case.
BOL'STER, n. A long under pillow ; a pad or sup-
BOL'STER, v. t. To support with a bolster ; to pad ;
to support ; to hold up.
BOLT, 71. A bar of a door ; dart ; an iron pin for
fastening ; lightning ; a piece of canvass of 26
ells. 4
BOL 50
1, fl, &c,, long. I, , &c., short. CA.RE, FAR, L.LST,
BOLT, v. t. To secure with a bolt ; to fasten ; to
sift ; to blurt out ; to throw in precipitately, as
food down one's throat ; to utter rashly ; v. i. to
spring out suddenly ; to start forth like a bolt or
arrow.
BOLT-ATJ-GEH, n. A large borer used in ship-
building.
BOLT'ER, n. An instrument for separating bran
from flour ; a kind of net.
BOLT'-HEAD (-hSd), n. A long glass vessel for
chemical distillations j called, also, a matrass or
receiver.
BOLT'-ROPE, n. The rope sewed to the edges of a
sail.
BOLT'SPEIT. See BOWSPRIT.
BG'LTJS, n. A soft mass of any thing medicinal,
made into a large pill.
BOMB (bum), n. A large iron shell filled with pow-
der to be sent from a mortar.
BOM'BARD, n. A short thick cannon. [Obs.]
BOM- BARD' (bum-bard'), v. t. To attack with
bombs thrown from mortars.
BOM-BARD-IER' (bum-bard-eer 7 ) , n. An officer
whose duty is to attend to the loading and firing
of mortars ; a bomb-engineer.
BOM-BARD'ME NT, n. An attack with bombs.
BOM'BAST (bum'bast), n. Fustian; inflation of
style.
BOM-BASTTG, a. Having hisrh-soundmg words.
BOM-BAST'IG-AL-LY, ad. With inflation of style.
BOM-BA-ZET' (bum-ba-zef), n. A kind of worsted
cloth.
BOM-BA-Z1NE' (bum-ba-zeen'), n. A twilled fabric
of silk and worsted.
BOM'BK!, a. Pertaining to the silk-worm.
BOM'-CHEST (bum'chest) , n. A chest for bombs.
BOMB'-KETCH (bum'-), ") n. A strong vessel carry-
BOMB'-VES'SEL, j ing mortars for throw-
ing bombs.
BOMB'-PROOF, a. Proof against the force of bombs.
BOMB'-SHELL, n. A bomb or hollow vessel filled
with gunpowder.
BOM-BtC'IN-OUS, o. Silken ; made of silk.
B&NA Fl'DE (bo'na fl-de), [L.] In good faith ;
really.
BON'BON (bong'bong), n. [Fr.] Sugar confectionery.
BOND, n. Any thing that binds; obligation or
deed ; cause of union ; connection.
BOND, v. t. To give bond for ; to secure by bond.
BOND, a. In a servile state ; enslaved ; bound.
BOND'AGE, n. Involuntary servitude. SYN.
Slavery; captivity; imprisonment; obligation.
BOND'ED, pp. or a. Secured by bond, as duties.
Bonded goods, those for the duties on which
bonds are given at the custom-house.
BONDMAID, n. A woman slave.
BOND'MAN, n. A man slave. $
BOND'SERV-ANT, n. A slave.
BOND'S ERV-ICE, n. A state of slavery.
BONDS'MAN, n. One who is bound, or who gives
security for another.
BOND'WOM-AN, n. A woman slave.
BONE, 71. The hard calcareous substance which
composes the frame of animal bodies ; a piece of
bone.
BONE, v. t. To take out bones from the flesh ; to
put whalebone into stays.
BONE'LACE, n. Coarse lace woven with bobbins.
BONE'-LESS, a. Without bones.
BONE'SET, n. A plant ; thoroughwort.
BONE'-SPAV-IN, n. A bony excrescence or hard
swelling on a horse's hoof. [joicing.
BON'FIRE, n. A fire made to express public re-
SON'MOT (bong'mo), n. [Fr.] A good word ; a witty
repartee; a jest.
BON'NET, n. A covering for the head, of very
variable form ; a part of a fortification ; an addi-
tion to a sail.
BON'NI-LY, ad. Prettily ; finely ; gayly.
BONTST, o. Handsome ; beautiful ; merry ; blithe-
some
BON'NY-eLAB-BER, n. Sour butter -milk.
BOP
FALL, WH.JLT ; THRE, TEEM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
BON'TON* (bSng'tSng'), n. [Fr.] Fashion ; height
of the fashion.
BO'NUS, n. A premium, as on a loan, or for a grant
or other privilege.
BON VI-VANT (bong ve-vang 7 ), n. [Fr.] A good
liver ; a jovial companion.
BO'NY, a. Full of bones ; strong ; stout.
BONZE, n. A Coodhist priest. '
BOO' BY, n. A dull fellow; a dunce ; a large bird
allied to the pelican.
BOO'BY-HUT. 7i. A kind of covered sleigh.
BOODH, or BUDDH (bood), n. In Eastern Asia, a
general name for the divinity.
BOODH'ISM (bood'izm), n. The religious system
of the worshippers of Boodh, as held in Burmah,
&c.
BOODH'IST, n. A believer in Boodhism.
BOOK, 7i. A printed composition bound ; any
volume, whether printed, written, or blank ; a
division of a composition or volume
BOOK, v. t. To enter in a book.
BQOK'-A-e-eOUNT', n. An account kept in a book.
BOOK'BIND-ER, n. One who binds books.
BOOK'BIND-ER-Y, n. A place for binding books.
BOOK'BlND-ING, n. The art of joining the sheets
of a book ; securing them with a cover.
BOOK'-GASE, n. A case for holding books.
BOOK'ISH, a. Much given to reading; deriving
knowledge rather from books than from observa-
tion and experience.
BQOK'ISH-NESS, n. Fondness for reading and
study.
BQOK'-KEEP-ER, n. One that keeps accounts.
BQOK'-KEEP-ING, n. The art of keeping accounts.
BOOK'-LEARN-ED (lern'ed) , a. Learned in books ;
well read.
BOOK'-LEARN-ING, n. Acquaintance with books ;
learning derived from books.
BOQK'-MAD-NESS, TU A rage for possessing
books ; bibliomania.
BOOK'-OATH, n. Oath made on the book or Bible.
BOOK'SEL-LER, n. A seller or dealer in books.
BQOK'-STALL, n. A stand or stall, usually in the
open air, for retailing books.
BOOK'WQRM (-warm), n. A close student ; a worm
that eats holes in books.
BOOM, n. A spar to extend a sail ; a chain or cable
across a river ; a hollow roar, as of waves.
BOOM, v. i. To move with full speed, as a ship
under all sail ; to swell ; to rush and roar, as waves;
to cry, as the bittern.
BOOIVT'ING, a. Rushing; roaring.
BOON, a. Gay ; merry ; pleasant ; cheerful.
BOON, 7i. A favour granted ; a gift ; present.
BOOR, 7i. An awkward and illiterate person. StN
Clown ; lout ; rustic.
BOOR'ISH, a. Clownish ; rustic ; roxigh.
BOOR'ISH-LY, ad. In a boorish manner.
BOOR'ISH-NESS, n. Clownishness ; rusticity.
BOOSE, 7i. A cattle-stall (obs.)
BOO'SY, a. A little intoxicated; fuddled.
BOOT, v. t. To profit ; to put on boots.
BOOT, 71. Profit; gain; advantage; that which
makes an exchange equal ; booty ; a covering
for the legs and feet ; part of a coach in front or
behind ; to boot, over and above.
BOOT-EE', 7i. A short boot.
BOOTH, 7i. A temporary shelter of boards or other
slight materials.
BOOT'-HOSE, n. Stocking-hose or spatterdashes,
in lieu of boots.
BOOT'JACK, n. An instrument for drawing off
boots.
BOOT'LESS, a. Unavailing ; unprofitable.
BOOT'LESS-NESS, n. State of being unavailing.
BOOTS, 71. pi. The servant at hotels who blacks
boots ; an instrument of torture.
BOOT' -TREE, n. An instrument to widen the leg
of a boot.
BOOT'Y, 71. Spoil taken in war or by force. STN,
Plunder; prey; pillage.
BO'PEEP, w. A play among children.
BOB t
3, WOLF, BOQK J B^LE, BULL } Vf 'CLOUS
BO-EAC'I-e (-ras'ik), a. Pertaining to or produced
from borax.
BOE'AGE (bur'aje), n. The name of a plant ; bu-
gloss.
BO'EAX, 7i. A salt used as a styptic, and in solder-
ing, &c. ; the biborate of soda.
BOE'DEE (20), 7i. The margin or outer edge of any
thing. SYN. Eim ; verge ; brink ; boundary.
BOE'DEE, v. t. To make a border ; to be contig-
uous to ; v. i. to touch or be adjacent to ; to
approach, with <m or upon.
BOE'DEE-ER, n. An inhabitant on the border.
BOEE, v. t. To penetrate or make a hole with an
auger or gimlet; to weary by iteration; v. i. to
make a hole in by an instrument that turns ;
to penetrate by boring.
BOEE, 7i. A hole made by boring ; the caliber of a
gun ; an influx of the tide into a river or strait ;
any person or thing tedious or wearisome.
BO'EE-AL, a. Northward ; toward the north.
BO'EE-AS, 7i. The north wind.
BOEE'-eOLE, 91. A species of cabbage.
BOE'EE, n. One who bores ; a gimlet ; a genus of
sea-worms that pierce wood.
BOE'ING, 7i. The act of perforating ; pi. the chips
produced by boring.
BOE'OUGH (bur'ro), n. A town incorporated with
certain privileges ; a place sending representatives
to parliament.
BOE'OUGH-MONG'GER, n. One who buys or sells
the patronage of boroughs.
BOE'EOW (bor'ro), v. t. To take by consent; to
use and return the same, or an equivalent ; to
take from the writings or sentiments of another ;
to assume or copy.
BOE'EOW-EE, 71. One who borrows or assumes.
BOSH, n. A dash ; nonsense.
BOSC'AGE, n. Wood ; underwood ; a representa-
tion of woods.
BOSKTT, a. Woody ; covered with thickets.
BO'SOM, 7i. The breast or its covering ; any recep-
tacle or inclosure ; tender affections.
BO'SOM, v. t. To put in the bosom. ->
BOSS, n. A stud ; knob ; raised work.
BOSS, n. (Dutch, baas). A master mechanic.
BOSS% a. Containing bosses ; ornamented.
BO-TAN'I-6, 1 a. Pertaining to botany or the
BO-TAN'I-e-ALJ description of plants.
BOT'A-NIST, 7i. A person skilled in plants.
BOT'A-NIZE, v. i. To collect specimens of the
vegetable kingdom.
BOT'A-NY, n. The branch of natural history that
treats of plants and their classification.
BOTCH, 7i. A swelling ; patchwork.
BOTCH, v. t. To mend clumsily ; to patch.
BOTCH'EE, n. A bungling sewer.
BOTH, a. Two considered by themselves ; applied
to persons, things, words, and members of sen-
tences. - [ofpoiTier.
BOTH'EE, 15. t. To perplex or tease a corruption
BOT'EY-OID, ) a. Having the form of a bunch
BOT-EY-OID'ALJ of grapes. [horses.
BOTS, n. pi. Small worms in the intestines of
BOTTLE, 7i. A vessel with a narrow neck for
liqtior ; a vial ; the quantity contained in a bot-
tle ; a bundle of hay.
BOTTLE, v. t. To put into bottles.
BOTTLED (bot'tld), a. Put or inclosed in a bottle.
BOTTLE-HOLiyEE, n. One who aids a boxer,
&c. ; giving him refreshments, &c., between the
rounds.
BOTTLE-SCEEW (-skru), n. A screw to draw
corks ; a cork-screw.
BOTTLING, 7i. The act of putting into bottles.
BOTTOM, 7i. The lowest part; a foundation or
support ; resources ; a valley ; a ship ; dregs.
BOTTOM, v. t. To ptit a bottom to ; to fix on, as a
support ; v. i. to rest upon as a support.
BOTTOM-LAND, n. Flat land adjoining rivers.
JBOTTOM-LESS, a. Having no bottom ; profound.
BOTTOM-BY. 7i. A borrowing of money, and
pledging a ship to secure the repayment.
I BOW
c as E j 6 as j ; sasz; CH as SH ; THIS,
BOUDOIR (boo'dwor), 71. [Fr.] A small private
room.
BOUGH (bou), n. A branch of a tree.
BOU-GIE' (boo-zhe'), 71. A wax candle ; a surgical
instrument.
BOUWLON (bool'yong), n. [Pr.] Broth ; soup.
BOUL'DEE, 7i. In geology, a rounded, or water-
worn block of stone, found in the Drift-formation.
BOUNCE, v. i. To leap; to spring; to rebound;
to boast.
BOUNCE, n. A leap ; kick ; sudden noise j a heavy
blow; a boastful lie.
BOUN'CEE, n. A boaster ; a bold lie.
BOUND, n. Boundary; limit; a leap; a spring;
a rebound.
BOUND, v. t. To set bounds to; to limit; to
cause to bound ; to mention the boundaries of.
SYN. To restrain ; confine ; circumscribe.
BOUND, v. i. To leap; to spring; to fly back; to
move forward by leaps.
BOUND, a. Destined ; tending or going to.
BOUND'A-EY, n. A visible mark designating a
limit ; limit ; mark ; restraint.
BOUND'EN, a. Eequired ; necessary.
BOUND'LESS, a. Without bound; unconfined ;
unlimited.
BOUND'LESS-NESS, n. Being without limit.
BOUNTE-OUS, a. Disposed to give freely. SYN.
Bountiful ; liberal ; munificent.
BOUN TE-OUS-LY, ad. Liberally ; generously.
BOUNTE-OUS-NESS, n. Liberality ; generosity ;
munificence ; kindness ; goodness.
BOUNTI-FUL, a. Free to give ; liberal ; generous,
BOUNTI-FUL-LY, ad. Liberally ; generously.
BOUNTI-FUL-NESS, n. Generosity in giving.
BOUN'TY, 7i. Liberality in giving ; a premium to
encourage some object. SYN. Munificence; gene-
rosity ; beneficence ; kindness.
BOU-QUET' (boo-ka'), n. A bunch of flowers.
BOUE-GEOIS' (bur-jois'), n. A small kind of print-
ing types, between long primer and brevier.
BOUEJN (borne or boorne), n. A limit or bound.
BOURSE (boorse), n. [Pr.] The exchange.
BOUSE, ) v. i. To drink freely, or in a coarse, vul-
BOOSE, j gar manner.
BOUT, 7i. A turn; a trial ; the part of any process
performed at one time ; an attempt.
BO'VlNE, a. Pertaining to cattle of the ox kind.
BOW, v. t. To bend down ; to depress ; to subdue;
v. i. to stoop ; to bend in reverence.
BOW, 7i. Act of bending in civility ; the rounding
part of a ship's side forv,
BOW (bo) , 7i. An instrument to shoot arrows ; a
similar instrument for turning drills, &c. ; a fid-
dle-stick ; any thing in the form of a curve.
BOWELS, n. Parts within the body ; the intes-
tines ; the interior; tenderness; compassion.
BO WEE, 7i. A shady recess formed of boughs in-
tertwined ; any shady retreat ; a chamber ; an ar-
bour ; an anchor.
BO WEE- Y, a. Full of bowers ; shady.
BOWIE-KNIFE (bo'e-nlfe), n. A long knife or
dagger used in America.
BOWL (bole), 7i. A hemispherical or bell-shaped
vessel ; the hollow part of any thing.
BOWL, 7i. A ball of wood used for play on a level
spot of ground.
ROWL, v. i. To play with bowls ; to roll as a bowl.
BOWLEGGED (-18gd), a. Having crooked legs.
BOWLEE, 7i. One who plays at bowls.
BOWLINE (bolin), . A rope to hold a sail cl^e
to the wind.
BOWL'ING, 7i. The act of throwing bowls.
BOWL'ING-GEEEN, n. A green for bowlers.
BOWSED v. i. In seaman's language, to pull together,
or pull hard.
BOW-SHOT, 7i. The distance to which an arrow
may be shot.
BOW'SPEIT, n. A large spar projecting over a
ship's stem.
BOW- STRING, n. A string used for a bow.
BOWYEE, 71. One who makes or uses a bow.
BOX
52
BRA
1, i, &c., long. I, fi, &c., s7w>rt. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
BOX, n. A tree ; a case or coffer ; a seat in a play
house or public room ; a blow on the ear ; a cylin
der for an axle-tree ; the quantity in a box.
BOX, v. t. .To put in a box ; to strike with the
hand, especially the ear or side of the head ; t<
boa; the compass, to rehearse the points of the com
pass in order.
BOX, v. i. To combat with the fist.
BOX'-COAT, 7i. An overcoat first worn by coach
men.
BOX'EN (bSk'sn), a. Made of box-wood ; like box.
BOX'EE, n. One who fights with the fist.
BOX'-HAUL, v. t. To veer a ship in a particular
BOXING, n. The art of striking or fighvxg with
the fist.
BOY, n. A male child ; lad ; youth.
BOY'HOQD, n. State or condition of a boy.
BOY'ISH, a. Like a boy ; childish : trifling.
BOY'ISH-LY, ad. Childishly ; foolishly ; idly.
BOY'lSH-NESS, } 7i. Manners of a boy; childish-
BOY'ISM, $ ness.
BEAB'BLE, v. i. To clamour.
BEA-G'-GATE, o. Having feathers which descend
to and cover the feet.
BEACE, n. That which holds any thing in position ;
a diagonal piece to strengthen a frame ; a strap or
bandage ; a pair ; a line or bracket in music ; the
connective character (^*~\) used in printing j
tightness.
BEACE, v. t. To bind ; to tie ; to tighten.
BEACE'LET, n. An ornament for the wrist.
BEA'CEE, n. That which makes tight ; an astrin-
BRAH'I-AL (brack'e-al), a. Belonging to the arm.
BRACHMAN. See BRAHMIN.
BEA-eHYGTEA-PHY, n. Short-handwriting.
BEACH, n. A bitch hound.
BEACK'ET. 7i. A small projecting support; pi.
hooks, thus [ ], for inclosing words.
BEACK'ISH, a. Saltish ; salt ; like sea-water.
BRACK'ISH-NESS, 11. A saltish taste or quality.
BRA-GT, n. In botany, a leafy appendage to the
flower or stalk.
BEAD, 7i. A thin nail without a head.
ERAE, n. [Scot.] A hill, or hilly ground.
BRAG, v. i. To boast; to swagger; to pull; fol-
lowed by of.
BEAG. 71. A boast or boasting; a game at cards.
BEAG-GA-DO'CIO (-do'sho), n. A bragger; vain
boaster.
BEAG'GAED-ISM, n. Boastfulness.
BEAG'GAET, a. Boastful ; vainly ostentatious.
BBAGOER*' } n ' A boaster ' a vain feUow '
BEAG'GING, n. Boastful language.
BEAH'MA (bra'ma), n. The first person in the
Trinity of the Hindoos ; the Creator.
BEAH'MIN, n. One of the highest or sacerdotal
caste in India.
BEAID, v. t. To weave together ; t9 plait ; to fold.
BEAID, 7i. A texture formed by braiding ; a sort of
trimming for dresses.
BE AIL (brale), n. In navigation, ropes passing
through pulleys used in furling sails.
BRAIL, v. t. To truss up with the brails; used
with up.
BE AIN (brane) , n. Soft substance within the skull,
in which the nerves and spinal marrow terminate;
theseat of sensation and intellect.
BEHEST, v. t. To dash out the brains.
BEAIN'LESS, a. Destitute of thought ; silly.
BRAIN'-PAN, 7i. The skull containing the brains.
BEAIN'-SlCK, a. Diseased in the understanding.
BEAIT, 7i. A rough diamond.
BEAKE, n. A thicket of shrubs or brambles; a
kind of fern ; instrument for dressing flax ; handle
of a pump or engine ; a contrivance to stop car-
riages or cars by pressing on the wheels.
BEAKE'MAN, n. One whose business it is to
manage the braki in railroad carriages.
BEAKTf, a, Prickly rough j thorny,
FALL, WHAT ; TH&KE, TiRM ; MARIKS, 3lED ;
BEAM'BLE, n. A very prickly shrub.
BEAM'IN, 7i. See BRAHMIN.
BRA-MtN're-AL, a. Pertaining to the Bramins.
BRAM'IN-ISM, 71. The religion of the Bramins.
BEAN, n. The outer coats of wheat, rye, &c., sept*
rated from the flour by bolting.
BRANCH (6), 7i. A limb ; a bough ; the shoot of a
tree or plant from the main stem, or from another
branch ; a stream entering a larger one ; a division
of a subject, &c. ; offspring.
BRANCH, -u. i. To divide into shoots or distinct
parts ; to ramify ; to fork ; v. t. to divide, as into
branches ; to make subordinate divisions.
BEANdH'I-O-POD (brank'-), n. A species of mi-
nuie crustaceans having gill-bearing legs.
BEANCH'LESS, o. Having no branches ; naked.
BEANCH'LET, n. The division of a branch ; a little
branch.
BRANCHTT, a. Full of branches.
BEAND, i?. t. To mark with a brand ; to stigma-
tize.
BRAND, n. A burnt or burning piece of wood ; an
iron to burn in a mark ; the character or mark
burnt ; a stigma.
BEAND'-GOOSE, n. The brant, or brent.
BRAN'DLED (bran'did), o. Mingled with brandy.
BEAND'ING-I-EON, ") , - . ( n. An iron to
BRAND'-I-RON, ')(*),{ brand with.
BRANDISH, v. t. To wave ; to shake ; to flour-
ish, as a weapon.
3EANDTSH, 7i. A flourish, as of a sword.
BEAND'ISH-EE, n. One who brandishes or flour-
ishes.
BEAND'LING, n. A kind of worm. [fire.
BEAND'-NEW, o. Quite new, as if fresh from the
BEAN'DY, n. An ardent spirit distilled from wine,
cider, or fruit.
BEAN^'GLE ^brang'gi;, n. A wrangle; brawl;
scuabble.
BRANG'GLE, v. i. To wrangle ; to dispute.
BRANK, n. Buck-wheat ; a bridle for scolds.
BRAN'LIN, n. A fish of the salmon kind.
BRANT, n. A wild-fowl of the goose kind.
BEA'SIEE (bra'zher), n. One who works in brass;
a pan for coals.
JRASS (6), n. An alloy of copper and zinc, of a
yellow colour ; impudence ; a brazen face.
BRASS' BAND, 7v. A company of musicians who
perform on instruments of brass.
ERASST-NESS, a. The quality or appearance of
brass.
BEASSTT, a. Made of brass ; partaking of brass ;
hard as brass ; like brass.
JEAT, 7i. A child ; progeny ; used 1 n contempt.
JEA-VA'DO, 7i. A boast ; an arrogant menace ; a
boasting fellow.
JEAVE, o. Fearless of danger ; noble in appear-
ance; showy in dress. SYN. Courageous; valiant;
gallant; bold; intrepid; dauntless.
JEAVE, n, A hector ; bully ; an Indian warrior.
SEAVE, v. t. To encounter with firmness ; to defy ;
to carry a boasting appearance of.
BEAVE'LY, ad. Gallantly ; generously.
BEAVEE-Y, 7i. Undaunted boldness ; readiness
to face danger (in the sense of show, obs.). SYN.
Courage; intrepidity; heroism; audacity. Cour-
age (from cor, heart), is that firmness of spirit
which meets danger without fear ; bravery defies
or braves it, and shows itself in outward acts ; au-
dacity is bravery running into rashness.
BRA'VO, 7i. A daring villain ; an assassin.
BRAVO, interj. Well done.
BRAWL, v. t. To drive or beat away.
BRAWL, v. i. To make a great noise ; to scold ; to
quarrel noisily.
BRAWL, 7i. Noisy contention ; a squabble; a great
noise.
BRAWL'EE, n. A wrangler ; a noisy person.
BRAWL'ING, 7i. The act of quarrelling.
BEAWL'ING, a. Noisily quarrelsome.
BRAWN, n. A boar's flesh ; a muscular part ; tJ>*
arm,
BRA
BRI
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BULL J Vf'CIOUS. 6 OS K ; 6 as J J S as Z J CH as SH ; THIS.
BEAWN'I-NESS, n. Great strength; firmness;
hardiness.
BRAWNT, a. Having large, strong muscles ;
fleshy ; bulky ; strong ; firm.
BEAT, v. t. To pound ; to beat in a mortar.
BEAT, . t. To make a loud harsh noise or cry.
BRAY, n. The loud harsh cry of an ass.
BRAY'EE, n. One who brays; an instrument to
temper printer's ink.
BRAY'ING, a. Crying as an ass ; n. the noise of an
ass.
BRAZE, v. t. To cover or solder with brass or a
brazen alloy ; to harden morally.
BEA'ZEN (bra'zn), a. Made of brass ; pertaining
to brass ; impudent ; brazen age, a degenerate age ;
in mythology, the age after the silver age.
BRA'ZEN (bra'zn), v. i. To be impudent ; to bully.
BEA'ZEN-FAC.ED (-faste), a. Impudent; shame-
less; bold.
BEA'ZEN-LY (bra'zn-ly), ad. In a bold, impudent
manner.
BEA'ZIEE. See BRASIER.
BEA-ZtL'-WOOD, n. A wood from Brazil used in
dyeing red.
BEA'ZING, n. The act of uniting by an alloy of
brass and zinc.
BEEACH (breech), n. An opening ; a difference or
quarrel ; a breaking in upon. SYX . Eent ; chasm;
gap ; cleft ; disruption ; infraction ; violation ;
misunderstanding ; separation.
BEEACH (breech), v. t. To make a breach or open-
ing-
BEE AD (brM), n. Food made of flour or meal;
provisions in general ; maintenance.
BEEAD / -!OEN (br6d'-), n. Wheat, rye, or other
grain used for bread.
BEEAD'-FEUIT-TREE (brSd'-), n. A tropical tree
whose fruit is excellent for food.
BEEAD'-STtJFF, n. [U.S.] That of which bread is
made ; bread-corn.
BEEADTH (bredth), n. Extent from side to side ;
width.
BREAK (brake), v. t. [pret. BROKE (and brake, obs.) ;
pp. BROKE, BROKEN.] To part by force ; to rend
apart ; to dash to pieces ; to tame ; to impair or
ruin ; to violate ; to make bankrupt ; to discard
or cashier.
BREAK, v. t. To part ; to divide in two ; to burst ;
to become bankrupt ; to dawn, as the day ; to
fall out ; to decline in health. To breafc aieay, to
disengage from ; to disappear, as clouds. To
break in, to enter by force ; to intrude. To breafc
out, to issue forth ; to appear, as an eruption.
BEEAK (brake), n. An opening; interruption;
breach ; failure : breafc of day, first light of day.
BEEAK'AGE (brake'-), n' A breaking, or allow-
ance for things broken in transportation, or use.
BREAK'EE (brake'-), n. One that breaks ; a rock
by which waves are broken ; a wave broken by
rocks or shoals.
BEEAK'FAST (brSk'fast), n. The first meal in the
day.
BEEAK'FAST (brSk'fast), v. i. To eat the first meal
hvthe day.
BEEAK'MAN", n. See BRAKEMAN.
BREAK'NECK, n. A steep and dangerous place.
BREAK'NECK, a. Endangering the neck or life.
BREAK'WA-TER, n. A mole or other thing laid
at the entrance of a harbour to break the force of
the waves.
ItEEAM, 7i. A fish living in lakes and deep water.
BEEAM (breme), v. t. To cleanse a ship's bottom
by fire.
BEE AST (brSst), n. Part of the body next below
the neck ; the bosom ; the heart ; conscience.
BEE AST (brest), v. t. To meet in front and oppose.
BEEAST'-EONE, n. The bone of the breast.
BEE AST-KNOT (br5st'-not), n. A knot of ribbons
worn on the breast.
BEEAST-PlN (brgstf-), n. An ornamental pin
fixed in the linen near the breast ; also called a
brooch.
BEEAST'-PLATE (brSst'-plate), n. Armourforthe
breast ; a folded piece of cloth worn by the Jewish
high-priest.
BEEAST'-PLOW, ) n. A kind of spade for cut-
BEEAST-PLOUGHJ ting turf driven by the
breast.
BEEASr-WHEEL, n. A water-wheel that receives
the water at about half its height.
BEEAST-WOEK (brSst'-wurk), n. In fortification,
a work thrown up for defence ; a parapet.
BEEATH (brSth), 7V. Air respired; a single respir-
ation ; a breeze ; respite ; rest ; ease ; time to
breathe ; a single moment ; instant.
BEEATH'A-BLE (bree'tha-bl), a. That may be
breathed.
BREATHE, v. t. To respire ; to infuse by breath,
ing, with into ; to exhale ; to give vent ; to utter
silently ; to make to sound ; v. i. to inhale and
exhale air ; to live ; to take breath or rest ; to
move as air.
BEEATH'ING, n. Eespiration; aspiration; vent.
BEEATH'ING-PLACE, )n. A pause; relaxation:
BREATH'ING-TlME, f rest.
BREATH'LESS (brfithless), a. Out of breath;
spent with labour ; dead.
BEEATH'LESS-NESS (br&W-), n. The state of
being exhausted of breath.
BRECCIA (brgk'sha), n. A rock made up of angu<
lar fragments cemented together.
BEE-6'CIA-TED, a. Consisting of angular frag-
ments cemented together.
BEEECH, 71. The lower part of the body behind;
the thick end of cannon or other fire-arms.
BEEECH, v. t. To put in breeches; to furnish
with breeching.
BEEECH'ES (brich'ez), n. A garment worn by
men, covering the lower part of the body; to v:ear
the breeches, to usurp authority over a husband.
BEEECH'ING (brich'ing), n. A strong rope to a
cannon to prevent its recoiling ; the hinder part
of harness.
BREED, v. t. [pret. and pp. BRED.] To generate ;
to hatch ; to raise or bring up ; to multiply ; to
cause to multiply ; v. i. to produce ; to be preg-
nant ; to be generated ; to be increased by new
production.
BREED, 71. A race from the same stock; a kind;
offspring; progeny.
BEEED'ER n. One that breeds or brings up.
BEEED'IN G, n. A bringing up ; education ; man-
ners.
BEEEZE, 7i. A gentle wind ; a stinging fly. f
BEEEZE'LESS, a. Having no breeze ; calm.
BEEEZ'Y, a. Fanned or fanning with gales.
BEETH'EEN, n., pi, of BROTHER.
BREVE, 7i. A note in music equal to two semi-
breves ; a writ.
BEE-VET', 71. A commission giving rank without
pay or without command.
BRE'VI-A-EY, 7i. A Eoman Catholic priest's office-
book ; an abridgment ; epitome.
BEE-VIEE' (-veer 7 ), 71. A small kind of printing
letter, between bourgeois and minion.
BEE-VIL'O-QUENCE, n. A brief mode of speak-
ing.
BEEV'I-PED, a. Having short legs.
BEEV'I-TY, 7i. Shortness ; conciseness ; despatch.
BEEW ("hru), v. t. To boil or make beer or other
liquor from malt, &c., by steeping and fermenta-
tion ; to contrive ; to plot ; v. i. to perform the
business of brewing ; to be in a gathering or form-
ing state.
BEE WAGE (bru'aje), n. Malt liquor ; a mixture.
BEE WEE (bru'er), n. One who brews, or whose
business is that of brewing.
BEEWER-Y, 71. A house for brewing.
BEE WING (bru'ing), n. The act of making malt
liquors ; the liquor brewed ; the quantity brewed
at once.
BEEWIS (bru'is), n. Broth ; bread soaked in pot-
tage.
BEI'AE. See BBIER.
BRI 6
I, S, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
BRl-A'RE-AN, a . Many-handed. From Briareus, a
fabulous monster who had a hundred hands.
BRIBE, n. A gift to pervert the judgment or con-
duct ; that which seducea.
BRIBE, v. t. To influence or corrupt by gifts.
BRIB'ER, n. One that gives bribes.
BRlB'ER-Y, n. The act or crime of bribing, or of
giving or taking rewards for corrupt practices.
BRICK, n. Clay with sand and water, shaped in a
mould and hardened ; a loaf shaped like a brick.
BRlCK, v, t. To lay with bricks.
BRICK, a. Made or built of bricks.
BRlCK'BAT, n. A broken part of a brick.
BRICK'- DtTST, n. Dust of pounded brick.
BRICK'-KILN (-kil), n. A kiln for burning brick.
BRICK'-LAY-ER, n. A mason who builds with
bricks.
BRICK'-MAK-ER, n. One who makes bricks.
BRICK'- WORK, n. The laying of bricks ; the part
of a structure made of bricks.
BRID'AL, a. Belonging to marriage or to a bride.
BRID'AL, n. The nuptial festival.
BRIDE, n. A woman newly married or at her
wedding ; originally, also, a woman espoused.
BRIDE'-GAKE, n. Cake distributed at a wedding.
BRIDE'-CHAM-BER, n. The nuptial apartment.
BRIDE'GROOM, n. A man newly married or about
to be married.
BRIDE'MAID, n. A woman who attends on a bride
at marriage.
BRIDE'MAN. n. A man who attends a bridegroom
and bride at their marriage.
BRlDE'WELL, n. A house of correction for dis-
orderly persons.
BRIDGE, n. A structure on which to pass over
water; something analogous to a bridge, as the
support for the strings of a violin ; the upper part
of the nose, &c.
BRIDGE (bridj), v. t. To form a Bridge 6?er.
.bRr'DLE, n. An instrument to restrain or govern
a horse ; a restraint ; a curb.
BRFDLE, v. t. To put on a bridle ; to restrain ;
r. i. to hold up the head ; to show pride or spirit.
BRI'DLE-PATH, ) n. A path for travellers on
BRI'DLE-WAY, j horseback.
BRID-OON', n. A light snaffle in addition to the
principal bit, having a distinct rein.
BRIEF, a. Confined within narrow limits. SYN.
Short ; limited ; concise ; succinct ; summary ;
compendious ; laconic.
BRIEF (breef ), n. A concise writing; a kind of
writ, direction, or precept - t also an abridgment
Qt a client's cause.
BRIEF'LESS, a. Having no briefs, as a lawyer
without clients.
BRIEF'LY (breefly), ad. Shortly; concisely; in
few words.
BRIEF'NESS, n. Shortness ; conciseness.
BRI'ER, n. A very prickly shrub.
BRI'ER-Y, a. Full of briers ; rough ; prickly.
BRlG, n. A vessel with two masts, square-rigged.
BRIG-ADE', n. The troops tinder a brigadier, con-
sisting of several battalions.
BRIG-ADE', v. t. To form into brigades.
BRIG-ADE'-MA'JOR, n. An officer to assist in the
management of a brigade.
BRIG-A-DIER', ") n. An officer com-
BRIG-A-DlR'-GfiN'ER-AL, 5 inanding a brig-
ade, whether of horse or foot.
BRlG'AND, n. A robber ; a freebooter.
BRIG'AND-AGE, n. Robbery; plunder.
BRlG'AN-DlNE, n,. A coat of mail.
BRlG'AN-TlNE, n. A brig, or small brig.
BRIGHT (brite), a. Full of light; brilliancy; full
of promise; of superior talents. SYN. Shining;
clear; evident; resplendent; sparkling.
BRIGHT'EN (brl'tn), v. t. To make bright; to
polish ; to cheer, or make cheerful ; to make il-
lustrious, acute, or witty.
BRIGHT'EN, v. i. To grow bright ; to become
more cheerful ; to be less gloomy.
BRIGHT'LY, ad. In a bright manner : with lustre.
4 BRO
PALL, WHAT; THERE, TRM; MARINE, B!RD; HOVB,
BRIGHTNESS, n. Lustre ; splendour ; acuteness
BRlLL'IAN-CY, n. Sparkling lustre. SYN. Splen.
dour ; radiance ; glitter.
BRlLL'IANT (bril'yant), a. Shining; sparkling
with lustre ; splendid.
BRlLL'IANT, n. A diamond of the finest cut.
BRILL'IANT-LY (bril'yant-ly), ad. In a brilliant
manner.
BRIM, n. The edge, lip, or rim of a vessel or thing ;
the top of any liquor ; edge or bank.
BRlM'FUL, a. Full to the brim or top.
BKIM'MER, n. A bowl full to the top.
BRlM'MLNG, a. Full to the very brim.
BRlM'STONE, n. A yellow mineral ; sulphur.
BRlND'ED, \a. Streaked; spotted;
BRlND'LED (brin'dld),j having different colours.
BRIN'DLE,, n. Variegated colour ; spottedness.
BRINE, . Water impregnated with salt ; the
ocean or sea ; tears. [tion.
BRINE'-PAN, n. A pit of salt water for evapora-
BRlNE'-PlT, n. A salt spring or well.
BRING, v. t. [pret. and pp. BROUGHT.] To bear to
or nearer ; to fetch ; to reduce to any state ; to
induce ; to conduct or drive ; to produce. To
bring put, to expose ; to bring under, to subdue ;
to bring up, to nurse ; to bring doicn, to huna'ole ;
to bring to, in navigation, to check the course of
a ship.
BRIN'ISH, a. Having the taste of brine; some-
what salt ; like brine.
BRINK, n. The edge or limit of some deep place,
as a precipice. 1 SYN. Verge ; border ; side.
BRIN'Y, a. Consisting of brine ; like brine.
BRISK, a. Full of life and spirit. SYN. Quick y
lively? jovial; nimble; vigorous; prompt.
BRISK'ET, n. Part o.f the breast next the ribs.
BRISK'LY, a. In ah active, lively manner.
BRlSK'NESS, n. Activeness; quickness; HveE-
ness ; vivacity.
BRISK UP, v. t. To make lively ; to animate.
BRISK UP, v. i. To gather life and spirit ; to take
a bold attitude.
BRlS'TLE (bris'sl), n. The stiff hair of swine or
other animals ; a hairy pubescence on plants.
BRlS'TLE (bris'sl), v.'i. To raise up the bristles ;
to strut, as in defiance ; to be erect as bristles ;
v. t. to erect in bristles ; to erect in defiance, as
to bristle the crest ; to fix a bristle to.
BRlST'LING, a. Standing erect and thick, like
bristles, as bristling bayonets.
BRIST'LY (bris'ly), a. Set thick with bristles or
with hairs like bristles ; rough.
BRI-TAN'NI-A, n. A metallic compound, chiefly of
tin, antimony, bismuth, and lead.
I'.RI-TAN'NI-G, a. Pertaining to Britain, but pre-
fixed chiefly to the word Majesty.
BRIT'ISH, a. Pertaining to Great Britain or its
inhabitants.
BRIT'ISH, n. The people of Great Britain.
BRlT'ON, n. A native of Britain ; British.
BRlT'TLE, a. Apt to break; not tough. SYN.
Fragile or frail.
BRlT'TLE-NESS.n. Aptness to break ; opposed to
toughness.
BR1TZ 'SKA (bris'ka) , n. A kind of Ion g barouche.
BROACH, n. A spit; bodkin; start of a young
stag ; a clasp to fasten the vest. See BROOCH.
BROACH, v. t. To tap ; to pierce, as with a spit j
to utter ; to enter upon, or make public. To
broach to (Naut.), to incline suddenly and involun-
tarily to windward till the sails are aback.
BROACH'ER, n. A spit ; one that broaches, com-
mences, or first publishes.
BROAD (brawd), a. Extended from side to side;
hence, wide or unrestrained; indelicate, as hu-
mour. SYN. Large; ample; comprehensive;
coarse; vulgar.
BROAD'-CAST (brawd'-), . A scattering of seed
widely; a. cast or dispersed upon the ground with
the hand.
BROADCAST, ad. By scattering or throwing at
large from the hand.
BRO
BRU
DOVE, WOLF, BQ9K ; R^LE, BULL ; vl"cious. e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
BROAD'-GLOTH, n. A kind of woollen cloth, so
called from its breadth.
BROAD'EN (braw'dn), v. t. To make broad.
BROAD'EN, v. i. To grow broad.
BROAD'ISH, a. Somewhat broad.
BROAD'LY, ad. In a broad manner.
BROAD'NESS, n. Width ; extent from side to side ;
in language, grossness ; indelicacy.
BROAD'PIECE, n. Name of the gold twenty shil-
ling piece in the reign of James I. and Charles I.
BROAD'-SEAL, n. The great public seal of a na-
tion, state, or country.
BEOAD'SlDE, n. The entire side of a ship ; a dis-
charge of all the guns on one side of a ship at
once ; a large sheet of paper printed on one side,
to be stuck up. [broad blade.
BEOAD'SWOED (brawd'sord), n. A sword with a
BROAD/WISE, ad. In the direction of the breadth.
BEO-ADE', n. Silk stuff variegated with gold and
silver, or enriched with flowers.
BEO-AD'ED, a. Woven or worked as brocade ;
dressed in brocade.
BEO'-GAGE. See BROKERAGE.
BEO'A-TEL, n. A cloth woven with flowers like
brocade, but partly of linen or cotton.
BEO'O-Ll (brok'o-ly),TO. A species of cauliflower.
BROCK, n. A name of the badger.
BEOCK'ET, n. A red deer two years old.
BEO'GANS, n. pi. Stout coarse shoes.
BEOGUE, n. A coarse shoe ; a cant word for a
corrupt dialect or pronunciation.
BEOID'EE, v. t. To adorn with needlework.
BEOID'EE-Y, n. Embroidery; needlework.
BEOIL, n. A noisy quarrel ; state of discord.
SYN. Feud; affray; contention; dissension; al-
tercation ; tumult.
EEOIL, v. t. To dress or cook over coals, or on a
gridiron ; v. i. to be acted on by heat, as meat
over coals ; to be greatly heated.
BEOILED (broild), a. Dressed by heat over coals.
BEOIL'ER, n. He or that which broils.
BEOIL'ING, n. A cooking over coals.
BROKE, v. i. To transact business for another.
BRO'KEN (bro'kn), a. Parted by violence; rent
asiinder; made bankrupt ; infirm.
BEO'KEN-HEAET'ED, a. Crushed with grief;
greatly depressed in spirits.
BEO'KEN-NESS, n. A state of being broken.
BEO'KEN-WlND'ED, a. Having short breath, as
a horse.
BRO'KER, n. An agent in certain commercial
transactions, who does biisiness for others.
BEO'KEE-AGE, n. The commission or fee of a
broker ; the occupation of a broker.
BRO'MlNE (bro'min), n. An elementary substance
found in sea water.
BEONH'I-A, ") n. pi. The ramifications of the
BEON-GH'I, j windpipe in the lungs.
BEONH'I-AL (bronk'e-al), a. Belonging to the
ramifications of the windpipe in the lungs.
BEONH-ITIS (bronk-), n. An inflammation of
some part of the bronchial membrane.
BEONH'O-CELE (br3nk'o-sele) , n. A tumour on
the throat, called also goiter.
BEON<3H-OT'O-MY, n. An incision in the wind-
BRONCH'US,n. [Gr.] The windpipe.
BRONZE or BRONZE, n. A compound of copper
and tin, sometimes with other metals ; the colour
'iize ; relief or statue cast in bronze.
BRONZE or BEONZE, v. t. To give the colour or
appearance of bronze to : to harden like bronze.
BEONZED (bronzd), a. Made to resemble bronze ;
browned.
BEONZ'ING, n. The art of imitating bronze.
BEOOCH (brochc), n, A bosom buckle or pin; a
jewel.
BROOD, n. Offspring ; the young hatched at once;
that which is bred or produced.
BROOD, v. i. To sit and cover, as a fowl over her
eggs or young ; to muse, or be in anxious thought;
, t, to cover, as a fowl ; to cherish.
BROQK, TO. A small natural stream ; a rivulet.
BROOK, v. t. To endure ; to submit to ; to stiffer.
BEOOK'LET, TO. A small brook.
BROOM, TO. A kind of shrub ; a besom, or instru-
ment for sweeping.
BROOMM30RN, TO. A plant used for the brushes of
brooms.
BROOM'STICK, TO. The handle of a broom.
BROOM'Y, a. Full of broom ; like broom.
BROTH (20), TO. Liquor in which flesh is boiled.
BROTH'EL, n. A house of ill-fame.
BROTH'ER (bruth'er), TO. ; pi. BROTH'ERS or
BRETH'REN. A male born of the same parents ;
one of the same race ; any one closely united ; ay
associate.
BROTH'ER-HOOD (bruth'er), TO. The quality oi
being a brother ; fraternity; a society j a class of
men of the same kind or profession. [ing.
BROTH'ER-LY (bruth'er-), a. Like brothers ; lov-
BROW (brou), TO. The forehead ; the edge or ele-
vated side.
BROWBEAT, v. i. To bear down with insulting
sternness or arrogant assertion.
BROW'BEAT-ING, n. The act of overbearing by
sternness or arrogant assertion. .
BROWN, a. Of a dark or reddish colour.
BROWN, TO. The name of a reddish colour, result-
ing from a mixture of black, red, and some other
colour that gives variety of shade.
BROWN, v. t. To make brown ; v. i. to become
brown.
BROWN'IE, TO. In Scotland, an imaginary kindly
spirit that haunts houses.
BEOWN'ISH, a. Inclined to a brown co^r.
BEOWN'NESS, n. The quality of being brown.
HROWN'-STOUT, TO. A kind of porter.
BEOWN'-STUD-Y, TO. Meditation directed to no
particular object ; gloomy reverie.
BROWSE (brouze), v. t. To eat the ends of branch-
es, or the shoots of trees or shrubs ; v. i. to feed
on the shoots or branches of trees or shrubs.
BROWSE (brouse), TO. The twigs of shrubs and
trees.
BKIJ'IN, TO. A name given to a bear.
BRUISE (31), v. t. To hurt with blows ; to crush or
mangle with something blunt.
BRUISE, TO. A hurt on the flesh by something blunt ;
a contusion.
BRUISED (bruzd), pp. or a. Hurt with a blunt
instrument ; broken ; crushed.
BRUIS'ER, TO. In vulgar language, a boxer.
BEClS'ING, TO. A boxing or beating ; a crashing.
BRUIT (brute), TO. [Fr.] Report; rumour; fame;
. t. to report ; to noise abroad.
BEtlTMAL, a. Of or belonging to winter.
BRU-NETTE', TO. A woman of a brown complexion.
BRUNT, TO. The worst or hottest part or portion.
SYN. Shock; stroke; attack; onset.
BRUSH, TO. An instrument of bristles, &c., for
sweeping, dusting, painting, &c. ; brisk attack ;
tail ; shrubs ; lopped branches of trees.
BRUSH, v. t. To rub with a brush ; to strike or
pa ss over slightly ; with off, to remove by brush-
ing ; v. i. to move nimbly or in haste ; to pass over
with slight contact.
BRUSH'ING, TO. A rubbing with a brush.
BRUSH'WQOD, TO. Low wood ; underwood.
BRUSH'Y, a, Like a brush ; shaggy.
B RUSTLE (brus'sl), v. i. To crackle ; to vapour:
to bully.
BEU'TAL, a. Pertaining to or like a brute. SYN.
Savage ; cruel ; inhuman ; vile.
BEU-TAL'I-TY, TO. Savageness ; beastliness.
BEU'TAL-IZE, v. t. To make brutal, churlish, or
inhuman ; v. i. to grow or become brutal.
BEU'TAL-LY, ad. Cruelly ; inhumanly ; rudely.
BRUTE (31), TO. A beast; an animal destitute of
reason ; a vile, unfeeling, or brutal person.
Bl'^TE, o. Senseless; irrational; bestial.
ULL TI-FY, v. t. To make brutish.
BRUTISH, a. Resembling a beast. STN. Igno-
rant ; cruel ; inhuman ; bestial
BRU
56
BUM
1, fi, Ac., long. 1, , &c., sTiort. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
BEft/TISH-LY, ad. In a brutish manner ; rudely.
BEU'TISH-NESS, n. Brutality; beastliness.
BEU'TISM, n. The disposition or characteristic
qualities of a brute.
BRU'TUM FUL'MEN, n. [L.] Harmless thunder;
a loud but harmless threat.
BEY'O-NY, 7i. A genus of climbing plants of various
species.
BEY-O-ZO'A, n. The minute mollusca inhabiting
compound structures ; polyzoa.
BOB'BLE, n, A bladder or vescicle filled with air ;
any thing wanting solidity ; empty project ; a per-
son deceived.
BUB'BLE, v. i. To rise in bubbles; to run with a
gurgling noise.
BUB'BLE, v. t. To cheat ; to impose on.
BDR'BLER, n. A cheat ; a knave.
BCTB'BLINGr, o. Rising in bubbles; running with a
gurgling noise.
BUB'BY, n. The breast of a woman.
BO'BO, n. ; pi. BU'BOES. A swelling of the glands,
of the groin or armpit.
Btr-BON'O-CELE, n. Eupture in the groin.
EUd'-GAL, a. Pertaining to the cheek.
BU-G-A-NEER' ") n. A pirate ; a freebooter, par-
BU-G-A-NIER', ) ticularly the pirates formerly
infesting the West Indies.
BtT-e'CI-NAL (buk'se-nal), a. Trumpet-shaped.
BUCK, n. The liquor in which clothes are washed
or bleached ; the male of the deer, goat, sheep,
rabbit, and hare ; a gay, dashing fellow.
BUCK, v. t. To wash or steep clothes in lye.
B CCK'-BASK-ET, n. A basket in whiah clothes are
carried to be washed.
BUCK'ET, n. A vessel to draw or carry water ; the
cavities for water on a water-wheel.
BtfCK'ING-STOOL, n. A washing block.
BtTCK'LE (biik'kl), n. An instrument for fastening
straps.
BUCK'LE, v. i. To fasten with a buckle ; to en-
gage ; v. i. to bend ; to bow. To bucfcle to, to bend
to, or engage with vigour. To buckle in or with ;
to close in ; to join in close combat.
BUCK'LER, n. A kind of shield.
BUCK'MAST, n. The fruit of the beech-tree.
BCCK'RAM, n. A coarse cloth stiffened with glue.
BUCK'SKIN, n. The skin, or leather of a buck.
BUCK'THOEN, n. A genus of ornamental shrubs.
BUCK'WHEAT, n. A plant and its seed, cultivated
for food, called also l>ranlc.
Btr-eftL'K!, a. Eelatmg to shepherds ; pastoral.
BU-Ol/rC, n. A pastoral poem or song.
BCD, 7i. The first shoot 9f a tree. Buds are of
three kinds : that containing the flower, that con-
taining the leaves, and that containing both
flowers and leaves.
BUD, v. i. To put forth or produce buds or germs ;
to put forth shoots ; to begin to grow ; to be in
bloom.
BtTD, v. t. To inoculate a plant for the purpose of
changing the fruit.
BUD'DING, ppr. or a. Shooting forth ; n. the act
of sprouting ; first shooting ; the act of inoculat-
ing by inserting buds.
BUDGE, a. Brisk; jocund; surly; formal (obs.)
BUDGE, v. i. To stir ; to go ; to move ; to move off.
BtFDG'ET, n. Literally, a small bag for carrying
papers, &c. ; hence, the things contained in it ; store,
stock, statement, &c. ; statement of national
finances by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
BUD'LET, 7i. A little bud or shoot.
BUFF, n. A yellowish leather, first made of buffalo
skin ; a military coat of such leather ; a light yel-
low colour.
BUF'FA-LO, 7i. A kind of wild Indian ox.
BUF'FA-LO-EOBE, n. The skin of the buffalo, or
bison of North America, dressed with the hair on.
BUF'FEE, 7i. A cushion to deaden the percussion
of a moving body.
BtF'FET, v. t. To strike with the hand or fist ; to
box ; to beat ; to strike or struggle against ; v. i.
to play at boxing.
FALL, WHAT ; TH&RE, TERM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
BUF'FET, n. A blow with the fist on the ear or
face ; a stroke ; a kind of cupboard.
BtF'FET-ING, n. A beating with the fist.
BUF'FLE-HEAD-ED (buffl-hSd-ed), a. Having a
large head like the buffalo ; hence, dull, stupid.
BUF'FO, 71. The comic actor in an opera.
BUF-FOON', n. An arch fellow; a low jester; a
mimic ; a merry-andrew.
BUF-FOON'EE-Y, n. The practices of a buffoon ;
low jesting ; drollery.
BUF-FOON'ISH, a. Like a buffoon. [sects.
BUG, 7i. The bed-bug ; generic term for many in-
BUG'BEAE, TI. A frightful object ; false dread; any
imaginary terror.
BUG'GY, a. Full of or having bugs.
BUG'GY, n. ; pi. BUG'GIES. A light vehicle to be
drawn by one horse.
BU'GLE, > n. A hunting horn ; a military
BU'GLE-HOEN, f instrument of music.
BtJ'GLE, 7i. A plant ; a shining bead of glass.
BO'GLER, n. One who plays the bugle.
BO'GLOSS, n. A genus of plants used for colouring.
BUHL (bule), TI. Light and complicated figures of
unburnished gold, &c., inserted in dark wood or
tortoise-shell.
BOHE'STONE (bur'stone), n. A silicious stone,
used for mill-stones.
BUlLD (Mid), v. t. [pret. and pp. BUILD-ED, BUILT.]
To raise or make, as a building or structure ; v. i.
to practise building ; to rest or depend on for sup-
port. SYN. To construct; found; frame; erect.
BUlLD'EE (bfld'er), n. One who builds, as a house,
bridge, ship.
BUILD'ING (bud'ing), a. Constructing ; employed
in building ; n. any edifice, as a house, &c.
BULB, n. A round root, as of tulips, onions, &c.
BULB-IF'ER-OUS, a. Producing bulbs.
RULB'OUS, a. Having round roots or heads.
BULGE, v. i. To swell in the middle ; to bilge.
BULGE, n. See BILGE.
BULK, o. Literally, that which bulges out ; hence,
the entire mass ; size ; quantity ; the majority or
chief part. SYN. Greatness; largeness; extent.
BULK'-HfiAD, n. A partition in a ship.
BtTLK'I-NESS, n. Largeness of size ; heaviness.
BOLK'Y, a. Of a large size. SYN. Big; large;
gross; heavy.
BULL, TI. The male of cattle of the bovine species ;
an edict issued by the Pope ; a verbal blunder ; a
cant term for one who endeavours to raise the
stocks ; opposed to a bear, who strives to depress
them. See BLUNDER.
BULL'-BAIT-ING, 71. The practice of baiting or
'exciting bulls with dogs.
BULL '-DOG, TI. A large dog of great courage.
BULL'ET, 71. A ball of metal for fire-arms.
BITLL'E-TIN, n. An official report of facts or
public news ; any public announcement, as of
recent news.
BULL'E-TIISr-BOAED, n. A board for posting up
recent intelligence.
BULL'-FIGHT (-flte), n. A combat with a bull.
BTJLL'-FlNCH, n. The name of a singing bird.
BULL'-FEOG, TI. A very large species of frog.
BULL'-HEAD (-hSd), n. A stupid person ; a fish.
BULL'ION (bull'yun), n. Uncoined silver or gold.
BULL'OCK, Til An ox ; a young bull.
BULL'$'-EYE (-1), TI. In architecture, a small cir-
cular or elliptical window ; a thick, round glass.
BULL'-TEOUT, n. A large species of trout.
BUL'LY, n. An overbearing, quarrelsome fellow.
BU L'LY, v. t. To overbear with blustering menaces ;
v. i. to be very noisy and quarrelsome.
BUL'EUSH, TI. A large kind of rush growing in
water or wet land.
BTJL'WAEK, n. A fortification; fort; _security;
railing round a ship's deck; v. t. to fortify with a
rampart ; to protect.
BUM-BAIL'IFF, TI. An under bailiff.
BOM'BLE-BEE, n. A large bee.
BUM'BOAT, 71. A small boat for carrying provisions
from shore to ship.
BUM
57
BUB
D6TE, WOLF,
: ; RULE, BTTLL ; vFciOus. e as K ; G as 3 ; 8 as z ; CH as SH ; *HIS.
T, n. A short boom of a ship.
BUMP, ?i. A swelling or protuberance ; a blow ; a
stroke.
BUMP, v. i. To make a loud, heavy, or hollow
noise ; v. t. to strike heavily ; to thump.
BUMPER, 7i. A glass filled to the brim.
BOMP'KIN, n. A very awkward person.
BON, n. A small cake, or sweet bread.
BUNCH, 71. A cluster ; knot ; hard lamp ; a col-
lection ; a number of things connected together.
BUNCH, v. i. To grow in knobs; to cluster; to
sweil out in a bunch ; v. t. to collect or tie in a
bunch.
Bt'NCH'Y, a. Growing in, or full of bunches.
BUN'DLE, n. A parcel bound up together.
BUN'DLE, v. t. To tie or put in a bundle.
Bt T NG, n. A stopper for the mouth of a barrel.
BUNG, v. t. To stop close with a bung.
BUNG'GA-LOW (bung'ga-lu), n. Inlndia, a country
house erected by Europeans.
BUNG'-HOLE, n. The hole by which a cask is
filled.
BUN G 'GLE (bung'gl), v. i. To do clumsily or badly ;
v. t. to make or manage clumsily or badly ; to
botch.
BUNG'GLER, n. A bad or clumsy workman.
BUNDLING (bung'gling), a. Clumsy; without
skill or care.
P.tN G 'GLING-LY, ad. In a clumsy manner.
BUN'ION (bun'yun), 71. An excrescence on the
great toe, corresponding to a corn.
BUNK, 71. A case of boards for a bed. [-4m.]
BUNTING, n. Thin woollen cloth for colours or
signals ; a lark.
BUOY (bwoy), n. A floating cask or light piece of
wood fastened over an anchor or shoal water for
a direction, or to bear a cable.
BUOY, v. t. To keep afloat ; to support ; to uphold ;
to fix buoys or marks.
BUOY'AN-CY (bwoy'-), n. The quality of floating ;
lightness of spirits . SYN. Animation; vivacity;
elasticity ; cheerfulness.
BUOY' ANT (bwoy'-), a. That will not sink ; light ;
bearing up, as a fluid.
BUOY'ANT-LY, acl. In a buoyant manner. *
BUR, n. The prickly head of certain plants.
BUR'DEN (53) (bur'dn), 71. That which is carried
or borne ; hence, that which is oppressive or wea-
risome ; the capacity of a ship ; a chief matter ; a
verse of a song repeated; chorus. SYN. Load ;
encumbrance ; oppression. Burden is generic ; a
load is something laid upon us, as a load of care.
The other words explain themselves.
BUR'DEN, 13. t. To load ; to encumber ; to oppress.
BUR'DENED (bur'dnd), pp. or a. Loaded ; op-
pressed ; overloaded.
BUR'DEN-SOME (bur'dn-), a. Grievous; cumber-
some ; oppressive.
BUR/DEN-SOME-NESS, n. Quality of being bur-
densome: heaviness.
BUR'DOCK, n. A genus of plants.
BU'REAU (bu'ro), n. ; pi. BU'REAUX or BUREAUS.
A chest of drawers ; a department for the trans-
action of business by a public functionary.
BU-REAU'RA-CY (bu-ro'), n. The centralization
of power, by making all the bureaux or depart-
ments of a government the mere instrument of
one chief.
BU-REAU-eRATTG, a. Pertaining to bureaucracy.
BURGH, 7i. A borough.
BURG' AGE, 71. An ancient tenure by rent, proper
to boroughs.
BURG'A-MOT, n. A kind of pear ; a perfume.
BUR-GEOIS (bur-jois'). See BOURGEOIS.
BUR'GESS, n. A citizen or freeman of a borough ;
a representative of a borough; a magistrate of
certain towns. [rough.
BCKGH'ER (burner), n. An inhabitant of a bo-
BUR'GLAR, 7i. One guilty of nocturnal house-
breaking with intent to steal.
BUR-GLA'RI-OUS, o. Consisting in burglary.
B UR GL A'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Tn a burglarious manner.
BOR'GLA-RY, n. The crime of house-breaking by
night with intent to commit felony.
BCRG'0-MAS-TER, n. A magistrate in Holland.
BCR'GRAVE, n. In Germany, an hereditary gov-
ernor of a town.
BUR'GUN-DY, n. Wine made in Burgun dy.
BUR'I-AL (ber'ry-al), n. Act of depositing in the
grave; interment.
BU'RIN, n. A tool used in engraving.
BURKE, r. t. To murder a person with the inten-
tion of selling the body for dissection. [From
the name of a noted perpetrator of the crime in
1829].
BURL, v. t. To pick burls, knots, &c., from cloth
in fulling.
RURL'ER, n. A cloth-dresser.
BUR-LESQUE' (bur-lesk'), a. Tending to excite
laughter by highly discordant images ; comic.
BUR-LESQUE' (bur-l6sk'), n. A species of humour
which consists in bringing together images which
are highly discordant. SYN. Fun ; ridicule ; sat-
ire ; buffoonery.
BUR-LESQUE', v. t. To make ludicrous.
BUR-LET'TA, n. A comic opera.
BUR'LY, a. Great in size; boisterous.
BORN, v. t. [pret and pp. BLT.XED, BURNT.] To
consume by fire ; to char or reduce to charcoal by
fire ; to harden or bake in fire ; to injure by fire ;
to make very dry by heat ; to affect with great
heat ; v. i. to be on fire ; to flame ; to be hot or in
a passion ; to feel heat ; to scorch.
BURN, 71. A hurt or wound caused by fire; the
operation of burning.
BURN'ER, w. One who sets on fire; any thing
which promotes or is instrumental to combustion,
as a gas-burner.
BURNING, a. Very hot ; flagrant, as a burning
shame. STX. Ardent; fervent; scorching ; fiery ;
consuming; vehement; n. combustion; inflam-
mation; heat; sense of heat.
BURN'ING-GLASS, n. A glass that collects the
sun's rays into a small space, producing intense
heat.
BORN'ISH, v. t. To polish by rubbing with some-
thing hard; to brighten by friction; to make
smooth and glossy; v. i. to grow bright.
BU'RN'ISH, 7i. Gloss ; brightness ; lustre.
BORN'ISH-ER, n. A person that burnishes; an
instrument for burnishing.
BURNT'-OF-FER-ING, n. A sacrifice by burning
a victim.
BORR, n. A guttural sound made in pronouncing
the letter r ; the lobe of the ear.
BOR'REL-SHOT, n. Small shot or scrap iron put
in cases to discharge from cannon.
BOR'ROW (bur'ro), n. A lodge in the earth for
animals.
BOR'ROW, v. i. To make or lodge in a hole in the
earth. ' [stones.
BORR'-STONE, n. A silicious stone used lor mill-
BORS'AR, 7i. A treasurer ; an exhibitioner.
BORS'A-RY, n. The treasury of a college or mon-
astery. In Scotland, a stipend for the support of
meritorious students.
BURSE or BOURSE, n. A public edifice for the
meeting of merchants; an exchange.
BURST, v. i. [pret. and'pp. BURST.] To break or fly
open suddenly ; to make any sudden change from
restraint, confinement, invisibility, inaction, ab-
sence, &c., to an opposite or different state ; v. t.
to break or rend by violence ; to open suddenly.
BURST, n. A sudden rent; an eruption; a sudden
explosion or shooting forth.
HURT, 71. A flat fish of the turbot kind.
BUR'THEN. See BURDEN.
BU'RY (bSr'ry), n. A habitation; used as a termi-
nation of names of towns.
BU'RY (ber'ry), v. t. To deposit in a grave ; to hide
in surroimding matter ; to hide ; to repress or
put an end to. SYX. To inter. To bury is generic ;
to inter is to place in the ground, or bury the
dead.
BUR t
I, 1, &c., long. I, fi, &c., s7iort. CARE, FAR, LAST,
BU'RY-ING (b6r'ry-ing), n. The act of interring
the dead; sepulture.
BU'RY-ING-PLACE (bSr'ry-ing), n. A graveyard.
BUSH, 7i. A shrub; a bough ; a thicket ; a ring or
lining of metal let into an orifice.
BUSH, v. t. To furnish with a bush or with bushes ;
v. i. to grow thick or bushy.
BUSH'EL, 71. A dry measure of four pecks.
BUSH'I-NESS, 7i. A bushy state.
BUSH'MAN, n. Name of savages near the Cape of
Good Hope.
BTJSH'Y, a. Full of bushes ; thick ; large.
BU$'I-LY (biz'ze-ly), ad. With constant occupa-
tion.
BUS'I-NESS (bfa'ness), n. Employment; occupa-
tion ; affair ; concern ; duty.
BUSK, 7i. A piece of steel, whalebone, or wood
worn by women in the front of stays.
BUSK, v. i. To be busy or actively employed.
BCSK'IN, n. A half boot worn anciently by actors
in tragedy ; figuratively, tragedy.
BUSK'IN.ED, a. Wearing buskins.
BUSK'Y. a. Shaded with woods ; woody.
BUSS, 71. A kiss; a fishing-boat; abridgment of
omnibus.
BUSS, v. t. To kiss. [Fitfyar.]
BUST, 7i. The figure of a person in relief, showing
the head and shoulders.
BUS'TARD, 7i A large bird of the grallic order.
BOS'TLE (btis'sl), v. i. To be busy; to hurry; to
be very active or stirring.
BUSTLE (bus'sl), 7i. A tumult; hurry; active
motion ; confusion ; stir; a pad for skirts.
BUSTLER (busier), n. A stirring, busy body.
BUSTLING (bus'ling), a. Stirring; moving; active.
BUS'Y (biz'zy), a. Employed with constant atten-
tion. SYN. Active ; meddling ; officious.
BUS'Y (biz'zy), v. t. To employ with constant at-
tention ; to make or keep busy.
BUS'Y-BOD-Y (biz'zy-bod-y), n. A meddling per-
son.
EOT [pp. obs.] Except ; besides ; unless ; only.
BdT, con. More ; further ; yet ; still ; noting ad-
dition or supply in opposition or contrast.
BUT, 7i. End ; limit ; bound ; the largest end, as
of a log.
EOT, v. i. To be bounded, used for abut.
BUTCH'ER, 7i. One who kills and dresses animals
for market ; one who causes much bloodshed.
BUTCH'ER, v. t. To kill ; to slay inhumanly.
BUTCH'ER-LY, a. Cruel ; barbarous ; bloody.
BUTCH'ER-Y, 71. The business of slaughtering
cattle for market ; cruel murder ; the place where
animals are killed for market. SYN. Carnage ;
slaughter ; massacre.
BUT'END, 71. The largest or blunt end of a thing.
BUTLER, 7i. One who has the care of liquors.
BUTLER-AGE, 71. A duty on wine paid to a but-
ler, formerly levied on wine which was imported
by foreigners.
SUTLER -SHIP, a. The office of a butler.
BUTMENT, n. A buttress ; the support of an arch.
BUTT, n. A mark to shoot at ; end of a plank ; a
kind of hinge ; the person at whom ridicule is
directed ; a thrust by the head of an animal ; a
cask equal to two hogsheads.
BUTT, v. i. or t. To strike with the head or horns.
BUT'TER, n. An oily substance obtained from
cream.
BUTTER, v. t. To smear or spread with butter.
BUTTER-OP, 7i. A species of ranunculus, or
crowfoot, with yellow flower.
BUTTER-FLY, 71. A genus of insects with four
wings, a spiral tongue, and hairy body.
BUTTER-IS, 7i. A tool for paring a horse's hoof.
BUTTER-MJLK, TI. The milk which remains after
the butter is separated from it.
BUTTER-NUT, TI. The fruit of a tree ; a nut so
called from its oil.
BUTTER-PRINT, 7 n. A piece of wood for stamp-
BOTTER-STAMP, j ing butter.
BUTTER-TOOTH, n. A broad foretooth.
8 CAB
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TERM; MARINE, B!RD;
BUTTER-TREE, n. An African plant which yields,
on pressure, an oily substance used for butter.
BUTTERY, TI. An apartment where provisions are
kept.
BUTTER-Y, a. Having the appearance of butter.
BUTTOCK, n. The rump, or the protuberant part
behind.
BUTTON (but'tn), n. A knob or catch for fasten-
ing clothes ; a small piece turning on its centre
to fasten doors ; a small round mass of metal ;
the sea-urchin.
BUTTON (but'tn), v. t. To fasten with or by but-
tons.
BUTTON-HOLE, n. A hole for holding a button.
BUTTON-MAK-ER, n. One who makes buttons.
BUTTON-WOOD, n. The American plane-tree.
BUTTRESS, TI. A prop; a mass of masonry to
support a wall ; a support ; v. t. to support by a
buttress.
BUTTS, TI. pi. A place where archers meet to shoot
at a mark ; sides of the stoutest shoe-leather.
BUT-Y-RA'CSOUS,^7i. Having the qualities ot
BUTY-ROUS, j butter.
BU'TYR-lNE, n. Oily matter found in butter.
BUX'OM, a. Lively ; wanton [obedient, obs.].
BUX'OM-LY, ad. Briskly ; with wanton airs.
BUX'OM -NESS, n. Briskness ; amorousness.
BUY (bi), v. t. [pret. and pp. BOUGHT (baut)]. To
purchase ; to obtain for a price ; to bribe ; to re-
deem ; v. i. to negotiate or treat about a purchase.
BUY'ER (bi-'), TI. One who purchases.
BUZZ, n. A humming, low sound ; a whisper.
BUZZ, v. i. To make a humming sound, as bees
v. t. to spread by whispers, or secretly.
BCZZ'ARD, TI. A species of hawk; a blockhead.
BUZZ'ER, n. A whisperer ; a telltale.
BUZZ'ING, TI. A humming, low noise or talk.
BY, prep. Near; through; denoting agency cr
means ; also specification.
BY, ad. Near ; in presence ; passing.
BY- AND- BY, ad. Presently; soon; shortly.
BYE (bi), TI. A dwelling ; in a play or game, station,
or place of an individual player.
BY'-END, 71. Private advantage ; self-interest.
BY'-GONE (20), a. Past; gone by.
BY'-LAW, TI. A local law of a town, city, or society.
BY'-PATH, n. A private path.
BYRE, n. A cow-house.
BY'-STAND-ER, n. A looker-on ; a spectator.
BY-STREET, n. A private or obscure street.
BY-THE-BY, ad. Noting something interposed
distinct from the main subject of discourse.
BY'- VIEW (bl'vu).Ti. Self-interested purpose.
BY-WAY, 7i. A secluded or private walk.
BY-WORD, n. A common saying; a proverb.
BYZ'ANT, ) n. A gold coin of the value ot
BYZ^AN-TlNE, f fifteen pounds sterling.
i. Pertaining to Byzantium.
c.
p is the third letter of the alphabet, and the se-
^ cond articulation or consonant. It has two
sounds ; one close or hard, like fc ; the other sibi-
lant or soft, like s. The former is distinguished
in this work by the character -6.
!AB, n. An oriental measure of nearly three
pints ; an abbreviation of cabriolet, a one-hor.se
vehicle.
C A-B AL', 7i. A small body of men secretly plotting
for political advancement. SYN. Party; faction.
Cabal and faction differ from party, being always
used in a bad sense. A cabal intrigues secretly to
gain power ; a faction labours more or less openly
to change or break down the existing order of
things.
-GA-BAL', v. i. To intrigue privately ; to plot.
CAB'A-LA, 7i. A mysterious science among the
Jewish Rabbins ; tradition.
-GAB'A-LISM, n. Secret science of the cabalists.
CAB
D6VB, WQLF, BO<?K ;
69
CAL
, BrLL ; vi"ciov^. e as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH j IHIS.
GAFA-LIST, n. One skilled in Jewish traditions.
GAB-A-LlST'I-G, a. Pertaining to the mysteries of
Jewish traditions ; occult ; secret.
CA-BAl/LER, n. An intriguer ; one who plots.
CAB'BAGE, n. A genus of plants of several species ;
v. i. to form a head in growing.
CAB'BAGE, v. t. To embezzle, as pieces of cloth in
making clothes.
CAB'IN, 7i. A room in a ship for officers and pas-
sengers ; a cottage ; a hut.
CAB'IN, v. t. To confine in a cabin ; v. i. to live in
a cabin ; to lodge.
AB'IN-BOY, ." A boy who waits on the master !
and passengers in a ship.
CAB'IN-ET, 7i. A closet ; a room for consultations;
the select or secret council of the supreme execu-
tive of a nation ; a piece of furniture with boxes,
drawers, &c. ; a safe place for valuables.
AB'IN-ET~GOUN'CIL, n. Confidential council of
a chief ruler or magistrate.
GAB'IN-ET-MAK-ER, n. A maker of furniture,
such as cabinets, bureaus, tables, &c.
CA'BLE, 71. A strong rope or chain, to hold a vessel
at anchor.
GA'BLED, a. Fastened with a cable ; having
wreathed mouldings resembling a cable.
A-BOOSE', 11. The cook-room or kitchen of a
ship; a ship's fire-place for cooking.
CAB-RI-0-LET (-o-la'), n. [JFr.] A light one-horse
carriage.
A--GA'O, n. The chocolate tree.
CACH'A-LOT, 7i. The spermaceti whale ; physeter.
CACHE (kash;, n. A hole in the ground for hiding
and preserving provisions or goods.
A-GH-G'TI-G (-kek'tic), a. Having an ill habit of
body.
CACH'ET (kash'a), n. A seal. [Fr. Lettre de cachet,
a warrant for the imprisonment of some one.]
C A-'HX'Y, 11 . An ill habit of body.
AH-IN-NA'TION, 11. Loud laughter.
ACK'LE (kakkl), v. i. To make the noise of a
hen ; to laugh with a broken noise, like the cack-
ling of a goose ; to prate foolishly.
ACK'LE, n. The noise of a hen or goose ; foolish
f rattle.
CK'LING, n. The broken noise of a goose or hen.
CAC-0-E'THES (kak-o-e'thez), n. [Gr.j A bad
habit ; an incurable ulcer.
GA-GGG'RA-PHY, n. Bad spelling.
A--COPH'O-NY (-kof-), n. A disagreeable sound of
words.
GA'TUS, n. A genus of plants of very various and
often singular forms.
A-DAV'ER-OUS, a. Like a dead body ; pale.
GAD'DIS, n. A kind of tape ; case-worm.
GAD'DY, 7i. A small box for tea.
-GADE, a. Tame; gentle; soft; delicate.
GA'DENCE, \n. A fall of voice in reading or
CA'DEN-CY, 3 speaking; sound or tone; modu-
lation.
GA'DENT, a. Falling down ; sinking.
-CA-DEX'ZA, n. A fall or modulation of the voice
in speaking or singing.
CA-DET', n. One who serves as a volunteer to ac-
quire the military art ; a pupil in a military
school ; a younger brother.
GA'Dl (ka'dy), A Turkish judge.
GAD-ME'AN, a. Pertaining to Cadmus, who
brought the letters of the Greek alphabet out of
Phoenicia.
-GA-DC'CE-US, 7i. Mercury's wand.
CA-DG'CI-TY, n. A tendency to fall.
GA-DG'-GOUS, a. Falling early, as leaves, or a ca-
lyx before the corolla.
C-aS-SG'RA (se-zu'ra or se-su'ra), n. A figure in
poetry, by which a short syllable after a complete
foot is made long ; the natural pause or rest of
the voice, which, falling upon some part of a
verse, divides it into two equal or two unequal
parts.
CJE-SC'RAL, a. Relating to the poetic figure co>
sura t or the pause in verse.
CAFE (kaffa), n. [F,-.] A coffee-house.
GAF'E-NET, 7t. In Turkey, a hotel.
-GAF-FE'I-G, a. Obtained from coffee.
CAFTAN, n. A Persian or Turkish garment.
GAGE, 7i. A box or inclosure to confine birds ot
beasts ; a prison for petty criminals.
AGE, v. t. To confine in a cage.
GA-lQUE' } '" A. Turkish skiff or light boat.
C'AI'MAN.' See CAYMAX.
-CAIRN, n. A conical monumental pile of stones,
j AIRN'GORM, n. Smoke-coloured cry
quartz from a mountain of that name in Scotland ;
false topaz.
-GAIS'SON, n. A chest of bombs or powder; a
wooden frame used in building the piers of
bridges ; an ammunition chest or waggon.
AFTIFF, 11. A base fellow; a villain.
-CAJ'E-PUT, n. An oil from the East Indies.
-CA-JOLE', v. t. To influence or delude by flattery.
SYN. To wheedle ; coax ; fawn ; flatter ; delude ;
entrap.
-GA-JOL'ER, n. A flatterer ; a wheedler.
)A-JOL'ER-Y, n. Flattery ; a wheedling.
-CAKE, 11. A small loaf or mass of bread, &c., usu-
ally of a flattened form ; any mass of a flat shape
as a cake of ice.
-GAKE, v. i. To form into a hard mass or concre-
tion ; 17. f . to form into a cake or mass.
-CAL'A-BASH, ft. A popular name of the gourd-
plant ; a vessel like a gourd-shell.
AL-A-MIF'ER-OUS, a. Having a hollow, jointed
stem.
AL-A-MAN'0, n.
A kind of woollen stuff.
Native carbonate of zinc.
a. Unfortunate; distressing;
-'AL'A-MINE, n.
GA-LAM'I-TOUS,
full of calamity.
GA-LAM'I-TY, 71. A condition of things involving
or producing- great distress. SYN. Disaster;
misfortune; mishap; mischance. Calamity is
either private or public, and is a somewhat con-
tinuous state ; disaster (lit., ill-starred) is a sudden
and distressing event or stroke, as if from some
hostile platiet. Misfortune, misliap, mischance, are
words which diminish in force according to the
order in which they stand.
-C AL'A-MUS, n, A kind of reed or flag.
CA-LASH', u. An open carriage ; a cover for the
head.
-GAL-e'A'RE-OUS, o. Having the nature and pro-
perties of lime ; containing lime.
-GAL'CE-A-TED, a. Shod ; furnished with shoes.
)AL-CfiD'O-NY. See CHALCEDONY.
-GAL-CIF'ER-OUS, a. Producing calx or lime.
-GAL'CI-FORM, a. In the form of calx.
-GAL-CIN'A-BLE, a. That may be calcined.
AL-CI-NA'TION, n. The operation of calcining.
-GAL-CINE', v. t. To reduce to a powder or to a
friable state by heat ; v. i. to be reduced to a
powder or to a friable state by heat.
-CAL-CINELV (-sind'), a. Reduced to a powder, &c.
e AL'CI-UM, 11. The metallic basis of lime.
-GAL'-GU-LA-BLE, a. That may be calculated.
GAL'-GU-LATE, r. t. To compute; to reckon; to
ascertain by the use of tables or numbers; to
count. SYN. Calculate is generic, referring to the
operation as a whole ; compute relates to the ob-
taining of a gross sum or amount ; reckon and
count to the details in so doing. In calculating
an eclipse, we go through many computations
which require us to reckon and count.
AL'-GU-LATE, v. i. To make a computation ; to
reckon.
-CAL--GU-LATION, TI. Computation; reckoning;
estimate from a consideration of circumstances.
-CAL'U-LA-TOR, n. One who computes or calcu-
lates.
AL'-GU-LOUS, o. Stony; gravelly; gritty.
CAL'CU-LUS, it. [.] Stone in the bladder or
other parts of the body ; one of the higher bran-
ches of mathematics ; pi. -GlL'-eu-Li.
-GAL'DRON (kawl'dron), n. A large kettle or boiler.
CAL
60
CAN
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., s7iort. CAKE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WH^T; THRE, TBRM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOTE,
AL-E-FA'CIENT (-fa'shent), a. Warming; heat-
ing.
AL-E-FAC'TION, n. The act of warming.
CAL-E-FAC'TlVE, a. That makes warm or hot.
CAL'E-FY. v. t. To make warm; v. i. to grow
warm or hot.
CAL'EN-DAR, n. An almanac ; a register of the
year ; an arranged list or enumeration ; v. t, to
write in a calendar.
CAL'EN-DER, n. A press or machine for mak-
ing cloth smooth and glossy by pressing with hot
rollers ; a low class of dervishes in the East.
ClL'ENDS, n. pi. Among the .Romans, the first
day of each month.
CAL'EN-TCRE, n. An ardent fever, incident to
persons in hot climates.
CALF (kaf), n. ; pi. CALVES (kavz). The young
of a cow; the thick part of the leg behind; a
weak or stupid person.
CAL'I-BER, ") n. The diameter of a body ; the bore
C AL'I-BRE, ) or size of the bore of a gun ; mental
capacity.
CAL'ICE, n. A cup. See CHALICE.
C AL'I-CO, n. ; pi. CiL'i-eOES. Printed or imprinted
cotton cloth.
CAL'ID, a. Hot or warm ; scorching.
CA-LlD'I-TY, n. Heat ; burning heat.
CAL'I-DUCT, n. A pipe used to convey hot air.
CA'LIF. See CALIPH.
CA-LIG'IN-OUS, a. Dim ; obscure ; dark.
CAL'I-PERS, n. pi. Compasses with curved legs
for measuring the diameters of round bodies.
CAL'IPH, n. A successor or representative of
Mohammed.
CAL'IPH-ATE, n. The office of a caliph.
CAL-IS-THEN'KJ, a. Pertaining to calisthenics.
CAL-IS-THEN'ICS, n. pi. Exercises designed to
promote grace of movement and strength of body.
CA'LIX, n. A flower cup. See CALYX.
CALK, (kauk), v. t. To stop seams of a ship or
other vessel with oakum ; to arm with sharp
points.
CALK'ER (kaiik'er), n. One who stops seams ;
prominence on a horse-shoe.
CALK'ING-I-RON (-l-xirn), n. An instrument like
a chisel used in calking.
CALL, v. t. To appoint by invitation ; to demand ;
to name. SYN. To convoke ; to summon ; to bid.
Call is generic ; summon and conuofce imply
some right or authority, as to summon a witness
or convoke an assembly ; to bid supposes superior-
ity, as to call a servant and bid him do something ;
v. i. to cry out ; to address by name or utter a call
to ; to make a short stop or visit.
CALL, n. A demand ; address ; summons ; invita-
tion : a short visit ; vocation ; a calling.
CAL-LI-GRA^H'lt;, a. Pertaining to elegant pen-
manship.
CAL-LlG'RA-PHIST, n. An elegant penman.
CAL-LIG'RA-PHY, n. Beautiful writting.
CALL'ING, n. Act of naming ; employment ; oc-
cupation.
CAL-Ll'0-PE, n. The muse who presides over
music and heroic poetry.
CAL-LOS'I-TY, n. A corneous or bony hardness.
CAL'LOUS, a. Hard ; indurated ; insensible.
CAL'LOUS-NESS, n. Hardness ; insensibility.
CAL'LOW, a. Destitute of feathers ; unfledged.
CAL'LUS, n. Osseous matter uniting the extremi-
ties of fractured bones.
CALM (kam), a. Quiet; not agitated. SYN. Still;
serene ; unruffled ; tranquil ; n. freedom from
motion or disturbance. SYN. Tranquillity ; still-
ness.
CALM (kam), v. t. To quiet ; to appease ; to pacify.
CALM'LY, ad. In a calm manner.
CALM'NESS (kam'ness), n. A state of rest or
quiet. SYN. Quietness; stillness; tranquility ;
serenity; repose; composure. [cury.
CAL'O-MEL, n. A medicinal preparation ofmer-
CA-LOR'IC, n. The principle or element of heat.
CAL-0-RlF'IC, a. Producing heat.
CAL-O-RlM'E-TER, n. An apparatus for measur-
ing relative quantities of heat.
CA-LOR-I-MO'TOR, n. A galvanic instrument for
evolving caloric.
CAL'O-TYPE, n. The art of photographing on pre-
pared paper ; a picture so formed.
CAL'TROP, n. Name of sharp pointed instru-
ments scattered on the ground to impede the pas-
sing of cavalry.
CAL'C-MET, n. The Indian pipe of peace.
CA-LUM'NI-ATE, v. t. or i. To accuse falsely.
SYN. To slander ; defame ; traduce ; asperse ;
belie ; libel ; lampoon.
CA-LUM-NI-A'TION,n. Slander; false accusation
of a crime or offence.
CA-LUM'NI-A-TOR, n. A false accuser ; a slanderer.
A-LUM'NI-OUS, a. Slanderous ; defamatory.
CA-LUM'NI-OUS-LY, ad. Slanderously.
GAL'UM-NY, n. The uttering of a false and mali-
cious charge against the reputation of another.
SYN. Slander; defamation; libel. Calumny pro-
perly denotes the originating or first uttering of
such a charge ; the remaining words apply to this,
and also to the circulation of the charge when
originated by others.
CALTA-RY, n. The place of Christ's crucifixion;
a chapel in a grave-yard, &c.
CALVE (kav) , v. i. To bring forth a calf.
CAL'VIN-ISM, n. The theological doctrines of
Calvin the reformer.
CAL'VIN-IST, n. One who adheres to Calvinism.
CAL-VIN-lST'IC, a. Pertaining or adhering to
Calvin or his opinions in theology.
GALX, n. Lime or chalk ; formerly, the earthy resi-
duum from calcination.
CA'LYX, n. ; pi. CA'LTX-ES or CA'LY-CES. The outer
covering of a flower.
CAM, n. A projection on a wheel or axle to pro-
duce reciprocating motion.
AM'BER, n. A piece of timber cut archwise.
CAM'BER-ING, a. Arched ; bending.
CAM'BRIC, n. A species of fine white linen or
cotton.
CAM'EL, n. A large quadruped used in Asia and
Africa as a beast of burden ; a machine for bearing
ships over bars.
CA-MEL'0-PARD or ClM'EL-0-PARD, n. An
African animal, called also the giraffe.
CAM'E-O, n. ; pi. CAM'E-OS. A precious stone or
shell sculptured in bas-relief.
CAM'E-RA LU'CI-DA, n. An optical instrument
for tracing landscapes or other objects.
CAM'E-RA OB-SCU'RA, n. [L.] An optical instru-
ment for throwing the images of external objects
on a screen in a darkened chamber or box.
C AM-IS-A DE', n. An attack by surprise at night.
C AM'LET, n. A stuff of wool and silk or hair.
CAM'O-MILE, n. A bitter plant used in medicine.
CAMP, n. A temporary abode or lodging-place of
troops, or of any company of men in the field ; the
order of tents.
CAMP, v. t. or i. To rest or lodge, as troops or
travellers, on the ground; to pitch a camp. Sea
ENCAMP.
CAM-PAIGN' (kam -pane'), n. The time an army
keeps the field in one year ; an open field.
CAM-PAIGN', v. i. To serve in a campaign.
CAM-PAIGN'ER (pa'ner), n. An old soldier.
CAM-PAN'I-FORM, a. In the shape of a beU.
CAM-PA-NOL'O-GIST, n. A bell-ringer.
CAM-PA-NOL'0-GY, n. Art of ringing bells.
CAM-PES'TRAL, a. Pertaining to the open field.
CAM'PHENE, n. A name for pure oil of turpen-
tine, or spirit of turpentine.
CAM'PHOR (kam'for), n. A solid concrete juice of
the Indian laurel-tree.
CAM'PHOR- A-TED, a. Impregnated with camphor.
CAM-PHOR-IC, a. Pertaining to camphor.
CAMP'ION, n. A beautiful wild flower of several
species ; catch-fly ; white-bottle.
CAN, v. i. [_pret. COULD.] To be able. SYN. Can
but; can not but. "lean but perish if I try,"
CAN 61 CAN
X>6VE, W<?LF, BOQK ; KftLE, BULL ; VICIOUS. e as K ; 6 as J ; 8 OS Z ; CH as SH J THIS,
means it is the utmost that can "befall me ; "I
caw not but think, &c., means, " I can not (mor-
ally) but do it " that is, can not help it. This
latter idea of constraint is a very common one,
and should always be expressed by the words can
not but. Can but is properly used (as above) only
where we refer to the worst that can happen.
AN, n. A cup or vessel for liquors.
CA-NAILLE' (ka-nfile'), n. [Fr.] The mob; the
rabble ; the lowest of the people.
GA-NAL', n. An artificial water-course ; a pipe or
passage in the body.
AN'AL-GOAL, n. See CANNEL-COAL.
CA-NA'RY, n. A kind of wine ; a song-bird from
the Canary Isles.
GAN'CEL, v. t. To blot out ; to make void.
elN'CEL, 7i. The reprint of a part of a work in
order to correct some error.
GAN'CEL-LA-TED, a. Crossed by lines.
AN-CEL-LA'TION, n. A defacing by cross lines.
elN'CEE, 7i. A crab ; a sign in the zodiac ; a vir-
ulent ulcer.
AN-CER-A'TION, n. The formation of a cancer.
eAN'CER-OUS, a. Like or consisting of a cancer.
AN'R1-FORM, a. Cancerous.
eAN-DE-LA'BRUM, n. ; pi. -GAN-DE-LA/BRA. A tall
stand or support for lamps ; a branched candle-
stick.
AN'DENT, o. Glowing with heat ; bright.
CAN'DID, o. laterally, white; hence, having an
impartial spirit in judging or estimating others.
SYN. Fair; open; frank; ingenuous. A man is
fair when he puts things on a just or equitable
footing ; he is candid when he looks impartially
on both sides of a subject, doing justice especially
to the motives and conduct of an opponent ; he is
open and frank when he declares his sentiments
without reserve; he is ingenuous when he does
this from a noble regard for truth.
CAN'DI-DATE, . One who seeks or is proposed
for an office.
eAN'DID-LY, ad. Fairly ; frankly ; honestly.
GAN'DID-NESS, n. Fairness ; ingenuousness.
GAN'DLE, n. A cylinder of tallow, wax, or other
combustible, inclosing a wick, to burn for light ;
a light.
AN'DLE-MAS, n. The feast of the purification of
the Virgin Mary, Feb. 2.
AN'DLE-STICK. n. That which holds a candle.
CAN'DOUR, n. Freedom from prejudice or dis-
guise. SYN. Fairness ; impartiality ; openness ;
ingenuousness ; sincerity.
AN'DY, v. t. To conserve with sugar; to congeal
or make concrete, as sugar. *
GAN'DY, v. i. To become concrete or v>nn into
crystals ; to congeal, as sugar.
AN'DY, n. A species of confectionery.
CANE, n. A reed ; a walking-stick.
CANE, v. t. To beat with a cane or stick.
ANE'-BRAKE, n. A thicket of canes.
A-Nt)'tJ-LA, n. Sirius, or the dog-star,
A-Nl)TT.LAB, a. Belonging to the dog-star.
CA-NlNE', a. Belonging to or having the qualities
of a dog. [Is often pronounced ca'nlne.]
OAN'ING, n. A beating with a cane or stick.
CAN'IS-TER, n. A small box for tea.
C ANK'ER, n. A disease in plants ; an eating sore ;
corrosion.
GANK'ER, v. t. To eat, corrode, or corrupt ; v. i.
to grow corrupt ; to corrode ; to decay.
ANK'ER-OtTS, a. Corroding like a canker.
OANK'ER-WQRM, n. A worm destructive to trees
or fruit.
AN'NEL-COAL,) n. A coal sufficiently solid to
AN'DLE-OAL, j be cut and polished.
CAN'NI-BAL, n. A human being that eats human
flesh.
AN'NI-BAL-ISM, n. The eating of human flesh
by man ; murderous cruelty.
CAN'NON, n. A large piece of ordnance ; a heavy
cylinder for projecting balls, &c., by the force of
gunpowder.
AN-NON-ADE', n. An attack by means of can-
non ; a battering with cannon-shot.
AN-NON-ADE', v. t. To attack with heavy artil-
lery ; v. i. to discharge cannon.
)AN'NON-BALL, n. A ball to be thrown from
cannon.
AN-NON-EER', ") n. One who manages cannon j
AN-NON-IER', ) an engineer.
-eAN'NON-SHOT, n. A cannon-ball; the range ol
shot from a cannon.
GAN'NOT. Can and not [improperly connected'].
A-NOE' (ka-noo'), n. A boat made of bark or
skins, or the trunk of a tree excavated.!
GAN'ON, 7i. A rule or law, usually applied to ec-
clesiastical lafw ; a dignitary of the Church of Eng-
land ; the genuine books of Scripture.
CAN' ON (kan'yon), n. [Sp.] A deep gully or bed of
a mountain torrent. [California.]
GAN'ON-ESS, n. A woman who enjoys a prebend.
!A-NON'IG-AL, a. According to, or included in
the canon; regular.
-eA-NON'KJ-AL-'LY, ad. In a manner agreeable to
the canon.
-GA-NO^'I-G-ALS, n. pi. The official dress of the
clergy.
A-NON'I-ATE > ) n. A benefice in a cathedral
-eAN'ON-RY, r collegiate church ; the ot-
eAN'ON-SHIP, J fice of a canon.
!AN-ON-1C'I-TY (-Xs'e-ty), n. The state of be-
longing to the canon, or genuine books of Scrip-
ture.
-GAN'ON-IST, n. A professor of the canon law.
JAN-ON-lST'IJ, a. Relating to a canonist.
-CAN-ON-I-ZA'TION, n. An enrolling of a deceased
person, by papal decree, among saints ; the state
of being sainted.
AN'ON-IZE, v. t. To declare to be a saint, an<3
enrol in the canon as such.
JAN'O-PLED (kan'o-pid), a. Covered with a can-
PP7-
-6 AN'O-PY, n. A covering or cloth of state over the
head; a cover; v. t. to cover or adorn with a
canopy.
-GAN'T. Abbreviation of can wot.
-6ANT, v. t. To thrust or impel suddenly ; to tip or
incline ; to toss ; to sell by auction ; v. i. to speak
in a whining or affectedly solemn tone.
1ANT, 7i. A toss ; a throw or push ; an inclina-
tion ; a whining, affected manner of speech ; pre-
tensions to goodness ; a word or phrase hackneyed,
corrupt, or peculiar to some profession; slang.
AN'TA-LOUPE, ) , , n . (n. A small variety of
AN'TA-LEUP, 5 ( ~ loop) 't musk melon.
-GAN-TA'TA, n. A poem set to music ; a song.
CAN-TEEN', n. A small tin case for liquors, &c.
AN'TER, v. i. To move as a horse in a moderate
gallop; v. t. to ride upon a canter; 71. a moderate
gallop.
-GANT'ER, n. One who cants or whines.
-eAN'TER-BU-RY TALE, n. A fabulous story, so
called from the tales of Chaucer.
-CAN-THAR'1-DES, n. pi; -GIN'THA-RIS, sinj.
Spanish flies used for blistering.
eAN'TI-LE, n. A song. Canticles, the Song of
Solomon.
-GANT'INGr, a. Whining; n. ridiculous preterce of
goodness.
-GAN'TO, n. ; pi. -CAN'TOS. Part of a poem; division;
a song. In music, the first treble.
)AN'TON, n. Division of a country; a distinct
part or division.
)AN'TON, v. t. To divide into small districts or
portions ; to allot quarters to troops.
)AN'TOIsr-AL, a. Pertaining to a canton.
-GAN'TON-IZE, v. t. To divide into districts.
GAN'TON-MENT, n. Distribution of troops in a
town or village into quarters ; the separate quar-
ters.
AN'VAS, n. A coarse hempen or linen cloth for
sails, tents, &c.
-GAN'VASS, v. t. To examine closely or scrutinize,
as a doubtful question ; to examine closely, as a
CAN
62
CAR
I, fi, &c., long. A, , &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THEE, TEEM; MAEIKE, B!ED; MOVE,
district, in order to obtain votes or subscribers,
&c. ; v. i. to solicit votes or subscriptions to books,
&c. ; to make interest in favour of ; followed by
for.
}AN'i
CAN'VASS, n. Strict examination; a seeking or
solicitation.
AN'VASS-EE, n. One who solicits votes or sub-
scriptions ; one who examines the returns of
votes.
A'NY, a. Abounding in canes.
CAN-ZO-NET, n. [It.] A little song in one, two,
or three parts.
AOUT'CHpUJ (koo'chook), n. India-rubber or
gum-elastic.
AOUT'CHOU-ClNE (koo'choo-sin), n. An inflam-
mable and volatile oily liquid, obtained by distilla-
tion from caoutchouc.
AP, n. A cover for the head ; the top ; a block of
wood for uniting masts.
CAP, v. t. To put on a cap ; to cover the top or
end ; to spread over ; to match, as verses.
A-PA-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity; fitness.
CA'PA-BLE, a. Having the requisite capacity or
ability. STN. Able ; competent ; qualified ; fitted.
CA-PA'CIOUS (-pa'shus), a. Holding much. SYN.
Large : wide ; broad ; extensive ; ample.
A-PA'CIOUS-NESS, n. Wideness ; extent ; com-
prehensiveness.
A-PAC'I-TATE, v. t. To make capable ; to qualify.
CA-PAC'I-TY, TO. The power of receiving and con-
taining; powers of the mind; contents. SYN.
Qualification ; space ; ability ; faculty ; talents.
See ABILITY.
CAP-A-PIE' (kap-a-pe'), ad. [J5V.] From head to
foot ; all over.
CA-PAE'I-SON, n. Dress or trappings, as of a
horse.
CA-PAE'I-SON, v. t, To dress pompously ; to
adorn.
APE, n. A headland ; neck-piece of a coat.
CA-PEE, n. The bud of the caper-bush ; a leap ; a
skip.
C A'PEE, v. i. To skip frolicsomely ; to leap ; to
frisk about.
A'PEE-ING, a. Leaping ; skipping.
CA'PI-AS, n, [L.] In law, a writ for arresting a
debtor.
CAP-IL-LA'CEOUS f-la'shus,) a. Having long fila-
ments ; hairy.
CA-PlL'LA-MENT, n. The filament of a flower j a
fibre.
CAP'IL-LA-EY or A-PlL'LA-EY, a. Eesembling
a hair ; pertaining to narrow tubes or vessels ;
minute; slender. Capillary attraction or repulsion,
that which causes the ascent or descent of a fluid
in capillary tubes.
AP'IL-LA-EY, n. A small blood-vessel or tube.
CA-PlL'LI-FOEM, a. In the shape or form of a
hair; hair-shaped.
AP'I-TAL, n. Principal sum or stock required to
carry on trade or manufactures ; large letter ;
chief city or seat of government ; upper part of a
column.
API-TAL, a. First in importance ; affecting life ;
large, as a capital letter. SYN. Chief; principal j
leading; controlling.
AP'I-TAL-IST, n. One who has a capital or stock.
AP'I-TAL-LY, ad. In a capital manner ; bravely ;
excellently.
AP-I-TA'TION, n. Numeration by the head;
poll-tax; sometimes written capitation-toa;; a tax
upon each head or person.
CAP'I-TE, n. [L.] In law, a tenant in capite is one
that holds land immediately from the king.
AP'I-TOL, n. A castle and temple in Eome ; the
edifice occupied by the national or state legislature
of the United States.
A-PlT'C-LAE, ") n. The statutes of a chapter
A-PIT'C-LA-EY,.) or of an ecclesiastical coun-
cil ; member of a chapter ; laws of Charlemagne.
CA-PITC-LA-EY, n. Eelating to the chapter ol a
cathedral.
A-PlT'U-LATE, v. i. To surrender on specified
terms.
A-PIT-U-LA'TION, n. A surrender on terms.
-GA-PrVl (ka-pe'vy), n. A tree; balsam capivi, a
resinous juice from the tree. See COPAIBA.
CA-POCH' (ka-pooch'), n. [It.] A monk's hood.
-GA'PON (ka'pn), n. A castrated cock fitted for the
table.
CAP-ON-IEEE' (kap-o-neerO, n. [Fr.] la fortifica-
tion, a passage from one part of a work to another,
protected by a parapet.
CA-POTE', n. [Fr.] An outer garment.
-CAP'-PA-PEE, n. A coarse wrapping paper.
-GA-PElCE' (-preece'), n. Sudden or unreasonable
change of mind or humour. SYN. Whim ; freak ;
fancy ; vagary.
CA-PRl"CIOUS (-prlsh'us), a. Apt to change
opinions or purposes suddenly. SYN. Freakish;
whimsical ; unsteady ; changeable ; fickle.
CA-PRi"CIOUS-LY (-prish'us-ly), ad. Whimsic-
ally; freakishly.
A-PRI"CIOUS-NESS, n. Whimsicalness ; freak-
The tenth sign (the goat)
the sun enters on the 21st
ishness.
CAP'RI-CORN, n. [i.
in the zodiac, whic
of December.
-CAP'RI-FORM, a. Having the form of a goat.
-GA-PRlG'E-NOUS, a. Produced by a goat.
GAP'-SHEAF, n. The top sheaf of a stack of
grain ; the crowner.
JAP'SI-f
JAP'SI-CUM, n. Guinea or Cayenne pepper.
CAP-SIZE', v. t. To overturn ; to upset.
-CAP'STAN, n. An upright machine turned by
levers for raising anchors, &c., on board ships
[sometimes written capstern].
-GAP'SU-LAE, a. Hollow, like a chest or vessel.
CAP'SU-LATE, a. Inclosed in a capsule, or as in a
chest.
AP'StJLE, n. The seed-vessel of a plant, or hollow
pericarp with cells for seeds.
CAPTAIN (kap'tin), n. The commander of a com-
pany or ship ; a chief commander.
CAP'TAIN-CY, n. The commission or rank of a
captain.
-CAP'TAIN-SHIP, ") TO. The rank or post of a cap-
CAPTAIN-RY, ) tain ; military skill.
AP'TION, n, A certificate appended to a legal
instrument, showing when and by what authority
it was taken, found, or executed ; the act of taking
or arresting. \_A technical law term.]
AP'TIOUS (kap'shus), a. Apt to find fault. SYN.
Cavilling; petulant; fretful. One who is captious
is ready to ca(c?i at the slightest faults ; one who is
cavilling does it on trivial or imaginary grounds ;
one who is petulant (L. peto) is apt, from irritabi-
lity, to make hasty but slight attacks ; fretfulnesa
is complaining impatience.
-CAP'TIOUS-LY, ad. In a captious manner.
CAPTIOUS-NESS, TO. Disposition to find fault.
AP'TI-VATE, v. t. To take prisoner ; to charm ;
to engage the affections.
CAPTI-VA-TING, pp. or a. Taking prisoner;
charming ; tending to engage the aifections.
^AP-TI-VA'TION, n. The act of taking captive ; a
charming.
CAPTIVE, n. One taken in war ; a prisoner.
-CAP'TlVE, a. Made prisoner ; enslaved.
AP-TlV'I-TY, n. The state of being a prisoner ;
bondage ; subjection to love.
CAP'TOE, TO. One who takes a prize or a prisoner.
CAP'TCEE (kapt'yur), TO. A taking ; seizure of a
prize ; the thing taken.
-ClPTOEE, v. t. To take as a prize in war; to
take by force under the authority of a commis-
sion.
AP-U-CH'iN' (kap-yu-sheen'), n. A monk of the
order of St. Francis ; a cloak with a hood.
CA'PUT MOR'TU-UM, TO. [L.] Worthless residuum
or remains.
G AE, TO. A light cart ; a chariot.
CAR'A-COLE, TO. [Fr.] An oblique movement of a
horse ; a spiral staircase.
CAR
63
CAR
D6vE, WOLF, B9QK ; RL'LE, BrxL ; vl"cious. G as K j 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
GAR'AT, n. A term showing the fineness of gold
It supposes the whole mass to consist of 24 parts
or carats ; hence, if perfectly pure, it is 24 carats
fine ; if -|- pure, it is 18 carats fine, &c. In dia
monds, the carat is 4 grains.
CAR'A-VAN, n. A body of travelling pilgrims or
traders ; travelling cages of animals for show.
AR-A-VAN'SA-RY, | n. A kind of inn for cara
AR-A-VAN'SE-RA, ) vans of traveUers in Asia.
AB'A-VEL,-)n. A small vessel employed in the
AE'VEL, j herring fishery.
AK'A-WAY, n. An aromatic plant.
GAE'BlNE, ) n. A shortgun borne by light-horse-
AR'A-BlNE, f men.
GAK-BIN-EER', \n. A man who carries a car-
AE-A-BIN-EEE', j bine.
AR'BON, 7i. Pure charcoal; an elementary sub-
stance existing pure and crystallized in the dia-
mond.
AR-BON-A'CEOUS (-a'shus), a. Pertaining to or
containing carbon; coaly.
AR-BO-NA'RI, 71. Literally, coal-burners ; a
cret society in Italy aiming at republican institu-
tions.
GAR'BOISr-ATE, n. A compound of carbonic acid
and a base.
AR'BON-A-TED, a. Combined with carbonic
acid.
)AE-BON'I-G, a. Pertaining to or obtained from
carbon.
GAR-BON-lF'ER-OUS, a. Producing carbon or
coal ; coal-be_ari
CAR-BON-I-ZA TIOX, n. The act or process of
carbonizing.
AE'BON-IZE, v. t. To convert into carbon by
combustion or the action of heat.
GAE'BOY, n. A large glass bottle encased in
basket-work.
AE'BUN--GLE (-bunk-kl), n. An inflammatory
tumour ; a beautiful red gem or precious stone.
GAE'BUN-GLED (-bunk-kid), a. Spotted; set
with carbuncles.
AE'BU-RET, n. A combination of carbon with
some other substance, the resulting compound
not being an acid.
GAE'-GA-NET, n. A chain or collar of jewels.
GAE'-GASS, n. A dead body of an animal ; an old
frame or hull ; a perforated iron case filled with
combustibles for firing towns.
GAED, n. A piece of paper or pasteboard contain-
ing coloured figures (used in games) ; a name, ad-
dress, advertisement, &c. ; an explanatory or other
note in a newspaper ; an instrument for combing
wool or flax ; a compass-card.
GAED, v. t. To comb ; to open and make soft with
a card or carding machine ; v. i, to play much at
cards.
GAE'DA-MINE, n. A plant called lady's smock.
GAE'DA-MOM, 71. An aromatic seed used in medi-
cine.
GAED'ER, n. One who uses a card or tends a card-
f machine.
Sf'lt-AL,} Pertaining to the heart.
GAE'DI-NAL, a. Principal ; chief ; eminent. The
cardinal points are Forth, South, East, and West ;
the cardinal signs are Aries, Libra, Cancer, and
Capricorn ; the cardinal virtues are Prudence.
Justice, Temperance, and Fortitude ; the cardinal
numbers are one, two, &c., in distinction from the
ordinal nwnbers, first, second, &c.
AE'DI-NAL, n. A dignitary of the Roman Catho-
lic Church next in rank to the Pope ; a fowl ; a
woman's cloak.
CAE'DIN-AL-ATE, > n. The rank or office of a
GAE'DIN-AL - SHIP, j cardinal.
OARD'ING-MA-CHlNE' (-sheen'), n. A machine
for combing, breaking, and cleansing wool and
cotton.
AR-DI-OL'O-GY, n. The science which treats of
the heart.
> -MAK-EE, n. A maker of cards.
GARE (4), n. Heed with a view to safety; uneasi-
ness of mind; regard; caution; oversight. teYx.
Anxiety ; solicitude ; concern. Care belongs pri-
marily to the intellect, and becomes painful from
overburdening thought ; anxiety is a state of pain-
ful uneasiness from the dread of evil; solicitude
and concern express the same feeling in diminished
degrees.
-GARE, y. i. To be solicitous ; to heed or regard ;
to be inclined.
CA-REEN', v. t. or i. To heave on one side ; to in-
cline to one side.
-GA-EEEE', n. A course ; race ; a running.
GA-EEER', v. i. To move or run rapidly.
GAEE'FUL (4), a. Full of solicitude; cautious,
saving."
AEE'FyL-LY, ad. With care or caution.
-GARE'FUL-NESS, n. Great solicitude ; caution ;
viailance against evil.
-CAEE'LESS, a. Having no care; not regarding
with care. SYN. Heedless ; negligent ; thought-
less ; inattentive ; remiss ; supine ; unconcerned.
GARE'LESS-LY, ad. Without care ; in a careless
manner ; heedlessly.
-CAEE'LESS-NESS, n. Heedlessness ; inattention.
A-EESS', v. t. To embrace or treat with affec-
tion ; to fondle.
GA-EESS', n. Embrace; act of endearment.
-GA'EET, n.
GAE'GO, n.
This mark (A), noting an omission.
A ship's lading ; freight.
GAE'I-^A-TORE', n. A picture in which the fea-
tures are exaggerated in a laughable manner ; a
ludicrous representation.
AR'I--GA-TURE', v. t. To make a caricature; to
exhibit as more ugly than life.
GART-JA-TCR'IST, n. One who caricatures others.
CA'BI-ES (ka're-ez), n. [L.] Eottenness or decay
of a bone.
GAE'I-OLE, n. A small open carriage; a cohered
cart ; a kind of calash.
-GA'EI-OUS, a. Decayed; defective; ulcerated.
AEKTNG, a. Distressing; giving anxiety (obs.).
-GAEL, n. A rude, brutal man ; a kind of hemp.
-GAE'MAN, n. One who drives a cart.
-GAR'MEL-iTE, n. A mendicant friar; a sort of
pear.
GAR-MIN'A-TlVE, n. A medicine tending to re-
lieve flatulency ; a. anti-spasmodic ; relieving
flatulency.
{JAR'MlNE, n. A powder or pigment of a beauti-
ful crimson colour.
-GAR'NAGE, 71. Great destruction of lives. SYN.
Slaughter; butchery; massacre.
GAR'NAL, a. Fleshly; sensual; lewd.
GAR-NAL'I-TY, n. Fleshly desires; sensuality;
love of sensual pleasures.
ARTSTAL-1ZE, v. t. To debase to carnality.
H&SfNAlfliT, ad. According to the flesh.
AR'NAL-MIND'ED, a. Worldly-minded.
AR-NATION, n. Flesh colour; a beautiful flower.
-GAR-NEL'IAN (-nel'yan), n. A precious stone; a
reddish variety of chalcedony.
-GAR'NE-OUS, a. Having the qualities of flesh.
-GAR'NI-Ft, 0. i. To form flesh ; to become flesh.
-GAE'NI-VAL, n. A papal festival during twelve
days before Lent, celebrated with much pomp and
elE-NlV'O-EOUS, a. Feeding on flesh.
-GAR'OL, n. A song of joy, devotion, or praise.
AR'OL, v. i. To sing ; to warble ; v. t. to praise
or celebrate in song.
-GAR'OL-LLNG, n. A song of praise or devotion.
-GA-ROTTD, a.
lied to two arteries which
, . iti ppe o wo areres
carry the blood from the heart to the head.
-GA-ROUS'AL (-rou'zal), n. A noisy drinking bout.
SYN Feast; banquet. Feast is generic; a ban-
quet is a sumptuous feast; a carousal is unre-
strained indulgence in frolic and wine.
-GA-ROUSE', v. i. To drink freely and noisily.
-GA-ROUS'EE, n. A drinker ; a noisy reveller.
AEP, n. An excellent pond fish. [peevishly.
G AEP, v. t. To snap at ; to cavil ; to censure
OAK ' 64 CAS
1, fl, &c., long. I, fi, &c., sTiort. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT j TII^RE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
CAR-Y-A'TES, ~)n. pi. In architecture, carved
CAR-Y-AT'I-DES, ) figures of women in long
CARFAL, a. Pertaining to the wrist.
CAR'PEN-TER, n. A worker in timber ; a framer
and builder of houses or ships.
CAR'PEN-TRY, n. The art of building houses,
ships, &c., of timber ; the work of a carpenter.
CARP'ER, n. One who carps or cavils.
GAB/PET, n. A covering for a floor or stairs. To
be on the carpet, to be under consideration.
GAR/PET, v. i. To cover with a carpet.
CAR'PET-ED, a. Covered with a carpet.
CAR'PET-ING, n. Carpets in general; cloth for
carpets.
CARP'ING, a. Finding fault peevishly ; n. the act
of cavilling unreasonably.
CAR'RIAGE (kar'rij), n. The act of carrying; a
vehicle with two or more wheels ; that which
carries or is carried ; price of carrying ; mode of
carrying one's self. SYN. Vehicle ; conveyance ;
demeanour; behaviour.
AR'RIAGE-A-BLE, o. Passable by wheel car-
riages.
CAR'RI-ER, n. One who carries ; a porter.
CAR'RI-ON, n. Worthless or putrid flesh; a. re-
lating to carcasses ; feeding on carrion.
CAR-RON-ADE', n. A short piece of ordnance.
CAR'ROT, n. A garden plant and its root, used for
food.
AR'ROT-Y, a. In colour like a carrot, or reddish
yellow.
CAR'RY, v. i. To bear ; to convey ; to gain or ac-
complish ; to extend ; to manage ; to behave ; to
transfer ; to continue ; v, i. to convey, as a gun ;
to bear the head in a particular manner, as a
horse.
CAR'RY-ALL, n. [Corrupted from cariole.]
CART, n. A carriage of burden on two wheels;
v. t. to convey in a cart ; v. i. to use carts for car-
CART'AGE, n. Act of carting ; price of carting,
n A T>rTTTT T>T A TVT/TTTTTV f^'A^>4- TO ,-,"l-i/\ ri7 1 T?l.
CARTE-BLANCHE'
paper, signed at the bottom wi
(kart-blansh'), n. [Fr.]
3 bottom with a person'
Blank
_ erson's name,
to ~be filled up as another pleases; hence, uncon-
ditional terms.
CAR-TEL', n. An agreement for the exchange of
prisoners ; a ship sent for exchange of prisoners,
&c. ; a challenge.
CART'ER, n. One who drives a cart.
CAR-TE'SIAN (kar-te'zhan), o. Relating to the
philosophy of Des Cartes j n. one holding the
philosophy of Des Cartes.
CAR-THU'SIAN (-thu'zhan), a. Relating to an
order of monks so called from Chartreuse, the
place of their institution.
CAR'TI-LAGE, n. A tough, elastic substance;
gristle.
CAR-TI-LAGTN-OUS, o. Having the qualities of
CAR-TOG'RA-PHY, n. Art of preparing charts.
CAR'TON, n. A pasteboard box for holding nice
articles, as ribbons, &c.
CAR-TOON', n. A painting on large paper ; a de-
sign for tapestry or for fresco painting.
CAR-TOUCH' (kar-tooch'), n. A case for balls ; a
portable box for cartridges ; a roll or scroll in the
A paper case for a charge of
A box with cells for cart--
form of a tablet.
CARTRIDGE, n.
CARTRIDGE-BOX, n.
ridees.
CART-RUT, n. A track of a cart wheel.
CART'- WRIGHT, (-rite), n. A maker of carts.
CAR'UN-CLE, n. A fleshy excrescence.
CARVE, v. t. To cut into pieces, as meat at table ;
to cut figures on, or to cut into some form ; to
apportion ; to hew ; v. i. to cut up meat ; to prac-
tise as a sculptor.
CARVED (karvd), pp. or o. Cut; shaped by cut-
ting.
CARVER, n. One who carves ; a large knife for
carving.
CARVING, n. The act of cutting; the art of cut-
ting figures ; sculpture ; figures carved.
robes supporting an entablature.
CAS-CADE', n. A waterfall less than a cataract.
CAS-CA-RlL'LA, n. The bark of the Croton Eleu-
theria; atonic.
CASE, n. Literally, that which falls; hence, an
event or state of things ; a question at issue ; a
mode of varying words; a frame for printers'
type; a covering or packing-box. SYN. Situa-
tion; condition; state; circumstances; plight.
CASE, v. t. To cover with or put in a case.
CASE'-HARD-EN (-har'dn), v. t. To make hard on
the outside, as iron by changing the surface to
steel.
CASE'KNIFE (-nlfe), n. A kitchen or table knife.
CASE'MATE, n. In fortification, a vault of mason's
work in the flank of a bastion, serving as a battery
to defend the opposite bastion and ditch.
CASE'MAT-ED, a. Furnished with a casemate.
C ASETVIENT, n. A part of a window ; a sash turn-
ing on hinges ; a hollow moulding.
CA'SE-OUS, n. Having the qualities of cheese.
CA'SERN, n. A lodge for soldiers near the ram-
parts in a garrisoned town.
CASE'SHOT, n. Balls and other missiles inclosed
in a case; canister-shot.
CASH, n. Money; coin; ready money. *'
CASH, v. t. To turn into money ; to pay money for.
CASH'-BOOK, n. A book in which accounts of
money are kept.
CASH-EW'-NOT, n. The fruit of the cashew, a
tree which grows in the West Indies.
CASH-IER' (kash-eer'), n. A cash-keeper; the
officer of a bank, who superintends receipts, pay-
ments, &c.
CASH-IER' (kash-eer'), v. t. To dismiss from an
office or place of trust by annulling the commis-
sion ; to discard from service or from society ; to
reject ; to vacate.
CASH'MERE, n. A shawl, so called from the coun-
try where it was first made.
CAS'ING, n. Act of covering; covering with a
case ; a covering ; a kind of plastering.
CA-SI'NO (ka-se'no), n. [It.] A building used for
social meetings, card-playing, &c.
CASK (6), n. A wooden vessel for liquors, provi-
sions, &c., as a barrel, pipe, &c.
CASK, )n. A helmet ; defensive armour for the
CASQUE,) head.
C ASK'ET, 7i. A small box ; a chest for jewels.
CAS'SA-DA, n. A genus of plants affording the
two kinds of starch used for food, called tapioca
and cassava.
CAS-SA'TION, n. A repealing or making void.
CAS'SA-VA, n. A starch-like substance obtained
from the cassada plant.
CAS'SE-PA-PER, n. Broken paper; the two out-
side quires of a ream.
CAS'SIA (kash'ya), n. A genus of plants of many
species, including the senna ; also a species of
laurel.
CAS'SI-MERE, n. Twilled woollen cloth.
CAS-Sl'NO (ka-se'no), n. A game at cards.
CAS'SOCK, 71. A vestment worn by a clergyman
under his gown.
CAS'SO-WA-RY, n. A tall Asiatic bird resembling
the ostrich.
CAST (6), v. t. [pret. and pp. CAST.! To throw ; to
shed ; to fling ; to condemn ; to "found or form ;
to overcome ; to cashier ; to calculate ; to produce
abortively.
CAST, n. A throw; space thrown through; mo-
tion ; turn ; a tinge, or slight degree of ; appear-
ance ; form ; that which is cast or formed in a
mould ; a trick.
CAST, v. t. To receive form; to revolve in the
mind ; to contrive.
CAS'TA-NET, n. An instrument of music formed
of small concave shells of ivory or wood.
CAST' A- WAY (-wa), n. One abandoned to destruc-
tion.
CAS
CAT
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BULL ; VICIOUS. 6 as K J 6 as J j S ES Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
CASTE (6) , n. In Hindostan, a tribe or class of the
same profession, as the caste of Bramins ; a dis-
tinct rank or order of society.
CASTEL-LAN, n. The governor of a castle.
CASTEL-LA-TED, a. Inclosed ; adorned with
turrets and battlements like a castle.
G ASTER, n. A thrower ; a founder ; a computer ;
a small wheel and swivel on which furniture rolls ;
a frame with vials or bottles for the table.
GASTI-GATE, v. t. To punish by stripes. SYN. To
lash ; chastise.
CAS-TI-GATION, n. Punishment by stripes. SYN.
Chastisement ; correction ; discipline.
CASTI-GA-TOR, n. One who corrects.
CASTI-GA-TO-RY, a. Tending to correct.
CASTILE SOAP (kas'teel sope), n. A pure kind of
soap, white or mottled.
CASTING, n. Act of casting ; that which is cast
in a mould.
CAST'ING-NET, n. A net to be thrown by hand.
CASTING-VOTE, n. Vote of a presiding officer
which decides when the others are equally divided.
CASTLE (kas'sl), n. A fortified house ; a fortress ;
castle in the air, a visionary project ; v. t, in cliess,
to cover the king with a castle by a certain move.
CASTLE-BUlLD'ER, n. One who forms visionary
schemes.
CASTLED (kas'sld), a. Furnished with castles.
G ASTOR, . A beaver, or a hat made of its fur ; a
moiety of the constellation Gemini ; a meteor ap-
pearing on some part of a ship at sea.
CASTOR-OIL', n. The oil of the Palma Christi
nuts. It is a mild cathartic.
AS-TRA-ME-TATION, n. The act or art of en-
camping.
CASTRATE, v. t.
To geld ; to emasculate ; to
The act of gelding or of re-
make imperfect.
CAS-TRATION, n.
trenching.
CAS-TREN'SIAN, a. Belonging to a camp.
AST-STEEL, rv. Steel that has been fused in a
crucible and then cast into bars.
AS'0-AL (kazh'yu-al), a. Happeringby chance.
SYN. Accidental"; fortuitous ; incidental ; occa-
sional. Casual and fortuitous are substantially
the same; a thing is accidental when not planned
or sought, as a meeting incidental when it falls in
as secondary, or out of the regular course of
things, as remark ; occasional when it occurs only
now and then.
CAS'C-AL-LY, ad. Accidentally ; by chance.
AS'U-AL-TY (kazh'yu-al-ty), n. That which takes
place by accident; 'hence injury; loss. - SYN.
Chance ; misfortune ; contingency.
A$'0-IST (kazh'yu-ist), n, A resolver of cases of
conscience.
AS'0-IST-RY (kazh'yu-ist-ry), n. The skill or
practice of a casuist ; 'the science of determining
the right or wrong of acts and opinions.
AT, n. A domestic animal ; a coal-ship ; a tackle
to draw an anchor to the cat-head ; a double tri-
pod; a whip. [words.
AT-A--CHRE'SIS, n. An abuse of a trope or of
AT-A-GHRESTI, a. Belonging to a catachre-
sis ; forced ; far-fetched.
CATA-CLYSM, n. A deluge; a violent overflowing
of water.
CATA--GOMB (korne), n. A cave, grotto, or sub-
terraneous place for burial of the dead.
CATJH'FLY, n. The name of several viscid plants ;
campion with white flowers.
CATA-GRAPH. n. The first draft of a picture ; a
profile.
AT-A-LETI, a. Deficient in a syllable.
GAT-A-LE-CTI-G, n. A verse wanting one syllable.
CAT'A-LEP-SY, n. [Gr.] A disease which seizes
with a sudden suppression of motion.
GATA-LOGUE, n. A list or register of names.
Catalogue raisonnt, a catalogue of books classed
according to their subjects.
GA-TAL'PA, n. The Catalpa cordifolia, a large
southern flowering tree.
GAT- A-MA-RAN', n. A kind of raft ; a floating bat-
tery ; an explosive vessel for blowing up ships.
GAT-A-ME'NI-A, n. Monthly Sowings.
AT' A -MOUNT, n. A furious beast ; a wild-cat.
-CAT-A-PELTTC, a. Pertaining to the catapult.
-GAT'A-PLASM, n. A kind of soft poultice.
-GAT'A-PULT, n. An i ucieut engine for throwing
stones.
3ATA-RACT, n. A large waterfall; disorder n
the eye from the opacity of the lens or pupil.
-GA-TARRH' (ka-tar'), n. A defluxion or increased
secretion from the nose and bronchise.
A-TARRH'AL (-tar'-),) a. Pertaining to a ca-
A-TARRH'OUS, j tarrh or increased se-
cretion of mucus.
-GA-TASTRO-PHE, n. The winding up of a plot ;
final event ; an unfortunate conclusion ; calamity j
disaster.
-CATCALL, n. A squeaking instrument used to
condemn plays.
CATCH, v. t. [pret. and pp. CATCHED or CAUGHT'],
To lay hold of ; to stop ; to seize ; to ensnare ; lo
take an infection; v. i. to communicate ; to sproad
by infecting ; to seize and hold.
ATCH, n. Act of seizing; a snatch; anything
that takes hold; a sudden advantage taken; a
song, or part of it, which is caught up and
repeated.
!ATCH'ER, n. One who catches or seizes.
)ATCH'FLY, n. The name of several viscid plants
with white flowers ; campion.
-GATCH'ING, a. Infectious ; contagious.
GATCH'PEN-NY, n. Something worthless, used to
get money by catering to the popular taste or
credulity.
-GATCH'POLL, n. A bailiff's assistant.
-GATCH'UP, \ n. A liquor or condiment made of
GAT'SUP, $ tomatoes, mushrooms, &c., for a
sauce.
-CATCH'- WORD, n. A word by which we are to
catch what follows, as an actor from the prompt-
er's lips ; also, a word formerly printed under the
last line of a page, by which we may catc?i the first
word of the next page ; a key -word.
^AT-E-^HET'I-G, ") a. Consisting of questions
-GAT-E-CHET'ICAL, $ and answers.
CAT'E-GHXSE (kat'e-klze), v. t. To question ; to
teach by questions and answers; to interrogate
and instruct in religion.
-CAT'E-CHiS-ER, n. One who catechises.
-CAT'E-!HISM, n. A form of instructions by ques-
tions and answers ; an elementary book, in
which the principles of religion or of any branch
of knowledge are explained by question and an-
swer.
AT'E--GHIST, n. One who catechises.
AT-E-CHIST'I-C-AL, ) a. Pertaining to a cato
-CAT-E-GHIST'I-G, J chist or catechism.
-GAT / E--GHU (kat'e-ku), n. A brown astringent ex-
tract obtained in India.
AT-E-CHU'MEN (-ku'men), n. One in the rudi-
ments of Christianity ; one preparing himself for
baptism.
-CAT-E-GOR'I-C-AL, a. Pertaining to a category;
hence, absolute ; positive ; express ; not evasive.
-CAT-E-GpR'KJ-AL-LY, ad. Absolutely ; express-
ly ; positively.
-CAT'E-GO-RY, n. In logic, a class or order of ideas,
as quantity, quality, relation, &c. ; hence, state
or situation. SYN. Predicament. Category and
predicament are both popularly used to express the
idea of condition or situatio?i, but with this differ-
ence, that predicament supposes it to be a bad or
unfortunate one. Hence to say, "lam in the
same category with you," is not of necessity to
say, " I am in the same 2^edicament."
-CAT'E-NATE, v. i. To connect by links.
ClAT-E-NA'TION, n. Connection by links,
chain ; regular connection.
-CATER, v. i. To provide food. 5
CAT 66
I, fi, &c., long. A, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
ATER-ER, n. One who provides food.
A'TER-ESS, n. A woman who provides food.
CAT'ER-PIL-LAR, n. A well-known creeping ani-
mal, being the worm-state of butterflies and
moths.
GAT'ER-WAUL, v. i. To cry as a cat in rutting time.
GATES, n. pi. Delicious food; viands.
GAT'FISH, n. A fish of the shark kind ; also a
fresh-water fish of the bull -head kind.
CAT'GUT, n. Intestines of sheep and other ani-
mals dried and twisted for strings ; a kind of
linen or canvas with wide interstices.
GATH'A-RIST, n. One who pretends to extraor-
dinary purity.
ClT'-HARP-INGS, n. pi. Small brace-ropes for
the shrouds of a ship.
GA-THAR'TIG, ) a. Purging ; cleansing the
CA-THAR'TI-AL,j" bowels.
CA-THAR'TIC, n. A purgative medicine.
GAT'HEAD (katligd), n. The name of two project-
ing timbers at a ship's bow, with pulleys for
adjusting the anchors when weighed.
CATH'E-DRA or CA-THWDRA, n. [Or.] A chair;
the seat of a person in authority.
GA-THE'DRAL, n. The principal church in a
diocese ; a. relating to a cathedral.
GATH'E-TER, n. In surgery, a tubular instrument
for drawing off urine.
GATH'O-LIC, o. Embracing the whole ; not ex-
clusive ; pertaining to all Christians. SYN. Uni-
versal; liberal; comprehensive.
GATH'O-LI!, n. A Roman Catholic ; a Papist.
GA-THOL'I-CISM, n. Universality; liberality;
the faith of the whole Church ; the Roman Catho-
lic religion.
ATH-O-LiC'I-TY (-lis'e-ty), n. The faith of the
early fathers and councils ; freedom from secta-
rianism or narrowness of views ; Popery.
CA-THOL'I-ON, n. A universal medicine.
eAT'KHST, n. A calyx, having chaffy scales on a
stalk, as in the willow.
G AT'LING, n. A dismembering knife ; tlie down or
moss of walnut-trees ; catgut.
GAT'MINT, \n. A plant resembling mint, of
GAT'NIP, j which cats are fond.
GAT-O'-NINETAILS, n. A whip with nine lashes.
GA-TOP'TRIC, > a. Relating to catoptrics, or
A-TOP'TRI-C-AL, ) vision by reflection.
OA-TOP'TRICS, n. pi. [Gr.] That part of optics
which explains the properties of reflected light.
)AT'S'FOQT, n. A plant ; the ground ivy.
AT'S'-PAW, n. A dupe ; the instrument of an-
other ; in sea phrase, a light air perceived by a
partial rippling of the water.
AT'TLE (kat'tl), n. Beasts of pasture; animals
of the bovine kind.
GAT'TLE-SHOW, n. An exhibition of domestic
animals for prizes, or the encouragement of agri-
culture.
GAU'-GUS, 7i. A preparatory meeting for election-
eering purposes.
AU'DAL, a. Pertaining to the tail, or to the
thread which terminates the seed of a plant.
GAU'DATE, o. Having a tail or a tail-like termi-
nation.
CAU'DLE, n. A mixture of wine and other ingre-
dients for the sick.
JAUF, n. A chest with holes for keeping fish alive
in water.
CAUL, n. A membrane covering the lower part of
the bowels ; a kind of net for inclosing the hair.
GAU-LES'CENT, a. Having a herbaceous stem
bearing both leaves and fructification.
GAU'LI-FLOW-ER, n. A delicate species of cab-
bage.
-SAUS'AL (kaw'zal), o. Relating to or implying
causes.
JAUS-AL'I-TY, n. In phrenology, the faculty of
tracing effects to causes ; agency of a cause.
AU$-ATION, n. Act of causing or producing.
GAUS'A-TIVE, a. That expresses a cause; that
effects, as a cause.
CAV
F^LL, WH.J.T; TH^RE, T^RM ; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
CJAUS'A-TlVE-LY, ad. In a causative manner.
-CAUSE (kawz), n. That which produces an effect ;
a suit at law ; side or party ; impulse to action ;
reason ; a final cause is the end or object at which
we aim. SYN. Agency; motive ; inducement.
CAUSE, v. t. To produce ; to effect ; to make to
exist.
-CAUSE'LESS, a. Having no just cause or no pro-
ducing agent ; without cause.
CAUSE'LESS-LY, ad. Without cause or reason.
CAUSE'LESS-NESS, n. The state of being cause-
less ; groundlessness.
CAUS'ER, n. The agent that produces; he that
causes.
AUSE'WAY, ) n. A raised way over wet ground :
-CAUS'EY, j a road laid with stones.
CAUSTIC, a. Acting like fire; burning; exces-
sively severe ; corroding the flesh. SYN. Sting-
ing ; cutting ; pungent.
CAUSTK3, n. A burning or corroding application.
Lunar caustic, nitrate of silver used as a corrosive.
-CAUS-TIC'I-TY (kaus-tis'e-ty), n. The quality of
burning or corroding ; great severity.
CAU'TEL-OUS, a. Cautious ; cunning ; crafty.
CAUTER, n. A searing hot iron.
AU'TER-ISM, n. The application of a cautery.
!AU'TER-IZE, v. t. To burn or sear with a hot
iron or caustic.
-CAU'TER-IZ-ING, n. Act of burning, as with a
hot iron.
CAU'TER-Y, 7i. A burning or searing, as morbid
flesh, with a hot iron or caustic ; a hot iron or a
caustic substance.
CAU'TION, n. Provident care ; wariness ; warn-
ing against evil. SYN. Forethought ; forecast ;
prudence ; injunction ; precept ; exhortation.
-CAU'TION, v. t. To warn ; to give notice of dan-
ger ; to advise against ; to admonish.
JAU'TION-A-RY, a. Containing caution ; given as
a pledge.
AU'TIOUS, a . Watchful against danger ; ex-
tremely careful. SYN. Wary; circumspect. A
man is cautious chiefly as the result of timidity ;
one may be icary, i.e., watchful in a high degree
against danger, and yet bold and active ; a cir-
cumspect man Zoofcs around him to weigh and de-
liberate.
-CAU'TIOUS-LY, ad. Prudently; with caution.
AU'TIOUS-NESS, n. The quality of being cau-
tious ; care to avoid danger ; prudence.
CAV'AL--CADE, n. A procession on horseback.
43AV-A-LIER' (kav-a-leer'), n. A horseman, espe-
cially an armed horseman ; a knight ; one of the
party of Charles I., in distinction from the Round-
heads, or opposite party.
-CAV-A-LIER', a. F.rave; warlike; haughty.
CAV-A-LIER'LY, ad. Haughtily ; arrogantly.
3AV'AL-RY, n. Military troops on horses.
CA-VASS', n. A Turkish policeman or government
attendant.
CAV-A-TTNA (kav-a-te'na), n. [It.] In music, a
short air, without a return or second part.
-CAVE, n. A den ; a hollow place in the earth ; a
cavern.
-CAVE, v. t. To make hollow ; v. i. to dwell in a
cave ; to cave in, to fall in and leave a hollow.
CA'VE-AT, n. [L.] A process in law to stop pro-
ceedings ; a caution ; a warning.
CAVERN, n. A large cave ; a hollow place in the
earth.
-CAV'ERNED (kav'ernd), n. Full of caverns j
lodged in a cavern.
AV'ERN-OUS, a. FuU of caverns.
-C A-VlARE' (ka-veer'), > n. The roes of certain fish,
-CAV'I-AR (kav'e-ar), $ as the sturgeon, prepared
and salted.
-CAVIL, v. i. To raise captious or futile objections ;
n. false or frivolous objections.
^AV'IL-LER, n. One who raises captious objec-
tions ; a captious disputant.
CAV'I-TY, n. A hollow place. SYN. Opening;
aperture.
CAW
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ;
67
CEN
; vf'cious -e as K ; 6 as J j s as z ', CH as SH ; THIS.
fc'AW, . i. To cry as a rook or crow.
AY-NNE' (ka-en'), n. A species of very pungent
AY'VAN (ka'man), n. The American alligator.
A-ZlQUE', } (ka-zeek'), n. An Indian chief in
A-ZI-e', $ Mexico.
CEASE (seece), v. i. To stop or leave off; to be
wanting ; to be at an end ; to abstain. SYN. To
desist ; forbear ; fail ; discontinue ; v. t. to put a
stop to. [sant.
CEASE'LESS, a. Never ceasing; endless; inces-
CEASE'LESS-LY, ad. vVithout stopping; inces-
santly ; perpetually.
CEAS'ING, . Cessation; stopping; peace.
CE'DAE, n. A genus of evergreen trees.
CEDE, v. t. To yield up to another ; to give up.
SYN. To relinquish ; surrender ; resign ; transfer.
CE-DlL'LA, n. A mark under the letter c, in
French, showing that it sounds like s, thus 9.
CE'DElNE, a. Belonging to cedar.
CEIL (seel), v. t. To cover or line the inner roof
of a building or top of a room.
CEIL'ING (seel'ing), n. The covering of the inner
roof or top of a room ; the surface of an apart-
ment overhead ; the inside planks of a ship.
CEL'E-BEATE, v. t. To make known with honour ;
to distinguish by ceremonies or marks of joy.
SYN. To praise; extol; commemorate. Exiol
is stronger than praise; we commemorate events
which we desire to cherish in affectionate remem-
brance by appropriate rites, as the death of our
Saviour ; we celebrate by demonstrations of public
joy, as the birthday of our Sovereign.
CEL'E-BEA-TED, a. Praised; extolled ; honoured ;
famous ; renowned.
CEL-E-BEA-TION, n. The act of celebrating ; an
honouring with praise or solemnities ; commemo-
ration by marks of joy or respect.
CEL'E-BEA-TOR, n. One who celebrates.
CE-LEBRI-TY, n. Public fame or distinction; a
distinguished personage. SYN. Eenown; honour;
reptite.
CE-LEE'I-TY, n. Swiftness or rapidity of motion
in living beings. SYN. Speed; velocity; fleet-
ness.
CEL'E-EY, n. A plant used as a salad.
CE-LES'TIAL (-lest'yal), a. Heavenly; pertaining
to heaven ; belonging to the upper regions or
visible heavens; n. an inhabitant of heaven.
CfiL'I-BA-CY, n. Single life ; unmarried state.
CEL'I-BATE, n. An unmarried person ; single life;
celibacy.
CELL, n. A small, close room or habitation, as in
a prison, or of a monk or hermit; a small cavity ;
a vescicle.
CEL'LAE, n. A room under a house or building.
CL'LAE-AGE, n. Cellars in general; space in a
cellar ; charge for storage in a cellar.
CEL'LU-LAE, a. Consisting of cells ; full of minute
cavities.
CELT, ") n. A primitive inhabitant of eentral and
KELT, 3 western Europe ; in Archaeology an imple-
ment of stone or bronze.
CLT'I, a. Pertaining to the Celts ; n. the lan-
guage of the Celts.
CELT'I-CISM, n. The customs of the Celts.
CEM'ENT or CE-MfiNT', n. An adhesive sub-
stance which unites bodies; water-lime; figura-
tively, a bond of union between persons.
CE-MENT', v. t. To unite by some cohesive sub-
stance ; to join closely ; v. i. to unite and become
solid ; to cohere.
CEM-ENT-A'TION. n. The act of uniting by ce-
ment ; the process of affecting or changing a body
by heating it to redness while encompassed with
some powdered substance or paste, as converting
iron to steel by cementation with charcoal.
CE-MENTEE, n. The person or thing that ce-
ments.
CEM'E-TER-Y, n. A place for the burial of the
dead bodies of human beings. [or convent.
CEN'0-BITE, n. A monk who lives in a community
CEN-O-BlTie-AL, a. Living in community.
CEN'O-TAPH (sen'o-taf), n. A monument for ono
buried elsewhere.
CENSE, v. t. To perfume with odours.
CENS'EE, n. A pan or vase in which incense is
burned.
CEN'SOE, n. A Eoman magistrate who inspected
morals ; one empowered to examine manuscripts
for the press ; a critic.
CEN-SO'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a censor.
CEN-SO'RI-OUS, a. Severe; full of invectives;
addicted to censure.
CEN-SO'RI-OUS-LY, ad. In a censorious manner.
CEN-SO'RI-OUS-NESS, n. Disposition to cen-
sure ; habit of blaming and condemning.
CEN-SOR-SHIP, n. The office of a censor.
CEN'SUR-A-BLE (sen'shur-), a. Deserving of cen-
sure.
CEN'SUE-A-BLY (sen'shur-), ad. In a manner
worthy of blame.
CEN'SOEE (sSn'shure), n. The act of blaming or
condemning as wrong. SYN. Eeprimand; blame;
fault-finding; reproach.
CEN'SUEE, v. t. To find fault with to condemn
as wrong. SYN. To blame; condemn; reprove;
reproach ; to judge.
CfiN'StJE-EE (sen'shur-er), n. One that blames 01
finds fault with.
CENSUS, n. Enumeration of inhabitants taken
by public authority.
CENT, n. Abbreviation for hundred, as per cent,,
denoting a rate by the hundred ; a copper coin oi
the United States, value the hundredth part of a
dollar.
CENT'AGE, n. Rate by the hundred.
CENT'AUR, n. A fabulous being, half man, half
horse; one of the constellations.
CEN-TE-NA'EI-AN, n. One of a hundred years.
OEN'TAU-RY, n. A plant of tonic properties.
CN'TE-NA-EY, a. Pertaining to a hundred; n.
the number of a hundred.
CEN-TEN'NI-AL, a. Pertaining to or happening
every hundred years.
CENTEE,) n. The middle point of a thing, as of
CENTEE, j a circle; the middle object. In an
army, the troops occupying the place between the
wings.
CEN'TEE,) v. t. To place on the middle point ;
CENTRE,) to determine the centre of; to collect
to a point; v. i. to meet in a point; to rest on;
to be placed in the middle.
CEN'TEE-BIT, ) w. An instrument turning on a
CENTRE-BIT,/ projecting centre for boring
holes.
CEN'TEE-ING, n. The temporary frame on which
an arch is supported during its construction.
CEN-TES'I-MAL, a. The hundredth.
CEN-TES-I-MA'TION, n. Selection of every hun-
dredth person for punishment.
CEN-TI-FO'LI-OUS, a. Having a hundred leaves.
CEN'TI-GRADE, a. A centigrade thermometer has
the space between the freezing and boiling points
divided into 100 degrees.
CEN'Tl-GRAH, n. [J5Y.] The hundredth part of a
gramme.
CEN-TlL'0-QUY, n. Ahundied-fold discourse.
CEN-TIME' (san-teemO, n. [Fr.] The hundredth
part of a franc.
CEN'TI-PED, n. An insect having a hundred or a
great number of feet.
CEN'TO, n. A continuous composition, made up of
passages from different authors.
CfiN'TEAL, a. Belonging to the middle point;
middle ; placed in the centre ; connected with a
centre.
CEN-TEAL1-TY, n. The state of being central.
CEN-TEAL-I-ZA'TION, n. Act of centralizing.
CEN'TRAL-IZE, v. t. To draw to a central point.
CEN'TUAL-LY, ad. In the centre; in a central
manner or position.
CENTRIC, a. Placed in the centre.
CEN TRre-AL-LY, ad. In a central position.
CEN
68
CHA
I, fi, &e., long. I. fi, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, F^LL, WH^/T; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
CEN-TRlF'U-GAL, o. Tending from the centre.
CEN-TBlPE-TAL, a. Tending to the centre.
CEN-TCM'VIR, n. ; pi. CEN-TC-M'VI-RI. One of a
hundred and five judges in ancient Rome.
CEN-TOM'VI-RAL, a. Pertaining to centumvirs.
CEN'TU-PLE, a. A hundred-fold.
CENTU-PLE, v. t. To multiply a hundred-fold.
CEN-TtT'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a century.
CEN-TC'RI-ON, n. Among the Romans, a military
officer over one hundred men.
CENT'0-RY (sent'yu-ry), n. The period of a hun-
dred years ; a hundred.
CE-PHALTC (fal'ik), a. Belonging to the head ; n.
a medicine for the head.
CEPH'AL-O-POI), n, An order of molluscous ani-
mals, embracing the cuttle-fish, with tentacles
round the mouth.
CE-RA'CEOUS (-ra'shus), a. Wax-like ; partaking
of the nature of wax.
CE-RAS'T$, n. A genus of poisonous African ser-
pents with small horns.
CE'RATE, n. An ointment of wax and oil.
CE'RA-TED, o. Covered with wax.
CERE, v. t. To cover or smear with wax.
CE'RE-AL, a. Pertaining to edible grain.
i * The edible s rains -
CER-E-BEL'LUM, n. Tlie hinder and lower part
of the brain, or the little brain.
CfiR'E-BRAL, o. Pertaining to the brain.
CER'E-BRUH, n. [L.] The front and larger part of
the brain.
CERE'LOTH, n. A cloth dipped in wax.
CERE'MENT, n. Cloth dipped in melted wax, and
wrapped about dead bodies previous to embalm-
ing.
CER-E-MO'NI-AL, a. Relating to external rites ;
ritual ; formal ; n. outward form or rite ; pre-
scriptive formality.
CER-E-MO'NI-OUS, a. Full of ceremony ; atten-
tive to established usages ; formal ; exact ; pre-
cise.
CER-E-MO'NI-OTJS-LY, ad. With formality ; in a
ceremonious manner.
CER-E-MO'NI-OUS-NESS, n. Formality ; affecta-
tion of politeness.
CR'E-MO-NY, n. Outward rite ; form of civility ;
external form in religion; impressive forms of
state.
CE'RE-OUS, a. Waxen ; like wax.
CE'RI-UM, n. A metal discovered in Sweden, of
great specific gravity.
CE-RtJG'RA-PHY, n. The art of engraving on wax.
CER'TAIN (13) a. That cannot be denied ; assured
of; without failure; regularly established; par-
ticular. SYN. Sure; undeniable; indubitable;
indisputable ; undoubting ; constant ; stated.
CER'TAIN-LY, ad. Surely; without fail.
CfiR'TAIN-NESS, n. The quality of being certain.
CER'TAIN-TY, n. Full assurance ; truth ; settled
state ; exemption from failure.
CERTES, ad. Certainly ; in truth fobs.)
CER-TlF'I-GATE, n. A writing to attest some
fact.
CER-TlF'I-ATE, v. t. or i. To lodge a certificate
with the proper officer ; to give a certificate to.
CER-TI-FI-CiA'TION, n. The act of certifying.
CER'TI-FT (13), v. t. To give certain notice; to
testify in writing.
CER-TIO-RA'RI (ser-sho-ra'ri), n. [L.] In law, a
writ of a superior court to call up the records of
an inferior court.
CER'TI-TCDE, n. Certainty; assurance.
8tSSxlo&> Sty-coloured; blue.
CE-RU'MEN, n. [L.] Wax secreted by the ear.
CE'RtTSE, n. White lead ;an acetate of lead.
CER'VI-AL, o. Belonging to the neck.
CER'VlNE, a. Pertaining to the deer kind.
CE-SA'RE-AN, o. Noting the operation of cutting
into the womb to remove a child, us w\s done, it
is said, at the birth of Csesar.
CES'PI-TOUS, o. Pertaining to turf; turfy.
CES-SA'TION, n. A ceasing or discontinuing.
SYN. Stop; rest; pause; intermission. Stop ig
generic ; cessation is a ceasing from action, either
temporary or final; pa-use is a temporary stop-
ping ; rest is a stopping for the sake of relief or
repose ; intermission is a stopping at intervals to
recommence.
CES-SA'VIT, n. [L.] A writ to recover lands of a
tenant.
CES'SION (sSsh'un), n. A giving up; a yielding;
surrender.
CESS'-POOL, n. A cavity under ground to receive
filth from drains.
CESTUS, n. The girdle of Venus ; a leather cover-
ing for the hands of boxers.
CE-SU'RA, or CE-SC'RA, n. A pause in verse to
aid the melody in recitation.
CE-SU'RAL, a. Pertaining to a cesura.
CE-TA'CE-A, ) n. The order of cetaceous am-
CE-TA'CE-AN, j mals; marine mammalia aa
whales.
CE-TA'CEOUS (-shus), a. Pertaining to whales.
CE'TIC, a. Pertaining to the whale.
CE-TOl/0-GY, n, The natural history of cetaceous
animals, or the whale.
CHAFE, v. t. k !To excite or wear by friction ; to ex-
cite or inflame ; to incense ; to cause to fret ; to
gall ; to agitate ; v. i. to be excited or heated ; to
rage ; to fret ; to fret against ; to be fretted and
worn. SYN. To rub; gall; vex; provoke.
CHAFE, n. Heat excited ; irritation ; fume ; fret ;
passion.
CHAF'ER, n. One who chafes ; a species of beetle.
CHAF-ER-Y, n. A forge for hammering iron into
bars.
CHAFE'-WAX, n. An officer belonging to the
Lord Chancellor, who fits the wax for the sealing
of writs.
CHAFF (6.), n. The husks or dry calyxes of corn
and grasses ; light, worthless matter ; refuse.
CHAF'FER, v.i. To treat about a purchase; to
haggle ; to bargain.
CHAF'FER-ER, n. One who chaffers ; a hard bar-
?ainer.
AF'FINCH, n. A species of small birds.
CHAFF'Y, a. Abounding with chaff; like chaff;
CHAF'iNG-DlSH, n. A dish for hot coals ; a port-
able grate to heat things on.
CHA-GRlN' (sha-grm), n. A keen feeling of ill-
humour or fretfulness. SYN. Vexation ; mortifi-
cation. Vexation springs from a sense of loss, dis-
appointment, &c. ; mortification from wounded
pride ; chagrin may spring from either, and is
not usually so keen or lasting.
CHA-GRlN', v. t. To vex; to mortify; to excite
ill-humour in.
CHAIN, n. A series of connected links ; a series ;
a succession ; that which confines or fetters ; a
bond; bondage; in land-measurmg, a chain of 100
links = 66 feet.
CHAIN, v. t. To fasten with a chain; to make
fast ; to enslave ; to keep in slavery ; to unite ;
to measure with a chain.
CHAINED (chand), pp. or a. Bound or fastened
with a chain.
CHAIN'LESS, a. Having no chains.
CHAIN'-PUMP, n. A pump consisting of an end-
less chain, carrying discs or valves, and passing
down one tube and up another.
CHAIN'-SHOT, n. Two balls or half balls fastened
by a chain, used to cut down masts, c.
CHAIN'-WORK, n. Work consisting of cords, &c.,
linked together.
CHAIR (4), v. t. To carry publicly in a chair in
triumph.
CHAIR, n. A moveable seat ; a sedan ; the seat or
office of a professor ; the seat of a presiding offi-
cer, or the officer himself, as, to address the chair;
an iron socket to support the rails on a railway
a pulpit.
CHA
69
CHA
D6VE, WOLF, BQ9K ; RULE, B^LL ; Vf'CIOVt 6 OS K ; 6 OS J ; 8 as Z J CH OS SH J THIS.
CHAIR/MAX, 71. A presiding officer in a meeting. CHANCE (6), n. An unforeseen occurrence; a hap-
CHAISE (shaze), n. A two-wheeled pleasure car
nage ; a gig.
HAL-CD'O-NY or -GHAL'CE-DO-NY, n.
precious stone of a whitish colour ; a translucen
variety of quartz.
HAL-eOG'RA-PHY, n. The art of engraving o
brass or copper.
CHAL-D1/H3, o. Pertaining to Chaldea, near th
river Euphrates, the Shinar of the Scriptures,
HAL'DEE, n. The language or dialect of Chaldea
a. pertaining to Chaldea.
CHAL'DRON, n. A measure of 36 bushels of coals
CHAL'ICE (challis), n. A cup; usually a com
munion cup.
CHAL'lCED (chaTlM), o. Having a cell or cup.
CHALK (chauk), n. A white calcareous earth
Red chalk, a hard, clayey ochre. French chalk,
soft steatite or soap-stone.
CHALK (chauk), v. t. To mark with chalk.
CHALK'-STONE, n. A calcareous concretion in
the hand or foot of a gouty person.
CHALK'Y (chauk'y), a. Like or > partaking o
chalk.
CHAL'LENGE, v. t. To claim ; to call to fight o:
to contend ; to object to a juror or jury as disquali
fled ; to object to ; to call to the performance o
conditions.
CHAL'LENGE, n. A summons to combat ; a cal
to any contest ; exception to a juror or voter.
CHAL'LENGE-A-BLE, a. That maybe challenged
CHAL'LENG-ER, n. One who challenges.
HA-LYB'E-ATE (ka-lib'e-ate), o. Impregnated
with iron.
eHA-LYB'E-ATE, n. "Water or any other liquor
containing iron in solution.
CRA-NADE fsha-made'),Ti. [Fr.] Beat of a drum or
so_und of a trumpet inviting to a parley.
CHAM'BER, . An upper room ; a private apart
ment ; a place where an assembly meets, or the
assembly itself; a hollow or cavity.
CHAM'BER, v. i. To lodge ; to be wanton ; v. t. to
shut up in a chamber.
CHAM'BER-eOUN'SEL, n. A counsellor who
gives opinions in private, but does not plead in
court.
CHAM'BER-ER, n. One who intrigues or indulges
in wantonness.
CHAM'BER-ING, n. Wanton, lewd behaviour.
CHAM'BER-LAIN, n. An officer in charge of the
private apartments of a monarch or noble ; a mr
servant in charge of the chambers at a hotel;
the treasurer of a municipal corporation.
CHAM'BER-LAIN-SHIP, n. Office of chamberlain
CHAM'BER-MAID, n. A female servant who has
the care of bedchambers.
HA-ME'LE-ON (ka-me'-), n. A species of lizard ;
noted for their changes of colour.
CHA-ME'LE-ON-IZE, v. t. To change into various
colours.
CHAM'FER, r. t. To cut grooves; to cut in a
sloping form ; to wrinkle.
CHAM'FER, \n. A small furrow or channel ; a
CHAM'FRET, 5 slope or bevel.
CHAM'OIS (sham'my or sha-moy'), n. An animal
of the antelope kind ; also, the soft leather made
of its skin.
HAM'0-MILE (kam'o-mile), n. The popular
came of a bitter plant used in medicine.
CHAMP, v. t. To chew ; to bite with frequent ac-
tion of the teeth ; to masticate ; v. i. to chew ; to
strike the teeth together repeatedly.
CHAM-PAGNE' (sham-pane'), n. A species of
sparkling French wine.
CHAM-PAIGN' (sham-pane'), n. A flat open coun-
try ; a. level ; open, as a champaign country.
CHAM'PER-TY, n. Maintenance of a lawsuit on
condition of receiving a share of the property in
dispute in case of success.
CHAM'PI-ON, n. A combatant for another or for
a cause; a defender or vindicator; a hero; r. t.
to challenge to combat.
pening fortuitously. SYN. Luck; accident; haz-
ard ; fortune ; opportunity.
CHANCE, v. i. To happen ; to come unexpectedly.
CHANCE, a. Happening by chance; casual; for-
tuitous.
CHAN'CEL n. The part of a church where the
altar or communion table is placed.
CHAN'CEL-LOR (6), n. A high officer of state or
of some public establishment ; a judge of a court
of chancery or equity.
CHAN'CEL-LOR-SHIP 71. The office of a chan-
cellor.
CHANCE'-MED-LEY, n. The killing of a person
by chance or in self-defence ; unintentional homi-
cide.
CHAN'CE-RY, n. A court of equity.
CHAN'RE (shank'er), n. A venereal ulcer.
CHAN'ROUS (shank'rus), a. Ulcerous; like a
chancre.
CHAN-DE-LIER' (shan-de-leer'), n. A frame with
branches for candles or lights.
CHAN'DLER, n. One who deals in candles; a
general dealer, as a ship-chandler, corn-chandler.
CHAN'DLER-Y, n. Commodities sold by a chand-
ler.
HANGE, v. i. To be changed ; to undergo a varia-
tion.
HANGE, v. t. To cause to pass from one state to
another; to make different. SYN. To alter; to
substitute one thing for another ; to exchange.
HANGE, n. Alteration ; the exchanging of things
by succession, substitution, &c. ; small money ;
balance in purchasing, as to make change ; abbre-
viation for Exchange. SYN. Variety; variation;
innovation; mutation; revolution; vicissitude.
CHANGE'A-BLE, a. Fickle; inconstant; that
may alter ; subject to alteration.
CHANGE'A-BLE-NESS, > n. Quality of being
CHANGE-A-BIL'I-TY, j changeable; fickle-
ness; mutability.
CHANGE'FUL, a. Full of change ; changeable.
CHANGE'LESS, a. Constant ; not admitting al-
teration.
CHANGE'LING, n. A fickle person ; an idiot ; a
child put in place of another.
CHANG'ER, n. One who alters or who exchanges
money.
liAJS'^NEL, n. Course for a stream ; deepest part
of a river, strait, &c., where vessels most readily
pass ; a strait or arm of the sea ; a groove ; gut-
ter ; means of passing or transmitting.
OHAN'NEL, v. t. To cut into channels or grooves.
CHAN'NELED (chan'neld), a. Grooved length-
wise.
HANT (6), v. t. To sing in a recitative manner;
to sing ; to celebrate in song ; v. i. to sing in re-
citative ; to make vocal melody; to sing in the
manner of a chant.
CHANT, n. A song; a peculiar kind of sacred
music, in which prose is sung with less variety of
intonation than in common airs.
DHANTER, n. One who chants ; a singer ; a chief
singer ; the tenor or treble pipe of a bag-pipe.
CHANT'I-GLEER, n. The male of domestic fowls ;
a cock. ^
HlNT'ING, n. Act of singing, as chants.
HAN1 V RY, n. An endowed chapel in which
masses for the dead are celebrated.
HA'OS (ka'os), n. Confused mass ; disorder ; un-
distinguishable mixture of elements before re-
duction to order ; disorganization.
HA-OT'I-G, a. Being in confusion; mixed in dis-
order.
HAP (chSp or chop), n. A crack in flesh ; a cleft ;
a jaw ; pi. the mouth.
HAP (chap or chop), v. i. To cleave or crack.
HAP, n. A boy ; a youth ; a buyer.
HAP (chap or chop), v. t. To open ; to crack ; to
crack in fissures.
HAP-AR-RAL', n. [Sp.] A thicket, especially of
evergreen oak.
CHA 70
I, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST
CHAPE, 7i. A thin plate at the point of a scabbard
catch of a buckle or other thing.
CH4P'EAU (shap'po), n. [Fr.] A hat or cap.
CHAP'EL, n. A house for religious worship con
nectedwith a church, or with some establishment
public or private ; a place of worship ; a printer'
workhouse, or an association of men in a printing
office.
CHAP'EL-ET, > 7i. A pair of stirrup leathers, with
CHAP'LET, f stirrups. [chapel
CHAFEL-RY, n. The district or jurisdiction of a
CHAFE-KON (shap'e-ron), v. t. To attend on a
lady in public places or assemblies.
CHAFE-RON, n. A kind of hood ; a lady's at
tendant and protector in public ; a protector.
CHAFF ALL-EN (chop'faln), a. Dejected ; dis
pirited"
CHAP'I-TER, n. The capital of a column.
CHAP'LAIN (-lin), n. A minister who officiates ii
a chapel ; also, one who ministers in the army
navy, a public body, or family.
CHA
CHAP'LET, n. A garland or wreath for the head
a string of beads used to enumerate prayers.
CHAP'MANn. One who deals in goods ; a cheap
euer ; a market-man.
CHAPPED (chapt or chopt), o. Cracked.
CH APS (chops), n. pi. The mouth or jaws.
CHAP'TER, 7i. A division of a book ; an organized
branch of some body, as the clergy, or of some
society or fraternity ; a decretal epistle.
CHAR, v. t. To reduce to coal by burning.
CHAR, 7i. See CHORE.
eHAR'A-TER, n. A mark; letter; the settled
and distinctive qualities of a person or thing ;
reputation ; a person,
HAR'A-TER, v. t. To engrave ; to inscribe ; to
distinguish or characterize.
eHAR-A-e-TER-lSTK), \a. Constituting clia
GHAR-A-TER-IS'TI-AL, $ racter ; that marks
the distinctive qualities of a person or thing.
GHAR-A-e-TER-lS'TI-e, n. That which consti-
tutes the character, or which characterizes.
GHAR-A!-TER-lS'TI-e-AL-LY, ad. In a manner
peculiar to character.
GHAR'AG-TER-IZE, v. t. To give character, or to
describe by peculiar qualities. SYN. To mark;
describe ; distinguish ; designate.
CHA-RADE' (sha-rade'), 71. A composition in which
are described enigmatically the objects expressed
by each syllable of a word, separately, and then
by the word as a whole ; a riddle.
CHARCOAL, n. Wood, from which volatile matter
has been expelled by fire, out of contact with the
atmosphere.
CHARGE, v. i. To make an onset ; v. t. to enjoin ;
to exnort ; to impute ; to load ; to attack ; to put
or lay on ; to accuse ; to set to the account of.
CHARGE, n. Care; command; injunction; in-
struction ; expense ; the debit side of an account ;
sum demanded for a thing; attack or onset;
quantity of powder, c., to load a gun or the like ;
load; trust.
CHARGE'A-BLE, o. That may or should be
charged; subject to a charge; expensive; incur-
ring expense; accusable.
CHARGE' A-BLE-NESS, n. Expensiveness.
CHARGE' A-BLY, ad. With expense or cost.
CHAR-GE' D'AF-FAIRES' (shar-zha' daf-fare'), n.
[Fr.] A minister intrusted with affairs of state at
a foreign court.
CHARG'ER, n. A large dish ; a horse for attack.
CHAR'I-LY, ad. Carefully ; warily. See CHARY.
CHAR'I-NESS, n. Caution; care; scrupulousness.
CHAR'I-OT, n. A half coach with four wheels ; a
a car or vehicle anciently used in war ; v. t. to
convey in a chariot.
CHAR-I-OT-EER', n. The driver of a chariot.
CHA'ltISM (ka'rizm), n. [Gr.] Name of the extraor-
dinary gifts conferred on the early Christians, as
speaking with tongues, Ac.
TALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
CHAR'I-TA-BLE, a. Liberal in gifts to the needy ;
bountiful; kind or benevolent; candid; favour-
able.
CHAR'I-TA-BLE-NESS, n. The disposition to be
charitable ; the practice of charity.
CHAR'I-TA-BLY, ad. Kindly; bountifully; be-
nevolently.
CHAR'I-TY, n. Disposition to think favourably of
others and do them good; good- will; love; lib-
eraJity to the poor ; alms ; candour.
CHAR-I-VA-RI' (shar-e-va-ree'), n. [Fr.] A mock
serenade of discordant music.
CHARL'A-TAN (shaii'a-tan), n. A quack; an em-
piric ; a mere pretender.
CHARL'A-TAN-RY, n. Quackery; empty preten-
sion ; wheedling ; deception.
CHARLES'S WAIN, n. Seven stars in the constel-
lation Ursa Major, or Great Bear, forming the
figure of a rustic or Cart's waggon ; called, also, the
Dipper.
CHARM, 7i. Something possessing, or imagined to
possess, occult power or influence; that which
can please irresistibly; magic power; spell; en-
chantment.
CHARM, v. t. To fascinate; to delight; to be-
witch ; to enchant ; to subdue or control by oc-
cult influence ; v. i. to sound harmonically.
CHARM'ER, n. One who enchants or delights.
CHARM'ING, a. Adapted to give delight. SYN.
Delightful; captivating; fascinating; graceful.
CHARM'ING-LY, ad. Delightfully.
CHAR'NEL, a. Containing flesh or carcasses.
CHAR'NEL-HOUSE, n. A place for the bones oi
the dead.
CHARRED (chard), a. Reduced to coal.
CHAR'RY, a. Like charcoal.
CHART, n. A delineation of coasts, isles, &c., for
use in navigation.
CHAR-TA'CEOUS (-ta'shus), a. Resembling paper;
quite opaque, like most leaves.
CHAR'TER, n. A formal writing conferring title,
rights, or privileges; a patent; deed; grant;
privilege.
CHAR'TER, v. t. To establish by charter; to let
or hire, as a ship.
CHAR'TERED (char'terd), pp. or a. Hired or let,
as a ship ; granted by charter.
CHAR'TER-PAR-TY, n. A writing by which a
ship is hired, and the freight, &c., regulated.
CHART'ISM, 7i. The principles of Chartists.
CHARTIST, n. A radical reformer.
"JIIAR'Y, a. Careful; wary. [drive.
3H ASE, v. t. To pursue ; to hunt by pursuit ; to
CHASE, n. Pursuit ; a hunting by pursuit ; ground
abounding in game ; whole length of the bore of a
gun ; that which is pursued ; a printer's frame to
confine types when set up ; a groove.
PHASED (chaste), a, Pursued; driven; embossed.
3HAS/ER, n. A pursuer; a hunter; an euchaser.
3HASM (kfizm), ti. A gap; opening; void space.
n HAS'SEUR (shas'saur), n. [Fr.] One of a body of
cavalry, light and active, for rapid movements.
DHASTE, a. TJndefiled ; pure ; true to marriage
vows j applied to language or style, pure, uncor-
rupt.
CHASTEN (chas'sn), v. t. To correct with a view
to amendment; to purify.
CHASTENED (chas'snd), o. Chastised ; corrected;
punished.
JHASTE'NESS, 71. Chastity; purity.
^HAS'TEJSl-ING, 7i. Correction; suffering inflicted
to produce reformation.
3HAS-TI$'A-BLE (-tlz'a-bl), a. Deserving of cnast-
isement.
CHAS-TISE', v. t. To visit with suffering in order
to correction. SYK. To punish; chasten. Pim-
ish and chastise differ in the object aimed at. The
former is designed to uphold law by the infliction
of penalty; the latter to prevent the repetition
of faults and reclaim the offender. In a rarer and
somewhat irregular sense, chastise denotes to dis-
grace publicly by stripes.
CHA
71
CHI
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BULL ; Vl"CIOITS as K ; G as J ; S &3 Z ; OH as SH ; THIS.
CHASTlSE-MENT (chas'tiz-ment), n. Pain in-
flicted for punishment and correction.
CHAS-TlS'ER, n. One who punishes or corrects.
CHAS'TI-TY, n. Purity of body or of language j
freedom from obscenity ; state of being chaste.
CHAT, v. i. To talk familiarly ; to prattle.
CHAT, n. Familiar talk; free conversation. See
CONVERSATION.
CHAT-EAU' (shat-to'), n. [Fr.] A castle or seat in
the country.
CHATTEL (chat'tl), n. Any kind of property ex-
cept the freehold, and things that are parcel of it.
CHATTER, v. i. To prate ; to talk idly or rapidly ;
to jabber ; to make the noise of birds.
CHATTER, n. A prating ; noise of birds.
CHATTER-BOX, n. One that talks excessively.
CHATTER-ER, n. One that chatters; an idle
talker.
CHATTER-ING, n. Rar>id inarticulate sounds ;
idle talk ; rapid striking" together of the teeth, as
from chilliness.
CHATTY, a. Given to free conversation.
CHAW, v. t. To grind with the teeth ; to chew.
See CHEW.
CHEAP, a. Low in price; common; of little
worth.
CHEAP'EN (che'pn), v. t. To ask the price; to
lessen the value of; to attempt to buy.
CHEAP'EN-ER, n. One who cheapens or bar-
gains.
CHEAPLY, ad. At a low price or rate.
CHEAP'NESS, n. Lowness of price or value.
CHEAT (cheet), n. One who cheats or defrauds;
a deception or fraud. SYN. Imposture; delusion;
trick; deceit; imposition.
CHEAT, r. t. To defraud in a bargain ; to deceive
by any artifice, trick, or device ; to beguile.
CHEATER, n. One who practises fraud.
CHEATING, n. A defrauding by deceitful arts ; a.
defrauding by deception.
CHECK, v. t. To set bounds to ; to put restraint
upon ; to mark in going over, as names on a list ;
to provide with checks or tokens, as luggage.
SYN. To repress ; control; restrain; curb.
CHECK, n. Restraint; stop; order on a bank for
money ; any ticket, token, or counter-mark to
present mistake or fraud, as a lagijage-checl: on
railroads ; a kind of linen or cotton cloth.
CHECK'ER, ")n. Work consisting of cross
CHECK'ER- WORK, $ lines.
CHECK'ER, v. t. To diversify ; to variegate with
cross lines ; to vary ; to mix. [or checkers on.
CHECK'ER-BOARD, n. A board to play draughts
CHECK'ERS, n. pi. A game on a checkered board.
CHECK'MATE, n. A movement in chess that ends
the game ; v. t. to defeat by checkmate ; to finish.
CHEEK, n. The side of the face below the eye .
CHEEK'-TOOTH, n. The hinder tooth or tusk.
CHEEP, v. i. To chirp, as a small bird.
CHEER, n. A state of gladness ; a shout of joy ;
any expression of applause ; mirth ; gaiety ; that
which makes cheerful, as an entertainment.
CHEER, v. t. To salute with shouts or demon-
strations of joy; to encourage; to enliven; to
make cheerful ; to gladden; v. i. to utter cheers.
To clieer up, to become or make cheerful.
CHEER'ER, n. A person or thing that cheers.
CHEER'FUL, a. Lively; gay; sprightly; exhibit-
ing moderate ioy or animation.
CHEER'FUL-LY, ad. With life; with readiness;
in a cheerful manner.
CHEER'FUL-NESS, n. A state of moderate joy ;
good spirits. SYN. Gaiety; mirth; merriment.
Cheerfulness is a habit of mind; gaiety is an
occasional excitement of animal spirits ; mirth
or merriment is noisy gaiety.
CHEERT-LY, ad. With spirit ; with joy.
CHEER'LESS, a. Comfortless ; dreary ; gloomy ;
destitute of joyous feeling.
CHEER'LESS-NESS, n. Destitute of comfort.
*- ^ mirthful ; lively.
CHEESE (cheez). n. The ciird of milk coagulated
and pressed ; the mass of ground apples from
which cider is pressed.
CHEESE-MONG'GER (-mung'ger), n. One who
deals in cheese.
CHEESE'-PRESS, n. A press for expelling whey
from curd.
CHEESE'- VAT, n. The mould or case in which
cheese is presssd.
CHEF D'OEUVRE' (sha doovr'), n. A master-piece
or performance.
CHEG'OE, ) n. A tropical insect that enters th
CHEG'RE, j skin of the feet, producing great ar>
npyance ; written also chigoe, chigger, jigger.
GHEL'I-FORM, a. Having the form of a claw.
-eHM'I-AL, a. Pertaining to chemistry.
HfiM'I-AL-LY, ad. According to chemical
principles ; by a chemical process.
eHEMTG-ALS, n. pi. Chemical preparations used
in the arts.
CHE-MISE' (she-meze'), n, A shift or under gar-
ment for females.
CHEK-I-SETTE (sliem-e-zSf), n. [Fr.] An under
garment worn over the chemise.
HEM'IST (kun'ist or kSm'ist), n. One versed in
chemistry.
HEM'IST-RY (kim'ist-ry or kSm'ist-ry), a. The
science which investigates the composition of
bodies, and the affinities and properties of their
constituent parts.
CHEQ/UER. See CHECKER.
CHER'ISH, v. t. To treat or hold as dear ; to foster
or encourage. SYN. To indulge ; nurse ; enter-
tain.
CHR'ISH-ER, n. One who cherishes or encour-
CHfe-ROOT (she-roof;, n. A kind of cigar.
CHERRY, 7i. A small fruit of many varieties;
genus, cerasus ; species, prunus.
CHER'RY, a. Red; ruddy; like a cherry.
CHER'RY, n. A cordial of cherry-juice and spirit.
HER'SO-N$E (ker'so-nese), n. A peninsula.
CHERT, 71. A mixed silicious rock.
CHER'UB, 7i. ; pi. CHER'UBS, Heb. CHR'U-BIM. A
symbolical figure mentioned in Scripture, combin-
ing man, ox, lion, and eagle ; a celestial spirit ; a
beautiful child.
CHE-RU'BI-e, > a. Pertaining to cherubs ; an-
CHE-RC'BI-AL, / gelic.
CHER'UP, v. i. or t. To chirp to ; to quicken.
CHESS, 7i. An ingenious game played by two on a
board divided into squares ; a plant.
CHESS'-BOARD, n. The board used in chess.
CHESS'-MAN, 7i. A piece or puppet for chess.
CHESS'-PLAY-ER, n. One who plays chess.
CHESS'-TREES, n. Two pieces of wood, one oil
each side of a ship, to confine the clues of the
main-sail.
CHEST, n. A large box ; the thorax or upper part
of the trunk of the body.
CHESTNUT, 71. The fruit or nut of a tree of the
genus castanus a. of a brown colour ; or the
colour of a chestnut.
CHEV-A-L1ER' (shev-a-leerO, n. A knight ; a gal-
lant young man ; a horseman.
CHEV-AUX DE FRISE' (shev-o de freez'), n. [Fr.]
In fortification, a piece of timber armed with spikes
to defend a passage.
CHEV'I-SANCE (shSv'e-zance), n. Performance;
bargain ; unlawful agreement.
CHEVRON (shSv'ron), n. [Fr.] A military badge
worn on the coat-sleeve.
CHEW; (chU), v. t. To grind with the teeth ; to
masticate ; to champ ; to ruminate ; v. i. to champ
upon ; to ruminate.
CHEW, n. That which is chewed ; the quantity to
be chewed at once ; a cud (vul.).
CHEW ING, 7i. Mastication.
CHI-A'RO OS-CU'RO (ke-a'ro), n. [It.] The art
of judiciously arranging the colours, or light
and shade of a picture ; also, a design of two
colours.
CHI
i, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
CHI-BOUQUE' (tcM-booke'), n. A Turkish pipe.
CHI-6ANE' (she-kane'U n. Shift; turn; eva-
CHI-AN'EE-Y, j Bion; sophistry; any
artifice or stratagem.
CHl'O-EY, n. Succory. Its root is often used
for coffee, or mixed therewith.
CHICK'EN } n - The young of fowls.
CHICK'EN-HEAET-ED, a. Timid; cowardly.
CHlCK'EN-POX, n. A mild eruptive disease.
CHIDE, v. t. [pret. CHID; pp. CHID, CHIDDEN.]
To reprove in anger. SYN. To scold; blame;
rebuke ; reproach.
CHIDE, -o. i. To clamour ; to scold ; to quarrel.
CHlD'EE, n. One who reproves or clamours.
CHID'ING, ppr. Scolding; reproving; ?i. reproof ;
rebuke ; scolding.
CHIEF (cheef), a. Highest in office; having most
influence ; most dear ; principal.
CHIEF, n. One who takes the lead or control ; a
ruler. STN. Chieftain; commander ; leader. A
chief (lit., head) has the rule in civil matters, as
the chief of a tribe ; a chieftain and commander
occupy high military stations ; a leader directs
enterprises.
CHIEF'LY, ad. Principally; especially.
CHIEF'TAIN, n. A captain or leader ; head of a
tribe or party.
CHllFTlSII'lP,}-- Captaincy; headship.
CHIF-FO-NIER', n. An ornamental receptacle.
CHIL'BLAIN, n. A sore caused by cold.
CHILD, n. A son or daughter ; a very young per-
son ; an infant ; one intimately related to or re-
ceiving principles from another, as a child of God
or of the Devil. [dren.
CHILD'BEAB-ING, n. The act of producing chil-
CHILD'BED, n. The state of being in travail ;
parturition.
CHlLD'BlRTH (17), n. The act of bringing forth a
child ; travail ; labour.
CHILDE, 7i. A title formerly given to the oldest
son of a noble family, as Childe Harold.
CHILD'ER-MAS-DAY, n. An anniversary of the
Church of England, called also Innocents' Day,
in commemoration of the children slain by Herod.
CHILD'HOOD, 7i. State of a child or of youth;
the properties of a child.
CHILD'ISH, a. Like a child ; simple ; trifling.
CHlLIXISH-LY, ad. In a puerile manner; in a
weak or foolish way.
CHILD'ISH-NESS, n. Simpleness ; puerility ; tri-
flingness.
CHILD'LESS, a. Having no child.
CHlLD'LlKE, a. Like or becoming a child ; sub-
missive ; delightful ; meek.
CHlL'DREN, 71. ; pi. of CHILD. Descendants.
GHIL'I-AD (kttle-ad), n. A thousand.
-eHlL'I-AR-eH (kil'le-ark), n. The military chief
or commander of a thousand.
HIL'I-AK!H-Y (kil'e-ark-y), n. A body consist-
ing of a thousand men.
HlL'I-ASM (kire-azm), 7i. The doctrine of Christ's
literal reign on earth for a thousand years.
CHIL'I-AST (kil'e-ast), n. [Gr.] One who holds
Chiliasm.
CHILL, a. Inducing a shivering ; not warm ; tin-
affectionate.
CHILL, n. Moderate cold; a shivering; the sen-
sation of cold ; repression of joy.
CHILL, v. t. To make cold, or cause to shiver ; to
check action or animation ; to depress.
CHILL'I-NESS, ") 7i. A sensation of shivering;
CHlLL'NESS, $ coldness.
CHlL'LY, a. Somewhat cold ; shivering.
CHIME, v. i. To sound in harmony ; to accord ; to
agree ; v. i. to move, strike, or cause to sound in
harmony.
CHIME, n. A consonance of sounds or of bells ;
the edge or brim of a cask or tub.
HI-M'RA, n. A vain, idle fancy; a fabulous
three-headed monster vomiting flames.
72
CHL
PALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; n5vB,
-GHl-MEE'I-e-AL, a. Imaginary; fanciful; having
no existence but in thought.
!Hi-ME'K:-AL-LY, ad. Wildly ; fancifully.
CHIM'NEY, n. ; pi. CHJEM'NEYS. A body of brick 01
stone with a passage for smoke.
CHIM-PAN'ZEE, 7i. A kind of ape most resem-
bling a man ; the African orang-outang.
CHIN, 7i. The lower extremity of the face.
CHl'NA, 7i. A fine species of earthenware ; porce-
CHlNe'A-PIN, n. The dwarf chestnut ; a tree.
CHIN'-!OUGH (chin'kauf), n. A violent cough of
long continuance ; the hooping-cough.
CHINE, n. The back-bone ; a piece of the back of
an animal ; the edge of a cask ; also spelled chime
and chimb.
CHINK, 7i. A small opening or cleft.
CHINK, v. i. To crack ; to open ; to sound, as
pieces of metal striking together ; v. t. to cause to
sound ; to jingle.
CHINTZ, 7i. Cotton cloth differing from calico in
being highly glazed and having more colours,
usually five at least.
CHIP, 7i. A piece cut off; a fragment.
CHIP, v. t. To cut into small pieces ; v. i. to crack
or break off in email pieces.
CHlP'PING, n. A chip or fragment; the act of
cutting off chips ; a cracking off in small pieces.
GHI-EA'GRA, 71. Gout in the hand.
CHlEK, a. Lively ; comfortable.
UHI-RO-GEAPH'IC, > a. Pertaining to chirog-
HI-RO-GRAPH'I-AL, !> raphy.
-GHI-EOG'EA-PHIST, n. One who pretends to tell
fortunes by the hand ; a chirographer.
GHI-EOG'EA-PHY, n. The art of writing, or a
writing with one's own hand ; penmanship.
)HI-EOL'O-(>Y, 7i. The art of communicating
thoughts by signs with the fingers.
-eHl'RO-MAN-CY, 7i. The practice of attempting
to foretell events, or to discover the disposition
of a person by inspecting the lines of his hand.
-GHI-RON'O-MY, 7i. The art or rule in moving
the hands in oratory ; gesture.
CHIEF (17), 7i. The noise made by certain birds
and insects.
CHIRP, v. i. To make the noise of small birds.
^HlRP'EE, n. One that chirps.
JHIEP'ING, 7i. The cheerful noise of birds.
CHlR'EUP, v. t. To cheer up ; to animate ; to
quicken.
Hl-EtR'6EON, n. See SURGEON.
)Hl-RtrE'6E-EY. See SURGERY.
HlS'EL, n. A tool to pare or cut with, either by
pressure or by blows of a mallet.
HlS'EL, v. t. To cut with a chisel.
CHIT, 7i. A shoot ; young sprout ; a babe.
CHIT, v. i. To sprout.
CHlT'-CHAT, n. Prattle ; familiar talk.
OHlT'TER-LINGS, n. pi. The small intestines of
animals.
CHIV'AL-RI! (shiv'al-rik), a. Pertaining to the
character of chivalry.
CHlV'AL-EOUS, a. Pertaining to chivalry; gal-
_ lant ; warlike.
CHIV'AL-EY (shVal-ry), a. Knighthood; knight-
errantry ; the qualifications or characteristics of
knights ; heroic adventure. [Pronounced by
some tchivalry, but against the analogy of all like
words from the French, as chaise, &c-3
CHIVE, 7i. A small onion. See CIVES.
CHIVES (chlvz), n. pi. Slender threads or fila-
ments in blossoms.
GHLO'RATE, n. A compound of chloric acid with
HLO'EI, a. Obtained from chlorine.
-GHLO'ElDE, 71. A combination of chlorine with a
simple body.
-GHLO'ElNE, 7i. A greenish-yellow gas obtained
from common salt, used in disinfecting and bleach-
ing.
CHL
D<VVE, WOLF, BOOK ;
73
CHR
, BULL ; vf'ciors. 8 as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
CHLO'RlTE, 7i. A mineral of a greenish colour
occurring in the granitic and metamorphic rocks.
CHLO'RO-TFORM, n. A volatile liquid obtained
by distilling alcohol with chloride of lime. When
inhaled, it takes away, in surgical operations, the
sense of pain.
CHOCK, n. A kind of wedge.
CHOC'O-LATE, n. Paste or cake made of the
kernel of the cocao-nut ; the beverage made by
infusing chocolate in water.
CHOICE, n. Act of choosing ; the thing chosen ;
option ; election ; a. select ; of great value ; care-
ful ; chary.
CHOICE'LY,
ad. With care in choosing.
CHOICE'NESS, 7i. Particular value or worth;
valuableness.
CHOIR (kwlre), n. Part of a church apportioned
to the singers ; a body of singers ; the chancel of
a collegiate church or cathedral.
CHOKE, v. t. To stop the windpipe ; to suffocate ;
to stop up 5 to obstruct ; v. i. to be choked or ob-
structed. ^
CHOKE'-DAMP, 7i. A noxious vapour (carbonic
acid gas) in wells and coal-mines.
HOL'ER (kSl'erj, n. Bile ; gall ; anger.
CHOL'E-RA, n. Asiatic cholera is a^Usease of the
bowels, usually attended by violent spasms, and
often by speedy death.
CEOL'E-EA MOR'BUS,n. [L.] A disease in which
the contents of the stomach are ejected upward
and downward.
CHOL'ER-IC (kol-), a. Full of choler ; passionate.
CHOOSE, v. t. [pret. CHOSE ; pp. CHOSEN.] To pick
out; to make choice of. SYX. Prefer; elect.
Choose is generic ; to prefer is to choose one thing
as more desirable than another ; to elect is to choose
cr take for some purpose, office, &c., usually by
suffrage, as to elect a president.
CHOOSE, v. i. To prefer ; to have power of choice.
CHOOS'ER, n. One who selects or chooses.
CHOOS'ING, n. Choice ; election.
CHOP, n. A small piece of meat; a cleft or crack ;
a jaw. See CHAP.
CHOP, v. t. To cut by blows with an edired tool ;
to cut fine or mince ; v. i. to turn or chanee sud-
denly.
CHOP, n. In China, a permit or stamp ; a Chinese
word signifying quality, as silk goods of the first
chop, i. e. stamp.
CHOP'HOUSE, n. A house where provisions are
so_ld ready dressed.
CHOP'PER, n. A butcher's cleaver; one who chops.
CHOP'PING, n. A cutting or mincing; a. large;
lusty ; plump.
CHOPS, n. pi. The mouth of a beast.
CHOP'STICKS, n. pi. Two small sticks held be-
tween the thumb and fingers, used by the Chinese
to convey food to the mouth.
CHO'RAL, a. Belonging to the choir.
HO'RAL-LY, ad. In the manner of a chorus.
CHORD (kord), n. String of a musical instrument ;
a harmonious combination of notes ; in geometry
a right line joining the extremities of an arc.
CHORD, v. t. To strinsr.
CHORE, 7i. A small job of work ; char.
HO-RI-AM'BUS, \n. A foot of four syllables, the
CHO-RI-AM'BIC, j first and last long, the rest
short.
HG'RIST, n. A singer in a choir.
CHOR'IS-TER (kur'is-ter), n. A singer in a choir ;
a leader of a choir.
CHO-RO-GRAPH'IC-AL, a. Pertaining to cho-
rography.
CHO-ROG'RA-PHY, n. The description of a par-
ticular region ; art of forming maps of particular
regions.
CHO'RUS, 7i. A number or company of singers ;
CHOWDER, n. A dish of fresh fish boiled with
biscuits, &c.
HRES-TOM'A-THY, n. A book of extracts, Ac.,
used in the learning of a language.
CHRlSM (krizm), n. Unguent; unction; conse-
crated oil.
-CHRlS'MAL, a. Pertaining to chrism.
CHRIS-MATTON, 7i, Act of applying chrism.
HR1ST, n. The ANOINTED ; the MESSIAH.
CHRIST'EN (kris'sn), v. t. Literally, to make a
Christian; improperly, to baptize; and, generally,
to name.
CHRlST'-EN-DOM fkrfs'en-dum), 71. The portion
of the world inhabited by Christians ; the whole
body of Christians ; Christianity.
CHRfs'TEN-ING, n. The ceremony of baptizing.
CHRlS'TIAN (krist'yan), n. A person of the Chris-
tian faith ; in general, one of the inhabitants of a
country nominally Christian.
CHRISTIAN (krist'yan), a. Pertaining to Christ
or Christianity.
-CHRIS-TIA VI-TY (krist-yan'e-ty), n. The religion
delivered by Christ.
CHRIS'TIAN-lZE (krist'yan-Ize), u. t. To convert
to Christianity.
HR1STIAN-LY, ad. In a Christian manner.
HR1S'TIAN-NAME, 71. The name given at bap-
tism, distinct from the surname.
HRIST'LESS, a. Without Christ ; irreligious.
CHRIST'MAS, n. The feast of Christ's nativity ;
Christmas-day; Dec. 25th.
CHRlST'MAS-BOX, n. A box for presents at
Christmas.
CHRIST'MAS-TREE, n. A tree hung with Christ-
mas-presents.
CHRIrf-TOL'O-GY, n. Treatise concerning Christ.
CHRO'MATE, n. A compound of chromic acid and
abase.
CHRO-MAT'IC, a. Relating to colour ; noting a
species of music by semi-tones.
-CHRO-MAT'ieS, n. pi. The science of colours.
-CHROME, n. A grayish white metal, remarkable
for the various and beautiful colours oi its com-
pounds.
CHRO'MI-C, a. Pertaining to chrome.
CHRONTG, ) a. Of long continuance, as a
) a.
j,f <
CHRON'LC-AL, f disease ; opposed to acute.
-CHRON'I-CLE, n. A register of events in the
order of time ; a history.
CHRON'I-CLE (kron'e-kl), v. t. To record in his-
tory ; to register.
-CHRON'I-CLEU, 71. A writer of chronicles ; a
historian.
!HRO-NOG'RA-PHER, n. One who writes con-
cerning time, or the events of time ; a chrono-
loger.
-CHRO-NOGr'RA-PHY, n. The description of time
past.
-CHRO-NOL'O-GER, > n. One versed in chrono
CHRO-NpL'O-GlST,j logy ; one who attempts to
ascertain the true dates of events.
-CHRO-NO-LOG'K?,
Pertaining to chrono-
| a.
CHRO-NO-LOGIC-ALJ logy; according to the
order of time.
-CHRO-NO-LOGTC-AL-LY, ad. In the order of
time ; by the rules of chronology.
CHRO-NOL'O-GY, 7i. The science of computing
time, and ascertaining dates of events.
-GHRO-NOM'E-TER, n. Any instrument that
measures time, as a clock, watch, or dial ; par.
ticularly, a portable time-keeper, so constructed
as to measure time with great accuracy, chiefly
used at sea for determining longitudes.
HRO-NO-MT'RIC, "> a. Pertaining to or
CHRO-NO-MT'RI-AL,j measured by a chro-
nometer.
CHRYS'A-LID (krls'-), a. Pertaining to a chrysalis.
part of a song or piece of music in which all join, i -CHRI'S'A-LIS (krYs'a-lis). TI. The form of a butter-
vrnTTnw /i,,,*\ A ,! nf I M UA._ I fly> &c ^ i mme( ii a tely before it reaches the winged
state ; a pupa.
!HRYS'p-BER-YL, n. A very hard, translucent,
yellowish-green geua.
CHOUGH (chuif), . A kind of jackdaw.
CHOUSE, v. t. To cheat ; to trick ; to defraud.
CHOUSE, TI. A trick or sham ; one who is easily
cheated.
CHR
74
CIR
I, fi, &c., long. A, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
HEtS'O-LlTE, n. A greenish or yellowish mine-
ral of little hardness.
HEYS'O PEASE, n. An apple-green, translucent
variety of qnartz, coloured by nickel.
CHUB, n. The name of a fish ; a dunce.
CHU B-BED, ) o. Like a chub ; short and thick ;
CHtlB'BY, | plump.
CHtTCK, v. i. To make a noise as a hen ; v. i. to
call, as a hen her chickens ; to give a gentle blow ;
to attach to the chuck of a lathe ; to throw by a
quick motion.
CHUCK, 77. The noise of a hen ; a gentle stroke ; a
contrivance attached to the mandril of a lathe,
by which any thing is held in turning.
CH0CK'-FAE-THING, n. A play in which some-
thing is pitched into a hole.
CH0CK'LE (chukld), v. i. To laugh in a suppressed
manner ; to feel inward exultation.
CHtJCK'LING, n. Suppressed laughter; inward
triumph.
CH0FF, n. A clownish person ; a. surly.
CHUFF'I-LY, o. In a surly manner; morosely;
clownishly.
CHOFF'Y, o. Blunt; clownish; surly.
CHUM, n. A chamber-fellow; a companion.
CHtIMP, n. A short, thick piece of wood.
CHUNK, n. A short, thick block of wood or other
substance.
CHtJECH, n. The spiritual society founded and
upheld by our Lord Jesus Christ ; the collective
body of Christians ; a particular number of Chris-
tians united under one form of government, in
one creed, as the Church of England ; the body
of clergy or ecclesiastics, in distinction from the
laity; the collective body of Christians professing
religion under the same pastor ; a house conse-
crated to Christian worship.
CHtJECH, v. t. To perform with any one the giv-
ing of thanks in church, as after childbirth.
CHtJECH'MAN, 7i. An ecclesiastic; an Episco-
palian.
CHUECHTVEAN-SHIP, n. The state of belonging
to the Episcopal Church.
CHtTECH'-WAE-DEN (-war-dn), n. An officer of
the church.
CHtTECH'-YARD, n. A grave-yard near a church.
CH0EL, n. A surly, clownish man ; a rustic ; a
clown ; a niggard.
CHGRL'ISH, a. With the spirit of a churl. SYN.
Narrow-minded; surly; rude; niggardly.
CHtTEL'ISH-LY, ad. In a churlish manner.
CHtTEL'ISH-NESS, n. Eudeness of manners ; sur-
liness ; moroseness ; clownishness ; niggardliness.
CHOEN, n. A vessel in which cream is agitated to
separate the butter.
CHtFEN, v. t. To shake or agitate cream or milk
for making butter ; to agitate, as in churning
butter.
CHGENTNG, n. The operation of making butter
from cream by agitation ; the quantity of butter
made at once.
CHCEN'-STAFF, n. Instrument used in churning.
HYLE (kile), n. A milky fluid derived from
chyme, and conveyed into the circulation by the
lacteal vessels.
HYL-I-FA!'TION, \ n. The act or process of
HYL-I-F1-!A'TION, J forming chyle.
GHY'LOUS, a. Consisting of or containing chyle.
HYME (kime), n. A pulpy substance into which
food is changed in the stomach by digestion.
HYM-I-FI--eA'TION, n. The process of being
formed into chyme.
OHYM1S-TBT. See CHEMISTRY.
Cl^'A-TElCE^Ti. A scar; a little seam of flesh
Ci-G'-ATELX, ) on a wound when healed.
CI-A-TEI-ZA'TION, n. The process of healing a
wound.
ClC'A-TElZE, v. i. To heal or skin over, as a
wound; v. i. to cause a cicatrix to form in a
wound or ulcer.
CIC-E-RVNE (che-che-ro'ne or sis-e-ro'ne), n. [It.]
A guide ; one who explains curiosities.
FALL, WHAT ; THilRE, TERM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOTO,
CIC-E-RO'NI-AN, a. Like Cicero ; elegant.
CIC-IS-BE'O (che-chis-ba'o or se-sIsTje-o), n. [It.]
A dangler about females.
CI'DER, n. The juice of apples expressed.
CI-GAE', n. A little roll of tobacco for smoking.
1G'AE-ETTE, n. A small cigar used by Spanish
ladies.
ClL'IA, n. pi. The eyelashes.
CIL'IA-EY, o. Belonging to the eyelid.
CILT-A-TED, o. Surrounded with bristles.
CI-LFCIOUS (se-llsh'us), a. Made of hair ; hairy.
CIM'E-TEE, 7i. A short sword with a convex edge
or recurvated point.
CIM-M'EI-AN, a. Pertaining to the Cimmerii;
dark and gloomy.
CIN-HO'NA, n. Peruvian bark. [closure.
CINTUEE (sinkt'yur), n. A belt; a girdle; in-
ClN'DEE, ")TI. Small coals ignited; the residue
ClN'DEES, J of coal or wood when burnt, but
not reduced to ashes.
ClN'E-EA-RY, a. Relating to ashes.
CIN-E-EA'TION, n. A reducing to ashes.
CIN-E'RE-OUS, a. Of the colour of wood-ashes.
CIN-E-RI"TIOUS (-rish'us), a. Having the colour
of ashes.
ClNG'GA-LESE (smg'ga-lese), a. Pertaining to
Ceylon ; n. a native of Ceylon.
ClN G 'GLE. See SURCINGLE.
ClN'NA-BAR, n. An ore of quicksilver ; a native
sulphuret of mercury ; vermilion.
ClN'NA-MON, n. The inner bark of a species of
laurel.
CINQUE (sifnk), n. Five ; the number five.
ClNQUE'FOIL (smk'foil), n. A creeping plant, a
species of PotentilLi ; a five-leaved rosette in
architecture.
Cl'ON, 7i. The shoot or twig of a tree. See SCION.
Cl'PHEE (sl'fer), n . The figure (0) in numbers ;
initial letters of a name inwoven ; a secret or dis-
guised manner of wrfting.
Cl'PHEE. v. i. To use figures in arithmetic; v. t.
to decipher or characterize.
CI'PHEE-ING, n. The act of performing arith-
metical operation
ClE-CE'AN, a. Pertaining to Circe; fascinating;
bewitching.
ClR-CEN'SIAN, a. Relating to the Roman circus.
ClE'-GLE (17), TV. A figure bounded by a line every
where equidistant from a common point or
centre ; a round ngure ; circuit ; compass ; series
ending where it begins.
CiE'ILE, v. t. To move round; to inclose; v. i.
to move circularly.
ClE'-GLET, 7i. A little circle.
CiE'!O-CLE, n. A dilatation of the spermatic
vein.
ClE'-eUIT, n. The act of moving round ; a circu-
lar space ; a district ; that which encircles.
ClE'UIT, v. t. To move or go round.
ClR-etJT-TOUS (-ku'e-tus), o. A term applied to
going round in a circuit ; not direct.
ClE-0'I-TOUS-LY, ad. In a circle; indirectly.
ClE-eC'I-TY, 7i. A going round.
ClE'-eU-LAE, a. Eound like a circle ; terminating
in itself; addressed to a number of persons
having a common interest; pertaining to the
circles of a sphere.
ClE'!U-LAE, n. A letter or paper sent to many
different persons.
CIE'-eU-LAE-LY, ad. In a circular manner.
C1E'U-LATE. v. i. To pass about; to move
round, returning to the same point ; to flow in
veins or channels, as sap ; v. t. to cause to pass
round ; to disseminate.
ClE'-eU-LA-TING ME'DI-UM, n. The currency or
money of a country.
ClR-eU-LA'TION, 7i. The art of circulation ; state
of being circulated; extent of diffusion; cur-
rency.
CiR--eUM-AM'BI-EN_T, a. Surrounding.
CiE-UM-AM'BU-LATE, v. i. To walk round.
CtR'^UM-ClSE, v. t. To deprive of the foreskin.
75
CIV
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ;
, BULL ; vl"cious e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
ClE-GUM-ClSION, n. The act of circumcising;
a distinguishing Jewish rite ; figuratively, purifi-
cation of heart ; those who are circumcised ; in
Scripture, the Jews.
ClE-eUM-LU'sION, n. Act of inclosing on all
sides.
CiR-CJTJM-DCfC'TION, n. A leading about ; an an-
nulling.
ClR-CUM'FER-ENCE, n. The line that bounds a
circle ; a periphery ; a circle ; the line encompass-
ing any figure.
ClE-CUM-FE-REN'TIAL, a. Pertaining to the
circumference.
ClE-UM-FE-REN'TOR, n. An instrument used
by surveyors in talcing angles.
ClE-eUM-FLE-GT', v. t. to place the circumflex
accent on words.
ClR'-eUM-FLEX, n. An accent marked thus ( A ),
denoting a wave, or a rising and falling slide of
the voice on the same syllable. [sides.
ClR-eUM'FLU-ENT, a. Flowing round on all
ClE-eCM'FLU-QUS, a. Flowing round.
CiE-CUM-FO-EA'NE-OUS, > o. Going from home
ClR-eUM-FO-RA'NE-AN, j to home ; wandering
about.
ClE-UM-FCSE', v. t. To pour or spread round.
ClE-UM-FO'SION (-fu'zhuu), n. The act of pour-
ing around.
CiE-CUM-GY-EA'TION, n. A whirling about.
ClR-eUM-JA'CENT, a. Lying around; bordering.
CiE-eiTM-LO-C'C'TIOX, n. A compass of words;
a periphrasis.
CiE--eTJM-LO'tT-TO-ET, a. Consisting in a com-
pass of words ; periphrastic.
CiR-eUM-ML T RED', a. Walled about.
ClE-eUM-NAV'I-GA-BLE, a. That may be sailed
round.
CiR-eUIM-NAV'I-GATE, v. t. To sail round.
CiE-GUM-NAV-I-GA'TION, n. A sailing round.
ClE-eUM-NAV'I-GA-TOE, n. One who sails round,
or round the globe.
ClR-CTTM-PO'LAR, a. About one of the poles of
the earth.
ClR-eUM-PO-Sl'TION, 71. The act of placing
around ; state of being placed around.
ClE-eiJM-EO'TA-EY, a. Turning ; revolving.
ClE-eUM-EO-TA'TION, a. A revolving; whirling
about.
ClE-UM-SElB'A-BLE', a. That may be circum-
scribed by bounds.
ClE--eUM-S-eElBE', v. t. To inclose ; to limit ; to
confine within a certain limit.
ClE-eUM-SRIPT'I-BLE, a. That may be circum-
scribed by bounds.
ClE-eUM-SRlPTION, n. Limitation; confine-
ment ; circular inscription.
ClE-UM-SElPT'iVE, a. Inclosing ; confining ;
marking the limits.
ClE'!UM-SPE!T, a. Wary; cautious; prudent;
watchful.
ClE-eUM-SPETIOX, n. Caution ; watchfulness ;
attention to the sources of error or danger.
ClE-G UM-SPE-C T'lVE, a. Looking round ; wary ;
careful of consequences ; cautious.
CiR'UM-SPET-LY, ad. Watchfully ; cautious-
ly ; with vigilance against surprise or danger.
ClE'-eUM-SPET-NESS, n. Caution; vigilance
against evil ; circumspection.
ClR'UM-STANCE, n. Something attending on or
relative to a fact, though not essential thereto.
SYN. Fact ; event ; incident. A fact is a thing
done ; an event a thing which turns up or occurs ;
an incident something that falls in to some gen-
eral course of events. A circumstance (literally, a
thing standing about or near) is some adjunct
thereto which more or less affects it.
ClE'UM-STAN-CES, n. pi. Condition as to pro-
Clll-^IJM-STANTIAL, a. Particular; minute;
abounding with circumstances; incidental; not
essential; derived from considering the circum-
stances.
CiE-eUM-STAN'TIAL-LY, ad. Minutely ; exact-
ly ; according to circumstances.
ClE-UM-STAN'TIALS, n. pi. Things incident,
but not essential.
ClR--eUM-STAN'TI-ATE, v. t. To place in particu-
lar circumstances in regard to wealth, &c.
ClE-eUM-VAL'LATE, v. t. To surround with a
wall or rampart.
Cf R-eUM-VENl", v. t. To overreach ; to deceive.
CiE--eUM-VN'TION, n. A prevailing over by
artifice or fraud ; deception ; imposition ; fraud ;
imposture; delusion; prevention.
CiR-tJUM-VENT'lVE, a. Deceiving by arts; de-
luding.
ClR-tJUM-VEST', . t. To cover on all sides ; to
clothe.
C jR--e UM-VO-Lt'TIOlSr, n, A turning round.
CIR-eUM-VOLVE', v. t. To cause to revolve; to
roll round.
Cf R-6'UM-VOLVE', v. -i. To revolve ; to roll round.
ClR'CUS, n; pi. CiR'-eus-Es. An edifice or inclosed
place for games or for feats of horsemanship.
CIR-RIF'ER-OUS, o. Producing tendrils.
ClR'ROUS, a. Terminating in a curl or tendril.
ClR'EUS, n. A name given to clouds of a fibrous
appearance, resembling carded wool.
CIS-ALP'USTE, a. On the south of the Alps, or this
side in respect to Eome.
CIS-AT-LAN'TKJ, a. On this side of the Atlantic.
CIS'PA-DANE, a. On the south of the river Po.
CIS'TERN, n. A large vessel for water, &c. ; a
reservoir.
CIT, n. A cant term for citizen.
ClT'A-DEL, n. A castle or fortress in or near a
city ; a place for arms.
Cl-TA'TION, n. A summons ; a notice ; a quota-
tion.
CI'TA-TO-RY, a. Having the power or form o'.
citation; citing.
CITE, v. t. To call upon officially ; to summon, or
give legal notice to appear ; to enjoin; to direct;
to call in proof or confirmation ; to name or re-
peat.
ClTH'ERN, n. A kind of ancient harp.
CIT'I-ZEN (sit'e-zn), n. An inhabitant of a city ; one
vested with the rights of a freeman ; a permanent
resident of a place or country ; a. having the quali-
ties of a citizen.
ClTI-ZEN-SHIP, n. The state of being a citizen,
or of having the rights and privileges of a citizen.
ClT'RATE, n. A salt formed by the union of citric
acid with a base.
CIT'RI-G, a. Of or belonging to the lemon or lime.
CIT'RK! AC-ID, n. An acid from lemon juice.
ClT'RlNE, a. Like a citron ; of a lemon colour.
ClT'RON, n. Fruit of a large species of lemon.
ClT'Y, n. A large incorporated town ; a town
where a bishop has or had his see ; a. pertaining to
a city.
ClVEs!, n. A species of leek, growing in tufts.
ClVI, a. Eelating to a city, or to civil officers or
honours.
ClV'IL, a. Pertaining to society, or to men as citi-
zens of a state ; political ; civilized ; well-bred ;
kind ; polite ; municipal ; used in contrast with
military, ecclesiastical, criminal, &c.
ClV'IL-EN-GI-NEEE', n. One employed in civil
engineering.
ClV'IL-EN-Sl-NEER'IN-G, n. The science or art
of constructing public works, such as railroads,
canals, docks, &c.
CI-VIL'IAN (se-vil'yan), n. A professor of the
civil law ; one engaged in civil pursuits, as dis-
guished from military, clerical, &c.
CI-VIL'I-TY, n. Politeness ; kind treatment.
CIV-IL-I-ZA'TION, 71. Act of civilizing, or state of
being civilized ; refinement.
ClV'IL-lZE, v. t. To reclaim from savage life ; to
instruct in the arts and refinements of life.
ClVIL-lZ-EE, n. One who, or that which civilizes.
CIVIL-LAW, 7i. The laws of a state, city, or
country ; Roman law.
CIV
76
CLA
1, fi, &c., long. X, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, PALL, WHAT ; THBE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MSv,
ClV'IL-LY, ad. In a civil manner ; in reference to
civil society ; politely ; with kind attentions.
ClVIL-WAR, n. A war between people of the same
nation or city ; intestine war.
ClVISM, n. State of citizenship ; patriotism.
CLAB'BER, \n. Milk turned, become
BON'NY-:LAB-BER, j thick or inspissated.
CLACK, v. i. To make sudden sharp noises.
CLACK, n. Repetition of sudden sharp sounds ;
that which strikes and clacks ; incessant disagree-
able talk.
OLACK'ING, n. Clack ; continuous prating.
eLAD, pp. of CLOTHE. Clothed ; covered.
CLAIM, v. t. To call for ; to ask or seek to obtain
by virtue of authority or right ; to have a right
or title to, as the heir claims the estate by des-
cent ; to demand ; to assert as a right.
LAIM, n. Demand of right ; a right or title to
any thing not in possession ; the thing claimed or
demanded; a loud call; challenge; title.
LAIM'A-BLE, a. That may be demanded.
LAIM'ANT, n. One who demands or has a claim.
CLAIR-VOY'ANCE,n. [Fr.] Pretended discernment
of concealed objects by mesmeric influence.
CLAIR-VOY'ANT, a. Pertaining to or possessing
clairvoyance ; n. a person who by mesmerism pre-
tends to discern things not present to the senses.
CLAM, n. A genus of bivalvular shell-fish.
CLAM, v. t. To clog with viscous or glutinous
matter; v. i. to be moist or sticky.
CLA'MANT, a. Crying ; beseeching.
CLAM'BER, v. i. To climb with difficulty, or with
hands and feet.
CLAM'MI-NESS, n. Viscousness ; stickiness.
CLAM'MY, a. Viscous ; ropy ; glutinous.
CLAM'OUR, n. Great noise of voices ; noisy com-
plaint. SYN. Outcry; uproar; exclamation.
CLAM'OUR, v. i. or t. To complain ; to be noisy
with the tongue ; to demand importunately.
LAM'OR-OUS, o. Noisy with the tongue; im-
portunate.
CLAM'OR-OUS-LY, ad. With loud words or noise.
CLAM'OR-OUS-NESS, n. Noisy complaints;
qiiality of being clamorous.
CLAMP, n. A piece of timber or of iron used to
fasten work together ; a piece of iron to hold the
trunnion of a cannon to the carriage ; a pile of
bricks for burning.
CLAMP, v. t. To fasten with a clamp.
CLAN, n. A family ; race ; sect ; tribe.
CLAN-DES'TlNE, a. Secret ; concealed from view,
underhand; fraudulent.
LAN-DES'TlNE-LY, ad. Secretly; privately.
CLANG, v. t. or i. To make a sharp, shrill sound ;
to clatter; to make a loud noise.
CLANG, n. A sharp, shrill sound, as by the strik-
ing of metallic bodies.
CLANG'GOUR (klang'gor), n. A sharp, harsh sound.
CLANG'GOR-OUS, a. Harsh or sharp in sound.
CLANG'GOUS (klang'gus), a. Making a sharp,
harsh sound.
CLANK, n. A sharp, shrill sound, as of a chain
rattling.
CLANK, v. t. To make a sharp, shrill sound.
LAN'NISH, a. Closely united; like a clan; dis-
posed to unite.
CLAN'NISH-NESS, n. Close adherence or disposi-
tion to unite, as the members of a clan.
CLAN'SHIP, n. A state of union in a tribe ; an
association under a chieftain.
CLAP, v. t. To strike together; to apply or put
with quick motion or suddenly; to hit; to ap-
plaud by clapping hands.
LAP, v. i. To strike together with noise ; to strike
the palms of the hands together for applause.
To clap to. to take hold or enter upon with alac-
rity.
CLAP, n. A striking of hands for applauding ; a
sudden burst of sound, as of thunder ; a sudden
act or motion ; a venereal disease.
LAP'BOARD (klab'urd), n. A narrow board for
covering houses.
-CLAP'BOARD, v. t. To cover with clapboards.
-CLAPPER, n. He that claps ; the tongue of a bell.
-CLAPPER-CLAW, v. i. To scold ; to rail at.
^LAP'-TRAP, n. A contrivance for clapping in
theatres ; artifice or trick to gain applause.
CLARE OB-SCURE', n. See CHIARO Oscuuo and
CLARO OBSCURO.
-CLAR'ET, n. A French wine of a pale red colour.
JLAR-I-FI-CA'TION, n. The act of making clear
or fining.
LAR'I-FLSD (-fide), a. Made pore; fined as li-
qijor.
!LAR'I-FI-ER, n. That which refinos; a vessel
used in clarifying.
-CLAR'I-FY, v. t. To make clear ; to purify from
dregs ; to defecate ; v. i. to become clear and
bright ; to clear up ; to become pure.
-CLAR'ION, n. A martial wind instrument.
CLAR-I-O-NET' )
-GLAR-I-NKT' ( n - -^ wind instrument of music.
LAR'I-TODE, n. Clearness; splendour.
CLA'RO OB-SCU'RO, [L/Hn. Light and shade iu
-CLARE-OB-SCGRE', j painting; the distri-
bution of light and shade in a piece, for producing
the best effect on the eye.
-CLASH, v. t. or i. To strike against ; to act in op-
position ; to interfere ; to be contrary to.
CLASH, n. A meeting of bodies with violence ;
noisy collision ; interference.
-CLASH'ING, a. Contrary ; interfering ; n. a strik-
ing against ; collision with noise ; conflict.
-CLASP (6), n. A hook for fastening; a catch; a
close embrace.
CLASP, v. t. To hold fast ; to fasten with a clasp.
SYN. To embrace ; hug.
CLASPER, n. He or that which clasps ; a tendril.
-CLASP'-KNIFE (-nife), n. A knife which folds into
the handle.
CLASS (6), n. A rank ; order of persons or things;
scientific division or arrangement.
-CLASS, v. t. To arrange in a class or order. SYN.
To classify ; arrange ; distribute.
-CLA&'SIC, n. An author of the first rank.
-CLAS'StC, \a. Pertaining to authors of the
)LAS'SLC-AL, J first rank ; primarily, to the best
Greek and Roman authors ; pertaining to a class
or classis.
CLAS-SI-C-AL'I-TY, > n. The quality of being clas-
CLAS'SIC-AL-NESS, j sical.
CLAS'SI-AL-LY, ad. In the order of classes ;
elegantly ; according to the style of classic au-
thors.
CLAS-SlFTC, a. Constituting or noting a class.
)LAS-SI-FI-eA'TION, n. Act of arranging, or state
of being arranged in classes.
-CLAS'SI-FlJBD (-fide), o. Formed into a class or
classes.
CLAS'SI-FY, v. t. To form into a class or classes.
CLAS'SIS, n. Class ; order ; sort ; judicatory like a
presbytery in the Reformed Dutch and French
churches.
-CLAT'TER, n. Confused, rattling noises.
!LAT'TER, v. i. To make confused noises ; v. t.
to cause to rattle.
CLAT'TER-ING, n. Lou.l rattling noises ; a. mak-
ing sharp, abrupt sounds ; rattling.
CLAUSE, n. A sentence or part of a sentence ; an
article in a contract, will, &c.
CLAUS'TRAL, a. Relating to a cloister.
CLAV'I--CLE (klav'e-kl), n. The collar-bone.
CLA'VI-ER, n. An assemblage of all the keys of an
organ or piano-forte, representing all the sounds
used in melody or harmony.
CLAVI-GER, n. One who keeps the keys of any
place.
-CLAW, n. The hooked nail of a beast, bird, or
other animal ; narrow part of a petal.
CLAW, v. t. To tear with the claws ; to scratch.
-CLAWED (klaud), a. Furnished with claws.
CLAY, (kla), n. A species of compact, tenacious
earth capable of kneading ; frailty.
-CLAYEY (kla'y), a. Consisting of clay ; like clay.
CLA
77
CLI
D&VE, WQLF, BQOK J RULE, BTTLL ; Vl"CIOUS. 6 ES K ; 6 as J ; S as Z J CH as SH ; THIS.
CLA Y1SH, a. Partaking of the qualities of clay.
CLAY'-MARL, n. A smooth, chalky clay.
CLAYTMORE, n. A large sword formerly used bj
the Scottish Highlanders.
LAY'-P1T, 11. A place where clay is dug.
CLAY'-STONE, n. Feldspathic rocks resemblin
indurated clay.
GLEAN, a. Free from dirt, or whatever defiles or
renders imperfect ; pure ; innocent ; entire.
CLEAN, v. t. To free from dirt ; to purify.
CLEAN, ad. Quite; fully; entirely.
CLEAN'LI-NESS (klen'le-ness), n. Neatness; free
dom from impurity ; purity.
CLEAN'LY (klen'ly), a. Free from dirt; pure,
neat.
CLEAN'LY, ad. In a clean manner ; nicely ; ele
gantly; dextrously.
CLEAN'NESS, n. Freedom from dirt ; neatness :
purity ; innocence.
LEANS'A-BLE (klSnz'a-bl), a. That may be
cleansed.
CLEANSE (klgnz), v. t. To free from impurities
to make clean ; to purify.
CLEANS'ER, n. He who or that which purifies
a detergent.
CLEANS'ING (klSnz'ing), n. The act of purify-
ing.
CLEAR (kleer), a. Free from mixture, obstruction
difficulty, obscurity, defect, &c. SYN. Pure
transparent; plain; obvious; lucid; distinct;
manifest ; bright. See APPARENT.
CLEAR (kleer), v. t. To make clear; to free from
obstructions ; to free from any thing noxious j
to remove all encumbrances ; to liberate ; to
cleanse ; to free from obscurity ; to purge from
guilt ; to leap over or pass by without touching or
failure ; to acquit ; to gain beyond expenses. To
clear a ship, to procure permission to sail.
CLEAR, v. i. To become free from clouds ; to be-
come free from impurities or encumbrances.
CLEAR' AGE, n. The removing of any thing.
CLEARANCE, n. Act of clearing; a permit for a
vessel to sail.
CLEARING, n. A defence ; justification ; a tract
of land cleared of wood.
CLEAR'ING-HOUSE, n. A place where the ac-
counts of different banks with each other are ad-
justed and balances paid.
CLEAR'LY, ad. Plainly ; evidently ; briehtly.
CLEAR'NESS, n. Literally, brightness"; hence,
freedom from every thing which obscures. SYN.
Perspicuity ; transparency. Clearness is either
physical or mental. In the latter case it is a qua-
lity of thought, as perspicuity is of language.
Clear ideas ; a clear arrangement ; perspicuous
phraseology. Transparency is both physical and
moral. The transparency of the heavens ; trans-
parent integrity ; a transparent style.
CLEAR'-SIGHT-ED (-si-ted), a. Quick to discern ;
judicious.
CLEAR'-STARCH, v. t. To stiffen with starch, and
clear by clapping between the hands.
CLEAR'-STO-RY, ) n. An upper story of a church
CLERE'-STO-RY, j (with windows), rising clear
above the roof on the two sides.
CLEAR'-TGNED, a. Having a clear voice or
sound.
A piece of wood for strengthen -
or fastening ropes by.
, a. That may be cleaved.
CLEAT (kleet), n.
in
CLEAVA-BLE,
CLEAVAGE, n. The act of splitting ; capability of
being split.
CLEAVE (kleev), v. t. [pret. CLKAVED, CLAVE,
CLOVE ; pp CLEFT, CLOVEN, CLEAVED.] To split ;
to divide ; to sever ; to part forcibly ; v. i. to ad-
here ; to stick ; to hold to ; to unite ; to part ; to
crack ; to separate.
CLEAVER, n. A butcher's instrument for cutting
up meat ; he who or that which cleaves.
CLI-.F, n. A character to show the key in music.
CLEFT, n. A crack ; an opening made by split-
ting ; a piece of wood split oil'.
CLEM'EN-CY, n. Disposition to treat with favou*
and kindness. SYN. Lenity; gentleness; indul.
gence ; mercy ; compassion.
CLEM'ENT, a. Mild ; kind : merciful.
CLENCH. See CLINCH.
CLEP'SY-DRA, n. A sort of water-clock among
the ancients.
CLER'GY, n. The body of men consecrated by due
ordination to the service of God in the Christian
Church ; the body of the ecclesiastics in distinc-
tion from the laity. The word is commonly con-
fined to ministers of the Established Church.
Benefit oj Clergy, an exemption from criminal
process, extended at one time to all who could
read.
CLER'GY-MAN, n. A person in holy orders ; one
of the clergy ; a minister.
CLER'IC-AL, a. Pertaining to the clergy, who
were originally called clerfcs ; hence, belonging
to a clerk, as a clerical error.
CLERK, n. [pro. CLARK.] Formerly a clergyman ;
one able to read ; a scholar ; in modern usage, a
writer for another ; an assistant in a shop or
store ; the reader of the responses in the Church
service.
CLERK'SHIP, a. The business or office of a clerk.
CLEVER, a. Having or showing manual dexterity
or skill, as a defer artist ; marked by intellectual
ability and tact, as a clever review or speaker.
SYN. Expert; dextrous; skilful; adroit.
CLEVER-LY, ad. Skilfully ; readily.
CLEVER-NESS, n. Skill ; dexterity; good dis-
position; ingenuity.
CLEVIS,) n. The U-shaped draft-iron on the end
CLEV'Y, j of a cart-tongue or plough-beam.
CLEW (klu), n. A ball of thread ; any thing that
guides ; lower corner of a sail. See CLUE.
CLEW, v. t. To truss up to the yard, as a sail.
CLICK, v. i. To make small sharp noises.
CLICK, n. The latch of a door ; a catch.
CLI'ENT, n. The employer of an attorney or law-
yer ; a dependent ; among the Romans, one who
Sit himself under a protector or patron.
'ENT-SHIP, n. The condition of a client.
CLIFF, n. A steep rock ; a precipice ; a clef.
CLIFF, in music. See CLEF.
CLI-MAC'TER-IC, ") a. Denoting a critical
CLI-MAC-TER'IC-AL, J period of life.
CLI-MAC'TER-IC, n. A critical period or year of
human life.
CLI-MA-TOL'O-GY, n. Science of climate.
CLI'MAX, n. Gradation; ascent; a figure of rhe-
toric, in which a sentence rises, as it were, step by
step, or a series of sentences or particulars rise in
importance or dignity to the close.
CLlMii (klime), v. i. or t. To mount by the hands
and feet ; to ascend with effort ; to ascend.
CLIMB'ER (klim'er), n. One that climbs.
CLIME, n. A climate ; a region of the earth [poeti-
cally.]
)L1NCH, v. t. To gripe; to hold fast; to make
fast ; v. i. to hold fast upon.
BLINCH, n. Fast hold; part of a cable ; a turn or
twist of meaning. [tening.
CLINCH'ER, n. A holdfast ; a cramp or iron fas-
CLiNG, v. i. [pret. and pp. CIUNG.] To adhere
closely ; v. t. to dry up or wither. STiafc.
CLiNG'Y, a. Disposed to adhere ; adhesive.
CLIN'IC, \a. Pertaining to a bed, or sick-bed;
CLIN'IC-AL, $ keeping bed.
CLIN'IC, n. One confined to his bed by illness.
CLINK, 1>. t. or i. To make a sharp ringing sound ;
CLINK, n. A sharp ringing sound. [to jingle.
CLINK'ER, n. Vitreous matter or slag.
CLlNK'-STONE, n. A kind of trap or greenstone ;
phonolite.
CLIP, v. t. To cut off, as with scissors ; to confine
or embrace; to run rapidly, as "to clip it down
the wind." SYN. To curtail; shorten; diminish.
CLI
1, fl, &c., long.jL, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
LlP, n. A blow with the hand ; the act or pro-
duct of sheep-shearing ; an embrace.
CLIPPED (klipt), pp. or a. Cut off; curtailed.
CLIPPER, n. One who clips; one who diminishes
coin ; a vessel built for swift sailing.
CLIPPING, n. A piece cut off.
CLIQUE (kleek), n. [Fr.] A narrow circle of per-
sons ; a party.
CLOAK, ~)n. A loose outer garment; a cover; a
-CLOKE, .) blind ; a disguise ; a pretext.
CLOAK,) v. t. To cover, as with a cloak; to
CLOKE,) hide; to disguise; to use a false pre-
tence.
CLOCK, n. A large time-piece; ornament of a
stocking.
CLOCK'-MAK-EE, n. One who makes clocks.
CLOCK'- WOEK (klok'wurk), n. Machinery or
movements of a clock ; weU-adjusted work.
CLOD, n. A lump of earth; a dunce; v. i. to
harden into a lump.
CLOD'DY, a. Full of clods ; rough ; hard.
CLOD'-HOP-PEE, n. A clown ; a dolt.
CLOD'PATE, ) n. A stupid fellow ; a dolt ; a thick
CLOD'POLE, 5 skull.
CLODTA-TED, a. Stupid; dull.
CLOFF. See CLOUGH.
CLOG, v. t. To load with extraneous matter so as
to check or embarrass. SYN. To impede; ob-
struct; encumber; hinder; v.i. to be loaded with
extraneous matter.
CLOG, n. An obstruction ; something which hin-
ders motion, or serves to encumber. SYN. Load ;
weight; hinderance; impediment.
CLOG'GY, a. Apt to clog ; heavy.
CLOISTER, n. A place of religious retirement.
SYN. Monastery ; nunnery ; convent ; abbey ;
priory. Cloister is generic, being a place of seclu-
sion from the world; a monastery is usually for
men called monks ; a nunnery is always for wo-
men; a convent is a community of recluses ; an ab-
bey and a priory are named from their respective
heads, an abbot or prior.
CLOIS'TEE, v. t. To shut up in a cloister.
CLOIS'TEEED, a. Confined to a cloister; se-
cluded ; solitary ; built around.
CLOKE, n. An outer garment. See CLOAK.
CLOSE (kloze), . t. To shut; to join; to finish ;
to conclude ; to unite; to inclose ; v. i. to iinite ;
to coalesce; to come together ; to terminate.
CLOSE (kloze), n. Conclusion; pause; temporary
finishing; end; junction.
CLOSE, n. An enclosure; a narrow passage or
alley, o. Shut fast; private; confined; oppres-
sive; near; compact; reserved; covetous; ad.
closely; nearly.
CLOSE-COM-MUN'ION, n. The practice of ad-
mitting to the communion only those of the same
sect.
CLOSE^COR-PO-EA'TION, n. A corporation which
shuts out others, and perpetuates itself by its
own acts.
CLOSE'-FlST-ED, o. Penurious ; niggardly.
CLOSE'LY, ad. In a close state or manner.
CLOSE'NESS, n. The state of being close; com-
pactness ; tightness ; penuriousness.
CLOS'ET, n. A private apartment.
CLOS'ET, v. t. To take in or shut up in privacy.
CLOS'ING, n. End ; period ; conclusion.
CLOS'ING, o. That ends or concludes.
CLO&'URE (klo'zhur), n, A closing ; an enclosure ;
that which closes.
CLOT, n. A concretion ; a lump ; coagulation.
CLOT, 1>. t. or i. To concrete ; to form into a lump,
or inspissated mass.
CLOTH (20), n.; pi. CLOTHES (klauthz). A stuff of
wool, cotton, &c., formed by weaving.
CLOTHE, v. t. [p?-et. and pp. CLAD, CLOTHED.] To
furnish with garments; to dress; to cover; to
invest.
CLOTHES (klothz or kl5z), n. ; pi, of CLOTH. Gar-
ments ; coverings of cloth. SYN. Vestments ;
dress ; apparel.
78
CLU
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOV*,
CLOTH'IER, n. One who fulls and dresses cloth j
a maker or seller of cloth; one who furnishes
clothes.
CLOT H'LNG, n. Garments ; dress ; covering.
CLOUD, n. A thick collection of vapours in the
air; any collection of vapour, smoke, &c., re-
sembling a cloud ; a multitude ; a state of ob-
scurity.
CLOUD, v. t. To overspread or darken with clouds ;
to obsciire ; to variegate with colours ; v. i. to be-
come cloudy or obscure.
CLOUD'-C 4PT, a. Topped with clouds.
CLOUD'I-LY, ad. Darkly ; gloomily ; with clouds.
CLOUD'I-NESS, n. Obscurity by clouds ; variega-
tion of colours.
CLOUD'LESS, a. Free from clouds.
CLOUD'Y, a. Full of clouds; obscure; spotted;
variegated; gloomy.
CLOUGH (kluf), n. A cleft ; a ravine in a hill.
CLOUGH (klof), n. An allowance in weight in ad-
dition to tare and tret.
CLOUT, n. A patch ; a piece of cloth for any mean
purpose ; a flat-headed nail ; plate of iron.
CLOUT, v. t. To patch; to nail; to cover with a
clout.
CLOVE, n. An aromatic spice ; a cleft or ravine.
CLO'VEN (klo'vn), pp. of CLEAVE. Cleft ; split.
CLO'VEN-FQOT-ED, ") a. Having the hoof in se-
CLO'VEN-HQQF-ED, ) parate parts.
CLO'VER, n. A genus of plants called trefoil.
CLOWN, n. A rustic ; a rude, unpolished person ;
a jester or buffoon.
CLOWN'ISH, a. Having the qualities of a clown ;
rude; rustic; clumsy; ill-bred.
CLOWN'ISH-LY, ad. Eudely; awkwardly; in a
clownish way.
CLOWN'ISH-NESS, n. Rudeness of manners;
ill-breeding ; awkwardness.
CLOY, v. t. To fill to satiety.- SYN. To glut; to
satiate.
CLUB, n. A heavy stick to be wielded by the
hands ; a select association of persons for a par-
ticular purpose ; amount or share of expense ;
name of a suit of cards.
CLUB, v. i. To join in common expense or for a
common purpose; v. t. to unite for a common
purpose ; to combine.
CLUB'-FQQT-ED, a. Having short or crooked
feet.
CLUB'-LAW, n. Government by clubs or brute
force ; violence in place of law.
CLUB'-EOOM, n. An apartment in which a club
meets.
CLUB'-SHAPED (-shapte), a. Like a club ; thicker
at one end ; clavated.
CLUCK, v. t. To call chickens by a particular
sound ; v. i. to make a noise as a hen when calling
chickens.
CLUE, n. That which guides us amid intrica-
cies, as if by a thread running through them : a
clew.
CLUMP, n. A thick piece of wood; a cluster; a
CLUM'SI-LY, ad. Heavily ; awkwardly.
CLUM'SI-NESS, n. Heaviness of motion; awk-
wardness ; ungainliness.
CLUM'SY, a. Literally, lumpish ; hence, heavy and
ungraceful in form, motion, &c. ; ill-made, SYN.
Awkward ; uncouth. See AWKWARD,
CLUNG, pret. and pp. of CLING.
CLUSTER, n. A bunch; a collection of indivi-
duals.
CLUSTER, v. i. To grow or unite in a bunch or
crowd ; to collect together ; v. t. to collect into a
bunch or body.
GLU STER-ING, a. Growing in a cluster.
CLUSTER- Y, a. Growing in clusters.
CLUTCH, n. A gripe ; grasp. Clutches, hands in
the sense of rapacity.
CLUTCH, v. t. To clasp with the fingers; to grasp
tightly or rapaciously ; to hold fast ; to gripe.
CLUTTER, n. An assemblage in confusion.
CLU
79
COO
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK J RULE, BrLl ; VICIOUS. as K ; G as J J S US Z J CH aS SH J THIS.
LtTT'TER, v. t. To crowd together in confusion ;
to fill with things in confusion v. i. to fill with
confusion ; to bustle.
CLtS'TER, n. An injection for cleansing the bowels
or lower intestines.
GO, an abbreviation of CON, when prefixed to words,
signifies ivith or union ; an abbreviation of company.
GOACH (19), n. A four-wheeled carriage for plea-
sure or travelling.
COACH, v. t. To convey in a coach.
COACH'-BOX, n. The coachman's seat.
COACH'-HOUSE, n. A shed for a coach or car-
riage.
COACH'-MAK-ER, n. One who makes coaches.
COACinVIAN, n. One who drives a coach.
COACH'MAN-SHIP, n. Skill in driving.
CO-AC'TION, n. Compulsion; force; restraint.
O-AC'l '1 VE, a. Having the power of compulsion ;
acting in concurrence.
CO-AD'JU-TANT, a. Mutually assisting.
CO-AD-JC'TOR, n. One who aids another. STN.
Assistant ; helper ; colleague ; ally.
CO-A'GENT, 7i. An assistant in an act ; a fellow-
agent.
CO-AG'C-LA-BLE, a. Capable of being concreted
or coagulated.
CO-AG'C-LATE, v. i. To curdle ; to concrete ; to
change from a fluid to a thick or fixed state ; v. i.
to turn from a fluid to a concrete state.
CO-AG-C-LATION, n. The act or process of curd-
ling; concretion; the body formed by coagulat-
ing.
CO-AG'tT-LA-TlVE, a. Having power to coagu-
late.
CO-AG'(T-LA-TOR, n. That which causes to curdle.
CO-AG'C-LUM, n. Rennet ; that which causes co-
agulation ; a coagulated mass.
COAL, TI. Wood charred; a solid combustible sub-
stance used for fuel, found embedded in the
earth.
COAL, v. t. To burn to charcoal ; v. i. to get or
take in conl ; as, the steamer stopped to coal.
COAL'ER-Y, n. A place where coal is dug; col-
liery.
CO-A-LESCE' (ko-a-lSss), v. i. To unite; to grow
together.
CO-A-LES'CENCE, n. The act of uniting ; union.
O-A-LES'CENT, a. Joined; united; coming to-
gether.
COAL'-FIELD, TI. A bed of fossil coal.
COAL'ING, n. The act of taking in coal.
CO-A-L1"T1ON (-lish'un), n. Union in a body or
mass ; union of persons, parties, or states. SYX.
Confederacy ; alliance ; league ; combination.
COAL'-MEAS'URE, n. A measure for coals ; coal
measures, beds of coal ; coal-formation.
COAL'-MINE, n. A mine where coal is taken from
the earth.
COAL'-MI-NER, n. A worker in a coal-pit.
COAL'-PlT, n. A pit where coal is dug.
eOAI/Y, a. Full of coal : like coal ; black.
COAM'INGS, TI. pi. In ships, the raised borders or
edges of the hatches.
CO-AKT'ATE, a. Pressed together.
COARSE, a. Not fine; not refined; inelegant;
mean. SYN. Gross ; rude; rough; unpolished.
COARSE'LY, ad. In a coarse manner j roughly ;
rudely.
COARSETSTESS, n. Grossness ; rudeness; rough-
ness ; largeness.
COAST, n. Edge or border of land next to the sea ;
sea-shore ; limit or border of a country.
COAST, v. t. or i. To sail along or near to the
shore.
COAST'ER, n. A person or vessel that sails along
a coast trading from port to port.
COASTING, a. Sailing along the coast ; n. a sail-
ing near land, or from port to port in the same
country.
COAT (19), n. A man's upper garment ; a covering
or layer ; the covering or fur of a beast, &c. ; petti-
coat ; a tunic of the eye ; that on which ensigns
armorial are portrayed, usually called a coat of
arms. Coat of mail, a kind of shirt, consisting of
a net-work of iron rings.
COAT, v. t. To cover with a coat or layer.
COAT-EE', n. A coat with short flaps. jj.
COAT'ING, TI. A covering ; cloth for coats.
COAX, r. t. To lead on by kind treatment. SYN.
To wheedle; flatter; appease; persuade; entice.
COAX'ER, n. One who entices by flattery ; a
wheedler.
COB, TI. Literally, head ; hence, a rounded mass,
as in cobble-stone, cob-coal, &c. j a thick, strong
pony ; a spike of maize.
CO'BALT (ko'bolt), n. A mineral of a reddish-gray
colour, used to give a blue colour to glass, en-
amels, porcelain, &c.
CO-BALT'IC, a. Pertaining to cobalt.
COB'BLE, n. A small boat used in fishing.
COB'BLE, ) TI. A roundish stone ; a peb-
COB'BLE-STONEJ ble; a boulder.
COBBLE, v. t. To mend coarsely or clumsily; to
make or do buncjliugly.
COB'BLER, 7i. A mender of shoes ; a bungler.
COB'WEB, n. A spider's web ; a trap ; a. slight ;
flimsy.
COC-AGNE' or COCK-AIGNE' (kok-ane'), n. An
imaginary country of idleness, luxury, and de-
light, jocularly applied to London and its suburbs.
COG-ClF'ER-OUS (kok-sifer-us), o. Producing
berries.
eOCH'I-NEAL, TI. A substance composed of dried
insects (coccus cacti), used in dyeing scarlet.
COCHLE-A-RY,) ,, , - % )a Like a screw, or
COCH'LE-ATE, i" t.* oll *-)j snail's shell ; spiral.
COCK. v. t. To set upright ; to strut ; to set the
cock of a gun ; to gather hay into conical heaps.
COCK, n. The male of birds and fowls ; a spout o r
instrument for discharging fluids; the hammer
of a gun-lock ; pile of hay ; a small boat ; a pro-
jection ; gnomon of a dial ; a leader.
COCK-ADE', 71. A ribbon, or knot of ribbon, or
something similar, to be worn on the hat.
COCK'A-TRICE, TI. A kind of serpent imagined to
proceed from a cock's egg.
COCK'-BOAT, n. A small boat.
COCK'-CHAF-ER, n. The dorr-beetle.
COCK'-GROW-ING, n. The time of the crowing of
cocks in the morning ; early morn.
COCK'ER, v. t. To fondle ; to caress ; to pamper.
COCK'ER-EL, 71. A young cock.
COCK'ER-ING, n. Indulgence.
COCK'ET, n. A ticket or warrant from the cus-
tom-house.
COCK'-FIGHT, ) f f..* (n. A contest of
COCK'-FIGHT-ING,J V^ \ cocks.
COCK'-HORSE, a. On horseback ; triumphing.
COCK'LE (kok'kl), n. A genus of bivalves or shell-
fish ; a tall purple-flowered weed.
COCK'LE, v. t. or i. To contract into wrinkles, to
shrink.
COCK'LE-STAIRS, n. pi. "Winding or spiral stairs
COCK'- LOFT, n. A room over the garret.
COCK'NEY (kdk'ny), TI. ; pi. COCK'NEYS. A con-
temptuous name for a native of London ; a. per-
taining to or resembling a cockney; an effeminate
citizen.
COCK'NEY-ISM, n. Dialect or manners of a cock-
ney.
C( )( K'- PAD-DLE, n. The lump-fish.
COCK'PIT, 71. A place where cocks fight ; a room
in a ship under the lower gun-deck.
COCK'ROAf II, n. A troublesome insect, the
blatta, infesting houses.
COL'.K'S'COMB (kox'kome), n. The comb of cock;
a plant; a i'op.
COCK'S WAIN (familiarly contracted into kSk'sn),
n. The steersman of a boat, having command in
the absence of an oificer.
\ (ko'ko), 11. The chocolate tree; the nut
of this tree ; a decoction from a preparation oi
the nut. [The more proper spelling would be
cacao.]
COG
80
1, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
0'-eOA-NtTT, u. The nut or fruit of a kind of palm
tree inclosed in a fibrous husk.
O-OON', n. The silken ball in which the silk-
worm involves itself; the like ball or case formed
by certain other insects.
O-OON'E-RY, n. A building or apartment for
silk worms.
0l'TlLE, o. Made by baking, as a brick.
COITION, n. A boiling; a digestion.
COD, n. A sea fish of the genus Gadus; a bag;
envelope, or case of seeds.
OD'DLE,) v. t. To caudle; hence, to make
j much of ; to parboil.
CODE, n. A book of the civil law ; a collection or
digest of laws.
C&DEX, n.; pi. -Go'Di-cls. [L-1 A manuscript ; a
book ; a code.
GfriyGER, n. A rustic ; a clown ; a miserly man.
Or>'I-CIL, n. A supplement to a will.
O-DI-FI--eA'TION, n. The act or process of re-
ducing laws to a system.
O'DI-FY, v. t. To reduce to a code.
OD'-L1NE, a. A line for taking codfish.
GOD'LING, n. A young cod ; an unripe apple.
O-EF'FI--eA-CY, n. Joint efficacy or power.
O-EF-Fi"CIEN-CY, (-fish'en-sy), n. Joint opera-
tion.
O-EF-Fl"CIENT (fish'ent), a. Operating to-
gether.
O-EF-Fl"CIENT, n. That which is connected
with something else in producing an effect ; in
algebra, a number or letter prefixed as a multiple
to another letter or quantity, as 3a.
(E'LI-A-6, ) a. Pertaining to the belly or to the
JE'LI-A>, j intestinal canal.
CO-EMP'TION. n. A purchasing of the whole.
O-E'QUAL, a. Equal with another.
0-E-QUAL'I-TY (-kwol'e-ty), n. Equality with
another.
eO-E'QUAL-LY, ad. With joint equality.
O-ERCE' (13), v. i. To impel by force ; to re-
strain; to repress. SYN. to compel. Coerce (L.
cocrceo,to drive or press) had at first only the
negative sense of checking or restraining by force,
as to coerce subjects within the bounds of law ;
it has now also gained a positive sense, that of
driving forward or compelling, as to coerce the
performance of a contract.
CO-ERC'I-BLE, o. That may be restrained or
forced.
O-ER'CION, n. Restraint or compulsion by force.
CO-fiR/ClVE, a. Serving to restrain ; compulsory.
O-ER'C1VE-NESS, n. Power to restrain.
O-ES-SEN'TIAL, a. Partaking of the same es-
sence.
COES-SEN'TIAL-LY, ad. In a co-essential man-
ner.
eO-ES-TATE', n. A state of equal rank a tinion
of interests or estates.
0-E-TA'NE-OUS, a. Of the same age with an-
other ; beginning to exist at the same time.
0-E-TER'NAL (13), a. Equally eternal with an-
other.
CO-E-TEE'NI-TY, n. Equal existence from eter-
nity; equal eternity.
CO-E'VAL, a. Of the same or equal age ; n. one of
the same age.
!0-EX-E'U-TOR, n. A joint executor.
CO-EX-IST (-egz-i'sf), v. i. To exist together.
CO-EX-IST'ENCE, n. Existence at the same time.
eO-EX-IST'ENT, a. Existing at the same time.
O-EX-TEND' v. t. or i. To extend to the same
limit ; to extend equally.
O-EX-TEN'SION, n. Equal extension.
O-EX-TEN'SlVE, a. Equally extensive.
O-EX-TEN'ISVE-NESS, n. Equal extension.
OF'FEE, n. The berry of a tree; a drink made
from the berry of the coifee-tree by decoction.
t>F'FEE-HOUSE, n. A house of entertainment.
COF'FEE-MILL, n. A mill to grind coffee.
<JOF'FEE-POT, n,. A pot in which coffee is boiled,
or in which it is brought to table for drinking.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BiRD J MOVE,
GOF'FER, n. A chest; a treasure; p. t. to deposit
in a coffer; to treasure up.
eOF'FER-DAM, n. A curb or close box of timber
to be sunk to the bottom of rivers or other water,
and the water pumped out; used in laying the
foundation of piers and abutments in deep water.
GOF'FLN, n. A box or chest for the dead human
body ; in ferriery, the hollow part of a horse's
foot in printing, a wooden frame, enclosing the
stone on which the form is imposed.
GOF'FIN, v. t. To enclose in a coffin.
OF'FLE, n. A gang of slaves on their way to mar-
ket, from an Arabic word denoting caravan.
OG, v. t. To natter ; to deceive ; to draw by adu-
lation or artifice ; to thrust in by deception ; v. t.
to deceive ; to lie ; to wheedle.
OG, n. The tooth of a wheel ; a boat.
O'GEN-CY, n. Power of compelling or of pro-
ducing conviction ; force ; urgency.
0'GENT, a. Having great force ; adapted to con-
vince. SYN. Powerful ; urgent ; forcible ; con-
vincing ; resistless.
0'GENT-LY, ad. With force or urgency.
K V )G / I-TA-BLE J a. That may be thought on.
06'I-TATE, v. i. To think ; to meditate.
'OG-I-TA'TION, n. The act of thinking. SYN.
Meditation ; thought ; contemplation.
OG'I-TA-TlVE, a. Thinking; having the power
to think; given to meditation.
^OG'NATE, a. Born together; allied by blood;
" orn the same stock ; related.
on'vak) ( W- A kind of brand y> ?o
*****(. called from Cognac, in
France.
eOG-NFTION (kog-nish'un), n. Knowledge; cer-
tain knowledge.
-eOG'iSri-TlVE, a. Knowing or apprehending by the
understanding.
-eOG'NI-ZA-BLE (kog'- or kon'-), a. Falling, or
that may fall under judicial notice, or under no-
tice or observation.
eOG'NI-ZANCE (kog'- or kon'-), n. Knowledge or
notice ; jurisdiction ; acknowledgment, as of a
fine.
OG'NI-ZANT (kog'ne-zant or kon'e-zant), o.
Having knowledge of.
-GOG-NI-ZEE' (kog-ne-zee' or kon-e-zee'), n. One to
whom a fine is acknowledged.
)OG-NI-ZOR' (kog-ne-z5r / or kon-e-zur'), n. One
who acknowledges a fine.
COG-NO'MEN, n. [L.] Surname ; family name.
GOG-NOM'IN-AL, a. Pertaining to a surname.
OG-NOS'CENCE, n. Knowledge.
COG-NOS-CEN'TE, n.; pi. COG-NOS-CN'TI, [It.] A
connoisseur.
COG-NO TIT, n. [L.] In law, an acknowledgment
by the defendant of the justice of the plaintiff's
claim.
OG'- WHEEL, n. A wheel with cogs or teeth in-
serted.
-GO-HAB'IT, v. i. To live as husband and wife, or
together.
-eO-HAB-IT-A'TIpN, n. A "living together, or AS
husband and wife.
O-HEIR' (12) (ko-air), n. A joint heir with an.
other.
O-HEIR'ESS (ko-air'ess), n. A female who is
joint heiress.
O-HERE', v. i. To stick together ; to be well con-
nected. SYN. To adhere ; unite ; stick ; agree -.
suit ; be consistent.
O-HER'ENCE, \n. A sticking together ; union
O-HER'EN-CY, j of parts ; suitable connection ;
consistency.
O-HER'ENT, a. Sticking together; consistent;
fitting.
0-HER'ENT-LY, ad. In a coherent manner;
with diie connection or agreement.
GO-HE'SION (ko-he'zhun), n. The act of sticking
together ; the power that holds the particles ol
bodies together ; state of union ; connection.
O-HE';1VE, o. Sticking; adhesive.
COH
81
COL
:, WOLF, B9QK j RULE, BULL ; vl"cious. as K ; 6 as J ; s as z j CH as SH ;
CO-HE'SlVE-NESS, n. Quality of sticking together.
CO-HOES',) v/%-1,-,, i\ f n - A fal1 of water in a
CO-HOZE,'} to-hoze) | river< j- Indian- ]
eO'HORT, n. Among the JRomans, a troop of sol-
diers, about 500 or 600.
OIF, n. A cap for the head; v. t. to cover with
a coif.
GCIFFORE (koifyur), n. A head dress.
COIL, v. t. To gather or wind into a ring.
COIL, 7i. Circular form of a rope or a serpent ;
noise ; confusion. Shalt.
COIN, n. A piece of metal legally stamped, and
issued for circulation as money; current coin is
coin circulating in trade ; a wedge-shaped block
to support a column on an inclined plane ; a
wedge ; a corner or external angle ; a projection.
OIN, v. t. Tc stamp metal for money; to make or
forge. .
COIN'AtiE, n. Act of coining ; money coined;
the coins of a particular stamp or issue ; expense
of coining ; formation ; invention.
CO-IN-CIDE', v. i. To agree ; to concur ; to meet.
O-lN'CI-DENCE, n. Agreement; concurrence:
a happening at the same time. [current'.
CO-lN'CI-DENT, a. Agreeing; consistent; con-
GOIN'ER, n. A maker of money ; inventor.
COIN'ING, n. The act or art of stamping metallic
money.
COIR, n. The fibres of the cocoa-nut-tree ; cordage
made of these fibres.
0-I"TION (-Ish'un), n. Copulation : a meeting or
coming together.
CO-JOIN', v. t. To unite in the same thing.
COKE, n. Fossil coal deprived of its bitumen by
heat in closed vessels.
eOL'AN-DER (kul'len-der), n. A vessel for strain-
ing liqiiors. See CULLENDER.
COL'O-THAR, n. A red oxide of iron remaining
after the distillation of sulphuric acid from sul-
phate of iron ; used in polishing ; crocus.
COLD, a. Destitute of or deficient in warmth, phy-
sical or moral. SYN. Frigid; chilly; chilling;
bleak ; inanimate ; indifferent ; spiritless ; re-
served; coy.
COLD, n. Sensation produced by a loss of heat ; a
disorder occasioned by cold ; catarrh.
COLD'-BLOOD-ED (-blud'ed), a. Having cold
blood ; without sensibility or feeling.
COLDLY, ad. In a cold manner ; reservedly ; in-
differently.
COLD'NESS, 7i. Want of heat ; frigidity ; reserve ;
indifference ; want of sensual desire.
eO-LE-OFTER-AL, ") a. Having win<rs with a
CO-LE-OP'TER-OUS, j case or sheatii, as the
beetle.
-COLE'WORT, n. A sort of cabbage.
COL'I-C, n. A painful spasmodic affection of the
bowels.
COL-LAB'O-RA-TOR, [IV. -COLLABORATED], n.
An associate in labour.
OL-LAPSE', v. i. To fall together ; to close.
'OL-LAPSE', n. A falling together or closing ; a
sudden prostration of strength.
COL'LAR, 7i. Something worn round the neck ; the
part of a garment at the neck ; a ring ; a band.
GOL'LAR, v. t. To put on a collar ; to seize by the
collar.
COL-LATE', v. t. To compare; to examine; to
bestow ; to confer a benefice on a clergyman ; to
gather and place in order, as the sheets of a book
for binding.
OL-LAT'ER-AL, a. Being by the side; side by
side ; having indirect descent from the same
stock, as distinguished from lineal; concurrent.
Collateral security is security for the performance
of a covenant besides the principal security.
OL-LAT'ER-AL, n. A collateral relation.
COL-LAT'ER-AL-LY, ad. In a collateral manner ;
side by side ; indirectly.
OL-LA'TION, n. The act of placing together and
comparing; a conferring ro bc-towin-r- a repast
betweem meals.
-COL-LA'TlVE, a. That may be conferred by a
bishop.
-COL-LA'TOR, n. One who compares and examines
manuscripts or copies of books.
COLLEAGUE (kol'leeg), n. A partner in office.
!OL'LAGUE, v. t. or t. To unite with in the
same office.
-COL-LE^T, v. t. To bring together ; to infer from
observation or reasoning ; to gather, as taxes or
crops. SYN. To assemble ; muster; infer; deduce.
-COL-LE43T', v. i. To run together; to accumulate.
-COL'LE1T, 11. A short comprehensive prayer.
OL-LE-TA'NE-OUS, a. Collected.
-COL-LikST'ED, a. Self-possessed ; cool ; com-
posed ; calm.
COL-LE-GT'ED-LY, d. In one view or body ; to-
gether ; in a cool, prepared state of mind.
-COL-LE-GT'ED-NESS, n. Self-possession.
OL-LE!T'I-BLE, a. That may be collected or
recovered.
-COL-LEI'TION (Wshun), n. Act of collecting ;
that which is collected. SYN. Assemblage ; con-
tribution ; gathering ; compilation ; deduction.
-COL-LE^T'IVE, a. Formed by gathering ; infer-
ring ; deducing consequences ; in grammar, ap-
plied to a noun including a collection or number
of individuals under a singular form, as an army.
-GOL-LE!T'1VE-LY, ad. In a body ; together.
OL-LE!T'OR, n. One that collects or compiles;
one who collects duties or taxes.
COL-LECT'OR-ATE, \n. The office of collector
^'OL-LE^T'OR-SHIP, ) of customs or taxes ; the
district belonging to a collector.
COL'LEGE, 7i. An assembly or society ; institu-
tion for instruction ; edifice for collegians.
-COL-LE'(jtI-AL, a. Pertaining to a college.
-COL-LE'61-AN, n. A member of a college.
OL-L'GI-ATE, a. Belonging to a college; in-
stituted like a college.
-COL-LE'GI-ATE, n. A member of a college.
-eOL'LET, 7i. Part of a ring in which the stone is
set ; a band or collar ; the part of a plant between
the stem and root ; the part of a bottle where the
pipe is attached in blowing.
COLL'IER (kfil'yer), n. A digger of coals ; a coal-
ship ; a dealer in coal. [are dusr.
-COLL'IER_-Y (k6l-yer-y), n. A place where coals
-eOL'LI-GATE, v. i. To bind together.
-COL-LI-GA'TION, 71. Act of binding together.
OL-LI-MA'TION, n. Act of aiming at a mark;
line of ccllimation, the line of sight or optical axis
of a telescope or astronomical instrument.
-COL-LING'GUAL (-Img'gwal), a. Having or per-
taining to the same language.
COL'LI-QUATE, v. i. or t. To melt j to liquefy ;
to dissolve.
OL-LI-QUl'TION, n. The act of melting ; a dis-
solving or wasting.
-COL-LlQ'UA-TiVE (kol-Wwa-ttv), a. Tending to
dissolve; dissolving; wasting or tending to
waste.
-COL-LIQ-UE-Fl'TION (kol-lik-we-fak'shun), n.
A dissolving or flowing ; a melting together.
-COL-LlS'ION (lizh'un), n. A striking together ; a
clash ; opposition, as of interests.
-eOL'LO-^ATE, w. t. To place ; to set in order.
OL-LO-CA'TION, n. Placing together j disposi-
tion in place ; arrangement.
OL-LO-U'TOR, n. One who speaks in a dia-
-COL-LO'DI-ON, n. A solution of gun-cotton in
ether; used in surgery and in making photo-
^OL'LOP,' n. A cut or slice ; a fat lump.
eOL-LO'QUI-AL, a. Pertaining to conversation.
-COL-LO'QUI-AL-I^M, n. A conversational or col-
loquial form of expression.
-COL'LO-QUIST, n. A speaker in a dialogue.
GOL'LO-QUY, n. Mutual discourse of two or more
SYN. Conference ; conversation ; dialogue.
-COL-LUDE', v . i. To conspire in a fraud ; to play
into each other's hands.
COL
82
COM
i, fi, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
eOL-Ltl'SION (-lu'zhun), n. A secret agreement
to defraud or deceive. SYN. Connivance. In
connivance (lit., winking at) one overlooks, and
thus sanctions what he was bound to prevent ; in
collusion, he unites with others (playing into their
hands) for fraudulent purposes. The connivance of
public men at what is wrong is often the result of
the basest collusion.
eOL-LfJ'SlVE, a. Deceitful ; fraudulent.
COL-LU'SlVE-LY, ad. By collusion ; with secret
fraud.
eOL-LC'SO-RY, o. Carrying on fraud by agree-
ment.
COL-LU'VI-ES, n. [L.] Filth ; a sink; a mixed
mass of refuse matter.
CO-LOGNE' WA-TER (ko-loue), n. A liquor com-
posed of spirits of wine, oil of lavender, oil of
rosemary, essence of lemon, and oil of cinnamon.
-GO'LON, n. The point (:), denoting a pause; the
largest of the intestines.
CO'LO-NEL (kur'nel), n. The commander of a
regiment of troops.
GO'LO-NEL-CY (kur'nel-sy), ) n. The office
CO'LO-NEL-SHIP (kur'nel-ship, ) or rank of a
colonel.
CO-LO'NI-AL. a. Belonging to a colony.
eOL'O-NIST, 11. An inhabitant of a colony.
OL-O-NI-ZA'TION, n. The settling of a colony.
OL-O-NI-ZA'TION-IST, n. One friendly to colo-
nization.
6L'O-NIZE, v. t. To settle with inhabitants ; to
plant a colony in ; v. i. to remove and settle in a
distant country.
GOL-ON-NADE', n. A row or series of columns.
COL'O-NY, n. A company of persons who remove
and settle in a distant country, continuing subject
to the parent state ; the country colonized.
OL'O-PHO-NY, n. A dark-coloured resin obtained
from the distillation of turpentine.
GOL'OUR (kul'ur), n. A property of light, giving
to bodies different appearances to the eye; the
prismatic colours are red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, indigo, and violet ; the primary colours are
red, yellow, and blue ; that which is used for co-
louring ; paint ; appearance to the eye ; appear-
ance to the mind; superficial cover; palliation;
external appearance ; false show. Colours, in the
military art, a flag, ensign, or standard ; a banner
in an army or fleet.
COL'OUR, (kul'ur), v. t. To dye; to stain; to dis-
guise ; to exaggerate ; v. i. to blush.
eOL'OUR-A-BLE, a. Designed to cover and de-
ceive. SYN. Specious ; plausible.
-CdL'OUR-A-BLY, ad. In a specious manner.
eOL-OR-A'TION (kul-ur-a'shun), n. The art of
colouring.
COL-OR-lFTG, a. Able to produce colour.
OL'OTJR-ENG (kul'ur-ing), a. Dyeing; tinging;
staining ; n. act of dyeing ; specious appearance ;
the manner of applying colours.
eOL'OTJR-IST (kul'ur-ist), n. One who excels in
colouring.
eOL'OTTR-LESS, a. Destitute of colour.
eOL'OURS (kul'urz), n. pi. A banner ; flag ; ensign.
O-LOS'SAL, ") a. Like a colossus; huge; gi-
OL-OS-SE'AN, > gantic.
eO-LOS'SUS, n. A statue of gigantic size.
COL'PORT-AGE, n. The system of distributing
tracts and small books by colporteurs.
eOl/PORT-EUR,) n. One who travels for distribut-
OLTORT-ER, > ing or vending small books,
religious tracts, &c.
60LT (19), n. The young of the horse kind.
GCI/TER, n. The fore-iron of a plough to cut the
sod.
GOLT'ISH, a. Like a colt; frisky.
e6L'UM-BA-RY, n. A pigeon-house.
COL'UM-BlNE, n. A genus of plants; pantomimic
heroine.
OL'UMN (kol'um), n. A long, round body, re-
sembling the stem of a tree, used to support or
adorn an edifice ; a body pressing perpendicularly
FALL, WHAT; THiiEE, TERM; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
on its base like a shaft or column ; a perpendicu-
lar row of lines in a book ; a body of troops in
deep files with narrow front.
eO-LUM'NAR, a. Having the form of a column.
-60-LtJRE', n. The colures in astronomy are two
great circles passing through the solstitial and
equinoctial points, and intersecting at the poles.
OM, as a prefix, denotes with, to, or against.
CO'MA, n. A preternatural propensity to sleep ;
hairiness of a comet.
-CO'M ATE, a. Hairy ; encompassed with a coma or
bushy appearance.
0'MA-TOSE, ) a. Drowsy ; dozing without natu-
-eO'MA-TOTJS, j ral sleep; lethargic.
-GOMB (koine), n. An instrument for separating
and cleaning hair, wool, &c. ; a red fleshy tuft or
caruncle growing on a cock's head ; the cells in
which bees lodge honey.
GOMB (kome), v. t. To dress ; to separate and
cleanse with a comb ; v. i. to break in foam, as
the top of a wave.
-COM'BAT, n. A contest of opposing parties.
SYN. A battle ; fight ; conflict ; engagement ; en-
counter.
OM'BAT, v. i. To fight ; to contest ; to oppose ;
followed by with before persons, and for before
things.
-eOM'BAT, v. t. To fight against; to oppose by
force.
!OM'BAT-ANT, n. One who fights ; a champion ;
a. disposed to quarrel or contend.
6M / BAT-IVE, a. Disposed to combat.
eOM'BAT-lVE-NESS, n. Disposition to fight.
-GOM-BlN'A-BLE, a. That may be combined.
OM-BI-NA'TION, n. Intimate union or associa-
tion; commixture; assemblage. SYN. A coali-
tion; conjunction; confederacy; league; cabal.
COM-BlNE', v. t. To unite intimately ; to join ; to
agree; to cause to unite ; v. i. to coalesce or unite
intimately ; to agree ; to league or confederate.
-GOM-BIN'ER, n. He that combines.
eOM-BUS-TI-BlL'I-TY, \n. Capacity of burning
eOM-BtrS'TI-BLE-NESS, j or being burnt.
eOM-BtfS'TI-BLE, a. That will take fire and
burn ; inflammable.
eOM-BtfS'TI-BLE, n. A substance that will
take fire and burn ; an inflammable material.
-eOM-B0S'TION (bust'yun), n. A burning; con-
flagration ; confusion ; violent agitation with
hurry and noise.
-GOME (kum), v. i. [prct. CAME; pp. COME.] To
move toward ; to advance nearer ; the opposite of
go ; to arrive ; to happen ; to appear ; to become ;
to sprout.
-GO-ME'DI-AN, n. An actor of comedies.
-GOM'E-DY, n. A humorous dramatic piece.
OME'LI-NESS (kumle-ness), n. The quality of
being comely or suitable ; grace ; beauty ; de-
cency.
-eOME'LY (kum'-), a. Becoming in appearance.
SYN. Handsome; graceful.
OM'ER (kurn'er), n. One that draws near.
COM'ET, n. A heavenly body, generally with a
nebulous envelope or train of light, and moving
round the sun in a very eccentric orbit ; a blazing
star ; a game at cards.
t>M'ET-A-RY, a. Relating to a comet.
OM-ET-OG'RA-PHY, n. A description of or
treatise on comets.
* A ^sweetmeat.
-GOMTORT (kiim'furt), v. t. To relieve or cheer
under affliction or depression. SYN. To console;
solace ; enliven ; refresh.
-66M'FORT (kum'furt), n. Relief or cheering under
affliction or depression ; that which brings relief.
SYN. Consolation ; solace. Consolation is usually
from without, and supposes some definite and
pretty severe affliction, as a friend consoles under
bereavement ; comfort may come from, within, am
may refer to lighter evils or continuous trials, as
the comfort of love, the comforts of old age. Solace
COM
83
COM
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; KULE, BTTLL ; Vl"CIOU3.
is a thing which we make or find for ourselves, as
the solace of books, society, &c.
eOM'FORT-A-BLE, a. Giving or possessing com-
fort ; enjoying ease ; giving strength ; n. a warm
coverlet.
e6M'FORT-A-BLY, ad. With comfort or ease.
e6H'FORT-ER (kum'furt-er), n. One who com-
forts ; a title of the Holy Spirit ; along knit wool-
len tippet.
C6M7FORT-LESS, o. Having no comfort.
t>M'I}, a. Relating to comedy, as distinct from
tragedy ; raising mirth ; fitted to excite mirth.
OMTe-AL, a. Diverting; droll; odd; comic.
OM'I-6-AL-LY, ad. In a comical manner.
OM'I-AL-NESS, n. The quality of being comi-
cal ; the power of giving mirth.
COM'ING (kum'ing), o. Drawing near or arriving ;
future ; 11. a drawing nearer ; an arrival.
eO-Mi"TIAL (-mish'al), a. Pertaining to Roman
assemblies, or comitia.
OM'I-TY, n. Courtesy of intercourse. SYN. Civi-
lity ; good breeding ; mildness ; friendliness.
COM1VIA, n. The point (,) noting the shortest
pause in reading.
COM-MAND 7 (6), v. i. To have or exercise supreme
authority ; v, t to order ; to direct ; to govern ;
to lead.
OM-MAND / (6), n. Supreme authority ; power of
compelling; a body of troops. SYN. Control;
sway ; power ; authority ; mandate ; order.
OM-MAN-DANT', n. A commanding ofiicer.
OM-MAND'A-TO-RY, a. Having the force of a
command.
OM-MAND'ER, n. One who directs or governs ;
in the navy, an officer between a lieutenant and
captain; a mallet.
OM-MAND / ING, a. Controlling by influence or
authority ; having an air of authority and
governing ; directing ; powerful.
OM-MAND'MENT, n. Command; order; law;
precept, especially of the decalogue or moral law.
OM-MA-TE'RI-AL, a. Consisting of the same
matter with another thing.
OM-]VIEAS'UR-A-BLE (-mgzh'ur-), a. Reducible
to the same measure ; commensurable.
OM-MEM'O-RA-BLE, a. Worthy to be remem-
bered.
OM-MEM'0-RATE, v. t. To celebrate with hon-
our ; to call to remembrance by a solemn obser-
vance. See CELT. P. RATE.
OM-MEM-O-RA TION, n. A public celebration ;
the act of honouring the memory of a person or
event by some solemnity.
eOM-MEM'0-RA-TlVE, \a. Serving to com-
COM-MEM'O-RA-TO-RY, $ memorate or to pre-
serve the memory of,
COM-MENCE', v. i. To begin ; to take rise ; v. t.
to originate; to enter upon ; to begin.
OM-MENCE'MENT, n. Beginning; origin; first
existence ; day of taking degrees in a college.
OM-MEND', v. t. To speak in favour of ; to com-
mit. SYN. To praise; recommend; applaud.
eOM-MENryA-BLE, or -COM'-, a. Worthy of
praise ; laudable.
CJOM-MEND'A-BLE-NESS, . State of being com-
mendable, or worthy of praise or commendation.
GOM-MEND'A-BLY, ad. So as to deserve praise.
OM-MEND-A'TION, n. The act of commending ;
ground of esteem. SYN. Praise; approbation;
applause.
eOM-MEND'A-TO-RY, o. Tending to commend;
holding a benefice in commendam .
f'OM-MEND'ER, n. One who commends.
OM-MEN-SU-RA-BIL'I-TY, ) n. Capacity of
OM-MEN'SU-RA-BLE-NESS, f having a com-
mon measure.
OM-MEN'SU-RA-BLE (men'shu-ra-bl), a. Hav-
ing a common measure.
COM-MEN SU-RATE (-mSn'shu-rate), a. Of equal
measure ; having a common measure.
OM-MEN'SU-RATE. v. t. To reduce to some
common measure.
as K ; G as J ; s as z ; OH as SH ; THIS,
OM-MEN'SU-RATE-LY, ad. With the capacity
of being measured by some other thing; with
equal measure.
GOM-MEN-SU-RATION, n. Reduction to a com-
mon measure ; proportion.
^OMGMENT, or -COM-MENT', v. i. TO explain by
words or notes ; to annotate ; to make remarks
or critcisms.
-eOMTVIENT, n. Note or notes designed to explain ;
remarks by way of criticism. S?N. Annotation;
observation ; stricture.
OM'MENT-A-RY, n. Comment; exposition; a
book of comments or annotations.
-eOM'MENT-A-TOR, n. One who writes com-
ments, or explains ; an expositor ; an annotator.
-GOM-MENT'ER, n. One who writes comments.
-eOM'MERCE, n. Interchange of commodities ;
personal intercourse. SYN. Trade ; traffic ; deal-
ing ; communication.
-eOM'MERCE, v. i. To trade ; to barter j to traffic ;
to hold intercourse with.
-eOM-MER'CIAL, a. Relating to or engaged in
commerce or trade.
-GOM-MER'CIAL-LY, ad. In a commercial view.
COM-MI-NA'TKXN, n. A threat of punishment ; a
denunciation.
OM-MIN'A-TO-RY, a. Denouncing punishment ;
threatening.
OM-MING'GLE (-ming'gl), v. t. To mix together ;
to blend; v. i. to mix or unite together.
OMMI-NpTE, v. t. To reduce to fine particles;
to pulverize.
C'OM-MI-NCTION, n. Act of reducing to fine par-
tides ; pulverization ; attenuation.
OM-MlS'ER-A-BLE, a. Deserving pity.
OM-M1$'ER-ATE, v. t. To pity; to compassion-
ate ; to feel sorrow or pain for.
OM-MIS-ER-A'TION, n. Concern for the suffer-
ings of others. SYN. Pity ; sympathy j compas-
sion.
'OM-MtS'ER-A-TOR, n. One who pities.
eOM-MIS-SA'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a commis-
sary.
OM'MIS-SA-RY, n. A deputy ; a commissioner ;
one to whom is committed a particular charge,
duty, or office.
6M'MIS-SA-RY-SHIP, n. The office of a com-
missary.
OM-M1S'SION (-mMi'uii), n. The act of commit-
ting ; the thing committed ; a writing conferring
official powers ; charge or compensation for trans-
acting business ; order ; a number of persons
joined in an office ; a trust.
'OM-MlS'SION, v. t. To give a commission to ; to
empower ; to authorize ; to appoint.
OM-MIS"SION-ER (-mish'un-er), n. One em-
powered to act ; one holding a commission to exe-
cute some business for another.
OM'MIS-SURE (kom'mish-yur), n. A joint; a
part uniting ; suture ; interstice ; seam.
GOM-MlT', v. t. To intrust ; to send to prison ; to
deposit ; to pledge ; to perpetrate ; to effect. See
CONSIGN.
OM-MlT'MENT, n. The act of committing.
OM-MlT TAL, n. A pledge actual or implied ; act
of committing.
'OM-MlT / TEE, n. A select number of persons
appointed to do any business.
OM-MIX', v. i. To mix ; to mingle.
OM-MIX', v. t. To mingle together ; to blend.
OM-MlX'TION (-rnikst'yun), n. A blending of
different things.
OM-MIX'TCRE (kom-mikst'yur), n. Act of mix-
ing ; mingled mass ; compound ; composition.
C'OM-MODE', n. A woman's head-dress ; literally,
a convenient article ; a small side-board.
C'OM-MO'DI-OUS, a. Affording ease and conve-
nience. SYN. Convenient ; suitable ; fit; proper;
useful; comfortable.
OM-MO'DI-OUS-LY, ad. Conveniently ; fitly.
OM-MO'DI-OUS-NESS, n. Convenience ; fitness;
suitableness for its purpose.
COM
I, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST
OM-MOD'I-TY, n. That which affords conve-
nience ; an article of traffic ; goods.
COM'MO-DORE, n. A commander of a squadron ;
the leading ship of a fleet of merchantmen.
COM'MON, a. Belonging equally to more than one,
or to many indefinitely ; public ; usual ; belong-
ing to a number; ordinary; of no rank or dis-
tinction ; prostitute.
eOM'MON, n. A tract of land belonging to two or
more ; an open ground.
OM'MON, v. i. To use together; to board to-
gether.
OM'MON-A-BLE, a. Held in common.
OM'MON-AGE, n. The right of pasturing on a
common ; the just right of using any thing in
common with others.
eOM'MON-AL-TY, n. The body of common citi-
zens ; the bulk of mankind.
OM'MON--t'OUN'CIL, n. A representative coun-
cil for the government of a city.
COM'MON-ER, 7i. One not noble; a member of
the House of Commons ; a student of the second
rank at Oxford.
-eOM'MON-LAW, n. The unwritten law that re-
ceives its binding force from immemorial usage,
in distinction from written or statute law.
OM'MON-LY, ad. Usually ; frequently ; ordinar-
ily ; for the most part.
COM'MON-NESS, n. Frequency; usualness; state
of being common.
COM'MON-PLACE, n. A common topic ; memo-
randum ; a note ; a. common ; trite ; hackneyed.
COM'MON-PLACE, v. t. To enter in a common-
place-book, or reduce to general heads.
eOM'MON-PLACE'-BOOK, n. A book in which
things to be remembered are recorded.
eOM'MON-PLEAS, n. The name of a court for
trying chiefly civil actions.
COM'MON-PRAY'ER, n. A name for the Episco-
pal Liturgy.
EOM'MONS, n. pi. Common people ; house of repre-
sentatives ; lower house of Parliament ; common
land ; food at a common table.
GOM-MON-WEAL', n. Public good or welfare.
-eOM'MON- WEALTH, (-w<h), n. The body politic
in a free state ; the public ; a republic ; a demo-
cracy.
GOM-MO'TION, n. A state of excited and tumult-
uous action, physical or mental; tumult; dis-
turbance.
OM-MtJN'AL, a. Pertaining to a commune.
OM-MUNE', v. i. To converse together ; to con-
fer ; to have intercourse ; to partake of the sacra-
ment.
GOM'MtTNE, n. A territorial district in France.
COM-MU-NI-eA-BiL'I-TY, > n. The quality of
eOM-MU'NI-eA-BLE-NESS,j being communi-
cable, [cated.
OM-MtJ 7 NI--GA-BLE, a. That may be communi-
OM-MU'NI-ANT, n. One who communes at the
Lord's supper.
COM-MC'NI--eATE, v. t. To confer for joint pos-
session. STN. To impart ; reveal. To communi-
cate is generic : it is allowing others to enjoy in
common with us ; impart is more specific : it is
giving to others a part of what we had held as our
own, or making them our partners, as to impart
our feelings, of our property, &c. Hence there is
something more intimate in imparting intelligence
than in communicating it. To reveal is to disclose
something hidden or concealed, as a secret.
COM-MU'NI-eATE, v. i. To impart or share ; to
partake of the Communion ; to have intercourse ;
to have the means of passing from one to another.
OM-MC-NI--eA'TION, n. Act of imparting ; pas-
sage or means of passing ; intercourse by message ;
conference ; correspondence ; that which is com-
municated.
eOM-MC'NI- A-TlVE, a. Free to impart to others ;
unreserved.
OM-MD'NI-eA-TlVE-NESS, n. Readiness to im-
part ; freedom from reserve,
, n. Capacity of being inter-
4 COM
FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
GOM-MtT'NI-eA-TO-RY, a. Imparting knowledge.
-GOM-MON'ION (mun'yun), n. Mutual intercourse
or interchange ; union in faith ; fellowship ; the
Lord's supper ; agreement ; concord.
eOM'MU-NISM, n. Community of property among
all the citizens of a state or society.
eOM'MU-NIST, 7i. One who holds the principles of
communism.
eOM-MU'NI-TY, a. Common possession ; a society
of persons having common interests, &c. ; society
or the people in general.
JOM-MD-TA-BlL'I-TY, n.
changed.
COM-M(J'TA-BLE, o. That may be changed ; in-
terchangeable.
!OM-MU-TA'TION, n. Exchange one for another;
change; alteration.
-eOM-MO'TA-TlVE, a. Interchangeable ; relative
to exchange.
GOM-MOTE', v. i. To exchange one tMng for an-
other ; in law, to exchange a punishment for one
less severe ; v. i. to fix at a lower rate.
-eOM-M0T'U-AL, (mut'yu-al), a. Mutual; recip-
rocal.
-GO-MOSE', a. Ending in a tuft.
-GOM-PA!T', a. Closely united ; firm ; dense.
COM'PA-GT, 7i. An agreement ; a contract between
parties by which they are bound firmly together.
-COM-PACT', v. t. To thrust, drive, or press close-
ly together ; to make dense ; to league with.
-GOM-PACTED-LY, ad. In a compact manner.
!OM-PA-CT'LY, ad. In a close or dense manner ;
firmly.
1OM-PA-CT'NESS, n. Closeness of parts ; density;
firmness.
OM-PAG-IN-A'TION, n. Union of parts ; struc-
ture.
OM-PAN'ION, n. One who keeps company with or
who accompanies another ; an associate ; fellow ;
partner ; the porch over the entrance into a ship's
cabin.
-COM-PANION-A-BLE, a. Fit for good fellowship ;
agreeable as a companion.
COM-PAN'ION-LESS, a. Without a companion.
-G OM-PA N 'ION-SHIP, 7i. Fello wship ; ass ociation .
-eOM'PA-NY (kum'pa-ny), n. Assembly of persons ;
a subdivision of a regiment ; a corporate body ; a
firm; a partnership; a band; a crew; companion-
ship.
-GOM'PA-NY, v. i. To associate with ; to go with ;
v. t. to accompany ; to attend ; to be companion to.
-GOM'PA-RA-BLE, a. That may be compared, or
estimated as equal.
-GOM'PA-RA-BLY, ad. In a manner worthy of com-
parison or of equal regard.
COM-PAR'A-TIVE, a. Estimated by or implying
comparison; not positive or absolute. In gra,n~
mar, expressing more or less.
-eOM-PAR'A-TlVE-LY, ad, By way of comparison j
not positively, absolutely, or by itself.
COM-PARE' (4), v. i. To be like or equal ; to hold
comparison ; v. t. to estimate the qualities of one
thing relatively to something else ; to liken or
show similarity for illustration ; to form an adjec-
tive in the degrees of comparison. SYN. Com-
pare to; compare with. A thing is compared
with another to learn their relative value or ex-
cellence ; to another, with a view to show their
similarity. We compare two orators with each
other, and the eloquence of one to a thundexbolt,
and of the other to a conflagration.
COM-PARE', 7i. Comparison.
eOM-PAR'I-SON, n. Act of comparing; state of
being compared; relative estimate; a simile or
similitude.
-6OM-PART', v. t. To divide ; to arrange in paits,
COM-PAR-T1"TION (-ttsh'un), n. Act of dividing
into parts ; a separate part ; division.
COM-PARTMENT, n. A separate part or division
of any design or enclosed space.
COM'PASS (ktim'pass), v. t. To come round in the
way of encircling ; to come round in the way of
COM
85
COM
DOVE, WOLF, B<?<?K ; R^LE, BULL ; Vf'CIOUS -G as K ; 6 as J ; B B.S Z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
seeking or attaining, as to compass the king's
death; to coiupass one's designs. SYN. To sur-
round ; environ ; enclose ; plot ; contrive ; gain ;
secure ; obtain ; consummate.
BOM'PASS (kum'pass), n. A circle ; space ; extent ;
reach ; limit ; an instrument for determining
courses by a magnetic needle.
COMTASS-ES (ktim'pass-ez), n. pi. An instrument
for describing circles, dividing, &c.
eOM-PAS'SION (pash'un), n. Sympathizing desire
to relieve those who suffer. SYN. Commisera-
tion; pity; mercy.
COM-PAS'SIOX-ATE, a. Inclined to pity or to
show mercy. SYN. Indulgent ; tender ; merciful.
OM-PAS'SION-ATE, v. t. To pity ; to feel for ; to
commiserate.
OM-PAS'SION-ATE-LY, ad. With compassion.
eOM-PAT-I-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality or power of
co-existing with something else ; agreement ; suit-
ableness ; consistency.
OM-PAT'I-BLE, a. Consistent ; agreeable ; fit.
-eOM-PAT'I-BLE-NESS, n. Consistency; agree-
ment; fitness ; compatibility.
-eOM-PAT'I-BLY, ad. Consistently ; agreeably.
eOM-PA'TKI-OT, n. A fellow-patriot of the same
country.
COM-PEER', n. An equal ; a peer ; a colleague ; a
companion.
GOM-PEL', v. t. To drive by force. SYN. To neces-
sitate ; constrain ; oblige. See COERCE.
OM-PL'LA-SLE, a. That may be compelled.
GOM-PEL-LA'TION, n. Style of address.
eOM-PEL'LA-TO-KY, a. Compulsive.
OM-PEL'LER, w. One that constrains.
GM'PEND, ' } n. An abridgment ; a sum-
eOM-PEND'I-UM, ) mary; an epitome; a brief
compilation or composition. See ABRIDGMENT.
eOM-PEND'I-OUS, a. Summed up within narrow
limits. STN. Short; concise; brief; summary.
OM-PND'I-OUS-LY, ad. Briefly ; concisely.
O.M-PEND'I-OUS-NESS, n. Brevity; conciseness;
comprehension in a narrow compass.
OM-PENS'A-BLE, a. That may be compensated.
OM-PEN'SATE or <JM'PEN-SATE, v. i. To
make amends ; v. t. to give an equivalent ; to re-
compense.
C'OM-PEN-SA'TION, n. A recompense ; that which
supplies the place of something else; a set off ; an
equivalent. SYN. Amends ; satisfaction ; remune-
ration ; requital ; reward.
C'OM-PEN'SA-TlVE, a. Making recompense.
QM-PEN'SA-TO-RY, a. Making or offering amends.
COM-PETE', v.i. To claim to be equal; to carry
on competition. SYN. To strive ; rival ; contend.
OM'PE-TENCE, \n. Sufficiency; especially of
OM'PE-TEN-CY. j the means of living ; legal
capacity or right. SYN. Fitness; adequacy; capa-
bility.
-COM'PE-TENT, a. Adequate to some end or duty ;
having legal capacity or right. SYN. Sufficient;
fitted; suitable; qualified.
OM'PE-TENT-LY, ad. Adequately; sufficiently.
OM-PE-TI"TIOX (tish'un), n. Strife of two or
or more for the same object, or for superiority.
SYN. Eivalry ; contest ; opposition ; struggle.
OM-PET'I-TlVE, a. Pertaining to competition.
eOH-PETI-TOR, n. One whose aims and efforts
come into competition with another's. STN. Bi-
val ; opponent.
OM-PI-LA'TION, n. The act of collecting into an
aggregate ; a collection of certain parts of a book
or books into a separate book.
COM-PlLE', v. t. To select from authors so as to
form a new volume or system ; to collect and ar-
range.
COM : PIL'ER, n. One who selects from authors.
OM-PLA'CENCE, ") n. Satisfaction of mind.
OM-PLA'CEN-CY,j SYN. Approbation; plea-
sure; gratification; cheerfulness.
OM-PL A/CENT, a. Showing pleasure or satisfac-
tion. SYN. Pleased; cheerful; happy.
OM-PLA'CENT-LY, ad. With satisfaction.
eOM-PLAIN', v. i. To find fault ; to express grief.
SYN. To murmur; accuse; lament; regret;
repine.
-COM-PLlIN'ANT, 7i. One who complains ; a pro-
secutor ; a plaintiff.
-COM-PLAIN'ING, a. Expressing dissatisfaction,
sorrow, or censure; querulous.
-COM-PLAIN'HSTG, n. The expression of grief or
censure. SYN. Sorrow; regret.
COM-PLAINT', 11. An expression of grief or cen-
sure; the thing complained of; a disease. SYN.
Murmuring; lamentation; accusation.
JOM'PLAI-SANCE, n. Kind and obliging treat-
ment. SYN. Civility; courtesy; urbanity; good-
breeding ; suavity ; affability.
6.M'PLAI-SANT, a. Kindly attentive ; desirous
to please. SYN. Courteous; polite; urbane;
obliging ; civil.
-GOM'PLAI-SANT-LY, ad. Civilly; courteously.
-eOM-PLA'NATE, a. Flat; having thin plates.
COM'PLE-MENT, n. That which fills up ; the full
number ; completeness.
OM-PLE-MENT'AL, a. Filling up the number.
'OM-PLETE', a. Having no deficiency ; brought
to an end or conclusion. SYN. Whole ; entire ;
total. Whole has reference to parts, as a vihole
week ; total to parts taken collectively, as the total
amount; entire sets aside parts, and regards a
thing as an integer, i.e., continuous or unbroken,
as an entire year; complete supposes progress, i.e.,
a filling up to some end or object, as a complete
victory.
C'OM-PLETE', v. t. To fill tip or accomplish. SYN.
To finish ; perform ; execute ; achieve ; termi-
nate ; conclude ; realise ; effect ; fulfil.
OM-PLETE'LY, ad. Perfectly ; wholly ; fully.
-GOM-PLETE'MENT, n. The act of completing.
-GOM-PLETE'NESS, n. Entireness ; perfect state.
-COM-PLE'TION, n. Act of finishing ; perfect state ;
utmost extent ; accomplishment.
OM-PLE'TlVE, a. Making complete.
-COM'PLEX, a. Composed of many parts ; intri-
cate. SYN. Composite; compounded; compli-
cated.
OM-PLEX'ED-NESS, a. Complication; intricacy;
compound state.
-COM-PLEX'ION (-plSk'shun), n. The colour of the
skin or face ; temperament or habitude.
-COM-PLEX'ION-AL, a. Belonging to the habit.
C'OM-PLEX'I-TY, >. A complex or intricate
OM'PLEX-NESS, j state.
-GOM'PLEX-LY, ad. Intricately; obscurely; in a
complex manner.
OM-PLEX'CBE (-plCks'yur), n. Complication or
involution of one tiling with others.
OM-PLI'A-BLE, a. That can comply or yield.
-G'OM-PLI'ANCE, n. A yielding as to a request,
proposal, &c.
-COM-PLl'ANT, a. Disposed to yield. SYN. Yield-
ing submission.
^OM-PLl'ANT-LY, ad. In a yielding manner.
-COM'PLI-!ATE, v. t. Literally, to twist together;
hence, to make intricate, followed by u-itTi.
SYN. To entangle ; involve ; perplex ; infold.
^OM'PLI-CATE, a. Infolded; intricate; difficult.
OM'PLI-A-TED, a. Intricate; entangled; per-
plexed, [ness.
OM'PLI- GATE-NESS, n. Intricacy; complex-
-COM-PLI-eA'TION, 71. An interweaving or in-
volving of different things ; entanglement.
COM PLI-A-T1VE, a . Tending to involve.
COM-PLIC'I-TY (-plis'e-ty), . The state or condi-
tion of being an accomplice.
'OM-PLl'ER, n. One who complies or obeys ; a
person of yielding temper.
-COM-PLI-MENT, n. An act or expression of civil-
S'by; a favour bestowed ; praise. See ADULATION.
M7PLI-MENT, r. t. To flatter with praises ; to
congratulate ; to show kindness by some present
or favour; v. i. to pass compliments.
t'OM-PLI-MENT'AL, a. Expressive of praise cr
civility ; implying compliments.
COM
86
CON
1, fi, &o., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!HD ; MOVE,
COM-PLI-MENTA-RY, a. Civil; obliging; ex- -GOM-PRESS'IVE, a. Having power to compress.
OM-PRESS'URE (kom-prgsh'ur), n. Pressure ; a
forcing together.
-GOM-PRl'SAL, n. The act of comprising.
-eOM-PPJSE', v. t. To contain; to include within
itself ; to involve ; to imply.
-eOM'PRO-MlSE, n. An amicable agreement; ad-
justment by mutual concessions.
-GOM'PEO-MISE, v. t. To adjust and settle by
mutual agreement and concession ; v. i. to agree ;
to accord.
-eOM'PRO-MlS-ER, n. One who compromises.
!OM'PRO-MIT, v. t. To commit; to pledge or
engage ; to put to hazard.
loM-P&LllTO V RY ) a " Compelling; obliging.
OM-PCL'SION (-pttl'shun), n. Force applied ; act
of compelling; state of being compelled. SYN.
Constraint ; restraint. Restraint is a holding
back from some act ; constraint is a driving one
into it by an urgency which overrules the will ;
compulsion is the use of overpowering force.
-GOM-PDL'SlVE, a. Forcing: constraining.
-eOM-PtTL'SlVE-LY, ad. By force.
-eOM-PtTL'SlVE-NESS, n. Force: compulsion.
!OM-PCri/SO-RI-LY, ad. By compulsion.
-eOM-PUL'SO-RY, a. Forcing; compelling.
OM-P0N!'TION, n. Poignant grief from a con-
sciousness of sin. Srx. Remorse. Remorse (lit.,
gnawing) is anguish of soul under a sense of guilt ;
compunction (lit., pricking) is pain from a wounded
and awakened conscience. Neither of them im-
plies true repentance.
OM-P0NmOUS (-ptink'shus), a. Giving pain
for offences ; exciting remorse of conscience ; re-
pentant.
)OM-PUR-GA'TION, n. In law, the act of justify-
ing a man upon the testimony of others.
COM-PUR-GA'TOR, n. One who bears testimony
to the veracity or innocence of another.
-GOM-POT'A-BLE, a. That may be computed.
-eOM-PU-TA'TION, n. Act of reckoning; esti-
mate ; the sum or quantity ascertained by com-
puting ; calculation.
-GOM-POTE', v. t. Literally, to cast together. SYN.
To calculate ; number ; estimate ; count.
GOM-POT'ER, n. One who computes ; a calcula-
tor ; a reckoner.
COM'RADE, n. A companion ; a partner in occu-
pation or danger ; an associate.
CON, a prefix denoting with or agai?ist, and taking
the forms of co-, cog-, col-, com-, con-, and cor-, ac-
cording to the first letter of the word with which
it is compounded. Pro and con, for and against.
-CON, v. t. To know ; to fix in the mind ; to study.
!ON-AM'ER-ATE, v. t. To arch or vault.
!ON-eAT'E-NATE, v. t. To link together ; to con-
nect by links ; to connect in a series, as of things
depending on each other.
ON-eAT-E-NA'TION, n. Connection by links ;
a series of links united, or of things depending on
each other.
-CON'-GAVE, a. Hollow without angles ; arched ;
having a form of surface like the inside of a hol-
low sphere or of any roundish body ; opposed to
convex.
-eON'-GAVE, n. A hollow ; an arch or vault.
eON-eAV'I-TY, n. Hollowness of a body ; cavity j
interior ; vaulted form or space.
fON-A / VO-OW*AVE. Concave on both the
faces.
-6ON-!A'VO-ON / VEX. Concave on one side and
convex on the other.
ON-CEAL' (-seel'), v. t. Not to utter or divulge ;
to keep in secret. SYN. To hide ; disguise ; dis-
semble; secrete. To Mde is generic; to conceal
is simply not to make known what we wish to
keep secret ; disguise or disse)nbZe is to conceal by
assuming some false appearance ; to secrete is to
Jiide in some place of secrecy. A man may con-
ceal facts, disgiiise his sentiments, disse7nble hi3
feelings, or secrete stolen goods.
OM'PLlNE, n. The closing prayer of the day in
the Romish breviary.
OM'PLOT, n. A joint plot. SYN. Combination ;
conspiracy.
OM-PLOT', v. i. To plot together ; to conspire.
eOM-PLU-TEN'SIAN (-tSn'shan), n. The Com-
plutensian copy of the Bible is that of Complutum,
in Spain, first published in 1575.
GOM-PLY', v. i. To yield to ; to submit to ; fol-
lowed by with. SYN. Accede ; assent.
COM-PO'NENT, a. Constituent ; composing.
OM-PO'NENT, n. A constituent part.
6OM-PORT', v. i. To agree; to suit; to accord;
v. t. to behave; to conduct; with the reciprocal
pronoun.
eOM-PORT'A-BLE, a. Consistent ; suitable.
eOM-POSE', v. t. Literally, to bring or put toge-
ther ; hence, to form into a mass or body ; to form
into language or expression ; to bring into a state
of peace; to set up in type. SYN. To constitute ;
make up ; calm ; quiet ; appease ; settle ; allay.
eOM-POSED 7 (-pozd'), a. Calm; sedate; quiet;
tranquil.
eOM-POS'ED-LY, ad. Calmly ; sedately.
GOM-POS'ED-NESS, n. Calmness; sedateness.
COM-POS'ER, n. One who composes; one who
originates a literary production or piece of music ;
an author.
COM-POS'INGr-STlCK, n. In printing, an instru-
ment in which types are set from the case, ad-
justed to the length of the lines.
OM'POS-lTE, a. Made up of parts ; in architec-
ture, the last of the five orders of columns, com-
posed of the Ionic and Corinthian ; composite
numbers are such as can be measured by a num-
ber exceeding unity.
eOM-PO-Sl"TION (-zfeh'un), n. The act of com-
posing, or the result produced. SYN. Work ;
production ; mixture ; agreement ; adjustment.
-eOM-POS'I-TlVE, a. Compounded, or having the
power of compounding or composing.
COM-POS'I-TOR, n. One who sets types.
OM'POST, n. A mixture for manure ; v. t. to lay
on compost for manure.
GOM-PO&'URE (-po'zhur), n. A composed state of
mind. SYN. Tranquillity ; sedateness ; calmness ;
order ; form.
eOM'POUND, a. Composed of two or more in-
gredients ; n. a mixture of ingredients.
COM-POUND', v. t. To mix in one mass ; to unite
or combine ; to settle or adjust by agreement ;
v. i. to agree, or come to terms of agreement ;
to settle, as debts, on terms different from those
originally agreed upon.
eOM-POUND'ER, n. One who compounds.
COM-PRE-HEND', v. t. To embrace within lim-
its or by implication ; to comprise ; to embrace in
the mind; to understand. SYN. To contain; in-
clude ; imply ; apprehend ; conceive.
GOM-PRE-HEN'SI-BLE, a. That can be under-
stood or comprehended.
OM-PRE-HEN'SION, n. Act or quality of com-
prehending or containing ; understanding ; capa-
city ; sum or compendium.
OM-PRE-HEN'SiVE, a. That comprehends much.
SYN. Large ; wide ; full ; capacious.
OM-PRE-HEN'SIVE-LY, ad. In a comprehen-
sive manner. [prehending much.
OM-PRE-HEN'SlVE-NESS, n. Quality of com-
COM-PRESS', v. t. To press together; to bring
into a narrower compass. SYN. To squeeze ; con-
dense ; crowd ; embrace.
eOM'PRESS, n. A bolster or bandage of soft linen
cloth with several folds, used in surerery.
eOM-PRESS-I-BlL'I-TY, Vn. Quality of being
eOM-PRESS'I-BLE-NESS, j compressible.
OM-PRESS'I-BLE, a. Capable of being com-
pressed into a narrower compass.
OM-PRES'SION (-prebh'un), n. Act of pressing
together ; state of being compressed.
CON 87 CON
1>6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; B^LE, BT7LL ; Vl''CIOtrS. - -6 as K J 6 as J ; SOSZJ CHOSSH; THIS.
/* T~>T ~n ~ mi-~.L T i~j n/~kXT nt T /T I mTXT*~ TTT;^,
eON-CEAL'A-BLE, a. That may be concealed or
kept secret.
GON-CEAL'ER, n. One who conceals.
eON-CEAI/MENT, n. Act of hiding; secrecy;
privacy ; secret place ; disguise.
ON-CDE', v. i. To give up ; to admit as true,
just, or proper. SYN. To yield; grant; allow,
See ACKNOWLEDGE,
ON-CD'ED, o. Yielded ; granted ; admitted.
ON-CIT (kon-seef) n. A conception ; a pleasant
fancy ; notion ; understanding ; affected or tin-
natural conception ; power or faculty of conceiv-
ing ; self-flattering opinion ; vanity.
ON-CEIT (kon-seef), v. t. To imagine; to fancy.
ON-CIT'ED a. Full of self-conceit ; vain.
CON-CEIT'ED-LY, ad. With vain opinion ; in a
conceited manner.
ON-CIY'A-BLE (-seev'a-bl), a. That may be con
ceived.
ON-CrV'A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being
conceivable.
CON-CEIV'A-BLY, ad. In an intelligible manner.
ON-CrVE', -u. t. To become pregnant with ; to
form in the mind ; to have an opinion or belief ;
to imagine. SYN. To apprehend ; suppose ; think ;
believe ; v. i. to become pregnant ; to have a con
ception ; to think.
ON-nNT / , n. Concert of voices; concord of
sounds ; harmony ; consistency ; agreement.
ON-CEN'TRATE, v. t. To bring to a common
centre or point ; to bring to a closer union ; to
condense with a view to make stronger, as to con-
centrate an acid.
eON-CEN'TEAT-ED, a. Brought to a point ; made
more dense or closer.
ON-CEN-TRA TION, n. Act of drawing, or state
of being brought to a centre or common point;
the making of any substance more free from
foreign matters ; an increasing of the strength of
a solution or fluid by evapora'
ON-CN'TRA-TlVE-NESS, n. The faculty of
concentrating the intellectual force.
CON-CENTRE, v. i. To come to one point; to
meet in a common centre ; v. t. to bring or direct
to one puint or to a common centre.
ON-CNTRI, a. Having a common centre.
eON-CEP'TI-BLE, a. That may be conceived.
eON-CEP'TION, n. The act of conceiving ; thing
conceived. SYN. Idea ; notion ; apprehension.
ON-CPTlVE, a. Capable of conceiving.
ON-CERN' (13), v. t. To affect; to move; to in-
terest; to belong to; to intermeddle with the
business of others.
ON-CERN', n. That which belongs to any one.
YN. Affair; solicitude; business; interest; re-
gard; anxiety.
ON-CRN'ED-LY, ad. With affection or interest.
eON-CfiRN'ING, ppr. [not properly a prep.] Per-
taining to ; regarding.
ON-CRN'MENT, n. A concern ; business.
CON-CERT', v. t. To contrive together ; to plan.
ON'CERT, n. Agreement ; accordance in any
plan or undertaking ; harmony ; music in parts or
by a company ; a musical entertainment.
CON-CER-TI'NA, n. A musical instrument similar
in principle to an accordion.
CON'CERT-PiTCH, n. The degree of elevation
generally adopted for a given note, by which the
other notes are governed,
>N" (-sSsh'un), n. Act of yielding;
thinar yielded ; grant.
eON-CES'SlVE, a. Implying concession.
ONH (krtnk.i, n. A marine shell.
ONH-OID'AL (konk-oid'ol), a. Resembling a
marine shell; having sb ell-shaped elevations and
depre- mcTioidal fracture.
ONH-OL'O-G1ST, n. One versed in the natural
history of shells.
I-OL'O-GY, n. The doctrine or science of
shells.
eON-Cil/I-ATE, v. t. To gain by kindness ; to re-
concile. SYN. To win ; propitk, j ; engage.
ON-CIL'I-A-TING, ppr. or a. Winning ; engag-
ing; reconciling; having the quality of gaining
favour.
eON-ClLI-A-TION, n. Act of conciliating or win-
ning; reconciliation.
-eON-ClL'I-A'TOR, n. One who conciliates.
-GON-CiLl-A-TO-RY, o. Tending to conciliate or
reconcile. SYN. Pacific; winning; persuasive.
-eON-CtN'NI-TY, n. Fitness; suitableness; a
jingling of words. [Eare.l
ON-CIN'NOUS, a. Neat ; fit ; becoming.
-GON'CIO (kon'sheo), n. An abbreviation for con-
do ad clerum, a sermon to the clergy.
eON-ClSE', a. Brief; short; summary, as lan-
guage ; expressing much in few words.
-eON-'ClSE'LY, ad. Briefly ; in few wcrds ; shortly.
CON-CISE'NESS, n. Brevity ; the quality of ex-
pressing thoughts in few words ; shortness.
ON-CIS'ION (-steh'un), n. A cutting off; exci-
sion ; hence, in Scripture, those who adhered to
circumcision, and so cut themselves off from the
blessings of the Gospel. [assembly.
CONCLAVE, n. An assembly of cardinals ; a, close
eON-Lt}DE', v. t. Literally, to shut up; hence,
to bring to an end ; to collect by reasoning ; to
infer ; to determine. SYN. To close ; finish ;
terminate ; decide ; v. i. to form a judgment ; to
end.
ON-LCDTXG, a. Final; ending; closing.
-eON-^LC'SION (-klu'zhun), n. End; close; con-
sequence ; inference ; decision.
-ON--eLU'SlVE, a. Closing debate ; decisive ; con-
sequential.
ON-LU'SlVE-LY, ad. Decisively, so as to de-
termine ; with final determination.
-eON-LU / SlVE-NESS, n. Decisiveness ; the qua-
lity of being conclusive.
-eON-0T, v. t To digest in the stomach ; to
seethe or cook ; to prepare or mature.
eOjST--eO'TION, n. Digestion in the stomach;
maturation ; ripening ; preparation.
ON-eGT'iVE, a. tending to digest ; digesting.
-eON-OM'I-TANCE, \n. A being in connection
-eON-eOM'I-TAN-CY, J with another thing.
-eON--eOM'I-TANT, a. Accompanying; attending;
n. an attendant ; that which accompanies.
ON'ORD, w. Agreement ; union ; harmony ; a
compact ; agreement of words in construction.
-GON-eORD'ANCE, n. An alphabetical dictionary
or index to the words of the Scriptures or other
books; agreement; harmony.
ON-ORD / ANT, a. Agreeing; suitable; corres-
pondent; harmonious.
ON-ORD'ANT-LY, ad. In conjunction.
ON-)6RD / AT, n. A compact ; a covenant.
ON-OR'PO-RATE, v. t. or t. To unite in one
Sass.
n. An assembly or assemblage ;
a meeting ; a crowd ; a place of meeting.
eON'-GRE-ATE, v. t. To create together.
OX'RE-MENT, n. A mass formed by concre-
tion.
OX-RS'CENCE, n. A growing together ; in-
crease by union of particles.
-CON-dRETE', v. i. or t. To unite into a mass.
GON'-GRETE, a. Literally, united in growing;
hence, formed by a coalition of parts ;"consistent
in a mass ; in logic, existing in a subject ; not
abstract.
'GV^RETE, 7i. A compound; amass formed by
concretion. In arcliilccture, a cemented mass of
pebbles, stone- chippings, &c.
-eON--eRETE'LY, ad. In a concrete manner.
ON-eRTE'N ESS, n. State of being conarete.
-eON-GRETION (-kre'shun), ?t. Act of concreting ;
a mass formed by growing together or other na-
tural process ; a solid substance formed in the cavi-
ties of animals.
ON-R'TiVE, a. Causing concretion.
eON-CC'SIN-AGE, n. The keeping of a mistress;
the practice of living as husband and wife without
marriage.
CON
88
CON
I, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CAKE, FAR, LAST,
ON-U'BIN-AL, ")a. Eelating to concubin-
ON-U'BIN-A-RY, | age.
CON'-eU-BlNE (konk'yu-blne), n. A woman who
lives with, a man as his wife without being mar-
ried ; a kept mistress.
GON-eU'PIS-CENCE, n. Irregular desire ; lust.
GON-eO'PIS-CENT, a. Lustful; lewd; sensual.
ON-etIR', v. . i. To meet in union ; to act to-
gether; to be conjoined. STN. To agree; coin-
cide ; combine ; unite.
GON-!UR'RENCE, n. Union of minds; agree-
ment; assent. *D
)ON-e0R'RENT, a. Coming together ; acting to-
gether ; contributing to the same end ; concomi-
tant ; being united ; n. a contributory cause.
eON-etf R'RENT-LY, ad. Unitedly ; in concert.
ON-GUS'SION (kon-kush'un), n. A shaking; a
shock; a striking together; a sudden jar or agi-
tation, as from a blow.
ON-eCrS'SlVE, a. Able or tending to shake.
ON-DEMN' (kon-dSm'), v. t. To pronounce to be
wrong ; to witness against ; to pronounce unfit
for service. SYN. To sentence ; censure ; blame ;
reprobate ; reprove ; doom.
OON-DEM'NA-BLE, a. That may be condemned.
CON-DEM-NA'TION, n. Act of condemning ; state
of being condemned. SYN. Sentence; judgment;
reprobation; blame.
ON-DEM'NA-TO-RY, a. Bearing condemnation.
-CON-DEM'NER, n. One that condemns.
ON-DENS'A-BLE, a. That may be condensed.
ON-DENS'ATE, v. t. To make dense ; to make
more compact; v. i. to become more dense; to
thicken.
ON-DENS'ATE, a. Made dense or thick; con-
densed.
ON-DEN-SATION, n. The act of condensing ; the
state of being condensed.
CON-DENSE', v. t. To compress into a smaller
compass ; to make dense or thick. SYN. To coni-
Sess; inspissate; thicken; contract.
?-DENSE', v. i. To become more dense or com-
pact ; to grow thick.
-eON-DE.NS'ER, n. A vessel for condensing air or
steam ; that which condenses.
CION-DE-SCEND', v. i. To descend from the priv-
ileges of superior rank; to do a favour ; to stoop.
eON-DE-SCEND'ING, a. Yielding to inferiors ;
obliging.
ON-DE-SCEN'SION (-sSn'shun),
n. Act of con-
descending ; courtesy ; relinquishment of strict
right ; kindness to inferiors.
ON-DIGN' (kon-dme'), a. Deserved; suitable.
-eON-DlGN'LY (-dlnely), ad. Fitly; suitably; de-
servedly, [justness.
eON-DlGN'NESS (-dine'ness), n. Suitableness;
eON'DI-MENT, n. A seasoning ; sauce; pickle.
eON-DIS-Cl'PLE, n. A fellow disciple; a school-
fellow.
ON-Di"TION (-dish'un), n. A state ; a particiilar
mode of being; quality; property; rank; terms
of a contract ; provision ; arrangement.
ON-Dl"TION (-dish'un), v. i. To make terms ;
to stipulate ; v. t. to stipulate ; to impose condi-
tions on.
ON-Dl"TION-AL, a. Implying or containing
terms or conditions; not absolute; n. a limita-
tion, conditional.
f'ON-DI-TION-AL'I-TY, n. The quality of being
ON-Dl"TION-AL-LY, ad. With limitation; on
conditions.
ON-D1"TIONED (kon-dMi'und), pp. or a. Stip-
ulated; containing conditions; having certain
qualities, good or bad.
ON-DOLE', v. i. To grieve on account of the mis-
fortunes of another ; to sympathize.
CON-DOLE'MENT, n. Grief; mutual distress ;
lamentation with others.
ON-DO'LENCE, n. Grief, or expressions of grief
and sympathy for another's loss or sorrow.
CON-DO-NA'TION, n. Pardon ; forgiveness.
CON'DOR, n. A large bird ; a species of vulture.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
ON-DtJCE'v, i. To lead or tend to; to contrib-
ute to.
ON-DtT'CI-BLE, a. Tending to some end ; hav-
ing power to promote.
ON-DU'ClVE, a. Promoting; contributing.
ON'DUT, n. Behaviour; deportment; guid
ance ; management. See BEHAVIOUR.
OON-D0OT', v. t. To lead; to guide; to escort;
to manage ; in an intransitive sense, to behave.
ON-DtTT10N, n. Transmission by a conductor,
as heat ; the act of conducting.
ON-DtTT'IVE, a. Directing ; leading.
eON-DtrT'OR, n. A leader; director ; one who
superintends a railway, omnibus, train, &c. ; that
which has the property of transmitting electricity,
heat, &c.
6N'DUIT (kon'dit), n. A water-pipe or canal ; a
duct.
ON-D0'PLI-ATE, a. Doubled together.
<30NE, n. A solid figure tapering regularly to a
point from a circular base; the conical fruit of
the pine, fi?, <fec.
ClON-FAB-tT-LA'TION, n. Familiar talk; uncere-
monious conversation ; discourse.
CONTEST, } n. Any thing prepared with
-eON-FE'TION, j sugar ; a sweetmeat.
ON-FE!'TION-ER, n. A maker or seller of
sweetmeats.
ON-FE<3'TION-ER-Y, n. A place for the sale of
sweetmeats ; sweetmeats in general.
CON-FED'ER-A-CY, n. A league or mutual agree-
ment ; persons or states thus united. SYN. Al-
liance ; coalition ; combination ; union.
CON-FED'ER-ATE, a. United in a league ; allied.
ON-FED'ER-ATE, n. One who is united with
others in a league ; an ally ; an accomplice.
ON-FED'ER-ATE, v. i. To unite in alliance,
eON-FED-ER-A'TION, n. Alliance by league or
stipulation; act of confederating; parties in alli-
ance ; compact. [compact.
ON-FED'ER-A-TlVE, a. Constituting a federal
ON-FR' (13), v. i. To consult t9gether ; to ad-
vise with ; to discourse ; v. t. to give or bestow.
CON'FER-ENCE, n. Discourse ; meeting for con-
sultation, discussion, or instruction. See CON-
VERSATION.
CON-FER'VA, n. ; pi. CONFERVA [L.] A genus of
algce, consisting of jointed, tubular filaments.
CON-FESS', v. t. To make known or acknowledge,
applied commonly to something faulty or wrong ;
in the Romish Church, to admit to confession.
SYN. Avow. We acknowledge what we feel must
or ought to be made known, as a fault or a fa-
vour ; we avow with solemnity, as against opposi-
tion or obloquy, as our principles ; we confess what
we feel to have been wrong, as our sins or errors.
When we say, " This, I confess, is my opinion,"
we imply that others may think us in the wrong,
and hence the word con/ess.
ON-FESS'ED-LY, ad. Avowedly; by acknow-
ledgment; with avowed purpose.
CON-FES'SION (fSsh'un), n. Avowal; acknowledg-
ment; formulary comprising the articles of faith.
ON-FES'SION-AL, n. A confessor's seat.
ON-FESS'OR, n. One who confesses or hears
confessions ; one who professes his faith in the
Christian religion in the face of danger.
ON'FI-DANT, n. One intrusted with a secret.
ON'FI-DANTE, n. fern. A confidential Mend.
ON-F1DE', v. i. To trust fully ; to rely on; to
believe firmly, followed by in; v. I. to intrust ; to
commit to the charge of, as worthy of confidence.
ON / FI-DENCE, n. Trust; reliance; assurance;
firm belief; boldness ; firmness.
-CON'FI-DENT, a. Having great confidence or
boldness. SYN. Bold; daring; assured; trust-
ing ; positive.
-eON-FI-DEN'TIAL (-dSn'shal), a. Admitted to
confidence ; private ; not to be divulged ; faithful.
ON-FI-DEN'TIAL-LY, ad. In confidence.
ON'FI-DENT-LY, ad. With full persuasion ; in a
confident manner; positively.
CON
89
CON
D6VE, WQIF, B<?<?K ; E-&LE, BULL ; vicious.
eON-FIG-TT-R A'TION, n. External form or shape ;
relative position or aspect of planets.
ONT1NE, n. A limit ; border ; bound.
C'ONTINE, v. i. To border on ; to be adjacent ;
followed by on.
CON-FINE', v. t. To restrain ; to limit ; to bind ;
to shut up ; to fasten.
ON-FINE'MENT, n. Restraint ; imprisonment ;
detention at one's residence, as by sickness, child-
birth, &c.
ON-F1N'ER, n. He who or that which confines ; a
borderer.
ON-FlRM' (17), v. i. To make firm or certain ; to
establish ; to make free from doubt ; to ratify ; to
admit to full privileges in the Episcopal Church
by imposition of a bishop's hands. SYN. To
strengthen ; verify ; settle ; assure.
ON-FlRM'A-BLE, a. That may be proved or
made sure.
eON-FIKM-A'TION, n. Act of confirming or es-
tablishing; proof ; that which confirms or con-
vinces ; ratification ; the rite of confirming bap-
tized persons.
CON-FIRM' A-TIVE, a. Having the power of con-
firming- ; tending to establish.
ON-FiRM'A-TO-RY, a. Adapted to confirm.
ON-FlRM'ER, 71. One who confirms.
ON-FlS'A-BLE. a. Subject to confiscation.
ON-FiS'ATE or -eONTIS-GATE, a. Forfeited
to the public treasury.
CON-FIS'-GATE or -eON'FIS-GATE, v. t. To declare
forfeited to the State by way of penalty.
ON-FIS-eA'TION, n. The act of condemning as
forfeited, and adjudging to the public treasury.
ON'FIS-A-TOR, n. One who confiscates.
ON-FtS'A-TO-RY, a. Consigning to forfeiture.
ON"-FlX', v. t. To fix; to fasten down.
eON-FLA-GRA'TION, n. A great fire or burning
of buildings.
ON-FLlT', v. i. To strike or dash against ; to
contend with. SYJT. To fight; strive; combat.
eON'FLI-CT, n. A violent opposition ; a contest ;
combat; struggle.
ONTLU-EXCE~, n. A flowing together ; the
place of flowing together; act of meeting and
crowding in a place ; a concourse ; concurrence.
GN'FLU-ENT, a. Flowing together ; uniting ; n.
a. stream flowing into another.
CON'FLUX, 7i. A junction of currents ; a crowd.
CON-FORM', v. t. To adapt to a form ; to cause
to be like ; v. i. to comply with ; to live or act
according to.
ON-Ft)RM'A-BLE, a. Agreeable ; suitable ; like ;
correspondent ; compliant.
ON-Ft>RM'A-BLY, ad. Agreeably ; suitably.
CON-FORM-A'TION, n. Act of conforming ; form ;
structure ; disposition of parts.
CON-FGRM'ER, 71. One who conforms.
ON-FORM'IST, n. One who complies with the
worship of the Church of England.
eON-FORM'I-TY, n. Compliance with ; likeness.
ON-FOUND', v. t. To throw into disorder; to
overthrow ; to mix in a mass or crowd, so as to
make indistinguishable ; to perplex with amaze-
ment ; to confuse ; to regard or treat one thing as
another. See ABASH.
eON-FOUND'ED-LY.ad. Shamefully; enormously.
ON-FRA-TER'NI-TY, n. A brotherhood.
ON-FRONT' (-frttnf), v. t. To stand face to face ;
to stand in direct opposition ; to set face to face,
as an accused person and a witness in court.
ON-FRON-TATION, n. A bringing face to face;
the act of confrontincr.
ON-FD$E', v. t. To throw into confusion or dis-
order. SYN. To derange ; confound; disconcert ;
perplex; abash, which see.
GON-FCS'ED-LY, ad. In confusion ; indistinctly.
ON-FCS'ED-NESS, n. Want of order or distinct-
ness; state of being confused.
eON-PO'SION (-fu'zhim), n. A promiscuous ming-
ling together ; perturbation of mind. SYX. Dis-
order; tumult; indistinctness ; abashment.
-e as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH ad SH ; THIS.
-GON-Ft'TA-BLE, o. That may be disproved or
confuted.
-eON-FC'TANT, n. One who confutes or under-
takes to confute.
GON-FU-TA'TION, n. Act of confuting; refuta-
tion.
ON-FCTTE', v. t. To prove to be erroneous. SYX.
To refute. We refute an argument, slander, &c.,
when we set it aside ; we confute (lit., pour upon)
when we utterly disprove it and bring evidence to
the contrary. In refuting, we prove an assertion
to be untrue ; in confuting, we prove it to be posi-
tively false, absurd, &c.
ON-F0T'ER, n. One who disproves.
-eON'CrE, v. i. To take leave ; to bow or courtesy.
CON'GE (kon'jee), 7i. [Fr.] Leave: farewell; part-
ing ceremony ; bow ; courtesy.
GON-GEAL' (-jeel'), v. t. To change from a fluid
to a solid state by cold or loss of heat ; to harden ;
v. i. to pass from a fluid to a solid state through
loss of heat ; to freeze ; to concrete into a solid
mass.
GON-GE AL'A-BLE, a. That may be congealed.
-eON-GEALEp' (kon-jeeld'), a. Hardened; con-
verted into ice.
-GON-GEAL'MENT, n. Congelation ; concretion.
CON'GE D'ELIERE (kon'je-de-ler) [Pr.] The
royal permission to a dean and chapter to choose
a bishop.
-CON-GE-LA'TION, n. The process of changing
from a fluid to a solid state by reduction of tem-
perature ; a freezing ; concretion.
-eON'GE-NER., 7i. A thing of the same nature,
stock, or origin.
GON-GE-NER're, ") a. Being of the same kind or
eON'GE-NER, $ genus.
-eON-GEN'ER-OUS, o. Being of the same kind.
eON-GE'NI-AL, a. Partaking of the same nature
or feeling ; like in disposition ; kindred ; natural.
-eON-GE-NI-AL'I-TY, ") n. Likeness of nattire,
eON-GETSTI-AL-NESS, j origin, or qualities ; suit-
ableness.
' Of the same birth '
ONG'GER, 'l /v^cr/o.^ 5" n - A large species
-eONG'GER-EEL,j ( kon ^ er )> { of sea-eel.
CON-GE'RI-ES, n. A mass or aggregate of small
bodies or particles.
eON-GEST, v. t. To amass ; to collect into a
heap.
ON-GEST'I-BLE, a. That may be congested.
-eON-GES'TION (kon-jSst'yun), n. Unnatural ac-
cumulation of blood or humours.
ON-GEST'1VE, a. Indicating or attending an ac-
cumulation_of blood in some parts of the body.
ON-GLA'CIATE (gla'shate), v. i. To turn to ice ;
to freeze. [hard substance.
GON-GLO'BATE, a. Formed into a ball or round
ON-GLOB'0-LATE, v. i. To gather into a little
round mass or globule.
-eON-GLGM'ER-ATE, a. Collected into a ball;
closely compacted together; consisting of frag-
ments irregularly compacted, as conglomerate
rocks.
ON-GLOM'ER-ATE, n. In geology, a rock com-
posed of water -worn pebbles bound together by a
cement ; pudding stone.
eON-GLOM'ER-ATE, v. t. To gather into a baU or
round mass.
-GON-GLOM-ER-ATION, n. Gathering into a
round mass ; a collection.
)ON-GLD'TI-NANT, a. Gluing; uniting; n. a
medicine that heals wounds.
ON-GLtT'TI-NATE, v. t. To glue together; to
unite ; to heal by conglutinatiq.i ; v. i. to coa-
lesce ; to unite. [raatter.
ON-GLTJ-TI-NA'TION, n. A joining by tenacious
-eON'GOTJ, n. A species of black tea, superior to
bohea.
NT, a. Rejoicing with.
CON
90
CON
1, 1, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
eON-GRAT'C-LATE (-grat'yu-late), v. t. To wish
joy on some fortunate occurrence. STN. To felic-
itate. We may/elicitate a friend on his marriage,
meaning that we wish him all joy; but to con-
gratulate, means to unite our joy with his. A man
whose mistress has married his rival may felici-
tate, but can hardly congratulate that rival on such
an event.
eON-GRAT-C-LA'TION, n. A wishing of joy j feli-
citation on some happy event.
ON-GRAT'U-LA-TOlt, n. One who offers con-
gratulation.
ON-GRAT'C-LA-TO-RY, a. Expressing congrat-
ulation.
GONG'GRE-GATE (kdng'gre-gate), v. t. To collect
together j to assemble ; v. i. to come together.
SYN. To meet ; assemble ; collect.
ONQ-GRE-GA'TION (kong-gre-ga'shun), n, An
assembly ; the act of assembling ; a collection of
persons, particularly applied to a religious assem-
bly.
eONG-GRE-GA'TION-AL, a. Relating to a congre-
gation or to Congregationalism.
eONG-GRE-GATION-AL-ISM, n. A system of
church government in which all authority is
vested in the assembled brotherhood of each local
church; Independency.
ON<>-GRE-GA'TION-AL-IST, n. One who belongs
to a Congregational church or society.
eONG'GRESS (kong'gress), n. A meeting, as of the
sovereigns or representatives of states ; the legis-
lature of the United States ; a meeting of two or
more individuals ; collision.
ON-GRES'SION-AL (kon-gresh'un-al), a. Per-
taining to congress.
ON-GRESS'iVE, a. Meeting; encountering.
ONG'GRU-ENCE, ) n. Suitableness of one thing
GONG'GRU-EN-CY,) to another; fitness.
ONG'GRU-ENT, a. Agreeing ; correspondent.
ON-GRU'I-TY, n. Suitableness ; fitness ; con-
sistency ; agreement.
ONG'GRU-OUS (kong'gru-us), o. Accordant; fit;
stiitable; meet.
ONG'GRU-OUS-LY (kong'gru-us-ly), ad. Suit-
ably; consistently.
ON'I, ") a. Having the form of, or pertaining
ON'I!-AL, 5 to a cone.
6N'I-AL-LY, ad. In the form of a cone.
GON'I-GS, n. pi. Science of conic sections.
!ON'I!-SE'TIO]Sr, n. A curved line formed by the
intersection of a cone and plane.
O-NIFER-OUS, a. Bearing cones or conical
seed-vessels, as the pine, fir, &c.
0'NI-FORM, a. In the form of a cone.
ON-JE)T'OR-A-BLE, a. That may be conjec-
tured.
ON-JET'UR-AL, a. Depending on conjecture.
ON-JE-6T'OR-AL-LY, ad. By conjecture; with-
out proof.
OW-JET'0RE (kon-jekt'yur), n. An opinion
without proof, or founded on slight probabilities.
STN. Guess; surmise; supposition.
ON-JET'URE, v. t. To guess ; to suppose on
slight evidence ; to form an opinion at random.
ON-JE)T'OR-ER (-jekt'ynr-er), n. One who con-
jectures.
ON-JOIN', v. t. To join together without any
thing intermediate; to connect; to unite; v. i.
to unite ; to join ; to league.
GON-JOINT', a, United; mutual; associate.
ON-JOINT'LY, ad. In union; with united ef-
forts.
ON'JU-GAL, a. Pertaining to marriage ; suitable
to, or becoming the married state.
ON'JU-GAL-LY, ad. Matrimonially ; connubi-
ally.
ON'JU-GATE, v. t. To join ; to inflect verbs.
ON'JU-GATE, a. A conjugate diameter is a right
line bisecting the transverse diameter.
ON-JU-GA'TION, . Act of uniting or conjugat-
ing; assemblage; a systematic statement or
synopsis of the various inflections of a verb.
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
. Joint; united; connected.
CON-JUNCTION, n. A meeting ; union ; league ;
bond ; a connective or connecting word.
!ON-JCN-e'TlVE, a. Serving to unite.
ON-JtTN-e'TiVE-LY, ) ad. Jointly ; in conjunc-
GON-JUN-eT'LY, S tion ; in union.
-GON-JtTNClT'ORE (kon-jtinkt'yur), n. A joining
together ; a tuiipn, as of circumstances, causes,
&c. ; a critical time ; a crisis ; connection.
eON-JU-RA'TION (kun-jur-a'shun), n. The invo-
cation of invisible powers for aid ; an occult art
by which supernatural or extraordinary acts are
sought to be performed; incantation.
-GON'JURE (kun'jur), v. i. To practise conjuration ;
to use magic arts for producing supernatural ef-
fects by aid of invisible powers ; to play tricks ;
v. t. to act upon conjuration ; to raise or produce.
-eON-jORE', v. t. To call on or enjoin solemnly
to adjure ; to call by a sacred name ; to bind by
an oath.
ON-J0RE'MENT, n. A solemn injunction.
-eON'JUR-ER (kun'jur-er), n. One who practises
conjuration ; an enchanter ; a fortune-teller.
CONN, v. t. To direct in steering a ship by signs
to the helmsman.
-eON'NATE, a. Born at the same time.
-eON-NAT'tl-RAL, a. Suitable to nature; of the
same nature.
-GON-NET', v. t. To link together; to unite; to
tie; v. i. to be in connection.
-GON-NE-GT'ED-LY, ad. By connection.
-eON-NE^'TION, n. Act of joining; state of being
joined; a relation by blood or marriage; a re-
ligious community. STN. Union ; coherence ; con-
tinuity ; junction j linking ; intercourse ; depend-
ence.
eON-NE!T / lVE, a. That serves to connect.
-eON-NE-eTl'VE, n. A word that connects sen-
tences ; any thing that connects.
-eON-NEX'ION. See CONNECTION.
ON-NI VANCE, n. Voluntary blindness to an
act ; consent while professing ignorance. See
COLLUSION.
!ON-]SrlVE', v. i. To wink at ; to forbear to see or
blame.
-GON-NIV'ER, n. One who connives.
CON-NOIS-SEUR' (kon-nis-sur'), n. [IV.] A criti-
cal judge of the fine arts ; one thoroughly versed
in any subject.
-eON-NC'BI-AL, a. Pertaining to marriage ; nup-
tial.
CO'NOID, n. In geometry, a solid formed by the re-
volution of a conic section about its axis.
GO-NOID'AL, a. Nearly conical.
ON'QUER (86) (konk'er), v. t. To gain by force;
to overcome, as difficulties ; to surmount, as ob-
stacles. STN. To vanquish; subdue; subjugate.
Conquer is generic ; to vanquish is to conqxier by
fighting, as a foe ; to subdue is to bring completely
under, as one's enemies ; to subjugate is to bring
under the yoke of bondage.
CON'QUER, v. i. To overcome; to gain the vic-
tory.
-ettN'QUER-A-BLE, a. That may be subdued.
-GON'QUER-OR, n. One who subdues or conquers.
-GON'QUEST (66) konk'west), n. The act of con-
qtiering; that which is conquered; reduction to
one's power. STN. Victory; triumph; subjuga-
tion ; subjection.
ON-SAN-GUlISf'E-OUS, a. Related by birth or
blood.
-GON-SAN-GUlNI-TY, n. Relation by blood or
birth.
ON'SCIENCE (kSn'shense), n. The faculty with-
in us which decides on the law! ilness or unlaw-
fulness of our actions; the decisions of con-
science ; scruple ; moral sense.
GON-SCI-EN'TIOUS (kon-she-Sn'shus), a. Scru-
pulous ; governed by a strict regard to the dic-
tates of conscience.
-CON-SCI-EN'TIOUS-LY, ad. With strict integrity ;
according to conscience.
CON
91
CON
DOVK, WOLF, BOQK J B#LE, BLL ; VICIOUS
ON-SCI-EN'TIOUS-NE8S, . Scrupulous regard
to the decisions of conscience.
ON'SCION-A-BLE, a. Reasonable ; just.
6N'SCION-A-BLY, ad. Reasonably ; justly.
eON'SCIOUS (kfin'shus), a. Knowing one's .,,m
mental states and operations ; knowing; knowing
by consciousness; apprised. (Improperly applied
to what is external.)
eON'SCIOUS-LY, ad. With inward persuasion or
knowledge.
ON'SCIOUS-NESS (kon'slras-ness), n. The know-
ledge of what passes in the mind ; internal sense.
ON'SRIPT, a. Written; enrolled; n. an en-
rolled militiaman. The Conscript Fathers were
the senators at Rome.
ON-SRIPTION, n. A registering; a compul-
sory enrolment for military or naval service.
ON'SE-RATE, v. t. To hallow; to dedicate
solemnly ; to devote to sacred uses ; to render
sacred or venerable.
eON'SE-eBATE, a. Sacred ; consecrated.
GN'SE-eRA-TED, a. Dedicated with solemn rites;
made sacred or venerable.
eON-SE-eiU'TION, n. The act, of making sacred,
or devoting to sacred uses ; the ceremony of
solemnly setting apart for a sacred service or
ON'SE-RA-TOR, n. One who consecrates.
OX-SE-TA'NE-OTJS, a. Following of course.
ON-SE'0-T1VE, a. Following in order or a
series; uninterrupted in succession; consequen-
tial.
ON-SE'tT-TlVE-LY, ad. By waj of consequence j
or succession,
CON-SENT 7 , n. A yielding to what is proposed;
agreement of mind. SYN. Accord; acquiescence ;
concurrence; assent; correspondence. See AS-
SENT.
, t). t. Literally, to think with another ;
to yield when one might refuse. SYN. To agree ;
assent ; yield ; allow ; concede. [with.
CON-SEN-TA'NE-OUS, a. Agreeable; consistent
ON-SEN-TA'NE-OUS-LY, ad. With agreement :
consistently.
ON-SEN-TA'NE-OUS-NESS, > n. Agreement; ac-
ON-SEN-TA-NE'I-TY, $ cordance.
ON-SENT'ER, n. One who gives his consent.
ON-SEN'TIENT (kon-sen'shent), a. Agreeing ;
uniting in opinion.
GON'SE-QUENCE, n. Literally, that which fol-
lows. That which springs out of something
which precedes ; a logical inference ; importance ;
destination. SYN. Effect ; result. An effect is the
most immediate, springing directly from some
cause ; a consequence is more remote, not being
strictly caused nor yet a mere sequence, but
flowing out of and following something on which
it truly depends ; & result (lit., bounding back) is
still more remote and variable, like the reboxind
of an elastic body which falls in very different
directions. We may foresee the effects of a mea-
sure, may conjecture its co?isequences, but can
rarely discover its final results.
ON'SE-QUENT, a. Following naturally; n. that
which naturally follows ; effect ; inference. See
ANTECEDENT.
ON-SE-QUEN'TIAL, a. Following as the effect ;
conclusive; important; conceited; pompous.
ON-SE-QUEN'TIAL-LY, ad. By consequence;
with right connection of ideas; with assumed
importance.
ON'SE-QUENT-LY, ad. By consequence or ef-
fect ; in consequence of something preceding.
ON-SER-VA'TION, n. Act of preserving ; preser-
vation from loss or injury.
JON-SERV'A-TI*M, n. The desire of preserv-
ing whatever is established; disinclination to
change.
ON-SERV'A-TlVE (13), n. One who aims to pre-
serve from radical change ; a Tory ; one who
wishes to maintain an institution in its present
state ; a. having power to preserve.
-G as K ; 6- as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
eON-SER-VA'TOR, n. A preserver ; a keeper.
-eON-SERV'A-TO-RY, n. A place for preserving
things ; a large greenhouse for exotic plants ; a,
having the quality or power of preserving.
OON'SERVE, n. A sweetmeat ; preserved fruit ; a
preparation in sugar.
CON-SERVE', v. t. To preserve ; to candy fruit.
-GON-SID'ER, v. t. To think or deliberate on ; to
take into account ; to attend to. SYN. To ponder ;
revolve ; weigh ; study ; examine.
ON-S1D'ER, v. i. To think carefully ; to reflect ;
to deliberate.
'ON-S1D'ER-A-BLE, a. Worthy ol regard; not
trivial ; of some distinction ; important ; deserv-
ing notice ; more than a little.
ON-SID'ER-A-BLY, ad. In a considerable degree.
'OX-SiD'ER-ATE, a. Given to consideration;
thoughtful ; prudent ; moderate.
-eON-SlIKER-ATE-LY, ad. With thought and
prudence ; with due consideration.
eON-SlIXER-ATE-NESS, n. Thoughtfulness; pru-
dence ; calm deliberation.
ON-SID-ER-A'TION, n. The act of considering ;
serious thought ; prudence ; motive ; reason ;
recompense ; some degree of importance or of
respectability ; that which forms the reason or
basis of a contract. [tion.
-eON-SlD'ER-ING, n. Act of deliberating ; hesita-
CON-SlGN' (kon-sme'), v. t. To give or set over;
to deliver formally into the hands of another.
SYN. To commit ; entrust. To commit is generic ;
to entrust is to commit as a trust or deposit ; to
consign (lit., sign away) is to deliver over in a for.
mal manner. A man may commit a lawsuit to his
attorney, may entrust a child with his friend, may
consign goods to an agent, or his soul at death into
the hands of his Redeemer.
CON-SIGN-EE' (kon-se-nee'), n. One to whom a
thing is intrusted.
ON-SIGN'ER (kon-sln'er) , ) n. One who com-
ON-SIGN-GR' (kon-se-nor'),> mits to another in
trust or for management.
ON-SIGN'MENT (-sine'-), n. Act of consigning;
goods consigned.
-GON-SIST', v. i. To stand together ; to subsist ; to
be made up of; to stand or be ; to agree.
ON-S1ST'ENCE, ->n. A standing together; de-
-CON-SlST'EN-CY, ) gree of density ; substance ;
agreement ; congruity.
GON-SIST'ENT, a. Agreeing; conformed to ; con-
gruous ; compatible ; firm ; not fluid.
-GON-SIST'ENT-LY, ad. With agreement or suit-
ableness.
ON-SIS-TO'RI-AL, a. Relating to a consistory.
ON-SlST'0-RY, n. A spiritual or ecclesiastical
court ; an assembly or council,
ON-SG'CIATE, n. An accomplice ; a partner.
ON-SO'CIATE (-so'shate), v. i. To unite in a body
or association; to join; to associate; v. i. to
unite or meet in a body ; to coalesce.
^ON-SO-CI-ATION (-so-she-a'shun), n. Alliance;
fellowship ; union ; meeting of the clergy and
delegates of Congregational churches within a
certain district.
eON-SO-CI-A'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to a con-
sociation.
-eON-SOL'A-BLE, . Capable of being consoled.
<3ON-SO-LA'TION, n. Alleviation of misery ; as-
suagement of grief; refreshment of mind; that
which comforts. See COMFORT.
ON-SOL'A-TO-RY, a. Tending to yield consola-
tion ; assuaging grief.
GON-SOLE', v. t. To cheer under sorrow ; to com-
fort. SYN. To solace; sustain; soothe; encour-
age.
ON'SOLE, n. An ornament on the key of an arch ;
a bracket to support something, as a bust, &c.
ON-SOL'I-DATE, v. t. To make hard or firm ; to
unite into one. STN. To harden; compact;
condense; compress.
ON-SOL'I-DATE, v. i. To become solid ; to grow
firm or hard.
SOL-I-DA'TION, 71. Act of making or becom-
ing hard or firm ; union of things ; the annexing
of one bill to another in legislation.
6N'SOLS, n. pi. Three per cent, annuities granted
at different times, consolidated into one stock or
fund.
CON'SO-NANCE, n. Agreement of one thing with
another. SYN. Accord; consistency; unison.
dON'SO-NANT, a. Agreeable; consistent; con-
gruous ; according.
eON'SO-NANT, n. An articulation; a letter de-
noting the junction of the organs of speech, and
only sounding iciih a vowel.
ON'SO-NANT-LY, ad. Agreeably; consistently.
eON'SO-NOUS, a. Agreeing in sound.
eON'SOET, 7t. A husband or wife ; a companion.
Queen Consort, the wife of a king, is distinguished
from a. Queen Regent, who rules alone, and a Queen
Dowager, the widow of a king.
ON-St>ET', v. i. To associate ; to join ; to marry ;
followed by with ; v. t. to join ; to marry ; to unite
in company.
OX-SP1-G'D-OUS, a. Open to the view; striking
to the eye or mind. SYN. Eminent; illustrious;
prominent; famous; dfstinguis7ied, which see.
ON-SPl-e'0-OUS-LY, ad. In a conspicuous man-
CON 92 CON
I, fi, &c., long A, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TJSRM; MARINE, BIRD; HOVE,
ON-SOLT-DATE, a. Formed into a solid mass. ! ON-STRAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be constrained t
/^xrc^r TT^, _.,._* _.,_ __ liable to constraint.
'ON-STEAINT', n. Compulsion ; force applied
that which prevents free action.
-CON-STEl-eT', v. t. To draw together ; to bind j
to control ; to cause to shrink.
ON-STEI-e'TION, 7i. A drawing together; con
traction ; compression.
-CON-STEllT'OE, n. That which draws together
or contracts.
JON-STRlNGE', v. t. To draw together ; to con-
tract ; to C9mpress.
CON-STRlNG'ENT, o. Binding; contracting ; coin-
-eON-STEO-GT', v. t. To form and put together the
parts of a thing ; to build ; to erect.
-GON-STEO-GT'EE, n,. One who constructs.
-GON-STRtKmON, n. The act or manner of build-
ing, or of forming and putting together the parts
of a thing ; fabrication ; structure ; in grammar t
syntax, or the proper arrangement of words in a
sentence ; interpretion ; meaning.
ON-STRQ1'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to construc-
tion.
ON-STEU'TION-IST, n. One who puts a con-
struction on law or public documents.
-eON-STROCT'iVE, a. Proceeding from construc-
tion; inferred.
ON-STEO;T'iVE-LY, ad. By way of construction ;
by fair inference.
-CON'STEOE , v. t. To translate or interpret ; to ex-
plain.
-CON-SUB-STlN'TIAL (-stan'shal), a. Of the same
substance.
-CON-SUB-STlN'TIATE (-stan'shate), i>. t. To unite
in one common substance or nature.
ON-SUB-STAN-TI-A'TIOST (-stan-she-a'shun), n.
Union of the body of Christ with the sacramental
elements, according to Luther.
-CON'SUE-TUDE (kon'swe-tude), n. Custom.
ON-SUE-TU'DI-NAL, a. Customary ; usual.
G'ON'SUL, 7i. A chief officer in ancient Eome ; an
officer appointed by a government to protect the
interests of its citizens in some foreign country.
ON'SU-LAR, a. Pertaining to a consul.
-eON'SU-L ATE, n. Office or residence of a consul.
ON'SUL-SHIP, n. Office of a consul.
ON-S0LT", v. t. To ask advice of ; to seek infor-
mation from ; to regard ; v. i. to take counsel to-
gether ; to deliberate in common.
eON-SULT-A'TION, n. Act of consulting ; a coun-
cil for deliberation.
ON-SCM'A-BLE, a. That may be consumed.
GON-SUME', v. t. Literally, to take or do away
with ; to destroy or waste utterly ; v. i. to waste
away ; to be exhausted. SYN. To swallow up ;
ingulf ; absorb ; squander ; expend ; dissipate.
<3ON-St)M'ER, 71. One who consumes or destroys.
-eON-SCM'MATE or -eON'SUM-MATE, v. t. To
complete ; to perfect j to finish by completing
what was intended.
-GON-SOM'MATE, a. Complete ; accomplished ;
Serfect.
N-SOM'MATE-LY, ad. Completely ; perfectly.
CON-SUM-MA'TION, n. Completion ; end; termi-
nation or winding up of any work, scheme, or
system.
ON-SOMP'TION (-sum'shtin), n. The act of con-
suming ; waste ; state of wasting or diminution ;
decline ; pulmonary disease ; a wasting or gradual
decay of the body.
'ON-StJMP'TlVE, a. Destructive ; inclined to or
afflicted with consumption ; pertaining to con-
sumption.
'ON-S0MP'TlVE-LY, ad. In a way tending to or
indicating consumption.
ON'TAT, 7i. Touch ; close union ; junction.
-eON-TA'GION" (ta'jun), n. The communication of
disease by contact or near approach j that which
thus communicates disease.
ON-TA'GION-IST, 71. One who believes that cer-
tain diseases are contagious -
ON-SPlE'A-CY, 71. A combination for an evil
purpose. SYN. Plot ; cabal.
ON-SPIE'ANT, a. Plotting; conspiring.
ON-SPI-EATION, n. A plotting ; union for evil.
C'ON-SPlE'A-TOE, n. A plotter of evil ; one en-
gaged in a conspiracy.
ON-SP1EE', v. i. To unite or covenant together
for an evil purpose ; to unite or meet for any pur-
pose ; to concur to an end ; to complot.
eON'STA-BLE (ktln'sta-bl), . An officer of the
peace ; in the middle ages, a high officer of gov-
ernment.
eON'STA-BLEE-Y (kun'sta-bler-ry), n. The body
or jurisdiction of constables.
eON-STAB'tT-LA-EY, a. Pertaining to or consist-
ing of constables.
eON'STAN-CY, 71. Fixedness; firmness of mind.
SYN. Steadiness ; stability ; resolution.
eON'STANT, a. Firm ; fixed ; faithful in affection ;
unchangeable ; continual ; n. that which remains
invariable ; steadfast.
eON'STANT-LY, ad. Invariably ; firmly ; stead-
ily; continually; perseveringly.
eON-STEL-LA'TION, n. A cluster of fixed stars.
ON-STEE-NA'TION, 71. A terror which over-
powers one's faculties. See ALARM.
eON'STI-PATE, v. t. To crowd ; to fill and stop a
passage ; to make costive. [ness.
eON-STI-PA'TION, ?i. Act of stuffing ; costive-
ON-ST1T'0-EN-CY, TI. The body of constituents.
ON-STlT'0-ENT, a. Essential ; elemental; hav-
ing the power of constituting ; composing.
ON-STlT'tT-ENT, n. A person who appoints ; a
term applied to those who elect a person to office
as their representative ; he who or that which
constitutes or composes.
CON'STI-TOTE, v. t. Literally, to put together;
to cause to be ; to set up ; to establish ; to form
or compose. SYN. To make ; appoint ; depute.
CON-STI-TtT'TTON, n. The act of constituting ;
characteristic or fundamental state of body or
mind; a system of fundamental principles and
laws for the government of a state or any organ-
ized body of men ; a particular ordinance.
CON-STI-TtJ TION-AL, a. According to the con-
stitution ; inherent in the constitution.
'ON-STI-TC-TION-AL'I-TY, n. Agreeableness to
the constitution.
eON-STI-TO'TION-AL-LY, ad. In consistency
with the constitution or frame of government.
CON'STI-TC-TIVE, a. That constitutes or estab-
lishes.
eOiJ-STRAlN', v. t. To impel with overpowering
force. SYN. To compel ; force ; drive; urge.
cox
:, w<?u, BQQK ;
93
CON
, BULL ; vi"cious -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; HIS.
ON-TA'GlOUS (-ta'jus), a. Containing or pro-
ducing contagion ; catching. SYN. Infectious.
These words have been used in very diverse
senses ; but, in general, a contagious disease is
one which is caught from another by contact, by
the breath, by bodily effluvia, &c., while an infec-
tious one supposes some entirely different cause
acting by a hidden influence, like the miasma of
prison-ships, of marshes, &c., infecting the system
with disease. See INFECTION.
CON-TAIN', v. t. To hold; to comprise; to re-
strain; to include; to embrace; v. i. to live in
continence.
GON-TAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be contained.
eON-TlMI-NATE, v. t. To defile; to pollute; to
taint ; to corrupt.
GON-TAM'I-NATE, a. Polluted; corrupt; de-
filed.
eON-TAM-I-NiTION. n. Defilement ; pollution.
CON-TEMN' (kon-tgm'), v. t. To regard with con-
tempt. STN. Despise; scorn; disdain. Contemn
is generic ; to despise (lit., to look down upon) is
to regard or treat as mean, unbecoming, or worth-
Isss ; to scorn is stronger, expressing a quick, in-
dignant contempt ; disdain is still stronger, de-
noting either a generous abhorrence of what is
base, or unwarrantable pride and haughtiness.
CON-TEM'NER, n. One who contemns; a de-
CON-TfiM'PER, y. t. To moderate by mixture.
ON-TEM'PER-ATE, v. t. To moderate; to re-
duce by mixture ; to temper.
eON-TEM-PER-ATION, n. The act of moderating
or tempering ; proportionate mixture.
eON-TEM'PLATE or -eON'TEM-PLATE, v. t. or i.
To dwell upon in thought ; to consider in refer-
ence to a futizre act. SYN. To meditate ; intend.
We meditate a design when we are looking out
or waiting for the means of its accomplishment ;
we contemplate it when the means are at hand, and
pur decision is nearly or quite made ; to intend
is stronger ; we have decided to act when an op-
portunity may offer.
eON-TEM-PLA'TION, n. The act of contempla-
ting; attentive thought. SYN. Meditation; study.
CON-TEM'PLA-TIVE, a. Given to contemplation ;
studious : thoughtful.
CON-TEM'PLA-TlVE-LY, ad. Thoughtfully; with
contemplation.
eON-TEM'PLA-TlVE-NESS, n. Disposition to
contemplate.
eON'TEM-PLA-TOR, n. One employed in medi-
tation ; one who contemplates.
CON-TEM'PO-RA-RY, n. One who lives at the
same time with another. (Cotemporary is a bar-
barism.)
eON-TEM'PO-RA-RY, ") a. Living or being
ON-TEM-PO-RA'NE-OUS, $ at the same time.
CON-TEMPT' (-temf), n. Act of despising ; hatred
of what is mean or deemed vile; state of being
despised ; scorn ; disdain ; in law, disobedience of
tiie rules or orders of a court.
ON-TEMPT'1-BLE, a. Deserving contempt.
SYN. Despicable ; pitiful ; paltry. Despicable is
stronger than contemptible, and piti/wlthan paltry.
A man is despicable for what is base or wicked ;
contemptible for what is weak, foolish, &c. A thing
is pitiful when it indicates meanness and timidity,
paltry when low and worthless.
ON-TEMPT'C-OUS (-tempt'yu-us), a. Expressing
contempt ; scornful ; haughty.
eON-TEMPT'0-OUS-LY, ad. In a contemptuous
manner.
-eON-TEND 7 , v. i. To strive; to dispute; to re-
prove sharplv ; to vie with.
ON-TEND'EE, n. One who contends or disputes ;
a champion.
ON-TENT', n. Eest or quietness of mind in one's
present situation ; quietude ; satisfaction ; a.
satisfied ; quiet ; peaceful.
ON-TfiNT', v. t. To satisfy ; to gratify or please ;
to make quiet or easy
!ON-TENT'ED, o. Satisfied ; quiet in mind j
pleased.
-eON-TEN'TION (-t^n'shun), n. A violent struggle.
SYN. Strife ; contest ; quarrel ; controversy ;
feud; variance; dissension.
GON-TEN'TIOUS (-tfin'shus;, a. Disposed to con-
tend ; perverse ; quarrelsome ; relating to or pro-
voking contention.
-CON-TENTIOUS-LY, ad. In a quarrelsome man-
ner ; perversely.
CON-TENT"MENT, n. Satisfaction; acquiescence;
gratification.
CON-TENTS' or CONTENTS, n. pi. That which is
contained within any limits ; heads of what a
book contains ; index. [bounds.
-eON-TERM'IN-A-BLE, a. Capable of the same
ON-TERM'IN-ATE, a. Having the same bounds.
ON-TERM'IN-OUS (13), a. Bordering; touch-
ing ; having the same limit.
-eON'TEST, 7i. A struggle for victory; strife in
argument ; controversy. SYN. Strife ; conflict ;
encounter ; combat. Strife is generic ; an encoun-
ter is a sudden and hostile meeting; a conflict is a
violent meeting of the parties ; a combat is a
deadly conflict of two or more.
-CON-TEST', v. t. To strive earnestly in respect to.
STN. Controvert; debate.
GON-TEST', v. i. To strive ; to vie with ; to dis-
!ON-TEST'A-BLE, a. That may be disputed.
ON-TEST'ANT, n. One who contests the right oi
another.
ON-TEST-A'TION, n. Act of contesting; dis-
pute.
CON'TEXT, n. Series or order of discourse ; the
parts of a discourse which precede or follow &
passage specified.
ON-TEXT'UR-AL, a. Pertaining to contexture oi
to the human frame.
CON-TEXTORE (kon-t&rt/ynr), n. An interweav-
ing; texture; system.
ON-TI-GU'I-TY, n. Close position ; contact.
-eON-TlG'CT-OUe, a. Joining at the surface or
border. SYN. Adjoining; adjacent. Things aro
adjacent when they lie near to each other without
touching, as adjacent fields ; adjoining when they
meet or join at some point, as adjoining farms ;
contiguous when they are brought more continu-
ously in contact, as contiguous buildings.
CON-TlG'tf-OUS-LY, ad. In close junction ; in a
manner to touch.
-eON'TI-NENCE, ) n. Forbearance of sensual in-
-eON'TI-NEN-CY.J dulgence; self-command; chas-
tity.
-eON'TI-NENT, a. Refraining from sensual indul-
gence. SYN. Temperate; chaste; moderate.
-eON'TI-NEN T, n. A great extent of land nowhere
entirely separated by water j one of the great di-
visions of the earth.
ON-TI-NENT'AL, a. Pertaining to a continent.
ON'TI-NENT-LY, ad. Chastely ; temperately.
-eON-TIN'GEN-CY, n. Accident; casual event;
unforeseen occurrence ; that which happens iu
connection with something else ; uncertainty.
CON-TlN'&ENT, a. Happening by chance; acci-
dental ; casual ; uncertain ; depending on some-
thing uncertain, or that can not be foreseen.
-GON-fiN'GENT, n. Chance; that which falls to
one's lot ; proportion to be furnished, as of troops,
&c.
-eON-TlN'GENT-LY, ad. By chance ; accidentally.
ON-T1N'0-AL (-tm'yu-al), a. Very frequent ; oc-
curring in a succession almost or quite unbroken.
SYN. Continuous; perpetual. A thing is r
pus which flows on without interruption through
its whole course, as a continuous discourse or
train of thought ; it is continual when, with per-
haps brief interruptions, it steadily recurs again,
as continual showers. Perpetual is sometimes used
for continual in a stronger sense, as perpetual ap-
plications ; sometimes for continuous and lasting,
us perpetual motion.
CON <
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
CON-TIN'0-ANCE, n. Remaining in a particular
state or coiirse ; uninterrupted succession ; dura-
tion ; abode.
CON-TIN-tJ-A'TION, n. Constant succession; ex-
tension in the same line or series.
CON-TIN'QE (kon-tm'yu), v. i. To remain; to
stay ; to persevere ; to endure : v. t. to protract ;
to extend ; to persevere in.
CON-TI-NtJ'I-TY, n. Uninterrupted connection.
CON-TlN'p-OUS, a. Closely united; without in-
terruption.
CON-TlN'0-OUS-LY, ad. In continuation; unin-
terruptedly.
CON-TORT', v. t. To twist ; to writhe ; to turn.
GON-TOR'TION, n. A twisting; a writhing.
CON-TOUR' (-toor'), n. [JFV.] The outline of a
figure.
'ON'TRA,
CON'TRA, & Latin preposition signifying against,
used as a prefix in compound words.
ON'TRA-BAND, a. Contrary to proclamation;
unlawful ; forbidden.
! ON'TRA- BAND, n. Prohibition of trading in goods
contrary to the laws of a state ; the act of trading
in contraband goods ; prohibited goods.
ON'TRAT > n. An agreement ; a writing con-
taining the terms of an agreement or covenant.
SYN. Covenant; stipulation; compact. A cov-
enant is a mutual agreement ; a contract is such
an agreement reduced to writing ; a stipulation is
one of the articles or parts of a contract ; a com-
pact is a more solemn and binding contract.
6 JN-TRACT, v. t. To draw together or nearer ; to
draw the parts together ; to betroth ; to incur, as
to contract a debt ; to shorten by omission of a
letter or syllable ; to acquire or get, as a disease.
SYN. To abbreviate ; shorten ; condense ; v. i.
to shrink ; to diminish ; to bargain.
ON-TRAT-I-B1L'I-TY, ") n. Possibility of
eON-TRAT'I-BLE-NESS, j being contracted;
quality of suffering contraction.
ON-TRA-6T'I-BLE, a. Capable of contraction.
ON-TRA-6T'lLE (-trakt'il), a. Tending to con-
tract.
OON-TRA-G'TION, n. The act of shortening or
contracting; the state of being contracted; a
shrinking; abbreviation.
CON-TRACT'OR, n. One who contracts ; one who
covenants to perform any service at a certain price.
CON'TRA-DANCE, n. A dance with partners op-
posite.
ON-TRA Dl!T', v, t. To oppose by words ; to be
directly contrary to. SYN. To deny; gainsay;
resist ; impugn.
ON-TRA-Di'TION, n. A denying; denial or
gainsaying ; inconsistency with itself.
ON-TRA-Dl'TIOUS, a. Inclined to contradict ;
inconsistent.
ON-TRA-Dl!T / iVE, a. That contradicts.
)ON-TRA-DIGT'p-RY, a. Contrary; inconsistent.
GON-TRA-DIS-TINGT', a. Distinguished by op-
posite qualities.
ON-TRA-DIS-TlN'TION, n. Distinction by op-
posites.
CO-N-TRA-DIS-TlNG'GUISH, (-dis-tmg'guish), v. t.
To distinguish by opposite qualities.
JN-TRAL'TO, n. The counter-tenor; the part
next below the tenor.
OON-TRA-MAND', See COUNTERMAND.
ON'TRA-RIE$ (-riz), n. pi. In logic, propositions
which destroy each other.
ON-TRA-RI'E-TY, n. Opposition ; inconsistency.
ON'TRA-RI-LY, ad. In an opposite manner.
ON-TRA'RI-OUS, a. Contrary; repugnant.
ON'TRA-RI-Wl$E, ad. On the contrary.
6N'TRA-RY, n. A thing that is contrary, or of
opposite qualities. On the contrary, on the other
side.
GON'TRA-RY, a. In direct opposition. SYN. Ad-
verse ; repugnant ; hostile ; opposite ; discordant;
inimical ; inconsistent.
eON'TRAST, . Opposition in things of a like
kind ; exhibition of differences.
14 CON
PALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RI> ; MOVE,
!ON-TRAST', v. t. To set in opposition with, a
view to show the superiority of one thing over
another, or to make the one set off the other.
CON-TRAST', v. i. To stand in contrast or oppo-
sition.
-CON'TRATE-WHEEL, n, A crown-wheel.
-CON-TRA-VAL-LA'TION, n. In fortification, a
parapet raised by besiegers against sallies.
-GON-TRA-VENE', v. t. To oppose ; to obstruct.
ON-TRA-VEN'TION, n. Opposition ; violation.
!ON-TRA-yER'SION (-ver'shun), n. A turning to
the opposite side.
-eON-TRlB'O-TA-BLE, a. That can be contributed.
CON-TRIB'0-TA-RY, a. Contributing aid to the
same chief or principal.
-CON-TRiB'OTE, v. t. To give for a common pur-
pose ; to pay a share ; v. i. to give a part ; to
have a share in any act or effect. SYN. To con-
duce ; minister.
-CON-TRI-BO'TION, n. Act of contributing ; sum
given ; a collection ; a levy.
-eON-TRlB'C-TIVE, a. Tending to promote or
contribute to.
-CON-TRiB'C-TOR, n. One who contributes.
-eON-TRlB'CT-TO-RY, a. Contributing to; advanc-
ing ; promoting.
-CON'TRITE 9r -TRITE', a. Broken-hearted for sin-
SYN. Penitent ; sorrowful ; repentant.
)CN'TRlTE-LY, ad. In a penitent or contrite
manner.
-CON-TRFTION (-trish'un), n. Deep sorrow for
sin. SYN. Repentance. Contrition (lit., bruising)
is a continuous state of grief and self-condemna-
tion ; repentance is an act in which, with sorrow
for our sins, we renounce them. Contrition has
all the pain of repentance, without the relief it
affords.
-GON-TRIV'A-BLE, a. That may be contrived.
)ON-TR1V'ANCE, n. The act of contriving ; the
thing contrived. SYN. Device; invention; plan;
scheme ; project.
3ON-TR1VE', v. t. To invent; to project; to de-
vise; to plan out; v. i. to form or devise; to
Slot.
N-TRIVER, n. An inventor ; a schemer.
-CON-TROL', n. Governing power; authority;
check ; that which restrains ; primarily, a coun-
ter-roll, or an account or register kept as a check
upon another.
-GON-TROL', v. t. To keep under check by a coun-
ter-reckoning; to restrain ; to govern; to check.
GON-TROL'LA-BLE, a. Capable of being con-
trolled or governed ; subject to restraint or com-
mand.
CON-TROL'LER, n. One who controls or has au-
thority to restrain ; an officer who checks other
officers by a counter-register of accounts.
eON-TRQL'LER-SHIP, n. Office of controller.
ION-TROL'MENT, n. The power or act of con-
trolling ; control ; restraint ; opposition ; resist-
ance.
-CON-TRO-VER'SIAL (-ver'shal),. a. Relating to
disputes.
ON-TRO-VER'SIAL-IST, n. One who carries on
a controversy ; a disputant.
!ON'TRO-VER-SY (13), n. A protracted contest or
debate. SYN. Dispute; strife ; wrangle ; quarrel ;
contention.
-eON'TRO-VERT, v. t. To argue against ; to at-
tempt to disprove. SYN. To dispute; oppose;
oppugn ; contest.
)N-T "
CON-TRO-VERTI-BLE, a. That may be disputed.
-e6N'TRO-VERT-IST, ") n. One who controverts ; a
CON'TRO-VERT-ER, $ disputant ; an opposer.
CON-TU-MA'CIOUS (-ma'shus), a. Opposing right-
ful authority with pride and stubbornness. SYN.
Obstinate; stubborn; headstrong.
ON-TU-MA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With obstinacy; in
stubborn disobedience.
-CON'TU-MA-CY, n. Unyielding resistance to right-
ful authority. SYN. Stubbornness ; obstinacy :
perverseness.
CON
95
COO
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK; RULE, BTJLL ; VICIOUS.
eON-TU-M'LI-OUS, a. Haughtily reproachful ;
showing great contempt. SYX. Abusive; insult-
ing ; contemptvious ; haughty.
ON-TU-M'LI-OUS-LY, ad. Reproachfully ; abxi-
sively ; with pride and contempt.
6N'TIJ-ME-LY, n. Contemptuous language; in-
solence ; haughty rudeness.
ON-TO'$ION (-tu'zhun), n. A bruising; a bruise
in the flesh without breaking the skin ; a reducing
to powder by beating.
eO-NCN'DRUM, a. A sort of riddle, proposing for
discovery some point of resemblance between
things apparently unlike.
eON'0-SANCE, n. Cognizance ; knowledge.
CON-VA-LESCE' (-less'), v. i. To recover health.
ON-VA-LES'CENCE, n. Eeturn to health; res-
toration from disease.
ON-VA-LES'CENT, a. Recovering health.
ON-VEN'A-BLE, a. That may be convened.
GON-VENE', -v. t. To call together ; to cause to
meet or assemble; v. i. to come together; to as-
semble.
eON-VENIENCE (kon-ven'yence), n. Fitness ;
accommodation ; that which gives ease ; suita-
bleness ; propriety; freedom from difficulty; ease.
ON-VEN'IENT (-ven'yent), a. Fit; suitable;
adapted to use or to wants ; proper ; handy.
CON-VEN'IENT-LY, ad, Suitably; fitly; without
trouble ; cornmodiously.
CON'VENT, 7i. A community of persons devoted to
religious seclusion. See CLOISTEK.
ON-VENT'I--CLE (koii-vent'e-kl), n. A meeting ;
an assembly ; usuaUy applied to a meeting of dis-
senters from the Established Church.
ON-VEN'TIOX, n. The act of coming together ;
an assembly; a formal meeting or gathering of
persons for some deliberative purpose : temporary
treaty ; agreement between parties.
ON-VEN'TION-AL, a. Agreed on by contract;
arising out of custom or tacit agreement.
ON-VEN'TION-AL-I$M, n. That which is re-
ceived by tacit agreement, as a custom, &c.
CON-VENTION-A-RY, a. Agreed on by contract ;
acting under agreement.
ON-VENT'0-AL, a. Belonging to a convent ; n.
a monk; a nun.
ON-VERfiE' (13), v. t. To incline toward one
point.
ON-VR6'E]S T CE, n. A tending to one point.
ON-VER(>'ENT,) a. Tending to one point ; gra-
ON-VERG'ING, J dually approaching each other.
ON-VERS'A-BLE, a. Free to converse; soci-
able.
^ON'VER-SANT, a. Familiar with.
CON-VER-SA'TION, n. Intercourse with others ;
oral interchange of thought by language ; mode
of life. SYX. Talk; chat; conference. Talk is
broken, familiar, and versatile ; cliat is still more
so ; conversation is more continuous and sustained;
a conference is held for the discussion of some im-
portant topic.
ON : VER-SA'TIOX-AL, a. Pertaining to conver-
sation ; done in mutual discourse.
CON-VER-SA-ZI-WNE (kon-ver-sat-ze-6'na), n. [It.]
A meeting for conversation.
CON- VERSE' (13), v. i. To discourse; to inter-
change thoughts orally.
CON'VERSE, n. Conversation ; familiar discourse ;
familiar intercourse ; an inverted or reciprocal
proposition.
CON'VERSE, a. Reciprocal or opposite.
CC-N'VERSE-LY, ad. By change of order.
ON-VER'SION (-ver'shun), n. A turning or
change from one state to another ; a change of
heart and conduct.
CON'VfiRT, n. One who has changed his opinions
or religion ; one who is converted. SYN. Prose-
lyte ; pervert. Convert is generic, and refers to a
change of mind or feelings ; a proselyte is one who,
leaving his former sect or system, becomes the
adherent of another ; a pervert is one who is drawn
off or perverted from the true faith.
e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
CON-VERT', v. i. To change from one thing, cha-
racter, state, religion, party, or sect, to another.
ON-VERT-I-BiL'i-TY, | n. The being con-
ON-VfiRT'I-BLE-NESS, j yertible.
CON-VERT'I-BLE, a. That may be changed one
for the other ; transmutable ; transformable.
-CON-VERT'I-BLY, ad. In a changed form; in
turn ; by interchange.
eGN'VEX, a. Rising to a roundish form on the
outside ; spherical ; opposed to concave.
!ON-VEX'I-TY, ) n. Spherical or globular form
CON'VEX-NESS, f on the outside ; surface of a
convex body.
-CCNTEX-LY, ad. In a convex form.
eON-VEX'O-dON'-eAVE, a. Convex on one side
and concave on the other.
ON-VBX'O-6N'VEX, a. Convex on both sides.
ON-VEY' (kon-va/), v. t. To carry; to bear; to
transfer ; to transmit ; to pass or cause to pass.
CON-VEY'A-BLE (-va'a-bl), a. That may be con-
veyed.
ON-VEY'ANCE (-va'ance), n. Act or means of
conveying ; transmission ; assignment ; the pass-
ing of property, titles, &c., from one to another ;
the writing by which property, &c., is tranferred.
-CON-VEY'AN-CER (-va'an-ser) , n. One who draws
deeds, conveyances of property, &c.
CON-VEY'AN-CING (-va'an-sing), n. The act or
business of drawing deeds or other writings for
transferring property.
-CON-VEY'ER- (-va'er), n. One who conveys or
carries.
CON'VICT, n. A person found guilty of a crime.
-CON-VICT', v. t. To prove to be guilty ; to con-
vince of sin.
ON-Vl'TION, n. A proving guilty ; a convinc-
ing of sin by conscience ; sense of guilt ; satisfac-
tion of the reason ; strong belief.
'ON-VICT'IVE, a. Adapted to convict.
-CON-VlNCE', v. t. To satisfy as to the truth or
fact ; to subdue by evidence. SYN. To persuade.
To convince is an act of the understanding; to
persuade, of the will or feelings. The one is ef-
fected by argument, the other by motives. When
we say, "I am persuaded it is so," "I can not
persuade myself of the fact," there is a degree of
feeling mingled with the conviction which gives
rise to the expression.
-GON-VINCE'MENT, n. Satisfaction by proof.
ON-VlN'CI-BLE, a. That may be convinced.
ON-VlN'CING-LY, ad. In a manner to persuade.
!ON-V1V'I-AL, a. Relating to a feast or enter-
tainment ; festive ; social ; jovial ; gay.
CON-VIV-I-AL'I-TY, n. Festive mirth; convivial
disposition.
ON'VO-ATE, v. t. To call together; to summon;
to assemble by summons.
-CON-VO-CA'TION, n. The act of calling. together;
an assembly, especially of clergymen. SYN. Meet-
ing ; convention ; council ; diet.
-CON-VOKE', v. t. To call together ; to summon.
-CON'VO-LtJTE, ) a. Rolled together, or one
-CON'-VO-LUT-ED, ) part on another.
-eON-VO-LU'TION, n. A rolling together a wind-
ing or twisting.
'ON-VOLVE', v. t. To roll or wind together, or
one part on another.
ON-VOL'VU-LUS, n. Bindweed, a genus of
plants.
-CON-VOY', v. t. To accompany for protection.
-CON'VOY, n. Attendance of force for protection.
CON-VtTLSE', v. t. To draw or contract with
shaking ; to affect by violent action.
ON-VOL'SION, n. Violent spasm ; any irregular
and violent motion ; commotion.
ON-VtIL'SlVE, a. Producing spasms ; spasmodic;
attended with convulsions.
0'NY (ko'ny, or familiarly kun'ny), n. A rabbit ; a
small quadruped.
-COO, v. t. To make a noise as a dove.
GOO'ING, n. Note of affection or invitation, as of
a dove.
coo
96
COK
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
CQQK, n. One who dresses victuals for the table.
QQK, v. t. To dress victuals for the table ; to pre-
pare for any purpose.
OQK'ER-Y, 7i. The act or art of dressing victuals.
COOKT, n. A small cake moderately sweet.
COOL, n. A moderate state of cold.
OOL, a. Moderately cold; of little affection or
zeal. SYN. Deliberate; impudent; indifferent.
COOL, v. t. To make moderately cold ; to reduce
temperature; to allay or moderate, as excite-
ment, passion, &c. ; v. i. to lose heat ; to grow
moderately cold ; to grow moderate as to temper,
affection, &c.
OOL'ER, 7i. That which cools ; any subi iance
that abates heat ; a vessel for cooling.
OOL'-HEAD-ED (-hSd-ed), o. Free from pa,<asion ;
not easily heated.
COOL'ISH, a. Somewhat cool.
eOOL'LY, ad. Without heat or passion; with
coolness ; calmly ; indifferently.
OOL'NESS, n. Moderate cold ; indifference ; want
of affection ; want of passion or ardour.
GOOL'Y, n. An East India carrier or porter.
OOM, 7i. The black substance that works out of
carriage wheels ; soot in an oven.
COOMB (koom), n. A corn-measure of four bushels.
OOP, n. A grated bos or cage for fowls or small
animals ; a barrel.
OOP, v. t. To put in a coop ; to shut up ; to con-
fine.
QOPER, n. A maker of barrels an 3 other casks.
!00PER-AGE, n. Price for coopers' work ; the
business of a cooper,
CO-OPER-ATE, v. i. To work or operate with
others ; to_ act together.
O-OP-ER-A'TION, n. Joint labour or operation ;
concTirrent effort.
CO-OPER-A-TiVE, a. Promotive cf the same end.
O-OPER-A-TOR, n. One who jointly labours with
another for the same end.
O-OR'DI-NATE, a. Holding the same rank.
eO-OR'DI-NATE-LY, ad. With equal rank.
0-OR'DI-NATES, n. pi. The lines in geometry by
which the position of any point is referred to cer-
tain other lines or axes.
0-OR-DI-NA'TION, n. The state of holding the
same or equal rank.
COOT, . A water-fowl noted for stupidity; a
foolish feUow.
CO-PAl'BA, ") n. A liquid resinous juice obtained
CO-PAI'VA, 5 from a tree in South America.
COTAL, 7i. The concrete juice of a tree growing
in Mexico, not strictly a gum or a resin, used in
varnishing.
O-PAR'CE-NA-RY,) n. Partnership in inherit-
eO-PAR'CE-NY, f ance ; joint right of suc-
cession ; joint heirship.
CO-PARTNER, n. A joint partner in business ; a
sharer.
O-PART'NER-SHIP, n. Joint concern in business.
COPE, n. A priest's cloak ; a hood ; a cover ; arch-
work.
COPE, v. t. To cover, as with a cope.
COPE, v. i. To equal in combat or a trial of any
kind; to oppose with success; followed by with.
SYN. To contend ; strive ; encounter ; match.
CO-PECK', n. A Russian copper coin, equal to a
farthing.
COPING, n. The upper part or sloping cover of
a wall.
COTI-OUS, a. In great quantities; rich in sup-
. Ample; abundant; plentiful; exu-
plies. SYN
berant.
0'PI-OUS-LY, ad.
ply ; fully.
PPED (k6pt), a.
Plentifully ; abundantly ; am-
OPPED (k6pt), a. Rising to a top or head.
COPTER, n. A metal of a reddish colour ; a large
copper boiler; a copper coin.
COPTER, v. i. To cover with sheets of copper.
COPPER-AS, 7i. Sulphate of iron; green vitriol.
COPTER-PLATE, n. A plate of copper engraved,
or an impression from it.
FALL, WH^T ; THfiRE, TiRM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVB,
OPPER-SMtTH, n. One who works in copper.
-COPTER-Y, a. Tasting of or like copper.
COPSE f n ' ^ wo ^ f sm aU growth.
COPTLED (kop-pld), a. Rising to a poinl
COFRO-LITE, n. Dung-stone ; the petflffed ex-
crements of saurians and sauroid fishes.
OPT'I-e, n. The language of the Copts.
COP'O-LA, a. In logic, the word which unites tha
subject and the predicate.
COP0-LATE, v. t. To unite ; to join in pairs ; v. t.
to unite sexually.
COP-U-LA'TION, n. Act of embracing in pairs ; a
coupling.
COPO-LA-TlVE, a. That unites or couples ; n. a
copulative conjunction.
GOP'Y, n. A transcript or imitation of an original ;
a single book, as a copy of Shakspeare ; manu-
script for printing ; writing to be imitated ; the
autograph.
0?% v. t. To transcribe ; to imitate ; to paint
or draw according to an original ; to attempt to
resemble ; v. i. to imitate ; to act or do in imita-
tion of ; followed by from or after.
;OPY-BQ9K, 7i. A book of copies for learners to
imitate.
COPY-ER, n. One who copies or transcribes.
Copier is a less regular form.
COP'Y-HOLD, n. A tenure by copy of record.
COP'Y-IST, n. One who transcribes or copies.
COP'Y-RIGHT (-rite), n. The sole right of an au-
thor or his assignee to print and publish a book.
-COPY-RlGHT-ED, (-ri-ted), a. Secured by copy-
right or law.
O-QUET' (ko-kgf), v. t. To encourage a lover and
then reject him ; to excite admiration or love from
vanity, or to deceive ; v. i. to trifle in love ; to
treat with insincere marks of affection.
CO-QUET'RY^ (ko-kCt'ry), n. Attempt to attract
admiration from vanity; a trifling in love.
OQ-UETTE' (ko-kef), n. A jilting girl ; a vain,
deceitful, and trifling woman.
0-QUETTISH (ko-kgt'ish), o. Practising co-
quetry.
COR'A-CLE, n. A boat formed of leather stretched
on wicker work.
COR'AL, n. A calcareous marine production, vari-
ous in form, secreted by polyps ; a child's orna-
ment made of it.
COR'AL-LINE, a. Consisting of coral ; like coral ;
n. a genus of plant-like animals (zoophytes) hav-
ing a corneous axis, and a calcareous crust.
COR'AL-LOID, ) a. Having the form of, or
COR-AL-LOID'AL, J branching like coral.
-CORE, n. A basket used in collieries ; an orna-
ment in a building.
-CORE' AN, n. A gift ; an alms-basket ; an alms.
COR'BEIL (korTael), n. In fortification, a little
basket of earth to protect from the fire of an
enemy.
COR'BEL, 7i. In architecture, the representation of
a basket ; the vase of a Corinthian column ; a
niche in a wall.
CORD, 7i. A line or small rope ; a measure of wood
containing 128 cubic feet.
)ORD, v. t. To tie or bind with a cord; to pile
wood for measure.
<30RD'A6E, 7i. The ropes of a ship in general ; a
quantity of cords or ropes.
CORD' ATE, a. Having the form of a heart.
COR-DE-LIER' (-leer'), n. A Franciscan friar, sc
named from the knotted cord worn by him as a
cincture.
-COR'DI-AL, n. An exhilarating or strengthening
liquor; aromatized and sweetened spirits; any
thing that cheers or comforts.
OR'DI-AL, a. With warm.th of heart ; reviving
the spirits. STN. Hearty ; sincere ; affectionate.
-COR-DI-AL'I-TY, n. Sincerity ; warm affection.
COR'DON, n. A row of stones in a fortification; a
line of military posts or troops.
OR-DU-ROY', n. Thick cotton stuff ribbed.
COR
97
COR
, WOLF, BQ9K ; EVLE, BrLL ; VfCIOTJS.
ISIS win*!' } A kind of Spanisl1 leather -
CORL^WAIN-ER, TI. A shoemaker.
CORE, TI. The heart or inner part.
O-RE'GENT, TI. A joint regent or ruler.
GO-RE-LATION, n. Corresponding relation.
CO-RI-A'CEOUS (-a'shus), a. Consisting of or like
leather.
0-RI-AN'DER, n. A plant and its aromatic
seed.
CORK, n. A tree, or its bark ; a stopper of cork.
CORK, v. t. To stop with a cork.
CORK'ING-PIN, 71. A pin of a large size.
CORK'-SGREW (-skru), n. A screw to draw corks.
COR'MO-RANT, n. A genus of sea-birds of the
pelican kb.d ; the water raven ; a glutton.
CORN, TI. The edible grains in general; a single
seed of grain ; maize ; the plant which produces
maize or other corn ; a hard excrescence on the
feet.
CORN, v. t. To sprinkle or preserve with salt ; to
granulate.
CORN'-CHAND-LER, TI. A dealer in corn.
CORN'^GRAKE, TI. The land-rail ; a bird with a
grating cry that frequents corn-fields.
GOR'NE-A, n. The horny, transparent membrane
of the forepart of the eye.
CORN.ED (kurnd), a. Sprinkled with salt; cured
by salt ; drunk. [Low.]
COR'NEL, n. A tree ; the cornelian cherry.
(>R'NE-OUS, a. Horny ; like horn ; hard.
COR'NER, n. An angle ; a secret place.
COR'NER-STONE, TI. The stone which unites the
two walls at the corner.
COR'NER-WISE, ad. Diagonally ; with corner in
front.
COR'NET, TI. A musical wind-instrument ; an offi-
cer of cavalry who bears the ensign of a troop ; a
fleam.
C()R'NET-CY, n. The office or rank of a cornet.
COR'NlCE (kor'nis), n. The upper member of the
entablature of a column ; a little projection in
joinery or masonry.
CORN'-STALK (-stauk), TI. A stalk or stem of
corn.
COR-NU-CO'PI-A, TI. The horn of plenty.
CORNY, a. Strong; stiif; hard; like horn; pro-
ducing or containing corn.
COR'OL, ") 71. The inner covering of a flower,
CO-ROI/LA, $ consisting of petals.
COR-OL-LA'CEOUS (-la'shus), a. Consisting of or
relating to a corolla.
COR'OL-LA-RY, TI. An inference from a preced-
ing proposition ; a surplus.
CO-RO'NA, TI. [L. a croic?i.] In arc7ufectttre, a flat
member of the cornice crowning the entablature ;
in tota>iy, the margin of a radiated compound
flower ; in optics, a halo around the sun or moon ;
an apparent radiation of auroral light from that
part of the heavens to which the dipping-needle
points.
COR'O-NAL, n. A crown; chaplet; garland; a.
pertaining to the top of the head, or to a corona.
COlt'O-NA-RY , n . Of or placed as a crown.
COIl-O-NA'TION, TI. Act or ceremony of crowning,
as a king.
COR'O-NER, n. An officer who inquires into the
cause of an untimely death.
COR'O-NET, n. An inferior crown worn by a noble-
man.
COR'PO-RAL, n. An inferior military officer next
below a sergeant.
COR'PO-RAL, a. Pertaining to the body. SYN.
Corporeal, which see.
COR'PO-RAL-LY, ad. Bodily ; in a body.
COR'PO-RATE, a. United in a community or
body ; collectively one.
COR-PO-RA'TION, n. A body corporate or politic,
constituted by law, and authorized to act as a
single person.
COR'PO-RA-TOR, n. The member of a corpora-
tion. 7
. -e as K ; as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
OR-PO'RE-AL, a. Having a body ; consisting of
a material body; not spiritual. SYN. Bodily;
corporal. Bodily is opposed to Tnental ; corporeal
refers to the interior animal structure, as corporeal
substance or frame ; cor]ioral refers more to the
exterior, as coi-poral punishment.
-eOR-PO-RE'I-TY, TI. Bodily substance; materi-
ality ; the state of having a body.
CORPS fkore), n. [Fr.] A body of troops.
CORPSE. TI. The dead body of a human being.
^O^'PU-LENCE, ) n. Fleshiness ; excessive fat-
ORTU-LEN-CY, j ness ; grossness.
-eOR'PU-LENT, a. Very fleshy ; gross ; fat.
-COR'PUS-CLE (kor'pus-sl), n. An atom; a fine
particle.
COR-PCS'-eU-LAR, a. Pertaining to corpuscles.
-COR-RET', v. t. To make right; to free from
faults or crimes. SYN. To amend ; to punish ; to
chastise ; to counteract.
OK-RE!T', o. Exact; accurate; right; free
from faults; conformable to a proper rule or
standard. See ACCURATE.
OR-RETIO]Sr, n. The act of correcting; re*
trenchment of faults ; that which is substituted
in the place of what is erroneous ; that which i3
intended to rectify or to cure faults ; that which
corrects ; discipline ; punishment.
-eOR-R'TION-AL, a. Intended for correction ;
tending to correct.
OR-RET'1VE, a. Tending or having power to
correct or amend; n. that which corrects or
which has the quality of obviating what is
wrong.
OR-RT'LY, ad. In a correct manner ; exactly ;
accurately ; justly.
-GOR-RT'NESS, n. Conformity to truth, or to
a just rule or standard. SYN. Accuracy ; exact-
ness ; precision.
OR-RET'OR, n. He who, or that which corrects.
OR'RE-LATE, n. A correlative.
OR-RE-LA'TIO?Sr, n. Reciprocal relation.
OR-RKL'A-T1VE, a. Having a reciprocal rela-
tion, as the terms father and son; n. that which
is opposed in a reciprocal relation.
eOR-RE-SPOND', v. i. To suit; to agree; to be
congruous ; to be adequate or proportioned ; to
write to ; to keep up intercourse with by letters.
SYN. Correspond with; correspond to. We cor-
respond with a friend by letters ; one thing cor-
rexponds to another, i.e., answers to it.
-COR-RE-SPOND'ENCE, TI. Relation; mutual adap-
tation ; agreement ; interchange of epistles ; the
letters interchanged ; intercourse.
OR-RE-SPOND'ENT, a. Suited; answerable j
agreeable; congruous.
OR-RE-SPOND'ENT, n. One who corresponds or
who has intercourse by letters.
GOR'RI-DOR, TV. A gallery round a house.
COR-EI-GEN'DA, n. [L.] Corrections to be made.
OR'RI-GI-BLE, a. That may be amended.
OR-ROB'O-RANT, a. Strengthening ; confirming.
OR-ROB'0-RATE, v. t. To strengthen; to con-
firm or give additional strength to.
COR-ROB-O-RA'TION, TI. Act of confirming.
1 OR-RUB'O-RA-TiVE, a. Tending to strengthen
or confirm.
OR-RODE', v. t. To eat away or consume by de-
grees.
OIt-RO'DENT, a. Having the power of corroding ;
TI. any substance that corrodes.
'OR-RO'DI-BLE, a. That may be corroded.
OR-H()'SION (-ro'zhun), n. Act of eating away.
OR-RO'SlVE, a. Eating gradually; consuming;
impairinsr.
-eOR-RO'SlVE-LY, ad. By corrosion; like a cor-
rosive.
eOR'RU-GATE, v. t. To wrinkle; to contract.
eOR-RU-GATION, n. Contraction into wrinkles.
-eOR-KUPT, v. t. To make putrid or putrescent;
to spoil ; to deprave ; to vitiate ; to destroy in-
tc r -rrity ; to debase ; to bribe ; to falsify ; v. t. to
become putrid ; to putrefy ; to lose purity.
COR 9
1, fi, &c., Zcmg. A, E, &a, snort. CARE* FAR, LAST,
eOR-RUPT', a. Changed from a sound to a putrid
or debased state ; greatly debauched ; full of er-
rors or mistakes. STN. Putrid; tainted; viti-
ated ; wicked ; spoiled.
COR-RUPT'ER, n. One who corrupts; one who
bribes ; that which depraves or destroys integ
rity.
COR-RUPT-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being cor-
rupted ; susceptibility of corruption.
COR-RUPT'I-BLE, a. Capable of being corrupted.
COR-R0PTION, (-rup'shun), n. The act of cor-
rupting or state of being corrupt ; putrefaction ;
putrid matter ; decay ; depravity of morals ; per-
version of principles ; loss of integrity ; debase-
ment : taint.
eOR-RUPT'IVE, a. Tending to corrupt or taint.
COR-RUPT'LY, ad. In a corrupt manner; with
depravity; wickedly.
COR-RtrPT'NESS, n. State of being corrupt ; de-
pravity of principles.
COR-SAGE' (kor-sazh'), n. [Fr.] The front part of a
lady's dress covering the bust.
COR'SAIR, n. A pirate or piratical vessel ; a rob-
ber on the ocean.
CORSE, n. The dead body of a human being ; a
corpse.
CORSE'LET, n. A light cuirass ; armour for the
breast.
COR'SET, n. A bodice or stays worn by ladies.
CORTEGE (kor'tazhe), n. [Fr.] A train of attend-
ants.
CORTES (kor'tez), n. The legislative body of
Spain and Portugal.
CORTI-CAL, a. Barky ; belonging to i/turk or the
external covering.
CORTI-COSE, a. Full of bark ; barky.
Cp-R0S'CANT, a. Flashing ; shining.
eOR'US-CATE, v. i. To throw off vivid flashes of
light ; to flash ; to lighten.
COR-US-CA'TION, n. The flashing of light ; a
flash; glitter.
COR-VETTE', n. A sloop of war ranking next be-
low a frigate ; an advice boat.
CO'SEY (ko'zy), a. Snug; comfortable; chatty.
CO'SI-LY, ad. Snugly; comfortably.
COS-MET 1C, a. Promoting beauty ; n. a wash to
improve beauty.
COS'MIC- AL, a. Relating to the world ; rising and
setting with the sun.
COS-MOG'O-NY, n. Speculation on the formation
of the world.
COS-MOG/RA-PHER, n. A describer of the world.
COS-MO-GRAPH'IC, ") a. Relating to the de-
CO$-MO-GRAPH'IC- AL, j scription of the world.
COS MOG'RA-PHY, n. Description of the world.
COS-MOL'O-GlST, n. One who describes the
world ; one versed in cosmoloay.
COS-MOL'O-GY, n. The science of the world ; a
treatise on the structure of the world.
COS-MO-POL'I-TAN, ") n. A person who has no
COS-MOP'O-LlTE, $ fixed residence; a citizen
of the world ; one of enlarged feelings embracing
the whole race.
COS-MO-RA'MA, n. A picturesque exhibition of
drawings viewed through a convex lens.
COS'SET, n. A lamb brought up by hand ; a pet.
COST (20), n. Price paid; charge; expense; loss.
COST v. t. To require to be given or expended
for.
COST &.L, o. Pertaining to the ribs.
COST IVE, a. Bound in body ; constipated.
COST LY, a. Expensive ; of great price ; dear.
COS-1 OME', n. Established mode of dress ; in
painting, the adaptation of all the details of a
picture to characters, the time, place, &c.
COTE } n - A small house ; a hut ; a shed or fold.
COT, ' )n. A small bed; a bed frame suspended;
COTT, J cover for a finger.
CO-TnM'PO-RA-RY. Sec CONTEMPORARY.
CO-TE-RIE' (ko-te-ree'), n. A select party of
friends ; a club.
8 COU
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TEEM; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
COTTAGE, n. A hut; a humble habitation; a
small pretty dwelling.
CO i TA-GER, n. One living in a cotta-e.
COTTER, n. A cottager.
COTTON (kdt'tn), n. A fine wool-like substance
growing in the pods of the cotton-plant ; cloth
made of cotton ; a. made of cotton.
COTTON, v. i. To adhere to or like. Swift.
COTTON-WOOD, n. A tree of the poplar kind.
COT-Y-LE'DON, n. The perishable lobe of the
seeds of plants.
eOT-Y-LED'0-NOUS, a. Having a seed lobe.
COUCH, v. i. To lie or squat down ; to lie down,
as a beast ; to lie in ambush ; to stoop, as in fear
or under a burden ; v. t. to lay close ; to hide ; to
comprise; to express ; to place in rest ; to remove
a cataract in the eye by a particular process.
COUCH, n. A seat for ease ; a bed ; a layer.
COUCH'ANT, a. Squatting; lying down; in 'her-
aldry, lying down with the head raised.
COUGH (kaul ), n. Effort of the lungs to throw off
offending matter.
COUGH (kauf '), v. i. To make a violent expulsion
of air from the lungs with noise ; v. t. to expel by
coiv-rliin^ ; to expectorate.
COULTER. See COLTER.
COUN'CIL, n. An assembly for consultation.
COUN'CIL-LOR, n. A member of council.
COUN'SEL, n. Advice ; consultation ; delibera-
tion ; prudence ; those who give counsel ; an ad-
vocate.
COUN'SEL, v. t. To advise; to exhort ; to wara.
COUVSEL-LOR, n. One who gives advice; a legal
advocate.
COUNT, v. t. To number; to reckon; to tell; to
esteem ; v. i. to account ; to swell the number or
count ; to reckon or rely on.
COUNT, n. Reckoning ; number ; part of a decla-
ration ; a title of nobility, equivalent to earl.
COUNTE-NANCE, n. The expression or appear-
ance of the human face ; air ; look ; appearance ;
support; aid; patronage.
COUNTE-NANCE, v. t. To support; to favour;
to encourage; to vindicate by any means; to
sanction.
COUNTER, n. That which keeps a reckoning;
one who reckons; a shop table; part of a ship
towards the stern.
COUNT 'ER, ad. Contrary ; in opposition.
COUN-TER-ACT', v. t. To act in opposition to ; to
hinder ; to withstand ; to frustrate.
COUN-TER-AC'TION, n. Opposite action ; hinde-
ranee.
COUN-TER-ACT'IVE, a. Tending to counteract ;
n. one who or that which counteracts.
COUNTER-BAL-ANCE, n. Opposite weight;
equivalent power.
COUN-TER-BAL'ANCE, v. t. To balance by weight
in the opposite scale ; to act against with equal
weight or power ; to be eqxtivalent to.
OUNTER-CIIAHM, n. That which opposes a
charm.
COUNTER-CHECK, n. A stop j rebuke ; re-
proof.
COUN-TER-DRAW, . t. To copy a drawing by
tracing through transparent paper.
COUNTER-FEIT (koun'ter-fit), a. Forged; made
like the original or genuine, with intent to pass
for it ; deceitful.
COUNTER-FEIT, n. A forgery ; a copy made to
deceive ; a cheat ; an impostor.
COUNTER-FEIT, v. t. To forge ; to make a copy
or imitation with a view to deceive; to feign; to
imitate.
COUNTER-FI JT-ER, n. One who counterfeits.
COUNTER-IE'RI-TATE, v. t. To produce an
artilk-i.il disease in order to relieve another.
COUNTER-MAN D, n. A contrary order.
COUN-TEK-MAN D', v. t. To give contrary orders ;
to revoke a former order ; to oppose.
cou
99
cov
D6VE, "WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BHLL ; Vi"CIOTJS'
OUN-TER-MARCH', v. t. To change the wings
of a battalion so as to bring the right to the leit,
1 the front to the rear.
COUNTER-MARCH, n. A change in the wings or
face of a battalion.
COUNTER-MARK, n. A check-mark ; a second or
third mark on goods ; a counterfeit of the natu-
ral mark of a horse's teeth.
COUNTER-MINE, n. A subterraneous passage
to oppose another.
COUN-TER-MlNE', v. t. To run an opposing sub-
terranean passage or mine; to counterwork; to
defeat.
COUNTER-MOVE-MENT, n. A movement in
opposition to another.
. COUNTER-PANE, n. The cover of a bed.
COUNTER-PART, n. The corresponding part; a
duplicate.
COUNTER-PLEA, n. A replication in law.
COUNTER-PLOT, n. A plot asrainst a plot.
COUNTER-POINT, n. A quilted coverlet ; oppo
site point ; in music, the science of harmony.
COUNTER-POISE, v. t. To counterbalance ; to
ist with equal weight.
COUNTER-POISE, n. A weight to balance an
other ; equiponderance ; a force or power sum
cient to balance another.
COUN-TER-REV-O-LCTION, n. A change to a
former state of things ; a revolution reversing a
previous one.
COUNTER-SCARP, n. In fortification, the exte-
rior talus or slope of the ditch.
COUNTER-SEAL, v. t. To seal with another.
COUNTER-SIGN (-sine), v. t. To sijjn as secretary,
or other subordinate officer, a writing which has
been signed by the principal or superior. Bank
notes are signed by the president, and countersigned
by the ca>!
CO UNTER-SIGN, n. A military watchword ; the
signature of a subordinate, in addition to that of
the principal or superior.
COUNTER-SINK, v. t. To sink into a cavity so as
not to project, as the head of a screw, &c.
COUNTER-SINK, n. A drill or tool for counter-
sinking.
L'ER-TEN'OR, ") n. High tenor in music ;
COUNTER, j a part between the tenor
and treble.
-TER-VAIL', v. t. To balance; to compen-
sate ; to act with equivalent effect.
COUNTER-WORK' (-wurk'), v. t. To work in op-
position to.
COUNTESS, n. The wife of a count or earl.
' HOUSE, \n. A room or house ap-
COUNTING-ROOM, j propriated to the keep-
ing of books, papers, and accounts, and the trans-
action of business.
COUNTLESS, a. Numberless ; infinite.
COUNTRI-FY, -o. t. To conform to the country;
to make rustic.
Itiin'try), n. Land around a city ; the
territory of a kingdom or state ; native land.
U N 'TRY (kttu'try), a. Belonging to the country ;
rustic.
COUNTRY-MAN, n. One of the same country ; a
Ic j a farmer or husbandman.
COUN TRY-SKAT, n. A residence in the country,
used as a place of retirement from the city.
A shi i-o ; a division of;
COUNTY-PAL' A-T1XE, n. An English county
Meculiar privileges, such as courts of
their
DE-SOL-EIL (koo'de-so-lal), n. Sunstroke.
COUPLE (kup'pl), n. A pair; a brace ; two of a
COUP'LE (kup'pl), v. t. To join one thing to an-
: v. i. to embrace.
kup'let), ?i. --;ir.
COUPLING, . That which couples or con-
N' (koo'pon), n. An interest certificate at-
tached to a trau-sierable boud.
: as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
COCR'AGE (kur'aje), n. The quality which leads
men to meet danger without fear or shrinking.
SYX. Bravery ; intrepidity ; valour ; boldness ;
daring. See BKAVERT.
COCR-A'liEOUS, a. Brave ; bold ; daring.
COOR-A'GEOUS-LY, ad. Bravely; boldly; heroic-
ally.
COU'RI-ER (koo're-er), n. A messenger sent in
haste ; a newspaper.
COURSE (korce), n. A passing or running ; a race ;
place of running ; a passage; direction of motion ;
order ; class ; series ; line of conduct ; a range of
stone or brick of the same height ; a service of
dishes.
COURSE, v. t. To hunt ; to run ; to pursue ; to
run through or over ; t;. i. to run ; to move with
speed.
COURS'ER, n. A race-horse; a racer; a hunter.
COURS'ES, n. pi. The principal sails of a sliip.
COURS'ING, n. The sport of hunting hares, &c.
COURT, n. A yard or inclosed area adjoining a
house; a recess from a street ; a palace; the hall
where justice is administered ; persons who com-
pose the retinue or council of a king ; persons or
judges assembled for hearing and deciding causes ;
the art of pleasing ; civility ; address to gain fa-
vour.
COURT, v. t. To make love ; to solicit in marriage ;
to endeavour to gain by address.
COURT-DAY, n. A day in which a court sits for
administering justice.
COORTE-OUS (kurt'e-us), a. Exhibiting courte-
sy ; of kind and polished deportment. SYN. Civil ;
polite ; complaisant ; affable ; urbane.
COURTE-OUS-LY (kurt'e-us-), ad. In a courteous
manner ; civilly ; politely.
CO0RTE-SAN (kurt'e-zan), n. A lewd woman ; a
prostitute.
COURTE-SY (kurt'e-sy), n. Civility; politeness;
kind treatment : good breeding.
COORTE'SY (kurt'sy), n. An expression of re-
spect or civility by females, consisting in a slight
bending of the knees or inclination of the body ;
v. i. to perform the act of respect or reverence as
a female.
COURT-HAND, n. A hand used in records.
COURT'IER (kort'yur), n. An attendant on a
court ; one who flatters to please.
COURTING, n. The act of paying court.
COURT'LIKE, a. Polite; well-bred; civil.
COURT'LI-NESS, n. Elegance of manners; com-
plaisance with dignity ; civility.
COURTLY, a. Relating to a court ; polite ; ele-
gant ; flattering.
COURT-MARTIAL, n. ; pi. COURTS'-MAR'TIAL. A
court consisting of military or naval officers, for
the trial of military or naval offences.
COURT-PLiS-TER, n. Black silk, adhesive on
one side, for covering slight injuries.
COURTSHIP, n. Solicitation in marriage; the
act of soliciting favour or of wooing.
COCS'IN (knz'zn), n. The child of an uncle or
aunt ; one collaterally related ; more remotely re-
lated then a brother or sister.
f'OUS'IN-GER'MAN, n. A first cousin.
'OVE, n. A small creek, inlet, or bay ; a recess in
a shore sheltered from winds and waves.
COV'E-NANT (kuv'e-nant), n. A mutual agree-
ment. SY.V. Contract, which see.
COV'E-NANT (kuv'e-nant), v. i. To make a formal
agreement ; to contract ; to bargain ; to stipu-
late ; v. t. to grant or promise by covenant.
COV-E-NANT-EE', n. One to whom a covenant is
made.
COV'E-NANT-ER, 71. One who makes a covenant ;
one who joined the great league in defence of civil
and religious liberty in Scotland in the 17th cen-
tury.
'OV ER (kuv'er), V. i. To spread over: to hide ;
to conceal ; to shelter ; to protect ; to brood ; to
clothe ; to include or comprehend.
COVER (kuv'er), n. That which overspreads ;
cov
100
CRA
I, *, &c., long. I, S, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
shelter; concealment; protection ; pretence; a
plate set on the table.
COVER-ING, n. That which covers or conceals.
COVER-LET, n. An upper bed cover.
COVERT (kuv'ert),a. Covered; hid; secret; dis-
guised.
COVERT (kuv'ert), n. A shelter; a thicket; a de-
fence.
COVERT-LY, ad. Secretly ; privately ; closely.
COVERT-ORE (kuv'ert-y"r), n. Covering; shel-
ter ; the state of a married woman, who is con-
sidered as under cover, or under the power of her
husband.
COVET (Mv'et), v. t. or i. To desire earnestly or
inordinately. SYN. To long for ; hanker after.
COVET-OUS (kttv'et-us), a. Eager to gain and
save property ; inordinately desirous.
COVET-OUS-LY, ad. Greedily; with eagerness
to save or possess.
COVET-OUS-NESS (kuv'et-), n. Inordinate de-
sire of gain. SYN. Avarice; cupidity.
COVEY (kuv'y), n. A brood of birds ; a hatch.
COV IN (kuv'in), n. Deceitful agreement; collu-
sion.
COW, n. ; pi. -Cows ; old pi. KING. The female of the
bovine genus of animals.
COW, v. t. To dispirit ; to depress with timidity.
COWARD, n. One deficient in courage. SYN.
Craven ; poltroon ; dastard. Coward is supposed
to have been originally turn-tail (culum-vertere) ;
a craven is literally one who liegs off, or shrinks at
the approach of danger ; a poltroon (paltry) is a
wean spirited coward; dastard is one of the
strongest terms of reproach in our language.
COWARD, a. Destitute of courage ; base.
COWARD-ICE, n. Want of courage. SYN. Ti-
midity ; pusillanimity.
COWARD-LY, a. Meanly timid; fearful; befit-
ting a coward.
COWARD-LY, ad. With mean timidity.
COWER, v. i. To sink by bending the knees ; to
crouch.
COWHERD, n. One who takes care of cows.
COWHIDE, n. The hide of a cow ; a coarse whip
made of cowhide.
COWHIDE, -u. t. To beat with a cowhide.
COWL, 7i. A monk's hood ; a circum gyrating hood
on the top of a chimney to prevent smoking.
COWLICK, n. A tuft of hair turned over the fore-
head, which appears as if licked by a cow.
COWL'-STAFF, n. A staff for supporting a vessel
between two persons.
COWPOX, n. The vaccine disease.
COWRY, n. A small shell used for coin in Africa
and the East.
COWSLIP, n. A plant bearing yellow flowers of
the genus primula.
COX'-GOMB ( -koine), n. The caruncle of a cock ; a
fop ; a red flower.
COX'COMB-RY, n. The manners of a coxcomb;
foppishness.
COX-OM'ie-AL, a. Conceited; foppish; pert.
COY, a. Shrinking from familiarity. SYN. Mo-
dest ; reserved ; retiring ; shy ; distant ; bashful.
COY'ISH, a. Somewhat shy ; reserved.
COY'LY, ad. With reserve; shyly; modestly.
COY'NESS, 11. Shyness of familiarity ; reserve.
COZ'EN (kuz'zn), v. t. To cheat; to defraud ; to
beguile. Pmave.
COZ'EN-ER (kuz'zn-er), n. One who cheats ; a
CO'ZI-LY, ad. Snugly ; comfortably.
CO'ZY, o. Snug ; comfortable.
CRAB, n. A crustaceous animal ; a wild apple ; a
peevish person ; a species of crane or capstan ; a
wooden engine used in launching ; Cancer, a sign
of the zodiac; o. sour; austere.
CRAB'BED, a. Harsh ; with bitterness ; like a
crab-apple. SYN. Peevish ; sour ; rough ; austere ;
morose ; difficult.
CRAB'BED-LY, ad. Peevishly; morosely.
CRACK, n. A sudden sharp noise; a fissure; a
disruption ; a boaster.
FALL, WH^T ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVK,
CRACK, v. t. To break into chinks ; to split ; to
break partially ; to produce a sharp, abrupt sound;
to disorder; to make crazy; v. i. to burst; to
open in chinks ; to emit a sharp, sudden sound ;
to boast ; with of.
CRACK, a. Superior ; first-rate. [Low.']
CRACK'-BRAINED (-brand), a. Having the un-
derstanding or intellect impaired.
CRACK'ER, n. A firework; a boaster j a hard
biscuit ; that which cracks any thing.
CRACK'LE (krak'kl), v. i. To make sharp sudden
noises ; to decrepitate.
CRACK'LING, n. Crepitation; frequent sharp
so_unds.
CRA'DLE, n. A bed or crib on rockers for child-
ren ; an instrument for cutting and laying
grain ; a frame placed under the bottom of a ship
for launching ; a case for a broken limb ; in-
fancy.
CRA'DLE, v. t. To lay or rock in a cradle; to cut
and lay with a cradle, as grain.
CRAFT (6), n. Art; trade; cunning; dexterity;
artifice ; small vessels ; vessels in general.
CRAFT'I-LY, ad. With cunning ; artfully ; slyly.
CRAFT'I-NESS, n.- Artifice; cunning; stratagem.
CRlFTS'MAN, n. An artificer; a mechanic.
CRAFT'Y, a. Cunning ; subtle ; artful ; sly.
CRAG, n. A steep rugged rock ; in geology, a de-
posit of gravel with shells ; nape of the neck.
-GRAG'GED, ") a. Full of crags; rough; rugged.
CRAG'GY, j with broken rocks.
CRAM, v. t. To stuff; to force down; to fill to su-
perfluity ; to crowd ; v. i. to eat greedily or be-
yond satiety ; to stuff.
CRAM'BO, 7i. A play in which one gives a word to
which another finds a rhyme.
CRAMP, n. Spasm ; a painful spasmodic contrac-
tion of muscles ; restraint ; confinement ; a piece
of iron for holding timbers or stones together.
CRAMP, v. t. To confine; to hinder; to stop; to
affect with spasms.
CRAMP'-F 1 SH, n. The torpedo or electric ray.
CRAM-POONS', n. pi. Iron works for hoisting
boxes, &c.
CRAN'BER-RY, n. An acid berry growing in
swamps, used for a sauce.
CRANE, n. A migratory fowl ; a machine for
raising and moving weights ; a siphon or crooked
pipe.
CRANE'S'-BtLL, n. Plants of the genus geranium;
a pair of pincers.
CRA'NI-AL, a. Belonging to the cranium or skull.
CRA-NI-OL'O-GIST, n. One who is versed in the
science of the cranium.
CRA-NI-OL'O-GY, 71. The science which investi-
gates the form of the skull and its relation to the
faculties of the mind ; phrenology.
CRA-NI-OM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
ing the skulls of animals.
CRA'NI-UM, n. [L.] The skull.
CRANK, n. The end of an axis bent for producing
rotary motion instead of alternating or the re-
verse ; a bend or turn ; a twisting or turning.
CRANK, a. Bold; stout; easily overset, as a
CRANK'LE (krank'kl), v. t. To crinkle; to break
into bends or angles.
CRANK'LE, n. A bend or turn ; a crinkle.
CRAN'NO-(JrES, n. pi. Dwellings built on piles in
lakes at a remote period.
CRAN'NY, 7i. A chink; fissure; crevice; crack; a
hole ; a secret place.
CRAPE, 71. A thin stuff used in mourning, &c.
CRAP'C-LENT, ~) a. Drunken; surcharged with.
CRAPO-LOUS, S liquor.
CRASH, v. i. To make loud, multifarious sounds,
as of things breaking.
CRASH, n. A loud, mixed sound, as of things fall-
ing and breaking ; coarse hempen cloth.
CRlSH'ING, n. A violent, mingled sound of thingl
breaking ; a repeated or prolonged crash.
CRASS, a. Gross ; thick ; coarse.
CRA
101
CRT
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; RT^LE, BTJLL ; Vl"CIOUS.
CRlSS'A-MENT, n. The red, thick part of blood.
CRAS'I-TUDE, 7i. Grossness; thickness; coarse-
ness.
CRATCH'ES, n. A swelling on a horse's pastern.
CRATE, 7i. A hamper of wicker-work for earthen-
ware.
CRATER, n. The mouth or orifice of a volcano.
CRA-TER'I-FORM, a. Of the form of a crater or
CRAUNCH (kranch), v. t. To chew; to crush with
the teeth ; to chew with violence and noise.
CRA-VAT', n. A neckcloth for men.
CRAVE, v. t. To ask earnestly ; to long for ; some-
times intransitively with for. STN. To beg; be-
seech ; entreat ; implore ; solicit.
CRA'VEN (kra'vn), n. A coward; a spiritless fel-
low. See COWARD.
GRAVEN, a. Cowardly ; spiritless ; base.
GRAVING, n. Urgent desire for ; longing for.
CRAVING, a. Importunate ; greatly longing for ;
demanding gratification.
CRAW, n. The crop or first stomach of fowls.
CRAW-FISH,') n. A crustaceous fish of the same
CRAY'-FISH, j genus with the lobster.
CRAWL, v. i. To creep; to move as a worm ; to
move slowly or feebly ; to have the sensation of
insects creeping on the body.
CRAY'-FlSH. See CHAW-FISH.
CRAY'ON, n. A coloured pencil used in drawing ;
a drawing or design in crayon.
CRAY'ON, v. t. To sketch with a crayon.
CRAZE, v. t. To break ; to crack the brain ; to im-
pair the intellect.
CRA'ZI-NESS, n. State of being deranged in intel-
lect ; feebleness ; derangement.
CRA'ZY, a. Broken ; weak ; deranged ; mad ; in-
sane. See INSANE.
CREAK, v. i. To make a harsh, grating sound.
CREAK'ING, n. A harsh, grating sound.
CREAM, 7i. The oily part of milk ; best part of a
thin?.
CREAM, v. t. To take off cream or the best of a
a thing.
CREAM, v. i. To gather cream ; to stiffen like
cream.
CREAM'-FACED (-faste),a. Pale-faced; cowardly.
CREAM'Y, a. Full of cream ; rich ; like cream.
CRE'ANCE, n. A line fastened to a hawk's leash.
CREASE, v. t. To make a crease or mark by fold-
ing.
CREASE, n. A mark made by folding; a groove-
like streak.
CRE-ATE', v. t. To bring into existence ; to cause
to exist ; to form ; to make ; to produce ; to give
new form, character, or qualities.
CRE-ATION, n. The act of creating; the act of
producing from nothing ; the thing created ; the
universe ; creatures ; the world.
CRE-A'TlVE, a. Having power to create; that
creates.
CRE-A'TOR, n. One who creates or gives exist-
ence ; the Supreme Being.
CREAT'ORE (49) (kret'yiir), n. A thing created ; a
created being ; one who owes his rise to another ;
a dependent ; a general term for being or person,
as a poor creature; a pretty creature; man ; ani-
mal.
CRE'DENCE, n. Belief; reliance of the mind on
testimony; credit; reputation.
CREDENT, a. Believing; easy of belief ; giving
or having credit.
CRE-DEN'TIAL (-dSn'shal), a. Giving title to
credit.
CRE-DEN'TIALS, n. pi. Testimonials ; warrant of
belief ; that which gives credit.
RED-I-BiL'I-TY, n. Claim to belief ; that which
renders it reasonable to believe; worthiness of
belief.
CRED'I-BLE, a. That may be believed ; worthy of
belief; probable.
RD'I-BLY, ad. In a credible manner; with
reason for belief.
- as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
CRED'IT, n. Belief; reputation ; esteem of others j
trustworthiness ; trust ; reputation of solvency ;
the side of an account in which payment is en-
tered; a sum due a person.
CREDTT, v. t. To believe; to give faith to; to
trust ; to set to the credit of.
CREDTT-A-BLE, a. Reputable; estimable; con-
sistent with credit or reputation.
CRED'IT-A-BLY, ad. With reputation; reput-
ably.
CREDTT-OR, n. One who trusts or to whom one
is indebted.
GRE-DC'LI-TY, n. Easiness of belief; readiness
to believe on slight evidence.
CRED'C-LOUS, a. Apt to believe on slight evi-
dence.
CREED, n. Belief; confession of faith ; system,
principles, or articles believed.
CREEK, n. A small bay or inlet of the sea or of a
stream.
3REEKT, o. Containing creeks ; winding.
CREEP, v. i. [pp. CREPT, CREEPED.] To move
with the belly on the ground ; to move slowly ;
to grow along, as a vine ; to fawn.
CREEP, 7i. A rising of the floor of the gallery of a
coal-pit from the pressure of the props.
GREEP'ER, n. One that creeps ; that which creeps;
a creeping plant ; an iron instrument for drawing
up things from the bottom of a well or river ; a
genus of birds.
CREEP'ING-LY, ad. Slowly; in a dull manner;
by creepinsr.
CRE-MA'TIC-N, n. The act of burning.
CRE'OLE, n. A native of the West Indies and
Spanish America, descended from European pa-
rents.
CRE'O-SOTE, n. An oily, colourless liquid, with a
strong smell of smoke, obtained by distilling
wood or tar.
CREPI-TATE, v. i. To crackle in burning; to
make a crackling noise.
CREP-I-TATION, n. Small crackling sounds.
GRE-PGS'CLE (kre-pttsl'), n. Twilight.
GRE-PtTS'GU-LAR, "> o. Pertaining to twilight;
GRE-PCS'CU-LOUS, j glimmering; dim.
"" "
-
CRES'CIVE/j ' ^creasing; growing.
CRES'CENT, n. The increasing moon; the form of
the new moon; Turkish standard; v. t. to form
into a crescent. [plants.
GRESS, n. The name of several species of pungent
CRES'SET, n. Literally, a small cross ; a light set
on a beacon ; a lamp or torch.
CREST, n. A plume of feathers or other ornament
on a helmet ; the comb of a cock ; a tuft ; pride ;
loftiness.
CREST, v. t. To furnish with a crest ; to serve as
a crest for.
CREST'ED, a. Adorned with a crest.
CREST'-F ALL-EN (-faw-ln), a. Dejected; spirit-
less ; cowed.
CREST'LESS, a. Not having a crest or coat-ar-
mour ; not of eminent family.
CRE-TA'CEOUS (-ta'shus), a. Chalky; of the na-
ture of chalk ; abounding with chalk.
CRE'TIN, n. A name given to certain idiots
among the Alps, afflicted with goitre.
GRETISM, n. A falsehood ; a Cretan practice.
CRE-VASSE', 7i. A deep crevice ; a breach in the
embankment of a river.
CREVICE, n. A crack, fissure, or opening.
CREW (kru), n. A ship's company ; a mean com-
pany.
CREWEL Hiru'el), n. A ball of yarn; two-thread-
ed worsted slackly twisted.
CRIB, 7i. A manger; rack; stall; a frame to hold
a child's bed.
CRlB, v. t. To steal; to cage ; to confine.
CRlB'BAGE, 7i. A game at cards.
CRlB'BLE, n. A sifter; a riddle or screen.
CRICK, n. A spasmodic affection, as of the back
or neck.
CEI 102
I, fl, &c., long. A, , &c., sTiort.CARE, FAB, LAST,
RtCK'ET, n. A small insect ; a game with ball
and bat ; a low seat or stool.
CRI'EE, n. One who cries goods, or one who gives
notice or makes proclamation.
CRIM. -CON. Criminal conversation ; unlawful in-
tercourse with a married woman j adulterous in-
tercourse.
EIME, n. A violation of law or of a rule of autho-
rity ; public offence. Capital crime, a crime
punishable with death. SYN. Sin; vice. Sin is
generic, embracing wickedness of every kind.
Crime is a violation of law, and springs from our
passions ; vice from the inordinate indulgence of
natural appetites, which in themselves are inno-
cent. Intemperance is a vice, sometimes leading
to the crime of murder.
EiM'IN-AL, a. Guilty of a crime; involving a
crime ; relating to crimes ; not innocent.
E1M'IN-AL, n. One who has committed a crime.
EIM-IN-AL'I-TY, n. The quality of being crimi-
nal; guiltiness.
E1M'IN-AL-LY, ad. With crime; with guilt;
in violation of law.
ElM'IN-ATE, v. t. To charge with a crime.
GEIM-IN-A'TION, n. Accusation; charge of crime.
ElM'IN-A-TO-EY, a. Accusing; censorious; re-
lating to accusation.
dElMP, a. Easily crumbled ; brittle ; crisp.
GE1MP, n. One who decoys others into the mili-
tary or naval service; one who decoys for any
purpose of deceit.
CRIMP, v. t. To pinch or form into plaits or
ridges ; to decoy ; to curl.
GElM'PLE (krim'pl), v. t. To lay in plaits ; to
contract ; to draw together ; to corrugate.
ElM'SON (krim'zn), n. A deep-red colour; a. of
a deep-red colour.
RlM'$ON (krim'zn), v. t. To tinge with red ; to
dye with crimson ; v. i. to become of a crimson
colour ; to blush.
R1NGE, v. t. To shrink; to contract; v. i. to
bend with servility ; to bow ; to fawn ; to flatter
meanly.
E1NGE, n. A low bow; servility.
ElNG'GLE (kring'gl), n. A withe ; a ring in a
bolt-rope of a sail.
CIElNK'LE (krink'kl), v. t. To bend in turns or
flexures ; to turn ; to wrinkle ; v. i. to wrinkle ;
to fold or turn in short bends or flexures; n.
wrinkle ; turn ; fold.
ElN'O-LINE, n. An expansive stiff skirt worn
by females ; a skirt distended at the lower part
by hoops of cane, steel. &c.
GEl'NOSE, a. Hairy.
CEIPPLE (krip'pl), n, A lame person.
CEIP'PLE, v. t. To make lame ; to disable.
CEI'SIS, n. ; pi. -CRI'SES. A critical time ; a turn ;
time when any thing is at its height and rir 3 for
a change.
CRISP, v. t. To curl ; to make brittle.
CRISP, ) o. Curled; brittle; dried so as to
CRlSP'Y, > break short.
CRlSP'ATE, ) a. Having a crisped appearance;
RlSP'A-TED, f rough with waving lines.
RISP-A'TION, n. Act of curling.
CRlSP'Y, a. Curled ; formed into ringlets ; brittle.
CRlST'ATE, a. Crested ; tufted.
CRI-TE'RI-ON, n. ; pi. ^RI-TE'RI-A. Standard of
judging ; any rule, principle, or fact, by compari-
son with which an estimate or judgment is form-
ed ; measure ; rule.
GElT'I^, n. A person skiUed in judging of the
merits of literary works, or of other things; a
judge ; one who judges with severity.
GElT'IC, a. Eelating to criticism; critical.
ElT'K)-AL, a. Relating to criticism; discrim-
inating ; accurately judging ; nicely judicious ;
inclined to find fault ; pertaining to or indicating
a crisis ; decisive ; involving difficulty or danger.
STN. Nice; exact; accurate.
ElT'IC-AL-LY, ad. Exactly; nicely ; with nice
scrutiny ; in a critical condition.
CRO
FALL, WHAT; THERE, TEBM; MARINE, BiRD; MOVE,
!ElT'K!-AL-NESS, n. The state of being critical ;
exactness ; niceness ; accuracy.
3E1T'I-C1SE, v. t. To judge and remark upon with
exactness ; to point out faults ; v. i. to act the
critic; to notice beauties and faults ; to judge.
CEITI-CISM, n. The act or art of judging nicely
of any performance or production ; a critical re-
mark.
CRI-TIQUE' (kre-teek'), n. [Fr.] Critical exam-
ination ; animadversion ; science of criticism.
CEOAK'ING, } n ' ^ rou n sound > as of frogs.
-CEOAK, v. i. To utter a rough sound, as a frog or
raven ; to forebode evil ; to talk despondingly.
CEOAK'EE, n. One who croaks or is inclined to
forebode evil ; a complainer ; a grumbler.
CRO'CHET (kro'sha), n. [JPr.] Fancy work per-
formed by knitting with a small hook.
RO'CEOUS (kro'shus), a. Like saffron ; yellow.
-CROCK, n. An earthen pot ; black matter or soot.
6EOCK, v. t. or i. To blacken with burnt matter or
soot ; to soil or black with colouring matter, as of
cloth.
-CEOCK'ER-Y, n. Earthenware ; vessels formed of
clay and baked ; the coarser kinds of earthenware
in distinction from porcelain or china.
-GROCK'Y, a. Smutty.
!EOC'O-DlLE, n. A large amphibious animal of
the lizard kind, like the alligator.
GRO'-eUS, n. Saffron ; a genus of plants ; any
mineral calcined to a red or yellow powder.
-CROFT, n. A field near a house.
-CROI-SADE'. See CRUSADE.
-CROI'SES, n. pi. Soldiers in a crusade ; pilgrims
carrying a cross.
-CRO-MOR'NA, n. An organ stop with a sound re-
sembling that of the oboe.
-CRONE, n. An old ewe ; an old woman.
-CRO'NY, n. An old intimate companion; a fa-
miliar friend.
-eROOK, n. Abend; curve; shepherd's staff ; arti-
fice ; difficulty or trial.
CROOK, v. t. To bend ; to turn from a straight
line ; to curve ; to pervert ; v. i. to be bent, to
curve ; to deviate from a straight line ; to wind.
eROOK'EI), pp. or a. Not straight ; bent from a
straight line ; curving ; perverse.
-CROOK'ED-LY, ad. With bending; in a crooked
manner ; perversely.
CROOK'ED-NESS, n. Bending form; deviation
from straightness or rectitude ; perverseness.
CROP, n. Produce ; farming products in general ;
the growth gathered off a field ; any thing cut off;
the first stomach of a fowl.
CROP, v. t. To cut, eat, or pluck off; to reap.
CROP'-EARED, a. Having the ears cropped.
-CROFFUL, a. Quite full; crammed; glutted.
CROP'OUT, v. i. To ripen to a full crop ; in geo-
logy, to come out at the surface, as the edges of
inclined strata.
CROP'-SICK, a. Sick by excess of eating.
CRO'SIER (kro'zhur), n. A bishop's staff; a pas-
toral staff ; southern cross.
CROS'LET, n. A small cross.
CROSS, n. The ensign of the Christian religion ; a
line drawn through another ; a gibbet, consisting
of two pieces of timber placed across each other,
either like T or X ; any thing in the form of a
cross ; adversity ; sufferings of Christ ; any thing
that thwarts, obstructs, or perplexes.
CROSS, (20), a. Athwart; transverse; peevish;
difficult ; adverse ; opposite ; interchanged ; prep.
athwart ; over.
CROSS, v. t. To lay or pass athwart ; to pass over;
to thwart ; to interfere with ; to perplex ; to can-
cel ; v. i. to lie or be athwart ; to pass laterally
or from place to place.
CROSS'-BJLL, n. A defendant's bill in chancery;
a species of bird, the points of whose bill cross
each other.
)ROSS'-BOW (-bo), n. A bow placed athwart a
stock.
CEO
103
CRY
D&VE, WOLF, BQOK ; R#LE, BTXL ; Vf'CIOUS.
CROSS'-BEEED, n. A breed procured by the
union of different breeds.
EOSS-EX-AM-I-NA'TION, n. The examination
of a witness, called by one party, by the opposite
party or his counsel.
EOSS-EX-AM'INE, v. t. To examine by different
parties.
ROSS'-GEAINED (-grand), a. Having the grain
crossed or irregular ; ill-natured ; cross ; per-
verse ; untractable.
ROSS'IXG, it. A thwarting ; a passing across or
over ; the place of passing ; communication from
one tract to another.
CROSS'LY, ad. Peevishly ; perversely.
CROSS'NESS, n. Peevishness; ill-nature.
CEOSS'-QUES-TIOX, v. t. To cross-examine.
EOSS'-STAFF, n. An instrument for taking the
altitude of the sun or stars.
EGSS'-TEEES, n. Pieces of timber at the upper
ends of the lower and topmasts.
!EOSS'-W1ND, n. A side or unfavourable wind.
GEOSS'-WlSE. ad. In the form of a cross ; across.
EOTCH, u. A fork or forking, as of a tree; a
forked piece of wood or metal.
CEOTCH'ET, n. A note of half a minim ; brackets
or hooks used in printing, [ ] ; a whim ; an odd
or perverse conceit ; a piece of wood forked.
EOTCH'ET-Y, a. Having crotchets or whims;
inclined to peculiar conceits.
CEOUCH, v, i. To stoop low; to bend; to cringe.
OEOUP (kroop), n. An inflammation of the wind-
pipe, accompanied by a hoarse cough and hard
breathing; the buttocks of a horse ; the rump of
a fowl.
CROUPIER (kroop'eer), n. One who sits as as-
sistant chairman at the bottom of the table at a
public dinner; one who watches the cards at a
gaming table.
CEOW, n. A black bird of the genus corvus ; a bar
of iron with a crook or claws ; the cock's voice.
CROW (kro), v. i. [pret. CROWED, CREW ; pp.
CROWED.] To utter the cry of a cock ; to exult.
CEO WEAK, n. A bar of iron used as a lever.
CROWD, 7i. A throng ; a multitude ; a great num-
ber together ; the populace ; a kind of violin.
CROWD, v. t. To press together ; to urge ; to fill
to excess ; to encumber by multitudes ; to force ;
to squeeze; v. i. to press; to swarm or be nu-
merous.
CEOWN, n. Top of the head; badge of royalty
worn on the head ; a garland or wreath ; honor-
ary distinct) .n ; the top or end ; a silver coin.
CEOWN, v. t. To invest with a crown or with
regal power ; to honour ; to reward ; to terminate;
CEO WN '-GLASS, n. . A superior quality of glass
differing in composition and fusibility from flint-
glass.
CEOWNTNG, a. Investing with a crown ; finish-
ing ; rising slightly above a level ; n. act of crown-
ing ; the finish ; in architecture, that which finishes
any decoration.
CEOWN'-WHEEL, n. A wheel with cogs at right
angles to its plane.
CBtrCIAL (kru'shal), a. Transverse ; running
across ; in form of a cross ; severe ; trying.
CEU'CIATE (kru'shate), v. t. To torture; to give
extreme pain.
CRU'CIATE, a. Having the form of a cross ; tor-
mented.
CBU'CI-BLE, n. A vessel used for melting metals,
or for holding other substances to be subjected to
intense heat.
CEC'CI-FlED (-fide), n. The Saviour; a. put to
death on a cross.
eEU'CI-Fl-ER, 7i. One who crucifies.
CRC'CI-FLX (31), 71. A representation in painting or
statuary of our Lord upon the cross.
CRD-CI-FlX'ION (-fik'shun), n. A nailing to a
cross ; the act or punishment of putting to death
on a cross.
RU'CI-FORM, o. Being in the form of a cross.
& as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
Rt'CI-FY, v. t. To fasten and put to death on a
cross ; in Scripture, to mortify ; to subdue.
CRUDE (31), a. In a raw or rough state ; not ma-
tured ; not well arranged. SYN. Unripe ; undi-
gested ; unfinished ; immature.
CEUDE'LY, ad. In a crude manner ; with rawness ;
without due preparation.
CEUDE'NESS, n. Eawness; unripeness; imma-
tureness.
CEU'DI-TY, n. Eawness; xtndigested matter;
something in a crude or immature state.
CRU'EL (31), a. Pleased with causing pain or suf-
fering; causing pain. SYN. Inhuman; barba-
rous ; unfeeling.
CEU'EL-LY, ad. In a cruel manner ; inhumanly ;
painfully.
CE T 'EL-TY, 71. A barbarous temper ; delisht in
the suffering of others ; unnecessary infliction of
pain ; inhumanity ; barbarity.
CRU'ET, 7i. A vial for vinegar or oil.
CRUISE (kruze), v. i. To sail to and fro over a
portion of the sea ; to rove on the sea.
CRUISE, 71. A voyage made without settled course ;
a voyage of search.
CRUIS'ER, 7i. A person or vessel that cruises, usu-
ally an armed ship in search of enemies or plun-
der.
CRUL'LER, n. A kind of crisp cake boiled in fat.
Sec KRULLER.
CEL'MB (kriim),") n. A fragment, as of bread or
CEUM, j cake.
CRUMB (krum) v. t. To break or cut into crumbs
or small pieces.
CRUM'BLE, v. t. To break into small pieces ; v. i.
to fall into small pieces ; to fall to decay.
CEUMB'-CLOTH, n. A cloth laid under the table
to keep the floor clean.
CEUM'MY, a. Full of crumbs ; soft.
CEUM'PET, )i. A kind of cake.
CEtTM'PLE (krum'pl), v. t. To make wrinkles; to
press into folds; to rumple; v. i. to shrink; to
contract.
CEUP'PEE, n. A leather passing under a horse's
tail to hold a saddle back ; the rump or buttocks
of a horse.
CEOP'PER, v. t. To put a crupper on.
CRU'RAL, a. Pertaining to the leg.
CRU-SADE', n. A military expedition to recover
the Holy Land from infidels; Portuguese coin
stamped with a cross.
RU-SAD'ER, n. One who engages in a crusade.
CRUSE, n. A small cup or vial.
GRU'SET, 7i. A goldsmith's melting-pot.
CRUSH, v. t. To bruise or break by pressure ; to
squeeze together ; to overwhelm ; to subdue ; to
ruin ; v. i. to be forced together or broken down
by weight or pressure ; to dispirit.
CRCSH, 71. A violent collision and bruising ; ruin.
-GEtTST, 7i. A hard covering over bread or other
matter ; a shell ; a scab.
CEUST, v. t. To cover with a hard case or coat, or
with concretions ; v. i. to gather or concrete into
a hard covering; to form into a crust.
CEUS-TA'CE-A (-she-a), 71. pi. A class of articulated
animals, having a crust-like covering, including
crabs, lobsters, &c.
CEUS-TA-CE-OL'O-GY, n. That part of zoology
which treats of crustaceous animals.
CEUS-TA'CEOUS (krus-ta'shus), a. Shelly; hav-
ing soft and jointed shells, as a lobster; pertain-
ing to the Crustacea ; like crust.
CRCST'I-LY, ad. Peevishly; with surliness.
CRCST% a. Like crust; hard and dry; snappish;
peevish.
CRUTCH, n. A staff with a ciirving cross-piece at
the head, to be placed under the arm of lame per-
sons.
CROTCH, v. t. To support on crutches.
-GEY, v. i. To utter a loud sound ; to call ; to ex-
claim ; to weep ; to implore ; v. t. to proclaim ; to
announce publicly ; to cry down, to decry; to cry
up, to applaud ; to raise by proclamation.
cus
106
DAF
common; subject
1, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST
GUS'TOM, n. Habitual practice; usage; use;
way ; a buying of goods. See HABIT.
CUS'TOM-A-BLE, a. Frequent;
to duties.
CUS'TOM-A-RI-LY, ad. Habitually; commonly.
US'TOM-A-RY, a. According to usage ; in com
mon practice; habitual.
CUSTOM-ER, n. One who buys goods, or fre
quents a place for obtaining what he wants.
CUSTOM-HOUSE, n. The house where duties
are paid, and where vessels enter and clear.
CUS'TOMS, n. pi. Duties on goods imported or ex-
ported.
CUS'TOS ROT-U-LffRUM, n. [L.] The keeper of
the rolls.
CUT, v. t. [pret. and pp. CUT.] To carve; to hew;
to lop ; to chop ; to crop ; to affect deeply ; to
neglect designedly.
CUT, n. A cleft or gash ; a slice of meat ; a stroke ;
trench; picture.
CUT, v. i. To sever ; to pass through ; to be sev-
ered ; to divide.
CU-TA'NE-OUS, a. Pertaining to the skin.
CUTE, a. Clever ; sharp ; keen witted.
CUTI-CLE (ku'te-kl), n. The outer skin ; scarf
skin ; outer bark.
CTJ-TlC'U-LAR, a. On the skin; skin-deep.
CUT'LASS, n. A broad, curving sword ; a hanger.
CUT'LER, n. A maker or seller of knives.
)tTT'LER-Y, n. The business of making knives and
other cutting instruments ; knives and edged
instruments.
CUT'LET, n. A small or thin slice of meat.
CUT-PURSE, n. One who cuts off or oub purses ;
a thief.
OT'TER, n. One who cuts ; a swift-sailing vessel.
CUT'-THROAT, n. A murderer; an assassin; a.
murderous ; barbarous.
CUT'TING, ppr. or a. Dividing with an edged tool ;
satirical ; severe ; pungenb ; wounding ; n. a
piece cut off for any purpose.
CUT'TLE-FlSH, n. A fish that throws out a black
liquor to conceal itself; ink-fish.
UT'-WA-TER, n. The fore part of a ship's prow ;
the lower part of a pier separating two arches.
CUT'WORM, n. A caterpillar which eats off corn
and young green plants.
CWT, n. A sign for a hundred weight.
CY-AN-OM'E-TER, n. An instrument to ascertain
the degree of blueness of the sea or sky.
CY'CLE, n, A circle ; round of time.
c!c'Sc'-AL>- Pertaining to a cycle.
CfCLOID, n. A geometrical curve on which de-
pends the doctrine of pendulums; an order of
fishes with rounded scales.
Ct-CLOID'AL, a. Pertaining to a cycloid.
CY--eLOM'E-TRY, n. Art of measuring cycles.
CY'-CLONE, n. A rotatory wind advancing on a
line.
CY-CLO-PE'Alsr, a. Pertaining to the Cyclops;
vast ; gigantic ; terrific ; savage. Cycolpean
architecture, huge stones without cement.
CY-CLO-PE'DI-A, \n. A body or circle of sciences,
CY-CLO-P.ZE'DI-A, $ or book containing them.
CY'CLOPS, n. sing, and pi. In fabulous history, a
class of giants with one eye.
CYG'NET, n. A young swan.
CYL'LN-DER, TV. A long, circular body of uniform
diameter.
CYL-J N'DRIC-AL, ") a. In the form of a cylin-
CYL-IN'DRI-FORM, ) der.
CY-MAR', n. A slight transparent covering; a
scarf. See SIMAR.
CYM'BAL, n. An instrument of music.
CY'MA, n. A waving moulding of a cornice.
CY'MOSE, a. In the form of a cyme.
CYM'LING, n. A squash. [Local.]
CYN'I<3, n. A surly, snarling man.
CYN'IC-AL,} a ' Surly; snarlin S; captious.
Cf N'I-AL-LY, ad. With surliness ; morosely.
FALL, WH4T ; THERE, TJ&RM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
CYN'IC-AL-NESS, n. Surliness ; moroseness.
CYN'I-CISM, n. A morose contempt of the plea-
sures and arts of life ; churlishness.
CYN'ICS, n. pi. Ancient philosophers who prided
themselves on their contempt of riches, &c., hence
called dogs.
CYN'0-SURE or CYN'O-SURE (-shur), n. The con-
stellation of the Little Bear, in whose tail is the
Pole-Star, which seamen steer by ; that which
attracts attention.
CY'PHER, 71. See CIPHER.
CY'PRESS, 7i. A tree ; an evergreen; white cedar ;
an emblem of mourning.
CYP'RI-AN, a, Belonging to the isle of Cyprus ;
licentious.
CY'PRUS, 7i. A thin stuff, black and transparent.
CYR-E-NA'I, a. Pertaining to Cyrene.
CYR-I-O-LOG'IC, a. Relating or pertaining to
capital letters.
CYST, n. A bag containing morbid matter.
CYST'OSE, a. Containing or like cysts.
CYS-TOT'O-MY, 7i. The act or practice of opening
cysts, especially the operation of cutting the blad-
der to extract the stone.
CYTH-E-RE'AN, a. Belonging to Venus.
CYT'I-SUS, 7i. A shrub with yellow flowers.
CZAR (zar), n. The title of the Emperor of Russia.
CZA-Rl'NA (ziir-e'na), n. Title of the Empress of
Russia.
CZAR'ISH (zar'ish), o. Pertaining to the Czar of
Russia.
CZAR'O-WITZ, n. The title of the eldest con oi
ths Czar of Russia.
D.
T\ is the fourth letter and the third consonant of
*"' the alphabet. It is a mute, but is distinguished
from the pure mate t, to which it is allied, by a
slight vocality.
D. A note in music.
D. D. An abbreviation for Doctor of Divinity.
D. A numerical letter for five hundred ; and with.
a dash over it for five thousand.
DAB, v. t. To strike gently with the hand, or with
a soft or moist substance ; to slap ; to box.
DAB. n. A gentle blow ; a small lump of any tiling
moist ; something moist or slimy thrown on one ;
one who is very expert ; a flat fish.
DAB'BLE, v. t. To dip slightly ; to wet by little
dips ; to sprinkle.
DAB'BLE, v. i. To play in water ; to meddle ; to
touch lightly ; to do in a superficial manner.
DAB'BLER, n. One who dips slightly, or meddles.
DAB'BLING, 7i. The act of lightly dipping into or
meddling with any thing.
DAB'BLING-LY, ad. Superficially.
DAB'CHLCK, n. A small water-fowl of the grebe
kind.
DAB'STER, 7i. One who is expert in any thing.
DACE, 7i. A small fish of a silvery colour.
DAC'TYL, 7i. A poetical foot of one long and two
short syllables.
DAC'TYL-AR, a. Pertaining to a dactyl ; reducing
from three to two svllables.
DA-TYL'IC, a. Pertaining to dactyls ; n. a line
chiefly or wholly of dactyls.
DAC'TYL-IST, n. A writer of flowing verse.
DAC-TYL-OL'O-GY, n. The art of expressing ideas
or thoughts by the fingers ; the science of the
history and qualities of finger-rings.
DAD, ) 7i. A term for father, taken from its
DAD'DYJ use by infants. Their first articula-
tions are dental or labial; dental in dad, and labial
in papa, maiK7iia.
[)2E-DA'LI-AN, a. Formed with art ; ingenious ;
intricate ; maze-like.
D^D'A-LOUS (ded'-), a. Bordered with various
windings and turnings ; of a beautiful texture.
DAF'FO-DIL, 71. A plant with yellow flowers.
DAFT, a. Silly; without sense. [Scotch.]
DAG
107
DAR
D<JV, WOLF, BOQK ; RULE, BCLL ; Vl"CIOUS -G as K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
A loose eiid of a lock of wool ; a slip or
DAG, n.
shred ; a hand-gun ; dew.
DAG'GER, n. A short sword ; with printers, the
mark f.
DAG'GER, v. t. To stab with a dagger.
DAG'GLE (dag'gl), v. i. To trail, or be in the dirt.
DAG'-LOCK, n. A lock of wool on a sheep that
hangs down and drags in the wet or dew (dag),
called also tag-lock.
DA-GUERRE'I-AN (da-ggr're-an), a. Pertaining
to Daguerre, or to his invention of the daguerreo-
DA^GUERRE'O-TtPE (da-ger'ro-type) , n. A me-
thod of taking pictures by means of li^ht thrown
by the camera obscura on metallic surfaces co-
vered with the iodid of silver ; hence pictures
thus taken .
DAH'LIA (dal'ya or dal'ya), n. The name of a plant
bearing a beautiful flower.
DAl'LY, a. Happening or being done every day ;
diurnal.
DAIN'TI-LY, ad. Nicely ; deliriously.
DAINTY, n. An article of food which is peculiarly
nice. SYN. Delicacy. A delicacy is a nice article
of any kind ; a dainty is an exquisite article of
cookery.
DAIN'TY, a. Pleasing to the palate; delicate;
toft; fastidious.
TRY, n. The place where milk is kept and made
into butter and cheese ; a milk-farm ; the business
of making butter and cheese.
DA'IS, 71. A raised floor in a dining-room ; a cano
pied seat.
DAI'SY, n. A flower with, a yellow disk and white
rays tipped with crimson.
DALE, n. A low place between hills ; a vale.
DAL'LI-ANCE, n. Act of fondness ; a toying ; mu-
tual embrace.
DAL'LIED, pret. and pp. of DALLY.
DAL'LI-ER, n. One who dallies ; a fondler.
DAL'LY, v. i. or t. Literally, to delay ; to sport or
trifle with ; to fondle. [water.
DAM, n. The mother of brutes ; a bank to stop
DAM, v. t. To confine by a dam ; to check or re-
strain. SYN. To obstruct ; stop.
DAM'AGE, n. Harm to property or person ; injury
to an enterprise; value of what is lost. SYN.
Hurt ; loss ; detriment ; mischief.
DAM'AGE, v. t. To injure ; to lessen the sound-
ness or value of. SYN. To impair ; to hurt.
DAM'A-GES, n. pi. The amount assessed on a de-
fendant, to pay the plaintiff for injury done him.
DAM'A-SCENE, n. A damson ; a plum.
DAM'ASK, n. Silk woven with raised flowers and
other figures; a kind of wrought linen; red
colour.
DAM'ASK, v. t. To weave into flowered work ; to
adorn steel with figures.
DAM-ASK-EEN', v. t. To inlay in iron or steel
with gold or silver wire, for ornament.
DAM'ASK-LN, n. A sabre manufactured at Da-
mascus.
DAME, 7i. A lady; a woman; a matron; a school-
mistress.
DAMES-Vl'0-LET, n. A perennial flower ; rocket,
or queen's gillyflower.
DAMN (dam), v. t. To sentence to eternal punish-
ment ; to condemn ; to reprobate.
DA2.INA-BLE, a. Worthy of damnation, or ex-
posing to it.
DAM^NA-BLY, ad. So as to incur or deserve dam-
nation.
DAM-NA'TION, n. Sentence to everlasting pun-
ishment in the future world ; condemnation.
DAM'NA-TO-RY, a. Tending to condemn.
DAMNED (damd), pp. Doomed to eternal pu-
nishment ; condemned ; a. [in serious d
pronounced downed], cursed; exploded; detest-
able.
DAM'NI-PT, v. t. To injure ; to damage ; to hurt.
DAM'NING, a. Exposing to reprobation or dam-
nation.
DAMP, a. Moist ; humid ; watery ; depressed ; n.
moisture ; chill.
DAMP, v. t. To wet; to cast down ; to dispirit.
DAMPEN (damp'pn), v. t. To make moist.
DAMP'ER, 71. A valve to stop air in a furnace ; that
which checks; in a piano forte, a part covered
with soft leather to deaden the sound.
DAMP'ISH, a. Somewhat damp ; moist ; humid.
DAMP'NESS, n. Moisture; moderate humidity.
DAMPS, n. pi. Noxious exhalations.
DAIM'SEL, 71. A young maiden or woman ; a girl.
DAM'SON (dam'zn), n. A small black plum.
DANCE (6), r. i. Primarily, to move briskly up and
down ; to leap ; to frisk ; to move with measured
steps, regulated by music ; v. t. to dandle.
DANCE, n. In a general sense, aleaping and stepping
to the sound of music ; a frisking about ; a tune
for dancing-.
DANCED (danst),pret. and pp. of DANCE.
DAN'CER, n. One that dances.
DAN'CIXG, ?i. A moving up and down ; the mo-
tion of the feet to music.
DAN'CING-M A S-TER, n. A teacher of dancing.
DAN'DE-LI-ON, n. A plant with a yellow flower
on a naked stalk.
DAN'DI-PRAT, n. A little fellow ; an urchin.
DAN'DLE, v. t. To shake on the knee ; to fondle j
to treat like a child.
DAN'DLER, n. One that dandles ; a fondler.
DAN'DRUFF, n. A scaly scurf on the head.
DAN'DY, n. A fop in dress ; a coxcomb.
DANDY-ISM, 71. The manners of a dandy.
DANE, 71. A native of Denmark.
DAN'CER, 7i. Exposure to evil. SYN. Peril ; haz-
ard ; risk ; jeopardy. Danger is generic ; peril
is instant or impending danger, as in peril of
one's life. Hazard (lit. a die or throw) arises
from something fortuitous or beyond our control,
as the hazard of the seas. Risk (lit. daring) is
doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred vo-
luntarily, as to risfc an engagement. Jeopardy
(literally jeu perdu, a lost game) is extreme dan-
ger.
DAN'GER-OUS, a. Full of hazard; exposing to
loss; perilous; causing danger or risk.
DANV;ER-OUS-LY, ad. With hazard; unsafely.
DANG'GLE (dang'gl), v. i. To hang loose and shak-
ing; to follow; to Lang on any one.
DANG'GLER, n. One who lazily hangs about
women.
DANGLING, 3>pr. or a. Hanging loose j follow-
ing.
DANISH, a. Belonging to the Danes.
DANISH, n. The language of the Danes.
DANK, a. Moist; wettish; damp.
DANK, n. Moisture ; damp ; wetness.
DANK'ISH, a. Slightly damp; moist.
DAPH'NE, n. A plant ; the mezereou ; the laurel.
DAPPER, a. Little ; active ; brisk ; neat.
DAPPLE (dap pi), a. Of various colours ; spotted.
DAP'PLE, v. t. To spot ; to variegate with spots.
DAP'PLED (dap'pld), pp. or a. Variegated with
spots.
DAPPLE-GRAY, n. Gray, streaked or spotted
with white, &c.
DAR-DA-NELLES', n. pi. Forts on the Straits of
the same name.
DARE (4), v. i. [pret DCRST.] To have sufficient
courage ; to be bold enough ; to venture.
DARE, v. t. To challenge; to provoke; to defy;
to terrify or amaze, as in bird-catching.
DAR'LC, n. A gold or silver coin of Darius the
Mede.
DARING, a. Having or showing great courage.
SYN-. Fearless ; intrepid ; bold ; defiant ; brave.
DARK, a. Void of light ; wholly or partly black ;
full of mystery or gloom. SYN. Obscure ; myste-
rious ; gloomy; blind.
DARK. n. Absence of light ; obscurity ; gloomi-
ness ; secrecy.
DARK'JBN (dar'kn), v. t. To make dark ; to dim ;
to perplex ; to sully.
cus
106
DAF
I, fi, &c., long. A, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
Habitual practice; usage; use;
way ; a buying of goods. See HABIT.
GOS'TOM-A-BLE, a. Frequent; common; subjed
to duties.
0S'TOM-A-RI-LY, ad. Habitually j commonly.
e0S'TOM-A-RY, a. According to usage ; in com
mon practice ; habitual.
tTSTOM-ER, n. One who buys goods, or fre
quents a place for obtaining what he wants.
etfS'TOM-HOUSE, n. The house where duties
are paid, and where vessels enter and clear.
0S'TOMS, n. pi. Duties on goods imported or ex-
ported.
CUS'TOS ROT-U-LO'RUM, n. [L.] The keeper of
the rolls.
CUT, v. t. [pret. and pp. CUT.] To carve ; to hew;
to lop ; to chop ; to crop ; to affect deeply ; to
to lop ; to chop ; to ci
neglect designedly.
30T, n. A cleft or gash ;
0T, n. A cleft or gash ; a slice of meat ; a stroke ;
trench ; picture.
G0T, v. i. To sever; to pass through; to be sev-
ered ; to divide.
eU-TA'NE-OUS, a. Pertaining to the skin.
G0TE, a. Clever ; sharp ; keen witted.
eU'TI-!LE (ku'te-kl), n. The outer skin ; scarf
skin ; outer bark.
eU-TlC'0-LAR, a. Oia the skin; skin-deep.
0T'LASS, n. A broad, curving sword ; a hanger.
0T'LER, n. A maker or seller of knives.
0T'LER-Y, n. The business of making knives and
other cutting instruments ; knives and edged
instruments.
0T'LET, n. A small or thin slice of meat.
0T'-P0RSE, n. One who cuts off or out purses j
a thief.
DT'TER, n. One who cuts ; a swift-sailing vessel.
e0T'-THROAT, n. A murderer; an assassin; a.
murderous ; barbarous.
e0T'TI]SrG, ppr. or a. Dividing with an edged tool ;
satirical ; severe ; pungent ; wounding ; n. a
piece cut off for any purpose.
J0T'TLE-FiSH, n. A fish that throws out a black
liquor to conceal itself; ink-fish.
0T'-WA-TER, n. The fore part of a ship's prow ;
the lower part of a pier separating two arches.
0T'WORM, n. A caterpillar which eats off corn
and young green plants.
CWT, n. A sign for a hundred weight.
CY-AN-6M'E-TER, n. An instrument to ascertain
the degree of blueness of the sea or sky.
CY'LE, n. A circle ; round of time.
cfl-St-AL,}"- Pertaining to a cycle.
Cr'-CLOID, n. A geometrical curve on which de-
pends the doctrine of pendulums ; an order of
fishes with rounded scales.
CY-)LOID'AL, a. Pertaining to a cycloid.
CY-GLOM'E-TRY, n. Art of measuring cycles.
CYCLONE, n. A rotatory wind advancing on a
line.
CY-eLO-PE'AN, a. Pertaining to the Cyclops;
vast ; gigantic ; terrific ; savage. Cycolpean
architecture, huge stones without cement.
CY-dLO-PE'DI-A, )TI. A body or circle of sciences,
CY--GLO-P.ZE'DI-A, J or book containing them.
CY'!LOPS, n. sing, and pi. In fabulous history, a
class of giants with one eye.
CYG'NET, n. A young swan.
CYL'IN-DER, n. A long, circular body of uniform
diameter.
CYL-lN'DRrC-AL, ") a. In the form of a cylin-
CYL-IN'DRI-FORM, j der.
CY-MAR', 71. A slight transparent covering; a
scarf. See SIHAR.
CYM'BAL, n. An instrument of music.
CY'MA, 7i. A waving moulding of a cornice.
CY'MOSE, a. In the form of a cyme.
CYM'LING, n. A squash. [Local.]
CYN'I, 11. A surly, snarling man.
CYN'll-AL,} a ' Surly; snarlin S5 captious.
CtN'I-AL-LY, ad. With surliness ; morosely.
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TJ&RM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
CVNTC-AL-NESS, n. Surliness; moroseness.
Cf NI-CISM, n. A morose contempt of the plea-
sures and arts of life ; churlishness.
CYN'IS, n. pi. Ancient philosophers who prided
themselves on their contempt of riches, &c., hence
called dogs.
CYN'0-SURE or CYN'O-SURE (-shur), n. The con-
stellation of the Little Bear, in whose tail is the
Pole-Star, which seamen steer by ; that which
attracts attention.
CY'PHER, 71. See CIPHER.
CY'PRESS, 7i. A tree ; an evergreen; white cedar ;
an emblem, of mourning.
CYP'RI-AN, o. Belonging to the isle of Cyprus;
licentious.
CY'PRUS, 7i. A thin stuff, black and transparent.
CYR-E-NA'I, a. Pertaining to Gyrene.
CYR-I-0-LO(i'I, a. Relating or pertaining to
capital letters.
CYST, 7i. A bag containing morbid matter.
CYST'OSE, a. Containing or like cysts.
CYS-TOT'O-MY, 7i. The act or practice of opening
cysts, especially the operation of cutting the blad-
der to extract the stone.
CYTH-E-RE'AN, a. Belonging to Venus.
CYT'I-SUS, 7i. A shrub with yellow flowers.
CZAR (zar), n. The title of the Emperor of Russia.
CZA-Rl'NA (ziir-e'na), n. Title of the Empress of
Russia.
CZAR'ISH (zar'ish), a. Pertaining to the Czar of
Russia.
CZAR'O-WTTZ, n. The title of the eldest con oi
the Czar of Russia.
D.
T\ is the fourth letter and the third consonant of
*-' the alphabet. It is a mute, but is distinguished
from the pure mate t, to which it is allied, by a
slight vocality.
D. A note in music.
D. D. An abbreviation for Doctor of Divinity.
D. A numerical letter for five hundred ; and with
a dash over it for five thousand.
DAB, v. t. To strike gently with the hand, or with
a soft or moist substance ; to slap ; to box.
DAB. 7i. A gentle blow ; a small lump of any thing
moist ; something moist or slimy thrown on one ;
one who is very expert ; a flat fish.
DAB'BLE, v. t. To dip slightly ; to wet by little
dips ; to sprinkle.
DAB'BLE, v. i. To play in water ; to meddle ; to
touch lightly ; to do in. a superficial manner.
DAB'BLER, n. One who dips slightly, or meddles.
DAB'BLING, n. The act of lightly dipping into or
meddling with any thing.
DAB'BLING-LY, ad. Superficially.
DAB'CHICK, 7i. A small water-fowl of the grebe
kind.
DAB'STER, n. One who is expert in any thing.
DACE, 7i. A small fish of a silvery colour.
DA-6'TYL, 7i. A poetical foot of one long and two
short syllables.
DA'TYL-AR, a. Pertaining to a dactyl ; reducing
from three to two syllables.
DA-TYL'I, a. Pertaining to dactyls ; n. a line
chiefly or wholly of dactyls.
DA'TYL-IST, n. A writer of flowing verse.
DA-TYL-OL'O-(jrY, n. The art of expressing ideas
or thoughts by the fingers ; the science of the
history and qualities of finger-rings.
DAD, ) 7i. A term for father, taken from its
DAD'DYJ use by infants. Their first articula-
tions are dental or labial; dental in dad, and labial
in papa, mamma.
D^E-DA'LI-AN, a. Formed with art ; ingenious ;
intricate ; maze-like.
DJED'A-LOUS (d6d'-), a. Bordered with various
windings and turnings ; of a beautiful texture.
DAF'FO-DIL, 7i. A plant with yellow flowers.
DAFT, a. Silly; without sense. [Scotch.]
DAG
I>6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BCLL ; Vl"CIOU
DAG, n. A loose eud of a lock of wool ; a slip or
shred ; a hand-gun ; dew.
DAG'GEE, 7i. A short sword ; with printers, the
mark f.
DAG'GEE, v. t. To stab with a dagger.
DAG'GLE (dag'gl), v. i. To trail, or be in the dirt.
DAG'-LOCK, n. A lock of wool on a sheep tha-
hangs down and drags in the wet or dew (dag)
called also tag-lock.
DA-GUEEEE'I-AN (da-ggr're-an), a. Pertaining
to Daguerre, or to his invention of the daguerreo-
DA-GTJfiERE'O-TYPE (da-gr'ro-type), n. A. me
thod of taking pictures by means of light thrown
by the camera obscura on metallic surfaces co
vered with the iodid of silver ; hence pictures
thus taken.
DAH'LIA (dJil'ya or dal'ya), n. The name of a plant
bearing a beautiful flower.
DAI'LY, a. Happening or being done every day;
diurnal.
DAIN'TI-LY, ad. Nicely ; deliriously.
DAIN'TY, n. An article of food which is peculiarly
nice. SYX. Delicacy. A delicacy is a nice article
of any kind ; a dainty is an exquisite article of
cookery.
DAIN'TY, a. Pleasing to the palate; delicate;
toft; fastidious.
I'EY, n. The place where milk is kept and made
into butter and cheese ; a milk- farm ; the business
of making butter and cheese.
DA'IS, n. A raised floor in a dining-room ; a cano
pied seat.
DAI'SY, n. A flower with a yellow disk and white
rays tipped with crimson.
DALE, 11. A low place between hills ; a vale.
DAL'LI-ANCE, n. Act of fondness ; a toying ; mu-
tual embrace.
DAL'LIED, pret. and pp. of DALLY.
DAL'LI-EE, 7i. One who dallies ; a fondler.
DAL'LY, v. i. or t. Literally, to delay ; to sport or
trifle with; to fondle. [water.
DAM, . The mother of brutes ; a bank to stop
DAM, v. t. To confine by a dam ; to check or re-
strain. SYN. To obstruct ; stop.
DAM'AGE, n. Harm to property or person ; injury
to an enterprise; value of what is lost. SYA T .
Hurt ; loss ; detriment ; mischief.
DAM'AGE, v. t. To injure; to lessen the sound-
ness or value of. STN. To impair ; to hurt.
DAM'A-GES, ?i. pi. The amount assessed on a de-
fendant, to pay the plaintiff for injury done him,
DAM'A-SCENE, n. A damson ; a plum,
DAM'ASK, 7i. Silk woven with raised flowers and
other figures; a kind of wrought linen; red
colour.
DAM'ASK, v. t. To weave into flowered work ; to
adorn steel with figures.
DAM-ASK-EEN', v. t. To inlay in iron or steel
with gold or silver wire, for ornament.
DAM'ASK-IN, 7i. A sabre manufactured at Da-
mascus.
DAME, n. A lady; a woman; a matron; a school-
mistress.
DAMEiS-Vl'O-LET, n. A perennial flower ; rocket,
or queen's gillyflower.
DAMN (dam), v. t. To sentence to eternal punish-
ment ; to condemn ; to reprobate.
DAM'NA-BLE, a. Worthy of damnation, or ex-
posing to it.
DAM'NA-BLY, ad. So as to incur or deserve dam-
nation.
DAM-NATION, n. Sentence to everlasting pun-
ishment in the future world ; condemnation.
DAM'NA-TO-EY, a. Tending to condemn.
DAMNED (damd), pp. Doomed to eternal pu-
nishment ; condemned ; a. [in serious d
pronounced damned], cursed; exploded; detest-
able.
DAM'XI-FY, v. t. To injure ; to damage ; to hurt.
DAM'NING. a. Exposing to reprobation or dam-
nation.
107 DAE
- -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DAMP, a. Moist ; humid ; watery ; depressed ; n.
moisture ; chill.
DAMP, v. t. To wet; to cast down ; to dispirit.
DAMP'EN (damp'pn), v. t. To make moist.
DAMP'ER, n. A valve to stop air in a furnace ; that
which checks; in a piano forte, a part covered
with soft leather to deaden the sound.
DAMPISH, a. Somewhat damp ; moist ; humid.
DAMP'NESS, 71. Moisture ; moderate humidity.
DAMPS, n. pi. Noxious exhalations.
DAlf'SEL, 7i. A young maiden or woman ; a girl.
DAM'SON (dam'zn), n. A small black plum.
DANCE (6), r. i. Primarily, to move briskly up and
down ; to leap ; to frisk ; to move with measured
steps, regulated by music ; v. t. to dandle.
DANCE, 71. In a general sense, a leaping and stepping
to the sound of music ; a frisking about ; a tune
for dancing.
DANCED (danst),pret. Mid pp. ofDAKCE.
DAN'CEE, 7i. One that dances.
DAN'CIXG, 7i. A moving up and down ; the mo-
tion of the feet to music.
DAN'CING-MA S-TEE, n. A teacher of da:
DAN'DE-LI-ON, n. A plant with a yellow flower
on a naked stalk.
DAN'DI-PEAT, 71. A little feUow ; an urchin.
DAN'DLE, v. t. To shake on the knee ; to fondle ;
to treat like a child.
DAN'DLEE, n. One that dandles ; a fondler.
DAN'DRUFF, n. A scaly scxurf on the head.
DAN'DY, 7i. A fop in dress ; a coxcomb.
DAN'DY-ISM, 71. The manners of a dandy.
DANE, 71. A native of Denmark.
DAN'GEE, 7i. Exposure to evil. SYX. Peril ; haz-
ard; risk; jeopardy. Danger is generic; peril
is instant or impending danger, as in peril of
one's life. Hazard (lit. a die or throw) arises
from something fortuitous or beyond our control,
as the hazard of the seas. Bisk (lit. daring) is
doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred vo-
luntarily, as to risk an engagement. Jeopardy
(literally jeu perdu, a lost game) is extreme dan-
ger.
DAN'GEE-OUS, a. Full of hazard; exposing to
loss ; perilous ; causing danger or risk.
D.\N'<';EE-OUS-LY, ad. With hazard; unsafely.
DANG'GLE (danggl), v. i. To hang loose and shak-
ing ; to follow ; to 1: ang on any one.
DAN G/ GLEE, n. One who lazily hangs about
women.
, ppr. or a. Hanging loose j follow-
ing.
DANISH, a. Belonging to the Danes.
DANISH, 71. The language of the Danes.
DANK, a. Moist; wettish; damp.
DANK, 7i. Moisture ; damp ; wetness.
DANK'ISH, a. Slightly damp; moist.
DAPH'NE, n. A plant ; the mezereou ; the laurel.
DAP'PEE, a. Little; active; brisk; neat.
DAP'PLE (dap pi), a. Of various colours ; spotted.
DAP'PLE, v. t. To spot ; to variegate with spots.
DAP'PLED (dap'pld), pp. or a. Variegated with
spots,
DAP'PLE-GEAY, n. Gray, streaked or spotted
with white, &c.
DAE-DA-NELLES', n. pi. Forts on the Straits of
the same name.
DARE (4), v. i. [pret. DCRST.] To have sufficient
courage ; to be bold enough ; to venture.
DARE, v. t. To challenge ; to provoke ; to defy ;
to terrify or amaze, as in bird-catching.
DAR'I, n. A gold or silver coin of Darius the
Mede.
DARING, a. Haying or showing great courage.
SYX. Fearless ; intrepid ; bold ; defiant ; brave.
DARK, a. Void of light ; wholly or partly black ;
full of mystery or gloom. SYN. Obscure ; myste-
rious; gloomy; blind.
)ARK. n. Absence of light; obscurity; gloomi-
ness ; secrecy.
DARK'EN (darTcn), v. t. To make dark ; to dim ;
to perplex ; to sully.
BAR
108
DEA
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
DARK'EN, v. t. To grow dark ; to become less
clear.
DARK'ISH, a. Rather dark ; dusky.
DARK'LING, o. In poetry, being in the dark.
DARK'LY, ad. Dimly ; blindly ; not clearly.
DARK'NESS, n. Want of light ; ignorance ; se
crecy or privacy ; great trouble ; impurity ; the
kingdom of Satan. SYN. Dimness ; obscurity ,
gloom. Darkness arises from a total, and dimness
from a partial want of light. A thing is obscure
when so overclouded or covered as not to be
easily perceived. As the shade or obscurity in
creases, it deepens into gloom. When taken
figuratively, these words have a like use, as the
darfcness of ignorance dimness of discernment
obscurity of reasoning gloom of superstition.
DARK'SOME (dark'sum), a. Void of light ; gloomy.
DAR'LING, a. Dearly beloved; n. one greatly
beloved ; a favourite.
DARN, v. t. To mend holes or rents in clothes.
DARN, n. A part mended by darning.
DAR'NEL, n. A kind of grass of the genus lolium;
tare.
DARN'ING, n. Act of mending holes.
DART, n. A pointed missile weapon.
DART, v. t. To throw suddenly or rapidly, as a
dart. SYN. To emit ; shoot ; send forth ; v. i. to
fly or shoot as a dart ; to start, spring forth, or
run rapidly.
DART'ER, n. One who throws a dart; a species
of pelican, so called from its mode of seizing fish.
DASH, v. t. To strike against ; to blot out ; to mix ;
to break up ; to confuse.
DASH, v. i. To scatter; to rush violently and
break through.
DASH, n. A stroke ; slight infusion ; a mark ( )
denoting a break in a sentence.
DASH'-BOARD, n. A board on the forepart of a
chaise or other vehicle to protect from mud, &c.
DASH'ING, a. Rushing; blustering; precipitate;
foppish.
DAS'TARD, n. One who meanly shrinks from
danger. SYN. A coward; poltroon; craven.
See COWARD.
DAS'TARD, a. Meanly shrinking from danger;
cowardly.
DASTARD-IZE, v. t. To make cowardly. ; :
DAS'TARD-LY, a. Cowardly ; meanly timid.
DA'TA, n. pi. Things given for finding results.
DATE, n. The day or time of an event or transac-
tion; the fruit of the date or palm-tree. SYN.
Period ; era ; epoch ; occasion.
DATE, v. t. To note the time of an act or event ;
v. i. to begin ; to originate.
DATE'LESS, a. Having no date mentioned.
DATE'-TREE, n. The great palm which bears
dates.
DA'TlVE, n. The third of the six Latin cases ; a .
relating to the dative case ; in one's gift.
DA'TUM, n. ; pi. DA'TA. [L.] Something given or
admitted ; a fact given for finding results.
DAUB, v. t. To smear with mortar, mud, or foul
matter ; to paint coarsely ; to lay on without
taste ; v. i. to practise gross flattery ; to flatter.
DAUB, n. A coarse painting.
DAUB'ER, n. One that smears ; a poor painter ; a
low flatterer.
DAUB'ING, n. Coarse painting ; gross flattery.
DAUB'Y, a. Sticky ; slimy ; glutinous.
DAUGH'TER (dau'ter), n. A female child or off-
spring ; woman. Daughter-in-law, a son's wife.
DAUGH'TER-LY, a. Becoming a daughter.
DAUNT (dant), v. t. To check by fear of danger.
SYN. To intimidate; terrify; appal; dismay;
frighten ; discourage. See DISMAY.
DAUNT'LESS, o. Fearless; bold; unappalled.
DAU'PHLN, n. The eldest son of the king of
France.
DAUTHIN-ESS, n. The wife or widow of the
dauphin.
DAVIT, n. A piece of timber or iron, with tackles
for hoisting up a boat or anchor.
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BlBD; M5VB,
DAW, n. The name of a bird; the jackdaw.
DAWDLE, v. i. To waste or trifle away tit je.
DAWN, v. i. To begin to grow light ; to begin t<
open and give promise, as the understanding 01
character.
DAWN, n. The break of day ; first appearance ;
beginning light.
DAWN'ING, a. Expanding ; opening ; n. fi rst op^>
ing or appearance.
DAY, n. The time from sunrise to sunset; the
twenty -four hours ; light ; period ; fixed time :
time of commemorating any event.
DAY'-BQQK, n. A journal of accounts; recorl for
the day.
DAY'BREAK, n. The first appearance of day.
DAY' BY DAY, ad. Every day ; continually.
DAY'-DREAM, n. A vision to the waking senses.
DAY'-LA'BOUR, n. Labour done or paid for by the
day.
DAY'-LA-BOUR-ER, n. One who works or is paid
by the day.
DAY'LIGHT (-lite), n. The light of the sun; while
the sun shines.
DAY or DAYS OF GRACE, n. In fheologj, the
time of mercy for sinners ; in commerce or ex-
change, usiially three days for payment of a note
after it is due.
DAYS'MAN, n. An umpire ; a mediator.
DAY'SPRING, n. The beginning of dawn. [cifer.
DAY'-STAR, n. The morning star; Venus ; Lu-
DAY'S'-WCJRK, n. Work by the day ; the reckon-
ing of a ship's course for 24 hours from noon to
noon.
DAYTIME, n. The time when the sun gives light.
DAZE, v. t. To dazzle; n. a glittering stone
DAZ'ZLE, v. t. To overpower with light ; v. i. to
be overpowered with light ; to waver.
DAZ'ZLED (daz'zld), a. Overpowered with light;
made unsteady.
DAZ'ZLING-LY, ad. In a dazzling manner
DE, a prefix, denotes from, or separation j hence
used to give a negative sense to words.
DEACON (de'kn), n. One of the lower order oi
clergy ; an olficer who attends to the secular a {fairs
of the church ; the master of an incorporated
company.
DEA'eON-ESS (deTm-ess), n. A female deacon in
the primitive church.
DA'ON-RY, } M5/tT1 ^ \n. The office, dignity,
DEA'ON-SHIP, $ t ae * n v>J or ministry of a
deacon.
DEAD (dSd),o. Destitute of life ; impotent; mo-
tionless ; tasteless ; without grace ; complete, as-:
a dead level.
DEAD (d6d), n. The dead ; time or depth of still-
ness or gloom, as dead of night or winter; death.
SYN. Stillness; gloom; silence.
DEAD'-BEAT, n. An escapement in a watch or
clock that lessens the effect of the wheel on the
balance or pendulum.
DE AD'-COL-OUR-ING, n. The first layer of colours
in a picture ; a shade of gray.
DEAD'EN (dgd'dn), v. t. To weaken; to retard;
to make tasteless.
DEAD'-EYES, n. Round flattish blocks, with three
holes, to receive the lanyard.
DfiAD'-LET-TER, n. A letter not delivered or
called for, and sent back to the General Post
Office. [less exigency.
)EAD'-LlFT, n. Lifting at disadvantage ; a hope-
DEAD'-LIGHT (dfid'-llte), n. A strong shutter ibr
a cabin-window in a storm.
DEAD'LY (d6d-), a. Adapted or designed to kill.
SYN. Mortal; fatal; implacable.
DEAD'LY, ad. So as to resemble death.
DEAD'- MARCH, n. Solemn music at a burial.
DEAD'NESS, n. Want of life or spirit ; vapidness ;
indifference ; alienation.
DEAD-RECK'ON-ING (ded-rek'n-ing), n. An ac-
count of the distance a ship has made, or her
plor.e bv the log, without an observation of the
heavenly bodies.
DEA
109
DEC
D6VE, WQLF, B(?OK ; R^LE, BTJLL ; Tl"CIOT7S.'
DEAD'-WA-TER, n. The eddy or little whirlpool
that closes behind a ship as she advances.
DEAD'-WEIGHT, n. A heavy burden ; weight of
a slaughtered animal.
DEAF (def, in America deef), a. Not perceiving
sounds ; wanting the sense of hearing ; unwilling
to hear or receive.
DEAF'EN (deffn), v. t. To make deaf; to stun
with a loud noise ; to render a floor or wall im-
pervious to sound by filling in mortar, &c.
DEAF'NESS (d6f ness), n. The want of the sense
of hearing ; unwillingness to hear or notice.
DEAL, n. A part ; quantity ; art or act of dealing
cards ; boards, &c.
DEAL, v. t. [pret and pp. DEALT.] To distribute ;
to divide ; v. i. to negotiate ; to traffic, followed
by with.
DEAL'EE, n. One who deals ; a trader.
DEAL'ING, n. Intercourse of business or friend-
ship ; distributing of cards. SYN. Conduct; treat-
ment; deportment; traffic; commerce.
DEA1ST, 7i. An ecclesiastical dignitary in cathedral
and collegiate churches ; the head of a chapter ;
a college officer.
DEAN'EE-Y, n. The office or mansion of a dean.
DEAN'SHIP, n. The office of a dean.
DEAR, a. Costly; of high price; beloved; a per-
son beloved ; darling.
DEAE'-BOUGHT, a. Purchased at a high rate.
DEAE'EST, n. A term denoting an object of the
tenderest affection ; a. of the highest price or va-
lue ; most beloved.
DEAE'LY, ad. At a high price ; with fondness.
DEAE'NESS, n. Scarcity; high price; tender af-
fection.
DEAETH (derth), n. Great scarcity; barrenness.
DEATH (d5th), n. The extinction of lite ; mortal-
ity ; manner of dying ; state of the dead ; perdi-
tion. STN. Decease ; demise ; departure ; release.
Death applies to every form of existence ; the
other words only to the human race. Decease
(deccssus) is the term used in law for the removal
of a human being out of life ; demise was formerly
confined to the decease of princes, but is some-
times used of distinguished men, as the demise ot
Mr. Pitt ; departure, release, sleep, and rest, are
peciiliarly terms of Christian affection and hope.
D ATH'-BED, n. The bed or place where one dies ;
a. dying.
DEATH'LESS, a. Never dying ; immortal.
DEATH'LIKE, a. Eesembling death, or a dead
body; gloomy.
DEATH'-EAT-TLE, a. A noise in the throat of
one dying.
DEATH' S'-DOOE, n. A near approach to death.
DEATH'S'-MAN, n. An executioner.
DEATH'-WAE-EANT, n. The order for execution
of one sentenced to death.
DEATH'-WATCH (duth'-wutch), n. A small in-
sect, whose noise, like the ticking of a watch, is
Buperstitiously imagined to forbode death.
DE-BA'-GLE, n. A flood that breaks down barriers
and hurls forward debris.
DE-BAE', v. t. To bar out ; to cut off from access
or enjoyment. STN. To exclude; preclude; hin-
der ; deprive of.
DE-BAEK', v. t. To land from a ship or boat ; v. i.
to leave a ship and go to land.
DE-BAEK-A'TION, n. The act of disembarking.
DE-BASE', v. t. To bring low ; to reduce from a
higher to a lower state of value. SYN. To viti-
ate ; degrade ; adulterate ; depress ; humble.
DE-BASE'MENT, n. Act of debasing; degrada-
tion.
DE-BAS'EE, n. Ono who debases or adulterates.
DE-BAS'ING, ppr. or a. Adapted or tending to
lower or degrade.
DE-BAT' A-BLE, a. Disputable ; that may be contro-
verted ; subject to denial.
DE-BATE', v. t. To contend for in argument; v. i.
to turn over in the mind ; to examine arguments.
. To dispute ; discuss ; argue.
-e as K ; 6 0,3 J ; s a3 z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DE-BATE', n. Public discussion ; dispute ; strife ;
the power of being questioned ; report of argu-
ment, also DEBATES.
DE-BAT'EE, n. One who argues or disputes; a
controvertist.
DE-BATING SO-CI'E-TY, n. An association for
improvement in public discussion.
DE-BAUCH', n. Excess in eating and drinking;
lewdness ; intemperance.
DE-BAUCH', v. t. To seduce ; to corrupt ; to viti-
ate.
DEB-AU-CHEE'(deb-o-shee'),n. A rake; drunkard.
DE-BAUCH'EE, n. A person who debauches.
DE-BAUCH'EE-Y, 71. Intemperance ; lewdness.
DE-BAUCH'MENT, n. Act of vitiating or de-
bauching ; act of seducing from virtue.
DE-BENT'CTEE (de-bSnt'ynr), n. A writing which
is evidence of a debt ; certificate of drawback.
DE-BENT'CEED (-bent-yurd), a. A term applied
to goods entitled to a drawback.
DEB'lLE (deVil), o. Eelaxed; feeble ; faint.
DE-BlL'I-TATE, v. t. To make feeble. SYN. To
weaken ; enfeeble ; relax ; enervate ; bring low.
DE-BlL'I-TY, n. Weakness of body or mind.
SYN. Infirmity ; imbecility. An infirmity belongs,
for the most part, to individual members, and is
often temporary, as of the eyes, &c. ; debility is
more general, and prevents, while it lasts, the
ordinary functions of nature ; imbecility attaches
to the whole frame, and renders it more or less
powerless. These words, in their figurative uses,
have the same distinctions ; we speak of infirmity
of will, debility of intellect, and an imbecility which
affects the whole man.
DEBIT, 7i. The debtor side of account-books ;
money due.
DEB'IT v. t. To charge with debt ; to enter on the
debit side of accounts.
DEB-ON-NAIE', o. Elegant ; well-bred ; gay.
DE-BOUCH' (de-boosh'), v. i. To march out of a
wood, narrow pass, or defile.
DE-BOU-CKURE' (da-boo-shure'), n. The mouth of
a river.
DE'BRIS' (daTjree'), n. [IV. ] Euins ; fragments of
rocks ; wreck of a routed army.
DEBT (dSt), 7i. What one owes to another ; guilt ;
crime.
DEBT-EE' (det-ee'), n. One to whom a debt is due.
DEBT'LESS, a. Free from debt.
DEBT'OE, n. One who owes another or is bound to
do something.
DE'BUT (da/bu'), n. [JY.] A first appearance as an
actor or public speaker ; a beginning.
DE-BU-TANT, ~) ,-,- , ... ,, ( n. tFr.l One who
DE-BU-TANTE'J ^a-bu-tangO, { makes his or her
first appearance before the public.
DE'A-DAL, a. Pertaining to ten.
D!'ADE, n. The sum or number of ten.
Sfcate
decline -
DE'A-GON, 11. A figure of ten sides and angles.
DE'A-(>YiSr, 71. A plant having ten pistils.
DE-A-HE'DEAL, a. Having ten sides.
DE6-A-HE DEON, n. A figure with ten sides.
DE'A-Li-TEE, n. A French liquid measure con-
taining ten litres, or about twelve quarts and a
half, wine measure. [logue.
DE-'AL'O-GlST, 7i. One who explains the deca-
DE'A-LOGUE (d6k'a-log), n. The ten command-
ments.
DE-AM'E-EON, n. A volume consisting of ten
books.
DEG'A-ME-TRE, n. A French measure of length,
being ten metres, about thirty-three feet.
DE-GAMP', v. i. To remove from a camp ; to de-
part.
DE-AMP1MENT, n. Act of shifting a camp;
moving off.
DE-ANG'GU-LAE (-ang'gu-lar), a. Having ten
angles.
DE-ANT / , v. t. To pour off or out a liquid from
the sediment.
DEO 110
1, S, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
DE-CANT- A'TION. n. The act of decanting.
DE-CANT'ER, n. A glass vessel for liquors.
DE- AFI-TATE, v. t. To cut off the head ; to de-
collate.
DE-AP-I-TA'TION, n. The act of beheading
DE'A-POD, n. An animal with ten feet.
DE-AR-BON-I-ZA'TION, n. The process of free-
ing a substance of its carbon.
DE-GAR'BON-IZE, v. t. To free from carbon.
DEC'A-STi'LE, n. A portico with ten columns in
front.
DE-A-SYL-LAB'K), o. Having ten syllables.
DE--GAY', n. Literally, a falling off ; a failure or
wasting away, as of health, fortune, &c. SYN.
Decline. Decay is stronger than decline. What
is declining leans towards a fall; what is decaying
is on the way to destruction.
DE-OAY', v. i. To decline; to wither; to fail; to
perish.
DE-GAY'ING, a. Subject to failure; liable to
perish. [DEATH.
DE-CEASE', n. Departure from life ; death. See
DE-CEASE'', v. i. To depart from life ; to die.
DE-CEASED' (-seesf), a. Departed from life ;
dead.
DE-CEIT (-seef), n. Literally, a catching ; hence,
the misleading or over-reaching of a person ; de-
vice intended to mislead. SYN. Duplicity ; guile ;
fraud ; artifice. See DECEPTION.
DE-CEITFUL, a. Given to deception ; insincere.
DE-CEIT'FUL-LY, ad. In a deceitful manner.
DE-CEIT'FUL-NESS, n. Disposition to deceive.
DE-CEIVA-BLE, a. That may be deceived.
DE-CEIVE', v. t. To mislead intentionally; to
frustrate. SYN. To delude ; beguile ; cheat ;
mock ; fail.
DE-CEIVED' (de-seevd'), pp. or a. Misled; im-
posed on ; cheated.
DE-CEIV'ER, n. One that deceives or misleads.
SYN. Impostor. A deceiver operates by stealth
and in private ; an impostor practises his arts on
the community at large. The one succeeds by
artful falsehood, the other by bold assumption.
DE-CEM'BER, n. The last month of the year.
DE-CEM'PE-DAL, a. Ten feet in length.
DE-CEM'VIR, n. ; pi. DE-CEM'VI-RI or DE-CEM'VIRS.
One of ten Roman rulers whose authority was ab-
solute for two years.
DE-CEM'VI-RAL, a. Pertaining to the decemvirs.
DE-CEM'VI-RATE, n. Government by ten rulers.
DE'CEN-CY, n. "What is becoming ; fitness ; pro-
priety; modesty.
DE-CEN'NA-RY, n. A term of ten years.
DE-CEN'NI-AL, a. Continuing for or happening
every ten years.
DE'CENT, a. Suitable or becoming in words, con-
duct, dress, behaviour, &c. ; in popular langitage,
moderate but competent. SYN. Proper; comely;
seemly ; fit.
D'CENT-LY, ad. Fitly; modestly; with pro-
priety.
DE-CEP-TI-BlLTTY, n. The quality or state of
being liable to be deceived.
DE-CEP'TI-BLE, a. Liable to be deceived.
DE-CEP'TION (-sgp'sbun), n. Act of deceiving ;
state of being deceived or misled. SYN. Deceit ;
fraud ; imposition. Deception usually refers to
the act, and deceit to the habit of the mind ; hence
we speak of a person as skilled in deception and
addicted to deceit. An imposition is an act of de-
ception practised upon some one to his annoyance
or injury ; a fraud implies the use of stratagem,
with a view to some unlawful gain or advantage.
DE-CEPTlVE, a. Liable or tending to deceive;
deceitful ; false ; treacherous.
DE-CHARM' v. t. To disenchant; to remove a
spell.
DE-HRlSTIAN-lZE (-krfst'yan-), v. t. To tur.i
from Christianity, or Christian belief.
DE-CIDE', v. t. To fix the event of; to deter-
mine by authority ; to bring to an end. SYN. To
finish ; conclude ; settle ; restore.
DEC
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TERM; MARINE, BteD; *5vE,
DE-CID'ED, a. Being decisive ; firm ; unequivocal.
DE-CID'ED-LY, ad. With determination; abso-
lutely ; clearly ; indisputably.
DEC'I-DENCE, n. A falling off.
DE-CID'0-OUS (de-sid'yii-us), a. falling in au-
tumn, as leaves.
DE-ClL'LION, n. In English, a unit with sixty ci-
phers ; in French, with thirty -three.
DEC'I-MAL (dt's'e-mal), a. Numbered by ten ; in-
creasing or diminishing bv tens ; n. a tenth.
DEC'I-MATE, v. t. To take the tenth : a tithe.
DEC-I-MATION, n. The act of taking the tenth.
DEC'I-MO-SEX'TO, n. A book shaped like a duo-
decimo, and next smaller in size ; originally, it
had 16 leaves to a sheet, and hence the name ;
semi-octavo.
DE-CI'PHER, v. t. To explain ciphers ; to tinfold ;
to unravel what is intricate.
DE-CI'PHER-ER, n. One who finds out or ex-
plains what is written in ciphers.
DE-Cl'PHER-ING, n. The act of explaining or un-
folding.
DE-CIS'ION (-sYzh'un), n. Determination; prompt-
ness or firmness in determining ; report of opi-
nions of a court, &c. - SYN. Resolution ; conclu-
sion ; judgment: sentence. See DETERMINATION.
DE-CI'S1VE, a. That ends or settles a question.
DE-CI'SO-RY, a. Tending to decide; final.
DECK, v. t. Primarily, to cover ; to dress ; to
adorn ; to set off ; to furnish with a deck.
DECK, n. The covering or floor of a ship ; a pile ol
cards.
DECK ER, n. A person who adorns ; of a ship, two
or three decker, i.e., having two or three decks.
DECK'ING, n, Ornament; embellishment.
DE--GLAIM', v. i. To speak an oration; to speak
with inflation of style and manner.
DECLAIM' ANT, ') n. One who declaims ; a speaker
DE-CLAIM'ER, $ in public.
DE-LAIM'ING, n. The act of speaking in public;
a loud harangue.
DE-LA-MA'TION, n. A speech in public; ha-
rangue ; discourse addressed to the passions.
DE-GLAM'A-TO-RY, a. Partaking of declamation ;
rhetorical ; without solid sense or argument.
DE-LAR'A-BLE, a. That may be made known or
asserted.
DE!-LA-RATION, n. Affirmation ; assertion ;
proclamation ; expression of promises, &c.
DE-LAR'A-TlVE, a. That declares or proclaims ;
making manifestation ; explanatory.
DE-LAR'A-TO-RY, a. Affirmative; proclaiming;
expressive.
DE-^LARE' (4), v. t. To make plain ; to aflirm ; to
say ; to tell ; to assert ; v. i. to make known an
opinion ; to set forth reasons ; to show the issue ;
to decide in favour of.
DE-LAR'ED-LY, ad. Avowedly; explicitly.
DE-LEN'SION, n. Act of declining ; decay ; cor-
ruption of morals ; inflection of nouns by cases, &c.
DE-LIN'A-BLE, a. That may be declined or va-
ried, [earth.
D'LI-NATE, a. Curving ; bending toward th.3
DE-LI-NA'TION, n. A leaning; declension; de-
cay. In astronomy, distance of any celestial ob-
ject from the equinoctial line north or south.
DE-L1N'A-TO-RY, a. Tending to shun ; avoiding.
DE-LIN'A-TORE, it. A declining; act of non-
acceptance.
DE-L1NE', v. i. To lean ; to deviate ; to fail ; to
decay ; v. t. to shun ; to refuse ; to inflect words
by cases, &c.
DECLINE', n. Literally, a leaning; hence, a fall-
ing off; tendency to a lower or worse state. STN.
Decay ; consumption. The first stage of the
downward progress is decline; decay follows,
tending to ultimate destruction; consumption is
steady decay from an inward wasting of strength.
DE'-LI-NOM'E-TER, n. An instrument for meas-
uring the variations of the magnetic needle.
DE-LlV'I-TOUS, a. Descending downwards ;
sloping ; not precipitous,
DEC
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE,
111
DEE
J Vl"CIOUS -6 aS K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH J THI9.
DE-LlV'I-TY, n. Inclination downward; grad-
ual descent.
DE-'pT', v. t. To boil; to seethe; to extract by
boiling ; to digest.
DE-(">T'I-BLE, a. That may be boiled.
DE--e(>e'TION (kok'shun), n. Act of boiling ; ex-
tract obtained by boiling 1 .
DE-<')L'LATE, v. t. To behead ; to decapitate.
DE-OL'OUR, ) (-kttl'ur), v. t. To deprive of
DE-(')L'OUR-IZE, ) colour ; to bleach.
DE-GOL'OR-ANT, n. A substance which removes
colour, or bleaches.
DE-GOM-POSE', v. t. To separate constituent
parts ; to dissolve or disunite substances chemi-
cally combined.
DE-OM-POS'iTE, a. Compounded a second time
either of simples or compounds.
DE-eOM-PO-Si"TION (-zish'un), n. Resolution
into constituent parts or forces.
DE-OM-POUND', v. t. To compound a second
time ; to mix again.
DE-OM-POUND', a. Compounded again.
DE-OM-POUND'A-BLE, a. That may be com-
pounded again.
DE'O-RATE, v. t. To beautify by adding attrac-
tive qualities. SYN. To adorn; embellish; en-
rich ; ornament. See ADORN.
DE-0-RA'TION, n. Act of adorning ; that, which
decorates or renders attractive. SYN. Embellish-
ment; ornament; garniture.
D'O-RA-TlVE, a. Fitted to adorn. pishes.
DE'O-RA-TOR, n. One who beautifies or embel-
DE'-eO'ROUS, a. Decent ; becoming ; suitable.
DE-eOR'TI-ATE, v. t. To bark; to strip off, as
bark ; to peel.
DE-CO'RUM, n. Propriety of speech or behaviour ;
good order. SYN. Dignity. Decorum is that
which is becoming in outward act or appearance ;
dignity springs from an inward elevation of soul
producing a correspondent effect on the manners.
The decorum of a public assembly ; the dignity of
the men who compose it. [mislead.
DE-OY', v. t. To allure into a snare or net ; to
DE-OY', n. A lure to catch fowls; the place for
catching.
DE-OY'-DtlCK:, n. A duck used to lead others
into a net, &c. ; hence, a person employed to
decoy others.
DE-REASE', v. t. To make less ; to bring down,
as a debt, &c,
DECREASE', v. i. To grow less ; to fall off grad-
ually. SYN. Diminish. Things usually decrease
or fall off by degrees, and from within, or through
some cause which is imperceptible; as the flood
decreases; the cold decreases; their affection has
decreased. Things commonly diminish or are di-
.' ed by an action from without, or one which
is apparent ; as the army was diminished by dis-
ease; his property is Aimvrvishvng through extra-
vagance; their affection has diminished since
their separation. The turn of thought, however,
is often such that these words may be inter-
changed.
DE-REASE', n. A becoming less; gradual dimi-
nution ; decay.
DE-REE', v. t. To determine judicially ; to re-
solve by sentence ; to make an edict ; to fix or ap-
point.
DE-CREE', n. An order or decision made by a
court or other competent authority. SYN. Edict;
ordinance.
DE-6'RE-MENT, n. Docrease ; diminution.
DE-REP'IT, a. Wasted and worn by age; in-
firm.
DE-REP'IT-ATE, v. t. To roast in a strong heat
with crackling ; v. i. to crackle in the fire, as
Baits do.
DE-GREP-IT-A'TION, n. The separation of parts
with a crackling noise occasioned by heat.
DE-RKP'IT-NESS, ") n. Broken or infirm state of
DE-KP'IT-0DE, > the body from decay and
ft
DE-GRES'CENT, a. Decreasing; growing less.
DE-RE'TAL, a. Containing a decree.
DE-CRE'TAL, n. An authoritative order ; a letter
of the Pope ; book of decrees.
DE-RE'TIST, n. One who studies or who as-
sunies to know the decretals.
DE-RE'TlVE, a. Having the force of a decree.
DE-6'RE-TO-RY, a. Established by decree ; final.
DE-Rl'AL, ii. A crying down ; a clamorous cen-
sure ; condemnation by censure.
DE-!RIED (-krlde'), PP- or a. Cried down; cen-
sured.
DE-Rl'ER, n. One who decries or censures.
DE-RUST-A'TION, n. The removal of a crust
from.
DE--GRY', v. t. To cry down; to rail at. SYN.
Depreciate ; detract ; disparage. Decry and de-
preciate refer to the estimation in which a thing
is held, the former seeking to cry it down, and the
latter to run it down in the opinion of others.
Detract and disparage refer to merit or value,
which the former assails with cavilling, &c., while
the latter wilfully underrates and seeks to degrade
it. Men decry their rivals and depreciate theii
measures. The envious detract from the merit oi
a good action, and disparage the motives of him
who performs it.
DE-tJ-B A'TION, n. The act of lying down.
DE-GtM'BEXCE, In. The act or posture of lying
DE-UM'BEN-CY, f down.
DE--GCMBENT, a. Lying down ; bending doAvn.
Dfi-e'C-PLE (dek'yu-pl), a. Tenfold; repeated ten
times.
DE'C-PLE, n. A number repeated ten times;
v. t. to make tenfold.
DE-C'RI-ON, n. A commander often men.
DE-^OR'RENT, a. Extending downward.
DE-UR'SION (-kur'shun), n. Act of running
down.
DE-URT' v. t. To shorten by cutting off.
DE-eUS'SATE, v. t. To intersect at acute angles.
DE-eUS-SA'TION, n. A crossing at unequal
angles ; a crossing in the form of an X.
DED'A-LOUS. See D.ZEDALOUS.
DE-DE'O-ROUS, a. Disgraceful; shameful; un-
becoming.
DED'I-!ATE, r. t. To set apart solemnly to some
use; to inscribe. See DEVOTE.
DED-I-ATION, n. Consecration; address in-
scribed.
DEDT-A-TOR, 11. One who dedicates or inscribes.
DEDT-CA-TO-RY, a. Forming a dedication.
DE-DUCE', v. t. To draw, as an inference ; to con-
clude from reaso;
DE-DUCE'MENT, n. Inference; what is collected
from premises ; the thing deduced.
DE-DC'CI-BLE, a. That may be inferred.
DE-DU'CIVE, a. Performing the act of deduction ;
tending to deduce.
DE-DCT', i'. t. To subtract ; to take from ; to
separate or remove.
DE-DL Y 'TION, n. The act of deducting ; an abate-
ment ; an inference deduced from premises.
SYN. Discount; diminution; conclusion.
DE-D0T'iVE, a. That is or may be deduced.
DEED, n. That which is done ; act ; performance ;
a writing which conveys real estate. SYN. Ex-
ploit ; achievement ; i
DEED'LESS, a. Without exploits; inactive.
DEEM, v. t. To think ; to judsre ; to conclude.
DEEMED (deemd), pp. Judged; supposed;
thought; regarded.
DEEP, a. Far down ; at the bottom ; profound ;
secret ; sagacious ; intricate ; dark ; hidden.
DEEP, n. The sea ; an abyss ; still part, as deep of
night.
UEEP'EN (de'pn), v. t. To make more deep; v. i.
to become or grow deep.
DEEP'LY, ad. To a low degree; greatly; pro-
foundly.
MOUTHED (-mouthd), a. Making a loud
hoarse sound.
DEE
112
DEF
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., s7iort CARE, FAB, LAST, PALL, WHAT ; THRE, TKRM; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE.
DEEP'-MUS-ING, a. Lost in thought ; pensive ;
sad.
DEEP'-READ (deep'rM), o. Profoundly versed.
DEEP'- WAIST-ED, a. In a ship, where the quarter-
deck and forecastle are raised four feet or more
ahove the main deck.
DEEE, n. sing, and pi. A ruminating quadruped
of the genus cervus, which sheds its antlers, kept
or hunted for venison.
DEER'STALK-ING, n. Lying in wait or under
cover, to shoot deer.
DE-FACE', v. t. To disfigure ; to erase ; to mar.
DE-FACE'MENT, n. Injury to the surface ; ob-
literation ; rasure ; that which mars beauty.
DE-FAC'ER, n. One that mars or spoils.
DE-FAL'-GATE, v. t. To lop off; to take away.
DE-FAL-A'TION, n. A cutting off; decrease;
deficit of funds ; that which is cut off.
DEF-A-MA'TION, n. The utterance of falsehood
against one ; detraction ; reproach.
DE-FAM'A-TO-RY, o. Calumnious ; scandaliz-
ing.
DE-FAME', v. t. To speak evil of falsely. SYN.
To calumniate ; asperse ; vilify.
DE-FAM'ER, n. One that slanders.
DE-FAULT', n. Failure ; omission ; defect ; non-
appearance of a defendant.
DE-FAULT', v. t. To call in court, and record for
not appearing ; v. i. to fail in a contract.
DE-FAULT'ER, n. One who fails to pay or to ac-
count for public money.
DE-FEAS'ANCE (-fe'zance), n. An annulling or
making void ; a writing which thus annuls.
DE-FEAS'I-BLE, a. That may be annulled.
DE-FEAT', n. Overthrow; loss of battle ; success-
ful resistance ; frustration.
DE-FEAT', v. t. To overcome, as an army ; to re-
sist with success ; to render null and void. STN.
To conquer ; subdue ; overpower ; rout ; put to
flight ; frustrate ; foil ; discomfit ; baffle.
DF'E--eATE, v. t. To purify, as liquors, from foul
matter ; to refine ; to clarify.
DEF'E-ATE, ) a. Purified ; freed from lees or
DEF'E--eA-TED,f foulness.
DE-FE-GT', n. A want or deficiency. SYN. Fault.
Defect is negative, denoting the absence of that
which is necessary to a thing's completeness or
perfection ; fault is positive, denoting something
improper or wrong. The faults of a friend are too
often palliated into mere defects.
DE-FETION, n. A failure ; falling away ; revolt.
DE-FfiT'iVE, a. Wanting in some important
respect ; imperfect. There is the same difference
between defective and faulty as between defect and
fault.
DE-FT'IVE-LY, ad. Imperfectly.
DE-FENCE', n. Protection from injury ; resist-
ance ; vindication. See DEFENSE.
DE-FEND', v. t. To guard from injury; to main-
tain uninjured. SYN. To protect. To defend is
literally to ward, off ; to protect is to cover over.
We defend those who are attacked ; we protect
those who are liable to injury or invasion. A
fortress is defended by its guns, and protected by
its walls. See also VINDICATE.
DE-FEND', v. i. To make opposition.
DE-FEND'A-BLE, a. That may be defended.
DE-FEND' ANT, n. One who defends. In law, the
party accused or who denies a complaint, demand,
or charge ; a. proper for defence ; making defence.
DE-FEND'ER, n. One who guards or vindicates.
DE-FEN'SA-TIVE, n. Any thing that serves as a
defence ; a bandage or plaster for a wound.
DE-FENSE', n. Protection from injury ; vindica-
tion. [This spelling is preferable to the common
one, defence, because the leading derivatives have
s and not c ; as defensive, defensible, &c.] SYN.
Justification; plea; apology.
DE-FENSE'LESS, o. Being without defence ; un-
armed.
DE-FENSTVE, a. Adapted to protect; that de-
fends : n. that which defends ; safcimard.
DE-FER' (13), v. t. To put off; v. i. to yield to an-
other ; to submit to one's opinion. SYN. To de-
lay ; postpone ; adjourn.
DEF'ER-ENCE, n. A deferring or yielding to the
judgment or wishes of another. SYN. Respect.
Deference usually, but not always, implies re-
spect. We may defer on some one point to a
man who knows better than we do, while we have
no general respect for his character.
DEF'ER-ENT, n. That which carries or conveys.
DEF'ER-ENT, a. Bearing ; conveying.
DEF-ER-EN'TIAL, a. Expressing deference.
DE-F1'ANCE, n. An invitation to combat ; con-
tempt of danger. SYN. Challenge ; daring ; brav-
ery.
DE-FI"CIEN-CY (fish'en-sy), "> n. A falling short :
DE-FI"CIENCE (fish'ense), j imperfection.
DE-FPCIENT (-fish'ent), a. Falling short. SYN.
Wanting ; defective ; imperfect.
DEF'1-CIT, n. [L.] Want; deficiency.
DE-FI'ER, n. One who dares another to combat.
DE-FILE', n. A narrow passage, as between hills,
as if for a single file.
DE-FILE', y. t. To pollute ; to corrupt ; v. t. to
march off in a line, or file by file ; to file off.
DE-FILED 7 (-filed') o. Polluted; corrupted; vio-
lated.
DE-FILETVTENT, n. The act or state of being de-
filed ; pollution ; corruption.
DE-FIL'ER, n. One who pollutes or defiles.
DE-FINE', v. t. Literally, to mark the limits of;
to fix the sense of, as to define a word ; to explain
clearly. SYN. To determine; limit; ascertain;
mark out ; describe.
DE-FlN'ER, n. He who ascertains, explains, or
marks the limits.
DEF'I-NITE, a. Having precise limits; settled
with precision. SVN. Certain; determinate; exact;
clear ; precise.
DEF'I-NlTE-LY, ad. With certain limitation ; with
precision.
DEF-I-Ni"TIONT (-nfsh'un), . A brief statement
showing the essential properties of a thing or the
exact meaning of a word. SYN. Explanation;
description. A definition (lit., tracing of limits)
is designed to settle a thing in its compass and
extent; an explanation (lit., making plain) is in-
tended to remove some obscurity or misunder-
standing, and is therefore more extended and
minute ; a description enters into striking parti-
culars with a view to interest or impress by
graphic effect.
DE-FIN'I-TIVE, o. Determinate; final.
DE-FlN'I-TlVE, n. An adjective that explains or
limits the signification of words.
DE-FLA'GRA-BLE, o. Combustible.
DEF'LA-GRATE, v. t. To burn; to consume.
DEF-LA-GRA'TION, n. A consuming by fire; a
sudden and sparkling combustion.
DEF'LA-GRA-TOR, n. A galvanic instrument foi
producing rapid and powerful combustion.
DE-FLET', v. i. To turn from or aside ; to cle
viate ; v. t. to bend or turn from a right line.
DE-FLE'TION (-flek'shun), n. A turning from a
right line.
DE-FLEX'URE (-flek'shur), n. A turning aside ; a
bending down ; deviation.
DEF-LO-RA'TION, n. Act of depriving of prime
beauties ; violation of chastity.
DE-FLOUR', \ v. t. To take away prime beau-
DE-FLOWER', $ ties ; to deprive of virtue ; to
ravish.
DE-FLOX'ION (-flvik'shun), n. A flowing down or
off, as of humours.
DEF-CE-DA'TION, n. Act of making filthy.
DE-FO-LI-A'TION, n. The falling of leaves ; shed-
ding of leaves.
DE-FORCE', v. t. To disseize and hold by wrong.
DE-FORCE'MENT, n. The holding of lands by
wrong.
DE-FOR'CIANT (-for'shant), n. He that keeps cut
of possession the rightful owner of an estate.
DEF
113
DEL
DOVB, WOLF,
'; KL'LE, BrLL; Vl"CIOUF,
DE-FORM', v. t. To mar; to disfigure; to make
ugly ; to sully ; to disgrace.
DEF-ORM- A'TION, n. A disfiguring or defacing.
DE-FORMED 7 , a. Disfigured ; ill-shaped ; bare.
DE-FORM'I-TY, n. Unnatural shape; want of
symmetry; any thing that destroys beauty or
grace. SYN. Ugliness; distortion; blemish.
DE-FRAUD 7 , v. t. To cheat ; to deceive ; to wrong
in contracts.
DE-FRAUD'ER, n. One who defrauds or cheats.
DE-FRAUD'MENT, n. The act of defrauding.
DE-FRAY', v. t. To bear or pay, as expenses.
DE-FRAY'ER, n. One who pays expenses.
DEFT, a. Neat ; dextrous ; fit ; handsome.
DEFTLY, ad. Neatly; dexterously.
DE-FCNT', a. Deceased.
DE-FON-GT, n. A person dead.
DE-FY', v. t. To invite to a contest ; to treat with
contempt. SYN. To darej challenge; outbrave;
contemn ; despise.
DE-GE.N'ER-A-CY, n. A growing worse; decline
in good qualities; poorness ; meanness.
DE-GEN'E-RATE, a. Having declined in natural
or moral worth ; corrupt ; base.
DE-GfiN'ER-ATE, v. i. To decline in moral
qualities.
DE-GEN-ER- A'TION, n. A growing worse.
DE-GEN'ER-OUS, a. Having fallen to a worse
state ; low ; vile ; mean ; unworthy.
DE-GLC'TIN-ATE, v. t. To unglue.
DEG-LU-Tl"TION (deg-lu-tish'un), ?i. The act or
power of swallowing.
DEG-RA-DA'TION, n. A depriving of rank, office,
or honour ; baseness ; dishonour ; debasement ;
in geology, a wearing uway by the action of water
or other causes. See ABASEMENT.
DE-GRADE', v. t. To reduce in "rank, office, or
honour ; to lessen the value of ; to bring down.
SYN. To depress; humble; debase; lower; sink;
dishonour.
DE-GRAD'ED, pp. or a. Reduced in rank ; lowered ;
sunk.
DE-GRADTNG, a. Dishonouring ; adapted to dis-
grace.
DE-GREE', n. A step ; class ; extent ; proportion ;
the 360th part of a circle ; an interval of sound in
music ; a mark of distinction conferred by a col-
lege on students.
DEG-US-TA'TION, n. A tasting; the sense of
tasting.
DE-HIS'CENCE, n. A gaping; the opening of the
capsules of a plant.
DE-HlS'CENT, o. Opening, as the capsule.
DE-HORT', v. t. To dissuade or advise against.
DE-HORT-A'TION, n. Advice against a measure.
DE-HORT'A-TO-RY, a. Dissuading.
DE-IF-I-A'TION, n. The act of enrolling among
deities.
DE'I-FIED (-fide), pp. or o. Made divine ; ranked
among the gods.
DE'I-FI-ER, 71. A person who deifies.
DE'I-FORM, o. Of a godlike form.
DE'I-FY, v. t. To exalt to the rank of a deity ; to
reverence as a god.
DEIGN (dane), v. t. To think worthy ; to grant or
allow.
DEIGN (dune), v. i. To condescend; to vouch-
safe.
DEIGN'ING (dan'ing), n. A regarding some per-
son or thing as worthy ; a condescension.
DE'I GBA'TI-A (gra'she-a), [L.] By the grace of
God.
DEIP-NOS'O-PHIST (dipe-n3s'o-phist) , . A phi-
losopher of the sect famed for conversation at
meals.
DE'ISM, 7i. The creed of a deist.
DE'IST, n. One who believes in a God, but denies
a revelation from him.
DE-lST'K!, ^a. Relating to or containing de-
DE-lST're-AL, > ism ; embracing deism.
DEI-TY, 7i. Godhead; divinity; God; a fabulous
god or goddess.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; mis.
DE-JET, v. t. To cast down; to render Bad; to
discourage.
DE-JE-GT'ED, a. Downcast ; dispirited.
DE-JECT'ED-LY, ad. With discouragement.
DE-JE-6TION (-jek'shun), n. Depression of spir-
its; melancholy occasioned by grief or misfor-
tune.
DE-LAPSE', v. t. To fall or slide down.
DE-LAY', v. t. To put off; to render slow. Srir.
To defer ; detain ; protract ; retard ; withhold.
DE-LAY', 7i. Hinderance ; stop ; detention.
DE-LA Y'ER, n. One who hinders or detains.
DE'LE, v. t. [L.] Blot out ; efface.
DEL'E-BLE, a. That can be blotted out.
DE-LET'A-BLE, a. Delightful ; very pleasing.
DE-LE^T'A-BLY, ad. With great delight.
DE-LE-TATION, 71. Great pleasure ; delight.
DEL'E-GATE, v. t. To send away; to depute; to
intrust.
DEL'E-GA-TED, a. Commissioned to act for an-
other.
DEL'E-GATE, n. One deputed to act for another ;
representative.
DEL-E-GA'TION, 71. A sending away; giving au-
thority to act for another ; the person or persons
deputed to act for another ; in law, assignment of
a debt. See LEGATION.
DE-LETE', v. t. To blot out.
DEL-E-TE'RI-OUS, o. Deadly ; poisonous j de-
structive.
DE-LE'TION, . Act of blotting out or erasing.
DEL'E-TO-RY, n. That whieh blots out.
DELF, 7i. A species of China-ware made at Delft ; a
mine or quarry.
DE-LlB'ER-ATE, v. i. To weigh in the mind ; to
consider attentively. SYN. To ponder; counsel;
hesitate; demur; v. t. to weigh with care.
DE-LlB'ER-ATE, a. Circumspect; slow; advised.
DE-LIB-ER-A'TION, n. Act of weighing in the
mind; mutual consultation; cool reflection.
SYN. Thoughtfulness ; circumspection; wariness;
caution ; consultation.
DE-LlB'ER-A-TlVE, o. That deliberates ; acting
with deliberation.
DEL'I-A-CY, 7i. That which delights the taste ;
quality of nice feeling or discrimination ; minute
accuracy ; softness of manner ; fineness of tex-
ture ; tenderness of constitiition. STN. Fine-
ness ; nicety; softness ; smallness.
DEL'I-ATE, a. Nice; soft; smooth; dainty;
tender; fine; feeble.
DEL'I-ATE-LY, ad. With nicety; daintily:
with nice regard to propriety and the feelings oi
others.
DE-L1"CIOUS (de-ttsh'us), a. Affording great de-
light. SYN. Delightful Delicious refers to the
pleasure derived from certain of the senses, as
delicious food, a deh'cious fragrance ; delightful
may also refer to most of the senses, but has a
higher application to matters of taste, feeling,
and sentiment, as a delightful abode, conversa-
tion, prospect, &c.
DE-Li"CIOUS-LY, ad. Sweetly ; delightfully.
JDEL-I-GA'TION, n. Act of binding up or bandag-
ing.
DE-LIGHT' (-lite'), n. Great joy or pleasure ; that
which affords satisfaction.
DE-LIGHT' (-lite'), . t. To give great pleasure to ;
to receive great pleasure in; v. i. to enjoy greatly ;
to have great pleasure.
DE-LIGHT'ED, a. Greatly pleased.
DE-LIGHT'FUL, a. Affording great delight ap-
plied equally to the mind and the senses. See
DELICIOUS.
DE-LIGHT'FIJL-LY, ad. With much pleasure ;
charmingly.
DE-LIGHT'LESS, o. With nothing to please or
cheer the mind.
DE-LIGHT'SOME (-lite'sum), a. Pleasant; very
pleasincr.
DE-LlN'E-A-MENT, n. Representation by delinea-
tion, s
DEL
1U
DEM
I, , &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
DE-LlN'E-ATE, v. t. To draw the outline ; to re-
present in picture ; to describe or pourtray in
a lively manner. SYN. To depict ; sketch ; paint.
DE-LIN-E-A'TION, n. The act of drawing the out-
line or the outlines of a thing; first draught;
sketch ; description.
DE-LlN'E-A-TOR, n. One who delineates.
DE-LIN/QUEN-CY (de-lmk'weu-sy), n. Failure or
omission of duty ; fault ; oifence ; crime.
DE-LlN'QUENT (de-lmk'wentj, a. Failing in duty;
faulty.
DE-LlN'QUENT, n. One who fails to do his duty
or commits a crime.
DEL'I-QUATE. v. t. To melt; to dissolve; v. i. to
be melted or dissolved.
DEL-I-QUESCE' (del-e-kwSss'), t>. i. To melt away
or become liquid by the attraction and absorption
of water in the air.
DEL-I-QUES'CENCE (del-e-kw6ss'cence) , n. Abe-
coming soft or liquid in the air by absorption of
water.
DEL-I-QUES'CENT, a. Liquefying in the air ; ca-
pable of attracting and absorbing water from the
air.
DE-LlQTTI-ATE (-lik'we-), v. i. To imbibe water
from the air and melt.
DE-LlB/I-OUS, a. Wandering in mind ; deranged.
DE-LlB/I-UM, n. A wandering of the mind; de-
rangement.
DE-L1R'I-UM TUE'MENS, n. [L.] A disease of
the brain caused by excessive drinking, charac-
terised by frightful visions, and oft proving fatal.
DE-LlT'I-GATE, v. t. To chide vehemently.
DE-LlV'ER, v. t. Literally, to set free ; hence the
term is extensively applied to cases where a thing
is made to pass from a confined state to one of
greater freedom or openness. SYN. To give forth;
discharge; liberate; pronounce ; utter. One who
delivers a package gives it forth; one who delivers
a cargo discharges it; one who delivers a captive
liberates him ; one who delivers a message or a
discourse utters or pronounces it ; when a platoon
of soldiers deliver their fire, they set it free or give
it forth.
DE-LlV'ER-ANCE, n. Act of freeing; release;
rescue.
DE-LIV'ER-ER, n. One who sets free or rescues.
DE-LlVER-Y, n. A giving ; release ; utterance ;
mode of speaking ; birth of a child.
DELL, n. A hollo-w ; narrow opening or passage ;
a little valley.
DELP1I. SeeDELF.
DEL'PHI-AN, ^ a. Pertaining to Delphi in Greece,
DfiL'PHre, $ and the oracle there.
DEL'PHINE, a. Referring to the Dauphin of France,
or certain classics prepared for his use.
DEL'PHINE, a. Belonging to the dolphin.
DELTA, n. The Greek letter A ; a tract of alluvial
or other land in a triangular form, near the mouth
of a river.
DEL'TOID, a. Eesembling the Greek A ; applied
to one of the muscles of the shoulder.
DE-LOD'A-BLE, a. Liable to be deceived or im-
posed on.
DE-LUDE', v. t. To mislead by arts ; to impose on.
SYN. To cheat ; deceive; beguile; lead astray.
DE-LtJD'EB,, n. One who deceives or misleads.
DE-LpD'ING, n. The act of misleading ; falsehood.
DEL'CGE (28), n. An overflowing with water; the
great flood in Noah's time ; cataclysm ; an over-
flow ; a great exuberance, as of words.
DEL'OGE, v. t. To overflow; to drown; to over-
whelm, as with an army.
DE-LU'ailON (de-lu'zhun), n. Act of deluding;
error from false views. SYN Illusion; fallacy.
An illusion is a false show, a mere cheat on the
fancy or senses ; a delusion is a false judgment,
usually affecting the real concerns of life; & fal-
lacy is something (like an argument, &c.) having
a specious appearance, but destitute of reality and
truth. The illusions of youth -the delusions oi
Btock-jobbing a fallacy in reasoning.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
DE-LU'SIVE, a. Tending to deceive; beguiling;
vain ; empty.
DELVE, v. t. To dig ; to open and pulverize the
ground with a spade ; n. a place dug ; a cave ; a
^quantity of coals dug out.
DELVER, n. One who digs, as with a spade.
DE-MAG/NET-lZE, v. t. To deprive of magnetic
power or influence.
DEM'A-GOG-ISM, n. The practices of dema-
gogues
DEM'A-G6GUE, n. A leader of the populace; a
man who seeks to cajole the people to his own
interests and ambition, by appeals to their selfish-
ness.
DE-MAIN' \n. A manor -house and
DE-MESNE' (de-mene),j land adjacent; estate in
land.
DE-MAND' (6), v. t. To claim or seek to obtain by
right ; to inquire ; to question.
DE-MAND', n. A claim by right ; an asking by
authority ; a desire to obtain or possess that
which is claimed.
DE-MAND'ANT, n. The prosecutor in a real ac-
tion ; the plaintiff in a personal one.
DE-MAND'ER, n. One who demands.
DE-MARK-A'TION, n. Act of marking or setting
the limit ; bound ascertained and fixed.
DE-MEAN', y. t. To behave or conduct [followed
by the reciprocal pronoun], as to demean one's
self well. SYN. Degrade. Demean is properly
connected with the noun mien, not with the ad-
jective mean. Hence it is an error to speak of a
man's de?neaning [i. e. degrading] himself by im-
proper conduct.
DE-MEAN'OUR, n. Manner of behaving. SYN. Be-
haviour ; carriage ; deportment.
DE-MEN'TATE/i). t. To deprive of mind ; to in-
fatuate.
DE-MfiNT'ED, a. Infatuated ; mad ; crazy.
DE-MEN'TIA, n. A kind of mental alienation,
most common to the aged.
DE-MEPH'I-T1ZE (-mefe-tlzej, v. t. To purify
from foul, unwholesome air.
DE-MER'IT, n. Ill desert ; crime ; guilt.
DE-MERSED' (de-mersf), a. Sunk in a liquid;
drowned ; growing under water.
DE-MER'SION (-mer'shunj, n. A plunging into a
liquid ; state of being covered in water or earth.
DE-MESNE'. See DEM A IN.
DEM'l, a prefix, signifying half; used only in compo-
sition.
DEM-I-BRI-GADE', n. A half brigade.
DEM-l--eA'DENCE, n. An imperfect cadence in
music ; one not falling on the key-note.
DEM'1-GOD, n. A fabulous hero, one half divine ;
born of a god and a mortal.
DEM'l- JOHN (-jon), n. A glass vessel with a large
body and a small neck, inclosed in wickerwork.
DEM'I-LUNE, n. In fortification, an outwork be-
fore the curtain with two faces and two flanks.
DEM'1-QUA-VER, n. A note in music, of half the
length of the quaver.
DE-MIS' A-BLE, a. That may be leased.
DE-MISE', n. Literally, release ; hence, death ; a
lease ; a bequeathing. See DEATH.
DE-MISE', v. t. To lease; to convey; to bequeath
by will.
DEM-I-SEM'I-QTJA-VER, n. Half a semiquaver.
DE-MlS'SION, (-mish'tm), n. Degradation.
DE-MlT', v. t. To let fall ; to depress.
DEM'1-TINT, n. A gradation of colour midway be-
tween positive light and shade.
DEM'I-TONE, n. 'Half a tone or semitone.
DEM'1-URGE. n. In the mythology of Eastern philo-
sophers, an 2Eon or exalted and mysterious agent
employed in the creation of the world.
DEM-i-URG'I!, a. Pertaining to a demiurge or
creative power.
DEM'1-VOLT, n. A motion of a horse, in which ho
raises his fore legs in a particular manner.
DE-MO 'IiA-CY, n. Government by the people.
DEM'0-RAT, ?i. An adherent to democracy.
DEM
115
DEN
r"'^' AT I -
ll^ 'I
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK ; E^LE, BULL ; Vf'CIOTJS
DEM-O-EATT, a. Belonging to government by
the people.
DEM-O-GpE'GON, n. A supposed mysteriotis ter-
rific divinity or magician, to whose spell Hades
was subject.
DE-MOL'ISH, v. t. To throw down ; to destroy ;
to break in pieces ; to pull down. SYIST. To over-
turn; overthrow; destroy; dismantle; raze.
That is overturned or overthrown which had stood
upright ; that is destroyed whose component parts
are scattered : that is demolis7ied which had formed
a mass or structure ; that is dismantled which is
stripped of its covering, as a vessel of its sails, or
a fortress of its bastions, &c. ; that is razed which
is brought down smooth and level to the ground.
DE-MOL'ISH-EE, n. One who throws down or
lays waste.
DEM-O-Ll"TION (dem-o-lish'un), n. Act of over-
throwing or destroying a pile or structure ; ruin.
BE'MON, n. A spirit, intermediate between a pa-
gan god and man, good or evil ; an evil spirit, or
genius allied to the Devil ; an angel of the Devil.
Pertaining to demons ; in-
fenced by demons.
DE-MO'NI-A), n. One possessed by a demon.
DE-MO-Nl'A-CISM, n. The state of being a demo-
niac ; demoniacal practices.
DE-MOTSTI-AN-ISM, n. The state of being pos-
sessed by a demon.
DE'MON-ISM, 7i. The belief in demons or false
gods.
DE-MON-0'EA-CY, n. The power or rule of de-
mons.
DE-MON-OL'A-TEY, n. The worship of demons or
evil spirits.
DE-MON-pL'O-GY, n. A discourse or treatise en
evil spirits.
DE-MON'O-MY, n. The dominion of evil spirits.
DE-MON'STEA-BLE, a. That may be demon-
strated or proved beyond contradiction.
DE-MON'STHA-BLY, ad. Certainly; with full
proof.
DE-MON'STEATE or DEM'ON-STEATE, v. t. To
prove to a certainty or with great clearness ; to
exhibit the parts when dissected. SYN. To prove ;
evince ; manifest.
DE-MON-STEA'TION, n. Proof to a certainty ;
indubitable evidence ; exhibition. In military
affairs, a movement of troops to a given point, as
if to attack.
DE-MON'STEA-TlVE, a. Conclusive; certain;
having power to prove to a certainty.
DEM'ON-STRA-TOE, n. One who proves beyond
dispute; one who exhibits clearly. In anatomy,
one who exhibits the parts dissected.
DE-MON'STEA-TO-EY, a. Having a tendency to
demonstrate or prove beyond a doubt.
DE-MOE-AL-I-ZA 7 TION, n. Destruction of moral
principles ; breaking up the moral force of an
army, c., as distinguished from its physical.
DE-MO E'AL-IZE, v. t. To corrupt in respect to
moral principle ; to weaken in respect to moral
force, as distinguished from physical, as an army.
DEM-OS-THENTG, a. Pertaining to or resembling
Demosthenes, the celebrated Grecian orator ; elo-
quent ; oratorical.
DE-MOT'I-e, a. Popular; a term applied to a
current hand or language in popular use in Egypt
instead of hieroglyphics.
DE-MCL'CENT, n. Any medicine which lessens
the effects of irritation on the sensitive parts of
the body, as gums and other mucilaginous sub-
stances.
DE-MCL'CENT, a. Softening ; easing ; assuaclng.
DE-MtIE', v. i. Literally, to stand long ; to have
doubts or scruples; to hesitate; to delay. In
law, to rest at any point in pleading and await the
decision of the court.
DE-MUE', n. Suspense ; doubt from uncertainty,
DE-MURE', a. Very grave ; affectedly modest.
DE-MCKE'NESS, n. Gravity; affected modesty.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
DE-M0E'EAGE, n. Allowance for detention of a
ship.
DE-MtTE'EEE, n. One who demurs. In law, an
issue joined on a point of law, resting the case for
a decision on that point ; a half-fellow at Magda-
len College, Oxford.
DE-MY', n. A size of paper next smaller than me-
dium.
DEN, n. A cage ; cavern ; lodge of a beast.
DE-NA'EI-US, ir. An ancient Eoman coin value
7|d ; a penny.
DEN'A-RY, a. Containing ten; n. the number
ten.
DE-Ni"TION-AL-IZE (-nash'uu-al-Ize), v. t. To
deprive of national rights.
DE-NAT'D-EAL-lZE (-nat'y"-ral-Ize), v. t To ren-
der unnatural ; to alienate from nature.
DEN'DRlTE, n. A mineral in which are the fig-
ures of a shrub.
DEN-DElT'I, > a. Containing the appear-
DEN-DElT'ie-ALj ances of shrubs or trees.
DEN'DEOID, a. Eesembling a shrub or tree.
DEN'DRO-LITE, n. The branch or stem of a pet-
rified tree or shrub ; fossil wood.
DEN-DEOL'O-GY, n. Natural history of trees.
DEN- DEOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument to measure
the height and diameter of trees.
DEN-DEOPH'A-GI, n. Tree-eaters; insects that
live on the bark of trees, &c.
DEN'EB, n. The bright star in the tail of the con-
stellation Leo, the Lion.
DENG'GTJE (deng'gu), 71. A peculiar epidemic rheu-
matism called also bone-fever.
DE-NI'A-BLE, a. That may be denied.
DE-NI'AL, 7i. Affirmation to the contrary ; con-
tradiction ; refusal to grant ; rejection ; disown-
ing. SYN. Disavowal ; renunciation ; dissent ;
repulse ; rebuff. Self-denial is a declining of some
gratification.
DE-NI'EE, n. One who denies, disowns, or re-
fuses.
DE-NIEE' (de-neer'), n. An old French coin, the
twelfth of a sou.
DEN'I-GRATE, v. t. To ma,ke black; to blacken.
DE'NIMS, 71. pi. A kind of coarse cotton goods.
DEN-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of making a citizen.
DEN'I-ZEN (dSn'e-zn), n. One not a native, but
made a citizen.
DEN'I-ZEN, v. t. To make a citizen ; to admit to
residence.
DEN'LZEN-SHIP, n. State of being a citizen.
DE-NOM'IN-A-BLE, a. That may be named or de-
nominated.
DE-NOM'IN-ATE, v. t. To name ; to call; to give
name to ; to style ; to designate.
DE-NOM-IN-A'TION, n. A name ; a title ; a body
of individuals united by the same name, as a de-
nomination of Christians.
DE-NOM'IN-A-TlVE, o. Conferring a name.
DE-NOM'IN-1-TOE, 11. One who gives a name;
the number placed below the line in vulgar frac-
tions, which shows into how many parts the unit
has been divided.
DE-NOT'A-BLE, a. That may be denoted OS
marked.
DE-NO-TA'TION, n. The act of marking.
DE-NOT'A-TiVE, a. Having power to denote.
DE-NOTE', v. t. To be a sign of; to indicate.
SYN. To mark ; express ; betoken ; imply ; repre-
sent ; stand for.
DE-NOUE'MENT (den-09'mang), n. [!Y.] The un-
ravelling of the plot in a play; development
winding up of an event.
DE-NOUNCE', v. t. To accuse publicly ; to threaten
by word or sign.
DE-NOUNCE'MENT, n. Declaration of a threat.
DE-NOUNC'EK, 71. One who utters a threat ; an
accuser.
DENSE, a. Literally, crowded; having its parts
closely pressed together. SYN. Compact ; close.
DENSE'NESS, ") n. Compactness ; closeness of
DENS'I-TY, ) parts; thickness.
DEN
116
DEP
A, fi, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, PALL, WHAT ; THRE, TKJI ; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
DENT, n. A small hollow, caused by the stroke or
pressure of a harder on a softer body ; an inden-
tation.
DENT, v. t. To make a dent or small hollow.
DENTAL, o. Pertaining to the teeth.
DENTATE, )a. Like teeth"; having sharp teeth
DEN'TA-TED,j with concave edges.
DENTED, a. Impressed with little hollows.
DENTI-!LE (dCnt'e-kl), n. A point like a small
tooth.
SB&K&J - Havingsznall teeth.
DENT'I-FOEM, o. Shaped like a tooth.
DENTI-FRlCE (dSnt'e-frfss), n. Something to
cleanse teeth ; tooth-powder.
DEN'TIL, n. In architecture, small square blocks in
cornices, with a resemblance to teeth.
DENTIST, n. One who cleans, repairs, replaces,
fills, or extracts teeth.
DENT'IST-BY, n. The art or business of a dentist.
DEN-Tf'TION (den-tish'un), n. The cutting of
teeth in infancv ; the period of doing it.
DEN'TOID, a. Having the shape of teeth.
DEN-tl-DA'TION, n. A stripping to nakedness ; in
geology, laying rocks bare by washing off superfi-
cial deposits by running water.
DE-NUDE', 1v. t. To strip; to make naked; to
DE-NUD'ATE, ) remove all covering.
DE-NtfN'ClATE (-shate), v. t. To denounce.
DE-NUN-CI-A'TION, n. Declaration of a threat ;
a public exposure or accusation.
DE-NUN-CI-A'TOR, n. One who threatens; an
informer,
DE-NUN'CI-A-TO-RY, a. Threatening; marked
with menaces or accusations.
DE-NY', v. t. To declare untrue ; to refuse to grant ;
to refuse to acknowledge ; not to gratify. SYN.
To contradict ; gainsay ; reject ; disown ; ignore.
DE-OB'STRU-ENT, a. Removing obstructions ;
n. a medicine which removes obstructions ; an
aperient.
DE'0-DAND, n. Something forfeited to God, as
having occasioned the death of a rational crea-
ture, and applied by the royal almoner to pious
uses.
DE-0'DOR-IZE, v. t. To free from bad smells.
DE-0'DOR-IZ-ER, n. That which frees from bad
odours.
DE-ON-TOL'O-GY, n. The science which relates
to duty or moral obligation.
" *
DE-OX-ID-A'TION, ") n. The act or process of
DE-OX-ID-I-ZA'TION, } reducing from the state
of an oxide.
DE-OX'ID-lZE, v.t. To deprive of oxygen.
DE-PAINT, v. t. To paint.
DE-PART, v. i. Literally, to part from; to go
away from a place ; to desist from some course ;
to die. SYN. To move off; forsake ; deviate.
DE-PARTING, n. Separation ; leaving.
DE-PARTMENT, n. A separate room, place, or
office ; a distinct province or station ; a branch
of civil government.
DE-PART-MENTAL, a. Relating to a depart-
ment.
DE-PARTCRE (-part'yur), n. A going away; de-
cease. SYN. Withdrawal; deviation j abandon-
ment ; exit ; death, which see.
DE-PASTORE (-pftst'yur), v. t. To feed ; to graze.
DE-PAU'PER-ATE, v. t. To reduce to poverty;
to deprive of fertility.
DE-PEND', v. i. To hang from ; to rely on ; to be
connected with.
DE-PEND'ENCE, \n. Reliance; trust; connec-
DE-PEND'EN-CY, $ tion ; a state of hanging-
down from a supporter.
DE-PEND'ENT, o. Hanging from; relying on;
subjected to ; n. one at the disposal of another, or
sustained by him ; a retainer.
DE-PHLEG'MATE (-fl5g'-), v. t. To deprive of su
perfluous water, as by evaporation.
DE-PHLEG-MA'TION, n. The act of rectifying
spirits and acids by freeing them from water.
DE-PHLO-GlS'TI-ATE, v. t. To deprive of phlo-
giston, or the supposed principle of inflamma-
bility.
DE-PIT, v. t. Originally, to paint; but now to
describe vividly. SYN. To portray ; sketch ; de-
lineate ; represent.
DE-PlT'CRE (-pikt'ynr), v. t. To paint.
DEP-I-LA'TION, n. The act of depriving of the
hair.
DE-PlL'A-TO-RY, a. Adapted to take off the
hair.
DE-PLE'TION, n. Act of emptying ; bleeding or
blood-letting.
DE-PLE'TO-RY, a. Adapted or designed to obvi-
ate fullness of habit.
DE-PLOR'A-BLE, a. That is to be deplored.
SYX. Lame. *;able. Literally, the word lamen-
table denotes mourning aloud, and deplorable,
mourning with tears. The last is, therefore, the
strongest.
DE-PLOR'A-BLY, ad. Lamentably; miserably;
hopelessly.
DE-PLORE', v. t. To be grieved at; to express
grief for. SYN. Mourn ; lament ; bewail ; be-
moan. Mourn is generic ; to lament (lit., cry out)
denotes an earnest and strong expression of grief;
to deplore (lit., weep over) marks a deeper and
more prolonged emotion; to bewail and bemoan
are appropriate only to cases of poignant distress.
A man la?ncnts his errors, and deplores the ruin
they have brought on his family ; mothers beitail
or be?noan the loss of their children.
DE-PLOR'ER, n. One who laments bitterly.
DE-PLOY', v. t. To open or extend, as a body of
troops ; v. i. to form a more extended line.
DEP-LU-MA'TION, n. The stripping off plumes ;
a tumour of the eyelids with loss of hair.
DE-PLCME', v. t. To deprive of plumes or plu-
mage ; to pluck off feathers.
DE-PO'NENT, a. Laying down. A deponent verb
is one which has an active signification with a
passive termination.
DE-PO'NENT, n. One who gives written testimony
on oath ; a verb with a passive form but an active
meaning.
DE-POP'U-LATE, v.t. To unpeople; to lay waste.
It rarely expresses an entire loss of inhabitants ;
v. i. to become dispeopled.
DE-POP-U-LA'TION, n. The act of dispeopling;
destruction of inhabitants.
DE-POP'Q-LA-TOR, n. One who kills or expels
inhabitants ; one who lays waste.
DE-PORT, v. t. To behave ; to carry away.
DE-PORT, n. Behaviour ; carriage ; conduct.
DEP-OR-TA'TION, n. A carrying away ; banish-
ment.
DE-PORTMENT, n. Manner of acting toward
others ; behaviour. SYN. Conduct ; carriage ;
bearing; demeanour.
DE-POS'A-BLE, a. That may be deprived of office.
DE-PO'SAL, n. Act of divesting of office.
DE-PO$E', v. t. To lay down ; to dethrone ; to lay
aside ; to divest of office ; to degrade ; v. i. to
give a written testimony ; to bear witness.
DE-POSED' (de-pozd'), o. Thrown down; de-
graded; testified.
DE-PO$'IT, v. t. To throw down ; to trust with j
to lay in a place for preservation.
DE-POS'IT, n. That which is laid down or depos-
ited ; a trust ; a pledge ; a place of depositing ; a
depository ; in geology, matter thrown down, after
being suspended in water, to the bottom of the
sea, a river, &c.
DE-POS'IT-A-RY, n. One to whom something is
intrusted ; a trustee ; a guardian.
DEP-O-S1"TION (-zlsh'uu), n. A throwing down ;
act of dethroning or degrading ; written testimo"
ny under oath. SYN. Affidavit. An affidavit ia
simply a declaration under oath; a deposition is
the testimony of a witness who is unable to attend
DEF
117
DES
D6VE, WOLF, B9QK ; R^LE, BT*LL ; Vl"CWCS
on a trial. It must so be taken before a magis-
trate that both parties have an opportunity to ask
questions.
DE-POS'IT-O-RY, n. A place for depositing goods.
DE-POT (de-po' or de'po), n. A place of deposit ; a
warehouse or magazine ; a place for military
stores or recruits ; a railroad station.
DEP-EA-VA'TION, n. Act of making worse.
DE-PEA YE/, y. t, To make worse ; to corrupt.
SYN. To vitiate ; contaminate ; pollute ; impair.
DE-PEAVJED' (-pravd-'J, a. Destitute of holiness
or good principles ; wicked ; vile ; vicious.
DE-PEAVE'MENT, n. A vitiated state.
DE-PEAV'I-TY, n. State of sinfulness ; perversion
of heart. SYN. Depravation ; corruption. De-
pravity is a disposition or settled tendency to evil ;
depravation is the act or process of malting de-
praved, as the depravation of morals. Corruption
applies to any thing which is greatly vitiated, as
a corruption of morals, of taste, of language, &c.
DEP'EE-GATE, v. t. To pray earnestly against ;
to regret.
DEP-EE-GA'TION, n. Act of deprecating ; a pray-
ing against a present evil, or one in prospect.
DP'EE-!A-TO-KY,) a. That serves to deprecate ;
DEP'EE-A-TlVE, j tending to remove evil by
prayer ; having the form of prayer.
E-PEE'CIATE, v. i. To lessen in v
DE-PEE'CIATE, v. i. To lessen in value; v. t. to
cry down the worth of ; to disparage. SYN. To
traduce ; decry; underrate ; lower. "See DECRY.
DE-PEE-CI-ATION (-she-a'shun), n. The act of
lessening or crying down price or value ; the fall-
ing or decrease of value.
DEP'EE-DATE, v. t. To rob; to plunder; to
spoil ; to waste.
DEP-EE-DA'TION, n. A robbing; a laying waste.
DEP'RE-DA-TOE, n. One who plunders cr lays
waste.
DE-PRESS', v. t. Literally, to press down j to
sink ; to humble ; to cast down ; to make languid ;
to impoverish ; to lower in value.
DE-PRESSED' (-presf), a. Humbled; sad; lan-
guid.
DE-PES'SION (-prSsh'un), n. Literally, a press-
ing or being pressed down ; the sinking in of a
surface ; a sinking of spirits, or of strength, or
business, &c. ; a lowering. SYN. Abasement;
reduction ; fall ; dejection ; melancholy. See
ABASEMENT.
DE-PEESS'lVE, a. Tending to cast down.
DE-PElV'A-BLE, a. That may be deprived.
DEP-EI-VA'TION, n. Act of depriving; state of
being deprived ; loss ; deposition.
DE-PElVE', t\ t. To take from ; to bereave ; to
divest of orders.
DEPTH, n. Measure downward; profundity; a
deep place ; extent ; middle of darkness, stillness,
&c., as of night, winter, forest, &c. ; abstruseness.
DE-PCL'SION, n. A driving away.
DE-PGL'SO-EY, a. Driving away ; removing.
DEP'C-EATE, v. t. To purify ; to free from fecu-
lence ; a. cleansed ; not contaminated.
DEP-U-EA'TION, n. Act of freeing from fecu-
lence ; cleansing, as of a wound.
DEP-0-TA'TION, n. The appointing a substitute
to act for another; special commission or au-
thority to represent some other ; persons sent.
DE-PCTE', v. t. To appoint as agent for another ;
to send as representative ; to empower to act.
DE-PUT'ED, a. Authorized ; sent.
DEP'O-TY, n. One appointed to act for another ; a
representative; a substitute. In compounds it
has the force of in the place of, or subordinate to, as
deputy-collector, marshal, postmaster, sheriff, &c.
DE-EANGE', v. t. To put out of order; to con-
fuse ; to disturb ; to disorder the mind.
DE-EAN&.ED' (de-raujd'), a. Out of order; delir-
ious.
DE-EANGE'MENT, n. State of disorder; deliri-
um ; insanity.
DEB'E-LMJT, a. Abandoned; n. the state of
being abandoned; thing abandoned.
. as K ; 6 as j ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DEE-E-LH3TION, n. An utter forsaking.
DE-EIDE', . t. Literally, to laugh at; hence, to
treat with gross contempt. SYN. Ridicule; mock;
taunt. A man may ridicule without uukindness
of feeling ; his object may be to correct. He who
derides is actuated by a severe and contemptuous
spirit. To mocfc is stronger, denoting open and
scoffing derision ; totatmt (lit., pierce with words)
is to reproach with bitter insult.
DE-ETD'EE, n. One who mocks or ridicules.
DE-ElS'ION (-rizh'un), n. Act of treating with
gross contempt ; an object of laughter. STN.
Scorn ; mockery ; insult.
DE-El'SlVE, I a. Mocking; ridiculing; contain-
DE-Rl'SO-EY, j ing derision.
DE-EIV'A-BLE. o. That may be derived; dedu-
cible.
DEE-I-VA'TION, n. A drawing or descending
from a source ; a tracing a word to its root ; the
thing derived or deduced.
DE-ElV'A-TlVE, a. Derived; deduced.
DE-EIV'A-TiVE, n. A word derived from another.
DE-EIVE', v. t. To draw from ; to deduce ; to de-
scend from ; to turn from its natural course.
DE-ElV'EE, n. One who draws from a source.
DEEM (13), n. The true skin which covers animal
bodies. [skin.
DERM'AL, a. Pertaining to sldn ; composed of
DERNIER, a. [JFY.] The last ; the only one left.
DEE'O-GATE, v. t. To lessen ; -y. i. to detract ; to
take from.
DEE-0-GA'TION, n. A weakening or lessening in
value; a detracting; disparagement.
DE-EOG'A-TO-RY, a. Detracdng; degrading.
DEE'EICK, n. An upright timber or frame for
raising heavy weights by means of pulleys.
DER'VIS, n. A Turkish or Persian monk profess-
ing great austerity.
DS-A.NT, n. A song; tune; air; discourse;
comment ; variation.
DES-eAN7", v. i. To sing ; to discourse ; to com-
merit ; to make a variety of remarks.
DE-SCEND', t. i. To move from a higher to a
lower place ; tc sink ; to proceed from a source ;
to pass from general to particular considerations ;
v. t. to go down ; to walk downward on a declivity.
DE-SCEND'ANT, . One who proceeds from ; off-
spring ; issue.
DE-SCND'ENT, a. Falling; sinking; having hia
origin from an ancestor.
DE-SCfiND'I-BLE, a. That may descend or be
passed down.
DE-SCEN'SION(-sCn'shun), a. Act of descending
or going downward.
DE-SCENT', 11. A falling or coming down ; degra-
dation ; declivity; invasion; a proceeding from;
lineage.
DE-SRIB'A-BLE, a. That may be described.
DE-SCRIBE', v. t. To represent by words or
figures ; to draw a plan. SYN. To set forth ; de-
lineate ; recount ; dwell upon ; depict ; portray.
DE-SEIB'EE, n. One who represents by words
or figures.
DE-SEI'EE, n. One who descries, or espies.
DE-SCEIP'TION, n. Act of describing; qualities
specified ; the class of persons or things delinea-
ted. SYN. Eecital ; account ; relation ; detail ;
narrative ; explanation ; representation ; sort.
DE-SCElP'TlVE, a. Containing description.
DE-SEY', v. t. To discover ; to see at a distance.
SYN. To espy; discern; behold; detect.
DES'E-CEATE, v. i. To pervert or destroy what is
sacred ; to profane, as the Sabbath.
DS'E-EA-TED. a. Divested of a sacred character.
DES-E-EA'TION, n. A diverting from a sacred
purpose or from a sacred character.
DE-SEET' (13), n. A deserving or worthiness of
reward or punishment, especially the former.
SYN. Merit ; excellence ; worth ; due.
DE-SEET' (13), v. t. or i. To leave in violation of
duty. SYN. To forsake ; depart from j relin-
quish ; give up ; abandon, which see.
DES
A, , &c., long. I, , &e., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
DES'ERT, n. A \vilderness ; an uncultivated re
gion.
DES'ERT, a. Wild; solitary; unsettled.
DE-SERT'ER, n. One who forsakes his cause or
his post ; a soldier who runs away from service.
DE-SER'TION (-zer'shun), n. Act of abandoning
leaving service or duty ; spiritual despondency.
DE-SERVE' (13), v. i. To merit, as he deserves
well or ill of his neighbour ; . t. to merit ; to be
worthy of; to have a just claim.
DE-$ERVJED' (de-zervd'), a. Merited;
DE-SERV'ED-LY, ad. Worthily; with, merit
justly, whether good or ill.
DE-SERVER, n. One who merits.
DE-SfiRVING, a. Worthy of reward or praise
entitled to.
DES-HA-BILLE' (des-ha-biT), n. [Fr.] An undress
or morning dress ; hence, any home dress.
DE-SI G'-e ANT, n. A medicine or application that
dries a sore.
DE-SI-G'ATE or DES'I-e-!ATE, . t. To dry up ;
to make dry ; v. i. to become dry.
DES-re--eA'TION, n. Act or process of drying.
DE-SI-G'-GA-TIVE, o. Tending to dry ; n. an ap-
plication which dries up the secretion or matter
of wounds, ulcers, &c.
DE-SIGN' (-sine' or -zine'), v. t. Literally, to stamp
or set clearly forth ; hence, to form an outline of;
to sketch ; to frame in the mind ; to purpose or
intend. SYN. To plan ; delineate; project ; mean.
DE-SIGN' (-sine' or -zine'), n. Literally, a stamp or
sketch ; a representation or plan, as of a build-
ing, &c. ; a picture, figure, &c., on paper, &c. ;
hence, figuratively, a scheme or plan. SYN. In-
tention ; purpose. Design has reference to some-
thing aimed at ; intention (lit., straining after) to
the feelings or desires with which it is sought ;
purpose to a settled choice or determination for
its attainment. " I had no design to injure you "
means, it was no part of my aim or tfbject. "I
had no intention to injure you " means, I had no
wish or desire of that kind. "My purpose was
directly the reverse" makes the case still stronger.
DE-SIGN'A-BLE, a. Capable of being designed.
DES'IG-NATE, v. t. To point out or show ; to in-
dicate by visible marks or signs ; to distinguish.
DES-IG-NA'TION, n. Act of pointing out ; selec-
tion ; appointment ; import.
DES'IG-NA-TIVE, > a. Serving or employed to
DES'IG-NA-TO-RY, j designate or indicate
DE-SIGN'ED-LY, ad. By design or purpose.
DE-SIGN'ER, n. A contriver.
DE-SIGN'ING (-sine'- or -zme'-), a. Artful; dis-
posed to contrive mischief ; insidious ; n. the art
of sketching or delineating objects.
DES'I-NENT, a. Ending ; lowermost.
DE-SIFI-ENT, a. Trifling; foolish; playful.
DE-SIR'A-BLE, a. That is to be wished. SYN.
Eligible ; agreeable ; pleasing.
DE-SlRE' (-zire'), n. Eagerness to obtain or enjoy ;
thing desired. SYN. Wish ; longing ; craving ;
hankering; aspiration.
DE-SlRE', v. t. To wish for. SYN. To request ;
covet ; wish ; solicit ; ask. To desire is to feel a
wish or want ; to request is to ask for its gratifica-
tion. A man desires food, and requests to have it
prepared. Desire may be used for request when
the relations of the parties are such that the ex-
pression of a wish is all that is felt to be necessary.
A man desires his friend to write often ; a mer-
chant desires his clerk to be more careful in future.
In this latter case, desire is stronger than request ;
it implies a comnmnd or injunction.
DE-SIR'OUS, a. Full of desire ; eager to obtain.
DE-ffilST' (-z?sf), v. i. To cease; to give over ; to
discontinue action.
DE-&!ST'ANCE, n. Act of desisting or ceasing.
DESK, n. An inclined table ; a pulpit ; a table for
the use of writers; figuratively, the clerical pro-
fession.
DES'O-LATE, r. t. To deprive of inhabitants ; to
lay waste ; to ravage ; to ruin.
118
DES
flXL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
DES'O-LATE, o. Laid waste ; destitute of people j
solitary.
DES'O LA-TED, a. Deprived of inhabitants ; made
a desert ; deserted.
DES-O-LA'TION, n,. Act of laying waste ; destruc-
tion ; a desolate state ; sadness ; gloom.
DES'O-LA-TO-RY, a. Causing desolation.
DE-SPAIR' (4), n. Hopelessness; loss of hope in
the mercy of God.
DE-SPAIR', v. i. To abandon hope ; to be without
hope ; to give up hope of expectation. [hope.
DE-SPAIR'ER, n. One who gives up or loses all
DE-SPATCH'. See DISPATCH.
DES-PE-RA'DO, n. ; pi. DES-PE-RA'DOES. A despe-
rate man ; a madman ; one regardless of safety.
DES'PE-RATE, a. Having no hope; rash; furi-
ous ; fearless.
DES'PE-RATE-LY, ad. Without hope, or with
scarcely a hope. In a popular sense, extremely j
violently ; greatly.
DES-PE-RA'TION, n. Abandonment of all hope ;
total disregard of safety or danger. SYN. Hope-
lessness ; despair ; fury ; madness.
DES'PI-A-BLE, a. Deserving to be despised.
SYN. Contemptible; mean; vile; worthless;
pitiful ; sordid ; degrading. See CONTEMPTIBLE.
DES'PI-!A-BLE-NESS, n. Extreme meanness;
vileness ; sordidness.
DES'PI-GA-BLY, ad. With great meanness.
DE-SPI$'A-BLE, a. Meriting contempt; that
ought to be despised ; despicable. [dain.
DE-SPISE' v. t. To contemn ; to scorn ; to dis-
DE-SPISJED' (-spizd'), a. Contemned; disdained.
DE-SPIS'ER, n. One that slights or despises.
DE-SPITE', n. Malignity; defiance with con-
tempt ; an act of malice or contempt.
DE-SPlTE'FUL, a. Malicious; scornful.
DE-SPITE'FUL-LY, ad. Maliciously ; scornfully.
DE-SPOIL', v. t. To take from by force or other
means. SYN. To spoil; rob; plunder; strip; de-
prive; bereave; rifle.
DE-SPOIL'ER, n. One who strips or plunders.
DE-SPOND', v. i. To lose courage or hope ; to be
cast down or delected.
DE-SPOND'EN-CY, n. Loss of hope or courage;
sinking of spirits.
DE-SPOND'ENT, a. Despairing ; losing hope.
DE-SPOND'ENT-LY, ad. Without hope; as de-
pressed.
DES'POT, n. A sovereign invested with absolute
power ; hence, a tyrant.
DES-POT'I!, > a. Absolute in authority ; arbi-
DES-POTTG-AL, j trary; tyrannical.
DES'POT-ISM, n. Absolute power ; tyranny.
DES-PU-MA'TION, n. A foaming; frothiness; the
formation of scum by the action of some clarify-
ing substance.
DES-QUA-MA'TION, n. A scaling or exfoliation
of bone ; separation of the skin in scales.
DES-SERT' (dez-zert'j, n. Service of fruits and
sweatmeats.
DES-TEM'PER, ") n. A preparation of opaque
DIS-TEM'PER, j colours, ground up with size
and water, and laid on the walls when they are
a - Appointed ; destined.
DES-TI-NA'TION, n. Purpose ; place to be
reached ; destiny ; end or ultimate design.
DES'TlNE, v. t. To mark out or appoint to some
end, state, or place ; to fix unalterably. SYN. To
design; intend; devote; doom; consecrate.
DESTINED, pp. Mai-ked out; designed before-
hand ; sure to attain. SYN. Bound. We may
speak of goods as destined to a certain port, and
of a ship as bound thither. We may also speak
of a city as destined to become a great commercial
emporium ; but to say it is bound to become so, or
that a man is bound to succeed in life, is a gross
abuse of language.
DES
119
DEV
D&YE, WOLF, BQOK ; RULE, BULL } Vl"CIOTJS -G as K J 6 as J ; 8 as Z ; CH as SH J THIS
DESTLNY, n. State predetermined ; invincible
necessity; ultimate fate ; allotment.
DES'TI-TOTE, o. Wanting; not possessing j friend-
less ; n. one without friends or comfort.
DES-TI-TO'TION, n. Want ; poverty.
DE-STEOY', v. t. To lay waste ; to put an end to.
SYN. To demolish; ruin; throw down; con-
Bum e ; overthrow ; subvert ; annihilate ; kill ;
slay ; dismantle ; raze.
DE-STEOY'EE, n. One who kills, ruins, or lays
waste.
DE-STEUCT-I-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of being
capable of destruction.
DE-STE0T'I-BLE, a. That may be destroyed.
DE-STEU!TION, n. Act of destroying ; state of
being destroyed ; eternal death; ruin. SYN. De-
molition ; subversion ; overthrow ; extinction ;
death ; downfall ; extermination.
DE-STECT'1VE, a. That destroys ; tending to
death ; ruinous.
DE-STRU GT'l VE-NESS, a. Quality that destroys :
tending to murder.
DES-C-DA'TION, n. Profuse and morbid sweat-
ing.
DES'UE-TUDE (dfis'we-tude), n. Discontinuance of
a custom ; disuse.
DES'-UL-TO-RI-LY, ad. With out method ; loosely.
DES'UL-TO-RY, a. Loose; unconnected; with-
out system ; at random ; by fits and starts.
DE-TACH', v. t. Literally, to break off; to sepa-
rate; to send off, as soldiers, or to some service.
SYN. To disunite; disengage; sever; disjoin.
DE-TACH'MENT, n. A party sent off from the
army or fleet, as chosen for special service ; in
thejfine aria, parts of a work as distinguished from
the whole.
DE-TAIL', n. A minute narration ; a selecting; pi.
DE-TAILS'. Particulars or distinct parts. See AC-
COUNT.
DE-TAIL', v. t. Literally, to cut off; hence, to nar-
rate in particulars ; to select for service, as sol-
diers.
DE-TAIN', t'. t. Literally, to keep back ; hence, to
withhold, as wages ; or to delay, as a traveller ;
to hold in custody. SYN. To retain; str'^; re-
tard ; arrest ; hinder.
DE-TAIN'DER, n. A writ. See DETINUE.
DE-TAIN'ER, n. One that detains; in law, forci-
ble keeping out of possession.
DE-TET', v. t. Literally, to uncover ; to discover ;
to bring to light ; to expose ; especially applied to
the discovery of crimes.
DE-TET'ER, n. One who detects or lays open.
DE-TE^'T1ON (-shun), n. Discovery ; act of lay-
ing open ; exposure.
DE-TET'1VE, a. Employed in detection; n. a
police ofncer employed in detecting crime.
DE-TENT', n. A stop to a clock when striking.
DE-TENTION, n. The act of detaining ; restraint ;
necessary delay.
DE-TEE' (13), v. t. To discourage and stop by
fear ; to prevent by prohibition or danger.
DE-TERGE' (13), v. t. To cleanse; to clean; to
wipe off.
DE-TEE GENT, n. A medicine that cleanses ; a.
cleii ing away.
DE-TE'EI-O-EATE, v. t. To make worse ; to im-
pair ; v. i. to grow or become worse.
DE-TE-RI-O-RA'TION, n. A growing or becoming
worse.
DE-TER/MENT (13), n. That which deters; act of
deterring.
DE-TEEM'IN-A-BLE, a. That may be deter-
mined.
DE-TfcRM'IN-ATE, v. t. To fix bounds to ; to limit
DE-TEEM'IN-ATE, a. Limited; definite; settled;
fixed ; positive.
DE-TEEM'IN-ATE-LY, ad. Decisively ; resolutely ;
with fixed resolve.
DE-TEEM-IN-A'TION, n. A settling or bringing
to a point or issue ; a strong tendency in one di-
rection ; a settled purpose. SYN. Decision ; res-
olution. Dicision is a cutting short, and supposes
energy and promptitude ; determination (bringing
to a terminus or end) is the settling of a thing
with a fixed purpose to adhere ; resolution is a
spirit to face danger or suffering in carrying out
one's determinations. Luther was distinguished
for his prompt decision, steadfast determination,
and inflexible resolution.
DE-TEEM'lNE (13), v. t. literally, to bring to an
end ; to terminate ; to settle finally ; to decide or
resolve ; to give direction to j v. i. to come to an
end ; to form a decision.
DE-TEEM'lNED, a. Having a fixed purpose j re-
solute ; concluded ; decided.
DE-TER'SION (-ter'shun), n. The act of clean-
DE-TR'SlVE, a. Cleansing; cleaning.
DE-TEST', v. t. Literally, to call to witness against ;
hence, to regard with the strongest aversion.
SYN. Hate ; abhor ; abominate ; loathe. Hate is
generic. We abhor what is repugnant to pur
sensibilities or feelings ; we detest what contradicts
our moral principles. What we abominate does
equal violence to our religious and moral senti-
ments ; what we loathe is offensive to our nature,
and excites unmingled disgust.
DE-TEST'A-BLE, a. Very hateful. SYN. Abom-
inable ; odious.
DE-TEST'A-BLY, ad, Hatefully ; abominably.
DET-ES-TA'TION, n. Extreme hatred. SYN. Ab-
horrence ; execration; loathing; abomination.
DE-TEST'EE, n. One who abhors or abominates.
DE-THEONE', v. t. To drive from the throne ; to
depose.
DE-THEONE'MENT, n. Act of dethroning; re-
moval from the throne.
DKT'I-NOE (dt-t'e-nu), n. A writ to recover goods
detained.
DET'O-NATE, v. t. To cause to explode; to burn
with report ; v. i. to explode.
DET'0-NA-TING POW'DEE, n. Fulminating
mercury, highly explosive when struck or heated.
DET-O-NA'TION, n. Explosion, as of combusti-
bles.
DET'O-NIZE, v. t. To cause to explode.
DE-TOET', v. t. To wrest from the original or
plain meaning ; to twist ; to pervert.
DE-TOE'TION, n. A wresting ; a turning aside.
DE-TOUR' (da-toor'), n. [fr.] A turning; a circui-
tous way.
DE-TRA-6T', v. t. Literally, to draw from ; hence,
to lessen or derogate from SYN. To depreciate ;
withhold; withdraw; defame.
DE-TEA'TION (trak'shun), n. Slander; defa-
mation.
DE-TEA-GT'IVE, ") a . Containing detraction ;
DE-TEA'TIOUS, $ tending to lessen reputation.
DE-TRAT'OR, n. One who detracts or slanders.
DET'RI-MENT, n. That which injures. SYN.
Damage; injury; loss; harm; mischief.
DET-RI-MENT'AL, a. Causing loss ; injurious.
DE-TEPTAL, a. Pertaining to detritus.
DE-TEl"TION (-trish'un), n. A wearing off.
DE-TEI'TUS, n. In geology, earthy substance worn
off from rocks, &c., and reduced to small portions
by rubbing together.
DE-TRUDE', v. t. To thrust or force down.
DE-TEtJN'ATE, v. t. To shorten by loppincr off.
DE-TEtT'SlON (tru'zhun), n. Act of thrusting
down.
DEUCE (duse), n. Two in cards or dice.
DEOCE (duse), n. An evil spirit; a demon.
Vulg.
DEU-TEE-OG'A-MY, n. A second marriage.
DEO-TEE-ON'O-MY, n. Second giving of the law
of Moses ; name of fifth book of the Pentateuch.
DE-VAP-O-EA'TION, n. Change of vapour into
water, as in rain.
DEV'AS-TATE, v. t. To lay waste. SYN. To deso-
late ; ravage; waste; destroy; demolish.
DEV-AS-TA'TION, n. A laying waste. SYN. Rav-
age; desolation; destruction; wasting.
DEV
120
DIA
1, fi, &c., long. I, fl, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
DE-VEL'OP, *. t. To unfold; to lay open to view
to disclose.
DE-VEL'OP-MENT, n. An unfolding; disclosure
the unravelling of a plot.
DE-VEST', v. t. To strip; to take from. Se
DIVEST.
DE-VEST', v. t. In law, to be lost or alienated.
DE-VEX'I-TY, n. A bending down ; a sloping.
DE'VI-ATE, v. i. To wander ; to depart from rule
to err ; to sin ; to digress ; to stray.
DE-VI-A'TION, n. A turning aside from the way ,
a departure from rule ; an error ; a wandering
from the path of duty ; unnecessary departure o "
a ship from the course of her voyage as insured.
DE-VICE', n. Act of devising ; scheme ; trick ; an
emblem or symbolical representation. SYN. Con
trivance. A device implies more of invention ; a
contrivance more of skill in manipulation. The
former word is often used in a bad sense ; the
latter almost always in a good one, as a crafty
device, a useful contrivance. .
DEVIL (dSv'vl), n. The chief of the fallen angels
improperly, an evil spirit, instead of demon.
DEV'IL-ISH (dey'vl-ish), o. Like the devil; very
wicked ; diabolical ; infernal ; malicious.
DEVIL-ISM, o. The state of demons.
DEV'IL-EY, n. Diabolical or mischievous con-
duct.
DE'VI-OTJS, a. Going astray; erring from the
path ; out of the common way or track ; roving.
DE-VIS' A-BLE, a. That may be contrived, or that
may be given by will.
DE-VISE' (de-vlze'), n. A gift by will, or the will
itself.
DE-VISE', v. t. To contrive ; to plan ; to bequeath ;
v. i. to consider ; to form a plan or scheme.
DEV-I-SEE', n. One to whom a thing is given by
will.
DE-VIS'ER, n. One who contrives.*
DE-VIS'OR, n. One who bequeaths or wills.
DE-VOID', o. Empty; destitute; free from.
DE-VOIR' (dev-wor'), n. [Fr.l Primarily, service or
duty ; hence, an act of civility or respect.
DEV-O-LU'TION, n. An act of devolving; re-
moval from one person to another ; a falling by
succession.
DE-VOLVE', v. t. To roll down ; to deliver over.
DE-VOLVE'MENT, n. The act of devolving.
DE-VOTSri-AN, a. The Old Red Sandstone system
is called Devonian, because typically developed in
Devonshire.
DE-VOTE', v. t. To give up by a vow or solemnly ;
to dedicate; to doom to evil. SYN. To conse-
crate ; addict ; destine ; consign.
DE-VOT'ED, a. Ardent; zealous; strongly at-
tached.
DEV-O-TEE', n. One devoted ; a bigot.
DE-VOTE'MENT, n. Devotedness ; dedication.
DE-VO'TION, n. The state of being solemnly set
apart to something ; solemn worship ; prayer to
the Supreme Being ; ardent love. SYN. Conse-
cration ; devotedness ; ardour ; attachment ;
piety ; earnestness.
DE-VO'TION-AL, o. Pertaining to devotion;
suited to worship; used in worship.
DE-VO'TION-AL-LY, ad. As moved by devotional
feelings.
DE-VO UR', v. t. To consume ; to eat up ; to eat
greedily ; to destroy.
DE-VOUR'ER, n. One who devours, destroys, or
preys on.
DE-VOUT', o. Marked by devotion ; given to
prayer; expressing very strong interest. SYN.
Pious ; religious ; holy ; prayerful ; solemn ;
earnest; sincere.
DE-VOUTLY, ad. Piously ; with solemn devotion.
DE-VOUT'NESS, n. Devotion ; seriousness ; piety.
DEW (du), n. Moisture deposited at night in con-
sequence of the abstraction of caloric from the
air.
DEW, v. t. To wet with dew.
X>EW'BER-RY. n. The creeping blackberry.
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TBRM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
DEW'DROP (du'drop), n. A drop or spangle of
dew.
DE WI-NESS, 7i. State of moisture from dew.
DEWLAP, n. The flesh under an ox's throat.
DEW'-POINT, n. The temperature at which dew
begins to form.
DEWY (du'y), a. Wet or moist with dew; like dew.
DEX'TER. a. [L.] Right as opposed to left.
DEX-TER'I-TY, n. Literally, right-handedness ;
hence, activity and expertness, either of the
hands or the mind. SYN. Adroitness ; skill ;
tact ; cleverness ; aptitude ; address ; faculty.
DEXTER-OUS, a. Ready and expert in body or
mind. SYN. Adroit; skilful; clever; apt;
handy.
DEXTER-OUS-LY, ad. With expertness or ac-
tivity.
DEX'TRAL, a. The right as opposed to left.
DEY (da), TV. Title of the former governor of Al-
giers.
DI, a prefix, contracted from dis, denotes from,
separation, negation, or two.
DP A, [Gr.] a prefix, denotes through. [urine.
DI-A-BE'TS (-be'tez), n. A morbid discharge of
DI-A-BT'I, a. Pertaining to diabetes.
DI-AB'LE-RY (de-abler-y), n. [JY.] Devilry ; con-
juration ; a diabolical deed.
DI-A-BOL'H), ")a. Devilish ; impious ; out-
DI-A-BOLTG-AL, j rageously wicked.
DI-AB'O-LISM, n. The actions of the devil.
DI-A-GH'Y-LUM, ") (di-ak'y-), n. In medicine, a onol-
DI-A^H'Y-LON, j lifying plaster of hydrated
oxide of lead boiled with olive oil.
DI-A'O-NAL, a. Pertaining to a deacon.
Dl-A-eotJS'TIS, n. pi. The science or doctrine of
refracted sounds.
DI-A-RIT'I!-AL, a. Serving to discriminate.
Dl'A-DEM, n. A crown ; a mark of royalty.
DI'A-DEMED (dl'a-demd), a. Adorned with a dia-
dem ; crowned ; decorated.
DI-^R'E-SIS (dl-eVe-sis), n. ; pi. DI-^R'E-SES, ") .
DI-ER'E-SIS, n. ; pi. DI-E'RE-SES,
mark ( ) over a diphthong to showthat its letters
are to be pronounced separately, as aer.
OI-AG-NO'SIS, a. Discrimination of the charac-
teristics of a thing, especially of a disease.
Dl-AG-NOS'TLe, a. Distinguishing; characteristic.
Dl-AG-NOS'Tie, n. A sign or symptom by which
a disease ia known from others.
Dl-AG'O-NAL, 7i. A line from angle to angle of a
square, &c.
Dl-AG'O-NAL, a. Extending from one angle to
another of a geometrical figure, and dividing it
into two parts ; being in an angular direction.
Dl-AG'O-NAL-LY, ad. Across from one corner to
the other.
DI'A-GRAM, n. A mathematical figure or scheme
drawn for illustration ; a plan.
Dl'A-GRAPH (dl'a-graf), n. An instrument used in
perspective drawing.
)I'AL, 7i. A plate to show the hour by the sun and
shadow.
)I'A-LET, n. Speech ; peculiar form of speech.
DI-A-LE'TK!, } a. Pertaining to dialect;
DI-A-LE'TI-AL, j logical.
Dl-A-LE-Tl"CIAN (tish'an), n. A logician.
Dl-A-LE'TieS, n. i)l. The practical part of logic
which treats of the rules of reasoning.
)I'ALL-ING, 7i. The science or art of making
dials.
DI'AL-IST, n. One skilled in making dials.
)I-AL'O-GIST, n. The speaker or writer of a dia
logue.
)I-AL-O-GlSTTG, ") a. Having the form of a
)I-AL-0-G1ST'I-AL,J dialogue.
)I'A-LOGUE (-log), n. A discourse between two or
more ; a written composition representing two or
more persons as conversing. [esis.
DI-AL'Y-SIS, n. Separation ; exhaustion ; a dier-
)I-A-MAG-NT'I, a. Applied to substances that,
when suspended, place themselves at right angles
to the magnetic meridian.
DIA
121
DIF
:, BTTLL; vr"cioirs
J>6V*, WQLF, B9QKJ
Ol-AM'E-TEE, n. A right line througli the centre
of a circle or other curvilinear figure, terminated
by the curve, and dividing it into two equal
DI-AM'E-TRAL, a. Pertaining to diameter.
DI-A-METEI-AL, a. Describing a diameter ; di-
rect ; in the direction of the diameter.
D1-A-MET'EI-AL-LY, ad. Directly.
DPA-MOND (da'a-mond or dl'mond), n. A precious
etone of the most valuable kind, remarkable for
its hardness ; crystallized carbon ; a cutting in-
strument used by glaziers ; a very small printing
type ; a figure otherwise called a rhombus ; a. like
a diamond.
DI'A-PA'SON, n. In music, an octave or interval
which includes all the tones.
DI-A-PEN'TE, n. A filth in music.
DI'A-PEE, n. Fisrured linen ; cloth for towels, &c.
DI'A-PEE, v. t. To variegate with figured works,
flowers, &c.
Dl-A-PHA-NE'I-TY, n. The power of transmitting
light ; transparency.
DI-A-PHAN'H3 (-fan'ik), a. Having power to trans-
mit light.
DI-APH'A-NOUS (-fifa-nus), a. Pellucid; trans-
Parent; clear.
A-PHONl-eS (-fon'iks), n. The doctrine of re-
fracted sound.
DI-A-PHO-EE'SIS, n. Augmented perspiration or
sweat.
DI'A-PHBAQM (di'a-fram), n. The midriff; a par-
tition or dividing substance.
DI'A-EIST, n. One who keeps a diary.
Dl-AR-RHE'A, ) ,,..,. (n. Looseness of the
DI-AR-RHCE'A, j ^ lea >"> bowels, with unusual
evacuation.
DI-AE-KHET'I (-r?t'ik), a. Pertaining to diar-
rhea or promoting it.
DI'A-KY, n. An account of daily events or trans-
actions ; a journal.
DI-AS'TO-LE, n. The dilatation of the heart ; a
figure by which a syllable naturally short is made
long.
DI-A-TES'SA-EON, n. The interval of a fourth ; a
harmony of the four gospels.
Dl-ATH'E-SIS, n. A predisposition to particular
diseases ; certain state of the body.
Dl-A-TONTG, a. Ascending or descending by
tones or semitones.
DI'A-TRIBE, n. A continued or tedious discourse
or disputation.
DlB'BLE, n. A pointed tool for planting- seeds.
DlB'BLE, v. t. To plant with a dibble.
DICE, n. ; pi. of DIE. A game with dice.
DICE'-BOX. n. A box to throw dice from.
DI-CEPH'A-LOUS (-s5i'a-lus), a. Having two
heads on one body.
DI'HRO-ISM (di'kro-izm), n. The property of
appearing under two distinct colours, according
to the direction in which light is transmitted
through a body.
DI-eHRO-MAT'I!, a. Having two colours.
DlCK'EE, n. The number of ten hides or skins.
D1CKT, n. A false shirt-front with or without col-
lar ; a seat behind a carriage for servants.
DI-O-TY-LE'DON, n. A plant whose seeds divide
into two lobes in germinating.
Dl'TATE, v. t. To direct ; to impel with author-
ity. SYN. To prescribe; enjoin; command;
urge; admonish; v. i. to tell something to be
written down.
Dl-CTATE, n. An authoritative rule or impulse.
SYN. Admonition ; suggestion.
DI-TA'TION, n. An order ; act of dictating.
DI-TA'TOR, 7i. One invested with, unlimited
power.
Die-TA-TO'EI-AL, a. Unlimited in power; dog-
matical.
DLe-TA'TOR-SHIP, n. The office of a dictator.
DITA-TO-RY, a. Overbearing; dogmatical.
D1-TATEIX, n. A female who dictates; dicta-
ess.
-e as K j 6 ns J ; a&sz; CH as SH j VHIS,
DI-GTION (dlk'shun), n. Form of words in which
ideas are expressed. SYN. Style; phraseology. >
Style relates both to language and thought ; dic-
tion to language only ; phraseology to the me-
chanical structure of sentences or the mode in
which they are phrased. The style of Burke was
enriched with all the higher graces of composi-
tion ; his diction, was varied and copious ; his
phraseology, at times, was careless and cumber-
some.
Dt-6'TION-A-RY, 7i. A book in which words are
alphabetically arranged and explained; lexicon;
word-book.
Dl-G'TUM, n ; pi. Di-e'iA. An authoritative word,
saying, or assertion.
DID, met. of Do.
Dl-DA-e'TI, ) a. Giving instruction; pro
Dl-DA8'TI-AL, / ceptive ; doctrinal.
Dl-DA'TYL-OUS, a. Having two toes.
DlD'DLE, v. t. To cheat ; to overreach.
DIE (dl), v. i. To lose life; to expire; to cease;
to vanish ; to languish ; to recede ; to perish.
DIE (dl), n. ; pi. DICE. A small cube marked on
its faces, from one to six, used in gaming ; hazard ;
chance. In architecture, the cubical part of the
pedestal between the base and the cornice ;
dado.
DIE, n. ; pi. DIES (dize). A stamp used in coining
money, &c.
DI'ET, n. Manner of living ; food > board ; a con-
vention of princes, &c.
DI'ET, v. t. To feed ; to supply with food ; v. t.
to eat by rule ; to eat sparingly.
DI'ET-A-EY, a. Pertaining to diet or to the rules
of diet ; 7i. rule of diet.
Dl-E-TET'I-e, a. Pertaining to diet.
Dl-E-TETT'S, n. pi. The philosophy or principles
of regulating diet ; the classification of food, so
as to prevent or cure diseases.
DIF'FEE, v. i. To be unlike ; to disagree. SYN
Differ with ; differ from. Differ icith is used with
questionable propriety, in reference to opinions,
as " I differ with my friend on that point." In
all other cases, expressing simple unlikeness,
differ from is used, as, " These two persons or
things differ entirely from each other."
DlF'FEE-ENCE, n. State of being unlike or dis-
tinct ; state of contention ; ground of controversy.
SYN. Diversity ; dissimilarity ; contrariety ; dis-
agreement ; variance ; dispute ; quarrel ; contro-
versy.
DIF'FEE-ENT, a. Unlike; distinct; separate.
DIF-FEE-EN'TIAL, a. Eelating to differences.
DIF-FER-EN'TIAL 'AL't 1 -LUS, n. That branch
of mathematics which explains the methods o*
finding the differentials of all determinate func-
tions.
DlF'FER-ENT-LY, ad. With disagreement.
DlF'FI-ULT, a. Hard to be done ; hard to be
pleased.
DlF'FI-UL-TY, n. Hardness to be done ; em-
barrassment ; objection ; perplexity ; obstacle.
DlF'FI-DENCE, n. Want of confidence ; modest
reserve. SYN. Distrust ; doubt ; fear ; timidity.
DlFTFI-DENT, a. Distrustful; bashful; timid.
DIF'FLU-ENT, a. Flowing every way ; not fixed.
DIF-FORM I-TY, n. Unlikeness; dissimilitude.
DIF-FEA-eT, t;. t. To break in pieces, as light.
DIF-FEA-6'TION, n. A change in light when pass-
ing the edge of an opaque body ; it has parallel
bands or fringes.
DIF-FRAN'CHISE (-fran'chiz). See DISFRANCHISE.
DIF-FCSE' (-fuze'), v.t. To pour out ; to spread ;
to disperse ; to extend in all directions.
DIF-FCSE' (-fuce'), a. Widely spread; using or
containing many words. SYN. Copious; prolix;
verbose ; expansive.
DIF-FCSE'LY, ad. Widely; copiously; fully.
DIF-FCSE 'NESS, n. The quality of being diffuse ;
wanting conciseness.
DIF-FU-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Quality of being diffu-
sible, or capable of being spread.
DIF
122
DIM
I, , &c., long. I, fi, &c., 87iort. CAKE, PAR, LAST, S-ALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE.
DIF-FC'$I-BLE, o. That may be diffused.
DIF-F0'SION (-fu'zhun), n. A spreading ; disper-
sion; extension.
DIF-FtT'SlVE, o. That spreads widely ; extensive.
DIG, v. t. [jpret. and pp. DIGGED and Duo."j To
open, break, or turn up the earth with a spade ; to
thrust in ; v. i. to work with a spade ; to delve ;
to excavate ; to pierce ; to work in search of.
DI-GAM'MA, ?i. The name of an early Greek let-
te_r, nearly resembling F in form.
DI'GEST, 11. A collection or body of Roman laws,
arranged under proper titles by order of the Em-
Eeror Justinian ; any collection or summary of
iws disposed under proper heads ; pandect.
Dl-GEST' (de-jest'), v. t. To dissolve in the stom-
ach ; to reduce to method mentally. SYN. To ar-
range ; distribute ; dispose.
Dl-GEST'EE, n. One who sets in order; that
which aids digestion ; a strong metallic vessel for
dissolving bones, &c.
Dl-GEST-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being di-
gested.
Dl-GEST'I-BLE (de-j5st'e-bl), a. Capable of being
digested.
Dl-GES
rES'TION (de-jSst'yun), n. The process of dis-
solving food in the stomach and preparing it for
circulation and nourishment, In chemistry, the op-
eration of exposing bodies to heat or slow action
of a solvent, to prepare them for mutual action.
Dl-GEST'lVE, a. Causing digestion ; dissolving.
DIG'GING, n. The act of digging ; the place where
gold, &c., is dug.
DlGHT(dite),i>. t. To dress; to adorn.
DlG'IT (dij'it), n. Three fourths of an inch; the
twelfth part of the diameter of the sun or moon ;
an integer below ten.
DlG'I-TAL, a. Eelating to a digit or finger.
DIG-I-TA'LIS, n. Tl'e fox-glove.
DlG'l-TATE, o. Branching into leaflets like fin-
(dij-it-a'shun), n, A finger-like
division or process.
DlG'NI-FLED (-fide), a. Invested with dignity;
marked with dignity ; noble ; august ; stately.
DlG'NI-FY, v. t. To invest with honour ; to make
illustrious. SYN. To exalt ; elevate; ennoble.
DlG'NI-TA-EY, n. A clergyman of superior rank.
DlG'NI-TY, n. Elevation of mind ; high rank ;
grandeur of mien or deportment. See DECORUM.
DI'GEAPH, 7i. A union of two vowels, one only
being sounded, as oa in boat.
Dl-GEESS', i?. i. To turn from the main subject.
SYN. To wander; deviate; depart.
Dl-GEES'SION (de-gr6sh'un), n. A deviation from
the siibject ; deviation.
Dl-GEES'SION-AL, a. Pertaining to digression.
Dl-GEESS'lVE, a. Departing from the main sub-
ject.
D1-JO'DI-ATE, v. t. To judge; to censure.
DI-JU-DI-A'TION, n. A judgment between two ;
judicial decision.
DIKE, 71. A ditch; a mound of earth ; melted min-
eral matter bursting through strata and filling
the rents.
DT-LAC'EE-ATE, v. t. To tear ; to rend.
DI-LAC-EE-A'TION (-las-er-a'shun), n. Act of
rending asunder.
Dl-LA'NI-ATE, v. t. To tear ; to lacerate.
Di-LAP'I-DATE, v. t. To pull down ; to destroy;
r>. i. to go to ruin ; to suffer to go to ruin.
Dl-LAP'I-DA-TED, a. Suffered to go to ruin.
DI-LAP-I-DATION, n. A destroying ; decay ; ec-
clesiastical waste.
DI-LA-TA-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality of admitting
expansion.
DI-LAT'A-BLE, o. That may be dilated.
DIL-A-TA'TION, n. Act of dilating ; expansion.
DI-LATE', v. t. To spread out in all directions ; to
speak or relate at great length ; v. i. to swell out
or expand ; to dwell upon or speak at great
length. SYN. To expand ; extend ; distend.
DlL'A-TO-EI-LY, ad. Slowly ; tardily ; with delay.
DlL'A-TO-EY, a. Given to delay. SYN. Slow;
tardy; sluggish; inactive.
DI-LEM'MA, n. A perplexing state or alternative ;
a difficult or doubtful choice. In logic, an argument
conclusive on either of two contrary suppositions.
DIL-ET-TAN'TE n. ; pi. DIL-ET-TAN'TI. An admirer
of the fine arts.
DIL-ET-TAN'TE-ISM, n. The pursuits and feel-
ings of a dilettante.
DIL'I-GENCE (diTe-zhanse), n. [Fr.] The name of
a kind of stage-coach used in Europe.
DIL'I-GENCE, 7i. Steady application to some em-
ployment. SYN. Industry. Industry has the
wider sense of the two, implying a habitual de-
votion to labour for some valuable end, as know-
ledge, property, &c. ; diligence (from diligo, to pre-
fer or love) denotes earnest application to some
specific object or pursuit. A man may be diligent
for a time, or in seeking some favourite end, with-
out meriting the title of industrious. Such was the
case with Fox, while Burke was eminent not only
for diligence, but industry; he was always at
work, and always looking out for some new field of
mental effort.
DlL'I-GENT, o. Steady in application to business.
SYN. Assiduous ; industrious ; constant ; heed-
ful; sedulous. [carefully.
DlL'I-6ENT-LY, ad. With steady application;
DlLL, 7i. An aromatic plant.
Dl-LO'CID, a. Clear; not obscure.
Dl-LU'CID-ATE, v. t. To clear ; to illustrate.
DlL'0-ENT, a. Making thin or weak, as a liquor.
DlL'0-ENT, 7i. That which reduces strength as of
liquors ; that which thins or attenuates. In medi-
cine, applied to a liquid that tends to increase the
fluids of the body.
Dl-LUTE', v. t. To make more thin ; to weaken.
Dl-LUTE', a. Weakened with water; rendered
thin.
DI-LtJT'ED, o. Weakened; reduced.
Dl-LU'TION (de-lu'shun), n. Act of making more
thin or weakening.
Dl-LtJ'VI-AL, } a. Eelating to a flood, especially to
Di-LU'VI-AN, 5 the deluge in Noah's days.
Dl-LU'VI-UM, 7i. In geology, a surface deposit of
clay, sand, gravel, boulders, &c., caused by extra-
ordinary currents of water.
DlM, a. Not seeing clearly, as dim eyes ; not clear-
ly seen, as a dim prospect ; somewhat dark.
SYN. Obscure ; dusky ; dull ; sullied.
DIM, v. t. To cloud; to darken; to obscure; to
render dull.
DIME, 7i. A silver coin of the United States, val-
ue ten cents ; the tenth of a dollar.
Dl-MEN'SION (de-men'shun) , n. Extent of a body.
SYN. Bulk ; size ; capacity.
Dl-MEN'SION-LESS, a. Without dimensions;
boundless.
Dl-MlD'I-ATE, v. t. To divide into two equal parts.
Dl-MlN'ISH, v. t. To make less or smaller ; v. i.
to become less ; to appear less. SYN. To lessen ;
decrease; abate; reduce. See DECREASE.
DI-MIN-U-EN'DO, in music, directs to lessen the
volume of sound.
Dl-MlN'TJ-ENT, a. Lessening ; diminishing.
DIM-I-NO'TION, n. Act of making smaller; a
lessening ; state of becoming or appearing less.
Dl-MIN'0-TlVE, TJ. In grammar, a word or ending
which lessens the meaning of the original word,
on which it is formed, as gosling.
DlM'IS-SO-EY, a. Dismissing to another jurisdic-
tion ; granting leave to depart.
DIM'I-TY, n. A kind of white cotton cloth ribbed.
DIM-LY, ad. Obscurely ; with imperfect sight.
DIM'MISH, a. Slightly dim.
DlM'NESS, n. Dullness of sight ; want of clear-
ness ; faintness ; want of brightness ; imperiec-
tion. See DARKNESS.
DI-MOEPH'OUS, a. Having the property of crys-
tallizing with such difference of angles as to ren-
der doubtful which of the two form* is the pri-
mary oiie.
DIM
3, WOLF, BOOK ;
123
DIS
DlM'PLE (dirn'pl) , n. A hollow in the cheek or chin.
DlM'PLE, v. i. To form dimples or hollows; to
sink into depressions.
DlN, n. Noise ; clatter ; continued sounds.
DIN, v. t. To strike with continued sounds ; to
stun with noise. [persons.
DlN'AR-HY (din'ar-ky), n. Government by two
DINE, v. i. To eat a dinner ; v. t. to give a dinner ;
to furnish with food.
DlNG, v. t. To thrust or dash violently ; to force
or urge ; v. i. to bluster ; to make an ado.
DlNG'-DONG, n. Words used to express the
sound of bells.
DlN'GI-NESS, n. A dark, dusky hue.
DlNG'GLE (ding'gl), n. A hollow or narrow dale
between hills.
DlN'GY, a. Dark ; dusky ; soiled ; sullied.
DIN'NER, n. The chief meal of the day.
DlNT, n. An impression ; mark of a blow ; force.
DlNT, v. t. Tc make a hollow ; to indent.
DI-O-CE-SAN (di-os'e-san or dl-o-se'san), a. Pertain-
ing to a diocese.
Dl-O-CE-SAN (dl-5s'e-san or di-o-se'san), n. A bish-
op ; one who holds a diocese, with its jurisdiction.
DI'O-CF.SE, 71. The jurisdiction of a bishop.
DI'O-DON, n. A genus of fishes that have the
power of inflating the belly, hence called globe-
fishes.
DI-GP'TRIG, ) a. Pertaining to dioptrics: as-
DK>P'TRI-AL, | sisting the sight.
DI-OP'TRICS, n. pi. That part of optics which
treats of the refraction of light passing through
different media.
Dl-O-RA'MA, 7i. An exhibition of paintings, in
which the shades and colouring are varied by a.
change of light, thus increasing greatly the op-
tical illusion ; a building for such exhibitions.
DI-O-RAMTG, a. Pertaining to a diorama.
DIP, v. t. [pret. and pp. DIPPED or DIPT.] To
plunge or immerse ; v. i. to sink ; to incline down-
ward ; to enter i?ito slightly. [tal line.
DIP, n. Inclination downward below the horizon-
Dl-PET'AL-OUS, a. Having two petals.
DIPH-THE'RI-A, n. A disease of the throat, cha-
racterized by white patches and great prostration
of strength.
DlPH'THONG (ctfp'thong or dif th ong) ,71. A union
of two vowels in one sound or syllable.
DIPH-THONG'GAL, a. Belonging to or consisting
of a diphthong. [merit or honour.
Dt-PLO'MA, n. A deed of privilege : certificate of
Dl-PLO'MA-CY, n. Customs and rules of ambas-
sadors and other public ministers ; forms of nego-
tiations ; whole body of ministers at a foreign
court ; the agency, art, or management of mini-
sters at a foreign court.
DlP-LO-MAT'ie, a. Pertaining to diplomas or
public ministers.
Dl-PLO'MA-TIST, ) 71. A person employed or skilled
DlP'LO-MAT, j in diplomacy.
DlP'PER, 71. One that dips ; a vessel for dipping;
a ladle ; a bird.
DlP'PlNG, 7i. An immersion ; act of inclining to-
ward the earth, or downward.
Di P'PING-NEE'DLE, n. A magnetic needle which
dips or inclines to the earth.
DI-RA-DI-A'TION, 7i. Rays of light emitted and
diffused from a luminous body.
DIRE, a. Dreadful; dismal; horrible.
DI-KK'T', a. Straight; right; plain; express.
Dl-RET', v. t. To order ; to regxilate ; to aim ;
to address.
Dl-RE'TION, n. Literally, a pointing out ;
hence, line of motion or aim ; superscription of a
letter, package, &c. ; address; board of managers ;
order. SYN. Control ; command. Control is ne-
gative, denoting power to restrnii: :
positive, implying a right to enforce obedience ;
directions are commands containing instructions
how to act. A shipmaster commands his vessel ;
he directs the seamen, and controls the conduct of
the passengers.
BULL ; vf'cious. -G as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
Dl-RE^JT'IVE, a. Giving direction; adapted to
direct ; informing.
Dl-RET'LY, ad. Literally, in a straight line;
without delay; soon. SYN. Immediately; in-
stantly ; instantaneously. " I will do it directly,"
means, " I will go straightway about it."" I will
glitway about it.
do it immediately," means, "I will do it as the
very next thing." "I will do it instatanth/, or
insta7itaneously," allows not a particle of delay.
Dl-RET'NESS, n. Straightness j shortness of
way.
Dl-RE-CT'OR, n. One who orders ; a superintend-
ent; one appointed to transact the affairs of a
company, as the director of a bank.
Dl-RE-TO'RI-AL, a. Serving for direction ; im-
plying command.
D1-RET'OR-SHIP, n. Office of director.
Dl-RECT'O-RY, 7i. A rule; a guide or book of di-
rections ; a. tending to direct ; enjoining.
DI-RECIT'RESS, n. A female who directs.
DI-RE-6T' TAX, n. A tax assessed directly on an
object, as distinguished from that involved in the
price of an article.
DIRE'FUL, a. Dreadful; dismal; horrible.
DIRE'FUL-LY, ad. Dreadfully ; horribly.
DIRGE (17), 7i. A funeral song or tune.
DIRK (17), 7i. A kind of dagger or poniard.
DlRK, v. t. To stab with a dirk or dagger.
DlRT (17), 7i. Earth; mud; filth; any foul sub-
stance ; v. t. to make dirty or foul ; to bedaub.
DlRT'I-LY, ad. Filthily ; foully; by low means.
DlRT'Y (17), a. Foul with dirt or filth; mean;
base ; v. t. to make foul or filthy ; to soil.
DlS, a prefix or inseparable preposition, denoting
separation; it has the force of a privative and
negative, as in disarm, disagree, and in a few cases
it is intensive.
DIS-A-BlL'I-TY, n. "Want of competency or rieht.
SYN. Inability. Inability is want of power in
itself considered ; disability arises from some de-
privation or loss of the needed competency. One
who becomes deranged is under a disability of
holding his estate ; and one who is made a judge,
of deciding in his own case.
DIS-A'BLE, v. t. To deprive of strength; to dis-
qualify ; to weaken or deprive of adequate means.
DIS-A'BLED, a. Deprived of power ; disqualified ;
weakened.
DIS-A'BLE-MENT, n. Weakness; legal impedi-
ment.
DIS-A-BtTSE', v. t. To free from mistake i to un-
deceive.
DIS-A--eOM'MO-DATE, v. t. To put to inconve-
nience.
DIS-A-OM-MO-DA'TION, n. A state of being
unfit or unprepared.
DIS-A-6-etrS'TOM, v. t. To disuse by neglect oi
custom ; to cease to practise.
DIS-A^-KNOWL'EDGE (-ak-uollej), v. t. To deny;
to disown.
DIS-AD-VAN'TAGE, n. Unfavourable state'; inju-
ry ; that which prevents or renders success diffi-
cult.
DIS-AD-VAN-TA'GEOUS (-tu'jus), a. Unfavourable
to success.
DIS-AD-VAN-TA'GEOUS-LY, ad. With disadvan-
tage.
DIS-AF-FET', v. t. To make less friendly; to
alienate affection.
DIS-AF-FET'ED, pp. or a. Having the affectiong
alienated.
DIS-AF-FE'TION, n. Alienation of good will j
want of affection ; dislike.
DIS-AF-FiRM', v. t, To deny ; to contradict.
DIS-AF-FiRM'ANCE, n. Denial ; disproof; judi-
cial annulment.
DIS-AF-FOR'EST, v. t. To reduce from the pri-
vileges of a forest to the state of common
ground.
DIS-AG-GRE-GATION, n. Act of segregating or
separating an aggregate body into its component
parts.
DIS
124
DIS
I, 8, &c., long. I, i, &c., snort CARE, PAR, LAST,
DIS-A-GEEE', v. i. To be discordant ; to differ in
opinion; to be unsuitable. SYN. To vary; dis-
sent ; quarrel.
DIS-A-GEEE'A-BLE, a. Unpleasant to the mind
or senses. SYN. Offensive ; disgusting.
DIS-A-GEEE'A-BLY, ad. Unpleasantly.
DIS-A-GEEE'MENT, n. Difference in form or
essence ; contrariety of opinion or feeling. SYN.
Diversity ; discrepancy ; variance ; dissent ; mis-
understanding ; jar ; discord.
DIS-AL-LO W, v. t. To disapprove ; to reject ; not
to permit.
DIS-AL-LOW'A-BLE, o. Not allowable ; not to be
permitted.
DIS-AL-LOW'ANCE, n. Eefusal to permit; dis-
approbation ; prohibition ; rejection.
DIS-ANH'OE (-ank'ur), v. t. To force from an-
chorage.
DIS-AN'I-MATE, v. t. To deprive of spirit.
DIS-AN-NEX', v. t. To disunite; to separate.
DIS-AN-N0L'. See ANNUL.
DIS-A-NO1NT', v. t. To make anointing invalid.
DIS-AP-PAE'EL, v. t. To disrobe; to undress.
DIS-AP-PEAB', v. i. To vanish from the sight ;
to recede from the view.
DIS-AP-PEAE'ANCE, n. A withdrawing from
DIS g AP-POINT', r. t. To defeat of expectation or
desire ; to frustrate ; to baulk.
DIS-AP-POINT'MENT, n. A defeat of hopes;
failure of expectation or plan.
DIS-AP-PEO-BA'TION, n. A disapproving; dis-
like ; expression of censure.
DIS-AP-PBO'PBI-ATE, v. t. To divert from ap-
propriation ; a. not appropriated.
DIS-AP-PEOV'AL, n. Disapprobation ; dislike.
DIS-AP-PEOVE' (-proov'), v. t. To blame ; to con-
demn in opinion or judgment; to manifest dis-
like ; to reject.
DIS-AEM' (diz-iirm'), v. t. To deprive of arms or
means of attack or defence ; to weaken or dis-
able ; to strip of.
DIS-AE-EANGE', v. t. To put out of order ; to
unsettle.
DIS-AB-EANGE'MENT, n. The act of disturbing
order or method; disorder.
DIS-AE-EAY', v. t. To undress ; to put out of
order ; to overthrow.
DIS-AE-EAY', n. "Want of order ; confusion ; un-
dress.
DIS-AS-SO'CI-ATE, v. t. To disunite ; to break off
from society.
DIS-AS'TEB (diz-as'ter), n. A sudden misfortune.
SYN. Mishap; calamity; mischance.
DIS-AS'TEOUS, a. Unlucky; calamitous; afflic-
tive.
DIS-A-VOUCH', v. t. To retract; to deny; to dis-
own.
DIS-A-VOW, v. t. To deny ; to disown ; to dissent
from.
DIS- A-VOW'AL, n. A disowning ; denial.
DIS-BAND', v. t. To dismiss ; to scatter ; v. i. to
retire from military service; to separate; to
break up.
DIS-BE-LIEF (-leef), n. Eefusal of belief. SYN.
Unbelief. Unbelief is a mere failure to admit;
disbelie/is a positive rejection. One may bean
unbeliever in Christianity from ignorance or want
of inquiry ; a disbeliever has the proofs before him,
and incurs the guilt of setting them aside.
DIS-BE-LIEVE' (-leev'), v. t. Not to believe ; to
discredit ; to deny.
DIS-BE-LIEV'EB, n. One who does not believe,
or denies a thing to be true or real ; an infidel.
DIS-BO WEL, v. t. To take out the intestines ; to
eviscerate.
DIS-BCE'DEN (-bur'dn), v. t. To unload; to dis-
charge ; v. -i. to relieve the mind ; to be set at
ease.
Dlb-BCTESE', v. t. To expend or layout; to pay
out money.
DlS-BUBSE'MENT.n, Laying out; expenditure.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TfiKM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
DIS-BUES'ER, n. One who lays out or expends;
one who pays out money.
DIS!. See DISK.
DIS-AED', v. t. To cast off; reject. SYN. Dis-
miss. To dismiss a servant is simply to send him
away; to discard is to cast off or reject him, like
useless cards thrown from the hand.
DIS-AE'NATE, a. Stripped of flesh.
DIS-CEEN' (13), v. t. To see; to perceive; to
judge; v. i. to see the difference; to make a dis-
crimination.
DIS-CfiEN'EE, n. One who discerns ; an observer.
DIS-CEBN'I-BLE, a. That may be seen ; discover-
able.
DIS-CEEN'ING, a. Able to see or distinguish;
knowing; sharp-sighted.
DIS-CEBN'ING, n. The power of distinguishing.
DIS-CEEN'MENT, n. Act of discerning ; acuteness
of judgment. SYN. Penetration; discrimination.
J>iscerwment is accuracy and keenness of mental
vision ; penetration is the power of seeing deeply
into a subject in spite of every tiling that inter-
cepts the view; discrimination is a capacity of
tracing out minute distinctions and tile nicest
shades of thought. A discerning man is not easily
misled ; one of a penetrating mind sees a multitude
of things which escape others ; a discriminating
judgment detects the slightest differences.
DIS-CEEFTION, n. Act of pulling to pieces.
DIS-CHAEGE', -u. t. To dismiss ; to unload ; to
acquit ; to fire, as arms ; to pay ; v. i. to break
up ; to release one's self.
DIS-CHAEGE', n. An unloading; firing off; dis-
mission; release; vent; emission; exemption;
payment.
DIS-CHAEG'EE, n. One that discharges.
DIS-CHAEG'ING-EOD, n. A wire bent, with
knobs on both ends, and a glass handle, to dis-
charge the Leyden jar, without a shock.
DIS-CI'PLE, n. A learner ; a scholar or follower ;
supporter ; v. t. to convert ; to proselytize.
DIS-CI-PLE-SHIP, n. State of a disciple.
DlS'CI-PLIN-A-BLE, a. Capable of or liable to
discipline.
DIS-CI-PLIN-A'EI-AN, n. One who exercises or
teaches rigid discipline.
DlS'CI-PLIN-A-EY, a. Intended for discipline.
DIS'CI-PLINE, n. Instruction; cultivation and
improvement in arts, sciences, morals, manners,
or government ; regulation of practice ; order ;
correction ; punishment.
DlS'CI-PLlNE, v. t. To instruct and govern ; to
educate ; to correct ; to chasten ; to punish.
DISCLAIM', y. t. To disown; to renounce; to
retract a claim to.
DIS-LAIM'EE, n. One who disclaims. In law,
an express denial or a renouncing of any thing
before claimed.
DIS-LA-MA'TION, n. Act of disclaiming.
DIS--GLOSE' (-kloze'), v. t. To lay open to view ; to
make known. SYN. To uncover; reveal; di-
vulge; unvail; utter. See DIVULGE.
DIS-CLOS'UEE (-klo'zhur), n. A revealing; dis-
covering.
DlS'OID, ) a. Having the form of a discus,
DIS-OID'AL, $ disk, or quoit.
DIS--e6L'OUE, v. t. To alter the colour or appear-
ance; to stain; to change the complexion; to
tinge.
DIS-^OL-OUE-A'TION, n. Change of colour ; stain.
DIS-GOM'FIT, v. t. To cause to flee. SYN. To
rout : defeat ; overthrow ; vanquish.
DIS-6M'FIT-UEE (-kum'fit-yur) , n. Defeat;
overthrow ; ruin.
DIS-OM'FOET (-kum'furt), n. Uneasiness; dis-
quiet,
DIS-OMTORT, v. t. To disturb peace or happi-
ness ; to make uneasy ; to pain ; to grieve.
DIS-6OM-MEND', v. t. To dispraise ; to blame.
DIS-eOM-MKND'A-BLE, a. Blamable.
DIS--GOM-MODE', v. t. To incommode; to put t)
inconvenience.
DIS
125
DIS
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK; BftLE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS.
DIS-OM-MO / DI-OUS, a. Inconvenient.
DIS-OM-MOD'I-TY, n. Inconvenience ; trouble.
DIS-GOM-POSE' (-poze'), v. t. To ruffle ; to dis-
turb ; to unsettle ; to confuse ; to agitate.
DIS-eOM-POSED' (-pozd'), a. Euflled; agitated;
unsettled; confused.
DIS-GOM-POS'UEE (-po'zhur), n. Disorder; dis-
turbance.
DIS-ON-CEET', v. t. To interrupt order or de-
sign ; to defeat or frustrate.
DIS-ON-CEB,T'ED, a. Broken up; frustrated;
unsettled.
DIS-ON-F6EM'I-TY, n. Want of conformity .
DIS-ON-GEU'I-TY, n. Unfitness ; ill adaptation.
DIS--eON-NET', v. t. To separate ; to disunite.
DIS--eON-NET'ED, pp. or a. Freed from
union.
DIS-GON-NE-e'TION (-nSk'shun), n. A state of
separation.
D1S-CN'SO-LATE, a. Comfortless ; melancholy ;
cast down ; sad.
DlS-eON'SOLATE-NESS, n. The state of being
disconsolate.
D1S--GON-TENT', n. Want of contentment; un-
easiness; dissatisfaction; v. t. to make uneasy;
to disquiet or dissatisfy.
DIS-eON-TfiNT'ED, a. Uneasy; dissatisfied.
DIS-ON- TENT'MENT, n. State of being dissatis-
fied; disq-aietude.
DIS-eON-TlN'tt-ANCE, n. Want of continuance ;
a breaking off. SYN. Cessation; intermission;
disjunction ; disruption ; disunion.
ElS-eON-TlN'OE, v. t. To drop; to leave off; to
cause to cease; v. i. to leave or lose a right; to
eease.
D1S-ON.TI-NC'LTY, n. A separation of parts.
DIS-eON-TiN'U-OUS, a. Sepaiate; broken off;
disjoined.
DlS'OED, n. Disagreement among persons or
things; want cf order or harmony. In music,
disagreement of sounds. SYN. Variance; dis-
sension; strife: contention; dissonance.
DIS-eOED'ANCE, >?!. Want of harmony; dis-
DIS-PORD'AN-CY, j agreement.
DIS-OED'ANT, a. Not in unison ; in a state of
opposition. SYN. Unharrnonious ; incongruous ;
repugnant; contrary; dissonant; harsh.
DlS'OUNT, n. A sum deducted on account oi'
prompt payment : the deduction of the interest on
money at the time of lending ; the sum deducted j
allowance for credit.
D1S-COUNT' or DISCOUNT, v. i. To advance
money on a note before due for a premium ; to
deduct ; to lend and deduct the interest at the
time; v. i. to lend or practise lending on interest
deducted at the time.
DIS-eOUNTA-BLE, a. That may be discount-
Dfs'OUNT-DAY, n. The day of the week on
which a bank discounts notes and bills.
D1S-COUNTE-NANCE, v. t. To discourage; tc
check by cold looks, &c.
DIS-eOUN'TE-NANCE, n. Disfavour; disappro-
bation.
DIS-OUE'AGE (-kur'aj), v. i. To weaken or de-
stroy courage ; to deprive of confidence ; to dis-
hearten ; tc dissuade.
D1S-OUE'A6E-MENT, n. The act of depriving of
courage; that which impairs confidence or dis-
heartens.
DIS'-G'OUE'AG-ING, a. Tending to depress cour-
age.
DIS-OUESE' (-korseOi n. Conversation; sermon;
treatise.
DIS-OUESE' (-korse'), v. i. To talk ; to speak ; to
converse; v. t. to utter or give forth; to treat
DIS-6UETE-OUS (-kurt'e-us), a. Uncivil;
rude.
DIrf-6UR'TE-SY (kur'te-sy), n. Incivility; rude-
ness ; ill manners.
DiS'OUS, a. Broad; flat; disc-like.
. e as E ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; Tins.
DIS-eOVER (-kuv'er), v. t. Literally, to uncover;
hence, to lay open to view ; to make known ; to
find out ; to descry ; to exhibit. SYN. Invent.
We discover what existed before but remained un-
known ; we invent by forming combinations which
are either entirely new or which attain their end
by means unknown before. Columbus discovered
America ; Whitney invented the cotton-gin.
DIS--e6V'EE-A-BLE (-kuv'er-), a. That may be
discovered.
DIS-OV'EE-EE (-kuv'er-), n. One who finds out,
makes known, or exposes.
DIS-eOV'EE-Y, n. A bringing to light; disclo-
sure ; first sight of; that which is first seen, found
out, or made.
DIS-EED'IT, n. Want of credit ; some degree
of disesteem or disgrace. SYN. Disbelief; dis-
repute ; dishonour.
DIS-GEED'IT, v. t. Not to credit or believe; to
deprive of credibility ; to bring into disrepute.
DIS-EED'IT-A-BLE, a. Injurious to reputation.
DIS--GEEET', o. Wise in avoiding errors or evil.
SYN. Prudent ; judicious ; cautious.
DIS-GEEET'LY, ad. Wisely, from nice judgment ;
cautiously.
DIS-eEEET'NESS, n. Discretion ; prudence ; qua-
lities of choosing and doing what is best.
DIS-eEEP'ANCE.orDlS'C'EEP-ANCE, ) ^..f
DIS-eREP'AN-CY.orDiS'CEEP-AN-CYj n> J
f erence ; want of agreement ; variance ; contra-
DlS'CEEP-ANT or DIS-CEEP'ANT, o. Different ;
disagreeing; contrary. [ous.
DIS--6EETE', a. Distinct ; separate ; not continu-
DIS-GEE'TION (-kresh'un), n. Prudence; judi-
ciousness ; good sense ; skill.
DlS-eEfi^TION-AL, } o. Left to discretion ;
DIS-CEty'TION-A-EY, j according to one's own
choice ; to be governed by discretion or judgment
only.
DIS--eEE'Tl"VE, a. Serving to distinguish.
DIS-ElM'I-NATE, v. t. To separate; to select
out ; to mark with notes of difference.
DIS-eElM'I-NATE, v. i. To make a difference or
distinction ; to distinguish, as in judging of evi-
dence ; to note a difference.
DIS-EIM'I-NA-TING, ppr. Distinguishing; a.
that discriminates ; peculiar.
DIS-eElM-I-NA'TION, n. A distinguishing be-
tween things ; the faculty of nicely distinguish-
ing differences. Set DISCERNMENT.
DlS-RlM'I-NA-TlVE, a. Serving to distinguish.
riS-CEiM'I-NA-TOR, 11. One who notes aad makes
a distinction or difference.
DIS--etJ'BI-TO-EY, a. Leaning ; reclining, [cuse.
DIS-etJL'PATE, v. t. To free from b!amo ; to ex-
DlS-eUM'BEN-CY, n. Act of leaning at meat.
DlS-tFM'BEE, v. t. To unburden ; to disengage ;
to put off or lay aside anything troublesome or
unpleasant.
DlS-'tIB'SJQN (-kilr'bhun), n. Act of running to
and fro.
DIS-tJE'SlVE, o. Eoving; irregular; argumenta-
tive ; desultory ; reasoning.
DIS'US, n. A quoit ; a round iron for play.
DIS-tISS', v. t. Literally, to shake asunder (hence
the medical sense to scatter) ; to separate into
parts, and hence to examine by disputation ; to
reason out. In the phrase to discuss a/oid, &c. we
have another mode of separating. SYN. To de-
bate. To discuss a subject is to pull it to pieces ;
to debate a point is to battle it out.
DIS-0S''SION (-kush'un), n. The treating of a
subject by argument.
DIS--60SS'IVE, a. Serving for discussion.
DIS-etJ'TIENT (-ku'shentj, a. Discussing; dis-
persing.
DIS-DA1N', n. Scorn of what is mean or low ;
haughty contempt.
DIS-DALN', v. t. To consider unworthy of notice ;
to regard with lofty C9'itempt. SYN. To scoru :
despise ; contemn ; which see.
DIS 1
I, , <fcc., long. A, E, &c., sfiort. CARE, FAR, LAS^,
DIS-DAIN'FUL, a. Scornful; haughty; con-
temptuous.
DIS-DAIN'FUL-LY, ad. With haughty contempt.
DIS-EASE' (diz-eez'), n. Any deviation from health
of body ; a disordered state of the mind. In society,
a corrupt state of morals ; vices are moral diseases.
SYN. Disorder distemper ; malady. Disease is
the leading medical term. Disorder means the
same, though perhaps with some slight reference
to an irregularity of the system. Distemper (lit.,
bad temperament) is now used by physicians
only of the diseases of animals. Malady (lit., c,
bad condition) is not a medical term, and is
less used than formerly in literature.
DIS-EASE' (diz-eez'), v. t. To affect with sickness ;
to impair health ; to disorder ; to derange.
DIS-EASED' (diz-eezd'), a. Affected with disease;
sick ; infected ; corrupt.
DIS-EM-BARK/, v. t. To put on shore ; to land ;
v. i. to quit a ship.
DIS-EM-BAR-KA'TION, ~)n. A landing or goina
DIS-EM-BARK'MENT, j ashore.
DIS-EM-BAR'RASS, v. t. To free from perplexity :
to extricate.
DIS-EM-BAR'RASS-MENT, n. The act of relieving
from perplexity.
DIS-EM-BAY', v. t. To clear from a bay.
DIS-EM-BEL'LISH, v. t. To divest of embellish-
ment.
DIS-EM-BlT'TER, v. t. To take away bitterness ;
to render sweet or pleasant.
DIS-EM-BOD'IED (-bod'idj, a. Having nobody;
without a body.
DIS-EM-BOD'Y, v. t. To divest of body: to free
from flesh ; to discharge from military incorpora-
tion.
DIS-EM-BOGUE' (-bog 7 ), v. t. To pour out at the
mouth, as a river ; to discharge into an ocean or
a lake ; v. i. to flow out at the mouth, as a river ;
to pass out of a gulf or bay.
DIS-EM-BOGTJE'MENT, } n. Discharge
DIS-EM-BOU-CHURE' (-bo-shur'), j of waters in-
to an ocean or lake, as a river.
DIS-EM-BOW'EL, v. t. To take out the bowels ;
to eviscerate.
DIS-EM-BROIL', v. t. To free from perplexity.
D1S-EM-PLOY', v. t. To dismiss from service.
DIS-EN-A'BLE, v. t. To deprive of ability; to
weaken.
DIS-EN-CHANT', v. t. To free from enchantment
or spells.
DIS-EN-CHiNT'MENT, n. The act of freeing
from spells or charms.
1>IS-EN-!UM'BER, v. t. To free from clogs or im-
pediments.
DIS-EN-eUM'BRANCE, n. Deliverance from a
load, or any thing burdensome or troublesome.
DIS-EN-GAGE', v. t. To separate or set free from
some previous connection or engagement, as the
mind from business, the affections from the
world, a lady from one to whom she had promised
marriage. So gas is disengaged by heat. -SYN.
To detach ; release ; extricate ; disentangle ; libe-
rate; withdraw.
DIS-EN-GAGE', v. i. To set one's self free from ; to
withdraw from.
DIS-EN-GAGED', a. At leisure ; unoccupied; free
from attention.
DIS-EN-GAGE'MENT, n. Release ; a setting free ;
act of detaching or separating.
DIS-EN-NO'BLE v. t. To deprive of title.
DIS-EN-ROLL', v. t. To erase from a roll or list.
DIS-EN-TANG'GLE (-tang'gl), v. t. To loose; to
free from perplexity ; to set clear.
DIS-EN-TANG'GLE-MENT, n. Act of freeing from
difficulty.
DIS-EN-THRALL'. See DISINTHRALL.
D1S-EN-THRONE', v. t. To dethrone; to depose.
DIS-EN-TOMB' (-toom'), v. t. To remove from the
DIS-EN-TRlNCE', v. t. To awaken from a trance ;
to rouse from a reverie.
r> DIS
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BlKD ; MOYfc,
DIS-ES-POUSE', v. t. To divorce; to separate.
DIS-ES-TEEM', n. Want of esteem ; disregard.
DIS-ES-TEEM' v. t. To disapprove; to dislike: to
slight.
DIS-FA'VOUR, n. Dislike; disesteem; unfavour-
able regard.
DIS-FA'VOUR, v.t. To discountenance; to with.
hold support from.
DIS-FIG-U-RA'TION, n. Act of disfiguring ; state
of being impaired or marred in form.
DIS-FlG'URE (-fig'ynr), v.t. To deform; tomaini;
to mar ; to injure beauty ; to disfeature.
DIS-FiG'URED (-f Ig'ynrd), a. Defaced; deformed;
impaired in form or appearance.
DIS-FiG'URE-MENT (-fig'yur-), n. Defacement;
deformity.
DIS-FRAN'CHlSE (-fran'cMz), v. t. To deprive of
citizenship or of chartered rights and immunities.
DIS-FRAN'CHISE-MENT, n. The act of taking
away privil
5-FUR'J
DIS-FUR'NISH, v. t. To deprive of furniture.
DIS-GAR'NISH, v. t. To strip of furniture or orna-
ments; to take its guns from a garrison.
DIS-GORGE', v. t. To vomit ; to pour forth ; to
give up ; to spew.
DT-^-CA RfiE'MENT, n. Act of disgorging ; a yield-
ing up.
DIb-(i.ttACE', n. Want of favour; state of igno-
miny; cause of shame. SYN. Dishonour; oppro-
brium; shame.
DIS-GltACE', i>. t. To bring reproach on ; to bring
to shame. SYN. To degrade ; dishonour ; debase.
DIS-GKACED' (-graste'j, pp. or a. Dishonoured ;
degraded.
DIS-GRACE'FUL, a. Shameful; dishonourable j
base ; causing shame ; sinking reputation.
DIS-GRACE'FUL-LY, ad. Shamefully ; basely.
DIS-GRA'CIOUS, a. Uupleasing; uncivil.
DIS-GUISE', n. A dress to conceal ; false appear-
ance ; change of manner by drink.
DIS-GUISE', v. t. To conceal by an unusual habit
or mask ; to hide a false appearance ; to disena-
ble ; to disfigure or deform by liquor ; to intoxi-
cate.
DIS-GUISED', a. Concealed by an assumed habit ;
intoxicated.
DIS-GUIS'ED-LY, ad. So as to be concealed.
DIS-GUISE'MENT, n. False appearance.
DIS-GUIS'ER, ?i. One who puts on a false appear-
ance.
D1S-GUST', n. Distaste of food or drink ; an un-
pleasant feeling from something offensive in the
manner or conduct of others. SYN. Aversion;
disrelish ; dislike. See. AVERSION.
DIS-G0ST', v. t. To give a disrelish ; to offend.
DIS-GUST'FUL, a. Exciting aversion ; nauseous ;
odious.
DIS-GUST1NG, a. Causing dislike ; hateful.
DIS-GUST'ING-LY, ad. In a manner to give dis-
taste or cause aversion.
DISH, n. A vessel to hold food; meat or provi-
sions in a dish; hence, any particular kind of
food.
DISH, v. i. To serve up for the table ; to deceive.
DIS-HA-BlLLE' (dis-a-biT), n. An undress; f
loose, negligent dress for the morning. See DES-
HABILLE, the correct orthography.
DJfSH'-iLOTH,-> n. A cloth for washing and
DISH'-GLOUT, 5 wiping dishes.
DIS-HEARTEN (dis-har'tn), v. t. To deprive oi
courage ; to cast down the spirits.
DIS-HEART'EN-ING (-hart'ning), a. Adapted or
tending to discourage.
Dl-SHEV'EL, -u. t. To spread the hair loosely or in
disorder.
Dl-SHfiV'ELLED, a. Thrown into disorder; flowing
loosely.
DlSH'ING, a. Concave ; hollow like a dish.
DIS-HON'EST (diz-on'est), a. Destitute of good
faith; knavish; fraudulent; disgraced; disgrace-
ful; unchaste. [lewdly,
DIS-HON'EST-LY, ad. Knavishly; with fraud-
ins
127
DIS
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; E^LE, BTJLL ; Vl"CIOrS -6 as K ; 6 as J j 8 as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
OIS-HON'EST-Y (diz-on'es-ty), n. Want of integ-
rity; faithlessness; violation of trust; unchas-
tity ; deceit ; treachery ; knavery.
DIS-HON'OUE (diz-on'ur), n. Reproach; dis-
grace; shame.
DIS-HON'OUE (diz-on'ur), v. t. To bring reproach
on ; to refuse acceptance or payment on a draft ;
to treat with indignity. SYN. To disgrace ;
shame ; debase ; degrade.
DIS-HON'OUE-A-BLE (diz-on'ur-), a. Keproach-
ful ; disgraceful ; base.
DIS-HON'OUE-A-BLY (diz-on'ur-), ad. Shame-
fully ; vilely ; meanly.
DIS-HON'OUE,- A-KY (diz-ou'ur-), a. Tending to
disgrace.
DIS-HU'MOUE, n. Ill humour ; peevishness.
DIS-IN-eLI-NA'TION, n. Want of inclination;
unwillingness; aversion.
DIS-IN-LINE', v. t. To excite dislike for ; to dis-
affect ; to alienate from.
DIS-IN--6LOSE', (-kloze'), v. t. To open what has
been inclosed.
DIS-IN-FE-GT', v. t. To cleanse from infection.
DIS-IN-FET'ANT, n. An agent for removing the
causes of infection, as chloride of lime.
DIS-IN-F'TION (-fek'shun), 71. A cleansing from
infection.
DIS-IN-GEN'U-OUS, a. Wanting in frankness and
honesty; meanly artful. SYN. Unfair; illiberal;
deceitful ; dishonest ; artful.
DIS-IN-GEN'U-OUS-LY, ad. Not openly; with se-
cret management ; meanly.
DIS-IN-GEN'U-OUS-NESS, n. Want of fairness :
watt of candour.
BIS-IN-HEE'IT, v. t. To exit off from heirship: to
deprive of a right to inherit.
DIS-IN'TE-GEA-BLE, a. That may be separated
into integral parts. [parts.
BIS-IN'TE-GRATE, u. t. To separate integral
DIS-IN-TE-GEA'TION, n. The act of separating
integral parts or the particles composing a sub-
stance.
DIS-IN-TETv/, v. t. To take out of a grave; to un-
cover or bring out to view .
DIS-JNTEE-EST-ED, a. Not moved by selfish in-
terest ; impartial ; free from Lias.
DIS-lNTER-EST-ED-LY, ad. Impartially; with-
out regard to self-interest.
EI.S-lN'TEE-EST-ED-NESS, n. Freedom from se-
parate personal interest or bias ; impartiality.
D1S-IN-TEE'MENT, n. A taking out of a grave;
an unburying.
DIS-IN-THEAL' (-thrawl'), v. t. To rescue from
bondage ; to free from oppression.
DIS-IN-THEAL'MENT, n. Emancipation from
slavery.
DIS- JOIN', \v. t. To disunite; to put ouc of
DIS-JOINT', ) joint; to separate at junctures ; to
break up natural relations ; to break in pieces ;
v. i. to fall in pieces.
DIS-JOINED' > o. Unconnected ; out of joint ;
DIS-JOINT'EDJ inconsistent; dislocated.
DIS-JOIN'ED-LY, ad. In a divided state.
DIS-JtNT', o. Separate; distinct.
DIS-JUN'TION (-junk'shun), n. A parting; a dis-
joining.
DlS-JUNT'lVE ; a. Separating; disjoining; unit-
ing parts of a discourse in construction, but dis-
i,
n. A word that disjoins, as or,
-nor.
DISK, n. A quoit ; face of the sun, moon, &c.
DIS-LIKE', n. A hostile or alienated state of feel-
ing. SYN. Disapprobation ; displeasure ; distaste ;
aversion.
DIS-LIKE', v. t. To hate ; to disapprove.
D1S'LO-ATE, v. t. To displace ; to put out of joint ;
to move a bone from its socket.
, ) " Out of J Qint 5 ^Placed.
DlS'LO-A-TED, pp. or a. Eemoved from its pro-
per place.
joining the sense.
DIS-JUN-GT'IVE,
DIS-LO-GA'TION, a. A displacing, as of a joint.
DIS-LODGE', v. t. To drive from a place of rest or
a station ; to remove an army ; v. i. to go from a
E lace of rest.
3-LOY'AL, a. Not true to allegiance ; false to a
sovereign; wanting fidelity in love or wedlock.
SYN. Faithless; treacherous; perfidious.
DIS-LOY'AL-TY, n. Want of fidelity to a sover-
eign; want of fidelity in love or to marriage
vows.
DlSTMAL (diz'mal), a. Productive of horror or
distress; doleful. SYN. Dreary; direful; calam-
itous ; gloomy.
DIS-MAN'TLE (-man'tl), v. t. To strip of dress or
furniture ; to deprive of equipments, defences, or
outworks, as a fortress, a town ; to break down.
DIS-MASK', v. t. To strip off a mask.
DIS-MAST', v. t. To break down or take away a
mast or masts.
DIS-MAY', v. t. To fill with distressing fear ; to
deprive of courage and hope. SYN. Daunt ; ap
pal. Dismay (lit., loss of strength) denotes a
continuous state of gloomy apprehension ; to
daunt (lit., overpower) supposes something more
sudden and startling ; to appal (lit., strike pale)
is the strongest term, implying a sense of terror
which overwhelms the faculties.
DIS-MAY', n. Loss of courage and hope. SYX.
Fright; fear; terror.
DIS-MEM'BEE, v. t. To cut off a member j tc
sever. SYN . To mutilate ; disjoin; disjoint.
DIS-MEM'BEE-MENT, n. The separation of a
limb ; a partition ; division ; mutilation.
DIS-MlSS', v. t. To send away; to put out of em-
ployment, &c., or office. See DISCARD
DIS-MISS'AL, n. The act of sending away; dis-
mission.
DIS-MIS'SION (-mish'un), n. A sending away;
removal; discharge; an act requiring departure.
DlS-MIS'SlVE, a. Giving leave to go ; removing.
DIS-MOUNT', v. i. To alight from a horse, &c. ;
v. t. to remove or throw from a carriage, horse,
&c.
DIS-O-BE'DI-ENCE, n. Neglect or refusal to obey ;
violation of prohibition ; breach of duty.
DIS-O-BE'DI-ENT, a. Neglecting commands ; re-
fusing to comply. [spirit.
DIS-O-BE'DI-ENT-LY, ad. With a disobedient
DIS-O-BEY' (-o-ba'), v. t. To neglect or refuse to
do what is commanded ; to do what is forbidden ;
to transgress.
DIS-OB-LI-GA'TION, n. Act of disobliging ; of-
fence ; cause of disgust.
DIS-OB'LI-GA-TO-EY, a. Freeing from obligation.
DIS-O-BLI&E', v. t. To offend by unkindness or
incivility.
DIS-O-BLIG'ING, o. Not disposed to gratify or
please ; unkind.
DIS-O-BLIG'ING-LY, ad. So as to displease ; un-
kindly.
DIS-OEBED' (-orfod'), a. Thrown out of its orbit.
DIS-OE'DEE, n. Want of order; disturbance of
the public peace ; disturbance of the animal func-
tions by disease; discomposure of mind. SYN.
Irregularity; confusion; bustle; tumult; malady;
distemper. See DISEASE.
DIS-OE'DEE, v. t. To throw into confusion; to
make sick; to disturb in mind. SYN. To de-
range; confuse; discompose; ruffle.
DIS-OE'DEEED (-or'derd), a. Disorderly; irregu-
lar ; loose ; unrestrained.
DIS-OE'DEE-LY, a. Confused; irregular; not re-
strained ; lawless ; vicious ; ad. confusedly ; ir-
regularly ; without law.
DIS-OE-GAN-I-ZA'TION, n. Act of disorganizing j
state of being subverted.
DIS-OE'GAN-lZE, v. t. To derange; break up or
destroy an organized body.
DIS-OR'GAN-IZED (-or'gan-izd), a. Broken up;
dissolved ; reduced to disorder ; without system
DIS-OE'GAN-IZ-ER, n. One who breaks or de
stroys order, &c.
DIS
128
DIS
I, B, Ac., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
DIS-OX'I-DlTE, v. t. See DEOXIDATE.
DIS-OWN', y. t. To deny ; to renounce.
DIS-PAR'AGE, v. t. To decry unduly ; to injure by
depreciating comparisons. [The word originally
meant to pair or match a woman below her rank.
This will show clearly its present force.] SYN.
To undervalue ; underrate ; detract from. See
DECRY.
DIS-PAR'AfiE-MENT, n. Unjust depreciation ;
undervaluing from improper motives. SYN. De-
traction ; derogation ; decrying.
DIS-PAR'AG-ER, n. One who decries unjustly.
DIS-PAR'A6-ING, a. Undervaluing; depreciative.
DIS-PAR'I-TY, n. Inequality ; difference.
DIS-PART', v. t. ori. To part asunder ; to separ-
ate,
DIS-PAS'SION (-pash'un), n. Freedom from pas-
sion ; apathy.
DIS-PAS'SION- ATE, o. Cool; calm; composed;
impartial.
DIS-PAS'SION-ATE-LY, ad. With coolness of
temper; without passion ; calmly.
DIS-PATCH' v. t. To send away, as letters, mes-
sengers, &c. ; to execute rapidly ; to put to death.
SYN. To expedite ; hasten ; perform.
DIS-PlTCH', n. Speedy performance; due dili-
gence ; promptitude ; a letter of moment to be
sent with expedition.
DIS-PATCH'FUL, a. Indicating haste ; intent on
speedy action.
DIS-PAU'PER, v. t. To deprive of claim as a pauper
to public support ; to raise from pauperism.
DIS-PEL', v. t. To drive away ; to disperse.
DIS-PEND', v. t. To lay out ; to expend.
DIS-PEN'SA-BLE, a. That may be dispensed with.
DIS-PEN'SA-RY, n. A place for giving out medi-
cines or furnishing medical advice to the poor.
DIS-PEN-SA'TION, n. Distribution ; the dealing
of God with his creatures ; system of principles
and rules, &c. ; the granting of a license ; that
which is bestowed ; permission.
DIS-PEN'SA-TlVE, a. Granting dispensation.
DIS-PEN'SA-TO-RY, a. Having power to grant
dispensation ; n. a book of directions for com-
pounding medicines.
DIS-PENSE', v. t. To divide out in portions ; to
administer ; to excuse from ; to give up any thing
convenient or agreeable.
DIS-PENS'ER, n. One who distributes, or one who
allows a thing not to be dene.
DIS-PEO'PLE (-pe'pl), v. t. To depopulate; to de-
prive of inhabitants.
DI-SPERM'OUS, a. Containing but two seeds.
DIS-PERSE' (13), v. t. To scatter; to spread
about ; to drive asunder.
DIS-PER'SION, n. Act of scattering, or state of
being separated into remote parts, especially the
scattering or separation of the human family at
the building of Babel ; the separation of different
coloured rays of light in refraction ; the removal
of inflammation and restoration to a natural state.
DIS-PERSlVE, o. Tending to scatter or dissipate.
DIS-PlR'IT, v. t. To deprive of hope and courage ;
to dishearten. SYN. To discourage ; depress ;
cast down ; intimidate ; daunt.
DIS-PLACE', v. t. To put out of place ; to remove
from office. SYN. To disarrange ; derange ; dis-
miss ; _discard.
DIS-PLACE'MENT, n. The act of removing from
the usual place.
DIS-PLA'CEN-CY, n. That which displeases ; in-
civility.
DIS-PLANT', t?. t. To remove a plant or nation.
DIS-PLANT-A'TION, n. The removal of a plant ;
the removal of inhabitants or resident people.
DIS-PLAY', v. t. Literally, to unfold or spread
out ; hence, to set forth to view ; to show clearly
or strikingly. SYN. To exhibit ; manifest ; parade.
DIS-PLAY', n. A setting forth to view; exhibi-
tion ; show ; ostentation.
DIS-PLEASE', v. t. To give offence to; to make
angry. SYN. To offend; disgust; vex; chafe.
FALL, WHAT J THERE, TiRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVB,
DIS-PLEA$'ING, a. Offensive ; disagreeable.
DIS-PLEAS'URE (dis-pl6zh'ur), n. Slight anger
or irritation. SYN. Disapprobation ; dislike.
DIS-PLODE', v. t. or i. To explode ; to burst with
violence.
DIS-PLO'SION (-plo'zhun), n. A bursting with loud
noise.
DIS-PLO'SIVE, a . Noting displosion.
DIS-PLUME', v. t. To strip of plumes.
DIS-PORT', n. Play ; sport ; pastime.
DIS-PORT', v. i. or t. To sport ; to play ; to wanton.
DIS-PORT'MENT, n. Act of disporting ; play.
DIS-POS'A-BLE (-poz'a-bl), o. That may be dis-
posed of; not before engaged or employed; free
to use.
DIS-POS'AL, n. The act of disposing ; regulation ;
power of ordering ; power or right of bestowing.
SYN. Management ; arrangement ; dispensation.
DIS-POSE' (-poze'), v. t. To place ; to prepare ; to
incline ; to sell ; to regulate ; to form for any pur-
pose ; with of, to give away ; to use ; to put away.
DIS-POS'ER. n. One who arranges or disposes ; a
director ; a bestower.
D1S-PO-$I"TION (-zish'un), n. Act of disposing;
mode of settling or arranging ; habitual frame of
mind; order; method; alienation. SYN. Incli-
nation ; tendency. A man's disposition is the
prevailing spirit or governing purpose of his
mind ; his inclinations (lit., leanings) are excited
states of desire or appetency; tendency (lit..
straining) is a strong determination or proclivity
toward some particular mode of action. A man's
inclinations are variable ; his natural tendencies are
apt ultimately to prevail ; but a disposition formed
and sustained on the side of virtue will give him
the control of both.
DIS-POS-SESS', v. t. To put out of possession.
DIS-POS-SES'SION (-sesh'un), n. Act of depriving
of possession.
DIS-PRAISE' (-praze'), n. Imputation of some-
thing wrong or improper; censure; blame; re-
proach ; dishonour.
DIS-PRAISE', v. t. To blame ; to censure ; to con-
demn.
DIS-PRfiAD', v. t. To spread in different ways.
DIS-PRlS'ON, v. t. To set free ; to liberate.
DIS-PROOF', n. Refutation ; a proving to be false.
DIS-PRO-POR'TION, n. Want of proportion or
symmetry ; inequality.
DIS-PRO-POR'TION, v. t. To make unsuitable.
DIS-PRO-POR'TION-A-BLE,) o. Unequal; un
DIS-PRO-POR'TION- AL, ^ suitable; want-
DIS-PRO-POR'TION-ATE, > ing symmetry;
inadequate.
DIS-PROV'A-BLE, a. That may be refuted.
DIS-PROVE' (-proov'), v. t. To prove to be false.
SYN. To refute ; confute.
DIS-PtJN'ISH-A-BLE, a. Free from penal restraint.
DlS'PU-TA-BLE, o. That may be called in ques-
tion.
DlS'PU-TANT, n. One who argues in opposition
to another; a controvertist ; a. engaged in con-
troversy.
DIS-PU-TA'TION, n. Act of disputing ; contro-
versy in words ; debate.
DIS-PU-TA'TIOUS (-ta'shus;, a. Given to dispute.
DIS-PCTE', v. t. To attempt to disprove by argu
ment or statements ; to strive or contend for ; tc
call in question ; to strive to maintain ; v. i. to
debate ; to contend ; reason or argue against.
SYN. To controvert ; contest; argue; debate.
DIS-PUTE', n. Contest in words ; controversy.
SYN. Debate ; altercation ; disagreement ; quarrel.
DIS-POT'ER, n. One who controverts or debates.
DIS-QUAL-I-FI-GA'TION, n. The act of disquali-
fying ; the want of qualification.
DIS-QUAL'I-F? (-kwol'e-fy), v. t. To make unfit;
to disable.
DIS-QUI'ET, v. t. To make uneasy.
DIS-QUI'ET, n. Want of tranquillity ; tineasiness ;
restlessness. SYN. To disturb ; vex ; fret.
DIS-QUI'ET-ING, a. Tending to disturb the mind-
DIS
129
DIS
6YE, WQLF, BQOK ; RfaE, BTJLL ; VICIOUS.
DIS-QUI'ET-CDE, 7i. Restlessness; anxiety; un-
easiness.
DIS-QUI-Sl'TION (dis-kwe-zl'sh'un), n. A formal
or systematic inquiry by arguments, or discussion
of facts or circumstances.
DIS-RE-GARD 7 , n. Slight; neglect; omission of
notice.
DIS-RE-GARD', v. t. To slight as unworthy of no-
tice. SYN. To neglect ; overlook ; despise.
DIS-RE-GARD'FUL, a. Negligent ; heedless.
DIS-RBL'ISH, n. Distaste ; aversion.
DIS-REL'ISH, v. t. To dislike the taste of ; to feel
a disgust of.
DIS-RE-PAIR' (4), n. A state of not being in good
condition.
DIS-REP'CT-TA-BLE, a. Disgraceful; unbecoming;
mean.
DIS-REP-tf-TA'TION, n. Want of reputation ; dis-
repute ; dishonour ; disgrace.
DIS-RE-PtJTE', n. Want of reputation or esteem.
SYN. Discredit ; disesteem ; disgrace.
DIS-RE-SPECT', n. Want of respect or reverence ;
incivility ; rudeness.
DIS-RE-SPET'FUL,a. Uncivil ; rude ; irreverent.
DIS-RE-SPE!T'FUL-LY, ad. With incivility.
DIS-ROBE', v. t. To undress ; to uncover ; to strip.
DIS-ROOT', v. t. To extirpate ; to root up.
DIS-R0PT', ") a. Rent asunder; severed by
DIS-ROPT'ED, ) breaking.
DIS-RtfPTION (-rup'shun), n. A breaking asunder ;
breach ; a rent ; act of bursting and separating.
DIS-RttPT'CRE (-rupt'ynr), v. t. To rend; to tear
asunder.
DIS-SAT-IS-FATION, n. Discontent ; dislike.
DIS-SAT-IS-FACTO-RY, a. Not giving content.
DIS-SAT'IS-FY, v. t. To displease ; to make un-
easy or discontented.
DIS-SE-6T', v. t. To cut apart ; to divide an ani-
mal body ; to cut in pieces or lay open an animal
or vegetable to discover the structure and use of
the several parts, or to ascertain the cause of
death, &c. ; to separate into constituent parts.
DIS-SET'I-BLE, a. That may be dissected.
DIS-SE'TION (-sek'shun), n. The act of dissect-
ing a body, or separating into parts or elements.
DIS-SE-GT'OR, n. One who dissects ; an anato-
mist.
DIS-SEIZE' f-seez'), v. t. To dispossess wrongfully.
DIS-SEIZ-EE', . One wrongfully deprived of
possession.
DIS-SEIZ'LN (-se'zin), n. An unlawful dispossess-
ing.
DIS-SEIZ'OR (-se'zur), n. One who ejects from
rightful possession.
DIS-SEM'BLANCE, n. Want of resemblance.
DIS-SfiM'BLE, v. t. To conceal real motives or
facts by some false pretence ; to hide under a
false appearance ; v. i. to conceal facts, motives,
&c., by some false pretence.
DIS-SEM'BLER, n. One who hides his real char-
acter, intentions, &c., under some false pretence.
SYN. Hypocrite. A dissembler conceals what he
is ; a hypocrite feigns to be what he is not.
DIS-SEM'I-NATE, v. t. Literally, to sow; to scat-
ter for growth and propagation, as opinions, &c. ;
to spread abroad. SYN. To diffuse ; propagate.
DIS-SEM-I-NA'TION, n. Act of scattering and
propagating, as seed ; act of spreading.
DIS-SEM'I-NA-TOR, n. One who propagates or
spreads abroad.
DIS-SEN'SION (-sSn'shun), n. Contention; disa-
greement ; breach of union or friendship.
DIS-SEN'SIOUS (-sCn'shus), a. Contentious; quar-
relsome.
DIS-SENT, v. t. To disagree ; to differ in opinion.
DIS-SENl", n. Disagreement from an opinion or
measure ; separation from a church.
DIS-SENT'ER, n. One who dissents : one who sep-
arates from the service of any established church,
as that of England, or Scotland.
DIS-SEN'TIENT (-sen'shent), a. Dissenting; not
agreeing ; n. one declaring his dissent.
-eas K; 6 as J; s as z; CH as SH; THIS,
DIS-SER-TATION, n. A discourse ; an essay.
DIS-SERVE' (13), v. t. To injure ; to do harm to.
DIS-SKRV'ICE, 71. Injury done ; harm; mischief.
DIS-SERV'ICE-A-BLE, a. Injurious ; hurtful.
DIS-SEVER, v. t. To part in two. SYN. To di-
vide ; to sunder.
DIS-SEVER-ANCE, n. The act of separating.
DIS'SI-DENT (di's'se-dent), a. Not agreeing; vary-
ing; dissenting.
DIS-SlL'I-ENCE, n. The act of leaping or starting
asunder.
DIS-SlM'I-LAR, o. Unlike ; different.
D1S-S1M-ILAR'I-TY, } n . Unlikeness: want of
DIS-SIM-IL'I-TODE, ) resemblance.
DIS-SIM-U-LATION, n. The act of dissembling ;
a hiding under false appearances ; hypocrisy.
DlS'Sl-PA-BLE, o. That may be dissipated.
DlS'SI-PATE, v. t. To drive asunder ; to scatter.
SYN. To disperse; waste; squander; consume.
DlS'Sl-PA-TED, a. Loose in manners ; devoted to
Eleasure ; vicious ; profligate.
3-SI-PATION, n. Waste of property or sub-
stance ; loss or waste ; diversion of the mind ;
loose or licentious course of life.
DIS-SG'CIA-BLE (-so'sha-bl), o. Not well associ-
ated or assorted ; ill matched.
DIS-SO'CIAL (-so'shal), a. Contracted ; selfish.
DIS-SO'CIATE, v. t. To separate ; to disunite.
DIS-SO-CI-ATION (-she-a'shun), n. Act of dis-
uniting ; disunion.
DlS'SO-LU-BLE, a. That may be dissolved.
DLs'SO-LUTE, a. Loose in morals; devoted to
pleasure. SYN. Wild; wanton; debauched; vi-
cious ; disorderly ; luxurious.
DIS'SO-LUTE-LY, ad. As given to vice ; in dis-
sipation and pleasure ; without restraint.
DlS'SO-LUTE-NESS, n. Looseness of behaviour.
DIS-SO-LUTION, 71. The act of liquefying; a
melting; the reduction of a body to its smallest
parts ; the separation of the parts of a body by
putrefaction ; the breaking up of an assembly ;
separation of the soul and body ; death ; destruc-
tion.
DIS-SOLY'A-BLE (diz-zolv'-), . That may be dis-
solved.
DIS-SOLVE' (diz-zolv'), v. t. To melt ; to sepa-
rate ; to break up ; to loose the ties of any thing ;
to disunite ; v. i. to be melted; to melt away ; to
waste away; to perish.
DIS-SOLV'ENT (diz-zolv'ent), a. That has the
quality of dissolving ; n. that which dissolves or
is a solvent.
DIS-SOLV'ER, n. He or that which dissolves.
DIS'SO-NANCE, n. Discord; disagreement.
DlS'SO-NANT, a. Discordant; harsh; jarring.
DIS-SUADE' (dis-swade'), v. t. To advise or ex-
hort against. SYN. Discourage ; deter ; dispirit.
DIS-SUAD'ER, n. One that attempts to divert
from an act or a measure, &c.
DIS-SUA'SION (-swa'zhuii), n. Act of dissuading ;
advice in opposition to something.
DIS-SUA'SlVE (-swa'sliv), a. Tending to dissuade ;
n. reason employed to deter.
DIS-SUA'SIVE-LY, ad. So as to dissuade.
DIS-SYL-LAB'I, a. Consisting of two syllables.
Dl S'SYL-LA-BLE, n. A word of two syllables.
DlS'TAFF, n. A staff for the flax in spinning ; femi-
nine industry.
DIS-TAIN', v. t. To stain ; to blot ; to tarnish ; to
tinge with another colour than the proper one.
DISTANCE, n. Space between bodies; space of
time ; respect ; reserve ; coldness.
DISTANCE, v. t. To leave behind in a race, &c.
DISTANT, a. Literally, standing apart; hence,
remote, whether in place, time, connection, &c. ;
reserved. SYN. Separate; far; faint; indistinct;
shy; cool; haughty.
DlS'TANT-LY, ad. Remotely; with reserve.
DIS-TASTE', 7i. Literally, aversion of palate }
figuratively, aversion of feeling. SYN. Disgust;
disrelish ; disinclination ; dislike. [gu s k
DIS-TASTE', v. i. To disrelish; to loathe; to dis-
DIS
130
DIV
1, , &c., long. I, i, <fec., sTiort. CI.RE, FAB, LAST,
DIS-TASTE'FUL, o. Nauseous; oifensive.
DIS-TEM'PER, ?i. Morbid state of the body ; dis-
order ; sickness ; bad temper ; in painting, the
mixing of colours with something besides oil or
water ; v. t. to disorder ; to affect with disease.
DIS-TEM'PER-A-TORE, n. Bad temperature; a
noxious state ; confusion ; slight illness.
DIS-TEM'PERED, a. Diseased ; ruffled in feeling.
DIS-TEND', v. i. To stretch or spread in all direc-
tions; to swell out. SYN.. To expand; dilate;
enlarge.
DIS-TEN-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of distention.
DIS-TEN'SI-BLE, o. That may be dilated or ex-
tended.
DIS-TEN'TION (-tSn'shun), n. A stretching; ex-
tension.
DlS'TKJH (dite'tik), n. A couplet of verses.
DlS'TI!H-OUS, } a. Having two rows or disposed
DlS'TIGH, ) in two rows.
DIS-TlL', v. t. To let fall in drops; to extract
spirit from; to extract the pure part of a fluid;
v. i. to fall in drops ; to flow gently ; to use a
still, or practise distillation.
DIS-TlLL'A-BLE, a. That may be distilled.
DIS-TIL-LA'TION, n. Act of distilling or falling
in drops ; the vaporization and condensation of a
liquid by means of a still.
DIS-TILL'EE, n. One who distils.
DIS-TlLL'ER-Y, n. A building for distillation.
DIS-TlN!T', a. Having the difference marked;
not the same in number or kind ; not confused.
SYN. Separate ; different ; clear ; plain.
DIS-T1N'TION (-tink'shan), n. Difference; emi-
nence of character; superiority; elevation of
rank, &c.
DIS-TlNGT'IVE, a. Marking distinction; having-
power to distinguish or discern.
DIS-TlN!T'iVE-LY, ad. With distinction ; clearly.
DIS-TINCT'LY, ad. Separately; clearly.
DIS-TINGT'NESS, n. Clearness; plainness ; pre-
cision.
DIS-TlNG'GUISH (dis-ting'gwish), v. t. To note
difference ; to separate ; to discern critically ; to
separate from others by some mark of honour ;
v. i. to make a distinction ; to find or show a dif-
ference. SYN. To mark ; discriminate ; discern ;
signalize.
separated or set apart from others ; made the ob-
ject of general notoriety. SYN. Eminent ; con-
spicuous; celebrated; illustrious. A man is
eminent when he stands high as compared with
those around him ; conspicuous when he is so ele-
vated as to be generally saen and observed ; dis-
tinguished when he has something which makes
him stand apart from others in the public view ;
celebrated when he is widely spoken of with honour
and lespect; illustrious when a splendour is
thrown around him which confers the highest
dignity.
DIS-TORT, v. t. To twist ; to writhe ; to pervert.
DIS-TORTION, n. The act of wresting; perver-
sion.
DIS-T3A!T', v. t. To draw different ways ; to turn
or draw from an object ; to perplex ; to destroy
the reason.
DIS-TRAT'ED, a. Turned forcibly aside; dis-
ordered in intellect. SYN. Perplexed ; confused ;
disturbed ; harassed ; deranq-ed ; mad ; frantic.
DIS-TRA^T'ED-LY, ad. Wildly ; confusedly.
DIS-TRA'TION, . Confusion from a multipli-
city of objects ; confusion o. affairs ; state of dis-
ordered reason. SYN. Perplexity; disorder; dis-
sension; derangement; madness.
DIS-TRAT'1VE, a. Tending to confuse.
DiS-TRAIN', v. t. To seize goods for debt; v. i.
to make seizure of goods.
DIS-TRAINT', n. A seizure for debt.
DIS-TRESS', n. Extreme suffering; state of great
exposure. In law, the act of distraining. SYN.
J-A.LL, WHAT; THRE, TERM; MARINE, stun; MOVE,
Pain ; agony ; misery ; calamity ; misfortune ; ad-
versity ; affliction, which see.
DIS-TRESS', P. t. To afflict greatly; to make miser,
able. SYN. To grieve ; harass ; pain.
DIS-TRESS'FUL, a. Giving pain or anguish.
DIS-TRfiSS'ING, o. Very painful or afflictive;
harassing.
DIS-TRIB'CT-TA-BLE, a. That may be distributed.
DIS-TRIB'CTE, v. t. To divide among a number ;
to deal out; to separate and replace, as types.
SYN. To apportion ; assign ; allot.
DIS-TRI-BU'TION, n. The act of dividing among
a number; act of giving charity; dispensation;
act of separating into distinct parts or classes.
DIS-TRlB'C-TlVK, a. That divides aud assigns ;
that deals out.
DlS'TRIT, n. A territory or space within given
lines. SYN. Division ; quarter ; tract ; region.
DISTRICT, v. t. To divide into districts.
DIS-TRtST', v. t. To suspect ; not to confide in.
DIS-TRUST', 11. Suspicion ; want of confidence.
DIS-TROST'FUL, a. Wanting confidence ; suspi-
cious ; doubting.
DIS-TURB', v. t. Literally, to stirgrsatly; to agi-
tate or trouble; to turn aside; to iuterrupt. SYN.
To disquiet; discompose; molest; hinder;
rnfle.
DIo-TCTRB'AJtfCE, n. Tumult; agitation; confu-
sion; excitement ; perturbation; liinderance.
DIS-TURB' ER, n. One who disturbs or disquiets.
DIS-ON'ION (-yun'yun), n. Want of union; sep-
aration ; breach of concord.
DIS-ON'ION-IST, n. An advocate of disunion.
DIS-0-NlTE', v. t. To separate ; to divide ; v. \.
to fall asunder ; to part.
DIS-0'NI-TY, n. State of separation.
DIS-0'SAGE, n. Cessation of use ; neglect of prac-
tice, exercise, or use.
DIS-OSE', v, t. To cease to use or practise; to
disaccustom.
DIS-USE', n. Neglect of use or practice.
DIS-VAL'CE (-val'yu), v. t. To undervalue; to
disesteem.
DITCH, n. A trench in the earth ; a moat.
DITCH, v. t. or i. To make a ditch in ; to trench ;
to drain by a ditch.
DlTCK'ER, n. One who digs trenches.
DI'THE-ISM, n. The doctrine of those who main-
tain ths existence of two gods.
DlTH'Y-RAMB, } n. A song imitating drunken
D1TH-Y-RAMB'I, $ revelry in honour of Bacchus;
a bold, enthusiastic poem.
DITH-Y-RAMB'ie, a. Wild ; enthusiastic.
DI'TONE, n. In music, an interval of two tones.
DlT'TA-NY, n. An aromatic herb.
DlTTLED (dit'tid), a. Sung: fitted to music.
DITTO, contracted into do. in books of accounts,
is the Italian dctto, from the Latin dictus, said.
It denotes said, aforesaid, or the same thing.
DtT'TY, n. A sonnet ; a short musical poem.
DI-O-RE'SIS, n. Excessive flow of urine.
DI-O-RET'IG, a. Provoking discharge of urine.
Dl-OR'NAL, a. Daily ; performed in a day; quoti-
dian.
Dl-C-TUR'NAL, a. Being of long continuance.
Dl-VAN', n. In Turkey, a hall, court, or council of
state ; a hall of meeting ; a council ; a coffee or
smoking-room ; a kind of sofa.
DI-VAR'I-CATE, v. i. To part into two; to fork;
v. t. to divide into two branches.
DIVE, v. i. To plunge under water; to go deep.
DIVER, n. One who dives ; a water-fowl.
Dl-VERC'iE' (13), v. i. Literally, to verge off; to
turn aside ; to tend various ways from one point.
SYN. To branch off; radiate; wander; scatter.
Dl-VER'GENCE, n. Departure from a point.
Dl-VER'GENT, a. Going further asunder ; radia-
ting.
Dl-Vl : >R(jTNG, o. Going continually further apart.
DI'VERS (di'vcrz), a. Several; sundry; many.
DI'VERSE, a. Literally, turned aside ; hence, va-
ried. SYN. Different; unlike; multiform.
DIV
131
DOG
D6VE, WOLF, B9<?K J R^LE, BITLL ; Vf'CIOtJ:
Dl-VfiR-SI-FI-'A'TION, 71. The act of making
;;>us; variety of forms ; alteration.
RSI-FORM, a. Of different forms.
DI-VER'SI-FY, v. t. To make various or different ;
to give diversity to ; to enlarge by a change of
form, new ideas, &c. ; to vari<
Dl-VER'rilON (13), n. A turning aside ; that which
turns aside or diverts ; hence, an amusement. In
tear, a feint intended to draw away the enemy's
troops from the real point of attack. SYS. Pus-
time; entertainment; recreation; sport.
Dl-VER'SI-TY, n. A state of being diverse or
multiform. SYN. Difference ; unlikeness ; variety.
Dt-VERSE'LY, ad. Differently; variously.
Dl-VERT' (13), v. t. Literally, to turn aside ; to
turn the mind from care or business ; hence, to
amuse ; to draw off, as the forces of an enemy.
SYN. To please ; gratify ; entertain ; amuse, which
see. [diverts.
Dl-VfiRT'ER, n. He or that which turns aside or
Dl-VKRT'ING, a. Serving to amuse; pleasing.
Dl-VERT I SE-MENT, n. Diversion ; recreation.
Dl-VERTlVE, a. Tending to divert.
Dl-VEST', v. t. Literally, to strip of clothes ; hence,
to strip of any thing possessed or enjoyed. SYN.
To dispossess ; deprive of.
Dt-VEST'ORE (de-vest'yiir), n. The act of strip-
ping or depriving.
Dl-VlDE', v. t. To part or separate a whole ; to
keep apart, as by a line or partition ; to j^ive out
in portions. SYN. To sever ; sunder ; cleave ; deal
out ; distribute ; share.
DlV'I-DEND, n. A portion allotted in dividing ;
the number divided.
Dl-VlD'ER, n. He or that which divides.
Dl-VlD'ERS, n. 2)1. Mathematical compasses.
DIV-I-NATION, n. Prediction ; a foretelling.
DI-VINE', a. Pertaining to God. SYN. Godlike;
heavenly ; extraordinary ; superhuman ; sacred.
Dl-VlNE', n. A minister of the Gospel; a man
skilled in theology ; a theologian.
Dl-VlNE', v. t. To foretell; to foreknow; v. t. to
practise divination ; to utter presages, &c.
Dl-VlNE'LY, ad. In a godlike manner: excel-
lently.
Dl-VlN'ER, 71. One who predicts ; a soothsayer.
DIVING-BELL, n. An apparatus in which to go
down into the water to examine the bottom.
Dl-VlN'I-TY, n. Divine nature ; Deity; science of
divine things ; theology.
Dl - VIS-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Quality or capacity of being
divided. pvided.
I-BLE (de-vi'z'e-bl), a. That may be di-
DI-VlS'ION (-vlzh'un), n. A separation into parts ;
the parts thus separated ; that which separates ;
a partition; disunion; part of an army com-
manded by a general. SYN. Compartment; sec-
tion ; difference ; variance ; discord.
DI-VI.SION-AL (-vizh'un-al), a. Dividing; noting
division.
Bl-Vl'SlVE, a. Creating division or discord.
DI-VI'SOR, n. The number that divides.
Dl-VORCE', ) n. Dissolution of the mar-
DI-VORCE'MENTJ riage contract; separation ;
disunion.
Dl-VORCE', v. t. To separate married persons ;
to disunite.
Dl-VORCE'A-BLE, a. That can be divorced,
Dl-VOR'CER, n. One who divorces.
DI-VOR'CIVE, a. Having power to divorce.
DI-VCLGE', v. t. To make public what was before
secret.
Dl-VOL'GER, a. He that reveals.
DI-VCL'SION, n. The act of plucking off or rend-
ing apart.
Dl-VCL'SlVE, a. That rends or plucks off or asunder.
DlZ'EN (dtz'n), v. t. To dress gaily ; to set off.
DlZ Zl-NESS. n. Giddiness ; whirling in the head.
DlZ'ZY, a. Giddy; having a whirl in the head;
causing giddiness, as a dizzy height.
DO, the first musical syllable in solfeggio, or the Ital-
ian mode of reading music.
' K ; & as J ; S OS 2 ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DO (doo), v. t. To act or behave in any manner ; to
be fit ; to fare well or ill.
DO, v. t. [pret. DID, pp. DOSE (dun).] To act ; to
perform ; to exert power ; to deal with ; to suc-
ceed ; to answer the purpose ; to achieve.
DOO-I-BlL'I-TY, ) n. Teachableness; docility;
DO'CI-BLE-NESS, f readiness to learn.
DO'CI-BLE (dos'ebl or dS'se-bl), a. Teachable;
easily taught.
DO'CILE (dos'sil or do'sil), a. Teachable; ready to
learn.
DO-C1L1-TY, 7i. Willingness to be taught.
DOC-I-MASTI! (dos-e-mas'tik), a. Assaying;
proving by assaj .
DOCK, n. A place for ships ; a plant ; tho
ing-place of a criminal in court ; the tail of a beast
cut short, or the stump. A dry dock has gates to
admit or exclude the tide. Wet doc.';* have none,
but ships may be repaired in them when the tide
is out. i-ail.
DOCK, v. t. To cut short ; to place in a dock ; to
DOCK' AGE, n. Pay for using a dock.
DOCK'ET, n. A direction tied to goods ; a list oi
cases or parties in court.
DOCK'ET, v. t. To mark ; to set in a list ; to malio
an abstract or a summary of the head
to mark the contents on the backs or files of pa-
pers, <fec.
DOCK'LNG, n. The act of drawing a ship into a
dock ; a cutting off the tail of an animol.
DOCK'- YARD, n. A yard for naval stores.
DOCTOR, n. A title in divinity, medicine, law, &c.
a teacher; a physician.
DOCTOR, v. t. To administer medicine; to prac-
tise physic.
DO'TOR-AL, a. Pertaining to a doctor's degree.
DOTOR-ATE, n. The degree of a doctor.
DOCTOR-ATE, v. t. To create a doctor.
DO!TOR'S-OM / MONS, n. The college of civi-
lians in London : the place where wills are proved
and administrators appointed.
DOCTOR-SHIP, n. The degree or rank of doctor ;
the highest academical degree.
DfrCTRI-NAL, a. Consisting of doctrine.
DOG'TRI-NAL, n. A doctrine or principle.
DOCTRI-NAL-LY, ad. By way of doctrine.
DO'TRlN E, 7i. Something taught or recommend-
ed to the belief of others; a principle; dogma;
tenet. SYN. Precept. A doctrine is something to
be believed, a precept something to be obeyed.
DO'0-MENT, n. Written instruction; official
paper or publication ; evidence ; proof.
DO / U-MENT, v. t. To furnish with written proof
or instructions.
DOe-O-MENT'AL, ) a. Pertaining to docu-
DO-0-MENT'A-RYj ments; relating to official
papers or publications ; consisting of written in-
structions.
DOD'DER, n. A creeping, parasitical, leafless
plant, with thread-shaped stems.
DO-DEG'A-GON, \n. A figure having t\s-elve
DO-DEC-A-HE'DRON, $ angles and twelve equul
sides.
DO-DE-A-HE'DRAL, a. Consisting of twelve
equal sides.
DODGE, v. t. To start aside ; to evade by a sudden
start; v. i. to escape by starting aside; to
v quibble.
DODGE, 7i. A starting aside ; an evasion.
uODG'ER, n. One guilty of deceit or mean tricks.
DO'DO, n. A large uncouth bird now considered
extinct.
DOE (do), n. The female of the deer, and rabbit.
DO'ER fdoo'er), n. One who performs.
DOE'-SKIN, ?i. The skin of afemale deer; a close-
twilled thick cloth for pantaloons.
DOFF (do off), v. i. To put off, as dress ; to strip.
DOG, n. A domestic animal well known ; a lump of
iron ; a term of reproach j an andiron ; a coustel-'
lation.
DOG
132
DOR
1, *, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
DOG, v. t. To follow continually; to worry; to
hunt.
DO'GATE, n. The oiEce of doge.
DOG'-CHEAP, a. Cheap as dog's meat or offal ;
very cheap.
DOG'-DAY, 7i. One of the days when Sirius, the
dog-star, rises and sets with the sun.
DOGE, 7i. Formerly the chief magistrate of Venice
and Genoa.
DOG'-FISH, n. A fish of the shark-kind, of seve-
ral species.
DOG'GED (dSg'ged), a. Morose; stubborn; surly.
DOG'GED-LY, ad. Stubbornly ; morosely.
DOG'GER, n. A kind of Dutch fishing vessel.
DOG'GER-EL, 71. Irregular, mean poetry ; a. sorry ;
contemptible; vile.
DOG'GlSH, a. Like a dog; snappish; churlish.
DOG'-KEN-NEL, 71. A little hut for dogs.
DOG'MA, n. ; pi. DCG'MAS or DOG'MA-TA. Originally,
a doctrinal truth ; hence, a doctrine urged autho-
ritatively on the faith of others. STN. Tenet.
A tenet is an article of faith which is firmly held.
Dogma has now a somewhat odious sense, from its
carrying with it the idea of atithority or undue
assumption, as in its derivative dogmatism.
DOG-MAT'I, la. Pertaining to a dogma;
DOG-M\T'I-AL, j hence, positive ; arrogant.
DOG-MAT'I-AL-LY, ad. Positively; arrogantly.
DOG-MAT'IS, n. pi. Doctrinal theology.
DOG'MA-TISM, n. Magisterial assertion.
DOG'MA-TIST, \n. A positive teacher ; a confi-
DOG'MA-TlZ-ER,f dent assertor.
DOG'MA-TIZE, v. i. To lay down positions magis-
terially.
DOG'ROSE, n. The wild brier that bears the hip.
DOG'S'-EAR, 71. The corner of the leaf of a book
turned down.
DOG'-STAR, n. Sirius, a star of the first magni-
tude.
D0G'-TROT, 7i. A gentle trot like that of a dog.
DOG 7 - WATCH (-wotch), n. At sea, a watch of two
hours, there being two such between 4 and 8
o'clock, P.M.
DOI'LY, 7i. A small napkin used with fruit and
wine.
DO'INGS (doo'ingz), 71. pi. Actions; perform-
ances; behaviour.
DOIT, n. A small piece of money ; a trifle.
DOL'CE (dul'cha), \ n. [It.] In music,
DOL'CE-MEN'TE (-cha-mgn'ta, j a direction to sing
or play softly and sweetly.
DOLE, 7i. A share dealt out ; a gift ; a pittance ;
also mourning.
DOLE, ". t. To deal out sparingly.
DOLE'FUL, a. Expressing grief; causing grief;
deeply sad. STN. Mournful; sorrowful; piteous;
melancholy ; gloomy.
DOLE'FIJL-LY, ad. In a sorrowful manner.
DOLE'^OME, (dole'sum), a. Sorrowful; dismal;
gloomy.
DOLL, 7i. A girl's puppet or toy-baby.
DOL'LAR, n. A coin in the United States, value
100 cents ; in Europe of different, but less values.
DOL'O-MlTE, n. A crystalline magnesian limestone.
DO'LOUR, 71. Grief; sorrow ; lamentation ; pain.
DOL-0-RiF're, ") a. Causing sorrow or pain ;
DOL-O-RlF'I-AL, $ showing pain or grief.
DOL-0-RO'SO, [It.] In music, pathetic.
DOL'O-ROUS, a. Full of grief. SYN. Doleful;
dismal; sorrowful.
DOL'O-ROUS-LY, ad. With pain ; mournfully.
DOL'PHIN, n. Two kinds of fish bear this name,
one, of the whale species, about 10 feet long ; the
other, so called by seamen and poets, about 5, dis-
tinguished for its surprising changes of colour
when dying.
DOLT (19) , . A stupid fellow ; a blockhead.
DOLT'ISH, a. Dull of intellect ; stupid ; blockish ;
foolish.
DOLT'ISH-NESS, n. Dullness of intellect.
DO-MAIN', 7i. Extent of territory or sway STN.
Empire; dominion; possession; estate.
TALL, WH^T; TH^RE, TEEM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
DOME, n. A building; a cathedral ; a spherical oi
arched roof ; a cupola.
DOME; $'D AY-BOOK, n. See DOOM'SDAT-BOOK.
DO-MES'Tre, a. Belonging to the house or home ;
remaining much at home ; living near the abodes
of men; tame; made in one's own house or coun-
DO-MES'TI, n. A person hired and employed in
the house.
DO-MES'TI-GATE, v. t. To tame.
DO-MES-TI-GA'TION, n. Act of taming
DO-MES-TIC'I-TY (-tis'e-ty), n. State of being do-
mestic.
DOM'I-ClLE (-sfl), n. A mansion; a permanent
dwelling.
DOM'I-ClLE, ) v . t. To establish a fixed resi-
DOM-I-CIL'I-ATE, ) dence.
DOM-I-CIL'I-A-RY, o. Pertaining to a private resi-
dence ; intruding into such a residence.
DOM-I-CIL-I-ATION, n. Permanent inhabitancy.
DOM'I-NANT, 7i. In music, the fifth from the
tonic.
DOM'I-NANT, a. Having the rule or ascendancy.
STN. Ruling; governing; prevailing; predomi-
nant.
DOM'I-NATE, v . t. To rule over ; to prevail.
DOM-I-NATION, 71. Ruling power; arbitrary
authority ; tyranny.
DOM'I-NE, 7i. [L.] A schoolmaster; a title given
by the Dutch to a preacher.
DOM-I-NEER', v. i. To rule with insolence.
DO-MlN'I-AL, a. Denoting the Lord's day.
DO-MlN'I-GANS, n. pi. An order of monks.
DO-M1'NION (-mm'yun), n. Supreme authority;
territory governed; right of governing. STN.
Sovereignty ; control ; rule ; authority ; govern-
ment; region.
DOM'I-NO, n. ; pi. D5M'i-Nos. A kind of hood ;
dress ; a kind of game.
DON, 7i. Spanish title of a gentleman.
DON, v. t. (do on.) To invest with ; to put on.
DO'NA-BLE, a. That may be given.
DO-NA'TION, 7i. That which is given or be-
stowed. STN. Gift; present. Gift is generic; a
present is a gift intended as a compliment or ex-
pression of kindness ; a dtmation is a word of
more dignity, denoting a gift to some public object,
and usually large in amount.
DON'A-TlVE, 7i. A gift ; a largess.
DO-NEE', n. One to whom a gift is made of land,
&c.
DON' JON (dun'jun), n. The keep of an ancient
castle ; a place of refuge in case of necessity.
DON'KEY, n. ; pi. DON'KKYS. An ass, particularly
for the saddle.
DO'NOR, 7i. One who gives or bestows.
DOOM, v. t. To sentence ; to condemn ; to fix the
fate of.
DOOM, n. Sentence given ; judgment ; fate ; ruin.
DOOM'S'DAY (doomz'da), n. The day of judgment.
UOOM'S'DAY-BOQK, > n. A register of all the
DOME'S'DAY-BQQK, ) lands of England, made
by William the Conqueror with a view to their
being adjudged (doomed) for taxation.
DOOR, n. An opening to pass into or out of a
building or room, or the frame of boards, &c., that
closes it ; avenue ; access.
DOOR'-KEEP-ER, n. One who attends at the
door.
DO-RA'DO, 7i. A Southern constellation ; a sword-
fish, or large fish like a dolphin.
DO'REE, n. See JOHN DOKY.
DORTG, o. An order of architecture.
DOR'I-CISM, n. A phrase in the Doric dialect.
DOR-MAN-CY, n. Quiescence; sleep.
DOR'MANT, o. Sleeping ; private ; neglected.
Dormant partner, one who takes no share in the
active business of a company or partnership, but
shares in the profit or loss.
DORTyiER, > 7i. A window in the roof
DOR-MER-WlN'DOW, j of a house.
DOR'MI-TlVE, n. A medicine to promote sleep.
DOB
133
BOX
DOVB WQLF, BOQK ; R^LE, BLL ; VICIOUS.
DORTMI-TO-RY, n. A place to sleep in.
DOR'MOUSE, n. ; pi. D6R'Mic. An animal allied
to the mouse, which sleeps most of the winter.
DOR'SAL, a. Appertaining to the back.
DOSE, n. As much medicine as is taken at once.
DOSE, v. t. To form into doses ; to give in doses ;
to give any thing nauseous.
DOS'SER, n. A basket borne on the back.
DOS'SIL, n. A pledget of lint used in surgery. _
DOT, n. A point used in writing and printing;
a speck.
DOT, t;. t. To mark with dots.
DOTAGE, n. Feebleness of mind in old age.
DO'TAL, a. Pertaining to dower or marriage por-
tion ; constituting or comprised in dower.
DO'TARD, n. One whose mind is impaired by age.
DO-TATION, n. Endowment ; act of endowing.
DOTE, v. t. To be or become silly; to dote on, to
love to excess.
DOTER, n. One who is foolishly fond.
DOT'ING-LY, ad. With silly fondness.
DOTTER-EL, n. A silly bird of the plover kind,
caught while it watches and imitates the fowler's
actions.
DOU'AYBl'BLE (doo'a) [from Douay, in France],
n. An English translation of the Bible, with
notes, authorized by the Roman Catholic Church.
DOUB'LE (dub'bl), a. Two-fold; twice as much;
having the same repeated or added twice ; deceit-
ful ; acting two parts.
DOUB'LE (dub'bl), r. t. To make two-fold; to
pass round; to increase by an equal sum or value ;
to contain twice as much ; to add one to another :
v. i. to increase to twice the sum ; to turn back or
wind in running, as a hare.
DOUB'LE (dub'bl), n. Twice the quantity or num-
ber; that which exactly corresponds to some-
thing else.
DOUB'LE, ad_. To twice the quantity or degree.
DOUB'LE-BASE, n. The lowest toned violinceUo ;
contra-basso.
DOUB'LE-DE AL-ER, n. One who acts two parts ;
a deceitful, trickish person.
DOUB'LE-DEAL-ING, n. The practice of dupli-
city.
DOU'BLE-EN-TEN'DEE, (do'bl-an-tan'dr) ,n. [Fr.]
A phrase with a double, often indelicate mean-
DOUB'LE-ENTRY, n. Book-keeping by entries in
two books and forms.
DOUB'LE-FAC-BD (duVbl-faste), a. Hypocrit-
ical ; having or showing two faces.
DOUB'LE-MIND-ED, a. Having different minds
at different times ; wavering ; unsettled.
DOUB'LE-NESS (duVbl-ness), n. State of being
double ; duplicity ; hypocrisy.
DUUB'LER, n. He or that which doubles ; an in-
strument for increasing a small quantity of elec-
tricity.
DOUB'LET, TV. A thing doubled ; a pair ; a man's
under garment ; a counterfeit stone ; a contri-
vance in a microscope for rendering an object
clearer and more distinct.
DOUBLE-TONGUED (dub'bl-tungd), a. Speaking
differently at different times ; deceitful.
DOUB'LETS (dWblets), n. pi. A game on dice ;
the same number of both dice.
DOUB'LING (dub^ling), n. A fold; plait; arti-
fice.
DOUB-LOON' (dub-loon'), n. A Spanish gold coin
equal to two pistoles, and worth about 3 5s.
DOUB'LY (dub'bly), ad. With twice the quantity ;
twice.
DOUBT (dout), v. t. To hesitate; to suspect; to
fear ; v. t. to question ; to distrust.
DOUBT, n. Uncertainty of mind ; difficulty as to
belief. STN. Hesitation. Doubt belongs to the
understanding, and hesitation to the will. While
there are serious doubts in the mind, there must
be a painful hesitation as to the course to be pur-
sued.
DOUBT A-BLE (dout'-), a. That may be doubted.
-e as K ; & a.3 J; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DOUBT'ER (dout'-), n. One whose opinion is un-
settled.
DOUBTFUL (dout'-), a. Uncertain; not deter-
mined ; not confident.
DOUBTFUL-LY (dout'-), ad. "With doubt; am-
biguously.
DOUBTFUL-NESS (dout'-), n. Uncertainty; du-
biousness ; uncertainty of event or issue.
DOUBTLESS, } ad. Beyond doubt; unques-
DOUBTLESS-LY, j tionably.
DOU-CEUR' (doo-surO, n. [Fr.] A present; gift;
bribe.
DOUCHE (doosh), n. [Fr.] A jet or current of
water thrown on some diseased part of the body.
DOUGH (do), 7i. Unbaked paste, as of bread.
DOUGH'FACE, n. One who is flexible and easily
moulded.
DOUGH'NUT, 7i. A small, roundish cake of flour,
sweetened and boiled in lard.
DOUGH'TI-NESS (dow'-), n. Bravery ; valour.
DOUGH'TY (dow'ty), a. Brave ; illustrious.
DOUGHTT (do'y), a. Soft or plastic, like dough or
paste ; pale.
DOUSE (dowse), v. t. To plunge into water; to
lower in haste; v. i. to fall suddenly into the
water.
DOVE (duv), n. A domesticated pigeon ; emblem
of love and peace ; term of endearment.
DOVE'-OT, ) Mrtw , (n. A house or shelter
DOVE'-HOUSE, ; ( dav -)> \ for pigeons.
DOVE'LIKE, a. Gentle ; harmless ; innocent.
DO VER'S-POW'DER, n. A sedative and sudorific
composed of ipecacuanha, opium, and sulphate of
potash.
DOVETAIL (duv'-), n. A joint in form of a dove's
tail spread ; v. t. to unite with a dovetail joint.
DOWA-BLE (dou'a-bl), a. That may b3 endo'ved.
DOW'A-GER, n. A widow with a jointure; a titlo
of widows of rank.
DOWDY, n. An awkward, ill-dressed woman.
DOWDY, a. Awkward ; ill-dressed ; slovenly.
DOWDY-ISH, a. Like a dowdy.
DOWEL, v. t. To fasten two boards together by
Sins inserted into the edges.
W'EL, n. A pin of wood or iron used to join the
edges of boards, &c.
DOWER, n. The portion of a married woman or a
widow.
DOW'ER-LESS, o. Being without a dower.
DOWN, prep. Along a descent ; from a higher to a
lower place ; ad. in a descending direction ; on
the ground ; below the horizon ; into disrepute or
disgrace. Used also in various ways, as down,
i. e., throw, pull, cast, bring down any one, &c.
DOWN, a. Downcast ; dejected.
DOWN, 7i. An open plain; bank of sand; soft
plumage of fowls, particularly of the duck ; fine
hairy substance of seeds or plants, &c.
DOWN'-G'AST, a. Bent or cast down ; dejected.
DOWNFALL, n. A fall ; ruin ; overthrow.
DOWN'-HAUL, 7i. A rope passing up a stay and
fastened to the stay-sail to pull it down.
DOWN'HILL, n. Declivity; slope of a hill; a. de-
scending; sloping.
DOWN'LOOK-ING, a. Downcast; dejected; sul-
len; gloomy.
DOWNRIGHT, a. Open; undisguised; to the
point ; ad. plainly ; frankly.
DOWNS, 7i. pi. Ridges of hilly poor land. The
Downs, a well-known road for shipping near Deal.
DOWN'slT-TING, n. A sitting down; repose; a
resting.
DOWN'TROD, ~)a. Trampled on;
DOWN'TROD-DF^S" (-trod-dn), ) trodden down.
DOWN' WARD, a. Descending ; tending to a lower
place ; ad. from a higher to a lower place.
DOWN'Y, a. Covered with, made of or like down ;
soft.
DOWRY, 7i. See DOWER, the proper word.
DOX-O-LO(VI-AL, a. Pertaining to doxol
DOX-OL'0-(iY, n. A hymn or form of giving glory
to God.
BOX
134
DRE
I, S, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
, n. A loose woman ; a prostitute.
DOZE, v. i. To slumber ; to drowse ; to be stupid ; \
v. t. to pass or spend in drowsiness.
DOZE, n. Light sleep ; slumber.
DOZ'IiN (duz ; in), n. Twelve things, usually of the
like kind ; a. twelve in number.
DO'ZI NESS, n. Drowsiness ; disposition to slesp.
N G, n. A slumbering ; sluggishness. /-
D;.)'ZY,a. Sleepy; he.ivy; dull.
DRAB, n. A. low, sluttish woman ; a harlot.
DKAK, a. 1'eing of a pale brown colour; n. a cloth
of the like colour.
DRAB'BLE, v. t To draggle; to muddy; to draw
in mud and water ; v. i. to fish for barbels.
DRACHM (dram), ) n. A Grecian silver coin,
DRAtJH'MA (drak'ma),r worth about ninepence ;
a Grecian weight of about 2 dwt. 7 grains troy.
DRAFF, n. Dregs ; lees ; refuse ; wash for swine.
DRAFT Y, a. Dreggy ; waste; worthless.
DliAFT (6), n. (corrupted from draught.) A bill
drawn for money ; a drink; a sketch; a detach-
ing of soldiers from an army.
DRAFT, v. t. To draw; to select; to detach.
DRAFTS, n. pi. A game played on a checkered
board ; checkers.
DRAG, v. t. To pull; to break or harrow land ; to
draw along slowly ; to pull or haul roughly ; v. i.
to trail on the ground ; to fish with a dragnet ; to
proceed slowly ; to hang or grate on the floor.
DRAG, n. A hook; a net; a harrow; a hand-cart.
DRAG'GLE, v. i. To draw 0:1 the ground ; to wet
or dirty by trailing; v. i. to be drawn on the
ground ; to become wet or dirty by trailing in the
mud, &c.
DRAG'MAN, n. A. fisherman who uses a dragnet.
DRAG'NET, n. A net to bo drawn on the bottom.
DJJAG'O-MAN, ") n. ; pi. OKAO'D-MANS. An inter-
DRCG'O-MAN, ) preter in the East.
DEAG'ON, n. A winged serpent; Satan; constel-
lation ; a, iizard.
DHAG'ON-FL? , n. An insect with a long, slender
body and narrow reticulated wings ; libeliula.
DRAG'ON-ISH, a. Furious; fiery.
DRAG'ON-LIKE, a. Like a dragon ; furious.
DRAG'ON'S-BLOOD (drag'onz-blud), n. A red
resinous substance ; the indurated drops of the
Pterocarpus draco, and the fruit of the Calamus
draco, &c.
DRA-GOON', n. A cavalry soldier trained to fight
en foot if necessary.
DRA-GOON', v. t. To persecute or enslave by sol-
diers ; to harass ; to force to submit.
DRAG-OON-ADE', n. The abandoning of a place to
the rage of soldiers.
DRA-GOON'ING, n. Extreme compulsion.
DRAIN, n. A channel for carrying off water; a
sewer ; a sink.
DRAIN, v. t. To filter; to empty; to exhaust; to
draw off ; r. i. to flow off slowly ; to be emptied.
DRAIN'A-BLE, a. That can be drained.
DRAIN' AGE, n. A drawing or flowing off; system
of drains.
DRAINING, n. The process or act of making drains
on lands.
DRAKE, 11. A male duck ; a cannon.
DRAM, n. A glass of ardent spirits; in medicine,
the eighth of an ounce ; in avoirdupois weight, the
sixteenth of an ounce ; a small quantity.
DRAM, v. i. To drink often of liquor.
DRA'MA or DRA'MA, n. A composition to be act-
ed representing various phases of human life ; a
tragedy or comedy, &c. ; the action of a play.
DRA-MAT'I, ") a. Represented by action;
DRA-MAT'I-AL.) theatricals.
DRA-MAT'I-AL-LY, ad. By representation.
DRAM'A-TIST, n. An author of a dramatic piece.
DRAM'A-TIZE, v. t. To compose in, or give to a
composition the form of a play.
DRAPE, v. t. To cover with cloth or drapery.
DItA'PER, n. One who deals in cloths.
DRA'PERY, n. Cloth-work ; the dress of a picture
or statue ; hangings ; curtains ; tapestry.
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD, MOVB,
DRAS'TKJ, a. Powerful ; efficacious.
DRAUGHT (draft), n. Act of drawing ; that which
is drunk at once ; delineation ; a sketch ; the quan-
tity offish caught at one haul; the depth to which
a ship sinks when laden ; a current of air ; a
sink.
DRAUGHT'-HORSE, n. A horse used for dra\v-
DRlijGHTS (drafts), n. pi. A game resembling
chess ; a mustard plaster for raising blisters.
DBA LJGHTS'MAN, n. One who draws writings or
designs ; a tippler.
DRAW, "j. t. [pret. DREW; pp. DRAWN.] To pull
along, up, or out ; to suck or inhale ; to attract ;
to describe ; to sketch ; to derive, receive, or
gain ; to sink into water, as a ship, &o, ; v. i. to
pull ; to practise drawing.
DRAWA-BLE, a. That may be drawn.
DRAWBACK, n. Duty refunded to an importer
on exported goods ; any loss of advantage.
DRAW-BRiDOE, n. A bridge bo be raised, let
down, or drawn aside.
DRA W-EE', n. One on whom a bill is drawn ; the
payer.
DRAWER, n. One who draws a bill ; one who
draws water or other liquor ; a slidin
DRAWERS, n. pL A garment worn under t/owsers.
DRAWING, n. Tha act of pulling or attracting;
a delineation ; sketch.
DRAWING-MAS-TEK, n. One who teaches the
art of drawing.
DRAWING-ROOM, n. A room for receiving com-
DRAWL, v. t. To lengthen words in speaking.
DRAWN, a. Equal; moved aside; in a melted
state.
DRAWN'-BATTLE, n. A fight in which neither
party can claim the victory.
DRAW-PLATE, n. A steel plate with conical
holes of various diameters, through which wire is
drawn to be made finer.
DRAY (dra), ) n. A low cart or carriage on
DRAY'ART, f wheels.
DRAY'-HORSE, n. A horse used in a dray.
DRAY'MAN, n. A man that drives a dray.
DRAZ'EL (draz'zl), n. A low, dirty woman.
DREAD (drSd), n. Great fear ; cause of fear.
DREAD (dred), v. t. To fear in a great degree;
v. i. to be greatly alarmed.
DRfiAD (dr6d), a. Awful ; inspiring dread ; ter-
rible.
DREAD'FtiL (drSd'-), a. Inspiring dread; im-
pressing with great fear. STN. Terrible ; shock-
ing. Terrible is stronger and more vivid than
dreadful ; shocking (lit., shaking or agitating)
strikes with all its force on the moral feelings.
A dreadful accident ; a terrible catastrophe ; a
shocking exhibition of wickedness.
DREAD'FUL-LY (dred'-). ad. Terribly; fright-
fully.
DREAD'FUL-NESS (drSd'-), n. Awfulness; fear-
fulness ; terribleness,
DREAD'LESS (dred'-), a. Fearless; bold ; intrepid.
DREAD'NAUGHT (dred'nawt), n. A thick cloth
with long pile to keep out cold; a garment oi
such cloth.
DREAM, n. Thoughts in sleep ; vain fancy ; ground-
less suspicion.
DREAM, . i. [p)-et. and pp. DREAMED, DREAMT.]
To think in sleep ; to fancy ; to think idly ; v. t.
to see in a dream.
DREAM'ER, n. One who dreams ; a visionary ; a
schemer ; sluggard.
DREAM'FUL, a. Full of dreams ; wont to dream.
DREAM'LESS, a. Free from dreams.
DREAMT, a. Full of dreams ; visionary.
DREAR, I a. Dismal; gloomy with solitude ;
DRKAR'Y.j mournful.
DREAR'I-LY, ad. Gloomily ; dismally.
DREAR'I-NESS, n. Gloominess ; dismal solitude.
DREDGE, n. An oyster net ; oats and barley sown
together.
DUE
135
DUO
DOTE, WOLF, B99K; B^LE, BULL ; Vi"ciOUS. as K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH O3 SH ; THIS.
DREDGE, v. t. To sprinkle flour, as on meat ; to
catch or gather with a dredge ; to remove mud for
deepening rivers, &c.
DRKDG'ER, n. One who fishes with a dredge.
DREDG'ING-BOX, n. A box for sprinkling flour.
DREDGTNG-MA-CHlNE', n. An engine for tak-
ing up mud and gravel from the bottom of rivers
DREG'GI-NESS, n. Fullness of dregs or lees ;
feculence; foulness.
DREG'GY, a. Containing dregs ; foul.
DREGS, n. pi. Sediment of liquors ; lees ; refuse
DRENCH, v. t. To wet thoroughly; to soak; to
purge violently ; n. a dose for a beast ; swill.
DRESS, n. Covering or ornament for the body ; a
suit of clothes ; a lady's gown ; splendid clothes ;
attire ; skill in adjusting clothes or wearing them.
DRESS, v. t. [prct. and pp. DRESSED or DKEST.]
to clothe ; to deck ; to cook ; to trim ; to cover a
wound ; to make straight ; to adjust ; to put in
order ; to prepare, as food ; v. i. to arrange in a
line ; to use care in putting on or wearing clothes.
DRESS'ER, n. One who dresses ; a kitchen table.
DRESSING, n. Act of decking ; act of clothing ;
a trimming ; a covering with manure ; application
to a wound ; a whipping.
DRESSING-ROOM, n. An apartment to dress in.
DRESS'-MAK-ER, n. A maker of gowns, &c. ; a
mantua-maker.
DliS3% a. Dressing much; showy in dress.
DliEUL (drule), t. i. To let saliva flow from the
mouth. See DROOL.
DRlB'BLE, v. i. To drop slowly or in small drops ;
to slaver ; to drivel.
DRlB'BLET, n. A small part or piece; a small
sum.
DEl'ER, n. That which has the quality of drying.
See DRYEB.
DRIFT, n. In geology, a term applied to the loose
rocks and other materials drifted by water and
deposited on the earth's surface beneath; also
called diluvium.
DRIFT, n. Design; scope; aim; a passage be-
tween shafts in a mine; pile of snow or sand.
DRIFT, v. t. To drive into heaps ; to urge ; v. i.
to float ; to accumulate in heaps by the force of
wind.
DRIFT- WQQD, n. Wood drifted or floated by
water.
DRILL, n. A pointed tool for boring; a small fur-
row.
DRILL, v. t. To bore, as iron ; to exercise much ;
v. i. to sow in farrows ; to flow gently.
DRlLL'-BOX, n. A box for sowing seed in drills.
DRlLL'-HAR-RGW, n. A small harrow used in
drill-husbandry.
DRlLL'-HtJS'BAND-RY, n. Sowing land by a
machine in furrows.
DRlLL'ING, n. A linen or cotton cloth used for
trowsers; the act of boxing ; sowing in rows.
DRlLL'-PLOW, ) n. A plow for making the
DRlLL'-PLOUGH, > holes or furrows, or for sow-
ing and covering the seed at once.
DRINK, n. A liquor to be swallowed.
DRlNK, v. t. [pret. DRANK, pp. DRANK, DRUNK.]
To swallow ; to absorb ; to inhale ; v. i. to swal-
low liquor ; to take spirituous liquors to excess.
DRlNK'A-BLE, a. That is fit to be drunk.
DRlNK'ER, n. One who drinks ; a drunl;
DKlNK'ING, rc. Act of swallowing liquors.
DRlNK/ING-HORN, n. A cup made of horn used
anciently at fen
DRIP, v. t. To fall in drops ; r. t. to let fall in
drops.
DRlP, n. That which falls in drops ; the eaves of a
house a cornice from which water drops.
DRIPPING, n. The fat that drops from meat
while roasting.
DRlP'PING-PAN, n. A pan for the fat of roast
meat.
DRlP'-STONE, 7i. A slab of stone above the door
or window to protect it from rain.
DRIVE, n. An excursion in a carriage for exercise
or pleasure. See RIDE.
DRIVE, v. t. [pret. DROVE (formerly Drave) ; pp.
DRIVEN.] To impel or urge forward by physical
force, or by motives addressed to the will ; to
chase ; to guide ; v. i. to be forced along ; to urge
to a point ; to rush ; to direct horses.
DRIVEL (driv'vl), v. i. To slaver; to drop ; to be
silly.
DRIVEL, n. Slaver ; spittle ; a fool.
DRIV.EL-LER (driv'vl-er) , n. A simpleton; a fool ;
a slaverer.
DRlV'EL-LING, n. Slavering; an involuntary flow
of saliva; conduct contemptible for its weakness.
DRIVER, n. One who drives ; one who directs a
carriage; in machinery, a wheel that communi-
cates power.
DRlZ'ZLE (driz'zl), v. i. To shed in small drops of
particles ; v. t. to rain in small drops.
DRlZ'ZLE, n. A rain in very fine drops.
DRlZ'ZLY (drlz'zly), o. Raining in small drops ;
misty,
DEOIT (drwa), n. [Fr.] Right; title; fee; privi-
lege ; o. straight ; right.
DROLL, n. One whose practice is to raise mirth
by odd tricks.
DROLL, a. Causing laughter by something queer
or odd. SYN. Laughable; comical. Laughable is
generic, denoting any thing calculated to excite
laughter; comical denotes oomethiug humorous
of the kind exhibited in comedies; droll stands
lower in the scale, being derived from the French
drole, a buffoon or antic, who excited laughter
by queer tricks, &c.
DROLL'ER-Y, n. The use of odd gestures, expres-
sions, &c., to create laughter; a laughable show.
SYN. Archness; buffoonery; mummery.
DROLL'ISH, a. Somewhat droll.
DROM'E-DA-RY (drum'-), n. A camel with one
hunch ; the Arabian camel.
DRONE, n. The male bee ; a sluggard; hum; v. i.
to live in idleness.
DRON'ISH, a. Sluggish ; heavy ; dull.
DROOL, v. t. To drivel or drop saliva as a babe.
See DREDL.
DROOP, v. i. Literally, to drop ; to sink down, as
from weakness ; to grow weak ; to pine from grief.
SYN. To bend; flag; languish.
DROOP'ING-LY, ad. With langour or weakness,
as_if faint.
DROP, n. A small portion of a fluid falling at once,
or a globule about to fall ; an ear-ring ; part of a
gallows that is let fall.
DROP, v. t. To let fall in small particles ; to let go ;
to dismiss ; to leave ; to utter slightly ; to sprinkle
with drops ; v. i. to distil or fall in small particles ;
to fall ; to sink out of notice ; to die ; to be deep
in extent.
DROPLET, n. A little drop.
DROPPING, n. That which drops ; a falling.
DROPS, n. pi. A dose of medicine measured by
drops.
DROPSCENE, n. The curtain in front of the stage
in a theatre.
DROP'-SE-RNE', n. A disease of the eye; am-
aurosis.
DROP'SI-AL, a. Afflicted with dropsy.
DROP'SI-AL-NESS, . State of being dropsical.
DROP'SIL'D (drup'sid), a. Diseased with a dropsy.
DROP'SY, n. A morbid collection of Serum or wa-
tery matter in some parts of the body.
DROS'KY, n. A Russian four-wheeled carriage,
without top, in which persons ride on a long, nar-
row bench, with their feet almost to the ground.
DRO-SOM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
ing dew.
DROSS, 7i. The ecum of metals ; rust ; refuse.
DROSS'I-NESS, n. A drossy state ; foulness.
DROSS% a. Full of dross ; like dross ; impure.
DROUGHT, ) ?i. Dryness ; want of rain. [Drouth
DROUTH, $ was once common, and is yet
used, particularly in Scotland.]
DEO
136
DUE
I, fi, &c., long. I, i, Ac., short CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; iniRE, T&RJI; MA.RIKB, B!KD ; MOVB,
DROUGHTS (drou'ty), o. Arid; thirsty; want-
ing rain.
DROVE, n. A number of cattle, fishes, or other
animals driven in a body; a crowd of people in
motion.
DROVER, n. One who drives cattle, &c., to mar-
ket.
DROWN, v. i. To be suffocated or perish in water ;
v. t. to overwhelm with water ; to destroy life in
water.
DROWSE (drowze), v. i. To sleep unsoundly; to
slumber ; to look or be heavy or dull ; v. t. to make
heavy with sleep ; to produce dulness.
DROWS'I-LY (drow'ze-), ad. Sleepily; heavily;
sluggishly.
DROWS'I-NESS (drow'ze-), n. Sleepiness ; un-
sound sleep.
DROWS'Y (drow'zy), a. Sleepy; heavy; dull;
lulling.
DRUB, n. A thump ; a blow ; a knock.
DRUB, v. t. To beat heartily. SYN. To thrash;
pound; bang; thump.
DRUB'BING, n. A sound beating ; cudgelling.
DRUDGE, v. i. To labour with much fatigue or in
mean offices ; to toil ; to slave.
DRUDGE, 7i. One who toils hard ; a laborious
servant.
DRUDG'ER-Y, 7i. Hard work; toil; servile occu-
pation.
DRUG, n. Any substance used as a medicine ; a
thing slow of sale ; poison, as a deadly dmg.
DRUG, v. t. To administer drugs ; to season with
drugs ; to dose to excess.
DRUGGED (driigd), a. Dosed with medicines,
&c.
DRUG'GET, n. A slight woollen cloth used over
carpets.
DRUG'GIST, n. One who deals in drugs.
DRO'ID, n. An ancient Celtic priest.
DRO'ID-ESS, n. A female Druid.
DBTMml'-AL, }' Pertaining to thodruids.
DRC'ID-ISM, 7i. The religion, rites, and ceremo-
nies of the druids.
DRUM, 71. A martial instrument of music ; mem-
brane or barrel of the ear ; a short cylinder re-
volving on an axis for turning wheels by straps
around it ; any thing packed in a drum-like box,
as a drum of figs ; a drum -shaped box of sheet-iron
to be heated by a stove ; the solid part or base of
a column.
DRUM, v. i. To beat a drum ; to beat with success-
ive strokes ; v. t. to expel with beat of drum.
DRUM'-MA'JOR, 7i. The chief drummer.
DRUM'MER, n. One who beats a drum.
DRUM'MOND-LIGHT, n. An intense light causad
by a stream of ignited oxygen and hydrogen gas
thrown at once on a ball of lime.
DRUM'-STICK, n. A stick with a knobbed end
for beating drums.
DRUNK, a. Overcome ; stupefied or inflamed by
ardent spirits ; drenched with liquor.
DRUNK'ARD, n. One given to excessive drinking;
habitually drunk.
DRUNK'-EN (drunken), a. Intoxicated; addicted
to drunkenness; proceeding from intoxication;
drenched.
DRUNK'EN-NESS (drunVkn-), n. State of being
overpowered by spirituous liquors. SYN. Intoxi-
cation ; inebriation. Drunkenness refers more to
the habit of excessive drinking ; intoxication and
inebriation to specific acts.
DRU-PA'CEOUS (-pa'shus), a. Producing drupes.
DRUPE, n. In botany, a pulpy covering or fruit,
containing a stone, with a kernel, as a plum.
DRUSE, n. A small hollow in a rock, studded in-
side with crystals or filled with water.
DRY, o. Having no moisture ; not juicy ; thirsty ;
barren ; sarcastic.
DRY, v. t. To free from moisture by any means, as
by draining, wiping, or evaporation ; v. i. to grow
dry ; to lose moisture ; to evaporate.
A nymph or goddess of the woods and
DRY'AD, n.
trees.
DRY'ER, n. That which absorbs moisture; that
which dries.
DRY'GOODS, n. pi. Cloths, silks, &c., in distinc-
tion from groceries.
DRY'ING-OIL, n. Linseed or other oil heated with
oxide of lead to harden.
DRY'LY, ad. Coldly ; severely ; sarcastically.
DBY'MESS, n. Wantof moisture; thirst; drought;
want of ornament, ardour, or feeling.
DRY'-NURSE, n. A nurse who does not suckle.
DRY'ROT, n. A decay by which timber turns to
powder, which comes out of tubular cavities re-
sembling worm-holes, and probably results from
fermentation.
DRY'-SALT'ER, n. One who deals in dried or
salted meats, &c. ; also, one who deals in chemi-
cal salts.
DRY'SHOD, a. Having the feet dry.
DU'AD, n. Union of two.
DO'AL, a. Expressing the number two.
DtJ'AL-ISM, n. The doctrine of two gods or prin-
ciples, good and evil
DU'AL-IST, n. One who holds to dualism.
DU-AL-IST'IC, a. Consisting of two.
DU-AL'I-TY, n. The state of being two.
DUB, v. t. To strike ; to confer a title ; v. i. to
make a quick noise by repeats ; n. a blow ; one of
repeated stroka.s.
DQ'BI-OUS (29), a, Wavering in opinion ; not
clear or plain ; of uncertain issue. SYN. Doubt-
ing ; unsettled ; doubtful ; ambiguous ; equivo-
cal; uncertain; precarious.
DU'BI-OUS-LY, ad. Doubtfully ; with uncertainty.
DU'BI-OUS-NESS, n.
vering; indecision.
TT r>r m
Doubtfulness; state of wa-
DU-BI-TA'TION, n. The act of doubting ; doubt.
DU'BI-TA-TIVE, a. Tending to doubt.
DU'!AL, a. Pertaining to a duke.
DQC'AT, n. A coin of various values, struck in the
dominions of a duke.
DU-A-TOON', n. A silver coin between is. and
5s.
DUCH'ESS, n. The wife of a duke; the female core-
reign of a duchy.
DUCH'Y, 7i. The territory of a duke.
DUCK, n. A water-fowl; a species of canvas.
DUCK, v. i. To plunge into water and immediately
withdraw ; v. t. to plunge the head under water.
DCCK'-BILL, n. The Ornithorynchus of New Hol-
land.
DUCK'ER, n. A plunger ; a diver.
DUCK'ING, n. Act of plunging under the water;
a sousing.
DUCK'ING-STOOL, n. A stool for ducking scolds.
DUCK'-LEGGJED (-iSgd), a. Having short, thick
legs, like a duck.
DUCK'LING, n. A young duck.
DLTT, 71. A tube ; canal; passage.
DU-G'TiLE (duc'til), a. Easily led or drawn; pli-
able ; that may be drawn out or extended.
DU'T1LE-NESS, } n. The quality of being easily
DU-T1I/I-TY, > drawn out or extended ; pli-
ableness ; ready compliance.
DUDG'EON (dud'jun), n. Anger; ill will; sullen-
ness ; a small dagger.
DUDS, n. pi. Old clothes.
DUE, ad. Directly ; exactly, as a due east course ;
o. literally, that is owed ; that ought to be paid or
done; hence, appropriate; becoming; owing, as
the mail is due.
DUE (28), n. That which is owed ; that which law
or custom requires. SYN. Debt ; claim ; right ;
just title.
DU'EL, n. A fight between two persons.
DU'EL, v. t. or i. To attack or fight singly; to
fight in single combat.
DU'EL-LING, n. The art or practice of fighting in
single combat.
DU'EL-LIST or DU'EL-LER, n. One who fights in
single combat.
DUE
137
DWE
D6VE, WOLF, B<?OK ; R^LE, BULL J Vl"CIOUS -6 as K ; G as J J S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
DU-EN'NA, n. ; pi. DU-N'NAS. An old woman or
governess.
DU-ET, n. A tune in two parts, vocal or instru-
mental.
DUF'FEL, n. A coarse woollen cloth with a nap.
DUG, n. The pap or teat of a beast.
D0KE n. One of the highest order of nobility ; in
foreign countries, a sovereign prince ; a chief.
DUKE'DOM, n. The estate of a duke.
DUL'CET, a. Sweet ; melodious ; harmonious.
DTJL-CI-FI-A'TION, n. Act of sweetening ; free-
ing from acidity, &c.
DUL'CI-FY, v. t. To sweeten ; to free from acids.
DUL'Cl-MER, n. An ancient instrument of music
a modern one with brazen strings, struck with
sticks.
DOLL, a. Slow of understanding ; without life or
animation ; slow in motion, hearing, sensibility,
&c. ; not bright or clear ; obtuse or blunt ; not
pleasing. STN. Stupid; sluggish; inert; stolid;
doltish ; prosy ; dim ; sad.
DOLL, v. t. To blunt ; to make stiipid or sad.
DULL'ARD, n. A stupid person ; a dunce.
DULL'-HEAD (-hed), n. A dolt; a blockhead.
DOLL'NESS, n. Stupidity; slowness of compre-
hension; drowsiness; sluggishness ; bluntuess ;
want of brightness or vividness.
DU'LY, ad. Fitly; properly; justly.
DDMB (dum), a. Unable to utter words; silent.
To strike dumb, to astonish, &c.
DUMB'-BELLS (dum'belz), n. pi. Weights swung
in the hands for exercise.
DUMB'LY (dum'ly), ad. Without using words.
DUMB'NESS (duin'ness), n. Inability to speak;
muteness.
DUMB'-SHOW, n. Gesture without words ; panto-
mime.
DOM-WAIT'ER, n. A frame with shelves for con-
veying food from the kitchen to the dining-room,
if necessary, hung on pulleys.
DUM'FOUNU, v. t. To strike dumb ; to confuse.
DO'MOSE,'} ' Beset with bushes and briers.
DUMP, v. 't. To throw or pitch down.
DUMPISH, a. Dull; stupid; moping.
DUMP'ISH-NESS, n. Dullness ; a state of moping.
DUMP'LING, n. A paste covering ; apples boiled.
DUMPS, n. pi. A dull state ; heaviness of heart ;
gloom ; a fit of melancholy.
DUMP'Y, a. Short and thick.
DON, a. Of a dun colour ; gloomy.
DUN, n. A darkish or dull brown colour; an im-
portunate creditor; his demand for payment; a
mound; an eminence.
DUN, a?, t. To urge for a debt ; to cure fish.
DUNCE, n. A dolt ; blockhead ; a stupid fellow.
DUN'DER-PATE, n. A dull-head ; a blockhead.
DUNE, n. A name given to low hills of moveable
sand ; a circular building with conical roof.
DUN'FISH, n. Codfish cured in a particular man-
ner.
DUNG, n. Animal excrement ; v. t. to manure with
dung ; to cast dung. [prison
DUN'GEON (dun'jun), n. A deep, dark place; close
DONG'-FORK, n. A fork used to throw dung.
DUNG'-HlLL, n. A heap of dung; a mean abode
or condition ; a. mean ; low ; vile.
DUNGT, a. Full of dung ; dirty ; foul.
DUNG'- YARD, n. A yard where dung is heaped up
for manure.
DUNK'ERS, n. pi. 'Hie name of a Christian sect,
who practised abstinence and mortification.
DUN'NAtJl], n. Faggots or loose articles of any
kind laid in ships to support goods.
DUN'NING, n. A pressing demand for the pay-
ment of debt ; a peculiar mode of preparing cod-
fish.
DUNT, n. The provincial name of a staggering
affection, especially in lambs.
DU'O [L.~] In music, a tune in two parts ; duet.
DU-O-DEC'I-MALS, n. pi. A cross multiplication
in which the denominations increase by twelves.
DU-O-DEC'I-MO (-dSs'e-mo), n. ; p7. Du-o-gc-i.
MOS. The size of a book when the sheet is divided
into twelve leaves, and hence the name.
DU-O-DECT-MO, a. Pertaining to or having the
size of a duodecimo volume.
DU-O-DE'NUM, n. The first of the small intes-
tines ; the twelve-inch intestine.
DU-O-LlT'ER-AL, a. Consisting of but two let-
ters.
DUPE, n. One easily deceived and imposed on.
DUPE, v. t. To deceive ; to mislead ; to impose on.
DU'PLE, a. Double.
DU'PLEX, a. [L.~\ In botany, compound.
DU'PLI-GATE, v. t. To fold ; to double.
DU'PLI-!ATE, a. Double; containing squares j
n. an exact copy.
DU-PLI-GA'TION, n. Act of doubling ; a fold.
DU'PLI-GA-TURE, n. A fold ; any thing doubled ;
in anatomy, the fold of a membrane, &c.
DU-PLlC'I-TY, (-plis'e-ty), n. Double dealing ; de-
ceit.
DU-RA-BfLT-TY, ) n. Power of lasting or con-
DUR'A-BLE-NESS, f tinuing in a given state.
DUR'A-BLE, a. Lasting; continuing long.
DUR'A-BLY, ad. With long continuance.
DOR'ANCE, 7i. Imprisonment; custody.
DU-RA'TION, n. Continuance ; length of time.
DURE^LESS, a. Not lasting; fading.
DU-RESS', n. Constraint by confinement ; unlaw-
ful imprisonment or restraint.
DUR'ING. This word was originally an active par-
ticiple from the verb to dure, or continue ; so that
" during a week" was the case absolute, denoting
for the continuance or space of a week. It is
now taken as a preposition, meaning for the space
of, for the period of.
DUSK, a. Tending to darkness ; obscttre.
DUSK, n. Tendency to darkness; slightly dark;
twilight.
DUSK'I-LY, ->od. With partial darkness ; dark
DUSK'ISH-LY, / ly; cloudily.
DUSK'I-NESS, n. Slight darkness.
DUSK'ISH, a. Somewhat dusk or dark.
DUSK'Y, a. Partially dark ; slightly obscure.
DUST, n. Very fine particles of dry earth; the
grave ; a low condition. [from.
DUST, v. t. To throw dust upon ; to brush dust
DUST'-BRUSH, 7i. A brush for furniture.
DUST'ER, n. A utensil for dusting.
DUST'I-NESS, 7i. A dusty state.
DOST'-MAN, n. One who carries away dust.
DUST'Y, a. Clouded or covered with dust; of the
colour of dust.
DUTCH'ESS, D0TCH/Y. See DUCHESS, &c.
DUTCH'-GOLD, n. Bronze leaf to ornament toys,
&c.
DUTCH'-PlNK, n. Whiting made yeUow by birch
leaves and alum.
DUTCH'-TILES, 71. pi. Ornamental tiles painted
and glazed.
DU'TE-OUS, a. Performing that which is due;
obedient.
DU'TE-OUS-NESS, n. Obedience to duty.
Du'TI^> BLE ' } a< Sub J' ect to duties or imposts.
DU'TI-FUL, a. Obedient to parents and superiors.
DU'TI-FUL-LY, ad. With performance of duty.
DU'TI-FUL-NESS, n. Obedience; submission.
DU'TY, n. That which is due, or which a person
is bound by any obligation to do ; obedience ; act
of reverence or respect ; the business of a soldier
or of war ; tax or customs.
DU-UM'VI-RATE, n. Government by two men.
DWARF, 7i. A person or plant below the ordinary
size ; a. very small ; low.
DWARF, v. t. To hinder from growing to full size ;
to keep small.
DWARF'ISH, a. Below the usual size ; small.
DWARF'ISH-NESS, n. Smallness of stature.
DWELL, v. i. [pret. and pp. DWELLED, DWELT.]
To live ; to reside ; to stay; to continue in fixed
attention.
DWE
138
EAS
I, , <fec., long. I, , &c,, s7iorf. CARE, FAR, L.iST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TEEM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
DWELL'ER, n. One who dwells ; an inhabitant.
DWELL'ING, n. A mansion ; habitation ; abode.
DWELLING-HOUSE, n. The house in which one
lives ; place of residence.
DWlN'DLE, v. i. To diminish ; to become less ; to
fall away ; to degenerate ; v. t. to make less ; to
bring low.
DYE (di), v. t. [pp. DYED.] To colour ; to stain ; to
give a new colour, as to cloth, &c.
DYE, n. Colouring liquor ; deep tinge ; colour.
DYE'-HOUSE, n. A building in which clothes,
&c., are dyed.
DYE'ING, ppr. or a. Colouring; staining; n. the
fractice or art of colouring.
'ER,
, n. One whose trade is to colour.
DYE'-STCTFF, n. Materials or drugs for dyeing.
D YTNG, ppr. or a. Expiring ; perishing ; fading
away.
D Y'ING, a. Mortal ; given or manifested at or near
the time of death ; pertaining to death, or the
time of death, as dying love, dying bed, &c.
DYKE. See DIKE.
DY-NAM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measuring
the magnifying power of telescopes.
DYN-A-MET'RLC-AL, a. Pertaining to a dynam-
eter.
DY-NAM'IG, 1 a. Belated to strength or to dy-
DY-NAM'I-AL, j namics.
DY-NAMTGS, n. pi. That branch of mechanics
which treats of the force of moving bodies.
DY'NAS-TY, n. A race of kings of the same family ;
sovereignty.
DYS'RA-SY, n. Ill state of the animal fluids.
DYS-EN-TfiRTG, a. Pertaining to dysentery.
DYS'EN-TER-Y, n. A flux from diseased bowels ;
bloody flux.
DYS-PEP'SY, \n. Bad digestion ; indigestion or
DYS-PEP'SI-A, S difficulty of digestion.
DYS-PEP'TKJ, a. Afflicted with indigestion or per-
taining to it.
DYS-PEP'TIC, n. A person afflicted with bad or
disordered digestion.
DYSP-NCE'A (disp-ne'a), n. A difficulty of breath-
ing.
DYS'C-EY, n. Difficulty of discharging urine.
E
T^ the second vowel and the fifth letter of the al-
J -'> phabet. Its long and natural sound, as in
here, me, is as the sound of the Italian and French i.
It has a short sound, as in met, and the sound of
a open or long, as in prey. As a final letter, it is
generally quiescent, but it lengthens the sound of
the preceding vowel, as in name ; and alter c and
g, it indicates that the former is to be pronounced
as s and the latter as j, as in face, cage.
EACH (ech), a. Every ; denoting every one sepa-
rately.
EA'GER (e'ger), o. Inflamed with warm desire;
ardent; vehement. SYN. Earnest. Eager (lit.
sharp, keen-set) marks an excited state of desire
or passion ; earnest (lit., reaching out, yearning)
denotes a permanent state of moral sentiment or
feeling. A child is eager for a plaything ; a hungry
man is eager for food ; a covetous man is eager
for gain. A preacher is earnest in his appeals to
the conscience ; an agent is earnest in his solicita-
tions.
EA'GER-LY, ad. With ardour; zealously; ear-
nestly.
EA'GER-NESS, n. Earnestness ; ardent zeal.
EA'GLE (e'gl), n. A rapacious bird of the genus
falco a gold coin of the value of 10 dollars, U.S.
EA'GLE-EYED (e'gl-Ide), a. Quick-sighted; of
acute sight; of acute intellectual vision.
EA'GLESS, n. A female or hen eagle.
EA'GLET, n. A young or diminutive eagle.
EAR, (eer),n. The organ of hearing ; the sense of
hearing; attention ; heed; any thing resembling
on ear ; a spike of corn.
EAR, v. i. To shoot into ears ; v. t. to plough.
EAR'INGS, n. Ropes to fasten the upper corners
of a sail to its yard.
EARL (13), n. The third British title of nobility.
EAR'-LAP, n. The tip of the ear.
EARL'DOM (erl'dttm), n. The dignity and juris-
diction of an earl.
EAR'LESS, a. Havingnoears ; not inclined to listen,
E AR'LI-NESS, n. A state of being beforehand.
EARL-MAR'SHAL, n. The eighth officer of state
in Great Britain, who superintends military so-
lemnities, &c. It is heriditary in the family of
Howard in England, and was in that of Keith in
Scotland.
E AR'-LOCK, n. A curl of hair near the ear.
EAR'LY (er'ly), a. Prior in time; first; bring in
good season ; ad. soon ; in good time.
EAR'-MARK (eer'mark), n. A mark on the ear.
EARN" (13), v. t. To merit by services ; to gain by
labour or performance ; to acquire.
EARN'EST (13), a. Ardent in the pursuit of an
object ; really intent ; serious. SYN. Warm ;
zealous ; animated ; fervent. See EAGER.
fiARN'EST, n. Something in advance, affording
promise of more to come ; part payment to bind
a bargain. To be in earnest is to be serious. SYN.
Pledge. An earnest, like first fruits, gives as-
assurance that more is coming of the same kind ;
a pledge, like money deposited, affords security
and ground of reliance.
EARN'EST-LY, ad. Eagerly ; warmly.
EARN'EST-NESS, n. Fixed desire; zeal.
EARN'INGS (ern'ingz), n. pi. The rewards of ser-
vices ; wages.
EAR'-RlNG, n. A jewel for the ear.
EAR'-SHOT, 7i. Reach of the ear ; distance at
which words may be heard.
EARTH (13), n. Mould or fine particles of the sur-
face of the globe ; the globe ; land ; country ; the
inhabitants of the globe. In chemistry, certain
insoluble metallic oxides ; things of earth, carnal,
temporary, &c., as opposed to spiritual and heav-
enly.
EARTH (erth), v. t. To cover with mould ; to hide
or cause to hide in the earth; v. i. to retire under
ground ; to burrow.
E ARTH'-BOAR D, n. The mould-board of a plough.
EARTH-BORN, a. Born of the earth.
EARTH'-BOUND. "> a. Low; grovelling; fixed to
EARTH'-BRED, j the earth.
EARTH'EN (er'thn), a. Made of earth or clay.
EARTH'LI-NESS, n. The quality of being earthly ;
worldly attachment.
EARTH'NOT, n. Name of certain vegetable pro-
ductions, as pea-nuts, pig-nuts, &c.
EARTH'QUAKE, n. A violent shaking of the
earth ; vibration of the ground.
EARTH'-WORK, n. In engineering, cutting em-
bankments, &c.
EARTH'- WORM, n. The dew-worm ; a mean
wretch.
EARTH'Y, a. Consisting of earth ; like earth.
EAR'-TRtlM'PET, n. A tube to aid in hearing.
EAR'- WAX, n. A thick, viscous matter secreted
in the ear ; the cerumen.
EAR'-WIG, n. An insect; a centiped.
EAR'-WlT'NESS, n. One able to testify from his
own hearing.
EASE (ez), n. Freedom from pain, difficulty, or
labour ; freedom from stiffness, constraint, or
formality. SYN. Rest ; repose ; tranquillity ; faci-
lity; readiness.
EASE, v. t. To relieve from pain ; to free from
anxiety or care ; to assuage ; to quiet.
EASE'FQL, a. Quiet ; peaceful ; fit for rest.
EAS'EL '(e'zl), n. An artist's stand for his canvas.
EASE'LESS, a. Wanting rest or quiet.
EASE'MENT (eez'ment), n. Relief; refreshment.
EA'SI-LY (e'ze-ly), ad. With ease ; gently ; with-
out trouble.
EA'SI-NESS (e'ze-ness), n. Tranquillity ; rest j
facility ; softness.
EAS
139
EDI
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; RtjLE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS.
EAST, n. The quarter whe*e the sun rises.
EAST, a . Toward the point where the sun rises.
EAST'ER, n. The festival of Christ's resurrection
on the first Sunday after Good Friday.
EASTER-LY, o. Pertaining to the
E AST'ERN, a. Being in the east or from the east.
EAST WARD, ad. Toward the east.
EA'SY (e'zy), a. Free from anxiety, care, &c. ;
causing no pain or labour ; not difficult or press-
ing ; not unwilling ; not stiff or formal Si'N.
Quiet ; tranquil ; secure ; calm ; complying.
EAT (eet), v. t. [pret. ATE; pp. EAT, EATKN.] To
devour; to corrode; to consume; to feast; v. i.
to take food.
EAT'A-BLE (e'ta-bl), a. That is fit to be eaten;
esculent.
EATA-BLE (e'ta-bl), n. Any thing that may be
eaten.
EAT'ER (e'terj, n, One that eats ; a corrosive.
EAT'ING, n. The act of chewing and swallowing.
EAU' DE O-LOGNE' (ode ko-lone'), n. A liquid
perfume originally prepared at Cologne.
EAVES (eevz), n. pi. The edges of a roof.
EAVES'-DROP. v. i. To listen under the eaves or
secretly.
EAVES'-DROP-PER. n. A listener under a window ;
one who secretly listens.
EBB, v. i. To flow back; to decline ; to decay.
EBB, n. A flowing back ; recess of the tide ; de-
cline.
EBBTNG, a. Retiring, as the tide; declining; n.
the recess or reflux of the tide.
EBB'-TIDE, n. The reflux of a tide.
E'BI-O-NITES, n. pi. Judaizing Christians in the
first ages of the Church who rejected portions of
the New Testament, and were considered as
heretics.
EB'ON, a. Made of or like ebony.
EB'ON-Y, 7i. A species of hard, heavy, du? jlle
black wood.
E-BRI'E-TY, \n. Drunkenness; intoxication;
E-BRI-OS'I-TY, j habitual intemperance.
E-BtJLL'IEN-CY, n. A boiling over.
E-BtJLL'IENT (-bul'yent), a Boiling; boiling
over.
EB-UL-Ll'TION (-Ush'un), n. Act of boiling; a
bubbling.
E-BDR/NE-AN", a. Made of or relating to ivory.
E-G-BATTG, o. In grammar, noting a simple re-
sult, opposed to telic, which denotes intention or
purpose.
E--eA-LE-0'BI-ON', n. A contrivance for hatch-
ing eggs by artificial heat.
EC-CE HO'ATO [L.] Behold the man; a painting
showing Christ given up by Pilate.
E-CENTRI-e, \a. Deviating from the centre ;
E-CEN'TRI-AL, 5 irregular.
E-CENTRI, \n. A wheel or disc
E-CENTRI-e-WHEEL, ) with its axis out of
the centre for obtaining alternate motion from a
circular one, or vice versa.
E-CEN-TRlC'I-TY (-tris'e-ty,), n. Deviation from
the centre
E-e--eL'SI-ARCH, n. A ruler of the church.
E!-LE-SI-ASTE3 (-teez), n. A preacher; a ca-
nonical book of the Old Testament.
E-LE-SI-AS'Tre, ") a. Pertaining to the
E!--eLE-SI-AS'TI-AL, j church.
E!-LE-SI-AS'TM!, iu One in orders ; a, minister
of the Gospel.
E-eLE-SI-O-Lt>G'I-AL, a. Pertaining to eccle-
siology.
E-LE-SI-OL'O-GY, n. The science of church
building and decoration.
ECH'E-LON (sh'e-lon), [IV.] The position or
movements of an army, in form like the steps of
stairs.
H'I-NATE (gk'e-nate), a. Set with prickles like
a hedge-hog ; bristled.
H'I-NITE, n. A fossil sea-urchin.
E-CIII'KUS (e-ki'nus), n. [L.] A hedge-hog ; a sea-
urchin.
--eas K; G as j; s as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
ECH'O (6k'o), n. A sound reflected or reverberated,
EJH'O (Sk'o), v. t. To send back sound; to rever-
berate ; v. i. to resouad ; to be sounded back.
EH'O-LESS, o. Destitute of an echo.
E-GLAIR'CISE, v. t. To clear up or explain.
E-CLAIR'CISSE-XENT (ek-klar'sis-maau-), n. [IV.]
A full explanation.
E-CLAT (-kla'), n. Splendour; renown; applause.
E-LE-e'TI-e, a. Selecting ; choosing.
E-LE'TI-CISM, n. The practice of selecting
from different systems ; doctrine of the eclectics.
E-LETI'S, n. pi. Philosophers who formed
their system by taking parts from the systems of
others.
E-CLIP-S A'RE-ON, n. An instrument for illustrat-
ing the phenomena of eclipses.
E-L1PSE', 71. The obscuration of one heavenly
body by the interposition of another.
E-LlPSE', v. t. To hide a luminous body in
whole or in part ; to darken ; to obscure.
E-LIP'TI', 71. A great circle ; the apparent path
of the sun ; o. pertaining to or described by the
ecliptic; darkened.
E'LOGUE (ek'log), n. A pastoral poem.
E-O-NOM'I, \<L Saving; fru-al; pertain-
E-O-NOM'I-AL, $ ing to the science which
teaches the management of the general interests
of a country.
E--eO-NOM'ie-AL-LY, ad. Frugally ; with saving.
E--eO-Nt>M'IS, 7i. pi. The science which teaches
how to manage to the best advantage the general
interests of a country.
E--eON'O-MIST, 7i. One frugal in expenses.
E-GON'O-MlZE, v. t. To use with prudence or fru-
gality ; v. i. to be frugal in expenditure.
E-ON'O-MY, n. Internal arrangement ; system ;
disposal; the careful and judicious management
of money concerns. SYN. Frugality ; parsimony.
Economy avoids all waste and extravagance,
and applies money to the best advantage; fru-
gality cuts off all indulgences, and proceeds on a
system of rigid and habitual saving; parsimony is
frugality carried to an extreme, involving mean-
ness of spirit and a sordid mode of living. Econo-
my is a virtue, and parsimony a vice. Frugality
may lean to the one or the other, according to
the motives from which it springs.
'STA-SLED (Sk'sta-sid), a. Enraptured; trans-
ported.
^"STA-SY, n. Literally, a being out of one's self;
hence, rapture ; overpowering emotion.
E-STATT, a. Very delightful ; ravishing.
E-0-MN'I-AL, a. General ; universal.
E-DA'CIOUS (-da'shus), a. Given to eating;
greedy; voracious. [ravenousness.
E-DAC'I-TY (-das'e-ty), n. Greediness; voracity;
ED'DA, n, A book containing a system of Runic or
Scandinavian mythology.
ED'DY, n. A current of water running back; a
whirlpool; a circular motion of water. [pool.
ED'DY, v. i. To move circuitously, as in a whirl-
E-DEM'A-TOUS.^a. Swelling with a serous hu-
E-DEM'A-TOSE, j mour.
E'DEN, 7i. The country and garden in which God
placed Adam and Eve.
E-DN'TATE, ") a. Destitute or deprived of in-
E-DEN'TA-TED, 3 cisive teeth.
EDGE (6j), 7i. The extreme border of a thing; the
brink ; thin cutting part of an instrument ; a nar-
row rising part ; sharpness of mind or appetite.
SYN. Rim ; verge ; skirt ; margin ; keenness.
EDGE (6j), v. t. To border; to sharpen ; to furnish
with an edge ; to incite; v. i. to move sideways;
to move gradually.
EDfiE'LESS, a. Void of edge ; blunt.
KDGE'-TOOL, n. A cutting instrument.
EDGE'WISE, ad. In the direction of the edge.
EDG'ING, n. A kind of narrow lace ; a border ; a
trimming.
ED'I-BLE, a. Eatable ; esculent ; good for food.
E'DI-GT, 7i. An ordinance proclaimed by a sove-
reignpower. SY.V. Decree; injunction; regulation.
EDI
140
EGG
1, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
ED-I-FI-3ATION, n. A building up in faith; in-
struction.
ED'I-FlCE, n. A building ; appropriately, a large
structure SIN. Domicile; house; habitation;
dwelling.
ED'I-FIJ-JD (-fide), pp. or a. Biult up; instructed.
ED'I-FI-ER, n. One who edifies by instruction.
ED'I-F ?, v. t. To build up or instruct.
ED'I-FY-ING, a. Adapted to instruct ; improving.
E'DlLE, n. A Roman magistrate who had care of
public buildings, highways, &c.
E'DILE-SHIP, n. The office of an edile.
ED'IT, v. t. To superintend publication; to pub-
lish.
E-Dl"TION (e-dteh'un), n. The publication of a
book ; republication ; also, the whole impression
of a book published at once.
ED'I-TOR, n. One who publishes, superintends,
or prepares a book, magazine, or a newspaper, &c.,
for publication.
ED-I-TO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to an editor ; n. an
article in a public journal written by the editor or
appearing as his.
ED'I-TOR-SHIP, n. The business of an editor.
ED'0-ATE, v. t. Literally, to draw forth ; to cul-
tivate and discipline the various powers of the
mind. STN. To instruct ; train ; teach ; bring up.
ED'0-A-TED, pp. or a. Brought up ; instructed ;
trained.
ED-0-ATION (ed-yu-ka'shun), n. The drawing
forth and cultivation of the human faculties, es-
pecially among the young. SYN. Instruction;
teaching ; breeding. Education includes the
whole course of training, moral, intellectual, and
physical. Instruction and teaching apply to the
communication of knowledge, the latter term
being the more familiar of the two. Breeding re-
lates to the manners and outward conduct.
ED-U-GA'TION-AL (ed-yu-), a. Pertaining to edu-
cation.
ED'0-A-TOR, n. One who educates ; an instruc-
tor.
E-D0CE' (28), v. t. To draw out, as if from con-
cealment. SYN. Draw forth ; elicit ; bring forth ;
extract.
E-D0'TION, n. Act or process of drawing out.
E-D0T'OR, n. That which brings out.
E-D0L'O-RATE, v. t. To purify and sweeten ; to
render more mild by freeing from acids and
salts, &c.
EEL, n. A genus of soft-flnned fish.
EEL'-OIL, n. Oil procured from eels by roasting,
used for stiff joints and preventing rust.
EEL'-POT, n. A kind of basket for catching eels.
E'EN, ad. Contracted from even.
E'ER (12) (are), ad. A contraction of ever.
EF'FA-BLE, a. That may be uttered ; expressible.
EF-FACE', v. t. Literally, to rub out, so as to ren-
der invisible; to destroy an impression on the
mind. SYN. To erase ; expunge; cancel; destroy.
EF-FACETMENT, n. The act of effacing ; erasure.
EF-FET', n. That which is produced by some
agent or cause ; result ; general intent or mean-
ing ; reality ; to do a thing for effect is to do it
for show or to heighten the impression ; pi. goods ;
personal estate. See CONSEQUENCE.
EF-FE-6T', v. t. To bring to pass ; to cause ; to ac-
complish.
EF-FET'I-BLE, a. That may be effected.
EF-FEO'TION (-fek'shun), n. Creation or pro-
duction.
EF-FETlVE, o. Suited to produce an effect ;
adapted to impress, as a speech ; ready for action,
as troops. SYN. Efficient ; efficacious ; operative ;
forcible ; active ; powerful ; energetic.
EF-FfiTtVE-LY, ad. With effect ; powerfully.
EF-FET'IVE-NESS, n. An efficient quality.
EF-FET'OR, n. One who produces or causes; an
agent ; a maker.
EF-FfiTS', n. pi. Goods ; moveables.
EF-FET'0-AL (ef-fekt'yn-al), a. That produces
the effect ; efficacious ; able.
FALL, WHAT J TH^RE, TiRSI ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
EF-FET'0-AL-LY, ad. With effect ; efficaciously.
EF-FECT'0-ATE (-fgkt'yu-ate), v. t. To bring to
pass ; to achieve ; to fulfil.
EF-FEM'I-NA-CY, n. Excessive softness ; weak-
ness ; indulgence in unmanly pleasures.
EF-FM'I-NATE, a. Womanish ; tender ; weak.
EF-FEM'I-NATE, v. t. To unman; to make wo-
manish; to weaken.
EF-FEM'I-NATE-LY, ad. Weakly; softly; by
means of a woman.
EF-FEM I-NATE-NESS, n. Unmanlike softness.
EF-FENDI (ef-fSn'dy), n. In Turkish, a master,
applied to various officers of rank.
EF-FER-VESCE' (ef-fer-vSss 7 ), v. i. To boil gently ;
to bubble and throw out an elastic gas or fluid.
EF-FER-VES CENCE (ef-fer-vSs'sence), n. Natu-
ral ebullition or gentle bubbling ; throwing off
gas, &c.
EF-FER-VES'CENT, a. Gently boiling or bub-
bling.
EF-FER-VES'CI-BLE, a. Capable of effervescence.
EF-FETE', a. Barren ; not capable of producing ;
worn out.
EF-FI-A'CIOUS (-ka'shus), a. Producing the
effect ; having power adequate to the purpose.
EF-FI-GA'CIOUri-LY, ad. So as to produce the
desired consequences.
EF'FI-A-CY, n. Power to produce effects;
strength.
EF-Fi"CIENCE (ef-flsh'ence), ) n. Power or act
EF-FI"CIEN-CY (ef-fish'en-syj,) of producing ef-
fects : effectual agency.
EF-Fl"CIENT (-ftsh'ent), a. That causes any
thing to be what it is ; n. the agent that causes or
produces.
EF-FI"CIENT-LY, ad. With effect ; powerfully.
EF'FI-GY, n. An image ; a portrait or figure in
sculpture ; on coin, the head of the sovereign who
struck the coin. To burn or hang in effigy is to do
thus to an image or picture of some person in con-
tempt.
EF-FLO-RESCE' (ef-flo-rSss'), v. t. To form a mealy
powder on the surface ; to shoot out minute spic-
ular crystals.
EF-FLO-RES'CENCE, n. Time of flowering ; for-
mation of crystals on the surface of certain mine-
rals ; minute eruptions or redness of skin.
EF-FLO-RES'CENT, a. Shooting into white threads
or forming white dust on the surface.
EF'FLU-ENCE, n. A flowing out; that which is-
sues.
EF'FLU-ENT, a. Flowing from ; issuing out.
EF-FLtJ'VI-UM, n.; pi. EF-FLU'VI-A. An exhala-
tion from material bodies of minute and invisible
particles, causing odours, smells, &c.
EF'FLUX. n. A flowing out; effusion.
EF-FLtTX'ION (-fluk'shun), n. Emanation; efflu-
vium.
EF'FORT, n. Exertion of strength; endeavour,
which see.
EF'FORT-LESS, a. Without trying.
EF-FRONT'ER-Y (-frunt'-), n. Excessive assur-
ance; impudence; bold immodesty.
EF-F0I/GENCE, n. A flood of light ; splendour.
EF-FOL'(>ENT, a. Shining with a flood of lisrht.
EF-F0SE' (ef-fuze'), v. t. To pour out ; to spill.
EF-FO'SION (-fu'zhun), n. A pouring out ; act of
shedding or spilling ; that which is poured out ;
waste. In pathology, extravasation of fluid into a
visceral cavity, &c.
EF-FO'SlVE, a. Pouring out ; spreading ; disper-
sive.
EFT, n. A newt ; a small lizard.
E.G. [L. exempli, gratia.'} For example; for in-
stance.
EGG, n. The body formed in females which con-
tains the embryo of a bird or other animal of the
same species.
EGG, v. t. See EDGE.
GG'-!0P, n. A cup for holding an egg at table.
EGG'-PLANT, n. A vegetable used in cookery,
having an egg-like form.
EGL
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK ;
EG'LAN-TINE (-tine or -tm), n.
the sweet-brier.
141
gLL ; vfcious. -e as K
A species of rose ;
ELE
6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
(-gresh'un), n. The act of issuing
E'GO-ISM, n. A passionate love of self; doubt of
all existence but that of one's self.
E'GO-IST, n. A follower of Descartes, who was
uncertain of every thing except his own existence
and of his own mind, &c.
E'GO-TISM, . Literally, too frequent a use of the
word ego, I hence, the magnifying of one's self
or of one's own importance. SYN. Self-conceit ;
vanity. Self-conceit is an overweening opinion of
one's self ; egotism is the expression of self-con-
ceit in words or actions; vanity is inflation of
mind arising from the idea of being thought highly
of by others. A man may be rain or self-conceited
and yet have sense enough to avoid egotism.
E'GO-TIST, n. One who speaks much of himself.
E-GO-TlSTT, ) a. Often speaking of himself;
E-GO-TlSTie-ALJ conceited ; full of self.
E-GEE'GlOTJS (-gre'jus), o. Standing out with re-
markable prominence [chiefly in a bad sense].
E-GR'GIOUS-LY, ad. Greatly ; enormously.
E'GEESS, n. The act of going out ; liberty to quit
any confined place.
E-GEES'SION (-grgi
forth.
E'GEET, 71. The less white heron ; the feathery or
hairy crown of seeds.
E-GBETTE', n. A tuft of feathers, &c. ; an orna-
ment of ribbons.
E-GtP'TIAN, a. Pertaining to Egypt ; n. a native
of Egypt ; a gipsy.
EH (a), ex. Denoting surprise or desire to hear
again.
EI'DEE (i'der), ") n. A species of sea-duck found in
EI'DER-DttCK, j the Shetland Isles, Orkneys, &c.
EI'DER-DOWN, n. Very fine soft down fron? the
eider-duck, much prized.
EIGH (a), ex. Expressive of pleasure.
EIGHT (ate), a. The next number above sevb;
one added to seven ; twice four.
EIGHTEEN (a/teen), a. Eight and ten united.
EIGHT-EEN'MO, . A book having eighteen leaves
to the sheet, and hence the name ; octo-decimo.
EIGHTEENTH (a'teenth), o. The next number
ordinal after the seventeenth ; eight and ten.
ElGHT'FOLD (ate'fold), a. Taken eight times.
EIGHTH (atth), a. Noting the number eight ; the
ordinal of eight.
EIGHTH, 71. In music, an interval of five tones
and two semitones.
E-LAB'O-EATE, a. Wrought out with great la-
bour ; highly finished.
E-LAB'0-EATE-LY, ad.
With labour and care.
k. working out ; improve-
E I GHTH'LY (attlily) , ad. In the eighth place.
EIGHTI-ETH (a'ti-eth), a. Next in order to sev-
enty-ninth ; noting the number eighty.
EIGHT'SOEE (ate'-), o. Twenty taken eight
times ; 160 ; the same used as a noun.
EIGHTY (a'ty), o. Eight times ten united ; four-
score.
EI'THER (e'ther or I'ther), conj., as, either he will
go or stay.
EI'THEE (e'ther or I'ther), a. or pron. One or
another of any number ; one of two ; each.
E-JAO'0-LATE, v. t. To throw out; to dart; to
utter.
E-JAS-tf-LATION* n.
prayer.
E-JAO'tf-LA-TO-EY, a.
sentences.
E-JET, v. t. Literally, to cast out from some in-
terior place, as the mouth, &c. ; to cast out or ex-
pel, as from an office, building, &c. SYN. To throw
off; thurst out ; dispossess ; turn out.
E-J'TION, n. A casting out ; expulsion.
E-JE-GT'MENT, n. Dispossession; in law, a writ
to deprive of possession.
E-jT'OE, 7i. One who dispossesses another of
his land.
EKE, v. t. To increase ; to add to ; to lengthen ; to
prolong.
EKE, ad. Also ; besides ; moreover.
E-LAB'O-EATE, v. t. To produce with labour ; to
finish with skill or care.
A sudden throw; a short
Sudden ; uttered in short
E-LAB-0-EA'TION, n.
ment by great labour.
E-LAB'0-EA-TOE, TI. One who gives great care,
labour, and finish to his work.
E-LA'IN, TI. The liquid or oily principle of oils and
fats.
E-LAPSE', v. i. To run out ; to slip or glide away.
as time.
E-LAS'Tre, > a. Springing back; recovering
E-LAS'TI'-AL, r its former state.
E-LAS-TIC'I-TY (-tis'e-ty), TI. The property of
bodies to restore themselves after being bent o.-
pressed out of form or position.
E-LATE', a. Flushed with success ; haughty.
E-LATE', v. t. To make proud.
E-LA'TER, TI. A spiral fibre in cryptogamic plants
E-LA'TION, n. Haughtiness ; arrogance ; pride.
E-LA'TOR, n. He who or that which makes proud .
EL'BOW, TI. The bend of the arm ; an angle.
EL'BOW, v. t. To push with the elbow ; v. t. to
jut into an angle ; to bend.
EL'BOW-CHAIE, n. A chair with arms.
EL'BOW-EOOM, n. Eoom to move the elbows.
ELD, n. Old age ; old people. [Obsolete.]
ELD'EE, TV. A tree of several species.
ELD'EE, a. Having lived longer ; having more
years ; the comparative degree of eld, now writtec
old.
ELD'EE, n. One who is older than another. A
person who, for his age, experience, and wisdom,
is selected for office. In the Presbyterian chur-
ches, the minister and elders compose the Kirk-
session, or lowest Church court.
ELLVEE-LY, a. Somewhat old; advanced in years.
ELD'EE-SHIP, 71. Seniority ; order of elders.
ELD'EST, a. superl. Oldest ; most aged.
EL DO-RA'DO, n. [Sp.] A fabulous region in the
interior of South America, supposed to be im-
mensely rich in gold, gems, &c.
E-LE-AT I, a. Applied to certain philosophers,
followers of Xenophanes of Elea, who sought to
confine the thoughts to ideas of God, &c.
EL-E-AM-PANE', TI. A plant ; a sweetmeat.
E-LET, v. t. To decide in favour of; to choose
for office. SYN. To select ; prefer ; choose, which
see.
E-LET, a. Chosen; selected; n. one chosen or
set apart.
E-LETED, pp. Chosen ; taken by choice.
E-LETI-CISM, TI. The system of selecting doc-
trines and opinions from other systems. See
ECLECTICISM.
E-LE'TION, TI. The act or power of choosing;
the choice of officers ; the day on which the pub-
lic choice of officers is made ; preference ; in the-
ology, divine choice ; predestination.
E-LE^-TION-EER', v. t. To make interest for
office for one's self or another; to use arts to se-
cure election.
E-LE-TION-EEE1NG, a. Aiming to promote 01
secure an election ; n. use of efforts or arts to se-
cure an election to office. [lection.
E-LTlVE, a. Depending on choice ; using se-
E-LECT'lVE AF-FlN'ITY, 71. A tendency in
bodies to unite with certain kinds of matter rath-
er than others.
E-LT'1VE-LY, ad. By choice or preference.
E-LTOE, n. One who has the right of voting at
elections ; in Germany, one who had the right oi
voting in the election of emperor.
E-LE-6TOE-AL, a. Belonging to an elector.
E-LE-CTOE-ATE, n. The dignity or the territory
of an elector in Germany.
E-LTRESS, n. The wife or widow of an electoi
in Germany,
E-L-6'TEI, n. A substance that exhibits elec-
tricity by friction ; a non-conductor.
E-LE'TEI, ") a. Pertaining to electricity or
E-LE'TIiI-AL, j capable of exhibiting it.
ELE
I, , &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, L.LST
E-LE-TEl"CIAN (-trfsh'un), n. One versed
the science of electricity.
E-LEG-TElC'I-TY, n. A subtile agent usuall
excited by the friction of glass, but originally o
amber (electron in Greek), whence its name. ]
produces shocks of the body, mechanical violence
heat, light, attraction, repulsion, and polarity.
E-LE^I'TRI-FI-A-BLE, a. Capable of receivin
electricity.
E-LE!'TRI-F1ED (-fide), a. Charged with elec
tricity.
E-LE-GTKI-F?, v. t. To charge with electricity o
to cause it to pass through ; to astonish.
E-LE'TRI-Fr-mG, a. Conveying electricil y
exciting in a high degree, as sudden news.
E-LE-TRI-ZA'TION, n. Act of electrizing.
E-LE'TRIZE, v. t. To electrify.
E-LE-e'TRO-!HEM'IS-TRY, n. That science which
treats of the agency of electricity and galvanism
in effecting chemical changes.
E-L&e'TRO-MAG-NET'K!, a. Pertaining to elec
tro-magnetism ; applied to a telegraph, which, by
means of a wire conducting electricity, conveys
intelligence to any given distance with the speec
of lightning.
E-LE-e'TEO-MiG^NET-ISM, n. The agency o
electricity and galvanism in communicating mag
netic properties.
E-LE-TROM'E-TEE, n. An apparatus for in
dicating the presence, or determining the power
of electricity ; electroscope.
E-LE'TRO-TYPE, v. t. To plate; to cover with
metal deposited from its solution by an electro-
chemical process.
E-LE<3'TRO-TYPE, n. A fac-simile taken in metal
deposited by an electro-chemical process.
E-LEJ'TRO-TYP-ING, n. The process of plating
with metal deposited by an electro-chemicaJ
142
ELO
E-LEC'TRUM, n. [L.] Amber; also an alloy of
gold and silver.
E-LE-GT'0-A-EY, n. A medicine composed of
powders, conserves, &c.
EL-EE-M6$ / Y-]SrA-RY, a. Given in charity; per-
taining to charity ; n. one living on charity.
EL'E-GANCE, n. Literally, selectness; a species
of beauty, whether in form, manner, expression,
&c., of a peculiarly select kind, and opposed to
every thing coarse and vulgar; fine polish of
deportment, style, &c. SYN. Grace. Elegance im-
plies something which is produced by training
and art, as elegance of manners, composition,
handwriting, &c. ; elegant furniture, an elegant
house, an elegant mansion, &c. Grace is a lower
order of beauty. It may be a natural gift ; the
manner of a peasant-girl may be graceful, but
would hardly be called elegant. Grace is opposed to
awkwardness.
EL'E-GANT, a. Characterized by elegance. SYN.
Polished; refined; symmetrical.
l/E-GANT-LY, ad. With elegance or beauty.
EL-E-Gl'AO or E-LE'Gl- A, a. Belonging to elegy ;
plaintive ; used in elegies.
EL-E-GPA-6-AL, a. Belonging to an elegy.
E-LE'GIT, 7i. [L.] In law, a writ by which a
debtor's goods are taken and appraised.
EL'E-GY, n. A funeral poem ; a plaintive song.
EI/E-MENT, n. The first or minutest constituent
part of a thing ; an ingredient. In the plural, the
first rules or principles of an art or science. Po-
pularly but erroneously, earth, air, fire, and water.
EL-E-MfiNT'AL, a. Pertaining to elements.
EL-E-MENT'A-EY, a. Relating to elements ; pri-
mary ; rudimental ; uncompounded ; simple.
EI/E-PHANT, 7i. The largest of quadrupeds.
EL-E-PHAN-TFA-SIS, n. A disease of the legs
and feet, causing swelling to a great size, with
roughness of scales on the skin ; black leprosy.
EL-E-PHANT'lNE, a. Pertaining to the elephant;
EL-EU-SlNI-AN, a. Relating to the mysteries of
Ceres at EleusiB, in Greece.
FALL, WHAT; THiRE, TiRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVB,
EL'E-VATE, v. t. To raise from a low point to a
higher ; to raise morally, or refine and exalt ; to
make louder or higher, as the voice. SYN. To
exalt ; lift up ; elate ; cheer ; flush ; excite.
EL-E-VA'TION, n. Act of raising ; exaltation ;
height; a high place or station; in architecture,
a view or perspective of an edifice ; front view of
a building drawn witnout regard to perspective.
EL'E-VA-TOR, n. One that raises, lifts, or exalts ;
in anatom?;, a muscle that raises the part to which
it is attached ; a surgical instrument for raising
depressed portions of the skull; an instrument
for raising grain to upper floors.
E-LEV'EN, a. Ten with one added.
E-LEV'JENTH, a. The next ordinal number to
tenth.
ELF, .n. ; pi. ELVES. An imaginary wandering
spirit ; a fairy.
ELF, y. t. To entangle intricately.
ELF'-AR-ROW, > n. Name of flint arrow-heads,
ELF'-SHOT, ) vulgarly supposed to be shot by
fairies.
ELF'IN, ) a. Pertaining to elves : resembling
ELF'ISH, / elves or fairies.
ELF'LOCK, 7i. A knot of hair supposed to be
twisted by elves.
EL'GIN MAR'BLES, n. A collection of ancient
reliefs, statues, &c., in the British Museum,
brought by Lord Elgin from the Parthenon of
Athens.
E-LIC'IT (e-lis'it), v. t. To draw forth ; to bring to
light ; to deduce.
E-LIDE', v. t. To cut off a syllable.
EL-I-GI-B1L'I-TY, 7 n. Capacity of being elected
^L'1-GI-BLE-NESS, $ to office; fitness or worthi-
_ ness.
EL'I-Gl-BLE, a. Capable of being elected ; desir-
able; proper, [choice.
LL'I-GI-BLY, ad. Suitably ; so as to be worthy of
E-LIM'I-NATE, v. t. To draw out ; to set at liberty.
E-LIM-I-NATION , n. The act of expelling or
causing to disappear.
E-LIS'ION (-lizh'un), n. Cutting off a vowel at the
end of a word when the next word begins with a
vowel.
E-L1TE' (a-lete'), n. [Fr] A select body of per-
sons ; the flower of an army.
S-LIX'IR, n. A compound tincture ; refined spirit.
E-LIZ-A-BETH'AN, a. Pertaining to Queen Eliza-
beth or her times.
LK, n. A large species of quadruped with pal-
mated horns.
LL, n. A measure of length. The English ell is
a yard and a quarter ; the Scottish, 37.2 inches.
1L-LIPSE', n. An oval figure.
IL-LlP'SIS, n. In grammar, an omission of one or
more words.
EL-LIP'SOID, n. A solid elliptical body.
SL-LlP'TrC, ") a. Like an ellipse; oval: hav-
EL-LlP'TI!-AL, j ing a part omitted.
ELM, n. A large, gracefully-spreading tree.
EL-O- C'TION, n. Utterance ; delivery of words ;
manner of delivery. In ancient treatises on ora-
tory, the choice and order of words.
!L-O-0'TION-A-RY, a. Belonging to or contain-
ing elocution.
L-O-UTION-IST, n. One versed in elocution,
or who treats of the subject. [dead.
-LOGE' (a-lozhe', 71. [Fr.] A panegyric on the
-LONG'GATE (-I5ngate), v. t. To lengthen; to
remove farther ; v. i. to depart from ; to recede.
-LON-GA'TION (-long-ga'shun),n. Alengthening;
distance ; departure ; in astronomy, recession of a
planet from the sun as seen from our earth ; in
surgery, lengthening of a limb from disease or in-
jury, or in reducing a fractured bone, &c.
-LOPE', v. i. To run away secretly, or quit with-
out permission, particularly with a gallant.
-LOPE'MENT, n. A secret, unallowed departure.
L'O-QUENCE, n. Oratory ; the expression of
strong emotion so as to excite like emotions in
the minds of others ; forcible language.
ELO
143
EMB
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; RULE, BrLL ; Vl"dOtJS.
EL'0-QUENT, a. Speaking with eloquence ; hav-
ing power to express strong emotion vividly and
appi opriately ; marked by vigour, fluency, and
animation.
EL'O-QUENT-LY, ad. With eloquence ; so as to
affect and persuade.
ELSE, a. or pron. Other ; one or something be-
side ; ad. otherwise ; in the other case.
ELSE'WHERE (-hware), ad. In some other place.
E-LC'CI-DATE, v. t. To explain ; to make clear.
E-LU-CI-DA'TIOX, n. The art of throwing light
on an obscure subject ; exposition ; illustration.
E-LO'CI-DA-TIVE, a. Making clear.
E-LU'CI-DA-TOR, n. One who explains.
E-LC'CI-DA-TO-RY, a. Tending to throw light on
or explain.
E-LUDE' (28), v. t. To escape or avoid by artifice
SYN. To avoid; evade; escape; shun; flee;
mock.
E-LCD'I-BLE, a. That may be eluded.
E-LU'SION (8-lu'zhun), n. Escape by arts, &c. ;
evasion.
E-LU'SIVE, a. Practising elusion ; evasive.
E-LD'SO-RY, a. Tending to elude or deceive ; fal-
lacious.
E-LU'TRI-ATE, v. t. To purify by washing.
ELVES, n. pi. See EL?.
E-LYS'IAN (e-lTzh'e-an), a. Pertaining to Elysium;
delicious ; blissful.
E-LVS'IUM (-lizh'e-um), n. Place of delight in
ancient mythology for happy souls after death.
EI/Y-TRON, n. ; pi. EL'T-TRA. The sheath or wing-
case of those insects commonly called beetles.
EM. The letter m, being a sqiiare type, is taken
by printers as a measure of the amount of matter
in a page.
E-MA'CIATE, v. i. To loose flesh gradually; to
waste away ; to decay ; v. t. To attenuate.
E-MA'CIAT-ED, a. Thin ; wasted.
E-MA-CI-ATION (-ma-she-a'shun), n. The act or
state of making or becoming lean by a gradual
waste of flesh, with debility.
EM'A-NANT, a. Issuing ; flowing from.
EM'A-NATE, v. t. To flow or proceed from.
EM-A-NA'TION, n. Act of flowing from; that
which flows ; product ; effluvium.
EM'A-NA-TIVE, a. Tending to flow from.
E-MAN'CI-PATE, v. t. To set free from slavery;
to set free from restraint of any kind.
E-MAN'CI-PA-TED, a. Freed from bondage; set
at liberty.
E-MAN-CI-PA'TION, n. Setting free from slavery
or subjection. SYN. Liberation; release; free-
dom; deliverance.
E-MAN'CI-PA-TOR, n. One who frees from slavery
or liberates from bondage or restraint.
E-MAS'U-LATE, v. t. To castrate; to deprive of
manliness ; to weaken.
E-MAS'U-LA-TED, o. Unmanned; deprived of
vigour ; weak.
E-MAS-U-LA'TION, n. Castration j unmanly
weakness; effeminacy.
EM-BALE', v. t. To pack; to make into pack-
ages.
EM-BALM' (em -bam'), v. t. To fill with aromatics,
as a dead body for preservation ; to preserve with
care and affection from loss or decay.
EM-BALM'ER, n. One who embalms.
EM-BANK', v. t. To enclose with a bank; t<
by banks, &c.
EM-BANK/MENT, n. The act of enclosing or ue-
fending with a bank ; a mound thrown up.
EM-BAR'GO, n. Prohibition of vessels from sail-
ing 1 .
EM-BAR'GO, v. t. To stop or hinder ships from
sailing into or out of port ; prohibition.
EM-BARK', v. i. To go on board a ship, boat, or
vessel ; to engage or take a share in any business ;
v. t. to cause to enter.on board a ship ; to engage
in any affair.
EM-BAR-KA'TION, . A going or putting on
board.
-e as K ; G as J ; sas z; CH as SH ; THIS.
EM-BAR'RASS, v. t. Literally, to bar up ; hence,
to disconcert by some sudden check or unpleas-
ant occurrence ; to strike with painful co:.
of mind. SYN. To puzzle ; perplex. We axe
puzzled when our faculties are confused by some-
thing we do not understand ; we are {n
when our feelings as well as judgment are so af-
fected that we know not how to decide or act ; we
are embarrassed when there is some bar or hinder-
ance upon us which impedes our powers of
thought, speech, or motion. A school-boy is
puzzled by a difficult sum ; a reasoner is perplexed
by the subtleties of his opponent; a youth is
sometimes so embarrassed by the presence of
strangers as to lose his presence of mind.
EM-BAR'RASS-ING, a. Perplexing; confounding;
tending to perplex or abash.
EM-BAR'RASS-MENT, n. Perplexity; distress;
state of confusedness.
EM-B AS'SA-DOR, n. A public minister of the first
rank, employed by one prince or state at the
court of another to manage the public concerns of
his own prince or state, and representing the
power and dignity of his sovereign ; ambassador.
EM-BAS-SA-DO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to an am-
bassador.
EM'BAS-SY, n. A public message or commission
to a foreign nation ; the persons by whom it is
sent or their residence.
EM-BAT'TLE, v. t. To set in order of battle; v. i.
to be ranged in order of battle.
EM-BAY' (em-ba'), v. t. To close in a bay or inlet.
EM-BED', v. t. To lay as in a bed.
EM-BED'DED, a. Deposited; inlaid; sunk in sur-
rounding matter.
EM-BEL'LISH, v. t. To adorn ; to make beautiful
or elegant by ornaments. See ADOK.V.
EM-BEL'LISH-MENT, n. Ornament; decoration.
EM'BER-DAY, ) n. pi. Days and weeks in
EM'BER- WEEKS,( Episcopal churches espe-
cially devoted to iV. J :ing and prayer.
EM'BERS, n. pi. Hot cinders ; ashes with fire.
EM-BEZ'ZLE (-bSz'zl), v. t. To take another's pro-
perty intrusted to one's care ; to waste.
EM-BEZ'ZLE-MENT, n. Unlawful appropriation
of what is intrusted to one's care.
EM-BEZ'ZLER, n. One who embezzles.
EM-BlT'TER. See IMBITTEK.
EM-BLAZE', v. t. To adorn with glittering orna-
ments.
EM-BLA'ZON fem-bla'zn), v. t. To adorn with fig-
ures of heraldry ; to deck in glaring colours ; to
display.
EM-BLA ZON-ER, n. One who emblazons or
adorns.
EM-BLA'ZON-RY, n. Display of figures on shields.
EM'BLEM, n. A picture imaging forth a truth or
lesson by some figure or scene ; painted enigma ;
a type or figure.
EM-BLEM-AT'I, "> o. Consisting in an em-
EM-BLEM-AT'I-AL, $ blem ; representing by a
figure ; using emblems.
EM-BLEM-AT'I-AL-LY, ad. By means of em-
blems.
EM-BLEM'A-TIST, n. A writer or deviser of em-
blems.
EM'BLE-MENTS, n. pi. The products or fruits of
land sown, &c.
EM'BLEM-IZE, ") v. t. To represent by em
EM-BLEM'A-TIZE, j blems.
EM-BLOOM', v. t. To cover or enrich with bloom.
EM-BOD'IED (-bod'id), pp. or a. Collected or
formed into a body; invested with a body.
EM-BOD'Y, v. t. To form into a body or collection.
EM-BOD'Y, v. i. To unite in a body or collection.
EM-BOLD'EN (-bol'dn;, v. t. To give boldness to ;
to make daring.
EM'BO-LUS, n. [L.] Something inserted or
in another ; a piston or driver.
EH-BON-POI5T (iing-bong-pwa'), n. [Fr.]
ness of body or person.
EM-BOR'DER, v. t. To adorn with a border.
EMB
144
EMP
, n. Discharge of urine ; urine.
EM'I-GRANT, o. Removing or haying removed
from one country to another for residence.
EM'I-GRANT, n. One who quits his residence in
one country to settle in another.
EM'I-GRATE, v. i. To leave one country or state
to reside in another.
EM-I-GRA'TION, n. The removal of inhabitants
from one state or country to another.
fiM'I-NENCE, \n. A rising ground ; distinction ;
EM'I-NEN-CY, j notice ; title of honour.
EM'I-NENT, a. Literally, rising aloft ; hence, ex-
altation in rank; high in public estimation.
SYN. Distinguished ; conspicuous; celebrated.
See DISTINGUISHED.
EM'I-NENT-LY, ad. Conspicuously; in a high
i, *, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAK, LAST, TALI, WHAT; THftRE, TRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
EM-BO'SOM, v. t. See IMBOSOM.
EM- BOSS', v. t. To adorn with raised work; to
form, bosses or protuberances ; to iashion in re-
lief.
EM-BOSSED' (-bust'), a. Covered with raised
figures ; in botany, projecting like a boss.
"EM-BOSS'MENT, n. Raised work ; a protuber-
ance.
flM-BOT'TLE, v. t. To put into or confine in
bottles.
EM-BOU-CEURE' (ang-boo-shur'), n. [Fr.] The
mouth of a river, cannon, &c. ; the mouth of a
wind instrument of music.
EM-BOWEL, v. t, To take out the bowels ; evis-
cerate.
EM-BOWER, v. i. To lodge in a bower ; v. t. to
cover or surround with a bower ; to shelter with
trees.
EM-BRACE', v. t. To take in the arms; to en-
circle ; to seize eagerly ; to adopt. SYN. To clasp ;
hug ; enclose ; comprehend ; include ; comprise ;
contain ; encompass.
EM-BRACE', n. Enclosure or clasp with the arms.
EM-BRACE'MENT, n. Act of embracing; a clasp.
EM-BRA'CER, n. One who embraces.
EM-BRA'CER-Y, n. Attempt to corrupt a jury.
EM-BRA'SURE (em-bra'zhur), n. An opening in
a wall for cannon ; a widening of the aperture of
a door or window on the inside.
EM'BRO-ATE, v. t. To moisten and rub a dis-
eased part with a liquid, as oil, spirits, &c.
EM-BRO-A'TION, n. A moistening and rubbing
with cloth or sponge, &c. ; the liquid applied.
EM-BROID'ER, v. t. To border or adorn with or-
namental needle-work or figures.
EM-BROID'ER-ER, n. One who ornaments with,
or works in gold, silver, or silk thread.
EM-BROID'ER-Y, n. Variegated needle-work.
EM-BROIL', v. t. To intermix confusedly ; to in-
volve in trouble by connection with something
else. SYN. To entangle; perplex; disturb; dis-
tract.
EM-BROH/MENT, n. A state of contention, per-
plexity, or confusion.
EM-BRUE'. See IMBRUE.
EM'BRY-O, ") n. The rudiments of an animal or
EM'BRY-ON, j plant not distinctly formed; a.
pertaining to or noting any thing in its first rudi-
ments.
EM-BRY-OL'O-GY, n. The science which treats of
things in their embryo state.
E-MEND'A-BLE, a. Capable of being amended.
EM-EN-DA'TION, n. Correction of a fault.
EM'EN-DA-TOR, n. One who corrects errors or
improves.
E-MEND'A-TO-RY, a. Contributing to amend.
EM'E-R ALD, 7i. A gem of a bright green colour ;
a kind of printing type between minion and non-
pareil.
E-MERGE' (13), v. i. To issue ; to rise out of a
fluid.
E-MERGENCE, \ n. A rising out of; exigence;
E-MER'GEN-CY, > pressing necessity.
E-MER'GENT, a. Rising out of ; coming in sight ;
unexpected; urgent.
E-MER'I-TUS, n; pi. E-MER'I-TI. One who has
been honourably discharged from ths public ser-
vice.
EM'E-RODIS, n. Hemorrhoids ; piles.
E-MER'SION, n. Act of rising out of a fluid. In
astronomy, reappearance of the moon or a star
after an eclipse, or any thing that has been hid by
the effulgence of the sun.
EM'ER-Y, n. A variety of corundum used in pol-
ishing metals, &c.
E-MET'H3, a. That provokes vomiting; n. medi-
cine that excites vomiting.
E'MEO, n. A large bird like the cassowary.
E-MEUTE' (a-muf), n. [Fr.] A seditious commo-
tion ; a mob.
EM-I-A'TION, n. A flying off in sparks, as heated
iron; a sparkling.
E'MIR, 1 n. A title of dignity among the Turks
E-MEER', ) and Mohammedans.
EM'IS-SA-RY, n. A secret agent; a spy; one sent
on a mission.
E-MlS'SION (-mlsh'un), n. A sending out ; what is
sent out.
E-MIT', v. t. To send out ; to throw out ; to issue
or put into circulation, as notes or bills of credit.
EM'MET, n. A pismire ; an ant.
EM-OL-LES'CENCE, n. That first degree of soft-
ness in a fusible body which alters its shape.
E-MOL'LI-ATE, v. t. To soften; to render effemi-
nate.
E-MOLL'IENT (-mol'yent), a. Softening; making
supple; relaxing solids; n. a warm, alleviating
application, oily or mucilaginous, &c.
EM-OL-Li"TION (-lish'un), n. A softening or re-
laxing.
E-MOL'tT-MENT, n. Profit from an office or em-
ployment. SYN. Gain ; income ; advantage.
E-MOL-tT-MENT'AL, a. Producing profit.
E-MO'TION, n. Literally, a moving of the soul ;
hence, awakened sensibility; excitement of the
mind. SYN. Feeling; agitation. Feeling is the
weaker term, and may be of the body or the
mind; emotion is of the mind alone, being the
excited action of some inward susceptibility or
feeling, as an emotion of pity, terror, &c. Agita-
tion may be bodily or mental, and usually arises
in the latter case from a vehement struggle te-
tween contending desires or emotions.
Pertatatag to emotion.
EM-PALE', v. t. To inclose with pickets or pales ;
to put to death by fixing on a stake.
EM-PALE'MENT, n. A fortifying with stakes ;
the calyx of a flower ; a putting to death by
thrusting an upright stake into the body.
EM-PAN'NEL, n. A list of jurors. See PANEL.
EM-PAN'NEL, v. t. See IMPANEL.
EM-PARK', v. t. To inclose in a park.
EM'PER-OR, n. The sovereign of an empire.
i,M'PHA-SIS, n. ; pi. EM'PHX-Bts. Stress of utter-
ance given to a word or part of a discourse in-
tended to be impressed specially on an audience.
EM'PHA-SIZE, v. t. To pronounce with a particu-
lar force of voice, and so render the meaning more
distinct and impressive.
EM-PHAT'I, )a. Forcible; strong; uttered
EM-PHAT'I-ALJ with emphasis.
EM-PHAT'I-AL-LY, ad. With emphasis or force.
EM-PHY-S'MA, n. A puffy tumour.
EM'PIRE, n. Supreme power in governing ; do-
minions of an emperor; region under control.
SYN. Sway ; dominion ; rule ; sovereignty.
EM'PIR-I or EM-PlR'I, n. A pretended physi-
cian ; a quack ; a charlatan.
EM-PI R'I, ) a. Used and applied without
EM-PI R'I-AL, ) science; as applied to philoso-
phy, that of experiment or facts in opposition to
merely hvpothetic or theoretic.
EM-PiR'I)-AL-LY, ad. Experimentally; as a
quack.
EM-PIR'I-1$M, n. Dependence on experience
without learning or art ; quackery.
EMP
145
ENC
D6VE WOLF, B9<?K ; RULE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS.
EM-PLAS'TER ((3), v. t. To cover with plaster.
EM-PL AS'TLG, a. Viscous ; adhesive ; applied to
remedies which adhere to the surface they are
laid on.
EM-PLOY', v. t. To use; to use as an instrument,
means, or materials ; to engage in one's service ;
to devote to an object ; to keep at work or busy
one's self.
EM-PLOY', n. Business ; occupation ; office ; ser-
vice for another.
EM-PLOY-E' (ang-ploy-a'), n. One who is employed
in the service of another.
EM-PLOY'ER, n. One who employs, uses or keeps
in service.
EM-PLOY'MENT, n. The act of using ; that which
engages the head or hands ; business ; office.
EM-POI'SON (-poi'zn), v. t. To poison; to destroy
by poison ; to render noxious ; to deprive of sweet-
ness.
M-PO-RET'I!, a. Used in market.
EM-PO-RI-UM, n. ; pi. EM-PO'RI-UMS or EM-PO'KI-A.
A place of merchandise ; a mart.
EM-POV'ER-ISH. See IMPOVERISH.
EM-POWER, v. t. To authorize; to give legal
power to ; to enable.
EM'PRESS, n. The wife of an emperor, or a female
with imperial power.
EM-PRISE', n. An undertaking; an enterprise.
EMP'TI-NESS, n. State of containing nothing;
void space ; unsatisfactoriness ; want of intellect.
EMP'TY, a. Void; unfurnished; unsubstantial;
unsatisfactory ; without effect ; hungry ; waste ;
barren.
EMPTY, v. t. To make void; to exhaust; v. i. to
pour out or discharge its contents ; to become
empty.
EMP'TY-INGS. n. $1. Lees of beer, cider, &c.
EM-POR'FLE, v. t. To tinge with a purple colour.
EM-P YR'E-AL, > a. Refined beyond aerial matter ;
EM-PY-RE'AN,J formed of pure air and light;
heavenly ; vital ; n. the highest heaven, where
pure fire was supposed to exist.
EM-PY-REC-MATTG, > a. Having the taste
EM-PY-REC-MAT'ie-ALJ or smell of slightly
burned animal or vegetable substances.
EM'0-LATE, v. t. To vie with ; to strive to equal
or excel.
EM-t)-LA'TION, n. Effort to equal or surpass;
desire of superiority. SYN. Competition ; rival-
ry. Competition is the struggle of two or more
persons for the same object ; emulation is an ar-
dent desire for superiority arising from competi-
tion, but not implying, of necessity, any improper
feeling; rivalry is a personal contest, and almost,
of course, gives rise to envy, resentment, or de-
traction.
EM'0-LA-TlVE, a. Inclined to contend for supe-
riority.
EM'0-LA-TOR, . One who strives to equal or
excel.
E-MGL'GENT, a. Milking or draining out; n. a
remedy which excites the flow of bile.
EM'0-LOUS, a. Rivalling; desirous to excel.
EM'C-LOUS-LY, ad. With desire to excel.
E-MOL'SION (-mul'shun), n. A soft liquid remedy
resembling milk, made by mixing oil and water
by means of a saccharine or mucilaginous sub-
stance.
E-MCL'SJLVE, a. Softening ; mollifying ; milk-like.
EN, a prefix, is usually equivalent to in or on, and
before b, p, or m, is changed to em, as in embolden,
and generally augments the force of the com-
pound.
EN-A'BLE, v. t. To furnish with power, means,
or knowledge ; to authorize.
EN-A'BLE-MENT, n. Act of enabling ; ability.
EN-A-GT', v. t. To make or pass, as a law ; to de-
cree ; to sanction ; to represent in action.
EN-A-GT'iVE, a. Having power to establish as a
law.
EN-AGTTilENT, n. The passing of a bill into a
luw. 10
as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH j *HIS.
EN-A-GT'OR, n. One who passes a law.
E-NAL'LA-GE (e-nal'la-je), n. A figure in grammar
by which one gender, case, mood, &c., of the same
word is changed for another.
EN-AM'EL, n. A substance imperfectly vitrified,
or like glass, with greater fusibility or opacity ;
the smooth, hard cover on the visible part of the
teeth.
EN-AM'EL, v. t. To cover or to paint in enamel ;
to make glossy.
EN-AM'EL, v. i. To use enamel, or practise the
art of laying on enamel.
EN-AM'EL-AR, a. Like enamel ; hard and smooth.
EN-AM'EL-LER, n. One who lays on enamels or
inlays colours.
EN-AM'EL-LING, n. The act or art of laying on
enamel.
EN-AM'OUR, v. t. To inflame with love ; to charm.
EN-GAGE', v. t. To confine in a cage.
EN-AMP', v. t. To pitch tents for lodging ; v. i,
to form into a camp.
EN-GAMP'MENT, n. Act of pitching tents or place
where troops lodge ; a camp.
EN-GASE'. See INCASE.
EN-GAUS'TKJ, a. Literally, burned in ; noting tha
process of infixing coloured designs in a surface by
strong heat, as encaustic tiles.
EN-GAVE', n. To hide in a cave.
EN-GIENTE' (ang-sanf), a. [Fr.] With child.
EN-CIENTE' (ang-gftntO, n. An inclosure,
EN-CE-PHALTG, a. Pertaining to the head.
EN-CHAFE', v. t. To chafe ; to fret ; to irritate.
EN-CHAIN', v. t. To fasten with a chain ; to bind ;
to fix the attention.
EN-CHAIN'MENT, n. The act of enchaining.
EN-CHANT' (6), v. t. To affect with sorcery ; to
delight in the highest degree. SYN. To charm ;
captivate ; fascinate ; ravish ; enrapture.
EN-CHANT'ER, n. One who enchants ; a sorcerer
or magician.
EN-CHANT'ING-LY, ad. In a way to fascinate.
EN-CHANT'MENT, n. Fascination; magic charms ;
irresistible influence ; extreme delight. SYN. In-
cantation ; sorcery : spell : witchery.
EN-CHANT'RESS, n. A sorcei
sorceress ; a charming
woman.
EN-CHASE', v. t. To fix in another body ; to adorn
with e_mbossed work ; to cut in for ornament.
EN-CHASED' (-chaste'), a. Ornamented with
figures, scroll-work, &c., in low relief, carved not
cast.
EN-CHl$'EL (-cMz'el), v. t, To cut with a chisel.
EN-GHO'RI-AL, a. Popular or common ; demotic.
EN-ClR'-GLE (17), v. t. To inclose in a circle ; to
go circularly around ; to gather about in a crowd.
SYN. To embrace ; to encompass ; enclose ; en-
viron ; surround.
EN-GLASP' (6), v. t. To clasp ; to embrace.
EN-GLIT'LG, n. In grammar, a particle which
throws the accent upon the foregoing syllable ; a
word which, joined to the end of another, may
vary the accent.
ENCLOSE'. See INCLOSE.
EN-GLOS'tlRE. See INCLOSUBE.
EN-0'MI-AST, n. One who praises another; a
panegyrist.
EN--eO-MI-AS'TI-G, a. Bestowing laudatory praise.
EN'-0 / MI-UM, n. ; pi. EN-CO'MI-CMS or EN-CO'MI-A.
A high commendation ; panegyric ; praise. See
EULOGY.
EN-eOM'PASS, v. t. To bring within a given cir-
cuit or compass ; to go around ; to shut in and
confine. SYN. To encircle; enclose; surround;
environ ; invest ; hern in.
EN-6M'PASS-MENT, n. A surrounding.
EN-CORE' (ong-kore'), o. [JPr.l Again; a call for a
repetition of a passage in a play, &c.
EN- CORE', v. t. To call for a song or part to be
given again.
EN-OUN'TER, n. A sudden or unexpected rreet-
ing ; a meeting in combat ; a sharp contest iu
words. SYN. Conflict; fight skirmish.
ENC
146
ENG
I, fi, &c., long. I, fc, <fcc., sJiorf. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TRM; MARINE, B!RD, MOVE,
ENCOUNTER, v. t. To meet face to face; to ; END'LESS, a. Having no end; unlimited; per
meet iu a hostile manner; to meet and try to, petual; seemingly without end.
surmount, as obstacles ; u. i. to meet face to face ; i END'LESS-LY, ad. Without end ; incessantly.
to tight.
EN-!OUR'AGE (-kur'aje), v. t. To inspire with
courage or hope. STN. To embolden ; inspirit ;
animate; incite; cheer; urge on; stimulate.
EN'DO-CiEN, n. A plant, the wood of whose" stem
increases by internal growth, with no evident dis-
tinction between the bark, the wood, and the
pith.
EN-6UR'AiJE-MENT (-kur'aje-), TI. Act of giv- EN-DOG'E-NOTJS, a. Pertaining to endogens.
ing courage or hope ; incitement; incentive; sup- i EN'DOS-MOSE, n. The property by which rarer
fluids pass through membranous substances int
a space containing a denser fluid.
EN-DOW, v. t. To furnish with dower or with a
fund ; to settle a provision on ; to enrich with
gifts.
port.
EN-6UR'A-GER, n. One who inspirits or excites
to action.
EN-GOUR'A-GING (-kilr'aj-ing), a. Furnishing
ground to expect success ; inspiring with hope.
EN-OUR'A-GING-LY, ad. So as to give hope of
success.
EN-R1M'SON (-krim'zn), v. t. To tinge red.
EN'RI-N1TE, n. A fossil of the star-iish family ;
name of stone lilies or lily-shaped fossils.
EN-GROACH' (-kroche'), v. i. To intrude on an-
other's rights ; to creep on gradually without
right. SYN. To trench upon ; infringe ; trespass.
EN-ROACH'ER, n. One who steals or intrudes
on another's rights.
EN-ROACH'MENT, -n. Unlawful intrusion.
EN-)0M'BER, v. t. To impede action by a load or
burden. SYN. To load; clog; embarrass; oppress.
EN--e0M'BRANCE, n. Any thing that hinders or
impedes action. SYN. Load ; clog ; impediment ;
check ; hinderance.
EN-CY'LI-AL, a. Sent to many persons or
places ; circular for many.
EN-CY-LO-PE'DI-A, >, Circle of sciences; a
EN-CiT-CLO-PJE'DI-A,.) work that embraces the
facts and principles in all the branches of science
EN-DOW'MENT, n. Act of settling dower or of
creating a fund ; establishment of permanent sup-
port ; that which is bestowed or settled on ; a
fund ; a gift, quality, or faculty from the Creator.
EN-DOE'. See INDUE.
EN-DQR'A-BLE, a. That may be borne or suffered ;
tolerable.
EN-D0R'ANCE, n. A bearing without being over-
come; continuance. SYN. Suiferance; patience;
fortitude ; resignation.
EN-D0RE', v. t. To siipport without breaking or
yielding; to bear with patience. SYN. To sus-
tain; suffer; undergo; support; tolerate ; brook.
EN-D0RE', v. i. To last; to abide in the same
state without perishing. SYN. To remain ; con-
tinue.
END'- WISE, ad. On the end; with the end first.
E-NE'ID, n. An heroic poem, written by Virgil, of
which Eneas is the hero.
E-NE'MA, n. A clyster ; injection ; lavement.
One hostile to another ; one who is
EN'EMY,
!J-1 JUJ.1.U. -1. , ft. V^liC OJ.WOU.LLC lH-f Ct-LH-JULiCJ. , UMC TV iHJ la
opposed ; in war, the opposing force. SYN. Foe ;
oj^-v^i-vy^jw-jL^, JJJ.-O.JA, u. jimiuAiwms uuc WAIUIC adversary; antagonist; opponent.
circle of learning. i EN-ER-6ET'I, " ) a. Operating with vigour and
EN-CY-GLO-PE'DIST, n. A compiler of an ency- EN-ER-GET'ie-ALJ effect. SYN. Powerful ;
clopedia. j forcible; efficacious; potent; vigorous
EN-CfST'ED, a. Inclosed in a cyst, bag, or vesi- 1 tive; active.
cle, as a fluid or matter. I EN-ER-GT'I-AL-LY, ad. With force ; power-
END, n. Extreme point ; result ; ultimate object ; | fully.
design; close; limit; cessation; final doom ; j EN'ER-GlZE, v. t. To inspire with force or vigour;
death. I v. i. to act with force.
END, v. t. To bring to an end ; to destroy or put
to death. SYN. '
conclude.
To finish ; close ; terminate ;
END, v. i. To come to the ultimate point ; to
cease.
EN-DAM'AGE, v. t. To bring damage on ; to hurt ;
to harm ; to injure.
EN-DAN'GER, v. t. To expose to injury or loss.
EN-DAN CiER-MENT. n. Hazard; peril.
EN-DEAR', v. t. To render dear or beloved.
EN-DEAR'ING, a. Adapted to increase affection.
EN-DEAR'MENT, n. That which excites tender
affection ; fondness.
EN-DEAV'OUR (-deVur), n. A putting forth of
one's powers for some specific end. SYN. Effort ;
exertion ; struggle. Endeavour is the widest
term. An effort is a vigorous endeavour or taxing
of our powers ; an exertion (lit., straining) is a pe-
culiarly earnest and prolonged effort ; a strwjyle
is a violent and exhausting effort (lit., a twisting
or contortion) of the body ."Ordinary endeavours
will not now avail; every possible effort must be
made ; we must strain all our exertions, and strug-
gle to the utmost."
EN-DE AVOUR, v. i. To exert strength of body or
mind for accomplishing some object ; to make ef-
fort. SYN. To try; attempt; strive; struggle;
labour ; v. t. to try to effect ; to essay.
EN-DE'MI-AL, ) a. Peculiar to a people or na-
EN-DM'I}, > tion; domestic, as diseases
EN-DEM'IG-AL, ) which affect particular situa-
tions or result from local causes.
EN-DEN'I-ZEN (-dihi'e-zn), v. t. ~
admit to citizenship.
END'ING, n. Termination; conclusion; in Gram-
mar, the last letter or syllable.
EN-D1TE'. SeIDiTK.
EN'ER-GY, n. Inherent power ; power vigorously
exerted; force of language or utterance. SYN.
Vigour ; spirit ; resolution ; efficiency ; strength.
E-NER'VATE, v. t. To deprive of vigour; to
weaken.
E-NER'VATE, ) a. Enfeebled ; having little or
E-NER'VA-TEDJ no strength.
EN-ER-VA'TION, n. Act of reducing strength.
EN-FEE'BLE, v. t. To take away strength ; to re-
duce vigour ; make feeble.
EN-FEE'BLE-MENT, n. A weakening; weak
state.
EN-FEOFFE' (en-fef), v. t. To give a fief; to invest
with a fee.
EN-FEOFF'MENT (-fefment), n. The act of giv-
ing a fee simple of an estate ; the deed that con-
veys the fee.
EN-FI-LADE', n. A straight passage or line.
EN-FI-LADE', v. t. To pierce, scour, or rake with
shot in the direction or through the whole of a
line.
EN-FORCE', v. t. To strengthen ; to compel ; to
put in execution ; to urge on.
EN-FORCE'MENT, n. Act of enforcing ; compul-
sion ; that which gives force ; exigence.
EN-FOR'CER, n. One who compels; one who car-
ries into effect.
EN-FRAN'CHISE (en-fran'chiz), v. t. To set free ;
to make free of a corporation; to admit to t^j
privilege of a free citizen.
EN-FRAN'CHlSE-MENT, 'n. Act of making free
or of release.
To naturalize ; to EN-GAGE', v. t. To bind ; to stake as a pledge ; to
enlist ; to join ; to attract and fix ; to occupy ; to
encounter in combat ; to enter upon ; to promise ;
v. i. to begin to fight ; to embark in any business ;
to bind one's self.
ENG
147
ENR
r>6vE, WOLF, Bj<;iKj RflLE, BtfLL; vI"cioTJS. -e as K ; 6asj; sasz; cnassH; IHIS.
EN-GAGED', a. Earnestly employed ; zealous
pledged in marriage.
EN-GAG'ED-NESS, n. Great zeal: animation
EN-GAGE'MENT, n. Obligation by agreement ; a
pledge in marriage ; occupation ; employment
battle.
EN-GAG'ING, a. Winning ; attractive.
EN-GEN'DER, v. t. To beget ; to produce ; v. i. to
be begotten, caused, or produced.
EN'GlNE (Sn'jln), n. A machine in which two or
more mechanical powers are combined ; an instru
ment of action ; means ; an agent.
EN-Gl-NEER', n. One skilled in mechanics, or
who takes charge of an engine, or manages can
non; a civil engineer is one who superintends the
construction of aqueducts, rail-roads, canals, &c.
EN-Gl-NEER'ING, n. The art or profession of an
engineer.
EN'GlN-RY (cn'jin-ry), a. Management of artil
lery and of engines in general.
EN-GlRD', v. t. [pret. and pp. ENGIUDED, EN
GIRT.] To encompass ; to reach around ; to en
circle.
ENG'GLISH (mg'glish), a. From Angles, a tribe oi
Germans who settled in Britain. Pertaining to
England or its inhabitants.
EN G 'GLISH, n. The people or language of Eng-
land.
EN-GLUT', v. t. To swallow ; to fill.
EN-GORGE', v. t. To gorge ; to swallow greedily :
to devour ; v. i. to feed with eagerness or vora
city.
EN-GRAFT'. See INGRAFT.
To variegate or to spot, as with
The ring of dots around a
EN-GRAIL', v. t.
hail.
EN-GRAIL'MENT, n.
coin or medal.
EN-GRAIN', v. t. To dye in grain or in the raw
material.
EN-GRAP'PLE, v. t. To lay fast hold of; to seize
EN-GRASP' (6), v. t. To seize with the hand strong-
ly ; to hold fast on ; to gripe.
EN-GRAVE', r. t. [pret. ENGRAVED ; pp. ENGRAVED,
ENGRAVEN.] To cut with a chisel or graver ; to
picture by incisions; to imprint; to impress
EN-GRAVE'MENT, n. The act of engraving ; en
graved work.
EN-GRAVEN (-gra'vn), a. Cut with a chisel; im-
printed ; strongly impressed.
EN-GRAVER, n. One who engraves.
EN-GRAVING, n. The act or art of cutting stones,
&c. ; that which is engraved ; a print.
EN-GROSS', v. t. To take in undue quantities or
degrees ; to seize or buy the whole ; to write in a
fair hand. SYN. To absorb ; swallow up ; occupy ;
seize on ; monopolize ; forestall.
EN-GROSS'ER, n. One who monopolizes ; one who
writes a fair copy.
EN-GROSS'MENT, n. Act of engrossing; exorbi-
tant acquisition.
EN-GOLF', v. t. To throw or absorb in a gulf or
whirlpool.
EN-HANCE' (6), 0. t. To raise to a higher point ;
to advance ; to increase.
EN-HANCE'MENT, n. Raising to a higher point ;
increase ; aarsrravation.
EN-HAR-MON'I-G, a. Advancing by intervals less
than semitones.
E-NIG'MA, n. A riddle; obscure expression.
E-NIG-MAT'I, ^ a. Containing a riddle ; ob-
E-NIG-MAT'I-AL, J scure; ambiguous.
E-NIG-MAT'I-AL-LY, ad. Obscurely ; in a sense
different from common acceptation.
E-NiG / MA-TIST, n. A maker or dealer in enigmas
E-NIG'MA-TIZE, v. i. To deal in riddles.
EN- JOIN', v. t. To command ; to order ; to urge
upon ; in laio, to require judicially!
EN-JOIN'MENT, n. Direction; command.
EN-JOY', v. t. To feel pleasure ; to possess and
use with satisfaction.
EN-JO Y'A-BLE, a. Capable of being enjoyed.
EN-JOY'MENT, n. Agreeable sensations; pos-
session of any thing to be desired.
EN-KlN'DLE, v. t. To set on fire ; to inflame ; to
rouse t9 action.
EN-LARGE', v. t. To make greater; to expand;
to set at liberty ; to increase.
EN-LARGE', v. i. To grow large ; to expatiate.
EN-LARGE'MENT, n. Increase; extension; ex-
pansion ; release ; diffusiveness.
EN-LIGHTEN (en-ll'tn), v. t. To make or shed
light ; to give clearer views ; to illuminate ; to
instruct.
EN-LIGHT'EN-ER (-ll'tn-er), 71. He who or that
which gives light to the eye or clearer views to
the mind.
EN-LIGHT'EN-MENT (-ll'tn-), ti. Act of enlight-
ening or state of being enlightened.
EN-LINK', v. t. To bind together ; to chain to.
EN-LIST', v. t. To register a name ; to unite firmly
in a cause ; v. i. to engage in public service ; to
devote one's self to an object.
EN-LlST'MENT, n. Act of enrolling or engaging ;
a register.
EN-LIVEN (-ll'vn), v. t. To animate ; to excite j
to cheer.
EN-LIVEN-ER, n. One who animates or cheers.
EN-MAR'BLE, v. t. To make hard as marble.
EN MASSE (ang-inass'), [JPr.] In a mass or body.
EN-MESH', v. t. To catch in a net ; to entangle.
EN'MI-TY, n. The condition of being an enemy
state of opposition. SYN. Hatred; ill-will; hos
tility ; animosity ; malignity.
EN-NO'BLE, v. t. To make noble ; to dignify.
EN-NO'BLE-MENT, n. Exaltation ; act of advanc-
ing to nobility or excellence.
EN-NUI' (ang-wee'), n. [_Fr.~\ Weariness; lassi-
tude ; disgust.
E-NOR'MI-TY, n. Some monstrous excess of
wrong; flagitious crime or villainy. SYN. Atro-
city; foulness; nefariousness.
E-NOR'MOUS, a. Literally, against all law or rule ;
hence, beyond all natural or ordinary limits.
SYN. Immense ; excessive. We speak of a thing
as enormous when it overpasses its ordinary law of
existence, and becomes, so to speak, abnormal in
its magnitude, degree, &c., as a man of enormous
strength ; a deed of enormous wickedness. Im-
mense and excessive are figurative terms used to in-
tensify, and are somewhat indefinite in their de-
gree of strength.
E-NOR'MOUS-LY, ad. Excessively; beyond meas-
ure.
E-NOR'MOUS-NESS. n. State of being excessive ;
greatness beyond measure ; atrociousness.
E-NOUGH' (e-nuf), a. [Sax. genoli.'] pi. formerly
ENOW, as foes enow. Sufficient ; that satisfies.
E-NOUGH' (e-nuf), n. Sufficiency; as much aa
one desires.
E-NOUGH', (e-nuf), ad. Sufficiently; fully; quite;
denoting a slight augmentation of the positive de-
gree, and sometimes a diminution of it.
EN-QUIRE'. See INQUIRE. [rious.
EN-RAGE', v. t. To provoke to fury; to make fu-
EN-RANK', v. t. To place in rank or order ; to give
rank to.
EN-RAPT'URE (-rapt'yur), v. t. To transport with
pleasure.
EN-RAVISH, v. t. To throw into ecstasy.
EN-RAVISH-MENT, n. Ecstasy of delight.
EN-REG'IS-TER, v. i. To register ; to enrol or re-
cord.
EN-RlCH', v. t. To make wealthy ; to fertilize ; to
store ; to add any thing splendid or ornamental.
EN-RlCH'MENT, n. Increase of wealth, fertility,
or ornament.
EN-RIP'EN (-rl'pn), v. t. To mature ; to bring to
perfection.
EN-ROBE', v. t. To clothe with rich dress ; to at-
tire ; to array ; to invest.
N-ROL', v. t. To write in a register; to enter a
name in a list; to leave in writing; to wrap
around.
ENR
148
ENU
I, *, <fcc., long. I, fi, &c., short CARE, PAR, L.VST,
EN-ROL'MENT, n. A registering ; a record.
EN-ROOT', v. t. To implant deep ; to fix by the root
EN ROUTE' (ang-roof), [Fr.] On the way.
ENS. [L.] Being ; existence ; entity.
EN-SAM'PLE, n. An example ; a pattern.
EN-SANG'GUINE (en-sang'gwm), v. t. To stain o
cover with blood.
EN-SONCE' (en-skonceO, v. t. To shelter or cover
to protect ; to secure or hide.
EN-SEAL', v. t. To fix a seal on ; to impress.
EN-SfiAM', v. t. To enclose by a seam ; to sew up
EN-SEAR', v. t. To close or stop up by burning t(
hardness.
EN-SEM'BLE (ang-sam'bl), [Fr.] Together; all
the parts taken together ; in the fine arts, the
general effect of the whole without reference t<
the parts.
EN-SHIELD' (-sheeld'), v. t. To shield ; to cover
to protect.
EN-SHRINE', v. t. To enclose in a shrine ; to lay
up choicely ; to preserve with care and love.
fiN'SI-FORM, a. Sword-shaped ; xiphoid.
EN'SIGN (Sn'sine), n. A banner; a national flag
or standard ; a badge ; a mark of rank or office
the ofiicer that carries the flag.
EN'SIGN-CY (Sn'slne-sy), n. The rank, office, or
commission of an ensign.
EN-SLAVE', v. t. To deprive of liberty ; to sub
ject; to reduce to servitude or bondage.
EN-SLAVE'MENT, n. Act of reducing to bondage
EN-SNARE'. See INSNARE.
EN-SPHERE', v. t. To place in a sphere.
EN-STAMP', v. t. To impress with a stamp; to
impress deeply.
EN-SCTE' (en-su'), v. i. To follow as a consequence
to succeed.
EN-S0RE'. Sec INSURE.
EN-TAB'LA-TORE, n. In architecture, the assem
blage of the parts of an order above the column
embracing the architrave, the frieze, and the cor-
nice.
EN-TAIL', n. An estate limited to particular
heirs ; rule of descent so fixed.
EN-TAIL', v. t. To settle an estate so as to des-
cend to a particular heir.
EN-TAIL'MENT, n. Act of settling an estate on a
man and particular heirs.
EN-TANG'GLE (-tang'gl), v. t. To twist and inter-
weave so as not to be easily separated ; to in-
snare ; to perplex ; to multiply intricacies and
difficulties ; to involve.
EN-TANG'GLE-MENT (-
intricacy.
EN-TAN G 'GLER, . A person who perplexes.
EN'TER, v. t. To go or come in ; to admit or in-
troduce ; to write down ; to enrol ; to lodge a
manifest of goods at the custom-house.
EN'TER, v. i. To go or come in ; to pierce ; to en-
gage in; to be initiated in ; to be an ingredient.
EN'TER-ING, o. Beginning; making way for
something ; n. an entrance ; a passage.
EN-TE-Rl'TIS, n. Inflammation of the bowels.
ENTER-PRlSE, n. An undertaking; attempt,
particularly a bold and hazardous one.
EN'TER-PRISE, v. t. To take in hand ; to attempt
to perform.
EN'TER-PRIS-ING, o. Bold; adventurous ; reso-
lute to undertake.
EN-TER-TAIN', v. t. To furnish with table and
lodgings ; to treat ; to amuse or instruct with
conversation ; to consider ; to maintain with fa-
vour. See AMUSE,
EN-TER-TAIN'ER, n. He who receives com-
pany, &c. ; one who diverts or pleases.
EN-TER-TAIN'ING, a. Adapted to please. SYN.
Amusing; diverting; enlivening; sportive.
EN-TER-TAIN'ING- LY, ad. Amusingly; divert-
in gly.
EN-TER-TAINTVIENT, n. Treatment ; amuse-
ment ; provisions of the table ; reception or ad-
mission ; that which serves for diversion. SYN.
Recreation ; pastime ; feast ; banquet ; repast.
(-tang'gl-). n. Perplexity;
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, lilRM; MARINE, BIBD ;
EN-THRAL', See INTHRAL.
EN-THRONE', v. t. To place on a throne ; to exalt.
EN-THRONE'MENT, n. Act of enthroning.
EN-THO'SI-ASM (-thu'ze-azm), n. An ardent zeal
in respect to some object or pursuit ; the word is
now used chiefly in a good sense, or at least to in-
dicate only some excess of zeal and confidence.
SYN. Fanaticism. Enthusiasm was formerly used
for heat of imagination, especially in religion :
but this sense is now more commonly confined to
fanaticism, which denotes wild and extravagant
notions on this subject, often leading to the most
dangerous delusions. Fanaticism is also some-
times extended to other subjects besides religion ;
EN-THC'SI-AST, n. One animated by enthusiasm.
EN-THtT-SI-AST'I, \ a. Filled with enthu-
EN-THtJ-SI-AST'ie-AL, j siasm ; full of ardour
and zeal ; elevated.
EN-THO-SI-AST'I-AL-LY, ad. With great zeal
and warmth.
fiN'THY-MEME, n. In logic, an argument having
one premise expressed, and the other understood.
EN-TlGE', v. t. To incite to evil; to seduce ; to al-
lure. See ALLURE.
EN-TICE'MENT, n. Instigation; means of inciting
to evil ; temptation ; allurement.
EN-TIC'ER, n. One who incites to evil.
EN-TIC'ING-LY, ad. With instigation to evil ; in
a way to win or charm.
EN-TIRE', a. Forming an unbroken whole ; com-
plete in its parts ; comprising all requisite in it-
self, as joy entire; unmingled; not shared by
others, as entire control SYN. Complete; un-
broken ; full ; n. that which is entire or un-
mingled. See COMPLETE.
EN-TIRE'LY, ad. Wholly; fully; faithfully.
EN-TIRE'NESS, n. Wholeness ; completeness ;
unbroken form or state ; integrity.
EN-TI'TLE, v. t. To give a title or right to; to
prefix as a title ; to style. SYN. To name : desig-
nate; denominate.
N'TI-TY, n. Real being or essence.
EN-TOMB' (en-toom'), v. t. To deposit in a tomb.
EN-TO-MOL'O-GlST, n. One versed in entoinol-
EN?r6-MO'L'O-6Y, n. That branch of zoology
which treats of insects.
EN'TRAILS (-en'tralz), n. pi. The bowels ; the in-
testines.
ENTRANCE, n. A going or coming in ; the door
or passage ; a taking possession ; beginning.
EN-TRANCE' (6), v. t. To put into an ecstasy; to
enrapture.
EN-TRAP', c.t. To insnare ; to entangle ; to catch
by artifice.
EN-TREAT', v. t. To beg earnestly ; v. i. to make
earnest request. SYN. To beseech; supplicate;
implore ; solicit.
EN-TREAT V ING-LY, ad. With earnest pleadings.
EN-TREATY, n. Urgent prayer or petition.
EN-TREE' (ang-tra'), n. [Fr.] Freedom of access ;
a course of dishes.
EN-TRE-METS' (iing-tr-ma'), n. [Fr.] Small and
dainty dishes set between the principal nes at
table.
EN-TRE-POT' (ang-tr-po'), n. [Fr.] A warehouse or
place for the deposit of goods.
N'TRY, n. Passage ; ingress ; account of a cargo
given to a custom-house officer ; the act of com-
mitting to writing ; record.
EN-TWINE', ") v. t. To twine or twist round. Se
EN-TWIST 7 , 3 INTWINE.
E-NIKJLE-ATE, v. t. To take out the kernel ; to
clear from knots or lumps ; to explain ; to clear
from obscurity or intricacy.
E-NU'MER-ATE, v. t. To number; to count; to
tell over singly.
^-NU-MER-A'TION, n. The act of mentioning or
counting by naming each particular ; in rhetoric,
a part of the close of an oration, in which a briol
recapitulation is made of the heads of discourso.
E-NC'MER-A-TlVE, n. Reckoning up.
ENTJ
149
EPI
D6VE, WOLF, B<?<?K ; IffrLE, BrLL ; VICIOUS.
E-NCN'CIATE, v . t. To declare ; to proclaim; to
relate.
E-NUN-CI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. Utterance of
words ; declaration.
E-NON'CIA-TiVE, a. Declarative ; expressive.
EN-VAS'SAL, v. t. To reduce to bondage ; to en-
slave.
EX-YEL'OP, v. t. To wrap ; to cover; to inclose ;
to line.
EN'VEL-OPE (ang'v el-ope),) n. A wrapper ; an
EN-VEL'OP, j" inclosing cover; an
investing integument.
EN-VEI/OP-MENT, n. A wrapping or inclosing.
EN-VEX'OM, v. t. To poison ; to taint with bitter-
ness ; to exasperate or make furious.
EN'VI-A-BLE, a. That may excite envy or desire
of possession.
f.X VI-ER, n. One who envies another.
EX VI-OUS, a. Feeling or harbouring envy.
E WI-OUS-LY, ad. With hatred on account of the
prosperity or goodness of another.
EN-VrRON, v. t. To hem in ; to surround ; to in-
volve.
EN-Vl'BON-MENT, n. A being surrounded.
EX-Vl'ROX$, n. pi. Places near, adjacent, or lying
around another.
EN'VOY, n. A minister to a foreign court ; for-
merly, lines or sentences to introduce or enforce
compositions.
EX'VOY-SHIP, n. The office of envoy.
EISPVY, v. t. To grieve at another's good ; to fret
or hate another on account of his superiority.
EN'VY, n. Pain and discontent excited by anoth-
er's prosperity.
E'O-CEXE, a. A term given by geologists to the
earliest tertiary deposits.
E-OL'i^ N ' } a ' p ertainiug to -3Eolia or .ffiolis.
E-0'LI-AN AT-TACH'MENT, n. A contrivance
attached to a pianoforte to increase the volume of
sound by a stream of air thrown on the chords.
E-OOJ-AN HARP, \n. A simple stringed instru-
E-0'LI-AN LYRE, j ment sounded by the air.
E-OL'I-PILE, n. A hollow metal ball with small
orifice and pipe, which , filled with water andheated,
shows the elastic power of steam.
E'ON, n. In the Platonic philosophy, a virtue, attri-
bute, or perfection ; with the Gnostics, a divine
nature, or emanation.
'PAT, n. The excess of the solar year or month
beyond the lunar.
EP-AN-A-LEP'SIS, n. Repetition ; a figure in rhe-
toric when a sentence ends as it begins.
E-PAN'0-DOS, n. [Gr.] Return or inversion ; a rhe-
torical figure when a sentence or member is in-
verted or repeated backward; as, woe to them
who call good evil, and evil good.
EP'AR-GH (?p'ark), n. The governor of a province.
EP'ARH-Y, n. The province under an eparch.
L-PAULE', n. [Fr.] Shoulder oi a bastion.
E-PAULE'MENT, n. A side-work in fortification.
EP'A'U-LET, n. A shoulder-piece ; badge of office.
E-PEX'THE-SIS, n. The insertion of a letter or
syllable in the middle of a word.
E-PERGXE (a-ptirne').. n. [Fr] An ornamental
stand tor a large glass in the centre of a table.
EP-EX-E-GE'SIS, n. An additional explanation im-
mediately subjoined to one already given.
E'PHA (e'ia), n. A Hebrew measure, a little more
than five pecks.
E-PHEM'E-RA (e-fSm'e-ra), n. An insect that lives
one day only.
E-PHEM'E-RAL(e-fem'e-ral),')a. Diurnal; last-
E-FHEM'E-RI<J, j ing one day only ;
short-lived.
E-PHEM'E-RIS, n. ; pi. EPH-E-MKR'I-DES. A daily
account of the positions of the planets ; a journal.
E-PHM'E-RON, n. The being of a day.
EPH-I-AL'T3, n. The night-mare.
KPH'OD (gfod). n. A linen girdle of Jewish priests.
EPH'O-BI, n. pi. Magistrates of high rank
among the Spartans.
- -e as K ; 6 as j ; B as z ; CH as SH ; SHIS.
EPI, n. [Gr.] Upon for, or after.
EP'I-G, a. Containing narrative ; heroic.
EP-I-CE'DI-AN, a. Elegiac; mournful.
EP-I-CEDI-UM, n. [/,.] An elegy or poem.
EP'I-CEXE, a. Comaion to both sexes.
EP'I-eCRE, n. One addicted to luxury.
EP-I-eC-RE'AN, a. Belonging to Epicurus ; luxu-
rious ; sensual ; n. a follower of Epicurus ; one
devoted to pleasure.
EP-I-tJ'RE-AN-ISM, n. Indulgence in luxury;
the philosophy of Epicurus, making the chief
good to consist in pleasure.
EP'I-U-RIM, 11. Luxury; indulgence in volup-
tuous pleasures.
Fl-eU-RIZE, r. t. To live in luxury.
EP'I-CY--t'L]i, Ji. A small circle whose centre is in
the circumference of a greater.
EP-I-CY'LOID, n. A species of curve.
EP-I-DEMTG, ) a. Common to many people ;
EP-I-DEM'I-AL, > generally prevailing.
EP-I-DEM'I, n A disease generally prevailing,
but not dependent on local causes.
EP-I-DER'MIS, n. In anatomy, the cuticle or scarf
skin ; the thin pellicle over the exterior of plants
or shells.
EP'I-DOTE, n. A green or grayish mineral with
glassy lustre, &c., partially transparent.
EP-I-GAS'TRLG, a. Pertaining to the epigastrium,
^ the upper part of the abdomen.
EP'I-GENE, a. Formed on the surface of the earth.
EP-I-GLOT'TIS, n. A cartilage that covers the
glottis and prevents food, during deglutition from
entering the wind-pipe.
EP'I-GRAM, n. A short pointed poem.
EP-I-GRAM-MATTG, ) a. Relatingto epigrams ;
EP-I-GRAM-HAT/KJ-ALJ concise; pointed;
poignant.
EP-I-GRAMIIA-TIST, n. A writer of epierams.
EP'I-GRAPH (ep'e-graf), n. An inscription on a
buildiA-,', statue, &c.
EP'I-LEP-SY, n. The falling sickness.
EP-I-LEPTI, a. Subject to convulsive fits of
falling sickness.
EP-I-LO-G1S'T1, a. Pertaining to an epilogue.
EP'I-LOGUE (6p'e-log), n. A concluding part in
an oration or play.
E-PIPH'A-NY (e-plfa-ny), n. A festival celebrated
the twelfth night after Christmas to commemo-
rate the visit of the Magi.
E-PIPH'Y-SIS, n. The growing of one bone to ano-
ther ; an appendix to a bone.
E-P1S'0-PA-CY, n. Church government by bi-
shops.
E-P1S'O-PAL, \a. Pertaining to bishops or
E-PlS--eO-PA'LI-AN, j to government by bishops.
E-PIS-O-PA'LI-AN, n. One who holds to episco-
pacy or is of the Episcopal Church.
E-PIS-eO-PA'LI-AN-ISM, n. The system of go-
verument by bishops.
E-P1S'O-PAL-LY, ad. By episcopal authority or
according to episcopacy.
E-PJS';O-PATE, 71. The dignity of a bishop.
EP'I-SODE, n. A digression, or incidental story for
sake of variety, or explanation.
EP-I-SOD'I, 1 a, Pertaining to an episode or
EP-I-SOD'I-AL, > contained in it ; digressive.
E-PlS'TLE (e-pls'sl), n. A letter; a letter missive,
particularly of an apostle.
E-PlS'TO-LA-RY, a. Contained in or relating to
letters.
E-P1S TO-LIZE, v. i. To write epistles or letters.
E-PlS'TRO-PHE, n. The ending of successive
sentences with the same word or affirmation.
EP'I-TAPH (ep'e-taf ) , n. An inscription on a tomb-
stone ; a eulogy.
EP-I-TAPH'I (-taf'ik), n. Relating to an epitaph.
EP-I-THA-LA'XI-UH, n. [L.] A nuptial song.
EP'I-THET, n. An adjective expressing some real
quality of the thing to which it is applied. Epithet
was formerly extended to nouns which give a title
EPI
150
ERA
I, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
or describe character (as liar, &c.), but is now con-
fined wholly to adjectives. Some rhetorical writ-
ers restrict it still further, considering the term
epithet as belonging only to a limited class of ad-
jectives, viz., those which add nothing to the
sense of their noun, but simply hold forth some
quality necessarily implied therein, as the bright
sun, the lofty heavens, &c. But this restriction
certainly does not prevail in general literature.
EP-I-THfiT'K), a. Consisting of or abounding in
epithets. [mary.
E-PlT'O-ME, n. An abridgment; abstract; sum-
E-PlT'O-M 1ST, n. One who abridges a writing.
E-PlT'O-MlZE, v. t. To abridge; to reduce to a
summary ; to diminish.
E-PlT'O-MlZ-EE, n. One who abridges ; a writer
of an epitome.
EP-I-ZEUX'IS, n. A figure in rhetoric in which a
word is repeated emphatically.
EP-I-ZO'A, ") n. A class of parasitic animals which
EP-ZO'ANS, j particularly infest fishes.
E PLU'RI-BUS U'NUM [L.] One composed of many ;
the motto of the United States.
EP'OH (ep'ok), \ n. A fixed point from which
P'O-!HA, ) years of time are computed ; a
period of time.
EP'ODE, n. The third or last part of an ode ; any
little following a larger.
EP-O-PEE', n. An epic poem or the fable of it.
EP'SOM SALT, n. The sulphate of magnesia; a
cooling cathartic.
EP'C-LA-EY, a. Pertaining to a feast or banquet.
E-QUA-BIL'I-TY, n. Equality ; uniformity ; even-
ness.
E'QUA-BLE, a. Equal and uniform at all times ;
smooth.
E'QUA-BLY, ad. With constant uniformity.
E'QUAL, a. Like in amount or degree; even;
just ; fair ; n. one of the same rank or age, &c.
E'QUAL, v. t. To make equal ; to be equal.
E-QUAL'I-TY, \n. Likeness; evenness; uni-
E'QUAL-NESS, j formity.
E-QUAL-I-ZA'TION, n. Act of making equal.
E'QUAL-IZE, v. t. To make equal or even.
E'QUAL-LY, ad. In the same degree ; alike ; im-
partially.
E-QUANG'GU-LAE (e-kwang'gu-lar), a. Consisting
of equal angles.
E-QUA-NlM'I-TY, n. Evenness of mind ; com-
posure, [steady.
E-QUAN'I-MOUS, a. Even in temper; cool;
E-QUA'TION, n. A bringing to equality ; a pro-
position stating the equality of two quantities by
= placed between them, as Is. = 12d.
E-QUA'TOE, n. A great circle dividing the earth
into two equal hemispheres, the northern and
southern.
E-QUA-TCyRI-AL, o. Pertaining to the equator.
E-QUA-TO'EI-AL, n. An instrument which so j
operates on a telescope as to keep a heavenly body i
for a long time in view, notwithstanding the di- I
urnal motion of the earth.
E'QUE-EY (eTiwe-ry), ) n. One who has the care j
E'QUEE-EY (e'kwer-ry)J of horses.
E-QUES'TEI-AN, a. Pertaining to horses or horse- i
manship ; n. a horseman.
E-QUI-ANG'GU-LAE, a. Having equal angles.
E-QUI-EC'EAL, a. Having equal legs.
E-QUI-DlF'FEE-ENT, a. Having equal differences;
or arithmetically proportional.
E-QUI-DlS'TANT, a. Being at the same distance.
E-QUI-DIS'TANT-LY, ad. At a like distance; in
botany, applied to an arrangement of leaves in
which the sides or edges alternately overlap.
E-QUI-LAT'EE-AL, a. Having the sides equal.
E-QUI-LI BEATE, v. i. To balance equally.
E-QUI-LI-BEA'TION, n. Equipoise ; even balance.
E-QUI-LlB'EI-TY, n. Equal balance.
E-QUI-LlB'EI-UM, n. Equipoise; equality of
weight ; equal balancing of the mind between
reasons or motives ; indecision ; state of equili-
brium ; in equilibria, in a state of equilibrium.
F4LL, WHT ; THftRE, TiRM; MARINE, BlRI> ; MOVE,
I E-QUI-MOL'TI-PLES, n. Multiples in which
numbers are taken an equal number of times.
E'QUINE, \a. Pertaining to horses ; denoting
E-QUI'NAL, j the horse kind.
E-QUI-NO'TIAL, a. Pertaining to the equinox ;
n. the great circle of the celestial globe whose
poles are the poles of the earth, so called because
when the sun reaches it the days and nights are
equal.
E-QUI-NO^'TIAL O-LCEE', n. The great circle
which passes from the poles of the world through
the equinoctial points, which are the points in
which the equator and ecliptic cross each other.
E'QUI-NOX, n. The time when the sun enters an
equinoctial point or when the days and nights are
equal.
E-QUI-NO'MEE-ANT, a. Having the same mimber.
E-QLTlP', v. t. To dress; to arm; to fit out; to
furnish.
Q'-UI-PAGE (gk'we-paje), n. Attendance, as
horses, carriages ; ornamental furniture.
E-QUlP'MENT, n. Act of furnishing ; apparatus.
E'QUI-POISE, n. An equality of weight ; a state
in which the two ends or sides are balanced.
E-QUI-POL'LENCE, ) n. Equality of power or
E-QUI-POL'LEN-CY, j force ; in logic, when two
or more propositions signify the same thing,
though differently expressed.
E-QUI-PGL'LENT, a. Having equal force or equi-
valent meaning.
E-QUI-PON'DEE-ANCE, n. Equality of weight.
E-QUI-PON'DEE-ANT, a. Being of the same
weight.
E-QUI-PON'DEE-ATE, v. i. To be of equal weight.
EQ'UI-TA-BLE (6k'we-ta-bl), a. Giving or dis-
posed to give each his due ; in law, pertaining to
chancery. STN. Just ; fair ; right ; impartial ;
upright.
-I-TA-BLY (Sk'we-ta-bly), ad. With justice;
upri
EQ'U]
EQ'UI-TY (gk'we-ty), n. Impartial distribution of
justice ; a just regard to ri^-lit or claim ; in laio, a
power qualifying or correcting the law in extreme
cases. SYN. Impartiality ; rectitude ; fairness ;
honesty ; uprightness.
E-QUIV'A-LENCE, n. Equality of worth or power.
E-QUlV'A-LENT, a. Equal in worth, power, or
effect.
E-QUlV'A-LENT, n. That which is equal in worth,
dignity, or force ; in chemistry, the proportion in
which the various bodies combine, oxygen or
hydrogen being unity.
E'QUI-VALVE, n. A bivalve in which the two
valves are of equal size and form ; a. having the
two valves equal.
E-QUiVO-GAL, a. That may be equally well un-
derstood in different senses. SYN. Ambiguous.
An expression is ambiguous when different parts
of it can be so construed as to bring out a diver-
sity of meanings. An expression is equivocal when,
taken as a whole, it expresses a given thought
with perfect clearness and propriety, and also an-
other thought with equal propriety and clearness.
The former is a mere blunder of language ; the
latter is usually intended to deceive, though it
niav occur at times from mere inadvertence.
E-QUlVO-GAL-LY, ad. Doubtfully ; uncertainly.
E-QU1VO-ATE, v. i. To use words of double sig-
nification ; to shuffle.
E-QUIV-O'-GA'TION, n. The use of words of double
signification ; prevarication ; evasion.
E-QU1VO--6A-TOE, n. One who uses words of
double meaning, &c.
EQ'UI-VOKE, ) n. An ambiguous term ; prevari-
E'QUI-VOQUE, f cation.
EE. This, as a termination, denotes an agent or
person, like or, as in farmer.
E'EA, 7i. In chronology, a fixed point of time from
which to compute years.
E-EA'DI-ATE, v. i. To shoot rays ; to beam.
E-EA-DI-A'TION, n. Emission of rays, or bea:ua
of light or splendour.
ERA
151
ESP
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BTXL ; VICIOUS
E-RADI-GATE, v. t. To root out ; to destroy the
roots ; to destroy wholly.
E-EAD-I--CA TIOX, n. The act of rooting out ;
entire destruction.
E-RAD'I-A-TIVE, a. That extirpates ; that cures.
E-RAS'A-BLE, a. That may be rubbed out or ob-
literated.
E-RASE', v. i. To rub or scrape out ; to efface ; to
blot out ; to destrov.
E-RASE'MENT, \n. Act of rubbing or
: ION (e-ra'zhun), j scraping out; oblitera-
tion.
E-RAS'ER. n. One who rubs or scrapes out; n
knife for erasing-, &c.
E-RAS'TIAN (e-ras'chan), n. A follower oi one
Erastus, who held the Church to be a mere crea-
ture of the state.
E-BASTIAN-IffiM, n. The principles of Erastus.
E-BAS1JRE (e-ra'zhur), n. Act of scraping out:
obliteration; a scratching; the place rubbed or
scraped out.
ERE (are), ad. Before; sooner than ; prep, before.
ER'E-BUS, n. Darkness ; the region of the dead.
E-RECT', a. Upri-ht ; not leaning or inclined ;
upraised, as hands; firm, not cast down,
erect countenance or spirit. SYN. Perpendicular;
vertical; raised; bold.
E-R'T', v. t. To raise and set up. as a flag-staff;
to raise and establish, as a house or empire; to
raise and excite. SYX. To elevate; construct;
build ; institute ; found ; exalt.
E-R l ; ;T'A-BLE, a. That may be erected.
E-RE'TIoN, ?i. A setting upright; act of build-
ins- ; a building.
E-RET'LY, ad. In an erect posture.
E-RE-eT'NESS, n. Erect state; upright posture.
ERE-LONG' (U) (are-lGug'j, ad. Before a long time
shall elapse.
ER'E-MITE, n. One who lives solitary or in a wilder-
ness ; a hermit.
fRE'-NOW, ad. Before this time.
RE'WHlLE, ad. Some time ago; a little time
since.
ER'GO, ad. [L."] Therefore.
ER'GOT, n. A protuberance on a horse's leg ; a
parasitic fungus on grain, poisoning it.
All'MINE, n. An animal or its fur ; the stoat.
ERN,n. The sea-eagle ; the golden <
E-RODE', t\ t. To eat in or away ; to corrode.
ION (e-ro'zhun), n. An eating ; corrosion ;
destruction by ulceration.
E-ROT'1. a. Pertaining to love ; treating of love.
ER-PE-TOL'O-GY, n. History and description of
reptiles. See HKKPETOI.OGY.
ERR '13), v. i. To wander from the right way ; to
mi>take : to commit error.
ERR'A-BLE, a. Liable to mistake.
ER'RAM), n. A iiie.-^iiue ; business of one sent.
ER'RANT, a. "Wandering; roving; deviating from
. a certain course ; wild.
ER'RANT-RY, n. A state of wandering ; a roving.
ER-RAT'I', a. Wandering; not stationarj-; 71. n
rock or boulder which has been transported by
an iceberg from its original place or position.
ER-RATK '-AL-LY, ad. Without rule or method.
BE-RA'TUM, n. pi. EK-RV'TA. [L.] An error or
':o in writing or printing.
ER-RO'NE-OUS, a. Not conformed to truth or
rectitude. SYN. Mistaken; wrong; false; incor-
rect.
ER-RO NE-OUS-LY, ad. With or by mistnke.
ER-R< *'N E-0 U S-JS ESS, n. Deviation from right ;
mistake ; fault.
fiR'ROR, n. Literally, wandering; hence, a devia-
tion from what is right ; a departure from truth
or duty ; i:. ling or judg-
ment. SYN. Mistake; fault; blunder, which see.
fiE'EOR-IST, n. One who errs or propagates
error.
ERSK, TT. The language of the Celts in Ireland,
now dying out.
ERST (13), ad. At first; long ago; once.
-easK; 6 as J ; iiasz; CH as SH ;
ER-U-BfiS'CENCE, n. Redness; a blushing.
ER-U-BKS'CENT, a. Red; blushing.
TATE, v. t. To belch or eject windfrom the
stomach.
ER-U-TATION, n. A belching; flatulency; a
bursting forth.
ER'U-DlTE (er'oo-dite), a. Learned; well-read.
ER-U-Dl"TION (-dlsh'un), 71. Learning; know-
ledge gained by study, &c.
* I-NOUS, a. Coppery ; rusty.
E-ROP'TION (-rup'shun), n. A breaking forth ; a
bursting out ; a red spot on the skin.
E-RCPTIVE, a. Bursting out ; tending to burst ;
attended by eruptions.
ER-Y-SIP'E-LAS, n. A disease; St. Anthony's
fire ; the rose.
ER-Y-SI-PEL'A-TOUS, o. Eruptive; resembling
erysipelas.
ES-A-LADE', 77. A scaling of walls.
ES-A-LADE', n. t. To scale ; to mount by 1
ES-AL'OP (-skol'up), n. A bivalvular shell-fish.
ES-CA-PADE', n. The fling of a horse; henco,
unconscious impropriety of speech or behaviour.
ES-APE', v. t. To avoid; to shun ; to evade; v. i.
to flee from ; to be passed unharmed.
ES-APE', 71. A fleeing from danger, or coming
out of it unharmed ; a getting free from custody.
SYN. Flight; evasion; avoidance; mistake.
ES- A PE'HENT, n. That part of a clock or watch
which regulates its movements.
ES-6ARP', v. t. To form a sudden slope.
ES-GARP'MENT, n. A slope ; a steep descent or
declivity.
ESCHA-LOT' (esh-a-lof), n. A shalot; a small
onion.
ivS HAR, 71. A dry slough.
ES-f'HA-KOT'K!. a. Caustic; destroying flesh.
ES-'HA-TOL'O-GY, n. The doctrine of the last
things, as death, judgment, &c.
ES-CHEAT', 71. A falling of lands to the lord or to
the state for the want of an owner.
ES-CHEAT', v . i. To revert to the lord of the
manor or to the state.
ES-CHEAT'A-BLE, a. Liable to escheat.
ES-CHEW, v. t. To shun or avoid; to flee from.
ES'ORT, 7i. A body of men to protect an officer
or provisions on the way; a guard or protection.
ES-ORT', v. t. To attend and guard on the way.
ES--CRI-TOIR' (es-kre-twSrO, n. A box with in-
struments for writing.
ES-RI-TO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to an escritoir.
ES-GROW', n. A deed delivered to a third :
to be given to the grantee on certain conditions.
ES-U-LA'PI-AN, a. Pertaining to the healing
art.
fiS'U-LENT, a. Eatable ; good for food.
ES'U-LENT, n. Any thing that may IK-
used as food or eaten.
ES-'0'RI-AL, 71. The palace or residence of the
Kin;; of Spain.
ES-CTCH'EON (es-kuch'un), n. A shield
of arms ; the part of a vessel's stern on which lit r
name is written.
E-SOPII'A-GUS, n. The gullet ; the cannl from th *
pharynx through which the food is conveyed 1'roin
the mouth to the stomach.
ES-O-TER'IG, a. Private; applied to the instruc-
tions and doctrines of Pythagoras; opposed to c.i--
oteric.
ES-PAL'IER (es-pal'yer) , n. A row of trees I
to a frame; a single fruit-tree thus trained; the
frame or lattice-work used for the training; v. t.
to form or protect by an espalier.
ES-PE"CIAL (es-pfish'al), a. Principal ; particular.
KS-PE"CIAL-LY, ad. Chiefly ; priuci
KS-PI'AL, 7i., The act of espying.
ES'PI-O-NAGE, n. Practice of employing spies or
of secretly watching others.
ES-PLA-NADE', n. The glacis of a counterscarp or
slope of a parapet ; a large grass-plat.
ES-POUS'AL, a. Relating to espousals.
ES-POUS'ALS, n. pi. A betrothing ; a marriage.
ESP
152
EUL
I fi, Ac., long. I, $, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
ES-POUSE', v. t. To betroth ; to engage to marry
to marry ; to embrace ; to take to one's self.
ES-PRIT DE CORPS' (es-pre de kore'), [IV.] The
spirit of the body or association.
ES-PY', v. t. To see at a distance ; to discover un
expectedly; v. i. to look narrowly; to look
about.
ES-QUIEE', n. An attendant on a knight ; a title
of magistrates, public officers, independent and
professional men ; v. t. to attend or wait on.
ES-QUISSE' (es-keece'J. n. [Fr.] The first sketch of
a picture or model of a statue.
ES-SAY', v. t. To attempt ; to try ; to test.
ES'SAY, n. A trial ; attempt ; exertion of body or
mind ; short treatise.
ES-SAY'ER, n. One who attempts or tries.
ES'SAY-IST, or -SAY'-, n. A writer of essays.
ES'SENCE, n. The nature of a thing ; existence ;
perfume.
ES'SENCE, v. i. To perfume or scent.
ES-SENES', n. pi. Among the Jews, an ascetic
sect who lived in communities.
BS-SEN'TIAL (-s6n'shal), a. Necessary ; very im-
portant ; pure.
ES-SEN'TIAL, n. First or constituent principle ;
that which is necessary ; chief point.
ES-SEN-TI-AL'I-TY, > . The quality of being es-
ES-SEN'TIAL-NESS, j" sential ," first principles.
ES-SN'TIAL-LY, ad. Necessarily ; absolutely.
ES-TAB'LISH, v. t. To fix; to settle; to found;
to ratify ; to confirm.
ES-TlB'LISH-MENT, n. Settlement; etated sa-
lary ; regulation ; place of residence ; church sup-
ported by the state.
ES-TA-FET', \n. A military courier ; an express
ES-TA-FETTE', f of any kind. See STAFF.
ES-TATE', n. Condition of a person, whether high
or low ; property, especially land ; a body politic
or branch thereof.
ES-TEEM', v. t. To value highly; to regard with
respect and affection. See APPRECIATE, ESTIMATE.
ES-TEEM', n. High value in opinion ; regard.
ES-TEEM' A -BLE, a. Worthy of esteem.
ES-THET'I-eS, n. pi. The philosophy of taste, or
the deducing from nature and taste the rules and
principles of art.
ES'TI-MA-BLE, a. Worthy of esteem ; valuable.
ES'TI-MATE, v. t. To set a value on ; to reckon.
SYN. Esteem. We esteem a man for his moral
qualities ; we estimate persons or things accord-
ing to our views of their real value. The former
implies respect and attachment ; the latter is a
mere exercise of judgment or computation. See
APPRECIATE.
fiS'TI-MATE, n. Value set ; calculation.
ES-TI-MA'TION, n. A valuing; esteem; honour;
opinion.
STI-MA-TOE, n. One who estimates.
ES'TI-VAL, a. Pertaining to summer.
ES-TI-VA'TION, n. A passing of the summer ; dis-
position of petals in a floral bud.
ES-TOP', v. t. To bar ; to impede by one's own
act.
ES-TOPPED' (es-topf), a. Barred ; precluded by
one's own act.
ES-TOP'PEL, n. In law, some previous act which
estops or precludes a man from, making a given
plea or pretence.
ES-TO'VEES, n. pi. Necessaries or supplies ; allow-
ance.
ES-TRADE', n. [IV.] An even or level place.
ES-TEANGE', v. t. To keep at a distance ; to alien-
ate, as the affections ; to withdraw ; to withold.
ES-TEANGE'MENT, n. Alienation; reserve; vol-
untary abstraction.
ES-TRA-PADE', n. [Fr.] The rearing and kicking of
a horse.
ES-TEAY', n. A beast that has wandered from its
owner.
ES-TREAT', n. In law, a true copy or duplicate of
an original writing.
ES-TEEAT, t?. t. To copy ; to extract.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, Bf RD }
EST'tT-A-EY, n. An arm of the sea into which
falls a stream of fresh water ; a frith.
EST'Cr-ATE, v. i. To boil; to swell and rage; to
be agitated.
EST-U-A'TION, 7i. A boiling ; a swelling of water ;
commotion of mind.
E-SU'EI-ENT, a. Inclined to eat ; hungry.
ES'C-ElNE (gzh'yii-rm), a. Eating ; corroding.
E'TAT MA'JOR (a'ta ma'zhor), n. [^V.J Officers at-
M tached to the person of a commander.
ETC. or &c. foret ccetera; [L.] the rest; and so
forth.
ETCH, v. t. To make prints on copper-plate by
lines drawn and then corroded by nitric acid.
ETCH'ING, n. Impression from etched copper-
plate.
E-TEE'NAL (13), a. Without beginning or end;
ceaseless ; unchangeable ; endless ; n. an appella
tion of God. See EVERLASTING.
E-TEE'NAL-LY, ad. Perpetually; endlessly; in.
variably.
E-TEE'NI-TY, n. Duration without beginning or
end. [lize.
E-TER'NIZE, v. t. To make endless ; to immorta-
E-T'SIAN (e-te'zhan), a. Stated; periodical, as
winds.
E'THAL, n. A peculiar oily substance obtained
from spermaceti.
E'THEE, n. The subtile fluid supposed to fill space ;
a light, volatile, and most inflammable fluid, ob-
tained from alcohol.
E-THE'RE-AL, \a. Formed of or filled with
E-THE'RE-OUS, j ether; heavenly; celestial.
E-THE'RE-AL-IZE, v. t. To convert into ether ; to
render spiritual.
ETHTG, ")o. Eelating to morals or manners;
ETH'I-AL, $ treating of morality.
ETHT6-AL-LY, ad. According to ethics.
ETH'res, n. pi. Doctrines of morality ; science of
moral philosophy ; system of moral principles.
E-THl'-pTI-AN,} n ' A native of Ethiopia.
ETH'NAR!H, n. The governor of a province.
ETH'NI-6, -)o. Pagan; heathen; relating to
ETH'NI-6-AL, 5 the races of mankind.
ETH-N<3G'RA-PHER, ") n. One who writes on the
ETH-NOL'O-GIST, j different races of men.
ETH-NO-GEAPH'I-G, \a. Describing nations
ETH-N()-GEAPH'I-AL, i or tribes.
ETH-NOG'EA-PHY, n. An account of nations.
ETH-NO-LOG'I:-AL, a. Eelating to ethnology.
ETH-NOL'O-6Y, n. A treatise on nations.
ETH-O-LOG'I-AL, a. Treating of ethics.
E'TI-O-LATE, v. t. To whiten ; to blanch by ex-
cluding the sun's rays ; v. i. to become white ; to
be whitened or blanched.
E-TI-O-LA'TION, n. The process of being blanched
or becoming white by excluding the rays of the
sun.
ET'I-QUETTE' (gt'i-kgf), n. Forms of civility;
ceremony.
ET-UI' (et-we'), n. [IV.] A case for pocket instru-
ments.
into the origin
of words ; to treat of etymology.
ET-Y-MOL'O-GY, n. That part of philology which
explains the origin and derivation of words ; the
deduction of words from their originals, &c.
ET'Y-MON, n. A root or primitive word.
EO'-GHA-RIST (yu'ka-rist), n. The act of return-
ing thanks ; the sacrament of the Lord's Supper.
EO-HA-RIST'I, \a. Expressive of thanks ;
"0-HA-ElST'ie-AL,> pertaining to the Lord's
Supper.
EO-DI-OM'E-TEE, n. An instrument to ascertain
the purity of air or its quantity of oxygen.
EU'LO-GIST (yu'lo-jist), n. One who commends oz
praises another.
Etf-LO-GlST'K!, -)a. Full of praise ; oommen-
E0-LO-G1ST'I-AL, ) datory.
ETJL
153
EVI
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BTTLL J VICIOUS. -6 as K j & &3 J J 8 as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
_ [, n. A eulogy.
EO'LO-GIZE (yu'lo-jlze), v. t. To praise highly; t
commend.
EO'LO-GY, n. Marked or studied praise ; a speea
or writing in commendation of some one. SYN
Encomium; panegyric. The word encomium i
used both to persons and things, and denote
warm praise ; eulogium and eulogy apply only t
persons, and are more prolonged and studied ;
panegyric was originally a set speech in a full as
sembly of the people, and hence denotes a mor
formal eulogy, couched in terms of warm and con
tinuous praise.
EU'NUGH (yu'nuk), n. A castrated man ; a cham
berlain.
EU'NUH-ISM, n. The state of a eunuch.
EC'PHE-MISM (yu'fe-mizm), n. A delicate wore
or expression used for one that is harsh or offen
sive.
EO-PHONTG, ) a. Having a pleasing sound
E O-PHON'K! -AL, J agreeable to the ear .
EO-PHO'NI-OUS, a. Agreeable in the sound.
EO'PHO-NISM (yu'fo-nizm), n. An agreeable com
bination of sounds.
EtKPHO-NY (-yu'fo-ny), -n. An easy, smooth, enun
ciation which is agreeable to the ear.
EC'PHRA-SY, ?i. Eyebright.
EO'PHU-ISM (yu'fu-izm), n. An affected, bom
bastic expression.
EU'PHU-IST (yu'fu-ist), n. One who affects great
refinement and uses high-flown diction.
EtT-RO'LY-DON, n. A tempestuous easterly
wind.
EU'ROPE, n. The great quarter of the earth be
tween the Atlantic and Asia.
EtT-RO-PE'AN, o. Pertaining to Europe ; n. a na-
tive of Europe.
EU'RUS, n. [i.] The east wind.
EC-TER'PE-AN, a. Relating to Euterpe, the muse
presiding over wind instruments.
EtT-THAN'A-SY, 71. An easy death.
EC-TtH'I-ANS, n. pi. Followers of Eutychus,
who held that the divine and human natures oi
Christ formed but one nature.
E-VACJ'tJ-ANT, n. A medicine that procures or
promotes natural evacuations.
E-VA-e'C-ATE, v. t. To empty ; to void ; to eject;
to quit.
E-VA-tr-A'TION, n. Act of ejecting or making
empty ; discharge ; withdrawal.
E-VADE', v. t. To avoid by dexterity. SYN. To
elude ; escape ; shun ; flee ; v. i. to slip away ; to
attempt to escape by artifice.
EV-A-GA'TION, n. A wandering or rambling.
EV-A-NES'CENCE, n. A vanishing ; a gradual de-
parture from sight or possession.
EV-A-NS'CENT, o. Fleeting ; passing away.
E-VAN-GL'I-AL, a. According to the Gospel;
contained in the Gospel ; sound in the doctrines
of the Gospel.
E-VAN-GEL'1-!AL-LY, ad. In conformity with
the Gospel.
E-VAN'GEL-ISM, n. Promulgation of the Gospel.
E-VAN'GEL-IST, 71. One of the writers of the
history of our Saviour; one who preaches the
Gospel.
E-VAN'GEL-IZE, v. t. To instruct in the Gospel;
v. i. to preach the Gospel.
E-VAP'O-R A-BLE, a. That may be evaporated.
E-VAP'O-RATE, v. i. To pass off in vapour ; to be
dissipated ; v . t. to convert into vapour.
E-VAP-O-RA'TION, n. Conversion of a fluid into
vapour.
E-VAP'O-RA-TlVE, a. Pertaining to or producing
evaporation.
E-VA'SION (-va'zhun), n. Act of avoiding; artifice
to_elude. SYN. Shift ; subterfuge ; shuffling.
E-VA'SlVE, o. Shuffling ; using or containing equi-
vocation or evasion.
E-VA SlVE-LY, ad. By means of evasion.
IvVI-]'TION, n. A carrying out or away. In as-
tronomy, a change of form in the moou's orbit.
E'VEN (e'vn) (53), } n. The close of the day even-
EVE, J ing. Eve is used chiefly in
poetry, also for the fast or the evening before a
holi
oliday, as Christmas ere.
E'VEN (e'vn), a. Level; smooth; flat; uniform;
calm ; settled ; equal ; that can be divided into
two equal parts.
E'VEN (e'vn), v. t. To make level or smooth; to
balance accounts.
E'V.EN (e'vn), ad. At the same time ; likewise ;
in like manner.
E'VEN-HAND'ED, a. Just ; impartial.
E'VEN-ING (e'vn-ing), n. The latter part or close
of the day.
E'V.EN-ING-STAR (e'vn-ing), n. Hesperus or
Vesper ; Venus when visible in the evening.
ETEN-LY (e'vn-ly), ad. Equally; uniformly;
smoothly.
E'VEN-NESS (e'vn-ness), n. Levelness ; calmness ;
uniformity ; impartiality.
E'V-BN-SONG (e'vn-), n. A song to be sung at
evening.
E-VENT, n. That which comes ; end ; conse-
quence ; that which falls out, good or bad. SYN.
Incident ; occurrence ; adventure ; issue ; re-
sult ; termination ; conclusion.
E-VENT'FUL, a. Full of incidents or changes.
E'VEN-TIDE, n. Time of evening.
E-VEN'TI-LATE, v.i. To winnow; to discuss.
E-VENT'CT-AL (e-vent'yu-al), a. Coming as a re-
sult ; ultimate.
E-VENT-0-AL'I-TY, n. That organ which takes
cognizance of occurrences or events.
E-VENT'C-AL-LY, ad. In the event ; in the final
result or issue.
E-VENT'(J-ATE, v. i. To issue ; to close; to ter-
^ minate.
EVER, ad. At any time ; always ; eternally. Ever
and anon, now and then. Ever, in composition,
has the sense of always, without intermission or
to eternity.
EV'ER-GLADE, n. A tract of land covered by
water, and interspersed with tufts of grass.
EVER-GREEN, n. A plant that retains its verdure
through the year.
EV-ER-LAST'ING, a. Continuing without end;
immortal ; n. eternity ; the popular name of a
plant. SYN. Eternal. Eternal denotes that which
has neither beginning nor end ; everlasting is
sometimes used in our version of the Scriptures
in the sense of eternal ; but in modern usage each
word has its distinctive meaning, and these
ought not to be confounded.
EV-ER-LlVING, a. Living always ; immortal.
EV-ER-MORE', ad. Always j eternally; at all
times.
E-VER'SION (-ver'shun) , n. The act of overthrow-
ing ; a disease in which the eye-lids are turned
outward.
E-VERT', v. t. To overturn ; to destroy.
5VER-Y, a. Each one of a whole number sepa-
rately considered.
EVER-Y-DAY, a. Used or occurring every day ;
common.
EV-ER-YOtTNG' (-yung 7 ), a. Always young or fresh.
EVER-Y-WHERE (12), ad. In every place ; in all
places.
E-VlT', v. t. To dispossess ; to take away.
E-Vi-G'TION (-vik'shun), n. Dispossession; ejec-
tion.
VI-DENCE, . That which proves or shows
facts ; testimony ; witness.
5VI-DENCE, v. t. To show ; to prove.
"" VI-DENT, a. Clear to the understanding ; plain ;
open to be seen.
E V-I-DEN'TIAL (-dSn'shal) , a. Affording evidence.
:VI-DENT-LY, ad. Clearly; obviously.
j'VIL (e'vl), a. Having bad qualities, either natu-
ral or moral ; producing sorrow, calamity, or
wickedness. SYN. Unfortunate ; unhappy ; mis-
chievous ; pernicious ; injurious ; hurtful ; de-
structive; wicked; perverse; wrong; vicioua.
EVI
154
EXC
i, S, Ac., long. I, S, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST
E'VIL (e'vl), n. Natural evil, as pain ; moral evil ;
a violation of what is right ; calamity ; misfor-
tune; wickedness.
E'VIL (e'yl), ad. Not well; not virtuously. In
composition, something bad or wrong, often con-
tracted to ill.
E'VIL-AF-FE!T'ED, a. Ill-disposed.
E'VIL-DO'ER, rv. A malefactor ; a criminal.
E'VTL-EtE, n. A supposed power of fascinating,
bewitching, or injuring by evil looks, &c.
E'VIL-EY-ED (-ide), o. Looking with envy, jea-
lousy, or bad feeling.
E'VIL-NESS (e'vl-ness), n. Badness; vicious-
ness.
E'VIL-SPEAK'IN'G, n. Defamation ; slander.
E-VlNCE', v. t. To prove ; to show ; to make
plain.
E-VlN'CI-BLE, a. That may be made evident.
E-VlN'ClVE, a. Tending to prove.
E-VlS'CER-ATE, v. t. To take out the bowels.
EV'I-TA-BLE, a. That may be avoided.
EV-O-^A'TION, n. A calling forth or out.
E-YOKE', v. t. To call forth ; to appeal.
EV-O-LA'TION, n. A flying away.
EV-O-LC'TION, n. An unfolding ; change of po-
sition. In algebra, the extraction of roots from
powers ; in military tactics, certain motions by
which the disposition of troops is changed.
EV-O-LU'TION-A-EY, a. Pertaining to evolu-
tion.
E-VCJLVE', v. t. To unfold; to disentangle; to
emit ; v. i. to open itself; to disclose itself.
E-VDL'SION (-vul'shun), n. Act of plucking out or
away.
EWE (yu), n. A female sheep.
EWER (yu'er), n. A large pitcher for water.
EX [Xr.], a prefix, signifies outo/or/rom. Also, out
of office, as an ex-governor.
EX-AC'EE-BATE, v. t. To irritate; to embitter ; to
increase malignant qualities.
EX-AC-EE-BA'TION, n. The act of exasperating ;
increase of virulence; a periodical increase of
violence in a disease.
EX-AC-ER-BES'CENCE, n. Increase of irritation
or of fever.
EX-A-6T' (egz-akt'), a. Closely correct or regular;
without any omission or negligence ; punctual.
STN. Accurate; precise; nice; methodical; care-
ful. See ACCURATE.
EX-A-GT' (egz-akf), v. t. To demand ; to require ;
to extort.
EX-AT', v. i. To practise extortion.
EX- ACTION (egz-ak'shun), n. Act of extorting ;
any thing extorted.
EX-A-GT'LY (egz-aktly), ad. Accurately; nicely;
EX-AT'NESS, n. Accuracy ; nicety.
EX-AT'OR, n. An officer who collects tribute.
EX-AfrGER-ATE (egz-aj'er-ate), v. t. To enlarge
beyond the truth ; in painting, to heighten in
colouring or design.
EX-AG-GEE-A'TION, n. Amplification beyond
truth.
EX-ALT' (egz-awlf), v. t. To lift high ; to extol ;
to magnify.
EX-AL-TA'TION (egz-awl-ta'tion), n. A raising;
elevation.
EX-ALT'ED, pp. or a. Elevated ; magnified; very
high ; superior ; dignified ; sublime.
EX-AM-IN-A'TION, n. Act of examining ; careful
search or inquiry ; disquisition. In judicial pro-
ceedings, a careful inquiry into facts by testimony.
In schools, colleges, &c., an inquiry into the pro-
ficiency of students by questions in literature and
the sciences. In science, a searching into the na-
ture and qualities of substances by experiment.
STN. Search ; inquiry ; scrutiny ; investigation ;
research; inquisition.
EX-AM'INE (egz-am-in), v. t. To inspect with
care ; to search into ; to inquire ; to try.
EX-AM'IN-ER, n. One who searches into or in-
spects.
FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TKRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
EX-AM'PLE (egz-am'pl), n. Something propo.^.-l
for imitation ; a pattern or model ; something ad-
duced by way of proof or illustration, as an exam-
ple of some rule. SYN. Instance. Any thing
brought forward as an example must represent a
class of objects ; an instance may be a single and
solitary case. A man's life may present many ex-
amples of virtue, with only one i?istance of depar-
ture from rectitude.
EX-AN'I-MATE. a. Dead; lifeless; dejected.
EX-AN-THEOVIA, n. ; pi. EX-AN-THEM'A-TA. Erup-
tion ; a breaking out,
EX'AR!H (eks'ark), n. A prefect; governor; de-
EX-A.E*eH'ATE, n. Office or administration of an
exarch.
EX-AS'PEE-ATE (egz-as'per-ate), v. t. To make
very angry ; to provoke ; to aggravate ; to in-
crease violence; to embitter. SYN. To irritate;
enrage ; inflame ; excite ; rouse.
EX-AS'PER-ATE, \a. Provoked; embitttered;
EX-AS'PER-A-TED, ) inflamed.
EX-AS-PER-A'TION, n. Irritation; a making
angry ; increase of violence.
EX-AN-pES'CENCE, n. A glowing or white
heat ; violent an:rer.
EX-eAN-DES'CENT, a. White with heat.
EX-GAE'NATE, v. t. To deprive of flesh.
EX'-GA-VATE, v. t. To hollow ; to cut, dig, or wear
out the inner part of any thing.
EX-GA-VA'TION, n. Act of making hollow; a
cavity.
fiX'!A-VA-TOR, n. One who excavates; a ma-
chine for digging or scraping out hollows.
EX-CEED' (ek-seed'), v. t. To go beyond; to out-
go in some desirable quality. SYN. To surpass ;
outdo ; excel ; outvie ; v. i. to go too far ; to go
beyond any given limit, &c.
EX-CEED'ING, n. Great in quantity; very ex-
tensive.
EX-CEED'ING-LY, ad. To a great degree; very
much.
EX-CEL' (ek-sM'), v. t. To go beyond; to surpass
in good qualities ; to outdo ; v. i. to have superior
qualities ; to be eminent.
EX'CEL-LENCE (Sk'sel-lence), n. Superior good-
ness or greatness. SYN. Worth; valne; superior-
ity ; dignity ; perfection.
X'CEL-LEN-CY, n. Great value j a title of hon-
our.
EX'CEL-LENT, a. Very good; having great
surpassing. SYN. Worthy; exquisite; valuable;
choice; prime; select; distinguished.
fiX'CEL-LfcNT-LY, ad. In an excellent degree.
EX-CEL'SI-OR, [L.] More elevated; aiming
higher.
EX-CKN'TRK!. See ECCENTRIC.
EX-CEPT' (ek-st>pf), prep. Exclusive of; this was
originally the imperative of the verb except, mean-
ing tafce out, exclude, unless. SYN. But. Both
these words are used in excluding, but except does
it more pointedly.
EX-CEPT', v. t. To take out ; to exempt ; to object ;
v. i. to make objections.
EX-CEPTION (e'k-s6p'shun), n. Something taken
out; exclusion; an objection; offence.
EX-CEP'TION-A-BLE, a. Liable to objec-
tions.
EX-CEP'TION-AL, a. Forming or making an ex-
ception.
EX-eEPTIONT-LESS, o. Not liable to objec-
tions.
EX-CEP'TIOUS (ek-sep'shus), a. Disposed or apt
to cavil.
EX-CfiP'TlVE, a. Including an exception.
EX-CEP'TOR, n. One who objects.
EX-CERN', v. t. To emit through the pores ; to ex-
crete ; to strain out.
EX-CKRPT 7 , n. A passage or article extracted.
EX-CESS' (ek-s6ss ; ), n. What is above measure;
surplus; improper indulgence; intemperance;
extravagance.
EXC
155
EXE
D6v, WOLF, BOOK ; BULE, BTJLL ; VICIOUS.
EX-CESS'IVE, a. Exceeding just limits, or the
common measure or proportion. SYN. Extreme ;
vehement. Anger or any other feeling may be
extreme or vehement without being of necessity
wrong ; the occasion may justify it ; but to be ex-
cessively angry, or excessive in any thing, involves
a want of self-command which is blameworthy.
See ENORMOUS.
EX-CESS'lVE-LY, ad. Exceedingly; eminently.
EX-CHAN'CEL-LOR, . One who has been chan-
cellor.
EX-CHAN&E', v. t. To give one thing for another ;
to lay aside one state or condition and to take
another in its place. SYN. To change; inter-
change ; commute ; barter.
EX-CHANGE', n. Act of bartering; place where
merchants meet ; difference between the value of
money in two places. In mercantile language, a
bill drawn for money is called exchange instead of
a bill of exchange. The course of exchange is the
current price between two places.
EX-CHANGE-A-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality or state
of being exchangeable.
EX-CHANG E'A-BLE, a. That may be exchanged.
EX-CHANG'ER, n. A person who exchanges.
EX-CHEQ'UER (eks-chgk'er), n. A court having
exclusive jurisdiction in all revenue cases.
EX-CHEQ'UER-BILLS, n. Bills for money issned
from the Exchequer ; a paper currency, bearing
interest, issued by the Government.
EX-CIS'A-BLE, a. Subject to excise.
EX-CISE' Cek-slze'), n. A tax or duty on the com-
modities of a country, and on certain licences to
trade.
EX-CISE', v. t. To subject to the duty of excise.
EX-ClSE'MAN, n. One who inspects and rates the
duty on goods.
EX-CIS1ON (ek-sizh'un), n. A cutting off; extir-
pation ; utter destruction.
EX-CI-TA-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being excited ;
susceptibility of increased action by stimulants.
EX-CIT'A-BLE, a. That can be roused into ac-
tion.
EX-CI-TA'TION, n. Act of exciting or rousing ; the
action of stimulants on the living body.
EX-C1TA-TO-RY, o. Having the power or tending
to excite.
EX-CITE', v. t. Literally, to stir up ; hence, to call
into action ; to raise still higher. SYN. To incite.
When we excite, we rouse into action feelings which
were less strong ; when we incite, we urge forward
to acts correspondent to the feelings awakened.
Demosthenes excited the passions of the Athenians
against Philip, and thus incited the whole nation
to unite in the war against him.
EX-CITE'MENT, n. Act of rousing; state of in-
creased action ; that which stirs up or induces ac-
tion.
EX-CIT'ER, n. He who or that which excites.
EX-CLAIM' (eks-klame'), v. i. To utter the voice
with vehemence ; v . t. to cry out.
EX-LAIM'ER, n. One who makes vehement out-
cries; one who speaks with passion.
EX-eLA-MA'TION, n. Clamour; strong utterance ;
a note marking emphatical outcry, thus (!). In
grammar, a word expressing outcry or interjec-
tion.
EX-LAM'A-TlVE, ) a. Using or containing ex-
EX LAM'A-TO-RY, f clamatior..
EX-GLUDE' (eks-klude'), v. t. To shut out; debar;
to except ; to eject.
EX-GLC'^ION (eks-klu'zhun), n. Rejection; ex-
ception ; a debarring ; non-reception.
EX-<JLD'S1VE, a. That excludes; debarring; not
taking into the account ; not including ; n. one of
a coterie who exclude others.
EX-eLC'SlVE-LY, ad. To the exclusion of others ;
not inclusively.
EX-GLO'SO-RY, a. Able to exclude ; exclusive.
EX-OG'I-TATE, v. t. To strike out in thought ;
to invent ; to contrive.
EX-OG-I-TA'TION, n. Thought; invention.
as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
EX-eOM-MC'NI-A-BLE, a. Liable or deserving
to be excommunicated.
EX-COM-MC'NI-CATE, v. t. To exclude from
church communion.
EX--eOM-MU'NI--eATE, a. Rejected from com-
munion.
EX-OM-MU-NI-A'TIOISr, n. The act of exclud-
ing from the ordinances of the church.
EX-)0'RI-ATE (eks-), v. t. To flay; to wear or
strip off skin or bark ; to gall.
EX-eO-RI-A'TION, n. A flaying, rubbing, or strip-
ping off skin.
EX--GOR-TI-C A'TIOlSr, n. Act of stripping off bark.
EX'CRE-MENT (eks'-), n. Matter discharged; aL
vine discharges ; dung.
EX-CRE-MENT-AL, a. Pertaining to excrement.
EX--6 RE-MEN 'Tl"TIOUS (eks-kre-men-tish'us), a.
Consisting of excrement.
EX-RES'CENCE (eks-), n. Preternatural growth
or protuberance ; a preternatural production ; in
surgery, a prominent tumour on the skin, &c.
EX-GRES'CENT, a. Growing out unnaturally ;
superfluous.
EX-CRETE', v. t. To separate and throw off; tc
discharge through the pores.
EX-CRE'TION (eks-kre'shun),n. Discharge through
the pores ; that which is so discharged.
EX'-CRE-TiVE (C-ks'-), a. Having the power of
separating and ejecting fluid matter from the
body.
EX'-CRE-TO-RY (Sks'-), o. Throwing off useless
matter ; n. a little duct for secreting a fluid ; a
secretory vessel.
EX-RU'CIATE, v. t. To torture ; to torment ; to
rack.
EX-RU'CIA-TING, a. Extremely painful ; dis-
tressing ; tormenting.
EX-CtJL'PA-BLE, a. That may be cleared of
blame.
EX-tTL'PATE, v. t. To clear by words from fault
or guilt ; to justify.
EX-CUL-PA'TION, n. Excuse; justification.
EX-COL'PA-TO-RY, a. Clearing from blame.
EX-COR'SION (eks-kttr'shun), -n. Literally, a run-
ning forth ; a deviation from the regular path ; q
pleasure tour ; a turning aside from the main
topic. SYN. Ramble ; tour ; trip ; digression.
EX--C0R'SIVE, a. Rambling ; wandering.
EX-eDR'SiVE-LY, ad. As if wandering.
EX-CUR'SUS, n. [L.] Digression. Among theolo-
gical writers, a more full exposition of some im-
portant point or doctrine ; a dissertation.
EX-etTS'A-BLE (eks-ku'za-bl), a. Pardonable.
EX-tJS'A-BLY, ad. Pardonably.
EX-et)'SA-TO-RY, a. Apologetical.
EX--GUSE' (eks-kuze'), v. t. To pardon; to justify;
to free from blame ; to relieve from an obligation ;
to admit an apology for ; to remit.
EX--CDSE' (eks-kuce'), n. A plea offered in extenua-
tion of some neglect or violation of duty; that
which excuses. SYN. Apology. An excuse refers
to what is wrong ; an apology to what is unbecom-
ing or indecorous. A pupil offers an excuse for ab-
sence, and an apology for rudeness to his instruc-
tor. When an excuse has been accepted, an apology
may still, in some cases, be necessary or appro-
priate.
EX'E-AT, n. [L. Let him go out.] Leave of absence to
a student or priest.
EX'E-CRA-BLE, a. Deserving to be cursed; very
hateful. SYN. Detestable; abominable; odious.
X'E-RA-BLY, ad. Cursedly; abominably.
EX'E-!RATE (6ks'e-krate), v. t. To curse; to de-
test utterly ; to abhor ; to abominate.
EX-E-RA'TION, n. Act of cursing ; a curse pro-
nounced; malediction; utter detestation.
EX'E-eCTE (Cks'e-kute), v. t. To carry into effect ;
to perform ; to put to death ; to complete in
legal form, as a conveyance. SYN. To accom-
plish ; carry out ; effect ; fulfil ; achieve ; consum-
mate; finisl'.
EX'E-C-TER, n. One who carries into effect.
EXE
156
EXO
I, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
EX-E-60'TION, 7i. Performance; the act of com
pleting ; in law, the carrying into effect the judg
ment of court ; the warrant by which an office
carries into effect a judgment ; the signing anc
sealing a legal instrument ; infliction of death as
a punishment.
EX-E-U'TION-EE, n. One who puts to death by
law ; he who kills.
EX-E-e'0-TIVE (egz-5k'yu-tiv), a. Having power
to act ; carrying into effect.
EX-E'C-T1VE, 71. The person or power that exe
cutes the law, or administers the government
the supreme authority.
EX-E'C-TOE (egz-ek'yu-tor), n. One who exe
cutes ; one who settles" the estate of a testator.
EX-E-C-TO'EI-AL, a. Pertaining to an executor
EX-E'0-TOE-SHIP, 71. The office of executor.
EX-E'0-TO-EY, a. Performing official duties;
to be performed in future.
EX-E-e'CT-TEIX, 7i. A female executor of a will.
EX-E-G'SIS, 7i. Exposition ; science of interpre
tation.
EX-E-GET'I!-AL, o. Explanatory; pertaining to
exegesis.
EX-E-GET'I-AL-LY, ad. By way of exposition.
EX-EM'PLAE (egz-em'plar), 71. Copy; pattern;
the ideal model which an artist attempts to imi-
tate.
EX'EM-PLA-RI-LY, ad. By way of example.
EX'EM-PLA-EY (&gz'-), a. Serving fora pattern;
worthy of imitation ; adapted to admonish.
EX-EM-PLI-FI-A'TION, TI. Illustration by ex-
ample ; a copy ; transcript ; attested copy.
EX-EM'PLI-Fl-EE, TI. One who exemplifies.
EX-EM'PLI-F? (egz-), v. t. To illustrate by ex-
ample ; to take an attested copy ; to prove or
show by such a copy.
EX-EMPT' (egz-gmf), a. Free ; not subject to ; n.
one who is not subject or liable.
EX-EMPT', v. t. To free from something to which
others are subjected; to grant immunity from.
SYN. To privilege; release ; deliver ; exonerate.
EX-EMP'TION (egz-ernp'shunj, n. Freedom from
something to which others are subject or liable.
SYN. Immunity; release; discharge; dismissal.
EX-E-QUA'TUR, n. [L.] A written recognition of
a person as a consul.
EX'E-QUIES (Cks'e-kwiz), n. pi. Funeral solemni-
ties.
EX'EE-CIS-A-BLE (c-ks'-), a. That may be used,
employed, or exerted.
EX'EE-ClSE (6ks'er-size), n. Use; practice; exer-
tion for the sake of health ; task.
EX'EE-ClSE (Sks'er-size), v. t. To move or cause
to act, as the body ; to exert or use ; to practise ;
to train ; to task ; to busy ; v. i. to use action or
exertion.
EX-EE-CI-TA'TION, n. Exercise ; practice.
EX-EEGUE' (13) (egz-erg'), n. The place on a coin
or medal, outside the figures, for the date or
other inscription.
EX-EET' (13) (egz-erf), v. t. To use strength ; to
strain ; to put forth.
EX-EE'TION, TI, Effort ; act of exerting ; a strug-
fle. See ENDEAVOUR.
-FO'LI-ATE, v. i. To come off in scales; to
scale off.
EX-FO-LI-A'TION, 71. The scaling of a bone, &c.
EX-HAL'A-BLE (egz-), a. That may be exhaled.
EX-HA-LATION, n. The act or process of exhal-
ing ; vapour ; that which is exhaled.
EX-HALE' (60) (egz-hale'), v. t. To send out, as
vapour, &c. ; to draw out ; to evaporate.
EX-HAUST' (60) (egs-awsf), v. t. To draw or
drain off the whole ; to empty ; to draw out ; to
expend.
EX-HAUSTI-BLE (egs-hawst'e-bl), a. That may
be exhausted.
EX-HAUS'TION (60) (egs-hawst'yun), n. Act of
emptying ; state of being exhausted.
EX-HAUST'LESS (egz-), o. That cannot be
emptied.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TBRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
EX-HEE-E-DA'TION, TI. In civil law, a disinherit-
ing.
EX-HlBIT (60) (egz-Mb'it), v. t. To present to
view ; to administer ; to show ; to display.
EX-HIB'IT (egz-), n. A paper produced as a
voucher ; a sworn deed certified to.
EX-HIB'IT-EE (egz-), n. One who exhibits.
EX-HI-BI"TION (eks-he-blsh'un), n. The act of
exhibiting; a presenting to view ; display; public
show ; an allowance or pension.
EX-HI-BI"TION-EE (eks-), n. One who has a pen-
sion granted.
EX-HIB'IT-lVE (egz-Wb'it-iv), a. Eepresentative.
EX-HlL'A-EANT, a. Exciting joy, mirth, or glad-
ness ; TI. that which produces mirth or pleasure.
EX-HlL'A-EATE (egz-hil'a-rate), i>. t. To make
cheerful or merry.
EX-HIL-A-EA'TION, n. The act of making glad;
the state of being cheerful.
EX-HOET' (60), (egz-horf), v. t. To advise or per-
suade; to urge; v. t. to use words or arguments
to incite to good deeds.
EX-HOE-TA'TION, n. Act of exhorting; advice;
counsel ; incitement to good.
EX-HOE'TA-TO-EY, o. Tending to exhort.
EX-HOET'EE, TI. One who advises or exhorts.
EX-HU-MA'TIOET, n. Act of disinterring; the
digging up of any thing buried.
EX-HOME', v. t. To dig out of the earth what has
been buried ; to disinter.
fiX'I-GENCE, ) ,v Va n fn. Pressing necessity ;
EX'I-GEN-CY, f ( '' \ want ; occasion.
EX'I-6l-BLE, a. That may be exacted.
EX'ILE (6ks'ne). n. Banishment ; a person ban-
ished.
EX'ILE (eks'ile), v. t. To banish to a foreign coun-
try; to drive from one's country.
fiX-ILE' o. Slender ; fine ; smalL
EX-IN-A-Nl"TION, n. Emptiness ; privation.
EX-1ST' (egz-Isf), y. i. To be ; to live ; to remain;
to continue in being. [duration.
EX-IST'ENCE, TI. Being; state of having life;
EX-IST^ENT, a. Having being or life.
EX'IT (eks'it), n. [i.] A going out; departure;
death.
EX-M1N'IS-TER, n. One lately a minister.
EX'O-DUS (eks'o-dus), n. Departure, as of the Is-
raelites from Egypt ; the second book of Moses.
EX-0(j'E-NOUS (egs-oj'e-nus), a. Growing by suc-
cessive additions to the outside of the wood.
EX-ON'EE-ATE (egz-), v. t. To free or disbur-
den. SYN. To relieve ; exculpate ; clear ; acquit ;
absolve, which see.
EX-ON-EE-A'TION, n. A disburdening ; a freeing
from a charge.
EX-ON'EE-A-TlVE, o. Freeing from obligation.
EX'0-EA-BLE (eks'o-ra-blj, a. That may be moved
by entreaty.
EX-OE'BI-TANCE, ") , CT _ ^ f n. Extravagance ;
X-OE'BI-TAN-CY, $ ^ gz ' } \ excessiveness ; en-
ormity
EX-OE'BI-TANT, a. Excessive ; unreasonable ; un-
due ; enormous.
EX'OE-CISE (Sks'-), v. t. To expel, as evil spirits,
by conjuration ; to dejiver from evil influences.
EX'OR-CISM, 71. The expulsion of evil spirits by
certain ceremonies. [spirits.
EX'OE-CIST (eks'-), n. One who casts out evil
DX-OE'DI-AL (egz-), a. Beginning; introductory.
EX-OE'DI-TJM (egz-), n. ; pi. EX-OR'CI-UMS or Ex-
SR'DI-A. Introduction or preamble ; preface.
X'OS-MOSE, n. The passage outward of rarer fluids
through porous media, as animal membrane, into
a denser fluid ; opposite of endosmose.
EX-OE-NA'TION (eks-), o. Ornament ; embellish-
EX-O-TfiE'I! (eks-), a. External ; applied to doc-
trines taught publicly ; opposed to esoteric or se-
cret.
EX-OT'IG (egz-5t'ik), a. Foreign; not native; n.
a foreign plant or production.
EX-OTT-CISM, n. The state of being exotic.
EXP 157
DOVB, WQLP, BOQK ; Et^LE, BFLL ; Vl"CIOTJS.-
v. t. To open; to spread; to dilute.
EX-PANSE' (eks-pance'), n. A wide extent of space;
a spreading out.
EX-PAN-SI-BIL'I-TY (eks-), n. Capacity of exten-
sion in surface or bulk.
EX-PAN'SI-BLE, ") a. That can be extended, dil-
EX-PAN'SILE, $ ated, or diffused.
EX-PAN'SION (eks-pan'shun), n. Act of spreading
out ; extent ; enlargement ; in commerce, increase
of issues of bank-notes.
EX-PAN'SlVE, a. Having power to expand or be
expanded ; wide ; widely extended.
fiX-PAN'SlVE-NESS, n. The quality of being
spread, diffused, &c.
EX-PA'TIATE (eks-pa'shate), v. i. To rove; to en-
large upon in discourse or argument.
EX-PA'TEI-ATE (5ks-), v. t. To banish from one's
native country.
EX-PA-TEI-A'TION, n. Banishment ; the quitting
of one's country and the renunciation of allegi-
ance.
EX-PE-GT' (eks-pekf), v. t. To look for or antici-
pate ; to look for as what must be done, as pay-
ment will be expected when the note is due. Ex-
pect always relates to the future. To use it for
think or believe, with reference to the past or pre-
sent is an error which ought to be studiously
avoided.
EX-PECTANCE, \n. Act or state of expecting;
EX-PET'AN-CY, j something expected; hope.
EX-PET'ANT, a. Waiting; looking for; n. one
who is waiting for ; one held in dependence by the
belief or hope of future benefit.
EX-PEC-TATION, n. A looking or waiting for;
object of expectation.
EX-PT'EE, 7i. One who looks or waits for.
EX-P'TO-EANT, a. Having the quality ot pro-
moting discharges from the lungs; n. a medicine
that promotes discharges from the lungs.
EX-PE-6'TO-EATE, v. t. To discharge from the
lungs or trachea and its branches.
EX-PE-TO-EA'TION, n. Act of discharging from
the lungs, &c. ; matter so ejected.
EX-PE'DI-ENCE, ~) , , , Cn. Fitness or suita-
EX-P'DI-EN-CY, ; (eks ''> ( bleness to some
good end or purpose ; propriety ; advantage ;
usefulness.
EX-PE'DI-ENT, a. Fit; proper; suitable; useful.
EX-PE'DI-ENT, 7i. Way or means to an end.
EX-PE'DI-ENT-LY, ad. Fitly ; with advantage.
EX'PE-DITE, v. t. To hasten ; to quicken ; to ren-
der easy. SYN. To despatch; press forward; ac-
celerate ; precipitate ; facilitate.
EX'PE-DITE-LY, ad. Promptly ; readily.
EX-PE-D1"TION (eks-pe-dish'un), n. Haste; des-
patch ; the march of an army or voyage of a fleet
with hostile intentions ; an enterprise by a num-
ber of persons, &c.
EX-PE-Di"TIOUS (eks-pe-dish'us), a. Acting with
celerity ; done with despatch. SYN. Quick ;
speedy; nimble; prompt; hasty.
EX-PE-DFTIOU3-LY, ad. Speedily ; with celerity
or despatch. [to banish.
EX-PEL' (eks-), v. t. To drive out; to force away ;
EX-PL'LA-BLE, a. That may be driven out.
EX-PEND 7 (eks-), v. t. To spend; to lay out; to
consume ; to waste.
EX-PEN' DI-TCEE, 1 n. Act of spending ; sum laid
EX-PENSE', $ out; cost; expense; dis-
bursement ; charge ; waste.
EX-PENSE'LESS, a. Free from expense.
EX-PEN'SlVE, a. Requiring much expense ; given
to expenso. SYN. Dear ; high-priced ; costly.
EX-PEN'SlVE-LY, ad. At great cost or charge.
EX-PE'EI-ENCE (eks-) , n. Trial or series of trials ;
result of trials ; knowledge from trials or practice.
EX-PE'EI-ENCE, v. t. To try or know by trial or
practice ; to suffer.
EX-PE'EI-ENCD (eks-pe're-enst), a. Taught by
experience ; skilful.
EX-PEE'I-MENT (eks-), n. Trial ; essay ; an act or
operation for proving some fact or principle.
EXP
as K ; & as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
EX-PEE'I-MENT, v. i. To make trial ; to search by
trial ; v. t. to know by trial.
EX-PEE-I-MNT'AL, a. Based on experiment;
taught or derived from experience.
EX-PEE-I-MENTAL-LY, ad. By trial or experi-
ence.
EX-PfiE'I-MENT-EE, . One who makes experi-
ments ; one skilled in experiments.
EX-PEET' (13) (eks-), a. Taught by practice.
SYN. Skilful ; dexterous ; ready ; prompt ; clever ;
n. a person well skilled by practice in some busi-
ness or art.
EX-PEET'LY, ad. Dexterously ; skilfully.
EX-PEET'NESS, n. Skill derived from practice;
readiness; dexterity.
X'PI-A-BLE, a. That may be expiated.
EX'PI-ATE (6ks-), v. t. To atone for, as a crime;
to make satisfaction for ; to make reparation.
EX-PI-A'TION, 71. Atonement ; satisfaction ; the
act of atoning for a crime ; the means by which
atonement is made.
EX'PI-A-TOEY, a. That makes expiation.
EX-PI-EA'TION (eks-), n. Act of breathing out;
end ; death ; evaporation ; vapour.
EX-PI'EA-TO-EY. a. Pertaining to the emission
of breath.
EX-PIE E' (eks-pireO, v. t. To throw breath from
the lungs ; to exhale ; v. i. to emit the last breath ;
to perish ; to come to an end ; to die.
EX-PIS CATE, v. t.. To investigate.
EX-PLAIN' (eks-), v. t. To make plain; to free
from obscurity ; v. i. to give explanations. SYN.
To clear up ; elucidate ; illustrate ; interpret.
EX-PLAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be made plain.
EX-PLA-NA'TION, 71. Act of making plain ; inter-
pretation; a mutual exposition of meaning or
motives ; reconciliation. SYN. Explication ; n-
terpretation ; illustration; recital; detail. See
DEFINITION.
EX-PLAN'A-TO-EY, a. Serving to explain.
EX'PLE-TlVE (gks'ple-tiv), n. A word or syllable
inserted to fill a vacancy or for ornament ; a. fill-
ing ; added for supply.
EX'PLE-TO-EY, a. Serving to fill.
EX'PLI-GA-BLE (Sks'ple-ka-bl), a. That can be
explained.
EX'PLI-ATE, v. t. To unfold ; to show ; to ex-
plain ; to clear of difficulties.
EX-PLI-A'TION, n. An unfolding; interpreta-
tion.
EX'PLI-A-TlVE, la. Tending to lay open or
EX'PLI-A-TO-EY, f expound.
EX-PLlC'IT (eks-plis'it), a. Literally, unfolded;
hence, made in the plainest terms ; not obscure
or ambiguous. SYN. Express. Express is stronger
than explicit ; it adds force to clearness. An ex-
press promise or engagement is not only unam-
biguous, but stands out (expressed) in bold relief,
with the strongest hold on the conscience.
EX-PLIC'IT-LY, ad. Clearly; expressly; unam-
biguously.
EX-PLlC'iT-NESS, n. Plainness of language; di-
rect expression.
EX-PLODE' (eks-), v. i. To burst with loud report ;
v. t. to drive into disrepute ; to treat with con-
tempt.
EX-PLOIT' (eks-), n. A heroic deed; a great
achievement ; a great act of wickedness.
EX-PLO-EA'TION, n. Act of exploring ; strict or
careful examination ; close search.
EX-PLOE'A-TO-EY, a. Serving to explore ; exa-
mining.
EX-PLORE' (eks-plore'), v. t. To search; to exa-
mine ; to scrutinize ; to pry into.
EX-PLO'SION (eks-plo'zhun), n. A bursting with
noise ; a sudden expansion of elastic fluid with
loud discharge.
EX-PLO'SlVE, a. Driving or bursting with force j
causing explosion.
EX-PO'NENT (eks-po'nent), n. A figure in algebra
that shows how often a root is repeated ; an index
or representation.
EXP
158
EXT
I. E, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LASI,
EX- POET' (eks-), v. t. To carry out or send goods,
in traffic, from one country to another.
EX'POET, n. That which is carried out of a country
in commerce.
EX-PORT' A-BLE, o. That can be exported.
EX-POE-TA'TION, n. The carrying of goods out of
the country.
EX-POET'EE,n. One who exports.
EX-PO-SE' (eks-po-za'), n. [jFr.] A laying open; a
formal statement of facts or reasons.
EX-POSE' (eks-poze'), v. t. To lay open or bare ; to
exhibit ; to remove from shelter ; to lay open to
attack ; to make liable; to put in danger.
EX-POS'ED-NESS, n. A state of being exposed ; a
being open to attack or in danger.
EX-PO-S1"TION (eks-po-zfeh'un), n. Explanation ;
situation for unobstructed view ; an exhibition.
EX-POS'I-TtVE, > a. Laying open; explana-
EX-PtWI-TO-RY, j tory.
EX-POS'I-TOE, n. An interpreter ; an expounder.
EX-POST'U-LATE (eks-post'yij-late), v. i. To rea-
son earnestly ; to remonstrate.
EX-POST-U-LA'TION, n. Earnest ro soning with ;
remonstrance.
EX-POST'U-LA-TO-RY, a. Containing expostula-
tion.
EX-PO$'UEE (eks-po'zhur), n. Act or state of
being laid open to view, to danger, or any incon-
venience ; the situation of a place in regard to a,
free access of air and light.
EX-POUND' (eks-), v. t. To explain ; to interpret.
EX-POUND'EE, n. One who lays open the mean-
ing ; an interpreter.
EX-PEESS' (eks-), v. t. Literally, to press out ; to
utter in language ; to represent ; to show or make
known. SYN. To declare ; indicate ; exhibit.
EX-PEESS', o. Made in direct terms, as a pro-
mise ; not implied ; very or exact, as for the ex-
press purpose. SYN. Explicit, which see.
EX-PEESS', n. A special messenger or vehicle;
message sent; a regular conveyance for pack-
ages.
EX-PEESS'I-BLE, a. That may be uttered or
expressed; that may be squeezed out.
EX-1 J EES'SION (eks-pr5sh'un), n. A pressing out ;
form of speech ; declaration ; representation ; elo-
cution ; tone and grace of voice ; manner of set-
ting forth ideas ; a quantity in algebraic form.
EX-PRfiS'SION-LESS, a. Without expression.
EX-PEESS'lVE, a. Adapted to express ; eniphati-
cal ; significant.
EX-PEESS'lVE-LY, ad. With force or emphasis.
EX-PRES-SI'VO (eks-pres-se'vo), [It.] With ex-
pression.
EX-PEESS'LY, ad. In direct terms ; plainly.
EX'PEO-BEATE, v. t. To upbraid; to condemn.
EX-PEO'PEI-ATE, v. t. To disengage from appro-
priation ; to give up a claim.
EX-POGN' (eks-pune'), v. t. To take by assault.
EX-PUG-NA'TION, n . A taking by assault.
EX-PtTL'SION (eks-pul'shun), n. Act of expelling.
EX-POL'SIVE, a. Tending to drive out.
EX-P0Ni'TION, n. Act of blotting out or eras-
EXrPUNGE' (eks-punj'), v. t. To blot or cross out;
to erase ; to efface ; to rub out ; to destroy.
EX-P0R'GATE, v. t. To cleanse ; to purify from
any thing noxious, offensive, or erroneous.
EX-PUE-GA'TION, n. Act of purifying.
EX'PUE-GA-TOR, n. One who purifies or cleanses.
EX'QUI-SITE (Sks-kwe-zit), a. Literally, sought
out; hence, highly finished; peculiarly fine or
delicate; very keenly felt. SYN. Nice; exact;
refined ; accurate ; consummate ; perfect ; n. one
of ridiculous nicety in dress, &c. ; a fop.
EX'QUI-$ITE-LY, ad. Nicely; completely.
EX-SANG'GUI-OUS (eks-sang'gwe-us), a. Desti-
tute of blood.
EX-SCiND', v. t. To cut off.
EX SERT'ILE, a. That may be thrust out.
EX-S1'ANT (eks-sflt'kant), o. Drying ; tending
to dry.
PALL, WHAT J TH^RE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE.
EX-Sl'!ATE, v. t. To dry; to exhaust or evapor-
ate moisture.
EX-Sll'!A-TlVE, a. Tending to make dry.
EX-SUCTION (eks-suk'shun), n. Act of of sucking
out.
EX-SU-DA'TION, n. Discharges by sweating.
EX-SUDE'. See EXUDE.
EX'TANT (gks'tant), a. Now in being j not sup-
pressed or lost.
EX-TEM-PO-EA'NE-OUS.) a. Composed, per-
EX-TEM'PO-EA-EY, f formed, or uttered
without previous study ; unpremeditated.
EX-TEM'PO-EE, ad. Without previous study.
EX-TEM'PO-EIZE, v. i. To utter without study.
EX-TEND', v. t. To spread out ; to stretch forth ;
to lengthen out ; to bestow; v. i. to stretch; to
reach. SYN. to enlarge ; expand; widen; diffuse;
prolong.
, } "** cau be emended.
EX-TEN-S1-BIL'I-TY, n. Quality of being exten-
sible ; in physics, the operation of being drawn out
when subjected to force.
EX-TEN'SION, n. Act of extending ; a stretching
out ; a spreading ; in physics, the extent of a body
in length, breadth, or thickness ; in physiology,
the straightening of a limb previously bent, &c. ;
in surgery, the reduction of a dislocated or broken
limb, &c. ; in mercantile language, grant of longer
time for payment of debts. '
EX-TEN'SIVE, a. Large; wide; of great extent.
EX-TEN'SlVE-LY, ad. Widely ; largely.
EX-TENT', n. Space ; compass ; bulk ; length.
EX-TEN'0-ATE (eks-t6n'yu-ate), v. t. To make
thiiv ; to lessen ; to palliate ; to diminish in hon-
our.
EX-TEN-U-A'TION, n. Act of lessening ; making
thin ; palliating, &c.
EX-T'EI-OE, a. Outward; external; fore
the outward appearance or surface ; that which is
external or visible.
EX-TEE'MIN-ATE (13), v. t. To root out ; to drive
away ; to destroy utterly ; to take away.
EX-TEE-MIN-A'TION, n. A rooting out ; extirpa-
tion.
EX-TEE'MIN-A-TOE, n. One who exterminates.
EX-TEE'MLN-A-TO-EY, a. Tending to extir-
pate.
EX-TEE'NAL (13) (eks-), a. Outward; foreign;
visible ; apparent.
EX-TEE'NAL-LY, ad. Outwardly ; apparently.
EX-TEE'NALS, n. pi. Outward rites aud ceremo-
nies.
EX-TIL', v. i. To drop or distil from.
EX-TIN6T' (eks-tmkt'),a. Extinguished; existing
no more ; ceased ; quenched.
EX-T1N'TION, n. Abolition ; destruction ; state
of being quenched or put out ; a putting an end to.
EX-TlNG'GUISH (eks-tmg'gwish), v. t. To put
out; to quench; to destroy; to cloud; to put an
end to.
EX-TlNG'GUISH-A-BLE (eks-tmg'gwish-a-bl), a.
That may be quenched or destroyed.
EX-TlNG'GUISH-EE, n. He that extinguishes ;
a conical utensil to put out candles,
EX-TING'GUISH-MENT (-tmg'gwish-), n. A put-
ting out or quenching ; destruction ; putting au
end to a right or estate.
EX-TlE'PATE (eks-tir'pate), v. t. To root out ; to
destroy wholly.
EX-TlE-PA'TION, n. Act of rooting out ; total de-
struction. [stroyer.
EX'TlE-PA-TOE, n. One who extirpates; a d-
EX-TOL', v. t. Literally, to raise high ; to praise
greatly. SYN. To exalt ; commend ; laud ; eulo-
gize ; glorify. See CELEBRATE.
EX-TOET', v. t. To exact oppressively; to wrest;
v. i. to practise oppression.
EX-TOE'TION (eks-tor'shun), n. Unlawful exac-
tion; oppression.
EX-TftE'TION-A-EY, ") a. Oppressive; containing
EX-TOE'TION-ATE, j extortion.
EXT
159
FAB
D6VE, WOLF, B<?9K; E*LE, BrLL ; Vi"CIOUS.
EX-TGRTION ER, n. One who practises extor-
tion.
EXTRA, a Latin preposition, signifies without, or
beyond, or in excess.
EX'TRAT (eks'trakt), n. A substance drawn
from another ; a passage taken from a writing or
book; descent.
EX-TRA-G'T', v. t. To draw out ; to take ; to select
from a book or writing.
EX-TRA-6'TION (eks-trik'shun), n. A drawing out;
lineage ; in chemistry, the act of separating the
constituent parts of a body ; evolution.
EX-TRATlVE, a. That may be extracted.
EX-TRA-Di"TION (eks-tra-dlsh'un), n. Delivery
on the part of one government to another of an
accused person.
EX-TRA-JU-D1"CIAL (-dish'al), a. Out of the usual
course of law.
EX-TRA-MCN'DANE, a. Beyond the limits of the
material world.
EX-TRA'NE-OUS, a Foreign ; not intrinsic.
EX-TEA-OF-F1"CIAL, n. Not belonging to official
duty.
EX-TEAOR'DI-NA-RIES (eks-tror'de-na-riz) , n. pi.
Things which exceed the usual order, kind, or
method.
EX-TRAOR'DI-NA-RI-LY (eks-tror 7 -), ad. Uncom-
monly; eminently.
EX-TRAOR'DI-NA-.RY (ex-tror'-), a. Special ; par-
ticular ; uncommon ; remarkable.
EX-TRA-PA-RO'-fJHT-AL, a. Not within a parish .
EX-TRA-PRO-FES'SION-AL (-pro-fesh'un-al), a.
Foreign to a prof
EX-TRA-TER-EI-TG'RI-AL, a. Beyond the limits
of a territory or particular jurisdiction.
EX-TRA-TROP'IG-AL, a. Beyond the tropics,
north or south.
EX-TRAV'A-GANCE, ~) n. [L.l A wandering be-
EX-TRAV'A-GAN-CY, j yond a limit ; a going
beyond the limits of strict truth or probability ;
excess of affection ; superfluous expense. SYX.
Wildness ; irregularity ; excess ; prodigality ;
profusion; waste.
EX-TRAV'A-GANT, a. Exceeding due bounds;
lavish in expenses. STX. Excessive; irregular;
wild ; chimerical ; wasteful : prodigal ; profuse.
EX-TRAV'A-SATE, v. t. To let out of the proper
vessels, as blood.
EX-TRAV'A-SA-TED, a. Forced out of the proper
vessels.
EX-TR A V-A-SA'TION, n. The passage of fluids out
of their proper ve
EX-TREME' (eks-treme'), . Outermost; utmost;
beyond which there is none ; last ; most violent ;
greatest, worst, or best.
EX-TREME', n. Utmost limit ; end ; highest point ;
furthest degree.
EX-TREME'LY, ad. In the utmost degree.
EX-TREME' CN^'TION, among the Roman Catho-
lics, is the anointing of a sick person with oil just
before his death.
EX-TREM1-TY, n. End; limit; utmost degree;
greatest distress ; difficulties; violence.
EX'TRI-eA-BLE, a. That may be extricated.
X TRI-6ATE, v . t. To set free ; to disentangle.
EX-TRI-GA'TION, n. Act of disentangling.
EX-TRlN'SI-e, )o. Outward; external: fo-
1X-TRIN'SI-ALJ reign.
EX-TRCDE', v. t. To thrust out ; to expel.
EX-TRU'SION (-tru'zhun) , n. Act of thrusting out.
EX-TO'BER-ANCE, n. Protuberance ; a knob.
EX-TO'BER-ANT, a. Swelled; standing out.
EX-TU-MES'CENCE, n. A swelling or ri
EX-U'BER-ANCE, ^(egz-),?!. Literally, a bursting
EX-U'BER-AN-CY, ) forth with richness. -
Plenty ; abundance. Plenty is a plenum or fulness
of all that could be desired ; abundance is over-
flowing plenty ; exuberance is abundance carried to
excess.
EX-U'BER-ANT, o. Luxuriant; abundant.
EX-U'BER-ANT-LY, ad. Abundantly; plenteously;
in a superfluous degree.
, -e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
EX-C BEE-ATE, v. t. To abound; to be in great
abundance.
EX-U-DA'TION, n. A sweating; a discharge of the
juices of plants.
EX-CDE', v. t. To sweat out ; to issue forth.
EX-UL'CEE-ATE (egz-ul'cer-ate), v. t. To cause or
grow to an ulcer; to fret ; to corrode ; v. i. to be-
come an ulcer or ulcerous.
EX-CLT' fecrz-nlt'), /:. i. To rejoice greatly.
EX-UL-TA'TION(egz-ul-ta'3hmi), ;i. Expression of
great joy ; triumph.
EX-UN'DATE, r. i. To overflow.
EX-UN-DA'TJON, ?i. Overflowing abundance.
EX-US'TION (eks-ust'yun), n. The act of burning
up.
EX-U'VI-& (egs-yu've-a), n. pi. [L.] Cast skins or
shells ; something cast off; fossil remains.
EY'AS (I'as), 7i. A young eagle or hawk just taken
from the nest, not able to take prey for itself.
EYE (i), n. Organ of sight ; sight or view; re-
gard ; observation ; view of the mind ; notice ;
a small hole ; the bud of a plant.
EYE (i), v. t. To watch ; to observe ; to view.
E YE'B ALL (I'bawl) , n . The ball of the eye.
EYE'-BOLT, n. A bolt with a loop at one end.
EYE'-BEIGHT, n. A beautiful flower formerly used
in diseases of the eye.
EYE'-BROW (I'brow), 71. Hair growing over the
eyes.
EYE'LASH (Ilash), n. Hair on the edge of the
eyelid.
EYE'LESS, a. Having no eyes ; blind.
EYE'LET-HOLE,~)7i. A small hole for lace or
EYE'LET, j cord.
E TETJD, n. The cover of the eye.
EYE'-SALVE, n. Ointment for the eyes.
EYE'-SERV-ANT (I'-ser-vantj, n. A servant that
requires watching.
EYE'-SERV-lCE, n. Service done only when the
employer is looking on.
EYE'SHOT (I'shot), n. Glance of the eye; sight;
the sense of seel
EYE'SIGHT (I'slte), . The sight of the eye.
EYE'SORE (i'sore), n. Something offensive to the
sight.
EYE'-STONE fl'stone), n. A small calcareous stone
"that is used to clean dust from the eye.
EYE'-TOOTH (I'tooth), n. The tooth next the
grinders ; canine tooth.
EYE'-WIT-NESS, n. One who saw what he tes-
. tines.
EYRE (are), n. A journey or circuit; a court of
itinerant justices.
EY'RY or EY'RIE (a'ry), n. An aerie; a place
where eagles or other birds of prey build their
nests.
F.
~P a labial consonant, has but one uniform as-
- 1 - > pirated sound, continuous at pleasure. Its
kindred letter v is chiefly distinguished from / by
being more vocal.
FA is the fourth note in the gamut.
FA-BA'CEOUS, a. Having the nature of a bean.
FA'BI-AN, a. Delaying ; avoiding battle, like Fa-
bius, the victorious Roman general.
FA'BLE, n. A fictitious story intended to enforca
some useful truth or moral precept ; a fiction.
FA'BLE, v. t. To feign or invent stories ; to devise.
FA'BLE, v. i. To feign ; to write fiction ; to lie.
FA'BLER, 7i. A writer of feigned stories ; one who
deals in fictions.
FAB'Rie, n. A building ; a structure ; a manu-
factured article, especially cloth.
FAB'RI-ATE, v. t. To forge ; to devise falsely ;
to construct.
FAB-RI-A'TION, n. That which is forged,
framed, or built ; a framing or forging. See
FICTION.
FAB'RI-GA-TOR, n. One who constructs or frames.
FAB
I, *, <kc., long. I, fc, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
PiB'0-LIST, n. One who invents fables.
FAB'Q-LOUS, a. Feigned; invented; forged;
false ; unreal.
FAB'Q-LOUS-LY, ad. With fiction ; feignedly.
FA-CADE 1 (fa-sade'), n. [IV.] Front; front view
or elevation of an edifice.
FACE, n. The forepart of the head ; surface of a
thing ; visage ; presence ; appearance ; sight ;
front ; countenance ; boldness ; impudence.
FACE, v. t. To meet in front ; to oppose ; to cover ;
to look down.
FACE, v. i. To carry a false appearance.
FAC'ET (fas'et), n. A little face, as of crystals or
cut gems.
FA-CE^l'I-jE (fa-se'she-e), n. pi. [L.] Humorous
writing's ; witty sayings.
FA-CE'TIpUS (-se'shus), a. Full of pleasantry or
wit ; exciting laughter. SYN. Witty ; humorous ;
jocose ; jocular ; merry ; sprightly ; gay.
FA-CE'TIOUS-LY, ad. With humour ; merrily.
FA'CIAL (fa'shal), o. Pertaining to the face.
FA'CIAL AN G 'GLE. The angle made by a line
drawn across from the middle of the ear to the
edge of the nostrils, and another from this point
to the ridge of the frontal bone.
FAC'lLE (fas'il), a. Easy to be done ; easy to yield ;
easy of access. SYN. Pliant; flexible; yielding;
ductile.
FA-ClL'I-TATE, v. t. To make easy ; to lessen the
labour of.
FA-CIL'I-TIES (-sil'e-tiz), n. pi. Means of easy
performance ; convenient opportunities or advan-
tages.
FA-ClL'I-TT, n. Ease of performance ; easiness
of temper; readiness proceeding from skill or
use. SYN. Expertness ; readiness. Facility sup-
poses a natural or acquired power of despatching
a task with lightness and dexterity; expertness
is facility acquired by long-continued practice ;
readiness marks the promptitude with which any
thing is done. A merchant needs great facility
in despatching business ; a banker, great expert-
ness in casting accounts; both need great readi-
ness in passing from one employment to another.
FA'CING, n. A covering in front ; the movement
of troops from right to left, &c. ; the lappets,
collars, &c., of uniform ; a thin layer of soil or
earth on the slopes of railways, canals, &c. ;
wooden covering on the sides of doors and win-
dows, &c. ; last layer of stucco or plaster on walls,
&c.
FA-SlM'I-LE, n. Exact likeness or copy, as of
handwriting.
FA-GT, 11. Literally, a thing done; reality. SYN.
Event ; occurrence ; circumstance, which see.
FA-e'TION, n. A party acting from selfish motives
against a government or established order oi
things ; dissension. See CABAL.
FA-C'TION-IST, n. One who promotes faction.
FA-e'TIOUS (fak'shus), a. Given to party or dis-
sension.
FA'TIOUS-LY, a. With the spirit or feelings of
faction.
FA-e-TI"TIOUS (-tfeh'us), a. Produced by art ; ar-
tificial. SYN. Unnatural. A thing is unnatural
when it departs in any way from Its simple or nor-
mal state ; it is factitious when it is wrought put
or wrought up by labour and effort, as a/actitious
excitement.
FA'TOR, n. An agent in trade ; a substitute ; in
arithmetic, the multiplier and the multiplicand.
FA-e'TOK-AGE, n. Compensation to a factor.
FA!TO-RY, n. House of a factor ; manufactory.
FAC-TCyTUM, n. [L., do every thing.] A servant
employed in all kinds of work.
FA'UL-TY, n. A power of the mind ; power or
skill in performing; legal right; body of profes-
sional men, particularly medical ; professors of a
college. SYN. Talent; gift; endowment; dex-
terity ; adroitness ; knack.
FA^I'U-L^}, n. Certain bright spots on the sun's
disc.
160
FAI
FALL, WHAT ; TH&RE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
FA-0N'DI-TY, n. Eloquence; readiness of speech.
FAD'DLE, v. i. To trifle ; to toy; to play the fool.
FADE, v. i. To wither ; to decay ; to lose colour j
to lose strength ; to become poor.
FADE'LESS, a. Unfading.
FAD(iE (Taj), v. i. To suit ; to fit ; to join closely.
FAD'ING, pp. or a. Subject to decay ; liable to
lose freshness or to perish; n. loss of colour,
freshness, or vigour ; decay.
FAD'Y, a. Tending to fade or decay.
F^E'CAL, See FECAL.
F^'CES (fe'sez), n. pi. Excrement ; settlings.
FA'ER-Y, a. Pertaining to fairies. See FAIRY.
FAG, v. t. To compel to drudge ; v. i. to become
weary ; to fail in strength ; to drudge.
FAG-END', n. Untwisted end of a rope ; the refuse
or meaner part of a thing ; the coarse end of a web
of cloth.
FAG'OT, n. A bundle of sticks, or branches used
for fuel, or for raising batteries, and other pur-
poses in fortification ; one hired to hide a defici-
ency at musters,
FAG'OT, v. t. To tie or bind in a bundle.
FAIL, v. i. To become deficient ; to decay ; to d3
cline ; to cease ; to perish ; to miss ; to miscarry ;
to fall short ; to become insolvent ; v. t. to desert;
to disappoint ; to cease to aid ; to omit.
FAIL, n. Omission ; non-performance ; want.
FAlL'ING, n. A deficiency or giving out ; an im
perfection. SYN. Fault ; foible. A fault is posi-
tive, something definite and marked which im-
pairs excellence ; a, failing is negative, some weak-
ness in a man's character, disposition, or habit ; a
weakness, which we over-
ook or smile at. A man may have tnany/ailings,
and yet commit but few Jaults ; or his faults or
failings may be few, while his /notes are obvious to
all.
FAIL'URE, n. Non-performance ; cessation of sup-
ply ; deficiency or fault ; act of becoming insol-
vent. SYN. Shortcoming ; aeglact ; defect j
frailty. See FAILING.
FAIN, a. Glad; pleased; rejoiced.
FAIN, ad. Gladiy ; with pleasure.
FAINT, a. Inclined to swoon ; weakened by ex-
haustion ; not vigorous ; wanting in strength oc
definiteness, as a jaini sound, &c. SYN. Feeble ;
weak; languid; exhausted; st/iritlass.
FAINT, v. i. To swoon; to sink with fitigue or
fear.
FAINT^-HEART-ED, a. Timorous ; cowardly.
FAINT'ING, n. A swoon ; temporary loss of respira-
tion, strength, and colour.
FAINT'ISH, a. Slightly fainfc.
FAINT'LY, ad. Feebly; weakly ; imperfectly.
FAINT'NESS, n. Loss of colour and respiration;
want of vigour ; feebleness of representation.
FAINTS, n. pi. An impure spirit that comes over
at the commencement and close of distillation.
FAIR (4) , a. Literally, free from spot, from blemish,
from, obstruction, from perversion, &c,, as fair
weather, a fair countenance, a Jzir wind, a fair
proposal; also medium or moderate, as a 'fair
quality. SYN. Pure; frank; honest; candid;
equitable; merited.
FAIR, ad. Openly ; frankly ; civilly ; equitably.
FAIR, n. A handsome woman ; a stated market ;
the fair, the female sex.
FAIR'LY, ad. Conveniently ; openly ; justly ;
honestly; fully; gently.
FAIR'NESS, n. Open, just conduct; clearness;
beauty ; purity ; candour ; equity ; distinctness.
FAIR'-SPO-K-EN, a. Courteous in speech ; civil.
FAIRTT, n. An imaginary being or spirit supposed
to assume a human form, dance in meadows, steal
infants, &c.
FAIR'Y, a. Belonging to fairies ; given by fairies.
FAIR'Y-LAND, n. The imaginary land or abode of
fairies.
FAITH, n. Belief; trust; the assent of the mind
to what is declared by another on his authority
and veracity ; in theology, the assent of the mind
FAI
161
FAN
DOVE, WOLF, BOQK J R*LE, BULL ; VICIOUS
to the truth, of what God has revealed ; the object
of belief; the doctrines believed; fidelity; sin-
cerity; veracity; honour.
FAITH'FUL, a. Firm to the truth, to trust, or
to covenants ; loyal ; constant. [steadily.
FAITH'FUL-LY, ad. Honestly; with fidelity;
FAITH'FUL-NESS, n. Fidelity ; firm adherence to
truth or trust ; truth.
FAITH'LESS, a. Without faith ; wanting in fidelity;
false to duty ; false to the marriage covenant.
SYN. Unbelieving; treacherous; disloyal; per-
fidious ; neglectful.
FAKE, n. A coil or turn of a cable when coiled.
FA'KIR (fa/ker), \n. A Mahommedan monk or
FA'QUIE (faTceer), } hermit in India.
FAL'!ATE, ) a. Hooked ; like a scythe ; as ap
FAL'-GA-TEDJ plied to the moon, horned or
crescent-shaped.
FAL'CHION (fawl'chun), n. A short, crooked
fword.
L'CI-FORM, a. Kesembling a sickle.
FAL'ON (fawOm or falcon), n. A hawk, especi-
ally one trained to sport.
FAL'ON-ER (faw'kner or fSTkon-er), n. One who
breeds and trains hawks for catching wild fowls.
FAL'-eON-ET, n. A small cannon.
FAL'ON-RY (faw'kn-ry or fal'kon-ry), n. The art
of training hawks ; the art or practice of taking
wild fowls by means of hawks.
FALL, v. i. [_pret. FELL, and pp. FALLEN.] To des-
cend by gravity ; to drop ; to decline ; to sink ; to
decrease ; to apostatize ; to perish ; to flow.
FALL, n. The general idea is that of descending
from a higher place, state, &c., to a lower, as the
fall of Rome, a fall of prices, &c. ; hence, a descent
of water, as Niagara Pdtta ; autumn, or the fall of
the leaf (provincial in England 1.
FAL-LA'CIOUS (-la'shus), a. Not well founded;
mocking expectation. SYN. Deceptive ; delusive ;
sophistical.
FAL-LA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With deception.
FAI/LA-CY, n. A deception or false appearance ;
an inconclusive argument. SYN. Sophistry. A
fallacy is an argument which professes to be de-
cisive, but in reality is not ; sophistry is also false
reasoning, but of so specious and subtle a kind as
to render it difficult to expose its fallacy. Many
fallacies are obvious, but the evil of sophistry lies
in its consummate art. See DELUSION.
FALL'EN (fawlu), pp. of FALL, or a. Dropped :
descended; degraded; decreased; ruined.
FALL'JEN, a. Brought down from a higher place or
state; degraded; ruined.
FAL-LI-BIL'I-TY, n. Liableness to error to be
deceived ; uncertainty ; liableness to deceive.
FAL'LI-BLE, a. Liable to err or to be deceived.
FALL'ING-SlCK'NESS, n. The epilepsy.
FAL-LO'PI-AN, a. A term applied to two ducts
arising from the womb, usually called tubes.
FAL'LOW, a. Literally, failure in colour; hence,
applied to animals of a pale red or yellow colour,
as a fallow deer; also to unploughed land, having
a withered appearance.
FAL-LOW, 71. Land left untilled, or ploughed and
not sowed.
FAL-LOW, v. *. To plough, harrow, and break
without sowing.
FAL'LOW-JROP, n. The crop taken from fallow
ground.
FAL'LOW-DEEB, n. A species of deer smaller
than the stag, with compressed horns, common
in parks.
FAL'LOW-ING, n. The ploughing and harrowing
of land without sowing it.
FALSE, a. Not true; not well founded; counter-
feit ; not honest ; not faithful ; hypocritical ; not
solid or sound.
FALSE'HQQD, n . Want of truth or veracity; an
untrue assertion. SYN. Untruth; fabrication;
falsity ; perfidy ; lie, which see.
FALSE'-KEEL, n. The timber below the main 1
keel. n
-e as K; 6 as J ; 9 as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
FALSE'LY, ad. Erroneously ; treacherously.
FALSE'NESS, n. Want of truth or integrity; du-
plicity.
FAL-SET'TO, n. [It.] In music, an artificial voico
or mode of singing by contracting the glottis,
and thus extending the natural compass about an
octave higher.
FAL-SI-FI-GA'TION, n. Act of making false.
FALS'I-FI-ER, n. One who counterfeits, forges,
or gives to a thing a false appearance.
FALS'I-FY, v. t. To counterfeit ; to forge ; to dis-
prove; to break one's word.
FALS'I-TY, n. Contrariety to truth. SYN. False-
hood ; lie. Falsity denotes the state or quality
of being false ; a falsehood is a false declaration
designedly made ; a lie is a gross, unblushing
falsehood. It is a vulgar error to speak of
" telling a falsity." It is an equal error to say,
" I perceive the falsehood of your declaration or
statement."
FAL'TER, v. i. To hesitate in speech ; to stam-
mer ; to be unsteady ; to fail or yield in exertion.
FAL'TER-ING-LY, ad. With stammering ; tremb-
lingly; timidly.
FAME, n. [I/.] Renown; favourable report; ru-
mour,
FAMED (famd), a. Renowned ; celebrated.
FAME'LESS, a. Having no fame ; not known
abroad.
FA-MlL'IAR (fa-mtt'yar), a. Affable; free; inti-
mate ; well acquainted with ; domestic ; common ;
n. an intimate acquaintance ; a supposed demon
or evil spirit attending a person.
FA-MIL-IAR'IT-Y, n. Intimate acquaintance ;
ease in conversation or intercourse. SYN. Fel-
lowship ; intimacy ; acquaintance, which see.
FA-MlL'IAR-lZE, v. t. To habituate ; to accus-
tom ; to make intimate.
FA-MIL'IAR-LY, ad. Intimately; without for-
mality; frequently; commonly.
FAM'I-LY, n. Household; lineage; tribe; hon-
ourable descent ; genealogv.
FAM'lNE, n. Want of sufficient food ; dearth.
FAM'ISII, v. t. To starve ; to destroy with hun-
ger ; to exhaust strength or distress by hunger
or thirst ; v. i. to die of hunger ; to be distressed
with want ; to be exhausted for want of food, &c.
FAM'ISH-MENT, n. E ttrerne want of food ; great
hunger or thirst.
FA'MOUS, a. Celebrated in fame or public report ;
excellent ; notorious used both in a good and a
bad sense. SYN. Renowned ; illustrious. Fa-
mous is applied to a person or thing widely spoken
of as extraordinary; renowned, to those who are
named again and again with honour ; illustrious,
to those who have dazzled the world by the splen-
dour of their deeds or their virtues. Napoleon
was/amous; Alexander was renowned; Wellington
and Washington were illustrious.
FATMOUS-LY, ad. With great renown.
FA'MOUS-NESS, n. Renown ; great fame ; cele-
brity.
FAN, n. An instrument which agitates the air and
cools the face ; one to winnow grain ; a wing ; a
small vane ; blower of a furnace.
FAN, v. t. To blow or winnow with a fan ; to ven-
tilate ; to cool.
FA-NAT'I, > a. Wild and extravagant in
FA-NAT'IO-ALJ opinions.
FA-NAT'I, n. One who indulges in wild and ex-
travagant notions, especially on religion ; bigot.
FA-NAT'I-e-AL-LY, ad. With wild fanaticism.
FA-NAT'I-CI#M, n. Wild and extravagant no-
tions ; religious frenzy. See ENTHUSIASM.
FAN'CItfD, (fan'sid), a. Conceived ; liked.
FAN'CI-ER, n. One who fancies ; in composition,
as bird-fancier, one who has a taste for the objects
specified.
FAN'CI-FUL, a. Noting an excess of fancy; not
solid or real ; full of wild images. SYN. Fantasti-
cal; visionary. Fanciful notions are the product
of a lieated fancy, without any support in reason
FAN
162
FAT
I, fi, &c., long. i, , &c., slioi-t. CARE, FAB, LAST,FALL, wn J.T ; TH^RE, TERM; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE.
FAE-EAC^I-NOUS, o. Formed of various materi-
als ; mixed.
FAE-EA'GO, n. A. confused mass or medley.
FAE'EI-EE, n . One who shoes or cures horses.
FAE'EI-EE- Y, n. The shoeing or curing cf
horses.
FAE'EOW, n. A litter of pigs j v. t. to bring forth
or truth ; fantastical schemes or systems are made
up of oddly-assorted fancies, often of the most
whimsical kind ; visionary expectations are those
which can never be realized in fact.
FAN'CI-FUL-LY, ad. Wildly ; according to fancy.
FAN'CY, n. The faculty of forming images in the
mind; notion; taste; whim; liking; the Fancy,
sporting characters. See IMAGINATION.
FAN'CY, v. t. To form a conception ; to be pleased
with; to like; to suppose; to long for; v. i. to
imagine; to figure to one's self; to believe or
suppose without proof.
FAN'CY-BALL, n. A ball in which persons appear
in fancy-dresses.
FAN'CY-FEEE, o. Free from the power of love.
FAN-DAN G 'GO, n. A lively Spanish dance.
FANE, n. A temple; a church.
FAN'FA-EON, n. A bully ; a blusterer.
FAN-FAE-ON-ADE', n. Swaggering; vain boast-
ing; ostentation; bluster.
FANG, n. A tusk ; a claw or talon ; a nail.
FAN G/ GED (fangd'), a. Having fangs or claws.
FANG'GLED (fang'gld), a. Made gaudy; showy;
mostly with new, as new-fangled.
FANG'LESS, a. Having no fangs or tusks.
FAN'ION (fan'yun), n. A small flag carried with
the baggage.
FAN'-LlGHT, n. A window in the form of an open
fan or semicircle.
FAN'NEE, n. One who fans ; what produces a cur-
rent of air ; a ventilator in a window by means of
vanes.
FAN-TA'SI-A, n. A piece of music, not restricted
to the rules of art, but in which the composer may
yield to his fervour and fancy.
FAN'TASM, n. An idle conceit ; a whim.
FAN-TAS'TIC, | a. Arising from or showing a
FAN-TAS'TI-AL, ) great excess of fancy ; whim-
sical. See FANCIFUL.
FAN-TAS'TI-AL-LY, ad. Whimsically; oddly.
FAN'TA-SY, n. [Now written fancy.] Fancy;
conceit.
FAN-TOC-CI'NI, n. [It.] Dramatic representation,
in which puppets are the performers.
FA-QU1E' or FA-QU EEE'. See FAKIE.
FAR, a. Distant ; remote.
FAE, ad. To or at a great distance.
FARCE, n. Literally, stuffed ; a short play design-
ed wholly to make fun ; mere sport.
FAECE, v. t. To stuff; tosweUout.
FAE'CT-AL, a. Belonging to farce ; droll.
FAE'CI-!AL-LY, ad. Like a farce ; ridiculously.
FAE'DEL, 7i. A little pack ; a pack-saddle.
FAEE (4), v. i. To go ; to move forward or pass ;
to be in a gcod or bad state ; to happen ; to be
entertained.
FAEE, n. Price of passage ; food ; hire of a carri-
age, &c.
FAEE-WELL', n. Wish of welfare at parting;
leave ; departure.
FAE'-FAMJED' (-famd';, a. Widely renowned or
celebrated.
FAE'-FETCHED' (-fStchf), a. Brought from a dis-
tance ; studiously sought ; forced ; strained.
FA-EI'NA, 7i. The pollen or dust of flowers; the
flour of grain ; starch or fecula.
FAE-I-NA'CEOUS (-na'shus), a. Consisting of
meal or flour ; yielding farina ; like meal or re-
lating to meal.
FAEM, n. Land occupied by a farmer.
FARM, v. t. To lease or rent for a price; to culti-
vate land.
FAEM'A-BLE, a. That may be farmed.
FAEM'EE, 7i. One who cultivates land ; one who
collects duties at a certain rate per cent. ; a hus-
bandman.
FARM'ING, n. The practice of tilling land.
FAE'MOST, a. Most remote or distant.
FAR'O, n. A game of cards in which a person plays
against the bank kept by the owner of the table.
FAR'O-BANK, n. A bank against which persons
play at the game of faro.
..pigs; a. not producing a calf in the year.
FAR'THEE, a. Being at a greater distance ; ad. at
a greater distance ; moreover. See FURTHER.
FAE'THEST, a. Most remote. See FURTHEST.
FAR'THING, 11 . The fourth of a penny.
FAE'THING-GALE, n. A hoop-petticoat, &c.
FAS'CES (fas'ccz), n. pi. [L.] Eods with an aso
borne before Eoman consuls.
FAS'CI-AL (fash'e-al), a. Belonging to the fasces.
FAS'CI-A-TED (fash'e-a-ted), a. Bound with a
fillet or bandage ; fillet-like.
FAS'CI-LE (fas'se-kl), n. A bundle; a species of
inflorescence.
FAS-Cl"a-LAE, a. United in a bundle.
FAS'CI-NATE, v. t. To charm or allure irresistibly
SY::. To bewitch; enrapture; captivate; en-
chant.
FAS-CI-NA'TION, n. A charming or bewitching.
FAS-CINE' (fas-seen'), n. [Fr.] A fagot; a bundle
of rods or small sticks used in fortification.
FASH'ION (f&sh'un), n. Form or make of a thins 1 ;
prevailing mode of dress or ornament ; custom ;
good breeding. SYN. Shape; pattern; sort;
usage; vogue.
FASH'ION, v. t. To form ; to mould ; to cast to a
shape.
FASH'ION-A-BLE (fash'un-a-bl), a. Being accord-
ing to the fashion.
FASH'ION- A-BLY, ad. According to the fashion.
FASR7ION-ER, n. One who fashions or adapts.
FAST, v. i. To abstain from food voluntarily.
FAST (6), n. Abstinence from food; time for fast-
FAST, a. Literally, pressing close ; hence the two
meanings of firmly fixed or adhering, as a fast
friend, and moving rapidly, as a/ast horse. SYN.
Firm ; stable ; close ; tight ; quick ; rapid.
FAST, ad. Firmly; immovably j with speed or
celerity.
FAST-DAY, n. A day set apart for fasting.
FASTEN (6) (fas'sn), v. t. To make firm or tight ;
to impress. SYN. To fix;
That which confines,
close ; avari-
to secure; to fix;
cement; enforce.
FASTEN-INGXfas'sn-ing), n.
fixes, or makes fast.
FAST'-HAND-ED, a. Covetous;
cious.
FAS'TI, n. [L."] The Eoman calendar or register of
festivals, courts, &c.
FAS-TID'I-OUS, a. Over nice ; apt to be disgust-
ed ; disdainful ; delicate to a fault. SYN. Squea-
mish. Fastidious is applied to one whose taste or
feelings are offended by trifling defects or errors ;
squeamish (lit., having a stomach which is easily
turned) to one who is excessively nice on minor
points, or else over-scrupulous.
FAS-TID'I-OUS-LY, ad. With squeamishuess ; dis-
dainfully.
FAS-TlD'I-OUS-NESS, n. Squeamishness of mind,
taste, or appetite ; contemptuousness.
FAST'ING, 7i. The act of abstaining from food.
FAST'NESS, n. State of being fast; security; a
stronghold, fortress, or fort ; quickness.
FAT, . The oily part of animal bodies ; the best
or richest part of a thing ; a measure ; a vat ; in
printing, such type-work as contains much blank
and little letter, and is easily set up.
FAT, a. Plump; rich; gross; greasy; dull.
FAT, v. t. To make plump or fat; to fatten; v. i.
to grow fat or fleshy.
FA'TAL, a. Proceeding from fate or destiny;
deadly ; mortal ; destructive ; necessary.
PA'TAL-ISM, n. The doctrine of fate or inevitable
necessity. [necessity.
FA'TAL-IST, 7i. One who maintains inevitable
FAT
163
FEA
D6vs, wou, BQQK j ntfLE, srLL ; vicious. as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
FA-TlL'I-TY, TU Decree of fate ; invincible ne-
cessity ; tendency to danger ; mortality.
FA'TAL-LY, ad. Mortally ; necessarily.
FATA MOR-GA'NA (fa'ta mqr-ga'na), n. [It.] A
peculiar state of atmospheric refraction, present-
ing images of objects in the water or air, some-
times doubled and also inverted, even when below
the horizon.
FATE, n. Literally, a word pronounced by the
Deity ; inevitable necessity ; final lot ; destruc-
tion. SYN. Destiny ; doom ; fortune ; death.
FATED, a. Destined ; decreed by fate.
FATES, n. pi. In mythology, the destinies sup-
posed to preside over men.
FA'THER, n. A male parent; an ancestor; pro-
tector ; author ; former ; contriver.
FATHER, v. t. To adopt, as a child ; to adopt as
one's own ; to ascribe to o*ne as its author, with
on.
FA'THEB-HOQD, n. The state of being a father.
FA'THER-IN-LAW, n. ; pi. FA'IHERS-IN-LAW. The
father of one's husband or wife.
FA'IHER-LAND, n. The native land of one's
ancestors, or his own.
FA'TIIEB-L ASH-EE, n. A salt-water fish allied to
the bull-head.
FA'THER-LESS, a. Having no father ; without a
known author.
FA'THEE-LY, a. Like or becoming a father ; pa-
ternal ; ad. as a father does.
FAIH'OM, n. Six feet; reach; compass; penetra-
tion.
FATH'OM, v. t. To compass ; to penetrate to the
bottom ; to comprehend ; to try the depth ; to
sound.
FATH'OM- A-BLE, a. That may be fathomed.
FATH'OM-LESS, a. Bottomless ; that cannot be
penetrated or comprehended.
FA-TiD'I-eAL, a. Prophetic ; foretelling.
FAT'I-GA-BLE, a. That may be wearied or tired.
FA-TlGUE' (fa-teegO, n. Great weariness ; lassi-
tude ; toil.
FA-T1GUE', v. t. To tire ; to weary to excess or
by importunity ; to harass ; to exhaust.
FA-TlL'O-QUIST, n. A fortune-teller. <#
FAT'LING, n. A young animal, as a kid or lamb,
fattened for slaughter.
FATNESS, n. Fullness of flesh; hence, unctuons-
ness; richness. SYN. Corpulence; fleshiness; fer-
tility; fruitfulness.
FAT'T-EN, v. t. To make fat; to feed for slaughter ;
to make fertile ; to enrich ; v. i. to grow fat ; to
become plump or fleshy ; to be pampered.
FAT'TI-NESS, n. State of being fat ; greasiness.
FAT'TISH, o. Somewhat fat ; slightly corpulent.
FAT'TY, a. Consisting of fat ; greasy.
FA-TD'I-TY, 7i. Foolishness; weakness of intel-
lect.
FAT'C-OUS (fat'yn-us), a. Foolish; weak; silly;
lunatic.
FAU'BOURG (f5tx>org), n. [IV.] A suburb.
FAU'CES, n. [L.l The back part of the mouth,
terminated by the pharynx and larynx.
FAU'CET, n. A short pipe for drawing liquors.
FAUGH. Interjection expressing contempt.
FAULT, n. "Whatever impairs excellence ; a devi-
ation from propriety or duty ; a puzzle as to be at
fault ; hence, among miners, a displacement of
strata. STN. Error ; blemish ; defect, which see.
FAULT, v. t. To blame ; to charge with an offence.
FAULTI-LY, ad. With failing or mistake; de-
fectively; wrongly.
FAULT'I-NESS, n. "Wrong doing ; blamableness.
FAULT'LESS, a. Free from fault, crime, or defect.
FAULT'LESS-NESS, n. Freedom from fault.
FAULT'Y, a. Guilty of a fault; defective; wrong.
See DEFECTIVE.
FAUN, n. A kind of sylvan deity.
FAU'NA, n. [L.] The animals of a country or a
epoch spoken of collectively.
FAU-TUEIL' (fo-teuT), n. [^V.J An arm-chair.
FAUX PAS' (fo-paO.n. [Fr.] A false
FA'VOUE, n. Kind regard; disposition to aid;
something given or worn as a token of kindness ;
partiality ; cover or protection. SYN. Kindness ;
countenance ; patronage ; defence ; vindication ;
support; behalf; present; benefit.
FA'VOUE, v. t. To aid or wish to aid ; to resemble
in features SYN To countenance ; to support ;
to assist ; to ease ; to spare ; to resemble.
FA'VOUE-A-BLE, a. Kind ; propitious to success.
FA'VOUE-A-BLY, ad. With kindness or favour.
FATOUB-EE, 71. One who countenances or fav-
ours a well-wisher.
FA'VOUE-ITE, 11. A particular friend ; one greatly
beloved ; a thing regarded with preference ; a.
regarded with particular favour ; preferred ;
loved.
FATOUE-IT-ISM, n. Disposition to favour a
friend ; partiality ; exercise of power by favour-
ites.
FAWN, 7i. A young deer ; a servile cringe or bow.
FAWN, v. i. To cringe or flatter servilely; to
bring forth a fawn.
FAWNTNG, a. Courting servilely; meanly flat-
tering; 7i. gross flattery.
FAWN'ING-LY, ad. With servile adulation ; by
cringing.
FAY (fa), v. i. To fit ; to join closely with.
FAY (fa), n. A fairy ; an elf.
FE'AL-TY, n. Fidelity ; loyalty ; homage, which
see. [dread.
FEAR, n. Apprehension of evil ; reverence ; awe ;
FEAE, t>. t. To stand in awe of ; to reverence ; to
regard with alarm. SYN. To apprehend ; dread ;
venerate ; v. i. to be afraid ; to be in apprehension
or feel anxiety on account of some expected evil.
FEAE'FUL, a. Struck with fear; terrified; im-
pressing fear, as a fearful end ; terrific. SYN.
Apprehensive ; timid ; timorous ; awful ; distress-
ing ; horrible ; dreadful ; frightful.
FEARTUL-LY, ad. With fear; so as to excite
terror and alarm ; timorously.
FEAR'FUL-NESS, n. State of being terrified.
SYN. Dread ; terror ; timidity ; apprehension ;
alarm ; awe.
FEAE'LESS, a. Free from fear ; full of courage.
SYN. Bold ; daring ; intrepid ; valiant ; brave ;
undaunted; heroic; dauntless.
FEAE'LESS-LY, ad. Without fear ; boldly.
FEAR'NAUGHT (feer'nawt), n. A very thick,
shaggy" wooUen cloth, or an outer garment made
of it.
FfiA-Sl-BlL'I-TY, ") -o ,. ,.,..
FEA'SI-BLE-NESS, j n ' Practicability.
FEA'SI-BLE, a. Practicable ; that can be per-
formed ; that may be entertained.
FEAST, n. A sumptuous repast; something that
delights and entertains. SYN. Banquet ; festival.
A feast sets before us viands superior in quality,
variety, and abundance ; a banquet is a luxurious
feast ; a festival is the joyful celebration by gqo-1
cheer of some agreeable event. A feast which
was designed to be a festival may be changed into
a banquet.
FEAST, v. %. To eat sumptuously; to be greatly
delighted ; v. t. to entertain with rich provisions ;
to delight ; to pamper ; *o gratify luxuriously.
FEASTEE, 7i. One who eats at or gives a feast.
FEASTFUL, a. Festive ; gay ; luxurious.
FEAT, n. " An action ; deed ; exploit; an extraordi-
nary display of skill, strength, &c.
FfiATH'EB (fSth'er), n. A plume ; the covering of
fowls ; an empty title ; an ornament ; kind or na-
ture ; a natural frizzling of the hair in some places
of a horse ; to s7iow the white feather, to give signs
of cowardice.
FEATH'EE (fSth'er), v. t. To cover with pL.
to dress in feathers ; to enrich ; to adorn ; t<
as a cock ; to turn the edge of an oar to the air ;
to feather one's nest, to accumulate wealth.
FEATH'EE-BOAED'ING, n. A covering in which
the edge of one board overlaps another like the
feathers of a fowl.
TEA
164
FEN
1, fl, &c., long. I, S, <fec., short. CABE, FAB, LAST
FfiATH'ER-EDGED, o. Having one edge thinner
than another.
FfiATH'EE-LESS, a. Destitute of feathers.
FEATH'ER-Y (feth'er-y), a. Covered with plum-
age ; with the appearance of feathers.
FEAOyUEE (49) fete'ynr), n. The form of the face;
a lineament ; outline ; prominent parts.
FEAT'LY, ad. Neatly ; nimbly.
FEB'EI-FtTGE, n. A medicine to cure fever.
FE'BElLE or FEB'ElLE, a. Partaking of or indi-
cating fever.
FEB'EU-A-EY, n. The second month of the year.
FE'-GAL, o. Containing dregs or excrement.
FE'CES, n. pi. Dregs ; lees ; sediment ; excre-
ment.
FE'CIT. [L.] He made it ; used by artists on their
works.
FE<3'IT-LA, n. Green matter of plants when bruised
and mixed with water; starch of farina.
FEJ'0-LENCE, ) n. Foul matter in liquors;
FEtJ-LEN-CY, j muddiness.
FE-etT-LENT, o. Foul; muddy; full of dregs;
turbid.
FE'-GUND, o. Fruitful ; productive.
FE'-G UN-DATE, v, t. To impregnate; to make
prolific."
FE-OUN-DA'TION, n. Act of making fruitful;
impregnation.
FE-etTN'DI-TY, n. Fruitfulness ; productiveness ;
fertility ; richness of invention.
FED'EE-AL, o. Pertaining to a league.
FfiD'EE-AL-ISM, n. The principles of Federalists.
FED'ER-AL-IST, n. Designation of the friends of
the Constitution of the United States at its first
formation ; an advocate of the federal union.
FED'EE-ATE, o. Leagued ; united ; confederate.
FED-EE-A'TION, n. Union in a league.
FED'EE-A-TlVE, o. Uniting or forming in con-
federacy.
FEE, v. t. To retain by a payment or reward; to
engage ; to bribe.
FEE, n. Primarily, a loan of land ; an estate in
trust, granted by a superior to the grantee on
condition of personal service, &c. ; a reward ; a
perquisite. In the United States, an estate in fee-
simple is held by a.person in his own right, and
descendible to his heirs for ever.
FEE'BLE, o. Very weak ; wanting in activity,
strength, &c. STN. Infirm ; sickly ; debilitated ;
imbecile ; languid ; spiritless ; decrepit.
FEE'BLE-NESS, n. Weakness; infirmity; want
of fulness or loudness ; dimness of light or colour.
FEE'BLY, ad. Weakly ; faintly.
FEED, v. t. [pret. and pp. FED.] To supply with
food; to furnish anything to be consumed j to
nourish or cherish; to fatten; v. i. to eat; to
pasture or graze ; to grow fat.
FEED, n. Food; meat; pasture; a meal.
FEED'EE, n. One that feeds; one that fattens
cattle ; a source that supplies a canal with water ;
an encourager.
FEEL, w. t. [pret. and pp. FELT.] To perceive by
the touch; to have the sense of; to know; v. i.
to have the sense of; to have feeling. SYN. To
handle; experience; suffer.
FEEL, n. Sense or act of perception by touch.
FEEL'EE, n. One that feels ; something put forth
to discover the nature of an object ; in -insects,
one of the antennae or palpi; a word or remark
dropped as a test.
FEEL'ING, a. Attended with much emotion ; ex-
pressive of sensibility; affected; n. the sense of
touch; sensibility ; tenderness ; emotion, which
FEEL1NG-LY, ad. With sensibility ; tenderly.
FEIGN (fane), v. t. To pretend ; to devise ; to in-
vent ; to dissemble.
FEIGN'ED-LY (fan'ed-ly), ad. With dissimula-
tion.
FEIGN'EE (fan'er), n. One who dissembles.
FEIGN'ING (fan'ing), n. A false appearance ; art-
ful contrivance.
FALL, WH^T } THABE, TiRM; MARINE, BtBD, MS VI,
FEINT (faint), n. A false show; pretence; a mock
attack.
FELD'SPAE, > n. A mineral of vitreous structure,
FEL'SPAE, $ breaking easily in two directions ;
it forms part of granite and other rocks, and pre-
sents many varieties.
FE-LlC'I-TATE, v. t. To wish happy; to congra-
tulate. See CONGRATULATE.
FE-LIC-I-TA'TION, n. Congratulation; kind
wish.
FE-LlC'I-TOUS (-Ks'e-tus), a. Happy in a very
high degree. SYN. Delightful ; prosperous.
FE-LlC'I-TOUS-LY, ad. Happily ; prosperously.
FE-LiC'I-TY (-lls'e-ty), n. Great happiness. STK.
Bliss; blessedness.
FE'LINE, a. Pertaining to cats and their kind;
cat-like.
FELL, a. Fierce ; cruel ; savage ; n. the hairy
hide of beasts.
FELL, v. t. To strike or cut down ; to cause to
fall.
FEL'LOE, n. The rim of a wheel. See FELLY.
FEL'LOW, n. One of a pair ; a member of a col-
lege that shares its revenues ; a member of a cor-
poration ; an associate or equal ; a man, in con-
tempt ; an ignoble man.
FEL'LOW, v.t. To match; to pair; to suit; to
fit ; in composition, fellow denotes community of
nature, station, or employment.
FfiL'LOW-FEEL'ING, n. Sympathy.
FEL'LOW-HEIR (fei'16-are), n. A co-heir; joint
heir.
FEL'LOW-SHIP, n. Society ; companionship ; in-
tercourse; connection; station in a college or
university.
FEL'LY, n. The rim of a wheel.
FEL'ON, n. One guilty of felony ; a painful tumour
or whitlow ; a. malignant ; fierce.
FE-LO'NI-OUS, a. Malignant; depraved; villain-
ous ; containing felony.
FE-LO'NI-qUS-LY, ad. As a felon ; with deliber-
ate intention to commit a crime.
FEL'O-NY, n. A crime punishable with death.
FEL'SPAE. See FELDSPAR.
FEL-SPATH'I, a. Pertaining to feldspar.
FELT, n. Cloth or stuff of wool made by rolling and
pressure with size, and without weaving ; a wool
hat; skin.
FELT, v. t. To make compact by fulling.
FELTTNG, n. The process of compacting wool
into cloth by rolling and pressing; cloth thus
made.
FE-LU'!A, n. A small two-masted vessel with
oars and lateen sails, the helm of which can be
used at either end.
FE'MALE, n. The sex that bears young ; the plant
which has pistils but no stamens.
FE'MALE, a. Noting the sex that bears young;
pertaining to females ; soft. See FEMININE.
FE'MALE-SEEW, n. The spiral-threaded cavity
into which another screw turns.
FEM'I-NlNE, a. Pertaining to woman or women;
tender; delicate. STN. Female. Female is ap-
plied to the sex merely as opposed to male ; femi-
nine to the appropriate characteristics of the sex.
A. female school should teach feminine accomplish-
ments.
FEM'0-EAL, a. Belonging to the thigh.
FfiN, n. A marsh ; bog ; morass ; a guard ; a re-
straint ; the guard of a plane to make it work at a
certain breadth.
FENCE, n. A wall, hedge, or other structure to
guard land from cattle.
FENCE, v. t. To inclose with a fence; to guard;
v. i. to raise a fence ; to practise the art of fenc-
ing ; to guard or defend.
FENCELESS, a. Destitute of a fence; unclosed;
unguarded.
FENC'EE, n. One who teaches or practises fencing.
FEN'CI-BLE, a. Capable of defence.
FEN'CI-BLES (-biz), n. pi. Soldiers enlisted spe-
cially for the defence of the country ; militia.
FEN
DOVE, WOLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BffLL ;
FENCING, n. Materials for fences ; the art or act
of inclosing with fences ; the art of using the foil
or sword for attack or defence.
FENC'ING-MAS'TER, n. One who teaches the
art of attack and defence with the sword.
FENC'ING-SHOOL (fens'ing-skool), n. A school
where the art of fencing is taught.
FEND, v. t. To repel ; to keep off; to ward off ; to
shut out ; v. i. to resist ; to parry ; to shift off.
FEND'ER, n. That which defends; a metallic
guard placed before a fire.
FE-NES'TRAL, a. Pertaining to a window.
FEN'NEL, n. A fragrant plant.
FEN'NY, a. Marshy; boggy ; growing in fens.
FEO'DAL. See FEUDAL.
FfiOFF (fSf), v. t. To invest with the fee of land.
FEOF-FEE' (fef-fee'), n. One invested with the fee
of land.
FEOFF'ER, ") , f v f/ >. <n. One who grants a fee of
FEOF'FOR, j ^ Iei " ; { land.
FEOFF'MENT (fgfment), n. Act of enfeoffing or
granting a fee.
FE-RA'CIOUS, o. Fruitful; producing abund-
antly.
FE'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to holidays.
FE'RINE, a. Wild; savage; cruel.
FfiR^iTY" NE3S '} n ' Savage fierceness ; wildness.
FER'MENT, n. A gentle boiling, or the internal
motion of the parts of a fluid ; heat ; tumult ;
1C5
FEU
yeast.
i\ER-]
FER-MENT', r. t. To set in motion ; to heat ; to
excite or raise by internal motion ; v. i. to work ;
to effervesce ; to be in motion, &c.
IER-MENT-A-BlL'1-TY, n. Capability of being
fermented.
FER-MNT'A-BLE, o. Susceptible of fermenta-
tion.
FER-MENT'AL, a. Having the power to cause fer-
mentation.
FER-MEN-TA'TION, n. The process by which
organic substances undergo a change, occasioned
by heat and moisture producing gas or spirit ; a
working, as of liquors.
FER-MENT'A-TIVE, a. Causing fermentation.
FERN, n. A genus of cryptogamic plants.
FE-RO'CIOUS (-rd'shusj, a. Marked by cruelty ;
rapacious. SYN. Fierce; savage; barbarous.
When these words are applied to human feelings
or conduct, ferocious describes the disposition ;
fierce, the haste and violence of an act ; barbarous,
the coarseness and brutality by which it is marked ;
savage, the cruel and unfeeling spirit which it
shows. A man is ferocious in his temper, fierce in
his actions, barbarous in the accomplishment of his
purposes, savage in the spirit and feelings expres-
sed in his words or deeds.
FE-RO'CIOUS-LY, ad. Fiercely.
FE-RO'CIOUS-NESS, > n. Savage fierceness;
FE-ROC'I-TY (-ros'e-ty, f cruelty.
FER'RE-OUS, a. Pertaining to iron; made of
iron ; like iron.
FER'RET, n. A species of weasel; woollen tape ; in
glass-making, the iron with which workmen tr> the
melted glass ; also an iron for making rings for tiie
mouth of bottles.
FER'RET, v. t. To drive from a lurking-place or
place of concealment.
FER'RI-AGE, n. Fare or toll for passing a ferry.
FER-RlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing or yielding iron.
FER-RO-CY'A-NATE, n. A compound of ferrocyanic
acid and a base ; ferroprussiate.
FER-Rti'Gl-NOUS, o. Impregnated with oxide of
iron.
FER-Rft'GO, n. A disease of plants caused by mi-
nute fungi, known as the rust.
FER'RULE (fgr'ril or fer'rule), n. A ring of metal
put round a cane or stick to strengthen it.
FER'RY, n. A place for passing a river or lake ; a
boat ; right of passage.
FER'RY, v. t. To convey over water in a boat ; v. i.
to pass over water in a boat.
-easK; 6as j; aasz; cnassH; THIS.
FER'RY-BOAT, n. A boat for conveying passen-
gers over streams, &c.
FER'RY-MAN, n. One who attends or keeps a
ferry.
FER-TI-LI-ZA'TION, n. The act of making fertile ;
the function of the pollen on the pistil of plants.
FER'TlLE (13), a. Capable of producing abun-
dantly ; productive. SYN. Fruitful. Fertile de-
notes the power of producing, fruitful the act.
The prairies of the West are fertile by nature, and
will soon be turned by cultivation into a fruitful
field.
FER-TlL'I-TY, n. Fruitfulness ; abundant re-
sources ; the quality of producing largely. SYN.
Productiveness; richness; fecundity.
FER'TIL-IZE, v. t. To enrich, as land ; to make
fruitful.
FER'TIL-IZ-ER, n. Some agent which fertilizes.
FER-U-LA'CEOUS (-la'shus), o. Pertaining to
reeds or canes.
FER'ULE (fgr'ril or fgr'rule), . A wooden pallet
or slice, used to punish children in school.
FER'ULE, v. t. To punish with a ferule.
FER'VEN-CY, n. Ardency, as in prayer ; eager-
ness ; animated zeal.
FER'VENT (13), a. Warm; ardent; zealous.-*
SYN. Glowing; earnest; devoted.
FER'VENT-LY, ad. With fervour ; warmly ; vehe-
mently.
FER'VID, a. Hot; boiling; warm; animated;
earnest.
FER'VID-LY, ad. With glowing warmth.
FfiR'VID-NESS,) n. Heat; warmth of mind;
FER'VOUR, j" zeal; ardour*
FES'TAL, a. Relating to a feast ; joyous ; merry.
FES'TER, v. i. To rankle; to grow virulent; to
corrupt.
FES'TER, n. A sore inflamed and filled with
matter.
FES'TI-VAL, a. Pertaining to a feast ; joyous ; n.
a feast ; a solemn day. See FEAST.
FES'TlVE, ~)a. Pertaining to or becoming a
FES'TIV-OUS, ) feast ; gay ; mirthful.
FES-TlV'I-TY, n. Social joy or mirth ; gaiety.
FES-TQQN', n. A garland, or an imitation of a
wreath or garland.
FES-TOON', v. t. To form in festoons; to adorn
with testoons.
FE'TAL, a. Relating to a fetus.
FETCH, v. t. To go and bring ; to draw ; to reach ;
to attain.
FETCH, n. A stratagem ; artifice ; trick.
FETE (fate), n. [Fr.] A festival ; a holiday.
FE'TICH (fe'tish), n. An African idol or charm.
FfiT'I-C?' } n " The worshi P of idols -
FET'ID, a. Rank; strong; offensive to the sin ell.
FET'LOCK, n. Hair behind the pastern of a horse.
FE'TOR, n. A strong offensive smell ; stench.
FET'TER, n. A chain for the feet.
FET'TER, v. t. To chain ; to shackle; to bind.
FET'TER-LESS, a. Without fetters.
FE'TUS, n. ; pi. FJE'TDS-ES. A child or animal in the
womb.
FEQD (fude), n. Violent quarrel; contention;
broil.
FEUD (fude), n. Land held of a superior on the
condition of rendering service to the lord.
FEOD'AL (fu'dal), a. Held of a lord or superior on
condition ; pertaining to or consisting of feuds.
FEOD'AL-ISM (fu'dal-izm), n. The system of
feudal tenures.
FEUD-AL'I-TY, n. The state or quality of being
feudal.
FEOD-AL-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of reducing to
feudal tenure.
FEOD'AL-SYS'TEM, n. That system by which
persons holding a feud or fief were bound to serve
the owner at home or abroad in wars, &c.
FEOD'A-RY (fu'da-ry), a. Holding land of a su-
perior.
FEUD'A-TO-RY, n. One who holds of a superior.
FEU
165
FIL
I, B, &c., long. A, S, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
FECD'IST, n. A writer on feuds.
FE'VEE, n. A disease marked by increase of heat
and an accelerated pulse.
FE'VEE-ISH, a. Affected with slight fever ; hot ;
fickle.
FE'VEE-ISH-NESS, n. The state of being fever-
ish; a slight febrile affection.
FF7VEE-OUS, a. Affected with fever or ague.
FEW (fu) , a. A small number ; not many.
FEWNESS (fu'ness), n. Smallness of number;
paucity.
FEZ, n. A Turkish cap.
Fl'AT, n. Literally, let it be done ; a decree ; com-
mand.
FlB, n. A story ; lie ; falsehood. (Childish.)
FlB, v. i. To tell that which is false ; to lie.
FI B'BEE, n. One that tells lies.
FI'BRE, n. A slender thread ; applied also to the
filaments of animal, mineral, and vegetable sub-
stances ; the capillary root of a plant.
FI'BEIL, n. A small fibre ; a slender thread.
FI'BEIN, TI. A substance found in coagulated
blood, allied to protein, constituting muscular
fibre.
FI'BROUS, a. Consisting of or containing fibres.
FlB'0-LA. n. The outer and less bone of the
leg.
FIOK'LE (ftkld), o. Changeable in mind; waver-
ing; capricious.
FI-GK'LE-NESS, n. Inconstancy ; changeableness ;
uncertainty.
FtG'TlLE, a. Moulded into form by art ; wrought
by a potter.
Pl'TION (fik'shun), n. An invented story; a
tale ; the act of feigning or inventing. STN. Fa-
brication ; falsehood. Fiction is opposed to what
is real, it may or may not be intended to deceive ;
a fabrication, as here spoken of, is a fiction wrought
up for the purpose of deceiving ; a falsehood re-
quires less invention, being merely a false state-
ment.
FIG-TI'TIOUS (-ttsh'us), o. Feigned; imaginary;
counterfeit.
FI-Tr'TIOTJS-LY, ad. Cotmterfeitly ; falsely.
FID, n. A square bar of wood, with a shoulder at
one end to support the top-mast of a ship ; a pin
of hard wood or iron, tapering to a point, for
opening the strands of a rope in splicing.
FID'DLE, n. A stringed instrument of music ; a
violin.
FID'DLE, v. i. To play on a violin ; to trifle ; to
shift hands and do nothing.
FiD'DLE-FAD'DLE, n. Trifling talk ; nonsense.
FID'DLEE, n. One who plays on a violin ; a crab.
FiD'DLE-STlCK, n. The bow and string for play-
ing on a violin.
FIDDLE-STRING, n. The string of a violin.
Fl-DEL'I-TY, n. Strict performance of an obliga-
tion or trust ; adherence to truth. STN. Faith-
fulness; exactness; loyalty; veracity; honesty.
FlbG'ET, v. i. To move by fits and starts.
FlDG'ET, n. Constant motion of the body; rest-
Fl DG'ET-Y, a. Eestless ; uneasy.
Fl-DU'CIAL, } a. Confident ; undoubting firm ;
Fl-Dtt'CIA-EY, j held in trust.
FI-DU'CIA-RY, n. One who holds in trust.
FIE (fl), ex. Denoting dislike or contempt.
FIEF (feef), w. A fee ; feud or estate held of a su-
FlfiLD (feeld),7i. Apiece of inclosed land ; ground;
place of battle.
FIELD'-JBOQK, n. A book used in surveying land,
for noting angles, distances, &c.
FIELD'-6L'OUE$, n. pi. In war, small flags to
mark the jground for squadrons and battalions.
FIELD'-MAE-SHAL, n. Commander of an army.
FIELD'-OF-FI-CER, n. An officer of a regiment
above the rank of captain.
FIELD'-PIECE, n. A small cannon for armies.
FIELD'-SPOETS, n. pi. Diversions of the field, as
hunting.
FALL, WHT } THfiRE, TERM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
FIEND (feend), TI. An implacable enemy; an in
fernal; the devil.
FIEND'FUL, a. Full of evil or malignant practices.
FIENDISH, a. Malicious ; devilish.
F IEECE (feerce), o. Vehement; eager in attack.
See FEROCIOUS.
FIERCE'LY, ad. With rage ; furiously.
FIEKCE'NESS, n. Eager violence ; rage ; impetu-
osity, [temper.
FPER-I-NESS, n. A great heat; warmth of
Fl'EE-Y, a. Consisting of fire; hot; fierce; pas-
sionate; bright; glaring.
FIFE, n. A small pipe or wind-instrument of
music.
FIFE, v. i. To play on a fife.
FlF'EE, TI. One who plays the fife.
FIFTEEN, a. Five and ten.
FIFTEENTH, a. Noting the number fifteen ; the
ordinal of fifteen ; n. a fifteenth part ; in music,
the double octave.
FIFTH, o. Next above the fourth ; n. in music, an
interval of three tones and a semitone, the most
perfect of all chords except the octave.
FlFTH'LY, ad. In the fifth place.
FIF'TI-ETH, a. The ordinal of fifty ; elliptically,
or as a noun, the fiftieth part.
FlF'TY, a. Five tens ; five times ten.
FlG, n. A tree and its fruit ; a term of contempt ;
a spongy excrescence on the feet of some horses.
FIGHT (fite), v. i. [pret. and pp. FOUGHT (faut.)
To contend in battle j to strive ; to struggle to
resist or check; v. t. to carry on a contention
with ; to war against.
FIGHT (fite), n. A struggle for victory between
two parties. SYN. Combat ; contest ; affray ;
battle; action; engagement.
FIGHT'EE, 71. One who fights ; a warrior.
FIGHT'ING, n. Contention ; battle ; quarrel.
FIG'-LEAF, n. The leaf of the fig-tree.
FlG'MENT, n. Invention ; fiction ; device.
FIG-tl-EA-BlL'I-TY, 71. Capacity of fixed form.
FlG'C-EA-BLE (ftg'yu-ra-bl), a. Capable of figure
or shape.
FI&U-RANT, n. m. \ [Fr.] One who dances at
FICfU-RANTE, n. f. $ the opera in groups or fig-
ures ; an accessory actor on the stage who has
nothing to say ; hence, one who figures in a scene,
but takes no prominent part.
FlG/tl-EATE, a. Of a determinate form; resemb-
ling anything of a determinate form.
FIG-U-EATION, n. The act of giving figure or
determinate form ; mixture of cords and discords
in music.
FIG'0-EA-TlVE, a. Typical; metaphorical.
FlG'tT-RA-TlVE-LY, ad. By a figure ; by allusion ;
in a sense different from the original meaning of
the words.
FIG'OEE (fig'yiir), n. The form or shape of any
: thing expressed by its outline ; appearance ; rep-
! resentation in painting ; person ; striking charac-
j ter; metaphor; type; design; a character for a
number; the steps taken by a dancer; in logic,
the disposition of the middle term ; in astrology,
the horoscope ; in grammar, a departure from plain
language.
FlG'UEE (ftg'yur), v. t. To form or mould into
shape ; to make a drawing or painting ; to cover or
mark with figures ; to symbolize ; to imagine ; to
! foreshow; v. i. to make a figure; to be distin-
guished.
I FlG'OEE-HfiAD, n. A carved head or figure at the
head of a ship over the cut-water.
FlG'CR-ING, n. The act of making figures.
Fl-LA'CEOUS (fe-la'shus), a. Composed of threads.
FlL'A-MENT, n. A slender thread ; a fibre ; in
botany, the thread-like part of the stamen which
supports the anther.
FlL-A-MENT'OUS, a. Consisting of fine filaments ;
like a slender thread.
FlL'A-TO-RY, n. A machine for spinning threads.
FiL'A-TUEE, n. A forming into thread; the reel-
ing of silk from cocoons ; a place for reeling silk.
FIL
167
FIN
D6VE, WOLF, BQQK ; R^LE, BTJLL ; vl" CIOTJS. 6 as K ; 6 as J ; 8 OS Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
FlL'BEET, n. An egg-shaped nut of the hazel Fl'NAL, a. Pertaining to or forming an end or
conclusion a final cause is the object ultimately
aimed at. SYN. Conclusive ; ultimate. Final
(finis) is now appropriated to that which brings
with it an end, as a final adjustment, the final
judgment, &c. Conclusive (literally, shutting up)
implies the closing of all future discussion, nego-
tiation, &c., a's a conclusive argument or fact, a
conclusive arrangement. Ultimate has reference
to something earlier or preceding, as a temporary
reverse may lead to an ultimate triumph. The
statements which a man finally makes may be
perfectly conclusive as to his ultimate intentions.
Fl-NA'LE (fe-na'la), n. [Fr.] In music, the close ;
the winding up or completion of a thing.
Fl-NiL'I-TY, 7i. The final state ; the last winding
up of things. [covery.
FI'NAL-LY, ad. Lastly; f ully ; beyond all re*
FI-NANCE' (fe-nance'), n. Eevenue ; income from
kind.
FILCH, 0. t. To steal ; to purloin ; to pilfer.
FILCH'EE, n. One who commits petty thefts; a
pilferer.
FlLCHING-LY, ad. By pilfering or petty theft.
FILE, n. A tool for smoothing iron; a thread,
line, or wire on which papers are strung; bundle
of papers ; a row of soldiers.
FILE, i?. t. To cut or abrade with a file ; to wear
away ; to polish ; to march, in file ; to string on a
thread or wire; hence, to place in order, as
FILE'-LAD-EE, n, The soldier placed in front of
a file.
FIL'TAL (ffl'yal), o. Pertaining to or becoming a
child.
FIL-I-A"TION, n. The relation of a child to a
parent ; adoption ; settling the paternity of a bas-
tard.
FIL'I-FOEM, o.
thread.
FIL'I-GEEE, n.
Thread-shaped ; slender as a
Ornamental work in gold or sil-
ver, like little tlireads or grains.
FlL'I-GEEED, a. Ornamented with filigree.
FIL'ING, n. The act of smoothing with a file ;
the putting papers on file.
FILINGS, n. pi. Particles rubbed off with a file.
taxes or rent.
Fl-NAN'CES, n. pi. Funds in the public treasury
or accruing to it ; individual resources or income.
Fl-NAN'CIAL (fe-nan'shal), o. Pertaining to fi-
nance.
FIN-AN-CIEE' (fin-an-seerO, n. One skilled in re-
venue ; one who has the care of revenue.
FI'NA-EY. ee FINERY.
FINCH, n. A genus of small singing-birds.
'o put or pour till a thing is full; to FIND, v. t. [pret. and pp. FOUND.] Literally, to come
to or light upon ; to know by experience ; to dis-
cover by searching ; to declare by verdict ; to
FILL, v. t.
store ; to supply ; to make plump ; to satisfy ; to
officiate in or hold.
FILL, v. i. To fill a cup or glass ; to give to drink ;
to become full.
FILL, n. Fulness ; as much as supplies want.
F1LLE DE CRAM'BEE (-sham'br), n. [Fr.] A
chambermaid.
FlL'LET, 7i. A head-band; a joint of meat; an
ornament in architecture ; in carpentry, &c., a
small timber for supporting the ends of boards ;
in gilding, a little rule or reglet of leaf-gold; the
loins of a horse.
FlL'LET, v. t. To bind with a fillet or band.
FIL'LI-BEG, n. A Scotch Highland dress or kilt.
FlL'LI-BtJS'TEE, n. A Spanish name for piratical
adventurers or buccaneers.
FILL'ING, n. The woof in weaving; a making
fall ; supply ; in carpentry, short timbers fitted
against roofs, &c., of partitions which break in on
the whole length.
FlL'LIP, v. t. To strike with the nail of the finger ;
forced from the thumb by a sudden motion.
FlL'LIP, n. A stroke with the finger.
FlL'LY, n. A young mare-colt ; a wild girl.
FiLM, 7i. A think skin or pellicle on the eye ; v. t.
to cover with a pellicle or skin.
FlLMT, a. Composed of film or pellicles.
FI-LOSE', o. Ending in a thread-like process;
thread-like.
FiL'TEE, 7i. A piecp of cloth, &c for a strainer ; a
strainer.
FiL'TEE, v. t. To purify or defecate, as liquor, by
passing it through a porous substance ; v. i. to
percolate ; to pass through a filter.
FIL'TEE-ING-PA'PER, n. A porus, unsized paper,
which will admit water to pass through it.
FlLTH, n. Foul or dirty matter; corruption ; pol-
lution.
FILTH'I-LY, ad. Dirtily; with foulness.
FlLTH'I-NESS, 71. Dirtiness; foulness; defile-
ment.
FlLTHTT, a. Abounding in filth ; morally impure ;
corrupting. SYN*. Nasty; foul; dirty; squalid j
gross: impure; polluted.
FlL'TEATE, v. t. To filter ; to strain ; to defecate ;
to percolate.
FIL-TEA'TION, n. The act or process of filtering.
FIM'BEI-ATE, a. Frinsred, as with hair bristles.
FIM'BEI-ATE, v. t. To hem ; to fringe.
FIN, 7i. A fish's membrane supported by rays, by
means of which it swims.
FIN'A-BLE, a. That may be fined; subject or lia-
ble to a fine.
supply SYN. To ascertain; experience; learn;
gain; arrive at.
FlNLVEE, n. One that discovers or gains what is
lost or unknown.
FlND'ING, n. Discovery ; act of meeting with or
attaining; verdict or decision of a jury or court.
FlND'INGS, 7i. pi. The tools, &c., a journeyman
shoemaker is to furnish in his employment ; the
trimmings of shoes, m thread, binding, &c.
FINE, a. Not coarse physically, as fine sand, fine
linen; a fine polish, edge, &c.; not coarse in feel-
ing or intellect, as a ./me genius, taste, &c. ; hence,
refined; delicate; showy. SYN. Beautiful.
When used as a word of praise, fine (being op-
posed to coarse) denotes " no ordinary tMng of its
kind." It is not so strong as leautiful, in refer-
ence to the single attribute implied in the latter ;
but when we speak of a fine woman, we embrace
more, viz., all the qualities becoming a woman
breeding, sentiment, tact, &c. The same is true
of a, fine garden, landscape, horse, poem, &c. ; and
the word, though applied to a great variety of ob-
jects, has still a very definite sense, denoting a
high degree of characteristic excellence, though
not the very highest. When used in dispraise, it
denotes that the fineness is carried to an extreme.
FINE, 7i. A penalty ; forfeiture ; in fine, in conclu-
sion.
FINE, v. t. To inflict a penalty on ; to refine.
FINE' AETS, n. pi. The arts which embellish, and
which depend chiefly on the imagination, as poe-
try, music, sculpture, and painting.
FINE'DRAW, v. t. To sew up a rent with great
nicety.
FlNE'-FlN^'GEEED, a. Nice in workmanship;
dextrous at fine work.
FINE'LY, ad. In minute parts ; to a thin, sharp
edge ; gayly ; beautifully ; dextrously ; by irony,
wretchedly.
FlNE'NESS, 7t. Minuteness; thinness; sharpness ;
elegance; clearness; purity; showiness; sub-
tilty ; ingenuity.
FlN'EE, n. One who purifies metals, &c.
FlN'ER-Y, 7i. Fine dress; a splendid appearance ;
in iron tcorfcs, a furnace where cast iron is con-
verted into malleable iron.
FlNE'-SPCN, a. Drawn to a fine thread.
Fl-NESSE' (fe-n5ssO, n. Subtilty of contrivance
to gain a point. SYN. Artifice; trick; craft; v. t.
to use stratagem or artifice.
FI-X ESS'ING, 7i. The practice of artifice.
FIN 168
1, 1, Ac., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
FlN'-FOQT-ED, o. Having palmated feet with th
toes connected by a membrane.
FINGQEE (flngfcer), n. An extremity of the hand
in music, skill in playing on keyed instruments.
FlN'GER, v. t. To handle; to touch lightly; t<
play upon ; to pilfer.
FING'GER-BOARD, n. The board of the neck of
violin, &c., where the fingers act on the strings.
FlN G 'GER.ED (flng-gerd), a. Having fingers; in
botany, digitate,
FlNG'GER-ING (f tag'ger-ing), n. The act of touch
ing lightly ; manner of touching an instrument.
FlN G 'GER-POST, n. A post with a finger point
ing, for directing passengers.
FIN'I-AL, n. The bunch of foliage at the top of a
pinnacle ; the pinnacle itself.
FlN'I-eAL, a. Affectedly nice or showy. SYN
Spruce; foppish. One who is spruce is elabo
ratelynice in dress; one who is finical shows his
affectation in language and manner as well as
dress; one who is foppish seeks to distinguish
himself by the cut of his clothes, the tawdriness ot
his ornaments, and the ostentation of his manner
FlN'I-AL-LY, ad. Gayly ; with affected fineness
FlN'ING, n. The process of clarifying^ or defecat-
ing; in the plural, finings, a solution of gelatin
used for the purpose.
FIN'ING-POT, n. A vessel for refining metals.
FI'NIS, n. [L.] The end ; conclusion ; close.
FlN'ISH, v. t. To complete; to make perfect; to
bring to an end ; to polish fully.
FlN'ISHED (fin'isht), a. Perfected to the highest
degree.
FlN'ISH-ER, n. One who completes ; one who puts
on the last polish.
FlN'ISH-ING, n. Bringing to a close; the last;
giving perfection ; the last stroke ; utmost polish ;
completeness.
Fl'NlTE, a. Bounded ; limited ; opposed to infinite.
FI'NITE-LY, ad. Within limits ; to a certain de-
gree only.
Fl'NlTE-NESS, n. Limitedness; confinement.
FIN'LESS, a. Without fins.
FlN'LlKE, a. Resembling a fin.
FlNT^I-KIN, n. A pigeon with a crest somewhat
like the mane of a horse.
FlN'NY, a. Furnished with fins, as fish.
FIN -TOED (fin'tode), a. Having toes connected or
webbed.
FlR (17), n. The name of several species of pinus,
allied to pines ; valuable for timber, &c.
FIRE, n. Heat and light; light; a burning; con-
flagration ; ardour of passion ; liveliness of imagin-
ation, &c. ; trouble.
FIRE, v. t. To set on fire ; to discharge, as arms ;
to inflame; in farriery, to cauterize; v. i. to take
fire ; to be kindled; to discharge guns.
FIRE'- ARMS, n. pi. Arms which are charged and
fired off with gunpowder.
FIRE'-BALL, n. A meteor ; a grenade.
FlRE'-BOARD, n. A board used to close a fire-
place in summer.
FlRE'-BRAND, n. Wood on fire ; an incendiary
one who inflames the passions of others.
FlRE'-BRlCK, n. A brick so made as to resist
intense heat.
FIRE'-CLAY, n. A kind of clay used in making
fire-bricks.
FIRE' -eOMTA-NY, n. A company of men at-
tached to a fire-engine.
FlRE'-DAMP, n. The explosive carburetted hy-
drogen of coal mines.
FIRE'-EAT'ER, n. One who resorts to fire-arms in
private altercations. [Low.}
FIRE'-EN'GINE, n. An engine to throw water to
extinguish fires.
FlRE'-ES--eAPE', n. A ladder or contrivance to
assist persons to escape from buildings on fire.
FIRE-FLY, n. An insect which emits a luminous
secretion and shines in the dark.
FIRE'-HQQK, n. A large hook for pulling down
inpg in fire?.
FIS
FALL, WHAT; THftRE, T^RM ; MARINE, BfRD; MOVE,
FlRE'-I-RONS (-I-urnzJ, n. pi. The irons belonging
to a fire-place.
FIRE'LOCK, n. A musket or gun with a lock.
FIRE'MAN, n. A man who keeps up the fire in a
steam-boat, &c. ; a member of a fire company.
FlRE'-MAS'TER, n. An oflicer of artillery who
directs the composition of fire-works.
FlRE'-NEW (-nu), a. New from the maker ; quite
new.
FlRE'-CJF'FlCE, n. An office for insuring against
fires.
FIRE'-PLACE, n. The place for fire in a house.
FlRE'-PLtTG, n. A plug for drawing water from a
pipe to extinguish lires.
FIRE'-PROOF, a. Proof against fires.
FlRE'-SET, n. A set of irons for the fire-place.
FlRE'-SHlP, n. A ship to set other ships on fire.
FIRE'-SH6V-EL (-shuv-vl), n. A shovel or instru-
ment for taking up fire or ashes.
FIRE'SIDE, n. Hearth ; chimney ; domestic life i
home.
FIRE'SIDE, a. Belonging to home ; domestic.
FIRE'-STONE, n. Any stone that stands fire with-
out injury, particularly a calcareo-arenaceous
member of the upper greensand.
FlRE'-WARD, 5 n. An oflicer who directs
FIRE'- WARD-EN, ) others at fires.
FIRE'-WOOD, n. Wood for fuel.
FlRE'-WORK, n. Preparations of powder and
other materials for exploding in the air.
FIR'ING, n. Act of setting fire to; discharge of
guns, &c. ; fuel for fires ; in farriery, the process
of cautery by means of a hot iron to the skin.
FlR'KIN (17), n. A vessel of eight or nine gallons ;
the fourth part of a barrel.
FlRM (17) , a. Closely compacted ; not easily shaken
or moved; solid. SYN. Sturdy; resolute; con-
stant.
FlRM, v. t. To fix ; to settle ; to establish.
FIRM, n. A partnership; a trading-house or its
name.
FlRM'A-MENT (17), n. The region of the air ; the
sky or heavens.
FlRM-A-1 "
A-MENT'AL, a. Belonging to the firma-
ment.
FIR'MAN (17), n. A Turkish licence or passport.
FlRM'LY,ad. Strongly; with fixedness ; steadily;
compactly.
FlRM'NESS, n. Strength arising from compact-
ness of structure, as the firmness of oak ; hence
fixedness of purpose, as firmness of soul. SYN
Constancy. firmness belongs to the will, and
constancy to the affections a'ud principles ; the
former prevents us from yielding, and the latter
from fluctuating. Without firmness a man r-is no
character; "without constancy," says Addison,
"there is neither love, friendship, nor virtue iu
the world."
iRST, o. Foremost in time, place, or rank ; chief;
principal ; the ordinal of one.
IRST, ad. In the first place ; before all others.
FlRST'-BORN, a. First brought into the world ;
n. the eldest child.
FlRST'-FLOOR, n. In Britain, the floor next
above the ground-floor; called in the United
States the second story.
iRST'-FRtJITS, n. pi. First produce or profits;
earliest effect.
IRST'LING, n. Young of cattle first produced.
IRST'-RATE, a. Pre-eminent ; being of the larg-
est size.
'IS'AL, a. Pertaining to a treasury ; n. reve-
nue ; a treasurer.
'ISH, n. An animal living in water.
1SH, v. t. To catch ; to draw up ; to strengthen,
as a mast ; to search by raking or sweeping ; v. i.
to attempt to catch fish ; to try to obtain by
artifice ; to draw forth indirectly.
FlSH'ER, n. One who catches fish.
ISH'ER-MAN, n. One whose busiuess is catching
fish.
FiSH'ER-Y, n. The place or business of fishing.
FIS
169
FLA
6VE, WOLF, BOQK ; B^LE, BTJLL ; VJF'CIOUS.
F1Z?GIG G ' ) " An instrument for stabbing fish.
FISH'-HOOK, 7i. A hook for catching fish.
FlSH'LXG, 7i. Act of taking fish ; a. used or em-
ployed in fishing.
FlSH'ING-PLACE, n. A place where fish are
caught with seines.
FlSH'ING^-TACK'LE, n. Hooks, lines, &c. f used
in catching fish.
FlSH'-KET'TLE, n. A kettle to boil fish in.
FlSH'-MAR'KET, 71. A market where fish are sold.
FlSH'-MONQ'GEE (-mung'ger;, 71. One who deals
in fish.
FiSK'-POND, n. A pond in which fish are kept or
bred.
FISH'-TEOW-EL, n. A broad silver knife for carv-
ing fish.
FiSH% a. Like a fish , tasting or smelling like a
fish.
FIS'SILE (fts'sil), a. That can be cleft or divided.
FIS-SlL'I-TY, . The quality of being cleavable.
FIS-SlP'A-EOUS, a. Applied to animals which
propagate by spontaneous division into minute
FlS'SOEE (ftsh'ynr), n. A cleft; a chasm; longi-
tudinal openin?.
FIS'SUEE, v. t. "To cleave ; to divide ; to fracture.
FlST, n. The hand clenched.
FIST, v. t. To beat or hold fast with the fist.
FlST'I-GUFFS, n. pi. A contest with fists.
FlST'C-LA, n. A pipe or reed; a sinuous ulcer.
FlSTC-LAR, a. Hollow, like a pipe.
FIST'0-LATE, v. i. To become a pipe or fistula.
FIST'C-LI-FOEM, a. Beine in hollow columns.
FlST'C-LOUS, | a. Hollow like a pipe ; of the na-
FlST'C-LOSE, j ture of or relating to a fistula.
FIT, 71. A paroxysm or attack of spasms; a sudden
and violent attack of disorder ; any short return
after intermission ; a period or interval ; a tem-
porary affection.
FIT, o. Suited to the nature and property of
things ; having the requisite qualifications. SYN.
Suitable ; proper ; meet ; becoming ; apposite ;
congruous.
FlT, v. t. To suit ; to adapt ; to equip ; to qualify.
FlT'FUL, a. Varied by sudden impulses.
FITLY, ad. Suitably ; conveniently ; justly.
FlT'NESS, 7> . State of being fit. SYN. Adaptation ;
expediency; justness; meetness; preparation.
FITTER. n~ One who makes fit or suitable.
FlT'TING-LY.ad, Suitably; properly.
FlTZ. A son, commonly applied to illegitimate
sonsol kincrs, &c., as Fitzroy.
FIVE, a. Noting the sum of two and three.
FIVE' FOLD, a. Taken or repeated five times.
FJ VE'PART-ED, a. Divided into five parts.
FIVES, n. A kind of play with a ball ; also a di-
sease of horses resembling the strangles; vives.
FIX, r. t. To set firmly ; to make stable; to fasten ;
v. i. to settle or remain permanent; to fix on is to
determine upon or establish. SYN. To arrange or
put in order. i<ix denotes to set firmly, as to fix
the eye on some one; his teeth were^xed. It is a
prevalent error in America to give this word the
sense of arrange or put in order, as to fix the fire ;
to ./to: one's hair.
FlX'A-BLE (fiks'a-bl), a. That may be fixed.
FIX-A TION (fiks-a'shun), n. Act of fixing sta-
bility ; firm state.
FIXED (Hxt), pp. or a. In a firm state; settled;
established; not volatile ; not wandering.
FlX'ED-LY, ad. Firmly ; steadfastly.
FlX'ED-NESS, 7i. State of being fast or firm;
stability; solidity; settled opinion.
FlX'I-TY, 7i. Firm coherence of parts ; that prop-
erty of bodies by which they resist dissipation by
heat.
FlXT'CEE (fikst'yur), n. Fixedness; something
fixed or attached to a building not to be removed.
FlX'UEE ffiks'yur), n. Position ; firmness.
FLAB'Bl-NESS/Ti. A soft, flexible state, causing
it to be movable and yielding to pr^ssr/ie.
, -easx; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as BH ; *HIS.
FLAB'BY, a. Soft ; yielding to the touch; loos*.
FLA-BEL'LI-FOEM, a. Fan-shaped.
FLA'CID (flak'sid), a. Lax; weak; Umber.
FLA-C1D'I-TY, } (mv ^ ^ \ n. Laxity ; lim-
FLA-6'CID-NESS, j ^^^ Sld ^' \ berness ; want of
firmness.
FLAG, V. i. To become weak; to hang loose; tc
decline ; to grow spiritless ; v. t. to let fall into
feebleness ; to lay with flat stones or flags. SYN.
To fail ; droop ; languish ; pine.
FLAG, 7i. A plant ; a species of Iris ; a flat stone
or pavement of flat stones ; colours, or an ensig-n.
FLAG'EL-LANT, n. One who whips himself in
t. To whip; to
religious discipline.
^LAG'EL-LATE (flad'jel-late), v.
scourge.
FLAG-EL-LA'TION, n. A whipping ; a beating or
flogging ; discipline of the scourge.
FLAG'EO-LET (flaj'o-let), n. A small wind instru.
ment, with a mouth-piece and stops.
FLAG'GI-NESS, n. Laxity ; limberness.
FLAG'GY, a. Weak; flexible; limber.; abounding
in flags.
FLA-GI"TIOUS (-jlsli'us), a. Extremely wicked.
SYN. Atrocious ; flagrant ; heinous ; profligate ;
abandoned.
FLA-GI"TIOUS-NESS, . Most atrocious wicked-
ness ; villainy. [ron.
FLAG'-OF-FI-CER, 71. The commander of a squad-
FLAG'ON, n. A vessel with a narrow mouth.
FLA'GEAN-CY, 71. Excess; enormity.
FLA'GEANT, a. Literally, burning; hence, glaring ;
enormous.
FLA'GEANT-LY, ad. Ardently; notoriously.
FLAG'SHlP, n. The head ship of a squadron.
FLAG'-STAF F, n. A staff to support a flag.
FLAG'-STONE, 71. A flat stone for pavement.
FLAIL, n. An instrument for thrashing.
FLAKE, n. A scale; a thin, light mass, as a fl*ke
of snow or fire ; a layer or stratum ; a scaffold for
drying fish.
FLAKE, v. t. To form into scales, layers, or thia
plates ; v. i. to break into flakes ; to peel off.
FLAKE'-WHITE, n. The purest white lead.
FLA'KY, o. Consisting of flakes ; lying in layers ;
broken into loose thin plates.
FLAM, 7i. A pretence; an idle story; v. t. to de-
ceive ; to gull.
PLAM'BEAU (flanVbo), n. [JV.] A lighted torch at
illuminations and processions.
FLAME, n. A blaze ; burning gas ; heat ; rage ;
vigour of thought; one beloved. See BLAZE.
FLAME, v. i. To burn with a blaze ; to shine ; to
break forth with the violence of passion.
FLAME'-eOL-OUEED (-kul-lurd), a. Ha-
bright yellow colour.
FLAME'LESS, o. Destitute of flame.
FLA'MEN, n. In ancient Rome, a priest.
FLAMING, a. Burning with a blaze ; bright ; red ;
violent; exciting. [mence.
FLAM'ING-LY, ad. Very brightly; with vehe-
f LA-MING' GO, n. [Sp.] A bird of warm climates,
with very long legs and neck, and of a bright red
colour.
FLA-MIN'I-AL, a. Pertaiuinar to a flamen.
FLAM-MA-BIL'I-TY, n. Aptness to take fire.
FLAM'ME-OUS, a. Consisting of flame; like a
flame.
FLAM-MlF'EE-OUS, a. Producing flame.
FLAM-MIV'O-MOUS, a. Vomiting flames.
FLAM'Y, a. Blazing ; burning as a flame.
FLANCH, 7i. The part in a piece of mechanism
which is screwed to something else.
FLANGE, n. The projecting edge on the rim of a
wheel; a projecting part of any piece of n..
ism that may be screwed to a similar piece.
FLANK, n. The side of the body or of an army ;
the part of the bastion which reaches from the
curtain to the face ; the side of a building.
FLAXK, r. t. To attack or turn the flank; to se-
cure or guard on the side ; to erect a battery which
may play right and left on an enemy without be-
FLA
170
JfLE
I, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
ing exposed to his fire ; to pass round the side ;
v. i. to border ; to touch; to be posted on the out-
side.
FLANK'ER, n. A fortification projecting out, sc
to command the side of the assailant.
FLANK'ERS, n. pi. Troops on the side employed
to secure the line of march.
FLAN'NEL, w. A soft woollen cloth.
FLAP, TC. A piece of cloth that swings loosely ; the
motion or blow of any thing broad and loose ; the
loose part of a coat or other garment behind, &c. ;
a disease in the lips of horses.
FLAP, 17. *. To strike with any thing flat or thin ;
v. i. to move as wings ; to fall.
FLAP'-DRAG-ON, n. A play of catching raisins
out of burning- brandy, and extinguishing them in
the mouth and eating them.
FLAP'-EARED (-eerd), a. Having broad ears.
FLAF-JACK, n. A griddle-cake, so called from
being flapped over when turned ; called also
slap-jack ; an apple-puff.
FLARE (4), v. i. To waver ; to flutter ; to burn un-
steadily ; to make a show ; to glitter with a tran-
sient lustre ; to open or spread out.
FLARE'-UP, n. A sudden burst of anger.
FLAB/ING, a. Making a display; opening out-
ward.
FLASH, n. A sudden burst of light ; a sudden
burst of flame ; a sudden burst, as of wit or merri-
ment ; a short or transient state ; a preparation
for colouring brandy and rum, and giving them a
fictitious strength.
FLASH, v. i. To burst suddenly, as light or flame ;
v. t. to strike a burst of light, as to flash con-
viction on the mind.
FLASH'-HOUSE, n. A resort of thieves and other
rogues, and a depository of their plunder.
FLASH'I-LY, ad. With empty show or glare.
FLASHINGS, n. pi. Pieces of metal let into the
joints of a wall over the gutters, &c. so as to
guard from the splashing of rain.
FLASH'Y, a. Gay ; showy ; gaudy ; insipid.
FLASK, n. A kind of bottle ; a vessel for powder.
FLASK'ET, n. A sort of large basket.
FLAT, a. Having a dead-level; downright, as a
flat refusal; wanting in elevation; not acute; a
wanting in prominence or point, as a flat remark.
SYN. Even; level; insipid; dull; spiritless.
FLAT, n. A level piece of land ; a floor ; a shoal ;
a broad boat ; mark of depression in music.
FLAT, v.t. To level ; to depress ; to lay smooth or
even ; to make vapid or tasteless ; v. i. to grow
flat ; to become insipid; in music, to depress the
voice.
FLAT'-BOT-TOMED (-bot-tomd), a. Having the
bottom flat.
FLAT-FISH, n. A fish with a broad flat body,
which swims on one side, and has both eyes on
one side, as a fluke.
FLAT'-I-RON (-i-urn), n An iron for smoothing
clothes.
FLA'-TlVE, a. Producing wind.
FLAT'LY, ad. Evenly ; without spirit ; down-
right.
FLAT'NESS, n. Evenness; lowness; vapidness;
gravity of sound as opposed to sharpness or shrill-
ness.
FLAT'TEN (flat'tn), t>. t. To make flat; to beat
down to the ground ; to depress ; to dispirit ; in
music, to render less acute or sharp ; v. i. to grow
or become even on the surface ; to become dead,
stale, or tasteless ; to become dull or spiritless ;
to depress the voice.
FLATTER, v. t. To soothe or please by praise ; to
praise excessively; to encourage by favourable re-
presentations ; to raise false hopes ; to wheedle.
FLAT'TER-ER, n. One who praises another to
gain his favour, please him, &c.
FLAT TER-ING, a. Pleasing to pride ; favourable ;
parasitical. SYN. Gratifying; encouraging; adu-
latory.
FLAT'TER-ING-LY, ad. So as to gratify.
FALL WHAT ; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, BtBD ; MOVE,
FLAT'TER-Y, n. Excessive or false praise; com-
mendation ; adulation ; obsequiousness. SYN.
Sycophancy; laudation; wheedling.
FLAT'TISH, a. Somewhat flat ; dull or vapid.
FLAT'U-LENCE, ") n. Wind in the intestines-
FLAT'tJ-LEN-CY, $ airiness ; vanity.
FLAT'0-LENT, a. Windy ; puffy ; empty
FLAT'C-LENT-LY, ad. As if from or with flatu-
lence.
FLA'TUS, n. [L.] Wind ; a puff of air ; a breath.
FLAT'WISE, a. or ad. With the flat side down-
ward ; not edgewise.
FLAUNT (flant), v. i- To throw or spread out; to
strut ; to display ostentatiously.
FLAUNT, n. Something that hangs loosely ; any
thing displayed for show.
FLA'VOUR, n. A peculiar taste or smell. SYN.
Savour ; odour ; scent ; relish.
FLA'VOUR, v. t. To give a pleasant taste or smul
to.
FLA'VOUR-LESS, a. Destitute of flavour; tas.te-
less.
FLA'VOUR-OUS, a. Pleasant to the taste or
smell.
FLAW, n. A break; defect; fault. SYN. Blemish
imperfection ; crack ; squall.
FLAW, v. t. To break ; to crack ; to injure.
FLAWLESS, a. Free from cracks or defects.
FLAWY, a. Having flaws; defective; subject to
sudden gusts of wind.
FLAX, n. The plant of which linen is made ; the
fibrous part when hatcheled or combed.
FLAX'-OMB, n. A toothed instrument through
which flax is drawn in preparing it for spinning j
a hatchel.
FLAX'-DRESS-ER, n. One who breaks and swin-
gles flax.
FLAX'EN (flSk'sn), a. Made of or like flax ; fair.
FLAX'-SEED, n. The seed of flax.
FLAY (fla), v . t. To strip off the skin ; to skin.
FLAY'ER, n. One who strips off the skin.
FLEA (fle) , n. An insect whose bite is annoying.
FLEA'-BANE, n. The name given to several plants
which are supposed to keep off or poison fleas.
FLEA'-BITE, n. The bite of a flea ; the red spot
so caused ; a trifling wound.
FLEA'-BlT-TjEN (fle'-bit-tn), a. Bitten by a flea ;
mean ; worthless.
FLEAM, n. An instrument for bleeding cattle.
FLECK, ) v. t. To spot; to streak; to varie-
FLECK'ER, J gate ; to dapple.
FLECTION (flgk'shun), n. Act of bending ; a state
of being bent.
FLEDGE, v. t. To furnish with plumes or wings.
FLEDGE'LING, n. A young bird just fledged.
FLEE, v. i. [pret. and pp. FLED.] To run with
rapidity, as from danger ; to attempt to escape ; to
escape ; to avoid.
FLEECE, n. The coat of wool shorn from a sheep
at once.
FLEECE, v. t. To shear off a covering of wool ; to
strip by severe exactions ; to spread over, as with
wool ; to make white.
FLEE'CER, n. One who strips or exacts.
FLEE'CY, a. Covered with wool ; like wool.
FLEER, v. i. To mock; to jeer; to grin with
scorn; v. t. to gibe; to flout at.
FLEER, n. Mockery ; a scornful grin.
FLEER'ING-LY, ad. In scornful mockery.
FLEJJT, a . Swift ; nimble ; quick in motion ; light.
FLEET, n. A number of ships in company.
FLEET, v. i. To fly or pass swiftly; to flit; v. t. to
skim the surface ; to pass over rapidly.
FLEET'FQOT, a. Able to run rapidly.
FLEETING, o. Literally, taking its flight; not
durable. SYN. Transient ; transitory. Tran-
sient represents a thing as short at the best ; tran-
sitory as liable at any moment to pass away.
Fleeting goes further, and represents it as in the
act of taking its flight. Life is transient ; its joys
are transitory ; its hours are fleeting.
FLEET'LY, ad. Swiftly ; rapidly.
FLE
171
FLO
DOVE, WOLF, BQOK J RULE, BULL ; VICIOUS. -6 as K ; 6 as J ; S RS 7. ; CH as SH ; IHIS,
FLlP'PANT-LY, ad, With ease and volubility.
FLIPPANT-NESS, n. Eapidity of speech; pert-
FLEET'NESS, ft. Swiftness of motion; speed; ce
lerity. STN. Eapidity ; velocity ; nimbleness
quickness.
FLEM'ING, ft. A native of Flanders.
FLEM'ISH, a. Pertaining to Flanders.
FLENSE, v. t. To cut up a whale and obtain it
blubber.
FLESH, ft. Animal food; human nature ; the softe
solids of animals ; animal nature ; carnal state
kindred stock ; family ; pulpy substance of frui
STN. Meat ; body ; carnality ; corruption ; rela
tionship ; kin ; pulp.
FLESH, v. t. To initiate; to accustom ; to glut.
FLESH'-BEtFSH, ft. A brush to excite action of th
skin.
FLESH'-COL-OUE (-Ml-ur), ft. The colour of th
flesh.
FLESH'-HQOK, ft. A hook to take flesh from a pot
FLESH'I-NESS, n. Corpulence; fatness; plumpness
FLESH'LI-NESS, n. Carnal passions and appetites
FLESH'LY, a. Carnal; gross; animal; human
bodily.
FLESH'Y, a. Corpulent ; fat ; plump.
FLETCH, v. t. To feather an arrow.
FLEUR DE LIS' (flur de le'), ft. Corrupted in Eng
lish to flower de luce. [Fr.] Flower of the lily ; i
bearing in heraldry representing the lily or ar
row head ; an emblem of royalty.
FLEX (fiSks), v. t. To bend, as a muscle flexes the
arm.
FLEX-I-BlLT-TY, ft. Pliancy; capacity of being
bent or of being persuaded.
FLEX'I-BLE (fleks'e-bl), a. Capable of being bent
easily managed or turned; pliant; ductile. STN
Pliable; tractable; manageable; yielding.
FLEX'I-BLE-NESS, ft. Pliancy; tractableness
facility of mind.
FLEX'lLE (flC-ks'il), o. Pliant; pliable; easil^
bent.
FLEX'ION (flek'shun), ft. Act of bending ; a turn
or bend ; the action of the flexor muscles.
FLEX'OE, ft. In anatomy, a muscle which serve
to bend the part into which it is inserted, in op-
position to the extensor.
FLEX'U-OUS,
FLEX'tJ-OSE
x Jo. Bending; wind-
u " ; ' 1 ing.
FLEX'CEE (flgks'ynr), n . A bending or winding ;
the part bent ; a joint.
FLlCK'EE, v. i. To flutter ; to flap the wings ; to
fluctuate or twinkle.
FLICK'EE-ING, a. Wavering; twinkling; fluc-
tuating ; n. a fluttering ; a short irregular move-
ment.
FLl'EE, n. One that flies; part of a machine
which, by moving rapidly, equalizes and regu-
lates the motion of the whole.
FLIGHT (fllte), n. A running away; a flock of
birds flying in company ; a mounting; a soaring;
an extravagant sally, flight of stairs, a series of
stairs from the floor.
FLIGHT'I-NESS, n. Wildness; delirium.
FLIGHT'Y (fli'ty), a. Wild; fanciful; fleeting.
FLlM'SI-LY, ad. Slightly ; weakly ; superficially.
FLIM'SI-NESS, ft. Thinness; want of solidity;
weakness of texture.
FLlM'SY, a. Without solidity or strength-STN.
Light; superficial; feeble ; shallow ; vain ; spirit-
less ; mean.
FLINCH, v. i. To draw back ; to shrink ; to fail.
FLlN'DEES, n. pi. Small pieces or splinters.
FLlNG, v. t. [pret. and pp. FLUNG.] To cast ; to
throw ; to baffle ; to defeat; v. i. to flounce; to
wince ; to cast in the teeth ; to sneer.
FLlNG, n. A throw ; a gibe ; a sneer.
FLINT, n. A hard stone occuring in the chalk ; a
species of quartz ; a stone used for striking fire.
FLlNTTT, o. Made of flint; very hard; cruel; in-
exorable ; full of flint-stones.
FLIP, n. A drink made of beer, spirit, and sugar.
FLIP'PAN-CY, n. Fluency or volubility of speech.
FLlP'PANT, a. Eapid in speech ; having a voluble
tongue; talkative; pert; petulant.
FLIRT (17), v. t. To throw with a jerk; to toss;
v. i. to jeer or gibe ; to run and dart about ; to
play at courtship ; to coquet.
FLlET, n. A sudden jerk ; a pert, volatile girl.
FLlE-TATION, n. A flirting ; desire of attracting
notice ; playing at courtship ; coquetry,
FLIT, v. i. To flutter ; to fly swift ; to dart along ;
in Scotland, to remove from one habitation to an-
other.
FLITCH, n. A side of pork salted and cured.
FLlT'TEE, <u. i. To flutter ; to flap the wings.
FLIT TEE-MOUSE, n. The bat.
FLIT'TING, a. Variable; flying; changing.
FLOAT, n. Something swimming; a raft; a cork
or quill used in angling ; a wave ; a wooden trowel
used by plasterers to float over or smooth a wall.
FLOAT, v. i. To swim on the surface ; to move or
be conveyed on water ; to be buoyed up ; to move
with a light, irregular course ; v. t. to cause to
pass by swimming ; to cause to be conveyed by
water ; to cover with water ; to smooth with a
float, dipped often in water, as the plastering of a
wall.
FLOAT'AGE, n. Any thing that floats.
FLOAT'-BOAEDS, n. pi. Cross-boards of a water-
wheel on which the water strikes, giving motion
to the wheel.
FLOAT'ING-BRlDGE, n. A bridge which rests on
the surface of the water.
FLOAT'Y, a. Buoyant ; swimming on the surface.
FLO^'-eU-LENCE, n. Adhesion in small locks.
FLO'U-LENT, a. Adhering in small locks.
FLOCK, n. A collection of small animals, as sheep
and fowls ; a crowd ; a lock, as of wool.
FLOCK, v. t. To gather in a crowd ; to assemble.
FLOCK'-BED, ft. A bed filled with locks of wool.
FLOE (flo), n. A large mass of floating ice.
FLOG, v. t. To whip ; to lash ; to chastise.
FLOG'GING, . A whipping ; chastisement.
FLOOD (flud) , n. The deluge in the days of Noah ;
a great quantity ; flow of tide ; inundation.
?LOOD (.flud), v. t. To overflow ; to inundate.
FLOOD'-GATE, n. A gate to stop or let out water.
FLpOD'-MAEK, n. The mark to which the tide
rises ; high-water mark.
LOOK, n. See FLUKE.
TLOOE, ,. The bottom of a room or building on
which we walk ; platform ; a story in a building.
LOOE, v. t. To lay or furnish with a floor; to
prostrate.
FLOORING, a. Used for floors ; ft. a platform ;
materials for a floor ; making a floor.
TLOP, v. t. To clip the wings ; to flap.
ft. The goddess of flowers ; an account
of flowers ; the botany of a particular country or
^.^ ^AL, a. Pertaining to flowers or to Flora.
FLOE'EN-TlNE (-teen), n. A kind of silk cloth ;
a native of Florence.
LO-EES'CENCE, ft. The season of flowering in
plants.
FLO'EET, ft. A partial or separate little flower of
an aggregate flower ; a little flower.
'LO 'RI-eULT-tRE, n. The rearing of flowers.
TLOE'ID, a. Flushed with red ; flowery ; showy.
'LO-ElD-I-TY, ") ft. Eedness ; fresh colour ; fresh-
'LOE'ID-NESS, ) ness of complexion ; showy em-
bellishment.
LO-ElF'ER-OUS, a. Producing flowers.
LO'RI-FOEM,.a. In the form of a flower.
LOE'IN, ft. A coin of different values ; a modern
British coin worth two shillings.
LO'EIST, ft. One who cultivates flowers.
Lollu.LOUS, } Composed of little flowers.
LOS'-GULE, ft. A floret which is part of an aggre-
gate flower.
LOSS, ft. Filaments of untwisted silk.
LO'TA, ft. A fleet of Spanish Ships.
FLO
172
FLY
1, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAK, LAST,
FLOT'AfiE. See FLOATAGE.
FLO-TA'TION, n. The act of floating.
FLO-TlL'LA, n. A little fleet or fleet of small
vessels.
FLOT'SAM, ) n. In law, goods cast from a ship, and
FLOTSOM, J afterwards found floating on the sea.
FLOUNCE, v. t. To deck with a flounce.
FLOUNCE, n. A loose trimming or frill on a lady's
gown or other dress; a sudden jerking motion of
the body.
FLOUNCE, v . i. To jerk or struggle violently.
FLOUN'DER, v. i. To struggle as a horse in the
mire or water ; to roll and tumble.
FLOUN'DER, TI. A small flat-fish.
FLOUR, . The fine part of grain, ground, sifted,
or bolted ; the fine part of any thing.
FLOUR, v. t. To grind and bolt; to sprinkle with
flour.
FLOUR'ISH (fliir'rish), v. t. To brandish, as a
sword ; to make bold strokes ; to embellish ; v, i.
to thrive ; to be prosperous ; to make bold strokes ,
to embellish; to boast. SYN. Toc'row; increase;
abound ; prosper ; display ; vaunt.
FLOCR'ISH (flur'rish), n. Parade of words; a
brandishing ; bold strokes or figures in writing or
speech; in music, an air not played by rule; a
sounding of trumpets in honour of some one.
FLOUT, v. t. To mock ; to treat with contempt ;
v. i. to practise mocking ; to sneer at.
FLOUT, n. Mockery ; contemptuous fling.
FLOUT'ER, n. A mocker ; one who flouts or jeers.
FLOUT'ING-LY, ad. Insultingly; with jeers.
PLOW (flo), v. t. To cover with water ; v. i. to
move as a liquid or a substance whose particles
are loose ; to proceed or run easily ; to rise, as a
tide ; to issue ; to be full.
FLOW (flo), n. A stream; current; abundance;
rise of water ; volubility.
FLOWER (flou'er;, n. The blossom of a plant;
the prime or best part.
FLOWER, v. i. To blossom forth; to be in the
prime ; to froth ; to ferment gently ; v. t. to em-
bellish with figures.
FLOWEB-AGE, n. The being in flower; flowers
taken collectively.
FLOWER DE LUCE, n. A kind of lily; flag-
flower ; the iris.
FLOWER-ET, n. A small flower.
FLOW'ER-I-NESS, n. An abounding with flowers ;
floridness of speech.
FLOWER-LESS, a. Having no flowers.
FLOWER-STALK (-stawk), TI. The peduncle or
stem of a flower.
FLOWER-Y, a. Full of flowers : embellished with
FLOWING, a. Moving, as water ; smooth ; liquid ;
fluent.
FLU'ATE, n. In chemistry, a compound of fluoric
acid with a salifiable base.
FLUT'0-ATE (flukt'yu-ate), v. i. To move back-
ward and forward, as if on a wave ; to rise and
fall. SYN. To vacillate ; waver. Fluctuate is ap-
plied both to things and persons, and denotes that
they move as they are acted upon. The stocks
fluctuate; a man fluctuates between conflicting
influences. Facillate and waver apply only to
persons, and represent them as in an active state.
A man vacillates when he goes backward and for-
ward in his opinions and purposes, without any
fixity of mind or principles. A man wavers when
he shrinks back or hesitates at the approach of
difficulty or danger.
FLUT-U-A'TION, n. A waving motion ; unsteadi-
ness; uncertainty.
FLUE (flu), n. A passage for smoke; soft fur or
down ; very fine hair.
FLC'EN-CY, n. The quality of flowing ; smooth-
ness of speech ; readiness of utterance ; volubility.
FLU'ENT, o. Flowing ; uttering words with ease.
FLU'ENT, n. A stream; in mathematics, a variable
quantity.
FLC'ENT-LY, ad. With easy flow of utterance.
TALL, WHAT; THiftE, TBRM; MARINE, BtKD ; MOVE,
FLU'GEL-MAN (flu'gl-man), n. In German, the
leader of a file ; a soldier who marks the time for
the motions in the drill.
FLU'ID, a. Having parts which easily move, as
water ; flowing ; liquid.
FLU'ID, 7i. A liquid or flowing substance.
FLU-ID'I-TY, ) n. The quality of being capable oi
FLU'ID-NESS, j flowing.
FLUKE, n. The part of an anchor which fastens in
the ground ; a sailor's name for the tail of a whale :
a small flat-fish.
FLUME, 7i. A passage for water carrying a mill-
wheel.
FLUM'MER-Y, n. Spoon-meat of milk and flour ;
in vulgar use, any thing insipid or not to the pur-
pose; flattery.
FLUNK'EY-ISM, n. Meanness ; base conduct.
FLUNK'Y, 7i. A mean, base-spirited fellow ; ill
Scotch, flunlcie is a livery-servant.
FLU'OR, n. A fluate of lime, usually called flour-
spar or Derbyshire spar ; menstrual flux.
FLU-OR'I, a. Pertaining to fluor.
FLU-OR'I AC'ID, n. An acid obtained from fluor
spar that eats into glass.
FLU'OR-INE, 7i. A yellowish brownish gas, one of
the acidifying and basifying principles.
FLUR'RY. n. Sudden blast or gust of wind ; a
bustle.
FLUR'RY, . t. To put in confusion ; to disturb.
FLUSH, a. Fresh ; full of vigour ; affluent ; level.
FLUSH, n. A sudden flow of blood to the face;
glow ; bloom ; run of cards of the same suit.
FLUSH, v. t. To cause the blood to rush suddenly
into the face ; to excite the spirits ; v. i. to redden
suddenly ; to appear suddenly red ; to be gay or
beautiful ; to glow.
FLUSH'DECK, n. In a ship, a deck without a half-
deck or forecastle.
FLUSH'ING, n. A glow in the face.
FLOS'TER, n. Heat; glow; agitation. [rosy.
FLUS'TER, v. t. To confuse; to heat; to make
FLUTE, n. A musical instrument played on by
the breath and fingers on stops ; armed en flute,
used of a ship when part of her guns are removed ;
a furrow in a column, &c.
FLUTE, v. t. To cut hollow; to form channels in
a column ; to form flutes in a lady's ruffle.
FLUT'ING, 7i. Fluted work on a column, &c.
FLUT'IST, 7i. A performer on the flute.
FLUTTER, v. i. To move the wings rapidly ; v. t.
to disorder; to hurry the mind; to agitate; to
throw into confusion.
FLUT'TER, n. Rapid movement; hurry ; agitation.
FLUT"TER-ING, a. Hovering; agitating; n. a
flapping of the wings ; agitation.
FLU-VI-AT'I, -) a. Belonging to or growing in a
FLU'VI-AL, f river; produced by river
FLU'VI-A-TILEJ action.
FLUX (fliiks), n. Amoving in succession; a flow-
ing; looseness; a substance to aid the melting of
metals.
FLUX, v. t. To melt or fuse ; to make fluid.
FLUX-ATION, n. A flowing away and giving
place to others.
FLUX-IL'I-TY, 7i. Capability of being fused.
FLUX'ION (fluk'shun), 71. A flowing. Fluxions, a
higher branch of mathematics.
FLUX'ION-AL, -) a. Pertaining to mathematical
FL0X'ION-A-RY, j fluxions.
FLY, v. i. [pret. FLEW, pp. FLOWN.3 To move with
the wings ; to move rapidly ; to shun ; to burst
open ; to spring by elastic force ; v. t. to shun ; to
avoid ; to cause to float in the air.
FLY, 7i. A winged insect ; a contrivance to equal-
ize motion or accumulate power in a machine ; a
light carriage.
FLY'-BLOW (-bio), v. t. To lay eggs which pro-
duce maggots or taint in any thing.
FLY'-BLOW, n. The egg of a fly.
FLY'ER, 7i. One that flies or runs away; the fly pi
a jack ; parallel steps in stairs ; a performer in
Mexico who flies round a post.
FLY
B6VE, WOLF, BOOK ;
173
FOO
, BTTLt ; VICIOUS. -6 as K ; 6 as J J t 0.3 Z ; CH as SH ; IHI3.
FLY'EES, n. pi. That part of a spinning-whee
which, with rapid motion, spins the thread.
FLY'-FlSH, v. i. To angle with flies for bait.
FLY'ING, a. Floating ; triumphant, as flying col
purs ; waving ; moving ; light ; n. act of moving
in the air.
FLY'ING BElDfiE, n. A bridge of pontoons or of
a boat, moored in mid-stream, that swings iron
side to side. ptoral fins
FLY'ING-FlSH, n. A fish that flies with its pec-
FLY'-LEAF. n. A blank leaf at the beginning or
end of a booic. [support the leaf.
FLY'EAIL, n. A part of the table that turns to
FLY'SPECK, n. A stain left by a fly.
FLY'- WHEEL, n. A wheel in machinery that
equalizes its movements.
FO, n. The name oi Buddha in China.
FOAL, n. A colt ; a filly ; young of the mare, &c.
FOAL, v. t. To bring forth a colt ; v. i. to bring
forth young, as a mare or she- ass.
FOAM, v. i. To froth; to be in a rage; to throw
out with rage.
FOAM, n. Froth ; spume ; rage.
FOAM'ING-LY, ad. Frothily ; ragingly.
FOAM'Y, o. Covered with froth ; frothy.
FOB, n. A small pocket for a watch.
FOB, v. t. To cheat ; to trick ; to defraud.
FO'-G AL, a. Belonging to a focus or point ; in law,
the right oi taking wood for fuel.
FO'CUS, n. ; pi. FO'-GUS-ES, Fo'cl. [L.] A fire-place ;
a point in which rays of heat or light are concen-
trated by a lens or a concave mirror ; a point of
concentration ; in conies, a point where rays re-
flected from all parts oi the curve concur or meet.
FOD'DEE, n. Food or dry food for cattle.
FOD'DEE, v. t. To feed, as cattle. [to another.
FOE, n. An euemyinwar; anyonehostileoropposecl
FOE'MAN, 7i. An enemy in war.
Fffi'TAL. See FETAL.
FCETI-CIDE (fet'i-slde), n. The act by which
criminal abortion is produced.
FCE'TUS. See FETUS. [from water ; after-grass.
FOG, n. A thick vapour rising from the earth or
FOG'-BANK, n. At sea, an appearance in hazy
weather as if of land, but which vanishes when
approached.
FOG'-BELL, 7i. A bell on some dangerous point of
a coast, rung by machinery to warn vessels during
FOG'Gi-LY, ad. Mistily ; darkly ; cloudily.
FOG'GI-NESS, n. State of being foggy.
FOG^GY, a. Abounding with misty vapour; dull;
stupid.
FO'GY, 7i. A stickler for old things ; one opposed
to progress.
FOH, int. An exclamation of contempt.
FOI'BLE, n. A weakness ; a failing ; a fault.
FOIL, v. t. To defeat; to frustrate; to render of
no effect ; to blunt ; to interrupt ; to puzzle.
FOIL, 7i. Defeat ; a blunt sword ; a thin leaf of
metal ; leaf -like form in windows, &c., called tre-
foil, &c. ; any thing which serves to set off an-
other thing by contrast ; track or trail of game.
FOIN, v. t. To push or prick in fencing ; n. a thrust
or push.
FOIST, v. t. To insert wrongfully or secretly.
FOIST'Y. See FUSTY.
FOLD, n. A pen for sheep ; a flock of sheep ; a
doubling or plait ; in composition, the same quan-
tity added, as two-fold.
FOLD, v. t. To double over j to lay in plaits ; to
pen up ; to complicate. [ment to fold paper.
FOLD'EE, n. One who folds anything; an instru-
FOLD'ING, n. That which may close over another,
as doors or joints made like a hinge ; a fold.
FO-LI-A'CEOUS (-a'shus), a. Leafy or with scales.
FO'LI-AGE, n. Leaves of trees ; a cluster of leaves.
FO'LI-ATE, T. t. To beat into a thin plate ; to
cover with a leaf of tin and quicksilver.
FO-LI-A'TION, n. The beating into plates ; the
leafing of plants ; the mode in which leaves lie in
the bud ; the covering with leaf or plate.
FO-LlF'ER-OUS, o. Producing leaves.
FO'LI-O (fole-o or fol'yo)), n. ; pi. Fo'n-5s. A
book of two leaves to a sheet; a leaf; a book
among 7nerc7iants, or two pages of an account-
book ; a certain number of words in a page, from
72 to 90, in law papers,
FO'LI-O (fo'li-o or tol'yo), a. Pertaining to a folio
or to a volume of the largest size.
FOLK (foke), n. ; pi. FOLKS. People in general.
FOL'LOW, v. t. The leading idea is that of going
after, as to follow a leader ; hence, to imitate or
obey, as to follow a pattern, to follow directions ;
to be consequent upon, as poverty follows intem-
perance. Other varieties need not be enumer-
ated. SYN. To pursue. To -follow denotes simp-
ly to go after ; to pursue denotes to follow with
earnestness, and with a view to attain some de-
finite object, as a hound pursues the deer.
FOL'LOW, v. i. To come after ; to be consequent
upon. SYN. To succeed. To _folloio means simp-
ly to come after, as a crowd followed j to succeed
means to come after in some regular series or
succession, as day succeeds to day, and night to
night.
FOL'LOW-EE, n. One who follows ; a disciple ;
one of the same faction or party ; a part of any
machinery that goes or closes xip after another ;
a beam in a press which brings down the weight.
SYN. Imitator ; partisan ; attendant ; chaser.
FOL'LY, 7i. Weakness of understanding ; an ab-
surd or sinful act ; an imprudent act.
FO-MENT, v. t. To apply warm lotions ; to heat
or excite ; to abet.
FO-MEN-TA'TION, n. A bathing with warm lo-
tions ; instigation.
FO-MENT'EE, n. One who foments.
FOND, a. Foolish ; silly ; foolishly tender ; loving ;
relishing highly.
FON'DLE, v. t. To dote on ; to treat with tender-
ness.
FOND'LEE, 7i. One who treats with tenderness.
FOND'LING, n. One fondled or caressed.
FOND'LY, ad. With affection; lovingly; dot-
ingly.
FOND'NESS, n. Affection ; love ; tenderness.
FON'DUS, 7i. A kind of painting in which the
colours are blended into one another.
FONT, n. A baptismal basin ; assortment of types.
FONT'AL, a. Pertaining to a fount or source.
FONT'A-NEL, n. An issue for discharging hu-
mours ; an open space in an infant's skull.
FOOD, 7i. That which is eaten or supplies nutri-
ment. SYN. Sustenance ; provisions ; aliment ;
nutriment; feed; fare; victuals; meat.
FOOL, 7i. One destitute of reason ; an idiot ; also
one who acts absurdly ; a buffoon ; a term of re-
proach ; a weak person.
FOOL, v. t. To disappoint ; to impose on ; v. t.
to trifle ; to toy ; to spend time idly.
FOOL'EE-Y, 71. The practice of folly ; habitual
folly ; attention to trifles.
FOOL'-HAED-I-NESS, n. Foolish rashness;
courage without judgment or sense.
FOOL'-HAEb-Y, a. Madly adventurous ; rash.
SYN. Venturesome; rash ; precipitate ; headlong;
incautious.
FOOL'ISH, a. Weak in understanding; silly;
marked by folly ; ridiculous ; in Scripture, wicked.
fN. Shallow; irrational; vain; trifling; con-
temptible ; sinful.
FOOL'ISH-LY, ad. Weakly ; absurdly ; wickedly.
FOOL'ISH-NESS, n. Want of understanding;
folly ; in Scripture, wickedness.
FOOLSCAP, n. A kind of writing-paper, usually
about 17 inches by 14.
FOOL'S'-ER-EAND, n. The pursuit of that which
can not be found.
FOOT, n. ; pi. FEKT. That on which athing stands ;
the lower part of a thing ; state ; condition ; the
lower termination of the leg ; a measure of 13
inches; division in poetry; infantry. Sea FOOT-
ING.
FOO
174
FOE
i, fi, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CAEE, FAK, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THBEE, TiEM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
FQQT, v. i. To dance ; to walk ; v. t. to tread ; to
spurn ; to add the numbers in a column and set
the sum at the foot, as to foot up an account.
FOQT'-BALL, n, A large inflated ball driven by the
foot ; the sport of kicking foot-ball.
FOOT'-BOY, n. A boy in livery ; a servant ; a boy
to run errands.
FOOT'-BBiDGE, n. A narrow bridge for passen-
gers.
FOOTMDL6TH, n. A qloth to cover ahorse, reach-
ing to his heels ; a cloth at the bottom of a carri-
3, &c.
n '-FAJJL, n. The foot-step ; a trip or tumble.
"-GtJABDS, m. pi. Guards of infantry.
'QCXF-FOLD, n. That which firmly sustains the
foot, or on which one may rest securely.
~"ING, n. Foundation; support for the feet.
"MAN, 7i. A man-servant ; a runner.
"-PACE, n. A slow walk ; a broad stair.
?'-PAD, n. One who robs on foot.
?'-PATH, n. A way for foot passengers.
'"-POST, n. A messenger that travels on foot.
"STEP, n. The mark of a foot ; a track ; in
the plural, footsteps ; example ; way ; course,
FOOT'-STOOL, n. A stool for the feet.
FOP, n. A vain, weak, trifling man ; a gay cox-
comb ; an animal.
F(*)P'PER-Y, n. The manners or dress of a fop.
FOPPISH, a. Vain ; gaudy ; foolish.
FOP'PISH-LY, ad. With ostentation and folly.
FOPPISH-NESS, n. Foppish manners or dress.
FOB, prep. Because of; in hope of; in place of;
in favour of ; according to ; against ; toward ; in
return of j during ; by means of.
FOE, con. The word by which a reason is intro-
duced of something before advanced; because;
on this account that ; properly, for that.
FOR'A^E, n. Food for horses or cattle.
FOR AGE, v. i. To go in search of provisions for
horses ; v. t. to strip of provisions for horses.
FO-EA'MEN, n.; pi. FG-RAM'I-NA. A small hole
or opening ; a perforation ; an opening by which
nerves and blood-vessels pass through the bones.
FOE-AS-M0CH', ad. or con. Since ; seeing; because.
FO'RAY, n. A sudden pillaging incursion in peace
or in war.
FOR-BEAR' (for-bare'), v. i, [pret. FORBORE ; pp.
FORBORNM.] To cease ; to stop ; to abstain ; to
delay ; v. t. to avoid voluntarily ; to decline ; to
omit ; to spare ; to treat indulgently ; to 'withhold.
FOE-BEAE' ANCE, n. Act of forbearing ; command
of temper ; exercise of patience. SYN. Abstinence;
restraint; long-suffering; lenity; mildness.
FOR-BlD', v. t. [pret. FORBADE, FORBID ; pp. FOR-
BIDDEN, FORBID.] Literally, to bid or command
against ; to prohibit. STN. To interdict ; debar ;
prevent ; withhold; hinder.
FOR-BID'DING, a. Eepelling approach; repul-
sive. SYN. Disagreeable; offensive; odious; dis-
gusting.
FORCE, n. The generic idea is that of power,
either in actual exercise or capable of being
exerted, as physical force, mental force, moral
force, &c. ; hence, validity or legal force, an ar-
mament or military force, violence or compul-
sory force, &c. SYN. Strength. Strength, (from
strain) looks rather to power as an inward capa-
bility or energy; e.g., the strength of timber,
bodily strength, mental strength, strength of emo-
tion, &c. ; while force looks more to the out-
ward, as the force of momentum, force of cir-
cumstance, force of habit, &c. We do, indeed,
speak of strength of will and force of will ; but even
here the former may lean toward the internal
tenacity of purpose, and the latter toward the
outward expression of it in action. But, though
the two words do in a few cases touch thus closely
on each other, there is on the whole, a marked
distinction between our use of .force and strength.
FOECE, v. t. To impel forward ; to compel either
by physical or moral power ; to take by violence ;
to storm j to violate by force ; to ravish ; to cause
to ripen prematurely, as fruit. SYN. To con-
strain ; impel ; urge ; coerce ; necessitate j oblige ;
drive ; enforce.
FORCED, a. Extorted by force.
FORCE'FUL, a. Violent ; vehement ; strong.
FORCE'-MEAT, n. Meat chopped fine for stuffing.
FOR'CEPS, n. [L.] A pair of pincers or tongs.
FOR'CEE, n. One that compels; the piston of a
forcing-pump.
FOB'CI-BLE, a. Having great force ; operating by
compulsion. STN. Strong; powerful; energetic;
vehement ; mighty : efficacious ; cogent ; violent ;
overpowering ; impressive.
FOE'CI-BLE-NESS, n. State of being forcible;
force.
FOR'CI-BLY, ad. With violence ; powerfully.
FOE'CING-PtfMP, n. A pump which forces or
raises water by direct pressure of the piston.
FOED, 7i. A place where water is passed on foot.
FOED, v. t. To pass by wading.
FOED'A-BLE, a. Passable on foot ; that may be
waded.
FOB-DO', v. t. To undo ; destroy.
FOBE, a. Advanced ; being in front ; going first ;
ad before ; fore and aft, from the stem to the
stern of a ship.
FOBE, in composition, generally denotes priority of
time, sometimes of place.
FORE-ABM', v. t. To arm beforehand.
FOBE'-ARM, n. The part of the arm from tho
wrist to the elbow,
FOBE-BODE', v. t. To prognosticate ; to betoken ;
applied chiefly to something evil.
FOEE-BODE'MENT, n. A presaging; presagc-
ment.
FOBE-BOD'ING, n. Prognostication of evfl.
FOBE-BOD'ING, a. Prognosticating evil.
FOBE-/AST', v. t. or i. To plan beforehand j to
foresee.
FOEE')AST, n. Previous thought or contrivance.
FOEE'GAS-TLE (fore'kas-sl), n. The short deck iu
the fore part of a ship ; also the part under that
deck occupied by the sailors.
FOEE-CIT'ED, a. Quoted or mentioned before.
FOEE-GLOSE', v. t. To shut out ; to preclude ; in
law, to cut off the power of redemption under a
mortgage.
FOBE ! LOUCHE (fore-klo'zhur), n. Act of preclud-
ing ; a preventing ; prevention ; in law, the cutting
off the equity of redemption under a mortgage.
FOEE-DOOM', v. t. To doom beforehand.
FOBE'-END, TV. The fore part j end that is forward.
FOEE'FA-THEB, n. An ancestor.
FOBE-FfiND', v. t. To hinder ; to defend.
FOEE-FING'GEB (-fmg'ger), n. The finger next to
the thumb.
FOBE'-FOOT, n. One of the forward feet of a
quadruped ; a hand, in contempt.
FOEE-FRONT (-frunf), n. The front ; van ; fore-
head.
FOBE-GO', v. t. To forbear to possess.
FORE-GO'ING, a. Going before in time or place ;
preceding. SYN. Prior ; antecedent ; previous ;
former.
FOBE'GONE (-gawn) (20), a. Formed beforehand
FOBE'GBOUND, n. The front part of a picture.
FOBE'HAND, a. Done before.
FOBE'HAND-ED, a. Early; timely; easy in pro-
FOEE'HEAD (foVhSd), w. The upper part of the
face ; impudence ; confidence ; assurance.
FOB'EIGN (for'en), a. Belonging to another coun-
try; distant or removed in place ; not connected ;
not to the point. SYN. Outlandish; alien; ex-
otic; remote; extraneous; extrinsic.
FOE'EIGN-EB, n. A native of another country.
FOB'EIGN-NESS, TI. Eemoteness ; want of rela-
tion.
FOBE-JtTDGE', v. t. To judge beforehand.
FOEE-KNOW (fore-no'), v. t. To know before.
FOEE-KNOWL'EDGE (fpre-nol'ej), n. Knowledge
of future events j prescience.
FOR
175
FOR
D6VB, WOLF, BQ9K; RtfXE, Bt'LL ; Vl"dOT;S.
FORE'LAND, n. A promontory or cape.
FORE -LAY', v. t. To lay wait for ; to entrap by
ambush ; to contrive antecedently.
FORE'LOCK, n. A lock of hair on the forehead.
FORE'MAN, n. The chief man of a jury or in a
shop.
FORE'MiST, n. The mast nearest the head of a
ship.
FORE'-NAMED (-namd), n. Named in the part
before.
FORE'MOST, a. First in place or order.
FORE-NOON', n. The first half of the day.
FO-EEN'SLG, a. Eelating to or used in courts.
FOEE-OR-DAIN', v. t. To determine beforehand
FOEE-OE-DI-NA'TION, n. Previous ordination or
app ointment ; pred est ination .
FORE'-PAET, ?i. The part before in time or place ;
the beginning.
FOEE'-EANK, n. The rank that leads.
FOEE-EtTN', v. t. To go before ; to precede.
FORE-EtFN'NEE, n. One sent before ; a prognos-
tic ; a harbinger ; a precursor.
FORE SAIL, 7i. A sail on the fore-yard, supported
by a foremast.
FORE-SEE', v. t. To see beforehand ; to divine.
FOEE-SHAD OW, v. t. To typify or represent by a
symbol beforehand.
POBE-SHOET'JSN (-shor'tn), y. t. To shorter
some part of an object as depicted on canvas, be-
cause it appears shorter to the eye from being
viewed obliquely.
FOEE-SHORT'-EN-ING (-shor'tu-ing), n. The
representation of figures when viewed obliquely.
FOEE-SHOW, v. t. To indicate beforehand ; to
predict.
FOBE'SIDE, n. The front side of any thing.
FORE'SIGHT (-site), n. A seeing beforehand ;
penetration; prudence; forethought.
FORE'SKIN, 7i. The prepuce.
FORE'STAY, n. A rope reaching from the foremast
head to the bowsprit.
FOR'EST, n. An extensive wood ; a. pertaining to
or resembling a forest.
FORE-STALL' (fore-stawl') , v. t. To take before-
hand ; to buy goods before they reach the market.
SYN. To anticipate; pre-occupy; monopolize;
engross.
FOR'EST-ER, n. One who guards or lives in a
forest.
FORE-TASTE', v. t. To taste before ; to anticipate.
FORETASTE, n. A taste beforehand; anticipa-
tion.
FORE-TELL', v. t. [pret. and pp. FORETOLD.] To
tell before an event happens ; v. i. to utter pre-
diction or prophecy. SYN. To predict ; prophesy ;
augur; prognosticate.
FORE-TEL'LER, 71. One who predicts or pro-
phesies.
FORETHOUGHT (-thaut), n. A thinking before-
hand; provident care. SYN. Premeditation;
prescience; foresight; anticipation; forecast.
FORE-TO'KEN (-to'kn), v. t, To foreshow ; 71. pre-
vious sign.
FOEE'TOP, n. Hair above the forehead; the plat-
form near the head of the foremast.
FOR-EV'ER, ad. At all times ; to eternity ;
through endless ages. SYN. Constantly ; inces-
santly ; always; ceaselessly; endlessly; eternally.
FORE'WARD, 71. The van ; the front.
FORE-WARN', v. t. To admonish beforehand ; to
give previous caution.
FORE-WARN'ING, n. Previous caution.
FUE'FEIT (for'fit), t>. t. To lose by an offence.
FOE'FEIT (for'fit, a. Lost by fine or crime, &c. ;
liable to seizure.
FOE'FEIT (for'fit), n. That which is lost by an
offence.
FOE'FEIT- A-BLE (foVfit-a-bl), a. That may be
forfeited.
FOE'FEIT-QEE (for'fit-yur) , n. Act of forfeiting ;
thing forfeited ; an estate forfeited. SYN. Fine ;
mulct ; amercement ; penalty.
e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
FOBGE, 71. A furnace or place where iron is beaten
int9 form ; the act of working iron or steel.
FORGE, v. t. To form by hammering ; to counter-
feit; to make by any means; to make falsely.
SYN. To fabricate ; frame ; counterfeit ; feign.
FOEG'EE, n. One who forges or counterfeits.
FOEG'EE-Y, 7i. Act or crime of counterfeiting ;
that which is forged or counterfeited.
FOE-GET', v. t. [pret. FORGOT; FOKGAT Cobs.); pp.
FORGOT, FORGOTTEN.] To lose the remembrance
of ; to slight ; to neglect.
FOE-GET'FUL, a. Apt to forget; not bearing in
mind ; causing to forget. SYN. Unremembering ;
unmindful ; heedless ; inattentive.
FOE-GET'FUL-NESS, n. Aptness to lose remem-
brance; neglect j inattention.
FOE-GET'-ME-NOT', n. A small, beautiful blue
flower, the myosotis, the emblem of fidelity.
FOE-GET'TEE, 71. One who forgets.
FOEG'ING, 7i. Hammering ; beating into shape ;
counterfeiting.
FOE-GlVE', v. t. [pret. FORGAVE ; pp. FORGIVEN.]
To overlook an offence; to remit, as a debt, pen
alty, or offence ; to pardon.
FOR-GlVE'NESS, n. The overlooking of an of-
fence ; removal of anger ; disposition to forgive.
SYN. Pardon. Forgiveness is Saxon, and ,
Norman, both denoting to give bacfc. The word
pardon being early used in our Bible, has, in re-
ligious matters, the same sense as forgiveness ; but
in the language of common life there is a differ-
ence between them, such as we often find be-
tween corresponding Saxon and Norman words.
Forgive points to inward feeling, and supposes
alienated affection ; when we ask forgiveness, we
primarily seek the removal of anger. Pardon
looks more to outward things or consequences,
and is often applied to trifling matters, as when
we beg pardon for interrupting a man or for jost-
ling him in a crowd. The civil magistrate also
grants a pardon, and not forgiveness. The two
words are therefore very clearly distinguished
from each other in most cases which relate to the
common concerns of life.
FOE-GIVING, a. Pardoning ; disposed to pardon ;
merciful; placable.
FOEK, v. i. To shoot into branches ; to divide into
two ; v. t. to pitch with a fork, as hay ; to dig or
break ground with a fork ; to make sharp.
FOEK, n. An instrument with prongs.
FORKED (forkt) [pret. and pp. of FORK], a. Di
vided into branches or prongs; raised with a
fork.
FOEK'ED-NESS, n. An opening into branches.
FORK'Y, a. Divided into shoots or points ; open
ing into parts.
FOE-LORN', a. Forsaken; lost; wretched.
FOR-LORN'-HOPE', n. Men chosen in war for as-
sault or uncommon peril, [state.
FOE-LOEN'NESS, n. A forsaken or wretched
FORM, 7i. Shape ; manner ; model ; order ; exter-
nal show ; ceremony ; a mould ; in printing, types
when set up as columns or pages, inclosed in a
chase ready for an impression the outer form,
the first and last pages ; the inner form, the se-
cond and third pages. ITI the following senses the
pronunciation is form : in scJiools, a class or rank
of students ; a long seat ; the bed of a hare.
FORM, v. t. To model ; to make ; to plan ; to con-
stitute ; to arrange ; to compile ; to enact.
FOEM'AL, a. According to form ; exact to affec-
tation or stiffness ; having the appearance with-
out the substance ; having the power of making
a thing what it is. SYN. Precise; ceremonious.
A man is precise (lit., cutting down) who re-
duces things to an exact rule or standard ; form-
al who shapes himself by some set form or pat-
tern; ceremonious when he lays much stress ou
the conventional laws of social intercourse. Men
are formal in their manners, precise in their lan-
guage or observances, ceremonious in receiving and
entertaining strangers.
FOR
176
FOS
I. fi, &c., Ion?. I, i, <fcc., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, PALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM; MARINE, B!RD,
FORM'AL-ISM, n. A resting on forms in religion.
FORM'AL-IST, n. One who observes forms only,
either in religion or in other matters.
FOR-MAL'I-TY, n. Observance of forms ; cere-
mony; essence; in law, /ormalities is used for
formulas or rules of procedure.
FORM'AL-LY, ad. According to forms and cere-
monies ; in open appearance ; essentially.
FOR-MATION, 71. Act of forming ; creation ; in
geology, an assemblage of rocks formed apparently
at the same epoch, and having the same general
character of composition, organisms, &c.
FORM'A-TlVE, a. That forms ; tending to form ;
in grammar, serving to form; derivative; not
radical.
FORM'A-TlVE, 7i. That which serves merely to
give form, and is no part of the radical.
FORM'ER, 7i. One who forms or makes.
FOR'MER, a. First of two ; before time ; preced-
ing in order of time. SYN. Prior; previous; an-
terior ; antecedent ; foregoing.
FOR'MER-LY, ad. In time long past ; of old.
FOR-MI-ATIO]Sr, n. A sensation like that made
by ants creeping on the body.
FOR'MI-DA-BLE, a. Adapted to excite fear; im-
pressing dread ; powerful. SYN. Dreadful; fright-
ful; terrific; shocking; horrible. A formidable
army ; a dreadful murder ; a terrible storm ; terrific
thunder ; a shocking spectacle ; a fearful conflict.
FOR'MI-DA-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of exciting
dread.
FOR'MI-DA-BLY, ad. In a manner to excite fear.
FORM'LESS, a. Having no distinct shape ; amor-
phous.
FORM'C-LA, n. ; pi. FORM'U-L^!. Prescribed form
or model ; a profession of faith ; a prescription ;
a general rule or expression for solving cases;
the notation of constituents by symbols.
FORM'0-LA-RY, 71. A book of forms or precedents ;
prescribed form; a ritual; in law, a writing con-
taining the form of an oath, <fec.
FORM'tT-LA-RY, a. Stated; prescribed.
FOR'NI--eATE, v. i. To commit lewdness.
FOR-NI-ATION, n. Incontinence of unmarried
persons; idolatry.
FOR'NI--eA-TOR, 7i. A single person guilty of
lewdness ; sometimes, in (Scripture, an idolater.
FOR'RAY, n. The act of pillaging ; a hostile incur-
sion.
FOR-SAKE', v. t. [pret. FORSOOK ; pp. FORSAKEN.]
aid or favour, &c. SYN. To abandon - T relinquish ;
give up; renounce ; reject.
FtJR-SOOTH', ad. In truth j certainly, used ironi-
cally.
FOR-SWEAR' (-sware'), v. t. [pret. FORSWORE; pp.
FORSWORN.] To reject or deny upon oath; v. i.
to swear falsely ; to commit perjury.
FORT, 7i. A fortified place ; a castle.
FORTE, 7i. That department in which one excels ;
a peculiar strength or talent.
FORTH, ad. Onward in time, as from that day
forth ; out, as the plants in spring put forth leaves ;
out into view ; forward ; abroad.
FORTH--eOM'ING (-kum'ming), a. Ready to ap-
pear ; making appearance.
FORTH-WlTH', ad. Immediately ; directly.
FOR'TI-ETH, a. The tenth taken four times.
FOR-TI-FI-OA'TION, n. A work for defence ; a
fortified place ; additional strength ; the art or
science of fortifying places. See FORTRESS.
FOR'TI-FI-ER, 7i. One who fortifies or confirms.
FOR'TI-FY, v. t. To erect works to defend ; to add
strength and firmness to. SYN. To secure ; con-
firm ; invigorate ; strengthen ; encourage ; enable.
FOR'TI-TUDE, n. That strength or firmness of
mind which enables a person to encounter danger
with coolness or courage, or to bear pain or ad-
versity without murmuring or despondency. SYN.
Resolution: resoluteness; endurance.
FORTLNIGHT (fort'mte), n. Contracted from four,
teenth night : the space of two weeks.
FORTRESS, n. A fortified place; a stronghold.
SYN. Fortification; castle; citadel. A fortress
is constructed for military purposes only, and is
permanently garrisoned ; a fortification is built
to defend harbours, cities, &c. ; a castle is an an-
tique fortress which was ordinarily a palatial
dwelling ; a citadel is the stronghold of a fortress
or city ; rampart, a high bank round a fortified
place ; a redan, commonly a rampart of earth ;
redout, an outwork for strengthening a military
position ; a bastion, a work constructed at a salient
angle.
FOR-TC'I-TOUS, a. Happening by chance; com-
ing unexpectedly or without a known cause.
SYN. Accidental ; casual; contingent; incidental.
FOR-TtJ'I-TOUS-LY, ad. Accidentally; by chance.
FOR-T0T-TOUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
accidental. SYN. Casualty ; accidentalness ;
chance.
FOR-TO'I-TY, n. Chance ; accident.
FORT'0-NATE, a. Receiving some good or escap-
ing evil not dependent on one's skill or efforts ;
coming by good fortune. SYN. Successful ; pros-
perous. A man is fortunate when unusual bless-
ings fall to his lot ; successful when he gains what
he aims at ; prosperous when he succeeds in those
things which men commonly aim at. One may be
fortunate in some cases where he is not successful ;
he may be siiccess/ul, but, if his plans are badly
formed, he may for that reason fail to be prosper-
ous.
FORT tJ-NATE-LY, ad. Luckily; successfully.
FORT C-NATE-NESS, n. Good luck; prosperity;
happiness.
FORT'UNE tfort'yun), a. Properly, the arrival of
something unexpectedly ; the good or ill that
befalls man; that which takes place or occurs;
the means of living or that which is possessed ;
the events in the future. SYN. Chance ; luck ;
portion ; riches ; success ; futurity ; destiny ;
fate.
FORT'ONE, v. i. To happen; to fall out; to be
fall.
FORT'CNE-HtTNT'ER, n. A man that seeks to
marry a woman with a large fortune.
FORT'UNE-TEL'LER, n. One who pretends to
tell the future events of one's life.
FORT'ONE-TEL'LING, n. Art of foretelling for.
tunes.
FOR'TY, a. Four times ten.
^J.t-kJ^\Ji_XJ y V. fr LJJIC-l/. X' VZiOUUJX j Kir" WJBna^Uil J JL- wj-v J. a. , w. JL VSLU. iiuuioa UOAA.
To quit entirely ; to depart from ; to withdraw FO'RUM, n. A market-place in Rome ; a court of
justice ; a tribunal ; also jurisdiction.
JJ'OR'WARD, a. Being before ; ready ; premature ;
prompt; quick; bold; immodest; ad. in front;
progressively.
FOR'WARD, v. t. To advance; to promote; to
hasten ; to send onward ; to transmit, as goods.
FOfi'WARD-ER, 7i. One who forwards or ad-
vances ; a person who sends forward goods, &c.
FOR'WARD-LY, ad. Eagerly ; promptly ; boldly ;
immodestly.
FOR'WARD-NESS, n. Cheerful readiness ; eager
desire for action ; unusual state of advance ; want
of reserve. SYN. Promptness ; eagerness ; ar-
dour ; zeal ; readiness ; confidence ; boldness ;
impiidence.
FOSSE (foss), n. A ditch ; moat ; cavity.
FOS'SIL, a. Dug from the earth. The term is
usually applied to organic substances, as fossil
shells, bones, or plants.
FOS'SIL, 7i. A substance dug from the earth ; the
remains of animals and plants found in the earth's
crust.
FOS-SIL-lF'ER-OUS, a. Producing or containing
fossil or organic remains.
FOS'SIL-IST, n. One who makes fossil remains his
particular study.
FOS'SIL-IZE, v. t. To convert into a fossil.
FOS'SIL-IZE, v. t. To be changed into a fossil.
FOSTER, v. t. To nurse ; to feed ; to cherish ; to
sustain.
FOSTER-AGE, n. The charge of nursin-j a child.
FOS
177
FEA
B6VI, WOLF, B9<?K; EULE, BLI,J Vf'CIOUS
PoS'TER-CHlLD, n. A cliild nursed or brought
up by one not its parent.
FOS'TER-DAM, n. A nurse, not the mother.
FOS'TER-FA-THER, TV. One who takes the place
of a father in bringing up a child.
FOSTER-ING, n. The act of nursing, nourishing,
or cherishing.
FOS'TER-LING, n. A child nursed by one not its
parent.
FOS'TER-MOTH'ER (-miith'er), n. A nurse.
FOTH-ER, v. t. To stop a leak in a ship by a sail,
oakum, <tc., let down to be sucked into the aper-
ture.
FOUL, o. Containing extraneous matter, or what
is turbid and impure ; morally denied in origin or
tendency; not lawful by established usages and
customs ; full of gross, coarse, or noxious things ;
contrary or opposed; entangled. SYN. Filthy;
dirty; muddy; cloudy; polluted; obscene; wicked;
detestable; unfair; dishonest; disgraceful; coarse;
gross ; offensive.
FOUL, v. t. To make filthy; to defile ; to pollute ;
to soil.
FOUL'LY, ad. Dirtily ; filthily ; disgracefully ; un-
fairly.
FOUL'-MOUTHED (-mouthd), ") a. Using obscene
FOUL'-SPO'KEN, $ or profane lan-
guage; slanderous.
FOUL'NESS, n. Filthiness ; pollution ; deformity;
unfairness.
FOUND, v. t. To lay a basis ; to begin and build ;
to set ; to establish ; to cast metal.
FOUN-DA'TION, n. The basis of an edifice ; the
basis or groundwork of anything ; the act of lay-
ing a basis ; original endowment ; establishment ;
institution.
FOUND'ER, n. One who founds or begins ; one
who casts metals ; one who endows ; lameness or
injury of a horse, usually produced by overwork-
ing or improper feeding.
FOUND'EE, v. i. To fill with water and sink ; to
fail ; to trip ; to fall.
FOUND'EE, v. t. To lame or disable a horse by
producing founder.
FOUND-EY, ) ?i. The art of casting metals into
FOUND'ER- Y, ) various forms ; a place for so
casting metals.
FOUND'LING, n. A child deserted, or found with-
out a parent or owner.
FOUND'RESS, n. A female who founds, establishes,
or endows.
FOUNT, \n. A spring ; source ; jet ; head of
FOUNT'AIX,j a river; original.
FOUR, a. One more than three ; twice two.
FOUE'FOLD, a. Four times as much or many.
FOUE'FOLD, v. t. To assess in a fourfold ratio.
FGUR'-FOOT'ED, a. Quadruped ; having four feet.
FOUE'I-ER-ISM (foor'e-er-izin), n. The scheme of
Fourier for reorganizing society into associations
with a community of property.
FOUE'SOEE, o. Eighty ; four times twenty.
FOUR'-SQUAEE, o. Having four equal sides and
angles.
FOURTEEN, a. Four and ten added together.
FOURTEENTH, a. The fourth after the tenth ;
the ordinal of fourteen.
FOURTH, o. The ordinal of four; in music, an
interval of two tones and a semitone.
FOUETH'LY, ad. In the fourth place.
FOWL, v. i. To catch or kill wild fowl.
FOWL, n. A winged animal ; a bird.
FOWL'ER, n. One who practises catching birds.
FOWL'ING, n. The art or practice of catching or
shooting fowls or birds.
FOWL'ING-PIECE (-peece), n. A gun for shoot-
ing fowls.
FOX, n. An animal of the canine genus; a sly cun-
ning fellow ; a small strand of rope.
* 3 ' n - The chase or hunting of foxes.
e as K ; 6 as j ; g as 2 ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
FOX'-HOUND, n. A dog trained for hunting or
chasing foxes.
FOX'-HUNT-ER, n. One who hunts foxes.
FOX'-HUNT'ING, ft. The act or practice of hunt-
ing foxes.
} a
FOX'-GLOVE, n. A poisonous plant wi
some flowers; the digitalis. 12
a. Resembling a fox; wily.
FOX'Y, a. Like a fox ; in painting, noting where
the shadows and lower tones have too much of
yellowish or reddish brown.
i FRA'-GAS, n. A noisy quarrel ; an uproar ; dis-
| turbance; a brawl.
(FRACTION (frak'shun), n. Act of breaking; a
: broken part ; division of a whole number.
; FRACTION- AL, ") a. Consisting of fractions ;
j FRA!'TION-A-RY, $ belonging to a broken num-
bejr.
FRA'TIOU3 (frak'shus), a. Apt to quarrel;
I peevish ; cross.
FRAG'TIOUS-LY, ad. With peevishness.
j FRA-CTIOUS-NESS, n. Crossness; a snappish
! temper; quarrelsomeness.
jFRA^T'CRE (frakt'yiir), 71. A breach of a solid;
disrupture of a solid body.
i FRACT'URE, v. t. To break or crack, as a bone.
FRAGILE (fraj'il), Easily broken; liable to fail;
easily destroyed. SYN. Brittle ; frail ; infirm ; weak.
j FRA-GlL'I-TY, n. Brittleness ; frailty ; weakness.
FRAGMENT, 7i. A piece broken off; an imperfect
part ; detached portion.
FRAG'MENT-AR-Y a. Composed of fragments.
FRA'GRANCE, > n. Sweetness of smell ; pleasing
FRA'GRAN-CY, / scent ; grateful odour.
FRA'GRANT, a. Throwing out or diffusing an
agreeable odour. SYN. Sweet-smelling ; odorous ;
odoriferous; sweet-scented; redolent; ambrosial;
balmy; spicy; aromatic; perfumed.
FRA'GRANT-LY, ad. With a pleasant smell.
FRAIL, a. Liable to fail and decay ; easily injured
or destroyed ; weak in mind or resolution ; liable
to error j of easy virtue. SYN. Infirm ; perish-
able; not durable; irresolute; credulous; fragile;
unstable.
FRAIL, n. A basket for holding figs or raisins ;
rush for weaving baskets ; a quantity of about 75
Ibs. of raisins.
FRAIL'NESS, n. Weakness ; infirmity.
FRAIL'TY, n. Weakness of resolution ; liableuess
to be deceived or seduced ; fault proceeding from
instability; weakness of body. SYN. Frailness;
imperfection; failing; foible; feebleness.
FRAME, v. t. To fit and join as parts of a whole ;
to form j to adjust ; to invent.
FRAME, n. Timbers of an edifice ; any kind of
case made for admitting, inclosing, or supporting
things ; among printers, a stand to support the
cases in which the types are distributed ; order ;
form.
FRAM'ER, n. One who frames or makes.
FRAME'-WORK, n. The frame ; that which sup-
ports or incloses any thing.
FRAMING, n. The act of constructing a frame ;
the frame thus formed.
FRAN}, 7i. A French silver coin, equal to about
tenpence.
FRAN'CHlSE (fran'chiz), n. A privilege; immu-
nity ; a privileged district.
FRAN'CHlSE (fran'chiz), v. t. To make free.
FRAN'CHISE-MENT (fran'chiz-ment), n. Free-
dom ; release from burden or restriction.
FRAN-ClS'AN, n. One of the order of St. Francis.
FRAN-Gl-BiL'I-TY, n. State or quality of being
frangible.
FRAN'GI-BLE, a. Liable to break ; easily broken.
FRANK, 7i. A name given by the Turks, Greeks,
and Arabs to any of the inhabitants of the western
part of Europe.
FRANK, o. Free in uttering real sentiments;
using no disguise ; possessing a disposition unre-
servedly to declare one's views ; without condi-
tions or compensation. SYN. Open; candid; in-
genuous ; artless ; plain ; undisguised ; sincere.
FEA
A, fi, &c., long. A, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
FEANK, n. A free letter; a writing which ex-
empts from nostage.
FEANK, v. t. "To make free ; to exempt from post-
FEANK'IN-CENSE or FEANK-lN'CENSE, n. A
dry, resinous substance, used as a perfume.
FEANK'ING, n. The act of exempting from post-
age ; in joinery, forming the joints where cross-
pieces of the frames of the window-sashes inter-
sect.
FEANK'LIN, n. A freeholder.
FEANK'LY, ad. Freely; openly; candidly; with-
out reserve.
FEANK'NESS, n. Plainness; freedom; ingenu-
ousness.
FEAN'TI, a. Mad ; transported with passion ;
wild.
FEAN'TI-LY, ad. Furiously ; outrageously.
FEANTIG-NESS, n. Madness ; fury of passion.
FRA-TfiR'NAL, a. Brotherly ; becoming brothers.
FEA-TfiE'NAL-LY, ad. As a brother ought.
FEA-TEE'NI-TY, n. A brotherhood; society;
those of the same profession or class, &c.
FEA-TEE'NIZE, v. i. To unite as brothers.
FEAT'EI-CI-DAL, a. Pertaining to fratricide.
FEAT'RI-CIDE, n. Murder, or the murderer of a
brother.
FEAUD, n. Artifice by which another's right or
interest is impaired ; breach of trust ; injury by
cheating. SYN. Deceit ; guile ; craft ; wile ;
sham ; trick ; circumvention ; cheat.
FEAUD'FUL, a. Deceitful ; trickish.
FEATJDTUL-LY, ad. Deceitfully; treacherously.
FEAUD'U-LE V-CY S n ' -^^ceitfulness ; fraud.
FEAUD'0-LENT (frawd'yu-lent), a. Deceitful in
contracts ; founded on fraud ; treacherous. SYN.
Guileful ; tricky ; wily ; subtle ; cheating ; de-
ceptive ; insidious ; dishonest ; unfair ; knavish.
FEAUD'U-LENT-LY, ad. By fraud ; trickishly.
FEAUGHT (frawt), a. Loaded; fuU; replete.
FEAY (fra), n. A quarrel ; a fright ; v. t. to fright-
en ; to rub ; to fret.
FEEAK, n. A sudden starting or change of place ;
a sudden change of mind for no cause. SYN.
Whim; fancy; caprice; frolic; sport.
FEE AK'ISH, a. Whimsical ; capricious ; odd.
FREAK'ISH-LY, ad. With sudden, causeless
change of mind.
FEEAK'ISH-NESS. n. Whimsicalness ; oddity;
capriciousness.
FRECK'LE (frSk'kl), n. A spot on the skin; sun-
burn.
FRECK'LE, v. t. To give or cause freckles; v. i.
to acquire freckles.
FRECK'LED (frgkTdd), a. Having spots on the
skin.
FEECKOjY, a. Marked with spots.
FEEE, a. Being at liberty; in government, not
enslaved; not imprisoned; clear of crime or of-
fence; unconstrained; uncombined; open; liber-
al in expense ; gratuitous ; invested with fran-
chises or enjoying immunities; ready; eager to
go without compulsion, as a horse.
FEEE, v. t. To deliver from bondage or restraint ;
to set at liberty ; to disentangle ; to liberate ; to
clear from.
FEEE-A'GEN-CY, n. The state of acting freely,
or without constraint of the will.
FEEE'BOOT-EE, n,. Arobber; a plunderer.
FEEE'-BOEN, a. Born free; inheriting freedom.
FEEE'-CHURCH, n. The Church constituted by
those who relinquished the emoluments of the
Established Church of Scotland, in 1843, to be
freo from the control of the civil authorities in
spiritual affairs.
FEEE'-Cl'FY, n. A city or town with certain rights
and privileges.
FREE'-eOST, n. Freedom from expense.
FREED'-MAN, n. A man freed from slavery.
FEEE'DOM, n. Exemption from the power or con-
trol of another ; particular privileges ; exemption
178 FEE
WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
from any constraint or control ; ease of doing any
thing ; freedom of the city, the privilege of citizen-
ship SYN. Liberty ; independence ; franchise ;
immunity ; frankness ; boldness ; licence. Sea
LIBERTY.
FEEE'-HEAET'ED, a. Open ; liberal ; unreserved.
FEEE'HOLD, n. Land held by free tenure or in
fee simple, subject to no superior or conditions.
FREE'HOLD-EE, n. The owner of a freehold.
FEEE'-LlV-EE, n. One who eats or drinks largely.
FEEE'-LlV-ING, n. Full gratification of the ap-
petite.
FEEE'LY, ad. At liberty ; liberally ; gratuitously.
FEEE'MAN, n. One who enjoys liberty, or who is
not subject to the will of another ; one enjoying
or entitled to a franchise or peculiar privilege, aa
of a city or state.
FEEE'MA-SON (-mfi-sn), n. One of the fraternity
of masons.
FEEE'-MA'SON-EY(-ma'sn-ry), n. Principles, rules,
and characteristics of freemasons.
FEEE'NESS, n. Openness ; unreservedness ; lib-
erality.
FEEE'-POET, n. A port where goods may enter
free from duties.
FEEE'-SGHOOL (-skool), n. A school open to all.
FEEE'STONE, n. Any stone easily cut or wrought ;
sandstone.
FEEE'-THINK'EE, n. One who departs from es-
tablished modes of thinking ; in matters of reli-
gion, an unbeliever.
FEEE-WlLL', a. Voluntary; spontaneous, as a
free-will offering.
FEEE-WlLL', n. The power of choosing without
compulsion or necessity ; voluntariness.
FEEE'WILL-BAP'TISTS, n. pi. Baptists who
hold to freedom of the will as opposed to neces-
sity.
FEEEZE, f. i. [prct. FROZE; pp. FROZEN or FROZE.]
To be congealed by cold ; to be chilled ; v. t. to
congeal ; to harden into ice ; to chill ; to chill, so
as to endanger life, as to freeze one's blood.
FEEEZ'ING-POINT, n. The point in the thermo-
meter, 32 above zero of Fahrenheit's scale, where
water begins to freeze.
FEEIGHT (irate.), v. t. To load, as a vessel.
FREIGHT'EE (frat'er), n. One who loads, or
charters and loads a ship.
FRENCH, a. Belonging to France ; n. the lan-
guage of France ; the people of France.
FEENCH-HOEN', n. A wind-instrument of music,
having several curves.
FEENCH'I-FY, v. t. To make like the French.
FEE-NET'I-e, See FRANTIC and PHRENETIC.
FEEN'ZIED (fren'zid) , a. Affected with madness.
FEEN 7 'ZY, n. Distraction of mind ; any violent
agitation of the mind approaching to distrac-
tion. SYN. Madnass; franticness ; rage; desper-
ation ; fury.
FEE'QUEN-CY, n. A common occurrence.
FEE'QUENT, a. Often done or occurring; com-
mon.
FEE-QUENT', o. t. To visit often ; to resort ; to
haunt.
FRE-QUEN-TA'TION, n. Act of frequenting;
habit of visiting often.
FEE-QUENT'A-TlVE, n. A verb which denotes
the frequent repetition of an act; a. repeating
often.
FEE-QUENT'ER, n. One who visits often.
FEE'QUENT-LY, ad. Often; repeatedly; com-
monly.
FRE'QUENT-NESS, n. The quality of being often
repeated.
FEES'eO, n. Coolness ; a picture in water-colours
on a wall of fresh or recent mortar into which they
sink; refreshing liquor.
FEES'O, v. t. To paint a fresco.
FEESH, a. Having the colour and appearance of
young thriving plants ; brisk ; healthy in counte-
nance ; recently grown, made, or obtained ; unim-
paire i by time ; in a good state, &c. SYN. Green ;
FEE
179
FKO
DdVE, WOLF, BO<?K ; B^TLE, BULL ;
unfaded; ruddy; vigorous; new; rare; unused;
unimpaired, &o.
FEESH, n. A freshet ; water not salt.
FEESH'EN (frgsh'shii), v. t. To make fresh ; to re-
vive; to take saltness from any thing; v. i. to
grow fresh ; to lose saltness ; to grow brisk or
strong, as the wind/resTiens.
FRESH'ET, n. A flood in rivers from rain or
melted snow.
FEESH'LY. ad. Newly; coolly; briskly.
FRESH'MAN, 7i.; pi. FRESH'MEST. A novice; one
of the youngest class in a college.
FRESH'NESS, n. Coolness; newness; ruddiness.
FEESH'-WA-TEK, a. Accustomed to sail on fresh
water only, or in the coasting trade; raw; inex-
perienced.
FEET, r. t. To rub or wear away by rubbing; to
gnaw ; to corrode ; to agitate ; to disturb ; to
tease ; to irritate ; to form into raised work ; v. i.
to be worn away or corroded ; to be agitated ; to
be chafed or vexed.
FEET, 7i. Agitation of liquor or of mind ; a kind
of stop in a guitar ; a knot or ornament of two
fillets interwoven in architecture.
FEfiTTUL, a. Disposed to fret or chafe ; show-
ing impatience under the lighter troubles of life.
SYN. Peevish ; cross. Peevish marks the in-
ward spirit, and fretful the outward act, while
both imply a complaining impatience. Crossness
is peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.
FRET'FUL-LY, ad. Peevishly ; angrily.
FRET'FUL-NESS, n. Crossness; ill-humour.
FEETTEN (frSt'tii), a. Marked with the small-pox.
FEET'TING, n. A state of chafing ; vexation ;
peevishness.
FEETTY, a. Adorned with fretwork.
FEET'WOEK (-wiirk), n. Raised work ; work
adorned with frets.
FEl-A-BlL'I-TY, ) 71. The quality of being easily
FEl'A-BLE-NESSJ broken, crumbled, and re-
duced to powder.
FRl'A-BLE, a. Easily crumbled or pulverized.
FEl AE, 71. [J'r. frewA A monk of some order.
FEl'AE-Y, n. A monastery ; a convent of friars.
J-ElB'BLE, a. Frivolous; trifling; silly.
FElB'BLE, n. A trifling fellow ; v. i. to trifle.
FRI-e-AS-SEE', n. A stewed or fried dish of
chickens, &c., cut into pieces ; v. t. to dress in
fricassee.
FRI'TION (frik'shun), n. A rubbing ; the effect
of rubbing or resistance a moving body meets
with from the surface on which it moves.
FEl-6'TION- WHEELS, n. pi. Wheels on which
rests the axis of a larger wheel, so arranged as
to diminish friction in machinery.
FEI'DAY, n. The sixth day of the week.
FEIED (fride), a. Cooked in a pan with grease;
heated.
FRIEND (frond), n. A person attached to another
by affection ; a favourer ; a Quaker.
FRIENDLESS, a. Destitute of friends; without
support ; forlorn.
FRIEND'LI-NESS (frfnd'-), n. Kindness ; friend-
ship.
FRIEND'LY, a. Having the temper and disposi-
tion of a friend; disposed to promote, or promot-
ing another's good ; inclined to peace ; showing
favour. SYN. Kind ; favourable ; benevolent ;
amicable ; social ; neighbourly ; propitious ; salu-
FRIEND'SHIP (frSnd'-), n. Affection; strong at-
tachment ; kindness ; help ; aptness to unite.
FRIEZE (freez), n. The nap on woollen cloth;
coarse woollen cloth, with a nap of little tufts on
one side ; in architecture, the part of the entabla-
ture of a column between the architrave and the
cornice.
FRIEZE, v. t. To form a nap on cloth.
I El G' ATE, n. A ship of war mounting from 28 to
;is ; a bird.
as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH j IHIS.
FRIGHT (frlte), n. Sudden and startling fear; 4
thing of terror. STN. Alarm; terror.
FEIGHT (frlte), ") v. t. To impress sudden
FEIGHT'EN (frl'tn), j terror on; to shock sud-
denly with the approach of evil or danger. SYN.
To affright; terrify; scare; dismay; daunt; in-
timidate.
FEIGHT'FUL (frlte'-), a. Creating or adapted to
create sudden fear. SYN. Dreadful; awful.
These words all express fear. In frightful it is a
sudden emotion ; in dreadful it is deeper and more
prolonged ; in awful the fear is mingled with the
emotion of awe, which subdues us before the pre-
sence of some invisible power. An accident may
be frightful ; the approach of death is dreadful to
most men ; the convulsions of the earthquake are
awful.
FEIGHT'FUL-LY, ad. Dreadfully ; horribly.
FEIGHT'FUL-NESS, n. The quality of frightening.
FElG'ID (fr'y'id), a. Cold; dull; insensible.
FEI-GlD'I-TY, n. Coldness; want of warmth;
dulness.
FRlG'ID-LY, ad. Coldly ; unfeelingly.
FElG'ID ZONE, 7i. That part of the earth be-
tween the polar circle and the pole.
FEIG-ORlF'I, a. Causing or producing cold.
i FRlLL, 7i. An edging or ruffle.
FElLL, v. i. To shake or shiver as with cold.
FRINGE, n. A kind of trimming ; border 5 edge.
FRINGE, v. t. To adorn with fringe.
FRING'Y, a. Adorned with or like fringe.
FRlP'PEE-Y, 7i. Old clothes; traflic in cast-off
dresses ; place where old clothes are sold.
FRlP'PER-Y, a. Trifling; contemptible.
FElSK. v. i. To leap ; to dance; to be frolicsome.
FEISK, n. A frolic ; a fit of wanton gaiety.
FElSK'ET, n. A frame to confine sheets of paper
in printing.
FEISK'I-NESS, 7i. Liveliness ; gaiety ; wanton-
ness.
FRlSK'Y, a. Lively ; frolicsome ; wanton.
FElT, n. Materials of glass after calcination.
FRITH, 7i. Narrow arm of the sea ; ppening of a
river into the sea.
FElT'TEE, 7i. A kind of pan-cake ; a fragment ; a
shred.
FElT'TEE, v. t. To break into small pieces.
FEl-VOL'I-TY, 7 71. Lightness 5 trifling-
FEiV'O-LOUS-NESS, j ness.
FRlV'O-LOUS, a. Having no weight or import-
ance ; trifling ; light.
FElV'O-LOUS-LY, ad. In a frivolous manner.
FRlZZ, v. t. To curl or crisp ; to form the nap of
cloth into little hard burs or knobs.
FElZ'ZLE (frtz'zl), v. t. To curl, or crisp in short
curls.
FEO, ad. From ; back ; away.
FEOCK, n. A loose outer garment for men, and a
gown for females fastened behind.
FEOCK'-OAT, 71. A strait-bodied coat of equal
length all round, shorter than a surtout.
FEOG, n. A small amphibious leaping animal ; a
cloak-button swelled in the middle ; a sort of
tender horn in the middle of a horse's foot; a
grooved piece of iron at the joining of rails.
FEOG'-BlT, 7i. A plant, hydrocharis.
FEOLTG, a. Gay; merry; dancing and frisking
about ; full of pranks.
FEOLTC, n. A wild prank ; a flight of levity and
mirth ; a gambol ; a scene of gaiety or mirth.
FEOL'IG, -o. i. To play wild pranks ; to play tricks
of levity.
FEOL'KI-SOME (frol'lk-sum), a. Full of gaiety and
mirth.
FEOL'I-G-SOME-NESS, n. Gaiety; wild pranks.
FEOM, prep. Issuing; departing; at a distance.
It is used before words so as to point out origin,
absence, distance, place, &c.
FEOND, 7i. The leaf peculiar to palms and ferns.
FEON-DES'CENCE, . The precise time of the
year when a plant unfolds its leaves.
FRON-DlF'EE-OUS, a. Proiuciu.2 leaves.
FRO
180
FTJD
I, , &(h, long. I, t, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
FEOND'OSE, ) a. Applied to a flower which i
FROND'OUS,) leafy, or which produces branche
charged with both leaves and flowers.
FEONT (frunt), n. The face or fore part ; van
most conspicuous part ; the part of a body nex
to the observer when placed directly before him
impudence.
FEONT (frunt), v. t. To oppose face to face; t<
oppose directhy ; to stand opposite to any thing
v. i. to stand foremost ; to have the face or fron
toward any direction.
FRONTAGE (frunt'aje), n. The front part of a
building ; the fore part.
FRONTAL, a. Belonging to the forehead or front
7i. a pediment over a small door or window ; a
topical remedy or bandage for the head; among
Jews, a brow-band of four pieces of vellum on
leather, each piece with a text, tied round th
forehead in the synagogue.
FRONTIER (front'yer), TI. A border on another
country; a. situated on the border of another
country; adjoining.
FRONTIS-PIECE, n. A picture facing the title-
page of a book ; the principal face of a building.
FRONTLESS (frunt'-), a. Shameless ; impudent.
FRONTLET (frunt'-), n. A bandage worn on the
forehead ; a frontal.
FROST (20) (frost or fraust), n. Act of freezing;
congelation ; act of congealing ; frozen vapour.
FROST, v. t. To cover with something like frost ;
to sprinkle or cover with sugar, &c., as cake.
FROSTBIT-T.EN (frost'bit-tn), a. Nipped by frost.
FROSTED, a. Covered with frost or something
like frost ; having hair changed white or gray ;
in architecture, applied to rustic work imitating
ice formed by irregular drops of water ; in botany,
covered with glittering particles, as if frozen on.
FROSTI-LY, ad. Coldly ; without warmth or affec-
tion.
FROSTI-NESS, n. State of being frosty.
FROSTING, TI. A composition of loaf-sugar and
eggs lor covering cake.
FROSTNAIL, n. A nail driven into a horse's shoe
to prevent his slipping on the ice.
FROST-WORK (-wurk), n. Work resembling
hoar-frost on shrubs.
FROSTY, a. Containing frost ; like frost ; freez-
ing ; without warmth or kindness ; white ; gray-
haired.
FROTH (20) (froth or frauth), TI. Foam ; light mat-
ter ; empty show ot wit ; v. i. to foam ; to throw
out or up bubbles or foam.
FROTH, v. t. To cause to foam.
TROTH'I-NESS, n. State of being frothy ; empti-
FEOTITY, a. Full of froth; vain; soft ; empty.
FROUNCE, v. i. To curl or frizzle the hair about
the face ; to gather into plaits r wrinkles.
FROUNCE, n. A wrinkle or curl : a plait.
FROU'ZY, a. Musty ; fetid ; rank.
FRO'WARD, a. Unwilling to yield or obey ; turn-
ing away with aversion or reluctance; discon-
tented in temper. SYN. Perverse ; ungovernable;
peevish ; wayward ; refractory ; disobedient ;
petulant; cross.
FRO'WABD-LY, ad. Peevishly ; perversely.
FR(yWARD-NESS,7t. Perverseuess j peevishness;
disobedience ; petulance.
FROWN, n. A wrinkled and sour look ; an expres-
sion of displeasure.
FROWN, v. t. To repel by expressing displeasure;
to rebuke; v. t. to express displeasure by con-
tracting the brows ; to look threatening ; to
scowl or lower.
FROWN/IN G, a. Lowering; threatening; repel-
FROWNTNG-LY, ad. With a frown; sternly.
FEOWY, a. Musty; rancid.
FROZ'EN (fro'zn), pp. Congealed; icy; a. subject
to frost ; chill ; very cold.
FRU-TS CENCE, n. Time when the fruit of a
plant comes to maturity.
FALL WHAT ; THARE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
FRU-6-TiF'ER-OUS, a. Producing or bearing
fruit.
FRU-TI-FI-^A'TION, n. Fecundation; act of
making fruitful ; in botany, the temporary part of
a plant used for generation.
FR0!'TI-FY, v. t. To make fruitful ; to fertilize ;
v. i. to bear fruit.
FR0!T0-OUS, a. Bearing fruit; causing fer-
tility ; fruitful.
FRU'GAL (31), a. Saving of expenses without
meanness ; economical in the use or appropri-
ation of money, goods, or provision of any kind.
SYN. Sparing; prudent; careful; thrifty; not
prodigal ; inexpensive ; economical, which see.
FRU-GAL'I-TY, n. A sparing, judicious appropri-
ation of money or other commodities ; good hus-
bandry.
FRU'GAL-LY, n. With economy or good man-
agement.
FRU-GlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing fruit or corn.
FRUIT (31) (frute), TI. Produce of the earth ; the
produce of trees ; seed of a plant ; shrubs ; pro-
duce of animals ; profit.
FRUITAGE, n. Fruit in general ; various fruits.
FR0IT-B0U, 71. The bud which forms into fruit.
FR0ITER-ER, TI. One who deals in fruit.
FR0ITER-Y, n. A fruit-loft ; fruit in general.
FR0ITFUL, a. Producing much fruit; bearing
children ; abounding in any thing ; producing an
abundance. SYN. Productive ; prolific ; fecund ;
fertile ; plenteous ; plentiful ; abundant.
FR0ITFUL-LY, ad. With much fruit; abun-
dantly. "
RUITFUL-NESS, n. Productiveness ; abun-
dance ; fertility ; fecundity.
FRU-F'TION (fru-ish'un), n. Enjoyment of body
or mind; gratification; use; possession.
FRUITLESS, a. Destitute of fruit; productive
of no advantage ; not bearing offspring. STN.
Barren; unprofitable; abortive; ineffectual;
vain ; useless ; unprolific.
FR0ITLESS-LY, ad. Unprofitably ; in vain.
FR0ITLESS-NESS, n. Defect of fruit or profit ;
state or quality of being unprofitable. SYN. Un-
productiveness ; unprofitableness ; infertility,
FR0IT-TREE, 71. A tree that bears fruit.
R0ITY, a. Resembling, or savouring of fruit.
RU-MEN-TA'CEOUS (-ta'shus),o. Made of grain
or like it.
FR0'MEN-TY, n. Food made of wheat boiled in
milk.
FR0MP, n. A jeer or joke ; a cross-terrpered, testy
woman.
R0SH, n. A tender horn in the sole of a horse.
FRUS-TRA'NE-OUS, a. Vain; fruitless ; unprofit-
able.
R0S'TRATE, v. t. To disappoint; to balk; to de-
feat; to nullify.
FR0S'TRATE, a. Vain ; useless ; null ; void.
'RUS-TRA'TION, n. Disappointment ; defeat.
FR0S'TRA-TlVE, a. Tending to defeat.
'R0STUM, TI. The part of a solid cut off by a
plane parallel to the base, as of a cone, pyramid,
EU-TES'CENT, a. From herbaceous becoming
shrubby .
RU'TI-GOSE, 7 a. Branching like a shrub ;
'R0'TI--eOUS, j shrubby.
RY, v. t. To cook or dress with fat in a pan ; v. i.
to be heated and agitated; to suffer the action of
fire.
RY, n. That which is fried; a crowd of small
fish.
RY'ING-PAN, n. A pan to fry in.
a. Painted; disguised with paint.
A beautiful exotic plant.
Resembling sea- weed; n. a fossil
U'CUS, n. ; pi. Ftj'cl. A genus of sea-weeds.
UD'DLE, v. i. To get drunk ; v. t. to make drunk.
UDGE, int. A word of contempt ; stuff.
U'CHSIA, n .
U'1OID, a.
FTJE
181
FUR
D6VE, WQLF, BQQK J Btf LE, BrLL ; VICIOUS
FO'EL, n. Any substance that feeds a fire; com
bustibles ; that which feeds passion ; v. t. to feed
with combustible matter.
FU-GA'CIOUS (-ga'shus), a. Flying away; vola-
tile.
FU-GAC'I-TY (-g&s'e-ty), n. The quality of being
apt to fly away; volatility; instability; uncer-
tainty.
F 0GH, ") int. An expression of abhorrence or con
. j tempt.
FC'GI-TlVE, a. Hying; fleeting; pertaining to
fugitives.
FC'GI-TlVE, n. A runaway; a deserter; one hard
to be caught or detained.
FU'GI-TIVE-NESS, n. Volatility ; instability.
FU'GLE-MAN, ">7i. One who stands in front of
FLU'GEL-MAN, / soldiers at drill, to show them
the movements they must imitate.
FUGUE (fug), n. A composition in music in which
the parts follow each other, repeating the subject
at intervals above and below.
F0L'RUM,n. ; pi. FUL'CRA. or Ft'i/RUMs. A proper
support ; that which supports a lever ; prickles or
tendrils, &c., by which plants cling.
Fl'L-FlL', v. t. To perform ; to complete ; to carry
into effect.
: IL'MEXT, n. Performance; completion.
''EN-CY, n. Brightness; splendour.
FUL'GENT, a. Shining ; resplendent ; bright.
F0L'GOE, n. A dazzling brightness ; splendour.
FU-LtG'I-NOUS, a. Like soot ; smoky.
FULL, a. Replete; fat; supplied; perfect; strong;
crowded ; clear ; adequate ; having all it can con-
tain ; satisfied
FULL, n. Complete measure or state ; the whole ;
a state of satiety.
FULL, ad. Quite ; without abatement ; exactly.
Ff'LL, v. t. To cleanse, scour, or thicken, as
cloth.
FULL'EE, n. One whose business is to full cloth.
FCLL'EE'SEAETH, n. A soft, unctuous clay that
absorbs grease, much used in fulling cloth.
EE-Y, . The place where cloth is fulled.
F r L L 'ING-MILL, n. A mill for scouring or thick-
ening cloth.
FULL'NESS, n. State of being full; repletion;
plenty ; struggling perturbation ; extent.
FULL'-OEBED (-orbd), a, Eound; like the full
moon.
FULL'Y, ad. To the full ; without lack or defect ;
to repletion ; to the extent desired SYX. Per-
fectly ; completely ; entirely ; plentifully ; suffi-
ciently ; clearly ; distinctly.
FOLTVIAE, n. A kind of petrel.
FULTSdl-NANT, a. Thundering.
FDL'MI-NATE, v. i. To thunder; to issue denun-
ciation or papal censure ; v. t. to utter with de-
nunciation ; to cause to explode.
FCL'MI-NATE OF MEE'U-EY, n. A compound
used in percussion caps.
FCL'MI-NA-TING POWDER, n. An explosive
compound of nitre, sulphur, and carbonnte of
potash.
FUL-MI-NA'TION, n. Demmciation of censure ;
explosion of certain chemical preparations.
FCL'MI-NA-TO-EY. a. Thundering; striking ter-
ror.
FCL'.SOME (ful'sum), a. Nauseous; offensive in
smell; rank; gross.
VOUS, a. Yellow ; saffron-col oured.
i:LE, v. i. To do or handle awkwardly or
much ; to grope ; to play childishly.
FlM'BLEE, 71. An awkward or clumsy person.
FC'ME, n. Smoke; vapour; rage; exhalation from
the stomach.
FUME, v. i. To yield vapour ; to be in a rage ; . t.
to smoke, perfume, or disperse in vapour.
FCM'KR-OLE, n. A volcanic orifice, emitting
smoke.
FU-MlF'EE-OUS, a. Producing smoke.
FC'MI-GATE, r. t. To smoke; to cleanse by smoke
or vapour; to purify.
. e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
FU-MI-GA'TION, n. Diffusion of smoke or vapours
in healing or cleansing ; a kind of calcination
when metallic bodies are corroded or softened by
fume made for that end.
FU'MI-GA-TO-EY, a. Having the quality pf clean-
sing by smoke, fumes, or vapours.
FUM'Y, a. Producing fume ; full of vapour.
FUN, 7i. Low, vulgar sport.
FU-NAM'BU-LIST, n. A rope-walker or dancer.
FUNG'TION (funk'shun), n. Literally, the doing
of a thing: office; employment; charge.
FUN-6'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to functions.
FUN-6'TION-AL-LY, ad. By means of functions.
FUNCTION- A-EY, n. One who holds an office.
FUND, 7i. Literally, a foundation, something re-
liable or permanent ; hence, stock or capital ; am-
ple store or resources ; a sum of money ; a per-
manent stock or debt for which the interest is
provided. Sinking fund, a fund set apart for pay-
ing or sinking a debt.
FUND, v. t. To create a permanent stock for which
the interest is provided, as to fund a national
debt ; to place money in a fund.
FUN'DA-MENT, n. The seat, or lower part.
FUN-DA-MENT'AL, n. Pertaining to the founda-
tion ; necessary for support.
FUN-DA-MENT'AL-LY, ad. Primarily necessa-
rily.
FUND'ED, a. Supplied with funds for regular pay-
ment of interest, as funded debt.
FUND'ING SYSTEM, n. A scheme of finance for
paying the interest annually on a public debt.
FUND.*, 71. pi. Funded debts ; money for supplies.
FU-NE'BEI-AL, a. Pertaining to funerals.
F0/NEE-AL, n. A burial ; procession at a burial.
FU'NEE-AL, a. Pertaining to interments ; used at
the interment of the dead.
FTJ-N'EE-AL, a. Suiting a funeral ; mournful.
FUN G 'GOID, a. Like a fungus or mushroom.
FUNG-GOS'I-TY (fung-gos'-), n. Soft excrescence.
F0N G/ GOUS (fung'gus), a. Like a mushroom; ex-
crescent ; spongy.
FUNG'GUS (fung'gus), n; pi. FtfN'6i. A mush-
room ; an order of flowerless plants, comprehend-
ing not only mushrooms, but also those appear-
ances called mouldiness, mildew, smut, dry-rot,
&c. ; proud flesh formed in wounds.
FU'NI-eLE (fu'ne-kl), n. A small cord or ligature.
FUN'NEL, n. Passage for a fluid or for smoke ; a
tunnel for pouring fluids into bottles, &c.
FUN'NY, a. Droll ; comical ; sportive.
FCR, 7i. Fine soft hair; skins; coat of morbid
matter on the tongue, &c. ; a hard coating on the
interior of tea-kettles, boilers, &c.
FCE, v. t. To line or cover with fur ; to cover with
morbid matter, &c. ; to line with a board ; a. per-
taining to or made of fur.
FOE'BE-LOW (fur'be-lo), n. Fringe or puckered
stuff on the border of a garment ; a flounce.
FUE'BE-LOW, v. t. To adorn with furbelow.
FOE'BISH, v. t. To polish; to clean; to make
bright ; to burnish.
FCE'BISH-EE, 7i. One who furbishes.
F0E'ATE, > a. Forked; branching like the
F0E'A-TED, j tines of a fork.
FUE-!A'TIpN, n. A branching like a fork.
FUE-FU-EA'CEOUS (-ra'shus), a. Scaly; scurfy;
branny.
FU'RI-OUS, a. Eushing violently ; transported
with passion ; filled with frenzy ; outrageous by
insanity. SYK. Vehement ; boisterous ; impetu-
ous ; raging ; fierce ; angry ; mad ; frantic.
F0'EI-OUS-LY, ad. With great vehemence ; madly.
Fb'EI-OTJS-NESS, n. Impetuous motion; great
violence; madness.
FUEL, v. t. To draw up; to fold and fasten to a
yard, &c.
FUE'LONG, n. The eighth part of a mile; forty
rods.
FUE'LOUGH (fttr%), TI. Leave of absence from
military service.
FUE'LOUGH, v. t. To grant a furlough.
FUR
1, , &c., long. I, , &o., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
FCR'NACE, n. A place for melting metals, or for
heating water an apparatus for burning fuel to
heat rooms, &c. ; in Scripture, severe afflictions by
which men are tried ; hell.
FtTE'NISH, v. t. To supply ; to provide ; to fit out
or fit up.
FUE'NISH-EE, n. One who supplies, fits out, or
fits up.
FtE'NI-TtTEE, n. Goods ; vessels ; utensils, c.,
for house-keeping ; equipage ; decorations.
FUE'EI-EE, n. A dealer in furs, muffs, &c.
FtfE'RING, n. The naih'ng of thin strips of board
to level a surface, &c. ; a lining of fur or of
boards.
FCE'ROW, n. A trench made in the earth by a
plough ; a long, narrow trench or channel in wood
or metal ; a groove ; a hollow made by wrinkles
in the face.
FtE'EOW, v. t. To trench ; to cut furrows ; to
plough; to wrinkle.
FCTE'RY, a. Covered with or made of fur.
FDR'SUNG, n. A Persian measure equal to four
English miles.
FUR'THER, a. More distant; additional; ad. at
a greater distance ; moreover.
FtTR'THER, v. t. To assist; to promote; to for-
ward.
FtR'THER-ANCE, n. Advancement ; promotion ;
support ; aid.
FCTR"HER-EK, n. A helper; promoter; advancer.
FUR'THER-MORE, ad. Yet further ; moreover.
FUR'THEK-MOST, a. The most distant ; extreme.
FUR'THEST, a. Most distant in time or place
ad. at the greatest distance.
FUR'TlVE, a. Secret; gotten by stealth or by
theft.
FtT'RUN-CLE (fu'runk-kl), n. A small inflamed
tumour.
FC'KY, n. A violent rushing; rage; madness;
enthusiasm; heat of mind; in mythology, a
goddess of vengeance ; hence, a violent, raging
woman.
FCRZE, n. A prickly shrub ; gorse; whin.
FOEZTf, a. Overgrown with furze.
FUS'-GOUS, a. Blackish-brown ; of a dark colour.
F0SE (fuze), y. t. To melt; to liqiiefy by heat ;
to render fluid; v. i. to be melted; to be reduced
from a solid to a liquid state.
FU-SEE', n. A firelock ; pipe filled with combus-
tibles, used for bombs, grenades, &c. ; cone of a
watch or clock round which is wound the chain
or cord ; track of a buck.
FU-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. The property of being fusible.
FCT'SI-BLE, a. That may be melted, opposed to
refractory.
FO'tSI-FOEM, a. Shaped like a spindle.
FO'SIL, a. Capable of being melted.
FtT'SIL, n. A light musket or firelock.
FCT-SIL-EEE', n. A soldier armed with a fusil, or
distinguished by wearing a cap like a grenadier's.
FO'SION (fu'zhun), n. The act or process of con-
verting a solid into a liquid by heat; union, as
of parties, &c.
FtfSS, n. A bustle in small matters.
FUSS, v. i. To make a bustle in small matters.
FUSSTT, a. Bustling in small matters.
FUST, n. The shaft of a column ; a strong musty
smell ; v. i. to become mouldy.
FCS'TIAN (fiist'yan), n. A cotton stuff; swelling
style; a. made of fustian; high- swelling; bom-
bastic.
FtJS'TJ-e, n. A wood of the West Indies used in
dyeing yellow.
FttS'TI-GATE, v. t. To cudgel; to beat with a
stick.
FUS-TI-GA'TION, n. A beating with a club or
stick.
F0ST'I-NESS, n. A fusty state ; mouldiness.
FtTSTTT, a. Mouldy; rank; ill-smelling.
FC'TlLE (fu'til),o. Trifling; worthless; useless.
FU-TlL'I-TY, n. Want of weight or effect ; trifling-
132
GAI
FA.LL, WHAT; THfiRE, T&RM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
FtrTTOCKS, n. pi. The middle timbers of a ship at
parts between the floor and upper timbers.
FC'TCRE, (fut'yur), a. That is to be or come hero-
after ; n. time to come.
FTJ-TO'EI-TY, n. Time to come ; future state.
FUZZ, v. i. To fly off in small particles; n. fine
volatile particles.
FfJZ'ZLE, v. t. To intoxicate.
FF, ex. Expressing dislike or abhorrence.
C* the seventh letter, has, first, a simple hard o*
*~* J close sound, as in good, which it usually re-
tains before a, o, and u. Secondly, it has a com-
pound or soft sound, like dzh, as in gem, which is
commonly found before e, i, and y : in some cases
it is silent, especially before n ; in music, G marks
the treble clef, and gives the name gamut to the
scale.
GAB, n. The mouth ; v. i. to prate.
GAB-AE-Dl'NE' (gab-ar-deen'), n. A coarse frock
or loose upper garment ; a mean dress.
GAB'BLE, v. i. To prate ; to talk fast or foolishly ;
to utter inarticulate sounds, as fowls.
GAB'BLE, 7i. Loud or rapid talking ; inarticulate
sound of fowls.
GAB'BLEE, 7i. A prater ; one who gabbles.
GA'BI-ON, 7i. A large cylindric wicker basket filled
with earth in fortification.
GA'BLE, n. The triangular or sloping end of a
house, &c., usually called the gable-end.
GAD, 7i. A wedge ; a graver ; a punch.
GAD, v. i. To ramble ; to walk about.
GAL V A-BOUT, n. One who walks much abroad
without business.
GAD'DEE, ?i. One who walks the streets often.
GAD'FLY, 71. A fly that stings cattle.
GAE'LKJ fga/lik), a. Noting what belongs to the
Gaels, or Celtic tribes in the north of Scotland; n.
the language of the Gaels.
GAFF, 7i. A hook ; a harpoon ; a small boom.
GAF'FEE, 7i. Old sir, once a term of respect.
GAF'FLE (gaTfl), n. An artificial spur for cocks.
GAG, v. t. To stop the mouth.
GAG, 7i. Something to stop the mouth to hinder
speaking.
GAGE, 7i. A pledge or pawn ; rule for measuring ;
number of feet a ship sinks ; the position of one
vessel to another, as u'eather-gage, utnd-gage, &c. ;
a challenge to combat.
GAGE v. t. To pledge ; to measure, as a cask.
GAG'EE, n. One who measures casks, &c.
GAFE-Tl, n. See GATETT.
GAn/Y. See GAYLY.
GAIN, 71. Profit; benefit; a bevelling shoulder;
lapping of timbers, or cut for receiving a timber.
GAIN, v. t. Literally, to get by reaching after, as
to gain wealth, reputation, &c. ; hence, to reach
or attain, as to gain the summit ; v. i. to get for-
ward; to advance. SYN. To win. Gain implies
only that we get something by exertion ; win
that we do it in competition with others. A per-
son gains knowledge or gains a prize simply by
striving for it; he auins a victory or wins a prize
by taking it from others in a struggle between
them.
GAIN'EE, n. One who obtains advantage.
GAIN'FUL, a. Producing profit or advantage ;
adding to wealth ; advancing interest. SYN. Pro-
fitable; lucrative ; advantageous ; beneficial; pro-
ductive.
GAIN'FUL-LY, ad. Profitably; with gain.
GAININGS, n. pi. The acquisitions of labour.
< jAlN'LESS, a. Unprofitable ; without gain.
GAIN'LESS-NESS, n. Unprofitableness.
GAIN-SAY' or GAIN'SAY, v. t. [pret. and pp. GAIK-
SAYED.J To deny ; to contradict.
GAlN-SAY'ER, n. One who denies or disputes.
GAIN-SAY'ING, n. Contradiction; <k
GAINST. See AGAINST.
GAI
183
GAN
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK J RULE, BFLL ; Vf'CIOUS.
GAULISH (4), a. Gaudy ; showy ; very fine.
GAIB'ISH-NESS, n. Gaudiness; extravagant joy
GAIT, n. Manner of walking ; step.
GAIT'EB, n. ; pi. GAIT'ERS. A covering of cloth for
the leg ; a kind of shoe or half boot.
GA'LA, n. Pomp; show; festivity.
GAL-AG-TOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument for ascer-
taining the quality of milk ; a lactometer.
GA'LA-DAY, n. A festival-day.
GAL' AX- Y, n. The milky way ; brilliant assembly
GAL'BA-NUM, n. A foetid gum-resin.
GALE, n. A breeze ; a strong wind.
GA'LE-A-TED, a. Covered with a helmet j having
a flower like a helmet. [lead.
GA-LE'NA, n. Sulphuret of lead; native ore of
GAL-I-L'AN, n. A native of Galilee.
GAL'I-OT, n. A little galley or brig.
GAL'I-POT, n. A white resin or juice of the pine.
GALL fgawl) , n. Bile ; rancour ; bitterness ; a hard,
round excrescence on a species of oak-tree.
GALL, v. t. To hurt the skin ; to fret ; to vex.
GAL-LANT', n. A wooer ; a lover ; an attendant
in an ill sense, a seducer ; v. t. to attend or wait
on a lady.
GAL'LANT, a. High-spirited ; daring and adven-
turous in fight. SYN. Courageous ; brave.
Courageous is generic, denoting an inward spirit
(cor) which rises above fear ; brave is more out-
ward, marking a spirit which braves or defies
danger ; gallant rises still higher, denoting bravery
on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure.
A courageous man is ready for battle ; a brave man
courts it ; a gallant man dashes into the midst of
the conflict.
GAL-LANT 7 , a. Civil; polite; attentive to ladies j
gay; fine.
GAL'LANT-LY, ad. Bravely; generously.
GAL-LANT'LY, ad. Like a wooer.
GAL'LANT-NESS, n. Elegance of accomplishment
or of acquired qualification.
GAL'LANT- EY, n. Bravery; generosity; civility;
lewdness.^
GALL'-BLAD-DEB, n. A small membranous sack
which receives the bile from the liver.
GAL'LE-ON, n. A large Spanish ship with three
or four decks.
GAL'LER-Y, n. A covered walk ; a floor elevated
on columns, as in a church, &c. ; a collection of
paintings, statues, &c. ; a balcony projecting from
the stern or quarter of a vessel.
GAL'LEY (gaily), n. ; pi. GAI/LETS. A low, flat-
built vessel.
GAL'LEY, n. In printing, a frame to receive types
from the composing-stick.
GAL'LEY-SL A VE, n. One condemned for a crime
to work at the oar on board a galley.
GALL'-FLY, n. The insect that punctures plants
and causes the galls.
GAL'LIABD (gal'yard), n. A brisk, gay man.
GAL'Lie, a. Pertaining to Gaul, now France ; be-
longing to galls or oak-apples.
GAL'LK) AC'ID, n. An acid obtained from gall-
nuts.
GAL'LK)-AN, a. Pertaining to France.
GAL'LI-CISM, n. An idiom of the French lan-
guage.
GAL-LI-GAS'KINS, n. pi. Large open hose.
GAL-LI-NA'CEOUS (-shusj, a. Designating fowls
of that order to which domestic fowls belong.
GAL'LI-NIP-PEB, i musquito.
GAL'LI-POT, n. A pot painted and glazed.
GALL'-N0T, u. An excrescence on oak and other
trees, used for dyeing and ink.
GAL'LON, n. A fluid measure of four quarts.
GAL-LOON', n. A kind of close lace.
GAL'LOP, v, i- To move fast, as a horse, by springs
or leaps.
GAL'LOP, n. A swift leaping movement, as of a
horse, both fore feet and hind feet striking the
ground at once.
GAL'LO-WAY, n. A horse of a small species, bred
in Galloway, Scotland.
as K ; 6 as J ; * as z ; CH as en ; SHIS.
GAL'LOWS (gal'lus), n. ; pi. GAL'LOW-SES. A gib-
bet ; a pair of pantaloon suspenders.
GALL'-STONE, n. A concretion formed in the
gall-bladder.
GAL'LY. See GALLEY.
GAL-VAN'I, a. Pertaining to galvanism.
GAL'VAN-ISM, n. A species of electricity, pro-
duced by connecting dissimilar metals through
the agency chiefly of some oxidating fluid in
which they are immersed ; the electricity of che-
mical action.
GAL'VAN-IST, n. One versed in galvanism.
GAL'VAN-IZE, v. t. To affect with galvanism ; to
coat with metal by galvanism.
GAL'VAN-IZED-I-EON, n. Iron coated by a pe-
culiar process with zinc, so as to render it less
liable to oxidation.
GAL-VAN-OM'E-TEB, } n. An instrument for
GAL-VAN'O-SeOPE, J measuring the force of
galvanism in a minute quantity.
GAM'BLE (gam-Tol), v. i. To game or play for
money.
GAM'BLEE, n. One that gambles.
GAM'BLING, n. The act or practice of gaming for
money ; a. relating to playing for money.
GAM-BOGE', n. A gum-resin, used as a yellow
pigment, also as a purgative medicine.
GAM'BOL, n. A skipping and leaping.
GAM'BOL, v. i. To leap and skip, or frolic.
GAM'BREL, n. The hind leg of a horse ; a stick,
crooked like a horse's leg, used by butchers.
GAME, n. In antiquity, games were public diver-
sions ; play ; sport ; animals hunted.
GAME, v. i. To play j to sport ; to practise gam>
GAME'-^OCK, n. A cock bred for fighting.
GAME'-KEEP'EB, n. One that takes care^of game.
GAME'SOME (game'sum), a. Gay; sportive; fro-
licsome.
GAME'STEE, n. One addicted to gaming.
GAM'ING, n. The act, art, or practice of playing
at games for victory or for money.
GAM'ING-HOUSE, n. A house where gaming is
_ practised.
GAM'ING-TA-BLE, n. A table for gaming.
GAM'MEB, n. Compellation of an old woman, ans-
wering to gaffer, an old man.
GAM'MON, n. The buttocks or thigh of a hog
pickled and smoked ; imposition by improbable
stories.
GAM'MON, 17. t. To pickle and smoke ; to make
bacon ; to fasten a bowsprit to the stem of a ship ;
completely to defeat at backgammon ; to impose
upon by improbable stories.
GAM'UT, n. A scale of notes in music. [kind.
GAN 'DEE, n. The male of fowls of the goose
GANCH, v. t. To drop one on sharp stakes.
GANG, v. i. To go ; to walk. [Local.]
ANG, n. A company ; a crew ; substance contain-
ing ore.
GANG'-BOAED, n. A board or plank with cleats
or steps for walking out of a ship or boat, &c.
GANG'GLI-ON (gang'gli-on), n. A small or movable
tumour ; enlargement of a nerve.
GANO-GLI-ON'MJ, a. An epithet given to nerves
which exhibit ganglions.
SANG'GBENE (gang'grene), n. Mortification of
flesh, or of some part of a living animal body.
3AN G 'GENE, v. i. To mortify ; to become mor-
tified.
GAN G 'GEE-NOTJS (ga'ng'gre-nus), a. Mortified ;
_ putrefied.
GANGUE (gang), n. The mineral substance which
incloses or is associated with metallic ore.
GANG'WAY, n. A passage ; a platform in ships.
AN'NET, n. The booby or solan goose, allied to
the pelican family.
GAN'OID, n. In IcWiyology, an order of fishes
covered with enamelled scales.
GrANT'LET, ") n. A military punishment, in which
GANT'LOPE, j the criminal, running between
two files, receives a blow from each man.
GAN
184
GAY
I, S, &c., long.--I, 8, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
GlN'Y-MEDE, n. Jupiter's cup-bearer, noted for
beauty ; hence, cup-bearer.
GAOL (jale), n. A place of confinement. See JAIL,
GAOL'-DE-LlV'E-RY, n. A judicial process for clear-
ing jails of criminals by ordering them for trial.
GAOL'ER (jal'er), n. A jailer, which see.
GAP, n. A breach ; opening ; chasm.
GAPE or GAPE, v. i. To open the motith wide ; to
yawn; to gaze at with wonder. See GAZE.
GAPE or GAPE, n. An opening of the mouth wide.
GARB, n. Clothes ; dress ; appearance.
GARB'AGE, n. Offals of animals ; entrails.
GAR'BLE, v. t. To pick out ; to give imperfectly,
as to garble a quotation.
GAR'BLES (gar'blz), n. pi. The dust, soil, or filth
severed from goods, spices, drugs, &c.
GAR'DEN (gar'dn), n. A place for the cultivation
of plants for the kitchen, fruits, flowers, or
shrubs ; a rich, cultivated spot or tract of country.
GAR'D-EN, v. i. To cultivate a garden.
GAR'DJEN-ER (gar'Ju-cr), n. One who makes or
tills a garden.
GAR'DEN-ING (giirMn-ing), n. The tilling or cul-
tivating of a garden.
GAR' FISH, n. . The green-bone j the sea-pike ;
long-nose.
GAR'GET, n. A swelling in the udders of cows.
GAR'GLE (gar'gl), n. A liquid preparation for the
mouth.
GAR'GLE, v. t. To wash the mouth and throat
with a liquid preparation.
GAR'GOYLE, n. A projecting waterspout in old
houses, grotesquely carved.
GAR'ISH, a. Gaudy ; splendid. See GAIRTSH.
GAR'LAND, n. A wreath of flowers ; a chaplet ;
v. t. to deck with a garland.
GAR'LIC, n. A plant of a strong smell, having a
bulbous root.
GAR'MENT, n. An article of clothing ; dress.
GAR'NER, n. A granary ; a place for depositing
grain.
GAR'NER, v. t. To store up grain.
GAR'NET, n. A mineral and gem, usually red.
GAR'NISH, n. Ornament or decoration ; a dish to
set off others at dinner ; something laid round a
dish for ornament.
GAR'NISH, v. t. To adorn ; to decorate; to set off.
GAR-NISH-EE', n. One in whose hands property
of an absconding debtor is attached.
GAR'NISH-ER, n. One who decorates or embel-
lishes.
GAR'NISH-MENT, n. Ornament; decoration; a
warning to a party to appear in court, ; a fee.
GAR'NI-TCRE, n. Ornamental appendages; fur-
niture, dress, &c.
GAR'RET, n. The upper room of a house immedi-
ately under the roof.
GAR-RET-EER', n. One who lives in a garret.
GAR'RI-SON (gar're-sn), n. A body of troops in a
fort; a fortress furnished with troops for de-
fence.
GAR'RI-SON, v. i. To secure by a fort and sol-
diers.
GAR-ROTE', n. A Spanish punishment by strang-
ling with an iron collar screwed tight.
GAR-ROTTE' v. t. Suddenly to render insensible
by half strangling in order to rob.
GAR-RU'LI-TY (31), n. Loquacity; talkativeness.
GAR'RU-LOUS, a. Disposed to talk much or
prate. SYN. Talkative ; loquacious. A garrulous
person indulges in long, prosy talk, with frequent
repetitions and lengthened details ; talfraf ive im-
plies simply a great desire to talk, and loquacious
a great flow of words at command. A child is
talkative; a lively woman is loquacious; an old
man in his dotage is garrulous.
GAR'TER, n. A band to fasten a stocking; an
order of knighthood in England.
GAR'TEK, v. t. To fasten with a garter ; to invest
with the order of the garter.
GAS (gass), n.; pi. GAS'ES. An aeriform, elastic
fluid.
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TfiRM ; MARi'XE, BfRD J MOVB,
GAS-ON-ADE', n. A boasting; bragging; bra-
vado ; v. *. to boast ; to bluster ; to brag.
GA$'E-OUS (gaz'e-us), a. Being in the form of
gas ; aeriform.
GASH, n. A deep and long cut or incision in the
flesh.
GASH, v. t. To make a long incision ; to cut.
GAS-I-FI-GA'TION, n. The act or process of con-
verting into gas.
GAS'I-FT, v. t. To convert into an aeriform fluid
by combining with caloric.
GAS'KET, TV. A plaited cord to fasten a sail.
GAS'KINS, n. pi. Wide, open hose.
GAS'LIGHT, n. Light produced by burning gas.
GAS'-M-TER, 11. A machine attached to gas-
works and pipes to show the quantity used.
GA$-C)M'E-TER (gaz-Sm'e-ter), n. In chemistry, a
reservoir for collecting, mixing, or preparing gas ;
gas-holder.
GAS-OM'E-TRY, n. Art of Measuring gases.
GASP (6), v. i. To open the mouth wide in catching
breath ; to long for ; v. t. to emit breath by open-
ing the mouth wide.
GASP, n. An opening of the mouth to catch
breath; the short catch of breath in a person
dying.
GAS'TRMJ, o. Belonging to the stomach.
GAS-TRtL'O-QUIST, n. One who speaks as from
his belly ; a ventriloquist.
GAS-TRlL'O-QUY, n. A speaking that appears to
proceed from the belly ; ventriloquism.
GAS-TRI'TIS, n. Chronic inflammation of the
stomach.
GAS-TROL'O-GY, n. A treatise on the stomach.
GAS-TRON'0-MER, ) n. One who likes good liv-
GAS-TRGN'O-MISTJ ing ; an epicure.
GAS-TRO-NGMTG, a. Pertaining to gastronomy.
GAS-TUON'O-MY, n. The art or science of good
eating^ [is made.
GAb'-WORKS, n. The manufactory where coal-gas
GATE, n. Something movable used for closing an
entrance, as the gate of an entrance, a water-
course, &c.
GATH'ER, n. A plait or fold in cloth made by
drawing; pucker.
GATH'ER, v. t. To bring together; to contract;
to crop ; to collect ; to pick ; to deduce ; v. i. to
collect together.
GATH'ER-ING, n. A collection ; a tumour.
GAUD, n. An ornament for the person.
GAUD'I-LY, ad. With much show ; gayly.
GAUD'I-NESS, n. Showiness; ostentatious finery.
GAUD'Y, a. Showy ; ostentatiously fine.
GAUGE (gaje), v. t. To measure the contents of a
cask ; to measure in respect to proportion. See
GAGE.
GAUGE, n. A gage ; a rod for measuring.
GAUGE'-eOCKS, n. pi. Cocks attached to steam-
boilers to show the height of water.
GAUG'ER (ga'jer), n. A man whose business is to
measure casks.
GAUG'ING (ga'jing), n. The art of measuring the
contents of casks, &c.
GAUG'ING-ROD, n. An instrument for measuring
the contents of casks, &c.
GAUNT (gant), a. Empty; lean; thin; slender;
meagre, as an animal after long fasting.
GAUNT'LET, n. An iron glove for defence.
GAUZE, n. A very thin transparent silk or linen.
GAUZ'Y, a. Like gauze ; thin as gauze.
GA.VEL, n. A small parcel of grain laid together
in reaping ; the mallet of a chairman.
SAVEL-KIND, n. A tenure by which land des-
cends from a father to his sons equally.
GAV'IAL, n. An Asiatic species of crocodile.
GAWK, n. A cuckoo ; a simpleton.
GAWK'Y, a. Foolish; awkward; clumsy; n. a
stupid, awkward fellow.
GAY, a. In high spirits; sportive; showy. STN.
Lively ; frolicsome ; gleeful ; blithe.
GAY'E-TY, n. High animal spirits; merriment;
airiness ; show. See CHEERFULNESS.
GAY
185
GEN
D&VE, WQLF, BogK ; R^LE, BiJLL; vl"cious. -easK; aasjj gasz; cnasiH; THIS.
GAYTDY, ad. Finely ; merrily ; splendidly.
GAY'NESS, n. Fineness; show; splendidness.
GAZE, v. t. To look with fixed attention ; v. i. to
look steadily. SYN. To gape ; stare. To gaze is
to look with fixed and prolonged attention, awak-
ened by excited interest or elevated emotion ; to
gape is to look fixedly with feelings of ignorant
wonder ; to stare (literally, strain the eyes) is to
look with the fixedness of insolence or of idiocy.
The lover of nature gazes with delight on the beau-
ties of the landscape ; the rustic gapes with won-
der at the strange sights of a large city ; the idiot
stares on those around with a vacant look.
GAZE, n. A fixed or eager look ; a look of eager-
ness, admiration, or curiosity ; the object so
looked at.
GAZE'FQL, a. Looking intently ; given to gazing.
GA-ZEL', ") n. A graceful animal partaking of
GA-ZELLE'J the nature of the goat and the
deer, celebrated for its beautiful eyes.
GAZ'ER, n. One who looks with fixed attention.
GA-ZETTE' (ga-zef), n. A newspaper; v. t. to an-
nounce or publish in a gazette.
GAZ-ET-TEER', n. A dictionary of geography; a
title of a newspaper; a writer fora gazette.
GAZ'ING-STOCK, n. One gazed at in scorn.
GEAR, n. Apparatus ; harness ; tackle ; v. t. to
harness ; to dress ; to apply tackle.
GEER' } n * A tootne(i cog-wheel in machinery.
GEARTNG, ) n. A train of wheels in machinery
GEER'LNG, $ for transmitting motion ; harness.
GEE, ) A word used by teamsters, directing their
TEE, j teams to turn to the right; opposed to
GEN'ER-4-TlVE, a. Able to produce.
haw, or hither. GEN'ER-A-TOR, n. One who begets or produces ;
GE-HfiN'NA (g hard), n. Valley of Hinnom, used principal sound inmusic ; a vessel in which steam
by the Jews for hell. is produced.
GEL'A-BLE (jel'a-bl), a. That may be congealed or GE-NBB1, ) a. Pertaining to or comprehend-
converted into jelly. GE-NER'I-AL,) ing a genus.
GfiL'A-TlNE (jeTa-tin), n. Concrete animal sub- GE-NER'I-AL-LY, ad. With regard to genus,
stance. GEiT-ER-OS'I-TY, n. Liberality of soul; liberal-
GE-LATT-NATE, v. t. To form jelly. I i- y in act ; nobleness of soul. SYN. Benevolence ;
GEL'A-TlNE. ") a. Of the nature of gelatine; b mnty ; munificence; magnanimity.
GE-LAT I-NOUS, 3 viscous; gluey. GEN'ER-OUS, a. Free to give; with an open
GELD, v. t. To deprive of an essential part; to | heart, &c. ; high spirit; disposed to do honour-
castrate. I ably. SYN. Liberal; bounteous; bountiful; mu-
GELD'ING, n. A castrated horse. | . nificent ; frank ; candid ; full ; courageous ; free.
versal. Common denotes that a thing io very often
met with ; ge?ieral is stronger, denoting that it per-
tains to a majority of the individuals which com-
pose a genus or whole ; universal, that it pertains
to all without exception. To be able to read and
write is so common an attainment in this country
that we may pronounce it general, though by no
means itnifersal.
GEN'ER-AL, n. The commander of an army ; the
whole ; in general, in the main.
GEN-ER-AL-lS'SI-MO, n. Chief officer of an army.
GEN-ER-AL'I-TY, n. State of being general ; main
body ; bulk ; the whole.
GEN-ER-AL-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of making
general, or of reducing particulars to generals, &c.
GEN'ER-AL-lZE, v. t. To render general ; to re-
duce to a genus.
<*JEN'ER-AL-LY, ad. In general ; commonly.
GN'ER-AL-NESS, n. Wide extent ; commonness ;
frequency.
GEN'ER-AL-SHIP, n. The skill or office of a gene-
ral ; military skill.
GfiN'ER-ANT, n. The power or principle that
generates or produces; in geometry, a line, sur-
face, or solid generated or supposed to be so by
the motion of a point, line, or surface.
GEN'ER-ATE, v. t. To produce ; to procreate.
GEN-ER-A'TION, n. The act of begetting ; pro-
duction ; a single succession in natural descent ;
t"ie people of the same period; genealogy; a
i. mily ; a race ; in physiology, the collective name
of all the vital operations producing an organised
being.
GEL'ID yel'id), a. Cold or very cold; icy.
GEL'LY '(jelly), n. The inspissated juice of fruit
boiled with sugar ; a gluey substance ; jelly.
(iKM (jSm), n. A bud ; a precious stone.
GM, v. t. To adorn with jewels; to embellish
with detached bea.uties ; v. i. to bud ; to germi-
nate.
GE-MA'RA, n. The second part of the Talmud;
the Commentary on the Mishna.
GEM'IN-ATE, v. t. To double.
GEM-I-NA'TION, n. A doubling; duplication.
GEM'I-N1 (jfm'e-nl), n. pi. Twins; a signin the zo-
diac.
GEM'MA-RY, a. Pertaining to gems.
GEM'MATE, a. Having buds.
GF.M-MA'TION, n. Form of budding in plants.
GEM'ME-OUS, a. Pertaining to gems; of the na-
ture of gems ; like gems.
GEM-MIF ER-OUS, a. Producing buds.
GEM'MY, a. Full of gems; neat; spruce; smart.
GEN D'ARME (zMn darm), n. ; pi. GENS D'AIJMICS
(zhan darm), [JV.] In France, one of a company
of guards employed by the police. Abolished in
1830.
GENDER, n. Sex ; difference of words to express
sex ; v. t. to bearet ; to procreate ; to produce.
GEN-E-A-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to genealogy.
GEN-E-AL'O-GIST, n. One skilled in genealogy.
GEN-E-AL'O-GIZE, v. i. To relate genealogies or
the histories of descent.
GEN-E-AL'O-GY, n. History of descents ; lineage ;
v pedigree ; enumeration of ancestors.
GEN'ER-AL, a. Literally, relating to a genus or
kind ; hence, comprehending large numbers or a
Large proportion ; extensive. SYN. Common; uni-
GKN'ER-OUS-LY, ad.
1 GEls'ER-OUS-NESS,
With liberality ; freely.
The quality of being gen-
erous ; liberality in bestowing.
GEN'E-SIS, n. The first book of the sacred Scrip-
tures ; generation ; the formation of any thing, as
of a line, by the motion of a point.
GEN'ET (jen'et), n. A small horse ; an animal of
the weasel kind; also applied to catskins when
used for muffs, &c.
GE-NET'I, a. Relating to origin.
GE-NE'VA, n. Gin, a spirit distilled from grain,
and flavoured by the juniper berry (Fr. rjenicire) .
GEN'E-VESE, n. Inhabitants of Geneva,
GE'Nl-AL, a. Contributing to production ; gay ;
merry ; enlivening.
GE'NI-AL-LY, ad. With life ; gayly ; cheerfully.
GE-NKJ-U-LA'TION, n- Knottiness; the having
knots or joints like a knee.
GEN'I-TAL, a. Pertaining to generation or the act
of begetting.
6EN'I-TALS, n. pi. Parts belonging to generation.
GEN'I-TlVE, n. The second case of nouns denoting
possession.
GEN'I-TOR, n. One who procreates ; a father.
G'NI-US, n. ; pi. GE'HI-I. ^Imong the ancients, a
good or evil spirit or demon supposed to preside
over a man's destiny in life.
GEN'IUS, n. ; pi. GKN'IUS-ES. Extraordinary men-
tal power leading to new and original trains oi
thought ; a strong natural bent for some employ-
ment ; a man of genius ; a good or bad angel.
SYN. Talent. Genius (lit., born with us) implies
high and peculiar gifts of nature impelling the
mind to certain favourite kinds of mental effort,
and producing new combinations of ideas, imagery,
186
GHA
I, , &c., long. I, 4, &c., s7tort. CARE, PAR, LAST,
&c. Talent supposes general strength of intellect,
with a peculiar aptitude for being moulded and
directed to specific employments, and valuable
ends and purposes. Hence the name, talent, the
highest measure among the Greeks, for the value
of money. Genius is connected more or less with
the exercise of imagination, and reaches its ends
by a kind of intuitive power. Talent depends more
on high mental training and a perfect command of
all the faculties, memory, judgment, sagacity,
&c. Hence we speak of a genius for poetry,
painting &c., and a talent for business or diplo-
macy. Among English orators, Lord Chatham
was distinguished for his genius; William Pitt for
his pre-eminent talents, and especially his un-
rivaled talent for reply.
QEN-TEEL', a. Well-bred ; polished in manners ;
easy and graceful in behaviour ; free from any
thing low or vulgar. SYN. Polite; refined; po-
lished ; elegant ; fashionable.
GEN-TEEL'LY, ad. With polite manners.
GEN-TEEL'NESS, n. Gracefulness of manners ;
elegance.
GENTIAN (jSn'shan), n. A plant whose root, of a
bitter taste, is used in stomachic bitters.
GEN'TIL, n. A trained hawk.
GENTILE, n. A heathen ; a pagan ; any person,
not a Jew or a Christian ; a. pertaining to heathens.
GEN'TIL-ISM, n. Heathenism ; paganism.
GEN-TlL'I-TY, n. Politeness or gracefulness of
maimers.
GENTLE, a. Originally, belonging to the better
born, of good family ; hence, of mild feelings ;
not rough or coarse ; not wild ; soothing to the
senses. SYN. Tame ; mild ; meek. Gentle de-
scribes the natural disposition ; tame, that which
is subdued by training; mild implies a temper
which is, by nature, not easily provoked ; meek,
a spirit which has been schooled to mildness by
discipline or suffering. The lamb is gentle ; the
domestic fowl is tame; John the Apostle was
mild ; Moses was meelc.
GENTLE-FOLKS (-foks), n. People of good breed-
ing or family.
GENTLE-MAN, n. A man of good breeding and
character ; a term of complaisance ; pi. GENTLE-
MEN, a term of an address to an assembly or
company.
GENTLE-MAN-LIKE,") a. Becoming a gentle-
GENTLE-MAN-LY, $ man ; polite ; complai-
sant.
GENTLE-MAN-LI-NESS, n. Behaviour of a well-
bred man.
GENTLE-NESS, n. Tameness ; meekness ; mild-
ness ; kindness ; sweetness.
GENTLE-WOM-AN, n. A woman of good family
or polite manners.
GENTLY, ad. Softly ; with care ; tenderly.
GEN-TOO', n. A native of India or Hindostan.
GENTRY, n. People of education and good breed-
ing. The gentry, those next below the nobility.
GE-NU-FLECTION, n. An act of religious kneel-
GEN'0-lNE (jgn'yu-m), a. Free from adulteration ;
not spurious ; true ; real. SYN. Pure; unalloyed;
native. See AUTHENTIC.
GEN'tJ-lNE-LY, ad. Really ; truly ; naturally.
GEN'tT-lNE-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
real, true, or pure. SYN. Purity; reality.
GE'NUS, n. ; pi. GEN'ER-A. In natural science,
an assemblage of species with common character-
istics.
GE-O-CENTRrG, "> a. Having the same centre
GE-O-CENTRI-AL, as the earth.
GE'ODE, n. A rounded hollow nodule of stone,
generally lined inside with crystals.
GE-OD'E-SY, n. In practical geometry, the art
of measuring the earth.
GE-OG'NO-SY, n. Science of the structure of the
earth.
GE-OG'O-NY, n. The science or doctrine of the
formation of the earth.
FALL, WHAT ; THERE, Tiliil ; MARINE, BlHD ; MOVB,
GE-OG'RA-PHER, n. One skilled in geography.
GE-O-GRAPH'I, ) a. Relating to geogra-
GE-O-GRAPH'I-AL, f phy.
GE-0-GRAPH'I-AL-LY, ad. In a geographical
manner.
GE-OG7RA-PHY, n. Description of the earth's
surface, &c. ; a book containing a description of
the earth.
GE-O-LOG're-AL, a. Pertaining to geology.
GE-OL'O-GlST, n. One versed in geology.
GE-OL'O-GIZE, v. t. To study geology.
GE-OL'O-GY, n. The science of the structure, ma-
terials, and history of the earth.
GE'0-MAN-CY, n. Divination by means of figures
and lines.
GE-OM'E-TER. n. One skilled in geometry.
GE-OM'E-TRAL, ") a. Pertaining to or accord-
GE-O-MET'RI, } ing to the rules of georn-
GE-O-MET'RI-AL, ) etry.
GE-0-MET'RI-AL-LY, ad. According to geom-
etry.
GE-OM-E-TRl"CIAN (-trish'an), n. One versed in
geometry.
GE-OM'E-TRIZE, v. t. To perform geometrically.
GE-OM'E-TRY, n. The science of quantity and
mensuration.
GE-O-RA'MA, n. A spherical chamber having the
features of the earth delineated on the concave
surface.
GEORGE', n. A figure of St. George on horse-back
worn by the knights of the Garter.
GEOR'GK! (jor'jik), n. A rural poem.
GEOR'GK), ) a. Relating to the doctrine of
GEOR'Gl-AL, 3 agriculture.
GEOR'GIUM SI'DUS[L.], n. The Georgian star;
the planet Franus.
GE-RA'NI-UM, n. A species of fragrant plants
with beautiful flowers.
GERM (13), n. A seed-bud ; first principle; origin.
GER'MAN, a. Cousins german are the sons or
daughters of brothers or sisters ; first cousins.
GER-MAN'I-G, a. Pertaining to Germany.
GER'MAN-ISM, n. An idiom of the German lan-
guage.
GER'MAN SlLTER, n. A mixed metal, composed
of copper, zinc, and nickel, much used for various
articles, as forks, spoons, &c.
GfiR'MEN, n. ; pi.. GER'MENS. A sprouting seed;
a germ.
GER'MI-NAL, a. Pertaining to the germ or seed-
bud.
GfiR'MI-NANT, o. Sprouting.
GER'MI-NATE, v. i. or t. To bud; to sprout; to
shoot forth.
GER-MI-NATION, n. The act of sprouting ; the
time in which seeds vegetate.
GER/UND, n. A kind of verbal noun in Latin.
GES-TATION, n. The act of carrying young in the
womb from conception to delivery-
GESTLG, o. Pertaining to the dance; relating to
bodily motion, as in the dance.
GES-Ti-e'U-LATE, v. i. To use gestures or mo-
tions ; v. t. to represent by gesture.
GES-TI-U-LA'TION, n. Act of making gestures ;
gesture ; antic tricks or motions.
GES-Tl!'u -LA-TOR, n. One that shows postures
or makes gestures.
GEST'tJRE (jBst'ynr), n. Action or posture ex-
pressing passion ' motion of the arms, as in speak-
ing.
GEST/CTRE, . t. To accompany with gesture or
action.
GET, v. t. [pret. GOT (GAT) ; pp. GOT, GOTTEN.] To
gain ; to obtain ; to win ; to prevail ; to induce ;
to learn ; to reach.
GET, v. i. To arrive at a place or state.
GEWGAW (gu'gaw), n. A showy trifle; a bauble;
a toy. "
GEY'SER (gy'ser), n. The name of certain inter-
mittent fountains in Iceland which send forth
boiling water.
GHAST'FUL (gast'ful) (6), a. Dismal; frightful.
GHA
187
G1Z
B# LE, BLL J Vl"CIOUS.
D6VE, WOLF,
GHAST'LI-NKSS, n. A death-like look.
GHAST'LY, a. Death-like; very pale; hideous;
frightful, as wounds, &c.
GHAUT (gawt), n. A mountain pass ; a chain
of' mountains, appropriately those of Central
Hindostan ; stairs descending to a river, &c.
GHEE, n. Clarified butter in India.
GHER'KIN, n. A pickled cucumber.
GHOST (gost), 11. The soul of a deceased person ;
apparition.
GHOSTLY, a. Like a ghost ; pale ; spiritual.
GHOUL,) n. A fictitious demon that feeds on the
GHOLEJ dead.
GI'ANT, n. A man of extraordinary stature; o.
like a giant ; unusually large or strong.
GI'ANT-ESS, n. A female giant.
GI'ANT-LIKE, ) o. Like a giant ; of extraordinary
GI'ANT-LY, j size ; gigantic ; huge.
GI'ANT-SHIP, n. State or character of a giant.
GIAOUR (jowr), n. In Turkey, an infidel, applied
to Christians.
GtB'BER, v. i. To speak inarticulately.
GlB'BER-ISH, n. Rapid, inarticulate speech;
nonsense ; a. unmeaning, as words.
GIB'BET (jlb'bet), n. A gallows to expose criminals;
the projecting beam of a crane, on which is a pul-
ley; v. t. to hang and expose on a gibbet.
GIB-BOSE', a. Humped; a term applied to a sur-
face which presents one or more large elevations.
GIB-BOS'I-TY, ) n. Protuberance ; a round or
GlB'BOUS-NESS,/ swelling prominence; con-
vexity.
GlB'BOUS, a. Swelling ; protuberant ; convex ;
applied to the moon in her first and third quarters.
GlB'AT, n. An old cat or he cat.
GIBE (jibe), v. i. or t. To assail with scornful
censures. SYN. To flout; scoff; jeer; taunt;
mock at ; deride.
GIBE, n. A brief expression of censure and con-
tempt; scornful sarcasm. SYN. Jeer; sneer:
taunt; scoff; reproach.
GlB'LETS (jlblets), n. pi. The neck, pinions,
entrails, &c., of a fowl, removed before roasting.
GlD'DI-LY, ad. "With the head swimming ; heed-
lessly.
GlD'DI-NESS, n. A swimming of the head; a
disposition to change or flightiness. SYN. Dizzi-
ness ; vertigo ; inconstancy ; levity ; fickleness.
GlD'DY, a. Literally, whirling; hence, afflicted
with a whirl or swimming of the head ; tending
to produce such swimming, as a giddy height;
wild with excitement; unstable. SYN. Fickle;
heedless ; volatile ; thoughtless.
GlER'-EA-GLE, o. A large variety of eagle.
GIFT, n. Any thing granted gratuitously ; faculty.
See DONATION.
G1 FT, v. t. To endow with any faculty.
GIFT'ED, a. Richly endowed by nature.
GIG, n. Something that has lively motion ; a light
two-wheeled carriage ; a top or whirligig; a light
boat; a lively, playful person ; a harpoon. Gigs,
rotatory cylinders for teazling cloth.
GI-GAN-TE'AN, o. Like a giant ; mighty.
Like a gian
Like a giant ; huge ; enormous.
\. laugh with short catches of
GI-GAN'TI-G, a.'
GIG/GLE, n.
breath.
GlG/GLE, r. i. To laugh with short catches of
breath ; to laugh in a silly way ; to titter.
GlGXE'f 11 ' } " A siUy laugher; a titterer.
GlG'OT (jlg'ot), n. [fr.] A term applied, in coolcery,
to a leg of mutton; a hip joint; a. li:
a rounded shape like a leg of mutton, as gigot
sleeves.
GlLD, v. t. [prct. and pp. GILDED or GILT.] To
overlay with gold ; to adorn ; to brighten ; to give
a fair external appearance.
GlLD'ER, 71. One who gilds.
GlLD'ING, n. An overlaying with gold ; the gold
thus laid on.
3lLL fjil), n. The fourth of a pint; a plant;
a wanton g
as K ; a as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
GILL, n. The organ of respiration in fishes ; a
hanging flap under the beak of a fowl; hanging
flesh on the lower part of the cheeks.
GIL'LY-FLOWER, 71. Literally, July flower ; name
of several beautiful plants.
GILT, pp. or a. from GILD. Overlaid with gold.
GILT, n. Gold laid on the surface.
GlM'BAL, n. A combination of rings for suspend-
ing any thing freely, as a compass, &c., to preserve
its horizon tali ty.
GlM'!RACK (jim'->, n. A device; toy; trivial
mechanism.
GlM'LET, 7i. A small borer of different sizes.
GIMP, n. Silk twist or lace ; edging.
GlN, 7i. A distilled spirit flavoured with junipei*.
[From the French name of the plant, g-snievre.']
Used also, by contraction, for engine, and hence
applied to various machines, especially to one for
separating cotton from its seed ; applied also to a
trap.
GlN, v. t. To clean cotton of its seed; to snare,
GlN'GER, n. A plant and its root ; having a warm,
spicy taste.
GlN'GER-BREAD, n. A cake made of flour, butter,
and ginger, sweetened.
GlN'GER-BREAD-WORK, n. Work cut and
carved in various fanciful forms; work without
solidity.
GlN'6ER-LY, ad. Cautiously ; neatly ; nicely.
GlNG'HAM, 7i. A cotton cloth thinner than cali-
co; having the same colours on both sides,
woven chiefly in stripes or checkers.
GlN G 'GLE, ") v. i. To make a sharp, clattering
JlNG'GLE, j sound.
GlN'SENG (jfn'seng), n. A plant and its root,
slightly bitter.
GlP'SY, n. ; pi. GIP'SIES. A vagrant pretending to
tell fortunes; a reproachful name for one of a
dark complexion.
GlP'SY, a. Pertaining to or like the gipsies.
GI-RAFFE', n. An African quadruped whose fore
legs are much longer than the hind ones ; a camel-
opard. It is the tallest of animal s.
GlR'AN-DOLE (jir'an-dole), n. A large branched
chandelier.
GIRD (17), n. A blow; a taunt; a hoop.
GIRD, v. t. [pret. and pp. GUIDED or GinT.] To
bind ; to tie round ; to press ; to prepare ; to gibe ;
v. i. to sneer ; to break a scornful jest ; to utter
sarcasms.
GlRD'ER, n. The chief timber in a floor.
GlRD'ING, n. A covering.
GJRD'LE, . A band round the waist.
GlRD'LE, v. t. To bind ; to cut a ring round a tree.
GIRL (17), 7i. A female child ; a young woman.
GlRL'-HOQD, n. The state of a girl.
GlRL'ISH, a. Like a girl ; light ; giddy.
GlRL'ISH-NESS, n. Girlish manners ; giddiness.
GtRT, ") 7i. A band or strap for a saddle ; a cir-
GlRTH, $ cular bandage.
GlRTH } v> *' To bind with a girtb '
GIST (jl'st), n. The main point of a case ; the turn-
ing point.
GIVE, v. t. [pret. GAVE ; pp. GIVEN.] The leading idea
is to send forth, as " give me your hand ;"
hence, to bestow freely or without recompense,
and from this branch forth numerous modifica-
tions of the sense ; v. i. to yield under pressure,
as the ice gives. SYN. To confer; grant. To give
is generic. To confer was originally used of per-
sons in power, who gave permanent grants or
privileges, as to confer the order of knighthood ;
and hence it still denotes the giving of something
which might have been withheld, as to confer a
favour. To grant is to give in answer to a petition
or request, or to one who is in some way dependent
or inferior.
GtV'ER, 7i. One who gives ; a donor.
GIVES, n. pi. Fetters. See GYVES.
GIVING, 7i. The act of bestowing gratuitously.
GlZ'ZARD, n. The musculur stomach of a fowl.
GLA
188
GLO
1, 1, &c., long. I, fi, &C., short. -CARE, TAB, LAST,
GLA'BEOUS, a. Smooth ; having an even surface.
GLA'CIAL (gla'shal), a. Pertaining to or like ice;
icy.
GLA'CIATE, v. i. to change into ice.
GL A-CI-A'TION, n. Act of freezing ; ice formed.
GLA'CIER (gla'seer or glas'se-er), n. A field of ice
formed in valleys which moves downwards.
GLA'CIOUS (gla'shus), a. Like ice ; icy.
GLA'CIS, n. [Fr.~\ A slope, or sloping bank in
fortifications.
GLAD, a. Affected with pleasure ; wearing an ap-
pearance of joy ; wearing a gay appearance ;
affording pleasure ; expressing or exciting joy ;
v. t. to make glad ; to exhilarate. SYN. Delight-
ed ; gratified. Delighted expresses a much higher
degree of pleasure than glad; gratified always re-
fers to a pleasure conferred by some human agent,
and the feeling is modified by the consideration
that we owe it in part to another. A person may
be glad or delighted to see a friend, and gratified at
the attention shown by his visits.
GLAD'DEN (glad'dn), v. t. or i. To make or become
glad.
GLADE, n. An opening through a wood or in ice.
GLAD'I-ATE, o. Sword-shaped; resembling a
sword.
GLAD'I-A-TOR, n. A sword-player; a prize-fighter.
'!- Bering to gMiators.
GLAD'I-OLE, n. The sword-lily.
GLAD'LY, ad. With joy or pleasure ; cheerfully.
GLAD'NESS, n. A moderate degree of joy. SYN.
Pleasure ; delight ; joy ; happiness.
GLAD'SOME, a. Pleased ; joyful ; causing joy.
GLAD'SOME-NESS, n. Moderate joy; pleasure.
GLAIR, n. The white of an egg ; a halbert ; v. i. to
smear with the white of an egg ; to varnish.
GLAIR Y, a. Partaking of the qualities of glair.
GLA'MOUR, n. A magical deception of the eyes,
making things appear different from what they
are.
GLANCE (6), 7i. A sudden shoot or darting of
light ; a cast of the sight ; a rapid or momentary
view ; a dark metallic sulphuret.
GLANCE, v. i. To dart a ray of light; to fly off
obliquely; to hint a censure; to view with a
sudden cast of the eye ; v. t. to turn suddenly or
obliquely, as to glance the eye.
GLAND, n. A secreting organ in animals and
plants.
GLAND'ERS, n. A running from the nose ; a con-
tagious disease of horses.
GLAN-DIF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing acorns or other
nuts.
GLAND'tT-LAR (gland'yu-lar), a. Consisting of or
like glands.
GLANDULE (glSnd'yule), n. A small gland or
secreting vessel.
GLAND'0-LOUS, o. Like a gland ; consisting of
glands.
GLANS, n. The nut of the ponis ; an acorn ; a
strumous swelling.
GLARE (4), n. A bright, dazzling lighb ; a fierce,
piercing look; a viscous transparent substance.
See GLAIR.
GLARE, t;. i. To shine so as to dazzle the sight :
to look with fierce eyes ; v. t. to shoot a dazzling-
light.
GLAR'ING, a. Open ; barefaced ; notorious,.
GLAR'ING-LY, ad. Openly ; notoriously.
GLASS (6), n. A transparent substance made of
sand and alkali ; a glass vessel of any kind ; a
mirror ; a vessel to be filled with sand, for meas-
uring time ; a perspective glass.
GLASS, a. Made of glass ; vitreous.
GLASS, v. t. To cover with glass (usually glaze) ;
to mirror.
GLASS'ES, n. pi. Spectacles.
GLASS'-FtTR-NACE, n. A furnace for melting the
materials of glass.
GLASS'-HOUSE, n. A house where glass is made.
GLASS'I-NESS, n. A vitreous appearance.
FALL, WH^T ; TH*RE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BfET), "MOVE,
GLASS'- WORKS (-wurks), n. pi. Place whore glass
is made.
GLASS'Y, a. Made of glass; vitreous; like ^lass.
GLAUB'ER'S SALT, n. A cathartic salt ; sulphate
of soda.
GLAU-<yMA, n. A disease of the eye, giving it a
bluish-green colour.
GLAU'-eOUS, a. Having a light or sea-green
colour ; covered with a fine bloom of a greenish
colour.
GLAY'MORE, n. A large two-handed sword, for-
merly used by the Highlanders. See CLATMOKE.
GLAZE, v. t. To furnish with glass ; to cover with
a smooth or vitreous substance ; to make glossy.
GLAZE, n. The vitreous coating or glazing of
potter's ware. [glass.
GLA'ZIER (gla'zhur), n. One who sets window-
GLAZ'ING, n. The art of setting glass ; the vit-
reous substance on potters' ware ; transparent or
semi-transparent colour passed thinly over other
colours.
GLEAM, n. A faint shooting forth of light; a ray.
GLEAM, v. i. To shine with a faint light. SYN.
To glimmer ; glitter. To gleam denotes a faint
but distinct emission of light ; to glimmer de-
scribes an indistinct and unsteady light ; to glitter,
a brightness that is intense, but varying. The
morning light gleams upon the earth ; a distant
taper glimmers through the mist ; a dew-drop
glitters in the sun.
GLEAN, v. t. To gather the remains ; to pick up.
GLEAN, n. A collection of remains.
GLEAN'ER, n. One who gathers after reapers.
GLEAN'ING, n. Act of gathering; what is
gathered. [church.
GLEBE, n. Turf; soil; land belonging to a parish
"
GLEE, n. Literally, music or mirthful song;
a song for three or more
gayety; merriment; hil-
hence, sprightly joy ; a song for three or more
f. Mirt"
voices. SYN. Mirth
arity.
LEE'FUL, > Q. Merry; laughing;
GLEE'SOME (gle'sum), ) gay; joyous.
LEET, n. A flux of thin humour from a sore.
GLEN, n. A narrow valley ; space between hills.
GLIB, a. Admitting a body to slide easily on the
surface; easily moving, as the tongue. SYN.
Smooth; slippery: voluble; fluent; flippant.
GLIB'LY, ad. Smoothly; volubly.
LIB'NESS, n. Smoothness; slipperiness; volu-
bility of tongue.
GLIDE, v. i. To flow gently and silently ; to
move without apparent effort.
GLIDE, n. The act or mode of passing smoothly
and swiftly without effort or hinderance.
GLID'ER, n. He or that which glides.
GLlM'MER, v. i. To shoot feeble or scattered
rays ; to shine faintly. See GLEAM.
GLIM'MER-ING, n. A faint light ; slight view.
GLIMPSE, n. A slight view ; a faint light ; fleet-
ing enjoyment ; exhibition of a faint resemblance.
GLlS'TJBN (glls'sn),) v. i. To sparkle with light;
GLlS'TER, > to shine brightly; to be
SLlT'TER, ) splendid or showy. SYN.
To shine ; glare ; gleam, which see.
SLlT'TER, 11. Brightness ; brilliancy ; splendour.
GLOAM'ING, n. Twilight.
GLOAT, v. i. To gaze at with eagerness or admira-
tion.
LO'BATE, ") a. Round; spherical; having the
GLO'BA-TED, $ form of a globe.
GLOBE, n. A round body; the earth. SYN.
Sphere ; orb ; ball. Globe denotes a round (and
usually a solid) body ; sphere is the mathematical
term for such a body ; orb is used in the same
sense, and also (contracted from orbit) for the path-
way of a heavenly body ; ball, in this connection,
is applied to the heavenly bodies conceived of as
thrown or impelled through space.
GL0 7 BOul;} a - Round; globular; spherical.
GLO
189
GOD
DOVE, WQLF, B<?9K ; R*LE, BFLL ; Vf'CIOUS. US K ; 6 as J ; OS Z J CH OS SH ; IHIS.
GLOB'U-LAE (gl3b'yu-lar), a. Like a globe ; spher- j GLUME, n. In botany, the calyx or corolla of cer.
GLOB'ULE (gWyule), n.
A small globe or round
mass ; a little particle of a spherical form.
GLOB'U-LOUS, a. Bound ; globular ; having the
form of a small sphere.
GLOME, n. A roundish head of flowers.
GLOM'EE-ATE, v. t. To gather into a ball.
GLOM-EE-A'TION, n. The act of gathering or
winding into a ball ; a body formed into a ball.
GLOOM, n. Great obscurity ; depression of spirits.
Set DARKLESS.
GLOOM, v. i. To shine obscurely ; to be dark or
cloudy; to be melancholy or dejected; v. t. to
darken ; to obscure; to make dismal.
GLOOM I-LY, ad. Darkly ; obscurely ; dismally.
GLOOM'I-NESS, n. Want of light ; want of cheer-
fulness. SYN. Obscurity; darkness ; dismalness;
depression; heaviness; melancholy; sadness.
GLOOM'Y, a. Imperfectly illuminated or void of
light; wearing the aspect of sorrow; heavy of
heart. SYN. Obscure ; dark ; dim ; dusky ;
cloudy ; sullen ; morose ; downcast ; dispirited ;
disheartened.
GLO-EI-FI-A'TION, n. Act of making glorious.
GLO'EI-FY, v. t. To make glorious ; to praise ; to
extol.
GLO'EI-OUS, a. Of exalted excellence ; conferring
splendour or renown; very honourable. SYN.
Illustrious ; splendid ; renowned ; noble ; grand.
GLO'EI-OUS-LY, ad. Illustriously ; with renown.
GLO'EY, n. Literally, brightness or splendour, as
of the sun ; hence splendour, in the moral sense,
as perfection, honour, renown, &c.; object of
highest desire ; honourable pride ; a circle of rays
round a head in paintings. SYN. Fame ; celebrity ;
distinction ; lustre ; dignity ; grandeur ; noble-
ness ; majesty ; sublimity.
GLO'EY, v. i. To exult ; to boast ; to display pride.
GLO'EY-ING, n. Act of exulting ; boasting.
GLOSS, n. Brightness ; specious appearance ; in-
terpretation ; comment, or remark for illustra-
tion.
GLOSS (20), v. t. To make smooth and shining;
to illustrate ; to give a specious appearance to ;
v. i. to write or make explanatory remarks ; to
make sly remarks.
GLOS-SA'BI-AL, a. Containing explanations.
GliOSS'A-BY, n. A vocabulary for explaining ob-
scure words.
GLOSS'I-NESS, 7i. The lustre of a smooth surface.
GLOSS-OG'EA-PHEE, n. A writer of notes and
commentaries.
GLOSS-OL'O-GIST, n. One who defines terms.
GLOSS-OL'O-GY, n. Definition of terms.
GLOSS'Y, a. Smooth and shining ; bright ; reflect-
ing lustre from a smooth surface; highly po-
lished.
GLOTTIS, n. The narrow opening of the wind-
GLOVE (ghlv), n. A cover for the hand, with a
separate sheath for each finger ; to throw the glove
was, with our ancestors, to challenge to single
combat ; v. t. to cover the hand with a glove.
GLOV'EE (glttv'er), n. One who makes and sells
gloves.
GLOW (glo), v. i. To shine with intense heat ; to be
hot ; to be red ; to be passionate.
GLOW (glo), n. Intense heat; brightness of col-
our ; ardent passion.
GLOWING, a. Shining or burning intensely ; of a
bright red colour. SYN. Ardent; inflamed; fe-
vered; vehement; animated.
GLOW'WOEM, n. An insect which emits a lam-
bent greenish light.
GLOZE, v. t. To flatter ; to insinuate ; n. flattery.
GLU'COSE, n. The peculiar form of sugar in fruits.
GLUE, n. A tenaceous substance for cement, made
by boiling pieces of skin, pavings of horn, &c.
GLUE, v. t. To join or cement with glue ; to unite.
GLU'EY (glu'y), a. Viscous; glutinous.
GLUM, a. Sullen ; gloomy ; grave.
tain plants ; husk ; cL.
GLUT, v. t. To cloy ; to disgust ; to overload.
GLUT, . Plenty to satiety or loathing ; any thing
that obstructs ; a wooden wedge to split logs.
GLU'TEN, 71. A viscid elastic substance produced
from wheat en flour.
GLU'TI-NATE, v. t. To unite with glue.
GLU-TI-NA'TION, n. A cementing with glue.
GLU'TI-NA-TlVE, a. Tenacious ; cementing.
GLU'TI-NOUS, a. Viscous; viscid; tenacious;
having the quality of glue.
GLU'TI-NOUS-NESS, n. Quality of being viscous.
GLUT'TON (gliit'tn), n. A voracious eater ; one
eager for any thing to excess ; a carnivorous
quadruped.
GLUT'TON-OTJS (glut'tn-us), a. Given to excessive
eating.
GLUT'TON- Y, n.
table.
Excess in eating ; luxury of the
GLYC'EB-lNE, n. The sugar of the fixed oils and
A perpendicular channel in a co-
GNAEL (narl)
fats.
GLYPH, 7i.
lumn, &c.
GLY-PHOG'EA-PHY, 7i. An electrotype process,
by which a copy in metal is obtained from any en-
graved plate.
GLYPTICS, 71. pi. The art of engraving figures
on precious stones.
GNAE (nar), \v. i. To growl; to murmur; to
snarl.
' 1 a. Knotty ; full of knots.
GNASH,'. t. or t. To strike or grind the teeth ;
to rage.
GNASH'ING, n. A grinding of the teeth.
GNAT (nat), n. A small insect that stings.
GNAW (naw), v. t. To bite or tear with the teeth.
GNAWING (naw'ing), n. A biting or fretting.
GNEISS (nise, Germanice, gnlse), n. In geology, a
stratified rock composed of quartz, feldspar, and
mica.
GNEIS'SOID (mse'oid), o. Having some of the
characteristics of gneiss.
GNOME (nome), n. An imaginary being, supposed
to inhabit the inner parts of the earth.
GNOM'KJ (nom'ik), a. Dealing in axioms.
GNO'MON (no'mon), n. The style or pin of a dial,
GNO-MON'IS, n. pi. The art of dialing.
GNOSTKJ (nos'tik), n. One who held the doc-
trines of Gnosticism ; o. pertaining to the Gnos-
tics.
GNOS'TI-CISM (nos'te-sizm), n. A heresy in the
primitive Church, arising from the corruption
of Christianity by Platonism or Oriental Philo-
sophy.
GNU (nu), n. A kind of antelope with hooked
horns, and the mane and tail of a horse.
GO, v. i. [pret. WENT; pp. GONE.] To move; to
walk ; to depart.
GOAD, n. A pointed instrument to drive oxen.
GOAD, v. t. To prick with a goad ; to urge f .^r-
ward. SYN. To stimulate; incite; instigate; im-
pel.
GOAL (gole), 7i. A starting-post ; the mark to
which racers run ; the end ; final purpose.
GOAT, n. A well-known animal of the genus Capra.
GOATHEED, 7i. A keeper of goats.
GOATISH, a. Eank ; lustful ; like goats.
GO'-BE-TWEEN, n. One who transacts business
between two parties.
GOB'BLE, v. t. or i. To swallow with haste and
noise ; to make the noise of a turkey.
GOB'BLEE, n. A greedy eater ; a turkey-cock.
GOB'LET, 71. A drinking vessel without a handle.
GOB'LIN, 7i. An evil spirit ; a phantom.
GO'-BY, n. Evasion ; escape by artifice.
GOMDABT, n. A machine to help children to walk.
GOD, n. The Supreme Being ; Jehovah ; a magis-
trate ; an idol
GOD'CHlLD, 7i. One for whom a person is sponsor.
GOD'DESS, 7i. An imaginary female deity.
GOD
190
GOV
A, , &c., long. I, E, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, uiRD; MOVE,
GOD'FA-THEE, n. One who is sponsor for a child
in baptism.
GOD'H E AD (-hSd) , n. The Divine Nature ; Deity.
GOD'LESS, a. Impious; ungodly; irreligious;
atheistical.
GOD'LIKE,
Divine; resembling God; of supe-
rior excellence.
GOD'LI-NESS, n. Eeal piety ; true religion; a re-
ligious life ; the system of Christianity.
GOD'LY, a. Eeyerencing God and his laws $ living
obediently to Ms commands ; conformed to God's
laws. SYN. Devout; holy; pious; religious;
righteous ; ad. piously ; religiously.
GOD'MOTH-EE (-niiith-er), n. A female sponsor
for a child in baptism.
GOD'SEND, n. An unexpected piece of good luck.
GOD'SHIP, TI. Godhead : Deity.
GOD'WAED, ad. Toward God.
GOG'GLE, v. i. To roll or move the eye-balls.
GOG'GLE-EYJED (-ide), a. Having large, rolling
eyes.
GOG'GLES (goglz), n. pi. Instruments to cure
squinting ; glasses to defend the eyes from dust,
wind, &c. ; blinds for horses, &c.
GOING, n. A walking; departure; way of life.
GOI'TEE, ) n. The bronchocele ; a swelling in the
GOI 'TEEJ fore part of the neck.
GOLD, n. The most precious metal ; money ; riches.
GOLD'-BEAT-EE, n. One whose business it is to
beat or foliate gold for gilding.
GOLD'-DCTST, n. Gold in particles.
GOLD'EN (gol'dn), a. Made of gold ; yellow like
gold ; pure ; happy ; excellent.
GOLD'FiNCH, n. A small, beautiful bird, famed
for its singing.
GOLD'FISH, n. A fresh water fish from China, so
called from its golden colour.
GOLD'-LE AF, n. A thin leaf of gold for gilding.
GOLD'SMITH, n. One who works iu gold.
GOLF, n. A game played with a ball and clubs.
GO-LOE'-SHOE, "> n. An overshoe worn to avoid
GO-LOSH', j mud.
G^N'DO-LA, n. A flat boat used at Venice.
GON-DO-LIEE', n. A man who rows a gondola.
GONG, 7i. A circular instrument of copper and tin,
struck with a wooden mallet, producing a loud
sound.
GO-NI-OM'E-TEE, n. An instrument to measure
angles, particularly those of crystals.
GO-NI-OM'E-TEY, n.
angle
The art of measuring solid
GON-OE-EHE'A, n. A contagious inflammation of
the urethra.
GOQD, a. Valid; sound; palatable ; pleasant;
suitable ; proper ; complete ; convenient ; useful ;
virtuous ; kind ; benevolent, &c.
GQQD, ri. That which affords happiness ; spiritual
advantage; virtue.
GOQD, ad. As good, as well ; interj. well ; right.
GQQD'-BEEED'ING, n. Polite manners or educa-
tion.
GQOD'-BY, n. Farewell.
GOOD-FEI'DAY, n. A fast of the Christian Church,
kept on Friday of Passion-iceefe.
GOOD'LI-NESS, n. Beauty ; grace ; elegance.
GOOD'LY, a. Beautiful; graceful; comely.
GQQD-NAT'CrEED (-nat'yiird), a. Naturally mild in
feelings and spirit. SYN. Good-tempered; kind.
Good-natured denotes a disposition to please and
be pleased ; good-iempered, a spirit which is not
easily ruffled by provocation or other disturbing
influences ; kind, a disposition to make others
happy by supplying their wants and granting their
requests.
GQQD'NESS, n . The qualities which constitute
excellence ; Christian excellence ; the exercise of
acts of kindness. SYN. Virtue ; piety ; religion ;
benevolence ; benignity ; charity ; compassion ;
mercy; humanity.
GQQDS, n . pi. Movables ; furniture ; merchandise.
GQQD-WlLL', n. Benevolence; facilities of trade ;
custom.
GOOSE, n. ; pi. GEESE. A well-known aquatic fowl;
a tailor's utensil ; a simpleton.
GOOS'AN-DEE, 71. A large watJer-fowl of the duck
kind; merganser.
GOOSE'BEE-EY, TI. A prickly shrub and its fruit.
GOOSE'-QUlLL, TI. The large quill of a goose.
GO'PHEE, 7i. A burrowing quadruped of the size
of a squirrel ; a kind of wood used in building the
ark.
GOE'DI-AN, a. Very intricate; gordian knot, an
inextricable difficulty ; to cut the gordian Imot is
to remove a difficulty by bold or unusual mea-
sures.
GOEE, n. Clotted blood; a triangular piece of
cloth or land; v. t. to stab or wound with the
horns ; to cut a gore or piece with a gore.
GOEGE, n. The throat; narrowest part of a capi-
tal ; narrow pass between mountains.
GOEGE, v. t. To swaUow with greediness ; to fill
the throat or stomach; to satiate.
GOE'GEOUS (gor'jus), a. Very fine or showy;
GOE'GEOUS-LY (gor'jus-), ad. Finely ; splendidly ;
GOE'GEOUS-NESS (gor'jus-), n. Show of dress or
ornaments.
GOE'GET (gor'jet), n. Armour to defend the throat ;
a surgical instrument in lithotomy.
GOE'GON, n. One of three fabled monsters, who
wetrified aU that saw them. [gorilla.
GO-EIL'LA, n. A powerful .African ape; troglodyte*
GOETMCAND, ") n. A glutton ; a greedy or rav-
GOE'M A ND-EH, 5 enous eater.
GOE'MAND-IZE, v. i. To eat ravenously.
GOE'MAND-lZ-EE, 71. A greedy, voracious eater.
GOESE, n. Furze or whin ; a prickly shrub with
beautiful yellow flowers.
GOE% a. Stained with or like gore ; bloody ; mur-
derous.
GOSHAWK, n. A voracious bird of the hawk
family.
GOS'LING, TI. A young goose; a catkin.
GOSTEL, n, God's revelation to man of his grace
by a Saviour; one of four oanonical histories of
Jesus Christ, containing his doctrines and pre-
cepts; divinity; v. t. to instruct in the Gospel.
GOS'PEL, a. Accordant with the Gospel.
GOS'PEL-EE, n. An evangelist ; he who reads the
Gospel in a cathedral ; a follower of Wickliff.
GOS'SA-MEK
Filmy substance like cobwebs,
floating in the air.
GOS'SIP, 71. One that goes about and tattles ; a
sponsor; mere idle talk; tattle; v. i. to run
about and tattle ; to talk much.
GOS'SIP-ING, a. Prating ; tattling ; chatting.
GOTH, TI. A barbarian ; one that anciently inha-
bited Sweden and Norway.
GOTH'I, a. Pertaining to the Goths ; rude; also,
noting a style of architecture with sharp-pointed
arches and clustered columns.
GOTH'I-CISM, n. Eudeness of marners; barbar-
ousness; Gothic idiom; conformity to Gothic
style. ' -
GOTH'I-CIZE, v. t. To bring back to barbarism.
GOUGE (gowj or gooj), n. A curved or hollow chisel.
GOUGE, v. t. To cut or scoop out with a gouge.
GOUL'AED'S-MlX'TORE, TI. A solution of diace-
tate of lead.
GOUED (gorde), TI. A plant and its fruit, the shell
of which is used to dip or hold water, &c.
GOUE'MAND (goor'miind), n. A ravenous eater;
an epicure.
GOUT, n. A painful disease of the joints.
GOUT (goo), TI. [Fr.] Taste ; relish.
GOUT'I-NESS, n. Gouty affections.
GOUT'Y, a. Diseased with the gout, or subject
to it.
GOV'EEN (giiv'ern), v. t. To direct; to rule ; to
control ; in grammar, to require to be in a par-
ticular case.
GO VEEN, v. i. To exercise authority ; to main-
tain superiority ; to have the control.
GOV
191
GRA.
. LF, BOOK ; RULE, BULL ; VICIOUS. as K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
G6VERN-A-BLE (guv'ern-a-bl), a. Subject to
rule ; that may be governed. SYN. Submissive
obedient; manageable; controllable.
G6VERN-ANCE,"ft. Management; control.
G6VERN-ANTE, } , H , , fn. A lady who has
GOV'ERN-ESS, 5 (gfiv "* 1 the care of young
females ; an instructress.
GOV'ERN-ING, a. Holding the superiority; di-
recting ; controlling.
GOVERNMENT (guv'-), n. Control; system of
polity for ruling a nation ; an empire or king-
dom; the persons who administer the laws; exer-
cise of authority : management; in grammar, the
influence of a word in regard to construction.
GOV-ERtf-MENT'AL (guv'-), a. Pertaining to or
made by government.
G6VERN-OR (guv'ern-ur), n. A chief magistrate ;
one who rules ; a tutor ; one who steers a ship ;
a contrivance for regulating machinery-
GOV'ERN-OR-SHIP, n. The office of a governor.
GO WAN, n. The wild daisy.
GOWN, n. A woman's upper garment ; a loose
ha,bit or robe worn by students or professional
men ; a robe for sickness, &c.
GOWN'MAN, ) n. One devoted to the arts of
GOWNS'MAN, f peace ; a man of letters.
GRAB, v. t. To seize ; to hold fast (vulgar).
GRACE, ?i. Favour; privilege; unmerited favour
of God ; influence of the Holy Spirit ; religious
affections ; beauty ; ease of manners ; a short
prayer before or after meals ; the title of a duke
or archbishop. SYN. Mercy. Grace is free, spon-
taneous favour to the undeserving; mercy is
kindness or compassion to the suffering or con-
demned. It was the grace of God that opened a
way for the exercise of mercy toward men.
GRACE, v. t. To adorn ; to dignify ; to honour.
GRACE'FUL, a. Beautiful with dignity; agree-
able, with expression of elevated mind or manner.
SYN. Elegant ; easy ; dignified ; comely. See
ELEGANT.
GRACE'FUL-LY, ad. With dignity of manners
and natural ease.
GRACE'FUL-NESS, n. Beauty with dignity and
elegance of manners or deportment. SYN. Come
liness; elegance; ease; propriety.
GRACE'LESS, a. Destitute of grace ; corrupt ; de-
praved.
GRA'CES, n. pi. Three beautiful sisters who at-
tended Venus; a play with hoops and rods; ele-
gant- manners ; in music, ornamental notes thrown
in.
GRA'CIOTJS (gra'shusj, a. Expressive of grace,
kindness, or favour ; disposed to forgive ; proceed-
ing from divine favour ; renewed or sanctified by
grace. SYN. Favourable ; kind ; civil ; conde-
scending; benevolent; friendly; beneficent; be-
nignant ; merciful.
GRA'CIOUS-LY, ad. Kindly ; with free good-will.
GRA'CIOUS-NESS, n. Kind condescension ; pos-
small regular intervals ; to form or mark nice
shades ; to advance by degrees ; to temper ; t<:
bring fluids to a certain consistency ; v. i. to re-
ceive a degree ; to pass by degrees ; to change
session of graces or good qualities ; pleasing man-
ner; mercifulness.
GRA-DA'TION, n. Regular progress ; order ; series ;
in pointing, a gradual blending of tints.
GRA-DA'TION-AL, ") a. In regular order or by suc-
GEAr/A-TO-EY, ] cessive steps.
GRADE, n. Degree ; rank ; a step or degree in any
ascending series ; degree of ascent or descent in
a road, &c.
GRADE, v. t. To reduce to a certain degree of
descent or ascent.
GRA'DI-ENT, a, Moving by steps ; rising or de-
scending 1 by regular degrees, as of a railroad.
GRA'DI-ENT, n. The degree of ascent or descent
in any part of a railway.
GEAD'0-AL (grad'yu-al), a. Step by step; advan-
cing by degrees ; n. an order of steps ; an ancient
book of hymns, so called because they were
chanted on the steps.
GRAD'C-AL-LY, ad. By steps or degrees.
GRAD'U-ATE (grad'yu-ate), v. t. To honour with
an academical degree j to divide any space into
AD'tT-ATE, n. One who has received a degree.
GEAD-tJ-A'TION, n. The act of conferring or re-
ceiving degrees j progression by degrees ; act oi
marking degrees.
GEA'DUS, n. A dictionary of prosody.
GRAFT (6), n. A scion inserted in a stock.
GRAFT, v. t. To insert as a scion into another tree ;
to propagate by inserting, &c. ; to insert into a
body to which it did not originally belong.
GRAFT'ING, n. The process of inserting a scion
into the bark of a tree called a stock.
GRAIN, n. Corn ; a small seed or weight ; a small
mass or particle ; veins or fibres of wood, &c. ;
component part of stones, &c. ; rough, fibrous
texture on the outside of the skin of animals ;
any thing proverbially small; temper; dyed or
stained substance. To dye in, grain is to dye in the
raw material.
GRAIN, v. t. To form into grains ; to granulate ;
to paint in imitation of the grains of wood.
GRAINED, a. Painted in imitation of the grain of
wood ; roughened ; dyed in the grain ; ingrained.
GRAINS, n. pi. Remains of malt after brewing ;
draff'.
GRAL'LKJ, a. Stilted ; having long legs like a
crane, &c.
BAM, \ n. [Fr.] The unity of weight in the
GRAMME, j French system, about 15 and four-
ninths grains Troy.
SRA-MIN'E-AL, \a. Grassy; like or pertaining
GRA-MlN'E-OUS, $ to grass.
GRAM-I-NIV'O-ROTJS, a. Feeding on grass.
GRAM'MAR, ft. The art of writing and speaking
a language correctly ; a system of rules for speak-
ing and writing a language.
GRAM-MA'RI-AN, n. One skilled in grammar.
GRAMMAR-SCHOOL (-skool), n. A school in
which the learned languages are taught.
GRAM-MA T'I-AL, a. According to the rules of
grammar.
GRAM-MAT'I-GAL-LY, ad. According to gram-
BtffiTc
GRAM'PUS, ft. A large voracious fish of the ceta-
ceous order, very fierce.
GRAN'A-RY, ft. A store-house for grain.
GRAND, a. Great; high in power; dignified;
producing the impression of grandeur. SYN.
Magnificent; sublime. Grand, in reference to
objects of taste, is applied to that which expands
the mind by a sense of vastness and majesty;
magnificent is applied to any thing which is impos-
ing from its splendour; sublime describes that
which is awful and elevating. A cataract is
grand ; a rich and varied landscape is magnificent ;
an overhanging precipice is sublime.
GRAN'DAM,ft. Grandmother; an old woman.
GRAND'CHILD, ft. The child of a son or daughter.
GRAND'DAUGH-TER (-daw'ter), n. The daughter
of a son or daughter.
GRAN-DEE', n. A man of rank ; a Spanish noble-
man.
GRAND'EUR (grand'yur), ft. Elevation of thought
or expression, or of mien or deportment; splendour
of appearance ; combination of qualities elevating
and expanding the mind. SYN. Majesty; sublim-
ity; stateliness; greatness ; augustness ; loftiness;
magnificence.
GRAND'FA-THER, n. A father's or mother's fa-
ther.
GRAN-DlL'O-QUENCE, x. Lofty speaking.
GRAN-DIL'O-QUENT, ") a. Pompous ; bombastic ;
GE AN-DIL'O-QUOUS, ) speaking in a lofty style.
GEAND-JG'ROR, ft. One of a grand jury.
GRAND-JO'RY, . A jury to decide on indict-
ments.
GRAND'MOTH-EE (-muth-er), n. A father's or
mother's mother.
UK A
192
UKA
A, 8, &c., long. I, , &c., short CABE, FAB, LAST,
GRAND'SEIGN'IOR (-sen'yur), n. The sovereign
or Sultan of Turkey.
GRAND'SIRE, n. A grandfather ; an ancestor.
GRAND'SON (-sun), n. The son of a son or daugh-
ter.
GRAND-VlZ'IER (-vizh'yer), n. The chief minister
of the Turkish empire ; vizier.
GRANGE, n. A farm with the buildings and stables.
GRA-NlF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing seeds like grains.
GRAN'lTE (gran'it), n. An aggregate stone, com-
posed of quartz, feldspar, and mica.
GRA-NtT'I, a. Consisting of or like granite.
GRA-NlT'I-FORM, ) o. Resembling granite in
GRAN'IT-OID, j structure or shape.
GRA-NIVO-ROUS, a. Subsisting on grain or corn.
GRANT (6), v. t. To admit as true what is not
proved ; to bestow or confer in answer to request ;
to transfer a title for a consideration. SYN. To
allow ; give ; concede ; yield ; convey ; cede.
GRANT, n. A thing granted ; act of granting ; ad-
mission of something as true ; thing conveyed by
deed, &c. SYN. Present ; gift ; boon ; concession ;
conveyance ; bestowment.
GRANT-EE', . One to whom a grant is made.
GRANT'OR, n. One who makes a grant.
GRAN'tf-LAR, \a. Consisting of grains or re-
GRAN'tT-LA-RY, ) sembling grains.
GRAN'U-LATE (gran'yu-late), v. t. To form into
grains or small masses ; to raise into small rough-
nesses; to make rough on the surface; v. i. to
collect or be formed into grains.
GRAN'0-LATE, a. Consisting of or resembling
grains ; having numerous small elevations like
shagreen.
GRAN-tT-LA'TION, n. Act or process of forming
into grains ; name of little grain-like formations
in sores healing, &c.
GRAN'ULE (gran'yule), n. A little grain or par-
ticle.
GRAN'C-LOUS, a. Full of grains.
GRAPE, n. The fruit of the vine, as a single berry
or cluster; abbreviation for grape-shot.
GRAP'ER-Y, ?i. A building or enclosure for rear-
ing grapes.
GRAPE'-SHOT, n. A cluster of small shot con-
fined in a ca.nvas bag and discharged from cannon.
GRAPH'I (grafik),) a. Pertaining to writing ;
GRAPHT6-AL, I well delineated; describ-
ing with accuracy.
GRAPH'I-AL-LY, a&. With good delineation;
picturesquely.
GRAPH'ICE, n. Carburet of iron used for pencils,
called black lead, and plumbago.
GRAP'NEL, ) n. A small anchor, with four or five
GRAP'LINEJ flukes or claws.
GRAP'PLE, v. t. To seize ; to grasp ; to lay hold
of with hands or hooks, &c. ; v. i. to contend in
close fight, as wrestlers.
GRAP'PLE, n. A seizing ; a hook ; a close hug in
contest ; the wrestler's hold.
GRAP'PLING-I-RONS (-i-urnz), n. pi. Irons used
as instruments of grappling and holding fast.
GRASP (6), -o. t. To seize and hold ; to catch ; v. i.
to catch ; to gripe ; to encroach.
GRAS.P, n. Gripe of the hands or arms; an em-
brace ; the power of seizing.
GRASS (6), n. In common usage, herbage, &c. ; the
name of many species of plants which are food for
cattle.
GRASS, v. t. To cover with grass or turf; v. i. to
breed grass ; to be covered with grass.
GRASS'HOP-PER, n. An insect that hops among
grass. [grass.
GRASS'I-NESS, n. The state of abounding with
GRASS'PLOT, 7i. A plot of grassy ground.
GRASS'Y, a. Covered or filled with grass.
GRATE, n. A frame of bars or cross-bars ; a frame
of iron bars for holding coals.
GRATE, v. t. To rub, as a rough surface ; to
wear away ; to fret ; to vex ; to make a harsh sound
by the friction of rough bodies; v. t. to rub hard ;
to offend.
FALL WHAT ; THABB, TiBM ; MABINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
GRATE'FUL, a. Having a sense of favours ; kindlj
disposed; awakening pleasurable emotions;
affording pleasure to the senses. SYN. Thank-
ful; pleasing; gratifying; acceptable; agreeable;
welcome; delightful; delicious.
GRATE'FUL-LY, ad. With gratitude ; pleasingly.
GRATE'FUL-NESS, n. Gratitude ; the quality of
being agreeable to the mind or taste.
GRAT'ER, n. An instrument for rasping.
GRAT-I-FI-eA'TION, n. The act of pleasing ; that
which affords pleasure ; pleasure enjoyed; satis-
faction.
GRAT'I-FY, v. t. To please by satisfying some wish ;
to give pleasure to ; to satisfy or soothe. SYN. To
indulge ; to humour. Gratify has reference simply
to the pleasure communicated ; to indulge a person
implies that we concede something to his wishes
or his weaknesses which he could not claim, and
which had better, perhaps have been spared ; to
humour is to adapt ourselves to the varying moods,
and perhaps, caprices of others. We gratify a child
by showing him the sights of a large city ; we in-
dulge him in some extra expense on such an oc-
casion ; we humour him if he is taken ill when from
home.
aRAT'ING, a. Rubbing hard ; fretting, &c.
GRAT'ING, n. A harsh sound of rubbing ; a par-
tition of bars or lattice-work ; an open cover of
the hatches of a ship; usually, in the plural
gratings.
GRAT'ING-LY, ad. Harshly ; offensively.
3RA/TIS, ad. [L.] Freely ; without compensation.
jRAT'I-TCDE, n. Emotion of the heart excited by
a sense of favour received; love to a benefactor in
view of benefit conferred.
GRA-TU'I-TOUS, a. Granted without claim or
merit; free; voluntary; asserted without proof.
GRA-TO'I-TOUS-LY, ad. Voluntarily; without
reward; freely; without proof.
GRA-TO'I-TY, n. A gift ; something freely given
without compensation or equivalent.
GRAT'0-LATE (grat'yu-late), v. t. To express joy
at another's prosperity ; to congratulate ; to sa-
lute with expressions of joy.
GRAT-C-LATION, n. A rejoicing with another on
account of his prosperity, &c. ; congratulation.
GRAT'0-LA-TO-RY, a. Expressing joy; congra-
tulatory.
GRAVE, n. A pit for the dead ; any place where
the dead are deposited ; a place of great morta-
lity ; death; destruction.
GRAVE, a. Literally, pressing, heavy; hence,
being of weight, as a grave concern ; having an
air or manner appropriate to weighty thought, as
a grave countenance, a grave remark ; not showy,
as a grave attire. SYN. Sober; serious; solemn.
Sober supposes the absence of all exhilaration of
spirits, and is opposed to flighty ; serious implies
considerateness or reflection, and is opposed to
jocose or sportive ; grave denotes a state of mind,
appearance, &c., which results from the pressure
of weighty interests, and is opposed to hilarity of
feeling or vivacity of manner ; solemn is applied to
a case in which gravity is carried to its highest
point, as a solemn admonition, a solemn promise.
GRAVE, v. t. [pret. GKAVED; pp. GRAVED, GRAVEN.]
To carve ; to engrave ; to clean, as a ship ; v.i.
to carve, write, or delineate on hard substances ;
to practise engraving.
GRAVE'-GLOTHES f-klo%hz or-kloze), n. pi. The
clothes or dress in which the dead are interred.
GRAVEL, 7i. Pebbles ; small stones produced by
concretions in the kidneys and bladder.
GRAVEL, v. t. To cover with gravel ; to puzzle ;
to hurt the foot of a horse by gravel lodged under
the shoe.
GRAVELED (grav'eld), a. Covered with gravel;
embarrassed; injured by gravel.
GRAVEL-LY, a. Abounding with gravel.
GRAVE'LY, ad. Seriously ; solemnly ; deeply.
GRAVE'NESS, n. Seriousness; sobriety; solem-
nity.
GRA 1
D6VE, W<?LF, BOOK J BULE, BULL ; VfCIOUS
GEAVER, n. One who carves or engraves ; a
sculptor: a tool to engrave with.
GRAVE'-STONE, n. A stone set by a grave as a
memorial..
GRAVE'-YARD, n. A yard for burying the dead.
GRA-VlM'E-TER, n. An instrument for ascertain-
ing the specific gravity of bodies.
GRAVING, 71. Carved work; engraving.
GRAVI-TATE, v. i. To tend toward the centre.
GRAV-I-TA'TION, n. Tending to the centre ; in
physics, the tendency of all matter toward other
matter ; the force by which bodies are pressed or
drawn to the centre, &c.
GlcAVI-TY, n. Weight ; heaviness ; seriousness ;
force which draws toward the centre ; terrestrial
gravitation.
GRA'VY, n. The juices obtained from meat in
cooking.
GRAY, a. Hoary ; white with black ; old ; mature.
GRAY, n. A gray colour; an animal of a gray
colour, as a horse or a badger.
GRAY'BEARD, n. An old man.
GRAY'HOUND, n. See GREYHOUND.
GRAY'ISH, a. Somewhat gray.
GRAY'NESS, TI. The quality of being gray.
GRAZE, r. t. To rub slightly ; to supply with
grass as food ; v. i. to feed on grass.
GRAZ'ER, n. One that grazes or feeds on herbage.
GRA'ZIER (gra'zhur), n. One who feeds cattle or
supplies with grass.
GRAZING, a. Feeding on grass ; supplying pas-
ture; n. pasture; feeding on grass.
GREASE (greece), n. Animal fat in a soft state ;
oily or unctuous matter ; an inflammation in the
heels of a horse.
GREASE (greez), v. t. To smear or anoint with
grease.
GREA'SI-NESS, n. State of being greasy ; fatness.
GREA'SY (gree'zy), a. Like grease or oil; smeared
with grease; smooth; fat; oily; gross.
GREAT (grate), a. Large in bulk, number, de-
gree, &c. ; chief; extended; bulky ; distinguished;
rich; magnanimous; pregnant.
GREAT, TI. The whole; the gross; the mass;
people of distinction.
GREAT'LY, ad. In agreat degree ; magnanimously ;
bravely.
GREAT'NESS, . Largeness of bulk, number, &c. ;
high degree ; dignity ; magnanimity ; strength or
extent of intellectual faculties ; force ; intensit}'.
GREAVES (greevz), n. pi. Ancient armour for the
legs ; the sediment of melted tallow.
GRE'CIAN (gre'shan), ") a. Pertaining to Greece ;
GREEK, ) 7t. a native of Greece.
GRE'CISM, 71. An idiom of the Greek language.
GREED'I-LY, ad. Ravenously ; voraciously.
GREED'I-NESS, n. Keenness of appetite for food
or drink; ardent desire. STN. Voracity; raven-
ousness ; eagerness ; avidity.
GREED'Y, o. Possessing a keen appetite for food or
drink ; having a keen desire ; anxious to obtain.
SYN. Ravenous ; hungry ; covetous.
GREEK, n. A native, or the language of Greece.
GREEK'-FIRE, 71. A composition which burns
under water.
GREEN, a. Of the colour of growing plants ; new ;
fresh; raw; not dry; unripe; sickly; wan; 71.
the colour of growing plants ; a mixture of blue
and yellow ; grassy T>lat.
GREEN'-LOTH, TI. * A board which regulates the
household concerns of the sovereign.
GREEN'-GRO'CER, n. One who retails green or
fresh vegetables or fruits.
GREEN'-HAND, n. An inexperienced person.
GREEN'-HORN, n. A raw youth.
GREEN'-HOUSE, n. A house to preserve plants
in cold weather.
GREEN'ISH, a. Somewhat green.
QREEN'ISH-NESS, n. A state or quality of partial
greenness.
QREEN'-ROOM, n. The retiring-room of playactors
iu a theatre.
3 GUI
-eas K; d as j; s as z; CH as SH; THIS.
GREEN.*, n. pi. Young plants used in cookery.
GREEN'SAND, n. The lower members of the chali
system.
GREEN'-SlCK'NESS, n. A disease of females.
GREEN'SWARD, n. Turf with green grass.
GREEN'-VIT'RI-OL, n. A. popular name of sul-
phate of iron.
GREET, v.t. To salute; to address; to congratu-
late ; v. i. to meet and salute ; to cry out.
GREETING, n. A salutation; congratulation;
compliment at meeting.
GRE-GA'RI-AN, a. Belonging to the herd.
GRE-GA'RI-OUS, a. Herding; keeping in flocks.
GRE-GA'RI-OUS-LY, ad. In a flock or herd.
GRE-GO'RI-AN, a. Belonging to Gregory, as the
<n chants, calendar, &c. [war.
GRE-NADE', n. A hollow ball or shell used in
GREN-A-DIER', 71. A foot soldier who formerly
carried grenades, now distinguished by superior
height and uniform, wearing a tall cap.
GREY. See GRAY. '
GREY'HOUND (gra'.;, n. A tall, slender dog, re-
rnarkable for keenness of sight, beauty of form,
and great swiftness in the chase.
GRID' OLE, TI. A broad shallow pan to bake cakes in.
GRID I-RON (-I-urn), TI. A grate to broil meat on.
GKBIEF (greef), n. A painful sense of loss ; mourn-
ing. SYN. Sorrow; sadness. Sorrow is generic;
grief is sorrow for some definite cause one which
commenced, at least, in the past ; sadness is ap-
plied to a permanent mood of the mind. Sorrow
is transient in many cases ; but the (jrief of a
mother for the loss of a favourite child too often
turns into habitual sad?iess. " Pity is a grief at
the undeserved misery of another ; vexation is a
pressing grief; mourning is the grief for the death
of one who was dear to you ; sadness is grief at-
tended with tears ; tribulation is painful grief;
sorrow, an excruciating grief; lamentation, a grief
in which we loudly bewail ourselves ; solicitude, a
pensive grief ; trouble, a continued grief ; affliction,
a grief that harasses the body ; despair, a griei
that excludes hope of better things." Cicero.
GRIEVANCE (gre'vance), n. That which causes
grief or uneasiness; that which burdens or in-
jures. SYN. Oppression; affliction; wrong; of-
fence: hardship; trouble.
GRIEVE (greev), v. i. To feel pain of mind or of
heart on account of an evil; v. t. to give pain of
mind; to make sorrowful. SYN. To mourn;
sorrow; lament; afflict; wound; displease; of-
fend.
GRIEVOUS (gre'vus), a. Giving pain; afflictive;
distressing; offensive; irritating; destructive.
GRIEVOUS-LY, ad. Painfully ; with grief.
GRIEVOUS-NESS, n. Grief; sorrow.
GRI F'FIN, > ?i. A fabled animal, part lion and part
GRIF'FON,,
GRIG, n. A small eel ; any merry creature.
GRILL, v. t. To broil ; to torment.
GRIM, a. Impressing terror; adapted to create
alarm; ill-looking. SYN. Fierce; ferocious; fu-
rious ; horrible ; frightful ; ghastly ; hideous ;
stern ; sullen ; surly.
GRl-MACE', 7i. Affectation; a wry mouth; dis-
tortion of the countenance from habit or inso-
lence.
GRI-MAL'KIN, n. The name of an old cat.
GRIME, TI. Foul matter; deep blackness; dirt;
v. t. to foul; to soil or sully deeply.
GRIM'LY, ad. Ferociously ; sullenly.
GRIM'NESS, n. A fierce look ; surliness.
GRIM'Y, a Full of foul black matter ; dirty.
GRIN, v. i. To show the teeth in laughter or scorn.
GRIN, TI. Act of closing the teeth and showing
them, or of withdrawing the lips and showing the
teeth.
GRIND, v. t. [pret. GROUND.] To rub; to sharpen;
to reduce to powder ; to oppress ; to crush ; v. i.
to perform the act of grinding ; to be moved or
rubbed together ; to be polished or sharpened by
grinding. 13
GRI
194
GRTJ
1, S, &c. t long. I, , &c., short. CABE, PAR, LAST,
GRIND'ER, n. One who grinds ; instrument of
grinding ; a molar tooth ; pi. the teeth in general.
GRlND'STONE, 71. A flat, circular stone, used for
sharpening tools. [Colloquially, grm'stone.
Smart.]
GRIN'NING, ppr. or a. Closing the teeth and
showing them, as in laughter.
GE1P, 7i. A seizing ; a grasping.
GRIPE, v. t. To seize ; to hold fast ; to squeeze ;
to give pain to the bowels ; to pinch ; to distress ;
v. i. to seize or catch by pinching ; to get money
by hard bargains or exactions ; to feel the colic.
GRIPE, 7i. A grasp; a squeeze; oppression.
GRIPES, 7i. pi. Distress, with lax state of the
bowels ; ropes, &c., to secure boats on deck,
GRIPING, 7i. A seizing ; grasp ; distressing pain.
GRIPPE, n. [*>.] Literally, a seizure; an epi-
demic catarrh or influenza.
GRI-SETTE' (gre-zef), n. [Fr.J A gay young work-
woman in France.
GRlS'LY, c. Horrible ; frightful ; terrible.
GRI'SONS, n. pi. Inhabitants of the Eastern Swiss
Alps.
GRlST, n. Corn ground, or corn for grinding at
one time ; supply ; profit ; gain.
GRtS'TLE (gris'sl), n. Cartilage; an elastic animal
substance.
GRIST'LY (grisly), o. Consisting of gristle ; like
gristle ; tough.
GRIST'-MILL, n. A mill for grinding grain.
GRIT, 7i. Any hard sandstone with sharp grains of
quartz ; the coarse part of meal ; used also for
firmness and strength of character.
GRIT'TI-NESS, n. The quality of being gritty ;
sandiness.
GRlT'TY, a. Full of sand or small, hard particles.
GRtZ'ZLE, n. A gray colour.
GRtZ'ZLED (griz'zld), a. Gray ; of a mixed colour.
GRlZ'ZLY, a. Gray ; somewhat gray.
GRIZ'ZLY-BEAR, n. A ferocious bear of western
North America.
GROAN, 7i. A deep mournful sound uttered in
pain or anguish ; v. i. to utter groans.
GROAN'ING, n. Act of uttering groans ; lamenta-
tion ; the cry of the buck ; a low creaking sound,
as of a tree.
GROAT (grawt), n. Fourpence sterling ; a prover-
bial name for a small sum.
GROATS (grawts), n. pi. Oats that have the hull
taken off.
GRO'CER, n. A dealer in sugar, tea, spices, &c.
GRO'CER-Y, n. The goods sold by grocers ; a gro-
cer's store.
GROG, n. Spirit and water mixed but not sweet-
ened.
GROG'GER-Y, n. A place where grog and other
liquors are dmnk.
GROG'GY, a. Noting a horse that trots in a hob-
bling manner ; tipsy ; drunken.
GROG'RAM, 7i. A thick stuif of silk and hair.
GROIN, n. The depressed part of the human body
between the belly and the thigh ; an angular
curve made by the intersection of two arches.
GROINED, a. Having an angular curve made by
the intersection of two arches.
GROOM, 7i. One who tends horses ; a servant ; an
officer of the royal household ; a newly married
man.
GROOM'ING, n. The care and feeding of horses.
GROOVE, 7i. A furrow ; a channel or long hollow
cut by a tool ; a shaft or pit sunk in the earth ;
v. t. to cut a furrow or channel.
GROPE, v. i. To feel along ; to search or attempt
to find by feeling in the dark ; to seek blindly and
without knowledge.
GROP'ING-LY, ad. By feeling along, as if blindly.
GROSS, a. Thick; bulky; corpulent; stupid;
coarse ; indelicate ; enormous ; whole ; entire-
GROSS, 7i. The whole bulk ; twelve dozen.
GROSS'LY, ad. Coarsely ; palpably ; shamefully.
GROSS'NESS, n. Thickness ; fatness ; coarseness ;
indelicate plainness.
FALL, "WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MA.RINB, BtKD J MOVE,
GROSS'- WEIGHT, n. Weight of goods, includ-
ing barrel, bag, &c., opposed to net weight.
GROT'TO, pi. GR6T'T6 E9 , } n - A cavern ' a cav3 '
GRO-TESQUE' (gro-tesk'), a. Wildly formed;
whimsical ; ludicrous ; odd.
GRO-TESQUE'LY, ad. Fantastically.
GRO-TESQUE'NESS, n. State of being grotesque.
GROUND, n. The upper part of land ; soil ; foun-
dation ; first principles ; in sculpture, the sur-
face from which the figures in relief rise ; in ar-
cliiterture, the face of the scenery or country
round.
GROUND, v. t. To lay on the ground ; to found ;
to settle in first principles ; to fix firmly ; v. i. to
run aground; to strike the bottom.
GROUND'-AGE, n. A tax on a ship for her place
while in port.
GRO UND'-FLOOR, n. The lower story of a build-
ing.
GROUNDLESS, o. Void of foundation ; false.
GROUND'LE33-LY, ad. Without just cause.
GROUND'LESS-NESS, n. Want of just cause.
GROUND'LING, n. One of the vtdgar ; a fish that
keeps to the bottom.
GROUND' -PL AN, n. The plan of the lower story
of a house, level with the ground.
GROUND'-PLOT, n. The site of a building.
GROUND'-RENT, n. Rent for building ground.
GROUNDS', 7i. pi. Dregs ; lees, as coffee-grounds.
GROUND'SEL, \n. The timber of a building
GROUND'-SlLL, j which lies next the ground;
the sill ; the name of a plant.
GROUND'-SWELL, n. The swell or rolling of bil-
lows from beneath, while the surface is not agi-
tated.
GROUND'-WORK (-wtirk), n. Foundation; the
basis ; first principle.
GROUP (groop), 71. A cluster; crowd; throng;
assemblage of figures.
GROUP (groop), v. t. To form a cluster ; to unite
in an assemblage.
GROUSE, n. A. heath-cock ; cock of the woods.
GROUT, 71. Coarse meal; pollard; a thin, coarse
mortar for filling up interstices ; also a mixture
of plaster and fine stuff for finishing off ceilings.
GROVE, n. A small wood or cluster of trees; a
place set with trees.
GROVEL (grov'vl), v. i To creep on the earth;
to cringe or be mean.
GROV'Mj-LER (grov'vl-ler), n One who creeps;
an abject wretch.
GROW (gro), v. i. [pret. GREW; pp. GROWN.] To
vegetate ; to advance ; to increase ; to improve.
GROW, v. t. To raise ; to produce.
GROWER fgro'er), n. One who grows 01 pro-
duces.
GROWL, n. The murmur of a dog.
GROWL, v. i. To grumble ; to snarl ; to murmur ;
v. i. to express by growling.
GROWL'ER, 71. One that snarls or murmurs.
GROWTH (groth), n. Increase of size ; vegetation;
produce ; progress.
GRtTB, 71. A small worm ; a dwarf.
GRUB, v. t. To dig; to remove by digging; mostly
followed by up;to grub up is to dig up by the roots
with an instrument ; v. i. to be occupied in dig-
ging.
GROB'-STREET, n. Originally a street in London
inhabited by mean writers ; hence used of mean
writings, as a Grub-street poem.
GRUDGE, v. t. To envy the enjoyment of another ;
to give or take reluctantly ; v. i. to murmur or re-
pine ; to be reluctant ; to be envious.
GRtJDGE, n. An old quarrel; secret enmity; un-
willingness to benefit. SYN. Aversion; dislike;
ill-will ; hatred ; spite ; pique.
GRUDG'ING-LY, ad. With grudging ; reluctantly.
GRU'EL, 7i. Food made of meal boiled in water.
GRUFF, a. Stern ; surly ; rough ; grum.
GRUFF'LY, ad. With surliness; roughly.
GRUFF'NESS, n. Surliness j moroseness.
GKU
195
GUN
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BULL ; VICIOUS.
GRUM. a. Morose ; sullen ; deep in the throat.
GRUM'BLE, v. i. To mutter ; to murmur ; to
growl.
GJ;i M'BLER, 71. One who mutters or complains.
GKUM'BLING, n. Murmurs; complaint.
GItCME, n. Clotted blood; thick matter.
GRUM'LY, ad. Morosely ; with a sour counte-
nance.
GRU'MOUS, a. Clotted ; consisting of grume.
GRCNT, v. i. To utter a deep sound, like a hog.
GRUNT, n. The guttural sound of a hog.
GUA'IA-eUM (gwa'ya-kmn), n. The resin of
lignum vitce, much used for rheumatism, &c.
GUA'NO (gwa'uo), n. A rich manure ; the dung oi
sea-fowls, &c.
GUAE-AN-TEE' (gar-an-tee'), n. A surety for per-
formance by a third person ; one by whom a guar-
antee is made.
GUAR'AN-TEE (gar'an-tee), v.t. To warrant ; to
undertake for the performance of an agreement ;
to make sure; to indemnify.
GUAR'AN-TEED, a. Warranted.
GUAR'AN-TEK-ING, a. or ypr. Giving a guarantee.
GUAR'AN-TOll, n. A warrantor.
GUARD (gard), n. Preservation or security against
loss, injury, or attack ; that which secures or de-
fends j a body of men for security or protection ;
a chosen portion of troops; a posture of defence.
STN. Defence; shield; protection; safeguard;
convoy ; escort ; care ; watch ; heed.
GUARD, v. t. To secure against injury or harm ;
to protect from malevolent attacks ; to accom-
pany for protection; to fasten by binding; v. i.
to watch by way of caution ; to be in a state of de-
fence or safety. STN. To watch ; defend; shield ;
keep ; protect ; cover ; convoy.
GUARD'ED-NESS, n. Caution; circumspection.
GUARD'I-AN (gard'e-an), n. One who has the care
of another ; a defender.
GUARD'I-AN, a. Guarding ; protecting.
GUARD'I-AN-SHIP, n. The office of a guardian.
GUARD'-KOOM, n. A room in which guards lodge.
GU ARD'-SHIP, 11 . A ship to defend a harbour.
GUA'VA, n. A tree of warm climates from whose
fruit is made a rich jelly.
GUD'GEON (gud'jun), n. A fish easily caught ; a
person gulled ; a pin on which a wheel tiirns ; a
clamp on which the rudder of a ship turns.
GUD'GEON, v. t. To cheat or gull.
GUE'BER,) TI. A name applied by the Mohamme-
GUE'BRE, ) dans to the Persian fire- worshippers,
also called Parse es in India.
GQER'DON (gur'don), n. A reward or recompence.
GUER-RIL'LA feer-rlTla), a. A term applied to an
irregular mode of warfare ; an armed mountaineer.
GUESS, v. t. or i. Literally, to cast or cost /o near d in
one's mind ; hence, to attempt to hit upon at ran-
dom, as to guess at a thing- when blindfolded ; to
conjecture or form an opinion on hidden or very
slight grounds, as to guess a riddle, to guess out
the meaning of an obscure passage. STN. To
think ; reckon. It is a gross vulgarism to use
the word gwss, not in its true and specific sense,
but simply for think or belief e, as, " I guess the
mail has arrived;" " I guess he is at home." It
is equally vulgar to use reckon in the same way, as,
" I reckon the mail has arrived ;" " I reckon he is
at home." Tbese words are the shibboleth of the
North and the South in America.
GUESS, n. A conjecture; surmise.
GUEST, 7i. A stranger entertained ; a visitor.
GUEST'-CHAM-BER, n. A place for guests.
GHUR (gur), n. A loose earthy deposit from water,
found in rocks.
GUID'ANCE, n. The act of guiding : direction ;
government; care.
GUIDE, v. t. To lead ; to direct ; to instruct.
GUIDE, n. One who shows the way ; a director.
GUlDE'-POST, 7i. A post where roads part, de-
skrned to direct travellers.
QUIDON, n. The silk standard of a regiment of
dragoons.
-easx; 6asJ; sasz; cnasSH; inis.
GUILD (gild), 7i. A fraternity ; society.
GUlLD'-HALL, n. The hall where a guild meet ;
the great court of jxidicature in London.
GUILE, n. Cunning ; craft ; deceit.
GUILE'FUL, a. Deceitful; crafty; artful; treacher-
ous ; intended to deceive.
GUILE'LESS, o. Void of guile ; artless ; sincere.
GUILE'LESS-NESS, n. Simplicity; artlessness.
GUlL'LO-TlNE (gillo-teen), 71. A machine for be-
heading persons.
GUlL'LO-TlNE, v. t. To behead with a guillotine.
GUlLT (gilt), n. Criminality and liableness to
punishment. STN. Ill-desert; offence; crime;
sinfulness ; wickedness.
GUILT'I-LY, ad. With guilt ; criminally.
GUlLTI-NESS, n. Criminality ; the state of being
GUILTLESS, a. Free from criminality ; innocent.
GUlLT'LESS-NESS, n. Freedom from guilt.
GUILT'Y (gflt'y), a. Criminal; wicked; corrupt;
conscious.
GUlN'EA (gJn'ny), 71. A former English gold coin
value 21 shillings.
GUlN'EA-FOWLA n. A fowl of a bluish-gray
GUlN'EA-HEN, J colour spotted with white,
from Africa.
GUlN'EA-PIG, 7i. A small quadruped of the cavy
kind, from Brazil.
GUlN'EA-WORM, n. A worm often ten feet
long and of the thickness of a horse-hair, that
burrows under the cuticle of the feet.
GUISE ,7i. Manner; custom; garb.
GUIT-AR/ (git-tar'), n, A stringed instrument of
music.
GULCH, TI. A ravine. [Used in California.]
GULES, n. [JV.] In heraldry, red.
GOLF, 7i. A deep recess in the sea ; abyss ; whirl-
pool ; a deep place in the earth ; an eddy ; any
thing insatiable.
G ULF'Y, a. Full of gulfs ; deep.
GULL, 7i. A marine fowl of several species; a
person easily cheated ; a trick ; fraud.
GOLL, v. t. To cheat ; to trick ; to defraud.
GUL'LET, n. The passage for food into the sto-
mach.
GUL-LI-BlL'I-TY, n. Ease of being gulled; cre-
dulity.
GUL'LY, Ti. A channel worn by water; a large
Scotch knife.
GUL'LY, v. t. To wear a channel by water.
GULP, v. t. To swallow eagerly ; to disgorge.
GULP, TI. A swallow ; a disgorging.
GUM, 71. The fleshy substance that incloses the
teeth ; mucilage of vegetables hardened.
GUM, v. t. To smear or close with gum.
GUM-AR'A-BI-6, TI. A white gum from the acacia
in Arabia, &c.
GUM'BO, TI. A dish made of young okras, with
salt and pepper, stewed in butter.
GUM'LA. See LAO.
GUM-MIF'ER-OUS, o. Producing gum.
GUM'MI-NESS, TI. Quality of being gummy.
GUM'MY US '} a. Like gum ; viscous ; adhesive.
GUMP, n' A silly person.
GUMPTION, TI. Shrewdness; skill. [Provincial
in England.]
GUM-TRAG'A-GANTH, 71. A gum of a thorny
shrub of that name in the East.
GUM'-TREE, TI. The popular name of the black
gum, one of the largest trees in the Southern
States of America.
GON, 71. Afire-arm; cannon ; musket, &c.
GUN'- BO AT, 71. A boat or small vessel fitted to
carry a gun or two at the bow.
GUN'-OT'TON, n. A highly explosive substance,
made by soaking cotton, &c., in nitric and sul-
phuric acids.
GUM'-MET'AL, n. An alloy of copper or tin.
GUN'NER, n. One who manages guns ; a naval
officer having charge of the ordnance.
GUN'NER- Y, n. The art and science of firing gun?
GUN
196
HAG
i, t, <fcc., tang. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHT; TH&RE, TfiRM; MARINE, BtRDj ii8v,
GCN'NING, n. Act of hunting or shooting.
GCN'POW-DER, n. A composition of saltpetre,
sulphur, and charcoal, mixed, dried, and granu-
lated.
GON'SHOT, n. The reach or range of a shot or
ball ; a. made by the shot of a gun.
GtTN'SMITH, n. A man who makes guns.
GtfN'STOCK, n. The stock or wood in which the
barrel of a gun is fixed.
GtTN'TER'S SCALE, n. A flat rule two feet long,
marked with graduated lines, for solving questions
in arithmetic and geometry, &c.
GON'WALE, 7 (gun'nel), n. The upper part of a
GON'NEL, j ship's side.
GtTR'GLE (gtLr'gl), v. i. To run, as water, with a
purling noise ; to run in a broken current.
GURG'LING, n. A running with a noisy, broken
current.
GtTSH, v. t. To rush out, as a fluid ; to flow copi-
ously. SYN. To flow. To gush is to break forth
with violence ; to flow is to move on gently with
little or no opposition. The fountain gushes
from beneath the rocks, and flows quietly away in
a winding stream.
GUS'SET, n. A piece of cloth for strengthening a
garment.
CtTST, n. Pleasure ; sense of tasting ; taste ; a sud-
den blast of wind.
GtTS'TA-TO-RY, a. Pertaining to taste.
GtTS'TO, n. Relish ; taste.
GCST'Y, o. Tempestuous; subject to blasts of
wind.
Gt)T, n. The intestinal canal of an animal ; glut-
tony ; v. t. to take out the entrails or contents.
GtJT'TA PER'CHA, n. A substance exuding like
India-rubber from certain trees in Asia, and used,
when hardened, for numerous purposes.
GUTTA SE-RE'NA, n. [L.] Blindness occasioned
by a palsied retina ; amaurosis.
GtJT'TER, n. A passage for water ; v. t. to form
in hollows or channels ; v. i. to be hollow ; chan-
nelled; to run in drops or hollows as a candle.
G OT'TUR-AL, o. Belonging to the throat ; deep
in sound ; n. a letter pronounced in the throat.
G0TTUR-AL-LY, ad. In or with the throat.
G DT'TUR- AL-NESS, n. The quality of being gut-
tural.
G UY (gy), n. A rope to steady a thing in hoisting
or lowering; a laughing-stock. (Low.)
GtTZ'ZLE, v. i. To swallow much or frequently.
GCZ'ZLER, n. One who guzzles ; a toper.
GYBE (jibe), v. t. To shift a boom-sail from one
side of a vessel to another.
GYM-NA'SI-AR-GH, n. An officer who provided
for the gymnasium.
GYM-NA'SI-UM, n. ; pi. GYM-NA'SI-UMS or GYH-NA'-
SI-A. A place of exercise ; a higher school.
GlM'NAST (jTm'nast),") n. One who teaches or
GYM-NAS'TIC, j learns gymnastic exer-
cises.
(jYM-NAS'TIC, a. Pertaining to athletic exercises
for health, &c.
GYMTSTAS'TieS, n. pi. The art of performing
athletic exercises.
GYM-NOS'O-PHIST, n. A barefooted and almost
naked philosopher of India.
GYN'AR-HY (jm/ar-ky), . Government by a
female.
("IfFSE-OUS (jitp'se-us), }a. Partaking of the
GYP'SINE, j qualities of gypsum.
GYP'SUM(jV SUIn )> A mineral used as a ma-
nure; sulphate of lime; plaster of Paris.
GYFSY. See GIPSY.
GY'RAL, a. Whirling ; moving round.
GY'RATE, v. t. To revolve round a central point,
as a tornado.
GY-RATION, n. A whirling ; circular motion.
GY'RA-TO-RY, o. Moving in a circle.
GYK'FAL-eON (jer'faw-kn), n. A kind of hawk.
GYVE (jive), n. Gyves are fetters for the legs;
v. t. to shackle j to fetter ; to chain.
H.
rriHE letter H is not strictly either a vowel or a con-
* sonant, but the mark of a stronger emission of
breath than that which {precedes the utterance
of any other letter. It is sometimes mute, as in
honour, and when united with g, as in right.
HA, ex., denoting surprise, joy, or grief.
HA'BE-AS CORP'US, n. A writ to deliver a person
from false imprisonment.
HAB'ER-DASH-ER, n. A dealer in small wares, as
thread, &c.
HAB'ER-DASH-ER-Y, n. Goods of a haberdasher.
HA-BER'GE-ON, n. Armour covering the neck and
breast.
HA-BlL'I-MENT, n. Dress ; clothing.
HAB'IT, n. [L. habeo.] Literally, what we have ;
hence, temperament of body or mind; aptitude
for any thing gained by practice ; dress or garb ;
a lady's riding-dress. SYN. Custom. Habit is an
internal principle which leads us to do easily,
naturally, and with growing certainty, what we
do often ; custom is external, being the frequent
repetition of the same act. The two operate re-
ciprocally on each other. The custom of giving
produces a habit of liberality ; habits of devotion
promote the custom, of going to church. Custom
supposes an act of the will, selecting given modes
of procedure ; habit is a law of our being, a kind
of " second nature" which grows up within us.
HAB'IT, v. t. To clothe ; to equip.
HAB'IT-A-BLE, a. That can be inhabited.
HAB'IT-A-BLE-NESS, n. State of being habitable.
HAB'IT-AN-CY, n. Legal settlement.
HAB'IT- ANT, n. A dweller ; an inhabitant.
HABT-TAT, n. In natural history, the natural
locality of an animal or a plant, &c.
HAB-I-TA'TION, n. A place of abode j a resi-
dence ; a settled dwelling ; a mansion.
HA-BlT'0-AL, (-buVyn-al), o. Acquired by habit;
according to habit. SYN. Inveterate; customary;
accustomed ; usual ; common.
HA-BIT'0-AL-LY, ad. With frequent practice.
HA-BlT'0-ATE, v. t. To accustom ; to use often.
HABTTODE, n. Internal state going out in acts ;
customary mode of life.
HAC-I-EN'VA, n. [Sp.] An isolated farm house or
plantation.
HACK, v. t. To cut awkwardly or into small
pieces ; to speak with stops or hesitation ; v. i.
to be exposed for common use for hire ; to cough ;
to hawk, which see.
HACK, n. A horse or coach kept for hire ; a notch ;
a cut ; a writer employed in the drudgery of book-
making.
HACK'BER-RY, n. An American tree.
HACK'LE (hftk'kl), v. t. To comb flax or hemp ; to
tear asunder.
HACK'LE, n. A hatchel ; raw silk ; any flimsy sub-
stance unspun ; a fly for angling.
HACK'LY, a. Rough ; broken, as if hacked.
HACK'MA-TACK, n. The American larch, highly
prized for timber.
HACK'NEY (hak'ny), n. ; pi. HACK'NEYS. A pad;
a nag ; a pony ; a horse or coach for hire ; a hire-
ling.
HACK'NEY, v. t. To use much ; to make trite.
HACK'NEY, a. Let out for hire ; common ; pros-
titute.
HACK'NEY-OACH, n. A coach kept for hire.
HACK'NEYED (hak'nid), a. Used much; accus-
tomed.
HAD'DOCK, n. A sea-fish allied to the cod.
HA'DES (ha'dez), n. The region of departed souls.
HADJ'I, n. A Mohammedan pilgrim to Mecca.
JIMW A-TITE, n. Red oxide of iron.
HAFT (6), n. Handle, as of a sword ; the hilt.
HAG, n. An ugly woman ; a fury ; a witch.
HAG'GAKD, n. Any thing wild or ugly ; a hawk,
HAG'GARD, a. Ugly ; deformed ; lean.
HAG
197
HAN
DOVEj WQLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BULL ; VICIOUS,
HAG'GARD-LY, ad. In an ugly manner.
HAG'GIES, ") n. A Scottish pudding containing the
HAG'GIS, J entrails of a lamb chopped fine with
euet, herbs, and spices, and boiled in the maw ;
in England, a mess of meat, generally of pork,
a. Of the nature of a hag.
chopped ai
HAG'GISH,
HAG'GLE, v. t. To mangle in cutting ; to tear.
HAG'GLE, v. i. To be difficult in bargaining ; to
hesitate ; to cavil. See HIGGLE.
HAG-I-OG'RA-PHY, n. \ Literally, holy writings ;
HAG-I-OG'RA-PHA, n. pl.j the third division of
the Old Testament by the Jews, containing the
books not included in the Law and the Prop/lets,
with the exception of Daniel.
HA-HA, \n. A fence or bank sunk in a slope
HAW-HAW, ) so as not to be seen till it is just
readied.
HAlK, n. A piece of cloth worn by Arabs over the
tunic ; hyke.
HAIL, 71. Little masses of ice which fall from the air.
HAIL, i. 1. To call ; to salute ; v. i. to fall as in ice
HAIL, int. Be well ; a term of salutation.
HAIL, n. A wish of health ; salutation.
HAIL'STONE, n. A single mass of ice falling.
HAIR (4), n. A small animal filament or a mass
of such ; any thing rery fine ; a trifling value ;
course ; order.
HAIR'-BREADTH (-brSdth). n. The diameter of a
hair ; a very small distance.
HAIR'-eLOTH, n. Cloth made of hair.
HAIR'I-NESS, n. State of being hairy.
HAIR'LESS, a. Destitute of hair ; bald.
HAIR'-PlN, n. A pin used in dressing the hair.
HAIR'-SPLIT-TING, n. The act or practice of
making very minute distinctions.
HAIR -STROKE, n. A very fine line or stroke in
writing or drawing.
HAIR'Y, a. Full of hair ; made of hair.
HAKE, n. A kind of sea-fish allied to the cod.
HAL'BERD or HAL'BERT (hol'berd), n. A military
weapon with an iron head.
HAL'CY-ON (hal'se-on), a. Peaceful; undisturbed,
as halcyon days ; seasons of peace and tranquility ;
so called from the halcyon or king fisher, which
was supposed to lay its eggs only at a time of per-
fect calm.
HALE, a. Sound; strong; robust.
HALE or HALE, v. t. To drag. See HAUL.
HALF (haf)," n. ; pi. HALVES. One of two equal
parts of a thing.
HALF'-BLOOD (hafblud), n. A relation by one
parent.
HALF'-CASTE, n. In India, one born of a Hindoo
and a European.
HALF'-MOON, n. The moon when half illumin-
ated ; a crescent or outwork in fortifications.
HALF'-PA Y, n. Half the amount of wages.
HALF'PEN-NY (ha'pen-ny or hap'pen-n)), n. A
copper coin, value of half a penny.
HALF'-PIKE, n. A small pike carried by officers.
HALF'- SEAS O'VER, a. Half drunk ; tipsy.
HALF'-WAY, a. Equally distant from the ex-
tremes ; ad. at half the distance.
HALF'-WlT-TED, a. Foolish ; silly ; weak.
HAL'I-BUT (hul'e-but), 71. A large flat fish that
swims on its side.
HAL'I-DOM.n. Holiness.
HALL, n. Entrance of a house ; a large room ; a
court ; a manor house ; a collegiate body in a uni-
versity.
HAL-LE-LttlAH, ") n , , I. VIM ,VI f n. Praise ye
HAL-LE-LC'JAH, j U^Me-luyali),-j the Lord /
HAL'LIARDS,) 71. pi. Ropes to raise or lower a
HAL'YARDS, j sail.
HAL-LOO' v. i. To cry out ; to exclaim.
HAL-LOO', v. t. To encourage with shouts ; to
call or shout to ; to cl - se with shouts.
HAL-LOO', ex. To excite attention.
HAL'LOW, v. t. To consecrate ; to keep sacred ;
to reverence.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as ss ; THIS.
HAL'LOW-E'EN, n. All Hallows eve, or Nut-crack,
night, the evening preceding the feast of All Souls.
HAL'LOW-MASS, n. The feast of All Souls.
HAL-LO-CT-NA'TION, n. A diseased state of the
mind or imagination ; delusion ; error.
HA'LO, n. ; i)l. HI/LOS. A circle round the suu or
moon.
HA'LOID, a. Resembling salt.
HALS'ER. See HAWSER.
HALT (hawlt), v. i. To limp ; to stop ; to hesitate ;
to falter; v. t. to cause to cease marching.
HALT, a. Lame ; limping ; n. a stopping ; a limp-
ing ; a stop in marching.
HALT'ER, 7i. One who halts ; a rope or strap and
head-stall for a horse ; a rope for hanging.
HAL'TER, v. t. To put a halter on ; to confine.
HALT ING, n. A stopping ; a limping.
HALVE (hav), v. t. To divide into two equal parts.
HAL'YARDS, n. Ropes for hoisting a sail.
HAM, n. The hind part of the knee ; the thigh of
a beast ; the thigh of a hog salted and smoked.
HAM'A-DRY-AD, n. A wood-nymph.
HA'MA-TED, a. Hooked ; armed with hooks.
HAMES (hamz), n. pi. Two pieces of wood or iron
fixed to a horse's collar, to which the traces are
attached.
HAM'LET, n. A village or small cluster of houses.
EAM'MER, n. An instrument for driving nails,
&c.
HAM'MER, v. t. To beat or drive with a hammer ;
to forge ; to work hard in the mind, <fcc.
HAM'MER-CLOTH, n. The cloth that covers a
coach-box.
HAH'MER-HARD, n. Iron or steel hardened ly
hammering.
HAM'MOCK, n. A hanging bed used in ships.
HA'MOUS, a. Having the end curved.
HAM'PER, 7i. A covered basket for carriage ', fet-
ters, &c.
HAM'PER, v. i . To shackle; to perplex; to en-
tangle ; to hinder.
HAM'STRING, n. The tendon of the ham.
HAM'STRLNG, v. t. To cut the tendons of the ham.
HAND, 7i. The extreme part of the arm ; pointer
of a clock or watch ; manner of writing ; a mea-
sure of four inches ; agency ; conveyance ; man-
ner of acting ; a person employed.
HAND'-BALL, n. A game of ball with the hand.
HAND'-BAR-ROW, n. A barrow borne by two
persons.
HAND- BOOK, n. A manual ; a guide-book.
HAND-BREADTH (-brgdth), n. A space of the
breadth of the hand.
HAND^RAFT, } n. Work performed by the
HAND1-RAFT,> hands; trade or skill in me-
chanic art.
HAND'RAFT'S-MAN,n. A workman; mamifac-
turer.
HANDCUFF, 71. A manacle of iron rings for the
wrists connected by a chain.
HAND'CUFF, v. t. To confine the hands with
irons.
HAND'FUL, n. As much as the hand can hold ; a
small quantity.
HAN'DI--e A P, n. A sort of vehicle or race.
HAND'-GAL-LOP, n. A gentle, easy gallop.
HAND'I-LY, ad. Skilfully; easily.
HAND'I-NESS, n. Ease or dexterity in perform-
ance.
HAND'I-WURK, ~) , _- ,> ") n. Work done by the
HANDY-WORK, j^" wurK;j J hand; work by
power and wisdom.
HAND'KER-CHIEF (hank'er-chif), n. A piece of
cloth used for the face or neck ; neck-kerchief.
HAN'DLE, v. t. To touch ; to manage ; to wield ;
to treat of; to deal with.
HAN'DLE, 71. The part by which a thing is held ;
a thing used ; instrument for a purpose.
HAND'LING, n. The act of using the hand;
touching; treating in discussion; in painting or
other art, the management of the pencil, &c.
HAND'MAID, n. A female servant ; a waiting-maid.
HAN
198
A, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL,
HAND'-MlLL, n. A mill moved by the hand.
HAND'-RAIL, n. A rail supported by balusters,
as in a staircase.
HAND'-SAW, n. A saw used by one hand.
HAND'SOME (han'sum), n. Originally, dexterous;
suitable ; hence, becoming ; moderately beauti-
ful ; suitably large, as a handsome offer or estate.
SYN. Pretty ; elegant ; graceful. See BEAUTIFUL.
HAND'SOME-LY, ad. Dexterously ; gracefully.
HAND'SOME-NESS, n, Dexterity ; gracefulness j
ease and propriety.
HAND'-SPIKE or SPE, n. A wooden lever.
HAND'WRIT-ING, n. The form of writing pecu-
liar to a person.
HAND'Y, a. Ready ; dexterous ; convenient.
HANG, v. t. [pret. and pp. HANGED or HUNG.] To
suspend ; to put to death on a gallows ; to fix in
such a manner as to be movable ; v.i. to be sus-
HAH
THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE,
pended; to dangle; to depend; to hover.
HANG'DOG, n. A tei
One that hangs; a short broad-
.-a.-^vj, .L^VJ,, , t . **. term of reproach for one of a
base and degraded character.
HANG'ER, n.
sword.
HANG'ER-ON, n. A dependent ; one that besets
another.
HANGING, n. Drapery hung against walls ; death
by the halter ; display.
HANG'MAN, n. A public executioner.
HANG'-NAIL, n. A small piece of skin that hangs
from the root of the nails ; a grail.
HANK, n. Several skeins of thread tied together ;
a small bundle ; a wooden ring fixed to a stay to
confine the sails.
HANK'ER, v. i. To long for ; to have eager desire.
HANK'ER-ING, n. An eager craving of appetite
HAN-SE-AT'I, a. Relating to the Hause towns in
Germany, so celled, as associated for protection
of commerce, &c.
HAP, n. That which occurs or comes suddenly or
unexpectedly. SYN. Chance; accident; fortune;
casual event ; misfortune.
HAP-HAZ'ARD, n. Chance; accident.
HAP'LESS, a. Unhappy ; unfortunate.
HAP'LY, ad. Perhaps ; it may be.
HAP'PEM (hap'pn), v.i. To fall out; to come to
pass ; to come unexpectedly.
HAP'PI-LY, ad. By good fortune ; with success ;
in a happy state ; with address, &c., to secure
success. SYN. Fortunately ; luckily ; prosperous-
ly ; dexterously ; felicitiously.
HAP'PI-NESS, n. State of enjoyment ; unstudied
grace ; good luck ; good fortune. SYN. Felicity ;
blessedness ; bliss. Happiness is generic, and is
applied to almost every kind of enjoyment except
that of the animal appetites ; felicity is a more
formal word, and is used more sparingly in the
same general sense, but with elevated associa-
tions ; blessedness is applied to the most refined
enjoyment arising from the purest social, benevo-
lent, and religious affections ; bliss denotes still
more exalted delight, and is applied more appro-
priately to the joy anticipated in heaven.
HAP'PY, a. Being in the enjoyment of good;
having success ; having some possession of good ;
supply ing or giving pleasure; enjoying the pre-
sence of God hereafter. SYN. Fortunate; pros-
perous; successful; propitious; felicitous;
blessed; blissful.
HA-RANGUE' (ha-rangO, n. A fervid public ad-
dress; declamation. SYN. Speech; oration.
Speech is generic ; an oration is an elaborate and
prepared speech ; a harangue is a vehement ap-
peal to the passions, or a noisy, disputatious ad-
dress. A general makes a harangue to his troops
on the eve of a battle; a demagogue Tiarangues the
populace on the subject of their wrongs.
HA-RANGUE', v. t. or i. To address with great
fervour ; to hold forth with vehemence, as a gen-
eral to his troops on the eve of battle.
HA-RANG'UER (ha-rfing/er), n. One who ha-
rangues ; a noisy declaimer.
HAR'ASS, v. t. To fatigue with bodily labour ; to
fatigue with care, importunity, or perplexity.
SYN. 19 tire ; weary ; perplex ; tease ; vex ; mo-
lest; disturb.
HAR' ASS-ING, a. Annoying ; tending to annoy or
tease.
HAR'BIN-GER, n. A forerunner; precursor.
HAR'BIN-GER, v. i. To precede another, or coine
as a harbinger.
HAR'BOUR, n. A haven for ships ; a place of rest
or safety.
HAR/BOUR, v. t. To lodge; to shelter; to protect.
HAR'BOUR-ER, n. One who receives and protects.
HAR'BOUR-LESS, a. Without a harbour.
HAR'BOUR-MAS-TER, n. An officer who regulates
the mooring of ships in a harbour, &c.
HARD, a. Not easily penetrated or separated ; not
easy to the intellect ; not easy to be done ; attend-
ed with difficulty, &c. ; not readily moved or ex-
cited ; not prosperous; difficult in bargains. SYN.
Compact; solid; difficult; laborious; arduous;
painful ; distressing ; harsh ; rough ; cruel ; un-
feeling ; pressing ; austere ; close ; coarse, &c.
HARD, ad. Close; nearly; with assiduity; with
difficulty; violently; with force.
HARD'BEAM, n. The horn-beam.
HARD'-EN (har'dn), v. t. To make harder ; to make
firm; v.i. to become hard, or more hard; to
grow unfeeling, &c.
HARD'-FEAT-CRED,) a. Coarse in features ; of a
HARD'-VIS-AGED, | harsh, stern face.
HARD'-FIST-ED, a. Close-fisted ; covetous.
HARD'-HAND-ED, a. Having tough hands.
HARD'-HEART'ED, a. Inhuman ; unfeeling.
HARD'-HEART'ED-NESS, n. Want of tenderness ;
cruelty.
HARD'I-HOOD, n. Boldness with firmness ; bravery.
HARD'I-LY,' ad. With great boldness ; stoutly.
HARD'I-NESS, n. Boldness ; firm intrepidity ; as-
surance.
HARD'LY, ad. With difficulty ; scarcely ; severely ;
coarsely; unwelcomely; grudgingly.
HARD'-MOUIHED (-mouthd), a. Not easily
reined.
HARD'NESS, n. Firm texture ; difficult to be un-
derstood or done ; confirmed wickedness ; cruelty
of temper ; severe labour. SYN. Compactness ;
difficulty; obduracy; impenitence; severity;
savageness ; harshness ; hardship.
HARDS, n. pi. Coarse or refuse flax ; tow.
HARD'SHIP, n. Severe toil; oppression.
HARD'WARE, n. Wares made of iron, steel, &c.
HARD% a. Strong; brave; bold; enduring fa-
tigue.
HARE (4), n. A small, fleet, and timid qxaadruped.
HARE'BELL, n. A plant with a blue flower.
HARE'BRAINED (-brand), o. Wild ; giddy; vola-
tile.
HARE'-HEART-ED, a. Timid ; timorous ; fearful.
HARE'LIP, n. A divided Up, like a hare's.
HA'REM (ha'rem or har'em), n.. A place in Eastern
dwelling-houses allotted to females.
HAR'I-COT (har'i-ko), n. [Fr.] A kind of ragout of
roots and meat ; the kidney-bean.
HAR'I-ER, n. A dog for hunting hares.
HARK, v. i. To hear ; to listen.
HAR'LE-QUIN (harle-kin), n. A buffoon; amerry-
andrew.
HAR-LE-QUIN-ADE' (har-le-kin-ade'), n. Exhibi-
tions of harlequins ; feats of buffoonery.
HAR'LOT, -n,. A lewd woman ; a prostitute ; o.
wanton; lewd; base.
H AR'LOT-RY, n. The practice of lewdness.
HARM, n. Injury ; hurt ; evil ; wickedness.
HARM, v. t. To injure ; to hurt.
HAR-MATTAN, n. A parching wind from the in-
terior of Africa.
HARM'FUL, a. Hurtful ; injurious ; mischievous.
HARM'LESS, a. Doing no harm; not receiving
damage ; not guilty of crime or wrong. SYN. In-
nocent ; inoffensive ; unoffending.
HARM'LESS-LY, ad. Without hurt ; innocently.
HARM'LESS-NESS, n. Quality of being innoxi-
HAH
199
HAU
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK; B^LE, BCLL ; vFCIOTTS.
ous ; innocence ; freedom from tendency to hurt
or guilt.
HAK-MttNI-C. ") a. Concordant; consonant ;
HAR-MON'I-AL, $ musical.
HAE-MON'I--6A, n. A musical instrument in which
the tones are produced by the vibration of a
series of goblets resembling finger-glasses ; musi-
cal glasses.
HAR-MON'I-AL-LY, ad. Musically.
HAE-MON'IS, n. pi. The science of musical
sounds ; consonances.
HAR-MO'NI-OITS, a. Adapted to each other ; with
parts proportioned to each other; agreeing to-
gether. SYN. Accordant; symmetrical; peaceful;
friendly.
HAR-MO'NI-OUS-LY, ad. With concord; music-
ally.
HAR-MON'I-PHON, n. A musical instrument in
which thin metalli c plates are put into vibration by
air from the mouth.
HAR-MON'I-UM, ?i. A musical instrument, in
which thin metallic plates are sounded by air,
communicated by a bellows. It is played with
keys like an organ.
HAR'MO-NIST, n. A composer or performer of
music ; one who seeks to reconcile and arrange
corresponding passages of Scripture.
HAR'MO-NIZE, v. i. To be in concord ; to agree ;
to be at peace ; v. t. to adjust in fit proportions ;
to cause to agree ; to make musical.
HAR'MO-NY, n. Adjusted proportions ; musical
concord ; accordance in facts or views ; a literary
work which brings together passages, and shows
their consistency. SYN. Melody. Harmony results
from the concord of two or more musical strains
which differ in pitch and quality ; the term may
also be applied to sounds which are not musical.
Melody denotes the pleasing alternation and
variety of musical and measured sounds, as they
succeed each other in a single verse or strain.
" Harmonious accents greet my ear ; " " Sing me
some melodious measure."
HAR'NESS, n. Armour ; furniture for a horse, &c.
HAR'NESS, v. t. To dress in armour ; to equip ; to
put on harness.
HARP, n. A stringed instrument of music ; a con-
stellation ; v. i. to play on a harp ; to dwell on.
HARP'ER, n. One who plays on a harp.
HASTINGS, n. The fore parts of the wales which
strengthen a ship's bow.
HAR-POON', n. A barbed spear for whaling; a
harping-iron.
HAR-POON', v.t. To strike or kill with a harpoon.
HAR-POON'ER or HAR-PO-NEER', n. One who uses
a harpoon.
HARP'SI-GHORD (-kord), n. A large instrument
of music with strings of wire, played on by keys.
HAR'PY, n. A fabulous winged animal ; an ex-
tortioner ; a plunderer.
HAR'RI-DAN", n. A decayed lewd woman.
HAR'RI-ER, n. A hunting dog, with keen scent.
HAR'ROW, n. An iron-toothed instrument to
break up and prepare land.
HAR/ROW, v. t. To break or level down with a
harrow ; to tear ; to ravage ; to harass.
HAR'ROW-ER, n. One who harrows ; a hawk.
HAR'RY, v. t. To pillage ; to harass ; to tease.
HARSH, a. Rough to the touch, taste, or feel-
ing. STN. Rugged ; sour ; austere ; rude ; rigor-
ous ; grating.
IIARSH'LY, ad. Roughly; sourly; rudely ; with
grating sound ; severely.
HARSH'NESS, n. Roughness to the touch, the
taste, or ear; roughness of temper in manner
or in words. SYN. Ruggedness ; sourness; dis-
cord ; crabbedness ; moroseness ; peevishness ;
rudeness ; severity ; coarseness. See ACRIMONY.
HARS'LET, > n. The heart, liver, and lights of a
HAS'LET, ) hog.
HART, n. A stag or male deer.
HARTS'HORN, n. Horn of harts ; sal-ammonia.
HAR'UM-SAR'UM, a. Wild; precipitate; giddy.
eas K; a as j; s as z; cnas SH; THIS.
HA-RtrS'PlCE (-rus'pis),n. One who foretells events
by inspecting the entrails of beasts.
HAR'VEST, n. The season for gathering ripe
grain; the crop gathered; effects ; consequences;
the proper time.
HAR'VEST, v. t. To gather a ripe crop.
HAR'VEST-HOME, n. Time of harvest ; a song.
HAR'VEST-MOON, n. The moon near its full at
the time of the autumnal equinox, when it rises
at nearly the same hour for several nights. This
is the period of harvest in England (whence ita
name), though not in America.
HAR'VEST-QUEEN, n. An image of Ceres, car-
ried about on the last harvest-day.
HASH, v.t. To mince ; to dress in small bits.
HASH, n. Minced meat or meat and vegetables.
HASP, n. A clasp for a staple.
HAS'SOCK, n. A cushion or mat to kneel on in
church.
HASTE, n. Celerity of motion or action ; sudden
excitement ; state of being pressed by business.
SYN. Hurry; speed; despatch. Haste denotes
quickness of action and a strong desire (lit., heat)
for getting on ; hurry includes a confusion and
want of collected thought not implied in haste ;
speed denotes the actual progress which is made ;
despatch, the promptitude and rapidity with which
things are done. A man may properly be in
"haste, but never in a liurry. Speed usually secures
despatch.
HASTE, ) v. i. or t. To move fast ; to be rapid in
", 3 m
motion ; to be speedy or quick.
HAS'TI-LY, ad. In haste ; rashly; passsionately.
HAS'TI-NESS, n. Speed; rashness; irritability.
HAS'TY, a. Quick; speedy; passionate; rash;
forward.
HAS'TY-PUD-DING, n. A pudding made of meal
stirred with water and boiled.
HAT, n. A cover for the head.
HATCH, v. t. To produce young from eggs ; to
contrive or plot ; to cross with lines in drawings
or engravings ; v. i. to produce, brood over, or
raise young.
HATCH, n. A brood ; act of exclusion from the
HATCH'EL, n. An instrument to clean flax.
HATCH'EL, v. t. To draw flax or hemp through
the teeth of a hatchel ; to vex.
HATCH'ES, n. pi. The opening in a ship's deck ;
the grate or cross-bars over the opening in the
deck ; hatch-bars ; flood-gates.
HATCH'ET, n. A small axe with a short handle.
HATCHING, n. The production of young from
eggs ; in drawing, &c., making lines crossing each
other at more or less acute angles; in heraldry,
the several colours of a shield.
HATCH'MENT, n. In heraldry, a funeral escut-
cheon suspended in front of a house to denote
death.
HATCHWAY, n. The opening in a ship's deck.
HATE, v. t. To dislike greatly. SYN. Abhor ; de-
test ; loathe. Hate is generic ; to loathe is to re-
gard with deep disgust; to abhor is to contem-
plate with horror ; to detest is to reject utterly, as
if testifying against.
HATE, \n. The feeling of great dislike or
HA'TRED, $ aversion, as to any person or thing.
SYN. Enmity ; ill-will ; animosity ; rancour ;
detestation ; loathing ; abhorrence ; antipathy.
HAT'ED, a. Disliked; greatly abhorred.
HATE'FUL, a. Exciting great dislike, aversion, or
disgust; that feels hatred. SYN. Odious; exe-
crable ; abhorrent ; repugnant ; malignant.
HATE'FUL-LY, ad. With great dislike; malig-
nantly ; maliciously.
HATE'FUL-NESS, n. Quality of being hateful.
HA'TRED, n. Extreme dislike ; settled enmity.
SYN. Animosity; hostilit3 r ; resentment; anger.
HAT'TER, n. A maker or seller of hats.
HAU'EERK, n. A coat of mail without sleeves.
HAUGH (haw), n. A little low meadow.
HAUGH'TI-LY, ad. With pride and contempt.
HAU
200
HEA
1, fi, Ac., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BIRD;
HAUGH'TI-NESS (haw'ty-), n. Quality of being
haughty ; pride with contempt. STN. Arrogance ;
disdain. Haughtiness denotes the expression of
conscious and proud superiority ; arrogance is a
disposition to claim for one's self more than is
justly due, and to enforce it to the utmost ; dis-
dain is the exact reverse of condescension toward
inferiors, since it expresses and desires others to
feel how far below ourselves we consider them.
A person is haughty in disposition and demeanour ;
arrogant in his claims of homage and deference ;
disdainful even in accepting the deference which
his haughtiness leads him arrogantly to exact.
HAUGH'TY (haw'ty), a. Having a high opinion of
one's self with contempt for others ; lofty and
overbearing ; disposed to dictate. SYN. Proud ;
disdainful ; arrogant ; scornful ; imperious.
HAUL, v. t. To draw with force ; to drag.
HAUL, n. A pulling with force; a dragging;
draught of a net.
HAULM, \ n. The straw of beans or peas ; straw ;
HAUM, ) the dry stalks of grain in general.
HAUNCH, n. That part of the body which lies be-
tween the last ribs and the thigh ; the hip.
HAUNT (hant),^. t. To frequent; to intrude on;
to disturb ; v. i. to be much about; to visit or be
present often.
HXUNT, n. A place of frequent resort.
HAUNT'ED, a. Frequently visited by apparitions;
troubled by frequent visits. [place.
HAUNT'ER, n. One that frequents a particular
HAUT'BOY (ho'boy), n. A wind instrument of
music ; a species of strawberry.
HAU'TEUR (hd'taur), n. [Fr.] Pride or haughti-
ness.
HAUT-GOUT (ho-goo'), . [IV.] High relish or
seasoning.
HAVE, v. t. [pret. and pp. HAD.] To possess ; to
hold ; to obtain ; to enjoy ; to bring forth ; to
contain ; to maintain ; to be under necessity.
HA'V.EN (ha'vn), n. A harbour; a safe place; a
place of shelter.
HAV'ER-SACK, n. A soldier's knapsack.
HAV'OG, n. Ravage; slaughter; wide and gene-
ral destruction ; v. t. to lay waste ; to destroy ; to
ravage.
HAV'OG, ex. Originally an exciting cry in hunting,
then a war-cry and signal for slaughter.
HAW, n. The berry and seed of the hawthorn;
hesitation in speech ; a dale.
HAW, v. i. To hesitate in speaking.
HAW-HAW. See HAH A.
HAWK, 'n. A genus of birds, mostly rapacious ; an
effort to force up phlegm in the throat.
HAWK, v. t. To catch by means of hawks ; to force
phlegm from the throat ; to cry goods.
HAWK'ER, n. One who hawks goods in the
streets or through the country.
HAWK'EYED (-Ide), a. Having acute sight.
HA WK'ING, n. The taking of wild fowls by means
of hawking ; the effort to force phlegm up in the
throat ; the offering of goods for sale by a cry.
HAWSE'-HOLE, 71. A hole in the bow of a ship
through which the cable passes.
HAWSER, n. A small cable or large rope.
HAWTHORN, n. The thorn that bears haws,
used for hedges ; the white thorn.
HAY, n. Grass dried for fodder ; v. i. to dry and
cure grass.
HAY'GOCK, n. A pile of hay in the field.
HAY'ING, n. The act of making hay ; time for
doing it.
HAY'-KNlFE (ha'nife), , An instrument for cut-
ting hay.
HAY'-LOFT, n. A scaffold for hay.
HAY'-MOW, n. A mow of hay in a barn.
H AY'-RICK, ") n. A stack or large conical pile ci
HAY'STACK, $ hay.
HAY'WARD, n. One who guards fences, and pre-
HAZ'ARD, v. t. To expose to chance or to danger j
to venture; to incur or bring on. SYN. To risk ;
adventure ; jeopardize ; peril ; endanger.
HAZ'ARD-OUS, a. That exposes to peril or danger
of loss. SYN. Perilous ; dangerous ; imminent ;
bold ; daring ; venturesome ; precarious, [injury.
HAZ'ARD-OUS-LY, ad. With danger of loss or
HAZE, n. Fog ; mist ; vapour in the air.
HAZE, t?. i. To be thick with mist, &c. ; v. t. to
urge, drive, or harass with labour.
HA'ZBL (ha'zl), n. A shrub bearing a nut ; a. like
a hazel-nut ; brown. [hazel.
HA'ZBL-NOT (ha'zl-), n. The nut or fruit of the
HA'ZY, a. Thick with vapour or mist, but not so
damp as foggy ; cloudy.
HE, pron. of the third person, masculine gender,
referring to some man or male beforenamed, &c.
HEAD (hed), n. The upper part of the body;
countenance; understanding; topic; a chief ; an
individual ; top or height ; front or forepart ;
source or origin ; ornamental figure on a ship's
stem.
HEAD (he'd), v. t. To lead; to lop ; to top ; to go
in front of; to oppose; v. i. to originate; to
spring or have its source ; to be directed; to form
a head.
HEAD'A-GHE (ligd'ake), n. Pain in the head.
HfiAD'-DRESS (h6d'-), n. The dress of the head.
HEAD'-GEAR, TJ. A dress for women's heads.
HEAD'I-NESS (hed'e-ness), n. Rashness; precipi-
tation ; obstinacy.
HEAD'ING (hed'ing), n. That which stands at the
head ; title ; timber for the heads of casks.
HEAD'LAND (hed'-), n. A promontory; land at
the end of furrows or near a fence unploughed.
HEAD'LESS (h^dless), a. Having no head; with-
out a leader.
HEAD'LONG, a. Rash ; precipitate ; ad. with the
head foremost ; rashly ; hastily.
HftAD'MAN (hed'man), n. A chief; a leader.
HE AD'PIEC K, n. Armour for the head ; a helmet ;
force of mind.
HEAD-QUARTERS (hSd-kwar'terz), n. pi. The
quarters of a chief commander, or places from
which orders issue.
HEAD'-SEA, n. Waves that meet at the head and
roll against the course of a ship.
HEAD'SHIP, n. Authority; chief place.
HEADS'MAN, n. An executioner.
HEAD'-SPRING, n. Fountain ; origin ; source.
H E AD'ST ^LL, n. Part of a bridle for the head.
HEAIXSTONE, n. The chief or corner stone ; the
stone at the head of a grave.
HEAU'STRONG (hSd'-), a. Bent on pursuing his
own way or will ; directed by or proceeding from
ungovernable obstinacy. SYN. Violent; obsti-
nate ; intractable ; stubborn ; venturesome.
HEAD'WAY (h6d'-), n. Motion of an advancing
ship ; progress.
HEAD'-WlND (Wd'-), n. A wind which blows in
an opposite direction to the ship's course.
HEAD'Y (hed'y), a. Rash; hasty; stubborn; in-
flamed; violent.
HEAL, v. t. To cure ; to reconcile; to forgive ; to
purify ; v. i. to grow sound.
HEAL'A-BLE, a. That which may be healed.
HEALDS, n. pi. The harness for guiding the warp-
threads in a loom.
HEALTH (helth), n. Sound state of body ; sound
state of the mind or heart ; salvation or divine
favour.
HEALTH'FUL (helth'f ul) , a. Being in a sound
state ; free from disease ; salubrious ; well-dis-
posed ; promoting spiritual life.
HEALTH'H'UL-LY, ad. In a wholesome manner.
HEALTH'FiJL-NESS, n. State or quality of be-
ing healthy.
HEALTH'I-LY, ad. Without disease.
HEALTH'I-NESS, n. State of being in health.
vents or punishes trespasses of cattle. HEALTH'Y (Mlth'y), a. Being in a sound state ;
HAZ'ARD, n. Risk of loss ; danger; chance; aj conducive to health. SYN. Vigorous; sound;
game. See DANGER. ' hale ; well ; wholesome j salutary.
HEA
201
HED
DOVE, WOLF, BQQK; R^LE, BULL; Vl"CIOtIS
, n. A pile; crowd or throng; a mass of
ruins.
HEAP, v. t. To pile ; to amass ; to lay up ; to add to.
HEAR, v. t. To perceive by the ear ; to attend to ;
to obey; to try a cause; v. i. to enjoy the sense
of hearing ; to listen ; to be told ; to receive by
report.
HEARD (herd), pret. and pp. from HEAR.
HEAR'ER, n. One who hears ; an auditor.
HEAR'ING, n. The sense of perceiving sounds;
attention to what is delivered within reach of the
ear or what it can hear ; judicial trial.
HEAEK'BN (har'kn), v. i. To listen ; to give heed;
to obey.
HEAR'SAY, n. Report ; rumour.
HEARSE (herse, 13), n, A carriage for conveying
the dead.
HfiARSE'LOTH, n. A cloth to cover the hearse
or .coffin.
HEART (hart), n. The organ of the blood's mo-
tion ; the chief part ; inner part ; seat of the af-
fections ; courage ; disposition ; secret purposes ;
thoughts ; conscience ; affections ; strength ; in
composition, used to signify chief, or relating to
mind or affections.
HEAHT'AHE (hart'ake), n. Deep sorrow; grief;
anguish of mind.
HEART'-BRO-KEN (-bro-kn), a. Most sorrowful;
smitten with anguish.
HEART'-B0RN, n. A disease of the stomach.
HEART'-BCTRN-ING, n. Discontent; secret en-
rnity.
HEART'EN, v. t. To encourage ; to incite ; to re-
store strength to.
HEART'-FELT, a. Affecting the heart; sincere;
deeply affecting.
HEARTH (harth), n. Place on which a fire is made ;
fireside home. [The pronunciation liurth is
wholly without authority.]
EtEARTH'-STONE, n. Stone forming the hearth ;
fireside.
HEART'I-LY (hart'e-ly), ad. From the heart ; sin-
cerely.
HEART'I-NESS (hart'-), n. Sincerity; earnest-
ness.
HEARTLESS (hart'-), a. Spiritless; void of cour-
age or affection.
HEA' T'LESS-LY (hart'-), ad. "Without courage
or spirit.
HEART'LESS-NESS thart'-), n. Want of courage
or spirit ; destitution of feeling or affection.
HE ART'-R END-ING (hart'-), a. Overpowering
with angaush.
HEART'-SEARCH-ING (hart'serch-ing), a. Search-
ing the secret thoughts and purposes.
HEART'-SiCK, a. Pained or depressed in mind ;
deeply afflicted.
HEART'-SICK'EN-ING, a. Causing poignant sor-
row; depressing.
HEART'SOME, a. Cheerful ; lively.
HEART'-STRING, n. Tendon of the heart.
HEART'-WHOLE (hart'-hole), a. Sound; not
br9ken -hearted.
HEART'Y (hart'y), a. Having the heart engaged ;
proceeding from the heart; full of health or
strength. SYN. Cordial; sincere. Hearty im-
plies honesty and simplicity of feelings and man-
ners ; cordial refers to the warmth and liveliness
with which the feelings are expressed; sincere im-
plies that this expression corresponds to the real
sentiments of the heart. A man should be hearty
in his attachment to his friends, cordial in his re-
ception of them to his house, and sincere in his
offers to assist them.
HEAT, n. Caloric, or the cause of the sensation
of heat ; tbe sensation produced by the access of
caloric to the organs of the body ; hot air or wea-
ther ; effort ; ardour ; vehemence.
HEAT, v. t. To make hot ; to inflame ; to excite :
v. i. to grow warm or hot ; to be excited.
HEAT'ER, n. A thing that heats ; a utensil of iron,
heated and enclosed in a box, to maintain heat.
as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; IHIST.
HEATH, n. A shrub; a place overgrown with
heath or shrubs.
HEA'THEN (53) (he'thn), n. A pagan ; a gentile;
one who has not revelation ; a. gentile ; pap-an.
HEA'THEN-D6M (he'thn-dum), n. That part of
the world where heathenism prevails.
HEA'THEN-ISH (hethn-), o. Like heathens;
rude ; illiterate.
HEA'THEN-ISM (he'thn-), n. Paganism; rude-
ness ; ignorance of the true God ; idolatry.
HEATH'ER (heth'er), n. Heath.
HEATH'ER-BELLS, n. pi. The blossoms of the
heather.
HEATH'Y, o. Abounding with heath.
HEAT'ING, a. Imparting or promoting heat ; n.
state of being heated ; the act of producing heat.
HEA.VE (heev), v. i. \j)rct. HEAVED or HOVE; pp.
HEAVED or HOVEN.] To lift ; to swell ; to pant ; to
cast ; to vomit ; v. t. to cause to swell ; to lift ; to
raise by a windlass.
HEAVE, n. A rising; swell ; distension of the
breast ; exertion of effort upward.
HEAVEN (hev'n), n. The aerial heavens; the
starry heavens ; and the heaven of heavens, or the
third heaven, the residence of Jehovah ; the region
of the air; expanse above; place of the blessed;
the Supreme Power; God in heaven; heathen
deities ; sublimity ; supreme felicity.
HEAV'^N-LY (hev'n-), a. Pertaining to heaven ;
resembling heaven ; inhabiting heaven. SYN. Ce-
lestial ; godlike ; angelic ; spiritual ; blissful.
HEAVEN- WARD, ad. Toward heaven.
HEAVE'-OF'FER-ING, n. Among the Jews, an
offering made to God, by elevating toward Him.
HEAVED (heevz), n. A disease of horses, marked
by difficult breathing.
HfiAV'I-LY (hSv'e-ly), ad. With great weight;
grievously ; slowly.
HEAV'I-NESS, TO. Weight; affliction; dulness;
thickness ; deepness ; foulness.
HEAVY (htiv'y), a. Weighty; grievous; dull;
slow ; dense ; turbid ; clammy ; violent.
HEB-DOM'A-DAL, {a. Weekly; occurring every
HEB-DOM'A-DA-RY, f week.
HEB-DO-MAT'I-AL, a. Weekly.
HEB'E-TATE, v. t. To blunt; to make dull; to
stupefy.
HEB'E-TCDE, n. Bluntness; dulness; stupi-
dity.
HE-BRA'I, a. Pertaining to the Hebrews.
HE'BRA-1M, n. A Hebrew idiom or speech.
HE'BRA-IST, n. One versed in the Hebrew lan-
guage.
HE-BRA-lST'I, a. Pertaining to Hebrew.
HE'BREW, n. A Jew; the language of the Jews;
a. relating to the Jews.
HE-BRID'I-AN, ad. Pertaining to the Western
isles, or Hebrides.
HE'A-TOMB (-toorn), n. A sacrifice of a hundred
oxen, or of a large number of victims.
HEC'TARE, n. A French measure of 100 ares, or
nearly two and a half acres.
HE!'TI, a. Habitual ; noting a slow, continued
fever, &c. ; n. an habitual fever, preceding or at-
tending consumption.
HETO-GRAM, \n. A French weight of 100
HEC'TO-GRAMHE, $ grammes, or about three and
a half ounces avoirdupois.
HE-TOL'I-TER,> n. A French measure of 100
HEC'TO-LI-TRE, { litres, or a little more than 22
English imperial gallons.
HE-TOM'E-TER, \n. A French linear measure
HEC'TO-ME-TRE, 5 of 100 metres, or over 328
English feet.
HE'TOR, n. A bully ; one that teases ; v. t. to
threaten ; to tease ; v. i. to play the bully ; to
bluster.
HE-C'TOR-ING, a. Bullying ; blustering ; vexing.
HED'DLES (hed'dlz), n. The harness for guiding
the warp in a loom.
HEDiJE (hej), n. A thicket of shrubs and trees ; a
fence.
HED
202
HEM
I, E, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
HEDGE, v. t. To make a hedge ; to enclose ; to
fence; to protect; v. i. to skulk ; to bet on both
sides.
HEDGE'HOG, TI, A quadruped covered with
prickles.
HEDG'ER, n. One that makes hedges.
HEDGE'EOW, n. A series of shrubs for a fence.
HEED, n. Care ; attention ; caution.
HEED, v. t. To mind; to regard; to observe; t'. i.
to mind ; to consider.
HEED'FUL, a. Attentive ; watchful ; catitious.
HEED'FUL-LY, ad. With caution ; carefully.
HEED'FUL-NESS, n. Care to guard against dan-
ger ; circumspection ; vigilance.
HEED'LESS, o. Careless ; negligent ; thought-
less.
HEEDT.ESS-LY, ad. Carelessly; negligently; in-
attentively.
HEED'LESS-NESS, n. Thoughtlessness.
HEEL, n. The hind part of the foot or of a stock-
ing ; something shaped like a heel ; the latter
part, as of a session ; lower end of a stern-post, or
mast.
HEEL, v. i. To dance ; to lean ; to incline; to add
a piece to the heel.
HEELTIECE, n. Armour for the heel ; piece of
leather on the heel of a shoe.
HEEL'TAP, n. A piece of leather added to the
heel of a shoe ; the liquor left in a glass after
drinking.
HEEL'TAP, v. t. To add leather to the heel; to
j>ut a spur on a cock's leg.
HEFT, n. "Weight ; ponderousness ; a handle ; a
shaft.
HE FT, v. t. To try the weight of any thing by
lifting.
HE-G1'RA, . The flight of Mohammed from
Mecca, July 16, A.D. 622, from which the Moham-
medans reckon their era.
HEIF'ER (hgfer), n. A young cow.
HEIGH'HO (hl'ho), int. An expression of slight
languor or uneasiness.
HEIGHT Chite), n. Elevation ; altitude ; highness ;
any elevated ground ; excellence ; eminence ;
utmost degree ; crisis.
HEIGHTEN (hi'tn), v. t. To raise higher ; to ad-
vance in progress to a better state ; in painting,
to make prominent by touches of light or brilliant
colours, as opposed to shades.
HEIN'OUS (ha'nus), a. Characterised by great
wickedness. SYN. Hateful; enormous; atrocious;
flagrant ; flagitious.
HEIN'OUS-NESS (ha'nus-), n. Enormity; odious-
ness.
HEIR (are, 12), n. He who inherits by law ; v. t. to
inherit.
HEIR-AP-PAR'ENT, n. He who is entitled to
ascend the throne on the death of the sovereign.
HEIR/D6M (are'dum), n. Succession by inherit-
ance.
HEIR'ESS (ar'ess), n. A woman who inherits by
law ; a female heir.
HEIR'-LOOM (are'-loom), n. Any furniture or mov-
able which decends to the heir with the house.
HEIR-PRE-SOMPTlVE, n. One who, if the an-
cestor should die immediately, would be heir.
HElR'SHIP (are-ship), n. State, character, or priv-
ileges of an heir ; right of inheritance.
HE'LI-A-C, ") a. Emerging from or passing in-
HE-LI'AC-AL, j to the light of the sun.
HL'I-AL, a. Spiral ; winding ; moving around.
HEL'I-^ON, ,. A mountain in Breotia, in Greece,
from which flowed a fountain, and where resided
the Muses.
HE-LI-O-CEN'TRI, a. Noting the position of a
heavenly body seen from the sun.
HE-LI-OG'RA-PHY, n. Sun-painting ; photo-
HE-LI-OL'A-TEY, n. The worship of the sun.
HE-LI-OM'E-TEE, n. A divided object-glass or
micrometer for measuring the apparent diameter
of the sun or other celestial bodies.
FALL, WHA.T; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
HE'LI-O-STAT, n. An instrument used in optical
experiments to fix the position of the solar rays.
HE'Ll-O-TEOPE, n. The sun-flower ; also a mine-
ral of the quartz kind ; blood-stone.
HE-LI-SPHEE'I-AL, a. Winding spirally round
a sphere; noting a rhomb line.
HE'LIX, n. ; pi. HEL'I-CES. A spiral line ; a wind-
ing ; a coil of wire in maguetico-electric experi-
ments ; the reflected margin of the external ear.
HELL, n. The place of the damned; the grave;
the place of departed spirits ; the infernal powers ;
a prison ; a gambling-house.
HEL'LE-BOEE, n. The name of several poisonous
plants ; the Christmas rose.
HEL-LEN'LG ' I " Pertaini 11 !? to Greece.
HEL'LEN-ISM, n. A Greek phrase or idiom.
HEL'LEN-IST, n. A Jew who used the Greek
HEL'LEN-IZE, v. i. To use the Greek language.
HELL'-HOUND, n. An agent of heU.
HELL'ISH, a. Infernal; malignant ; detestable ;
most wicked.
HELL'ISH -LY, act. With extreme malignity; as
if from hell.
HELL'ISH-NESS, n. Infernal disposition or wick-
edness ; the state or qualities of hell or its in-
habitants.
HELM, n. A helmet ; instrument at the stern-
post for steering a ship ; rudder ; station of go-
vernment or place of direction.
[ELM, v. t. To cover with a helmet ; to guide.
HELM'ET, n. Armour for the head ; a head-piece ;
the part of a coat of arms that bears the crest.
HELM'S'-MAN, n. The man at the helm; one
who guides or directs.
HE'LOT, n. A slave in ancient Sparta.
HE'LOT-ISM, n. The slavery of the Helots.
HELP, v. t. To aid ; to assist ; to heal ; to supply ;
to prevent.
HELP, v. i. To lend aid ; to contribute means.
HfiLP, n. Aid ; assistance ; .support ; relief; a ser-
vant ; ('America .)
HELP'EE, n. One who yields assistance.
HELP FUL, a. Affording aid ; assisting to pro-
mote an object. SYN. Auxiliary; assistant; use-
ful ; salutary ; wholesome.
HELP'FUL-NESS, n. Assistance ; usefulness.
HELP'LESS, a. Destitute of help or means of re-
lief ; wanting in strength or ability.
HELP'LESS-NESS, n. Destitution of strength.
HELP'MATE. n. A companion ; a helper. (Pro-
perly, HELP'MEET.)
HEL'TER-SKELTEJi, ad. In a state of hurry and
confusion.
HELVE, n. Handle of an axe or hatchet.
HELVE, v. t. To furnish with a handle.
HEL-VET'I, a. Pertaining to the Swiss.
HEM, n. The border of a garment doubled and
sewed to strengthen it ; sound of the voice in the
word hem.
HEM, v. t. To fold and sew down the edge of cloth ;
to edge ; to confine.
HEM, v. i. To make the sound of the word hem.
HEM'A-TITE, n. A common ore of iron, being a
native oxide.
HEM'I, in compound words, signifies half.
H EM'I-PLE-GY, n. Palsy on one side of the body.
HE-MIP'TEE-AL, a. Having elytra half mem-
branous and half coriaceous.
HEM'I-SPHEEE (h&m'e-sfere), n. The half of a
sphere.
HEM-I-SPHE'I, >a. Being or containing
HEM-I-SPHEE'I-AL, j half a sphere.
HEM'1-STIH (hem'e-stik), n. Half a verse, or a
yerse not completed.
HEM'I-TONE, n. A half tone ; a semitone.
HEM'LOCK, n. A poisonous plant ; a species of
evergreen of the fir kind; (North America.)
HE-MOP'TY-SIS, n. A spitting of blood.
HEM'OE-EHAOE (h5m'or-raj;, n. A flowing of
blood from a ruptured vessel, &c.
HEM:
203
HER
WOLF, BO(?K ; R^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS. -6 OS K J 6 as J ; S OS Z ; CH as SH J SHIS.
HEX-OR-RHOID'AL, a. Consisting of a flux of
blood; pertaining to hemorrhoids.
HEM'OR-RHOIDS (hem'or-roidz), n. The piles;
emerods.
HEMP, n. A plant whose rind is used for cloth
and ropes ; dressed fibres of the plant.
HfiW.'.EN (h&m'pn), a. Made of hemp.
1 1 ~'^W, 7i. The female of any kind of birds, especi
fP.ry of the domestic fowl.
HW^ 'BANE, n. A poisonous plant ; Jiyoscyamus.
HENCE, ad. From this place or time; from this
cause or source.
HENCE'-FORTH, ad. From this time forth.
HENCE-FOR'WARD, ad. From this time forward.
X CH'MAN, n. A servant ; a page.
HEN-D!'A-GON, n. In geometry, a figure of
eleven sides and angles.
HEN-DI'A-DYS, n. In grammar, a figure by
which the same idea is expressed by two different
words or phrases.
HN'-HEART-ED, a. Timorous; cowardly.
HENTSTA, n. A tropical shrub ; the paste from it,
used for staining the nails, beard, &c.
HEN'-PECKED (-p5kt), a. Governed by the wife.
HE-PA r TI, a. Pertaining to the liver.
HEP-A-TI-ZA'TION, n. Conversion of the lungs
into a liver-like substance.
HEPTADE, 11. The sum or number of seven.
HEP'TA-GLOT, n. A book of seven languages.
HfiP'TA-GON, u. A figure of seven sides and an-
gles ; a place that has seven bastions.
HEP-TAG'ON-AL, a. Having seven sides and an-
gles.
HEP-TANG'GTJ-LAR (hep-tang'gu-lar), a. Having
seven angles.
HEP'TAR H -Y, n. Government of seven kings.
HER (13), pronoun in the objective case, third per-
son, feminine ; adjecth-ely, belonging to a female.
HER'ALD, n. An officer, anciently, to proclaim
war or peace ; one who regulates public ceremo-
nies, &c. ; a register of genealogies ; a harbinger ;
forerunner ; a publisher, as of another's fame.
HER'ALD, v. t. To introduce as by a herald.
HE-RAL'DI, a. Pertaining to heraldry.
HER'ALD-RY, 71. The art or practice of recording
genealogies, and blazoning armsj
HER'ALD-SHIP, 7i. The office of a herald.
HERB (herb), n. A plant with a succulent stalk,
which dies to the root yearly.
HER-BA'CEOUS (her-ba'shus), a. Like or relating
to an herb ; soft ; perishing yearly.
HERB'AGE (erb'aje or herb'aje), n. Herbs collec-
tively ; grass ; pasture.
HfiRB'AL, 7i. A book on plants ; collection ot speci
meiis of plants dried ; o. relating to herbs.
HfiRB'AL-IST, 7i. One skilled in herbs ; one who
makes collections of plants.
HER-BA'RI-UM, n. ; pi. HER-BA'RI-OIS or HER-
BA'RI-A. A collection of dried plants ; a oook used
for this purpose.
HER-BES'CEISTT, a. Growing into herbs.
HER-BlF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing herbs.
HER-BIVO-KOUS, a. Subsisting on herbage
HERB'LESS, a. Destitute of herbs.
HER'BO-RIZE, v. i. To seek for plants ; to bo
tanize.
HERB'OTJS, o. Abounding with herhs.
HfiRB'Y, a. Having the nature of herbs.
HER-eC'LE-AN, 7i. Like H ercules ; very strong,
great, or difficult; of extraordinary strength,
size, or force. [crowd.
HERD (13), 71. A collection of beasts; a vul-ar
HERD, v. i. To gather in herds, as beasts; to as-
sociate in companies.
HERD, v. t. To form or put into a herd.
HERD'S-GRASS, 7i. Name given to various
grasses much prized for hay, as timothy, fox-
tail, &c.
HEEDS MAN, n. The keeper of a herd.
HERE, ad. In this place or state.
HERE-A-BOUT', ") ad. About or near this
HERE-A-BOUTS', > place.
HERE-AFTER, ad. In after time.
HERE-AT', ad. At this time ; on this account.
IlEHE-BY', ad. By this.
HE-RED'I-TA-BLE, a. That may be inherited.
HER-E-DlT'A-MENT, n. Any property that cai
be inherited..
HE-RE D'I-TA -RI-LY, ad. By way of inheritance
HE-RED'I-TA-RY, a. Descending by inheritance.
HERE-lN', ad. In this.
IlERE-GF' (here-5ff'J, ad. Of this ; from this.
', } ad ' On or upon this.
HE-R'SI-ARH or HR'E-SI-AR H, n. A leaclei
in heresy ; chief of a sect of heretics.
HER'E-SY, n. Error in fundamental doctrines.
HR'E-Tre, 7i. One who departs from the funds
mental doctrines of Christianity. SYN. Schis-
matic; sectarian. A heretic is one whose errors
are doctrinal, and usually of a malignant charac -
ter, tending to subvert the true faith. A scliisma
tic is one who creates a schism or division in th e
Church on points of faith, discipline, practice,
&c., usually for the sake of personal aggrandize-
ment. A sectarian is one who originates or pro-
motes a sect or distinct organization which sepa-
rates from the main body of believers. Hence
the expression, " a sector ian spirit," has a slightlj
bad sense, which does not attach to denomina-
tional.
HE-RET'I-GAL, a. Containing heresy.
HERluN-TO',} * To or to tUs ' Lmerlv.
HERE-TO-FORE', ad. In time antecedent ; for-
HERE-WlTH', ad. With this ; at the same time.
HER'IT-A-BLE, a. That may be inherited.
HER'IT-AGE, 7i. Inheritance; the people of God.
HER-MAPH'RO-DISM,
Union, apparent or
, \n.
HER-MAPH'RO-DIT-I$M 8 j real, of the charac-
teristics of both sexes in one person, animal, or
plant.
HER-MAPH'RO-DlTE (her-maf-), n. A person,
animal, or plant of both sexes ; a vessel square-
rigged forward, and schooner-rigged aft.
HER-ME-NEC'TI (-nu'tik), "> a. Interpreting: ex-
HER-ME-Ni:CTI-AJQ, J plaining.
HER-ME-NECTreS, n. pi. The art or science of
interpretation, especially of the Scriptures.
ER-METI^, 1 a. Designating chemistry j
HER-MET'I-AL, $ perfectly close.
HER-METKNAL-LY, ad. Closely ; accurately.
HER'MIT (13), n. One who lives in solitude; a
recluse.
HER'MIT- AGE, n. A hermit's dwelling.
HER'MIT-ESS, 71. A female hermit.
UER'NI-A, n. fir.] A rupture or protusion of any
organ from its natural position in the body.
HKK'XI-AL, a. Pertaining to hernia.
HE'RO, 71. ; pi. HE'ROES. A brave man ; a great
warrior ; principal personage in a poem, &c.
HE-RO'I-e, 1 a. Becoming a hero ; relating to
HE-ROTG-AL, j a hero ; productive of heroes ;
reciting exploits of heroes. STN. Brave ; intrepid;
valiant ; hold ; gallant ; fearless ; noble.
HE-RO'I-AL-LY, ad. Bravely ; intrepidly.
HER'O-lNE (hcr'o-in), n. A female hero.
HER'0-ISM, 71. The spirit and conduct of a hero.
SYN. Courage; fortitude; bravery; valour; in-
trepidity; gallantry. Courage is generic, denot-
ing fearlessness of danger ; fortitude is pas-
sive courage, the habit of bearing up nobly under
trials, dangers, and sufferings ; bravery and valour
are courage in battle or other conflicts with living
opponents; intrepidity is firm courage, which
shrinks not amid the most appalling dangers ; gal-
lantry is adventurous courage, dashing into the
thickest of the fight. Heroism may call into exer-
cise all these modifications of courage.
HER'ON, n. A long-legged and long-necked fowl
that feeds on fish.
HR'ON-RY, 71. A place where herons breed.
HE'RO-WOR-SHIP, n. Reverence or idolatry of
heroes.
HER
204
HIG
1, 1, &c., long. I, , &c. f short. ciRE, FAB, LAST,
HEE'PES (her'pez), n. Tetters ; an eruption of the
skin ; erysipelas ; ring-worm.
HEE-PET'I, a. Pertaining to the herpes.
HEE-PE-TOL'O-GY, n. A description of reptiles.
HEE'RING, n. A. small sea-fish, usually salted and
smoked.
HEE'SCHEL (her'shel), n. A planet discovered in
1781 by Dr. Herschel. See URANUS.
HEESE, n. A portcullis. See also HEARSE.
HEE-SELF' (her 'self'), pron. The female in per-
son.
HJES'I-TAN-CY (h5z'e-tan-sy), n. Pausing; doubt-
IIES'i-TATE (hSz'e-tate), v. i. To pause in doubt;
to be in suspense ; to stop in speaking. SYN. To
waver ; scruple ; deliberate ; falter ; delay.
HES-I-TA'TION (hez-e-ta'shun), n. A pausing or
delay ; doubt ; a stopping in speech.
HES-PE'EI-AN, a. Western; being in the west.
HES'SIAN-FLY, n. A small, very black, two-
winged fly, most destructive to young wheat, so
called as supposed to have been introduced by
the Hessian troops.
HET-EE-0-ClE'!AL, a. Having the upper lobe of
the tail more largely developed than the lower.
HET'EE-O-!LITE, n. An irregular word; any
thing or person deviating from ordinary forms or
rule.
HET-EE-O-LtT'I, a. Irregular; anomalous.
HBT'ER-O-DOX, o. Contrary to the Scriptures.
HET'EE-O-DOX-Y, n. Heresy ; doctrine contrary
to the true faith or to an established church.
HET-EE-O-GE'NE-OTJS, a. Of a different nature.
HET-EE-O-GE'NE-OUS-NESS, n. Difference of
nature.
HET-ER-O-PATH'KJ, n. The art of curing, by
which one morbid condition is removed by in-
ducing a different one.
HET'MAN, n. A Cossack commander-in-chief.
HET-ER-OS'CIANS, n. People whose shadows
fall only in one direction.
HEW (hu), v. t. [pret. HEWED; pp. HKWED,
HEWN.] To cut off chips and pieces for making
a smooth surface ; to chop; to cut ; to cut with a
chisel; to make smooth, as stone; to shape out.
HE WEE (hu'er), 71. Ona who hews wood or stone.
HEX'A-GON, n. A figure with six sides and
angles.
HEX-AG'O-NAL, a. Having six sides and angles.
HEX-A-H'DEAL, o. Of the figure of a hexa-
hedron.
HEX-A-HE'DEON, n. A regular solid body of six
equal sides ; a cube.
HEX-AM'E-TEE, n. A poetic verse of six feet ; o.
consisting of six metrical feet. [angles.
HEX-ANG'GU-LAE (-ang'gu-lar), a. Having six
HEX'A-PLA, n. A collection of the Holy Scrip-
tures in six languages.
HEX'A-PLAE, a. Sextuple; having six columns.
HEY (ha), ex. of joy or exultation.
HEY'DAY (ha'daj, ex. denoting surprise.
HEY'DAY, n. Frolic ; merry or bright day.
HI-A'TUS, n. A chasm ; aperture ; defect ; gap.
HI-BEE'NAL, o. Pertaining to winter.
Hl'BER-NATE, v. i. To winter ; to pass the win-
ter in seclusion, and sleep.
HI-BEH-NA'TION, n. The passing of animals
through the winter, being with many a lethargic
state.
H I-BEE'N I- AN, n. A native of Ireland.
HI-BEE'NI-CISM, n. An idiom peculiar to the
Irish.
Hl6'OUGH (hfltTnip), n. A spasmodic affection
of the stomach ; corruptly Mckup.
Hl-6'COUGII, v. i. To have a spasmodic affection
of the stomach.
HlCK'O-EY, n. A nut-tree ; a species of walnut.
Hl-DAL'GO, n. In Spain, a nobleman of the lowest
class.
HID, \a. Not seen or known; dif-
UlD'DEN (Md'dn), j ficult to be known. SYN.
Secret; covert. Hidden may denote either
FALL WHAT ; THjftRE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; HoVS,
" known to no one," as a hidden disease, or " in-
tentionally concealed," as a hidden purpose of re-
venge. A secret must be known to some one, but
only to the party or parties concerned, as a secret
conspiracy. Covert (covered) means not open or
avowed, as a covert plan ; the word, however, is
often applied to what we mean to be understood
without openly expressing it, as a covert allusion.
Secret is opposed to known, and hidden to concealed.
HlD'DEN-LY (hid'dn-ly), ad. In a secret manner.
HIDE, v. t. [pret. HID; pp. HID, HIDDEN.] To
withhold or withdraw from sight ; to keep close
in secret or in safety. SYN. To conceal ; secrete ;
cover ; screen ; shelter ; protect ; v. i. to lie con-
cealed ; to keep out of sight.
HIDE, n. The skin of a beast ; portion of land.
HIDE AND SEEK, n. A play of children where
some hide and one finds.
HTDE'-BOUND, a. Having the skin too tight.
IllD'E-OUS, a. Shocking to the eye or ear; ex-
citing terror or producing disgust. SYN. Fright-
ful ; horrid ; terrible ; ghastly ; grim ; grizzly.
HlD'E-OUS-LY, ad. Horribly; frightfully.
HlD'E-OTJS-NESS, n. State or quality of being
frightful
HID ING, n. Withdrawment ; concealment ; with-
holding; a beating.
HIE (hi), v. i. To hasten ; to move with speed.
HI E-EARH, n. One who rules in sacred things.
HI-E-RAEH'AL, ")a. Pertaining to a sacred
HI-E-EARH'I-AL, $ order or hierarchy.
Hl'E-EAEH-Y (hi'e-rark-y), n. Eule or dominion
in sacred things ; the body of persons having
ecclesiastical authority ; order of celestial beings.
H1-E-EAT'I, a. Pertaining to priests ; noting an
Egyptian mode of writing, being a conversion of
hieroglyphics into a kind of running-hand for the
priests.
HI-EE-0'EA-CY, n. The government of ecclesi-
astics.
HI'E-EO-GLYPH, ) n. A sacred character or
Hl-E-EO-GLYPil'I0, j symbol inaiicient writings;
pictures to express historical facts.
Hl-E-EO-GLFPH'ie, \a. Expressive of mean-
HI E-EO-GLYPH'IC-AL, ) ing by characters, pic-
tures, or figures.
HI-K-EOG'LYPH-IST, n. A person skilled in hie-
roglyphics.
HI'E-EO-GEAM. n. A species of sacred writing.
HI-E-EO-GEAPH'I, } a. Pertaining to sacred
HI-E-EO-GEAPH'IO-AL.f writings.
HI'E EO-MAN-CY, n. Divination by various sacri-
ficial offerings.
Hl-EE'O-PHANT or Hl'E-EO-PHANT, n. A priest;
one who teaches the mysteries of religion.
HlG'GLE, v. i. To cry from door to door; to
chaffer ; to stick at a bargain.
HlG'GLE-DY-PlG'GLE-DY, ad. A vulgar term
xor all in confusion.
HlG'OLEE, n. One who cries provisions; a chaf-
ferer.
HIGH (hi), a. Elevated; lofty; exalted; noble;
mighty ; strong ; vivid ; violent ; dear ; difficult ;
loud ; full ; far advanced ; extreme.
HIGH, ad. Aloft; eminently; greatly.
HIGH-BLOWN, a. Full of wind; inflated.
HlGH'-BOEN, a. Of noble birth or lineage.
HIGH'-CHOECH, a. An epithet to denote those in
the Church, especially the Episcopal, who deny
the validity of the ministry of others.
IIIGH'-CHCECH'ISM, n. The principles of the
High-church party.
HlGH'-CHtfECH'MAN, . One who holds High-
church principles.
HIGU'-FLI-EE (hi'-), n. One of extravagant
opinions or actions.
IlGn'-FLOWN (hi-'), a. Elevated; lofty; proud j
turgid.
IlGH'-LAND (hi'-), n. A mountainous country.
HlGH'LAND-EE (hi'-), n. A mountaineer.
HIGH1,Y (hi 7 -), ad. With elevation; in much esteem;
in a great degree ; proudly, &c.
HIG
205
HOA
X)6VE, WQLF, BQOK ; R^LE, B]TLL 5 V3"CIOTJS
HIQTI'-MASS (hi'-), n. The mass read before the
hitjh -altar on Sundays and great occasions.
HIGH'-MIND-ED (hi'-), a. Proud; arrogant; also
having honourable pride ; not mean ; noble.
IlIGH'-NESS (hi'-), n. Height; altitude; dignity
of rank ; title of honour.
IIIGH'-PRESS-UEE, n. Pressure in a steam-en-
gine exceeding that of a single atmosphere, or 15
Ibs. to a square inch.
HIGU'-PEIEST (hl'-preest), n. The chief priest, as
among the Jews.
HIGI1T. See HEIGHT.
H IG H'-WA'TER, n. The greatest elevation of tide ;
the time'the tide is highest.
HIGH-WATER-MAEK, n. The line made on the
shore by the highest tide.
IllGH'WAY (hi'-), n. A public road; course; train
of action.
HIGH'W AY-MAN (hi'-), n. A robber on the road.
HlGH'-WEOUGHT (hl'raut), a. Highly finished;
wrought with exquisite skill; strained or exag-
gerated.
Hl-LA'RI-OUS, o Mirthful; merry.
HI-LAE'I-TY, 71. A pleasurable excitement of
the animal spirits. SYN. Mirth ; joyousness ;
jollity ; joviality ; gaiety ; glee.
HlLL, n. A natural elevation of landless than a
mountain ; heap about maize ; an eminence, &c.
HILL, v. t. To draw earth round plants.
H ILL'OCK, n. A small elevation of land.
H 1LL% a. Abounding with hills.
HILT, 71. The handle of any thing, as a sword.
HIM-SELF', pron. He or him emphatical, in the
nominative or objective case. [quarts.
HlN, n. A Hebrew liquid measure of about five
HIND, a. Pertaining to the part which follows.
HIND, 7i. Female of the red deer ; a rustic.
HIND'EE, a. Comp. of HIND. Contrary to the
head or fore part.
HlND'ER, v. t. To keep back ; to prevent pro-
gress; to stand in the way of; v. i. to interpose
obstacles. SYN. To stop; interrupt; counter-
act ; thwart ; oppose ; check ; retard ; impede ;
delay.
HlN'DEE-ANCE, ) 71. Act of impeding or restrain-
ts IN'DEANCE, $ ing motion ; that which stops
advance.
HIND'MOST, > a. That is last or behind all
HIND'EE-MOST, j others.
HINDU ' } n - A native of Hindostan -
HlN'DOO-ISM, ) n. The system of religion, doc-
HlN'DU-ISM, ) trines, and rites among the Hin-
doos.
IIIN-DOO-STAN'EE, a. A term applied to the
Hindoos or to their language.
HINGE, n. The joint on which a door hangs ; that
on which any thing depends or turns ; to be off
the hinges is to be in a state of disorder.
HINGE, v. t. To hang; to rest; to depend; to
turn, as on a hinge ; v. t. to furnish with hinges.
HINT, v. t. To bring to mind by a slight mention
or remote allusion ; v. i. to make a remote allu-
sion to ; to mention slightly. SYN. To suggest ;
imply; insinuate; refer; allude; touch.
HINT, 71. A distant allusion; slight intimation;
suggestion. Ste INTIMATIOK.
HlP, n. Joint of the thigh; low spirits; fruit of
the dog-rose tree ; r. t. to sprain the hip ; to de-
press.
HlP-PO-AM'PUS, n. A small marine animal ; the
sea-horse; convulsion of the brain.
HIP-PO-CENTAUE, n. A fabled monster, half
man and half horse.
HlP'PO-DEOME, n. A circus for horse-races, &c.
HIP'PO-GEIFF, n. A fabulous monster, half horse
and half griffin.
HIP-POPH'A-GOUS (-pof-), o. Feeding on horses.
HIP-PO-POT'A-MUS, n. The sea or river-horse.
HIP'-SHOT, a. Having the hip dislocated.
HIRE, v. t. To procure for temporary use at a
price ; to engage in service ; to bribe ; to let out.
-e as E ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ;
HIRE, n. The price or reward contracted to be paid
for use or service. SYN. "Wages ; price ; compen-
sation ; salary ; stipend ; allowance ; pay.
HIRE'LING, n. One that is hired; a mercenary;
a. serving for wages ; employed for money ; mer-
cenary.
HlR'ER, n. One who hires.
HlR-SOTE' (hur-sute'), a. Hairy; shaggy ; set with
bristles.
HlR-SCTE'NESS, n. State of being hairy; hairi-
ness.
HlS'PID, a. Beset with bristles ; rough.
HISS, v. i. To make a sibilant sound, like a serpent
or goose; to express contempt; to whiz, as an
arrow in passing ; v. t. to condemn by hissing ; to
explode.
HISS, n. A sibilant noise, like that of a serpent ;
an expression of contempt used at theatres, &c.
HlSS'ING, n. A sibilant sound ; expression of con-
tempt ; occasion of contempt ; object of scorn.
HIST, ex. Equivalent to hush ; be silent.
HIS'TOL-0'GY, n. The science of the animal
tissues.
HIS-TO'RI-AN, n. A writer or compiler of history.
HIS-TOE'I, ) a. Pertaining to history ; con-
HIS-TOR'I-AL, $ taining history ; derived from
history ; representing history.
HIS-TOR'I-e-AL-LY, ad. By way of history or nar-
ration.
HIS-TORTG-AL PAINT'ING, n. That highest
branch of the art which can embody a story in
one picture, and give it the charm of poetry.
HIS-TOE'I-AL SENSE, n. In interpretation, the
primary sense, deduced from a view of the time,
place, &c., of the writer.
HIS-TO-EI-OG'RA-PHER, n. A writer of history.
HIS-TO-RI-OG'RA-PHY, n. The art or employ-
ment of writing history.
HlS'TO-RY, n. ; pi. Hi&'TO-RiEs. A continuous
narrative of events ; an account of facts in the
order in which they happened. SYN. Chronicle ;
annals. History is a methodical record of the im-
portant events which concern a community of
men, so arranged usually as to show the connec-
tion of causes and effects. A chronicle is a record
of such events when it conforms to the order of
time as its distinctive feature. Annals are a
chronicle divided into distinct years.
HIS-TRI-ON'ie, ) o. Pertaining to stage-
HIS-TEI-ON'I-AL, ) players; theatrical.
HIT, v. t. [prt. and pp. HIT.] To strike or touch ;
to fall on ; to reach ; to suit ; v. i. to meet or come
in contact ; to clash ; not to miss ; to succeed.
HIT, n. Striking; a blow; a fortunate event;
striking expression or turn of 'thought.
HITCH, v. t. To catch ; to hook ; to tie ; v. i. to
move by jerks; to become entangled; to be
caught or hooked.
HITCH, 71. A knot; a noose; tie; a jerk, step, or
sudden halt in moving on.
HITHE, n. A small haven.
HITH'ER, ad. To this place; used with verbs
signifying motion.
HlTH'ER, a. Nearest; toward the speaker.
HlTH'EE-MOST, n. Nearest this way or place.
HlTH'ER-TO (-too), ad. To this time or place ; in
any time or every time till now. [way.
HITH'EE-WARD, ad. Toward this place; this
HIVE, n. A box or chest for bees to live in ; a
swarm of bees ; a society.
HIVE, v. t. To collect or cause to enter into a
hive ; v. i. to take shelter together ; to reside col-
lectively.
HIVES (hlvz), n.pl. The croup; a species of chick-
en-pox.
HOA } int ' (**) A caU to excite attention.
HOAR, \a. Gray; white or whitish; mouldy;
HOAR% ) mossy.
HOARD (horde), v. t. To collect and lay up ; t
amass ; to store secretly ; r. i. to collect and
form a hoard ; to lay up in store.
HOA
206
HOM
I, , &c., long. X, , &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
HOARD, n. A store or large quantity laid up.
HOAR'-FROST, TO. White particles of ice j frozen
vapours or dew ; white frost.
HOAR'HOUND, TO. A bitter plant, used as a tonic.
HOAR'I-NESS (hore'e-ness), n. Whiteness; a gray
colour.
HOARSE, a. Having a rough voice ; harsh.
HOARSE'LY, ad. With a hoarse, harsh voice.
HOARSE'NESS, n. State of being hoarse ; rough
ness of voice.
HOAR'Y (hore'y), a. White or whitish. See HOAR.
HOAX (hokes), n. Deception for sport; trick;
cheat.
HOAX, v. t. To deceive ; to play a trick upon for
sport.
HOB, n. Flat part of a grate where things are
placed to be kept warm ; a sprite ; a clown.
HOB'BLE, v. i. To walk lamely ; to limp.
HOB'BLE, n. A halting walk ; perplexity.
HOB'BLING-LY, ad. Lamely ; with halting.
HOB'BY, n. A horse ; a hawk ; a favourite object.
HOB'BY-HORSE, n. A wooden horse ; a favourite
object ; a stupid fellow.
HOB'GOB-LIN, n. A fairy ; a frightful apparition.
HOB'NAIL, n. A thick-headed nail for shoes.
HOB'NOB, ad. Take or not take ; a drinking call.
IIOB-0-MOK'KO, n. An Indian name for an evil
spirit.
HOB'SON' S-CHOICE, n. A choice with no alterna-
tive ; this or none ; take or want.
HOCK, n. The joint between the knee and fet-
lock ; a part of the thigh ; a sort of Rhenish wine.
"
TlAfTT "^
HOCK'LE, j * * To hamstrin & 5 to tough.
n, A game at ball, played with a club
curved at the bottom.
HO'US-PO'!US, n. A juggler or juggler's trick.
HOD, n. A bricklayer's tray for carrying mortar ;
a kind of pail for holding coal.
IIOD'D.EN-GRAY, a. Cloth made from undyed
wool. [-Scottish.]
HODGE'PODGE, ) n. A mixed mass ; a medley of
HOTCHTOTCH, $ ingredients ; a dish consistng
of a great variety of vegetables.
HO-DI-fiR'NAL, o. Belonging to the present day.
HOD'MAN, TO. , pi. HOD'MEN . A man who carries
mortar.
HOE (ho), n. A tool for cutting up weeds and
loosening the earth.
HOE (ho), v. t. To cut or dig with a hoe : to clear
from weeds ; v. i. to use a hoe.
HOG, TO. A swine ; a dirty fellow; a flat scrubbing-
broom to scrape a ship's bottom.
HOG, v. i. or v. t. To bend as a hog's back ; to
scrape tinder water ; to cut the hair short.
HOG'ER-EL, TO. A two-year old sheep ; a day of
exemption from labour.
HOG'GISH, a. Filthy; greedy; brutish.
HOGS'HEAD (hogz'hed), n. A measure of 63 gal-
lons ; applied often in America to a butt, which
contains from 110 to 120 gallons. [swine.
HOG'-SKIN, TO. Leather tanned from the skins of
HOG'STY, TO. A hog-pen.
HOI'DEN (hoi'dn), n. A rude, bold girl, of rustic
manners.
HCTDJ&N" (hoi'dn), a. Rude; bold; inelegant;
v. i. to romp indiscreetly.
HOIST, v. t. To raise ; to lift ; to heave up by a
tackle, &c. ; n. a lift ; act of raising; perpendicular
height of a flag or sail.
HOI'TY-TOI'TY, ex. denoting contemptuous sur-
prise.
HOLD, v. t. [pret. HELD ; pp. HELD, HOLDER.] To
stop ; to restrain ; to grasp ; to confine ; to pos-
sess ; to receive ; to keep ; to continue ; v. i, to
be true ; to stand; to endure ; to refrain.
HOLD, n. Catch; support; influence or power
over the mind ; custody ; interior of a ship ; for-
tified place or place of security.
HOLD'BACK, n. A hindrance; restraint.
HOLD'ER, n. One that holds or possesses ; some-
thing by which a thing may be held.
LL, WHAT; TH^RE, TURM; MARINB, BIRD ; MOVE,
HOLD'FAST, n. A general name for various things
for securing or holding, &c. ; an iron hook ;
catch ; cramp, &c.
HOLDING, TO. Tenure ; a farm held ; chorus of a
song ; hold ; influence ; power over.
HOLE, TO. A hollow place or cavity in a solid body ;
an opening in or through a solid body ; means of
escape. SYN. Hollow ; aperture ; interstice ; per-
foration; excavation; cave; pit; den; cell; sub-
terfuge.
HOLE, v. t. To dig or make holes in ; v. i. to go
into a hole
HOL'I-DAY, TO. A day of joy and gayety ; festival
day; a day of exemption from labour; o. per-
taining or adapted to a festival ; gay ; joyous.
HO'LI-LY, ad. Piously ; religiously ; sacredly.
HO'LI-NESS, n. The state of being holy ; free-
dom from sin ; sanctified affections; the state of
any thing hallowed or set apart for God or hi.s
service ; title of the Pope ; purity ; sanctity ;
piety ; goodness ; devotion ; godliness ; religious-
ness; sacredness; sanctification.
HOL'LO, ) (hollo or hol-16'), v. i. To call out or
HOLXA, f exclaim.
HOL-LOA',1 ex. A word used in calling. Written
HOL-LO', j also holla.
HOL'LOW (h511o), a. Containing a mere empty
space ; sunk deep ; like to or designating a sound
echoed from a cavity ; not sincere. SYN. Con-
cave ; sunken ; low ; vacant ; empty ; deep ; false ;
deceitful; TO. a low place; a hole; excavation;
groove ; den ; pit, &c.
HOL'LOW, v. t. To excavate ; to make hollow.
HOL'LOW or HOL-LOW, v. i. To shout.
HOL'LOW-HEART-ED (hSl'lo-hart-ed), TO. Insin-
cere; deceitful.
HOL'LOW-NESS, n. Cavity; insincerity; deceit.
HOL'LY, TO. An evergreen tree.
HOL'LY-HOCK, n. A well-known flowering plant ;
rose-mallow.
HOLM, TO. The evergreen oak ; an ilex ; a river isle.
IIOL'O-eAUST, TO. A whole burnt sacrifice.
HOL'O-GRAPH, TO. A deed or testament written
wholly by the grantor's or testator's own hand.
HOL'STER, TO. A leathern case for pistols.
HO'LY, a. Literally, whole or entire ; hence, in a
moral sense, pure in heart or disposition; pious;
godly; proceeding from pious principles; with
pious aims ; set apart for sacred use. SYN. Di-
vine; perfect; pure; immaculate; devout; re-
ligious; hallowed; sanctified; sacred.
HO'LY-DAY, TO. A festival or anniversary feast ;
a day of amusement ; a. pertaining to a festval.
[This spelling is now confined chiefly to religious
festivals.]
HO'LY GHOST (-gost), TO. The Divine Spirit; the
Sanctifier of souls ; the Comforter.
HO'LY ONE (ho'ly wuu), TO. An appellation of the
Supreme Being.
HO'LY-STONE, TO. A stone used by seamen in
cleaning the decks of ships. [stone.
HO'LY-STONE, v. t. To scrub the deck with a
HO'LY- WEEK, n. The week before Easter.
HOM' AGE, TO. Service to a lord; reverence; wor-
ship. SYN. Fealty. Homage was originally the
act of a feudal tenant by which he declared him-
self, on his knees, to be the 7iomage (homo) or
bondsman of the lord ; hence the term is used to
denote reverential submission or respect. Fealty
was originally the fidelity of such a tenant to his
lord, and hence the term denotes a faithful and
solemn adherence to the obligations we owe to
superior power or authority. We pay our homage
to men of pre-eminent usefulness and virtue, and
profess our fealty to the principles by which they
have been guided.
HOM' AGE, v. t. To pay homage to ; to honour.
HOME (19), TO. One's dwelling-house, or one's
country or place of residence. SYN. Abode ; resi-
dence; dwelling; habitation.
HOME, a. Relating to one's dwelling, country, or
family; domestic.
HOM
207
HOP
D&VE, WOLF, BQQK ; RULE, BULL ; Vf'CTOTJS
HOME, ad. Elliptical, to being added, to one's own
habitation or country ; closely ; to the point.
HOAIE'BRED 1 a> -^ a ti ye > domestic.
HOME'LESS/a. Destitute of a home.
HOME'LI-NESS, n. Plainness; coarseness.
HOME'LY, a. Plain ; coarse ; inelegant.
HOME'MADE, a. Made in one's own country.
HO-ME-O-PATH'I-G, a. Pertaining to homeopathy.
HO-ME-OP'A-THIST, n. One skilled in homeo-
pathy.
HO-ME-OP'A-THY, n. A theory of curing dis-
eases by very minute doses of medicine calcu-
lated to produce those diseases in healthy per-
sons ; opposed to allopathy, or heteropathy.
HOTSIER, n. A Hebrew measure containing about
three quarts.
HO-MER'ie, a. Pertaining to Homer or his poetry.
HOME'SICK, a. Depressed and grieved at absence
from home ; longing to go home.
HOME'S? UN, a. Made in the family ; plain.
HOME'STALL, 7 n. The place of the mansion-
HOME'STEAD, j house.
HOME'WARD, ad. Toward home.
HOM'I-CI-DAL, a. Relating to homicide; bloody.
HOM'I-CIDE, 71. The killing of one human being
by another; a person who kills another.
HOM-I-LET'll-AL } a ' Pertainin to homiletics.
HOM-I-LET'IS, n'. pi. The science of preaching.
HOM'I-LY, n. A plain and familiar sermon ; a lec-
ture.
HOM'I-NY, n. In Amtrica, food prepared from
maize, hulled, but broken, coarse, and boiled.
KOM'MOCK, n. A small detached hill.
HQM-0-CEN'TRre, a. Having the same centre.
HO-MO-GE'NE-AL, ) a. Being of the same kind,
HO-MO-GE'NE-OUS, j" or of like elements.
HO MO ("'F^Nl- 1 T TY ' ' i n ' Sameness of kind.
HO-MOI-OU'SI-AN, n. A term applied to Arians,
as holding the Son was like, but not the same, in
essence with the Father.
HO-MOL'O-GATE, v. t. To approve ; to allow.
HO-MOL'O-GOUS, a. Having the same ratio or
proportion .
HOM'O-LOGUE (-log), n. The same organ in diffe-
rent animals under different forms, as the /ore-limb
of a quadruped and the paddle of a whale.
HO-MOL'0-GY, 71. Affinity depending on structure
and not on use.
HOM'O-NYM, n. A word of the same sound with
another, but differing in signification.
HO-MON'Y-MOUS, a. Equivocal; ambiguous.
HO-MO-OU'SI-AN, n. A name given to one who
held that the Son was of the same essence with
the Father. [same sound.
HG-MOPH'O-NOUS (-mofo-nus), a. Having the
HONE, 7i. A stone for sharpening razors, &c.
HONE. v. t. To sharpen on a hone.
HON'EST (un'est), a. Upright in dealing ; accord-
ing to truth; proceeding from pure principles
and with good aims ; of fair character ; marked
by fidelity. SYN. Upright ; equitable ; just ; true ;
sincere; chaste; frank; candid.
HON'EST-LY, ad. Uprightly ; justly.
HON'EST-Y (on'es-ty), n. Moral rectitude ; confor-
mity to justice and truth; frank sincerity. SYN.
Integrity; probity; honour; uprightness ; equity.
HON'EY (hiin'y), n. Sweet juice collected by bees
from flowers ; sweetness ; a word of tenderness j
sweet one.
HOX'EY (htin'y), v. t. To sweeten.
HON'EY-BAG, n. The stomach of the bee.
HON'EY-COMB (hun'y-kome), n. Cells for honey
in a hive ; a casting of iron, &c., which has cells
like honey-comb.
HON'EY-DEW (hun'y-du), n. A sweet substance
ejected by certain insects on the leaves of plants;
a kind of tobacco.
HON'EYD (htin'id), o. Covered with honey;
sweet.
-e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
HON EY-MOON (hiin'y-), n. The first month aftei
marriage.
HON'EY-SCTCK'LE, n. A shrubby vine with beauti-
ful and fragrant flowers.
HONG, 7i. The name given by the Chinese to large
factories in Canton.
HON'IED (hun'id) a. See HONEYED.
HON'OUR, (6n'ur),7i. Esteem due or paid to worth;
true nobleness of mind ; scorn of meanness ; chas-
.tity in females. SIN. Reputation; respect; glory;
fame; renown.
HON'OUR (5n'ur), v. t. To treat or regard with
honour ; to render honourable or illustrious ; in
commerce, to accept and pay when due, as, to
honour a bill of exchange. SYN. To esteem ; re-
verence ; exalt ; dignify ; glorify.
HON'OUR-A-BLE (on'ur-a-bl), a. Actuated by noble
motives; illustrious; honest; conferring honour.
HON'OUR-A-BLY, ad. With tokens of honour;
with a noble spirit or purpose ; without reproach.
SYN. Magnanimously ; reputably ; nobly ; gene-
rously ; worthily ; justly ; fairly ; equitably.
HON-O-RA'RI-UM, }TI. A medical or other fee;
HON'OR-A-RY, / salary of a professor.
HON'OR-A-RY, a. Conferring honour ; possessing
a title or place without perform ing services or re-
ceiving a reward, as an honorary member.
HOOD, in composition, denotes state, quality, or
character, as 77ian7iood.
HOOD, n. A covering for the head.
HQQD, v. t. To dress in a hood or cowl ; to cover
or blind one's eyes.
HOOD'WINK, v. t. To blind ; to cover ; to deceive.
HQOF, 71. The horny cover of a beast's foot.
HOOK, n. A bent piece of iron ; something bent ;
that part of a hinge inserted in a post ; hence, to
be off the hooks is a& off the hinges, or in disorder.
By hook or by croofc, one way or another.
HOOK, v. t. To fix on a hook ; to catch ; to entrap ;
to seize or draw by force or artifice.
HOO'KAH, n. A Turkish pipe.
HOQKED (hgQk'd or hookt), a. Bent in the form
of a hook.
HOQK'ED-NESS, n. State of being bent like a hook.
HOOP, 7i. A band of wood or metal for a cask ; a
piece of whalebone used for extending a lady's
skirt ; a peck measure ; any thing circular, as a
ring, &c.
HOOP, v. t. To fasten with hoops ; to encircle or
clasp.
HOOP, v. i. To cry out; to shout ; to whoop.
H0OP'ING-OUGH (hoop'ing-kauf), n. A cough
in which the patient hoops ; also wliooping-couyh.
HOO'SIER (hoo'zher), n. A term applied to the
citizens of Indiana.
HOOT, 7i. A cry or shout of contempt ; the sound
made by an owl.
HOOT, v. i. or t. To shout at in contempt ; to cry,
as an owl ; v. t. to drive with noise and cries of
contempt.
HOP, v. t. To leap on one leg ; to skip, as birds ;
to dance and frisk about ; to impregnate with
hops ; to jump.
HOP, 7?. A leap on one leg ; a dance ; a spring ; a
jump ; a bitter plant used in brewing.
HOPE (19), 7i. Desire of good with a belief that it
is obtainable ; confidence in a future event ; the
object of hope ; an opinion or belief not amount-
ing to certainty. SYN. Expectation ; anticipa-
tion ; confidence ; trust ; belief ; well-grounded
desire.
HOPE, v. i. To cherish a desire of <?ood with ex-
pectation of it ; v. t. to desire and expect good
with belief that it may be obtained.
HOPE'FUL, a. Full of expectation or promise.
HOPE'FUL-LY, ad. So as to raise or with ground
of expectation.
HOPE'FUL-NESS, n. Promise of good; ground
to expect.
HOPE'LESS, a. Destitute of hope; giving no
ground to expect ; promising nothing. SYN. Des-
ponding ; despairing ; forlorn ; desperate.
HOP
208
HO8
1, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TJ&RM; MAR!NE, BIRD, MOVE,
HOPE'LESS-LY, ad. Without hope.
HOPE'LESS-NESS, n. Destitution of hope.
HOP'ING-LY, ad. With hope of good.
HOP'PER, n. One that hops ; part of a mill which
supplies grain to the stone ; basket for seed
corn.
HOP'PLE, v. t. To tie the feet, not closely, to pre
vent leaping.
HOPPLES (hop'plz), n. pi. Fetters for animals
turned out to graze.
HO'RAL, a. Relating to an hour.
HO'RA-RY, o. Pertaining to or continuing an
hour.
HORDE, n. A clan ; tribe ; migratory band.
HO-RI'ZON, n. A line that bounds the sight,
called the sensible horizon, or a great circle divid-
ing the world into two equal parts, the real or
rational one. The parts being called upper and
lower hemispheres, the central points of which are
the zenith above and the nadir below.
HOR-I-ZON'TAL, a. Parallel to the horizon.
HOR-I-ZON-TAL'I-TY, n. The state of being
parallel to the horizon.
HOR-I-ZONTAL-LY, ad. In a direction parallel
to the horizon ; on a level.
HORN, n. The hard projecting substance on an
animal's head ; a kind of truaapet ; the extremity
of the moon when a crescent ; the feeler of an in-
sect; a drinking-cup.
HORN'BEAM, n. A tough, horny species of wood.
HORN'BLENDE, n. A mineral of a black or darkish
green colour, of horn-like cleavage and peculiar
lustre, of frequent occurrence in granite and
trap.
HORN'BQOK, n. The first book for children.
HORN'BOG, n. A kind of beetle with large horns.
HORN'ER, n. A worker in horn.
HOR'NET, n. An insect larger and stronger than
the wasp.
HORN'ING, n. The appearance of the crescent
moon ; a process against a debtor.
HORN'LESS, a. Having no horns.
HORN'PIPE, n. A Welsh instrument of music ; a
tune ; a dance by one person.
HORN'STONE,
A silicious rock, consisting
chiefly of silex and alumina ; when it contains
crystals of quartz or feldspar, it is called horn~
stone porphyry.
HORN'- WORK (-wurk), n. An outwork in fortifi-
cation.
HORN'Y, a. Made of or like horn ; callous.
HOR'O-LOG.E, 7i. A clock or watch.
HOR-O-LOG'I-!AL, a. Pertaining to the horologe
or to horology.
HO-ROL'O-GY, 7i. Art of constructing machines
for measuring time.
HO-ROM'E-TRY, n. The measuring of time by
hours.
HOR'O-SOPE, n. The position of the stars at the
time of one's birth; astrology.
HO-ROS'0-PY, 7i. The art of predicting events by
the position of stars.
HOR'RENT, o. Standing erect like bristles.
HOR'RI-BLE, a. Tending to excite horror. STN.
Dreadful; awful j frightful; terrible; shocking;
hideous.
HOR'RI-BLE-NESS, n. Terribleness ; dreadful-
HOR S 'RI-BLY, ad. Dreadfully ; frightfully.
HOR'RID, a. That does or may excite horror ;
rough; tending to produce disgust. SYN. Dread-
ful; Hideous; shocking; frightful; fearful; ter-
rific; horrible.
HOR'RID-LY, ad. Dreadfully; shockingly.
HOR'RID-NESS, n. The qualities that do or may
excite horror. SYN. Hideousness; enormity;
dreadfulness ; horribleness ; terribleness.
HOR-RlFTG, a. Causing horror or dread.
HOR'RI-FY, t>. t. To strike with horror ; to make
horrible. *
HOR'ROR, n. A shivering ; excessive fear ; terror ;
that which excites horror.
HORSE, n. A quadruped for draught or the sad-
dle ; a frame or structure on which something is
supported; cavalry; rope under a yard.
HORSE, v. t. To mount a horse ; to furnish with a
horse or horses ; to carry on the back ; to ride ; to
mount for procreation.
HORSE'BACK, n. The state of being mounted on
a horse ; posture of riding on a horse.
HORSE'-BLOCK, n. A block or stage from which
to mount a horse or dismount.
HORSE'-BOAT, n. A boat moved by horses.
HORSE-CHEST'NUT, n. A large nut, or the tree
that produces it.
HORSE'-CLOTH, n. A cloth to cover a horse.
HORSE'-GUARDS (gardz), n. pi. Cavalry for
guards.
HORSE'-JOCK-EY, n.; pi. HORSE'-JOCK-EYS, A
dealer in horses.
HORSE'-LAUGH (hSrslaff), n. Aloud, coarse laugh.
HORSE'-LEECH, n. A large leech ; a farrier.
HORSE'-LlT'TER, 71. A carriage on poles, borne
by and between horses.
HORSE'MAN, 7i. One skilled in riding horses ; a
rider ; a soldier serving on horseback.
HORSE'MAN-SHIP, 71. Act or art of riding and
training horses.
HORSE'-PLAY, n. Rough, rugged play.
HORSE -POW-ER, n. The power of ahorse, or
power equal to a horse in draught or moving
machinery ; a power capable of raising 33,000 Ib.
avoir. 1 foot high per minute.
HORSE'-RACE, n. A race by horses or match in
running horses.
HORSE'-RAD-DISH, n. A species of scurvey -grass,
whose root has a pungent taste.
HORSE'-SHOE (shoo), n. A shoe for the hoof of a
horse.
HORSE'-STEAL-ER,) n. One who steals a horse
HORSE'-THIEF, | or horses.
HORSE'WHIP, 7i. A whip for driving horses.
HORSE'-WHIP, v. t. To lash with a horse whip.
HOR-TA'TION, 71. The act of exhorting; advice.
HOR'TA-TIVE, } a. Giving admonition, advice ;
HOR'TA-TO-RY, j encouraging.
HOR-TI-etJLT'OR-AL, (-kult'yur-), a. Pertaining
to the culture of gardens.
HOR-TI-0LT-CRE (-kult-yur), n. Theartofcul-
tivating or the culture of a garden.
HOR-TI-eOLT'OR-IST, n. One skilled in cultivat-
ing gardens.
HOR'TUS SiaCUS, n. [i.] A collection of plants
dried for preservation ; herbarium.
HO-SAN'NA (-zan'na), n. Literally, sare now; an
exclamation of praise to God.
HOSE, 7i.; pi. HOSE (formerly HO'SEN). Stock-
ings ; coverings for the legs ; a pipe for a fire-
engine ; a leathern tube for conducting water
into the casks in the hold of a ship.
HO'SIER (ho'zher), n. One who deals in stockings.
HO'SIER-Y, 7i. Stockings, socks, &c.
HOS'PlCE (hos'pis), n. The name of certain con-
vents in the Alps for lodging travellers in the
passes of the mountains.
HOS'PI-TA-BLE, a. Receiving and entertaining
strangers without reward; kind to strangers;
proceeding from or manifesting generosity; of-
fering hospitality. SYN. Kind; generous; free-
hearted; liberal.
HOS'PI-TA-BLY, ad. With kindness, hospitality,
or generosity. [sane.
HOS'PI-TAL, 7i. A building for the sick or in-
HOS'PI-TALL-ER, n. One of an order of knights
who built a hospital at Jerusalem for pilgrims.
HOS-PI-TAL'I-TY, 7i. The act or practice of gra-
tuitous entertainment to strangers.
HOS'PO-DAR, n. A Turkish governor in Moldavia
and Wallachia.
HOST, 7i. One who entertains a stranger ; he that
entertains guests ; an army ; a great number ; in
the Roman Catholic Church, the sacrifice of mass,
or the consecrated wafer, representing the bod7
of Christ.
HOS
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ;
209
HUF
HOSTAGE, n. One given to a foe in pledge for the
performance of conditions.
HOS'TEL or HOS'TEL-RY, n. An inn.
HOSTESS, n. A female host ; a landlady.
HOS'TlLE (hoVtil), a. Pertaining to or expressing
public or private enmity. SYN. Warlike ; inimi-
cal ; unfriendly ; adverse ; opposite ; belligerent ;
contrary ; repugnant.
HOS-TlL'I-TY, 7i. Enmity of a public foe ; state of
war; private enmity SYN. Animosity ; en-
mity ; opposition ; violence ; aggression ; hatred.
HOSTLER (hosier or os'ler), n. One who has the
care of horses at an inn or livery-stable.
HOT, a. Having heat; easily excited in temper;
marked with fury or precipitancy ; pungent in
taste. SYN. Burning ; fiery ; fervid ; glowing ;
eager ; animated ; brisk ; vehement ; precipitate j
violent ; furious ; biting ; acrid ; pungent.
HOT'BED, n. A bed well manured, covered with
glass, for raising early plants, &c.
HOTCH'POTCH, \ n. A mixture of ingredients ;
HOTCH'POT, > in law, a mixing of lands.
HOT-OCK-LES (-kok-klz), n. A play in which one
is blindfolded, and then guesses who strikes him.
HO-TEL', n. A tavern of the highest order; in
Prance, a palace.
jrO-TEL'DIEl7(o-tSl'de-u), n. [IV.] A hospital.
HOTHOUSE, n. A house kept warm to shelter
plants from cold air.
HoTLY, ad. Violently ; keenly ; eagerly.
HOTNESS, n. Heat ; state of being hot.
HOT-PRESS, v. t. To press between hot plates for
giving a smooth and glossy surface.
HOT-PRESSED (-prst), a. Pressed while heated,
to give a smooth and glossy surface.
HOTSPUR, n. A rash, ardent person ; a pea.
HOTTER-TOT, n, A native of South Africa.
HOT-WALL, n. In gardening, a wall with flues
conducting heat, to hasten the growth of fruit-
trees, &c.
HOU'DAH (how'da), n. A seat tc be fixed on a
camel's or elephant's back.
HOUGH (hok), n. The lower part of the thigh;
the ham ; v. t. to hock ; to hamstring.
HOUND, n. A dog for hunting.
HOUND, v. t. To set on the chase ; to hunt.
HOUR (our), n. The twenty-fourth part of a day ;
60 minutes ; a particular time, as the liour of
death ; the time marked by a clock or watch.
HOUR'-GLASS (our'-), n. A glass to show time by
the running out of sand.
HOUR'-HANI) (our'-), n. The hand of a clock or
watch which shows the hour.
HOUR'l (howr'y), n. Among the Mohammedans, a
nymph of Paradise.
HOUR'LY (our'ly), a. Done or happening every
hour ; often repeated ; continual.
HOUR'LY, ad. Every hour; frequently.
HOUSE (houce), n. ; pi. HOUS'ES. A family or race;
bi-anch of the Legislature; a quorum ; a building
for man or animals; a church; the house of
God; the grave; a monastery; a religious house ;
mode of living ; wealth or estate ; domestic con-
cerns.
HOUSE (houz), v. t. To put under shelter ; to de-
posit or cover, as in the grave ; v. i. to take shel-
ter; to reside.
HOUSE'BREAK-ER (houce'bra-ker), n. One who
breaks into a house by day to steal, &c.
HOUSE'-BOAT, n. A boat with a covering on it
like a room.
HOUSE'BREAK-ING, n. The act of breaking or
entering into a house by daylight to steal or rob.
HOUSE'HOLD, n. A family living together;
family life ; a. belonging to the house or family ;
domestic.
HOUSE'HOLD-ER, n. The master of a family ; one
who keeps house.
HOUSE'HOLD-STtf FF, n. Furniture ; movables.
HOUSE'KEEP-ER, n. One who occupies a house
with his family ; a female who superintends do-
mestic concerns ; one who stays much at home.
; vr"ci U8. -easxj 6asJ; sasz; cnassH; HIS.
HOUSE'KE KP-ING, n. The family state.
HOUSE'-LEEK, n. A plant common on roofs and
walls ; Sempervivum.
HOUSE'LESS, a. Destitute of a house or shelter.
HOUSE'-MAID, n. A woman servant.
HOUSE'-ROOM, n. Quantity of space or accom-
modation in a house.
HOUSE'-WARM-ING, n. A feast or merry-making
on entering a new house.
HOUSE'WlPE (honce'wlfe) [by contraction 7ms-
iur/V], n. The mistress of a family ; a good mana-
ger ; a female economist ; a little case or bag fox
articles of female work, pronounced huz'zif.
HOUSE'WIFE-RY, n. Female economy.
HOUS'ING (houz'iug), n. A shelter; a saddle-
cloth.
HOVEL, n. A shed a cottage ; a mean dwelling}
v. t. to put in a hovel ; to shelter.
HOVER (hiiv'er), v. i. To flap the wings, as a
bird; to hang over, fluttering or otherwise; to
wander near.
HOW, ad. In what manner; to what degree; in
what state; why; used in marking proportion;
also an exclamation.
HOir-JD'JI (how-M'jee), n. An Arabic word for
traveller, much used in the East.
HOW'BE-IT, ad. Nevertheless ; yet ; however.
HOWEL, n. A tool used for smoothing the inside
of a cask.
HOW-EVER, ad. In whatever manner or degree,
as, " However good it may be ;" at all events, as
" However, that does not alter the case. SYN. At
least ; nevertheless ; yet. However signifies, that
in whatever way a truth or fact may be viewed,
certain other facts are true, as, " However, we
shall perform our duty." At least indicates the
lowest estimate or concession, as, " This, at least,
must be done." Nevertheless denotes that though
the concession be fully made, it has no effect on
the question, as, " Nevertheless, we must go for-
ward." Tet signifies that, admitting every thing
supposed down to the present moment, the ex-
pected consequence can not be drawn, as,
" Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him."
HOW'ITZ, > n. A kind of mortar or short gun
HOW'ITZ-ER, J mounted on a field-carriage.
HOWL, v. i. To utter a loud, mournful sound, ex-
pressive of distress ; to cry as a dog or wolf ; v. t.
to utter with outcry.
HOWL, n. The cry of a dog or wolf.
HOWL'ET, n. An owl, also spelled owlet.
HOWL'ING, o. Filled with howls or howling
beasts ; n. the cry of a dog or wolf.
HOW-SO-EVER, ad. In what manner soever ; al-
though; however.
HOY, n. A small coasting vessel rigged as a sloop j
an exclamation without meaning.
HtTB, n. The nave of a wheel.
HUB'BUB, n. Uproar ; tumult ; riot.
HCCK'A-BACK, 71. A kind of linen with raised
figures, used for table-cloths, &c.
HOCK'LE-BACKED (huk'kl-bakt), a. Having round
shoulders.
HttCK'LE-BER-RY, n. The whortleberry.
HCCK'STER, n. A retailer of small articles.
HOCK'STER-AGE, n. Small dealing or business.
HDD'DLE (hud'dl), v. i. To crowd together with-
out order ; to move in a throng without order ;
to press or hurry in disorder ; n. a crowd without
order.
HOD'DLE, y. t. To perform in haste; to throw-
together in confusion; to put on hastily, as
clothes.
HC-DI-BRASTK), a. In the style of Hudilras-,
doggerel poetry.
HUE(hu),7i. Colour; dye; great noise ; a clamour,
as hue and cry.
HtlFF, n. A swell of anger or pride.
HUFF, v. t. To swell ; to hector or bully ; v. i. to
dilate or enlarge, as bread ; to bluster ; to swell
with anger or pride, &c. ; to treat with arrogance ;
to chide or rebuke insolently. 11
HUF
210
I, fi,&c., long. I, i, Sac., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
H0FF'ISH, a. Insolent ; arrogant ; hectoring 1 .
HUFF'ISH-NESS, n. Swelling; pride; arrogance.
H0FF'Y, a. Swelled; puffy; swelled with sudden
anger.
H0G, v. t. To embrace closely; to congratulate,
as one's self, &c. ; to gripe in wrestling; to sail
near.
HOG, n. A close embrace ; a gripe in wrestling.
H0GE, a. Of a large or excessive size ; great to
deformity. SYN. Enormous ; gigantic ; bulky ;
vast ; immense ; colossal ; prodigious ; mons-
trous.
H0GE'LY, ad. Immensely ; enormously.
HUGE'NESS, n. Enormity in bulk or largeness.
H0'GUE-NOT, n. A name formerly given to a Pro-
testant in France.
H0'GU-NOT-ISM, n. The religion or tenets of
doctrine of the Huguenots.
HULK, n. The hull of an old ship ; in the plural
hulks, old ships used as convict prisons in England.
H0LL, n. The outer covering of a nut, &c. ; frame
or body of a ship or other vessel.
H0LL, v. t. To husk or peel ; to pierce the hull of
a ship with a cannon-ball.
H0M, v. i. To make a noise like bees ; to make a
low, inarticulate sound; to make a dull, heavy
noise.
BtCM, ex. A sound with a pause, implying doubt.
H0M, v . t. To sing in a low voice ; to cause to
hum.
H0M, tu A low, buzzing sound; an expression
of applause.
HU'MAN, a. Belonging to mankind ; having the
qualities of a man.
HU-MANE', a. Having feelings and disposition
proper for man ; having tenderness and compas-
sion; disposed to treat others kindly. SYN. Be-
nevolent; sympathising; mild; merciful; kind;
compassionate; tender.
HU-MANE'LY, ad. With kindness ; tenderly.
HU-MANE'NESS, n. Tenderness ; compassion.
HU-MAN-I-TA'EI-AN, n. One who holds that
Jesus Christ was merely a man.
HU-MAN'I-TY, n. Peculiar nature of man ; man-
kind ; kind disposition ; tenderness ; philology ;
grammatical studies. Humanities, in the plural,
signifies grammar, rhetoric, and poetry; literal
humaniores in Scottish Universities.
HC'MAN-lZE, v. t. To render humane or kind.
HtKMAN-LY, ad. After the manner or opinions of
men.
HOM'BLE, a. Low in condition or feelings ; not
lofty ; not proud. SYN. Lowly ; modest ; unas-
suming; meek.
HUM'BLE, v. t. To bring low ; to break down or
eubdue; to make ashamed; to make meek and
submissive; to make to condescend; to deprive
of chastity ; to afflict, as one's self; to make con-
trite. SYN, To abase ; lower ; depress ; humili-
ate; mortify; disgrace; degrade; sink; repent.
H0M'BLE-BEE, n . A bee of a large size.
HUM'BLY, ad. Without pride ; submissively.
HOM'BUG, n. An imposition.
HCM'BUG, v. t. To deceive; to impose on. (A
low word.)
H0M'DEUM, a. Stupid; dull; wearisome.
HC'MER-AL, a. Pertaining to the shoulder.
H0M/HUM, n. A kind of coarse Indian cloth made
of cotton.
HtfMID, a. Moist ; damp ; watery.
HU-MlD'I-TY, ) n. Moisture in the form of visible
HtJ'MID-NESSJ vapour ; dampness.
HU-MIL'I-ATE, v. t. To humble ; to abase ; to
bring low ; to lower in condition ; to depress.
HU-MIL-I-A'TION, n. Act of humbling; state of
being abased ; abasement of pride.
HU-MlL'I-TY, . Freedom from pride ; lowliness
of mind. SYN. Modesty ; diffidence. Diffidence
is a distrust of one's powers, and, as it may be
carried too far, is not always (like modesty and
humility) a virtue; modesty, without supposing
self- distrust, implies an unwillingness to put our-
HUE
WHAT ; TH&RE, TERM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE.
selves forward, and an absence of all over-confi-
dence in our own powers ; humility consists in
rating our claims lo\v, in being willing to waive
our rights, and take a lower place than might be
our due. It does not require us to under-rate
ourselves. The humility of our Saviour was per-
fect, and yet he had a true sense of his own great-
ness.
HUM'MING-BtED, n. The smallest of birds, most
beautiful in plumage, named from the noise of its
wings.
H0M'MOCK, n. A rounded hillock; a mass of ice
thrown up.
HU'MOE-AL, a. Pertaining to the humours.
HU'MOE-IST, n. One who gratifies his humour;
one of a playful fancy or genius in speaking and
writing ; a wag.
HU'MOR-OUS, a. Marked by that which is adapted
to excite laughter. SYN. Jocular; pleasant; droll;
witty ; playful ; fanciful ; merry.
H0'MOE-OUS-LY, ad. With pleasantry ; jocosely.
HO'MOE-SOME (-sum), a. Influenced by humour ;
peevish.
H0'MOUE, n. Literally, moisture ; a disease of the
skin ; turn of mind; a quality of the imagination,
which, by ludicrous images, tends to excite laugh-
ter ; a trick ; practice or habit. SYN. Temper ;
disposition ; whim ; fancy ; caprice ; merriment ;
wit, which see.
HO'MOUE, v. t. To comply with ; to favour by im-
posing no restraint , to indulge by compliance.
See GRATIFY.
H0MP, n. A swelling, as of flesh ; protuberance
made by a crook, d back.
HUMPBACK, n. A rising 01 crooked back.
H0'MUS, n. VegeXci J( mould; decayed wood con-
verted into a dark powder.
H0NCH, n. A protuberance; a click piece; a
push with the fist or elbow.
H0NCH, v. t. To push out ; to push with the el-
bow ; to crook the back.
H0NCHBACKED (-bakt), o. Having a crooked
back.
H0N'DEED, a. Noting the product of ten multi-
plied by ten ; n. the sum of ten times ten ; a divi-
sion or part of a county in England.
H0N'DEEDTH, a. The ordinal of a hundred.
H0NG'GA-RY-WA'TEE, n. A distilled water made
from rosemary."
H0NG'-BEEF, n. The fleshy part of beef slightly
salted and hung up to dry.
H0N G 'GEE (hiing'ger), n. Desire of food ; craving
appetite ; any strong or eager desire.
H0N'GEE, v. i. To crave food.
HONG'GEY (hung'gry), o. Craving food; lean;
barren ; having an eager desire.
H0NKS, n. A sordid, niggardly man ; a miser.
H0NS, n. Scythians who conquered Pannonia, and
called it Hungary.
H0NT, v. i. To chase, as game; to seek for; to
pursue closely; v. t. to follow the chase; to
search.
H0NT, n. Chase of game ; pursuit ; pack of hounds ;
an association of huntsmen.
H0NT'EE, n. One who pursues game; a dog or
horse employed in the chase.
H0NT'ING, n. The act or practice of the chase ; a
pursuit or seeking.
H0NT'ING-HOEN, n. A horn used to cheer or
call dogs in the chase.
HUNT'EESS, 11. A woman who hunts.
H0NTS'MAN, n. A man who hunts ; a person who
manages the chase.
H0E'DLE, 7i. A texture of twigs ; a crate ; a frame
of split timber or sticks for an inclosure ; a kind
of sledge.
H0R'DY-G0E-DY, n. A stringed musical instru-
ment, whose sounds are produced by a wheel.
H0RL, v. t. To throw with violence ; to utter with
passion ; to play at a certain game.
H0EL, 7i. Act of thro wing with force; commotion;
riot
HUE
211
HYD
D6vE, WOLF, BOOK; ECLE, BULL; vfcious. -e as K; 6 as j; * as z; CH as SH; THIS.
HUEL'BONE, n. A bone in the buttock of a horse.
HUR'LY-BUR-LY, n. Tumult ; bustle ; confusion.
HUB-B ik' } ex " Shout of J v or exultation.
-
HUR EI-A*NE, n. A violent tempest distinguish-
ed by the vehemence of the wind.
HUE'EI-CANE-DECK, n. A name of the upper
deck of steam-boats in America.
HUE'RIED-NESS, n. State of being hastened.
HUR'RY, v. t. To impel to greater speed ; to press
forward with more rapidity ; to drive or impel
with violence ; to urge on with precipitation ; v. i.
to move or act in haste. STN. To hasten ; ex- j
pedite; quicken; accelerate; precipitate.
HUK'RY, n. Great haste; precipitation; tumult;
bustle.
HUR'RY-SKUR-RY, n. Confusion; ad. confused-
ly ; in a bustle.
HURT, n. Any thing that pains the body ; what-
ever injures or harms. STN. Wound; bruise;
injury ; harm ; damage ; loss ; detriment ; mis-
chief; bane; disadvantage.
HURT, v. t. [pret. and pp. HURT.] To harm ; to in-
jure ; to wound ; to give pain to ; to grieve.
HURTFUL, a. Occasioning loss or destruction;
tending to impair or destroy. SYN. Pernicious ;
harmful; baneful; destructive; mischievous ;
noxious ; unwholesome.
HURTFUL-LY, ad. With harm; injuriously.
HURTTUL-NESS, n. The quality of doing harm.
HURTLE (Mr'tl), v. t. To clash or run against:
to skirmish ; to encounter with a shock, &c. ; v. i.
tc move with violence ; to whirl.
HURT'LESS, a. Harmless; inoffensive; receiving
HY-A-ClNTH'lNE. a.
HY'ADS, ) n. pi. A
HY'A-DES, > Bull's Head, supposedbytheancients
to bring rain.
Pertaining to hyacinth.
cluster of five stars in the
HY'A-LlNE, a. Glassy; resembling glass ; crystal-
line.
HY-BER-NA'TION, n. See HIBERNATION.
HY'BRID or HYB'RID, 71. A mongrel, or mule.
HY'BRID, \a. Mongrel; produced by the
HYB'RID-OTJS, ) mixture of two species.
HYD'A-TID, n. A pellucid cyst containing a tran-
sparent fluid ; a genus of entozoa, found in the
human body.
1 HY'DRA, n. A monster with many heads ; any
manifold evil; a minute fresh -water polype; a
southern constellation of 60 stars.
HY-DRlN'GE-A, n. An aquatic plant much valued
for its large flowers.
HY'DRANT, n. A pipe or machine for discharging
water.
HY-DRAE'GY-EUM, n. Quicksilver; in medical re-
cipes, written liydrarg.
HY'DEATE, n. In chemistry, a compound in defi-
nite proportions of metallic oxide with water.
HY-DRAUL'I, \a. Relating to the convey-
HY-DRAUL'rC-AL, $ ance of water through
pipes." Hydraulic Press see Hydrostatic Press.
HY-DRAUL'ICS, n. pi. The science of the force
and motions of fluids, and of the construction of
machines relating thereto.
HY-DRO-CEPH'A-LUS (-sSf-), n. Dropsy of the
head.
HY-DRO-DY-NAMl-eS, n. pi. The branch of na-
tural philosophy which applies the principles of
dynamics to water and other fluids.
no injury.
HUS'BAND, n. A man married or betrothed to a , HY'DRO-GEN, n. A gas, one of the elements of
woman ; a ship's owner who personally manages | water, of which it forms 11.1 parts in a hundred,
its concerns.
HUS'BAND, v. t.
save ; to till.
HUS'BAND-ING, n,
ing ; thrift.
HUS'BAND-MAN, n. A farmer ; a cultivator of
the ground ; the master of a family.
HUS'BAND-RY, n. The business of cultivating the
earth, raising, managing, and fattening cattle,
and the management of the dairy; frugality;
To manage with frugality; to
The laying up or economiz-
and oxygen 88.9.
HY'DEO-GEN-ATE,) v. t. To combine with hy-
HTDBO-GEN-IZE, / drogen.
HY-DEOG/E-NOUS, a. Pertaining to hydrogen.
HY-DRGG'EA-PHEE, n. One who practises hy-
domestic economy.
HUSH, a. Still ; silent ; calm ; quiet ; v. t. to si-
lence ; to quiet ; to calm ; v, i. to be still or si-
lent.
HY-DEO-GBAPH'I, > a. Relating to hydro-
HY-DRO-GRAPH'I-AL, 5 graphy.
HY-DEOG'EA-PHY, n. The art of measuring and
describing the sea, lakes, rivers, &c., or of form-
ing charts of the same.
HY-DEOL'O-GY, n. Science of water, its proper-
ties, phenomena, and laws.
HY' DEO-MEL, n . A liquor of honey and water.
IICSH, imperative of the verb, used as an exclama- : HY-DROM'E-TER, n. An instrument to ascertain
the gravity, density, &c., of fluids.
HY-DRO-MET'RIC, ) a. Relating to a hydro-
HY-DRO-MET'RI-AL,y meter, or the determi-
nation of the specific gravity of fluids ; made by a
hydrometer.
HY-DROM'E-TRY, . The art of measuring the
tion ; be still.
HUSH'MON-EY (-mtin-ny), n. A bribe to secrecy.
HUSK, n. The dry covering of certain fruits.
HUSK, v. t. To strip off the outer covering of
fruits or seeds, &c.
HUSK'I-NESS, n. Dryness ; roughness; harsh-
ness. gravity, density \ &c., of liquids.
HUSK'ING, n. The act of stripping off husks ; a j HY-DRO-PATH'I, o. Pertaining to hydropathy.
gathering of invited neighbours to assist in husk- H Y-DRGP'A-THIST, n. One who practises by hy
ing.
HUSKTf, a. Abounding with husks; resembling
husks ; dry ; hoarse ; rough, as sound.
R', 11. A soldier in German cavalry.
HUS'SY (huz'zy), n. A worthless woman.
HUSTINGS, n. pi. The place for nominating mem
bers of Parliament, usually a temporary erection.
Court of Hustings, the city court of London.
HUSTLE (hus'sl), v. t. To push; to crowd; to
shake together in confusion.
HUS'WIFE (huzV.if). See HOUSEWIFE.
HUT, n. A poor cottage or shed ; a mean abode ;
v. t. to furnish with huts or place in huts, as
troops in winter quarters ; v. i. to take lodgings
in huts.
HUTCH, 11. A chest or box ; a rat-trap.
HUZ-ZA', 11. A shout of joy.
HUZ-ZA', v. t. To utter a loud shout or exclama-
tion of joy ; v. t. to receive or attend with shouts
dropathy.
HY-DROP'A-THY, n. The water-cure ; the method
of curing diseases by means of water.
HY-DEOPH'AN-OUS, a. Transparent through im-
mersion in water.
HY-DRO-PHO'BI-A, n. Dread of water; canine
madness. [ness.
HY-DRO-PHOB'I, a. Pertaining to canine mad-
Dropsical ; containing
water.
Relating to hydrosta-
tics, or the weight and
of
Ht
H, n. A genus of plants ; a gem.
HY-DROP'IlAL,f
HY-DRO-STAT'I, )
HY-DRO-STAT I-AL,|
pressure of fluids.
HY-DRO-STAT'I PRESS, n. A machine for ob-
taining enormous pressure by means of water.
HY-DRO-STAT'IS, n. pi. That branch of the
science of hydrodynamics which treats of the prop-
e*';ies and pressure of fluids at rest.
HY-DRO-SUL'PHATE, ~) n. A combination ot
HY-DRO-SUL'PHU-RET, j sulphuretted hydrogen
with an earth, alkali, or metallic oxide.
HYD
212
ICI
A, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
HY-DEO -THO'EAX, n. Dropsy in the chest.
HY'DROUS, a. Watery ; containing water in com-
position.
H Y'DRU-RET, n. A compound of hydrogen and a
metal.
HY'DRUS, n. The water-snake ; a southern con-
stellation.
HY-'MAL, a. Pertaining to winter.
HY-E-MA'TION, n. The spending of winter ; shel-
ter from the cold of winter.
HY-E'NA, n. A quadruped of the wolf -kind, feeding
on flesh, ravenous and untamable.
HY-GE'I-AN, a. Relating to health.
HY-Gl-ENE', n. That department of medicine that
treats of the preservation of the public health.
HY-GI-EN'IG, a. Pertaining to hygiene.
HY-GROM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure
the moisture of the air.
HY-GRO-MET'RI, ") o. Pertaining to or con-
HY-GRO-MET'Rie-AL, j nected with hygrom-
etry.
HY-GEOM'E-TET, n. The art of measuring the
moisture of the air. Laminated.
HY-LO-ZO'ISM, n. The doctrine that all matter is
H Y'MEN, n. The deity that presided over marriage ;
the virginal membrane.
HY-MEN-E'AL, \ a. Pertaining to marriage; n.
H Y-MEN-E'AN, / a marriage song.
HYMN (him;, n. A divine song ; a song of praise ;
v. t. or i. to praise in songs of adoration.
HYM'NI, a. Relating to hymns.
H YM-NOL'O-GY, n. Science which treats of hymns ;
a collection of hymns.
HY'OID, o. Denoting a bone at the root of the
tongue.
HYP, n. Depression of spirits ; v. i. to depress the
spirits. From hypochondria.
HY'PEE is used in composition to denote excess.
HY-PER'BO-LA, n. A curve formed by a section of
a cone, when the intersecting plane makes a
greater angle with the base than the side of the
cone does.
HY-PER'BO-LE, n. Exaggeration ; a figure of
speech which expresses more or less than the
truth.
HY-PEE-BOL'I-G, a. Belonging to the hyperbola ;
hyperbolical.
HY-PEE-BGL'KJ-AL, a. Partaking of hyperbole ;
exaggerating or diminishing greatly.
HY-PEE-BOL'I-AL-LY, ad. With hyperbole.
HY-PER-BO'RE-AN, n. Northern ; very cold.
HY-PEE-OEITK!, n. A critic exact beyond reason ;
a captious censor.
HY-PEE-ElTTe-AL, a. Critical beyond use.
HY-PER-eRlT'I-CISlI, n. Excessive rigour of
criticism.
HY'PHEN, n. The mark (-) between words form-
ing compounds, &c.
HY'PO, in composition, under, beneath.
HYP-O-!HON'DRI-A, n. Properly, the region be-
low the short ribs ; hence, a disease of that region,
producing melancholy ; great depression of spirits ;
deep gloom.
HYP-O-H6N'DRI-A-e, ',\a. Affected with hy-
ilYP-O-OHON-DRl'A^-AL, $ pochondria or me-
lancholy.
HYP-O-eHON-DEl'A-CISM, n. A disease arising
from debility and dyspepsia, now usualJy called
hypochondria.
HY-PO'RI-SY, n. The putting on of an appear-
ance of sanctity or virtue which one does not pos-
* sess.
HYP'OCRlTE, n. Originally, a play-actor; one
who puts on an appearance of sanctity or virtue
which he does not possess.
HYP-O-eRlT'I-CAL, a. Marked by hypocrisy.
HYP-O-eRlT'I-GAL-LY, acl. Without sincerity.
IlYP'O-GENE, o. Applied to a class of rocks formed
below the surface of the earth.
HY-POS'TA-SIS, n. Distinct substance.
HY-PO-STAT'ie, ) a. Distinctly personal ; con-
HY-PO-STAT'I^-AL,) stitutive.
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, THRM ; MARINE, BlRD; MOVE,
HY-POT'E-NCSE or HY-POTH'E-N(TSE, n. In geo-
metry, the longest side of a right-angled triangle.
HY-POTH'E-ATE, v. t. To pledge, as a ship, c.,
for the security of a creditor.
HY-POTII-E-A'TION, n. The act of pledging as
a security for a debt.
HY-POTH'E-SIS, n. ; pi. HT-POTH'E-SES. A propo-
sition or principle, assumed or supposed, for the
?urpose of argument ; a supposition.
'-PO-THETOe, ) a. Assumed without proof
HY-PO-THET'KJ-AL, J to reason and draw proof
therefrom .
HY-PO-THET'I-G-AL-LT, ad. Upon supposition.
HY-PO-ZOTG, a. Previous to the existence of liv-
ing beings ; below the fossiliferous strata.
HY'SON, n. A species of green tea.
HYS'SOP (hl'zup or his'sup), n. A genus of plants,
aromatic and pungent.
HYS TE'RI-A, \n. A disease marked by spasms
HYS-TER'LeS, J or convulsions, struggling, and
a sense of suffocation, chiefly in females.
lYliSltAL, } ' Pertaining to hysteria.
HYS'TE-RON PROT'E-RON, n. [Gfr.] A figure by
which the word which should follow comes first j
an inversion of order.
HYS-TE-ROT'O-MY, n. The Csesarean section, or
cutting a fetus from the womb.
I.
T the ninth letter of the alphabet, and the third
*> vowel, has a long sound as in fine, a short sound
as in sin, and the sound of long E, as in machine.
As a numeral it stands for one, and when repeated
a certain number of times, for as many units j an
abbrevation for id, as i. e., id est, or that is.
I, pron. of the first person ; used by a speaker who
calls himself I.
I-AM'BI!, a. Pertaining to an iambus.
I-AM'BI!, I n. ; pi. I-AM'BUS-ES, I-AM'B!, or I-AM'-
I-AM'BUS, j Bi-es. A poetic foot of two syllables,
the first short, the last long, as in delight; a verse
composed of such feet.
I'BEX, n. A species of goat, with large horns bent
back.
I'BIS, n. A bird with long legs, slender bill, and
broad wings ; a sacred bird in Egypt.
l/, as a termination, in chemistry, denotes acids that
combine the highest quantity of the acidifying
principle.
I-A'RI-AN, a. Soaring high; adventurous in
flight.
ICE, n. Water congealed to hardness ; concreted
sugar ; u. t. to cover with ice or concreted sugar;
to chill or freeze.
ICE'BERG, n. A hill or mountain of ice.
ICE'-BLlNK, n. A bright appearance in the hori-
zon, caused by light reflected from ice beyond.
ICEM3EEAM, n. Cream flavoured and frozen by a
freezing mixture. [berg.
ICE'-FLOE, n. A smaller piece of ice than an ice-
ICE'-HOUSE, n. A place for preserving ice during
warm weather.
IH-NEO'MON, n. A small animal in Egypt that
feeds on and destroys the eergs of the crocodile.
IH-NOG'EA-PHY, n. A ground-plan of a build-
ing, &c. ; representation of the ground-plot of a
building.
I'!HOE (i'kor), n. A thin watery humour.
I'-eHOE-OUS, o. Like ichor; thin; watery; se-
rous.
1'H'THY-0-LITE, n. A fish or any portion of a
fish in a fossil state.
IH-THY-OL'O-GY (Ik-), n. The science of fishes.
I-GH-THY-OPH'A-GOUS, o. Subsisting on fish.
I'H-THY-O-SAU'EUS, n. A fish lizard; an ex-
tinct marine animal of the Oolitic period.
I'CI-LE (I'se-kl), n. A long, pendant mass of ice.
1'CI-NESS (i'se-iiessj, n. The state of being icy 01
very cold.
ICI
213
ILL
DOVR, WOLF, B<?OK; RULE, BULL ; vf'CIOUS.-
t'CING, n. A covering of concreted sugar.
I-ON'O-LA$M, n. The act of breaking or de-
stroying images, as of idolaters.
I-GON'O-GLAST, n. A breaker of images.
I-ON-OG'KA-PHY, n. A description of images.
I-O-SA-H'DRON, n. A solid of twenty equal
triangular sides or faces.
I-TER'ie, a. Affected with jaundice.
I'CY, o. Abounding with ice ; like ice ; cold.
I-DE'A, n. Form of any thing in the mind ; notion ;
image in the mind ; an opinion.
I-D'AL, a. Existing in idea or in the fancy. STN.
Visionary; fanciful; imaginary; unreal.
I-DE'AL, n. Intellectual concep' ion. The ideal of
a thing (from beau ideal) is a conception of it in
its most perfect state. [idea.
I-DE'AL-I^M, n. Theory that every thing exists in
I-DE'AL-IST, n. A believer in idealism.
I-DE-AL'I-TY, n. A capacity for imaginative
thought.
T-DE'AL-LY, ad. In idea or imagination.
Z'DEX, [L.] The same.
I-DEN'TI-eAL, a. The very same ; not different.
I-DENTI-GAL-LY, ad. With sameness.
I-DEN-TI-FI-A'TION, n. Act of identifying.
1-DEN'TI-FX", v. t. To prove or to make the same ;
v. t. to become the same ; to coalesce in interest,
fto.
I-DEN'TI-TY, n. Sameness, as distinguished from
similitude and diversity.
ID-E-O-GRAPH'i-e, I a. Representing ideas in-
ID-E-0-GR APH'IC- AL, ) dependeutly of sound.
IDES (idz), n. pi. In the an>;ient Roman calendar,
the 15th day of March, May, July, and October,
and the 13th of the other months.
ID EST [L.] That is.
ID-I-O"RA-SY, n. Peculiarity of constitution.
lD'I-O-CY, n. Defect in understanding.
lD'I-OM, n. A mode of expression or construction
peculiar to a language. SYN. Dialect. The idi-
oms of a language belong to its very structure ;
its dialects are varieties of expression ingrafted
upon it in different localities or by different pro-
fessions. Each county of England has some pe-
culiarities of dialect, and so have most of the pro-
fessions, while the great idioms of the language
are ever' where the same.
ID-I-O BtATTe. a. Peculiar to a language.
ID-I-OP'A-THY, n. A primary disease not conse-
quent on nor complicated with other morbid af-
fections.
ID-I-O-SYN'^RA-SY, n. A peculiarity of consti-
tution ; peculiar temperament influencing char-
acter and actions.
ID'I-OT. n. A natural fool ; one deprived of sense.
- Like an idiot ; foolis:h -
ID'I-OT-ISM, n. Idiom; peculiarity of expres-
sion.
I'DLE (I'dl), a. Not employed; affording leisure ;
averse to labour ; of no use or effect. SYN. Indo-
lent ; lazy. Indolent denotes an habitual love of
ease, a settled dislike of movement or effort ; idle
is opposed to busy, and denotes a dislike of con-
tinuous exertion. An idle person may be active in
his way, but is reluctant to force himself to what
he does not like. Lazy is only a stronger and more
contemptuous term for indolent.
I'DLE, v. i. To waste time in idleness ; to idle aicay,
to spend in idleness, as time.
IDLE-NESS, n. State of doing nothing ; aversion
to labour. SYN. Inaction; indolence; sluggish-
ness ; slothfulness.
IT>LER, n. One who neglects his business.
I'DLY, ad. Sluggishly ; vainly ; foolishly.
I'DOL, n. An image to be worshipped ; a person
loved and honoured to admiration ; any thing
upon which we set our affections inordin-
ately.
I-DOL'A-TER, n. A worshipper of idols ; a great
admirer
I-DGL'A-TRIZE, v. v To worship idols.
as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
I-DOL'A-TROUS, o. Given to idolatry; partak-
ing of the nature of idolatry or excessive attach-
ment.
I-DOl/A-TROUS-LY, ad. By serving idols.
1-DOL'A-TRY, n. The worship of idols or images ;
excessive attachment or veneration for an object.
I'DOL-IZE, v. t. To love or venerate to excess or
adoration.
I-DO'NE-OUS, o. Fit; suitable; convenient.
I'DYL, n. A short pastoral poem.
I. E. for id est. [JL] That is.
IF is called a conjunction, but is truly a verb ia
the imperative, gif, gi e. Grant ; allow ; suppose ;
admit ; introducing a condition ; whether or not.
IG'NE-OUS, o. Relating to or consisting of fire or
resembling it ; in geology, proceeding from the
action of subterranean fire.
IO-N ES'CENT, a. Yielding sparks of fire.
IG-NIF'ER-OUS, a. Producing fire.
IG'NI-FORM, a. Like fire.
IG-NlG'E-NOUS, a. Produced by fire.
IG-NIP'O-TENT, a. Presiding over fire.
IG'tflS FATU-US, n. [L.] A meteor seen in the
night over marshy ground, supposed to be phos-
phoric matter from putrefying substances, called
also Will-o'-the-wisp, Jack with a lantern.
IG-NITE', v. t. To kindle or render luminous.
IG-NITE', v. i. To take fire ; to become red with
heat.
IG-NlT'I-BLE (ig-m'te-bl), a. Capable of being
ignited.
IG-NP'TION (-nish'un), n. The act of setting on
fire or taking fire ; the state of being kindled.
IG-NO'BLE, a. Of low birth ; of worthless proper-
ties; not honourable, elevated, or generous.
SYN. Degenerate ; degraded ; mean ; base ; dis-
honourable ; infamous ; shameful ; scandalous.
IG-NO'BLE-NESS, n. Meanness of birth; want of
dignity.
IG-NO'BLY, ad. Of low family ; meanly ; basely.
IG-NO-M1N'I-OUS, a. Incurring disgrace; of
mean- character ; very shameful ; worthy of con-
tempt. SYN. Cowardly; disgraceful; reproach-
ful ; dishonourable ; infamous ; despicable ; con-
temptible ; opprobrious.
IG-SO-MIN'I-OUS-LY, ad. Meanly; disgrace-
fully.
IG'NO-MIN-Y, n. Public disgrace for dishonour-
able conduct. SYN. Opprobrium; dishonour;
contempt ; shame ; reproach ; infamy.
IG-NO-EA'MUS, n.; pi. IG-NO-KI'MUS-ES. [L.] An
ignorant or foolish person.
IG'NO-RANCE, n. Want of knowledge.
IG'NO-RANT, a. Unacquainted with ; destitute
of knowledge or information. SYN. Illiterate.
Ignorant denotes want of knowledge, either as to
a single subject or to information in general;
illiterate refers to an ignorance of letters, or of
knowledge acquired by reading and study. In
the Middle Ages, a great proportion of the higher
classes were illiterate, and yet were far from being
ignorant, especially in regard to war and other ac-
tive pursuits.
IGNO-RANT-LY. ad. Without knowledge; un-
skilfully.
IG-NORE', v. t. To declare ignorance of; to pass
by as not proved, derived from the doings of a
grand jury, who ignore a bill when they refuse to
present it, indorsing thereon ignoramus, we are
ignorant of the merits of the case.
I'LEX, n. The holly ; also a kind of evergreen oak.
1L'I-A, a. Pertaining to the lower bowels. Iliac
passion, a painful disease of the smaller intestines ;
colic.
IL'I-AD, n. An epic poem by Homer.
ILK, n. The same; each.
ILL, a. The leading idea is, contrary (o good; hence,
production of evil ; unfortunate, &c. ; in a bad
state of health. See ILLNESS.
ILL, n. Whatever annoys or impairs happiness, or
prevents success. SYN. Evil ; harm ; wicked-
ness ; depravity ; misfortune ; pain ; calamity.
ILL
214
1MB
I, S, &c., long. I, fc, &c., short. CAKE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
ILL, ad. Not well, as ill-suited ; not rightly. The
use of illy for ill is an error which, ought to be
avoided. Ill, in composition, denotes evil or
wrong, or any bad quality.
IL-LAPSE', n. A sliding in or falling on ; entrance.
IL-LA'QUE-ATE, v. t. To ensnare ; to entangle.
IL-LA'TION, n. An inference ; conclusion.
IL'LA-TIVE, a. That may be inferred ; inferring.
IL-LAUD'A-BLE, a. Unworthy of praise.
ILL'-'BRED, a. Not well-bred ; impolite.
ILL'-BREED ING, n. Want of good breeding.
IL-L'GAL, a. Contrary to law ; unlawful ; wrong.
IL-LE-GAL'I-TY, n. Unlawfulness.
IL-LE'GAL-LY, ad. Unlawfully ; unjustly.
IL-LEG'I-BLE, a. That can not be read.
IL-LEG'I-BLY, ad. So that it cannot be read.
IL-LE-GIT'I-MA-CY, n. Bastardy; a want of legi-
timacy.
IL-LE-GlT'I-MATE, a. Unlawful; not genuine;
born out of wedlock ; not authorized by good
usage, as a word, &c.
ILL-FA'VOUR-ED (-fa'vourd), a. Ill-looking; ugly;
deformed.
IL-LiB'ER-AL, o. Not candid ; uncharitable ;
mean.
IL-LIB-ER-AL'I-TY, n. Narrowness of mind ;
meanness ; want of catholic opinion ; parsimony.
IL-LlB'ER-AL-LY, ad. Meanly; disingenuously.
IL-LIC'IT (-lis'it), a. Not permitted ; unlawful.
IL-LIC'IT-LY, ad. Unlawfully ; lawlessly.
IL-LlM'IT-A-BLE, a. That cannot be bounded.
SYN. Boundless ; immeasurable ; immense ;
vast.
IL-LlT'ER-A-CY, n. Want of learning ; ignorance.
IL-LlT'ER-ATE, a. Ignorant of letters or books ;
uninstructed in science, &c. SYN. Unlettered;
unlearned ; untaught. See IGNORANT.
IL-LlT'ER-ATE-NESS, n. Want of learning.
ILL-NAT'tJRE (-nate'yure), n. Habitual badness
of temper ; crabbedness ; peevishness.
ILL-NAT'ORED (-nate'yurd) , a. Of habitually bad
temper; indicating ill-nature. SYN. Crabbed;
fractious; froward; cross.
ILL'NESS, n. State of being ill; a continuous
disease. SYN. Sickness. Originally, sic/mess was
the English term for a continuous disease, as in
our version of the Scriptures, &c. Within the
present century, there has been a tendency to use
illness exclusively in this sense, and to confine
sickness more especially to a sense of nausea, or
" sickness of the stomach ;" hence it is common
to say of a friend, " He has been ill for some
weeks," " He has had a long illness."
IL-LOG'I-6-AL, a. Not according to logic.
IL-LOG'KJ-AL-LY, ad. With a want of logic.
1LL'-STARR#D (-stard), a. Fated to be unfortu-
nate, acording to the absurdities of astrology.
ILL'-T0RN, n. An unkind or injurious act ; slight
attack of illness.
IL-LtJDE', v. t. To mock or deceive.
IL-LUME', ") v. t. To enlighten ; to brighten ; to
IL-LU'MlNE, > adorn.
IL-LCT'MI-NATE, v. t. To enlighten ; to illustrate ;
to adorn with pictures, ornamented letters, &c.,
as manuscripts.
IL-LU-MI-NA'TI, n. pi.) Literally, those who have
IL-LU-MI-NEE', n. f been enlightened; a
name assumed by persons claiming a superior
light on some subject, particularly by certain
philosophers at the commencement of the 19th
century, who conspired against Christianity.
IL-LU-MI-NA'TION, n. Act of making luminous
or of enlightening the mind ; a mode of express-
ing joy by bonfires and lighting up the windows,
&c. ; that which gives light ; art or practice of
adorning manuscripts, &c. ; a manuscript so
adorned; inspiration.
IL-LU'MI-NA-TOR, n. He or that which illumi-
nates or gives light; one whose occupation is to
decorate manuscripts and books, &c.
IL-LU'SION (-lu'zhun), n. Deceptive appearance
false show by which one may be disappointed.
SYN. Mockery ; deception ; chimera ; fallacy }
error ; delusion, which see.
[L-LC'SION-IST, n. One given to illusion.
IL-LtT'SIVE, a. Deceiving by false show.
IL-LU'SO-RY, a. Imposing on; fallacious.
IL-LUS'TRATE, v.t. To make clear ; to explain ;
to make distinguished; to explain and adorn by
means of pictures.
IL-LUS-TRA'TION, n. Explanation; exposition;
act of making bright or glorious ; an engraving or
picture designed to explain, &c.
IL-LUS'TRA-TIVE, a. Tending to explain.
IL'LUS-TRA-TOR, n. One who makes clear or
adorns by pictures, &c.
IL-LUSTRI-OUS, a. Distinguished by reputation
of greatness; conferringhouour or renown; mani-
festing glory or excellence ; a title of honour.
SYN. Eminent; conspicuous; famous; celebrated;
noble; glorious; distinguished, which see.
IL-LOS'TRI-OUS-LY, ad. Conspicuously; with
dignity or distinction.
ILL-WILL', n. Unkind or hostile feeling. SYN.
Malice ; hatred ; pique ; enmity.
EM, in composition, is the usual representative of the
Latin in.
IM'AGE, n. The similitude of a person or thing ;
a statue; an idol; an idea: in rhetoric, a lively
description ; figure of an object made by rays of
light, &c.
IM'AGE, v. t. To form a likeness in idea ; to re-
present.
iM'AGE-RY, n. Sensible representation ; show ; a
lively description ; figures in discourse.
IM-AG'IN-A-BLE, a. Possible to be conceived.
IM-AG'IN-A-RY, a. Existing only in imagination or
fancy. SYN. Fancied; ideal; unreal; visionary;
chimerical ; fanciful.
IM-AG-IN-A'TION, n. That power by which we
take parts of our conceptions and combine them
into new forms and images more select, more
striking, more delightful, terrible, &c., than those
of ordinary nature ; an image formed in the mind.
SYN. Fancy. These terms are often confound-
ed, but more properly apply to distinct exercises
of the same general power the plastic or creative
faculty. Imagination is the higher efercise; it
creates by laws more closely connected with the
reason ; it has strong emotion as its actuating and
formative cause ; it aims at results of a definite
and important character. Milton's fiery lake, the
debates of his Pandemonium, the exquisite scenes
of his Paradise, are all products of the imagina-
tion. Fancy moves on a lighter wing ; it is gov-
erned by laws of association which are more re-
mote and sometimes arbitrary or capricious ; it
has for its actuating spirit feelings of a gay, and
versatile character ; it seeks to please by unex-
pected combinations of thought, startling con-
trasts, brilliant imagery, &c. Pope's Rape of
the Lock is an exhibition of fancy, which has
scarcely its equal in the literature of any country.
Imagination's power creates
What Fancy only decorates.
IM-AG'IN-A-TiVE, a. Pertaining to or governed
by the imagination.
IM-AG'lNE, v. t. To form ideas in the mind ; to
have a notion or idea; to modify and combine
conceptions ; to contrive in purpose. SYN. To
fancy ; conceive ; think ; believe ; plan ; devise ;
scheme; contrive.
I-MAM', ) n. A priest among the Mohammedans,
I-MAUM', > or a Mohammedan prince with spiri-
I'MAN, } tual and temporal power.
IM-BAND , t). t. To form into a band or bands.
IM-BANK', v. t. To enclose or defend with a
bank.
IM-BANK'MENT, n. Act of enclosing with a
bank ; enclosure by a bank ; a bank formed.
IM-BATHE', v. t. To bathe all over.
IM'BE-CILE (im'be-sil), a. Destitute of strength
either of body or mind. SYN. Debilitated; feeble;
infirm; weak; languid; impotent.
1MB
215
IMM
J)6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; RULE, BT7XL ; Vf'CIOUS.
ni-BE-ClL'I-TY, 7i. Want of strength ; feebleness
of body or mind. See DEBILITY.
IM-J5ED', v. t. To sink or cover, as in a bed.
IM-BlBE', v. t. To drink ; to absorb ; to receive and
retain.
IM-B1TTEE, v. t. To make bitter; to exasperate
to make unhappy ; to render more violent.
IM-BOD'Y. See EMBODY.
IM-BOR'I)EE, v. t. To furnish or adorn with a
border ; to bound.
IM-BOSK', v. t. To conceal, as in bushes.
IM-BO'SOM (-bnz'um), v. t. To embrace or hold in
the bosom ; to hold in nearness and intimacy.
IM-BOW, v. t. To make of circular form.
iM'BRI-eATE, ->a. Bent or hollowed like a roof-
lM'BEI-eA-TED, > tile; lapping over like the
tiles of a roof, or as leaves in the bud.
IM-BEI-CJA'TION, n. A concave indenture like
that of tiles.
IM-BROGL'IO (im-brol'yo), n. An intricate, com
plicated plot ; intricacy.
IM-BEOWN', v. t. To make brown or dark ; to
tan, as the complexion.
IM-BRUE' (31) (im-bru'), v. t. To steep; to moisten
to drench in blood.
IM-BRUTE', v. t. To degrade to the state of a
brute ; v. i. to sink to the state of a brute.
IM-BUE' (im-bu'), v. t. To tincture deeply; to
tinsre: to cause to imbibe.
IM-BORSE', v. t. To stock with money.
IM-BUESE'MENT, n. The act of supply ing money;
money laid up in stock.
IM'I-TA-BLE, a. That may be imitated or copied.
IM'I-TATE, v. t. To follow in manners ; to copy in
form, colour, or quality ; to counterfeit.
IM-I-TA TION, n. Act of copying or following :
that which is made or produced as a copy ; a
likeness ; a resemblance.
IM I-TA-TlVE, a. That imitates ; aiming at like
ness ; inclined to follow in manner.
lM'1-TA-TOE, n. One who copies or attempts a
resemblance ; one who follows in manner or de-
portment.
IM-MA;'C-LATE,a. Spotless; pure; undefiled.
IM-MA'U-LATE-]SrESS, n. Spotless purity.
IM-MAL'LE-A-BLE, a. That cannot be hammered
out.
IM-MA-NA'TION, 71. A flowing or entering in.
IM'MA-NEN-CY, n. Internal dwelling.
IM'MA-NENT, a. Inherent ; having a permanent
existence, as an immanent volition.
IM-.MAN'I-TY, 7i. Barbarity; cruelty.
IM-MAN'C EL, n. [Heb.] God with us ; a prophetic
name given to the Saviour.
IM-MASK', v. t. To disguise, as with a mask.
IM-MA-TE'RI-AL, a. Not consisting of matter, as
immaterial spirits ; without weight ; of no essential
consequence. SYN. Incorporeal; unsubstantial;
spiritual ; unimportant ; inconsiderable ; trifling ;
insignificant.
IM-MA-TE'EI-AL-ISM, 71. The doctrine of the
existence or state of spiritual substances, or
spiritual being.
IM-MA-TE'EI-AL-IST, 71. One who professes im-
materiality.
rM-MA-T-EI-AL'I-TY, \n. The state or quality
IM-MA-TE'RI-AL-NESS, 5 of being immaterial.
IM-MA-T'RI-AL-LY, ad. As not depending on
matter : so as to be unimportant.
IM-MA-TCEE', a. Imperfect in growth; not ar-
rived at fulness or completeness ; come before the
natural time. SYN. Premature; unripe; incom-
plete ; hasty ; early ; too forward.
IM-MA-TORE'LY, ad. Too early ; unseasonably.
IM-MA-TOEE'NESS,") n. Unripeness; incom-
IM-MA-TO'RI-TY, j pleteness.
IM-MEAS'UR-BLE (im-rnezh'ur-a-bl), a. That can
not be measured ; immense.
IM-MEAS'UE-A-BLY, ad. Beyond all measure.
IM-ME-eHAN'I-AL, a. Not according to the
laws of mechanics ; not by mechanical means.
IM-M'DI-ATE, o. Acting without a medium, or
e as K ; 6 as J ; B as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
the intervention of another cause or means ; not
acting by second causes, as, the immediate will of
God ; without intervening time. SYN. Proxi-
mate ; direct; efficient; un delayed ; instant.
IM-ME'DI-ATE-LY, ad. Without the intervention
of any means ; without delay. See DIRECTLY.
IM-ME'DI-ATE-NESS, n. Exemption from inter-
vening causes ; presence as to time.
IM-MED'I-A-BLE, a. That can not be healed.
IM-ME-LO'DI-OUS, a. Without melody.
IM-ME-MO'EI-AL, a. The origin of which is be-
vond memory.
IM-ME-MO'EI-AL-LY, ad. Beyond memory.
IM-MENSE', a. Without bounds ; vast in extent ;
without known or defined limit ; huge in bulk.
SYN. Infinite; immeasurable; illimitable; inter-
minable ; prodigious ; enormous ; monstrous.
IM-MENSE'LY, ad. Without limits ; vastly.
IM-MEN'SI-TY, ) TV. Unlimited extension;
IM-MENSE'NESS, j vastness in bulk.
IM-MEN-SU-EA-BlL'I-TY, n. Impossibility of
being measured or bounded.
IM-MEN'SU-RA-BLE (-men'sfcur-a-bl), a. That
can not be measured.
IM-MERfiE', v. t. To plunge into a fluid.
IM-MEEGE', v. i. To disappear by entering into a
medium, as into light or shadow.
IM-MERSE', v. t. To put into or under water or
any other fluid ; to sink or cover deep ; to plunge ;
to overwhelm ; to involve ; to engage deeply.
IM-MER'SION (-mer'shun), n. A plunging com-
pletely or being plunged into some fluid ; state of
Toeing completely occupied, as in business ; en-
trance of a heavenly body into light or shade so as
to disappear.
IM-MESH', r. t. To entangle in meshes.
IM-ME-THOD'I!-AL, a. Having no method ; with-
out systematic arrangement, order, or regularity.
SYN. Irregular ; confused ; unsystematic ; dis-
orderly; undigested.
IM'MI-GKANT, n. A person that removes into a
country as a permanent residence.
IM'MI-GEATE, v. t. To remove into a country for
residence.
IM-Ml-GEA'TION, 71. Removal into a country for
residence.
iM'MI-NENCE, 7i. Literally, a hanging over ; hence
some impending evil or danger.
JM'MI-NENT, a. Literally, hanging directly over ;
hence, about to fall or overwhelm ; urgent in the
highest degree. SYN. Impending ; threatening.
Imminent is the strongest ; it denotes that some-
thing is ready to fall on the instant, as, in im-
minent danger of one's life; impending denotes
that something hangs suspended over us, and may
so remain indefinitely, as the impending evils of
war ; threatening supposes some danger in pro-
spect, but more remote, as threatening indications
for the future.
IM-MIS-CI-BlL'I-TY, n. Incapacity of being mixed.
IM-MIS'CI-BLE, a. Incapable of being mixed.
IM-MIS'SION, n. Act of sending in.
IM-MlT', v. t. To aend in ; to inject.
IM-MIT'I-GA-BLE, a. That can not be mitigated.
IM-MIX', v. t. To mix ; to mingle.
IM-MO-BtL'I-TY, n. Fixedness in place or state ;
resistance to motion ; state of being unmoved.
IM-MOIXEE-ATE, a. Exceeding just or usual
bounds; not confined to proper limits. SYN. Ex-
cessive ; extravagant.
IM-MftD'ER-ATE-LY, ad. In an immoderate or
unreasonable manner ; excessively.
IM-MOD'EE-ATE-NESS, n. A state of exceeding
just or usual bounds ; extravagance.
IM-M<5D'EST, a. Literally, not limited to due
bounds ; hence wanting in decency and delicacy ;
wanting in chastity. SYN. Indecorous; impure;
indelicate ; shameless ; indecent.
IM-MOD'EST-LY, ad. Without due reserve; un-
chastely.
IM-MOD'EST-Y, n. Want of modesty, delicacy, or
reserve.
IMM 216
1, 1, &c., long. I, S, &c., sTiorf. C!RE, F!R, LAST
1MTMO-LATE, v. t. To sacrifice, as a victim.
IM-MO-LA'TION, n. Act of sacrificing ; a sacrific
offered up.
IM'MO-LA-TOR, n. One who sacrifices.
IM-MOR'AL, o. Inconsistent with moral recti
tude ; contrary to the Divine law SYN. Wicked
vicious ; depraved ; profligate ; licentious ; evil.
IM-MO-RAL'I-TY, n. Any act or practice contrarj
to the Divine law or social duties. SYN. In
justice; dishonesty; pride; slander; profane
ness; gambling; intemperance; wickedness; vi
ciousness; impurity; licentiousness. All crimes
are immoralities, but crime expresses more than
immorality.
IM-MOR'AL-LY, ad. In a wicked or vicious man
ner.
IM-MOR'TAL, a. Never dying or ending ; having
, unlimited existence ; destined to perpetual fame
SYN. Eternal; everlasting; ceaseless; endless
imperishable; incorruptible; deathless.
IM-MOR-TAL1-TY, n. Immortal existence; per
petuity ; exemption from oblivion.
IM-MOR'TAL-1ZE, v. t. To make immortal; to
exempt from oblivion.
IM-MOR'TAL-LY, ad. With endless existence, or
exemption from oblivion.
IM-MOV-A-BIL'I-TY, > n. Steadfastness that
IM-MOV'A-BLE-NESS, 5 cannot be moved or
shaken.
IM-MOV'A-BLE (-moov'a-bl), a. That can not be
moved, altered, or affected; not susceptible of
tender feelings ; not liable to be moved; not to be
shaken or agitated. SYN. Fixed; stable; steadfast
unchangeable.
IM-MOVA-BLE-NESS, n. The state of being im
movable.
IM-MOV'A-BLBS (-moov'a-blz), n. pi. In law, the
opposite of movables.
IM-MOV'A-BLY (-moov'a-bly), ad. With unshaken
firmness.
LM-MO'NI-TY, n. Exemption from duty, charge,
or tax ; peculiar privilege ; freedom.
IM-MORE', v. t. To inclose in walls ; to confine ;
to imprison.
IM-MO'SI-AL, a. Not musical ; inharmonious.
IM-MU-TA-Bf L'l-TY, i 71. Possessing the quality
IM-MC'TA-BLE-NESSJ of not being changed.
IM-MC'TA-BLE, a. That cannot be changed.
IM-MO'TA-BLY, ad. Unchangeably ; unalterably
invariably.
IMP, v. t. To graft ; to lengthen ; to enlarge.
IMP, n. Offspring ; a graft ; a child.
IM-PA-GT, -v. t. To drive close together ; to make
tight.
IM-PA-GT', n. Act of striking against another
body ; impression ; blow or stroke received from
another body.
EM-PAIR' (4), v. t. To make worse ; to diminish in
quantity, value, or excellence ; to make less strong.
SYN. To weaken ; injure; enfeeble; decrease.
IM-PALE', v. t. To fix on a stake ; to enclose with
stakes. &c. See EMPALE.
IM-PALE'MENT, n. Act of impaling.
IM-PAL-PA-B1L'I-TY, n. Quality of not being
perceptible by the touch.
IM-PAL'PA-BLE, a. That cannot be felt; not
coarse or gross ; fine.
IM-PAL'PA-BLY, ad. So as not to be felt or ap-
preciated.
IM-PAL'SY (-
IM-PA-NA'TK ,
union of Christ's body with the bread in the Eu-
charist ; consubstantiation.
IM-PAN'NEL, . t. To form or enrol a jury.
IM-PAR'A-DISE, v. t. To make happy ; to put in a
place or state of felicity.
IM -PAR'I-TY, n. Difference of degree, rank, or ex-
cellence ; inequality ; disproportion.
IM-PARK', v. t. To enclose for making a park.
IM-PART', v. t. To make another a sharer in ; to
bestow on another ; to convey knowledge of some-
thing; to show by words or tokens. SYN. To
-pol'zy), v. t. To paralyze ; to deaden.
ION, n. The supposed presence and
IMP
FALL WH^T ; THftRE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BIRD
give; grant; share; confer; reveal; disclose;
communicate, which see.
IM-PAR'TIAL (-par'shalj, a. Free from bias; not
favouring one more than another.
IM-PAR-TA'TION, n. The act of conferring.
IM-PAR-TIAL'I-TY, n. Freedom from bias ; indif-
ference of opinion or judgment. SYN. Justice;
disinterestedness ; equitableness.
IM-PAR TIAL-LY, ad. Without prejudice or bias
of judgment; justly; equitably.
IM-PART'I-BLE, a. Not partible ; that may be con-
ferred, bestowed, or communicated.
IM-PART'MENT, n. Act of communicating.
IM-PASS'A-BLE, n. That cannot be passed ; not
admitting a passage. SYN. Impervious ; impene-
trable ; pathless.
IM-PAS-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Exemption from suffer-
ing or pain ; insusceptibility of injury from with-
out.
IM-PAS'SI-BLE, a. Incapable of passion or pain.
IM-PAS'SION (-pash'un), v. t. To affect with pas-
sion.
IM-PAS'SION-ATE, v. t. To affect powerfully.
IM-PAS'SION- ATE, a. Strongly affected ; without
passion or feeling.
IM-P ASSIGNED (-pash'und), o. Animated; ex.
pressive of passion or ardour.
IM-PAS'SIVE, a. Not susceptible of pain or suffer*
IM n p'AS'SlVE-LY, ad. Without sensibility to
IM- a pAS-Sly'I-TT, n. The state or quality of being
insusceptible of feeling pain or suffering.
IM-PAS-TA'TION, n. A union or mixture of dif-
ferent substances by means of cements.
IM-PASTE', v. t. To knead ; to make into paste ;
to lay on colours thick.
IM-PA'TIENCE (-shencej, . Uneasiness under
want, pain, delay, &c. ; the not enduring of pain
with composure.
IM-PA'TIENT (-shent), a. Not quiet under suffer-
ing or want; hasty; not enduring delay; un-
easy.
IM-PA'TIENT-LY, ad. With uneasiness or rest-
lessness ; ardently.
CM-PAWN', v. t. To pawn ; to pledge as security.
IM-PEACH' (-peech'), v. t To charge with crime
or impropriety ; appropriately, to present for trial
before the proper tribunal, as a public officer in
certain cases ; to call in question, as the veracity
of a witness. SYN. To arraign ; indict ; crimi-
nate 5 censure ; accuse, which see.
IM-PEACH'A-BLE, a. Liable to impeachment.
IM-PEACH'ER, n. One who accuses.
IM-PEACH'MENT, n. Act of impeaching ; accu-
sation before a competent tribunal.
IM-PEARL' (-perl'), v. t. To adorn with pearls.
IM-PE-A-BlLTrY, n. The quality of not being
liable to sin ; exemption from sin.
M-PKe';A-BLE, a. Not subject to sin ; perfect.
M-PEDE', v. t. Literally, to act against the feet ;
to hold back or obstruct by some opposing cause.
SYN. To hinder ; arrest ; delay ; retard.
M-PED'I-MENT, n. That which checks or im-
pedes progress ; that which prevents ease and flu-
ency of speech. SYN. Obstacle ; difficulty ; hin-
derance. An impediment literally strikes against
our feet, and we remove it ; an obstacle rises up
before us in our path, and we surmount it; a
difficulty sets before us something hard to be done,
and we encotmter it and overcome it ; a hinder-
ance holds us back for a time, but we breafc away
from it.
IM-PEL', v. f. To urge or drive forward -. to put
under strong pressure ; to excite strongly to ac-
tion. SYN. To instigate; incite; compel ; induce.
IM-PEL'LENT, n. A power that drives forward; a.
having the quality of impelling.
IM-PEND', v. i. To hang over ; to threaten ; to be
near or ready to fall on.
IMP
217
IMP
D6VE, WQLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BTTLL ; VICIOUS.
IM-PEND'ENT, ") a. Hanging over ; approaching
IM-PENIXING, $ near ; pressing closely. SYN.
Imminent ; menacing ; instant. See IMMINENT.
IM-PEN-E-TRA-BIL'I-TY, if. Quality of not being
penetrable.
IM-PEN'E-TRA-BLE. a. That can not be pierced ;
not to be affected or moved ; impervious ; stupid;
not to be entered or viewed by the sight or mind ;
un discoverable.
IM-PEN'E-TRA-BLY, ad. So as not to be penetrated
or pierced.
IM-PEN'I-TENCE, ) n . Want of penitence ; ob-
IM-PEN'I-TEN-CY, ]" duracy ; hardness of heart.
IM-PEN'I-TENT, n. One who does not repent ; a.
not repenting of sin ; of a hard heart.
IM-PEN'I-TENT-LY, ad. Without repentance.
IM-PEN'NATE, a. Wingless ; having very short
wings, covered with squamose feathers.
IM-PER'A-TIVE, a. Having authority ; command-
ing; pressing.
IM-PER'A-TIVE-LY, ad. With command.
IM-PER-CEIV'A-BLE, -) a. Not to be perceived ;
IM-PER-CEP TI-BLE, ) very small ; mix.ute ; very
slow in progress.
IM-PER-CEP'TI-Blvy, ad. So as net to be per-
ceived.
IM-PER'FET (13), a. Not finished; not com-
plete ; defective ; liable to err ; not entire, sound,
or whole; in l>ota;iv, wanting stamens or pistils.
IM-PER-FE"TION, n. The want of something
necessary to complete a thing; in book-binding, a
sheet or signature wanting to complete a bock.
SYN. Defect; deficiency; fault; failing ; weak-
ness ; foible : blemish ; vice.
IM-PER'FEf -LY, ad. Not fully or completely.
IM-PER'FO-RA-BLE, a. That- can not be perfor-
ated or pierced.
IM-PERTO-RATE, " a. Not perforated or
IM-PER'FO-RA-TEB, j pierced; having no pores.
IM-PE'Rl-Au, a. Belonging to an emperor or an
empire : royal ; commanding.
IM-PE'PiI-AL, n. A tuft of hair under the lower
lip, first worn by the Imperialist troops.
IM-PE'RI-AL-IST, n. The subject of an emperor.
IM-PE'RI-AL-LY, aJ, As though royal or com-
manding.
!M-PER'1L. v. t. To bring into dansrer.
IM-PE'RI-OUS, c. Noting a spirit of arrogance
and dictation; commanding, as imperious words.
^YN. Lordly ; domineering. One who is impe-
rious exercises his authoiity in a manner highly
offensive for its spirit and tone ; one who is lordly
assximos a lofty air in order to display his import-
ance ; one who is domineering gives orders IP a
way to make others feel their inferiority.
IM-PE'Rl-OUS-LY, ad. Insolently; with com-
mand.
IM-P'RI-OUS-NESS, . Commanding authority;
haughtiness.
IM-PER'ISH-A-BIiE, a. Not likely to perish.
IM-PER-MA-NENCE, n. Want of continued du-
ration.
r&l-PER-ME-A-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of not
allowing 1 fluids to pass through.
Ol-PER'ME-A-BLE, a. That^ whose pores can not
be passed through.
r&l-PER'SON-AL, a. Having no person, as a verb.
IM-PER-SON-AL'1-TY, n. Indistinctness of per-
sonality.
IM-PER'SON-AL-LY, ad. Without a personal
nominative.
IM-PER'SON-ATE, v. t. To assume or represent
the person or character of another ; personify
IM-PER-SON- VTION, n. The act of personifying,
or represent .L. i -r timags without life as persons.
IM-PER-SPI- 01-TY, n. Want of clearness to the
mind.
IM-PER-SPl'tT-OUS, a. Not perspicuous or plain.
IM-PER-SUA'$I-BLE, a. Not to be persuaded or
moved by arsument.
IM-PER'TI-NENCE, ") n. Literally, that which
IM-PER'TI-NEN-CY,/ does not pertain to the
. -e as K; 6 as j; e as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
case in hand ; hence, unbecoming intrusion ; rudt
interference with others, either in words or ac-
tions ; something of little or no value. SYN. Ir-
relevance ; rudeness ; sauciness ; obtrusiveness ;
officiousness ; intermeddling.
IM-PER'TI-NENT (13), a. Literally, not pertaining
to the matter in hand ; hence, rudely irrelevant,
as an impertinent remark ; rudely obtrusive,
as an impertinent fellow. SYN. Officious. A per-
son is officious who intrudes his offices or assist-
ance where they are not needed ; he is impertinent
when he intermeddles in things with which he has
no concern. The former shows a want of tact ; the
latter a want of breeding, or, more commonly, a
spirit of sheer impudence.
IM-PER'Tl-NENT-LY, ad. In a rude, irrelevant
manner ; officiously.
IM-PER-TOR'BA-BLE, a. That can not be dis-
turbed, [tiou.
IM-PER-TUR-BA'TION, n. Freedom from agita-
IM-PER'VI-A-BLE, a. Not to be penetrated.
IM-PER'VI-OUS (13), a. Not to be penetrated ;
not penetrable by a pointed instrument or by
light; not permeable to fluid. SYN. Impassable;
pathless; impenetrable; impermeable.
IM-PER'VI-OUS-LY, ad. In a manner to prevent
passaa-e or penetration,
IM-PER'^ I-OUS-NESS, n. State of not admitting
a passa.ge.
IM-FE-TI'GO, n A pustular eruption.
IM'PE-TRATE, . t. To obtain by request.
IM-PE TRA'TION, n. Act of obtaining by request,
prayer, or petition.
m-PET-fl-OSl-TY, n. A rushing with violence;
furiousness of temper SYN. Rapidity ; fury ;
vehemence ; fierceness ; passion.
IM-PET'0-OUS (-pfct'yu.ua), a. Rushing with vio-
lence ; vehement of mind ; moving with precipi-
tation or violence. SYN. Forcible ; rapid ; hasty ;
furious : boisterous; fierce; passionate.
IM-PET'C-OUS-LY, ad. With vehemence; furi-
ously.
IM-PET'C-OUS-NESS, n. Violence of motion or
of temper.
IM'PE-TUS, n. Force of motion; impulse; mo-
mentum.
IM-PIERCE', v. t. To pierce through.
IM-PI'E-TY, n. Irreverence to the Supreme
Being ; contempt of the Divine character and au-
thority ; neglect of the Divine precepts ; any act
of wickedness. SYN. Ungodliness ; irreligion ;
unrighteousness ; supineness ; profaneness ; in-
fidelity ; blasphemy.
IM-PtNGE', v. t. To fall or dash with force against.
IM'PI-OUS, a. Irreverent toward God ; manifest-
ing contempt for his authority ; tending to dis-
honour him, &c. SYN. Ungodly ; profane ; irre-
ligious ; wicked ; sinful ; rebellious.
IM'PI-OUS-LY, ad. With irreverence ; profanely.
JM'PI-OUS-NESS, n. Contempt of God.
IMP'ISH, a. Having the qualities of an imp.
IM-PLA-A-BiL'I-TY, ") n. The quality of being
IM-PLA'!A-BLE-NESS,3 not appeasable; inex-
orableuess ; irreconcilable anger or hatred.
rM-PLA'A-BLE, o. Not to be appeased or made
peaceful ; constant in enmity ; not to be sub-
dued. SYN. Inexorable ; unappeasable ; irrecon-
cilable ; unrelenting ; relentless malicious ; stub-
born.
IM-PLA'-eA-BLY, ad. With unappeasable enmity.
IM-PLANT', v. t. To set, plant, or infix for growth.
SYN to insert; ingraft; introduce; instil; in-
fuse, [the mind.
IM-PLAN-TA'TION, n. Act of setting or fixing in
IM-PLAU'ST-BLE, a. Not plausible or wearing the
appearance of truth.
IM-PLEAD', v. t. To sue or prosecute at law.
IM'PLE-MENT, n. Whatever may supply wants ;
a tool or instrument ; utensil.
IM-PLE-MENT'ING, a. Supplying ; fulfilling.
IM-PL'TION (-ple'shun), n. Act of filling up;
fulness.
IMP
213
IMP
I, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
IM'PLEX, o. Having a complicate nature; intri-
cate ; infolded.
IM'PLI-ATE, v. t. To infold; to involve; to
bring into connection with ; to show to be con-
nected or concerned.
IM-PLI-A'TION, n. Act of involving; tacit infer-
ence.
lM'PLI-A-TlVE, o. Having implication.
IM-PLiC'IT (im-plis'it), o. Literally, wrapped up
in ; hence, implied though not expressed, as an
implicit engagement ; resting wholly on another,
as implicit confidence.
IM-PLIC'IT-LY, ad. By inference ; unreservedly.
IM-PLIC'IT-NESS, n. State of trusting without
reserve.
IM-PLl'ED-LY, ad. By implication.
IM-PLO-RA'TION, n. Earnest supplication.
IM-PLOEE', v. t. To call upon or for, in supplica-
tion ; to pray earnestly ; to petition with urgency.
SiN. To supplicate ; beseech; entreat; solicit;
beg; crave.
IM-PLOR'ER, n. One who supplicates earnestly.
IM-PLOR'ING-LY, ad. In the way of earnest be-
seeching.
IM-PLCMED' (-plumd'),) o. Having no plumes or
IM-PLOM'OTTS, I" feathers.
IM-PLU'VI-UM, n. The shower-bath ; an embro-
cation ; anciently, the outer part of the court of a
house exposed to the weather.
1M-PLY', v. i. To contain in substance or by in-
ference. SYN. To include ; denote; involve, which
see.
IM-POI'SON (-poi'zn), v. t. To poison; to imbit-
IM-P&L'I-CY, n. In expedience ; defect of wisdom.
IM-PO-LlTE', a. Not having or using politeness.
SYN. Uncivil ; rude ; discourteous ; ill-bred.
IM-PO-LITE'LY, ad. Uncivilly; rudely.
IM-PO-LITE-NESS, . "Want of good manners ;
ill-breeding.
IM-POL'I-TI-G, a. Not wise ; not adapted to the
end. SYN. Indiscreet; incautious; inexpedient;
ill-advised.
IM-PON-DER-A-BlL'I-TY, } n. Destitution of
IM-PGN'DEE-A-BLE-NESS, 5 sensible weight.
IM-PON'DER-A-BLE, > a. Having no sensible
IM-PON'DEE-OUS, 5 weight.
IM-PO-EGS'I-TY, n. Want of pores ; compactness.
IM-PO'EOUS, a. Having no pores ; compact.
IM-POET', v. t. To bring from another country or
port ; to bear or convey, as signification or mean-
ing ; to be of moment or consequence. SYN. To
introduce ; denote ; mean ; signify ; imply ; in-
terest ; concern.
iM-'POET, n. That which is borne or conveyed by
words ; meaning ; signification ; that which is
brought in from, another country or state, gener-
ally in the plural, as, our imports exceed our ex-
ports ; weight, consequence, or importance.
IM-POET' A-BLE, a. That may be imported.
IM-POE'TANCE, n. Literally, that which is brought
in ; hence, that which seriously affects our inter-
ests, or the case in hand ; weight or consequence.
SYN. Moment; significance; value ; magnitude;
seriousness ; urgency.
IM-POE'TANT, a. Of great consequence ; bearing
seriously on some interest or result ; weighty.
SYN. Grave ; serious ; influential ; urgent ; mo-
mentous ; forcible.
IM-POB'TANT-LY, ad. With importance.
IM-POR-TA'TION, n. Act of bringing, as goo'^,
from foreign countries into one's own; goods
thus brought in.
IM-POET'EE, n. One who brings from, abroad
goods, &c.
IM-PGRT'tJ-NATE (-pSrt'y u-nate) , a. Pressing
with solicitation ; urgent for gratification, as ap-
petitos.
IM-PORT'tT-NATE-LY, ad. With urgent solicitation.
IM-PORT'tJ-NATE-NESS, n. Pressing solicitation.
IM-POR-TXJNE', v. t. To urge with vehemence and
frequency.
FALL, WHAT ; THRE, T&RM ; MABfcra, BLRD ; MOVE,
IM-POR-TC'NI-TY, 71. Urgency in request.
IM-POS'A-BLE, a. That may be laid on.
IM-POSE', v. t. To lay on, as a burden, tax, duty,
or penalty ; to place over by authority or force ;
to lay on, as a command, or as hands in ordi-
nation ; among printers, to put the pages on the
stone, and fit on the chase, and prepare the form
for the press. To impose on, is to deceive ; de-
lude.
IM-POS'EE, n. One who imposes or enjoins.
IM-POS'ING-LY, ad. As if by authority.
IM-POS'ING-STONE, n. The stone on which prin-
ters make up their forms.
IM-PO-SFTION (-zish'un), n. A laying on, as of
hands in ordination ; something laid on, as a duty,
excise, &c. ; some trick or deception by which one
is imposed upon. See DECEPTION.
IM-POS-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. That which can not be.
IM-POS'SI-BLE, a. That can not bo or be done.
See IMPRACTICABLE.
IM'POST, n. Duty on goods paid by the importer ;
part of a pillar in vaults and arches on which the
weight of the building rests ; cornice which serves
for the base in building an arch. SYN. Toll ;
tribute ; excise : custom ; duty.
IM-POST HU-MATE, v. i. To gather into an ab-
scess or apostemo ; v. t. to affect with an abscess.
IM-POST-HU-MA'TION, n. The forming of an
abscess.
nt-POST'HDME (-posfhume), n. An abscess ; an
aposteme.
IM-POS'TOR, n. One who imposes on others ; a
deceiver.
IM-POST'OEE (-post'ynr), n. Deception practised
under a false guise or assumed character. SYN.
Cheat ; fraiid ; trick ; imposition ; delusion.
IM'PO-TENCE, \n. Want of power, animal or
IM'PO-TEN-CY, j intellectual ; want of inclina-
tion to resist or overcome habits, &c. ; inability
to procreate. SYN. Weakness; feebleness; im-
becility ; inability ; infirmity.
IM'PO-TENT, a. Weak ; wanting competent
power.
IM'PO-TENT-LY, ad. Weakly ; without power over
the passions.
IM-POUND', v. t. To confine in a pound; to re-
strain within limits.
IM-P6VER-ISH, v. t. To reduce to poverty ; to
exhaust strength, richness, and fertility.
EM-POVER-ISH-MENT, n. A reducing to indi-
gence ; exhaustion of fertility.
IM-PEA)'TI-A-BLE, a. That can not be per-
formed, or not with the means proposed ; im-
passable, as the road is impracticable [Pr.] ; stub-
born; unmanageable, as a man of impracticable
will. SYN. Impossible. A thing is ivupracticable
when it can not be accomplished by any human
means at present possessed ; a thing is impossible
when the laws of nature forbid it. The naviga-
tion of a river may now be impracticable, but not
impossible, because the existing obstructions may
yet be removed.
IM-PBA!TI-!A-BLE-NESS, ") n. The state or
IM-PEA-G-TI-GA-BlL'I-TY, j quality of being
beyond human power or the means proposed, or
of being managed and swayed. SYN. Impossi-
bility ; infeasibility ; untractableness ; unman-
ageableness ; stubbornness.
IM'PBE-<DATE, v. t. To invoke, as an evil or curse
on one.
IM-PEE-<3A'TION, n. The invocation of evil.
SYN . Curse ; execration ; malediction ; anathema.
IM'PEE-!A-TO-EY, a. Containing a prayer for
evil to befall a person.
IM-PEE-CIS'ION (-sizh'un), n. Want of accuracy.
IM-PEEG'NA-BLE, a. Not to be stormed or taken
by assault ; able to resist an attack ; not to be
moved or impressed. [defy force.
IM-PEEG'NA-BLY, ad. So as to resist assault or
IM-PREG'NATE, v. t. To make pregnant ; to de-
posit pollen on the pistils of a flower ; to commu-
nicate the virtues of one thing to another.
IMP
219
IN
D6VE, WQLF, B9QK ; K^LE, BULL ; Vl"dOTJS. as K; G as J ; S as Z ; CHaSSH; THIS.
IM-PEEGr-NA'TION, n. Act of impregnating; com-
munication of particles or virtues of one thing
to another ; that with which any thing is so af-
fected.
IM-PEESS', v. t. Literally, to press in ; hence, to
stamp or imprint ; to fix deep, as a truth in the
mind ; to affect, as favourably -impressed ; to force
into the service of the public, as seamen, &c.
IM'PRESS, n. That which is impressed ; mark ;
stamp. [pressible.
IM-PKESS-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being im-
IM-PEESS'I-BLE, a. That easily receives or yields
to an impression that can be stamped on another
body.
IM-PEES'SION (-prSsh'un), n. The act of impres-
sing one body on another ; a mark, as of a seal on
wax; effect of objects on the mind; an image
in the mind ; idea ; sensible effect ; slight re-
membrance ; a single edition of a book ; copy
of an engraving, &c., from the engraved block or
plate.
IM-PEfiSS'lVE, a. Producing a powerful effect;
tending to make an impression, or able to excite
attention and feeling ; adapted to touch the sen
sibility, <fec. ; capable of being impressed.
IM-PEESS'IVE-LY, ad. So as to make a deep ini
pression. [pressive.
IM-PKESS'lVE-NESS, n. The quality of being ira-
IM-PEESS'MENT, n. The act of forcing men into
the public or other service ; seizing for the public
use. [pressure.
IM-PEESS'TJEE (-prgsh'ur), n. Mark made by
IM-PRI-MA'TUR, n. [L.] Licence to print a book ;
used also to denote approval by a critic, &c.
IM-PRI'HIS, ad. [L.] First ; in the first place.
IM-PEINT', v. i. To print; to impress; to fix deep
on the mind or memory.
IM'PEINT, n. The name of a publisher or printer
inserted in the title-page of a book, with the
name of the place where published, time of pub-
lication, &c.
IM-PBlS'ON (-prfz'zn), v. t. To put in a prison; to
confine.
IM-PElsi'ON-MENT, n. Confinement in prison.
IM-PEOB-A-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of being not
likely to be true. [happen.
IM-PEOB'A-BLE, a. Not likely to be true or to
IM-PEOB'A-BLY, ad. Without likelihood.
IM-PROB'I-TY, 7i. Want of rectitude or moral
principle; dishonesty.
IM-PROMPTU, ad. Without previous study; n.
a piece made off-hand or an extemporaneous com-
position.
IM-PEOFEE, a. Not apprppriate; not suited to
the end aimed at ; not suited to circumstances,
place, character, &c. ; unbecoming; not suited
to a particular office or service ; unqualified ; not
according to the idiom of a language, as an im-
r word. SYN. Inappropriate ; unsuitably ;
out of place; ill-timed; unseasonable.
IM-PEOP'ER-LY, ad. In an unfit or unsuitable
manner; wrongly.
:<)'PRI-ATE, v. t. To take to one's self; to
place the profits of ecclesiastical property in the
hands of a layman.
IM-PEO-PEI-A'TION, n. The putting of ecclesi-
astical property into the hands of a layman.
IM-PEO'PRI-A-TOE, n. A layman having church
rM-PEO-PEl'E-TY, n. Unfitness; unsuitableness
to time, place, or character ; inaccuracy of lan-
guage.
IM-PEOVA-BLE (-proov'a-bD, a. Capable of being
made better.
IM-PROV'A-BLE-NESS, ") n. Susceptibility of im-
IM-PEOV-A-B1L'I-TY, j provement.
IM-PEOVE', v. t. To make better; to use or em-
ploy to good purpose ; to apply to practical pur-
poses ; to occupy for residence or cultivation.
SYN. To employ; better; correct; rectify; use;
. i. to grow better or wiser; to rise in market
price.
IM-PROVE'MENT (im-proov'ment), n. Advance-
ment in moral worth, learning, wisdom, skill, ot
other excellence; valuable addition ; change for
the better ; progress in state or knowledge, &c. j
use to good account ; practical application ; oc-
cupancy for use or culture, &c. SYN. Advance-
ment ; amelioration ; increase ; progress ; instruc-
tion ; edification ; rise ; occupancy, &c.
IM-PEOVE'MENTS, n. pi Valuable additions or
meliorations.
IM-PEOV'I-DENCE, n. Want of foresight ; neglect
to make suitable provision.
IM : PEOV'I-DENT, a. Neglecting to make provi-
sion for the future. SYN. Inconsiderate; negli-
gent ; careless ; heedless.
IM-PEOV'I-DENT-LY, ad. Without due fore-
sight.
IM-PEOV-I-SA'TION, n. Act of making poetry or
performing music extemporaneously.
IM-PROV-I-SA-T(yRE, n. [It.] A man who makes
rhymes and short poems extemporaneously.
IM-PRO-VIS'A-TRICE, n. [It.] A woman who
makes rhymes or short poems extemporaneously.
IM-PRO-VlSE' (-veez'), v. i. To speak extemporane-
ously, especially in verse.
IM-PEtT'DENCE (31), n. Want of prudence, cau-
tion, or due regard to consequences. SYN. Indis-
cretion ; rashness ; heedlessness ; inconsiderate-
ness : negligence.
IM-PRU'DENT, a. Wanting prudence or discre-
tion ; not attentive to consequences. SYN. Indis-
creet ; injudicious ; incautious ; unadvised ; rash j
heedless.
IM-PEt)T>ENT-LY, ad. In an indiscreet, careless
way.
IM'PU-DENCE, 7i. Assurance connected with a
disregard for the feelings of others ; shameless-
ness. SYN. Effrontery ; sauciness. Impudence re-
fers more especially to the feelings ; effrontery
(lit., meeting face to face) to some gro?s and pub-
lic exhibition of shamelessness ; sauciness (lit.,
giving the sauce) to a sudden outbreak of impu-
dence, especially from an inferior.
IM'PU-DENT, a. Wanting modesty ; shamelessly
bold. SYN. Shameless ; brazen ; bold-faced ; im-
modest ; rude ; insolent ; impertinent ; saucy,
IM'PU-DENT-LY, ad. With shameless effrontery.
IM-PtJGN' (-pane'), v. t. To oppose ; to contradict.
IM-1?CGN'EE, n. One who impugns.
IM-PU'IS-SANT, a. [JV.] Weak ; powerless.
IM'PULSE, ri. Force communicated ; influence on
tlie mind ; impression.
IM-PtfL'SION (-pul'shun), n. Act of impelling .
influence.
IM-POL'SlVE, a. Communicating force ; acting by
impulse, as an impulsive person.
IM-PCL'SIVELY, ad. With force ; by impulse.
IM-PO'NI-TY, 7i. Exemption from punishment;
freedom from harm.
IM-PUEE', a. Mixed with extraneous matter ; con-
trary to modesty or to sanctity. SYX. Foul;
filthy; feculent; unclean; defiled; unchaste;
guilty ; unholy.
IM-POEE'LY, ad. With impurity or defilement.
IM-PUEE'NKSS, ) n. Want of purity ; mixture of
IM-PU'EI-TY, j a foreign substance or foul
matter ; want of chastity or holiness ; defilement
by guilt r legal uncleanness ; foul language.
SYN. Foulness ; turbidness ; uncleanness ; pollu-
tion ; guilt ; unholiness ; obscenity.
IM-PCE'PLE, v. t. To tinge with purple.
IM-PUT'A-BLE, a. That may be imputed.
IM-PCT'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being im-
putable.
IM-PU-TA'TION, 7i. Act of imputing ; charge of
ill ; censure.
IM-PCT'A-TlVE, a. That may be imputed.
IM-PCTE', v. t. To set to the account of; to attri-
bute ; to charge.
IM-PU-TEES'CI-BLE, a. Not subject to putrefac-
tion.
, a prefix, like un, often gives to a word a nega-
IN
220
INC
1, ft, <fcc., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, L.VST, FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TRM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
tive or privative sense ; it denotes also within,
into, or among. Sometimes it renders a word em-
phatical. It properly occurs in words derived
from the Latin.
IN, prep. Present : inclosed; within, as, in a house,
in a city.
IN-A-BIL'I-TY, n. Want of adequate power or
means ; want of intellectual force, of knowledge,
or skill. SYN. Impotence ; incapacity ; incompe-
tence ; disability, which see.
IN-A-CESS-I-BIL'I-TY, > n. The quality or
IN-A-CESS'I-BLE-NESS, ) state of being be-
yond reach or approach.
IN-A!-CESS'I-BLE, a. That cannot be reached or
approached ; not to be obtained.
IN-A-e-CESS'I-BLY, ad. So as not to be ap-
proached.
IN-A'!U-RA-CY, n. "Want of accuracy or exact-
ness. SYN. Mistake ; defect ; fault ; error.
IN- A!'! IT-RATE, a. Not correct or exact ; erro-
neous.
IN-A'U-RATE-LY, ad. In an erroneous or in-
accurate way.
IN-AC'TION, n. State of rest ; idleness.
IN-AOT'iVE, a. Not in action ; not disposed to
act. SYN. Inert ; sluggish ; slothful ; lazy. See
INEHT.
IN-AT'lVE-LY, ad. With sluggishness or inac-
tivity.
IN-Ae-TlV'I-TY, n. Want of activity ; idleness ;
sluggishness.
IN-AU E-QUA-CY (-ad'e-kwa-sy), n. Insufficiency ;
inequality ; defectiveness.
IN-AD'E-QUATE, a. Not equal to the purpose, to
the real state or condition of a thing, or in due
proportion; not just, as description. SYN. Un-
equal; incommensurate; disproportionate; in-
competent ; insufficient ; incomplete ; defective.
IN-AD'E-QUATE-LY, ad. Not fully; not suffi-
ciently.
IN-AD'E-QUATE-NESS, n. The quality of being
inadequate. SYN. Inequality; inadequacy; in-
sufficiency ; incompleteness.
IN-AD-HE'SION '-he'zhun), n. Want of adhesion.
IN-AD-H'S1VE ( a. Not adhering.
IN-AD-MIS-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of not
being admissible.
IN-AD-MiS'SI-BLE, a. Not proper to be admitted.
IN-AD-VERT'ENCE, } n. Nesjlisrence ; oversight;
IN-AD-VERT'EN-CY, j the effect of inattention.
IN-AD-VERT'ENT, a. Not turning the mind to.
SYN. Negligent ; careless ; inattentive ; heedless.
IN-AD-VERT'ENT-LY, ad. With negligence.
IN-AK'FA-BLE, a. Not affable ; reserved.
IN-AL'IEN-A-BLE (-al'yeii-), a. That cannot be
justly alienated or transferred to another.
IN-AL'IEN-A-BLY (-al'yen-), ad. So as to forbid
alienation.
IN-ALTER-A-BLE, a. Unalterable.
IN-AM-0-RA'TA, n. f. [If.] A woman in love.
1N-AM-0-RA'TO, n. m. [It.] A man in love.
IN-ANE', a. Void; empty ; n. a void space.
IN-AN'I-MATE, a. Void of life or spirit. SYN.
Dead ; lifeless ; inactive ; dull ; spiritless.
IN-A-Nt'TION (-nish'un), n. Emptiness; exhaus-
tion from want of food.
IN-AN'I-TY, n. Void space ; emptiness.
IN-AFPE-TENCE, } n. Want of appetence or de-
IN-AP'PE-TEN-CY, ) sire of food, or of inclina-
tion.
IN-AP-PLI-A-BIL'I-TY, \n. Quality of not
IN-AP'PL1-A-BLE-NESS, $ being applicable.
IN-AP'PLI-A-BLE, a. That may not be applied ;
not applicable. SYN. Unsuitable; unsuited; un-
adapted; unfit.
IN-AP-PLI-A'TION, n. Want of application, at-
tention, or assiduity.
DT-AP'PO-SlTE (-Sp'po-zit), a. Not apposite or
suitable.
IN-AP-PRE'CIA-BLE, a. Not to be estimated;
that can not be valued.
IN-AP-PRE-HEN'SI-BLE, a. Not intelligible.
IN-AP-PRE-HEN'SlVE, a. Not apprehensive.
IN-AP-PROACH'A-BLE, a. Not to be approached.
IN-AP-PRO'PRI-ATE, a. Unsuitable; unfit; not
belonging to.
IN-AP-PRO'PRI-ATE-NESS, n. Unsuitableness.
IN-APT', a. Unapt ; not fitted ; unsuited.
IN-APT'I-TftDE, \n. A want of fitness or adapta-
IN-APT'NESS, j tion : unsuitableness.
IN-ARCH', v. t. To graft by joining a scion to a
stock without separating it from its parent tree.
IN-ARCH'ING, n. The method of graiting without
separating a scion from its parent stock.
IN-AR-Tl'C T -LATE, a. Not uttered with ar.ticula-
tion or juntion of the organs of speech ; indis-
tinct ; in zoology, not iointed.
IN-AR-Tl'U-LATE-LY, ad. Not with distinct
syllables.
IN-AR-TI-G'0-LATE-NESS, \ n. Indistinctness of
IN-AR-Tie-0-LA'TION, $ utterance; want of
articulation.
IN-AR-TI-F1"CIAL (-flsh'al), a. Not done by art;
artless.
IN-AR-TI-Fl"CIAL-LY, ad. Without art; artlessly.
IN-AS-MOCH', ad. Such being the case.
IN-AT-TEN'TION, n. Neglect to attend ; want of
consideration ; disregard ; heedlessness. SYN.
Inadvertence. We miss seeing a thing through
inadvertence when we do not look at it ; through
inattention when we give no lieed to it, though
directly before us. The latter is therefore the
worst. Inadvertence may be an involuntary ac-
cident ; inattention is culpable neglect. A versa-
tile mind is often inadvertent ; a careless or stu-
pid one is inattentive.
IN-AT-TEN'TlVE, a. Not fixing the mind on an
object ; not listening. SYN. Regardless ; care-
less ; heedless ; thoughtless ; negligent ; re-
Il?AT-TENTlVE-LY, ad. Without attention;
carelessly.
IN-AUD'I-BLE, a. That can not be heard.
IN-AUD'I-BLY, ad. In a manner not to be heard.
IN-AU'GU-RAL, a. Relating to inauguration;
made or pronounced at an inauguration ; 71. a
discourse which one pronounces at his inaugura-
tion.
IN-AU'GU-RATE, v. t. Literally, to introduce with
good omens ; hence, to induct into office ; to
enter upon, open, &c, (as a statue or building),
with appropriate ceremonies.
IN-AU-GU-RA'TION, n. Act of inaugurating ; in-
duction into office; an entering upon, opening,
&c., with appropriate ceremonies.
IN-AU'GU-RA-TO-RY, a. Pertaining to inaugura-
tion.
IN-AU-SPl"CIOUS (-spTsh'us), a. Unfortunate;
unfavourable ; ill-omened ; unlucky.
IN-AU-SPI"CIOUS-LY, ad. With bad omens.
IN-AU-SPl"CIOUS-NESS, n. The state or quality
of being inauspicious ; unfavourableness.
IN'BOARD, n. Carried away or stowed within the
hold of a ship, &c., as a cargo.
IN'BOARD, ad. Within the hold of a vessel.
IN'BORN, a. Implanted by nature ; inherited.
IN-BREATHE', v. t. To infuse by breathing.
IN'BHED, a. Bred by nature ; natural; innate.
IN'CA, n. The native title of a king or prince of
Peru before the Spanish conquest.
IN-CAGE', v. t. To confine in a cage or to any
narrow limits ; to coop up.
IN-AL'-6U-LA-BLE, a. That cannot be calcu-
lated.
IN-A-LES'CENCE, > n. A growing warm ; inci-
IN-A-LES'CEN-CY, j pient or increasing heat.
IN-GAN-DES'CENCE, n. A white heat, or the
glowing whiteness of a body from intense heat.
IN-AN-DES'CENT, a. White, or glowing with
intense heat
IN- AN-TA'TION, n. Act of enchanting ; enchant-
ment ; a spell.
IN-ANT'A-TO-RY, a. Dealing with enchantment ;
magical.
INC
221
INC
Z>6VE, W<?LF, BQOKj B*IE, BELL; VICIOUS.
IN^A-PA-BIL'I-TY, ~)n. Natural incapacity;
IN--eA'PA-BLE-NESS, $ want of power or of legal
qualifications.
IN-eA'PA-BLE, o. Wanting capacity sufficient ;
wanting natural power or capacity to learn, know,
or comprehend ; not admitting; wanting moral
power or disposition ; wanting legal qualifica-
tions. See INCOMPETENT.
IN-GA-PAC'I-TATE (-pas'e-tate), v. t. To deprive
of power; to disqualify; to disable; to render
IN-eA-PAC-I-TA'TION, n. Want of capacity j dis-
qualification.
IN-A-PAC'I-TY (-pas'e-ty), n. Want of capacity or
of qualifications. SYN. Inability; incapability;
incompetency.
IN-AR'CER-ATE, v. t. To imprison ; to confine.
IN-eAR-CER-A'TION, n. Imprisonment.
IN-GAR'NATE, a. Clothed in flesh.
IN-eAR-NA'TION, n. Act of clothing with flesh
or of assuming flesh ; granulation ; especially the
assumption of human nature by our Lord Jesus
Christ.
IN-AR'NA-TlVE, a. Causing nev: flesh to grow.
IN-ASE', v. t. To enclose in a case; to cover or
surround with something solid.
IN-ASK', v. t. To put into a cask.
IN-AT-E-NA'TION, n. Act of linking together
EN-CAUTION, n. Want of caution.
IN-CAUTIOUS, a. Not cautious or circumspect ;
not attending to the circumstances on which
safety and interest depend. SYN. Unwary; in-
discreet ; inconsiderate ; imprudent ; impolitic ;
thoughtless; heedless; careless; improvident.
IN-GAU'TIOUS-LY, ad. Without due caution.
IN--eAU'TIOUS-NESS, n. Want of caution ; heed-
lessness ; want of foresight.
IN'-GA-VA-TED, a. Made hollow or concave ; bent
round or in.
IN-6 A- VA'TION, n. A hollow place ; act of making
hollow.
EN-CENDI-A-EISM, n. The act or practice of set-
ting fire to buildings.
IN-CEN'DI-A-RY, n. One who maliciously burns
a house or excites discord.
IN-CEN'DI-A-RY, a. Pertaining to the malicious
burning of buildings ; tending to excite factions,
seditions, or quarrels.
IN'CENSE, n. Perfume exhaled by fire ; the odours
of spices and gums burned in religious rites ; the
materials used in making perfumes; acceptable
prayers and praises.
IN'CENSE, v. t. To perfume with odours.
IN-CENSE', y. t. To inflame to anger; to excite
angry passions. SYN. To enrage ; provoke ; ex-
asperate ; anger; irritate; heat; fire.
IN-CENSE'MENT, n. Irritation; exasperation.
IN-CEN'SION (-sen'shun), 71. The act of kindling.
IN-CEN'SIVE, a. Tending to provoke or excite.
IN-CEN'TlVE, a. Inciting ; encouraging ; n. that
which encourages, moves the mind, or operates
on the passions ; inflames or prompts to good or
ill. SYN. Encouragement; motive; incitement;
spur ; stimulus.
IN-CEP'TION (-sgp'shun), n. A beginning; first
attempt.
IN-CEP'TlVE, a. Beginning ; commencing.
IN-CER-A'TION, n. The act of covering with
wax.
IN-CERTI-TCDE, n. Uncertainty doubtfulness.
IN-CES'SAN-CY, n. Unintermitted continuance.
IN-CES'SANT, a. Haying no intermission or ces-
sation. SYN. Unceasing; uninterrupted; cease-
less ; continual ; constant ; perpetual.
IN-CES'SANT-LY, ad. Without intermission ; un-
ceasingly.
IN'CEST, n. Cohabitation of persons within prohi-
bited degrees of kindred.
IN-CEST'C-OUS (-sgst'yu-us), n. Consisting in in-
cest, or guilty of it.
IN-CEST'C-OUS-LY, ad. In a manner that in-
TOlves the crime of incest.
. -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as sn ; THIS.
IN-CST'0-OUS-NESS, n. State or quality of be.
ing incestuous.
INCH, n. The twelfth part of a foot ; proverbially,
a small quantity or degree.
IN-CHAS'TI-TY, n. Lewdness; unchastity.
INCH'MEAL, n. A piece an inch long. By inch-
meal, by small degrees.
lN'HO-ATE (m'ko-ate), o. Begun; commenced.
IN-eHO-A'TION, n. Act of beginning.
IN-^HO'A-TiVE (in-ko'a-tiv), o. Inceptive; be-
ginning.
IN'CI-DENCE, n. A falling on; hence, an acci-
dent or casualty ; the direction in which one body
strikes another; angfe of incidence, the angle
made by the line of incidence and a perpendicular
to the plane struck.
IN'CI-DENT, a. Falling on; liable to fall on;
casual ; appertaining to.
IN'CI-DENT, n. That which happens ; that which
happens aside of the main design SYN. Event ;
occurrence ; fact ; circumstance, which see.
IN-CI-DENT'AL, a. Literally, falling in ; hence,
secondary to something else ; connected with
some*nain object ; occasional. SYN. Accidental.
Incidental should never be confounded with ac-
cidental. A meeting with a friend is accidental
when it is simply casual or undesigned ; it is in-
cidental to a journey which brings us together,
whether by design or not. A remark incidentally
made during a conversation may be take:! Up by
one accidentally present, and reported to our dis-
advantage.
IN-CI-DENT'AL-LY, ad. By accident; without
intention ; casually.
IN-ClN'ER-ATE, v. t. To burn to ashes.
IN-CIN-ER-ATION, n. A burning to ashes.
IN-ClP'I-EN-CY, n. Beginning; commencement.
IN-ClP'I-ENT, a. Beginning ; commencing.
IN-CIP'I-ENT-LY, ad. At first.
IN-ClR-eUM-SPE-GTION, n. Want of due cau-
tion.
IN-CISE', v. t. To cut in; to carve; to engrave.
IN-ClS'ION (-sfzh'un), n. A cutting; cut; gash;
the separation of the surface of any substance by
a sharp instrument.
IN-Cl'SlVE, o. Cutting ; incisive teeth, in animals,
are the fore teeth; the cutters.
IN-CPSOR, n. A ciitter ; a fore tooth.
IN-CP^O-RY, a. Having the quality of cutting.
IN-CI$'URE (-slzh'yur), n. A cut; an incision.
IN-CI'TANT, n. That which incites or stimulates.
IN-CI-TA'TION, n. Act of moving to action ; in-
citement.
IN-CITE', v. t. To move or rouse to action by mo-
tives, impulse, or influence. SYN. To stimulate ;
instigate ; spur ; goad ; rouse j urge ; provoke ;
encourage ; excite, which see.
IN-CITETVIENT, n. That which excites the mind
or moves to action. SYN. Motive ; incentive ;
spur ; stimulus ; encouragement.
IN-CIT'ER, n. He or that which excites to action.
IN-CI-VlL'I-TY, n. Want of courtesy or respect-
ful manners toward others. SYN. Impoliteness j
uncourteousness ; unmanuerliness ; disrespect.
IN-CIV/ISM. n. Want of civism or patriotism.
IN-LASP', v. t. To clasp.
IN'-CLE. See INKLE.
IN-LEM'EN-CY, n. Want of mildness ; severity,
applied chiefly to weather. SYN. Rigour ; stormi-
ness : boisterousness.
IN-GLEM'ENT, a. Wanting in mildness ; severe,
applied chiefly to weather. SYN. Rough; bois-
terous ; rainy ; cold.
IN-eLl'NA-BLE, a. Leaning; somewhat disposed;
having a propension of will.
IN-(JLI-NA'TION, n. Tendency toward any point ;
leaning of the mind ; incipient desire ; decanting
of liquors by inclining the vessel ; dip of the mag-
netic needle ; mutual approach of two lines or
S lanes so as to form an angle. SYN. Slope ; ten
ency; bent; proneness; propensity. See Dis
POSITION.
INC
222
INC
I, E, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short CARE, FAR, LAST
IN-LIN'A-TO-RY, a. Leaning ; inclining.
IN-6LINE', v. t. To cause to deviate from a
straight, upright, or parallel line ; to give a tend-
ency to the will or affections ; to cause to stoop.
SYN. To lean; slope; bend; bow; turn; dis-
pose, &c.
IN-LINE', v. i. To deviate from an erect or par
allel line ; to have a propension ; to have an ap-
petite ; to be disposed.
IN--6LINE', n. The inclined part of a rail-road.
IN-!LINED'-PLANE, n. A plain or smooth sur-
face sloping downward or upward ; one of the five
mechanical powers.
IN-CiLI-NOM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure
vertical magnetic force.
IN-GLOISTEE, v. t. To shut up or confine in a
cloister.
IN-6LOSE', v. t. To surround; to shut in; to
fence ; to cover with a wrapper or under a seal,
as a letter, &c.
IN-LOS'UEE (-kld'zhur) , n. The act of inclosing ;
state of being inclosed; that which incloses ; place
inclosed ; thing inclosed.
IN-LOUD', v. t. To darken ; to obscure.
IN-eLtfDE', v. i. To confine within; to embrace
within limits. SYN. To contain ; comprehend ;
hold ; comprise ; involve.
IN-GLU'SION (-klu'zhuii) , n. Act of including.
IN-LU'SiVE, a. Comprehending; taking in;
taken into the number or sum.
IN-eLtJ'SlVE-LY, ad. Together; by including
both.
IN-GO-AG'0-LA-BLE, a. That can not be concre-
ted or coagulated.
IN--eOG', > ad. In concealment or dis-
IN-eOG'NI-TO, ) guise.
IN-O(Vl-TANCE, f n. "Want of the power of
IN--eOG'I-TAN-CY,f thinking.
IN-eOG'I-TANT (-koj'e-tant), n. Not thinking or
having the power to think.
IN-eOG'I-TA-TiVE, a. Wanting the power of
thought.
IN-6G'NI-ZA-BLE (-kog'ni-za-bl or -kon'i-za-bl), a.
That can not be recognized or distinctly known
IN-eO-HE'ENCE, \ n. Want of connection ; in-
IN-O-HE'EN-CY, $ consistency; looseness, or
unconnected state of parts.
IN-GO-HEE'ENT, a. Not connected; inconsist-
ent.
IN-eO-HEE'ENT-LY, ad. Unconncctedly ; loosely.
IN-eO-lN'CI-DENT, a. Not agreeing.
IN-eOM-BTJS-TI-BlL'I-TY, > n. The quality of
IN-eOM-BOSTI-BLE-NESS,j being incapable of
being burned or consumed.
IN-^IOM-BCS'TI-BLE, a. That will not burn.
tN'-COME (m'kum), n. Kent ; profit accruing from
property or business.
IN COM-M EN'DAM, [law L.] To hold a vacant
church-living by favour of the crown till a proper
pastor is provided.
IN-OM-MEN-SU-EA-BlL'I-TY, ~) , . , . ^
IN--eOM-MEN'SU-EA-BLE-NESS, j a ~''
n. The quality of having no common measure.
IN-eOM-MEN'SU-EA-BLE (-mSn'shu-), a. Hav-
ing no common measure ; unequal ; inadequate.
IN--eOM-MEN'S0-EATE (-mgn'shu-rate), a. Not of
equal extent ; not admitting a common measure.
SYN. Unequal; inadequate; insufficient.
IN-OM-M1S'CI-BLE, a. That can not be mixed.
IN-OM-MODE', v. t. To give inconvenience or
trouble to. SYN. To disturb ; molest ; trouble ;
annoy ; disquiet ; vex.
IN-OM-MO'DI-OUS, a. Not affording ease or
advantage ; giving trouble without much injury.
SYN. Inconvenient; troublesome; unsuitable;
disquieting ; annoying ; vexing.
IN-eOM-MO'DI-OUS-LY, ad. With inconvenience ;
unsuitably.
IN-^OM-MO'DI-OyS-NESS, n. The quality of
causing inconvenience or want of accommodation.
IN--eOM-MO'NI-A-BLE, a. That can not be com-
municated or revealed to others.
FALL, WH^T j THRE, T^RM; MARINE, BIRD, MOVE,
IN-OM-MtrNI-A-BLE-NESS,-> n. The quality
IN-eOM-MU-NI-A-BlL'I-TY, j of not being
capable of communication.
IN-t'OM-MC / NI-A-BLY, ad. So as not to be im-
parted or made known.
IN-eOM-MC'NI-GA-TlVE, o. Not disposed to
communicate or hold conversation or intercourse
with ; unsocial.
IN-OM-MDT-A-BlL1-TY, > n. The quality of
IM-eOM-MqT'A-BLE-NESS,]" not being ex-
changed with another.
IN-COM-MOT'A-BLE, a. That can not be ex
changed, or changed or commuted with another.
IN-OM-MUT'A-BLY, ad. Without mutual ex-
change.
IN--eOM-PA r T, \ a. Not compact; not close
IN-eOM-PAT'ED, $ or solid.
IN-OM'PAR-A-BLE, a. That admits no compari-
son ; matchless ; usually in a good sense, but it
may be properly used in a bad sense.
IN-OM'PA-EA-BLE-NESS, n. Excellence be-
yond comparison.
IN--eOM'PA-EA-BLY, ad. Beyond comparison;
without competition.
IN--eOM-PAS'SION-ATE (-pash'un-ate), o. Desti-
tute of pity; cruel.
IN-OM-PAS'SION-ATE-LY, ad. Without com-
passion, pity, or tenderness.
IN-eOM-PAT-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Impossibility of co-
existence ; irreconcilable inconsistency.
IN-OM-PAT'I-BLE, a. Not able to co-exist;
irreconcilably opposed. See INCONSISTENT.
IN-eOM-PAT'I-BLY, ad. Inconsistently.
IN-eOM'PE-TENCE, ") n. Want of adequate
IN-OM'PE-TEN-CY, / ability or qualifications ;
want of adequate means or of legal power. SYN.
Inability ; inadequacy ; unfitness ; incapability.
IN--GOMTE-TENT, a. Wanting due strength or
suitable faculties ; wanting in the legal qualifica-
tions ; insufficient ; improper ; unfit. SYN. In-
capable. Incompetent is a relative term, denot-
ing a want of the requisite qiialifications for per-
forming a given act, service, &c ; incapable is
absolute, denoting want of power, either natural
or moral. We speak of a man as incompetent to
a certain task, &c. We say of an idiot that he is
incapable of learning to read; and of a man dis-
tinguished for his honour that he is rncapable of a
mean action.
IN-OM ; PE-TENT-LY, ad. Inadequately ; unsuit-
ably.
TN-eOM-PLETE', a. Not finished ; imperfect ; in
botany, lacking clayx or corolla, or both.
IN-OM-PLETE'LY, ad. Imperfectly.
IN-OM-PLETE'NESS, n. Unfinished state; de-
fectiveness ; imperfectness.
IN--6OM-PLEX', a. Not complex ; simple.
IN-eOM-PLl'A-BLE, a. Not ready to yield com-
pliance.
IN-OM-PLI'ANCE, n. Defect of compliance ; un-
yielding temper or constitution.
IN-OM-POS'lTE or IN-GOM'PO-SlTE, a. Uncom-
pounded ; simple.
IN-eOM-PEE-HEN-SI-BtL'I-TY, ) n. The qua-
IN-OM-PRE-HEN'SI-BLE-NESS, j lity of being
incomprehensible.
IN-GOM-PEE-HEN'SI-BLE, a. That cannot be
understood; beyond the reach of human intel-
lect, [intelligible.
IN-GOM-PEE-HfiN'SI-BLY, ad. So as not to be
IN-OM-PEESS-I-B1L'I-TY, n. The property of
resisting compression into a smaller space.
IN-OM-PEESS'I-BLE, a. That cannot be re-
duced into a smaller compass.
IN'-eOM-PUT'A-BLE, a. That cannot be com-
puted.
IN-ON-CEAL'A-BLE, a. Not capable of conceal-
ment ; not to be hid.
IN-eON-CElV'A-BLE (-seev'a-bl), a. That cannot
be conceived by the mind ; incomprehensible.
IN-ON-CEIV'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of
being inconceivable.
INC
223
INC
VbYZ, TVQLF, BOOK; E^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOTTS.
IN-GON-CEIV'A-BLY, ad. Beyond comprehen-
sion.
IN-eON-ClNTSri-TY, n. Want of proportion.
IN-ON-LC'iVE, a. Not producing a conclu-
sion ; not determining a question.
IN-ON-eLC'SlVE-LY, ad. Not conclusively.
IN-ON-LU'SiyE-NESS, n. Want of such evi-
dence as to satisfy the mind of truth.
[N-ON-6TION, n. State of being indigested
unripeness.
[N-eON-DEN'SA-BLE, a. That cannot be con-
densed.
IN-eON-FOEM'I-TY, n. Want of conformity.
IN-GON-GEAL'A-BLE, a. That cannot be frozen.
IN-eON-GAL'A-BLE-NESS, n. The impossibi
lity of beinsr congealed.
IN-eONG'GEU-ENT (-kong'gru-ent), o. Inconsist-
ent ; unsuitable.
IN-eON-GRL'I-TY, n. Inconsistency ; unsuit-
ableness of one thing to another ; the property by
which one fluid is prevented from uniting with
another.
IN-eONG'GKU-OUS (-kong'gru-us), a. Not suit-
able or accordant. SYN. Unfit; inappropriate.
See INCONSISTENT.
IN-eONG'GBU-OUS-LY, ad. Unsuitably.
IN-ON'SCION-A-BLE, a. Having no sense of
good or evil, ri^ht or wrong.
IN-eON'SE-QUENCE, n. Want of just infereice ;
inconclusiveness.
rN'-eGN'SE-Q-UEXT, a. Without regular inference ;
not following.
IN-ON-SE-QUEN'TIAL (-kwen'shalj, a. Not fol-
lowing from the premises ; of no importance ; of
little moment.
IN--epN-SlD'EE-A-BLE, a. Not of great amount
or importance ; not worthy of notice. SYN. Un-
important ', immaterial ; insignificant ; small ;
trivial.
IN-ON-SlD'EE-A-BLE-NESS, n. Small impor-
tance.
IN-ON-SliyEE-A-BLY, ad. In a small degree;
to a small amount ; very little.
IN-ON-SlD'EE-ATE, a. Not considerate ; with-
out regard to safety or propriety ; proceeding
from heedlessness. SYN. Thoughtless ; inatten-
tive; heedless; inadvertent.
IN-GON-SlD'ER-ATE-LY, ad. Without due con-
sideration or regard to consequences.
IN-GON-SiiyEE-ATE-NESS, n. Want of due re-
gard to consequences. SYN. Carelessness; rash-
ness ; thoughtlessness ; inadvertence ; impru-
dence ; inattention.
IN-ON-SID-ER-ATION, n. Want of considera-
tion.
IN-ON-SlST'ENCE, ")n. Contrariety; incongru-
IN-ON-SIST'EN-CY, J ity; absurdity in argu-
ment or narration ; unsteadiness ; changeable-
ness.
IN-eON-SlST'ENT, o. Contrary to ; not in unison
or agreement with ; not uniform. SYN. Incon-
gruous; incompatible. Things are -incongruous
when they are not suited to each other, so that
their union is unbecoming ; inconsistent when
they are opposed to each other, so as to ren-
der it improper or wrong ; incompatible when
they cannot co-exist, and it is therefore impos-
sible to unite them. Habitual levity of mind is
incongruous with the profession of a clergyman ;
it is inconsistent with his ordination vows ; it is
incompatible with his permanent usefulness.
IN-ON-SrT'ENT-LY, ad. Without consistency ;
with absurdity.
IN-eON-SOL'A-BLE, a. Not admitting com-
fort.
IN-CON-SOL'A-BLY, ad. So as not to admit of con-
solation.
IN-eON'SO-NANCE, ) n. Disagreement ; incon-
IN-eON'SO-NAN-CYj sistency; in music, dis-
cordance,
IN-GON-SPle'tf-OUS, o. Not perceived by the
sight ; not discerned.
as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
IN-ON'STAN-CY, n. Mutability of temper 01
affection. SYN. Mutability; unsteadiness; fickle-
ness ; instability ; dissimilitude.
IN--eON'STAN T T, a. Subject to change, as things;
subject to change of opinion or purpose. SYS.
Mutable ; changeable ; variable ; fickle ; volatile.
IN-ON'STANT-LY, ad. With changeableness.
IX-ON-SCM'A-BLE, a. Not to be consumed.
IN-eON-SCM'MATE, a. Not complete.
IN-ON-TEST'A-BLE, a. That cannot be disputed ;
too clear to be controverted. SYN. Incontro-
vertible; indisputable; irrefragable; undeniable;
unquestionable ; indubitable.
IN-ON-TEST'A-BLY, ad. Beyond all dispute; in
a manner to preclude debate. SYN. Indisput-
ably ; incontrovertibly ; undeniably ; unquestion-
ably.
IN-t'ON-TlG'tT-OUS, a. Not contiguous ; not ad-
joining; not touching; separate.
; TI-NENCE, ) . Want of restraint of the
IX-ON'TI-NEN-CY,j passions or appetites ; un-
chastity ; intemperance ; inability to restrain na-
tural evacuations.
IN-GON'TI-NENT, a. Not restraining the passions
and appetites; unchaste.
I N-eON'TI-N E N T, n. One who is unchaste.
IN-eON'TI-XENT-LY, ad. Without due restraint
of the passions ; immediately.
IN-eON-TEOL'LA-BLE. a. That can not be con-
trolled.
IN-eON-TEO-VEET'I-BLE, a. Too clear to admit
of dispute. SYN. Incontestable ; indubitable ;
irrefragable ; unquestionable ; undeniable.
IN-ON-TEO-VEET'I-BLY, ad. Beyond dispute.
IN-ON-VEN'IENCE (-ven'yence), \ n. Want of
IN-eON-VEN'IEN-CY, j convenience;
that which troubles or gives uneasiness. SYN.
Incommodiousness ; disquiet; disadvantage.
IN-eON-VEN'IENT (-ven'yent), a. Giving trouble
or uneasiness ; increasing difficulty of progress or
success. SYN. Incommodious; unsuitable; dis-
quieting ; annoying.
IN-eON-VEN'IENT-LY, ad. Unsuitably; in a
manner to give trouble ; unseasonably.
IN-ON-VEET-I-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality of not
being changeable into something else.
IN-ON-VEET'I-BLE, a. Not convertible into
another thing.
IN-eON-VlN'CI-BLE, n. That can not be con-
vinced.
IN-OX-ylN'CI-BLY, ad. So as not to admit of
conviction.
IN-eOETO-EAL. See INCORPOREAL.
IN-OR-PO-EAL'I-TY, n. Immateriality.
IN-'OE'PO-RATE, v. t. In <pha.-nno.cy, to mix
different ingredients in one mass ; to embody one
substance with another ; to associate in another
government or empire ; to form into a legal body.
IN-eOE'PO-RATE, v. i. To unite so as to make a
part of another body, followed by icif/i.
IN-^OE-PO-EA'TION, n. Act of incorporating;
union of ingredients ; association; formation of a
legal or political body.
IN-eOE-PO'EE-AL, a. Not consisting of matter;
not having a material body. SYN. Immaterial;
spiritual; unsubstantial; bodiless; disembodied.
IN-OE-PO'EE-AL-LY, ad. Immaterially.
IN-OE-EET', a. Wanting in correctness or ex-
actness ; not according to model or rules ; not ac-
cording to truth or morality. SYN. Inaccurate ;
erroneous ; wrong ; faulty.
IN-GOE-RECT'LY, ad. Not in accordance with
truth or a standard.
IN-OE-EET'NESS, n. Want of conformity to
truth or a standard. SYN. Inaccuracy ; inexact-
ness ; fault ; error.
IN-OR'EI-GI-BLE, a. That can not be corrected j
bad beyond amendment.
IN-OE'RI-6l-BLE-NESS,f n. Hopeless deprav-
IN-OE-EI-GI-B1L'I-TY, f ity.
IN-eOE'EI-Gl-BLY, ad. Beyond hope of amend-
ment.
INC
224
IND
I, fi, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
IN-OR-RO'DI-BLE, a. Incapable of corrosion.
IN-OR-R0PT', a. Free from corruption ; above
the power of bribes. SYN. Pure; sound; uncle-
filed ; untainted ; unimpaired ; undepraved.
1N-OR-RUPT-I-B1L'I-TY, > n. The quality of
IN-OR-R0PT'I-BLE-NESS, J being incapable of
decay or corruption.
IN-eOR-RtJPT'I-BLE, a. TJiat can not be seduced
from intesrrity ; inflexibly just.
IN-!OR-R0P'TION (-rup'shun), n. A state of ex-
emption from decay.
IN-!OR-R0PT'NESS, n. Exemption from decay ;
purity of mind or manners. SYN. Soundness ;
purity ; probity ; integrity ; honesty.
IN-RAS'SATE, v. t. To make thick or dense ; to
make fluids thicker by mixture or evaporation ;
v. i. to become thick or dense.
IN-RAS'SATE, > n. Thickened or becoming
IN-RAS'SA-TED, / thicker toward the flower;
fattened.
IN-dRAS-SATION, n. Act of making thick.
IN-CRAS'SA-TlVE, o. Having the quality of mak-
ing thick ; used also as a noun ; that which has
such a quality.
INCREASE', v. i,. To grow in bulk, number,
strength, degree, &c., as our population increases;
the heat, the light, the pain, &c., increase; v. t. to
cause growth in bulk, quantity, number, degree,
&c., as to increase one's property, reputation, &c.
SYN. Enlarge. Enlarge implies a widening of
extent ; increase an accession in point of size, num-
ber, strength, &c. A kingdom is enlarged by con-
quest, and the mind by knowledge ; a man has en-
larged views, plans, prospects, &c. Riches, wis-
dom, appetite, &c., are increased.
INCREASE' or INCREASE, n. A growing larger
in size, extent, quantity, &c. ; the result or that
which is added by growth, &c. ; waxing of the
moon ; augmentation of strength, violence, or de-
gree, &c. SYN. Enlargement ; extension, ; incre-
ment ; growth ; accession.
IN--6RE-ATE'. See UNCREATE.
IN--eRED-I-BlL'I-TY, ) n. The quality ol sur.
IN-RED'I-BLE-NESS, f passing belief.
IN-!RD'I-BLE, a. That can not be believed ; be-
yond belief.
IN-RED'I-BLY, ad. So as not to deserve belief.
IN-RE-D0'LI-TY, n. Indisposition to believe;
withholding or refusal of belief.
IN-eREp'0-LOUS (-krSd'yu-lus), a. Not believing;
unwilling to believe ; withholding faith.
lN-eRED'0-LOUS-NESS, n. A withholding of be-
lief . incredulity.
IN'-GRE-MENT, n. An addition in bulk, number,
amount, or value ; augmentation.
IN-GRE-PA'TION, n. A chiding or rebuking ; a
rebuke.
IN-RES'CENT, a. Having the quality of increas-
ing : growing.
IN-RlM'I-NATE, v. t. To accuse; to charge
with a crime.
IN-R0ST', v. t. To cover with a crust.
IN-RUS-TA'TION, n. Act of in crusting 1 ; a cover
or layer on the surface of a body ; an inlaying of
marble, mosaic, &c., attached by cramp-irons, ce-
nent, &c.
IN'U-B.\TE, v. i. To sit on, as eggs ; to brood.
IN-U BA'TION, n. Act or time of sitting on for
hatching, as eggs.
IN'CU-BUS,n. pi. tN'-eu-Bus-Es or IN'-GU-BI. [L.]
The nightmare; a demon.
IN-0L'!ATE, v. t. To enforce or urge upon by
frequent repetitions. SYN. To teach; instil;
impress ; infuse.
IN-UL-eA'TION, n. Act of impressing or urging
by frequent admonitions.
IN-e0L'PA-BLE, a. Unblamable.
IN-0L'PATE, v. t. To blame ; to censure.
IN-UL-PA'TION, n. Censure ; blame.
lN--e0L'PA-TO-RY, a. Imputing blame.
IN-0M'BEN-CY, n. The lying or resting on any
thing ; the possession of an oflice.
TALI,, WHAT ; THfiRE, TiRM ; MARINE, BtRD ; M5VB,
IN-0M'BENT, n. One who has a benefice, or who
is in present possession of an office.
IN-0M'BENT, a. Imposed as a duty ; resting on;
indispensable.
IN-GOM'BER, v. t. To burden with a load. See
ENCUMBER and derivatives.
IN-0M'BRANCE, n. A burdensome load ; clog.
IN-0R', v. t. To become liable to ; to deserve fto
bring on ; to occur ; to press on, with to or into.
IN-60R-A-BIL'I-TY, ) n. State of beinsr incura-
IN-)0R'A-BLE-NESS, J ble, or of not admitting
cure or remedy.
IN-0R'A-BLE, a. That can not be cured or healed;
not admitting of remedy or correction. SYN. Ir-
remediable ; remediless ; irrecoverable; irretriev-
able.
IN-60R'A-BLY, ad. So as to be incurable.
IN-0-RI-OS'I-TY, ) u. Want of curiosity ; in-
IN-0'RI-OUS-NESS, $ difference.
IN--e0'RI-OUS, a. Not having curiosity ; inatten-
tive.
HSr-0'RI-OUS-LY, ad. "Without inquisitiveness.
IN-0R'SION f-kur'shun), n. An entering into
territory with hostile intention, applied to small
parties or expeditions. SYN. Inroad; attack;
foray; ravage.
IN-0R'SIVE, a. Making an incursion.
IN-0RV'ATE, . t. To bend; to make crooked.
IN-0RV'ATE, a. Bent; curved inward or up-
ward.
IN-eUR-VA'TION, n. Act of bending ; state of
being bent ; act of bowing.
IN-30RVE', v. t. To bend ; to make crooked.
IN-0RV'I-TY, n. A bent state ; crookedness.
IN-DA-GA'TION, n. The act of searching; in-
quiry.
IN-DART, v. t. To dart or strike in.
IN-DEB-I-TA'TUS AS-SUMP'SIT. See ASSUMPSIT.
IN-DEBT'ED (-det'ed), a. Being in debt; obliged
by something received ; held to pav.
IN-DEBT'ED-NESS (-det'ed-ness), n. The state of
beinp-indebted.
IN-DE'(JEN-CY, 11. That which is unbecoming in
manner, language, or dress. SYN. Indelicacy;
indecorum ; immodesty ; impurity ; obscenity.
IN-DE'CENT, a. Offensive to modesty or delicacy.
SYN. Unbecoming ; indecorous ; indelicate ;
unseemly ; shameful ; immodest ; unchaste ; ob-
scene ; filthy.
IN-DE'CENT-LY, ad. In a manner to offend deli-
cacy.
IN-DE-ClD'U-OUS (-sid'yn-us), a. Not falling;
lasting ; evergreen.
IN-DE-CI'PHER-A-BLE, o. That can not be de-
ciphered.
IN-DE-CIS'ION (-slzh'un), n. Want of decision or
firmness of purpose ; irresolution.
IN-DE-CI'SIVE, a. Not deciding; unsettled;
wavering.
IN-DE-CrSlVE-NESS, n. State of being unsettled.
IN-DE-LIN'A-BLE, a. Not varied in termina-
tion.
IN-DE-LTN'A-BLY, ad. Without variation.
IN-DE-eOM-P()S'A-BLE, a. Not to be decomposed.
IN-DE-0'ROUS or IN-DE'O-ROUS, a. Violating
good manners ; contrary to good breeding or
established rules. SYN. Unbecoming ; indecent ;
unseemly ; rude ; coarse ; impolite ; uncivil.
IN-DE-0'ROUS-LY or IN-DE'O-ROUS-LY, ad.
In an unbecoming manner.
IN-DE-eO'ROUS-NESSorIN-DE'0-ROUS-NESS,
n. Violation of good manners.
IN-DE-0'RUM, n. Impropriety of conduct; in-
decency.
IN-DEED', ad. In fact ; in truth ; in reality.
IN-DE-FAT'I-GA-BLE, a. Not tired; not exhausted
by labour or yielding to fatigue. SYN. Unwearied;
untiring ; persevering ; assiduous.
IN-DE-PAT'I-GA-BLE-NESS, n. Unweariedness.
IN-DE-FATI-GA-BLY, ad. Without weariness.
IN-DE-FA-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality or state
of being not subject to be made void.
IND
225
IND
6vE, WOLF, BQOK; BLE, BULL; vf'cious. e as z ; & as J ; s as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
EN-DE-FA'I-BLE (-fe'ze-bl), a. That can not be i IN-DE-VO'TION, n. Want of devotion ; absence of
defeated ; that can not be made void.
IN-DE-FECTI-BLE, a. Not liable to failure or
decay.
IN-DE-FET'lVE, a. Not defective ; perfect.
IN-DE-FEN-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Quality of not being
capable of defence.
IN-DE-FN'Si-BLE, a. That can not be defended
or vindicated : not to be justified.
IN-DE-FEN'SIVE, a. Having no defence.
IN-DE-FIN'A-BLE, o. That can not be denned.
IN-DEF'I-NITE, a. Not limited or defined ; that
has no certain limits, or to which the human
mind can assign none. STN. Unlimited; unde-
fined ; unsettled ; indeterminate ; vague ; uncer-
tain, [precisely.
IN-DEFI-NlTE-LY, ad. Without limitation ; not
IN-DF'I-NITE-NESS, n. Quality of being unde- |
fined, or not precise or certain.
IN-DE-HlS'GENCE, n. The property of not being
dehiscent, but permanently closed.
IN-DE-HIS'CENT, a. Not opening spontaneously
at maturity.
IN-DEL-I-B1L'I-TY, n. Quality of being indelible.
IN-DEL'I-BLE, a. Not to be blotted out ; not to
be annulled ; that can not be effaced or lost.
IN-DEI/I-BLY, ad. So as to be indelible.
IN-DL'I-A-CY, 71. Want of delicacy or decency ;
coarseness of manners or language.
IX-DEL'I-'ATE, a. Offensive to purity and good
manners. SYX. Indecorous ; unbecoming
coarse ; rude ; unseemly ; impolite ; gross ; inde-
cent.
devout affections.
IN-DE-VOUT', a. Not devout ; not religious.
IN'DEX, n. ; pi. IN'DEX-ES or IN'DI-CEB. That which
points out ; the hand that points to any thing ; a
table of the contents of a book ; in anatomy, the
forefinger ; in arithmetic, the exponent.
IN'DEX, v. t. To provide with an index ; to reduce
to an index, as a book.
IN'DIAX (md'yan), a. Pertaining to the Indies,
East or West, or to the aborigines of America ; n.
a native of the Indies ; an aboriginal native of the
American continent.
iN'DIAX-lXK, ") n. A compound of lampblack, &c.,
CHl'NA-lXK, $ brought originally from China,
and used as a water-colour.
lX'DIA-R0B-BER,7i. Caoutchouc; a substance of
extraordinary elasticity ; called also gum-elastic.
IN 'DI-AN T, a. or n. A term applied to that which
points out something to be done for the cure of
disease ; guiding ; directing.
lX'DI-ATE, v. t. To point out; to direct to a
knowledge of something; to make known; to
manifest by symptoms, and point to the remedy.
STN. To show; mark; signify; denote; dis-
cover.
IX-DI-GA'TIOX, 7i. A showing; sign; token.
IN-DlC'A-TlVE. a. Pointing put ; showing ; the
indicative mood affirms or denies.
IX-Dl'A-TtVE-LY, ad. By showing.
1N'DI-!A-TUR, n. He or that which shows; an
instrument for measuring the power exerted by a
steam engine.
IN'DI-CA-TO-RY, a. Serving to show.
IN-DlCT (in-dite'), v. t. To accuse by a jury.
Subject to indict-
IN-DL'I-ATE-LY, ad. So as to be offensive to
purity and good manners.
IN-DEH-XI-FI-A'TIOX, n. The act of saving IX-DICT'A-BLE '(-di'ta-bl), a.
harmless or securing against loss; reimburse- ment.
ment of loss ; security against loss.
IN-DEM'NI-FY, v. t. To save harmless; to reim-
burse.
IN-DEirNI-TY, n.
Security given to save harm-
less ; recompense for injury sustained.
IN-DENT', v. t. To notch; to bind to service ; to
IX-DlCTIOX, n. Declaration ; a cycle of fifteen
years.
IN-Dt-GTlVE, a.
Proclaimed; declared.
IX-DICT'MEXT (-dite'ment), n. A formal accusa-
tion by a grand jury.
contract.
IN-DENT', n. A cut or notch in the margin.
IX-DEN-TA'TION, n. A cut ; notch; recess.
IX-D 1 : ;XT ED, a. Cut in the edge into points, like
teeth ; bound out by writings, or by covenants in
writing.
IN-DENT'QRE (in-d5nt'yur), n. A writing contain -
IX-DIF'FER-ENCE, n. Equipoise or freedom from
prejudice ; state when the mind feels no anxiety
or interest in what is presented ; neutrality ol
mind ; a state in which there is no difference.
SYN. Carelessness ; negligence ; unconcern ;
IN-
ipathy ; insensibility.
-DIF'FER-ENT, a.
of a middling state or quality ; not good,
ing a contract. Duplicates are generally laid to- 1 ENT-LY, ad. Tolerably ; poorly.
'FER-ENT, a. Unconcerned; impartial;
gether and indented, that is, notched; thus the lNT>I-GEXCE, n. State of destitution ;"a very low
condition as to property. SYX. Poverty; want;
two correspond.
IN-DE-PEND'ENCE, ) n. Exemption from con-
IX-DE-PEND'EX-CY, | trol ; a state of not being
dependent on others ; a state in which the mind
acts without bias or influence from others ; Con-
gregationalism.
IX-DE-PEND'EXT, a. Not subject to control or
bias ; not connected with ; relating to the Inde-
pendents.
IN-DE-PEXD'ENT, n. One who maintains that
each local church, being complete in itself, should iN'DI-CiEXE, n. A native of any soil or country,
act independently of all other churches. IN-DKVE-NOUS (-dlj'e-nus), a. Native in a
IX-DE-PEND EXT-LY, ad. Without dependence. ' country ; not exotic, as plants, animals, &c.
IX-DE-SKlB'A-BLE, a. That cannot be de- IX'DI-GENT, a. Want ing means of subsistence or
scribed.
IN-DE-SERT f-zcrf), n. Want of merit or worth.
IN-DES I-NENT. a. Not ceasing; perpetual.
IX-DE-STRU-TI-BiL'I-TY, n. Quality ol resist- IN-'DI-tfEST'ED, a. Not digested; crude; not
ing decay and destruction. reduced to form ; not methodized.
IN-DE-STRCCTI-BLE, a. That can not be de- IN-DI-GEST'I-BLE, a. That can not be digested ;
stroyed. j not to be received or endured.
o. That can not be IN-DI-GES'TION (-jest'yun), n. Want of due pre-
paration in the stomach ; crudity.
Not settled or IX-D1G'I-TATE, v. t. To point out with the finger;
i v. i. to communicate ideas with the fingers.
IN-DE-TERM'IN-ATE-LY, ad. Without certainty; IN-DlG-I-TA'TION, n. The act of pointing out with
indefinitely. ; the fi-nger.
need. Poverty is generic, denoting a deficiency
in the means of li -'. >ce is stronger, im-
plying an absence of the necessa7-ics of life. Both
express permanent states. Want and need are ap-
plied usually to states which are temporary or oc-
casional, as want of clothing, need of fuel ; but are
sometimes used in a more abstract sense, as a
state of u-ant or of need, being then identical with
poverty.
of comfort ; poor ; needy.
IX'DI-GENT-LY, ad. In a destitute condition;
poorly.
r-DI-G"EST'ED,
stroyed.
IN-DE-TfiRMTN-A-BLE,
determined or ended.
IN-DE-TERMTN-ATE (13), a.
fixed; indefinite; unlimited.
IN-DE-T$EM'IX-ATE-NESS, \ n. A being inde-
IN-DE-TERM-IX-A'TION, ) finite; want of
fixed limits; unsettled or wavering state.
15
IX-DlG'NAXT, a. Affected with anger and .
having indignation.
TN-DIO'NANT-LY, ad. With anger and disdain.
IND
226
IND
i, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
IN-DIG -NATION, , n. A vehement disapprobation
of what is considered flagitious in conduct ; an-
ger mingled with contempt ; effects of anger, par-
ticularly God's anger ; terrible judgment ; holy
displeasure at one's self for sin. SYN. Ire ; wrath ;
resentment ; fury ; rage. See AN
IN-DI G'NI-TY, n. Unmerited, contemptuous con-
duct toward another; incivility with insult.
SYN. Contumely; outrage; afi'rout; abuse; rude-
ness ; insult ; contempt.
IN'DI-GO, 7i. A plant that dyes blue ; the dye itself.
IN-DI-EET', a. Not straight; oblique ; unfair ;
not honest ; tending to mislead or deceive.
IN-DI-EE!'TION, n. Oblique course.
IN-DI-RfiT LY, ad. Obliquely; unfairly; not
by direct means.
IN-DI-EET';NESS, n. Obliquity ; unfairness ; dis-
honesty.
IN-DIS-CEEN'I-BLE, o. Not discernible or visible;
not discoverable ; not perceptible.
IN-DIS-CEEN'I-BLE-.NES3, n. Incapability of
being discerned.
IN-DIS-CEEP-TI-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of
being incapable of dissolution or separation of
parts.
IN-DIS-CEEP'TI-BLE, a. Incapable of being sep-
arated.
IN-DIS-e6V'EK-A-BLE, a. That can not be dis-
covered.
IN-DIS-EEET', a. Wanting in discretion or
sound judgment. SYN. Inconsiderate; rash;
hasty ; incautious ; heedless ; imprudent.
IN-DIS-REET'LY, ad. Imprudently; unwisely.
IN-DIS-RE"TION (-krSsh'un), n. Want of discre-
tion ; imprudence ; folly.
IN-DIS-RIM'1N-ATE, a. Not making any distinc-
tion ; not having discrimination ; undistingui^li-
ed ; confused.
IN-DIS-ElM'l-XATE-LY, ad. Without distinc-
tion, [tion.
IN-DIS-GElM'I-NA-TING, a. Not making distinc-
IN-DIS-EIM-I-NA'TION, n. Want of discrimina-
tion or distinction.
IN-DIS-PEVSA-BLE, o. Not to be spared; abso-
lutely necessary.
IN-DIS-PEN'SA-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of
being absolutely necessary.
IN-DIS-PEN'SA-BLY, ad. Necessarily ; absolutely.
TN-DIS-POSE', v. t. To alienate the mind and ren-
der it averse to any thing ; to disqualify for proper
functions ; to make averse ; disincline ; unfit.
IN-DIS-POS'ED-NESS, n. A disordered state;
disinclination.
IN-pIS-Pp-Sl"TION (-zlsh'un), n. Slight aversion ;
slight disorder oi' the body ; want of tendency or
affinity. SYN. Disinclination; aversion ; dislike ;
illness ; disorder.
IN-DlS'PU-TA-BLE, a. That can not be contro-
verted; too evident for dispute. SYN. Incontest-
able ; unquestionable ; incontrovertible ; certain.
IN-DlS'PU-TA-BLE-N ESS, n. The state or quality
of being indisputable.
IN-DlS'PU-TA-BLY, ad. Without question.
IN-DIS-SO-LU-BIL'I-TY, ") n. Quality of not
IN-DIS'SO-LU-BLE-NESS, $ being capable of be-
coming liquid, or of being broken ; perpetuity of
union.
IN-DIS'SO-LU-BLE, a. Not capable of being
melted or dissolved ; perpetually binding ; not to
be broken.
IN-DI S'SO-LU-BLY, ad. So as to resist dissolution
or separation.
IN-DIis-SOLVA-BLE (-diz-z31v-), a. That can not
be dissolved ; not capable of being melted or
separated.
IN-DIS-TlNT', o. Not so clear as to be percep-
tible by itself; not clear intellectually; not pre-
senting clear or well-defined images. SYN. Un-
defined; indistinguishable; obscure; indefinite.
IN-DIS-TINTION, 7 n. Want of distinction ;
IN-DIS-T1NTNESS, j want of clearness ; con-
fusedness.
FALT,, WHAT; TH*RE, TKRM ; MARINE, B?RT>; HOVB,
IN-DIS-TINT'LY, ad. Not clearly ; obscurely ;
not with precise limits.
IN-DIS-TING'GUISH-A-BLE, a. That can not be
distinguished.
IN-DITE', v. t. To commit words to writing ; to
compose ; to dictate what is to be uttered or
written.
IN-DITE'MENT, n. Act of inditing.
IN-DI-VID'(T-AL (in-de-vld'yu-al), a. NumericaUy
one ; pertaining to one only.
IN-DI-VID'0-AL (in-de-vid'yn-al), n. A single
person or thing.
IN-DI-VID'C-AL-ISM, n. Attachment to the in-
terests of an individual in preference to the com-
mon interests of society.
IN-UI-VIU-U-AL'I-TY, n. Separate existence ; in
phrenology, that quality of the mind by which
individual objects are attended to and particu-
larized.
IN-DI- Vlp'tT-AL-lZE, v. t. To select or mark as
an individual.
IN-DI- VlD'C-AL-LY, ad. Singly; with separate
existence.
IN-DI-VID'U-ATE, v. t. To separate; to distin-
guish.
IN-DI- VID-U-A'TION, n. Act of making single;
act of separating into individuals by analysis.
IN-DI- VIS-I-BII7I-TY, \n. The state or quality
IN-DI- VlS'I-BLE-NESS, j of being indivisible.
IN-DI- VlS'I-BLE (-viz'e-bl), a. That cannot be di-
vided.
IN-DI-VlS'I-BLES, 7i. pi. In geometry, elements or
principles supposed to be infinitely small, into
which a body or figure may be resolved.
IN-DO'CI-BLE (-t: Ae-bl or -do'se-bl), a. Not cap-
able of being taught ; untractable ; dull in intel-
lect.
IN-DO'CILE (-dos'sil or -do'sil), o. That cannot be
easily taught.
IN-DO-C1L'I-TY, n. The quality of dulness, un-
teachableness or intractableness.
IN-DO'TKI-NATE, i-. t. To instruct in rudiments
or principles.
IN-DOe-TEI-NA'TION, n. Instruction in prin-
ciples.
IN'DO-LENCE, n. Literally, freedom from pain;
habitual idleness ; laziness.
IN'DO-LENT, a. HfoHtnally inactive; reluctant
to effort ; in medicine, free from pain, as an indo-
lent tumor. See IDI.K.
IN'DO-LENT-LY, ad. In an idle, lazy, manner;
lazily ; sluggishly.
IN-DO.M'I-TA-BLE, a. That can not be subdued;
irrepressible ; untamable.
IN-DOES'A-BLE, a. That may be assigned by in-
dorsement.
IN-DOKSE', v. t. To write on the back of a paper ;
to write one's name on the back of, as on a note
of hand, thus becoming liable to pay ; to assign
by indorsement; to approve, as opinions.
IN-DOE-SEE', n. One to whom a note is assigned,
by indorsement.
IN-DOESE'MENT, n. A writing on the back of a
note ; that which is written on the back of a note ;
sanction or support given.
IN-D(")ES'EE, n. One who writes his name on the
back of a note or bill, and thus renders himself
liable to pay it.
IN-DO'BI-OUS, a. Not dubious ; certain.
IN-DU'BI-TA-BLE, a. Admitting of no doubt.
SYN. Unquestionable ; evident ; certain ; incon-
trovertible ; incontestable.
IN-DU'BI-TA-BLY, ad. In a manner not admitting
of doubt ; unquestionably ; certainly.
IN-DtJCE', r. t. To leader influence by persuasion ;
to prevail on; to cause, as changes ; in electricity
to transmit or exert an electric influence. SYN.
To move; actuate; urge; incite; impel; insti-
gate
IN-DUCETMENT, n. Any thing which leads the
mind to will or act. SYN. Motive ; incitement ;
reason; cause.
IND
227
INE
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK RtiXE, BrXL ; Vf 'ClOTTS.
IN-DC'CI-BLE, a. That may be induced or caused.
IN-DL'T / , v. t. To bring in ; to put in possession,
as of office, &c.
IN-DUC-TI-B1L1-TY, n. The quality of not being
ductile.
IN-DCT'lLE, a. Not capable of being drawn.
IN-DU-TiL'I-TY, n. Incapacity of being extended
by dn:
INDUCTION (-duk'shun), n. Literally, a bringing
in; hence the establishment of some general
truth by bringing a sufficiency of cases to prove
it [see belowj ; formal introduction into office ;
the quiet passing of electricity without open
indication of its presence, &c. SYN. Deduction.
In induction we observe a sufficient number of
facts, and, on the ground of analogy, extend what
is true of them to others of the same class,
thus arriving at general principles or laws. This
is the kind of reasoning 1 employed in physical
science. lu deduction we begin with a geneTal
truth, and seek to connect it with some in-
dividual case by means of a " middle term," or
class of objects known to be equally connected
with both. Thus we bring down the general into
the individual, affirming of the latter the distinc-
tive qualities of the former. This is the syllogistic
method. By induction. Franklin established
the identity of lightning with electricity ; by de-
duction ne inferred that dwellings might be pro-
tected by lightning-rods.
IN-DCTION-AL, o. Pertaining to induction.
IN-D0TlVE, a. Pertaining to induction. In-
ductive method or philosophy. See INDUCTION.
IN-DtJT'iVE-LY, ad. By induction or infer-
ence.
IN-DCT'OR, . One who inducts into office.
IN-DCE (in-du'), v. t. To put on something; to
supply with. SYN. To furnish ; invest ; clothe.
EMENT, n. A putting on ; endowment.
IN-DCLOE', v. t. To suffer to be ; not to check ;
to allow, as a gratification ; v. t. to yield to the
enjoyment of; to be favourable. SYN. To permit ;
humour; gratify, which see.
[/GENCE, \n. Forbearance of restraint-
IN-DUL'GEN-CY, 5 gratification ; favour. In the
.Roman Catholic Church, remission of the punibb-
ment due to sins, granted by the Pope or the
Church.
l.\-D0L'(jENT, a. Yielding to wishes ; humouring;
ving; mild.
IN-DCL'GENT-LY, ad. With indulgence; with
unrestrained enjoyment ; mildly.
IN-DOLG'EK, n. One who indulges.
IN'DU-RATE, v. t. To harden ; to grow nard cr
become hard.
IN'DU-RATE, v. t. To make hard; to make un-
feeling ; to deprive of sensibility.
IN-DU-RA'TION, n. Act or process of hardening ;
hardness of heart ; in pathology, the condition of
an indurated organic tissue, with or without
visible change of structure ; opposed to softening.
IN-DC'SI-AL, a. Containing the cases of caddis-
worms, as indiusial limestone.
IN-DCSTRI-AL, a. Relating to the product of
industry.
IN-DUS'TRI-OUS, a. Constantly, regularly or
habitually employed ; devotedly occupied in some
particular pursuit; characterized by industry.
SYN. Assiduous; active; laborious; careful; dili-
IN g Sc'STRI-OUSLY, ad. Diligently ; assiduously .
IN'DUS-TKY, n. Habitual or constant diligence ;
steady attention to business; assiduity. See
DILIGENCE.
IN'DWELL-ING, n. Residence within ; or in the
heart or soul.
IN'D WELL-ING, a. Dwelling within; remaining
in the heart.
IN-E'BRI-ANT, a. Tending to intoxicate.
EN-'BRI-ATE, v. t. To make drunk ; to intoxicate;
to disorder the senses ; to stupefy.
IN-'BRI-ATE, c. i. To be or become intoxicated.
, as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; SKIS.
IX-E'BRI-ATE, n. An habitual drunkard.
IN-E-BRI-A'TION, ) n. Intoxication : drunien-
IN-E-BRFE-TY, f ness.
IN-ED'IT-ED, a. Unpublished.
IN-Ef-FA-BlLI-TY, ) n. Quality of being un-
IX -EF'FA-BLE-N ESS, f utterable ; unspeakable-
ness.
KA-BLE, a. That can not be expressed in
words. SYN. Unspeakable ; unutterable ; inex-
pressible ; untold.
i 'A-BLY, ad. Unspeakably ; inexpressibly.
IN-EF-FACE'A-BLE, a. That can not be effaced.
IN-EF-FE-CTlVE, a. Producing no effect; not
competent to the service intended.
IN-EF-FEt'T'C-AL (-ftkt'yu-al), a. Not producing
the proper effect ; not able to produce it
SYN. Inefficient; ineffective; inefficaciou:
fruitless; weak.
IN-EF-FET0-AL-LY, ad. To no end or purpose.
IN-EF-FT'C-AL-NESS, n. Want of effect, or of
power to produce it ; inefficacy.
IN-EF-FER-VS'CENT, a. Not susceptible of ef-
once.
IN-EF-FER-VS'CI-BLE, a. Not capable of effer-
vescence.
IN-EF-FI-GA'CIOUS (-ka'ehus), a. Not efficaci-
ous ; not having power or adaptation to produce
the desired or proper < ,
IN-EF-FI-GA'CIOUS-LY, ad. Without efficacy.
IN-EF'FI- A-CY, n. Want of effect, or of power to
produce effect.
IN-EF-Fi"ClEN-CY (-f Ish'en-sv), n. Want of power
to produce the effect.
IN-EF-Fl"CIENT (-ftsh'ent), o. Not efficient; ef-
fecting little or nothing. STK. Inefficacious ; un-
availing ; idle ; fruitless.
IN-EF-F1"C1ENT-LY, ad. Ineffectually; without
effect.
IN-E-LASTK!, a. Wanting elasticity.
IN-E-LAS-T1C'I-TY (-ti'e-ty), n. Want of elas-
tic power.
IN-EL'E-GANCE, n. Want of elegance; plain-
ness ; want of beauty in language, composition,
or manners.
IN-L'E-GANT, a. Not elegant ; wanting beauty
or polish, as language, or refinement, as manners ;
wanting symmetry, as an edifice.
IN-EL'E-GANT-LY, ad. Without elegance.
IN-EL-I-GI-BIL'I-TY, . ry of being
elected to office.
IN-KLI-OI-BLE, a. Not capable of being elected ;
not worthy of choice.
IN-EPT 7 , a. Unfit; unsuitable; improper.
n ' UufltneBS ; unsuitablenesa
IN-E-QUAL'I-TY (-e-kwol'e-ty), n. Want of equa-
lity in degree, quantity, length, or quality of any
kind; want of levelnesa; disproportion to any
office or purpose ; want of uniformity ; disparity
of rank, station, Ac. STM. Difference; diversity;
uuevenness ; inadequacy ; incompetency, &c.
IN-Q'UI-TA-BLB (-^k'w-ta-bl), a. Not equit-
able ; unjust.
IN-R'RA-BLE, a. That eanuot mistake; infalli-
ble.
1N-RT' (13), o. Without power to move, as inert
matter; slow to . >sed to exertion;
dull. SYN. Inactive; sluggi^u. A man may be
inactive from mere want of .stimulus to effort, but
one who is inert has something in his constitution
or his habits which operates like a weight hold-
ing him back from exertion. Sluggish (from Bias)
is still stronger, implying some defect oi tem
ment which directly impedes action.
IN-KR'TIA (in-cr'sha), n. [L.] Want of disposi-
tion to move ; inactivity ; a property of matter,
causing it to remain at rent when still, and when
moving to persevere in a right line.
IN-ER'TION, n. Want of activity.
IN-ERTLY, ad. Without power of moving.
IN-ERTNESS (13), w. Want of power to move;
want of activity. SYK. Sluggishness ; laziness.
INE
228
INF
i, fi, &c., long. I, -6, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
IN-ESTI-MA-BLE, o. That can not be estimated
SYN. Invaluable ; priceless ; transcendent ; un
speakable.
IN-ES'TI-MA-BLY, ad. So as not to be estimatec
IN-EV'I-TA-BLE, o. That can not be avoided.
IN-EV'I-TA-BLE-NESS, n. Impossibility to b
avoided.
IN-E VI-TA-BLY, ad. Without P9ssibility of escap
or evasion ; unavoidably ; certainly.
IN-EX-A GT (-egz-akf) , a. Not exact j not precisel
correct or true.
IN-EX-A-GT'NESS, n. Incorrectness; wantofpre
cision.
IN-EX-U$'A-BLE (-eks-kuz'a-bl), a. That can no
be excused. SYN. Unjustifiable; unpardonable
irremissible.
IN-EX-etJS'A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of not bein
excusable ; enormity beyond palliation.
IN-EX-GtJS'A-BLY. ad. So as not to be excus
able.
IN-EX-EE'TION (13) (x as gz), n. Want of exer
tion.
IN-EX-HAL'A-BLE (x as gz), a. That can not b
evaporated.
IN-EX-HAUST'ED (x as gz), a. Not drained o
emptied ; not spent ; not having lost all strengt]
or resources.
IN-EX-HAUST'I-BLE, a. That can not be drained
that can not be wasted or spent: unfailing.
IN-EX-HAUST'I-BLE-NESS, n. State or quality
of being inexhaustible.
IN-EX-lST'ENCE (x as gz), n. Wanting existence
IN-EX-IST'ENT, a. Not existing; not in being
existing in something else.
IN-EX-O-RA-BIL'I-TY, ") n. Quality of being
IN-EX'O-EA-BLE-NESS,) inexorable or unyield
ing to entreaty.
IN-EX'0-EA-BLE (-eks'-), o. Not to be moved by
entreaty; that can not be made to bend. -
Inflexible ; unyielding ; immovable ; unrelenting ;
relentless ; implacable ; irreconcilable.
IN-EX'0-EA-BLY, ad. So as not to be moved by
entreaty.
IX-EX-P'DI-ENCE, )n. Want of fitness; un-
IN-EX-PE'DI-EN-CY, $ suitableness to the pur-
IN-EX-PE'DI-ENT, a. Not suitable for the purpose,
or to time and place ; not tending to a good end ;
unfit ; improper.
IN-EX-PE'EI-ENCE. n. Want of experience or
skill.
IN-EX-PE'EI-ENCED (-eks-pe'ri-enst), a. Not ex-
perienced ; unskilled.
IN-EX-PEET' (13), a. Without knowledge or
dexterity from practice ; unhandy ; awkward.
IN-EX'PI-A-BLE, a. That can not be atoned for,
as crime ; that can not be modified or appeased
by atonement, as hate.
IN-EX'PI-A-BLY, ad. So as not to be atoned for.
IN-X'PLI-JA-BLE, a. That can not be explained.
IN-EX'PLI-GA-BLY, ad. So as not to be explained.
IN-EX-PLOE'A-BLE, a. That can not be explored.
IN-EX-PEESS'I-BLE, a. Not to be expressed in
words. SYN. Unspeakable; unutterable; ineff-
able ; indescribable ; untold.
IN-EX-P EESS'I-BLY, ad. So as to be unutterable.
IN-EX-PRESS'lVE, a. Not expressing ; not tending
to express ; inexpressible.
IN EX-TEWSO, [L.] Fully ; at length.
IN-EX-TEEM'IN-A-BLE, a. That can not be ex-
terminated, or completely destroyed, as plants,
vices, nations.
IN-EX-TL\T', a. Not quenched or extinct.
IN-EX-TING'GUISH-A-BLE (-ex-ttng'guish-a-bl), a.
That can not be extinguished.
IN-EX'TEI-eA-BLE, a. Not to be disentangled ;
not to be freed from perplexity.
IN-EX'TEI-GA-BLY, ad. So as not to be extricable.
I.V-EYE' (in-I), . t. To inoculate, as a tree; to
propagate by budding.
IN-FAL-LI-BIL'I-TY,n. The quality of being in-
capable of error.
FALL, WH^T; THRE, TEEM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
IN-FAL'LI-BLE, a. Incapable of mistake; no*
liable to fail or to deceive confidence.
IN-FAL'LI-BLY, ad. Without mistake ; certainly.
IN'FA-MOUS, a. Having the worst reputation;
held in abhorrence ; branded with infamy by con-
viction of a crime. SYN. Detestable; odious;
scandalous ; disgraceful ; base.
IN'FA-MOUS-LY, ad. Most vilely; shamefully.
IN'FA-MOUS-NESS, ") n. Utter disgrace ; total loss
IN'FA-MY, / of reputation; loss of
character or public disgrace from conviction of
crime.
tN'FAN-CY, n. The first part of life, beginning at
the birth, as of a child; the beginning of any
thing, as the infancy of a college or of manufac-
tures. In law, infancy extends to the age of 21
years.
IN'FANT, n. A new-born child ; a. Pertaining to
infants ; very young.
IN-FAN'TA, n. Any daughter of the king in Spain
and Portugal except the oldest, when heiress-ap-
parent.
IN-FAN'TE (in-fan'ta), n. Any son of the king in
Spain or Portugal except the heir-apparent, often
written infant.
IN-FANT'I-CIDE, n. The murder or murderer of
an infant.
IN'FANT-ILE, ) a. Pertaining to infants or to
IN'FANT-LNE, $ young children.
IN'FANT-EY, n. Foot soldiers of an army, &c.
IN-FAT'O-ATE (-fat'yu-ate), v. t. To make a fool
of; to inspire with a foolish and extravagant
passion.
IN-FAT'C-A-TED, a. Inspired with a foolish, ex-
travagant passion.
IN-FAT-C-A'TION, n. Deprivation of reason ; ex-
treme folly.
IN-FA-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality of being
impracticable.
IN-FA'SI-BLE (-fe'ze-bl), a. That can not be per-
formed.
IN-FT', v. t. To taint with disease ; to contami-
nate by some secret influence. SYN. To poison ;
vitiate ; pollute ; corrupt.
IN-F'TION, n. Act of tainting with disease ;
that which conveys disease by some hidden in-
fluence; that which acts by a secret diffusive
power, as the infection of evil principles. SYN.
Contagion. Medical writers in Europe do not,
most of them, allow there is any difference be-
tween contagion and infection. In America, the
distinction referred to under CONTAGION is, to a
considerable extent, admitted. In general litera-
ture, this distinction is well established. We use
contagion and contagious in respect to things which
spread by intercourse or imitation, as the conta-
gions influence of example ; while we apply infec-
tion and infectious to a more hidden and diffusive
power, as the infection of vice, the infectious influ-
ence of evil principles.
N-FECI'TIOUS (-frk'shus), a. Having power to
communicate disease ; tending to contaminate
by some secret influence ; operating by a secret
diffusive influence, as joy is infectious.
N-FE'TIOUS-LY, ad. With or by infection.
IN-F'TIOUS-NESS, n. Quality of corrupting, or
of being capable of communicating disease.
N-FE-eTlVE, a. Communicating disease.
N-FE'UND, a. Unfruitful ; barren.
N-FE-OND'I-TY, n. State of not producing;
barrenness.
N-FE-LlC'I-TOUS, a. Not felicitous ; unhappy.
N-FE-LlC'I-TY, . Unhappiness ; unfortunate
state ; unfavourableuess.
N-FfiE' (13), v. t. To deduce, as a consequence;
to conclude.
IN-FE'A-BLE, ") a. That may be deduced from
N-FR'EI-BLE, ) premises.
N'FEE-ENCE, n. Literally, that which is brought
in ; hence, a deduction from premises ; something
which follows as certainly or probably true. SYN.
Conclusion. A conclusion is stronger than infer-
INF
229
INF
DOVE, WQLF, BOQK ; R^TLE, BTJLL ; Vl"CIOTJS.
ence ; it shuts us up to the result, and terminates
inquiry. In a chain of reasoning we have many
inferences which lead to the ultimate conclusion.
IN-FE-EKN"TIAL (-ren'shal), o. Deduced or de-
ducible by inferences.
IN-FE'RIOR, a. Lower in age or place; subordi-
nate ; n. one who is younger or subordinate.
IN-FE-EI-OE'I-TY, n. A lower state in dignity,
age, value, or quality.
IN-FR'NAL (13), o. Pertaining to hell or its in-
habitants ; pertaining to the lower regions of the
dead, the Tartarus of the ancients. SYN. Diabo-
lical; Satanic; fiendish; malicious; detestable.
IN-FEETCAL, n. An inhabitant of hell or of the
lower regions ; an infernal being.
IN-FEE'NAL-LY, ad. Like an infernal.
IN-FER'TILE, a. Barren; poor; unproductive.
IN-FEE-TlL'I-TY, o. Barrenness ; unfruitful-
ness.
IN-FEST' v. t. To vex with frequent incursions ;
to troiible greatly. SYN. To disturb ; harass; an-
noy ; torment ; plague ; vex.
IN-FES-TA'TION, n. Act of infesting j annoyance ;
molestation.
IN-FES'TlVE, o. Not festive ; having no mirth.
IN-FES-TiV'I-TY, n. Want of mirth or festivity.
IN-FEO-DA'TION (-fu-da'shun), n. Act of putting
one in possession of fee or estate.
IN'FI-DEL, a. Not believing in the Scriptures.
IN'FI-DEL, n. One who denies the Scriptures and
Christianity. SYN. Unbeliever; free-thinker; de-
ist ; atheist ; sceptic. Some have endeavoured to
widen the sense of infidel so as to embrace athe-
ism and every form of unbelief, but this has failed.
A free-thinker is now only another name for an
infidel. An unbeliever is not necessarily a disbe-
liever or infidel, because he may still be inquiring
after evidence to satisfy his mind ; the word,
however, is more commonly used in the worst
sense. A deist believes in one God and a divine
providence, but rejects revelation. An atheist
denies the being of God. A sceptic is one whose
faith in the reliability of etriden.ce is weakened or
destroyed, so that religion, to the same extent,
has no practical hold on his mind.
IN-FI-DEL'I-TY, n. Disbelief of the inspiration
of the Scriptures ; breach of trust ; treachery ;
unfaithfulness, particularly in married persons.
IN-FlL'TEATE, . t. To enter by the pores.
IN-FIL-TRA'TIQN, n. Act of entering by the pores.
iN'FI-NiTE, a. Strictly, without limits of any kind ;
having no end, as an infinite series; in a loose
sense, of very great and indefinite dimensions.
SYN. Boundless ; illimitable ; interminable ; end-
less; unbounded; immense.
IN'FI-NiTE, n. Infinity; an infinitesimal.
IN'FI-NlTE-LY, ad. Without limit or end.
IN'FI-NITE-NESS, n. Boundless extent.
IN-FIN-I-TES'I-MAL, n. An indefinitely small
quantity ; a. infinitely small.
IN-FIN'I-TIVE, a. Undefined or not defining, as
the infinitive mood in grammar, which expresses
the action of the verb without a limitation of
number or person.
IN-FlN'I-TODE, n. Infinity ; immensity.
IN-FIN'I-TY, n. Unlimited extent or number.
IN-FlRM' (17), a. Not firm or sound; weak in
mind; not solid or stable. SYN. Debilitated;
sickly; feeble; irresolute; unstable.
IN-FiRM'A-EY (17), n. A hospital or place to
lodge and nurse the sick poor.
IN-FlEM'I-TY, n. An unsound or unhealthy state
of body ; weakness of mind or of resolution ; any
particular disease ; any deficiency of strength in
a thing. SYN. Feebleness ; unsoundness ; foible ;
malady; defect; imperfection.
IN-FlEM'LY, ad. In a weak or feeble manner.
IN-FlEM NESS, n. The want of soundness ; state
of weakness; feebleness.
IN-FlX', v. t. To fix deep j to fasten ; to implant.
IN-FLAME', v. t. To set on fire ; to excite and in-
crease, as passion or appetite ; to fill with anger
-e as K ; 6 as J ; B as z ; CH as SH ; THIS,
or cause irritation. SYN. To fire; kindle; heat;
provoke ; incense ; exasperate ; enrage.
IN-FLAM'EE, n. The person or thing that sets on
fire.
IN-FLAM-MA-BtL'I-TY, n. Susceptibility of tak-
ing fire.
IN-FLAM'MA-BLE, o. Susceptible ; of taking fire;
easily enkindled or set on fire.
IN-FLAM-MA'TION, n. The act of setting on fire ;
the state of being in flame ; violent excitement ; a
redness and swelling attended with heat, pain, and
febrile symptoms.
IN-FLAM'MA-TO-RY, o. Tending to or showing
inflammation, accompanied with preternatural
heat and excitement of arterial action ; tending to
excite anger or sedition.
IN-FLATE', v. t. To swell by injecting air; to fill
with the breath ; to puff up ; to elate.
IN-FLA'TION, n. The act of inflating; state of
being distended with air ; a swelling with wind or
vanity.
IN-FLET', v. t. To bend; to decline ; to modulate.
IN-FLE'TION, (-flgk'shun), n. Act of bending or
turning ; a variation of nouns by declension, and
of verbs by conjugation ; modulation of the voice
in speaking.
IN-FLE'TION-AL, o. Belonging to, or having the
nature of, an inflection.
IN-FLET'IVE a. Able to bend or vary.
IN-FLEX-I-B1L'I-TY, n. Unyielding stiffness ; ob-
stinacy of will or temper ; firmness of purpose.
IN-FLEX'I-BLE (-fleks'e-bl), a. Immovably stiff or
firm ; that will not yield ; firm in purpose ; that
can not be turned or changed. SYN. Unbending;
unyielding ; rigid ; inexorable ; obstinate ; stub-
born; unrelenting,
IN-FLEX'I-BLY, ad. With unyielding firmness.
IN-FLlT', . t. To lay or bring on, as evil; to
IN-^LLCT'EE, n. One who inflicts.
IN-FLI-G'TION (-fflk'shun), n. The act of inflict-
ing ; the punishment applied.
IN-FLl-GT'lVE, a. Tending to inflict.
IN-FLO-EES'CENCE, n. Mode of flowering in
plants ; unfolding of blossoms.
IN'FLU-ENCE, n. Literally, a flowing into, in or
on, and referring to substances spiritual, or too
subtile to be visible ; power whose operation is
unseen, and known chiefly by its effects ; moral
power ; spiritual power.
IN'FLU-ENCE, v. t. To move by invisible physi-
cal power or by moral power ; to persuade ; to
affect the mind or passions ; to lead or direct.
IN-FLU-EN'TIAL (-Cn'shal), a. Exerting influence;
controlling.
IN-FLU-EN'TIAL-LY, ad. So as to incline or di-
rect.
IN-FLU-EN'ZA, n. An epidemic febrile catarrh.
IN'FLUX, n. Act of flowing in ; introduction.
IN-FLOX'ION, n. Infusion ; intromission.
IN-FOLD', v. t. To involve; toinwrap; to inclose;
to embrace.
IN-FOLD'MENT, n. Act of infolding.
IN-FOLI-ATE, v. t. To overspread with leaves.
IN-FOEM', v. t. Literally, to form within ; to actu-
ate or move by an inward energy ; to acquaint by
word or writing ; v. i. to give information or tes-
timony; used chiefly with against, ;is to inform
against. SYN. To animate; quicken; apprise;
tell ; teach ; instruct.
IN- FORM' AL, a. Irregular; wanting form.
IN-FOE-MAL'I-TY, n. Want of the usual forms.
IN-FORM'AL-LY, ad. Without the usual forms.
IN-FORM'ANT, n. One who tells ; one who gives
notice or intelligence. SYN. Informer. These
two words should never be confounded. An in-
former is one who, for selfish ends, volunteers
accusations with a view to have others punished ;
an informant is one who simply acquaints us with
something we had not known before.
IN-FOE-MA'TION, n. Communication of know-
ledge ; instruction ; knowledge derived from any
INF
230
INH
I, , &c., long. I, S, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
source; intelligence or advice from abroad; a
charge or accusation preferred.
IN-FORM'ER, n. One who communicates know-
ledore of offences.
IN-FORM'I-TY, n. Shapelessness ; irregularity.
IN-FORM'OUS, a. Skapeless ; irregular.
iN'FRA, a Latin preposition used in compounds as
signifying beneath, &c.
IN-FRA'TION, n. Breach ; violation ; the act of
breaking.
IN-FRA!T'OR, n. One who violates an agree-
ment.
IN-FRA-LAP-SA'RI-AN, n.
Sullapsarian, which
IN-FKA-MUN'DANE, a. Lying beneath the world
IN-FRAN'GI-BLE, a. That can not be broken or
separated into parts.
IN-FRE'QUEN-eE, ") n. Uncommonness ; the state
IN-FRE 'QUEN-CY, > of rarely occurring.
IN-FRE'QUENT, a. Seldom happening or coming
to notice ; not usual.
IN-FRE'QUENT-LY, ad. Not frequently.
IN-FRjLw-I-DA'TION, n. The act of making cold ;
drilling.
IN-FRINGE', u. t. To break; to violate; to trans
Kress.
IN-FRlNGE'MENT, n. Act of violating. SYN.
Breach; non-fulfilment ; transgression; intru-
sion ; trespass ; encroachment.
IN-FRU!T'0-OSE, a. Unfruitful.
IN-FRO'GAL, a. Not frugal; careless; extrava
IN-FRU-GlF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing no fruit.
IN-FU-MA'TION, n. The act of drying in smoke.
IN-FUN-DlB'U-LAR, a. Having the shape of a
tunnel or funnel.
IN-FO'RI-ATE, v, t. To enrage ; to make mad.
IN-FO'RI-ATE, a. Like a fury; raging; mad.
IN-FOS'ATE, v. t. To darken; to make black.
IN-FUS-A'TION, n. Act of making dark.
IN-FOSE' (-fuze'), v. t. To pour in, as a liquid;
to instil, as principles or qualities ; to introduce ;
to steep in liquors without boiling, for extracts.
IN-FU-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being infused
or poured in ; incapacity of being fused.
IN-FO'SI-BLE (-fu'ze-bl), a. That may be in-
fused ; that can not be dissolved, melted, or made
liquid.
IN-FO'SION C-fu'zhun), n. Act of pouring in ; sub'
stance infused; suggestion; in pharmacy, the
process of steeping in liquids ; the liquor in which
plants have been steeped for extract.
IN-FO'SI VE, a. Having power of infusion.
IN-FU-SCfRI-A, n. [L.] Microscopic animals found
in infusions of animal or vegetable matter, water
and other liquids.
IN-GATH'ER-ING, n. Act of collecting and secur-
ing the fruits of the earth ; harvest.
IN-G EL' A-BLE, a. That can not be congealed.
IN-GEM'I-NATE, v. i. To double ; to repeat.
IN-GEM-I-NA'TION, n. Repetition ; doubling.
IN-GEN'ER-ATE, v. t. To produce within.
IN-GEN'ER-ATE, a. Inborn ; innate.
IN-GN'IOUS (in-jen'yus), a. Possessed of genius
or the faculty of invention; hence, skilful or
prompt to invent or contrive ; of curious design
or structure ; well adapted or witty, as an ingeni-
ous answer.
IN-GEN'I-OUS-LY, ad. With ingenuity or skill;
cleverly.
IN-GEN'I-OUS-NESS, n. Promptness at inven-
tion ; curiousness of design or execution.
IN-G EN'l TE, a. Innate ; inbred.
IN-GE-NO'I-TY, n. Ready invention ; quickness
and acuteness in combining ideas. SYN. Clever-
ness. Ingenuity is a form of genius, and cleverness
of talent. The former implies invention, the
latter a peculiar dexterity and readiness of execu-
tion. Sir James Mackintosh remarks that the
English overdo in the use of the words clever and
cleverness, applying them loosely to almost every
form of intellectual ability. i
F^LL, WH|.T; THiRE, TERM; MARINE, BiBD ; MOVB,
IN-GEN'tT-OUS (-j6n'yu-us), a. Free from reserve,
disguise, or dissimulation becoming an honour-
able mind. SYN. Open, frank. One who is open
speaks out at once what is uppermost in his
mind ; one who is franlc does it from a natural
boldness or dislike of self-restraint ; one who is
ingenuous is actuated by a noble candour and love
of truth, which makes him willing to confess his
faults, and make known all his sentiments with-
out reserve.
IN-GfiN'C-OUS-LY, ad. Candidly ; frankly ; fairl -.
IN-GEN'C-OUS-NESS, n. Openness of lieari, ;
freedom from reserve.
IN-GES'TION (-jgst'ynn), n. Act of throwing in.
ING'GLE (mg'gl), n. [Scottish.] A fire.
IN-GLO'RI-OUS, a. Bringing no glory; shame-
ful.
iN'GOT, n. A bar or wedge of gold, silver, or other
metal cast in a mould, or a mass unwrought.
IN-GRlFT' (6), v. t. To insert a scion in a stock;
to plant or introduce sometliing foreign into that
which is native ; to fix deep.
IN-GRAFT'MENT, n. Act of ingrafting.
IN-GRAIN', v. t. To dye before manufacture, to
work into the natural texture.
IN'GRATE, o. Ungrateful ; unthankful ; n. An
ungrateful person.
IN-GRA'TIATE (in-gra'shate), v. t To commend
one's self to favour.
IN-GRAT'I-TODE, n. Want of a due sense of
favours ; return of evil for good.
IN-GRAVI-DATE, v. t. To impregnate.
IN-GRE'DI-ENT, n. That which enters into a
compound as a component part.
IN'GRESS, n. Entrance ; power of entering.
IN-GRES'SION (-grSsh'un), n. Act of entering.
ING'GUI-NAL, a. Belonging to the groin.
IN-GOLF, v. t. To swallow in a gulf; to cast into
a gulf.
IN-GOR'GI-TATE, v. t. To swallow greedily.
IN-GUR-GI-TA'TION, n. Act of swallowing
greedily.
IN-HAB ILE, a. Not fit ; unskilled.
IN-HAB'IT, v. t. To live or dwell in; to occupy
as a place of settled residence.
IN-HAB'IT, v. i. To dwell ; to live ; to abide.
IN-HAB'IT- A-BLE, a. That may be inhabited.
IN-HAB'IT-AN-CY, n. Legal residence.
IN-HAB'IT- ANT, n. A dweller ; one who resides
permanently in a place ; one who has legal settle-
ment in a town, city, or parish.
IN-HAI3-I-TA'TION, n. Act of residence; abode
or dwelling.
IN-HAB'IT-A-TlVE-NESS, n. In phrenology, an
organ which produces love of particular regions
or love of home.
IN-HAB'IT-ER, n. A dweller ; an inhabitant.
IN-HAB'IT-RESS, n. A female inhabitant.
IN-HA-LA'TION, n. The act of inhaling.
IN-HALE', v. t. To draw into the lungs, as air.
IN-HAL'ER, n. One who inhales; an apparatus
for inhaling medicated vapours, &c., into the
lungs.
IN-HAR-MO'NI-OUS, o. Unmusical ; discordant.
IN-HAR-MONI-OUS-LY, ad. Discordantly.
IN-HEARSE', v. t. To place in a hearse.
IN-HERE', v. t. To exist or be fixed in some-
thing.
IN-HR'ENCE, \n. Evistence in something; a
IN-HER'EN-CY, ) fixed state of being in another
body or substance.
IN-HER'ENT, a. Existing in something so as to
be inseparable from it ; naturally pertaining to.
SYN. Innate; inborn; native; natural; inbred;
inwrought.
IN-HER'ENT-LY, ad. By inherence.
IN-HR'IT, v. t. To take by descent from ances-
tors ; to receive by nature from a progenitor ; to
possess ; to enjoy ; v. i to take or have posses-
sion.
IN-HER'IT- A-BLE, a. That may be inherited;
capaljle of taking by inheritance.
INK
231
INN
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK J R*LE, B]7I,L ; Vl"CIOUS. -6 aS K ; 6 as J J S OS Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
IN-HfiRTT-ANCE, w. Act of inheriting; that
which descends to us from our ancestors ; that
which belongs by right to us and our posterity.
IN-HfiRTT-OR, n. A man who inherits.
IN-HBR'IT-RESS, ) n. An heiress; a female who
IN-HER'IT-RIX, j inherits.
IN-H'SION (-he'zhun), n. Act or state of inher-
ing.
IN-HIB'IT, v. t. To forbid ; to hinder ; to restrain.
IN-HI-BI"TION (-biVh'un), n. Act of prohibiting.
IN-H I B IT-O- R Y, a. Prohibitory.
IN-HOS'PI-TA-BLE, a. Affording no conveniences
or shelter for strangers ; wanting in hospitality.
IN-HOS'PI-TA-BLE-NESS, 7 n. Want of hospi-
IX-HOS-PI-TAL'I-TY, j tality.
IN-H(")S'PI-TA-BLY, ad. Unkindly to strangers.
IN-HO'MAN, a. Destitute of kindness and tender-
ness ; marked with cruelty, SYN. Barbarous ;
cruel; unfeeling; savage; pitiless; merciless.
IN-HU MAN'I-TY,Ti. Barbarity; cruelty.
IN-HO'MAN-LY, ad. Barbarously ; with cruelty.
IN-HU-M VTION, n. The act of burying; in che-
mistry, a method of digesting substances by bury-
ing the vessel containing them in warm earth, &c.
IN-HOME', v.t. To inter; to bury, as a dead
body ; to digest in a vessel surrounded by warm
IN-)M'I-AL, a. Unfriendly; adverse; hurtful.
IN-lM'I-AL-LY, ad. In an unfriendly manner.
IN-IM-1-TA-BIL'I-TY, n. Incapacity to be imi-
tated.
IN-IM'I-TA-BLE, a. That cannot be imitated.
IN-IM'I-TA-BLY, ad. To a degree beyond imita-
tion .
IN.lQ'UI-TOTJS (-ik'we-tus), a. Characterized by
great injustic3. SYN. Wicked; nefarious.
Wicked is generic : iniquitous is stronger, denoting
a violation of the rights of others, usually by
fraud or circumvention ; nefarious is still stronger,
implying a breach of the most sacred obligations.
IN-IQ'UI-TY (-ik'vve-ty), n. Want of rectitude;
deviation from rectitude ; some particular act of
wickedness. SYN. Injustice ; unrighteousness ;
crime.
IN-1"TIAL (-Ysh'al), a. Placed at the beginning;
first ; incipient ; n. the first letter of a name.
IN-I"TIATE (-ish'ate), v. t. To instruct in rudi-
ments ; to introduce into a new state or society ;
to begin.
IN-I-TI-A'TION (-ish-e-a'shun), n. Act of initiat-
ing; instruction in first principles.
IN-I"TI-A-T1VE, a. Serving to introduce; n. an
introductory step.
IN-1"TIA-TO-RY (-f sh'a-to-ry) , a. Introductory ; in-
troducing by instruction ; initiating.
IN-JfiT', v. t. To throw in or upon.
IN-JE'TION (-jfik'shun), n. Act of throwing in ;
a clyster ; the act of filling up, as the vessels of
an animal bod^, with some coloured substance, to
show the veins, &c.
r.\-JU-Dl"CIOUS (-dish'us), a. Not wise or ac-
cording to sound judgment. SYN. Indiscreet ;
inconsiderate; incautious; unwise; rash.
I.\-JU-D1"CIOUS-LY, ad. Without judgment;
unwisely; acting indiscreetly.
lN-JU-pl"CIOUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
injudicious or unwise.
IN-JOX'TION (-junk'shun), n. A command; the
direction of a superior vested with authority ;
urgent advice ; in law, a writ of the court oi
chancery forbidding or requiring some specified
act to be done.
IN'JU E, v. t. To wrong the person, to damage
the property, or lessen the happiness of ourselves
or others. SYN. To hurt; wound; damage; slan-
der; tarnish; diminish; annoy; grieve; deterio-
rate : impair ; violate.
IN-JC'RI-OUS, a. Hurtful to the rights or person
of another; causing damage or loss; lessening
reputation; doing injustice. SYN. Wrongful;
unjust; hurtful; mischievous; detractory; con-
tumelious.
IN-JO'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Hurtfully ; wrongfully.
IN-Jp'RI-OUS-NESS, n. Quality of being hurtful
or injurious.
iN'JU-RY, n. Any wrong or damage done to a
man's person, rights, or reputation, &c.; any
diminution of what is good and valuable. SYN.
Hurt; mischief; detriment; annoyance; damage.
IN-JOS'TICE, n. Injury to rights; wrong done;
withholding merited praise, or ascribing un-
merited blame.
INK (Qj), n. A liquor used for writing or print-
ing.
I N K, v. t. To black or daub with ink.
INK'HORN, n. A vessel to hold ink ; a portable
case for instruments of writing.
INK'I-NESS, n. The state of being inky.
I NK'LE (ink'kl), n. A kind of narrow fillet ; tape.
INK'LING, n. A hint; whisper ; inclination ; de-
sire.
INK'STAND, n. A vessel to hold ink.
I N K'Y, a. Consisting of ink or resembling it.
IN-LACE', v. t. To embellish with variegations.
IN 'LAND, a. Interior; remote from the sea or
ocean ; not foreign.
IN-LAY' (-la'), v. t. To ornament or diversify a
surface by laying in pieces of some different ma-
terial, as ivory, pearl, &c.
IN'LAY, n. Materials inlaid or 'prepared for inlay-
IN-LAY'ER, n. One who inlays or whose occupa-
tion is to inlay.
IN-LAY'I N G, n. The ornamenting work with thin
pieces of wood, ivory, metal, &c., set in a ground
of wood or some coarser material.
IN'LET, n. Passage into an inclosed place ; a bay
or recess.
IN LIM.'1-NE [L.] On tLo threshold, at the out-
set.
IN-LIST'. See ENLIST.
IN'LY, a. Interior; internal; secret.
iN'LY, ad. Internally; within; in the heait; se-
cretly.
IN'MATE, n. One who lives in the same house.
IN'MOST, a Deepest or furthest within.
INN, n. A house for the entertainment and lodg-
ing of travellers. In England, this name is given
to a college of professors and students of law, as
Gray's Inn.
IN N, v. i. To put up at an inn ; to lodge.
INN, v. t. To house ; to put under cover.
LVNATE or IN-\ ATE', a.. Born with us ; natural;
native ; innate ideas, ideas supposed to be stamped
on the mind from its earliest existence.
IN'NATE-LY or IN-NATE'LY, ad. According to
innate ideas or impressions ; naturally.
IViNATE-NESSorlN-NATE'NESS, n. The quality
of being innate.
IN-NAV'I-GA-BLE, a. Impassable by ships.
JN'NER, a. Interior; further inward.
IN'NER-MOST, a. Furthest inward ; most remote
from the outward part.
IN-NER-VA'TION, n. The properties or functions
of the nervous system.
I N -NERVE', v. t. To invigorate ; to strengthen.
IN'NING, n. The ingathering of grain; the turn
for using the bat in cricket.
IN NING*, n. pi. Lands recovered from the sea.
INN'KEEP-ER, n. One who keeps a house of en-
tertainment for strangers.
IN'NO-CENCK, 7 n. Freedom from guilt; harrn-
IN'NO-CKN-CY,j lessness.
IN'NO-CENT, a. Free from qualities that can in-
jure ; free from guilt. SYN. Harmless ; innoffen-
sive ; guiltless ; pure.
IN'NO-CENT, n. One free from guilt; a natural;
IN'NO-CENT-LY, ad. Harmlessly ; without guilt.
IN-NO'0-OUS (-iiok'yn-us), a. Not calculated to
injure. SYN. Safe; harmless; innocent.
IN-N<")C'C-OUS LY, ad. Harmlessly; without in-
jurious effects.
IN-NO'0-OUS-NESS, n. Harmlessness.
INN
232
INS
I, S, &c., long. I, JB, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
iN'NO-VATE, i'. i. To introduce novelties; v. t.
to change or alter, or bring in something new.
IN-N O-VATION, n. Introduction of novelties.
IN'NO-VA-TOR, n. One who innovates.
IN-NOX'IOUS (-nSk'shus), o. Harmless j innocent ;
not producing evil.
IN-NU-N'DO, n. An oblique hint at some one to
his injury ; in law, a showing the application of
some injurious remark. SYN. Insinuation. An
innuendo supposes a representation so framed as
to point distinctly (lit., by nodding) at something
beyond which is injurious to the character, &c., of
the person aimed at. An insinuation turns on no
such double use of language ; but consists in art-
fully winding into the mind imputations of an in-
jurious nature without making any direct charge,
and is therefore justly regarded as one of the
basest resorts of malice and falsehood.
IN-NU-MER-A-BlL'I-TY, [ n. State of being in-
IN-NCM'ER-A-BLE-NESS,j numerable.
IN-NO'MER-A-BLE, a. That can not be numbered.
IN-NU'MER-A-ULY, ad. Beyond number.
IN-NUTMER-OUS, o. Too many to be counted or
numbered.
IN-NU-TR1"TION (-trfsh'un), n. Failure of nour-
ishment : want of nutrition.
IN-NU-TRt"TIOUS (-trish'us), a. Not affording
nourishment.
IN-NO'TRI-TIVE, a. Not nourishing.
IN-OB-SERV'ANCE, n. Neglect of observation.
IN-OB-SERV'ANT, a. Not taking notice.
IN-0'0-LATE, v. t. Literally, to insert an eye or
bud, as in the bark of trees, for the sake of propa-
gation; hence, to infect with a disease (as the
small-pox) by inserting its virus under the skin ;
v. i. to practise inoculation.
IN-O-U-LA'TION (-ok-yu-la'shun), n. Act of ino-
culating.
IN-O-6'O-LA-TOR, n. One who inoculates.
IN-0'DOR-OUS, a. Destitute of smell ; wanting
scent.
IN-OF-FEN'StVE, a. Giving no offence ; harmless ;
not obstructing.
IN-OF-FEVSIVE-LY, ad. Harmlessly; in a man-
ner not to offend.
IN-OF-FEN'SIVE-NESS, n. The quality of harm-
lessness; innocence.
IN-OF-F1"CIAL (-f Ish'al), a. Not official ; not done
in the usual forms or by authority.
JN-OF-FFCIOUS (-fish'us), a. Contrary to natural
duty ; not civil or attentive.
IN-OP'ER-A-TIVE, a. Not operating; inactive;
having no operation ; producing no effect.
IN-OP-POR-TCNE', a. Unseasonable in time ; not
opportune ; inconvenient.
IN-OP-POR-TCNE'LY, ad. At an inconvenient or
unseasonable time.
IN-OP'0-LENT (-op'yu-lent), a. Not opulent or
wealthy.
IN-OR'DI-NA-CY, n. Want of moderation. STN.
Irregularity ; disorder ; excess.
IN-OR'DI-NATE, a. Not limited to rules prescribed
or to usual bounds. SYN. Irregular; disorderly;
immoderate; excessive.
IN-OR'DI-NATE-LY, ad. Immoderately; to ex-
cess.
IN-OR'DI-NATE-NESS, n. Want of moderation ;
excess.
IN-OR-GAN'I-C, ") a. Destitute of organs ; not
IN-OR-GAN'I-AL, $ found with the organs or
instruments of life.
IN-OR'GAN-IZED, a. Not having organic struc-
ture ; inorganic, as earths, &c.
IN-OS'-CU-LATE, v. t. To unite by apposition or
contact, as a vein and an artery, at their extremi-
ties.
IN-OS~eU-LA'TION, n. Union by junction of
their extremities, as in veins and arteries.
IN POS'SE [L.] In possible existence.
INQUEST, n. Judicial inquiry or examination;
a jury, particularly a coroner's, to examine in
c ases of sudden death, &c.
FALL, WHAT; THfiRE, TERM; MARINE, BlRD ; JCOVK,
IN-QUFE-T0DE, n. A restless, disturbed state d
mind. SYN. Uneasiness; disquietude; restless-
ness.
IN-QUIRE', v. t. To ask about ; to seek by asking
as to inquire the way ; v. i. to seek for truth or
information ; followed by of, about, after, &c.
IN-QU1-REN'DO, n. [L.] In laic, an authority
given by writ to inquire, <fec.
IN-QUlR'ER, n. One who asks or examines.
IN-QUl'RY, n. Act of inquiring ; a seeking for in-
formation by questions ; search for truth ; exami-
nation ; interrogatory ; question ; scrutiny.
IN-QUI-$1"TION (in-kwe-z*sh'un), n. Judicial in-
quiry; inquiry; examination; a Roman Catholic
tribunal for discovering and punishing heretics.
IN-QUI-$1"TION-AL (-zlsh'uu-), a. Pertaining to
inquisition ; busy in inquiry.
IN-QUlS'I-TlVE (in-kwiz'e-tiv), a. Given to in-
quiry; eager in the pursuit of knowledge. SYN.
Curious ; prying. Curious denotes a feeling, and
inguisitite a habit. We are curious when we desire
to learn something new ; we are inquisitive when
we set ourselves to gain it by inquiry or research.
Prying implies inquisitit'eness when carried to an
extreme, and is more commonly used in a bad
sense, as indicating a desire to penetrate into the
secrets of others.
IN-QUlS'I-TlVE-LY, ad. With curiosity to inquire.
IN-QUl$'I-TlVE-NESS, n. Disposition to seek for
knowledge , curiosity.
IN-QUlS'I-TOR, n. A member of the Inquisition ;
one who sets himself to inspecting the conduct of
others.
IN-QUIS-I-TO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to an inquisitor
or the Inquisition ; having the spirit of an in-
quisitor.
IN-RAIL', v. t. To enclose with rails.
IN ROAU. An incursion ; sudden invasion.
IN-SAL-I-VA'TION, n. The mixture of saliva with
food during mastication.
IN-SA-LD'BRI-OUS, a. Hostile to the health.
SYN. Unhealthy ; unwholesome ; sickly ; pesti-
lential.
IN-riA-Ltf'BRI-TY, n. Want of healthful quali-
ties ; uuwholesomeuess, as the insalubrity of
climate, of water, &c.
IN-SAL'U-TA-RY, a. Unfavourable to health ; not
tending to safety.
IN-SAN'A-BLE, a. That can not be healed.
IN'-SANE', a. Unsound in mind; deranged; ap-
propriated to unsound persons, as an insane hos-
pital. SYN. Crazy; distracted; delirious; de-
mented ; frantic ; raving.
IN-SANE'LY, ad. Madly ; without reason.
1N-SAN'I-TY, n. Unsoundness of mind; derange-
ment of intellect. SYN. Lunacy ; madness ; de-
rangement ; alienation ; aberration ; mania ; de-
lirium ; frenzy ; monomania ; dementia. Insanity
is the generic term for all such diseases ; lunacy
has now an equal extent of meaning, though once
used to denote periodical insanity; madness has
the same extent, though originally referring to
the rage created by the disease; derangement,
aberration, alie?iation, are popular terms for in-
sanity ; delirium, mania, aud frenzy denote excited
states of the disease ; dementia denotes the loss of
mental power by this means; monomania is in-
sanity upon a single subject.
IN-SA'TIA-BLE (in-sa'sha-bl), a. That can not be
satisfied SYN. Ravenous ; rapacious ; eager; un-
sated; greedy. [satisfied.
IN-SA'TIA-BLE-NESS. n. Greediness not to be
IN-SA'TIA-BLY, ad. With greediness; not to be
satisfied.
IN-SA'TIATE, a. Not to be satisfied.
IN-SA-TI'E-TY, n. lusatiableness. [knowledge.
IN-SCl'ENCE (in-sl'ence;,n. Ignorance; want of
IN-SRIB'A-BLE, a. That may be inscribed.
IN-SRIBE', v. t. To write; engrave, or imprint
on ; to dedicate or commend, as to inscribe a poem
or book to a prince ; to draw a geometrical figure
within another.
1XS
233
INS
DOVE, WOLF, B99K; BtfLE, BULL; VFCIOUS.
IN-SRlP'Ti;oN, n. That which is written,
marked, or engraved on something; an address
or dedication of a book, poem, &c., to some per-
son ; a title.
IN-SRlPTlVE, a. Bearing an inscription.
IN-SROL', v. t. To write on a scroll.
IN-SRU-TA-BIL'I-TY, \n. The quality of being
IN-SRO'TA-BLE-NESS, j inscrutable.
IN-SRU'TA-BLE, a. Undiscoverable by human
reason ; 1111 searchable.
IN-SRCTA-ULY, ad. So as not to be found out.
IN-S0LP', v. t. To engrave ; to carve.
IN-SCULPT'ORE (-skulpt'yur), n. Sculpture ; an
engraving.
IN-SEAM', r. t. To impress or mark with a seam.
IN-St!'A-BLE, a. That can not be divided by a
cutting instrument.
IN'SE-GT, n. A small animal, as a fly, a wasp, &c. ;
any thing small or contemptible.
IN'SE-GT, a. Relating to insects; small; mean;
contemptible.
IN-ST'1LE, a. Having the nature of insects.
IN-SETION (-sSk'shun), n. Act of cutting in; a
cut.
IN-SE-TlV'O-ROUS, o. Feeding on insects.
IN-SE-eCRE', a. Not safe ; not confident of safety ;
exposed to danger or loss. SYN. Unsafe ; danger-
ous ; hazardous ; uncertain.
. -ul. Unsafely; with hazard.
1N-SE-0'RI-TY, n. Want of safety; danger;
uncertainty.
IN'-KKN'SATE, a. Senseless; stupid.
IN-SKN-SI-B1L'I-TY, ) n. Want of sensibility or
IN-SEN SI-BLE-NESSJ feeling; want of tender-
ness ; a dull or torpid state. SYN. Dullness ;
numbness ; uufeelingness ; stupidity ; torpor ;
apathy ; indifference.
IN-SEN'SI-BLE, a. Destitute of feeling ; wanting
in emotion ; in a state of dullness or torpor ; not
perceptible. SYN. Imperceptible ; irnperceivable ;
dull ; stupid ; torpid ; senseless ; unfeeling ;
indifferent; unsusceptible; hard; callous, &c.
N SI-BLY, ad. Imperceptibly.
IN-SEN'TIENT (-sCn'shent), o. Not having per-
ception.
IN-SEP'A-RA-BLE, a. That cannot be disjoined.
L' A-RA-BLE-NESS,) n. Quality or state oi
LN-SEP-A-RA-BIL'I-TY, f being inseparable.
Y-BLY, ad. With indissoluble union.
IN-SERT' (13), v.t. To set in; to thrust in.
LN-SERT'ING, n. A setting in; something set in,
as lace into garments.
IN-SER'TION (-ser'shun), n. Act of inserting or
placing in or among other things ; the manner in
wliich one part is inserted into another, as of a
muscle ; the thing inserted.
IN-SKT', v. t. To infix or implant.
: AD'ED, a. Marked with different shades. '
i IORE, ad. Near the coast.
IN-SHRINE'. See ENSHRINK.
IN-SI-eA'TION, 11. The act of drying in.
, DE, n. The inward part or place.
IN-S1D'I-OUS, a. Literally, lying in wait; hence,
watching to entrap; intended to insnare. SYN.
Treacherous ; designing ; wily ; crafty ; dishon-
est ; knavish; deceitful; sly; ensnaring.
IN-SID'I-OUS-LY, ad. Deceitfully; treacher-
ously.
IN-S1D I-OUS-NESS, n. A watching for an oppor-
tunity to iusnare ; deceitfulness ; treachery.
IN'SIGHT (m'slte), 71. Sight or view of the interior
of a thing ; inspection ; thorough knowledge.
IN-SIG'XI-A (-slg'ne-a;, n. pi. [L.] Marks; signs;
badges of distinction.
IN-SIG-NIF'I-eAIsCE, }. Want of signification ;
IN-SIG-N 1F'I-AN -CY, $ want of force or weight ;
worthlessness.
IN-SIU-N 1 1- 'I-ANT, a. Void of meaning ; answer-
ing no purpose ; without weight of character.
SYN. Unimportant ; immaterial ; worthless j
inconsiderable ; trivial ; mean ; contemptible.
IN-SIG-N1F'I-ANT-LY, ad. Without meaning.
as K ; u as J as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
IN-SIN-CERE', o. Not being in truth what ono
professes to be ; characterized by insincerity, aa
words, &c. ; not sound or secure, as joys. SYN.
Dissembling ; hollow ; deceptive ; disingenuous ;
hypocritical ; deceitful ; false.
IN-SIN-CERE'LY, ad. Hypocritically.
1N-SIN-CER'I-TY, n. Want of sincerity ; dissimu-
lation ; deceitfulness.
IN-SlN'U-ATE, v. t. To introduce gently ; to push
one's self into favour ; to hint ; to suggest by
remote allusion ; to instil; to introduce artfully.
IN-SlN'0-ATE, v. i. To creep in; to wind in; to
gain on the affections by gentle or artful means ;
to wind along.
IN-SIN-C-A'TION, n. A winding in ; act of gain-
ing favour by gentle or artful means ; the art or
power of stealing on the affections ; hint ; sug-
gestion. See INNUENDO.
IN-SlN'C-A-TlVE, a. Stealing on the affections.
IN-SlN'0-l-TOE, n. One who insinuates or hints.
IN-SIP'ID, a. Void of taste or spirit ; wanting
point. SYN. Tasteless; dull ; vapid ; heavy ; stu-
pid ; spiritless ; unanimated ; lifeless ; flat.
IN-SI-PlD'I-TY, ) n. Want of taste; want of life
IN-SJP'ID-NESS,) and spirit.
IN-SIP'ID-LY, ad. Without taste or spirit.
IN-SIP'I-ENCE, n. Want of wisdom : foUy.
IN-SlST', v. i. To stand; to persist in ; to urge.
IN-SlST'ENT, a. Standing or resting on.
IN-SI"TION (-sish'un), n. Insertion of a scion in a
stock ; ingral'tment.
IN SI'TU, [L.~\ In its original or natural situa-
tion.
IN-SNARE' (4), v. t. To entangle ; to inveigle ; to
catch by stratagem ; to involve in perplexities.
IN-SNAIi'ER, 71. One who entrap .
IN-SO-BRI'E-TY, n. Intemperance; drunkenness.
IN'SO-LATE, v. t. To dry or expose to the sun's
rays ; to ripen or prepare by exposure to the
sun.
IN'SO-LENCE, n. Haughtiness with contempt.
SYN. Insult. Insolence is a spirit engendered by
bloated pride or unbridled passion ; an insult is
a personal attack (lit., leaning or dancing upon);
indicating scorn and triumph.
IN'SO-LENT, a. Proud and haughty, with con-
tempt of others ; domineering in power; proceed-
ing from insolence. STN. Overbearing; insult-
ing; offensive ; audacious; impertinent.
IN'SO-LENT-LY, ad. With contemptuous pride ;
haughtily ; rudely ; saucily.
IN-SO-L1D'I-TY, n. Want of solidity ; wen:
IN-SOL-0-B1L'I-TY, n. The quality of resisting
solution.
IN-SOL'C-BLE (-sd'yu-bl), a. That cannot be dis-
solved in a fluid; not to be explained or solved.
IN-SOLV'A-BLE, a. That cannot be solved or ex-
plained, as a doubt.
IN-SOLVEN-CY, n. Inability to pay all debts.
IN-SOLVENT, a. Without a sufficiency for the
payment of debts; relating to a debtor or his
estate.
IN -SOLVENT, n. One unable to pay his <
IN-SOM'NI-OUS, a. Restless in sleep ; sleepless.
IN-SO-MCCH', ad. So that ; to such a degree.
IN-SPE-GT', v.t. To overlook; to look into; to
view ; to examine ; to superintend.
IN-SPE!'TION (-spek'shun), n. Insight; over-
sight ; view ; survey ; official examination, as
arms, &c.
IN-SPT'OR, n. An examiner, as of goods,
arms, &c. ; a siiperintendent ; one who oversees.
IN-SPET'OR-SHIP, ) n. The office of inspec-
IN-SPET'OR-ATE, j tor.
IN -SPHERE' (-sfere'), v. t. To place in a sphere.
IN-SPIK'A-BLE, a. That may be drawn into th
lungs, &c.
IN-SPI-RATION, n. Act of drawing in the breath ;
the act of breathing into any thing ; Divine infu-
tion into the mind; the infusion of a poetic
spirit, as the iiispirotion of Homer ; a highly ex-
citing influence.
INS
231
INS
i, fi, &c., long. A., t, &c., short. CAB.E, FAE, LAST, FALL, WHJ.T; THRE, THEM; MARINE, BIRD;
a. Elemental ; cc
ing the first principles
IN-SPI'RA-TO-RY, a. Pertaining to inspiration.
IN-SPIRE', I?, t. To draw air into the lung's.
I.N-SPlRE', T. i. To breathe into; to infuse; to
suggest supernaturally ; to infuse ideas or poetic
spirit.
IN-SPIR'ER, n. One who inspires or encourages.
IN-SPIR'IT, v. t. To infuse or excite spirit in; to iN'STI-Ttl-TOR, n. One who establishes.
IN-STI-TO'TION-AL,
IN-STI-TO'TION-A-RY,
and instructions.
IN'STI-TC-TIVE, a. That
establishes ; having
power to establish; established; depending on
institution.
give new life to. SYN. To enliven ; invigorate ;
exhilarate ; animate ; cheer ; encourage.
IN-SPJS'SATE, v. t. To thicken, as liquids.
IN-SPIS-SA'TION, n. The act of rendering a fluid
substance thicker by evaporation.
IN-STA- U11YI-TY, n. Want of firmness of purpose ;
mutability of opinion or conduct; liability to
change, as in att'airs. SYN. Inconstancy; fickle-
ness; changeableness ; wavering; unsteadiness.
IN-STA'BLE, a. Inconsistent; unsteady; change-
able.
IN-STAL' (in-stawl'), v. t. To put in possession of
an office, rank, or order ; to invest with an office.
IN-STAL-LA'TION, n. The giving possession of
an office with customary ceremonies.
IN-STAL'MENT, n. Act of installing [rare] ;
part of a sum of money paid or to be paid from
time to time.
IN'STANCE, n. Solicitation; occurence; example.
IN 'STANCE, v. i. To give or offer an example.
iN'STANCti, v. t. To mention as an example.
iN'STANT, n. A moment; point of duration; a
particular time; o. quick; present; immediate;
urgent. [speedy.
IN-STAN-TA'NE-OUS, a. Done in an instant ; very
IN-STAN-TA'NE-OUS-LY, ad. In an instant or
moment. See DIRECTLY.
IN-STAN-TA'NE-OUS-NESS, n. State or quality of
being immediate.
IN-STANTER. [L.] Instantly.
IN'&TANT-LY, ad. Immediately ; at the moment.
See DIRECILY.
IN-STAR', v. t. To set with stars.
IN-STATE', v. t. To place in a certain condition.
IN-STA'TU QUO. [L.] In the former state.
IN-STAU'RATE, v. t. ^^ ~.t f ri c
repair; to reform.
To restore from decay ; to
IN-bTAU-RA'TION, n. Restoration to a former
state; renewal ; re-establishment.
IN-STAU-RA'TOR, n. One who renews or restores
to a former condition.
IN-STEAD' (in-sted'), ad. Compound of in and stead,
in the place or room of.
IN-STEEP', v. t. To steep ; to soak ; to drink.
IN'STEP, n. The upper part of the foot.
iN'STI-GATE, v. t. To move by some incentive ; to
tempt to do evil. SYN. To incite ; stimulate; urge;
provoke ; impel ; encourage ; animate.
Itt-STl-GA'TlON, n. Incitement to a crime.
IN'6TI-QA-TOB, n. One who incites to evil,
IN-STIL', v. t. Literally, to infuse by drops; to en-
force gently by repetition ; to insinuate.
IN-STIL-LA'TION, n. Act of infusing by drops or
by small quantities.
IN'STIJB4T J n. A tendency to action operating
without the aid of instruction or experience.
1X-ST1NT' a. Moved from within ; actuated.
1N-ST1NT1VE, a. Prompted by instinct; spon-
taneous.
IN-STiNT'IVE-LY, ad. By force of instinct.
liS'STI-TOTE, v. t. Literally, to set; hence, to es-
tablish, as to institute regulations ; to enact, as to
institute laws ; to found, as to institute an order of
nobility; to commence, as to institute a suit; to
instruct.
1 .N 'STI-TUTE, n. Established law ; settled order ;
.in association for science or instruction.
IN-STI-TO'TION, n. The act of establishing;
that which is established, as the institutions of
Lycurgus ; system, plan, or society established by
law, or otherwise, for promoting an object, public
or social ; system of the elements or rules of any
art or science ; education.
IN-STRtreT', v. t. To imbue with knowledge; to-
f urnish with directions ; to train up ; to teach.
SYN. To direct or command. The word instruct
is used as a milder term for direct or command in
issuing orders to officers under the government.
IN-STRO-G'TION, n. Act of teaching precepts ;
precepts conveying knowledge ; authoritative
direction. SYN. Indoctrination ; information ;
education ; advice ; counsel ; command ; order.
IN-STRO-GT'IVE, a. Affording instruction.
IN-STROT'1VE-LY, ad. So as to convey know-
ledge.
IN-STRtT-GT'IVE-NESS, n. Quality of furnishing
instruction.
IN-STR0)T'OR, n. One who teaches; one who
imparts knowledge ; the preceptor of a school or
seminary of learning.
IN-STRO-eT'RESS, n. A female who teaches.
IN'STRU-MENT, n. That with which work is per-
formed ; any thing by which an effect is brought
about ; a machine for producing musical sounds ;
a legal writing or deed; one who acts for another.
SYN. Tool; implement; means.
IN-STRU-MENTAL, a. Conducive ; aiding ; pro-
duced by an instrument of music ; not vocal.
IN-SfRU-MEN-TAL'I-TY, n. Subordinate means ;
agency of any thing, as means to an end.
IN-STRU-MKNT'AL-LY, ad. By means or in the
nature of an instrument; with instruments of
IjTsTRU-MEN-TA'TION (31), n. Mode of per-
forming on musical instruments.
IN-SUB-JEG'TION, n. State of disobedience to
government.
IN-SUB-MIS'SION (-nuWun), n. Want of sub-
mission; disobedience.
IN-SUB-OR-DI-NA'TION, n. Want of subordina-
tion ; disorder from disobedience to authority.
IN-SCF'FER-A-BLE, a. Not to be borne ; that
cannot be permitted: disgusting beyond endu-
rance. SYN. Intolerable; insupportable; detest-
able ; contemptible.
IN -SOFTER- A ELY, ad. To a degree beyond en-
durance.
IN-SUF-Ll"CIEN-CY (-suf-fish'en-sy), n. Want of
sufficiency or of adequate power or strength.
SYN Deficiency; inadequateness ; inadequacy;
inability ; incapacity : incompetency.
IN-SUF-Fi"CIEVr (-fish'ent), a. Not sufficient;
not adequate to a given need, use, or purpose ;
wanting in strength, power, ability, or skill.
SYN. Inadequate; unequal; incompetent; unfit;
incapable.
IN-SUF-FLA'TION (-fla'shun), n. Act of breath-
ing or blowing in.
iN'sU-LAR, | a. Belonging to an isle; 6ur-
1 N'SU-LA-RY, S rounded by water.
I N -SU-LAR'I-TY, n. The state of being insular.
1N'SL"-LAR-LY, ad. In an insulated manner.
IN'SU-LATE, v. t. To place in a detached situa-
tion ; to set up a column not contiguous to a wall ;
to place electrified bodies, by means of non-con-
ductors, so as to prevent electricity from escap-
ing.
1N'SU-LA-TED, a. Standing by itself; placed on
non-conducting substances to prevent communi-
cation with the earth ; noting a column detached
from a wall and showing its whole BUZ
IN-SU-LA'TION, n. Act of insulating.
IN'SU-LA-TOR, 11. That which interrupts com-
munication of electricity ; nou-conduclor.
IN'SULT. n. Gross abuse by words or actions.
SYN. Affront ; outrage ; indignity ; insolence, which
see.
IN-SOLT 7 , v. f. To treat with abuse or insolence;
INS
235
INT
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; E^LE, BULL ; VICIOUS.
. i. to behave with insolent triumph ; to insult
o er, to triumph over with insolence and con-
tempt.
iN-SfJLTER, n. One who insults another.
TN-Sttt/TING, a. Expressing insolence or con- ;
tempt.
IN-S0LTING-LY, ad. With insolent contempt.
IN-SO-PER-A-BlL'I-TY, i n. The quality or state \
IN-SC'PER- ABLE-NESS, j of being insuperable
or insurmountable.
IN-SC'PER-A-BLE, a. That can not be surmounted ;
that can not be passed over. SYN. Insurmount-
able ; unconquerable ; invincible.
IN-SU'PER-A-BLY, ad. In a manner or degree not
to be surmounted.
IN-SUP-PORT' A- HLE, a. That can not be endured ;
insufferable ; intolerable.
IN-SUP-PORT'A-BLE-NESS, n. The state of being
beyond endurance ; insufferableness.
IN-SUP-PORTA-BLY, ad. In a manner beyond
endurance.
IN-SUP-PRESS'I-BLE, o. Not to be suppressed.
IN-SUP-PRfiS'SLVE, a. Not tending to suppress.
IN-St)R'A-BLE (-shur'a-bl), a. That may be in-
sured; proper to be insured.
IN-SUR'ANCE (-shur'ance), n. The act of assur-
ing or insuring against loss or damage ; a con-
tract for a premium paid, to make up losses or
damage; to underwrite. An insurance company j
is one that pursues the business of insuring
against loss, particularly by fire or peril of the :
sea.
IN-SURE' (in-shure'), v. t. To make sure against
loss or damage ; to contract or covenant to se-
cure a person against loss.
IN-SURE', v. i. To underwrite; to practise making
insurance.
IN-SOR'ER, n. One who insures ; an underwriter. '
IN-SOR'GENT, a. Exciting to sedition or revolt ;
n. one who rises against civil or political authority.
IN-SUR-MOUNT-A-BiL'I-TY, n. The quality of
being insurmountable.
IN-SUR-MOUNTA-BLE, a. Not to be overcome ;
not to be surmounted or passed by ascending.
IN-SUR-MOUNTA-BLY, ad. So as not to be sur-
mountable or overcome.
IN-SUR-RfiTION, n. A rising against civil or ,
political authority ; open opposition of numbers '
to lawful authority. SY.V. Sedition ; revolt ; re- i
bellion. Sedition is the raising of commotion in '
a state without aiming at open violence against
the laws (Bouvier) ; insurrection is a rising up of
individuals to prevent the execution of a particular
law, by force of arms ; revolt is a casting off the !
authority of a government with a view to put it
down by force; rebellion- is an extended insurrcc- i
tion and revolt. [tion. !
IN-SUR-RE'TION-AL, a. Consisting of iusurrec- i
lN r -SUR-IiETlON-A-RY, a. Pertaining to insur-
rection.
IN-SUS-CEP-TI-BlLI-TY, n. Want of capacity to
feel, or of being affected or impressed ; not sus-
ceptible of improvement.
IN-SUS-CEP'TI-BLE, a. Not capable of feeling or
of being affected.
IN-TAT, a. Untouched.
IN'-TAGT'A-BLE, a. Not perceptible to the touch.
IN-TAGL'IA-TED (in-tal'ya-ted), a . Engraved or
stamped on.
IN-TAGL'IO (in-t-il'yo), n. Literally, a cutting or
engraving ; hence, any thing engraved, or a pre-
cious stone with a head or inscription cut into it.
An intaglio is the opposite of a cameo.
IN-TAN-GI-! >n. Quality of being in-
IN'GI-BLE-NESS, j tangible
s 'GI-15LE, a. Not perceptible to the touch.
IN-TAST'A-BLE, a. That can not be :
IN'TE-GER O'n'te-jer), n. The whole of a thing;
particularly in arithmetic, a whole number
tradistinction to a fraction.
INTE-GRAL, a. Whole; entire; not fractional;
iart of the whole ; uninjured.
asK; dasj; sasz; Cnassa; ?U18.
1NTE-GRAL, n. An entire thing.
IN'TE-GR A N T, a. Necessary to constitute a thing j
making part of a whole.
INTE-GRA I E, v. t. To make entire ; to restore.
IN-TE-GRATION, n. Act of making entire.
IN-TEG'RI-TY, n. Literally, wholeness ; hence, the
unimpaired state of any thing ; unbroken state ;
unadulterated condition; purity; moral sound-
ness. SYN. Entireness; completeness; honesty;
probity ; uprightness ; rectitude.
IN-TEG-0-MA'TION, n. That part of .
which treats of the coverings of the
parts of animals or plants.
IN-TEG'C-MENT, n. That which naturally in-
vests or covers another thing, but appropriately,
in anatomy, that which invests the body, as the
skin, or a membrane that invests a particular
part ; a shell : cover.
IN-TEG'U-MENT-A-RY, o. Eclating to, or com-
posed of integuments.
INTEL-LET, n. The faculty of the human soul
which receives or comprehends the ideas commu-
nicated to it ; the faculty of thinking ; the under-
standing, [ideas.
IN-TEL-LE'TION, n. Simple apprehension of
IN-TEL-LET1VE, a. Able to understand.
IN-TEL-LET'0-AL (in-tel-lekt'yu-al), a. Relat-
ing to the intellect, as intellectual powers or ope-
rations ; perceived by the intellect, as an intellec-
tual sense ; having the power of understanding,
as an intellectual being ; relating to the understand-
ing, as intellectual philosophy.
IN 7 -TEL-LET'a-AL-IST, n. * One who overrates
the understanding.
iN-TEL-LfierC-AL-LY, ad. By means of the un-
derstanding.
IN-TL'LI-GENCE, n. Intellectual capacity,
skill, or knowledge ; information communicated,
as news ; terms of intercourse. STN. Understand-
ing ; information ; instruction ; advice ; news.
IN-TEL'LI-GENCE OFFICE, n. A place where
information may be obtained, especially respect-
ing servants and employers.
IN-TEL'LI-GEN-CER, n. One who sends or con-
veys intelligence ; a public paper ; a newspaper.
IN-TEL'LI-GENT, a. "Endowed with the faculty of
understanding or reason ; knowing ; well-inform-
ed ; skilled.
IN-TEL-LI-GEN'TIAL (-tel-le-jen'shal), a. Intel-
lectual ; consisting of mind.
IN-TKL'LI- i. With intelligence.
IN-TEL-LI-GI-BIL'I-TY, ) n. The quality or
IN-TKL'LI-GI-BLE-NESSJ state of being intel-
ligible.
L'LI-GI-BLE, a. That may be understood
or comprehended. SYN. Comprehensible ; per-
spicuous ; plain ; clear.
IN-TEL'LI-GI-BLY, ad. So as to be understood ;
clearly ; plainly.
IN-TKM'PER-ANCE, n. Primarily, want of mod-
eration or due restraint ; excess in any kind of
action or indulgence ; hence, habitual indulgence
in eating or drinking ; particularly, the habitual
use of intoxicating liquors.
IN-TEM'PER-ATE, a. Excessive; addicted to ex-
cess or to the undue use of spirituous liquors ;
passionate ; ungovernable ; exceeding the mean
deirree, as climate, weather, &c.
IN-TEM'PER-ATE-LY, ad. To an immoderate de-
gree ; with excess.
IN-TEN'A-BLE. i. That can not be maintained or
held.
IN-TE N D', v. t. Literally, to stretch forward ; hence,
to mean ; to purpose ; that is, to stretch or set
forward in mind.
IN-TEND'AN-CY, n. The office of intendant 01
the district committed to his charge.
MJ' A NT, n. Over : of a city.
IN-TEND'MENT, n. The true intention or design,
as of a leizal instrument.
IN-TKN-ER-A'TION,n. The act of making, orstate
of being made, soft or tender.
INT
236
INT
1, S, &c., long. I, K, <fcc., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
IN-TENSE', o. Strained close; raised to a high
degree ; very severe ; kept on the stretch. SYN.
Stretched; strained; violent; vehement; ardent.
IN-TENSE'LY, ad. To a high degree ; attentively.
IN-TfiNSE'NESS, ") n. The state of being strained ;
IN-TEN'SI-TY, J state of being raised or con-
centrated to a high degree ; extreme closeness ;
extreme degree. SYN. Tightness ; closeness ;
strictness ; violence ; vehemence ; excess.
IN-TKN'SI-FY, v. t. To make more intense.
IN-TEN'SION (-ten'shun), n. A stretching; increase
of power.
IN-TEN'SlVE.a. Admitting of extension; strained;
intent ; giving force ; fixed closely ; sedulously
applied ; eager in pursuit ; anxiously diligent.
IN-TEN'SlVE-LY, ad. So as to increase force.
IN-TENT', a. Using close application; diligent;
n. design ; purpose ; aim ; meaning.
IN-TEN'TION, n. Determination to act in a par-
ticular manner ; the object to be accomplished ;
the state of being strained ; healing of a wound
without suppuration. SYN. Design ; purpose ;
view; intent; aim; meaning; drift; end.
IN-TEN'TION- AL, a. Designed; designed with
purpose. [posely.
IN-TEN'TION- AL-LT, ad. With design; pur-
IN-TENT'IVE, a. Diligently applied ; close.
IN-TENT'LY, ad. With close application, eager-
ness, or earnestness. SYN. Fixedly; steadfastly;
earnestly ; attentively ; diligently ; eagerly.
IN-TENT'NESS, n. The state of being intent;
close application or constant employment of
mind.
IN'TEE, a prefix, signifies 01110713 or 'between, and is
often used in composition.
IN-TEE', v. t. To bury ; to deposit in and cover
with earth ; to cover with earth. See BURY.
IN-TER-A!'TION, n. Intermediate action.
IN-TER-AM'NI-AN, a. Situated between rivers.
IN-TER-AX'AL, a. Situated in the inter-axis.
IN-TER-AX'IL-LA-RY, a. Situated between the
axils of leaves.
IN-TER'-GA-LAR, \a. Inserted; added; the
IN-TER'-GA-LA-RY, j 29th day of February, in
leap year, is called the intercalary day.
IN-TER'GA-LATE or 1N / TER-A-LATE, v. t. To
insert a day or other portion of time.
JN-TER--6 A-LA'TION, n. The insertion of a day or
days in a calendar.
IN-TER-CEDE', v. i. To interpose ; to make in-
tercession ; to plead in favour of one.
IN-TER-CED'ENT, a. Mediating ; interposing.
IN-TER-CED'ER, n. One who intercedes.
IN-TER-CEL'LU-LAR, a. Lying between the cells.
IN-TER-CEPT', v. t. To take or sei^e on by the
way, as to intercept a letter ; to obstruct or stop
the progress of, as to intercept the rays of light,
to intercept the course of proceedings; to cut off
communication with or progress toward ; to in-
clude between.
IN-TER-CEPT'ER, n. One who intercepts.
IN-TER-CEP'TION (-sCp'shun), n. Actofseizing-on
its passage ; interruption ; hinderance.
IN-TER-CS'SION (-sesh'un), n. The act of inter-
ceding ; interposition between parties at variance
to reconcile them ; mediation ; entreaty.
IN-TER-CES'SOR, n. One who intercedes ; a me-
diator.
IN-TER-CES'SO-RY, o. Containing or making in-
tercession.
IN-TER-CHANGE', t?. t. To change by giving and
receiving ; to succeed alternately.
IN'TER-CHANGE, n. Mutual change ; each giving
and receiving ; alternate succession.
IN-TER-CHANt'JE-A-BlL'I-TY, \n. The state of
IN-TER-CHANGE'A-BLE-NESS, j being inter-
changeable.
IN-TER-CHANGE'A-BLE, a. That may be piven
and taken mutuaUy ; following each other in al-
ternate succession, as the seasons.
IN-TER-CHANGE'A-BLY, ad. With mutual ex-
change ; alternately.
FAI.L WHAT; TH&RE, TJCBM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MuVL,
IN-TER-CIP'I-ENT, o. Intercepting; obstructing
1N-TER-LCDE', v.t. To stop or interrupt; to
intercept.
IN-TER-eLU'SION (-klu'zhun), n. A stopping;
interception.
IN-TER-O-LUM-NI-A'TION, n. In architecture,
the clear space between columns, measured at the
lower part of their shafts.
IN-TER-!OM'MON, v. i. To use a common with
others ; to graze cattle on the same pasture ; to
feed at the same table.
IN-TER-OM-MONE', . t. To commune together;
to associate; to hold converse in any manner
with a rebel.
IN-TER-OM-MC'NI-ATE, v. t. To communi-
cate mutually ; v. i. to hold mutual comnr
IN-TER-pM-MU-NI-eA'TION, n. J:. ciprouiil
communication .
IN-TER-OM-MUN'ION (-mun'yun), n. Mutual
communion.
IN-TER-GOM-MC'NI-TY, n. Mutual community.
IN-TER-OS'TAL, a. Being between the ribs.
iN'TER-eOURSE, n. Literally, a running between ;
mutual communication ; connection by reciprocal
dealings between persons or nations ; mutual
communications or dealings. Sv;*. Communica-
tion ; commerce ; communion ; fellowship ; fa-
miliarity ; acquaintance.
IN-TER-etR'RENCE, n. A passing between.
IN-TE R--6 R'RENT, a. Running between .
IN-TER-DtT', v. t. To place under a prohibition ;
to exclude from communion. SYN. To forbid j
prohibit ; inhibit ; proscribe ; excommunicate.
IN'TER-D1T, n. A prohibition ; a papal prohibi-
tion restraining the clergy from performing
divine service.
IN-TE El-Dl'TION, n. Act of prohibiting ; prohi-
bitien ; curse.
IN-TER-DlT'lVE, a. Having power to prohibit.
IN-TER DlT'0-RY, a. Serving to prohibit.
INTER-EST, r. t. To excite emotion or passion for
or against a person or thing ; to give or have a
share in ; to engage, as to interest one in our fa-
vour ; to concern ; to affect.
IN'TER-EST, n. Concern felt; share possessed;
influence exerted ; premium paid for use of money.
iNTER-EST-ED, a. Having an interest or con-
cern ; liable to be affected.
IN'TER-EST-ING, a. Engaging the attention or
curiosity; exciting emotion or passion. SYN.
Engaging; pleasing; affecting.
IN-TER-FA'CIAL (-fa'shal), a. Included between
two faces, as of a crystal.
IN-TER-FERE', v. i. Primarily, to come in colli-
sion or clash, as claims that interfere; hence, to
interpose, to enter into or intermeddle with the
affairs of others, as to interfere in a dispute; to
strike the shoe or hoof against the opposite leg,
as ahorse interferes. SYN. To interpose ; meddle;
intermeddle. See INTERPOSE.
IN-TER-FER'ENCE, n. Interposition; mediation;
clashing ; striking one foot against another, as a
horse.
IN-TER'FLU-ENT, a. Flowing between.
IN-TER-FOL'GENT, o. Shining between.
IN-TER-FOSED', o. Poured or spread between.
IN'TER-IM, n. [L.j The mean time ; time inter-
vening.
IN-TE'Rl-OR, a. Internal; being within; inland;
remote from limits, shore, <fcc.
IN-TE'RI-OR, n. The inward part ; inland country.
IN-TER-JA'CEN-CY, n. A lying between ; a being
between.
IN-TER-JA'CENT, o. Lying between; interven-
IN-TER-JECT", v. i. To throw between ; to insert.
IN-TER-JJBTION (-jek'shun), n. Act of throw-
ing between ; a word of exclamation expressive of
emotion, &c.
IN-TER-JE'TION-AL, o. Thrown in between
words.
IN-TER-KNlT, v. t. To knit together.
INT
237
INT
D6VE, WQLF, B9<?K ; R^LE, B1JXL J Vl"CIOUS.
IN -TEE-LACE', v. t. To intermix; to insert j to
put or insert one thing with another.
IN-TEE-LAED 7 , v. t. To insert or intermix:; to
diversify by mixture.
IN'TEE-LEAF, n. A leaf inserted between leaves.
IN-TEE- LEAVE', v. t. To insert leaves between ;
to insert a blank leaf or blank leaves in a book
between other leaves.
IN-TER-LINE', v. t. To write between lines.
IN-TEE-LI N'E-AE. > a. Written between lines
IN-TEB-LlN'E-A-EY,) previously written or
printed.
IN-TEE-LIN-E-A'TION, n. The act of writing, or
words, &c., written between lines.
IN-TEE-LIN'ING, n. Correction or alteration by
writing between the lines.
IN-TEE-LlNK', v. t. To connect by links united.
IN-TEE-LO-A'TION, n. A placing between.
IN-TEE-LOCK', v. i. To embrace, communicate
with, or flow into one another.
IN-TEE-LO-!0'TION, n. A conference ; a dia-
logue ; in laio, an intermediate act or decree be-
fore the final decision.
IN-TEE-LO'C-TOE, n. One who speaks in dia-
logue ; an interlocutory judgment.
IN-TEE-LO'C-TO-EY, o. Intermediate; not
final ; consisting of dialogue.
IN-TEE-LOPE', v. i. To intercept; to prevent
IN-TEE-LOP'ER, n. One who interferes wrong-
fully in business or trade ; an intruder.
IN-TEE-LU'CENT, a. Shining between or among.
iN'TEE-LUDE, n. Theatrical entertainment be-
tween the acts of a play, or the play and the after-
piece.
iN-TEB-Ltf'NAE, ) a. Belonging to the time
I \-TE E-LtJ'N A-EY, f when the moon is invisible.
IN-TEE-MAE'EIAGE (-mar'rij), n. Eeciprocal
marriage between two families, tribes, &c.
IN-TEB-MAB'EY, v. i. To marry reciprocally with
another family, tribe, or nation.
IN-TEE-MEDDLE, v. i. To meddle in the affairs
of others ; to intrude. SYN. Intermeddle ; inter-
pose, which see.
IN-TEB-MED'DLEE, n. An officious person.
IN-TER-MELVDLING, a. Officiously interposing.
IN-TER-ME'DI-AL, ">a. Lying between; inter-
I.V-TEE-ME'DI-ATE, j vening; intermediary.
IN-TEE-ME'DI-ATE-LY, ad. By way of interven-
tion.
IN-TEE-ME-DI-ATION, n. The act or process of
mediating between parties ; intervention ; com-
mon means.
IN-TEE-ME'DIUM, n. An intervening agent.
IN-TEE'MENT (13), n. The act of depositing a
dead body in the earth. SYN. Burial; burying;
sepulture; inhumation; funeral.
IN-TEEM'IN-A-BLE, a. Admitting of no end.
SYN. Boundless; endless; limitless; immeasur-
able ; infinite ; unbounded ; unlimited.
IN-TERM'IN-A-BLY, ad. Without limit.
IN-TEBM'IN-ATE, a. Having no bounds or ends.
IN-TEE-MING'GLE (-mmg'gl), v. t. To mingle to-
gether ; v. i. to be mixed or incorporated.
IN-TEE-M!S'3ION (-inteh'un), n. Cessation for a
time ; temporary cessation of a fever ; interval
between paroxysms ; intervenient time. STN. In-
terruption ; interval ; pause ; stop ; rest.
IN-TEE-MlS'SlVE, a. Coming at times ; not con-
tinual.
IN-TEK-MlT', v. t. To cause to cease or suspend
for a time ; v. i. to cease for a time ; to go off at
intervals, as a fever.
I.N-TER-M1TTENT, a. Ceasing at times; causing
to cease ; n. a disease that intermits.
IN-TEB-MIXT'OEE (-mikst'yur), n. A mixture of
ingredients ; something additional mingled in a
mass.
IN-TEE-MONTANE, a. Between mountains.
IN-TEE-MttN'DANE, a. Being between worlds.
IN-TEB-MO'EAL, o. Lying between walls.
IN-TfiE'NAIi (13), o. Being within any limit or
, as K ; 6 as j ; t as z j CH a^ SH ; THIS,
surface; not foreign, as internal trade. SYN. Do-
mestic; inward; interior; mental.
IN-TEE'NAL-LY, ad. Inwardly ; intellectually.
IN-TEE-NA'TION-AL (-n&sh'un-), a. Existing be-
tween nations and regulating their intercourse.
IN-TEE-NE'CINE, a. Seeking mutual destruction.
IN-TEE-NE'ClVE, a. Tending to kill.
IN'TER NOS [L.~] Between ourselves.
IN-TEE-NCN r CIO (-mln'sheo), n. An envoy of the
Pope to courts of inferior rank ; a messenger be-
tween parties. [ties.
IN-TEE-N0N'CITJS, n. A messenger between par-
IN-TEE-PEL-LA'TION, n. A summons; interrup-
tion ; earnest address ; intercession.
IN-TEE-PfiN'E-TEATE, v. t. To penetrate between
other substances.
IN-TEE-PLE AD', v. i. To discuss a previous point.
IN-TER-PLEALVEB, n. A bill of interpleader is
one brought into Chancery by a person who owes
one of two parties, and desires a decision which
of them he is to pay.
IN-TEE-PLEDGE' (in-ter-i.l?j') f v. t. To pledge
mutually.
IN-TER'PO-LATE or iN'TEE-PO-LATE, v. t. To
insert or foist in, as words.
IN-TEE-PO-LA'TION, n. The act of inserting
spurious words in a writing ; that which is foist-
ed inj the finding of intermediate terms in a
series.
IN'TEE-PO-LA-TQE or IN-TEE'PO-LA-TOB, n.
One who foists into a book or manuscript spu-
rious words or passages.
IN-TEE-POS'AL, n. Act of interposing ; interpos-
ing ; a coming between.
IN-TEB-POSE', v. t. Tp place between; to offer,
as aid or services ; to trust in.
IN-TEE-POSE', v. i. To step in between parties at
variance. SYN. To intermeddle; interfere. A
man may often interpose with propriety in the con-
cerns of others ; he can never -intermeddle withoxit
being impertinent or officious ; nor can he interfere
without being liable to the same charge, unless
he has rights which are interfered with.
IN-TEE-l'OS'EB, n. One who steps in between ; a
mediator.
IN-TEE-PO-SI'TION (-zYsh'un), n. A coming or
placing between ; mediation ; agency between
parties ; any thing interposed.
IN-TfiE'PEET (13), v. t. To explain the meaning
of words, &c., to one who does not understand
them; to unfold the meaning of predictions,
dreams, riddles, &c. ; to deciper, as hieroglyph-
ics; expound; define.
IN-TEE PBET-A-BLE, a. Capable of interpret-
ation.
IN-TEE-PEET-A'TION, n. The act of interpret-
ing ; the act of explaining what is not obvious ;
sense or meaning; power of explaining. SYN. Ex-
planation ; exposition; elucidation; translation.
IN-TEB'PEET-A-TiVE, a. Containing explanation j
known by interpretation.
IN-TEE'PEET-Ell, n. One who expounds or ex-
plains ; a translator ; an expositor.
IN-TER-PON-C'TION, n. The making of points be-
tween sentences, &c.
IN-TER-REG'NUM, n. [L.] The time a throne is
vacant between the death of a king and his suc-
cessor.
IN'TER-EEX, n. [L.] A regent; a man who go-
verns during an interregnum.
I N-TfiR'EO-G ATE, v. t. To examine by question.
1 X-TKR'EO-GATE, v. i. To ask questions.
IN-TEB-EO-GA'TION, n. Examination by ques-
tions; a question ; the note (?).
IN-TEE-EOG'A-TIVE, n. A word used in asking
questions ; a. denoting a question ; expressed in
the form of a question.
IN-TEE-EOG'A-TlVE-LY, ad. By way of question;
in the form of a question.
IN-TEE'EO-GA-TOE, n. One who asks questions.
IN-TEE-EOG'A-TO-BY, n. A question; inquiry
o. expressing a question.
INT
2S3
INT
1, B, &c., lotig. I, S, &c., s/iort CARE, FAR, LAST,
IN T-BE-KO'EEM [L.] For a terror or warning.
IN-TER-RtJPT', v. t. To stop by interfering; to
divide ; to break continuity or a continued series.
IN-TER-R0PT'ED-LY, ad. With interruptions.
IN-TER-RtPTION (-rup'shun), n. The act of
breaking in upon ; breach of anything extended ;
interposition, as to time. SYN. Stoppage; hin-
derauce ; obstruction ; intermission ; interven-
tion.
IN-TER-RUPTIVE, a. Tending to interrupt.
IN-TER-SAP'C-LAR, a. Situated between the
shoulder-blades .
IN-TER-SRlBE', v. t. To write between.
IN-TER-SE'!ANT, a. Dividing into two parts.
IN-TER-SET', v. t. To divide; to cross mutu-
ally ; v. i. to meet and cross each other.
IN-TER-SE!TION (sek'shun), n. Act of crossing ;
point where two lines cut each other.
IN-TER-SERT', r. t. To set or put between other
things.
IN-TER-SERTION, n. An insertion or a thing in-
serted.
INTER-SPACE, n. A space between other things.
IN-TER-SPERSE' (13), v. t. To scatter or set
among, or here and there.
IN-TER-SPER'SION, n. Act of scattering or set-
ting among.
:ICE,
space between things ; time between one act and
another.
IN-TER-STI'TIAL (-stlsh'al), o. Pertaining to in-
terstices.
IN-TER-STRAT'I-FI#D, a. Stratified among or
betwen other bodies.
IN-TER-TEXT'ORE (-tekst'yur), n. Act of inter-
weaving ; state of things interwoven.
IN-TER-TROP'I!-AL, a. Situated between the
tropics.
IN-TER-TWINE',) v. t. To unite by twining one
IN-TER-TWlST, j with another.
1NTER-VAL, 71. A space between things, as to
time, place, &c. ; time between paroxysms of dis-
ease ; distance or difference between two sounds
in music ; a tract of low plain ground between
hills or lying along the banks of rivers.
IN-TER-VENE', v. i. To come or be between per-
sons and things ; to come between points of time
or events ; to happen in the way ; to disturb,
cross, or interrupt ; to interpose for another.
IN-TER-VEN'IENT (-ven'yent), a. Coming or be-
ing between ; interposed ; intercedent.
IN-TER-VENTION, n. Interposition ; a state of
coming or being between ; agency of persons be-
tween persons ; interposition in favour of another.
IN-TER-VER'TE-BRAL, a. Being between the
vertebrae.
INTER-VIEW, n. A mutual view ; a meeting ;
conference ; usually, a formal meeting.
IN-TER-VOLVE', v. t. To involve one with an-
other.
IN-TER- WEAVE', v. t. To weave one in another.
IN-TER-WORK'ING, n. The act of working to-
gether.
IN-TER-WREATHM)', a. Woven into a wreath.
IN-TESTA-BLE, a. Not qualified to make a will.
IN-TfiSTA-CY, n. A state of dying without a will.
IN-TESTATE, a. Dying without a will; not be-
queathed by will.
IN-TESTATE, n. One who dies without leaving a
will.
IN-TESTI-NAL, a. Pertaining to the bowels.
IN-TESTlNE, a. Internal; inward; domestic;
not foreign. Usually in a bad sense.
IN-TEST1NES (-tSs'tinz), n. pi. The bowels; en-
trails, distinguished into small and largo.
IN-THRAL', v. t. To enslave ; to reduce to bond-
age.
IN-THRALTSfENT, n. Slavery; bondage; servi-
tude.
IN-THRONE'. See EKTHBOKI.
FALI^WH;!; TH&RE, TfeRM; MARINE, BiBD ; MOVE,
INTI-MA-CY, n. Close familiarity ; friendship.
IN'TI-MATE, v. t. To hint; to suggest; to point
out ; to give slight notice of.
IN'TI-MATE, a. Inmost; internal; near; familiar;
close in friendship or acquaintance.
IN'TI-MATE, n. Familiar friend.
1NTI-MATE-LY, ad. Closely; familiarly.
IN-TI-MATION, n. A hint; a suggestion; dec-
laration or remark communicating imperfect in-
formation.
IN-TIM'I-DATE, v. t. To make fearful ; to in-
spire with fear. SYN. To dishearten ; dispirit ;
abash; deter.
IN-TIM-I-DA'TION, n. Act of intimidating ; state
of being abashed.
INTO, prep. Noting entrance or penetration be-
yond the outside or surface ; insertion, or the pass-
ing of a thing from one form or state into another.
IN-TOL'ER-A-BLE, a. That can not be borne or
suffered. SYN. Insupportable ; insufferable j un-
endurable ; abhorrent.
IN-TOL'ER-A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of not
being tolerable or sufferable.
IN-TOL'ER-A-BLY, ad. Beyond endurance.
IN-TOL'ER-ANCE, n. A not enduring or suffering
to exist without persecution ; want of toleration ;
want of capacity to endure.
IN-TOL'ER-ANT, a. Impatient; unable to bear;
refusing to tolerate others.
IN-TOL-ER-A'TION, n. Want of toleration.
I N-TOMB', v. t. To deposit in a tomb ; to bury.
INTO-NATE, v. i. To thunder ; to sound j to
sound the notes of the musical scale.
IN-TO-NATION, n. Manner of utterance or sound ;
modulation of voice ; in music, the sounding the
notes of the scale with the voice.
IN-TONE', v. t. or i. To read with a prolongation
of sound like chanting, or a deep protracted
sound.
IN-TORT', v. t. To twist; to wind.
IN TOTO [L.] In the whole ; entirely.
IN-TOX'I-ATE, t?. t. To make drunk ; to mak
delirious ; to elate the spirits ; to infatuate.
IN-TOX-I--6ATION, n. The act of making drunk ;
the state of being drunk ; an extreme elation of
spirits. SYN. Inebriety ; ebriety ; drunkenness ;
infatuation.
IN-TRAT-A-BlL'I-TY, > n. A state or quality
IN-TRAerA-BLE-NESS, j of being unmanage-
able. SYN. Indocility ; perverseness ; obstinacy ;
stubbornness; ungovernableness ; unruliness.
IN-TRA-GT'A-BLE, a. Not to be governed or man-
aged ; not to be taught. SYN. Stubborn; per-
verse; obstinate; cross; unmanageable; unruly;
headstrong ; violent ; ungovernable ; unteach-
able.
IN-TRAT'A-BLY, ad. With obstinacy and per-
verseness .
IN-TRA-MC'RAL, o. Within walls, as a city.
IN-TRAN'SI-TIVE, a. Not passing; expressing
action that does not pass to an object : an in-
transitive verb expresses an action or state limited
to the agent, as I sleep, I iralfc.
IN-TRAN'SI-TlVE-LY, ad. Without an object fol-
lowing.
IN TRAN'SI-TU. [!,.] In passing from place to
place.
IN -TRANS-MlS'SI-BLE, a. Not to be transmitted.
IN-TRANS-MU-TA-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality of
not being transmutable.
IN-TRANS-MOTA-BLE, a. That cannot be
changed into another substance.
INTRANT, a. Having the quality of entering;
penetrating.
IN-TRENCH', v. t. To fortify with a trench ; to
furrow ; to make hollow in ; to encroach.
IN-TRENCH'MENT, n. A ditch; fortification;
any defence or protection.
IN-TREP'ID, a. Not affected or influenced by
fear. SYN. Undaunted ; daring ; dauntless ;
courageous; valiant; heroic j fearless; bold;
brave; resolute.
INT
239
INV
D6VE, WOLF, B<?OK ; K&LE, BT7LL ; vI"ClOUS. -6 &8 K J 6 as J ; 9 &3 Z ; CH OS SH ; THIS.
IN-TRE-PlD'I-TY, ~)n. Undaunted boldness and
IN-TREP'ID-NESS, J bravery ; fearlessness.
IN-TREP'ID-LY, ad. Fearlessly; resolutely; with
out trembling or shrinking from danger.
lNTRI- A-C Y, ") n. The state of being much
IN'TRI-GATE-NESS, J entangled or involved;
perplexed state ; complication.
IN'TRI-GATE, a. Entangled or involved in a high
degree. SYN. Complex; complicated. A. thing
is complex when it is made up of parts ; it is com-
plicated when those parts are so many or so ar-
ranged as to make it, difficult to grasp them ; it is
intricate (lit., having many folds) when it has nu-
merous windings and confused involutions which
it is hard to follow out. Complexity puzzles ;
complicatio?i confounds; intricacy bewilders.
What is complex must be resolved into its parts ;
what is complicated must be drawn out and deve-
loped ; what is intricate must be unravelled.
LN'TRI-ATE-LY, ad. With entanglement or per-
IN-TRiGUE' (in-treegO, n. A plot or scheme of a
complicated nature for effecting some purpose by
secret artifices ; the plot of a play or a romance ;
stratagem ; amour. [an amour
IN-TR'(GUE', v. i. To carry on secret designs or
IN-TRIGU'ER (in-treeg'er), n. One who intrigues ;
one who forms secret plots.
IN-TRIG U'ING, a. Given to secret machinations.
IN-TRlN'Sl,' \a. Belonging to the essence
IN-TRlN'SI-AL, j of a thing; not apparent or
accidental. SYX. Internal; true; real; genu-
ine; inherent; essential
IN-TRlNSIC-AL-LY, ad. Internally; really; truly.
INTRO, a Latin preposition signifying within, so
used in composition.
IN-TRO-CES'SION (-sSsh'un), n. A sinking or de-
pression of parts inward.
IN-TRO-DUCE' v t. To lead or to bring in ; to
make known ; t< bring into notice ; to begin.
IN-TRO-DCC'ER, n. One who introduces another.
IN-TRO-DtJGTION, n. A bringing in; prefatory
discourse; ac of making persons known to each
other ; act of bringing something into notice or
use ; thp part of a book or discourse, <fcc., which
precedes the main work.
1N-TRO-DC'TO-RY, a. Serving to introduce.
IN-TRO'IT, n. In the Roman Catholic Church, a
chant when the priest enters within the rails of
the altar.
IN-TRO-MlS'SION (-mYsh'un), n. A sending in ,
an intermeddling with the effects of another.
IN-TRO-MIT 7 , v. t. To send in; to allow to enter.
IN-TR6-SPE'TION, n. View of the inside.
IN-TRO-SPE-6'TIVE, a. Inspecting within.
IN-TRO-SUS-CEPTION, n. The introduction of
one part of the intestinal canal into another.
IN-TRO-VER'SION (13) (-ver'shuu), n. Act of
turning inward.
IN-TRO-VERT', e. t. To turn inward.
IN-TRtJDE' (31), v. t. To thrust one's self in; to
come or go uninvited ; to force one's self without
right ; v. t. to thrust in without right or welcome ;
tc obtrude. SYN. To encroach; infringe; in-
trencl ; trespass ; trench on. See OBTRUDE.
IN-TRUD ER, n. One who intrudes where he has
no riirht or welcome.
IN-TRO'*ION (-tru'zhun), n. The act of thrusting
in or entering a place or state uninvited ; entrance
without right or invitation ; in geology, the pene-
trating of one rock into the cavities of others.
IN-TRC'SlVE, a. Entering without right or wel-
come ; apt to intrude ; in geology, an epithet of
rocks which have been forced, while in a melted
state, into the cavities or between the layers ot
other rocks.
IN-TRpST', v. t. To deliver or commit to another's
care in confidence of his fidelity.
IN-TU-I"TION (-Ish'un), n. Immediate perception
without tho intervention of other ideas or of
reasoning.
IN-TC'I-TIVE, a. Perceived immediately without
need of argument or testimony ; received or ob-
tained by simple intuition ; seeing clearly.
IN-TC'I-Tl VE-LY, ad. By immediate perception.
IN-TU-MESCE' (-tu-mess'j, v. i. To swell; to ex-
pand, as with heat.
IN-TU-MES'CENCE, n. Action of swelling; a
swelling with bubbles.
IN-TUR-GES'CE N CE, n. The action of swelling or
state of being swelled.
IN-TWINE', v. t. To twist or wreath together.
IN-TWlST', v. t. To twist or interweave.
IN-U-EN'DO. See INNUENDO, the true spelling,
since the word is derived from innuo.
lN'0-DlNE, n. A peculiar vegetable principle de-
rived from elecampane.
IN-fJM'BRATE, v. t. To shade ; to obscure.
IN-tJN'DATE, v. t. To spread over with fluid ; to
cover with water; to fill with an overflowing
abundance or superfluity. SYN. To overflow ;
deluge ; flood ; drown ; overwhelm.
IN-UN-DA'TION, n. An overflow of water ; aris-
ing or spreading of water over low grounds ; any
kind of overspreading, overflowing, or abund-
ance.
IN-UR-BANa-TY, n. Want of courteousness ;
rudeness ; incivility.
IN-URE' (in-yure'), v. t. To apply or expose in use
or practice till a habit is formed or inconvenience
is no longer felt ; we inure ourselves to cold or
heat, seamen become inured to hardships ; accus-
tom.
IN-URE', . i. To pass in use ; to have effect ; to
serve to the use or benefit of.
IN-URE'MENT, (-yure'nient), n. Hardening by
use; habit.
IN-tTRN', v. t. To put into an urn ; to entomb.
IN-tfS'TION (-ust'yun), n. Action of burning; a
marking by burning.
IN-U-TIL'I-TY, n. State of being useless.
IN-VADE', v. t. To enter in a hostile manner ; to
attack ; to encroach on ; to seize on, as a disease.
IN-VAD'ER, n. One who assaults or encroaches
on others.
IN-VAL'ID, a. Having no force. SYN. Null; void.
IN'VA-LID, n. One infirm or disabled by wounds
or sickness ; a soldier or seaman worn out in
service.
IN'VA-LID, y. t. To enrol on the list of invalids in
naval or military service.
IN-VAL'I-DATE, v. t To destroy the force of j to
overthrow ; to make void.
IN-VAL-I-DATION, n. The act of destroying.
IN-VA-LID'I-TY, \n. Weakness; want of legal
IN.VAL'ID-NESS, 5 force.
IN-VAL'U-A.BLE (-val'yu-a-bl), o. Very valuable;
inestimable.
IN-VA'RI-A-BLE, a. Constant in the same
that does not vary ; always uniform. SYN. Im-
mutable ; unchangeable ; unerring ; unalte:
unceasing.
IN-VA'RI-A-BLY, ad. Without alteration or
ch-inge; constantly; uniformly.
IN-VA'$ION (-ra'zhun), n. Hostile entrance into
the possessions of another, particularly of an army
into a country for conquest or plunder; an attack
on the rights of another; infringement orviolation.
SYN. Incursion ; irruption ; inroad. Invasion
is generic, denoting a forcible entrance into a
foreign country. Incursion (from incurro) signi-
fies a hasty and sudden invasion ; irruption (from
irrunipo) denotes a particularly violent invasion ;
inroad (fromi?i and road) includes the idea of in-
vasion with a design to occupy.
IN-VA'SIVE, a. Attacking another or his rights.
IN-VE!'TlVE, n. A railing speech or expression ;
a harsh accusation. SYN. Philippic; abuse; re-
proach; sarcasm.
IK-VE'TlVE-LY, ad. Abusively ; with railing.
IN-VEIGH' (in-va'), v. i. To exclaim with, reproach ;
to rail against.
INY
240
INY
I, B.&c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, T&RM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
IN-VEIGH'ER (-va'er), n. One who inveiglis or IN-VlG'OR-ATE, v. t. To give vigour to; to
utters bitter language against another. strengthen ; to animate : to give life and energy
IN-VEI'GLE (in-ve'gl), v. t. To seduce by flattery; to.
IN-VIG-OR-A'TION, n. Act of invigorating ; state
of being invigorated.
to entice.
IN-VEI'GLE-MENT (-ve'gl-ment), n. Seduction to
evil; enticement.
CN-VEI'GLER (-ve'gler), n. One who seduces ; a
deceiver.
IN- VENT', v. t. To devise something not bef9re
known ; to find out what is new ; to contrive
falsely ; to frame by imagination. SYN. To^con-
trive ; devise ; forge ; fabricate ; feign j discover,
which see.
[X-VKNTTUL, a. Full of invention.
IN-VENTTBLE, a. Capable of being found out.
IN-VEN'TION, n. Act of finding out or contriving
something new ; that which is invented ; fabricat-
ing what is untrue ; power of inventing. SYST.
Contrivance ; device ; fabrication ; excogitation.
IN-VENT'IVE, a. Ready at invention ; ingenious ;
ready at expedients.
IN-VENT'OR, n. One who finds out or contrives
something new.
IN'VEN-TO-RY, n. A list of articles or goods.
IN'VEN-TO-RY, v. t. To make a list of articles ;
to make an inventory of.
IN-VEN-TO'RI-AL, a. Belonging to or in the form
of an inventory.
IN-VENT'RESS, n. A female who invents.
IN-VER-MIN-ATION, n. An affection in which
worms infest the intestines.
IN-VERSE' (13), a. Inverted ; reciprocal.
IN-VERSE'LY, ad. In a contrary order.
IN-VER'SION (-ver'shun), n. Change of order or
place ; change so that the last becomes first ; in
grammar, a change of the natural order of words.
IN-VERT', v. t. To turn upside down ; to change
order or method ; to reverse.
IN-VERTE-BRAL, ) a. Destitute of a verte-
iN-VER'TE-BRATE, *> bral column ; having no
IN-VER'TE-BRA-TED,) spinal bone.
IN'-VElt'TE-BRATE, n. An animal having no ver-
tebral column or spinal bone.
IN -VERT'LD-LY, ad. In an inverted order.
IN- VEST', v. t. Literally, to put garments on ;
hence, to clothe with authority, as to invest with
office ;' to adorn, as to invest with honour ; to en-
close or besiege, as to invest a town ; to make a
purchase of property, as to invest money in bank-
stock, &c., with a view to profit.
IN-VES'TI-GA-BLE, o. That may be investigated
or discoverable by search.
IN-VES'TI-GATE, v. t. To search or inquire into
with care and accuracy. SYN. Examine; scruti-
nize ; search ; inquire into.
IN-VES-TI-GATION, n. The action or process of
searching minutely for truth, facts, or principles ;
a careful inquiry to find out what is unknown.
SYN. Examination ; search ; scrutiny ; research.
IN-VES-TI-GATIVE, a. Curious in researches.
IN-VES-TI-GA'TOR, n. One who diligently searches
into a subject.
IN-VfiS'TI-TORE, n. The act of giving posses-
sion.
IN-VEST'MENT, n. Clothes; investiture; the
placing of money in some fixed state, as stocks,
&c., with a view to profit or income; property
thus invested.
IN-VT'ER-A-CY, n. Deep-rooted firmness from
IN-TfET'ER-ATE, a. Old; deep rooted; firmly
fired; violent, &c., as hatred.
IN-VET'ER-ATE-LY, ad. With obstinacy; vio-
lently.
IN-VETER-ATE-NESS, n. Obstinacy confirmed
by time; inveteracy.
IN-VlrVI-OUS, a. Envious ; likely to incur ill-will
or hatred.
IN-VlD'I-OUS-LY, ad. Enviously ; malignantly ;
so as to incur hatred.
IN-VID'I-OUS-NESS, n. Quality of producing
envy.
n. The quality of being
merable
IN-VIN-CI-BlL'I-TY,
IN-VIN'CI-BLE-NESS, .) unconquerable.
IN-VlN'CI-BLE, a. That can not be conquered or
overcome. SYN. Unconquerable; insuperable;
insurmountable.
IN-VlN'CI-BLY, ad. Unconquerably ; insuperably.
IN-VI-O-LA-BIL'ITY, } a. The state or quality
IX-V1'O-LA-BLE-NESS,J of being inviolable. "
IN-VI'O-LA-BLE, a. That can not or ought not to
be broken, or profaned, or injured; not suscepti-
ble of a hurt or wound.
IN-VI'O-LA-BLY, ad. Without profanation ; with-
out breach or violation.
IN-VI'O-LATE, > a. Not broken ; uninjured ; en-
IN-VI'O-LA-TED, J tire ; unprofaned ; unpolluted.
IN-VIS-I-BlL'I-TY, ) n. The state of being invi-
IN-Vl$'I-BLE-NESS,f sible; imperceptibleness
to the sight.
IN-VlS'I-BLE, a. That cannot be seen ; not per-
ceptible to the sight.
IN-V1S'I-BLY, ad. So as not to be seen.
IN-VI-TA'TJON, n. Act of inviting ; request to
attend.
IN-VI'TA-TO-RY, a. Using or containing invitation;
n. a service in the Roman Catholic Church; a
morning psalm or anthem.
IN-VlTE', v. t. To request the company of; to al-
lure by pleasure or hope; to present inducements.
SYN. To solicit ; bid; summon; call ; attract.
IN-VlTE', v. i. To ask or call for any thing pleas-
ing.
IN-VlT'ING-LY, ad. In a manner to invite or al-
lure.
IN'VO-'GATE, v. i. To invoke; to implore.
IN-VO-GA'TION, n. The act of addressing in
prayer ; the form or act of calling for the assist-
ance or presence of any being, particularly of
some divinity ; a judicial call or order.
INTOICE, n. A list or bill of goods, with the value
or prices annexed.
IN'VOICE, v. t. To make a list of goods or property,
with the prices.
IN-VO-LU'-GRE, n. A sort of calyx enclosing um-
belliferous flowers.
IN-VOKE', v. t. To address in prayer; to call on
for aid and protection ; to call earnestly.
IN-VOL'UN-TA-RI-LY, ad. Against the will.
IN-VOL'UN-TA-RY, a. Being against the will ; un-
willing , independent of the will.
Dolled spiral inward.
IN-VO-LU'TION, n. Action of involving ; state of
being involved ; complication ; in mathematics,
the raising of a quantity to any power assigned.
IN-VOLVE', v. t. Literally, to inwrap or envelope,
as to invoke in darkness ; to draw in by necessary
consequence, as to involve in the same ruin, to
involve a contradiction ; to entangle ; to compli-
cate. SYN. Imply. Imply (lit., infold) is op-
posed to express or set forth ; thus an implied en-
gagement is one fairly to be understood from the
words used or the circumstances of the case,
though not set forth in form. Involve goes be-
yond the mere interpretation of things into their
necessary relations ; and hence, if one thing in-
volves (lit., inwraps) another, it so contains it that
the two must go together by an indissoluble con-
nection. War, for example, involves wide-spread
misery and death ; the premises of a syllogism
involve the conclusion, so that this kind of reason-
ing is a simple process of evolution.
IN-VOLV'ED-NESS, n. The state of being in-
volved ; involvement.
IN-VOLVE'MENT, n. Act of involving.
IN-VUL-NER-A-BIL'I-TY, n. State or quality ol
being not susceptible of wounds.
IN-V0I/NER-A-BLE, a. Not susceptible of wounds.
INW
241
IRE
Z)6VE, WQLF, B<?QK; RULE, Bt'LL ; Yl"CIOUS.
IX -WALL 7 , v. t. To enclose with a wall
IN'WARD, a. Being within; internal; interior;
ad. toward the inside ; within.
IN'WARD-LY, ad. In the inner part j in heart ;
secretly ; toward the centre.
IN'WARDS (m'wardz), n. pi. Intestines ; entrails ;
inner parts.
IN- WEAVE', i>. t. [pret. INWOVE; pp. INWOVE,
INWOVEN.] To intertwine or intermix by weav-
ing.
IN-WORK'ING (-wiirk'ing), n. Internal opera-
tion.
IN- WRAP' (-r&p'), v. t. To cover by wrapping, as
with a cloak ; to involve, as in difficulty, &c.
IN-WREATHE', v. t. To surround with a wreath.
IN- WROUGHT' (in-rauf), a. Worked in.
I'O-DID, n. A non-acid compound of iodine with
a metal or other substance.
I'O-DlNE, n. A substance found in certain sea-
weeds or marine plants, which gives forth a violet-
coloured vapour, whence comes its name.
I'ON, n. One of the elements into which a body is
separated when electrolyzed.
l-ON'LG, a. A term applied to an order in architec-
ture ; to a dialect in the Greek language ; to a
sect of philosophers.
I-O'TA, n. The Greek name of the letter i ; a small
quantity; a tittle.
IP-E-A-0-AN'HA, n. A bitter root, found in
South America, used as an emetic.
IR, a prefix used instead of in, which see.
I-RAS-CI-BlL'I-TY, \n. The quality of being
I-RAS'CI-BLE-NESS, j easily provoked to anger.
I-RAS'CI-BLE, a. Irritable ; easily provoked.
IRE, n. Anger ; wrath ; keen resentment.
IRE'FUL, a. Angry; wroth; furious with anger.
IR-I-DES'CENCE, n. Colours like those of the
rainbow.
IR-I-DES'CENT, a. Having colours like the rain^
bow.
I-RID'I-UM, n. An unmalleable metal of a whitish
colour, found in platinum.
I'RIS, n. ; pi. I'RIB-ES. [L.] The rainbow, or an ap-
pearance like it ; the circle round the pupil of the
eye ; the flower-de-lis, or flag-flower.
I'RISH, a. Pertaining to Ireland or its people.
I'RISH MOSS, n. Carrageen; a sea lichen, con-
vertible into size, and used as isinglass.
I'RISH-ISM, n. A peculiarity of speaking among
the Irish.
IRK, v. t. To weary ; to give uneasiness to.
iRK'SOME (17), a. Producing weariness or dis-
gust; tiresome. SYN. Tedious. A task is irk-
some from the kind or severity of the labour it in-
volves ; it is rendered tedious by the length of
time occupied in its performance.
IRK'SOME-LY, ad. In a wearisome manner.
iRK'SOME-NESS, n. The quality of tediousness ;
wearisomeness.
I'RON (I'urn), n. The hardest and most useful
metal; pi. fetters, manacles, &c. ; a. made of
iron; hard; firm; rude; harsh; binding fast.
I'RON (I'urn), v, t. To smooth with a hot iron ; to
shackle with irons ; to furnish or arm with iron.
1'RON-BOUND, a. Bound with ironj rugged;
rocky, as a coast.
I-RGN'I-!AL, a. Spoken in irony ; expressing cen-
sure in the language of praise.
I-RC)N'I-AL-LY, ad. By way of irony.
l'RON-MON<5-GER (I'urn-miing-ger), n. A dealer
in iron goods or hardware.
1'RON-MOULD (I'urn-), n. A spot on cloth made
by iron, or an ink stain.
I'RON-PY-Rl'TES, n. Common pyrites; yellow
sulphuret of iron.
I'BON-STONE, n. Carbonates of iron found in
nodules or thin layers.
1'RON-WQOD, TV. A name given to different kinds
of hard wood.
I'RON-WORK, n. A general name for parts of a
building, vessel, &c., formed of iron; anything
made of iron. 16
-e as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; mia.
1'RON-WORKS, n. pi. The place where pig-iron ia
wrought into bars, &c.
I'RON- Y (I'ron-y), TV. Literally, simulation ; a kind
of ridicule, in which we seemingly adopt or ap-
prove what we really reject or condemn ; sarcastic
praise.
m-llSl 1 AN-CY,} Beams of light; splendour.
IR-RA'DI-ATE, a. Adorned with brightness.
IR-RA'DI-ATE, v. t. To make splendid; to en-
lighten intellectually .SYN. To brighten; illume;
light up.
IR-RA-DI-A'TION, n. Emission of rays ; intellec-
tual light ; illumination.
IR-RA"TION-AL (-rash'un-al), a. Void of reason ;
not according to the dictates of reason. SY.
Reasonless ; unreasonable ; foolish ; absurd.
IR-RA-TION-AL'I-TY, n. Absurdity; want of
reason.
IR-RA'TION-AL-LY, ad. Without reason; ab-
surdly.
IR-RE-LAIM'A-BLE, a. That can not be re-
claimed, reformed, or tamed.
IR-RE-LA1M'A-BLY, ad. So as not to be re-
claimed ; irrecoverably.
IR-RE-ON-CIL'A-BLE, a, That cannot be recon-
ciled, appeased, or made to agree. STN. Incon-
sistent ; incompatible ; repugnant.
IR-KE!-ON-CIL'A-BLE-N ESS, n. Quality of being
irreconcilable ; incongruity.
IR-RE-ON-C1L'A-BLY, ad. In a manner that
precludes reconciliation.
IR-RE-GOV'ER-A-BLE (-kxiv'er-), a. That cannot
be recovered. SYN. Irreparable; irretrievable;
irremediable ; incurable.
IR-RE-6V'ER-A-BLY, ad. Beyond recovery.
[R-RE-DEEM'A-BLE, a. That cannot be re-
deemed.
IR-REF-RA-GA-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of being
irrefragable.
IR-REF'RA-GA-BLE, a. That cannot be refuted
or overthrown. SYN. Unanswerable; indisput-
able ; undeniable.
IR-REF'C-TA-BLE, a. That cannot be refuted.
IR-REF'0-TA-BLY, ad. So as to defy refutation.
1R-RG'0-LAR, a. Not according to rule, method,
law, or established principles ; not according to
nature or art ; not straight or uniform. SYN.
Unsystematic; eccentric; unsettled; change-
able; desultory; wild; intemperate.
IR-REG-U-LAR'I-TY, n. Deviation from rule or
method ; deviation from moral rectitude ; inor-
dinate desire; vice.
IR-REG'0-LAR-LY, ad. Without rule, method, or
order.
IR-REL'A-TlVE, a. Having no relation; uncon-
nected.
IR-REL'E-VAN-CY, . Inapplicability.
IR-REL'E-VANT, a. Not aiding; not applicable;
not serving to support.
IR-REL'E-VANT-LY, ad. Without being to the
urpose ; not applicably.
LIEV'A-BLE, a . Not admitting of relief.
purpo
IR-RE-
IR-RE-LI(VION (-re-lM'jun), n. Neglect of re-
ligion ; want of religion or contempt of it. SYN.
Ungodliness; worldliness; wickedness; impiety.
IR-RE-LlG'IOUS (-M'jus), a. Ungodly; wicked;
profane.
IR-RE-LIG'IOUS-LY, ad. Without religion.
IR-RE-M'DI-A-BLE, a. That can not be reme-
died, cured, or corrected. SYN. Incurable; irre-
trievable ; irreparable.
IR-RE-ME'DI-A-BLY, ad. Beyond remedy.
I11-RE-M1S'SI-BLE, a. Unpardonable; that can
not be forgiven.
IR-RE-MIS'SI-BLY, ad. So as not to admit of
pardon.
IR-RE-MOV'A-BLE, a. That can not be moved,
changed, or removed, as from office.
IR-REP-A-RA-BIL'I-TY, n. The state of being ir-
reparable.
IR-REP'A-RA-BLE, a. That can not be repaired,
IRR
242
I, fi, &c., long. I, ft, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
recovered, or regained. SVN. Irrecoverable; ir-
retrievable ; irremediable ; incurable.
IK-RKP'A-RA-BLY, ud. So as not to admit of re-
covery or repair.
I R- it E-PE AL' A-BLE, a. That can not be repealed
IR-RK-PLEV'I-A-BLE, ) a. That can not be re
IJLE.f plevied.
GP-RE-HEN'SI-BTiE, a. Not to be blamed.
IR-REP-RE-HEN SI-BLY, ad. So as not to incur
blame.
IR-RE-PRESS'I-BLE, o. That can not be repressed
IR-RE-PROACH'A-BLE, a. Th:>t rjin not be re-
proached; free from i
irreprovable ; innocent; spotless; pure; fault-
less ; upright.
IR-RE-PROACH'A-BLY, ad. So as not to deserve
reproach.
IR-RE-PROV'A-BLE (-proov'a-bl), a. That can
not be reproved.
IR-RE-PROV'A-BLY, ad. So as not to be liable to
reproof or blame.
IR-KEP-Tl'TIOUS (-ttsh'us), o. Encroaching;
privately introduced.
IR-RE-$JST'ANCE (-zl'st'ance), n. Forbearance of
resistance.
IR-RE-*lsT-I-BtL'I-TY, ) n. The quality of be-
IB-BE-SlSri-BLE-NESSj ing irresistible.
IR-RE-SIST'I-BLE, a. That can not be resisted
with success ; superior to opposition.
IR-RE-SlST'I-BLY, ad. So as not to be resistible.
IR-RES'O-LU-BLE, a. Incapable of being dis-
solved.
IR-RES'O-LU-BLE-NESS, n. Resistance of sepa-
ration of its parts by heat.
IR-RES'O-LUTE, a. Not firm in purpose ; not de-
cided; given to doubt. SYN. Wavering; vacil-
lating; undetermined; unsettled; unstable; un-
steady.
IR-RES'O-LtTTE-LY, ad. Without resolution.
IR-RKS'O-LOTE-NESS, } n. Want of firm determi-
IR-RES-O-LO'TION, J nation or purpose.
IR-RE-SOLV'A-BLE, a. That can not be resolved.
IR-RE-SPET'iVE, a. Not having regard to, with
o/; not regarding circumstances.
IR-RE-SPEi;T'lVE-LY, ad. Without regard to
circumstances.
IR-RES'PI-R A-BLE, a. Not fit for respiration.
IR-RE-SPON-SI-B1LT-TY, n. Want of responsi-
bility.
IR-RE-SPON'SI-BLE, a. Not answerable ; not li-
able to answer for consequences.
IR-RE-TRIEV'A-BLE (-treev'a-bl), a. Not to be
recovered or repaired. SYN. Irremediable; in-
curable ; irrecoverable ; irreparable.
IR-RE-TRIEV'A-BLY, ad. Irrecoverably; irre-
parably.
IR-REV'ER-ENCE, n. Want of reverence : want
of veneration ; want of a due regard to the charac-
ter and authority of the Supreme Being.
IK-REV'ER-ENT, a. Wanting in reverence ; pro-
ceeding from irreverence.
IR-REV'ER-ENT-LY, ad. With want of reverence.
IR-RE-VER'SI-BLE (13), a. That can not be re-
versed or recalled. SYN. Irrevocable ; irrepeal-
able; unchangeable.
IR-RE-VER'SI-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of be-
ing not reversible.
IR-RE-VER'SI-BLY, ad. So as to preclude rever-
sal.
TR-REV-O-A-BlL'I-TY, ") n. Quality or state of
IR-REV'O--eA-BLE-NESS,3 not beiujr revocable.
IR-REVO-A-BLE, a. That can not be iccalled.
IR-REVO-A-BLY. ad. So as not to admit of re-
peal ; beyond recall
IR'RI-GATE, v. t. To water or wet ; to moisten or
IR-RI-GA'TION, n. Act of watering or moistening.
IlMliG'C-OUS, a. Watery; wet; dewy.
[ON (-rizh'un), n. A laughing at another.
1R-III TA-BlL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being irri-
tated ; susceptibility of excitement, healthful or
morbid.
IT
WHAT; THfiRE, TfiRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
IR'RI-TA-BLE, a. Easily provoked ; susceptible of
r or irritation.
IB'RI.TANT, 7i, That which excites or irritates.
[R'RI-T To excite heat and redness in the
skin; to ex <:-ous contrac-
tion ; to rouse up ; to
ing; to fret ; to inflam
asperate. Whatever comes acros.s
irritates; whatever exci'
ever raises an^er to a high point exasperates.
II1-RI-TA'TION, n. Act of exciting; excitement;
ansrer; provocation; exasperation.
IK'Iil-TA-TlVE, \a. Serving to excite action;
IR'RI-TA-TO-RY, j serving to irritate.
Ilt-RUPTION, n. A bursting in ; sudden invasion.
IS (i'z), v. i. Third person singular of the verb sub-
stain i
PSA-GON, n. A figure with equal sides.
1 S'HC-RY (-ku-), n. A retention of urine.
ISH, a termination of English words. In adjec-
tives, it denotes diminution, as icJtiii.sfi ; in nouns,
it forms a possessive adjective, as in Su-edisJi; in
common nouns, it denotes a participation of the
qualities expressed by the noun, as foolish, from
fool.
PrfIN G -GLASS (I'xing-glass), n. A substance pre-
pared from the sounds or air-bladders of fish;
fish-glue ; popular name of mica.
IS'LAM, n. The religion of Mohammed ; the whole
body of its professors.
IS'LAM-ISM, n, Mohammedanism
IS-LAM-1T'I, a. Pertaining to Islam.
ISL'AND (Hand), n. Land wholly surrounded by
water ; an isle ; a mass of ice in water is an ice-
island.
ISL'AND-ER (Iland-er), n. An inhabitant of an
island.
TSLE (lie), n. Atract of land surrounded by water.
T S L'ET (i'let) , n. A little island.
I-S()('H'RO-.NAL, ) a. Of equal time ; uniform in
NOUS,; time.
IS'O-LATE, v. t. To place detached : to insulate.
IS-O-LATION, n. State of being isolated or
alone.
I-SO-MER16, o. Noting compounds made up of
the same elements iu the same proportions, and
yet having very different properties.
I-SO-MORPH'IS-M, 11. The quality of assuming the
same crystalline form, though of different ele-
ments with the came number of equivalents.
I-SO-MORPH'OUS, a. Composed of different ele-
ments having the same crystalline form.
1-SO-PE-R1M'E-TRY, n. The science of figures
having equal bound;iries.
I-SO'-GHEI'MAL (-ki'-), o. Having the same mean
winter temperature.
T SOS'CE-L.Ei (I-sose-lez), a. A term applied to a
i \vo legs only that are equal.
: HRM'AL (13), a. Having equal temperature.
t-SO-TON'I-e, a. Having equal tones.
IS'KA-EL-ITE, 71. A descendant of Israel ; a Jew.
r. Pertaining to Israel.
IS'SO-A-BLE (ish'shu-a-bl), a. That may be issued ;
in law, applied to a term in which issues are made
[S'SUE (Ysh'shu), n. Literally, a flowing forth, as
of water; a sending or delivering out, as of bank-
notes ; a small intentional idcer kept open ; that
which flows or comes out ; consequence ; off-
spring; final result. SYN. Flow; efflux; emis-
sion.
IS'SGE (Ysh'shu), v. i. To come or send out; to
proceed ; to come to an end ; to result, close, &c. ;
v. t. to put in circulation, as bank-notes.
IS'SU-ING, n. A flowing or passing out ; a sending
out, as bills or notes.
STH'MUS (Yst'mus), n. A neck or narrow slip of
land connecting Luver portions of land.
iT, a pronoun of the neuter gender, Jromptiines it
is called a personal pronoun, and sometimes u
deinou.- trative. That thing.
ITA
243
JAN
D6VE, WOLF, BQQK ; n^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS. as K ; G as J ; 8 &S Z : CH as 8H ; IHIS,
I-TAL'IAN (tt-tal'yan), a. Pertaining to Italy;
n. a native of Italy; the language used in Italy
the Italians.
:.'IAN-1ZE, v. t. To make Italian.
. I, a. Relating to Italy or to its letters.
i i . I-C1ZE, v. t. To write or print in Italics.
I-TAL'ICS, n. pi. Lett, as these, first
used in Italy, and now nsed to distinguish words
for emphasis, importance, antithesis, &c.
ITCH, n. A cutaneous disease ; sensation pro-
duced by it, &c. ; teasing desire.
ITCH, v. i. To have an uneasy sensation on the
skin which is relieved by rubbing; to long; to
u constant desire.
ITCH'ING, n. State of the skin when one desires
to scratch ; a teasing desire ; a. teasing ; irritat-
ing.
ITEM, n. An article ; a separate particular ; a
hint : ad. a word used when something is to be
le<L
ITEM, u. t. To make a note or memorandum of.
IT'ER-ATE, v. t. To repeat ; to utter a second
time.
IT-ER-ATION, n. Act of repeating.
IT'ER-A-TIVE, a. Repeating.
I-TlN'ER-ANT, n. One who travels from place to
place, particularly a preacher; one unsettled;
a. wandering ; not settled.
I-TIN'ER-A-RY, n. A book of travels and dis-
tances ; a. travelling ; passing from place to
?lace.
IN'ER-ATE, v. i. To travel; to journey; to
wander without a settled habitation.
IT-SELF', pron. of it and self. The neuter recipro-
cal pronoun, applied to things.
jTTRI-A, \n. A non-acid compound of ittrium
V"1 V TRI-A, 3 and o .
ITTRI-UM, n. A grayish black metal. Sec YT-
lttlUM.
I 'VIED (i'vid), a. Covered or overgrown with ivy.
l'VO-RY, n. The tusk of an elephant or walrus :
a hard, solid substance of a fine white colour.
l'VO-RY, a. Consisting of ivory ; made of ivory ;
white, hard, and smooth like ivory.
ITO-RY-BLACK, n. Charcoal in powder from
charred bones.
1'VO-RY-NOT, n. The nut of a species of palm,
hard and close-grained, resembling ivory in tex-
ture.
I'VY, n. A parasitic or climbing plant.
1'VY-MAN-TLjED, o. Covered with ivy.
J.
Jhas the compound sound of dzli, identical with
that of g soft, as in giant. In many words it
has taken the place of I. It formerly had the
sound of Y in many words, as in the German.
J AB'BER, v. i. To talk rapidly and indistinctly.
HER, n. Rapid talk; a chattering.
TAB'BER-ER, n. One who talks fast and indis-
tinctlv or unintell '
JAB'BER-ING, n. Confused talk or prating.
JA'CINTH, n. A species of pellucid gems.
JACK, n. A nickname of John; an instrument to
JACK'DAW, n. A bird of the crow kind, notea for
its thieving and garrulity.
JACK'ET, n. A short cout for males.
JACK'-FLAG, n. A flag hoisted at the s]
top-masthead.
JACK'-KETCH, *. The public executioner.
JACK'-KNIFE, n, A pocket clasp-knife largerthau
u pen-knife.
PLANE, n. A plane used for rough work.
JACK'-PUD-DING, n. A merry-andrew ; a buf-
foon.
JAC'O-BIN, n. A member of a political club; a
disorganizer ; a demagogue ; a pigeon with a high
tuft.
JA-O-BIVI,
rtaining to secret clubs
against government.
JA-C'O-BIX-Is-M, n. Unreasonable opposition o
government ; popular turbulence.
JA'0-B1TE, 7i. A partisan of James II. 01 Eng-
land.
JA'0-BIT-L?M, n. The principles o* the Jaco-
bites.
JA'OB'S-LADDER, n. A plant ; in a ship, a rope
with wooden steps for going aloft.
JA'O-NET, n. A light, soft muslin.
JA'QUARD-LOOM,
A loom invented by M.
Jacquard for weaving figured goods, carpets, &c.
JA'C-LATE, v. t. To dart ; to throw.
JA-e-C-LA'TlO X, 71. The act of darting.
J A'U-LA-TO-RY, a. Darting ; uttering suddenly ;
uttered in short sentences.
JAD.'), n. A poor, tired horse; a mean woman;
a green tough mineral ; a young woman in
irony.
JADE, . t. or i. To wear down by exertion. SYN.
To fatigue ; tire ; weary. Fatigue is generic ; tire
denotes fatigue which wastes the strength ; u-eary
implies that a person is icorn out by exertion; jade
refers to the weariness created by a long and
steady repetition of the same act or effort. A
little exertion will tire a child or a weak person ;
a severe or protracted task wearies equally the
body and the mind ; the most powerful horse
becomes jaded on a long journey by a continual
straining of the same muscles.
JAD'ISH, a. Unruly; vicious; wanton.
JAG, 7i. A small load ; a notch.
JAGG, . A notch ; denticulation.
JAGG, v. t. To notch ; to indent.
JAG'GED-NESS, 71. State of being notched or
rough j uneveimess.
JAG'GER, -)n. An instrument for
JAGGLNG-I-RON (i-urn), S making cakes.
JAG'GY. a. Notched; indented; rough.
JAG-U-AR', n. A large ferocious animal, often
called the American tiger.
JAR, n. [ifeb.] Jehovah.
JAIL, n. A place of confinement for debtors and
criminals.
JAIL'-BIRD, 7?. A prisoner; one who has been
_confined in jail.
JAIL'ER, n. One who keeps a jail or prison.
JAIL'-F-VEU, n. A dangerous fever generated
in jails, &c.
JAKES, n. A privy.
pull off boots ; an engine for various i>'. .1 AL'AP, n. The root of a plant used as a cathartic,
flag ; the male of certain animals ; a term applied JAL'OU-SIE, n. A screen or blind for windows in
to sailors. warm climates.
A little foppish, impertinent ; JAM, n. A pressure or squeeze ; a conserve of fruits
crushed.
JACK'A-DAN-DY, n.
fellow.
JACK'AL, n. An animal resembling a dog and a
for.
J ACK'A-LANTERN, n. An ignis fatuus ; a meteor
on lowlands.
JACK'A-LENT, n. Orijuially, a sort of puppet
thrown at in Lent ; hence, in ridicule, a boy.
JACK'A-NAPES, n. A monkey; an ape; a cox-
comb.
JACK'ASS, n. The male of the ass.
JACK' HOOTS, n. pi. Very large boots, reaching up
high to protect the legs.
JAM, v. t. To confine ; to wedge in.
JAMB (jam), n. The side-piece of a chimney or
door ; a pillar to support parts of a build;
JAN G/ GLE (jang'gl), v. i. To wrangle; to dispute
noisily; v. t. to cause to sound discordantly.
JANGGLE, n. Prate; babble; discordant sound ;
contention.
JAJNI-TOR, n. A door-keeper or porter.
JAN'I-ZA RY, n. A Turkish soldier of the guards.
JAN'SEN-ISM, n. The doctrine of Jansen in re-
gard to free will and grace.
JAN
244
JIN
i, , &c., long. I, fi, &c., short CARE, FAB, LAST,
JAN'SEN-IST, n. One who adheres to the doctrines
taught by Jansen. [manner.
JANT'I-LY or JAUNT"-, ad. In an airy, lively, brisk
JANT'I-NESS or JAUNT'-, n. The quality of airi-
ness ; briskness ; gayety.
JANT'Y or JAUNT'Y, a. Airy ; showy ; finical ; gay.
JAN'C-A-EY, n. The first month of the year.
JA-PAN', 7i. A varnish or varnished work.
JA-PAN', v. t. To varnish in a particular manner ;
to black or gloss, as shoes, &c.
JAP-A-NESE', o. Pertaining to Japan, its inhabit-
ants or language.
JA-PAN'NING, n. The art of covering paper, wood,
or metal with a thick coat of hard, brilliant var-
.nish ; the varnish itself.
JAR, v. t. To shake ; to cause to tremble ; v. i. to
.clash ; to strike harshly ; to interfere.
JAR, n. A shaking; clash; a vessel; clash or dis-
.cord of opinions.
JAE'GON, 7i. Confused talk ; gibberish ; amineral.
JAE-GON-ELLE', n. A rich variety of early pear.
JAE'BING, n. A shaking ; discord ; dispute.
JAS'MINE, n. A plant of several species, bearing
beautiful flowers ; called also jessamine.
JAS'PER, n. A precious stone of a red, yellow, or
more dull colour, taking a fine polish, and being a
variety of quartz.
JAUN'DICE, n. A disease in which the body be-
comes yellow, with loss of appetite.
JAUN'DICED (jan'dist), a. Affected with the
jaundice; prejudiced; seeing with discoloured
vision.
JAUNT ( jant), v. i. To ramble here and there.
JA'UNT, n. A short journey. SYN. Trip; tour;
excursion ; ramble.
JAVE'LIN ( jav'lin), n. A kind of spear.
JAW, n. The bone in which the teeth are fixed ;
the mouth ; in vulgar language, a scolding.
JAW, v. i. To scold ; to rail vulgarly ; v. t. to
abuse by scolding.
JAWBONE, 7t. The bone of the jaw.
JAY, n. A bird ; a finical fellow.
JEAL'OUS ( jel'us), a. Apprehensive of rivalship ;
fearing encroachments on one's rights or inter-
ests ; solicitous to defend the honour of. SYN.
Suspicious. Suspicious is the wider term. We
suspect a person when we distrust his honesty and
imagine he has some bad design. We are jealous
when we suspect him of aiming to deprive ns of
what is our own, and what we dearly prize. lago
began by awakening the susjncions of Othello, and
converted them at last into the deadliest jealousy.
JfiAL'OUS-LY, ad With jealousy or suspicion.
JEAL'OUS- Y ( jeTus-y), n. Suspicion; fear of los-
ing some good which another may obtain.
JEAN (jane), n. A cloth made of cotton, twilled.
JEEE, v. i. To utter severe sarcastic reflections ;
to make a mock of. SYN. To scoff; deride; flout;
sneer; gibe; mock.
JEEE, v. t. To treat with scoffs or derision.
JEEE, n. Scoff; mockery.
JEEE'ING-LY, ad. Scornfully ; contemptuously.
JE-HO'VAH, 7i. The Hebrew name of God.
JE-JUNE', a. Hungry ; dry ; barren ; empty.
JE-JUNE'NESS, n. Poverty ; barrenness ; particu-
larly, want of interesting matter.
JEL'LIED fjellid), a. Brought to the consistence
of jelly.
JEL'LY, n. Inspissated juice of fruit ; sizy sub-
stance ; something viscous or glutinous.
JfiN'NET, 7i. A small Spanish horse. See GENET.
JEN'NY, n. A machine for spinning.
JEOP'AED (jgp'ard), v. t. To put in danger or to
hazard. SYN. To risk ; peril ; endanger ; expose ;
hazard.
JEOP'AED-IZE (jgp'ard-), v i. To jeopard. [>1
useless u-ord.]
JEOP'AED-OUS (j^p'ard-), a. Exposed to danger;
hazardous.
JEOP'AED-Y (jf-p'ard-), n. Exposure to death;
danger, loss, or injury. SYN. Danger; peril;
hazard; risk.
FALL, WHAT; THfiEE, TEEM; MARINE, BIKD MOVE,
JER'BO-A, n. The leaping mouse.
JEE-EED', n. A short club or blunt javelin darted
by Turks in sport.
JEE-E-MI'AD, 7i. Lamentation; a tale of grief.
JEEK, v. t. To thrust, throw, or pull with sudden
motion.
JEEK, n. A sudden thrust or twitch ; a sudden
spring.
JEEKED'-BEEF(jerkt'-beef), n. (Properly cliarqui).
Beef cut into thin slices and dried in the sun.
JEEK'IN, 7i. A jacket or short coat ; a hawk.
JEE'SEY, n. Fine yarn ; the finest of wool.
JE-EU'SA-LEM AE'TI-CHOKE, n. Corrupted from
girasole, sunflower. A plant whose fruit is used for
food, with a flower like the sunflower.
JESS, n. Short straps of leather tied round the
legs of a hawk to fasten her to the wrist.
J|S'SA-MlNE, n. A very fragrant flower.
JEST, v. i. To create diversion ; to make sport.
SYN. To joke. One jests in order to make others
laugh; one jo/ces to please himself. A jest is
always at the expense of another, and is often
ill-natured ; a jofce is a sportive sally designed
to promote good humour without wounding the
feelings of its object.
JEST, 7i. Something ludicrous uttered to excite
laughter ; the object of laughter. SYN. Joke ;
fun ; burlesque ; raillery ; sport.
JEST'EB, 71. One who is given to jesting or sar-
casm; a buffoon.
JEST'ING, n. Talk to excite laughter ; mirth.
JESTING-LY, ad. In a.jocose manner.
JES'U-IT (j6z'u-it), n. One of the Society of Jesus,
so called, founded by Ignatius Loyola ; a society
remarkable for their cunning in propagating their
principles ; a crafty person.
JES-U-lT'I, ) a. Designing; cunning; de-
JES-U-lT'IC-ALJ ceitful.
JES-U-IT'KJ-AL-LY, ad. Craftily; cunningly.
JES'U-IT -ISM, 7i. Deceit; stratagem; arlitice.
JES'U-ITS'-BAEK, n. Peruvian bark ; the bark of
the Cinchona.
JET, 7i. A very black fossil substance susceptible
of a high polish ; a spout or spouting of water.
JET, v. i. To shoot forward ; to project ; to strut.
JLT'SAM, ) 71. In law, a throwing of goods over-
JET'SOM, j board in a storm.
JETD'EAU, (zha-do), n. [Pr.] A spout of water.
JET'TY, a. Made of jet ; like jet ; black.
JET'TY, n. A small pier ; a projection into a river
for raising the water.
JEW (ju), 7i. A Hebrew or Israelite.
JEWEL ( ju'el), 7i. A precious stone ; an orna-
ment worn in the ears ; an expression of fondness.
JEWEL, v. t. To dress or adorn with jewels.
JEWEL-LEE, n. A person who deals in jewels.
JEWEL-EY, 71. Jewels and trinkets in general.
JEWESS (ju'ess), n. A female of the Hebrew
race.
JEWISH, a. Pertaining to the Jews.
JEWEY .(ju'ry), n. Judea ; a settlement of Jews.
JEWS'HAEP, 71. A small musical instrument.
JfiZ'E-BEL, 71. An impudent, vicious woman.
JlB, n. The foremast sail of a ship.
JlB'BOOM, 7i. A continuation of the oowsprit,
similar to a topmast.
JIBE, v. i. To shift a boom-sail from one side of a
vessel to the other ; often written jib.
JlF'FY, 7i. A moment; an instant.
JlG, 7i. A dance by two persons.
JlG'GEE, n. A machine to hold on a cable a
^troublesome insect. See CHEGOE.
JILL, n. A young woman, in contempt.
JILT, 7i. A woman who trifles with her lover; a
coquette.
JlLT, v. t. To trifle with and deceive a lovor.
JlNG'GLE (jing'gl), v. t. To cause to sound with a
sharp noise, as a little bell or pieces of metal.
JlNG'GLE, v. t. To sound with a fine, sharp rattle ;
to clink.
JlNG'GLE, n. A sharp, clinking sound; a little
bell or rattle ; a correspondence of rhymes.
JIN 245
D6VK, WOLF, BQ9K; E^LE, BrLL ; Vl"dOUS.-
JIX r -'GLING, n. A sharp, rattling sound, as of little
bells.
JOB, n. A piece of work taken on the occasion ; an
arrangement for giving undue gains to some one
at the public expense.
JOB, v. i. or t. To do jobs ; to act as a jobber.
JOB'BER, n. One who does occasional work as
presented; one who supplies retailers with dry
goods, &c , at wholesale ; a dealer in stocks.
JOB'BING, 11.
JOV
Act of taking jobs ; business of a
ING-HOUSE, ") n. A firm or store which buys
jobber.
rOB'BING-HOUSE, "> n.
JOB'BING-STORE, ) at wholesale and sells by
retail.
JOCK'EY, n. ; pi. JOCK'EYS. One who rides or deals
in horses ; a cheat.
JOCK'EY, v. t. To trick ; to cheat ; to deceive.
JOCK'EY-I$M. n. The practice of jockeys.
JO--GOSE', a. Given to jokes and jesting ; contain-
ing a joke. STN. Jocular; facetious; merry;
pleasant ; waggish ; sportive.
JO-OSE'LY, ad. In jest ; with pleasantry.
JfretJ-LAR (jok'yu-lar), a. Marked by pleasantry
or jesting; not" serious. STN. Facetious; hu-
morous ; witty ; pleasant ; sportive ; jocose ;
merry; waggish.
JO-U-LAR'i-TY, n. Jesting ; merriment.
Ju'UND, a. Characterized by life or sportive
enjoyment. SYN. Blithe ; gleeful ; mirthful ;
sprightly; cheerful; merry; gay; lively; spor-
tive.
JO'UND-LY, act. With merriment ; gayly.
JO'UND-NESS, ~)n. Mirth; gayety; state of
JO-eUND'I-TY, 5 being merry.
JOG, v. t. To push or shake by way of exciting at-
tention.
JOG, v. i. To move by jogs, as on a slow trot ; to
travel slowly.
JOG, n. A slight shake or push; a hint to the
memory ; a slow motion.
JOG/GLE (jog'gl), v. t. To shake slightly; to give
a slight and sudden push ; v. i. to shake.
JOG'-TROT, n. A slow, regular pace.
JO-HAN'NE*. n. A Portuguese coin worth eight
dollars ; called also joe.
JOHN BULL, n. The well-known collective name
of the English nation.
jOHN-LXyRY, n. A fish of a golden yellow colour
and grotesque form.
JOHN'NY-AKE, n. A cake made of maize meal,
mixed with water and baked on the hearth.
JOIN, v. t. To bring one thing into contiguity
with another ; to bring into close connection ; to
unite in league, marriage, concord, or in any act ;
v. i. to adhere ; to grow to ; to be continuous ; to
unite with in marriage, society, partnership, &c.
SYN. To link ; connect ; combine ; couple ;
unite ; add ; associate.
JOIN'DER, n. A joining ; conjunction.
JOINER, n. An artizan who does the inner wood-
work of buildings.
JOIN'ER-Y, n. The art of uniting wood-work ; the
work of a joinor.
JOINT, n. Union of bones ; articulation ; one of
the limbs of an animal cut up by a butcher ; knot
of a plant; a hinge; an internode; place where
two timbers are united.
JOINT, v. t. To form into joints ; to form many
parts into one ; to smooth the edges of boards
with a jointer, so that they may fit close to each
other; to divide. [in concert.
JOINT, a. Shared by two or more ; united ; acting
JOINT'ER, n. A large plane; a joiner's utensil.
JOINT-HEIR (joint'air), n. An heir having a joint
interest with another person.
JOINT'LY, ad. Unitedly; in concert.
JOINT RESS, n. A woman who has a jointure.
JOINT-STOCK, n. Stock held in company.
J 1 NT'-STOOL, n. A stool made of parts inserted
into each other.
JOINT-TEN'AN-CY, n. Tenure of an estate by
unity of interest, title, time, and possession.
e as K ; 6 aa J as z ; CH as SH ; cms.
JOINT-TEN'ANT, n. One who holds by joint-ten-
ancy.
JOINTURE (joiut'yur), n. An estate settled on a
woman at marriage.
JOIN TORE, v. t. To settle a jointure on.
JO1 ST, n. A small piece of timber used in building.
JOIST, v. t. To fit in joists ; to lay joists.
JOKE, n. A jest ; sportive raillery ; something not
real ; in joke, in jest, not in earnest. [to roily.
JOKE, v. t. To cast jokes at ; to make merry with ;
JOKE, v. i. To jest; to sport; to be merry in words
or actions.
JOK'ER, n. One who jokes; a jester.
JOK'ING-LY, ad. In a joking way.
JOLE, n. The cheek ; head of a fish. CTieek-ly-jole,
i. e., with cheeks together, close, tete-a-tete.
JOL-LI-FI-A'TION, n. Noisy drinking and festi-
vity.
JOL'LI-LY, ad. With noisy mirth ; with disposi-
tion to noisy merriment.
JOL'LI-NESS, > n. Noisy mirth; festivity; gny-
JOL'LI-TY, 5 ety.
JOL'LY, a. Full of life and mirth; expressing
mirth or inspiring it ; exciting gayety ; plump,
like one in high health. SYN. Jovial; joyous;
mirthful; merry; gay; lively; pretty.
JOL'LY-BOAT (-bote), n. [A corruption of i/ou-l-
boat.] A small boat belonging to a ship.
JOLT, v. t. To shake with sudden jerks, as a car-
riage on rough ground.
JOLT, n. A shock or sudden shake ; v. t. to shake
one as by the motion of a carriage.
JOLTHEAD, n. A great head; dunce; blockhead.
JON'A-THAN, n. Collective name for the people
of the United States.
JON'QUIL (jSnlcwil), n. A plant; a species of
daffodil.
JO'SEPH, n. A riding habit for women.
JOS'TLE (jSs'sl), v. t. To run against and shake;
to push. [Written also justZe.]
JOS'TLIXG, 11. A running against ; a crowding.
JOT, v. t. To set down ; to make a memorandum of.
JOT, n. An iota; a point; a tittle; the least
quantity.
JOTTING, n. A memorandum.
JOUR'NAL (jur'ual), n. A newspaper published
daily ; an account of daily transactions ; one of a
merchant's account-books for daily entries of
sales.
JOURNAL-ISM (jur'nal-), n. The practice of
keeping a journal ; management of public journals.
JOl'RNAL-IST (jur'nal-), n. One who keeps a
journal : one who writes for a public journal.
JOTK'N AL-IZE, v. i. To enter in a journal.
JOUR'NEY (jur'ny), n. ; pi. Joftt'VBYl. Travel to
some distance by land. SYN. Tour; excursion;
pilgrimage. The word journey suggests the idea
of a somewhat prolonged travelling for a specific
object, leading a person to pass directly from one
point to another. In a tour we take a round-
about course from place to place, more common-
ly for pleasure, though sometimes on business.
An excursion (lit., running forth) is never on busi-
ness, but always for pleasure, health, &c. In a
pilgrimage we travel to a place hallowed by our
religious affections, or by some train of sacred
associations.
JOUR'NEY, v. i. To travel from place to place ; to
pass from home to a distance.
JOUR'NEY-MAN, n. A hired workman.
JOUR'NEY-WORK (jur'ny-wurk), n. Work by a
journeyman.
JOUST (just), n. A tilt or tournament.
JOVE, 7i. Jupiter, the supreme deity of the Ro-
mans.
JOTI-AL, a. Full of mirth and gladness ; fond of
good cheer ; expressive of mirth and hilarity.
SYN. Merry; joyous; jolly; airy; gay; festive;
gleeful.
JO'VI-AL-LY, ad. With merriment ; gayly.
JO'VI-AL-NESS, ") n. Gayety; noisy merriment;
JOVI-AL-TY, / festivity.
JOW
246
JTJR
I, t, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST, FALL, WHT; TH^RE, TBRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
JOWL. See JOLB.
JOWL'ER, n. A kind of hunting dog.
JOY, n. An emotion excited by the possession or
prospect of some good ; expression of high grati-
fication ; a prosperous, happy, or glorious state ;
the cause oi joy ; a term of fondness SYN. Glad-
ness ; exultation ; pleasure ; delight ; ecstacy ;
transport ; happiness ; bliss ; mirth ; festivity ;
hilarity.
JOY, v. i. To rejoice ; to be glad.
JOY, v. t. To give joy ; to make glad.
JOY'FUL, a. Affected by joy ; full of joy. SYN.
Glad- exulting; merry; lively; blithe; joyous;
blissful.
JOY'FUL-LY, ad. With joy; gladly.
JOY'FUL-NESS, n. Great joy or gladness.
JOY'LESS, a. Void of joy ; giving no joy.
JOY'LESS-LY, ad. Without joy.
JO Y'LESS-.N ESS, n. State of being joyless.
JOY'OUS, a. Full of joy and gladness; giving
joy. SYN. Gleeful; lively ; mirthful ; sportive ;
delightful; glad; merry; cheerful; happy.
JOY'OUS-LY, ad. With joy or gladness.
JOY'OUS-NESS, n. State of being joyous.
JO'BI-LANT, a. Uttering songs of triumph.
JU-BI-LA'TION, 7i. The act of declaring triumph.
Jt'BI-LEE, n. A public periodical festivity ; a
season of great joy.
jy-pA're, ~_ >
',}
JU-DA'I-AL,r "' Pertaining to the Jews.
JC'DA-ISM, n. The tenets and rites of the Jews j
conformity to Jewish rites, &c.
JO'DA-lZE, v. i. To conform to the rites of tiu-
Jews.
JUDGE, n. One authorised to hear and determine
causes in court ; one skilled in deciding on the
merits of a question; a magistrate. SYN. Um-
pire ; arbitrator ; referee. A judge, in the legal
sense, is a magistrate appointed to determine
questions of law. An umpire is a person selected
to decide befrw pen two or more who contend for a
prize. An arbitrator is one chosen to allot to two
contestants their portion of a claim, usually on
grounds of equity and common sense. A referee is
one to whom a case is referred for final adjust-
ment. Arbitrations and references are sometimes
voluntary and sometimes appointed by a court.
Jt)DGE, v. i. To compare facts and distinguish
truth ; to form an opinion ; to pass sentence ; to
discern.
JODGE, v. t. To hear and determine, as cases, &c. ;
to try and pass sentence upon ; to understand
rightly ; to censure rashly ; to think or esteem ;
to rule or govern ; to punish.
Jt)DUE-AD'VO-ATE, n. A public prosecutor in
a court-martial.
JODGE SHIP, n. The office of a judge.
JODG'MENT, n. The act of judging ; that faculty
by which man is able to compare ideas, and as-
certain the relation of terms and propositions ;
the determination of the mind formed by com-
paring relations and facts, &c. ; sentence pro-
nounced ; act of deciding ; religious statutes and
commands, &c. ; remarkable punishment or ca-
lamity. SYN. Decision ; determination ; award ;
ciiticism; estimate; discrimination; penetration;
discernment ; sagacity.
JCDG'MENT-SEAT, n. The seat or bench on which
judges sit in court ; a court or tribunal.
Jt)'DI-A-Tl VE, a. Having power to judge.
JO'DI-GA-TO-RY, n. A court of justice ; a tri-
bunal ; a. dispensing justice.
JO'DI-A-TORE, n. Power of distributing justice ;
a court of justice.
JU-D1"CIAL (-dish'al), a. Pertaining to courts of
justice ; proceeding from a court ; inflicted as a
penalty.
JU-D1"CI-AL-LY, ad. In the forms of legal justice j
by way of penalty or judgment.
JU-D1"C1A-RY (-dish'a-ry), a. Pertaining to courts
of justice.
JU-D1"CIA-RY, n. Courts of justice.
JU-Dl"CIOUS (-dlsh'us), a. According to sound
judgment ; adapted to secure a good end by tho
best means ; directed by reason and wisdom
SYN. Prudent; skilful; rational; wise; discern-
ing; sagacious.
JU-Dl"CIOUS-LY (-dish'us-), ad. With sound
judgment; prudently; wisely.
JU-Di"CIOUS-NESS (-dish'us-), n. The quality of
being according to sound judgment.
JOG, n. A vessel with a protuberant belly and nar-
row neck or mouth ; v. i. to utter a sound like
this word.
JOG'GLE, n. A trick ; an imposture.
JCG'GLE, v. i. To play tricks by sleight of hand ;
to practise artifice or deceit ; v. t. to deceive by
tricks or artifice.
JOG'GLER, n. One who practises sleight of hand
tricks ; a deceiver.
JOG'GLER- Y, n. Legerdemain ; imposture.
JOG'GLLNG, n. Act of play ing tricks; buffoonery ;
deceit.
JU'GU-LAR, a. Belonging to the throat.
JOICE (juse), n. The sap of vegetables ; the liquid
part of fruits ; the fluid part of animal substances.
JCICE'LESS (juse'lessj, a. Void of sap or moisture.
JOl'CI-NESS gu'se-ness), n. Abundance of juice ;
succulence in plants.
JOI'CY (ju'sy), a. Full of sap ; succulent.
JO'JOBE, n. A plant and its pulpy fruit; jujube
paste is gum-arabic sweetened.
JO'LEP, n. A liquor or syrup.
JtJL'IAN (jul'yan), a. Noting the old account of the
year as regulated by Julius Caesar.
JU-LY', n. The seventh month of the year.
JUM'BLE, v. t. To mix in a confused mass.
JOM'BLE, v. i. To meet, mix, or unite in a con-
fused manner.
JOM'BLE, n. Confused mixture ; a mass or collec-
tion without order ; a small cake shaped like a
ring.
JOMP, D. i. To leap ; to spring with two feet ; to
move from object to object; to pass at a leap ; to
agree; to tally.
JOMP, n. The act of jumping ; a leap with two
feet, as a man ; a leap ; a spring.
JOMP'ER, a. A kind of sleigh of a very rude con-
struction ; one who jumps.
JON'TION (junk'shun), n. Act of joining ; un-
ion ; combination ; the place or point of union.
jCN-eT'ORE (junkt'yur), n. A joining; time or
point where two things are joined together; a
joint ; point of time.
JO N E, n. The sixth month of the year.
JONG'GLE ( jting'gl), n. In Asia, a thick cluster of
small trees or shrubs, and rank vegetation.
JON'IOR (jun'yur\ a. Younger; later born; in-
ferior ; one younger in years or office ; noting a
third year in a college course, or first year of a
theological one.
JO .NI-PER, 7i. A tree or shrub bearing bluish ber-
ries, the oil of which is used to flavour gin.
n. A Chinese ship; old ropes; a thick
piece ; hard, salt beef. [tainment.
JONK'ET, n. A kind of sweetmeat ; private enter-
JONKET, u. i. To feast in secret; to make an en-
tertainment by stealth.
JONTA, n. A Spanish council of state.
JON'TO, n. A cabal ; a faction ; a party.
JO'PI-TER, n. A heathen deity ; Jove; a planet.
JO'RAT, n. One sworn to some particular duty ; a
magistrate ; an alderman.
JURE DI-Vl'NO, [L.] By divine right.
JU-B,ll>I!-AL, a. Pertaining to a judge or court
of justice; used in courts of justice.
JU-R1D'I-AL-LY, ad. With legal authority or
forms.
JO'RIS-ON'SULT, n.
learned in the law.
JU-RIS-D1'TION, n.
tent of it.
JU-RIS-PRC'DENCE (31), n.
the knowledge of law, &c.
Among the Romans, a man
Legal authority, or the ex-
The science of law;
JUR
247
KEE
D6VE, WOLF, B09K; RtfLE, BT?LL; VICIOUS.
/U-RI?-PRU-DEN'TIAL, o. Belonging to juris-
prudence.
jClilST, n. A professor of the civil law; one
versed in the law, or a writer on the subject; a law-
yer ; a civilian.
JC'ROR, n. One who serves on a jury.
JG'RY, n. A number of freeholders impannelled
and sworn to deliver truth on evidence in court ;
applied sometimes to a committee winch, awards
prizes at a public exhibition.
, n. One who serves as a juror.
i (<;), n. A temporary mast erected to
supply the place of one carried away in a tempest
or battle. [nations.
JITS GEN'TI-UM (jen'she-um). [L.] The law of
JUST, a. Literal?!/, straight, or conformed to a
rk'ht line ; hence, appropriate or suitable, as a
just array; conformed to truth and justice ; go-
verned by principles of equity. SYN. Ex
curate; tit; equitable; fair; impartial; riu'ht ;
upright; honest; righteous; rightful; equal ;
: landed; deserved.
. A mock encounter on horseback.
rely.
JL'ST, r.i. To en-airo in a mock light oa horse-
: to push ; to drive ; to justle.
JUSTICE, 71. The virtue which consists in giving
to every one wliat is his due ; impartiality ; vin-
dictive retribution ; a civil officer <
SYN. Equity ; law. Justice and equity are the
same; but human la-vs, though designed to se-
cxire justice, are of necessity imperfect, and hence
what is strictly legal is at times far from being
equitable or just. Here a court of equity comes in
to redress the grievance. It does so as distin-
guished from courts of law ; and as the latter are
often styled courts of justice, some have fancied
that there is in this case a conflict betwe<-;;
and equity. The real conflict is against the work-
ing of the law ; this a court of equity brings into
accordance with the claims ot justice. It would
be an unfortunate use of language which should
lead any one to imagine he might have .justice on
his side while p/ y).
JfJS'TlCE-SHIP, n. The office of a justice.
CIA-RY (-tish'a-ryj, n. One who adminis-
ters justice.
JOST1-FI-A-BLK, a. That can be justified.
JCSTI-Fl-A-BLiJ-NESS, n. The quality of being
liable.
Fl-A-BLY. ad. So as to be justified.
JTJS-T1 X, n. Act, of j ; state
of be: : vindicate <
logy, remissit n of sin and absolution from guilt
and punishment.
JUS-TlFI-f A-TO-KY, a. Tending to justify.
JDSTI-FI-ER, 71. One who justifies.
! -FY, v. t. l.itetally, to make straight or con
formable to a right line, a sense still in use
among printers; hence, to prove or show to be
just ; to declare just ; to uphold or defend as
right or proper; in theology, to absolve from pun-
ishment ami treat wi;b favour. SYN. To vindi-
cate ; exonerate : exculpate ; absolve ; acquit.
JCSTI-FY-ING, a. That has the quality of absolv-
ith.
i . To run against. See JOSTLE.
oiorce.
JCSTLY, fi>l. : uprightly.
\ ESS, n. Conformity to truth or some stan-
dard of correctness and propriety. SYN. Upright-
ness ; equity ; exactness ; accuracy ; propriety ;
fitness: reasonableness justice
JCT, v. i. To shoot nt ; n. a r.r->i Action.
JTJTE 5 7i. An In liun veg3table fibre, used for clot'i
-
-e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
JC'VE-NlLE-NESS,->. Youthfulness : youthful
JU-VE-NIL'ITY, $ age.
JUX-TA-PGS'I-TED, a. Placed near; contiguous.
JUX-TA-PO-S1"TION f-po-zish'un), n. Nearness in
place.
JO-VE-NAL'IA, n. Games instituted ior youth in
ancient Rome.
JU-VE-N1.S'CENCE, n. A growing young.
JU-VE-NI S'CEVf, a. Becoming young.
NiLE, a. Yountr ; youthful; suited to
youth ; pertaining to 3 outh.
K.
T7" is a palatal consonant, the sound of which ispre-
** cisely the same as that of c hard. Before all
the vowels it has one invariable sound, as iu
king, keel; it is silent before n, as is know, k?n/e.
KALE, n. An esculent plant; a kind of curly or
wrinkled-leaf caM
KA-LEl'DO-SCOPE (-li'do-skope), n. An optical
instrument which exhibits an infinite variety of
beautiful colours and symmetrical forms.
KAL'EN-DAU. See CALENDAR.
KAL'EN-DER. See CALRKDKR.
KA'Ll (ka'ly), ft. A plant whose aslies are used in
making glass.
KA'LIF. See CALIF.
KAL'MI-A, n. A genus of evergreen shrubs.
KAlfSIN, n. A hot wind in Esrypt ; the simoon.
KANG-GA-ROO', n. An animal of New Holland,
with short fore legs, and a powerfu 1
KA.\T'I-AN, 71. Relating to Kant or his system of
philo?ophy. [making porcelain.
KA'O-LIN, 7i. A species of fine, pure clay used in
KA'TY-DID, n. A large greenish insect, so called
from the sound it makes.
KAW, 7i. The cry of the crow, raven, or rook.
K4W, v. i. To cry as a crow, &c. See CAW.
KA YLE, 7i. A nine-pin ; a play.
KEB'LAH, n. The point toward which Moham-
medans turn their faces in prayer.
KECK, v. t. To heave.
KECK, ii. A reaching or heaving of the stomach.
KECK'LE fkek'kl), v. t. To wind old rope around
ble to preserve it from being fretted.
KEDGE, n. A small anchor used in a river.
:, v. t. To warp, as a ship ; to move off by *
kedge.
KEEK, v. t. To look pryingly ; to peep.
KEEL, 71. The principal timber of a ship, extend-
ing irom stem to stern under the bottom; a low,
flat-bottomed boat, used for carrying coals from
the mine to vessels ; a botanical term for the
two lower petals of papilionaceous flowers.
KEEL, v. t. To plough the water with a keel ; to
ite; to turn up the keel, showing the bot-
tom of a vessel.
KELL'-BOAT, 71. A large covered boat having a
keel, but without sails. [low tub.
KEEL'ER, 71. One who manages vessels ;
KEEL'-HAUL, v. t. To haul under the keel of a
ship by way of punishment.
KEEL'MAN, 71. One who manages a keel.
KEEL'SON (kel'smi) , n. A piece of timber fastened
on the floor timbers of a ship over the keel.
KEEN, a. Eager or vehement, as keen desire;
sharp, as a keen appetite ; piercing, as a keen wind ;
bitter or acrimonious, as keen sarcasm ; acute, as
/ intellect.
KEEN LY, ad. Sharply ; eagerly ; bitterly.
KEEN'NESS, n. Possessing the quality of sharp-
ness, or eagerness, or bitterness.
KEEP, n. The dungeon in an old cattle.
KEEP, v. t. [pret. and pp. KKPT.] To hold in one's
power or possession ; not to give up or lose ; to
care for; to guard ; to protect. -YN. To i
preserve. Keep is generic, *nd is often use.!
rttain or prczci-ce would too much restrict the
meaning, as to keep silence, &c. Retain d<
that we l:eep or hold tl.'- i influences
which might deprive us of them, as to -reiV
vacity in old age. Preserve denotes that we keep
a thing against agencies whicl troy it,
as to preserve one's health amid many exposures.
KEEP, v. t. To remain in any state; to last; to
dwell; to reside for a time.
KEE
248
KIN
I, fi, &c., long. X, , <fcc., short. C!RE, FAR, LAST,
KEEP'EE, n. One who preserves or guards.
KEEP'ING, n. A holding or restraining ; custody
feed, as of a horse ; a due proportion in the light
and colouring of a picture; conformity; congruity,
as subjects in keeping with each other.
KEEP'ING-EOOM, n. The room in which the
family live.
KEEPSAKE, n. A token of kind remembrance.
KEEVE, n. A large tub for fermenting liquors ; a
mashing tub.
KEEVE, v. t. To put in a keeve for fermentation.
KEG, n. A small cask. See CAG.
KEIL, n. Argillaceous peroxide of iron ; reddle,
used Sor marking.
KELP, n. The calcined ashes of sea-weed, used in
the manufacture of glass, soap, &c. ; a sea plant.
KELP'IE (kelp'y), n. A supposed spirit of the wa-
ters in Scotland, having the form of a horse.
KfiLT'EE, n. A state of preparation ; order not
in belter, not in readiness or order.
KEN, v. t. To see at a distance ; to know ; to de-
scry.
KEN, n. Eeach of the sight ; view ; knowledge.
KEN'DAL-GEEEN, n. A species of green cloth
made at Kendal.
KEN'NEL, n. A place for dogs ; a pack of hounds ;
a water-course; hole of a fox or other beast; a
haunt ; a puddle.
KEN'NEL, v. i. To lodge in a kennel, as a dog or
fox.
KEN'NEL, v. t. To keep or confine in a kennel.
KEN'NING, n. View; sight.
KfiN'TLE, TI. A hundred pounds ; a quintal.
KENT'LEDGE, n. A term used by seamen for bal-
last on the floor of a ship.
KEEB'-STONE, n. A stone along the edge of a
pavement; curb-stone.
KEE'CHIEF (13) (ker'chif), n. A cloth to cover the
head.
KEEF, n. The cut of an axe or saw ; the notch or
slit made in wood by cutting.
KEE'MES, 7i. An insect used for dying scarlet ;
grains used in dyeing.
KEEN, 7i. An Irish foot-soldier ; an idle person ;
in printing, that part of a letter which hangs over
the body or shank.
KEEN, v. i. To harden in ripening ; to granulate.
KEEN'EL, n. The seed of a pulpy fruit, or one
covered with a nhell ; a grain.
KEEN'EL, v. i. To form into a kernel.
KEE'SEY, a. A coarse woollen cloth.
KEE'SEY-MEEE, n. A fine twilled woollen cloth ;
spelt also cassimere.
KES'TEEL, n. A bird of the hawk kind.
KETCH, n. A vessel with two masts.
KETCH'UP, 7i. A sauce. See CATCHUP.
KET'TLE, 7i. A vessel of metal for boiling.
KET'TLE-DEtTM, n. A drum of copper or brass,
formed like a kettle, used in martial music.
KET'TLE-PlN, n. Nine-pins ; skittles.
KEY (ke), n. That which fastens, as apiece of wood
let into another for giving strength ; an instru-
ment to fasten and open locks; an instrument by
which something is screwed or turned ; the stone
which binds an arch ; in an organ, &c., the lever
by which the instrument is played by the fingers ;
that which serves to explain any thing ; an index
which explains a cipher; fundamental note; a
ledge of rocks near the surface of a water.
KEY (ke), n. A bank or wharf built on the side of
a river or harbour, for loading and unloading ships.
It is commonly written quay.
KEY'A&E, n. Money paid for lying at a wharf.
KEY'-BOAED, n. The part of a musical instrument
where the keys are ; the whole range of the keys of
an organ, &c.
KEYED (keed), a. Furnished with keys ; set to
a key, as a tune ; having keys let into it to pre-
serve from warping.
KEY'HOLE (ke'-), n. A hole for a key in a lock.
KEY'STONE, 71. The stone that binds an arch ;
hence, the uniting principle or power.
F4LL WHAT ; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
KHAN (kaun), n. A prince or governor in Persia ;
a prince or chief ; an Eastern inn. [of a khan.
KUAN' ATE, n. [Fr.~] The dominion or jurisdiction
KIBE, n. A chap in the heel ; a chilblain.
KIBED, a. Chapped or cracked with cold : having
chilblains.
KI-BlT'KA, n. A Eussian travelling wagon; a kind
of movable dwelling among the Tartars.
KI CK, n. A blow with the foot or feet.
KICK, v. t. To strike with the foot.
KICK, v. i. To practise striking with the foot ; to
thrust out the foot in anger, contempt, &c. ; to
show opposition.
KlCK'ING, 7i. Act of striking with the foot ; a
succession of kicks inflicted on one.
KlD, TI. A young goat; a bundle of furze; a small
wooden vessel, especially that in which seamen
receive their food.
KlD'NAP, v. t. To steal a human being, man,
woman, or child.
KIDNAPPED (kld'napt), a. Stolen, seized, and
carried away, as a human being.
KlD'NAP-PEE, n. One who steals a person.
KiD'NAP-PING, n. The act or practice of steal-
ing, or the forcible abduction of a human being
from his country or state.
KlD'NEY, n. ; pi. KID'NEYS. That part of the vis-
cera which secretes the urine ; sort ; kind ; dis-
position.
KID'NEY-BEAN, n. A large kind of bean, so
called from its shape.
KlL, 7i. A Dutch word for channel or bed of a
river ; hence, a stream.
KlL'DEE-KIN, TI. A cask of 16 or 18 gallons.
KILL, v. t. To deprive of life. SYN. To murder;
assassinate. To kill does not necessarily mean
any more than to deprive of life. A man may
kill another by accident or in self-defence with-
out the imputation of guilt. To murder is to kill
with malicious forethought and intention. To
assassinate is to murder suddenly and by stealth.
The sheriff may 7:ill without murdering ; the duel-
list murders, but does not assassinate his antagon-
ist; the assassin Tails and murders in the meanest
and most ignoble manner.
KtLL'DEE, ") TI. A kind of plover, so called from
KlLL'DEEE, $ the note it utters.
KlLL'EE, n. One who slays or deprives of life.
KlLN (kil), n. A stove or oven to dry or bake
bricks, ware, &c. ; a pile of bricks for burning.
KTLN'-DEt (kil'-dry), v. t. To dry in a kiln.
KlL'O-GEAM, ). A French measure of 1000
KIL'O-GRAMME, j grammes, or about 2 pounds.
KIL-OL'I-TEE, ") n. A French measure of 1COO
KIL'0-LI-TRE, $ litres, or 264 gallons, about 4
hogsheads.
Kl-LGM'E-TEE,) n. A French measure of 1000
KIL'0-ME-TRE, j metres, or about five-eighths of
a mile.
KlLT, TI. A kind of short petticoat worn instead
of breeches by the Highlanders of Scotland.
rlM'BO, a. Bent; crooked; arched.
KlN, TI. Kindred ; relation ; thing related ; in
composition, a diminutive, umaniufein; a. of the
same nature ; kindred ; congenial.
KIND, a. Noting a disposition to make others
happy by supplying their wants, granting their
requests, &c. ; having affectionate and tender
feelings, &c. ; proceeding from goodness of heart,
&c. SYN. Benevolent ; beneficent ; benign ; gra
cious ; generous ; indulgent ; humane ; mild ; gen-
tle; friendly; loving; favourable; good; tender;
obliging ; favourable ; n. a genus ; race ; sort ; par-
ticular nature ; produce or commodity. See GOOD-
NATURED.
KlN'DLE (kin'dl), v. t. To set on fire ; to inflame ;
to provoke ; to excite to action ; v. i. to take fire;
to begin to rage or be violently excited; to be
roused or exasperated.
KlN'DLEE, n. He or that which sets on fire.
KIND'LI-NESS, n. Affectionate disposition.
KIND'LY, ad. With good will; obligingly.
KIN
DOVE, WOLF, BQOK ; R^LE, BTJLL ; Vf'CIOUS.
KTND'LY, a. Mild ; favourable ; bland ; congeuial ;
seasonable; of the same nature.
KlND'NESS, 71. Tliat temper or disposition which
delights to make others happy; any act which
promotes the happiness or welfare of others. SYN.
Good will ; grace ; tenderness ; compassion ; hu-
manity; mildness; gentleness; goodness; gene-
rosity; affection.
KlN'DRED, n. Relation; relatives; affinity; a.
allied by birth; related; congenial; of the like
nature or properties.
KlNE, TV. pi. Two or more cows.
KlNE-POX', n. The vaccine disease.
KING, n. A monarch ; a sovereign ; a prince ; su-
preme magistrate ; a card having the picture of a
king ; the chief piece in a game of chess.
KtNG'RAFT, n. The art of governing.
KlNG'DOM (kmg'dum), n. The territory subject
to a king ; the population so subject ; power or
supreme authority ; division or region, as animal
kingdom; heaven, or a state of glory; reign of the
Messiah, rule, &c.
KlNG'FISH-ER, n. A bird which preys on fish.
KlNG'LY, o. Like a king; with the feelings of a
king; becoming a king. SYN. Rearal. Kvnglyia
Saxon, and refers especially to the character of a
king ; regal is Latin, and now relates more to his
office. The former is chiefly used of dispositions,
feelings, and purposes which are king-like ; the
latter of external state, pomp, &c.
KIN G'-POST, n. A beam in a roof rising from the
tie-beam to the ridge.
KlNG'S'-BENCH, n. In England, the supreme
court of common law.
KlNG'S-ENG'GLISH (-ing'glish), n. A phrase for
correct or current language of good speakers.
KlNG'S-E'VIL (king'z-e'vl), n. A disease of the
scrofulous kind, whose cure was attributed to
the king.
KlNK, n. The twist of a thread or rope spontane-
ously formed ; in /Scotland, convulsive laughter, or
coughing.
KINK, v. t. or i. To twist into a kink.
Kl'NO, n. An astringent vegetable extract of a
deep brownish-red colour.
i'oLK, n. Persons of the same family ; rela-
tives; kindred.
Kl N SYRIAN, n. A man of the same race or family.
Kl N $'WOM-A N , ?i. A woman of the same race.
Kl'OSK, n. A Turkish summer-house.
KJP'PER, n. A salmon that has just spawned.
Kippered salmon are those which have been salted
and dried as not fit to use while fresh, because
Just from spawning.
KIP'SKIN, n. Leather prepared from the skin of
young cattle, between calf-skin and cow-hide.
KlRK (17), n. The church, as in Scotland.
KlRK'MAN, n. One of the Church of Scotland.
KlR'TLE, n. An upper garment ; a gown ; a short
jacket.
KlSS, n. A salute with the lips ; a common token
of affection ; a small piece of confectionery.
KISS, v. t. To salute with the lips; to caress; to
touch gently.
KISS'ING, 7i. Act of saluting with the lips.
K1SS'ING-OM'FIT (kttm'fit), n. Perfumed sugar
plums to sweeten the breath.
KIT, n. A kitten ; a small fiddle ; a small tub of
salt fish; a bundle containing the tools of a shoe-
maker, the necessaries of a soldier, &c. ; hence,
perhaps, the expression of a kit of people, the
whole fcit of them.
KIT-CAT, n. A name given to a club to which
Addison and Steele belonged ; also to a three
quarter length portrait, of which many were taken
for that club.
KlTCH'EN, n. A room for cooking ; a galley or
caboose in ships ; Scottish, any thing eaten with
bread ; opsonium.
KlTCH'EN-GAR'DEN, n. A garden for culinary
plants.
KITE, n. A rapacious bird; a paper toy for flying.
249 KNO
, -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
Kith and kin, friends
KlTH, n. Acquaintance.
and relations.
KlT'TEN, v. i. To bring forth young, as a cat.
KITTEN (kit'tn), n. The young of a cat; a young cat.
KLtCK, v. t. To make short, sharp sounds, by
striking two things together.
KLlCK, 7i. A regular sharp noise.
KNAB (nab), v. t. To gnaw; to bite ; to nibble ; to
lay hold of or apprehend.
KNACK (nak), n. Dexterity ; a nice trick; a toy.
KNACK'ER, 7i. A dealer in worn-out horses.
KNAG (nag) , n. A knot in wood ; a peg ; the shoot
of a deer's horn.
KNAG'GY (uSg'gy), a. Knotty, rough with knots.
KNAP (nap), n. A swelling ; a protuberance.
KNAP (nap), \v. t. To bite off; to bite
KNAP'PLE (nap'pl),]' short.
KNAP'S ACK (n&p'sak), n. A sack or bag contain-
ing articles of food or clothing carried on the
back by soldiers, travellers, &c.
KNAR (nar), n. A knot in wood.
KNARLED (narld), a. Knotty. See GNAELKD.
KNAVE (nave), n. Originally, a boy or servant;
hence (from the early character of so many of
that rank), a low, cheating fellow; a rogue; a
card with a soldier pictured upon it.
KNAVER-Y (nav'er-y),n. Low dishonesty; decep-
tion in trade ; mischievous tricks or practices.
KNAVISH (nav'ish), o. Practising dishonesty;
fraudulent ; mischievous.
KNAVISH-LY, ad. Dishonestly ; by trick.
KNAVISH-NESS, n. The quality or habit of dis-
honesty ; trick ; deceit.
KNEAD (need), v. t. To work and mix with the
hands, particularly the materials of bread, &c.
KNEAD'ING-TKOUGH (need'ing-truf;, n. A tray
in which dough is kneaded.
KNEE (ne),7i. The joint between the leg and
thigh : a piece of timber cut out in the shape of a
bent knee ; pieces of wood of a ship connecting
her sides and beams.
KNEE'-ROOK-ING, a. Obsequious.
KNEED (need), a. Having knees; geniculated.
Kising to the knee3 '
KNEEL (neel), v. t. To bend or fall on the knees.
KNEE'PAN, n. Patella; the round bone on the
front of the knee-joint.
KNEE'-TRIB-OTE, n. Obeisance by kneeling.
KNELL (n>l), n. The sound of a bell; funeral
tolling.
KNICK'ER-BOCK-ER, n. A species of trowsers.
KNIFE (nife), n. ; pi. KNIVES Cnivz). An edged
instrument for cutting.
KNIGHT (mte),n. Originally, a youth ; hence, a
servant ; in feudal times, a man admitted to mili-
tary rank by a certain ceremony ; one of an order
of title called Sir ; a champion.
KNIGHT (mte), v. t. To dub or create a knight, the
sovereign giving him , kneeling, a blow with a sword
and saying "Rise, Sir."
KNIGHT-ER'RANT, n. A knight roving about for
the purpose of displaying his military prowess, &c.
KNIG H THOQD, n. The dignity of a knight.
KNIGHT'LY (nitely), a. Becoming a knight ; per-
taining to a knight.
KN IGHTTLY (nlte'ly), ad. As becomes a knight.
KNlT (nit), v. t. [pret. and pp. KNIT, KNITTED] To
form with large needles into a kind of network, as
to fcnit stockings ; to unite closely, as in love ; to
join or cause to grow together, as bones; to tie;
to fasten ; to draw together or contract, as the
brows; v. i. to interweave by needles; to join
closely.
KNIT'TER, n. One who knits. [ting.
KN IT'TIN G-NEE'DLE, n. A needle used for knit-
KNOB (nob), n. A knot ; a protuberance ; a bunch ;
round ball at the end of a thing, as of a lock.
D'(nobd'),| fl>
KNOB'BY (nub'by)
KNOB'BI-NESS (nol/be-ness), n.
being full of knots.
Full of knots.
The quality of
KNO
250
LA.C
i, fi, &j., long. I, *, &c., short. CAEE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TH&EE, TiEM; MAEINE, Bim>; HOY*,
(n3k), v. i. To strike or beat with some- LA, . A note in music.
LA (law), ex. Look; see; behold.
thing heavy; to be driven against; to strike
against ; v. t. to strike or beat ; to strike a door
for admittance.
KNOCK (nok), n. A blow; a sudden stroke with
something heavy ; a rap.
KNOCK'ER (n5k'er), n. One who knocks ; a ham-
mer to rap on a door.
KNOCK'ING, n. A beating; a rap; succession of
strokes.
KNOLL. See KNELL.
KNOLL (noil) , n. A little hill or hillock.
KNOP (nop), n. A knap ; knob; button; bunch.
KNOPPED (nSpt), o. Having knobs, or fastened
with them.
KNOT (not), n. Union of cords by knitting or
tying ; a tie ; joint of a plant ; difficulty or intri-
cacy ; bond of association ; a cluster or group ;
division of a log-line, which measures the rate of
a ship's motion.
KNOT (not), v. t. To form knots ; to entangle or
perplex ; to tie ; v. i. to form knots or joints, as
in plants ; to knit knots for fringe.
Ful1 Of knots ; hard ; intricate -
KNOUT (nout), n. An instrument of punishment
in Russia, consisting of a narrow leather strap,
which inflicts severe torture.
KNOUT (nout), v. t. To punish with the knout.
KNOW (nd), v. t. [fret. KNEW; pp. KNOWN.] To
perceive with certainty ; to understand clearly ;
to be informed of ; to distinguish ; to recognize
by recollection ; to be no stranger ; to be familiar
with; to have sexual intercourse ; to approve; to
have assurance of.
KNOW, v. i. To have clear and certain perception ;
to be informed ; to take cognizance of; to examine.
KNOW'A-BLE (no'a-bl), a. That may be known.
KNOWING (no'ing), a. Having or showing know-
ledge ; significant, as a "knowing look.
KNOW'IN U-LY, ad. Understandingly ; with know-
ledge.
KNOWL'EDGE (noTlej), n. Clear perception ;
learning ; science ; skill ; information ; cogniz-
ance ; notice ; with carnal, sexual intercourse.
KNCCK'LE (nuk'kl), n. A joint of the fingers, &c. ;
the knee-joint ot a calf; in carpentry, a joint of a
cylindrical form, with a pin, as an axis by which
hinge-straps are fastened together.
KNCCK'LIi (nuk'kl), v. i. To submit in contest;
v. t. to strike with the knuckles.
KNORL'Y, a. Full of knots ; hard.
KO'PECK, n. A Russian coin worth about la.
KO'RAN, n. The Mohammedan book of faith.
KRA'AL, n. A South African village or hamlet,
being a collection of huts ranged in a circular form,
so named by the early Dutch settlers, from fcraal
or coral, a string of beads.
KRA'KEN, n. A supposed enormous sea-animal.
KREM'LIN, n. Jn Russia, the citadel of a town or
city ; the imperial palace of Moscow.
^RCL'LER, n. A kind of cake curkd or crisped,
A vinous liquor made
KRCL'LER, 71
and boiled in fat.
KO'MISS or KOU'MISS, n.
from mare's milk.
KY'AN-IZE, v. t. To prevent the rotting of timber
by the use of corrosive sublimate, &c.
KYR-I-0-LOG'IJ, 1 a. Representing objects by
KYR-10-LOG'I-AL, ) conventional signs or char-
acters.
L.
T is a liquid consonant, having but one sound, as
*-* in love. In English words the terminating
syllable 10 is unaccented ; the e is silent, and I has
a feeble sound, as in able, eagle, pronounced al>l,
eagl ; as a numeral, L denotes 50 ; in accounts it
stands for a pound.
LA'BEL, n. A slice of paper, &c., attached to any
thing to denote the contents ; name or title.
LA'BEL, v. t. To mark with a label.
LA' BENT, a. Sliding; gliding.
LA'BI-AL, a. Pertaining to the lips.
LA'BI-AL, n. A letter uttered by the lips.
LA-BI-O-DENT'AL, a. Formed or pronounced by
the co-operation of the lips and teeth.
LA'BOUR, n. Exertion of muscular strength ; in-
tellectual exertion ; exertion of the mental pow-
ers in connection with bodily employment ; work
done or to be done ; heroic achievement ; pangs
and effort of childbirth ; the evils of life, &c.
SYN. Work ; toil ; task ; effort ; pains ; travail.
LA'BOUR, v. i. To exert muscular strength or
the powers of the mind ; to be burdened ; to move
with difficulty or irregularity; to perform Chris-
tian offices ; to be in travail ; v t. to work at ; to
prosecute with effort ; to form with exertion,
toil, or care. SYN. To work; toil; strive; strug-
gle ; fag ; plod ; drudge ; slave ; travail.
LAB'O-RA-TO-RY, n. A place for operations or
experiments in chemistry, pharmacy, pyrotech-
nics, &c. ; a workshop.
LA'BOUR-ER, n. One who labours ; a workman.
LA-BO'RI-OUS, a. Diligent in work; using exer-
tion ; requiring exertion, &c. SYN. Industri-
ous ; pains-taking ; active ; assiduous ; toilsome ;
difficult; arduous; wearisome; fatiguing; trouble-
some.
LA-BO'RI-OUS-LY, ad. With great toil.
LA-BO'RI-OUS- N ESS, n. State or quality of being
toilsome or attended with difficulty.
LAB'Y-RINTH. n. A place full of windings ; some-
thing extremely intricate. SYN. Maze. A laby-
rinth among the ancients was a building con-
structed with a multitude of winding passages, so
that a person could hardly avoid being lost.
Hence, figuratively, the word denotes any thing
extremely intricate, as the labyrinth of the hu-
man heart. ITaze (lit., whirlpool) denotes the
perplexity and confusion in which the mind is
thrown by unexpected or inexplicable events, as a
maze of thought.
LAB-Y-R1NTH'I-AN, a. Winding ; intricate.
LA<3, n. A substance found on certain trees, de-
posited by an insect for the protection of its eggs,
and as food for the maggot ; it yields a fine red
dye ; in the East Indies, 100,000 rupees.
LACE, n. Ornamental work composed of threads ;
a cord ; a plaited string.
LACE, v. t. To fasten; to trim with lace; to
whip.
LACE'-MAN, n. A dealer in lace.
LAC'ER-ATE, v. t. To tear ; to rend ; to separate
by violence or tearing.
LA C'ER- ATE, 7 a. Rent ; torn ; in botany, having
LAC'ER-A-TED, j the edge variously cut into
segments.
LAC-ER-A'TION (las-er-a'shun), n. Act of tearing ;
a rent.
LAC'ER-A-TlVE, a. Bending; tearing; having
the power to tear.
LA-CfiR'TA, n. A genus of lizards ; a northern
constellation, the lizard.
LAH'RY-MAL (lak'ry-mal), a. Conveying tears ;
pertaining to or secreting tears.
LAH'RY-MA-RY (lak'-), a. Containing tears.
LAH'RY-MA-TO-11Y, n. A vessel found in se-
pulchres of the ancients, supposed to have con-
tained the tears of the friends of the deceased.
LAH'RY-MOSE, a. Generating or shedding tears ;
full of tears.
LAC'ING, n. A fastening with a string or cord
through eyelet holes; a cord used for drawing
tight or fastening.
LACK,, v. t. To want or need; to be destitute of;
y. i. to be in want ; to be wanting.
LACK, n. Want; fi.ilure; a hundred thousand, (is
rupees. See LAC.
LAC
251
LAM
, B^LL ; Vl"CIOTTS
DOVE, WOLF, EQ9K ;
LACK-A-DArSI-!AL, a. Affectedly pensive.
L\CK'A-DAI'SY, ( An exclamation of sorrow or
LACK'A-DAY', $ regret; alas!
LACK'BRlIN, n. One deficient in understand-
ing.
LACK'ER, n. See LACQUER.
LACK'EY (lak'y), n. ; pi. LACK'ETS. A footman or
footboy ; a servant ; v. i. to attend as a footman ;
v. t. to attend servilely.
LA-ON'ie, ") o. Expressing much in few
LA-ON'I-AL, j words. SYN. Concise.-The
term laconic is derived from the Lacones or Spar-
tans, who affected to give short, pithy answers.
Laconic, then, implies few words ; concise, only
the necessary words. A work may be a long one,
and yet the language be concise; a reply cannot
be long and yet laconic. .Laconic carries with it
the idea of incivility or affectation; concise is a
term of unmixed praise.
LA'ON-ISM, | n. A brief, sententious phrase
LA-eON'I-CIa>M, j or expression; a concise
style.
LA-C'QUER (lak'er), n. A varnish for brass, <tc.,
consisting of a solution of shell lac in alcohol.
LA-C'QUER (lak'er), v. t. To varnish; to apply
lacquer.
LA-G-TA'TION, n. The act of giving milk ; time of
suckling.
LA-C'TE-AL, a. Pertaining to milk; conveying
chyle ; n. a vessel of the body that conveys chyle
from the intestines.
. } a - Milky; like milk.
LA-TES'CENCE, n. Tendency to milk; in bot-
any, the milky juice of a plant.
LA'-TES'CENT, a. Producing milk or white
juice ; abounding in white juice, as a plant.
LA'TI, a. Pertaining to milk; derived from
milk, as lactic acid.
LA-G-TUM'E-TER, n. A glass tube for ascertaining
the richness of milk or of cream.
LA-CS'TRAL, ") a. Pertaining to lakes or
LA-eOS'TRlNE,) swamps.
LAD, n. A boy ; a young man ; a youth.
LAD'DER, n. A frame with rounds for steps.
LAD'DIE, n. A lad or young man. (Scot.)
LADE, v. t. [pret. LADED ; pp. LADED, LADEX.] To
load ; to freight ; to throw with a dipper.
LA'DEN (la'dn), a. Oppressed; burdened.
LAD'ING, n. Load; cargo; that which a ship
carries.
LA'DLE, n. \ dipper with a handle; receptacle
of a mill-wheel; an instrument for drawing the
charge of a cannon.
LA'DY, n. A well-bred woman ; a title of respect.
LA'DY-BiRD, \n. A small insect of brilliant col-
LA'DY-BCG, 3 ours.
LA'DY-DAY, n. Annunciation-day, March 25.
LA'DY-LOVE (-luv), n. A sweetheart or mis-
tress.
LA ; DY-SHIP, n. The title of a lady.
LA-DY'$-SLIP'PER, n. A flowering plant found in
gardens.
LAG, a. Coming after ; slow ; sluggish.
LAG, n. One who lags ; the rump ; the fag end.
LAG, v. i. To walk or move slowly ; to stay behind.
STN. To linger ; saunter ; delay ; loiter, which
see,
LA'GER BEER, n. A mild German beer, called
lager from its being laid up or stored some months
before using
LAG'GARD, a. Slow; sluggish; backward.
LAG'GARD, > n. One who moves slowly or falls
LAG'GER, J> behind ; a loiterer ; an idler.
LA-GOON',) n. A fen or shallow pond; water in-
LA-GCNE', j closed by circular coral reefs.
LA'I, n. A layman.
LA'K), ) a. Pertaining to people not of the
LA'I-AL,j clergy.
LAID, pvef. and j-p. of LAY. Placed; deposited.
Laid Paper, paper inlaid with lines in its texture
like those in paper made by hand.
.-- as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LAIR (4), n. The bed of a wild beast; a place of
rest.
LAIRD, n. In Scotland, a lord; owner of a
manor.
LA'I-TY, n. The people as distinct from the clergy.
LAKE, n. A large collection of water surrounded
by land ; a deep red colouring matter.
LAKE'LET, n. A little lake.
LA'MA, n. The object of worship in Thibet and
Mongolia, called more commonly the Grand Lama ;
the title of a kind of priesthood or sacred order in
those countries ; a South American beast of bur-
den, allied to the camel.
LAMB (lam), n. A young sheep. In Scripture,
LAMB OF GOD, the Saviour Jesus Christ, typified
by the Paschal Lamb.
LAMB (lm), v. t. To bring forth young, as a
sheep.
LAM'BENT, a. Playing over the surface ; touch-
ing- lightly ; licking.
LAMB'KIN (lam'kin), n. A young or small lamb.
LAMB'S WQOL, n. The wool of lambs ; a drink of
ale : roasted apples, &c.
LAME, a. Unsound in a limb; imperfect; hob-
bling.
LAME, v. t. To make lame ; to disable or cripple ;
to render imperfect, &c.
LAM'EL, n. A very thin plate or scale.
LAM'EL-LAR, \ a. Formed or disposed in thia
LAM'EL-LATE, ) plates or scales.
LAM'EL-LA-TED, a. Covered with thin plates.
LA-MEL'LI-FOKM, a. Having the form of a plate.
LAME'LY, ad. With impaired strength, as a crip,
pie; haltingly; weakly.
LAME'NESS, n. An impaired state of the body or
limbs; imperfection; weakness.
LA-MENT', n. Grief expressed in complaints and
cries ; an elegy.
LA-MENT', v. i. To express sorrow or grief; to
regret deeply ; to feel sorrow. ^YN. To mourn;
grieve; bewail; complain; weep; deplore, which
see.
LA-MENT', v. t. To mourn for ; complain of j weep
over.
LAM'ENT-A-BLE, a. Deserving sorrow ; adapted
to cause grief. SYN . Sorrowful ; grievous; miser-
able ; -oiteous ; mournful.
LAM'EVT-A-BLY, ad. With sorrow ; grievously.
LAM-EN-TA'TION, n. Expression of sorrow;
cries of grief ; the act of bewailing. SYN. Mourn-
ing; complaint; moan; wailing.
LA-MENT'ER, n. One who cries out with sorrow.
LAM'I-NA, n.; pi. LAM'I-N^;. A thin plate; a coat
lying over another ; a bone or part of a bone re-
sembling a thin plate ; the earlap ; the border of
a petal ; the blade of a leaf.
LAM'I-NA-BLE, a. Capable of being formed into
thin plates.
LA M 'I- N AR, a. Consisting of thin plates.
LAM'i.NA.TEDJ "' Mated, lying in plate..
LAM-I-NA'TION, n. State of being laid in plates.
LAMMAS, n. The first day of August.
LAM'MER-GElR, n. The largest bird of prey of
the Eastern Continent ; the bearded vulture.
LAMP, n. A vessel with a wick or wicks, in which
some inflammable substance is burned to give
licrht; alight.
LAMPBLACK, n. A fine soot from the smoke of
burning resinous substances.
LAM'PASS, n. A lump of flesh in the roof of a
horse's mouth behind the fore teeth.
LAM'PER-EEL, n. The lamprey.
LAM-POON', n. Personal satire or abuse in writ-
ing. SYN. Satire. The appropriate object of sat-
ire is found in the vices and follies of the times.
It is usually general, and designed to expose and
reform. A lampoon is a bitter personal satire,
dictated by malignant feelings, and intended only
to distress and degrade. Most of the pieces pub-
lished by Pope under the name of satires were a
string- of lampoons.
LAM
252
LAP
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TBRM; MARINE, BfRD; MOVE,
LAM-POON', v. t. To abuse with perpetual cen-
sure and written satire. SYN. To libel; defame;
slander.
LAM-POON'EE, n. One who writes personal satire.
LAM'PEEY, n. A fish like an eel.
LA'NA-EY, n. A store place for wool.
LA'NATE, a. Woolly ; having hairs like wool.
LANCE (6), TV. A weapon like a spear, to be thrown.
LANCE, v. t. To pierce with a sharp-pointed in-
strument, as a lance or lancet; to throw, as a
lance.
LAN'CE-O-LATE, a. Tapering toward the end.
LAN'CEE, n. A soldier who carries a lance ; one
who pierces, as with a lance or lancet.
LAN'CET, n, A surgical instrument to let blood ;
a high, narrow window.
LANCH, v. t. To throw, as a dart ; to let fly.
LAN CI-FORM, a. In the form of a lance.
LAN'CI-NATE, v. t. To tear ; to cut.
LAN-CI-NATION, n. A tearing.
LAND, n. Earth or the solid matter ; any portion
of the solid, superficial part of the globe, as a
country; ground; real estate; a region; inhabi-
tants of a country ; a nation or people.
LAND, v. t. To set or put on shore ; to disem-
bark.
LAND, v. t. To come on shore or go on shore from
a ship.
LAN'DAM-MAN, n. The chief magistrate of cer-
tain cantons in Switzerland, and also the presi-
dent of their Diet.
LAN'DAU, n. A four-wheeled carriage, whose top
may be thrown back.
LAND'ATJ-LET, n. A chariot opening at the top
like a landau.
LAND'ED, a. Having land; consisting in land.
LAND'F^LL, n. Land first seen as a vessel ap-
proaches ; sudden translation of property.
LAND'-FOECE, n. Military force serving on land.
LAND'GEAVE, n. A German count or prince.
LAND'HOLD-EE, n. The holder or proprietor of
land.
LAND'ING, n. Act or place of going on shore ; top
of a flight of stairs.
LAND'-JOB'BEE, n. One who speculates in land.
LAND'LA'DY, n. The mistress of an inn ; a woman
who has tenants holding under her.
LAND'LOCK, v. t. To enclose by land.
LAND'LO-PEE, ) n. One who has no settled
LAND'LOU-PEE, $ habitation; a vagrant.
LAND'LOED, TV. The lord or owner of land or
houses ; master of an inn or tavern.
LAND'LUB BEE, n. A term of reproach 'among
seamen for one who lives on land.
LAND'MAN, n. A man who lives or serves on
land.
LANDMARK, n. A mark of bounds to land; any
elevated object on land serving as a guide to sea-
men.
LAND' JF-FlCE, n. An office for the sale of land.
LAN 1 )'S-G APE, n. A prospect of a portion of land ;
a picture showing the form and scenery of a
country.
LANDSLIDE, ~) n. A
LAM D'SLIP, S a mountain
lect. Language (Latin lingua, the tongue) is
generic, denoting any mode of conveying ideas,
as the language of the deaf and dumb, &c. ; spetch
(lit., a shooting forth) is the language ofarticu-
late sounds ; tongue (lit., a shoot or extension) is
the Saxon term for the language of a particular
people, as the English tongue. Idiom denotes the
forms of construction peculiar to a language;
dialects are varieties of expression which spring up
in different parts of a country, or in different pro-
fessions, &c.
LANG'GUID (ISng'gwid), a. Indisposed to exer-
tion through feebleness or exhaustion ; without
animation or activity. SYN. Weak ; faint; feeble ;
dull.
I LANG'GUID-LY, ad. Faintly ; weakly ; slowly.
LANG'GUID-NESS, n. Weakness from exhaustion
I of strength; heavy, dragging movement. SYN.
Faintness ; feebleness ; dullness ; languor ; heavi-
ness ; slowness.
LANG'GUISH (lang'gwish), v. t. To lose strength
or animation ; to become spiritless, dull and in-
active ; to lose vegetating power ; to sink under
sorrow ; to look with softness or tenderness. SYN.
To pine ; wither ; fade ; droop ; faint.
LANG'GUISH-ING, a. Marked by pining or soft-
LAN S G'GUISH-ING-LY (lang'gwish-), ad. Weakly ;
meltingly.
LANG'GUISH-MENT (lang'gwish-). n. State of
pining ; softness of looks or mien.
LANG'GUOE (lang'gwor), n. Lassitude of body ;
exhaustion of strength. SYN. Feebleness; dull-
ness ; heaviness ; faintness.
LA'NI-A-EY, a. Lacerating or tearing.
, } a ' Bearin S or producing wool.
LANK, a. Loose, or yielding easily to pressure;
not lull and firm ; thin ; drooping.
LANK'NESS, n. A want of flesh ; thinness.
LAN'TEEN, n. A case or vessel for carrying a
light ; a dark lantern, may be closed so as to conceal
the light ; a light-house or light to direct ships ;
a little dome raised over the roof of a building to
give light, &c.
LA-NU'GI-NOUS,) a. Downy ; containing fine soft
LA-NU'GI-NOSE j hair.
LAN'YAED, TV. A short piece of rope for securing
or managing something in ships.
LA-O!'O-ON, n. In/abulous history, the priest of
Apollo or Neptune during the Trojan war.
LA-OD-I-CE'AN, a. Like the Christians of Lao-
dicea ; lukewarm in religion.
LA-OD-I-CE'AN-ISM, n. Lukewarmness in reli-
LAP, n.' The loose part of a coat ; the part of the
clothes that lies on the knees ; the knees ; that
part of one body which lies on and covers an-
other.
LAP, v. t. To be spread or laid ; to be turned over ;
to take up food or liquor by the tongue ; to feed
or drink by licking.
LAP, v. t. To wrap or lay over ; to lick up.
portion of land sliding down LAP'DOG, n. A little dog for the lap.
auntain; the sliding down of i LA-PEL', n. That part of a coat which la
writing, &c. ; a mode of conveying ideas by ar-
ticulate sounds; words duly arranged into sen-
tences exhibited to the eye ; the speech peculiar
to a nation. SYN. Speech ; tongue ; idiom ; dia-
a tract of land from a mountain. the facing.
LANDS'MAN, n. In seaman's language, a sailor on LAFFUL, n. As much as the lap will hold
board. a ship who has not been at sea before. ' T.X-p/T.rA.-pv -R^I^ ^ , Q w- ^f
LAND-TAX, n. A tax on land and houses.
LAND'WAED, ad. Toward land.
LANE, n. A narrow passage for travelling ; a pas-
sage between lines of people on each side.
LANG'GEAGE (Mng'graje), \ n. Pieces of old iron
LAN G/ GEEL (lang'grel), j shot for tearing sails
and rigging.
LANG-SYNE', ad. Long ago. Scottish.
LANG'GUAGE (lang'gwaje), n. Any manner of ex-
pressing thought, whether by signs, speech,
laps over
LAP'I-DA-EY, a. Belonging to the art of cutting
stones ; engraved upon stone.
LAP'I-DA-EY, TV. One who cuts and sells precious
stones ; a virtuoso skilled in gems.
LAP-I-DA'TION, TV. Act of stoning.
LA-PiD'E-OUS, a. Like stone; of the nature of
stone ; hard.
LAP-I-DES'CENCE, n. A hardening into a stony
substance ; a strong concretion.
LAP-I-DES'CENT, a. Hardening into stone.
LAP-I-DlF'ie, a. Forming into stone.
LA-PID-I-FI-A'TION, n. The operation of con-
verting into a stony substance.
LA-PlD'I-FY, v. i. or t. To turn into stono.
LAP'I-DIST. See LAPIDARY.
LAP
253
LAT
DdVB, WOLF, B99K; RfaE, BTTLZ, ; Vl"CIOUS.-
LATIS, n. In iatin, a stone ; used in various
compounds.
LAPTEE, n. One that folds; or laps with his
tongue.
LAPPET, n. Part of a garment hanging loose.
LAPS'A-BLE, o. That may fall or lapse.
LAPSE, v. t. Literally, to slip or glide ; hence, to
slip or commit a fault through inadvertence ; to
fall or deviate from rectitude ; to pass from one
proprietor to another through omission or negli-
LAPSE, n. A. slipping or gliding ; a failing in
duty ; a deviation from rectitude ; the passing
of pror^rty through omission or neglect.
LAP-SID'ED U 5 P-)j a - Having one side longer or
heavier than the other.
LAP'STGNE, n. A stone on which shoemakers
beat their leather in the lap.
LAPSUS LIN'GUJE (-Ung'gwa), n. [.] A slip of
the tongue.
LAP'WING, n. A hird of the plover kind] the
pewit.
LAE, n. ; pi. LA'BES. [L.] A household deity.
LAE'BOAED, n. The left-hand side of a ship.
LAE'CE-NY, n. Theft; the taking of goods or
other personal property feloniously.
LAECH, n. The common name of a species of fir.
very durable as wood.
LAED, n. The fat of swine, melted and separated,
from the flesh ; bacon.
LAED, v. i. To grow fat.
LAED, v. t. To stuff with pork ; to fatten ; to mix.
LAED'EE, 7i. A place where meat is kept.
LAED'-OIL, n. Oil obtained from lard.
LA'EES, n. pi. Eoman household deities.
LAEGE, a. Noting any thing above the common
size, number, &c. ; ot great bulk, capacity, amount,
&c. SYN. Bigj bulky; wide; copious; liberal;
ample ; populous ; diffusive, &c.
LAEGE'LY, ad. In an ample, liberal, bountiful
manner ; abundantly.
LAEGE'NESS, n. Great size, extent, number, capa-
city, &c. ; fullness in the degree or measure of
diffusion, &c. SYK. Bigness ; bulk ; magnitude ;
comprehension ; extent.
LAE'GESS, n. A gift ; present ; donative.
LAR-GHETTO (ghard),) [It.] In music, direct-
LAR'GO, > ing to a slow move-
ment.
LAE'I-AT, n. The lasso, a long rope or thong of
leather with a noose, for catching wild horses, &c.
LAEK, n. A small singing bird; a frolic of alow
kind.
LAEK, v. t. To catch larks; hence, to make sport;
to sport. [Vulgar.]
LAE'EUP, v. t. To beat or flog.
LAE'UM, n. A noise giving notice of danger. See
ALARM.
LAE'VA, n. ; pi. LARV'JE.) An insect in a caterpillar
LAEVE, n. ; pi. LARVKS. j" or grub state.
LAE'VA-TED, a. Clothed as with a mask.
LA.EYNli-lN, } Pertaining to the larynx.
LAE-YN-Gl'TIS, n. An inflammation of the larynx.
LAE'YNX, n. The upper part of the windpipe or
trachea, which modulates the voice.
LAS'-GAE, n. A campfollower ; native sailor or
artilleryman in India.
LAS-CIV'T-OUS, a. Having the character of or
promoting laciviousness.
LAS-C1VI-OUS-LY, ad.
After a loose, lustful
manner ; wantonly ; lewdly ; loosely.
LAS-CIV'I-OUS-NESS, n. The irregular indulgence
of animal desires ; tendency to excite lust and
promote indulgence ; wantonness ; looseness.
LASH, n. The thong of a whip ; a stroke with a
whip or anything pliant ; a stroke of satire that
cuts or gives pain.
LASH, v. t. To strike with a thong or whip; to
lash against, as waves ; to censxire ; to satirize ;
to bind fast.
LASH, v. i. To ply the whip ; to strike at.
c as K ; G as J s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LASS (6), n. A girl ; a young woman.
LAS'SI-TCDE, n. Weariness ; languor of the body
or mind.
LAS'SO, n. ; pi. LIs'sps. A rope or cord with a
noose, used for catching wild horses, &c.
LAST (6), a. Following all others ; having none
behind or beyond. SYN. Latest ; hindmost ; ulti-
mate ; final.
LAST, v. i. To continue or endure without perish-
ing.
LA!T ; LY } ad - In the last place or time *
LAST, n. A form to shape a shoe ; a certain load,
weight, or measure ; *000 Ibs. or more ; the bur-
den of a ship.
LAST'ING, a. Continuing long; that may con-
tinue long. SYN. Permanent ; durable. Lasting
is more commonly applied to things abstract,
which from their very nature endure, as a lasting
remembrance, effect, &c. ; permanent, chiefly to
things established and designed to remain un-
changed, as a permanent situation, a permanent
change, &c. ; durable, to material substances or
fabrics, so far as they resist agencies which tend
to destroy them, as a durable foundation, &c-
LAST'ING, 71. A smooth woollen cloth.
LAST'ING-LY, ad. With continuance; durably.
LATCH, n. A catch for a door.
LATCH, v. t. To fasten with a latch ; to fasten.
LATCH'ET, n. A fastening for a shoe.
LATE, o. Coming after the usual time ; slow; not
long past ; ad. far in the day or night ; unseason-
able.
LA- TEEN', a. A lateen sail is a triangular sail
extended by a long yard nearly perpendicular.
LATE'LY, ad. Not long ago.
LATE'NESS, n. A coming after the usual time ;
slowness ; time far advanced ; state of being out
of or after the time.
LA'TENT, a. Not visible or apparent. STN. Hid-
den ; secret; unseen; concealed.
LAT'EE-AL, a. Pertaining or belonging to the
side ; proceeding from the side.
LATEE-AL-LY, ad. On one side ; by the side ; in
the direction of the side.
LAT'EE-AN, n. One of the churches in Rome,
with the Pope's palace annexed to it.
LATH (6) , n. A narrow strip of wood to support
plaster.
LATH, v. t. To cover with laths.
LATHE, . A machine for turning.
LATH'EE, n. Froth of soap and water ; froth from
profuse sweat, as of a horse ; v. t. to spread with
lather.
LATH'EE, v. i. To form a foam, as of soap and
water; to become froth or frothy matter.
LATH'Y, a. Thin as a lath; slender and long;
weak.
LAT-I-eC)S'TA.TE, o. Broad-ribbed.
LAT-I-DENT'ATE, a. Broad-toothed,
LAT-I-FO'LI-OUS, o. Broad-leaved.
LAT'IN, a. Pertaining to the Eoman language ] n.
the ancient language of the Eomans.
L AT'IN-ISM, n. An idiom of the Latin tongue,
LAT'IN-IST, n. One well versed in Latin.
LA-TlN'I-TY, n. Purity of the Latin style or
idiom ; the Latin language.
LAT'IN-lZE, v. t. To turn or translate into Latin.
LATISH, a. Somewhat late.
LATI-TAT, n. [L., lie lurks.'] In law, a writ to sum-
mon one to appear who lies concealed.
LAT'I-TODE, n. Breadth ; room ; space ; distance
from the equator ; extent of meaning or construc-
tion ; extent of deviation from a settled point ;
freedom from fixed rules.
LAT-I-TO'DI-NAL, a. In the direction of latitude.
LAT-I-TtJ-DI-NA'EI-AN, n. One moderate in his
notions, or who departs from orthodoxy.
LAT-I-TU-DI-NA'EI-AN, a. Lax in views and feel-
LAT^-I-Ttr-DI-NA'EI-AN-ISM, n. Fredom of opi-
nion, especially in theology.
LAT
254
I, S, &c., long. X, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
LAT-I-TO'DI-NOUS, a. Having large extent.
LA'TEANT, a. Barking.
LA-TRI'A, 11. [I.] In the Roman Catholic Church,
the highest kind of worship, or that paid to God,
in distinction from dulia, or that paid to saints.
LAT'TEN, n. Iron plate covered with tin; for-
merly a kind of fine "brass.
LATTER, a. The last of two ; late ; modern.
LAT'TEE-LY, ad. In late times or ages ; lately.
LAT'TICE (lat/tis), ~) n. Work consisting of cross-
LAT'TICE-WOEK, $ bars; a window of such
work.
LAT'TICE, v. t. To form with cross bars or open
work ; to furnish with a lattice.
LAUD, n. Honourable mention; praise; com-
mendation; music.
LAUD, v. t. To praise; to celebrate in words
alone, or with words and singing.
LAULKA-BLE, a. Worthy of praise; commend-
able.
LAUD'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of deserving
praise.
LAUD'A-BLY, ad. So as to deserve praise.
LAU'DA-NUM (lod'a-num), n. Tincture of opium.
L AUD'A-TO-EY, a. Containing praise ; tending to
praise.
LAUD'A-TO-EY. n. That which contains praise.
LAUGH flaf), v.'i. To manifest mirth; to be gay ;
with at, to ridicule ; deride.
LAUGH, v. t. To ridicule or deride, with out, as to
laugh out of a place, &c.
LAUGH, n. A well-
-known expression of mirth.
LAUGH'A-BLE (lafa-bl), a. That may excite
laughter. SYN. Eidiculous ; comical ; droll ; lu-
dicrous, which see.
LAUGH'EE (lafer;, n. One who is fond of or gives
way to merriment.
LAUGH'ING, n. The act of laughter.
LAUGH'ING-LY, ad. With laughter.
LAUGH'ING-STOCE:, n. An object of ridicule.
LAUGH'TEE (liifter), n. Convulsive merriment;
an expression of mirth peculiar to mankind.
LAUNCH (lanch), v. t. To move or cause to slide
from the land to water.
LAUNCH, v. i. To go forth, as a ship into the
water ; hence, to expatiate.
LAUNCH (lanch), n. The sliding of a ship from
land to water ; a kind of boat.
LAUN'DEIl (ian'der), v. t. To wash; to wet.
LAUN'DEE-EB (lan'der-er), n. A man who fol-
lows the business of washing clothes.
LAUN'DEESS (lan'dress), n. A washerwoman.
LAUN'DEY (lan'dry), n. A place where clothes
are washed.
LAU'EE-ATE, o. Invested with a laurel; Poet
Laureate, in Great Britain, the royal or king's
poet.
LAU'EE-ATE, v, t. To honour with a degree
and laurel.
LAU'EE-^ATE-SHIP, n. Office of a laureate.
LA U'KEJU, n. The bay -tree, of several species.
LA'VA, n. Melted matter flowing from a volcano,
but hard when cool.
LA-VATION, n. A washing or cleansing.
LAVA-TO-EY, n. A placo for washing; a wash
for some diseased part.
LAVE, v. t. To wash ; to bathe.
LAVE, v. i. To bathe ; to wash one's self.
LA VEIN -DEE, n. An aromatic plant.
LA'VEE, n. A large basin for washing.
LAVISH, o. Expending or bestowing with pro-
fusion; liberal to a fault; unrestrained. SYN.
Prodigal; wasteful; profuse.
LAVISH, v. t. To scatter freely ; to expend prodi-
gally : to waste ; squander.
LA VISH-LY, ad. With wasteful profusion.
LAVISH -ME flT, \ n. The quality of profuseness
LAVISH-NESS, j or extravagance.
LAW, n. A rule of action or motion ; a rule of j
conduct established by competent authority. i
SYN. Statute ; common law ; regulation ; edict ; |
decree. Law is generic, and denotes, in this
LEA
; THfiRE, TiRM ; MARINE, BlRD ;
connection, whatever is commanded by one who
has a right to require obedience. A statute is a
particular law drawn out in form, and distinctly
enacted and proclaimed. Common law is a rule
of action founded on long usage and the decisions
of courts of justice. A regulation is a limited
and often temporary law, intended to secure some
particular end or object. An edict is a command
or law issued by a sovereign, and is peculiar to
a despotic government. A decree is a permanent
order either of a court or of the executive govern-
ment.
LAWFUL, a. Conformable to law ; legal.
L AWFUL-LY, ad. In accordance with law ; legally ;
without violating law.
i LAWFUL-NESS, n. Legality ; right by law.
L A W'-Gl V-EE, -) n. One who makes laws ; a legis-
LAW-MA-KEE, j lator.
LAWLESS, a. Not restrained by law ; disorderly;
unauthorized.
LAWLESS-LY, ad. Without the restraints of
I law.
L AW'LESS-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
unrestrained by law.
LAWN, n. A space of ground covered with grass,
usually around or in front of a mansion ; a spe-
cies of fine linen.
LAWN, a. Made of lawn.
L AWN'Y, a. Level as a lawn ; made of lawn.
LAWSUIT (-sute), 7i. A process in law to recover
a right.
LAW'YEE, n. One who practises law.
LAX, a. Loose ; vague ; slack.
LAX'A-TlVE, a. Having the quality of relieving
the bowels from costiveness.
LAX'A-TlVE, n. A medicine that loosens the con-
tents of the intestines ; a mild purgative.
LAX'I-TY, \n. Looseness ; slackness ; want of
LAX'NESS, f tension ; want of exactness ; open-
ness.
LAY (la), t). t. [prei. and pp. LAID.] To put; to
place ; to apply ; to spread out on the surface ; to
dispose in order ; to prepare ; to charge ; to wa-
ger; to calm.
LAY, v. i. To produce or bring forth eggs.
LAY (la^, n. A song; grassy ground; a wager; a
row ; a stratum.
LAY, a. Pertaining to the laity ; not clerical.
LAY'-BEOTH-EE, n. One of an order of monks,
but not in holy orders.
LAY'-GLEEK, n. A layman who officiates as clerk
in the Church.
LAY'EE (la'er), n. A stratum ; a bed ; a sprig laid
for growth ; a course, as of bricks, &c.
LAY'EE-ING, n. The propagation of plants by
growth.
LAY'-FiG-URE, \n. A figure of the human body,
LAY'MAN, J made of wood or cork, used by
artists.
LAY'MAN, n. A man not of the clerical order.
LA'ZAE, n. A person affected with nauseous or
pestilential disease.
LAZ-A-EET', ) n. A pest-house for diseased
LAZ-A-EETTO, > persons, or the purification of
goods from infected places^
LA'ZAE-HOUSE, n. A house for lazars.
LAZ-A-EO'NI, n. pi. In Italy, the poor who live by
begging.
LA'ZI-LY, ad. In a slothful manner.
LA'ZI-NESS, n. Indisposition to action or exer-
tion ; indolence ; slowness ; tardiness.
LA'ZY, a. Disinclined to action or exertion ;
heavy in motion ; moving slowly or with labour.
SYN. Slothful ; sluggish.
LEY* } ^' n ' * meadow > P lain lawn.
LEACH, v. t. To wash, as ashes, by percolation.
LEACH, n. Wood ashes washed by percolation of
water.
LEACH'-TOB. n. A vessel in which ashes are
leached.
LEAD (leed), n. Precedence; a going before.
LEA
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; R#LE,
255
LEG
VI"CIOTJS. f as K ; & as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LEAD (leed), . t. [pret. and pp. LED.] To go be-
fore; to guide; to conduct; to pass; to induce.
LEAD, v. i. To go before and show the way ; to
conduct ; to draw ; to exercise dominion.
LEAD (I6d), ?i. A bluish-gray soft metal; a plummet;
a thin plate of type-metal used to separate lines
in printing; a small cylinder of Muck
pencils. Leads, pi. a flat roof covered with lead.
LEAD (I5d), o. Like lead, as lead colour; made of
lead.
LEAD (led), v. t. To cover with lead ; to fit with
lead ; to separate, as lines, with leads.
LEAD'ED (led'ed), a. Fitted with lead; set with
lead ; separated by plates of lead, as lines in print-
LEAD'EN (l?d'dn), a. Consisting of lead ; dull.
LEAD'ER (leed'er), n. One who leads or conducts ;
a chief; the principal editorial article in a news-
paper.
LEAD'ING, a. That takes the lead ; principal ;
chief; most influential ; showing the way ; the
first.
LEAD'ING, n. Guidance; the act of directing;
direction.
LEAD'ING-STRlNGS, n. pi. Strings to lead chil-
dren when beginning to walk.
LEAF (leef), n. ; pi. LEAVES (leevz). Part of a
plant or flower ; part of a book and of a door ;
something resembling a leaf in thinness, as gold
; the movable side of a table.
LEAF, v. i. To put forth leaves.
LEAF'AGE, 11. Leaves collectively.
LEAF'-BRIDGE, u. A drawbridge having a lea" or
platform on each side.
LEAF-BOD, n. The rudiment of a young branch.
or a growing plant covered with rudimentary
leaves.
LEAF'I-NESS (leef-), n. A state of being full of
leaves.
LE AF'LESS (leef-) , a. Destitute of leaves.
LEAFLET (leef-), n. A small leaf; a foliole.
LEAFY (ieef-), n. Full of leaves ; thick.
LEAGUE (leeg), n. Alliance of states ; union for
mutual interest or friendship, &c. SYN. Alli-
ance ; confederacy ; coalition ; combination ;
compact.
LEAGUE, n. A distance of three miles in England
and America. In some countries more, in others
less.
LEAGUE (leeg), v. i. To unite in confederacy.
LEAG'UER (ieeg'er), n. A confederate.
LEAK (leek), n. A crack or hole that permits a
fluid to pass ; the oozing of a fluid through a cre-
vice or crack.
LEAK (leek), v. i. To let a fluid in or out through
a fissure or hole ; to escape.
LEAK/AGE, n. A leaking ; allowance for waste.
LEAKTf (leek'y), a- Letting a fluid in or out ; apt
to leak.
LEAN (leen), a. Wanting flesh or fat; not rich;
not fertile ; barren of thovight or that which im-
roves. SYN. Slender; sparse; thin; meagre;
ink ; n. the muscular part of flesh.
LEAN (leen), v. i. To incline ; to bend; to rest on;
to tend toward ; to be in a be'.: ding posture.
LKAN'NESS, n. Want of flesh ; thinness ; poor-
ness ; emptiness ; want of matter.
LEANTO, n. A low building whose roof slants
down from a higher one.
LEAP (leep), v. i. To spring or rise from the
ground ; to spring or move suddenly upward or
forward ; to jump or vault.
LEAP (leep), v.t. To pass over by springing or
jumping ; to copulate.
LEAP (leep), n. The act of leaping ; space passed
in leaping ; act of copulation by a male animal ;
a sudden transition.
LEAP'-FROG, 7i. A childish play.
LEAF-YEAR (leep'yeer), n. Every fourth year,
which has one day more than others ; bissextile.
LEARN (13), v. t. To gain or receive knowledge ; to
receive instruction.
LI1ARN, 0. t. To gain knowledge of, as to learn a
language; to acquire skill in. SYN. Teach. Learn
originally had the sense of teach, in accordance
with the analogy of the French and other langua-
ges, and hence we occasionally find it with this
sense in Shakspere and Spenser. This usage has
now passsed away. To I earn, is to receive, and to
tcac7i is to give instruction. He who is taught
learns, not he who teaches.
LEARN'ED, a. Versed in science and literature ;
skilful in arts ; containing learning.
LEARN'ED-LY, ad. With' erudition.
LEARN'ER, n. One who is acquiring knowledge.
LEARN'ING, n. Knowledge acquired by study,
experience, or observation. SYN. Erudition;
lore; scholarship ; science; letters; literature,
which see.
LEAS' A-BLE (leece'a-bl) , a. That may be leased.
LEASE (leece), n. A let; ing of land, &c., for hire ;
tenure by grant or permission; the writing or
contract for such lett ;
LEASE rieece), v. t. To lot for use by hire.
LEASE'HOLD, a. Held by lease, as a tenement;
71. a tenure held by lease.
LEAS'ER (leez'er), 11. One who gleans after
reapers.
LEASH (leesh), n. A thong of leather or long
line ; among sp07'tsmen, a brace and a half ; three.
LEAS'ING(leez'ing),7i. Lies; falsehood. [Obs.]
I. EAST, a. Smallest ; ad. in the smallest degree.
LEAIH'ER (leth'er), n. The skin or outward
covering of an animal dressed for use.
LEATH'ER (leth'er), a. Made of leather or con-
sisting of leather.
LEATH'ER-DRESS'ER (leth'er-), n. One who
dresses leather or prepares hides for use.
LEATH'ER N (leth'ern), a. Made of or like leather.
LEATH'ER-Y (leth'er-y), o. Resembling leather;
tough.
LEAVE (leev), n. Allowance; a concession by
which restraint or illegality is removed ; a part-
ing visit; farewell. SYN. Liberty; permission;
licence. Leave denotes that he who obtaiois it
may decide whether to use it or not ; liberiy, that
all obstructions in the way of his using it a re re-
moved and set aside. Permission implies a formal
consent given by one who had the right to refuse
it. Licence denotes that this consent extends to
a mode of acting for which special permission is
required. An orator asks leave to speak ; liberty
is granted him; he construes this permission into
a licence to abuse his opponents, and acts accord-
LEAVE, v. t. [pret. and pp. LEFT.] To withdraw
or depart from ; not to take or remove ; to aban-
don; to give by will; to intrust with, as a de-
posit; to refer for decision. SYN. To quit; for-
sake ; desist ; bequeath ; refer.
LEAVE, v. i. To cease from ; to desist.
LEAVED (leevd), a. Furnished with leaves ; made
with leaves or folds.
LEAVEN (lev'vn),n. A substance which possesses
the power of commencing fermentation in other
substances ; yeast ; any thing which makes a gene-
ral change in the mass.
LEAVEN, v. t. To raise and make light ; to taint ;
to imbue.
LEAVEN-ING (lev'vn-), a. That which leavens cr
makes light.
LEAVINGS (leev'ingz), n. pi. Things left ; offals ;
remains.
LECH'ER, 7i. A man given to lewdness.
LECH'ER-OUS, a. Lustful; given to lewdness.
LECH ER-OUS-LY, ad. In a k-wd, lascivious
manner.
LECH'ER-OUS-NESS, n. Propensity to indulge
the sexual appetite ; lewdness.
LECH'ER-Y, 7i. Free indulgence of lust; lewd-
ness.
LECTION, n. A reading ; difference in copies.
LE'TION-A-RY, n. Roman Catholic service-book.
LE-GT'CRE (lekt'yur), n. A discourse read or pro-
LEG
256
LEN
i, E, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
nounced on any subject ; a formal reproof ; re-
hearsal of a lesson.
LET'URE (lekt'yur), v. i. To read lectures ; to
deliver a formal discourse.
LE-GT'CRE, v. t. To instruct by discourses ; to in-
struct authoritatively ; to reprimand.
LECJT'OR-ER (I6kt'yur-er), n. A teacher by lec-
tures.
LET'ORE-SHIP, n. The office of a lecturer.
LE'TURN or L'TERN, n. A reading-desk in
churches, &c.
LEDGE, n. A layer ; a ridge ; a moulding on the
LEDG'ER, n. A chief book of accounts.
LEDG'ERS, 7i. pi. Pieces of timber used in scaffold-
ing, lying parallel to the wall.
LEE, n. The side opposite to the wind; a calm or
sheltered place from the wind.
LEE'-BOARD, n. A frame of plank affixed to the
side of a flat-bottomed vessel, to prevent it from
falling to the leeward when close-hauled.
LEECH, n. A blood-sucker ; a physician ; side
border of a sail.
LEECH, v. t. To heal ; to apply leeches for draw-
ing blood.
LEE'-LtJRCH, n. A sudden and violent roll of a
ship to the leeward in a high sea.
LEER, n. An oblique or arch look ; a sneering laugh.
LEER, v. i. To look obliquely, archly, or sneeringly.
LEER'ING-LY, a<J. With an arch look.
LEES (leez), n. pi. Dregs ; sediment of liquor.
LEE'-SHORE, n. The shore toward which the
wind blows.
LEE'-TIDE, n. A tide running with the wind.
LEE'WARD (colloquially, loo'ard), a. Pertaining
to the part toward which the wind blows ; ad.
toward the lee.
LEE'WAY, n. The lateral movement of a ship to
the leeward of her course.
LEFT, a. Opposite to the right , unlucky ; the
left bank of a river is that on the left of a person
descending it.
LEFT'-HAND-ED, o. Using the left hand more
easily than the right ; awkward j wanting in dex-
terity.
LEG, n. A limb which supports the body ; the long
and slender support of any thing, as of a table,
&c. ; side of a triangle ; a bow j act of obeisance.
LEG'A-CY, n. A bequest; a particular thing or
certain sum of money given by last will or testa-
ment.
LE'GAL, a. Done according to law ; pertaining to
law; created by law. STN. Lawful; constitu-
tional ; legitimate ; licit ; authorized.
LE'GAL-IST, n. One who relies for salvation on
the works of the law.
LE-GAL'I-TY, n. Conformity to law ; lawfulness ;
in theology, reliance on works for salvation.
LE'GAL-lZE, v. t. To make lawful ; to make con-
formable to law ; to authorize ; to sanction.
LE'GAL-LY, ad. In accordance with law; as per-
mitted by law.
LEG' ATE, ?i. An ambassador or envoy.
LEG-A-TEE', n. One who has a legacy.
LEG'ATE-SHIP, n. The office of a legate.
LEG'A-TINE, o. Belonging to a legate.
LE-GA'TION (-ga'shun), n. An embassy; a district
of the Roman States governed by a legate.
LE-GA'TO. [It.] In music, directs to a close,
smooth, gliding manner.
LEG-A-TOR', n. One who bequeaths a legacy.
LEG'-BAIL, n. To give leg-bail is to run away from
custody.
LE'GEND or LEG'END, n. An inscription; the
words encircling a coin ; a chronicle ; fable ; in-
credible narrative.
LEG'END-A-RY, a. Consisting of legends ; fabu-
lous; strange.
LEG'ER (led'jer) , n. That which lies by or at hand ;
the book into which accounts are carried. See
LEDGER.
LEG-ER-DE-MAIN', n. Sleight of hand ; a trick.
FALL, WH.J.T ; THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
LEG'ER-LINE, n. In music, a line added to the
staff of five lines.
L|G'GED (16gd or ISg'ged), a. Having legs.
LEG'GING, ) n ' A cover for tlie le S-
LEG-I-BlL'I-TY, ~>n. The quality or state of
LEG'I-BLE-NESS, j being legible.
LEG'I-BLE, a. That can bo read.
LEG'I-BLY, ad. So that it can be read ; plainly.
LE'GION (le'juu), n. A body of soldiers; a vast
number.
LE'GION-A-RY, a. Pertaining to legions.
LEG'IS-LATE, v. i. To make laws ; to enact.
LEG-IS-LA'TION, n. Act of making laws.
LEG'IS-LA-TlVE (led'jis-la-tiv), a. Law-giving;
passing laws ; suitable to laws; done by enacting.
LEG1S-LA-TOR (led'jis-la-tor), n. A lawgiver;
one who makes laws for a state or community.
LEG'IS-L AT-URE (led'jis-lat-yur) , n. The body that
makes laws.
LE-GlT'I-MA-CY, n. Lawfulness ; lawful birth.
LE-GlT'I-MATE, a. Born in lawful marriage ; real ;
following by natural or logical sequence.
LE-GlTT-MATE, v. t. To make lawful ; to render
legitimate.
LE-GlT'I-MATE-LY, ad. In a lawful manner;
genuinely.
LE-GIT-I-MA'TION, n. Act of making legitimate.
LEG'CTME, 7i. A seed-vessel of two valves; pulse.
LE-GC'MI-NOUS, a. Pertaining to or consisting
of pulse.
LEIS'URE (le'zhur or Igzh'ur), n. Freedom from
business or occupation ; vacant time ; sometimes
used adj'ectirely.
LEI'SURE-LY (le'zhur-ly or ISzh'ur-ly), ad. In a
deliberate manner ; slowly ; at leisure.
LEM'MA, n.; pi. LEM'MAS or L.M'MA-TA. A pre-
vious or assumed proposition.
LEM'ON, n. An acid fruit.
LEM-ON-ADE', n. A beverage of lemon-juice and
water sweetened with sugar.
LEWU-RES, n. pi. [L.] Ghosts; Madagascar mon-
keys.
LEND, v. t. [pret. and pp. LENT.] To grant on
condition of receiving the thing again, or an
equivalent ; to afford ; to furnish, as aid, &c. ; to
permit to use for another's benefit, as one's name
for a note.
LEND'A-BLE, a. That may be lent.
LEND'ER, 7i. One who lends, or makes a practice
of putting money to interest.
LEND'ING, n. The act of granting for temporary
use ; that which is lent.
LENGTH, 7i. Extent from end to end ; extension ;
a portion of space, time, or distance.
LENGTHEN (leng'thn), v. t. To make longer;
to extend in length ; to draw out or protract in
duration or in pronunciation.
LENGTHEN, v. i. To grow longer.
LENGTH'JBN-ING, n. Continuation ; protraction.
LENGTH'I-LY, ad. At great length or extent.
LENGTH'I-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
lengthy.
! LENGTH'WISE, ad. In direction of the length.
| LENGTH'Y, a. Somewhat long, as a discourse.
LE NI-EN-CY, 7i. Lenity.
LE'NI-ENT, a. Having or noting the quality oi
softness, gentleness, or mildness ; n. that which
softens ; an emollient.
LEN'I-TlVE, a. Assuasive ; easing ; softening.
LEN'I-TlVE, n. A soothing application.
LEN'I-TY, n. Mildness of temper or of treatment.
SYH. Gentleness ; kindness ; softness ; hu-
manity ; clemency ; mercy ; tenderness.
LENS (ISnz), 7i. ; pi LENS'ES (lenz'ez). A piece oi
glass or other transparent substance through
which rays of light passing are made to change
their direction, and to magnify or diminish ob-
jects ; the crystalline humour of the eye.
LENT, n. The time of fasting forty days. It be-
gins at Ash-Wednesday and continues till
Easter.
LEN
257
LEY
DOVE, W<?LF, BQOK ; RLE, BrLL ; vl"cious. e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LENTEN (len'tn), a. Eelating to Lent ; used in
Lent ; sparing.
LEN-TI'G-LAE, a. Resembling a lentil or lens.
LENTI-FOEM, a. Of the form of a lens.
IEN-TI'GO, n. [L.] A freckly eruption on tlie
skin.
LENTIL, n.
bean, used for
food, though inferior to it. [book.
L'EN'VOY, n. [Fr.1 A postscript introducing a
LE'O, n. [L.] The lion ; fifth sign of the zodaic.
LE'O-NINE, a. Having the qualities of a lion.
Applied also to verses having a word in the mid-
dle which rhymes with a word at the end. [_From
Leo X.]
LEOP'AED (lep'ard), n. A rapacious quadruped.
LEP'EE, n. One affected with leprosy.
LEP-I-DOP'TEE-A, n. Scaly winged insects, as the
butterfly.
LfiP'O-ElNE, o. Pertaining to the hare.
LEP'BOSY, n. A cutaneous disease, with dry,
white, scurfy scales.
LEP'EOUS, a. Affected with leprosy.
LEP'EOUS-NESS, 11. State of being leprous.
LE'sRION (le'zhuu), n. A hurt; wound; bruise.
LESS. A terminating syllable of nouns and adjec-
tives denoting destitution, as lifeless, &c.
LESS, a. co?np. Smaller; not so great; n. not so
much; an inferior. (Lesser is a double comparative,
and ought to be discarded).
LESS, ad. In a smaller degree.
LE8-SEE', n. One to whom a lease is made.
LESSEN (les'sn), v. t. To make less in bulk, size,
quantity, number, or amount ; to make less in
degree, state, or quality ; to bring down in dig-
nity ; v. i. to grow less in bulk, number, degree,
dignity, &c. SYN. To diminish; reduce; de-
crease ; subside ; impair ; weaken.
LES'SON (les'sn), n. A portion of a book learned,
or to be read or learned ; instruction.
LES'SOE, n. He who grants a lease.
LEST, con. That not ; for fear that.
LET, v. t. [pret. and pp. LET.] Literally, to leave ;
hence, to give leave; to permit; to suffer; to
lease. To let alone is to leave without intermeddl-
ing. To leave may also mean " allowing to re-
main in the way," and hence let formerly meant
>o hinder, to stop.
LET, n. A retarding ; hinderance ; delay ; impedi-
ment.
LETHAL, a. Having or noting a drowsy, deadly
quality ; heavy ; mortal.
LE-THAR'GI, a. Producing or pertaining to
lethargy.
LETH'AE-GY, n. Morbid drowsiness ; dullness.
LETHE, n. Forgetfulness ; a draft of oblivion.
LE-THE'AN, a. Inducing sleep or oblivion.
LE-THlF'EE-OUS, a. Promoting destruction;
deadly.
LfiTTEE, n. One who leases or lets ; a printing
type ; a mark or character ; an epistle; the verbal
expression or literal meaning.
LETTEE, v. t. To stamp with letters.
LETTERED pp. or a. Stamped with letters ;
versed in literature ; belonging to learning and
education.
LETTEE-FOHND'EE, n. One who casts types.
LETTEE-ING, n. The act of impressing letters ;
the letters impressed.
LfiTTEE-PEESS, n. Letters and words impressed
on paper by types.
LETTEES, n.pl. Learning ; literature. -
LETTING, n. The putting out on lease, as a farm ;
putting out work to b-' done by contract, &c.
LETTUCE (let'tis), n. A genus of plants, used as
salads.
LE'VANT, a. Eastern ; oriental.
LE-VANT', 71. The countries along the Mediter-
ranean, east of Italy.
LE-VANT'ER, n. A strong easterly wind in the
Mediterranean ; a term for one who runs away
from his bet in a horse-race; hence, one who
runs away disgracefully.
LE-VANTlNE or LEV'AN-TINE, a. Pertaining to
the Levant, or to a kind of silk cloth so named.
LEVEE, n. .Literally, time of rising ; hence, a
morning assembly of visitors, but often applied
in America to an evening assembly, as the Presi-
dent's levee; an embankment.
LEVEL, a. Even; smooth; plain; flat; equal in
rank or degree, &c.
LEVEL , v. t. To make even ; to reduce or bring to
the same height with something else ; to lay flat ;
to reduce to equality of condition ; to point in
taking aim.
LEVEL, n. A plain ; a flat surface ; equal state ;
line of direction in which a weapon is aimed ; in
mechanics, an instrument for drawing horizontal
lines ; rule, plan or scheme.
LEVEL-LEE, 7i. One who levels or destroys dis-
tinctions.
LEVEL-LING, n. The act of bringing unequal
surfaces to a level ; a reduction to an equality of
rank ; finding an exact level or horizontal line ;
the art of determining relative heights or differ-
ences of level in surveying.
LfiVEL-LING, a. Bringing to a level; tending to
reduce to an equality of rank.
iEVEL-NESS, n. Evenness ; equality of surface.
A mechanical power; a
LEVEL-NESS,
LETEE or LEVEE, n.
bar or beam.
LEVER-AGE, n. Mechanical advantage gained on
the principle of the lever.
LfiVEE-ET, n. A hare in its first year.
LE-VI'A-THAN, n. A large sea animal.
LEVI-GATE, v. t. To reduce to a fine powder ; to
make smooth ; to polish.
LEV-I-GATION, n. The act of reducing to a fine
impalpable powder, with a fluid.
LE'VITE, n. One of the tribe of Levi.
Pertaining to the Levites.
The third book of the Penta-
LE-V1T'I-AL, a.
LE-ViT'I-US, 7i.
teuch.
LEVI-TY, n. Literally, want of weight in a body;
want of due consideration or seriousness ; light-
ness. SYN. Volatility; flightiness. All these
words relate to outward conduct. Levity springs
from a lightness of mind which produces a disre-
gard of the proprieties of time and place ; volatility
is a degree of levity which causes the thoughts to
fly from one object to another, without resting on
any for a moment ; flightiness is volatility carried
to an extreme which often betrays its subjects
into gross impropriety or weakness.
LEVY, v, t. Literally, to raise ; hence, to raise by
collecting, as troops ; to raise by assessments, as
taxes ; to begin, as a war. SYN. To collect ; to
impose. To let;y tear is to begin war.
LEVY, n. Act of raising money or troops ; the
money or troops raised.
LEWD (lade), a. Given to the unlawful indul-
gence of lust ; proceeding from lust SYN. Lust-
ful ; licentious; sensual; unchaste; impure; las-
civious.
LEWD'LY (ludely), ad. Lustfully; wantonly.
LEWD'NESS, 71. Unlawful indulgence of lust ; in
Scripture, idolatry. SYN. Lasciviousness ; impu-
rity; un chastity; licentiousness.
LEX, 7i. [L.] Law, as lea; terra, law of the land, <fcc.
LEX'I-AL, o. Pertaining to a lexicon.
LEX-I-eOG'EA-PHER, n. The writer of a dic-
tionary.
LEX-I-eO-GEAPH'I, ") a. Pertaining to lexi-
LEX-I-eO-GEAPH'I-AL, j cography.
LEX-I-t)G'EA-PHY, n. The art or act of compos-
ing dictionaries or lexicons ; the composition or
compilation of a dictionary.
LEX-I-6L'O-GY, n. The science of words.
LEX'I-eON, n. A book containing an alphabetical
vocabulary of words, with their definitions; a
dictionary.
LEX-I-GEAPH'I, a. Representing by distinct
signs.
LEX-IG'RA-PHY, n. The art of defining words.
LE?. See LYB. 17
LEY
258
LIE
1, 1, Sec., long. I, i, &c., sTiorf. CARE, FAB, LAST,
LEY'DEN-JAE, ") n _,, . fn. A jar used to
LEY'DEN-PHI'AL, j W -)i ( accumulate elec
tricity, first used at Leyden.
LI'A-BLE, o. Exposed to something evil; bound
in law or equity; responsible. SYN. Subject.
liable denotes something external which may be
fall us ; subject refers to evils which arise from in
ternal constitution, and are likely to do so. Hence
the former applies more to what is accidental
the latter to things from which we often or inevit
ably suffer. Every one, from his temperament
is subject to certain diseases, while he is liable to
be attacked by many others.
LI'A-BLE-NESS, } n. A state of being liable ; re-
Ll-A-BlL'I-TY, J sponsibility ; exposedness;
tendency.
LPAI-SON (le'a-zong), n. [Fr.] Bond of union ;
illicit connection.
LI'AE, n. One who utters falsehood to deceive.
LI'AS, n. The group of layers between the oolite
and trias.
LI-BA'TION, n. An offering of wine ; the wine or
other liquor poured out in honour of a deity.
U'BEL, n. A defamatory writing; in law, a de-
claration or charge against a ship or goods for
violating the revenue laws.
LI'BEL, v. t. To defame by writing ; to institute a
suit in an admiralty court.
U'BEL, v. t. To spread defamation, written or
printed.
Ll'BEL-LANT, n. One who libels or brings a
libel.
LI'BEL-LEE, n. One who defames in writing.
LI'BEL-LOUS, a. Defamatory ; scandalous.
LIB'ER-AL, a. Having a large and free spirit ; not
contracted or mean ; ample ; not literal or unduly
strict, as a liberal construction ; embracing ele-
gant culture, as the liberal arts ; free to excess.
SYN. Generous. Liberal is free born, and generous
is high born. The former is opposed to the ordi-
nary feelings of a servile state, and implies large-
ness of spirit in giving, judging, acting, &c. The
latter expresses that nobleness of soul which is
peculiarly appropriate to those of high rank a
spirit that goes out of self, and finds its enjoy-
ment in consulting the feelings and happiness of
others. Generosity is measured by the extent of
the sacrifices it makes ; liberality by the warmth
of feeling which it manifests.
ilB'EE-AL, n. One who advocates greater free-
dom, especially in politics.
LlB'EE-AL-ISM, n. Liberal principles.
LIB-EE-AL'I-TY, n. Largeness of mind ; generous
conduct; candour.
LlB'EE-AL-lZE, v. t. To make liberal; to free
from narrow views.
LlB'EE-AL-LY, ad. Generously ; freely.
LlB'EE-ATE, v. t. To release from confinement.
LIB-EE-A'TION, n. A setting free from restraint.
LlB'EE-A-TOE, n. One who liberates.
LlB'EE-TlNE, n. A dissolute man; a freed man;
one free from restraint.
LlB'EE-TlNE, o. Licentious ; dissolute.
LIB'EE-TIN-I$M, n. Licentiousness of life.
LlB'EE-TY, n. Exemption from restraint or com-
pulsion ; a privilege or immunity. SYN. Free-
dom. These words, though often interchanged,
are distinct in some of their applications. Liberty
has reference to previous restraint, freedom to the
simple, spontaneous exercise of our powers. A
slave is set at liberty ; his master had always been
in a state of freedom. A prisoner under trial may
ask liberty [exemption from restraint] to speak
his sentiments with/reedom [the spontaneous and
bold utterance of his feelings]. The liberty of
the press is our great security for freedom of
thought.
Ll-BlD'I-NOUS, a. Eager for venereal pleasures.
SYN. Lustful; licentious; impure; sensual;
lecherous.
Ll-Blm-NOUS-LY, cd. Lustfully; in a lustful
manner.
FALL WHT ; THfiKE, TERM ; MARINE, BlBD ; MOVE,
Ll-BlD'I-NOUS-NESS, n. Inordinate desire for or
indulgence in venereal gratification.
LI'BRA,n. [L.] The balance; the seventh sign
of the zodiac.
LI-BEA'EI-AN, n. One who has charge of a
library.
Ll'BEA-EY, n. A collection of books ; an edifice
or apartment for a collection of books.
LI'BEATE, y. L or v. t. To move as a balance ; to
hold in poise ; to balance ; to swing.
LI-BEA'TION, n. Act of balancing; equipoise;
the apparent oscillatory motion of the moon,
which brings into view at one time small portions
of its surface not visible at another.
LI'BEA-TO-EY, a. Moving like a balance.
LI'CENCE, n. Authority given to do or forbear an
act ; excess of liberty ; freedom abused ; want of
decorum. (Frequently spelt License.)
LI'CENSE, v. t. To permit ; to grant leave ; to au-
thorize.
LI'CENSED, a. Permitted by authority.
LI'CENS-EE, n. One authorized to license.
LI'CENS-ING, n. The act of giving a licence.
LI-CEN'TIATE, n. One who has a licence to preach
or to practise medicine, &c.
LI-CEN TIOUS (li-sen'shus), a. Using freedom to
excess ; loose or impure in morals. SYN. Profli-
gate ; dissolute ; wanton ; loose ; immoral ; un-
governable.
Ll-CEN'TIOUS-LY, ad. Without due restraint ;
impurely.
Ll-CKN'TIOUS-NESS, n. Contempt of just re-
straint; impurity of life.
Ll'CHEN (li'ken O r lik'en), n. A plant ; rockmoss ;
a species of eruption or tetter.
LlCK, v. t. To touch with the tongue ; to lap ; to
flog.
LICK, n. A stroke or blow [Vulgar] ; a place where
beasts lick for salt at salt-springs.
LtCK'EE-ISH, a. Eager to enjoy ; nice ; lustful.
LlCK'-SPlT-TLE, n. A mean or abject flatterer.
Li-e'0-ElCE (lik'o-ris), n. A balsamic plant and its
root ; also its extract.
LlC'TOE, n. A Eoman officer ; a beadle.
LID, n. A cover for a pot, chest, &c. ; cover of the
eye, or eye-lid.
LIE, n. A false statement intended to deceive.
SYN. Untruth. A man may state what is untrue
from ignorance or misconception, but to say he
lies is to charge him with the highest dishonour ;
hence the word untruth is sometimes used as a
softened expression when we do not wish to make
the charge of lying in the grossest form.
LIE, y. i. To utter falsehood for the sake of de-
ceiving.
T .lE, y. i. [pret. LAY, pp. LAIN.] To be at rest in a
horizontal position ; to stay or remain ; to be sus-
tained in law, as an action will lie ; to be situated.
SYN. To lay. Lay is a transitive verb, and has
for its preterit laid, as " He told me to lay it down,
and I laid it down." Lie is intransitive, and has
for its preterit lay, as, "He told me to lie down,
and I lay down." Some persons blunder by using
laid for the preterit of lie, as, " He told me to lie
down, and I laid down." So persons often say,
" The ship laid at anchor," "they laid by during
the storm ;" " the book laid on the shelf," &c. It
is only necessary to remember, in all such cases,
that laid is the preterit of lay, and not of lie.
This would save many respectable writers from a
gross error which seems to be increasing among us.
IEF (leef), ad. With free consent; gladly; will-
ingly; freely.
IEGE (leej), n. A sovereign ; a vassal; a. bound by
a feudal tenure ; subject ; faithful.
LI'EN (le'en or li'en), n. A legal claim to property
to satisfy a debt.
LIE0 (lu).n. Stead; place; behalf.
.lEC-TEN'AN-CY, > n. The office of a lieuten.
jIEC-TEN' ANT-SHIP, f ant.
.JEtT-TEN'ANT (lu-, lev-, or lef-teVant), n. A de-
puty ; viceroy ; an officer next below a captain.
LIE
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; E*LE, BTTLI, ;
LIEVE, ad. Gladly. See LIEF.
LIFE, n. ; pi. LIVES. A state of being animated or
living ; energy ; spirit ; exact likeness ; history of
life ; happiness ; supreme felicity ; Author and
giver of lite and happiness ; quickening or animat-
ing moral principle.
LIFE'-BOAT (-bote) , n. A boat for preserving lives
in cases of ship disasters.
LIFE ES-TATE', n. An estate during one's life.
LlFE'-GlVING, a. Giving or having power to give
life.
LlFE'-GUARD, n. A prince's body-guard.
LIFE IN-SUR'ANCE, n. A contract for paying a
given sum. after a person's death.
LIFE'LESS, a. Void of life ; destitute of spirit.
STN. Dull; inanimate; dead. In a moral sense,
lifeless denotes a want of vital energy; inani-
mate a want of expression as to any feeling that
may be possessed; dull implies a torpor of soul
which checks all mental activity ; deud supposes
a destitution of feeling. A person is said to be
lifeless who has lost the spirits which he once
had; he is said to be inanimate when he is natur-
ally wanting in spirits ; one is chill from an origi-
nal deficiency of mental power ; he who is dead to
moral sentiment is wholly bereft of the highest
attribute of his nature.
LIFE'LESS-LY, ad. In a dull, spiritless manner.
LIFE'LESS-NESS, n. Dullness ; heaviness.
LIFE-PRE- SERVER, n. An apparatus for pre-
serving life in cases of shipwreck.
LlFE'SPRlNG, n. The source of life.
LIFETIME, n. The continuance of life.
LIFT, v. i. To try to raise ; to rise up, as the fog
lifted.
LIFT, v. t. To raise ; to elate ; to bear ; to exalt.
LIFT, n. Act of lifting; rise; elevation; lifts,
ropes descending from the masthead to the ex-
tremities of the yards for their support ; aid in
lifting, and hence assistance, as give us a lift ; a
dead lift is a lift at the utmost disadvantage, an
extreme emergency.
LIFTING, n. The act of raising.
LIG'A-MEXT, n. Anything that binds; a sub-
stance that unites bones ; bond; chain.
LIG-A-MENTAL, ") a. Belonging to or compos-
LIG-A-MENTOU3, j ing a ligament.
LI-GA'TION, n. Act of binding or state of being
bound ; confinement.
LlG'A-TURE, n. A slender bandage; that which
binds ; a double letter, as ff ; a curved line .* con-
necting notes in music.
LIGHT (lite), n. The agent or medium of vision ;
state when things are visible; any thing that
gives or procures light, as a candle, window, &c. ;
illustration; situation or point of view; know-
ledge ; joy.
LIGHT, a. Not heavy, burdensome, or difficult ;
and hence, not important; easy; active; gay;
trifling ; not dark or obscure ; bright ; and hence,
whitish, as a light colour.
LIGHT, v. t. To kindle or set fire to ; to illuminate,
often with up.
LIGHT, v. i. To dismount or descend; to light on,
to settle on, as a bird does ; also to fall on or
happen on. STN. To enkindle ; inflame ; irradi-
ate ; illumine ; brighten ; cheer ; enli ven.
LIGHT-ARMED (-armd), o. Armed with light
weapons.
LIGHTBRAIN, n. An empty-headed feUow.
LIGHTEN (li'tu), v. i. To flash with light ; v. t.
to make light ; to illuminate ; to make less bur-
densome; to alleviate. SYN. To lessen; facili-
tate; ease; disburden; free from; cheer.
LIGHTER, n. One that kindles; a boat for
lightening ships of their cargo.
LIGHTER-MAN", n. One who manages a lighter.
LIGHT-FING'GERED. a. Dextrous in thieving.
LIGHT-FQOT, \a. Nimble; swift of foot;
LIGHT-FWT-ED, ) active.
LIGHT-HEAD-ED, a. Delirious; thoughtless.
LIGHT-HORSE, n. Light-armed cavalry.
259
LIM
^ as K ; G as 3 ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LIGHT-HOUSE, n. A building with lights on tha
summit to direct seamen in navigating ships at
night.
LIGHT-lN'FANT-RY, n. Active troops employed
in rapid evolutions.
LIGHTLY, ad. With levity ; easily.
LIGHT-MIND-ED, a. Unsettled in mindj vola-
tile.
LIGHTNESS, n. State of being light ; want of
weight ; freedom from clumsiness ; want of fixity
or steadiness. STN. Brightness; inconstancy;
nimbleness; wantonness; ease; agility; fa-
cility; volatility; giddiness; instability.
LIGHTNING, n. A flash or discharge of electricity
in the sky.
LiGHTNING-BttG, n. A species of fire-fly.
LIGHTNING-ROD, n. A metallic conductor to
protect buildings from lightning.
LIGHTS, n. pi. Lungs; organs of breathing.
LIGHTSOME, a. Not dark; luminous; gay;
cheering.
LIG-NAL'OES, or LIGN-AL'OES, n. Aloes-wood.
LIG'NE-OUS, a. Wooden ; like wood.
LIG-NI-FI-GA'TION, . Act of turning into wood.
I - ! ( ! 'N I-FORM, a. Resembling wood.
LIG'NI-FY, v. t. or i. To convert into wood ; to
become wood.
LlG'NIN.n. The woody part of plants.
LIG'NITE, n. Fossil or bituminous wood.
LIG'NUM VI'TM, n. [Jr.] Pockwood ; guaiacum ; a
very hardwood, used for wheels, pulleys, axles,
&c.
LIKE, a. Noting resemblance or equality. STN.
Similar ; alike ; equal ; probable.
LIKE, n. That which is like or equal. " He Tiad
lilce to have done it" means he came very near
doing it (i. e., had the likelihood or probability).
LIKE, ad. In the same manner ; probably.
LIKE, v. t. To be pleased with; to approve; to
relish. It expresses less than delight.
LIKE, v. i. To be pleased; to choose.
LlKE'LI-HOOD, n. Appearance of truth or re-
ality; probability.
LlKE'LY, a. Appearing
having good qualities ;
ng true or real ; probable ;
i; ad. probably.
LlK'EN (ll'kn), v. t. To make like; to compare.
LlKE'NESS, n. Similarity in appearance or quali-
ties ; counterpart ; a picture, &c., resembling a
person or thing. SYN. Resemblance; parallel;
analogy; portrait; effigy; representation.
LlKE'WISE, ad. In like manner ; moreover. STN.
Also ; too. Likewise (like and wise) alway
fies (with greater or less obvioxisness) in f
Tier, Also (all and so) implies that what is thus
subjoined may be said with all] the same truth
and propriety as that which preceded. Too
(to) signifies that what follows may be added to
what was said before. Hence too gives a
and more familiar connection than also, ;<
wise a more marked one, as in the following sen-
tence : " I may add, too, that there were also
others present who likewise shared in the com-
mission of the act."
LlK'ING, n. Inclination; appetency; appearance
of health.
Ll'LA), 7i. A well-known flowering shrub.
LIL-I-A'CEOUS (-a'shus;, a. Like or pertaining to
a lily.
Li L'ID (M'id) , a. Embellished with lilies.
LIL-I-PC'TIAN, a. Belonging to Liliput ; diminu-
tive ; n. one belonging to Liliput ; a very small
person.
LtLTT, n. A beautiful flower of different colours.
LlMB (li'm), n. Literally, an extreme part or bor-
der ; hence, an extremity of the body ; the branch
of a tree, being a projecting part or extremity.
The moon's limb is its edge or border. STN.
Member. A member of the body is any part ca-
pable of performing a distinct office, as the eye,
ear, ic. ; a limb (as shown above) is one of the
extremities, and hence the term is restricted to the
legs and arms. So, in reference to public bodies
LIM 260 LTQ
1, fi, Ac., long. I, i, &c., short . ciRE, F"R, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MABhnc, BtRn ; MOV,
we speak of their members, though an attorney is
sometimes sportively called " a limb of the law."
LIMB (Urn), v. t. To supply with limbs ; to dis-
member.
LlM'BER, a. Easily bent ; supple ; pliable. _^
Outline ; feature ; form.
., ... Easily bent; supple, ?
LlM'BER, v. t. To attach to the limbers.
LlM'BER-NESS, n. Flexibility; pliancy.
LlM'BERS, n, pi. Two wheels and a shaft, with
which cannon are drawn by horses.
LIMB'LESS, a. Destitute of limbs.
LlM'BO, n. An imaginary place on the border
(limbus) of hell for the pious dead before the com-
ing of Christ, or for infants dying unbaptized; Mil-
ton's Paradise of Fools ; a place of restraint.
LIME, n. A substance (oxide of calcium) obtained
by burning limestone, shells, &c., used for mortar;
viscous matter, properly bird-lime; the linden-
tree; an acid fruit.
LIME, v. t. To manure with lime; to entangle
with bird-lime ; to cement.
LIME'-KILN (-kil), n. A kiln for burning lime.
LIME'-STONE, n. A. calcareous stone burned for
lime; carbonate of lime.
LlME'-WA-TER, n. Water impregnated withlime.
LlM'ING, n. The act of manuring with lime.
LlM'IT, n. Utmost extent; that which termi-
nates a thing ; restriction ; pi. the liberties of a
prison. STN. Boundary. A limit, from limes, a
landmark, is a prescribed termination ; a bound-
ary is something which binds or hems us in. The
former arises from the nature of the case, or from
some established restriction ; thus we speak of
the limits of the human understanding; a limited
monarchy, &c. The latter is a line (either real
or imaginary) which circumscribes and restrains,
as the oounoariea of an empire, of knowledge, &c.
" Providence," says Johnson, " has fixed the
limits of human enjoyment by immovable boun-
daries."
LtM'IT, v. t. To confine within bounds. SYN. To
circumscribe; restrain; restrict.
1.1 M'lT-A-BLE, a. That may be bounded.
LIM'l-TA-RY, a. Placed on the boundaries.
LIM-IT-A'TION, n. Act of bounding ; restriction.
LlM'IT-ED, o. Narrow; confined; restricted.
LiM'IT-LESS, a. Having no bounds or limits.
LlMN (lun), v. t. To draw or paint.
LlM'NER, n. A painter who works chiefly in
water-colours.
LlM'NING, n. Art of painting in water-colours.
LIMP, 7i. A halting walk ; act of limping.
LlMP, v. i. To walk lamely; to halt.
LIMP, o. Not stiff; flaccid. Limpsy is sometimes
used.
L1MFER, 7i. One that limps.
LlM'PET, 7i. A conical shell adhering to rocks.
LlM'PID, o. Characterised by clearness or trans-
parency. SYN. Clear; transparent; pellucid; lu-
cid ; pure ; crystal ; translucent.
LIM-PlD'I-TY, } n. The quality of purity ; clear-
Li M'PID-NESS, .) ness; transparency.
LlMP'ING-LY, ad. In a halting manner.
LIMP'SY, j
a. Not stiff ; flexible.
Containing or like lime ; viscous ; glu-
An iron pin to keep a wheel on
LIM'SY,
LIM'Y, a.
tinous.
LINCH'-PIN, n.
its axle.
LINE, n. Primarily, a slender string or cord ; hence,
a straight extended mark ; the exterior limit of a
figure ; a short note, as if composed of a single line
of writing ; the words or letters that stand on a
level in one row ; a row or rank of soldiers ; a ram-
part or extended work in fortification ; the equa-
torial circle, as to cross the line; a series of genera-
tions, as a noble line of ancestors ; the twelfth
part of an inch ; the business of a man, as " That
is in my line ;" the regular infantry of an army, as
the troops of the line.
LINE, v. t. To put inside ; to cover on the inside ;
to place alongside of, for the purpose of strength-
ening.
LIN'E-AGE, n. Family line or race, either ascend-
ing or descending ; genealogy.
LlN'E-AL, a. Being in a direct line; composed of
lines ; allied by direct descent ; hereditary.
LlN'E-AL-LY, ad. In a direct line.
LlN'E-A-MENT, n.
, fo. w*vuiiiQ | Auatuiu , lurui.
LIN'E-AR, a. Pertaining to a line; slender; of
the same breadth throughout except at the ends.
LIN-E-A'TION, n. Draught ; delineation.
LIN'EN, a. Made of flax or hemp ; resembling
linen cloth; n. cloth of flax or hemp ; an under
garment.
LlN'EN-DRA-PER, n. One who deals in linen.
LIN'ER, n. A vessel of a regular line of packets.
LING, 7i. A large sea-fish ; a long grass ; heath.
LlNG, a Saxon termination denoting state, condi-
tion, subject, and sometimes the young of ani-
mals.
LlN G 'GER (Img'ger), v. i. To remain or wait long ;
to be slow ; to be in doubt or slow to decide.
SYN. To delay ; loiter; lag ; tarry; stay; stop;
hesitate.
LlNQ'GER-ING (Hng'ger-), a. Protracted.
n. Act of loitering ; tardiness.
LlN G 'GER-ING-LY, ad. In a slow, tedious man-
ner ; slowly ; with delay.
LlNG'GOClin^'o-o), n. Language ; speech. [Fulgar.l
LlNG-GUA-DfiNT'AL (Img-gwa-), a. Formed by
the tongue and teeth.
LlNG'GUAL (Ung'gwai;, a.
tongue.
Pertaining to the
LlNG'GUI-FORM (ITng'gwe-), a. Formed like the
tongue.
LtNG'GUIST (ling'gwist), n.
languages.
A person skilled in
la. Pertaining 'o the sci-
, } ence or affinities of Ian-
LlN'I-MENT, n. A soft ointment; a balsam.
LlN'ING, n. The inner cover of a garment, &c.
LINK, n. Part of a chain ; part of a series ; a torch
of pitch.
LlNK, v. t. To connect by links ; to unite closely.
SYN. To join; connect; unite; complicate.
LlNK'-BOY, n. A boy who carries a torch. !
LIN-N^'AN, > a. Pertaining to Linnseus, the bot-
LIN-NE'AN, $ anist, or his system.
LlN'NET, 7i. A singing bird of the finch family.
LIN'SEED, > Flaxsppd
LlNT'SEED,j n ' Flax - seed -
LlN'SEED OIL, 7i. Oil obtained by pressure from
flax-seed.
LlN'SEY-WQQL'SEY, a. Made of linen and wool ;
hence, mean'; of unsuitable parts ; n. stuff made
of linen and woollen.
LlN'STOCK, n. A cannonier's staff for firing guns.
LlNT, n. Flax, but more generally soft scrapings
of linen, used for dressing wounds and sores.
LlN'TEL, 7i. The head-piece of a door or window-
frame.
Ll'ON, n. A fierce, rapacious quadruped; a sign in
the zodiac; an object of interest or curiosity.
Ll'ON-ESS, n. A female lion.
Ll'ON-lZE, v. t. To visit objects of curiosity in a
place; v. t. to make much of a distinguished
man.
LlP, n. The border of the mouth; edge.
LlP, v. t. To salute with the lips ; to kiss.
LlP'O-GRAM, n. A writing in which a particular
letter is wholly omitted.
Ll-POTH/Y-MY, n. A fainting ; a swoon.
LlP'PI-TtJDE, n. Soreness of eyes.
Ll-QUA'TION, n. Melting ; sweating out of a very
fusible metal from an alloy by a regulated heat.
LIQ-UE-FA1'TION (lik-we-fak'shun), 71. Process
of melting, or state of being melted.
LlOyUE-Fl-A-BLE (lik'we-), a. That may be melted.
LlQ'UE-Fr (lik'we-fy), v. t. To convert from a
solid form to that of a liquid ; to dissolve ; to
melt.
LlQ'UE-FY, v. t. To become liquid ; to be melted.
LI-QUES'CEN-CY, n. Aptness to melt.
LIQ 261 LIV
D6VE, WOT, BOQK; KflLE, B^LL ; Vl"CIOUS. -6 OS KJ 6 33 J J S BS Z ; CH OS SH ; THIS.
Becoming fluid ;
Ll-QUfiS'CENT (H-kwgs'sent), a.
melting.
LlQ'ULD (lik'wid), o. Fluid; flowing; not fixed
or solid; softj clear; smooth; pronounced with-
out any jar.
LlQ'UID (llk'wid), n. A fluid or flowing substance ;
a smooth letter, as I, m, n, r.
LlQ/UID-ATE (llk'wid-), v. t Literally, to make
liquid or smooth ; hence, to pay off, as debt ; to
settle or adjust, as accounts.
LIQ-UID-A'TION (llk-wid-), n. The act of adjust-
ing, as accounts, or of paying, as debts.
LIQ-UID'I-TY, \n. The quality of being liquid
LlQ'ULD-NESS, j or in a state to flow ; thinness ;
fluency.
LlQ'UOR (tik'ur), n. A liquid ; strong drink.
LIQ'UOR-ICE. See LICORICE.
LlQ'UOR-ISH. See LICKERISH.
LISP, v. i. To speak defectively, as th for s, &c.
LISP, v. t. To pronounce with a lisp.
LiSP, n. The act of lisping ; imperfect utterance,
as of ih for s, &c.
LlSP'ER, n. One that pronounces with a lisp.
LISPING, n. The act of speaking with a lisp.
LISP'ING-LY, ad. With a lisp.
LIST, v. t. To enrol for service ; to inclose for
combat ; to form a border ; to cover with list ;
v. i. to lean ; to enlist ; to hearken; to attend.
LlST, n. Originally, a long, narrow strip, as on the
outer edge of cloth ; hence, a roll or catalogue, as
a list of names, a list of books. In the plural, the
lids are the lines inclosing a field of combat.
SYN. Roll ; catalogue ; register ; inventory. A
list is properly a simple series of names, &c., in a
brief form, such as might naturally be entered
on a narrow strip of paper. A roll was originally
a list containing the names of persons belonging
to a public body (as Parliament, &c.), which was
rolled up and laid aside among its archives. A
catalogue is a list of persons or things arranged in
order, and usually containing some description of
the same, more or less extended. A register (lit.,
a setting down), is designed for record or preser-
vation. An inventory (lit., what is found) is a list
of articles, <fcc., found on hand in a stock of goods,
or in the estate of a deceased person, or under
similar circumstances.
LlST, , In the language of seamen, an inclination
to one side.
LlST#N (lis'sn), v. i. To hear closely or watch-
fully; to obey. SYN. To hearken; attend; give
ear; regard.
X-ER (lls'sn-er), n. One who listens.
LlST'EN-ING, n. The act of giving attention.
LlST'ER, 71. One who makes a list or roll.
LlST'LESS. a. Not attending; not interested.
SYN. Indifferent ; heedless ; careless ; thought-
less ; inattentive ; uninterested ; weary ; indo-
lent.
LlST'LESS-NESS, n. Indifference to what is pass-
ing or interesting.
LISTS, n. pi. Ground enclosed for a race, &c.
LlT'A-NY, n. A solemn form of supplication and
prayer.
LITER, ~> n. [Fr.] A French measure of capacity,
R, 5 about 2 1-9 wine ]>;
LlT'ER-AL, a. According to the letter; not figu-
rative ; closely following the exact words ; not
free, as a translation ; consisting of letters, as
notation.
LlT'ER-AL-I?M, n. Accordance with the letter.
LlTER-AL-LIST, n. One who adheres to the letter
or exact word.
LIT-ER-AL'I-TY, n.
LITER- AL-LY, ad.
Original.pr literal meaning.
With adherence to words.
LlT'ER-A-RY, a. Relating to learning and letters ;
derived from erudition; versed in letters; con-
sisting of letters.
LIT-ER-A'TI, n. pi. [L.I Men of learning.
LIT-ER-A'TIM, ad. [L.J Literally ; letter for letter.
LlTER-A-TORE, n. Acquaintance with books.
This word, in its widest sense, embraces all com-
positions except those on the positive sciences,
mathematics, &c. It is usually confined, how-
ever, to the ielles-lettres, or works of taste and
sentiment, as poetry, eloquence, history, &c., ex-
cluding abstract discussions and mere erudition.
SYN. Learning; erudition. A man of litera-
ture is one who is versed in the belles-lettres, as
described above ; a man of learning excels in
what is taught in the sc7iopls, and has a wide
extent of knowledge, especially in respect to
the past ; a man of erudition is one who is skilled
in the more recondite branches of learned in-
LlTH'ARGE, n. A semi-vitrified oxide of lead,
with a scaly appearance.
LITHE, a. That may be easily bent ; flexible.
LITHE'NESS, n. The quality of pliancy.
LITHE'SOME (lithe'sum), a. Pliant; limber. Set
LITHE.
LlTH'I, a. Pertaining to the stone in the blad-
der.
LlTH'O-GRAPII, v. t. To trace letters or figures
on stone, and transfer them to paper.
LlTH'O-GRAPH, n. A print from a drawing 011
stone.
Ll-THOG'RA-PHER, n. One who practises litho-
Lrrk-O-GRAPH'I, ^a. Pertaining to litho-'
LITH-O-GRAPH'ie-AL, ) graphy.
LITH-O-GRAPH'IC STONE, n. A magnesian lime-
stone used for lithography.
Ll-THOG'RA-PHY, n. Art of tracing letters or
figures on stone, and transferring them to paper
by impression.
Lt-THOL'0-GY, n. The natural history of stones,
especially of those found in the body.
LITH-0-LOG'I-AL, a. Noting the character of a
rock in respect to its mode of aggregation.}
LlTH'ON-TRIP-TOR, ") n. An instrument for tri-
LlTH'O-TRIP-TOR, $ turating the stone in
the bladder.
Ll-THOT'0-MIST, n. One who cuts for the
stone.
Ll-THOT'O-MY, n. The operation of cutting for
the stone in the bladder.
LlTH'O-TRIP-SY, n. The operation of triturating
the stone in the bladder.
Ll-THOTRI-TY, n. The operation of breaking the
stone in the bladder into small pieces.
LlT'I-GANT, n. One engaged in a lawsuit ; a. con-
testing in law.
LlT'I-GATE. v. t. To contest in law ; v. i. to dis-
pute by judicial process.
LIT-I-GA'TION, n. Contention in law.
Ll-TlG'IOUS (-d'jus), a. Inclined to lawsuits.
Li-TlG'IOUS-LY, ad. In a contentious manner.
Ll-TlG'IOUS-NESS, n. Disposition to eu.
lawsuits or judicial contests.
LlT'MUS, n. A blue pigment formed from archil,
a kind of lichen.
LlT'TER, v. t. To bring forth ; to scatter over with
scraps.
LlT'TER, n. Literally, a bed ; hence, a framework
with a bed for carrying the sick or wounded ;
straw, &c., as a bed for horses ; loose matter strew-
ed in a clean place ; a birth or brood of pigs, kit-
tens, &c.
LlT'TLE, a. Not large in size or extent; diminu-
tive; inconsiderable.
LlT'TLE, n. A small quantity or space ; any thing
unimporant.
LITTLE, ad. In a smal] degree ; not much.
LlT'TLE-NESS, n. The quality of or noting small-
ness.
LlTTO-RAL, a. Belonging to a shore.
Ll-TUR'GI-AL, a. Pertaining to a liturgy.
LlTUR-GY, n. A formulary of public prayers.
LIVE, r. i. To have a settled residence in any place ;
to abide ; to have the vital principle ; to pass the
time or the life in a particular manner, as to live
in ease ; to subsist, as to live on herbs ; to enjoy
life; to cohabit, as to lire u-iih.
LIV 262
A, t.&c., long. I, B, <fcc., short.- CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT;
LOG
, TERM; MARINE, BlRD; l5VE,
LIVE, v. t. To continue in constantly or habitually ;
to act in conformity with.
LIVE, a. Having lite ; containing fire ; vivid.
LIVE'LI-HQQD, n. The means of living. SYN.
Maintenance ; support ; subsistence ; sustenance.
LlVE'LI-NESS, n. State or quality of being lively;
vividness ; briskness. SYN. Gayety ; animation ;
vivacity. Liveliness is an habitual feeling of life
and interest ; gayety refers more to a temporary
excitement of the animal spirits ; animation implies
a warmth of emotion and a corresponding vivid-
ness of expressing it, awakened by the presence of
something which strongly affects the inind; viva-
city is a feeling between liveliness and animation,
having the permanency of the one, and, to some
extent, the warmth of the other.
LlVE'LONG (llvlong), a. Long in passing.
LlVE'LY, a. Characterized by life, vigour, ac-
tivity, and animation; representing life. SYN.
Vigorous ; quick ; smart ; spirited j energetic ;
vivid.
LlVE'LY, ad. Briskly; with strong resemblance
of life.
LlVE'-OAK, n. A species of oak, very durable,
used for ship-timber, &c.
LIVER, n. One who lives; the organ of the body
which secretes bile.
LlVER-I-ED (Uv'er-id), a. Wearing a livery.
LIVER-WORT, n. A plant of various kinds.
LlVER-Y, n. A delivery of possession ; a garb
for servants ; the collective body of livery-men.
LlVER-Y-MAN, n. One who wears a livery; a
freeman in London.
Ll VER-Y-STA-BLE, n. A stable where horses are
kept for hire.
LlVE'-STOCK, n. Cattle, horses, and other ani-
mals.
LlVID, a. Discoloured, as flesh, by a bruise ; black
and blue.
LIVID-NESS, n. A livid colour or state.
LIVING, ppr. Dwelling; existing.
LIVING, a. Continually flowing ; quickening ;
native or original ; solid, as a living rock.
LIVING, n. Means of subsistence ; a benefice ; he
or those who are alive, usually as a plural.
LIV-RAI-SON' (Uv-ra-zongO, a. [Fr.] A part or a
number of a book published serially.
LI'VRE (ll'vur or le'vur), n. [Fr.] A French money
of account formerly used, equal to 10 pence.
LIX-lVI-AL, -)a. Made from lye; impregnated
LIX-lVI-QUS, j with salts.
LIX-lVI-ATE, v. t. To impregnate with salts from
wood-ashes ; to form lye.
LIX-lVI-ATE, 1 a. Pertaining to lye ; of the
LIX-IVI-A-TED,) quality of alkaline salts ; im-
pregnated with salts of wood-ashes.
LIX-IV-I-A'TION, n. The process of extracting
alkaline salts from ashes, &c.
LIX-1VI-UM, n. A lye from ashes and water.
LlZ'ARD, n. A genus of p/mm-ola with a naked
body and four feet.
LLOYD'S, \a. A part of the Royal Ex-
LLOYD'S ROOMS,) change, London, devoted to
underwriters, insurance brokers, &c.
LO, ex. Look ! see ! behold ! observe !
LOAD (lode), n. That which is carried ; any thing
borne with pain or difficulty, or that oppresses.
SYN. Weight; burden; pressure; encum-
brance; freight; cargo; lading, &c.
LOAD (lode), v. t. [pret. LOADED; pp. LOADED,
LOADEN.] To burden ; to freight ; to charge ; to
encumber ; to bestow in abundance.
LOAD'ING, n. A cargo; charge; burden.
LOAD'STAR, 7 n. The star that leads ; the pole-
LODE'STAR, 5 star.
LOAD'STONE, n. The natural magnet, being an ore
of iron.
LOAF (lofe), n. ; pi. LOAVES. A quantity or mass
of bread; a mass or lump of sugar; any thick
mass.
LOAF'ER (lofer), n. [Ger. lau/en.] A low fellow
who lounges about with no settled employment.
LOAFING, a. Pertaining to and having the cb.u--
acter of a loafer.
LOAF'-SUG-AR, n. Sugar reuncd and form >d into
a conical in
LOAM, n. A rich, friable soil of clay and sand.
LOAM'Y (lo'my), a. Consisting of or like loam.
LOAN (lone), n. Act of lending; the thing lent;
something lent on condition of compensation for
its use.
LOAN (lone), v. t. To deliver to another for tempo-
rary use ; to lend for temporary use.
LOATH (loth), a. Having dislike or unwillingness ;
reluctant ; disliking. See LOTH.
LOATHE (lothe), v. t. To have great disgust for ;
to regard with extreme aversion. SYN. Abhor;
detest, which see.
LOATH'ER (16th'-), n. One that abhors.
LOATH'FUL (loth'-), a. Exciting abhorrence ; r.b-
horred ; hated.
LOATH'ING (loth'-), n. Extreme aversion or dis-
gust.
LOATH'ING-LY (loth'-), ad. With extreme dis-
gust.
LOATH'SOME (loth'sum), a. Exciting great dis-
gust. SYN. Offensive ; nasty ; nauseous ; disgust-
ing ; repulsive ; odious ; hateful ; sickening.
LOATH'SOME-NESS, n. Offensiveness ; quality of
exciting disgust or abhorrence.
LOAVES (lovz),7i. pi. of LOAF.
LO'BATE, )
LO'BA-TED, }- a. Consisting of lobes.
LOBED (lobd),)
LOB'BY, n. An opening before a room; a small
hall.
LOB'BY-MEM'BER, n. A person who frequents
LOBE, n. A part of the lungs and of the ear ; a
division of a simple leaf; a cotyledon.
LOB'LOL-LY, n. A kind of tree ; among seaman,
spoon-victuals. .Loblolly-boy, the surgeon's atten-
dant on shipboard.
LOB'SOUSE, n. With seamen, a hash of meat
with vegetables, &c.
LOB'STER, n. An esteemed crustaceous fish.
LOB'ULE (lob'yule), n. A small lobe.
LO / !AL, a. Pertaining or limited to a place.
LO'AL-I$M, n. The state of being local; that
which is confined to one locality.
LO-AL'I-TY, n. Existence in a place; limitation
to a place ; situation ; place ; position.
LO'AL-1ZE, v. t. To make local
LO'ATE, v . t. To place or set in a particular spot ;
to designate the place of.
LO-A'TION, n. The act of placing; situation;
that which is located, as a tract of land.
LOH (Anglice, lok, Scoftice, loch ch guttural), n.
A lake ; a bay or arm of tbe sea.
LOCK, n. Fastening for a door, &c. ; part of a gun ;
tuft or ringlet of hair; a small quantity of wool,
&c., hanging together ; works to confine water in
a canal ; a grapple in wrestling.
LOCK, v. t. To fasten with a lock ; to impede mo-
tion ; to confine ; to close fast ; to encircle or
embrace closely ; to furnish with locks, as a
canal ; to seize the sword-arm of an antagonist in
fencing.
LOCK, v. i. To become fast ; to unite closely.
LOCK' AGE, n. Materials for locks ; works for
locks ; toll on passing locks of a canal ; difference
in level of locks.
LOCK'ER, n. A drawer or close place.
LOCK'ET, n. An ornamental lock ; a catch ; a little
gold case, with hair or a miniature in it.
LOCK'JAW, n. A violent contraction of the mus-
cles of "the jaw, suspending its motion; trismus.
LOCK'SMITH, n. A maker of locks.
LO-'O-FO'O, n. Name of a friction match; an
iiltra-democrat, TJ.S.
LO--6O-MOTION, n. Act of changing place; the
power of moving from place to place.
LO-O-MO'TlVE, a. Having power to move ; mor
ing from place to place.
LOG
263
LOO
I ; RtLE, BT-LL J Vl"CIOUS. as K ; & OS J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
LO-CO-MOTlVE, n. A steam-engine placed on LOLL, v. i. To lean idly ; to lie at ease ; to let the
wheels and used on rail-roads. I tongue hang out ; v. t. to thrust out the tongue.
LO-0-MOT1VE-NESS,
LO-O-MO-TiV'I-TY, J,
The power of chang-
ing place.
LffCl'U -, n. [L.] A lieutenant] a deputy
or substitute.
LO'CUST, n. An insect very destructive to herb-
age ; a species of tree, also called locust-tree, valu
able as durable timber.
LODE, n. Among miners, a metallic vein; a cut or
reach of water.
LODE'STONE, n. [The original spelling.preferable
to load-stone.] The natural magnet, an ore of iron.
LODGE (loj), 71. A small house; a den; a cave for
sleeping ; a meeting of freemasons ; the place of
their meet
LODGE, v. t. To lay or deposit for keeping, &c
to place ; to settle in the heart, &c. ; to furnish
with a temporary abode ; to harbour ; to afford
place to ; to throw on ; to beat down and eu-
k', as grain.
K, r. i. To rest in a place or at night; to
dwell ; to fall and be entangled.
LODG'ER, n. One who lives at board or hires a
lodging at another's house ; one who resides in a
place for a time.
. Place of rest at night ; apartment.
JNI ENT. TJ. Act of lodging or placing ; perma-
nent foothold ; matter lodged.
LOFT (20), n. An elevated floor or room ; a story ;
a gallery raised within a church, &c.
LOFTI-LY, ad. In a lofty manner; highly;
proudly : sublimely.
LOFT'I-NESS, 11. Elevation in place, position, rank,
mien, diction, or sentiment. SYN. Height ; alti-
tude ; pride ; haughtiness ; dignity ; sublimity.
i", a. Elevated in place, condition, or char-
acter ; puffed up ; elevated in sentiment or dic-
tion, or in carriage and demeanour. SYN. Tall ;
exalted; high; proud; stately; sublime; ma-
jestic; haughty.
LOG, n. A heavy piece of unhewed wood ; a ma-
chine for measuring the rapidity of a ship's mo-
tion ; a Hebrew measure of liquids=J pint.
LOG-A-RlTH'MLe, }a. Pertaining to or con-
\-KlTH'MI-AL, j sisting of logarithms.
KITinis, 7i. pi. The exponents of a series
>wers and roots.
'.iK, 71. A book to record a ship's way,
copied from the log-boards.
LOG'GER-HEAD (-h&d), n. A blockhead ; a stupid
fellow; a spherical mass of iron; a species of
turtle.
6 (ISd'jik), n. The art of thinking and rea-
soning justly.
1 -AL, a. Pertaining to logic; used in logic;
skilled in lo<ric ; according to the rules of logic.
LOG'I-AL-LY, ad. By the rules of logic.
LO-(';I"CIAN (-jKsh'an), n. One versed in logic.
LOCK-LINE, 71. A line of about 150 fathoms to
measure a ship's way.
LO-GOM'A-eHIST (lo-gom'a-kist), n. One who
contends about words. [words.
LO-GOM'A-GHY (-gom'a-ky), n. Contention about
LOG'O-TYPE, n. A name given to two or more lc-t-
ters cast in one piece, as Jf, <e, &c.
LOG'-ROLL, v. t. To aid in rolling together logs
for burning. Hence log-rolling, in politics, is to
help each other. (.American).
LOGWOOD, An American tree used for dying.
LOIN, n. The reins ; the back of an animal.
LOITER, v. i. To be slow in moving ; to spend
time idly. STN. To lag ; linger ; saunter. Loiter
and lag have a bad sense, denoting that a person
is dilatory through laziness, or remains behind
while others are advancing. One i
lengthen out his time or stay from a r-
leave scenes which had been dear to him. To
saunter is the act of a mere idler, who moves
about carelessly with no definite end or object.
LOI'TEE-ER, 71. One who loiters ; an idle person.
LOITER-ING, n. A lingering or delay.
LOL'LI-POP, n. Sugar confectionery which" dis-
solves easily in the mouth.
LONE, a. Single; solitary; standing by itself j
unmarried.
LONE'LI-NESS, n. Solitariness; a being alone;
disposition to solitude.
LONE'LY, ad. At a distance from company, &c. ;
without society; addicted to solitude. SYN.
Lonesome ; sequestered ; secluded ; solitary ; re-
tired; unfrequented.
LONE'SOME (lone'sum), a. Solitary.
LONG (20), a. Not short; extended to a great
length ; tedious ; continued ; lingering.
LONG, ad. To a great extent in space or time ;
through the whole extent.
LONG, v. i. To desire earnestly or eagerly.
LONG-BOAT, n. The largest and strongest boat
belonging to a ship.
: (.lunje), n. A thurst with a sword. Se
LUNGE.
i:R (long'ger), a. More long or ext.
LONG'GEST (Wngfgest), a. Most long or extended.
LON G 'GEST, ad. For the greatest continuance of
time.
LON-6ETAL, a. Long lived ; living long.
LON-GfiV'I-TY, n. Length or duration of life
great length of life.
LONG'-HAD-ED (-hSd-ed), a. Having great ex-
tent of thought ; sagacious.
LON-GlM'E-TKY, n. The art or practice of mea-
suring distances or heights.
LONG'LNG, 7i. An earnest and continual desire.
SYN. Craving; hankering; yearning; coveting.
LONG'ING-LY, ad. With eager desire or wishes.
LOX-GIN'QUI-TY, n. Longdistance.
LON-GI-ROSTRAL, a. Having a long bill.
LONG'ISH, a. Somewhat long; moderately
long.
LON'GI-TCDE, n. Distance of any place on the
globe east or west from a given meridian ; length.
LON-GI-TC'DI-NAL, a. Being in the direction of
the length ; pertaining to longitude or length.
LON-Cil-TC'DI-NAL-LY, ad. In the direction of
the length.
LONG-PRlM'ER, n. A sort of printing type be-
tween small pica and bourgeois.
LONG'-SIGHT'ED (-sl'ted), a. Able to see a great
distance ; literally of the eyes, and ^iguratii'c/t/ of
the mind.
LONG'-SIGHT'ED-NESS, tu The faculty of seeing
objects at a great distance ; the defect of sight by
which remote objects may be clearly seen, but
near ones confusedly; penetration of mind or
; i lent.
LONG-SCF'FER-ANCE, n. Forbearance to punish.
LONG-SLT'FER-IXG, o. Bearing injuries pa-
tiently.
LONG-SCF'FER-ING, n. Long endurance; pa-
tience of offence.
LONG-WIND'ED, a. Tedious; prolix; long-
breathed.
LONG'WlSE, ad. In the direction of the length.
LOO, n. A game at cards ; v. t. to beat by winning
every trick in the game.
LOOK, v. i. To direct the eye; to examine ; to be-
hold ; to seek for ; to appear ; to have the sight
or view of; to have a particular direction ; to
face; v. t. to seek or search for; to influence by
looks or presence.
LOOK, n. Cast of countenance : the act of looking,
seeing, or watching. SYN. Sight; aspect; glance;
mien ; manner ; view ; appearance.
LOOK'ING-GLASS, n. A mirror that reflects im-
?es.
LOOK'OUT, n. A careful looking or watching for
any object or event ; a small tower with windows
for viewing the prospect.
DOM, n. A weaver's frame.
LOOM, v. i. To appear elevated or larger; to rise
and be eminent.
LOO
264
LOV
1, *, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
LOOM'ING, n. The indistinct and magnified ap-
pearance of objects seen in particular states of
the atmosphere.
LOON, n. A simple fellow ; an aquatic bird.
LOOP, n. A noose for a rope or string ; the part
of a row or block of cast iron melted off for the
forge or hammer.
LOOP'HOLE, n. A hole for a string ; means of
escape.
LOOSE, v. t. To untie ; to relax ; to release ; to
open ; v. i. to set sail ; to leave a port or harbour.
LOOSE, a. Unbound; not tight or close; lax;
wanton.
LOOSE'LY, ad. In a loose manner; negligently;
wantonly.
LOOS'-EN (loo'sn), v. t. To free from confinement ;
to relax ; to render less dense ; to remove costive-
ness ; v. i. to become loose.
LOOSENESS, n. Freedom from tightness ; laxity ;
irregularity ; habitual lewdness.
LOOSE'-STRIFE, n. Certain species of shrubs, as
I/ysimacTiia, &c.
LOP, P. t. To cut short; to cut off, as exuber-
ances ; to cut partly off, and bend down.
LOP, n. A branch cut off ; a flea.
LOPE, n. A long step ; leap.
LOPE, v. i. To leap or run with a long step.
LOP'PER, v. t. To turn sour and coagulate from
too long standing, as milk.
LOPPING, n. That which is cut off.
LOP'SlD-ED, a. Heavier on one side than the
other.
LO-QUA'CIOUS (lo-kwa'shus), o. Given to con-
tinual talking ; talkative ; garrulous, which see.
LO-QUA'CIOUS-NESS,">n. The habit or practice
LO-QUAC'I-TY, 5 of talking continually
or excessively. STN. Talkativeness ; garrulity ;
babbling.
LORD, n. God, the Supreme Ruler; a master;
husband ; tyrant ; baron ; the proprietor of a
manor ; nobleman ; a title of honour.
LORD, v. i. To domineer ; to rule haughtily.
LORD'LI-NESS, n. Haughtiness ; a domineering ;
pride ; dignity ; high station.
LORD'LING, n. A petty or little lord.
LORD'LY, a. Becoming a lord ; pertaining to a
lord; with pride and arrogance. STN. Proud;
haughty ; imperious ; overbearing ; despotic ;
domineering; arrogant; insolent.
LORD'LY, ad. In a proud, imperious manner.
LORD'SHIP, TV. The state or quality of being a
lord; a title given to a lord; dominion, power,
&c. ; domain ; a manor.
LORE,
f n. Learning; doctrine; instruction; the
space between the bill and the eye of a bird.
LORG-NETTE' (lorn-yef), n. A small magnifying
glass ; an opera-glass.
LOR-I'CA,n. [L.] A kind of cuirass.
LOR'I-ATE, v. t. To plate or cover over.
LOR-I-GA'TION, n. A covering with plate, &c.
LO'RI-OT, n. The golden oriole.
LORN, o, Lonely ; forsaken ; forlorn.
LO'RY, n. A kind of parrot.
LOSE (looz), v.t. [pretandpp. LOST.] To suffer loss;
to fall ; to miss ; to let slip ; to forfeit ; to be-
wilder ; to allow any thing to vanish from sight ;
to waste, &c. ; v. i. to forfeit anything in contest ;
to decline.
LOS'EL (ISz'el), n. A wasteful, worthless fellow.
LOS'ER (looz'er), n. One who loses or has suffered
loss.
LOS'ING-LY, ad. In a losing manner.
LOSS (20), n. Deprivation of what was once pos-
sessed ; complete destruction or ruin ; useless ap-
plication, &c. STN. Privation ; ruin ; detriment ;
defeat ; injury ; damage ; disadvantage ; waste.
LOT, n. Literally, that which falls to us as our
alloted portion or state ; fortune ; chance ; a die
or other means of determining a chance ; a parcel,
because originally assigned by lot ; pi. lots, great
quantities. STN. Destiny; fate; doom; allot-
ment; dividend; contingent.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TEEM; MAK!NE, B!KD ; MOVR,
LOT, v. t. To appoint a share or portion ; to dis-
tribute; to assign.
LOTH, a. Unwilling ; not inclined ; reluctant.
LO'TlON, n. A washing ; a medicinal wash ; in
pharmacy, a preparation of medicines by washing
them to remove impurities, &c.
LOT'TER-Y, n. A scheme for the distribution of
prizes by chance.
LO'TUS, n. A leguminous plant of several species,
particularly the water-lily of Egypt and India.
LOUD, a. Having a great sound ; high-sounding ;
making a great noise or clamour ; emphatical, as
loud appeal. STN. Noisy; boisterous; vociferous;
clamorous; tumultuous; turbulent; bluster-
ing; vehement.
LOUD'LY, ad. In a noisy, clamorous manner.
LOUD'NESS, n. A great sound or noise.
LOUGH (luk), n. A lake or arm of the sea.
LOU'IS D'OR (loo'e dor), n. [Fr.] A French gold
coin equal to twenty shillings.
LOUNGE, r. i. To spend time lazily ; to recline at
ease ; to loll : to loiter.
LOUNGE, n. An idle gait or stroll ; the act of re-
clining at ease ; a place for lounging ; a kind of
settee or couch.
LOUNG'ER, n. A loiterer ; a lazy person.
LOUSE, n.; pi. LICE. An insect that infests the
bodies of men, animals, and plants. [lice.
LOUS'I-NESS (lou'ze-ness), n. An abounding with
LOUS' Y (lou'zy), a. Swarming with lice ; mean ;
dirty.
LOUT, n. A low, awkward fellow.
LOUT'ISH, a. Being clownish ; clumsy ; awkward.
LOU'VER, n. An opening in the roofs of ancient
buildings ; louver boards are so arranged as to ex-
clude rain, but permit the passage of sounds.
LOV'A-BLE (liiv'a-bl), a. That may be loved;
worthy of love ; amiable.
LOVE (luv), <u. t. To regard with affection; to
have benevolence or good will for.
LOVE (luv), n. Literally, reaching; hence, a
reaching forth of the mind after some object with
a desire to possess and enjoy it, as money, power,
friends, &c. ; desire for the happiness of others
(love of be?iefolence) ; delight in what is excellent
in character (love of complacency); object be-
loved; a term of endearment; an imaginary
deity. STN. Affection; attachment; fondness;
yearning.
LOVE'-AP-PLE. See TOMATO.
LOVE'-FA-VOUR, 7i. Something given to be worn
as a token of love.
LOVE'-FEAST (luv'feest), n. A religious festival
held quarterly by the Methodists.
LOVE'-KNOT (Ittv'not), n. A knot emblematical of
LOVE'-LET-TER (luv'-), n. A letter of courtship.
LOVE'LI-NESS (hlv'-), n. The qualities of body
or mind that excite love ; amiableness.
LOVE'-LOCK (luv'-), n. A term for a particular
kind of curl of the hair.
LOVE'-LORN (luv'-), a. Forsaken by on e's lover.
LOVE'LY (liiv'-), a. Suited to inspire "ove; wor-
thy of love. STN. Amiable ; pleasing ; charming;
delightful ; enchanting.
LOVER (luv'-), n. One who delights in any thing;
one who is in love. STN. Admirer; follower;
suitor ; wooer ; adorer ; sweetheart ; flame ; par-
amour.
LOVE'-SICK, a. Languishing with amorous de-
sire.
LOVE'-SUIT (luv'-), n. Solicitation in marriage.
LOVE'-TOK-EN (Iuv'-t6-kn),'n. A present in token
of love.
LOVING, a. Expressing love or kindness ; enter-
taining strong affection for. STN. Fond ; kind ;
affectionate ; tender ; amorous.
LOVING-KIND'NESS (luv'-), n. Tender regard;
mercy; favour.
LOVING-LY (luv'-), ad. Fondly; with affection.
LOVING-NESS (luv'-), n. Affectionate tender*
LOW
2G-5
LUM
J)6VB, W<?LF, BQOK; R^LK, Byi-L ; Vl"CIOUS.-
I/W (16), a. Deep; weak; poor; mean; cheap.
Lo W (15), ad. With a low voice ; meanly ; cheaply ;
in a state of subjection, poverty, or disgrace.
J.o W (lou or 15), v. t. To bellow, as an ox or cow .
LOW-BRED, a. Bred in low condition; vulgar ;
gross; rude.
LOWER (16'er), v. t. To cause to descend; to let
down; to suffer to sink; to bring down in rank,
feelings, or in value ; v. i. to fall ; to sink ; to
grow less. SYN. To reduce; lessen; diminish;
humble ; degrade ; abase ; cheapen.
LOWER (iou'er), n. Cloudiness; gloominess;
frowning; sullenuess.
LOWER (Iou'er), v. i. To appear dark, gloomy,
and threatening ; to frown.
LOW'ER-ASE (16'er-), n. Among printers, the
case which contains the small letters ; hence, the
small letters.
LOWER-ING-LY (Iou'er-), ad. Cloudily; gloomily.
\' ER-MOST, a. Lowest ; being under all.
LOW'ER-Y (Iou'er-), a. Cloudy; threatening rain.
LOWING (lou'- or 16'-) , n. The bellowing or cry of
cattle.
LOW'-LAND (16'-), n. Land low and flat; some-
times it denotes a marsh.
LOW'LI-NESS (.16'-), n. Freedom from pride;
humbleness.
LOWLY (loly), o. Having a low esteem of
one's own worth ; free from pride ; wanting dig-
nity or rank ; not lofty. SYN. Humble ; meek ;
modest.
LOWLY (loly;, ad. Not highly; humbly ; meekly.
LOW-MIND-ED, a. Having debased feeling;
base; mean.
LOWNESS (lo'-), n. Want of elevation ; a state of
poverty ; depression in fortune, price, or worth ;
graveness or softness of sound, &c. STY. Mean-
ness : baseness ; vileness.
LOW-PRfiSS-URE, a. Denoting a steam-engine
which uses low steam or a condenser.
LOW-SPlR-IT-ED, a. Void of spirit; cast down.
LOW-WA-TER, 71. The lowest point of the ebb or
receding tide.
LOW-WINES (15'-), n. pi. The first run of the
still.
LOX-0-DROM're, o. Pertaining to oblique sailing
by the rhomb.
LOX-O-DROM'IS, n. pi. The act of oblique sail-
ing by the rhomb.
LOY'AL, a. Faithful to a sovereign or superior;
true to one's duty. SYN. Devoted; attached;
obedient ; trustworthy.
LOY'AL-IST, n. One faithful to his kin?.
LOY'AL-LY, ad. With fidelity to the king, or to
a husband or lover ; faithfully.
LOY'AL-TY, n. Fidelity to a king or consort.
LOZ'ENGE, n. A quadrilateral figure having acute
angles at top and bottom, and obtuse ones on the
sides, formerly called a diamond ; hence brilliants
in this shape ; hence, also, a piece of confection-
ery originally in this shape, but now commonly
round ; the shield on which the arms of maids, ,
widows, or deceased persons are borne ; a rhom- !
bus.
LUB'BER, n. A lazy, sturdy fellow ; a clown.
LUB'BER-LY, a. Bulky and lazy ; clumsy.
LU'BRI!, a. Having a smooth surface ; wavering.
LC'BRI-GANT, n. That which makes slippery.
LO'BRI-ATE, v. t. To make slippery or smooth.
LU-BRIC'I-TY (lu-brts'e-ty), n. The quality of
smoothness; slipperiness ; propensity to lewd-
ness.
LC'BRI-eOUS, a. Slippery ; wavering ; wanton.
LU-BRI-FATION, } n. Act of lubricating or
LU-BRI-FI-A'TION, 5 making smooth.
LO'CENT, o. Having brightness ; shining ; bright ;
lucid.
LU'CERN, n. A plant, a species of trefoil, culti-
vated for fodder.
LU-CER'NAL, o. Pertaining to a lamp or lantern.
LO'CID (28), o. Literally, shining with light; j
hence, perspicuous, as a lucid statement ; not I
c as K ; 6 as J ; t&sz; CH as SH ; THIS.
darkened by delirium, as a lucid interval. SYS.
Bright ; clear ; transparent ; luminous, which see.
LfJ'CID-NESS, n. Brightness ; clearness.
LO'CI-FER, ii. The planet Venus, as the morning-
st.ir ; Satan.
LO'CI-FER, ) n. A match tipped v.-irli
LO'CI-FER-MATCHJ some combustible sub-
I stance, as phosphorus, &c., ignited by friction.
I LU-CiF'ER-OUS, } a. Affording light ; giving
LU-ClF'I!, 5 light.
LO'CI-FORM (lu'se-), a. Having the form or na-
ture of light.
LUCK, n. That which happens to a person; an
event, good or ill, affecting' one's interest or hap-
piness, improperly deemed casual. SYN. Chance ;
accident; hap; fortune.
LUCK'I-LY, ad. By pood chance; fortunately.
LUCK'LESS, a. Unfortunate; having ill success ;
unhappy ; producing ill, or no good.
LUCK'Y, o. Meeting with good success ; produc-
ing good by chance. SYN. Fortunate; successful;
favourable ; prosperous ; auspicious.
LU'RA-TIVE, a. Profitable; gainful.
LO'RE (lu'ker), n. Gain in money or goods; pro-
fit; advantage; emolument.
LU'U-BRATE, v. i. To study by candle-light or
by night.
,U-U-BRATION, n.
LU-U-BRA'TION, n. Study by the lamp ; noc-
turnal study; composition by lamp-light or iu
retirement.
LU'U-LENT, a. Clear ; bright ; certain ; luminous.
LU'DI-ROUS, a. Adapted to excite laughter.
SYN. Laughable; ridiculous. We speak of a
thing as ludicrous when it tends to produce laugh-
ter ; as laughable when the impression is stronger,
resulting in a hearty laugh; as ridiculous when
contempt is more or less mingled with the merri-
ment created. His stories were highly ludicrous,
representing some of his friends in a laughable,
and some in a ridiculous point of view.
LU'DI-ROUS-LY, ad. Sportively ; in burlesque,
i LU'DI-ROUS-NESS, n. The quality of exciting
laughter without contempt.
LU'ES (lu'ezj, n. Poison; pestilence; disease.
LUFF, . Weather-gasre, or part toward the wind;
or the sailing of a ship close to the wind.
LUFF, v. i. To turn the head of ship toward the
wind ; to sail nearer the wind.
LUG, v. t. To pull or carry with labour.
LUG, n. A heavy load ; a small fish ; sea-worm.
LOG'GAGE, n. Baggage ; a traveller's trunks ; pack-
ages, &c. ; that which is cumbersome.
LUG'GER, n. A vessel with three masts and lug-
sails with a running bowsprit.
LOG'-SAlL, n. A square sail, whose yard lumgs
obliauely to the mast, as in boats.
LU-GU'BRI-OUS, a. Mournful; sorrowful.
LUKE' WARM, o. Moderately warm; not zealous.
SYN. Tepid; cool; indifferent.
LUKE'WARM-LY, ad. With indifference.
LUKE'WARM-N ESS, n. A mild or moderate heat ;
want of zeal; indifference; coldness.
LULL, v. t. To put to rest ; to compose to sleep.
LULL, v. t. To subside ; to cease ; to become calm.
LULL, n. Power of soothing ; a season of calm, &c.
LULL'A-BY, n. A song to quiet infants; that
which quiets or composes-
LUM, n. The chimney of a cottage.
LUM-BAG'I-NOUS (-baj'e-nus), a. Pertaining to
lumbago.
LUM-BA'GO, n. Arheumatic affection of the muscles
about the loins.
LUM'BAR, a. Pertaining to the loins.
LUM'BER, n. Useless furniture ; sawed or split
timber.
LUM'BER, v. t. To heap carelessly together ; to
fill with lumber, &c. ; v. i. to move heavily; to
cut lumber in the forest and forward it to market.
LUM'BER-ER, ) n. One engaged in getting
LUM'BER-MAN, j lumber from the forest.
LUM'BEIMNG, n. The act or employment of get-
ting out lumber.
LUM
266
LTJX
1, , &c., long. I, fi, <fce., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
LUM'BER-ROOM, n. A place for things of little
value.
LUM'BRKJ, n. A worm.
LUM'BRI-AL, a. Resembling a worm.
LU'Ml-NA-RY, n. Any orb or body that gives light
any one who illustrates a subject or enlightens
mankind.
LU-MI-NIF'ER-OUS, o. Affording lijrht.
LU-MI-NOS'I-TY, } n. The quality of being
LU'MI-NOUS-NESS,/ bright or clear; perspi-
cuity.
LU'MI-NOUS, a. Emitting light ; fuU of light ; re
fulgent ; shining. SYN. Lucid. A thing is lucid
(from lux, lucis) when pervaded by light, as a
lucid stream; it is luminous (from lumen, luminis)
when it sends forth light to surrounding objects,
as a luminous body. Hence, we speak of an argu-
ment as lucid when it is remarkably clear, and as
luminous when it pours upon a subject the mingled
light of reasoning and illustration.
LU'MI-NOUS-LY, ad. With brightness or clear-
ness ; perspicuously ; lucidly.
LUMP, n. A mass of matter; a cluster; in the
lump, the whole together ; in gross.
LUMP, v. t. To throw into a mass; to unite or
take in the gross.
LUMPING, a. Heavy ; in a mass or lump.
LtTMP'ISH, a. Heavy ; dull ; like a lump.
LUMP'ISH-LY, ad. In a heavy manner ; heavily ;
stupidly.
LUMP'ISH-NESS, n. The quality of heaviness ;
dulness.
LUMP'Y, o. Abounding with lumps.
LU'NA-CY, n. Derangement once supposed to be
affected by the moon; madness in general. SYN.
Insanity ; mania ; craziness ; derangement.
LU'NAR, ) a. Pertaining to the moon ; measured
LU'NA-RY, f by the moon ; resembling the moon.
LU'NAR -CAUSTIC, n. Fused nitrate of silver.
LU'NAR CY'-GLE, n. The period after which the
new moons return on the same days of the year.
LU-NA'RI-AN, n. An inhabitant of the moon.
LU'NAR MONTH (-munth), n. The time in which
the moon completes a revolution about the earth.
LU'NAR YEAR, n. The period of 12 lunar months
or about 354| days.
LU'NA-TED, o. Formed like a half moon.
LU'NA-TLG, a. Affected by a species of insanity.
LU'NA-TLG, n. A person whose insanity was sup-
posed to be influenced by the moon ; a madman.
LU-NA'TION, n. A revolution of the moon.
LUNCH, n. A slight repast between breakfast and
dinner ; an eating-house.
XUNCH, v. i. To take a lunch.
LUNCH'EON (lunch'un) , n. A portion of food taken
at any time between meals.
LUNE, n. Anything in shape of a half moon ; a
leash.
LU-N T', n. A little moon or satellite.
LU-NETTE', n. The name of small works on each
side of a ravelin to strengthen it ; a flattened
watch-crystal; a small window in a concave ceil-
ing.
LUNG, n. One of the two organs of respiration.
LUNGE, n. A sudden push or thrust with a sword ;
a thrust made by stepping forward and extending
the arm. Also written allonge.
LU'NI-FORM, a. Resembling the moon.
LTJ-NI-SO'LAR, a. Compounded of the revolutions
of the sun and moon.
LUNT, n. A match-cord to fire cannon.
LU'N U-LAR, ") a. Shaped like a crescent or new
LU'NU-LATE, ) moon.
LU'PER-AL, n. ; pi. LU-PER-CA'LI-A. A feast in
honour of Pan ; a. pertaining to the Lupercalia.
LU'PlNE, n. A kind of pulse.
LU'PU-LIN, n. The fine yellow powder of hops ;
the bitter principle of hops.
LURCH, n. A sudden roll of a ship ; forlorn state.
LURCH, v. i. To roll suddenly to one side; to
withdraw to one side ; to lie in ambush.
LURCH, v. t. To defeat; to evade; to disappoint.
i'ALL, WHAT; THiKE, TERM; MARINE, BiRD ; MOV?,
LURCH'ER, n. One that lurks ; a dog ; a glutton.
LURE, v. t. To entice ; to attract ; to invite.
LURE, n. Something held out to call a hawk;
hence, any enticement ; that which allures.
LU'RID, a. Ghastly pale ; gloomy ; dismal.
LURK, v. i. To lie in wait ; to lie close or hid; to
keep out of sight.
LURK'ER, n. One who lies secreted.
LURK'ING^PLACE, n. A secret place in which
one lies hid ; a den.
LUR'RY, n. A confused, inarticulate sound or ut-
terance.
LUS'CIOUS (lush'usj, a. Sweet or rich, so as to
cloy or nauseate ; delicious ; pleasing.
LUS'CIOUS-NESS (Ittsh'us-), a. Great sweetness.
LUSH, a. Full of juice.
LC'SI-AD, n. The epic poem of Camoens.
LU-SI-TA'N I-AN, a. Pertaining to Portugal.
LU'SO-RY, a. Used in play ; playful ; sportive.
LUST, n. Longing desire ; carnal appetite ; eager
ness to possess or enjoy ; depraved affections and
desires.
LUST, v. t. To desire eagerly; to have irregular
desires.
LUSTER, ^n. Brightness; brilliancy; splendour;
LUSTRE,/ renown; a candlestick with pendants
of glass.
LUSTFUL, a. Having irregular desires; inciting
to lust. SYN. Sensual; fleshly; carnal; licen-
tious; lewd; unchaste; libidinous; lecherous.
LUST'FUL-LY, ad. With lust ; lewdly.
LUST'FUL-NESS, o. Lustful desire.
LUST'I-LY, ad. Stoutly ; boldly ; with courage.
LUST'I-NESS, n. Stoutness; sturdiness; vigour
of body ; robustness.
LUST'ING, n. Act of inordinate desire.
LUS'TRAL, a. Used in purification or pertaining
to it.
LUS'TRATE, v. t. To cleanse ; to purify ; to sur-
vey.
LUS-TRA'TION, n. Purification; a surveying.
LUSTRING, n. A species of glossy silk cloth.
LUS'TROUS, a. Bright ; glossy ; shining.
LUS'TRUM, n. In ancient Rome, a period of five
years.
LUST'Y, a. Able of body; fuU of health and vig-
our ; full sized ; copious ; hearty, as a draught.
SYN. Robust; stout; strong; sturdy; vigorous.
LU'SUSNA-TU'Rffi, n. [L.] Sport or freak of na-
ture ; a deformed production.
LUT'AN-IST, n. One that plays on a lute.
LU-TA'RI-OUS, a. Pertaining to mud; of the
colour of mud.
LU -TA'TION, n. Act of luting vessels.
LUTE (28), n. A stringed instrument of music.
LUTE, \n. A composition of soft clay and
LUT'ING, ) other substances for coating vessels
exposed to the fire, and to make the joints air-
tight.
LUTE, v. i. To coat with lute or luting.
LU'TE-OUS, a. Noting a brownish yellow or clay
colour.
LUTE'STRING, 77. The string of a lute; a plain,
stout silk. See LUSTRING.
LU'T H ER-AN, a. Pertaining to Luther.
LU'THER-AN, n. A follower or disciple of Luther.
LUTHER- AN-ISM, n. The doctrines of Luther.
LU'THERN, n. A window over a cornice ; dormer.
LU'TOSE, a. Miry ; covered with clay.
LUTU-LENT, a. Muddy ; turbid ; thick.
LUX'ATE, v. t. To put out of joint.
LUX-A'TION (luks-a'shun), n. Dislocation of a
ioiiit.
^UX-U'RI-ANCE, ) n. Bank growth ; exuberance ;
LUX-U'RI-AN-CY,f superfluous growth.
LUX-U'RI-ANT (x like gz), a. Exuberant in
growth ; noting a flower that so multiplies the
covers of the fructification as to destroy its es-
sential parts.
LUX-U'RI-ANT-LY, ad. With exuberant growth.
LUX-U'RI-ATE, v. i. To grow to excess ; to feed
or live luxuriously ; to expatiate with delight.
LUX
267
MAG
DOVE, WOLF, BO<?K; RflLE, BFLL ; Vl"CIOTJS
LUX-0'RI-OUS (x like gz), o. Indulging freely
the gratification of the appetite, or in expensive
dress, &c. ; administering to free indulgence in
dress, diet, &c. ; abounding with luxuries ; soft-
ening by pleasure ; given to the gratification of
lust. SYN. Voluptuous; epicurean; effeminate;
sensual ; libidinous.
LTJX-C'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Voluptuously : deliriously.
LUX-C'RI-OUS-NESS, n. A state of abounding
with luxuries, or of living in luxury.
LtTX'C-RIST, n. One given to luxury.
LtX'C-RY (luk'shu-ry), n. Excess in eating or
dress, &c.; that which gratifies a nice m
anything delightful to the senses ; lewd desire.
SYN. Voluptuousness; epicurism; effeminacy;
sensuality ; daintiness ; delicacy.
LY -eAN'THRO-PY, n. A kind of insanity in which
the patient imagines himself a wolf.
LY-CE'UM, 71. In Greece, a place where Aristotle
taught; a place appropriated to instruction by
lectures and disquisitions ; a literary association.
LY-O-PO'DI-UM, n. Club-moss.
LYD'I-AN, a. Pertaining to Lydia or its people;
hence soft ; effeminate ; noting a soft, slow music ;
Lydian stone; black, flinty slate.
LYE (li), n. Water impregnated with alkaline
salts.
LY'ING, o. Addicted to falsehood ; n. the practice
of telling lies.
LY'ING-iN, a. Being in child-birth.
LYMPH (lunf), n. A colourless fluid in animal
bodies.
LYMPH'ATE, ") a. Frightened into madness;
LYMPH'A-TED, 3 raving.
LYM-PHATI (lim-fat'ik), a. Pertaining to lymph.
LYM-PHAT'I, ) n. A vessel of animal bodies
LYMPH' E-DUT, f which conveys lymph.
LYN'CE-AN, a. Pertaining to the lynx.
LYNCH, v. t. To inflict p'unishment without the
forms of law, as by a mob.
LYNCH'-LAW, n. The practice of punishing men
for crime by private, unauthorized persons, with-
out a legal trial.
LY N X, n. An animal of the cat kind, sharp-sighted.
LY'RA, n. The lyre, a northern constellation.
T Y'Tl \TP )
LY'RA-TED f a> D" 16 ^ into several jags.
LYRE, n. A stringed instrument of music.
LYR'I, ) a. Pertaining to a lyre or harp ; n. a
LYRTG-AL, j" composer of lyric poems ; a lyric
poem.
LYR'I-CI$M, n. A lyric composition.
LY'RIST, n. One who plays on the harp.
LY-T'RIAN, o. Indicating the termination of a
disease.
M.
"|\T is a liquid consonant, formed by a compression
*** of the lips. Its sound is uniform, as in man.
M stands for a thousand ; also for noon; in medi-
cine, for mix.
MAB, n. Queen of the fairies ; a slattern.
MA -6, in Scotch and Irish names, a son.
MA-AD'AM-IZE, v. t. To cover a road with small
or broken stones. [From the inventor's name.]
MA-A-RO'Nl, n. An edible paste drawn out in
long, hollow tubes ; a finical fellow ; a medley.
MA-e-A-KON'HJ, a. Like macaroni or a medley.
Macaronic verses, poetry in which English is jum-
bled up with Latin or Greek words or termina-
MA- AW, n. A kind of large beautiful parrots.
MA'-t!A-BEE$, . A certain heroic Jewish family
of antiquity ; also two books of the Apocrypha.
MA'O-BOY, n. A kind of snuff.
MACE, n. An ensign of authority ; r,
MACE'-BEAR-ER (-bar-er), ") n. An oificer who
MA'CER, j carries a mace.
MAC'ER-ATE, v. t. To make lean; to mortify; to
steep to softness.
easK; dasj; sasz; CHOSSH; IHIS.
MAC-ER-A'TION, n. The act or process of reduc-
ing to leanness or softness ; mortification.
MAH-I-A-VL'IAN (mak-e-a-vel'yan), a. Poli-
tically cunning; crafty.
MAGH'I-A-VEL-ISM, n. Political cunning.
MAH'I-NAL (mak'e-nal), a. Pertaining to ma-
chines.
MAH'I-NATE (mak'-), v.t. To plot; to scheme ;
to contrive.
MA)H-I-NA'TION (mak-e-na'shun), n. An evfl
purpose formed with deliberation. SYN. Plot;
contrivance ; stratagem ; intrigue ; manoeuvre.
MA-CHlNE' (ma-sheen'), n An instrument for ap-
plying force or producing motion ; particularly a
complex structure in which the several parts
unite to produce given results ; an engine.
MA-CHlN'ER-Y (nia-sheeu'er-y), n. The compo-
nent parts of a complex machine ; machines col-
lectively ; supernatural agency in a poem.
MA-CHiN'IST (ma-sheen'ist), n. A constructor of
machines.
MACKEK-EL, n. A spotted fish; a pander or
pimp.
MACK'ER-EL-BACK SKY, > n. A sky in which the
MACK'ER-EL SKY, j clouds are broken up
into fleecy masses, indicating a strong breeze.
MACK'IN-TOSH, n. A waterproof overcoat. [From
the name of the inventor.]
MACK'LE, n. A blur in printing so that part of
the impression of a page appears double.
MA'RO-OSM, n. The universe.
MA-ROM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
ing objects that are inaccessible.
MAJ-TA'TION, n. The killing of a victim for
sacrifice.
MAffU-LA, n. ; pi. MI-e'u-L^; [L ] A spot, as ou
the skin, on the sun, &c.
MA'fJ-LATE. v. t. To spot ; a. spotted ; impure.
MA-e-U-LA TION, n. Act of spotting ; a staiu.
MAD, a. Disordered in intellect ; inflamed with
rage ; filled with passionate desire ; springing
from insanity or infatuation. SYN. Deranged;
delirious ; crazy ; insane ; frenzied ; furious ;
angry ; raging ; exasperated.
MAD'AM, n. A complimentary title given chiefly
to married or elderly ladies.
MAD'AP, n. A madman ; a wild person.
MAD'DJBN (mad'du), v. t. To make mad; . t. to
become mad.
MAD'DER, n. A plant whose root is much used in
dyeing red.
:. pret. and pp. of MAKE.
MAD'E-FY, v. t. To render wet ; to moisten.
MA-DEI'RA (ma-da'ra), n. A wine made in Ma-
deira.
XADE-MOI-SELLE (mad-mwa-zSl'), n. [Fr.]
Miss ; a young woman or her title.
MAD'-HOUSE, n. A house for deranged persons.
MAD'LY, ad. In a furious manner ; foolishly j
wildly.
MADTVIAN, n. A man raging with insanity; one
impelled by extravagant passion.
MAD NESS, n. A state of disordered intellect in
which one raves ; headlong passion ; rashness ;
subversion of reason. SYN. Distraction; delirium;
lunacy; rage; fury; insanity, which see.
MA-DON'NA, n. [It.] The Virgin Mary or her pic-
ture.
MAD 'HE-PORE, Ti. A genus of corals branching
like trees and shrubs.
MAD'RI-GAL, n. A little amorous or pastoral
poem.
MAEL'STROM (mal'strom), n. A celebrated whirl-
pool on the coast of Norway. [music.
MA-ES-TO'SO, [It.] With grandeur ; a term in
MAG-A-ZlNE' (-zeen'), a. A store or store-house;
in ships of war, a close room in the hold for gun-
powder ; a periodical publication in pamphlet
form; frequently pronounced mag'a-zine in the
latter signification.
MAG'DA-LE N , n. A reformed prostitute.
MAG-EL-LANTG, a. Applied to three whitish cloud-
MAG
268
MAI
I, fi, <fec., long. 1, S, <fcc., short. CARK, FA a, Lisx, FALL, WHAT; THRE, THRU ; MARINE, BiBD; MOVB,
MAG'NET-IZ-EE, n. He wlio or that which ir.a^-
netizes.
like appearances in the southern heavens, first
discovered by Magellan.
MAM'lENT'A, n. A reddish dye or colour.
MAG'UOT, n. A grub or worm ; the fly-worm ; a
whim.
MAG'GOT-Y, a. Abounding with maggots; whim-
sical ; hence, maggoty-headed.
Mi'GI, n. pi. Wise men ; Eastern philosophers.
MA'Gl-AN, n. An Eastern philosopher.
MA'GI-AN, a. Pertaining to the Magi.
MA'GI-AN-ISM, n. The doctrines of the Magi.
MAG'KJ, n. The art and science of putting into
action the power of spirits or the secret opera-
tions of natural causes ; sorcery ; enchantment.
Magic-lantern, an optical instrument which, by a
lamp and transparent figures, exhibits in a dark-
ened room magnified figures or images.
MAGT6, 7 a. Performed by magic ; used in
MA(VI-AL, 3 magic.
MAG'I-AL-LY, ad. By the rules of magic.
MA-Gl"CIAN (-jish'an), n. One skilled in magic;
one who practises the black art ; an enchanter.
MA-GILP', n. Linseed oil and mastic varnish,
used by artists as a vehicle for colours.
MAG-IS-T'EI-AL, a. Literally, belonging to a
master, and hence to a magistrate, as a magisterial
act ; authoritative. SYN. Dogmatical ; arrogant.
One who is magisterial assumes the air of a mas-
ter towards his pupils ; one who is dogmatical lays
down his positions in a tone of authority or dicta-
tion ; one who is arrogant insults others by an un-
due assumption of superiority. Those who have
long been teachers sometimes acquire, uncon-
sciously, a manner which borders too much on
the magisterial, and which may be unjustly con-
strued as dogmatical or even arrogant.
MAG-IS-TE'EI-AL-LY, ad. With overbearing
pride.
MAG'IS-TRA-CY, n. The office of a magistrate ;
the body of magistrates.
MAG'IS-TEATE, n. One invested with executive
power or supreme authority ; a subordinate officer,
as justice of the peace, &c.
MAG'NA -GHAR'TA (-kar'ta), n. The great charter
of English rights, obtained from King John by
the English barons in 1215.
MAG-NA-NlM'I-TY, n. Greatness of mind. STN.
Generosity. In generosity there is more of heart,
MAG-NE'TO-E-LE-TElC'I-TY, n. Electricity
evolved^by magnets ; the science relating to it.
MAG-N ! IF'I!'-\L ) a ' Great 5 noble 5 illustrious.
MAG-NIF'I-CAT, n. [L.] A term applied to the
song of the Virgin Mary.
MAG-NlF'I-CENCE, n. Grandeur of appearance;
splendour of show or state. SYN. Pomp ; great-
~ nobleness ; display.
MAG-NIF'I-CENT, a.
Splendid; gorgeous
Grand in appearance. SYN.
brilliant; sumptuous; im-
posing ; grand, which see.
MAG-NIF'I-CENT-LY, ad. Pompously; splen-
didly.
MAG'NI-FJ-EE, n. One who extols ; a glass that
enlarges objects to the sight.
MAG'NI-FY, v. t. To make great ; to raise in esti-
mation. SYN. To enlarge ; amplify ; exaggerate ;
extol; praise.
MAG-NlL'O-QUENCE, n. A lofty manner of speak-
ing ; tumid, pompous words or style.
MAG-NlL'O-QUENT, a. Speaking pompously.
MAG'NI-TCDE, n. Greatness of size or import-
ance. SYN. Largeness; bulk; amplitude; volume;
importance.
MAG-NO'LI-A, n. A southern tree b^.riag beauti-
ful flowers.
MAGTIE, n. A chattering bird.
MAG'UEY, n. A Mexican aloe, valuable for paper,
cordage, &c.
MAG'YAR, n. One of a raca in Hungary.
MA-HOG'A-NY, n. A beautiful hard wood used
for cabinet-work.
MA-HOM'E-TAN. See MOHAMMEDAN.
MAID, n. A young unmarried woman.
MAID'EN (ma'dn), n. A young unmarried woman ;
an instrument for beheading criminals.
MAID'EN, a. Belonging to a young unmarried
woman ; virgin. Maiden speech, the first speech of
a new member before a public assembly. Maiden
-4ssize, an assize in which no one is criminally con-
victed or punished.
MAID'EN-HEAD,), -,, x fn. State of being a
MAID'EN-HQQD, ; ( madn ') { ma id ; virginity;
freshness; uncontaminated state.
MAID'JEX-LlKE (ma'dn-), a. Like a maid ; modest.
' ' Being modest ; timor-
in magnanimity more of soul. The former is the
virtue of an individual, the latter of one who is
elevated by station or influence. Magnanimity I MAID'-SEEV-ANT^, n.
is shown not only by giving, but by enduring by | MAIL, n. Primarily,^
sacrificing one's feelings and interests, or yielding steel and other defe
up one's claims for the accomplishment of some
noble object. " Strike, but hear me !" has, in like
circumstances, been the response of magnanimity
in every age.
MAG-NAN'I-MOUS, a. Great in mind ; brave; dis-
interested ; liberal.
MAG-NAN'I-MOyS-LY, ad. In a noble manner ;
with a brave spirit.
MAG'NATE, n. A person of rank or distinction.
MAG-NE'SIA (niag-ne'zhea), n. A white, alkaline
earth, used as a purgative.
MAG-NE'SIAN, a. Pertaining to, containing, or ] speckled.
resembling magnesia. > MAIM, v. t. To disable a limb ; to deprive of a ne-
MAG'NET, n. The loadstone ; an ore of iron which ! cessary part. SYN. To cripple; mutilate;
attracts iron, and imparts to it polarity ; steel j mangle.
having magnetic properties. i MAIM, n. [Written in law language, mayhem.]
MAG-NET'LC, ") a. Having the properities of j The disabling of a limb; crippling; injury
MAID'EN-LY (ma'dn-), a.
ous ; bashful.
A female servant.
not-work ; hence, net- work of
steel and other defences for the body; armour.
Also (Fr. malle, bag) a bag or case for conveying
letters, &c., by post ; postal conveyance ; a car-
riage for conveying the mail.
MAIL, v. t. To arm with mail ; to sort and put up
letters for transmission in the mail.
MAIL'A-BLE, a. Usually admitted or proper to
be admitted into the mail.
MAlL'-OACH,-). A stage or coach that con-
MAIL'-STAGE, $ veys the mail.
MAILED (maid), a. In zoology, protected by an ex-
ternal coat or covering of scales, &c. ; spotted ;
MAG-NETTC-AL, ) the magnet.
MAG-NET'I BAT'TEE-Y, n. A series of simple
magnets so united as to act in concert.
MAG-NET'IC NEE'DLE, n. A magnetized needle
MAIN, a. First in size, rank, importance; having
the most power in producing an effect. SYN.
Leading ; cardinal ; capital ; chief ; principal ;
important.
or small iron rod turning on a pivot for determiu- MAIN, n. Strength ; force ; the gross ; the ocean ;
ing the points of the compass. j the continent, as opposed to an isle.
MAIN'-DECK, n. The deck next below the spar-
deck in frigates, &c.
MAIN'-LAND, n. Continent ; the principal land.
MAG-NET'IGS, n. pi. Science of magnetism.
MAG'NET-ISM, n. That branch of science which
treats of the properties of the magnet.
MAG'NET-IZE, v. t. To impart the properties of MAIN'LY, ad. Chiefly ; principally.
the magnet ; v. i. to acquire the properties of the MAIN'-MAST, n. The principal mast of a ship.
magnet. ; MAIN'-PElZE, n. A writ to the sheriff, directing
MAI
269
MAL
DOVE, WOLF, BflOK; R^LE, BTJLL ; Vf'CIOUS.
deliverance of a prisoner on security ; deliverance
of a prisoner.
M A I N 'SAIL, n. The principal sail in a ship.
MAIN-TAIN', v. t. Literally, to hold up by force of
hand, that is with firmness and constancy ; hence,
to keep up, not suffer to fail, as a watch or
guard; to continue, not allow to cease, as a
conversation; to support or pay the expense of,
as a. family; to uphold by assertion or argument,
as to maintain one's right or cause. SYN. To
keep up ; carry on ; hold to ; preserve ; persist
in; assert; affirm; vindicate; defend; sustain.
MAIN-TAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be maintained.
MAINTE-NANCE, n. Support; means of support ;
security from failure or decline.
MAlN'-Tt)P, n. The top of the main-mast of a
ship or brig.
MAIZE (maze), n. The native corn of America;
Indian corn.
MA-JESTI, a. Marked by grandeur of appear-
ance or thought. SYN. August ; imperial ; regal ;
lofty ; grand ; noble ; dignified.
1A-JES
MA-JES'TI-AL-LY, ad. With majesty.
MA J'ES-TY, n. The height of grandeur in appear-
ance, thought, &c. ; the title of a monarch. SYN.
Splendour ; nobleness ; dignity ; loftiness ; sub-
limity ; glory.
MA' JOE, a. Greater in number, quantity, extent,
or dignity ; elder ; superior.
MA'JOE, 71. A military officer next above a cap-
tain ; the first proposition of a regular syllogism.
MA'JOR-DO'M 0, n. [L.] A master of a house, or
steward.
MA'JOE-GEN'EE-AL, n. A military officer who
commands a division.
MA-JOR'I-TY, n. The greater number ; more than
half; full age; rank of a major. SYX. Plurality.
In elections, he has a plurality who has more
votes than any other candidate ; he has a ma-
jority who has more than half the votes given for
all the candidates.
MA-JOS'-eU-L^, n.pl. [L.] Capital letters, in
which Latin manuscripts were once written.
MAKE, v. t. [pret. and pp. MADE.] Primarily, to
cause to be or to do ; hence, to create, produce,
bring about, arrive at, constitute, compose, <fcc.,
as, " Let us make man ;" to malce a machine, war,
sport, friendship, &c. ; to mafce a port ; to mafce
one a judge; to compel, as to mafce one submit,
&c. ; v. i. primarily, to act or operate in a given
; as to mafce for one's advantage; the tide
es fast, &c.
MAKE, n. Form, structure, or texture of any
thing ; constitution of parts in a body.
MAKE'BATE, n. One who stirs up contention.
MAKE'-PEACE, n. One who reconciles parties.
MAK'EE, n. The Creator ; he who makes, forms,
or creates ; a manufacturer.
MAKE'-WEIGHT (-wate), n. That which is thrown
into the scale to make weight.
MAK'ING, n. Act of forming ; workmanship.
MAL-, prefixed to compound words, denotes evil,
MAL'A-GHITE, n. Native carbonate of copper, of
a beautiful green colour, and susceptible of
polish.
MAL-A-OL'O-GY, n. The science of the struc-
ture and habits of soft animals or mollusca.
MAL-AD-MIN-IS-TEATION, n. Bad management
of affairs.
MAL-A-DEOIT', o. Wanting in dexterity; awk-
ward.
MAL'A-DY, n. Literally, an ill state; a settled
bodily ailment ; applied figuratively to the mind.
SYN. Disorder; complaint ; disease, which see.
MAL'A-GA, n. A kind of wine from Malaga.
MAL'A-PEET, a. Saucy or quick with impudence ;
forward ; n. a saucy fellow.
MAL'A-PEET-NESS, n. Impudent pertness.
MAL-AP-RO-POS' (mal-ap-pro-po'>, a. I. In an un-
suitable manner ; unseasonably.
MA-LA'EI-A, n. Exhalation or stale of air tend-
ing to produce disease.
. -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
MA-LA'-EI-OUS, a. Pertaining to or affected bj
malaria.
MAL-eON-FOEM-A'TION, n. Disproportion of
parts.
MAL'ON-TENT, a. Discontented with an exist-
ing government ; dissatisfied.
MAL'!ON-TENT, n. One who is dissatisfied with
the laws or their administration.
MALE, a. Belonging to the male sex, and applied
to animals of all kinds.
MALE, n. Among animals, one of the sex that
begets young ; a he-animal. In botany, a plant
which produces stamens only. In mechanics, the
screw whose threads enter the grooves of the cor-
responding screw.
MAL-E-Dl'TION, n. Abusive language ; denun-
ciation of evil. SYN. Curse ; imprecation ; exe-
cration. Malediction is the most general term,
denoting bitter reproach or wishes and predic-
tions of evil. Curse implies the desire or threat
of evil, declared upon oath or in the most solemn
manner. Imprecation (from imprecor) is literally
the praying-domi of evil upon a person. Execra-
tion (e sacris excludcre) is literally a putting under
the ban of excommunication, a curse which ex-
cludes from the kingdom of God. In ordinary
usage, the last three words describe profane
swearing, execration being the strongest.
MAL-E-FA'TOE, n. One guilty o.f a crime;
felon ; convict.
MA-LEV'O-LENCE, n. Literally, a wishing of evil ;
pleasure in seeing others unhappy. SYN. Ill-
will; animosity; hatred; bitterness; spite; gallj
spleen ; heart-burning. See MALICE.
MA-LEV'0-LENT, a. Noting pleasure in the suf-
ferings of others. SYN. Evil-minded; spiteful;
bitter ; rancorous.
MA-LEV'0-LENT-LY, ad. With ill-will or spite.
MAL-FEA'$ANCE (-fe'zance), n. Evil doing; an
act which one has no right to do, or has contracted
not to do.
MAL-FOEM-A'TION, n. Irregular formation.
MA'LLe, a. The malic acid is one obtained from
the juice of apples.
MAL'ICE, n. A disposition to injure others with-
out cause ; extreme malevolence. SYN. Malevo-
lence ; malignity. There is the same difference
between malei-olcnce and malice as between wishes
and intentions. A malevolent man desires to
see others unhappy, and rejoices when they are
so ; a malicious man is habitually bent upon in-
juring others without cause. Malignity goes fur-
ther ; it is not only bent on evil, but loves it for
its own sake. One who is malignant must be bqtu
malevolent and malicious ; but a man maybe malici-
ous without being malignant.
MA-Ll"CIOUS (ma-llsh'us), a. Harbouring extreme
enmity ; proceeding from hatred ; dictated by
malice. SYN. Ill-disposed; evil-minded; envious;
resentful ; bitter ; malevolent ; spiteful.
MA-Ll"CIOUS-LY (ma-llsh'us-ly), ad. With inten-
tion to do harm.
MA-LIGN' (ma-lme'), a. Bitterly hostile; fatal, as
by some occult influence.
MA-LIGN', v. t. To injure or defame maliciously.
SYN. To traduce ; slander; calumniate ; asperse ;
lampoon.
MA-LlG'NAN-CY, n. Bitter hostility ; virulence.
MA-LlG'NANT, a. Having extreme "malice ; exert-
ing a pernicious influence ; dangerous to life ;
heinous ; virulent. SYN. Bitter ; rancorous ;
spiteful ; malicious, which see.
MA-LlG'NANT, n. One badly disposed; applied
to the Puritans as a term of reproach by their
enemies. [bly.
MA-LlG'NANT-LY, ad. Maliciously; unfavoura-
MA-LIGN'EE (ma-lm'er), n. One who maliciously
defames or injures.
MA-LlG'NI-TY, n. Extreme enmity ; deep-rooted
spite ; destructive tendency ; virulence. SYN.
Rancour; venom; bitterness; rankling; gall;
malice.
HAL
270
MAN
I, S, &c., long. I, fi, <fcc., abort CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL WHAT; TH^RE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BtRDj MOVI,
MA-LIGN'LY (-line'-), ad. Maliciously ; destruct-
ively.
IA-LI:
MA-LlNG'GEE (ma-ling'ger), v. i. Among soldiers,
to feign illness.
MAL'I-SON (mai'e-zn), a. Malediction.
MALL, n. A large wooden beetle.
MALL (mawl), v. t. To beat with something heavy.
MALL (mall), n. A public walk; a level, shady
walk. Pall .Mall is pronounced P611 Mell.
MAL'LAED, n. A species of wild duck ; a drake.
MAL-LE-A-BlL'I-TY, a. Susceptibility of exten-
sion by beating.
MAL'LE-A-BLE, a. That can be drawn out and ex-
tended by beating.
MAL'LE-ATE, v. t. To hammer; to draw into a
plate or leaf by beating.
MAL-LE-A'TION, n. The act of beating into a
plate or leaf; extension by beating.
MAL'LET, n. A wooden hammer, or instrument
for beating or for driving pins, chisels, &c.
MAL'LOW, ) n. A plant whose fruit is a de-
MAL'LOWS, .) pressed disk; called sometimes a
cheese.
MALM'SEY (mam'zy), n. A sort of grape, and also
a sweet wine.
MAL-PEA-6'TlCE, n. Evil practice ; illegal or im-
moral conduct,
MALT, n. Grain, especially barley, steeped in wa-
ter till it germinates, and then dried; v. t. to
make into malt ; v . i. to become malt.
MALT'-LlQ'UOE (mawlt'-lik'er), n. Liquor made
by an infusion of malt.
MAL-TEEAT', v. t. To treat rudely or abusively.
MAL-TEEAT'MENT, n. Ill treatment ; abuse.
MALT'STEE, u. One who makes malt.
MA'LUM IN SE, [L.j An evil in itself, as dis-
tinguished from matum prohibitum.
MA'LUM PRO-RIB' I-TUM. [L.] That which is
wrong because forbidden by law.
MAL-VA'CEOUS (-shus), a. Pertaining to mallows.
MAL-VEE-SA'TION, n. Evil conduct or fraud,
especially in office.
TWi TVT "^
MAMMA' > n ' ^" ^ am ^ ar ^ord for mother.
MAM'A-LUKE, ") n. A name given to a class of
M AM'E-LUKE, ) soldiers in Egypt, now extinct.
MAM'MAL, n. ; pi. MAM'MALS. In zooloyy, an ani-
mal that suckles its young.
MAM-MA'LI-A, n. pi. The great class of animals
which suckle their young.
MAM-MA'LI-AN, a. Pertaining to the mammalia.
MAM-MAL'O-GY, n. Science of mammiferous ani-
mals.
MAM'MA-EY, a. Eclating to the breast or paps.
MAM'MI-FEE, n. An animal that has breasts for
nourishing her young.
MAM-MIF'EE-OUS, o. Nourishing young by
breasts.
MAM'MI-FOEM, a. Having the shape of paps.
MAM'MIL-LA-EY, a. Belonging to the paps ; in
mineralogy, studded with pap-like protuberances.
MAM'MON, n. The god of wealth ; riches ; money.
MAM'MON-IST, n. One who dotes on riches.
MAM'MOTH, n. A huge quadruped, now extinct.
MAN, n.; pi. MN. Mankind; the human race;
a male individual of the human race, of adult
growth or years ; a servant ; a word of familiar
address; one who is master of mental powers; a
husband ; a movable piece at chess or draughts.
MAN, v. t. To furnish with men ; to fortify.
MAN'A-LE, v. t. To shackle the hands.
MAN'A-LES (man'a-klz), n. pi. Chains for the
hands; shackles.
MAN' AGE, v. t. To carry on the concerns of ; to
tame or train ; to move or use as desired ; to
make subservient ; to treat or govern with ad-
dress, &c. STN. To direct; control; wield; order;
contrive ; conduct ; transact ; govern ; v. i. to
conduct affairs.
MAN'AGE. See MAKEGB.
MAN'AGE-A-BLE, a. Easy to be used, directed,
or moved ; that may be controlled or made sub-
servient. STN. Tamable ; controllable ; docile
^governable ; tractable.
MAN'AGE-A-BLE-NESS, n. Tractableness.
MAN'AGE-MENT, n. Manner of treating, direct-
ing, or carrying on ; cunning practice ; a course
directed by art, design, or prudence. SYK. Go-
vernment ; administration ; direction ; charge ;
conduct ; treatment ; dealing ; practice.
MAN'A-GER, 7i. One who conducts ; a frugal per-
son.
MAN'AGE-EY, n. Conduct ; husbandry.
MAN-A-TEE',} n. The sea-cow; a cetaceous, her-
MAN-A-Tl', j bivorous mammal.
MANCH-I-NEEL', n. A tree of the West Indies,
possessing poisonous properties.
MAN'CI-PATE, v. t. To enslave; to bind.
MAN-CI-PA'TION, n. Slavery; servitude.
MAN'CI-PLE, n. A steward or undertaker.
MAN-DA'MUS, 71. In law, a writ from a superior
court directing an individual, corporation, or in-
ferior court to perform some specified act.
MAN-DA-ElN' (-reen'), n. A Chinese governor or
magistrate ; court language of China.
MAN'DA-TA-EY, \ n. One to whom business is
MAN'DA-TO-EY, j intrusted ; one to whom a
charge is given.
MAN'DATE, n. An order; command; commis-
sion.
MAN'DA-TO-EY, a. Commanding; enjoining.
MAN'DI-BLE, n. The jaw, as of a fowl or insect.
MAN-DIB'CT-LAE, a. Belonging to the jaw.
MAN'DEAKE, n. The name of several species of
plants.
MANDEEL, n. The revolving shank for holding
the work in the lathe.
MAN'DEILL, n. A large and fierce variety o'
baboon.
MAN'DU-ATE, v. t. To chew ; to eat.
MAN-DU-GA'TION, n. Act of chewing or eating.
MANE, n. The long hair on the neck of a beast.
MAN^D (mand), a. Having a mane.
MAN-EGE (ma-nazh' or man'ej), n. [Fr.] The art
of horsemanship or of training horses; a school
for teaching horsemanship.
MA'NEH, TV. A Hebrew weight in gold, containing
103 shekels ; in silver, 60 shekels.
MA'NES, n. pi. Departed spirits ; ghosts or shades j
with pagans, the benevolent infernal deities.
MA-NEC'VEE, ) n. Change of position ; evolu-
MA-NCEU'VEE, ) tion ; dexterous management.
MA-NEO'VEE, ") v. t. To change position ; to
MA-NCEU'VEE, J manage with address.
MA-NEO'VEE-EE, | n. One who manages with
MA-NCEU'VEEE, j stratagem or address.
MA-NEO'VEE-ING, ") n. Change of position;
MA-NCE O'VEE-ING, 5 management.
MAN'FUL, o. Having the spirit and bearing of a
man ; resolute. SYN. Bold ; brave; stout ; coura-
geous ; daring. See MANLY.
MAN'FUL-LY, ad. Boldly; courageously; hon-
ourably.
MANG'GA-NESE', n. A hard, brittle metal, of a
grayish- white colour and granular texture, with
great affinity for oxygen, and not easily
fused.
MANGE, n. The scab or itch in cattle.
MANG'GEL-WDE'ZEL (mang'gl-wur'zl), n. A plant
or root of the beet kind.
MAN'GEE, n. A trough or box in which cattle are
fed ; in ships, an inclosure across the decks with-
in the hawse-holes to exclude water.
MAN'GI-NESS, n. Scabbiness of beasts.
MAN^GLE (mang'gl), v. t. To cut or tear in pieces;
to smooth linen ; to take by piecemeal.
MAN G 'GLE, n. A calender to smooth cloth.
MANG'GLEE (mang'gler), n. One who tears in
cutting or mangles ; one who uses a mangle.
MANG'GO (mang'go), n. A fruit of the East pick-
led ; a pickled musk-melon.
MANG'GO-STAN, ) n. An East Indian tree and
MAN G/ GO-STEEN,| its fruit, which is very juicy
and delicious.
MAN
271
MAN
D6VE, WOLF, B9QK ; R^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS. -6 as K ; 6 OS J ; 8 as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
MlNQ'GROVE, n. A West and East Indian tree,
lining the shores with dense groves to the water's
edge ; the name of a fish.
MANG'Y, a. Scabby ; infected with the mange.
MAN-HA'DEN. See MENHADEN.
MAN'-HAT-EB, n. A misanthrope.
MAN '-HOLE, 71. A hole through which a man may
creep into a drain, &c., to clean it.
M AN IIOQD, n. State of adult years in men; vi-
rility; human nature; the qualities of a man, as
courage ; bravery ; resolution.
-\,n. Madir inclination.
t .1 PO'TU, n. [L.] Madness from drinking;
the delirium tremens.
Mt-M'lII-AL } a- MlUl ; ravin S ^tk Badness.
MA'NI-A-e, n. ' A madman; one raving with mad-
ness or with disordered intellect.
MAN-I-CHE'AN (-ke'au), a. Pertaining to the
Manichees or to their peculiar doctrines.
MAN'I-HEE, n. One who believed in two su-
preme eternal principles, pood and evil.
MAN'I-HE-I*M, 7i. Doctrines of the Manichees.
MAN'I-HORD, ") n. An instrument like a spin-
MAN-I-!ORD'ON, ) net, whose strings are covered
with pieces of cloth to soften the sound.
MAN'I-FEST, a. Clearly visible ; presented strongly
to the eye or the understanding. SYN. Clear ;
plain ; obvious ; evident. What is clear can be
seen in all its bearings ; what is plain can be seen
by any man without study or reflection ; what is
oluious lies directly in our way. and must be seen
by every one ; what is evident is seen forcibly, and
leaves no hesitation on the mind ; what is mani-
fest is evident in a very high degree, striking upon
the mind at once with overpowering conviction.
MAN'I-FEST, v. t. To make to appear; to make
public or show plainly ; to exhibit more clearly to
view ; to put into a manifest, as to manifest
goods. SYN. To reveal; declare; evince; dis-
close ; discover ; display.
MAN'I-FEST, n. An invoice of a cargo of goods, to
be exhibited at the custom-house.
MAN-I-FES-TAT1ON, n. The act of disclosing
what is secret, unseen, or obscure; making
known to the eye or mind ; exhibition of a thing
by clear evidence, &c. SYN. Revelation; publica-
tion ; display ; disclosure ; discovery.
M AN-1- i ; :, a. That may be manifested.
MAVI-FEST-LY, ad. Clearly; evidently.
MAN-I-FESTO, ) n. A public declaration of the
MAN'I-FEST, j head of a government.
MAN'I-FOLD, a. Of diverse kinds ; many in num-
ber ; repeated ; complicated; exhibited in various
wavs or at divers times.
MAN I-FOLD-LY, ad. In diverse ways.
MAN'I-KIN, n. A little man; a male child; an
artificial anatomical preparation of pasteboard,
plaster, &c., exhibiting all parts of the body.
MA -ML/LA HEMP. n. The fibre of the wild plan-
tain.
MA'NI-O, n. Name of a tropical plant from which
cassava and tapioca are prepared.
MAN'I-PLE, n. A handful; band of soldiers; a
fanon or scarf worn by Roman Catholic priests.
MA-NlP'C-LAR, a. Pertaining to a hand.
MA-NlP'C-LATE, v. t. To treat, work, or labour
with the hands ; to handle.
MA-NIP-0-LA'TION, n. Manual operation; in
chemistry, the preparing substances for experi-
ments; in pharmacy, the preparation of drugs;
motions used to produce the mesmeric state.
MAN-KIND', n. The race or species of human be-
ings ; a. resembling man, net woman.
MAN'LESS, a. Having no men ; unmanned.
MAN'LIKE, o. Becoming a man.
i, I- NESS, n. The quality of bravery ; fcold-
5 ess ; dignity.
N'LY, o. Becoming a man ; relating to the
character, dignity, or age of a mail. SYN. Manful.
Manful refers to vigour and resolution as attri-
butes of our race, and is opposed to weak or cow-
ardly ; manly has reference to maturity of years
or elevation of spirit, and is opposed to puerile or
mean. Hence we speak of a manful endurance of
evil, and of manly conduct or deportment.
A, n. The food of the Israelites in the wild-
erness ; the juice of a tree, used as a mild laxative
medicine.
MAX'NA-CROUP, n. A granular preparation of
husked wheat.
MAN'NER, n. Way of performing or executing :
habitual practice ; kind, as of fruits ; certain de-
gree or measure ; mien or cast of look ; way of
worship ; distinct mode : in painting, peculiar way
of managing colours, lights, and shadows, &c.
SYN. Fcrm ; custom ; habit ; fashion ; air ;
method, which see.
MAN'NER-I#M, n. Uniformity of manner.
1 1R-IST, n. An artist who works in one un-
varied manner.
MAN'NER-LY, a. Decent in external deportment :
civil ; complaisant ; well-behaved.
. ;:RS, 71. pi. Deportment; course of life;
ceremonious behaviour; decent and respectful
conduct.
MAN'NlsH, a. Like a man ; bold; masculine.
MA-NCEC'VRE. See MANEUVER.
MAN-OF-WAR', n. A government vessel employed
for war.
MAN'OR, n. A lord's estate in lands.
MAfl'OR-HOUSE, n. The house belonging to the
manor.
MA-N O'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a manor.
MANSE, n. A parsonage house ; a farm.
MAN SION (man'shun), n. The house of a lord of
the manor; a large dwelling-house; place of
abode.
MAN'SION-A-RY, a. Being resident.
MAN'-SLAUGH-TER (-slaw-,), n. The unlawful
killing of a person, usually from sudden heat or
excitement, but without malice express or im-
plied.
MAN'-STEAL-ER, n. A kidnapper j one who steals
and sells men.
MAN'SUE-TCDE (man'swe-tude), n. The quality
of mildness ; gentleness.
MANTEL, ") n. The piece of timber or stone over
MANTLE, ) the fire-place, resting on the jambs.
This is also called mantel-tree, mantel-s/iel/, mantel-
piece.
MANTEL-ET, ") n. A woman's short cloak ; a kind
MANT'LET, j of movable parapet; a pent-
house.
1 S, n. An insect called the praying mantis
or prophet, from the position assumed by the
forelegs.
MANTLE, n. A loose garment or cloak ; a cover.
MANTLE, v. t. To cloak ; to cover ; to disguise ;
to form a cover ; to crimson the face, as a blush ;
v. i. to expand ; to diffuse ; to spread.
MAN'TU-A (man'tu-a or man'tu), n. [JFY.] A lady's
gown or dress.
MAN'TUA-MAK-ER (m&n'tu-mak-er), n. A dress-
maker for ladies.
MAN'C-AL (man'yu-al) , a. Performed by the hand :
used by the hand.
MAN'C-AL, n. A small book, as a manual of laws ;
service-book of the Roman Catholic Church.
MAN'C-AL EX'ER-CISE, n. The exercise of sol-
diers with their arms.
MAN-b-DOTION, n. Guidance by the hand.
MAN-C-FATO-RY, n. A building cr place where
goods are made.
MAN-C-FA!'TO-RY, o. Employed in manufactur-
ing.
MAN-C-FACTCR-AL, a. Pertaining to manufac-
tures.
MAN-C-FAT'CRE (man-yu-fakt'ym-), n. The re-
ducing of raw material into form for use; any-
thing made by the hand or art.
MAN-U-FAT ORE, v. t. To make by the hand or
by art ; to work up raw materials into forms fci
use ; v. t. to be occupied in manufactures.
MAN 272
X, , &c., long. I, fi, &c., short CABE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT;
MAE
, TiBM ; MAR!NB,
MAN-0-FAT'CR-ER, n. A maker ; an artificer ; MAR'GA-RITE, n. A pearl ; a mineral.
nova,
one who employs workmen for manufacturing.
MAN-C-MIS'SION (man-yu-ntfsh'un), n. The act
of freeing slaves.
MAN-tJ-MlT', v. t. To release from slavery; to
liberate from bondage.
MA-NOR'A-BLE, a. That may be cultivated or en-
riched by manure.
MA-NORE', n. That which fertilizes land; com-
post.
MA-N
v. t. To apply fertilizing substances to
land ; to enrich with manure.
The wife of a mar-
MA-N(JR'IN'G, n. A dressing or spread of manure
on land.
MANTJ-SRIPT, n. A paper or book written by
hand ; a. written with the hand ; not printed.
MAN'-WOR-SHIP (-wiir-ship), n. The worship of MA-RlG'E-NOUS, a. Produced in the sea.
man ; undue respect paid to a man. i MART-GOLD, n. A plant bearing a yellow flower
MANX, n. The language of the Isle of Man ; a. re- "
MAR'GlN, n. That which bounds or borders any
thing ; the edge of a leaf of a book or of a wound ;
iii botany, the edge of a leaf. SYN. Edge ; border;
brim ; side ; verge ; brink ; rim.
MAR'GIN, v. t. To form a border; to border; to
enter in a margin.
MAR'GIN-AL, a. Pertaining to a margin ; inserted
in the margin.
MAR'GlN-ATE, ") a. Having a prominent mar-
MAR'GIN-A-TED, j gin.
MAR'GRAVE, n. A title of nobility in Germany.
MAR-GRA'VI-ATE, n. The territory of a mar-
MAR'GRA-VfNE (-veen), n.
grave.
lating to the Isle of Man.
MA'NY (mSn'ny), a. Comprising a great number of j
individuals : preceded by too, powerful or much. '
SYN. Numerous ; multiplied ; frequent.
MA'NY (mSn'ny), n. A great number.
MAP, n. A delineation of the earth or a part of it.
MA'PLE, n. The name of a tree of several species.
MA'PLE-SUG'AR (-shug'ar), n. Sugar obtained by
evaporation from the juice of the rock maple.
MAPTING, n. The act or art of drawing maps.
MAR, v. t To hurt j to impair; to injure; to de-
face.
MAR, n. A blot ; an injury.
M AR-A-NA'THA, n. A Syriac word, our Lord cometh,
used in Jewish forms of anathematizing.
MAR-AS-!HI'NO (-ke'no), n. A delicate spirit dis-
tilled from cherries.
MA-RAS'MUS, n. A wasting of flesh without fever
or apparent disease.
MA-RAUD', v. i. To rove in quest of plunder ; to
plunder.
MA-RAUD'ER, n. A roving plunderer.
MAR-A-VET)I, n. A small copper coin of Spain,
equal to one sixth of a penny.
MAR'BLE, n. Calcareous stone, used for busts,
pillars, monuments, &c., and for lime ; a little ball
of marble or other hard substance used by boys at
play ; a stone remarkable for some inscription or
sculpture.
MAR'BLE, u t. To vein or stain like marble.
MAR'BLE, a. Made of marble ; stained or veined
to resemble clouded marble ; hard ; insensible.
MAR'BLE-EDGED Kjd), a. Having the edges
inarbled, as the leaves of a book.
MAR'BLE-IZE, v. t. To make an artificial stone
like marble. Marbleized iron is iron covered
over with a composition coloured and veined like
marble.
MAR'SLING, n. The art or practice of variegating
in colour in imitation of murMe ; mixture of fat
and lean meat, giving it a marbled appearance.
MAR-CES'CENT, a. Withering ; decaying.
MAR-CES'SI-BLE, a. Liable to wither or fade.
MARCH, n. A movement of troops ; a procession ;
a deliberate walk ; advance ; progression ; a sig-
nal to move ; a piece of music to march by.
MARCH, n. The third month of the year.
MARCH, v. t. To cause to move, as an army, or
in regular progression ; v. i. to move in military
order and manner; to walk in a grave, stately
manner.
MARCH'ES, n. pi. Borders ; confines.
MARCH'ING, n. Military movement ; passage of
MAR'CHION-ESS (mar'shun-ess), n. The wife or
widow of a marquis.
MAR'CID, a. Lean ; poor ; withered.
MAR-ClD'I-TY, n. Leanness ; a wasting away.
MARE, n. The female of the horse kind.
MARE'SCHAL (mar'shal), n. [Fr.] A chief com-
mander of an army. See MAESHAL.
MARE'S NEST, n. To find a mare's nest is to
chuckle over some absurd or ridiculous discovery.
MA-RlNE' (-reen'), a. Pertaining to'the sea; done
on the sea ; doing duty on the sea. See MARI-
TIME.
MA-RlNE', n. A soldier doing duty in a ship ; the
navy ; naval affairs.
MART-NEB, n. One who pursues a seafaring life ;
a seaman ; a sailor.
MARTSH, n. A moor ; fen ; swamp ; watery
ground ; now written marsh.
MART-TAL, a. Pertaining to a husband.
MART-TIME, a. Near or adjoining to the sea ; con-
nected in interest with the sea. SYN. Marine.
Maritime (from maritimus) denotes, primarily,
" bordering on the srm," as a maritime town,
coast, nation, &c.; ana secondarily, "belonging
to those who border on the sea," as maritime
laws, rights, pursuits, &c. Marine (from marinus)
denotes, primarily, " of or pertaining to the sea,"
as a marine shell, marine productions, &c. ; and
secondarily, " transacted at sea," as marine ser-
vice; or "doing duty on the sea," as marina
forces, &c. Hence, also, marines are soldiers who
do service in ships ; the marine of a nation is its
shipping taken collectively, and also the entire
economy of its naval affairs.
MA'R'JO-RAM, n. An aromatic plant.
MARK, n. The leading idea is that of some trace
or impression made, as a mark on paper, in the
sand, &c. ; hence, something which shows forth
or distinguishes, as a mar?c on goods, a mark of
civility, a man of marlc ; something which directs
or guides, as to shoot a marlc, a marfc for seamen,
&c. ; a coin or money of account [^V. marc], worth
13s. 4d. SYN. Impress; stamp; print; vestige;
indication; badge.
MARK, v. t. To draw a visible line or character ;
to make a visible impression, &c. ; to make an
incision or a sign of distinction ; to form a name
as a sign ; to take notice of or have regard to.
SYN. To imprint; brand; stamp; impress; re-
mark; point out; observe; heed; denote; indi-
cate; characterize; show.
MARK, v. i. To observe critically ; to take partic-
ular notice; to note.
MARK'ER, n. One who marks anything ; one who
notes ; a counter used in card-playing.
MAR'KET, n. A place or time of sale ; sale ; the
ex change of provisions or goods for money.
MAR'KET, v. i. To deal in market; to buy or
sell.
MAR'KET- A-BLE, a. Saleable ; fit for market ; cur-
rent in market.
MAR'KET-DAY, n. A day for public market.
MAR'KET-PLACE, n. The place where provision!
or goods are exposed for sale.
MAR'KET-TOWN, n. A town that has a stated
public market.
MARKTNG, n. The making of marks ; indication,
as the markings of the thermometer, barometer, &c.
MARKS'MAN, n. One who shoots with skill ; one
who, not able to write, makes his mark.
MARL, n. A species of calcareous clay used aa
manure ; v. t. to spread over with a marl ; to wind
or twist a small line or rope round another.
MAR
273
MAS
DOVE, WOLF, B<?9K ; R*LE, BULL ; Vl"CtOUS.
MARL-A'CEOUS (-a'shus), a, Marly; partaking of
in arl.
MAR'LlNE (marlin), n. A small line of two
.nds, used for winding round cables.
MAE/LINE, v. t. To wind a marline round a rope.
MAR'LINE-SPIKE, n. An iron tool tapering to a
point, used to open the strands of a rope in splic-
ing, &c.
MARL/ING, n. The act of manuring with marl ;
the act of winding a small line about a rope to
prevent its being galled.
ilARLTIT, n. A pit where marl is dug.
MARL/Y, o. Consisting of, like, or abounding with
marl.
MARTMA-LADE, n. Pulp of oranges, originally
quinces, boiled with sugar.
MAR-MO-RA'CEOUS (-shus), n. Like marble.
MAR-MO'RE-AN, a. Pertaining to marble.
MAtt-MO'SET, n. A small variety of monkey.
MAR'ON-lTES, n. pi A body of Syrian Christians
belonging to the Greek Church.
MA-ROON', n. A name given to free blacks living
on the mountains in the West In< 1 '.
MA-ROON', v. t. To put a sailor ashore on a deso-
late isle for some crime.
MA-ROON', a. Brownish, crimson; of a claret
colour.
MAIi'PLOT, n. One who officiously defeats a de-
sign.
MASQUE (mark), n. [Fr.T A letter of marque is a
licence to moke reprisals on an enemy for goods
seized; the ship commissioned to make re-
prisals.
MAR-QUEE' (mnr-kee'), n. [IV.] A field-tent for an
officer.
MAR'QUESS,) , , . v (n. A title of nobility
MAR'QUIS, f (-kwis), \ next under a duke.
MAR'QUET-RY (mar'ket-ry), n. Inlaid work of
wood, shells, &c.
MAR'QUIS- ATE, n. The seigniory of a marquess.
MAIt'RIAGE (mar'rij), n. The uniting or legal
union of man and woman for life. SYN. Matri-
mony. Marriage is properly the act which unites,
the two parties, and matrimony the state into
which they enter. Marriage is, however, often
used for the state as well as the act. Wedlock is
the old Saxon term for matrimony.
MAR'RIAGE-A-BLE, a. Of a fit age to be married.
MAR'RIED (mar'rid), pp. United in wedlock;
wedded; a. conjugal; connubial.
MAR'ROW (mar'ro), n. A soft substance in bones ;
the essence; best part. In Scotch, a companion.
MAR'ROW-BONE, n. A bone containing marrow;
the bone of the knee. [Colloquial.!
MAR'RO W-F AT, n. A large, delicious pea.
MAR'ROW-ISH, a. Of the nature of marrow.
MAR'RO W-LESS, a. Destitute of marrow.
MAR'ROW- Y, a. Full of marrow ; pithy.
MAR'RY, v. t. To join in wedlock ; to dispose of
in wedlock; to take for husband or wife; in
Scripture, to enter into covenant.
MAR'RY, r. t. To enter into wedlock ; to be joined
in wedlock ; to take a husband or wife.
.11. In mythology, the god of war; a planet
of a deep red colour.
MARSH, n. Low ground, wet or overflowed.
MAR'SHAL, n. An officer of arms ; chief military
commander ; a civil officer answering to sheriff ;
one who directs the order of a procession, and
the like.
MAR'SHAF/, r. t. To arrange in order ; to dispose
in order the parts of an escutcheon or coat of arms
of families.
MAR'SHALLSD (mar'shald), a. Arranged in order.
MAR'SHALL-ER, n. One who arranges in order.
MAR'SHALL-ING, n. The act of arranging in order ;
an arrangement of coats-of-arms to exhibit the
family alliances.
MAR'SHAL-SEA, n. A prison in Southwark, Lon-
don, under the charge of the marshal of King's
Bench.
MAR'SHAL-SHIP, n. The office of marshal. 13
, as K ; d as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
MARSII'-MAL'LOW, n. A plant of tha genus
Althaea.
MAKSH'Y, a. Wet ; boggy ; covered with water ;
produced in marshes.
MAR-SC'PI-AL, ") a. Pertaining to a bag or pouch
MAR-SC'PI-ATE, j or to animals so furnished, as
the opossum.
MAR-SU-1'I-A'LI-A, n. pi. Animals having a pouch
or bag for carrying their young.
MART, n,. A place of public sale ; a market.
. 1'A-GON, n. A kind of lily ; turk's cap.
MAR-TEI/LO TOWER, n. A round tower or
circular building of masonry.
MARTEN, n. An animal of the weasel kind.
MARTIAL (-shal), a. Pertaining or suited to war ;
belonging to an army or navy. SYN. Warlike.
ifarh'al (from Mars, the god of war) refers more
to war in action, its array, its attendants, &c., as
martial music, a mart ial appearance, martial array,
courts-martial, &c. Warlike describes the feeling
or temper which leads to war, and the adjuncts
connected with it, as a warlike nation, warlike pre-
paration, warlike attitude of things, &c. The two
words thus approach each other very nearly,
and are often interchanged.
MARTIAL LAW, n. A code of law for the army or
navy.
MARTIN, n. A species of birds of the swallow
kind.
MARTI-NET, n. A strict disciplinarian.
MAR'TI-NETS, n. p7. Lines fastened to a sail.
MARTIN-GAL, } n. A strap from the nose-band
MARTIN-GALE, j to the girth, intended to keep
a horse from throwing up his head. In a ship,
a short perpendicular spar under the bowsprit
end, used for reeving the stays.
MART'IN-MAS, n. The festival of St. Martin, on
the llth of November.
MART'LET, n. A little bird in heraldry.
MARTYR, n. One who is put to death for the
truth, or in defence of any cause.
MARTYR, v. t. To put to death for adhering to
the truth ; to sacrifice one on account of his faith
or profession.
MARTYR-DOM f-dum), n. The death of a martyr.
MAR-TYR-O-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to martyr-
ology.
MAR-TYR-OL'O-GIST, n. One who writes an ac-
count of martyrs, [martyrs.
MAR-TYR-OL'O-GY, n. History or register of
MAR'VEL, n. That which arrests attention ; any
thing wonderful or astonishing. SYN. Wonder ;
admiration ; astonishment ; miracle ; prodigy.
MAR'VEL, v. i. To wonder ; to be surprised. It
expresses less than astonish, or amaze.
MAJi'VEL-LOUS, a. Exciting the utmost wonder ;
verging toward the impossible. SYN. Wonder-
ful. We speak of a thing as wonderful when it
awakens our surprise and admiration ; as marvel'
lous when it is so much out of the ordinary course
of things as to seem nearly or quite incredible.
The victories of Napoleon were wonderful; the
sleight-of-hand tricks which are sometimes exhi-
bited are so marvellous that they would appear in-
credible if not publicly performed.
MAR'VEL-LOUS-LY, ad. In a wonderful manner.
MAS'-GLE (mas'kl or mas'sl), n. In heraldry, a loz-
enge perforated.
i;-LlNE, o. Male ; like a man ; bold. In
grammar, the masculine is the gender appropriated
to males, though not always expressing it.
MASH, n. A mixture of things ; bran and water.
MASH, v. t. To bruise into a soft mass ; to mix
malt and water in brewing.
MASHING, n. A beating i;.to a mass ; the process
of steeping ground malt in warm water and ex-
tracting the su-eelu-ort.
MASH'Y, o. Produced by bruising.
MASK (6), n. A cover for the 1. "o ; a disguise ; a
pretence; a festive entertainuK .t; a masquer-
ade : a kind of dramatic performance.
MASK, v. t. To cover the face ; to disguise
MAS 274 MAT
I, 8,&c., long. I, *, &c., short. C!RE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TiEM; MABINE, BtED; HOVE,
MASK, v. i. To revel ; to be disguised.
MASK'ER, n. One who wears a mask or plays the
fool in a masquerade.
MAS'LIN. SeeMESLiN.
MA'SON (ma'sn), n. An artificer who lays bricks
and stones for walls ; a freemason.
MA-SON'LC, a. Pertaining to masonry.
MA'SON- RY (ma'sn-ry), n. The art or occupation
of a mason ; work done by a mason the crafc or
mysteries of freemasonry.
MAS'O-RA, n. A Rabbinic work on the text of
the Hebrew Scripture.
MAS-O-RT'I, ) a. Belonging to the Masora
MAS-O-RET'IC-AL, J or to its authors.
MAS'O-RlTE, n. One of the writers of the Masora.
MASQUE. See MASK.
MAS-QUER-ADE' (mask-er-), n. A nocturnal as-
sembly of persons wearing masks ; disguise.
MAS-QUER-ADE', v. i. To assemble in masks ; to
po in disguise.
MAS-QUER-AD'ER, n. One who wears a mask.
MASS (6), n. A body of matter collected into a
lump ; a heap ; an assemblage ; the body ; the
bulk ; the quantity of matter in a body ; a large
quantity of matter ; of light and shade.
MAiSS, n. The communion service of the Roman
Catholic Church; the consecration of the bread
and wine.
MAS'SA-CRE (mas'sa-ker), n. Promiscuous slaugh-
ter. SYN. Butchery ; carnage. Massacre denoted
originally the killing of victims for sacrifice, and
now denotes the promiscuous slaughter of many
without restraint or remorse. Butchery refers to
cold-blooded cruelty in slaughtering, as of brute
beasts. Carnage (from carp, flesh) refers to the
heaped up bodies of the slain.
MAS'SA-RE, v. t. To kill promiscuously or with
uncommon cruelty.
MAS'SI-OT, \n. Protoxide or yellow oxide of
MASTI--6OT, > lead.
MASST-NESS (6),\n. The state of being massy;
MASS'IVE-NESS, j great weight or weight with
bulk: ponderousness.
MASS'lVE, ") a. Bulky; ponderous: heavy: being
MASS'Y, $ in a lump.
MASS'lVE, a. In mineralogy, in mass ; with crystal-
line structure, but not a regular form.
MASS'-MEET-ING, n. A large assembly of peoole
to be addressed on some public occasion.
MAST, n. The timber of a ship elevated on ths
keel, to which sails, &c., are attached; nuts;
acorns ; in the last sense it has no plural.
MAST'ED (G), a. Furnished with a mast.
MAS'TER, n. A man who rules or directs ; the
owner or proprietor; a chief or principal; the
commander of a vessel ; one uncontrolled ; a title
of boys or quite young men; one eminently
skilled in any science, art, &c. ; a teacher or in-
structor. In colleges, a title of respect, as Master
of Arts.
MAS'TER, v. t. To conquer; to tame; to rule; to
make one's self master of.
MASTER-KEY (-ko), n. A key that opens many
locks; hence, figuratively, a clue to difficulties.
MAS'TER-LY, a. Becoming a master; very excel-
lent; skilful.
MASTER-PIECE (-peece), n. A capital or chief
performance.
MASTER-SHIP, n. Headship ; superiority.
MASTER-STROKE, n. A capital performance.
MASTER- Y, . Power of governing or command-
ing ; superiority over ; eminent skill ; victory in
war. SYN. Rule ; dominion.
MASTHEAD, n. The top of the mast.
MASTIC. ")n. A yellowish- white semi-transpa-
MAS'TIH, j rent resin exuding from the mastic-
tree, used in varnishes ; a kind of cement for
plastering walls, &c.
M \STl--eA-BLE, 7i. That can be masticated.
MAS'TI-GATE, v. t. To chew ; to grind with the
teeth ; to prepare for digestion.
MAS-TI-A'TION, n. The act of chewing.
MASTI-A-TO-RY, o. Chewing; adapted to per-
form the office of chewing food.
MASTI-A-TO-RY, n. A substance to be chewed
to increase the saliva.
MASTI-eOT. See MASSICOT.
MASTIFF, n. A 1 ir -e species of dog, remarkable
for strength, cui , ; MOSS.
MAS-TI'TIS, n. ..reast
MAST'LESS, a. Having no iua:it, as a vessel;
bearing no mast, as an oak.
MASTO-DON, n. An animal like the elephant,
now extinct from the tertiary system.
MASTOID, a. Resembling the nipple.
MA STY, a. Full of mast or acorns, &c.
MAT, n. A texture of rushes, sedge, straw, &c., for
various purposes of cleanliness, &c. ; a web of
rope-yarn to secure the standing rigging from the
friction of the yards.
MAT, v. t. To weave or form into a mat ; to cover
or lay with mats ; to press together or lay flat.
MAT'A-DORE, n. One of the three principal cards
in the game of omber ; the man employed to kill
the bull in bull-fights.
MATCH, n. One who is equal to another in
strength, dexterity, c. ; that which suits or
tallies with another ; union by marriage ; compe-
tition for victory, as in games ; some very combus-
tible substance used for lighting a fire, firing artil-
lery, &c.
MATCH, v. t. To pair; to suit; to marry; to
equal.
MATCH, v. i. To be united in marriage; to be of
equal size, figure, &c.
MATCH'LESS, a. Having no equal.
MATCH'LESS-LY, ad. In a manner or degree not
to be equalled.
MATCH'LOCK, n. The lock of a musket fired by a
match ; the musket itself.
MATCH'-MAK-ER, n. One who makes matches
for burning; one who contrives or effects mar-
riages.
MATCH'-MAK-ING, n. The act of making matches.
MATE, n. A companion ; second officer of a ves-
sel ; one who sits at the same table or attends the
same school ; husband or wife ; in chess, the situ-
ation of a king so that he cannot escape.
MATE, v. t. To match ; to equal ; to marry.
MATE'LESS, a. Having no mate or companion.
MA-T'RI-AL, a. Consisting of matter ; more or
less necessary; not of mere form; furnishing
materials. SYN. Corporeal; bodily; essential;
important; weighty; momentous.
MA-TE'RI-AL, n. The substance of which any
thing is made.
MA-TE RI-AL-ISM, n. The doctrine of material-
ists.
MA-TE'RI-AL-IST, n. One who denies the exis-
tence of spiritual substances.
MA-TE-RI-AL'I-TY, n. Material existence ; im-
portance.
MA-TE'RI-AL-IZE, v. t. To reduce to matter; to
regard as matter.
MA-TE'RI-A MED'I-CA, n. [L.] A general name
for all articles used in curing diseases ; the science
which treats of such articles.
MA-TE'RI-EL, n. [Fr.] A term denoting those
material objects which are used in any dc
MA-TfiR'NAL, a. Pertaining to or becoming a
mother. See MOTHERLY.
MA-TER'NI-TY, 71. The relation or character of a
mother.
MATH, ?i. A mowing.
MATII-E-MAT'IO, \ a. Pertaining to mathe-
MA-THE-MAT'K/'-AL, $ matics, or according to
its principles.
MATH-E-MAT'I-AL-LY, ad. By mathematics.
MATH-E-MA-T1"CIAN (-tish'an), n. One versed in
mathematics.
MATH-E-MAT'I 6S, n. pi. The science of quantity,
or which treats of magnitude and number, or of
whatever can be measured or numbered.
MA-THE'SIS n. The doctrine of mathematics.
MAT
275
MEA
D6vE, w : uflLE, BULL; vl"cious.- e as K ; 6 as J ; sasz; CnassH; *HIS.
MiT'IN, o. Used in the morning ; pertaining to
the morning.
MAT INS, n. pi. Morning -worship or service ; time
of morning worship.
MAT/RICE (m&t'ris), n. A mould in which any
thing is formed ; the place where any thing is
formed or produced ; in dyeing, the five simple
colours, black, white, blue, red, and yellow, of
which all the rest are composed.
MA'TRlCE, ~>n. The womb; the cavity in which
MA'TRIX, ) the fetus of an animal or mineral is
formed.
MAT'KI-CI-DAL, o. Pertaining to the murder of a
mother.
MAT'RI-CIDE, n. The murder or murderer of a
mother.
MA-TRl'C-LATE, v. t. To enter or admit to
membership, as in a college.
MA-TRI'C-LATE, n. One entered in a college or
admitted into membership.
MA-TRl'Cr-LA-TED, o. Entered or admitted to
membership in a society or college.
MA-TRI-U-LATION, n. The act of admitting to
membership by enrolling the name in a register.
MAT-RI-MO'NI-AL, a. Pertaining to marriage ;
derived from marriage. SYN. Connubial; conju-
gal ; spousal ; nuptial ; hymeneal.
I-AL-
MAT-RI-MO'N
-LY, ad. By the laws or ac-
cording to the manner of marriage.
MAT'RI-MO-NY, 11. Union of man and woman for
life. SYN. Wedlock; espousal; nuptials; marri-
age, which see.
MATRON, 71. A grave, elderly woman ; a female
superintendent, as the matron of the House of
Refuge.
MATRON-AGE, n. State of a matron.
MATRONAL, a. Pertaining to a matron.
MA'TRON-IZE, v. t. To render matron-like ; to
oversee as a matron.
MATRON-LY, a. Elderly ; like a matron.
MATTA-MORE, n. A subterranean repository for
wheat.
MAT'TER, n. In a general sense, the substance of
which all bodies are constituted ; hence, ex-
tended substance or body, visible or tangible;
the substance thrown out from living animal
bodies, or pus, as from a tumour or boil ; the sub-
ject of discourse ; course of things ; cause of an
event.
MAT'TER, v. i. To be of importance j to signify ;
to produce matter ; to form pus.
MATTER-LESS, a. Void of matter.
MATTING, n. A texture of rushes, flajrs, or straw,
&c., for packing articles, covering floors, &c. ;
materials for mats.
MATTOCK, n. A
MATTRESS, n. A bed stuffed with hair, moss, or
other material, and quilted.
MATO-RANT, n. A medicine, &c., applied to a
tumour to promote suppuration.
MAT'0-RATE, t'. i. To become ripe ; to suppurate,
as a tumour. [tion.
MAT'C-RATE, v. t. To ripen ; to bring to perfec-
MAT-U-RA'TION, n. A ripening; process of sup-
puration, as of an abscess.
MAT'0-RA-TlVE, a. Promoting suppuration; ri-
peninsr.
MA-TORE', a. Perfected by time or growth; full-
grown. SYN. Ripe. Both words describe fulness
of growth. .Mature brings to view the process ;
ripe indicates the result. We speak of a thing as
us.
V. pick-axe; a tool for grubbing.
A bed stuffed with hair, moss, <
MA-TURE'LY, ad. With ripeness j with delibera-
tion.
MAT-tT-RES'CENT, a.
MA-TO'RI-TY, )"n.
MA-TORE'NESSJ brought to' perfection;
Approaching to maturity.
Ripeness ; state of being
rought to perfection ; in
commerce, as to a note or bill of exchange, the
time when it is due.
MAT'0"-TI-NAL, a. Relating to morning.
MAUp'LIN, a. Approaching to or in a state of in-
toxication ; drunk ; fuddled ; n. a plant.
MAU'GRE' } ad - In spite of or in PP sition to -
MAUL, n. ' A heavy wooden hammer. See MALL.
MAUL, v. t. To beat and bruise.
MAUL'STICK, n. The stick by which painters of
pictures steady their hand.
MAUND, n. In Scotland, a hand basket; a weight
of about 80 Ibs. in the East Indies.
MAUND'ER, v. i. To mutter, murmer, or grumble.
MAUN'DY-THORS'DAY, n. The Thursday in
Passion-week, or next before Good-Friday.
MAU-SO-LE'AN, a. Pertaining to a mausoleum ;
monumental.
MAU-SO-L'UM, n. A magnificent tomb or monu-
ment.
MAUVE, n. A purplish dye or colour.
MA'VIS, n. The throstle or song-thrush.
MAW, n. The stomach of a beast ; the craw.
MAWKISH, a. Apt to cause satiety or loathing.
MAW WORM, n. A worm that infests the stomach.
MA'X'IL-LAR, ) a. Pertaining to the jaw-
MAX'IL-LA-RY, j bone.
MAX-lL'LI-FORM, a. In the form of a cheek-
bone.
MAX'IM, n. An established principle or proposi-
tion ; a principle generally received or admitted
as true. SYK. Axiom; aphorism; apothegm;
adage ; proverb ; saying. See AXIOM.
MAX'I-MUM, n.; pi. MAX'I-MA. [L.] In mathe-
matics, the greatest number or quantity attain-
able in any given case ; the extreme or highest
sum, amount, or degree, as of price, &c.
MAY (ma) , n. The fifth month of the year ; the early
part of life; a young woman; the hawthorn blos-
som.
MAY (ma), v. aux. [pret. MIGHT.] To be possible; to
be able ; to have liberty or licence.
MAY (ma), v. i. To gather flowers on May-day.
M AY'-DAY (ma'da) , n. The first day of May.
MAY'-DOKE, n. A variety of the cherry.
M AY' HEM (maTiem), n. In law, the act of maiming.
MAY'ING, n. The gathering of flowers on Mayday.
MAY'OR (ma'ur), n. The chief magistrate of a city.
MAY'OR-AL-TY, n. The office of a mayor.
MAY'OR-ESS, n. The consort of a mayor.
MAY'POLE, n. A pole to dance round in May.
MAY'-QUEEN, n. A young female crowned with
flowers on the first of May.
MAZ'ARD, n. A variety of cherry; the jaw.
MAZ-A-K1NE' (-reen'), n. A deep blue colour.
MAZE, n. A winding or turning ; a confused and
perplexed state of thought. See LABYRINTH.
MAZE, -o. t. To bewilder ; to confound with in-
tricacy.
MA-ZOL'O-GY, n. That branch of zoology which
treats of mammiferous animals.
MAZ'Y, a. Made intricate by turns and windings ;
perplexed; confused.
ME, pron. Objective case of I.
MEAD, n. An old English liquor composed
honey and water ; a sweet drink ; a meadow.
Of
mature when thinking of the successive stager^ ilEAD'OW (mgd'o), n. A tract of low land ; land
through which it has passed; as ripe when our
attention is directed to its e?ids or uses. A ma-
ture judgment ; mature consideration; ripe fruit;
a ripe scholar. A character is matured by expe-
rience or by time ; it is ripened for great useful-
ness or for the enjoyments of heaven.
MA-TORE', v. t. To bring to perfection; to re-
volve in the miad ; v. i. to become ripe or perfect ;
to reach maturity, as a note mature*, i.e., be-
comes payable.
appropriated to the production of hay ; also, low
ground on the banks of rivers.
MEAD'OW-LARK, n. A well-known beautiful bird,
with a clear but melancholy note.
MEAD'OW-Y, a. Containing meadow.
MEA'GER, 7 , -, % (a. Destitute of or having
MEA'GREJ (meger M little flesh; wanting
strength and fulness ; destitute of richness in any
thing. SYN. Thin ; lean ; gaunt ; scanty ; barren.
[The latter spelling is preferable.]
MEA
276
MED
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
'*- Poorly; thinly,
ME A'GER-NESS.) n. Want of fertUity or richness ;
MEA'GRE-NESS J thinness ; poorness.
MEAL (meel), n. The substance of grain ground
to powder ; the food taken at one eating.
MEAL'I-NESS, n. Quality of being mealy ; softness
or smoothness to the touch.
MEAL'Y, a. Having the qualities of meal; like
meal ; dusted with meal ; soft ; smooth.
ME ALT-MOUTHED (-mouthd), o. Inclined to
disguise the truth ; using soft language.
MEAN (meen), n. The middle point or place; in-
tervening time; instrument; mediocrity; me-
dium.
MEAN, a. Wanting dignity in rank or mind;
worthy of contempt ; of little regard or value ; at
equal distance from extremes ; coming between.
SYN. Ignoble; abject; base; degraded; vile.
MEAN, v. t. [pret. and pp. MEANT (m6nt).] To
have in view; to have in mind for future act; to
have for its meaning ; to have thought or ideas ;
to have meaning. SYIT. To intend; purpose; de-
sign ; indicate ; denote ; imply.
ME-AN'DER, n. A winding course ; amaze.
ME-AN'DER, v. i. To wind in running.
ME-AN'DER, v. t. To wind or flow round.
ME-AN'DER-ING, n. A winding course.
MEANING (ineen'ing), n. Intention ; purpose ;
signification.
MEAN'ING-LESS, a. Having no meaning.
MAN'ING-LY, ad. With meaning ; purposely.
MEAN'LY, ad. Basely; without dignity; poorly;
moderately ; disrespectfully.
MEAN'NESS, n. Lo.wness; sordidness; baseness.
MEANS (meenz), n. pi. Medium ; instrument ; in-
come.
MFAN'WHlLE i a ^' * n ^ e intervening time.
MEAS'LES (ml'zlz), n. A contagious disease,
characterized by red spots on the skin.
MEAS'LY, a. Infected or spotted with measles.
MA$'UR-A-BLE (mgzh'ur-a-bl), a. That may be
measured ; moderate ; of small quantity.
MEAS'UR-A-BLY (mgzh'ur-), ad. Moderately; in
a limited degree.
MEAS'URE (mSzh'ur), n. Whole extent; that
which ascertains extent or quantity ; rule of ad-
justment ; extent of power or ability ; cadence in
verse ; time in music ; degree ; portion ; transac-
tion, or means to an end ; a slow country dance.
MEAS'URE (mgzh'ur), v. t. To ascertain extent or
quantity ; to judge, adjust, proportion, or allot.
MEAS'URE, v. i. To have a certain or limited ex-
tent.
MEAS'URED (mgzh'urd), a. Equal; uniform;
limited; restricted.
MEAS'URE-LESS, a. Without measure. SYN.
Boundless ; endless ; iinlimited ; vast ; infinite ;
immeasurable.
MEAS'URE-MENT (m?zh'ur-ment), n. Act of
measuring ; mensuration.
MEAS'UR-ER (m6zh'ur-er), n. One who mea-
sures.
MEAS'UR-ING, a. Used in measuring, as a rod.
MEAT, n. Food; flesh for food; provisions; spiri-
tual comfort ; ceremonial ordinances.
MEAT-OF-FER-ING, n. An offering of meat or
food in distinction from a drink-offering.
ME-HAN'I, n. One who constructs machines,
<fcc.; one skilled in or employed in mechnni^T
operation or art. SYN. Operative ; artisan ; arti-
ficer.
HE-HAN'ie, ") a. Pertaining to machines;
>J E-dHAN'I-C-AL, 3 constructed according to the
laws of mechanics ; skilled in making machines ;
acting by physical power, without design or in-
telligenae ; pertaining to artisans.
ME-HAN'I-AL-LY, ad. By mechanism; by
physical laws or force j by the force of habit.
FALL, WHAT; THBB, TBBM ; MARINE, BiBD; MUVB,
MEH-A-NI"CIAN (mek-a-nlsh'an), n. One skilled
in mechanics ; a machine-maker.
ME-HAN'IS (me-kan'iks), n. pi. The science
that treats of the laws of equilibrium and mo-
tion.
MEH'AN-I$M (mSk'-), n. Structure and adapta-
tion of the parts of a machine or instrument so
as to produce uniform action and impelling power
on the principles of mechanics; action of a
machine.
MEGH'AN-IST (mk'an-ist), n. The maker of, or
one skilled in machines.
MEH'AN-IZE, v. t. To form by mechanical skill
or contrivance.
ME H- AN -OG'RA-PHY, n. The art of multiplying
copies of a work of art by a machine.
MH'LIN (mek'lin), n. A kind of lace first made
at Mechlin. [opium.
ME-0'NI-UM, n. The juice of the white poppy;
MED'AL, n. A coin with a device to preserve the
memory of some great person or event.
MElXAL-IST, n. One who is skilled in medals, or
has grained a medal.
ME-DAL'Lie, a. Pertaining to medals.
ME-DALL'ION (me-dal'yun), n. A large medal or
its form.
MfiD'AL-UR-GY, n. Art of striking coins.
MED'DLE, v. i. To interpose ; to take part offi-
ciously ; to handle.
MED'DLER, n. A busybody in another's affairs.
MED'DLE-SOME (mfd'dl-sum) , a. Apt to meddle ;
officious.
MED'DLE-SOME-NESS, ") n. Officious interposi-
MED'DLING, $ tion.
M E-Dl-^TAL, a. Belonging to the middle ages.
ME'DI-AL, a. Noting a mean or average.
ME'DI-ANT, n. In music, the third above the key-
note.
ME'DI-ATE, v. i. To interpose for reconciling.
ME'DI-ATE, 1?. t. To effect by interposition.
ME'DI-ATE, a. Middle ; acting as a mean ; acting
by an intervening cause or instrument.
ME'DI-ATE-LY, ad. By a secondary cause.
ME-DI-A'TION, n. Agency between parties for
reconciliation ; intervenient power ; entreaty for
another. SYN. Interposition ; intercession ; in-
tervention; agency.
ME'DI-A-TOR, n. One who interposes to recon-
cile parties at variance; Christ the Redeemer.
SYN. Intercessor ; advocate ; propitiator ; in-
terceder ; arbitrator ; umpire.
ME-DI-A-TO'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a mediator.
ME*DI-A'TOR-SHIP, n. The office of a mediator.
ME-DI-ATRIX, n. A female mediator.
MD'I-A-BLE, a. That may be cured.
MED'I-IAL, a. Pertaining to the art of healing;
medicinal ; healing ; designed to promote the
study of medicine, as a college. Medical Jurispru-
dence is the science of the principles and practice
of medicine applied to questions in courts of jus-
tice.
MEm-GA-MENT, n. A medicine; healing appli-
cation, fcines.
MED'I--e ATE, v. t. To tincture or heal with medi-
M ED-I-eA'TION, n. Act of medicating.
: MED'I-^A-TlVE, a. Tending to cure ; curing.
! ME-DlC'I-NAL (me-dls'e-nal), a. Tending to cure ;
healing.
ME-DlC'I-NAL-LY, ad. By means of medicine with
a view to healing.
MED'I-ClNE (m6d'e-sin), n. Any substance that
heals or mitigates disease, or is used for that
o ; the art of healing ; usu:.ily pronounced
m6d'sin.
MED'I-CINE, v. t. To affect or operate on as medi-
cine.
ME-DI-E'VAL, a. Relating to the middle ages.
ME-DI-O^RE (-6'ker), o. Middling ; middle rate.
ME-DI-0!'RI-TY, n. Middle state ; moderate de-
MED'I-TATE, v. i. To plan by revolving in the
mind ; to revolve in the mind ; v. t. to dwell on
MED
277
MEM
D6VS, W<?LF, B?OK RfttE, BTTtL ; Vf 'CIOUS.-
or turn over iu the mind ; to have in contempla-
tion. SYN. To contrive; design; scheme; in-
tend ; purpose ; muse ; contemplate ; think ;
study. See CONTEHPLATB.
MED-I-TA'TION, n. Contemplation ; close or con-
tinued thought.
MEm-TA-TlVE, a. Given to meditation; er-
pressing meditation.
MED-I-TER-RA'NE-AN, o. Inclosed by land.
ME'DI-UM, n. ; pi. MB'DI-UMS or MB'DI-A. A mid-
dle state; in philosophy, the space through which
a body moves to any point ; iu logic, the middle
term of a syllogism, &c. ; the means or instru-
ment by which any thing is done, &c. ; a kind of
printing paper.
MED'LEY (inedly), n. A mixture ; a miscellany;
a mingled or confused mass of ingredients.
ME-DOL'LAR, \a. Consisting of marrow or re-
MED'UL-LA-RY, j sembling it.
2IE-D0'SA, n. The fabled chief of the Gorgons,
whoso head in the shield of Minerva had power
to turn all who looked on it into stone ; a genus of
filatinous radiate animals called sea-nettles.
ED, n. A reward; that which is bestowed in
consideration of merit.
MEEK, o. Not easily provoked ; given to forbear-
ance ; submissive to the divine will. SYN. Mild ;
soft ; gentle ; lowly ; humble ; yielding ; unassum-
ing; pacific. See GENTLE.
MEEK'N (me'kn), v. t. To make meek ; to humble.
MEEK'LY, ad. Not proudly or roughly ; with for-
bearance, &c. SYN. Mildly; softly; gently;
humbly ; submissively.
MEEK'NESS, n. Mildness of temper ; gentleness ;
humility ; submission.
MEER'SCHAUM, n. Literally, sea-foam ; a silicated
magnesian clay ; bowl of a pipe made of it.
MEET, v. t. [pret. and pp. MET.] To come together ;
to join ; to find ; to light on j to receive ; to en-
counter.
MEET, v. t. To assemble ; to come in contact ; to
join.
MEET, a. Fit; suitable; becoming.
MEET'ING, n. A coming together or gathering
of people ; a conflux, as of rivers ; a joining, as
of lines ; a place of worship, &c. SYN. Interview ;
conference ; union ; junction ; confluence ; assem-
bly ; congregation ; convention ; company.
l.IEET'ING-HOUSE, n. A place of worship.
MEETLY, ad. Fitly; suitably; duly.
MEETNESS, n. Fitness; suitableness; propriety.
MEG-A-LONTTX, n. A large extinct tertiary qua-
druped allied to the sloth.
MEG-A-LO-SAU'RUS, n. A huge extinct lizard
found as a fossil.
MEG-A-THt'RI-UM, n. A gigantic extinct terti-
ary quadruped allied to the sloth.
ME'GRIM, n. A neuralgic pain in the head.
il EI-O'SI S, n. A rhetorical figure by which a thing
is represented less than it is.
MEL'AN-HOL-I, a. Depressed in spirits; af-
fected with gloom; produced by or expressing
melancholy ; causing sorrow. SYN. Gloomy ; de-
jected ; hypochondriac ; mournful ; unhappy ;
unfortunate ; sorrowful, &c.
HEL'AN-HOL-Y, n. Gloom of mind; dejection
of spirits.
MEL'AN-eHOL-Y, a. Depressed in spirits ; ha-
bitually dejected ; that may or does produce great
evil and grief, &c. SYN. Gloomy ; sad ; dis-
pirited ; unhappy ; disconsolate ; doleful.
HE-LANGE' (ma-lanzh'), n. [Fr.] A mixture.
ME-LEE' (ma-la'), n. A confused fight or scuffle.
MEL'I-LOT, n. A plant allied to the long-rooted
clover.
MEL'IOR-ATE (mel'yor-ate), c. t. To make better ;
to improve ; v. i. to grow better.
MKL-IOR-A'TION, n. The act or operation of
growing better ; improvement.
UEL-LlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing honey.
WEL-LI-FI-CA'TION, n. Act of making, or pro-
duction of, honey.
as K ; G as J ; i as z ; CH as SH ; vnia.
MEL-LlF'LC-ENCE, n. A flow of sweetness, or a
sweet, smooth flow.
MEL-LlF'LU-ENT,) o. Flowing with honey;
MEL-LtF'LU-OUS, f sweetly flowing ; smooth.
MEL'LOW (mfillo), o. Soft with ripeness ; soft or
smooth to the ear or the taste ; easy to the eye.
MEL'LOW, v. t. To make soft ; to ripen to soft-
ness.
MEL'LOW, v. i. To become soft ; to be ripened.
MEL'LOW-NESS, n. The quality of yielding easily
to pressure ; softness j ripeness ; smoothness
from age, as wine.
MEL-O-t'O-TON' (-ko-toon'), n. A quince; a large
kind of peach.
ME-LO'DI-OUS, a. Musical ; agreeable to the ear.
ME-LO'DI-OUS-LY, ad. Musically.
ME-LO'DI-OUS-NESS, n. Agreeableness of sounds.
MEL'O-DIST, n. A composer and singer of sweet
melodies.
MEL'O-DIZE, v. t. To make melodious.
MEL-O-DRA-MATI, a. Relating to melodrame.
MEL-0-DRAM'A-TIST, n. One skilled in inelo-
drames or who prepares them.
MEL'O-DRAME, n. A dramatic performance in
which songs are intermingled.
MEL'O-DY, n. An agreeable succession of sounds
by a single voice, and thus differing from har-
mony, which consists in the accordance of diffe-
rent sounds ; the particular air or tune of a musi-
cal piece. See HARMONY.
MEL'ON, n. The name of certain plants and fruits.
MEL-POM'E-NE, n. The tragic muse.
MELT, v. t. To make liquid ; to overpower with
tender emotion ; to waste away ; v. i. to become
liquid ; to be softened ; to love, &c. ; to be dis-
solved ; to sink into weakness ; to be disheartened.
SYN. To liquefy ; dissolve ; fuse ; thaw ; mollify ;
soften; subdue.
MELT'ER, n. One who melts metals, &c.
MELTING, n. The act of softening or rendering
tender.
MELT'I N G-LY, ad. So as to soften the heart.
MEM'BER, n. A limb of the body ; a clause ; a
part of a discourse, &c. ; an individual of a com-
munity or society ; a subordinate par%*of a build-
ine, as a frieze, &c. See LIMB.
'.ER-SHIP, n. The state of being a mem-
ber; community; society.
MEM'BRANE, n. A thin, white, flexible skin.
MEM-BRA'NE-OUS, )
MEM'BRA-NOUS, I a. Belongins to or con-
MEM-BRA-NA'CP:OUS, if sisting of membranes.
MEM-BRA-NlF'ER-OUS, J
MEM-BRA-NOL'O-GY, n. That part of anatomy
which treats of membranes.
ME-MEN'TO, n. ; pi ME-MEN'TOES. A hint to
awaken the memory ; that which reminds.
MEM'OIR (mSm'wor), n. A species of familiar his-
tory ; a biography ; a written account.
MEM-0-EA-BIL'I-A, n. pi. [L.] Things remark-
able and worthy to be remembered.
MEM'O'RA-BLE, a. Worthy of remembrance.
SYN. Illustrious ; celebrated ; distinguished ; re-
markable; famous.
MEM'O-RA-BLY, ad. So as to be remembered.
MEM-O-RAN'DUM, n. ; pi. MEM-O-K!N'DUMS, MEM-
O-RAN'DA. A note to help the memory.
MEM'O-RA-TlVE, a. Adapted to preserve the
memory of any thing.
ME-MO'RI-AL, a. Preserving remembrance; con-
tained in memory.
ME-MO'RI-AL, n. That which preserves remem-
brance ; a note or hint to assist the memory ; a
written representation of facts, as the ground of
a petition ; a species of informal state paper in
negotiations. SYN. Monument ; memento ; re-
membrancer; petition; statement.
ME-MO'RI-AL-IST, n. One who writes or who
presents a memorial.
ME-MO'RI-AL-IZE, v. t. To present a memorkJ
to ; to petition by memorial.
ME-MOKI-TER, ad. [.] By memory.
MEM 278 MER
i, fi, &c., long. I, fi, <fec., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WH^T, THRE, TRM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
MEM'O-RIZE, v. t. To record; to hand down to i stitutes are tie great code of Indian civil and
memory by writing ; to cause to be remembered. '
MEM'O-RY, n. The faculty by which i^eas are re-
tained in the mind; the time within which
past events can be remembered. STN. Remem-
brance; recollection; reminiscence. Memory is
generic, denoting the power by which we repro-
duce past impressions. Eemem&rance is an exer-
cise of that power when things occur spontaneously
to our thoughts. In recollection we make a dis-
tinct effort to collect again, or call back, what
we know has been formerly in the mind. Eemin-
tscence is intermediate between remembrance and
recollection, being a conscious process of recalling
past occurrences, but without that distinct re-
ference to particular things which characterizes
recollection.
MEN, n. pi. of MAN.
MEN'ACE, v. t. To threaten ; to show the proba-
bility or appearance of any future evil or danger to.
MEN'ACE, n. A threat ; the show of probable evil
to come.
MEN'A-CER, n. One that threatens.
MEN'A-CING, a. Exhibiting the danger or prob-
ability of evil to come.
MEN-AGE' (men-azh'), n. A collection of brute
animals.
MEN-AG'E-RIE (men-azh'er-y) or MEN'A-GER-Y
(m6n'a-jer-y), n. A collection of wild animals, or
the place where they are kept.
MEND, v. t. To repair or supply a broken part ; to
set right ; to restore to a sound state ; to make
better; to quicken, as to mend one's pace. STN.
To improve ; help ; better ; amend ; correct ; re-
form, &c.
MEND, 17. t. To grow better; to advance.
MEN-DA'CIOUS (-da'shus), a. Lying; false.
MEN-DAC'I-TY (-das'e-ty), n. Habitual falsehood ;
want of veracity.
MEND'ER, r,. One who repairs.
MEN'DI-AN-CY, n. State of beggary.
MEN'DI.-!ANT, o. Poor to beggary ; begging ; n.
one who makes it his business to beg ; a beggar.
MEN-DI-G'I-TY (-dis'e-ty), n. The life of a beggar ;
beggary ; indigence.
MENDING, n. The act of repairing, especially
garments.
MEN-HA'DEN, n. A small salt-water fish used
for manure.
ME'NI-AL, a. Low; mean; belonging to domestic
servants.
ME'NI-AL, n. A servant of the lowest order; one
who is servile.
ME-NIS'-GUS, n. A lens convex on one side and
concave on the other.
MEN'SA ET TO'RO. [i.] A phrase applied to a
kind of divorce between husband and wife with-
out dissolving the marriage relation.
MEN'SES, n. pi. Monthly discharges.
MEN'STRU-AL, a. Monthly ; once a month ; last-
ing a month.
MEN'STRU-ANT, ") a, Subject to monthly flow-
MEN'STRU-OUS, ) ings; pertaining to the
monthly flow.
MEN'STRU-UM, n.; pi. MfiN'STRU-A. A substance
which dissolves ; solvent.
MEN-SU-RA-B1L'I-TY, n. Capacity or state of
being measured.
MEN'SU-RA-BLE (mSn'shu-ra-bl), o. Measurable ;
having limits.
MEN-SU-RA'TION, n. Act, process, art, or result
of measuring.
MEN'TAL, a. Belonging to the mind.
MENTAL-LY, ad. In mind ; intellectually.
MEN'TION, n. An expression in words ; a hint or
suggestion.
MEN'TION, t>. t. To name ; to utter a brief remark
or to express it in writing ; to state a fact.
MENTION-A-BLE, o. That may be mentioned.
MEN'TOR, n. A wise and faithful counsellor.
ME'NO, i,-, ^ ) In Hindoo mytholoyg, the
ME'NOUJ ( me noo),n.j- son of Brahma, whose in-
religious law.
ME-PHlT'ie, ) a. Offensive to the smell;
ME-PHIT'I-ALJ poisonous; noxious.
M EPH'I-TI*M j n ' Foul, noxious exhalations.
MER'-GAN-TlLE (13), a. Pertaining to merchan-
dise or the sale of goods and commodities, be-
longing to a merchant ; trading. STN. Commer-
cial. Commercial is the wider term, being some-
times used to embrace mercantile. In their
stricter use, commercial relates to the shipping,
freighting, forwarding, and other business con-
nected with the commerce of a country (whether
external or internal), that is, " the exchange of
commodities ;" while mercantile applies to the
sale of merchandise and goods when brought to
market.
MER'CE-NA-RI-LY (13), ad. For hire or reward.
MER'CE-NA-RY, a. That is or may be hired ; pur-
chased by money; greedy of gain. STN. Venal;
hireling ; sold ; bought ; selfish ; mean ; con-
tracted ; n. a hired soldier ; a hireling.
MER'CER, -n. One who deals in silks and cloths.
MER'CER-Y, n. The goods or trade of mercers.
MER'CHAN-DISE or MER'CHAN-DISE, n. The ob-
jects of commerce ; wares, goods, commodities
usually bought and sold ; trade ; commerce.
MER'CHAN-DISE, v. t. To carry on commerce; to
trade by buying and selling.
MER'CHANT, n. An exporter or importer of
goods ; a wholesale trader. In popular language,
any trader or dealer in goods,
MER'CHANT-A-BLE, a. Fit to be bought or sold.
SYN. Marketable; vendible; saleable.
MER'CHANT-MAN, n. ; pi. MEB'CHANT-MEN. A
ship employed in trade.
MER'CHA NT-TAI'LOR, n. A tailor who keeps for
sale articles used in his trade.
MER'CI-FUL, n. Having or exercising mercy;
tender to offenders ; unwilling to give pain.
STN. Compassionate; tender; gracious; clement;
kind; humane; benignant. [derly.
MER'CI-FUL-LY, ad. With compassion; ten-
MER'CI-FUL-NESS, n. Willingness to forbear
punishment ; readiness to forgive. S-TN. Mercy j
compassion ; tenderness ; pity.
MER'CI-LESS, a. Void of mercy ; not sparing.
STN. Cruel ; unfeeling ; unmerciful ; pitiless ;
hard-hearted.
MER'CI-LESS-LY, ad. As void of mercy ; cruelly.
MER-U'RI-AL, a. Composed of or pertaining to
quicksilver ; relating to Mercury as god of trade ;
active ; full of vigour or fire.
MER-C'RI-AL-1ZE, v. t. To affect with mercury.
MER'<DU-RY, n. Quicksilver ; a planet ; sprightly
qualities; name of a newspaper or periodical;
messenger or news-carrier.
MER'CY, n. Disposition to treat with tenderness ;
forgiveness of offences ; compassion to one in dis-
tress ; act of sparing or forbearing ; eternal life,
the fruit of mercy. STN. Tenderness ; pity ; com-
passion ; clemency ; grace, which see.
MER'CY-SEAT (-seet), n. The covering of the ark
of the covenant among the Jews ; the propitia-
tory.
MERE, a. This or that only ; distinct from any-
thing else. STN. Sole; alone; absolute; entire;
unmingled.
M ERE, n. A lake ; a boundary.
MERE'LY, ad. Thus and no other way ; for this
and no other purpose. STN. Simply; solely;
purely; barely; scarcely; hardly.
MER-E-TRI"CIOUS (-trlsh'us), a. Pertaining to
prostitutes; alluring by false show ; false; gaudy.
MER-E-TRl"CIOUS-NESS, n. Deceitful entice,
ments.
MERGE, v. t. To sink ; to immerse.
MERGE, v. i. To be sunk or swallowed up.
ME-RlD'I-AN, n. A great circle which the sun
crosses at noon ; mid-day ; noon ; the highest
point ; the particular or distinguishing place.
MEB
279
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK ; R^LE, BULL; VICIOUS
ME-RID'I-AN, a. Pertaining to mid-day or the
highest point ; being on the meridian ; extended
ii to south.
ME-RtD'I-ON-AL, a. Pertaining to the meridian ;
ing a southern aspect.
ME-RlD'I-ON-AL-LY, ad. In a line with the me-
ridi
ME-Ri'NO (-re'no), n. A variety of fine-woolled
!>p or their wool; a thin fabric made
nch wool.
ME KMT, n. Goodness which entitles to reward;
any performance or worth which claims regard ;
excellence, as of a book ; that which is earned or
merited. SYN. Desert; worth; value; excellence;
ard.
. T, v. t. To earn by services; to have a just
' to ; to deserve.
Mill; IT-ED, a. Earned; deserved.
MER-I-TO'RI-OUS, a. Deserving of reward.
MER-I-TO'EI-0 US-NESS, n. The state or quality
of deserving rev.
LE, n. The blackbird.
MER'LIN (13), n. A species of hawk.
MER'LON, n. A part of a parapet in fortification.
MEh 'MAID, n. A supposed marine animal, said to
ible a woman above and a fish below.
MKU'KI-LY, ad. With mirth, gayety, and laugh-
ter.
MER'RI-MENT, n. Gayety with laughter; noisy
sport. SYN. Mirth; festivity; frolic; glee; joy-
ousness ; hilarity ; .ipvialness ; jollity.
MER'RY, a. Noisy with mirth ; causing laughter ;
brisk or vigorous, as a breeze ; causing pleasure.
SYN. Gay ; cheerful ; blithe ; airy ; lively ;
htly ; gleeful ; joyous; mirthful; sportive.
.Y-AN^-DREW, n. A buffoon; one who
Ices sport for others ; a zany.
MEK'RY-MAK-ING, n. A festival; a meeting for
mirth.
MER'RY-THOUGHT (-thawt), n. The forked bone
of a fowl's breast.
ME-SEEM*', r. imp. It seems to me. [Obs.]
MES-EN-TER'ie, a. Pertaining to the mesentery.
MES EN-TER-Y, n. A membrane to which the in-
testines are attached.
i L, n. A space between threads in a net.
I . v . t. To catch with a net ; to insnare.
Y, a. Formed with net-work.
1 X (mt'z'lin), n. A mixture of different sorts
of grain ; wheat and rye mixed.
MES-M ER I(j (mez-), a. Relating to or dependent
MKS'MEE-ISM (m5z'mer-izm), n. Animal mag-
m ; the power of communicating at will cer-
tain influences to the mind of the person affected
or put to sleep; first brought into notice at
Vienna in 1776 by Mesmer.
M !> M ER-IZE (mCz-'j, v. t. To put a person into a
mesmeric state or communicate unnatural sleep,
called sleep-waking.
MESXE (meen), a. Middle; intervening.
MES'O : ZO-I, a. The great middle division of the
stratified groups.
MESS, n. A dish of food; a medley; an eating
together ; a number of persons who eat together.
. v. i. To join in a mess ; to eat together.
M ESS, v. t. To supply with a mess.
MES'SAGE, n. Notice or advice sent ; official com-
munication.
M ES'SEN-GER, \ n. One who bears a message;
MES'SA-GER, j one that foreshows ; in ,
la.ijjuage, a small cable. SYN. Carrier ; intelli-
gencer; courier; forerunner; precursor; har-
binger ; h
MES-SI'AH is Hebrew, Christ, Greet, and both signify
Anointed; the Saviour.
MES-SI'AH-SHIP, n. The office of the Saviour.
ME--SI-AN'1, a. Relating to the Messiah.
MES'SIEURS (rnesh'yerz), n. pi. Sirs ; gentlemen,
i ATE, n. One who eats at the same table.
MESSUAGE (mes'swajej, n. In law, a dwelling-
house and adjoining land.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
MES-TI'ZO (mes-te'zo), n. The child of a Spaniard
and a native Indian.
ME-TAB'A^SIS, n. [Gfr.] la rhetoric, transition.
MET-A--eAR'PAL, o. Belonging to the meta-
carpus.
MET-A-GARTUS, n. The part of the hand between
the wrist and the fingers.
ME-TAH'RO-NISM (-tak'-), n. Placing an event
after its real time.
METAL (met'al or m6t'tl), n. A simple, fixed,
shining, opaque substance, insoluble in water, but
fusible by heat, as iron, silver, &c. ; spirit ; cou-
rage, for mettle.
MET-A-LEFSIS, n. In rhetoric, the conjunction
of two or more different figures in the same word.
MET-A-LEP'TI, a. Pertaining to metal-
ME-TAL'LI, a. Partaking of the nature of metals ;
consisting of metal.
MET-AL-LIF'ER-OUS, a. Producing metal.
ME-TAL'LI-FORM, a. Having the form of metals ;
like metal.
MET'AL-LINE, a. Pertaining to met? 1; consisting
of or impregnated with metal.
MET'AL-LIST, n. A worker or one skilled in
metals.
MET-AL-LI-ZA'TION, n. Act or process of form-
ing into a metal.
MET'AL-LIZE, v. t. To give to a substance metal-
lic properties.
MET'AL-LOID, n. A name applied at first to the
metallic bases of the alkalies and earths.
MET-AL-LOID'AL, a. Having a form or appear-
ance like that of metal.
MET-AL-LUR'Gl, a. Pertaining to metallurgy.
MET'AL-LUR-GIST, n. One skilled in refining
metals.
M ET'AL-LUR-GY, n. The art of separating metals
from their ores, refining, and working them.
MET-A-MOEPH'I, a. Noting the changes which
minerals or rocks may have undergone by the
agency of heat since their original deposition.
MET-A-MCRPH'ISM, n. In geology, the state or
qualitj of being metamorphic.
MET-A-MORPH'OSE, v. t. To transform ; to change
the form of, particularly the form of insects, as
from the larva to the winged state.
MET-A-MORPH'O-SIS, n. ; pi. HET-A-MSEPH'O-SBS.
Change of form, as from a caterpillar to a butter-
fly.
MET'A-PHOR, n. A short similitude ; a word ex-
pressing similitude ; a simile.
MKT-A-PHOB/KI, "Jo. Expressing similitude ;
MET-A-PHOR'I-AL, j figur,
MET-A-PHORKJ-AL-LY, ad. By a figure: not
literally.
MKT'A-PHRASE, n. A verbal translation.
MET-A-PHRAS'TI (-fras'tik), a. Literal; ren-
dered word for word.
MET-A-PHY$'I, \a. According or relating
MET-A-PHYS'I-AL, ) to metaph
MET-A-PHYS'I-AL-LY, ad. By metaphysics ; in
the manner of metaphysical science.
MET-A-PHY-$1"CIAN (-fe-zlsh'an), n. One versed
in metaphysics.
MET-A-PHYS'IS (-ffz'iks), n. The science of the
principles and causes of all things existing; hence,
the science of mind or intelligence.
MET'A-PLASM, n. A change made in a word by
transposing or retrenching a syllable.
ME-TAS'TA-SIS, n. The translation of a disease
from one part to another.
MET-A-TAR'SUS, n. The middle of the foot.
ME-TATH' E-SIS, n . A figure by which the letters
or syllables of a word are transposed ; in medicine,
the change or removal of a morbid cause without
expulsion.
ME-TA'YER, n. [Fr.] In France and Italy, a farmer
holding land for half the produce to the proprie-
tor, who furnishes tools and stock.
METE, v. t. To measure length or dimension.
METE, n.; pi. MTES (meets). Limits ; boun-
daries.
MET
280
MID
i, fi, kc., long. X, B, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LiST,
ME-TEMP-SY-HO'SIS (-se-ko'sis), n. Transmi-
gration ; the passing of the soul into another
ME'TE-OE, n. A luminous body passing in the air ;
any thing that dazzles or strikes with wonder.
ME-TE-OR'I, a. Consisting of or pertaining to
meteors ; proceeding from a meteor.
ME-TE-OR'O-LlTE, ") n. A meteoric stony sub-
ME'TE-OE-ITE, j stance falling from the at-
mosphere ; aerolite.
ME-TE-OE-O-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to meteor-
ME-TE-OE-OL'0-GY, n. The science of the at-
mosphere.
ME-TE'OE-OUS, o. Having the properties of a
meteor.
ME'TER, ") n. Literally, a measure ; hence that
ME'TEE,.) which measures, as the arrangement
of syllables and poetical feet ; a French measure
of length, nearly equal to 39? inches.
METEWAND, ") n. A staff or rod used as a meas-
METE'YARD, / ure.
ME-THEG'LIN, n. A liquor made of honey and
water.
ME-THlNKS', v. imp. It seems to me ; I think.
METH'OD, n. An orderly arrangement; way of
doing things. SYN. Mode ; manner. Method im-
plies arrangement j mode, mere action or exist-
ence. Method is a way of reaching a given end by
a series of acts which tend to secure it ; mode re-
lates to a single action, to the form, or mode of
existence it assumes in its performance. Manner
(from manus) is literally the Dandling of a thing,
and has a wider sense, embracing both inethod and
mode. An instructor may adopt a good method of
teaching to write ; the scholar may acquire a bad
mode of holding his pen ; the manner in which he is
corrected will greatly affect his success or failure.
ME-THOD'I, ") a. Eanged in convenient or-
ME-THOD'I-AL, j der; regular.
ME-THOD'I-AL-LY, ad. In due order.
METH'OD-ISM, n. The doctrines and worship of
a denomination of Christians founded by John
Wesley, and called Methodists, from the strictness
of their rules, and regularity of their conduct ; a
cant term for great religious strictness.
METH'OD-IST, n. A strict observer of method ;
an adherent to Methodism ; a cant term for one
strictly religious.
METH-OD-iST'K!, ~)a. Resembling the Metho-
METH-OD-IST'I-AL, j clists ; partaking of the
peculiarities of Methodists.
METH'OD-lZE, v. t. To dispose in order ; to ar-
range conveniently.
ME-THOUGHT' (me-thaut), pret. and pp. of ME-
BHINK. It seemed to me ; I thought.
Mf/jTH'ULE, or METH'YL, n. The hypothetical
jauical of methylic alcohol.
METH'UL-ENE, n. The hypothetical radical con-
taining one eauivalent less of oxygen than methyl.
METH'Y-LIJ or MfiTH'Y-LAT-ED, n. Noting
alcohol obtained from the distillation of wood.
MET-O-NYM'I)-AL, ) a. Used by way of me- 1
MET-O-NYM'KI. ) tonymy.
MET'O-NYM-Y or ME-TON'Y-MY, n. In rhetoric,
a trope in which one word is put for another, as
a table, for provisions.
ME'TRE, n. Measure. See METER.
MET'EI--GAL, a. Consisting of measures, or due
arrangement or combination of long and short
syllables; consisting of verses.
ME-TROL'O-GY, n. Science or treatise on mea-
sures.
MET y BO-NOME. n. A clock-like instrument, with
a short pendulum, for timing music, &c.
ME-TRON'O-MY, n. The measuring of time by an
instrument.
ME-TROP'O-LIS, n. The chief city of a country
or state.
MET-RO-POL'I-TAN, a. Pertaining to the chief!
city.
MET-BO-POL'I-TAN, n. An archbishop.
FALL, WIIA.T; TH^RE, TfiRM; MARINE, BIRD ; M-'JVK,
MET-EO-POL'I-TI, ") a. Pertaining to a me-
MET-EO-PO-LIT'I-AL, j tropolis.
MET'TLE (met'tl), n. Spirit ; courage ; vivacity ;
constitutional ardour.
MET'TLD, a. High-spirited: ardent: full of
fire.
METTLE-SOME, a. Full of spirit ; having con-
stitutional ardour. STN. Fiery: spirited: lively;
gay ; brisk.
MfiT'TLE-SOME-NESS (mgt'tl-sum-), n. The state
of being high-spirited.
MEW (mu), n. A cage or coop ; a sea-fowl.
MEW (mu), v. t. To shut up ; to confine in a cage
or other inclosure; to shed, as feathers.
MEW (mu), v. t. To cry as a cat.
MEWING, n. A crying, as of a cat ; the act of
casting feathers or skin.
MEWL (mule), v. i. To cry or squall as a child.
MEWS (muze), n. pi. Place for horses and carri-
ages.
ME-ZE'EE-ON, n. A species of DapTine, whose
bark produces vesication.
MEZ'ZO-EE-LIEV'O fmed'zo-re-leev'o), n. [If.]
Middle relief.
MEZ'ZO-TlNTOOngd'zo-tm'to),')^ [It.] An en-
MEZ'ZO-TINT, $ graving on cop-
per in imitation of painting in India ink.
MZ'ZO VO'CE (med'zo vo'cha). [It.] In music, de-
noting a medium fulness of voice.
MI'ASM, n. An infecting particle or substance
floating in the air.
Ml-Affi'MA, n. ; pi. MI-AS'M-ATA. Noxious effluvia ;
infectious substance, or fine noxious particles of
putrefying bodies floating in the air, and consid-
ered to be noxious to health.
M I-AS'MAL, a. Eclating to or impregnated with
miasma.
Ml-Ai?-MAT'I, a. Pertaining to or consisting of
miasm.
Ml'! A, n. A mineral capable of being cleaved into
very thin and more or less transparent plates,
with metallic lustre used like glass for lanterns,
stoves, &c.
Ml-A'CEOUS (-shus), a. Pertaking of mica.
MICE, n. ; pi. of MOUSE.
MlH'AEL-MAS (mlk'el-mas), n. Feast of St.
Michael, September 29 ; autumn.
MlCK'LE(mik'kl),a. Much; great. [Sco(c7i,muckle.l
MI'!EO-O$M, n. Literally, the little world ; but
used for man as an epitome of the universe, or
great world. [cosm.
Ml-EO-eO$'MI-eAL, a. Pertaining to the micro-
Ml-CEOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument used for
measuring small objects, spaces, and angles.
Ml'EO-SOPB, n. A magnifying instrument.
Ml-RO-SGOP'I-e, \a. Pertaining to a micro-
Ml--eRO-SOP'I-AL, $ scope ; resembling a mi-
croscope; very small.
MlD', a. Middle ; intervening, as in mid-air.
MlD'DAY, n. Noon ; the middle of the day ; a.
being at noon ; meridional.
MlD'DLE, a. Equally distant from the ends ; in-
termediate.
MlD'DLE, n. The point equally remote from the
extremes ; the centre ; the midst ; the time be-
tween the beginning and the end. See MIDST.
MlD'DLE-AGE'D, a. Being about the middle of
man's ordinary age.
MlD'DLE-M AN, n. An agent between two parties ;
in Ireland, one who takes large tracts, and rents
out in small portions at a much higher price.
MlD'DLE-MOST, a. Being nearest the middle.
M ID'DLING, a. Of a middle rank ; moderate.
M ID'DLINGS, n. pi. The coarser part of flour.
MlDGE, n. A gnat.
MlD'-HEAV-JEN, n. The middle of the sky ; the
highest point of the ecliptic.
MlD'LAND, a. Being in the interior country.
MID'LEG, n. The middle of the leg.
MID' MOST, a. Middle.
M1DTSTIGHT (-nlte), n. The middle of the night |
twelve o'clock.
MID
281
MIL
I>6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BTJLL ; Vf'CIOUS.
MlD'NlGHT, a. Being the middle of the night;
Yery <i
MlD'RIB, n. The principal vein of a leaf.
MlD'KIFF, n. The diaphragm which separates the
thorax from the abdomen.
MlD'SHIP, a. In the middle of a ship.
MlD'SHIP-MAN, 7i. ; pi. M JD'SHIP-MEN. In ships of
u-ar, a kind of naval cadet or young officer.
MID'SHIPS, ad Properly, amidships. In the
middle of the ship.
MIDST, 7i. The central point. Sp. Middle.
Midst is the superlative of mid (middle), denot-
the very centre, and hence implies " sur-
rounded l>y," " involved in," " in the thickest of,"
as in the midst of a forest, of the waves, of dark-
ness, &c Middle has no such intensive sense,
and is often applied to extent in only one direc-
tion, as the middle of a line, of the street, &c.
Midst is very frequently used abstractly or figura-
tively, as in the midst of afflictions, cares, <fcc. ;
middle is never thus used with propriety. We can
not say, In the middle of my contemplations on
that subject, but in the 7nidst.
MIDST, ad. In the middle.
MHXS . The middle of the stream.
MlD'-Sl3I-iM K U, ?i. The summer solstice.
MID'WAY (-wu), n. The middle.
MID'WAY, ad. Half-way.
MlDTVlFE, 71.; pi. MID'W!VES. One who assists
at childbirth.
MID'WIFE-RY, 7i. The art of aiding and facilitating
childbirth ; assistance at childbirth ; help or co-
operation in production.
MlD'-WlN-TER. n. The winter solstice, or rather
middle of winter in February.
MIEN (meen), n. The whole external appearance
and carriage of the body. SYN. Air ; manner ;
countenence ; aspect ; demeanour ; deportment.
MlFF, n. Slight resentment ; peevishness.
MIGHT (mite), TI. Power; strength of body or
physical power; political power or national
strength ; strength of purpose ; strength of affec-
tion. SYN. Power; force; valour; ability; vigour.
MIGHT'I-LY (mi'te-ly), ad. Powerfully ; with force.
MIGHT'I-NESS (mi'te-nessj, n. Power; greatness
of strength ; dignity ; a title of dignity.
MIGHT Y (mi'ty), a. Having great bodily strength
or phy; i^nl power ; having great command ; strong
in numbers ; rushing with violence ; eminent in
intellect or acquirements ; performed with great
power ; very great, popular, or important. SYN.
Powerful ; strong ; vigorous.
MIGN-ON-ETTE' (min-yo-nef), n. [/V.] A plant
bearing flowers of an agreeable odour.
MI'GRATE, v. i. To remove for residence to an-
other country or state.
MI'GRA-TING, a. Removing from one state to
another for residence.
MI-GKA'TION, n. Act of migrating ; removal.
MI'GRA-TO-RY, a. Passing to a distant place for
residence; roving; wandering; passing from one
climate to another, as birds.
MILCH, a. Giving milk.
MILD, a. Gently affecting the senses ; operating
gently ; having tenderness of disposition ; not
fierce, rough, or frowning; not sharp or bitter ;
moderately sweet or pleasant ; in a state of calm-
ness or moderation. SYN. Gentle; calm; soft;
mellow; tender; placid. SeeGicNTLE.
MlL'DEW (nrtl'du), TI. A thin whitish coating on
plants, occasioning disease, &c. ; spots on cloth
or p;v
MlL'DEW, v. t. or i. To affect with mildew.
MlLD'LY, ad. Gently; softly; calmly; moder-
ately, &c.
MILD'NESS, n. The state or quality of being soft,
gentle, tender, moderate, or of pleasantly affect-
ing the senses. SYN. Gentleness; calmness;
softness ; tenderness ; clemency.
MILE, n. A linear measure of 320 rods, 1760 yards,
5280 feet, or 80 chains.
MILE' AGE, n. Fees for travel by the mile.
, -e as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; Cn as sii ; THIS.
MILESTONE, n. A stone set to mark the distanca
or the space of a mile.
MlL'IA-RY, a. Accompanied with an eruption liko
millet-seeds ; very small.
M I L'1-TANT, a. Fighting ; engaged in warfare.
MIL'I-TA-RI-LY, ad. In a soldierly manner.
MlL'I-TA-RY, a. Pertaining to soldiers or arms ;
engaged in the service or derived from the ex-
ploits of soldiers ; conformed to the customs or
rules of armies ; performed by soldiers ; warlike ;
suiting a soldier.
MlL'I-TA-RY, n. Soldiers ; troops in general.
MIL'I-TATE, v. i. To oppose or contradict; used
with against.
MI-LI"TIA (me-lfsh'a), n. Men enrolled for mili-
tary service in exigencies, but commonly pursuing
their ordinary vocations ; citizen soldiers in dis-
tinction from regular troops.
MlLK, n. A fluid secreted by mammiforous ani-
mals for the nourishment of their young; the
white juice of certain plants.
MlLK, t/. t. To draw milk from a cow, &c.
MILK'EN (mU'kn), a. Consisting of milk.
MlLK'ER, n. One that draws milk.
MlLK'ING, n. The act of drawing milk from the
breast or teats by hand.
MlLK'-LlV-ERED, a. Cowardly ; timorous
MILK'MAN, n. A man that carries or sells milk.
MlLK-POR'RIDGE, ) n. A species of food com-
MlLK'-POT-TAGE, j posed of milk, or milk and
water, boiled with meal or flour.
MlLK'-S-fiORE, n. A scored account of milk.
MlLK'-SlCK-NESS, n. A peculiar malignant dis-
ease in some parts of the Western States, affect-
ing farm-stock and persons who use the meat or
products of the dairy of infected cattle.
MlLK'SOP, n. A feeble-minded man.
MlLK'-TOOTH, n. The fore tooth of a foal.
MJLK'-TREE, n. A name of several trees yielding
a milky juice fit for food, as the cow-tree.
MlLK'-WEED, n. An herb with a milky juice and
seeds attached to a long silky down.
MILK'-WHITE, a. White as milk.
MlLK/Y, a. Made of or like milk ; yielding milk ;
mild ; timorous.
MlLKTT-WAY (mnk'y-wa), n. A broad luminous
path or circle in the heavens.
MlLL, n. In the United States, the tenth of a cent.
MILL, n. An engine or machine for grinding and
reducing to fine particles ; the building used for
grinding.
MILL, v. t. To grind, as grain, &c. ; to stnmp
coin ; to pass through a fulling mill ; t
severely with the fists.
MILL'-DAM, n. A dam to keep water for a mill.
MIL-LE-NA'RI-AN, a. Consisting of a thousand
years ; pertaining to the millennium.
MIL-LE-NA'RI-AN, n. One who believes in Christ's
personal reign on earth for a thousand yi
MIL-LE-NA'RI-AN-ISM, n. The doctrine of the
millennium.
MlL'LE-NA-RY, . The space of a thousand
years.
MIL-LEN'NI-AL, a. Relating to the millennium.
MIL-LEN'NI-AL-IST, n. One who believes Christ
will reign on earth a thousand years.
MIL-LN'NI-UM, n. A thousand years ; the thou-
sand years of universal holiness on earth.
MlL'LE-PED, \n. A creature with many or a
M I L'LE-PEDE, ) thousand feet ; slaters, and wood
lice.
MlL'LE-PORES, n. A genus of lithophytes.
Ml I/LE-PORE, 71. A kind of coral full of pores.
M I L'LE-POR-ITE, n. A fossil millepore.
MlLL'ER, TI. One who attends a mill; an insect
having the wings apparently covered with flour.
MIL-LES'I-MAL, n. Thousandth ; consisting of
thousandth parts.
MIL'LET, n. A plant or its grain, used for food.
MlL'LI-GRAM, \n. In French weights and
MIL' LI-GRAMME, $ measures, the thousandth
part of a oramme.
MIL
282
MIN
I, fi, &c., long. I, K, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, FAJ-L WHAT; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BiD; MOVE,
A French measure of capa-
city, the thousandth part of a
A French lineal measure,
the thousandth part of a
MIL-LlL'I-TEE, ") n.
MIL'LI-LI-TR, j
litre.
MIL-LlM'E-TEE, > n.
MIL'LI-ME-TBE, $
metre.
MIL'LI-NEE, n. One who makes ladies' caps and
bonnets.
MlL'LI-NEE-Y, n. Head-dresses, bonnets, rib-
bons, lace, &c.
MILL'ING, n. The act or employment of passing
grain through a mill ; the act of making a raised
impression on the edges of coin, &c.
MlLL'ION (mil'yun), a. Ten hundred thousand.
MILL-ION-AIRE' (-are'), n. [JFr.] A man worth a
million ; one of great wealth.
MILLIONTH (mU'yunth), o. The ten hundred
thousandth.
MlLL'-POND, n. A pond of water for driving a
mill.
MlLL'-EACE, n. A canal to convey water to a
mill- wheel, or the stream.
MILL'KEE' } n - A coin of Portu s al > about 5s -
MILL-STONE, n. A stone for grinding corn.
MlLL'STONE-GEIT, n. A hard gritty sand-stone
of the carboniferous system, used for mill-stones.
MILL'WKIGHT, n. One who constructs mills.
MILT, n. The spleen ; the soft roe of male fishes.
MlLT'EE, . A male fish.
MIME, n. Among the ancients, a kind of farce ; an
actor in such representations.
Ml-MET'ie, ") a. Given to aping or imitation ;
Ml-MBT'KJ-AL, j imitative ; apt to imitate.
MlM'LG, ") a. Imitative ; inclined to ape j con-
Mi M'I-AL, ) sistiiag of imitation.
MlM'I-6, 7i. One who apes or imitates ; a buffoon ;
a mean or servile imitator.
MlM1j v. t. To imitate for sport ; to ridicule by
imitation. SYN. To ape; imitate ; counterfeit ;
mock.
MIM'ICK-EE, n. One who mimics.
MlM'I-EY, 11. Imitation for sport.
MI-MO'SA, n. A genus of plants ; the sensitive
plant.
MI'NA, n. Ancient money ; in Greece, worth about
4 sterling.
Ml-NA'CIOUS (me-na'shus), a. Menacing; threat-
ening.
Ml-NAC'I-TT (me-nas'e-ty), n. Disposition to
threaten.
MlN'A-EET, n. A slender, lofty turret on
mosques, with a balcony from which the people
are called to prayer.
MlN'A-TO-EY, a. Threatening ; menacing.
MlNCE, v. t. To cut or chop into small pieces ; to
cut off for the purpose of suppressing truth ; to
palliate ; to speak with affected softness ; to walk
with short steps.
MlNCE,t>. i. To walk with affected nicety ; to af-
fect delicacy in manner ; to speak softly.
MlNCED (mmst), a. Cut or chopped into small
ieces.
EAT,} Meat chopped very fine.
MlNCE'-PlE, \n. Pie made of mince-meat and
MlNCED'-PiE, j fruit baked in paste.
MlN'CING-LY, ad. In small parts ; with short
steps.
MIND, n. The intellectual power of man; the va-
rious mental faculties, or their acts and exer-
cises ; the power of choice and the determination
formed ; the heart and affections. SYN. Intellect ;
understanding ; inclination ; will ; purpose ; in-
tention.
MIND, r. t. To attend to ; to fix the thoughts on ;
to yield to ; to put in mind ; to have an intention
Ml IN JL>, v. i. To be inclined or disposed to incline.
SYN. To notice; mark; regard; observe; obey.
MIND'ED, a. Disposed; inclined.
MIND'FUL, a. Eegardful; observant; attentive.
MIND'F'UL-LY, ad. Attentively; heedfully.
MIND'FUL-NESS, n. Eegard; heedfulness.
MINE, a., called sometimes a pronominal adjective,
Belonging to me.
MINE, n. A pit or place where minerals are dug ;
a source of wealth or good ; a subterraneous pas-
sage.
MINE, v. t. To dig away; to sap; to destroy
slowly.
MINE, v. i. To dig a mine ; to form a subter-
raneous canal, hole, or burrow ; to practise secret
means of injury.
MlN'EE, n. One who digs mines, canals, &c.
MlN'EE-AL, n. Name of the solid products of
chemical affinity, such as stones, ores, salts, &c.,
existing on or in the earth.
MlN'EE-AL, a. Pertaining to or impregnated with
mineral substances.
MlN'EE-AL-IST, n. One versed in minerals.
MIN-EE-AL-I-ZA'TION, n. Process of mineraliz-
ing.
MlN<EE-AL-IZE, v. t. To combine with a metal in
forming an ore ; to impregnate with a mineral.
MlN'EE-AL-IZE, v. i. To go on an excursion for
observing and collecting- minerals.
MlN'EE-AL-IZJBD, a. Converted into or impreg-
nated with mineral substances.
MlN'EE- AL-lZ-EE, n. The substance which mine-
ralizes.
MIN-EE-AL-OG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to minera-
logy.
MIN-EE-AL'O-GIST, n. One versed in the science
of minerals.
MIN-EE-AL'O-GY, n. The science of minerals.
Ml-NR'VA, n. The goddess of wisdom, war, and
the liberal arts.
MlN'E-VEE, n. A kind of ermine.
MlN G GLE (mmg'glj, v. t. To unite in one body ;
to blend; to compound; to join in mutual
society ; to contaminate or confuse ; to debase by
mixture.
M1N G 'GLE, v. i. To be mixed or united with.
! MlN G 'GLED, a. Mixed; united promiscuously.
I MlNG'GLBE (mmg'gler), n. One that mingles,
j MlN G 'GLING, n. Mixture ; a blending or mixing
j together.
MlN'IA-TOEE (mm'e-tur or mm'e-a-tur), n. A
small likeness; a picture or representation in a
small compass, or less than the reality.
MlN'IA-TOEE, a. On a small scale. "
MIN'I-KIN, a. Small; diminutive; n. a darling;
favourite.
MlN'IM, n. A dwarf ; a note in music ; half a
semibreve ; the smallest liquid measure ; a drop.
MIN'I-HUM, n.; pi. MIN'I-MA. [L.] The least
quantity, opposed to maximum.
MlN'lNG, a. Pertaining to or connected with the
digging of mines ; n. the art or employment of
digging mines.
MlN'ION (mm'yun), n. Primarily, a favourite;
one on whom a prince lavishes favour; hence,
one who gains favour by obsequiousness and flat-
tery ; a small type for printing ; a cannon of small
bore.
MlN'ION-LlKE, > v , x fa. After the man-
MIN'ION-LY, j m ^yun-),| n?r Qf & minion .
obsequiously ; with mean adulation.
MlN'IS-TEE, n. An agent ; a chief ofiicer in civil
affairs ; an ambassador or envoy ; one who per-
forms sacerdotal offices ; a pastor ; messenger.
MlN'IS-TEE, v. t. To give ; to afford; to supply.
MlN'IS-TEE, v. i. To perform service in any
office ; to afford supplies or relieve distress.
SYN. To attend; serve; officiate; administer;
relieve.
MIN-IS-TE'EI-AL, a. Pertaining to a minister;
acting in subordination ; pertaining to executive
offices, as distinct from judicial. SYX. Official;
clerical; priestly; ecclesiastical; sacerdotal.
MlN'IS-TRANT, a. Performing service ; atten-
dant ; acting at command.
MIN-IS-TEA'TION, n. Agency ; office ; function ;
service.
MIN
283
ivns
:, W<?LP, BQQK ; RM, ByiL ; vl"cioxis as i j 6 as J ; as z ; cnassn; nil.
plain, presenting the appearance of water 01
elevated objects ; a looming.
MIRE, n. Deep mud; soft, wet earth.
Ml RE, v. t. To soil with mud ; to fix in mud.
MIRE, v. i. To sink in mud, or sink so deep ws to
be unable to move on.
Ml-RIF'I-CENT, a. Causing wonder.
MI R'l- N ESS, n. The state of being miry.
MIR'KOR, n. A looking-glass ; a pattern.
MIR'ROR, v. t. To reflect or exhibit, as in a mir-
ror.
MlRTH (17), *. Hish excitement of feelings in
company ; noisy gaiety. SYN. Festivity ; glee ;
hilarity; joyousuess ; frolic; fun; merriment;
MlRTIi'FUL, a. Merry; gay; jolly; festive.
MlRTHTyL-LY, ail. " With jovialty ; gaily.
MlRTH'FLJL-NESS, n. State of mirth ; tendency to
mirth.
MlRTH'LESS, a. Having no gaiety.
MlRTH'LESS-NESS, n. Absence of mirth.
MlR'Y, a. Full of mire or mud.
MlR'ZA, n. A title of honour in Persia ; a prince.
MIS, a prefix, denotes error, mistake, wrong,
from the verb miss, to go wrong.
MIS-A-CEP-TA'TION, n. A taking in a wrong
sense.
MIS-AD-VENT'CRE (-v5nt'yur), n. An unlucky
accident, SY.V. Mischance ; mishap ; misfortune ;
infelicity; disaster; calamity.
MIS-AD-VEN'I'CR-OUS, a. Pertaining to misad-
venture. [FIRM.
MIS-AF-FlRM', v. t. To affirm incorrectly. Sea
MIS-AIMED' (mis-amd'), o. Not rightly aimed or
directed.
MIS-AL-LE&E' (-al-l5j), v. t. To state errone-
ously.
MIS-AL-LI'ANCE, n. Improper association.
MIS-AL-LIED' (mis-al-llde'), a. Ill-associated.
MlS'AN-THROPE, ) v , , f mankind
MIS-AN'THRO-PIST, S '
M1S-AN-THROP'I, ") a. Having an aversion
MIS-AN-THKOP'I-AL, j to mankind.
MIS-A N'THRO-PY, n. Hatred of mankind.
MIS-AP-PLI-GA'TION, ; i. plication.
MIS-AP-PLY', v. t. To apply to a wrong person or
MINIS-TRY, n. Office ; service ; agency ; eccle-
siastical profession ; time of office or ministra-
tion ; the executive council or ministers of state ;
business.
M1N'I-UM, n. Red lead or vermillion; deutoxide
of lead.
MINK, n. A small animal of the weasel tribe
whose fur is valued.
lit N NOW, n. A very small fresh-water fish.
MI'NOR, a. Less; smaller; inconsiderable. In
music, the minor key is that arrangement of tones
and semitones used for the mournful or plain-
ttre.
MI' NOB, n. A person of either ser under age ; in
logic, the second proposition of a regular syllo-
gism.
MI-NOR'I-TY. n. A state of being under age;
smaller number.
MlN'O-TAUR, n. A fabled monster, half man and
half bull.
MlN'STER, n. The church of a monastery ; a ca-
thedral church.
MlN'STREL, n. A singer or performer on instru-
ments.
MIN'STREL-SY, n. Arts and occupations of min-
strels ; instrumental music ; a company of mu-
sicians.
MINT, 71. The place where money is coined; place
of fabrication ; a plant.
MINT, v. t. To coin as money ; to invent.
MlNT'AGE, n. Duty for coining; coinage.
MlN'C-END, n. The number from which another
is to be subtracted.
MlN'C-ET, n. A graceful and regular dance.
MI'NUS \L.~] A term in algebra denoting sub-
traction ; it is sometimes used for decrease or
diminution.
MlN'UTE (min'ute or mm'itj, n. The sixtieth part
of an hour, or a degree ; note in writing.
MlN'UTE (min'it), v. t. To note in few words.
MI-NUTE', a. Very small; of little consequence;
attending to small things; critical SYN. Cir-
cumstantial ; particular. A circumstantial ac-
count embraces all the leading events ; a particu-
lar account goes further, and includes each event
and movement, though of but little importance ;
a minute account goes further still, and omits
nothing as to person, time, place, adjuncts, &c.
MiN'UTE-BQQK (mln'it-bcok) , n. A book for
short notes ; a book of short hints.
MlN'UTE-GLASS (mm'it-glas), n. A glass, the
sand of which measures a minute.
MlN'UTE-GUN, n. A gun fired every minute.
MlN'TTTE-HAND (mm'it-h&nd), n. The hand that
points to the minute on a clock.
MlN'UTE-LY (mm'it-ly), ad. Every minute; a.
happening every minute.
MI-N OTE'LY, ad. To a small point ; exactly.
TE-MEN (mm'it-men), n. pi. Men ready
for service at a minute's notice.
MI-NCTE'NESS, n. The state or quality of small-
ness ; exactness.
MI-NUTI-M (me-nu'she-a), n. pi. [L.] The least
particulars.
Ml NX, n. A pert, wanton girl ; a she puppy.
MI'O-CENE, a. Less recent ; a term applied in
geology to the middle division of the tertiary
strata.
MI-RAB'I-LE DIC'TU. [L.] Wonderful to be
told.
MlR'A-!LE (mfr'a-kl), n. An act or event beyond
the ordinary laws of nature ; a wonder ; a pro-
digy. In theology, an event contrary to the estab-
lished course of things ; a supernatural event ;
anciently, a spectacle or dramatic representation
of the lives of saints.
M!-KA'C-LOUS, a. Supernatural; wonderful
Ml-':A'U-LOUS-LY, ad. By miracle; wonder-
fully.
MIR-A-nOR', n. A balcony or gallery.
JHMMGE' (me-razh',) n. '"Fr.] An optical illusion
from an unequal refraction on a desert or sandy
, v. t To misunderstand ; to
take in awron? sense.
MIS-AP-PRE-HEN'SION (-hPn'shun), n. A wrong
apprehension of one's meaning or of a fact. STN.
M isconception ; misunderstanding ; mistaking ;
mistake.
MIS-AP-PRO-PRI-A'TION, n. Wrong appropria-
tion.
MIS-BECOME' (-kum'), c. t. To suit ill ; not to
become.
MIS-BE-HAVE', v. i. To behave improperly.
MIS-BE-HAVIOUR (-hav'yur), n. Ill conduct;
bad practice.
MIS-BE-LIEF' (-be-leef), n. False belief; false
religion.
MIS-UE-STOW (-be-sto'), v. t. To bestow impro-
MIS-{?Al/eU-LATE, v. t. To calculate wrong.
MIS-AL--eU-LA'TION, n. Wrong calculation.
MIS-)ALL' (-kawl'), v. t. To name improperly.
MIS-AR'RIA6E (-kar'ij), n. Unfortunate event
of an undertaking ; failure; improper behaviour;
act of bringing forth within six months of concep-
tion.
MIS-AR'EY, v. i. To fail of success or of a proper
birth; to fail of the intended object; to suffer a
defeat.
MIS-AST', v. t. To cast erroneously ; n. an erro-
neous reckoning.
MIS-CEL-LA-NA'Iil-AN, a. Pertaining to miscel-
lany ; n. a writer of miscellanies.
MIS-CEL-LA'NE-OUS, a. Mixed; mingled; con-
sisting of several kinds.
MIS-CEL-LA'NE-OUS-LY, ad. With mixture or
variety.
MIS
284
MIS
I, t, Sec., long. i, t, &c., short. C!RE, FAR, LAST,
M IS'CEL-LA-NY, n. A mixture of various kinds ;
a collection of various kinds of composition.
MIS-CHANCE', n. Ill fortune; ill luck. SYH.
Misfortune; mishap; misadventure; infelicity;
disaster ; calamity.
MIS-CHARGE', n. A mistake in charging.
MIS-CHARGE', v. t. To make a mistake in entry
in a book, as an account.
MIS'CHIEF (nrfs'cliif), n. Something ill that dis-
turbs ; injury that annoys. STN. Damage ; harm.
Damage (L. damnum) is an injury which diminishes
the value of a thing ; harm is an injury which
causes trouble or inconvenience ; mischief is an
injury which disturbs the order and consistency
of things. "We often suffer damage or harm from
accident, or from the course of Providence, but
mischief always springs from the perversity or
folly of man. No one can tell the mischiefs which
result to a community from a tattling disposition.
MIS'CHIEF, v. t. To harm ; to injure.
MlS'CHIEF-MAK-ER, n. One who makes mis-
chief.
MIS'CHIEF-MAK-ING, a. Causing harm; excit-
ing enmity or quarrels.
MIS'CHIEV-OUS (mis'che-vus), a. Making mis-
chief; causing harm; inclined to dp harm. SYN.
Hurtful; injurious; harmful; detrimental.
MIS'CHIEV-OUS-LY, ad. Hurtfully; with evil
design.
MtS'CHIEV-OUS-NESS, n. The disposition to do
harm ; hurtfuluess.
MlSCH'NA. See MISHNA.
MIS-CHOOSE', v. t. To make a wrong choice.
MIS-Cl-TA'TION, n. A false quotation ; a wrong
citation.
MIS-CITE', v. t. To quote erroneously or falsely.
MIS-LAIM', n. A wrong claim.
MIS-GOM-PU-TA'TION, n. False reckoning.
MIS-eOM-PCTE', v. t. To compute erroneously.
MIS-ON-CEIT'(-seet'),") n. Erioneous concep-
MIS-ON-CEP'TION, J tion ; wrong notion or
understanding of a thing. SYN. Misapprehension ;
misunderstanding ; mistake.
MIS-CON-CEIVE' (-kon-seev'), v. i. To have a
wrong notion of. STN. To misapprehend; mis-
understand; misjudge; mistake.
MIS--eON'DUCT, n. Ill conduct; bad behaviour;
wreng management. SYN. Misbehaviour ; misde-
meanour; mismanagement.
MIS-eON-jECT'URE (-jSkt'yur), n. A wrong con-
jecture.
MIS-)ON-JECT'ORE, v. i. To make a wrong con-
jecture.
MIS-ON-jT'CRE, v.t. To guess wrong.
MIS-dON-STRCTC'TION, n. Wrong interpreta-
tion ; mistake of the true meaning.
MIS-GON'STRUE (31), v. t. To interpret wrong,
either words or things.
MIS--epUNT', v. i. To count erroneously ; to mis-
take in coiinting ; v. i. to make wrong reckoning.
MIS-COUNT', n. An erroneous count.
MlS'RE-ANT, TI. An infidel; a vile wretch.
MIS-DATE', v. t. To date erroneously.
MIS-DATE', n. A wrong date.
MIS-DEED', n. An evil action. SYN. Miscon-
duct ; misdemeanour ; trespass ; transgression.
MIS-DEEM', v. t. To judge erroneously.
MIS-DE-MEAN', v. t. To behave ill with a recip-
rocal pronoun.
MIS-DE-MEAN'OUR, n. Ill behaviour; offence
less atrocious than a crime. SYN. Misconduct;
misbehaviour ; fault ; trespass.
MIS-DI-RET', v. t. To give a wrong direction to;
to direct to a wrong person or place.
MIS-DI-RT'ED, a. Directed wrong, or to a
wrong person or place.
MIS-DI-R'TION, n. The act of directing
wrongly; in law, error of a judge in charging a
MIS-DO' (-doo'), v. t. or v. i. To do badly.
MIS-DO'ER (-doo'er), n. One who does wrong ; an
FALL, WHAT; TH&BB, TRM; MARINE, BLED; MOVB,
MIS-DCVlNG, n. A wrong done ; an offence.
MIS-DOUBT 7 , v. t. To suspect of deceit.
MIS-DOUBT', n. Suspicion of crime or danger.
MIS-EM-PLOY', v. t. To use to no purpose or to
a bad purpose.
MIS-EM-PLOY ED', a. Used to a bad or to no pur-
pose.
MIS-EM-PLOY-MENT, n. Ill employment ; appli-
cation to no purpose, or to a bad one.
MIS-EN'TRY, n. A wrong entry in a book.
Ml'SER, n. An extremely covetous person ; a mean
fellow ; a sordid wretch.
MlS'ER- A-BLE, a. Very unhappy from any cause ;
poor and worthless ; causing misery ; barren of
good; deserving contempt. SYN. Forlorn; piti-
able ; wretched ; unhappy ; mean.
MlS'ER- A-BLY, ad. Wretchedly ; very meanly.
MIS-E-R&RE, n. [L.] In the Roman Catholic
Church, the 51st psalm, appointed for acts of peni-
tence.
MI'SER-LY, a. Very covetous. SYN. Niggardly :
parsimonious ; penurious.
MlS'ER-Y, n. Great unhappiness ; extreme pain
of body or mind ; natural evils which are causes
of wretchedness. SYN. Wretchedness ; anguish ;
distress ; calamity ; misfortune ; covetousness.
MIS-FEA'$ANCE (-fe'zance), n. Trespass ; wrong
done.
MIS-FORM', v. t. To put in an ill shape.
MIS-FORT'UNE (-fort'yun), n. Mischance ; disas-
ter. See AFFLICTION.
MIS-GlVE', v. t. To fail in confidence ; to give
way ; usually applied to the heart. See GIVE.
MIS-GlV'ING, n. Failure of confidence ; distrust.
MIS-GOT'TEN (-got'tn), a. Ill gotten ; unjustly ob-
tained.
MIS-GO V'ERN (-guv'ern), v. t. To govern amiss ; to
administer unfaithfully.
MIS-GOV'ERN-ANCE, n. Ill government ; disor-
der ; irregularity.
MIS-GOVERNED (-gtiv'ernd), a. HI governed;
badly administered ; rude.
MIS-GOV'ERN-MENT, n. A bad administration of
public affairs ; ill management of private affairs ;
irregularity ; disorder.
MIS-GUI D'ANCE, n. Wrong direction.
MIS-GUIDE', v. t. To direct ill ; to mislead.
MIS-GUID'ED, a. Led astray by evil counsel or
wrong direction.
MIS-GUID'ING, n. The act of misleading.
MIS-HAP', n. Ill chance or cross event. SYN.
Misfortune ; mischance ; accident ; disaster.
MlSH'MASH, n. A mingle or hotch-potch.
MlSH'NA, TI. A collection of Jewish traditions.
MIS-IM-PROVE (-im-proov'), v. t. To use to no
purpose or to a bad one.
MIS-IM-PROVM)' (-proovd'), a. Used to a bad
MIS-IM-PROVE'MENT, n. HI use or employment ;
improvement to a bad purpose.
MIS-IN-FORM', v. t. To give a wrong account
to; to furnish with an incorrect statement of
facts.
MIS-IN-FOR-MA'TION, n. Wrong information.
MIS-IN-FORMED', a. Wrongly informed.
MIS-IN-STRU'TION, n. Wrong instruction.
MIS-IN-TfiR'PRET, v. t. To explain erroneously ;
to understand in a wrong sense ; to miscon-
strue.
MIS-IN-TER-PRET-A'TION, n. Wrong explana-
MIS-IN-TER'PRET-ED, a. Wrongly understood or
explained.
MIS-JOIN', v. t. To join improperly.
MIS-JOIN'DER, TI. In law, the illegal joining of
several distinct demands in a declaration.
MIS-JUDGE', v. t. To judge amiss ; v. i. to form
false opinions or notions ; to err in judgment.
MIS-JUDGED' (-judjd), a. Erroneously judged.
MIS-JUDG'MENT, n. Erroneous judgment; a
wrong or unjust determination.
MIS-LAID', pp. Laid in a wrong place ; lost.
MIS
285
MIS
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; IlflLE, BfLL ; Vl"ciOUS
JlIS-LAY' (-la'), v. t. To lay in a wrong place; to
lay in a place not recollected ; to lose.
MlS'LE (miz'zl), t?. i. To rain in very fine drops
like thick mist.
MlS'LE, n. A small rain like mist.
MIS-LEAD', v. t. To lead into error ; to deceive ;
to cause to mistake. SIN. To delude. To mis-
lead is to lead astray in any manner; to delude
is to do it by exciting the imagination. The
former does not of necessity imply any bad de-
sign ; a man may mislead us through false in-
formation or erroneous judgment. The latter
always supposes more or less of conscious inten-
tion ; an impostor deludes his dupes by false pre-
tences and hypocrisy.
MIS-LEA D'ER, n. One who misguides.
MIS-LEADING, n. A misguiding.
MlS'LE-TOE. See MISTLETOE.
MIS-LIKE', v. t. To dislike; to disapprove; n.
dislike ; distaste ; aversion.
MlS'LY , o. Raining in very small drops.
MIS-MAN' AGE, v. t. To manage ill; to administer
improperly.
MIS-MAN'AGE, v. i. To behave ill; to conduct
amiss.
MIS-MAN'AGE-MENT, n. Bad management or
conduct.
MIS'MAN'A-GER, n. One who manages ill.
MIS-MARK', v. t. To mark erroneously or with
the wrong token.
MIS-MATCH', v. t. To match unsuitably.
MIS-NAME', v. t. To call by a wrong name.
MIS-NO'MER', n. A misnaming ; in law, the mis-
taking of the true name of a person.
MIS-OB-SERVE', v. t. To observe inaccurately.
MI-SGG/A-MY, n. Hatred of marriage.
MIS-O-PlN'ION, n. An erroneous opinion.
MIS-PEL. See MISSPEL.
MIS-PER-SUADE' (-per-swadeO, v.t. To persuade
amiss, or to lead to a wrong opinion.
MIS-PER-SUA'SION (-per-swa'zhun), n. False per-
suasion ; a wrong notion or opinion.
MIS-PICK'EL (-plk'kl), n. An ore of arsenic.
MIS-PLACE', v. t. To put in a wrong place ; to
place on an improper object.
MIS-PLAC-ED', a. Placed wrong or on an improper
object.
MIS-PLEAD 7 , v. i. To err in pleading.
MIS-POINT, v. t. To point erroneously.
MIS-PRINT', v. t. To print erroneously.
MIS-PRlNT', n. An error in printing ; a deviation
from the copy.
MIS-PRlNT'ED, a. Erroneously printed.
MIS-PRlS'ION (mis-prfzh'un), n. Neglect; con-
tempt; in law, the knowledge and concealment
of crime without assenting to it, as of treason, or
felony.
MIS-PRIZE', v. t. To value amiss ; to undervalue.
MIS-PRO-FESS', v. t. To make a false profession
of ; to make pretensions to skill not possessed.
MIS-PRO-NOUNCE', v. t. To pronounce wrong.
MIS-PRO-NOUNCE', v. i. To pronounce incor-
rectly.
MIS-PRO-NUN-CI-ATION (-pro-nun-she-a'shun),
n. "Wrong pronunciation.
MIS-PRO-POR'TION, v. t. To proportion wrong ;
to join without due proportion.
MIS-QUO-TA'TION, n. Act of quoting wrong ;
erroneous quotation.
MIS-QUOTE', v. t. To quote erroneously ; to cite
incorrectly.
MIS-RE CK'ON, t'. t. To reckon or compute falsely.
MIS-RECK'ON-ING, n. An erroneous computa-
tion.
MIS-RE-LATE', v. t. To relate inaccurately.
MIS-RE-MEM'BER, v. t. To remember amiss.
MIS-REP-RE-SENT', v. t. To represent falsely.
MIS-REP-RE-SEN -TATION, n. False representa-
tion ; incorrect account given.
MIS-RULE' (31), n. Confusion ; disorder ; tu-
mult ; tumult from insubordination ; unjust domi-
nation.
, -easK; ciasj; sasz; cnassH; THIS.
MISS, n. The title of a young woman.
MlSS, n. A failure to Mt; a loss, mistake, 01
want.
MlSS, v. t. Not to hit ; to escape ; to fail ; to omit
or pass by.
MlSS, v. t. To fail to hit ; not to succeed ; to mis-
carry ; to mistake.
MtS'SAL, n. The Romish mass-book.
MIS-SEND', v. t. [pret. and pp. MISSENT.] To send
amiss or incorrectly.
MIS-SERVE', v. t. To serve unfaithfully.
MIS-SHAPE', v. t. To give an ill form to.
MIS-SHAPELY, a. Shaped ill : deformed.
MIS-SHAP'N (-sha'pn), a. Ill formed ; deformed ;
ugly.
MlS'SlLE (nrfs'sil), n. A weapon intended to be
thrown, as an arrow or bullet ; a. thrown ; that
may be thrown.
MlSS'ING, a. Lost ; absent from where it was to
have been found ; wanting.
MlS'SION (mlsh'un), n. A sending or being sent;
legation ; persons sent ; any number of persons
appointed by authority to perform any service ;
a station of missionaries. SYN. Message ; errand ;
commission ; delegation ; deputation.
MlS'SION-A-RY (mlsh'un-a-ry), n. One sent to
spread religion ; a. pertaining to missions.
MlS'SlVE, a. Sent, or that may be sent; n. a mes-
senger or letter sent.
MIS-SPEAK', v. t. or v. i. To err in speaking ; to
utter amiss.
MIS-SPEL', 0. t. To spell erroneously ; to write
or utter with wrong letters.
MIS-SPEND', v. t. To waste; to lavish away.
MIS-SPENT', a. HI spent ; wasted.
MIS-STATE', v. t. To state inaccurately.
MIS-STATE'MENT, n. An erroneous statement.
MIS-STAYED' (-stade'), a. Having missed stays, as
a ship.
MIST, n. Rain in very fine and almost impercep-
tible drops : that which dims and darkens.
MlST, v. t. To cloud or cover with vapour ; v. i. to
rain in very fine drops.
MIS-TAK'A-BLE, a. That may be mistaken.
MIS-TAKE', n. Error in opinion or judgment ; un-
intentional error. SYN. Misconception ; misap-
prehension ; blunder ; slip ; fault ; miss ; over-
sight.
MIS-TAKE', v. t. To take wrong ; to conceive or
understand erroneously ; to misapprehend.
MIS-TAK'-EN (-ta'kn),a. Being in an error ; errone-
ous; incorrect.
MIS-TAK'ER, n. One who mistakes or misunder-
stands.
MIS-TAUGHT' (-taut'), pret. and pp. of MISTEACU.
Wrongly taught.
MIS-TEACH', v. t. To instruct erroneously.
MlS'TER, n. A title of address used for master
abbreviated in writing, Mr.
MIS-THINK', v. t. To think erroneously.
MIS-THOUGHT' (mis-thauf), pp. of MJSTHIKK.
Thought amiss.
MIS-TIME', v. t. To time wrongly ; to err as to
the time of doing any thing.
MIS-TIME', v. i. To neglect the proper time.
MlST'I-NESS, n. State of being misty ; a state of
thick rain in very small drops.
MIS'TLE (miz'zl), v. i. To rain in fine drops. Se
MISLE.
MIS'TLE-TOE,) , v , , . -x ( n. A plant that
MIS'LE-TOE, 7 < mlz zl - io )> I grows on trees,
venerated by the Druids.
MlST'-LlKE, a. Resembling mist.
MIS-TRAIN', v. t. To educate amiss.
MIS-TRANS-LATE', v. t. To translate wrong.
MIS-TRANS-LA'TION, n. An erroneous transla-
tion.
MlS'TRESS, n. A woman who governs or teaches ;
the female head of a family ; a female well skilled
in any thing ; a woman beloved and courted ; a
concubine ; a term of address, abbreviated in
writing, ilrs. (mls'ses).
MIS
286
MOD
I. fi, fec., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, F^LL, WHAT
MIS-TRUST, n. Want of confidence.
MIS-TRUST, v. t. To regard with jealousy or sus-
picion ; to suspect ; to doubt.
MIS-TRUSTFUL,
MIS-TUNE', v"t.
tune.
Suspicious ; apt to distrust.
To tune wrong; to put out oi
MlSTY, a. Raining in very fine drops ; over-spread
with mist ; dim ; clouded.
MIS-UN-DER-STAND', v.t. To misconceive; to
take in a wrong sense.
MIS-UN-DER-STAND'ING, n. Mistake of mean-
ing ; want of agreement in opinion or judgment.
SYN\ Misconception ; misapprehension ; error ;
disagreement ; dissension ; quarrel.
MIS-U'SAGE, n. Ill treatment ; abuse.
MIS-USE', v. t. To treat ill ; to use to a bad pur-
pose. SYN. To abuse; maltreat; misemploy;
misapply.
MIS-USE', n. Ill use; improper treatment ; wrong
application, as misuse of words. SYN. Abuse ;
maltreatment ; ill treatment j misapplication
error.
MIS-USED 7 , a. Improperly used; misapplied;
abused ; misemployed.
MIS-WED', v. t. To wed or match improperly.
MIS-WRITE' (-rite'), v. t. To write incorrectly.
MIS-WROUGHT' (mis-rawf), o. Badly wrought.
MIS-YOKE', v. t. To join or yoke improperly.
MITE, 7i. A very small insect or piece ; a small
piece of money ; a particle.
MlTH'RAS, 11. Ancient name of the sun ; a Per-
sian god or good spirit.
MlTI-GA-BLE, a. That can be mitigated.
MIT'I-GANT, a. Having power to alleviate; leni
ent; easy; diminishing pain.
MlT'I-GATE, v. t. To make less severe; to relax,
to soften; to calm; to diminish. SYN. To as-
suage. He who mitigates relaxes in respect to
harshness ; he who assuages actively lessens the
pain of others. We mitigate by being less se-
vere; we assuage by being positively kind. A
judge mitigates a sentence ; friends assuage our
grief.
MIT-I-GA'TION, n. Alleviation ; diminution of any
thing painful or calamitous.
MIT'I-GA-TIVE, a. Tending to alleviate.
MlTI-GA-TOR, n. He or that which mitigates.
M I'TRE, n. A sacerdotal ornament worn on the
head by bishops, &c., on certain occasions ; figu-
ratively, the dignity of bishops ; in a?-c?iitect7we, an
angle of 45 degrees.
MI'TRE, v. t. To dress with a mitre ; to unite at
an angle of 45 degrees.
MI'TRED, (mi'terd), a Wearing a mitre ; hon-
oured with the privilege of wearing a mitre ;
joined at an angle of 45 degrees.
MITTEN, n. A cover for the hand without fin-
gers ; a kind of glove.
M1FTI-MUS, n. [Z.] Warrant of commitment to
prison ; a writ for removing records to another
court.
MlTTS, n. pi. Mittens ; a cover for the hand with-
out or with only partial fingers.
MlT'Y, a. Having or abounding in mites.
MIX, v. t. [pret. and pp. MIXED or MIXT.] To
unite and TSlend promiscuously ; to associate or
to unite with a crowd or company.
MIX, v. i. To become united or blended in a mass ;
to be joined or associated.
MlX'A-BLE, a. Capable of being mixed.
MIXED (mlkst), a. Promiscuous; consisting of
various kinds or things.
MlX'EN (rnik'sn), n. A dunghill or compost heap.
MIX-TI-LlN'E-AR, ") a. Containing a mixture of
MIX-TI-LtN'E-AL, j straight and curved lines.
MlXT'ION (mikst'yun), n. A miring; promiscu-
ous blending.
MIXTURE (49) (mflcst'yur), w. The act of mixing
or state of being mixed ; a mass or compound of
different ingredients ; the ingredient added ; a
liquid medicine; in chemistry, the blending of
several ingredients without alterations of sub
THRE, T^RM ; MAR!NE, BIRD, MOVB,
stances SYIT. Union; association; admixture
intermixture; medley.
.
MlZ'MAZE, n. A cant word for a maze or laby-
rinth.
MIZ'ZEN (mYz'zn), n. The aftermost of the fixed
sails of a ship.
MlZ'ZEN-MAST (mlz'zn-mast), n. The mast near-
est the stern.
MlZ'ZLE, v. i. To rain in fine drops. See MISLB.
MlZ'ZfjING, o. Falling in very fine drops, as a
mizzling rain.
MNE-MON'IS (ne-mon'iks), n. pi. The art of
memory ; precepts and rules for assisting the me-
mory.
MNE-MOS'Y-NE (ne-m5s'e-ne), n. In mythology,
the goddess of memory.
MOAN, v. i. To make lamentations. SYN. To
mourn ; grieve ; bemoan ; sorrow ; lament.
MOAN, v. t. To bewail with an audible voice.
MOAN, n. Expression of sorrow, suffering, or grief
in cries or words. SYN. Lamentation ; groan;
bewailing; wailing; mourning.
MOAN'FUL, a. Full of sorrow; expressing sor-
row.
MOAT, n. A ditch round the rampart of a castle or
other fortified place ; v. t. to surround with a ditch
for defence.
MOB, n. A tumultuous crowd. SYN. Populace.
Populace (It. popolazzo) signifies the lower orders
of the people taken collectively ; a mob (L. mob His,
movable) is a riotous assembly of persons. A mob
may be gathered and dispersed in an hour ; the
populace is a permanent portion of society.
MOB, v. t. To attack, as a crowd; to harass
tumultuously ; to wrap up in a cowl.
MOB'BISH, a. Tumultuously, as a mob.
MOB'-AP, n. A plain cap or head-dress for fe-
males.
MO'BlLE, n. The mob; the populace.
MO-BlL'I-TY, . Susceptibility of motion; fickle-
ness ; in cant language, the populace.
MOB'IL-IZE, v. t. [JY.] To call into active service ;
applied to troops which, though enrolled were
not previously on the war establishment.
MO<3'!A-SIN (mok'ka-sn), n. A shoe of soft loathe!
without a sole ; a poisonous water-serpent ;
written also ifoccason.
MOCK, n. An act manifesting contempt ; ridicule ;
derision.
MOCK, v. t. To imitate in contempt or derision ;
to treat with scorn ; to subject to disappointment.
SYN. To mimic ; deride ; jeer ; taunt ; deceive.
See DKEIDE.
MOCK, v. i. To make sport, as in jest.
MOCK, a. Imitating reality, but not real ; coun-
terfeit; false.
MOCK'ER, n. One that mocks or derides.
MOCK'ER-Y, n. The act of deriding or exposing
to contempt by mimicking actions or words;
contemptuous merriment at persons or things ;
that which deceives, disappoints, &c. ; counter-
feit appearance. SYN. Derision ; ridicule; scorn;
sport; deception; imitation; false show.
MOCK'IN 7 G, 71. Derision; insult.
MOCK'ING r BtRD, n. A bird of the thrush kind
which imitates the notes of other birds with won-
derful precision.
MOCK'ING-LY, ad. With derision; in contempt.
MOCK-OR'ANGE, n. A shrub of the syringa kind.
MO'DAL, a. Relating to mode or form ; consisting
of mode only.
MO-DAL'I-TY, n. Accidental difference ; the qua-
lity of being in form only.
MODE, n. Manner of existing or being ; that
which cannot subsist in or of itself, but inheres
in some subject ; a scale of intervals or keys
in music ; a particular manner of conjugating
verbs. SYN. Manner; method; form; fashion;
custom ; way ; degree ; quality ; state. St*
MBTHOD.
MOD
287
MOM
D6VB, WOLF, B<?<?K; KTjLE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS.-
MOD'EL, n. A pattern of something to be made
or imitated ; a form in miniature ; something to
give shape to castings ; that by which a thing is
to be measured, to be copied or imitated. STN.
Copy ; pattern ; mould ; example ; standard.
MOD'EL, v. t. To fashion; to shape; to mould;
to form ; to delineate.
MOD'EL-LER, 71. One who shapes ; a contriver.
MOD'EL-LING, n. The making of a model from
which works of art are executed ; the foundation
of a work of art from some plastic material.
MOD'ER-ATE, a. Observing reasonable bounds ;
not excessive or extreme in opinion, temperament,
or action; of a middle rate; not violent. STN.
Temperate; sober; limited; frugal; restrained;
middling'.
MOD'ER-ATE, v. t. To keep within bounds; to
restrain from excess ; to reduce from a state of
violence ; to make temperate. STN. To regulate ;
mitigate; temper; qualify; repress; abate; les-
sen ; allay ; still ; appease ; pacify ; quiet.
MOD'ER-ATE, v. i. To become less violent; to
preside, as in a meeting.
MOD'ER-ATE-LY, ad. Temperately ; mildly.
MOD'ER-ATE-NESS, n. State of being moderate ;
temperateness ; mildness ; a middle state between
extremes.
MOD'S R-ATES, n A party in the Church of Scot-
land who professed moderation in doctrine and
discipline.
MOD-ER-A'TIpN, n. The state of being moderate ;
restraint of violent passions ; calmness of mind ;
frugality in expenses. STN. Temperance; for-
bearance ; sobriety ; equanimity.
MOD-E-RA'TO. [It.] In music, denoting move-
ment between andante and allegro.
MpD'ER A-TOR, n. One who presides at a meet-
MOD'ERN, a. Not ancient ; belonging to the pre-
sent time. STN. Recent; fresh. Modern is op-
posed to ancient ; recent to what has been past
for any considerable length of time. Modern civi-
lization, improvements, &c. ; recent advices, in-
telligence, &c.
MOD'ERN-IfeM, n. Something of modern origin;
modern practice.
MOD'ERN-IZE, v. t. To make modern ; to adapt
ancient things to modern style.
MOD'S RN-IZED, a. Rendered conformable to
modern usage or style.
. RN-IZ-ER, n. One that renders modern.
MOD'ERN-NESS, n. The state or quality of recent-
ness; novelty.
MOD'ERNS, n. pi. People of modem times.
MOD'EST, a. Restrained by a sense of propriety ;
not bold or forward; not presumptuous, arro-
gant, or boastful; not loose; not excessive or
extravagant. STN. Reserved; bashful; coy ; shy;
decent ; diffident ; unobtrusive ; chaste ; virtuous.
MOD'EST-LY, ad. With diffidence ; not boldly,
loosely, or excessively.
MOD'EST- Y, 71. A lowly, unassuming temper ;
unobtrusive deportment ; chastity.
MOUI-CUM, n. [L.] A small quantity ; a pittance.
MOD'I-FI-A-BLE, a. That may be modified.
MOD-I-FI-A'T1ON, n. Act of modifying; par-
ticular form or manner.
MOD'I-FlED (-fide), a. Changed in form or ex-
ternal qualities ; qualified in exceptionable parts.
STN. Varied; diversified; moderated; tem-
MODI-FY, v. t. To change the form or external
properties of a thing ; to vary ; to moderate.
MO'DISH, a. According to the mode ; fashionable.
MO'DISH-LY, ad. According to the fashion.
MOD'C-LATE (mud'yu-late), v. t. To inflect or
vary, as sounds ; to form sounds of a certain key,
MOD'tf-LA-TED, a. Formed to a certain key ;
varied; inflected.
MOD-C-LA'TION, n. Act of modulating ; inflec-
tion, as of the voice in speaking or reading ;
as K ; 6 as J ; S as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
diversified and proper change of the key in con-
ducting a melody ; transition of one key to an-
other ; sound modulated.
MOD'CLE (mod'yul), n. Representation; measure;
size.
MO-GtJL', 71. The prince or emperor of the Moguls
in Asia.
MO'HAIR, n. A soft and fine stuff of goat's hair.
MO-HAM'MED-AN, a. Pertaining to Mohammed ;
n. a follower of Mohammed.
-MO-HAM ?.1K I.M>M, ) n. The religion of Mo-
MO-HAM'MED-AN-I$M, j hammed, the impostor.
MO'HUR, n. A British Indian gold coin, value 15
MOI'DORE, n. A gold coin of Portugal, value 27s.
MOI'E-TY, n. Half; one of two equal parts.
MOIL, v. i. To work with painful effort ; to toil ;
to labour ; v. t. to weary ; to daub.
XOIRE-AN-TLQUE' (mwor-an-tek'), n. [IV.] A
kind of watered silk.
MOI-REE-METAL-LIQUE (mwor-a-mgt'al-lek), n.
[FT.] Crystallized tin-plate.
MOIST, a. Moderately wet ; humid ; damp.
MOIST'-EN (moi'sn), v. t. To make damp or humid ;
to wet in a small degree.
MOIST'NESS, n. Moderate wetness ; dampness.
MOIST'CRE (moist'yur), n. Dampness ; slight
wetness ; a small quantity of any liquid.
MO'LAR, n. A double tooth or grinder.
MO'LAR, ) a. Grinding or having power to
MO'LA-RY, f grind.
MO-LAS'SES (6), \ 7i. sing. The syrup which drains
ME-LAS'SE$, J from sugar when cooling;
treacle.
MOLE, n. A natural spot on the body ; a mound ;
a pier ; the port or haven formed by a mound to
defend it from the force of the waves ; a little
animal with very small eyes, that burrows in the
ground; a morbid product of conception.
MO-LE^'C-LAR, a. Belonging to or consisting of
molecules.
MOL'E-tTLE, n. A very minute particle; an ulti-
mate constituent of matter.
MOLE'-EYED (-ide), a. Having small eyes.
MOLE'-HlLL, n. A hillock raised by a mole.
MO-LEST", v. t. To render uneasy or cause trouble
to. STN. To disturb ; annoy ; disquiet; incom-
mode ; inconvenience; vex; tease.
MOL-ES-TA'TION, n. Disturbance; annoyance.
MOL'LAH, n. The title of a high order of spiritual
and judicial officers in Turkey.
MpL'LI-ENT (or mol'yent), a. Softening; assuag-
ing. Emollient is more generally used.
MOL'LI-Fl-A-BLE, a. That may be softened.
MOL'LI-FI-ER, n. He or that which softens.
MOL'LI-Ft, v. t. To soften ; to assuage ; to ap-
pease ; to qualify.
MOL'LI-Ft-ING, a. Softening; assuaging; adapted
to soften or qualify.
MOL-LtS'A, 71. pi. Animals whose bodies are
soft and not articulated.
MOL-LCS'CAN,) n. One of the mollusca ; a. per-
MOL-LCSE7, j taining to the mollusca or par-
taking of their proper
MOLTN, a. Melted ; made of melted metal.
MO'LY, n. Wild garlic.
MO-LYB'DATE, n. A compound of molybdic acid
with a base.
MO-LYB-DE'NA, n. An ore of dark lead colour
somewhat resembling plumbago.
MO-LYB'DE-ISTOUS, a. Pertaining to molybdenum.
MO-LYB-DE'NUM, n. A brittle and very infu-
sible metal, allied to white tungsten.
MO-LYB'DK:, a. Pertaining to molybdena ; noting
an acid obtained from molybdate of lead.
MOME, n. A stupid fellow ; a stock.
MOTilENT, 7i. A minute portion of time ; import-
ance in influence or effect ; weight ; value. STN.
Instant. A moment (L. momentum, a very small
particle) allows of a beginning and end ; an in-
stant (L. instaTis, standing over us) is indivisible.
The latter, therefore, expresses more brevity and
MOM
288
MON
long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TH*RE, T*RM; MARINE, BiRD; MOVE,
I, i, &c,
urgency than the former. ' ' Do it this instant "
requires the utmost haste ; " Do it this moment "
admits of no hesitation or delay.
MO'MENT-A-RI-LY, ad. Every moment.
MO'MENT-A-RY, a. Done in a moment ; lasting a
moment only.
MO-MfiNT'OUS, a. Important; weighty.
MO-MENT'OUS-NESS, n. State of being of great
importance.
MO-MfiN'TUM, n. ; pL MO-MEN'TA. Quantity of
motion ; force in a moving body.
MCXMUS, n. The god of ridicule.
MON'MONO. A Greek prefix denoting unity.
MON'A--6AL (mCn'a-kal), a. Pertaining to monks
or to a monastic life.
MGN'A-GHISM (m5n'a-kizm), n. A monastic life ;
the state of monks.
MON'AD, n. An atom; a simple unextended
point ; a name given to the simplest kind of mi-
nute animalcules.
MO-NAD'IG, \a. Having the nature of a mo-
MO-NAlVI-e-AL, ) nad.
MONA&6H, n. An absolute sovereign ; sole ruler ;
he that is superior to others of the same kind.
SYN. Emperor ; potentate ; sovereign ; king ;
Srince.
-NAKH'AL (mo-nark'al), a. Pertaining to a
monarch ; supreme ; sovereign ; regal.
MO-NARJHTe, ") a. Pertaining to a monarch :
MO-NARJH'I-AL, ) vested in a single ruler.
MON'ARH-ISM , n. The principles of monarchy ;
preference of monarchy.
HON'ARH-IST, n. A friend to monarchy.
MON'ARH-IZE, v. i. To play the king; v. t. to
rule as a monarch ; to convert to a monarchy.
MON'AR-eH-Y, n. A state or government in which
the supreme power is in the hands of a single
S arson ; a kingdom ; an empire.
N-AS-TE'RI-AL, a. Relating to a monastery.
MON'AS-TER-Y, n. A house of religious retire-
ment for monks ; a convent. See CLOISTER.
MO-NAS'TK3, \ a. Pertaining to monks and
AIO-NASTK!-AL, $ nuns; secluded from tempo-
rary concerns.
MO-NAS'TI, n. One of the monkish order; a
monk.
MO-NAS'TK/'-AL-LY, ad. Eeclusely; in retire-
ment ; in the manner of monks.
MO-NASTI-CISM, n. Monastic life.
MONDAY (mun'dy), n. The second day of the
week.
MONDE, . TJ5VJ The world.
MON'E-TA-EY (mun'e-te-ry), a. Pertaining to
money or moneyed concerns.
MON'EY (mun'y), n. ; pi. MON'EYS. Literally, cur-
rent coin, and hence any circulating medium, as
bank-notes, &c. ; wealth ; affluence. SYN. Cash.
Money (moneta) was originally stamped coin,
MUN'I-TOR, n. One who warns of faults or in-
forms of duty ; in schools, a person authorised to
look to the scholars or to notice absences, &c. ; in
zoology, a genus of lizards, so called because sup-
posed to warn of the vicinity of crocodiles.
MON-I-TCXRI-AL, a. Pertaining to or performed
by a monitor; containing admonition ; conducted
or given by monitors.
MON'I-TO-RY, a. Instructing by warning ; n. ad-
monition; caution.
MONK (munk), n. A man who retires from the
ordinary temporal concerns of the world and de-
Sotes himself to the services of religion.
NK'ER-Y, n. A monastic life.
AIONK'EY (munk'y), n. ; pi. MONK'EYS. An animal
like the ape and baboon, but with a long tail ; a
name of contempt or slight kindness ; the weight
of a pile-driver, a heavy mass of iron which des-
cends with great force on the head of the pile.
MONK'HOOD (mtLak'O, n. The state of a monk.
MONK'ISH, a. Pertaining to monks.
MON'O-!HORD, n. Originally, an instrument of
music with one string.
MON-O-eHEO-MAT'I-G, a. Consisting of one col-
our, or presenting rays of light of only one colour.
MON'O-eUROME, n. A painting with a single
colour.
MON-0-OT-Y-LfiTX)N, n. A plant having only
one seed lobe, as palms, grasses, &c. ; an endogen.
"- Having . eye.
MON'O-OtTLE, n. An insect with one eye only.
MON-O-DAG'TYL-OUS, a. Having one toe only.
MON'O-DIST, n. One who writes a monody.
MON'O-DY, n. A mournful song by one person.
MO-NOG' A-MIST, n. One who disallows second
Restraint to a single wife.
A character used on seals, &c.
A written account of a single
a. Pertaining to a mono-
graph; drawn in linea
and afterwards any thing that generally takes its
place in buying and selling. CasJi, from the I MON'OPH-THONG, n.
French caisse, a chest, was originally coin kept
on hand for immediate use ; and hence cas7i pay-
ments are strictly payments in coin, though cur-
rent notes are ordinarily received in such cases,
because they can always be cashed at the bank.
MON'EY-BROK-ER (mun'yO, n. A broker who ! MO-N0PO-LIST
deals in money or in exchanges.
MON'EY-ED (mun'id), a. Affluent in money ; hav-
ing money at command.
M6N'EY-ER, n. One employed at the mint, &c., I
marriages.
MO-NOG'A-MY, n.
MON'O-GRAM, n.
MON'O-GRAPH, n.
thing.
MON-O-GRAPHTG,
MON-O-G RAPH'I G-AL,
without colours.
MO-NOG'RA-PHY, n. A description drawn in lines
without colours ; a monograph.
MON'O-LITH, ?i. A pillar, column, &c., consisting
of a single stone.
MON'O-LOGUE (mon'o-log), n. A soliloquy; speech
aside.
MON-O-MA'NI-A, n. Derangement of a single fa-
culty of the mind, or with respect to a particular
subject.
MON-O-MA'NI-AC, n. A person affected by mono-
mania ; a. affected with monomania.
MON'OME, n. In algebra, a quantity that has one
term or one name only.
MO-NOP'A-THY, n. Solitary suffering.
MON-O-PET'AL-OUS, a. Having only one petal.
A simple vowel sound.
Having no money; peuni-
in coining money.
MON'Er-LESS, a.
less.
MON'EY'S-WORTH (miin'ez-wurth), n. Full
value ; the worth of a thing in money.
MONG'GER (mung'ger), n. A trader; a dealer.
Now used only or chiefly in composition.
M6NG'GREL (mting'grel), a. Of a mixed breed.
MONG'GREL, n. An animal of a mixed breed.
MO-Nl"TION (-nish'un), n. Instruction given by
way of caution ; warning; information.
MON'I-TlVE, o. Conveying admonition.
MON-OPH-THONGG'GAL (mon-of-thOng'gal), a.
consisting of a single sound.
MO-NOPHTT-SITE, n. One of a sect in the Church
who held that the two natures of Christ were
blended so as to be but one.
So"-NOFS'-LTZ T ER, } One who monopolizes.
MO-NOFO-LIZE, v. t. To obtain possession of all
the goods of one kind in market for speculation ;
to obtain the exclusive right of buying and selling,
&c. ; to engross the whole.
MO-NOP'O-LY, n. The sole power of vending
goods either by engrossing by a licence from
government or purchase ; engrossment.
MO-NOP'TOTE, n. A noun having one case only.
MON-O-SPERM'OUS, a. Having one seed only.
MON-O-SPHER'I-6-AL, o. Consisting of one sphere
only.
MON'O-STl-GH (-stlk), n. A composition of one
verse only.
MON-O-StL'LA-BLE. n. A word of but one
syllable.
289
MOU
D&VE, WOLF, BQOK ; RULE, BULL ; Vl"dOUS. -6 as K ; 6 OS J ; S OS Z ; CH OS SH ; THIS.
M ON'0-THE-I$M, n. The belief of one God only. MOOR'-OCK,
MON'0-THfi-IST, n. One who believes in only one
God.
MO-NOTH'E-LITE, n. One who held that the
union of two .natures in Christ produced but one
will.
X O-TONE, n. Sameness of sound or key.
JIO-NOT'0-NOUS, a. Continued in the same tone
or with dull uniformity.
MO-NOTO-NY, n. Uniformity of tone, or want of
inflections of voice or sound ; uniformity ; irk-
someness or want of variety.
s/ElLR'(mus-siu'),n.; pi. MES-SIEURS'. [Fr.]
Sir: Mr.; a Frenchman.
M ON-SOON', n. A periodical wind Mowing six
months from the same quarter, accompanied with
rain.
MON'STEK, n. An unnatural production, animal or
vegetable ; one unnaturally wicked or mischiev-
ous; something horrible.
MON-STROS'I-TY, n. State of b ing monstrous.
MONSTROUS, a. Deviating from the natural
form or common course of nature ; shocking to
the sight. &c. SYN. Unnatural; In
enormous; extraordinary; horrible; frightful;
yricked ; hateful, <tc.
BION'STROUS-LY, ad. So as to shock or inspire
terror or disgust. SYN. Shockingly ; hideously ;
terribly; horribly; enormously; extravagantly.
MON-TAN're, a. Pertaining to mountains ; con-
ning mountains.
MONTAN-IST, . A follower of Montanus, a
heretic who claimed that the Holy Spirit dwelt
in and employed him.
MONTH (munth), n. One revolution of the moon ;
also, the twelfth part of the year ; four weeks.
MONTH'LY (munthly), Happening every
month ; continued or performed in a month ; n.
monthly publication ; ad. once in every month.
MON'C-MENT, n. Any thing by which the mem-
ory of a person or event is preserved ; something
to mark bounds of state?, &c.; a thing that re-
minds or gives notice. SYN. Remembrance;
memorial ; tombstone ; cenotnph.
MON-U-MENTAL, o. Pertaining to a monument
or tomb ; preserving memory.
MOOD, n. Temper of mind ; the form of ai
ment; style of music ; variation of a verb. SYN.
Humour ; irame ; disposition; inclination ; style ;
mode ; manner.
M OODT-LY, ad. In a sad or peevish manner.
MOOD'Y, a. Governed by moods of feeling; sad ;
ill-humoured ; exasperated. SYN. Gloomy.
Hoody agrees with gloomy ii being an unhappy
state, but differs from it in expressing a \vidc
range of fitful emotions, such as discontent, ill
humour, peevishness, anger, &c.
MOOL'LAH. See MOLLAH.
MOON, TJ. A secondary planet ; a satellite o' this
earth, and revolving round it ; a month.
MOON'-BEAM, n. A ray of light from the moon.
ilOON' t!ALF (-kaf), n. A monster; false concep-
tion ; dolt.
MOOND (moond), a. Like the new moon ; taken
for the moon.
MOON'EYED (-Ide), a. Having eyes aCX-cted by
the moon ; dim-eyed ; purblind.
W OON'ISH, a. Like the moon ; vari
MOON'LIGHT, ) 71. The light afforded by the
MOONSHINE,.) rnoon; fawrativtly, show with-
out substance.
MOON'SHEE, n. Name in India of a Mohammedan
teacher of languages.
M OON'-STRCCK, a. Affected by the moon.
MOON'Y, a. Having a crescent for a standard;
lunated.
MOOR, n. A marsh ; a fen ; a tract of low land, or
covered with heath; a native of the northern
coast of Africa.
MOOR, v. t. To secure by cables and anchors;
. i. to be confined by cables or chains.
MOOR' AGE, n. A place for mooring.
n. Names given to the red grouse,
gor-cock, or water-hen.
Anchors, chains, and bridles
MOOR'-FOWL,
MOOR'-GAME,
MOOR'-HEN,
MOOR'INGS, n. pi.
to keep a ship fast.
MOOR'ISH, a. Marshy; fenny; pertaining to the
M oors in Africa,
MOOR'LAND, n. A marsh ; a cold, hilly land.
MOOSE, n. A quadruped ; the largest of the cer-
vine kind ; the elk of Europe.
MOOT, v. t. To debate ; to discuss ; v. i. to argue
or plead on a supposed cause ; applied chiefly to
the disputes of students in law by way of exer-
cise.
MOOT, )
MOOT-^ASE, >n. A case admitting of dispute.
MOOT-POINT,.)
MOOT'A-BLE, a. Capable of being mooted or de-
bated.
.M OOT-OURT, n. A meeting or court for discus-
>ints of law.
MOOTED, a. Debated ; disputed ; controverted.
.MOOT'ER, n. A disputer of a mooted
MOOTING, n. The exercise of disputing or de-
bating.
MOP, n. A cloth or collection of thrums fixed to a
handle for cleaning a floor ; v. t. to wipe with a
>'. i. to make wrv faces.
MOPE, v. i. To be dull or spiritless: to be gloomy ;
to drowse ; v. t. to make stupid or spiritless.
MOPE, 71. A dull, stupid person ; a drone.
MOP'ING, a. Affected with dulness ; spiritless ;
gloomy.
MOP'ISH, a. Dull; spiritless; stupid.
MOPISH-NESS, n. State of dejection ; dulness.'
stupidity.
MOP'PET,) n. A rag baby; a puppet; a little
MOP'SEY.f girl.
MO-RAINE', n. A name for longitudinal deposits
of debris at the bases and edges of glaciers, &c.
MOR'AL, a. ' > practice or manners in
reference to right or wrong ; conformed to rules
of riu'lit; virtuous; subject to the moral law;
supported by the evidence of reason or proba-
bility.
MOR'AL, n. The meaning or doctrine inculcated
by a fable.
MOR'AL-IST, n. One who teaches morality; a
mere moral person.
MO-RAL I-TY, 7i. System or practice of moral
duties ; a kind of allegorical play.
MOE'AL-lZE, v. t. To make moral reflections on ;
to render moral; to apply to moral purposes.
MOR'AL-IZE, v. i. To speak or write on moral
subjects, or to make moral reflections.
MOR'AL-IZ-KR, n. One that moralize-!.
MOB'AL-IZ-INU, n. The application of facts to *
moral purpose ; the making of moral reflections.
MOli'AL-LY, ad. In an ethical sense; honestly;
according to moral rules in external deportment.
pi. Practice of the duties of life;
course of life as to good or evil.
MO-BASS', n. A tract of soft, wet ground; a
-S'Y, a. Consisting of morass.
.VI- AN, 77. One of the United Brethren.
MOR'BID, a. Not sound or healthy. SYN. Di-
i Morbid is sometimes used interchange-
ably with difeused, but is commonly applied, in a
somewhat technical sense, to cai;es of a prolonged
nature, as n morbid condition of the nervous sys-
tem, a morbid sensibility, &c.
MoillRllAL, < a - TendiUg t0 Pr0dUC9 diSeaSe '
MOR-BOSE', a. Unsound ; unhealthy.
MOR-CEAU' (mor-atf), n.; pi. MOK-CKAUX', [PV.]
A bit ; a UK
MOK-DA'CIOUS (-da'shus), a. Biting; given to
biting ; sarcastic.
MOIi-DAC'I-TY (-das'e-ty), n. Tho quality of bit-
ing. 19
MOE
290
MOT
1. fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., s?iort. CARE, FAR, LAST,
MGR'DANT, n. A substance to fix colours ; any
sticky matter by which gold leaf is made to in-
here ; a basis ; a. having the quality of seizing
hold or fixing colours.
MOR'DI-ANT, a. Biting; acrid.
MOR-DI-C'ATION, n. Act ot'biting; corrosion.
MORE, n. A greater quantity, amount, or number.
MORE, a. The ccnnparative degree of much and of
many. Greater in quantity, degree, or amount ;
additional.
MORE, ad. To a greater degree ; further.
MO-REEN', n. A stout woollen stuff used for cur-
tains, &c.
MORE'LAND, n. A hilly country. See MOOF.LAXD.
MORE-0'VER, ad. Beyond what has been said;
further. SYN. Besides. Besides (by the side of)
denotes simply that a connection exists between
what has been said and what is now to be said.
Moreover (more than all that) marks the addition
of something particularly important to be con-
sidered.
MO-RESCUE' (mo-rSsk'), o. [Fr.] Done after
the manner of the Moors ; the same as arabesque.
MO-RESQUE', n. A species of painting or carving
in the Moorish manner ; arabesque.
MOR-GAN -ATT, a. Applied to a marriage among
German princes to an inferior, in which neither
the wife nor her children can enjoy the rank or
inherit the possessions of her husband.
MORGUE (murg), n. [Fr.] A place for exposing
the bodies of persons found dead to be recognized
Sr friends.
R'I-1
, ^-BUND, a. In a state of dying ; ready to
die ; n. a dying person.
MOR'I-ON, n. A helmet or casque for the head.
MO-RlS'O, I n. A dance : the morris-dance or the
MO'RISK, ; dancer.
MOR'MON, ") n. An im poster ; a follower of one
MGR'MON-ITE, j Joseph Smith, who claimed to
have found a book called the Golden Bible, writ-
ten on golden plates, published by the name of
the Book of Mormon.
MOR'MON-ISM, n. The doctrines and principles
of the Mormons.
MORN, ) n. The first part of the day ; the
MORN'INGJ first or early part.
MORNING, a. Pertaining to the early part of the
day.
MORN'ING-STAR, n. Venus shining in the morn-
ing.
MO-RO'O, n. Leather of goat or sheep skin
dressed with sumach, said to be borrowed from
the Moors.
MO-RONE', n. A deep crimson colour. See MA-
BOON.
MO-ROSE', a. Of a sour temper. STN. Gruff;
crabbed; sullen; sour; peevish; cross; surly;
austere ; gloomy ; ill-humoured.
MO-ROSE'LY, ad. Sullenly; peevishly.
MOUTH E-U S, n . The god of dreams .
MORTHEW, n. Scurf on the face.
MOR'PHI-A, \n. A vegetable alkaloid extracted
MOR'PHlN E, j from opium.
MOR'RIS, ") n. A Moorish dance, usually
MOR'RIS-DlNCE, ) performed with castanets,
tambours, &c. ; a game played in a field or on a
board, called also nine men's morris from the nine
holes used.
MOR'RIS-DAN'CER, n. One who dances the
morris dance.
MOR'ROW (mor'ro), n. The next day after the
present.
MORSE, n. The sea-horse or walrus.
MOlt'SEL, n. A bite; mouthful; small piece.
MOKT, n. [Fr.] A tune sounded at the death of
game ; a salmon in the third year.
MORTAL, a. Subject to death; deadly; human.
MORTAL, n. A man subject to death.
MOR-TAL'I-TY, n. Subjection to death; death;
frequent death.
MORTAL-LY. ad. So as to destroy life : fatally :
FA.LI,, WHAT; THRE, TKRM; MAUINE, BIBD ; MOVE,
MORTAR, n. A mixture of lime, sand, and water;
a vessel in which substances are pounded; a
piece of ordnance for throwing bombs.
MORTGAGE (mSr'gaje), n. The state of being
pledged ; the pledge of goods and chattels to se-
cure payment of a debt.
MORTGAGE (mSr'gaje), v. t. To pledge or con-
vey in fee, as real estate, for securing a debt ; to
make over for security.
MORTGAGED (mflr'gajd), a. Conteyed in fee as
security for payment of money.
MORT'GAGE-DEED, n. A deed given by way of
morttrrv-re.
MORT-GA-GEE' ( mor-ga-jee'), n. One to whom a
i'4'e is siven.
MORT'GA-GER (m5r'ga-jer), n. One who executes
a mortgage. If accented on the last syllable, it
should be spelt mort-gage-or 1 .
MOR-TI-FI-UATION, n. Death of one part of an
animal body; a gangrene; act of mortifying;
humiliation.
MORTI-FIED, a. Affected by gangrene, &c.:
humbled; subdued.
MOR'TI-FY, v. t. To destroy the vital functions oi
some part of a living animal; to bring into sub-
jection or beep in check ; to affect with slight
vexation; v.i. to lose vitality; to gangrene ; to
be subdued ; to practise severities and penance,
&c. SYN . To corrupt ; subdue ; abase ; humble ;
reduce ; restrain ; depress ; vex.
MORTI-FY-ING, a. Humiliating; tending to
abase.
MORTISE (mor'tis), n. A cut to receive a tenon,
&c. ; v. t. to form or to join with a mortise.
MORTMAIN, n. In law, possession of lands or
tenements in dead hands ; an inalienable estate.
MORTG-A-RY, n. A gift left at death to a church ;
a. belonging to burials.
MO-$A'I!, ) a. Pertaining to Moses, the leader
MO-SA'I-AL, J of the Israelites from Egypt;
pertaining to or composed of mosaic.
MO-$A'I, n. Work variegated with pieces of
glass, marbles, precious stones, &c., to imitate
painting.
MOS'LEM, n. A Mohammedan.
MOSQUE (mo'sk), n. A Mohammedan house of
worship.
M OS-QUITO, n. See MUSQCITO.
MOSS, n. A vegetable growing on trees, &c. ; v. t.
to cover with moss by natural growth.
MOSS'-GLAD, a. Covered with moss.
MOSS'-GROWN, o. Overgrown with moss.
MGSS'-I-NESS, n. State of being covered with
MOSS'-LAND, n. Land produced by aquatic plants
forming peat, bogs, <fec.
MOSS'-TROOP-ER, n. A robber ; a bandit.
MOSS'Y, a. Overgrown or shaded with moss;
abounding with moss.
MOST, a. /SuperZatire of more. Consisting of the
greatest number or quantity ; greatest.
MOST, n. The greatest number or quantity.
MOST, ad. In the greatest degree.
MOS'TI-e, n. A maulstick or painter's stick to
support the hand.
MOSTLY, ad. For the greatest part; usually.
MOTE, 71. A very small particle ; a spot.
MOTE, for nought or must. [Obs.]
MO-TET', n. A musical composition consisting of
from eight to ten parts.
MOTH, n. A small insect that eats cloth.
MOTH'-AT, v. t. To eat or prey upon, as a
moth.
MOTH'EAT-EN C-e-tn), a. Eaten by moths.
MOTH'ER (muth'er), n. A familiar term of ad-
dress of an old woman or matron ; an appellation
to a woman who exercises care or tenderness or
gives advice ; a female parent ; that which has
produced any thing; a slimy substance in
vinegar.
MOTH'ER (muth'er). a. Received by birth: na-
MOT
201
MOV
r,6v ;; RflLE, BrLL; vf'cious.
MOTH'ER (muth'er), v. i. To concrete, as thick
matter of liquors.
MOTH'EB A'REY'S CHlCK'EN, n. A name
given by sailors to the stormy petrel.
MOTH'ER-HOOD (muth'er-), n. The state of a
mother.
M6TH'ER-IN-L4W (muth'er-), n. The mother of
a husband or wife.
MOTH'ER-LESS (muth'er-), a. Having no mother.
MOTH'ER-LY (muth'er-), a. Pertaining to or be-
coming a mother; like a mother; parental.
SYX. Maternal. Motherly, being Saxon, is the
more familiar word of the two when both have
the same meaning. Besides this, maternal is
confined to the feelings of a mother toward her
own children, whereas motherly (mother-like) has
a secondary sense, as in the expression moth-
erly care, <fcc., denoting a care like that of a mother
for her offspring. There is, perhaps, a growing
tendency thus to separate the two, confining
motherly to the latter signification.
MOTH'ER-OF-PfiARL (muth'er-of-perl), n. The
hard, silvery, brilliant layer of several kinds of
shells, especially of the oyster, in which pearls
are generated.
MOT H'ER-WIT, n. Native wit; common sense.
MOTH'ER-WORT, n. A bitter herb used in medi-
cine.
MOTH'Y, a. Full of moths.
MOTION, n. Act of changing place ; animal life
and action ; manner of moving the body ; gait ;
military movement ; excitement ; direction ;
tendency ; effect of impulse ; proposition offered.
See MOVEMENT.
MOTION, v. t. or v. i. To point 5 to point out, as
he motioned to me to be seated. SYU. To move.
Motion was formerly used to a limited extent
for making a motion in a deliberative assembly,
but is now superseded by more.
)N-LESS, a. Having no motion ; quiescent.
. E, a. Causing to move; having power to
move.
VE, n. That which moves the will or de-
termines the choice ; that which incites or tends
to incite us to action. STN. Inducement; rea-
son. Motive is the word ordinarily used in speak-
ing of that which determines the choice. We call
it an inducement when it is attractive in its na-
ture, leading us forward by ai. appeal to our na-
tural desires for good ; we call it a reason when it
is more immediately addressed to the intellect in
the form of argument.
MO-Tlyi-TY, n. Power of producing motion ; the
quality of being influenced by motives.
MOTLEY (mCtlj), a. Variegated in colour; com-
posed of different or various parts, colours, char-
acters, or kinds; spotted.
MO'TOR, n. [L.] A mover or moving power.
MOTTLED (mSt'tld), o. Marked with spots of
different colours or shades of colours.
MOTTO, n. ; pi. MOT'TOES. An inscription ; a
phrase prefixed to an essay, or added to a device.
MOULD, n. Soft earth ; a downy concretion aris-
ing from microscopic fungi ; matter of which any-
thing is formed ; a form or matrix ; a thin, flexible
piece of timber used in shipbuilding or architec-
ture as a pattern ; a number of pieces of vellum,
between two of which the leaves of gold and silver
are laid for beating.
MOULD, v. t. To model ; to shape ; to cause to
contract mould ; to cover with mould or soil.
MOULD, v. i. To contract mould; to become
mouldy.
MOULD' A-BLE, o. That may be moulded or shaped.
MOULD'ER, n. One who gives shape.
MOULD'EB, v. t. To decay ; to perish ; to turn to
dust ; to waste away gradually ; v. t. to turn to
dust ; to waste.
MOULDING, n. Any thing cast ; a projection.
MOULD'-WARP, n. A mole.
MOULDT, o. Covered with mould.
MOULT, . t. To cast or shed feathers, hair, &c.
asK; &asj; sasz; Cnassn; THIS.
MOULTING, n. The act of shedding hair, feathers,
horns, &c.
MOU N D, n. A bank to fortify or defend.
MOUN D, r. t. To fortify with a mound.
MOUNT, n. A mass of earth or rock rising above
the surrounding surface ; a hill ; mountain
heap.
MOUNT, v. i. To rise on high; to tower; to be
built up to a great height ; to leap on an animal ;
to get on horseback ; to rise in value.
MOUNT, v. t. To raise or lift on high ; to ascend,
climb, or scale ; to place one's self on horseback ;
to furnish with horses ; to prepare for use or em-
bellish ; to be furnished with guns, as a vessel ;
to place on a carriage, as cannon.
MOUNTAIN (mount'in), n. A high or large emi-
nence rising above the common level of the
earth, but of no definite altitude.
MOUNTAIN, a. Pertaining to a mountain ; found
or growing on a mountain ; ?. , mala-
chite ; mountain-corfc, the elastic kind of asbestos.
MOUNTAIN-ASH, n. An ornamental tree with
beautiful bunches of red berries ; rowan.
MOUNT-A1N-EER', n. A dweller on a mountain.
MOUNTAIN-OUS, o. Abounding with moun-
tains.
MOUN TE-BANK, n. A stage-doctor ; a false pre-
tender.
MOUNTE-BANK, v. t. To cheat ; to impose on.
MOUNTING, n. The act of mounting ; an ascent ;
the act of preparing for use or embellishing ; an
ornament.
M< ) L' ii N , v. \. To express grief or sorrow ; to wear
the customary habit of sorrow.
MOURN, v. t. To grieve for ; to utter in a sorrow-
ful manner. SYN. To grieve; sorrow; lament;
deplore, which see.
MOURN'ER, n. One who mourns or laments.
MOUKN'FUL, a. Intended to express sorrow, or
exhibiting appearance of grief; causing sorrow;
feeling grief. STN. Sad ; lugubrious ; dolefnl ;
sorrowful; lamentable; afflictive; grievous ; .ca-
lamitous, [sorrow.
MOURN 'FIJL-LY, ad. So as to bring or express
MOURN'FIJL-NESS, n. Sorrow; grief; expres-
sion of grief.
MOURN'ING, n. Act of sorrowing ; dress or cus-
tomary habit worn by mourners.
MOURN'IN'G, a. Grieving; lamenting; sorrowing;
wearing the appearance of sorrow.
MOURN'ING-UOVE, n. A species of dove, so
called from its plaintive note.
MOUSE, n.; pi. MICE. A small well-known ani-
mal ; among seamen, a knob formed on a rope by
spun yarn, to prevent the noose from slipping.
MOUSE (mouz), v. t. To catch mice ; to be sly.
MOUSE'-HOLE, n. A hole where mice may enter
and pass ; a very small hole.
MOUS'ER, n. A cat that catches mice.
MOUSE'-TRAP, n. A trap for catching mice.
MOUS-TACHE'. Sea MUSTACHE.
MOUTH, n. The aperture of an animal for eating
and speaking; an entrance or opening, as of a
jar, cave, &c. ; the part of a river by which its
waters are discharged into the ocean or a lake ;
words uttered ; voice, Ac. ; the principal speaker.
MOUTH, v. t. To utter with a full affected voice ;
to reproach or insult; v. i. to vociferate ; to rant.
MOUTHED, a. Furnished with a mouth. Used in
composition.
MOUTHER, n. An affected speaker or declaimer.
M OUTH'FU L, n. As much as the mouth holds.
M OUTH'ING, n. A full affected utterance.
MOUTH'LESS, a. Hrwing no mouth.
MOUTH-PIECE (-peece), n. Piece of an instru-
ment for the mouth ; one who speaks for another.
MpV'A-BLE (moov'a-bl), o. That can be moved or
in any way made to change place or posture ;
that may or does change from one time to ano-
ther, as a morable feast.
MOV'A-BLES (moov'a-blz), n. pi. Goods ; fund
ture, &o.
MOV
292
MTTL
I, S, <fcc., long. I, i, &c., short. clRE, FAR, LAST,
MOV'A-BLY, ad. So that it can be moved.
MOVE (inoov), r. t. To carry, convey,
from one place to another ; to excite to action ; to
excite from a state of rest; to excite tenderness
or feeling in; to cause anger, tumult or trembl-
ing; to bring forward for consideration or accept-
ance; to recommend or give an impulse to; v. i.
to change place; to walk; to propose. SYN.
TO stir; trouble; affect; prompt; induce; in-
cline.
MOVE (moov), n. The act of moving, as in chess.
JdOVE'MENT (moov'-), n. The act of moving;
excited action; in music, a strain or part of a
strain; the entire wheel-work of a watch or
clock; the party of progress. SYN. Motion.
Motion expresses the general idea of "not being
at rest ;" movement points more especially to the
agent or thing that moves, or the commencement
of motion, as the movements of an army, a. move-
ment in society, &c.
MOVER, n. One that moves or makes a propo-
sal.
MOVING, a. Changing place ; causing to move ;
exciting or adapted to excite the passions or affec-
tions; pathetic; affecting.
MOVING-LY, ad. Feelingly ; so as to excite pas-
sion ; pathetically.
MOW (mou), n. A pile of hay in a barn.
MOW (mou), v. t. To pile hay or sheaves of grain
in a heap or mass in a barn.
MOW (mo), v. t. [pret. MOWED; pp. MOWED,
MOWN.] To cut with a scythe ; to level ; to de-
stroy ; v. i. to cut grass ; to practise or perform
the business of mowing; to gather in a crop of
MOW'-BtFRN (mou'-), v. i. To heat and ferment in
a barn.
MOWED (mode), o. Cut with a scythe; cleared of
grass with a scythe.
MOWER (mo'er), n One who mows or cuts
grass.
MOWING (mS'ing), n. The act of cutting with a
.scythe.
MOWN fmone), a., from Mow. Cut with a scythe.
MOX'A, n. Primarily, the down of a Chinese plant
used for curing certain disorders by burning it on
the skin; hence any remedy used in the same
manner.
MUCH, a. Great in quantity ; long in duration.
MUCH, n. A great quantity; more than enough;
heavy service ; something strange.
MOCH, ad. In a great degree ; often or long.
MO'CID, a. Musty ; mouldy ; slimy.
MU'CI-LAGE, n. A slimy substance of vegetables ;
the liquor which lubricates the ligaments and car-
tilages of the animal body.
MtT-CI-LAG'I-NOUS, a. Pertaining to or secreting
mucilage ; partaking of the nature of mucilage.
SYW. Lubricous ; slimy ; ropy ; viscous.
MOCK, n. Moist vegetable matter; dung in a moist
state. The phrase to run a muc/c has no connec-
tion with this word. It is borrowed from the
Malay word amofc, slaughter, and denotes to
rush out attacking all that comes in the way, as
is done by certain fanatics in the East under fu-
rious excitement.
MOCK, v. t. To manure with muck.
FAT.L, WHAT; THftRE,TER3r; MARINE, BtRD j
MUD'DIED (muudid), a. boiled with inu>.
, ' A dung-hill.
MUCK'LE (muk'kl), o. Much ; large. [Scotch.]
MUCK'- WORM (-wiirm), a. A worm, in muck ; a
miser.
MOCK'Y, a. Full of muck; filthy.
Mfl'COUS (mii'kus), a. Pertaining to mucus;
slimy ; viscous.
MU't!RO-NA-TED, a. Narrowed to a point.
MO'U-LENT, a. Moist and moderately viscous.
MtJ'-eUS, n. A viscid fluid secreted by the muoous
membrane, as of the nostrils.
M CD, n. Wet earth ; slime ; mire.
MOD, . t. To make foul with mud; to bury in
naudj to stir the sediment in liquor j.
turbid ; confused in mind.
M UD'DI- L Y, ad. With foul mixture.
MUi 'UI-NESS, n. State of being muddy ; foulness
caused by mud, &c.; intellectual cloudiness or
dullness.
MUD'iJl.E, v. t. To make foul or turbid, as water ;
to make half drunk ; to stupefy; v. i. to contract
filth ; to be in a confused or dirty state.
M UD'DLE, n. A confused or turbid state
MUD'DY, a. Having the state or quality of foul-
ness ; dirty; turbid; impure; heavy; dark.
MUD'DY, v. t. To soil with mud; to make foul
MOD'DY-ING, n. State of being soiled or clouded
with mud.
.MUD'SlLL, 11. In bridges, the sill that lies on the
bottom of a river or lake. [of prayer.
MU-EZ'ZIN, 71. A Mohammedan crier of the hour
MUFF, n. A cover of skin and fur for the hands.
MUF'FIN, n. A delicate, light, spongy cake, baked
on a griddle.
MUF'FLE (mtiffl), n. A chemical vessel used for
the purification of gold and silver.
MtlF'FLE, v. t. To cover closely ; to blindfold ; to
put matting or a soft substance round an oar to
prevent noise; to wind something round the
strings of a drum to render the sound grave or
solemn.
MUFFLED (muffld), a. Covered closely, as the
face, &c. ; deadened in sound, as a drum.
MUF'FLER, n. A kind of cover for the face.
M0FTI (muf'ty), n. A Mohammedan high-priest.
MUG, n- An earthen or metal cup for drink.
MOG'GY^ H '} ' M oist; damp; close.
MUG' WORT, n. The common name of the art-
misia vulgaris, which is closely allied to worm-
wood.
MU-LATTO, n. ; pi. MU-LXT'TOES. The offspring of
a negress by a white man, or of a white woman
by a negro; a. pertaining to a mulatto; of the
colour of a mulatto.
MCL'BER-RY, n. A tree and its fruit.
MULCH, n. Loose matter, like decayed leaves,
straw, &c., placed around the roots of plants to
protect them in drought or extreme cold.
MULCH, v. t. To cover with half-rotten straw,
litter, &c.
MULCH'IN'G, n. The application of mulch to the
roots of plants.
MUL-t!T, n. A fine; penalty for an offence ; v. t. to
fine ; to punish by a fine
M U LT'U-A-RY, o. Imposing a pecuniary penalty.
MULE, n. An animal or plant of a mongrel kind,
the produce of different species ; an instrument
for cotton-spinning, called also a mule jenny.
MULE'-SPlN-NEK, n. One who spins on a mule.
MU-LET-EER', n. A driver or keeper of mules.
MU'LISH, a. Like a mule; stubborn; sullen.
MULL, v. t. To spice and sweeten wine; to dull,
deaden, or dispirit.
MULL, n. A thin, soft kind of muslin, called also
rn.ull-7n.uU.
MULLL'D (muld), a. Softened, sweetened, and
enriched with spices, as wine.
MUL'LEN, ") n. A well-known plant growing be-
MOL'LEIN, 3 side roads, <tc.
MUL'LER, n. A stone for grinding colours.
MUL'LET, n. A fish highly esteemed for food.
MULL'ION (mul'yun), n. A perpendicular divi-
sion in a window-frame.
MULT-ANG'GU-LAR (-ang'gu-lar), a. Having
many angles.
MUL-TI-DEN'TATE, o. Furnished with many
teeth.
MUL-TI-FA'RI-OUS, a. Having great variety.
MUL-TI-FA'RI-OUS-LY, ad. In various ways.
MUL-Tl-FA'RI-OUS-NESS, n. Great diversity.
M UL'TI-FO l .D, a. M any times doubled.
MUL'TI-FORM, a. Having many shapes.
MUL-TI-FORM'I-TY, n. Diversity of formg,
shapes, or appearances.
MUL
293
MTJS
DOVE, WOLF, B9?K ; Rtf LE, BTTLL ; Vl"CIOUS.
M UL-TI-LAT'ER-AL, a. Having many sides.
MUL-TI-LlVE-AL, a. Having many lines.
MUL-TI-LO'C-LAR, a. Having many cells.
MUI-TIL'O-QUENCE, n. Use of many words.
MUL-TIP'A-KOUS, a. Bearing many at a birth.
MUL-TIP'AR-TITE, a. Divided into many parts.
MOLTI-PED, n. An insect with many feet.
Ill'LTl-PLE, n. A number which contains an-
other a certain number of times ; in arithmetic, a
common multiple of two or more numbers con-
tains each of them a certain number of times
exactly.
MCI.'TI-PLEX, a. Many-fold.
MOLTI-PLI-A-BLE, } a. That may be multi-
MDL'TI-PLI-A-BLE,; plied.
MUL-TI-PLI-GAND', ,i. A number to be multi-
plied.
MULTI-PLI-ATE, a. Consisting of many.
MUL-TI-PLI-A'TION, n. Act of multiplying; a
rule or operation for finding the sum of auy given
number repeated any proposed number of times.
MUL-TI-PLI-A'TOR, n. The number by which
another is multiplied.
MUL-TI-PLIC'I-TY (-plls'e-ty), n. State of being
many ; many of the same kind.
MOL'TI-PLI-ER, n. He or the number that mul-
tiplies or that increases numbers.
MULTI-PLY, v. t. To make more by addition or
natural generation ; in arithmetic, to increase any
given number as often as there are units in any
other given number.
MULTI-PLY, r. t. To grow in number or ex-
tent. SYN. To increase; extend; spread; add;
accumulate ; enlarge.
MUL-Tl.S'O-NOUS, a. Having many sounds.
MOL'TI-TCDE, n. A great number ; the sum of
many ; lower class of society. STN. Assembly ;
ass mblage ; collection ; swarm ; throng ; mass ;
crowd ; populace.
MUL-TI-TC'DI-NA-RY, ") a. Consisting of a great
MUL-TI-TC'Di-NOUS, 5 number; manifold.
MUL'T'I-VM-W-LAR, ) *^ * valves -
MULT'ORE (mulfyur), n. A grinding; toll paid
for grinding.
MOM, n. A species of ale made from wheaten
malt ; o. silent ; as an exclamation, be silent !
hush !
MCM'BLE, v. t. or t. To eat with the lips close;
to chew one's words ; to mutter or speak indis-
tinctly.
MCM'BLEB, n. One that mutters or speaks
low.
MUMM, v. t. To mask ; to sport in disguise.
MOM'MER, n. One who makes sport in a mask.
MOM'MER-Y, n. Sport in masks ; farcical show.
MUM-MI-FI-A'TION, n. The act of making or
being made into a mummy.
MtJM'MI-FORM, o. In form like a mummy.
MOM'MI-FY, v. t. To embalm, as a mummy.
Jll'MMY, n. A dead human body embalmed and
dried after the manner of the ancient Egyptians.
MUMP, ;. T. or t. Tomovethe lips with the mouth
almost closed ; to use begging tricks ; to nibble.
MOMP'ER, 71. A beggar.
MCMFISH, a. Being or appearing dull; sullen;
cross.
MDMPS, n. pi. An inflammation or swelling of the
glands of the neck ; sullenness.
II, v. t. or t. To eat fast and much.
N (JH'ER, n. One that eats eagerly,
i > \NE, a. Belonging to this world.
MUN-DI-FI-A'TION, n. The act of cleansing.
MU-N1C'I-PAL (-nls'e-pal), a. Belon-ing to a
corporation, city, state, or nation. SYN. Corpo-
rate ; civic; civil: national.
MU-NIC-I-PAL'I-TY,n. A district, its people or
government.
MU-N1F'I-CEXCE, n. The art of giving liberally
from generous motives. SYN. Liberality ; bene-
ficence; generosity; bounteousness ; bountiful-
; bounty.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
MU-MF'I-CENT, a. Giving liberally and gener-
ously. SYN. Liberal; generous; beneficent;
bounteous ; bountiful ; "benevolent, which see.
MO'NI-MENT, n. Fortification for defence; a
writing by which claims or rights are defended.
MU-Nl"TION (-nish'un), n. A fortress or defence ;
materials iised in war ; ammunition ; provisions
or stores for army or navy, &c.
MUN- JEET', n. A species of madder, produced in
various districts of India.
MO'RAL, a. Pertaining or attached to a wall; re-
sembling a wall.
MOR'DER, n. The killing of a human being with
premeditated malice ; an outcry when life is in
dang r.
MUR'DER, v. t. To kill a human being with pre-
meditated malice; to put an end to. Sv.v. To
kill; assassinate; slay; massacre; destroy. Se
KILL.
MOR'DER-ER, n. One guilty of murder.
MUR'UI R-OUS, a. Guilty of murder ; consisting
in or done with murder ; addicted to blood ; pre-
meditating or committing murder. SYN. Bloody ;
sanguinary ; cruel ; savage.
MOK'JDER-OUS-LY, ad. With murderous or bloody
spirit ; like murder.
MO'RI-ATE, n. A kind of salt formed of muriatic
acid and a base ; if with an excess of acid, oxymu-
riate; if not enough, sub-muriate; in a state of
dryness, chlorid.
MD'RI-A-TED, a. Combined with muriatic acid ;
brined.
MU-RI-AT'I, a. Muriatic acid (more properly hy-
drochloric) is composed of equal parts o" hydrogen
and chlorine.
M0RK'I-LY, ad. Obscurely ; gloomily.
MtfRK'Y, a. Dark ; gloomy ; cloudy.
MCR'MUR, v. i. To make a low continued nois,
as a hum of bees, or as a stream, waves, or flame ;
to utter complaints or sullen discontent in a low,
half articulate voice. SYN. To mutter; grum-
ble ; purl ; complain ; repine.
MtjR'MUR, n. A purling sound, as of a stream ; a
low, repeated sound ; a half-suppressed com-
plaint, &c.
MtJR'MUR-ER, n. One who mutters or com-
plains.
MCR'MUR-ING, n. The utterance of a low sound ;
a confused noise ; complaint.
MOR'RAIN (mur'rin), n. An infectious and fatul
disease among cattle.
MOS'AT,
MOS'CLE (mus'sl), n. A fleshy part of the body,
consisting of fibres inclosed in their cellular mem-
brane, admitting of contraction and rel;;
and thus serving as the organs of motion in ani-
mals ; a bivtilvular shell-fish.
MUS-O-VA'DO, 7i. Unrefined sugar; the raw
material from which loaf and lump sugar are ob-
tained bv refining.
MCS'O-VY-GLASS, n. Mica, the large plates of
which are brought from Eastern Russia.
MOS'GU-LAR, a. Pertaining to or performed by a
muscle; strong; vigorous.
MUS-GU-LAR'I-TY, n. State of being muscular.
MC$E (muze), 7i. Deity of poetry ; deep thought.
MCSE (muze), v. i. To think closely or in silence;
to be so absorbed in contemplation as not to
notice passing scenes, &c. SYN. To meditate;
think. See PONDER.
. t. To ponder ; to study in silence.
MOSE'FITL, a. Silently thoughtful ; being absent
in mind".
MOSE'LESS, a. Disregarding poetry.
MCS'EIt, n. One that thinks closely or is absent
in mind.
*,n.pl. In mythology, the nine sister god-
desses presiding over the liberal arts.
MU-SE'UM, 71. A cabinet of curiosities.
MUS
294
MUZ
I, fi, &c., long. I, *, &c., s?ior. ciRE, PAR, LAST,
MOSH, n. Maze-meal and water boiled; hasty
pudding.
MOSH'KOOM, n. A name of numerous plants oi
the natural order of fungi ; an upstart.
MO'SI, n. Melody or harmony; succession of
sounds modulated or combined to please the ear ;
science of harmonical sounds ; art of combining
sounds to please the ear ; any eiitertainment con
sistiug in melody or harmony ; order ; harmony
of revolution.
MO'SI-AL, a. Belpnging to music ; melodious ;
harmonious ; pleasing to the ear.
MO'SI<J-AL-GLASS'ES, n. A musical instrument
formed of a number of glass goblets, played on
with the fingers damped.
MO'Sre-AL-LY, ad. Harmoniously; melodiously;
with sweet sounds.
MU-Sl"CIAN (-zVsh'an), n. One who sings or per-
forms on a musical instrument ; one skilled in
music.
MO'SI-e-MAS-TElt, 11. One who teaches music.
MUSK, n. A kind of deer, and a strong-scented
substance procured from it.
MOSK, v. t. To perfume with musk.
MOS'KET, n. A species of fire-arms. [ket.
MU3-KET-EER', 71. A soldier armed with a mus-
MUS-KET-OON', n. A short thick musket.
MOS'KET-RY, n. Muskets in general or their
fire.
MOS'KET-SHOT, n. The shot of a musket; the
distance a musket will carry a ball.
MOSK'MEL-ON, n. A delicate species of melon
with a musky fragrance.
MOSK'RAT, > . A small quadru-
MOS'QUASH (mus'kwoshj.f ped that burrows in
the banks of streams, having the smell of musk,
valued for its fur.
MOSK'Y, a. Having the odour of musk ; fragrant.
MOSTjIN, n. A fine cotton cloth with a downy
nap.
MOS'LIN, a. Made of muslin, as a muslin gown.
MU&LIN-DE-LAINE, n. [Fr.] A sort of light,
thin woollen cloth, used for ladies' dresses, &c.
MUS-LIN-ET, . A coarse cotton cloth.
HUB-QUITO (mus-ke'to), n.; pi. MUS-QUI'TOS (mus-
ke'toze). A small annoying insect, bred in the
water.
MOS'ROLE, n. The nose band of a bridle.
MOS'SEL, n: A shell-fish. See MUSCLE.
MOS'SUL-MAN, n. ; pi. MOS'SUL-MANS. A Moham-
medan, or follower of Mohammed.
MUS-SUL-MAN'ie, }a. Belonging to Mussul
MOS'SUL-MAN-ISH,j mans.
MOST, v. t. To be obliged ; to be morally fit ; used
as an auxiliary verb.
MOST, v. i. To grow mouldy and fetid.
MOST, n. New wine unfermented.
MUS-TACHE' (mus-tash'), n. 8.)
MUS-TACH'ES, n. pi. I
MUS-TACH-IO, n. j
MUS-TACH'IOED (-tash'dde), a. Having musta-
ches.
MOS'TANG, n. A small, hardy prairio horse in
California, &c.
MOS'TARD, n. A plant and its pungent seed,
which, ground into powder, is a well-known con-
diment.
MUS-TEE', ) n. A child of a white person and a
MES-TEE', ) quadroon, in the West Indies.
MOSTER, v. t. To collect troops for review, pa-
rade, &c. ; to gather persons or things ; v . i. to
meet in one place ; to assembVj.. SYN. To assem-
ble ; collect ; gather ; review, &c.
MOS'TER, n. A review ; collection ; register of
forces.
MOS'TEE-MAS'TEE, n. One who super:
the muster of troops, and takes account
equipments, &c.
MOS'TER-EOLL, n. A list of forces.
MCS'TI-LY, ad. With a musty smell : sourly.
MOS'TI-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
musty ; mouldiness ; damp foulness.
F4LL, WH4-T ; TH*RB, T^BM ; MABINZ, BiKD ; MOVB,
MOS'TY, a. Affected with mould ; spoiled b
or age, &c. SYN. Mouldy; fetid; ill flavoured;
stale.
MU-TA-BlL'I-TY, 7 n. Susceptibili
MO'TA-BLE-NESS, / state or habit ,
changing ; disposition of mind for <.
Changeableness ; instability ; inconstancy ; fickle-
ness ; unsteadiness ; variableness.
MOTA-BLE, a. Subject to, susceptible of, or
given to change. SYN. Changeable; fickle; in-
constant; unstable; unsettled; wavering; vari-
able.
MU-TA'TION, n. Change or process of changing ;
alteration either in form or qualities.
MOTE, a. Uttering no sound ; speechless ; not
sounded, as a mute letter. SYN. Silent ; dumb.
One is silent who does not speak ; one is dumb
who can not, for want of the proper org.u
child is born dum&, a dumb beast, &c.; onu .
who is held back from speaking by some special
cause, as he was mute through fear, &c. Such is
the case with most of those who never speak from
childhood ; they are not ordinarily dumb, but
mute because they are deaf, and therefore never
learn to talk ; and hence their more appropriate
name is dea/-mutes.
MOTE, n. One who is silent ; a silent letter ; in
Turkey, a dumb officer that acts as executioner.
In England, one employed to stand before a house
Srevious to a funeral ; a brass uteusil used to
eaden or soften the sounds of the violin.
MOTE, v. i. To discharge the contents of the
bowels, as a fowl ; n. the dung of birds.
MOTE'LY, ad. Silently; without uttering words
or sounds.
MO'TI-LATE, v. t. To cut off, as a limb; to
separate or remove an important part ; to render
imperfect. SYN. To maim ; mangle ; deprive ;
retrench.
MU-TI-LA'TION, n. Act of depriving of a limb or
of some essential part.
MO'TI-LA-TOR, n. One who mutilates.
MU-TI-NEER', ri. One who resists order in the
army or navy.
MO'TI-NOUS, a. Disposed to resist authority;
resisting authority. SYN. Seditious ; rebellious ;
disorderly ; turbulent ; insurgent.
M O'TI-NY, n. An insurrection of soldiers or sea-
men against the authority of their command-
ers.
MO'TI-NY, v. i. To rise against authority in the
military or naval service.
MOT'TER, v. i. or t. To speak low ; to grumble.
MOT'TER-EE, n. A grumbler; a murinurer.
MOT'TEE-LNG, n. A grumbling or murmuring; a.
low or grumbling.
MOT'TON (mut'tu), n. Flesh of sheep ; a sheep.
MOTION-CHOP, n. A rib of mutton for broiling,
&c.
M OTTON-FlST, n. A large and red hand.
MO'TO-AL (-yu-al), a. Interchanged; given and
received, as mutual affection, mutual vows. SYN.
Common. Common is applied to that which
belongs alike, or in common, to the parties con-
cerned, as our cormnon country, a common friend.
Mutual implies an interchange of the thing spoken
of between the parties, as mutual friendship.
Hence to speak of " a mutual friend" fas if a
friend could be interchanged) is a gross error;
while it is proper to speak of having a mutual de-
sire to promote the interests of a common friend
or of our common country.
MOT-0-AL'I-TY, n. State of being mutual.
MOT'0-AL-LY, ad. In a mutual manner; inter-
ably.
MOZ'ZLE, v. t. To fasten the mouth to prevent
biting or eating.
MOZ'ZLE, n. The nose or mouth ; a fasten
the mouth.
MOZ'ZLE-lilNG, n. The ring round the mouth of
a canon.
MOZ'ZY, a. Absent ; bewildered.
MY
295
NAR
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK; K*LE, BULL; VICIOUS. -6 OS K ; GaSJ; S as Z ; (' II as 811; T1IIS.
'n. [Contracted from Sax. migen.] Belonging
i >-I>ON, 71. An extinct edentate animal.
! IEEE', n. My Lord; a Dutchman.
< ; IIAPH-Y, n. A description of the muscles
of tho
M Y-O-LGG'I-AL, o. Pertaining to myoloory.
MY-OL'O-GIST, n. One conversant with myology.
MY-OL'O-GY, n. An account of, or the doctrine of
the muscles.
K, 7i. ; pi. MY'OPES. A short -sighted person.
MY'O-PY, 71. Sh-
SIS, 7i. A disease of the eye.
MY&1-AD, n. Tlie number of ten thousand; an
immense indefinite number.
MYR'I-A-GRAM, ) n. A French measure equal
MYR'I-A-GRAMHEj to 10,000 grammes, or about
22 pounds.
MYE-I-AL'I-TER, ") n. A French measure of nearly
MYB'I-A-LI-TRE, ) 10,000 litres, or nearly 42
hogsheads wine measure.
MYK-I-A M 'E-TER,) n. In French linear measure,
MYR'I-A-ME-TEE, | 10,000 metres, or nearly 6*
miles.
MYK'i-A-POD, n. One of an order or class of in-
sects havi 't or legs.
MTBfl-ABJS, n. A French measure of 10,000 ares, or
nearly 247 acres.
!-O-LOGUE (-log), n. An extemporaneous
funeral song.
MYE-I-O-EA'MA, n. Literally, ten thousand views.
MYETtfl-DON (17) (mur'me-dou), ri. A rough
soldier ; a ruffian.
MYEEH (mur), n. A bitter, aromatic gum -resin
in the form of drops or globules.
M YK-TA'CIOUS, a. Of or pertaining to the myrtle.
MYRTLE (inur'tl), n. A shrub of several species.
MY-SELF', a compound pronoun used after I,
and marking emphatically the distinction be-
tween the speaker and another person ; I ; not
another.
MYSTA-GOGUE (-go-), n. An interpreter of
mysteries; an exhibitor of church r eh" cs.
MYS-T'EI-OUS, a. Not easily understood; not
revealed or explained. SYN. Obscure ; occult ;
secret.
MYS-T'RI-OUS-LY, ad. In a secret or obscure
manner.
MYS-T'EI-OUS-NESS, n. The state or quality
of being obscure ; artful perplexity.
MYSTER-Y, n. A profound secret ; something be-
yond human comprehension ; a kind of i
drama. The mysteries, among the anciei;
secret religious rites or ceremonies, to which only
the initiated were admitted.
MYSTI-6, >a. Obscure; secret; involving
MYSTIG-AL, j some secret meaning ; allegorical.
1\L YSTI-G-AL-LY, ad. With a secret mean
T-I YSTI-A L-NESS, n. Quality of being m
."!, 71. Obscurity of doctrine; the doc-
trine of mystics.
MYSTICS, 7i. pi. Those who profess to receive, in
holy contemplation, true religious knowledge, or
impressions directly from the Divine Spirit.
MYS-TI-FI-A"1TON, n. The act of rendering any
thing mysterious.
MYSTI-FY, v. t. To involve in mystery.
i . n. A fictitious story ; fable.
MYTHIC, ) a. Fabulous; pertaining to a
MYTH'I-AL, j myth.
MYTH-O-LOG'IJ, \a. Pertaining to mytho-
MYTH-p-LfxVK-'-AL, S loiry or fables.
MY-THO.L'O-('iIST, n. One versed in mytl
MY-THOL'O-GY, n. A system of fal :
lous doctrines respecting the deities of heathen
nations.
MYX'ON, n. A fish allied to the mi
N.
"M" the fourteenth letter in Ei imper-
*" feet mute or :- a uniform or
nasal sound, as in 7io. After m it is uniformly
silent, as in hymn, and often after I, as in
NAB, v. t. To catch suddenly ; to .seize.
Ni'BOB, n. A deputy or governor of a province in
India ; a rich man.
NA'!EE, a. A beautiful iridescent substance lining
the interior of certain s i
NA'EE-OUS, a. Having an iridescent lustre, like
mother-of-pearl.
NA'DIE, 71. The point opposite the zenith and di-
rectly under our feet.
NAG, 7i. A or a horse in general.
NA'IAD (na'yad), n. A water nymph ; a deity that
presides over rivers and spri
NA'IA-DESj (ua'ya-dez) n. pi. Water nymphs; in
concliology, a family of fresh-water shells.
NAIL, n. A horny substance on the end of the fin-
gers and toes; a claw; an iron pin; a stud; a
boss ; two inches and a quarter.
NAIL. . t. To fasten with a nail ; to stud.
NAIL'EE, n. One whose occupation is to make nails.
NAIL'EE-Y, n. A manufactory where nails are
made.
NA'IVE (na'eve), a. [Fr.] Having native or un-
affected simplicity ; ingenuous.
NA'IVE-TE (nii'eve-ta), n. [Fr.] Native simplicity j
unaffected plainness or ingenuousn
NA'KED, a. Having no covering ; bare ; open ;
without disguise, addition, &c. ; not concealed ;
exposed.
NA'KED-LY, ad. Openly ; plainly. [defence.
NA'KED-NESS, n. Bareness; want of covering or
NAM'BY-PAM'BY, n. Something affected or finical.
NAME, 7i. That by which a person or thing is
called ; reputation ; remembrance ; authori y, as
in the 7iame of; appearance, as in name merely.
SYN. Appellation; title; denomination. JVame is
generic, denoting that combination of sounds or
letters by which a person or thing is known and
distinguished. Appellation, though sometimes
put for 7iame simply, denotes, more properly, a
descriptive term, used by way of marking some in-
dividual peculiarity or characteristic, as Charles
the Bold, Philip the Stammerer. A title is a term,
employed to point out one's rank, office, &c., as
the Duke of Bedford, Paul the Apostle, &c. Deno-
mination is to particular bodies wluu
to individuals; thus the Church of Christ is di-
vided into different denominations, as Co,
tionalists, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, &c.
NAME, v. t. To mention or call by name ; to give
a name. SYN. To denominate; style; mention;
nominate ; specify.
l ESS, u. Having no name ; anonymous.
NAME'LY, ad. Particularly ; that is to say.
NAME'SAKE, n. A person of the same name.
NAN-KEEM', n. A species of buff-coloured cotton
cloth.
NAP, n. A short sleep; the pile or projecting
woolly fibres on cloth
NAP, v. i. To sleep a short time; to be careless.
SYN. To sleep ; doze ; slumber ; drowse.
; . n. The ioint of the neck behind.
NA'PEE-Y, 71. Linen, especially for the table.
NAPHTHA (nap'tha), TI. A bituminous and very
le liquid, of a stri t odour,
which exudes from the earth, or is distilled from
coal-tar.
NAPKIN, n. A towel ; a cloth to wipe things.
,SS, Q. Having no nap ; threadbare.
NAP'PI-NESS, n. Abundance of nap ; the quality
of being inclined to take
NAP'PY, a. Having a nap ; frothy ; :
NAE-CIS SUrf, 71. A genus of plants compri
daffodils, ionquils, &c.
NAE--eOT'I, a. Inducing sleep ; soporific.
NAR
296
NAV
1, 1, &c., long. X, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST ;
n. A medicine which, in proper
doses, relieves pain and induces sleep, but in
larger doses causes stupor, convulsions, and even
death.
NARM30-TINE, n. Narcotic principle of opium.
NAR'-eO-TISM, 7i. The state of being rendered
drowsy ; the effect of a narcotic.
NARD, n. Spikenard; an odoriferous plant; an
unguent prepared from it.
NAR-RATE' or NAR'RATE, v. t. To recite, as a
story ; to relate the particulars of any event, &c. ;
to write the particulars of a history, &c. SYN. To
tell; rehearse; relate.
NAR-RA'TION, n. The act of telling the particu-
lars of an event; a statement, oral or written, of
any transaction. SYN. Relation ; recital ; re-
hearsal; description; account, which see.
NAR'RA-TIVE, a. Relating particulars ; apt to re-
late stories, &c. ; n. recital of particulars ; story.
NAR-RATOR, n. A rolator ; a reciter.
NAR'ROW (nar'ro), a. Of little breadth; of little
extent ; not liberal or bountiful. STN. Con-
tracted; limited; strait; close; confined.
NAR'ROW, v. t. To contract in breadth ; to draw
into less compass ; v. i. to become less broad; to
contract in size.
NAR'RO W-ING, n. The part of a stocking which
is narrowed ; the act of contracting.
NAR'ROW-LY, ad. Closely ; nearly ; hardly.
NAR'ROW-MIND'ED, a. Illiberal; mean-spirited. |
NAR'ROW-NESS. n. Want of breadth; meanness ; ;
smallness of extent or estate, &c. ; want of liberal
views. SYN. Contractedness ; illiberality.
NAR'ROWS, n. pi. A narrow passage through a
mountain or between hills or highlands ; a nar-
row channel of water between one sea or lake and
another ; a sound.
NAR'WHALJ' 1 - The sea unicorn.
NA'SAL (na'zal), n. A letter whose sound is af- i
fected by the nose ; a medicine operating through
the nose.
NA'SAL, a. Pertaining to the nose ; formed or af-
fected by the nose.
NAS'CENT, o. Beginning to exist; growing.
NA$'I-FORM, a. Having the shape of the nose.
NAS'TI-LY, ad. Dirtily; filthily; obscenely.
NAS'TI-NESS, n. Filthiuess; filth; obscenity.
NAS-TOR'TIUM, ) n. An annual plant of strong I
NAS-TCR'TION, J smell whose fruit is used as a i
pickle ; Indian cress.
NAS'TY, a. Disgustingly filthy. SYN. Wet ; filthy ; ;
foul ; dirty. Any thing nasty is wet or damp
(Ger. nass, wet), and disgusts by its stickiness or ;
odour. Not so with filthy and joul, which imply ;
only that a thing is filled or covered with often- j
sive matter, as filthy clothing, foul vapours, &c.
There is a rather peculiar use of this word in
calling a rain in fine drops a nasty rain, a day of
such rain a nasty day, a sky which portends it a
nasty sky, thus retaining the original sense of wet
as the leading idea. It is the same with the
word dirty, speaking of a dirty rain and a dirty
day, &c. ; and it is not improbable that this word,
like the other, had originally the sense of ivet.
NA'TAL, a. Relating to nativity or birth. See
NATIVE.
NA'TANT, a. Swimming; floating on the surface
of w_ater, as the leaf of an aquatic plant.
NA-TA'TION, n. A swimming ; a floating.
NA-TA-TO'RI-AL, a. Swimming or adapted to
swimming, as birds, &c.
NA'TA-TO-RY, a. Enabling to swim.
NA'TION, n. A body of people under one govern-
ment, generally of like origin and language. See
PKOPLE.
NA'TION-AL (nash'un-al), a. Pertaining to a na-
tion ; public; general; common to a nation.
NA'TION-AL-ISM, > , , ,, , (n. The state
NA'TION-AL-NESS, j ( n5sllun -) { o f being na-
tional.
NA-TION-AL'I-TY, n. The quality of being na-
FALL, WHAT ; THfiRE, TERM; MARINE, 3iRD ; MOVE,
tional ; national character ; state of beloij
a nation.
NA'TION-AL-IZE (nash'un-), v. t. To make na-
tional.
NA'TIVE, a. Born with the being ; not acquired ;
pertaining to the place of birth ; that of which
any thing is made. SYN. Natural ; natal. Jtfattt-
ral refers to the nature (natura) of a thing ; natii*
(from nascor, natus) to one's birth or origin, as a
native country, language, &c.; natal (natalis) to
the circumstances of one's birth, as a 7iatal day or
star. Native talent is that which is inborn ; natu-
ral talent is that which springs from the structure
of the mind. .Native eloquence is the result of
strong innate emotion ; natural eloquence is
opposed to that which is artificial.
NA'TlVK, n. One born in a place.
NA'TIVE-LY, ad. By birth ; naturally.
NATIVE-N ESS, n. State of being native.
NA-TlV'I-TY, n. Birth ; manner of birth ; state or
place of being produced; the birth-day of the
Saviour.
NAT'0-RAL (nat'yu-ral, a. Pertaining to the con-
stitution or essential qualities of things ; pro-
duced according to or by nature ; not artificial or
far-fetched ; thi b which is not revealed, as natural
religion ; born out of wedlock, as a natural child.
See NATIVE.
NATU-RAL, n. An idiot; a fool; one born with-
out the usual powers of understanding.
NAT'0-RAL-ISM, 71. Mere state of nature ; the
doctrine of those who deny supernatural agency
in the miracles, revelation, and grace of God, &c.
NAT'0-RAL-IST, n. One who studies or is yersed
in natural history.
NAT-C-RAL-I-ZA'TION, n. Admission to the pri-
vileges of native citizens or subjects.
NAT'C-RAL-IZE, v. t. To confer on an alien the
rights of citizenship ; to make natural ; to accli-
mate ; to make vernacular or our own ; to ac-
custom.
NAT'0-RAL-LY, ad. According to nature or the
usual course of things ; spontaneously.
NAT'C-RAL-N ESS, n. State of being produced by
nature ; conformity to nature.
NAT'URE (nat'ynr), n. The system of created
things; figuratively, the agent or Creator of
things ; essential qualities ; constitution ; regu-
lar course ; natural affection ; sort ; kind j senti-
ments, &c., conformed to nature ; birth.
NAUGHT (naut), n. Nothing.
NAUGHT, a. Worthless.
NAUGHT'ILY (naw'te-ly), ad. In a bad manner ;
wickedly ; vilelv.
NAUGHT'I-NESS, n. The state or quality of bad-
ness. SYN. Badness ; perverseness ; mischiev-
ousness.
NAUGHT'Y (naw'ty), a. Being bad or perverse;
mischievous; perverse; froward.
NAUS'O-PY, n. The art of discovering approach-
ing ships at a distance.
NAU'SEA (naw'shea), n. Sickness at the stomach.
SYN. Loathing; disgust; qualmishness.
NAU'SE-ATE (uaw'she-ate), v. t. To affect with
disgust ; to loathe ; v. i. to become qualmish ; to
feel disgust.
NAU'SEOUS (naw'shus), a. Causing disgust ; re-
garded with abhorrence. SYN. Loathsome; die-
1 gusting.
NAU'SEOUS-LY, ad. With disgust.
NAU'SEOUS-NESS, n. The quality of exciting dis-
i gust ; loathsomeness.
1 NAU'TI-AL, a. Pertaining to seamen and navi-
I gation. SYN. Marine ; maritime; natal, which
I see.
i NAU'TI-LUS, n. A cephalopodous mollusc, with
j a spiral chambered shell.
' NA'VAL, a. Consisting of or belonging to ships.
j SYN. Nautical. Naval .(from navis) is applied to
I ships or a navy ; nautical (from nauta) to seamen
and the art of navigation. Hence we speak of a
naval as opposed to a military engagement ; naval
NAV
297
NEE
D6VE, WQLF, B<?QK ; R^LE, BrLL J Vl"CIOUS.
equipments or stores, a naval triumph, a naval
officer, &c., and of nautical pursuits or instruc-
tion, nautical calculations, and nautical almanac,
&c.
NAVE, n. The middle of a church ; the hub or
central part of a wheel.
L (na'vl), 7i. The middle of the abdomen.
NAW-EL-STRING, n. The ligament that attaches
a fetus to the placenta ; the umbilical cord.
XA-Vh I'-I.AU, a. Relating to ships or boats;
like a boat.
i iA-ULE, a. Passable for ships or boats.
NAV'I-GA-BLE-NESS, > n. State of being navi-
NAV-I-GA-BIL'I-TY, j gable.
NAVI-GATE, v. i. To pass on water with ships ;
to sail or steam ; u. t. to pass over in ships ; to
sail on ; to steer, as a vessel.
NAV-I-GA'TION, n. The act of passing in ships or
other vessels, or of managing ships in sailing ;
ships in general.
NAV'I-GA-TOR, n. One who directs the course of
a ship ; one who navigates or
NAVVY, n. (contraction for navigator.) An exca-
vator or labourer on a railway, ctinal, &c.
NAVY, n. A fleet of ships ; ships of war ; the of-
ficers and men belonging to a navy ; the naval
service.
NAY (na), n. Denial ; refusal.
.. No ; a word of denying or refusal; not
only so; not this alone.
NAZ-A-KENE', n. An inhabitant of Nazareth ; an
epithet of contempt applied to the early Chris-
NAZ'A-RITE, n. A Jew bound by a vow to gre~ 4
purity of life and devotion, especially to absti-
.oe from intoxicating drinks.
NAZE, n. A cliff or headland.
NEAP (neep), n. The pole or tongue of a cart, <tc.
NEAP, a. Low, as neap tides, which happen in the
middle of the second and fourth quarters of the
moon, and are opposed to spring tides.
NEAPED (ueept), a. Left aground, as a ship at
neap tide.
NE-A-PUL'I-TAN, a. Pertaining to Naples.
NEAR (neer), a. Not far distant in place, time, or
degree ; chx-ely connected with ; affecting cue's
-dtp off; intimate ;
close ; covetous ; ad. almost ; within a little dis-
tance.
i.-. t. To approach ; to come nearer to ; v. i.
to draw near.
NEAR'EST, a. Shortest ; most direct.
NEAR'LY, ad. At hand; closely; sparingly.
NEAR'NESS, n. Closeness; close alliance; covet-
ousness.
SIGHTED (neer'-sl'ted), a. Discerning ob-
jects within short distances ; short-sighted.
NEAT (neet), n. Cattle of the bovine or ox kind.
NEAT, a. Free from uncleanness or impurity ;
having the quality of neatness ; well arranged, as
dress; nice; trim. Neat weight, usually ?iet, is
clc;;. ., box, &c.
, n. One who keeps a herd of cattle.
: nicely: handsomely.
3, n. Cleanliness ; niceness.
. Nose ; bill ; beak of a bird; the point of
any thing, as of a pen.
.\EB'U-L& [L.] A dark spot ;
film in the eye ; a faint, cloud-like appearance or
spot ;; tars, shown by the telescope to
be cluster Mrs.
i . AR, a. Pertaining to nebulae.
NEB-C-LOS'I-TY, n. State of being cloudy or hazy ;
pearance like that of a nebula.
LOUS, a. Resembling a collection of va-
to nebulae.
NEC'ES SA-RIES (nes'es-sa-riz), n. pi. Things
needful for life.
NC'ES-SA-RI-LY, ad. From necessity ; unavoid-
--SA-RY, a. That must be ; indispensable;
requisite; inevitable, as a conclusion or result,-
- -e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
acting from compulsion. STN. Needful
tial ; unavoidable ; n. something indispensable ; a
NE-CES-SI-TA'EI- AN, \ n. One who advocates the
NEC-ES-SA'RI-AN, J doctrine of philosophi-
cal necessity.
NE-CES'SI-TATE, r. t. To make necessary; !>
render unavoidable. SYN. To compel; oblige;
force ; constrain.
NE-CES'SI-TOUS, a. Pressed with poverty; in
very ' KED.
NE-Cl. , n. Extreme poverty.
NE-CS'S!-TY, 11. That which must be and can
not be otherwise; irresistible power; what can
not be avoided ; pressing want. SYX. Indispens-
ableness ; unavoidableuess; exigency.
NECK, n. The part which connects the head and
trunk of an animal ; a narrow tract of land ; any
part corresponding to a neck; the long, slender
pan , ^c., as of a gourd, &e.
i.OTH, n. A cloth for men's i
NECKED (nckt), a. Having a neck [u-ed in com-
[neck.
NECK'ER-CHlEF (nek'er-chif), n. A cloth tor the
NECK'LACE, n. A string of bead;;, &.C., worn on
the neck.
NE-RO-LOG'ie-AL, a. Relating to an account of
the <!
NEC-ROL'0-GY, n. A register of deaths ; an ac-
count of the dead or of deaths.
NEC'RO-MAN One who practises necro-
mancy. SYN. Conjurer; enchanter; wizard;
sorcerer; magician.
0-MAN-CY, n. The art of revealing futur?
pv.-.-'its by means of a pretended communication
ie dead ; enchantment; conjuration.
NE-RO-MAVTR', a. Relating to necromancy.
NE-KO-_MAVT1-AL-LY, ad. By the black art.
A city of the dead; In.
Relating to post-mortem
NE-ROP'O-LIS, 71.
ground.
NE-ilO-SeOP'ie, o.
examinations.
NEORO'SIS, n. Death of bones ; disease of plants.
- it, n. The feigned drink of the gods ; any
sweet and pleasant beverage,
-iii r I T -1:1 . -r x
-, a ' Consisting of nectar, or
NE-TA RE-OUS, > ^sembling it.
NE-TA'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to the nectary of i
plant.
TAR-lF'ER-OUS, a. Producing nectar.
.-K1M-J, n. A fruit of the i each kind; .
sweet as m
. RI-OI, n. The part of a flower that se-
cretes a honey-like substance.
v R-O U S, a. Sweet as nectar.
A - R Y , ji . The melliferous part of a flo war ;
the honey-cup.
NEED, u. Occasion for something ; a state that
requires supply or relief ; want of the means of
living. SYN. Necessity. Necessity is stronger
than need it places us under positive compul-
sion. We are frequently under the nc
going without that of which we stand very greatly
in need. It is so also with the corresponding ad-
jectives ; necessitous circumstances imply the
direct pressure of suffering ; needy circumstances
the want of aid or relief.
NEED, v. t. or i. To want ; to lack ; to require.
NEKD'FUL, a. Necessary; required; requisite.
NEELVFUL-LY, ad. Of necessity.
NEKD'1-LY, ad. In want; in p
-NESS, n. Want; iudi
NEE'DLE (nc'dl), n. A pointed instrument for
sewing, knitting, &c. ; the slip of magnetized
steel in a compass ; something in the form of a
needle.
NEE'DLE, v. t. To form crystals in the shape of
nee'"
. E, v. i. To shoot into crystals like needles.
NEEDLE-FUL, n. As much thread as is put at
once into a needle.
NEE
293
NET
i, i , lo., ' MJ. A, fi, &c., short. CARD, FAI:, LAST,
NEED'LESS, a. Not requisite ; unnecessary.
NEED'LESS-LY, ad. Without necessity.
NEED'LESS-NESS, n. State of being unnecessary
NEEDS, ad. Necessarily; indispensably; gener
ally used with must.
NEED'Y, a. Distressed for want of means of liv
ing. SYS. Destitute ; poor ; indigent. See NKED
NE'ER (nar), ad. A contraction of never.
NE EX'E-AT. [.] A writ to prevent a person
from going out of the country.
NE-FA'RI-OUS, a. Abominably wicked ; vile in the
highest degree. SYN. Abominable; detestable;
horrible; atrocious; infamous; impious; iniquit-
ous, which see.
NE-FA'RI-OUS-LY, ad. With extreme wicked
ness.
NE-GA'TION, n. Act of denying; denial; opposed
to affirmation. In legislation, the right of prevent-
ing the enactment of a law.
NEG'A-TlVE, a. Implying denial or absence ; hav-
ing the power of denyinar, &c.
NEG'A-TlVE, 11. A proposition by which seme-
thing is denied; a word that denies, as not, no.
NEG'A-TlVE, v. t. To prove the contrary ; to re-
ject by vote, as a bill ; to deny ; to refuse ; to re-
ject.
NEG'A-TlVE-LY, ad. By means of denial.
NEG-LET, v. t. To omit by carelessness or
design ; to let slip or not notice. SYN. To disre-
gard; disesteem; overlook; slight; contemn.
NEG-LET', n. Forbearance to do a thing that
can or ought to be done ; omission of attention,
&c. ; state of being disregarded, &c. ; habitual
want of regard. SYN. Inattention ; disregard ;
disesteem ; omission ; negligence, which see.
NEG-LT'ER, n. One that neglects or omits.
NEG-LET'FUL, a. Heedless; disregarding;
treating with slight ; indicating indiifereuce.
NEG-LECTFUL-LY, ad. With heedless inatten-
tion.
NEG LI-GENCE, n. Habitual omission of that
which ought to be done. SYN. Neglect. Negli-
gence is the habit, and neglect the act of leaving
things undone. The one naturally leads to the
other. Negligent men are neglectful of their
duties.
NEG'LI-GENT, a. Apt or wont to omit what
ought to be done; not having regard. SYN.
Heedless ; careless ; inattentive ; regardless ; in-
different ; remiss.
NEG'LI-GENT-LY, ad. In a heedless manner;
remissly.
NE-GO-TIA-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of being-
negotiable.
NE-GO'TIA-BLE (ne-go'sha-bl), a. That may be
negotiated, or transferred by assignment or in-
dorsement.
NE-GO'TIATE (ne-go'shate), v. t. To treat with;
to transfer by assignment ; v. i. to transact busi-
ness, or treat with another respecting trade or
treaty.- SYN. To sell; pass ; trade; procure.
NE-GO-TI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. A trading;
treaty of business ; transaction of business be-
tween nations.
NE-GO'TIA-TOR, n. One who treats or transacts
business.
NE'GRESS, n. A female of the black African race.
NE'GBO, n. ; pi. N'GEOES. An African black by
birth, or a descendant of one, of full blood.
NE'GUS, n. Wine, water, sugar, and lemon-juice
mixed.
NEIGH (na), v.i. To cry as ahorse; to whinny;
n. the voice of a horse.
NEIGH'BOUR (na'bur), n. One who lives near; in
familiarity with another; a fellow-being; a coun-
try or nation near.
NEIGH'BOUR (n;Vbur), a. Near to another ; next.
NEIGHBOUR (na'bur), v. t. To live near; to bor-
der on.
NEIGH'BOUR-HQQD (na'bur-), n. A place near or
. Habitants; state of being near. SYN. Vi-
cinity ."-These words differ in degree. <
FALL, WHAT; TUfiRE, TiEil ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVK,
does not denote so close a connection a
bourhood. A neighbourhood is a more immediate
vicinity.
NEIGH'BOUR-ING (nalmr-), a. Near ; bordering
on.
NEIGH'BOUR-LI-NESS (na'bur-), n. State of being
i i hourly ; civility.
NEIGH'BOUR-LY (na'bur.), a. Cultivating familiar
intercourse ; interchanging frequent visits.
SYN. Kind ; civil ; social ; obliging ; friendly.
NEI'THER (ne'thur or ni'ther), comjiound y
or substitute. Not either ; no one ; con. nor.
NEM . CON. [L.] That is, ?iemi?ie contradicente ; no
one opposing ; unanimously.
NEM'O-RAL, a. Pertaining to a grove.
NE-O-LOG'IC-AL, a. Pertaining to ne
NE-OL'O-GIST, i n. One who holds to rationalistic
NE-O-LO'GI-AN, J views in theology.
NE-OL'O-GIZE, r. t. To introduce neology.
NE-OL'O-GY, n. Rationalistic views in theology.
The word is applied especially to the philosophical
theology of the Germans, which rejects inspira-
tion ; rationalism.
NE'O-PHYTE, n. A new convert; a proselyte; a
beginner in learning.
NE-O-TER'I!, a. New ; modern ; of recent origin.
NE-PEN'THE, n. A medicine that relieves pain.
NEPH'A-LISM, 71. Abstinence from intoxicating
drinks.
NEPH'EW (nSfyu), n. The son of a brother or
sister.
NE-PHRlT'I (ne-frit'ik), n. A medicine for curing
diseases of the kidneys ; a. pertaining to the kid-
neys ; affected with the gravel.
NE-PHRI'TIS, n. Inflammation of the kidneys.
NP'O-TIM, n, Fondness or favouritism for
nephews or relations.
NEP'TONE, n. The god of the sea ; the remotest
planet of the solar system, discovered in 1846.
NEP-TU'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to the ocean.
NEP-TU'M-AN, ) n. One who holds that the sub-
NEP'TU-NIST, $ stances of the earth were
formed from aqueous solution.
NE'RE-ID, n. In mythology, a sea-nymph.
.NERVE (13), n. An organ of sensation and motion
in animals ; a sinew or tendon ; strength ; firm-
ness; force; authority.
NERVE, v. t. To give strength or vigour to.
NfiRVE'LESS, a. Destitute of strength ; weak.
NERVINE (nerv'in), a. Giving strength to tin
nerves.
NERVINE, n. A medicine which operates upor
the nerves.
NERVOUS, a. Pertaining to or affecting the
nerves ; being vigorous, as a nervous style ; being
robust, as a nervous man; easily agitated, as a
nervous person.
NERVOUS-LY, ad. With strength or vigour.
NERVOUS-NESS, n. The quality of strength or
vigour; weakness or agitation of the nervous
system.
NES'CIENCE (nc-sh'ence), n. Want of knowledge.
NE'SCIOUS (nc'shus), a. Ignorant.
NESS, a termination of appellatives, denoting state,
quality; as a termination of names, denoting a
promontory.
NEST, TV. The place or bed formed by a bird for
hatching ; an abode or place of residence ; a num-
ber of boxes, or the like, inserted in each other.
NEST-EGG, n. An egg left in a nest.
NESTLE (nes'sl), v.i. To lie close and snug, as a
bird ; to move about in one's seat ; t?. t. to house;
to cherish.
NESTLING, n. A bird just hatched.
NESTLING, a. Being newly hatched.
NES-TO'KI-AN, n. A follower of Nestorius, who
held that the two natures of Christ were not so
blended as to be indistinguishable; a modern
Christian of Pei
N KT, n. An instrument of mesh-work for catch-
ing fish and fowls; a cunning device; a snare;
inextricable difficulty.
NET
NIG
D&VE, WOLF, BQQK ; nt'LE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS. -6 as K ; 6 as J J 8 as Z ; CII as SH ; THI3.
NEWS (nuze), n. sing, and pi. Fresh or novel
accounts of events ; a newspaper. SIN. Intelli-
gence; advice; information; tidings, whicl
NEWS'-BOY, n. A boy who carries and circulates
papers.
MONG-GEE (nuze'-miing-ger), n. A dealer
in news.
PA-PEE, n. A paper to circulate news.
. D-ER, 71. A seller of newspapers.
v. t. To make net-work ; to knot.
.-. Clear of all charges and all deductions,
as net weight ; improperly written nctt.
To produce in clear profit.
EE, a. Lower : belonging to the lower
I to upper.
HE-MOST, a. Lowest, as nethermost
abyss.
NETTING, n. A complication of net-work ; net
work of rope or small lines used for stowing
v certain sails or hammocks.
NETTLE (net'tl), n. A plant whose prickles fret
the skin.
NETTLE, v. t. To excite uneasiness or displea-
not amounting to wrath or violent anger.
. To sting ; vex ; provoke ; irritate.
' . EE, n. One who frets or provokes.
LE-EASH, n. An eruption 011 the skin much
like that caused by the sting- of a nettle.
NKT'-WOEK (-wurk), n. A complication of threads
knotted cr crossed at certain distances, forming
meshes or open spa.ces.
NEO-K ' .. [Gr.] A pain in the nerves;
NEC-EAL'GY, ) nerve-ache ; tic douloureux of the
French.
NEO-EA : bo neuralgia.
NEO-EOL'O-GlST, 71. One who treats of the nerves
of animals.
. ; ( >L'O-GY, n. The doctrine of the nerves ; a
dissertation on the nervous system.
NEC-E6T'I, a. Eclated to or seated in the nerves;
useful for the nerves.
NEG-EOT'O-MY, n. Dissection of the nerves.
NEU'TEE (nu'ter), a. Not adhering to either party ;
in grammar, of neither gender ; as applied to
verbs, expressing an action or state limited to the
subject and not extending to an object, as I go ;
the better form is intrai-.
NEC'TEAL (nu'tral), a. Not of either party; in-
different ; 71. a person or nation that takes no
part in a contest between others.
NEO-TRAL'I-TY, n. A state of being neutral.
NEO-TEAL-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of rendering
neuter ; state of neutrality.
NEOTEAL-1ZE, v, t. To render neutral ; to de
stroy or render inert the peculiar properties of a
body ; to destroy the peculiar opposite
tions or parties, &c., and reduce them to
of indifference.
NEC'TEAL-lZED, a. Eeduced to a neutrality or
indifference.
NEC'TEAL-IZ-EE, ti. That which neutralizes.
NEC'TEAL-IZ-ING, a. Destroying or rendering
inert the properties of a substance ; reducing to
indifference or inactivity.
NEC'TEAL-LY, ad. Without taking sides.
; :E, ad At no time ; in no de
NEV-EE-THE-LESS', ad. Literally, "not the
less," as "he did his duty nevertheless," t. e., with
no less of activity on account of the thing referred
to. It is stronger than notwithstanding.
NEWT (note), n. A small lizard or eft.
NEW-TG'M-AX, n. A follower of Newton in phi-
losophy; a. pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or
formed or proceeding from him.
NEXT, a. superlative of NIGH. Nearest in place,
time, rank, quality, right, or relation.
NKXT, ad. At the time or turn nearest.
N 1 B, 71. A point, as of a pen ; the end of a beak.
NlB, v. t. To make or cut a nib.
NlB'HLE, n. A little bite, or seizing to bite.
NlB'BLE, v. t. To bite by little at a time, as to
nibble the grass; v. i. to bite at; to carp at or
find fault with.
NlB'BLEE, n. One that bites a little at a time ; a
carper.
NlB'BLING, ppr. or a. Biting in small bits ; carp-
ing ; n. act of nibbling or carping.
NICE, a. Delicate; exact; requiring scrupulous
care. SYN. Pleasing. Nice implies a union of
delicacy and exactness. In uice food, cookery,
taste, &c., delicacy predominates ; in 7iice discri-
mination, management, workmanship, a nice point
to manage, &c., exactness predominates. Of late,
a new sense has been introduced which excludes
both, viz., pleasing, as a nice girl, a nice party, a
nice excursion, &c. We even hear it used for
"beautiful, as a 7iice morning, a 7iice day, &c.
NlCE'LY, ad. In a delicate manner; accurately;
minutely ; exactly.
NI-CENE', a. Pertaining to Nice, a town of Asia
Minor, where the A'icene Creed was formed in A.D.
325.
NICE'NESS, n. Delicacy of perception; excessive
scrupulousness; accuracy; exactness.
NI'CE-TY, n. Exact care ; accuracy ; exactness ;
fastidiousness; in the pi., niceties, delicacies for
food ; dainties.
NICHE (nltch), n. A hollow for a statue; a small
recess in the side of a wall.
NICK, n. In Northern mythology, an evil spirit of
the waters ; hence, Old .Nicfc, the devil.
, TV. A notch ; score ; exact point of time.
NlCK, v.t. To cut or make in notches; to per-
form by trick at a lucky moment; to cut i:.to u
horse's tail to make him carry it higher.
NlCK'EL, n. A hard malleable metal of white or
reddish-white colour.
NlCK'ING, n. An operation performed on the tail
of a horse.
NlCK'-NACKS, n. pi. Small wares; baubles;
trifles ; knick-knacks.
! NlCK'-N AME, n. A name given in contempt ; v. t.
NEW (nu), a. The leading idea is recent in origin j to give a name in contempt,
or production, as a neoo book in discovery, as a | NI-6-O-LA I-TANS, n. pi. An early sect charged
with licentiousness.
Nl-eOTIAN (ne-kf/shan), a.
new metal in commencement, as the new year
in change, as the neiu moon, &c. ; fresh, as with
neu'life; not ancient or old. SYN. Late; mo-
dern ; unaccustomed ; unfamiliar ; novel, which
The upright post in a stair-
Newly formed;
o. That has
NEWEL (nu'cl), n.
case.
NEW-FANG'GLED (-fang-gld), a.
novel.
NEW-FASHTONED (-f&sh'und),
lately come into fashion.
isH, a. Somewhat new.
NEWLY (mYly), ; lately ; recently ;
with a new form ; different from ti
a new form to.
of being iir.st known or introduced; i
SYS. Freshness ; recentness ; novelty ; innova-
tion.
Denoting tobacco.
Ni-6'O-TlNE, n. An alcoloid of a highly poisonous
nature obtained from tobacco.
Nl'TATE, v. i. To wink.
N I-TA'TIO_N' , n. The act of winking.
NlD'I-FI-ATE, v. t. To make a nest.
NID-I-FI-A'TION, n. The act of forming a nest
and batching and feeding the young.
NID-O-LA T10N, n. The time of remaining in the
nest.
: S, n. A nest for esgs, as of insects, &c.
(ueecej, n. Ihe daughter of a brother or
N I-EL'LO, n. A kind of fancy ornament resembl-
ing damask -work, made i . a black com-
position into hollows of wood or ni'
NIG'GAED, n. A miser; a stingy person, who
saves every half-penny and spends grudgingly.
NIG
300
NOD
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CAKE, FAR, LAST,
NlG'GAED, ") a. Sordidly mean or parsimoni-
NlG'GAED-LY, J ous. SYN. Covetous ; sparing ;
wary ; sordid ; miserly ; penurious ; avaricious.
NlG'GAED-LI-NESS, n. Mean covetousness.
NIGH (nl), a. Not distant; close in relationship,
fellowship, progress, or condition. SYN. Near;
close; adjacent; contiguous.
NIGH (nl), ad. At a small distance of place, time,
&c. ; almost.
NIGH'NESS, n. Nearness of situation.
NIGHT (nlte), . The time when the sun is be-
neath the horizon ; a state of ignorance ; adver-
sity ; obscurity.
NIGHT'-BEAWL-EE, n. One who quarrels or
excites a tiiinult by night.
NlGHT'AP, n. A cap worn in bed or at night.
NIGHT'-DEW (nite'du), n. Dew formed in the
night.
NIGHT'-FALL, n. Evening; close of the day.
NIGHT'-FIEE, n. Fire by night ; the ignis fatuus.
NIGHT'-GOWN, n. A loose gown ; an undress.
NlGHT'-HAWK, n. A night bird which makes a
peculiar "sound in darting down to secure its
NlGHT'IN-GALE, n. A small bird that sings at
night, celebrated for the sweetness of its notes ;
Philomel.
NIGHT'LY, a. Done by night ; done or happening
in the night ; ad. every-night ; in the night.
NIGHT'MAN, n. One who removes filth from
cities in the night.
NIGHT'-MAEK, n. A distressing sensation, as of
a weight on the breast, during sleep ; incubus.
NIGHTSHADE, n. A poisonous plant bearing a
bell-shaped flower and berries ; belladonna.
NlGHT'SOIL, n. The contents of privies, as re-
moved by night.
MGHT'-VlS'ION (-vlzh'un), n. A vision at night.
NIGHT'-WALK-EE (-wauk-er), . A stroller at
night ; one who walks in his sleep.
NIGHT'-WATCH (mte'-woch), n. A guard at night ;
a period in the night. Night watches, in the
Psalms, the night, or time of sleep in general.
NI-GRES'CENT, a. Becoming black.
Nl-HlL'I-TY } n - No** 111 ? 11683 J non-existence.
NlLL, v. i. To be unwilling ; nilly-willy, unwilling
or willing.
NI-LOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument for measuring
the rise of the Nile during a flood.
NlM'BLE, a. Moving with celerity or ease SYN.
Brisk; quick; active; prompt; agile; expert.
NlM'BLE-NESS, n. Lightness and swiftness in
motion.
NiM'BLY, ad. With brisk and light motion.
NlM'BUS, n. A circle of rays around the heads of
saints, &c., on medals ; the rain-cloud.
NlN'-tOM-POOP, n. A corruption of non-compos, ;
a blockhead; a trifler.
NINE, a. Eight and one added ; a poeitical name
for the Muses.
NlNE'-PlNS, n. pi. A play with nine pins and a
bowl.
NINE'-SORE, a. Nine times twenty; one hun-
dred and eighty.
NlNE'TEEN, a. Nine and ten added.
NINETEENTH, a. Noting the number nineteen.
NINE'TI-ETH, a. The ordinal of ninety.
NlNE'TY, a. Nine times ten.
MNNYlHAM-MEE,}"- Af o1 ' ^ simpleton.
NINTH, a. The ordinal of nine.
NlP, v. t. To seize or close upon, so as to pinch or
cut off ; to blast, as a flower ; to bite ; to vex ;
n. a seizing or closing on so as to pinch or cut
off ; a blasting, as of plants ; a small quantity, as
of liquor.
NlP'PEll, n. A fore tooth ; one that nips.
NlP'PEES, 7i.pl. Small pincers.
NIP'PING, o. Noting the act of seizing, pinching,
or blasting.
NIPPING-LY, ad. Bitterly; severely; tartly.
FALL, WU.).I; TH^RE, TEKM ; MARINE, BtKD ; MOVB,
NlP'PLE, n. A teat; a dug; an orifice.
Nl'SAN, n. A Jewish month, answering to the
end of March and beginning of April.
NI'SIPRI'US [/,.] In low, the name of certain
courts for the trial of causes in the sveral
counties.
NlT, n. The egg of a louse or other small insect.
NI'TEE, n. Saltpetre; nitrate of potash, a mine-
ral salt, of great use in the arts, and the chief in-
gredient in gunpowder. [base.
NI'TEATE, n. A salt formed of nitric acid and a
Nl'TEI-6, a. Impregnated with nitric acid.
NI'TEI-F?, v. i. To form into nitre.
NI'TEITE, a. A salt formed by the combination
of nitrous acid with a base.
NI'TEO-GEN, n. An element of nitric acid ; a
substance which, with oxygen, constitutes the
atmosphere ; azote.
NI-TEOG'E-NOUS, o. Producing nitre.
Nl'TEO-MU-RI-AT'K!, a. Noting an acid com-
posed of nitric and muriatic acids.
NI'TEOUS, a. Pertaining to nitre ; like nitre.
NI'TEOUS OX'ID, n. A gas formed by equal parts
of oxytren and nitrogen, called, from its effects,
laughing or exhilarating gas.
Nl'TEY, a. Like nitre or pertaining to it.
NITTY, a. Abounding with nits.
N 1 V'E-OUS, a. Like snow or partaking of its qua-
lities.
NI'ZAM, n. A native Sovereign of India.
NO, ad. A word of denial or refusal. "When re-
peated it expresses negation with emphasis.
NO, a. Not any; none; not one.
NO-A'-GHI-AN, a. Pertaining to Noah or his time.
NO-BIL'I-TATE, u. t. To ennoble.
NO-BlL'I-TY, 7i. Dignity of mind ; antiquity or
distinction of family or rank ; nobles.
NO'BLE, a. Dignified in mind or in rank; hik
in excellence or worth ; of an ancient family ; dis-
tinguished for splendour or for liberality ; of a
disposition ready to receive truth, &c. ; of the
best kind. SYN. Exalted ; e'evated ; illustrious ;
honourable; free ; generous ; ingenuous.
NO'BLE, n. A person of elevated rank; an old
English gold coin which was worth six shillings
and eightpence.
NO'BLE-MAN, 71. A man of rank or birth.
NO'BLE-NESS, n. Greatness of mind ; high rank ;
distinction by birth ; magnanimity.
NO-BLESSE', n. The nobility ; the body of nobles
collectively.
NO'BLY, ad. With dignity; with greatness of
soul ; splendour or magnilicence. SYN. Illustri-
ously ; honourably ; heroically ; worthily ;
grandly : splendidly.
NO'BOD-Y, n. Not any person ; no one.
NO'CENT, a. Hurtful; mischievous; doing hurt.
NO-G-TAM-BU-LA'TION, n. Sleep-walking.
NO-TAM'BU-LIST, n. One who walks in sleep.
NO-TIL'0-OUS, a. Shining in the night.
NO-T1V'A-GANT, a. Wandering in the night.
XOTUBN, n. An office of devotion by night;
part of the matins.
NO-TCE'NAL, a. Nightly; done at night; done
or being every night ; pertaining to night.
NO-e'C-OUS, a. Injurious ; hurtuil.
NOD, v. i. To bow the head ; bend or incline with
a quick motion ; to be drowsy ; to beckon with a
nod. [by a nod.
NOD, v. t. To incline or bend ; to shake ; to signify
NOD, n. A quick inclination of the head ; a slight
obeisance ; a command.
NO'DAL, a. Belonging to a node, as the nodoi
point.
NO'DA-TED, a. Knotted.
NOD'DEE, n. One who nods or makes signs with
the head ; a drowsy person.
NOD'DLE, n. The head, in contempt.
NOD'DY, 71. A simpleton ; a fowl easily i nken.
NODE, n. A knot ; a swelling in tendons or bones ;
point where the orbit of a planet intersects the
ecliptic.
NOD
301
NOST
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK ;
NO-DOSE', > a. Knotty; full of knots; having
NO'DOUS, f knots or swelling joints.
NO-DOS'I-TY, n. Knottiness; a calcareous con-
cretion found in joints.
NOD'tT-LAE, a. Being in the form of a knot.
NOD'CLE (nod'yule), n. A small knot or lump of
stone, formed round some nucleus.
NOG'GIN, n. A small wooden mug or cup.
NOG'GIN G, n. Brickwork between scantlings.
NOISE (noiz), n. Sound of any kind ; loud, con-
tinued, or frequent talk. STN. Cry ; clamour ;
din ; clatter ; outcry ; tumult ; uproar.
NOISE, v. t. To sound aloud.
NOISE, v. t. To spread by rumour or report.
NOISE'LESS, o. Making no noise ; silent.
NOI'SI-LY, ad. With noise or clamour.
NOI'SI-NESS, 71. State of being noisy; loudness
of sound; clamour.
NOI'SOME (uoi'sum), a. Injurious to health ;
offensive to the smell or other senses. SYN.
Noxious. A thing which is noxious inflicts evil
directly, as a noxious plant, noxious practices, <tc. ;
a thing which is noisome operates with a remoter
influence, as noisome vapours, a noisome pesti-
lence, &c., and has the additional sense of dis-
NOrSOME-LY (noi'sum-ly;, ad. Offensively; with
ill odour.
NOI'SOME-NESS, n. Offensiveness to the smell ;
Snality that disgusts.
I'SY, a. Clamorous; turbulent; loud.
NO'LENS rO'LENS [L.] Unwilling or willing.
NOL'LE PROS'E-QUI [L.] In low, a formal stop-
page of proceedings in a suit by a plaintiff, &c.
NO'MAD, n. One who leads a wandering life and
subsists by tending herds of cattle.
NO-MAD'I-6, o. Pastoral; wandering for pastur-
age.
NO'MAD-I$M, n. The state of a nomad.
NO'MAD-IZE, u. i. To wander for pasturage.
NOM'BLES (num'blz), n. pi. Entrails of a deer.
NOM DE GUERRE (horn de gar). [Fr.] A ficti-
tious name, assumed for a time.
NO'MEN-CJLA-TOR, n. In modern usage, one who
gives names to things.
NO'MEN-eLA-TUEE, n. The names or system of
terms appropriated to any art or science ; a voca-
bulary.
NO/MI- AL, n. A single term in mathematics.
NOM'I-NAL, a. Existing in name only.
N'uM'I-NAL-IST, n. One of a school of philoso-
phers who maintained that terms used for genera
and species are but mere names for the resem-
blances or evidences of things, not of things
Ives.
NoM'I-NAL-LY, ad. In name only ; not in fact.
NOMT-NATE, p. t. To name; to propose; to ap-
point ; to name for election.
N OM-I-NA'TION, n. Act or power of naming ; the
state of being nominated.
NOM'I-NA-TlVE, a. In grammar, pertaining to
the name which precedes a verb, or the first case
of nouns.
NOM'I-NA-TlVE, n. The first case in grammar.
NOM'I-NA-TOE, n. One who names or nominates.
NOM-I-NEE', n. One named or designated.
NO-MOG'EA-PHY, n. A treatise on law*.
NON, in composition, signifies not.
NON'AGE, n. Minority ; the time of life before a
person becomes of age.
NON-A-(jEN-A'RI-AN, n. One ninety years old.
NON-A-GES'I-MAL, a. Ninetieth; not;
highest point of the ecliptic above the horizon.
NON-AT-TEND'ANCE, n. Omission of attendance.
NONCE, n. Occasion ; this once.
NON-CHA-LANCE' (non-sha-lance'), . [Fr.] In-
difference ; coolness.
NON-eOM-MlS'SIONED, a. Not having a com-
mission ; noting officers in the army below en-
sign or cornet, and in the navy, below lieutenant.
NON-OM-M1T'TAL, a. Not pledged to any course,
, BT:LL ; vl"ciou3. as K ; G as J ; 8 as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
NON-OM-MIT'TAL, n. A state of not being com-
mitted or pledged.
NON-eOM-MON'ION, n. Neglect of communion.
NON-COM-PLI'ANCE, n. Neglect of compliance.
NON COM'POS, or ._ l rr1 Uusoundinmind .
-,NON COM'PoNEN'TIS,
NON-eON-etTE'EENCE, n. A refusal to concur.
NON-ON-DpT'OE, n. A substance that does
not transmit another substance or fluid, as heat
or electricity.
NON~ON-FOEM'ING, o. Not joining in the es-
tablished religion.
NON-'ON-FOEM'IST, n. One who does not con-
form to the worship of the established church.
N ON-ON-FOEM'I-TY, n. A refusal to conform.
NON-ON-TA'GIOUS, a. Not contagious.
NON'ON-TENT, n. In the House of Lords, one
who gives a negative vote ; abridged to non. con.
NON'DE-SGEIPT, a. That has not been described ;
n. any thing which has not been described or diffi-
cult to be described.
NONE (nun), a. It is sometimes used as a substi-
tute, the noun being omitted, as seeking rest and
finding rtone ; not one ; not any.
NON-E-LET', n. One not elected.
NON-E-LE'TEI, a. Conducting electricity.
NOX-KNTI-TY, n. Non-existence ; a thing not
existing.
NONES (nonz), n. pi. In Rome, the seventh of
March, May, July, and October, and the futh of
the other months. The nones were nine days
from the ides.
NON-ES-SEN'TIAL. a. That which is not essen-
tial.
vav EST IN-VEN'TUS, [L.] He is not found.
NONE SUCH, n. That which has not its equal.
NON-EX-IST'E N CE, n. Absence of existence.
NON-EX-PORT-TA'TION, n. Failure of exporta-
tion ; a not exporting goods.
NON-FUL-FlL'MENT, n. Neglect or failure to
fulfil.
NO-NlLL'ION (-nil'yun), n. Nine million millions ;
a unit followed by 54 ciphers in Britain and by 30
in France.
NOX-IM-POE-TA'TION, n. Failure of importa-
tion.
N ON- JC'EOE, n. One who refused to swear allegi-
ance to the crown of En-land on the abdication
'of James II.
NON Ll'QUET. [Z.] It is not clear ; a phrase
used when one votes on either side of a question,
because undecided.
NON-OB-SEBV'ANCE, n. Neglect of observance.
NON-PA-REIL' (non-pa-rel'), n. A small printing
type ; a kind of apple ; unequalled excellence ; a,
having no equal ; peerless.
NON-PAY'MENT,n. Neglect of payment.
NON'PLUS, n. Puzzle ; insuperable difficulty.
NOVPLUS, v. t. To puzzle; to put to a stand; to
stop by embarrassment.
NON-PEO-DOTION, n. Failure to produce.
NON-KES'I-DENCE, . Failure or neglect of re-
siding at the place where one is stationed, or
where official duties require one to reside.
NON-EES'I-DENT, a. Not residing in a place ; n.
one who does not reside on his estate or with his
charge.
NON-EE-SlST'ANCE, n. Pri^ive submission.
NON-EE-SlSTANT, a. Maki;. .nee to
power or oppression ; 7!. oiie who maintains that
no resistance should be made to injuries inflicted.
NON'SENSE, n. Words without meaning ^absur-
dity ; trifles of no importance.
NON-SfiN'SI-GAL, a. Unm. amng ; foolish.
NON-SEN'SI-AL-1 Y. nd. Without meaning
NON-SEN'SI-AL-NESS. n. Jargon; absurdity.
NON-SEN'SI-TiVE, a. Wanting conception.
NON-SEQUI-TUB (-sek'wc-tm-j. [L.J It does not
follow ; iii logic, an inference not following from
premises.
NON'SUIT, 11. Non-appearance of a plaintiff in
court when called.
NON
302
NOT
i, fi, &c., long. I, , <fcc., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
NON'StTlT, v. t. To adjudge that a plaintiff drop
his suit.
NON-US'ER (-yoo'zer), n. Neglect of use or per-
formance ; neglect of official duty.
NOO'DLE, n. A simpleton. [Vulgar.]
NQQK, n. A corner ; a narrow place.
NOON, n. The middle of the day; meridian;
twelve o'clock.
NOON'DAY, ^n. Midday; the time of noon;
NOON'TI D E, / twelve o'clock.
NOON'DAY, 7 a. Pertaining to the noon; mcri
NOONTIDE, J dional.
NOON'IN G, n. Repose in the middle of the day.
NOOSE (nooz), n. A running knot, which binds
the closer the more it is drawn.
NOOSE (nooz). v. t. To catch in a noose ; to in-
snare; to tie in a noose.
NOTAL, n. Indian fig; a plant from which cochi-
neal is collected. [gative.
NOB (20), con. A word that denies or renders ne-
NOB/MAL, a. Literally, according to a square
(norma) or rule ; hence, according to rule ; ac-
cording to established principles ; regular ; per-
pendicular. A normal school is one where in-
struction is given in the art of teaching. SYN.
Regular ; ordinary. Regular and ordinary are
popular terms of well-known signification ; nor-
mal has now a more specific sense, arising out of
its use in science. A thing is normal, or in its
normal state, when strictly conformed to those
Srinciples of its constitution which make it what
; is. It is abnormal when it departs from those
principles.
NOR'MAN, n. A native of Normandy.
NOB/MAN, a. Pertaining to Normandy or the
Normans.
NORNS, n. pi. In Scandinavian mythology, the three
fates, past, present, and future, whose decrees were
irrevocable.
NOR'ROY, n. The title of the third of the kings
at arms, or provincial heralds.
NORSE, n. A name for the language of ancient
Scandinavia.
NOBTH, n. The point opposite the south.
NORTH, a. Being in the north.
NORTH-EAST', n. The point between the north
and east.
NOBTH-EAST', a. Pertaining to north-east.
NORTH-EAST'ER-LY, o. Toward or from the
north-east quarter.
NORTH-EAST'EBN, a. Pertaining to the north-
east ; being in, or in the direction of the north-
east.
NOBTH'ER, n. A violent tempest from the north.
NORTH'ER-LY, a. Being toward the north ; from
the north ; ad. in a northerly direction.
NORTH'ERN, a. Being in or near the north ; in a
direction toward the north.
NORTH'ERN-EI*, n. A resident in the north.
NORTHING, n. Course or distance north, mea-
sured on a meridian.
NORTH'MAN, n. ; pi. NORTH'MEN. A name of an-
cient Scandinavians; hence Normans.
NOBTH'-STAR, n. The north polar star.
NORTH'WARD, a. Teing toward the north; ad. in
a northern direction.
NORTH-WEST', n. The point equidistant between
the north and west.
NORTH-WEST', a. Being in the north-west ; pro-
ceeding from the north-west.
NORTH- WST'ER-LY, a. Toward or from the
north-west.
NORTH- WESTERN, a. Pertaining to or being
in, or in a direction to the north-west.
NORTH' WIND, n. Wind that blows from the
north.
NOR-W'Gl-AN, a. Properly Norweyan; belong-
ing to or produced in Norway ; n. a native of Nor-
way ; a Norman.
NO$E (noze), n. The prominent part of the face,
constituting the organ of smell ; the end of any
thing, as the nose of a bellows ; scent ; sagacity.
FALL, WHAT; THflRE, TBRM ; MARINE, Bf RD ; MOVE,
| NOSE, v. t. To smell ; to scent ; to oppose to the
' face ; to lead blindly.
NOSE'-BLEED, n. A bleeding of the nose.
; NOSE'GAY, n. A bunch of flowers ; a bouquet.
NOS'LE (noz'zl), n. A little nose. See NOZZLE.
NOS-O-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to nosology.
NO-SOL'O-GIST, n. One that classifies diseases.
NO-$OL'0-CrY, n. Systematic arrangement or
classification of diseases, with namos and defini-
tions, or the science which treats of it.
NOS-TAL'GIA, n. Home-sickness.
NOS-TAL'GK), o. Relating to nostu
NOSTRIL, n. A passage through the nose by
which the air is inhaled and exhaled
NOSTRUM, n. A medicine the ingredients of
which are kept secret.
NOT, ad. A word of negation or denial.
N&TA BE'NE [L.] Take particular notice.
NO'TA-BLE, a. Worthy of notice; conspicuous;
memorable.
NOT'A-BLE, a. Active; industrious; distinguished
for good management. [Colloquial.]
NO'TA-BLE-NESS, n. Remarkableness.
NOTA-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of industry or
smartness.
NOTA-BLY, ad. In a memorable manner.
NOT'A-BLY, ad. With bustling activity.
NO-TA'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a notary ; done or
taken by a notary.
NO'TA-RY, n. An officer who attests contracts,
called also notary public.
NO-TA'TION, n. The act of noting or recording by
marks, figures, or characters.
NOTCH, n. A cut or nick ; an opening or narrow
passage through a mountain or hilL
NOTCH, v. t. To cut a hollow in.
NOTE, n. A mark; token; short writing ; sound
in music ; comment ; obligation without seal ;
minute or memorandum ; reputation ; abbrevia-
tion or notation. N OTES, pi., a written discourse ;
a writing.
NOTE, v. t To set down; to notice with parti-
cular care; to state the fact of a protest on a
note refused acceptance. SYN. To mark ; re-
mark ; regard ; heed ; observe ; attend ; record ;
register.
NOTE'-BQQK, 7i. A book in which memorandums
or notes are entered.
NOT'ED, a. Much known by reputation or report.
SYN. Distinguished; celebrated; remarkable;
eminent ; illustrious ; conspicuous ; famous ;
notorious.
NOT'E L)-LY, ad. With observation or notice.
NOT'ED-NESS, n. The quality of conspicuousness ;
celebrity. [tator.
NOTER, n. One who takes notes; an anno-
NOTE'WOR-THY, a. Deserving of observation.
NOTHING (nuth'ingj, n. Not any thing; nonen-
tity; no other thing; no part or portion ; no pos-
session of estate ; a trifle.
NOTH'ING, ad. In no degree ; not at all.
NOTH'ING-NESS (nuth'-), n. Non-existence; no
value.
NOTICE, n. Observation by the eye or other
senses ; observation by the mind ; knowledge
given or received; a paper that communicates
information ; respectful treatment ; something
said on a particular subject. SYN. Attention;
remark ; regard ; note ; heed ; consideration ;
respect; intelligence; information; advice; news.
NOTICE, v. t. To observe by the senses ; to pay
attention to ; to make observations on ; to treat
with civilities, &c.; to observe intellectually.
SYN. To mind ; regard ; perceive ; see ; heed.
NO'TICE-A-BLE, a. That may be observed, or that
is worthy of observation.
NO-TI-FI-GA'TION, n. Act of giving notice ; notice
given ; the writing which communicates informa-
tion ; advertisement ; citation.
NOTI-FY, v. t. To inform; to make known to;
to publish; to give information of.
NOT'ING, n. The making of a memorandum ; the
NOT
303
DOVE, WOLF, COOK; RULE, m.'LL ; Vl"CIOUS
act of a notary in certifying that a note has not
been duly paid.
NOTION, n. Conception; sentiment; opinion
sense ; understanding ; inclination
NOTION-AL, a. 1. Mea only ; dealing in
iuary things. SYN. Imaginary ; ideal ;
visionary ; whimsical ; i'auciful.
NOTION-AL-LY, ad. In notion ; with fancy.
NO-TO-El'E-TY, n. Public knowledge, or exposure
to it ; publicity.
NO-TO'EI-OUS, a. Publicly known ; manifest to
the world; usually, as known to disadvantage.
SYN. Distinguished; remarkable; famous; noted;
infamous ; celebrated, &c.
NO-TG'EI-OUS-LY, ad. In a manner to be known
or manifest. SYN. Publicly; openly; notedly;
infamously.
NO-To'EI-OUS-NESS, n. State of being publicly
known ; notoriety ; beyond denial.
NOT-WITH-STAND ING, ppr. This word is strictly
the present participle of withstand, qualified by
not, as " not withstanding his opposition, I will do
it." Here the participle is in the case absolute
with the phrase "his opposition." So in the
phrase " I will do it, notwithstanding," the parti-
ticiple agrees with the thing referred to. It may
be convenient to consider notwithstanding as
a preposition in the former case and a con-
junction in the latter, but it is truly a participle
in both.
NOUGHT. See NAUGHT.
NOUN, n. A name; that by which a thing is
called.
NOUE'ISH (nur'ish), v. t. To support with food;
to cause to grow. See NURTURE.
NOUE'ISH-ER (nur'ish-), n. He or that which
nourishes.
NOOE'ISH-MENT (nur'ish-), n. Act of nourish-
ing ; that which serves to promote growth or
repair waste in animals, plants, or in attainments.
SYN. Nutrition ; food; sustenance ; nutriment ;
aliment ; support.
NOVEL (nov'elj, a. Out of the common course ;
unexpected; strange. SYN. New. Every tiling
at its first occurrence is new; a thing is novel
when it is so much out of the ordinary course ot
things as to strike us with surprise. We have
daily new inventions, but a novel one supposes
some very peculiar means of attaining its end.
Novel theories are regarded with distrust, as likely
to prove more ingenious than sound.
NOVEL, n. A fictitious tale in prose.
NOVEL-ETTE, n. A small or brief novel.
NOVEL-IST, n. A writer of novels ; an innovator ;
erter of novelty.
NOVEL-TY, n. Eecentness of origin ; something
new or strange ; newness.
NO-VM'BEE, n. The eleventh month of the
year.
NO'VEN-A-EY, o. Pertaining to the nuinbei
nine.
X'NI-AL, a. Occurring every ninth year.
NO-VEE'AL, o. Pertaining to a step-mo
NOVICE (nov'is), n. A beginner; one unskilled;
one who has entered a convent or nunnery, but
not taken the vow ; one newly converted to Chris-
tianity.
NO-V1"TIATE i-v*sh'ate), n. State of learning
rudiments; the time of probation for a novice;
one who is going through a period of probation ;
a novice.
KOW, ad. At this time ; very lately; now and then,
occasionally ; n. the present time.
NOW'A-DAYS, ad. In the present age or time.
V A/ T XT A V* ")
ad ' ^ no manner or dc '
NO'WHEEE (12) (no'whare), ad. Not in any place
or state.
NO WISE, ad. Not in any manner.
NOX'IOUS (nSk'shus), a. Productive of injury or
evil consequences. SYN. Hurtful; injurious;
baneful; noisome, which see.
, -c as K ; 6 as J ; t as z ; cii as SH ; THIS.
NOX'IOUS-LY (nok'shns-), ad. Inahnrtf
ner: hurtfully ; perniciously.
NOX'IO US-NESS (uok'shus-), n. The quali
injures, impairs, corrupts, or destroys.
Banefulness; corruptness; hurtfulness;
brity ; crimi
NO'YAU (no'yo), n. A rich cordial, so
flavoured with the nut of the bitter almond.
NOZ'ZLE (ntfz'zl), n. A nose; snout; point
M N, n. An imperfect ear of maize.
XL 'BILE, a. Marriageable; of an age suitable f<.; r
marr'
NC'BIL-OUS, a. Cloudy; overcast; gloomy.
NU-CIF'EE-OUS, a. Bearing or producing nuts.
NC'-GLE-ATE, v. i. To gather round a nucleus.
NU--6LE I-FOEM, a. Formed like a nut.
NU'LE-US, n. , pi. NC'-euj-i. A body about which
any thing is collected; the body or haci of a
comet ; the kernel of a nut.
NU-DA'TION, n. The act of making bare.
NCDE, a. Made or being bare ; naked j of no
force.
NUDGE, n. A gentle touch, as with the elbow;
v, t. to give such a touch.
NU'DI-TY, n. The state of being naked ; naked-
ness ; pi. naked parts ; in the fine arts, figures un-
draped.
NU-GAC'I-TY (-gas'e-ty), n. Futility; trifli
or behaviour.
NU'GA-TO-EY, a. Of no force; futile; i--
cant.
NCG'GET, n. A lump of metal or ore, as ^
of gold. [This, according to Trench, is a
of the old word nigot, which was simply an .
sion of ingot.]
NUI'SANCE (nu'sance), n. That which an:i
is offensive ; something that inconveniences.
NCLL, a. Void ; of no binding force.
NUL-LI-FI-GA'TION, n. The act of nullifying ; .-t
rendering void or of no legal effect.
NUL'LI-FI-EB, n. One who makes void ; one wfc,>
maintains the right to nullify a contract by one ( f
the parties.
XCL'LI-FY, c. t. To annul ; to make void ; to ren-
der invalid ; to deprive of legal force or efiicacy.
See ABOLISH.
NCL'LI-TY, n. Nothingness; want of existence;
want of force and efficacy.
NOME (num) , a. Destitute of the power of sensa-
tion or motion ; producing numbness. SYN. Tor-
pid ; paralyzed ; benumbed ; chill ; motionless.
NC'MB (nivm), v. t. To deprive of the power of
feeling ; to make torpid. SYN. To deaden ; stu-
pefy; benumb; paralyze; chill.
NCM'BEE, n. Unit or an assemblage of units ;
measure ; poetry ; verse ; more than one ; many ;
multitude ; in grammar, the difference of termina-
tion.
CM'BER, . t. To ascertain the units of any sum,
collection, &c. ; to reckon as one of a collection
or multitude. SYN. To count ; tell; enumerate;
calculate.
-EE-EE, n. Onewhoenumer
NCM'BEE-LESS, a. That can not be counted.
NCM'BEE?, n. pi. Fourth book of the Pentateuch.
NGMB'NESS (numb'ness), n. Torpidness; torpor.
NC'MEE-A-BLE, a. That may be numbered.
NUTHEE-AL, a. Eelating to mimber ; expressing
number ; n. a figure or character used to c:
a number, as the Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3, &c.
NU'MEE-AL-LY, ad. According to number; iu
number.
NC'MEE-A-EY, a. Belonging to a certain number.
:-ATE, v. t. To count or reckon in num-
'-ATION, n. Act or art of numberi
arithmetic, the act or art of dividing off a series of
figures, according to their values, and expr.
these in words.
STC'MEE-A-TOE, n. One who numbers ; a number
that shows how many parts are taken; the num-
ber above the line in fractions.
NUM
304
OAT
1, , &c., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
NU-MER'IG, \a. Consisting of number; de
NU-MER'I-AL, j notinar number.
NU-MEE'I-AL-LY, ad. In numbers.
NO'MER-OUS, a. Containing many; musical;
consisting of poetic numbers.
NO'MEE-OUS-LY, ad. In or with great numbers.
NU-MI$-MAT'I, a. Pertaining to coins, money
or medals.
NU-MIS-MAT'IS, n. pi. The science of coins or
medals.
NU-MIS-MA-TOL'0-GIST, n. Ono who is versed
in the knowledge of coins and medals.
NU-MIS-MA-TOL'O-GY, n. The branch of science
which treats of coins and medals.
NM''M A-"EY Rj } a- Pertaining to coin or money.
NOM'MU-LITE, n. Fossil remains of a many-
chambered shell, of a flattened form, resembling
coin.
NUiYl'SKULL, n. A dunce ; a blockhead.
N0N, n. A female who lives in a cloister, under a
vow of perpetual chastity.
NCN'ClO (ntin'sho), n. An ambassador of the pope
to some prince or state.
NUN-'U-PA'TION, n. A naming.
NUN-CO'PA-TIVE, \a. Nominal; verbal; not
N UN-eO'PA-TO-BY, ) written ; publicly declara-
tory.
NON'DI-NAL, o. Pertaining to a fair or market-
day.
NlIN'NEE-Y, a. A cloister for females; a house in
which nuns reside. See CLOISTER.
NOP'TIAL (nup'shal), a. Pertaining to marriage ;
constituting marriage ; done at a wedding.
NtTP'TIALS, n. pi. Marriage.
MJESE, n. One who tends a child or the sick ; a
woman that suckles infants; at nurse, with a
nurse.
NOiirfE, t>. t. To bring up or tend a child; to
feed; to nourish at the breast; to cherish; to
encourage ; to manage with economy.
NOES'EE-Y, n. A room for children ; a plantation
of young trees ; the place where any thing is fos-
tered and growth promoted ; that which forms
and educates.
NtfES'LING, n. An infant ; ne that is nursed.
NCET'OEE (nurt'yur), v. t. To bring up with care
in respect to food, culture, education, &c. SYN.
To nourish, cherish. Nourish denotes to supply
with food or cause to grow, as to nourish a plant,
to nourish rebellion. To nurture is to train up
with a fostering care, like that of a mother, as to
nurture into strength, to nurture in sound princi-
ples ; to cherish is to hold and treat as dear (Fr.
cherir), as to cherish hopes or affections.
NtJRT'OEE, n. That which nurtures.
NOT, n. A fruit consisting of a shell and kernel ;
a projection near the eye of an anchor; a small
block of metal or wood containing a concave
screw.
NOT, v. i. To gather nuts. [ward
NO'TANT, o. Nodding ; having the top bent down-
NU-TA'TION, n. In astronomy, an apparent vibra-
tory motion of the earth's axis.
NtfT-HEOWN, a. Brown like a ripe nut.
NtfT y -!EACK-EE, n. An instrument to crack
nuts ; a European bird.
NDT'-GALL, n. An excrescence of the oak.
NOT'-HOOK, n. A pole with a hook at the end for
gathering nuts.
NtPFMEG, n. The fruit of a tr^e of the East
Indies, aromatic and much used in t ookery.
NO'TKI-A, n. The commercial name of skins of a
species of water-rat of the uze and colour of the
otter.
NtJ'TEI-ENT, n. Any substance which nourishe^
by promoting the growth or repairing the waste
of animal bodies.
NtJ'TEI-ENT, a. Nourishing -promoting growth.
NO'TKI-MENT, n. That wL h'liourishe ; or pro
motes improvement. - SYN. Aliment ; diet ; nou-
rishment ; food ; education ; ii structiou.
FALL, WHAT; TIlftRE, TfifiM ; MARINE, BtRDj MGVS,
NU-TEI-MENT'AL, a. Affording nourishment;
having thn qualities of food.
NU-TRI"TION (-trish'un), n. Act or process of
nourishing and promoting growth; that which
nourishes.
NU-TEi"TIOUS (-trish'us), a. Nourishing; pro
moting growth.
NU-TEFTIOUS LY, ad. So as to nourish.
NO'TEI-TIVE, a. Yielding nourishment; ali-
mental.
NU?il"TOM| NESS> } n - Q uaUtv of nourishing.
N Qr-SHELL, n. The hard cover of a nut.
N CT'TIN G, a. Gathering nuts.
NCT'TING, n. Act of gathering nuts.
NCT'-TREE, n. A tree that bears nuts, as the
walnut, &c.
NUX VOM'I-CA, n. The fruit of a tree in the East
Indies, a violent poison, used as a medicine ;
strychnine.
NtlZ ZLE, v. t. To lie snug; to nestle; v. t. to
work with the nose, like swine in the mud ; to
?ush with the nose.
6-TA-LO'PI-A, n. A disease in which the
vision is painfully acute in a strong light, but
clear and pleasant in the shade.
NYeT-AN'THES, n. pi Flowers that only bloom
for a night.
NYL'GHAU, n. A caprid ruminant of northern
India, about the size of a stag.
NYMPH (nlmf ), n. A goddess of the woods and
waters; a lady.
NYMPH, ~)n. A pupa ; chrysalis or aurclia of an
NYMPH'A,) insect.
iNYMPH-E'AN (nlmf-e'an), a. Pertaining to
nymphs ; inhabited by nymphs.
NYMPH'-LlKB, a. Eesembling nymphs.
NYMPH'LY, a. Eesemblinjr a nymph.
NYMPH-0-MA'NI-A, n. Morbid and immodest
desire of females ; a species of derangement.
0.
r\ is the fifteenth letter, and the fourth vowel in
^ English, and with a and u, forms a class called
the broad vowels. It has a long sound, as in
note, and a short sound, as in not, and the sound
of oo, as in more, shortened in words of close ar-
ticulation, as in book, foot.
is often used as an exclamation, expressing a
wish ; also surprise, wonder, &c.
0, before the name of a family in Irish, denotes
progeny or dignity, and is written with an apos-
trophe, O'.
OAF (6fe), n. A changeling; a foolish child; a
dolt.
OAF'ISH, a. Being dull; stupid ; doltish.
OAK (oke), n. A valuable tree or its wood.
OAK'-AP-PLE, n. An excrescence on oak leaves,
called also oak-leaf gall. [oak.
OAK'EN (6'kn), a. Made of oak; consisting of
OAK'LING, n A young oak.
OAK'-pPEN-ING, n. A term applied to openings
or thinly-wooded spaces in oak forests free of un-
derwood.
OAK ' UM, n. Old rope untwisted and picked.
JAK'Y, a. Possessing firmness ; hard ; strong.
OAE, n. An instrument to row boats.
3AE, v. i. To impel by rowing.
OAK, v. t. To row.
OA RS'M * IS inrzman), n. One who rows at the
oar ; a rower.
>A JV i , u ii.Lving the form or use of an oar.
O'A-SIS, n. ; pi. O'A-SES. A fertile watered place in
the sandy desert.
OAST, rv. A kiln to dry hops or malt.
_>AT (6te), n. A plant and its seed, usually in the
plural, oats.
)AT'-<JAKE, n, A cake made of oatmeal.
)AT'EN (6'tu), a. Pertaining to oats; made of
oatmeal, or of an oat straw.
OAT
305
OBL
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK ; RULE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS. -6 as K ; G 2.3 J ; 8 as Z ; ClI US SH ; SHIS.
OATH, n. ; pi. OATHS. A solemn affirmation, with
an appeal to God for its truth.
UAT'MALT, n. Malt made of oats.
OATMEAL, n. Meal of oats, produced by grinding
or pounding.
OB a prefix, usually signifies before, in front, or
against.
OB-BLI-GA'TO, a. [It.] Literally, bound or con-
fined ; a term in music signifying composed ex-
pressly for the instrument named.
OB-DO'KA-CY or OB'DU-RA-CY, n. Invincible i
subjective, to the operations of the mind itself.
Hence, an objective motive is some outward thing
awakening desire ; a subjective motive is some
internal feeling or propensity. Objecti r e views
are those which are governed by outward things ;
subjective views are produced or modified by in-
ternal feeling. Walter Scott's poetry is chiefly
objectire ; that of Wordsworth is eminently sub-
jective.
OB-JET'IVE-LY, ad. By way of objection j iu
the manner or state of an object.
I OB-JET'lYi
,") 71
Exceedingly i OB-JEG-TlV'I-TY, j jective.
The state of being ob-
hardness of heart.
OB-DO'EATE or OB'DU-EATE, a.
hard; cruel. SYN. Callous; hardened. Callous OB-JfiT'OE, n. One who objects or opposes.
denotes a deadening of the sensibilities, as a
callous conscience ; hardened implies a general
and settled disregard for the claims of interest,
duty, and sympathy, as hardened in vice ; obdu-
rate rises still higher (L. obduratus), and implies
an active resistance of the heart and will against
the pleadings of compassion and humanity.
" There is no flesh in man's obdurate heart."
OB-DtKRATE-LY or OB'DU-RATE-LY, ad. With
inflexible stubbornness.
OB-DU'EATE-N ESS or OB'DU-EATE-NESS, n.
Inflexible hardness ol heart ; persistent stubborn-
ness ; impenitence.
O'BE-AH, n. African witchcraft.
O-B'DI-ENCE, n. Compliance with a command
or rule of duty.
O-BE'DI-ENT, a. Submissive to authority; yield-
ing compliance with commands, &c. SYN. Duti-
ful; respectful; compliant; regardful; submis-
O-BE'DI-ENT-LY, ad. With submission to com-
mands.
O-BI'SANCE (o-be'sance or o-ba'sance), n. Act
of reverence ; a bow or courtesy.
O-BEI'SANT (-be'- or ba'-), a. Being reverent or
submissive.
OB-E-LlS'AL, a. Being in the form of an obe-
lisk.
OB'E-LISK, n. A four-sqiiare pillar, tapering as it
rises, and cut off at top in the form of a flat pyra-
mid; in writing and printing, a. mark of reference
to the margin, thus t-
OBIS-RON, ?<,. The king of the fairies.
O-BESE'NESS,) n. Incumbrance of flesh; fat-
0-HKS'I-TY, J ness ; grossness.
O-BEY' (o-ba'), v. t. To comply with, commands ;
to submit to the government or direction of ; to
yield to the impulse or operation of.
O-BEY'EE (-ba'-), n. One who obeys.
OB-FtTS'!ATE, r. t. To make dui'k ; to obscure.
OB-P US-A'T1ON, n. Act of obscuring ; a darken-
ing ; state of being darkened.
OB'IT, n. Death ; decease ; funeral solemnities ;
an annual service for the deceased.
OB'I-TER [L.] In passing ; incidentally.
O-BIT'C-AL, a. Pertaining to funeral solemnities
or days of their celebration.
O-BlT'C-A-RY, 11. A register of deaths or account
of the deceased ; a. relating to a deceased person.
OB'JET, . That on which we are employed;
something presented to the {senses ; in grammar,
that which follows the transitive verb. SYN.
Aim ; end ; design ; purpose ; subject.
OB-JE-GT', v. t. To oppose; to present in opposi-
tion ; to propose as a charge or against.
OB-JKT', r. i. To oppose in words and reasons.
OB-JE'TION, n. The act of opposing; adverse
reason; fault found. SYN. Exception; difficulty;
doubt: scruple.
OB-JEC'TION-A-BLE, a. Liable to objections.
OB-JET'1VE, n. The object-glass in a telescope,
microscope, &c., being the glass which receives
the imasre of the object at its focus.
OB-JET'1VE, a. Pertaining to or contained in
an object ; external to the mind. STN. Subjec-
tive. Objective is applied to things which are ex-
terior to the mind, and objects of its attention ;
OB-JCR'GATE, v. t. To chide ; to reprove.
OB-JUE-GA'TION, n. Act of chiding ; reproof.
OB-JGR'GA-TOE-Y, a. Containing censure ; chid-
ing.
OB-LATE', a. Flatted or depressed at the poles.
OB-LATE'MESS, n. Quality or state of being ob-
late.
OB-LATION, 11. An offering ; a sacrifice.
OB'LI-GATE, v. t. To bind by contract or duty.
OB-LI-GA'TION, n. The binding force of a vow,
promise, contract, law, civility, or duty ; any act
by which a person becomes bound to do or for-
bear something to or for another ; a bond.
OB-LI-GA'TO. See OBBLIGATO.
OB'LI-G A-TO-EY, a . Binding in law or conscience ;
coercive.
O-BLIGE', v. t. To constrain by necessity, force,
conscience, or honour, &c. ; to afford gratifica-
tion ; to bring under obligation ; to do a favour
to one. SYN. To compel ; bind ; force ; please ;
gratify.
OB- LI -GEE', n. One to whom a bond is ex-
ecuted.
O-BLlG'ING, a. Conferring or disposed to confer
favours. SYX. Kind ; complaisant. One is fcind
who desires to see others happy ; one is complai-
sant who endeavours to make them so in social
intercourse by attentions calculated to please;
one who is obliging performs some actual service,
or has the disposition to do so. We may be kind
without being obtrusive, obliging without being
officious, and complaisant without being servile.
0-BLlG'LNG-LY, ad. With civility; complais-
antly.
OB-LI-(jOE', n. One who binds himself or exe-
cutes a bond.
OB-LIQUE' (ob-like' or ob-leek'), a. Deviating
from a right line ; indirect ; not parallel ; in
E/mor, any case but tho nominative is an ob-
case.
QUE'LY (ob-like'ly or ob-leekly). ad. Not
' directly.
OB-LIQUE'NESS (ob-llke'uess ~) n. Deviation from
or ob-leek'ness), > a right line or
OB-LIQ'UI-TY (ob-lik'we-ty), ) from moral rec-
titude; irregularity.
OB-LlTER-ATE, v. t. To blot out, efface, or de-
stroy any thing written or engraved, &c.; to de-
stroy or wear out by time, &c. ; to reduce to a
low and imperceptible state. SYN. To expunge^
cancel ; erase ; rub out ; efface ; destroy.
OB-LIT-EE-A'TION, n. The act of blotting out ;
effacement.
OB-LlV'I-ON, n. Forgetfulness; a general par-
don.
OB-LlV'I-OUS, a. Causing forgetfulness ; forget-
ful.
OB'LONG, a. Longer than broad; n. a figure or
solid longer than broad.
OB'LONG-ISH, o. Somewhat long.
OB'LONG-LY, ad. In an oblong form.
OB'LONG-NESS, n. State of being oblong, or of
being longer than broad.
OB'LO-QUY, n. Censorious speech; reproachful
language, or such as casts contempt on men and
their actions. SYN. Censure ; reviling ; slander ;
detraction ; calumny ; gainsaying ; abuse ; con-
tumely. 20
OBN
306
OBT
I, fi, &c., long. I, it, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THEE, TEEM; MAEINE, BIED; MOVE,
OB NOX'IOUS (-nSk'shus), a. Primarily, exposed OB-SERVE' (-zery), v. t. To see or behold with
or subject to injury, as to censure or punishment ;
hence, liable to, as obnoxious to justice; repre-
hensible, as obnoxious writings ; odious, as an
obnr:>:ious ruler.
OB-NOXO.OUS-LY (-nSk'shus-ly), ad. In a state
of liability ; reprehensibly ; odiously ; offensively.
OB-N6X'IOUS-NESS, n. Liableuess to punish-
ment ; offensiveiiess.
O'BO-E, n. A wind instrument sounded through
a reed j also written hautboy.
OB'OLE, n. In pharmacy, the weight of ten grains.
OB'O-LUS, n. A small silver coin in Greece, about
ld. ; a weight of 3 carats.
OB-0'VATE, a. Having the narrow end downward ;
inversely ovate.
OB-REP'TIOX, n. A creeping on with secrecy.
OB-REP-TI"TIOUS (-tish'us), a. Done or obtained
by surprise.
OB-SCENE', a. Offensive to chastity and delicacy.
SYN. Impure ; immodest ; indecent ; lewd ;
foul ; filthy ; disgusting.
OB-SCENE'LY, ad. In a manner to offend purity.
OB-SCEN'I-TY, n. Impurity in expression, repre-
sentation, or action. SYN. Lewdness ; ribaldry ;
impurity ; unchastity.
OB-SU-RA'TION, n. Act of darkening ; the state
of being darkened or obscured.
OB-StfRE', a. Destitute of light ; not easily un-
nttention ; to take notice of; to utter or express ;
to keep religiously ; to adhere to in practice ; to
comply with.
!iVE', -u. i. To be attentive. See REMATIK.
OB-SEEV'ER, n. One who takes notice ; a beholder ;
one who performs, fulfils, or i
OB-SERVING, a. r attention;
habitually taking noilco.
OB-SERVING-LY, ad. Attentively; carefully.
OB-SES'SION (-sesh'un), n. Act of besieging.
OB-SID'I-AN, n. A mineral of a black or dark blue
colour ; volcanic glass.
OB-SID'I-ON-AL, a. Pertaining to a siege.
( >B-SO-LfiS'CENCE, n. A passing into disuse.
( >B-SO-LES'CEN T, a. Going out of use.
OB'SO-LETE, a. Gone into disuse; out of date;
not very distinct. SYN. Antiquated; old fash-
ioned; old; obscure.
OB'SO-LETE-NE^S, n. State of disuse or desue-
tude ; in natural history, indistinctness.
OB'STA-LE, n. That which hinders or exposes.
SYN. Hinderance ; difficulty; impediment; ob-
struction, which see.
OB-STET'RI!, a. Pertaining to midwifery.
OB-STET-RI"CIAN (-r^h'aii)), n. One skilled in
the art or science of midwifery.
OB-STET'RIS, n. pi. The art of assisting women
in parturition ; the science of midwifery.
derstood ; not much known ; not clear or distinct. OB'STI-NA-CY, n. Unyielding fixedi :
that which gives way with ditii-
SYN. Dark; abstruse; mysterious; unnoticed;
unknown ; indistinct.
OB-SCRE', v. t. To darken ; to cloud ; to make '
less intelligible, visible, legible, or beautiful ; to
conceal; to make unknown; to tarnish. [ner.
OB-SURE'LY, ad. In a dark or imperfect man- '
OB-S!URE'NESS, ") n. Want of light ; privacy ; '
OB-S0R'I-TY, $ unintelligibleness ; illegible-
ness ; humble state. See DARKNESS.
OB'SE-RATE, v. t. To beseech ; to entreat.
OB'SE-QUIES (ob'se-kwiz), n. pi. Funeral rites and
solemnities.
OB-SE'QUI-OUS (ob-se'kwe-us), o. Literally, to
follow with great closeness ; hence, formerly,
compliant with great exactness, but now meanly
or servilely compliant. SYN. Attentive ; yielding.
In many cases a man may be attentive or yielding OB'STI-NATE-LY, ad. Stubbornly ; inflexibly,
in a high degree without any sacrifice of his dig- OB-STI-PA'TION, n. A stopping up ; costiveness.
nity; but he who is obsequious seeks to curry OB-STREP'ER-OUS, n. Making a tumultuous and
purpose, &c. ;
culty, as a disease, &c. SYN. Pertinacity.
Pertinacity (from per and teneo) denotes great
firmness in holding a thing, as pertinacity
of opinion, &c. Obstinacy (from ob and teneo) is
great firmness in holding out against persuasion,
attack, &c., as obstinacy of will. The former con-
sists in adherence, the latter in resistance. Perti-
nacity is often used in a good sense ; obstinacy is
almost always taken in a bad one ; but not so the
adjective obstinate, for we speak with applause of
the obstinate defence of a fortress, &c.
OB'STI-NATE, a. Pertinaciously adhering to an
opinion, purpose, &c. ; not easily subdued or re-
moved. SYN. Inflexible; immovable; firm;
headstrong.
favour by excessive and mean
some selfish end.
curry
compliances for
OB-S'QUI-OUS-LY, ad. With prompt obedience ;
with servile compliance.
OB-SE'QUI-OUS-NESS, n. Ready obedience;
mean or excessive compliance.
OB-SStRV'A-BLE (13), a. That may be observed or
noticed; worthy of observation. SYN. Remark-
able; visible; noticeable.
OB-SERVA-BLY, ad. So as to be noticed.
OB-SERV'ANCE, n. Performance ; strict regard
to; thing to be observed. SYN. Observation.
These words branch out from two distinct senses
loud noise. SYN. Noisy; loud; clamorous; voci-
ferous.
OB-STREP'ER-OUS-LY, ad. With tumultuous
noise ; clamorously.
OB-STRfiP'ER-OUS-NESS, ti. Loud clamour;
noisy turbulence.
OB-STRl'TION (-strik'shun), n. Obligation;
agreement; bond.
OB-STR0T', v. t. To stop up or close, as a way
or passage ; to hinder by obstacles ; to be in the
way. SYN. To bar ; retard ; check ; interrupt ;
impede.
OB-STRC-GT'ER, n. One that obstructs or hinders.
,-w-r amntfV^vrmVKv / ,-,.*- .,xi-',.i \ mi,x I,^T, i.
of obsen-e. (1.) To observe means to keep strictly ; 1 OB-STRO-C'TION (-struk'shuu), n. That which ob-
aud hence, observance denotes the keeping of a rule structs; anything that tends to hinder or stop,
or law with strictness, as the observance of the | SYN. Obstacle. Obstacle is stronger than do-
Sabbath, &c. (2.) To obserte means to consider struction; the latter (from obstrno) serves to
attentively, or remark ; and hence observation de- ' impede or hinder ; the former (from olsto) acts
with direct resistance. We remove obstructions;
we surmount obstacles; cold obstruction, death.
OB-STR0T'1VE, a. Hindering; presenting ob-
stacles ; causing impediment.
notes either the act of observing, or some remark
made as the result thereof.
OB-SEE-VAN'DA, n. pi. [L.] Things to be ob-
served.
OB-SERVANT, a. Taking notice; attending
closely to ; adhering cr obeying. SYN. Regard-
ful; obedient; attentive ; mindful; submissive.
OB-SER-VA'TION, n. The act of fixing the mind
or attention on any thing ; the effect or result of
such attention; expression of what is observed
or thought ; view of a heavenly body ; angular
rement of any space on the celestial sphere.
See OPSRRVANCB.
^VA-TO-RY, n. A place or building for
making astronomical and physical observations.
C)B'STIiU-ENT, a.
OB'STRU-ENT,
Obstructing; hindering.
Any thing that obstructs the
natural passages in the body.
OB-TilN', v. t. To get or keep and hold possession
of a thing ; v. i. to be received in customary or
common use ; to be established in practice. SYN.
To acquire; win; attain; earn; procure.
OB-TAlN'A-BLE, a. That can be obtained.
OB-TAIN'MENT, n. Act of obtaining.
OB-TEST', v. t. To beseech ; to supplicate ; to pro-
test; toobsecrate.
OBT
307
ODE
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; R^LE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS.
OB-TE8-TATIOX, ?i. Supplication ; entreaty; sol-
tajrmction.
OB-TUUDE' (31), v. t. or v. i. To thrust or force
upon. SYN. To intrude. To intrude is to thrust
oue'd self into a place, society, &c., without right,
or uninvited ; to obtrude is to force one's self, re-
marks, opinions, &c., upon persons with whom
lie has no such intimacy as to justify such bold-
OB-TR0D'ER, n. One who intrudes.
OB-TR0N'ATE, v. t. To dismemher ; to lop.
OB-TRC'SION (ob-tru'zhun), n, A thrusting in or
entering without right or invitation.
OB-TKtT'SlVE, a. Tending to intrude on; disposed
to enter uninvited.
OB-TRt)'SlVE-LY, ad. By way of intrusion.
OB-TCSE', a. Not pointed; not having acute sen-
sibility ; not sharp or shrill ; applied to an angle
larger than a right angle. SYX Dull ; biunt ; ob-
scure; stupid; insensible.
OB-TCSE'NESS, n. Want of sharpness or readi-
ness; want of quick sensibility; dulness of
sound. SYN. Dulness; bluntuess; stupidity;
insensibility ; heaviness.
OB-UM'BRATE, v. t. To shade ; to darken.
OB-UM-BRA'T : ON, n. Act of shading.
-RSE' (13), a. Having the base narrower
u the top.
OL!Vi';RSE, n. The face of a coin opposed to the
reverse.
OB-VERSE'LY, ad. In an obverse form.
OB-VERT', v. t. To turn toward.
OB'VI-ATE, v. t. To meet in the way ; to oppose ;
to remove, as difficulties or obstructions.
OB'VI-OUS, a. Easily discovered or understood
by the eye or intellect. SYX. Plain ; clear; evi-
dent ; open ; manifest, which see.
OB'VI-OUS-LY, ad. In a clear manner; plainly ;
clearly; evidently.
OBTI-OUS-NESS, n. Clearness to the sight or
raind.
O('-A'$ION (-ka'zhun), n. Literally, that which
falls in our way or presents itself in the course of
events; a< ncy ; an accidental cause,
<tc., giving rise to something else. SYN. Occur-
rence; incident; opportunity; convenience ; ex-
igency ; necessity. 6'cc OPPORTUNITY.
C--CA'*$ION (-ka'zhun;, v. t. To cause incident-
ally ; to produce ; to effect ; to influence.
OG-!A'$ION-AL, a. Occurring at times, but not
regular or systematic ; made or happening as op-
portunity requires or admits, or made on some
special event. SYN. Accidental; incidental; ir-
regular.
Oe--eA'$ION-AL-LY, ad. Upon occasion; inci-
dentally.
OG--eA'SlVE, a. Falling; descending; western.
O'CI-DENT, n. The West ; western quarter of
the hemisphere.
GG-CI-DENT'AL, a. Pertaining to the West;
western.
I'iT-AL, a. Pertaining to the back part of
the head.
-PUT, n. The hinder part of the head or of
the skull.
O-OLT', a. Concealed from the eye or under-
standing. SYK. Invisible; secret; hidden; un-
known ; undiscovered ; undetected. The occult
sciences are magic, necromancy, &c.
' L-TA'TION, n. Act of concealment; in
,.nmy, the hiding of a planet from our sight
by passing behind, or by the intervention of, an-
other heavenly body.
I'LTNESS, 7i. State of being concealed.
0'-GU-PAN-CY, n. Possession ; a seizing ; in law,
the taking possession of a thing not belonging to
. orson.
Of-GU-PANT, n. One who ta!ies or holds posses-
. nn occupier.
O<J-U-PATION, n. The act of taking posses-
sion ; a holding, keeping, or using ; that which
engages the attention ; the business which a man
e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as sn ; THIS.
follows for a living. SYN. Employment ; engage-
ment ; office ; trade ; profession, &c.
Oe'-eU-Pl-EK, w. One who occupies.
0'-GU-PY, v. t. To take and keep in possession ;
to hold for use; to cover; to fill; to employ; to
use; to busy one's self; to follow, as business.
0'-CU-PY, v. i. To follow business ; to negotiate.
O--G0R', v. i. To meet or come to the mind,
memory, or eye; to happen.
OG-eCR'RENCE, n. Any event that happens in-
cidentally or without being designed or expected ;
incident ; any single event.
O'CEAN (o'shun), n. The largest body of water on
the earth ; the main.
O'CEAN (o'shun), a. Pertaining to the ocean or
great sea.
O-CE-A'NIA, n. One of the five principal divisions
of the globe, comprehending most of the islands
lying South East from Asia in the Pacific Ocean.
O-CE.-AN'I-D8, n. pi. Sea-nymphs.
O-CE-AN'IG (o-she-an'ik), a. Pertaining to the
ocean.
O'CE-LOT, n. A kind of tiger-cat or panther found
in Mexico and South America.
0'!HRE, 71. A kind of fine clay, of various colours,
used as a pigment.
0'HRE-OUS f a- Like oclire > consisting of ochre.
0'HRY, '
OCK'RA. See OKRA.
0'TA-GON, n. A figure of eight sides and angles.
O-TAG'ON-AL, a. Containing eight angles.
O-TA-HE'DRON, n. A figure of eight equal
sides.
Oe-TANG'GU-LAR (-tang'gu-lar), a. Having eight
angles.
0'TAVE, n. The eighth day after a festival; in
music, an eighth or an interval of seven degrees
or twelve semitones.
Oe-TA'VO, 71. A book of a size next below a quar-
to, much taller than it is broad ; so called because
it had originally eight leaves to a sheet ; a. of a
size next to a quarto.
OG-TEN'NI-AL, a. Coming once in eight years;
lasting eight years.
O-G-TlLL'ION, n. By British notation, a number
formed by involving a million to the 8th power,
and expressed by a unit and 48 ciphers ; by the
French, a unit with 27 ciphers annexed.
O-TO'BER, n. The tenth month of the year.
O-TO-DEC'I-.V O, n. A book of a size next but one
less than a duodecimo ; so called because it had
originally eighteen leaves to a sheet.
O-TO-6EN-A'EI-AN, n. One who has reached the
age of 80 years.
0TO-GE-NA-RY, a. Being eighty years of age.
0-TO-SYL-LAB'I-G, a. Having eight syllables ;
n. a word of eight syllables.
OC-TROI' (ok-traw'), n. [Fr.] A tax on articles
brought in, levied at the gates of French cities.
0'TU-PLE (ok'tu-pl), a. Eight fold.
0'0-LAR (ok'yu-lar), a. Known by the eye ; de-
pending on the eye ; received by actual sight.
OtJ'0-LIST, n. One who heals diseases of the eye.
O'DA-LISQUE, properly 0-DAH'LI, n. The
name of the female slaves in the harem of the
Turkish Sultan ; also dancers.
ODD, a. Uneven in number ; not usual ; not noted ;
not taken into the common account ; of singular
or improper appearance ; separate from that
which is regularly occupied ; remaining unem-
ployed. SYN. Unmatched; strange; queer; ec-
centric; unusual; uncommon; droll; comical.
ODD'-FEL-LOWS, n. pi. The name of a secret so-
ciety for social enjoyment and mutual aid.
ODD'I-TY, n. Singularity; strangeness; a singu-
lar person.
ODD'LY, ad. Unevenly; strangely; uncouthly.
ODDS, 71. sing, and pi. Inequality ; excess ; advan-
tage. At odds, in dispute ; at variance.
ODE, n. A short poem ; a poem for music.
ODE 308 OIL
I, t, &c., long. 1, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, VAI.L, WHAT; THRE, TiKM ; MARINE, BiRD; MOTB,"
O-DE'ON, n. A kind of theatre in Greece in which
poets and musicians submitted their works to the
approval of the public.
(VD1N, n. The chief of the Scandinavian gods.
O'DI-OUS, o. Deserving hatred; offensive to the
senses ; causing hate ; exposed to hatred. SYN.
Disgusting; loathsome; offensive; repulsive;
unpopular.
O'DI-OUS-LY, ad. Hatefully ; invidiously.
O'DI-OUS-NESS, n. The state of being hated ;
hatefuluess ; that which excites hatred.
O'DI-UM, n. Unpopularity mingled with great
dislike. SYN. Hatred. Hatred is a thing we ex-
ercise ; odium is a thing we endure ; in this sense,
the former is active and the latter passive, "We
speak of having a hatred for a man, but not of
having an odium towards him. A tyrant incurs
the hatred of all good men, and by his actions,
brings upon himself the public odium.
O-DOM'E-TEE, n. A contrivance, attached to
the wheel of a carriage, for measuring the dis-
tance in travelling,
A '- The tooth-ache.
O- DON-TAL'GIG, a. Pertaining to the tooth-ache ;
n. a medicine for the tooth-ache. [tooth.
O-DONTOID, n. Something having the form of a
O-DON-TOL'0-GY, n. The science which treats of
the teeth.
O-DOR-IF'ER-OUS, a. Fragrant ; sweet-smelling.
O-DOR-IF'ER-OUS-NESS, n. Sweetness of smell.
O'DOUR-LESS, a. Free from scent or odour.
O'DOR-OUS, a. Sweet of scent ; fragrant.
O'DOUR, n. A sweet or offensive smell. SYN. Per-
fume ; scent ; smell ; fetor ; fragrance ; favour.
OD'YS-SEY (od'is-sy), n. An epic poem by Homer.
<E. For this diphthong, E is substituted, as for
(ECONOMICS. Sec ECONOMICS, &c.
,33-SOPH'A-G0S, n. The tube by which the food is
conveyed to the stomach.
O'ER, contraction of OVER. [from.
8F (ovj, prep. From ; concerning ; proceeding
FF, ad. Noting distance or departure.
OFF, prep. Not on ; distant from.
OFF, int. As an exclamation, a command to de-
part, in contempt or abhorrence ; away !
OF'FAL, 7i. Waste meat; meat; refuse; entrails;
any thing of no value ; rubbish.
OF-FENCE', n. Any transgression of law, divine
or human ; moderate anger ; cause of stumbling ;
injury ; assault or impediment. SYN. Sin ; scan-
dal ; resent ment ; trespass ; fault ; crime ; affront.
Many spell the word with s, on account of the
etymology, and because its derivatives have s.
OF-FENCE'LESS, a. Unoffending ; innocent.
OF-FEND', v. t. To displease ; to disgust ; to dis-
turb or annoy ; cause to stumble or fall ; v. i. to
transgress moral or divine law ; to cause dislike
or anger ; to be scandalized.
OF-FEND'ED, a. Displeased.
OF-FEND'ER, n. One who offends; a trans-
gressor.
OF-FEND'ING, a. Making angry ; causing to
stumble ; committing sin.
OF-FEN'SlVE, o. Causing displeasure or anger ;
giving pain or unpleasant sensations ; making the
first attack. SYN. Displeasing ; disagreeable; as-
sailant ; n. the part of attacking.
OF-FEN'SlVE-LY, ad. So as to give offence by
invasion or first attack.
OF-FEN'SlVE-NESS, n. Cause of disgust ; the
quality that offends or displeases, or that gives
pain to the senses.
OF'FER, v. t. To present for acceptance or rejec-
tion ; to make a proposal to ; to present, as an
act of worship in prayer or devotion ; to bring up
to the view of the mind ; to hold out, as a price,
&c. SYN. To propound ; proffer ; tender ; pro-
pose ; bid ; sacrifice ; v. i. to present itself; to be
at hand; to present verbally; to declare a will-
ingness.
OF'FER, n. A proposal; tender; price bid.
OF'FERED, a. Presented for acceptance or rejec-
tion in worship or devotion; bid; presented to
the eye or mind.
OF'FER-ER, n. One who offers or sacrifices.
GF'FER-ING, 71. A sacrifice ; oblation ; present.
OF'FER-TO-RY, n. An offering; passages read
while alms are collected ; an anthem or voluntary
forming the first part of the mass.
GFF'HAND, ad. Readily ; without previous prac-
tice.
OFF'HAND, a. Without premeditation.
GF'FlCE, 71. Public employment ; formulary of
devotion ; act of good or ill voluntarily tendered ;
a place for business. SYN. Business ; function ;
duty ; charge ; benefit ; service.
OF'FI-CER, n. One who holds an office or com-
mission.
OF'FI-CER, v. t. To furnish with officers.
OF-FFCIAL (-flsh'al), a. Pertaining to or de-
rived from the proper authority or office ; n. an
ecclesiastical judge.
OF-FFCIAL-LY (-flsh'al-ly), ad. By the proper
officer or authority.
OF-FFCIATE (-flsh'ate), v. i. To perform the
duties of an office for one's self or for another.
OF-FIC'I-NAL, a. Pertaining to shops.
OF-F1"CIOUS (-f Ish'us), a. Doing kind offices ;
interposing services, especially in affairs in which
one has no concern. SYN. Kind; obliging ; busy ;
forward ; active ; intermeddling ; impertinent,
which see.
OF-FFCIOUS-LY (-fish'us-ly), ad. Kindly; in a
meddling manner.
OF-Fi"CIOUS-NESS, n. Eagerness to serve; ex-
cessive forwardness.
OFF'ING, n. The open sea, or the sea at a dis-
tance from shore, where a pilot is not needed.
GFF'SOUR>ING, n. Refuse or vile matter;
r that which is rejected or despised.
OFF'SET, n. A shoot or sprout ; a flat surface or
terrace on a hill-side ; a perpendicular in survey-
ing ; an account set against another ; a set-off.
OFF'SET, v. t. To set one sum against another,
or make one's account pay another's.
OFFSPRING, n. A child or children; descend-
ant or descendants ; propagation or production
of any kind. SYN. Issue ; generation ; progeny ;
See OBFUSCATE.
i. Frequently; many times;
not seldom or rarely.
posterity.
OF-FUS'ATE.
OFT,
OFT'EN (offn),
OFT'EN-TIMES,
OFT'TIMES,
O-GEE', n. In architecture, a moulding formed like
the letter S somewhat expanded.
O'GLE (6'gl), v. t. To look with side glances of
fondness, or to attract notice.
O'GLER, n. One who looks with side glances.
O'GLING, n. The act of viewing with side or sly
glances, &c.
O'GRE, n. masc. ) An imaginary monster of the
O'GRESS, 7i. jam. j East who lived on human
beings.
O-GtG'I-AN, a. Belonging to Ogyges, and to a
great flood in his days (B.C. 1770) ; of great an-
tiquity.
OH, ex. Expressive of surprise, pain, anxiety, or
desire.
OIL, n. An unctuous substance, animal or vege-
table, very inflammable.
OIL, v. t. To anoint ; to smear or lubricate with
oil.
OIL'-BAG, 71. A gland in animals containing oil.
OILM3AKE, n. A mass of flaxseed from which the
oil has been expiv
OIL'-LOTH, 7i. A cloth oiled for floors, &c.
OIL'-)OL-OUR (-kul'ur), n. A pigment ground
with oil.
OIL'-GAS, 71. An inflammable gas procured from
oil
OIL'I-NESS, n. The quality of being oily, or n
quality resembling oil ; greasiness.
OIL
309
ONL
DOVE, W(?I,F, BOpK ; R*LE, BTTLL ; VICIOUS
OIL'-MAN, n. A man who deals in oil.
OII/Y, a. Containing oil ; consisting of oil; having
the qualities of or like oil. SYN. Greasy; fatty;
unctuous ; smooth.
OINT, v. t. To anoint ; to smear with oil.
OINT'MENT, n. Unguent ; a soft substance for a
diseased part.
O'KRA, n. A plant whose mucilaginous pods are
much used for a nutritious soup, &c.
OLD, a. Having existed a long time ; having been
made or used a long time ; being of long continu-
ance ; long practised or cultivated ; not new or
fresh ; of any duration whatever ; in vulgar lan-
guage, cunning crafty. SYN. Aged; ancient;
original; primitive; antique; antiquated; obso-
lete.
OLD AGE, n. Advanced years ; the latter period
of life.
OLD BACH'E-LOR, n. A man somewhat in years
who never has been married.
OLD'EN (61'dn), a. Old; ancient.
OLD-FASHIONED (-fash'und), a. According to
old custom.
OLD'ISH, a. Somewhat old.
OLD MAID, n. A female somewhat in years who
has never been married.
OLD'NESS, n. State of being old or of long con-
tinuance ; antiquity ; old age.
OLD RED SAND'STONE, n. A series of rocks be-
low the mountain limestone ; the Devonian sys-
tem.
O-LE-AG'I-NOUS, a. Oily ; unctuous ; having the
quality of oil.
O-LE-AG'I-NOUS-NESS, n. Unctuousness.
O-LE-AN'DEK, n. A beautiful evergreen flowering
shrub.
0-LE-AS'TER, n. The wild olive.
O'LE-FI-ANT GAS, -n. A gas composed of carbon
and hydrogen, which, mixed with chlorine, forms
a compound resembling oil ; hence its name.
O'LE-IN, n. That portion of fat which retains a
liquid state.
O-LE-OM'E-TER, n. An instrument used to as-
certain the weight and purity of oil.
OL-FA'TO-RY, a. Pertaining to smelling ; hav-
ing the sense of smelling.
8^BAB; UM '} n ' A gum resin from the East.
OL-I-GAR'HAL, ") a. Pertaining to oligar-
OL-I-GAE'HI-AL,j cliy.
OL'I-GAR-CHY, n. Government in the hands of a
few men ; a kind of aristocracy.
O'LI-O, n. A medley ; a miscellany ; a collection
of various pieces.
OL-I-VA'CEOUS, a. Of the colour of olive.
OL'lVE, n. A tree yielding oil ; emblem of peace ;
o. relating to the olive ; made of or like the olive ;
of the coloiir of the unripe olive.
OL'IVE-HRANCH, n. A branch of the olive-tree ;
the emblem of peace.
OL'LA PO-DRI'DA, n. A Spanish dish, consisting
of varioias meats hashed with vegetables.
O-LtM'PI-AD, n. The period of four years in
Grecian history.
O-Lt M'PI-AN, ") a. Pertaining to Olympia and the
O-LYM'PI, $ games there celei-r
OM'BRE, n. A game at cards, usually played by
three persons.
O-ME'QA, n. The last Greek letter, as Alpha is the
first; hence, Alpha- and Omega, the first and the
last, the beginning and the end.
!;ET, n. A V;:H \ilre or fritter of eggs, &c.
, n. A sign, good or bad, of some future
event.
O'MENED (6'mend), a. Containing an omen or
PrO ;'-.'!
O-MKNTUM, n. In anniomy, the caul; membrane
spread over the e
. n. A Hebrew measure.
OMT-NOUS, a. Foreboding ill ; foreshowing signs
01 good.
OM'I-.
NOUS-LY, ad. With good or bad omens.
. -e as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
OM'I-NOUS-NESS, n. Quality of being ominous.
O-MlS'SION (-mish'un), 71. A neglect or failure to
do something that could be done or ought to ba
done ; a leaving out ; forbearance.
O-MlS'SlVE, a. Leaving out.
O-MlT', v. t. To leave, pass by, or neglect ; to fail
or forbear to do or use ; to leave out or not men-
tion.
OM'NI-BUS, n. A large covered carriage for con-
veying passengers short distances.
OM-NI-FA'RI-OUS, o. Consisting of all forms or
kinds.
OM-N1F'I, a. All-creating.
OM'NI-FORM, o. Having all forms or shapes.
OM-NIG'E-NOUS, a. Consisting of all kinds.
OM-NI-PAR'LTY, 71, General equality.
OM-NI-PER-C1PI-ENCE, n. Perception of every
thing.
OM-NI-PER-CIP'I-ENT, a. Perceiving every
thing.
OM-NlP'O-TENCE, ) n. Almighty power ; un-
OM-NlP'O-TEN-CYJ limited power over particu-
lar things ; infinite power.
OM-NIP'0-TENT, a. Having almighty power.
OM-NIP'O-TENT, n. One of the appellations oi
the Godhead.
OM-NlP'O-TENT-LY, ad. With almighty power.
OM-NI-PRES'ENCE, n. Presence in everyplace at
the same time.
OM-NI-PRES'ENT, a. Present in every place at
all times.
OM-NIS'CIENCE, } n. A knowledge of every
OM-NIS'CIEN-CY, J thing; the quality of know-
ing all things at once.
OM-NlS'CIENT (-nish'ent), a. Having infinite
knowledge. SYN. All-knowing ; all-discerning ;
all-searching; all-seeing; all-beholding.
OM'NI-UM, n. Aggregate of the public stocks;
all the particulars in the contract between the
government and the public for a loan. Omnium
gatherum is a cant term for a miscellaneous col-
lection of persons or things.
OM-NlV'O-ROUS, a. All-devouring.
OM-PHAL'I, a. Pertaining to the navel.
ON, prep. The radical idea is that of contiguity or
closeness with the upper part, e.g., in space, as 0:1
the table; in time, as on that day; by depend-
ence, as on that ground ; by addition, as heaps on
heaps.
ON", ad. Toward ; onward ; in continuance ; in
succession; adhering; not off; attached to.
ON, inter. A word of incitement or encouragement,
elliptically for go on.
ON'A-GER, 11. The wild ass.
O'NAN-ISM, n. The sin of Onan ; self-pollution.
ONCE (wunce), ad. One time; at one tune; for-
merly ; at the same time ; used as a substantive,
preceded by this or that.
ONCE (onse), n. A kind of wild cat of a whitish-
grey colour.
ON DIT (on de). [Pr.] They say; a flying rumour.
ONE (wiin), a. Single in number ; individual ;
different ; diverse ; one of two ; single by union,
or one of a kind; n. a person.
ONE'-EYED (wtin'-ide), a. Having one eye
only.
O-NEI-RO-GRIT'IC, )a. Pertaining to the in-
O-NEl-RO-eRlT'I-ALJ terpretation of dreams.
O-NEI'RO-MAN-CY, n. Divination by dreams.
ONE'NESS (wun'ness), n. Unity; singleness in
number ; quality ofbeing one.
6N'ER-A-RY, a, Comprising a burden ; fitted or
intended for carriage of burdens.
ON'ER-ATE, v. t. To load ; to burden.
-OUS, o. Burdensome; oppressive.
ON'ION (iin'yuu), o. A well-known plant and its
bulbous root.
ON'LY, od. Singly; merely; without more.
ON'LY, a. Single ; this and no other ; this
above all others ; ad. in one manner and for one
purpose: this and no otherwise. STU. Merely;
singly; barely.
ONO
310
OPP
I, fi, &c., lon#. I, i, &c., short. CABE, FAB, LAST,
ON-0-MAS'TI-CON, n. [Gr.] A dictionary; ;
common-place book.
ON-0-MA-TO-P(E'I-A, n. [Gr.] Accordance of th
sound of a word with the thing signified.
ON'SET, n. A rushing or violent setting upon ,
the sudden assault of an army on an enemy.
SYN. Charge ; onslaught ; encounter ; storming
attack; assault.
ON'SLAUGHT (on'slawt), n. An attack; an onset
ON-TO-LOG'1!-AL, a. Pertaining to the science o
being in general.
ON-TGL'O-GY, 7i. That part of metaphysics which
investigates and explains the nature and essence
of all things.
0'NUS,n. IL.l The burden.
ON'WARD, ad. Forward ; progressively ; o. ad
vancing; improving.
(VNYX, n. A semi-pellucid gem with zones; an
agate.
(VO-LITE, n. A calcareous stone made up o
round grains, like the roe of a fish ; roestone.
0-O-LlT're, a. Pertaining to, composed of, or re
sembling oolite.
OOZE, n. Soft mud; slime; liquor from a tan-vat
OOZE, v. i. To flow gently ; to issue slowly, as
liquid through pores or small openings,
OOZ'Y, a. Slimy ; muddy ; moist.
O-PAC'I-TY, n. Opaqueness; want of transpa-
rency ; darkness.
O-PA'OUS, a. Impervious to rays of light ; dark.
O'PAH, n. The king-fish.
O'PAL, n. A silicious stone of changeable colours
and resinous lustre.
0-PAL-ES'CENCE, n. A shining from, the inte-
rior of a mineral.
O-PAL-ES'CENT, a. Like opal, reflecting lustre
from the interior.
O'PAL-lNE, a. Pertaining to or like opal.
O-PAQUE' (o-pake'), \ a. Impervious to light ; not
O-PAKE', j transparent.
O-PAQUE'NESS (-pake'-), n. Defect of transpa-
rency ; the quality of being impervious to light ;
cloudiness.
OPE, v. t. To open. [Used in poetry."]
O'PEN (o'pn), v. t. To divide; to unclose; to un-
bar, or remove any fastening ; to unfold ; to make
plain; to break the seal of a letter ; to begin ; to
clear or remove obstructions ; to interpret ; to
spread or expand ; to reveal ; v. i. to unclose it-
self ; to begin to appear ; to be parted ; to bark
on view or in scent of game, as a dog.
O'PEN (6'pnJ, o. Not shut, closed, or fast; not
covered, fenced, or obstructed ; not secret, con-
cealed, or disguised ; not clouded or frosty ; free
to be employed; not protected; clear of ice; ex-
posed to view. SYN. Unclosed ; uncovered ;
bare; plain; frank; candid; sincere; artless.
OTEN-ER (6'pn-er), n. One that opens; an inter-
preter.
OTEN-EYED (6'pn-ide), a. Watchful ; diligent.
O'PEN-HAND-ED, a. Generous; liberal; free.
O'PEJV-HEART-KD (o'pn-hart-ed), a. Honest;
candid; generous.
OT-EN-ING, n. A breach or aperture ; a place ad-
mitting entrance ; dawn ; first appearance ; be-
ginning of exhibition or discovery ; a. first in
order.
O'PEN-LY (6'pn-ly), ad. Publicly; evidently;
lainly.
'E-EA, n.; pi. OP'E-RAS. A dramatic composi-
tion set to music, and sung on the stage.
OP'E-EA-GLASS, n. A small perspective glass
used at theatres, operas, &c.
OP-ER-AM'E-TER, n. An instrument to register
the number of revolutions made by a wheel.
OP'ER-ANT, n. One who operates.
OP'ER-ATE, v. i. To exert power; to produce
effect on the mind; to exert moral power or influ-
ence ; to have an agency ; to perform some act on
the human body, as in surgery. SYN. To act;
work ; perform ; move.
OP-ER-AT'It!, a. Pertaining to the opera.
p
OP'
FALL, WHAT; TH^BE, TEBM ; MABINE, BIBD ; MOTE,
OP-EE-A'TION, n. Act or process of operating;
exertion of power, physical, mechanical, or moral ;
movements of machinery or of any physical body ;
action of the hand or with instruments in surgery.
SYN. Agency; work ; process ; effort ; action.
OP'ER-A : TlVE, a. Acting ; having power to act ;
producing the effect ; n. a labourer ; workman.
OP'EE-A-TOE, n. One who operates or produces
an effect.
O-PEE')U-LUM, n. A lid or cover, as in the pit-
cher plants ; the plate which closes the orifice of
a shell, &c. ; the apparatus, supported by bones,
which protects the gills of fishes.
OP'EE-OSE, a. Laborious ; troublesome ; tedious.
OPH'I-GLEIDE (ofe-klide), n. A large brass wind-
instrument.
O-PHiD'I-AN, a. Eelating to serpents.
O-PHI-O-LOG'I-AL, a. Belonging to ophiology.
O-PHI-OL'O-GIST, n. One versed in the natural
history of serpents.
O-PHI-OL'0-GY, n. History and description of
serpents.
O'PHI-O-MAN-CY, 7i. The art of predicting events
by serpents.
OPH-THAL'MI, a. Eelating to the eye.
OPH-THAL-MO-TOL'O-GY, n. The science of
OPH'THAL^MY (of'thal-my), n. A disease ofthe
O'PI-ATE, n. A medicine that contains opium and
induces sleep ; that which induces inaction ; that
which quiets uneasiness.
O'PI-ATE, a. Causing sleep ; causing rest or in-
action. SYN. Soporific ; narcotic ; somniferous ;
soporiferous ; lulling ; somntfic ; quieting.
O'PI-A-TED, a. Mixed with opiates ; under the in-
fluence of opiates.
O-PINE', v. i. To think. [Obs.]
0-Pl N'lA-TlVE, a. Stiff in adherence to opinic
not proved.
O-PIN'ION (o-pm/yun), ?i. The judgment formed
by the mind of any proposition, statement, &c.,
or of persons, qualities, &c. ; settled judgment or
belief. SYN. Notion; view; persuasion; idea;
view; estimate.
0-PlN'ION-A-TED, a. Firm in adherence to opin-
ion SYN. Opinionative ; conceited ; stubborn ;
obstinate; egotistical.
O-PlN'ION-A-TlVE-LY, ad. Obstinately.
0-PlN'ION-A-TiVE-NESS, n. Undue stiffness of
opinion.
0-PlN'IONED (o-pin'yund) Attached to cer-
tain opinions.
O-PIN'ION-IST, n. One very fond of his own no-
tions.
)'PI-UM, n. The inspissated juice of the capsules
of the white or somniferous poppy.
0-PO-DEL'DO, n. A liniment made by dissolving
soap in alcohol, adding camphor and volatile oils;
the name of a plaster.
0-PGS'SUAT, n. [Often pronounced pos'sum.] A
quadruped having a pouch or bag for carrying its
young after birth. To play possum is to feign one's
self dead. (A merican) .
P'PI-DAN, 71. An inhabitant of a town ; an ap-
pellation given to the students of Eton school,
who board in the town.
-P'PI-LATE, v. t. To crowd ; to stuff ; to obstruct.
)P-PI-LA'TION, n. Act of filling ; obstruction.
)P'PI-LA-T1VE, a. Tending to obstruct.
)P-PO'NENT, a. That opposes. SYN. Adverse;
opposing ; opposite ; contrary ; contradictory.
)P-PO'NENT, n. One who opposes; particularly
one that opposes in controversy or argument.
SYN. Disputant; antagonist; opposer; adversary,
which see.
P-POE-T0NE', a. Present at a proper time.
SYN. Timely; seasonable; convenient; fit; well,
timed ; proper.
P-POE-TONE'LY, ad. Seasonably; in good time.
)P-POR-TCNE'NESS, n. Seasonable time.
)P-POE-TC'NI-TY, n. Convenient time or menus.
SYN. Occasion. An occasion (from 06 and <
or? 311 ORB
D6VB, WOLF, B9QK; RULE, BULL ; vf'cious. as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; inis.
is that which falls in our way, or presents itself OP'TI-ME, n. One of those that stand second in
in the course of events ; an opportunity (from ob the rank of honours at Cambri
and portus) is a convenience or fitness of time, OFTI-MISM, n. The doctrine that every thing i
place, &c., for the doing of a thing. Hence,
opportwiities often spring out of occasions. We
may have occasion to meet a person frequently
without getting an opportunity to converse with
him (as we desire) on a given subject.
OP-POSE', v. t. To act against ; to put in opposi-
tion with a view to counterbalance, hinder, de-
for the best, or that the order of things in the
universe is adapted to produce the most good.
OP'TI-MIST, n. One who holds the opinion that
all events are ordered for the best.
OPTION (op'shun),.7i. The power or right to take
or refuse. SYN. Choice. We speak of option in
respect to freedom or opportunity of choosing-,
while choice is an act of the will itself. We
leave a thing to man's 02>tion, and he makes his
cJioice.
SYN. To combat; withstand; contravene; 'ob- OPTION- AL, a. Left to choice or election; de-
struct ; thwart. pending on choice.
OP-PO$'ER, n. One who opposes, acts in opposi- OFC-LENCE, n. The state of having great posses-
sions. -SYN. Affluence; abundance; wealth;
riches.
OFO-LENT (op'yu-lent, a. Possessing great wealth
or riches. SYN. Wealthy; rich; aifluent; abun-
dant.
OR, n. In heraldry, gold ; expressed in engraving
feat, destroy, or prevent effect ; to resist by phy;
cal means, arguments, &c. ; to resist effectuall;
to place in front, &c. ; v. i. to act adversely.
tion, or resists, either by physical force or prin-
ciple, controversy or argument, &c. ; enemy ;
foe; antagonist; adversary.
OP-POS'INGr, a. Acting again
nst.
OFPO-SlTE, a. Contrary in position ; adverse ; 11.
that which is the contrary.
OFPO-SITE-LY, ad. Adversely; against each
other ; in front.
6P'PO-$ITE-NESS, n. State of being opposite. .
OP-PO-Sl'TION (-zlsh'un), n. The act of oppos- OR, con. A connective that marks an alternative,
ing ; situation so as to front something else ; that as, you may read in the Bible or Testament ; or
which opposes ; contrariety of interests ; contra- is a contraction of other; in poetry it is sometimes
riety of meaning ; the collective body of opposers ; used for either.
the situation of two heavenly bodies 180 degrees j OR'A-LE, n. A pagan deity or his declaration, as
apart. SYN. Hostility ; obstacle ; repugnance ;
contradiction ; inconsistency, &c.
OP-PO-$i"TION-IST (-zlsh'un-), n. One in an op-
posite party.
OP-PO$'I-TlVE, a. That may be opposed.
OP-PRESS', v. t. To sit or lie heavy upon ; to bur-
den with opposition ; to crush by hardship or se-
verity, <fcc. ; to overpower; to overburden.
OP-PRES'SION (-prfish'un), n. Act of oppressing;
state of being oppressed ; dullness of spirits ; las-
situde of body ; a sense of heaviness or weight,
by dots.
OR, a termination of Latin nouns, like er, signifies
a person or agent, as in oppressor, factor.
-V X^OJ-Ui, H. jfl. pc&gcVJl U.citJ' Ut 11AS UL-ClctJLU01UU, iS
the Delphic oracle; the place where the answers
were given; an opinion deemed infallible ; a wise
man.
OR'A-GLE, v. i. To utter oracles.
O-RA'C-LAR, ) a. Uttering oracles; authorita-
-LAR, )
O-RA-6'C-LOUS, f tive; ambiguous.
O-RAG'U-LAR-LY, ) ad. So as to resemble, or
O-RA'D-LpUS-LY, j as if pretending to the au-
thority of an oracle. [lous.
0-RA!'0-LOUS-NESS, n. State of being oracu-
OR'AI-SON (or'e-zon), n. A prayer. See ORISON.
&c. SYN. Hardship ; cruelty ; severity ; misery ; O'RAL, a. Delivered by the mouth,
calamity; depression ; bm-den. o RAL-LY, ad. By mouth without writing.
OP-PRESSlVE, a. Unreasonably burdensome; OR'ANfiE, n. The name of a tree and of its yellow
injuriously bearing down upon, or so affecting '
the interests and welfare of another ; requiring
what is not just; -weighing down; causing a
sense of sinking or fulling, Ac. SYX. Cruel; sc- OR'AN-GEAT (or'an-zhat), 71. [Fr.]
vere ; unjust ; tyrannical ; heavy ; overpowering. I covered with candy ; orangeade.
OP-PRESS'lVE-LY, ad. With excessive weight or OR'AN-GER-Y,
severity.
OP-PRESS'IVE-NESS, n. Quality of being oppres-
sive.
OF-PRfiSS'OR, n. One who oppresses ; a tyrant.
OP-PRG'EHI-OUS, a. Expressing or causing re-
proach and disgrace; blasted with infamy; ren-
dered hateful. SYN. Abusive; offensive; insult-
ing ; contemptuous ; reproachful.
OP-PRO'BRI-OUS-LY, ad. Reproachfully.
OP-PRO^ RI-OUS-NESS, n. Reproachfulness,
mingled with contempt; scurrility.
OP-PRO'BRI-UM, n. Reproach with contempt or
disdain SYN. Disgrace; ignominy; infamy;
scurrility.
OP-PCGV (op-pvnie'), v. t. Literally, to fight;
hence, to make an attack, to offer opposition or
resistance.
OP-PUG'NAN-CY, n. The act or state of attacking
or resisting.
OP-PtG'NANT, a. Resisting; repugnant.
OP-PCGN'ER (op-pun'er), n. One that opposes.
OFTA-T1 VE, . Expressive of desire ; in grammar,
the optative mood is that part of the verb in which
desire is expressed.
and agreeable pulpy fruit.
OR-ANGE-ADE', >i. A drink made of orange-jiuce,
Corresponding to lemonade.
Orange-peel
OR'AN-(>ER-Y", n. A plantation of orange-trees.
O-RANG'-OU-TANG', n. The great ape, having a
resemblance to man.
O-RA'TION, n. A rhetorical speech, now applied
chiefly to discourses on special occasions and to
academic declamations. SYN. Address ; speech ;
harangue ; discourse ; declamation.
OR'A-TOR, ?i. An eloquent speaker ; a public ad-
vocate ; a petitioner ; in modern usage, one who
pronounces a discourse publicly on some special
occasion.
OR-A-TO'RI-AL, ") a. Pertaining to an orator or
OR-A-TOR'I-AL, j oratory. SYN. Rhetorical ;
eloquent ; flowery ; florid.
.
or belonging to an ora-
; ;
OR-A-TOR'IC-AL-LY, ) ad. After the manner of,
OR-A-TO RI-AL-LY, J
OPTI,
Pertaining to vision ; relating to
( >P'TI'-AL, J the science^>f optics.
OP-Tl"CIAN (-tish'an), n. One who deals in opti-
iruments ; a person skilled in optics.
OP'TIt'S, n. pi. The science of the laws of
OFTI-MA-CY, n. The body of noblt-
OP-T1 t >l. [L.] The Roman nobility;
hence, nobility in geucrul.
tor; floridly.
OR-A-TO'RI-O, n.; pi. OR-A-TO'RI-OS. A sacred
drama set to music ; a chapel ; a place of wor-
ship.
OR'A-TO-RY, n. The art of public speaking with
correctness and elegance ; exercise of eloquence ;
a place for prayer. SYN. Eloquence; rhetoric;
elocution.
ORB, n. A sphere ; a round body. See GLOBE.
ORB, v. t. To form into a circle.
TE, a. Bereaved; fatherless; childless.
ORBED (urbd), a. Formed into a circle; or round
shape ; rounded or covered on the outer side or
edge. SYN. Round; circular ; orbicular ; spheri-
cal; globular.
OR-Bl'0-LAR, a. In the form of an orb. STN.
Spherical; circular; round; orbed; globular.
ORB 312
i, fi, &c., long. 1, 1k, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
OR-Bl!'C-LAR-LY, ad. With a spherical form.
OE-Bl'0-LATK, a. Bound like an orb.
OR-Bre-0-LA'TION, n. State of being an orb.
OliB'IT, n. The path of a planet or comet round
its centre ; cavity in which the eye is situated
OEB'IT-AL, a. Pertaining to the orbit.
OEB'Y, a. Resembling an orb.
OE, 71. A species of whale.
OR-GA'DI-AN, a. Relating to the Orkney Isles.
OR'CHARD, ri. An inclosure for i'ruit trees or an
(iiublage of fruit trees.
OR'CHARD-ING, n. The cultivation of orchards ;
orchards in general.
OR'CHARD-IST, n. A cultivator of orchards.
OR'HES-TRA (or'kes-tra), n. The part of a theatre
for the musicians ; the body of performers.
OE'HES-TEAL (or'kes-), o. Pertaining to an or-
chestra.
OR-OHI-DA'CEOUS. ~) o. Pertaining to the or-
OR-H1D'E-OUS, ) chis.
OR'-GHIS (or'kis), n. A genus of plants which
have fragrant ami beautiful flowers of singular
form.
OR-DAIN', r. t. To appoint; to settle; to estab-
lish ; to decree ; to invest with a ministerial
function.
OR-DAl VER, n. One who ordains.
OR-DAIN'ING, a. Appointing; establishing; in-
vesting witii sacerdotal powers.
OR'DE-AL, 7i. Trial of guilt by fire or water; a
severe trial ; close scrutiny.
OR'DER, n. Regular disposition or methodical
arrangement of things; proper state or condi-
tion ; established mode of proceeding ; settled
mode of operation ; authoritative direction ; re-
gular government or discipline ; a religious fra-
ternity ; division of men, as knighthood, or of
rational objects ; placing words, &c., so as best to
secure beauty or clearness of expression, &c. ; a
system of arrangement of parts proportionate in
architecture. SYN. Regularity; precept; injunc-
tion; command; regulation; rank; class; mea-
sures ; care.
OR'DEE, v. t. To methodize or systematize; to
subject to rules, &c. ; to dispose of in a parti-
cular manner ; v. i. to give direction or command,
&c. SVN. To regulate ; adjust ; lead ; conduct ;
direct; bid; command; enjoin; manage; treat,
&c.
OE'DER-ING, n. Disposition ; distribution ; man-
agement.
OR'DER-LESS, a. Irregular in manner ; disor-
derly.
6R'DER-LI-NESS, n. Regularity; state of being
orderly ; state of being methodical.
OR'DER-LY, a. Observant of method or order ;
well regulated; performed in good order; ac-
cording to established method ; not unruly ;
being on duty. SYN. Systematic ; regular ; me-
thodical; peaceable; ad. according to rule; n.
a military officer of low rank, as an orderly ser-
geant.
Olt'DERS, 7i. pi. In orders, set apart to the mini-
stry in the Roman Catholic or Episcopal Church.
Olt'DI-NAL, a. Noting the order of number; a
number noting order ; n. a book of rites ; a ri-
tual.
OR'DI-NANCE, 7i. Rule established by authority ;
observance commanded ; established rite. SYN.
Law; decree; statute; regulation; command;
precept ; order.
OR'DI-NA-EI-LY, ad. According to regular rules
or established method. SYN. Generally ; cus-
tomarily; habitually; usually; commonly.
OR'DI-NA-RY, a. According to established order ;
moderate in respect to excellence, beauty, &c. ;
inferior. SYN. Common. A thing is common in
which many persons share or partake, as a com-
mon -ractice ; a thing is ordinary when it is apt
to come round in the orderly or regular succes-
sion of events, . When
used in the sense of inj'erior, ordinary marks a
OKI
FALL, WHAT; TIlftRE, TRM; MAUINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
want of that which distinguishes, as an ordinary
face; common denotes the want of that which
attracts or interests.
OR'DI-NA-RY, n. An ecclesiastical judge ; the
chaplain of Newgate; a public eating-house; a
place where ships are laid up.
OR'DI-NATE, n. One of the lines which, drarvn
perpendicular to the axis of the curve, meet the
curve in a number of points.
OR'DI-NATE, a. Regular; methodical.
GR'DI-NATE-LY, ad. In a methodical manner.
OR-DI-NATION, n. Act of ordaining; act of con-
ferring ministerial office; established order or
tendency.
OR'DI-NA.-TlVE, a. Giving order ; directing.
OR-DI-NA'TOR, n. One who ordains or estab-
lishes.
ORD'NANCE, n. General name for great guns of
all sorts ; artillery; cannon; mortars.
OR'UON-NANCE, n. In the arts, the disposition
of the parts of a picture, &c. ; also in architecture
and in works of elegant literature, either in re-
gard to the whole piece or to the several parts.
ORD'ORE (ord'yur), n. Excrementitious matter;
dung.
ORE, 71. The native compound from which a metal
is extracted.
O'RE-AD, 7i. A mountain nymph.
OR'GAN, n. An instrument of action or motion ;
a means toward any end ; a wind instrument of
music.
OR'GAN-BTJlLD'ER, n. One who constructs organs.
OR-GAN'MJ, la. Pertaining to, or consisting
OR-GAN'I-AL, j of, organs; produced by the
organs ; instrumental ; acting as instruments of
nature or art to a certain end. Organic bodies are
such as possess organs, on the action of which
depend their growth and action. Organic laws
are those which are fundamental to the constitu-
tion or elementary. Organic remains, those of
animals or vegetables petrified or imbedded in
stone.
OR'GAN-ISM, n. Organical structure.
OR'GAN-IST, 7i. One who plays on an organ.
OR-GAN-I-ZA'TION, n. Act of organizing or sys-
tematizing the parts of a thing ; structure ; act
of distributing into suitable parts and appointing
proper officers, as of an army, &c. ; disposition of
parts so as to act together in a compound body j
the condition of an organized body ; the assem-
blage of parts of which it is constituted, or of the
laws which regulate its actions.
OR'GAN-lZE, v. t. To form with organs ; to con-
struct so that one part may co-operate with an-
other and the whole ; to form in regular struc-
ture ; to distribute into parts and appoint proper
officers, &c.
OR'GAN-lZED, a. Formed with organs so arranged
that all parts act together.
OR'GAN-LOFT, n. The loft where an organ stands.
OE-GAN-OG'RA-PHY, n. Description of the or-
gans of plants or of their names
OR-GAN-OL'O-GY, 71. That branch of physiology
which treats of the different organs of animals,
and especially of man.
OR'-GA-NON, or OR'-GA-NUM, n. Method; a code
of rules for scientific investigation.
OR'GAN-ZlNE, n. Thrown silk; silk so twisted
like a rope with strands as to make it stronger.
OB'QASM, n. Immoderate excitement or action.
OR'UEAT (ur'zhat), n. [Pr.J A liquor extracted
from barley and sweet almonds.
OR'GIES (or'jiz), n. pi. Frantic revels of baccha-
nalians; hence drunken revelry, chiefly at night.
-EL, I n. In Gothic architecture, a bay windo
C'RI-OL,.) a recess.
O'EI-EL,
low;
O'RI-E.NT, a. Rising, as the sun; oriental ; eastern;
trlittering ; bright; shining.
(VRI-ENT, n. The east; place of tbe rising snn.
I O-BI-ENTAL, a. Eastern ; in or from the East;
[ n. an inhabitant of some eastern part of the
I world ; an Asiatic.
ORI
313
OSI
, BTTI,L; vl"cious.
, WOLF, BW
O-RI-ENT'AL-ISM, n. An idiom of tlie Eastern
langi:
O-RI-ENT'AL-TST, n. An inhabitant of the East,
or one versed in Oriental languages and learning.
OR'I-FICE (or'e-fis).n. An opening; perforation;
month, as of a tube, pipe, &c.
OR'I-FLAHME, n. [Fr.] The ancient royal stand-
ard of France.
OR'I-GAN, \n. [L.] Marjoram; a genus of
0-RIG'A-NUX, j" plants.
OR'I-GIN, n. The beginning of a thin?; that from
which any thing primarily arises. SYN. Source.
Origin (from orior) denotes the rise or com-
mencement of a thing ; source presents itself un-
der the image of a fountain flowing forth in a
continuous stream of influences. The origin of
moral evil has been much disputed, but no one
can doubt that it is the source of most of the ca-
iiies of our race.
O-RIG'1-NAL, o. Preceding all others ; haying the
power to originate new thoughts or combinations
of thought; as applied to sin, transmitted or de-
rived from the first parent to the race. SYN.
First ; primitive ; pristine ; inventive ; peculiar.
O-R1G'I-N AL, n. A source ; first copy ; that from
which any thing is transcribed or translated ; a
on of odd or peculiar character or habits.
O-RIG-I-NAL'I-TY, n. Quality of being original ;
the power of ork thoughts or combi-
nations of thought ; genius.
O-RlG'I-NAL-LY, ad. At first ; primarily.
o-ltl(';i-NATE, v. t. To cause to be; to produce
what is now. SYN. To cause; produce; gener-
ate; create; invent; v. i. to take rise ; to begin.
O-RIG'I-NAT-LNG, a. Causing; bringing to ex-
istence.
O-RIG-I-NA'TIOX, n. A bringing or coming into
existence ; mode of production or bringing into
being.
l -NA-TOR, n. One who originates.
OKI-OLE, n. The name of several species of birds.
0-Rl'ON,n. A southern constellation containing
seventy-eicrht stars.
OR'I-$ON (Dr'e-zou), n. A prayer ; supplication.
OR'LOP, n. The lowest deck of a ship below
water, in which are stowed sails, cables, &c.
OR-MO-LU', n. [Fr.] Brass which is made to as-
sume the appearance of gold.
OR'NA-MENT, n. That which embellishes or
makes more beautiful to the eye. SYN. Decora-
tion; embellishment ; sculpture: adornment.
OR'NA-MENT, r. t. To make beautiful or furnish
with embellishments. SYN. To embellish ;
deck ; bedeck ; decorate ; beautify ; adorn, which
see.
OR-NA-MENT'AL, a. Tending to adorn ; graceful.
\-MKNT'AL-LY, ad. So as to adorn.
OR-NA-MEN-TA'TION, n. The act or art of orna-
menting.
OB'NA-MENT-ED, a. Decorated; embellished;
beautified.
OR'NATE, a. Adorned; decorated; beautiful.
OR'NATE-LY, ad. With decoration.
OR'NATE-N ESS, n. State of being adorned.
OR-NITH-lH'NlTE, n. In geology, a name given
to the footmarks of birds, chiefly in strata of the
trias.
OR-NITH'O-LITE, n. A petrified bird, or stone of
Bearing the figures of birds.
OR-NI-THO-L' xVK --AL, a. Belonging or pertain-
ing to ornitl
TIIOL'O-GIST, n. One skilled in the science
of birds ; one who describes birds.
OR-NI-THOL'O-GY, n. A description of birds,
their form, structure, habits, and uses.
OR-NlTH O-MAX-CY. n. Divination by birds.
OK-NI-THO-RHYNeil'US, n. A singular aquatic
quadruped of Now Holland, duck-billed and with
0-BO-LOG If -AL, n. Belonging to orology.
L O-GlST, n. A describer of mountains.
O-RGL'O-GY, n. A description of mountains.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as sn ; THIS.
O'RO-TUXD, n. A mode of intonation directly
from the larynx, which gives fullness, c 1 earner:,
and strength, and highest perfection of voice.
OR'PHAN, n. A child bereaved of father or mother,
or both.
OR'PHAN, a. Bereaved of parents.
OBTHA^KM,' j n ' Tlie state of an or P han "
ORPHANED (ur'fand), a. Bereft of parents or
friends.
OR'PUE-AN.) a. Pertaining to Orpheus, the poet
OR'PHI, j and musician.
OB'PHE-US, n. In mythology, a bard who played
so skilfully as to move inanimate things.
OR'PI-MENT, n. The yellow sulphuret of arsenic,
used as a colour in painting.
OR'RE-RY, n. An astronomical instrument to
show the revolutions of the planets.
OR'RIS, n. A species of iris with a fragrant root.
OBT, n. A fragment ; refuse.
OR'THO-DOX, a. Sound and correct in doctrine
or belief ; believing the genuine doctrines of Scrip-
ture : opposed to heretical.
OR'THO-UOX-LY, ad. With soundness of faith.
OR'THO-DOX-NESS, n. Soundness in faith.
OR'THO-DOX- Y, n. Soundness of faith ; Scrip-
tural truth ; consonance to genuine Scriptural
doctrines.
OR-THO-DKOM'IS, n. pi. The art of sailing iu
a direct course or on the arc of a great circle.
OR'THO-DRO-MY, n. The sailing in a straight
course.
OR-THO-EP'IG-AL, a. Pertaining to orthoepy.
OR'THO-E-PIST, n. A person well skilled in pro-
nunciation.
ORTHQ-E-P Y, n. Correct pronunciation of words.
OR-THOG'RA-PHER, ) ?i. One who spells words
OR-THOG'RA-PHIST,; correctly.
OB-THO-GBAPH1J, ) a. Rightly spelled;
OR-THO-GRAPH'I-AL, j pertaining to ortho-
graphy ; delineated according to elevation or ver-
tical section.
OR-THO-GRAPHT-AL-LY, ad. According to
rules of spelling.
OR-THOG'RA-I'H Y, n. The spelling or writing of
words with the proper letters, or that part of
grammar which treats of this subject ; the art of
delineating or drawing the front of an object so
as to exhibit the height and elevations of the se-
veral parts ; the profile or representation of a
work, as by vertical section.
OR-THOF'E-DIST, n. One who cures or remedies
deformities of the feet.
OR-THOFE-DY, n. The art or practice of curing
the deformities of the feet.
OR-'i HOP TER-OUS, a. Having two wings, which,
when at rest, are disposed in straight longitudinal
folds.
ORT1VE, a. Rising ; eastern.
ORTO-LAN, n. A bird of the size of a lark, es-
teemed, a great delicacy as food.
O'RYX, n. A South African antelope; the genus
bok.
OS, n. [.] In medical language, a bone.
OS'CIL-LATE, v. t. To swing ; to vibrate.
OS-CIL-LA'TION, n. A moving backward and for-
ward, as a pendulum ; vibration.
OS'CIL-LA-TO-RY, a. Moving as a pendulum.
OS'CI-TAN-CY, n. Act of gaping or yavruing; un-
usual sleepiness ; drowsiness.
OS'CI-TANT, a. Yawning; sleepy; drowsy; slug-
gish.
OS-CI-TA'TION, a, Act of gaping from sleepiness.
OS'U-LAKT, o. That adheres closely; that em-
OS-U-LA'TION, n. A kissing; contact of a curve
with its circle.
OS'U-LA-TO-RY, n. A tablet with the picture of
Christ and Mary to bo k:
O'SIER (6'zhur), n. A species of water-willow, or
a twitr of it used in making baskets.
0'aIEliL'D, a. Covered or adorned with osiers.
OSM
314
OUT
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAR, Lisi,
OS'MA-ZOME, 7i. An aromatic brownish-yellow
substance from animal fibre, which gives the
peculiar flavour to boiled meat and soups.
OS'MI-UM, n, A metal contained in the ore of
platinum.
OS'NA-BURG, n. A coarse linen.
OS'PRAY, n. The fishing-eagle or fish-hawk.
OS'SE-LET, n. A hard substance on the inside of
a horse's knee, among the small bones.
OS'SE-OUS (us'se-us), a. Bony; like or made of
bone.
OS'SI-GLE (os'se-kl), n. A small bone.
OS-SlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing or furnishing bones ;
containing bones.
OS-SIF'I, a. Converting to bone.
OS-SI-FI-ATION, n. The change or its process
from flesh or other animal matter into a bony
substance ; the formation of bones.
OSS'I-FRAGE, n. The sea-eagle.
OS'SI-FY, v. t. To form bone ; to change from a
soft animal substance into bone.
OS'SI-FY, v . i. To become bone. [bone.
OS'SI-FY-ING, a. Changing into bone ; becoming
OS-SIVO-ROUS, a. Feeding on bones.
OS'SU-A-RY, n. A place for bones ; a charnel-
house.
OS-TEN-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. Quality of appearing.
OS-TEN'SI-BLE, a. Seeming; not real;. that ap-
pears or seems ; shown, declared, or avowed.
SYN. Plausible; colourable; apparent; seeming;
specious.
OS-TEN'SI-BLY, ad. Plausibly; colourably.
OS-TEN'SlVE, a. Tending to show ; exhibiting.
OS-TEN-TATION, n, Vain outward show or ap-
pearance; ambitious display. SYN. Pageantry;
pomp ; pompousriess ; vaunting ; boasting ; parade,
which see.
OS-TEN-TATIOUS (-ta'shus), a. Making a dis-
play from vanity ; fond of boastful exhibition ;
intended for vain display. SYN. Showy; boast-
ful ; pompous ; vaunting ; gaudy.
OS-TEN-TA'TIOUS-LY, ad. With vain display.
OS-TEN-TATIOUS-NESS, . Vain display;
boastfulness ; vanity.
OSTE-C-GOPE, n. A pain in the bones.
OS-TE-OG'E-NY (-6j'e-ny), n. The formation of
bone.
OS-TE-OL'O-GIST, I n. One who describes the
OS-TE-OL'O-GER, j bones of animals.
OS-TE-OL'O-GY, n. Description of animal bones ;
the system of animal bones.
OS'TI-A-RY, n. The mouth or opening of a river
into the sea.
OST'LER. See HOSTLER.
OST'MEN, n. East men; Danish settlers in Ireland .
OS'TRA-CISM, n. Banishment by votes on shells ;
expulsion ; banishment.
OS'TRA-ClZE, v. t. To banish by the voice of the
populace, particularly one of eminent service,
out unpopular.
OSTRICH, n. A larare bird with elegant plumage,
but wings too short for flight.
OT-A-OUS'TK) (-kow'stik), n. An instrument to
assist hearing.
A pain in the ear.
OTH'ER (uth'er), a. Not the same; different;
contrary ; noting something besides.
OTH'ER-WlSE (uth'er-;, ad. In a different man-
ner; by other causes; in other respects.
OT'TAR, I n. The essential oil or essence of
OTTO, ) roses.
OTTER, n. An amphibious quadruped living in
the banks of rivers ; a colouring substance ; a cor-
ruption of arnotto or anotta.
OTTO-MAN, a. Designating something that per-
tains to the Turks or to their government.
OTTO-MAN, n. ; pi. GT'TO-MANS. A native of Tur-
key ; a small, low, stuffed seat.
OUCH, n. The bezil or socket of a ring.
OUGHT. See AUGHT, the true orthography.
OUG1J T (awt), v. i. [Used in the present and pre-
KALL, WHAT; THfiKE, TERM; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVB,
tent tenses only.J To be necessary; to be ob-
liged ; to be. This verb is used only in the pre-
sent and preterit tenses to denote duty or strong
necessity, as the law ought to be executed. SY.V.
Should. Both words imply obligation, but ought
is the stronger. Should denotes an obligation of
propriety, expediency, &c. ; ought denotes an obli-
gation of duty. We should be neat in our persons ;
we should avoid giving offence. We ought to speak
truth ; we ought to obey the laws. As a participle,
owed.
OUNCE, n. A weight, the twelfth of a pound troy,
and sixteenth of a pound avoirdupois ; a kind of
wild cat. See ONCE.
OUR, pron. pos. Pertaining to us; belonging
to us.
OU-RAN-OG'RA-PHY, n. A description of the
heavens. Uranography is more used.
OU-ROL'O-GY, -> n. Judgment of diseases by an
OU-ROS'O-PY, j examination of urine.
OURS, noting what belongs to us ; usually called
the possessive case of the personal pronoun ice.
OUR-SELF', pron. reciprocal. In the royal style,
myself.
OUR-SELVES', pron. pi. of OUESELF. We, not
others.
OU'SEL (oo'zl) , n. A bird of the thrush family.
OUST, v. t. To remove from possession ; to cast
out ; to eject ; to disseize.
OUSTER, n. Removal froai possession ; dispos-
session; ejection.
OUT, ad. In a state of extinction ; abroad ; not at
home; to the end; uncovered; away; deficient;
without restraint ; loudly, &c.
OUT-, prefix. It denotes exclusion, omission, or
surpassing ; its compounds are self-explanatory,
and need not all be given.
OUT, v. t. To drive away ; to eject ; to expel.
OUT, ex. Expressing dislike ; away ; begone.
OUT-AT', v . t. To do or go beyond ; to exceed.
OUT-BAL'ANCE, v. t. To outweigh ; to exceed in
weight or effect.
OUT-BID', v. t. To bid more than any other.
OUT-BID', ) a. Exceeded in the price of-
OUT-BID'D^NJ fcred.
OUT'BOUND, a. Going on a distant voyage ; out-
ward bound.
OUT-BRAVE', v. t. To bully or bear down by inso-
lence ; to exceed in splendour.
OUT-BRA'ZEN (-bra'zn), v. t. To bear down with
the utmost impudence.
OUTBREAK, n. A breaking forth ; an eruption.
OUTBREAK-ING (-bruk-ing), n. That which
bursts forth.
OUT'BUILD-ING, n. A building near, but not
joined to a larger one.
OUTBURST, n. A breaking or bursting forth.
OUTCAST (6), o. Cast out; banished; expelled;
thrown away as useless.
OUTCAST, n. A person banished ; an exile ; one
driven from country or home.
OUT-GL1MB' (-klime'), v. t. To climb beyond.
OUT-ROP', v. i. In geology, to come out to the
surface of the ground .
OUT-6ROP, n. The coming out of a stratum to
the surface of the ground ; basset-edge.
OUTCRY, n. A vehement or loud cry ; a cry of
distress ; noisy opposition or detestation ; sale at
public auction. SYN. Exclamation ; clamour ;
noise ; vociferation.
OUT-DARE' (4), v. t. To dare or venture beyond.
OUT-DO/ v. t. To excel ; to surpass.
OUT-DOTNG, n. A going beyond in performance.
OUT-DOORS', ad. Abroad; out of the house.
OUT'ER, a. That is without ; outward.
OUTER-MOST, a. Being on the extreme part.
OUT- FACE', v. t. To bear or stare down; to
brave.
OUTFALL, n. A fall of water ; a canal.
OUTFIT, n. Ouf/its are the expenses of equipping ;
money advanced to a public minister going to a
foreign country beyond his salary.
OUT
315
OVA
D6VE, WOLF, BO<?K } BULB, Bt.'LL ; Vl"CIOUS.
OUT-FLANK', v. i. To extend the flank of one army
ml that of another.
OUT-FLY', v. t. To fly faster than another ; to ad-
vance before in flight and progress.
OUTGATE, n. An outlet ; passage out.
: ' . KN'ER-AL, v. t. To exceed in generalship ;
to gain advantage over by superior skill, &c.
OUT-GIVE', v. t. To surpass in giving.
OUT-GO', v. t. To surpass ; to overreach ; to ad
vance before in going.
OUTGO-ING, n. Act of going out ; the state of
going out ; expense ; utmost border.
OUT-GROW' (-gro'), v. t. To surpa-s ingrowth;
to grow too great or too old for any thing.
OUT'GUARD (-gard), n. An advanced guard; a
guard at a distance from the main body of an
army.
OUT-HER'OD, v. t. To exceed in cruelty or ab-
surdity ; to overact a part.
OUTHOUSE, n. A small building at a little dis-
tance from the house, as a barn, &c.
OTJT-LAND'ISH, a. Not native ; born or produced
in the interior country or among rude i<-
SYN. Vulgar ; rustic ; clownish.
OUT-LAST', v. t. To exceed in duration; to last
r than something else.
OUTLAW, n. One excluded from the benefits of
. cr deprived of its protection.
OUTLAW, v. t. To deprive of the benefit and pro-
tection of the law ; to proscribe.
Oil I A \V- It Y, 7i, Act of depriving of the benefit
of the law, or the process by which a man is de-
prived of its protection.
OUTLAY, n. Expense ; expenditure.
OUT-LEAP', v. t. To surpass in leaping.
OUT'LET, n. A passage to let out ; the place or
means by which any thing esc/.
OUT-LIE' HI';, v. t. To exceed in lying.
OUT-LI'ERS, n. Portions of any stratified group
detached from the main body.
OUT'LINE, n. The exterior line of a figure; first
general or rough drawing of an object. SYN. Con-
. i r ; draught ; delineation ; sketch.
OUT-LIVE', v. t. To live beyond; to survive; to
live better or to better purpose.
OUT-1.' To face down ; to browbeat.
OUT-LY'ING, a. Being at a distance from the
main body or design ; on the frontier : not in the
common course of order ; removed from the gene-
ral scheme.
OUT-MARCH', v. t To march faster than; to
march so as to leave behind.
OUT-MfiAS'URE (-mezh'ur), v. t. To exceed in
measure or extent.
OUTMOST, a. Furthest in the extremity ; most
remote from the middle.
OUT-NUM'BER, v. t. To exceed in number.
< MIT-PACK', v. t. To outgo; to outwalk.
OUTTAR-ISH, 7i. A parish lyini? on the border.
OUTPART, n. A part remote from the centre or
main part.
B', v. t. To surpass or excel.
OUTPOST, n. A station at a distance from the
main body of the army ; the troops placed at such
a sta; [to pour out.
OUT- POUR' (-poreO, v. t. To send forth a stream ;
OUT-POUR'ING, n. A pouring out ; effusion.
OUT'liA To abuse by rude and insolent
language; to insult ; to injure by rou-li
ruent ; v. i. to be guilty of violent rudeness, or
commit exorbitai
OUTRAGK, 7i. Injurious violence offered toper-
sons or things ; exec- wanton mis-
chief. SYN. Insult; violence; enormity; offence.
OUT-RA'GEOUS, a. Exceeding all bounds >
'son, or decency ; guilty of crimes.
SYN. Violent; furious; exorbitant; enormous.
OUT-R.Vi'JEOUS-LY, ad. With violence.
OUT-RA'GEOUS-NESS, n. Violence; turbulence;
: enormity ; atr<><
Out of the usual limits ;
. ciilC.
-e as K ; G as j ; * as z ; OH as SH ; IHIS.
OUT-RIDE', v. t. To ride faster than.
OUT-RIDE', v. i. To travel about on horseback or
in a vehicle.
OUT'RID-ER, n. A summoner ; an attending
servant.
OUTRIG-GER, n. A beam projecting from a ship.
OUTRIGHT (out'rlte), ad. Immediately; directly;
at once; without delay ; completely.
OUT-RON', v. t. To surpass in running ; to ex-
ceed, as one's income.
OUT-SAIL', v. t. To sail faster than ; to leave be-
hind in sailing.
OUT-SfiLL', v. t. To exceed in amount of sales ;
to exceed in the prices, or gain a higher price for
things sold.
OUTSET, n. Beginning; first entrance on any
business.
OUT-SHINE', v. t. To excel in brightness, lustre,
or excellence.
OUT-SHOOT, v. t. To shoot beyond.
OUTSIDE, n. The outward part ; superficial ap-
pearance; external man; the utmost; a. on the
outside ; external ; exterior.
OUTSKIRT, n. Border; outpost; suburb.
OUT-SPRfiAD' (-spred'j, v. t. To spread open ; to
extend.
OUT-SPREAD'ING, n. The act of spreading over
or ditt'i,
OUT-STAND'ING, a. Not collected; unpaid.
OUT-STARE' (4), o. t. To surpass in staring; to
browbeat.
OUT'STREET, . A street in the borders of a
town.
OUT-STRETCH', v. t. To extend far ; to stretch or
spread out ; to expand.
OUT-STRfiTCH^D' (-strfitcht'), a. Extended;
spread out.
OUT-STRIDE', v. t. To exceed in striding.
OUT-STRlP', v. t. To outgo; to go beyond; to
exceed; to advance beyond.
OUT-SWEAR', v. t. To exceed in swearing.
OUT-TALK' (out-tawk'J, v. t. To exceed or over-
bear in talking.
OUT-VAL'OE, v. t. To exceed in value or price.
OUT-VIE', v. t. To exceed ; to excel ; to surpass.
OUT-VlL'LAIN, v. t. To surpass in villainy.
OUT-VOTE', v. t. To exceed in number of votes
given ; to defeat in the plurality oi
OUT- WALK' (out-wawk'), v. t. To walk
than ; to leave behind in walking.
OUTWALL, n. A wall on the outside.
OUTWARD, a. Being on the outside of ; what is
seen or at once known ; 1 bo the flesh or
body instead of the mind or spirit. SYN. Outer ;
visible ; extrinsic ; extcr ,
public; carnal; fleshly; corporeal.
OUTWARD, n. External form.
OUT'WARD, ad. Towards the outside, or from a
port or country, as outward-bound.
OUTWARD-LY, ad. Externally; opposed to in-
wardly ; in appearance ; not sincerely.
OUT- WATCH' (-wSch'), v. t. To exceed in watch-
ing.
OUT- WEAR' (4) (-ware'), v. t. To wear longer than
something else ; to pass tediously to the end.
OUT- WEIGH (out-wa'), v. t. To exceed in weight,
or in value and importance.
OUT-WlT, u. t. To exceed in design or cunning ;
to overreach ; to defeat by ingenuity.
OUTWORK (-wiirk), n. Fortification on the out-
side, most remote from the main fortress.
OUT- WORK', v. t. To surpass in labour.
O'VAL, a. Having the form of an egg ; elliptical.
SYN. Oblong; ovate; ovated; egg-shaped; n.
a body shaped like an egg ; ellipse.
0-VA'RI-OUS, a. Consisting of eggs.
. l-UM, n. ; pi. O-VA'RI-A. An ovary.
O'VA-RY, n. The place where ec-gs are lormed.
O'VATE, a. Egg-shaped, as a !
0-VA'TION, n. Among the Romans, a less formal
triumph; hence, some public honour bestowed on
aished man.
OVE
316
OVE
1, S, &c., long. I, S, &c., short. CASE, PAR, LAST,
(VVEN (ttv'vn), n. An arched place for baking, heat-
ing, and drying.
O'VER, prep. The radical idea is beyond, either in
height, denoting above, as over one's head ; or in
lateral extent, denoting across, as over the way,
&c.
O'VER, ad. From side to side ; more than ; above
the top ; on the opposite side ; beyond a limit ;
throughout ; in composition it denotes spreading,
covering above or across, above turning or changing
sides ; or more generally beyond, implying excess or
superiority.
O'VER, a. Being last; upper; covering.
0-VER-A-BOUND', v. t. To abound to excess.
0-VER-A-GT', v. t. To do or perform to excess ; v. i.
to act more than is necessary.
O'VER-ALLS (-awlzj, n. pi. A kind of long
trowsers.
0-VER-ANX'IOTJS, a. Anxious to excess.
0-VER-ARCH', v. t. To cover over with an arch.
0-VER-AWE' (o-ver-aw'), v. t. To restrain by awe,
fear, or superior impress or influence.
0-VER-BAL'ANCE, -u. t. To exceed in weight or
value.
O-VER-P.AL'ANCE, n. Excess of weight or value ;
something more than an equivalent.
0-VER-BEAR' (4), . t. To bear down ; to subdue
by superior force. SYN. To overpower ; over-
whelm ; whelm ; conquer ; subdue ; suppress ;
repress. See BEAR.
0-VER-BEAR'ING, o. Haughty and dogmatical ;
tending to repress by insolence or effrontery.
SYN. Imperious ; lordly ; domineering ; tyran-
nical.
0-VER-BlD', v. t. To offer beyond or too much.
O'VER-BOARD, ad. Out of the ship or from on
board.
O-VER-BttR'DEX (-bur'dn), v. t. To load to excess
or with too great weight.
0-VER-BOR'DEND, a. Overloaded.
0-VER-AST' (6), v. t. To sew over; to cloud or
darken ; to cast or compute at too high a rate.
0-VER--6AST', a. Clouded; overspread with gloom;
sewed over.
0-VER-AUTIOTJS, a. Cautious to excess.
0-VER-CHARGE', v. t. To charge or load to ex-
cess or too much; to crowd too much; to burden;
to enter too much into an account.
O'VER-CHARGE, n. Excessive load ; a charge too
great or beyond what is proper.
0-VER-LOUD', v. t. To cover with clouds.
O-VER-GOME' (-kum'), v. t. To get the better of;
to render powerless ; v. i. to be victorious. SYN.
To conquer. To overcome is to gain the superio-
rity or mastery in any trial of strength ; to con-
quer is to overpower and bring under pur control.
An enemy is conquered; an antagonist in argu-
ment, &c., is overcome.
0-VER-ON'FI-DENT, a. Too confident. SYN.
Rash; heady; headstrong; headlong.
0-VER-DO' (-doo'j, v. t. To do work or cook too
mtich.
0-VER-DO' (-doo'), v. i. To labour too hard ; to
make use of too much.
7ER-DOSE, 11. Too great a dose.
0-VER-DRAW, v. t. To draw orders beyond the
amount that is due, or for a sum beyond one's
credit in the books of a company.
0-VER-DRESS.fc'D' (-drgsf), a. Arrayed or adorned
to excess.
0-VER-DRlVE', v. t. To drive beyond strength.
0-VER-UOE', a. Past the time of being due, as an
orerd-ue note, the mail is orerdue.
O-VER-EAT', v. t. To eat too much.
0-VER-EX-C1TE'MENT, n. Too great exci to-
rn ent.
0-VER-EYE' (-!'), v. t. To observe; to superin-
tend.
f)'VEll . PALL, n. A steep fall of water.
0-VER-FA-T1GUE' (-fa-teeg 7 ), v. t. To fatigue to
excess.
0-VER-FEED', v. t. To feed to excess.
>pious; exu-
RAI.L, WHAT; THfillE, TflRM; MARINE, BIRD ; MOV,
0-VER-FLOW (-flo'), v. t. To spread over, aa
water ; to fill beyond the brim ; to cover, as with
numbers. SYN. To deluge; flood; inundate;
overwhelm : overspread.
0-VER-FLOW, v. i. To run over ; to be abundant.
O'VER-FLOW, n. An inundation ; deluge.
0-VER-FLOWING, a. Abundant; copiou;
berant.
0-VER-F LOWING, n. Copiousness: great plenty.
0-VER-FOND', a. Fond to excess.
0-VER-FREIGHT' (o-ver-frate'), v. t. To load too
heavily ; to fill with too great quantity or num-
bers.
0-VER-GO', v. t. To go beyond in extent, value,
numbers, &C.SYX. To surpass; exceed; excel;
outvie.
0-VER-GORGE', v. t. To gorge to excess.
0-VER-GROW (-gro') , v. t. To cover with herbage ;
to grow beyond ; to rise above.
0-VER-GROW, v. i. To grow beyond the fit or
natural size.
0-VEK-GROWN', a. Covered with herbage; risen
above ; grown beyond the natural size.
O'VER-GROWTH, n. Exuberant or excessive
growth.
0-VER-HANG', v. t. To jut or project over.
0-VER-HANG'ING, a. Hanging over or above.
0-VER-HARD'EN, v. t. To harden too much; to
make too hard.
O'VER-HASTE, n. Too great haste.
0-VER-HAST'I-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being too hasty ; precipitation.
0-VEK-HAST'Y, a. Too hasty ; precipitate.
0-VER-HAUL', v. t. To turn over and examine ; to
examine again, as one's accounts or doings; to
overtake ; to gain upon in a chase.
0-VER-HEAD' (6-ver-hed'), ad. Above; aloft; in
the zenith or ceiling.
0-VER-HEAR', v. t. To hear by accident.
0-VER-HEAT', v. t. To heat to excess.
VER-JOY', v. t. To transport with joy.
(/ VER-JOY, n. Joy to excess; transport.
O-VER-LA'BOUR, v. t. To take too much pains ;
to execute with too much care.
0-VER-LA'BOURED, a. Laboured or wrought out
to excess.
0-VER-LADE', v. t. To overload ; to overburden.
O'VER-LAND, a. Passing by land.
0-VER-LARGE', a. Too large ; too great.
0-VE .:-LAY'(-la'), v. t. To spread over; to smother;
to overwhelm ; to cloud or overcast ; to join twc
opposites by a cover.
0-VER-LAY'ING, n. A covering over the surface.
0-VER-LEAP', v. i. To leap over; to pass or move
from side to side by leaping.
O'VER-LEATH-ER (-I5th-er), n. The leather
which forms the upper part -of a shoe ; the upper
leather.
0-VER-LlB'ER-AL, a. Too liberal; too free;
abundant to excess.
0-VER-LlE', v. t. To lie over or upon something.
0-VER-LlVE', v. t. or i. To outlive; to live too
long or too well.
0-VER-LOAD', v. t. To load too heavily.
0-VER-LOOK'. v. t. To view from a higher place ;
to look over the shoulder ; to inspect ; to review ;
to neglect : to excuse.
0-VER-MAS'TER, v. t. To subdue ; to conquer.
0-VER-MATCH', . t. To prove superior to ; to be
too powerful for ; to subdue.
O'VER-MATCH, n. One of superior strength.
0-VER-MEAS'URE (-mezh'ur), n. Excess of mea-
sure.
0-VER-MOD'EST, a. Modest to excess ; basnful.
O'VER-MOST, a. Placed over
0-VER-MOCH', n. More than sufficient.
0-VER-MOCH', ad. In too great a decree.
O-VER-NIGHT' (o-ver-nlte';, n. Night before bed-
time ; in the night before.
O-VER-NIGHT, ad. During or through tL
0-VER-PASS', v. t. To go or pass over ; to oinitj
to neglect ; not to receive or include.
OVE
317
OVI
; EULE, BULL ; vl"ciocs. -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
O-VER-STEAIN', v. t. To strain or stretch to ac-
cess ; to make too great efforts.
IT-XT/ .. .- rr; s t ra in one's self too
To rise above ; to over-
DOVE, WOLF,
0-VER-PAS'SION-ATE, a. Passionate to excess.
0-VER-PA'TIENT (-shen;,, a. Patient to excess.
0-VER-PAY' (-pa'), v. t. To pay beyond the debt O-VEE-STEAIN', v. i.
or price. ' far.
0-VEE-PEO'PLE (-pe'pl), v. t. To overstock with 0-VEE-SWELL', v. t.
inhabitants. flow.
0-VER-PER-SUADE', v. t. To influence or per- O'VEET, a. Open to view; public; apparent, as
suade against inclination or opinion. overt virtue.-:, an overt essay. The word is now
O'VEE-PLUS, 71. What is more than is wanted ; ' chiefly used in law ; thus, an overt act of treason
surplus ; that which remains after a supply or I is distinguished froni a secret design.
beyond a proposed quantity. 0-VER-TAKE', v.t. To cjme up with; to catch;
0-VER-POISE' (o-ver-poiz'), v. t. To outweigh. to take by surprise.
O'VER-POISE, n. Preponderant weight. 0-VEE-TASK', v. t. To impose too much work
0-VER-POW'ER, v. t. To affect too strongly ; to | on.
bear down by iorce. SYN. To overbear ; over- 1 0-VER-TAX' v. t. To tax to excess,
come; vanquish; defeat; crush; conquer; sub- I 0-VER-THROW' (-thro'), v. t. To throw down ; to
due. turn upside down; to bring to destruction; to
be victoi-ious over, as a foe. SYN. To overturn ;
prostrate ; subvert ; destroy ; ruin ; overcome ;
demolish, which see.
O'VER-THROW, 71. The state of being overturned
or thrown off that on which it rests. SYN. Sub-
version ; ruin ; destruction ; defeat ; discomfi-
ture; degradation; downfall.
0-VER-THWART', a. Opposite; adverse; per-
verse ; crossing at right angles.
Time of labour beyond the
0-VER-PEESS', v. t. To bear upon with irresistible
force ; to overwhelm ; to crush strongly.
O-VER-PRIZE', v. t. To prize too highly.
0-VER-RATE', v. t. To rate too highly.
0-VER-EEACH', v. t. To go beyond; to rise above ;
to deceive by artifice ; to cheat.
0-VEE-REACH'ING, n. The act of deceiving;
a reaching out too far.
0-VEE-READT, a. Too ready. , c *o c ,^v,oo
0-VEB-BlDE', v. t. To ride beyond the strength (WEE-TIME, n.
of. I stated hours.
0-VEE-RlPE', a. Mature to excess ; too ripe. O-VER-TIEE', v. t. To subdue by fatigue.
O-VEE-EIP'EX, v. t. To make too ripe. O'VERT-LY, ad. Openly ; publicly; in open view.
O-VEE-EIP'EN, v. i. To grow too ripe. 0-VEB-TOP, v. t. To exceed in height.
0-VEE-RpLE', v. t. To influence or control by 0-VEE-TRADE', v. i. To trade beyond one's capi-
predominant power ; to control i tal, or to purchase goods beyond the means of
0-VEE-EUL'ER, n. One who overrules. payment, or beyond the wants of the community.
0-VER-RUL'ING, a. Exerting superior and con- O'VEET-UEE (o'vert-yur), n. Something offered
trolling power. SYN. Prevailing ; predominant ; for consideration ; a proposal ; an opening ; the
prevalent ; governing. j opening piece of some public act or an in troduc-
0-VEE-EdN', v. t. To spread or grow over ; to I tory piece of music.
march over; to ravage ; to outrun; to exceed; 0-VER-TURN', v. t. To throw over or down; to
to change the disposition of types, and carry those throw from the base or foundation; to destroy.
of one line into another, &c. ; to injure by tread- ! SYN. To overset ; overthrow ; subvert ; pros-
ing down ; v. i. to overflow ; to run over. trate ; ruin ; demolish, which see.
0-VER-RtIN'NING, a. Spreading or growing O'VER-TURN, n. State of being overturned ; act
over; ravaging; n. changing the arrangement! of overturning. SYN. Overthrow; upsetting;
of types; the act of overflowing or running i prostration; revolution; ruin.
over.
0-VER-SEA', a. Foreign ; from beyond the sea.
0-VER-SEE', r. t. To superintend ; to inspect.
iyVER-SEER, n. A supervisor ; superintendent.
0-VEE-SET, v. t. To overturn.
0-VER-SKT', v. i. To be overturned.
0-VEE-SHADE', v. t. To cover with shade.
0-VER-SHAD'OW (-shad'6), v. t. To cover; to
shelter ; to hide.
0-VEE- SHAD'OW-ING, o. Throwing a shadow
over ; protecting.
O'VEE-SHOE, n. An outer shoe ; a golosh.
0-VEE-TURN'IN G, n. An oversetting or throwing
down; destruction.
0-VEE-VAL'OE (-val'n), v. t. To value at too high
a rate.
0-VER-WEEN', v. i. To think too highly.
0-VEE-WEEN ING, a. That thinks too highly, as
of one's self. SYN. Arrogant; proud; conceited;
vain.
0-VEE-WEIGH' (-wa'), v. t. To surpass in weight.
SYN. Outweigh; preponderate; overbalance;
outbalance.
O'VEE-WEIGHT (-wate), n. Greater weight; pre-
0-VER-SHOOT', v. t. To shoot beyond the mark ; ponderance.
to go too far ; v. i. to fly beyond the mark. 0-VER- WHELM', v. t. To spread over and crush ;
O'VEE-SHOT, a. An overs/lot wheel is one that to immerse or bear down. SYN. To submerge ;
receives the water shot over the top on the de- drowa. ; overbear ; overcome ; subdue.
scent. 0-VEE- WHELM'ING, a. That immerses, drowns,
O'VER-SIGHT (-site), 7i. Watchful care ; an over- or crushes. SYN. Prostrating; overpowering;
looking or failing to notice. SYN. Superin- subduing ; conquering ; ruinous.
tendence; supervision; mistake; error; omis- 0-VER-WHELM'ING-LY, ad. In such a manner
sion. as to overwhelm.
0-VER-SKlF, v. t. To skip or leap over. O-VER-WISE', a. "Wise to affectation.
0-VER- SLEEP', v. i. To sleep too long. 0-VER-WORK' (-wurk'), v. t. To cause to labour
0-VER-SOON', ad. Too soon. i too much ; to labour beyond the strength.
0-VER-SPENT', a. Wearied to exc- . 6-Vl'0-LAR, a. Pertaining to an egg.
0-VER-SPREAD' (-spr^d'), v. t. To cover over; 0'Vl-DUT, 71. A passage for the ovum or egg
to spread or scatter over; v. i. to be scattered from the ovary to'the womb.
over. O'VI-FORM, a. Having the shape of an egg;
0-VEE-STATE', o. t. To state in too strong terms ; J oval.
to exaggerate.
0-VER-STEP', v. t. To step beyond ; to exceed.
O'VlNE, a. Pertaining to sheep.
O-VlP'A-ROUS, a. Producing eggs.
0-VER-STOCK', t>. t. To fill too full ; to supply with 0-Vl-PO-l"TION (-zish'un), n. The laying or de-
more than is wanted, as of seed, cattle, &c. positing of eggs.
o'VER-STOCK, 71. A superabundance. O-VI-POS'I-TOR, n. The organ by which an in-
0-VER-STOCKED' (-stokt), a. Filled too f ull ; sect deposits its eggs.
crowded ; furnished with more cattle than is ! O'Vl-SAG, 71. The cavity in the ovary which im-
wanted, as a farm. i mediately contains the eggs.
ovo
318
TAG
I, K, fi, &c., long. I, &c., s7wrt. ciBE, FAR, LAST, F\LL, WH.J.T ; TiifiuE, TIUOI; MARINE, BiED; MOVE,
greater or less extent in the atmosphere, and
supposed to be oxygen in a peculiar condition.
O-ZO-NOM'E-TER, n. A test for the presence of
ozone.
Having the shape of an egg.
A round moulding; quarter of a
(V VOID, n. The outline of an egg.
O-VOID'AL, } a '
O'VO-LO, n.
circle.
0-VO-VI-VlP'AR-OUS, a. Producing eggs contain-
ing the fetus alive.
&VUM, n. ; pi. O'VA. [L.] An egg.
OWE (6), v. t. To be indebted; to be obliged or
bound to pay ; to be obliged ; to ascribe to ; to
be due.
OWL, n. A well-known bird that flies at night,
noted for its hooting.
OWL'ER, n. One that conveys contraband goods.
OWL'ET, n. A little owl.
OWL'EYJSD (-Ide), o. Having large, full eyes like
the owl.
OWL'ING, n. The crime of conveying wool out of
a country contrary to law.
OWL'ISH, a. Like an owl in looks or habits.
OWL'-LIGHT, n. Glimmering or imperfect light.
OWL-LIKE, o. Like an owl in looks and habits.
OWN, o. Noting pi-operty or title.
OWN, v. t. To have the legal or rightful title to,
with or without the exclusive possession and use ;
to admit to belong to ; to acknowledge that some-
thing is true. SYN. To have; possess; confess;
recognise; admit.
OWN'ER, n. The proprietor; one who has the
title to.
OWN'ER-SHIP, n. Exclusive right of possession.
OW'SER, n. The mixture of bark and water in a
tan-pit.
OX, n.-, pi. OX'KN (ox'sn). A castrated male of the
bovine genus of quadrupeds.
OX-AL're, a. Noting an acid from sorrel.
OX'EYi'D (-Ide), a. Having large, full eyes like
_ those of an ox.
OX'IDE, n. A compound of oxygen and a base des-
titute of acid and salifying properties.
(JX'ID-ATE, c. t. To convert into an oxide.
OX-ID- A'TION, n. The operation or pro
converting into an oxide.
OX'ID-IZE, v. t. To convert into an oxide.
OX-Y-!HLOR'IDE, n. A compound containing an
oxide and a chloride ; a subchloride.
OX'Y-GEN, n. An elementary substance, in a
gaseous form, constituting the vital part of the
atmosphere, essential to combustion, and generat-
ing acids and oxide.
OX'Y-GEN-ATE, v. t. To cause to combine with
oxygen.
OX'Y-GEN-A-TED, a. United with oxygen.
OX-Y-GEN-A'TION, n. The act, operation, or pro-
cess of combining with oxygen.
OX'Y-GEN-lZE, v. i. To oxygenate.
GX'Y-GEN-lZED, a. United with oxygen.
OX-YG'EN-OUS, a. Pertaining to oxygen.
OX'Y-GON, n. A triangle with three acute angles.
OX-Y-HY'DRO-GEN, o. A name given to a certain
kind of blow-pipe, in which oxygen and hy-
drogen gases are burned together in order to pro-
duce an intense heat ; also a kind of micro-
scope.
OX'Y-MEL, n. A mixture of vinegar and honey.
OX-Y-MO'RON, n. A rhetorical figure, in which
an epithet of a quite contrary signilication is
added to a word, as cruel kindness.
OX-Y'O-PY, n. A preternatural sensibility of the
retina, producing acute vision.
OX'Y-TONE, a. Having an acute sound.
OX'Y-TONE, 11. An acute sound.
(V YER, n. A hearing or trial of causes.
OYEZ. [Fr. hear ye.'} A word used thrice in making
proclamation in court, requiring silence and at-
tention, pronounced 0-yes.
OYS'TER, n. A bivalvular testaceous shell-fish,
much esteemed for food.
OYS'TER-PLANT, n. Salsify, so called from its
taste when cooked.
O-ZE'NA, n. An ulcer in the nostril.
6'ZONE, . A gaseous substance, existing to a
P.
p the sixteenth letter of the alphabet, is a labial
* > consonant, formed by close compression of
the lips, without vocality, having only a whis-
pered or aspirated sound, which cannot be con-
tinued at pleasure. It is interchangeable with
/ and v, but especially b, which it closely resembles
in sound. It is silent in words from the Greek,
&c., as Psalm , but not in purely English words,
unless in receipt.
P. M. stands for post meridiem, afternoon.
PAB'tJ-LAR, ~)a. Pertaining to food; affording
PAB'C-LOUS, j aliment or nutriment.
PAB-U-L A'TION, n. The act of feeding.
PAB'0-LUM, 11. Food ; aliment ; fuel or means of
combustion.
PA'^/A, n. A small animal of South America, al-
lied to the Guinea-pig.
PACE, n. A step ; the space between two feet in
walking-, about two feet and a half; manner of
walking ; degree of celerity ; a mode of stepping
among horses by lifting at once the legs on the
same side.
PACE, v. i. To go ; to walk ; to go, move, or walk
slowly ; to go by moving the legs on the same
side together, as a horse by training, and the
giraffe naturally.
PACE, v. t. To measure by steps, as to pace a piece
of ground ; to regulate in motion.
PACED (paste), a. Having a particular gait ; going
all lengths. Both are used in composition.
PAC'ER, n. One who paces ; a horse that paces.
PA-CHA' (pa-shaw'), n. The French way of spell-
ing pashaw ; a Turkish governor or commander.
PA-CHAL'KJ (-shawl'ik), a. Pertaining to the go-
vernment of a pacha.
PA-GH-Y-DERM'A-TA (13) (pak-), n. pi. In zoology,
an order of thick-skinned mammalia which have
hoofs, but do not ruminate, including the ele-
phant, the mastodon, the horse, &c.
PA H-Y-DERM'A-TOUS, a. Having a thick skin.
PA-ClF'I-G, a. Peace-making; in a state of tran-
quillity. SYN. Appeasing ; conciliatory ; tran-
quil; quiet; calm.
PA-ClF'IG, n. The appellation given to the ocean
between America and Asia.
PA-CIF-I-! A'TION, n. Act of making peace.
PA-ClF'I-A-TOR, n. One who makes peace.
PA-CIFT-!A-TO-RY, a. Tending to make peace.
PAC'I-FI-ER, 11. One who appeases.
PAC'I-FY, v. t. To appease wrath or any violent
passion ; to allay agitation ; to restore peace to.
SYN. To calm ; still ; quiet ; soothe ; allay ;
compose.
PAC'ING, a. Measuring by steps; ambling, as a
horse.
PAC'ING, n. The act of measuring off by steps
or ambling.
PACK, n, A bundle; load; fifty -two cards as-
sorted ; a number of hounds ; a set ; a crew ; a
mass compressed, as a paclc of ice.
PACK, v. t. To press together; to make into a
bundle; to put up with salt, as pork, &c. ; to
pick a jury ; to send off in haste.
PACK, v. i. To depart in haste, with off; to join
for ill purposes, &c.
PACK' AGE, n. A bundle ; a bale ; a charge for pacr>
PACK'-ER, (20), n. One who packs pro
or bales, boxes, &c.
PAC'KUT, n. A small package ; a parcel ; a vess-el
for despatches or for passengers.
PACK'ET, v. i. To ply in a packet.
PACK'ET-BOAT. SCCPACKKT.
PACK'ET-SHIP, . A ship that sails regular^
DOVE, WtfLF, B90K ; Ktf LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS
between distant countries to carry letters, pas
fS, &C.
PACK'-HOESE, n. A horse to carry burdens.
PACK'ING, n. Any material used in packing o:
:ig close, air or water-tight; the art of pack
r stowing away.
PACK'MAN, n. A pedlar: one who carries a
pack on his back.
PACK'-SAD-DLE, n. A saddle for burdens.
-STAFF, n. A staff on which a traveller oc
aally supports his pack.
PACX'-THEEAD, n. A thread for binding par
PACK'-WAX, n. A tendinous substance or carti
i.n the neck of animals.
PAtJT. ) n. A contract: covenant or agree
PAG'TION, f ment.
PA^'TION-AL, a. Belonging to agreement.
PA-TI"TIOUS, o. Settled by agreement.
PA-TO'LI-AX, a. Pertaining to Pactolus, i rivei
famous for its golden sands.
PAD, 11. Any thing flattened or laid ; a soft sad
die, cushion, or bolster, stuffed with hair or
other substance ; an easy-paced horse ; a robber,
commonly foot-pad.
PAD, v. i. To travel slowly j to rob on foot ; tc
beat a way smooth ; v. t. to stuff with padding ;
to imbue cloth equally with a mordant.
PAD'DED, o. Stuffed with a soft substance.
PAD'DEE, n. A foot highwayman.
PAD'DING, n. Stuffing of a coat, saddle, &c.
PAD'DLE v. i. To play in water ; to row ; v. t. to
propel by an oar ; to punish with an instrument
called a paddle.
PAD'DLE, n. A small oar ; blade of a weapon ; the
broad board or slat at the circumference of a
water-wheel ; the feet of certain animals, as tor-
toises, &c., arc thus called.
PAD'DLE-STAFF, n. A staff headed with iron,
used by ploughmen to clear the plough-share oi
earth, &c.
PAD'DLE-WHEEL, n. A broad-faced wheel,
which gives motion to steam -boats by striking the
water with its slats or paddles.
PAD'DOCK, n. A toad or frog ; a small inclosure.
PAD'DY, TV. A cant word for an Irishman; rice not
divested of its husk.
PA-DI'SRA (-de'sha), n. A title meaning protector
or throne-prince, given to the Turkish sultan or
Persian shah.
PADLOCK, n. A lock to be hung on a staple.
PAD'LOCK, v. t. To fasten with a padlock; to
make fast. SYN. To shut ; confine ; fasten.
PAD-C-A-SOY', n. A particular kind of silk cloth.
PIE' AN, \ n. Among the ancients, a song of rejoic-
PE'AN, 3 ing in honour of Apollo ; hence, a song
of triumph or loud joy.
PJE-DO-BAP'TIST, n. See PEDOBAPTIST.
PMO N, n. A foot of four syllables.
PA'GAN, n. One who worships false gods ; an idol-
ater ; a. after the manner of pagans; idolatrous.
SYN. Gentile ; heathen. Gentile (from gens) was
applied to the other nations of the earth as op-
posed to the Jews. Pagan (from paganus, a vil-
lager) was the name given to idolaters in the
early Christian church, because the villagers,
being most remote from the centres of instruc-
tion, remained for a long time unconverted.
Heathen (Sax. licethne, one living in the country)
has the same origin. Pagan is now more pro-
perly applied to rude and uncivilized idolaters,
while heathen embraces all who practise idolatry.
PA'GAN-ISM, n. Heathenism; worship of false
gods.
PA'GAN-IZE, v. i. To convert to heathenism ; v. i.
to behave like heathens or pagans.
PA'GAN-IZED, a. Made heathenish.
PAGE, Ti. One side of a leaf of a book ; a book, or
writing or writings, as the page of history.
PACE, n. A boy attendant on a great person or on
a legislative body.
PAGE, v. t. To mark with numbers of pages.
PAL
. as K ; 6 as j ; a a.> z en as sir ; mis.
PA'GEANT or PAG'EANT, n. A spectacle;
pompous show; any thing pompous orsh"
intended for pomp or display. SYN. O
tious; showy; pompous.
PA'GEANT-EY or PAG'EANT-EY, n. Something
by way of ostentation or exhibition. SYN. Spec-
tacle ; show; pomp; finery.
PAG'I-NAL, a. Consisting of pages.
PA-GO'DA, n. Name applied by Europeans to a
Hindoo temple ; an image or idol ; a coin valued
at 8s.
PAIL (pale), n. A wooden vessel for water, milk,
&c.
PAIN (pane), n. Sensation of uneasiness ; labori-
ous effort ; punishment denounced or inflicted.
SYN. Distress; grief; pang; penalty; suffering.
PAIN, v. t. To make uneasy in body or mind.
SYN. To distress ; afflict.
PAIN'FUL, a. Causing pain, uneasiness, or dis-
tress ; full of pain ; requiring labour ; full of diffi-
culties. SYN. Distressing; afflictive; laborious ;
toilsome; difficult.
PAIN'FUL-LY, ad. With pain ; laboriously.
PAIN'FUL-NESS, n. Uneasiness or distress Ot
body or mind ; laborious effort or diligence.
SYN. Pain; affliction; sorrow.
PAI'NIM (pa/-), n. A pagan ; an infidel.
PAIN'LESS, a. Void of pain or labour ; easy.
PAINS'TAK-ING, a. Laboriously-industrious.
PAINS'TAK-ING, n. Labour ; great industry.
PAINT, v. t. To colour with a brush ; to represent
by colours or images. SYN. To picture; colour;
pourtray; delineate.
PAINT, v. i. To lay colours on the face ; to prac-
tise painting.
PAINT, n. A colouring substance ; a substance
used in painting ; colour laid on the face ; rouge.
PAINT'ED, o. Eubbed over with colours ; repre-
sented by colours ; described.
PAINT'EE, n. One who paints ; a rope used to
fasten a boat.
PAINT'ING, n. The act or art of forming figures
in colours ; a picture; colours laid on. See PIC-
TUBE.
PALbt (4), 7i. Two things alike in form, suited to
each other, or used together for the same pur-
pose ; a couple ; two of a sort ; a brace. SYN.
Set; flight. Originally, pair was not confined to
two things, but was applied to any number of
pares, or equal things, that go together. Ben
Jonson speaks of a pair (set) of chess-men ; also
he and Lord Bacon speak of a pair (pack) of
cards. A "pair of stairs" was, in like manner,
the original expression, as given by the earlier
lexicographers, Howell, &c., and is still in general
use, though flight was also introduced at a later
^period.
'A IE [pare), v. t. or i. To join in couples ; to suit.
AlE'-OFF, v. i. To depart from a company in
pairs ; in a legislative body, to agree in equal num-
bers from opposite sid<j3 on absence from a vote.
'AL'ACE, n. A magnificent house for a king, &c.
AL'A-DIN, n. A knight-errant.
'A-L^E-OG'EA-PHY, n. Ancient manner of writ-
ing; the art of explain ing ancient writings; the
study of ancient wri
A-L^-OL'O-GIST, n. Ouo who writes on anti-
quity.
PA-LJE-OL'O-GY, 7i. Treatise on ancient writings.
A-L^-ON-TOL'O-GY, n. The science of the fos-
sil remains of animals and plants now extinct.
PA-I IM,J7i. A huge extinct quad-
'A'Lffi-O-THERE,
tapir.
ruped, like a pig or
i'), ")n. A covered car-
S riage used in the
AL-AN-QUl'N' (pal-an-keen'), '
AL-AN-KEEN',
East, borne on men's shoulders.
AL'A-TA-BLE, a. Pleasing to the taste; agree-
able.
PAL'A-TA-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
agreeable to the taste.
PAL'A-TA-BLY, ad. Agreeably to the taste.
PAL
320
PAM
I, S. &c , long. A, fi, &c., short. CAR , PAR, LAST,
PAL'A-TAL, a. Pertaining to the palate ; uttered
by aid of the palate.
PAL'A-TAL, n. A letter uttered by the aid of the
palate ; as of g hard, and fc, in eg, ek.
PlL'ATE, n. The roof of the mouth ; taste ; re-
lish.
PA-LA'TIAL (-la'shal), a. Pertaining to the palate
or to a palace ; magnificent.
PA-LAT'I-NATE, n. The province of a palatine.
PAL'A-TINE, a. Pertaining to a palace; posses-
sing royal privileges.
PAL'A-TINE, n. One invested with royal privi-
leges.
PA-LATEE, n. Idle or deceptive words or talk ;
an African conference or deliberation. SYN. Talk;
discourse ; flattery ; adulation ; v. t. to deceive by
words or hold idle talk ; to natter.
PALE, o. Destitute of colour ; not ruddy or fres.h
of colour. SYN. White ; whitish ; wan ; pallid ;
dim ; faint.
PALE, n. A pointed board; a stake; an enclo-
sure; district; in heraldry, one of the honour-
able ordinaries in a coat of arms, like a palisado.
PALE, v. t. To enclose with pales.
PALE'-EYISD (-ide), a. Having dim eyes.
PALE'LY, ad. Wanly ; not freshly or ruddily.
PALE'NESS, n. Defect of colour; want of fresh-
ness or ruddiness ; whiteness.
PA'LE-OUS, a. Chaffy ; like chaff.
PA-LE-O-ZOTC, o. A name given to the lowest
fossil-bearing strata, and also to the lowest forms
of life.
PA-LESTRA, n. A place for athletic exercises.
PA-LES'TEI-AN,) a. Pertaining to the exercise of
PA-LES'TEI, ) wrestling.
PALE'TOT (pal'to), n. A light frock-coat ; a winter
frock-coat.
PAL'ETTE. See PALLET.
PAL'FEEY (pawl'fry), n. A small horse for ladies ;
a horse used by noblemen and others for state.
PA-LlL'O-GY, n. Eepetition of a word.
PAL'IMP-SEST, n. A parchment manuscript
written over a second time upon former erased
writings.
PAL'IN-DEOME, n. A word, verse, or sentence
trhat is the same when read backward and for-
ward, as madam.
PAL'ING, n. An enclosing with pales; a fence
formed of pales.
PAL'IN-GE-N-SIA, n. A second birth ; regenera-
tion.
PAL'IN-ODE, n. A recantation.
PAL-I-SADE', n. A fence or fortification of stakes
sharpened and set firmly in the ground ; v. t. to
fortify with pales or stakes.
PAL'ISH, a. Somewhat pale or wan.
PALL (pawl), n. A cloak or mantle of state ; a
covering for the dead ; a detent or click to check
the backward revolution of a wheel, windlass,
fee.
PALL, v. t. To cloak ; to cover ; to invest.
PALL, v. t. To lose strength or taste ; to become
insipid or vapid.
PAL-LA'DI-UM, n. A statue of Pallas; an effec-
tive defence ; protection ; safety ; a metal dis-
covered in 1803 by Dr. Wollaston.
PAL'LAS, n. The Grecian goddess of wisdom,
Minerva; one of the smaller planets between
Mars and Jupiter.
PAL'LET, n. A small, thin board on which painters
spread their colours, and hence applied to similar
implements used by others; also, part of a clock ;
also, a small bed.
PAL'LI-AL, a. Pertaining to a mantle.
PAL-LIASSE' or PAILL'ASSE (pal-yass'), n. Un-
der bed of straw.
PAL'LI-ATE, v. t. To cover with excuse ; to soften
by favourable representations, as to palliate a
fault, &c. SYN. To extenuate. We extenuate a
crime (from ex and tennis) when we endeavour to
show that it is less than has been supposed ; we
palliate a crime (fram pallium, a cloak) when we
FAiL, WHAT ; TH$BB, TJiBM ; MARINE, BlaD ; MOVE,
endeavour to cover or conceal its enormity, at
least in part. This naturally leads us to soften
some of its features, and thus palliate approaches
towards extenuate till they become nearly or quite
identical.
PAL-LI-A'TION, n. Concealment or extenuation
of the worst features of an offence. SYN. Mitiga-
tion ; alleviation; abatement ; lessening, &c.
PAL'LI-A-TiVE, n. That which extenuates or al-
leviates.
PAL'LID, a. Pale; wan; faint in colour.
PAL'LID-NESS, n. Paleness ; want of colour.
PALL-MALL' (pell-mell'), n. A game with ball and
ring ; a street in London, so called from being
famous as the place of such play.
PALL'OE, n. Paleness.
PALM (pam), n. A tree; inner part of the hand;
a hand's breadth, or measure of three inches.
PALM, v. t. To conceal in the hand ; to impose on.
PAL'MA-!HElS'Tl, n. [L.] A plant whose seeds
furnish castor oil.
PAL'MAE, a. Of the hand's breadth.
PAL'MA-TED, ") a. Having the shape of the hand ;
PAL'MATE, } entirely webbed.
PALM'EE, n. One who bears a palm ; one that re-
turned from the Holy Land bearing branches of
palm ; a pilgrim or crusader.
PAL'MEE-WOEM, n. A hairy worm.
PAL-MET'TO, n. A species of palm-tree.
PAL-MIP'EE-OUS, a. Bearing palms.
PAL'MI-PED, a. Web-footed ; having toes con-
nected by a membrane.
PAL'MIS-TER, n. One pretending to palmistry.
PAL'MIS-TEY, n. Act or art of telling fortunes
by the lines in the palm of the hand. [palm.
PALM'-OIL, n. A vegetable oil obtained from the
PALM' SUN-DAY, n. Sunday next before Easter.
PALM'Y, a. Abounding with palms ; flourishing ;
prosperous; victorious.
PAL-PA-BlL'I-TY, \n. Quality of being per-
PAL'PA-BLE-NESS, 5 ceptible by the touch.
PAL'PA-BLE, a. That may be felt ; easily percep-
tible or detected. SYN. Obvious; evident;
tangible.
PAL'PA-BLY, ad. So as to be perceived by the
touch; plainly; obviously.
PAL-PATION, n. Act of feeling.
PAL'PE-BEAL, a. Pertaining to eyebrows.
PAL'PE-BEOUS, o. Having large eyebrows.
PAL'Pl, n. pi. Certain organs in pairs, at the back
or side of the lower jaw of some insects ; feelers.
PAL'PI-FOEM, a. Having the form of palpi or
feelers,
PAL'PI-TATE, v. i. To throb or beat, as the
heart ; to flutter or move with little throws ; to
go pit a pat.
PAL-PI-TA'TION, n. A preternatural pulsation of
the heart.
PALS'GEAVE (pawlz'-), n. A count or earl who
has the superintendence of the king's palace.
PAL'SI-GAL, a. Affected with the palsy.
PAL'SIED (pawl'zid), a. Affected with palsy.
PAL'SY (pawl'zy), n. Loss of the power of mo-
tion ; paralysis.
PAL'SY, v. t. To deprive of the power of motion ;
to destroy action or energy; to paralyze.
PAL'TEE (pawl'ter), v. t. To fail ; to come short;
to shift ; to balk.
PAL'TEE-EE, n. One that palters or falls short.
PAL'TEI-NESS, n. The state of being paltry ;
meanness.
PAL'TEY, a. Destitute of worth ; characterised
by meanness. SYN. Mean; pitiful; trifling; des-
picable ; conte?7iptible, which see.
PA-LU'DAL, a. Pertaining to marshes.
PA'LY, a. Wanting colour ; pale.
PAM, 71. The knave of clubs.
PAM'PAS, n. pi. The vast prairies in South
America.
PAM'PER. v. t. To feed to the full ; to glut
PAM' PH LET, n. A book of sheets only stitched
together.
PAM
321
TAP
, WOLF, BOOK; R^LE, ByLL ;
PAM-PHLET-EER', n A writer of pamphlets.
PAM-PHLET-EER'ING, a. Writing and publish-
ing pamphlets.
3 "A N , 11. A broad vessel depressed in the middle ;
part of a gun-lock; hard stratum of earth; the
deity of shepherds.
PAN-A-C'A, n. A univeral medicine ; an hrb.
PA-NA'DA,) n. Bread and water boiled together
PA-NA'DO, J and sweetened.
P\N'AKE, n. A thin cake fried in a pan or on a
griddle.
PANCH'WAY, n. A four-oared passenger ooat of
Bengal.
i:K-AS, n. A soft gland of the body, be-
tween the bottom of the stomach and the verte-
bral column ; the sweetbread.
PAN-CRE-AT'IG, a. Pertaining to the pancreas.
PAN-DE'AN'-PIPES, n. A wind-instrument of
music made of gradually lessening reeds fastened
together side by side.
PAVDECT, n. A treatise which contains the
whole of any science ; the digested code of Eoman
civil law of Justiniau.
PAN-DE-MO'NI-UM, n. ; pi. PAN-DE-MO'NI-UMS.
The council-hall of fallen angels or evil spirits.
I'AN'DER, n. A pimp ; a mean wretch.
i'AN'DER, v. i. To act as an agent for the lusts of
others.
PAN'DER, v. t. To pimp or procure for others ; to
minister to wicked passions or desires.
1'AN'DER-ISM, n. The employment or vices of a
pander.
PAN'DIT, n. A learned Brahmin.
I'AN'UOOR, n. 'A kind of light-infantry soldier in
the Austrian service.
I'AN'DORE, ") n. A musical instrument of the
I'AN'DO-RAN, 5 lute kind.
1'ANE, n. A square or plate of glass ; a piece of
variegated work, as a counterpane, &c.
i ), a. Variegated ; composed in small squares.
PAN-E-GitR'IC (-jir'ik), n. Formal praise; a eu-
logy, which see.
PAN-E-GYR'I, ">o. Containing praise; en-
1 :-('iYR'I-AL, 5 comiastic.
i'AN'E-GY-RlZE, v. t. To praise highly; to com-
mend.
PAVEL, n. A square of wainscot; a roll of ju-
rors' names ; the whole jury ; a prisoner on trial.
. \i, v. t. To form with panels.
KLLED, a. Formed with panels.
i'ANG, n. Extreme pain, or sudden paroxysm
of extreme suffering. SYN. Anguish; agony;
distress; torture.
PANG, v. t. To distress with extreme pain ; to
cause anguish or torture.
. 'GO-LIN, n. The scaly ant-eater.
PANIC, n. A sudden fright without cause ; the
grain of the panic-grass.
PAN'I, a. Extreme or sudden ; applied tofri/jht.
PAN1~GLE, n. A species of inflorescence, in which
the flowers are scattered on peduncles, as in oats
and grass.
PAN'I-LED, a. Furnished with panicles.
PAN're-STRtFCK, a. Struck with a sudden panic
or fear.
' ' Y-MfJ'CVLATE, a. Having flowers in panicles.
N ADE', n. The curvet of a horse.
PAN'NEL, n. A rustic saddle ; a hawk's stomach.
See PANEL.
PANN'IER (pSn'yer), n. A wicker-basket; prim-
arily, a bread-basket to be carried on horses ; in
architecture, a corbel.
PAN'O-PLIED (-plid), o. Completely armed.
PAN'O-PLY, n. Complete armour for defence.
PAN-OP'TI-CON, n. A species of polytechnic in-
stitution .
PAN-O-RA'MA, n. Complete view; a circular
painting.
PAN-O-RAM'I, a. Pertaining to or like a pano-
rama or complete view.
PAN-SOPH'I-G-AL, a. Pertaining to universal
knowledge. iil
e as K ; G as J ; 8 as z ; CH as 3H ; THIS.
palpitate ; to long or ardently desire.
.NT, n. A rapid beating or palpitation.
| PAN'SO-PIIY, n. Universal knowledge.
PAN'.SY, n. A violet of three colours ; heart'u-ease.
i PANT (6), v.i. To beat rapidly, as the heart ; to
PA
PAN-TEH'Ni-CON, n. A place for the exposition
of every kind of workmanship.
PAN-TA-LETS', n. pi. Loose drawers for women
and children.
PAN-TA-LOON', n. A kind of long trousers; a
comic character or buffoon.
PANTA-GRAPH, n. An instrument for copying,
reducing, or enlarging maps or plans.
PAN'THE-ISM, 7i , The doctrine or system that the
universe is God.
PAN'THE-IST. n. One who believes in pantheism.
PAN-THE-1STH!, \a. Making the universe to
P AN-THE- 1 ST'I-AL, j be God.
PAN-THE'ON, n. A temple in Rome dedicated to
all the deities; in the classics, pun'the-on.
PAN'THER, n. A spotted ferocious quadruped.
PANT'ING, a. Breathing quickly ; n. rapid breath-
ing ; longing.
l'AN-T< > FLi; (pan-too'fl,), n. A kind of slipper.
PAN-TOM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure
elevations, angles, and distances.
PANTO-MIME, n. One that imitates by mute
action ; representation in dumb show.
PAN-TO-MlM'Ifc', ) o. Representing charac-
PAN-TO-MIM'I-AL, j ters and actions by dumb
show.
PAN'TON, In. A horse-shoe con-
PAN'TON-SHOE (-shoo), J trived to recover a
narrow and hoof-bound heel.
PAN'TRY, n. An apartment for provisions.
PAP, n. A nipple; soft food ; pulp of fruit.
PA-PA', n. Father ; a word used by children.
PA'PA-CY, n. Popedom ; papal authority.
PA'PAL, a. Belonging to the Pope ; popish.
PA'PAL-IZE, . t. To make papal.
PA'PAL-IZE, v. i. To conform to popery.
PA-PA V'ER-OUS, a. Resembling poppies.
PA-PAW, n. A tree and fruit of tropical coun-
tries.
PA'PER, n. A substance in sheets for writing or
printing on ; a single sheet, printed or written ;
any written instrument ; a promissory note or
bill of exchange ; hangings, printed or stamped.
PA'PKR, o. Made of paper ; thin ; sli
PA'PER, v. t. To hang or cover with paper.
PA'PER-RED'1T, n. Evidences of debt ; pro-
\ notes, &c., either public or private.
PA'PEEJSD (pa'perd), a. Covered with paper.
PATER-HANG-INQS, n. }>l. Paper ornamented
with figures for covering the walls of rooms.
PA'i'ER-MAK'ING, n. The art or business of
manufacturing paper.
PA'PER-MILL, 71. A mill in which paper is manu-
factured.
PA'PER-MON'EY, n. Notes or bills used for
money.
PA'PKR-STAIN'ER (-stan'er), n. One that stains,
colours, or stumps paper for hangings.
- CENT, a. Having the qualities of nap.
PAPE'TMIE (pap tree), n. [Fr.] A case contain-
ing materials for writing.
PA'PHI-AN (pa'1'e-an), o. Pertaining to the rites
of Venus.
PAP'IER-MA-CIIE' (pap'ya-ma-sha'), n. [Fr.] A
substance made of a pulp from rags, &c., and
cast in a mould, much used for ornamental work.
PA-PIL-IO-NA'CEOUS (pa-pil-yo-na'shus), a. Re-
semblincr a butterfly.
PA-PlL'LA, n. ; pi. PA-PIL'L^:. A smaU pap or
nipple; the termination of nerves, as on the
-ue.
LA-RY, } a. Resembling nipples; covered
1'A P'lL-LOUS, j with papils or little points.
PAP'IL-LOTJK, n. [Fr.] A small piece of paper on
which ladies roll up their hair.
PA'PL-T, . An adherent of the Roman Catholic
religion. SYN. Catholic. Papist is regarded by
PAP
322
PAR
I, fi, &c. t long. I, *, &c., s?iort. CARE, TAR, LAST,
those to whom it is applied as insulting; Catholic
is considered as conceding Protestant rights ;
Roman Catholic has been introduced as a compro-
mise, but it is a contradiction in terms.
PA-PlST'I-AL,->a. Popish; belonging to the
PA-P1ST'I, j Pope.
PA'PIST-EY, n. The Roman Catholic religion.
PAP-POOSE', n. A babe among the Indians.
PAP'POUS, a. Downy ; containing pappus.
PAP'PUS, n. Soft downy substance on seeds.
PAP'PY, a. Like pap ; soft ; succulent.
PAP'\J-L2E, n. pi. [L.] Pimples on the skin.
PAP'C-LOSE, 5 o. Covered with little vescicles or
PAP'0-LOUS, $ blisters.
PA-PY'RUS, n. An Egyptian plant; a kind of
reed of which paper was made.
PAR, n. State of equality ; equal value.
PA-RA', n. In Turkish money, the fortieth part of a
piaster, or about |d.
PAR'A-BLE, 7i. An allegory designed to instruct.
PA-RAB'0-LA, n. [L.] The section of a cone made
by cutting it with a plane parallel to one of its
sides.
PA-RAB'O-LE, n. In rhetoric, a similitude or com-
parison.
PAR-A-BtiL'KJ, ")a. Expressed by parallel or
PAE-A-BOL'I-e-AL.J similitude; having the
form of a parabola, or generated by the rotation
of a parabola.
PAR-A-BOL'ie-AL-LY, ad. By way of parable, or
in the form of a parabola.
PAE-A-BOL'I-FOEM, a. Eesembling a parabola in
form.
PA-RAiJ'O-LOID, 7i. The solid generated by the
rotation of a parabola about its axis.
PAR-A-CENTRie, ) a. Deviating from circu-
PAE-A-CfiN'TEI-ALJ larity.
PA-RACH'EO-NISM, n. An error in chronol-
ogy.
PAE'A-CHCTE (-shute), n. In aerostation, an in-
strument formed like an umbrella, to prevent too
rapid descent.
PAR'A-CLETE, n. A comforter ; advocate ; inter-
cessor. [_A term applied to the Holy Spirit.]
PA-EADE', n. A pompous exhibition ; a military
display ; the place for assembling troops. STN.
Ostentation. Parade is a pompous exhibition of
things for the purpose of display ; ostentation
now generally indicates a parade of virtues or
other qualities for which one expects to be hon-
oured.
PA-EADE', v. t. To assemble and arrange, as
troops ; to exhibit ostentatiously or for show.
PAR'A-DIGM, (par'a-dim), n. An example; a
model ; in grammar, an example of a verb con-
jugated, &c.
PAR-A-DIG-MAT'I, n. A narrator of the lives
of religious persons for examples ; a. exemplary.
PA-RAD'ING, n. The act of making a parade.
PAR'A-DlSE, n. Garden of Eden ; a place of bliss ;
heaven.
PAR-A-DI-SPA-43AL, o. Pertaining to Paradise
or to a place of felicity ; suiting or like Paradise.
PAR'A-DOX, n. A proposition seemingly absurd,
yet true.
PAR-A-DOX'I-!AL, a. Pertaining to paradox ;
inclined to tenets contrary to received opinions.
PAE-A-DOX'I-AL-LY, ad. So as to seem absurd
or be opposed to existing belief.
PAE-A-DOX'I-AL-NESS, n. State of being para-
doxical.
PAR'AF-FlNE, n. A tasteless, inodorous fatty
matter from the distillation of beech wood, tar,
bituminous coal, &c. ; tar-oil stearine.
PAR-A-GO'GE (por-a-giVjy), n. [6V.] The" addition
of a syllable or letter to the end of a word.
PAR-A-GOG'I, ) a. Lengthening a word by
PAR-A-GOG'I-AL, j adding a letter, &c.
PAR'A-GON, 7i. A model ; pattern by way of dis-
tinction, implying superior excellence.
PAE'A-GON, v. i. To compare ; to parallel.
PAR'A-GRAM, n. A pun ; play upon words.
FALL, WHAT; THftRE, TiRM; MARINE, BlRD; MOVE,
PAR'A-GRAPH, n. A distinct part of a discourse ;
any portion or section of a writing or chapter
which relates to a particular point, sometimes
marked thus If.
PAR'A-GRAPH, v. t. To write paragraphs.
PAR-A-GRAPH'IG, ) a. Consisting of para-
PAR-A-GRA PHT8-AL. j graphs.
PAK-A-LETP'SIS, \n. 'in rhetoric, a pretended or
PAR-A-LIP'SIS, j apparent omission.
PAR-AL-LA'TI, t a. Pertaining to a paral-
PAR.AL-LA<3'TI-AL,; lax.
PAR'AL-LAX, 7V. In astronomy, the change of
place in a heavenly body as viewed from different
points.
PAR'AL-LEL, a. Equally distant in every part;
having the same direction or tendency ; contain-
ing a resemblance through many particulars.
SYN. Equidistant ; like ; similar ; resembling.
PAR'AL-LEL, n. A line at the same distance from
another in all its length ; a line on the globe
marking the latitude ; comparison made ; resem-
blance ; a line of works drawn by besiegers in
making their advances.
PAR'AL-LEL, v. t. To preserve the same direc-
tion ; to resemble in all its essential points. SYJJ .
To correspond ; compare ; liken.
PAR'AL-LEL-ISM, n. State of being parallel.
SYN. Resemblance; correspondence; similarity.
PAR-AL-LEL'O-GRAM, n. A right-lined figure of
four sides whose opposite sides are equal.
PAR-AL-LEL-0-GRAM'MI, \a. Having the
PAR-AL-LEL-O-GRAM'MI-AL, J properties of
a parallelogram.
PAR-AL-LEL-O-PI'PED, ~) n. In geometry, a
PAR-AL-LEL-0-PJP'E-DON, J regular solid, com-
prehended under six parallelograms, the opposite
ones of which are similar, parallel, and equal to
each other.
PA-RAL'O-GISM, n. Reasoning in which a con-
clusion is drawn from premises that do not war-
rant it ; fallacious argument.
PA-RAL'O-GY, n. False reasoning.
PA-RAL'Y-SIS, 71. Literacy, a loosening; hence,
loss or abolition of function, whether of intellect,
sensation, or muscular motion ; palsy.
AR-l-'LYTll^AL, } a " Affected with P als y-
PAR-A-LYT'KJ, n. One who has lost the power of
muscular motion or who has the palsy.
PAR'A-LYZE, v. t. To affect with palsy ; to de-
prive of the power of muscular motion.
PAK'A-LYZED, a. Affected with the palsy; be-
numbed.
PAR'A-LYZ-ING, a. Palsying; destroying func-
tion.
PAR'A-MOUNT, o. Superior to all others ; of the
highest order. SYN. Chief; eminent; principal;
supreme.
PAR'A- MOUNT, n. The chief; the highest in
rank.
PAR'A-MOUR (par'a-moor), n. A lover; mistress.
PAR'A-NYMPH, n. A brideman ; a supporter.
PAR'A-PET, n. In fortification, a wall or rampart
for defence.
PAR-A-PHER'NA, ) n. pi. Goods of a wife
PAE-zV-PHEE-NA'LIA, J beyond her dower ;
appendages ; ornaments ; trappings, &c.
PAK-A-PHEE'NAL (13), a. Pertaining to or con-
sisting of paraphernalia.
PAE'A-PHEASE (par'a-fraze), n. A copious ex-
planation of some text or passage.
PAR'A-PHRASE, v. t. or v. i. To explain, inter-
pret, or translate with latitude ; to unfold with
more clearness the sense of an author.
PAR'A-PHRAST (-frast), n. One who interprets
diffusely.
PAR-A-PHRAST'I, \ a. Ample in explana-
PAR-A-PHRAST'IC-AL, $ tion.
) n. Palsy of the lower limbs.
PAR-A-QUET' (-par-a-kef), ") n. A small species oi
PAE-A-QUl'TO (-ke'to), J parrot.
PAR
323
PAR
I)6VE, WOLF, B9QK ; B^LE, BJJLL ; Vf'CIOTJS. -e as K ; 6 OS J ; 8 as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS,
PAR'A-SANG, n. A Persian measure of length
equal to nearly four miles.
-JENE', in. A
7 n. Among the Romans, th
KJ, in. Among t no itomans, tne
PAR-A-SCffNI-UM, j actors' dressing or green-
room, back of the theatre.
PAK-A-SE-L'NE, n. A circle round the moon ; a
mock moon.
PAR'A-$ITE, n. Literally, an eater with; hence, a
hanger-on ; one who fawns on the rich ; in Bot-
any, a plant that grows and lives on another.
STN. Svcophaut.
PAR-A-SlT'I, la. Having the characteristics
PAR-A-SlT'IC-AL, j of a parasite.
PAR'A-SOL, n. A small umbrella iised by females.
PAR-A-SOL-ETTE', n, A sun-shade.
PA-RATH'E-SIS, it. In grammar, apposition -, a pa
reiithetical notice in brackets, thus [ ].
PAR'BOIL, v. t. To boil partly or in a moderate
degree ; to cause little vesicles on the skin by heat
PAR'CEL, w. A small bundle ; part ; portion.
PAR'CEL, v. t. To divide into portions or parts ;
with seamen, to wind tightly with strips of tarred
S as a rope.
PAR'CE-N A-RY, n. Coheirship ; joint inheritance
PAR'CE-NER (piir'se-ner), n. A coheir; a copar-
cener.
PARCH, v. t. To burn the surface of; to scorch;
to dry to extremity ; v i. to be scorched or burned
on the surface ; to become very dry.
PARCHING, a. Having the quality of burning or
SCO1 V
PARCH'MKNT, n. The skin of a sheep or goat
dressed or prepared for writing on.
PARD, n. The leopard ; a spotted beast.
PAR'DON (par'dn), n. Forgiveness ; the release
of an offender; remission of penalty. See FOR-
--rss.
PAR'DON (piir'dn), v. t. To grant forgiveness or
remission of penalty STN. To absolve ; acquit ;
clear ; forgive ; excuse ; remit.
PAK'DON-A-BLE (p-ir'dn-a-bl), a. That may be
forgiven, overlooked, or passed by. SYN. Venial;
excusable.
PAK'DON-A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being par-
don
( JN-A-BLY, ad. So as to admit of pardon.
>ON-ER, n. One who forgives or absolves.
rAll'DON-ING, a. Forgiving ; absolving from
punishment.
PARE (4), v. t. To cut off the surface ; to shave off
with a sharp instrument; to diminish by little
and little.
PAR-E-GOR'I, n. A medicine that mitigates
pain ; a. mitigating ; assuaging pain.
PAR-EN'HY-MA, n. The spongy and cellular
tissue forming the interior part of the viscera ;
pith or pulp.
PAR'ENT (4), n. A father or mother ; that which
produces. SYN. Cause ; source ; origin ; pro-
ducer ; creator.
PAR'ENT-AGE, n. Birth; extraction; descent.
PA-RENTAL, a. Pertaining to or suitable for
parents ; affectionate.
PA-REN THE-SIS, n.; pi. PA-REN'THE-SES. A sen-
tence or phrase put in brackets ( ) ; the brackets
themselves.
PAR-EN-THT'I, } a. Pertaining to a paren-
PAR-EN-THET'I-AL,j thesis; included in a
ing parentheses.
:T'I-AL-LY, ad. In a parenthesis.
PA-IltNT'I-ClDE, n. One who kills a parent ; the
murder of a father or mother.
X T-LESS, a. Destitute of parents,
'. U, n. One who pares ; a tool for paring.
LIT (-par'jet), n. Rough plaster ; plaster on
walls.
PAR'(';ET, v. t. To plaster, as walls ; to paint.
PAR'GET-E R, n. A plasterer.
PAR-HL'ION (-hel'yun), n. A mock sun or me-
teor.
PA'RI-AH, n. The name of the lowest class in
Hiudostan.
PA'RI-AN, a. Pertaining to Paros in Greece.
PA'RI-AN, 11. A composition used for statuettes,
c., in imitation of marble.
PA-RI'E-TAL, a. Pertaining to or within the walls
of a building ; the parietal bones form t
and upper part of the skull, defending the brain
like walls.
PAR'ING, n. Rind or skin cut off; act of paring.
II, n. District of a priest ; a religious so-
ciety.
PAR'ISH, a. Pertaining to a parish.
PA-RISH'ION-ER, n. One belonging to a parish.
IAN (par-izh'yan), n. A native or resident
in Paris ; a. belonging to Paris.
PAR-I-SYL-LAB'ie, \a. Having like sylla-
PAR-I-SYL-LAB'I-AL, ) bles.
PAR'I-TOR, n. A beadle ; a summoner.
PAR'I-TY, n. Likeness in condition, degree, &c ;
equality.
PARK, n. A large inclosed piece of ground used
for keeping deer, or for public amuseineir
park of artillery is an assemblage of the heavy
ordnance belonging to an army.
PARK, v. t. To form or inclose in a park.
PARK'ER, n. The keeper of a park.
PAR'LANCE, 7i. Talk; convert
PAR'LEY, n. Conference ; oral treaty.
PAR'LEY, v. i. To confer together ; to trea*, with
an enemy.
PAR'LIA-MENT 'parle-ment), n. The lep
assembly, consisting of the two houses of Lords
and Commons.
PAR-LI-A-MENT-A'RI-AN, n. One who adhered
to the Parliament in the time of Charles I.
PAR-LIA-MENT'A-RY, a. Pertaining to Parlia-
ment ; enacted or done by Parliament ; accord-
ing to the usage of legislative bodies.
PAR'LOTJR, n. A room for conversation ; the room
a family usually occupies.
PAR-NASS'IAN, n. Pertaining to Parnassus.
PAR-NAS'SUS, n. A mountain in Greece sacred to
Apollo and the Muses.
PA-RO'HI-AL (pa-ro'ke-al), a. Belonging to a
parish.
PAR'O-DIST, n. One who writes a parody.
PAR'O-DY, n. A change or different application oi
words ; a burlesque alteration by which poetry,
written on one subject, is applied to another.
PAR'O-DY, v. t. To alter, as verses or wo
a different purpose from the original ; to carica-
ture or give a burlesque imitation.
PA-ROL', | a. Given by word of mouth, as pa-
PA-ROLE', $ role e/idence ; not written.
PA-ROLE', i n. Word of mouth ; pleadings : ;
PA-ROL', } to return by a prisoner rel
watchword in camp or garrison.
PAR-O-NO-MA'SIA, 7 n. A pun ; a play upon
PAR-0-NOM'A-SY, f words.
PAR'O-QUET, n. A small kind of parrot.
PA-ROT'ID, a. Noting glands below and before
the ears.
PAR'OX-Y$M, n. Periodical return of a fit.
PAE-OX-Y$'MAL, a. Pertaining to paroxysms;
caused by fits or paroxysms.
PAR'QUET-RY, n. The inlaying of small pieces of
wood in a floor of different figures.
PARR, n. The salmon till near the end of its se-
cond year.
PAR'RELS, n. Collars or clasps of iron or rope to
confine the yards to the mnst.
PAR-RI-CI'DAL, a. Pertaining to parricide ; com-
mitting parricide.
PAR'RI-CIDE, n. One who murders his parent;
the crime of murdering a parent.
PAR'ROT, 7i. A bird of rich plumage, remr,
for imitating the human voice.
?AR'RY, v. t. Toward off; to turn aside; to pre-
vent a blow from taking effect ; to avoid ; v. i. to
put by thrusts or strokes ; to lence.
PARSE, v. t. To resolve a sentence into its parts
by rules of grammar, or show their relations by
government or agreement.
PAR
324
PAS
1, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
PAR'SEE, n. A Persian fire-worshipper.
PAE'SEE-I$M, TO. The religion of the Parsees.
PAE-SI-MO'NI-OUS, a. Sparing in the use or ex
peuditure of money. SYU. Covetous ; niggardly
miserly; penurious; avaricious, which see.
PAE-SI-MO'NI-OUS- ~Y, ad. Sparingly.
PAE-SI-MO'NI-OUS-l.ESS, n. Disposition to save
expense.
PAE'SI-MO-NY, 7i. Closeness or sparingness in
the use of money. See ECONOMY.
PAES'ING, n. The act or art of resolving a sen
tence into its elements.
PAES'LEY (pars'ly), n. A plant used in cookery.
n - A plant ; an esculent root -
PAR'SON (par'sn), n. The priest of a parish; a
clergyman.
PAE'SON-AGE (par'sn-aje), TI. The house belong
ing to a parish or ecclesiastical society, occupiec
by the minister.
PAET, n. The leading idea is that of a portion as
compared with a whole, as part of the human body
hence, share, as "for my part;" side, as to tak
one's part, &c. In the plural, parts is used for
superior abilities. See PORTION.
PART, v. i. To divide; to share; to separate; to
quit ; v. t. to be separated or detached ; to quit or
foaway; to have a share; to be torn asunder,
o bid farewell. [share
PAE-TAKE', t?. t. To take or have a part ; to
PAR-TAK'ER, n. One who shares; an accom
plice ; a participator.
PAR-TAK'ING, 11. Combinatipn ; union in a de
sign.
PART'ED, a. Separated; divided; shared.
PAR-TfiERE' (lii) par'tare'), n. A flower-garden ,
the pit of a theatre.
PARTHE-NON, n. A celebrated Grecian temple of
Minerva.
PARTIAL (par'shal), a. Including a part only;
biassed to one side ; subordinate.
PAR-TIAL'I-TY (-shal'e-ty), n. Undue bias in fa-
vour of one party.
P?yE'TIAL-LY, a d. In part only ; with bias.
PAET-I-BlL'I-TY, n. Susceptibility of severance
or division.
PART'I-BLE, a. That may be severed ; divisible.
PAR-TIC'I-PA-BLE (-tis'e-pa-bl), a. That may be
participated.
PAE-TlC'I-PANT, a. Sharing ; partaking ; n. one
having a share or part.
PAE-TIC'I-PATE, v. t. To share ; to partake ;
v. t. to have a share in common with others ; to
have a part in more things than one.
PAR-TlC'I-PA-TlVE, a. Capable of participating.
PAE-TIC'I-PA-TOR, n. One who partakes,
PAE-TI-C1 I J 'I-AL, a. Having the nature and use of
si participle ; formed from a participle.
PAE-TI-ClP'I-AL-LY, ad. In the sense or manner
of a participle.
PAETI-CI-PLE, n. A word partaking of the pro-
perties of a noun and a verb ; sometimes it loses
those of a verb and becomes an adjective.
PAE'TI-GLE (par'te-kl), n. A minute portion of
matter or part of what forms the body or whole
mass ; a word not varied.
PAETI--e6L'OUEj&D. See PARTY-COLOURED.
PAR-Tle'C-LAE, TI. The leading idea is, standing
alone or distinct from others, as a particular in-
dividual, and hence remarkably nice or attentive
to minute points, as very particular in dress, &c. ;
<lnr ; minute, which see.
PAR-Tl-G'C-LAR, n. An individual or person;
point or circumstance.
,<:-0-LAR'I-TY, . Something peculiar;
single instance; part ; distinct notice or specifi-
cation of particulars; something relating to
persons ; minuteness of detail.
PAR-TI'C-LAE-IZE, v. t. To name particulars ;
to mention distinctly.
PAR-T1 <:J'Cr-LAR-lZE, v. i. To be attentive to sin-
gle things.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
PAE-Tl'tt-LAE-LY, ad. Distinctly; singly; es-
pecially.
PART'ING, TI. Separation; a breaking.
PART'ING, o. Given at separation ; departing ;
declining.
PAE'TI-SAN, n. A party-man; head of a party ;
one dexterous in operating against an enemy ; a
kind of pike or halberd. SYN. Adherent; fol-
lower ; disciple.
PAR'TI-SAN, a. Denoting those employed in irre-
gular warfare on outposts.
PAETI-SAN-SHIP, n. The state of being partisan .
adherence to a party.
PAE'TITE, a. Divided ; separated into parts.
PAE-TI"TION (-tish'un), n. The act of dividing;
division ; that which separates ; part where the
separation is made.
PAE-TI"TION (-tish'un), v. t. To divide into dis-
tinct parts or shares.
PAETI-TIVE, a. Distributive, as a Tioun partitive.
PAR'TI-TIVE-LY, ad. In a partitive manner; dis-
tributively.
PART'LET, n. A band or collar for the neck, which
was formerly worn by women ; a hen.
PART'LY, ad. In part ; in some measure.
PART'NER, n. One who partakes or shares with
another; associate in business; a joint owner of
stocks ; one who dances with another ; a hus-
band or wife. SYN. Associate; colleague; con-
federate; companion.
PART'NERS, n. pi. In a ship, pieces of plank
nailed round on the deck where the masts or
pumps are placed, to strengthen against their
pressure, &c.
PART'NEE-SHIP, n. Union or association of two
or more in business ; joint interests. SYN. Com-
..pany ; association ; society ; combination.
PAE'TEIDGE, n. A name given to a considerable
number of species of wild gallinacious birds ; a
large bombard formerly used.
PARTRIDGE- WQQD, n. A variegated tropical
wood.
PAE-TO'EI-ENT, a. Bringing forth young.
PAE-TU-R1"TION f-rlsh'un), TI. The state of being
about to bring forth, or the act of bringing forth
issue.
PAR'TY, n. A number of persons united in oppo-
sition to others ; a select assembly ; one of two
litigants ; a detachment of troops ; one concerned
or interested in an affair ; company invited to an
entertainment; a single individual spoken of
with reference to others.
PAR'TY, a. Devoted to a special interest, object,
or cause : peculiar.
PARTY-e6L'OUR.ED, a. Having a diversity of
colours.
PAR'TY-MAN, n. An adherent to a party.
PAR'TY-SPIRIT, n. The spirit that animates a
PARTY-WALL, n. A wall that separates buUd-
ngs or one house from the next.
PAR'VE-NU, n. [Fr.] An upstart; one lately como
into notice.
4S (pa;, n. [^V.] Step; right of precedence.
PAS'-GHAL (pas'ltal), a. Pertaining to the Pass-
over.
PA-SHA'. )n. A Turkish governor; a com-
PA-SHAW, j mander; a bashaw.
PA-SHAW'LI, n. The jurisdiction of a pashaw.
'A-SlG'RA-PHY, n. A system of universal writing
that all nations may understand.
li'QUIN } n ' A lam P on 5 satiric writing.
AS-QUIN-ADE', n. A satirical writing; v. t. to
lampoon.
ASS (6), v. t. The leading idea is to cause onward
motion, as to pass a thing forward ; hence, to go
over or beyond, as to 2'ass a river; to utter or
pronounce, as to pass sentence; to approve or
sanction, as to pass a bill, &c., &c.
ASS, v. i. The leading idea is that of f ranst'tion
from one place, state, &c., into another; hence,
PAS
325
PAT*
DOVE, WQLF, B9QK ; RfiLE, BULL; Vf'CIOtTS. -6 aS K J 6 as J ; 8 OS Z ; OH as SH ; IHIg.
to move onward, as the man passes ; to be cur
rent, as bank-notes pass; to vanish, as time
passes ; to go through a legislative body, as the
bill passes, &c.
PASS, 71. A passage ; licence to pass ; a thrust ; a
term for a manipulation in mesmerism ; state ;
condition ; extremity.
PASS'A-BLE, a. That maybe passed; receivable;
popular; tolerable.
PASS'A-BLY, ad. Tolerably.
PAS-SA'DO, n. A pass; push; thrust.
PAS'SAGE, n. The act of passing from one place
to another ; way by which we pass ; time occu-
pied in passing, as a passage of five days ; an oc-
currence, t. e., something that passes ; a pass or
encounter, as a passage at arms ; part of a book
or writing ; part of a building which gives access
to the different apartments ; the enactment of a
law.
PASS'-BOOK, n. A book in which a merchant en-
ters articles bought on credit for the knowledge
of the buyer.
ptlr D '} 0< Gone by ; enacted; done; received.
PAS'SEN-GER, n. One that passes; one that
travels by some established conveyance, as in a
ship, &c.
PASS'ER-lNE, a. Belonging to sparrows.
PAS-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. Quality of being passible.
PAS'Sl-BLE, a. Capable of being passed; toler-
able.
PAS'SIM, ad. [L.] Here and there ; every where.
PASS'ING, a. Having the quality of exceeding;
remarkable.
PASS'ING (6), 7i. Act of passing or going past.
See PASSAGE.
PASS'ING-BELL, n. The bell that rings at the
time of the death of a person.
PASSION (pash'un), 71. That which is suffered;
suffering ; peculiarly the sufferings of our Sa-
viour ; feeling or agitation of the mind ; violent
anger, &c.; desire; love. SYN. Feeling; emo-
tion. When any jeeling or emotion completely
masters the mind, we call it a passion, as a passion
for music, dress, &c. ; especially is auger (when
thus extreme) called passion. The mind, in such
cases, is considered as having lost its self-con-
trol, and become the passive instrument of the
feeling in question.
PAS'SION-ATE (piish'un-), a. Easily excited to
anger ; noting strongly excited feeling.
PAS'SION-ATE-LY (pash'un-), ad. In an angry or
vehement manner.
PAS'SION-ATE-NESS, TI. Aptness to be in a pas-
sion ; vehemence of mind.
PAS'SION-FLOW-ER (pash'un-), n. A plant and
flower, so called because parts of the flower are
thought to resemble the instruments by which
the Saviour suffered.
PAS'SION-LESS, a. Void of passion ; calm.
PAS'SION-WEEK (pash'un-), n. The week im-
mediately preceding the festival of Easter.
PAS'SlVE, a. Not acting; receiving impressions
from external objects ; not opposing. SYN. Inac-
tive; suffering; unresisting; patient.
PAS'SIVE-LY, ad. Without resistance; in a pa-
tient manner.
PAS'SIVE-NESS, n. Quality of receiving impres-
sions ; pntience ; submission.
PAS-SIV'I-TY, n. The tendency of a body to con-
tinue in a given state, either of motion or rest,
unless disturbed by another body.
PASS-LESS (6), a. Having no passage.
PASS'0-VER, n. A feast of the Jews, commemora-
ting the passing over of their houses when the
first-born of the Eg3 r ptians were slain ; the sacri-
fices offered at this feast.
PASS'PORT, TI. Literally, a permission to pass
and carry. In some countries, a document from
the police, without which no one is allowed to
trav el ; .figuratively, that which -gives easy admis-
sion or access, as a passport to good society.
PAST, n. Time gone by.
PAST, prep. Beyond in time, degree, <fcc. ; out of
reach ; after.
PASTE, n. A soft, sticky composition, as of flour,
&c., moistened : an imitation of precious stones ;
the substarce in which minerals are imbedded.
PASTE, v. t. To unite or cement with pa.ste.
PASTE'BOARD,n. A species oi thick paper ; bon-
net paper.
PAST'ED, a. Cemented with paste.
PASTEL, n. A piaut ; the woad.
PASTERN, n. Part of a horse's leg between the
joint next the foot and hoof.
PASTIL, ") n. A coloured crayon ; a
PAS-TILE' (-teel'), 5 kind of confectionery; a
fragrant composition burned to perfume ro'-ms.
PASTIME (6), n. That which amuses or serves to
make the time pass more agreeably. SYN. En-
tertainment ; play ; diversion ; amusement.
PAS'TOR, n. A shepherd ; minister of a church.
PASTOR- AL, a. Rural ; pertaining to or descrip-
tive of shepherds ; relating to the care of souls.
PA.STOR-AL, n. A poem on rural affairs ; au
idyl ; a bucolic.
PA&TO-RA'LE (-ra'le), n. [It.] A musical composi-
tion in a soo'.hing, tender style.
PASTOR-ATE, 11. The oflice or state of a pastor.
PASTOR-LY^' } a> Like or becoming a pastor.
PASTOR-SHIP, . The oflice of a pastor.
PASTRY, n. Pies, tarts, cake, and the like ; the
glace where they are made.
TRY--GQQK, 71. One whose occupation is to
make and sell pies, cakes, <fec.
PAST'UR-AGE, /i. The business of grazing cattle ;
food for cattle ; land for pasturing.
PAST'CRE (-past'yur), v. t. To feed with grass ; to
supply grass for food.
PAST'CRE, n. Land used for grazing ; grass for
cattle.
PAST'URE, v. i. To graze ; to feed on grass.
PASTY, a. Like paste or dough.
PASTY, n. A pie made of paste and baked with-
out a dish.
PAT, a. Fit exact ; ready.
PAT, ad. Fitly.
PAT, v. t. To tap ; to touch lightly with the fingers
or hand.
PAT, n. A light blow with the hand ; a small mass
beat into shape by pats, as a pat of butter.
PATCH, n. A piece of cloth, &c., for repairing a
garment ; a small piece of ground; a small piece
of silk used for covering a defect on the face.
PATCH, v. t. To put a patch on ; to mend ; to re-
pair clumsily ; to make up of pieces ; to make sud-
denly or without regard to forms.
PATCHED (-patcht), a. Mended with a patch or
cluni sily.
PATCH'ER, n. One who patches ; a botcher.
PATCH' WORK (-work), n. Bits of cloth sewed to-
gether; work composed of pieces clumsily put
together.
PATE, n. Head now used in ridicule.
PA-TEE'. > n. In heraldry, a cross small fn the
PAT-TEE', j centre, and widening to broad ex-
tremities.
PAT-E-FATION, n. The act of opening.
PA-TEL' LA, n. pi. PA-TL'LAS or PA-TKI/LJE. [L.I
The knee-pan ; a shell-fish with one valve ; a small
vase. [saucer.
PA-TEL'LI-FORM, a. Of the form of a dish or
PAT'EN, ~) n. The plate or vessel on which the
PAT'IN, $ consecrated bread is placed.
PAT'ENT, a. Open ; public ; spreading ; open to
the perusal of all, as letters-patent ; conspicuous.
PAT'ENT, n. Grant of an exclusive right to an
invention for a term of years.
PAT'ENT, a. Belonging or pertaining to patents,
as patent-office, laws, &c.
PAT'ENT, v. t. To make a public grant of; to
secure the exclusive right of a thing to a person,
as to patent an invention to the author.
PAT 32 G PAW
I, fi, &c., long. I, , <fcc., short. CAKE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TiRM ; MARINE, BiRD; MOVE,
PAT'ENT-ED, a. Granted by patent; secured b
patent or by law, as an exclusive privilege.
PAT-ENT-EE', 71. One to whom a patent is grantee
or privilege secured by patent.
PAT'ENT-OFFICE, n. An office for the grantin
of patents for inventions.
PAT'E-RA, n. ; pi. P!T'ER-^E. [I.] A broad bowl
a flat circular ornament.
PA-TER'NAL (13), a. Pertaining to or derivec
from a father ; fatherly ; hereditary.
PA-TER'M-TY, n. The relation of a father.
PA'TER NOS'TER, n. [L.] The Lord's Prayer.
PATH, n. ; pi. PATHS (pathz) . A way trod or beaten
by man or beast ; course of motion or of life.
SYN. Course ; track ; rules ; direction.
PATH, v. t. To beat or tread into a path, as snow
to cause to go.
PATH, y. i. To walk abroad.
IET'I, n. Style or manner adapted to
awaken the tender emotions ; in painting or sculp
ture, the expression of the softer or more sorrow
ful passions.
PA-THET'K!, > a. Affecting or adapted to
PA-THET'I-AL, j move the passions. SYN
Affecting; moving; touching.
PA-THET'ie-AL-LY, ad. So as to excite feeling.
PA-THET'ie-AL-NESS, n. The quality of moving
the tender passions ; pathos ; earnestness.
PATH'E-TISM, n. Mesmerism.
PATH'LESS, a. Having no path ; untrod.
PA-THOG-NO-MUN'I, a. Indicating that which
is inseparable from disease; characteristic.
PA-THOG'NO-MY, n. The science of the pas-
sions.
PATH-0-LOG'I, ->o. Pertaining to patho
PATH-0-LOG'I-AL, j logy.
PA-THOL'O-GY, n. The science of diseases, their
causes, &c.
PA'THOS, n. Warmth ; that which excites feeling
especially tender emotions.
PATH'WAY, n. A path ; way ; course.
PA'TIENCE (pa'shence), n. Calmness of spirit
under trials ; a suffering without discontent ;
constancy in labour or exertion. SYN. Resigna-
tion. Patience refers to the quietness or self-pos-
session of one's own spirit under sufferings, pro-
vocations, &c. ; resignation to his submission to
the will of another. The stoic may be patient ;
the Christian is both patient and resigned.
PA'TIENT, (pa'shent), a. Enduring without mur-
muring ; not easily provoked ; persevering j not
hasty.
P A'TIE N T, n. A person or thing that receives im
pressions; a person suffering disease.
PA'TIENT-LY, ad. Without discontent ; calmly.
PATOIS (pat'waw), n. [Fr.] A provincialism.
PA'TRI-AKH, n. A distinguished character
among the Jews ; the father and ruler of a fa-
mily; a dignitary of the Church superior to arch-
bishop.
PA-TRI-ARH'AL, a. Pertaining to a patriarch.
PA-TRI-ARH'ATE, \ n. The office, dignity, or
PA'TRI-AR-GH-Y, j jurisdiction of a patri-
arch.
PA-TRl"CIAN (-trfsh'an), a. Of noble family or
state.
PA-TRI"CIAN (-trtsh'an), n. One of a noble fa-
mily ; a nobleman.
PAT-RI-MO'NI-AL, a. Derived by inheritance.
PAT'RI-MO-NY, n. An estate derived from a father
or other ancestor ; a church estate.
PA'TRI-OT, n. One who loves his country or de-
fends its interests.
PA'TRI-OT, 7 a. Having love of one's country ;
PA-TRI-OT'I, $ devoted to the welfare of the
community ; full of patriotism.
PA'TRI-OT-ISM, n. Love of one's country.
PA-TRlSTie, > a. Pertaining to the Christian
PA-TRtS'TI-AL,J fathers.
PA-TROL', n. A walking round for protection, as
cf a guard in a camp or garrison ; a sending out
for observation ; the guard itself.
PA-TROL', v. i. To go the rounds in a camp or gar-
rison ; to make observation.
PA'TRON, n. One who countenances or protects a
person or cause; one who has the gift of a bene-
fice. SYN. Advocate; protector.
PAT'RON-AGE, n. Support; protection; guard-
ianship ; right of presenting to a benefice.
PA'TRON-ESS, n. A female patron.
PAT'RON-IZE, v. t. To give countenance, aid, or
defence. SYN. To support ; favour ; aid ; defend
uphold.
PAT'RON-lZ-ER, n. One who favours and sup-
ports.
PAT'RON-IZ-ING, a. Defending ; sustaining ; fa-
vouring ; promoting.
PAT-RO-NM'I!, n. A name derived from ances-
tors.
PAT'TEN, n. The base of a column ; a wooden
sole with an iron ring to keep it from the
ground.
PAT'TER, v. i. To strike, as drops of rain or hail.
PAT'TER-ING, n. A striking with quick succes-
sion of sounds, as rain or hail.
PATTERN, n. A model for imitation; quantity
of cloth sufficient for a garment, as a vest-pat-
tern,,
p ATTERN, v. t. To copy ; to serve as example ;
to pattern after, to imitate ; to follow.
PAT'TY, n. A little pie.
PATTY-PAN, n. A pan to bake a little pie in.
PAU'CI-TY, n. Fewness ; smallness of quantity.
PAU'LINE, a. Pertaining to Paul.
PAUL. See PAWL.
PAUNCH, n. The belly and its contents.
PAUNCH, v. t. To rip open the belly and take out
its contents.
PAU'PER, n. A poor person ; one supported by
the public.
PAU'PER-ISM, n. Requiring maintenance, as a
pauper ; state of being poor. See POVERTY.
PAUTER-IZE, v. t. To reduce to pauperism.
PAUZE (pauz), n. A cessation of action or speak-
ing ; a mark of cessation.
PAUSE, v. i. To cease to act or speak ; to be inter-
mitted. SYN. To stop ; stay ; wait ; delay ; tarry j
hesitate ; demur, &c.
AUS'ER, n. One that pauses or deliberates.
A VAN, n. A grave or stately dance among the
Spaniards.
PAVE, v. t. To lay or cover with stones or bricks;
to prepare a way or passage.
PA-VH' (pa-vaO, n. [Fr.] A pavement.
^AV-ED, a. Laid over with stones or bricks, as a
street, &c. ; prepared, as a way.
'AVE'MENT, n. A layer of stones, bricks, or other
solid materials ; paved way.
'AVER, ") n.. One who lays stones for a floor or
'AV'IER, 3 pavement.
'A'VI-AGE, n. A contribution or tax for paving
streets or highways.
A-VlL'ION Cpa-vil'yun), n. A large handsome
tent ; a building usually with a dome ; v. t. to
furnish with tents ; to shelter.
AVING, n. The act of laying a pavement j a
pavement ; paved floor.
AVIOR (pav'yur), n. A person who paves.
AV'0-NINE, a. Resembling the tail of a peacock ;
iridescent.
5 A'VO, n. A peacock ; a constellation ; a fish.
"AW, n. The foot of a beast j the hand [in con-
tempt].
J AW, v. t. To scrape with the fore foot ; to handle
roughly ; to scratch ; to fawn.
'AW, v. i. To scrape with the foot ; to draw the
foot along the ground.
AW ED (pawd) , a. Having paws ; broad-footed.
'AWL, n. A detent or click to check the backward
revolution of a wheel, windlass, &c.
J ,VWN, n. A pledge deposited as security for pay-
inent of money or fulfilment of promise; goods,
chattels, or money, but not real estate ; a common
man at chess.
PAW
327
PEG
D6VE, WOLF, BQQK; K^LE, BTJLL; VF'CIOUS.
PAWN, v. t. To pledge; to leave as security for!
money borrowed or a promise to be fulfilled.
PAWX'BBO-KER, 7i. One who lends money on
pledge or the deposit of goods.
PAWVBEO-KING, n. The business of a pawn-'
broker.
PAWN'EE, n. One who deposits a pledge. I
PAW-PAW, n. A shrub found in some parts of
America.
PAX, n. A little image which people before the
Reformation used to kiss alter the service.
PAX'- WAX. See PACK-WAX.
PAY (pa), v. t. [pret. and pp. PAID.] To discharge,
as a debt or d'uty ; to retort upon another an in-
jury received; to daub or besmear with tar, &c.,
as a ship's bottom, &c. SYN. To fulfil ; reward ;
recompense; return.
PAY (pa), v. i. To recompense.
PAY (pa), u. An equivalent given for money due,
goods purchased, or services performed. SYN.
Compensation ; reward.
PA Y'A-BLE (pa'a-bl), o. That may, ought, or is to
be paid; due.
PAY'DAY (pa'da), n. A day when payment is to be
made.
PAY-EE', n. One to whom a note is made payable
or to whom money is to be paid.
PAY'ER, 7i. One who pays or is bound to pay.
PAY'ING, n. A sea term for smearing a mast, yard
&c., with tar, pitch, &c.
?AY'MAS-TEK, n. One who is to pay; an officer
who pays.
PAY'MENT, n. Act of paying; thing given in
discharge of debt, fulfilment of a promise, or a
reward. SYN. Pay; compensation: wages.
PAY'NIM, n. See PAINIM.
PAY'-OF-FICE, n. A place where payment is made
of public debts.
PEA (pe), n. A plant and its fruit, of many varie-
ties, cultivated for food; pi. peas, signifying a
definite number of seed : but pease, for an indefi-
nite number in quantity'and bulk, and both pro-
nounced peez.
PEACE, n. State of quiet; freedom from war or
disturbance; heavenly rest. SYN. Tranquillity ;
calmness; harmony; rest.
PEACE, ex. or a noun, with a verb understood. A
word commanding silence ; hist.
PEACE'A-BLE, a. Disposed to peace ; in the spirit
of peace. SY.V. Peaceful. Peaceable describes the
state of an individual, nation, &o., in reference to
external hostility, attack, &c. ; peaceful, in respect
to internal disturbance. The former denotes " in
the spirit of peace;" the latter, " in the possession
or enjoyment of peace." A peaceable disposition ;
a peaceable adjustment of difficulties ; a peaceful
PEACE'A-BLE-NESS, n. The state of being
peaceable; disposition to peace ; quietness; tran-
quillity.
PEACE'A-BLY, ad. In a quiet manner; undis-
turbedly.
PEACE'FUL, a. Not in a state of war or commo-
tion ; removed from noise or tumult. SYN. Calm ;
quiet ; peaceable, which see.
PEACE'FUL-LY, ad. Quietly ; calmly.
PEACE'FUL-NESS, n. Freedom from tumult.
PEACE'-MAK-EE, TI. One who restores peace.
PEACE'-OF-FEE-ING, n. An offering to procure
peace or express thanks.
PEACE'-OF-FI-CEE, n. A civil officer to keep the
peace.
PEACH, n. A delicious juicy fruit.
PEACH, v. i. This old verb is now superseded by
impeach, except among thieves, &c., who use it
for inform against; it occurs frequently in the
novels of Scott.
PEA'CHICK, n. The young of the peacock.
PEACH'-eOL-OUE, TI. The faint pink colour of
the peach-blossom.
PEACH'-WQQD, n. A kind of wood used in dye-
in-.
-e as K ; a as J j 8 as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PEA'-GOCK, n. A fowl of beautiful plumage and
harsh voice.
PEA'HEN, TI. The female of the peacock.
PEA'-JACK-ET, TI. A thick woollen jacket.
PEAK (peek), n. The top of a hill; a point; the
end of any thing terminating in a point.
PEAK'ED (pek'ed or peekt), a. Ending in a point.
PEAK'ISH, a. Having features that look thin or
sharp from sickness.
PEAL (peel), TI. A loud noise or succession of
sounds.
PEAL (peel), v. i. or t. To utter loud sounds; to
assail with noise ; to celebrate.
PE AL'ING, a. Uttering a loud sound or succession
of sounds.
PE'AN, n. A song of praise or triumph.
PE'AN-ISM, n. The song of praise or of battle ;
shouts of triumph.
PEA/NUT, n. The ground-nut.
PE AE (4) , n. A well-known fruit of many varieties.
PEARL (13) (perl), n. A white, hard, smooth,
shining substance, found in the oyster. Poeti-
cally, something round and clear, as a drop of
dew or water ; a white speck or film growing oq
the eye.
PEAEL (perl), v. t. To set or adorn with pearls'
v. i. to resemble pearls.
PEAEL'ASH, n. Eefined potash.
PEAELED, a. Set or adorned with pearl; made of
pearls ; resembling pearls.
PEAEL'-EYED (perl'-Ide), a. Having a speck OQ
the eye.
PEAEL'-OYS-TER, n. The oyster which yields
pearls.
PEAEL'- WHITE, n. A white powder used at the
toilet.
PEARL'Y, a. Containing pearls ; abounding with
or like pearl. SYN. Clear; pure; transparent.
PEAE'-TEEE (4), n. The tree that produces
pears.
PEAS'ANT (pCz'ant), n. One who lives by rural
labour. SYN. Countryman; rustic; swain.
PEAS'ANT, a. Pertaining to or noting rural la-
bour ; rustic ; rural.
PEAS'ANT-EY,7i. Country people ; rustics.
PEAS'OD, ) n. The hull or pericarp of the
PEA'SHELL, ; pea.
PEASE (peez), n. An indefinite number of the
seed in quantity or bulk ; peas collectively.
PEAT (peet), n. A substance consisting of vege-
table matter, as roots and fibres, used for fuel
PEATMOSS, TI. A fen producing peat.
PEB'BLE, ~)TI. A round small stone; a
PEb'BLE-STONE, ) general term for water-worn
minerals ; witli opticians, transparent and colour-
less rock-crystal.
PB' BLED (peb'bld) , ~) a. Abounding with pebbles
3 <
PEB'B.LY,
or small, roundish stones.
PE-AN', ") n. A tree bearing an oblong smooth
PE-GA'NA, $ nut.
PE'A-EY. See PECCARY.
PEC-CA-BlL'I-TY, n. State of being subject to
sin ; capacity of sinning.
PE-e'A-BLE, a. Liable to sin or transgress the
divine law.
PE-A-DlL'LO, n. A slight fault or offence.
PE'!ANT, n. Guilty of sin or transgression ; not
healthy: morbid; corrupt.
P'!A-RY, n. A South American quadruped
nearly related to the hog.
PEC-CA'VI. [i.] I have sinned ; a colloquial word
used to express acknowledgment of an offence.
PfiCH'BLEN DE. See PITCHBLKNDE.
I'ECK, n. The fourth of a bushel.
PECK, v. t. [From beafc.] To strike with the beak
or something pointed, as to peck a hole ; to pecfe
at is to strike with small repeated blows ; to at-
tack.
PECK'EE, n. One that pecks; a bird that pecks
holes in trees, as a wood-pecfcer.
PK'TEN, n. A vascular membrane in the eyes of
birds; a genus of bivalves ; the clam.
PEC
328
PEN
n. A breast-plate j a medicine for
breast.
PE'TO-EAL
the breast.
PE-TO-RIL'O-QUY, n. A voice apparently pro-
ceeding from the chest through the stethoscope.
PE'tJUL, n. An East Indian measure equal to 133J-
pounds avoirdupois.
P<J'Cr-LATE, v. t. To defraud the public by tak-
ing property intrusted to one's care. [money.
PE!-tT-LATION, n. Embezzlement of public
PEJ'C-LA-TOE, n. One who takes for his own use
public property intrusted to him.
PE-eOL'IAK (-kiil'yar), o. Appropriately one's
own; not shared in by others. SYN. Special; es-
pecial. Peculiar is from the Eoman peculium,
which was a thing emphatically and distinctively
one's own, and hence was dear. The former sense
1, 1, &c., Zong.I, i, &c., short. ciKE, TAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TuflnE, THRM; MARINE, stBD ; MOVE,
|E'TIN-AL, a. Eesembling a comb. PE-DO-BAP'TISM, n. Baptism of infants.
PLG'TIN-AL, n. A fish whose bones are like the , PE-DO- BAPTIST, n. One who approves of infant
teeth of a comb. baptism.
PE-GTIN-ATE, \a. Resembling the teeth of a PE-DON'!LE (pe-dunkTd), n. The stem of a
PKG'TIN-A-TED, j comb. flower and fruit of a plant.
PE'TO-RAL, a. Belonging to or affecting the PEEK, v. i. To look through an opening, <!kc. ; used
for PKEP. (This is an old English word for peep,
still retained provincially.)
PEEL, v. t. To strip of skin or rind; to flay; to
plunder.
PEEL, v. t. To lose the skin or rind.
PEEL, n. Kind, bark, or skin.
PEEL, n. A wooden shovel used by bakers ; any
large fire-shovel.
PEELED, a. Stripped of skin, bark, or rind ; plun-
dered; pillaged.
PEEL'EE, n. One that peels ; a pillager.
PEEP, n. First appearance ; sly look, or a look
through a crevice ; the cry of chickens.
PEEP, v. i. To begin to appear ; to look through
a crevice ; to cry as a chicken.
PEER'EE, n. A chicken ; the eye.
_ PEEE, n. An equal ; companion ; nobleman.
always belongs to peculiar, as a peculiar style, pe- PEER, v. i. To come in sight ; to appear; to look
culiar manners, &c. ; and usually so much of the | narrowly ; to peep.
latter as to involve feelings of interest, as peculiar PEER' AGE, n. The dignity of a peer ; body of
care, watchfulness, satisfaction, &c. Nothing i peers.
of this kind belongs to special and especial. PEEE'ESS. n. The consort of a peer.
They mark simply the relation of species to PEER'LESS, a. Having no equal; matchless,
genus, and denote that there is something in this PEER'I,ESS-LY, ad. Without an equal.
case more than ordinary, as a special act of Pro-
vidence ; especial pains, &c.
PE-GOL'IAE, 71. Exclusive property.
PE--eUL-lAE'I-TY (pe-kul-yar'e-ty), n. Something
peculiar to a person or thing ; singularity.
PE-etfL'IAE-lZE, v. t. To make peculiar ; to ap-
propriate.
PE- CL'IAE-LY, ad. In a manner not common ;
particularly.
PE-UN'IA-RY (pe-kun'ya-ry), a. Eclating to or
cqupjisting in money.
, ' )_ n. In composition, the foot, as quadru-
>ed, centipcd, &c.
PEEE'LESS-NESS, n. State of having no equal.
PEE'VISII, a. Easily vexed ; expressing discon-
tent or fretf ulness. SYN. Cross ; testy ; irritable ;
captious.
PEE'VISH-LY, ad. In a fretful, cross, or petulant
manner.
PEE'VISH-NESS, n. The state of being peevish,
cross, and irritable.
PEG, n. A small wooden pin used for fastenings ;
the pins of an instrument on which the strings
are strained ; a nickname for Margaret.
PEG, v. t. To fasten with a wooden pin ; to insert
or drive pegs into.
r&uii,,} pea, centiped, &c. or drive pegs
PED'A-GOG-ISM, n. The business, character, or ! PfiG'A-SUS, n. A winged horsa
manners of a pedagogue.
PED'A-GOGUE (ped'a-gog), n.
school for children.
One who keeps a
PED'A-GOGUE (ped'a-gog), v. t. To teach as a peda-
gogue ; to instruct superciliously.
PE'OAL, a. Pertaining to the foot.
PED'AL, n. One of the large pipes of an organ ; an
appendage to an instrument for modulating
sound ; a fixed or stationary base.
PED'ANT, n. One who ostentatiously displays his
learning.
PE-DANT'KJ, )a. Ostentatious of learning;
PE-DANT'I-AL, $ conceited.
PE-DANT'K)-AL-LY, ad. With vain display of
learning ; with ostentation or conceit.
PED'ANT-IZE, v. t. To play the pedant.
PED'ANT-RY, n. Ostentation of learning.
PED'DLE, v. i. To travel and retail goods ; to be
busy about 1
PED'DLE, u. t. To sell or retail, usually by travel-
ling.
PED'DLEE, n. A travelling foot-trader.
PEU'DLEE-Y, 7i. Small wares carried by peddlers.
PED'DLING, n. The act or practice of going
about and selling goods on a small scale.
PED'ES-TAL, n. The base of a column or pillar.
PE-DES'TEI-AL, a. Pertaining to the foot.
PE-DES'TEI-AN, a. Travelling on foot; performed
on foot, as a tour.
PE-DES'TRI-AN, n. One who journeys on foot.
PE-DES'TEI-AN-ISM, n. The practice of walk-
ing ; walking for a wager.
PE-DES'TRI-AN-IZE, v. t. To practise walking.
PED'I-GEEE, n.; pi. PKD'I-GRBI.S. Genealogy;
lineage ; an account or register of a line of ances-
tors.
PED'I-MENT, n. In architecture, an ornamental '. F&N~v'."t. [preL and pp. PENNED or PJEUT.]
crowning of the front of a building. I up in a pen ; to coop ; to confine.
PEGGED (pt-gd), a. Fastened or furnished with
PEK'OE, n. A kind of black tea.
PE-LA'GI-AN, n. A follower of Pelagius, who de-
nied original sin, and asserted absolute free-will
and the merit of good works.
PE-LA'GI-AN, a. Pertaining to Pelagius.
PEL-A'GK!, o. Formed or deposited in deep sea,
as distinct from littoral.
PEL-AE-GO'NI-UM, n. A genus of beautiful plants
allied to the geranium.
PELF, n. Money ill gotten ; riches.
PEL'I-AN, n. A large water-fowl with a pouch
for food attached to its under chop; a chemical
glass vessel or alembic.
PE-LlSSE' (-leece'). n. A silk habit for a female.
PELL, n. A skin ; 'a hide ; roll in the exchequer.
PK L'LET, n. A little ball or round mass.
PEL'LI-LE (pel'le-kl), n. Thin external skin;
film.
PELL'MELL, ad. Confusedly; without order.
PEL-LO'CID, a. Clear ; transparent ; not opaque.
PEL-LU'CID-NESS, n. Clearness ; transparency.
PELT, n. Skin of a beast with its fur ; a blow.
PELT, v. t. To strike with small substances
thrown. [pelts.
PELTMONG-GEE (-mung-ger), n. A dealer in
PELT'EY, 7i. Skins of animals ; furs.
PEL'VI-6, a. Pertaining to the pelvis.
PEL'VIS, n. Lower part of the abdomen.
lEM'MI-GAN, n. Meat cured, pulverized, and
mixed with fat, for long journeys or voyages.
PEN, 7i. Instrument for writing ; inclosure for
beasts, fowls, &c.
PEN, v. t. [pret. and pp. PENNED.] To write ; to re-
cord with a pen.
To shut
PEN
329
PEN
D6vE, WQLF, BOOK; ROLE, BULL; vl"cious. 6 as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; cu as SH; THIS.
PE'NAL, a. Denouncing, inflicting, or suffering
punishment.
PEN'AL-TY, n. The pain or loss attached to the
commission of a crime or offence. Srx. Punish-
ment ; fine ; forfeiture ; censure.
PEN'ANCE, it. Suffering imposed or submitted to
as an atonement for sin.
P K- .V . I'TES, 7i. pi. [.] Kornan household gods.
PENCE, n., pi. of P^.N'NY, when used as a sum of
money.
PEN-CHANT (p;in-sh;ingO, n. [Fr.] Inclination.
PfiN'CIL, n. A small brush used by painters ; any
instrument for writing without ink ; hence, figur-
atively, the art of painting; collection of rays
which converge to one point.
PEN'CIL, v. t. To paint or draw; to write or
rk with a pencil ; to sketch with a pencil.
PK N OIL-LING, n. The act of painting or sketching.
PfiND'ANT, n. A jewel at the ear ; a small flag or
streamer at mast-head ; any thing hanging by
way of ornament ; a picture or print hung as a
companion to another.
PEN'DENCE, n. Slope ; inclination.
PEND'EN-CY, n. Suspense; state of oeing inde-
cided.
I'KND'ENT, a. Supported above; jutting over;
ins-
PEN-DEW TE LI'TE. [L.] Pending or during the
suit.
i>'ING, a. Depending; undecided.
PEND'C-LOUS (pend'yu-lus), a. Hanging; swing-
ing; fastened at one end, the other being mov-
able.
PEND'C-LOUS-NESS, ") n. State of hanging; sus-
PEND-C-LOST-TY, f pension.
PtfND'C-LUM, TV.; pi. PND'U-LUMS. A body sue-
pended and vibrating, as of a clock.
PEN-E-TRA-B1L'I-TY, n. Susceptibility of pene-
tration.
PEN'K-TRA-BLE, n. That may be penetrated.
1>EX-E-TRA'LI-A, n. pi. [L.] The interior parts
of any place ; hence, hidden things.
PEN'E-TKATE, v. t. Literally, to enter into;
hence, to see through or understand; to feel
deeply. SYN. To pierce; perforate; discern;
v. i. to pass ; to make way.
PEN'E-TRA-TING, a. Making way into; acute;
discer
PEN-E-TRA'TION, n. The act of entering into ;
power of looking deeply into a subject. SYN.
Acuteness ; discernment, which see.
PENE-TRA-TlVE, o. Having power to enter or
impress.
I UN (pon'gwin), n. A genus of sea-fowls.
PEN-IN'SU-LA, n. pi. I'I-.X-IN'SU-LAB. Land nearly
surrounded by water; a large extent of country
joining the mainland by a part narrower than the
tract itself.
PEN-IN'SU-LAR, a. Nearly surrounded by water ;
to or inhabiting a peninsula.
PEN-lN'SU-LATE, v. t. To encompass nearly with
water ; to form, a peninsula.
PEN'I-TENCE, ) n. Sorrow of heart for sins or
PEN'I-TEN-CY, 3 offences. SYN. Repentance ;
contrition ; compunction.
-TENT, a. Suffering sorrow on account of
sins or offences ; n. one who repents of sin.
PEN-I-TENTIAL, a. Expressing penitence ; pro-
ceeding from contrition; n. a book directing
penance.
PEN-I-TN'TIA-RY (pen-e-Wn'sha-ry), a. Relat-
ing to penitence ; relating to a penitentiary or
the mode of living there, as a penitentiary offence.
PEN-I-TEN'TIA-RY, n. One tliut prescribes rules
of penitence ; one that does penance ; a house of
correction and reformation.
I 1 1; N'l-TENT-LY, ad. With repentance for sin.
PEN'KJSIFE (-nlfe), n. ; pi. Pj*N'KHiV3. A small
knife for making pens.
PEN 'MAN, 7i.; pi. PI-N'HEN. One who writes a
good hand ; one skilled in or who teaches the art
of writing ; a writer ; an author.
PEN'MAN-SHIP, n. Art or manner of writing;
particularly, skill or excellence of writing.
I > M N X ANT, } n. A small flag ; a banner ; a tackle
PEN'NON, j for hoisting.
PEN'NATE, \a. Winged: having several leaf-
PEN'NA-TED,) lets.
PEN'NER, n. One who writes.
PEN'NIES (pSn'niz), n. ; pi. of P*N'NY. Copper
coins.
PE N'NI-FORM, a. Having the form of a quill.
PEN'NI-LESS, a. Having no money ; poor.
PEN'NON. See PENNANT.
PEN'NY, n. ; pi. PN'NIES, PNCE. A small cop-
per coin, four farthings, or the twelfth part of
a shilling in value ; a small sum ; money in gene-
Sl.
f'NY-A-LlN'ER, 71. A name of contempt for
contributors to public journals at very low prices,
as a penny a line.
PEN'NY-POST, n. One who carries letters from
a post-office, and delivers them in cities, &c.
PEiN-NY-ROY'AL, n. An aromatic herb.
PEN'NY- WEIGHT (-wate), n. A troy weight of
twenty-four grains.
PEN'NY-WISE, a. Saving small sums at the risk
of larger.
PEN'NY- WORTH, n. As much as can be bought
for a penny ; any purchase ; a small quantity ; a
PEVSILE (pBn'sil), a. Hanging ; suspended ; sup-
ported above ground.
PEN'SION (pSn'shun). n. A yearly allowance by
government for past services.
PEN'SION, v. t. To settle a pension on.
PEN'SION- A-RY (pSn'shun-). a. Maintained by a
pension ; consisting of a pension.
PfiN'SIONED, a. Having a pension.
PEN'SION-ER, n. One who receives an annual
allowance for past services ; a dependant.
PEN'SIVE, a. Literally, hanging down ; hence,
marked by serious reflection ; mingling thought-
fulness with sadness.
PEN'SIVE-LY, ad. With sadners or thoughtful.
ness.
PEN'STOCK, n. A place to confine water.
PKX'TA or PENT, pfx. Signifies five.
PENT, a. Closely confined.
PEN'TA-HORD, n. An instrument of music with
five strings, or system of five sounds.
PEVTA-GON, n. A figure having five equal
angles.
PEN-TAG'ON-AL, ") -: VA nTlfrlpa
PEN-TAG'ON-OUS, j a> Havm S five angles.
PE.N'TA-GRAPH, n. An instrument for drawing
or reducing figures in any proportion. More pro-
perly PANTAGISAPII.
'EN-TA-I
PEN-TA-HE'DRON, n. A solid figure having five
equal sides.
PEN-TAM'E-TER, n. A poetic verse of five feet.
PEN-TANG'GU-LAR (tSng'gu-lar), o. Having five
angles.
PEN-TA-PET'AL-OUS, a. Having five petals.
1- MN I'ARCH-Y, n. A government of five persons.
A-STICH (-stik), ?i. A poem of five verses.
PEN'TA-STtLE, n. A work with five rows of co-
lumns.
PEN'TA-TEtTH (pc-n'ta-tuk), n. The first five
books of the Old Testament.
PEN'TE-t,OST, 11. A festival of the Jews fifty days
after the Passover ; Whitsuntide.
PEN-TE-eOST'AL s n. Pertaining to Pentecost.
PENTHOUSE, a. A sloping shed or roof.
PE'NULT, n. The last syllable but one.
PE-NOLT'I-MA, n. The same as penult.
PE-N OLT'I-MATE, a. Of the last syllable but one.
It is sometimes a noun.
PE-NOM'BRA, n. A partial shade in an eclipse ;
in painting, the point of the picture where the
shade blends with the light.
PE-NO'RI-OUS, a. Very close in money matters.
- SYN. Close ; covetous j niggardly ; sordid ; ava-
ricious, which see.
PEN
330
PER
I, E, &c., long. I, E, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TKRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
PE-NU'RI-OUS-LY, ad. With mean parsimony.
PE-NC'RI-O US-NESS, n. A sordid disposition to
save money. SYN. Parsimoniousness ; covetous-
ness ; avarice ; closeness.
PEN'0-RY (pi$n'yu-ry), n. Great destitution or
poverty.
PE'O N, n. In Mexico, a debtor held by law to the
service of his creditor: in India, a. native con-
stable.
PE'ON- A.GE, n. Slavery in Mexico .
PE'O-NY, n. A plant and beautiful flower.
PEO'PLE (pe'pl), n. The body of persons compos-
ing a community ; persons in general ; persons of
a particular class. SYN. Nation. When speak-
ing of a state we use people for the mass of the
community, as distinguished from their rulers,
and nation, for the entire political body, including
the rulers. In another sense of the term, nation
(from natus) describes those who are descended
from the same stock ; and in this sense the Ger-
mans regard themselves as one nation, though
politically subject to different forms of govern-
ment.
PEO'PLE (pe'pl), v. t. To stock with inhabitants.
PEO'PLED (pe'pld), a. Stocked or furnished with
inhabitants.
PEPPER, n. A plant and its seed, aromatic and
pungent.
PEP'PER, v. t. To sprinkle with pepper ; to pelt.
P'PPER-ORN, n. A grain of pepper ; something
of little value.
PEP'PERED, a. Sprinkled with pepper; pelted;
spotted.
PEPPER-GRASS, n. A pungent kind of cress,
used for the table.
PGPPER-ID6E, TO. A tree with very tough wood.
PER'PEE-ING, n. A pelting with shot or blows.
PEP'PER-MINT, n. A pungent aromatic herb.
PEPPER- Y, a. Having the qualities of pepper.
PEP'SIN, n. A substance secreted in the stomach
of animals, and present in the gastric juice ; also
prepared from rennet.
PEPTIC, o. [Gr.] Relating to and promoting
digestion.
PER, a prefix, primarily signifies through or by ; in
chemistry, very or fully.
PER-AD-VENTORE (-vent'ynr), ad. By chance;
perhaps.
PER-AM'BtT-LATE, v. t. To walk round or over.
PER-AM-BU-LA'TION, TO. A passing over; a sur-
vey.
PER-AM'BtT-LA-TOR, n. An instrument to mea-
sure distances ; a light carriage for infants.
PER AN'NUM. [L.] By the year ; each year.
PER-CEIV'A-BLE (-seev'a-bl), a. That may be
perceived, seen, heard, &c.
PER-CEIV'A-BLY, ad. So as to be perceived.
PER-CEIVE' (per-seev'), v.t. Literally, to take;
hence, to gain knowledge of ; to understand ; to
receive by way of impression in the sight or mind.
SYN. To discern To perceive a thing is to ap-
prehend it as presented to the senses or the intel-
lect; to discern- is to mark differences, or to see a
thing as distinguished from others around it. We
may perceive a man and a woman afar off, without
being able to discern which is the one and which
the other.
PER-CEIVED', a. Known by the senses ; felt ;
understood; observed.
PER-CENT'AGE, n. In commerce, the allowance,
duty, or commission on a hundred.
M B, the bunded.
PER-CEPTI-BLE, o. That can be felt or per-
ceived.
PER-CEP'TI-BLY, ad. In a perceptible manner.
PER-CePTION, n. Act or faculty of perceiving,
or of receiving impressions by the senses, or the
notice which the mind takes of external objects ;
intellectual discernment. SYN. Idea; conception;
sentiment ; sensation ; observation.
PER-CEP'TlVE, a. Able to perceive.
PERCH, n. A kind of small fish ; a roost for fowls
a rod in long or square measure.
PERCH, v. i. To light, as a bird; to roost or sit;
v. t. to place on a fixed object or perch.
PER-CHANCE', ad. Perhaps ; peradventure.
PERCH'ERS, n. pi. Paris candles; large candles
set on the altar ; birds that light on trees.
PER-C [PI-ENCE, n. Act of perceiving.
PER-ClP'I-ENT, a. Perceiving ; able to perceive ;
n. one that perceives or can perceive.
PER'O-LATE, v. i. To pass through interstices ;
to filtrate ; v. t. to cause to pass through inter-
stices.
PR-O-LATION, n. A passing through inter-
stices ; filtration.
PER'O-LA-TOR, n. A filtering machine.
PER-USS',
To strike forcibly ; to strike in
order to ascertain the resulting sound.
PER-GUS'SION (-kush'un), n. The act of striking;
the shock produced.
PER-OS'SION-AP, n. A small copper cap con-
taining fulminating powder, used in a percussion-
lock to explode the charge of a gun.
PER-CS'SION-LOCK, n. A lock of a gun in which
fulminating powder is exploded.
PER-6U TIENT (-ku'shent), n. That which strikes.
PER DI'EM. [L.] By the day.
PER-D1"TION r-dlsh'un), n. Destruction; ruin;
loss of the soul.
PER-DO', > ad. Literally, lost; hence, in a state
PER-DtTE', > of concealment.
PER-DO', n. One placed in ambush.
PER-DC 7 , a. Abandoned; desperate.
PER'E-GRI-NATE, v. i. To travel from country to
country ; to live in a foreign country.
PER-E-GRI-NA'TION, TO. A travelling from coun-
try to country ; abode in a foreign country.
PER'E-GRI-NA-TOR, n. A traveller into foreign
countries.
PER'E-GRlNE, a. Foreign ; not native.
PR'EMP-TO-RI-LY, ad. Absolutely ; positively.
PER'EMP-TO-RI-NESS, n. Positiveness ; abso-
lute decision ; dogmatism.
PER'EMP-TO-RY, a. Precluding debate; positive
in opinion or judgment ; absolute, as a peremp-
tory challenge or sale.
PER-EN'NI'AL, a. Literally, through or beyond a
year; hence, lasting perpetually. A perennial
plant is one that lasts more than two years.
PER-EN'NI-AL-LY, ad. Continually; without
PER-EN'NI-TY, n. Duration through the year;
continued duration.
PER'FET, a. Literally, filled completely out;
hence, having all that is requisite to the com-
pleteness of its nature or kind; not defective.
SYN. Complete ; entire.
PfiR'FE!T or PER-FEOT 7 (13;, v. t. To carry for-
ward to completeness. SYN. To finish; to con-
summate.
PR'FE!T-ED, a. Made complete.
PER-FE-TI-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of becoming
perfect.
PER-FET'I-BLE, a. That may be made perfect.
PER-FE!'TION (-fek'shun), n. The state of being
complete or perfect.
PER-F!'TION-I$M, n. The doctriues of perfec-
tionists.
PER-F'TION-IST, TO. One who maintains that
moral perfection can be and is attained in this
life.
PER-FTlVE, a. Conducive to perfection.
PER-FT 1VE-LY, ad. So as to conduce to per-
fection, [excellence.
PfiR'FET-LY (13), ad. In the highest degree of
PR'FET-NESS, n. Consummate excellence ; ac-
curate skill ; the highest degree of goodness or
holiness.
PER-F1"CIENT C-ftsh'ent), n. One who endows a
charity; a performer.
PER-FlD'I-OUS, o. False to trust or confidence;
treacherous.
PER
331
PER
D6VE, WOLF, B99K. ; JULE, BULL; Vl"dOUS. -6 as K ; G as J ; S 0.3 Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PER-FlD'I-OUS-NESS, n. The state of being per-
LOUB.
PER'FI-DY, n. Violation of faith or of trust.
SYS. Treachery; faithlessness; disloyalty; in-
fidelity.
PER'FO-RATE, v. t. To bore or pierce through.
PER-FO-RA'TION, n. Act of boring through ; a
hole or aperture passing through any thing.
PER'FO-RA-TlVE, a. Having power to pierce.
PER'FO-BA-TOR, n. An instrument that perfo-
rates ; a borer.
PER-FORCE', ad. By force or violence.
PER-FORM', v. t. To carry out; to carry into
effect. SYN. To fulfil ; execute ; accomplish.
PER-FORM', v. i. To act a part, as, a player per-
forms welL
PER-FORM' A-BLE, a. That can be done : practi-
cable.
PER-FORM'ANCE, n. Act of performing ; that
which is done ; the acting or exhibition of char-
acter or feats on a stage ; any thing composed or
written. SYN. Completion ; consummation ; exe-
cution ; accomplishment ; achievement.
PER-FORM'ER, n. One that performs ; a player.
PER'FOME, n. A sweet scent, or the substance
emitting it.
PER-FOME', v. t. To fill or impregnate with sweet
odour.
PER-FtfM'ER, n. He who, or that which perfumes ;
a seller of perfumes.
PER-FOM'EH-Y, n. Perfumes in general.
PER-FUN-6'TO-RY, a. Literally, for the sake of
getting through ; hence, in a manner to satisfy
external form ; careless ; negligent.
PER-F0SE' (-fuze'), v. t. To sprinkle ; to spread
over.
PER-FC'SlVE, a. Adapted to spread or sprinkle ;
overspreading; diffusive.
PER-HAPS', ad. By chance ; it may be.
PE'Rl (pe'ry),n. In the East, a spirit supposed to
be excluded from Paradise for some fault till
penance is accomplished.
PER-I-AIl'DI-AN, a. Relating to the pericar-
dium.
PER-I-AR'DI-UM, n. A membrane inclosing the
heart.
PKK l-< 'ARP, n. The seed-vessel of a plant.
PER-I-RA'NI-UM, n. The membrane investing
the skull.
PER-I-E'CIAN (-e'shan), n. An inhabitant on the
opposite side of the globe in the same latitude.
PEE'I-GEE, ") n. That point where the moon in
PER-I-GE'UM, j its orbit is nearest the earth.
PER'I-GRAPH, n. An inaccurate delineation.
PER-I-HEL'ION, I n.; pi. PKB-I-HJS'LI-A. The
PER-I-HE'LI-UM, j point in a planet's orbit
nearest the sun.
PERIL, n. Exposure to injury or loss. See DAN-
GER.
L, v. t. To expose to danger.
i., r. i. To be in danger.
PER'IL-OUS, o. Full of danger or risk.
PER'IL-OUS-LY, ad. With danger or hazard.
PER'IL-OUS-NESS, n. State of being dangerous.
PE-RIM'E-TEK, n. In geometry, the limits of a
border or figure, or the sum of all the sides.
PE'RI-OD, n. Liicrally, a going round ; hence, the
time in which any thing is performed, as a period
of years ; a complete sentence, or the point that
marks its close. SYN. Circuit; time; date;
epoch.
PE-RI-OD1-AL, a. Pertaining to or noting a
period ; at stated intervals, as a periodical sick-
ness ; 7i. a magazine, &c., published at stated in-
ter v
PE-RI-OD'I-AL-LY, ad. At stated periods.
PE-RI-O-D1C'I-TY (-dis'e-ty), n. The state of hav-
ing regular periods in changes or conditions.
PEli-I-OS'TE-UM, n. The membrane covering the
bones.
PER-I-PA-TETK!, o. Pertaining to Aristotle's
philosophy.
PER-I-PA-TETTC, n. A follower of Aristotle.
PE-RlPH'ER-Y (pe-rifer-y), n. The circumference
of any regular curvilinear figure.
PER'I-PHRASE (-froze), n. A roundabout mode of
expression ; a circumlocution.
PER'I-PHRASE, v. t. To express by many words.
PERT-PHKASE, v. i. To use circumlocution.
PER-I-PHKAS'Tie, > o. Expressing or express-
PER-I-PHRAS'TKJ-AL, f ed in many words.
PER-IP-NECT-MONTe, a. Pertaining to peripneu-
mony.
PER-IP-NEU'MO-NY, a. Inflammation of the
lungs.
PE-RlP'TER-AL, a. Having columns on all sides.
PE-RIP'TER-OUS, a. Feathered on all sides.
PE-K I S'CIAN (pe-rish'yan), n. > An inhabitant of
PE-RlS CI-I (pe-rish'e-i, 71. pi. j a frigid zone,
whose shadow moves round, and during the day
falls on every point of the compass.
PER'I-SC'OPE, 7i. A general view.
PEtt-I-SeOP'I, a. Viewing on all sides; applied
to a kind of glasses for spectacles, which increase
the distinctness of objects seen obliquely.
PER'ISH, v. i. To loose life in any mariner ; to
wither and decay; to be destroyed; to be lost
eternally.
PfiR'IS 1 1 -A-BLE, a. Liable to perish.
PER'ISH-A-BLE-NESS, n. Liableness to perish.
PEli'ISH-A-BLY, ad. In a perishable manner.
PER ISH-ING, a. Losing life ; wasting away.
PER-I-SPHER'LG, a. Having the form of a ball.
PER-I-STAL'TI, a. Spiral ; wormlike.
PER-I-STREPH'1, a. Turning round, rotating, ot
revolving.
PER'I-STYLE, n. A range of columns round a
buil dins-.
PER-I-TO-NE'TJM, n. A thin membrane investing
the whole internal surface of the abdomen, &c.
PR'I-WIG, 7i. A cap of false hair; a small wig.
PER'I-WIG, v. t. To dress with a cap of false hair.
PER'I-WLNK-LE (per're-wiuk-kl), n. A sea snail
or shell ; a plant.
PER'JURE (13) (per'jur), v. t. To take a false oath
wilfully when lawfully administered. SYN. To
forswear. Forswear applies to all kinds of oaths ;
perjure to those administered by a civil magistrate.
A subject forswears himself when he breaks his
oath of allegiance ; a witness perjures himself
when he swears to what he knows to be false.
PER'JUR-ED, o. Guilty of perjury.
PER'JUR-ER, 7i. One guilty of perjury.
PER'JU-KY, 7--. The act or crime of wilfully taking
a false oath when lawfully administered.
PERK, a. Holding up the head ; hence, smart,
prim.
PERK, v. i. To hold up the head as if smart ; v. t.
to make smart; to make trim; to dress up.
PER'MA-NENCE, \n. Continuance in the same
PE I c'M A-NEN-C Y, > state or place ; fixedness.
PER'MA-NENT, o. Continuing in the same state
or without change. SYN. Durable ; lasting, which
PEB'MA-JTENT-LY, L Durably; with fixedness.
PER'MK-A-BLE, a. That may be passed through
without rupture of parts.
PER'ME-ATE, v. i. To pass through the interstices
or pores of a body.
PER-ME-A'TION, n. The act of passing through
the pores or interstices of a body.
PER-MIS'CI-BLE, a. That may be mixed.
PER-MiS'SI-BLE, a. That may be allowed.
PER-MlS'SION (-mMiun), n. Leave i,o do some-
thing; licence granted. SSN. Allowance; licence.
See LEAVE.
PER-MlS'SlVE, a. Allowing; granting; suffering.
PER-MIS'SIVE-LY, ad. By permission ; without
hinderance.
PER-MiSTION (-niist'yun), \ n. A mingling;
PER-MIX'TION (-mikst'yun), J state of being
mixed.
PER-MlT', v. t. To give leave; to license. SYX.
To allow. To permit is more positive, denoting
PER
332
PER
I, fi. &c., long. I, fl, &c., short. CAUE, FAR, LAST, FXLL, WHAT; THRE, TBRM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
PEE-SlM'MON, n. A tree with fruit like a plum,
which is harsh when immature, but agreeable
when ripe.
PEE-SlST', v. i. To continue firm; to persevere,
which see.
a decided assent, either directly or by implica-
tion ; to allow is more negative, and imports
only acquiescence or an abstinence from preven
tion. We may be compelled by circumstances to
allow some things which we would by no means
directly permit.
PEE'MIT or PEE-MlT 7 , n. A warrant in writing ;
a licence.
PEE-MlT'TANCE, n. Permission; allowance.
PEE-MCTA-BLE, a. That may be changed one for
the other.
PEE-MU-TA'TION, n. The exchange of one thing
for another ; repeated alteration of place.
PEE-Nl"CIOTJS (-nish'us), a. Having the quality
of injuring or destroying; tending to injure.
SYN. Hurtful ; noxious ; ruinous ; destructive.
PEE-Ni"ClOUS-LY (-nish'us-ly), ad. Destruc-
tively ; ruinously.
PEE-Nl^CIOUS-NESS, n. Quality of being very
injurious or destructive.
PEE-O-RA'TION, n. The closing partof an oration.
PEE-6X'IDE, iv. That oxide of a given base con-
taining the greatest quantity of oxygen.
PEE-PEN'DI-GLE (-pSn'de-kl), n. Something hang-
ing down in a direct line; a plumb-line.
PEE-PEN-DI'U-LAE, a. Hanging or extending
in a right line from any point toward the centre
of the earth ; any thing at right angles.
PEE-PEN-Dl'C-LAE-LY, ad. At right angles.
PEE'PE-TRATE, v. t. Literally, to go through
with; hence, to perform or commit, in a bad
sense, as to perpetrate a crime.
PEE-PE-TEA'TION, n. The commission of some-
thing wrong, as a crime.
PEE'PE-TEA-TOE, n. One who perpetrates.
PEE-PErO-AI, (per-pgt/yu-al), a. Noting that
which continues without ceasing; permanent;
uninterrupted ; continual, which see.
PER-PET'C-AL-LY, ad. Constantly ; unceasingly.
PEE-PET'0-ATE, v. t. To cause to endure ; to pre-
serve from extinction or oblivion.
PEE-PET'0-ATED, a. Made perpetual.
PER-PET-tf-A'TlON, n. A rendering perpetual.
PEE-PE-TU'I-TY, n. Endless or indefinite dura-
tion.
PEE-PLEX', v. t. To make intricate or difficult to
be understood; to fill with embarrassment; to
puzzle. See EMBARRASS.
PEE-PLEXED' (-pleksf), a. Made intricate; em-
barrassed; puzzled.
PER-PLEX'ED-LY, ad. In an intricate or per-
plexed manner ; intricately.
PEE-PLEX'I-TY, n. A state of intricacy ; diffi-
culty of understanding ; doubt.
PEE'QUI-SlTE (13), n. A fee in addition to, or in
the place of a fixed compensation.
PEE-QUI-Sl"TION (-zish'un) , n. Accurate inquiry ;
search.
PEE'U-QTJI-ER, n. A wig-maker.
PEE'RY, n. The juice of pears fermented.
PEE'SE-OTE, v. t. To pursue so as to injure,
vex, or afflict; to pursue or afflict for religious
opinions, &c. ? to harass with solicitations,
PEE-SE-!C'TION, n. The act of persecuting ; the
state of being persecuted.
PEE'SE.-60-TOE (13), n. One who persecutes.
PEE-SE-VER'ANCE, n. A persisting in what is
undertaken; constancy.
PER-SE-VEEE', v. i. To continue steadfast in any
design; not to give up or lay aside. Svs. To
continue ; persist. Continue is generic, denoting
simply to do as one has done hitherto; to per-
severe is to continue in a given course in spite of
discouragements, &c., from a desire to obtain our
end; to persist is to co?itinue from a determina-
tion of will not to give up ; the former is always
used in a good sense, the latter frequently in a
bad one.
PEE-SE-VEE'ING, a. Steadfast in any pursuit.
PfiE'SIAN, o. Relating to Persia.
PEE-SI-FLAGE' (12), (par-se-nazh').n. Light, ban-
tering talk.
n ' Perseverance; constancy.
PEE-SlST'ENT, o. Continuing in the prosecution
of an undertaking; steadfast.
PEE'SON (13) (per'sn), n. An individual human
being; the outer or corporeal man; character re-
presented in fiction, dialogue, &c. ; a distinction
in the Trinity ; a term in grammar.
PEE SON-A-BLE, a. Having a well-formed body ;
of good appearance.
PEE'SON-AGE, n. A distinguished person ; out-
ward appearance ; character.
PEE'SON-AL, a. Belonging to or noting a person.
Personal property consists in things belonging to
the person, as money, jewels, &c., in distinction
from real property, which consists in houses and
lands.
PEE-SON-AL'I-TY, n. That which constitutes
an individual a distinct being; individuality ; a
remark on another, generally of a disparaging
kind.
PER'SON-AL-LY, ad. In person ; by bodily pre-
sence.
PfiE'SOlST-AL-TY, n. Personal estate.
PEE'SON-ATE, v. t. To represent a person by ac-
tion or appearance ; to assume the part of ano-
ther. SYN. To imitate; mimic; feign; counter-
feit; resemble.
PER-SQN-A'TION, n. Act of representing or coun-
. terfeiting a person or character.
PEE SON-A-TOE, n. One who assumes another's
character ; one who performs.
PER-SON-I-FI-ATION, . A representation oi
inanimate things as living beings.
PEE-SON'I-FY, v. t. To ascribe animation to in-
animate beings, or to ascribe to inanimate beings
the sentiments, actions, or language of a rational
being or person.
PER-SON-NEL' (par-so-ngl'), n. [Fr.] A term
denoting the persons employed in some public
service, as distinguished from the materiel or
things.
PEE-SPE-GTlVE, a. Pertaining to optics or to
the art of perspective.
PEE-SPE'TlVE, n. The art of representing on
a plane surface objects as they appear, relatively,
to the eye in nature ; a glass through which ob-
jects are viewed.
PEE-SPEG'TlVE-LY, ad. Optically; by repre-
sentation according to the rules of perspective.
PEE-SPI-A'CIOUS (-ka'shus), a. Quick-sighted ;
discerning.
PEK-SPI-eAC'I-TY (-kSs'e-ty), n Quickness of
sight ; acuteness of sight or discernment.
PEE-SPI-C'I-TY, n. The quality of being easily
understood ; freedom from obscurity ; clearness.
PEE-SPl!TJ-OUS, o. Easily understood ; i.ot ob-
scure or ambiguous. SYN. Clear; plain; dis-
tinct; definite.
PEE-SPl'C-OUS-LY, ad. With plainness; clearly.
PER-SPl'0-OUS-NESS, n. Clearness; plainness.
PER-SPI-EA-B1L'I-TY, n. Quality of being per-
spirable.
PEE-SPIE'A-BLE, o. That may pass through the
pores.
PEE-SPI-RA'TION', n. The act of perspiring; ex-
cretion or evacuation of the fluids through the
pores ; sweat.
Performing perspiration.
PER-SPlRE', v. i. To exude fluid matter through
the pores ; to be excreted ; v. t to emit through
the pores of the skin.
PEK-STRlNGE', P. t. To graze ; to glance on.
PER-SUAD'A-BLE, a. That may be persuaded,
PER-SUADE' (-swade'), y. t. To induce or draw
by argument ; to convince by argument or rea-
PER
333
PET
I>6VE, W<?LF, BOOK ; R*LE, BULL ; VFdOUS. -6 as K ; 6 as J ; E as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
sons offered. SYN. To influence ; induce ; allure
entice ; prevail on ; win over ; convince, which
see.
PER-SUAD'ER, n. One that persuades.
PER-SUA-SI-BIL'I-TY, \n. Capable of being
PER-SUA'SI-BLE-NESS, j persuaded.
PER-SUA'SI-BLE, a. That may be persuaded.
PER-SUA'SION (-swa'zhun), n. The act of per
suadmg; the state of being persuaded; creed;
opinion. SYN. Belief; view.
PER-SUA'SlVE (-swa'siv), a. Adapted to influence
the mind; n. that which persuades. SYN. In-
ducement ; motive ; reason.
PER-SUA'SIVE-LY, ad. So as to persuade.
PER-SUA'SIVE-NESS, n. Power of persuasion.
PER-SUA'SO-RY, a. Tending to persuade.
PERT (13), o. Being forward, smart, lively in
manner ; over-assuming; impertinent. SYN. For-
ward ; smart ; saucy.
PER-TAIN', v. i. To belong ; to relate ; to con-
cern.
PER-TI-NA'CIOUS (-na'shus), a. Holding firmly
or with obstinacy to any opinion or purpose.
SYN. Firm ; constant ; stubborn ; obstinate.
PElt-TI-NA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With obstinate ad
herence.
PER-TI-NA'CIOUS-NESS, ) ii. Obstinacy in ad-
PER-TI-NAC'I-TY, J herence to opinions
or purpose ; obsti)iacy, which see.
PERTI-NENCE, \n. Appropriateness to the
PERTI-NEN-CY, $ subject or purpose ; suitable-
ness.
PER'TI-NENT, a. Appropriate to the case v fitted
to the end. STN. Relevant ; apposite.
PERTI-NENT-LY, ad. Fitly; to the purpose.
1'EKT'LY, ad. With prompt boldness; smartly;
saucily ; implying less than impudence.
PERT'NESS, n. Overassuming, forward boldness
or smartness ; impertinence ; liveliness of man-
ner.
PER-TtFRB', > v. t. To disturb the mind or
PERTURB- ATE, $ passions ; to agitate.
PER-TUR-BA'TION, n. Disturbance of the mind
or passions; disquiet; commotion in public af-
fairs ; cause of disquiet.
PER-TO'SION (-tu'zhun), n. Act of punching holes ;
a little hole made by punching.
PER'UKE, n. An artificial cap of hair.
PE-RU'SAL (31), n. Act of reading: careful view
or examination.
PE-RCSE' (-ruze'J, v. t. To read with attention:
to observe ; to examine.
PE-RUS'ER, n. One who reads or examines.
PE-RC'VI-AN, a. Pertaining to Peru.
PER-VADE', v. t. To pass through an aperture,
pore, or interstice ; to be in all parts.
PER-VA'SION (-va'zhun), n. Act of pervading.
PER-VA'SlVE, a. Tending to pervade.
PER-VERSE' (13) , a. Turned aside from the right ;
obstinate in the wrong; disposed to cross or vex.
SYN. Froward. One who is froward (literally,
looking away from) is capricious, and reluctant
to obey; one who is perverse (littrally, distorted)
1ms a settled obstinacy of will, and likes or dis-
likes by the rule of contradiction to the will of
others.
PER-VtRSE'LY, ad. Obstinately ; stubbornly.
PER-VEHSE'NESS, n. An. uncomplying, unac-
commodating state of feeling ; crossness of tem-
per combined with obstinacy.
PER-VER'SION (-vcr'shun), n. A diverting from
the proper use ; a turning from propriety.
PER-VER'SI-TY, n. Cross or untractable dis-
position.
PER-VKR'SlVE, a. Tending to pervert.
I'EU-VKRT', v. t. To turn from truth, right, or
from a proper course; to distort Irorn a true
course.
PEU'VEUT, n. One who has turned from a right
to a wrong way. See CONVERT.
PER-VERT'ED, a. Turned from right to wrong.
PER-VERT y ER, n. One who perverts or distorts.
PER-VERTI-BLE, a. That may be perverted.
PER-VES-TI-GATION, n. Diligent inquiry.
PER-VI-A'CIOUS (-ka'shus), a. Wilfully refrac-
tory.
PER'VI-OUS, a. That may be penetrated by an-
other body or substance, or by the mental sight ;
pervading ; permeating.
PER'VI-OUS-NESS, n. The state of being pervi-
PfiSH'WAH, n. A leader ; the chief ruler. India.
PES'SI-MIST, 7i. One who holds every thing to bo
the worst, opposed to optimist.
PEST, n. Any thing very noxious or destructive ;
a plague ; pestilence ; mischief.
PESTER, v. t. To harass with little vexations.
SYN. To tease ; disturb ; annoy ; vex ; trouble.
PEST'-HOUSE, o. A hospital for infectious per-
sons.
PES-TIF'ER-OUS, a. Noxioug to health, peace,
morals, or society. STN. Pestilential; malig-
nant; infectious.
PEs'TI-LENCE, n. Contagion ; contagious dis-
eases ; corruption or moral disease, destructive
to happiness.
PES'TI-LENT, o. Noxious to health, life, morals,
society, or the public peace. SYN. Noxious ; per-
nicious ; corrupt ; troublesome.
PES-TI-LEN'TIAL, a. Containing or tending to
produce disease or plague ; injurious to morals,
&c. SYN. Corrupting; contaminating; infec-
tious.
PES'TI-LENT-LY, ad. Destructively ; mischiev-
ously.
PESTLE (pSs'sl), 7i. An instrument for pounding
things in a mortar.
PET, n. Any little animal fondled and indulged;
brought up by hand ; a slight fit of peevishness.
PET.v. t. To treat as a pet ; to fondle.
PETAL or PETAL, n. A flower-leaf.
i. Having petals, as a flower.
PETOLL-ISM, n. A form of banishment among the
Syracusans by writing the name on a leaf.
PET'AL-OID, o. Of the form of a petal.
PE-TARD', ") n. A small engine formerly used for
PE-TAR', $ blowing open gates, &c.
PE-TE"HI-AL (-tek'ke-al), a. Spotted, as in ma-
lignant fever.
PETER-PENCE, n. A tax of one penny for every
house formerly paid by the English to the pope.
PET'1-O-LAR, ) a. Pertaining to or growing on
PET'I-O-LA-RY,) a petiole.
PET'I-OLE, n. A leal-stalk ; a foot-stalk of a leaf
next the stem.
pSoS&E,} a ' Having a petiole.
PETIT (pet'ty), a. [Fr.j Small in amount; petit
jury, a jury of twelve men who try cases at the
bar of a court ; petit larceny, the stealing of goods
of comparatively small value.
PE-TF'TION, n. A formal supplication or request
to a superior; a paper containing such request.
SYN. Irayer; entreaty; request; memorial.
PE-TP'TION (-tish'un), v. t. To make request to;
to ask from. SYN. To supplicate; solicit.
PE-T1"TION-A-RY, a. Coming out with or con-
taining a petition.
PE-TI-TION-EE' (pe-tish-un-ee'), n. The person
cited to defend in a petition.
PE-Tl"TION-ER, n. One who presents a petition.
PE-Ti"TION-ING, 71. The act of asking or solicit-
ing; supplication.
PE-TPT10 PRIN-CIFI-I (pe-ttsL'e-o). [.] A
begging of the question.
PE'FIT-MAI-TRL' (p6t'te-mai-tr), n. A fop; a
dangler about females.
PE-TRE'AN, o. Pertaining to rock or stone.
PETREL, n. A sea-fowl, called also the stormy
petrel, and Mother Carey's chicken.
PE-TRES'CENCE, n. A changing into stone.
PE-TRES'CENT, a. Changing into stony hardness ;
converting into stone.
PET
334
PHI
1, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., s?iort CARE, FAR, LAST,
PET-RI-FATION, n. The conversion of a body
into stone or stony hardness ; that which is con-
verted from animal or vegetable matter into stony
matter ; a body incrusted with stony matter.
PET-EI-Fl-G'TlVE, a. Changing or having power
to change into stony matter.
PET-RI-I I-ATION, n. The process of petrifying.
PET'BI-FI.ED, a. Changed into stone; fixed in
amazement.
PET'RI-FY, v. t. To convert into stone or stony
substance ; to make callous or obdurate ; to fix in
amazement.
PET'RI-Ff, v. i. To become stone or of a stony
substance ; to become callous.
PET'EI-FY-LNG, o. Converting into stone; fixing
in amazement.
PE-TRO'LE-UM, n. Rock-oil; an inflammable
bituminous liquid.
PET'RO-NEL, n. A horseman's pistol.
PET-RO-SI'LEX, n. Rock-flint or compact feld-
spar; hornstone.
PET-RO-SI-L1"CIOUS, a. Consisting of petrosilex.
PE'TROUS, a. Like stone ; hard.
PETTED, a. Treated as a pet ; fondled.
PET TI-lOAT, n. A woman's under-garment.
PETTI-F6G-GER, n. A lawyer employed in small,
mean business.
PETTI-F6G-GER-Y, n. Small, mean business of a
lawyer.
PETTI-FOG-GING, o. Doing small law business ;
mean.
PETTI-NESS, n. Smallness ; meanness.
PETTISH, a. Given to fretfulness; subject to
freaks of ill-temper. SYN. Fretful; peevish; fro-
ward; captious; cross.
PETTISH-NESS, n. State or quality of being pet-
tish. SYN. Petulance; frowardness; crossness;
fretfulness ; peevishness.
PETTI- TOES (-p5t'te-toze), n. pi. The toes of a pig
or swine ; the human feet, in contempt.
PETTO, n. The breast ; in petto, in secrecy.
PETTY, a. Small in amount, degree, importance,
&c. SYN. Little; inconsiderable; trivial.
PET'0-LANCE, ") n. Freakish passion ; peevish-
PET'CT-LAN-CY, j ness.
PET'0-LANT (-put'yu-laut), o . Manifesting petu-
lance; fretful; cross. See CAPTIOUS.
PET'0-LANT-LY, ad. In a petulant or peevish
manner.
PE-TO'NI-A, n. A South American flower.
PEW, (pu), n. An enclosed seat in a church.
PE'WET I n ' T * ie * a P win & or S 16611 plover.
PEWTER (-pu'ter), n. A compound of tin and lead,
and sometimes brass; utensils, as plates, &c.,
made of pewter.
PEWTER-ER, n. One who works in pewter.
PHA'E-TON (fa'e-ton), n. The son of Phoebus: an
open four-wheeled carriage ; a tropic bird.
PHA-L\NG'GAL, ) o. Belonging to the small bones
PHA-LAN'GI-AL, J of the fingers.
PHA-LAN'GES, n pi. The small boner of the fin-
gers and toes.
PHAL-AN-STE'RI-AN-I$H, n. The system of so-
cial organisation proposed by Fourier.
PHAL'AN-STER-Y, n. The residence or the com-
mon stock of a company of Fourierites.
PHAL'ANX, n. ; pi. PHAL'ANX-ES or PHA-LAN'GES.
A square body of soldiers, close and compact ; a
firm combination of men.
PHAN-ER-OG'AM-OUS, a. Having visible flowers,
containing stamens and pistils.
PHANTASM (fan'tazm), n. The image of an ex-
ternal object; hence, an idea or notion; some-
thing imagined ; vain and showy appearance.
PHAN-TAS-MA-GO'KI-A, ) n. A representation by
PHAN-TAS'MA-GO-RY, j a magic lantern.
PHAN-TASTI, PHAN'TA-SY, Ac. See FANTAS-
TIC. FANTASY, FANCY, &c.
PHANTOM, n. An apparition ; a fancied vision.
PHAR-A-ON'I-6, n. Pertaining to the Pharaohs of
Egypt.
PH
FALL, WHAT; THfiRE, TERM; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
PHAR-I-SA'I, \a. Pertaining to the Phari-
PHAR-I-SA'I-ALj sees; like the Pharisees;
formal in religion ; hypocritical.
PHAR-I-SA'I-AL-NESS, n. External show in
religion without the spirit of it.
PHAR'I-SA-ISM, n. The doctrines or practice of
the Pharisees ; mere show of religion.
PHAR-I-S'AN, o. Following the Pharisees.
PHAR'I-SEE, n. A Jew strict in the externals of
religion, pretending to uncommon righteous-
PHAR-MA-CEOTKJ, "i / e -a- M fa. Pertain-
PHAR-MA-CEOTI-AL, j (' sutlk )> { ing to phar-
macy.
PHAR-MA.CEpTIS, n. pi. The science of pre-
paring medicine.
PHAR-MA-CECTIST, } n. One who prepares me-
PHAR'MA-CIST, ) dicines.
PHAR-MA-^OL'O-GIST, n. One skilled in the
composition of medicines.
PHAR-MA-OL'0-GY, n. The science of drugs, or
the art, or a treatise on the art of preparing me-
dicines.
PHAR-MA-O-P(E'IA (-pe'ya), n. A dispensatory ;
a book directing how to prepare medicines.
HAR'MA-CY, n. The preparation of medicines ;
the business of an apothecary.
PHA'ROS, n. A watch-tower or light-house.
PHA-RlN'GE-AL, a. Belonging to or connected
with the pharynx.
PHAR-YN-GI'TIS, n. Inflammation of the mem-
brane forming the pharynx.
PHAR-YN-GpT'0-MY, n. The operation of mak-
ing an incision into the pharynx.
PHAR'YNX, 71. A part of the gullet.
PHASK (faze), n. ; pi. PHA'SES, ^ Appearance, as of
PHA'SIS, n. ) the moon; trans-
parent green quartz.
PHEAS'ANT (fgz'ant), n. A bird of beautiful
plumage and excellent for food.
PHE'NIX, n. The fabulous bird that rises again
from its own ashes.
PHE-NOM'E-NAL, a. Relating to phenomena or
an appearance.
PHE-NOM'E-NON, n. ; pi PHE-NOM'E-NA. An ap-
pearance ; anything remarkable.
PHl'AL, n. A glass vessel or bottle ; a vial.
PHI'AL, v. t. To put in a phial.
PHIL, pfx. Love or lover of.
PHIL-A-DEL'PHI-AN, a. Pertaining to Philadel-
phia, or to Ptolemy Philadelphus.
PHIL-AN-THROP'I, ) a. Having goodwill to
PHIL-AN-THROP'I)-ALJ mankind ; directed to
the general good.
PHl-LANTHRO-PIST, n. A person of general
benevolence.
PHI-LANTHRO-PY, n. Love of mankind ; bene-
volence toward the whole human race.
PH1L-HAR-MON'I, a. Relating to the love of
harmony; loving harmony.
PHIL-HEL'LEN-IST, n. A friend of Greece.
PHlL'I-BEG, n. A plaid or garment reaching only
to the knee ; a short petticoat.
PHIL-1P'P1, n. A severe speech of Demosthenes
against Philip, king of Macedon; hence, ft dis-
course full of acrimonious invective.
PHIL'IP-PIZE, v. i. To utter invective.
, ' Pertaining to philology.
PHI-LOL'0-GIST, ) n. One versed in the history
PHl-LOL'O-GER, ) and construction of language.
PHl-LOL'O-GY, n. Primarily, a. love of words;
the branch of learning which treats of language
and the branches connected with it.
PHI'LO-MATH, n. A lover of learning.
PHI-LO-MATH'I, o. Having a love of literature.
PHl-LOM'A-THY, n. The love of learning.
The nightingale.
PHIL-O-P'NA, n. A forfeit between two friends,
arising out of partaking together of a double-
kernelled almond.
riii
335
PHY
DflVB, WOLF, BQQK; R^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOCS.-
PHl-LO-PRO-GEN'I-TlVE-NESS, n. In phrenol-
ogy, the love of offspring or young children.
PHi-LOS'O-PHER, 7i. One skilled in the science
of nature and morals ; one who devotes himself
to the study of physics, or moral and intellectual
science ; one who takes trials calmly.
PHIL-O-SOPIi'I, \a. Pertaining to or ac-
PIIIL-O-SOPH'I-AL, j cording to philosophy ;
skilled in or devoted to philosophy ; calm. SYN.
Cool; temperate; rational; wise.
PHIL-OSOPH'I'-AL-LY, ad. According to phi-
losophy.
PHl-LOS'0-PHISM, n. Love of false reasoning ;
the practice of sophistry.
PHi-L()S'0-PHIST, n. A lover of sophistry.
PHl-LOS'0-PHlZE, v. i. To reason as a philoso-
pher ; to investigate phenomena.
PHI-LOS'O-PHY, n. Literally, the love of wisdom ;
explanation of the causes and reasons of things ;
general laws or principles of science j course of
science read in the schools ; coolness.
PHIL-OS-TGR'GY, n. The natural affection for
those near and dear, as of parents for their chil-
dren.
PH IL-0-TITNI, a. Loving the arts.
PHIL'TRE or I IIIL'TER (fll'ter), n. A potion.
PHJL'TRE or PHILTER, v. t. To charm or ex-
cite to love or desire by a potion.
PHIZ (fTz), 11. The face ; visage ; countenance.
PHLE-BOT'O-MIST, n. One who lets blood with a
lancet.
PHLE-BOT'0-MIZE, v. t. To let blood from a
vein.
PHLE-BOT'0-MY, n. The act or practice of open-
ing a vein for letting blood.
PHLEGM (Hem), n. Cold animal fluid ; watery
humour ; coldness ; sluggishness ; indifference.
PHLEG-MAT'ie (fleg-),a. Abounding with phlegm;
generating phlegm ; cold ; dull ; heavy.
PHLEG-MAT'I-AL-LY, ad. Coldly; heavily.
PHLEG'MON (fleg'mou), n. A tumour with inflam-
mation.
PHLEME. See FLEAM.
PHLO-GlS'TON jfflo-jis'ton), n. A name formerly
ven to what is now termed caloric; the imagin-
ary principle of fire.
PHO'-G A, n. A genus of mammals ; the seal.
PHO'ClNE, a. Relating to the seal tribe.
PHCE'NIX. See PHENIX.
) a> Eelatin S to sounds ; vocal.
PHO-NET'IS, > n. pi. The doctrine or science
PHO'NICS, 3 of sounds ; the art of combining
musical sounds.
PHO-NO-GRAPH'I, ) a. Descriptive of the
PHO-NO-GRAPH'I-AL, j sounds of the voice.
PHO-NOG'RA-PHY, n. A description of the laws
of the human voice, or a representation of sounds,
each by its distinctive character.
PHON'O-LITE, n. Basaltic greenstone with ring-
ing sound; clinkstone.
PHO-NOL'0-GY, n. The science or doctrine of
elementary sounds formed by the human voice.
PHO-NOT'Y-PY, n. A mode of printing so as to
represent each sound by a distinct type.
PHOS'PHATB, 7i, A salt formed by the combina-
tion of phosphoric acid with a salifiable base.
PHOS'PHITE, n. A salt formed by the combina-
tion of phosphoric acid and a base.
FHOS'PHOR, n. Venus as the morning star.
PHpsTHOR-ATE, v. t. To combine or impregnate
with phosphorus.
PHOS'PHOR-A-TED, a. Combined or impregnated
with phosphorus.
PHOS-PHO-RESCE' (fos-fo-rSss'), v. . To exhibit
a faint li<<ht without sensible heat.
PHOS-1'HO-RES CENCE, n. A faint light of a body
without sensible heat.
PIJOS-PHO-RES'CENT, a. Shining without heat.
PHOS-PHOR'I (fos-for'ik), o. Pertaining to or
obtained from phosphorus.
e as K ; 6 as J ; fl as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PHOS'PIIOR-OUS (fos'for-usj, a. Pertaining to
phosphorus ; noting an acid formed by phos-
phorus with oxygen, two parts of three.
PHOS'PHOR-US, n. A combustible substanc:,
yellowish, semi-transparent, and looking like fine
wax.
PHpS'PHU-RET, a. A combination of phosphorus
with a base.
PHOS'PHU-RET-ED, a. Combined with phos-
phorus.
PHO-TO-GEN'I, a. Producing light. The word
is applied to taking a picture by the sun's rays.
PHO-TOG'E-NY, 7i. The art of taking pictures by
the action of light on a chemically prepared
ground.
PHO'TO-GRAPH, n. A picture obtained by photo-
PHO-^r&RA-PHER, n, One who practises pho-
tography.
PHO-TO-GRAPII'I, \a. Pertaining to pho-
PHO-TO-GRAP1H-AL, J tography.
PHO-TOG'RA-PHY, 7i. The art of fixing the im-
ages of the camera obscura on prepared paper.
See HELIOGRAPHT.
PHO-TOL'0-CiY, n. The doctrine or science of
PIIO-TOM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure
the relative intensities of light.
PHRASE (fnlze), n. A short sentence ; mode of
speech ; style.
PHRASE, v. t. To name or style; to express in
wor_ds.
PHRASE, v. i. To use peculiar expressions.
PHRASE'-BOOK, n. A book in which phrases are
explained.
PHRASE'LESS, a. Not to be described or expres-
sed.
PHRA-$E-O-LOG're, a. Peculiar in expression.
PHRA-$E-OL'O-GY, n. Mode of speech ; peculiar
words used ; a collection of phrases in a language.
STN. Expression ; style ; language ; diction,
which see.
PHRE-NET'I-e, o. Subject to strong and violent
sallies of the imagination or excitement. STN.
Wild; erratic; frantic; delirious; n. a person
who is wild and erratic in his imagination.
PHRE-NI'TIS, n. Inflammation of the brain ; mad-
ness.
PHRE-NO-LOG/I-AL, a. Eclating to phrenology.
PHRE-NOL'O-GIST, n. One versed in phrenology.
PIIRE-NOL'0-GY, n. Science of the mind and its
properties ; particularly the science of the mind
as connected with supposed organs of 11
and passion in the brain and the form of the skull ;
cranio'
PHRE-NO-MAG'NET-ISM, n. An excitement of the
brain by animal magnetism.
PHREN'SY, n. Madness. See FRENZY.
PHRtG'I-AN, a. Pertaining to Phrygia in Asia ;
applied to a sprightly kind of music.
PHTHIS'IC (tlz'zik), n. Habitual difficulty of
breathing.
PHTHlS'IC-AL, (ttz'ze-kal), a. Relating to the
phthisic; breathing hard; tending to ulceration.
PHTHI'SIS (thi'sis or ti'sis), n. A consumption
occasioned by diseased lungs.
PHY-LA-G'TER, ") n. A spell or charm ; among
PH Y-LA'TER-Y, j the Jews, a parchment with a
passage of Scripture written on it.
PHY'LARCH, n. The chief or governor of a tribe
or clan.
PHtS'E-TER, n, Tlie cachalot; thft spermaceti
whale.
PHYS'I-6 (f iz'ik), n. The art of healing j medicine ;
a cathartic.
HYS'LG, v. t. To evacuate the bowels with a ca-
thartic; to treat with physic ; to cure; to purge.
PHYS'I-AL, a. Pertaining to nature or natural
productions, or to material things as opposed to
moral; external; medicinal; noting the training
of the body to give it health and vigour, as of edu-
cation.
PHY
336
PIE
A, fi, &c., long. X, E, &c., short. CARE, PAR, LIST, FALL, WHAT; THftRE, TfiRM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
PHt$'I-AL-LT, ad. By the operation of the laws
of matter ; according to nature, &c.
PHY$'I-O-THE-OL'O-GY, n. Theology illustrated
by natural philosophy.
PHY-$1"CIAN (ft-zlsh'an), n. One who professes
the art of healing.
PHtS'LCS (ftz'iks), n. pi. The science of nature or
natural objects ; the science of the material
system.
PHY$-I-OG-N6M'I, > a. Pertaining to physi-
PHYS-I-OG-NOM'I-AL,j ognomy.
PHYS-I-OG-NOM'I8, n. pi. feigns of the counte-
nance indicating the state, temperament, and con-
dition of the body and mind.
PHYS-I-OG'NO-MIST, n. One skiUed in judging
of the mind by the face.
PHYS-I-OG'NO-MY, n. The art or scicence of dis-
cerning the character from the face ; the face or
countenance, as expressive of the temper of the
mind, &c. ; particular configuration or cast of
countenance, &c.
PIIYS-I-GG'RA-PHY, 7i. A description of nature
or the science of natural objects.
PHYS-I-O-LOG'IO, la. Pertaining to physi-
PHY$-1-O-LGG / I-AL, f olo^y.
PHYS-I-OL'O-GIST, n. One versed in the science
of living beings, or who treats of physiology.
PHYS-I-OL'O-GY, n. The science of the functions
of all the different parts or organs of animals or
plants.
PHY-TGG'RA-PHY, n. A description of plants.
PHY-TOL'O-GIST, n. One versed in plants ; a bo-
tanist. [of plants.
PHY-TOL'O-GY, n. A treatise on plants ; doctrine
PHY-TOPH'A-GOUS, a. Feeding on plants.
PI, n. A term used by printers when types are
confusedly thrown together.
PI-A!'0-LOUS, } a. Requiring or making expia-
PI-A'U-LAR, j tion.
PI-A MATER, n. [L.J A thin membrane covering
the brain.
PI- A-N IS' SI-MO. [It.] In music, very soft.
PI-A'NIST, n. A performer on the piano-forte.
PI-A'NO. [It.] In music, soft.
Pl-A'NO-FGR'TE, n. A keyed musical instrument
smaller than the harpsichord.
Pl-AS'TRE, n. A silver coin of different values in
different countries ; the Italian being worth about
3s. 7d. ; the Spanish, 4s. 2d. ; the Turkish, 4d.
PI-AZ'ZA, n. A covered walk or portico ; in Italy,
a square open space.
PlB'-GRN, 7i. A musical instrument with a horn
at each end.
Pl'BROH (pee'brok), n. [Gael. Literally, war-pipe
law.] A wild, descriptive, stirring Highland
melody which is played on the great bagpipe.
Pl'-GA, 7i. A printing type of two kinds, large and
small, the latter being next in size to long primer;
a pie or magpie.
PIC'A-DOR, n. [Sp.] A horseman ; one who in bull-
fights is armed with a spear.
Pre-A-ROON', n. A freebooter ; a pirate.
PKJ-A-YONE', n. A small coin worth 3*d. ["From
picallon, the name of this coin among the French
and Spanish of Louisiana.]
PICK, n. A sharp-pcinted tool ; choice.
PICK, v. t. The leading idea is that of striking,
opening, or laying hold of with the fingers, &c.,
as to pick a bone, the teeth, &c. ; to pick fruit ; to
pick a lock. &c. ; to seek, as to pick a quarrel ; to
pick out, to select. STN. To seize ; choose ;
gather; clean; open.
PICK'AX, n. An ax that has a sharp point.
| a. Pointed ; sharp at the end ; smart.
PICK'ED-NESS, n. The quality of pointedness ;
sharpness.
PICK-EEK', v. t. To pillage ; to pirate.
PlCK'ER, 7i. One who picks ; a pick-ax.
PICK'ER-EL, n. A small kind of pike.
PICK'ET, u. A sharpened stake or pale of a fence ;
an oufcguard.
PlCK'ET-GUARD, n. In an army, a guard of horse
and foot always ready in case of alarm.
PlCK'ET-ING, n. A kind of torture by forcing a
person to stand with one foot on a pointed stake.
PICKING, n. Act of plucking ; that which is pick-
ed.
PlCK'LE (-pYk'kl), n. Brine; salt and water or vi-
negar ; thing pickled.
PlCK'LE, t;. t. To preserve in brine; to season.
PlCK'LING, n. The preservation of vegetables or
meats in vinegar or brine.
PlCK'LOCK, n. A person or tool to open locks.
PICK'. OCK-ET, ^n. One who steals from the
PlCK'-PtJRSE, J pocket or the purse of ano-
ther.
PlCK'THANK, n. An officious feUow ; a whisper-
ing parasite.
P 1 CK'TOOTH, n. An instrument to pick the teeth.
Pl<3'Nre, 77. A party of pleasure into the country,
&c., for which the company carry with them their
own entertainment.
PIT, n. Literally, painted; a name of the Scyth-
ians.
PIJ-TO'RI-AL, a. Done or drawn by a painter ; il-
lustrated by, pertaining to, or forming pictures.
PlT'0RE (-pikt'yur), n. A representation of any
thing by drawing'; resemblance to the eye or un-
derstanding. STN. Painting. Every kind of
drawing is a picture, whether in pencil, crayons, or
India-ink, &c. ; a painting is a representation by
means of colour. This holds good in a figurative
sense ; the historian draws a lively picture, the
poet paints in glowing colours.
PlCT'CRE, v. t. To paint or represent.
PIT-DR-ESQUE' (-pikt-yiir-esk'), a. Expressing
that peculiar kind of beauty which is agreeable in
a picture.
PIT-UR-ESQUE'LY (pikt-), ad. So as to have a
picturesque effect.
PIT-UR-ESQUE'NESS (pikt-yur-gsk'-), n. The
state of being picturesque.
PtC'UL. SeePECUL.
PID'DLE, v. t. To feed squeamishly ; to trifle.
PlD'DLER, n. One that eats little ; a trifler.
PIE (pi), 7i. Paste baked with something in it 01
under it ; the magpie.
PlE'BALD (pl'bald), a. Of various colours ; parti-
coloured.
PIECE (peece), n. The radical idea is that of
something separate or distinct, as a piece of tim-
ber or land, a piece of music or composition, a
piece of work, a piece of ordnance ; a fragment.
All of a piece means all of the same sort.
PIECE, v. t. To enlarge by adding a piece ; to
patch.
PIECE, v. i. To unite by a joining of the parts ; to
be compacted, as parts into a whole.
PIECE'LESS, a. Not made of pieces.
PIECE'MEAL, a. Sinsrle ; separate.
PIECE'MEAL, ad. In or by parts.
PIEC'ER, n. One who pieces or patches.
PIED (pide), a. Parti-coloured; speckled; epotted.
PI.ED'NESS, n. Diversity of colours.
PlE'POW-DhR-eOURT, n. An ancient court of
record, for the redress on the spot of grievances
occurring at fairs and markets ; so called from the
dusty feet of the suitors, or because justice was
done there before the dust could fall from their
feet ; written also pie-poudre.
PIER (peer), n. Support of an arch; a mound or
mole to break the force of the waves ; a project-
ing wharf; a mass of solid work between the
windows of a room, &c.
PIERCE (peerce), v. i. To enter, as a pointed in-
strument ; to penetrate the heart deeply ; to touch
the affections. STN. To bore; penetrate; perfo-
rate ; dive into ; reach.
PIERCE, v. t. To enter ; to penetrate ; to dive or
penetrate into, as a secret ; to affect deeply.
PIERCE'A-BLE, a. That may be pierced.
PIERC'ER, n. That which pierces.
PIERC'ING, a. Affecting; cutting; keen.
PIE
337
DOVE, WCLF, B99K ; RULE, BULL ; vl''cious. -6 as K ; 6 as j ; * as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
PIERC'ING, 11. The act ot penetrating with force. Pl-LlFER-OU3,7 a. Bearing or producing hair;
PIERC'ING-LY, ad. Keenly ; sharply ; acutely. Pl-LlG'ER-OUS,( covered with bair.
PIERCING-NESS, 11. The power of piercing or PILL, n. A medicine in form of a little ball; any
thing nauseous or disagreeable.
penetrating. SYJT . Sharpness ; keenness ; acute-
GLASS, n.
dows.
PI-E'RI-AN, a. Fertainiir- to the muses.
PIR'-TA-BLE (peer'ta-bl), n. A table standing by
the pier or wall between windows.
pI'E-TISM, n. Great strictness of piety combined
with mysticism.
?1LL. To peel. See PEEL.
A glass hanging between win- PlL'LAGE, n. That which ia taken from another
by force, especially in war ; spoil ; the act of pil-
laging. SYN*. Plunder. Pillage (Fr. pilZer, to
strip or peel) refers particularly to the act of
stripping the sufferers of their goods, while plun-
der (Ger. plundcrn, to bear off) refers to the re-
PI-E-TIST'IC, a. Relating to pietism.
moval of the things curried away.
[Pll/LAGE, v. t. To plunder; to strip by open
Pl'E-TIST, 7i. One of a sect professing great purity violence; to spoil.
""3, and giving themselves up to a mystical PlL'.L . ' me who plunders.
PlL'LAR, 71. A column which supports or upholds;
a monument ; a supporter made of stone ; a kind
of column ; something' resembling a pillar ; a per-
pendicular stanchion of wood or iron under the
middle of the beams for supporting the decks of
ships the centre of the ring round which ahorse
turns in the manege. SYN. Column; foundation;
Lik a pillar ; supported
rop; support.
'L.VliED (pillar J),
of life
style of religi
Pl'E-TY, n. Reverence for God and devotion to
his service ; respectful duty to parents. STN.
Religion. See RELIGION.
PIG, n. A young swine ; mass of metal.
PIG, v. t. or v. i. To bring forth, as pigs; to far-
row ; to lie together like pigs.
PIG'EON (pVj'un), n. A bird of several species.
PlG'EON-HOLE, n. A division in a case for
papers.
PlG'EON-HOUSE, n. A shed for pigeons.
PIG-EYED (-ide), a. Having small, deep, sunken
eyes,
i-Y, n. A pen or enclosure for pigs.
PlG'GIN, n. A wooden vessel ; a dipper.
PlG'-HEAD-ED, a. Having a large head ; stupid.
P 1 G'-I-RON, ~) n. Iron or lead in pigs, as first from PlL'LO-RY, v. t. To punish by the pillory ; to hold
PiG'-LKAD, ) the ore. up to disgrace or contempt.
: : :'AN, a. Very small ; like a pigmy. \ PlL'LOW (pu'lo), n. A cushion to lay the hea :1
PIG'MENT, n. A paint ; colour for painting. j on ; the block which supports the inner end of
PIG-MENTAL, a. Relating to pigments. j the bowsprit.
by pillars.
PIL-LAU', n. Boiled rice, mutton, or fowls, with
raisins. &c. ; a Turkish dish.
, PlLL'ION (pfl'yun), n. A cushion for a woman to
ride on ; a pad ; a low saddle.
, PlL'LO-RY, 11. A frame to confine criminals l-y
the neck and head for punishment.
V, 71. A very little person.
PlL'LOW, v. t. To rest or lay on for support.
PlG'MY,' a. Very small in size; feeble; incon- ! PlL'LOW-BlER, \ n. A cloth cover or sack for a
siderable.
PIG-NO-RATION,
pawning.
n. The act of pledging or
PlG'NUT, n. The ground-nut; also a variety of
the walnut.
PIGTAIL, n. The tail of a pig ; a cue ; a small roll
of tobacco.
PIKE, n. A military weapon consisting of a pole
with a sharp iron head ; a farmer's tool ; a tur-
ner's implement ; a fresh-water fish.
PlKL'D (pikt), a. Ending in a point ; acuminated.
PlKE'MA N, n. A soldier armed with a pike.
PIKE'STAFF, n. The wooden handle of a pike.
PI-LASTER, i. A square column.
Pl-LAS'TEKAD (-larfterd), a. Furnished with
pilasters.
PlLCH'ARD, n. A small fish like a herring.
PILE, n. A mass or collection of things heaped
together ; an edifice or edifices ; a large stake
driven into the ground ; the surface of velvet. A
gaka?iic pile is a succession of metallic plates, &c.,
in a battery; dilated vein of rectum.
PILE, v. t. To lay or tnrow in a heap ; to fill with
something heaped ; to drive piles. SYN. To heap ;
amass ; accumulate.
PlL'E-ATE, ") a. Having or like a cap for the
PIL'E-A-TED, $ head.
PlLE'-DRlV-ERO n. An engine for driving down
PlLE'-EN-GlNE, j piles.
PIL'ER, 7i. One who forms a heap.
PILES, n. pi. A disease; hemorrhoids; emerods.
PlL'FER, v. t. To steal trifling things.
PlL'FER.ED, a. Stolen ; filched in small parcels.
PlL'FER-ER, n. One who is guilty of petty theft.
PlI/FEE-JNG, vu Theft of little things.
PIL-GAR'LICK, In. One who has lost his
PILLED-GAR'LICK, j hair by disease ; a poor,
forsaken wretch.
PlL'GRlM, n. A traveller, particularly one who
has a religious object; in Scripture, a sojourner
on earth.
PlL'GRIM-AGE, n. A long journey ; a visit to a
place deemed sacred ; the journey of life ; time
irksomely spent. See Joui--
PiL'LOW-ASE,J pillow; the sack which con-
tains the pillow.
PlL'LOWED, a. Supported by a pillow.
PI-LOSE', \ a. Hairy ; covered with long, distinct
PlIiOUS, j hairs, as a pilose leaf.
PI-LOS I-TY, n. Hairiness.
Pl'LOT, 7i. One who steers a ship ; a guide ; a
director of the course of another person.
Pl'LOT, v. t. To steer a ship ; to guide.
Pl'LOT- AGE, n. The pay or office of a pilot.
Pl'LOT-FlSH, n. A fish of the mackerel kind,
which, as often seen with sharks, is said to be a
pilot or guide to them.
PI'LOT-ING, it. The act of steering a ship.
A spice; allspice.
,
PIMP, n. A pander ; one who procures gratifica-
tions for the lust of others.
PIMP, v. i. To procure for others.
PlM'PER-NEL,")7i. The name of several plants
PIMP1-NEL, $ found in gardens and fields.
PlM'PLE, n. A sn'.all pointed elevation on the
skin, differing from a pustule by not containing
pus or fluid.
PIM'PLED. ") a. Having pimples on the skin : full
PIMP'LY, j of pimples. '
PlN, n. A pointed instrument of brass or wood ; a
thing of little value ; the central part ; a peg in
musical instruments for straining the :
&c. ; a linch-pin ; a cylindrical roller made of
wood ; the axis of the sheave in a block.
PIN, v. t, To fasten with a pin ; to fix.
PlN'A-FORE, n. A kind of apron.
PlN'-GASE, n. A case for pins.
PlN'-MON-EY, n. A sum of money, settled on a
wife for her private expenses.
PlN'CERS, n. pi. An instrument for drawing
nails.
, v. t. To squeeze, as between the ends
of the fingers ; to gripe ; to press hard ; to
distress or straiten by difficulties; to try tho-
roughly.
rl NC1I, v. i. To bear hard ; to spare ; to be strait-
I ened ; to be covetous. 22
PJN 838 PIS
I, S, &c., long. A, fi, &c., short CAIIE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TBM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOVX,
PINCH, n. A squeezing or gripe ; distress or oppo- . PlP, n. A spot on cards ; a disease of fowls occa-
sition ; difficulty ; time of distress from want ; a I sioned by worms growing round and contracting
small quantity taken up between the fingers' ends . I the windpipe ; the seed of an apple-orange, &c.
PINCH'BECK, n. A yellow mixture of copper and PlP, v. i. To chirp or cry as a chicken. See PEEP.
PlPi:, n. A tube; a tube with a bowl at one end
zinc.
CH'ERS, n. pi. A griping instrument.
PJNCH'ING, a. Compressing or squeezing with
violence ; causing pain by constriction, as cold
or hunger ; 71. the act of compressing or squeez-
PlN'-eUSH-ION (-kush'tin) , n. A pad in which pins
are stuck.
PIN-DAR'I, 71. An ode in imitation of Pindar ; a.
according to Pindar's style ; lofty.
PINE, 71 An evergreen tree of many species, used
for boards, &c,
PINE, v. i. To lose flesh gradually ; to wear or
waste away from distress or longing, &c. SYN.
To languish ; droop ; flag ; decay.
PINE, v. t. To wear out ; to make to languish ; to
grieve for ; to bemoan in silence.
PIN'E-AL, a. Resembling a pine-apple ; an epithet
of a small protuberance of the brain.
PINE'-AP-PLE, n. A fruit which resembles the
cone of pines.
PINE'-BAR-REN, n. A tract of land producing
only pine-trees.
PlN'ER-Y, n. A place where pine-apples are raised;
a pine forest.
PlN'FEAIH-ER (-feth-er), n. A small or short
feather.
PIN'ING, n. A state of languishing or wasting
away.
PIN'ION (pm'yun), a. The joint of a bird's wing
furthest from the body ; a wing ; quill ; a small
wheel whose teeth play into a larger one ; fetters
for the arm.
PIN'ION (pin'yun), y. t. To bind the wings of; to
cut off the first joints of a wing ; to confine the
arms ; to shackle, as by rules, &c.
PlN'ION-ED, a. Confined by the wings ; shackled;
furnished with wings.
PlNK, n. A flower valued for its fragrance ; a light
red colour; any thing quite superior ; a ship with
a narrow stern ; the minnow.
PlNK, v. t. To stamp or work with evelet holes.
PlNK'EYED (-Ide), a. Having small eyes.
PINK'ROOT, n. The root of the Indian herb or
Carolina pink.
PlN'MAK-EE, 71. One whose business is to make
pins.
PlN'NACE, 7i. A small vessel; also a boat of a
man-of-war.
PlN'NA--eLE (pin'na-kl), v. t. To build or furnish
with pinnacles.
PlN'NA-LE, 71. A turret ; summit ; highest
point.
PlVNATE, ) a. Having several leaflets on each
PlN'NA-TED,) side.
PlN'NER, 71. One that pins; a pinmaker; the lap-
pet of a hood left to fly loose.
PlN'NING, 7i. The act of fasting with pins, pegs,
&c.
PINT, 7i. Haifa quart; in 7iiedici7ie, twelve ounces.
PlN'TLE, n. A little pin ; a long iron pin to keep
a cannon from recoiling ; the hooks on which a
rudder hangs.
Pl'NY, a. Abounding with pine trees.
Pl-0-NEER', 7i. A person that goes before tore-
move obstructions and prepare the way for others.
Pl-0-NEER', v. t. To go before and prepare the
way for others.
Pl'O-NY, ) a, A perennial plant, with tuberous
PE'O-NY, f roots and large red flowers.
Pl'OUS, a. Reverencing the Supreme Being ; de-
voted to the service of God ; paying due respect
to parents ; practised under pretence of religion,
as pious frauds. SYN. Religious ; devout ; godly ;
holy ; righteous.
PI'OUS-LY, ad. In a godly and religious man-
ner.
PI'OUS-MIND'ED, a. Of a pious disposition.
one end
for smoking tobacco ; a musical instrument ; the
organ of voice or respiration ; the key or sound
of the voice ; a cask of 126 gallons or two hogs-
heads.
PIPE, v. t. or v. i. To play on a pipe ; to whistle.
PIPE'-LAY, n. A kind of white clay used in mak-
ing tobacco-pipes, &c.
PIPED (pipt), a. Formed with a tube.
PIP'ER, n. One that plays on a pipe or flute,
HP'ER-IDGE. See I'EPPERIDGE.
PIP'ER-IN, 71. A peculiar crystalline substance
extracted from black pepper.
PlP'ING, a. Making a piping or whistling noise ;
feeble -, sickly; boiling, as piping hot.
PlP'KIN, 71. A small earthen boiler.
PlP'PIN, n. A species of apple.
PlQ'UAN-CY (plk'an-cy), n. The state or quality of
being sharp, pungent, or sour, &c. SYN. Sharp-
ness ; pungency ; tartness ; severity.
PlQ'UANT (pik'ant), a. Stimulating to the tongue ;
marked by offended feeling or severity. 8rn.
Pricking ; sharp ; pungent ; severe.
PlQ'UANT-LY (ptk'aut-15), ad. Sharply ; tartly ;
nicely.
PIQUE (peek), n. Offence taken; slight and sudden
irritation. SYN. Spite; grudge. Pique (Fr.
piquer, to prick or sting) denotes a quick sense of
resentment for some supposed neglect or injury,
not usually permanent or marked by malevolence.
(Spite is a stronger term, denoting settled ill-will
or malice, with a desire to injure, as the result of
extreme irritation; grudge (literally, a murmur-
ing) goes still further, denoting cherished secret
enmity with an unforgiving spirit.
PIQUE (peek), v. t. To excite to a degree of jea-
lousy or anger; to value one's self, with the re-
ciprocal pronoun. SYN. To offend ; displease ;
irritate; nettle.
PI-QUfiT' (pe-kfif), n. A game at cards.
PI'RA-CY, 7i. Robbery on the high seas ; infringe-
ment of the laws of copyright, or robbing another
of his writings, &c.
Pl'RATE, 71. One that robs on the high seas, or
steals another's literary rights, &c.
Pl'RATE, v. t. To take by theft, without right or
permission, as books or writings.
Pl'RATE, v. i. To rob on the sea.
Pl-RAT'I-AL, a. Plundering on the sea.
PI-RAT'I-AL-LY, ad. As pirates do.
Pl'RA-TING, a. Undertaken for the sake of
PlRN, 7i. The reel or piece of wood on which the
woof is wound in weaving; the yarn itself so
wound. [Scotch.]
PI-ROGUE', )n. A canoe formed out
PI-R,A'GUA (pe-raw'ga), j of the stem of a tree ;
a narrow ferry-boat having two masts and a lee-
board.
PIK-OI7-ETTE' (pir-oo-Sf), n. A whirling on the
toes in dancing; the circumvolution of a horse on
the same ground.
PlS'AS-PHALT, n. Earth pitch: a kind of soft,
tar-like bitumen of a strong smell.
PlS'A-RY, n. In law, the right of fishing in an-
other man's waters.
PIS-A'TION, n. Act of fishing.
PIS-A-TO'RI-AL, a. That relates to fishing.
PlS'A-TO-RY, a. Relating to fishes.
PIS'CES (pi's'scz), n. pi. In astronomy, the fishes,
the twelfth sign of the zodiac.
PlS'CI-eULT-URE, 7i. [L. pisces.] The act or ark
of hatching and rearing fishes in receptacles pro-
vided for the purpose.
PIS-ClV'O-ROUS, a. Feeding or subsisting on fishes.
PI'SE (pe'zaj, n. [Fr.] A style of building of walls
made of a clayey mortar and straw in moulds,
which, dried, forms a solid mass.
PIS
339
PLA
DOVE, WOLF, BQQK ; R^LE, BJ7LL ; Vl"CIOTJS.
PISH, ear. Expression of contempt.
PlSH, v. t. To express contempt by a pish 1
PI'SI-FORM, a. Having the form of a pea.
PIS'MIEE, n. An insect, called also ant and em-
met.
Pl'SO-LlTE, n. A calcareous stone formed of glo-
bular concretions like peas ; pea-stone.
Pl-SO-LlT'ie, a. In structure, resembling peas
stuck together.
PlSS, n. Urine; v.i. to urinate.
PIS-TA'CHIO (-pis-ta sho), n. The nut of the tur-
pentine-tree, containing a kernel.
PIS-TA-KEEN', n. A silver coin of the value of
9d.
PISTIL, n. The little upright column in the cen-
tre of a flower, crowned by the stigma.
PlSTIL-LATE, a. Having a pistil.
PISTOL, ?i. The smallest of fire-arms.
PISTOL, v. t. To shoot with a pistol.
PIS-TOLE', n. A gold coin of Spain, worth about
15s. 6d.
PISTON, n. A short cylinder of metal or other
substance which works up and down in the barrel
of a pump or an engine.
PISTON-ROD, n. The rod attaching the piston to
the adjoining machinery.
PlT, 71. An artificial cavity in the earth ; part of a
theatre ; a hollow of the body ; a mark left by
disease, as the small-pox ; the kernel of stone
fruit.
PlT, v. t. To sink in hollows ; to indent ; to set in
competition.
PlTA-PAT, ad. In a flutter ; with quick succes-
sion of beats ; with palpitation.
TlTCH, n. A thick tenacious substance from the
pine ; a point ; degree ; size ; degree of elevation
of the key-note of a tune.
PITCH, v. t. To smear with pitch ; to cast ; to fix
or set as a tent ; to throw headlong ; to regulate
the key-note, as of a tune ; to array, as in battle.
PITCH, r. i. To rest from flight ; to fall headlong ;
to plunge ; to choose, as to pitch upon a profes-
sion ; to set up a tent ; to rise and fall, as a ship
on waves.
PITCHED (pttcht), a. Thrown headlong; set or
fixed ; put in array ; smeared with pitch.
PlTCH'ER, n. One who pitches any thing; an
earthen vessel with a spout.
PlTCH'-FAR-THING, n. A play in which copper
coins are pitched at a mark or hole ; a low kind of
gambling.
PITCH FORK, n. A fork to throw sheaves, hay,
PlTCH'I-NESS, n. Blackness ; darkness.
1'lTC I I'ING, n. The rising and falling of the head
and stern of a ship, &c.
PlTCH'ING, a. Sloping, as the side of a roof, hill,
&c. ; smearing with pitch.
PITCH'PIPE, n. An instrument to measure the
key of a tune.
PlTCH'-STONE. n. A glassy volcanic rock resem-
bling hardened pitch.
PlTCH'Y, a. Like pitch; black; smeared with
pitch.
PlT'E-OUS, o. That may excite pity ; deserving
compassion; affected by pity; pitiful; poor.
SYN. Sorrowful; wretched; pitiable.
PlT'E-OUS-LY, ad. In a piteous manner; with
compassion ; sorrowfully.
PITFALL, 71. A pit covered for taking game.
PlTH,"n. The soft, spongy substance in the centre
of plants and trees ; the spinal cord of animals ;
condensed substance or quintessence, as the pith
of the matter ; vigour of style in writing ; energy ;
force ; cogency.
PITH1-LY, ad. "With strength or brief energy.
PITH'I-N ESS, n. Energy ; sententious force.
PlTH'LESS, a. Wanting pith or cogency.
PlTHTT, a. Consisting or full of pith ; uttering en-
ergetic word, or expressions ; forcible.
PlTI-A-BLE, a. Deserving pity ; lamentable,- mi-
serable.
, -e as K ; 6 as J ; 8 as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PlTI-FUL, a. Having a feeling of sorrow for th
distressed; tender; compassionate; mo
compassion, as a pitiful story ; exciting contempt
for littleness or meanness, as a pitiful ambition.
See CONTLJIPTIBLE.
PlTI-FUL-LY, ad. With pity; so as to excite pity ;
meanly.
PlTI-FUL-NESS, n. Tenderness; compassion;
contemptibleness.
PlT'I-LESS, a. Devoid of pity ; not exciting pity.
SYN. Hard-hearted; unfeeling; merciless; un-
sympathizing.
PlT'I-LES3-LY, ad. Without pity or compassion.
PlT'I-LESS-NESS, n. Destitution of pity.
PITMAN, n. A man who works in a mine or pit
when sawing timber ; the timber connecting the
lower end of the mill-saw with its moving wheel.
PlT'SAW, n. A saw to be used by two men.
PlTTA-AL, n. A dark blue substance like indi-
go, obtained from wood-tar.
PITTANCE, n. A small allowance.
PITTED, a. Marked with hollows ; set in compe-
tition.
Pl-TO'I-TA-RY, o. Secreting mucus or phlegm.
PI-TO'I-TOUS, a. Consisting of or resembling mu-
cus.
PITY, n. A tender feeling excited by another's
distress ; thing to be regretted. SYN. Sympathy ;
compassion. Sympathy is literally fc'i
ing, and therefore requires a certain degree of
equality in situation, circumstances, &c., to its
fullest exercise. Compassion is deep tenderness
for another under severe and inevitable misfor-
tune. Pity regards its objects not only as suifer-
ing but weak, and hence as inferior. Scott,
speaking of the Douglass, says :
" And last, and worst to spirit proud,
Had borne the pity of the crowd."
PlTY, v. t. To have sympathy for ; to be pained
for. SYN. To commiserate ; compassionate ;
sympathize with; v. t. to be compassionate; to
exercise pity.
PIVOT, n. A pin on which anything turns ; in
military language, the officer or soldier who is at
the flank on which a company wheels.
PlX, n. A box that contains the host.
PlX'Y, n. A fairy.
PLA- A-BI L'1-TY, ~> n. The quality of being ap-
PLA'A-BLE-NESS, $ peasable.
PLA'-GA-BLE, a. That may be appeased ; willing
to forgive.
PL A- CARD', n. A printed paper posted in a public
place; an advertisement ; a libel.
PLA-ARD', v. t. To post on a public place.
PLA'-GATE, v. t. To appease ; to pacify ; to quiet.
PLACE, n. Portion of space or ground; rank;
point or degree in the order of proceeding ; office ;
room ; city ; town ; village ; country, &c. ; space
in general.-SYN. Situation; position; spot; post;
function, &c.
PLACE, v. t. To put or set in a particular place or
condition. SYN. To dispose; lay; fix; appoint;
establish; locate; invest; lend.
PLA-CE'BO, n. A prescription to please ; in
popish church, a vesper hymn for the dead.
PLACETHAN, n. One holding an oflice under go-
vernment.
PLA-CEN'TA, n. [L.] The soft cellular substance
which connects the embryo to the parent.
PLA'CER, n. One who places or sets.
PLA-CER' (pro7i. pla-thare' by Spaniards, plii-sare
or pla'cer by Americans) , n. A place where gold
dust is found, especially by the side of rivers, or
in the bed of mountain torrents.
PLAC'ID, a. Noting a state of quietness and peace
of mind; not stormy. SYN. Gentle; serene;
mild ; unruffled.
PLA-CID'I-TY, \n. Calmness; unruffled state;
PLAC'ID-NESS, $ sweetness of disposition.
SYN. Quiet; tranquillity.
PLAC'ID-LY, ad. Calmly ; quietly ; mildly.
PLAC'ING, n. The act of fixing or establishing.
PLA
310
PLA
A, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
PLA'pID, a. In geology, an order of fishes covered
with irregular plates, which are frequently fur-
nished with thorny tubercules.
PLA'GI-A-EISM, n. The purloining of another's
wjritings.
PLA'GI-A-EIST, n. One who purloins the writings
of another.
PLA'GI-A-EIZE, v . t. To steal or purloin from the
writings of another.
PLA'GI-A-EY, n. A thief in literature ; a. practis-
ing plagiarism.
PLAGUE
(plag), n. Any thing troublesome or in-
jurious ; a pestilential disease.
PLAGUE, v. t. To occasion trouble, injury, or di-
sease. SYN. To trouble ; vex ; harass ; annoy.
PLAGU'I-LY, ad. Vexatiously ; greatly.
PLAGU'Y (plag'y), a. Vexatious ; harassing.
PLAID, n. That part of the Highland costume
which _is worn diagonally across the breast, the
outer end, being thrown over the left shoulder, is
secured by a brooch. [Plad is a pronunciation
unknown in Scotland, and it is a barbarism to use
plaid instead of the tartan of which it is made.
Both these solecisms occur in the phrase, "a
plaid waistcoat;" we might as properly say a
plaid plaid!] /
PLAID'ING, n. Woollen cloth twilled.
PLAIN- (plane), a. 'Without disguise, encum-
brance, ornament, or hinderance ; not rough ;
simple; obvious; unaffected. SYN. Smooth;
flat; sincere; downright; clear; distinct; evi-
dent; homely.
PLAIN (plane), n. .Level ground; .field of battle;
a flat expanse.
PLAIN (plane), v. t. To make level or even.
PLAIN, ad. Not obscurely; simply; distinctly.
PLAIN'-DAL-ING, n. Downright honesty.
PLAIN'-HEAET-EU (plane'-hiirt-ed), a. Having a
frank disposition.
PLAIN'LY, ad. Sincerely; clearly; bluntly.
PLAIN'NESS, n. Flatness ; clearness; simplicity.
PLAIN'SPOK-JEN (-spo-kn), a. Speaking with sin-
cerity.
PLAINT, n. Audible expression of sorrow ; lamen-
tation ; complaint.
PLAINTFUL, a. Complaining ; sorrowful
PLAINTIFF, n. The person who commences a
suit before a legal tribunal
PLAINTIVE, a. Expressing or expressive of sor-
row or grief. SYU. Complaining; repining; sor-
rowful; mournful.
PLAINT'lVE-LY, ad. As expressing grief.
PLAINT'lVE-NESS, n. The quality or state of ex-
pressing grief.
PLAIT (plate), n. A fold ; a doubling, as of cloth ;
a braid of hair.
PLAIT (plate), v. t. To double in narrow streaks;
to br,aid; to fold.
PLAlTEE,Ti. One who plaits or braids.
PLAN, n. Any thing devised or projected ; the re-
presentation of any thing drawn. SYN. Scheme;
project ; draft ; model ; sketch. See SCHEME.
PLAN, v. t. To form a draft of any intended work ;
to form in design. SYH. To sketch; model;
scheme; contrive.
PLANCH, v. t. To plank ; to cover with planks.
PLANCH'ET, n. A flat piece of metal or coin.
PLANCH'ING, w. The laying of boards in a build-
ing ; a floor of boards or planks.
PLANE, n. A joiner's tool for smoothing boards ;
a level surface ; a button-wood or sycamore tree.
PLANE, a. Without elevations or depressions.
SYN. Level; even; flat; smooth.
PLANE, v. t. To smooth with a plane ; to remove
inequalities of surface.
PLANED, a. Made smooth; levelled.
PLAVET, n. A celestial body revolving about the
sun in an orbit nearly circular.
PLAN-ET-A'EI-UM, n. An astronomical machine
for representing the motions of the planets.
PLAN'ET-A-EY, a. Pertaining to planets; con-
sisting of planets.
FALL, WHAT; TH^EE, TEEM; MAEINK, BlRD j MOVJ5,
PLAN'ET-ED, a. Belonging to planets.
PLAN^ET-OID, n. A star resembling a planet,
applied to the small planets between Mars and
Jupiter.
PLA.YET-STEtfCK, a. Blasted by a planet ; af-
fected by the influence of planets.
PLA-NlM'E-TEY, n. The mensuration of plane
surfaces.
PLAN'ISH, v. t. To make smooth ; to polish.
PLAN'I-SPHEEE, n. A sphere projected on a
plane ; a map showing the circles of a sphere.
PLANK, n. A broad piece of sawn timber like a
board, but thicker.
PLANK, v. t. To lay or cover with planks.
PLAN'LESS, a. Having no plan or design.
PLAN'NEK, n. One who plans or contrives.
PLA'NO-ON'-eAVE, a. Flat on one side and con-
cave on the other.
PLA'NO-GON'IO-AL, o. Plain or flat on one side
and conical on the other.
PLA'N 0-eON'VEX, a. Flat on one side and convex
on the other.
PLANT, n. An organic body usually drawing its
nourishment from the earth ; an herb ; a tree.
PLANT, v. t. To set in the earth ; to fix ; to settle ;
to people ; to cultivate.
PLANT, v. i. To perform the act of planting.
PLANT'AIN, n. A West India tree and its fruit.
PLAN-TA'TION, n. A place planted with trees ;
a colony ; an original settlement in a new coun-
try ; a cultivated estate.
PLANT'ED, a. Set in the earth for propagation;
furnished with seeds or plants for growth ; fur-
nished with new inhabitants; filled with what is
new. SYN. Set; fixed; introduced; established;
settled.
PLANT'EE, n. One that plants, sets, introduces,
or establishes ; one that settles in a new or un-
cultivated territory; one who owns a plantation.
PLANT'ER-SHIP, n. The business of a planter.
PLANT'I-LE, n. A plant in embryo.
PLANTI-GEADE, n. An animal that walks on the
sole of the foot, as the bear ; a. walking on tho
sole of the foot.
PLANT'ING, n. The act of setting or laying in the
ground ; the art of forming plantations of trees ;
a. pertaining to planters.
PLASH, n. A puddle of water ; a branch cut or
lopped and oound to other branches.
PLASH, v. t. To dabble in water; to splash ; to
cut and interweave branches ; to splice.
PLASHING, n. The act or operation of cutting
and lopping small trees, and interweaving them,
as in hedges ; the dashing or sprinkling of colour-
ing matter on the walls of buildings, &c.
PLASH% o. Watery ; abounding with puddles.
PLASM, a. A mould for metals.
PLA$-MAT'IJ, -)a. Giving shape; having
PLAS-MATie-AL, J power to give form.
PLAS'TEE (6), n. A composition of lime, sand, and
water; a composition of gypsum for casts, mould-
ings, &c. ; a salve.
PLAS'TEE, v. t. To cover or daub with mortar ;
to cover or overlay, as with plaster ; to smooth
over ; to conceal defects, &c.
PLAS'TEE.ED, a. Overlaid with plaster.
PLAS'TEE-EE, n. One who overlays with mor-
tar ; one who makes figures in plaster.
PLAS'TEE-ING, n. The act or operation of over-
laying with plaster ; a covering of plaster.
PLAS'TK), a. Forming ; giving form, as the plastic
hand of the Creator ; capable of being moulded,
modelled, &c.
PLAS-TlC'I-TY, n. The quality of giving form;
capacity of being moulded or modelled.
PLAS'TEON, n. A leather pad used by fencers to
defend the body.
PLAT, v. t. To interweave and make flat.
PLAT, n. A level piece of ground; work done by
interweaving or platting.
PLATE, n. A piece of metal ; wrought silver ; a
shallow vessel ; prize at races; impression from
PLA
341
PLE
D6VE, WQLF, BOOK; EfiLE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS. as K ; 6 as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
nn engraving; a solid page of metal to print from ;
the piece of timber which supports the ends of
rafters.
PLATE, v. i. To cover or adorn with plate ; to
beat to a lamina ; to arm with plate or metal for j
defence.
PLA-TEAU' (pla-to'), n. [Pr.] A broad, flat space ;
a large ornamented centre dish.
'PLAT'ED, a. Covered or adorned with plate;
armed with plate ; beaten into plates.
PLATE'-GLASS, n. A fine kind of glass cast in
thick plates for mirrors and windows.
PLAT'EN, n. The flat part of a printing-press by
which the impression is made.
PLAT'FOEM, 7i. Horizontal delineation or sketch ;
floor of boards or planks ; a terrace : plan ;
scheme ; system of church government.
PL AT'IN G, . The art or operation of covering any
thing with plate, or with a metal, particularly of
overlaying a baser metal with a thin plate of sil-
ver, &c.
PLAT'I-NUM, ) r,. A metal heavier than gold, and
PLAT'I-NA, ) resembling silver in colour.
PLVTI-TCDE, n. The quality of dullness; insi-
PLEA (pie), n. That which is alleged in support
of a cause or in defence or justification ; a suit or
process in court ; urgent prayer or entreaty.
PLEAD (pleed), u. i. [pret. and pp. PLBAD'ED, not
To argue in support of or against a pro-
idity.
A-TON'MJ, a.
PLA-TON're, a. Relating; to Plato ; refined ; pure.
Platonic love, pure, spiritual love subsisting be-
tween the sexes.
PLA'TO-NI#M, 7i. The doctrines of Plato, who be-
lieved in one God as having created the universe
according to perfect patterns or ideas existing in
his own inind and the nature of things.
PLA'TO-NIST, n. One who adheres to Plato.
PLA'TO-NIZE, v. t. To adopt or disseminate
Plato's views ; v. t. to explain on the principles
of the Platonic school.
PLA-TOON', n. A small body of soldiers.
PLAT TEE, n. A large, broad, shallow dish.
PLATTING, . Slips of cane, straw, &c., plattec
or woven together.
PLAT-Y-CEPH'A-LOUS. a. Broad-headed.
PLAUD'IT, n. Praise bestowed. STW. Commenda-
tion ; approbation ; applause ; praise.
PLAUD'IT-O-EY, a. Commending by applause.
PLAU-$I-BtL'I-TY, > n. Speciousness, show of
PLAU'SI-BLE-NESS, f right or propriety.
PL^U'SI-BLE (plau'ze-bl), a. Adapted to satisfy
or convince, as a plausible story. SYN. Specious.
Both these words have a bad sense. Plausible
denotes that which seems to satisfy the car, and
yet leaves distrust in the judgment ; specious
that which carries a fair appearance to the eye,
and yet may cover something false. Many plaus-
ible arguments and specious pretences have been
brought forward to defend the cause of wicked-
ness.
PLAU'SI-BLY, ad. With specious, fair show.
PLAIT'S IVE, a. Applauding; plausible.
PLAY (pla), v. i. Literally, to send forth ; to act
freely ; hence, to sport, as a child plays ; to per-
form, as an actor ; to trifle ; to use a musical in-
strument ; to gamble.
PLAY, v. t. To put in action or motion ; to per-
form. SYN. To sport; trifle; frolic.
PLAY, n. Literally, a sending forth; hence, free
action, as the play of a wheel ; sport ; amuse-
ment, as the plays of childhood; manner of acting,
as fair flay ; a drama to be acted. SYN. Sport ;
frolic ; game ; employment.
PLAY'-BlLL, n. A printed scheme of a play, with
the order of acting.
PLAY'EE, 7i. One that plays ; a performer.
PLAY'FUL, a. FuUofplay; sportive; merry.
PLAY'-HOUSE, n. A house for acting plays in.
PLAYING, n. The act of performing at au exhibi-
tion or on an instrument.
PLAY'MATE, n. A play-fellow; companion in
PLAY'SOME (pla'sum),
a. Playful; wan!
LYTHING, n. A toy ; a thing for amusement.
PLAY'-WRIGHT (-rite), n. A maker of plays.
gish.
PLAT
position, claim, &c. ; to supplicate earnestly.
PLEAD, v. t. [pre*. and pp. PLEAD'ED, not PLED.]
To discuss, defend, and maintain by argument ;
to allege.
PLEAD'EE, n. One who pleads or alleges.
PLEADING, n. Allegation; act of supporting a
cause.
PLEADINGS (pleed'ingz), n. In law, the mutual
altercations between the plaintiff and defendant,
or written statements 01 the parties to uphold
their claims.
PLEAS'ANT (plgz'ant), a. Affording gratification;
contributing to enjoyment j characterized by
sport or humour ; adapted to mirth rather than
use. SYN. Agreeable; gay; cheerful; pi
enlivening ; merry ; sportive ; humourous ;
amusing ; witty. See PLEASING.
P 1, i ; A S'ANT-LY (plez'ant-), ad. So as to please or
ratify; gayly; merrily; ludicrously.
EAS'ANT-EY, n. Sprightly talk; cheerfulness.
PLEASE (pleez), v. t. To afford gratification; to
delight ; to satisfy ; to prefer.
PLEASE, -v. i. To have satisfaction or preference ;
to comply ; to like.
PLEASED (pleezd), a. Gratified; agreeably affected.
PLEAS'EE (ple'zer), n. One who gives pleasure.
PLEASING, a. Giving pleasure or satisfaction.
SYN. Pleasant; agreeable. Pleasant is more par-
ticularly applied to things in the concrete, as
pleasant weather, a pleasant day, ride, situation,
&c. A late English writer says, " It was former-
ly used to describe merry and playful conversa-
tion, or a jocose and lively person, but is now in
a great measure withdrawn from persons and ap-
plied to things." When we apply pleasing to
things, it is usually in their abstract relations, as
a pleasing variety, interchange, &c. In respect to
persons, pleasing is generally used to describe
personal qualities, as a pleasing address, counte-
nance, &c. A'jreeallc is more used of social quali-
ties and relations, as an agreeable conversation,
agreeable society, &c. These distinctions, how-
ever, are not in all cases very accurately ob-
served.
PL EAS'ING, 71. The act of gratifying.
PLEAS'ING-LY, ad. So as to please or lve plea-
sure.
ING-NESS, n. Quality of giving pleasure.
UE-A-BLE (plezh'ur-a-bl), a. Giving plea-
sure.
PLEA$'UE-A-BLY, ad. With pleasure.
PLEAS'UEE (p!6zh'ur), . Gratification of the
senses or mind; agreeable sensations or emo-
tions ; what the mind dictates or prefers. SYN.
Delight; gratification; charm; purpose; deter-
mination. [tion.
PLEAS'UEE (plezh'ur), v. t. To afford gratifica-
PLEAS'UEE-GEOUND, n. A ground laid out in
an ornamental manner.
PLE-BE'IAN (ple-be'yan), a. Pertaining to or con-
sisting of common people.
PLE-BE'IAN (ple-be'yan), n. One of the common
PLE-B E'lAN-ISM, n. Manners of low people.
PLE'TEUM, n. A small instrument with which
the ancients struck the lyre ; the styloid process
of the temporal bone ; the uvula ; the tongue.
PLED. This word is often used, although impro-
perly, instead of pleaded for the pret. and pp. of
the verb to PLEAD, as he pled or has pled the causa
ably.
PLEDGE,*. A pawn ; a deposit as security ; in
law, bail or surety ; a drinking of health ; earnest,
which see.
:;, v. t. To deposit as security; to pawn;
to warrant ; to drink to the health of another ;
to engage by promise or declaration.
PLE 342 PLTJ
I, fi. &c , long. I, fi, &c., sTiort.-ciRE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THEK, TERM ; MARINE, B!BD j MOVE,
PLIGHTEE, n. One that pledges.
PLEDG-EE', n. One to whom a pledge is given.
PLEDG'ER, n. He who deposits a pawn or makes
a pledge.
PLEDG'ET, n. A small, flat tent of lint laid over a
wound.
PLE'IAD (ple'yad) , n. One of the Pleiads.
PLE'IADIS (plc'yadz), > n. pi. A cluster of
PLE'IAD-ES (ple'yad-ez), j" seven stars in Taurus.
PLEl'O-CENE, 7i. The most recent of the tertiary
deposits, in which most of the shells are of recent
species.
PLE'NA-EI-LY, ad. Fully ; completely.
PLE'NA-EI-NESS, n. Fullness; completeness.
PLE'NA-EY, a. Full ; entire ; complete.
PLE-NIP'O-TLNCE, n. Fullness of power.
PLE-NIP'O-TENT, a. Possessed of full power.
PLEN-I-PO-TEN'TIA-EY, n. One having full
power to transact any business ; usually an am-
bassador at a foreign court with full powers.
PLENI-TC'DE, n. Fullness; completeness.
PLEN'TE-OUS, o. Sufficient for every purpose;
having or yielding abundance ; ready to bestow
liberally. SYN. Plentiful ; abundant ; ample ;
full; fertile.
PLEN'TE-OUS-LY, ad. In great abundance.
PLEN'TE-OUS-NESS, n. Abundance; copious
supply.
PLEN 'TI-FUL, a. Adequate to every purpose ;
yielding abundant crops ; affording ample sup-
ply. SYN. Copious ; ample ; exuberant ; fruit-
PLEN'TI-FUL-LY, ad. Copiously; with ample
PLENTI-FUL-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being plentiful.
PLEN'TY, n. FuU or adequate supply. SYN. Co-
piousness ; abundance, whicb see.
PLEN'TY, a. In great number ; abundant ; copi-
ous ; plentiful.
PLE'O-NASM, n. Redundancy of words.
PLE-0-NASTie, 7 a. Partaking of redun-
PLE-0-NASTI-AL, j dance; redundant.
PLE-SI-O-SAU'RUS, n. A species of extinct liz-
ard.
PLETH'O-EA, n. Fullness of blood ; repletion.
PLETH'O-RI, a. Having a full habit of body.
PLEU'RA, n. The membrane that covers the in-
side of the thorax and invests the lungs.
PLEO-B^'flS } * A* inflammation of the pleura.
, a " Dis ^sed with pleurisy.
PLEX'I-FOEM, a. Having the form of network.
PLEX'US, 11. Any union of vessels, nerves, fibres,
&c., like network.
PLI-A-B1 L'I-TY, ) n. The quality of bending or
PLl'A-BLE-iNESS, j yielding; flexibleness.
PLl'A-BLE, a. Easily yielding to pressure, or
easy to be bent. SYN. Flexible ; pliant ; supple ;
limber.
PLI'AN-CY, n. Easiness to be bent or to yield.
PLl'ANT, n. Easily bent; that may be easily
moulded to a different shape ; easy to be persuad-
ed. SYN. Flexible; limber; supple; ductile;
tractable; docile; obsequious.
PLI'ANT-NESS, n. .Flexibility ; quality of being
flexible.
PII'CM, 7i. [L.] A d! case in which the hair is
clotted by a viscous humour.
PLl'li-TED,} Pla:i ^' folded like a fan.
PLl!'A-TUEE, 7 7i. A fold, folding, or doubl-
PLI-A'TION, j i T.
PLI'EB, n. A kind of balance used to work a draw-
bridge.
PLI'EES, 7i. pi A kind of pincers to seize and bend
small things.
PLIGHT (plltc ' , o. To pledge, as the hand, faith,
vows, honour, or truth.
PLIGHT (pliits;, n. State of being involved ; con-
dition; case; pledge.
PLIGHT'ED, a. Pledged.
up the
PLINTH, n. ' The flat part" at the bottom of a col-
umn in the form of a square brick or tile, &c., in
a wall ; two or three rows of bricks projecting
from the face.
PLI'0-CENE, a. A term applied to the most mod-
ern tertiary deposits in which the fossils are of
recent species.
PLOD, v. i. To travel or work slowly; to drudge;
to study closely.
PLOD'DING, a Diligent but slow in execution.
PLOT, n. A flat or small extent of ground; a
plantation laid out; in surveying, a plan or
draught of the field delineated on paper, as the
plot of a field.
PLOT, n. Any scheme of a complicated nature ;
the plan of a dramatic composition, novel, &c.
SYN. Stratagem ; intrigue ; plan ; contrivance.
PLOT, v. t. To make a plan of; to delineate, as in
surveying ; to plan ; to project.
PLOT, v. i. To contrive a scheme of wickedness
against another ; to devise mischief; to scheme.
PLOTTING, n. The act of contriving or forming
schemes ; the act of laying down a survey.
PLOUGH. See PLOW.
PLOV'EE (pliiv'er), n. A bird of several species.
PLOW, \ n. An instrument to turn and break
PLOUGH, $ the soil ; a machine used by book-
binders for cutting the edges of books ; a kind of
lane used by joiners ; figuratively, tillage.
OW, \v. i. To trench and turn
PLOUGH, $ ground ; to use a plough.
PLOW, ") f. t. To turn up ground with a plough ;
PLOUGH, ) to furrow or divide ; to run through,
as to plough the seas ; to labour at a calling.
[Plow has been adopted in the English Bible, j
PLOW'A-BLE, a. That may be ploughed.
PLOW-BOY, ) n. A boy that drives or guides
PLOUGH'-BOY, ) a team in ploughing.
PLOWED, -) a. Turned up with a plough ; fur-
PLOUGHED, j rowed.
PLOWING, ") 7i. The operation of turning up
PLOUGHING, 5 ground with a plough.
PLOW-LAND, 1 n. Land that is or has been
PLOUGH'-LAND.f ploughed; tillage ground.
PLOW MAN, -) n. One who holds the plough ; a
PLOUGH MAN, J husbandman; a rustic or hardy
labourer.
PLOW'SHAEE (4), In. The iron that cuts the
PLOUGH'SHAEK, j ground below.
PL0CK, v. t. To pull with sudden force, or off,
out, from, <fcc. ; to snatch ; to strip off.
PLOCK, n. The heart, liver, and lights of an ani-
mal; in figurative language, courage.
PLUCKED (plttkt), a. Pulled off; stripped of
feathers or hair.
PLOG, n. The stopper of a hole in a vessel or
cask.
PLUG, y. t. To stop with a plug; to make tight by
stopping a hole.
PLpG'GING, n. A stopping or closing with a
"ug.
PLUM", n. A fruit of many varieties; a raisin ; the
sum of 100,000 sterling.
PLU'M AGE, n. The feathers of a bird.
PLUMB (plum), n. A mass of lead on a line.
PLDMB (plum), a. Perpendicular to the horizon ;
standing according to a plumb-line.
PLUMB (plum), ad. In a perpendicular direction ;
directly or suddenly.
PLUMB (plum), v. t. To adjust by a plumb-line ;
to sound.
PLUM-BAG'I-NOUS, a. Like or partaking of plum-
bago.
PLUM-BA'GO, n. Graphite ; a combination of
carbon and iron, erroneously called Macfc-lead.
PLUM' 1 5 E- AN, > a. Consisting of lead ; resem-
PLUM'BE-OUSJ blinglead; dull; stupid.
PLUM'BEE (plum'irxer), n. One who works in
lead.
PLUM'BEE- Y (plum'mer-y), n. Work done by a
plumber ; the art of casting or working lead j
PLU
343
POE
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK ; BflLE, BFLL ; Vl"CIOUS. 6 as K ', 6 OS J ; S OS Z ; CH OS SH ; THIS.
making sheets and pipes of lead, &c. ; works in
lead ; place where lead is wrought.
I i B'ING, n. The art of casting and working
in lead.
B'-LINE (pliim'-;, n. A perpendicular line,
or line directed to the centre of gravity in the
earth ; a line with a weight at the end to deter-
mine the perpendicular.
PLU M B'- RULE, 71. A narrow board with aplumb-
lineand a perpendicular mark through the middle,
iiy builders.
CAKE, n. A cake with raisins, &c.
PLCME, n. The feather of a bird ; ornament ;
token of honour ; prize of contest ; the ascending
part of a seed ; pride ; towering mien.
PLCME, v. t. To pick and adjust feathers; to
strip ; to adorn ; to pride ; to value.
PLUME'LESS a. Destitute of feathers.
PLU'MI-PED, n. A bird that has feathers on its
feet.
PL CM MET, . A long piece of lead for sounding ;
an instrument to show a perpendicular ; any
: it ; a piece of lead used by boys to rule lines
.MIXG, n. The operation for discovering
the proper place for an air-shaft.
PLC'MOSE, > a. Feathery or resembling feathers ;
PLC'MOUS,) having hair growing on the sides,
as a bristle.
PLCMP, a. Swelled with fat or flesh ; having a
full skin ; unqualified, as a lie. SIN. Fat; sleek;
full ; round ; blunt ; unreserved.
PLUMP, v.t. To fatten ; to swell : to dilate.
PLUMP, v. i. To plunge or fall, as a heavy mass
or lump ; to fall suddenly ; to enlarge to fullness ;
to be swelled.
PLCMP, ad. With a sudden fall ; heavily.
PLUMP'ER, n. Something to swell the cheeks ; a
full, unqualified lie; an exclusive vote.
PLUMP'LY, ad. Fully ; without reserve.
1'LU.M P'NEriS, n. The state of fatness ; fullness.
PLCM -PUD-DING, n. A pudding containing rai-
sins, &c.
PLU'MULE, 7i. The ascending part of the embryo
which becomes the stem.
PLC.MY, a. Full of plumes; adorned with plumes.
DER, n. Spoil taken and carried away by
open force. - SYN. Baggage; luggage. In some
of the WV - of America a traveller's
baggage is familiarly called plunder. This strange
use of the term is probably derived from the Ger-
mans who abound in that quarter, plund
a vulgar term in German for baggage, from plun-
dern, to carry or bear off.
i )ER, r. t. To take by pillage or open force ;
to take by robbery. SYN. To pillage ; to spoil ; to
rob ; to sack ; to rifle.
PLUN'DER-ER, n. A pillager ; a robber.
PLCN DER-LNG, a. Pillaging ; rob!
PLUNGE, v. t. To thrust into something liquid or
soft ; to baptize by immersion ; to drive into any
state in which the thing is considered as sur-
rounded.
PLUNGE, r. t. To pitch ; to drive ; to rush.
B,Ti. A tlirusting into a fluid or soft sub-
stance ; act of pin
. ER, 7i. He or that which plunges ; a long
solid cylinder or forcer in pumps.
a. Driving; rushing headlong; in
u-ar, ap] lied to a fire poured down from guns
above or on a height.
PLU-PER ?ET, o. Noting the tense by which is
expre "ii or event that took place be-
fore some other past action or event.
PLU'RAL, a. Consisting of two or more ; in gram-
mar, applied to the number which designates
more than one.
PLU'RAL-IST, n. A clergyman who holds two or
more ecclesiastical benefices.
PLU-RAL'I-TY, 71. A number more than one, or
greater tbf.n any other, and less than half. Plu-
rality o/ toijs is when one candidate has more than
any other, but not so many as all others together.
See MAJORITY.
PLU'RAL-LY, ad. So as to imply more than one.
PLU-RI-PR$'ENCE, a. Present in more places
than one.
PLU'RI-SY, n. Superabundance, especially of
blood.
PLCS. The sign -f-, noting addition.
PLUSH, n. Shag ; a species of shaggy cloth, with
a velvety nap on one side.
PLU'TO, 7i. In mytiwlogy, the god of the infernal
regions.
PLU-TO'XI-AN^Tt. One who holds that moun-
PLU'TO-NIST, $ tains, &c., were formed by the
action of fire.
PLU-TON'I, o. Designating the system of the
Plutonists ; igneous rocks formed at some depth
below the surface of the earth.
PLC'VI-AL, \ a. Relating to rain. SYN. Showery;
PLC'VI-OUS, j rainy; wet; humid.
PLU-VI-AM E-TER or -OM'ETER, n. A rain-
guage ; an instrument for ascertaining the quan-
tity of water that falls in rain.
PLY, v. t. To put or bend to with force ; to employ
or practise with diligence, &c. ; to solicit with
pressing importunity. SYN. To urge ; press ;
strain ; force.
PLY, v. i. To urge; to busy one's self; to yield;
to try to make progress against the wind, &c.
PLY, n. A fold or plait ; a bend ; a i
PLY'ING, n. Urgent solicitude ; effort to make ,
way against the wind.
PNEU-MAT'ie, -Jnu'mat'ik), a. Consisting of
PM EU-MAT'I-AL, $ or pertaining to air ; moved
by air.
PNEU-MAT'IS (nu-mat'iks), n. pi. The science
of the air and of the gases ; treatise on elastic
fluids.
PNEU-MA-TOL'0-GY, n. The science of elastic
fluids or of spiritual substances.
PNEC'MO-NY '\ n ' I nnamma tion of the lungs.
PNEC-MON'I, a. Pertaining to the lungs ; n. pi.
medicines for affections of the lungs.
PNEU-MO-NI'TIS, n. In medicine, inflammation
of the lungs.
POACH, r. t. To boil slightly ; to steal game ;
to tread soft ground and leave deep tracks.
i f, v. i. To be trodden with deep tracks.
POACHED (pocht), a. Slightly boiled or softened ;
trodden with deep tracks.
POACH'ER, n. One who kills game unlawfully.
POACH'ING, n. The act or employment of a
poacher.
[ Y, a. Soft ; muddy ; yielding to the feet.
POCK, n. A pustule on th 3 skin in sinall-pox.
POCK'ET, n. A small bag in a garment.
POCK'ET, v. t. To put in the pocket ; to steal; to
poc/cet an affront, to receive it without resent-
ment.
POCK'ET-BQQK, n. A book to be carried in the
pocket.
POCK FRET-TEN (-frSt-tn), a. Pitted with the
small-pox.
POCK'MARK, } "' ' J!he I** made b r small-pox.
POCK% a. Full of pocks; infected with small-
pox.
POD, n. A capsule ; pericarp or seed-case.
POD, y. i. To grow or swell, as pods.
PO-DAG'Rie, ) a. Gouty ; amicted with the
PO-DAG'RI-AL, j gout, or pertaining to it.
1'ODG'Y (piidg'y) a. Thick and soft, as podgy
hands.
PO'EM, n. A composition in verse.
PO'E-SY, n. Poetry ; art of writing verse.
WET, n. One who writes or is skilled in poetry.
PO'ET-AS-TEK, 7i. A poor poet or rhymer.
POET-ESS, n. A female poet.
PO-T'I, > a. Written in verse ; suitable to
PO-T'I-AL, f poetry; sublime; possessing the
peculiar qualities of poetry.
POE 344 POL
I, fl, *0., long. X, S, &C., sTlOrt. CiRE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WH^T ; TttftRE, TKRM; MARINE, BlBD; MOVB.
PO-ET'16-AL-LY, ad. With the qualities or by the
art, or in the manner of poetry.
PO-ET'IS, n. pi. The doctrine of poetry.
PO'ET-IZE, v. i. To write as a poet.
PO'ET-LAU'EE-ATE, n. A poet whose office is to
celebrate the birth-days of a prince or other spe-
eial occasions; the king's poet.
PO'ET-EY, n. Metrical composition; the art or
practice of composing in verse ; poems ; the lan-
guage of excited feeling or imagination.
POIGN'AN-CY (poin'an-sy), n. The power of
Stimulating the organs of hate or of irritating
the feelings. SYN. Sharpness ; asperity ; keen-
ness ; acuteness.
POIGN'ANT (poin'ant), a. Stimulating or irritat-
ing the organs or the feelings ; producing a sense
of sharpness or of pain. SYN. Sharp; severe;
keen ; satirical ; bitter.
POIGN'A N T-LY, ad. With keenness of point.
POI'KI-LlT-I!, a. Belonging to the New Bed
Sandstone.
POIND'ING, n. A process by which a debtor's
movables are transferred to a creditor.
POINT, n. Literally, a projection, as a headland,
cape, &c.; hence, something sharp or pricldng,
as the point of a knife, the point of an epigram ; an
indivisible part, as a point of time or "space ; the
switch of a railway ; measure ; particular re-
spect; aim ; position ; cordage for reefing; divi-
sion of the horizon ; punctilio ; a mark of division
in printing, as a comma. Srw. Apex; tip; sum-
mit.
POINT, v. t. To sharpen ; to direct toward an ob-
ject ; to aim ; to mark with characters for desig-
nation ; to mark with vowel-points ; to fill inter-
stices with mortar ; to divide by stops ; v. i. to
direct the finger for designating an object ; to in-
dicate, as dogs to sportsmen ; to show distinctly.
POINTAL, n. The pistils of a plant.
POINT-BLANK, a. In gunnery, havins a hori-
zontal direction; hence, direct; ad. horizontally;
directly.
POINT D'AP'PUI (pwa dSp'pwe), [Fr.] Point of
support ; a fixed point at which troops form, and
on which operations rest.
POINTED, a. Having a sharp point ; marked by
keenness or sharpness. STK. Sharp ; keen ; se-
vere ; satirical ; epigrammatic ; direct.
POINT'ED-LY, ad. With point, severity, or keen-
ness.
POINTEE, n. A thing that points ; the hand of a
time piece ; an index ; a dog trained to point out
gamt
POLNI
)LNTING, n. The act of marking stops ; punc-
tuation ; the state of being marked or having
points; the act of filling crevices of a wall with
mortar, &c., or the material to be used.
POINTLESS, a. Having no point ; blunt ; dull;
obtuse ; stupid.
POISE (poiz), n. that which causes bodies to de-
scend ; the weight of a steelyard ; balance ; equi-
librium.
POISE (poiz), v. t. To balance in weight ; to
weigh ; to ascertain or examine.
POI'SON (poi'zn), n. That which is noxious to life
or health; figuratively, that which is injurious to
morals, &c. SYN. Venom. Poison usually denotes
something received into the system by the mouth,
breath, &c. ; venom something applied externally
or discharged from animals, as by the bite or sting
of serpents, scorpions, &c. Venom is also more
active and malignant in its operation than poison,
and hence is a stronger term.
POI'SON (poi'zn), v. t. To infect with poison; to
taint ; to impair or corrupt.
POI'SONED, a. Infected or destroyed by poison.
POI'SON-EE (poi'zn-er), n. One who poisons ano-
ther.
tOrsON-OUS (poi'zn-us), a. Having the qualities
of poison ; venomous ; destructive.
POI'SON-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
fatal or injurious to health and soundness.
POKE, n. A pocket; a small bag, as a pig in a
pofce; a machine to prevent unruly beasts from
leaping fences; a push or punch, as with the
elbow, &c.
POKE, v. t. To thrust or push with any thing
pointed ; to feel for with a long instrument ; to
stir; to put a poke on; v. i. to grope, as in the
dark.
POKE, 1 n . A plant, called also cocum,
POKE'-WUED.f bearing terries which yield a
dark purple juice.
POK'EE, n. One that pokes ; an iron bar for stir-
ring a coal fire ; in America, any frightful object
in the dark ; a bugbear.
PO-LA'EE, \ n. A vessel with three masts, each
PO-LA'!A, j of a single piece, &c.
PO'LAE, a. Pertaining to the poles of the earth ;
proceeding from one of the regions near the
poles, or so situated.
PO-LAE'I-SeOPE, n. An instrument for exhibit-
ing the polarization of light.
PO-LAE'I-TY, n. Quality of pointing to the pole ;
state of a body as having poles.
PO-LAE-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of giving polarity
to a body; state of having polarity.
PO'LAE-IZE, v. t. To communicate polarity to.
PO'LAE-IZED, a. Having polarity communicated
to ; possessing the property of polarity, [perch.
POLE, n. A slender piece of timber; a rod or
POLE, n. One of the extremities of the axis upon
which the sphere turns; the extremity of the
earth's axis ; the star which is vertical io the pole
of the earth ; one of the two points of a magnet
corresponding to the poles of the earth.
POLE, v. t. To furnish with poles for support ; to
push with poles, as a boat.
POLE'-AX, n. A hatchet fixed on a pole.
POLE'-STAE, n. A star vertical to the pole of the
earth; a lode-star ; the polar star ; a guide.
POLE'-AT, n. A small animal secreting a fetid
liquor; the skunk.
POL'E-MAEH (-mark), n. An Athenian magis-
trate who superintended strangers, and children
of those who died in war.
PO-LKMTC, n. A disputant ; a contrqvertist ; one
who maintains a system in opposition to an-
other.
PO-LEM'I, Ja. Controversial; engaged in
PO-LEMTG-AL, J supporting an opinion or sys-
tem by controversy.
PO-LEM'IS, n. pi. Controversy, especially on re-
ligious subjects,
PO-LEM'O-SOPE, n. An oblique perspective
glass for seeing- objects not directly before the
eyes.
PO-LEN'TA, n. [It.] In Italy, a pudding made of
maize flour.
PO-LICE' (po-leece'), n. The government of a city
or town ; the internal regulation of a state ; body
of civil officers.
PO-LTCED' (po-leesf), (_ o. Eegulated by a system
POL'ICIED (p51'e-sidU of laws.
PO-LICE'-OF-FI-CER, > , . ,, (n. An officer
PO-LICE'MAN, J j(po-leece-'), | t o execute
the laws of a city.
POL'I-CY, n. Art or system of government ; pru-
dence; art ; stratagem ; cunning ; contract of in-
surance. See POLITY. In Scotland, a pleasure-
ground.
POL'ISH, v. t. To make smooth ; to refine in man-
ners ; v. i. to become smooth ; to receive a gloss ;
to take a smooth and glossy surface.
POL'ISH, n. Artificial gloss ; elegance of manners.
POL'ISHED (pol'isht), a. Made smooth and glossy ;
refined; polite.
POL'ISH-EE, n. The person or thing that polishes.
POL'ISH-ING, n. The act of making smooth and
glossy or of refining manners; smoothness; glos-
siness ; refinement.
PO-LITE', a. Having elegance or refinement of
manners ; well bred ; characterized by courtesy.
SYN. Polished ; refined ; courteous ; obliging.
POL
345
POM
DOVE, W<?LF, BOOK ; BLE, BtTLL; Vf'CIOUS
PO-LITE'LY, ad. Genteelly; elegantly; court-
FO-LtTE'NESS, n. Kind attention united to polish
of manners. SYN. Courtesy. Politeness (from
Gr. polls, a city), denotes that ease and graceful-
ness of manners which first sprung up in cities,
connected with a desire to please others by anti-
cipating their wants and wishes, and studiously
avoiding whatever might give them pain. Court-
esy is, etymologically, that modification of polite-
ness which belongs to courts ; it displays itself in
the address and manners ; it is shown more es-
pecially in receiving and entertaining others, and
is a union of dignified complaisance and kind-
ness.
POL-I-TESSE', n. Over-acted politeness.
POL'I-TIG, a. Sagacious in devising and execut-
ing measures for the public welfare ; well adapted
to public prosperity ; ingenious to devise and
adopt means to an end ; well adapted to the end.
:--. Wise; prudent; discreet; sagacious;
! : cunning.
PO-LlT'I-G-AL, o. Relating to a state or to public
.> tires; treating of politics or government.
PO-LlT'I-AL-LY, ad. With reference to a state
or to politics .
POL-I-T1"CIAN (-ttsh'an) , n. A person who is ver-
sed in or devoted to politics ; an artful man.
POL'I-TIS, n. pi. The science of government ;
political affairs ; the contests of parlies for power.
POL'I-TT, 11. Form or constitution of government.
STN. Policy. These two words were originally
the same. Polity is now confined to the structure
of a government, as civil or ecclesiastical polity ;
while policy is applied to the management of pub-
lic affairs, as foreign or domestic policy. Policy
has the further sense of skilful or cunning man-
agement.
POL'KA, n. A Hungarian dance.
POLL (pole), n. The head; register of heads ; elec-
tion.
POLL, v. t. To lop the tops of trees ; to cut off
hair ; to receive votes at an election ; to bring to
the polls.
POL'LARD, n. A tree, the head of which has been
lopped off; a mixture of bran and meal; aiish;
v. t. to Ion the tops of trees.
POL'LE N, n. The fecundating dust of plants.
POLL'EU, n. One who polls ; one that lops trees;
one that registers voters.
POL'LQCK, n. A sea-fish of the cod family.
POL-LUTE' (28), v.t. To make foul or unclean;
to taint with guilt ; to corrupt or impair by mix-
ture of ill ; to violate by illegal sexual commerce.
SYN. To defile; soil; contaminate; vitiate; de-
bauch ; dishonour.
POL-LOT ER, n. One who defiles; one who pro-
fanes.
POL-LO'TIOF, n. Act of defiling ; the state of
being polluted; the effect of sin. STN. Defile-
ment ; uncleanness ; impurity ; contamination ;
corruption : violation.
PO-LO-NAISE', n. A robe or dress ; a dance.
POLT, n. Colloquially, a blow or stroke.
POL-TROON', 11. An arrant coward; a dastard.
See COWAKD.
POL-TROON 'ER-Y, n. Arrant cowardice; base-
ness of mind ; want of spirit.
POL'Y, in compound words, signifies many.
POLTT-AN-DRI-AN, a. Having many, or more than
twenty stamens.
POL-Y-ANTH'US, n. A plant with flowers in
clusters.
PO-LY! RAC-Y, n. Government by many rulers.
PO-LYG'A-MIST, n. One who vindicates or prac-
tises polygamy.
PO-LYG'A-MY, 11. Plurality of wives or husbands
at the same time.
POL'Y-GLOT, a. Containing many languages ;
n. a book containing many languages ;
Jarl;/, the Bible.
POL'Y-GON, n. A figure of many angles and sides.
as K ; 6 as J ; * as z ; CH as SH ; smm.
PO-LYG'O-NAL, a. Having many an
PO-LYG'O-NUM, n. A genus of plants hav ing man j
joints, as bind-weed, &c.
POL'Y-GRAM, n. A figure of many lines.
POL'Y-GRAPH, n. An instrument to multiply
easily copies of a writing.
PO-LYG'RA-PH Y, n. The art of writing in various
ciphers, also of deciphering them.
POL-Y-HE'DRAL, a. Having many sides.
POL-Y-HE'DRON, n. A body having many sides;
in optics, a multiplying-glass, called also poly-
scope.
PO-LYM'A-THY, n. Varied knowledge and skill.
POL-Y-MORPH'OUS, a. Having many forms.
POL-Y-N'$IA (-ue'zhea), n. The isles in the
Pacific.
POL-Y-NE'$IAN, a. Pertaining to Polynesia.
POL-Y-NO'MI-AL, a. Containing ninny terms or
names.
POL'YPE, n. An aquatic animal with a cylindric
body, and a mouth at one extremity surrounded
by tentacles, which forms coral by the secretion
of calcareous matter.
POL-Y-PfiT'AL-OUS, a. Having many petals.
PO-LYPH'O-NOUS a. Haying many sounds, ,a<3 in
echoes ; assuming the voices of many speakers.
POL'Y-POUS, a. Of the nature of a polypus.
POL'Y-PUS, n.; pi. POL'Y-PUS-ES or PoL-Y-rl.
Something that has many feet ; a tumour with a
narrov.
POL-Y-SPERM'OUS, a. Containing many seeds.
POL-Y-SYL-LAB'I, \a. Consisting of many
POL-Y-SYL-LAB'I!-AL, ) syllables.
POL'Y-SYL-LA-BLE, n. A word of more than three
syllables.
POL-Y-T-GH'NI (pol-e-tek'nik), a. Comprehend-
ing many arts, as the polytechnic school.
PO-LY-THAL'A-MOUS, a. Many chambered.
POL'Y-THE-ISM, n. The doctrine of a plurality of
gods.
POl/Y-THE-IST, n. One who believes in the doc-
trine of a plurality of gods.
POL-Y-THE-lST'K), } a. Pertaining to poly-
POL-Y-THE-lST'IG-AL, $ theism.
POL-Y-ZO'ON, n. ; pi. POL-Y-ZO'A, n. One of the mi-
nute mollusca that inhabit compound phytoidal
structures, like the flustra, &c.
POM'ACE (puni'ace), n. The substance of apples,
&c., crushed.
PO-MA'CEOUS (-ma'shus), a. Consisting of pomace
or like it.
PO-MADE', n. Perfumed ointment.
PO-MAN'DER, n. A perfumed ball or powder.
PO-MA'TUM, n. A perf Limed unguent for the hair.
PO-MA'TUM, v. t. To apply pomatum to the hair.
POME, n. The fleshy capsule or core, as of an npple.
POME-GRAN'ATE (pum-), n. A fruit of th.-
an orange, filled with pulp and numerous seeds ;
the tree producing it.
PO-MlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing apples or other
larger fruits, as melons, gourds, &c.
POM'MEL (pum'mel), n. A knob; a protuberance
on a saddle.
POM'MEL (pum'mel), v. t. To beat, as with some-
thing thick or protuberant; to thump ; to bruise.
POM-MEL'ION (-mel'yun), n. The cascabel or knob
of a cannon.
PO-MO-LOG'LG-AL, a. Relating to pomology.
PO-MOL'O-GlST, 11. One versed in poinol
FO-MOL'O-GY, 11. Art of rearing fruit.
POMP, n. A splendid show, exhibition, or cere-
mony. SYN. Display; pageant; ma-nificence ;
ostentation ; splendour ; parade ; grandeur.
POMP'ET, n. A printer's ball for blacking types.
POMP'I-ON (pump'e-on), n. A pumpkin.
POM-POS'1-TY, ) n. Ostentation ; magnificence ;
POM P'OUS-NESS, f great show.
POMP'OUS, a. Displaying pomp or characterized
by ostentation. &c. tiYN. Stately ; showy ; osten-
tatious ; grand ; dignified ; magisterial ; boast-
ful
POMP'OUS-LY, ad. Splendidly; with great parade.
PON
I, S, &c., long. I, t, &c., short.-
346 FOR
;ARE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TEEM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
PON'CHO, n. [Sp.] A kind of cloak used by the
Mexicans.
POND, n. A body of standing water, natural or
artificial, of any size between a pool and a lake.
POND, v. t. To make a pond or form a collection
of water by stopping a stream.
PON'DER, v. t. To think upon closely and delib-
erately ; to examine with great care ; v . i. to think
or consider closely, with on. SYN. To consider :
muse. To consider (literally, to sit down by)
means to view or contemplate with fixed thought ;
to ponder (lit., to weigh) denotes to dwell upon
with long and anxious attention, with a view to
some practical result or decision ; to mu.se is sim-
ply to think upon continuously with no definite
object, or for the pleasure it gives. We consider
any subject which is fairly brought before us ; we
ponder a concern involving great interests; we
muse on the events of childhood.
PON-DER-A-BlL'I-TY, n. The state of being pon-
derable.
PON'DER- A- BLE, a. That may be weighed.
PON'DER-ANCE, n. Weight ; gravity.
PON-DER-OS'I-TY, ) n. Weight; gravity;
PON'DER-OUS-NESS, j heaviness.
PON'DER-OUS, o. Having weight or force, or
strongly impellent; being of moment or conse-
quence. SYN. Heavy ; weighty ; massy ; forcible ;
important ; momentous.
PON'DER-OUS-LY, ad. With great weight.
PON-GEE', n. An inferior Indian silk.
PON'GO, n. A large species of ape resembling the
orang-outang.
PON'IARD (pon'yard), n. A small dagger.
PON'IARD, v. t. To pierce with a poniard.
PONT' AGE, n. A duty paid for repairing a bridge.
A high priest ; in modern times, the
Belonging to a high priest.
A book of ecclesiastical ritet
PON'TIFF, n.
title of the Pope.
PON-TIF'I-AL, a.
PON-TiF'I-AL, n.
and forms.
PON-TiF'I--e ALS, n. pi. Full dress of a bishop.
PON-TIF'I-GATE, n. The dignity of high priest ;
the papacy.
PON'TI-FlCE, . Structure of a bridge.
PON-TI-F1"CIAL (-fish'al), ") a. Pertaining to the
PON-TI-Fl"CIAN (-fish'an), $ Pope ; papistical.
PON-TOON', n. A flat-bottomed boat, used b:
armies for making bridges ; a lighter.
PO'NY, n.; pi. PO'NIES. A small horse.
POOD, n. A Russian weight of 36 pounds Eng-
lish.
POO'DLE, n. A variety of pet dog.
POOL, n. A small collection or basin of water ; the
stakes played for in a certain game of cards.
POOP, n. The highest and aftermost part of a ship's
deck.
POOP-ED (poopt), a. Having a poop; struck on
the stern by a heavy sea.
POOR, a. Destitute of property ; wanting strength,
value, fertility, or good qualities in general; a
word of tenderness or of contempt. SYN. Needy ;
indigent; barren; mean; paltry; trifling; piti-
able; small; lean.
POOR'-HOUSE, n. A public establishment for the
support of the poor.
POOK'-JOHN, n. Hake, salted and dried.
FOOR'LY, a. Indisposed ; somewhat ill.
POOR'LY, ad. Without wealth, spirit, or dignity ;
meanly.
POOK'NESS, n. Poverty ; want ; barrenness.
POP, n. A smart, quick sound or report.
POP, ad. Unexpectedly.
POP, v. i. To enter or issue with a quick, sudden
motion; to dart; v. t. to thrust suddenly with
a quick motion.
POPE, n. Father ; the bishop of Rome.
POPE'DOM (pope'dum), n. The dignity or juris-
diction of the Pope.
POP'ER-Y, n. The Popish or Romish religion.
POPE'S-EYE, n. A gland surrounded by fat in the
middle of the thigh.
POP'GUN, n. A small gun used by children to
shoot wads, &c.
POP'IN-JAY (pop'in-ja), n. A parrot; a wood-
pecker ; a fop ; an artificial bird used in a shoot-
ing game as a mark.
POPISH, a. Pertaining to the Pope or taught by
the Pope ; peculiar to popery.
PC) P'ISH-LY, ad. With a tendency to popery.
POP'LAR, 11. A tree of several species.
POP'LIN, n. A stuff made of silk and worsted.
POP-LlTOef 1 '' } a> Pertainin S t( > tb -e tarn.
POP'PY, n. A plant from one species of which is
collected opium.
POP'0-LACE (pop'yu-lace), n. The common peo-
ple ; the multitude ; all persons not of rank, edu-
cation, office, or erudition ; mob, which see.
POP'U-LAR (p5p'yu-lar) , a. Pleasing, pertaining,
or suitable to the people ; prevailing among the
people; easy; plain; familiar.
POP-0-LlR'I-TY, n. State of having the public
favour.
POP'0-LAR-IZE, v. t. To make popular or com-
mon.
POF0-LAR-LY, ad. With public favour ; accord
ing to the conceptions of the common people.
POP'C-LATE, v. i. To breed people ; to propagate.
POP'0-LATE, v. t. To furnish with inhabitants.
POP-0-LA'TION, 11. The act of peopling or fur-
nishing with inhabitants ; whole people of a
country ; the state of a country with regard to
the number of its inhabitants, &c.
POP'0-LOUS, a. Full of people; well inhabited.
POP'0-LOyS-LY, ad. With many inhabitants in
proportion to the extent of the country.
POP'U-LOUS-NESS, n. The state of having many
inhabitants in proportion to the extent of land.
POR'BEAGLE, n. A species of shark.
POR'CE-LAIN, n. The finest earthenware, origin-
ally manufactured in China. [lain.
POR'CE-LAIN, a. Composed of or relating to porce-
PORCH, n. An entrance or vestibule to a house ;
portico ; covered walk.
POR'CINE, a. Pertaining to swine ; hog-like.
POR'U -PINE, n. A rodent quadruped with sharp
prickles erectable as a means of defence.
PORE, n. A minute passage in the skin or in other
substances ; a spiracle.
PORE, v. i. To look with steady attention
POR'I-NESS, n. State of being full of pores.
POR'ISM, n. A proposition in geometry, affirming
the possibility of finding such conditions as will
render a certain problem capable of many solu-
tions.
PORK, n. The flesh of swine, salted or fresh.
PORK'LING,} 11 ' A young hog; a small pig.
PO-ROS'I-TY, ") n. The quality of having pores
PO'ROUS-NESS, j or many pores.
PO'ROUS, a. Having pores or interstices.
POR-PHY-RIT'I-G, >a. Partaking of or re-
POR-PHY-RA'CEOUS, j sembling porphyry ;
composed of porphyry.
POR'PHY-RY, n. Any rock containing crystals
distinct from the main mass, of various colours
and decrees of hardness.
POR'POISE (por'pus), n. The sea-hog; a cetace-
ous fish.
POR'RIDGE, n. A mixture of meal or flour and
water or milk boiled ; broth.
POR'RIN-GER, n. A small metal vessel.
PORT, n. An opening in the side of a ship of war
through which cannon are discharged; a port-
hole ; the lid which shuts a port-hole ; external
appearance ; manner of walk ; the larboard or
left side of a ship ; a kind of wine from Oporto;
a harbour. SYN. Air ; mien ; bearing ; carriage ;
demeanour; behaviour; deportment; haven.
PORT, v. t. To carry in form ; to turn or put to
the larboard side of a ship.
FOR
D6VB, WOLF, BOOK; R^LE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS.
PORTA-BLE, a. That may be carried by the hand
or easily ; that may be borne along with one.
PORTAGE, n. Act of carrying ; price of carriage
carrying place between navigable waters.
PORTAL, n. A gate ; a kind of arch ; an opening
for entrance.
PORT-fRAY'ON, n. A crayon-holder.
POli'i -{'UL'LIS, n. In fortification, a frame armec
with iron within the chief gateway, to be let down
for defence in emergencies ; an ancient coin.
PORT-CL'LIS, v. t. To shut ; to bar or obstruct
PORTE, TI. The Ottoman court.
PORTE'-MON-NAIE (port'-mun-na), n. [Fr.] A
leathern purse for carrying money.
POR-TEND', v. t. To indicate something futur<
by previous signs. SYN. To forebode ; augur
presage ; threaten ; foreshow.
POR-TENT, n. An omen of ill ; a sign.
POR-TENTOUS, a. Foreboding; ominous; mon
strous ; wonderful.
POR-TENT'OUS-LY, ad. In an ominous manner.
PORTER, n. One having charge of a gate; a car-
rier ; a dark brown malt liquor.
PORTER-A(iE, n. Money paid for carriage; the
business of a porter.
PORTFIRE, n. A composition of saltpetre, sul
phur, and mealed powder, used as a match to
discharge cannon.
PORT-FOL'IO (-yo), n. ; pi. POBT-FOL'IOS. A port-
able case for papers.
PORTHOLE, n. The embrasure of a ship of war.
POR'TI-O, n. ; pi. PGB'Ti-eos. A piazza, gallery,
or covered walk.
PORTION (por'shun), TI. A separate part; part
assigned ; the property a woman brings with her
in marriage ; share of an inheritance. SYN. Part.
Part is generic, having a simple reference to
some whole; portion has the additional idea of
being detached from a whole, usually with a view
to its being allotted to some object, as a portion
of one's time.
PORTION, v. t. To divide ; to allot ; to endow.
PORTION-IST, n. One who has an academical
allowance; the incumbent of a benefice having
more rectors or vicars than one.
PORTION -LESS, a. Having no portion.
PORTLI-NESS, n. Dignity of mien or personal
appearance ; largeness of person.
PORTLY, a. Of a large and full person ; bulky ;
commanding in appearance.
PORT-MANTEAU (port-man'to) , n. A bag for car-
rying clothes in, usually made of leather.
PORTRAIT, ) n. A picture ; a painted like-
POR'TRAIT-ORE,) ness, especially of the face.
POR-TRAY' (por-tra), v. t. To paint ; to draw ; to
describe.
POR-TRAY'AL (-tra'al), n. The act of portray-
ing.
POR-TRAY'ER, n. One who paints or describes.
PORTRESS, n. The female keeper of a gate.
PORTREVE, ) n. The chief officer of a port or
PORTREEVE, J maritime town.
PORT-TOWN, n. A town with a harbour.
PORTU-GUE^E, a. Relating to Portugal; n. a
native of Portugal.
PORTT, a. Containing pores or small interstices.
PO$E (poze), v. t. To puzzle or put to a stand.
POS'ER, n. One who puzzles ; a close examiner ;
something that, as a question, puzzles.
POS'IT-ED, a. Placed; put; set.
PO-$1"TION Cpo-zlsh'un) , TI . State of being placed ;
manner of standing or being placed; principle
laid down ; state of affairs in relation to others,
&c. ; a method of solving problems in arithmetic,
&c. SYN. State ; condition ; situation ; atti-
tude.
POS'I-TlVE, a. That is laid down or settled;
hence, expressed, not implied ; actual or affirma-
tive, not negative; direct, not circumstantial ;
absolute, not conditional ; settled by arbitrary
appointment as opposed to natural ; positive de-
graeofan adjective, the unqualified form of it.
347 POS
asK; dasJ; sasz; cnassn; THIS.
SYN. Direct ; explicit ; express ; real ; absolute ;
certain ; confident ; dogmatic.
POS'I-T1VE-LY, ad. In a positive form or manner ;
absolutely ; certainly ; really.
POS'I-TlVE-NESS, TI. Undoubting assurance ;
reality of existence.
POS'I-TIV-ISM, n. Positiveness ; the positive phi-
losophy of Comte; "the philosophy of the
sciences, as basis for a new social faith."
POS'SE COM-I-TA'TUS, n. The citizens in general,
as summoned to assist the officers of justice.
POS-SKS3' (pos-sess' or pos-s5ss') v. t. To hold as
one's own by right of property ; to hold without
title ; to occupy or control by force, as an evil
spirit. SYN. To have. Hare is the word natur-
ally used ; to possess denotes to have " as a pos-
session." A man does not possess his wife and
children ; they are part of himself. For the same
reason, we have (not posess) the faculties of rea-
son, will, &c., an elegant taste, a sound judg-
ment, &c. ; they are exercises of the mind, not
possessions.
POS-SES'SION or POS-SES'SION, n. The holding
or occupancy of a thing; thing possessed; any
thing valuable ; state of being in the power of in-
visible beings, as demoniacal possession.
POS-SESS'lVE or POs-SESS'iVE, a. Having or
noting possession.
POS-SESS'OR or POS-SfiSS'OR, n. The person
who holds or occupies. SYN. Owner; proprietor;
master; occupant.
POS-SESS'O-RY or POS-$SS'O-RY, a. Having
possession or relating to it.
POS'SET, n. Milk curdled with wine or othei
liquors ; v. t. to curdle ; to turn.
POS-SI-BlL'I-TY, n. The power of existing or
happening.
POS'SI-HLE, a. That may be; that may happen
or come to pass. See PRACTICABLE.
POS'SI-BLY, ad. So that it may be. SYN. Per-
haps ; peradveuture ; perchance.
POST, in compound words, signifies after.
POST, n. A messenger ; a public office or employ-
ment; a military station or troops holding it;
place ; a timber set or to be set upright ; letter-
_ paper.
POST, v. t. To station ; to set on a post ; to carry
to a ledger.
POST, u i. To travel with speed ; to hasten.
1'OiST A6.E, TI. Money paid for conveyance of let-
ters by mail.
POSTAL, a. Belonging to the post-office, as postal
arrangements.
POSTB1LL, 71. A bill of letters mailed by a post-
master.
POST'-BOY, n. A boy who carries the mc.il.
POST-CHAISE (-shaze),) n. A four-wheeled car-
POST-eOACH, f riage for the convey-
ance of passengers.
POST-DATE, v. t. To date after the true time.
POST-DI-LO'VI-AL, ") a. Being after the flood in
POST-Dl-LC'VI-ANj Noah's days.
POST-Dl-LC VI-AN, n. One who lived after the
flood or who has lived since that event.
POST-ENTRY, n. A second entry at the custom-
house of goods omitted by mistake ; in book-keep-
ing, a subsequent entry.
POSl'ER, n. One who posts books; a courier; a
large bill for posting in a public place.
POS-T'RI-OR, a. Later in time or order ; follow-
ing. See ANTERIOR.
POS-TE-KI-OR'I-TY, n. The state of being later or
subsequent.
POS-TE-RI-ORS, n. pi. The hinder parts of an ani-
mal body.
POS-TEK'I-TY, n. Descendants, or, in a general
sense, succeeding generations.
POSTERN, n. A small back gate or little door.
POST-FIX', v. t. To add or annex at the end.
POST'-HASTE, n. Full speed ; ad. very hastily.
POST-HORSE, n. A horse for the use of a posf>
rider.
POS
348
POU
I, *, &c., lonj. I, ft, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
POST-HOUSE, n. A house for receiving and des
patching letters.
POSTHU-MOUS, a. Being after one's decease;
born after a father's death ; published after the
de-.ith of an author.
POST'HU-MOUS-LY, ad. After one's death.
POS'TIL, n. A marginal note ; originally, a note in
the margin of a Bible.
POS'TIL, v. t. To write marginal notes; v. i. to
comment.
PGS-TILL'ION (pos-tn'yun), n. One who rides and
guides the horses of a post-chaise.
POST'ING, 71. The transferring of accounts to a
ledger ; the travelling post or with post-horses.
POST-MAN, . ; pi. POST'MEN. A letter-carrier ; a
courier.
POST-MARK, n. The postmaster's stamp on a
letter.
POST'-MAS-TER, n. The officer who has charge
of a post-office, or one who provides post-horses.
POST-ME-RID'I-AN, a. Being after noon.
POSTMORTEM. [L.] After death. A post mortem
examination of a body is one made after the death
of the patient.
POST-NOTE, n. A promissory note of a bank
payable (post) after its date at some specified
period, thus being negotiable paper.
POST-OB'IT, n. [L.] A bond payable after the
death of the obligor.
POST'-OF-FlCE, n. A place where mail letters are
received for delivery and transmission.
POSTPAID (-pade), a. Having the postage paid.
POST- PONE', v. t. To defer to another time; to
set below something else; to put off. STN. To
defer ; delay ; procrastinate ; hinder j retard ;
adjourn, which see.
POST-PONE'MENT, n. Act of deferring ; delay.
POST-POS'I-TlVE, a. Placed after something.
POSTSCRIPT, n. A paragraph, or a part added to
a writing.
POST-TOWN, n. A town having a post-office.
POST'0-LANT, n. One who makes a demand.
POSTO-LATE (post'yu-late), n. A position as-
sumed without proof a self-evident problem.
POSTU-LATE, v. t. To solicit; to require; to as-
sume_ without proof or without consent.
POS-TO-LA'TION, n. The act of exposing without
proof; the act of requiring by entreaty. SYN.
Assumption ; supplication ; intercession ; suit ;
cause. *
POSTO-LA-TO-RY, o. Assuming without proof;
assumed without proof.
POST0RE (post'yur), n. The form or attitude in
which any thing is placed. SYN. Position ; situa-
tion ; state ; condition ; disposition ; attitude,
which see.
POSTORE, v. t. To place or dispose in a certain
PolsTORE-MAS'TER (post'yur.), TV. One who
practises or teaches postures.
PO'SY, n. ; pi. PO'SIES. A motto on a ring; a nose-
FALL, WHAT; THf,RE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
PO'TEN-CY, n. Physical or moral power. SYN.
Strength; might; efficacy; energy.
POTENT, a. Having physical power or influence
or great authority. SYN. Mighty ; puissant ;
powerful; strong; efficacious; able; forcible;
influential: efficient.
POTENT-ATE, n. One who has great power;. a
prince or sovereign.
PO-TENTIAL (-teu'shal), a. Having power ; exist-
?, n. A vessel for holding or boiling liquors ;
the quantity held by a pot, as a pot of ale, &c.
POT, v. t. To preserve in pots ; to put in pots.
POT-POUR-KI (po-poor-re), n. A hotch-potch; a
mixture of odoriferous flowers and other fragrant
substances.
PO'TA-BLE, a. Fit to be drunk ; drinkable.
PO'TA-BLE, n. Something for drink.
POTASH, n. Popular name of the vegetable fixed
alkali from the ashes of plants.
PO-TAS'SA, n. Scientific name of pure potash.
PO-TAS'SI-UM, n. The metallic basis of pure
potash.
PO-TA'TION, n. A drinking ; a draught.
PO-TA'TO, n. ; pi. PO-TA'TOES. A plant and its
esculent root.
PO'TA-TOR-Y, o. Relating to drinking.
POT-BE L-LID (-bel-lid), a. Having a prominent
belly.
PO-TEEN', n. Irish whisky.
ing in possibility.
PO-TEN-TIAL'I-TY
(-shol'e-ty), n. Possibility;
ad. In possibility ; not posi-
not reality.
PO-TENTIAL-LY,
tively ; in efficacy.
PO'TENT-LY, ad. With great force or energy j
powerfully; strongly.
POTH'ER, n. A bustle ; confusion ; stir.
P0 r f H'ER, v. t. To harass and perplex ; to make
a bustle or ineffectual effort ; to make a stir.
POT-HERB, 7i. An herb for kitchen
POT-HOOK, 71. A hook to hang a pot on ; a scrawl-
ing letter or character like a pot-hook. '
POTHOUSE, n. A low drinking-house.
POTION, n. A draught ; a dose.
POTSHERD, n. A piece of a broken i
POTSTONE, 71. A soft magnesiah rock, capable of
being formed into vases and pots ; lapis ollaris.
POTTAGE, u Porridge ; food made by boiling any
kind of meat and herbs.
POTTED, a. Placed, preserved, or drained in a
POTTER, n. One who makes earthen vessels.
POTTER'S-LAY, n. A variety of clay used by
potters.
POTTER- Y, n. The wares of a potter; the place
of their manufacture.
POTTLE, 7i. A measure of four pints; a pot 01
tankard. [liquor.
POT-VAL'IANT (-val'yant), a. Made courageous by
POUCH, u. A small bag ; purse ; pocket ; the bag
or sack of a bird.
POUCH, v. t. To pocket ; to swallow, as a bird.
POU-CHONG' (poo-shong'), n. A black tea.
POU-DRETTE' (poo-drSf), n. [Pr.] A manure
made from the contents of privies, mixed with
charcoal, &c.
POULT, 7i. A young chicken ; a pxillet ; a pout.
POUL'TER-ER, n. One who sells fowls.
POULTICE (pol'tis), n. A cataplasm; a soft ap-
plication to remove inflammations, &c.
POULTICE (pol'tis), v. t. To apply a poultice to :
to cover with a cataplasm.
POULTICED (pol'tist), a. Covered with a cata-
plasm.
POULTRY (pol'try), n. Domestic fowls.
POUNCE, n. The claw of a bird of prey ; a powdei
used to prevent ink from spreading.
POUNCE, v. t. To sprinkle with pounce ; to fall on
and sieze, as a bird its prey, with on or upon.
POUNCE'-BOX, n. A box for sprinkling pounce.
POUNCED, a. Furnished with claws, &c. ; sprink-
led with Dounce.
POUN'CET-BOX, n. A small box with perforated
lid for perfumes.
POUND, n. Weight of sixteen ounces avoirdupois,
or twelve of troy ; twenty shillings ; an inclosure
for cattle taken trespassing or going at large.
POUND, v. t. To beat or bruise ; to put in a pen.
POUND'AGE, n. A duty on the pound or on
twenty shillings.
POUND'ER, n. A pestle ; he or that which pounds ;
a person or thing designated from a certain num-
ber of pounds, as a six-pounder, &c.
POUR (pore), v. t. or v. i. To throw out, as a fluid ;
to send forth in abundance ; to throw in profu-
sion or with overwhelming violence.
POUR, v. i. To issue forth in a stream or con-
tinued succession of parts ; to flow.
POUT, n. A fit of sullenness ; a species of fish ; a
variety of bird.
POUT, v. i. To push out the lips ; to shoot out ;
to look sullen.
POU
049
PRE
D&VE, WOLF, B99K ; B^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS
POW'TER 1 n ' ^ l ar e 'breasted pigeon.
POUT'ING/n. Childish sulleness.
I .'.il-TY, 7i. Want of the necessary means of
support ; barrenness of sentiment or defect of
words in composition. SYN. Indigence ; pauper-
ism. Poverty is a relative term; what is poverty
to a gentleman would be competence for a day-
labourer. Indigence implies extreme distress and
almost absolute destitution. Pauperism denotes
entire dependence upon public charity, and is
therefore a hopeless and degraded state.
POWDER, n. A dry substance in minute particles ;
a granulated explosive compound of nitre, sul-
phur, and charcoal ; pulverized starch, &c., used
for the toilet. [duce to dust.
POWDER, v. t. To sprinkle with powder ; to re-
POW DER-FLASK, )n. A flask or horn in which
POWDER-HORN, ( gunpowder is kept.
POWDER-MILL, -n. A mill for making jrun
powder.
. -Exi-Y, a. Friable ; dusty ; easily crumbled.
POW'EK, n. In & philosophical sense, the faculty of
doing or performing any thing; force; animal
strength ; energy ; ability ; faculty ; momentum ;
violence; influence; command; the right of go-
verning; authority: divinity; warrant; right;
privilege. In arithmetic and algebra, the product
arising from the multiplication of a number or
quantity into itself. In optics, the magnifying
effect of a lens, &c.
POWER-FUL, a. Having great power; able to
produce great effects. SYN. Mighty; strong;
potent; puissaut: efficacious; forcible.
POWER-FlTL-LY/ad. Mightily; with great force.
POWER-FCL-NESS, n. The quality of having or
exerting great power. SYN. Might; force; en-
ergy; sway; strength.
POW'ER-LESS, a. Destitute of power. Srs.
Weak ; feeble ; invalid ; faint ; impotent.
POWER-LOOM, n. A loom worked by some me-
chanical force, as water, steam, &c.
POWER-PRESS, n. A printing-press worked by
steam, water, or other power.
POWWOW, n. An Indian conjurer or priest, or
conjuration with noise and dancing.
POX, n. A disease manifested by eruptions or pus-
tules ; syphilis or venereal disease.
POZ-ZU-O-LA'NACpot-su-o-la'na),) n. Volcanic
POZ-ZO-LA'NA (pot-so-li'na), $ ashes, used
in making a kind of mortar which hardens under
water.
PRAAM, n. A flat-bottomed boat or lighter.
PRA-TI-A-BILI-TY, \n. The oualitj or state
PRATI-A-BLE-NES3, j of being practicable;
Lbility.
PRA'TI-A-BLE, a. Capable of being per-
formed; that may be practised or used; a
practicable breach is one that can be entered by
troops. SYN. Possible. A thing may be possi-
ble, i.. , not forbidden by any law of nature, and yet
may not now be practicable for want of the means
requisite to its performance. Archimedes thought
it possible to lift the world, but this has not been
found as yet practicable.
PRA6TI-CAL, a. That can bo used or applied ;
derived from practice or experience ; noting one
who reduces his knowledge to use.
PRATI-AL-LY, ad. By use or experience.
PBAJTI-AL-NESS, n. The quality of being
prac;
PRACTICE, n. A doing repeatedly ; hence, cus-
tomary use ; exercise of a profession, <fcc. ; a rule
in arithmetic to facilitate the application of the
general rules. SYN. Custom; habit; exercise;
manner ; art, &c.
PRACTISE, v. t. To do or perform frequently or
habitually ; to pursue any art or profession. ; to
perpetrate; to exercise.
USE, v. i. To perform certain arts fre-
quently, customarily, or dextrously ; to transact
secretly ; to try experiments.
as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PRA-TI"TION-ER (-tlsh'un-er), n. One engaged
in an art or profession.
PRE-MC-NI'RE (pre-mu-ni're or prem-u-nl're), n.
The offence of contemning the King or his go-
vernment, especially by the introduction of
foreign authority ; the writ founded on it, or the
penalty incurred by it.
>IUE-NO'MEN, n. [L.]
, ... ._ ,] The first name.
PRAG-MATie, ) a. Forward to intermeddle ;
PRAG-MAT'I-AL, j impertinently busy; dicta-
torial.
PRAI'RIE (pra'ry), n. An extensive tract of land,
level or rolling, with few trees.
PRAI'RIE-DGG, n. A small quadruped that bur-
rows in the prairies west of the Mississippi.
E (praze), n. Commendation; tribute of
gratitude; object or ground of praise. SYN. En-
comium ; applause ; eulogy ; honour ; glory.
i 'RAISE (praze), v. t. To speak of in terms of high
commendation ; to magnify as worthy of all hon-
our. SYN. To applaud ; extol. To praise is liter-
ally to raise high ; to applaud is to greet with
clapping ; to extol is to bear aloft. We may
praise in the exercise of calm judgment; we usu-
ally applaud from impulse, and on account of
some specific act ; we extol under the influence of
high admiration, and usually in strong, if not un-
guarded language.
PEAISE'WOR-THI-NESS, n. The quality of de-
serving commendation.
PRAISE'W6R-THY (praze'wur-thy), o. Deserving
praise or applause ; laudable.
PRANCE, r. i. To spring up or bound, as a horse
in high action ; to ride with ostentation.
PRANC'ER, n. One that prances.
PRANC'ING, n. A springing or bounding, as of a
'i-mettled steed,
PRANK, v. t. To adorn ; to dress ostentatiously.
PRANK, n. A capering; capricious action; a
merry trick. SYN. Gambol; frolic; freak; sport.
PRANK'ISH, a. Full of pranks.
PRA SON (pra/sun), ?i. A leek-green seaweed.
PRATE, v. i. To talk much and idly. SYN. To
babble: chatter; gossip; tattle; n. continued
idle talk.
PRATER, n. An idle talker ; a chatterer.
PRAT ING, a. Talking much on trifling subjects.
'.)UE (pr&t'eek), n. A licence for intercourse
with a place after quarantine.
PRATTLE (prat'tl), v. i. To chatter; to talk like
a child ; n. childish talk.
.'LEE, n. One that prattles.
I'Y, 71. Deviation from right ; want of
rectitude; depravity; corruption; perversion;
wickedness.
PRAWN, n. A crustacean of the shrimp family
valued for food. [teach practice.
PR AX.' IS, n. [Gfr.] Use; practice ; an example to
PRAY (pra), v. i. To ask with earnestness or zeal ;
to ask, as for a favour; to address the Supremo
Being with reverence, adoration, &c., for mercy,
and thank him for favours. SYN. To entreat ;
bog ; petition ; beseech ; invoke ; v. t. to suppli-
cate ; to entreat ; to ask in ceremony or form.
PRAY'ER (prare), n. The act of earnestly asking
for a favour; a solemn address to the Supreme
Being; a formula of worship ; the thing asked.
SYN. Petition ; request ; supplication ; en-
; u-BOOK, n. A book with forms of prayer.
PRAY'ER-Ff L (4), a. Given to prayer ; devo-
tional.
ri-FUL-LY, ad. With much prayer.
PRAY'ER-LESS, a. Habitually neglecting prayer.
..ii-LESS-NESS, . Total or habitual ne-
glect of prayer.
refix, denotes be/ore in time or rank.
PREACH, v. i. or v. t. To pronounce a public dis-
course on a religious subject ; to proclaim ; to de-
liver, as a sermon.
PREACHED (preechd). a. Announced in public
discourse ; inculcated.
PEE
350
PEE
A, , &c., long. I, , &c., short, CARE, FAR, LAST,
PREACH'ER, n. One who preaches or inculcates
with earnestness.
PREACH'ING, n. Act of delivering a discourse;
a public religious discourse.
PR E-AD'AM-lTE, 7i. One who lived before Adam ;
one who holds that persons existed before Adam.
PBE-AD-MON'ISH, v. I. To warn beforehand ; to
admonish previously.
PBE-AU-MO-NTTIOU (-nish'un), n. Previous
warning.
PRE'AM-BLE, n. Introductory writing, or such
part of a statute giving the reasons and intent of
the law ; something previous.
PEE'AM-BLE, v. t. To introduce with previous
remarks.
PRE-AM'BU-LA-TO-RY, o. Going before.
PRKB'END, n. The stipend granted to a prebend-
ary of a cathedral.
PREB'END-AL, a. Pertaining to a prebend.
PREB'END-A-RY, n. The stipendiary of a cathe-
dral or of a collegiate church.
PRE-A'RI-OUS, a. Held by a doubtful tenure;
liable to fail or be lost at any moment. SYN. Un-
certain. Precarious is stronger than uncertain.
it first
: whol-
Thus it
came to express the highest species of uncertain-
ty, and is applied to such things as depend whol-
ly on tuture casualties.
PRE-A'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Uncertainly; depeud-
ently.
PRE-A'RI-OUS-NSS, n. State of uncertainty ;
doubt ; dependence.
PRE'A-TlVE, ") a. Noting supplication ; be-
PRE'A-TO-RY, j seeching,
PRE- CAUTION, n. Previous care or measure.
PRE-G AU'TION, v. t. To warn beforehand for pre-
venting mischief or securing good.
PRECAUTION- AL, \a. Consisting of previous
PRE-AUTION-A-RY, $ precaution.
PRE-!AUTIOUS, a. Taking preventive measures.
PRE-CE'DE', v. t. To go before in rank or time ; to
cause something to go before.
PRE-CED'ENCE, ") ?i. A going before ; priority of
PRE-CD'EN-CY, J time ; superior rank ; impor-
tance or influence. SYN. Priority; preference;
pre-eminence ; superiority.
PRE-CED'ENT, a. Going before; anterior; ante-
cedent.
PREC'E-DENT (prSs'-) n. Some instance of a like
kind ; something which may serve for a rule in
subsequent cases of a like nature. SYN. Exam-
ple. An example is a similar case which may serve
as a guide, but has no authority out of itself. A
precedent is something which comes down to us
from the past with the sanction of usage and of
common consent. We quote examples in litera-
ture, and precedents in law.
PREC'E-DENT-ED (pres'e-dent-ed), a. Authorized
by an example.
PRE-CEIXING, a. Going before in time, rank, &c.
SYN. Previous ; antecedent ; foregoing; anterior.
PRE-CENTOR, n. One who leads the choir of a
cathedral or the congregational singing of some
denominations.
PRE'CEPT, n. Any thing commanded as a rule of
action, particularly as to moral conduct. SYN.
Mandate ; order ; injunction ; law ; doctrine, which
see.
PRE-CEPTlVE, a. Giving precepts; directing in
conduct; didactic.
PRE-CEPTOR, n. A teacher; a principal of an
academy, &c.
PRE-CE KTO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a preceptor.
PRE-C10PTO-RY, a. Giving precepts.
PRE-CEPTOR-Y, n. An estate divided into bene-
fices, possessed by the more eminent Knights
Templars.
PRE-CKPTRESS, n. A female teacher.
PRE-CES'SION (pre-sesh'un), n. A going before ;
motion, of the equinox to the westward.
FALL, WHAT; THfiRE, TfiRM; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
PR'CINT, n. A boundary ; the territory or dis-
trict within the limits of authority.
PRE"CIOUS (presh'us), u. Of great price ; of great
value; much esteemed; used ironically, worth-
less; contemptible.
PR E"CIOUS-LY (prgsh'us-ljr) , ad. To a great price ;
in irony, contemptibly.
PRE"CI< )US-NESS, n. Great value or worth.
PllEC'I-PiCE (prgs'e-pis), n. A descent of land or
rock, perpendicular or nearly so.
PRE-CIP'I-TA-BLE, a. That may be thrown down
or cast to the bottom, as a substance in solution.
PRE-CIP'I-TANCE, } n. Great or rash haste.
PRE-CIP'I-TAN-CY, ] SYN. Hastiness ; rashness ;
hurry.
PRE-ClP'I-TANT, a. Rash ; hasty ; rushing head
long ; unexpectedly brought on ; n. that which
precipitates a substance from its solution.
PRE-ClP'I-TANT-LY, ad. With great haste.
PRE-ClP'I-TATE, n. A substance thrown to the
bottom of a vessel from a chemical solution.
PRE-CIP'I-TATE, v. t. To throw headlong; to
hasten ; to hurry blindly or rashly ; to throw to
the bottom of a vessel from solution.
PRE-CtP'I-TATE, v. i. To fall headlong; to fall
as a sediment from a solution.
PRE-CIP'I-TATE, a. Very hasty; adopted with-
out deliberation. SYU. Steep ; headlong ; rash ;
headstrong; violent.
PRE-C1 P'I-TATE-LY, ad. In blind, rash haste.
PRE-CIP-I-TA'TION, n. Rash haste ; a casting,
falling 1 , flowing, or rushing down; the throwing
to the bottom any substance held in solution.
PRE-C1PI-TA-TOR, n. One that urges on with
vehemence or rashness.
PRE-CIP'I-TOUS, a. Very steep ; headlong ;
hasty.
PRE-CIP1-TOUS-LY, ad. With steep descent.
PRE-UIP'I-TOUS-NESS, n. Steepness of descent.
PRE-CISE', a. Having definite limits ; being exact
or accurate; over-nice; scrupulous. See ACCU-
RATE and FORMAL. [nicely.
PRE-CISE'LY, ad. With exactness or accuracy;
PRE-CISE'NESS, n. The quality of exactness ;
nicety ; formality. See PRECISION.
PRE-CI"SION (-slzh'un), n. Strict conformity to
rule as opposed to every thing vague, indefinite,
or uncertain, as precision of thought or language ;
precision in military evolutions, Ac. SYN. Pre-
ciseness. Precision is always used in a good
sense; preciseness is frequently taken in a bad
one, especially when applied to persons or their
conduct, denoting an excess of nicety, formal
manners, &c. Precise is also sometimes applied
to individuals in the sense of over-strict or scrupu-
lous in trifles.
PRE-CI'SIVE, a. Exactly limiting.
PRECLUDE' (28), v. t. To prevent from entering
or from taking place.
PRE-LU'$ION (-klu'zhun), n. Act of shutting
out ; the state of being prevented from entering,
enjoying, &c.
PRE-eLC'SlVE, a. Preventing beforehand.
PRE-LC'SlVE-LY, ad. With hinderance by anti-
cipation.
PRE-0'CIOUS (-ko'shus), a. Ripe or mature be-
fore the proper or natural time ; premature ; for-
ward.
PRE-0'CIOUS-LY, ad. With premature ripeness
or forwardness.
PRE--eOC'I-TY, -)n. Rapid or too early
PRE-GO'CIOUS-NESS, ) growth or ripeness.
PRE-OG'I-TATE, v. t. To consider or contrive be-
forehand.
PRE-eOG-JNFTION (-nfali'on), n. Previous know-
ledge.
PRE-ON-Crr (-kon-seef), n. Opinion formed
beforehand.
PRE-ON-CITE' (-seev'), v. t To form a previous
noticn or idea.
PRE-ON-CEP'TION (-sSp'shun), n. An idea or no-
tion formed beforehand.
PRE
351
PRE
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK; K^LE, B?LL; vf'cious. -e as K; 6 as J ; i as z; CH as SH; "His.
a. Pertaining to predes-
PRE-ON-CERr (13;, v. i. To concert or settle be
forehand.
PRE-OX-CfiRT'ED, a. Previously planned.
PR-GN'TRAT, ?i. A prior covenant or bar
gain.
PRE-0R'SOR, n. He or that which precedes and
indicates an event. SYN. Fore-runner ; harbiu
ger ; omen ; sign.
PRE-!UR'SO-RY, o. Preceding or indicating some
thing to follow.
PRE-DA'CEOUS (-da'shus), a. Living by plunder.
PRE'DAL, a. Pertaining to prey ; practising plun
der.
> A-TO-RI-LY, ad. Like a plunderer.
PRfilXA-TO-RY, a. Characterized by plundering ;
pillaging ; ravenous.
PRE-DE-CEASE', v. i. To die before.
PRED-E-CES'SOR, n. One who goes before ano-
ther in the same office, &c.
PRE-DE-SIGN', v. t. To design previously.
PRE-DES-TI-NA'RI-AN, n. One who believes in
predestination.
PRE-DES-TI-NA'RI-AN,
tination.
PRE-DES'TI-NATE, a. Foreordained.
PRE-DESTI-NATE, ") v. t. To appoint or ordain
PRE-DEST1NE, $ beforehand. SYN. To pre-
determine ; foreordain ; decree.
PRE-DES-TI-NA'TION, n. The act of foreordain-
ing events ; the doctrine of foreordiuation ; the
unchangeable purpose of God.
PRE-DES'TI-NA-TOR, n. One who foreordains ;
one who holds to foreordination.
PRE-DE-TERM'IN-ATE (13), a. Determined be-
forehand.
PRE-DE-TERM-IN-A'TION, n. Previous deter-
mination.
I'RE-DE-TERM'lNE, v. t. To determine or settle
irpose or counsel beforehand.
1 >I-AL, o. Belonging to land or farms ; as
predial estate, i.e., real estate.
PRED-I-A-B1L'I-TY, n. The quality or state of
being predicable.
PREDT-eA-BLE, a. That may be affirmed or be
attributed to.
PREm-eA-BLE, n. One of the five things which
can be affirmed of any thing, as gemis, species,
difference, proportion, and accident.
PRE-Dl'A-MEXT, n. A series or order; class;
state ; particular condition; unfortunate state.
PRED'I-ANT, n. One who affirms any thing.
PRD'I-ATE, n. That which is affirmed or de-
i of a subject; a. predicated.
PliKL)'I-ATE, v. t. To affirm one thing of an-
other, as to predicate whiteness of snow. Predi-
cate is a term in logic, and used only in a
case, viz., when we affirm one thing of another ;
hence, improperly used in the sense of founding
PRED-I-A'TION, n. An affirmation ; the act of
affirming.
PRED'I-GA-TO-RY, a. Affirmative ; positive.
PRE-DIT', v. t. To tell beforehand something
that is to happen ; to foretell ; to prophesy.
PRE-DI3T'ED, a. Told before the event.
ritE-DlTION (-dik'shun), n. A previous decla-
ration of a future event. SYN. Prophecy ; prog-
nostication ; augury ; soothsaying.
PRE-D1TIVE, a. Noting a previous declaration
of an event ; foretelling ; prophetic.
PRE-DlCT'OR, n. One who foretells or prophe-
sies.
PRE-DI-LE^TION, n. Previous liking or pre-pos
session of mind.
PRE-DIS-POSE', v. t. To incline or arrange before-
hand.
PBE-DIS-PO-$I"TION, (-zlsh'un), n. Previous pro-
pensity or adaptation to any change, impression,
or purpose.
PRE-DOM'I-NAXCE, ) n. Prevalence over others ;
PRE-DOM'I-NAN-CY, j" superiority in power,
influence, &c. ; ascendency.
PEE-DOM'I-NANT, a. Having superiority in
strength, influence, or authority. SYN. Superior;
ascendant; prevalent.
PRE-DOM'I-NANT-LY, ad. With superior strength
or influence.
PRE-DGM'I-NATE, v. i. To prevail ; to be superior
in strength, &c. ; to have controlling influence.
PRE-E-LET', v. t To elect previously.
PRE-E-LTION, ?i. Choice by previous determi-
nation of the will.
PRE-EM'I-NENCE, n. Priority in place or rank ;
superiority of excellence or influence sometimes
superiority in a bad sense, as pre-eminenca in
crime.
PRE-EM'I-NENT, a. Surpassing others.
PRE-EM'I-NENT-LY, ad. In a superior or greatei
degree.
PRE-EMPTION (-gmp'shun), n. The act or privi-
lege of buying before others. A 2>re-e7n-ption right
is the privilege of an actual settler on public lands
to obtain them by purchase in preference to other
bidders.
PREEN, v. t. To clean and adjust the feathers, as
birds.
PRE-EN-GAOE', v. t. To engage by previous con-
tract or influence.
PRE-EN-GAGE'MENT, n. A prior obligation; a
previous attachment or affection.
PR-ES-TAB'LISH, v. t. To settle beforehand.
PR-ES-TAB'LISH-MENT, n. Prior settlement.
PRE-EX-lST' (pre-egz-Ist'), v. i. To exist before-
hand or before something else.
PRE-EX-IST'ENCE, n. Existence before some-
thing else, or of the soul before the body.
PRE-EX-lST'ENT, a. Existing previously; pre-
ceding in existence.
PRE-EX-lST'ING, a. Existing before.
PREF'ACE, n. The introduction to a discourse,
book, &c. ; something introductory ; preamble ;
PREF'ACE, v. t. or v. i. To introduce by prelimi-
nary remarks.
PRE'FA-CER, n. One who makes a preface.
PRF'A-TO-RY, a. Introductory to a book, &c. ;
pertaining to a preface.
PR'FET, n. A governor or commander in a
province or city.
PRE'FET-SHIP, ") n. The office or jurisdiction of
PRETEGT-CRE, ) a prefect.
PRE-FR' (13), v. t. To esteem above others ; to
advance to office; to present; to choose, which
see.
PRF'ER-A-BLE, a. Eligible before another ; of
better quality ; more excellent or desirable.
PREF'EK-A-BLE-NES3, n. The quality or state
of being preferable.
PREF'ER-A-BLY, ad. In or by preference.
PREF'ER-ENCE, n. Estimation or choice of one
thing above or rather than another.
PRE-FR'MENT, n. Advancement to a higher
office, dignity, or station; superior place or office.
PR-FIG-U-RA'TION, n. Previous representation
Showing before by typeu
To show by a figure
by similitude.
PRE-FlG'CT-RA-TlVE, a.
and similitude.
PRE-FIG'ORE (-ftg'yur), v. t.
beforehand.
PRE-FlX', 1>. t. To place before or at the beginning;
to set or appoint beforehand.
PRETIX, n. A letter or word put to the beginning
of another.
PRE-FLO-RA'TION, n. The arrangement of the
floral envelopes before their expansion.
PRE-FORM'A-TiVE, n. A formative letter at the
beginmn<_' of a word.
PRE-FCL ; GEN-CY, n. Superior brightness.
N'A-BLE, a. That may be forced or taken.
\AN-CY, n. A state of being with young;
fertility: inventive power.
ANT, a. Being with young; fertile; full
of consequence. SYJ*. Teeming ; big ; great ;
fruitful ; inventive.
PKE
352
PRE
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short CARE, FAR, LAST
PREG'NANT-LY, ad. In a fruitful manner.
PRE-HEN'SlLE, ) o. Grasping ; adapted to seize,
PRE-HE.N'SO-RY, ) as the tail of a monkey.
PiiE-HEN'SION (-hgn'shun), n. A taking hold; a
grasping.
PRE-IN-TI-MA'TION, n. Previous suggestion.
PRE-J0DGE' (pre-judj'), i>. t. To judge before
the facts are fully known ; hence to condemn un-
heard.
PR-J0D(*J'MENT, n. Judgment without a hearing
or full examination.
PRE-JC'DI-!ATE, v. L To determine beforehand
to disadvantage ; to prejudge.
PRE-JC'DI-!ATE, v. i. To form a judgment be-
forehand without due examination of facts and
arguments.
PRE-JU-DI-eA'TION, . A judging beforehand.
PRE-JO'DI-eA-TlVE, o. Terming an opinion
without due examination.
PREJ'U-DlCE (pr6d'ju-dis), n. Previous and un-
favourable bent or bias ; premature opinion ; in-
jury or wrong of any kind. SYN. Prejudgment ;
harm; mischief; damage; hurt.
PREJ'U-DICE, v. t. To bias the mind unfavour-
ably; to obstruct or injure by prejudices. SYN.
To damage ; impair ; hurt ; diminish ; harm.
PREJ-U-DPCIAL (pred-ju-dish'al), a. Tending
to injure, obstruct, or impair. SYN. Injurious ;
hurtful ; disadvantageous ; mischievous.
PREl/A-CY, n. Office of a prelate ; episcopaoy ;
the order of bishops ; bishops collectively.
PREL'ATE, n. An archbishop, bishop, or patri-
arch.
PKEL'ATE-SHIP, n. The office of a prelate.
PRE-LAT'LG, > a. Pertaining to prelates or
PRE-LAT'Ki-AL, f prelacy.
PRE-LAT'K!-AL-LY, ad. In reference to prelates.
PREL'AT-ISM, n. Prelacy; episcopacy.
PREL'AT-IST, n. An advocate for prelacy.
PRE-LE-GT', v. t. To read a public discourse.
PRE-LB'TION, n. A discourse read in public or
to a select company.
PRE-LE'TOR, n. A reader of lectures ; a lec-
turer.
PRE-LI-BA'TION, n. A foretaste; a tasting be-
forehand.
PRE-LtM'I-NA-RI-LY, ad. Introductory.
PRE-LlM'I-MA-RY, a. That precedes the main
discourse or business. SYN. Introductory; pre-
paratory ; previous ; precedent.
PRE-LlM'I-NA-RY, n. A first step ; a condition ;
something preparatory. SYN. Introductorily pre-
face; prelude; preamble.
PRE'LDDE or PREL'UDE (28), n. A short musical
performance before a concert or full piece ; some-
thing introductory or indicating future events.
SYN. Preface; introduction.
PRE-LUDE', v. t. Literally, to play beforehand, as
a short air or flourish of music before a full piece
or a concert ; hence, to introduce with a previous
performance ; to precede.
PRE-L0DE', v. i. To serve as an introduction.
PRE-LC'SlVE, ~>a. Indicating that something is
PRE-LO'SO-RY, $ to follow; previous; introduc-
tory.
PRE-MA-T0RE', o. Ripe too soon; too early;
happening, performed, or adopted before the pro-
per time; arriving or received without due evi-
dence, &c., as a report, &c.
PRE-MA-TORE'LY, ad. Before the proper time ;
without due evidence.
PRE-MA-TCRE'NESS,) n. State of being prema-
PRE-MA-TO'RI-TY, f ture ; too early ripe-
ness ; unseasonable earliness ; too great haste.
PRE-MED'I-TATE, v. t. or v. i. To meditate, in-
tend, or design beforehand.
PRE-MED'I-TA-TED, a. Previously designed or
contrived.
PKE-MED'I-TATE-LY, ad. With premeditation.
PRE-MED-I-TA'TION, n. Previous deliberation,
contrivance, or design.
PREMIER (prem'yer or prSm'yer), a. First ; chief.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TKKM ; MARINE, BIRD; MOVB,
PREM'IER, n. The first minister of state.
PREM'IER-SHIP, n. The office of first minister
PREM'ISE, n. A first or antecedent proposition.
See PREMISES.
PRE-MISE', v. t. or p. i. To lay down propositions
or premises for subsequent reasonings ; to use or
apply previously; to speak or write as introduc-
tory.
PRM'IS-E$, n. pi. The first two propositions of
a syllogism or proposition, admitted or supposed,
from which is drawn the conclusion or inference ;
things previously mentioned or described;
houses, land, &c., conveyed by deed.
PRE'MI-UM, n. [pi. L. PRK'MI-A, or -English,
PRE'MI-UMS.] A prize won by success ; a bounty
offered to incite to diligence ; amount paid for
insurance, &c. SYN. Reward ; prize ; allowance;
bounty.
PRE-MO'LAR, n. A bicuspid or false molar.
PRE-MON'ISH, v. t. To warn beforehan 1.
PRE-MON'ISH-MENT, -)n. Previous warn-
PRE-MO-Nl"TION (-nlsh'un), j ing, notice, or in-
formation.
PRE-MON'I-TO-RY, a. Giving previous notice.
PRE-M'0-Nl-RE. See PRJEMUNIBE.
PRE-MU-Ni"TION (-nlsh'un), n. An anticipation
of objections or previous defence.
PRE-NO'MEN, n. Among the Romans, a name pre-
fixed to the family name.
PRE-NOM'I-NATE, v. t. To forename.
PREN'TlCE, n. Colloquial abbreviation of ArrREX-
TICE, which see.
PRE-0'! U-PAN-CY, n. Previous possession ; the
act or right of such possession.
PRE-0-U-PA'TION, n. Occupation before ano-
ther ; anticipation of objections.
PRE-0'-6U-PY or PRE-0'eU-PATE, v. t. To
take possession first or before another; to pre-
possess.
Pli-OR-DAlN', . t. To appoint beforehand; to
predetermine.
PUE-OR'DI-NANCE, n. Antecedent decree.
PRE-OR-DI-NA'TION, n. The act of foreordain-
ing; previous ordination.
PRE-PAliy, a. Paid beforehand, as postage.
PREP-A-RA'TION, n. A making ready ; act of fit-
ting for a purpose ; the state of being prepared or
in readiness ; that which is prepared ; any medi-
cinal substance fitted for the use of a patient ;
parts of animal bodies preserved for anatomical
purposes.
PKE-PAR'A-TlVE, a. Tending or adapted to pro-
pare ; n. that which prepares.
PRE-PAR'A-TO-RY, a. Previously necessary,
qualifying, or useful. SYN. Previous; prelimi-
nary; antecedent; introductory.
PRE-PARE' (4), v. t. or v. i. To make fit or ready ;
to procure as suitable ; to establish or appoint.
SYN. To adjust; adapt; equip; make; form;
qualify ; provide.
PREP-AR'ER, n. One who makes ready or pro-
vides ; that which fits or makes suitable.
PRE-PAY', v. t. To pay in advance, as the postage
of a letter, &c.
PRE-PAY'MENT, n. Payment in advance.
PRE-PENSE', a. Preconceived ; premeditated.
PR,E-POL'LEN-CY, n. Superiority of posver.
PRE-PON'DER-ANCE, \n. Superiority of weight
PRE-PON'DER-AN-CY, j or power.
PRE-PON'DER-ANT, a. Superior in weight.
PRE-PON'DER-ATE, v. t. To overpower by weight,
influence, &c.
PRE-PON'DER-ATE, v. i. To outweigh or exceed
in weight ; to incline or descend, as the scale of a
balance ; to exceed in or overpower by influence ;
to incline to one side.
PRE-PON-DER-A'TION, n. The act or state of
outweighing any thing or of inclining to one
side.
PREP-O-Sl"TION (-zlsh'un), n. In grammar, a
word put before another to express relation, qua-
lity, action, &c.
PRE
353
PRE
D6VE, WOLF, BgOK; RULE, BLL ; Vf'CIOUS.
PKKP-O-Sl"TION-AL (-zlsh'un-), a. Pertaining to
positions.
i'OS'I-TIVE, o. Put before; n. that which is
I bofor.' ; a prefix.
PEfi-POS-SESS' (-pos-sess' or poz-z^ss'), r. t. To
preoccupy, as ground, &c., or the mind or heart ;
to bias or influence in favour of.
PBE-PO - Mr or PEE-POS-SESS'ING, a.
Tending or aiLuiVd to invite favour.
PBE-POS-SES'SION or PRE-POS-SES'SION, n.
Prior possession; preconceived opinion; effect
of preconceived opinion; effect of previous im-
pressions on the mind or heart. SYN. Preoccu-
: : Kent.
i '. ii-OUS, a. Contrary to nature or rea-
: not adapted to the end; marked by folly or
absurdity. SYN. Perverted; irrational; foolish;
-urd.
i'UCE, n. The foreskin.
rUE-EEQ'UI-SlTE (-reVwe-zit), o. Previously
necessary or required.
1 'RE-REQ'UI-SlTE, n. Something previously no-
led by the end proposed.
OG'A-TIVE, n. An exclusive or peculiar
privilege or riirht. See PRIVILEGE.
nUES'AGE or PKE'SAGE, ?i. Something that
foreshadows an event. SIN. Prognostic ; omen ;
token; sign.
PltE-SAGE', r. t. To indicate by a present fact
what is to follow. STX. To foreshow; foretell;
predict ; prophesy.
I' iiE-SAG'ER, n. A foreteller ; a foreshower.
PRES'BY-TER, n. An elder; an officer of the
Christian Church next above a deacon.
PRES-BY-TE'KI-AL,-)a. Pertaining to or con-
PRES-BY-TE'KI-AN, j sisting of presbyters.
I'RKS BY-TE'RI-AN, n. One that belongs to the
Presbyterian Church ; one that maintains ordina-
tion and government by presbyters.
PRES-BY-TE'RI- AN-ISM, n. System of faith and
government of Presbyterians.
PRS'BY-TER-Y, n. A body of elders ; in Presby-
terian, government, an ecclesiastical court, consist-
ing of all the pastors within a certain district, and
a ruling elder from each church.
PRE'SCI-ENCE (pre'she-ence), n. Knowledge of
events before they take place ; foreknowledge.
I'ltE'SCI-ENT (pre'she-ent), a. Foreknowing.
PRE-SClND', v. t. To cut off ; to abstract.
PEE-SCIElBE'j v. t. or v. i. To direct as a remedy ;
to give law ; set or lay down as a rule ; to claim
by immemorial use. SYN. To command ; dic-
tate ; ordain; institute; establish.
. a. Ordered; set; n. a direc-
PEE'SEIPT, j tion ; precept; model pre-
' TION, n. The act of directing by
rules ; that which is prescribed ; medical direc-
tion of remedies ; claim by long use.
PRE-SRlPTlVE, a. Consisting in long usage;
pleading the countenance and authority of cus-
PUKS'ENCE, n. The existence of a person in n
certain place ; a being face to face or near ; state
of being in view ; personal appearance ; reception
l.y a superior. SYN. Approach; sight; port;
: demeanour ; air.
; : N-SATIO X , 71. Previous sensation.
; a certain place ; now ex-
isting; ready at hand; here. SYN. At hand; on
hand. We speak of a person being at hand, i. e.,
by, and thus virtually present. "We speak
also of a merchant's having goods on hand.
PliES'ENT, 71. Something presented or given ; the
present time. SY.V. Gift ; benefaction; donative;
donation, which see.
PRESENT 7 , v. t. To set or place before a supe-
rior; to exhibit to view or notice; to offer for
gratuitous reception; to favour with gifts; to
name for an office ; to lay before a public body for
consideration; to hold forth firearms ; to indict.
. To introduce ; give; prefer; show.
e as K ; 6 as 3 ; s as z ; CH as sn ; THIS.
PRE-$ENT'A-HLE, a. That may be presented.
PRES-EN-TA'TION, n. The act of presenting,
exhibition ; the gift of a benefice.
PRES-EN-TEE', n. One who is presented to a
benefice.
PBE-SEN'TIENT, 0. Having previous perception
or sensation.
PRE-SEN'TI-MENT, n. Previous conception, sen-
timent, opinion, or apprehension.
PRES'ENT-LY, ad. In a short time 01 soon after.
-SYN. Directly; speedily; shortly; soon : im-
mediately.
PEE-SENT'MENT, n. Act of presenting ; appear-
ance to the view; in laic, notice or accusation by
a grand iury.
BB-VATION, n. Act ot preserving 01 of
securing from injury, decay, &c.
PEE-SEEV'A-TIVE, >o. Having the power,
PRE-SERV'A-TO-RY, ) quality, or tendency ot
preserving or keeping from injury; n. that which
preserves or has power to do it.
PRE-SERVE' (pre-zorv'), v. t. To secure from in-
jury or destruction ; to keep in safety or from de-
cay ; to maintain throughout, as appearances.
SYN. To save ; defend ; uphold ; keep, which see.
PEE-SEEVE' (pre-zerv'), n. Fruit preserved in
or syrup.
PRE-SERV'ER, n. One who preserves.
PRE-S1DE' (-zlde'), v. i. To be set over foi autho-
rity ; to direct, control, or govern.
PRES'I-DEN-CY, n. Superintendency . office of
president ; term of his office.
PRES'I-DENT, n. A presiding officer ; head of a
state or of colleges, &c. ; the chief magistrate ia
the United S
PRES-I-DEN TIAL, a. Pertaining to a president.
PRES'I-DENT-SHIP, n. The office of president;
the term for which he holds his office.
PRE-SID'I-AL, I a. Pertaining to or having a
PRE-S!D'I-A-RY,j garrison.
PRE-SIG'NI-FY, v. t. To signify beforehand.
PRESS, t?. t. or v. i. To urge or strain with force
or weight, or in motion ; to hurry ; to embrace
closely ; to urge with importunity ; to force into
service ; to approach unreasonably ; to push with
force. SYN. To crush; gripe; squeeze; con-
strain ; straiten ; impress.
PRESS, n. Literally, an urgency or crowding, as a
press of business, a press of people; a forcing of
men into service; a case for clothes; an instru-
ment for pressing ; the printing press ; the art or
business of printing ; the conductors of the pub-
lic press collectively.
PRESS'ER, n. One who presses or works at a press.
PRESS'-GANG, n. A detachment oi s
an officer empowered to impress men into the
navy,
PRESS'ING, a. Urgent; distressing; n. the act oi
operation of applying force to bodies.
1 NG-LY, /l. With great force ; urgently.
PRESS'MAN, n. The man who works the press in
printing.
PRESS'-MON-EY (-mun-ny), n. Money paid to a
man impressed into public service.
i'UKSS UKK (pri -h'ur), n. Act of pressing or ur--
ing ; weight ; force acting on or against ; constrain-
ing power or influence; urgency; impression.
Jli'jli pressure in a steam-engine is pressure greater
than that of the atmosphere; low pressure, not
greater.
-WOEK, n. The operation of taking im
ions from type, &c., by means of the i
PRESTIGE, n. j pi. I'IU'S'TI-OES. An impression in
one's favour arising from his antecedents; expec-
tation ; charm ; illusion.
PRESTO, ad. In music, quick; lively.
M'A-BLE (-zum'a-blj, a. That may be pre-
sumed.
PRE-SOME' (-zumeO, v. t. or v. t. To suppose toba
true without positive proof ; to venture without
permission ; to form confident opinions or make
arrogant attempts. 23
PBE :j
I. fi, &c., long. A, , &c., sTwrt. CABE, FAB, LAST
PEE-SOM'EE, n. One who presumes ; an arrogant
person.
PEE-StJM'ING, a. Venturing without permission;
too confident; unreasonably bold. SYN. Pre-
sumptuous ; forward ; arrogant.
PEE-SOMI'TION (-zOm'shun), n. Supposition
grounded on probability ; blind or vjireas enable
confidence ; arrogance.
PEE-SO MP'TiVE, a. Assumed to exist; supposed;
grounded on probable evidence.
PEE-SUMPT'C-OUS (-zumt'yu-us), a. Eashlybold;
founded on presumption : unduly confident. SYN.
Fool-hardy; rash; forward; arrogant; insolent.
PEE-$0MPT'D-OUS-LY, ad. With rash confi-
PEE n -SOMPT'U-OUS-NESS, n. Eash confidence;
arrogance.
PEE-SUP-POS'AL (prS-sup-po'zal), n. Previous
supposal.
PEE-SUP-POSE', v. t. To suppose as previous.
PEE-SUP-PO-$1"TION (-zish'un), n. Supposition
previous.
PEE-TENCE', n. A show of what i3 not real ; a
holding out of something false or feigned ; claim to
notice; design. SYN. Pretext. A pretence (prceten-
sum) is something Tield out as real when it is not
so, thus falsifying the truth ; a pretext (prostextus)
is something woven up in order to cover or con-
ceal one's true motives, feelings, or ends of action.
The piety of the Pharisees was all a pretence, and
their long prayers were a pretext to conceal their
hypocrisy. This word is spelled by many pretense
like others of the same class, and in conformity
with its derivatives ; but pretence yet prevails.
PRE-TEND', v. t. or v. i. Literally, to reach or
stretch forward ; hence, to hold out, as a false
appearance; to offer or do something feigned ; to
make a claim, with to. SYN. To feign ; counter-
feit; assume.
PRE-TEND'ED, a. Ostensible; hypocritical.
PEE-TEND'ER, n. One who lays claim falsely or
who makes a show of something not real.
PEE-TEN'SION (-teu'shun), n. Claim, true or
false; pretence.
PEE-TfiN'TIOUS (-shus), a. Making great pre-
tensions, as a pretentious reviewer, a pretentious
style ; arrogant ; presumptuous.
PEE'TEE, as a prefix, denotes past or beyond.
PEE'TEE-IM-PEE'FET, a. In grammar, noting
time not perfectly past.
PEE'TER-IT, or 1 J RET'EE-ITE, a. Past or per-
fectly past, as applied to the tense of a verb which
expresses an action perfectly past or finished, often
as just completed, without specifying the time.
PEE-TEE-i'TION (pre-ter-ish'unj, n. Act of pass-
ing or state of being passed ; a figure in rhetoric
by which, as passing over, we summarily mention
a thing.
PRE-TEE-MlS'SION (-mlsh'un), n. A passing by;
omission.
PEE-TER-MlT', v. t. To pass by ; to omit.
PRE-TEE-NAT'CT-EAL (-nat'yu-ral), a. Beyond or
different from what is natural ; irregular. See
SUPERNATURAL.
PiE-TEE-NAT'C-EAL-LY, ad. So as to be beyond
what is natural.
PEE-TEB-PER'FECIT (13), a. More than perfect
or finished.
PRE-TER-PLU-PEE'FET, a. Past before an-
other past event.
PRE-TfiXT' or PRETEXT, n. False appearance ;
ostensible reason assigned or assumed as a cover
for the real one. SYN. Guise; mask; colour;
cloak ; show ; excuse ; pretence, which see.
PRETOR, n. A Roman judge ; a magistrate.
PRE-TO'RI-AL.) a. Belonging to a pretor; judi-
PRE-TO'RI-AN.f cial.
PRETOR-SHIP, n. The office of a pretor.
PRETTI-LY (prit'te-ly), ad. Neatly; elegantly;
pleasingly.
PRET'TI-NESS (prft'te-ness), n.
beauty without dignity ; decency.
Neatness or
i PHI
FALL, WHAT ; THfiBE, TBBM ; MABINE, 3lRD; MOVE,
PRETTY (prft'ty), a. Having good looks or pleas-
ing appearance in a degree less than beauty ;
neat ; handsome ; fine ; diminutive, in contempt.
PRETTY, ad. In a small degree ; tolerably.
PRE-VAIL', t>. i. To gain the advantage over ; to
have power ; to overcome.
PRE-VAIL'ING, a. Having more influence, effi-
cacy, or success ; most commoner general. SYN.
Prevalent ; predominant ; over-ruling ; effica-
cious; successful.
PREV'A-LENCIC, \n. Superior strength, iufln-
PREV'A-LEN-CY, j ence, or efficacy.
PREV'A-LENT, o. Predominant; powerful; most
general ; extensively existing.
PRE V'A-LE N T- LY, ad. Powerfully ; forcibly.
PRE-VART-ATE, v. i. To shun telling the
truth; to avoid giving a direct answer; to
shuffle; to quibble. SYN. To evade; to equivo-
cate. One who evades a question ostensibly an-
swers it, but really turns aside to some other
point ; he who equivocates uses words which have
a double meaning ; he who prevaricates (lit.,
straddles the point) talks around the question,
hoping to disclose nothing.
PRE-VAR-I-)ATIOX, n. Act of quibbling ; devi-
ation from the plain truth.
PRE-VAR'I-A-TOR, n. One who quibbles.
PRE-VEN'IENT, a. Going before; preventive.
PEE-VENT', v. t. To stop the approach, access, or
performance of anything. SYN. To hinder; im-
pede: preclude; debar; obstruct; anticipate.
PEE-VE NT'A-BLE, a. That may be prevented.
PRE-VENTER, n. One who prevents.
PRE-VEN'TION (-vSn'shun), n. The act of hinder-
ing; obstruction ; anticipation.
PRE-VENTION-AL, a. Tending to prevent.
PRE-VENTIVE, a. Hindering; that guards
against ; preservative.
PRE-VENT'IVE, n. That which prevents; that
which intercepts the approach of. To speak of a
preventative instead of a preventive is a gross, but
not an uncommon error.
PRE-VENT'lVE-SERV'ICE, n. The duty of guard-
ing the coast against smuggling ; the armed
police who perform it.
PRE'VI-OUS, a. Going before in time; being or
happening before something else. SYN. Preced-
ing; prior; anterior; foregoing; former.
PRE-VI"SION (-vlzh'un), n. The act or state of
foreknowledge ; foresight.
PREY (pra), n. Goods taken by force in war ;
something seized by violence to be devoured.
SYN. Spoil; plunder; booty.
PREY (pra), v. i. With on or upon, to seize or
plunder; to feed; to corrode or cause to pine
away, as grief preys on the body and spirits.
PEICE, n. Value set or demanded ; sum asked or
taken for what is sold; current value; estima-
tion ; reward.
PRICE, v. t. To set a price on.
PRICE-L'R RENT, n. A paper or table of the cur-
rent prices of merchandise, stocks, bills of ex-
change, &c.
PKlCE'LESS, a. Beyond price; also, having no
value. SYN. Invaluable; inestimable.
PRICK, v. t. or v. i. To pierce with a pointed in-
strument, &c. ; to erect any pointed thing, as the
ears ; to affect with sharp pain ; to maik out by a
puncture ; to make or become acid. SYN. To
spur; goad; incite; stimulate. [pain.
PRICK, n. A puncture ; sharp point j a sharp
PRICK'ER, n. A sharp instrument.
PKICK'ING, n. Sensation of stinging; pain;
piercing as with a sharp point.
PRICK'LE (prik'kl), n. Sharp point growing from
the bark of a plant.
PRICK'LI-NESS, n. State of having many prickles.
PRICK'LY, a. .Full of prickles or sharp points.
PRlCK'LY-PEAR, n. Name of various species 01
cactus, covered with spines, Ac.
PRICK-SONG, n. Music noted in contradistinc-
tion to that learned by ear.
PR!
DOVE, WOLP, BOOK ; K.ULE, BULL ; Vf'CIOU
PRIDE, n. A high sense of superiority ; inordinat
self-esteem; insolent exultation; loftiness; tha
ofwhichmenare proud; self-respect. SYN. Vanitj
Pride is an oi-er-valuing of one's self for some rec
or imagined superiority, us rank, wealth, talents
Ac. ; vanity is the love of being admired. I
etymologically, a being "puffed up," and denote
an inflated spirit of self-importance, with
corresponding contempt for others ; vanity i
etymologically, "emptiness," because nothin
can be more empty or delusive as a source of en
joyment, so that Swift has truly said, " Vanity i
the food of fools." Pride makes us esteem our
selves ; vanity seeks the praise of others ; pride i
more common among men, vanity among women
If the former is more hateful, the latter is mor
contemptible.
PRIDE, v. t. To take pride ; to boast ; followed by
a reciprocal pronoun, as himself.
PRI'ER, n. One who searches narrowly.
PRIEST (preest), n. One who officiates at the altar
or in offering sacrifices ; one who is set apart tc
the ministry of the Gospel, or who serves in
sacred office ; a presbyter.
PRISTRAFT (preest'-) n. The management o
corrupt priests to gain power, &c. ; pious fraud or
imposition in religious concerns.
A female priest.
PRIESTHOOD, n. The office of a priest ; order o
priests.
IfiST'-LlKE,) a. Like a priest; pertaining to
PRIESTLY, )" or becoming a priest ; sacerdo
tal.
PRIESTRID-DEN (-rid-dn), a. Governed by
priests.
PRIG, n. A conceited fellow; athief, v. t tofilch;
to steal.
PRIG, v. t. To haggle about the price of any com-
modity ; to importune. [Scotch.]
PRIG'GISH, a. Having conceited! manners ; pert;
saucy ; affected.
PRIM, o. Primarily, strait; erect; hence, affecting
great precision or nicety; formal; v. t to deck
with great nicety.
PRI'MA-CY, n. The dignity of an archbishop ;
supremacy.
1'III'MA DON'NA, n. [It.] The first female singer
in an opera.
PRl'MAGE, n. A small duty, payable to the mas-
aid mariners of a ship.
'\L, a. First; early; original ; primary
PRI'MA-RI-LY, ad. Originally; at first; in the
first intention.
: A-RY, a. First in order of time, in dignity,
or importance ; preparatory to something higher.
SYN. Original; chief; principal; ^west pri-
mitive ; elemei '
PRI'MA-RY, n. That which stands first or highest
in rank or importance.
PRI'MATE, H. An archbishop; the chief ecclesi-
lo in a national church.
PRI 'MATE-SHIP, n. Office or dignity of a primate.
I'RI-MA'TIAL (-ma'shal), ") a. Pertaining to a pri-
PRI-MAT'I-AL, ) mate.
PRIME, a. First in order of time, rank, dignity,
excellence, or value. SYN. Original ; early ; prin-
cipal ; excellent.
PRIME, n. The dawn of the day ; best part ;
spring ; the spring-time of life ; height ; the ut-
most perfection ; one of certain numbers used to
express ratios of chemical combinations.
PRIME, v. t. or t\ i. To put powder in the pan of a
gun ; to lay a train of powder ; to lay the first
colour in painting.
PRIM'ER, n. The first book for children.
PRI-ME'VAL, a. Original; primitive; first.
PRIM'ING, n. Powder in the pan of a gun ; first
colour laid in painting 1 ; hot water carried along
with the steam from the boilers into the cylinders;
acceleration of the tides.
PRI-MI'TIAL t-mish'al), a. Being of the first pro-
duction.
PRI
9. asK; oasJ; fiasz; uiiassn; THIS.
PRIM'I-TlVE, a. Pertaining to the beginning or
early times ; affectedly solemn ; noting that from
which others are derived. STN. Primary origi-
nal; first; radical; antiquated.
PUIM I-T1VE-NESS, n. State of being original.
PRIM'NESS, n. Preciseness; affected formality.
PRI-MO-GE'NI-AL. a. First born ; made or gene-
rated. SYN. Original; primary; constituent;
elemental.
PRl-MO-GEN'I-TOR, n. The first father.
PKl-MO-GfiN'I-TORB, n. The state of being first
born; first birth ; seniority by birth.
PRI-MOR'DI-AL, a. First in order; original
PRlM'ROSE, n. An early flowering plant ,
PRI'MUS, n. First; chief.
PRINCE, n. A king's son ; a sovereign ; a ruler.
PRINCE OF WALE*, n. Eldest son of the English
Sovereign.
PRINCEDOM (prfnce'dum), n. The rank, dignity,
or state of a prince.
PRINCE'-LlKE.fa. Resembling or becoming a
PRINCE'LY, f prince; having the rank of
princes; very large. Sxw. Royal; grand; noble;
stately ; magnificent.
PRIN'CESS, n. A female sovereign ; the consort of
a prince ; a king's daughter.
PRL\ 'CI-PAL, a. Highest in rank, character, or
respectability; most important or consu:
SYN. Chief; capital; great; cardinal; essential:
main.
PR IN CI-PAL, n. A chief man ; a chief instructor
in an academy, &c. ; a capital sum ; one primarily
engaged ; an organ-stop.
PRIN-CI-PAL'I-TY, n. A prince's domain ; sove-
reignty.
PRiN'CI-PAL-LY, ad. In the most important re
spect ; above all.
PRIN-CIP'I-A> n. pi. [L.] First principles; consti*
tuent parts ; rudiments.
RlN'CI-PLE, n. Something primary or funda-
mental in respect to something else ; hence, an
operative cause ; a general or settled truth, or
rule of action ; that which supports an assertion,
an action, <fcc. SYW. Doctrine; element; ground;
motive; tenet; rule.
PRIN'CI-PLE, 1>. t. To instruct in principles; to
establish firmly in the mind.
PRJN.K, c. t. and v. i. To dress for show ; to put
on airs or adjust to ostentation.
MJlNT, v. t. and v. i. To mark or form by impres-
sion ; to stamp ; to use the art of typography.
'RINT, n. A mark made by pressure; the im-
pression made by types ; that which impresses
its form on any thing; the figure of any thing
made by impression ; a plaster cast of a flat orna-
ment ; a newspaper ; prints, in the plural, en-
gravings; printed calicoes; out of print, when no
copies of a work are left on sale.
'RiM'FER, n. One who prints books, pamphlets,
or papers, or who impresses letters or figures
with copper plates ; one who stamps or prints
cloths with figures.
'RlNT'ING, n. The art or practice of impressing
characters or figures ; typography.
'R1NTING-INK. n. Ink for printing books, &c.
RINT'ING-MA-CHINE', n. A printing-press
worked by machinery.
RINT'ING-PRESS, n. A press for printing
books, &c.
RI'OR, a. Coming before in the order of time.
SYV. Previous; former; preceding; foregoing;
antecedent ; n. the superior of a priory.
RI'OR-ATE, n. Government by a prior.
RI'OR-ESS, n. A female superior of a priory of
nuns.
RI-OR1-TY, n. The state of being first in time,
rank, or place. STN. Antecedence; precedence;
pre-eminence; preference.
Rl'OR-Y, n. A monastic institution in dignity
next below an abbey. See CLOISTER.
RlSM (prtzm), n. A solid whose bases are similar,
equal, parallel plane figures, and whose sides
PHI 356 PRO
I, fi. &c , long. 1, fi, &c., short. ciuB, rlR, LAST, FA.LL, wn>T; THRE, T^RM ; MARINE, B!RD ; WOVR,
ore parallelograms ; a glass in the form of a prism
used in optics.
PRIS-MAT'I (priz-mat'ik), a. Like or formed by
u prism ; noting the seven colours into which a
ray of light is decomposed by a prism.
PRIS'MOID, n. A body somewhat like a prism.
PRlS'ON (prlz'zn), n. A jail; a place of confine
ment ; v. t. to shut up ; to restraint from liberty
SYN. To confine; imprison ; captivate; enchain.
PR1$'ON-BASE, n. A kind of sport depending on
swiftness in running, called also prison-bars.
PRl$'ON-ER (prfz'zn-er), n. One under arrest; a
captive; one whose liberty is restrained.
PRlS'ON-HOUSE (prfz'/n-J, n. A jail; a hold; a
house in which prisoners are confined.
I'RIS'TINE (prfs'tinj, a. Pertaining to an earlier
state or period. SYN. Original; first; primitive
old; former.
PRlTH'EE, corruption of pray tliee.
PEITA-CY (prl- or prlv-), n. Withdrawal frow
company ; concealment of what is said or done.
SYN. Secrecy; solitude; retirement; seclusion.
PRI'VATE, a. Peculiar to one's self or to a joint
number; sequestered from company; not pub-
licly known; not invested with office; personal
SYN. Secret; secluded; retired; separate; soli-
tary.
PRI-VA-TEER', n. A ship of a private citizen
commissioned to take prizes ; v. t. to cruise in a
privateer.
PRI'VATE-LY, ad. In private; secretly.
PRI'VATE-NESS, n. A state of living or being in
retirement ; privacy.
PRI-VA'TION, n. Act of depriving; act of being
deprived; absence of something necessary for
comfort ; want.
PRIV'A-TIVE, a. Causing privation or loss; de
pending on the absence of something not posi-
tive.
PRlV'A-TlVE, n. That of which the essence is the
absence of something ; a prefix to a word giving
it a negative meaning. [thing.
PR! VA-T1VE-LY, ad. By the absence of some-
PRIV'ET, n. A shrub with long branches, used for
hedges.
PRlV'I-LE&E, n. Peculiar advantage; some right
or immunity not common to others. SYN. Pre-
rogative. Privilege, among the Romans, was
something conferred upon an individual by a pri-
vate law (privata lege), and hence it denotes some
peculiar benefit or advantage, some right or im-
munity not enjoyed by the world at large. Pre-
rogative, among the Romans, was the right of
speaking first, and hence it denotes a right of pre-
cedence, of doing certain acts or enjoying certain
privileges to the exclusion of others. It is the
privilege of a Christion child to be instructed in
the true religion ; it is the prerogative of a parent
to govern and direct his offspring ; the privileges
of Parliament, the prerogatives of the crown.
PRlV'I-LEGE, v. t. To invest with a peculiar
right or immunity.
PRtV'I-LY, ad. In a secret manner; clandes-
tinely ; privately.
PRlV'I-TY, n. Private knowledge, or knowledge
with another of a private concern, such as may
imply concurrence ; privities, pi., the secret parts.
PRIVY, a. Not public or not shown ; privately
knowing ; admitted to secrets of state.
PRIVY, n. A partaker; a necessary.
i'lifZE, n. Literally, that which is taken from an
enemy in war ; hence, any thing gained in rivalry ;
the money drawn by a lottery ticket. SYX.
Premium.
PRIZE, v. t. To set or estimate the value of, as to
prize goods ; to value highly ; to esteem.
PRO, a prefix, signifies be/ore or forth.
PliO OR CON, [L.-] For or against.
PRO' A, n. A vessel used in the South Sefis.
PROB-A-BlL'I-TY, n. An appearance of truth ;
any thing that has the appearance of truth.
SYN, Likeness; credibility; likelihood; chance.
PROB'A-BLE, a. Likely to be or to bo true
PROB'A-BLY, ad. In all likelihood.
PRO'BANG, ti. An instrument of whalebone and
sponge for removing obstructions in the throat
&c.
PRO'BATE, o. Relating to the proving of a will,
&e. A probate office is one where wills are proved
and declared to be valid.
PRO'BATE, n. The act or jurisdiction of provin-
the genuineness and validity of wills.
PRO-BA'TION, n. Any proceeding designed to
ascertain truth ; moral trial ; preparatory trial
as of a licentiate.
, } ' Serving for trial.
PRO-BAT1ON-ER, n. One who is upon trial
PRO'BA-TiVE, > a. Serving for proof or relatin?
pROBA-TO-Rr.f' to it.
PROBE, n. A surgeon's instrument for examining
wounds, Ac.
PROBE, v, t. To try with a probe; to search to
the bottom ; to scrutinize.
PROBT-TY, n. Consistent and uniform upright-
ness ; strict and approved virtue ; rectitude.
SYN. Integrity. Probity (from probus) means,
etymologically, virtue which has been tried and
prored genuine. Hence it denotes unimpaachable
honesty and virtue, shown especially by the per-
formance of thode obligations called "imperfect,
which the laws of the state do not reach and'can
not enforce. Integrity (from integer, entire or
unbroken) denotes a whole-hearted honest*, and
especially that which excludes all injustice that
might favour one's self. It has a peculiar re-
ference to uprightness in mutual dealings, trans-
fers of property, and the execution of trusts for
others.
PROB'LEM, n. A question for solution.
PROB-LEM-AT'IO-AL, a. Characterized by doubt
and uncertainty. SYN. Doubtful ; undecided ;
questionable; uncertain.
PROB-LEM-AT'ie-AL-LY, ad. Doubtfully.
PRO-BOS'CIS, n. The trunk of an elephant, &c.
PRO-AC'I-TY, n. Pertness ; impudence.
PRO-CED'ORE (-ceed'yur), n. Act, manner, or re-
sult of proceeding. SYN. Process ; transaction ;
course ; conduct.
PRO-CEED', v. i. To move or pass forward; to
come from a source ; to make progress ; to begin
and carry on ; to have a course ; to be produced,
&c. SYN. To progress ; arise ; issue ; advance.
PRO-CEEDTN(jr, n. Movement or advance from
one thing to another ; a step taken in business ;
in the plural, a course of measures, steps, &c.
PUO-CEEDS' or PRO'CEEDS, n. pi. Value or pro-
duce of sales ; issue ; rents ; amount.
PROC'ESS (prCs'ess), n. A moving or operation;
series of changes ingrowth; a course of proceed-
ing; methodical arrangement; a protuberance
or projecting part of a bone.
PltO-CES'SION (-sBsh'un), n. Act of proceeding;
a solemn train of persons.
PRO-CES'SION-AL (-sSsh'un-),) o. Pertaining to
PRO-CES'SION-A-RY, f or consisting in
procession.
PRO'CES-VER'BAL (pro'sa-yar'bal). [IV.] An
authentic minute of an official act, &c.
PRO'CI-DENCE, n. A falling down.
PRO-OLA1M', u. t. To publish solemnly; to de-
clare with honour ; to make public ; to denounce.
SYN. To advertise; publish"; promulgate; an-
nounce, which see.
PRp-LA-MA'TIO\, n. A publication by autho-
rity ; official notice given to the public ; declara-
tion of a sovereign or magistrate made public ; a
written or printed official notice.
PUO-eLlV'I-TY, n. A bending forward to or to-
ward; inclination. SYN. Propensity; proneness;
tendency ; readiness.
PRO-CON'SUL, . A Roman governor of a province
with a consular power.
PRO'-GON'SUL-Alc, a. Pertaining to a proconsul.
FRO
357
PRO
D6VJD, WC-LF, uyoK ; KULE, BULL; vf'cious. -6 as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; oil as SH ; IHIS.
PRO-ON'SUL-ATE, "M l - The office or term of
PRO-ON'SUL-SHIP, j office of a proconsul.
PB<MJBASTI-NATE, r. t. or r. i. To rut oflf from
day to day ; to defer to a future time ; to be di-
latory. SYN. To delay; postpone; protract; re-
turd.
PRO-RAS-TI-NATION, n. Delay ; a putting off
to a future time. SYN. Postponement; a defer-
rin_r : ;v.l jour'im-nt, fee.
PKO-CJRASTI-NA-TOB, n. One who defers any
thin,' to a future time.
PEO'RE-ANT, a. Having or exercising the power
to generate or produce.
PBO'EE-ATE, v. t. To generate and produce.
PRO-GEE- A'TION, n. The act of procreating;
generation and production of young.
i UE-A-TIVE, a. Generative; having the
power to beget.
PROGEE-A-TOR, n. One who begets, produces, or
makes.
PRO-R0S'TE-AN, a. Eclating to Procrustes, or
his mode of stretching or shortening his victims.
PRO'TOR, n. An attorney in a spiritual court ;
an officer of t universities.
PROe-TO'RIAL, a. Pertaining to a proctor; ma-
gisterial.
PKO-OM'BENT, a Lying down; trailing.
PRO-OR'A-BLE, a. Obtainable.
PitOe'0-RA-CY, > n. Act of procuring ; manage-
PliOe-0-UA'TION, j" ment.
PltOG"0-RA-TOK, n. One who manages for an-
other ; the title or the Koman governor of a pro-
vince.
PRO-0RE ; , v. t. To get by request, loan, labour,
effort, or purchase ; to bring about an effect ; to
cause to come or bring on ; to draw to. SYN. To
acquire; obtain; gain; win; earn; attract.
PRO-ORE'MKNT, n. Act of obtaining or causing-
to be effected.
PRO-CK'EK, n. One who procures ; a pander.
PRO-Cll'ESS, n. A female who procures; a
bawd.
PROD, n. A light cross-bow ; a goad ; an awl.
PROD'I-GAL, o. Given to lavish expenditures ;
not frugal or economical; expended without ne-
cessity; very liberal. STN. Wasteful; extrava-
gant ; excessive ; profuse, which see.
PEOD'I-GAL, n. A spendthrift; one extrava-
gant.
PKOD-I-GAL'I-TY, n. Lavish or needless expen-
diture ; profuse or excessive liberality. STN. Ex-
travagance ; profusion ; excess ; lavishuess ;
waste.
PROm-GAL-LY, acl. Profusely; lavishly.
PKO-DlG'IOUS (pro-cM'jus), a. Very great; such
as may seem a prodigy ; fitted to excite wonder.
SYN. Huge ; enormous ; monstrous ; porten-
tous marvellous.
PRO-DIG'IOUS-LY, ad. In an astonishing or
enormous manner ; extremely.
PROD'I-GY, n. A surprising thing ; something to
excite wonder, or from which omens are drawn ;
an animal, &c., out of the ordinary course of na-
ture. SYN. Wonder; miracle; portent; marvel;
monster.
PEOD'RO-MOOS, o. Forerunning.
PRO-DCCE', v. f. To bring forward; to offer to
view or notice, or exhibit to the public; to bring
forth or into being, as an animal or vegetable ; to
furnish ; to extend as a line. SYN. To breed ;
bear ; yield ; exhibit ; give ; cause ; make, &c.
PROD'UCE (prod'duse), n. That which is produced
or brought forth. SYH. Product; amount.
PRO-DOC'EII, ii. He or that which produces.
PRO-DU'CI-BLK, a. Capable of being produced.
PROD'UT, ?i. That which is produced or made
an effect or result ; in CM he number re-
sulting from multiplying two or more numbers.
SYN. Produce ; production ; work ; fruit.
PKO-D0'TION, n. Act of producing ; that which
is produced by nature or art. SYN. Product;
:it; work; performance.
PUO-Dfre'TlVE, o. Having power to produce ;
actually yielding; causing to exist. SYN. Fer-
tile; fruitful; generative; efficient.
PKO-DUG'TiVE-NESS, n. The Btate or quality of
producing.
PUO'KM, n. Preface or preliminary observations
to a book or writing.
PROF-A-NATION, n. A violation of something
sacred ; treating with abuse, disrespect, or irre-
verence.
PRO-FANE', a. Irreverent to God and to sacred
things ; proceeding from a contempt of sacred
things; not sacred, pure, or holy; tending to
bring reproach on religion. SYN. Impious; un-
godly ; irreligious ; unhallowed ; secular.
PRO-FANE', v. t. To violate or treat with abuse,
irreverence, or contempt of any thing sacred ; to
apply to temporal, common, or wrong uses or
base purposes. SYN. To desecrate; pollute; de-
file ; violate ; debase ; dishonour.
PKO-FANE LY, ad. In a wicked, irreverent man-
ner.
PUO-FANE'NESS, > n. Irreverence of things sa-
PRO-FAN'I-TY, j cred; irreverence toward
God ; the taking of God's name in vain. SYN,
Impiety ; blasphemy ; sacrilege ; obscenity.
PRO-PAN'BB, n. One who profanes.
riiO-FHSS', v. t. To declare strongly ; to make 3
show of sentiments; to claim openly skill in any
art or science ; to avow.
PRO-FSS'ED-LY, ad. By avowal ; by avowed in-
tention.
PKO-FES'SION (-fesh'un), n. Open declaration;
the business followed by anyone, especially ;m
employment requiring learning in distinction
from a trade ; the collective body of persons en-
gaged in a calling. SYN. Acknowledgment ;
avowal ; employment ; vocation ; occupation ;
office.
PRO-FES'SION-AL (-fcsh'un-), a. Belonging to
one's profession.
PEO-FKS'^ION-AL-LY, ad. By profession; in the
way of one's profession.
PRO-FESS'OR, n. A public teacher or lecturer by
profession ; specially, a college officer who lectures
or instructs in some particular branch of learning;
one who makes a formal profession of religion.
[Little used.']
PKO-FKS-SO'Kl-AL, a. Pertaining to a professor.
:SS'OR-S1I1P, n. The office of a professor.
PROFFER, v. t. To propose for acceptance ; to at-
tempt of one's own accord. -SY.v. To oiler; t n-
der ; propose ; essay.
PROF'FER, n. An attempt; something proposed
for acceptance by another.
PRO-F1"OIENCE (-flsh'ence), \n. Advance in
PRO-F1"CIEN-CY (-f Jsh'en-sy), ) knowlo-i
in the acquisition of any art, &c. SYN. ..1
ment ; improvement ; progress.
PRO-FI"CIENT (pro-fish'ent), n. One who has
made advances in study or business.
PROFILE (pro'fil or pro'feel), n. An outline ; side
view in painting or sculpture.
PROFIT, n. Literally, advance or gain ; hence, ac-
cession of good; advantage; advance of price.
SYN. Benefit; emolument; gain; avails.
PROF'IT, v. t. To advance the interests of; to im-
prove.
P&OF1T, v. t. To gain advantage; to make impro-
vement ; to be of use to.
PROF'IT-A-HLE, a. Yielding profit, benefit, or ad-
vantage. SYN. Gainful; productive; serviceable;
advantageous ; improving.
PROF'IT- A-BLY, ad. With profit or advantage.
. Void of gain or advantage.
PROF'LI-GA-CY, n. A vicious C9arse of life; a
state of abandonment in moral principle.
PROF'LI-GATE, a. Shameless in v.ickedness or
vice; lost to principle, virtue, or decencj^ SYN.
Dissolute ; depraved ; dissipated ; vile ; abandon*
ed, which see.
PROF'LI-GATE, n. An abandoned wretch.
PKO
358
PJiO
A, fi, &c., long. I, , &c. t short. CARE, FAB, LAST, F^LL, WHAT; THRE, TKBM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
PEOF'LU-ENT, a. Flowing on or forward. | Mbit is Latin, and is more formal or oSL-
PEG-FOUND 7 , a. Being far below the surface ; J ciaL A parent forbids a child to be out late at
.uivs-*.- vu.>.i.f, a. Being far below the surface ;
very lowly ; intellectually deep ; not superficial ;
reaching deeply into any science or branch of
learning : deep in skill or having hidden qualities.
SYN. Deep ; humble ; learned ; thorough ; pene-
trating-.
PRO-FOUND', n. The sea or ocean ; an abyss.
PKO-FOUND'LY, ad. Deeply ; with deep insight.
PRO-FOUND'NESSJ n.
jpth of place, or of
PKO-FOND'I-TY, ) knowledge or science.
PEO-F0SE', o. Liberal to excess ; overabound-
ing; exuberant. SYN. Lavish; prodigal. Pro-
fuse denotes pouring out (as money, &c.) with
great fulness or exuberance, as pro/use in his
expenditures, thanks, promises, &c. ; lavish is
stronger, implying unnecessary or wasteful ex-
cess, as lavish of his bounties, favours, praises,
Ac.; prodigal is stronger still, denoting unmea-
sured or reckless profusion, as prodigal of one's
strength, life, or blood to secure some object.
PRO-FOSE'LY, ad. In a lavish manner; prodi-
gally ; with exuberance.
PEO-FUSE'NESS, n. The quality of prodigality ;
waste.
PRO-FC'SION (pro-fu'zhun), n. Great abundance ;
lavish effusion ; exuberant plenty. SYN. Lavish-
ness; prodigality; extravagance; over-abundance;
exuberance.
PEGG, n. Victuals obtained by shifts or begging ,
one that shifts for his victuals.
PRO-GEN'I-TOR, n. An ancestor in the direct
line ; a forefather.
PROG'E-NY (proj'e-ny), n. Descendants of the
human kind, or the offspring of animals in gene-
ral ; children ; race.
PEOG-NATHOUS, a. Having jaws which project,
like those of the negro race.
PROG-NO'SIS, n. [Gr.] The art or act of fore-
telling the course and event of a disease by its
symptoms.
PEOG-NOS'TI, a, Indicating something future
by signs or symptoms. SYN. Foreboding ; fore-
showing.
PROG-NOS'TI, n. A sign of something to come ;
the judgment formed of the course and event of
a disease by its symptoms, or a symptom thus
indicative ; a foretelling. SYN. Sign ; omen ;
presage ; token.
PEOG-lsOiS'TKI-ATE, v. t. To indicate or tell
beforehand by present signs. SYN. To fore-
show ; foretell ; foretoken ; presage ; predict ;
prophesy.
PROG-NOS-TI-!A'TiqN, n. The act of foretelling;
a foretoken or previous sign.
PEOG-NOS'TI-A-TOE, n. One who foretells.
PROGRAMME (pro'gram), n. [IV.] A bill ex-
hibiting a brief outline of some public perform-
ance.
PEOG'EESS, n. A course or a moving forward ;
advance in business or knowledge ; passage from
place to place ; a journey of state. SYN. Advance-
ment ; improvement ; proficiency ; motion.
PRO-GRESS', v. t. To move forward ; to advance ;
to proceed or continue onward ; to make improve-
ment.
PRO-GRES'SION (-greWun), n. Act of moving
forward ; intellectual improvement ; regular or
proportional advance in increase or decrease of
numbers or succession of sounds, &c. SYN. Im-
provement ; advancement ; course.
PRO-GRES'SION-AL, o. That advances; that is
in a state to advance.
PEO-GRESS'IVE, a. Going onward; improving,
as the arts are progressive. SYN. Advancing; on-
ward ; forward.
PRO-GRESS'lVE-LY, ad. With advances.
PRO-GRESS'lVE-NESS, n. Advancement; im-
provement.
PRO-HlB'IT, i). t. To interdict by authority, as the
law prohibits what is wrong. SYN. To forbid.
To forbid, is Saxon, and is more familiar; to pro-
cud.
night ; he prohibits his intercourse with the pro-
fane and vicious.
PRO-H1-BI"TION (pro-he-bish'un), n. The act of
forbidding or interdicting; a declaration to hin-
der some action. SYN. Disallowance ; interdict ;
inhibition ; interdiction.
PRO-HlB'IT-lVE
Forbidding ; implying
PRO-HlB'IT-O-RY.f 'prohibition.
PRO-JET', v. t. To throw out ; to form a plan :
to draw or exhibit. SYN. To com i
plan ; purpose ; design ; scheme ; delineate.
PRO-JEt/'T, v. i. To jut ; to shoot forward.
PROJ'ET, n. Something proposed to be done.
SYN. Design. A project (from pro and jacioj is
something of a practical nature thrown out for
consideration as to its being done ; a design (from
de and signo) is a project when matured and set-
tled as a thing to be accomplished. See also
SCHEME.
PRO- J ENTILE, a. Impelling forward ; impelled.
PEO-JETiLE, n. A body projected or thrown.
Projectiles, that part of mechanics which treats of
the motion of bodies thrown or driven through
the air.
PEO-JE'TION (-jgk'shun), n. The act of throw-
ing ; a projecting part of a building ; a plan or
representation, as of a building.
PEO-JET'OR, n. One who plans or designs ; one
who forms visionary schemes.
PRO-JUT (pro-zha'), n. [Fr.] A plan ; the draft of
a proposed measure, &c.
PRO-LAPSE', > n. A falling down ; a falKn -
PEO-LAP'SION,| out of some part of the body.
PEO-LATE', o. Extended beyond the boundark -
of an exact sphere ; enlarged at the poles ; opposed
to oblate.
PRO-LE-GOM'E-NA, n. pi. [Gr.] Preliminary re-
marks.
PEO-LEFSIS, n. A figure in rhetoric by which ob-
jections are anticipated or prevented ; an error in
chronology, by dating an event before the actual
time. [iug; previous.
PEO-LEPTI, a. Relating to prolepsis ; anticipat-
PRO-LE-TAIRE', n. [Fr.] One of the vulgar
throng ; a common and often a vile person.
PEOL'I-ClDE, n. The crime of destroying one's
offspring either before or after birth.
PEO-LlF'EE-OUS,") a. Producing young or fruit ;
PEO-LlF'IG, } having the quality of gener-
PEO-LIF'I-AL, ) ating. SYN. Productive;
fruitful ; fertile ; generative, [plants or creatures .
PEO-LIF-I-GA'TION, n. The generation of youn-,-
PEO-L1X' or PEO'LIX, a. Tediously minute;
drawn out to a great length. SYN. Diffuse. A
prolix -writer delights in circumlocution, extended
detail, and trifling particulars. A diffuse writer is
fond of amplifying, and abounds in epithets,
figures, and illustrations. Diffuseness often arises
from an exuberance of imagination; pro
almost always connected with a want of it. Pro-
liarity is one of the worst qualities of style ; dif-
fuseness is not necessarily a fault, but requires
uncommon genius to relieve it from being weari-
some.
PEO-LlX'I-TY, \n. The quality of great length
PEO-LlX'NESS, j or minuteness, as of a dis-
course ; tediousness.
PEO-LO-!C'TOE (or prol'-), n. The speaker or
chairman of a convocation.
PROLOGUE (pro'log), n. Introduction to a dis-
course or performance, especially before a play.
PRO'LOGUE, v. t. To introduce with a preface.
PKO-LONG', v. t. To lengthen in time or space ; to
put off to a distant time. SYN. To delay ; pro-
tract ; procrastinate ; defer ; postpone.
PRO-LON'GATE, v. t. To extend in time or space.
PRO-LON^-GA'TION (-long-ga'shun), n. A length-
ening ; a lengthening of time by delay or post-
PRO^LONG'EE, n. Ue or that which lengthens.
PRO
359
D6VB, WOLF, B9QK; R^LE, BTT,L ; Vl"CIOU3.-
PEOM-E-NADE' (or prom-nade'), n. A walk for
amusement or exercise, or a place for walking for
amusement or exercise.
PROM-E-NADE', v. t. To walk; to take a walk.
PRO-METHK-AN, a. Pertaining to Prometheus
who stole fire from heaven; n. a variety of light-
match.
d I-NENCE, \n. A standing or jutting out
PROM'I-NEN-CY, > from the surface of some-
thing; conspicuousness ; distinction. SYN. Pro-
tuberance.
PBpMl-NENT, a. Standing out; in high relief;
distinguished above others ; most striking to the
eye. SYN. Protuberant; full; large; conspicu-
ous ; chief.
PROM'I-NENT-LY, ad. By standing out ; conspi-
cuously.
PRO-MIS'U-OUS, a. Consisting of individuals in
a body or mass without order ; not restricted to
an individual. SYN. Mixed; common; indiscri-
minate; confused.
PUO-MlS'U-OUS-LY, ad. Without distinction.
PKOM'lSE, n. In a general sense, a declaration,
written or verbal, which binds either in honour or
in law to do or forbear a certain act specified; a
declaration which affords expectation of good ;
that which gives well-grounded hope of an event,
&c. SYN. Engagement ; covenant.
PRO.M'lSE, v. i. To assure or engage By a binding
declaration ; to afford hopes or expectations.
PKOM'lSE, v. t. To engage by declaration.
PROM-IS-EE', n. One to whom a promise is made.
l'K> 'MTS-ER, n. One who makes a promise.
PROM IS-ING, a. Affording reasonable ground of
PRpM'iS-SO-RY, a. Containing a binding declara-
tion of something to be done or foreborne.
PROM'ON-TO-RY, n. A high point of land project-
ing into the sea ; a headland ; a cape.
PRO-MOTE', v. t. Literally, to move forward;
hence, to contribute to the growth, enlargement,
or excellence of any thing; to advance to higher
rank, &c. SYN. To encourage; excite; exalt.
PRO-MOT'ER, n. He or that which forwards, ad-
vances, or promotes.
PRO-MOTION, n. The act of promoting; exalta-
tion in rank or honour. SY.V. Advancement ; en-
couragement ; assistance ; elevation.
PEO-MO'TIVE, a. Tending to advance, encourage,
or aid. SYN. Promoting ; forwarding ; exalting ;
helpful.
PROMPT, a. Quick to act; not dilatory; laid
down at once, as 2>romptpay. SYN. Ready; expe-
ditious. One who is ready is prepared at the
moment; one who is prompt is prepared before-
hand, so as to start at the moment into decisive
action ; one who is expeditious carries through an
faking with a steady, rapid progress.
PROMPT, v. t. To excite to action or exertion;
to assist a speaker when at a loss; to suggest to
the mind. SYN. To incite; instigate; remind;
dictate.
' L'TER, n. One who reminds a speaker : one
that prompts or excites to action.
PROMPT-I-TCDE.) n. Quickness of decision or
PROMPTNESS, i" action ; cheerful willingness.
SYN. Alacritj : readiness ; activity.
PROMPTLY, ad. With readiness ; immediately.
PBO-MCL'GATE, v. t. To make known by open
declaration. SYN. To publish; proclaim; adver-
tise.
PRO-MUL-GATJON, n. The act of promulgating;
a publication ; notice.
PRO-ML'L-GATOR,) n. One who publishes or
PKO-MOIXVER, j" makes known.
: , v. t. To make known publicly; to
promulgate.
PRONE, a. Bending forward ; lying with the face
downward; inclining in descent. SYN. Bending;
ined : headlong.
I ! NESS, n. The state or act of bending for-
ward; descent; inclination.
as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
PHONG, n. The branch or tine of a fork.
PRO-N'OM'I-NAL, a. Belonging to a pronoun.
PRO'N OUN, n. A word used in the place of u noun
to prevent its repetition.
PRO-NOUNCE', v. t. To utter articulate sounds ;
to declare formally, &c. ; to speak. SYN, To
affirm ; declare ; deliver, which see.
PRO-NOUNCE'A-BLE, a. That can be uttered or
pronounced.
PRO-NOUNC'EE, n. One who utters or declares.
PllO- \ UN-CI-A-MXN'TO, n. [Sp.] A proclamation ;
a manifesto.
PRO-NUN-CI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. Act or
mode of utterance ; particularly the art or man.
ner of uttering a discourse, now called delivery.
PROOF, 71. ; pi. PKOOFS. That which proves or
tries, as a putting to the proof; that which fur-
nishes evidence, as a logical proof, proof of one's
firmness, &c. ; among printers, an impression of a
sheet taken for correction. SY.V. Test ; experi-
ment ; evidence; testimony.
PROOF'LE^S, a. Wanting evidence to induce be-
lief.
PROP, n. That on which a body rests. SYN. Stay;
support; staff; pillar.
PROP, v. t. To prevent from falling by placing
something or standing under or against ; to keep
any thing from falling or give it support. SYN.
To support ; sustain ; stay ; uphold
PROP'A-GA-BLE, a. That may be propagated.
PROP-A-GAN'DA, n. The name of a society iu
Rome which has charge of Roman Catholic mis-
sions.
PROP-A-GAN'DISM, n. The act or practice ot pro-
pagating tenets.
PROP'A-GATE, '-. t. To continue or multiply the
kind by generation ; tc cause to go from one to
another ; to give birth or currency to ; to give in-
crease to. SYN. To increase; extend; produce;
generate ; spread ; promote.
PROP'A-GATE, v. i. To have young or issue; to
be produced or multiplied by generation.
PROP-A-GA'TION, n. The act of propagating;
the spreading or extension of any thing ; for-
warding or promoting. SYN. Production; gene-
ration ; extension ; spread ; increase.
PROP'A-GA-TOR, n. One who propagates, either
by generation, planting, multiplying &c.
PRO-PEL', v. t. To drive or push forward ; to
drive or urge forward by force.
PRO-PEL'LER, 71. A contrivance for producing
motion by the action of a screw placed in the
stern of a vessel ; a steam-boat thus propelled.
PRO-PEND'EN-CY, n. Inclination toward.
PRO-PENSE*. a. Leaning toward. SYN. Inclined ;
disposed ; prone.
PRO-I-EN'SION, ') n. Bent of mind; natural ten-
PRO-PN'SI-TY, j dency. SYN. Disposition;
bias; inclination; proclivity.
PROP'ER, o. One's own ; naturally or essentially
belonging to a thing ; particularly suited to ; cor-
rect ; not figurative; noting an individual, as a
propername. --YN. Peculiar; fit; adapted; just:
right ; accurate, &c.
PROP'EE-LY, ad. In a suitable manner; fitly ;
duly.
PEOP'EE-TY, n Peculiar or inherent quality ;
exclusive right of possessing, using, and dispos-
ing of; ownership; the thing owned; an estate;
plantation ; nearness or right ; something use-
lul ; in the plural properties, the dresses, &c., in
a theatre. STN. Attributes ; quality ; goods; pos-
sessions ; riches ; wealth.
PROPH'E-CY (prut'e-sy), n. A declaration of some-
thing to come ; the public interpretation of Scrip-
ture ; exhortation, &c. SYN. A fore-telling; pre-
diction ; prognostication ; pre;
PROPH'E-Sf, v. t. orv. i. To foretell future events;
to utter prophecies or predictions. SYN. To pre-
dict : foreshow; preach, <tc.
PROPII'E-St-IJSG, n. The act of fore-telling or
preaching.
PKO I
I, f., &C., Ion0. X, fi, &C., S?wrt CiRE, FAR, LA8T.
PROl'H'ET (pruf'et), n. One that foretells future
events ; an interpreter.
PROPH'ET-ESS, n. A female that predicts.
PRO-PHETK), ") a. Belonging to a prophet or
PRO-PHET'IC-AL, j to prophecy; containing pre
diction of future events.
PRO-PHET'IG- AL-LY, ad. By way of prediction.
PROPH-Y-LATie (prof-e-lSk'tik), n. A medicine
which preserves from disease.
PRO-PINE', v. t. To pledge ; to expose.
PRO-PlN'QUI-TY, n. Nearness in place, time, or
relationship.
PRO-Pi"TIA-I3LE (-plsh'a-bl), a. That may be
made propitious.
PRO-PPTIATE (-pfsh'ate), v. t To render one fa-
vourable or propitious. SYN. To reconcile; con-
ciliate ; appease ; gain.
PRO-PI'TI-ATION (-pish-e-a'shun),n. Act of pro-
pitiating or appeasing ; atonement.
PRO-PI"TI-A'TOR (-pish-e-a'tor), n. One who ap-
peases or atones.
PKO-Pl"TI-A-TO-RY (-pish'e-a-to-ry), a. Adapted
to render favoixrable or to atone.
PRO-PI'TI-A-TO-RY, n. The mercy-seat ; the lid
or cover of the ark of the covenant.
PRO-Pl'TIOUS (-pteh'us), a. Kindly disposed or
gracious j ready to forgive ; highly favourable to
success. SYN. Auspicious. Auspicious (from the
ancient idea of auspices or omens) denotes " indi-
cative of success, or favoured by incidental occur-
rences," as an auspicious opening, an auspicious
event. Propitious (from prope, near, implying the
favourable presence of some higher powerj de-
notes that which efficaciously protects us in some
undertaking, speeds our exertions, and decides
our success, as propitious gales, propitious influ-
ences, a propitioits climate.
PRO-Pl'TIOUS LY (-p'ish'us-ly), ad. Favourably;
kindly.
PRO'PLASM, n. A mould; a matrix.
PRO'PO-LIS, n. A thick, odorous substance like
wax, used by bees to stop crevices in hives.
PRO-PO'NENT, n. One that makes a proposal, or
lays down a proposition.
PRO-PORTION, n. The comparative relation or
adaptation of one thing to another ; equal or just
share j the equality of ratios ; a rule in arith-
metic. SYN. Symmetry. The idea of adaptation
is common to both these words, but symmetry de-
notes beautiful adaptation, an idea not always em-
braced in the word proportion.
PRO-PORTION, v. t. To adjust parts to each
other ; to form with symmetry or suitableness.
PRO-PORTION- A-BLE, o. That may be propor-
tioned ; suitable.
PRO-PORTION-A-BLY, cd. In or according to
proportion.
PRO-PORTION-AL, a. Having duo comparative
relation ; being in suitable proportion or degree ;
relating to proportion. SYN. Proportionate; cor-
responding; symmetrical; suitable.
PllO-POKTION-AL, n. A number or quantity pro-
portional ; in chemistry, the weight of an atom or
an equivalent ; in mathematics, one of the terras of
a proportion.
PRO-PpLt-TION-AL'I-TY, n. The state or quality
of being in proportion.
PRO-POK'TION-AL-LY, ad. In due proportion.
PRO-PORTION -ATE, a. Adjusted to something
else according to a certain rate or comparative re-
lation. SYN. Proportional; equal; symmetrical;
corresponding.
PRO-PORTION-ATE, v. t. To proportion ; to make
proportional.
PKO-PORTION-ATE-LY, cd. With due propor-
tion.
PRO-PORTION-LESS, a. Without proportion.
PRO-PC'S A L, n. That which is offered for con-
sideration or acceptance; terms or conditions
proposed ; a bringing before the mind. SYN. Of-
tVr ; tender ; overture; bid; proposition, which
>o ruo
PALL, WHAT; TB.&RS, TiRM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
PRO-POSE' (prp-pOze'), v. t. To offer for considera-
tion or adoption. SYW. To bid; tender; present;
proffer.
PRO-POSE', v. i. To offer one's self in marriage.
PRO-PO$'ER, n. One who makes a proposition.
PROP-0-Sl'TION (-zlsh'un), n. Literally, some-
thing set forth; hence, a distinct statement of
something as true, as a proposition in Euclid ;
that which is offered for consideration, as propo-
sitions of peace. SYN. Proposal. These words
mark different forms or stages of a negotiation.
A proposition is something presented for discus-
sion or consideration; a proposal is some defi-
nite thing offered by one party to be accepted or
rejected by the other. If the proposition is
favourably received, it is usually followed by pro-
posals which complete the arrangement.
PROP-O-S1TION-AL (-zlsh'un-al), a. Belonging
to or containing a proposition.
PRO-POUND', v. t. To propose; to exhibit; to
offer. In Congregational churches, to propose as a
candidate for admission.
PRO-POUND'ER, n. One who proposes or offers,
PRO-PR^E'iOU, n. A previous praetor appointed
governor of an imperial province.
PRO-PRI'E-TA-RY, n. A possessor in his own
right ; a. belonging to an owner.
PBO-PEI'E-TOB, n. One who has the legal or ex-
clusive right to a thing. SYN. Owner ; possessor ;
master.
PRO-PRFE-TOR-SHIP, n. State of a proprietor.
PRO-PRPE-TKESS, n. A female proprietor.
PRO-PIil'E-TY, n. That which is suitable, appro-
priate, or according to established principles,
rules, or customs; exclusive or peculiar right.
SYN. Fitness ; suitableness ; decorum ; just-
ness; accuracy.
PRO-POGN' (pro-pune), v. t. To defend or vindicate.
PRO-POGN'EK (pro-pu'ner), n. One who defend ;
or vindicates.
PRO-POL'SION (-pul'shun), n. The act of driving
forward.
PRO-POL'SlVE, a. Having power to propel.
PROi"Y-LON, n. The porch, vestibule, or entrance
of an edifice.
PEO RE NATA, [L.] For an emergency, as a meet-
ing of a deliberative body.
PRO-RfiPTION, n. A creeping on.
PRO-RO-GATION, n. Delay; the continuance of
the Parliament of Great Britain from one session
to another.
PRO-ROGUE', v. t. To protract ; to continue the
Parliament from session to session. SYN. Pro-
long ; postpone ; defer ; adjourn, which see.
PRO-R OPTION, n. A bursting forth or out.
PRO-SA'KJ (-za'ik), a. Consisting of or resembling
prose; dull; uninteresting.
PKO-SA'IST, n. A writer of prose.
PRO-SC'NI-UJ1 (-sc'iii-um), n. The front part of
the stage in a theatre.
PRO-S 8KIBE', v. t. To put out of the protection of
the law ; to condemn as dangerous or unworthy
of use, &c. SYN. To denounce; outlaw; doom.
PRO-SGRIB'ER, n. One that proscribes or con-
demns.
PRO-SGRlPTION (-skrYp'shun), n. The act of
proscribing ; a dooming to death ; a putting out
of the protection of the law ; condemning to exile ;
utter rejection as useless or unworthy. SYN.
Outlawry; banishment j condemnation; denun-
ciation.
PKO-SRlP'TlVE, a. Pertaining to or consisting
in proscription.
PlxOSti (pruze), n. Language not in verse or num-
bers ; the natural language of man.
PROSE, a. Unrestrained to numbers ; free,
P ROSE, v i. To make a tedious relation.
Pi:OSE-CTE, v. t. To follow with a view to
reach, execute, or accomplish ; to commence,
continue, or persist in efforts; to seek to obtain
by a legal process ; to accuse of some crime or
PRO
361
PRO
DOTE, WOLF, BOQK ; RULE, BULL ; vI"ciOU3. -6 as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as 8H ; THIS.
r. t . To throw down ; to lay or fall
treach of law SYK. To continue ; pursue ; per
Bist ; follow : carry on ; criminate.
PROS'E-OTE, v. t. To carry on a prosecution.
PROS-E-C'T1ON, n. The act or process of en.
deavouring to gain some object; the institution
or carrying on of a suit to obtain some right or to
redress and punish some wrong.
PROS'E-C-TOR, 71. One who prosecutes.
PROS'E-LtTE, n. A new convert to a creed or
party. See CONVERT.
PROS'E-LYTE, v. t. To convert to a creed or
'ROS'E-LYT-IZE,
PROS'E-LYT-IZE, v. t. To make converts ; to pro
selyte.
PROS'E-LtT-ISM, n. The making of converts
conversion to a system or creed.
PROS'ER (pru'zer), n. A writer of prose ; a tedious
person.
PROS'ING, n. The quality of being dull and tedi-
ously minute in writing or speech.
PRO-SLAV'ER-Y, a. In favour of slavery or advo-
cating it.
PRO-SO'DI-AL, ) o. According to rules of pro-
PRO-SOD'IC-ALJ sody.
PRO-SO'DI-AN, ) n. One skilled in prosody or in
PROS'0-DIST, $ metrical composition.
PROS'O-DY, 11 The part of grammar which treats
of the quantity of syllables, accent, and of the
laws of versification.
PRpS-O-PO-PWIA (-r-r-'ya), n. [Gr.] A fisrure
in rhetoric by which things are represented as
persons, or an absent person is introduced as
speaking.
PROSTE6T, n. A view of things within reach of
the eye ; object of view ; reason to hope ; position
of the front of a building ; the ground of expecta-
tion. SYN. View; survey; landscape; picture.
i'ECJT, v. t. or v. i. A verb much used in
mining regions, denoting to search or examine,
as to prospect a district for gold, &c.
PRO-SPETIVE, a. Looking forward ; regarding
the future.
PRO-SPET'US n. ; pi. PRO-SPICT'US-ES. Plan
of a literary work, containing the general subject
or design, terms of publication, <tc.
PROS'PER, v. i. To be successful ; to grow or in-
crease; to make gain. SYN. To succeed ; flourish ;
thrive ; advance.
PROS'PER, v. t. To cause to succeed ; to favour ;
to make prosperous ; to render successful.
PROS-PER'I-TY, n. Advance or gain in any thing
good or desirable ; successful progress in any busi-
ness or enterprise; attainment of the object de-
sired. SYN. Success; thrift; weal; welfare; well-
being; happiness.
I'ER-uUS, a. Advancing in any thing desir-
able ; making gain, &c. ; marked by success ; fa-
vouring success. SIN. Successful; thriving;
favourable ; fortunate, which see.
i'ER-OUS-LY, ad. Successfully; with gain.
PROS'T HE-SIS, 71. In grammar, a figure by which
one or more letters are attached to a word; in
surgery, the addition of an artificial part to supply
a defect ; in medicine, an overlapping, as of one
period on another.
I'ROS'TATE, a. The prostate gland is situated be-
fore the neck of the bladder in males.
PRO-STER-NATION, n. Dejection ; depression.
PROSTI-TCTE. v. t. To sell or devote to lewdnc-ss ;
to debase; to make common j to sell for wicked-
ness.
i I-TGTE, a. Vicious for hire ; sold to vice.
i'ROS'TI-TOTE, n. A female devoted to i
minate lewdness ; a base hireling; a strumpet.
PROS-TI-TCTION, n. Common lewdness ; the act
of setting one's self for sale or of devoting what
one has power over to infamous purposes.
PROS'TI-TG-TOR, n. One who offers or submits
himself to vile purposes.
PROSTRATE, a. Lying at length; flat on the
ground; at mercy, as a suppliant, or in the pos-
ture of humility or adoration.
KUS'i itATi'., v. . o row own ; o ay or a
flat. STX. To overthrow; demolish; ov
ruin ; level, &c.
PROS-TRA'TION, n. A throwing down or
total dejection or depression.
PRO'STYLE, . A range of columns in front.
PRO'SY, a. Like prose ; dull.
PRO-SYL'LO GISM, n. A form of argument in
which the conclusion of one syllogism becomes
the major or the minor of the following.
. \ In chemistry, a prefix expressing the
PHOTO, ) combination in which the base is in
the largest proportion possible to the other sub-
stance, as protoxide, <tc.
PROTA-SIS, n. [Or.] The preparatory clause of a.
sentence, as opposed to the apodosis, which word
see.
PRO'TE-AN, a. Pertaining to Proteus; changing
shape readily.
PRO'TE-AN, n. A name given to a preparation of
India-rubber, which is hard and like wood, used
in the manufacture of various articles.
PRO-TET, v. t. To secure from injury ; to throw
a shelter over; to keep in safety, SYIT. To
shield ; save ; cover ; vindicate ; defend, which see.
PRO-TEG'TION, n. The act of preserving from
evil, loss, injury, &c. ; that which protects or
preserves from injury ; a writing that protects.
SYN. Defence ; guard ; shelter ; safety ; exemp-
tion.
PRO-TE'TION-IST, n. An advocate for protection
of industry by increased duties, bounties, &c.
PRO-TECT'IVE, a. Defensive ; sheltering.
PRO-TET'OR, n. One who defends or prc
from injury, evil, or oppression. SYN. A
ian ; preserver ; defender ; saviour ; supporter.
PRO-TETOR-ATE, n. Government by a pro-
tector.
PRO-TET'OR-SIIIP, n. The office of a protector.
PRO-TE!TRESS, n. A female who protects.
PRO-TE-GE' (pro-ta-zha'), n. [Fr.] One protected
or patronised.
PUO'TE-IN, n. A gelatinous semi-transparent sub-
stance obtained from albumen, &c., insoluble in
water, and thought to be the basis of auirnal
tissue, &c.
PRO TEM'PO-EE. [L.] For the present time;
temporary.
PRO-TEST, v. t. To affirm solemnly ; to make a
solemn declaration in writing against a public
measure. SYN. To assert ; declare; attest; pro-
fess; remonstrate; a firm, which see.
RO-TEST, v. t. To affirm with solemnity ; to
mnVo a formal declaration of non-payment, as of
a bill, notice, &c.
- r, n. A solemn declaration of opinion,
or in writing, of a dissent; a formal declara
of a notary of non-payment, &c., or of a mah I
a vessel in certain cases.
PROTEST- A NT, a. Pertaining to Protestants.
'ROTEST-ANT, n. One who protests against
popery ; one of the reformed religion.
ROT'EST-ANT-ISM, it. The religion of Prote.s-
tants.
KOT-ES-TA'TION, n. A solemn declaration.
RO-TESTER, n. One who makes a protest.
RO'TEUS, n. [L.] One that can assume different
shapes ; a marine deity ; a reptile.
RO-THON'O-TA-UY, n. The chief notary ; the
register or clerk of a court.
RO'TO--eOL, ii. The minutes or rough draft of
an instrument or transaction ; a schedule or
ment of the points proposed as the batis
treaty or negotiation, <tc.
KOTO-MAKTYR, n. The first martyr, Ste-
KOTO-PLAST, n. The thing first formed.
BQTO-TfPE, n. An original or pattern
which any thing is to be formed, cast, cnj-.
&c. SYN. Archetype : model; exemplar.
KO-TO-ZO'A, n. The infusoria or lo ..
animalcules ; sometimes the term includes all t!iu
lower animals with no perceptible nerves.
PRO 3G2
I, E, &c., lonj. I, &, &c., short. ciRE, FAR, LAST,
PRO-TRA3T 7 , v. t. To lengthen in time; to put
off to a distant time; to draw out. SYX. To pro-
long ; delay ; defer ; postpone ; retard.
PEO-TE A-GT'EE, n. One who protracts or lengthens
in time.
PEO-TRATION, n. A lengthening out ; the act
of delaying anything; in surveying, the plotting
or laying down the measures of a field.
PRO-TRAT'iVE, a. Drawing out or lengthening
in time ; delaying; dilatory.
PEO-TEA-GT'OR, n. He or that which protracts ;
a mathematical instrument used for measuring
or laying down angles, &c. ; also a surgical in-
strument.
PEO-TEUDE' (31), v. t. To thrust out or forward.
PEO-TEUDE', v. t. To shoot forward ; to be thrust
forward.
PEO-TEUD'ED, a. Thrust forward or out.
PEO-TEC'^ION (-tru'zhun), n. Act of thrusting
out or beyond the usual limit ; state of being pro-
truded ; a driving ; a push.
PEO-TEU'SIVE, a. Impelling outward ; thrusting
forward.
PRO-TU'BEE-ANCE, n. Any thing swelled be-
yond the surrounding siirface; a bunch or knob ;
a swelling or tumour.
PRO-TU'BER-ANT, a. Prominent beyond the sur-
rounding surface ; swelling.
PEO-TU'BER-ATE, v. i. To swell, stand, or bulge
out beyond adjacent parts.
PEO-TU-BER-A'TION, n. Act of swelling beyond
the surface.
PEOUD, a. Having inordinate self-esteem; lofty
in mien or grand in person ; exhibiting ostenta-
tion, arrogance, or presumption ; fungous, as
proud flesh. SYN. Conceited; arrogant; super-
cilious; lofty; splendid; ostentatious.
PEOU-D'LY, ad. With undue self-esteem ; haugh-
tily.
PEOV'A-BLE (proov'a-bl), a. Capable of being
proved.
PROVE (proov), v. I. To ascertain by an experi-
ment, test, or standard ; to establish, as truth ;
to settle the genuineness or validity, as to prove a
will. SYN. To try; test; verify; confirm.
PROVE, v. i. To make trial ; to ascertain by ex-
perience or experiment ; to make certain.
PKOV'EN-DEE, n. Food for cattle and horses.
PROV'ER (proov'er), n. One who tries ; that which
proves.
PuOV'ERB, n. A short sentence often repeated,
expressing a well known truth ; a wise or pithy
saying ; a name oftrn repeated, and hence an ob-
ject of contempt. SYN. Maxim; aphorism; ad-
age; by-word.
PEO-VERB'I-AL (13), a. Contained in, pertaining
to, or resembling a proverb ; used or current as a
proverb.
PRO-VE HB'I-AL-ISM, n. A proverbial phrase.
PRO-VERB'i-AL-IST, n. A writer or speaker of
proverbs.
PEO-VERB'I-A f.-IZE, v. t. To turn into a proverb.
PRO-VEKB'I-AL-LY, ad. In or by a proverb.
PEO-VlDE', v. t. To procure beforehand or for
future use ; to supply ; to stipulate previously.
PEO-VlDE', v. i. To take measures for avoiding
an evil.
PEOV'I-DENCE, n. Timely care, preparation, or
provision; in theology, the superintendence of
God over his creatures. SYN. Foresight ; pru-
dence.
PEOV'I-DENT, a. Foreseeing wants, and taking
measures to supply them. SYN. Forecasting ;
careful; cautious; prudent; frugal; economical.
PROV-I-DEN'TIAL (-dSn'shal), a. Referable to
Divine Providence; proceeding from the divine
core and superintendence.
PROV-I-DENTIAL-LY, ad. By means of God's
providence.
PliOV'I-DENT-LY, ad. With careful precaution.
PROVINCE, n. A country belonging to a king-
dom or state, either by conquest or colonization,
rnu
FAJ.L, WH>T; THKRE.TERM; MABlNE, BlRD ; MOVE,
usually at a distance, but subject and dependent ;
an ecclesiastical district; the proper office or
business of a person.
PEO-VIN CIAL, n. A spiritual governor ; inhabi-
tant of a province.
PEO-VJN'CIAL, a. Belonging to a province ; not
polished ; rude.
PEO-VlN'CIAL-ISM, n. Peculiarity of speech in a
province or district remote from the metropolis
PEO-VFSION (-vi'zh'unj, n. The act of providing ;
things provided ; preparation ; measures taken
for security, defence, or supply ; previous stipu-
lation ; stores; food.
PEO-V1"SION, v. t. To supply with stores of
food.
PEO-Vl"SION-AL, -)a. Serving for
PEO-Vl"$ION-A-EY (-vlzh'un-), ) present use ;
temporarily established.
PEO-Vr'SION-AL-LY, ad. Temporarily ; for the
present exigency.
PEO-Vl'SO, n. ; pi. Pno-vl'sOs. Conditional stipu-
lation.
PEO-VI'SOE, 7i. A purveyor or steward.
PEO-VI'SO-EY, a. Making temporary provision ;
conditional.
PEOV-0-eA'TION, n. Any thing which excites
anger ; the act of exciting anger.
PEO-VO'A-TIVE, a. Exciting; stimulating ap-
petite.
PEO-VO'A-TlVE, n. That which excites; a stimu-
lant.
PEO-VOKE', v. t. To call to action ; to make angry.
SYN. To excite ; challenge ; offend ; incense ;
irritate, which see.
PRO-VOK'ER, n. One that excites anger or other
passion; that which excites, causes, or pro-
motes.
PRO-VOK'ING, a. Tending to awaken passion.
PROV'OST (prov'ust), n. A chief officer or magis-
trate.
PROV'OST-SHI P, n. The office of a provost .
PEOW, n. The forepart of a ship.
PROWESS, n. Bravery, especially military bra-
very ; valour ; fearlessness of danger.
PEOWL, v. i. To rove for prey ; to plunder.
PEOWL, n. A roving for prey ; something to be
seized or plundered.
PEOWL'ER, n. One that roves for prey.
PEOXI-MATE, a. Having intimate relation or
connection. SYN. .Nearest; closest; next; im-
mediate ; direct.
PEOX'I-MATE-LY, ad. By immediate relation or
connection: immediately.
PEOX-lM'I-TY, . The state of being next; im-
mediate nearness of place, time, blood, &c.
PEOX'I-MO, n. |V,.] The next or the coming
month, used in dates, references, &c.
PEOX'Y, n. Agency of a substitute ; a substitute ;
a writing authorizing a substitute to vote.
PROX'Y-SHIP, 71. The office or agency of a proxy.
PEUDE (31), n. A woman of reserve, coyness, and
affected stiffness of manners.
PEU'DENCE, n. Wisdom applied to practice ;
cautious avoidance of eviL SVN. Forecast; con-
siderateness ; discretion; judgment; caution.
PEU'DENT, a. Cautious to avoid harm ; practi-
cally wise ; dictated or directed by prudence.
SYN. Circumspect ; discreet ; judicious ; provi-
dent ; economical ; frugal.
PRtt-DEN'TIAL (-d6n'shal), a. Dictated by pru-
dence ; superintending the discretionary concerns
of a society.
PEfl'DNT-LY, ad. Discreetly ; with due caution.
PEUD'EE-Y, n. Affected scrupulousness or re-
serve.
PEUD'ISH, a. Affectedly coy, reserved, or grave.
PEONE, n. A dried plum.
PEtJNE, v. t. To cut off branches; to trim ; to
preen.
PEU-NEL'LA, ") n. A smooth woollen stuff, gene-
PEU-NEL'LO, / rally black, used for making
garments and shoes ; also a dried plum.
PRU
PUF
DdVE, WOLF, BQQK; R^LE, BULL: Vi";lOCS
VER, n. One who prunes or trims.
fi-OUS, a. Producing prunes.
N 1XU. 71. Act of trimming; a cropping.
) t
I N G- K XI i'E (-nlfe) n " An instrument for
PRON'ING-SHEARS, f pruning trees.
PRC'RI-EXCE, [n. An itching; great desire;
PRO'RI-KN-CY,; sensuality. "
iO'RI-ENT, a. Itchincr ; unoasy with desire.
PRU-Rl'GO, 11. A peculiar papular eruption of the
skin, attended with itching, but different from
called itch.
PRCS'SI AN, a. Pertaining to Prussia. Prussian blue
is a, salt, of iron, of a beautiful deep blue colour,
much us.- nt.
-I or PEOS'SIO, o. Prussic acid is a viru-
lent poison, first obtained from Prussian blue,
now from various other substances, used in
medicine.
PRY, v. i. To inspect closely.
PRY, v. t. To lift with a lever.
PRY, n. Narrow inspection, <fcc. ; a lever.
. \G, a. Disposed to search into things. See
INQUISITIVE.
P, next before s and t is silent.
PSALM (sam), n. A sacred song or hymn, pirticu-
larly the versification of the Psalms of David and
others contained in the Bible.
I 1ST (sam'ist), . A writer of psalms, anc
particularly applied to David. In the Church of
Borne, the leader of singing.
PSAL-MOD'IC-AL (sal-m5d'ik-al), a. Relating to
psalms.
T.SAL'MO-DIST (sal'ino-dist), n. One who sings
sacred son
PSAI/MO-Dl (sal'mo-dy), n. The art or practice
of singing sacred songs.
PSAL MGG'RA-PHY, n. The writing of psalms.
PtfALTER (sawl'ter), n. The Hook of Psalms ; a
series of devout sentences, relating to th<
ings of Christ, &c., used in the Roman Catholic
service.
rs\l/TEE-T (sawl'ter-y), n. An instrument of
music.
PSEO'DO (su'do), n. In compounds, signifies false,
spurious.
PSEC'DO-GRAPH, ) n. False writ -
PSEO-DOG'RA-PHY (su-dog'ra-fy),f ing.
PSEU- 1 - . Falsehood of speech.
PSEC'DO-MOKPH'OUS, a. Not of the true form ;
applied to a crystal not in its primitive form.
PSEU-DON'Y-MOUS, o. Bearing a false or ficti-
tious name.
PSHAW (shaw), e.t. Expressing contempt or dis-
dain.
PSIT-TA'CEOUS, a. Helonzing to the parrot tribe.
i:A, n. The itch or any cutaneous disease.
PSY'HI-AL (sl'kik-al), a. Relating to the soul,
its nature, &c.
PSY-HO-U")G'I (sl-ko-loj'ik), ) a. Pertaining to
PSY-HO-L()i'i IC-AL, f a treatise on the
soul, or to the studv of the soid of man
PSY-HOL'O GIST (sl-kol'o-jist), n. One who is
versed in or writes on the nature and properties
of the soul.
PSY-HOL'O-GY (si-kol'o-jy), . The doctrine o.'
the soul ; a discourse or treatise on the soul.
PSY'CHO-MAN-CY (si'ko-man-cy), n. Divination
by consulting the souls of the d
PTARMI-GAX, )i. A bird of the -rouse family.
PTER-O-DA"TYLE, n. An extinct flying reptile.
PTER-Y-GO'TUS, n. A gigantic crustacean of the
Devonian period.
\X (tiz'sui), ' ion of barley with
other i irink.
I'TOL-E-MA'ie, n. Pertaining to Ptolemy, who
held the earth to be the centre of the system.
I'TY'A-LlrlM (Ti'a-li/.m), n. Salivation; a morbid
and copious flow of saliva.
PO'BER-AL, a. Pertaining to puberty.
PO'BER-TY, n. The age at wbich persons are able
to procreate and bear children.
, as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; On as SH ; THIS.
N CE, n. A state of puberty ; in botan-j.
the downy substance of plants.
S'CENT, a. Arriving at puberty; downy.
P0B'LI, a. Pertaining to a nation or comm
common to many ; circulated among all <
open to all ; regarding the community ; open for
entertainment or common use. SYN. Common ;
current; general; notorious.
1C, n. The body of a people.
i.'L'li LI-CAN, n. A collector of toll; an inn-
keeper.
PUB- LI-CATION, n. The act of publishing; book
or writing published. SYS. Proclamation ; an-
nunciation ; disclosure ; revelation.
POB'LI-CIST, 71. A writer on the laws of nations.
PUB-LlC I-TY (-1'is'e-ty), n. State of being public
or known to the community ; notoriety.
PfJB'LIC-LY, ad. Without concealment ; openly ;
in the name of the community.
POB'LISH, v. t. To send a book into the world;
to sell or offer a book for sale ; to put into circu-
lation; to make known. SYN. To advertise; de-
clare; disclose; reveal; announce, which see.
POB'LISH-EIl, n. One who makes known ; one
who publishes books, &c.
PtTB'LISH-MENT, n. In popular usage, public
notice of an int t ^e.
PUCE, a. Of a dark brown or brownish-purple
colour.
POCK, n. A mischievous spirit ; a demon.
POCK'ER, v. t. To plait ; to wrinkle.
PCCK'ER, n. A fold, wrinkle, or a collection of
folds.
PCD'DER, n. A tumult or bustle. [Vulgar.]
PtTD'DER, v. i. or v. t. To make a tumult or
bustle ; to perplex ; to confuse.
PUD'DING, n. A compound of meal or flour, &c.,
"baked or boiled; a wreath of cordage round a
mast or an anchor-ring.
PUD'DING-STONE, n. A conglomerate stone
composed of silicious pebbles.
POD'DLE, n. A muddy standing water ; a mix-
ture of sand and clay worked together so as to be
impervious to water
POD'DLE, r. t. To make foul; to make thick ; to
render impervious to water ; to convert cast into
wrought iron by puddling.
POD'DLING, n. The act of rendering impervious
to water by means of clay ; the process of con-
verting cast into wrought iron by expelling the
carbon, &c.
POD'DLY, a. Muddy : foul ; dirty.
PO'DEN-CY, n. Modesty; Bhamefacedness.
I'U-DlC'I-TY (-dis'e-ty), n. M" :ity.
PO'ER-ILE (pu'er-il) "a. Pertaining to boys ; boy-
ish ; weak. SYN. Youthful ; juvenile. Puerile is
always used in a bad sense, or at least in the sense
of what is suitable to a boy only, as puerile objec-
tions, puerile amusements, &c. Juvenile is some-
times taken in a bad sense (though less strong
than puerile), as v- ; ag of youth in con-
trast with manhood, as jnceiule tricks, a j
performance. .monly empL
a good sense, as youthful aspirations, or at least
by way of extenuating, as youthful indiscre-
tions.
PO'ER-ILE-NESS, ") n. The manners of a child ;
PO-ER-lL'I-TY, j that which is trifling, flat, or
insipid ; childishness.
PU-ER'PE-RAL. a. Pertaining to childbirth.
POFF, n. A si ion of breath; a whiff ; a
blast of wind ; som.-iliiug light and porous; an
exaggerated commendation.
POFF, v. i. To drive air from the mouth in a
to swell the (hecks with air; to blow, as an ex-
pression of scorn, &c ; to breathe with vehe-
mence ; to do or move with hurry ; to d'n
POFF, v. t. To drive with a blast of wind ; to swell ;
to praise with exaggeration.
POFF'-BALL, n. A mushroom or fungus full of
dust.
POFF'ER, n. One who puffs ; a boaster.
PTJF 64
i , ic , long. I, , <fcc., s/iort CARB, FAR, LIST,
POFF'IN, n. A bird of the auk family ; also, a va
riety of fish.
PCFF'1-.NESS, n. State or quality of being turgid.
PfJFF'ING, n. A short breathing; extravagant
praise.
POFF'Y, a. Swelled with air or any soft matter
tumid ; bombastic.
P0G, n. A name given to a little animal treated
with familiarity, as a monkey, dog, &c.
PUGH (po), ex. Expressing contempt or dislike.
PC'GIL-ISM, n. A boxing ; fighting with the list.
PO'G.IL-IST, n. One who fights with his fist.
?U-GIL-1ST'I, a. Pertaining to boxing.
PUG-NA'CIOUS (-na'shus), a. Inclined to fight ;
fighting.
PUG-NAC'I-TY (-nas'e-ty), n. Disposition to fight.
PUG'NOSK, n. A short, thick nose ; a snub-nose.
POIS'NE (pu'ny), a. Younger ; inferior in rank, as
puisne justices.
PO'IS-SANCE, n. Power ; strength ; valour.
PC'IS-SANT, a. Characterized by power, bravery,
or force. SYJT. Powerful ; mighty ; brave ; forci-
ble.
POKE, v. i. To vomit ; to eject from the stomach.
POKE, 7U A medicine that causes vomiting.
POK'ING, n. The act of vomiting.
POL'!HRI-TODE, n. That quality of form, &c.,
which pleases the eye ; those qualities of the
mind which deserve love, &c. SYN. Beauty ;
comeliness ; grace.
POLE, v. i. To whine or cry like a child or chicken.
PO'LING-LY, ad. With puling or whining.
PULK'HA, n. A Laplander's travelling sledge.
PULL, -u. t. or v. i. To draw or try to draw ; to
gather by drawing or forcing out, as flax ; to
tear; to bring down. SYN. To drag; haul;
pluck ; rend ; demolish, &c.
PULL, n. Act of drawing or plucking.
PULL'BACK, n. Something that hinders pro-
gress.
PULL'ER, n. One that pulls.
PIJLL'ET, n. A young hen or female fowl.
PULL'EY, n. ; pi. PULL'KYS. A small wheel in a
"block, with a furrow or groove, for a running
cord ; n. mechanical power.
PUL'LU-LATE, v. t. To bud: to germinate.
PUL'MO-NA-RY, > a. Belonging to or affecting the
PUL-MON'ie, ) lungs.
PUL-MOVIO, n. Medicine for diseases of the
lungs ; a person affected with disease of the
lungs.
PCLP, n. The soft part of fruit ; a soft mass ; mar-
row.
PULP, v. t. To deprive of pulp, as seeds.
PUL'PIT, n. An elevated station or desk for a
?" readier ; a sort of nioveable desk.
.. L'PIT-OR'A-TOR, n. An eloquent preacher.
PDLP'Y US ' } a ' Consistin & of or like P ul P-
PUL'QUE (pul'ka), n. [Sp.] A refreshing drink,
slightly intoxicating, extracted from the maguey
or agave of Mexico.
PDL'SATE. v. i. To beat or throb as an artery.
PfJL'riA-TlLE (pul'sa-til), o. That is or may be
beaten.
PUL-SATION, n. A beating ; the throbbing of the
heart and arteries.
PUL'SA-TlVE. \a. Beating; throbbing, as the
POL'SA-TO-llY, > heart.
POLSE, n. A beating of arteries ; the stroke with
which a medium is effected by the motion of light
and sound ; oscillation or vibration ; leguminous
plants or their seeds.
PUL-STF I, a. M oviug or exciting the pulse.
PUL-TA'CEOUS, (-shus), a. Macerated; nearly
fluid.
POh'VER-A-BLE, n. That may be powdered.
PUL-VER-I-ZA'TION, n. A reducing to powder.
POL'VER-IZE, r. f. To reduce to fine powder, as
by beating, pounding, or atmospheric agency.
PUL-VR'C-LENCE, n. Dustiness; a powdery
state.
PUN
FALL, WHAT; TIliRE, TfcRM ; MAR1NB, BtBD ; MOVB,
PUL-VfiR'0-LENT, n. Dusty; consisting of pow-
der ; addicted to lying or rolling in the dust, as
fowls, &c.
PO'MA, n. A rapacious animal of the cat family,
found in the warmer parts of America.
POM'lCE (pu'mis or ptim'is), n. A light porous
substance ejected from volcanoes.
PU-MI"CEOUS (-mish'us), a. Consisting of pumice.
POM'MACE, n. Apples crushed for making cider.
See POMACE.
POM'MEL. See POMMEL.
POMP, n. An engine for raising water ; a thin-soled
shoe.
POMP, v. i. or v. t. To work or raise water with a
pump ; to draw out or examine by artful interro-
gatories.
5 OMP'-BRAKE, n. The arm or handle to a pump.
POMP'-DALE, 11. A long wooden tube to convey
the water from a chain-pump across the ship.
POMP'-GEAIl, n. The apparatus of a pump.
PON, n. A quibble ; a low conceit ; an expression
or word with two meanings.
PON, v . i. To quibble or play upon words.
PONCH, n. An instrument to perforate holes ; a
drink made of lemons, sugar, water, and spirit ; a
buffoon ; a short, fat fellow ; a fat, short-backed
horse ; a blow or thrust.
PONCH, v. t. To perforate with an iron instru-
ment ; to thrust.
PONCH'EON (pun'chun), n. A tool for stamping ;
a block or piece of steel with figures engraved on
it, from which impressions are taken ; a cask
usually containing 120 gallons.
PtTNCH'ER, n. One that punches ; a perforating
instrument.
PUN-CHt-NfiL'LO, n. A buffoon ; a punch.
PONCH'Y, a. Short and thick, or fat.
PON'TATE, ) a. Pointed ; having the surface
PON'TA-TED, j dotted.
PON TI-FORM, a. Having the form of a point
PUN-TlL'IO (punk-tll'yo), n. A nice point in con-
duct or ceremony.
PUN-TIL'IOU3 (-ttl'yus), a. Exact in ceremony
or bargain.
PUN-TlL1OUS-Lt (-tn'yus-ly), ad. With great
exactness.
PUN-TlL'IOUS-NESS, n. Exactness in the ob-
servance of forms or rules ; preciseness.
PON'TO, n. A nice point ; the point in fencing.
PONT'0-AL (punkt'yu-al), a. Observant of nice
points; particular in observing time or engage-
ments. STK. Exact ; precise ; strict; accurate.
PUNT-0-AL'I-TY, n. Scrupulous exactness in
time or manner.
PONT'0-AL-LY, ad. With exactness ; scrupu-
lously.
PON!T 0-ATE (punkt'yu-ate), t?. t. To mark with
points or pauses designating sentences, clauses,
&c., of a writing,
r'UNeT-U-ATlON, n. The act or art of pointing a
discourse or writing for marking the pauses and
division of sentences.
D ONT'ORE (ptinkt'ynr), n. A pricking, or hole
made by it.
'ONCTORE (punkt'yvir), v. t. To prick or pierce
with a point.
PON'DIT, n. A learned Brahmin.
PONG, n. A small one-horse sleigh with one pole.
?ON'(jEN T -CY, n. Power of pricking or piercing ;
sharpness.
ON'GENT, a. Affecting the organs of sense with
a prickling sensation ; affecting the mind with a
correspondent sensation, as pungent remarks.
SYN. Acrid; piercing; acute; keen; biting;
stinging.
_ 0'NI, n. The language of the Carthaginians.
PC'NIG, a. Pertaining to Carthage ; f dtl.i
PC'M-NESS, n. Littleness and weakness; petti-
ness.
?O.N'ISH, v. t. To inflict as penalty for a crime.
PUN
D-'iVE, WOLF, B?OK ; RULE,
365
vf'ciou*. -e as K ; 6 as a ;
PUR
fu.lt, Ac.; more loosely, to inflict pain, tcr... wit]
.v to amendment ; to chastise. ST.N
rect ; discipline; scourge; chasten; ca.vtigutc
PON'ISH-A-BLE, o. Liable or worthy to Lo yuui
shed.
PON ISH-MENT, n. Any pain, suffering, or los
as the roward of a crh.:
PC'NI-TlVK, ) a. Inflicting or awarding punish
i - TO-KY, ; ment.
: , n. A lowd fem.de ; decayed wood.
PON'KA, n. A machine hung from the ceiling in
Hindostan for fanning a room.
N IX(i, n. The art or practice of using puns.
PON'STER, TI. Cue who puns or is skilled in pun
ning ; a quibbler ; a low wit.
PONT, 7;. A flat-bottomed boat, used in calking
and repairing ships.
PUNT, v. i. A term formerly used in playing cer
tain games of cards, as basset, ombre, &c.
PO'NY, a. Little and weak.
POP, v. t. To bring forth puppies or whelps.
POP, n. A young dog ; a puppy.
::& or PUH:S. "> An insect in the
POPE, n. j third state of it,
existence, called also chrysalis or a?- 1
PO'PIL, n. A scholar, ward, or youth under th(
care of an instructor ; the apple of the eye ; i
little aperture in the middle of the iris. Se<
SCHOLAR.
PO'PIL-AGE, n. The state of a scholar ; ward
ship.
PU-PIL-AE'I-TY, n. The stage of life including
infancy and puerility ; pupilage; wardship; mino
rity.
PO'PIL-A-RY, a. Pertaining to a pupil or ward.
POFPET, n. A small doll ; a wooden image movec
by wires, &c ; a person under the control of an-
other, in contempt.
POP PET-SHOW (-sho), n. A show of little images
moved by wires, &c.
POFPY, n. A young dog; a whelp; a mean or
conceited fellow.
POP'PY-ISM, n. Extreme meanness ; affectation;
silliness.
POR, v. t. To murmur, as a cat.
POB, n. The low, continued sound made by cats.
PO-EA'NA, n. A sacred poetical work of the Hin-
doos, elucidating the origin of sacred places or
sects.
PU-EAN1C, a. Pertaining to the Purana, or sa-
cred poems of the Hindoos.
POE'BLIND, a. Near-sighted; seeing obscurelv.
1'OK'CHAS-A-BLE, a. That can be purchased.
Pl'R'CHASE, v. i. or r. i. To gain; to obtain for
money ; to procure.
POR'CHASE, n. A buying; thing bought; power
of a lever or a mechanical advantage.
POE'CHAS-ER, n. One who purchases ; a buyer.
POEE, a. Separate from all extraneous matter or
from defilement ; unconnected with any thing
else ; free from guilt. SYN. Unmixed ; clear ;
simple; genuine; clean; chaste; innocent; guile-
less ; holy.
POEE'LY, ad. Without admixture ; without guilt ;
merely ; completely.
K'NESS, n. Quality of being pure.
PUE'FLE (pur^), fn. *A border of embroidered
I'LEW, f work.
The act of cleansing or purify -
Tonding to purge ; cleansing.
A cathartic ; a medicine that
PUE-GATION, n.
ing.
GA-TlVE,a.
.A-T1VE, n.
evacuates.
1'UR-GA-TO UI-A L, a. Belonging to Purgatory.
1'Oli'GA-TO-RY, n. A place after death where the
Roman Catholics suppose the souls of persons
are purified by punishment.
iA-TO-EY, a. Tending to cleanse.
'.K, n. A cathartic medicine.
'., v. t. To cleanse ; to purify by removing
whatever is offensive ; to clear from guilt or
moral defilement, or from accusation.
THIS.
PCR(jE, v. i. To become pure by clarification.
PORG'ING, H. Preternatural evacuation.
PU-EI-FI-eA'TION, . Act of purifying ; a cleans-
ing.
PU-RI]
I'0'RI-FIED, o.
tion.
PO'EI-FI-ER, n.
finer.
PO'EI-FOEM, a.
PO'EI-F i
Made pure ; freed from pollu-
He or that which purifies ; a re-
Resembling pus or matter.
To make pure ; to free from pol-
lution or from improprieties ; to refine.
PO'EI-FY, v. i. To grow or become pure and clear.
PO'EI-FY-ING, n. The act or operation of : i
pure.
PC'RLM, n. The feast of lots among the Jews.
PO'EIa?M, n. Immaculate morals and conduct ;
overnicety in language.
PO'EIST, n. One very nice in the choice of wor.ls.
PO'RI-TAN, n. One who withdrew from the
Church of England for greater purity of
line in the reign of Elizabeth and the Stuarts.
PO'RI-TAN, a. Pertaining to the Puritans.
PU-BI-TAN'MJ, ) a. Pertaining to the Puri-
PU-EI-TAN'I-AL, j tans and their doctriues ;
as a term, of reproach, rigid ; exact.
PC'RI-TAN-I$M, 71. The doctrines and practice of
Puritans.
PC'KI-TAN-IZE, v. t. To convert to the notions of
Puritans.
PO'EI-TY, TI. Freedom from extraneous matter
or from the guilt and defilement of sin ; freedom
from improper views or connections, or from fo-
reign and barbarous words. SYN. Cleanness;
clearness; genuineness; chastity; innocence ; sin-
cerity, &c.
POEL, n. A sort of lace; a border; a malt liquor
with aromatic herbs ; a gentle murmur of a
stream ; two rounds in knitting.
POEL, v. i. To flow with a gentle noise or a mur- -
inuring sound, as a small stream among stones.
PCR'LIEO (piir'lu), n. Enclosure; border; a cer-
tain limited extent or district.
PORL'ING, a. Murmuring; gurgling.
PCRL'ING, n. The noise of a rippling stream.
PUE-LOIN', v. t. To take by theft or by phuri.
STN. To steal ; pilfer ; plagiarize ; thieve.
PUR-LOIN', v. t. To practise theft.
PUE-LOIN'ER, n. One who steals; a plagiary.
PUR-LOIN'ING, n. Theft; plagiarism.
POR'PLE (pur'pl), a. In poetry, red or livid :
with blood ; red tinged with blue.
POR'PLE (pur'pl), n. A colour composed of red and
blue ; a robe of honour.
PUR'PLE, v. t. To colour with purple.
PORTL.ES (pur'plz), n. pi. Livid spots, as in
fever.
PCE'PLISFI, o. Somewhat purple; like purple.
POE'POET, n. Meaning; tendency.
?OE'POET, v. t. To intend to show ; to signify.
?OR'POSE, n. Object to be accomplished; deter-
mined choice. SYN. Intention ; aim ; drift ; view ;
end ; design, which see.
'OE'POSE, v. t. or v. t. To determine on some end
to be accomplished ; to have an intention or de-
sign. SYN. To intend; aim; mean; resolve; de-
cree.
>CltTOSE-LESS, a. Having no purpose.
'OE'POSE-LY, ad. On purpose ; by design.
'OEE, v. i. To murmur as a cat. See PUR.
OR'RING, n. The murmuring noise made by &
cat.
""ORSE, n. A small bag for money ; prize at a race :
the public coffers ; lony purse, wealth.
'ORSE, v. t. To put into a purse ; to contract into
folds or wrinkles.
PORSE'-NT, n. A net that draws like a p-
'ORSE'-PRIDE, n. Pride of money ; insolence.
} ORSE'-PROUD, a. Elated with riches.
:, n. An officer on board of a ship who has
charge ot the provisions, and keeps the accounts.
PUR
366
PYR
PURS'1-NESS, n. The state of being swelled or
bloated; inflation; hence, shortness of breath.
POES'LAIN (-lin), \n. A succulent plant, used as
PttES'LANE, ) a pot-herb, for salad, <kc.
PUE-SU'ANCE (28) n. A following ; prosecuti
prosecution;
consequence, as in pursuance of orders.
PUE-SU'ANT, a. Done in consequence of any
thing.
PUE-SUE' (pur-su), v. t. or v. i. To go or proceed
after with a view to overtake, or with haste ; to
follow as an example or with enmity ; to strive to
reach or obtain. -STN. To chase; imitate; pro-
secute ; persevere ; persist ; follow, which see.
PUE-SU'EE, n. One that follows or chases.
PUE-SUIT' (pur-sute'), n. Act of following to over-
take with haste or hostility ; endeavour to obtain
or attain to; course of business. SYN. Chase;
search; proceeding; occupation; prosecution.
PUR'SUI-VANT (pur'swe-vant), n. A state messen-
cer ; an attendant on the heralds.
PUESTT, a. Properly, being inflated or swelled;
hence, fat, short, and thick, and so short-breathed.
PURTE-NANCE, n. Appurtenance; the pluck of
an animal.
^u'SuiLiN.CTJ Generation of pus; matter.
PU'RU-LENT, a. Consisting of matter or pus;
partaking of the nature of pus.
PUR-VEY' (pur-va'), v . t. or v. i. To provide ; to
procure conveniences or provisions.
PUR-VEY'ANCE (pur-va'ance), n. Procurement of
provisions; victuals provided.
PUR-VEY'OR (pur-va'or), n. One that provides
victuals or makes provision for the table ; an
officer who formerly did so for the king's table.
PUR'VIEW (pur'vu), n. The body of a statute;
limit of a statute ; scope ; sphere.
PUS, n. The whitish matter of an ulcer, wounds,
&c.
PU'8EY-I$M, n. Principles held by certain Eng-
lish divines leaning to the Roman Catholic
Church, so called from Dr. Pusey.
PO'SEY-ITE, n. One who holds the principles of
Puseyism.
PUSH, v. t. The leading idea is to press against
with force ; hence, to drive ; to urge.
PUSH, v. i. To make a thrust or effort, as he
pushed hard. STN. To urge; press; impel; im-
portune.
PUSH, n. An urging or pressing ; a thrust with a
sharp instrument or the end of a thing; an exi-
gency.
PySH'ING, a. Pressing forward in business ; driv-
ing; enterprising; vigorous.
PUSH'PIN, n. A childish play by pushing pins.
PU-SIL-LA-NlM'I-TY, n. Want of courage or for-
titude ; cowardice ; weakness of mind ; fear ;
timidity.
PU-SIL-LAN'I-MOUS, a. Destitute of bravery or
firmness ; proceeding from weakness or want of
courage. STN. Cowardly ; dastardly ; mean-
spirited.
PUSS, ~)n. The fondling name of a cat; the
PpS'SY, J sportsman's name for a hare.
POS'SI-NESS, n. See PURSINESS.
PUS'SY. See PURST.
PUSTU-LATE, v. i. To form into pustules.
PUSTULE (pust'yule or pus'sl), n. A small pimple
containing pus.
PUST0-LOUS, a. Having pustules or pimples.
PUT, v. t. [pret. and pp. PUT ] Literally, to send
forth ; hence, to lay or place, or to put on the
shelf, to put a question, <fec. SYN. To place.
To put is generic, viz., to dispose of in any situa-
tion ; to place is to put in a specific situation ; a
plant may be put into a flower-pot and then placed
in the green-house.
PUT, v. i. To go or move ; to steer ; to shoot, with
forth, <fcc.
PUT, n. A clown; a prostitute ; a game of cards.
PU'TA-TlVE, a. Supposed ; reputed.
POTTO, a. Mean ; base ; worthless.
A, E. &<}., long. I, B, &c., s?iort.-CAUE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WH.yr; THERE, TRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
PUTLOG, n. A short piece of timber on which the
tnks of a scaffold are laid.
-OFF, n. An excuse; a shift for evasion or
ay.
PU-TRD'I-NOUS, a. Partaking of or proceeding
from putrefaction ; having an offensive smell ;
rotten.
PU-TRE-F ACTION, n. Process of rotting.
PU-TRE-FAT1VE, a. Causing or attending pu-
trefaction.
PU'TRE-FY, v. i. or v. t. To dissolve or rot, as or-
ganized matter ; to make foul or cause to rot.
PU-TRS'CENCE, n. State of dissolving or cor-
rupting.
PU-TRES'CENT, a. Dissolving, as organized sub-
stances ; pertaining to the process of putrefaction.
PU-TRES'CI-BLE, a. Liable to become putrid.
PUTRID, a. In a state or noting a state of decom-
position proceeding from putrefaction. SYN.
Rotten ; corrupt ; offensive.
PU-TRlD'I-TY, )n. A state of decomposition
PUTRID-NESS, ) proceeding from putrefaction ;
rottenness.
PUTTING, n. An ancient Scottish sport, in which
a heavy stone is thrown from the hand, raised
over the shoulder.
PUT'TY, n. A paste of whiting and linseed oil,
used as a cement by glaziers ; unmixed lime.
PUTTY, v. t. To fill up or cement with putty.
PUZ'ZLE, 7i. A cause of embarrassment ; a game
to try ingenuity.
PUZ'ZLE (pttz'zl), v. t. To involve in perplexity or
intricacy. See EMBARRASS.
PUZ'ZLE, r. i. To be involved in perplexity.
PUZ'ZLEE, n. One who perplexes.
PUZ-ZO-LA'NA, n. A volcanic stone affording an
excellent hydraulic cement.
PYE. See Pi.
PYG'MY, ) a. Pertaining to a pigmy; dwarf-
PYG-ME'AN,]" ish.
PYG'MY, 7i. A dwarf ; a fabulous being.
PY-LOR'K), a. Eelating to the pylorus.
PY-LO'RUS, n. The lower orifice of the stomach.
PYR'A-MID, n. A solid body standing on a trian-
gular, square, or polygonal base, terminating in a
point at the top.
PV'I? A^I'TVT^' I a - Lilw or Caving the form
r YR-A-JV1IJD lx/, > ,-.*, ..,! i
PYR-A-MlD'ielAL,) of a pyramid.
PYRE, n. A funeral pile ; a pile to he burnt.
PYR'I-FORM, a. Having the form of a pear.
PY-RI'TS (pe-rl'te/), n. Fire-stone; sulphurets
of iron, copper, cobalt, &c.
PY-ElT'I, ) a. Pertaining to pyrites; con-
PY-ElT'I!-AL, > sisting of or resembling py-
PYR'I-TOUS, ) rites.
PYE-O-LIG'NE-OUS,) a. Noting an acid pro-
PYE-O-LlG'NI, ]" duced by the distillation
of wood.
PY-EOL'O-GIST, n. One who believes in the doc-
trine of heat or investigates its laws.
P Y-ROL'O-(jY, n. The natural history of heat.
PYE'0-MAN-CY, n. Divination by fire.
P f -ROM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure de-
grees of heat.
PY-ROPH'O-RUS (-r5f'o-rus), n. A substance
which takes fire on exposure to the air.
PYE'O-SOPE, 7i. An instrument for measuring
heat radiating from a fire.
PYE-0-TH'NI, } /{, n tPk'nik } ^ a ' Per "
YE-O-TE^H'NICIAL,]^ 1 ^ -^ 111 ^ 1 tain-
ing to fire-works and the art of making them .
PYE-O-TE-GH'NI-eS, 7 n. The art of making fire-
PYE'O-TEH-NY, ji works, as rockets, &c.
PYE-O-Tfi-GH'NIST, n. One skilled in pyrotechny.
PYR'RHie (plr'rik), n. A poetic foot consisting of
two short syllables; a. noting an ancient dance in
Greece.
PYE'EHO-NI$M (pYr'ro-nizm), n. The doctrines of
Pyrrho, the founder of scepticism ; doubt as to all
till ill T 8.
PYR'RHO-NIST, n. One who doubts every thing.
PYT
367
QUA
DOVE, WOLF,
; R&LE, BULL; vfcious. e as K ; G as j ; s as z ; OH as SH ; THIS.
PYTII-A-GO'RE-AN or PY-THAG-O-RE'AN, a.
Pertaining to Pythagoras and his philosophy.
PY-THAG'O-RI$M, n. The doctrines of Pytha-
goras.
PtTH'I-AN, a. Pertaining to the priestess of
Apollo ; noting the games so called ; one of the
four great national festivals of Greece.
PY'THON, n. A large serpent, allied to the boa.
PYTH'0-NESS, 71. A priestess who gave oracular
answers at Delphi in Greece ; a witch.
PY-THON'I, a. Pretending to foretell future
events.
PYX, ") n. The box in which the Roman Catholic?
PYX'IS, j keep the host ; a box used in English
coinage for testing coin.
PYX-ID'-I-UM, n. A fruit which divides circularly
into an upper and lower half, as the pimpernel.
Q.
Qthe seventeenth letter of the Alphabet, and
> equivalent in power to fc, is always followed
by u, the combination being generally equivalent
to fcu, as in queen. It never ends an English word,
and is considered as more guttural than /;.
QUACK, v. i. To cry like a duck or goose ; to boast.
QUACK, 71. A boaster ; one who pretends to skill
in medicine which he does not possess. SYN. An
empiric; mountebank; charlatan.
QUACK, a. Pertaining to quackery, as quack-medi-
cine.
QUACK'ER-Y, n. Pretensions to skill not possess-
ed, especially in medicine ; empiricism.
QUACK'ISH, a. ^Like a quack; boastful.
QUADR, jyr. Four.
QUAD-RA-GES'I-MA, n. Lent, because it consists
of forty days.
QUAD-KA-GES'I-MAL, a. Belonging to Lent.
QUAD-RA-GS'I-MAL$, n. pi. Offerings made to
the mother church on Mid-Lent Sunday.
QUAJyRANO-GLE (kwod'rang-gl), n. A figure of
four equal angles ; the inner square or court of a
buildino-. [angles.
QUAD-RANG'GU-LAR, a. Having four right
QUAD'RANT (kwod rant), n. A fourth part; an in-
strument to take the altitude of the sun; also
one for elevating and pointing cannon; ninety
degrees.
QUAD-KANTAL, a. Pertaining to a quadrant.
QUADRAT (kwod'rat), n. Piece of metal to fill a
void space between words in printing.
QUAD'RATE (kwdl'rat), n. Having four equal
and parallel sides ; divisible into four equal parts ;
square ; adapted ; fitted.
QUAD'RATE (kwod'rate), v. i. To square; to be
accommodated to. STN. To correspond fit ;
suit ; agree.
QUAD'RATE, n. A square; a surface with four
equal and parallel sides.
QUAD-RATI (kwod-), a. Square; pertaining to,
denoting, or including a square.
QUAD-RA'TRLX, n. A curve for finding the quad-
rature of curvilinear spaces.
QUAD'RA-TCRE, n. The act of squaring; the re-
ducing of a figure to a square.
QU AD-REN 'NI-AL, ") a. Happening once in four
QUAD-RI-EVNI-AL, j years.
QUAD-RI'GA, n. A car driven by four horses
abreast.
QUAD-RI-LAT'ER-AL, a. Having four sides.
QUAD-RI-LlT'ER-AL, a. Consisting of four letters.
QUA-DRlLLE' (kwa-drtl' or ka-drll'). n. A game at
cards ; a kind of dance.
QUAD-RlL'LION (kwod-ril'yun), n. A million
carried to the fourth power ; with the English, a
unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed ; among
the French,, a unit with fifteen ciphers annexed.
QUAD-RI-NOTVII-AL, a. Consisting of four terms.
QUAD-RlP'AR-TlTK, a. Consisting of four parts.
QUALVRI-REME (kwod-), n. A galley with four
benches of oars.
QUAD-RI-STL'LA-BLE (kwod-), n. A word of
four syllables.
QUAD-ROON', } n. A quarter-blooded ; i
QUA'TER-ON, j spring of a mulatto woman by a
white man.
QUAiyRU-MAN, . / Literally, four handed,
QUAD-RU'MA-XA, n. pi. $ applied toinonk
lemurs.
QUAD-RU'MA-NOUS (kwod-), a Having four
hands.
QUAD'RU-PED (kwod'-), a. Having four legs and
H. au animal having four legs, as an ox,
horse, dog, &c.
QUAD'RU-PLE (kwud'ru-pl), a. Fourfold; four
times the sum.
QUALVRU-PLE (kwod'ru-pl), n. Four times the
sum or number.
QUAD'RU-PLE (kwod'ru-pl), v. t. To make four
times as many ; to multiply bv four.
QUA D-R(J'1 J LI-ATE, a. Fourfold ; four times re-
peated.
QUAD-i;C'PLI-ATE, v. t. To make fourfold; to
double twice.
QUjE'RE, [L.] Query ; inquire.
QUAFF, v. t. or v. i. To drink largely; to swallow
in large draughts.
QUAG, ', n. A place that shakes under the
QUAG'MIREJ feet.
QUAG'GY, a. Soft and yielding to the feet.
QUA'HAUG (kwau'Lo'-r i , 71. The popular name of a
large kind of clam in New England.
QUAIL (kwale), n. A bird of the grouse kind, al-
lied to the partri '
QUAIL (kwale), v. i. To sink into dejection; to
languish ; to fail in spirits ; to curdle, as ruilk.
QUAIL (kwale), -u. t. To cru?h ; to depress ; to
subdue.
QUAIL'ING, n. The act of failing in spirit or re-
so_lutiou.
QUAINT, a. Formerly, ingeniously pretty or ele-
gant [ShaKspeare] fobs.); now, odd; whimsical;
gravely fanciful. Srx. Strange; odd; whimsical.
Quaint, in our earliest writers, meant strange or
hidden, and hence ingenious. In this sense it often
occurs in Shakspeare, as a quaint device, and is
used as a term of praise. Grudually, however,
there sprang up a perverted ingenuity in such
writers as Quarles, to which we now give the
name i. It is something lau
but not foolish. The quaint writers have usually
strong thought, but a whimsical way of exp:
it. Their wit is sly, but odd; their images are often
far-fetched, or unnatural, as thereisastrai;
trast betwc ty of their though
the fanciful or whimsical garb in which they are
presented.
QUAINT'LY, ad. In a quaint manner; oddly.
QUAINT'NESS, n. State of being quaint ; oddity
of style or manner ; grave fancit'ulness.
QUAKE (kwfike), v. i. To be agitated with fear or
cold ; to tremble. STN. To shake ; quiver ; si ,
QUAKE (kwake), n. A trembling; tremul.
taticr "ing.
QUAK'ER, (kwa'ker), n. One who quakes, but
usually one of the denomination of Friends.
QUAK'ER-ISM, n . The system of the Quakers.
QUAK'ING, n. A tremulous agitation.
QUAL'I-FI-A-BLE (kwol'-), a. That may be abated
or modified.
QUAL-I-FI-A'TION (kwol-e-fi-ka'shun), n,
dowment or accomplishment that fits for an oi-
fice; legal power; restriction. STK. Acquire-
ment; abatement; modification.
QUAL'I-FIED (kwCl'e-fld). a Having the quali-
ties requisite to a thing; limited or modified, as a
qual(/?eo* consent. ST.V. Competent. A man is
competent to a task or duty when he L;
Eowers which are requisite for its performance ;
e is qualified for it when those powers have been
trained to an acquaintance with the business to
be done, and expertness in the mode of perform-
ing it. Many are competent to employments
QUA 368 QUE
I. fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciBE, FAB, LAST, FALL, \VHYT ; TJI^KE, TI:KJI; MARINE, stRD; MOVE,
which they are utterly unqualified to enter upon at
once.
Q i A I/I-FI-ER, n. He that qualifies.
QUAL'I-FY (kwSl'-), v. t. To furnish with know-
ledge, skill, or legal capacity ; to debate or di-
j.oug7j DBAUj vJ- it;^ai ^.i^a^iu.y , uvj
minish ; to make suitable ; to limit.
Q UAL'I-TA-TIVE, a. Relating to quality.
QUAL'I-TY (kwol'e-ty), n. That which belongs to
a body or substance; nature, relatively consid-
ered, virtue, or power of producing effects ; dis-
position ; temper ; acquirement ; character ; com-
parative rank ; superiority of birth or station ;
persons of high rank collectively. SYN. Attri-
bute ; property ; accomplishment ; fashion.
QUALM (kwam), n. A fit or sensation of nausea ;
scruple or uneasiness of conscience.
QUALM'ISH, a. Affected with nausea or sickly
ianorour; inclinedtovoir.it.
QUAN'DA-RY (kwon'da-ry), n. A state of difficulty ;
perplexity ; uncertainty.
QITANTI-TY (kwon'te-ty), n. That property of
any thing which may be increased or diminished ;
an indefinite exte.it of space ; a portion or part ;
a large portion, as medicine taken in quantities;
in grammar, the measure of a syllable ; in music,
the relative duration of a note or syllable. SYN.
Weight ; bulk ; measure : amount.
QUANTUM (kwtfn'tum), n. A quantity ; amount.
QUAR'AN-TiNE (kwor'an-teen), n. Prohibition of
intercourse on the ground of supposed or real in-
fectious disease.
QUAR-AN-T1NE' (kwor-an-teen'), v. t. To restrain
intercourse on account of suspected danger of in-
fectious disease.
QTAR'REL (kwSr'rel), n. A breach of friendship ;
a noisy dispute ; the cause of difference ; an ar-
row with a squarehead ; a diamond pane of glass.
SYN. Brawl ; altercation ; feui ; contest.
QUAR'REL, v. i. To dispute violently ; to contend
angrily.
QUAR'REL, v. t. To quarrel with ; to compel by
a quarrel.
^UAR'REL-LEU, n. A person who quarrels
QUARTER-LY, n. A periodical work published
every three months.
QUARTER- jfAS-TER, n. An officer who regulates
the quarters of an army, forage, fuel, Ac.
QUARTERN, n. The fourth part of a pint ; a gill.
QUARTERN-LOAF, n. A loaf made out of a quar-
ter of a stone of flour.
QUARTERS, n. pi. The place of lodging or tem-
porary residence of officers or soldiers ; the sta-
tions or places in a ship of war where the officers
and crew are posted in time of action; the sides
of the coffin in a horse's foot, between the toe and
the heel.
QUARTER-SES'SION?, n. In English law, a court
held every three months in each county.
QRARTER-STAFF, n. A long staff formerly car-
ried in England for defence.
QUAR-TETTE', ) n. In music, a composition in
QUAR-TET', $ four equal parts, vocal or in-
strumental ; in poeiry, a stanza of four lines.
QUART1LE (kwor'til), n. An aspect of planets
distant one fourth of a circle, or 90 decrees.
QUARTO, n.; pi. QUAH'TOS. A printed book next
in size to a folio, so called because originally each
sheet was twice doubled to make it.
QUAR'TO, o. Denoting the size of a book ; next to
a folio.
QUARTZ (kwSrtz), n. A silicious mineral of va-
rious colours ; rock-crystal.
QUARTZ-IF'ER-OUS, a. Consisting of quartz.
QUARTZ'OSE, ") o. Pertaining to, containing, or
QUARTZ'Y, j resembling quartz.
QUASH (kwosh), v. t. Properly, to beat down or in
pieces ; hence, to crush ; to subdue ; to annul.
QUA'SI [L.] As if; just as if; almost.
QUAS'SI-A (kwosh'e-a), n. A tree whose wood and
bark are of a bitter taste, and possess valuable
medicinal properties.
QUA'TER-eOOS'INS (ka'ter-kuz'nz), n. pi. Those
within the first four degrees of kindred.
QUA-TER'NA-RY, a. Consisting of four.
QUA-TER'NA-RY, n. The number four; post-
tertiary.
UAR'REL-LING.n. A disputing with angry words; \ QUA-TER'NI-ON, n. The number four ; a file of
a breach of friendship ; a finding fault
QUAR'REL-SOMjE (kwor'rel-sum), a. Inclined to
dispute ; easily irritated. SIN. Contentious.
QUAR'RY (kwor'ry), n. A mine or pit whence
stones are dug ; game pursued or killed by birds
of prey.
QUAR'RY (kw.Vry), v. t. To ta,ke from a quarry.
QUAR'RY-ING, n. The act or business of getting
out stone from a quarry.
QUAR'RY-MAN, n. A man who quarries stones.
QUART, n. The fourth of a gallon ; two pints.
QUARTAN, o. Designating a fourth; occurring
every fourth day ; n. an ague occurring every
fourth day,
QUARTER, n. A fourth part; eight bushels of
grain ; in weight, 28 pounds, or the fourth part of
a hundred pounds avoirdupois ; a point of the
compass ; a particular region of a town, city, or
country ; the hind part of a ship's side ; treatment
shown to an enemy ; indulgence,
QUARTER (kwor'ter), v. t. To divide into four
equal parts ; to station for soldiers' lodgings ; to
fix on a temporal dwelling.
QUARTER, v. i. To lodge; to have a temporary
residence.
A q\uirterly allowance.
The day that completes three
resilience.
QUARTER-AGE, n.
QUARTER-DAY, n.
months, or when quarterly payments are made of
That part of the upper deck
rent or interest.
QUARTER-DECK, n.
between the mainmast and the inizen mast.
QUARTER-ING, n. A station; assignment
quarters for soldiers; in heraldry, the division
of a shield that has many coats ; in architecture, a
series of small upright posts.
QUARTER-LY (kwSr'ter-ly), a. Consisting of a
fourth part ; happening every three months ; ad.
once in the quarter of a year.
four soldiers.
QUAT'RAIN, n. A stanza of four lines, rhyming
alternately.
QUA'VER, v. i. To shake the voice ; to vibrate.
QUAWER, n. A note in music; half a crotchet ; ft
shake or rapid vibration of the voice.
QUA'VERED, a. Distributed into quavers.
QUA'VER-ING, n. The act of shaking the voice or
making rapid vibrations of sound on an instru-
ment of music, &c.
QUAY (ke), n. A mole or wharf; written also key.
QUAY, v. t. To furnish with quays.
QUAY' AGE (ke'aje), n. Money paid for the privi-
lege of a wharf or quay.
QUEACH'Y, a. Shaking ; yielding to the feet.
QUEAN (kween), n. A worthless or lewd woman.
QUEA'SI-NESS, n. Sickness of stomach ; nausea.
QUEA'SY (kwc'zy), n. Sick at the stomach ;
squeamish.
QUEEN, a. A female sovereign; a king's consort.
QUEEN, v. i. To play the queen. Queen-doicager,
the widow of a king.
QUEEN'-BEK, n. The sovereign of a swarm of
bees, or the female of the hive.
QUEEN'-GON'SORT, n. The wife of a king.
QUEEN'LlKE, a. Like or becoming a queen.
QUEEN'LY, ad. Like a queen.
QUEEN'S-MET'AL, n. An alloy of tin, &c., used
for spoons, &c.
QUEEN'-POST, n. An upright post in a roof for
suspending the beam when the principal rafters
do not meet in the ridge.
QUEEN'S-WARE, n. Glazed earthenware of a
cream colour.
QUEER, a. Being odd ; strange ; droll.
QUEER'LY, ad. In an odd or strange manner.
QUEER'NESS, n. The quality of oddness; singu-
larity.
QUE
3G9
QUI
l>6vz, WQLF, BQOK ; BOLE, ByLL; vl"cious. -e as K; 6 as j ; B as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
qi.
QUJ
QUELL, v. t. To reduce to peace or bring clown
SYN. To subdue; crush; overpower; puf
down ; quiet.
QUKLL'ER, n. One who crushes or subdues.
QUELQUE'CKOSE (kfilk'shuze), n. [Fr.] A trifle.
QUENCH, v. t. To make to cease from burning
Ve; to repress, as passion; to allay, as thirst,
to destroy, as li/e. Si'N. To extinguish; stifle
subdue.
QUENCH'A-BLE, o. That may be quenched.
QL'ENClL'Ki:. u. He or that which extinguishes.
QUENCH'LESS, a. That c;m not be extinguished
QUfiB'CIT-RON, n. Dyers' oak and the bark.
QUEB-I-MO'NI-OUS, a. Apt to complain; dis
posed to complain or murmur. SYN. Murmur
ing; dissatisfied.
QUER-I-MO'NI-OUS-LY, ad. Complainingly.
QUER-I-MO'NI-OUS-NESS, n. Aptness to com
plain ; a disposition to murmur.
QUE'RIST, n. One who inquires.
QUfiRL, v. t. To turn or wind round ; to twirl ; to
coil.
QUERN, n. A hand-mill for grinding grain.
ve CuERPO.
-LOUS, a. Habitually complaining.
QUE'BT (kwe ry), A question to be answered ;
interrogatory ; inquiry where there is doubt.
QUE'RY, v. t. To put or ask questions; to in-
quire ; v. i. to ask a question or questions.
ST, n. Act of seeking; search ; request.
JT, w. t. To search or seek for.
QUES'TION (kwfist'yun), n. Act of asking; that
which is asked ; subject of debate ; examination
by torture or otherwise. SYN. Interrogatory ; in-
luiry ; discussion ; trial ; dispute ; doubt.
JES'TION, v. t. or v. i. To ask with earnestness ;
'to express doubt of. SYN. To inquire; interro-
gate. We inquire for the sake of information, as
to inquire one's way; we qvcsiion with closeness
in order to gain the whole truth, as to question a
messenger as to all the particulars; we
gate with authority, as to interrogate a witness or
a culprit.
i IOX-A-BLE. a. That maybe questioned;
liable to be doubted or disputed. SYN. I'i-put-
able; controvert! bie; debatable; doubtful; sus-
picious.
i'lON-ER, n. One who interrogates.
Q URS'TION-IST, n. One that asks questions.
J ION-LESS, a. That can not be questioned;
unquestionable ; being beyond a doubt ; ad.
Inly.
QUES'TOR, 71. A Roman treasurer; receiver of
taxes, tribute, &c.
QUESTOR-SHIP, n. The office of questor.
( ku) , [Fr J A cue, which see.
QUIVIVE, [Fr.J The challenge of a sentinel; to
be on the alert.
QUlB, n. A sarcasm ; a bitter taunt.
QUIB'BLE, n. A start or turn from the point in
question ; an evasion of the truth ; a pretence or
cavil ; a pun.
QUIB'BLE, v.i. To evade the point by artifice;
to trille SYN. To evade; cavil; equivocate.
QUlB'BLEU, n. One who quibbles ; a punster.
QUICK, a. Done with celerity or in a short time ;
moving with activity or readiness ; living ; preg-
nant. STN, Swift ; speedy ; alive.
1C, ad. Soon ; hastily ; with speed.
QUICK, 7u Any sensible part; living flesh or
QUICKEN (53) (kwik'kn), v. t. To increase the
speed of ; to give a keener perception of ; to make
alive ; to refresh or animate. SYN. To incite ; to
accelerate; to invigorate.
QUICK'EN, v. i. To become alive ; to move with
rapidity.
QUlCK'-ENED, a. Caused to make haste; re-
vived; made alive.
QUlCK'EN-ER (kwlk'kn-er), n. He or that which
< 3 ns.
"XG, a. Causing haste; giving life;
inciting; n. the act of causing haste, or giving
life, or inciting.
QUiCK'-LlME, 71. The protoxide of calcium ; any
carbonate of lime deprived of its carbonic acid.
QUlCK'LY, ad. In a short time ; hastily : speedily,
QUICK'-MATCH, n. A match used by artillery
men.
QUlCK'NESS, n. The state of acting rapidly ,
keen sensibility.
QUlCK'-SAND, 7i. Sand sinking or shaking under
the feet ; loose sand abounding with water.
QUiCK'-SCNT-ED, a. Having acuteness of
smell.
QUICK'SET, v. t. To plant with living trees ; a.
made of living plants or trees ; n. a living tree or
plant set to srrow for a hedge.
QUICK'-SIGHT-ED, a. Having sharp sight.
QUlCKSlL-VER, u. Mercury; a metal remark-
able for its fluidity, which remains unimpaired
except by extreme degrees of heat or cold.
QUICK'-WIT-TED, a. Having ready wit.
QUID, n. A vulgar pronunciation of cud.
QUlD'DI-TY, 11. A trifling nicety ; a subtlety; a
barbarous term in school philosophy for essence.
QUID'DLE, v. i. To waste time in trilling.
QUlD'DLER, n. One who trifles.
QUlD'NUN, n. One curious to know every thing.
QUID PRO QUO [i.] In law, an equivalent.
QUI-ESCE' (kwl-oss), v. i. To be silent or have no
sound, as a letter.
QUi-ES'CENCE, n. The state or condition of rest ;
repose; silence.
QUI-ES'CENT (kwi-es'cent), a. Resting ; being in
a state of repose ; not ruffled with passion ;
silent ; not sounded.
QUI'ET, a. Free from motion or disturbance.
SYN. Still ; calm ; unmolested.
QUI'ET, n. The state of a thing not in motion ,
freedom from disturbance. SYN. Tranquillity ;
repose.
QUI'ET, v. t. To reduce to a state of rest ; to
tranquillize; to subdue; to allay.
QUI'ET-ISM, n. A state of inward tranquillity or
peace; the system of those who maintain the pe-
culiar excellence of that style of religion which
consists in the internal tranquillity of a mind em-
ployed in contemplating God^and' submitting to
his will.
QUI'ET-IST, n. One of a sect which maintains the
irinciples of quietism.
I-ET-I ST'ie, a. Relating to a quietist.
QUI'ET-LY, ad. In a calm manner ; peaceably.
QUI'ET-NESS, n. State of rest; freedom from
agitation, emotion, or disturbance of any kind.
SYN. Calmness ; tranquillity ; repose.
QUI'E-TODE, n. Freedom from disturbance;
rest ; quiet j tranquillity.
QUI-E'TUS,n. [i.] Final discharge ; acquittance ;
repose; death.
QUlLL, 7i. A large strong feather ; spine of a por-
cupine ; piece of a reed used by weavers.
QUILL, v. t. To weave in ridges like quills to
twill.
QUILT, n. The cover of a bed or garment, mado
of wool, cotton, or other substance between two
cloths sewn together.
QUILT, v. t. To stitch one cloth upon another
like a quilt.
QUILT'ED, a. Stitched together as a quilt.
QUILT'ING, 71. The act of making a quilt; a
gathering of females to quilt.
QUINCE, n. A sour astringent fruit used for pre-
serves, &c. ; also the tree bearing it.
QUIN'UNX, n, A square of five trees or * *
other things, with one in the middle; such *
an arrangement of trees in rows, that any * *
one in the second row is opposite to the middle
of the space between any two in the preceding
QUIN'I-NA, ) n. An alkaloid obtained from cin-
QUI'NINE, $ chona, an important article in
materia medica. 2i
QUI
370
RAG
I, , &c., long. I, S, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
QUIN-QUA-GEST-MA, n. The fiftieth day before
Easter ; Shrove Sunday.
QUIX-QUANG'GU-LAE, o. Having five angles.
QUIN-QUEN'NI-AL, a. Occurring once in five
years, or lasting five years.
QUIN-QUEP'AE-TITE, a. Divided into five parts
<i\J 1 N'SY (kwm'zy), n. Inflammation of the tonsils
or throat.
QUlN T, n. A set or sequence of five.
t^UlNTAIN, n. An upright post, on which was
fastened an image or other object to be tilted at.
QUINTAL, 71. A hundred pounds ; a kentle.
QUIN-TES'SENCE, n. In alchemy, the fifth or lasi
and highest essence of power in a natural body
the virtue or best part.
QUIN-TES-SEN'TIAL (-sgn'shal), a. Consisting o:
quintessence.
OTJIN TPT )
QUIN-TETT E' f n ' A COTn P sition in nve parts.
QUlNTLLE (kwmt'il), 71. An aspect of planets dis
tant the fifth of a circle, or 72 degrees.
QUlN'TIL-LION, n. According to English notation,
a million involved to the fifth power, a unit with
thirty ciphers annexed, but only Eighteen in
French.
QUlN'TIN. See QUINTAIN.
QUlNTU-PLE, a. Five-fold.
QUlN'TU-PLE, v. t. To make five-fold.
QUlP, 7i. A smart sarcastic turn; a retort or
taunt.
QUIP, v. t. or v. i. To taunt ; to scoff.
&E (kwlre), r. i. To sing in concert or chorus.
QUlEE, 71. Twenty -four sheets of paper; a choir.
QUIE'IS-TER. See CHORISTER.
QUlRK, 71. An artful turn ; retort ; quibble.
QUIEK'ISH, a. Consisting of quirks or quibbles.
QUIT, v. t. [pret. and pp. QUIT or QUITTED.] To
depart from ; to give up ; to carry through or to
the end, as to " quit yourselves like men." SYN.
To leave. To say that a man has left a place or
employment decides nothing as to his returning
or resuming it ; but to say that he has quit the
town or the business, is to say that this was con-
sidered and understood to be & final act.
QUIT, a. Made free; noting clearness or free-
dom.
QUITCLAIM, n. A release of claim by deed.
QUIT-CLAIM, v. t. To release a claim by deed,
without covenants of warranty.
QUITE, ad. With completeness ; entirely.
QUIT-RENT, n. A rent, by the payment of which
the tenant is quitted or freed from all other ser-
vice.
QUITS, ad. An exclamation to signify that the
: parties are now even, as to be at quits with one.
QUITTANCE, n. Discharge from a debt ; recom-
pense; re-payment.
QUITTER, 7i. Scoria of tin ; an ulcer between the
hair and hoof of a horse's hoof.
QUIVER, n. A case for arrows.
QUlV'EE, v. i. To shake ; to play or be agitated
by a tremulous motion. SYN. To quake ; shudder;
shiver ; vibrate or tremble.
QUIVEEED, a. Furnished with a quiver ; sheath-
ed as in a quiver.
QUlV'ER-ING-LY, ad. A trembling manner.
QUIX-OT1C (kwiks-ot'ik), a. Like Don Quixote;
romantic to extravagance.
QUlX'OT-I$M (kwlks'ot-izm), > n. Romantic and
QUIX'OT-EY, J absurd notions;
visionary scheme.
QUIZ (kwiz), v. t. To puzzle ; to make a fool of.
QUIZ (kwlz), n. A riddle; puzzle; obscure ques-
tion ; an odd fellow ; a wag.
QUlZ'ZI--CAL, a. A colloquial expression for funny,
humorous, or comical.
QUIZ'ZING, n. The act of hoaxing or making a
fool of a person ; the act of mocking a person by
examining him through a quizzing-glass.
QUIZ'ZING-GLASS, n. A small eye-glass.
'ALL, WHAT; TH&BE, T6U3I ; MARINE, BlBD ; MOVE,
QUOD 1 LI-BET (kwtfdle-bet), [L.l A nice point; a
subtilty ; Literally, what you please.
QUOIF, \ n. A cap or hood ; a head-dress.
QUOIF'FUEE.j See COIF.
QUOIN (kwoin or koin). n. A corner ; a wedge to
raise cannon, &c. ; a small wedge used by printers
to lock the pages of the form iii the chase.
QUOIT (kwoit), n. An iron ring or a flat stone to
be pitched or thrown at a mark.
QUOIT (kwoit), v. i. To play at quoits ; to pitch.
(JUON'DAM, [L.] Having been formerly ; late, as a
quondam friend.
QUO'EUM, n. A special commission of justices; a
competent number for doing business.
QUO'TA, n. A proportional part or share ; rate or
portion assigned.
QUOTA-BLE, a. That may be quoted.
QUO-TATION, n. A passage cited ; in mercan-
tile language, the price of commodities specified
to a correspondent.
QUOTE, v. t. To name, repeat, or adduce, usually
by way of authority, as to quote a man's own
words ; to name the price of an article. SYN. To
cite. To cite was originally to call into court as
a witness, &c., and hence the word denotes some-
thing very specific and exact in adducing evi-
dence. Quote is used in a more loose and gene-
ral way, often expressing an appeal to some one
as an authority, without adducing his exact
words.
QUOTH (kwuth or kwuth), v. i. A defective verb
signifying to say or speak, used only in the phrases
quoth, I, quoth he, or she.
QUO-TID'I-AN, a. Occurring daily ; n. a fever or
any thing recurring daily.
QUOTIENT (kwo'shentj, n. In arithmetic, the
number resulting from the division of one number
by another, showing 7io>c oft the greater contains
the less.
QUO WAR-RAN'TO. In Law Latin, a writ to in-
quire by what right certain powers are exercised.
B.
f> the eighteenth letter of the alphabet, is a liquid
- Lt > consonant, having a uniform jarring sound,
as in rod, and is never silent. At the beginning of
words it is strongly vibratory, being sounded by
the point of the tongue ; but at the end it has a
softer sound, produced by the lower part of the
same organ.
RAB'BET, v. t. To pare down the edge of a board
for lapping ; to lap and join the edges of boards
by a rabbet-joint.
EAB'BET, 71. A cut on the side of a board to fit it
to another by lapping; a lapping joint.
RAB'BI (rab'be or rab'bl),) n. The title of a Jewish
EAB'BIN, / doctor, not conferred
by authority, but allowed by courtesy to learned
men.
RAB-BlN'IC, n. The language of the Eabbins.
EAB-BlN'H), > a. Pertaining to Eabbins or
EAB-BIN'I-AL, ) their tenets.
EAB'BIN-IM, n. A Eabbinic expression.
"iAB'BIN-IST, n. One who adhered to the Talmud
and Eabbinical traditions.
AB'BIT, 7i. A small long-eared quadruped, that
feeds on herbs and burrows in the earth.
lAB'BLE, n. A crowd of low people ; a mob ; the
lower class of people, without reference to an as-
sembly.
IAB-DOL'O-GY. See EHABDOLOGY.
EAB'ID, a. Being furious, mad or raging, as a rabid
AB'LD-NESS, n. A state of furiousness; mad-
ness.
lA'CA (ra'kaj, n. A Syriac word, used as a term of
contempt, signifying empty, beggarly.
EA!-OON', n. Au~ American quadruped some-
what resembling a badger, valued for its fur.
IACE, n. The continued stock of descendants j
RAC
371
liAG
D&VE, WOLF, BOOK; B$LE, BULL; 7l"CICUS.
family of descendants; a particular sort or variety ;
a root ; a particular strength of taste or tartness ;
a contest in running ; a rapid course : a movement
or progression of any kind; a strong rapid current
of water or its channel ; a small artificial canal or
water-course leading from a dam to the machinery
driven by it. SYN. Lineage; family; generation;
breed ; course ; passage ; current, &c.
EACE, v. i. To run swiftly ; to run or contend in
running.
EACE'-GIN-GEE, n. Ginger in the root or not
pulverized.
RACE'-HORSE, n. A horse that runs in competi-
tion.
RAC-E-MATION, n. A cluster, as of grapes.
EA-CEME', n. A particular arrangement of flowers
when they stand with short and equal stalks
or pedicels on a common slender axis, like cur-
rants.
RAC-E-MlF'ER-OUS.. a. Bearing clusters.
clusters.
RA'CEE, 7i. A race-horse ; a runner.
RA'CES, n. pi. A meeting for contests in speed
with horses, &c.
UA-flllTH: (ra-kVt'ik), a. Pertaining to the
muscles of the back ; rickety.
KA-CHl'TIS (ra-kl'tis), n. [Gr.l A softening and
curvature in the spinal and other bones; the
rickets.
RA'CI-NESS, n. The quality of being racy.
BACK, n. An engine of torture ; the torture it-
self; a frame on which things are laid, or in
which hay, &c., is put for cattle; the ambling
pace of a horse ; fly in ? broken clouds or vapour ;
a spirituous liquor, culled alsoarracfc; a toothed
sliding piece of machinery.
EACK, v. t. or v. i. To stretch or strain on a rack ;
to afflict with extreme pain ; to draw from the
lees or decant, as wine ; to amble, as a horse ; to
fly, as broken clouds. SYN. To torment ; extend;
strain ; harass.
EACK'EE, n. One who tortures, or makes exac-
tions.
RACK'ET, n. A clattering noise ; a snow shoe ; an
instrument by which the player at tennis strikes
the ball.
KT-ING, n. Confused, noisy mirth.
RACK'ET-Y, o. Making a great noise.
JN'G, a. Inflicting torture; excruciati7ig,
as racking pain.
N T, 71. Eent to the full value.
RACK'-RNT-ER, n. One that has to pay rack-
rent.
RA'CY, a. Having a marked and native fl;
SYN. Spicy. Racy (from radix, a root) refers pri-
marily to that strong and peculiar flavour which
certain wines derive from the soil, and hence we
call a style or production racy when it " smacks
of the soil," or has an uncommon degree of fresh-
ness and distinctiveuess of thought and language.
Spicy (from spice), when applied to style, has re-
ference to that pungency which belongs to the
aromatics of the East.
EALVDLE, n. A long stick used in hedging; a
hedge ; an instrument used in weaving.
RALVDLE, v. t. To interweave ; to twist together.
EA'DI-AL, a. Pertaining to the forearm or radius.
BA'DI-ANCE, \n. State or quality of being ra-
BA'DI-AN-CY, 5 diant; brightness sho-
rays ; vivid brightness. SYN. Lustre ; brilliancy ;
splendour ; glare ; glitter.
EA'DI-ANT, a. Emitting rays or heat ; issuing in
rays ; beaming with brightness ; emittinu
light; sparkling.
BA'DI-ANT, ;i. The luminous point or object from
which light emanates ; a straight line proceeding
from a given point to a fixed pole, about which it
is supposed to revolve ; in heraldry, a charge as re-
presented by the rays around it.
RA'DI-ANT-LY, ad. With beaming brightness.
EA-DI-A'TA, n.pl. A great division of the animal
-e as K ; & as j ; * SH : THIS.
kingdom, including those animals whose parts
are arranged round an axis, and on one or several
radii, &c.
EA'DI-ATE, v. t. To emit rays or send out in di-
rect lines from a point or surface, as light or heat ;
to shed lighter brightness on; to enlighten; to
illuminate ; v. i. to issue or dart in rays, as light
or brightness ; to shine; to sparkle; to i.-
proceed in direct lines from a point or surface, as
RA'DI-ATE, a. Noting a flower with disk and
leaflets like a daisy, &c.
j;Al>I-A-TED, a. Adorned with rays of light;
emitted, as rays of heat; in mineralogy, having
crystals diverging from a centre.
RA'DI-A-TING, a. Emitting or darting rays of
light or heat.
RA-DI-A'TION, 7i. Emission of rays of light or
heat; the shooting from a centre.
RA'DI-A-TOK, n, A body from which rays
or heat emanate; a contrivance by which
more heat is secured from a stove; the 'name for
such a stove i
RAD'I-GAL, . Pertaining to the root ; implanted
by nature ; serving to originate ; deep or tho-
rough. SYN. Entire. A radical cure, reform, &c.,
is one which goes to the root (radix) of the evil in
question ; entire would imply that it extended to
every part of the system referred to.
EAD'I-'AL, n. Boot of a word ; an element, or a
simple constituent part of a substance.
EAD'1-AL, n. One who in polities advocates ex-
treme measures in reformation.
BAD'I-AL-IiSM, 7t. The doctrine or principle of
making radical reform in government.
EA D'I-AL-LY, ad. Originally; primitively;
thoroughly.
RAD'I-GAL-NESS, n. The state of being radical.
EAD'I-CJANT, a. Booting, as a stem or leaf.
EAD'I-'ATE, v. t. To root ; to plant deeply
RAD-I-:A'TION, n. Act of fixing deeply.
RAD'I-LE (rad'e-kl), n. That part of the seed
which becomes a root.
RAD'ISH, 71. A plant whose root has a pungent
taste, and is eaten raw.
RA'DI-US, 7i.; pi. EA'DI-US F.S or El'm-i. A ri-ht
line from the centre of a circle to the peri'
in anatomy, the exterior bone of the fore*
UA'DIX, n.; pi. EA.-D!'CES. A root or primitive
word.
RAFF, n. Sweepings, as in rlffrnf; the rabble > the
mob ; a promiscuous heap or collection.
EAF'FLE, v. i. To cast dice for a prize for
each person concerned in the game lays down a
stake or hazards part of the value.
EAF'FLE, n. A game of chance or lottery in which
several persons deposit a part of the value of a
thing for the chance of gaining it.
RAFT (6), n. A float of wood or boards
: , 'v. t. To transport on a raft.
RAFTER, n. A roof-timber of a building.
RAFTING, n. The business of floating rafts.
RAFTS'MAN, it: A man who manages a raft.
RAG, n. A tattered cloth; a torn piece of cloth ;
garments worn cut or a mean dress ; coarse sili-
cious rock.
RAG-A-MtjF'FIN, n. A paltry, mean fellow.
RAGE, n. Violent anger accompanied by furious
words or actions ; vehemence or aggravation of
anything painful ; extreme eagerness or passion
directed to some object. SYN. Fury; impetuo-
sity; passion; 071 yer, which see.
RAGE, v. i. To be in a fury ; to be violent. SYN.
To storm ; fret ; chafe ; fume ; ravage.
RAG'GED, a. 'Kent or worn into fragments ;
broken ; covered with r
RAG'GED-NESS, n. State of being ra
U. Hi ING, o. Acting with violence or fury; vehe-
mently driven or n - ;. Furious; frantic;
mad; wrathful; ii;. !olent.
i:.\ii ING, 71. Fury; violence; impetuosity.
RAGKMAN, n. A man who collects rags.
RAG
372
RAN
I. I, <tc., long. I, fi, Ac., aTwrt elms, FAB, LAST,
EA-GOUT (ra-goe'), n. [Fr.] A high-seasoned
dish.
" RAGS, n. pi. Old worn-out garments.
RAG'-WHEEL, n. In machinery, a wheel having
cogs or a notched edge.
RAG'- WORK, n. A kind of rubble work.
RAG-WORT, n. A plant of the genus senecio.
RAID, n. A predatory incursion.
RAIL, n. A narrow piece or bar of wood or iron for
fencing or inclosing a place ; a long iron bar used
on rail-roads ; a narrow plank on a ship's upper
works ; a long-toed water-bird.
KAIL, v. t. To inclose with rails.
RAIL, v. i. To utter reproaches ; to scoff.
RAII'ER, n. One who utters abusive language.
RAIL'ING, a. Expressing reproach ; insulting.
BAILING, n. Insulting language; a series of rails;
materials for rails.
RAIL'LER-Y (ral'ler-y), n. Jesting language ; good-
humoured pleasantry or slight satire; satirical
merriment.
RAIL'ROAD, ) n. A road or way on which iron
RAIL'WAY, j rails are laid to diminish the fric-
tion of the wheels of carriages.
BAI'MENT (ra'rnent), n. Clothing in general ;
_ garments ; vesture.
RAIN, n. Water falling from clouds.
RAIN, r. i. or v. i. To pour or shower down, like
rain from the clouds ; to fall in drops, as water
from clouds.
RAlN'BOW (rane'bo), n. A many-coloured arch
formed by the refraction and reflection of the
sun's rays ; the iris.
RAIN'DEER, 7i. A species of deer. See REINDEER.
RAIN'-GAU&E (rane'gaje), n. An instrument to
receive and measure the quantity of rain that
falls.
RAIN I-NESS, n. State of being rainy.
RAIN'Y, a. Abounding with rain ; showery.
RAISE (raze), v. t. The leading idea is that of
causing to ascend, as to raise a stone, a mast, a
building, &c. ; hence, to exalt, as to raise to hon-
our ; to enhance, as to raise the price of goods,
&c. ; to excite, as to raise a tempest ; to raise the
pulse, &c. ; to call forth or into action, as to raise
money, to raise troops, &c. ; to rear or cause to
grow, as to raise cattle, &c. ; to raise wheat.
[American.'] SYN. To grow ; to rear. It is a pecu-
liarity of the Southern States of America to apply
the word raise to the rearing or bringing up of
men, as " I was raised in Kentucky."
RAIS'ER, n. One who lifts, builds, or produces.
With joiners, a board set on edge under the fore
side of a step or stair.
RAIS'IN (ra'zn), n. A dried grape.
RAIS'ING, n. The act of lifting, setting up, re-
storing, producing, &c. ; erection or operation of
setting up a frame building.
RAIS-SON : NE' (ra-zon-a'), a. [Fr.] With proof
illustrations, or notices ; analytical, as Catalogue
raissonne, &c.
RA'JAH, n. The Hindoo word for king.
RAJ'POOT, n. A Hindoo of the military order.
RAKE, n. A tool to gather hay, &c. ; a libertine.
RAKE, v. t. To collect with a rake; to search; to
scratch ; to fire in the direction of the length of
RAKE, y. i. To scrape or scratch into for finding
anything ; to search minutely ; to pass with vio-
lence or rapidity ; to lead a dissolute life ; to in-
cline from a perpendicular direction.
RAK'ING, 7i. Act of using a rake ; space or quan-
tity raked at once ; a. that rakes.
RAK'ISH, a. Lewd ; given to a dissolute life ;
having a backward inclination, as the masts of a
ship.
RAK'ISH-NESS, n. Dissolute practices.
RAL'LY, n. Act of collecting disordered troops ;
a sudden collection of persons ; exercise of satiri-
cal merriment.
RAL'LY, r. t. To treat with good humour and
pleasantry, 01 with slight contempt or satire; to
K&LL, WHAT; THifiE, TBBJf ; MAIUNB, BlKD ; iloVK,
collect and reduce to order troops dispersed or
things scattered. SYN. To joke; ridicule; de-
ride ; collect ; unite ; banter, which see.
RAL'LY, v. t. To assemble ; to come back to order ;
to use pleasantry.
RAM, n. A male sheep ; a sign of the zodiac ; an
engine to batter walls ; a machine to raise water,
called also u'ater-rams.
RAM, v. t. To drive with violence ; to cram.
UAM-A-DAN', n. The great annual fast of the Mo-
hammedans kept during the yth month.
RAM'BLE, n. A wandering or an irregular excur-
sion. SYN. Tour: trip; jaunt.
RAM'BLE, v. t. To ride, walk, or sail from a place
without a definite object ; to go at large or move
without direction. SYN. To roam; range; rove;
stroll; wander.
RAM'BLER, n. One who rambles ; a wanderer,
RAM/BLING, a. Moving or going irregularly.
SYN. Koving; roaming; wandering; strolling:
unsettled.
RAM-I-FI-A'TION, n. A branching; a division
or subdivision ; the manner in which a tree pro-
duces its boughs.
RAM'I-FY, v. t. or v. t. To divide, shoot, or sepa-
rate into branches ; to be divided or subdivided,
as a main subject.
RAM'MER, 7i. A ramrod; an instrument for driv-
ing any thing with force ; the person that rams.
RAM'MISH, a. Rank; strong scented.
RA-MOL-LISE'MENT, n. [Fr.] Softening of the
brain.
RA'MOSE, ~)a. Branched: branchy; full of
RA'MOUS, 5 branches.
RAMP, v. t. To leap ; to frisk ; to climb.
RAMP, n. A leap ; spring ; romp.
RAMP'AN-CY, 7i. Exuberance of growth ; execs-
sive prevalence ; extravagance.
RAMP' ANT, a. Overgrowing usual bounds; be-
yond restraint ; in heraldry, as applied to a lion,
&c., standing on the hind legs, with fore feet
raised. SYN. Wanton; frisky; exuberant; un-
restrained.
RAM'PART, n. A wall, or that which fortifies and
defends from assault. SYN. Bulwark. The ram-
part of a fortress is the entire wall which sur-
rounds it; a bulwark is more properly something
which projects (as a bastion) for the defence of
the main work. Hence we speak of a distin-
guished individual as the bulwark, not the
rampart of the state.
RAM'liOD, n. A rod of iron used in forcing down
a musket charge.
RAN-CHE'RO (ran-tsha'ro, ) n. [Sp.] In Mexico, a
peasant employed on a rancho ; a herdsman.
RAN'CHO (rin'tsho), } n. A small hamlet or large
RANCH, $ farming establishment for
cattle and horses.
RAN'CID, a. Musty; sour; having a strong or
rank smell.
RAN-C1D'I-TY, \n. A strong, sour smell ; musti-
RAN'CID-NESS,j ness.
RAN'OR-OUS (rank'ur-us), a. Characterized by
deep and implacable malice. SYN. Bitter; viru-
lent ; malicious ; malignant ; spiteful.
RAN'-GOR-OUS-LY, ad. With deep malignity.
RAN'-GOUR (rank'ur), n. Inveterate enmity; deep-
seated and implacable hatred ; corruption. SYN.
Enmity. Enmity and rancotir both describe hos-
tile feelings ; but enmity may be generous and
open, while rancour (lit., a festering) is deep-seat-
ed and malignant. It implies personal malice of
the worst and most enduring nature, and is the
strongest word in our language to express hostile
RAND, n. The border or seam of a shoe ; a thin
inner sole of cork,
RAN'DOM, a. Left to chance; uttered or done
without aim or previous calculation.
RAN'DOM, 71. Want of direction ; hazard; dis-
tance of a body thrown, as the furthest random of
a missile weapon ; progression.
RAN
373
RAS
D6VE, WOLF, BQOK; BCLE,ByLL; Vl"CIOU8
BANE, n. A name sometimes given to the reindeer.
BANG, old preterit of RING.
BANGE, n. A row of things, as a range of build-
ings; a wandering or excursion, as taking a wide
range ; extent ; compass ; a cooking apparatus or
grate; step of a ladder; a division by lines of
townships of public lands in the United States;
in gunner;/, the horizontal distance to which a
shot, Arc., is curried.
: !, v. t. To place in order or in rows ; to dis-
pose in classes ; to move or pass ever, near, in
the direction of, or parallel to. SYN. To class ;
"c ; rank ; arrange ; set, fee.
:', v. i. To rove at large without restraint ;
'.} or pass near or in the direction of; to be
pi iced in order or rank. zi'i;. To rove; roam;
ramble ; wander ; stroll.
K AMJ'EK, n. One that ranges ; a dog.
. ER-SHIP, 11. The office of the keeper of a
BANK, a. Strong-scented; strong; can
being of vigorous growth ; high-tasted ; :
a high degree ; exceeding the value. SYN. Luxu-
riant ; rich ; rancid ; excessive ; violent :
BANK, n. A row or line; any portion or number
of things to which place, degree, or order is as-
. d; degree of dignity or high place, &c. ;
runks, in the plural, the order of common sol-
diers. SYN. Division; degree; grade; class;
order; dignity.
EA.NK, v. i. or v. i. To place in a line, in a class
or order; to have a degree of dignity; to be
ranged.
EAXK'LE (rank'kl), v. i. To grow more rank or
strong; to be inflamed; to fester.
RANK'LING, n. The act or process of becoming
more virulent; deep and active irritation.
RANK'LY, ad. With luxuriant growth, <tc.
KANK'NESS, n. A strong scent or taste; exuber-
ance ; extraordinary strength.
AUK, v. t. To search narrowly ; to plunder.
-UM (rftn'som), n. The price paid for r
ing a pci-son or goods; release from captivity;
the price paid for life or pardon of sin.
BAN'SOM, r. t. To free from captivity or punish-
ment by paying an equivalent; to retrieve from
the penalty of the divine law, guilt, or sin. SVN.
To redeem; release; deliver; rescue; save.
' >M-KK, n. One who redeems.
' >M-LESS, a. Destitute of or without ransom.
KANT, n. Boisterous, empty words ; high-sound-
ing language without dignity of thought.
BANT, v. i. To rave ; to use empty, high-sounding
words.
E I'.R, 11. A boisterous dcclaimer; a member
o;' a body who separated from the Primitive Me-
thodists.
BANT'I-POLE, n. Wild; boisterous; roving; ra-
kish.
BA-NCN'U-LUS. n. A genus of plants compris-
w-foot. butter-cup, &c.
,')J-:S VM.'llKS' (riinz dfi Tash'), r.. pi [IV.]
lo melodies of the Swiss mountaineers played
lie Alpine horn.
BAP, n. A quick, smart blow, as a rap on the
knuckles.
. t. or r. t. To strike with n quick, lnrp
blow; to knock; to seize and bear awn/, ,
larly by violence.
BA-PA'CIOUS (-pa'shus), a. Greedy of prey ;
to pluu l>-'r ; wont to seize for food or by v:
. Ravenous; voracious; exorbitant;
iir^.
BA-PA'CIOUS-LY, ad. Ravenous lyj by rapine.
CIOUS-NESS, 7 11. Disposition to plunder :
KA-PAC'I-TY, $ practice of plundering;;
itant crreedinc"^ of -.rain.
B A 1'E, n. A seizin- by violence ; carnal knowledge
.ried away ; a plant culti-
B oil from it
EAPHIDfiS.n. pi. I-Iinv.to crystals found in the
tissues of plants.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
RAP'ID, p. Characterized by quickness of motion j
advancing with haste or speed ; of quick utterance
of words. STN. Swift ; quick ; violent ; fast ; ex-
peditious; hurried.
RAPED, n. s. ) The part of a river where the cur-
RAPIDS, n. pi. ; rent is swift.
RAriD-LY, ad. Swiftly; with celerity.
RAP'ID-NESS, I n. Quickness in motion, utter-
RA-PID'I-TY, ) ance, or progression. SYN.
Swiftness ; velocity ; celerity ; haste ; speed ;
fleetness.
j BA PI-EB, n. A small sword used in thrusting.
RAP INE (rapin), n. The act of plundering by
violence. SYN. Plunder : pillasre ; violence.
1 RAP-PA-REE', n. A wild Irish plunderer.
1 PEE', n. A coarse kind of snuff.
, RAPPER, n. One that raps; the knocker of a
door.
RAPT, a. Transported in ecstacy.
RAPT'CRE (rapt'yurj. n. Extreme joy or pleasure ;
a hurrying along with rapidity ; uncommon heat
of imagination. SYN. Transport ; ecstacy ; de-
light ; blis^ ; enthusiasm.
RAPTTJE-OUS irapt'ynr-us), a. Transporting;
ecstatic; very delightful; ravishing.
RA'RA A'VIS, n. [/-.] A rare bird ; an unusual
_person.
BARE (4), a. Seldom occurring; unusually excel-
lent, as a rare genius ; not dense, as a rare at-
mosphere ; thinly scattered ; underdone, as rare
meat. SYN. Scarce. We call a thing rare when
but few of the kind are ever to be met with, as a
rare plant. &c. ; we speak of a thing as scare*
when, though usually abundant, it is for the time
to be procured only in diminished quantities. A
bad harvest makes corn scarce.
BAR'EE-SHOW, n. A show carried in a box.
RAR-E-FA"TION, n. The expansion of bodies
by the separation of their parts; it is opposed to
condensation.
RAR'E-FI-A-BLE, a. Capable of rarefaction.
RAR'E-FIED, a. Made thin or less dense.
RAR'E-FY, v. t. or v. i. To make thin; to enlarge
a body without adding to it any new portion of
its own matter ; to become thin and porous.
BARE'LY (4), ad. Seldom ; not often ; finely.
J ; A i ; E NESS, ) n. State of being uncommon ; ralue
RAU'I-TY, j arising from scarcity ; distance
from each other; rarity is also used for a thing
valued for its scarcity, &c. SVN. Infrcqueucy ;
nncommonness ; thinness ; subtility.
AL, n. A trickish, dishonest man; a scoun-
drel ; a rogue.
RAS'AL, a. Lean; low; mean.
EAS-AL'ION (-kalyun), n. A low, mean wretch.
EAS-AL'I-TY, n. Mean trickishuess or dishon-
esty.
RAS'-GAL-LY, o. Meanly base or trickish ; worth-
less.
ixo), r. f. To level with the ground; to
scratch, blot, or rub out SYN. To subvert ; pros-
trate ; overthrow ; demolish ; erase ; obliterate.
RASH, a. Acting without due caution or thought ;
v.-ith too much h?.ste; unwary: heedless.
SYN. Adventurous ; fool-hardy. That man is
adventurous who incurs ri-^k or hazard from a
love of the arduous and the bold ; and ras7i (con-
nected with rush) who does it from the mere im-
pulse of his feelings without counting the cost;
and/ooZ-7iardy when he throws himself into dan-
ger in disregard or defiance of the consequences.
RASH, v. t. To slice; to d
RASH, n. An eruption or eiHorescence on the
-, with little or no elevation.
]U, u. A thin slice; a cut of bacon.
manner; precipitately.
N HSS, 71. Inconsiderate or too much
o) iii undertaking a measure
Precip.' .',-ssness; indiscre-
tion ; temerity, whi'-.
I-AL, a. Pertaining to gallinaceous birds,
or scratchers.
RAS
371
KAV
i, , &c., long. I, &, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST, FAJ.L, WHAT ; TIILKE, TiRM ; MAiilNE, BIRD ; MOVE,
RASP (6), n. A large rough file, the cutting sur- the supernatural events of revelation solely o:j
faces of which are raised by being 1 punched in-
stead of being cut across by a chisel ; a grater.
E AS P, v. t. To rub or grate with a rasp.
EASP'A-TO-RY, n. A surgeon's rasp.
EA$P'BER-RY (raz'ber-ry), n. Fruit of the bram-
ble, or a berry growing on a well-known prickly
plant.
EASP'ING, n. A filing ; a severe rebuke, or some-
thing Crating to the feelings.
EAS'URE (ru'zhur), n. Act of scraping out; the
natural grounds, and denies inspiration, fee.
RA-TION-AL-IST'I/e, \a. Belonging or accord-
RA-TION-AL-IST'I-AL,J ing to the principles
of rationalism.
RA-TION-AL'I-TY (rash-un-aTi-ty), n. Power of
reasoning ; reasonableness.
RA'TION-AL-LY (rash'un-al-ly), ad. With reason ;
reasonably.
RA'TION-AL-NESS, n. The state of being ra-
tional.
mark by which a letter, word, or any part of RAT'LlNE, ") n. A small line across the shrouds
writing is er.i RAT'LING, > of a ship forming a step of the lad-
RAT, n. A troublesome animal of the mouse kind,
but larger. To smell a rat, to suspect some mis-
chief.
EAT, v. i. To desert one's party ; among printers,
to work for less than established prices.
EAT'A-BLE, a. That may be rated or taxed
EAT'A-BLY, ad. By rate or proportion.
RAT-A-Fl'A (rat-a-iea), n. A spirituous liquor
prepared from the kernels of cherries, peaches,
&c.
RAT-AN', n. A small species of cane, with joints
and without branches, the growth of India, and
used in various kinds of manufacture, as chair-
seats, &c. ; a walking stick made of the same.
RATCH, n. A bar with teeth, into which a catch
drops, to keep machines from running back.
EATCH'ET, n. A tooth at the bottom of the fusee
or barrel of a watch, to stop it in winding up.
EATCH'ET-WHEEL, n. A circular wheel with
angular teeth to receive the pall or ratchet.
EATE, n. The proportion or standard ; the price
EAT-OON', n. A sprout from the root of the sugar-
cane after the first cutting ; the heart leaves of
the tobacco plant.
RATS'BANE, n. Arsenic ; poison for rats.
RAT-TEEN', n. A thick tweeled woollen stuff.
E AT-TI-NET', n. A woollen stuff thinner than rat-
teen.
RATTING, n. Act of deserting a party; among
printers, a working for less than established
rices.
(rat'tl), v. i. To make sharp, quick, re-
peated noises ; to clatter.
EAT'TLE, v. t. To cause to make a rattling sound,
or a rapid succession of sharp sounds ; to stun
with noise ; to scold.
EAT'TLE, n. A succession of sharp sounds or
words ; an instrument with which a clattering
sound is made ; clamorous chiding ; a plant.
EAT'TLE-HEAD'ED (rat'tl-hCd'ed), o. Being noisy;
giddy ; unsteady.
or amount stated ; settled allowance ; de.rr.ie of RATTLES (rat'tlz), n. pi The croup ; a disease in
value or price ; a tax assessed by authority ; in the windpipe.
the navy, the order or class of a ship. RAT'TLE-SNAKE, n. A venomous serpent having
EATE, v. t. To be set or considered in a class ; to a rattle at the end of the tail.
make an estimate. EAT'TLE-SNAKE-EOOT, n. A plant or root used
RATE, v. t. To set a value on ; to put or rank at j to cure the bite of a rattlesnake.
a certain price or excellence, or fix the order or EATTLING, a. Making a quick succession of sharp
magnitude, &c. ; to take the rate of; to chide sounds.
with vehemence. SYN. To estimate ; appraise ; EAT'TLING, n. A quick succession of sharp
reckon ; tax ; reprove ; scold. I sounds ; noise made by wheels, &c.
RATH, a. Early : coming before the usual time. j RAU'CI-TY, n.
RATHER, ad. M.U-J willingly ; especially ; more
properly ; in preference ; noting some degree of EAVAGE
contrariety in fact.
Hoarseness ; roughness of voice.
EAU'OUS, a. Hoarse; harsh; rough.
KAT-I-FI-A'TION, n. Act of confirming; giving
sanction or val.ility to another's act.
EAT'I-FI-ER, n. One who confirms.
RAT'I-FY, v. t. To give sanction or validity to
AVAGE, r. t. To lay waste in various ways.
SYN. To waste; spoil, plunder; pillage; destroy.
RAVAGE, n. Destruction by violence or by decay,
&c. SYN. Devastation ; desolation ; waste ; spoil ;
rounder ; ruin.
RAVAG-EE, n. He
or that which lays waste,
spoiler ; plunderer ; de-
something done by another. SYN. To confirm ; SYN. Devastator ;
approve; establish : sanction, stroyer.
EAT'ING, n. A eluding or scolding ; a valuation, i RAVE, v. i. To be delirious ; to dote ; to rage.
RA'TIO (ra'sho), n. ; pi. RA'TIOS. Relation which i RAVE, n. The upper side timber of a cart.
one thing has to another. SYN. Proportion; rate; j EAVJEL (rav'vl), v. i. To fall into perplexity and
degree ; quota
RA-TIOC-I-NA'TION (ra-shr.s-e-na'shun), n. Act or
process of reasoning or of deducing consequences
from premises.
EA'TION, n. Provisions for a day.
RA'TION-AL (rash'un-al), a. Endowed with reason j
agreeable to reason ; acting in conformity to rea-
son. SYN. Reasonable. Rational (from rofio) has
reference to reason as a faculty of the mind, and
is opposed to irrational [i. e., destitute of or con-
trary to reason], as a rational being, a rational state
of mind, rational views, &c. In these cases the
speculative reason is more particularly referred to.
Reasonable has reference to the exercise of this
faculty for practical purposes, and denotes "go-
verned or directed by reason," as rcasona6l desires,
plans, &c., a reasonable charge, a reasonable prospect
of success.
EA-TION-A'LE (ra-shun-ale), n. Detail with rea-
sons ; theoretical explanation.
RA'TION-AL-ISM (rash'un-al-ism), n. A system of
opinions deduced from reason or distinct Irom in-
spiration.
R A'TION-AL-IST (rash'un-al-ist) , n. One who pro-
ceeds merely on reason ; one who accounts for
confusion ; to work in perplexities.
RAVEL, v. t. To untwist ; to disentangle; also, to
entangle ; to make intricate ; involve.
RAVE'LIN (rav'lin), n. A detached work in fortifi-
cation witli two embankments making a salient
angle.
RAV-EL-LItfGS (rav'vl-ingz), n. pi. Threads de-
tached in ravelling.
RA'VEN (ra'vu;, n. A large black bird of the crow
family.
RAVEN (rav'vn), v. i. or v. t. To devour greedily;
to eat with voracity ; to obtain by violence ; to
_prey with rapacity.
RAVEN, n. Food obtained by violence. SYN.
Prey ; pillage ; rapine ; plunder.
RAVEN-ING (rav'va-ing), n. Eagerness for plun-
der.
RAVEN-OTIS (raVvn-us), a. Very hungry; hungry
even to rage ; eager for prey or gratification j
devouring with rapacity. SYN. Voracious; rapa-
cious ; greedy.
RAVA'N-OUS-LY, ad. With raging hunger.
RAVEN-OUS-NESS. n. Extreme voracity.
RA ; VJ?N'S-U0CK, n. A species of sail-cloth.
RA'VIN. See RAVEN.
KAV
375
EEA
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK; RCXE, BrLL ; Vl"CIOCS.
RA-Vl'NE' (ra-veen'), n. A loner, deep hollow worn
by a stream or torrent of water ; hence, a deep,
'.v hollow or pass through mountains.
, G, a. Furious with delirium. SYN. Mad;
rious; distracted; frenzied.
RAVISH, v. t. To seize and carry away by force;
to transport with delight; to know carnally by
force. SYN. To violate ; deflower ; force ; enrap-
ture ; deliirht.
RAVISHED, a. Snatched away by violence; forced
to carnal embrace ; delighted to ecstacy.
RAV'ISH-ER, n. One who seizes by force or who
forces a woman; one who transports with de-
light.
RAV'ISH-ING, a. Delighting or delightful to ec-
stacy ; transporting.
RAV'LsH-MENT, n. Act of ravishing ; rapture.
RAW, a. Not altered from a natural state ; not
cooked ; unman ufactiired ; bare of skin or llc-^h ;
not ripened ; unripe in skill or not tried ; rather
cold and damp; not mixed or adulterated; not
tanned; not tried or melted. SYN. Crude; sore;
! ; unexperienced ; new ; chilly ; bleak.
RAW-BONED (-bGnd), o. Having little flesh on
the bones.
RAW-HEAD f.hM), n. Something frightful; a
spectre used to frighten children, >
RAWHIDE, n. A cowhide or riding-whip of un-
1 leather twisted.
RA W ' L \ . <nl. Unskilfully ; without experience.
It A W'.N ESS, n. State of being inexperienced; the
state of being raw or uncooked ; hasty manner ;
coldness with dampness. SYN. Uuskilfulness ;
crudeness ; chilliness.
I i ), n. A line of light, or one as formed by a
particle of light ; figuratively, a beam of intellec-
tual light ; the outer parts oi' the florets of a com-
pound radiated flower; a bony or cartilaginous
part of the fin of a fish ; a kind of fish. SIN.
Glimmer; beam; gleam; light; lustre.
RAY (ra), v. t. To streak; to shoot forth; to mark
with long_ lines.
'. i 1 (ra'yn), n. In Turkey, a non-Mohammedan
ct who pays the capitation tax.
RAY LESS (ri'loss), o. Destitute of light; dark;
not illuminated.
RAZE, v. t. To lay level or subvert from the foun-
dation ; to erase ; to efface ; to extirpate. SYN.
To prostrate; overthrow; destroy; obliterate ;
demolish, \vhicli see.
RA-ZEE', 7i. A ship of war cut down to a smaller
size.
RA-ZEE', v. t. To cut down or reduce to the next
inferior rank or class, as a ship of war.
RA'ZOR, n. An instrument for shaving.
U-BILL, 7i. The common auk.
RA'ZOR-FISH, n. A bivalve of the genus SoZen,
so called from its shape.
H A'ZOR-STROP, n. A strap for sharpening razors.
RA'ZURE (ra'zhur), n- Act of erasing; oblitera-
tion. Sec RASUKE.
RE, a prefix, denotes back, return, or repetition ;
sometimes it is redundant or intensive; also a
svllable used in music.
RE-AB-SORB', v. t. To draw in, imbibe, or swallow
again what hns been effused or thrown out.
RE-AB-SORPTION, n. The act or process of im-
bibing what has been previously thrown off nr
extravasated ; the swallowing a second time.
RE-A-CESS', 7i. A second access or visit.
REACH (reech), v. t. To stretch out ; to touch by
extending the hand or by any thing held in it ;
to deliver by extending the hand ; to arrive at,
come to, or attain anything, especially if difficult
or distant ; to penetrate to, or spread out or
abroad; to strike from a distance. SYS. To ex-
tend ; secure : gain ; hand ; transfer.
REACH, v. i. To be extended; to penetrate; to
make efforts to vomit ; to retch.
REACH, n. Extent ; power of attaining to ; effort;
fetch ; contrivance ; that portion of a river in
which the current flows straight forward ; effort
asK; 6 as J; a as zj CH as SH; THIS.
to vomit. SYN. A stretching; extension ; scheme;
artifice.
i , v. i. To return an impulse or impres-
sion ; to resist the action of another body by an
opposite force ; to act reciprocally or in opposi-
tion.
T', v. t. To act or perform a second time.
RE-A'TION, n. In physics, counteraction; ac-
tion in opposition ; in chemistry, the mutual or
reciprocal action of two or more chemical agents ;
any action in resisting other action or power.
RE-A'TION-A-RY, o. Operating by way of re-
action, [act.
FIVE, a. Having power or tending to re-
READ (reed), v. t. To inspect and understand ; to
utter or pronounce words, characters, or letters,
and in their proper order ; to learn to know
fully.
READ, v. i. To perform the act of reading; to bo
studious; to learn by reading ; to appear in read-
of a passage, so it reads.
READ (red), a. Instructed or knowing oy reading;
versed in books.
E E AD'A-BLE, o. That may be /ead ; easy of plea-
sant to read.
READ'ER, n. One who reads; one who studies
much ; a corrector of the press ; one who places
in order the cords of a draw-loom, as by pattern.
READ'ER-SHIP, n. The office of reading prayers.
READ'I-LY (rd'i-ly,), ad. Quickly ; promptly.
READ'I-NESS (rM'e-ness), 71. Freedom from hin-
derance or reluctance ; a state of being prepared ;
fitness of condition. SYN. Quickness; skill;
knack; promptitude; willingness; preparation;
alacrity ; facility, which see.
READ'ING, n. Perusal ; public recital > variation
of copies; manner of interpretation; a commen-
tary or gloss on a law, text, or passage ; study of
books.
READ'ING, a. Addicted to reading, as a com-
munity.
READ'IXG-ROOM, n. A room provided with
papers, &c., to which persons resort to read.
RE-AD- Jl'ST', r. t. To put in order a
RE-AD-JCST'MENT, n. A second settlement.
RE-AD-MIS'SION (-mlEsh'uii), n. Act of admitting
again what has been excluded.
RE-AD-MIT', v. t. To admit again.
RE-AD-M1TTANCE, n. A second admittance, or
allowance to enter
READT (rcd'y), a. Quick to comprehend or act ;
not hesitating ; not slow or dull ; furnished with
what is needed; suitably arranged ; not reluctant,
or about to do or suffer ; 'hving a tendency or dis-
position ; being at hand or most convenient.
SYN. Speedy ; fitted ; handy ; willing ; short ;
near ; prompt, which see.
RfiAD'Y, ad. In a state of preparation, so as to
need no delay; promptly; reo.dij-madc, not made
to order.
RE-AF-FlRM' (17), v. t. To affirm again.
RE-AF-FlRM'ANCE, n. A second affirmance.
R-A'GENT, n. A substance that detects the in-
gredients of a mixture.
RE'AL, a. Having a positive existence; genuine;
not imaginary or counterfeit; relating to tilings,
not persons as real estate. SYX. Actual. Real re-
presents a thing to be a " res," or substantive ex-
istence, as a real occurrence, not imaginary.
Actual refers to it as acted or performed; and
hence, when we wish to prove a thing real, we
say, "It actually exists," "it has actually been
done." Thus its reality is shown by its a.
.Actual, from this reference to being acted, has re-
cently received a new signification, viz., present,
as "the actual posture of affairs;" since what is
now in action, or going on has, of course, a present
existence.
RE'AL, 7i. A Spanish coin from 3d. to 6cl.
R'AL-I$M, n. The doctrine of the Realists, that
the terms for denoting the genera or species of
things represent real existences, not mere names.
EEA
376
REB
Ii *, &c., Zonfl. I, 4, &c., s?ior<. CARE, FAR, lAsx,
ItL' AL-IST, n. One who holds to Realism.
RE-AL-lST'te, a. Pertaining to or characteristic
of Realists.
EE- AL'I-TY, n. The actual existence of any thing,
in distinction from mere appearance ; something
intrinsically important, not merely matter of
Bhow. SYN. Truth; fact; verity; actuality; cer-
tainty.
RE-AL-IZ 7 A-BLE, a. That may be realized.
RE-AL-I-ZATION, n. Act of realizing ; the act of
converting money into land, of believing real,
or of bringing into being or act.
RE'AL-IZE, v. t. To bring into being or act ; to
bring home to one's own case; to consider as
one's own ; to impress as a reality, or treat as
real; to bring into possession; to render tangi-
ble or real ; v. i. to raise money. SYN. To ac-
complish ; effect ; complete ; consummate.
EE'AL-LY, ad. In fact; in truth; with actual
existence; not only in appearauce. SYN. Truly;
certainly ; actually.
REALM (rglm), n. A royal jurisdiction or extent
of government ; a kingdom; kingly government.
REAM, 77. A bundle of twenty quires of paper.
REAM, v. t. To bevel out a hole in metal, &c.
RE-AN'I-MATE, v. t. To restore to life ; to revive
the spirits ; to infuse new life into.
RE-AN-I-MATION, n. The act or operation of re-
viving or restoring to life, spirits, courage, or
vigour.
RE-AN-NEX', v. t. To annex again, or what has
been separated ; to reunite.
EEAP, v. t. To cut grain with a sickle ; to clear
- off a crop by reaping ; to gather ; to obtain ; to
receive as a reward.
"REAP, v. i. To perform the act or operation of cut-
ting grain, &c. ; to receive the fruit of labour or
works.
REAP'ER, n. One who r -;y>s.
KEAP'ING, n. The act of cutting grain with a
sickle.
REAP'ING-HQOK, n. An instrument used in
reaping ; a sickle.
RE-AP-PAR'EL, v. t. To clothe again.
RE-AP-PEAR', v. i. To appear a second time.
RE-AP-PEAR'ANCE, n. A second appearance.
RE-AP-PLY', v. t. To apply a second time.
RE-AP- POINT', v. t. To appoint asaiu.
RE-AP-POINT'MENT, n. A second appointment.
RE-AP- PORTION, v. t. To apportion again.
RE-AP-POR'TION-MENT, n. A second apportion-
ment.
REAR, n. The part behind; last body of troops ;
last class.
REAR, v. t. To raise ; to bring to maturity, as young ;
to lift after a fall ; to educate ; to stir up; to ob-
tain or achieve. See RAISE.
REAR, v. i. To rise on the hind lesrs, as a horse.
REAR-AD'MI-RAL, n. The admiral of the third
squadron or rank.
RE AR'-GUAKD (-gard), n. The body that marches
in the rear of an army to defend it.
REAR'MOUSE, n. The common bat.
REAR'-RANK, n. The rank of a body of troops in
the rear.
REAR'WARD, n. The rear guard ; the end ; the
tail ; the last troop ; the last part.
RE-AS-CEND', v. i. To mount again.
RE-AS-CN'SION (-sSn'shun), n. Act of remount-
ing.
RE-AS-CENT', n. A returning ascent ; acclivity.
REA'SON (re'zii), n. That which is thought
alleged in words as the ground or cause of opinion
or determination; the occasional cause; the
final cause ; a faculty of the mind, by which it dis-
tinguishes truth from falsehood, and good from
evil; right or justice; moderation. SYN. Argu-
ment; proof; cause; motive; sake; end. See
MOTIVE and SENSE.
EEA'iSON (re'zn), v. t. or v. t. To exercise the faculty
of reason ; to argue ; to infer or inquire by dis-
cussion with another ; to discourse ; to persuade
LL, WHAT ; THBRE, TiRM ; MAttlNE, BtRD ; MOV*,
by reasoning. SYN. To discuss ; argue ; examine .
prove.
REA'SON-A-BLE (rg'zn-a-bl), o. Indued with rea-
son ; governed by reason ; just ; agreeable ; not
immoderate. SYN. Equitable; fair; suitable;
moderate ; rational, which see.
RA'SON-A-BLE-NESS (re'zn-), n. Agreeableness
to reason ; moderation.
REA'SON-A-BLY (re'zn-), ad. In consistency with
reason ; not fully ; moderately.
REA'SON-ER (re'zn-) n. One who argues or rea-
sons.
REA'SON-ING (re'zn-), n. The act or process of
exercising the faculty of reason ; argument.
R-AS-SM'BLE, v. t. To assemble or convene
again.
RE-AS-SERT, v. t. To affirm again; to maintain
after cessation or contradiction.
RE-AS-SER'TION, n. A second assertion of the
same thing.
RE-AS-SlGN', v. t. To transfer back any thing
assigned ; to assign again.
RE-AS-SUMPTION, n. Act of reassuming.
RE-AS-SUME', v. t. To assume again; to re-
sume.
RE-AS-SUR'ANCE (-shur'ance), n. Repeated as-
surance ; a second assurance against loss, or the
assurance of property by an underwriter to pro-
tect himself.
iE-AS-StJRE 7 (re-ash-shure),. t. To assure again ;
to restore courage ; to insure so as to cover an in-
surer's loss or risk.
RE-AS-SUR'ER (re-ash-shur'er), n. One who in-
sures an underwriter.
RE-AT-TACH'MENT, n. A second attachment.
RE-BAPTISM, n. A second baptism.
RE-B AP-TIZE', v. t. To baptize a second time.
RE-BATE', v. t. To deprive of keenness ; to abate
or deduct from.
RE-BATE', ") n. Abatement ; deduction of
RE-BATE'MENT, J interest, &c., for prompt pay-
ment; discount.
SiE'BATE, 71. A groove or channel cut in the edge
of a board, &c., to fit another; a rabbet; the
small piece of stuff laid round the panel of a
door; an iron tool like a chisel for dressing wood,
&c.
RE'BE, n. A Moorish instrument of music like a
three-stringed fiddle.
REB'EL, n. One who revolts from lawful authority ;
one who wilfully violates a law; a. rebellious;
acting in revolt. SVN. Insurgent. The
term insurgent marks an early, and rebel a more
advanced stage of opposition to government.
The former rises up against his rulers, the latter
ma/;cs icar upon them. A French writer re-
marks that out of a hundred insurgents, not more
than ten usually hold out and become confirmed
rebels.
RE-BEL 7 , v. t. To rise in violent opposition against
lawful authority.
RE-BELL'ION (re-bSl'yun), n. Open renunciation
of allegiance, and opposition to government ; re-
sistance to lawful authority, SYN. Sedition; re-
volt ; contumacy; insurrection, which see.
RE-BELL'IOUS (re-b61'yus), o. Engaged in rebel-
RE-BELL'IOUS-LY (re-bgl'yus-ly), ad. With de-
to cast off allegiance or resist authority.
EE-1 : KLL'IOUS-NESS (re-bSl'yus-) , n. The quality
or Ftate of being rebellious.
RE-BOUND 7 , v. t. or v. i. To drive back ; to rever-
berate; to spring or flyback, as a ball .SYN.
To recoil ; re-echo ; rebuff
RE-BOUND 7 , n. The act of springing or flyin-
back.
RE-BUFF', . Sudden check; a beating back; re-
jection of solicitation. SYN. Repercussion; re-
pul-c ; defeat; refusal, &c.
RE-BfjrF', v. t. To beat back ; to offer sudden re-
sistance. SYIT. To repel; check; repulse; re-
fuse
REB
377
EEC
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; E^LE, BLL ; Vl"dOUi.
RE-BUlLD' (re-bUd'), v. t. To build or construct
anew what has been demolished.
KK-BfK'A-BLE, a. Deserving rebuke.
RE-BCKE', v. t. To reprehend for a fault ; to check
or restrain ; to afflict for correction ; to silence.
SYN. To chide; reprove; chasten; calm ; aelm<m-
is7t, which see.
RE-BCKE', n. Reproof for faults ; reprehension ;
chastisement; punishment. See REPROOF.
RE-BCKE'FTL, a. Containing reproof.
RE-BOK'ER, 71. One that chides or reproves.
RE-BCKTN(;-LY, ad. By way of rebuke.
R'Y (re-ber'ry), r. t. To bury a
RE'BUS, n. ; pi. Rii'BUS-ES. A kind of riddle ; an
enigmatical representation of some name by using
only pictures and figures.
I v , v. t. To repel ; to oppose by argument.
KE-BCTTER, n. In law pleadings, the answer of a
defendant to a plaintiff's stir-rejoinder.
'vF:-t 'AL-CI-TRA TION, n. A kicking back.
LL', v. i. To call or take back; to revoke;
to call back from a place or mission, as a minister
from a foreign court ; to revive in memory.
LL', n. A calling back ; revocation.
RE-CANT, v. t. or v. i. To take back ; to unsay
what has been said. SYN. To renounce. To re-
nounce is to abandon an opinion or doctrine ; to
recant is formally and distinctly to disavow it as a
serious error. It of course implies that we adopt
the opposing truth.
RE-AN-TA Ti< )N, n. Act of retracting.
UE-GA-PAC'I-TATE, v. t. To qualify :i
ltE-A-PlTO-LATE (-pnVyu-late), v. t. To repeat
in a summary manner ; to give a summary of the
principal things mentioned. SYN. To reiterate:
it ; recite ; rehearse; sum ur>.
\-PIT-C-LATION, 7u The 'act of giving a
summarv; a summary.
-LA-TO-RY, a. Containing recapitu-
lation ; r.-ji^atiug.
RE-APTI(>\, n. A retaking ; reprisal.
ll-APT'OK, n. One who retakes or takes a prize
previously taken.
RE-elPTORE (-kapt'Nur), n. Act of retaking; a
prize retaken.
: T IKE (-kapt'ynr), y. t. To retake, as a
prize which had been previously taken.
RE-AST' (6), v. t. To cast, mould, or compute a
second time ; to throw again.
RE-CEDE', v. i. To move or fall back ; to desist
from. SYN. To retire; return; withdraw; re-
treat.
RE-CEDE', v. t. To cede back ; to grant or yield to
a former possessor.
RE-CEIPT (-sect'), n. The act of receivhi
which is received, as the receipts of a rail-road;
Jess commonly the place of receiving; a writing
acknowledging the taking of money or goods ; a
direction for making things, as in cookery.
RE-CEIPT' (-sect i, ve a writing acknow-
ledging that some: hing has been received.
EE-CEIV'A-BLJbl, a. That may be received.
RE-CElVE' (re-seev'), r. t. To take what is offered,
communicatad, or inflicted ; to be endowed with ;
to admit. SYX. To accept. To receive describes
simply the act of taking ; to accept, the taking
cordially or for the purpose for which a thin-- is
offered. A lady may receive the proposal of a
suitor without accepting his suit.
RE-CEIV'ER (-seev'er), n. One who receives; a
treasurer.
RE-CIV'ING, n. The act of receiving ; that which
is received.
RE-CKL'E-BllATE, r. f. To celebrate again.
RE'CEN-CY, n. Newness of origin; lateness in
time ; freshness.
RE-CENSION (-sen'shun), n. Enumeration; ex-
amination ; review.
RE'CENT, a. Being of late origin or existence;
lately receivi '"i ; notlougpast; of late occurrence ;
in geology, oi a date since the creation of man.
New; late; modern; novel; fresh.
O3K; 6asj; sasz ; Cnassii; THIS.
RE'CENT-LY, ad. Newly; lately; freshly ; not long
since.
RE'CENT-NESS, n. Lateness of origin or occur-
rence. SYN. Newness ; freshness; lateness.
RE-CEP'TA-LE,(or r5c'-), n. A place or vessel into
which any thing is received, or in which it is con-
tained; in botany, the base of the fructification in
plants.
REC-EP-TA'tT-LAR, a. Pertaining to the recep-
tacle, or growing on it.
RE-CEP-TI-BlL'I-TY, n. The possibility of receiv-
ing or of being received.
RE-CEPTION, n. Act of receiving ; state of being
received; admission of any thing sent or com-
municated; a manner of receiving for entertain-
ment ; a party for receiving company.
BE-CEPTTvE. a. That receives ; having the qua-
lity of receiving what is communicated.
RE-CESS', n. A withdrawing or moving back ; re-
mission or suspension of business ; secret or
abstruse parts of a subject, as the recesses of
science ; retirement or private abode ; part of a
room, formed by the receding of the wall ; a secret
place ; the retiring of the shore from the general
line, forming a bay.
RE-CKS'SION (re-sfsh'un), n. Act of drawing
back, of receding from a claim, or relaxing a de-
mand ; a withdrawing or retreating.
KE'-GHAB-lTKS, n. The descendants of Jonadab,
son of Rechab, who abstained from all intoxicat-
ing liquors ; those who practise the same prin-
ciple. .
RE-CHARGE', v. t. To attack or charge anew.
RE-CHARTEK, n. A second charter; renewal of a
charter.
RE-CHAR'TER, v. t. To charter again.
RE-CHEAT', n. A recall on the horn when the
hounds have lost the scent.
RE-CHER'CHE (re-shar'shu), a. [Fr.] Sought out
with care ; nice to an extreme.
RE-CHOOSE', u. t. To choose a second time.
REC'I-PE (r?s'-), n. A medical prescription.
RE-ClP'I-EN-CY, n. Act of recer, in_-.
RE-CIP'I-ENT, 71. One who receives.
RE-CIP'RO-AL, a. Acting in return; alternate;
done on one side in response to something done
on the other s-ide. SYN. Mutual. The distinc-
tive idea of mutual is that the parties tinite by in-
terchange in the same act, as a mutual covenant,
mutual affection, &c. The distinctive idea of re-
ciprocal is, that one party acts by way of return or
response to something previously done by the
other party, as a reciprocal kindness, reciprocal
reproaches, &c. Lp\c is reciprocal when the
previous affection of one party has drawn forth
the attachment of the other. To make it mu-
tual, in the strictest sense, the two parties
should have fallen in love at once ; but as the re-
sult is the same, the two words are here used in-
ngeably. The ebbing and flowing 01 the
tide is a case where the action is reciprocal, but
not 7/1
RE-CIP'RO-AL, n. The reciprocal of any quan-
tity is unity divided by that quantity.
RE-ClP'RO-AL-LY, ad. So that each affects and
is affected by the other.
RE-ClP'RO-GAL-NESS,) n. Mutual return ; alter-
RE-CIP-RO-eAL'I-TY, / nnteness.
RE-ClP'RO-eATE, v. t. or v. i. To act by turns;
to give and return alternately.
RK-CIP-RO-GA'TION, n. Giving and receiving in
return ; interchange of acts ; regular return or
alternation of two symptoms or diseases.
REC-I-PROC'I-TY (res-e-pros'e-ty), n. Mutual re-
turn ; reciprocal obligation or right ; mutual ac-
tion and reaction. SYN. Interchange ; reciproca-
tion : exchange; mutuality.
ION (re-sfeh'un), n. The act of cutting off.
RE-Cl'TAL, 71. The repetition of words of another,
or of writing ; a telling or enumeration of particu-
lars. SYN. Rehearsal; recitation; narration; de-
scription; detail; accoimt, winch see.
BEG
378
REG
I, is, &c., ^ng. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST
KKC-I-TA'TION, n. Rehearsal ; repetition ; in col-
leges and schools, the rehearsal of a lesson by
pupils, fec.
REC-I-TA-TlVE' (res-e-ta-teev'), o. Rehearsing;
reciting, as in music.
EEC-I-TA-TI VE' (-teev') , n. A kind of sin-ing and
musical pronunciation differing but little from or-
dinary speaking.
RE-CITE', v. t. or v. i. To tell over ; to rehearse,
especially of a lesson by a pupil to his teacher ;
to enumerate particulars. SYN. To narrate; de-
scribe ; detail ; recapitulate.
KECK'LESS, a. Having no care or heed. SYN.
Thoughtless ; negligent ; unconcerned ; regard-
less ; careless.
RECK'LESS-NESS, n. The quality of careless-
ness ; negligence; indifference.
RECK'ON (rCk'kn), v.t. orv.i. To tell over by
particulars ; to form an estimate or judgment :
to make an account, or charge to account, with
on ; to be answerable. SYN. To count ; number ;
compute; cast; esteem. See GUESS and CALCU-
LATK.
RECK'ON-ER (rgk'kn-er), n. One who computes.
RECK'ON-ING (rt-k'kn-ing), n. The act of com-
puting ; statement of accounts, also with compari-
son ; charges at an inn, &c. ; bill of expenses ;
estimated place of a ship and its course by log
and compass, &o., called dead reckoning. SYN.
Calculation ; estimation ; charge ; bill.
RE-LAIM', v. t. To claim to have restored; to
call from error, &c. ; to reduce from a wild to a
tame or cultivated state, as beasts, land, &c. ; to
attempt to recover possession. SYN. To reform;
recover ; restore ; correct.
RE-LAIM'A-BLE, a. That may be reclaimed.
RE-!LAIM'ANT, n. One who reclaims or op-
poses.
RE-LA-MA'TION, n. Recovery ; demand ; chal-
lenge of something to be restored.
RE'LI-NATE, a. Reclined, as a leaf; bent down-
BE-LI-NATION, n. Act of leaning or reclining.
RE~6LlN E', v. t. or v. i. To lean back, to one side,
or sidewise ; to rest or repose.
RE-LO$E' (-kloze'), v. t. To shut or close again.
RE--CLCSE', a. Living in retirement ; retired from
the world ; solitary.
RE-LCSE', n. One who lives in seclusion from
society ; a religious devotee.
EE-CLOSE'LY, ad. In retirement or seclusion.
RE-CLUsE'NESS, \ n. A state of re-
RE-LC'SIoN u-e-klu'zhun), j tirement from the
world ; seclusion.
RE-t'LC'-lVE, a. Affording retirement.
RE-t:CHJ'TION (-kok'shuu), n. A second coction
or preparation.
RE-OG-NI"TION (rek-og-n'ish'un), n. Acknow-
ledgment; formal or solemn avowal ; knowledge
confessed or avowed.
RE-OG-NIZ'A-BLE or RE-COG^NI-ZA-BLE, a.
That may be acknowledged.
RE-OG'M-ZANCE (re-kog'ne-zance or re-kon'e-
zance), n. An acknowledgment ; bond of record.
EE(J'OG-MZE (rr-k'og-nlze), v. t. To recollect or
recover the knowledge of; to acknowledge form-
ally ; to admit, as an obligation ; to re-examine.
SYN. To avow; confess; own; allow; concede.
SCC ACKNOWLKDGK.
RE-t'OG-NI-ZEE' (-kog-ne-zee' or -kou-e-zee'), n.
One to whom a recognizance or bond of record is
made.
RE-COG-NI-ZOR/ (-kog-ne-zor / or -kon-e-zor'), n.
One who enters into a bond of record.
RE-OIL', v. t. To move or start back, as a cannon
recoils when fired ; to return, as evil on the per-
petrator ; to shrink, as with terror, &c.
RE-'OIL', n. Movement backward; the reaction
of fire-arms when discharged.
KE-'OIL'ER, n. One who falls back from his pro-
mise or profession ; a revolter.
KE~eOIL'ING, n. The act of shrinking or of start-
ing back from one's promise or profession.
FALL, WHAT ; THKRE, TKUM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MoVB,
j RE-OIL'MENT, n. The act of recoiling.
RE-COIN', v. t. To coin a second time.
SE-eOIN'AGE, n. Act of coining anew; that
which is coined anew.
UEe-OL-LET, v. t. To recall or bring to mind or
memory ; to recover or recall the knowledge of ;
to recognize ; to recover resolution or composure
of mind.
RE-eOL-LET', v. t. To collect
RE-OL-LETION, n. The act or power of re-
calling to the memory. .Recollection differs from
remembrance, as it is the consequence of volition,
or an effort of the mind to recall ideas ; whereas
remembrance implies no such volition. See ME-
MORY.
RE-OL-LET'IVE, a. Having power to recol-
lect.
RC-OM-BlNE', v. t To combine again.
RE-OM-M ENCE', v. t. To begin again.
REfJ-OM-MEND', v. t. To commend to another;
to make acceptable ; to praise another ; to com-
mit witli prayers.
REG-OM-MEND'A-BLE, a. Worthy of praise.
RE-OM-MEND-ATION, n. Act of praising ; that
which commends to favour or procures a kind
reception.
RE-O VJ -M END' A-TORY, a. That recommends.
RE--eOM-MlS'SION (-mish'un), v. t. To commis-
sion again, as officers whose terms of service
have expired.
RE-pM-MlT', v.t. To commit anew, to refer
again to a committee.
RE-OM-M IT'MENT, } n. A second commitment ;
R-OM-MiTTAL, j a renewed reference to a
committee.
RE-'OM-Mtt'M-ATE, v. t. To impart or send
again; to communicate a second time.
RE'OM-PENSE, n. An equivalent returned for
anything done, given, or suffered; a return of
evil or suffering, or other equivalent, as a punish-
ment. SYN. Repayment ; compensation ; re-
muneration ; requital ; satisfaction.
RE'OM-PENSE, v. t. To make a return of an
equivalent i'or any thing done, suffered, <fec.
SYN. To repay; requite; compensate; reward;
remunerate.
RE-GOM-POSE', v. t. To compose or quiet anew.
RE-ON-CIL'A-BLE : a. That may be adjusted or
made to agree.
RE-ON-CIL'A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality or possi-
bility of being made to agree.
REO-ON-CILE', v. t. To conciliate anew ; to bring
to agreement ; to bring to acquiescence ; to make
consistent ; to adjust or compose differences.
SYN. To reunite ; propitiate ; pacify ; appease ;
settle ; harmonize.
RE-ON-CILE'MENT, n. Renewal of friendship ;
friendship renewed.
RE-ON-CIL'ER, n. One who reconciles, brings
parties at variance into renewed friendship, or
who discovers the consistency of propositions,
&c.
RE-ON-CIL-1-A'TION, n. Renewal of friendship ;
act of reconciling parties at variance ; agreement
of things seemingly at variance. SYN. Reunion;
pacification ; harmony.
RE-ON-C1L'I-A-TO-RY, a. Tending to reconcile.
RE-ON'DITE (ve-kon'dit or rek'on-dite), a. Hid-
den from the view or intellect : dealing in things
abstruse. - SYN. Secret; abstruse; profound;
deep; unfathomable.
R-ON-L>CT', v. t. To conduct back.
EE-CON'NOIS-SANCB, n. [JFV.] The examination
of a tract of country, either in warlike movements
or for the purpose of carrying on public wt.'.
canals, rail-roads, &c.
RE-ON-NOITKE, r. t. To survey ; to exam
the eye ; particularly in military afiuirs, to examine
the state o}' an enemy's army or camp, or the
ground for military operations.
RE-GON'QUEll (rc-konk'er), v. t. To coniuer again ,
to recover by conquest.
REC
379
RED
D6VE, WOLF, B9QKJ R^LE, BLL ; Vl"CIOUS. 0.3 K", 6 OS J ; I OS Z ; CH a.S SH; THI3.
RE--eON-SID'ER, t?. f. To consider again; to re- I RE-RClT', n. A newly enlisted soldier; supply oi
scind ; to take into consideration again, as to | any thing wanted.
reconsider a motion in a legislative 1-
RE-ON-SID-ER-ATION, n. Renewed considera-
tion or review in the mind.
RE-eON-STROT', v. t. To construct again ; to re-
build.
R-ON-STROTION, n. The act of constructing
again.
RE-ON-VEY' (re-kon-va';, v. t. To convey back or
a second time, or to a former owner.
RE-ON-VEY'AXCE (-kou-va'ance), n. A transfer-
ring back.
RE-'ORI)', v. i. To write down for the purpose of
preserving an authentic account ; to
enroll ; to imprint deeply on the mind or memory ;
to cause to be remembered.
R'ORD, n. Authentic register or enrolment ;
net of placing on record ; authentic memorial.
Ill :-< 'ORD'ER, n. One who records ; an officer who
registers writings or transactions; sometimes a
judi < s the recorder of a city.
R E--eORD'ER-SHIP, n. Office of recorder.
RE-OUNT', v. t. To relate in detail; to mention
by particulars. SYN. To relate; narrate; re-
hearse ; enumerate ; describe ; recite.
RK-OURSE', n. A going to or application for aid,
&c. ; application of efforts, skill, or labour.
TvE-6V'EK (-kviv'er), v. t. To regain what was
lost; to recover from sickness; to revive from
apparent death ; to gain by reparation ; t ."
title by judgment in a court of law. SYN T . To re-
gain: resume; retrieve; recruit; heal; cure.
RE--eOVEE (-kuv'er), v. i. To regain health after
sickness; to regain a former state or condition
after misfortune; to obtain a judgment in law.
RE-OV'ER-A-BLE, a. That may be recovered or
restored.
BE-6V'ER-Y (-kuv'er-y), n. The act of regaining
any thing lost, as property or health ; capacity of
doing so, as past recovery ; the obtaining by a
judgment of court. SYN. Restoration. Recovery
is active, restoration is passive. I must myself be
instrumental in the recovery of property that is
stolen ; not so in restoration, for which I am wholly
indebted to the act of another.
RE'RE-AN-CY, n. A cowardly yielding.
RE'RE-ANT, o. Proper?;/, crying out; Lence
begging for mercy ; cowardly in battle ; mean-
spirited ; false to trust ; n. one who yields or begs
for mercy in combat ; a coward.
RE'RE-ATE, v. t. To refresh after toil, &e. ; to
take recreation ; to afford pleasurable occupa-
tion ; to delight, &c. SYN. To enliven ; animate;
gratify; amuse; entertain.
RE-RE-ATE', v. t. To create or form an
RE-RE-ATION, n. A forming anew.
l;K< -UE-A'TION, n. Refreshment of strength and
spirits after toil ; amusement; diversion.
RE'RE-A-TlVE, a. Tending to give relief and
animation after labour ; amusing ; diverting.
RE-G'RE-MENT, n. Superfluous matter separated
from that which is useful ; dross.
KE-RE-MENTAL, a. Consisting of dross; re-
fuse.
RE-eRlM'I-NATE, v. t. or v. t. To return one ac-
cusation for another; to charge an accuser
with the same crime or fault.
RE--CRIM-I-NATION, n. The return of one accu-
sation lor another.
RE-GRIM'I-NA-TIVE, o. Retorting accusation.
RE-RIM'I-NA-TOR, n. One who retorts.
RE-eRlM'I-NA-TO-RY, a. Retorting a ch:
RE-RC-DSC'ENT, o. Growing raw, sore, or
painful asrain.
RE-RtlT' (31) (re-krute'), v. i. To pain new sup-
plies of any thing ; to gain health ; flesh; spirits,
&c. ; to raise troops, &c.
EE-CRCIT', v. t. To supply loss or deficiency ; to
supply with new men any deficiency of troops.
SYN. To repair; restore; recover; regain; re-
rieve; enlist.
RE?RtTr'ER7nV One who recruits.
RE-eRUIT'MENT (-krute'ment), n. Act of supply-
ing men for the army, &c.
RE-RYS-TAL-LI-ZA'TION, n. The process of a
second crystallization.
RE-RYS'TAL-LIZE, . t. To crystallize again.
i;i;cT'AN-GLE (r?k'tang-gl), n. A right-angled
parallelogram; in arithmetic, the product of two
i plied into each other. [angles.
RET-ANO'GU-LAK (-ang'gu-lar), a. Having right
\-BLE, a. That may he corrected.
RE-TI-FI-A'TION, n. Act of correcting or re-
iining; in chemistry, the process of refining any
y repeated distillation.
RE'TI-FI-ER, n. He or that which rectifies.
Rfie'TI-F?, v. t. To make right that which is
wrong or false ; to refine by repeated distillation,
<tc. SYN. To correct; better; redress; adjust;
amend, which see.
RE-Tl-Ll.N'K-AL, ) a. Ki-ht-lined; consisting of
RE-TI-LlN'E-AR, ) right lines.
RE'TI-T0DE, n. State ot being right ; upright-
ness in all things. SYN. Justice. Rectitude is one
of the most comprehensive words in our 1;; . .
denoting absolute conformity to the rule .
in principle and practice. Justice refers more
especially to the carrying out of law, and has
been considered by moralists as of three kinds :
(1.) Commutatire justice, which gives every man
his own property, including things pled.
promise, &c. (2.J / justice, which gives
every man his exact deserts. (3.) General justice,
which fulfils all the ends of law, though not in
every case through the precise channels of com-
mutative or distributive justice.
R,E'TOR, n. A ruler or governor ; a minister of a
parish ; a ruling officer of a convent or religious
house ; head master of a public school.
Rll'TqR-"sHFl\ } The office of rect r.
RE-TO'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a rector.
RE6TOR-Y, n. A parish church, parsonage, or
living, with all its rights, tithes, &c. ; a r-
house. [of the large intestines.
RECTUM, n. [L.] In anatomy, t*ue third a-
RE-C-BATION, n. The act of lying down.
RE-UM'BEN-CY, n. A leaning or lying down to
rest; repose.
RE-0M'BENT, o. Being in a reclining po
reposing ; iuactire.
SE-0'PER-A-TIVE, ) a. Pertaining to ot
BE-CC'PKK-A-TO-KY, f ing to recovery.
RE-J0R', v. i. To return to the thought and mind ;
to have recourse ; to occur at stated intervals or
by rule.
RE-0R'RENCE ")n. The returning from time to
RE-0R'REN-CY, j time, as the recurrence of
error; the having recourse; return.
RE-0U'RENT, a. Returning from time to time ;
running back.
RE-tRv'ATE, a. Bent downward.
RE-G0R-VATION, \n. A bending or flexure back-
RE-G0RVI-TY, j ward.
RE-e0RV-l-ROS'TRAL, a. Having the beak bend-
ing upwards.
1! K-< TRV'OUS, a. Bent backward.
i: ! MT >AN-CY, n. Nonconformity.
RE-C'#ANT (-ku'zant), a. Rejecting the supremacy
of the king or conformity to the established rites
of the Clmrch.
SANT, (orrSc'-)n. A nonconformist; apapist.
li HI), a. Of a bright colour like blood.
RED, n. The least refrangible of the primary
colours ; its varieties are various, as scarlet, ver-
million, crimson, pink, magenta, &c.
RE-DAT', v. t. To force ; to bring into shape.
RE-DAN', n. [Fr.l A kind of rampart in the form
of an inverted V having the angle outward.
RED'-BOOK, n. A register of all the persons in the
service of the state.
RED
380
REE
I, fi. &c , long. X, fi, &c., short. - CAKE, PAR, L VST, FALL, WHAT; TIIHRE, TRM ; MARINE, B!RD;
KED'B K EAST, n. The robin. ( RE- DRESS'l VE. a. Tending to redress.
RED'-CHALK, n. A kind of argillaceous iron ore ! RE-DRESS'LESS, a. Having no redress.
used for drawing crayons. RED'-SHOUT, a. Brittle when red-hot.
RKD'DEN (rCd'dn), v. t. or v. i. To make or grow I ED'-START, ~) n. A bird allied to the nightin
red ; to blush.
KVD-DEN'DUM, I L.] Laterally, " to be returned;"
the clause in a lease by which reut, is reserved.
Jt ED'DISII, a. Moderately red.
K KD'DISH-NESS, n. M oclerate redness.
hED-Dl"TION (red-dish' un), n. A returning of
any thing ; restitution ; surrender ; representa-
tion.
RED-DLE. See RTODLE.
RE-DEEM', v. t. To purchase back from sale or
from slavery ; to save by the death of Christ ; to
rescue from the bondage of sin and its penalties ;
to fulfil, as a promise. SYN. To rescue; ransom;
free ; deliver ; save.
RE-DEEM' A-BLE, a. That may be redeemed.
EE-UEEM'A-BLE-NESS, n. The state or quality
of being redeemable.
EE-DEEM'ER, n. One who ransoms; the Lord
Jesus Christ.
RE-DE-LIV'ER, r. t. To deliver again; to liberate
a second time.
KE-DE-LlV'ER-Y, n. A delivering back ; a second
delivery or liberation.
RE-DE-MAND' (6), v. t. To demand again.
RE-DEMP'TION, n. Repurchase of captured gcods
or prisoners ; deliverance from bondage or from
liability to any evil ; liberation of an estate from
mortgage; repurchase of notes, bills, or other
evidence of debt ; the deliverance ot sinners from
the bondage of sin and the penalties of the law by
the death of Christ.
RE-DEMP'TION-ER, n. One who redeems him-
self.
RE-DEMP-TlVE, o. Pertaining to redemption;
redeeming.
BE-DEMPTO-RY, a. Paid for a ransom.
ItED'GUM, . A disease or eruption of red pim-
ples in infancy ; a kind of blight in grain.
RED-HI-B1"TION, n. The returning of a thing to
the person who sold it.
KED'-TAIL, j gale.
RED'-STREAK, a. A kind of apple.
JiEiy-TOP, 71. A well-known species of grass,
valued for hay and pasturage. (U. S.)
RE-DCCE', v. t. Literal!',/, to bring back to a for-
mer state, or to any state or condition, good or
bad; to diminish in size; to bring into subjec-
tion. SYN. To lessen; decrease; shorten; im-
pair ; lower ; subdue.
RE-DCCE'MENT, n. Act of lessening; reduction.
RE-DC'CENT, a. That tends to reduce.
RE-DU'CENT, n. That which reduces.
RE-DOC'ER, n. lie or that which reduces.
RE-DO'CI-BLE, a. That can be reduced.
RE-pU'TION, n. The act of reducing or state of
being reduced, as the reduction of a body to pow-
der ; the act of making or being made less, as the
reduction of expenses; changing different deno-
minations to one, as pounds and shillings to
pence, and vice versa ; the operation of restoring
a dislocated bone to its proper place; the con-
quest of a country, &c. SYN. Decrease ; lessen-
ing; abatement; conquest.
RE-DCTIVE, n. That which has the power of
reducing.
RE-D0TIVE, o. Tending to reduce.
RE-DUN'DANCE, ) n. Superfluous Quantity ; ex-
RE-DON'DAN-CY, ) cess.
RE-DON'DANT, o. Exceeding what is natural or
necessary ; using more words than are needed.
SYN. Superabundant ; superfluous ; excessive ;
! exuberant ; overflowing.
| RE-DUN'DANT-LY, ad. With superfluity or ex-
cess ; superabundantly.
i RE-DC'PLI-CATE, v. t. To double.
| RE-DU-PLI-A'TION, n. The act of doubling.
RfiD'WOOD, n. A tree of immense size and height
j in California.
RE-EH'O (re-ek'o), v. t. or v. i. To echo back
| again ; to return back or be reverberated.
RE'-E-GH'O, n. The echo of an echo.
Restoration to a
REED^N (red'dn), a. Consisting of a reed or
RED'-HOT, a. Red with heat ; heated to redness.
KE'DI-ENT, a. Returning. | REED, n. ' A plant having a hollow, jointed stem ;
RE-DIN'TE-GRATE, M. t. To restore to a perfect _ a. musical pipe ; an arrow ; a weaver's utensil.
state ; to renew.
RE-DIN-TE-GRA'TION,
sound state ; renewal.
RE-DlS-BURSfr, v. t. To repay or refund.
RE-DIS-SEI'ZIN, 71. A writ to recover seizin.
RED'-LEAD, n. Red oxyd of lead, of a 'fine red
colour, used in painting, &c.
RED-LETTER, a. A red-letter day is a fortunate
one, so called because festivals were formerly
marked with red letters in the calendar.
R I-ID'NESS, 71. The quality of being red.
RED'O-LENCE, > c
RED'0-LEN-CY,; "' Sweet scent.
RED'0-LENT, a. Having or diffusing a sweet
scent or odour followed by of.
RE-DOUB'LE (re-diib'bl), v. t. To repeat again or
often ; to increase by repetition or additions.
RE-D6UB'LE (-dub^l), u. i.
much.
RE-DOUBT 7 (re-douf), n. In /orti/icatioTi, gener-
ally, almost any kind of work; particularly a
parapet inclosing a square or other area.
RE-DOUBT' A-BLE (-dout'a-bl), a. Formidable; to
be dreaded.
RE-DOUND', v. i. To be sent, rolled, or driven
back ; to proceed in the consequence or effect ; to
result.
RE-DRAW, v. t. To draw again, or a second draft.
RE-DRESS', v. t. To set right; to deliver from
wrongs or pains, &c. SYN. To relieve ; to amend ;
to repair.
RE-DRESS', n. Remedy for wrong ; that which or
one who gives relief. SYN. Relief ; reparation ;
indemnification; amendment; remedy.
RE-DRESS'ER, ?i. One who gives relief.
reeds.
RE-En-I-FI-eATIOiSr, n. Act or operation of re-
building ; state of being rebuilt.
RE-EDT-FY, v. t. To build again ; to rebuild after
destruction.
REED'ING, n. A number of beaded mouldings
joined as in jambs, picture-frames, &c. ; the draw-
ing through'the den'.s of weavers' reeds.
REED'Y, o. Full of reeds; having the quality of
a reed in tones, that is, harsh and thick.
REEF, v. t. To draw in and fold sails.
REEF, n. Fold of a sail ; a chain of rocks near the
surface of water ; a cutaneous eruption.
REEF'Y, a. Full of reefs or rocks.
REEK, n. The vapour of moist substances ; steam ;
used sometimes for rick.
To become twice as | REEK, v. t. To send forth steam or vapour.
REEK'Y, o. Soiled with smoke or steam ; foul.
REEL, 7v. A frame to wind yarn on; an instru-
ment on which seamen wind various lines, as log-
lines, &c. ; an angler's machine for winding up his
line when the fish is caught ; a lively dancf pecu-
liar to Scotland.
REEL, v. t. To gather yarn from the spindle.
REEL, v. i. To stagirer ; to vacillate in walkinv.
RE-E-LET', v. t. To elect a second time.
R-E-LE'TION, n. Election a second time, or a
repeated election.
RE-EL-I-GI-BIL'I-TY, n. The capacity of being
elected to the same office.
RE-EL1-GI-BLE, a. That may be ro- :
REEL'ING, n. The operation of winding off yarn,
thread, fee.
RE-EM-BAR1T, v. t. or v. \. To embark again.
REE
381
REF
D<">VK, W,'LF, B9QK; BtfLE, BLL ; Vl"CIOU8.
KE-EM-BAR-KA'TION, n. A putting on board, or
a going on board again.
R-EM-BOD'Y, v. t. To embody again.
REEM'ING, n. The opening of the seams of a ves-
sel for the purpose of calking.
EE-EN-A43T, v. t. To enact a second time.
KE-EN-ATMENT, i. The renewal of a law.
EE-EN-FOECE', v. t. To strengthen with fresh
forces, but particularly to strengthen an army or
a fort with additional troops.
EE-EN-FOUCE', n. Part of a cannon near the
breech, which is stronger than the rest.
EE-EN-FOECE'MENT, n. Additional supply any
augmentation of strength or force by somut
iidd.-d : iVosh assistance or force.
EE-EN-GAGE', v. t. To engage a second time.
RE-EN -LIST, v. t. To enlist a second time.
RE EN-LISTMENT, n. A second enlistment.
BE-ENTEB, v, t. To enter again ; in engraving, to
pass the graver into the incisions not enough bit-
ten by the aquafortis, so as to deepen them.
EE-ENTEB-ING, a. Entering in return ; applied
to angles that point inward, or opposed to salient
angles in fortitieu' [throne.
EE-EN-THRONE', v. t. To place again on the
< FRANCE, 71. Act of entering again.
EEER'MOUSE, n. A bat. [or confirm
EE-ES-TAB'LISH, v. t. To establish a a in; to fix
EE-ES-TAB'LISH-MENT, n. The act of establish-
ing again; the state of being established again;
renewed confirmation.
EEEVE, n. An officer, steward, or governor, as
shire-reeve, t. e. sheriff.
REEVE, v. t. To pass the end of a rope through a
block, thimble, &c.
BE-EX-AM'IX-A-BLE, o. That may be examined
again or reconsidered.
.-AM-IN-A'TION, n. A second examination.
EE-EX-AM'lNE, f. t. To examine again.
RE-EX-CHANGE', n. Eenewed exchange : in com-
merce, the expense on a dishonoured bill of ex-
change or draft returned to that country in which
it was drawn or indorsed.
EE-EX-POET, v. t. To export again; to export
what has been imported.
EE-EX-POET', n. Any commodity exported again.
RE-EX-POE-TA'TION, 71. The act of exporting
what has been imported.
EE-FASH'ION (re-fSsh'un) v. t. To form or mould
into shape again.
EE-FEe'TION, n. Refreshment or a spare meal,
especially after hunger or fatigue.
BE-FECmtVE, a. Producing refreshment or tend-
ing to restore.
EE-FEC'TIVE, n. That which refreshes.
KK-FECTO-EY, n. A place of refreshment ; one,
especially in convents and monasteries, where a
moderate repast is taken.
EE-FEL', v. t. To refute; to repress.
EE-FEE', v. t. or v. i. To direct, leave, or deliver
over to another person or tribunal for informa-
tion or decision ; to asign, as to a certain order,
genus, or class ; to have relation ; to have respect
to by intimation without naming. SYN. To send ;
leave to ; appeal ; recur ; respect ; allude,
i- A-BLE, a. That may be referred.
!t-EE', n. One to whom a matter is re-
ferred ; particularly, a person appointed by a
court to examine and decide a case pending be-
fore it, and make report to the court. Set JUDGE.
SEF'EE-ENCE, n. Act of referring ; hearing be-
fore referees ; view toward ; allusion to ; a small
letter placed at the top of a line for all "i ding to a
note ; a memorandum of a passage ci
BEJF-ER-ENTIAL (-shal), a. That contains are-
nee or points to something out of itself.
It K-FKIt'KI-liLE, a. That may be referred.
KE-FINE', v. t. or v. i. To clear from impurities;
to improve in accuracy, delicacy, or any thing
that constitutes excellence ; to become pure or
clear from feculent matter. SYN. To defecate;
clarify ; purify ; separate ; polish, f.c.
-e as K ; 6 oa J ; as z ; OH as SH ; rma.
UE-FINM)' (-find'), o. Freed from extraneous
matter, alloy, or impurities ; separata! from what
is coarse, rude, or improper. SY^. Purified ;
cleared; polished; polite.
RE-FIN'ED-LY, ad. With affected nicety.
RE-FIN'ED-NESS, n. State of being purified ; re-
finement ; affected nicety.
EE-FINE'MENT, n. The act of purifying or clear-
ing from extraneous matter ; the state of being
pure ; polish of language ; purity of taste ; purity
of heart ; polish of manners ; artificial practice ;
affectation of nicety. SYN. Purification ; polish ;
politeness; gentility; courtliness; purity; culti-
vation.
EE-FIN'ER, n. He or that which refines.
EE-PIN'EE-Y, n. A place and apparatus for re-
fining metals.
EE-FlNINQ, n. The art or act of purifying any
thing ; the separation of metals from their ores,
&c. ; the use of too much subtility ; great nicety
of speculation.
RE-FIT', v. t. To repair or restore after damage.
RE-FlT'MENT, n. A second fitting out.
EE-FLET, v. t. To throw back ; to cause to re-
turn after striking upon any surface, as light;
r. i. to throw back light, heat, &c. ; to bend back ;
to throw or turn back the thoughts upon the
past operations of the mind or past events ; to
consider attentively ; to bring reproach. SYN.
To think ; meditate ; contemplate ; ponder ;
muse ; ruminate; censure.
RE-FLEGT'I-BLE, a. That may be reflected or
thrown back.
RE-FLECTTNG, a. Throwing back light or heat,
&c. ; given to reflection or serious consideration.
EE-FLE-C'TION, n. A turning back after striking
upon any surface ; act of throwing back ; that
which is thrown back, &c. ; the operation of the
mind by which it turns the thoughts back on
itself; thought thrown back on itself or its ex-
pression ; attentive consideration ; reproach cast.
SYN. Meditation ; contemplation ; cogitation ;
musing ; thinking ; censure.
EE-FLECTIVE, a. Throwing back; considering
things past, &c.
EE-FLE-CTOR, n. One who reflects or considers ;
a polished surface of metal for transmitting rays
of light, heat, sound, &c. ; a part of a stove or
fire-apparatus.
EE'FLEX, o. Directed backward, as a reflex action ;
designating the parts of a painting illuminated by
light from another part of the same picture.
RE-FLEX-I-BIL'I-TY, n. The quality which fits
for being reflected.
EE-FLEX'I-BLE, a. That may be thrown back.
RE-FLEX'lVE, n. That respects something past.
EE-FLEX'iVE-LY, ad. In a backward direction ;
with a regard to censure or reproach.
EE-FLO-RES'CENCE, n. A blossoming again.
EEF'LU-ENCE, ) . ~ , ,
EEF'LU-EN-CYJ n ' A flowing back.
EEF'LU-ENT, a. Flowing back; ebbing.
RE'FLUX, n. A flowing back ; ebb ; the returning
of a fluid.
EE-FO-MENT, v. t. To foment again; to excite
anew ; to warm or cherish again.
RE-FORM', . t. or v. i. To change from bad to
good, or from worse to better ; to bring back to a
former good estate, or from a bad estate to a good
one ; to abandon that which is evil, and to return
to a good state ; to form or create again ; to be
amended. SYN. To correct; mend; repair; bet-
ter ; restore ; reclaim ; amend, which see.
RE-FORM', v. A changing for the better, or from
what is defective or vicious, &c. SYN. Amend-
ment ; correction ; rectification ; improvement ;
reformation, which see.
REF-OR-MA'TION, n. The act of forming anew ;
the act of changing for the better, as in life.
ners, doctrine, &c. SYN. Eeform. Eefori,
is a more thorough and comprehensive change
than reform. It is applied to subjects that are
KEF
i, ft, &c., lojig. 1, &, &c., short. cisa, FAR, LAST,
more important, and results in changes which are
more lasting. T v.iblish-
ment of the primitive principles of Christianity in
sixteenth century, by Luther and others.
RE-FORM'A-TlVE, > ..<. Forming agaia; having
EE-FOBM'A-TO-KY, j the quality
form ; tending to promote or produce retorma
tion ; n. a penitentiary.
EE-FOEM'ER, n. One who effects a reformation or
amendment; one of those who commenced the
reformation of religion from popery.
EE-FOEM'IST, n. One of the reformed religion;
one who proposes or favours reforms.
E-FOU'TI-FY, v. t. To fortify again.
EE-FOS'SION (-fosh'un), n. Act of digging up.
EE-FRAOT', v. t. To break the natural course of
rays of light ; to cause to deviate from a direct
course. [as light.
EE-FEACJT'ING, a. Turning from a direct course,
liE-FRA'TION, n. Deviation from a direct course
on entering a medium of different density, as rays
of light.
EE-FEA-GTlVE, a. That has power to refract;
pertaining to refraction.
RE-FEAT'O-EI-NES3, n. Sullen obstinacy; in
metals, difficulty of fusion.
EE-FRAT'O-RY, a. Perverse in opposition; dif-
ficult to be managed ; difficult of fusion, as metals.
SYN. Obstinate; contumacious; ungovernable;
stubborn; unyielding.
EEF'EA-GA-BLE or RE-FRAG'A-BLE, a. That
may be refuted or disproved ; refutable.
KE-FRAIN', v. t. or v. i. To hold back ; to keep
from action; to keep one's self from action. SYN.
To abstain ; forbear.
EE-FEAIN', n. The burden of a song or return to
the first part.
RE-FRAN'GI-BIL'I-TY, n. The disposition or
quality in rays of light of being refracted or turned
from a direct course in passing out of one me-
dium into another.
RE-FRAN'GI-BLE, a. That may be refracted.
I.:-FRSH', v. t. or v. i. To make cool ; to give new
strength, relief, animation, life or improvement.
SYN. To revive ; cheer ; reanimate ; enliven ;
recreate.
RE-FRESH'ER, n. He or that which revives, in-
vigorates, &c.
RE-FRESH'ING, n. Relief after pain, want, or
fatigue ; aid or enlivenment, &c.
KE-FRSH'MENT, n. Act of refreshing; relief
after suffering, fatigue, or want ; that which gives
fresh strength or vigour ; new life or animation
after depression. SYN. Food; rest; repose;
quiet ; peace ; comfort ; sympathy, &c.
RE-FRIG'ER-ANT, o. Having the quality or tend-
ency to allay heat ; cooling ; refreshing.
EE-1- EIG'ER-ANT, n. A medicine that abates heat
or cools.
RE-FElG'EE-ATE, v. t. To allay or abate heat ; to
cool; to refresh.
EE-FRlG-ER-ATION, n. Act of cooling; abate-
ment of heat ; state of being cooled.
EE-FlllG'ER-A-TlVE, n. A remedy that allays
heat ; a. that tends to cool.
EE-FRlG'E R-A-TOB, n. An air-tight box for keep-
ing articles cool by means of ice ; an apparatus
for rapid condensation of vapour, or cooling of
liquids by cold water, &c.
EE-FEIG'EE-A-TO-EY, n. That which cools; a
vessel for cooling and condensing vapours ; any
thing internally cooling.
EE-FKlG'EE-A-TO-EY, a. That mitigates heat.
EEFT.n. A chink. See RIFT.
l^EF'CGE, n. Protection or shelter from danger or
distress ; that which shelters or protects, &c. ;
any place inaccessible to an enemy, or expedient
to secure protection or defence. SYN. Shelter ;
asylnm ; retreat ; covert ; stronghold.
REF-U-GEE', n. One who flees tor safety to a
shelter, or to a foreign country or power for pro-
tection.
3S2 REG
'ALL, WII^T; THRE, TBKM; MAHINE, Btno; MOVB,
EE-FOL'GENCE, ) n. A flood of light : splen-
EE-FCTL'GEN-CY,]" dour.
EE-FOL'GENT, a. Casting a bright light ; very
bright; splendid.
RE-FOL'GENT-LY, ad. With great brightness.
RE-FOND', v.t. To pay back. SYN. Repay; re-
store; return.
RE-FCND'ING, n. A returning of payment 01
compensation.
EE-FUS'A-BLE (-fuz'a-bl), a. That may be re-
fused.
EE-FO'$AL, a. The act of refusing or of denying
any thing asked or offered ; right of first choice ;
choice of taking or refusing. SYN. Denial ; re-
jection ; option ; pre-emption.
RE-FCSE' (-fuze'), v. t. or v. i. To deny a request,
&c.; to decline to do. grant, or accept; not to
comply.
EEF'USE (refyuse), a. Worthless; of no value;
n. worthless remains ; that which is rejected as
useless. SYN. Dregs; scum ; dross; trash; sedi-
ment, [fuses
EE-FOS'EE (-fu'zer), n. One who rejects or re-
RE-FOTA-BLE (or rSf-), a. That may be refuted.
REF-U-TA'TION, n. Act or process or refuting, or
of proving to be false or erroneous; disproof;
confutation.
EE-FO'TA-TO-EY, a. That tends to refute.
EE-FOTE', v. t. To prove to be false or erroneous
by argument, &c SYN. To disprove; vanquish;
repel ; confute, which see.
EE-GAIN', v. t. To obtain again any thing lost or
escaped, &c. SYN. Recover; repossess ; retrieve ;
reobtain; reattain.
EE'GAL, a. Pertaining to a king ; royal, as a regal
title. Set KIXGLY.
EE-GALE', n. A magnificent entertainment.
EE-GALE', v. t. or v. i. To furnish something that
delights, charms, or pleases the senses or taste ;
to fare sumptuously. SYN. To refresh; enter-
tain ; gratify.
EE-GALE'MENT, n. Eefreshment; entertain-
ment.
RE-GA'LI-A, n. pi. Ensigns of royalty ; the appar-
atus of a coronation, as the crown, sceptre, &c. ;
the privileges of a king; patrimony granted by a
king to a church.
EE-GAL'I-TY, n. The state of royalty ; kingship.
EE'GAL-LY, ad. As befits a sovereign. SYN.
Royally ; kingly ; splendidly.
EE-GARD', v. t. To look toward; to observe or
attend to as worthy of notice, esteem, &c. ; to
consider seriously ; to notice favourably ; to
esteem. SYN. To observe; heed ; respect ; value.
EE-GAED', n. Attention of the mind with inter-
est ; that view of the mind which springs from
estimable qualities or what excites admiration;
eminence ; matter demanding notice. SYN. Con-
sideration ; care ; concern ; esteem ; attachment ;
respect, which see.
EE-GARD' A-BLE, a. Worthy of notice.
KE-GARD'ANT, a. In heraldry, looking behind.
EE-GARD'E R, n. One who regards or observes.
EE-GAED'FUL, a. Taking notice ; observing with
care. SYN." Mindful ; heedful ; observant ; at-
tentive.
RE-GARD'LESS, a. Not looking or attending to.
SYN. Inattentive; heedless; careless; negli-
gent ; indifferent.
RE-GARD'LESS-LY, ad. With want of due re-
gard ; heedlessly ; carelessly.
EE-GAED'LESS-NESS, n. The state, tendency, or
act of the mind in neglecting, slighting, &c.
SYN. Negligence; inattention; carelessness;
EE-GATH'EE, v. t. To gather a second time.
RE-GATTA, n. [It] A boat-race for prizes or
amusement.
E'GEN-CY, n. Government by, or the state or
condition of a regent ; men intrusted with vicari-
ous government ; the district under the jurisdic-
tion of a vicegerent.
383
KEF
t J-J-V.TiWV A AJ , f. I. J.^' iWACOUU-ia , All IflUOVIlf ey, UULU-tt.U
off the surface of an old hewn stone and give it a
fresh appearance.
RE-GRATER, n. One who buys or forestalls pro-
visions at the market or fair.
RE-GRATING, n. The process of removing the
outside of an old hewn stone to make it look new.
BE'GRESS, n. The act or power of returning ; a
-ing back.
RE-GRES3', v. i. Togo back; to return to a for-
mer place or state.
RE-GRS'SION (-gresh'un),n. Act of passing back
SS'IVE, a. Passing back; returning.
RE-GRET, 71. Pain of mind at something unto-
ward; sorrow for the past. SYN. Remorse; re-
pentance. We do not now apply the word re<jrei
to that sorrow for the past which involves a sense
of guilt; this belongs to remorse or re]
We regret the loss or absence of friends, &c. ; but
the word is now more commonly applied to the
pain we feel for lost opportunities or for early
follies, carelessne-
WOLF, HOOK j uCLE, BELL; vl"cious. -e as K; G as j ; s as z ; cu as six ; IHIS.
BE-GEN'ER-A-CY, 71. The state of being regen-
erat
; ATE, v. t. To reproduce or make
anew; to form into a new or better state; tore-
new or change the heart by implanting a holy
principle in it. .Si
KE-GEN'EK-ATE, a. Born anew; c
a natural to a spiritual state ; born by grace.
RE-GEN'ER-ATE-NESS, n. The state or quality
of being rc^
RE-GEN-EIi-ATION, n. The new birth; act of
forming into a new and better state; cli
heart by the Holy Spirit from enmity to God to
love. ; uce.
:.N'EK-A-T1VE, a. Causing or tending to
'uce regeneration.
UE-GEN'ER-A-TO-RY, a. Renewing; tending to
reproduce or renovate.
K E'GENT, n. One who governs in the place of a
:; a ruler.
RE'GENT, a. Ruling for another; exercising vica-
rious authority.
RE'GENT-SHIP, n. The power of governing or the
office of a reu'ent ; deputed authority.
. I ': K'MI-.N ATE, v. i. To germinate again.
I -CIDE, n. The killer or killing of a k
UE-GUlEf (ri-zhoem'), n. [Fr.] Prescribed mode
of livi. - iment; administration.
REG'I-MEN, n. The regulation of diet with a view
to the preservation of health ; any regulation or
remedy gradually beneficial ; in grammar, that
part of syntax which regulates the government
of words ; the words governed.
REG'I-MENT, n. A body of troops, usually eight
or ten companies, commanded by a colonel or
lieutenant-colonel.
REG-I-MENTAL, a. Belonging to a regiment.
REG-I-MENTALS, n. pi. The uniform of a regi-
ment ; more generally, military uniform.
K'E'GION (rejun), n. A tract of land or space,
usually of considerable extent ; the inhabitants of
a country. SYN. District ; country ; territory.
REG'IS-TER, H. The leading idea is that of marfc-
in<j, and so of recording or regulating ; hence, a
book of records or the keeper thereof; a custom-
house document identifying a vessel ; the term is
also applied to various contrivances in machin-
ery, as the register of an organ, of a stove, &c. See
LIST.
- TER, v. t. To record; to write in a book
for preserving an exact account of facts and pro-
ceedings ; to enrol ; to enter in a list .
--SHIP, n. The office of a register.
S-TRAR, n. An officer who keeps public re-
cords ; the place where such records are kept.
REG-IS-TRATION, n. Act of registering.
--TRY, u. A registering; facts recorded;
the place where a register is kept ; a series of
facts recorded.
RH'GI-US PRO-FESS'OR, n. A name given to in-
cumbents of professorships established by royal
bounty.
REG'LET, n. A slip of metal; a ledge of wool to
separate lines in printing, and make the work
more open, now generally called leads.
RfiG'NANT, a. Exercising regal authority, as
queen regnant; reigning; prevalent.
RE-GORGE', v. t. To eject from the stomach ; to
swallow again ; to swallow eagerly.
RE-GRANT (6), v. t. To grant back to a former
owner.
RE-GRATE', . t. To forestall; in masonry, to take
: i/F, v. t. To fuel sorrow for ; to grieve at.
SYN. To lament; sorrow; repent; bewail; be-
moan.
KE-GRfiTTLTL, a. Affected with regret.
REG'C-LAR, a. Conformed to rule ; governed by
rules ; steady or uniform in course or practice ;
in geometry, noting a figure whose sides aii'l
angles are equal ; as applied to troops, permanent
or of the standing army. SYN. Established ; me-
thodical ; orderly ; periodical ; uniform ; normal,
which see.
REG'C-LAR, n. A monk ; a permanent soldier.
REG-tJ-LAR'I-TY, n. Airreeablness to rule; esta-
blished or certain order; conformity to certain
principles; steadiness in a course. SYN. Order;
method; exactness; steadiness.
REG'GVLAR-LY, ad. Methodically; statedly.
REG'0-LATE, v. t. To adjust by rule ; to subject
to rules ; to put in order. SYN. To dispose ; me-
thodize ; arrange ; order ; rule ; govern.
REG-C-LA'TION, n. Act of adjusting by rule; a
prescribed rule or order. See LAW.
REG'Cr-LA-TlVE, a. Tending to regulate.
REGTJ-LA-TOR, n. One who regulates; in me-
chanics, a contrivance to produce uniformity of
motion or regulate it, as a watch spring, &c.,
called also governor.
REG'P-LIZE, v. t. To reduce to a pure metal ; to
separate from extraneous matter.
REG'fJ-LUS, 71. In chemistry, pure metal ; in as-
tronomy, a large star in Z,eo, called also the Lion's
heart.
RE-G0R'GI-TATE, v. t. or v. i. To throw or pour
back; to be poured back.
RE-GUR-GI-TA'TION, n. A pouring back ; the act
of swallowing back.
RE-HA-BIL'I-TATE, v. t. To reinstate ; to restore
to former rank or privileges.
RE-HEAR', v. t. To hear or try a second time
RE-IIEARTNG, n. A second hearing or trial
RE-HEARS' AL (13) (-hers'al), n. A telling or re-
counting, as of particulars in detail ; reci
piece before a public exhibition of it ; repetition
of the words of another or a written work, as the
-..a! of the Lord's Prayer.
RE-HEARSE' (13), (-herse), v. t. To tell in detail;
to repeat the words of another or of a passage ; to
give an oral account of events, &c. ; to repeat in
private before public exhibition. SYN. To recite ;
recount; describe; narrate; tell; detail.
REI'GLE (re'gl), n. A cut or channel for a guide.
UEIGN (rane), v. i. To rule as a king or Emperor;
to be predominant or hold sway. SYN. Direct;
govern ; control ; prevail.
REIGN (rane), n. Royal authority or government ;
controlling influence; the time a sovereign's
authority lasts SYN. Rule; empire; dominion;
kingdom; power; influence; prevalence.
REIGN'ING (rane'-), a. Holdingor exercising su-
preme power ; prevailing ; governing.
UK-IL-LO'MlNE, ") v. t. To enlighten again, or
KE-IL-LU'MIN-ATE, ) anew.
RE-IM-BCRSE', v. t. To replace in a treasury or a
private coffer ; to repair loss or damage by repay-
ment. SYN. Refund ; repay ; make up ; restore.
R-IM-B0RSE'MKNT, n. Repayment; the act of
repaying or refunding ; reparation.
UE-IM-BURS'ER, TI. One who refunds or repays.
REIN (rane), n. Strap of a bridle fastened to the
curb or snaffle to restrain and govern the horse
by ; any instrument of curbing or restraining.
HEI
384
EEL
A. f , Arc , long. I, fi, &c., short. CARK, JAR, LAST,
REIN (rane), v. t. To guide by reins; to re-
strain.
REIN'DEER (rane'deerj, n. A species of deer in
the north of Europe, Asia, and America.
REIN-FECTA. [L.j The thing not being done.
RE-IN-FOKCE'. See RE-ENFORCE.
REIN'LESS (raneless), a. Without rein; without
restraint. SYN. Uncurbed; uncontrolled; unre-
strained ; unchecked.
RE-IN-LlST'. See RE-KSLIST.
REINS (ranz), n. pi. The kidneys or lower part of
the back ; in -Scripture, the inward parts ; the
heart, or seat of the affections and passions.
RE-IN-SfiRT (13), v. t. To insert again.
RE-IN-STAL', v. t. To instal again.
RE-IN-STAL'MENT, n. An instalment a second
time.
RE-IN-STATE', v. t. To restore to a state or pos-
session from which one had been removed.
RE-IN-STATE'MENT, n. The act of putting into
a former state or of re-establishing.
RE-IN-SCR'ANCE, n. Insurance of property al-
ready insured.
RE-IN-SORE, v. t. To insure a second time.
RE-IN'TE-GRATE. See REDINTEGRATE.
RE-IN-VEST', v.t. To invest anew.
RE-IN-VEST'MENT, n. The act of investing anew ;
a second investment.
RE-IN-VlG'OR-ATE, v. t. To renew vigour in.
REIS EF-FEN'DI (reez ef-fen'de), n. A Turkish
minister of state.
RE-IS'SCE (re-ish'shu), v. t. To issue a second
time.
RE-lS'StTE, n. The act of issuing a second time;
that which is issued again.
RE-lT'ER-ATE, v. t. To go over again; to dwell
upon. SYN. To repeat. To repeat is to utter or
express a second time ; to reiterate is to repeat
again and again, as "He was not satisfied with
repeating his declaration, but went on to reiterate
it in various forms."
EE-IT-ER-A'TION, n. Act of frequent repetition j
repetition.
RE-jEC/T 7 , v. t. To throw away as useless, &c. ; to
cast off; to refuse to receive, grant, or accept.
SYN. To discard ; repel ; slight ; dismiss ; de-
cline ; renounce, &c.
RE-JE-GTA-BLE, a. That may be rejected.
EE-JECTA-MEN-TA [L.] n. pi. Things thrown
out v or away.
RE-JET'ER, n. One who rejects or refuses.
RE-JE-GTION (-jek'shuu), n. Act of casting off;
refusal to receive or grant. SYN. Dismission;
refusal ; renunciation ; forsaking ; repulse ; slight,
Ac.
RE-JOICE', v. i. or v. t. To experience joy and
gladness in a high degree; to make joyful; to
animate or to be exhilarated with pleasurable sen-
sations. SYN. To delight ; exult ; triumph ;
gladden ; exhilarate ; cheer.
RE- JOIC'ING, n. Act of expressing joy ; the sub-
ject of joy ; the experience of joy.
RE- JOIC'ING- LY, ad. With joy or exultation.
RE-JOIN', v. t. or v. t. To join or meet again; to
answer to a reply.
RE-JOIN'DER, 7i. A reply to an answer; in laic,
the defendant's answer to the plaintiff's replica-
tion. See REPLY.
RE-JOINT', v. t. To reunite joints ; to fill up old
joints of walls with fresh mortar.
RE- JOINTING, n. The filling up with mortar of the
old joints of stones in dilapidated buildings.
RE-JODGE', v. t. To judge again ; to review.
RE-JU-VE-NES'CENCE, n. A renewing of youth ;
the state of being young again.
RE-KlN'DLE, v. t. To kindle or inflame again ; to
set on fire or rouse anew.
RE-LAND', v. t. To land again; to put on land
what had been shipped or embarked.
RE-LAPSE', v. i. To fall back; to return to a for-
FALL, WHAT ; THfiBB, TBEM ; MAR!NR, Btao ; MOVE.
mer state, practice, or error, or fall back from
convalescence. SYN. To backslide; decline.
RE-LAPSE', n. A falling back; return to vice 01
illness.
RE-LATE', v. t. To narrate, orally or in writing,
the particulars of an event ; to ally by connection
or kindred. SYN. To tell; recite; rehearse; re-
count ; describe ; report ; detail.
RE-LATE', v. i. To have reference or respect.
SYN. To regard; refer to; respect.
RE-LAT'ED. a. Allied by kindred; connected by
blood, or alliance, chiefly by consanguinity.
RE-LAT'ER, n. One who recites or narrates.
RE-LA'TION, n. The act of telling or going over
particulars ; that which is told ; connection be-
tween things ; what one thing is in regard to an-
other ; conformity of parts to the whole and to
each other ; connection by birth, marriage, &c.
SYN. Recital ; account ; narration : tale ; descrip-
tion; detail; affinity; analogy; kindred; kins-
man.
RE-LA'TION- AL, a. Having connection.
RE-LA'TION-SHIP, n. State of being related by
kindred ; affinity, or other alliance.
REL'A-TIVE, a. Having relation ; respecting ;
not absolute or existing by itself ; incident to man
in society, as relative rights and duties.
REL'A-TiVE, n. One allied by blood; that which
has relation to something else ; relation ; in gram-
mar, a word which relates to or represents an-
other word, called its antecedent.
REL'A-TiVE-LY, ad. In relation or respect to
something else ; not absolutely.
REL'A-TIVE-NESS, n. The having relation.
RE-LAT'OR, n. One who, in law, brings an infor-
mation in the nature of a quo warranto.
RE-LAX', v. t. or v. i. To make less tense, close or
firm, severe or rigorous ; to labour less earnestly ;
to relieve from close attention or from constipa-
tion ; to draw out or lay open ; to become more
mild, less severe or attentive. SYN. To slacken;
remit; abate; loosen; mitigate; ease; divert;
unbend.
RE-LAX'A-BLE, a. That may be remitted.
RE-LAX-ATION, n. The act of slackening ; ces-
sation of restraint ; abatement ; remission of at-
tention or application ; an opening or loosening.
RE-LAX'A-TlVE, a. Tending or having the qua-
lity to relax.
RE-LAY' (-la'), n. Horses kept to relieve others
and prevent delay in travel.
RE-LAY', v. t. To lay a second time.
RE-LEAS'A-BLE (-leece'a-bl), a. That may be re-
RE-LEASE', v. t. To free from restraint, obliga-
tion, or penalty; to quit, claim or relinquish a
right to lands or tenements by conveying it to
another. SYN. To free; liberate; loose; dis-
charge ; acquit, &c.
RE-LEASE', n. Liberation from restraint, care, or
any burden ; a quiet claim ; discharge from ob-
ligation or responsibility f acquittance. 6'es
DEATH.
RE-LEASETMENT, . Act of releasing from con-
finement or obligation.
RE-LEAS'ER, n. One who releases or dismisses.
REL'E-GATE, v. t. To exile ; to banish.
REL-E-GA'TION, n. Act of banishment.
RE-LENT, v. i. To soften in temper ; to become
mild ; to feel compassion .
RE-LENT'LESS, a. Unmoved by pity ; insensible
to the distress of others ; destitute of tenderness.
SYN. Unpitying; implacable; unmerciful; piti-
less; cruel.
RE-LES-SEE', n. One to whom a release is made.
RE-LE3-SOR', n. One who executes a release.
REL'E-VANCE. ") n. The state of being relevant,
REL'E-VAN-CY,) or of affording relief or aid.
SYN. Pertinence ; applicableness ; fitness ; pro-
priety; appositeness.
REL'E-VANT, a. Lending aid or support ; having
applicableness, as an argument; sufficient to
EEL
385
HEM
D6VE, WOLF, D9QKJ R^LE, BLL ; Vl"CIOUS.
Support a cause. SYN. Believing ; pertinent ; fit;
proper ; applicable ; suitable ; appropriate.
BE-Ll-A-BlL'I-TY, \n. The state of being re-
EE-LI'A-BLE-NESS, j lied on.
KE-LI'A-BLE, a. That may be relied on or trusted.
RE-LI'ANCE, n. Rest or repose of the mind
caused by full belief in one's veracity or integrity,
or the certainty of a fact. SYN. Trust; depen-
dence ; confidence ; faith, &c.
EEL'LG, n. That which remains or is left after
decay or loss of the rest ; a dead body, remains,
or something kept as an object of religious venera-
tion, generally used in the plural, relics.
RELTGT, n. A woman whose husband is dead.
ELMJEF (re-leef), n. Removal of evil of any
kind that afflicts the body or mind ; that which
mitigates or removes pain, &c. ; the release from
some post of duty, as of a sentinel ; the promin-
ence of a figure above the ground or plane, as in
sculpture. SYN. Redress ; alleviation; mitiga-
tion ; succour ; aid, &c.
EE-LIEV'A-BLE (-leev'a-bl), a. That may be re-
lieved.
EE-LIEVE' (-leev'), v. t. To ease from pain or em-
barrassment ; to alleviate or remove suffering ; to
release from any post or station ; to set free from
any burden, &c. ; to abate inconvenience ; to
afford aid; in painting, to set off by contrast.
STK. To aid; help; free; lighten; remedy; re-
dress.
RE-LIEV'ER, n. One that relieves.
/;'FO(re-lee'vo),n. [It.] Kelief; prominence
of a figure in statuary, &c. ; apparent prominence
in painting.
EE-LlG'ION (re-lld'jun), n. The performance of
those duties which we owe to God; a system of
fuith and worship. SYN. Piety; sanctity. Eeli-
gion (from re and lego) is that high sense of moral
obligation which binds the heart of man to the
service of his Maker ; piety (from the Latin pietas)
first expressed the feelings of a child towards a
parent, and was hence used for that filial senti-
ment of veneration and love which we owe to the
Father of all ; sanctit y denotes that purity of heart
and life which springs from habitual communion
with God and a sense of his continual presence.
EE-LIG'ION-ISM, 71. The practice of religion; ad-
herence to religion.
RE-LlG'ION-IST, n. A bigot to any system of
faith.
RE-LIG10US (-M'jus), a. Pertaining to religion ;
devoted to or teaching religion; containing the
subjects or doctrines and precepts of religion;
characterized by exactness and strictness ; en-
gaged by vows to a monastic life; appropriated
to the performance of sacred duties. SYN. Pious ;
godly ; devout ; holy ; consecrated.
EE-LIG'IOUS-LY (-lld'jus-ly), ad. With love and
reverence to God ; in obedience to the divine
commands ; with veneration, &c. SYN. Piously ; i
devoutly ; sacredly ; exactly ; strictly.
RE-LlG'IOUS-NESS, n. The quality or state of
being religious.
RE-LIN'QUISH (re-link' wish), v. t. To withdraw
from; to give up claim to SYX. To quit; for-
sake ; forego ; renounce ; abandon ; also resign,
which see.
RE-LlN'QUISH-ER, n. One who leaves, gives up,
or quits, &c
EE-LlN'QUISH-MENT, n. The act of quitting
or leaving ; the renouncing a claim to, &c.
RL'I-QUA-RY, n. A small chest, box, or casket
in which relics are kept.
REL-IQUE' (rel-eek'), n. A relic. See RELIC.
REL'I-QUI-&, [L.]n.pl. The remains of the dead ;
organic remains.
EEL'ISH, n. A pleasing taste ; that sensation of
the organs experienced when we take food or I
drink of an agreeable flavour ; the faculty of per-
ceiving excellence ; something taken to increase
appetite. SYN. Taste ; flavour; zest ; savour ; de-
light.
as K j A as J ; s as z j CH as SH ; SHIS.
RELISH, v. t. or v. i. To give flavour ; to like the
taste of; to be gratified with the enjoyment or
use of; to have a pleasant taste or flavour ; to
give pleasure.
RfiL'ISH-A-BLE, a. That may be relished.
RE-LOAN' (-lone'), v. t. To lend a second time.
RE-LOAN' (-lone'), n. A second loan.
RE-L0!'TANCE, \n. Opposition or struggle of
RE-LU'TAN-CY, j the mind, &c. SYN. Repug-
nance; unwillingness; aversion, which see.
RE-LfJ'TANT, a. Striving against; opposed in.
heart ; proceeding from an unwilling mind ;
granted with reluctance. SYN. Unwilling; loth;
disinclined; backward; averse, which see.
RE-LC"TANT-LY, ad. With unwillingness.
RE-LO-e'TATE, v. t. To resist ; to struggle against.
RE-LOME', \ v. t. To light or illuminate a se-
RE-LC'MlNE,l condtime; to rekindle.
RE-LY', v. t. To rest on the veracity, integrity, or
ability of a person, or on the certainty of facts ;
to confide in; to depend on. SYN. To repose;
trust ; confide ; depend.
RE-MAIN', v. i. To be left after others have with-
drawn; to continue unchanged; to be left out;
not to be forgotten or lost. SYN. Abide; stay;
last ; endure ; wait ; rest, &c.
RE-MAIN'DER, n. That which is left after a part
is taken away; rest, as the remainder of the week ;
in law, an estate which takes effect at the ending
of another estate. SYN. Balance. We may speak
of " the balance of an account" ; but to use this
word for remainder is a gross vulgarism.
RE-MAINS' (re-manz'), n. pi. What 13 left; a
corpse. SYN. Remnants; leavings ; relics ; resi-
due; rest.
HE-MAKE', v. t. To make anew.
RE-MANiy (6;, v. t. To send or call back one sent.
REM'A-NENT, a. Remaining.
RE-MARK', 71. An observation or notice expressed
in words or writing. SYN. Note ; comment ; an-
notation, &c.
RE-MAHK', v. t. To mark or note in the mind ; to
express in words or writing. SYN. To observe;
notice. To observe (from ob and servo) is to keep
or hold a thing distinctly before the mind ; to re-
mark is simply to mark or take note of whatever
may come up ; to notice implies still less continuity
of attention.
RE-MARK'A-BLE, a. Worthy of notice ; that may
excite admiration. SYN. Observable; noticeable;
rare ; strange ; wonderful, &c.
RE-MARK'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of deserv-
trticular notice.
RE-MARK'A-BLY, ad. As unusual and deserving
notice.
RE-MARK'ER, n. One who makes observations.
KE-ME'DI-A-BLE, a. That can be remedied. SYN.
Curable ; healable ; sanable.
RE-ME'DI-A-HLY, ad. So as to be curable.
RE-ME'DI-AL, a. Affording a remedy ; intended
for a remedy or the removal of an evil SYN. Cura-
tive ; healing ; sanative ; sanitary.
RE-MEIXI-LESS, a. Admitting no cure, change,
recovery, or reparation. SYN. Incurable ; irre-
mediable ; irrecoverable ; irreparable ; desperate.
RE-MED'I-LESS-LY, ad. So as to preclude a cure.
REM'E-DY, n. That which is adapted to cure, or
which cures a disease or an evil ; that which
counteracts an evil, or cures uneasiness, or re-
pairs a loss or disaster. SYN. Cure ; restorative ;
redress; relief; aid; help.
RM'E-UY, v. t. To cure disease, or remove an
evil, or repair a loss. SYN. To heal; redress; re-
lieve; help; aid; counteract, Ac.
RE-MfiM'BER, v. t. To have in the mind an idea
which has been there before, and recurs without
effort ; to preserve the memory of; to have or
keep in mind.
EE-MfiM'BRANCE, n. The retaining of ideas in
the mind; power of remembering; limits of re-
membering. SYN. Recollection; memory, whicl
see. 25
HEM
386
REN
1, 1, Ac., long. I, S, <fec., s?iort. CARE, FAR, LAST,
RE-MEM'BRANC-ER, n. He who or that which re-
minds or calls to remembrance, as a gift.
BE-MI'GRATE (re-nri'grate or rem'-), v. t. To move
back to a former place ; to return.
RE-MIND', v. t. To bring to remembrance or no-
tice.
RE-MINP'FUL, a. Careful to remind; tending or
adapted to remind.
REM-I-NIS'CENCE, n. The faculty or act of re-
calling to the mind ; recovery of ideas that had :
escaped from the memory ; a relation of what is
recollected. Sec MEMORY.
REM-I-NlS'CENT, n. One who calls to mind and '
records past events.
RE-M1SE', (-mlze'j, v. t. To grant back; to re-
lease a claim ; to resign or surrender by deed.
RE-MlSS', a. Not performing duty ; slow in com-
plying with engagements or wholly neglecting
them ; not vigorous. SYN. Careless ; dilatory ;
heedless ; neglectful ; slack ; negligent.
RE-MIS'SI-BLE, ,i. That may be remitted.
RE-MlS'SION (-ntfsh'un), n. Act of remitting;
temporary subsidence of the violence of disease or
pain ; diminution of intensity ; relinquishmeiit of
a claim. SYN. Pardon; forgiveness; abatement;
release ; discharge.
RE-MIS'SLVE, a. Remitting; forgiving.
BE-MlSS'NESS, n. Want of ardour, vigour, care,
or punctuality. SYN. Slowness ; coldness ; slack-
ness ; negligence ; inattention ; carelessness.
EE-MlT 7 , v. t. or v. i. Literally, to send back;
hence, to abate in violence ; to relax in intensity ;
to surrender the right of punishing ; to transmit
money, &c., to some one at a distance. SYN. To
restore ; refer ; release ; forgive j abate ; relax ;
slacken.
RE-M1TMENT, . The act of remitting to cus-
tody ; forgiveness ; pardon.
RE-MlT'TAL, n. A giving back or surrendering
up ; remission.
RE-MlT'TANCE, n. Act of transmitting to a dis- !
tance bills or money in payment ; sum or thing j
transmitted.
RE-MI TTENT. a. Having alternate increase and :
remission, as a remittent fever.
RE-MIT'TER, n. One who remits ; in law, restora- ;
tion to an ancient title when a later one proves
defective.
REM'NANT, n. That which is left after the sepa-
ration, removal, or destruction of a part; that
which remains after a part is done, told, passed,
&c. SYN. Residue ; rest ; remainder.
RE-MOD'EL, r. t. To fashion anew.
RE-MOULD', v. t. To mould or shape anew.
RE-MON'STRANCE, n. Pressing suggestions or
strong representations against a measure ; expos-
tulatory counsel or advice.
RE-M()N'STRANT, n. One who remonstrates.
RE-MON'STRANT,a. Expostulatory; urging strong
reasons against an act.
RE-MON'STRATE, v. i. To urge reasons in op-
position to a measure SYN. To expostulate.
We expostulate (lit, beg off) when we unite argu-
ment and entreaty to dissuade any one from the
course he has chosen ; when we remonstrate, we
go farther, and s7ioui or set forth, in the strongest
terms, the danger or the guilt of his pursuing it.
We remonstrate with a person, and against the
course he has adopted.
RE-M6N'STRA-TOR, n. One who remonstrates.
REM'OR-A, n. Delay; the sucking-fish.
RE-MOK'DEN-CY, n. liemorse ; compunction.
RE-MORSE', n. Keen pain or anguish excited by
a sense of guilt; compunction of conscience.
SYN. Anguish ; compunction ; also regret, which see.
RE-MORSE'FUL, a. Full of compunction or com-
passion.
RE-MORSE'LESS, a. Having no pity or compas-
sion ; insensible to distress. SYN. Unpit} ing ;
pitiless; cruel: savage.
RE-MORSE'LESS-NESS, n. garage cruelty; in-
sensibility to distress.
FALL, WHAT; iniRE, T&RM; MAR!NE, B{RD; MOVE,
RK-MOTE', a. Distant in place, time, or quality j
not agreeing with ; not proximate, as a cause.
SYN. Far; foreign: alien; primary; abstracted;
slight ; inconsiderable.
RE-MOTE'LY, ad At a distance ; slightly
RE-MOT K'NESS, n. State of being distant in space,
time, affinity, or efficiency, &c. [a<*ain.
RE-MOUNT v. t. or v. i. To reascend; to mount
RE-MO V-A-BIL'I-TY, n. Capacity of being re-
moved, or displaced.
RE-MOV'A-BLE (-moov'a-bl), a. That may be re-
moved from an office or station, or from one place
to another.
RE-MO V'AL (-moov'al), n. The act of moving from
a piace, residence, or office ; the state of being re-
moved ; change of place ; act of putting an end to
or of putting away ; the end of life. SYN. Dis-
mission ; migration ; displacing ; departure ;
death.
RE-MOVE' (re-moov'), v. t. or v. i. To cause to
change place ; to displace from an office ; to take
from the present state of being ; to take or put
away ; to change pla.ce in any manner ; to go
from one place or residence to another. SYN. To
displace; dismiss; depose; set aside; destroy;
banish ; emigrate.
RE-MOVE', n. The act of changing place ; change
of place ; a step in the scale of gradation ; a dish
to be changed while the rest remain. -SYN. Re-
moval; departure; step; space; distance, &c.
RK-MOV'EIt, n. One who removes.
RE-MO'NER-A-BLE, o. That may be rewarded.
RE-MO'NER-ATE, v. t. To recompense for any act,
expense, or sacrifice. SYN. To reward ; compen-
sate ; satisfy ; requite.
RE-MU-NER-A'TION, n. The act of paying an
equivalent for services or sacrifices ; the equiva-
lent given for services, losses, &c. SYN. Re-
ward ; repayment ; requital ; compensation ; re-
compense.
RE-MO'NER-A-TTVE, ) a. Tending to recom-
RE-MC'NER-A-TO-RY,; pense ; affording re-
ward.
RE'NAL, a. Pertaining to the kidneys.
REN'ARD, n. A fox, so called in fables ; spelt also
REYNARD.
RE-NAS'CENCE, ~)n. The state of springing or
RE-NAS'CEN-CY, j being produced again.
RE-NAS'CENT, a. Growing again ; reproduced.
RE-N AS'CI-BLE, a. That may spring or grow again ;
that may be reproduced.
REN-OUNTER, n. A meeting in opposition ; a
sudden or casual combat; an engagement be-
tween armies or fleets. SYN. Fight; collision;
conflict ; combat ; clash.
REN-OUNTER, v. t. To meet unexpectedly with-
out hostility; to attack hand to hand; v. t. to
meet an enemy unexpectedly ; to come into col-
lision. SYN. To encounter ; conflict ; clash; skir-
mish; engage; battle.
REND, v. t. [pret. and pp. RENT.] To tear asunder ;
to part with force or violence. SYN. To split;
rupture; lacerate; burst; fracture.
REJS'DER, n. One who tears by violence.
REN'DER, v. t. To pay back ; to inflict, as a re-
tribution; to give on demand; to make or cause
to be ; to surrender or yield up ; to give for use
or benefit ; to translate ; to boil down and clarify,
as tallow.
REN'DER- A-BLE, a. That may be rendered.
REN'DER-ING, n. The transferring from one lan-
guage to another ; the laying the first coat of
plaster on a brick wall ; the coat so laid on.
REN'DEZ-VOUS (r5n'de-voo), n. A place for as-
sembling troops ; a place of meeting.
REN'DEZ-VOUS (reu'de-voo), v. t. or v, i. To as-
semble at a particular place.
REN-Dl"TION (rcn-disn'un), n. The act of yielding
possession ; surrender ; translation.
REN'E-GADE, ) n. An apostate from the faith;
REN-E-GA'DO, f one who deserts to the enemy.
SYN. A deserter; revolter; vagabond.
BEN
D6VE, WOLF, BQQK
387
REP
, BULL ; Vl"CIOVS. a3 K ; ft OS J ; SaSZ; CHOSSHj THIS.
RE-NERVE', v. i. To give new vigour to.
BE-NEW (re-nu'), v. t. To make new; to begi
again ; to restore to a former state or to a goo<
state ; to make vigorous ; to make again ; to gran
a new loan. SYN. To renovate ; transform ; re
pair ; rebuild ; re-establish ; confirm ; revive ; re
peat, Ac.
EE-NEW'A-BLE (-nu'a-bl), o. That may be re
newed.
RE-NEW'AL (-nu'al), n. The act of renewing o:
forming anew; restoration to a former or gooc
state ; reloan on a new note given.
RE-NEW'ED-LY, ad. Again ; once more.
RE-NEWER, n. One who renovates.
REN'I-FORM, a. Having the shape of the kidneys
kidney-shaped.
RE-Nl'TENCE, ") n. Resistance to pressure ; th(
RE-Nl'TEN-CY, j effort of matter to resume th<
place from which it has been driven by impulse o
other matter ; reluctance.
RE-NI'TENT, or REN'1-TENT, a. Actin-
impulse ; resisting pressure or the effect <
REN'NET, n. The prepared stomach or concretec
milk fou: d in the stomach of a sucking quadru
ped, particularly of the calf, used for con
milk; yearning, Scotland; a sweet kind 01
RE-NOUNCE', v. t. To refuse to own ; to break
off connection with. SYN. To disown ; reject ;
disclaim; disavow; deny ; abandon; recant, which
see.
RE-NOUNCE'MENT, n. Act of disclaiming.
ilJNC'-ER.n. One who rejects or disclaims
REN'O-VATE, v. t. To restore to a good state ; to
make new, fresh, or vigorous. SYN. To renew
regenerate ; recreate ; revive.
REN-O-VA'TION, 71. The act of renewing; mak-
ing new after decay, &c. ; a state of being re-
newed.
REN'OVA-TOR, n. One who or that which re-
nev/s
RE-NOWN', n. Exalted reputation derived from
the extensive praise of great achievements or ac-
complishments. STN. Fame; celebrity; reputa-
tion ;
RE-NOWN EI> (re-nound') , a. Celebrated for great
achievements or disti:: Cities, as gran-
deur, scientific attainments. SYN. Famed ; emi-
nent ; illustrious ; glorious ; remarkable ; /amous,
which
RE-NOWN'ED-LY, ad. With fame or celebrity.
i . Having no renown.
i 'prit. and pp. of REND.] Torn asunder.
. 71. An opening produced by rending and
violent separation ; a sum of money
from lands and tenements. SYN. Fissure ; breach ;
rupture; schism; fracture.
: , v. i. To be leased or let for rent.
. v. t. To lease or grant the use of lands and
tenements for rent ; to hire lands or tenements.
RKNT'A-BLE, a. That may be rented.
T'AL, n. A schedule or account of rent.
/;, n. [Fr.j Kent; yearly income; pi funds;
shares.
EK, n. One who leases or hires land, &c.
RKNT'ER, ". t. To fine-draw: to sew together the
edges of two pieces of cloth without doubling them;
to sew up artfully.
RENT-R* )LL, n. A list of rents ; a rental.
RE-NUN-CI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n. Act of re-
nouncing.- SYN. Disavowal; denying; disown-
ing ; rejection ; disclaimer ; relinquishment.
RE-OR-DIO A second ordination.
RE-OR-GAN-I-Z.V 1 ION, n. The act of organizing
anew.
RE-OR'GAN-TZE, v. t. To organize a second time.
RE-PAC'I-FY, ;. i. To restore peace again.
RE-PACK', v. t. To pack a second time.
RE-PACK'KR, n. One that packs again.
RE-PA I R' (4) , v. t. To restore to a sound state ; to
rebuild a decayed or destroyed part; to make
amends for a loss or injury. STN. To mend; re-
fit; renew; recover; retrieve; recruit.
RE-PAIR', v. i. To go to; to betake one's self.
RE-PAIR', n. Restoration to a sound or good state
after decay, injury, waste, &c.
RE-PAIR'A-BLE, a. That may be repiired, re-
stored, retrieved, made good or supplied. SYN.
Reparable ; retrievable ; recoverable.
RIM'AIU'l.R, n. One who mends or repairs.
k - RA-BLE, a. That can be repn
REP-A-RA'TION, n. The act of repairing or re-
storing to soundness or good state ; indemnifica-
tion for loss or damage ; supply of what is want-
ed. SYN. Restoration; repair; restitution; com-
pensation ; amends.
RE-PAR'A-TlVE, a. Having the power to make
amends ; restoring to a sound state ; n. that
which repairs and restores to a sound state.
REP-AR-TEE', n. A smart, witty reply; retort,
which see.
RE-PASS' (6), v. t. or v. i. To pass again or pass
back.
RE-PAST, n. Act of eating or the food eaten.
RE-PAY' (re-pa), v. t. To pay back or gire an i-qni-
valent ; to return or make requital. SYN. To
refund; restore; recompense; remunerate; re-
quite ; reimburse.
RE-PA Y'A-BLE (-pa'a-ble), a. That is to be repaid
or refunded.
RE-PA Y'MENT, n. Act of repaying or refunding ;
the money, &c , repaid.
HE-PEAL' v re-peel'), n. Abrogation.
RE-PEAL' (re-peel'), u. *. To make void by an autho-
ritative act. SYN. To revoke. We revoke what
has been declared ; a law can only be repealed by
a competent Legislature. An edict or power of
attorney ia revoked, statutes are repealed. We speak
of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and of the
repeal of the Union.
RE-i J EAL-A-BlL'I-TY, \n. The quality of being
iE-PEAL'A-BLE-NESS, 3 repealable.
RE-PAL'A-BLE, a. That may be repealed or
revoked by the same power that enacted. SYN.
Revocable; voidable; reversible: abrogable.
;j:-l J KAI/ER, n. One who abrogates; one of a
political party in Ireland who insists on the repeal
of the union with Great Britain.
RE-PEAT' (re-peef), v. t. To make, do, or utter
again ; to try again ; to quote or say from me-
mory. SYN. To renew ; recite ; relate ; rehearse ;
recapitulate ; reiterate, which see.
IE-PEAT' (re-peef;, n. In music, a mark directing
a part to be repeated in the performance.
TED, a. JJecited; peii-
IE-PEAT ED-LY, ad. Over and over ; irequently.
iE-PEAT'ER, n. One who repeats, recites, or re-
hearses; a watch that strikes the hour when a
spriiiir is touched.
i/, v. i. To act with force in opposition to
force impressed ; r. t. to drive back ; to oppose
effectually. SYN. To repulse; resist; rebuff.
RE-PEL'LEN-CY, n. Quality that repels or resists
approach ; the principle of repulsion.
. LENT, ?i. That which repels or scatters.
iE-PL'LENT, a. Tending to repel.
lE'PENT, a. Creeping, as a plant.
RE-PENT', v. i. To feel sorrow for something one
has said, done, or omitted ; to change the mind in
reference to past conduct ; as figuratively a
to God, to change the course of providential deal-
ings.
iE-PENT y , v. t. To remember with sorrow; to be
sorry for.
RE-PNT'ANCE, n. The act of repenting; sor-
row for sin, with purpose to forsake it ; change of
mind, and. consequently, of conduct. SYS. Peni-
tence; compunction; contrition; also regret, which
see.
iE-PNrANT, a. Sorrowful or denoting sorrow
for sin; contrite; n one who repents ; a penitent.
E-PENT'ER, n. One that repents.
E-PNT'1NG, n. Act of repentance.
E-PEO'PLE (-pe'pl), v. t To supply again with
inb.iibita.iits .
REP
388
REP
I, B, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. -CABB, FAB, LAST
RE-PER-tTSS', v. t. To beat back.
RE-PER-0S'SION (-kttsh'un), n. Act of driving
back; reverberation.
R-PER-0S'SIVE, a. Driving or beating back
causing to reverberate.
EEP-EK-TI"TIOUS (-ttsh'us), a. Found.
EEP'EE-TO-EY, n. A place where things may be
found ; a repository ; a treasury ; a magazine.
BEP-E-TEND', n. The part of a repeating decima
that recurs continually.
EEP-E-TI"T1ON (-ttsh'un), n. Act of repeating
iteration; rehearsal.
EEP-E-Tl"TION-AL, ") a. Containing repetition :
EEP-E-Ti"TIOUS, 5 repeating.
EE-PINE', v. i. To fret one's self; to be discon-
tented ; to murmnr.
RE-PIN'EE, n. One that repines or murmurs.
EE-PlN'ING-LY, ad. With murmuring ; complain-
EE-PLACE', v. t. To put again in its place; to
repay ; to furnish a substitute.
EE-PLACE'MENT, n. Act of replacing.
EE-PLANT'', v. t. To plant a second time.
EE-PLANT'A-BLE, a. That may be planted again.
ll-PLAN-TA'TION, n. Act of replanting.
KE-PLEN'ISH, v. t. To fill up again j to supply
with what is wanted ; to stock with abundance ;
v. i. to recover former fulness.
RE-PLETE', o. Full ; completely filled.
KE-PLE'TION (-ple'shun), n. Great fulness, es-
pecially of blood ; plethora.
RE-PLE'TlVE, a. Filling ; replenishing.
RE-PLEVI-A-BLE, a. That may be replevied.
RE-PLEVIN, n. A writ to recover cattle or goods
that have been distrained.
RE-PLEV'I-SA-BLE (-pl6v'e-sa-bl), a. That may
be replevied.
EE-PLEVY, v. t. To take back by a writ cattle
or goods that have been distrained on giving se-
curity to return them if the distraint be proved
legal; to bail.
EEP'LI-ATE, a. Folded back.
EEP-LI-CA'TIOtf, n. A reply of a plaintiff to the
defendant's plea ; response ; rejoinder.
RE-PLY', v. i. To answer or make return in words
or writing ; to make answer to a defendant's plea;
to respond.
RE-PLY', v. t. To return for an answer.
RE -PLY', n. Something written or spoken by way
of response. SYN. Rejoinder; answer. A reply is
a distinct response to a formal question or attack ;
a rejoinder is a second reply in a protracted discus-
sion or controversy. The word answer is used in
two senses, viz., (1) in the most general sense of
a mere response, as the answer to a question, or,
(2) in the sense of a decisive confutation of an ad-
versary's argument, as when we say, that was a
reply, but no answer.
RE-POL'ISH, v. t. To polish again.
RE-PORT, v. t. To bear or bring back, as an an-
swer or an account of something; to give an
account of; to circulate publicly; to make an
official statement; v . i. to make a statement of facts.
RE-POET', n. Some account or statement brought
back or spread abroad ; hence an account of par-
ticular proceedings, as of a lawsuit, legislative
debates, &c. ; any story circulated ; common
fame; also a loud noise, as of a gun. STN. Ac-
count ; story ; relation ; rumour.
RE-PORT'ER, n. One who reports ; one who states
law proceedings, &c.
RE-POET'ING, TV. The act or business of giving
accounts of public meetings ; of adjudged cases
of law, &c.
RE-PO'SAL, n. Act of reposing ; rest.
RE-POSE' (-poze'), v. t. To lay quietly or at rest;
to place, as in confidence ; to lay up.
RE-PO$E', v. t. To lie in quiet; to confide.
RE-PO$E', n. State of being quiet or at rest ; in
pointing, harmony of effect, with nothing glaring
or overstrained. SYN. Sleep ; quiet ; tranquility ;
rest, which see.
FALL, WHAT ; THfiBB, T*BM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
RE-POS'IT (-pSz'it), v. t. To lodge, as for preserva.
tion or safety.
E-PO-$1"TION (-srfsh'nn), n. Act of replacing.
RE-POS1-TO-RY, n. A place for storing or laying
up things. SYN. Depository ; storehouse ; re-
pertory.
EE-POS-SESS' or EE-PO$-SSS', v. t. To possess
again.
RE-POS-SES'SION (-pos-s?sh'un or-poz-zSsh'un),n.
The act or state of possessing again.
REP-RE-HENL>, v. t. To administer reproof; to
chide ; to blame.
EEP-EE-HEND'EE, n. One that blames or re-
proves.
EEP-EE-HEN'SI-BLE, o. Worthy of reprehen-
sion. SYN. Blamable; censurable; culpable.
EEP-EE-HEN'SI-BLE-NESS, n. Blamableness.
EEP-RE-HN'SI-BLY, a. In a manner to deserve
censure ; culpably.
REP-RE-HEN'SION (-hgn'shunj, n. Open reproof;
blame ; censure.
<* Containing reproof.
REP-RE-SENT', v. t. To show or exhibit as if pre-
sent ; hence, to personate ; to describe or exhibit
to the mind ; to act or stand in the place of.
EEP-RE-SENTA-BLE, a. That may be represent-
ed or described.
REP-RE-SEN-TA'TION, n. The act of represent-
ing ; that which exhibits by resemblance ; exhibi-
tion by imitative actions, &c. ; verbal description ;
the business of acting as a substitute for another ;
body of representatives.
REP-RE-SENT' A-TIVE, a. Exhibiting likeness
or characteristic traits ; bearing the authority of
another.
EEP-RE-SfiNT'A-TlVE, n. That which is present
in place of another; one acting for another. SYN.
Deputy : delegate ; agent ; substitute.
REP-RE-SENT'ER, n. One who represents.
REP-RE-SNT'MENT, n. Representation; an idea
proposed, aa exhibiting the likeness of some-
thing.
RE-PRfiSS', v. t. To press or force back ; hence, to
crush ; to subdue ; to restrain, as to repress sedi-
tion ; to check.
R E-PRfiSS'ER, . One that crushes or subdues.
EE-PEESS'I-BLE, n. That may be restrained,
checked, or crushed.
RE-PRES'SION (-prgsh'un), n. Act of checking or
subduing.
*E-PESS'IVE, a. Tending to repress.
EE-PEESS'iVE-LY, ad. So as to repress.
EE-PRIEVE' (re-preev'), v. t. To respite for a
time ; to respite after sentence of death.
EE-PRIEVE', n. Respite after sentence ; delay of
punishment ; interval of ease or relief.
RfiP'Rl-MAND, n. Severe reproof for a fault ; re-
prehension. See REPROOF.
RfiP'RI-MAND, v. t. To administer severe re-
proof ; to reprove, publicly and officially, in exe-
cution of a sentence. SYN. To reprehend; re-
buke ; chide ; censure ; admonish, which see.
RE-PRINT', v. t. To print a new edition of a book;
to renew the impression of any thing.
iE'PRINT, n. A second or new impression.
iE-PRl'$AL (-prl'zal), n. Seizure by way of recom-
pense or retaliation ; that which is taken from an
enemy to indemnify an owner for something of
his; the retaking of one's own; pi. deductions
out of the value of lands, as quit-charges, &c.
EE-PEOACH', v. t. To censure in terms of con-
tempt ; to charge with a fault in severe language ;
to treat with contempt or scorn. SYN. To up-
braid; blame; vilify; revile.
RE-PROACH', . Opprobrious censure ; object of
scorn or derision ; cause of shame : disgrace.
EE-PEOACH' A-BLE, a. Deserving reproach.
RE-PEOACH'FUL, a. Expressing or bringing re-
proach ; opprobrious ; abusive ; shameful.
:E-PEOACH'FyL-LY, ad. In terms of reproach ;
shamefully.
REP
D6VE, WQLF, BQQK ;
389
RES
, BT7LL; vf'cious. e as K ; 6 as J ; i as z ; CH as SH; IHIS.
REP110-BATE, n. One abandoned to sin or lost
to virtue.
REl J 'RO-BATE, a. Not enduring proof or trial ;
hence, rejected ; lost to virtue ; in sin or apos-
tacy ; abandoned, which see.
REP'RO-BATE, v. t. To disapprove with detesta-
tion; to abandon, as to wickedness or !
tioQ. SIN. To disapprove; disallow; reject; de-
test.
R HP'RO-BATE-NESS, n. A being reprobate.
R 1 : P'RO-BA-TER, n. One that reprobates.
REP-RO-BA'TION (-ba'shun), n. Act of disallowing
with detestation or extreme dislike; rejection;
condemnation.
RE-PRO-DCCE', v. t. To produce anew ; to renew
the production of a thing destroyed.
RE-PRO-DCC'ER, n. One who or that which re-
produces.
RE-PRO-DfrGTION, n. The process or act of re-
producing that which has been destroyed ; thing
reproduced.
RE-PRO-DtI'TlVE, a. Pertaining to or used in
reproduction.
RE-PRO-MUL'GATE, v. t. To promulgate anew.
RE-PROOF', n. Censure or blame expressed to the
face ; reprehension.
RE-PROV'A-BLE f-proov'a-bl), o. Worthy of re-
proof.
RE-PROV'A-BLE-NESS, n. State of being reprov-
able.
RE-PROV'A-BLY, ad. In a reprovable manner.
RE -PROVE' (re-proov'), v. t. To charge with a
fault to the face ; to censure or blame in general.
SYN. To rebuke ; reprimand. These words all
signify the expression of disapprobation. To re-
prove implies greater calmness and self-posses-
sion ; to rebuke implies a more excited and per-
sonal feeling. A reproof may be administered
long after the offence is committed, and is usually
intended for the reformation of the offender ; a
rebuke is commonly given at the moment of the
wrong, and is administered by way of punish-
ment and condemnation. A reprimand proceeds
from a person invested with authority, and is al-
ways a formal and official act.
RE-PROV'ER (-proov'er), n. One who reproves or
blames.
REP-TA'TION, n. Act of crawling or creeping.
REP'TlLE, a. Creeping; mean; grovelling.
REPTILE (rep'til), n. A creeping animal; in
zoology, reptiles are animals, cold-blooded, verte-
brated, and breathing air ; a low, grovelling, or
mean person.
REP-TIL'I-AN, a. Belonging to reptiles.
RE-PtTB'Lie, n. A state in which the sovereign
power is lodged in representatives elected by the
citizens ; a commonwealth. Republic of letters,
the collective body of learned men.
RE-POB'LI-AN, a. Relating to a republic ; con-
sonant with the principles of a republic.
RE-PC B'LLC-AN, n. One who prefers a republic.
RE-PCB'LI-AN-I$M, n. System of republican
government or attachment to republican prin-
ciples.
RE-PCB'LI-AN-IZE, v. t. To convert to republi-
can principles.
RE-PUB-LI-A'TION, . A second or new publi-
cation of something before published.
RE-PCB'LISH, v. t. To publish again ; to publish
a new edition of a work before published.
RE-POB'LISH-ER, n. One who republishes.
RE-PC'DI-A-BLE, a. That may be rejected ; fit or
proper to be put away.
RE-PU'DI-ATE, t). t. To put away ; to divorce; to
disown or refuse to acknowledge.
RE-PU-DI-A'TION, n. A putting away or divorc-
ing ; rejection ; the refusal of a state to pay its
debts.
RE-PEfDI-A-TOR, n. One who repudiates.
RE-PUGN' (re-pune'), . i- To oppose ; to resist.
RE-PtTGKNANCE, ") n. Strong opposition of mind
RE-PUG'NAN-CY,J or feelings; contrariety of
qualities. SYN. Reluctance; unwillingness; dis
like ; aversion, which see.
RE-POG'NANT, a. Being opposed to; contrary;
inconsistent ; opposite.
RE-PCG'NANT-LY, ad. With opposition ; in con-
tradiction ; with great reluctance.
RE-PULSE', n. A being checked in advancing, or
driven back by force ; refusal ; denial.
RE-POLSE', v. t. To drive back ; to repel.
RE-POL'SION (-pul'shun), n. The act or power
of repelling or resisting approach.
RE-POL'SIVE, a. Adapted to repel ; forbidding j
driving off or keeping from approach ; cold.
RE-POL'S1VE-NESS, n. The quality of being re-
pulsive or forbidding.
RE-POL'SO-RY, a. Having power to repel; re-
pelling ; beating back.
RE-POR'CHASE, v. t. To buy again ; to regain by
purchase.
REP'C-TA-BLE, a. Of good repute ; consistent
with good reputation. SYN. Creditable; respect-
able; honourable.
REP'0-TA-BLY, ad. With repute; without dis-
credit.
REP-U-TA'TION, n. Distinctively, character de-
rived from a favourable public opinion ; good
name ; also, character by report, in a good or bad
sense.
RE-PC'TA-TlVE, a. Reputed; putative.
RE-POTE', r. t. To hold in estimation ; to think ;
to reck on; to account.
RE-POTE', n. Reputation ; character in public
esteem ; without qualification, good character ;
established opinion.
RE-QUEST', n. Expression of desire for some-
thing ; state of being desired ; an asking. SYN.
Petition; entreaty; prayer; demand.
RE-QUEST', v. t. To express desire for or to ; to
ask ; to solicit. See DESIRE.
RE'QUI-EM, n. A hymn in the popish church im-
ploring rest for the dead ; also, a grand musical
composition performed in honour of some dead
person.
RE-QUIR'A-BLE, a. That may be required.
RE-QUIRE', v. t. To ask, as of right ; to demand
to make necessary.
RE-QUlRE'MENT,' n. Demand ; requisition.
REQ'UI-SlTE (rk'we-zit), a. Necessary in the na-
ture of things ; not to be dispensed with.
REQ'UI-SlTE (rek'we-zit), n. That which is neces-
sary; something indispensable.
REQ'UI-SITE-NESS (rt?k'we-zit-) f n. Necessity;
the state of being requisite.
REQ-UI-$I"TION Crek-we-zlsh'un), n. Act of re-
quiring ; demand made for something, as of
RE-Quis'I-TlVE (-kwlz'e-tiv), a. Implying de-
mand.
RE-QUl'TAL, n. Return for any act or offic;
or bad. SYN. Return; retribution; retaliation.
RE-QUITE', v. t. To repay either good or evil ; to
recompense ; to retaliate ; to do or give in re-
return.
RERE. a. Raw ; under-dressed, as meat.
RERE'WARD, n. The part of an army that marches
in the rear, as the guard; the rearguard.
RE-SAIL', v. t. or v. i. To sail back.
RE-SALE', n. A second sale ; a sale second-hand.
RE-SCIND', v. t. Literally, to cut off; hence, to
abrogate or revoke, as a law, decree, &c.
RE-SClS'SION (re-sizh'un), n. Act of rescinding.
RE-SC1$'$O-RY (-siz'zur-ry), o. Havinp power to
cut off or annul.
RE'SRIPT, n. An edict or answer of an emperor.
RE-SRlPTION, n. A writing back ; the answer-
ing of a letter.
RES'-GOE (rSs'ku), v. t. To deliver from confine-
ment or danger; to liberate from actual restraint,
or to remove or withdraw from a state of expo-
sure.
RES'0E, n. Deliverance from arrest or danger.
RESr-eU-ER, n. One that rescues or retakes.
KES
390
RES
I, fi. &c , long. I, fi, &c., short. CASE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TKRM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOTE,
RE-SEARCH' (re-serch'), n. Laborious or con-
tinued search after truth ; investigation.
RE-SEARCH' (-scroll'), v. t. To examine again ; to
search diligently.
RE-SEAT', v. t. To seat or place again.
RE-SEIZE' (-seez'), v. t. To seize again ; to seize
a second time ; in law, to take possession of lauds
and tenements which have been disseized.
R-SIZ'URE (-se'zhur), n. A second seizure; the
act of seizing again.
RE-SELL', v. t. [pret. and pp. RESOLD.] To sell
\\\ ; to sell what has been bought or sold.
RE-SEM'BLANCE (-zfim'blance;, n. The state of
being like ; similitude either of external form or
of qualities; something similar. SYN. Likeness;
representation ; similarity.
RE-SEM'BLE, v. t. To have the likeness of; to
liken ; to appear like.
RE-SEJST', v. t. To take ill ; to be in some degree
an-ry at : to consider as an injury or affront.
RE-SENT'FUL, a. Apt to resent; easily pro-
voked.
RE-SENT'IVE, a. Easily provoked or irritated;
quick to feel an injury or affront.
RE-SE.NT'MENT, n. Anger excited by a sense of
injury. tfy. Anger. Resentment, etymologically,
is that re-sentiment or reaction of mind which we
instinctively feel when we think ourselves
wronged. Pride and selfishness are apt to aggra-
vate this feeling, until it changes into a criminal
animosity. Being founded on a sense of injury,
this feeling is hard to be removed, and hence
the expressions bitter or implacable resentment.
BES-ER-VA'TION, n. Act of reserving or keeping
back ; something withheld ; a tract of land re-
served; concealment or withholding from dis-
closure ; a proviso.
BE-SERV'A-TO-RY (13), n. A place for preserving
things or in which they are kept.
BE-SERVE', n. That which is kept back from
present use or for an exigency ; something with-
held from disclosure ; habit of keeping thoughts
or feelings to one's self ; caution in behaviour ;
reservation ; exception ; backwardness. In reserve,
in store.
RE-SERVE', v. t. To keep back or in one's own
power ; to retain in store for other or future use.
SYN. To withhold ; retain; keep.
RE-SERVED' (--e-zervd'), o. Backward in conver-
sation ; not fi ee ; cold.
RE-SERV'ED-LY, ad. With reserve ; cautiously.
RE-SERV'ED-NESS, n. Want of frankness ; back-
wardness.
RES-ER-VOIR' (rez-er-vwoY), n. [JFr] A place
where something is kept in store, as water for
fountains or other uses ; a cistern ; a basin.
RE-SET', v. t. To set again, as a jewel or a plant ;
in Scottish law, to receive stolen goods ; to set over
again, as a page of matter.
RE-SET'TLE, v. t. or v. i. To settle a second time.
RE-SET'TLE-MENT, n. Act of composing or settl-
ing again ; the state of settling or subsiding
again : a second settlement in the ministry.
RE-SHIP', v. t. To ship what has been imported.
EE-SHlP'MENT, n. Re-exportation; the act of
shipping a second time ; that which is reshipped. |
RE-SIDE' (-zlde'), v. i. Literally, to settle, as in a
seat ; hence, to have a settled abode for some ,
time or permanently. SYN. To dwell; abide; so-
journ.
RES'I-DENCE, ") n. A place of abode ; abode ; the
RE$'I-T>EN-CY, J act of abiding or dwelling in a
place for some continuance of time.
RES'I-DENT, a. Having an abode in a place for a
continuance of time, but not definite ; dwelling ;
living.
RES'I-DENT, n. One who dwells or resides in a
place for some time ; a public minister at a foreign
court.
RES-I-DN'TIAL (-den'shal), o. Residing.
RES-I-DEN'TIA-RY, o. Having residence; n. an
ecclesiastic who keeps a certain residence.
RE-SlD'CT-AL (-zld'yu-al), o. Left after a part is
taken.
RE-SID'C-A-RY, a. Pertaining to the residue or
part remaining. To a residuary legatee, is be'
queathed the parb of an estate which remains after
the debts and legacies are paid.
RES'IXDCE (rez'e-du), n. Remainder ; that which
is left.
RE-SID'C-UM, n. Residue ; that which remains,
as after some process in chemistry or the arts.
RE-SIGN' (re-zme'), v. t. To give up in a formal
manner, as an office or commission ; to yield or
submit. SYN. To relinquish. To resign (from
re and signo) is to give up, as if breaking a seal
and yielding all it had secured ; hence, it marks a
formal and deliberate surrendering. To relinquish
is less formal, but always implies that the thing
given up has been long an object of pursuit, and,
usually, that it has been prized and desired.
RE'SIGN (-sine), v. t. To sign again.
RES-IG-NA'TION", n. A resigning or formal giving
up, as a claim or office ; quiet submission to the
will of Providence; unresisting acquiescence;
surrender ; relinquishment. See PATIENCE.
RE-SIGN'ED-LY, ad. With submission.
11E-SILE', v. i. To start back or recede.
RE-SlL'I-ENCE, \ n. A leaping back or rebound-
RE-SIL'I-EN-CY, ) ing; recoil, as the resilience
of a ball.
RE-SlL'I-ENT (-zfl/e-ent), a. Leaping back j re-
bounding.
RES-I-L1"TION (-llsh'un), n. A springing back.
RfiS'IN (r^z'in), n. An inflammable substance
which exudes from trees and becomes hard.
RES-IN-lF'ER-OUS, a. Producing resin.
RES-lN'O-CRE, n. A mixture of resin and wax.
EES'IN-OUS (rSz'in-us), a. Containing or liko
resin.
RE-SIST' (-zlstO, v. t. Literally, to stand against;
hence, to act in opposition to ; to endeavour to
counteract, defeat, or frustrate. SYN. To with-
stand; oppose.
BE-SIST'ANCE (-zfcrt/-), n. Act of resisting; qua-
lity of not yielding to a force, or of opposing the
action or passage of any thing; opposition.
RE-SlST'ANT, n. He who or that which resists.
RE-SIST- I-BlL'I-TY, n. The quality of resisting.
RE-SIST'I-BLE (-zlst'-), a. That may be resisted.
RE-SlSTlVE (-zist'-J, a. Having power to resist.
RE-SiST'LESS (-zist'-), a. That can not be with-
stood ; irresistible ; that can not resist ; help-
less.
RE-SISTLESS-NESS, n. State of being irresis-
tible.
R$'O-LU-BLE (rSz'-), That may be dissolved; re-
solvable.
RES'O-LCTE (rCz'-), a. Firm to one's purpose;
constant in pursuing a purpose. SYN. Bold ; firm ;
determined ; steady.
RES'O-LDTE-LY, ad. With steady courage or per-
severance ; boldly ; firmly ; steadily.
RES'O-LCTE-NESS, n. Fixed determination or pur-
pose; unshaken firmness.
RES-0-LO'TION, n. The act of resolving or pro-
cess of analyzing or unfolding something com-
plex or difficult, as of a problem or a compound ;
determination of mind ; fixed purpose ; formal
declaration passed by a public body or offered for
determination. SYN. Firmness; constancy; de-
termination, which see.
RE-SOLV'A-BLE (-zolv'a-bl), a. That may be re-
solved.
RE-SOLVE' (-ztflv'), v. t. or v. i. To separate things
combined or near together ; to unfold or disen-
tangle any thing difficult or complex ; to clear of
doubt ; to analyse ; to dissolve ; to determine in
mind ; to determine by resolution or vote ; to
settle in an opinion.
RE-SOLVE' (-zolv'), n. A resolution ; determina-
tion.
RE-SOLV'ED-NESS (-zoiv'ed-ness) n. Fixedness
of purpose.
KES
B6VE, WQLF, BQ<?K ; Rtf LE, BTTLI, ; Vf'CIOUS.-
EE-SOLV'ENT (-z51v'-), n. That which causes
solution; iu medicine, that which has power to
prevent the suppuration of humours.
RE-SOLVE E (-zolv'-), n. One that resolves or
forms a firm purpose.
RES'O-NANCE, n. A returning of sound; rever-
beration.
RE$'O-NANT, a. Resounding; returning sound.
RE-SORB', v. t. To suck up; to absorb.
RE-SORB'ENT, a. Swallowing up ; imbibing.
RE-SORT 7 (re-zorf), v. i. To have recourse; to
apply ; to repair.
RE-SORT' (re-zorf), n. Act of going or having re-
course ; place of habitual assembling ; concourse ;
act of visiting. Last resort, ultimate means of
relief.
RE-SORT'ER, n. One that resorts or frequents.
RE-SOUND 7 (re-zound 7 ), v. t. To send back sound ;
to echo ; to sound ; to celebrate or praise with
the voice or instruments ; to spread the fame of ;
v. i. to be echoed ; to be sent back, as sound ; to
be much and loudly mentioned ; to reverberate.
RE-SOUND', v. t. To sound again.
RE-SOURCE' (-spree'), n. Source of aid or sup-
port ; an expedient to which a person may resort
for aid. Resources, in the plural, pecuniary
means ; funds ; means of raising money or sup-
plies.
RE-SPEGT', v. t. To regard or have regard or re-
lation to ; to view with some degree of reverence.
SYN. To esteem ; honour; revere.
RE-SPfiT', n. Regard to worth ; esteem ; honour.
In respect to (not of) is now the expression used.
SYN. Regard. The phrases in respect to and in
regard to may, in most or all cases, be inter-
changed for the sake of variety. Some have en-
deavoured to introduce the expression "in that
regard," corresponding to " in that respect," but
this has not been sanctioned by general usage.
See also DEFERENCE. [respect.
RE-SPET-A-BfL'I-TY, n. The quality of deserving
RE-SPT'A-BLE, a. Worthy of respect ; in
popular language, noting a moderate degree of ex-
cellence.
RE-SPfiT'A-PLE-NESS, n. Respectability.
RE-SPE-GT'A-BLY, ad. So as to merit respect;
moderately, but in a manner not to be despised.
RE-SPEGT'ER, 71. One who respects; one who is
partial in 1 1 i
R K-SI J ET FT L, a. Marked by respect.
i:E-SPETTtJL-LY, ad. ct ; in a man-
ner comporting with due estimation.
RE-SPfierryii-NESS, n. Quality of being re-
spectful.
RE-SPET'IVE, a. Having relation to ; particular;
iye ; not absolute.
RE-SPET'lVE-LY, ad. As relating to each; par-
ilarly; not absolutely ; relativ >
RH-SPIR'A-BLE, a. That may be breathed.
PI-RATION, n. Act of breathi
RES'PI-RA-TOR, n. An instrument covering the
mouth, through which persons of weak lungs can
breathe with impunity.
UES-PI'RA-TO-RY, a. Serving for respiration.
UK-SPIRE', v. i. To inhale air into the lungs and
exhale it ; to take breath ; to breathe ; to rest ;
v. t. to exhale ; to breathe out ; to send out in ex-
i ions.
EES'PlTE (r.Vpit), n. Temporary suspension or
delay, as of labour or punishment; interval of
rest ; reprieve.
RES'PlTE~(res'pit), r. t. To relieve by an interval
of rest ; to suspend or delay for a time, as the
execution of a sentence, &c.
BE-SPLEN'UENCE, \ n. Brilliant lustre ; bright-
RE-SPLEN'DEN-CY.J ness.
RE-SPLEN'DKNT, a. Shining with brilliant
lustre : bright ; very spU
RE-SPLEN'DENT-LY, ad. With great brightness ;
with brilliant lustre.
RE-SPOND', v. i. To return an answer ; to reply ;
to correspond; to suit; to be answerable.
RES
-e as K ; 6 as 3 j * as z ; en as SH ; THIS.
RE-SPOND', v. t. To answer; to satisfy by pay-
ment.
RE-SPOND', n. A short anthem interrupting the
reading of a chapter, which is not proceeded with
till the anthem is finished.
UE-SPOND'ENT, a. Answering demand or expec-
tation.
RE-SPOND'ENT, n. One who answers in a suit;
one who responds or replies in a disputation.
RE-SPO.VSAL, 71. Response; answer.
RE-SPONSE', n. An answer or reply; the answer
of the congregation to the priest in the litany,
&c.
RE-SPQN-SI-BlL'I-TY. > n. The state of being
KE-SPON'SI-BLE-NESS, ) accountable ; liability
to answer or pay ; ability to pay ; means of pay-
ing contracts.
RE-SPON'SI-BLE, a. Liable to account ; liable 01
able to discharge pecuniary obligation. SYN. Ac-
countable ; answerable.
RE-SPON'SIVE, a. Making reply; suiting some-
thing ; correspoji
RE-SPQN'SI VE-LY, ad. In a responsive manner.
HE-SPUN SO-RY, a. Containiuj.'- an answer.
REST, n. Cessation of action or disturbance;
hence, quiet, peace, sleep ; a place of repose j a
support, or that on which something rests; in
philosophy, the continuance of a body in the same
place ; in music, a pause. SYN. Kepose. Rest is a
ceasing from labour or exertion ; repose is a mode
of doing it which gives relief and refreshment
after toil and labour. We may rest in a standing
posture ; but we usually 7-epose in a reclining one.
REST, n. That which is left ; remainder ; others.
REST, v. i. To lay at rest; to quiet ; to place, as
on a support.
REST, v. i. To cease from action or motion of any
kind ; then, to be quiet ; to sleep ; to lean ; to
abide ; to remain with.
RES'TAU-RANT, n. An eating-house.
RES-TAU'RA-TEUR (res-tor'a-tiir), n. The keeper
of an eating-house, or house for occasional refresh-
ment.
REST'-HAR-ROW, n. A numerous genus of shrubby
plants, occasionally spinous, with handsome papi-
lionaceous flowers, red or yellowish ; sit-fast.
REST'IFF, a. Unwilling to go; obstinate in refus-
ing to move forward; restive.
BfiSTTFF-WESS, n. Obstinate unwillingness to
move. See RKSTIVENKSS.
RES-TI-TO'TTON (-tu'shun), n. Act of restoring or
making goo< I, as that of which one has deprived
another, or for loss, damage. &c. ; restoration;
indem
RfiST'IY 'illingtogo; obstinate.
llEST'lVE-NESiS, n. Obstinate unwillingness to
move or go ; obstinate reluctance.
BEST I.KSS, a. Void of rest; unquiet; uneasy.
'. Without rest; unquietly.
\ KSS, n. State of motion, disturb-
ance, o i j uneasiness ; disquiet.
RE-STOR'A-BLE, a. That may be restored.
RES-TO-R A'TK ) N , n. Act of replacing in a former
state; renewnl : recovery, which see.
RE-STOR'A-TlVE, rt. A medicine efficacious in re-
storing strength and vigour ; a. that tends to re-
new vigour.
RE-STORE', v. t. To return or bring back to a
former state ; hence, to heal; to repair; to re-
vive. See To RETURN.
RE-STOR'EH, n. One who restores or gives back.
RE-STRAIN' (-strfine'), v. t. To hold back or keep
in check, as by some force or obstacle. SYN. To
withhold ; to check ; to limit ; to repress ; to re-
strict.
RE-STRAIN'A-BLE, a. That may be restrained.
RE-STRAIN'ER, n. One who retrains.
RE-STKAINT' n. The act or operation of holding
back or hindering from action; abridgment of
liberty ; prohibition ; restriction ; that which re-
strains. See COMPULSION.
RE-STRlT', v. t. To hold or keep v-ithin definite
EES
392
EET
I. f , kc., long. I, i, Ac., short C!RB, JAR, LIST,
or specified bounds ; hence, to limit ; confine ; re-
strain.
BE-STRLG'TION (-strik'shun), n. Confinement
within bounds ; limitation-.
EE-STRl-GT'lVE, a. Restraining; having the
quality of limiting or of expressing limitation.
RE-STRlT'lVE-LY, ad. With restraint.
RE-STRlNGE', v. t. To confine within limits ; to
contract.
RE-STElN'GEN-CY, n. Quality or power of con-
tracting.
EE-STRtN'GENT, o. Having the power or quality
of contracting or binding ; astringent ; styptic ;
binding ; n. an astringent or styptic medicine.
REST'Y, a. The same as restive or restiff.
RE-S0LT' (re-zulf), v. i. Literally, to leap back or
rebound ; hence, to spring from, as from facts or
premises; to arise from, as from concurring
causes or circumstances ; to terminate.
RE-SOLT (re-zulf), n. Literally, act of flying back;
rebounding ; hence, that which proceeds naturally
or logically from facts, premises, &c. ; effect;
conclusion. See CONSEQUENCE.
RE-$0LT'ANCE, n. Act of resulting.
RE-SOLT'ANT, a. That results from the combina-
tion of two or more, as a, force, &c.
RE-$OM'A-BLE, a. That may be resumed.
RE-SU-ME' (ra-zu-ma'), n. [JPr.] A summing up,
or bird's eye view of a subject.
RE-SUME' (re-zume'), v. t. To take back ; to take
or begin again after absence or interruption.
RE-S0M'MON, w. t. To summon or call again.
RE-SUMPTION (re-zum'shun), n. Act of resum-
ing, taking back, or taking again.
RE-SOMFTlVE, o. Taking back or again.
RE-SC'PI-NATE, o. In botany, reversed; turned
upside down ; inverted in position.
RE-SC-PINE', a. Lying on the back.
RES-UR-RE-6'TION (rez-ur-r5k'shun), n. A ris-
ing again ; particularly, a living- again of the dead.
RE-SUR-VEY' (-sur-va'), v . t. To survey or review
again.
EE-SCS'CI-TATE, v. t. To recover from apparent
death ; to revivify.
RE-SUS-CI-TA'TION, n. Act of reviving from ap-
parent death ; reproduction.
RE-SUS'CI-TA-TlVE, o. Reviving ; raising again
to life.
RE'TAIL or RE-TAIL', n. The sale of commodities
in small quantities or parcels.
RE-TAIL', v. t. To sell in small quantities.
RE-TAlL'ER or RE'TAIL-ER, n. One who sells
goods in small quantities or parcels.
RE-TAIL'ING, n. Act of selling in small quan-
tities.
RE-TAIN' (re-tane'), v. t. To hold or keep in pos-
session ; to engage ; to employ by a fee paid, as a
lawyer. See To KEEP.
EE-TAIN'ER, n. One who retains or is retained ;
a dependent ; a hanger on ; a fee to engage coun-
sel.
EE-TAKE', v. t. To take back ; to recapture.
RE-TAL'I-ATE, v. t. To return like for like ; to re-
pay or requite by an act of the same kind as has
been received.
RE-TAL'I-ATE, v. i. To return like for like.
RE-TAL-I-ATION, n. Return of like for like ; re-
quital of evil.
EE-TAL'I-A-TIVE, "> o. Inclined to retaliate; re-
RE-TAL'I-A-TO-RY, j turning like for like.
RE-TARD', v. t. To diminish speed; to render
more slow or late ; to delay ; to hinder.
RE-TAR-DA'TION , n. Act of delaying ; the act of
abating the velocity of motion.
EE-TARD'ER, n. One who retards.
RE-TARD'MENT, n. Act of retarding.
RETCH, v. i. To make an effort 1 u vomit.
RE-TELL', v. t. To tell a second time ; to repeat
over.
RE-TENTION, n. Act of retaining or withhold-
ing ; custody ; the power of retaining.
RE-TEN'TiVE. o. Able or apt to retain.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TBRM; MARINB, BtD ; MOVB,
EE-TEN'TIVE-NESS, n. Power or quality of r*
taining, as retentiveness of memory.
EE'TI-A-RY (re'she-a-ry), n. A spider that forms a
net; a gladiator who endeavoured to throw a net
over his opponent.
RET'I-LE (rfit'e-kl), n. A small net or bag.
RE-TI-e'0-LAR,^ a. Having the form or texture of
RET'I-FORM, f a net.
RE-Ti!'tT-LATE, } a. Resembling net-work ;
RE-TI-G'0-LA-TED, j netted; having distinct
veins or lines crossing like net-work.
RE-TKJ-IT-LA'TION.. n. Net-work; organization
of substances resembling a net.
RETI-tJOLE, n. A little bag of net-work ; a lady's
work-bag.
RET'I-FORM, a. Having the form or appearance
of a net.
RET'I-NA, n. ; pi. RT'I-NJE. The net-like mem-
brane at the bottom of the eye which receives the
images of external objects.
RET'I-NOID, a. Resembling a resin, but not being
such; resin-like.
RET'I-NOE (rSt'e-nu), n. A suite or train of at-
tendants.
RE-TIRE', v. i. To withdraw from one place or
state to another less public or exposed, as from
company, battle, office, &c. ; v. t. to draw in, as to
retire one's notes. SYN. To withdraw; to re-
treat; to recede.
EE-TIRED' (re-tird'), a. Withdrawn; secluded
from much society or notice ; private.
RE-TIRED'LY (-tlrd-ly), ad. In solitude or pri-
vacy.
RE-TIRE'MENT, n. Act of withdrawing or state of
being withdrawn, as from company, public notice,
&c. ; private abode or way of life. SYN. Seclu-
sion ; privacy ; retreat.
RE-TIR'ING, a. Reserved; not forward or obtru-
sive.
RE-TORT 7 , n. A keen response to an attack ; in
chemistry, a spherical vessel with a long neck
bent back. SYN. Repartee. A retort (from re
and torqueo, to turn back upon) is a short and
pointed reply, turning back on an assailant his
own censures or derision; a repartee (from J5Y.
repartir) is usually a good-natured return to some
sportive observation without any loss of good-
humour on either side.
RE-TORT', v. t. To throw back ; to return by way
of argument or charge.
RE-TORT'ER, n. One who retorts.
RE-TOSS', v. t. To toss again ; to toss back.
RE-TOOCH' (re-tuch'), v. t. To improve by new
touches, as to retouch, a picture.
RE-TRACE', v. t. To trace back ; to go back in the
same path or course, as to retrace one's steps ; in
paintingi, to trace over again.
RE-TRAT', v. t. Literally, to draw or take back ;
hence, to recall, as a declaration, charge, &c.
SYN. To recant ; disavow.
RE-TRA-GT', v. i. To take back; to unsay.
RE-TRAT'A-ELE, a. That may be recalled.
RE-TRA-TA'TION, n. The recalling of something
said; retraction; recantation.
RE-TRAT'I-BLE, ) a. That may be drawn
RE-TRAT'1LE, j back.
RE-TRACTION, n. Literally, the act 9f drawing
or taking back ; hence, the act of withdrawing
something advanced; declaration of change of
opinion ; recantation.
RE-TR ACTIVE, a. Withdrawing; taking from.
RE-TREAD 7 (-tr&T), v. t. To tread; to pass over
again.
RE-TREAT (re-treef), n. The act of retiring, as
from an enemy ; place of retirement or of safety ;
retirement; shelter; asylum.
RE-TREAT (re-treef), v. t. To go back, as from
some danger, or to a place of safety ; to with-
draw; to retire.
RE-TRENCH', v. t. Literally , to cut or lop off ;
hence, to cut off or dispense with what is super-
fluous or unnecessary ; to lessen; to curtail.
RET
393
DOTE. W<?LF, BQOK; R0LE, BULL; vf'cious. as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; Cii as SH; IHIS.
KE-TRENCH'MENT, n. A cutting off; the act of
curtailing or lessening, as expenses ; diminution.
RE-TRlB'OTE, v. t. To pay back ; to recompense.
KET-KI-P.C'TION, n. Repayment; a return cor-
responding with conduct; requital; the distribu-
bution of rewards and punishments at the gene-
ral iudgment.
RE-TRlB'C-TlVE, \a. Eepaying; rewarding or
RE-TRIB'C-TO-RY, j punishing.
EE-TRIEVA-BLE (-treev'a-bl), o. That may be
retrieved.
RE-TRIEV'A-BLY, ad. In a retrievable manner.
BEEVE'MENT, ] n ' Act of "trievement.
RE-TRIE VE' (re-treev'), v. i. Literally, to find
again ; hence, to restore from loss or injury to a
former good state ; to recover ; to regain.
RK-TRIEVER, n. A dog employed to find and
bring game when shot.
RETRO- [L.] A prefix signifying back or backward.
RE-TRO-AT, v. i. To act backward or in return.
B-TRO-A'TION, n. Action in return or on
something preceding.
RE-TRO-AT 1VE, a. Operating by returned ac-
tion ; affecting what is past ; retrospective.
RET-1U .)-(.: K1>1 : , v.t. To cede or grant back.
R-TBOCES'SION (re-tro-sesh'uu), n. Act of going
back ; a ceding buck.
; ( )-FLEX, o. Bent in different directions.
RETKO-FBAer, a. Bent back, as if broken.
RE-TKO-GRA-DA'TION, n. A going Dack ; ap-
plied to the apparent motion of the planets.
RET'KO-GRADE, a. Going backward; apparently
moving backward, as the planets at times ; de-
clining from better to worse.
RETBO-GBADE, v. i. To go backward.
BE-TROGRES'SION (-grCsh'un), n. A going
backward ; retrpgradation.
BE-TKO-GKES'SIVE, a. Going backward.
11 KT RO-PUL-81VE, a. Driving back; repelling.
liE'.L v ltO-SPET, . A looking back on things
past ; view or contemplation of something past ;
review.
B-TRO-SP'TION, n. The act or the faculty of
looking back on past things.
RE-TRO-SPE^TIVE, o. Looking back on past
events; having reference to or affecting things
, ad. By way of retro-
O-VEET, v. t. To turn back.
KL. 1" TING, n. Act or process of retting, as flax (a
corruption of rotting, Eng.)
RE-TORN , v. i. To come or go back to the same
place, state or condition ; to answer.
RE-TURN', v. t. To bring, carry, or send back;
repay ; to render, as an account ; to give back, as
a reply. SYN. To restore. We return a thing
when we turn it lack to its appropriate place ; we
restore a thing (from restauro) when we put it
back to its former condition. A man returns what
he borrowed, and restores what he took away. A
present is returned ; a deposit is restored. We are
health by being brought back to our
former state.
RE-TORN', n. The act of coming or going back or
again to the same place or state ; the act of send-
ing back; that which is returned; reimbursement;
restitution ; report or statement.
RE-TORN'A-BLE, a. That may be returned; that
is required to be returned.
RE-TURN ER, n. One who returns.
BE-TtJRNIiESS, a. Admitting no return .
RE-TUSE', a. Ending in a broad shallow notch.
R-ON'ION (-yun'yun), n. A second union; union
after separation or disagreement ; a social gather-
ing.
BE-tJ-NlTE' (-yu-mte'), v. i. To unite again, or
after separatiou or variance.
EE-0-NlTE' (-yu-nite'), . To be united again.
RE-VEAL', t>. t To lay open or disclose, as a
secret; to communicate in confidence. SXN. To
divulge. To reveal is literally to lift the vail, and
thus make known what was previously concealed ;
to divulge (from de and tmlgo) is to scatter abroad
among the people. A mystery may be rerealcd ;
something long confined to the knowledge of -A
few may be divulged.
RE-VEAL'EK, n. One who discloses.
RE-VJJIL'LE (-re-val'ya), n. [Pr.] In military,
affairs, the beat of drum about break of day.
REVEL, v. i. To feast with noisy merriment ; to
carouse.
. I -, n. A feast with loose and noisy jollity.
RE-VEL', v. t. To draw back; to make a revul-
sion.
REV-E-LA'TION, n. The act of disclosing to
others what was before unknown to them ; that
which is revealed, particularly communication of
truth from God to man, or the truths communi-
cated; the Apocalypse.
EEV'ELL-ER, n. One feasting with noisy merri-
ment.
REVEL-ROUT, n. Tumultuous festivity.
BEVEL-BY, n. A carousing with noisy merri-
ment.
RE-VEN'DI-ATE, v. t. To reclaim ; to demand
back or claim what has been seized.
EE-VENGE', n. Malicious return of injury ; the
passion which is excited by injury.
RE-VENGE', v. t. To inflict pain deliberately and
maliciously, contrary to the laws of justice and
humanity, in return for injury received ; often in
old writers and in the Bible, it means to u .
i. e., to make just return for crime or injury, hie
AVKNGE.
RE-VENGE'FUL, a. Disposed to revenge ; full of
revenge ; vindictive ; wreaking revenge.
RE-VENGE'FUL-LY, ad. By way of revenge ; vin-
dictively.
RE-VEN6E'FUL-NESS, n. Vindictiveness.
RE-VENGE R,"n. One who revenges.
EEVE-NOE (rev'e-nuj, n. Literally, that which
comes back; hence, particularly, the annual re-
ceipts of a state from whatever sources, as taxes,
customs, &c. ; income ; return.
RE-VEB'BEB-ANT (13), a. Returning sound.
RE-VER'BER-ATE, v. t. To send or beat back, or
from side to side ; to echo.
RE-VER'BER-ATE, v. i. To be driven back or re-
pelled ; to rebound ; to resound.
RE-VER-BEB-A'TION, n. The act of reverberat-
ing.
RE-VfiR'BER-A-TO-EY, a. Eeturning; beating
back ; n. a furnace that reflects flame.
RE-VERE', v. t. To regard with fear mingled with
respect and affection. SYN. To reverence; vene-
: honour.
REVER-ENCE, n. Fear mingled with respect and
affection; an act of respect or obeisance. SYX.
Veneration ; awe.
REVER-ENCE, v. t. To regard with reverence.
REVER-EN-CEE, n. One that regards with rever-
ence.
REVER-END, a. Entitled to reverence ; a title of
respect given to clergymen ; in England,
prefixed for a dean, right for a bishop, and most for
an archbishop ; in -Scotland, very is prefixed for the
principals of universities, and the moderators of
the General Assemblies.
REV'ER-ENT, a. Expressing reverence; submis-
sive ; humble.
REV-ER-ENTIAL (-n'shai;, a. Proceeding from
veneration or expressing it ; reverent.
REV-ER-EVTIAL-LY, ad. With reverence.
REVER-ENT-LY, ad. With awe; respectfully.
RE-VR'ER, n. One who reveres.
REVER-lE (rSv'er-e or rev-i-r-e'), } n. A loose or
REVER-Y, 5 irregular train
of thoughts occurring iu musing and meditation ;
a wild conceit ; a chimera; a vision.
RE-VER'.SAL (13), n. Act of reversing ; a change
or overthrowing, as the reversal of a judgment.
RE-VER'SAL, a. Intending to reverse.
EEV
394
RHA
i, fi, <fcc., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAK, LAST, *ALL, WHAT; THERE, TRM ; MARINE, BtKD; MOVE,
peal.
VO-6A-TO-RY, a.
RE
RE-VOICE', v. t.
BE-VERSE', v. t. Literally, to turn back or in a
contrary direction ; hence, to change from one
position, order, or state to the opposite ; to make
void or annul. SYN. To invert ; overturn ; sub-
vert ; repeal.
RE-VERSE', 11. Change or vicissitude; change for
the worse ; contrary ; opposite ; the opposite
side, as of a medal or coin ; opposite to obverse.
RK-VERSE'LY, ad. On the opposite side.
RE-VER'sI-BLE, a. That may be reversed.
RE-VER'SION (-ver'shun), n. A returning, as of a
possession to the former owner ; the residue of
an estate after determination of another estate ; a
payment not due till the occurrence of some con-
tingent event.
EE-VER'SION-A-RY, a. Pertaining to a reversion ;
that is to be enjoyed in succession.
RE-VER'SION-ER, n. One who holds or is en-
titled to a reversion.
RE-VERT', v. i. To return; to fall back ; to rever-
berate ; in law, to return to a proprietor.
RE-VERT'I-BLE, a. That may revert.
RE-VERT'lVE, o. Changing; reversing.
REV'E-RY. See REVERIE.
RE-VEST", v. t. To clothe again ; to put again in
possession ; to reinvest.
RE- VEST', v. i. To take effect again, as a title ; to
return to its former owner.
RE-VET'MENT, n. A wall without the rampart.
RE-VI'BRATE, v. t. To vibrate acrain.
R-ylCT'UAL (re-vit'tl), v. t. To furnish again
with provisions.
RE- VIEW (re-vu'), v. t. To look back on ; to re-
examine ; to inspect, particularly troops ; to exa-
mine and remark on critically.
RE-VIEW (re-vu'), n. A second or repeated view ; , m K LU pruuuue u r&
re-examination ; a critical essay on a new publi- ! REV-O-LO'TION-ER
cation ; a periodical work devoted to such essays
or criticisms ; an inspection of troops.
RE-VIEWER (re-vu'er), n. One who reviews ; an
inspector ; one that critically examines a new
RE-VlV'I-FY, v. t. To recall to life ; to give new
life or vigour to ; to reanimate.
REV-1-VlS'CENCE, n. Renewal of life.
REV-I-VIS'CENT, a. Regaining or restoring life.
RE-VIV'OR, n. The reviving of a suit after the
death of any of the parties.
REV'O-GA-BLE, a. That may be revoked.
REV'O-A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being revoc-
able.
REV-O-A'TION, n. Act of revoking ; recall ; re-
Revoking ; recalling.
To refit and retune an organ.
publication and communicates his opinion of its
merits.
RE-VILE', v. t. To assail with opprobrious lan-
guage. SYN. To vilify ; reproach ; insult.
RE-VIL'ER, n. One who reviles.
RE-VIL'ING, n. The act of reviling or treating
with reproachful words.
RE-VlN'DI-OlTE, v. t. To vindicate again ; to re-
claim.
EE-VI'SAL (re-vl'zal), n. Act of revising or re-ex-
amining for correction ; revision.
RE-VISE', (re-vize'), v. t. To look over with care
for correction ; to review ; to amend.
RE-VISE' (re-vize'), n. Review ; a second proof-
sheet taken after the first correction.
RE-VIS'ER (re-vi'zer), n. One who revises or re-
examines for correction.
RE-Vl"SION (re-vizh'un), n. The act of revising;
re-examination for correction. SYN. Revisal ; re-
view.
RE-VI"$ION-AL (-vizh'un-), ") o. Containing or
RE-VI"SION-A-RY, $ pertaining to re-
vision.
RE-VlS'IT, v. t. To visit again.
EE-VIS-IT-A'TION, n. Act of revisiting.
RE-VI'SO-RY, a. Having power to revise.
RE-Vl'VAL, n. Return to life ; return or recovery
from any low state, as of langour, depression,
neglect, &c., to a better one ; as of activity, pros-
perity, &c. ; a more active attention to religion.
RE-VI'VAL-IST, n. A minister of the Gospel who
promotes revivals of religion.
RE-VIVE', v. t. To restore or bring to life; to re-
cover from a state of depression, neglect, &c. ; to
renew ; to reanimate ; to quicken.
KE-VlVE', v. i. To return to life ; to recover new
life and vigour, or from a state of neglect, depres-
sions, &c.
RB-VIV'ER, n. He who or that which revives.
RE-VrV-I-Fl-A'TION, n. Renewal or restora-
tion of life.
RE-VOKE', v. t. To recall; to reverse ; to declare
void, as a will or law ; to repeal, which see.
EE-VOLT' or RE-VOLT', v. i. To turn round or
away from ; hence, to renounce allegiance, as a
state ; to rebel.
RE-VOLT or RE-VOLT, v. t. To turn ; to do vio-
lence to ; to cause to turn away with abhor-
rence.
RE-VOLT' or EE-VOLT, n. Renunciation of allegi-
ance or duty. SYN. Rebellion ; insurrection,
which see.
RE-VOLT'EE or BE-VOLT'ER, n. One who re-
volts ; a rebel.
REV'O-LU-BLE, a. That may revolve.
REVO-LUTE, a. Rolled back or downward.
REV-O-LD'TION, n. Literally, a rolling or moving
round, as of a body round its axis, a planet round
the sun, &c. ; hence, any analogous regular re-
turn or change, as of the seasons ; in politics, a
great or entire change in the constitution of go-
vernment. SYN. Rotation.
REV-O-LU'TION-A-RY, a. Pertaining to or tend-
ing to produce a revolution in government.
EV-O-LU'TION-ER, ), One engaged in a
REV-O-LU'TION-IST, $ change of government.
REV-O-LO'TION-I*M, n. State of revolutions.
REV-O-LO'TION-IZE, v. t. To effect an entire
change in government or in principles.
RE-VOLVE', v. i. To turn or roll round ; to move
round a centre.
RE-VOLVE', v. t. To turn again and again, as to
revolve thoughts in the mind.
RE-VOLV'EN-CY, n. Act or principle of revolving;
tendency to revolve ; revolution.
EE-VOLV'ER, n. A fire-arm with a number of bar-
rels, which so revolve as to bring them rapidly in-
to a position for being discharged.
RE-VOL'SION (-vtil'shun), n. Act of turning or
diverting ; a holding or drawing back.
RE-VUL'SlVE, a. Having the power of diverting.
RE-WARD', v. t. To give in return either good or
evil ; to give to in token of merit or approbation.
SYN. To repay ; recompense ; requite.
RE- WARD', n. An equivalent or just return for the
conduct of a moral agent, whether good or ill;
distinctive recompense tor good conduct, services,
&c. SYN. Requital; recompense; remuneration;
compensation ; retributi< >n.
RE-WARD'A-BLE, a. Worthy of reward.
RE-WARD'ER, a. One who rewards.
RE-WARD'LESS, o. Having no reward.
REX, n. [L.] A king.
REY'NAED (ra'nard), n. An appellation given to a
fox ; renard.
H, after R, is silent.
RHAB-DOL'O-6Y (rab-), . The art of computing
or numbering by Napier's rods or bones.
RHAB'DO-MAN-CY, n. Divination by a rod or
RHA'HE-O-SAU-RIJS, n. The rock lizard.
EHAP-SOD'I-AL (rap-), a. Consisting of or per-
taining to rhapsody ; unconnected ; extravagant.
RIlAP'SO-DlZE, v. i. To write or deliver rhapso-
dies.
RHAP SO-DIST (rap-), n. One who writes or sings
rhapsodies; one who writes or speaks without
regular dependence of one part of his discourse
to another.
EHAP'SO-DY (rfip'so-dy), n. Originally, songs or
EHA
395
RID
D6VE, W<?LF, BOQK; R^LE, BTTLL ; Tl"CIOUS. as E ; d OS J ; 8 R3 Z ; C"H 83 8H; THIS.
portions of a poein joined together or recited; [ RlB'ALD, n. Alow, vulgar wretch ; a lewd fellow.
hence, a wild, rambling composition or discourse.
A-NY, n. A highly astringent root used in
" doctoring" port wine.
;>H ren'ish), a. Pertaining to the river
Rhine, or to K helms, in France.
RHT'O-RI (ret'o-rik), n. The science of oratory;
the art of speaking with propriety, elegance and
force ; the power of persuasion or attraction.
RHE-TOBTG-AL (re-tSr'e-kal), a. Pertaining to
rhetoric; orator
RHE-TOK're-AL-LY, acl. In a rhetorical manner ;
according to rhetorical rifles.
RHET-O-R1"CIAN (ret-o-rlsh'an), n. One who
teaches or is well versed in rhetoric.
RHE0M (31), (rume), n. A thin, watery fluid se-
creted by the mucous glands, &c., as in catarrh ;
an increased action of the vessels of any ox
RHEO-MAT'I (ru-inat'ik), a. Affected with rheu-
matism or partaking of its nature.
RHEC'MA-TL-M rii ma-tizm), n. A painful disease
affecting the muscles and joints.
RHEUM'Y (ru'rny), o. Full of rheum or consisting
of it.
RHI'NO (n'no), n. A cant word for gold and silver,
or money
RHI-NO-CE'RI-AL (rl-no-), a. Pertaining to or re-
sembling the rhinoceros.
RHI-NOC K-KOS (rl-nus'-), n. A genus of large
pachydermatous animals of Asia and Africa, some
species of which have one and others two horns
on the nose.
RHI-NO-PLASTK!, a. Forming a nose ; denoting
a surgical operation for renewing or supplying a
substitute for the nose.
RlIfVDI-UM, n. A metal, extremely hard, brittle,
and difficult to fuse, discovered in 1803 among
grains of platinum.
RHO-UO-pEN'BROST, n. A genus of ornamental
shrubs, including the bay-laurel, &c.
RlB'ALD, a. Low; vulgar; mean.
RfB'ALD-RY, n. Mean, vulgar Language; chiejiy
obscene language.
RlBBD (rtbd), a. Furnished with ribs; inclosed
with ribs ; having: rising lines and channels, as
ribbed cloth.
Ill 15 _'B< )N, n. A fillet of silk ; a narrow web or slip
of satin or silk used for ornament, &c. ; written
also riband, but improperly.
: ) , o. Adorned with ribbons.
KlB'ROAST, v. t. To beat soundly. [BurlesqueJ]
KICK, n. An esculent grain of warm climates.
RlCE'-PA-PE K, n. A material brought from China,
and used for the manufacture of fancy articles, or
for painting upon. It is obtained from a legumin-
ous plant.
RICH, a. In general, having a great abundance of
something valuable ; hence possessing much pro-
perty ; abounding in qualities that render precious,
or in the particular thing or properties for which
any thing is prized, as a rich silk, soil, ore, dis-
course, landscape, music, &c. SYN. Wealthy ;
opulent ; affluent ; abundant ; plentiful ; precious j
sumptuous.
RlCH'ES, n. pi. Abundant possessions or treas-
ures. STX. "VVenlth; opulence ; affluence.
RlCH'LY, ad. With riches; plenteously; abund-
antly.
RiCH'NESS, n. The quality of being rich; opu-
lence ; wealth ; abundance of any ingredient or
quality, or of whatever constitutes perfection or
value.
RlcK, n. A long pile of hay or grain.
RlCK'ETS, n. pi. A disease in children producing
distortion of spine and other bodily deformities.
RICK'ET- Y, a. Affected with rickets ; weak ; feeble
in the joints ; imperfect.
Rl-6'O-CHET (rik'o-shetorrfk'o-sha), n. In gunnery,
the firing of guns, mortars, &c., sufficiently ele-
[0MB, ) n. A figure of four equal sides, but [ vated to carry the balls over a parapet, and cause
RHOM'BUS, } un<' them to roll along the opposite rampart.
RHO.M'BI, a. Having the figure of a rhomb.
RHOM'BOID (ruin'boid), n. A figure having some
resemblance to a rhomb.
RHOM-HOIL'AL, a. Having the shape of a rhom-
boid.
RHC'BARB (rtYbiirb), n. A plant and root, moder-
ately cathartic, much used in medicine ; a gar-
den plant.
RHOMB, n. A circle on the earth's surface mak-
ing an angle with the meridian of the place ; one
of the divisions of the compass-card.
RHYME (i-Ime), n. Correspondence of sounds in
the end or other part of two or more verses ; a
harmonica! succession of sounds ; poetry ; rhyme
or reason, number or sense.
RHYME (rime), t). i. To accord in sound ; to make
rhyming verses,
til YME, v. t. To put into rhyme.
n - O ne wno makes rhymes: a
versifier; a poor poet.
RHYTHM (rithm), ) n. An harmonious ar-
RHYTH'MUS (rfth'mus), ) rangement or succes-
sion of sounds, accents, impulses, &c., as in
poetry or music, according tc some law ; variety
in musical movements. Good prose p<
rhythm, but less marked or regular than that of
verse. SYN. Metre; measure; numbers.
RHYTH'MIG-AL (rtth'me-kal), a. Pertaining to
rhythm ; having proportion of sound ; duly regu-
lated by cadence, accents, and quantities.
Rt'AL (re'al), n. A Spanish coin ; a real.
HI-AL'TO (re-al'to), n. [It.] A famous bridge in
Venice.
RlB, n. One of the side-bones in animal bodies ; a
timber that strengthens the side of a ship ; any
ridge, rising or strengthening piece analogous to
a rib.
RlB, v. t. To furnish with ribs : to inclose with
ribs.
Rl-O-CHET (-shef or -sha ), v. t. To operate up-
on by ricochet firing.
RlD, v. t. To free ; to disengage ; to clear; to dis-
encumber.
RID'DANCE, n. A clearing away; deliverance.
RlD'DLE, 71. A large sieve ; a puzzling question
or proposition to be solved by guessing ; any
thing ambiguous or puzzling. SYN. Enigma;
puzzle.
RIDDLE, v. t. To clear from chaff with a riddle ;
to perforate with holes, as a riddle ; to solve ;
more properly, UNRIDDLE j v. t. to speak ombigu-
ously.
RIDE, v. t. To be carried on horseback or in a
vehicle; to float; to practise riding.
RIDE, v. t. To sit on so as to be carried ; to man-
age at will.
RIDE, n. Motion on horseback or in a vehicle.
SYN. Drive. Ride originally meant (and is so
used throughout the English Bible) to be carried
either on horseback or in a vehicle of any kind.
Drive is now applied in most (though not all) cases
to motion in a carriage, as a drive round the park,
&c., while ride is appropriated to motion on a
horse.
RlD'ER, n. One who rides ; an additional clause
to a bill.
RlDGE, n. The back or top of the back ; the top
or upper part of any elongated elevation, great or
small, as of a mountain, house, &c.
RlD<jE, v. t. To form into ridges; to wrinkle.
.a. Having ridges; rising in a ridge.
RlD'I-CLE, n. A laughing at, or wit that ex-
poses the object of it to laughter and contempt ;
derision; it expresses less than scorn. SYN. De-
rision ; mockery ; satire.
RlD'I-CLE, v. t. To laugh at or expose to laugh-
ter ; to treat with contemptuous merriment.
STN. To mock ; rally ; dtride, which see.
RlD'I-0L-ER, n. One who ridicules.
RID
396
RIN
I, S, 4c., long. 1, i, &c., short. CAKE, FAR, LAST,
Rl-Dl'C-LOUS, o. That may justly be laughed
at. STN. Preposterous; odd; ludicrous, which
see.
Rl-Dt'fT-LOUS-LY, ad. So as to excite ridicule.
Rl-Dl'(T-LOUS-NESS, n. Quality of being ridi-
culous.
RlD'ING, n. The act of one who rides ; a road
made for the diversion of riding ; one of three di-
visions of Yorkshire [corrupted from trithing, a
third.]
RlDTNG, a. Used in riding ; employed in travel-
ling.
RlD'ING-OAT, . A coat for a journey.
ElD'ING-HAB-IT, n. A garment for females to
wear when they travel or ride.
EID'ING-HQQD, n . A hood for females when rid-
ing ; a kind of cloak with a hood.
RID'ING-SHOOL (-skool), n. A school for in-
struction in riding.
Rl-DOT'TO, n. An Italian entertainment consist-
ing in music and dancing.
RIFE, a. Prevalent ; prevailing ; plentiful.
ElFE'LY, ad. Prevalently; commonly; fre-
quently.
RlFE'NESS, n. Prevalence; frequency.
RlFF'RAFF, n. Sweepings ; refuse.
Rl'FLE (rl'fl), n. A gun with spiral grooves or
channels on the inside of the barrel; a mower's
whetstone.
El'FLE (ri'fl), v. t. To seize and bear away by
force. SYN. To rob ; plunder ; pillage.
RI'FLE-MAN, n. One who uses a rifle.
HITLER, n. One who rifles ; a pillager; one who
seizes and bears away by violence.
ElFT, n. An opening made by riving or splitting ;
a cleft ; a fissure ; a fording place.
ElFT, v. t. To rive; to split; v. i. to burst open ;
to split.
RlFT'Y, a. Having rifts or fissures.
ElG, v. t. To fit with rigging ; to trim or dress.
RlG, n. Dress ; manner of being rigged ; a romp ;
a wanton ; to run the rig upon, to play a sportive or
wanton trick.
RIG-A-DOON', n. A brisk dance by two persons.
EI-GA'TION, n. A watering ; irrigation.
BI'OEL, n. A star in the constellation Orion.
RlG'GER, n. One who rigs, as a ship.
RlG'GING, n. The ropes or tackle of a ship;
RIGHT (rite), a. Literally, straight; stretched to
straightness; hence, upright as opposed to ob-
lique ; in morals, accordant with the standard of
truth and justice, or the divine law; just; equit-
able ; consonant with fitness or propriety ; becom-
ing ; correct ; as a relative term, its signification
varies with its application, but retaining more or
less distinctly the idea of straightness or accord-
ance with a fixed line or standard; relatively
strong or fit for use, as the right hand ; on the
same side as the right hand ; the right bank of a
river is that on the right hand of a person looking
down the stream.
EIGHT (rite), n. Rectitude or straightness of con-
duct ; conformity to an absolute standard of truth
and justice, or to the will of God ; conformity to
human laws, or to some standard of fitness, pro-
priety, truth, &c. ; justice ; just claim; immu-
nity; privilege; prerogative; interest; property ;
side opposed to left.
RIGHT, ad. Directly ; according to law or rule ; in
a straight line ; according to fact or truth ; in a
great degree. It is prefixed to titles, as Right Wor-
shipful.
EIGHT (rite), v. t. To do justice to; to relieve
from wrong ; to take a proper position.
RIGHT-ANG'GLE (rite'-ang-gl), n. In geometry,
an angle of ninety degrees, or one fourth of a
circle.
RlGHT'EOUS (ri'chus), a. Conformed to the
standard of right or to the divine law. STN.
Just; religious; equitable; merited; virtuous;
upright.
FALL, WHAT; THiBE, TBRM ; MARINE, BlRD ;
RIGHTEOUS-LY (n'chus-l>), ad. In accordance
with the laws of justice. SYN. Justly; honestly ;
religiously.
RIGHT'EOUS-NESS (ri'chus-nessj, n. Conformity
of heart and life to the divine law or to a perfect
standard of justice and right. SYN. Justice ; re-
ligion ; piety ; uprightness.
RlGHT'ER (ri'ter), n. One who sets ri^ht
RIGHTFUL (rite'-), o. Having a right or just
claim ; consonant to justice.
RTGHT'FUL-LY (rite'-), ad. According to rit?ht.
RIGHTFUL-NESS <nte'-), n. According with the
rules of right. SYN. Rectitude ; justice.
IllGHT'-HAND, n. The hand opposite the left;
usually the most employed ; the strongest, most
convenient, or dextrous haud.
RIGHT'LY (rlte'ly), ad. With right; properly;
justly ; exactly.
RIGHT'NESS (rite'ness), n. The quality of being
right ; conformity to truth or to the divine will ;
straightness ; correctness.
Rl(j'ID, a. Difficult to bend, literally or metapho-
rically; stiff; unpliant; severe; strict; exact;
severely iust.
Rl-GlD'I-TY, ) n. The quality of being rigid or
RlG'ID-NESS, C not easy to bend ; stiffness of ap-
pearance or manner. SYN. Stiffness ; strictness.
RlG'ID-LY, ad. Strictly; exactly; severely:
stiffly.
RlG'MA-ROLE, n. A succession of confused state-
ments or idle stories.
RlG'OUR, n. Extreme or unyielding strictness ; a
stiffening or shivering, as with cold ; stiffness of
opinion or temper. SYN. Strictness; severity;
stiffness ; rigidness.
RlG'OR-OUS, a. Full of rigour or unbending
exactness. SYN. Severe ; exact ; strict.
RlG'OR-OUS-LY, ad. With rigour; without re-
laxation or abatement. SYN. Severely; strictly;
exactly.
RIG'OR-OUS-NESS, n. Severity without abate-
ment or mitigation ; exactness ; strictness.
RILL, n. A small brook or streamlet.
RlLL, v. i. To run in a small stream.
RlM, n. A border; edge; side; margin; lower
part of the belly or abdomen.
RlM, p. t. To put on a riin or hoop at the border.
RIME, n. Hoar-frost ; a chink or fissure.
Rl'MOSE. ) a. In natural history, full of chinks ;
RPMOUS, f chinky, as the bark of a tree.
Rl-MOS'I-TY, n. State of being chinky.
RlM'PLE (rfm'pl), n. A fold or wrinkle.
RlM'PLE, v. t. To rumple ; to wrinkle.
RlM'PLlNG, n. Undulation ; uneven motion.
RIM'Y, a. Full of rime ; frosty.
RIND, n. Skin, bark, or outer coat.
RIND'ER-PEST, n. The cattle-plague.
RING, n. A circle, or any thing in a circular form
with an open central space, as a ring of persons, a
ring for the finger, &c.
RING, n. A sound, as the ring of a bell ; any loud
sound ; a chime or set of bells.
RING, v. t. [pret. and pp. RUNG.] To cause to
sound as a bell ; to encircle ; to fit with rings.
RING, v. i. To sound, as a bell ; to resound ; to
form a circle.
RlNG'-BOLT, n. An iron bolt with a ring.
RlNG'-Dl-AL, n. A pocket sun-dial in the form of
a perforated and gr-aduated ring.
RlNG'-DOVE, n. A species of pigeon.
RlN'GENT, a. Gaping, as the corolla of dead-nettle.
RlNG'ER, n. One who rings.
RlNG'LEAD-ER, n. The leader of an association
for some unlawful purpose.
RlNG'LET, n. A small ring ; a curl of hair.
RlNG'-STREAKED (rlng'-streekt), o. Circularly
striped.
ElNG'-WORM (-wttrm), n. A ring-shaped cuta-
neous eruption.
RINSE, v. t. To cleanse by plunging in or apply-
ing water ; to wash slightly.
RlNS'ER,n. One that rinses.
397
ROB
DOVE, W<?LF, B?<?K ; B^LB, B^LL ; Vl"CIOU8.
Rl'OT, n. Wild, noisy festivity ; a tumult by a
mob; at common law. a tumultuous disturbance
of the peace by three or more persons mutually
assisting each other. Srx. Tumult; uproar;
sedition. To run riot, to act without restraint.
El'OT, r. t. To run to noisy excess, as in feastinsr,
&c. ; to revel ; to luxuriate ; to banquet ; to be
highly excited ; to make an uproar.
RI'OT-ER, n. One who joins in a riot.
RI'OT-OUS, a. Guilty of or marked with riot;
noisy ; licentious.
RI'OT-OUS-LY, ad. In a riotous manner; tumult-
uously.
RI'OT-OUS-NESS, n. State of being riotous.
RIP, n. A tearing; a place torn; laceration.
RIP, v. i. To tear up; to cut or tear asunder. To
rip out ; to utter hastily or violently.
Rl-PA'RI-AN, a. Relating to a river-bank.
RIPE, a. Brought to maturity or perfection in
growth, or to the best state ; advanced in readi-
ness or fitness for something, as ripe for war;
complete ; finished. SYK. Mature, which see.
RIPE LY, ad. Maturely ; at the fit time.
BIFJSN irl'pn), v. t. To make ripe or to mature ;
to prepare ; to bring to perfection.
RlP'EN, v. i. To grow ripe; to approach or come
to perfection ; to be matured.
RIPE'NESS, n. State of being ripe; maturity;
perfection; full growth.
RlP'PER, n. One who tears or cuts open.
RlP'PLE, v. t. or v. i. To form into little waves
or ripples, as the surface of water when agi-
tated.
RlPPLE, n. A breaking of the surface of a fluid
into little waves or undulations, as water flowing
roughly ; a lar#e comb for flax.
BIPTLE-MARK, n. The undulating mark formed
in sand by the shallow water of the receding tide.
Rll'TLINO, n. The breaking of ripples or the
noise of it ; a hntchelling.
RlP'RAP, n. In engineering, a foundation of stones
thrown together without order.
RISE, r. t. [pret. ROSE ; pp. RISEN.] The leading
idea is to move or pass upward in any mrxuuer, as
to rise from bed, the river rises, stocks rise, prices
rise; hence, to take rise, as the river rises in the
mountains ; to appear in sight, as the land rises
to view, &c.
RISE (rice), n. Act of rising; ascent; elevation;
first appearance ; origin.
RISER (rlzer), n. One that rises; upright of a
stair.
Rl$-I-BlL'I-TY or Rl-Sl-BlLT-TT, n. The quality
of being risible ; proneness to laugh. Risibility is
peculiar to the human species.
:. - .;LE or Rl'SI-BLE (rlz'e-bl or rl'ze-bl), a.
Having the faculty or power of laughing ; exciting
or adapted to raise laughter. SYN. Laughable;
ludicrous ; ridiculous.
RlS'ING, n. Act of getting up or of ascending;
ascent ; the coming of a heavenly body above the
horizon ; a taking stand against government ; in-
surrection.
RISK, n. Exposure to or chance of harm or loss.
SYS. Hazard ; peril ; danger, which see.
RISK, v. t. To hazard; to expose to danger.
RISK'ER, n. One who hazards.
RITE, n. A formal religious act or ceremony esta-
blished by custom or law. SYN. Ceremony ; ordi-
nance ; observance.
RI-TOR-NEL'LO, u. [It.] In music, repetition of a
strain ; the burden of a song.
RlT'C-AL (rtt'yu-al), n. A book of rites or cere-
monies.
RlT'tf-AL (rit'yu-al), a. Pertaining to or describ-
ing rites. SYN. Ceremonial ; formal.
RIT'C-AL-ISM, n. The system of prescribed forms
of religious worship.
RlT'fJ-AL-lST, n. One skilled in the ritual.
RIT'0-AL-LY, ad. By rites and ceremonies.
Rl'VAL, n. One who is in purs ait of the same ob-
ject as another and which only one can possess ;
asK; 6asj; asz; ciiasSH; fins.
one striving to equal or excel another. STK.
Competitor; antagonist; emulator.
Rl'VAL, a. Having like claims ; standing in com-
petition.
HI'VAL, v. t. To stand in competition with; to
strive for the same thing ; to emulate.
RI'VAL-RY, ^n. Strife for excellence or supe-
RI'VAL-SHIP.J riority, or to obtain an object
which another is pursuing. SYN. Competition;
emulation, which see.
RIVE, v. t. [pref. RIVED; pp. RIVEN.] To rend
asunder by force. SYN. To split ; cleave.
RIVE, v. i. To be split or rent asunder.
RlV'EL, v. t. To shrivel; to contract; to wrinkle.
RlV'ER, n. A large stream of water flowing in a
channel on land toward the ocean, a lake, or an-
other river.
RlVER-GOp, n. A deity supposed to preside over
a river as its tutelary divinity ; a naiad.
RIVER-HORSE, n. Hippopotamus.
RIVET, v. t. To fasten with rivets; to fasten
firmly ; to clinch.
RIVET, n. A pin of metal clinched at one or both
ends by being hammered and spread.
Rl-VOSE', a. In zoology, marked with furrows,
sinuate and irregular.
RlV'0-LET (rlv'yu-let), n. A small stream or
brook ; a streamlet.
RlX'-DOL-LAR, n. A silver coin in Europe of dif-
ferent values, but usually from 4s. to 4s. 8d.
ROACH, n. A fresh-water fish, of the carp family.
ROAD (rode), n. A public way for travelling; a
place for ships at anchor. SYN. Way ; highway ;
street. Way is generic, denoting any line for pas-
sage or conveyance ; a highway is literally one
raised for the sake of dryness and convenience in
travelling ; a road (from ride) is a way for horses
and carriages ; a street (Latin, via lapidibus strata)
is, etymologically, a paved way, as early made in
towns and cities.
ROAD'STEAD (rode'stSd), n. A place where ships
may ride at anchor.
ROAD'STER, 11. Among seamen, a vessel riding
at anchor in a road or bay; a horse fitted for tra-
velling.
ROAM (rome), v. t. To range ; to wander over.
ROAM, v. t. To walk or move about froin place to
place without any certain purpose or direction.
SYN. To rove ; ramble ; wander.
ROAM'ER, n. A rambler ; a wanderer.
ROAN (rone), a. Bay, sorrel, or dark, with white
hairs or small white spots intermixed.
ROAN, n. An imitation of Morocco leather in
sheep instead of goat skin.
ROAR (rorej, r. i. To make a full, loud, continuous
sound or cry, as a lion, or the wind in a storm.
SYK. To howl; bellow.
ROAR (rore), n. A loud noise or sound of some
continuance, as of a bull or cannon ; a clamour.
ROAR'ER, n. One that roars, man or beast.
ROAR'ING, . A loud continuous noise, as of bil-
lows or a wild beast.
ROARTf, a. Dewy ; more properly rory.
ROAST (roste), v. t. To cook or prepare meat or
other food by heat before a fire ; to heat to ex-
cess ; to dry and parch by exposure to heat, as
coffee.
ROAST (roste), n. That which is roasted; o. roasted.
To rule the roast, to govern the company.
ROASTER, n. One that roasts ; a contrivance for
roasting ; a pig for roasting.
ROAST'ING, n. The act of roasting, as meat; pro-
tracted exposure of ores to heat below the fusing
point ; a severe teasing or bantering.
ROB, n. Thickened juice of fruit with sugar, &c.
ROB, v. t. In lau% to take feloniously or by illegal
force; to take from; to deprive. SYN. To plun
der ; steal ; pillage.
ROB'BER, n. One who plunders another by force ;
one who takes that to which he has no right.
SYN. Plunderer ; thief.
ROB'BER- Y, n. A forcible taking from the person
ROB
398
ROM
A, a, &c., long. I, fi, <fec., short. clEE, FAB, LAST
of another feloniously; unlawful taking. SYN
Theft.
ROB'BINS, n. pi. Short plaited pieces of rope used
to secure the upper part of sails to their yards.
EOBE, n. A kind of gown or loose garment wen
over other dresses, particularly on occasions o:
state or dignity; an elegant dress; splendid at-
tire.
ROBE, v. t. To put on a robe; to dress with mag
nificence.
BOB'IN, n. A bird ; robin-redbreast.
ROB-IN-GQOD'FEL-LOW, An old domestic gob-
lin or fairy, also called Puck.
ROB'0-RANT, o. Strengthening; n. a strengthen-
ing medicine.
RO-BO'EE-OUS, a. Made of oak ; oaken.
EO-B0ST', a. Having great solidity and strength
of muscle united to a powerful frame. SYN.
Strong. Bobust (Latin robur) means, literally,
made of oak, and hence implies great compactness
and toughness of muscle, connected with a thick-
set frame and great powers of endurance ; strong
(connected with strain) denotes the power of
exerting great physical force. The robust man can
bear heat or cold, excess or privation, and toil on
through every kind of hardship ; the strong man
can lift a greater weight than his neighbour, and
can give a heavier blow and a harder gripe.
EO-BCST'NESS, n. The state or quality of being
robust; strength; lustiness; vigour.
EO, \n. The well-known monstrous bird of
EOCK, J Arabian mythology.
EOCHE, n. Rock.
EOCHE'-AL-UM, 11. A pure kind of alum deprived
oi part of its water of crystallization ; rock-alum.
EOCH'ET, n. A linen habit worn by bishops.
ROCK, n. A large mass of stony matter ; hence,
figuratively, strength or protection. SYN. Stone.
Rock (connected with crag) always denotes a
large and heavy mass of stone.
ROCK, v. t. or v. i. To move or to be moved back-
ward and forward with easy or rolling motion, as
a cradle or as in a cradle ; a rocking body is above
its support or axis of motion ; a swinging one be-
low it ; ribration is a quicker reciprocating mo-
tion ; shaking, both quicker and more violent.
EOCK, n. A distaff, used in spinning.
EOCK'-BOUND, a. Hemmed in by rocks.
EOCK'-RYS-TAL, n. Pure crystallized silica ;
transparent quartz.
EOCK'EE, n. One that rocks ; a curving piece of
wood on which a cradle "or chair rocks.
EOCK'ET, n. An artificial firework that is driven
in whatever direction it is pointed by a reaction-
ary force arising from the combustion of its
charge ; a plant.
ROCK'I-NESS, n. State of having an abundance of
rocks.
ROCK'LESS, a. Free from rocks.
EOCK. '-OIL, n. A name for petroleum.
EOCK'-PIG-EON, n. The original of the domestic
pigeon.
BOCK'-SALT, n. Mineral salt or chloride of
sodium ; salt in rock masses.
EOCK'-WOEK, n. Masonry in imitation of rocks ;
an ornamental pile of stones for the growth of
Alpine plants.
EOCK/Y, a. Full of rocks ; like a rock ; hard.
ROD, n. The shoot or long twig of any woody
plant ; hence, any long, slender piece of wood or
metal; an instrument of correction or punish-
ment ; a measure of length containing 163 feet,
called also perch, or pole ; figuratively, power ; au-
thority ; a sceptre.
EODE, pret. of RIDE.
EO'DENT, a. Gnawing, as an animal ; n. an animal
that gnaws.
EOD'O-MONT, a. Bragging ; n. a vain boaster.
ROD-0-MONT-ADE', n. Vain boasting ; bluster.
ROD-O-MONT-AmST, n. A blustering boaster.
HOE (ro), n. The female of the hart.
ROE (ro), n. The seed or spawn of fishes.
FAIL, WHAT; TH*BE, Tina; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
ROE'BUCK (ro'buk), n. A small species of deer.
RO-GA'TION, n. Supplication ; the litany.
RO-GA'TION-WEEK, n. The second week beforo
Whitsunday, containing three fast-days.
EOGUE (rog), n. Originally, a vagabond or beg-
gar ; a man who is knavish or dishonest, particu-
larly in mutual dealings ; used jocularly or as a
term of endearment, a sly fellow, or one playfully
mischievous, as a child. SYN. Knave ; villain.
EOGU'ER-Y, n. Dishonest tricks ; knavish prac-
tices.
ROGUE' S'-YAEN, n. A coloured yarn or thread
inserted into royal cordage to identify it if stolen.
ROGU'ISH (rog'ish;, a. Knavish; dishonest; wag-
gish ; slightly mischievous.
EOGU'ISH-LY, ad. Like a rogue; knavishly; wan-
EOGU'ISH-NESS, n. The qualities of a rogue;
knavery ; dishonesty ; archness.
ROIL, v. t. To make turbid by stirring lees ; to
disturb ; to excite some degree of anger.
EOIL'Y, a. Turbid. [Colloquial.]
ROIS'TEE-EE, n. A bold, blustering fellow.
EOLL, v. t. To move along with successive con-
tact of surface, as a round body on a plane ; to
drive or impel a body with a circular motion ; to
wrap round on itself; to press or level with a
roller ; to revolve.
EOLL, v. i. To move; to revolve; to move by
turning and advancing, as a ball on a plane ; to
advance with a turning or curling motion, as
waves ; to move circularly or with undulation ; to
revolve ; to sound continuously, as on a drum
rapidly beaten.
EOLL, n. The act of rolling or state of being
rolled ; a thing rolled ; a turn ; register ; in anti-
quity, a volume ; chronicle. See LIST.
ROLL'EE, n. A round body that rolls, as a stone
or wooden cylinder used in husbandry, &c. ; a
bandnge; a fillet; a bird.
BOLL'ERS, n. pi. Heavy waves without wind.
KOL'McK, v. i. To move in a careless, swagger-
ing manner, with a frolicksome air.
ROLL'LNG, n. The turning round of a body upon
some surface; the motion of a ship from side to
ROLL'ING-PlN, n. A round piece of wood to roll
out paste with.
EOLL' ING-PRESS, n. A press with cylinders for
calendering cloth, impressing prints, &c.
RO-M.VI, a. or n. Modern Greek language.
EO-MAL' (-mawl'), n. A species of silk handker-
chief.
EO'MAN, a. Pertaining to Eome; Eoralsh ;
opish.
~v/MAN, n. A native of Rome.
EtO-MANCE', n. A fabulous tale of extraordinary
adveniures, usually in war or love; the incidents
of a romance are more wonderful and less accord-
ant with real life than those of a novel ; a dialect
formerly spoken in the south of France. SYN. A
fiction ; a novel.
BO-MANCE', v. i. To write or tell fictitious sto-
ries ; to lie.
EO-MAN'CEE, n. One who forms tales; a writer
of romance.
EO-MAN-ESQUE' (-esk'), n. In painting, that which
appertains to romance; the common dialect of
some of the southern provinces in France.
RO'MAN-ISM, n. Tenets of the Church of Eome.
iO'MAN-IST. n. One who professes the Eoman
Catholic religion ; a papist.
EO'MAN-IZE, v. t. To convert to the religion or
opinions of the Roman Catholics.
RO'MAN-IZE, v. i. To conform to Roman Catholic
opinions, customs, &c.
EO-M ANSH', n. The language of the Grisons.
EO-MAN'TI, a. Pertaining to romance; resem-
bling the tales of romance ; wild ; fanciful ; chi-
merical ; fictitious. See SENTIMENTAL.
EO-MANTI-AL-LY, ad. Wildly; extravagantly.
EO-MAN'TI-CISM, n. State of being romantic.
ROM
399
ROU
DflvE, WOLF, BOOK ; KtfLE, BULL ; Vf'CIOUS.
RO-MANTI-NESS, n. Wildness ; extravn
ROM'ISH, a. Belonging or relating to Borne or to
tlie Koman Catholic religion.
EOM'IST, 11. A Roman Catholic ; a Papist.
ROMl% n. A rude girl fond of boisterous play;
rude play or frolic.
ROMP, v. t. To play rudely or boisterously.
ROMP'ISH, a. Given to romping or rude play.
ROMP'ISH-NESS, n. Practice of romping or dis-
position to romp.
RON-DEAU' (ron-do'),")n. A kind of poetry in
RON'DO, 5 three couplets, or piece
of music in three strains ; a jig that ends with
the first strain repeated.
ROOD, n. The cross or an image of Christ on the
cross; a crucifix ; the fourth of an acre.
ROOF, n. The upper covering of a building ; the
upper covering of some cavity or hollow space, as
the roof of the mouth.
ROOF, v. t. To cover or inclose with a roof.
ROOF'ING, n. Act of covering with a roof; ma-
terials for a roof.
ROOF'LESS, a. Having no roof ; having no house
or home ; unsheltered
ROOF Y, a. Having roofs.
RQQK, n. A bird resembling a crow ; a cheat ; a
.-ious fellow; a piece at chess.
ROOK, t'. t. or v. i. To cheat ; to defraud.
ROOK'ER-Y, n. A nursery of rooks.
llooK Y, a. Inhabited by rooks.
ROOM, n. Space, literal or figurative, especially
as answering a purpose, or in reference to some
occupancy or use of it, as we lacked room ; there
is no room i'or doubt ; hence, an apartment in a
house ; opportunity ; stead. SYN. Space ; place ;
extent.
ROOM, v. i. To lodtre ; to occupy an apartment.
ROOM'I-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
roomy; spaciousness.
ROOM'Y, a. Having ample room. SYN. Spacious
capacious.
ROOST, n. A place on which fowls rest.
ROOST, v. i. To rest as a bird at night; iu bur-
lesque, to lodge.
ROOST'ER, n. The male of the domestic fowl ; a
cock.
ROOT, n. The part of a plant which shoots into
the earth, supporting and nourishing the parts
above ; the lower part of a tli >;,-ous in
position, function, &c., to the root of a plant ;
hence, figuratively, original; first cause; an-
cestor. [It is an error to shorten this into rggt.]
ROOT, v. i. To take root ; to be firmly fixed.
ROOT, v. t. or v. i. To plant deeply ; to turn up
the earth with the snout, as swine.
ROOT'ED, a. Firmly fixed, as by deep roots, as
rooted prejudices.
ROOT'ED-LY, ad. Deeply ; from the heart.
ROOT'LET, 11. A little root ; a radicle.
ROOT'Y, a. Full of roots.
ROPE, n. A large cord; a line of things con-
nected.
ROPE, v. i. To draw out into threads, as a viscous
substance.
ROPE'-DAN-CER,Ti, One who walks on a stretched
rope.
ROPE WALK (-wawk),") n. A place where ropes
ROP'ER-Y, j are made.
ROPE-YARN, n. Threads to be twisted into
ropes.
ROP'I-NESS, n. Capability of being drawn out
without breaking, as of glutinous substances ;
strii cousness.
ROP'Y a. String v : glutinous; viscid.
EOQ'UE-LAUll (rok'e-lor), n. [Fr.] A man's cloak.
K( t'KA L, a. Pertaining to dew; dewy.
RO-R!F'ER-OUS, a. Generating or producing dew.
K< i U (jlTAL, a. A species of whale.
RO-$A'CEOUS (-zfi'shus), a. Resembling arose.
RO'$A-RY, n. A bed of roses, or place where roses
grow ; a string of beads used by the Roman Catho-
lics, on which they count their prayers.
, easit; 6asj; sasz; Cnassii; THIS.
froze), n. A plant and flower of many spe
cies and varieties. Under the rose (sub rosa), in
secret ; privately ; confidentially.
A L (ro'zhu-al), a. Like a rose.
ATE (r<V/he-ate), a. Rosy; full of roses; of
colour; blooming.
DI'A-MOND, n. A diamond nearly hemi-
spheric il, cut into twenty-four triangular planes.
AIA-KY. n. A plant fragrant and pungent.
ROifiE'-QUAKTZ, n. A rose-coloured variety of
quartz.
KO'SET, n. A red colour used by painters.
1TE', 11. An imitation of a rose, made of
ribbon, and worn ornamentally ; an architectural
ornament in the form of a rose.
ROSE'-WA-TER, 11. Water tinctured with roses by
ROSE'- WOOD, n. A fine cabinet-wood from a tree
growinir in \v:irm climates.
RO*-I-RU C1AN (roz-e-kru'shan), n. The Rosicru-
cians were a sect of alchemists or visionary philo-
sophers, who in the fourteenth century, made
great pretensions to science; a. pertaining to
Rosicrucians or their arts.
ROS'IN, 11. Inspissated turpentine.
ROS'IN, v. t. To rub with rosin. See RESIS.
EO'SI-NESS (ro'ze-ness), n. The quality of being
rosy or rose-like in colour.
ROS'IN- Y (rGz'e-ny), a. Partaking of rosin; like
rosin.
ROSS, n. The external rough, dead bark of a tree.
ROSTE L, n. The descending part of a seed.
ROS'TRAL, a. Resembling the beak of a ship, &c.
ROSTRATE, a. Furnished with beaks.
ROS'TR \-TKD, a. Adorned with a beak.
ROSTRI-FORM, a. Of the form of a beak.
ROSTRUM, n. ; pi. ROS'TRA. A beak; a platform
or elevated place for orators.
RO'SY, a. Like a rose ; red as a rose ; blooming ;
blushing.
ROT, v. i. To be decomposed by natural process,
ust d of animal and vegetable substances ; to pu-
trefy.
ROT, v. t. To make putrid ; to cause to be decom-
posed, [sheep.
ROT, n. Putrefaction ; decay ; distemper in
KO'TA, n. An ecclesiastical court of Rome, com-
posed of twelve prelates.
RO'TA-RY, . Turning like a wheel.
ROTATE, a. Wheel-shaped.
! M, r. i. To turn round an axis, as a wheel ;
to revolve.
ROTATE, v. t. To cause to turn round an axis.
RO-TA'TION, n. The act of turning a:s a wheel or
solid body on its own axis ; vicissitude of succes-
sion, or taking in turn, as rotation in office.
ROTA-TIV'J, n. Turning; whirling round.
RO'TA-TO-RY. a. Turning on an axis.as a wheel ;
going in a circle; following in succession. SYN.
Rotary ; rotative ; rotating.
UoTE, n. I'rojM'rly, a round of words; frequent
repetition of words or sounds without rule.
ROTE, v. t. and v. i. To fix in the memory by
means of frequent repetitions ; to go out by ro-
tation.
ROTTEN (rot'tn), a. Putrid ; carious ; defective.
ROTTEN-NESS (rot'tn-ness), n. The quality of
being rotten ; putrefaction ; cariousness ; un-
soumi!
ROTTEN -STONE, n. A silicious and aluminous
stone used for polishing, called also Tripoli.
RO-TOND', a. Round; spherical; circular.
RO-TON'DA, 7 n. Any circular erection, round both
RO-TON'DO, i on the outside and inside.
RO-TUND- I-FO'LI-OUS, a. Having round leaves.
RO-TOND'I-TY, TV. Roundness ; sphericity.
ROU'BLE, n. A Russian silver coin, equal to 3s. 3d. ;
the bank ronble of account, Hid.
ROU-E' (roo-fi), n. [Fr.] In the /osTiionable world,
one devoted to a life of sensual pleasures ; a de-
bauchee.
ROUGE (roozh), ft. A red paint for the face.
ROTJ
I, fi. &c , long. I, , &c., short.-ciRE, F!R, LisT, F^LL,
ROUGE (roozh), v. t. or v. i. To paint the cheeks
with rouge.
ROUGH (riif), o. Having inequalities on the ssur
400 HUB
; TH&RB, TBRM; MARINE, BfRD J MOVE,
face producing harshness to the touch; hence,
harsh or offensive to any other sense, as taste,
sight, hearing, or to the sensibilities, as rough
wine, rough sounds, rough, conduct, rough weather,
severe; not wrought and
diamond. SYN. Bugged;
&c. ; austere; coar
polished, as a rough
harsh; uneven.
ROUGH, . t. To rough it is to pursue a rough or
rugged course.
ROUGH'-'AST (ruf-kast), v. t. To form or mould
rudely ; to cover with plaster and shells.
ROUGHCAST (ruf'-kast), n. A rude model; a
mixture of plaster and shells or pebbles.
ROUGH'-DRAUGHT (rtif -draft) , n. A draught in
its rudiments ; a draft not prefected.
ROUGH'-DRAW (ruf-draw), v. t. To draw coarsely.
HOUGH' JEN (ruffn), v. t. or v. i. To make rough ;
to grow rough.
ROUGB'-HEW (ruf-hu), v. t. To he* coarsely.
EOUGH'-HEWN (ruf-hune), o. Hewed coarse;
rugged.
ROUGH'LY, (rufly), ad. Ruggedly; harshly;
severely.
ROUGH'NESS (rufness), n. State or quality of
being rough ; unevenness of surface ; unpolished
state; coarseness of manners; severity. SYN.
Ruggedness ; harshness : asperity.
ROUGH'-SHOD (ruf-shCd), a. Having shoes armed
with points ; calked.
ROUGH-WORK (ruf'-wurk), v. t. To work over
coarsely without regard to smoothness and
finish.
ROUGH'-WROUGHT (ruf-rawt), a. Wrought or
done coarsely.
ROU-LEAU' (roo-15'), n. [IV.] A little roll.
EOU-LETTE' n. [JFr.J A game of chance, in which
a ball rolls round a circle of coloured spaces.
ROUNCE, n. The handle of a printing-press.
ROUND, a. A generic term for any thing that has
a circular or approximately circular outline,
whether circular, cylindrical, or spherical; hence,
figuratively, full; smooth; unbroken; plump;
fair, as a round sum, a round trot, a round lie.
ROUND, n. A circle; a circular body; action or
performance in a circle or recurring series;
course; circuit.
ROUND, v. t. To make circular, cylindrical, or
spherical; to surround; to make smooth and
flowing.
ROUND, v. i. To grow or become round; to go
round.
ROUND, ad. or prep. About; near; on all sides.
ROUND'A-BOUT, a. Indirect; extensive.
ROUND'E-LAY (-la), n. A poem or lay of a par-
ticular structure in which parts are repeated.
ROUND'HEAD (-hed), n. A name of contempt
given to the Puritans; also a republican in the
time of Charles I. and of the Commonwealth.
ROUND'HOUSE, n. A constable's prison; aroorn
in a ship for particular officers.
- Somewhat circutar.
from one of rest or inaction, as from sleep, idle-
ness, &c. SYN. To stir ; excite ; awake.
ROUSE, .. i. To awake ; to be excited to action.
ROUS'ER, 7i. He or that which rouses or ex.
cites.
ROUST, *.
A torrent occasioned by a tide.
ROUND'LET, n. A little circle.
ROUND'LY, ad. In a round form ; openly ; boldly ;
plainly.
ROUND'NESS, n. The quality of being round;
circularity ; sphericity ; fullness ; openness ;
boldness.
ROUND'-RlDGE, v. t. To form ridges by ploughing.
ROUND'-ROB-IN. n. A written petition or re-
monstrance, with names in a ring or circle.
ROUND'-TA-BLE, n. An order of knighthood.
ROUND'-TOW-ER, n. Ancient circular, tapering
tower.
ROUNDS, n. pi. A walk or circuit performed by a
guard or officer round the ramparts.
ROUP, n. Outcry; a disease in poultry, sale by
auction, in Scotland, (pronounced rowp).
SOUSE (rouz), v. t. To bring to an active state
ROUT, n. The breaking and defeat of a body of
troops, or the putting of them to flight ; a clamor-
ous or tumultuous multitude ; a fashionable as-
sembly or large evening party.
ROUT, . t. To break the ranks of troops ; to put
to flight and cause defeat and confusion.
ROUTE (root), n. [Fr.] The course or way tra-
velled ; a passing ; a march.
ROU-T1NE' (roo-teen'), n. Round or course of busi-
ness ; recurring order of practice or pursuit ; any
regular habit.
ROVE, v. i. To move or travel without definite
purpose or direction. SYN. To ramble ; wander ;
range.
ROVE, T. t. To wander over; to draw a thread
through an eye or aperture.
ROVER, n. A wanderer ; a pirate ; a freebooter.
ROW (ro), n. A line of persons or things ; a rank ;
an excursion in a boat with oars.
ROW (rou), n. A riotous noise ; a disturbance.
ROW (ro), v. t. To impel with oars.
ROWDY (rou'-), n. A turbulent, noisy fellow.
ROWEL (rou'-), n. The little wheel of a spur
formed with sharp points ; a seton.
ROWEL (rou'-), v. t. To insert a rowel in; to
pierce the skin, and insert a roll of hair or silk.
ROW EN (rou'-), n. The second growth of grass.
ROWER (ro'er), n. One who rows with an oar.
ROWLOCK, n. That part of a boat's gunwale on
which the oar rests for rowing.
ROY'AL, a. Pertaining to or becoming a king:
noble STN. Regal ; kingly.
ROY'AL, a. A large kind of paper ; a sail.
ROY'AL-I$M, n. Attachment to a kingly govern-
ment or to the principles of royalty.
ROY'AL-IST, n. An adherent to a king, or one at-
tached to a kingly government.
ROY'AL-IZE, v. t. To make royal.
RO^T'AL-LY, ad. In a royal or kingly manner.
ROY'AL-TIES (roy'al-tiz), n. pi. Emblems of roy-
alty; regalia; rights of a king; prerogatives.
ROY'AL-TY, n. The character, state, or office of
a king ; a tax paid for the coining of money ; a
tax for other privileges ; a tax paid by an author fa
the right to print his book, same as copy-righi
money.
ROYS'TER-ER. See ROISTERER.
RUB, v. i. To move along the surface of a body
with pressure ; to chafe.
RUB, v. t. To move something along the surface
of a body with pressure ; to apply repeated fric-
tion ; to spread over by rubbing; to wipe; to
clean ; to polish ; with down, to clean or curry j
with off or out, to remove by rubbing ; to erase ;
with up, to burnish j to awaken ; to rouse to ac-
tion.
RUB, n. The act of rubbing ; friction ; difficulty ;
sarcasm.
RUB'BER, n. One who rubs ; an instrument for
rubbing ; a whetstone. India-rubber, caoutchouc.
RUB'BISH, n. Waste or refuse matter; ruins;
fragments ; any thing worthless.
RUB'BLE, n. Rough, unhewn stone ; the upper,
fragmentary, decomposed portion of a stone
quarry.
RU-BE-FA'CIENT Ma'shent), a. Making red.
RU-BES'CENT, a. Tending to a red colour.
RU'BI-GAN (31), o. Bay, sorrel, or black, with &
light gray or white upon the flanks.
RU'BI-GON, n. To pass the Rubicon signifies to
make a desperate step in an enterprise, as Caesai
passed the river of that name to invade Italy.
RU'BI--eUND, a. Inclined to redness.
RU'BIED, a. Red, as a ruby.
RU-BlF'I, a. Making red.
RU-BI-FI-A'TION, n. Ac $ of making red.
RUB
401
RUM
, WQLF, B9QK ; BLE, BULL ; vf 'cious. as K ; & as J ; s as z ; OH as SH ; THIS.
RU'BI-FORM, a. Having the form of red. EUG'GED, a. Rough or broken and uneven ;
RU-BI'GO, n. Mildew ; rust on plants.
RU'BLE. n. See ROUBLE.
. n.
RU'BRI!, a. Red.
RC'BRH-!, n. Directions in a prayer-book, formerly
printed in red ; in the canon law, a title or article
in certain ancient law-books, so called because
written in red letters.
RU'BRI-AL, a. Placed in rubrics ; red.
rough, figuratively, as in temper, or to the ear or
other senses; harsh ; violent; strong.
RUG'GED-LY, ad. In a rough or rugged manner.
RUG'GED-NESS, n. The quality or state of beiny
-d; roughness; asperity.
RU'GlNE 1 31) (ru'jeeu), n. A surgeon's rasp.
BC'GOire } a - Ful1 of wrinkles J wrinkled.
BU'BY, n.; pi. RU'UIES. A precious stone of a car- RU-GOS'I-TY, n. A state of being wrinkled,
mine red colour, and next in hardness and value RU'IN, n. That change of any thing which destroys,
to the diamond. I it or unfits it for its proper use; pi. the remains
Rfi'BY, v. t. To make red, or like a ruby in colour. of any thing destroyed or overthrown, as the
RC'BY, a. Of the colour of a ruby ; red. i ruins of Nineveh. STN. Fall; overthrow; de-
RUCK, n. A wrinkle; a fold; a plait. structiou.
SUCK, P. t. To draw into wrinkles or folds; to RU'IN, v. t. To destroy utterly; to entirely unfit
crease ; v. i. to have a folded or ridgy surface ; any thing for its proper end or uses ; to demolish ;
usually with -up. to spoil.
Ey-TATION, n. Act of belching wind. RU-IN-A'TION, n. Subversion; overthrow.
BUD. 7i. Redness; blush; also red ochre. RU'IN-Ell, n. One that ruins or destroys.
RU'IN-OUS, a. Bringing or tending to bring ruin ;
destructive ; fatal ; fallen ; entirely decayed.
RU'IN-QUS-LY, ad. In a ruinous manner; de-
structively.
RU'IN-OUS-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
ruinous.
RUL'A-BLE, a. Accordant to rule.
RULE (31), n. That which is established for direc-
tion ; sway; command; government; an instru-
RUDDER, n. The instrument with which a ship
is steered; that which guides or governs the
course.
EUD'DI-NESS, n. The quality of being ruddy;
redness ; a lively flesh red.
EUD'DLE,) n. A species of red clay ; a coarro
EED'DLE,) pigment; kiel; it is decomposing
haematite.
RCD'DY, a. Eed ; of a lively flesh colour.
EUDE (31), a. In a rough state, or not improved
by art or culture ; hence, of coarse manners ; un-
civilized; savage; ignorant; untaught; harsh;
violent.
RCDE'LY, ad. Roughly; harshly ; unskilfully.
EUDETSTESS, n. The state or quality of being
rude.
ment by which lines are drawn ; rule of t'nree, pro-
portion.
EULE, v. t. To govern; to control the will oi
others; to command; to direct; to draw lines.
BULE, v. i. To have power or command, with
over ; to lay down and settle as a rule ; to be as a
rule or in general, as prices rule lower.
RU'DI-MENT, n. A first principle or element ; the RtJL'ER, n. One who rules or exercises power
original of any thing in its first form ; that which ! over others ; Jin instrument for drawing lines,
is to be first learned.
RU'DI-MENT, t;. 1. To initiate in first principles.
RU-DI-MENTAL, > a. Initial; pertaining to
RU-DI-ME N T'A-RY, f rudiments.
RUE (ru), n. A plant of a strong odour and a bitter RUM, a.
taste; sorrow. I word.l
RUL'ING, a. That bears rule or sway ; predomi-
nant ; controlling, as ruling passion.
RUM, 7i. A spirit distilled from cane-juice or froir.
the treacle which drains from sugar.
Old-fashioned; queer; odd. [4 canf
RUE (ru), v. t. To lament; to regret ; to grieve for. ; RUM'BLE, n. The seat for servants behind
, . .
RU-FES'CENT, a. Growing red.
EUE'FUL (ru'fnl), a. Sorrowful; woeful; lament-
able.
ROE'FUL-LY, ad. Mournfully ; woefully.
RCE'FUL-NESS. n. Mournfulness ; sorrowfulness.
RUFF, ft. A plaited cloth worn by females round
the neck ; a fish ; a bird ; pride ; elevation ; the
beat of a drum ; hence, locally, applause by stamp-
ing with the feet.
RUFF, v. t. To ruffle ; to disorder ; to applaud.
RUFFIAN (rufyan), n. A boisterous, brutal fel-
low; a robber; a cut-throat.
RUFFIAN, a. As of a ruffian ; brutal ; savage ;
cruel.
RUF'FIAN-ISH, a. Having the qualities of a
ruffian.
RUF'FIAN-ISM (rufyan-izm), n. The act or con-
duct of a ruffian.
RUFFIAN -LIKE,") a. Like a ruffian; bold in
RUF'FIAN-LY, < crime ; violent.
RUF'FLE, v. i. T<v grow rough or turbulent ; to
flutter.
RUF'FLE, v. t. To draw or contract into wrink-
les; to roughen or 'disturb a smooth surface ; to
disturb a quiet state, as of the iniiid ; to furnish
with ruflles ; to fret ; o'vex ; to disturb.
RUF'FLE, n. An ornament of plaited cambric ;
travelling carriage.
RUM'BLE, F. i. To make a low, heavy noise, as
thunder rumbles at a distance.
RUM'BLE II, n. The person or thing that rumbles.
RUM'BLLNG, n. A low, heavy, continued sound.
Making a low, heavy, continued
RUM'BLlNG, o.
sound.
RU'MEN (31), n.
The cud of a vuininaut ;
upper stomach of animals which chew the cud.
RU'MI-NANT, a. Chewing the cud.
RU'MI-NANT, n. An animal that chews the cud.
RU-MI-NAN'TIA, n. pi. An order of animals that
chew the cud.
RU'MI-NATE, v. i. To chew the cud; to medi-
tate ; v. t. to chew over again; to muse on or
meditate over and over.
RU-MI-NA'TION, n. The act or power of chewing
the cud ; meditation ; deliberate reflection.
RU'MI-NA-TOR, n. One that ruminates or muses.
RUM'MAGE, n. A close search.
EUM'MAGE, v. t. To search diligently by looking
into every corner, turning over and removing
goods or other things.
RU'MOUR, n. Flying or popular report ; a current
story passing from one person to another without
authentication ; fame. SYN . Report ; hearsay ;
stor
RUF FLE, n. An ornament ot plaited cambric ; story.
agitation; distur-rmce q passion; the top of a RU'MOUR (31), v. t. To report; to spread by re-
loose bOOt. -n/lvf
JRUF'FLK,)n.
A particular beat or roll of the RtJ'MOUR-ER, n.
RUFF, j drum, used as a mark of respect ; v. t.
to sound tlus particular beat of the drum.
Rt'FOUS (31), a. Of a yellowish red colour.
RUG, n. A coarse, nappy woollen cloth, used for a
bed-cover, orfor covering the carpet before the fire.
RU'GATE, a. Having alternate ridges and depres-
sions; wrinkled. 26
A reporter ; a teller of news.
RUMP, n. The end of the back-bone of an animal
with the parts adjacent ; the buttocks.
RUM'PLE, v. t. To wrinkle ; to make uneven, as to
rumple linejfe
RUMP'LE, n. An irregular plait, fold, wrinkle.
RUMFLESS, a. Destitute of a tail.
RUM'PUS, n. A disturbance ; noise and confusion.
RUN
402
SAB
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. cL&K, ri&, LAST,
RUN, v. i. [pret. RAK or Rmr; pp. EUN.] To move
with rapidity ; to pass ; to flow j to ru?i away, to
flee ; to escape ; to run away with, to convey
away ; to adopt hastily without thought ; to run
on, to continue ; to run over, to overflow ; to ru?i
out, to come to an end; to expatiate; to run up,
to rise ; increase ; to amount ; to run riot, to go to
the utmost excess.
RftN, v. t. To drive or cause to be driven ; to cause
to move or pass ; to force ; to thrust ; to melt ;
to form in a mould; to incur ; to run down, to run
against and sink; to crush; to disparage; to run
Tiard, to press importunately or with ridicule, &c. ;
to run over, to consider or view cursorily ; to run
through, to expend; to waste; to run up, to in-
crease ; to thrust up.
EUN, n. The act of running ; course ; reception ;
small stream ; unusual demands on a bank.
RUN'A-GATK, n. A fugitive; an apostate.
EUN'A-WA Y (run'a-wa) , n. A fugitive ; a deserter ;
one that deserts lawful service.
RUN'CI-NATE, a. Pinnatifid, with the segments
directed downward.
EUN'DLE, n. The round of a ladder.
EOND'LET,) n. A small cask or barrrel of no cer-
EUN'LET, j tain dimensions.
RUNE (31), n. The Eunic letter or character.
iU'NEE, n. A bard among the ancient Goths.
&UNES (runz), n. pi. Gothic poetry or rhymes.
EU'NI), a. An epithet applied to the language
and letters of the ancient Goths.
EUN'LET, n. A little stream or brook.
RUN'NEL, n. A rivulet or small brook.
11 t JS"NEE, n. He who, or that which runs ; a mes-
senger ; a timber on which a sled slides.
RUN'NET, n. The prepared inner membrane of a
calf's stomach used for coagulating milk for
cheese. It is also written rennet.
BUNN'ION (run'yun), n. A paltry wretch.
BUNT, n. An animal below the usual size of the
species.
EU-PEE', n. An East Indian silver coin. The
current silver rupee is valued at 2s. sterling;
the sicca rupee at 2s. 6d.; the gold rupee at
29s. 2d.
RUPT'URE (rupt'yur), n. The act of breaking ; the
state of being broken or violently parted ; a
breach ; hernia.
RUPT'URE, v. t. To break ; to burst ; to part by
violence ; to suffer rupture of.
RU'RAL (31), a. Belonging to or suiting the coun-
try. SYN. Rustic. Rural (from rus, runs) refers
to the country itself, as rural scenes, prospects,
delights, &c. ; rustic (from rusticus, a boor) refers
to the character, condition, taste, &c., of the
original inhabitants of the country, who were un-
cultivated and coarse, as rustic manners, a rustic
dress, a rustic bridge, &c.
RU'EAL-IST, n. One that leads a country life.
EC'EAL-IZE, v. i. To lead a country life; to
rusticate.
RU'RAL-LY, ad. As in the country.
RU'RAL-NESS, n. Quality of being rural.
RUSE, n. [Pr.] Artifice; trick; stratagem; wile ;
fraud; deceit.
RUSE DE GUERRE (ruze de gar), n. [Pr.] A stra-
tagem of war.
RUSH, n. A pushing or passing forward with
haste; a violent motion ; a plant growing mostly
in Wet ground.
RUSH v. i. To pass or move with vehemence ; to j
enter wr h. undue eagerness.
RtJSH'EP.n. One who rushes forward.
RUSHI-NESS, n. State of abounding with rushes.
ROSH'-LlGHT (-lite), n. A candle of rush-wick ;
a small, feeble light.
RUSH'Y, a. Abounding with or made of rushes.
RUSK, n. A species of cake or biscuit slightly
sweetened ; hard bread.
BUSS, a. Pertaining to the Russ or to Russians;
n. the language of the Russ or Russians.
RUS'SET, a. Of a reddish-brown colour.
VLLL, WHAT; TH&RE, TftBM; MARINE, BtKD ; MOVB,
EUS'SET, 7 n. An apple of a russet coloui
EUS'SET-ING, [ and rough skin.
RUS'SIAN or EUS'SIAN, a. Pertaining to Russia ;
n. a native of Russia.
EUST, n. The oxide of a metal, particularly the
reddish coating on iron exposed to dampness ; any
foul extraneous matter.
RUST, v. i. To be oxidized ; to contract rust, as
iron exposed to moist air; to become dull by in-
action.
EUST, v. t. To cause to contract rust ; to impair
by time and inactivity.
RUS'TLG, a. Pertaining to the country ; rude ; un-
polished; coarse; simple; rural, which see.
RUSTIC, n. An inhabitant of the country.
EUS'TI-AL, a. Pertaining to the country ; rural.
RUS'TI-AL-LY, ad. Rudely; clownishly.
EUSTie-AL-NESS, n. Rudeness ; want of refine-
ment.
RUS'TK!-ATE, v. i. To reside in the country.
RUSTI-ATE, v. t. To compel to reside in the
country ; to banish from a town or college for a
time.
RUS-TT-ATION, n. Residence in the country ; a
punishment by which the student of a college is
obliged to reside in the country.
ETJS-TIC'X-TY (-tls'e-ty), n. Rustic manners; rude-
ness : simplicity; artlessness.
EUST'I-LY, ad. In a rusty manner.
UUST'I-NESS, n. Quality of being rusty.
EUS'TLE (rils'sl), v. i. To make a low, rattling
noise, like the rubbing of silk or dry leaves.
EUS'TLING (rus'sling), n. A quick succession of
small sounds, as of dry leaves.
EUSTT, a. Covered with rust ; impaired by inac-
tion or neglect of use; dull; morose; covered
with foul or extraneous matter.
RUT, v. i. To have eager desire, as a deer.
EUT, n. The track of a wheel.
EUTH (31), n. Mercy; pity; tenderness; sor-
5ow.
TH'LESS, a. Cruel ; pitiless ; barbarous.
EUTH'LESS-LY, ad. Without pity or mercy.
EUTH'LESS-NESS, n. Cruelty ; want of pity.
RU'TI-LATE, v. i. To glow with light.
RUT'TY, a. Abounding in ruts.
EY'DEE, n. A clause added to a bill in Parlia-
ment. See EIDER.
RYE (rl), n. An esculent grain.
RY'OT, n. A renter of land in India ; a peasant.
RYTH, n. A ford.
S.
Sthe nineteenth letter of the alphabet, is a sibi-
> lant consonant, whose sound can be prolonged
at pleasure. At the beginning of words it gener-
ally represents a sharp hissing sound, as in sacfc,
sin. In the middle and at the end of words it
often represents the vocal hissing sound of the
letter z, as in praise. In a few words it is silent,
as in isle, Discount.
S., as a contraction, stands for south ; S.E. for
south-east ; S.W. for south-west, &c.
SA'BA-1$M, n. See SABIANISM.
SAB-A'OTH, n. [Jleb.] Armies; hosts.
SAB-BA-TA'RI-AN, a. Pertaining to the Sabbath,
or to those who keep the seventh day of the week,
as the Sabbath ; . strict observer of the Sabbath.
SAB'BATH, n. The day of rest, to be kept holy ;
the sabbatical year among the Israelites; inter-
mission of pain or sorrow. SYN. Sunday. /Sun-
day is the name of the first day of the week, which
was devoted like the rest to an object of idolatrous
worship. Sabbath denotes the divine institution.
The^Sootath Of the Jews is on Saturday, and the
Sabbat?!, of the Christians, more properly the
Lord's Day, is on the first day of the week, on
which the Saviour rose from the dead.
SAB'BATH-BREAK'ER (-braTcer), n. One who
profanes the Sabbath.
SAB
403
SAP
, BT7LLJ Vl"CIOUF,
D6VE, W(?LF, B9?
SAB-BAT'I, > a. Pertaining to the Sabbath;
SAB-BAT" I-AL,J resembling the Sabbath.
SAB'BAT-I$M, 71. Eest; intermission of labour.
SA'BI-AN, n. A worshipper of the sun, &c.
SA'BI-AN-ISM, 7i. Idolatary which consists in the
worship of the sun, moon, and stars.
SA'BLE (sifbl)), 71. An animal of the weasel kind ;
the fur of the sable.
SA'BLE (sa'bl), a. [JY.] Dark ; dusky ; black ; used
chiefly in poetry or in heraldry.
SA'BLE I'RON, n. A superior kind of iron, stamped
with the figure of a sable, the ancient arms of
Russia.
SA'BEE, n. A sword or cimeter with a broad and
heavy blade.
SA'BRE, v. t. To strike, cut, or kill with a sabre.
SAB-tT-LGS'I-TY, n. Sandiness; grittiness.
SAB'0-LOUS (sab'yu-lus), a. Sandy; gritty.
SAG, n. A bag or" receptacle for a liquid. See
SACK.
SA-!ADE', n. A sudden, violent check of a horse
by twitchincr with one pull.
SA-eHA-RlF'ER-OUS, a. Producing sugar.
SA-e-HAK'I-L'T (sak-kar'e-fl), v. t. To convert
into .<
SA-G'-GHA-RlNE, a. Pertaining to sugar; having
the qualities of sugar.
SA'HA-EOID, }a. Resembling sugar in tex-
SA-HA-ROID'AL, $ ture, most commonly loaf-
sugar.
SA-HA-EOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument for as-
certaining the proportion of saccharine matter in
a liquid or the specific gravity of worts.
SAC-ER-DO'TAL, a. 1'riestly; pertaining to
priests.
SACH'EL, n. A small sack or bag for books, &c.
SA'CHEM, n. The chief of an Indian tribe.
SACK, n. A bag ; usually a large coarse bag for
corn, wool, &c. ; the pillage or storm of a town ;
plunder ; Canary wine ; the measure of three
bushels; a kind of loose garment.
SACK, v. t. To put in a sack ; to plunder or pillage,
as a town or city.
SACK' AGE, 71. Act of storming and plundering.
SACK'BUT, n. A wind instrument of music.
SACK'-GLOTH, 7i. Cloth for sacks or mourning ;
coarse cloth.
SACK'EE, n. One who takes a town or plunders it.
SACK'FUL, n. As much as a sack will hold.
SACK-POS'SET, n. A drink made of sack, milk, &c.
SAG'EA-MENT, n. Literally, an oath. Protestants
apply this term only to Baptism and the Lord's
Supper. The Romish and Greek Churches have
other five rites or sacraments, viz., confirmation,
penance, holy orders, matrimony, and extreme
unction. SYN. Eucharist. As sacrament denotes
an oath, or vow, the word has been applied by way
of emphasis to the Lord's Supper, where the
most sacred vows are taken or renewed by the
Christian in commemorating the death of his Ee-
deemer, but improperly, since baptism also signi-
fies " our engagement to be the Lord's." Euclia-
nst denotes the giving of thanks, and this term has
also been applied to the same ordinance, as ex-
pressing the grateful remembrance of Christ's
sufferings and death.
SA-EA-MENT'AL, a. Pertaining to the Eucha-
rist ; constituting a sacrament or pertaining to it ;
sacredly binding.
SA-RA-MENT'AL-LY, ad. After the manner of a
sacrament.
SAG-EA-MENT'A-EY, ~) a. Pertaining to the
SA-EA-MEN-TA'RI-AN, f sacraments.
SA'-GHED, a. Separated from common and conse-
crated to religious uses ; pertaining to God or to
religion ; entitled to reverence ; inviolable ; with
to, consecrated. STN. Holy ; consecrated.
SA'RED-LY, ad. Religiously; inviolably.
SA'-GRED-NESS, n. State or quality of being sa-
cred or holy. SYN. Holiness; sanctity; inviol-
ableness.
SA-3RIFK!, a. Employed in sacrifice.
6 as K ; G as J ; s as z ; Cu as art ; ?HIS.
SA-EIF'I-A-TO-RY, o. Offering sacrifice.
SA'UI-FICE (sak'ri-flze), v. t. To kill and offer to
God in worship or as an atonement ; to immolate ;
to devote with loss ; to destroy or give up for
something else, with to.
SA'RI-FICE, t;. i. To offer sacrifices.
SA'EI-FICE (sak'ri-fize), n. An offering to God
for a religious purpose or by a religious act ; de-
struction or loss incurred for gaining some ob-
ject or obliging some one ; any thing destroyed.
SYN. Offering; oblation.
SA'RI-Fl(J-EIt (-fiz-er), n. One who sacrifices or
immolates.
SA-EI-t T'CIAL (-flsh'al), o. Pertaining to sacri-
fice.
SA'RI-LEGE, n. The crime of violating or pro-
faning sacred things ; the alienating to common
purposes what has been appropriated to sacred
persons or uses.
SA-RI-LE'(';iOUS (-le'jusj, a. Violating what is
sacred ; polluted with the crime of sacrilege.
SA-e-RI-LE'CJlOUS-LY, ad. With sacrilege; iu
violation of sacred things.
SA-EI-LE'GIOUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
sacrilegious ; disposition to sacrilege.
SA'RI-LE-GIST, n. One guilty of sacrilege.
SA'RIST, n. A person who copies music for a
cathedral choir, and takes care of the books and
utensils of a church.
SA-G'RIS-TAN, n. One who has the charge of the
utensils and other movables of a church; now
corrupted into st
SA-6'EIS-TY, n. The vestry-room, or apartment in
a church where the sacred utensils are kept.
SAD, a. Having the appearance of sorrow ; sor-
rowful; habitually melancholy ; serious; afflic-
tive ; weighty ; vexatious, as a sad husband.
SAD'DEN (53) (sad'dn), v. t. To make sad or
gloomy.
SAD'DLE, n. A seat for the back of a horse to
accommodate the rider ; any thing in shape or
position resembling a horse's saddle.
SAD'DLE, v. t. To put a saddle on ; to burden.
SAD'DLE-BOW (sad'dl-bo), n. The bows of a
saddle, or the pieces which form the arched front.
SAD'DLE R, n. A maker of saddles.
SAD'DLEE-Y, n. A saddler's materials or trade.
SAD'DLE-TREE, n. The frame of a saddle.
SAD-DU-CE'AN, a. Pertaining to the Sadducees.
SAD'DU-CEE, n. One of a Jewish sect who denied
the resurrection or future state.
SAD'DU-CISM , n. The tenets of the Sadducees.
SAD'I-EON (-1-urn), n. A flat iron for smoothing
cloth.
SAD'LY, ad. Sorrowfully; mournfully; in a cala-
mitous or miserable manner.
SAD'NESS, n. Sorrowfulness ; heaviness of heart ;
dejection ; seriousness ; sedate gravity ; grief,
which see.
SAFE, a. Free from danger or harm ; conferring
safety ; securing from harm ; no longer dangerous.
SAFE, 7i. A place for keeping things safe, as pro-
visions ; a fire-proof chest or closet for money
papers, &c.
SAFE-ON'DUT, n. That which gives a safe pas-
sage ; a passport ; a convoy ; a guard.
SAFE'GUARD (-gard), n. Any thing that protects
or defends ; a passport ; a warrant of security.
SAFE'-KEEP-ING, n. Preservation from injury.
SAFE'LY, ad. In a manner to secure from danger;
without injury ; in close custody.
SAFE'NESS, n. Exemption from danger; the state
of being safe or of conferring safety.
SAFETY, 7i. Freedom from danger or loss;
exemption from injury; preservation from escape ;
close custody : preservation from hurt.
SAFETY-LAMP, TI. A lamp covered with wire
gauze, to give light in mines, without the danger
of setting fire to inflammable gases.
SAFETY-VALVE, n. A valve by which steam
escapes from a boiler when the pressure becomes
too great for safety.
SAF
404
SAL
1, fi, &o., long. I, i, &c., short. C!RE, FAB, LAST, *"4Lt<, \TH^T; THRE, TBUM; MARINE, BIRD; KUV.B,
SAF'FRON, n. A plant with a yellow flower ; a.
like saffron in colour ; yellow.
SAG, v. i. To bend or yield from weight ; to swag ;
to incline.
SAG, v. t. To cause to bend or give way from
weight or pressure.
SA'GA, n. Name of compositions comprising the
history and mythology of the Northern European
races.
SA-GA'CIOUS (-ga'shus), a. Quick of scent ; wise ;
discerning ; acute in discernment or penetration.
See SHREWD.
SA-GA'CIOUS-LT (-ga'cious-ly), act. With sagacity.
8A-GAC'I-TY, 71. Quick and clear discernment.
STN. Penetration. Penetration enables us to
enter into the depths of an abstruse subject, to
detect motives, plans, &c. Sagacity (from sagax,
quick-scented) adds to penetration a keen practi-
cal judgment, which enables one to guard against
the designs of others, and to turn everything to
the best possible advantage.
SAG'A-MORE, n. An Indian chief. [N. A.]
SAGE, o. Wise ; judicious ; discerning.
SAGE, n. A wise and venerable man ; a savory
plant.
JSAGE'LY, ad. Wisely; prudently; discreetly.
SAGE'NESS, n. Wisdom ; prudence ; skill.
SAG'IT-TAL, a. Pertaining to or like an arrow.
SAG-IT-TA'RI-US, n. The archer, one of the
twelve signs of the zodiac.
SAG'IT-TA-RY, o. Pertaining to an arrow.
SAG'IT-TA-RY, n. A 'centaur; an animal, half
man, half horse, armsd with a bow and quiver.
SAG'IT-TATE, a. Shaped like the head of an arrow.
SA'GO, 11. A mealy substance or granulated paste ;
the pith of a species of palm-tree.
SAIL (sale), n. A sheet of canvas by which the
wind impels a ship ; hence, a ship or some othar
vessel ; an excursion in some vessel.
SAIL, v. i. To move with sails, as a ship, or as in a
ship, on water ; to pass smoothly along.
SAIL, v. t. To pass over by means of sails ; to fly
thiough ; to manage a vessel.
SAIL'A-BLE (sal'a-bl), o. Navigable ; that may be
passed by ships.
SAIL'-BORNE, a. Borne or conveyed by sails.
SAIL'ER, n. One that sails ; a seaman ; usually,
sailor; a ship or other vessel, with reference to
her speed or her manner of sailing.
SAILING, n. Act of moving in water or air ; the
movement of a vessel impelled along the surface
of water by the action of wind on her sails ; move-
ment through the air : navigation.
SAIL'LESS, a. Destitute of sails.
SAlL'-LOFT, n. A room where sails are made.
SAIL'-MAK-ER, n. One who makes sails.
SAIL'OR, n. One who follows the business of navi-
gating vessels. SYN. Mariner; seaman. Chiefly
applied to the common /lands.
SAIL'- YARD, 7i. A spar to extend a sail.
SAIN'FOIN (san'foin), n. [Fr.] A pea-like plant
cultivated for fodder.
SAINT, n. A person separated or sanctified ; a holy
person ; one canonized or enrolled among caints
by the Roman Catholic Church.
SAINT, v. t. To canonize ; to enroll or number
among saints by an official act of the Pope ; v. i.
to act with a show of piety.
SAINTED, a. Holy ; pious ; sacred.
SAINT'-LIKE, ) a. Resembling a saint ; becoming
SAINT'LY, 5 a holy person.
SAINT'SHIP, n. The character or state of a saint.
SAINT Vl'TUS' DANCE, n. A nervous affection,
so called from the saint appealed to for its cure
when it first appeared in Europe ; chorea.
SAKE, n. Cause ; purpose ; or purpose of obtain-
ing ; account ; regard to any person or thing.
SAL, 7i. [ L.~| Salt ; a term used in chemistry.
SAL-AM-MO'NI-A, n. Hydrochlorate of ammonia,
much used in pharmacy.
SA-LA'CIOUS (-la'shus), o. Lustful j wanton;
lewd.
SA-LA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With eager animal appe-
titc.
SAL' AD, n. Raw herbs, dressed with vinegar, &c.,
and eaten as a relish.
SA-LAM', n. Literally, peace or safety ; an Orien-
tal salutation of ceremony or respect.
SAL'A-MAN-DER, n. A small species of lizard ;
an animal fabled to live in fire.
SAL-A-MAN'DRlNE, a. Like a salamander; en-
during fire.
SAL'A-RY, n. A stated allowance for services,
usually stipulated to be paid by the year ; sti-
pend; pay; wages.
SALE, 71. Act of selling ; the exchange of a com-
modity for money of equivalent value ; power of
selling ; market ; auction ; state of being venal.
SYN. Sales by auction ; sales at auction. lu
America the more prevalent expression has been
"sales at auction," as if referring to the place
where they are made. In Britain, the form has
always been "sales by auction," i.e., by an in-
crease of bids (Lat. auctione) . On sale, for sale ; to
be sold.
SALE'A-BLE, a. That finds a ready market ; that
may or can be sold.
SALE'A-BLE-NESS, n. State of being saleable.
SAL'E-BROUS, a. Rough ; rugged.
SAL-E-RA'TUS, n. Aerated salt ; a carbonate of
potash much used in cookery.
SALES'MAN, n. One who finds a market for the
goods of another person or makes sales to cus-
tomers.
SALE'WORK (-wiirk), n. Work or things made for
sale ; hence, work carelessly done.
SAL're, a. Excluding females from the throne.
SAL'I-ClNE, n. A bitter substance obtained from
the willow.
SA'LI-ENT, a. Literally, shooting forth; hence,
prominent. A salient angle points outward.
SA-LlF'ER-OUS, a. Containing or producing salt.
SAL'I-FI-A-BLE, a. Capable of combining with an
acid to form a salt.
SAL-I-FI-6ATION, n. The act of salifying.
SAL'I-FY, v. t. To form into a salt by combining an
acid with an alkali, earth, or metal.
SA-LINE' or SA'LlN E, a. Salt ; consisting of salt ;
partaking of the qualities of salt.
SA-LINE', n. A salt spring ; a name given to the
salt springs in the United States.
SAL-I-NOM'E-TER, n. An instrument for testing
the strength of salt.
SA-Ll'VA, t). The fluid secreted by the salivary
lands, serving to moisten the mouth. SYN.
pittle.
SA-LI'VAL, ") a. Secreting or conveying saliva,
SAL'I-VA-RY, j as the glands and ducts ; relat-
ing to saliva.
SAL'I-VATE, v. t. To excite an unusual discharge
of saliva, usually by mercury ; to produce ptyal-
ism in a person.
SAL-I-VA'TION, n. Act of salivating, or of in-
ducing increased secretion of saliva. SVN. Ptyal-
ism.
SALLOW (sal'16) , n. A tree of the willow kind.
SAL'LOW (sal'16), o. Having a pale, sickly, yel-
lowish colour.
SAL'LOW'NESS, n. Yellowness; sickly, yellowish
paleness.
SAL'LY, n. A springing or darting forth ; a march-
ing of troops from a place to attack the besiegers ;
a sprightly exertion of some faculty, as fancy,
wit, &c. ; wild gayety ; exuberance ; frolic.
SAL'LY, v. i. To rush or issue from a fortress or
town, as troops to attack besiegers; to issue
Suddenly.
SAL'LY-PORT, n. A gate through which troops
sally.
SAL-MA-GtTN'Dl, n. A mess of chopped meat and
pickled herring seasoned ; a mixture of various
ingredients ; a medley.
SAL
405
SAN'
D6VB, WOLF, BO<?K; E*LE, BTTLL ; Yf'CIOUS. as K } 6 as J } 8 as Z ; CH BS SH; IHIS.
8AI/MON (sam'mun), n. A large fish of northern
climates, with flesh of a yellowish-red colour, and
much esteemed for food, which ascends our
rivers for the purpose of spawning.
BA-LOON', n. A spacious hall or room for com-
pany or state. [The French salon, in the same
sense, often occurs.]
SAL'SI-FY (sal'se-fy), n. A plant having a long
root and sweetish taste, called also Oyster-plant.
SAL-SO'GI-NOUS, a. Saltish; somewhat salt.
SALT (sawlt), n. A substance (chloride of sodium)
"used for seasoning certain kinds of food, and for
the preservation of meat, &c. ; in chemistry, a
body composed of an acid united with some base ;
taste ; savour ; wit ; poignancy, as Attic salt
SALT, v. t. To season or sprinkle with salt.
SALT, a. Having the taste of salt ; impregnated
with salt; abounding with salt.
SALT'LESS, a. Without salt; insipid.
SALTANT, a. Leaping ; dancing.
SAL-TATION, n. A leaping ; a beating.
SALTA-TO-EY, a. Leaping ; used in leaping.
SALT'-CEL-LAR, 71. A small vessel to hold salt on
the table.
SALT'ER, n. One who salts or who sells salt.
SALT'EEN, n. A place where salt is made.
SAL'TI-GEADE, a. Formed for leaping.
SALT'ISH, a. Somewhat salt.
SALT'-MARSH, n. Grass-land subject to the over-
'flowing of salt water.
SALT NESS, n, Quality of being salt; taste of
salt.
SALT-PAN, \n. A pan, basin, or pit where salt is
SALT'-PlT, 5 either made or obtained.
SALT-PETRE, n. A mineral salt composed of
iiitric acid and potassia; nitrate of potash; it is
also called nitre.
SALT-PETROUS, a. Pertaining to salt-petre or
partaking of its qualities.
SALT-EHEtM' (-rumeO, n. Herpes; a cutaneous
eruption.
SALTS, n. pi. The popular name of certain chemi-
cal salts used in medicine, as Glauber's, Epsom,
&c. ; salt water flowing up rivers.
SA-LU'BEI-OUS (28), a. Favourable to or promot-
ing health. SYN. Healthful ; wholesome.
SA-LC'BEl-OUS-LY, ad. So as to promote
health.
SA-LU'BRI-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
salubrious.
SA-LU'BEI-TY, n. Wholesomeness; favourable-
ness to the preservation of health.
SAL'C-TA-Rl-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being salutary.
SAL'0-TA-RY, a. Promoting health or good ; pro-
motive of public safety; contributing to some
beneficial purpose. SYN. Wholesome; healthful;
beneficial ; advantageous.
SAL-U-TA'TION (sal-yu-ta'shun) , n. Act of salut-
ing; act of addressing another when meeting
him. SYN. Greeting; salute. A greeting is liter-
ally an outcry or exclamation, and hence usually
denotes some warm expression of feeling when
one meets another. Salutation and salute (from
alus) signify literally a wishing of health . Salu-
tation, however, is the act of the person saluting,
while salute is the thing received by the person
addressed. Salutation is given by a bow, and a salute
by the firing of guns.
SA-LU-TA-TO'RI-AN, n. A student in a coUege
who pronounces the salutatory oration.
SA-LC'TA-TO-RY, o. Greeting ; containing con- |
gratulations, an epithet applied to the oration which j
introduces the exercises of the commencement in '
.American colleges.
SA-LtJTE' (28), v. t. To wish health to; hence, to
greet ; to kiss ; to honour by some appropriate i
act, as firing cannon, &c.
SA-LtJTE', n. Act of expressing kind wishes ; a
kiss; a discharge of cannon; a striking of colours, i
See SALUTATION.
SALTA-BLE, a. Capable of being saved.
n. State of being salvable.
SALT AGE, n. In commerce, a reward or recom-
pense allowed by law for the saving of a ship or
goods from loss at sea, either by shipwreck or
other means.
SAL-VATION, n. The act of saving ; preservation
from destruction or danger ; deliverance from sin
and eternal death through the Saviour.
SAL'VA-TO-RY, n. A place for preserving things.
SALVE (save or salv), n. A substance or adhesive
composition for covering sores ; when spread on
leather, it is called a plaster; a help ; a remedy.
SALVE, v. t. To remedy by a salve ; to help or
palliate by a salvo or excuse.
SALVER, n. A piece of plate with a foot; a
waiter on which any thing is presented.
SAL'VO, n. ; pi. SAL'VOS. An exception ; an ex-
cuse ; a reservation ; a military or naval salute.
SAL'VOE, n. One who saves a ship or goods.
SA-MAR'I-TAN, n. An inhabitant of Saiuaria.
SA-MAR'I-TAN, a. Pertaining to Samaria.
SAM'BO, n. The offspring of a black person and a
mulatto.
SAME, a. Identical; not different or other; ex-
actly similar.
SAME'NESS, n. Identity; uniformity; near re-
semblance ; similarity ; correspondence.
SA'MI-EL, ")n. A destructive hot wind in Arabia
SI-MOOM', j and the adjacent countries.
SAMP, n. A food composed of maize broken coarse,
boiled and eaten with milk. [.American.]
SAM'PHlRE, n. A plant which grows on rocks
washed by the sea, used for pickling.
SAM'PLE, v. t. To take samples of, as to sample
goods.
SAM'PLE, n. A part of any thing presented for in-
spection as evidence of the quality of the whole
SYN. Example; specimen, which see.
SAM'PLER.jn^ A pattern of needle-work.
State of being curable.
SAN'A-BLE, a. That may be cured.
S A-NA'TION, n. The act or process of healing.
SAN'A-TIVE, a. Healing ; adapted to cure.
SAN'A-TlVE-NESS, n. The power of healing.
SAN'A-TO-EY, a. Healing; curing.
SANC-TI-FI-CATION, n. Act of making holy;
consecration.
SANCTI-FI-ER, n. One who sanctifies or makes
holy ; pre-eminently, the Holy Spirit.
SANC'TI-FY, v. t. In a general sense, to cleanse,
purify, or make holy ; to separate, set apart, or
appoint to a holy use ; to make holy ; to make the
means of holiness ; to make free from guilt ; to
secure from violation.
SANC-TI-MO'NI-OUS, a. Having the appearance
of sanctity.
SANC-Tl-MO'NI-OUS-LY. ad. With sanctimony.
SAN-TI-MO'NI-OUS-NESS, n. State of being
sanctimonious ; appearance of sanctity.
SANCTI-MO-NY, n. Scrupulous austerity; sanc-
tity, or the appearance of it ; holiness ; devout-
ness.
SANCTION (sank'shun), n. The act of ratifying
or giving validity to the act of another ; confirma-
tion derived from testimony, character, custom,
&c. SYN. Ratification; confirmation; authority.
SANCTION (sank'shun), v. t. To ratify; to con-
firm ; to support ; to give validity or authority to.
S A NCTI-TY, ^ n. State of being sacred or holy ;
SANCTI-TUDE, j sacredness; goodness. SYN.
Holiness; sacredness; sanctitude ; godliness.
SANCTC-A-EY (sankt'yu-a-ry), n. A sacred place ;
house of worship; an asylum or place of refuge.
SANC'TUM, n. [L.j A place of retreat, as an edi-
tor's sanctum.
SANC'TUM SANC-TO'RUM. [L.] Holy of holies;
most holy place.
SAND, n. Fine particles or grains of stone ; pi.
tracts of land covered with barren sand.
SAND, v. t. To cover or sprinkle with sand.
SAN
406
SAR
I, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
SAN'DAL, 7i. A shoe or sole fastened to the foot.
SAN'DAL, -in. A tree or wood from the
SAN'DAL-WQQD, $ East Indies, used for dyeing
red, also called sanders; another wood bearing
the same name is highly esteemed for cabinet
work and for diffusing fragrance.
SAN'DA-RA, ) 11. A peculiar gum-resin from
SAN'DA-RACK, j Northern Africa.
SAND'-BLIND-NESS, n. That defect of vision i
which grains of sand appear to fly before the
eyes.
SAND'ED, a. Covered with sand ; marked with
spots.
SAND'ERS, n. The red sanders-wood, called also
red sandal-wood, from India, is of a bright garnet-
red colour, and is used for dying.
SAN'DE-VER,) n. Glass gall ; a whitish salt from
SAN'DI-VER, T the materials of glass in fusion.
A similar substance is thrown out by volcanoes.
SAND'-HEAT, n. The heat of warm sand in che-
mical operations.
SAND'I-NESS, n. State of being sandy.
SANU'ISH, a. Like sand; gritty.
SAND'-PA-PER, 71. Paper covered on one side
with a gritty substance for polishing.
SAND'-PIP-ER, n. A wading bird of several species,
belonging to the wood-cock family.
SAND'STONE, n. Stone or rock consisting of
grains of sand connected together; freestone.
SAND'WICH, n. Two pieces of bread and butter,
and a thin slice of meat between them.
SAND'Y, a. Abounding with sand; like sand; of
the colour of sand.
SANE, a. Sound in mind ; whole ; not disordered ;
having the exercise of reason.
SANE'NESS, n. The state of being sane.
SANG-GA-REE', n. Sweetened wine and water.
SANG-FROID 1 (saug-frwa'), n. [Pr.] Cool blood;
indifference; freedom from agitation or excite-
ment of mind.
SANG-GUlF'ER-OUS (sang-gwlfer-us), a. Convey-
ing blood.
SANG-GUI-FI-eA'TION, n. The production of
blood ; conversion of chyle into blood.
SANG'GUI-FI-ER (sang'gwe-fi-er), n. That which
produces blood.
SANG'GUI-FY (sang'gwe-fi), v. t. To produce
blood.
SANG'GUIN-A-RY (sang'gwin-a-ry) , a. Attended
with much bloodshed; eager to shed blood. STN.
Bloody; murderous; cruel.
SANQ'GUlNE (sang'gwiii), a. Abounding with
blood ; plethoric ; confident ; ardent ; of the colour
of blood ; red.
SANG'GUINE-LY (sang'gwin-ly), ad. Ardently;
with confidence of success.
SANG'GUlNE-NESS (saug'gwin-) , n. Fullness of
blood ; confidence ; ardour ; heat of temper.
SANQ-GUIN'E-OUS, a. Like blood; sanguine.
SANG-GUIN-lV'O-ROUS, a. Eating or subsisting
on blood.
SAN'HE-DRIM, n. The supreme council of the
Jews.
SA'NI-E$ (sa'ne-ez), n. A thin, reddish discharge
from wounds.
SA'NI-OUS, a. Consisting of or effusing sanies.
SAN-I-TA'RI-UM, n. A place of retreat for health
in hot climates.
SAN'I-TA-RY, a. Pertaining to or designed to se-
cure health, as sanitary regulations.
SAN'I-TY, n. Soundness of mind ; health.
SANS (sang), prep. [fV.] Without.
SAN'SRIT, n. The ancient language of Hindos-
tan, from which are formed all the modern lan-
guages of the great peninsula of India.
SANS CU-LOTTES' (sang ku-lot'). [Fr. without
breeches.] Ragged men ; a term of reproach for
the extreme republicans in the French revolu-
lution.
SANS-SOU-CI' (sang-soo-cee'). [*V.] "Without
care ; free and easy.
8A P, n. The natural juice of plants ; the alburnum
FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TRM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
of a tree ; in sieges, a trench for undermining, or
an approach made to a fortified place by digging
under cover.
SAP, v. t. To undermine ; to subvert ; to destroy.
SAP'ID, a. Well tasted ; savoury ; palatable.
SA-PlD'I-TY, \n. The quality of affecting the
SAP'ID-NESS, ) organs of taste. SYN. Taste ;
tastefulness ; palatableness ; savour.
SA'PI-ENCE, n. Wisdom; knowledge; sageness.
SA'PI-ENT, a. Wise ; sage ; knowing.
SAP'LESS, a. Destitute of sap ; dry ; husky.
SAPLING, n. A young tree.
SAP-O-NA'CEOUS (-na'shus), a. Having the quali-
ties of soap ; soapy.
SA-PON-I-FI-eA'TION, n. Conversion into soap.
SA-PON'I-Ff, v. i. To convert into soap.
SAPO-NCLE, n. An imperfect soap formed by the
_action of an alkali upon an essential oil.
SA'POR, 71. The power of affecting the organs of
taste. STK. Taste; savour; relish.
SAP-O-RfF'Le, a. Producing taste.
SAP-O-RpS'I-TY, n. The quality of a body by
which it excites the sensation of taste.
SAP'O-ROUS, a. Affording some kind of taste.
SAP'PE R, n. One who saps, or whose business is
to dig mines and undermine.
SAPPHIC (saffik), a. Pertaining to Sappho, a
Grecian poetess.
SAPPHIRE (saffire), n. Crystallized alumina;
a precious stone, blue, red, violet, &c., used in
jewelry ; the name is usually restricted to the
blue crystals, the other varieties being known by
other names, as Oriental ruliy, corundum, &c.
SAPPHIR-INE (sfif fir-in), a. Made of sapphire, or
like it.
SAPPI-NESS, n. The state or quality of being full
of sap ; weakness or simpleness.
SAP'PY, a. Full of sap; juicy; young; hence,
weak soft; simple.
SAP'-SA-GO, n. A kind of swiss cheese, of greenish
colour and agreeable flavour.
SAP'- WQOD, The external lay ers of exogenous
trees ; the alburnum.
SAR'A-BAND, 11. A Spanish dance and air.
SAR'A-CEN, n. An Arabian, so called from Sara, a
desert.
SAR-A-CEN'ie, a. Pertaining to the Saracens.
SARCASM, n. A keen, reproachful expression ; a
satiiical remark ; bitter irony.
SAR-GASTre, \a. Bitterly satirical ; scorn-
SAR-AS'TI-AL, J fully severe.
SAR-GAS TIC-AL-LY, ad. In a sarcastic manner;
with severe taunts.
SARCE'NET (sarse'-), n. A thin woven silk.
SAR-eOL'O-GY, n. The doctrine of the soft parts
of the body, the muscles, fat, &c.
SAR-OPH'A-GOU3 (-kofa-gus), a. Feeding on
flesh.
SAR-!(3PH'A-GUS, n. A stone coffin or tomb
among the ancients.
SAR-OPH'A-GY (sar-kof a-jy), n. The practice of
eating flesh.
SAR--eOT'I, a. Producing or promoting the
growth of flesh.
SAR-GU-LA'TION, n. A raking or weeding with a
a rake.
SAR'DINE, n. A Mediterranean fish of the herring
family.
SAR-DO'NI-AN, \ a. Denoting, primarily, a kind of
SAR-DON'I-e, $ convulsive, involuntary laughter,
said to be produced by eating the Herba Sardonica,
a plan* that grows in Sardinia ; hence, a forced or
bitter laugh or grin, which but ill conceals the
the real feelings.
SAR'DO-NYX, n. A precious stone of a reddish-
yellow colour, nearly allied to onyx.
SARK, n. A shirt or shift, and, provincially, a
shark.
SAR-SA-PA-RlL'LA, n. A plant whose root is
medicinal ; a sirup from a decoction of the root.
SART, n. A piece of woodland that has been re-
claimed for tillage.
SA8
407
SAV
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; RtLE, BrLL ; Vl"CIOU8
SAS'A-FEAS, n. A species of laurel, whose bark
iu aromatic smell arid taste.
SASH, n. A silk band ; a belt worn for ornament
the frame of a window in which the panes of glass
set.
SASTRA. See SHASTKR.
SA 1'AN, n. The great adversary; the devil ; the
chief of the fallen angels.
SA-TAN'1, ) a. Having the qualities of Sa-
SA-TAN'ie-AL,j tan; very wicked. SYI,. Devil
ish ; infernal.
SA-TAN'IC-AL-LY, ad. With the wicked and ma-
licious spirit of Satan ; diabolically.
SATAN-ISM, n. A diabolical spirit ; the evil and
malicious disposition of Satan.
; i. EL, n. A little sack or bag. See SACIIEL.
SATE, v. t. To feed or gratify to the extent of de-
sire. SYN. To satiate ; satisfy ; glut.
SATE'LESS, o. Incapable of being satisfied ; in
i ible.
SAT'EL-LlTE, n. A small planet revolving round
-rer; hence, an obseq uious attendant or de -
pendant.
SAT-EL-LF'TIOUS (-Ush'us), a. Consisting of sa-
tellites.
SA'TI-A-BLE, a. That may be appeased or grati-
fied.
SATIATE (sa'shate), a. Filled to satiety; glut-
ted.
SATIATE, v. t. To fill or gratify to the extent of
want or beyond ; to gratify desire to the utmost.
SYN. To satisfy; content. These words differ
principally in degree. To content is to make con-
tented, even though every desire or appetite is
not gratified ; to satisfy is to appease fully the
longings of desire ; to satiate is to go further, and
fill so completely, that it is not possible to receive
or enjoy more.
SA-TI-ATION (sa-she-a'shun), n. The state of
being filled.
SA-TI'E-TY, n. Fullness beyond desire; an ex-
cess cf gratification which excites loathing.
SATIN, n. A species of thick, gl^sy silk.
SA T-IN-KT', 71. A kind of clotn made of cotton
warp and woollen filling.
-WOOD, n. A hard lemon-coloured wood
from India, used in cabinet-work.
SATIUK, u. A ill-course or poem containing se-
vere censure of vice or folly ; keenness and seve-
; remark. See LAMPOON.
SA-T1KU , }a. Belonging to satire; severely
\ L, j censorious.
S \-TlR'I-AL-LY, ad. With severe censure.
I U-IST, n. One wh.> writes satire.
S\l IR-iZi;, v L To con -in- with keenness.
fcJAT-ls-FAU TION, ?i. The state ot mind wlncn re-
sults. from the full gratification of desire ; content-
ment with present possession and enjoyment ;
the act of satisfying ; state of being sati.siied ; that
which satisfies ; compensation; disr:
SAT-IS-FA'TO-KI-LY, ad. In a manner to give
content or to convince the mind.
- FA'TO-RI-NES3, n. The quality of satis-
SAT-IS-FA-GTO-RY, a. Givincr orproduci;
faction ; yielding content ; making amends, iu-
recompense.
SAT'IS-Fl-A-liLE, a. That may have desires or de-
mands fulfilled or gratified.
- FI-ER, n. He who or that which satisfies.
t. Literally, to make enough ; to gra-
tify wants, wishes or desires to the full extent;
to content ; to atone ; to pay ; to recompen e ; to
convince ; to satiate, which see.
SAT'IS-FY, r. i. To give content ; to feed or sup-
ply to the full.
PBAP or SAT RAP, n. A Persian Governor.
SATRA-PY, n. Jurisdiction of a satrap.
SAT'0-KA-BLE, a. That can be filled or saturated.
SAT'0-RANT, a. Saturating; impregnating to the
full ; n. a medicine which neutralizes the acid in
the stomach.
asic; 6asj; Baszj CHOSSH; THIS.
SAT'C-RATE (sat'yu-), v. t. To impregnate ut
unite with till no more can be received or im-
bibed ; to fill to the full.
SAT-fJ-RA'TION, n. State of being saturated ; act
of saturating ; the point at which any body has
taken up by chemical affinity the maximum
quantity of any other body with which it may
combine.
SAT'UR-DAY, n. The last day of the week, origi-
nally dedicated to Saturn.
SAT'URN, n. A planet remote from the sun, and
the largest in size except Jupiter ; in mythology,
one of the oldest and principal divinities.
SAT-UR-NA'LI-A, n. pi. Festival of Saturn, being
a season of unrestrained licence and merriment
for the slaves and lower classes ; any season of
great licence or excess.
SAT-UR-NA'LI-AN, a. Pertaining to the festivals
celebrated in honour of Saturn ; loose ; disso-
lute.
SA-TOR'NI-AN, a. Partaining to Saturn ; happy.
SAT'UR-NINE, a. As if under the influence of
Saturn: hence, grave; heavy; dull; leaden.
SATUR-NIST, n. A person of a dull, grave,
gloomy temperament.
SA'TYR, n. A fabulous sylvan deity or monster,
half man and half goat.
SA-TYR'I, a. Pertaining to satyrs.
SAUCE (sawce), n. Something to be eaten with
food to improve its relish ; impudent language.
SAUCE (sawce), r. t. To apply sauce; to give a
relish.
SAUCE'BOX, n. A saucy and impertinent persoriT*
SAU'CER, n. Formerly, a small platter or dish in
which sauce was served ; a similar piece of crock-
ery in which a tea-cup is placed.
SAU'CI-LY, ad. Pertly ; impertinently.
SAU'CI-NESS, n. Impertinence; impudence, which
see.
SAU'CY, a. Grossly disrespectful in speech and
manners ; bold to excess ; expressive of impu-
dence. SYN. Insolent ; pert ; impertinent ; impu-
dent.
SAUER'-KRAUT (sour'-krout), n. [Cer.] Cabbage
preserved in brine, a German dish.
SAUNTER (sawn'ter), v. i. To wander about idly j
to linger ; to loiter, which see.
SAUN'TER-ER, n. One who wanders and loiters.
SAU'Rl-AN, a. Pertaining to the order of reptiles
comprehending lizards, crocodiles, &c.
SAU'SAGE, n. The intestine of an animal stuffed
'with minced meat.
SAVA-BLK, a. That can be sn
SAVA-ULE-NESS, n. Capacity of being saved.
SAVAGE, a. Primariiy, sylvan, or pertaining to the
forest ; hence, wild ; untamed ; uncivilized ; rude ;
cruel ; ferocious, which see.
SAVAGE, n. A person uncivilized; a human being 1
in his native state of rudeness ; a ruan of brutal
cruelty ; a barbarian.
SAVAGE-LY, ad. In the manner of a savage ;
cruelly; barbaron
SAVAGE-NESS, n. An untamed or uncivilized
state ; rudeness ; cruelty ; barbarity.
SAVAG-ISM, n. State of men in native rudeness.
SA-VAN'NA, n. An open meadow or plain. \_Amcr.~}
SA-VA3T 1 (sjj-vang', n. ; j>l. SA-VANS,'. [IV.] A man
of learning ; in the pi., literary men.
SAVE, v. t. To preserve from danger, loss, or ruin :
to rescue ; to spare ; to except.
., v. i. To hinder expense ; to be frugal.
SAVE' ALL, n. A pan for saving the ends of can-
dles ;" a small sail under another to save the
wind.
SAVER, n. One who preserves ; an economist.
SAVIN, n. A tree or shrub of the juniper kind.
SAVING, a. Avoiding unnecessary expenses ; fru-
gal ; adapted to save ; that saves.
SAVING, n. Something kept from being expended
or lost ; exception ; reservation.
SA V I NG-LY, ad. Frugally ; economically ; so as
to be saved.
SAV
408
SCA
I, fi, &c., long. I, S, &c., short. clRE, Pin, Lisr, S-ALL, WHAT ; THRT:, TiRM ; MAR.YNE, TifiiD ; M5TE,
flAV'ING-NKSS, n. Frugality; parsimony; caution SCAG-LI-0'LA (skal-ye-ola), n. A species of plaster
not to expend money unnecessarily. I or stucco with variegated colours.
SAV'INGS'-BANK, n. A bank or fund in which the I SCAL'A-BLE, a. That may be scaled,
savings or earnings of the poor are put to interest SCA-LADE'. See EPCALADK. [the head.
SCALD, n. A burning with hot liquid ; scurf on
SCALD, v. t. To injure by a hot liquid; to expose
to a boiling or violent heat over a fire.
SCALD, n. An ancient Scandinavian bard or poet.
SCALD, a. Scurvy; paltry; poor; mean.
SCALD'HEAD (-hed), n. A pustular eruption of
the hairy scalp.
SCALD'rC, a. Pertaining to the scalds or poets of
antiquity.
SCALE, 71. Dish of a balance ; one of the little
thin plates which form the crusty covering of a
fish ; any small separable laminae resembling the
scales of a fish, as scales of iron ; any instrument,
figure, or scheme graduated for the purpose of
measuring extent or proportions, regular grada-
tion ; gamut ; ladder ; escalade.
for their benefit.
SAV IOUR, (sav'yur), n. One who saves or delivers
from danger or destruction ; distinctively, Christ
the Redeemer.
SA'VOR-I-LY, ad. With an agreeable relish.
SA/VOR-I-NESS, n. Pleasing taste or smell.
SA'VOUR, n. The quality of any thing by which it
excites the sense of taste or smell ; the quality
which renders a thing valuable ; characteristic.
SYH. Taste ; scent ; odour ; smell.
SA'VOUR, v. i. To have a particular taste or smell ;
to have the quality or appearance of.
SA'VOUR, v. t. To like ; to taste or smell with
pleasure ; to partake of the nature of.
SA'VOUR-LESS, a. Destitute of savour.
SA'VOUR-LY, a. Well-seasoned ; of good taste
ad. with a pleasing relish.
SA'VOR-Y, a. Pleasing to the taste or smelL
SA-VOY', TI. A species of cabbage.
SAW, n. A cutting instrument consisting of a thin
plate of steel with toothed edge ; a saying ; a pro-
verb.
SAW, v. i. [pret. SAWED ; pp. SAWED, SAWN.] To
use a saw, as the man sa-os well ; to cut or divide
with a saw ; to be cut with a saw.
SAW, v. t. To cut or separate with a saw ; to form
by cutting with a saw.
SAW'ER, n. One who saws ; a sawyer.
SAWFISH, n. A fish allied to the shark, with the
upper jaw prolonged into a serrated beak.
SAWNEY, 7i. A nickname for a Scotchman ; cor-
"rupted from Alexander.
3 AW-PlT, 7i. A pit over which timber is sawed by
two men, one above the timber, the other below.
SAW-SET, ) 71. An instrument used to turn or
SAW-WREST,) set the teeth of saws.
SAWYER, n. One whose occupation is to saw
wood, &c. ; a tree in a stream, rising and sinking
by turns in the water.
SAX'I-FRAGE, n. A genus of beautiful Alpine
plants; a medicine that breaks or dissolves the
stone in the bladder.
SAX-lF'ltA-GOUS, a. Dissolving the stone.
SAXON, a. Pertaining to the Saxons, to their
country, or to their language.
SAX'ON, n The language of the Saxon.
SAX'ON-ISM, n. An idiom of the Saxon language.
SAY (sa), v. t. [pret. and pp. SAID.] To speak; to
utter in words ; to declare ; to pronounce ; to
affirm ; to testify ; to allege by way of argument ;
to rehearse ; to utter by way of reply.
SAY (sa), n. In popular itse, something said; a
speech.
SAY'ING (sa'ing), n. An expression; a sentence
uttered ; a proverbial expression. SYN. Proverb ;
maxim ; adage ; aphorism.
SCAB, n. An incrustation over a sore ; a conta-
gious disease of sheep.
SAB'B ARD, n. A sheath for a sword.
S!AB'BAIID, v. t. To put in a sheath.
SCAB'BED (skabd or skab'bed), a. Abounding or
diseased with scabs ; mean ; paltry.
SCAB'BED-NESS, n. The state of being scabbed.
SCAB'BI-NESS, n. The quality of being scabby.
SGAB'BY, a. Diseased with scabs or mange.
SCA'BI-OUS, a. Consisting of scabs; itchy;
rough.
SCA'BUOUS, a. Rough; rugged; having hard,
short, rigid points ; harsh ; unmusical.
SCA'BROUS-NESS, n. Roughness ; ruggedness.
SCAD, n. The horse-mackerel.
SCAF'FOLD, n. A stage or support for workmen
on buildings ; a temporary stage for exhibitions ;
an elevated platform for criminal executions.
SeAF'FOLD, v. t. To furnish with a scaffold.
SCAF'FOLD-AGE, n. A gallery ; a hollow floor.
SeAF'FOLD-ING, n. Works for support in an
elevated place ; materials for scaffolds.
SCALE, v. t. To scrape off scales ; to mount on
ladders or as by ladders.
SCALE, v. i. To separate or come off in thin lay-
ers or laminae.
SCALE'LESS, a. Destitute of scales.
SCA-LENE', a. Having sides and angles unequal.
S-GA'LI-NESS, n. The state of being scaly.
S!ALL, n. Scab ; leprosy. See SCALD.
SCALL'ION (skal'yuu), TI. An onion with a little, or
no bulb.
SCAL'LOP (skol'-), 71. A bivalve of the genus
Pecten; a recess or curving of the edge of any
thing, like the shell of the scallop.
SCAL'LOP (skol'lup), v. t. To cut the edge of any
thing into regularly curved indentations.
S-eAL'LOPJBD, a. Formed into scallops. Scalloped
oysters, originally baked in scallop-shells, are now
simply covered with bread-crumb, and baked in a
dish of any shape.
SCALP, n. Skin of the top of the head.
SCALP, v. t. To cut and tear off the scalp or integu-
ments of the head.
SCALP'EL, n. A knife used by surgeons.
SCALP'ING-KNlFE (-nlfe), n. A knifeTlsed by sa-
vages in scalping their prisoners.
S!AL'Y, a. Full of scales ; rough ; mean ; scabby ;
in botany, composed of scales lying over each
other.
SCAM'BLE, v. i. To stir quick ; to scramble.
SCAM'BLER, n. A bold intruder upon hospitality.
SAM'MO-NY, n. A plant of the genus convolvulus
and its inspissated sap ; a nauseous acid substance
used in medicine as a cathartic.
SCAMP, n. A worthless fellow ; a rascal.
S-C AMP'ER, v. i. To run with speed ; to hasten es-
cape.
SCAN, v. t. To examine closely or with critical
care ; to recite or measure verse by distinguishing
the feet in pronunciation.
S!AN'DAL, TI. Offence given by the faults of
another ; reproachful aspersion ; opprobrium ; de-
famatory speech or report ; something uttered
which is false and injurious to reputation. SYN.
Shame; reproach; opprobrium; disgrace.
SAN'DAL, v. t. To treat opprobriously ; to de-
fame ; to asperse.
SOAN'DAL-lZE, v. t. To offend by an action sup-
posed criminal ; to reproach ; to defame ; to sub-
ject to reproach,
S-eA_N'DAL-OUS, a. That causes scandal; that
brings shame or infamy ; defamatory. SYN. Op-
probrious ; disgraceful ; shameful ; base.
SAN'DAL-OU8-LY, ad. Disgracefully ; basely.
SCAN'DAL-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of being
scandalous.
SCAN'DA-LUM MAG-NA'TUH. [L.] Defamatory
speech or writing to the injury of a person of dig-
nity.
SCAN'DENT, a. Climbing, as a plant.
S!AN'NING, n. A critical examination; act of re-
solving a verse into its component feet. Scan-
io7i is little used.
SCA
DOTE, WOLF, BOOK; BflLE, BULL; vfcious,
, a. Adapted to climbing.
SCANT, . t. To limit ; to straiten ; to restrain.
SCANT, a. Not full, large, or plentiful ; scarcely
sufficient ; parsimonious ; scarcely ; hardly ; not
quite.
SCANT'I-LY, ad. Narrowly; sparingly.
SCANT'I-NESS, n. Narrowness ; limited extent ;
want of fulness ; want of sufficiency.
SJANTLE (skun'tl), v. t. To divide into thin
pieces ; to siiiver.
SCANTLE, v. i. To be deficient; to fail.
S-GANT'LING, 71. A pattern ; small quantity ; nar-
row pieces of timber for studs, &c.
SCANTLY, ad. Scarcely; hardly; not fully ; penu-
riously ; without amplitude.
SCANT'NESS, n. Narrowness ; limitedness.
S-CANT'Y, a. Narrow; sparing; poor; notcopious
or full; hardly sufficient; scant.
SAPE, n. A stem arising from the root and bear-
ing the fructification without leaves.
SGAPE GOAT, n. A goat sent away bearing the
sins of th% people.
SCAPE'GRACE, n. A hair-brained fellow.
SCAPE'LESS, a. Destitute of a scape.
SCAPE'MENT, n. The mechanism which connects
the motion of a clock or watch train with that of
the pendulum or balance by an alternate locking
and escape of the teeth of the scape-wheel. See ES-
CAPEMENT.
SCAPH'OID, a. Boat-shaped ; hollow.
SAP'C-LA, n. ; pi. S-elr'u-L^. The shoulder-bone.
S-CAP'CT-LAR, a. Belonging to the shoulder.
SCAP'0-LAR, "/ n. A part of the habit of a Rom-
SCAP'0-LA-RY, j an Catholic priest, consisting
of two narrow slips of cloth worn over the shoul-
ders.
SAR, n. The mark remaining after the healing of
a wound or ulcer ; any mark of injury ; a blemish ;
a bluff' precipice or rock.
SCAR, v. t. To mark with a scar.
SCAR'A-MOUCH, n. A buifoon in motley dress.
SCARCE, a. Not plentiful or abundant ; being in
smallquimtity in proportion to the demand ; being
few in number ; uncommon ; rare, which see.
SCARCE (4), }ad. Scantily; hardly; with diffi-
SCARCE'LY, ) culty.
SCARCE'NESS, \ n. Defect of plenty ; smallness
SAR'CI-TY, $ of quantity in proportion to the
want or demand ; rareness ; infrequency.
SCARE, v. t. To terrify suddenly; to strike with
sudden terror. SYN. To frighten ; affright ; alarm ;
SelTl/CROW (skareTiro), n. A thing to frighten
crows or fowls from corn-fields ; hence, anything
terrifying without danger ; a vain terror.
SCARF, n. A loose covering or cloth over the
shoulders.
SCARF, v. t. To throw on or to dress loosely ; to
join two pieces of timber at the ends.
SCARF'ING, . The joining of two pieces of tim-
ber at the ends so as to make one beam.
SCARF'-SKlN, 7t. The outer thin integument of
the body ; epidermis ; the cuticle.
SAR-I-FI-CA'TION, n. The act or operation of
scarifying.
SGAR'I-Fl-ER, n. The person or instrument that
scarifies ; an instrument to loosen soil.
SCAR'I-FY, v. t. To scratch and cut the skin, or
to make small incisions with a lancet.
SAR-LA-Tl'NA, n. A term sometimes applied to
scarlet fever.
SCAR-LAT'I-NOUS, a, Of a scarkt colour; per-
taining to the scarlet fever.
SG AR'LET, n. A bright red colour ; cloth of a scar-
let colour.
SGAR'LET, a. Of a bright-red colour.
SCAR'LET-FE'VER, n. A disease characterized by
fever, accompanied with a crimson-red flush or
eruption.
SCARP, n. The interior slope or talus of a ditch.
SCATH, n. Damage ; v. t. to injure ; to waste.
S-eATH'FlJL, a. Injurious ; destructive.
409 SOU
-r n* TC; 6 as j; as z ; CH as BX; THIS.
SCATH'LESS, a. Without waste or damage.
SCAT TER, v. t. To separate things to a distance
from each other ; to throw loosely about. SYN.
To spread ; disperse; dissipate; strew.
SCATTER, v. i. To be dispersed or dissipated.
SCATTER-BRAIN, n. One who is giddy orthought
less.
SCAT'TER-INGS, n. pi. Things scattered.
SCAVEN-GER, n. One who cleans streets.
SCENE (seen), n. The stage of a theatre ; thewhole
series of actions and events exhibited ; part of a
play, or so much as passes between the same per-
sons in the same place ; place of exhibition ; exhi-
bition of strong feeling between persons ; any
remarkable exhibition.
SCEN'EU-Y, 71. The appearances or objects that
make up a scene or view ; representation of the
place in which an action is performed ; paintings
representing the' scenery of a play. SYN. Repre-
sentation ; imagery.
SCEN'LC (s6n'ik), } a. Pertainingto scenery ; thea-
$
SUEN'IC-AL, $ trical ; dramatic.
SCEN-O-GUAPH'I-C, > a. Pertaining to sceno-
SCEN-O-GRAPH'I-ALJ graphy; drawn in per-
spective.
SCE-NOG'KA-PHY (-nSg'ra-fy), n. The represen-
tation of a body on a perspective plane ; the art
of perspective.
SCENT, n. That which causes a thing to be per-
ceived by the organs of smell; the p<>..
smelling ; chase by the smell. SYN. Odour ;
smell.
SCENT, v. t. To perceive by the olfactory organs j
to imbue with odour ; to smell ; to perfume.
SCENT'FUL, a. Odorous ; yielding smell.
SCENT'LESS, a. Inodorous ; void of smell.
SCEPTI-CISM, n. Universal doubt.
SCEPTRE, n. A staff or baton borne by kings as a
badge of authority ; the appropriate ensign of
royalty ; royal authority.
SCEPTRE, v. t. To invest with royal authority.
SCEPTRED, a. Invested with or bearing a
sceptre.
SCEl'TRE-LESS, a. Having no sceptre.
SCEPTIC (skep'tik). SceSKKpuc.
SCHED'OLE (sked- sed- shed-), n. An inventory of
property, debts, &c. SYN. List; catalogue.
is a bare record of names, titles, &c., set down with
or without regular order ; a catalogue is a list ar-
ranged according to some principle, and is usually
designed to describe things more or less particu-
larly ; a schedule is a formal list or inventory pre-
pared for legal or business purposes. A list must
be complete ; a catalogue must be properly ar-
ranged ; a schedule must have the titles and
descriptions explicitly given, and be properly
attested.
SCHED'OLE (skSd'yul), v\ t. To place in a cata-
logue.
SCHE'MA-TISM (ske'ma-tr/m), n. Combination of
aspects of planets ; particular form of a thia^.
SCHE'MA-TIST, n. One given to forming schemes ;
a schemer ; a contriver ; a projector.
SCHEME (skeme), n. A combination of things into
one view, as a scheme of the heavens ; delineation ;
a proposed mode of accomplishing some end, as a
scheme of operations. SYN. Plan. Scheme and plau
are subordinate to design ; they propose modes of
carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the
least definite of the two, and lies more in specu-
lation ; a plan is drawn out into details with a
view of being carried into effect. As schemes are
speculative, they often prove visionary; hence
the words schemer and scheming. Plans, being
more practical, are more frequently carried into
effect.
SCHEME, v. t. To plan ; to contrive; v. i. to form
a plan ; to contrive.
S-CHEM'ER (ske'mer), n. A projector ; a contriver.
SHEM'IST, n. A schemer ; a projector.
SCHENK BEER, n. A mild German beer, so called
because put on draft (scTienfcen, to pour out) very
SCH
410
SCO
I, , &c , long. I, fi, &c., short. C!RE, PAR, LIST, F^LL, WH^T; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, BiRD; MOTE,
soon after it is made, as distinguished from lager
beer, which see.
8HE'SIS (ske'-), n. General state of body or
mind; habitude.
SCHlL'LER-SPAR, n. A magnesio-silicious min-
eral, with pearly lustre and faint play of colours.
SHlR'RUS. See SCIKRHUS.
SCHISM (slzm), n. In a general sense, division or
separation, but appropriately, a division or sepa-
ration in a church or denomination of Christians,
occasioned by diversity of opinions.
SCHIS-MAT'I, ")o. Pertaining to or partak-
SCHIS-MAT'I-AL, f ing of schism ; tending to
schism.
SCHIS-MAT'I (siz-mat'ik), n. One who separates
from a church through diversity of opinions ; one
who promotes or encourages schism. See HERETIC.
SCHIST (shist), TV. A rock having a foliated struc-
ture, as mica-schist.
SCHISTOSE, ) a. In geology, slaty or imperfectly
SCHISTOUS, j slaty in structure.
SHOL'AR (skSl'ar), n. One who learns of a
teacher ; a man of letters. Emphatically used, a
man eminent for erudition ; a man of books. SYN.
Pupil. Scholar refers to the instruction, and pupil
to the care and government of a teacher. A
scholar is one who is under instruction ; a pupil
(Lat. pupillus, a fatherless child) is one who is
under the immediate and personal care of an in-
structor ; hence we speak of an apt scholar and an
obedient pupil.
SHOL'AR-LIKE, a. Becoming or like a scholar.
SH(")L'AR-LY, a. Becoming a scholar.
SHOL'AR-SHIP, n. Bank or standing as a
scholar; attainments in science or literature;
foundation for the support of a scholar. SYN.
Learning ; erudition.
SHO-LAS'TI!, > a. Pertaining to a scholar,
S!HO-LAS'TI-AL, j to a school, or to schools :
scholar-like ; becoming a scholar ; pertaining to
the schoolmen or divines and philosophers of the
Middle Ages, who dealt much in over-nice and
subtile speculations ; pedantic.
SHO-LAS'TI, n. One who adheres to the sub-
tilties of the schools.
SHO-LAS'TI-AL-LY (sko-), a. In a scholastic
manner ; according to the niceties of the schools.
SHO-LAS'TI-CISM (sko-), n. The method or
subtilties of the schools.
SHO'LI-AST (sko'le-ast), n. A commentator; a
writer of notes ; a name given particularly to the
old critics, who wrote marginal annotations cal-
led scholia on the manuscripts of the Greek and
Latin classics.
SHO-LI-ASTTe (sko-le-ast'ik), a. Pertaining to
a scholiast.
SHO'LI-UM, n. ; pi. SHO'LI-A or SHO'LI-USIS. A
note subjoined to a demonstration ; a note or an-
notation.
SHOOL (skool), n. A place of education ; pupils
assembled for instruction ; a system of doctrine
taught by particular teachers ; place of improve-
ment.
SCHOOL, v. t. To instruct j to train ; to educate.
6HOOL'-BOY (skoolM, n. A boy who attends a
school. [teaches a school.
8HOOL'-DAME (skool'~), n. The female who
SHOOL'-FEL-LOW (skool'-fel-lo), n. A com-
panion in school.
SHOOL'-HOUSE (skool'-), n. A house for a
subordinate school or appropriated for instruction.
SHOOL'ING (skool'-), n. Instruction in school ;
tuition; price for teaching; reproof; reprimand.
SHOOL'MAN (skool'-), n. One versed in tlu>
school divinity of the Middle Ages, or in the nicv
ties of academic disputation.
SHOOL'MAS-TER, n. A man who teaches and
governs a school.
SCHOOL'MlS-TRESS, n. A woman who teaches a
school.
SHOON'ER (skoon'er), n. A vessel with two
masts, and fore-and-aft mainsail and foresail.
SCHORL, n. A Silicious mineral ; black tourmaline
SCI'AG-RAPH-Y, n. The art of delineati:
dows as they are cast in nature, on mathematical
principles.
SCI-AT'I, ) a. Pertaining to the hip or affect
SCI-AT'I-e-AL.j ing it.
SCI-AT'I!-A, n. Rheumatism in the hip.
SCI'ENCE (sl'ence), n. Knowledge reduced to sys-
tem. SYN. Literature ; art. /Science (from scientia;
is literally knowledge, but now denotes a systema-
tic arrangement of knowledge, and hence we speak
of reducing a subject to a science. In a more dis-
tinctive sense, science embraces those branches of
knowledge which give a positive statement of
truth as founded in the nature of things, or esta-
blished by observation and experiment. The term
literature sometimes denotes all compositions not
embraced under science, but is usually confined to
the belles-lettres. [See LITERATURE.] Art is that
which depends on practice and skill in perfor-
SCI-EN'TER. [.] Knowingly ; skilfully.
SCl-Efl'TIAL (si-gn'shal), a. Producing science.
SCl-EN-TlF'K), a. According to principles of sci-
ence ; versed in science, so as to produce knowledge.
SCl-EN-TlFT-e-AL-LY, ad. According to rides of
science.
SCIL'I-CET (sfl'e-set). [L.] To wit; namely.
SCIM'ET-AR. SeeLiiiETER.
SCINK. See SKIKK.
SCiN'TIL-LANT, a. Emitting sparks ; spari
SClN'TIL-LATE, v. i. To emit sparks or fine
neous particles ; to sparkle.
SCIN-TIL-LA'TION, n. Act of sparkline.
SCI'O-LISM (si'o-lizm), n. Superficial knowledge.
SCFO-LIST (si'o-list), -n. One who is superficial iu
knowledge ; one who knows little, or who knows
many things superficially.
SCI'O-MAN-CY, n. Divination by shadows, or the
shades of the dead.
SCI'ON, n. A young shoot of a tree ; a cutting of a
twig used for engrafting on another stock.
SCI-OPTI (si-5p'tik), n. A sphere with a lens to
turn like the eye, for projecting images of exter-
nal objects on a screen in a dark room ; a scioptic
ball.
SCI-OP'TieS, n. pi. Science of exhibiting images of
external objects through a convex glass in a dark
room.
SCI'RE FA'CI-AS. [L.] A writ requiring one to
show cause why something, as execution of judg-
ment, should not be done.
SCI-RO'-eO,) n. A hot, suffocating wind in Italy.
SCI-RO', f See SIROCCO.
SIR-RHOS'I-TY (skir-rds'e-ty), n. Induration of
the glands. [as a gland.
SelR'RHOTJS(sMr'rus),a. Indurated; hard; knotty,
SOIR'RHUS (skTr'rus), n. An indurated gland.
SClS'SEL, n. The clippings or waste cuttings of
metals in the process of manufacture.
SCiS'SI-BLE (sls'se-bl), a. Capable of being cut by
an instrument.
SClS'SlLE (sis'sil), a. That may be cut or divided
by a sharp instrument.
SCIS'SION (slzh'un), n. A cutting or dividing with
an edged or sharp instrument.
SClS'SORS (slz'zurz), n. pi. A cutting instrument,
smaller than shears, with two blades turning on a
centre-pin.
SCIS'$URE (tfzli'ur), n. A longitudinal cut.
SLA-VO'NI-ANJ a. Pertaining to Sclav onia, or
SLA-VC-N'K!, I" to the Sclavi, or their lan-
guage ; hence, the language.
SLE-R6T'II (skle-rot'ik), a. Hard; firm; n. the
firm, white, outer coat of the eye ; a medicine
which hardens and consolidates the parts to
which it is applied. [sawdust.
SOB'I-FORM, a. Having the form of raspings or
SOB$, n. pi. Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals,
or other hard substance ; dross of metals.
SOFF, v. i. To treat with insolent ridicule,
mockery, or contumelious language; to deride
JSUO
411
SOB
D6VE. WpUT, B<JOK; BtiLE, BfLL; vf'CIOCS.
contemptuously, with at. SYN. To mock ; gibe ;
deride ; ridicule ; jeer ; sneer, which see.
SOFF, v. t. To treat with derision or scorn.
SCOFF, n. Expression of scorn ; derision ; mock-
ery, or ridicule, expressed in language of con-
tempt.
SCOFF'ER, n. One who scoffs.
SOFF'ING-LY, ad. In scorn; with contempt.
SOLD, v. t. To find fault, or rail with rude cla-
mour ; to brawl ; to utter railing, or harsh bois-
terous rebuke ; v. t. to chide with rudeness and
boisterous clamour ; to rate.
SOLD, n. A person who scolds; a brawler; a
brawl.
SOLD'ING, n. Act of chiding or railing ; railing
language.
SCOL'LOP, n. A bivalve with a pectinated shell ;
an indenting or cutting in segments of a circle
like those of a scollop-shell. See SCALLOP.
S'Ol/LOP, v. t. To form with scollops. See
SCALLOP.
SCONCE, 71. That which holds or supports a can-
dle ; a hanging candlestick ; the tube with a brim
in a candlestick, into which the candle is in-
serted; in vulgar use, sense; judgment; dis-
cretion.
SOOP, n. A large ladle ; a sweep or sweeping
stroke ; an instrument of surgery.
SCOOP, v. i. To cut into a hollow, as a scoop ; to
lade out.
SCOOP'-NET, n. A hand-net so formed as to sweep
the bottom of a river.
SCOPE, n. Properly, the whole extent or reach of
view; hence, amplitude or limit of intellectual
view ; ultimate design, aim, or purpose ; extent.
SYN. Space; room; intention; tendency;
drift.
SCOR-BtTTI, o. Diseased with scurvy; of the
nature of scurvy, or pertaining to it.
SCORCH, v. t. To burn on the surface ; to parch ;
to affect painfully with heat; v. i. to be burnt on
the surface; to be parched or dried.
ORE, n. A notch to mark a number; the num-
ber twenty, as signified by a distinguishing notch ;
an account kept by notches ; debt or account pi
debt; a line drawn; reason; motive; in music,
the entire draught of any composition or its
transcript.
BORE, v. t. To notch ; to cut ; to cut and chip
for hewing, as to score timber ; to mark ; to en-
grave ; to set down, or take, as an account ; to
charge ; to form a score in music ; in score, hav-
ing the notes annexed to the words.
SCWRI-A, n. pi. S-eo'Ei-^;. [L.] The drossy mat-
ter of metals in fusion ; the slaggy lava of a vol-
cano. SYN. Slag; dross; cinders.
SCO-RI-A'CEOUS (-a'shus), a. Pertaining to or
partaking of the nature of scoria ; like dross.
SCO-RI-FI-CA'TION, n. Act of reducing to scoria.
S0'RI-FORM, o. Being in the form of dross.
SCO'RI-FY, v. t. To reduce to scoria or dross.
SCOR'ING, n. A cutting ; a marking down ; a
whipping.
SCO'RI-OUS, a. Drossy ; consisting of dross.
SCORN (20), n. Extreme contempt, or the subject
of it; disdaiu.
SORN, v. t. To hold in extreme contempt; to
think unworthy ; to disregard. SYN. To despise ;
in; slight; contemn, which see.
SCORN'ER, n. One who scorns ; a despiser ; a
scoffer.
SCORN'FUL, a. Entertaining scorn ; acting in de-
fiance or"disregard ; holding religion in contempt.
SYN. Cpntemptuous ; disdainful.
SORN'FUL-LY, ad. With disdain; contemptu-
ously; insolently.
SCOR'PI-ON, n. A lobster-shaped insect of the
pedipalpi section of the order pulmonaria, its long
jointed abdomen terminates in a venomous claw
or sting ; a sea-fish ; the eighth sign in the zodiac ;
a scourge.
Sf on TA-TO-RY, a. Pertaining to lewdness.
ea.sc; 6 as J ; sasz; CH as SH ; THIS.
SOT, v. t. To support or stop from rolling back,
as the wheel of a waggon.
SCOT, n. A native of Scotland; share ; reckoning ;
tax or assessment.
SCOTCH, a. Pertaining to Scotland, its people or
language.
SCOTCH, n. A slight cut or shallow incision.
SCOTCH, v. i. To cut with shallow incisions ; to
wound slightly; to prevent a wheel from rolling ;
to scot. [pieces.
SCOTCH'-COL-LOPS, n. pi. Veal cut into small
SCO-TER, n. The black duck or diver.
SCOT'-FREE, o. Excused from payment; tin-
taxed ; unhurt ; clear ; safe.
SCOTTI-CISM, 71. A Scottish idiom.
SCOTTISH, a. Pertaining to Scotland or to the
Scotch. [the dark.
SCOT'O-GRAPH, n. An instrument for writing in
SCOUN'DREL, 7i. A mean, worthless fellow; a
low villain ; a rascal.
SCOUN'DREL, a. Low ; base ; villainous.
SCOUNDREL-ISM, n. Conduct characteristic of
a scoundrel ; baseness ; rascality.
SCOUR, v. t. To clean by rubbing with something
rough ; to cleanse from grease, dirt, &c., as cloth ;
to purge violently ; to pass over swiftly ; to range
about for taking all that can be found, as to scour
the seas for pirates ; to brush along.
SCOUR, v. i. To perform the business of scouring ;
to clean ; to be purged.
SCOUR'ER, n. One who scours ; a cathartic.
SCOURGE (skurj), n. A whip or lash, as an in-
strument of punishment or discipline; a punish-
ment; any continued calamity.
SCOURGE (skurj), v. t. To whip severely for pun-
ishment ; to punish severely ; to chastise ; to af-
flict greatly; to harass.
SOORG'ER, 7i. One who scourges.
SCOUT, n. In military affairs, one sent to discover
the state of an enemy ; a college servant.
S-COUT, v. i. To act as a scout ; to sneer at.
SCOUT, v. t. To treat with disdain and contempt.
SCOVEL, n. A baker's oven-mop.
SCOW, 7i. A large flat-bottomed boat.
SCOW, v. t. To transport in a scow.
SCOWL, v. i. To wrinkle the brows as in frown-
ing or displeasure ; to put on a frowning look ; to
look gloomy, dark, or tempestuous.
SCOWL, n. The wrinkling of the brows in frown-
ing ; the expression of sulleuness, discontent, or
displeasure in the countenance ; gloomy, threat-
ening aspect.
S^RAB'BLE, v. t. or v. i. To scrape or paw with
the hands ; to go or climb by catching with the
hands on objects for support or assistance ; to
scramble ; to make crooked marks ; to mark with
irregular or unmeaning lines or letters ; to scrib-
ble.
SRAB'BLE (skrab'bl), n. A scramble.
SCRAB'BLER, n. One who scrabbles.
SORAG, n. Something lean androuirh.
SCRAG'GED, ) a. Kough, with irregular points:
SCRAG'GY, $ broken ; lean and ri .
SCRAG'GED-NESS, \ n. Leanness with roughness ;
SCRAG'GI-NESS, j ruegedness of surface.
SCRAG'GI-LY, ad. With leanness and rough-
ness.
S-CRAM'BLE, v. i. To claw or catch eagerly with
the hands, as if to obtain something in competi-
tion with others ; to move or climb by seizing
objects with the hand for assistance; to contend.
SCRAM'BLE, n. Eager competition or catching
for the possession of something; a climbing
quickly by using the hands.
SCRAM'BLEK, n. One who scrambles.
SRANCH, . t. To grind between the teeth ; to
scraunch.
SRAP, n. A little piece. Properly, something
scraped off; a part ; a fragment.
S-CRAP'-BWK, n. A blank book for the preserva-
tion of short pieces of poetry and other ex-
tracts.
SCR
412
SOU
I, fi, <fec., long. I, fi, &c. t short. C!RE, FAR, LAST,
SCRAPE, w. t. To remove the surface of or rub
with a rough tool or instrument ; to erase ; to in-
sult by rubbing the feet over the floor.
SCRAPE, n. A rubbing; difficulty; perplexity.
SCRAP'ER, n. An instrument for scraping and
cleaning; a miser ; an awkward fiddler.
SCRATCH, v. t. To rub or tear the surface of ; to
rub or tear with the nails ; to wound slightly ; to
scratch, out, to erase or obliterate ; v. t. to use the
claws in tearing a surface.
SCRATCH, n. A slight wound or laceration; a
sort of wig ; a rent ; among boxers, the line of
meeting for a fight; hence, trial; severity of a
contest.
SCRATCH'ER, n. He who or that which scratches.
SCRATCH'ES, n. pi Cracked ulcers on a horse's
foot.
SCRAWL, v. t. To draw or mark irregularly and
awkwardly ; to write clumsily.
SRAWL, v. i. To write unskilfully.
SCRAWL, 71. Bad or irregular writing; a rough
bush or branch.
S-CRAWLER, n. One who scrawls; a bad writer
or penman.
SCRAWNY, a. Scranny; lean; wasted. [U. S.]
SCREAK (skreek), v. i. To creak; to make a shrill
noise.
SCREAK, n. A creaking ; a screech.
SCREAM (skreem), v. i. To cry with a shrill voice ;
to utter a shrill, harsh cry, as in pain or fright.
SCREAM (skreem), n. A sharp, shrill outcry; a
shriek uttered suddenly, as in terror or pain.
SCREAM'ER, n. One that screams ; a fowl.
SCREECH, v. t. To utter a sudden shrill cry, as
in terror or acute pain ; to utter a sharp cry, as an
owl. SYN. To shriek ; scream.
SCREECH, n. A sharp, shrill cry, as in acute
pain or in a sudden fright ; a harsh, shrill cry.
SCREECH'-OWL, n. An owl that screeches.
SCREED, n. In architecture, a name given to
wooden rules for " running" mouldings.
SCREEN, v. t. To separate or cut off from incon-
venience or danger ; to shelter ; to defend ; to
conceal; to sift or separate the coarse part of
any thing from the fine; to pass through a
screen.
SCREEN, n. Something that separates or cuts off
what is not wanted or is injurious ; that which
shelters or protects ; a coarse riddle or sieve.
SCREW (31) (skru),n. A cylinder grooved spirally,
and variously used in mechanics ; one of the six
mechanical powers. A wood-screw is made of iron
for entering wood.
SCREW (skru), v. t. To turn or fasten with a
screw; to distort; to deform by contortions ; to
force : to squeeze.
SOREW'-STEAM'ER, n. A steam vessel propelled
by a screw in the stern, i. e., a revolving wheel
with broad blades, which strike upon the water
and force the ship forward.
SCRlB'BLE, v. i. To write without care or beauty ;
v. t. to write with haste or carelessly ; to fill with
artless or worthless writing.
SCRlB'BLE, n. Hasty and careless writing.
SCRIB'BLER, n. A petty writer or author.
SCRIBE, n. A writer ; notary ; clerk or secretary ;
among the Jen-s, a doctor of law ; one who read
and explained the law.
SCRIBE, v. t. To mark by a model or rule ; to
mark so as to fit one piece to another.
S-CRlMP, v. t. To contract; to shorten; to make
too small.
SCRIMP, n. A pinching miser ; a niggard.
SCKlMP, a. Short; scanty. fLocal]
SCRIP, n. A small bag ; a piece of writing, certifi-
cate, or schedule ; a certificate of stock subscribed
to a bank or other company.
SCRIPT, n. Type in the form of written letters.
SCRlPT'CR-AL (skrfpt'yii-ral), a. According to
the Scriptures ; contained in the Scriptures.
SCRIPT'ORE (skrfpt'yur), n. Primarily, a writing ;
distinctively, the books of the Old and New Testa-
; MARINE, BtRD;
ment; the Bible; used either in the singular or
plural.
SCRIPT'OR-IST, n. One versed in the criptures.
SCRlV'EN-ER (skrlv'ner), n. One whose occupa-
tion is to draw contracts or other writings, or to
place money at interest.
SCROF'0-LA, TV. A disease affecting various parts,
but generally the glands, especially of the neck,
when it is popularly called king' 8 evil; strunia.
SCROF'U-LOUS, a. Diseased with scrofula; per-
taining to scrofula.
SCROLL, n. Roll of paper or parchment ; a volute
or spiral ornament in architecture; a rounded
mark or flourish added to a signature.
SCRO'TI-FORM, a. Shaped like a purse.
SCRUB, n. A worn brush ; a mean drudge.
SCRUB, v. t. To rub hard, as with a brush or some-
thing coarfee, and commonly with water, as to
scrub a floor; to scour; v. i. to be diligent and
penurious.
SCRUB'BY, a. Mean ; sorry ; worthless.
the determination of what is right; hesitation to
decide; a weight of twenty grains. Proverbially,
a very small quantity.
SCRU'PLE (skru'pl), v. t. or v. i. To doubt; to
hesitate.
SCRU'PLER, n. One who has scruples.
SCRU-PU-LOS'I-TY, n. The quality or state of
being scrupulous ; nicety of doubt or hesitation.
SCRU'PU-LOUS, a. Hesitating or nice in decision
for fear of doing something wrong ; nice in mat-
ters of conscience; given to making objections;
exact in regarding facts; nice. -SYN. Conscien-
tious ; exact ; doubtful ; careful ; cautious.
SCRC'PU-LOUS- LY, ad. With a nice regard to
minute particulars or to exact propriety.
SCRU'PU-LOUS-NESS, n. Quality of being scru-
pulous ; exactness, niceness, or cauticn in deter-
mining or acting from regard to truth, propriety,
or experience ; nicety of doubt ; preciseness.
SCRUTA-BLE, a. Discoverable by inquiry, or cri-
tical examination.
SCRU-TI-NEER', n. One who scrutinizes.
SCRU'TI-NIZE (31), v. t. To examine closely.
SCRU'TI-NIZ-ER, n. One who searches or exam-
ines closely.
SCRU'TI-NOUS, o. Inquisitive; exact in search-
ing ; captious.
SGRU'TI-NY, n. Close search or examination.
SCRU-TOIR' (skru-twor') n. A kind of chest, cabi-
net or drawers for papers.
S!0D, v. i. To fly or be driven with haste.
SCUD, n. The lowest cloud driven swiftly by the
wind ; a rushing or driving along.
SCUD'DLE, v. i. To run with affected haste.
SCU'DO, n. ; pi. Scu'pi. [It.l An Italian silver coin ;
in Rome its value is 4s. 4d.
SCUF'FLE (skuf fl), n. A confused struggle or con-
test of persons in close embrace ; a tumultuous
strife for victory ; a fight.
SCDF'FLE (skuffl), v. i. To strive with d6s6 em-
brace ; to contend tumultuously.
SCOF'FLER, n. One who scuflies.
SC0LK, v. i. To lurk secretly; to lie close. See
SKULK.
SG0LL, n. A short oar; a boat.
SC0LL, v. t. To impel by angularly turning an oar
at the stern of a boat.
SGULL'ER, n. One who skulls; a boat rowed by
one man.
SCULL'ER-Y, n. A place for kitchen utensils.
S0LL'ION (skul'yun), n. One that cleans po f .&
and kettles or serves in the scullery.
SCCLP'TILE (skulp'ttl), o. Formed by carving.
SCULPTOR, n. An artist in sculpture.
SC0LPT0R-AL (skulpt'yur-al), a. Pertaining to
sculpture.
SCULPTURE (skulpt'yur), n. The act or art of re-
presenting the forms of objects or persons ii\
sou
413
SEA
DOVE, WOLF, BOQK ; B^LE, BELL ; vfcious.
stone or other material, primarily by chiselling or
carving, but also by other modes, as moulding
and casting ; carved work.
SCULPTURE (skulpt'yur), v. t. To carve ; to form
images by chiselling or carving.
SUM, n. Froth or impurities on the surface of
liquor ; refuse.
SfJ I" M , v. t. To take off the scum ; to skim.
SCUM'BLE, v. t. In painting, t'o spread opaque
colours thinly over others for effect.
SCU.M'MEK, n. One who scums; & skimmer.
SCUM'MINGS, n. pi. Matter skimmed from liquor.
SCUPPER, n. A hole cut through the sides of a
vessel to discharge water from the deck of a
ship.
SCCP'PER-HOSE (-hoze), n. A leathern pipe at-
tached to the mouth of the scuppers of the lower
deck of a ship to prevent the water from enter-
ing.
SUP'PER-NAIL, n. A nail with a broad head for
covering a large surface of the hose.
SC0RF, ii. A dry mealy scab or crust on the skin
of an animal.
SCURF, n. A name for the bull-trout.
SURF'I-NESS, n. State of being scurfy.
SCURFTT, a. Covered with or like scurf.
SUR'RlLE (skur'ril), a. Such as befits a buffoon
or vulgar jester; low; mean; opprobrious.
SCUR-RlL'I-TY, n. Low, vulgar, abusive lan-
guage; grossness of reproach or invective; vile
buffoonery or jesting.
SCR'RIL-OUS, a. Using vile, opprobrious lan-
guage; containing low indecency or abuse; grossly
abusive. STN. Opprobiious; abusive; reproach-
ful ; vile ; mean ; vulgar.
BUR'RIL-OUS-LY, ad. With scurrility.
BCUR'RIL-OUS-NESS, n. Indecency and abusive-
ness of language ; baseness of manners ; vulgarity.
. Meanly ; pitifully ; basely.
SCUR'VI-NESS, n. State of being scurvy.
SCUR'VY, n. A disease characterised by debility,
a pale, bloated face, bleeding gums, and livid tu-
mours ; a. scurfy ; scabby ; low ; mean.
SUR'VY-GRASS, n. A plant allied to cresses,
growing on the sea-shore, and celebrated for its
anti-scorbutic properties.
Si'UT, n. The tail of a hare or other animal whose
tail is short.
SCUTATE, a. Having the form of a round buckler ;
protected by large scales.
Sf CTCH, v. t. To beat or cleanse, asjlax.
H'EQN (skttch'un), n. The ornamental bit
of brass plate perforated with a key-hole of apiece
of furniture.
SCU'TEL-LA-TED, a. Formed like a pan ; divided
into small surfaces.
S C'TI-FORM, a. Resembling a buckler.
SCUTTLE, 7i. A broad shallow basket ; a metal
pail for coals ; in ships, a small hatchway or open-
ing ; an opening in the roof of a house ; a quick
pace.
SCUTTLE, v. t. To cut large holes in the sides or
bottom of a ship for any purpose ; to sink by cut-
ting a hole in the bottom.
SCUTTLE, v. i. To run with affected precipita-
tion.
SCYTHE (sithe), n. An instrument with a long
curved blade for mowing grass, or cutting grain or
other vegetables.
SCYTHE, . t. To cut or arm with a scythe.
SCYTHE'MAN, n. One who uses a scythe.
SCYTH'I-AN (slth'e-an), a. Pertaining to Scythia,
the northern part of Asia and Europe.
SEA (se), n. A part or large branch of an ocean, as
the Mediterranean or Caribbean Sea; a large
body of salt-water ; the region of ocean as distin-
guished from the land, as to put to sea, on the
seas ; a wave or billow, as to ship a sea ;
a large basin or laver, as the brazen sea of the
Jewish tabernacle or temple ; sometimes, a large
body of inland water, as the Caspian Sa, the Sea
of Galilee.
. -e as K ; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
SEA'-BEAT, ) o. Beaten by the
SA'-BAT-EN (se'-be-tn), j waves; lashed by
the waves.
SEA'-BOARD, n. The sea-shore; ad. toward the
sea.
SEA'-BOAT (se'-bote), n. A vessel with respect to
her behaviour in bad weather.
SEA'-BOEN, o. Born on the ocean or produced
by it.
SEA'-BOY, n. A boy employed on board a ship.
SEA'-BREACH (se'breech), n. An irruption of the
sea.
SEA'-BREEZE, n. A current of air from the sea.
SEA'-BUlLT (se'-bttt), a. Built for the sea.
SEA'-CALF, n. The common seal.
SEA'-CAP-TALN (-kap'tin), n. The captain of a
ship.
SEA'-COAL (-kole), n. Fossil coal; coal brought
by sea.
SEA'-COAST (-koste), n. The shore or border of
the land adjacent to the sea or ocean.
SEA'-DOG, n. The dog-fish, allied to the shark ;
the common seal.
SEA-EL'E-PHANT, n. A large animal of the seal
famil.v, called also eZep7umt seal.
SEA'-FAR-ER, n. A mariner ; a seaman.
SEA'-FAR-ING, a. Usually employed on the sea.
SEA'-FIGHT (-f Ite), n. A naval engagement.
SEA'-FOWL, n. A fowl, that lives near the sea.
SEA'-GAGE, n. The depth that a vessel sinks in
the water.
SEA'-GIRT (17), a. Surrounded by the water of
the sea or ocean.
SA'-GOD, n. A marine deity ; a fabulous being,
supposed to preside over the sea, as Neptune.
SEA r -GREEN, a. Having the colour of sea-water.
SEA'-HORSE, n. The morse or walrus.
SEA'-LET-TER, n. A paper from the custom-
house, specifying the cargo of a foreign-bound
SEAL (seel), n. The common name for the aquatic
carnivorous mammals of the family Phocidae, in-
habiting sea-coasts and islands in high latitudes,
and valuable for their skins, fur, and oil.
SEAL (seel), n. A piece of metal or stone with a
device or inscription on it, used for making an
impression, as on wax ; the wax or other sub-
stance set to an instrument, and impressed or
stamped with a seal ; the wax or wafer on a letter ;
that which confirms.
SEAL (seel), v. t To amx a seal ; to fasten with a
seal; to mark; to confirm; to keep close: to
ratify.
SEA'-LEGS, n. pi. The ability to walk on n ship's
deck, when pitching and rolling.
SEAL'ER (seel'er), n. One who seals ; an officer
who tries weights and measures, and stamps them
as legal.
SEAL'ING, n. The business of taking seals ; the
act of affixing a seal.
SEAL'ING-WAX, n. A coloured compound of lac
with some other resin for sealing letters.
SA'-LI-ON, 7i. A large earless seal, with a mane
resembling that of the lion.
SEAM (seem), n. The suture or uniting of two
edges of cloth or other things by sewing ; the
joint or interval between the edges of boards or
planks, as in a floor or side of a ship; a vein or
stratum of metal or the like ; a scar.
SEAM, v. t. To make a seam ; to mark with a cica-
trix.
SEA'MAN (se'man), n. A sailor; a skilful mari-
ner.
SEA'MAN-SHIP, n. Skill of a good seaman.
S K A'-M ARK, n, A conspicuous object on laud that
serves to direct the mariner.
SEA'-MEW, n. A sea-fowl of the gull species.
SEAM'LESS, a. Having no seam.
SEAM'STER, n. One who sews well, or whose oc-
cupation is to sew.
SEAM'STRESS (seem'-), n. A female whose occu-
pation is sewing.
SEA
414
SEC
. &c., long. I, B, &c., short. ciBE, FAR, LAST,
SEAM'Y (seem'y), a. Full of seams ; containing
seams.
SE'ANCE (sa'ans), n. [Fr.] Session as of some
public body.
SEA-NET-TLE, n. A popular name of certain
Medusae which have the property of stinging when
touched.
SEA'-NYMPH (se'-nlmf), n. A nymph or goddess
of the sea.
SEA'-OT-TER, n. An aquatic animal of the otter
kind, highly valued for its fur.
SEA'-PlE (sc'-pl), n. A dish of paste and meat
boiled together. [sea.
SEA'-PIECE (se'-peece), n. A picture of a scene at
SEA'-PORT. TO. A harbour on the sea-coast, or a
town on such a harbour.
SEA'POY. See SEPOY.
SEAE (seer), v. t. To burn to dryness the surface
of any thing ; to cauterize ; to make callous or in-
sensible.
SEAE (seer;, o. Dry ; withered.
SEARCH (13; (serch), v. t. To examine thoroughly
in order to find something ; to explore. To search
out, to seek till found ; v. i. to seek ; to look for ;
to make search.
SEARCH, n. A seeking for something, the place of
which is unknown ; quest ; inquiry.
SEARCH'A-BLE (serch'a-bl), a. That may be
searched.
SEAECH'ER, n. One who searches or explores.
SEARCH'ING, a. Penetrating; trying; close.
SfiAECH'WAR-RANT, n. In law, a warrant issued
by a justice of the peace authorizing persons to
search houses and other places for stolen goods.
SEAE'-LOTH, n. A cloth to cover a sore; a
plaster.
SEAR'ED-NESS, n. State of being seared or hard-
ened ; insensibility.
SEA'-ElSK, n. Hazard at sea; danger of injury or
destruction by the sea.
SEA'-ROOM, n. Ample distance from land for a
ship's safety.
SE A'-SER-PE N 7 T. n. A huge animal of great length,
like a serpent, inhabiting the sea.
SEA'-SERV-lCE, n. Naval service; service in the
navy or ships of war.
SE A'-S H ELL, n. A marine shell.
SEA -SHORE, n. The margin of the land next the
sea or ocean.
SEA'-SlCK, a. Affected with nausea at sea.
SfiA'-SlCK-NESS, n. Sickness caused by the mo-
tion of a ship at sea.
SEA'-SlDE, n. The land near the sea.
SEA'SON (se'zn), n. A fit or suitable time ; a di-
vision of the year ; any time distinguished from
others.
SEA'SON (se'zn), v. t. To render palatable or to
give a relish to by the mixture of something ; to
qualify by admixture ; to temper ; to imbue ; to
prepare ; to dry.
SEA'SON, r. i. To become mature ; to grow fit for
use, as timber seasons well under cover.
SEA'SON-A-BLE (se'zn-a-bl), a. Being in good
time or in due season. SYN. Opportune ; timely.
SA'$ON-A-BLE-NESS (se'zn-), n. Fitness or op-
portuneness of time.
SE A'SON-A-BL Y, ad. In good time.
SA'$ON-ING (se'zn-), n. That which is added to
any food to give it a relish ; a drying.
SEA'SON-LESS, a. Having no proper season or
change of seasons.
SEA'-STAR, n. The star-fish, generally with five
rays; asterias.
SEAT (seet), n. That on which one sits, as a chair,
bench, &c. ; the place of sitting ; site ; situation ;
mansion ; residence ; abode.
SEAT (seet), v. t. To place on a seat ; to cause to
sit down ; to assign seats to ; to settle ; to appro-
priate seats to particular families j to put a new
Beat to.
SEATED, o. Furnished with a seat; settled;
established.
FALL, WHAT; THBBE, TBBM; MARINE, BtBD ; MOVB,
SEA'UE-CHIN, . A marine radiate animal, with
a spiny shell ; echinus.
SEA'WARD, a. Directed toward the sea.
SEA'-WEED, 7i. A marine plant used as a manure
and in the manufacture of glass.
SEA'WORN, o. Worn by service at sea.
SEA'-WOR-THY (se'wttr-thy), a. Able to en-
counter the violence of the sea; fit for a voy-
age.
SE-BA'CEOUS(-ba'shu3),a. Fat; like or partaking
of fat.
SECANT, a. Cutting; dividing in two parts.
SE'-GANT, 71. A line that cuts another; in trig.
onometry, a line from the centre of a circle to a
tangent.
SE-CEDE', u. i. To withdraw from communion,
fellowship, or association ; to separate one's self.
SE-CD'ER, n. One who secedes.
SE-CERN' (13), v. t. To secrete ; to separate.
SE-CfiRN'MENT, n. The process of secreting.
SE-CES'SION (-sgsh'un), n. Act of withdrawing,
particularly from fellowship and communion ; de-
parture.
SE-CES'SION CHtrRCH, n. A numerous body who
seceded from the prevailing party in the Established
Church of Scotland, in 1733, especially on account
of the settlement of ministers in opposition to
the judgment of the people.
' SE--GLtTDE', v. t. To separate, as from company or
society ; to shut in retirement.
SE-LU'SION (-klu'zhun), n. The act of with-
drawing 1 , as from society ; the state of being sepa-
rate or apart ; retirement ; solitude, which see.
SE-)LC'SIVE, o. That keeps separate or in retire-
ment.
SEO'OND, a. Next to the first in order of place
or time ; next in value, rank, or other quality ;
inferior.
; S'OND, n. The next to the first ; an assistant ;
one who attends another in a duel ; next in value
or rank ; the sixtieth part of a minute.
SE^'OND, P. t. To support; to aid; to forward;
to act as the maintainer.
SE'OND-A-EI-NESS, n, State cf being second-
ary.
SE'OND-A-RY, a. Coming after the first; not
primary; inferior; subordinate.
! SE^'OND-A-RY, n. A delegate or deputy.
Sfi'OND-ER, n. One who supports what another
attempts, moves, or proposes.
SE'OND-HAND, a. Not new or primary; received
from another.
SE'OND-LY, ad". In the second or next place.
S!'OND-RATE, n. The second order in size, &c. ;
a. of the second size, rank, dignity, quality, or
value.
SE'OND-SIGHT (-site), n. Power of seeing things
future, or invisible to the bodily sight ; clairvoy-
ance ; a power claimed by some of the Highlanders
of Scotland.
SE'eRE-CY, n. State of being separated or hid
from view ; concealment from the observation of
others : close privacy ; forbearance of disclosure
or discovery ; fidelity to a secret.
SE'!EET, a. Properly, separate; concealed from
the notice of others ; affording privacy ; secluded ;
not proper to be seen ; known only to God. SYN.
Concealed; private; occult; clandestine; hidden,
i which see.
' SE'-GBET, n. Something not known or discovered ;
I something studiously concealed.
! SE'RE-TA-RY, n. One who is employed by a public
body, company, or individual to write records,
&c. ; the chief officer of a department ; a bureau
with a writing-desk.
I SE'RE-TA-RY-SHIP, n. The office of secretary.
i SE-!RETE', v. t. To remove from observation or
the knowledge of others ; to produce from the
blood substances different from the blood itself
or from any of its constituents, as the various
fluids of the body ; to secern. SYN. To hide ; con-
ceal.
415
SEE
DOVB, WOLF, BQOKj BCXB, BLL ; Vi"CIOUa.
SE--GRETION (se-kre'shun), n. A separation of
animal juices; the act of secreting; the matter
secreted.
SE-dRE-Tl'TIOUS (-ttsh'us), a. Parted by animal
secretion.
SE-GRETlVE-NESS, n. In phrenology, the organ
which induces secrecy or concealment.
S'!RET-LY, ad. In a secret manner; without
the knowledge of others. SYN. Privately ; priv-
ily; latently.
SE'-eRET-NESS, TI. The state of being hid or con-
cealed ; the quality of keeping a secret.
SE'GRE-TO-HY, a. Performing secretion.
SE<3T, ?i. I/<i.ci-i.ill]), something cut off or separated ;
hence, a class or body of men, in philosophy or
religion, united together, and separated from oth-
ers, by holding a particular class of tenets ; a de-
nomination.
SE-TA'RI-AN, a. Pertaining or peculiar to a
sect.
SE-TA'RI-AN, 71. One of a sect, or one devoted
to the interest of a sect ; one of a party in
religion which has separated itself from the
established church. See HERETIC.
SE-TA 'RI-AX-I$M, n. Disposition to form sects ;
devotion to a sect.
SfiTA-RIST, 7i. A sectary; sectarian.
; A-RY, 71. A follower of a sect; a sectarian.
SEC TlLE, a. That may be cut in slices with a
knife.
I TON 'sPk'shun), n. A cutting off; part sep-
arated from the rest ; a division ; a distinct part
or portion ; the division of a chapter ; a distinct
part of a city, country, or people ; the projection
of any building, &c., supposed to be cut verti-
cally ; a tract of public land, containing 640 acres.
(U. S.)
< :'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to a section.
SE'TOR, 7i. A part of a circle comprehended be-
tween two radii and the included arc ; a mathe-
matical instrument, consisting of two graduated
rules opening by a joint, and useful in finding
the proportion between quantities of the same
kind.
S'C-LAR (sCk'yn-lar), n . A Church officer or
official, whose functions are confined to the vocal
department of the choir.
SE'0-LAR, a. Pertaining to this present world
or to tilings not spiritual or holy ; among Roman
'lies, not regular or under monastic r
astronomy, very gradual, or only noticeable after
the lapse of ages.
""-LAUT-TY, n. Worldliness ; supreme at-
tention to the things of the present life.
SE'-tr-LAR-I-ZA'Tl6N, n. The act of converting
from an ecclesiastical to a temporal use.
SE'tT-LAR-lZE, v. t. To convert from spiritual
appropriation to a secular use ; to make secular.
SEJ'C-LAR-LY, ad. In a worldly manner.
SE-e'C-LAR-NESS, n. Worldliness; a secular dis-
position ; worldly-mindedness.
ITN-DINES, n. pi. The after-birth.
SE--GRE', a. Free from fear or danger; incapa-
ble of being taken ; safe ; confident ; not distrust-
ful; careless; wanting caution.
SE-CRE', v. t. To guard effectually from danger
or from escape ; to make fast ; to save or protect ;
to make certain of payment by giving bond or
surety ; to guard effectually.
SE-CRE'LY, ad. Without danger ; without fear
or apprehension.
SE-eCRE'NES8, n. Confidence of safety ; exemp-
tion from fear ; hence, want of caution.
SE-C'RI-TY, n. Effectual defence or safety from
danger ; that which protects or guards from dan-
ger ; freedom from danger or apprehension of it ;
something given or deposited to secure some per-
formance, as of a contract, the payment of a debt,
good behaviour, &c. Securities, pi., evidences of
debt.
SE-DAN', n. A portable chair or covered vehicle
for carrying a person.
as E ; 6 as J ; s aa z ; CH as SH ; mis.
SE-DATE', a. Settled; calm; quiet; undisturbed.
SE-DATE'LY, ad. Calmly ; with composure.
SE-DATE'NESS, n. Calmness ; security ; compo-
sure ; tranquillity ; freedom from agitation.
SED'A-TIVE, a. Composing ; calming ; diminish-
ing irritative activity ; assuaging pain.
SED'A-TIVE, 7i. That which composes or allays
irritability and assuages pain.
SED'EN-TA-RY, a. Sitting much ; requiring much
sitting; passed mostly in sitting; inactive; mo-
tionless ; sin
SE-DE'RUNT, literally, they sat ; a technical term
for "a session" in the Scottish ecclesiastical
and other courts.
SEDGE, n. A narrow flag; a coarse grass.
SEDG'Y, a. Overgrown with s.
SEDT-MENT, n. The matter which subsides ; the
bottom of liquors. SYN. Settlings; lees; dregs.
SED-I-MENTA-RY, a. Pertaining to or formed by
sediment.
SE-Dl'TION (-dlsh'un), n. A factious rising of men
in opposition to law and in disturbance of the
peace. SYN. Tumult; insurrection, which see.
SE-Dl'TIOyS (se-dKsh'us), a. Pertaining or tend-
ing to sedition ; engaged in sedition ; factious.
SE-DI'TIOUS-LY (-dish'us-ly), ad. With factious
turbulence; in a manner to violate the public
peace.
SE-D1"TIOUS-NE3S, n. Quality of being sedi-
tious ; the disposition to excite popular commo-
tion in opposition to law.
SE-DCCE' (28), v. t. To lead astray by arts ; to en-
tice from the path of rectitude and duty ; to
tempt and lead to iniquity. SYN. To tempt ; con-
vert ; mislead ; deceive ; allure, which see.
SE-DCCE'MENT, n. Act of seducing; the arts
employed to seduce.
SE-DCC'ER, n. One that seduces; especially, one
that by specious arts destroys female chastity.
SE-DtJ'TION (se-duk'shun), n. Act of enticing
from virtue ; appropriately, the act or crime of en-
ticing to the surrender of chastity.
SE-DtT-G'TlVE, a. Apt or tending to seduce.
SE-Dtf'TlVE-LY, ad. In a seductive manner.
SE-DC'LI-TY, n. Great diligence; unremitting
industry.
SED'C-LOUS, o. Literally, sitting closely at an em-
ployment ; hence, steady and persevering in busi-
ness or in endeavours ; very diligent in applica-
tion. SYN. Assiduous ; industrious ; diligent.
SFSTXiT-LOUS-LY, ad. With diligent application.
SED'tJ-LOUS-NESS, n. Steady diligence.
SEE, n. The seat of jurisdiction ofa bishop orarch-
bishop ; a diocese ; a province.
SEE, v. t. [>, ;.] To perceive by
the eye ; to perceive mentally ; to understand ; to
ascertain; to take care. SYN. To behold; dis-
cern; perceive ; descry.
SEE, v. i. To have the power of sight ; to have in-
tellectual perception ; with through or into, to ex-
amine; to look.
SEED, n. The substance, animal or vegetable,
which nature provides for the reproduction of the
species ; that from which anything springs ; origi-
nal; first cause; offspring; progeny.
SEED, v. i. To produce seed.
SEED, v. t. To sow with seed.
SEEDVBCD, 71. The germ or rudiment of fruit.
SEED'-eAKE, n. A cake with aromatic seeds.
SEED'LING, n. A plant springing from a seed.
SEED'-LOBE, n. Cotyledon.
SEED'-PLAT, ") n. A nursery; a place for sowing
SEED-PLOT, <, seeds to produce plants.
-MAN, n. A man who deals in seeds.
SEED'-TIME, 71. A fit time for sowing.
SEEDT, a. Abounding with seeds; run to seed;
exhausted; miserable .looking.
SEEK, v. t. [pret. and pp. SOUGHT (sawt).] To go
in search or quest of; to look for; to endeavour
to find or gain by any means ; to solicit.
SEEK, v. i. To make search or inquiry; to en
deavour.
SEE
416
SEM
i, S, &c., long. I, S, &c., short. C!BE, FAB, Lisr,
SEEK'ING, n. The act of looking for.
SEEL, v. t. To close the eyes ; to blindfold.
SEEM, v. i. To have the aspect of, as ho seems
pleased ; to present the semblance of, as it seems
likely. SYN. To appear. To appear has reference
to a thing's being presented to our view, as the
sun appears ; to seem is connected with the idea
of semblance, and usually implies an inference of
our mind as to the probability of a thing's being
BO, as a storm seems to be coming.
SEEM'ER, n. One who has an appearance or sem-
blance.
SEEM'ING, a. Specious ; apparent, which see.
SEEM'ING, n. An appearance or show.
SEEM'ING-LY, ad. in appearance or pretence.
SEEM'ING-NESS, n. Fair appearance.
SEEM'LI-NESS, n. Comeliness; grace; beauty;
decorum.
SEEM'LY, a. Suited to the particular occasion,
purpose, or character. SYN. Becoming; fit ; suit-
able; proper; decent.
SEER, n. A person who sees; particularly, one
who sees visions ; a prophet.
SEE'SAW, n. A reciprocating motion; among
children, a balanced board or plank, on the ends
of which two persons move up and down alter-
nately ; mutual play of partners at whist in which
each alternately wins the trick ; v. i. to move one
way and the other, or up and down; to move
with a vibratory motion.
SEETHE, v. t. [pret. SEETHED, SOD; pp. SEETHED,
SODDEN.] To boil ; to decoct or prepare for food
in hot liquor.
SEETHE, v. i. To be in a state of ebullition.
SfiG'MENT, n. A part cut off from a figure ; part
of a circle contained between a chord and an arc ;
in general, a part cut off or divided.
SElD'LlTZ, n. Saline water from Seidlitz, Bo-
hemia ; a saline aperient powder.
SEG'RE-GATE, v. t. To separate from others.
SEG-RE-GA'TION, n. Separation from others.
SEG-MOID'AL, a, Resembling a segment.
SEIGN-EO'RI-AL (se-nu'ri-al), a. Pertaining to the
lord of a manor ; manorial ; invested with large
powers.
SEIGN'IOR (seen'yur), n. A title in Southern Eu-
rope equivalent to lord. Grand Seignior, the
Sultan of Turkey.
SEIGN'IOR-AGE (seen'yur-), n. A small per cent-
age paid to the government for coining bullion
into money ; copyright money paid to an author
by a publisher.
SEIGN'IOR- Y (seen'yur-y), n. A lordship; a
manor; dominion.
SEINE (seen), n. A large fishing-net.
SEIS-MOM'E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
ing shocks, particularly of earthquakes.
SEIZ'A-BLE, a. That may be seized.
SEIZE (seez), v. t. To take suddenly or by force ;
to invade suddenly ; to hold possession of by law ;
to fasten. SYN. To catch; to grasp.
SEIZ'IN (se'zin), n. Possession in deed or in law.
SEIZ'OR (seez'or), n. One who seizes.
SEIZ'CRE (seez'yur), n. Act of seizing or taking
possession; the thing taken; gripe; grasp;
catch.
SE-JU'GOUS, a. Having six pairs of leaflets.
SE'LAH, n. [Heb.] In the Psalms, supposed to
signify silence, or a pause in the musical perform-
ance of the song, or separation into paragraphs.
SEL'DOM (sSl'duin), ad. Rarely; unfrequeutly.
SE-LE-6T', v. t. To take by preference from among
others ; to choose from a number ; to pick out.
SE-LET / , a. Taken from a number by prefer-
ence; nicely chosen. SYN. Picked; choice.
SE-LE-G'TION, n. Act of choosing ; that which is
chosen.
SE-LECTTVIAN, n. A town officer in New Eng-
land to manage the concerns of the town.
SE-LECT'NESS, n. State of being well chosen.
SE-LET'OR, n. One who selects.
SEL'EN-ITE, n. Crystallized sulphate of liine.
F*LL, WHAT; THBI, TiBM; MARINE, BIRD; MOTE,
SEL-E-NOG'RA-PHY, n. A description of the sur-
face of the moon.
SELF, prcm. or a. ; pi SELVES (slvz). Self is united
to certain pronouns to express emphasis or dis-
tinction, as thou, thyself. SelJ is sometimes used
as a noun, as a man's self; same; of one's own
person.
SLF-A-BASE'MENT, n. Humiliation from shame
or guilt, or conscious inferiority.
SELF-AH-HOR'KENCE, n. Abhorrence of self.
SELF-ON-CEIT' (-kon-seef), n. A high opinion
of one's self. See EGOTISM.
SLF-DE-Nl'AL, n. The denial of personal grati-
fication ; the denial of one's self.
SfiLF-ES-TEEM', n. Good opinion of one's self. ''
SELF-EV'I-DENCE, n. Evidence or certainty re-
sulting from a proposition without proof.
SELF-EV'I-DENT, a. Evident without proof;
that produces certainty or conviction upon a
bare presentation to the mind.
SELF-EX-IST'ENCE, n. Existence by virtue of
a being's own nature, independently of any other
being or cause ; an attribute peculiar to God.
SELF-lN'TER-EST, n. Private interest ; selfish-
SELF'ISH, a. Regarding one's own interest
chiefly or solely.
SELF'ISH-LY, ad. In a selfish manner ; with un-
due self-love.
SELF'ISH-NESS, n. The exclusive regard of a
person to his own interest or happiness. See
SELF-LOVE.
SELF-LOVE' (-luv'), n. The love of one's self or
happiness. SYN. Selfishness. The term selj-lovo
is used in a two-fold sense: (1.) It denotes that
longing for good or for u'ell-being which actuates
the heart of all. (2.) It is applied to a voluntary
regard for the gratification of special desires. In
this sense it is morally good or bad according as
these desires are conformed to duty or opposed to
it. Selfishness is always voluntary and always
wrong, being that regard to our own interests,
gratification, &c., which is sought at the expense
of others.
SELF-POS-SES'SION (-pos-s5sh'un or -poz-zfsh'-
un), n. Possession of one's powers; calmness;
self-command.
SELF-RE-PROACH', n. Reproach of one's own
conscience.
SELF-RIGHT'EOUS-NESS, n. Reliance on one's
own righteousness.
SELF'-SAME. a. The very same; identical.
SELF-SUF-Fl"CIENT (-fish'ent), a. Having full
confidence in one's own powers or endowments ;
whence, haughty; overbearing.
SELF-WILL', n. Disposition to have one's own
will, or not to yield to the will or wishes of others ;
obstinacy.
SELL, v. t. [pret. and pp. S9LD.] To transfer pro
perty for a consideration in money ; to betray.
SELL, v. i. To practise selling ; to be sold.
SELL'ER, n. One who sells.
SELVEDGE, ) n. The eflge of cloth where it
SELVAGE, j is closed by complicating the
threads ; a woven border of close work.
SELVES (sSlvz), pi. of SELF.
SEM'A-PHORE, n. A telegraph by signals to the
eye.
SEM'BLANCE, n. Likeness ; appearance ; resem-
blance; show.
SE'MEN, n. [L.] Seed, particularly of animals.
SE-MES'TER, n. A period or term of six months.
SEM'I, used in compound words, signifies half.
SEM-I-AN'NO-AL (-an'yu-al), a. Half-yearly.
SEM-1-AN'NC-AL-LY, ad. Every half-year.
SEM-I-AN'NC-LAR, a. Having the figure of a half
ring or half circle; that is, half round.
SEM'I-BREVE, n. A note in music of two minims.
SEM'1-!HO-RUS, n. A short chorus, or a chorus
which is performed by a few persons.
SEM'I-CIR-eLE (sem'e-sir-kl), n. The half of a
circle.
\
417
DOVE, WOLF, BQOK ; EtLE, BULL ; VICIOUS. e as K ; G as J ; S as Z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
SEM-t-ClE'U-LAE, a. Having the form of a hal
circle.
SfiM'1-eO-LON, n. A point marked thus (;), de
noting a pause in reading or speaking of less du
ration than a colon, or double the duration of a
comma.
SEM-1-Dl-AM'E-TEE, n. The half of a diameter
distance from centre to circumference or periph
ery : radius.
SEM-f-Dl-APH'AN-OUS (-dl-afan-us), a. Half or
imperfectly transparent.
SEM-I-LU'NAR, a. Eesembling in form a haL
uioon.
SEM'I-MET-AL (-m5t-tl), n. A metal not malleable,
as bismuth, arsenic, cobalt, manganese, and oth-
ers.
BEM'1-NAL, a. Pertaining to seed; radical; rudi-
mental; original.
BEM'I-NA-EY, 7i. A place of education ; any
school, college, &c., in which youth are taught
the seeds or elements of learning ; a seed-plat.
SEM'I-NA-EY, a. Seminal ; belonging to seed.
SEM'I-NATE, v. t. To sow; to propagate.
SEM-1-NA'TION, n. Act of sowing ; in botany, the
natural dispersion of seed.
SE-MI-OL'O-GY, n. That part of medicine which
treats of the signs or symptoms of diseases.
SEM'IQUA-VEE, 11. Note of half a quaver.
SEM'1-TONE, n. Half a tone in music; the smallest
interval admitted in modern music.
SEM-I-TON'IJ, a. Consisting of half a tone.
SM'i-VO--eAL, a. Having an imperfect sound;
pertaining to a semivowel.
SEM'1-YOW-EL, 7i. A consonant sounded imper-
fectly, or with an articulation that may be pro-
longed, as f, 1, m, n, r, s.
SEM-Pl-TER'NAL (13), a. Everlasting; endless.
SEM-PI-TER'NI-TY, n. Future, endless duration.
SEMP'STEB (sem-ster), n. fern. SEMPSTBESS. One
who works with a needle or sews.
SftN'A-BY, a. Belonging to or containing six.
SEN'ATE, n. Primarily, a council of elders; an
organized assembly or body of men bearing a
chief part in govei ament ; in the United States, the
hie-her branch or upper house of Legislature.
SEN'ATE-HOUSE, n. A house in which the sen-
ate meets ; a place of public council.
SEN'A-TOE, n. The member of a senate.
SEN-A-TOBI-AL, a. Pertaining to or befitting
senators or a senate ; grave; dignified; entitled
to elect a senator.
SEN-A-TO'EI-AL-LY, ad. With dignity; in the
manner of a senate.
SEN'A-TOE-SHIP, n. The office of a senator.
SEND, v. t. [pret. and pp. SENT.] To impel or drive
by force to a distance ; to cause to go or pass
from one place to another ; to cause to be con-
veyed; to diffuse. SYJST. To throw; cast; de-
spatch.
SEND, v. i. To despatch an agent or messenger for
some purpose, as we sent to inquire.
SEND'EE, n. One who sends or transmits.
SE-N fiS'CENCE, n. A growing old ; decay by age.
SEN'ES-CHAL (s6n'e-shal), n. An officer in tin-
houses oi princes and dignitaries, who has the su-
perintendence of feasts and domestic ceremonies ;
a steward.
SE'NILE, a. Belonging to old age.
SE-NIL'I-TY, n. Old age,
SENTOR (sen'yur), a. Older in age; older in of-
fice.
SEN'IOE, 7i. One older in years or in office; one
who has superiority or precedence ; one in
the fourth year of his course in an American
college.
tfN-IOR'I-TY (sen-yoVe-ty), n. Priority of birth
or office ; superior age.
SEN'NA, n. The leaves of the Cassia, used as a
cathartic.
SEN'NIGHT (sgn'nit), n. The space of seven nights
and days ; a week.
rfEN'SATE, a. Perceived by the senses.
SEN-SATION (sen-sa'shun), n. The subjective
feeling of the mind when simply acted upon by
one of the organs of sense ; feeling awakened by
immaterial objects, as sensations of awe in tho
Divine presence ; state of excited interest, as
" the book will excite a sensation." SYN. Percep-
tion. The smell of a rose produces a sensation ;
if that smell is referred to the external object
which occasioned it, a 25erception is produced.
SENSE, n. Literally, feeling ; hence, the feelings
experienced through certain organs of the body ;
power of sensation; sensibility; sound judg-
ment ; moral perception ; meaning ; import. SYN.
Understanding; reason. Sense is the mind's
acting in the direct cognition either of material
objects or of its own mental states. Understanding
is the logical faculty, or the power of classifying,
arranging, and making deductions. .Reason is the
power of apprehending those fundamental princi-
ples which are the conditions of all real and scien-
tific knowledge, and which control the mind in
all its processes of investigation and deduction.
SENSE'LESS, o. Incapable of sensation ; contrary
to reason or sound juderment ; silly ; stupid.
SENSE'LESS-LY, ad. Without sense ; foolishly.
SENSE'LESS-NESS, n. Unreasonableness; folly;
stupidity ; absurdity.
SEN-SI-BIL'I-TY, n. Susceptibility of impres-
sions ; acuteness of perceptions ; delicacy of feel-
ing; that quality of a thing which renders it
easily affected, as the sensibility of a balance or
a thermometer.
SEN'SI-BLE, a. Capable of sensation ; sensitive ;
susceptible; delicate ; perceptible by the senses or
the mind, as sensible heat; having good sense;
easily moved or affected. SYN. Intelligent. We
call a man sensible whose conduct is governed by
sound judgment; we call one intelligent who is
quick in discriminating readily and nicely in res-
pect to difficult and important distinctions. The
sphere of the sensible man lies in practical matters ;
of the intelligc?it man, in intellectual subjects.
C EN'SI-BLE-NESS, n. Capacity of perception ;
iity ; susceptibility ; intelligence; goodsense.
- BLY, ad. Perceptibly ; with good sense.
: "1C, a. Producing sensation.
SEN'SI-TIVE, a. Having sense or feeling ; having
iicute sensibility; susceptible of organic affec-
tions from external things, as the sensitice plant ;
affecting the senses ; depending on the senses ;
feelings easily excited.
. VE-LY, ad. In a sensitive manner.
,:XSI-TlVE-NESS, 7i. The state of being sensi-
tive, or of having quick, acute sensibility.
SEN-SO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to the sensorium.
5 KN-SORI-UM, ") n. The seat of sense and percep-
J^N'SO-EY, 5 tion, supposed to be the brain ;
organ of sense.
jEN'StJ-AL (sen'shu-al), a. Pertaining to the
senses ; depending on or derived from the senses,
as sensual appetites, sensual pleasure ; carnal, not
spiritual ; devoted to the gratification of sense ;
lewd; luxurious.
SEN'Stf-AL-ISM. 7i. The doctrine that all our
ideas not only originate in sensation, but aro
transformed sensations, copies or relics of sensa-
tions; a state of subjection to sensual feelings or
appetites.
>EN'SC-AL-IST (s5n'shu-al-), n. One devoted to
sensual gratifications.
SEN-SU-AL'I-TY, ) n. Devotedness to the grati-
iEN'SO-AL-NESSj fication of the bodily appe-
tites ; free indulgence in carnal pleasures.
EN-StT-AL-I-ZA'tlON (sen-shu-al-e-za'shun), n.
The act of sensualizing ; the state of being sens-
ualized.
iZN'SCT-AL-lZE (sSn'shu-al-Ize), v. t. To make
sensual ; to debase by carnal gratifications or
pleasure.
ON'StT-AL-LY, ad. In a sensual manner.
KN'SC-OUS, a. Pertaining to sense; connected
with sensible objects. 27
SEN
I, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short.
SENTENCE, ru Literally, an expression of thought
hence, a judgment or decision of the under
standing; techinically, a judgment pronouncec
by a court or judge upon a criminal ; a de
cision that condemns ; an opinion ; an axiom
in grammar, as much of a discourse as contains
a complete sense or thought, followed by
full pause.
SEN'TENCE, v. t. To pass judgment on; to
doom ; to condemn.
SEN-TEN'TIAL (-ten'shal), a. Pertaining to a
period or sentence.
SEN-TNTI-OUS (-tSn'shus), a. Short and pithy ;
energetic ; abounding with sentences, axioms,
and maxims.
SEN-TN'TIOUS-LY, ad. In short, expressive
sentences ; with energetic brevity. [ness.
SEN-TEN'TIOUS-NESS, n. Pithiness; concise-
SEN'TIENT (sgn'shent), a. Having the faculty of
perception.
SENTIENT, n. A being or person that has the
faculty of perception.
SENTI-MENT, n. A thought prompted by feel-
ing ; a direction or tendency of thought given by
some passion or disposition of mind, as the senti-
ment of fear or of hope. SYN. Opinion ; feeling.
An opinion is an intellectual judgment in respect
to every kind of truth. Feeling describes those
affections of pleasure and pain which spring from
the exercise of our sentient and emotional
powers. Sentiment (particularly in the plural) lies
between them, denoting settled opinions or princi-
ples in regard to subjects which interest the feel-
ings strongly, and are presented more or less con-
stantly in practical life. Hence it is more appro-
priate to speak of our religious sentiments than
opinions, unless we mean to exclude all reference
to our feelings.
EEN-TI-MENT'AL, o. Abounding in sentiment.
SYN. Romantic. Sentimental usually describes
an error or excess of the sensibilities ; romantic,
of the imagination. The votary of the former
givea indulgence to his sensibilities for the mere
luxury of their excitement ; the votary of the
latter allows his imagination to rove for the plea-
sure of creating scenes of ideal enjoyment, and
gazing on the creations which he has made. One
who is sentimental is apt to be laughed at ; one
who is romantic frequently falls into error.
SEN-TI-MENT'AL-ISM, n. Affectation of exqui-
site feeling or sensibility ; sentimentality.
SEN-TI-MENiyAIi-IST, n. One who affects fine
feelings or exquisite sensibility.
SEN-TI-MENT-AL'I-TY, n. Affectation of fine
feeling or sensibility. [bility.
SEN-TI-MENT'AL-LY, ad. With feeling or sensi-
SEN'TI-NEL, n. A soldier on guard.
SENTRY, n. A sentinel; a soldier on guard;
guard; watch.
2NTRY-BOX, n.
SENTRY-BOX, n. A shelter for a sentinel.
SEP'AL, n. In botany, a distinct part of that sort
of calyx which is called the perianth.
SEP-A-RA-BlL'I-TY, \n. The quality of admit-
SP'A-RA-BLE-NESS, $ ting separation.
SEP'A-RA-BLE, a. That may be separated.
SEP'A-RATE, v. t. To part or disunite in almost
any manner things before joined, or that other-
wise would be joined, as the chaff from the
wheat ; to set apart from others for a particular
purpose. SYN. To part; disunite; sever; dis-
join ; divide ; disconnect.
SEP'A-RATE, v. i. To part ; to be disunited ; to be
disconnected ; to withdraw from each other ; to
cleave ; to open.
SEP'A-RATE, a. Divided from the rest or from
something; disunited; disconnected; uncon-
nected ; distinct ; -used of things that have or that
have not been connected.
SEP'A-RATE-LY, ad. Singly ; distinctly ; apart.
SEP'A-RATE-NESS, n. The state of being sepa-
rate.
SEP-A-RA'TION, n. The act of separating or dis-
418 SEQ
ARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THERE, TiKM ; MARINE, BlRD ; MOVE,
uniting; disjunction; the state of being separate'
disconnection ; the operation of disuniting or de-
composing substances ; chemical analysis.
SP'A-RA-TI$M, n. Disposition to separate, par-
ticularly from a church; the principles of Sepa-
ratists.
SEP'A-RA-TIST, 7i. One that withdraws from an
established church. SYN. A seceder ; a dissenter;
a schismatic.
SfiP'A-RA-TOR, n. One who disjoins.
SEP'A-RA-TO-KY, n. A chemical vessel for sepa-
rating liquors ; a surgical instrument for separat-
ing the pericranium from the cranium.
SE-PAWN', n. Meal of maize boiled in water for
food; hasty -pudding.
SE'PI-A, n. The scientific name of the cuttle-fish ;
a pigment prepared from the ink of the sepia or
cuttle-fish.
S'PI-UM, n. The porous internal shell of
sepise.
SE'POY, n. A native of India in the military ser-
vice of Europeans.
SEPT, 11. A clan, race, or family proceeding from
a common progenitor ; used in Irish history.
SEPT-ANG'GU-LAR (-ang'gu-lar), a. Having seven
angles.
SEP-TEM'BER, n. The ninth month of the year,
or the seventh month from March, which was for-
merly the first month of the year.
SEP-TEM'VIR, n.;pl. SEPTEMVIEI or SEPTEMVIBS.
One of the seven priests, in ancient Rome.
SEP-TEM'PAR-TlTE, a. Divided into seven parts.
SEPTEN-A-RY, n. The number seven; o. con-
sisting of seven.
SEP-TEN'NI-AL, a. Lasting seven years ; happen-
ing once in seven years.
3EP-TEN'N1-AL-LY, ad. Once in seven years.
SEP-TEN'TRI-ON, n. The north; northern re-
gion.
SEP-TEN'TRI-ON- AL, ) a. Northern; pertaining
SEP-TEN'TRI-ON, j to the north,
3EPTKJ, ) a. Having power to promote putrc-
SEPTI-AL,j faction.
sEP-TI-LAT'ER-AL, a. Having seven sides.
sEP-TlL'LION, n. A number expressed by a unit,
followed by 42 ciphers in Britain, and 24 in France.
3EP-TU-AG'E-NA-RY (-aj'e-na-ry), n. A person
seventy years old.
SEP-TU-AG'E-NA-RY, a. Consisting of seventy.
SEP-TU-A-GS'I-MA, n. The third Sunday before
Lent ; seventy days before Easter.
SEP-TU-A-GES'I-MAL, a. Consisting of seventy.
SEPTU-A-GINT, n. The Greek version of the Old
Testament, so called becatise it was the work of
seventy, or, rather, seventy-two interpreters.
SEFTU-A-GINT, o. Pertaining to the Septua-
gint.
SEPTUM, n.; pi. SEP'TA. [L.] A partition that se-
parates the cells of fruit or two adjacent cavities.
SfiP'TU-PLE, a. Seven-fold.
SEP'UL-HRE, n. A place in which the dead body
of a human being is interred, or a place destined
for that purpose. SYN. A grave; tomb.
SEPULCHRE, v. t. To bury; to inter; to entomb.
SE-PUL'!HKAL, a. Relating to burial, or to mo-
numents erected to the memory of the dead.
SEP'UL-TORE, n. The act of burying or of depo-
siting the dead body of a human being in the
grave. SYN. Burial; interment.
SE-QUA'CIOUS (se-kwa'shus), a. Following; at-
tendant.
SE'QUEL, n. A succeeding part ; that which fol-
lows ; consequence inferred ; event.
SE'QUENCE, n. A following or that which fol-
lows ; order of succession ; consequence ; series.
SE'QUENT, a. Following ; succeeding.
SE-QUESTER, v. t. To separate for a time ; to
take possession of some property of another ; to
put aside ; to remove.
SE-QUS'TER, v. i. To decline, as a widow, any
concern with the estate of her husband.
SE-QUES'TRA-BLE, a. That may be sequestered.
SEQ
3, WOLF, B99KJ
419
SES
, ByLL; vl"cious. -e as K ; 6 as i ; s as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
SE-QUS'TRATE, v. t. To sequester.
SE-QUES-T RATION, n. A separation or setting
apart ; the act of taking a thing from parties con-
tending for it, and intrusting it to a different per-
son ; the act of taking property from the owner
for a time, till the rents, profits, &c., satisfy a de-
mand ; the act of seizing the estate of a delin-
quent for the use of the state; separation; re-
tirement.
SE-QUES-TRA'TOR, n. One who sequesters or to
whom the keeping of sequestered property is com-
mitted, [about 9s. in value.
SE QUIN, n. A gold coin of Venice and Turkey,
SE-RAGL'IO (se-ral'yo), n. The palace of the
Turkish sultan, in which are kept the females of
the harem.
SER'APH (sfir'af), n.; pi. Sn'A-Piiiii. An angel of
the highest order.
SE-RAPH'ie (se-raf ik), a. Pertaining to a seraph ;
anselic ; sublime ; pure.
'//"HI (-fim), 11. [Heb.] pi. of SERAVII.
'Hl.NE (-feen), ") n. A keyed wind instru-
SER-A-PHl'NA (-fe'na), j ment of music with
metallic reeds.
SE-RAS'KLR, n. ' Generalissimo ; the Turkish
minister of war.
SERE, a. Dry; withered; usually written sear.
SER-E-NADE', . A musical entertainment at
night. [music.
SER-E-NADE', v. t. To entertain with nocturnal
E', a. Clear; calm; undisturbed; a title
given to several princes and magistrates in Eu-
rope, [unruffled temper.
VE'LY, ad. Calmly; quietly; coolly; with
, E'NESS, \ n. State of being serene ; clear-
SE-REN'I-TY, j ness; calmness; undisturbed
state.
SERF (13), n. One in servitude, usually attached
to the soil. STN. Slave. A slave is the absolute
property of his master, and may be sold in any
way ; a serf is usually one bound to work on a
certain estate, and thus attached to the soil.
SERF'DOM (serfdum), n. The state or condition
of serfs. ~
SERGE, n. A thin, woollen twilled stuff.
SER'('JEAN-CY (sar'jen-sy), n. The office ofa*er-
ut at law.
SER'GEANT (siir'jent), n. A non-commissioned offi-
cer ; a lawyer of high rank ; a title sometimes given
to the kin i, as sergeant-surgeon.
SER'GEANT-AT-ARMS, n. In legislative bodies, an
officer who executes the commands of the body in
preserving order and punishing offences.
SER'GE AN T-SHIP, n. The office of a sergeant.
5'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a series.
SE'RI-ALS, n. pi. Writing commenced in one num-
"ber of a periodical and continued in others.
SE-EI-A'TIM. [L.j In regular order.
SE-Ri"CEOUS (-rish'us), a. Consisting of silk;
silky.
S'RI-ES (se're-ez), n. [L.] A connected order or
succession of things ; sequence ; chain ; in matfic-
mafics, a number of terms in succession, increas-
ing or diminishing according to a certain law.
S'RI-O-'OM'ie, a. Having a mixture of serious-
ness and sport.
SE'RI-OUS, a. Grave in manner or disposition;
not gay or volatile; really intending what is
said ; in earnest ; particularly attentive t
ous concerns ; important ; weighty. fc i
lemn ; sober ; earnest ; grave, which see.
SE'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Gravely; solemnly; in ear-
n.est ; in an important degree.
SE'RI-OUS-NESS n. Gravity; serenity; earnest
attention, particularly to religious concerns.
SER'JEANT, n. Serjeant-at-law, the highest de-
gree in common law under that of judge. See
SERG
SR MON, n. A discourse on a religious subject,
vered in public by a licensed cl
)N-IZE, v. i. To preach ; to make sermons.
SERMON-lZ-ER, n. One who composes sermons.
SE-ROON', n. A bale or package in skins.
SE-ROS'I-TY, n. A fluid from the coagulated se-
rum of the blood.
SE'ROUS, a. Consisting of or like serum.
SER'PENT (13), n. The name of a class of reptiles
with extremely elongated bodies, and without
feet, and which move by means of the folds which
they form when in contact with the ground ; a
snake ; a constellation ; a subtile or malicious
person ; a wind instrument of music.
SER'PEN-TINE, a. Winding or turning oneway
and another, as a serpent ; spiral ; twisted ; re-
sembling a serpent.
SER'PEN-TINE, n. A species of magnesian rock,
usually green, with shades and spots resembling
a serpent's skin.
SER'PENT-IZE, v. i. To wind like a serpent.
SER-PIG'I-NOUS, a. Affected with serpitjo.
SER-PI'GO, n. A kind of tetter ; ring-worm.
SER'R\TE ~) T -i
V -TED, j a> - Llke a saw ; > a "= ed > notched.
SER'RA-TURE, n. An indenting in the edge like
a saw.
SE'RUM, n. The thin, transparent part of the
blood or of milk.
SER'VAL (13), ?i. An African carnivorous animal
of the cat genus.
SERVANT, n. One who serves; the correlative
of master; one wno is employed to wait on an-
other; one in subjection to another; a slave; a
bondman ; a word of civility, as your obedient
servant. SYN. Serf; menial; drudge.
SERVE, v. t. To work for and obey ; to perform
official duties to ; to act as the minister of; to
supply with food ; to obey ; to be sufficient to or
to promote, as to serve one's purpose ; to answer
the purpose of ; to treat; to requite; to apply, as
the guns were well served.
SERVE, v.i. To be a servant; to perform duties,
as in the army, navy, or any office ; to answer ; to
be sufficient for a purpose ; to suit.
SERVICE, n. In a general sense, labour of any
kind in obedience to a superior, in pursuance of
duty, or for the benefit of another ; the business,
office, attendance, duty, or condition of a servant ;
official duties of any kind, particularly military
duty j use ; purpose ; advantage conferred; pro-
fession of respect ; worship ; special official duty
of a clergyman, as funeral service; a set or num-
ber of vessels ordinarily used at table, as
of plate.
i GE-EOOK, n. A missal or prayer-book.
SKRV1CE-A-BLE, a. Useful; affording benefit.
:5EitVlCE-A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being
serviceable ; usefulness in promoting good of any
kind.
BERVlL . (.serv'il), a. Such as pertains to a ser-
vant or -live; slavish; dependent; cringing.
SRV'ILE-LY, ad. In a servile manner; with
base deference to another; slavishly; meanly;
abjectly.
SfiRV'lLE-NESS,\ n. Slavish-ness; mean submis-
SER-VlL'I-TY, j siveness; obsequiousness.
riEUV'I-TOR, n. A servant ; an adherent ; in the
University of Oxford, a student who receives aid in
part for his maintenance and learning; at Ca?)i-
bridge, a sizar.
SERVI-TOR-SHIP, n. The office of servitor.
SERVI-TCDE, n. The condition of a slave ; a state
of involuntary subjection to a master. SYN.
Slavery; bondage.
SS'A-ME, ~)n. An oily grain; a plant from
SES'A-MU JT, $ which oil is expressed.
SES-QUIP'E-DAL, a. Containing a foot and a half.
Sesqui, in composition, signifies one and a half, or
indicates the ratio of one and a half to one.
n. A rate or tax.
SES'SlLE (sCs'sil), a. Sitting close on the stem, as
a leaf.
SES'SION (sSsh'un), n. A sitting or being placed ;
the actual sitting of a court, council, or Legisla-
ture; the time, space, or term during which a
SES
420
SHA
I, S. &c , long. I, fi, &c., sTwrf.-CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
court, council, Legislature, and the like, meet for
business.
SES'SION-AL (sSsh'un-al), a. Pertaining to a ses-
sion.
SESS'-POOL, n. A reservoir or receptacle sunk in
the earth to receive the water and sediment of
drains.
SST1>ECE, n. A Eoman coin about twopence.
The sestertium was between 7 and 8.
SET, v. t. [wet, and pp. SET.] To put or place
upright or in its proper or natural position ; to
put, place, or fix in some given way or situation ;
to adapt, as words to music ; to pitcb, as a tune ;
to adorn or stud, as with jewels ; to replace as a
bone ; to make fast, as a coach in the mire ; to put
in order for use, as a razor.
fc ET, v. i. To be fixed or congealed, as the mortar
has set; to go down or below the horizon, as the
heavenly bodies ; to have a certain direction, as
the current sets to the east.
SET, n. A number of things suited to each other.
SE-TA'CEOUS (-ta'shus), a. Bristly; set with
strong hairs.
SE-TIF'EE-OUS, a. Producing bristles.
:-ET'-OFF, n. An account set against another;
any thing which serves as an equivalent ; decora-
tion, the off-set of a wall.
SK'TON, n. In surgery, a twist of hair or silk
drawn through a portion of skin for an issue.
II'TOUS', } ' In naiural history, bristly.
SET-TEE*', n. A long seat with a back.
; 'ER, n. One who sets ; a dog for game.
fcj fiTTING, n. A placing ; a falling below the hori-
zon ; the inclosure, as of gems ; a hardening, as
of plaster or cement.
: ;;T'TING-DOG, n. A setter; a dog trained to
find and start birds for sportsmen.
SETTLE (aet'tl), n. A long seat or bench with a
high back.
SET'TLE (set'tl), v. t. To place in a permanent
condition after wandering or fluctuation ; to es-
tablish or make certain ; to make close or com-
pact ; to establish by formal or legal act, as to
settle a pension on any one ; to plant with inhabi-
tants ; to fix firmly ; to compose ; to establish, as
a pastor; to adjust; to balance and pay, as ac-
counts.
SET'TLE, v. i. To fall to the bottom of liquor
spontaneously ; to fix one's habitation ; to marry ;
to become fixed after fluctuation ; to become
calm; to sink by its weight; to become more
compact ; to be established or ordained and in-
stalled as pastor ; to adjust differences or come
to an agreement.
ET'TLE-MENT, n . The act of settling or state of
being settled ; subsidence ; the act of establishing,
as a colony ; the place or colony established ; ad-
justment, as of differences, claims, or accounts ;
establishment, as of a pastor ; jointure.
SETT'LEE, n. One who settles in a new country;
a colonist.
SETTLINGS, n. pL Sediment ; lees ; dregs.
SEiy-TO, n. A close conflict of any kind.
SEVEN (53), a. Noting the sum of six and one.
SEVJBN-POIJ), a. Taken seven times.
SEVEN-NIGHT (sfin'nit), n. A week, the period
of seven days and nights. Our ancestors num-
bered the diurnal revolutions of the earth by
nights, they reckoned the annual revolutions by
winters.
SEVEN-TEEN, a. Noting the sum of ten and
seven.
:;' ::V'EN-TEEXTH, a. The seventh after the tenth.
B VENTH, a. The ordinal of seven.
b EV'ENTH, n. One part in seven ; an interval in
music.
SSVENTH-LY, ad. In the seventh place.
SJ BV'BN-TI-ETH, a. The ordinal of seventy.
^ EV.EN-TY, a. Noting seven times ten.
SEVER, v. t. To part or divide by violence; to
separate by cutting or rending ; to disjoin ; to dis-
unite ; v. i. to make a separation or distinction ; to
be parted or rent asunder.
SEVER-AL, a. Separate; many; diverse; appro-
priate ; distinct ; a few.
SE VER-AL, n. Each particular, or a small number,
separately taken ; a separate place.
SEV'EE-AL-LY, ad. Separately; distinctly.
SEV'EE-AL-TY, n. A state of separation.
SEVEB-ANCE, n. Act of separating.
SE-VEEE', a. A relative term denoting an extreme
or unpleasant degree of certain acts or qualities ;
the opposite of several different epithets, as of
mild, moderate, gentle, indulgent, lax, as severe treat-
ment, discipline, pain, cold, &c. ; sedate to an ex-
treme; exact; extreme. SYK. Eigid; rigorous;
harsh ; hard ; sharp ; strict, which see.
SE-VEEE'LY, ad. With severity ; distressingly.
SE-VEEE-NESS
SE-VEE'I-TY,
}*
Harshness; rigour; auster.
ity ; strictness.
SEW (so), v. t. To unite with needle and thread.
SEW, v. i. To practise sewing.
SEWAGE, n. The filth of sewers.
SEWER (so'er), n. One who sews.
SEW'EE (28) (su'er or su'er), n. A passage under
ground for conveying off the filth and superfluous
water of a street.
SE WEE-AGE vsu'er-aje), n. The discharging of
water, &c., by sewers, the making of a sewer.
SEX, n. The distinction between male and female ;
emphatically, womankind ; females.
SEX-A-GE-NA'RI-AN, n. A person of sixty years
of age.
SEX'A-GEN-A-EY or SEX-AG'E-NA-RY, a. De-
noting the number sixty.
SEX-A-GES'I-MA, n. The second Sunday before
Lent, so called as being about the sixtieth day
before Easter.
SEX-A-GES'I-MAL, a. Sixtieth.
SEX'ANG-GL.ED (-ang'gld), ) a. Having six an-
SKX-ANG'GU-LAE, $ gles; hexangular.
biiX-EN'NI-AL, a. Lasting six years or happen-
ing once in six years.
SKX'FID, a. Six-cleft ; divided into six parts.
SEX'LESS, a. Having no sex ; neuter.
SEXTAIN, n. A stanza of six lines.
SEX'TANT, n. The sixth of a circle ; a graduated
instrument commonly in the form of a sixth of a
circle for measuring angular distances, taking
altitudes, &c., by reflection ; a constellation.
SEX'TiLE (sSx'til), n. Aspect or position of two
planets when distant from each other sixty de-
grees.
SEX-TILL'ION, n. A number consisting of a unit
followed by 36 ciphers in Britain and 21 in France.
SEX'TON, n. An under officer of a church, who
has the care of the utensils of the church, at-
tends on the officiating clergyman, performs va-
rious duties, digs graves, &c. ; contracted from
sacristan.
SEX'TON-SHIP, n. The office of sexton.
SEX'TU-PLE, a. Six-fold.
SEX'O-AL (sek'shvi-al), a. Pertaining to sex or the
sexes ; distinguishing the sex.
SEX-Cr-AL'I-TY, a. The state of being distinguished
by sex.
SEX'O- A L-ISM, 71. The system of Linnaeus, founded
upon the characters of the organs of reproduc-
tion.
SEX'0-AL-LY, ad. In a sexual manner.
SHAB, v. i. To play mean tricks ; v. t. to reject.
SHAB'Bl-LY, ad. In a mean or ragged manner ,
raggedly ; meanly.
SilAB'BI-NESS^n. Raggedness; meanness.
SHAB'BY, a. Ragged ; mean ; paltry.
SHAB'EACK, n. The cloth, furniture, or housing of
a cavalry officer's charger.
SHACK, n. Nuts, acorns, grain, &c., fallen to the
ground, on which swine feed ; a shiftless fellow.
SHACK'LE (shak'ld), n. Stubble.
SHACKLE, v. t. To confine so as to prevent free
motion or action; to fetter; to hamper; to en-
tangle.
SI1A
421
SHA
DOVE, WOLF, B(.;yK; RULE, BULL; Vl"CIOUS.
BHACK'LSS (shakTdz), n. pi. Fetters ; handcuffs,
SHAD, n. sing, or pi. A large river-fish highly
"1 for food.
SHADE, n. Interception of light, or the obscurity
caused by such interception; that which inter-
cept? light or heat ; a screen ; degree of light ;
the soul after death, regarded by the ancients as
dimly visible to the siyht ; a very minute differ-
ence.
SHADE, v. f . To cover from light ; to shelter ; to
hide; to obscure; to produce gradation of colour.
SHAD-ES (shadz), n. pi. The lower region or place
of the dead ; hence, deep obscurity ; dark
SHAD'I-NESS, n. State of being shady.
SHADING, n. The act or process of making a
sh;i nient of shades.
SHAD'OW (shad'6), n. Shade with defined limits,
representing the form of a thing; obscurity;
shelter ; faint representation ; type.
SHAD'OW (shad'6), v. t. To shade; to represent
faintly or typically; to conceal; to protect; to
hide ; to screen.
SHAD'OW-ING, n. Gradation of light and colour.
SHAD'OW-LESS, a. H:i.viny no shadow.
SHAD'OW- Y, a. Full of shade; faintly repre-
sentative ; typical ; unreal.
SHA'DY, a. Overspread with shade ; sheltered.
SHAFT (6), n. An arrow; a missile weapon;
straight part of a column ; passage for
into a mine ; the thills of a chaise ; the handle of
a weapon ; a long axis in machinery.
SHAG, n. Rough hair-cloth ; coarse hair or nap.
SHAG, a. Hairy ; sha
. r. t. To make hairy or rough ; to deform.
SHAG'GED, \ a. Hairy ; rough with long hair or
SHAG'GY, j wool; rough; rugged.
State of Mng 3 ha ggy .
SHA-GREEN', n. A kind of leather, prepared from
the skin of horses, mules, &c., and grained.
SHAH (sha), n. A Moliammedan word signifying
kin?.
SHAKE, v. t. or v. i, [ pret. SHOOK ; pp. SHAKEN.]
To cause to move with quick vibrations ; to move
rapidly to and fro ; to make to totter or tremble j
to agitate ; to move from firmness j to cause to
waver.
SHAKE, v. i. To be agitated with vibrations ; to
tremble ; to quake ; to shiver.
SHAKE, . Vibratory motion; concussion; agi-
tation ; a shivering ; a motion of hands clasped ;
in music, a trill.
SHAK'ER, n. A person or thing that shakes ; the
name given to a sect of Christians, so called from
the agitations in dancing which characterize their
worship.
SHAK'O, n. A military cap.
SHAO^Y, a. A term applied to timber when full of
cracks or clefts.
SHALE, n. A shell ; a species of slaty or indur-
ated clay.
SHALL, an auxiliary verb, used in forming the fu-
ture tense, as I shall go. In the second and third
persons, shall implies promise, command, or de-
termination, and the simple future is formed by
will in those persons.
SHAL-LOON', n. A slight woollen stuff.
SHAL'LOP, n. A large boat with two masts.
SHAL'LOW (shal'16), a, Not deep ; shoal; not in-
tellectually deep ; superficial ; silly ; weak in in-
tellect.
SHAL'LOW (shallo), n. Any place where the wa-
ter is not deep ; a shoal ; a sand-bank.
SHAL'LOW (shallo), v. t. To make shallow.
[-Rare.]
SHAL'LOW-NESS, n. Want of depth ; want of
power to enter deeply into subjects; superficial-
ness ; emptiness.
SHA-LOTE', n. A bulbous plant resembling th
garlic.
SHA'LY, a. Partaking of the qualities of shale.
-e as K ; G as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
rill AM, 71. That which is calculated or intended to
r.iiso undue expectation, or which deceives expec-
tation ; pretence ; imposture ; trick.
SHAM, a. False; counterfeit; pretended.
SHAM, v. t. To deceive expectation; to delude
with false pretences ; to obtrude by fraud ; to
trick ; to cheat ; r. i. to make false pretences.
SHAM'BLE, v. i. To walk awkwardly, as if the
knees were weak.
SHAM'BLES (sham'blz), n. pi. A place where but-
cher's meat is sold; a flesh-market.
SHAM'BLING, n. A shuffling, awkward gait.
SHAME, n. The feeling excited by the conscious*
ness or exposure of something mean, degrading 1 ,
or injurious to reputation ; that which causes or
tends to cause shame. rirN. Reproach ; ignomi-
ny ; disgrace.
SHAME, v. t. To make ashamed ; to confound -, to
disgrace ; to mock.
SHAME'FAC^T) (-faste), a. Bashful; easily put
out of countenance ; sheepish.
SHAME'FUL, a. That brings shame or disgrace ;
injurious" to reputation; indecent. SIN. Scan-
dalous ; disgraceful ; reproachful.
SHAME'FyL-LY, ad. Disgracefully, infamously;
with indignity or indecency.
SHAME'FUL-NESS, n. Disgracefulness.
SHAME'LESS, a. Destitute of shame ; impudent.
SHAME'LESS-LY, ad. Without shame i impu-
dently ; done without shame.
SHAM E'LESS-NESS, n. Want of shame.
SHAM MY. See CHAMOIS.
SHAM-POO 7 , v. t. To rub or knead the body after
a hot bath ; to rub and cleanse the hair and beard.
SHAM-POO'ING, n. The act of rubbing or percus-
sing the body and flexing the joints after a hot
bath ; the rubbing and cleansing of the hair or
beard.
SHAM'ROCK, n. A three-leaved plant ; the wood-
sorrel; the national emblem of Ireland.
SHANK (66), n. The bone 01 the leg, or the joint
from the knee to the ankle ; long part of a tool.
SHANK BEER. See SCHENK BEEB.
SHAN'TY, ?i. A rude hut or mean dwelling.
SHAPE, v. t. [pret. CHAFED ; pp. SHAPED or SHAPEN].
To mould or make into a particular form ; to give
figure to; to form; to fashion; to adjust ; to di-
rect; to image.
SHAPE, n. External form or figure; pattern;
form.
SHAPE'LESS, o. Wanting regular form; amor-
phous.
SHAPE'LESS-NESS, n. Want of regular form.
SHAPE'LY, a. Having a regular shape; well
formed; symmetrical.
SHARD, n. Literally, something shared or broken
off ; a piece or fragment, as of a broken
the shell of an egg or of a snail ; the sheath of
the wings of insects ; a strait ; a fish.
SHARD'BORNE. a. Borne on sharded wings, like
those of a beetle.
SH ARD'ED, o. Having wings sheathed with a hard
case.
SHARE (4), n. A part or portion of a thing in
which a number are concerned in common; the
part pertaining to each individual ; the blade or
cutting iron of a plough. To go sliares, to partake j
to be equally concerned.
SHARE, v. t. To divide; to part among several;
to partake or be concerned in with others ; v. i.
to have part.
SHARE'HOLD-ER, n. One who holds a share in a
joint fund or property.
SHAR'E R, n. One who shares j a partaker.
&HARK, n. A large, voracious, cartilaginous fish
of numerous genera ; a rapacious artful fellow.
SHARK, v. i. To cheat ; to trick ; to live by shifts ;
v. t. to pick up slyly or in small quantities.
SHARK'ER, n. One that lives by sharking.
SHARP, n. In music, an acute sound ; a note arti-
ficially raised; a semitone, or the character which
directs the note to be thus elevated.
SHA
422
SHE
A, fi, &c., long. i, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ;
SHEATH'ER, n. One that sheathes.
SllEATH'ING, n. The covering of a ship's bottom,
or the materials for such covering.
SHEATH'LESS, a. Unsheathed; without a sheath.
SHEATHT (sheeth'y), a. Forming a sheath or
SHARP, a. Having a thin edge or fine point ; form-
ing an acute or very small angle, as a sharp roof;
acute of mind ; of quick or nice -perception, as a
sharp eye ; affecting an organ of sense as if by fine
points, as sharp vinegar, sharp note or tone, sharp
flash of lightning ; keen ; severe ; fierce ; painful ;
close or keen in bargaining ; biting; piercing.
SYN. Keen; acute.
SHARP, v. t. To sharpen ; to make keen ; v. i. to
grow sharp ; to play tricks in bargaining ; to act
the sharper.
SHARPEN (shar'pn), v, t. To make sharp ; to give
a keen edge to a thing ; to point ; to make acute ;
to make more eager, active, quick, acute, pungent,
keen, shrill, acid, &c.
SHA RP'E Li, n. A tricldsh feUow ; a shrewd man in
making bargains. See SWINDLER.
SHAKFLY, ad. Keenly; severely; painfully.
SHARPNESS, n. The quality of being sharp j keen-
ness; acuteness; severity.
SHABP'-SET, a. Very hungry ; eager in desire.
SHAEP-SHOOT-EB, n. A skilful marksman.
SHARP'-SIGHT-ED (-si-ted), a. Having acute
sight or discernment.
SHABP'-WlT-TED, a. Having an acute or nicely
discerning mind.
SHAS'TEE, ) n. A sacred book among the Hiu-
SHA s'TBA, 3 doos, containing the dogmas of the
reliijion of the Brahmins.
SHAT'TEE, v. t. To break in pieces ; to rend by
violence into fragments ; to rive into splinters j
to disorder; v. i. to be broken in fragments.
SHAT'TEES, TI. pi. Broken pieces ; fragments, as
to rend into shatters.
SHATTER- Y, o. Easily broken or dashed to
pieces.
SHAVE, v. i. [pret. SHAVED; pp. SHAVED, SHAVEN.]
To cut or pare off something from a surface with
an edged instrument; to pare off the surface, or
to cut off, in thin slices ; to pass or skim along
the surface ; to oppress by extortion ; to fleece.
To share a note, to purchase it at a great discount ;
[o low ph'.-asc.]
SHAVE, n. A blade with two handles for shaving
wood, called also a drawing-knife.
SHAVE'LING, n. A man shaved ; a religious.
SHAVER, n. One who shaves ; one that fleeces ;
a sharp dealer ; a boy or young man.
SHAVING, n. The act of paring the surface or
from a surface; a thin slice pared off with a
shave.
SHAW, n. A thicket or grove.
SHAWL, 7i. A large cloth used by females as a
loose covering for the neck and shoulders.
SHAWM, n. A hautboy or cornet.
SHE, pronoun personal of the feminine gender. A
substitute for the name of a female and of the
feminine gender.
SHEAF (sheef), n. ; pi. SHEAVES. A small bundle
of grain in the stalk ; any similar bundle.
SHEAF, v. t. To gather and bind into a sheaf.
SHEAL'ING, n. A Scotch hut.
SHEAR (sheer), v. t. [pret. SHEARED; pp. SHEARED
or SHORN.] To cut with shears ; generally, to cut
or separate something from the surface, as wool
from sheep or the nap from cloth ; to clip.
SHEAE'ER, n. One that shears.
SHEARS (sheerz), n. pi. A cutting instrument
with two blades and bevel edge, movable on a pin ;
other instruments consisting of two blades, the
edges of which pass each other for cutting, are
also called s7iears.
SHEAE'-STEEL, n. Steel prepared by a peculiar
process for making shears, scythes, &c.
SHEAB'-WA-TEE, n. The name of several species
of sea-birds. [bard.
SHEATH (sheeth), n. A case for covering; a scab-
SHEATHE (sheethe), v. t. To put in a case or
scabbard, as to sheathe a sword ; to inclose or cover
with a sheath; to cover or line, as to sheathe a
ship with copper ; to obtund or blunt. To sheathe
the sword, to make peace.
SHEAVE (sheev), n. The wheel on which a rope
works in a block, yard, mast, &c.
SHED, n. A slight building for shelter.
SHED, v. t. [pret. and pp. SHEU.J To pour or cause
to flow out; to let fall; to spill; to cast off; to
scatter ; v. i. to let fall its parts.
SHE D'DEE, n. One who sheds or casts off.
SHEEN, ) o. Bright ; shining ; glittering ;
SHEEN'T,] showy.
SHEEN, n. Brightness ; splendour.
SHEEP, n. sing, and pi. An animal of the genus
Ovis bearing wool, and remarkable for timidity
and harmlessness ; in contempt, a silly fellow.
SHEEP'-GT, n. A pen or inclosure for sheep.
SHEEP'-FOLI), n. A fold or pen for sheep.
SHEEP'-HOOK, n. A hook fastened to a pole by
which shepherds lay hold of the legs of sheep.
SHEEP'ISH, a. Bashful; shamefaced j timorous
to excess.
SHEEPISH-NESS, n. Bashfulness ; shameful-
ness ; excessive modesty or diffidence.
SHEEP' S'-E YE (-1), n. A sly, diffident, loving
look.
SHEEF-SHEAB-EB (-sheer-er), n. One that
shears sheep.
SHEEP-SHEAR-ING, n. Tha act or time of
shearing sheep.
SHEEP'-SKlN, n. The skin of a sheep.
SHEEP-WALK, n. Pasture for sheep.
SHEEE, a. Clear; pure; unmingled ; real.
SHEEE, ad. Clean; quite; at once.
SHEEE, v. i. In seamen's language, to deviate from
a course ; to slip or move aside.
SHEER, n. The curve or bend of a ship's deck or
sides.
SHEERS (sheerz), n. pi. An engine formed of two
or more poles to raise great weights.
SHEET, n. A large cloth used as a part of bed furni-
ture next to the body ; a piece of paper as it comes
from the manufacturer ; any thing expanded, as
a sheet of water, a sheet of metal .
SHEET'-AN-HOE (-Snk-ur), n. The chief anchor ;
chief support ; the last refuge for safety.
SHEET'ING, 7i. Cloth for sheets.
SHEETS, 7i. pi A book or pamphlet ; ropes at
the lower corners of a sail ; improperly used for
the sails themselves.
SHEIK (shake), n. One that has the care of a
mosque ; the chief of a tribe of Arabs.
SHEK'EL (shek'kl), n. [Heb.] A Jewish coin, value
about 2s. 6d. j a weight^ oz. avoir.
SHE-Kl'NAH, n. In Jewish history, the miraculous
effulgence or visible symbol of the divine glory,
which dwelt chiefly in the tabernacle and the
temple; the divine presence resting like a cloud
over the mercy-seat, between the cherubim.
SHEL'DEAKE, n. An elegant species of wild duck.
SHELF, n. ; pi. SHELVES (shelvz). A board supported
in a horizontal position to lay things on ; a sand-
bank or rock immediately under water.
SHfiLFT, o. Full of shelves or rocks and shoals.
SHELL, n. A hard covering- of certain fruits and
animals, as the shell of a nut ; superficial part ;
outer coat, as of an egg ; an instrument of music ;
the outer part of a house unfinished ; a bomb.
SHELL, v. t. To strip or break off the shell, as to
shell nuts ; to separate from the ear, as to shell
corn ; to attack with bomb-shells ; v. i. to fall off,
as a shell, crust, or exterior coat; to be disen-
gaged from the husk.
SHEL'LA. \n. The resin lac spread into thin
SHELL'-LA-e,/ plates after being melted and
strained.
SHELL'-FlSH, n. Any fish covered with a shell,
particularly a testaceous mollusk, as oysters,
clams, &c.
SHE
423
SHI
D6VE, WOLF, BQQK ; R^LE, BtfLL; Vl"CIOCS. -C as K J 6 OS J ; B as Z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
BHELL'-MAPL, n. A deposit of shells which SHINE, n. Brightness; clearness of the sun, as
have been disintegrated into a gray or white pul- rain or shine.
verulent m SHlN'ER, n. A small fresh- water fish of the min-
SHELL'-WORK, n. Work composed of shells or now kind.
adorned with them.
SHING'GLE (shlng'gl), n. A thin board, sawed or
SlIKLL'Y, a. Abounding with shells; consisting rived, for covering the roofs of buildings ; round,
of shells. | water-worn, and loose gravel and pebbles on shores
SHEL'TER, n. That which covers and protects; and coasts.
the state of being covered and protected ; protec- SHlN^'GLE, v. t. To cover with shingles, as to
tion ; a protector. ' shingle a roof.
SHELTER, v. t. To cover or protect from some- SHlN G 'GL, (shlng'glz), n. pi. A kind of tetter or
thing thai would injure or annoy; to defend; to herpes.
cover from_ notice ; r.ji. to take shelter. SHlN G 'GLING, n. The act of covering with shing-
SHELTEK-LKSS, a. Destitute of shelter or pro-
tection ; exposed without cover.
SHELTIE (sheltj), n. A small but strong horse,
so called in Scotland ; a Shetland pony.
SH KLVE, v. t. To incline ; to be sloping.
SHELTV'Y, a. Abounding with sand-banks or
rocks; shelfy.
SHE-MIT'IC, a. Pertaining to Shem, son of
Hoah, as the Shemitic languages.
SHE'OL, n. [Heb.] The place of departed spirits ;
Hades.
SHEPHERD, n. One that tends and guards
sht . i ; a rural lover.
SH MI' HERD-ESS, n. A female that has the care
of sheep.
SHEPHERD'S CROOK, n. A staff armed with a
blunt iron hook for catching sheep by the legs.
SHER'BET (13), n. A liquor, chiefly of water,
lemon-juice, and .
SHERD, n. A fragment; usually s7iar<J.
SHER'IFF, 7i. The chief officer in a county to
whom is intrusted the execution of the laws.
SHI;R IFF-AL-TY, \n. The office or jurisdiction
SHERIFF. DOM. ) of a sheriff.
SHER'RY, n. A Spanish wine, from Xeres, in
Spain.
SHEW. See SHOW.
SHEW'-BREA D, n. The twelve loaves placed every
Sabbath on the table of the sanctuary.
SHIB'BO-LETH, n. [Heb.] A word, which was
made the test to distinguish the Ephraimites
from the Gileadites (Judges, xii.) ; hence, the
criterion ol a party.
SHIELD (sheeld), n. A broad disk or piece of de-
fensive armour, held before the body as a protec-
tion against arrows, &c. ; defence ; shelter ; pro-
tection.
SHIELD (sheeld), v. t. To cover, as with a shield ;
to protect ; to defend from danger.
SHIELL'LESS, a. Destitute of a shield : defence-
less.
SH I E LING. See SHFAI.IXG.
SHIFT, v. t. To change; to alter; to transfer
from one place or position to another ; to change,
as clothes.
SHIFT, v. i. To move ; to change place or posi-
tion ; to change ; to move from one expedient to
another.
SHIFT, n. A change ; a turning from one i
another; hence, an expedient resorted to
culty ; an evasion ; in a bad sense, mean i
last resource ; a woman's under garment ; a
chemise.
SH I FT'ER, n. One that shifts or plays tricks.
SHIFT'LESS, a. Not employing proper expedi-
ents to get a living ; destitute ol expedients.
SHIFT
SHIL-LA'LY, ") n. An oaken sapling or cudgel in
SHlL-LA'LAHj Ireland.
SHlL'LING, n. A British silver coin and money of
account, equal to twelve pence, the twentieth part
of a pound.
SHIM'MER, v. i. To gleam; to glisten.
SHlN, n. The fore part of the leg above the foot.
SHINE, v.i. [pret. and pp. SHINED or SHONE.] To
emit rays cf light ; to give light steadily, as the
BunsJiines; to be bright or glossy; to be bright
figuratively ; to be conspicuous ; to exhibit anima-
tion or talent.
gles ; a covering of shingles.
SHIN'ING, n. Effusion or clearness of light.
SHIN'ING, a. Bright in a high degree ; splendid.
SYN. Brilliant ; sparkling. Shining describes
the emission of a strong light from a clear or po-
lished surface ; bnitiaut denotes a shining of great
brightness, but with gleams or flashes ; sparkling
implies a shining intensely from radiant points or
sparks by which the eye is dazzled. The same
distinctions obtain when these epithets are figu-
ratively applied. A man of shining talents i
conspicuous by possessing them; if the
upon the mind with a peculiarly striking effect, wa
call them brilliant; if his brilliancy is marked by
great vivacity and occasional intensity, he is
sparlding.
SHIVING-NESS, n. Brightness; splendour.
SHIN'Y, a. bright; luminous; glittering.
SHIP, 71. A square-rigged vessel with three com-
plete masts.
SHIP, v. t. To put on board a ship or vessel of any
kind, as to ship goods ; to transport in a snip ; to
engage to serve on board a ship, as to ship sea-
men ; to receive on board a vessel, as to ship a
sea ; to fix in its place, as to ship the tiller ; v. i.
to engage tor service on board of a ship.
SH IP'BOARD, ad. On board of a ship.
SHlP'-BOY, n. A boy that serves on board of a
ship.
SHlP'-BRO'KER, n. One who effects insurances,
sales, procures freights, &c., of ships.
SHlP'-CHAND'LER, n. One who deals in cordage,
canvas, and other furniture of a ship.
SHIP'S'-HUS-BAND, n. One who attends to the
repairs of a ship while in port and otherwise fits
her for a v< >
SHlP'-MASThlt, n. A master or captain of a
merchantman.
8HIPM ATE, ?i, A term applied to one that serves
in the same ship with another.
SHlP'MENT, n. Act of shipping; articles ship-
ped.
SHlP'-MON-EY (-mun-ny), n. In English history,
an imposition formerly charged for providing and
furnishing certain ships for the king's service.
SHlP'PER, n. One who places goods on board a
ship for transport
SHlP'PING, n. Ships in general.
SHIPSHAPE, ad. In a seaman-like manner;
hence, properly ; according to usage.
SHIP'- WORM, n. The teredo; a bivalve that
bores into the timbers and lines the inside of the
tube with calcareous matter, producing great
mischief.
SHIPWRECK (-rflc), n. The destruction of a
ship or vessel by violence; destruction.
SHIPWRECK (-rCk), v. t. To destroy a ship by
violence, as by dashing on rocks or shoals; to
be in a ship when wrecked ; to be cast ashore ; to
destroy.
SHIP WRIGHT (-rite), n. One whose occupation
is to construct ships.
SHIRE (sometimes shere, and shr in composition),
n. A county ; a territorial division under a
sheriff.
SHIRK (17), v. t. or v. i. To avoid or get off from j
to slink away.
SHIRK, n. One who seeks to avoid duty; one who
lives by shifts and tricks.
SHI
424
SHO
I. , &c., long. I, *, &c., s7u>rk CABE, FAB, LIST,
SHlRK'ING (17), n. A living by tricks.
SHlRRED, a. Having lines or cords inserted be-
tween two pieces of cloth.
SHlRT, n, A man's garment worn next the body.
SHlRT, v. t. To cover with a shirt or to change it.
SHlRT'ING, n. Cloth for shirts.
SHiST. See SCHIST.
SHlVE, n. A slice ; a piece ; a fragment of flax.
SHIVER, n. A little piece ; one fragment of many
into which any thing is broken ; a wheel ; blue
slate.
SHIVER, v. t. To break into small pieces or
r "inters ; to dash to pieces ; to cause to shake in
wind, as shiver the top-sails ; v. i. to fall into
small pieces ; to quake ; to shake, as with cold,
fear, &c. ; to be affected with a thrilling sensation
like that of chilliness.
SHlVER-ING, n. Act of dashing to pieces; a
trembling ; a shaking with cold or fear.
SHIVER- Y, a. Easily broken ; not compact.
SHOAD (shode), n. Among miners, a train of me-
tallic stone mixed with rubbish.
SHOAL (shole), n. A crowd or multitude, as 01
fishes ; a shallow ; a sand-bank or bar.
SHOAL, a. Shallow ; not deep.
SHOAL (shole), v. i. To crowd ; to assemble in
multitudes ; to become more shallow.
SHOAL'I-NESS, n. Shallowness; little depth;
the state of abounding in shoals.
SHOAL'Y, a. Abounding with shallows.
SHOAR. See SHORE.
SHOCK, n. A dashing or collision ; a sudden agi-
tation either of body or of mind ; a pile of sheaves.
SYN. Concussion. A sTiocfc is literally a violent
shake or agitation ; a concussion, (from concutio) is
a shaking of things together. A shock may affect
the body or the inind ; a concession properly af-
fects only the body, as a concussion of the brain.
8HOCK, v. t. To strike with sudden surprise or
terror ; to shake by the sudden collision of a
body ; to collect sheaves into a pile.
HOCK'I""
/ING, a. Striking, or adapted to strike with
horror. See DREADFUL.
SHOCK'ING-LY, ad. In a manner to strike with
horror or disgust ; offensively.
SHOD'DY, n. Name of woollen rags cut up arid
mixed with fresh wool, to be wrought into cheap
cloth.
SHOE (shoo), n. ; pi. SHOES (shooz). A covering or
protection for the foot of man or beast, or for the
runner of a sled; something in the form of a
shoe, or answering a purpose analogous to that of
SHOE (shoo), 0. t. [pret. and pp. SHOD.] To put on
shoes ; to cover as with a shoe.
SHOE'-BLACK, n. One that cleans and blacks
shoes.
SHOE'-BtTCK-LE (shoo'-buk-kl), n. A buckle to
fasten shoes.
SHOE'ING-HpRN, n. A horn or piece of metal
used to facilitate the entrance of the foot into a
narrow shoe ; any thing by which a transaction
is facilitated.
SHOE'MAK'ER (shoo'-), n. One who makes shoes.
SHO'ER, n. One that fits shoes to the feet.
SHOE'STRING, ) n. A string or ribbon used
SHOETJE (shoo'tl), ) for fastening a shoe *o the
foot.
SHQQK, n. A bundle of staves,
SHOOT, . t. [pret. and pp. SHOT.] To let fly and
drive with force ; to dart ; to strike with any
thing shot ; to push out ; to emit ; to pass
through swiftly ; to kill by shooting.
SHOOT, v. i. To perform the act of discharging
or sending with force ; to germinate ; to bud ; to
form by shooting, as crystals ; to be emitted; to
move with velocity ; to feel a darting pain, as my
temples sJioot.
SHOOT, n. A sprout or branch ; the act of strik-
ing, or endeavouring to strike, with a missive
weapon. [arms.
SHOOT'ES, n. One that shoots; one who fires
FALL, WHAT ; THSKB, TBRM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVB,
SHOOT'ING, n. The act of discharging fire-arms
or of sending an arrow ; sensation of a quick,
darting pain ; the practice of killing game with
fire-arms.
SHOP, n. A building for work or for retailing goods .
See STORE.
SHOP, v. i. To visit shops for buying goods, used
chiefly in the participle.
SHOP'-BOARD, n. A bench on which work is
done.
SHOP'-KEEP-ER, n. One who retails goods.
SHOP'-LIFT-ER, n. One who steals from a shop.
SHOP'-LtFT-ING, n. Theft from a shop; lar-
ceny.
SHOPMAN, n. One who serves in a shop ; a petty
trader.
SHOP'PING, n. The act of visiting shops for the
purchase of goods.
SHORE, n. A prop; a buttress; a support; coast
or land adjacent to the sea or a lake.
SHORE, v. t. To prop or support by props.
SHORE'LESS, a. Having no shore ; unlimited.
SHORE'LING, )n. The skin of a living sheep,
SHOlt'LING, ) shorn.
SHORL, n. A silicious mineral of a black colour,
usually occurring in prismatic crystals.
SHORT, a. Not long ; not extended in time ; re-
peated at short intervals, as short breath ; not
reaching the point demanded or desired, as a quan-
tity short of our expectations ; deficient ; imper-
fect; future; narrow; brittle; abrupt; pointed;
petulant; severe.
SHORT, n. A summary account.
SHORT'-BRfiATH-ED (-brgtht), a. Having short
breath or quick respiration.
SHORT'!OM-ING (-kum-ming), n. A failing of the
usual produce, quantity, or amount ; a failure of
full performance, as of duty.
SHORT'EN (53) (shor'tn), v. t. To make shorter;
to curtail : to contract or lessen ; to make paste
short or friable with butter, lard, &c. ; v. i. to be-
come short or shorter ; to contract.
SHORT'EN-ING (shor'tn-ing), n. Act of contract-
ing ; something to make paste brittle.
SHORT-HAND, n. A compendious method of
writing by substituting characters or symbols for
words ; stenography.
SHORT-LIVED, a. Not living long; being of
short continuance.
SHORT'LY, ad. Quickly; briefly; soon.
SHORT'NER, n. He or that which shortens.
SHORTNESS, n. The quality of being short in
space or time; brevity; conciseness; want of
reach or the power of retention ; imperfection.
SHORTS, n. pi. Bran and coarse part of meal.
SHORT'-SIGHT-ED (-site-;, a. Unable to see far;
not able to understand things deep or remote.
SHORT-WAIST-ED (-wast-ed), a. Having a short
waist.
SHORT-WlN D-ED, a. Affected with short breath.
SHOT, n. Act of shooting ; . a bullet, or ball, or
other missile, to be discharged from fire-arms ; a
marksman, as an excellent s7iot ; the distance to
which a shot flies, as within rifle-shot; a reckon-
ing.
SHOTE, n. A young or half-grown unfatted hog.
SHOT'-FREE, a. Free from charge ; exempted from
any share of expense ; scot-free.
SHOT-HOLE, n. A hole made by a bullet.
SHOTTEN (53), (shot'tn), a. Having cast the
spawn; shooting into angles; shot out of its
socket; dislocated.
SHOUGH (shok), n. A shaggy dog.
SHOULD (shQod), pret. of SHALL, but used as an
aux. verb. Denoting intention or duty. Set
OUGHT.
SHOULD'ER (shol'der), n. The joint that con-
nects the human arm or the fore leg of a beast
with the body.
SHOULD'ER (shol'der), v. t. To take on the
shoulder; to push or thrust with the shoul-
der.
SHO
425
SIB
D6VE, WQT,F, B09K . B^LE, BULL; VICIOUS. 6 OS K; G OS J ; S as Z ; CH US SH J THIS.
SHOULD^ R-BLADE, n. The broad bone of the
shoulder.
SHOULD'ER-KNOT (-nSt), n. An ornamental knot
of ribbon or lace worn on the shoulder.
SHOUT, v. i. To cry out in joy or triumph.
SHOUT, n. A loud exclamation of joy and tri-
umph.
SHOUT'ING, n. The act of giving a shout.
SHOVE, v. t. or v. i. To push ; to press against ;
to urge or drive forward ; to push off ; to move
in a boat or with a pole.
SH0VE, n. The act of pushing; a push.
SHOVEL (shviv'vl), n. A utensil tor throwing
earth or other loose substances.
SHOVEL (shuv'vl), v. t. To take up or throw with
a shovel.
SHOVELL-ER, n. A species of spoon-bill.
SHOW (sho), v. i. or v. i. [pret. and pp. SHOWED,
SHOWN.] To exhibit to view ; to make to see, per-
ceive, or know ; to point out ; to appear ; to have
appearance.
SHOW, n. Exhibition; appearance; ostentatious
display or parade ; hypocritical pretence.
SHOW-BREAD (slio'-brSd),) n. Twelve loaves of
SHEW'-BREAD, T bread, representing
the twelve tribes of Israel, placed weekly on the
eolden table oi' the sanctuary.
biluW'EU (sho'er), n. One who shows or exhi-
bits.
SHOWER (shou'er), n. A temporary fall of rain ;
a fall of things from the air in thick succession,
as a shower of stones or arrows ; a copious sup-
ply bestowed j liberal distribution, as a shower of
SHOWER (shou'er), v. t. or v. i. To wet with rain,
as to shower the earth ; to distribute in abund-
ance, as to shower favours; to rain in showers.
SHOWER- Y (shou'er-), a. Subject to frequent
showers.
S1I< )W'I-LY (sh5'-), ad. In a showy manner.
sHi > WI-NESS (sho'-), n. Quality of being showy;
iuess.
SHOWY (sho'-), a. Making a great show ; gaudy;
fine ; ostentatious.
Sli ItAP'NELL-SHELL, n. [From the name of the
inventor.] A kind of bomb-shell filled with pow-
der intermingled with bullets, which does great
execution when it explodes.
SHKKD, P. t. [pret. and n>. SHIJI D.] To cut into
small pieces, particularly narrow and long pieces,
leather or cloth.
SII K I!D, n. A small piece cut off; a bit.
SHKKW (31), (shru), ?i. A peevish, vexatious wo-
man.
SHREWD (shrude), a. Marked by penetration;
astute; cunning. SYN. Sagacious. S/ire
nally meant fceen, but /ault- finding or contentious.
One who is shreu-d is keen to detect errors, to
penetrate false disguises, to foresee and guard
;st the selfishness of others; sagacto
us to think oi' a inun as possessing a comprehen-
sive as well as penetrating mind, which shrewd does
not.
SHREWD'LY, ad. Cunningly ; artfully.
SHREWD'NESS (shrude'ness), n. Sly cunning;
the quality of nice discernment ; sagacity.
SHREWISH (shru'ish), o. Like a shrew ; peevish ;
cross. [oronsly.
WHREW'ISH-LY (shru'ish-), ad. Peevishly ; clam-
SHKEWISH-NES3 (shru'ish-), n. The V
of a shrew ; frowardness ; petulance ; turbulent
clamorousness.
SHREW-MOUSE, n. An insectivorous kind of
field-mouse ; the sorex.
SHRIEK (shreek), v. i. To utter a sharp, shrill
cry ; to scream, as in sudden fright, anguish, or
horror.
SHRIEK (shreek), n. A sharp, shrill cry or scream,
such as is produced by extreme anguish or sud-
den terror.
SHRIEV'AL-TY (shreev'al-ty), n. The office of
sheriff; sheriffalty.
SHRlFT, n. Confession made to a priest.
SHRILL, o. Sharp, acute, piercing sound.
SHRiLL, v. i. To utter an acute piercing sound;
v. t. to cause to make a shrill sound.
SHRlLL'NESS, n. Acuteness of sound.
SHRlL'LY, ad. Acutely, as sound; with a sharp
sound.
SHRIMP, n. A small sea crustacean, allied to the
lobster, and used as food ; a dwarf. [relics.
SHRINE, n. A case or box, as for sacred things or
SHRINK (66), v. i. [pret. and pp. SHRUNK.] To
contract spontaneously ; to become less ; to be-
come wrinkled by contraction ; to withdraw or
retire, as from danger ; to recoil, as in horror j
v. t. to cause to contract.
SHRINK, n. Contraction ; a drawing together.
SHRINK' AGE, n. Act of shrinking; a contraction
or shrinking into a less compass.
SHRIV'-EL (shrlv'vl), v. i. To contract ; to draw
or be drawn into wrinkles j v. t. to contract into
wrinkles.
SHROUD, n. A cover ; the dress of the dead ; a
winding sheet; that which covers, conceals, or
protects.
SHROUD, v. t. To cover ; to shelter ; to hide ; to
dress for the grave.
SHROUDS (shrowdz), n. pi. A range of lar-o
ropes extending from the head of a mast to the-
sides of a ship to support the masts, and to form
with the ratlines a ladder.
SHROVE'-TIDE, \n. Confession -time ; the
SHROVE'-TCES'DAY, j Tuesday before Lent.
SHRCB, v. t. To clear of shrubs.
SHR0B, n. A bush; a small woody plant; a drink
consisting of acid with sugar and spirit.
SHROB'BERY, n. A collection of shrubs ; shrubs
in general.
SHRCB'BY, a. Full of shrubs; consisting of or
resembling shrubs. [shoulders.
s v. t. To contract or draw up, as the
SHRUG, n. A drawing up of the shoulders, as in
expressing dislike, doubt, or contempt.
SHOCK, TV. A shell or covering ; a husk or pod.
SHOD'DE R, v. i. To quake ; to feel a cold tremour,
.-Dm fear, aversion, or horror; to shi
>HI D'DEK, \n. A tremour or shaking, as
SHCD'DER-ING, j with horror.
SHCF'FLE (shiiffl), v. t. or v. i. Properly, to shove
one way and another, or from one to another; to
mix by shoving, as a pack of cards ; to prevari-
cate ; to evade ; to shift off.
SHCF'FLE (shuffl), 71. A shoving or pushing; a
change of place in cards ; evasion ; a trick ; ar-
tifice.
SHOF'FLER, n. One who shuffles or evades.
SHOF'FLING, n. A throwing into contusion ; eva-
sion ; artifice ; an irregular gait.
SHON, v. t. To avoid; to escape or try to escape.
SDHNT, v. t. To turn carriages into a siding that
the main railway may be clear. .
SHOT, v. t. or v. i. [pret. and pp. SHUT.] To close ;
to bar ; to forbid entrance into ; to preclude ; to
contract ; to close itself; to be closed.
SHUTTER, n. One that shuts; that which closes
a passage or an aperture, as a window-sfrutter ; a
cover.
SHUT'TLE (shut'tly, n. A weaver's instrument to
carry the thread of the woof.
SHfJTTLE-eO< K, } n. A cork stuck with feather?
SHUTTLE-CORK, .f used to be struck by a bat-'
tie-door in play ; also the play.
SHY, a. Keeping at a distance ; avoiding familiar
intercourse ; wary ; suspicious ; coy. SYN. Coy.
SHY, v. i. To start suddenly aside, as a horse.
SHY'LY, ad. In a timid manner ; with coyness.
S H Y'N ESS, n. Fear of near approach or familiarity ;
reserve ; coyness.
SlB, a. Related by blood.
SI-BE'RI-AN, a. Relating to Siberia.
SIB'I-LANT, a. Hissing ; making a hissing sound,
S and Z are called sibilant letters j n. a letter hav-
ing a hissing sound, as s and t.
SIB
426
SIL
1, E, &c., long. I, E, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST, FAJ.L, WHAT ; THEBE, TKBM ; MABINE, BIRD j MOVE,
8IB-I-LA'TION, n. A hissing, or hissing sound.
SIB'YL, n. In ancient mythology, certain women
supposed to be endowed with a prophetic spirit.
SlB'YL-LlNE, o. Pertaining to the sibyls; utter-
ed, written, or composed by sibyls.
SIA-RUPEE, n. An East Indian coin, of the
value of 2s.
Sl!'eATE, v. t. To dry.
Sl'A-TlVE, n. That which promotes the pro-
cess of drying ; a. drying ; tending to dry.
SICE (size), n. The number six at dice.
SI-CIL'IAN, a. Relating to Sicily.
SiCK, a. Affected with nausea or with disease of
any kind; disgusted. See ILL.
SlCK'JBN (slk'kn), v. t. or v. i. To make or become
sick ; to disgust or to become disgusted.
SlCK'ISH, a. Somewhat sick; exciting disgust.
SICK'ISH-NESS, n. Quality of exciting disgust.
SlCK'LE (sik'kl), n. An instrument for reaping.
SICK'LI-NESS, n. State of being sickly ; tendency
to produce disease ; unhealthiness.
SlCK'-LlST, n. A list containing the names of the
sick.
SlCK'LY, o. Affected with disease; unhealthy;
producing sickness extensively.
SlCK'NESS, n. Disease; disorder of the body;
state of being diseased ; illness, which see.
SIC PAS'SIM [.] So every where.
SIDE, n. The broad or long part of a thing, as dis-
tinguished from the end ; hence, the part of an
animal on which the ribs are situated ; one part
of a thing as distinguished from another or cor-
responding part, as the right side ; margin ;
verge ; region ; party ; faction.
SIDE, a. Lateral ; indirect.
SIDE, v. i. To lean to one part : to adhere to.
SIDE'-BOARD, n. A piece of cabinet-work to hold
dinner utensils, &c.
SI DE'-BOX, n. A box on one side of a, theatre.
SIDE'LING, a. Sidewise ; with one side foremost ;
eloping.
SlDE'LONG, a. Lateral; oblique; a<J. laterally.
SID-ER-A'TION, w. A blasting; a slight erysip-
elas.
Sl-DE'RE-AL, ") a. Pertaining to stars. SYN. Aus-
SID'ER-AL, 3 tral ; starry.
SID-ER-O-GRAPH'I), ")a. Pertaining to sider-
SID-ER-O-GRAPH'I!-AL,j ography, or per-
formed by engraved plates of steeL
SID-ER-OG'RA-PHY, n. Art or practice of en,
graving on steel plates.
SlD'ER-O-SOPE, n. An instrument for detecting
small quantities of iron in any substance.
SlDE'-SAD-DLE, n. A saddle for females on horse-
back.
SIDES'MAN, n. An assistant to a church warden ;
a party man.
SlDE'-WALK (-wauk), n. A raised footway on the
side of a street.
SIDE'WAYS, ad. Toward one side ; inclining.
SIDE'WISE, ad. On or toward one side.
SlD'ING, 7i. The turn-out of a railway.
SI'DLE (si'dl), v. i. To go with one side first; to
lie on the side.
SIEGE (seej), n. The besetting of a place with
troops for the purpose of compelling a surrender ;
any continued endeavour to gain possession.
SI-ES'TA (se-Ss'ta), n. [It.] A short sleep taken
about the middle of the day or in the afternoon.
SIEVE (slv), n. A small utensil with bottom of
fine net-work, for separating the finer parts of any
substance from the coarser,
SIFT, v t. To separate by a sieve ; to scrutinize.
SIFT'ER, n. He or that which sifts.
SIGH (si), v. i. To express grief with deep breath-
SIGH (si), n. A deep breathing ; a long breath.
SIGH'ING (si'ing), n. The act of suffering a deep
respiration or taking a long breath.
SIGHT (site), n. Perception by the eye; open SlL'lQUE, ) 71. A
view, as the light-house is just in sight ; a show; SlL'I-QUA, f sutu
knowledge; the eye or instrument of seeing ; the I SIL'I-QUOUS, o. I
faculty of seeing ; that which directs the line of
vision, as the sight of a rifle.
SIGHT, v. t. To come in sight of, as to sight the
land.
SIGHTLESS (site'less), o. Wanting sight; offen-
sive to the eye.
SIGHT'LESS-NESS, n. Want of sight.
SIGHT'LI-NESS (slte'le-ness), n. Pleasant i
ance.
SIGHT'LY (sltelyj, ad. Pleasing to the eye;
comely ; open to view.
SIG-MOID'AL, a. Curved like the Greek a, sigma.
SIGN (sine), n. A token that indicates something
else ; an inscription on a building indicating the
name or business of the occupant ; a motion, nod,
or gesture, indicating a wish or command ; a
miracle ; twelfth part of the ecliptic ; type ; sym-
bol.
SIGN (sine), v. t. To subscribe the name, as to a
note ; to signify by the hand ; v. i. to be a sign.
SlG'NAL, n. A sign, visible or audible, to give no-
tice, or the notice given.
SlG'NAL, a. Remarkable; notable; memorable;
distinguished from what is ordinary.
SlGNAL-IZE, v. t. To make distinguished; to
make remarkable or eminent ; to make signals.
SlG'NAL-LY, ad. Eminently ; remarkably ; mem-
orably ; in a distinguished manner.
SlG'NA-TUSE, 7i. A sign or mark impressed;
sign-manual ; name written by one's self; among
printers, a letter or figure by which the sheets are
distinguished and their order designated.
SIGN'ER (si'ner), n. One who subscribes his name.
SlG'NET, n. A seal, or private seal.
SIG-NIF'I-GANCE, n. That which is signified;
power of signifying. SYN. Meaning; import;
importance ; force.
SIG-NlFT-GANT, a. Expressive of something be-
yond the external mark; full of meaning; be-
tokening something.
SIG-NlF I-ANT-LY, ad. With force or meaning.
SIG-NI-FI-!A'TION, n. Meaning by words or
signs ; act of making known by signs. SYK.
Meaning; import; sense.
SIG-NlF'I-A-TlVE, a. Showing by a sign; having
signification or meaning.
SIG-NlF'1-eA-TO-RY, a. Significative.
SlG'NI-FY, v. t. To make known by signs or
words ; to mean ; to import ; v. i. to express
meaning with force ; to mean ; to be of use.
SlGX-MAN'C-AL (sme-man'u-al), n. One's own
name written by himself, particularly a king's.
SIGN-POST, n. A post for papers to give notice.
Sl'LENCE, n. Absence of sound or noise ; forbear-
ance of speech ; oblivion ; secrecy. SYN. Still-
ness ; muteness; taciturnity.
Sl'LENCE, v. t. To restrain from noise or speak-
ing; to make silent; to still ; to appease; to pre-
vent from preaching; to put an end to. It is
used elliptically for let there be silence.
SI'LENT, a. Not speaking or making a noise;
speaking little ; having no sound, as a silent let-
ter in a word ; not acting, as a silent partner in a
commercial house. SYN. Still; dumb; taciturn,
which see, also mute.
Sl'LEX, n. A species of earth constituting flint,
quartz, &c.
SIL'HOU-ETTE (stt'oo-et), n. [JV.] A profile of an
object filled in with a black colour, in which the
lights are represented by bronze, and the shades
by gum.
SlL'I-!A, n. The scientific name for silex ; a com-
bination of slicium and oxygen.
Sl-LlC'I-FY, v. t. To convert into silex ; v. i. to be-
come silex.
SI-LI"CIOUS (-llsh'us), o. Pertaining to or par-
taking of the nature of flint.
StL'I-eON,
An elementary substance ; the
SI-LtC'I-U'M, j 'base of silica or silex.
SlL'lQUE, ) 7i. A pod with seeds fixed to both
Having the pod called silique.
SIL
427
DOVE, WOLF, B<?<?KJ R^LE, BrLL ; Vl"CIOD8. as K ; d R3 J J B &3 Z ; CH BS SHJ THIS.
The glossy filament produced by the silk- j SIM-PLI-FI-A'TION, n. Act of making simple.
To free from complexness.
SiLK, n.
worm, and cloth made of it ; ~the filiform style of ] SIMTLI-FY, v. L
the female flower of maize.
SlLK, a. Consisting of silk ; pertaining to silk.
SlLK'EN (53) (sil'kn), a. Made of silk : as of silk ;
soft ; delicate ; smooth ; dressed in silk.
SlLK'I-NESS, 11. The qualities of silk; softness
and smoothness to the feel ; effeminacy.
SI LK'- WORM (wurm), n. The caterpillar that pro-
duces silk.
SlLK'Y, o. Consisting of silk ; like silk ; soft.
SILL, n. Properly, the foundation of a thing ; the
timber on which a building rests ; the timber or
stone at the foot of a door, or on which a window-
frame stands.
SlL'LA-BUB, n. A mixture of wine or cider and
milk, thus forming a soft curd.
lL'LI-LY, ad. In a silly manner ; foolishly ; with-
out the exercise of good sense.
SlL'LI-NESS, n. Self-satisfied folly.
SlL'LY, a. Foolish in a weak or self-satisfied
manner. SYN. Simple ; stupid. One who is
is unconscious of his own ignorance, and
falls into mistakes either from a deficiency of in-
tellect or want of experience and intercourse with
mankind. One who is silly is not only weak in
intellect, but is self-satisfied with his folly, and
even mistakes it for wisdom. One who is stupid
(from like one stupefied, dull of appre-
hension, and slow to feel.
SlLT, 7i. Suit mud or salt marsh ; a calm and gra-
dual deposit of mud or fine earth from water.
SILT, v. i. To choke, fill, or obstruct with mud.
SI-LO'RI-AN, a. Pertaining to the Silures ; the
upper sub-division of the fossiliferous strata, be-
low the Devonian system.
SlL'VA, n. A collection of poems ; history of the
forest-trees of a country ; also spelled SYLVA.
SIL'VAN, a. Woody; pertaining to woods.
SlI/VER, n. A precious metal, white, hard, duc-
tile, brilliant, and in density about 10.5 ; money.
SlLTER, a. Made of silver; white or pale; of a
pale lustre ; soft, as a silver voice.
SIL'VER, v. t. To cover with a coat of silver ; to
give the colour of silver ; to make hoary, as time
has silvered his !
SlL'VER-ING, n. The art, operation, or practice
of covering the surface of any thing with silver ;
the silver thus laid on.
SlLTER-LY, ad. With the look of silver.
SlLWER-SMITII, n. One who works in silver.
SlL'VEK-Y, a. Like silver; having the lustre or
appearance of silver; coated with silver.
SlM'I-LAR, a. Like; resembling; equal.
SIM-I-LAKI-TY, n. Likeness; resemblance.
SlM'I-LAR-LY, ad. In like manner.
SIM'I-LE, n. [L.] Similitude; comparison.
Sl-MiL'I-TCDE, n. Likeness; resemblance; com-
parison.
SlM'I-LOR, n. A compound of copper and zinc, of
a golden colour.
SlM'MER, v. i. To boil gently ; to be in a state of
incipient ebullition.
SI-MO'NI-A, n. One who buys or sells prefer-
ment in the Church.
SIM-O-NI'A-AL, a. Consisting in simony.
SlM'O-NY, 71. The crime of buying and selling of
church preferment ; so called from ^imon
Sl-MOOM', n. A hot, suffocating wind in Arabia
and the neighbouring countries.
SlM'PER, v. i. To smile in a silly manner.
SlM'PER, n. A smile with an air of silliness.
SlM'PLE, n. Something not mixed or compound-
ed ; a plant or herb in medicine.
SlM'PLE, a. Single; plain; artless ; unadorned ;
not complex ; weak in intellect. [mind.
SlM'PLE-NESS, n. Artlessuess ; weakness of
SlM'PLE-TON, n. A person of weak understand-
ing ; a silly person.
SIM-PLlC'I-TY, n. The state of being unmixed ;
the state of being not complex ; singleness ; plain-
ness ; artlessness ; weakness of intellect.
SIM'PLIST, n. One skilled in simples.
SlM'PLY, ad. Without art ; only: merely.
SlM'0-LATE, v. t. To assume the appearance of
something without the reality. SYX. To feign;
counterfeit ; dissemble.
SlM'fj-LATE, a. Feigned; pretended.
SIM'C-LA-TED, a. Feiq-ned; pretended.
SIM-C-LA'TION, n. Hypocrisy; mere pretence;
the act of feiirning to be that which one is not.
Sl-MTTL >!, a. Being at the same time.
Sl-MUL-TA'NE-OUS-LY, ad. At the same time.
SlN, 7i. The voluntary transgression of the divine
law; neglect of a known rule of duty. Sec
CRIME. [duty.
SlN, v. i. To depart knowingly from a rule of
SiN'A-PISM, n. A cataplasm of mustard-seed.
SINCE, ad. or prep. Alter; from the time that;
ago ; because that.
SIN-CERE', a. True-hearted; undissembling ;
pure ; honest ; hearty, which see.
SIN-CERE'LY, ad. Truly; honestly; purely.
SIN-CERE NESS,
j
'- Honesty; frankness; tree-
dom from disguise or simula-
SIN-CR'I-TY,
tion.
SlN'CI-PUT, . The forepart of the head.
SINE, n. In geometry, a line from one end of an arc,
perpendicular to the radius, passing through the
other end of the arc.
SI'NE-CRE, n. Primarily, a benefice without the
cure of souls ; hence, any office which has revenue
without employment.
Sl'NE-eCR-IST, n. One who has a sinecure.
SI'NE DIE. [L.] Without a day assigned.
SINE QUA NON.
tion.
[L.] An indispensable condi-
SIN'EW (sln'nu),7i. A tendon; strength; muscle.
SlN'EW, v. t. To unite, as with a sinew.
SI N'EW-LESS, a. Having no strength.
isiN'EW-Y, a. Consisting of sinews; strong; mus-
cular.
SlN FUL, a. Guilty of sin; wicked; unholy.
.-LY, ad. In a sinful manner.
SIM'VL-NESS, 11. The quality of being sinful;
wickedness ; criminality.
SlNG, v. t. or v. i. [pret. SANG, Strxo ; pp. SUNG.]
To utter sweet, melodious sounds ; to make a
small, shrill sound; to relate in verse.
SlNGH, n. [A lion.] A distinctive appellation of
the military caste of the Hindoos.
SINGE, r. t. To burn the external part or surface;
to burn slightly or superficially.
SlNG'ER, n. One skilled in music, or one whose
occupation is to ^
SINGLING, n. Act of uttering musical notes.
SlNG'ING-BOOK, n. A music-book ; a book con-
taining tunes.
SING1NG-MA3-TER, . A music-master; atea-
cher of vocal music.
SlN'G'GLE (sYng'gl), a. Separate; alone; one by
itself; unmarried; particular.
SlNG'GLE (bingVD, v. t. To separate; to take from
a number; to choose one from others.
SlNG'GLE-HEART-ED (slng'gl-hart-ed), o. Hav-
ing no dupl
SlNG'GLE-NESS, n. The state of being one only
or separate from all others; simplicity; sin-
cerity ; purity oi mind.
SlNG'GLY (smg'gly), ad. Individually ; only.
SlNG'SONG, n. A term for bad singing, or for dull
uniformity of intonation in spe
SlNG'GU-LAR (smg'gu-lar), a. Single; not com-
plex ; particular ; remarkable ; eminent ; rare ;
odd; ii. particular instance.
--'ii-lar'e-tj), n. Peculi-
arity; oddness; uncomruonness of character or
form ; something curious or remarkable.
SlNG'GU-LAR-LY, ad. Peculiarly ; strangely.
SIN'IS-TER, a. Left, or in the left hand, as op-
posed to dexter or right ; evil; corrupt; dishonest;
unjust; unfair; unlucky.
SIN
428
SKI
i, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short CARE, FAR, LAST, PALL, WHT; TH^RE, TKM ; MARINE, Bino ; MOV,
SlN'IS-TRAL, a. To the left; sinistrous.
8IN-1S-TROR'SAL, a. Rising from left to right, as
a spiral line.
SlN'IS-TROUS, a. Being on the left ; wrong ; per-
SlNK (66), v. i. [pret. SANK, SUNK; pp. SUNK.] To
fall down through any medium from being of
greater specific gravity ; to settle ; to fall ; to
to decline ; to be overwhelmed ; to be
lower ; v. t. to cause to sink ; to put under water ;
to excavate downward ; to depress ; to cause to
fall ; to reduce j to cause to disappear, as a thing
by sinking.
SINK, n. A basin or drain to carry off filth j any
place of deep corruption.
SlN'LESS, Free from sin ; innocent.
SlN'LESS-LY, ad. Without sin ; innocently
SlN'LESS-NESS, n. Freedom from sin.
SlN'NE II, 7i. One guilty of sin ; a transgressor of
the divine law ; an unregenerate person.
SlN'NER, v. i. To act as a sinner.
SlN'OF-FER-ING, n. A sacrifice for sin.
SlN'TER, n. A name applied to various minerals
deposited from mineral waters, as calcareous
sinter, quartz sinter, &c.
SlN'0-ATE, v. i. To wind and turn.
SIN-U-ATION (sin-yu-S/shun), n. A winding or
bending in and out. "
SIN-U-OS'I-TY, n. The quality of winding and
turning, or of curving in and out.
SlN'0-OUS, a. Bending or winding in and out.
SI'NUS, n. [I/.] A bay of the sea; a recess in the
shore ; a cavity ; a hollow.
SIP, n. A taste, as of liquor; a small draught.
SiP, v. t. To take a little with the lips ; to drink
or imbibe in small quantities; v. i. to drink a
small quantity.
SI'PHON, n. A bent tube or pipe whose arms are
of unequal length, for drawing liquor from a ves-
sel by atmospheric pressure.
SlPH'UN-LE, n, A little siphon ; the tube that
runs through certain chambered shells, as the
nautilus.
SlR (17), n. A word of respect used in addresses
to men ; the title of a master of arts ; a title of a |
knight.
SIR'DAR, n. A Hindoo chief officer.
SlRE, n. Father ; a title of kings ; used in compo-
sition, as grand-sire ; male parent of a beast.
SIRE, v. t. To generate [used of beasts.]
SI'REN, n. A fabled goddess of ancient mythology,
who enticed men by singing, and devoured them ;
hence, an enticing woman.
SI'REN, o. Pertaining to a siren ; enticing ; fasci-
nating.
SlR'I-US, n. The great dog-star.
SlR'LQIN, n. A piece of beet from the loin.
SlR-NAME. See SURNAME.
SI-RO'O, n. A noxious south-east wind in Italy
and Sicily.
SlR'RAH, n. A term of reproach or contempt.
SlR'UP, n. The sweetened juice of fruits.
SIS'KIN, n. The greenfinch ; the aberdevine.
SlS'TER, n. A female born of the same parents ; a
female of the same society, as nuns.
SlS'TER-HQQD, n. A society of sisters, or a society
of females united in one faith.
SlS'TER-IN-LAW, n. A husband's or wife's sister.
SlS'TER-LY, o. Becoming a sister ; affectionate.
SIT, v. i. [yret. SAT; pp. SAT.] To rest on the
lower part of the body; to occupy a seat ; to
perch ; to rest ; to incubate or brood ; to hold a
session, as judges, legislators, &c.
BITE, n. A situation ; seat ; place.
SlT'TER, n. One that sits.
SITTING, n. A resting on a seat ; any one time
during which a person keeps his seat ; session.
SI'TU, [L.] In situ means, in the appropriate situa-
tion.
SIT'0-ATE, }a. Placed; standing; being in
SlT'C-A-TED, j any condition.
SIT-U-ATION, n. State or position in which a
person or thing is placed or regarded, Star. Pa
sition; ..place; condition; circumstances.
SlTZ'-BATH, n. A tub for bathing in a sitting
posture.
Sl'VA, 7i. In Hindu mythology, the third of the
triad of supreme gods, whose function is de-
struction.
SIX', a. Twice three.
SlX'FOLD, a. Taken or doubled f?ix times.
SlX'PENCE, n. A small coin ; half a shildng.
SlX'SUORE, o. Six times twenty.
SlX'TEEN, a. Noting the sum of ten and six.
SIXTEENTH, a. The ordinal of sixteen.
SIXTH, a. The ordinal of six.
SlXTH'LY, ad. In the sixth place.
SlX'TI-ETH, a. The ordinal of sixty.
SIX'TY, a. Noting the sum of six times ten.
SlZ'A-BLE, a. Of a reasonable or suitable bulk.
SI'ZAR, n. In the University of Cambridge, a stu-
dent of the rank next below a pensioner.
SIZE, n. Bulk; dimensions; a glutinous sub-
stance.
SIZE, v. i. To arrange by bulk; to prepare with
size ; to swell ; to increase the size of.
SlZ'I-NESS, n. Glutinousness ; viscousness.
SlZ'ING, n. A weak sort of glue used in manu-
factures ; size.
SlZ'Y, a. Glutinous; ropy; viscous ; tough.
SKAIN. See SKEIN.
SKATE, n. A sort of shoe, furnished with an iron,
for sliding on the ice ; a flat sea fish.
SKATE, v. i. To slide on the ice with skates.
SKAT'ER, n. One who skates on ice.
SKEIN (skane), n. A knot of thread, &c.
SKEL'E-TON, 7i. The bones of an animal in their
natural position without the flesh; the general
structure or frame of any thing ; the heads and
outline of a literary performance, as of a sermon.
SKEPTIC, 7i. One who doubts the truth and
reality of any principle, or system of principles,
or doctrines ; an infidel, which see.
SKEP'TI-AL, a. Doubting, hesitating to admit
the certainty of doctrines and principles.
SKEFTKJ-AL-LY, ad. With doubt ; in a doubtful
manner.
| SKEP'TI-CISM, n. The doctrines of skeptical
philosophers ; universal doubt ; in theology, a
doubting of the truth of revelation.
SKER'RY, n. A rocky isle.
SKETCH, n. A general representation of a thing;
an incomplete draft. SYN. Outline ; delineation.
Outline explains itself; a sketch fills up the out-
line in part, giving broad touches by which an im-
perfect idea maybe conveyed; a delineation goes
farther, carrying out the more striking features
of the picture, and going so much into detail as to
furnish a clear conception of the whole.
SKETCH, v . t. To draw the outline ; to plan.
SKETCH'Y, a. Containing only an outline.
SKEWER (28), n. A pin to fasten meat for roast-
ing.
SKEWER (sku'er), v. t. To fasten with skewers.
SKlD, n. A piece of timber used for a support or
to defend a ship's side ; a slider.
SKIFF, n. A small, light boat ; a yawl.
SKILL, n. Familiar knowledge united to readi-
ness of performance. SYN. Dexterity. Skill is
more intelligent; dexterity is more mechanical.
Skill involves superior capacity and cultivation of
the intellect; dexterity implies a greater talent
for imitation, and a sleight of hand obtained by
practice.
SKILL, v. t. To know or be knowing.
SKILLED (skttd), a. Having familiar knowledge,
with readiness and dexterity.
SKlL'LKT, n. A small kitchen vessel with along
handle.
SKIL'FUL, a. Knowing; experienced; well
versed in any art or practice.
SKI L'FUL-LY, ad. With knowledge and dexterity.
SKlL'FUL-NESS, n. The quality of possessing
skill; dexterity ; ability.
SKI
429
SLA
D6vE, WQLF, BOQK; BLE, BtxL; vl"cious. as K; 6 as j; s as z; CH as su; THIS.
, v. t. To take off the scum; to take off by
skimming, as to skim cream ; to pass near or brush
the surface slightly.
SKIM, v. i. To pass lightly ; to glide along near
the surface ; to hasten over superficially.
SKIM'MEE, n. A utensil to take off scum.
SKIM'MILK, n. Milk freed from its cream.
SK I M'MINGS, n. pi. Matter skimmed off.
SKIN, n. The natural covering of the flesh; a
hide ; the exterior coat of fruits and plants.
SKIN, v. t. or v. i. To flay; to take the skin off;
to form a skin over.
SKIN'-DEEP, o. Superficial; slight.
SKIN'FLINT, n. A very niggardly person.
SKlNK, n. Drink; a small species of lizard,
covered with scales ; the genus of lizard or sau-
rian reptiles ; Scottish, strong soup made of cows'
hams.
SKlN'LESS, a. Having no skin, or a thin one.
SKIN'NEE, n. One that skins ; one that deals in
skins.
SKIN'NY, a. Consisting of skin only; wanting
flesh.
SKIP, n. A nimble leap ; a bound.
SKIP, v. t. To pass over; to omit; to miss; v. i.
to leap lightly; to bound; to spring.
SKlP'JACK, n. An upstart; a fish.
SKlP'PEE, n. The master of a small vessel ; the
cheese maggot.
SJf lE'MISH (17), n. A slight battle or combat.
SKlE'MIdH, v. i. To fight in small parties or
slightly.
SKlR'MISH-ER, n. One that skirmishes.
SKlR'RET, n. A valuable culinary vegetable, re-
sembling in flavour the parsnip.
SKlRT (17), n. The lower or loose part of a coat or
other garment below the waist ; border.
SKlET, v. t. or v. i. To border ; to run along the
; to be on the border.
SKiET'ING-BGAKD, n. A wash-board.
SKITTISH, a. Shy j shunning familiarity ; easily
frishtened.
SKIT'TISH-LY, ad. Shyly; timidly.
SKITTISH-NESS, n. Shyness ; timidity ; fear of
approach ; aptness to fear approach ; fickleness.
HTTLES (skit'tlz), n. Nine pins.
A split sheep-skin used in binding
SKI
SKI'VEE, n.
books.
SKOLK, v. i. To lurk ; to hide ; to withdraw into
<>se place.
SKULK, n. A person who skulks ; one who avoids
duty.
SK0LL, n. The bone that encloses the brain.
SKCLL'-GAP, n. A head-piece ; a plant.
SKONK, n. A fetid animal of the weasel kind.
SKY, n.; pi. SKIES (skize). The aerial region over
our heads.
SKY'-6L-OURD (-kul-lurd), a. Azure; of a
light blue.
SKY'EY (ski'y), a. Like the sky.
SKY'-HIGH (-hi), ad. High as the sky ; very high.
SKt'-LAEK, n. A lark that mounts and sings as it
flies. [deck.
SKY'-LIGHT (skiTlte), n. A window in the roof or
SKT'-EOCK-ET, n. A species of fire-works which
ascends high, and burns as it flies.
SK Y'-SAIL (-sale) , n. A small sail sometimes set
above the royal.
SLAB, n. A thin piece of stone with plane sur-
faces ; the plauk sawed from the outside of tim-
ber.
SLAB'BER, v. i. or v. t. To slaver; to drivel; to
smear or wet with liquids let fall carelessly from
the mouth.
SLAB'BY, o. Thick ; viscous ; wet.
SLACK, a. Lax ; relaxed ; loose ; remiss ; back-
ward ; slow; ad. partially; insufliciently.
SLACK, 71. The part of a line that hangs loose ;
small coal ; coal broken in pieces.
SLACK, v. t. To loosen or relax ; v. i. to become
less tense ; to decrease in tension ; to become
more slow.
SLACK'-EN (slak^n), v. t. or v. i. To relax ; to be-
come less rigid ; to lessen rapidly ; to repress.
SLACK' J^NED (slak'knd), a. Loosened; relaxed.
SLACK' LY, ad. Loosely; negligently; remissly.
SLACK'NESS, n. A relaxed state; remissuess:
slowness.
SLACK'-WA-TER, n. The interval between the
ebb and the flow of the tide.
SLAG, 7i. The dross or recrement of metal; the
scoria of a volcano.
SLAKE, v. t. To quench ; to extinguish, as thirst ;
to mix with water and reduce to a paste, as lime.
SLAM, v. t. To drive or shut with force and noise,
as to slam a door; to beat; to win all the
tricks.
SLAM, n. A violent striking or shutting ; a win-
ning of all the tricks ; refuse of alum-works.
SLAN'DER (6), v. t. To injure by false reports.
STN. To defame ; vilify.
SLAN'DER, n. False report, maliciously uttered,
tending to injure the reputation of another ; dis-
grace; reproach. STN. Defamation; calumny;
libel.
SLAN'DER-ER, n. One who defames or injures
another by malicious reports.
SLAN'DER-OUS, a. Defamatory; injurious to re-
putation; calumnious; scandalous.
SLAN'DEE-OUS-LY, o. With slander; calumni-
ously.
SLANG, n. Low, unmeaning language; the cant
of the vulgar.
SLANT, n. An oblique reflection or gibe ; a sar-
castic remark ; a Swedish copper coin.
SLANT, v. t. To slope or turn from a direct line ;
to form obliquely.
SLANT, } a. Sloping ; inclined from a direct
SLANT'ING, j line ; oblique.
SLANT'LY, ) ad. Slopingly ; with an oblique
SLANTWISE, f hint or remark.
SLAP, v. t. To strike with the open hand or with
something flat.
SLAP, n. A blow with something flat, as with cne
open hand.
SLAP, ad. With a sudden and violent blow.
SLAPDASH, ad. All at once. [Low.]
SLAP'JACK, n. A sort of pancake ; a flap-jack.
SLASH, v. t. or v. -i. To make long cuts ; to cut
violently or at random ; to lash.
SLASH, n. A long cut or striking at random ; a
large slit in the thighs and arms of the old cos-
tumes made to show a brilliant colour through
the openings.
SLAT, 7i. A narrow piece of board or timber.
SLATE, n. An argillaceous stone readily split
into thin plates, which are used to cover build-
ings and to write on.
SLATE, v. t. To cover with slate, as to slafe a roof
SLAT'EE, 7i. One who slates buildings.
SLATING, n. The act of covering with slate? or
stone plates ; the cover thus put on.
SLATTEEN, n. A woman negligent of dress and
neatness.
SLATTEEN-LI-NESS, n. State of being slat-
ternly.
SLATTERN-LY, a. Negligent of dress and neat,
ness ; ad. awkwardly ; uesrligently.
SLATY, a. Consisting of or like slate.
SLAUGHTER (slaw'ter), n. A kiUing; great de-
struction of life by violence ; butchery-
SLAUGHTER, v. t. To make great destruction of
life ; to butcher. SYN. To kill ; slay.
SLAUGHTER-HOUSE (slaw'ter-), 71. A house for
butchering animals for market.
SLAUGHTER-MAN (slaw'-), n. One employed in
killing and butchering.
SLAVE, n. A person held in bondage or subject to
the will of another ; a drudge ; a mean person.
See SERF.
SLAVE, v. i. To labour as a slave ; to drudge.
SLAVE'-HOLD-ER, n. One who possesses slaves.
SLAVER, n. A slave ship.
SLAV'EE, n. Spittle drivelling from the mouth.
SLA
430
SLI
i, , &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, PAR, LAST,
SLAVER, v. t. or v. i. To drivel ; to besmear or to
be besmeared with saliva.
SLAVE R-ER, n. A driveUer ; an idiot.
SLAV'ER-Y, n. Bondage ; the state of a person
wholly subject to the will of another.
SLAVE'-TEADE, n. The business of buying and
selling men and women for slaves ; the inhuman
kidnapping or purchasing negroes on the western
coast of Africa, to be sold as slaves in other coun-
tries. (The trade was abolished by Act of Parlia-
ment in 1807).
SLAVISH, a. Pertaining to or such as becomes a
slave ; servile ; mean ; base ; dependent.
SLAVISH-LY, ad. In the manner of a slave or
drudge ; servilely ; meanly ; basely.
SLAVISH-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
slavish ; servility ; meaness ; drudgery.
SLA-VON'I-e, a. Pertaining to the Slavons, or an-
cient inhabitants of Eussia.
SLAW, n. Cole-slaw is sliced cabbage.
SLAY (sla), v. t. [pret. SLEW ; pp. SLAIN.! To put
to death by weapon or violence; to destroy.
SYN. To kill; slaughter; butcher.
SLAY'EE (sla'er), n. One who slays; a murderer;
an assassin; a destroyer of life.
SLEAVE, n. Silk or thread untwisted.
SLEAVE, v.t. To separate threads. See SLEY.
SLEA'ZY (slee'zy), a. Thin; flimsy; wanting firm-
ness.
SLED, n. A low frame or carriage on runners,
used for conveying heavy weights in the winter.
SLED, v. t. To convey on a sled, as to sled wood.
SLEDGE, n. A large hammer; a sled; a vehicle
moved on runners or on low wheels.
SLEEK, ad. With ease and dexterity.
SLEEK, a. Smooth ; having an even surface ;
whence, glossy.
SLEEK, v. t. To make smooth and glossy, as to
sleek the hair.
SLEEK'LY, ad. Smoothly; softly; easily.
SLEEK'NESS, n. Quality of being sleek or smooth.
SLEEP, n. A natural and periodical suspension of
the exercise of the bodily and mental powers for
the purpose of rest. SYN. Eepose; slumber;
rest.
SLEEP, v. i. [pret. and pp. SLEPT.] To rest with
the voluntary exercise of the powers of the mind
and body suspended ; to be unemployed ; to live
thoughtlessly ; to be dead ; to rest in the grave.
SLEEPEE, . One who sleeps ; a floor timber ; a
beam which supports the rails of a railway; an
animal that lies dormant in winter, as the bear.
SLEEP'I-LY, ad. Drowsily ; heavily.
SLEEPI-NESS, n. Inclination to sleep; drowsi-
ness.
SLEEPING, . The state of resting in sleep ; a.
occupied with sleep. /Sleeping partner. See DOR-
MANT.
SLEEPLESS, a. Having or giving no sleep } hav-
ing no rest ; perpetually agitated.
SLEEPLESS-NESS, n. Want of sleep.
SLEEP'Y, a. Disposed to sleep ; drowsy; tending-
to induce sleep ; somniferous ; lazy.
SLEEP'- WALK-EE, n. A somnambulist ; one who
walks in sleep.
SLEET, n. A fall of hail or snow mingled with
rain.
SLEET, v. i. To snow or hail with a mixture of
rain.
SLEET'Y, a. Bringing sleet ; consisting of sleet.
SLEEVE, n. The part of a garment that is fitted to
cover the arm, as the sleeve of a coat. To Iaug7i
in the sleeve, to laugh privately.
SLEEVE, v. t. To furnish with sleeves.
SLEEVE'LESS, a. Wanting sleeves.
SLEID (slade), v. t. To sley or prepare foi use in
the weaver's sley.
SLEIGH (sla), n. A vehicle on runners to convey
persons or goods on snow.
SLEIGH'ING <.sla'ing), n. The state of the snow
which admits of running sleighs ; the act of riding
in a sleigh.
FALL, WHAT ; TBtfiRE, T&RM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
SLEIGHT (slite), n. An artful trick; dextrous
practice.
SLEN'DER, a. Thin and long ; slight; weak.
SLEN'DER-LY, ad. With little bulk; slightly;
insufficiently.
SLEN'DEE-NESS, n. Smallness of diameter in pro-
portion to the length ; slightness ; want of bulk
or strength ; weakness ; spareness.
SLEY (sla), v. t. To part threads and arrange
them in a reed.
SLEY (sla), n. A weaver's reed.
SLICE, n. A broad, thin piece cut off; a peel or
tire-shovel ; a spatula.
SLICE, v, t. To cut off a thin piece.
SLIC'EE, n. A broad, flat knife ; a lapidary's cir-
cular saw ; one who, or that which slices.
SLIDE, v. i. or v. t. [pret. SLID ; pp. SLID, SUDDEN.]
To move along a surface by slipping; to pass
silently and gradually from one state to another ;
to practise sliding or moving on the ice ; to slip ;
to thrust by slipping.
SLIDE, n. A smooth, easy passage on something ;
the descent of a mass of earth or rock down a de-
clivity ; a place of descent for timber ; a slider.
SLID'EK, n. One who slides ; that which slides.
SLlD'ING-EULE, n. A mathematical instrument
to determine measure or quantity without com-
passes by sliding the parts one by another.
SLID. : r 'ALE, n. In the English corn-laws,
a scale lor i :-ing or lowering the duties in pro-
portion to the fall or rise of prices.
SLIGHT (slite), a. Thin; weak; trifling; super-
ficial.
SLIGHT (slite), n. Literally, light estimation of;
disregard connected with contempt.
SLIGHT (slite), v. t. To make light of; to treat
with disregard. SYN. To neglect To slight is
stronger than to neglect. We may neglect a duty
or person from inconsideration or from beiug
over-occupied in other concerns. To slight is al-
ways a positive and intentional act, resulting from
feelings of dislike or contempt.
SLIGHTLY (slite'-), ad. Superficially; in a small
degree; negligently.
SLIGHT'NESS, u. Weakness ; negligence.
SLIGHT'Y (sli'ty), a. Superficial; slight; trifling.
SLl'LY, ad. With artful or dextrous secrecy.
SLIM, a. Slender and long ; weak ; unsubstantial.
SLlME, n. A glutinous substance; soft mad;
moist earth.
SLIM'I-NESS, n. Viscousness; glutinousness.
SLlM'NESS, n. State of being slim.
SLIM7Y, a. Consisting of or abounding with slime ;
viscous ; glutinous ; clammy.
SLI'NESS, n. Dextrous artiiice to conceal any
thing; artful secrecy.
SLING, n. Kum and water sweetened; a weapon
for throwing stones; a sort of band passing
around the neck and sustaining a wounded limb ;
a rope for suspending a bale, cask, &c.
SLING-, v. t. [pret. and pp. SLUNG.] To hurl with a
sling ; to hurl ; to hang so as to swing.
SLlNG'ER, n. One who uses a sling.
SLINK, v. t. or v. i. [pret. and pp. SLTJNK.] To
sneak away meanly ; to miscarry or cast prema-
turely, as a beast.
SLIP, v. i. To slide involuntarily or suddenly ; to
err ; to steal away ; to escape insensibly ; to creep
by oversight.
SLIP, n. The act of slipping; an unintentional
slide ; a mistake ; counterfeit money ; a i
narrow piece, as of paper ; an opening between
wharfs ; a long seat in churches. [U.S.]
SLIP, P. t. To convey secretly ; to omit; to escape
from ; to let loose.
SLlP'-KNOT (-n5t), n. A knot that slips or which
is easily untied.
SLIP'PER, n. A light shoe easily slipped on; a
kind of apron for children.
SLlP'PER-I-LY, ad. In a slippery manner.
SLIPPER-I-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being slippery ; smoothness ; glibness.
SLI
431
SMA
I)6VE, WQLF, BQ<?K ; B^LE, BLL; Vf'OIOUS.
SLlP'PER-Y, a. Smooth; glib; apt to slip: mu-
: uncertain.
SLlP'SHOD, a. Wearing shoes like slippers with-
out pulling up the quarters.
SLIT, 7i. A long cut or narrow opening ; rent.
SLlT, v. t. Q>ret. ^LIT ; pp. SLIT, SLITTED.] To divide
lengthwise or into long pieces ; to cut or make a
re, as to slit the ear or tongue.
SLlTTING-MlLL, . A miU where iron bars are
slit into nail-rods, &c.
SLIVER, v. t. To split or divide into long, thin
pieces.
SLIVER, n. A long piece split or rent lengthwise,
as of wood rent off. I
SLOB'BER, v. i. To slaver; to wet with spittle
[the same as slabber] .
16), n. The fruit of the black thorn.
SLo'GAX. n. The war-cry or gathering-word of a
clan. [Scotland.]
SLOOP, n. A vessel having one mast only, and
the mainsail extended by a boom. Sloop-of-war,
a vessel of war rigged either as a ship, brig, or
schooner, and mounting from 18 to 32 guns.
SL P, v. t. To make a puddle ; to wet.
SLOP, n. Wetness by negligence ; mean liquor or
liquid food.
SLOPE, a. Inclining; slanting; declivous.
SLOPE, n. Any thing inclining downward; de-
clivity ; any oblique direction.
SLOPE, v. t. To fall off gently ; to decline ; to form
: L a slope, or declivity.
SLOPE, v. i. To take an oblique direction; to be
declivous or inclined.
SLOPE'WISE, ad. Obliquely.
SLOPING, a. Oblique; declivous; inclined.
SLOPPY, n. Wet and dirty ; plashy.
SLOPS, n. pi. Trowsers ; a loose lower garment ;
drawers ; ready-made clothes ; poor liquid food.
SLOP'-SELL'ER, n. A clothesman.
SLOP'-SHOP, n. A shop where ready-made clothes
are sold. [a deer.
SLOT, ii. An oblong opening ; a slit ; the track of
SLOTH or SLOTH, n. Slowness; sluggishness;
a slow-moving- animal in South America.
SLOTH'FUL or SLUTH'FITL, a. Idle ; lazy; sluggish.
SLOTHTUL-LY or SLUTH'FUL-LY, ad. In an
idle, sluggish manner.
SLOTHFUL-NESS or SLOTH'FIJL-NESS, n. Lazi-
ness ; sluggishness; the habit of idleness.
SLOUCH, n. A hanging down ; a clumsy fellow.
SLOUCH, v. t. To cause to hang down, as the rim
of a hat ; v. i. to hang down ; to have a downcast,
clownish look or manner.
SLOUGH (like plough), n. A deep, miry place.
SLOUGH (sluff ) , n. The cast skin of a serpent, &c. ;
u. i. to separate and come off.
SLOUGII'Y (slou'y), a. Full of sloughs ; miry.
BLOV'JSN (53) (sliiv'vn), n. A man careless of
dress and cleanliness.
SLOVEN-LI-NESS, n. Habitual neglect of dress
and cleanliness; neglect of order and neatness.
SLOVEN-LY, a. Negligent of dress and order ;
loose ; not neat ; ud. in a careless, inelegant man-
ner ; in a negligent manner.
SLOW (sl6), a. Not fast or quick; not prompt;
dull.-SYN. Tardy; dilatory. Slow is the wider
term, denoting either a want of rapid motion or
Inertness of intellect. Dilatory (from d/cro) sig-
nifies a proneness to defer, a habit of delaying
the performance of what we know must be done.
Tardy (connected with tarry) denotes the habit of
being behind hand, as tardy in making up one's
accounts.
SLOWLY (sloly), ad. Not quick; tardily; not
lily ; not promptly ; with slow progress.
SLOWNESS, n. Moderate motion ; want of speed ;
deliberation ; coolness ; caution in deci< .
SLOW'SIGHT-ED (slo'si-ted), a. Slow to discern.
SLOW-WORM, n. An innocuous reptile, resembl-
ing the viper ; blind -worm.
1JEE, v. i. To do lazily or coarsely.
SLCDGE.n. Slush; soft mud, &c ; fine floating ice.
. -e as K ; 6 as J ; 8 as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
SLUE (28) (slu), v. t. To turn about its axis : to
turn.
SLUG, n. A drone ; a kind of snail ; a piece of ino-
tal used for the charge of a gun.
SLUG'GARD, n. A person habitually lazy.
SLUG'GISH, a. Very heavy and slow; lazy; hav-
ing little motion ; inactive ; having no power to
move of itself. See INERT.
SLUG'GISH-LY, ad. Lazily ; slothfully ; heavily.
SLCG'GISH-NESS, n. Laziness; inertness; slow-
ness.
SLUICE (sluce), n. A channel and gate for regu-
lating a flow of water ; the stream of water issuing
through a flood-gate ; a source of supply.
SLUI'CY (28) (slu'cy), a. Falling, as from a sluice.
SLUM'BER, v. i. To sleep slightly; to doze ; to be
in a state of negligence, sloth, or inactivity.
SLUM'BEtt, ?i. A light or unsound sleep ; repose.
! BER-ER, 71. One who slumbers.
SLUM'BER-OUS,) a. Causing sleep; inviting
SLUM'BER- Y, jf sleep ; sleepy ; not w; :
SLUMP, v. i. To sink suddenly, as through ice or
snow into mud.
SLUNG'-SHOT, n. A ball of lead, iron, &c., about
an inch in diameter, with a string attached, used
for striking.
SLUR, v. t. To soil ; to sully ; to pass lightly ; in
music, to perform in a smooth, gliding style.
SLUR, n. Slight reproach or disgrace; a mark
connecting notes that are to be sung to the same
syllable, or made in one continued breath.
SLUSH, n. Soft mud ; snow and water ; a mixture
of grease, &c., for lubrication ; v. t. to cover with
slush.
SLUT, n. A woman who neglects dress and neat-
ness ; a slattern ; a bitch.
SLUT'TER-Y, n. Neglect of dress ; dirtiness.
SLUT'TISH, a. Negligent of dress and neatness j
disorderly.
SLUT'TISH- LY, ad. In a sluttish manner.
SLUT'TISH-NESS, n. Neglect of dress ; dirtiness.
SLY, a. Artful ; crafty ; dextrous ; marked with
artful secrecy ; secret; concealed. See CUNNING.
SLY'-BOOTS, n. A sly, cunning, or waggish per-
son.
SLY'LY, ad. With secret dexterity. See SLILY.
S, n. Craft ; cunning. See SLINESS.
SMACK, v. i. and v. t. To kiss with a loud sound j
to make a noise by the separation of the lips ; to
crack, as a whip ; to have a particular taste.
SMACK, 7i. A loud kiss; a crack ; a noise as of
the lips in tasting ; hence, taste ; a small coast-
ing or fishing vessel.
SMALL (smawl), a. Little; slender; weak; tri-
lling ; of litttle genius or ability ; containing
little of the principal quality, as small beer.
SMALL, 7i. The narrow or slender t>art of a thing.
SMALL'-ARMtS (-armz), 71. pi. Muskets, rifles,
pistols, &c.
SMALL'-RAFT, n. Small vessels.
SMALL'ISH, a. Somewhat small.
SMALL'NESS, u. The quality of being small or
little; littleness; insignificance.
SMALL-POX', n. An eruptive contagious disease.
SMALT, 7i. Blue glass of cobalt ; flint and potash.
SMART, o. Literally, pungent ; causing a keen
local pain, as a smart stroke ; brisk or lively, as a
smart skirmish ; acute, pertinent, or witty, as
a smaT-t retort ; dressed in a showy manner.
SMART, v. i. To have a keen pain ; to feel a pun-
gent pain of mind ; to bear penalties or the evil
consequences of any thing.
SMART, 71. Quick, pungent, lively pain; pungent
SMART'LY, ad. Briskly; wittily; sharply j show-
ily.
SMART'-MON-EY (-mtin'ny), n. Money paid by a
person to buy himself off from some painful situa-
tion.
SMART'NESS, n. The quality of being smart or
pungent ; briskness ; vigour ; wittiness.
SMASH, . t. To dash, to pieces ; to crush.
SMA
432
SNE
i, 1 &c., long. I, , &c., short. cinE, PAR, Lisr, FALL, WHAT ; THRE, T*RM ; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
ad. Evenly ; calmly ; gently ;
SMAT'TEE, w. Slight, superficial knowledge.
SMAT'TER, v. i. To talk superficially ; to have a
slight taste or a superficial knowledge.
SMAT'TE-EE, n. A person of superficial know-
ledge.
SMAT'TEE-ING, n. A very slight knowledge.
SMEAE (smeer^, v. t. To overspread with any
thing unctuous or adhesive ; to daub ; to soil ; to
contaminate.
SMEATH, n. A sea-fowl.
SMEG-MAT'I, a. Soapy ; partaking of soap.
SMELL, v. t. or i>. i. [pret. and pp. SHELLED or
SMELT.] To perceive By the nose ; to affect the
olfactory nerves; to have a particular tincture or
smack of any quality ; to exercise sagacity.
SMELL, n. Sense of perceiving certain qualities
of bodies by the nose ; the quality of bodies which
affects the olfactory organs. SYN. Scent ; odour.
SMELT, n. A highly-esteemed sea-fish, resembling
the trout.
SMELT, v. t. To melt, as ore, for the purpose of
separating the metal from extraneous substances.
SMELT'EE, n. One that smelts.
SMELT'EE-Y, n. A place for smelting ores.
SMEEK (13), r. i. To smile affectedly or wantonly ;
to look affectedly soft or kind.
SMEEK, n. An affected smile ; smirk.
SMEEK, a. Mice; smart.
SMlCK'EE, v. i. Tosmerk; to look amorously or
wantonly.
SMILE, v. i. To express in the features of the face
pleasure or kindness, or slight contempt by a
smile implying sarcasm or pity.
SMILE, n. A look of pleasure ; a peculiar contrac-
tion of the features, so as to express pleasure, ap-
probation, or kindness; gay or joyous appear-
ance; favour; propitiousness.
SMIL'ING-LY, ad. With a look of pleasure.
SMlECH (17), v. t. To cloud; to soil ; to daub.
SMlEK. SeeSMERK.
SMITE, v. t. [pret. SMOTE ; pp. SKIT, SMITTEN.] To
strike with violence; to kill, as by a blow or
weapon ; to blast.
SMIT'EE, n. One who smites or strikes.
SMiTH, n. Literally, a striker or smiter ; hence,
one who works in iron or other metals ; he that
makes or effects any thing ; hence, probably, the
commonness of the name.
SMlT H'ER-Y, n. The work or shop of a smith.
SMITH-SO'NI-AN, a. Pertaining to Sinithson, an
Englishman, from whom a large legacy was re-
ceived by the United States for the support of an
institution of learning.
SMITH' Y, n. The shop of a smith ; smiddy.
SMOCK, n. A chemise; a woman's under gar-
ment.
SMOCK'-FEOCK, n. A coarse linen shirt, worn
over the coat by labourers ; a blouse ; a gabar-
dine.
SMOKE, n. Visible exhalation from burniug
bodies.
SMOKE, v. t. or v. i. To hang in smoke ; to emit
smoke ; to use a pipe and tobacco, or cigar.
SMOKE'-JACK, . An engine to turn a spit.
SMOK'EE, n. One who uses tobacco in a pipe or
cigar.
SMOK'I-LY, ad. So as to be full of smoke.
SilOK'I-NESS, n. The state of being smoky.
SMOK'Y, a. Emitting smoke ; apt to smoke ; filled
with smoke or vapour resembling it ; tarnished
with smoke ; thick.
SMOUL'DEE-ING, a. Burning and smoking with-
out vent.
SMOUL'DEY, a. Burning and smoking without
vent.
SMOOTH, a. Even on the surface ; soft j not
rough ; characterized by blandness.
SMOOTH, v. t. To make smooth ; to make even
or easy ; to calm ; to allay ; to ease ; to flatter or
soften with blandishments.
SMOOTH'ING-I-EON, n. A flat iron, used by
tailors and laundresses.
SMOOTH'LY,
blandly.
SMOOTH'NESS, n. Evenness of surface ; mildness ;
; blandness of address.
OTH'EE (smuth'er), v. t. To suffocate, or de-
stroy life by exclusion of air, or by smoke or other
irrespirable substance ; to stifle ; to suppress.
SMOTH'EE (smuth'er), v. t. To be suffocated ; to
be suppressed or concealed; to smoke without
vent.
SMOTH'EE, n. A smoke ; thick dust.
SMtJG'GLE (smug'gl), v. t. To import or export
clandestinely, or without paying duties; to con-
vey privately.
SMCG'GLER, n. One who brings in goods pri-
vately and contrary to law, either contraband
goods or dutiable goods, without paying customs.
SMUT, n. Soot ; a dirty spot ; a fungus on corn ;
obscene language.
SMUT, v. t. or v. i. To mark with smut ; to con-
tract smut.
SM0TCH, v. t. To black; to daub ; to smut.
SMCT'TI-LY, ad. Dirtily ; filthily.
SMOT'TI-NESS, n. Soil from smoke; foul Ian-
TY, a. Soiled with soot ; dirty ; foul.
SNACK, n. A share ; a part ; a slight repast.
SNAFTLE (snaffl), n. A bridle with a mouth-bit
without branches.
SNAF'FLE, v. t. To bridle ; to hold or manage
with the bridle.
SNAG, n. A short or rough branch; a protuber-
ance; a knot; a jag; a tooth standing out ; the
trunk of a tree with its root at the bottom and its
top near the surface of a river so as to endanger
navigation (Western U.S.)
SNAG, v. t. To run against the branches of a
sunken tree, as in American rivers.
SNAG'GED, ") a. Full of knots or sharp points, as
SNAG'GY, y a tree or branch.
SNAIL, A slimy, slow-creeping animal.
SNAKE, n. A serpent ; a creeping animal.
SNAKE, v. t. In seamen's language, to wind a small
rope round a large one spirally.
SNAK'Y, a. Eesembling a snake ; sly ; cunning.
SNAP, v. t. or v. i. To break short ; to bite at ; to
catch ; to crack ; to utter angry words.
SNAP, n. The act of breaking suddenly ; a bite.
SNAP'-DEAG-ON, n. A plant of several species ; a
childish play.
SNAP'PISH, a. Apt to snap; sharp in reply;
peevish.
SNAP'PISH-LY, ad. Tartly ; peevishly.
SNAPPISH-NESS, n. Quality of being snappish.
SNAEE (4), n. A slip-knot; an instrument for
catching birds; any thing by which one is en-
tangled.
SNAKE, v. t. To ensnare ; to entangle.
SNAEL, v. t. To entangle ; to involve in knots ; to
complicate; v. i. to growl, as a surly dog; to
speak roughly.
SNAEL, n. Entanglement ; a knot or complication
of hair or thread; hence, a quarrel.
SNARL'ER, . One who snarls ; a surly fellow.
SNAE'Y (4), a. Entangling ; insidious.
SNATCH, v. t. To seize hastily; to catch eagerly;
v. i. to attempt to seize suddenly.
SNATCH, n. A hasty catch ; a short fit or turn.
SNATCH'EE, n. One that seizes eagerly.
SNATH, n. The handle of a scythe.
SNEAK (sneek), v. i. To creep slyly or meanly ;
to behave with meanness ; n. a sneaking fellow.
SNEAK'EE, n. One that sneaks.
SNEAK'ING, a. Mean ; servile ; crouching ; meanly
parsimonious ; niggardly.
SNAK'ING-LY, ad. Slyly ; meanly ; servilely.
SNEAK'ING-NESS,n. Niggardness.
SNEEE, v. i. To express ludicrous scorn, followed
by at. SYN. To jeer ; to scoff. The word to sneer
is, literally, to turn up the nose at, and implies to
cast contempt indirectly, or by covert expressions.
To jeer is stronger, and supposes the use of se-
SNE
433
SOO
D&VE, W<?LF, B9QK ; RtfLE, ByLL; Vl"CIOU8. -6 OS K ; 6 ES J J 8 OS Zj CH OS SH ; THIS.
vere sarcastic reflections. To scoff is stronger SNCF'FLES (smlfflz), n. Obstruction in the noso
still, implying the use of insolent mockery and
derision.
SNEER, n. An expression of ludicrous scorn by
words, looks, &c.
SNEER'ER, n. One who sneers ; a scorner.
SNEER'ING-LY, ad. With a look of contempt.
SNEEZE, v. i. To emit air forcibly and spasmodi-
cally through the noso with audible sound.
SNEEZE, n. A spasmodic and audible emission of
air through the nose.
SNEEZ'lNG, 7i. The act of ejecting air through
the nose audibly.
SNICK'ER, ) v. i. To laugh in a half suppressed
SN IG'GER, > manner ; to laugh slyly.
SNIFF, v. t. or v. i. To draw air audibly up the
nose ; n. perception by the nose.
SNIP, v. t. To cut off the end or nib ; to clip.
SNIP, n. A clip ; a single cut with scissors.
SNIPE, n. A small marsh bird, with a long bill,
esteemed as food j a dolt.
SNIP'SNAP, n. A cant word, signifying a tart dia-
logue.
SNIVEL (snKv'vl), n. The running of the nose.
SNIVEL (suYv'vl), v. i. To run at the nose; to
a a child, with snuffling or snivelling.
BNlY'ELIrER (smv'vl-er), 71. One who cries with
snivelling ; one that weeps for slight causes.
SNOB, n. A vulgar person, particularly one who
apes gentility; a journeyman shoemaker.
SNOB'BISH, a. Noting a vulgar afft
ility.
SNOOD, 71. A fillet worn by a maiden ; short hair
line to which a hook is attached.
SNORE, v. i. To breathe with a rough guttural
sound in sleep. [sleep.
SNORE, n. A breathing with a harsh noise in
SNOR'ER, n. One that snores.
SNORT (20), v. i. To force air through the nose
with noi&e. as a horse.
SNOT, n. Mucus discharged from the nose.
SNOT'TY, o. Like snot; dirty; foul; mean.
SNOUT, n. The long nose of a beast ; the nose of
a man [in contempt] ; the end of a hollow pipe.
SNOW (sno), n. Frozen vapour ; particles of water
congealed into white crystals and flakes ; a three-
masted vessel.
SNOW (sno), v. i. To fall in snow.
SNOWBALL, n. A round mass of snow pressed
; her.
- DRIFT, n. A bank of snow driven together
by the wind.
SNOW'-DROP, n. A bulbous plant, with a white
flower, often appearing while the snow is on the
ground.
SNOW-PLOUGH, n. An instrument or machine
driven before a locomotive for throwing snow
from a railway and clearing the rails.
SNOW-SHOE (sno'-shoo), TI. A frame or racket to
enable a person to walk on snow.
SNOW-WHITE, a. White as pure snow.
SNOWY, a. Full of snow ; white.
SNOOZE, v. i. To slumber ; to nap.
. v. t. or v. i. To clip or break off the end ;
hence, to check ; to reprimand ; to rebuke or
stop with a sudden sarcastic retort.
SNl'B, n. A check ; reprimand; rebuke.
..OS^D (-nozd), a. Having a short, flat
nose.
SNOFF, 71. Burning or burnt wick ; pulverized
tobacco or other powder for snuinng.
SNUFF, v. t. To take off the snuff, as of a candle ;
to draw into the nose ; to scent ; to perceive by
the nose ; v. i. to inhale air with violence or with
' ; to snort; to take offence.
i 1 BOX, n. A box to carry snuff in.
BNUFFEa, n. One who snuffs.
SN OFF An instrument to snuff candles.
SNOF'FLE (snuf'fl), v. t. To speak in the nose; to
breathe hard through the nose when obstructed.
SNOF'FLE K, n. One that snuffles or speaks through
the nose.
by mucus.
SNUG, 0. Lying close: private; concealed; con-
venient; being in good order.
SNOG, v. i. To lie close, as a child snu<js to its
mother or nurse.
i LE, v. i. To move one way and the other
to get to a close place.
SNCG'LY, ad. Closely; safely.
SNUG'iSESS, n. Closeness; neatness and good or-
der.
SO, ad. Thus ; in like manner ; therefore ; provid-
ed that ; in consequence of this or that ; so-so ;
equivalent to tolerably well.
SOAK (soke), v. t. or v. i. To steep or be steeped
in a liquid.
SOAZ'EE, TI. One that soaks in a liquid: a hard
drinker. [I
SOAL of a shoe. Sue SOLE.
SOAP (sope), n. A chemical compound of fats or
oils with potash or soda, for washing, &c.
SOAP (sope), i). t. To rub or wash over with soap.
SOAP'-BOIL-ER, n. A maker of soap.
SOAP'-STONE, u. Steatite; a magnesian mineral,
with soapy feel.
SOAPSUDS, n. pi. Water impregnated with soap.
SOAP'Y (so'py), a. Covered with or like soap;
soft and smooth ; smeared with soap.
SOAR (sore), r. i. To mount on the wing; to fly
aloft; to tower in thought or imagination.
affectation o!' SOAR (sore), TI. A towering flight.
SOAR'ING, n. The act of mounting on the wing,
or of towering in thought or mind.
SOB, v. i. To sigh or weep convulsively.
SOB, 71. A convulsive cry with tears,
SO'BER, TI. Serious ; not intoxicated ; temperate
in the use of spirituous liquors. See Git AYE.
SO'BER, v. t. To make sober or grave.
SO'HER-LY, ad. Gravely ; temperately.
SO'BER-MIND-ED, a. Having a disposition or
temper habitually sober, calm, and temperate.
SO'BER-NESS, n. Freedom from intoxication or
from heat and passion ; seriousness ; coolness.
SO-BRl'E-TY, n. Habitual temperance; state of
being sober; gravity; soberness.
SO-BR1-QUET (so-bre-ka'), n. [JPr.] A nickname.
SO/G, n. Jurisdiction of causes ; privilege.
SO5'AGE, TI. In feudal law, a tenure of lauds and
tenements by a fixed service.
SO-CIA-BlL'I-TY, n. Disposition for society ; so-
ciableuess.
SO CIA-BLE (so'sha-bl), a. Inclined to company cr
society ; conversable ; familiar.
SO'CIA-BLK-NESS, 71. Tiic quality of being sociable;
disposition to converse.
SO'CIA-ULY, ad. In a sociable manner, convers-
ably ; familiarly.
SO'GIAL (so'shal), o. Pertaining to society ; dis-
posed to society; familiar in conversation.
SO/CIAL-ISM, n. A social state in which there
is a community of property among all the citi-
zens ; the science which treats of the proper con-
struction of society.
SO'CIAL-IST (so'shal-ist) , n. An advocate of social-
ism.
SO'CIAL-IZE (so'shal -ize), v. t. To reduce to a so-
cial state.
SO'CIAL-LY, ad. In a social manner.
SO-CI'E-TY, TI. The union of a number of rational
beings ; any number of persons associated for a
particular purpose ; company ; partnership ; per-
sons living socially in the same neighbourhood ;
a coterie ; emphatically, polite society.
SO-ClN'I-AN, n. One who holds the tenets of So-
cinus, who denied the divine nature and atone-
ment of Christ.
SO-ClN'I-AN-ISM, n. The tenets of Socinians.
SOCK, n. The hoe of the ancient actors of come-
dy ; cover for the foot ; a plough-share.
SOCK'ET, n. A hollow place for a candle; any
soc
434
SOL
Ij 2, &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
hollow place which receives and holds something
else, as the socket of the eye.
SO-RAT"K), a. Pertaining to Socrates; consist-
ing of interrogatories.
SO-RAT'I-AL-LY, ad. In the Socratic method,
or by a series of questions leading to the point to
be proved.
SOe'EA-TISM, n. Philosophy of Socrates.
SOD, n. Earth with the imbedded roots of grass.
SYN. Turf; clod; surface; sward.
SOD, v. t To cover with turf or sod.
SOD, o. Made or consisting of sod.
SO'DA, n. The protoxide of the metal sodium, for-
merly called mineral alkali; carbonate of soda.
SO-DAL'I-TT, n. Society; fellowship.
SO'DA-WA-TER, n. A very weak solution of soda
in water,' charged with carbonic acid.
SOD'DT, a. Turfy ; consisting of sod.
SOD'EE, v. t. To unite metals by means of another
metal or alloy in a state of fusion ; solder.
SOD'EE, 7i. A metal or alloy for uniting other less
fusible metals by fusion ; solder.
SO'DI-UM, 71. The metallic base of soda.
SOD'OM-ITE, n. One guilty of sodomy; an inha-
bitant of Sodom.
SOD'OM-Y, ii. A crime against nature.
SOTA, n. A long seat stuffed or cushioned.
SO'PETT, n. A small sofa.
SOF'FIT, n. A timber ceiling of cross-beams.
SO'FI or SOTHl, n. A religious person among the
Mahometans ; a dervise.
SO'FISM, 7i. The mystical doctrines of the Mo-
hammedan priests.
SOFT (20), ad. Softly ; gently ; quietly.
SOFT, a. Easily yielding to pressure; gentle;
easy ; effeminate ; delicate ; impressible ; undis-
turbed ; mild to the eye ; not glaring ; mild ;
warm; timorous; tender; kind.
SOFT'-EN (53) (sof'fn), v. t. or v. i. To make or
become soft ; to mitigate.
WDFT'LY, ad. Without hardness or noise; ten-
derly ; silently ; gently ; slowly.
SOFT'NEll, n. He or that which softens.
SOFT'NESS, 7i. Quality of being soft ; mildness ;
effeminacy; pusillanimity; smoothness to the
ear ; gentleness ; simplicity.
SOG'GY, a. Wet and soft ; full of water.
SO-HO', excla. A word used in calling.
SOI' DI-S^^T'(soi'de-zan'). [IV.] Self-styled.
SOIL, v. t. To make dirty ; to daub ; to stain ; to
sully.
SOIL, n. Upper stratum of earth; mould; com-
post; dirt; stain.
SOIR-EE' (swa-ra'), n. [IV.] An evening party,
SO'JOURN (so'jurn), v. i. To dwell for a time.
SO'JOURN (so'jurn), n. A temporary residence, as
that of a traveller in a foreign laud.
SO'JOURN-ER, 71. A temporary resident, ,-vs a
traveller who dwells in a place for a time.
SO'JOURN-MENT, n. Temporary residence.
SOL (sole), n. The name of a note in music.
SOL, n. A copper coin in France, usually sou; the
sun.
SOL'ACE, v. t. To give comfort to, as in grief or
under calamity. SYN. To comfort ; cheer ; allay ;
^assuage, [see.
SOL'ACE, n. Alleviation of sorrow ; comfort, wnich
SOL'ACE-MENT, 71. Act of comforting, or state of
being comforted.
SO'LAN-GGOSE, n. A species of pelican] the
gannet.
SO'LAE, a. Pertaining to the sun or measured by
its progress.
SOL'DER, n. A metallic cement. See SODEB.
SOL'DIER (sol'jer), n. A man in military service ;
a brave warrior; a man of military experience
and skill.
SOL'DIER-LY (sol'jer-ly), a. Like a good soldier ;
warlike; brave.
SOL'DIER-SHIP, n. The military character.
SOL'DIER-Y (sol'jer-y), n. A body of soldiers;
military men collectively.
FALL, WHAT; TITftttE, TERM; MARINE, Bf RD J MOVE,
I SOLE, n. The bottom of the foot or of a shoe ; a
marine flat fish.
SOLE, v. t. To furnish shoes with soles.
I SOLE, a. Single ; alone ; not married.
; SOL'E-CISM, n. An expression which violates the
laws of language, especially of syntax ; an absurd
expression; an absurdity. SYN. Barbarism.
These terms have descended from the ancient
rhetoricians. A barbarism is a word either
or uncongenial to a language, and not yet received
into it. Solecism is applied to a violation of the
laws of syntax, or to any expression involving an
absurdity or violation of the necessary laws of
thought.
SOL'E-CIST, n. One who is guilty of impropriety
of language.
SOL-E-CiST'IC, a. Incorrect; incongruous.
SOL'E-CIZE, v. i. To commit solecism.
SOLE'LY, ad. Singly ; only ; separately.
SOL'EMN (sdl'em), a. Religiously grave ; marked
with pomp and sanctity; serious; devout;
sacred. See GRAVE.
SOL'EM-NESS, n. Solemnity ; gravity.
SO-LEM'NI-TY, 71. Eeligious ceremony; gravity;
steady seriousness ; affected gravity.
SO-LEM-NI-ZA'TION, n. Act of solemnizing} ce-
lebration.
SOL'E. \1-NIZE, v. t. To honour with ceremonies;
to celebrate ; to make serious ; to perform with
ritual ceremonies and respect, or according to le-
gal forms.
SOL'E MN-LY (soTem-ly), ad. With religious reve-
rence.
SO'LEN, n. The razor-shell ; a cradle for an injur-
i ed limb ; the spinal canal.
, SOLE'NESS, 7i. State of being alone.
I SOL'FA, v. i. To pronounce the notes of the gamut,
! ascending or descending.
SOL-FA-TA'RA, n. [It.] A volcanic vent from
which sulphur and sulphurous and other vapours
are em
SOL-FEG'GI-0, n. [It.] In music, the system of
the scale b
arranging
by the names do, re, mi, fa,
sol, la, by which music is taught.
SO-LICTT, v. t. To ask or seek with a degree of
earnestness; to invite. SYN. To entreat; suppli-
cate ; importune ; implore ; beg ; ask ; request.
SO-LIC-IT-A'TION, n. The act of soliciting; a
seeking to obtain something from another with
some degree of earnestness ; invitation.
SO-LtC'I-TOE, n. One who entreats ; a lawyer or
advocate in a court of chancery.
SO-LIC'IT-OR-GEN'ER-AL, n. A law-officer who
manages the legal business of the crown and pub-
lic offices.
SO-LlC'IT-OUS, a. Anxious; careful; very de-
sirous.
SO-LIC'IT-OUS-LY, ad. With care and anxiety.
SO-LlC'IT-l.'ESS, n. A female who solicits.
SO-LlC'I-TODE, n. Anxiety; earnestness; un-
easiness of mind occasioned by the fear of evil or
the desire of good ; trouble ; care.
SOL'LD, a. Compact in structure ; not hollow, as
a solid ball; valid; sound; having the geometri-
cal dimensions. A solid angle is one formed by
the meeting of three or more plane angles at one
point. SYN. Hard. These words both relate to
the internal constitution of bodies, but hard de-
notes a closer coherence of the component parts
than solid. Hard, is opposed to soft, and solid to
fluid or liquid. Wood is always solid, but some
kinds of wood are ?iard and others are soft.
SOL'IH, 71. A firm, compact body.
SOL-I-DAR'I-TY, n. [IV. "J Such a union or con-
solidation of interests as makes persons jointly
liable in property, character, &G.J identity of in-
terests.
SO-LID-I-FI-GA'TION, n. The act of making
solid.
SO-LlD'I-FY, v. t. To make solid and compact.
SO-LlD'I-TY, n. The quality or property of bodies
by which they resist impression and penetration ?
SOL
435
SOP
DOVB, WOLF, BOQK; B^LE, BrLL ; Vl"CIOUS.-
firin ness; density; moral firmness; soundness;
validity; iu geometry, the 'solid contents of a
body.
SOL'ID-LY, ad. Firmly ; compactly.
SOL'ID-NESS, 11. Solidity; compactness; sound-
SOL-ID-tTNG'GU-LOUS (-ung'gu-lus), a. Having
hoofs that are whole or not cloven.
SOL-I-FID'I-AN, n. One who holds that faith
alone without works is necessary to justification.
SO-LtL'O-QUlZE, v. t. To utter in soliloquy.
SO-LlL'O-QUY, n. A talking alone or to one's
self; a written composition reciting what it is
supposed a person speaks to himself.
SOL'I-PED, . An animal whose foot is not
cloven.
SOL-I-TARE' (4), n. One who lives in retirement ;
a recluse ; a hermit ; a game for one persou
alone.
SOL'I-TA-RI-LY, ad. In solitude or seclusion.
SOL'I-TA-RI-NESS, n. Solitude; forbearance of
company : loneliness.
SOL'I-TA-KY, a. Lonely; retired; n. a hermit;
one that lives alone or in solitude : a recluse.
SOL'I-TCDE, n. The state of being alone; a
lonely place; a desert. SYN. Retirement; seclu-
sion ; loneliness. Retirement is a withdrawal from
society, implying that a person has been engaged
in its scenes. Solitude describes the fact that j,
person is alone ; seclusion, that he is shut out
trcm others, usually by his own choice; loneli-
ness, that he feels the pain and oppression of
being alone. Hence, retirement is opposed to a
gay or active life ; solitude, to society ; seclusion,
to freedom of access on the part of others ; and
lont&iMss. to the enjoyment of that society which
the heart demands.
SOL-MI-ZATION, n. A solfaing; a repetition or
recital of the notes of the gamut.
SO'LO, n. : pi. SO'LOs. A tune or air sung or playec
by a single voice or instrument.
SOL'S'l. is), n. The point where the sun
ceases to recede from the equator.
SOL-STl"TIAL (-stj'sb'al), a. Of or belonging to a
solstice.
SOL-D-B1L'I-TY, n. Susceptibility of being solved
olved.
SOL'C-BLE (sfil'yu-bl), a. Capable of solution or
being dissolved.
SOL' I ^,n. Solubility.
SO-LC'TION, n. The process of dissolving in a
fluid; the mixture resulting from it; explanation;
the act of solving, as a problem.
SOL'0-TIVE, a. tending to dissolve ; laxative.
loLV'A-fLE-NEls, } Ability to pay just debts.
V A-BLE, a. That may be solved or paid.
SOLVE, v. t. Properly, to loosen or separate the
parts of any thing ; hence, to explain ; to resolve ;
to unfold ; to clear up.
SOLV'EN-CY, n. Ability to pay all debts.
SOLV-KND', n. A substance to be dissolved.
:NT, o. Ab)e to pay all debts ; dissolving.
SOLVENT, n. A fluid that dissolves any substance,
or in which solution is effected.
SOLV'EK. n. One that solves or explains.
SO-MA-TOL'0-GY, n. The doctrine of material
substances.
SOM'HRE, a. Dusky; dull; erloomy; cloudy.
SOM'BROUS, a. Dark ; gloomy; cloudy.
SOME (silm), a. Noting a quantity or number, in-
definitely, or a person unknown. Some is im-
properly used as an adverb instead of somewhat,
as " 1 am some tired ;" " he is some better."
SOME'BOD-Y (suni'bod-y), n. A person uncertain
or unknown ; a person of consideration.
SOME'HOW (sum'-), ad. One way or other ; some
way not known.
SOM'ER->AULT,> ,_.. . , (n. A leap by which a
BOM'ER-SET $ (sum-), | pers on jumps from
a height, turns over his head, and lights upon
liis feet.
easK, frasj; sasz; cuabSH; THIS.
SOMETHING (sum'-), n. A thing indeterminate ;
a portion more or less ; a little.
TIME (sum'-), n. A time uncertain, past or
future.
SOMETIMES (sum'-), ad. Now and then; at in-
tervals.
SOME/WHAT (sum'-), n. A quantity more or less ;
ad. in some degree or quantity.
SOME' WHERE (sum'whare), ad. In a place un-
cert:
AM'BfT-LATE, v. i. To walk in one's sleep.
AM-BU-LA'TION, n. A walking in sleep.
, J-LLe, a. Walking in sleep.
, .'.U-LISM, n. A walking in sleep.
SOM-NA M'BU-LIST, n. One who walks in sleep.
SOM-NlF'Eil-OUS, \a. Causing or tending to
SOM-M j cause sleep; soporific.
SOM-NJL'O-QUIST, n. One who talks in his sleep.
SOM-NlL'O-QUOUS, a. Apt to talk in sleep.
SOM-NlL'O-QUY, \n. A talking or speaking in
SOM-NTL'O-QUHOf, j i'
SOM-NIP'A-THY, n .
mesmeric influence.
Sleep from sympathy or
SOM'NO-LENCE, \n. Inclination to sleep ; sleepi-
SOM'XO-LEN-CY.) ness; drowsiness.
SOM'NO-LENT, a. Sleepy ; inclined to sleep.
SON (sun), n. A male child ; a descendant ; a com-
pellatiou of an old man to a young one, or of a
confessor to his penitent ; a term of affection j a
native inhabitant of a country.
S ON'-IN-LAW, n. A daughter's husband.
SO -1^. VTA, n. A tune lor an instrument only.
SONG, n. Tha,t which is sung; a little poem to be
sung; ahyinu; a tune; poesy.
SONG'STER, n. A singer, as a bird.
SONG'STRESS, n. A female singer.
SO-NIF'EK-OUS, a. Producing sound.
SON'NET, n. A short poem of fourteen lines, pe-
culiarly constructed ; a short poem.
SON-NET-EER', n. A composer of little poems ; a
small poet. Usually in contempt. *
SON-O-R1F'K!, a. Producing sound.
SO-NO'ROUS, a. Giving a full sound j yielding
sound.
SO-NO'ROUS-LY, ad. With a full or loud sound.
SO-NO'ROUS-NESS, n. The quality of yielding
sound, or a loud sound.
SON'SHIP (siin'ship), 71. The state of being a sou ;
filiation ; the character of a son.
SOON (2'>), ad. In a little time ; a. quick.
SOOT, 71. A black substance formed by combustion .
Sout consists of more than sixteen different sub-
stances, of which carbon, creosote, ulmiu, &c., are
the principal.
So< >T, v. t. To black with soot.
ER-KIN, n. A kind of false birth.
SOOTH, n. Truth. SeeFoESOoxu.
SOOTH, a. Pleasing ; delightful ; faithful.
SOOTHE, v. t. To calm: to quiet; to soften; to
flatter.
SOOTH'ER, n. One who soothes or flatters.
SOOTH'INU-LY, ad. With flattery or soft words.
SOOTH'S! Y (-sa), v. t. To foretell; to predict.
SOOTH'SAY-ER, n. A predictor ; a fortune-teller.
SOOTH'SA Y-IIS T G, n. Divination ; a foretelling by
ma^ic arts.
N ESS, n. Quality of being foul with soot.
SyOT'Y, a. Covered with or like soot ; black.
SOP, n. Something dipped or steeped in liquor ;
any thing given to pacify, so called from the sop
piven to Cerberus in mytho!
SOP, v. t. To steep or soak iu liquor.
SOPH, n. A sophist ; a sophister ; a sophomore :
; fso'fe), n. A title of the King of Persia,
i >M (sOf izm), 7i. A fallacious argument.
SOPH'IST (suf'ist), n. A cunning but fallacious
reasoner.
SOPH'IST-ER, n. The title of students who are
advanced beyond the first year in the University
of Cambridge, and in some others ; an artful in-
sidious reasoner.
SOP
436
SOU
1, t, &c., long.*., *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
i8JiilT'i&-AL,} FaUacious; not sound.
SO-PiilST'ie-AL-LY, ad. With fallacious reason'
SCKPHIST'IO-ATE, v, t. To adulterate or cor-
rupt.
SO-PHlST're-A-TED,") /i T1 n.-rnfA<1 tint rmrp
SO-PH1ST'I-ATE, j ' Adulterated , not pure.
SO-PHIST-I-eATION, n. Adulteration ; fallacy.
SU-PillST'I-e-A-TOK, n. One who adulterates or
corrupts.
SOl'H'IST-RY (s5f-;, n. FaUacious reasoning.
See FALLACY.
BOPH'OMORE (s5fo-more), n. A student in the
United States' colleges in the second year.
SOPH-O-MUR'I-AL, a. Inflated in style.
SOP-O-RlF'ER-OUSJ a. Causing or tending to
SOP-O-RIF'KJ, | induce sleep.
SOl'-O-RlF'ER-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of
causing sleep.
SO'POR-OUS, a. Causing sleep ; sleepy.
SO-PRA'NO, n. ; pi. SO-PRA'N! or SO-PRA'NOS. In
music, the treble ; the highest female voice.
SOB/BENT, o. Absorbent ; imbibing.
SOR'BON-IST, n. A doctor of the Sorbonne, a
university of Paris.
SOU'CER-ER, n. A conjuror; an enchanter.
SOlt'CER-ESS (20), n. An enchantress ; a female
magician.
SOR'CEU-OUS, a. Containing enchantment.
SOR'CER-Y, n. Enchantment ; divination by the
supposed assistance of evil spirits.
SOR'DID, a. Niggardly ; mean ; filthy.
SOU'DID-LY, ad. With mean covetousness.
SORDID-NESS, n. Niggardliness; meanness.
SORE, n. A part of flesh bruised or tender and
painful; an ulcer; a wound; in Scripture, grief;
affliction.
SOKE, a. Tender to the touch; easily pained;
severe.
SOR'EL, n. A buck of the third year.
SORE'LY, ") ad. "With pain or vehemence; griev-
SORE, J ously; violently.
SORE'NESS, n. The tenderness or painfulness of
some injured part of the body, as of a bruise or
boil, &c. ; figuratively, tenderness of mind.
SO-Rl'T$ (so-ri'tez;, n. In logic, an abridged form
of syllogisms, in which the conclusion of one is
the premise of the next.
SORN'ER, n. One who obtrudes himself upon an-
other for bed and board ; from sorehon or sorn, an
arbitrary exaction of bed and board from tenants
in Ireland and Scotland.
SO-ROR'I-CIDE, n. The murder or murderer of a
sister. [taste.
SOR'REL, 7i. A plant, so named from its sour
SOR'REL, o. Of a reddish colour.
SOR'RI-LY, ad. Meanly ; in a wretched manner.
SOR'RI-NESS, 7i. Meanness ; paltriness.
SOR'ROW (sdr'ro), n. Pain produced by a sense of
loss; regret. SYN. Grief; sadness. Sorrow (from
the root of sore, heavy), denotes suffering of mind,
either from the loss of some good, real or sup-
posed, or disappointment in our expectation of
good ; grief expresses a poignant or uncontrolla-
ble degree of sorrow, which weighs (connected
with grave) or presses down the mind under a
sense of loss ; sadness is that depression of
thought and feeling which is a frequent but not
invariable result of sorrow. See also GRIEF.
SOR'ROW (sur'ro), v. i To feel mental pain for
loss of good, actual or expected. SYN. To grieve ;
mourn; weep.
SOB/HGW-F U L, a. Full of sorrow ; exciting grief ;
mournful ; expressing grief.
SOR'ROW-FUL-LY, ad. In a manner to excite
grief.
SOR'ROW-FUL-NESS, n. State of being sorrow-
ful; grief; sadness.
SOll'ROW-ING, 7i. Expression of sorrow.
SOR'RY, a. Grieved; pained at loss; melancholy;
poor; mean.
V ALL, WHAT; THfiRE, TfiRM; MARi'NE, BiRD ; MOVE,
j SORT (20), 7i. A kind or order of things ; manner,
as in some sort; out of sorts, out of order, i. e.,
unwell. SYN. Kind. Kind (connected with fcin
and kindred) originally denoted things of the
same family, or bound together by some natural
affinity, and hence, a class; sort (from the Latin
sors) signifies that which constitutes a particular
lot or parcel, not implying, necessarily, the idea
of affinity, but of mere assemblage. The two
words are now used to a great extent interchange-
ably, though sort (perhaps from its origin, lot)
sometimes carries with it a slight tone of dispara-
gement or contempt, as when we say, " that sort
of people," " that sort of language," &c.
SORT, v. t. To dispose in species or classes; to
adjust ; to suit ; v. i. to be joined with others of
the same species; to associate; to suit; out of
sorts, disordered or unwell.
SORTA-BLE, a. That may be sorted ; suitable.
SORTIE (sor'ty), n. A sally ; the issue of a body
of troops from a besieged place to attack the be-
siegers.
SORT'I-LEGE, 7i. Act of drawing lots.
SOR-Tl"TION (-ttsh'un),7i. Appointment by lot.
SORT'MENT, n. The act of sorting.
SOS-TE-NU'TO, [It.] In music, sustaining the
sounds to the utmost value of the time.
SOT, n. An habitual drunkard ; a stupid fellow.
SOT, v. t. To stupefy ; to infatuate ; to besot,
SOTH'K!-YEAR, n. The Egyptian year of 365
days, 6 hours, so called from Sothis, dog-star.
SOT'TISH, a. Given to liquor ; dull ; stupid.
SOT'TISH-LY, ad. Stupidly; foolishly.
SOT'TISH-NESS, n. Dullness; stupidity.
SOTTO VVCE (sut'to vp'cha), [It.] In music, with
.a restrained voice or in a moderate tone.
SOU (soo), 7i.; j)l. Sous (soo). A French copper
coin, equal to about one half-penny.
SOU-BAH-DAR^, n. In India a viceroy ; the gover-
nor of a province.
SOU-BRETTE', n. [Fr.] A waiting-maid ; a cham-
ber-maid.
SOU-CHONG' (soo-shong'), n. A kind of black
tea.
SOUGH (suf, in Scotland, soogh, gli guttural), n, A
small drain ; a hollow murmur ; a report.
SOUL (sole), 71. The spiritual, rational, and im-
mortal part of mail ; life ; vital principle ; a hu-
man being ; spirit ; grandeur of mind ; generos-
ity ; an intelligent being.
SOUL'LESS, a. Without soul or nobleness of
mind ; spiritless ; mean.
SOUND, 7i. Any thing audible ; noise ; voice ; a
narrow or shallow sea, as that connecting the
Baltic with the German Ocean; air-Mad ier of a
fish ; a surgical instrument or probe.
SOUND, a. Entire ; whole ; unhurt ; undecayed ;
firm; founded in truth or right; profound, as
sleep ; not defective or enfeebled.
SOUND, v. t. or v. t. To make or cause to make a
noise ; to utter a voice ; to spread by sound or
report ; to search for the depth, as by sinking the
lead to the bottom ; to try ; to examine.
SOUNDING, n. The act of uttering noise ; act of
endeavouring to discover the views of others;
act of throwing the lead to ascertain the depth of
water.
SOUND'-BOAED, \n. A thin plate of wood or
SOUND'ING-BOARD, $ metal which propagates
the sound in an organ, violin, &c. j the horizontal
board over a pulpit-, &c.
SOUND'INGS, n. pi. A part of the sea in which a
line will reach the bottom.
SOUND'LY, ad. Heartily; stoutly; severely;
justly.
SOUND'NESS, n. The state or quality of being
sound ; entireness ; health ; firmness ; freedom
from error or fallacy; orthodoxy.
SOUP (soop), n. Strong broth; decoction of flesh.
SOUR, a. Acid; tart; crabbed; peevish; harsh
to the feelings ; cold and damp, as sour weather ;
rancid; musty.
sou
437
SPA
D6VE, WOLF, B9QK . R^LE, B^LL ; VICIOUS.-
SOUR, v. t. or v. i. To make or become acid; to
make harsh in temper; to make cross or crabbed.
SOURCE, n. That from which a thing springs;
fountain; root; origin, which see.
SOUR'ROUT, > n. A dish made of cabbage cut
SOUR'KROUT.j up, thrown into a cask, and
suffered to ferment.
SOUR'ISH, a. Somewhat sour.
SOUR'LY, ad. With sourness ; discontentedly
SOUR'NESS, 11. Acidity; crabbedness ; austerity.
SOUS (soo), n. ]7l. of Sou.
SOUSE, n. Pickle made with salt ; ears and feet
of swine pickled.
SOUSE, 1?. t. To fall suddenly on; to rush with
speed; v. t. to steep in souse; to plunge; to
strike with sudden violence.
SOUT'ER, 71. A cobbler.
SOUTH, n. The point of the horizon ninety de-
grees to the right of the point at which the sun
v, hen in the equinoxes ; a southern region
or place-
!>eingina southern direction.
i", n. The point equidistant between
cast.
SOUTH-EAST', a. In the direction of southeast,
or coming from the south-east.
SOUTH-EAST'ERN, a, Toward the southeast.
SO CTTH'ER-LY (siith'er-ly), a. Being at the south
uth.
SO L ' H'ERN (suth'ern), a. Belonging to the south ;
toward or coming from the south.
SOCTH'ERN-ER (suth'ern-), n. An inhabitant of
the Southern States of America.
SOCTH'ERN-MOST (suth'ern-), a. Furthest to-
ward the south.
SOUTH'ERN-WQOD, n. A plant nearly allied to
wormwood.
SOUTH'ING, a. Going toward the south.
SOUTHING, n. Course or distance south ; tend-
ency or motion to the south. The southing oj the
moon, the time at which the moon passes the
meridian.
SOUTH'MOST, a. Furthest toward the south.
SOCTH'RON (stith'-), n. An inhabitant of the
more southern part of a country.
SOUTH'WAKD or SOCTH'WARD (suth'-), a. To-
ward the south; n. southern regions or coun-
tries.
SOUTH- WEST', n. The point equidistant between
south and west.
SOUTH-WEST', a. Being at the south-west, or
coming from that direction.
SOUTH-WESTERN, o. In or from the south-
west.
SOUV'EN-IR (soov-neer), n. [Fr.] A remem-
brancer.
SOV'ER-EIGN (stfv'er-in or less correctly suv'er-in),
a. Supreme in power; possessing supreme do-
minion : supremely efficacious ; predominant ;
effectual; chief.
SOV'ER-EIGN, n. A supreme ruler ; one who pos-
sesses the highest authority; a supreme magis-
trate ; a gold coin, value twenty shillings ster-
ling.
:it-EIGN-LY, ad. In the highest degree;
supremely.
SOV'EK-EIGN-TY, n. Supremacy; supreme do
minion.
SOW, n. A female of the hog kind.
SOW (so), v. i. iprct. SOWED; pp. SOWED, SOWN.]
To scatter seed for growth ; to scatter over, as
seed ; to supply or stock with seed.
SO WANS (sou'anz), n. An article of food made
from the husks of oats ; flummery.
SOWER (so'er), n. One who sows or propagates.
SOY, n. A kind of sauce for fish.
SPA, n. A mineral water from a place of this name
in Germany ; a spring of mineral water.
SPACE, n. Local extension; room; distance; in-
terval between lines ; quantity of time ; a while.
SPACE, v. t. In printing, to make spaces or wider
intervals between words or lines.
asK; 6 as J; sasz; CnassH; THIS.
SrA'CIOUS (spa'shus), a. Large extent ; occupy.
ing much space. SYN. Ample; capacious.
Ample implies largeness in quantity or amount,
as ample stores, ample room, ample resources, &c. ;
spacious denotes large physical extent or space, as
a spacious hall, the spacious ocean, &c. ; capacious
denotes, literally, the power of holding much, and
hence wide or comprehensive, as a capacious har-
bour, a capacious mind.
SPA'CIOUS-LY, ad. Widely; extensively.
SPA'CIOUS-NESS, n. Greatupss of extent.
SPADE, n. An instrument for digging ; a suit of
cards ; a deer three years old ; a gelded beast.
SPADE, v. t. To dig with a spade.
S PADE'FUL, a. As much as a spade will carry.
SPA-Dl"CEOUS (-dlsh'us), a. Ot a light red colour.
SPA-DlLLE', n. The ace of spades at ombre.
SPA'DIX, n. The receptacle in palms, &c.
SPALT (spawlt), a. Brittle; cracked, as timber.
SPAN, n. A hand's extent ; nine inches ; a short
space of time. A span of horses consists of two
harnessed side by side ; the span of an arch.
SPAN, v. t. To measure by the fingers; to mea-
sure ; v. i. to agree in colour or size, as the
horses span well.
SPAN'CEL, 7i. A rope to tie a cow's hind legs.
SPAN'DREL, n. The irregular triangular space
between the curve of an arch and the rectangle
enclosing it.
SPAN G 'GLE (spang'gl), n. A small plate or boss,
or piece of shining metal j any little thing spark-
ling and brilliant.
SPAN^GLE (spang'gl), v. t. To set or adorn with
spangles.
SPAN'IEL (span'yel), n. A dog used in field-
sports ; a mean, cringing person ; v. i. to fawn
upon ; to cringe.
SPANISH, a. Pertaining to Spain; n. the lan
guage of Spain.
SPAN'ISH-FLY, n. A fly used for blistering.
SPANK, v. t. To slap with the open hand.
SPANK'ER, n. A small coin; a sail; one that
takes large strides in walking ; a stout person.
SPAN'NER, 71. One that spans ; lock of a fusee or
carbine, or the fusee itself; a wrench.
SPAR, n. A mineral that breaks with regular sur-
faces : a round piece of timber used for the yards
and topmasts of ships.
SPAK, v. i. To dispute; to quarrel; to fight with
prelusive strokes.
S 1 ' A I ; , r . t. To fasten with a bar.
-I s LE, n. Name of shoemakers' nails.
SPARE (4), a. Scanty; lean; thin; superfluous.
SPARE, v. t. To use frugally; to part with; to
forbear to punish; to grant; to allow; v. i. to
live frugally ; to be parsimonious ; to use mercy
or forbearance ; to forgive.
SPARE'NKSS, n. Thinness; leanness.
: Li, n. One who spares ; one who avoids
unnecessary expense.
SPA RE' HI B, n. Ribs of pork with little flesh.
; -HONG, a. Hung with spar, as a cave.
SPARING, a. Scarce ; scanty ; saving.
SPAR'ING-LY, ad. Scantily; frugally; seldom.
SPARING-NESS, n. Parsimony; frugality; cau-
tion.
SPARK, n. A particle of fire; a small portion of
any thing ; a brisk, showy man ; a lover.
SPAKK'FUL, a. Lively; brisk; gay.
SPARK'ISH, o. Airy; gay; well-dressed.
K'LE (spar'kl), n. A small spark of fire.
SPARK'LE, v. i. To emit sparks; to glitter; to
twinkle ; to exhibit animation ; to emit bubbles.
SPARK'LER, n. He or that which sparkles ; one
whose eyes sparkle.
SPAUK'LING. ppr. or a. Throwing out sparks;
vividly bright. Sra. Glittering; brilliant; shin-
which see.
SPARK'LING-NESS, n. A twinkling brilliancy.
SPAR'RING, n. A prelusive contention, as among
boxers ; dispute.
SPAR'ROW (spar'ro), n. A genus of small birds.
SPA 438 SPE
1, fi, &c., long.!, fi, &c., short. C!RE, FAR, LAST, F^LL, WHAT; TH&RE, TBM ; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE,
SPAR'ROW-GRASS, n. A corruption of aspara-
gus.
SPAR'RY, a. Resembling spar or consisting of it.
SPARSE, a. Thinly scattered ; distant.
SPARSE'LY, ad. Thinly ; in a scattered manner.
SPARSE'NESS, n. Thinness ; scattered state.
SPARTAN, a. Pertaining to Sparta ; hardy ; un-
daunted.
SPASM, n, Involuntary contraction of muscles :
cramp.
SPA$-MOD'i (spaz-mod'ik), n. A medicine good
for removing spasm ; anti-spasmodic a. consist-
ing in spasm ; convulsive.
SPAS'TI-6, a. Pertaining to spasm.
SPA-THA'CEOUS (spa-tha'shus), o. Having a
calyx like a sheath.
SPATH'KJ, a. Foliated or lamellar.
SPATH'I-FORM, a. Resembling spar.
SPATH'OSE, ) a. Having a calyx like a sheath ;
SPATH'OUS.f sparry.
SPATTER, v. t. To sprinkle on ; to make dirty ;
to scatter about.
SPATTER, v. i. To throw out of the mouth in a
scattered manner.
SPATTER-DASH-ES, n. pi. Coverings for the. legs
to keep them clean from water and mud.
SPAT'0-LA, n. An apothecary's slice for spread-
ing plasters.
SPAT'0-LATE, o. Shaped like a spatula or battle-
dore.
SPAVIN, n. A tumour on a horse's leg producing
lameness.
SPAVINED, a. Affected with spavin.
SPAWL, v. i. To spit and spatter saliva.
SPAWN, n. The eggs of frogs and fishes.
SPAWN, v. t. or v. i. To produce or deposit, as
eggs of a fish; to bring forth, as offspring, in
contempt.
SPAWN'ER, n. The female fish.
SPAY (spa), i;. t. To castrate, as a female beast.
SPEAK, v. i. [pret. SPOKE (spake) ; pp. SPOKE,
SPOKEN.] To utter words or articulative sounds,
as human beings ; to utter a speech, discourse, or
harangue ; to talk ; to make mention of ; to give
sounds; v.i. to utter; to declare; to address;
to communicate with, as to speak a ship.
SPEAK'A-BLE (speek'a-bl), a. That can be ut-
tered or described ; able to speak.
SPEAK'ER, n. One who speaks; the presiding
officer in a deliberative assembly, as of the House
of Commons.
SPEAK'ER-SHIP, n. The office of speaker.
SPEAR (speer), n. A long, pointed weapon ; a
lance ; a shoot, as of grass ; usually spire.
SPEAR (speer), v. t. To stab or kill with a spear ;
v. i. to shoot into along stem.
SPEAR'MAN, n. A man armed with a spear.
SP"CIAL (spgsh'al), a. Particular; designating a
species or sort ; noting something more than or-
dinary ; peculiar, which see.
SPE-CI-AL'I-TY, n. Specialty; the quality of the
species.
SPE"CIAL-LY (spesh'al-ly), ad. Particularly;
chiefly.
SPE"CIAL-TY (spSsh'al-ty), n. A special contract,
or the evidence of a debt under seal ; the debt ;
a particular or peculiar case ; a particular subject
or pursuit to which one devotes himself, as music
is his specialty.
SPE'CIE (spe'shy), n. Coined money; gold, silver,
and copper.
SPE'CIE* (spe'shez), . sing, and pi. A class com-
prehended under a genus ; sort ; kind ; class ;
order.
SPE-ClF'LC, ") a. Distinguishing one from an-
SPE-CIF'ICJ-AL, $ other; that specifies or par-
ticularizes. Specific gravity is the ratio which the
weight of the matter of any body, or substance
bears to the weight of an equal bulk of pure
water.
SPE-CIF'IC, n. A certain remedy for a disease;
a medicine which infallibly cures.
According to the species ;
SPE-CIF'I-AL-LY, ad.
definitely.
SPE-CIF'1-GATE, v. t. To designate the species ;
to specify.
SPEC-I-FI-CATION, n. Act of specifying a par-
ticular thing or fact ; a written statement of par-
ticulars.
SPE-C1F'I!-NES3, n. Quality of being specific ;
particular mark of distinction.
SPEC'I-FY, v. t. To mention or designate a par-
ticular thing so as to distinguish it.
SPECT-MEN (spos'e-men), n. That which serves
to represent things of a like character, as a speci-
men of one's handwriting. SYN. Sample. A
specimen (from species) is a representative of the
class of things to which it belongs, as a specimen
of photography ; a sample is a part of the thing
itself, designed to show the quality of the whole,
as a sample of broadcloth.
SPE'CIOUS (spe'shus), a. Pleasing to the view;
apparently right; appearing well at first sight.
SYN. Showy ; superficial ; plausible, which see.
SP'CIOUS-LY (spe'shus-ly), ad. With fair ap-
pearance.
SPE'CIOUS-NESS, n. Fair external show ; plausi-
bility ; superficialness.
SPECK, n. A small spot or discolouration; a
blemish ; a very small thing.
SPECK, v. t. To stain with spots ; to blemish.
SPECK'LE (spfik'kl), n. A small spot or speck.
SPECK'LE, . t. To mark with spots.
SPETA-LE, n. Any thing exhibited to view as
very remarkable ; a show ; a sight.
SPTA-eLED (spek'ta-kld), a. Furnished with
spectacles.
SPTA-LES (sp6k'ta-klz), n. pi. Glasses to
assist the sight.
SPE!-TA!'U-LAR, a. Relating to shows or
spectacles.
SPEO-TATOR, n. One that looks on ; one per-
sonally present on any occasion.
SPE!-TA-TO'KI-AL, a. Pertaining to a spectator
or the act of beholding.
SPEC-TATOR-SHIP, n. Act of beholding; office
of a spectator. [er on.
SPECTATRESS, n. A female beholder or look-
SPETRE, n. An apparition ; the appearance of
any person who is dead.
SPECTRAL, a. Pertaining to a spectre ; ghostly.
SPEC'TRUM, n. ; pi. SPECTRA. [L.] A visible
thing ; an image before the eyes when shut ; the
figure of the seven prismatic colours, formed by
the refraction of a ray of light transmitted
through a prism.
SPE'0-LAK, a. Like a looking-glass.
SP'0-LATE, v. i. To consider a subject by turn-
ing it in the mind ; to meditate ; to buy in expec-
tation of a rise in price.
SPE-0-LA'TION, n. Mental view of any thing in
its aspects and relations ; theory ; views of a
subject not verified by fact or experience ; a buy-
ing in expectation of a rise in price.
SPEC'0-LA-TIVE, a. Given to speculation ; con-
templative ; theoretical ; noting a speculation ia
lands, &c.
SPE'0-LA-TlVE-LY, ad. In contemplation or
theory ; in the way of speculation in lands, &c.
SP'C-LA-TOR, n. One who contemplates a sub-
ject ; one who theorizes ; one who buys up com-
modities to make gain by the rise of price.
SPE-e'C-LA-TO-RY, a. Exercising speculation;
intended for viewing.
SPEC'U-LUM, n. ; pi. Spfre'u-LA. [L.] A glass or
polished metallic plate that reflects images, as in
a telescope ; a mirror or lookiug-glass.
SPEECH, n. The faculty of uttering articulate
sounds, or words to express ideas ; a formal dis-
course, as a speech in a public assembly ; a parti-
cular language. SYN. Talk ; discourse ; language,
also harangue, which see.
SPEECH'I-FY, v. i. To make a speech, [tfot ele-
gant.]
SPE
439
V'.'LF, BQQK; RULE, BLL; Tl"CIOU?. as K ', 6 OS J J 8 as Z
Not able to speak or not speak
SPEECH'LESS, o.
UH'LESS-NESS, n. State of being mute.
>, v. i. [pret. and pp. SPED.] To make haste ;
to have success or prosperity; v. t. to send in
; to put in quick motion ; to help fi
SYN. To despatch ; hurry; 1 lerate.
SPEED, n. Rapidity of motion or of execution ;
success in an undertaking. SYN. Swiftn
patch ; expedition ; quickness ; haste, wh!
SPEEDTl'L, a. Full of spci-
!>T-LY, act. In a short time; quickly;
ily ; soon.
-s, n. The quality of being speedy;
quickness; haste; despatch.
! . L, 71. An herb of the genus veronica.
\ in motion; quick in perform-
ance. SYN. Quick ; hasty.
> ING, n. A salted and sun-dried whiting.
., n. A charm consisting of words of hidden
power, as a magic spell; a turn of work, as to
take or t;ive a spt'll; an interval or short time, as
'' of hot weather.
Sl'KLL, v. t. or
SPI
CH as sii; THIS.
muscle for contracting
. SPELLED or
To tell or name the letters of a word i ^ the vent of a cannon.
SPHINCTER, n. A.
;tting an orifice.
SPHINX (sftnks), n. A fabled monster, having the
face of a woman and the body of a lion, wL i
out riddles and devoured all who were unable to
solve them ; an Egyptian monument.
SPHRA-C1S ; . The science of seals;
their history, age, &c. ; a branch of diplomatics.
SPICE, n. An aromatic plant or its seed, used in
cookery ; a small quantity; punge
SPICE, v. t. To season with spice ; to tincture ; to
render nice or scrupulous.
SPI'CEU-Y, n. Spices in general ; a repository of
spices.
SPIC'C-LAR, a. Resembling a dart.
SPl{>'0LE, n. A minute, slender granule or point.
SPI'CY, a. Like spice, or abounding with spices ;
-ent ; racy, which see.
SPI'DER, n. An animal that spins webs for catch-
ing prey ; a kitchen ut^
SPIG'OT, n. A peg or pin to stop a faucet.
SPIKE, n. An ear of corn ; a large nail ; a shoot
of a plant.
SPIKE, v. t. To fasten or set with spikes ; to stop
with a pro; of syllables; to write or
print with the proper letters; to read; to take
anoth' turn ; to charm.
SPfiLL'-BOUND, 'i. Arrested by a spell.
EK, n. Ono that spells words; one skilled
i ling-book.
he act of naming the letters of
a word, or the act of writing or printing them.
I ), 11. A land of spel Is and charms.
ft. The commercial name given to
common zinc.
SPENCE, n. A larder; a pantry ; closet.
i;R, n. A kind of short coat ; a sail of a
Sl'EMD, v. t. [pret. and pp. SPENT.] Primarily, to
open or spread; hence, to lay out or bestow for
any purpose; to part with: to consume; to ex-
of force or strenLrt s or fatigue.
>, t\ i. To make expense; to be lost or
od ; to be consumed or exhausted.
. One who spends or wastes.
SPENDTHRIFT, n. A prodigal; one who spends
money profusely.
-i (13), n. Animal seed; that by which the
ermaceti.
white, transparent, fatty
d for making candles, &c., obtained
rmaceti whales.
AT It', a. Consisting of seed; seminal;
conveying or secreting seed.
SPERM-AT O-CKLE, n. A swelling of the sperm-
atic vessels, or vessels of the testicles.
SPEW (spii), 0. t. or v. i. To eject from the sto-
mach ; to vomit or puke ; to cast off with abhor-
rence.
SPHAC-E-LATION (sfas-e-la'shun), n. A becoming
AL, a. Resembling a wedge.
Sl'llKKE ^lo ej, n. In geometry, a solid body con-
irface, which in ev
is equally oil point called its centre;
a globe ; orb ; circuit of action, knowledge, &c. ;
rank or station in li e.
SPHEKE, v. t. To place in a sphere; to form into
.ness.
Sl'HKK'If , "> a. Having the form of a sphere ;
SIMllMl K-'-AL, J globular ; round.
SPHER'I-AL-LY, ad. In the form of a sphere.
SPHE-KICI-i Y, n. Roundness; the quality of
being globular.
SPI1I-;K'IS (stcr'iks), n. pi. The doctrine and pro-
perties of the sphere ; spherical geometry.
SPHIv'ROID, n. A . spherical.
SPHE-ROID AL, ) a. Of the form of a sphe-
SPHE-Kolbi- -AL.)"
UOLD'1-TY, n. Quality of being spheroidal.
SPHEK'CLE (sffir'ul), n. A little sphere or globe.
SPIKE'LET, ri. In botany, a small spike making a
part of a larye one.
SPIKE'NARD (spike- or split-), n. A plant of several
species with an aromatic odour.
SPlK'Y, a. Having a sharp point.
SPILE, n. A pin to stop a hole in a cask ; a stako
driven down into the ground to protect a bank or
form a foundation, &c.
SPILL, v. t. [pret. and pp. SPILLED, FPILT.] To
suffer to fall or run out of a vessel ; to c
run out or shed ; to throw away ; v. i. to be suf-
fered to run out, &c. ; to be shed ; to waste.
SPIN, v. t. [pret. and pp. SPUN.] To draw out in a
thread and twist; to whirl; to protract to great
th.
SPIN, v. i. To practise spinning ; to move round
ily ; to stream or issue in a thread.
S I' i VAC II, / . ,-^ (n. A garden plant used
SPIN'AGE,) WfcflWi | for food.
SPI'NAL, a. Belonging to the spine.
SPlN'DLE, n. A pin to form thread on j an axis.
:>LK. r.t. To become thin or tall.
SPIN'DI . -, n. A tall, slender person [in
contempt.]
ft. The backbone ; a thorn ; a ridge.
SFl'NEL, ) n. A very hard mineral, one vari-
.LLE', | ety of which is the ruby.
SFlN'ET n. A musical instrument resembling a
hord, but smaller; a vi
1.1 1, n. One who spins; the long-legged
i'ider.
1', n. An engine for spinning
cotton or v.
SPIN'NING-WHEEL, n. A wheel for spinning
flax, cotton, or wool.
SPI-NO.S'I-TY, n. State of being spiny.
SPI'NOUS, a. Full of spines ; thorny.
SPlN'STE K, n. A woman who spins ; in law, the
common title for a woman without rank; an un-
married woman.
SPIN '.-TRY, n. The business of spinning.
Si'l NY, a. Full of spines; perplexed; trouble-
some.
SPIR'A-LE (spVa-kl or spi'ra-kl), n. A small
aperture in bodies by which air or other fluid is
exhaled or inhaled; any small aperture, hole, or
vent.
SPl'RAL, a. Winding round a cylinder, at the
same time rising or advancing forward ; winding
like a screw.
SPl'K AL-LY, ad. In a winding form.
SPIRE, n. A winding line like the thread of a
screw ; a body that tapers to a point ; a steeple j
a shoot or blade ; the point or top of a thing.
SPIKE, v. t. To shoot up or out; to sprout.
SFlR'IT, n. Literally, breath; hence, an immate-
rial, intelligent being, as the soul of man, &a ;
SPI
440
SPO
I, S, &c., long. X, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
prevailing temper; an excitement of mind or
feeling ; the essential quality of a thing ; a strong
liquor obtained by distillation.
SPlR'IT, v. t. To animate with vigour ; to excite
or encourage ; to convey away, as if by a spirit.
SPIR'IT-ED, a. Full of life or spirit ; bold.
SF1 R'lT ED-LY, ad. in a lively manner.
SPlRIT-LESrf, a. Wanting animation; dull;
cheerless.
SPlR'IT-LESS-LY, ad. Without spirit; lifelessly.
SPIR'IT-LESS-NESS, n. Want of life or vigour.
SPlR'IT-LEV-EL, n. An instrument consisting of
spirits in a sealed glass to be used in levelling.
SPIR-I-TO'SO [It.] In music, with spirit.
SPIRTT-OUS, a. Like spirit; refined; pure.
SPIR'IT-OUS-NESS, n. A refined state ; ardency ;
fineness.
SPIB'IT-C-AL (spir'it-yu-al), a. Consisting of
spirit ; incorporeal ; not fleshly.
SPlR'IT-C-AL-lSM, n. The doctrine that all which
exists is spirit or soul; doctrine of intercourse
with departed spirits ; state of being spiritual.
SPlK'IT-C-AL-IST (spfr^it-yu-al-ist), n. One who
professes a regard for spiritual things only ; one
who maintains the doctrine of a present inter-
course witli departed spirits.
SPIR-IT-tJ-AL'I-TY, n. Essence distinct from
matter; immateriality; spiritual or intellectual
nature ; holy affections.
SPIR-IT-0-AL-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of spiritual-
izing.
SPIRIT-TT-AL-IZE, v. t. To convert to a spiritual
sense ; to refine the intellect or feelings.
SPlR'IT-tT-AL-LY, ad. Without corporal gross-
ness or sensuality ; in a manner conformed to
the spirit of true religion ; purely ; divinely.
SPlR'IT-C-OUS (spir'it-yu-us), a. Consisting of
spirit; ardent.
SPlRT. See SPURT.
SPlRT'LE (17; (spur'tl;, v. t. To spurt scatter-
SPlK' Y, a. Of a spiral form ; wreathed.
SPlS'SI-TCDE, n. Thickness of soft substances.
SPlT, n. An iron prong or bar on which meat, &c.,
are roasted ; a point of land running into the sea ;
what is ejected from the mouth ; saliva.
SPIT, v. t. To put on a spit ; to thrust through ;
to pierce ; to dis?.
SPlT, v. i. or v. t. Ipret. and pp. SPIT.] To eject
spittle or saliva from the mouth.
SPlT'AL. See HOSPITAL.
SPlT'-BOX, -)n. A vessel to receive discharges of
SPIT-TOON', j saliva.
SPITE, n. A feeling of malicious vexation; a set-
tled desire to vex or injure. In spite of means,
in defiance of. SYN. Malice. Malice has reference
to the disposition, and spite to the manifestations
of it in words or actions. JJfalice denotes a spirit
which desires evil to others; spite is a temper
which delights to express itself in bitter and
cutting language, or in low and irritating ac-
tions.
SPITE, v. t. To be angry or vexed at ; to vex.
SPITE'FUL, a. Filled with spite ; malignant.
SPlTE'FUL-LY, ad. With malice or ill will.
SPITE'FUL-NESS, n. The disposition to vex or
injure; malice.
SPIT'FIRE, n. A violent, passionate person.
SPlT'TER, n. One who spits ; a young deer whose
horns begin to shoot or become sharp.
SPlT'TLE (spit'tl), n. The thick moist matter se-
creted by the salivary glands and ejected by the
mouth ; saliva.
SPLASH, n. Water or mud thrown upon any-
thing, or thrown from a puddle.
SPLASH, v. t. To dash with water or mud.
SPLASH'Y, a. Full of water or mud and water.
SPLAY (spla), a. Displayed; spread ; turned out.
SPLAY'-FOOT-ED, a. Having broad feet.
SPLAY'-MOUTH, n. A mouth stretched by de-
sign.
SPLEEN, n. A part of the human body, near the
FALL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM; SIARIITE, BIRD; MOVE,
stomach, the use of which is not known. It was
supposed by the ancients to be the seat of melan-
choly, vexation, &c. ; hence, melancholy ; spite ;
anger.
SPLEENTSH, o. Disposed to anger, vexation,
melancholy, &c. ; affected with spleen.
SPLEEN'Y, a. Fretful; melancholy.
SPLEN'DENT, a. Shining; beaming with light;
bright ; illustri
SPLEN'DID, a. Properly, shining, as a splendid
sun; hence, very bright; showy; magnificent;
illustrious.
I SPLEN'DID-LY, ad. With great show ; magnifi-
cently.
! SPLEN'DOUR, n. Great brightness ; brilliancy.
: SPLEN'E-TIG, a. Full of spleen; peevish; n. a
person affected with spleen.
SPLENT. See SPLIKT.
i SPLICE, n. The union of ropes by interweavinj,
the strands.
SPLICE, v. t. To separate the strands of two ends
of a rope, and unite them by interweaving the
threads.
SPLINT, \n. A thin piece of wood ; a piece
SPLlNT'ER, $ of wood split oft 7 ; in surgery, a
thin piece of wood, &c., used to confine a broken
bone when set; in farriery, a hard excrescence
growing on the shank-bone of a horse.
SPLINT'ER-BAR, n. The cross-bar of a coach
which supports the springs.
SPLlNT'ER, v. t. To split into thin pieces; to
confine with splinters.
SPLINT'ER-Y, a. Like or consisting of splinters.
SPLIT, v. t. [pret. and pp. SPLIT.] To rend or di-
vide lengthwise ; to divide ; to break to pieces ;
to strain with laughter.
SPLIT, v. i. To part asunder; to burst; to be
dashed in pieces; n. a longitudinal fissure; a
crack ; a breach.
SPLUTTER, n. A bustle ; a stir.
SPOIL, n. That which is taken from others by
violence; plunder; pillage; booty.
SPOIL, v. t. To take or strip by violence ; to plun-
der; to corrupt or injure, so rendering useless or
destroying.
SPOIL, v. i. To practise plunder ; to decay.
SPOIL'ER, n. One that plunders, corrupts, mars,
or renders useless.
SPOKE, n. The ray or bar of a wheel, which is in-
serted in the hub to support the rim.
SPOKES'MAN, n. One who speaks for another.
SPO'LI-ATE, v. t. or v. i. To pillage ; to practise
plunder.
S I'0-LI-A'TION, . The act or practice of plunder-
SP<yLI-A-TOK, n. A spoiler.
SPON-DA'IG, a. Pertaining to a spondee.
SPONDEE, n. A poetic loot of two long syllables.
SPONGE (spunj), n. A porous marine substance
found adhering to rocks under water ; it readily
imbibes liquids, and, on compression, gives them
out again ; an instrument for cleaning cannon
after a discharge ; soft dough.
SPONGE (spunj), v. t. To wipe with a wet sponge ;
to cleanse with a sponge ; to extinguish or de-
stroy ; to harass ; to prepare dough for bread, &c.
SPONGE, v. i. To suck in or imbibe ; to gain by
mean arts or hanging on.
SPONG'ER (spun'jer), . One who uses a sponge ;
a hanger-on.
SPONG'ING-HOUSE, n. A bailiff's house for
lodging debtors in his custody.
I SPON'SAL, a. Relating to marriage.
SPON'SION (spSn'shun), n. Act of being surety for
: another.
! >PON'SOR, n. A surety; a godfather; in some
] Christian communions, one who is surety for the
religious education of a child baptized.
?PON"-TA-NT-TY, \n. The quality of act-
SPON-TA'NE-OUS-NESS, j ing freely or out of
i one's own impulses without restraint.
SPON-TA'NE-OUS, a. Proceeding from internal
SPO
441
SPR
D&VS, WOLF, BQQK ; U^LE, BITLL ; vFcious -e as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
feeling or impulse; springing up of itself, as a I SPRAIN, n. Excessive straining of the ligaments
spontaneous burst of feeling, spontaiuoua combus-
tion, spontaneoiis growth. SYX. Voluntary.
What is voluntary is the result of a volition, or
act of choice ; it may therefore be the result of
mere reason without excited feeling. What is
spontaneous (from Latin, sponte) springs wholly
from feeling without reflection, as a spontaneotus
burst of api'l
SPON-TA'NE-OUS-LY, ad. Freely ; of free will, by
its own force.
SPON-TOON', n. A kind of half pike carried by mili-
tary officers of a low rank.
SPOOK, \n. From the German spuk, a spirit ; a
SPOKE, j ghost; a hobgoblin.
SPOOL, n. A cane, reed, or hollow cylinder used
by weavers ; a small roll of thread on a cylinder.
SPOOL, v. t. To wind on spools.
SPOOM, v. i. To be driven forward as a ship.
SPOON, n. A small domestic utensil with a bow]
at the end for taking up liquids or dipping.
SPOON'FUL, n. As much as a spoon will hold.
AT, . Any food eaten with a spoon.
8PO-RADT6. ~\a. Scattered; occurring here
SPO-RAD'I-AL, j and there.
SPORE, )!!. The part of flowerless plants which
SPOK'ULE, j performs the functions of seeds.
SPOR'RAN, n. The Highland purse.
SPORT, n. That which diverts or amuses ; mock-
ery or contemptuous mirth.- SYN. Play; game;
diversion; frolic; mockery; jeer.
SPORT, v. t. To divert ; to exhibit publicly, as a
new carriage, &c.j to represent by any kind of
; to make merry ; to trifle.
.ng sport ; frolicsome.
In a sportive, merry manner
SPOUT, v. i. To
SPORTFUL, n.
SPORTFUL-LY, ad.
cheerfully.
SPORTFU L-NESS, ") n. Playfulness ; disposition
SPORTIVE-NESS, j to mirth.
SPORTIVE, a. Full of sport ; merry ; gay ; airy ;
wanton.
SPORTlVE-LY, ad. With gayness ; merrily ; play-
fijlly.
SPORTS'MAN, n. One fond of field sports, as
hunting, fishing, &c. ; one skilled in these sports.
SPORTS'MAN-SHIP, n. Practice of sportsmen.
SPOT, n. A mark on a substance made by
matter ; a stain on character ; a small extent of
space, as a spot of ground ; a different colour from
the rest of a thing; on the spot, immediately.
SYN. Blot; stain; flaw; blemish; fault; site;
place ; locality.
SPOT, v. t. To make a visible mark with some
foreign matter ; to discolour; to stain; to patch
or mark by way of ornament ; to tarnish or blot,
as reputation. SYN. To mark ; blot ; stain ; dis-
grace; tarnish.
SPoT LESS, a. Without spot ; pure ; immaculate ;
holy.
SPOT' LESS-NESS, n. Freedom from spot and
stain.
SPOT TED-NESS, n. A state of being spotted.
SPOTTY, a. Marked with spots.
SPOUfc'AL (spou'zal), a. Matrimonial; pertaining
to marriage; nuptial.
SPOUS'AL (spou'zal), n. Marriage; nuptials. [It
is note ijenerally used in the plural.]
SPOUSE (spoux), . One engaged or joined in
wedlock ; a husband or wife.
SPOUSE, v. t. To wed. See Es:
SPOUSE LESS, a. Having uo husband or wife.
SPOUT, u. A projecting mouth to direct the
stream of a liquid poured out; a pipe conduct-
ing water. A u-ater-spout is a violent discharge of
water raised in a column by the force of a whirl-
wind.
SPOUT, v. t. To throw out of a narrow orifice ; to
throw out words with affected ?ravity.
SPOUT, v. t. To issue with violence, as a liquid
through a narrow orifice or spout.
SPOUTER, n. A low orator, in contempt.
or muscles of the joints without dislocation.
SPRAIN, v. t. To overstrain the ligaments so as to
weaken their motive power.
SPRAT, n. A very small fish, allied to the herring.
SPRAWL, v. i. To spread and stretch the body in
a horizontal position; to move the limbs awk-
wardly when lying down.
SPRAY (spra), n. A small shoot or branch of a
tree ; water driven from the sea which spreads in
small particles.
SPRMAU (sprod), v. t. [pret. and pp. SPREAD.] To
extend iu length or breadth; to scatter, publish,
or promulgate ; to prepare, as a table for a meal.
SYX. To diffuse ; extend ; scatter ; propagate ;
publish ; distribute.
SPREAD (sprod), v. i. To extend itself in length
and breadth; to be extended; to be propagated.
SL'READ (spred), n. Extent; compass; expansion
of parts ; a cloth used as a bed-cover, &c.
SPREE, n. A frolic, generally with drinking.
SPRlG, n. A small branch ; twig; slip.
SPRIG, v. t. To mark or adorn with the represen-
tation of small branches.
S I 'K I G'GY, a. Full of sprigs or branches.
S FRIGHT,} (sprite), n. A spirit or shade ; an ap-
SPRlTE, y paritiou ; incorporeal agent.
SPRIGHTLI-NESS (sprite'-), n. Briskness; vi-
vacity.
SPRIGHTLY (sprite'-), a. Brisk; lively; gay;
active.
SPRING, v. i. [pret. SPEANO ; SpEUNa, pp. SPRUNO.]
To rise out of the ground ; to issue ; to leap ; to
bound ; to fire, as a mine.
<i, v. t. To start or rouse, as game; to
crack, as to spring a mast ; to produce quickly ;
to cause to explode ; to burst open ; to cause to
rise from a given spot, as an arch ; to close sud-
denly, as to spring a trap.
SPRING, n. The season of the year when plants
spring ; a leap ; a fountain ; the origin of a thing,
as the spring of great events ; an elastic power or
force : an elastic body. [ing.
SPRINGE (sprmj), n. A snare; a noose for catch-
SPRlNG'HALT, n. Lameness of a horse, in which
he twitches up his legs.
.S I ' R i NG'-HEAD (-hed), n. A fountain or source.
SPElNGI-NESS, 7i. The power of springing;
elasticity ; abundance of springs.
SPBlNG'-TIDE, n. A tide at the new and full
moon, being higher than common tides.
SPRlNG'-TlME. n. The season of spring.
SPRlNG'Y, a. Possessing power to recover itself
when bent; elastic; able to leap far; containing
springs or fountains.
rfl'RINK'LE (sprink'kl), v. t To cast drops of
water or small particles on ; to wash ; to cleanse.
SPRiNK'LE, t. i. To perform the act of scatter-
ing a liquid or any fine substan r 3 ; to rain mode-
rately, as it sprinkles.
SPRiMK'LE (sprmk'kl), n. A small quantity scat-
tered.
SPRINK'LING, n. Act of scattering in drops or
small particles.
SPRIT, n. A shoot ; a sprout ; a small boom of a
vessel.
SPRIT, v. i. To sprout; to bud ; to germinate.
SPRITE, n. A spirit; an apparition.
SI-KIT SAIL, n. A sail extended by a yard under
the bowsprit.
r, v. i. To shoot as a plant ; to bud.
SPROUT, n. A shoot of a plant ; a shoot from the
end of a branch, or from the seed or root.
SPRUCE (31), a. Neat; trim; neat without ele-
gance. See FINICAL.
!:, v. t. To dress with affected neatness ; v. i.
to dress one's self with affected neatness.
SPRUCE, n. The fir-tree ; an evergreen.
: SPRUCE'-BEER, n. Beer tinctured with spruce.
SPRCCE'LY, ad. With affected neatness.
j SPRCCE'NESS, n. Neatness in dress, without
) taste or elegance ; trimness.
SPR
442
SQU
I, 8, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; TH^BE, TRM; MARINE, B!BD; MOVE,
SPRY, o. Quick in action; having great power of
leaping or running ; nimble.
SPOD, n. A short tool like a chisel, for destroying
weeds, &c. applied familiarly to any thing short.
SPOME, n. Frothy matter ; foam; scum.
SPCME, v. i. To froth ; to foam.
SPU-MES'CENCE,n. Frothinessj state of foaming.
SPOM'OUS,) o. Consisting of froth or scum;
SPOM'Y, j" foamy.
SPONGE. Sec SPONGE.
SPONK, n. Dry rotten wood that readily takes
fire touch- wood; hence, an inflammable temper.
SPONK/Y, a. Spirited; full of spunk.
SPON'-YAltN, 7i. Hope-yarn twisted into a cord or
line.
SP0K, n. An instrument with sharp points worn
on horsemca's heels to hasten the pace of horses ;
an incitement ; an instigation ; a sharp, horny
projection on the leg of a cock; a projecting
mountain.
SPUR, v. t. To prick with a spur; to incite; to
impel ; to drive ; to put spurs on ; v. i. to travel
with great expedition.
SPOR'GALL, n. A place excoriated by much using
of the spur.
SPORGrE, n. The name of several plants charac-
terized by acridity.
SPU'RI-OU :J, a. Not genuine; not legitimate.
SYN. False ; counterfeit ; fictitious ; adulterate ;
bastard.
SPO'RI-OUS-LY, ad. Falsely ; by counterfeiting.
SPO'RI-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of not being
genuine,
SPURN, v. t. To kick; to reject with disdain; to
treat with contempt ; to scorn to receive ; v, i. to
manifest disdain in rejecting any thing ; to make
contemptuous opposition.
SPORN, n. Contemptuous treatment.
SPOR'RY, TI. A plant of the genus spergula.
SPORT, v. t. To throw out a stream with force ;
v. i. to gush or issue out in a stream, as liquor
from a cask .
SPORT, n. A sudden gushing of a liquid from a
pipe, &c. ; a sudden effort.
SPOT'TER, n. Moist matter thrown out in small
particles.
SPOTTElf, v. i. Literally, to throw out spittle
from the mouth, as in rapid speaking ; hence, to
throw off moisture in small detached parts; to
fly off in small particles with crackling noise; to
utter word-s hastily and indistinctly; v. t. to ut-
ter with haste and noise.
SPOT'TER-ER, . One who sputters.
SPY, n. One who watches another's actions ; one
sent into the camp or country of an enemy to
gain intelligence.
SPY, v. t. To discover ; to see at a distance ; to
explore ; v. i. to search narrowly ; to play the
part of a spy.
SPY'-GLASS, n. A small telescope.
SPY'ISM, n. The act or business of spying.
SQUAB (skwob), a. Thick and stout; short and
fat.'
SQUAB (skwSb), n. A young domestic pigeon.
"- Thick ' ^t; heavy.
SQUAB'BLE (skwSb'bl), v. i. To debate peevishly ;
to wrangle ; to contend; to brawl; to quarrel.
SQUAB'BLE (skwob'bl), n. A wrangle or petty
contention.
SQU.YB'BLER, n. A quarrelsome fellow.
SQUAD (skwud), n. A company or small party of
persons ; a small party of men assembled for drill
or inspection.
SQUAD'RON (skwod'run), n. A body of troops in
any regular form ; part of an army ; in naval af-
fairs, a detachment of ships employed in any par-
ticular service; part of a fleet.
SQU A I/ID (skwol'-), a. Foul ; filthy ; very dirty.
SQUAL-ID'I-TY, ^ , oV ,xv $" A state of ex '
SQUA L'ID-NESS, j (skw51 "' i treme foulness ;
filthiness.
SQUALL, n. A loud scream or cry ; a sudden gust
of wind.
SQUALL, v. i. To cry or scream violently.
SQUALL'ER, n. One that cries loudly.
SQUALL'Y, a. Subject to sudden gusts of wind.
SQUA'LOID, a. Resembling a shark.
SQUA'LOE, n. Foulness; filthiness.
SQUMOUS,} ' Sca1 ^ covered with Bcales.
SQUANDER (skwou'dcr), v. i. To spend lavishly;
to dissipate; to scatter ; to waste without judg-
ment.
SQUAN'DER-ER, n. A waster; a spendthrift;
one who spends his money prodigally without
necessity or use.
SQUAN'DER-ING-LY, ad. By squandering.
SQUARE (4), a. Having four equal sides and right
angles ; forming a right angle ; having a stn.i-.cht
front; doing equal justice ; fair, as sqv..
ing; even, as leaving no balance. The square
root of any number is that which, multiplied into
itself, produces the number.
SQUARE, 11. A figure of four equal sides ; an area
of four sides, with houses on each side ; the con-
tent of the side of a figure squared; an open
place ; an instrument for measuring, as the car-
penter's square; rule or agreement.
SQUARE, v. t. To make square or equal; to re-
duce to any given measure ; to adjust ; to regu-
late ; in arithmetic, to multiply a number by it-
self.
SQUARE, v. i. To suit ; to fit ; to accord; to take
an attitude of defiance.
SQUARENESS, n. State of being square.
SQUARL'-RIGGJBD (-rigcl), a. In seamen's lan-
guage, having the principal sails extended by
yards.
SQUASH (skwSsh), n. Something soft; a plant
whose fruit is eaten ; a contact or fall of soft
bodies.
SQUASH (skwosh), v. t. To make into pulp ; to
crush.
SQUASHT, ad. Like a squash.
3UAT (skwot), v. i. To sit close to the ground;
to sit upon the hams and heels ; to settle on an-
other's land without pretence or title.
SQUAT, w. The posture of sitting on the hams.
SQUAT, a. Cowering; short; thick; sitting on
the hams and heels.
SQUATTER (skwot'ter), n. One who squats or
settles on new land without title.
^UAW, n. An Indian name of a woman or wife.
3UEAK (skweek), v. i. To utter a sharp, shrill
sound, usually of short duration.
^UfiAK, 11. A shrill sound uttered suddenly.
JjlLBAL (skweel), v. i. To cry with a shrill sound.
JUfiAMlSH, a. Easily disgusted ; nice to excess
in taste ; fastidious, which see.
SQUAM'ISH-LY, ad. Fastidiously j with too
much niceness.
SQUEAM'ISH-NESS, n. Excessive niceness ; fas-
tidiousness ; vicious delicacy of taste ; excessive
scrupulousness.
SQUEEZE, v. t. To press close ; to oppress with
hardships, burdens, and taxes; to embrace closely ;
to force between close bodies.
SQUEEZE, v. i. To press ; to urge one's way ; to
pass by pressing or squeezing ; to crowd.
SQUEEZE, n. Close compression between bodies ;
a close hug or embrace ; pressure.
SQUIB, n. A little pipe or cylinder filled with
combustible matter, thrown up in the air, and
bursting with a cracking noise ; a severe speech
or little censorious writing published ; a petty
lampoon.
SQUlB, v. t. To throw squibs, or utter or publish
sarcastic remarks.
SQUILL, n. A plant like an onion ; a crustaceous
sea-animal, the sea-onion ; an insect.
SQUINT, a. Looking obliquely ; looking: with sus-
picion ; n. an oblique look ; act or habit of squint-
ing.
SQU
443
STA
D&VE, WQLF, B<?<?K ; R LB, BULL J Vl"CIOUS.
SQUINT, v. t. or v. t. To have the axes of the eyes
directed to different objects ; to look obliquely ;
to deviate from a true line.
SQUlNT-EJE (-1), n. An eye that squints.
SQUIRE, n. A title of a magistrate ; an attend-
ant ; the title customarily given to gentlemen.
SQUIRE, v. t. To wait on ; to attend.
SQQlRM (17), v. i. To wind, twist, and str
to climb by embracing and scrambling. [Johnson
writes it su;arm.]
SQUIK'REL (skwor'rel 9r skwur'rel), n. A small |
rodent quadruped having a long, bushy tail, and
remarkable for agility.
liT, v. t. To eject, as a fluid from a pipe.
SQUIRT, n. An instrument to eject liquids.
STAB, . i. To give a wound with a pointed wea-
pon ; v. t. to pierce with a pointed instrument j to
injure secretly or by malicious falsehood.
STAB, n. A wound with a pointed instrument ; a
secret injury by slander, &c.
STA li'LISH, v. t. To establish ; to make firm.
STA! BAT MATER, n. [L.] A celebrated Latin
hymn beginning with these words.
STA H'BER, n. One that stabs ; a privy murderer.
STA-BlL'1-MENT, n. Act of making firm; firm
support.
STA-BlL'I-TY, n. Fixedness of aim or purpose;
constancy ; firmness.
STA'BLE, a. Firmly established; steady in pur-
pose ; durable ; not easily surrendered or aban-
doned.
STA'BLE, n. A house or shed for beasts.
STABLE, v. t. To put or keep in a stable; v. i. to
dwell or lodge in a stable.
STA'BLING, n. Stables in general ; the act or prac-
tice of keeping cattle in a stable.
STAB'LY, ad. In a firm manner ; fixedly ; steadily.
STAC-CA'TO (sta-ka'to). [It.] In music, a short,
distinct, articulate style ; opposed to legato.
STACK, n. A large pile, as of hay or grain ; a
number of funnels or chimneys standing together ;
a stack of arms consists of muskets set up with
the bayonets crossing each other.
STACK, v. t. To pile in a heap.
STAD'DLE, n. A small tree or forest-tree ; a sup-
port or standard.
STA'DI-UM, n. ; pi. STA'DI-A. A Greek measure of
nearly 606 English feet, 9 inches ; one-eighth of a
Roman mile ; a race-course.
STADT1IOLD-ER (stat'-), n. Formerly the chief
trate of the United Provinces of Holland.
STAFF, n. ; pi. STAFFS or STAVES. A stick for sup-
port or defence ; any thing that serves as a stay
or prop ; the pole of a flag, &c, ; five lines and four
spaces in music ; certain officers in an army at-
tached to the general's person or to departments
of the service.
STAG, n. The male red deer ; a male ox.
STAGE, n. Pruptrly, out) step or degree of eleva-
tion ; a floor or platform of any kind ; the theatre ;
theatrical representation ; place of action or per-
formance; the distance between two places of
rest on a road ; a single step ; degree of advance ;
a stage-coach.
STAGE'-OACH, n. A coach that runs regularly
between certain places to convey passengers.
STAGE'-PLAY-ER, n. An actor of plays.
STAG'ER, n. One that has long acted on the stage
of life ; a practitioner ; a person of cunning.
STAG'GARD, ?v. A stag of four years old.
iER, v. i. To reel in walking ; to hesitate;
to begin to doubt and waver in purpose ; to begin
to give way.
STAG'GERS, n. pi. A disease of horses in which
they fall suddenly ; apoplexy of animals.
STAGING (sta'jing), n. A structure of posts and
boards for support, as for building.
STAiVl-RlTE, n. An appellation given to Aris-
totle, from Stagira, the place of his birth.
STAG'NAN-CY, n. State of being without motion
or flow.
STAGNANT, o. Not flowing; motionless; still.
. as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; cu as SH ; THIS.
STAG'NATE, v. L To cease to flow; to be motion-
less.
STAG-NA'TION, n. Cessation or absence of mo-
tion.
STAID (stade), o. Noting stability ; not wild, fan-
ciful, or flighty. SYN. Sober; grave; sedate.
STAID'NESS, n. The quality of steadiness; so-
briety; gravity.
STAIN, v. t. To discolour by the application of
foreign matter ; to spot or tinge ; to impress with
figures in colours different from the ground work ;
to mark with guilt or infamy. SYN. To blot ; dis-
colour ; dye ; sully ; soil ; taint ; pollute.
STAIN, n. A discolouration from foreign matter ;
a natural spot of a different colour from the rest ;
taint of guilt; cause of reproach.- SYN. Blot;
spot ; blemish ; tarnish ; disgrace ; infamy.
.JR, n. One who stains or colours ; a dyer.
STAIN'LESS, a. .Free from stain or reproach.
STAIR (4), n. A step for ascending. Stairs in the
plural, a series of steps.
STAIR'-ASE, n. The place in a building for
stairs.
STAITH, n. The extremity of a line of rails for
discharging coals, &c., into vessels.
STAK E, n. A small piece of wood or timber, sharp-
ened at one end, to be set in the ground or else-
where as support ; the post to which martyrs were
secured; hence, figuratively, martyrdom; a post
in general; money, &c., pledged or wagered; a
small anvil.
STAKE, v. t. To fasten, support, defend, or mark
off by stakes ; to wager or put at hazard ; to pierce
with a stake.
STA-LATIt', \a. Resembling an icicle ; per-
STA-LA'TI-AL, J taining to stalactite.
STA-LATITE, n. A pendent cone or concretion
of carbonate of lime, in form of an icicle.
STAL-A-TiT'I), a. Of the form of an icicle ; per-
taining to stalactites.
STA-LAG'MITE, n. A deposit of calcareous mat-
ter made by water impregnated with carbonate of
lime, &c., in dropping on the floor of a <
When the stalactite and stalagmite me.
form a pillar.
STAL-AG-HiT'ie, o. Having the form of a stalag-
mite.
STALE, a. Vapid and tasteless from age ; worn
out ; common.
STALE, n. Something used to decoy, as a stool-
pigeon ; a long handle; the urine of cattle.
. t. To make vapid or useless ; to destroy
the life or beauty of.
STALE, v. i. To discharge urine, as beasts.
STALE'N ESS, n. The state of being stale or vapid ;
oldness; commonness.
STALK (stawk), n. Stem of a plant ; a proud step.
STALK (stawk), v. i. To walk with a proud step ;
to strut ; to walk behind cover, as to staifc deer,
&.C.
rfTALK'ER (stawk'er), n. One who walks with a
proud step ; a hunter, as a deer-stalker.
rfTA LK IXG-H' >USE (stawk'-), n. A horse, real or
artificial, to conceal a fowler from his game;
hence, a pretence ; disguise.
STALK'Y, a. liesembling a stalk.
STALL (stawl), n. A stand or place in a stable
where horses, &c., are kept and fed ; a frame of
shelves or bench in the open air where tLi.
exposed for sale ; ashed where some bu.-i
carried on ; the seat of a clergyman in the choir
of a cathedral.
STALL, v. t. To keep in a stable ; to put into a
stable ; to install ; to set ; to fix ; to plunge into
mire, so as not to be able to proceed.
STALL/AGE, n. Rent paid for a stall in a fair.
STALL'-FED, a. Fed or fattened in a stable.
STALL'-FEED, v. t. To feed or fatten in a stable.
STALL'IQN (stal'yun), n. A male horse not cas-
trated, and used for raising stock.
STAL'WART (stSl'wort), a. Possessing strength
and bravery ; bold ; strong ; daring.
STA
444
STA.
I, B &c., long. I, *, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
BTA'MEX, n.; pi. STA'MENS, STAM'I-NA. In a gene-
ral sense, usually in the plural, the fixed, linn
part of a body ; whatever constitutes the strength
of a thing; in botany, the organ of flowers for the
preparation of the pollen or fecundating dust.
STAM'I-NA, 7i.pl. of STAMEN.
STAM'I-NA L, }a. Consisting of stamens or
STAM'I-NATE, J stamina.
STA-MIN'E-OUS, a. Consisting of, or pertaining to
stamens.
STAM'MER, v. t. Literally, to stop in uttering
syllables or words ; to hesitate or falter in speak-
ing ; heuce, to speak with difficulty.
STAM'MEK, v. t. To pronounce with hesitation or
imperfectly.
STAM'MEK-ER, n. One who hesitates in speaking.
STAM'MER-ING, n. The act of hesitating in
speech.
STAM'MER-ING-LY, ad. With hesitation.
STAMP, v. t. To strike or beat forcibly with the
bottom of the foot ; to impress with some mark
or figure ; to fix deeply ; to coin money ; to crush
ore, &c.
STAMP, i>. i. To strike the foot forcibly down.
STAMP, n. An instrument for impressing a mark ;
thing stamped; a legal mark; character of repu-
tation ; make ; cast ; form ; authority ; a pounder
or pestle.
STAMP'-A!T, n. A statute imposing or regulating
stamp-duties.
STAM-PEDE', n. A sudden fright of cattle, lead-
ing them to run away ; hence, a rush of persons
from a place. [U. SJ
STAMP'ER, n. An instrument for pounding.
STANCH, v. i. To stop as blood ; to cease to flow;
v. t. to stop, as a flowing of blood.
STANCH, a. Firm; sound; fixed in principle;
constant ; close.
STANCH'LY, ad. Undauntedly.
STANCH'ER, n. He or that which checks the flow-
ing of blood.
STAN'CHION (stan'shun), w. A small post ; a prop
or support.
STANCH'LESS, a. That can not be stopped.
STANCH'NESS, n. Firmness of principle ; sound-
ness.
STAND, v. t. or v. i. [pret. and j>p. STOOD.] To be
on the feet ; not to sit or lie ; to be erect, as a
tree; to be on its foundation; not to be over-
thrown or demolished; to be in a particular
place ; to stop or halt ; to continue or endure ; to
be fixed, not vacillating; to resist or defend; to
be a candidate ; to hold on a course ; to endure.
STAND, v. t. To endure ; to sustain.
STAND, n. A point of stopping; a place at which
one stands ; an erection for spectators at a horse-
race ; a small table; a point of rank, &c. A stand
of arms is a musket with its usual appendages.
SYN. Stop; halt; rest; obstruction; hesitation ;
difficulty.
STAND'ARD, n. A staff with a flag or colours ; a
rule or criterion by which things are tried; a
standing tree or stem ; the upper petal of a papil-
ionaceous corolla ; a. serving as a test or criterion,
as standard weight, &c.
STAN D'ARD-BEAR-ER, n. An ensign or cornet.
STANDING, a. Established ; permanent ; not
flowing ; n. continuance ; possession of an office ;
station.
STAND'ISH, n. A case to hold pens and ink.
STANDPOINT, n. A position; a fundamental
principle; a point from which a view is taken
or a subject contemplated.
STANG, n. A long bar ; pole ; shaft.
STAN'HOPE, n. A light two-wheeled carriage,
without a top, named from Lord Stanhope.
STAN'NA-RY, 71. A tin mine ; a. relating to tin.
STAN'NIG, a. Pertaining to tin.
STAN'ZA, n. ; pi. STAN'ZAS. A series of lines in a
poem or hymn, having a certain arrangement
which is repeated again and again.
STAN-ZA'K!, a. Consisting of stanzas.
F.JLL, WHAT; THRE, TBRSI; MARINE, uiXD ; MOVE,
STA'PLE (sta'pl), n. The principal commodity or
production of a country or district ; the thread or
pile of wool, flax, and cotton ; a bent piece of iron
to hold a hook, &c. ; more rarely, a market for
goods.
STA'PLE, a. Established; chief ; principal.
STAP'LEE, n. A dealer, as a wool sf
STAR, n. An apparently small, luminous body in
the nocturnal heavens ; strictly, one of those self-
luminous suns, which are situated at immense
distances beyond our solar system ; the figure of
a star, or a radiated figure, used as a badge of
office or in printing ; a person of brilliant quali-
ties, as a theatrical star.
STAR, v. t. To set or adorn with stars.
STAB/BOARD, n. The right side of a ship when
one stands with his face to the head or prow.
STARCH, n. A white farinaceous substance used
to stiffen cloth.
STARCH, v. t. To stiffen with starch.
STARCH, a. Having the quality or character of
stiffness; precise; rigid.
STAR'-CHAM-13ER, n. Originally the privy-council,
afterwards a court of criminal jurisdiction,
abolished in the reign of Charles I.
STARCHED (starcht), a. Stiff; precise; formal.
STARCH'ED-NESS, n. Stiffness in manner.
STARCH'ER, n. One who starches.
STARCH'LY, ad. With formal stiffness.
STARCH'NESS, n. Stiffness of manner; precise-
ness.
STARCH'Y, o. Stiff; consisting of starch.
STARE (4), v. i. To look with fixed eyes wide
open ; to fasten an earnest look on some object ;
to gaze, which see ; v. t. to influence by staring,
as to stare one out of countenance.
STARE, n. A fixed look with the eyes wide op"enj
a bird.
STAR'ER, n. An eager gazer.
STAR'-GAZ-ER, n. One who observes the stars.
STAR'-GAZ'ING, 7;. The act of looking much at
the stars.
STARK, a. Complete ; mere ; absolute ; ad. wholly ;
absolutely.
STAR'LESS, a. Having no stars visible.
STAR'-LIGHT (-lite), n. Light proceeding from
the stars ; a. enlightened by the stars.
STAR'-LIKE, a. Resembling the stars.
STAR'LING, n. A bird of the genus stitrnus.
tfTAR'RY, a. Adorned with stars ; like stars.
STAR'-SHOOT, n. Something shot from a meteor ;
a meteor that falls.
TART, v. i. To move suddenly ; to shrink ; to set
out ; to start up ; to rise suddenly, as into
notice.
START, v. t. To alarm or disturb suddenly, as
game; to bring into motion, as to start a ma-
chinfi; tr> dislor.at.fi, ns t.o start a bone from its
place ; to empty, as to start a cask.
START, n. A sudden motion of the body ; excite-
ment to action ; first movement from a place ; a
projection ; a horn. SYN. Spring ; impulse.
STARTER, n. One that starts or rouses.
STARTFUL, a. Apt to start ; skittish.
START'FUL-NESS, n. Aptness to start.
STARTING-POST, n. A post from which compe-
titors in a race begin the contest.
STARTISH, a. Apt to start.
STARTLE (star'tl), v. t To alarm suddenly; to
impress with fear.
START'LE, v. i. To shrink ; to move suddenly or
be excited on feeling a sudden alarm.
START'LE (stiir'tl), n. A sudden motion or shock
occasioned by an unexpected alarm or danger.
STARTUP, n. An upstart ; a kind of shoe.
STAR-VA'TION, n. The act of suffering or perish-
ing from hunger.
STARVE, v. i. To suffer or perish with hunger or
cold; to endure extreme hunger or want; to be
very indigent.
STARVE, v. t. To kill with hunger ; to subdue by
famine ; to destroy by want; to kill with cold.
STA
445
STE
D6VB, WQLF, BOOK; BOLE, BLL ; Vl"CIOUS.
STARVE'LING, n. He or that which is lean from
hunger ; o. hungry ; pining with want.
STATE, n. Literally, the standing or position of a
thing, as the state of the country ; a body politic
or commonwealth; dignity or appearance of gran- !
deur, as to ride in state; the States-General are the
legislative body in some countries. SYN. Situa-
tion; condition. State (from sto, to stand), is
generic ; the situation of a thing is its state in re-
ference to external objects and influences; its
conditicm is its internal state, or what it is in it-
self considered. Our situaticm is good or bad as
outward things bear favourably or unfavourably
upon us ; our ccmditian is good or bad, according
to the state we are actually in as respects our per-
sons, families, property, and other things which ;
comprise our sources of enjoyment.
STATE, v. t. To express in words or writing ; to
represent. [tied. ,
STATED, a. Occurring at regular times; set-
STAT'ED-LY, ad. At regular periods.
STATE' LI-NESS, n. Grandeur ; loftiness of niien
or manner ; affectation of dignity.
STATE'LY, a. Having the quality of grandeur or I
dignity; elevated in sentiment ; august; majes-
tic ; ad. with pomp ; majestically.
STATE'MENT, n. Act of stating ; account of par-
ticulars ; a series of facts or particulars expressed
on paper.
STATE'-PKlS-ON-ER, n. One charged with poli-
tical offences.
STATE'-ROOM, n. A magnificent room ; an apart-
ment for lodging in a ship's cabin.
STATER, n. The principal gold coin of ancient ;
Greece; it varied in value, but was generally
worth 1 3s. The attic silver tetradrachm was
latterly called stater, and was worth 3s 3d.
STATES, n. pi. Nobility.
STATES'MAN, n.; pi. STATESMEN. One skilled
in the art of government ; a politician.
STATES'MAN-SHIP, n. The qualifications or em-
ployments of a statesman.
STAT'I, >a. Pertaining to bodies at rest or
STAT'I-AL,j in equilibrium ; resting; acting by
mere weig-ht. .
STAT'IC'S, 11. pi. The science which treats of the
forces which keep bodies at rest.
STATION (sta'shun), n. The act or place of stand-
ing ; post or office assigned or occupied ; rank in
society ; a military post ; the post or rendezvous
of the police ; a stopping-place on railways to re-
ceive passengers, &c.
STATION, v. t. To fix in a certain place.
, ( )N-AL, a. Pertaining to a station.
.ON-A-RY, a. Fixed in a place; settled;
not moving.
STA'TION-ER, n. One who sells paper, quills, &c.
STATION-ER-Y, . Articles usually sold by a
stationer, as paper, quills, &c.
STA-TlST'ie, ") a. Pertaining to the civil con-
STA-TIST'I-AL, $ dition of a peorle.
STAT-IS-TI"CIAN (-ttsh'un), n. A person who is
familiar with the science of statistics.
STA-T1ST'IS, n. pi. A collection of facts respect-
ing the civil condition of a people.
STA'TlVE, a. Pertaining to a fixed camp.
STAT'C-A-RY (stat'yu-i, n. Art of carving images ;
a branch of sculpture ; a carver.
STAT'OE (stat'yu), v. t. To place as a statue; to
form a statue of.
STAT'OE, 7i. An image of metal, wood, or stone.
STAT'CRE (st-it'yi.ir), n. The natural height of an
animal, generally of man.
STA'TUS, n. \_L\ The state or condition of a thing,
as status controversial, the state of the contro-
versy, [statute.
STAT'CT-A-BLE, a. Made by or conformable to
STAT'CTE (stat'yute), n. A law enacted by a
Legislature, requiring or prohibiting something ;
a special act of the supreme power. See LAW.
STAT'C-TO-RY, a. Established by statute.
STAUNCH. SeeSTAKCH.
e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; OH at> sn ; THIS.
STAVE, n. ; pi. STAVES. A thin piece of timbei
for making casks ; a staff or part of a psalm.
STAVE, v. t. [pret. and pp. STOVE or STAVED.]
Primarily, to thrust through with a staff ; hence,
to break a hole into or burst ; to push with a
staff, with off; to pour out or suffer to run out by
breaking, as to stare casks ; to delay.
STAY (sta), v. i. [prct. STAID or STATED.] To re-
main ; to stand still ; to continue in a place ; to
stop ; to rely ; to confide in ; to trust.
STAY (sta), v. t. To hold from proceeding ; to re-
strain ; to support or prop up ; to sustain.
STAY (sta), n. Continuance in a place ; abode for
an indefinite time ; stop or cessation of motion ;
prop or support ; moderation ; in sea?nans7iij>,
stays implies the act of going about with shifting
of the sails ; to miss stays is to fail in attempting
to tack.
STAY'-LACE, n. Lace for fastening stays.
STAYS (staze), n. pi. A bodice or waistcoat for
females; station; fixed anchorage ; any support.
STAY'-SAIL (sta'-sale). n. A triangular sail ex-
tended on a stay.
STEAD (sted), n. Place ; room which another had
or might have ; the frame on which a bed is
laid.
STEAD'FAST (stgd'fastj, a. Firm ; constant ; re-
solute ; not wavering or fickle.
STEAD'FAST-LY, ad. With constancy or steadi-
ness of mind ; firmly.
STEAD'FAST-NESS, n. Firmness of standing ;
fixedness of principle ; resolution.
STEAD'I-LY (sted'de-ly), ad. With firmness.
STEAD'I-NESS, n. Firmness of standing or posi-
tion ; consistent, uniform conduct ; constancy.
STEAD'Y (stSd'dy), a. Firm in standing or posi-
tion ; constant in purpose, direction, or pursuit.
SYN. Fixed; regular; undeviating; stable; con-
stant ; uniform.
STEAD'Y, v. t. To hold or keep firm.
STEAK (stake), n. A slice of beef, pork, venison, &c.,
broiled or cut for broiling.
STEAL (steel), v. t. [pret. STOLE; pp. STOLE, STO-
LEN. ] To take unlawfully ; to convey away clan-
destinely; to win by address or imperceptible
means, as to steal the affections. SYN. To filch;
pilfer; purloin.
STEAL, v. i. To withdraw or pass privily ; to ab-
scond; to practise theft; to take feloniously.
STEAL'ER, n. One that steals ; a thief.
ST EALTH (stfilth) , n. Act of stealing ; secret act ;
clandestine practice ; unperceived means employed
to giiiu an object.
STEALTH'FUL, a. Given to stealth.
STEALTH'FiJL-NESS (stclth'-), n. State of being
stealthful.
. HI-LY, ad. By stealth.
STEALTH'Y, a. Done by stealth; clandestine;
unperceived.
STEAM, n. The vapour of water, or the elastic
fluid generated by heating water to the boiling
point ; the mist formed by condensed vapour.
STEAM, v. t. or v. i. To expose to steam ; to rise
pour ; to pass off in vapour.
STEAM'-BOAT, -) n. A vessel propelled by
STE AM'-V ES-SEL, $ steam .
STEAM'-BOIL-ER, n. A boiler for converting
water into steam for supplying a steam-engine or
some purpose in domestic economy.
['-EN-G1NE (-gn-jin), n. An engine worked
by steam.
STEAM'ER. n. A vessel propelled by steam; a
vessel used in washing and cookery.
STEAM'-GAUGE, n. A contrivance for indicating
the pressure within a steam-boiler.
BTEAM'-FACK-ET, n. A packet or vessel propelled
by steam.
STEAM'- WHIS-TLE, n. A pipe attached to a loco-
motive, through which a rapid discharge of ste:un
produces a loud whistle, as a warning or signal.
STE'A-TITE, ji. Soapstoue ; a variety oi talc which
is unctuous to the touch ; speckstein.
STE
446
STE
I, fi, &c., long. 1, , &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
STED'FAST. See STEADFAST.
8TEED, n. A horse ; a horse for state or wax.
STEEL, n. Iron combined with a small but defi-
nite amount of carbon, used in making a variety
of instruments ; figuratively, weapons j particularly,
oifensive weapons ; extreme hardness.
STEEL, v. t. To harden ; to edge with steel.
STEEL'Y, a. Made of steel ; firm ; hard.
STEEL'YAED, n. An instrument for weighing.
STEEP, a. Sloping downward ; greatly inclined.
STEEP, 71. A precipitous place, hill or mountain.
STEEP, v. t. To soak in a liquid ; to macerate.
STEEPER, n. A vat to steep things in. [JFest
Indies.']
STEEPLE (ste'pl), n. A turret or spire of a church.
It differs from a tower, which usually ends in a
square form, though the name is sometimes given
to a tower.
STEEP'LE-eHASE, n. A race over all obstacles in
a straight line towards some distant object, as a
church-steeple.
STEEP'LY, ad. With steepness.
STEEP'NESS, n. Steep descent ; precipitousness.
STEEP'Y, a. Having a steep declivity.
STEEE, 11. A young male of the ox kind.
STEEE, v. t. To direct or govern, particularly the
motion of a vessel by the helm.
STEER, v. i. To be directed and governed ; to con-
duct one's self; to pursue a course or way.
STEE R'AGE, n. The act of directing a ship by the
helm, or the manner in which a ship obeys
her helm ; a part of a ship for an inferior class of
passengers ; that by which a course is directed.
STEER&'MAN, n. One who steers a ship.
STEEVE, v. i. To make an angle with the horizon
or with the line of a vessel's keel.
STEG-A-NGG'RA-PHY, n. Art of writing in ci-
phers, or secret characters.
f ?!L'LA?KY, } a - Pertaining to stars.
o'TEL'LATE, a. Resembling a star ; radiated.
STEL-LIF'ER-OUS, a. Abounding with stars.
STEL'LI-FORM, a. Being in the form of a star.
STfiL'LU-LAR, a. Shaped like little stars.
STE-LOG'RA-PII Y, n. Art of inscribing or writing
characters on pillars.
STEM, n. The main body of a tree or other plant ;
the stock of a family ; in a ship, a piece of timber
at the fore end, to which the sides are joined.
STEM, v. t. To oppose or make progress against,
as a current ; to stop.
STENCH, n. An offensive smell.
STEN'CIL, n. A piece of thin leather, &c., used in
painting walls to imitate paper; the pattern is
cut out, and the colours applied through the per-
foration ; in general, an open-work pattern over
which colours are passed by a brush.
STEN'CIL, v. t. To paint or colour with stencils.
STEN-OG'RA-PHER, n. A writer in short hand.
STEN-O-GRAPH'IC, \a. Expressing in cliax-
STEN-O-GRAPH'I-AL, $ acters or short hand.
STE-NOG'RA-PHY, n. The act of writing in short
hand.
STENT'OR, n. A herald spoken of by Homer who
had a very loud voice ; hence, a person having a
powerful voice.
STEN-TO'RI-AN, a. Like Stentor ; very loud.
STEP, ii. i. or v. t. To move the feet ; to advance
or recede by moving the feet ; v. t. to set, as the
foot ; to erect a mast.
STE L J , n. An advance or movement made by one
removal of the foot ; a pace ; an ascent, as of one
stair ; footprint ; a proceeding, as to take a step ;
round of a ladder ; manner of walking ; gait ; the
support on which a mast or staff rests.
STEP'-BEOTH-ER (-bruth-erj, n. A brother-in-
law or by marriage.
STEP'-CHILD, n. A son or daughter-in-law.
STEP'-FATH-ER, n. A father-in-law ; a father by
marriage only.
STEP'-MOTH-EE (-muth'er), n. A mother by
marriage.
n. Art of cutting solids into
B-ALL, WHAT; THRE, TEEM; MARINE, BtKD; MOVE,
STEPPE (stgp), n. A vast uncultivated plain in
Asia.
STEP'PING-STONE, n. A stone to raise the feet
above the mud ; hence, a means of advancement.
STEP'-SON, n. A son-in-law.
STEP'-STONE, 71. A stone before a door to rise
on.
STER, in composition, is from the Saxon steora a
director, as in the L. minister, chief servant.
STER-CO-RA'CEOUS (-ra'shus), a. Relating to
dung.
STE U-eO-RA'TION, n. The act of manuring with
dung.
STE-RE-O-GRAPHTC, a. Pertaining to stereog-
raphy.
STE-RE-OG'RA-PHY, n. The art of delineating
the forms of solid bodies on a plane
STE-RE-OM'E-TRY, n. Art of measuring solid
bodies.
STE'RE-O-SCOPE, n. An optical instrument
adapted to both eyes for combining two corre-
sponding pictures or projections of an object so
as to exhibit it in relief, or as the object itself
would appear to each eye respectively.
STE-RE-0-ti-CGP'IC, a. Relating to the stereo-
ST S ERE-OT'0-MY,
figures.
STE'RE-O-TYPE, n. Fixed, immovable type;
hence, a plate of fixed or solid metallic types for
printing books ; the art of making plates of fixed
metallic types for printing books.
STE'RE O-TYPE, a. Done on fixed types ; per-
taining to fixed metallic types.
STE'RE-O-TtPE, v. t. To form or compose in fixed
types.
STE'RE-0-TYP-ER, n. One who makes stereo-
types.
STE-RE-O-TY-POG'RA-PHY, n. Printing in ste-
reotype.
STERILE, a. Not producing crops ; not produc-
ing young ; barren ; unfruitful.
STE-RlL'I-TY, n. The quality or state of produc-
ing little or nothing. SYN. Barrenness ; unfruit-
fulness; aridity.
STER'LING (13), u. English money ; standard.
STER'LING, a. Noting English money ; genuine ;
pure ; of excellent quality.
TERN, 7i. The hinder part of a ship or other ves-
sel ; post of management ; direction.
STERN, a. Severe in look ; harsh ; rigid.
STER'NAL, a. Relating to the breast-bone.
STERN'-CHASE. \n. A gun to fire from the
STfiRN'-CHAS-ER, > stern.
STERN'LY, ad. In a severe manner ; harshly.
STERN'MOST, a. Furthest in the rear ; furthest
astern.
STERNNESS, n. The quality of harshness; seve-
rity; moroseness.
STERN'-POST, n. A piece of timber erected on the
extremity of the keel, which terminates the
vessel and supports the helm.
STEE'NUM, n. The breast-bone.
STEK-NU-TA'TION, n. The act of sneezing.
STEE-NC'TA-TlVE. a. Causing to sneeze.
STEE-NC TA-TO-EY, n. That which provokes
sneezing ; a. exciting sneezing.
STERN '-WAY, n. The movement of a ship back-
ward or with her stern foremost.
STER'TO-ROUS, a. Breathing heavily; snoring.
STETH'O-SCOPE, n. [Gr.] An instrument used to
distinguish sounds in the thorax.
STEVE, v. t. To stow, as in a ship's hold. [Local.']
STE'VE-DORE, n. One whose occupation is to
load or unload vessels in port.
STEW (28) (stu), v. t. To seethe or to boil gently $
v. i. to be seethed in a slow, gentle manner.
STEW (stu), n. Meat stewed; a hot-house; r.
brothel; confusion.
STEW'AED (stu'ard), n. A man who manages the
concerns of another's household, estate, &c., an
officer of state; the manager of the table at sea.
STE
447
STO
D6VE, WOLF, BWK ; RULE, Bi'LL; vf'ciou*. as K j 6 as J; s as z ; CnasSH; IHIS.
STEWARD-ESS, n. A female who waits on ladies
in passenger ships.
STEWARD-SHIP (stu'-), n. The office of a
steward.
STlB'I-AL, a. Pertaining to antimony.
STlH (stlk), n. A verse in poetry.
STICK, n. A small or short piece of wood ; certain
instruments, as the composing-stick of printers.
STICK v. t. [pret. and pp. STUCK.] To cause to
enter, as a pointed instrument ; to pierce ; to
fasten by piercing, as to stick a jjin ; to iix in or on,
as in a place or on a point.
STICK, v. i. To adhere by cleavin-r to the sur-
face ; to be closely united to; to be impeded, as
to stick in the mud ; to hesitate or cause embar-
rassment.
STlCK'I-NESS, n. The quality of adhering.
STIK-LA, n. Lac in its natural state adhering
to the t\v :
STICK'LE (stik'kl), v. i. To strive or contend.
STlK'LE-BACK, n. A certain small fish with
spines on its back, from two to fourteen ; band-
stickle.
STlCK'LER, n. One who takes part earnestly ; an
obstinate contender about any thinu'.
STICK'Y, a. Being viscous ; glutinous ; adhesive.
ST'lFF, a. Not easily bent; stubborn; rigid; not
liquid ; formal .
STlFF'.E7N (stlf fn), v. t. or v. i. To make or be-
come stiff.
STlFF'LY, ad. With inflexibility ; stubbornly ; in-
flexibly ; risridly.
STlFF'-NfiCK-ED (-nkt), a. Stubborn; obsti-
nate.
STIFF'NESS, n. Want of pliability ; obstinacy.
STl'FLE (sti'fl), v. t. To stop the breath, as with
smoke ; to extinguish, as to stijle a fire with ashes ;
to suppress, as to style a report ; to check or de-
stroy, as to style convictions.
STl'FLE, n. Joint of a horse next to the buttock ;
a disease in the knee-pan of an animal.
STIG'MA, n.; pi. STIG'MAS; lat. pi. STIG'MA-TA.
A brand, as one made by a burning iron ; any
mark of infamy ; in botany, the top of the pistil.
STIG-IM -a. Marked with a stigma;
STIG-3 . j impressi. :'amy.
STlG'MA-TIZE, v. t. To mark with infamy.
STlG'O-NO-MAN-CY, n. Divination by writing on
the bark of a tree.
STILE, n. A pin on the face of a dial ; set of steps
for passing over a fence or wall.
STl-LET'TU, n. A small dagsrcr ; an instrument to
make eyelet holes ; v. t. to .stab with a stiletto.
STILL, v. t. To stop, as motion, noise, or agita-
tion ; to appease or quiet, as tumult ; to distil
liquors.
STILL, a. Uttering no sound; calm; silent; mo-
tionless ; undisturbed.
STILL, ad. To this time ; nevertheless ; after that.
STILL, n. A vessel or boiler for distillation ; calm ;
silence; freedom from noise [used in poc
3TrL-LA-Tl"TIOUS (stil-la-tish'us), a. Falling in
drops ; drawn by a still.
TlL'LA-TO-RY, n. An alembic ; laboratory.
STI LL'-BORN, a. Dead at the birth ; abortive.
STlLL'ING, n. Act of calming, silencing, orquiet-
iuz ; a stand for c
STILL'-LIFE, n. In painting, things destitute of
life, as dead animals, vegetables. A picture of
still-life is one representing such 1 1 :
STILL'NESS, n. Freedom from noise or motion ;
calm ; quietness ; silence.
STILL'Y, ad. Calmly; quietly; without tumult.
STILT, n. A piece of wood with a rest for the
foot, used in pairs for walking above the ground.
STILT, v. t. To raise on stilts ; to elevate ; to raise
by unnatural means.
STI M'C-LAXT, a. Tending to excite action.
STIM'C-LANT, n. An article which produces a
quickly-diffused and transient increase of vital
energy ; that which tends to excite to action.
STIM'0-LATE, t>. t. literally, to prick or goad;
hence, to excite or rouse to action, either vital or
intellectual.
ST1M-0-LA'TION, n. Act of exciting; increased
action in the body.
STIM'Q-LA-TIVE, n. That which stimulates; a,
x cite action.
STIM'0-LA-TOR, n. He or that which excites.
'. STIM'C'-LL [1.] Something
that increases action in the animal system.
STlNG, v. t. [pret. and pp. STUSG.] To pierce with
the sharp-pointed instrument that certain animals
carry, as the bee, the scorpion, &c. ; to pain acutely,
as remorse stings the conscience.
STlNG, n. A sharp-pointed instrument with which
certain animals are furnished, which they thrust
into those they attack ; the wound made by a
sting ; any thing that gives acute pain ; the point
of an epigram, &c.
STING'ER, n. That which stings or vexes.
STlN'('iI-LY, ad. With mean covetousness.
.1-NESS, n. Mean covetousness.
STlN'GY (stm'jy), a. Meanly covetous; niggardly ;
avaricious ; narrow-hearted [a loio icord.]
STlNK, n. An offensive smell.
STlNK, v. i. [pret. STANK, STUNK; pp. STUNK.] To
emit an offensive smell.
STlNK- ARD, n. A paltry fellow; a burrowing quad-
ruped found in Java, &c.
STINT, n. Quality or limit assigned; a certain
task ; restraint.
STINT, v. t. To restrain within certain limits ; to
assign a certain task in labour.
STlNT'ER, n. He or that which stints.
STIPE, n. A species of stem in a plant.
STI'PEND, n. Settled pay for services; daily or
monthly wages, or annual salary.
STI-PEND'I-A'-RY, a. Receiving a stipend; n.
one who serves for a settled compensation by the
day, month, or year.
STIP'I-TATE, a. Supported by a stipe.
STlP'PLE i stip' pi), v. t. To engrave by dots in dis-
tinction from lines.
STIPPLING, n. A mode of engraving and minia-
ture painting by means of dots.
STIP'C-LA, ) n. A scale at the base of nascent pet-
LE, j ioles and peduncles.
-LAR, a. Formed of stipules or scales.
STlP'0-LATE (sttp'yu-late), a. Having stipules on
STlFtT-LATE, v. i. To make an agreement or
covenant with persons to do or forbear some-
thing ; to contract ; to bargain.
! ( >N, n. An agreement of contract.
-LA-TOR, n. One who contracts.
STlR (17 j, v. t. To move or change place in any
manner ; to agitate or debate, as a question ; to
excite to action; to quicken; to disturb. STN.
To move; rouse; animate; provoke.
STlR, v. i. To move one's self; to go or be carried ;
to rise in the morning.
STlR, n. Agitation or tumult ; public disturbance
or commotion.
STlR'RER, n. One who stirs ; an instigator.
STIR'RUP (stur'rup or sti-r'rup), n. An iron, flat
below and rounded above, fastened to a saddle,
to assist the rider in mounting and preserving his
seat ; a short rope fastened to a yard to sustain
the foot-rope.
STITCH, v. t. To sew loosely or slightly; v. i. to
o stitchinsr.
STITCH, n. Single pass of a needle ; sharp pain;
the space between two double furrows in i
round; a link of yarn. [pain.
/.), n. pi. Sharp twinges of
STlTCH'-WORT, 11. An herbace9us plant with
white flowers of the genus skellaria, of which one
of the species is conmnon chickweed.
STITH'Y, n. A smith's anvil, [local],
! It, n. A Dutch pennypiece.
;;. t. In seamen'* language, to choke.
STOAT, n. An animal of the weasel kind ; tl*
ermine.
STO
448
STO
1, fi, &c., long. I, t, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST
STO-ADE', n. A stab or thrust with a rapier ;
a fence or barrier made with stakes or posts
planted in the earth.
STO-ADE', ) v. t. To fortify with pointed
STOCK-ADE', } stakes.
STOCK, n. Primarily, that which is set or fixed ;
hence (1.) a stem, or main body from which things
branch out, as the stocfc of a tree, of an anchor, of
a family, &c. ; (2.) that in which any thing is set
or fixed, as a gun-stock, stock and bits ; an article
worn round the neck ; so the stocks are a frame
in which a person is set for punishment or on
which a ship is built ; (3.) a fixed or permanent
source of supply, as a stocfc of goods, the stocfc of a
farm ; money invested, as property in the stocfcs ;
(4.) any thing fixed, solid and senseless, as he
stood like a stock. A stocfc piay is one of perma-
nent interest.
STOCK, v. t. To furnish or store, as a shop with
goods, or a farm with cattle.
STOCK-ADE', ") 7i. A sharpened stake or post ; a
STO!-eA DE', $ line of posts for a barrier.
STOCK'-BRO'KEK, n. A broker dealing in stocks
or shares in public funds.
STpCK'-FlSH, n. Cod dried hard without salt.
STOCK'HOLD-ER, n. One who owns stock or shares
in any public funds.
STOCK'ING, n. A covering for the leg and foot.
STOCK'-JOB-BER, n. One who speculates in the
funds, or who buys and sells stocks.
STOCK'-JOB-BINO, n. The act or art of dealing
in the public funds or stocks.
STOCK'-STlLL, a. Still as a stock ; motionless.
STOCK'Y, a. Thick ; stout and firm.
STO / I, n. One who affects insensibility to pain
or passion ; a disciple of the philosopher Zeno.
STO'I, 5 a. Pertaining to Stoicism; unfeel-
STO'I-AL, j ing.
STO're-AL-LY, ad. In the manner of the Stoics.
STO'I-AL-NE3S, n. The state of being stoical.
STO'I-CISM. 71. System of the Stoics; insensi-
bility.
STO'KER, n. One who looks after the fire in a
brewery, steamer, locomotive, &c.
STO'LA, n. ; pi. STO'L&. A long garment descend-
ing to the ankles, worn by Konian women.
STOLE, ?i. A long vestment ; a sucker. Groom of
the stole, the first lord of the bed-chamber in the
household of the Sovereign of England.
STOL'ID, a. Manifesting dullness of intellect;
foolish; stupid.
STO-LlD'I-TY, n. Dullness of intellect; stupidity.
STO'LON, 7i. A sucker ; a shoot ; a runner, as in
the strawberry.
STOM'AH (stum'ak), 71. The organ of digestion;
appetite ; obstinacy.
STOM'AH (stum'ak), v. t. To brook or endure
without resentment ; to resent ; v. i. to be angry.
STOM'A-CHER (stum'a-cher), n. Something worn
on the breast.
STOM'AH-FI T L, o. Loth to submit ; sullen.
STO-M A H'l , > o. Tending to strengthen the
STO-MACIH'IO-AL, j stomach.
STOM'AU-LESS (stum'-), o. Being without ap-
petite.
STONE, 7i. A mass of concreted earthy or mineral
matter ; a precious gem ; a calculous concretion
in the kidneys or bladder; a testicle; the nut
of certain fruits, as the peach ; a denomination of
weight, 14 pounds ; a monument to the memory
of the dead. See ROCK.
STONE, a. Made of or like stone.
STONE, t;. t. To pelt or kill with stones ; to free
from stones, as raisins j to wall a hole with
stones.
STONE'-BLIND, o. Perfectly blind.
STONE-CHAT, n. A small .bird of the passerine
order.
STONE'-OAL, n. Hard mineral coal.
STONE'-etJT-TEE, n. One who hews stone.
STONE'-FRtTIT, n. Fruit that contains a stone,
as peaches, cherries, &c.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TiRM ; MARINE, BtRD; MOVE,
, STONE'-HOESE, n. A horse not castrated.
STON'EE, n. One who beats or kills with stones ;
one who walls with stone.
STONE'-STILL, a. Motionless as a stone.
STONE'-WARE, n. A species of potter's ware.
STON'I-NESS, n. Abundance of stones ; hardness.
STONT, a. Consisting of stones ; full of stones ;
hard; unrelenting.
STOOK, n. A collection of sheaves set up in the
field, usually twelve.
STOOL, 7i. A seat without a back ; a little form
consisting of a board with three or four legs, in-
tended as a seat for one person ; an evacuation ;
the root or stem of a shrub when cut off near the
ground.
STOOP, v. i. To bend forward; to descend from
rank or dignity; to come down on prey, as a
hawk; to alight from the wing. SYN. To lean;
yield ; submit ; condescend ; cower.
STOOP, 7i. Act of bending forward or descending;
fall of a bird on his prey ; a porch of a door with
steps ; a vessel of liquor.
STOP, v. t. To close, as an aperture, by filling or
obstructing ; to render impassable ; to check mo-
tion or arrest progress ; to regulate musical notes.
SYN. To obstruct ; impede ; restrain ; suppress ;
delay; intercept.
STOP, v. i. To cease to go forward ; to cease from
any motion or course of action.
STOP, 7i. Cessation or hinderance of motion or
action ; obstacles ; impediment ; the instrument
which regulates the sounds in wind-music ; a
point in writing or printing.
STOP'-OCK, n. A pipe for letting out a fluid,
stopped by turning a cock.
STOPPAGE, n. State of being stopped or inter-
rupted.
STOP'PEE, n. That which closes or fills a hole 01
vent ; he or that which stops; a short rope.
STOP'PER, v. t. To secure with a stopper.
STOFPLE (stop'pl), n. That which is used to close
a bottle.
STOE'AGE, n. A putting in store ; price of stor-
in.
EAX, n. An aromatic resin used in medicine
as an expectorant.
STORE, 71. A large number or quantity ; a stock
laid up or provided ; a warehouse ; in America, a
place for the sale of goods. SYN. Shop. We call
the place where goods are sold (however large or
splendid it may be) a s7iop, and confine the word
store to its original meaning, viz., a warehouse or
place where goods are stored.
STORE, v. t. To furnish ; to supply abundance; to
replenish ; to stock against a future time ; to put
away for preservation.
STORE'-HOUSE, n. A building for keeping goods
of any kind ; a warehouse or repository.
STORES, n. pi. Arms, ammunition, provisions for
subsistence, clothing, &c.
STOR'6E, n. [Gr.] Parental affection.
STO'RLED (sto'rid), a. Having stories; adorned
with historical paintings ; related in story.
STOHK, 7i. A large fowl of the herou kind.
STORK'S-BILL, n. A plant, hairy and somewhat
clammy, with rose-coloured flowers.
STORM, n. Storm (from the root of stir) is violent
agitation, a commotion of the elements by wind,
&c., but not necessarily implying the fall of any
thing from the clouds. A tempest (L. tempestas) is one
of those sudden and violent storms common on the
coast of Italy, where the term originated, and is
usually attended by a deluge of rain, with light-
ning and thunder.
STORM (20), v. t. To enter by assault ; to attack
and attempt to take by scaling the walls ; v. i. to
raise a tempest ; to rage ; to blow with violence.
STORM'-BfiAT, a. Beaten or impaired by storms.
STORM'I-NESS, n. Tempestuousness ; the state
of being agitated by violent winds.
STORM'-SAIL, n. A strong sail used in gales.
Agitated with fuiious winds.
ing.
STO'E
STO
449
STR
D&YE, WQLF, BQOK ; R^LE, ByLL; Vr"CIOUS. as K 5 6 &S J; &3 Z CH as 8H; *HIS.
STP.AITLY, ad. In a narrow or close manner;
strictly.
STRAITNESS, n. The quality or state of narrow-
ness or closeness ; pressure from necessity ;
poverty ; strictness, as of life.
STRAIT-WAIST-OAT, ") n. An apparatus to con-
STRAIT-JACK-ET, j fine the limbs of a dis-
tracted person.
STRAKE, n. The tire of a wheel ; a streak.
STRA-MlN'E-OUS, a. Consisting of straw.
STRA-MO'NI-UM,) n. The thorn-apple, of much
STRAM'0-NY, f use in medicine.
STRAND, n. Shore of the sea or of a lake ; one of
the twists or parts of which a rope is composed.
STRAND, v. t.orv. t. To drive or be driven on
shore.
STRANGE, a. Not before heard or seen ; causing
surprise ; not common ; rarely met with ; un-
known or unacquainted. SYX. New; foreign;
wonderful; astonishing; unusual; odd; quaint,
which see.
STRANGE'LY, ad. In an unusual or remarkable
way.
STRANGE'NESS, n. The quality or state of singu-
larity or oddness ; distance ; coldness; or aliena-
tion of manner; estrangement; the power of ex-
citing surprise.
STR A N 'G E R , n . A foreigner ; a guest.
STRANG'GLE (strang'gl), v. t. or . i. To destroy
life by stopping respiration ; to hinder from birth
or appearance. SYN. To choke; suffocate; sup-
press ; smother.
STRANG'GLER, n. One who strangles.
STRANG'GL-ES (strang'glz), n. pi. Swellings in a
horse's throat.
STRANG-GU-LATION (strang-gu-la'shun), n. Tho
act of strangling ; suffocation.
STRANG-GO'RI-OUS, a. Labouring under stran-
gury ; of the nature of strangury.
STRANG'GU-RY (strang'gu-ry), n. Difficulty of
discharing urine.
STRAP, n. A long strip of leather or cloth; an
instrument for sharpening a razor ; an iron plate
for connecting timbers.
STRAP, v. t. To beat with a strap; to chastise;
to bind with a strap ; to sharpen a razor on a
strap.
STRAP-PA'DO, n. A military punishment by draw-
ing an offender to the top of a beam, and letting
11; v. t. to torture.
STRASS, . A colourless glass, which is the base
of all artificial gems.
STRATA, n. pi Beds ; layers, as of stones or
earth.
STRATA-GEM, n. A trick or artifice by which
some advantage is intended to be gained, parti-
cularly in i
STRA i -AL, a. Containing artifice.
STRA'J - Pertaining to strategy.
STRATE-GIST, n. One skilled in the act of direct-
ing military movements.
STRAT'E-G Y, n. Generalship ; that branch of mili-
tary science which consists in teaching or know-
ing how to conduct great military movements;
the science of military command.
STRATH, n. A considerable valley through which
water flows.
STR ATH'SPE Y, 71. The valley of the Spey ; a lively
.and dance.
STRAT-I-FI-A'TION, n. A forming into strata.
STRATT-FT, v. t. To form into strata or layers.
STRATI-FORM, a. In the form of strata.
STRA-TO"RA-CY, n. Government by an army.
STRA-TGG'RA-PHY, n. Description of ar^.
of what belongs to armies.
S'J'RA TUM, 7U ; pi. STKA'TA. A layer; bed; seam;
bend.
STRATUS, n. A cloud consisting of extensive
horizontal layers.
STRAW, n. A stalk of grain, pulse, &c. ; mass of
stalks ; any thing proverbially wort i
i.read or scatter. See STBEW.
(stSrt'ing), n. The Parliament of Nor-
way, elected once in three years.
STO'RY, n. A verbal narration of a series of facts ;
history ; a tale ; loft of a house.
STO'RY, v. t. To tell in historical relation ; to re-
late ; to describe.
STO'RY-TELL-ER, n. One who tells stories; a
narrator of a series of incidents.
STOT, n. A horse, obsolete; a young bullock or
steer.
STOUT (stoop or stoup), n. A vessel or measure
for liquids.
STOUT, a. Being strong or large ; thick-set; brave ;
resolute. SYN. Corpulent. Stout, in our early
writers, was used chiefly or wholly in the sense
of strong or bold, as a st out champion, a stout heart,
&c. At a later period it was used for thick-set or
bulky ; and more recently the idea has been car-
ried still further, so that Taylor says in his
fyuonyms, >' The stout man (from stot, an ox) has
the proportions of an ox ; he is corpulent, fat and
fleshy in relation to his size."
STODT, n. Strong malt liquor.
STOUT'LY, ad. With strength; lustily; bravely.
STOUTNESS, 71. The quality of strength ; bravery;
resolution.
STOVE, n. An iron box or cylinder in which fire
is kept for warmth or culinary purposes.
STOVE, v. t. To keep warm by means of artificial
heat.
STO'VER, n. Fodder for cattle.
STOW (sto), v. t. To put in a suitable place or po-
sition ; to lay up.
STOWAGE, n. Act of stowing; room for receiv-
ing.
STRA'BISM, >!. A squinting; the act or habit
BTRA-BISIIUS, 5 oflooking asquint,
STRADDLE, v. t. or v. i. To walk wide; to part
the legs.
STRAG'GLE, v. i. To wander from the direct
course ; to ramble ; to rove.
STRAG'GLER, n. One who quits the way ; a vaga-
bond.
STRAIGHT (strate), o. Not deviating or crooked;
according with justice; upright; direct; narrow
or close.
STRAIGHT, ad. Directly ; in the shortest time.
rfit'n), . t. To make straight.
STRAlGHTEN-EIi (stra'tn-er), n. That which
straightens.
STRAIGHT'-FOR-WARD (strate'-), o. Proceeding
in a straight course ; not deviating.
STRAIGHTLY, ad. In a direct line ; tightly.
STRAJGHTNESS, (strate'uess), n. The quality oi
directness ; rectitude.
STRAIGHTWAY, ad. Immediately.
STRAIKS, n. pi. Plates of iron on the circum-
ference of a cannon wheel, over the joints of the
fellies.
STRAIN (strane), v. t. Literally, to stretch ; hence,
to draw with force ; to extend with effort ; to
cause to draw with effort ; to injure by stretching,
as to strain, the arm ; to purify by filtering, as to
strain milk, &c. ; to bind closely by drawing.
STRAIN, v. i. To make violent effort ; to be filter-
ed.
STRAIN, n. A violent effort ; an injury by such
effort ; style in writing or speaking ; tendency or
disposition ; a song or note of music.
STRAIN'ER, n. An instrument for nitration.
STRAIN'ING-PIECE, n. A piece of timber used to
prevent the nearer approach of other two pieces
of timber.
STRAIT, a. Not broad; narrow; not crooked ;
strict; rigorous.
STRAIT, n. generally used in the pi A narrow
pass ; distress ; difficulty.
STRAITEN (53J (stra'tn), v. t. To make narrow ;
to contract ; to make tense or tiyht ; to distress ;
to press by poverty or other nece^
STRAIT-LACED (-laste), a. Laced tight; stiff;
rigid. 29
STB
450
STB
1, fi, &c., long. 1, S, &c., short. CABE, FAB, LAST,
STR. \WBER-RY, n. A plant and its fruit, which
is of delicious flavour.
STRAW'-6L-OUR, n. A yellowish colour.
STRAW'-UT-TER, n. An instrument for cutting
straw or chaff.
STRAWY, o. Made of straw ; like straw.
STRAY (stra), v. t. To wander from an inclosure
or from the path of duty ; to rove ; to deviate ; to
err ; meander.
STRAY (stra),n. A beast that wanders from its
owner ; a stroll.
STREAK (streek), n. A line of colour ; a stripe ; a
ray ; a uniform range of planks on a ship's side.
STREAK (streek), v. t. To form streaks or stripes ;
to variegate with different colours ; to stretch.
STREAK'Y, o. Striped ; variegated in coloured
lines.
STREAM (streem), n. Literally, a continuous flow-
ing, as of wind, words 5 &c. ; the most rapid part
of a river is called the stream ; a correspondent
flow in the ocean is called the Gulf Stream ; a
small river, whose flow is most obvious to the
eye, is called a stream. SYN. Current. Current
(L. curro) gives us but one idea, that of running ;
stream adds the idea of this onward flow being the
result of some uniform force ; hence we speak of
a shifting current and a steady stream. There are
many currents in the ocean, but there is only one
Gulf Stream,
STREAM, v. i. To move or run in a continuous
current ; to flow ; to pour out in abundance ; to
shoot out in streaks ; to stretch in a long line.
STREAM, v. t. To mark with colours or embroid-
ery in long lines or streaks.
STREAM'ER, n. A flag or flowing pennon.
STREAM'LET, n. A small stream; a rivulet j a
rill.
STREAM% a. Flowing with a current.
STREEK, v. t. To lay out, as a dead body.
8TREET, n. A way or road in a city lined with
houses ; a highway. See ROAD.
STREET'- WALK-ER (-wauk-), n. A prostitute
that offers herself in the street.
STRENGTH, n. That property or quality of an
animal body by which it is enabled to move it-
self or other bodies ; firmness ; solidity or tough-
ness ; power or vigour of any kind ; support ; in-
tellectual force j spirit ; animation ; confidence ;
maintenance of power. SYN. Robustness; vigour ;
stoutness; hardness; endurance; force, which
see.
STRENGTHEN (streng'thn), v. t. or v. i. To
make or become strong or stronger. SYN. To in-
vigorate ; confirm ; establish ; fortify ; encourage.
STRENGTH'i'N-ER (53), n. That which gives
strength.
STRENGTH'LESS, a. Destitute of strength.
STREN'C-OUS (strSn'yu-us), a. Eagerly pressing
or urgent; vigorous; bold and active: intrepid
and ardent.
STREN'0-OUS-LY, ad. With eager zeal ; vigour-
ously ; boldly.
STREN'0-OUS-NESS, n. Ardour in the pursuit of
an object ; eagerness ; earnestness.
STRESS, n. Pressure; force; importance; strain;
accent; urgency.
STRETCH, v. t. To draw out to greater length ; to
extend or spread ; to exaggerate.
STRETCH, v. i. To be extended ; to be drawn out
in length or breadth, or both ; to sally beyond
the truth ; to exaggerate ; to strain beyond the
truth ; to make violent efforts in running.
STRETCH, n. Extension in length, breadth, &c. ;
extent; reach; effort; course; tack.
STRETCH'ER, n. One that stretches; a piece of
timber ; a narrow plank for boat-rowers ; a board
on which a corpse is stretc7ied previous to being
coffined.
STREW (stru or stro), v. t. To scatter ; to spread
by scattering ; to spread or scatter loosely.
STRl'^ffi (strl'e), n. pi. Small channels in the shells
of cockles ; fillets between the flutes of columns.
FALL, WHAT J THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BfRD ; MOVE,
STRI'ATE, -)a. Formed with small parallel chan
STRI'A-TED, 5 nels or lines ; streaked.
STRICK'EN, a. Afflicted; advanced; far gone.
STRlCK'LE (strik'kl), n. An instrument to strike
grain to a level with the measure ; a strike.
STRl-GT, a. Drawn close or tight ; tense ; rigour-
ously nice or exact ; not mild or indulgent ; con-
fined or limited. SYN. Severe. Strict (L. strictus)
points a person or thing, as one that binds closely
or keeps under control, as strict in discipline,
strict rules, &c. ; severe marks a readiness or dis-
position to inflict pain. Strict is therefore ordi-
narily taken in a good sense; severe in a bad one,
except where peculiar circumstances demand pu-
nishment.
STRl^T'LY, ad. With closeness, rigour, or severity.
STRlT'NESS, n. Exactness in the observance of
rules, &c.; closeness; rigour; severity.
STRlT'0RE (strlkt'yur or strik'chure) , n.
Literally, a pressing hard; hence, a straining or
morbid contraction, as a stricture on the chest ;
figuratively, a pressing hard upon in the way of
criticism or remark, as strictures upon a work ;
a critical examination ; censure.
STRI DE, 7i. A long step.
STRIDE, v. i. \pret. STRID, STRODE; pp. STRID,
STRIDDEN.] To take long steps ; to straddle.
STRIDE, v. t. To pass over at a step.
STRl'DOR, n. A harsh, creaking noise.
STRI D'U-LOUS, a. Making a creaking sound.
STRIFE, n. Discord; exertion or contest for
superiority ; opposition ; rivalry j quarrel ; war.
STKIFE'FUL, a. Contentious; quarrelsome.
STRI-GOSE', a. Set with stiff lanceolate bristles.
STRIKE, n. The ceasing from work and demand-
ing higher wages ; the period of such cessation ;
an instrument with a straight edge for levelling ;v
measure of grain ; the direction of the edge of
strata at the surface.
STRIKE, v. i. To make a quick blow or thrust ;
to hit or dash against ; to sound by hitting ; to
run upon or be stranded ; to penetrate ; to lower
a flag in respect or submission j to combine for
higher wages.
STRIKE, v. t. To touch or hit with force; to
stamp or impress, as coin ; to make to penetrate,
as to strike deep ; to make and ratify, as to strikt
a bargain ; to affect by a sudden impression, as
to strike favourably ; to run on or ground, as a
ship ; to level measures of grain ; with off, to
separate or deduct ; with out, to produce or erase.
STRIK'ER, n. One who strikes; in Scripture, a
quarrelsome man.
STRlK'IMG, a. Affecting; strong; forcible; im-
pressive ; exact.
STRIK'ING-LY, ad. In a forcible manner ; impres-
sively.
STRING, 7i. A slender line or cord; a series.
STRING, v. t. [pret. and pp. STRUNG.] To furnish
with strings ; to put on strings ; to make tense.
STRiN'GEN-CY, n. Urgency; severe pressure.
STRlN'GENT, a. Binding closely ; urgent; press-
ing hard.
STRING'-HALT, n. A twitching of the legs in
horses, corrupted into spring-halt.
STRING'I-NESS, n. The quality of being stringy.
STRlNGTf, a. Consisting of strings ; ropy ; viscid;
fibrous.
STRIP, v. t To pull or tear off, as a covering ; to
deprive of ; to divest ; to plunder or pillage.
SYN. To peel ; skin; rob ; unrig.
STRIP, n. A narrow shred ; a slip or long piece.
STRIPE, n. A line of a different colour from the
ground-work; affliction; punishment; suffering.
STRIPE, v t To form with lines in various colours.
STKIP'LING, n. A young man ; a lad.
STRIPPING*, ft. i>l. The last milk drawn from a
cow at a an
STRIVE, v. i. pret. STROVE; pp. STRIVEN.] To
make efforts ; to contend ; to struggle in opposi-
tion to another. SYN. To vie; emulate; endea-
vour ; conte.it ; aim.
STR
4151
STU
DOTE, WOLF, BQQK; R^LE, BULL; vl"cious
STRIVES, n. One who makes efforts.
STROBTL, n. In botany, a pericarp, formed of
scales, as the cone of the pine.
STROKE, n. The striking of one thing against
another ; a blow ; a sudden attack, as of disease
or death ; the touch of a pencil; a dash in writing 1
or printing ; a masterly effort, as a bold stroke ;
the sweep of an oar in rowing.
STROKE, v. t. To rub gently ; to make smooth.
STROKES'MAN, n. In rowing, the man who rows
the aftmost oar, and whose stroke guides the
rest.
STROLL, v. i. To ramble idly or leisurely; to
rove ; to wander.
STROLL, n. A wandering on foot leisurely; a
ramble; a walk; excursion.
STROLL'EK, n. One who roves about idly; a
wanderer ; a vagrant.
STROM'BUS, n. A genus of marine shell-fish.
ST1;< >XG, a. Having great power to do or endure :
not easily subdued; having great resources or
force ; forcibly affecting, as the taste, smell, &c. :
earnest, as a strong purpose; bright, as a strong
light. SYN. Vigorous; powerful; solid; firm;
hardy ; cogent ; valid ; robust, which see.
STR' T), a. More strong.
STKi >N < , I-:ST (strong'gest), a. Most strong.
STRONGHOLD, n. A fortress; fort or fortified
place ; fastness.
STRONG'LY, ad. With power; forcibly; fully.
STliO.vriAX, n. A white caustic substance,
classed among the earths.
STROP, n. A strap (which see) ; a piece of rope
spliced into a wreath for suspending a block.
STRO'PHE, n. A stanza in poetry ; the first mem-
ber of an ode.
BTROW (stro), v. t. {yret. STREWED; pp. STREWED,
STROWN.] See STREW.
l 'CR-AL (striikt'yur-al), a. Pertaining to
structure.
STROT'CRE (strtikt'yur), n. Internal constitu-
tion or organization ; a building of any kind ; a
fabric.
STRt't i'GLE, v. i. Properly, to strive or make ef-
forts with twisting of the body; hence, to use
great efforts ; to labour in pain or anguish. SYN.
To strive; contend; labour; endeavour, which
see.
STRCG'GLE, n. Great labour; vigorous effort;
agony.
' ;LEK, n. One who struggles.
STRUGGLING, n. The act of striving; vehement
STRC^MA, n. Scrofula ; the king's evil.
STRU'MOUS, a. Having swellings in the glands.
! ' I.T, n. A prostitute; a lewd woman.
STRUM'PET, a. Like a strumpet; false.
STRDT, n. A proud affected step or walk.
STRCT, v. i. To walk affectedly with lofty steps,
and erect head.
STRU'THI-OUS, a. Pertaining to or resembling
the ostrich.
-A, > n. A vegetable alkaloid, obtain -
STKtH'NlNK, j ed from nux vomica; a valuable
narcotic used as a medicine, out poisonous when
taken in o
. The stump of a tree ; a log.
. up by the roots.
STUB'BED, a. Short and thick ; truncated.
STUB I -. Shortness with thickness.
STUB'BLE (stub'bl), n. The stumps of wheat, rye,
&c., left in the ground.
STUBBORN, a. Inflexibly fixed in opinion or pur-
pose. SYN. Obstinate. Stubborn describes a high
degree of obstinacy. He who is obstinate is one
who will not yield to appeals to reason ; he who
is stubborn grows more obstinate the more clearly
his unreasonableness is exposed.
LY, ad. With obstinacy
, n. Perverse and unreasonable
obstinacy.
STOB'BY, a. Full of stubs ; short and thick.
-e as K ; 6asj; as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
STCB'-NAIL, n. A short, thick nail.
STU'O, n. A plaster for walls, particularly thai
made of lime, whiting, and pounded marble
work made of stucco.
STfJ!'!O, v. t. To plaster with stucco ; to overlay
with fine plaster.
STUD, n. A small piece of timber used in build-
ing ; a set of horses ; an ornamental button ; a
large-headed nail.
STUD, v. t. To set or adorn with studs.
STfJD'DING-SAIL, n. In navigation, a, sail set
beyond the principal sails in light winds.
STU'DENT, n. One who studies or examines; a
learner ; a bookish man ; a scholar.
STUD'-HORSE, n. A horse for breeding.
sTUD'IED (stdd'did), a. Well versed in any branch
of learning ; premeditated.
STUD'IA'D-LY (stud'did-), ad. With attention.
S TULVI-ER, n. One who studies ; a student.
STU'DI-O, n. ; pi. STU'DI-OS. The work-shop of a
sculptor, less properly applied to other art
STU'DI-OUS, a. Given to study; attentive; con-
templative ; planned with study.
S PU'DI-OUS-LY, ad. With close application.
STU'DI-OUS-NESS, n. Close application to study.
S TtJDT, n. Literally, a setting of the mind on a
subject ; hence, application to books or science ;
attention ; a room for study.
STUDT, v. i. To apply the mind ; to endeavour
diligently ; r. t. to apply the mind to ; to consider
attentively.
STU'FA, n. fit.] A jet of steam issuing from a
fissure in the earth.
STUFF, n. Any mass of matter ; materials of
which anything is made ; that which fills any
thing; cloth, as woollen stuffs ; what is trifling or
worthless.
STUFF, v. t. To feed gluttonously.
STOFF, v. t. To fill or thrust into; to swell out
by filling; to obstruct by filling; to crowd; to
cram.
STUFF'ING, n. That which is used for filling;
seasoning of meat ; that which is put into meat
to give it a higher relish.
STUi.'TI-FY, v. t. To make or prove to be foolish ;
in law, to allege or prove to be insane for avoiding
some act.
STUM, n. Grape juice unfermented.
[, v. t. To renew by fermentation.
STCM'BLE, v. i. To trip in walking; to err ; to
slide into a crime or an error; to light on by
chance or without design.
STUM'BLE, v. i. To obstruct in progress ; to con-
found or puzzle.
STOM'BLL, 11. A trip in walking or running; a
false p ; a blunder.
ER, n. One that stumbles.
S I'UM'BLI N G-BLOCK, ) n. A cause of stumbling ;
; : LING-S I ONE, y an occasion of offence.
STL M'BLING-LY, ad. In a stumbling manner.
STUMP, n. The stub of a tree ; the part of a tree,
human limb, &c., remaining after a part is de-
stroyed or amputated ; one of the sticks of a
wicket ; a place for haranguing on political sub-
jects, as to take the stump ; r. t. to address on
political subjects, as to stump a district, &c.
STU.MP'-OR-A-TOR, n. A person who harangues
from a stump or other elevation. ( U. S. )
i'Y, a. Full of stumps.
. t. To make senseless with a blow ; to
overpower or make dizzy by noise.
, v. t. To hinder from growth.
3TOPE, n. Clot li lor fomentation; v. t. to foment.
STU-PE-FA'TION, n. A stupid or senseless
state; insensibility; stupidity; torpor.
[], a. Causing insensibility.
STU'PE-FI-ER, n. That which stupefies.
SL'C'PE-FY, v. t. To make stupid or dull ; to de-
prive of sensibility or material motion.
ily, striking dumb by its
magnitude; hence, astonishing; wonderful; of
astonishing magnitude or elevation.
STU
452
SUB
I, fi, &c., long. I, E, 4c., short. ciRi, !R, Lisr, AJ-L, WHT ; THERE, TSRM ; MA.RIIT B, B!RD ; MOVE,
STU-PN'DOUS-LY, ad. In a manner to ercite
astonishment.
STU-PE N DO US-NESS, n. The quality or state of
being stupendous.
STO'PID, a. Very dull; insensible; wanting un
derstanding ; heavy ; sluggish ; formed without
skill or genius. See SILLY.
STU-PlD'I-TY, > 11. Extreme dullness of percep-
STO'PID-NESS, $ tion. SYN. Insensibility; slug-
gishness ; senselessness ; sottishness.
STO'PID-LY, ad. With extreme dullness; with
suspension of understanding ; absurdly.
STOTOR, n. Great diminution or suppression of
sensibility ; numbness.
STO'PRATE, v. t. To violate chastity by force ; to
debauch.
STU-PRA'TION, n. Violation of chastity by force.
STOR'DI-LY, ad. With stoutness ; hardily; boldly.
STOR'DI-NESS, n. The quality of stoutness; bru-
tal strength.
STOR'DY, a. Bluntly obstinate ; characterized by
great strength or hardness. SYN. btout; hardy;
firm; forcible.
STOR'GEON, n. A large cartilaginous fish, valued
for food, and yielding caviare, &c.
STCTTER, v. i. To hesitate in uttering words;
to stammer.
STOTTER-ER, n. One that stammers.
STY, . A pen for swine ; an inflamed tumour on
the edge of the eyelid ; a place of debauchery.
ST?, v. t. To shut up in a sty.
ST YG'I-AN, a. Pertaining to the River Styx ; hence,
infernal; dark; black.
STYLE, n. Manner of writing, speaking, or reckon-
ing time, or doing other things ; title ; pin of a
dial ; filament of a pistil. See DICTION.
STYLE, v. t. To entitle in addressing or speaking
of. SYN. To call ; name ; denominate.
STY'LET, n. A small poniard or dagger.
STYL'ISH, a. Being in fashionable form or man-
ner ; showy ; fine.
STY-LOG'KA-PHY, n. The art or mode of tracing
lines with a style on prepared paper.
STYP TI, ) a. Restraining bleeding j astrin-
STYPTMJ-AL,j gent.
STYP'Tie, n. A medicine which has an astringent
quality.
STY'ROLE, n. A peculiar hydrocarbon obtained
from liquid storax.
STYX, n. In mythology, a river of the lower world,
which was to be crossed in passing to the regions
of the dead.
SO'A-BLE, a. That may be sued.
SUA'SI-BLE (swa'se-bl), a. That may be persuaded.
SUA'SION (swa'zhun), n. Act of persuading.
SUA'SlVE, o. Tending to persuade.
SUA'SO-RY (swa'so-ry), a. Able or tending to per-
suade ; having the quality of convincing and draw-
ing by argument or reason.
SUA-VIL'O-QUY, a. Sweetness of speech.
SUAV'I-TY (swuv'-), n. Sweetness or pleasantness;
as suavity of manners, &c.
SUB. A Latin preposition, extensively used in
English as a prelix ; under ; below ; subordinate.
SUB-AC'Ip, a. Moderately acid or sour.
SUB-A'RID, a. Moderately acrid or sharp.
SUB-A'TION, n. Act of beating together.
SUB-A-E'RI-AL, a. In the open air, as a subaerial
volcano.
SO'BAH. n. In India, a province; a viceroyship.
tiultalidar, the native governor of a province; a
native officer in the army.
SUBAL-TERN, a. Inferior; subordinate ; that in
different respects is both superior and inferior.
[Used cliiejly oj military officers.]
SOB'AL-TEKN, n. An interior officer.
SUB-AL-TERN'ATE, a. Succeeding by turns ; suc-
cessive.
SUB-A'QUE-OUS, o. Being under the surface of
SUB-ASTRAL, o. Being beneath the stars ; ter-
restrial.
SUB-AS-TRlN'GENT, a. Slightly astringent.
SUB-AU-D1"TION (-dlsh'un), n. The act of un.
derstauding something not expressed.
SOB'-BASE, n. In music, the deepest notes of the
organ produced by the pedal stops.
SUB-BASE'MENT, n. A solid structure on which
a building rests.
SUB-OM-MIT'TEE, n. An under committee.
SUB-'ON'TRAT, n. A contract under a previous
contract.
SUB-eON-TRA-GT'OR, n. A person who takes a
sub-contract.
SUB-DA'ON, n. An under deacon.
SUB-DI-VIDE , v. t. To divide into smaller parts.
SUB-DI- VISION (-de-vlzh'un), n. A part of a di-
vision.
SUB-DOM'I-NANT, n. In music, the fourth note
above the tonic, being under the dominant.
SUB-DO' A-BLE, o. That may be overcome
SUB-DOT', v. t. To subtract by arithmetical cal-
culation ; to withdraw.
SUB-D0'TION, n. The act of taking away.
SUB-DOE' (28) (sub-du'), v. t. To conquer by su-
perior power; to reduce to subjection; to over-
come by persuasion ; to soften ; to melt ; to re-
duce to tenderness. See CONQUER.
SUB-DO'ER, n. One who subdues ; that which de-
stroys the force of.
SO'BER-Id, a. Pertaining to cork.
SUB-I-TA'NE-OUS, a. Sudden; quick.
SU'BI-TO [It.j In music, quick.
SUB-JA'CENT, a. Being under or lower ; being in
a lower situation, though not directly beneath.
S0B'JET, a. Placed or situate under ; being un-
der authority; liable; being that on which any
thing operates, whether intellectual or material.
SYN. Tributary; subordinate; inferior; ex-
posed ; liable, which see.
SUB'JECT, n. One who is under the power of an-
other ; a matter in discussion ; that on which any
mental or physical operation is performed ; that
in which any thing inheres or exists ; the hero of
a piece. The subject of a proposition is that of
which any thing is affirmed by the predicate.
SUB-JET', v. t. To bring under the power of; to
make subservient or obnoxious ; to render ac-
countable. SYN. To submit ; enslave ; subdue.
SUB-JE'TION, n. The act of subduing; the
state of being brought under control ; slavery.
SUB-JT'1VE, a. An epithet applied to those
internal states of thought or feeling of which the
mind is the subject opposed to o&jectiwe, which
see for a fuller statement.
SUB-jKT'iVE-LY, ad. In relation to the sub-
ject ; inwardly.
SUB-JHT'1VE-NESS,> n. State of being subjec-
SUB-JEC-T1VI-TY, j" tive.
SUB-JOIN', v. t. To add at the end. See To ADD.
SOB'JU-GATE, v. t. To reduce to slavery; to
bring under the absolute control of another.
SUB-J U-G A'TION, n. Act of subduing to the con-
trol of another.
SUB-JCNT1VE, a. Subjoined or added to some-
thing before ; in grammar, a form of the verb ex-
pressing condition or hypothesis.
SUB-LA I'-SA'RI- AN, n. One who considers the
decree ot election as contemplating the apostasy
as past, and the election of grace as a remedy for
an existing evil.
SUB-LATION; n. The act of taking away.
SUB-LIEU-TEN 'ANT (-lev-tSn'ant), n. An under,
lieutenant in the English fusileers and artil-
lory.
SUB-LlM'A-BLE, a. That may be sublimate-1.
SUl'-LlM'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
subliraable.
SUB'LI-M ATE, ) v. t. To refine, as solid substances,
SUB-LIME', j by heat ; to exalt.
SUB'LI-MATE, n. The product of sublimation.
SUB'LI-MATE, a. Refined, as brought into a state
of vapour by heat, and again condensed, as solid
substances.
SUB
453
SUB
DOVE, WC-LF, BQ<?K; R^LE, BULL; Yl"cious.
SUB-LI-MA'TION, n. The act of refining by bring-
ing a solid substance to a state of vapour, and con-
densing it.
SUB-LIME', a. High in place; lofty in style or
excellence ; grand, which see.
SUB-LIME', n. A lofty style; sublimity.
SUB-LIMK'LY, ad. In a lofty manner ; grandly.
SUB-LIME'NESS, n. Loftiness of style or senti-
ment ; grandeur; sublimity.
SUB-LlM'I-TY, n. Literally, elevation; a feeling
of astonishment and awe produced by what is
lofty or exalted; loftiness of sentiment or style.
SYN. Grandeur. The mental state indicated by
these two words is the same, viz., a mingled enio-
emotion of astonishment and awe. In speaking
of the quality which produces this emotion, we
call it grandeur when it springs from what is vast
in space, power, &c. ; we call it sublimity (Latin,
tublimis, raised above the earth) when it springs
from what is elevated far above the ordinary inci-
dents of humanity. An immense plain is grand.
The heavens are not only grand, but sublime (as
the predominating emotion), from their immense
height. Exalted intellect and especially exalted
virtue under severe trials, gives us the sense of
moral sublimity, as in the case of our Saviour in
his prayer for his murderers.
SUB-LIN-E-A'TION, n. Mark of a line or lines
drawn under a word in a sentence.
SUB-LlN G 'GUAL (-iTng'gwal), o. Being under the
SUB-LC'NAR, "Jo. Being under the moon; ter-
SOB'LU-NA-RY, j restrial.
SUB-MA-R1NE' (-ma-reen'), o. Being under the
water of the sea.
3UB-M'DI-ANT, n. In music, the sixth note, or
middle note between the octave and subdomi-
nant. [water.
SUB-MfeRGE' (13), v. t. To put or plunge under
SUB-MKRSED' (-mersf), a. Being under water.
SUB-MER'SION (-mer'shun), n. Act of putting or
plunging under water.
SUB-MIN'IS-TELI, r. t. or V. i. To supply; to
afford : to be subservient.
SUB-MIS'SION (-mish'un), n. Act of yielding to
authority or to superiors; humble behaviour;
obedience ; resignation.
SUB-MlS'SlVE, a. Yielding to another ; humble.
SUB-IU' . ad. With submission.
SUB-MlS'SlVE-NESS, n. A submissive temper or
disposition; acknowledgment of inferiority.
SUB-MIT', v. i. To yield one's person to the power
of another ; to yield one's opinion to the opin-
ion or authority of another. SYN. To surrender ;
bend : stoop ; acquiesce ; comply.
SUB-MIT', v. t. To yield, resign, or refer to an-
other.
SUB-MUL'TI-PLE, n. A number or quantity
which is contained in another an exact number of
times.
8UB-NAS'CENT, o. Growing underneath.
SUB-OK'DI-NA-CY, n. State of being subordinate
or subject to control.
SUB-OR'DI-NATE, a. Inferior in order, nature,
dignity, &o. 5 lower; subject.
SUB-OR'DI-NATE, v. t. To bring under something
else in order or rank ; to make subject.
SUB-OR'DI-NAIE-LY, ad. In a subordinate man-
ner.
SUB-OR-DI-NA'TION, n. A state of subjection ;
the state of being inferior to another; place of
rank among inferiors.
SUB-URN', f. t. To procure to take a false oath;
to bribe to commit wrong acts.
SUB-OR-NA'TION, n. Act of seducing to a bad
action, particularly the crime of perjury.
SUB-ORN'ER, n. One who suborns.
SUB-0'VAL, a. Nearly ovate, or egg-shaped.
n - A summons for witnesses.
SUB-PE'NA, > v. t. To summon by subpoena ; to
SUB-l'CK'NA.j command attendance in court.
e as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as SH j THIS.
SUB-RE'TOR, n. The deputy of a rector.
SUB-RO-GA'TION, n. In civil law, the substitution
of one person for another, with the possession of
his rights.
SUBRO'SA. [L.] Under the rose; privately.
StTB'-SALT, n. A salt having an excess of the
base.
SUB-SCRIBE', v. t. To sign with one's hand ; to
bind one's self by writing ; to attest ; to consent.
SUB-SKlBE', v. i. To promise to give a certain
sum by setting one's name to paper ; to assent.
SUB-SCKlB'ER, n. One who subscribes; one who
writes his name beneath.
SUB-SKlFTION (-skrip'shunj, n. The signing of
a name ; attestation ; the sum subscribed.
SUB-Sfi'TION, n. Division of a section.
SCB'SE-QUENCE, n. The state of following.
SCTB'SE-QUENT, a. Folhpwing ; coming after; in
time or in place succeeding. See ANTECEDENT.
SUB'SE-QUENT-LY, ad. In time following.
SUB-SERVE' (13), r. t. To serve instrumentally ;
to assist.
SUB-SfiRV'I-ENCE, \n. Use or operatioa that
SUB-SfiRV'I-EN-CY,j promotes some end.
SUB-SERV'I-ENT, a. Useful to promote a pur-
pose ; subordinate. SYN. Subject ; inferior ; sub-
missive.
SUB-SfiRV'I-ENT-LY, ad. In a way to aid.
SUB-SIDE', v. i. To sink or fall to the bottom ; to
full into a state of quiet. SYN. To settle ; inter-
mit ; ebb ; retire ; abate, which see.
SUB-SL'DENCE, n. The act or process of falling or
sinking; cessation.
SUB-SlD'I-A-RY, a. Furnishing help; assisting;
aiding.
SUB-SiDT-A-RY, n. One who contributes aid.
SDB'SI-DIZU, v. t. To pay a subsidy to.
SUB'SI-DY, n. Aid in money to purchase assistance
or support. SYN. Tribute. A subsidy is volun-
tary ; a tribute is exacted. A subsidy is paid to
an ally for his services ; a tribute is given iu ac-
knowledgment of dependence or subjection.
SUB-SIGN' (-sine'), v. t. To sign under or below.
SUB SI-LEN'TI-0 (-ISn'she-o). [.] In silence.
SUB-SlST v. i. To have existence ; to be ; to re-
tain the present state; to be maintained with
food and clothing.
SUB-SlST, v. t. To support with provisions ; to
maintain.
SUB-SlST'ENCE, n. Being; means of support.
SYN. Living; livelihood; sustenance; compe-
tence.
SUB-SIST'ENT, a. Having being ; existent.
SOB'SOIL, n. The bed or stratum of earth which
lies immediately below the surface-soil.
SCB'SOIL, v. t. or v. i. To plough or cultivate
SUlS&PE'CIES (-spe'shcz), n. Division of a spe-
cies.
SUB'STANCE, n. In a general sense, being or some-
thing existing by itself; essential part; some-
thing real; not imaginary; body; matter;
goods.
SUB-STAN'TIAL (sub-stan'shal), a. Belonging to
substance; real; solid; corporeal; possessed of
goods.
SUB-STAN-TIALT-TY, n. The state of real ex-
istence; materiality.
SUB-STA N'TI AL-LY, ad. With reality ; strongly ;
really ; in substance.
SUB-STAN'TIAL-NESS, n. The state or quality of
firmness ; strength.
SUB-STAN'TIALS, n. pi. Material parts.
SUB-STAN'TIATE, v. t. To establish by proof or
confirm.
StJB'STAN-TlVE, n. A noun or name of a thing
the part of speech denoting something that
exists.
SCB'STAN-TlVE, a. Noting existence ; real.
SCB'STAN-TIVE-LY, ad. In substance; essen-
tially ; in grammar, as a name or noun.
S0B'STI-TCTE, n. One who acts for another ; that
SUB
454
STIC
1, fi &c., long. I, , &c., short ciRE, PAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THKRE, xftRM; MARINE, BIRD ; MOVE,
which is used for another thing. SYN. Deputy; tion ; to pervert; to ruin utterly. SYN.
proxy.
StTB'STI-TUTE, v. t. To put in the place o SYN.
To change ; interchange.
SUB-STI-TU'TION, n. The putting of one person
or thing in the place of another.
SUB-STI-TC'TION-AL, a. Pertaining to substitu-
tion.
SUB-STRA'TUM, n. ; pi. SUB-STRA'TA. That which
is laid or spread under something; a layer of
earth under another.
SUB-STRtJ TION, n. An under building ; a prop.
SUB-ST'LAR, a. Under the style.
StTB'STYLE, n. A right line on which, the style or
gnomon of a dial is erected.
SUB-SULTlVE, ") a. Bounding ; leaping ; moving
SUB-S0L'TO-RY, 5 by sudden leaps.
SUB-TEND 7 , v. t. To lie or extend under; to be
opposite to.
SUB-TENSE', 71. The chord of an arc.
SUB'TEE. A Latin preposition signifying under.
SUB-TER'FLU-ENT,) o. Flowing under or be-
SUB-TER'FLU-OUS,) neath.
SUB'TER-FUGE, n. Literally, that to which a per-
son resorts for escape or concealment ; hence, an
artifice or evasion to escape censure or the force
of an argument. SYBT. Evasion ; prevarication ;
quibble; shift; excuse.
SUB-TER-RA'NE-AN, ") a. Being under the sur-
SUB-TER-RA'NE-OUS, $ face of the earth.
SUBTILE (sub'til), a. Fine-drawn or refined,
as subtile reasoning ; thin, as a subtile vapour ;
piercing, as subtile pain. SYN. Acute. In
acute (from acus), the image is that of a needle's
point ; in subtile (from subtilis), it is that of a thread
To
overturn; overthrow; destroy; extinguish;
corrupt.
SUB-VfiRT'ER, n. One who overthrows.
SUB-VERT'i-BLE, o. That may be subverted.
SUB-WORK'ER (-wurk'er), n. An underworker ;
a helper.
SU, prefix. Sub, which see.
SUe-CE-DA'NE-OUS, a. Supplying the place of
something else ; substituted.
SU^-CE-DA'NE-UM, n.; pi. SUC-CE-DA'NE-A. That
which is used for something else ; a substitute.
SU-CEED', v. t. To follow in order; to come
after ; to prosper ; to make successful.
SUC-CEED', v. i. To follow in order ; to come in
place of one who has died or gone ; to obtain the
object desired. See FOLLOW.
STHJ-CEED'ER, n. One that follows and comes
in place of another.
SUC-CEED-ING, a. Following in order ; subse-
quent ; taking the place of another ; giving pros-
perity ; n. the act of prospering.
SU-G-CESS', n. Prosperous termination of an un-
dertaking ; good fortune.
SU-CESS'FU L, o. Terminating in what is wished ;
having the desired effect. SYN. Happy ; pros-
perous ; auspicious ; fortunate, which see.
SU-e-CESS'FUL-LY, ad. In a prosperous manner ;
fortunately.
SU!-CESS'FIJL-NESS, n. Prosperous conclusion ;
favourable event ; success.
SU-CES'SION (-sSsh'un), n. A following of things
in order ; a series ; an order of descendants ; the
right of inheriting from ancestors.
SU-CES'SION-AL (-s&sh'un-al), a. Noting suc-
spun out to extreme fineness. Hence, he who is cession,
acute has a piercing judgment, which enables him SU-CES'SlVE, a. Following in order,
to discern and discriminate with the nicest accu- SUC-CES'SlVE-LY, ad. In regular order,
racy; he who has a subtile intellect can spin the SU-CES'StVE-NESS, n. Regular order,
finest thread of thought, and follow out a subject SUJ-CESS-LESS, a. Having no success ; unpros-
in its most complicated relations, without letting perous.
go his hold, or becoming lost or perplexed in its SUC-CESS'OR, n. One who succeeds ; one who
---- takes the place which another has left, and sus-
utmost intricacies, \4cuteness guards against
error ; subtilty carries forward our investigations
into tenuous and recondite truths. Edwards was
singularly acute; Lord Bacon had a subtilty of
intellect which seemed to spread itself through
every part of a subject like a kind of " diffusive
touch."
SUB-TIL-I-ZATION, n. Refinement ; a making
volatile.
SUB'TLL-IZE, v. t. To make fine; to spin out into
niceties.
SUB'TIL-TY (sub'til-ty), n. Thinness; a running
out into great nicety of thought ; refining.
SUB'TLE (sut'tl), a. Sly in design; full of art and
deception; crafty.
SUB'TLE-TY (sut'tl-ty), n. The quality of being
very cunning and deceitful ; crafty.
StB'TLY (suf'tlyj, ad. In a sly or artful manner.
SUB-TR A!T', v. t. To withdraw a part ; to deduct ;
to take part from the rest.
SUB-TRA!T'ER, n. He that deducts; the subtra-
hend. [Obs.]
SUB-TR ACTION (-trak'shun), n. The taking a
less sum from a greater ; a withdrawing.
SUB-TRAT'1VE, a. Tending to subtract.
SUB-TRA-HEND', n. Number to be subtracted.
SUB-TRANS-LtT'CENT, a. Imperfectly translu-
cent.
SUB-tTN'GUAL, a. Under the nail or claw.
StB'URB, n. s. ") A building without the walls of
SOB'URBS/n.'pl.J a city, "but near them; the
confines of a city.
SUB-tTR'BAN, > a. Being in the suburbs of a
SUB-OR'BI-AL, / city.
SUB-VA-Rl'E-TY, n. A subordinate variety.
SUB-VER'SION (13) (-ver'shun), n. Total over
tains the like part and character.
SU-ClN-eT', a. Tucked or girded up ; compressed
into narrow compass. SYN. Short ; concise ;
compendious ; summary.
SU-e-ClN-GT'LY, ad. In a concise manner; shortly ;
briefly.
SU-G-CIN-eTNESS, it. The quality of conciseness ;
brevity.
lul-'ciN-OUS,} a - Pertaining to amber.
SU-6'O-RY, n. Chicory or wild endive.
S0'-eOTASH, n. Green maize and beans boiled
together.
SU-G'-GOUR, . t. Literally, to run to ; hence, to
relieve in distress or difficulty. SYN. To help ;
deliver ; comfort ; relieve.
SCre'-GOUR, n. Assistance in distress.
SCr-G'-eOUR-ER, n. One who succours.
S0!'OUR-LESS, a. Void of help or friends.
Stre'U-LENCE, ) n. Fullness of sap; juici-
StT'-eU-LEN-CYj ness.
SO-6'U-LENT, a. Full of sap ; juicy.
SU-6-etlMB' (-kiim'), v. i. To sink under ; to yield
unresistingly ; to submit.
SU-OS'SION (-kush'un), n. Act of shaking; a
shaking ; in medicine, an ague.
StTCH, a. Being of the like kind ; the same that ;
the same as what has been mentioned.
SOCK, v. t. To draw with the mouth; to draw
milk from the breast ; to draw in, as a whirlpool ;
to absorb.
SOCK, v. i. To draw by exhausting the air ; to
draw the breast.
SOCK, n. The act of drawing with the mouth;
milk drawn from the breast.
tlr'owToTerthVow fronTthe" foundation.-SYN. SOCK'ER, n. He or that which sucks; a shoot
Ruin ; downfall ; extinction. from the roots of a plant ; a lash.
SUB-VER'SIVE, a. Tending to overturn or ruin. SOCK'ER, v. t. To strip oft s
SUB-VERT', v. t. To overthrow from the founda- j SOCK'LE (suk'kl), v. t. To nurse at the breast.
sue
455
SUL
l)6vs, WOLF, BIJOU ; RflLE, BLL; vf'cious. as K; 6 as J ; s as z; CH as SH ; IHIS.
SOCK'LING, n. A child nursed at the breast.
SU-6'TION (suk'shun), n. The act of drawing in by
the mouth, or by a pump or pipe.
SU-G-TO'KI-AL, a. Adapted for sucking.
SU-DATION, n. The act of sweating.
SO'DA-TO-RY, 71 . A sweating bath.
SUDDEN, a. Happening without previous notice ;
hasty ; coming unexpectedly or without the com-
mon preparations.
SUIXDEN-LY, ad. In a hasty or unexpected man-
ner ; without preparation.
SUD'DEN-NESS, n. A coming unexpectedly.
SU-DOR-IF'I, a. Tending to promote sweat ; n. a
medicine that produces sweat.
SU'DOE-OUS, a. Consisting of sweat.
SU'DEA or SOODRAH, n. The lowest of the four
great castes among the Hindoos. [soap.
SODS (sudz), n. sing. Water impregnated with
SUE (28) (su), v. t. To prosecute in law; to en-
treat. To sue out, to petition for and take out.
SUE (su), i>. i. To prosecute or make legal claim;
to request ; to make interest for.
SU'ET, n. Fat, particularly that about the kid-
neys.
SU'ET-Y, a. Consisting of or like suet.
SOF, prefix. Sub, which see.
SCF'FEK, v. t. To feel or bear what is painful; to
endure ; to support ; to allow ; to undergo ; to
sustain.
SUF'FER, v. i. To feel or undergo pain of body ; to
undergo, as punishment ; to sustain loss.
SUFTER-A-BLE, a. That may be endured.
SUF'FER-A-BLE-NESS, n. State or capacity of
being endured ; tolerableness.
SUF'FEE-A-BLY, ad. So as to be endured.
SUF'FER-ANCE, n. The bearing of pain ; permis-
sion by not forbidding. STN. Endurance ; pain ;
patience ; toleration ; consent.
SUF'FEE-ER, n. One who endures or undergoes
pain or inconvenience ; one who permits.
StFF'FEE-ING, n. Act of bearing pain; pain en-
dured ; distress ; loss or injury incurred.
SUF-FICE' (suf-fize'), w. t. or v. i. To be enough;
to satisfy ; to content.
SUF-Fi"ClEN-CY (-Hsh'en-sy), n. Adequacy to
the end proposed ; a full supply ; ability ; self-
confidence or conceit.
SUF-Fi"CIENT (-flsh'ent), a. Adequate to wants;
equal to the end proposed ; of competent power
or ability. STN. Enough; satisfactory; compe
tent ; full ; ample.
SUF-FI"CIENT-LY (-ftsh'ent-ly), ad. So as to sa-
tisfy ; enough.
SOF'FIX, n. A letter or syllable annexed.
SUF-FlX', v. t. To add or annex a letter or word.
SUF-FLAM'I-NATE, v. t. To retard the motion of
a carriage by chaining one of its wheels, or other-
wise preventing its revolution.
SUF-FLATE', v. t. To blow up ; to inflate.
SUF-FLATION, n. Act of inflating.
SUF'Fp-ATE, v. t. To choke or kill by stifling
respiration; to stifle; to smother.
SUF-FO-!A-'TION, n. The act of choking ; the act
of stifling, destroying, or extinguishing.
SUF'FO-A-T1VE, a. Tending to suffocate.
SUF-FGS'SION (-fdsh'un), n. A digging under;
undermining.
SUF'FEA-GAN, n. A bishop considered as an as-
sistant to his superior, the archbishop or metro-
politan.
SUF'FRAGE, n. A vote or voice given in deciding
a controverted question, or in choosing a man to
office ; united voice in public prayer.
SUF-FU'MI-GATE, v. t. To apply smoke or fumes
to the parts of the body.
SUF-1 U-MI-GA'TION, n. Fumigation; the opera-
tion of smoking any thing.
SUF-FUSE' (-fuze'), v. t. To overspread as with a
fluid or tincture.
SUF-FU'SION (-fu'zhun), n. The act of overspread-
ing; an extravasation, as of blood, &c. ; that
which is suffused or spread over.
SUG'AR (shug'ar), n. A sweet crystalline sub-
stance manufactured from the juice of
cane or other plants. Sugar of lead is so called
from its resemblance in appearance to sugar and
its sweetish taste.
SUG'AE (shug'ar), v. t. To sweeten or cover with
"sugar.
SUG'AE-ANE, n. The cane whose juice produces
sugar.
SyG'AR-HOTJSE (shug'ar-house), n. A building in
which sugar is refined.
SyG'AR-LOAF, (shng'ar-lofe) 71. A conical mass of
refined sugar.
SyG'AR-MlLL, n. A machine for expressing the
juice of the sugar-cane.
SUG'AE-PLUM (shug'ar-plum), n. A kind of
sweetmeat.
;-Y (shug'ar-y), a. Tasting of sugar; sweet.
SUG-GEST' (sud- or sGg-jest'), v. t. To intimate 01
mention in the first instance ; to offer to the mind.
SUG-GESTION (sug-jest'yunj, n. The presenta-
tion of an object to the mind ; something men-
tioned or proposed. SYN. Hint. A hint is liter-
ally a nod, and is the briefest mode of calling one's
attention to a subject ; a suggestion (from sub and
gero) is literally a throwing of something before the
mind, a modest or delicate mode of presenting
argument or advice. A hint is usually something
slight or covert, and may be merely negative in its
character ; a suggestion, is ordinarily intended to
furnish us with some practical assistance or direc-
tions. He gave me a hint of my danger, and added
some kind suggestions as to my future conduct.
SUG-GEST'lVE, a. Containing a hint or intimation.
SU-I-CI'DAL (28), a. Pertaining to suicide.
SU'I CIDE, n. Self-murder; a self-murderer.
SU'I-CI-DISM, n. State of self-murdering.
SU-I GEN'E-RIS. [L.] Of its own or peculiar kind ;
singular,
SUIT (28) (sute), n. A number of things used to-
gether ; a set ; a company of attendants or re-
tinue; a seeking of something by request ; court-
ship ; a legal process to recover right ; pursuit ;
prosecution.
SUIT (sute), v. t. or v. i. To fit or be fitted; to
adapt; to agree; to have corresponding quali-
ties.
SCITA-BLE (su'ta-bl), a. Having correspondent
qualities; agreeable to. STX. Fitting; becom-
ing; proper; compatible; consistent.
SCIT'A-BLE-NESS, n. A state of being fit or ap-
propriate ; propriety ; agreeableness.
SUIT'A-BLY, ad. With propriety ; fitly; properly.
SUITE (sweet), n. [jFV.J 'Retinue; a connected
succession, as a suite of rooms.
SUIT'OR (su'tor), n. One that prosecutes a de-
mand of right in law ; one who solicits a woman
in marriage; a petitioner.
SUIT'RESS, n. A female supplicant.
SUL'ATE, ~)a. Marked by longitudinal chan-
SUL'A-TED,j nels; grooved.
SULK'I-LY, ad. In a sullen manner; morosely.
S0LK I-NESS, n. Silent moroseness ; sullenness.
SULKS, n. pi. A state of discontent ; moroseness.
SCLK'Y, a. Silently discontented; morose; ob-
stinate; sour.
SULK'Y, n. A carriage for one person.
SUL'LAGE ) n. Filth of the street or a drain of
SUL'LI-AGE, 5 filth.
SUL'LEN, a. Gloomily angry and silent; ill-hu-
moured; morose; obstinate. SYN. Sulky; sour;
cross.
SUL'LEN -LY, ad. In an ill-humoured way ; sourly ;
morosely ; gloomily.
SUL'LE . A state of moroseness;
gloominess.
SUL'LY, v. t. Literally, to smear with soil or dirt ;
hence, to render filthy; to take off the brightness
of; to dishonour ; v. i. to be soiled. SYN. To
stain ; tarnish, which see.
SUL'PHATE, n. A compound of sulphuric acid
and a base.
SUL
456
SUP
1, 1, &C., Ion;. I, *, atC., 7lOrt. ClKB, FlB, LiST,
StTL'PHUR, n. A mineral of yellow colour, which
burns with a blue flame, giving out suffocating
fumes; brimstone.
StJL'PHU-EATE, o. Pertaining to sulphur.
BOL'PHU-RATE, v. t. To combine with sulphur.
SUL-PHU-EA'TION, n. The subjecting of a thing
to the action of sulphur.
SUL-PHO'EE-OUS, ") a. Having the qualities of
SOL'PHO-RY, j sulphur.
SOL'PHU-RET, n. A combination of sulphur with
an earth, metal, or alkali.
SUL-PHO'RI, a. Pertaining to sulphur.
SOL'PHU-KOUS, a. Like or containing sulphur.
SOL'PHU-ROUS-NESS, In. Qualities of sul-
SUL-PHO'EE-OUS-NESS,j phur.
SOL'PHUR-Y, a. Partaking of sulphur.
SOL'TAN, n. A title of the Turkish emperor.
SUL-TA'NA or SUL-TA'NA, \ n. The Queen of a
SOL'TAN-ESS, j sultan; the em-
press of the Turks.
SOLTEI-NESS, n. State of being sultry; heat
with a moist or close air.
SOL'TEY, a. Hot and close ; oppressive.
SOM, 7i. The amount or whole of any number of
individuals or particles added ; a quantity of
money or currency; any amount indefinitely;
compendium or abridgment; height; comple-
tion ; a question in arithmetic.
SOM, v. t. To add and find the amount. SYN. To
reckon; cast up; compute; comprise; compre-
hend.
SC'MA/, "> , -., , -i (n. A plant of several
SO'MAH,j (shumak), species, some of which
are used in tanning and dyeing.
SOM'MA-BI-LY, act. In few words ; concisely ; in
a short way or method.
SOM'MA-RY, a. Eeduced to a narrow compass.
SYN. Hrief; concise; compendious; succinct.
StTM'MA-EY, n. An abridged account ; an abstract
or compendium containing the substance of a full-
er account; abridgment, which see.
SUM-MA'TION, n. The act of forming a sum or
a total amount ; an aggregate.
SOM'MEE, n. A large stone laid over columns or
pilasters ; a large timber or beam laid as a central
floor-timber.
StnVTMER, n. The warm season, popularly com-
prising May, June, and July ; astronomically, from
the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox.
Indian summer, in the United States, a period of
warm weather late in autumn.
StnVTMEE, i;. t. To pass the season of summer.
SOM'MEE-OLT, n. The undulating state of the
air near the ground when heated, allied to mir-
SOM'MEE-FAL-LOW (-fal-lo), n. A fallow made
during the summer months to kill weeds.
SOM'MEE-HOUSE, n. A house or apartment in
a garden for summer use ; a house tor residence
in summer ; a country seat.
SOM'MER-SET, n. A leap heels over head.
SOM'MIT, n. The top ; highest point.
SOM'MIT-LESS, o. Having no summit.
StJM'MON, v. t. To call or cite by authority. SYN.
To notify ; convene ; bid ; invite.
SOM'MON-EE, n. One who summons.
SOM'MONS, n. sing. A call by authority ; citation.
SUM'MUM BO'NUM. [L.j The greatest good.
StJMP'TEE, n. A pack-horse.
StJMPT'0-A-EY (sumt'yu-a-ry), a. Relating to ex-
pense; regulating expense. Sumptuary laics are
those which limit the expenses of citizens in
dress, food, &c.
StTMPTO-OUS (sflmt'yu-us), a. Characterized by
expense or magnificence. SYN. Costly ; splendid ;
magnificent ; princely.
SOMPT'0-OUS-LY (sumt'yu-us-), ad. In a magni-
ficent manner.
SOMI J T'0-OUS-NES3 (sumt'yu-us-), n. The state
or quality of costliness ; splendour,
BON, n. The luminary that enlightens and warms
the earth ; any thing splendid or luminous.
FALL, WHAT; THKE, TEM; MARINE, B!BD;
SON, v. t. To expose to or warm by the sun.
SON'BEAM. n. A ray of light from the sun.
SCTN'-BEAT, a. Shone on or tanned by the sun.
SON-BRIGHT, a. Bright as the sun.
SON'-BORN^D (-bilrnd), a. Brown or tanned by
the sun.
SON'DAY, n. The day anciently dedicated to the
sun, now corresponding with the Lord's Day, or
Christian Sabbath; the first day of the week.
Sec SABBATH.
SON'DEE, 7i. In sunder, in two.
SON'DEE, v. t. To disunite in almost any man-
ner ; to part ; separate, or divide.
StTN'-Dl-AL, n. An instrument to show the time
of day by the shadow of a pia or gnomon on a
plate divided into hours.
SON'DOWN, n. Sunset.
SON'DRIES (sun'driz), n. pi. Divers things.
SON'DRY, a. More than one or two. SYN. Divers ;
several ; many ; various.
SUN'FISH, n. A large circular sea fish ; also the
basking shark, and in U. S. the pond-perch.
SONK'BN (53) (sunk'kn), a. Lving in the bottom
of a river or other water.
SON'LESS, a. Wanting sunbeams ; gloomy.
SON'-LIGHT (-lite), n. The light of the sun.
SON'-LlT, a. Lighted by the sun.
SON'NY, a. Exposed to tie sun; proceeding from
the sun ; like the sun ; bright.
SON'ElSE, 7 n. First appearance of the sun in
SON'EIS-ING, 5 the morning.
SON'SET ^n. The disappearance of the
SON-SET-TING, j sun at the close of the day.
SON'SHINE, n. The light of the sun ; a place
warmed and illuminated.
SON'SHINE, \a. Bright with the sun's rays;
SON'SHIN-Y,J clear.
SON'-STROKE, n. A stroke of the sun or his
heat, often occasioning an inflammation of the
brain.
SU"'0 JU'RE. [L.J In one's own right.
SU'O MAE'TE. [L.] By his own strength or exer-
tion.
SOP, v. t. To take into the mouth with the lips,
as a liquid ; to sip ; v. i. to eat the evening meal.
SOP, n. A little taken with the lips; a sip; a
small mouthful.
SO'PEE, a prefix, denotes above or upon.
SO'PER-A-BLE, a. That may be overcome.
SO'PEE-A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
conquerable or surmountable.
SO'PEE-A-BLY, ad. So as may be overcome.
SU-PEE-A-BOUND', . i. To be very abundant.
SU-PEE-A-BOUND'ING, a. Very abundant
SU-PEE-A-BOND'ANCE, n. More than is sufil-
dent.
SU-PEE-A-BOND'ANT, a. More than enough.
SU-PEE-A-BOND'ANT-LY, ad. In great plenty.
SU-PEE-ADD', v. t. To add over and above.
SU-PEE-AD-Dl"TION (-ad-dlsh'un), . The act of
superadding ; that which is added.
SU-PEE-AN-GEL'I, a. Superior to the angels.
SU-PEE-AN'NU-ATE, v. t. To impair by old age.
SU-PEE-AN'NU-AT-ED, a. Impaired by old age.
SU-PEE-AN-NU-A'TION, n. State of being too old
for office or business.
SU-PEEB' (13), a. Characterized by splendour,
magnificence, grandeur, &c. SYN. Grand ; ele-
gant ; pompous; showy; august; stately; splen-
did.
SU-PEEB'LY, ad. In a magnificent or splendid
manner; grandly; magnificently.
SU-PEK-!AE'GO, n. A person in a merchant ship,
whose business is to manage the sales, and super-
intend all the commercial concerns of a voy-
age.
SU-PEE-CIL'IOTJS (-sil'yus), o. Lofty with pride ;
haughty ; dictatorial.
SU-PEE-CiL'JOUS-LY, ad. With haughtiness;
with an air of contempt ; dogmatically.
SU-PER-CIL IOUS-NESS, n. Overbearing temper;
haughtiness.
SUP
DOTE, WpLP, BQOK,
457
SUP
, BELL; vf'cious. easK; 6as J; gaszj cnassH; THIS.
than
SU-PER-DOM'I-NANT, n. In music, the sixth of
the key in the descending scale.
SU-PER-EM I-NENCE, n. Eminence superior to
what is common.
SU-PER-EM'I-NENT, a. Eminent in a high de
gree ; surpassing others in excellence.
SU-PEK-KMI-NEXT-LY, ad. In a superior de-
gree ; with unusual distinction.
SU-PER-ER'0-GATE, u. i. To do more than duty
requires.
SU-PER-ER-O-GA'TION, n. A doing more than
duty requires.
SU-PKR-E-RpG'A-TO-RY, o. Being more
duty requires.
SU-PER-EX'CEL-LENCE, n. Superior excellence.
SU-PER-EX'CEL-LENT, a. Very excellent; ex
cellent in an uncommon degree.
SU-PER-FE-TATION, n. A second conception on
a former one, and before the birth of the lirst.
SU-PER-Fl"CIAL (-ftsh'al), u. Being on or per-
taining to the surface; not penetrating the sur-
face of a thin ; composing the surface or exte-
rior part ; shallow ; not deep or profound.
SU-PER-FI"CIAL-LY, ad. On the surface only;
without going deep or searching into things.
C LYL-NE3S, n. Shallowness.
SU-PEK-F1 < /.), n. Surface; exterior
part. A superficies consists of length and breadth.
SC'PER-FlNE, a. Very fine; surpassing in fine-
ness.
SU-PER-FLC1-TY, n. That which is beyond what
nted; something rendered unnecessary by
amdance. SIN. Superabundance; excess;
redtmdancy.
SU-PKRFLU-OUS (13), o. Exceeding what is
wanted ; more than sufficient. SYN. Unneces-
sary ; tiseless ; exuberant ; needless.
:iFLU-OU6-LY, ad. lu a superfluous de-
R'FLU-OUS-NESS, n. The state of being
superfluous or beyond what is wanted.
BU-PER-HO'MAN, a. Beyond what is human;
<\i;
SU-PL1MM-POSE', v. t. To lay on BOme&ing
: IMX-GtfM'BENT, o. Resting on.
8U-FEB-IN-D0CE', v. t. To bring in or upon, as
lition to something else.
SU-PER-IN-IHM : TION, n. Act of superinducing.
8U-PER-IN-FUSE', v. t. To infuse or pour over,
Llitional.
SU-PER-1.\-TKXD, v. t. To have or exercise the
charge and oversight of; to take care of with au-
thority. SYN. To oversee ; overlook ; supervise ;
direct ; coi
SU-PE: ENCE, ->n. Care and over-
SU-PER-IN-TKNDEX-CY.j sight for the pur-
pose of direction and with authority to direct.
su-PER-ix-TfiND'ENT, n. One who has the
oversight or charge. SY.V. M auager ; overseer ;
inspector; director.
SUP-ER-IN-TEND ER, n. One that superintends.
SU-PE'RI-OB, a. More elevated in place, rank,
character, &c.; surpassing others; being above
ver or influence ; higher; greater.
SU-PE'RI-OR, n. One older or higher in rank ;
that which excels ; chief of an abbey, &c.
SU-PE- RI-OR'I-TY, n. The quality of being above
others. SYX. Pre-eminence ; exceUence ; asceud-
enov ; prevalence.
SU-PER LA-T1 VE (13), n. In grammar, the super-
lative or highest degree of comparison in adjec-
SU-PtR'LA-TlVE, o. Being of the highest de-
: : L A-Tl VE-LY, ad. In the highest decree.
Sy-1'EU'LA-Tl VE-XES3. State or quality of being
in the highest degree.
.VK, ) a. Being above the moon;
SU-PER-!X'XA-RY,f not sublunary.
SU-PER-MCIX'DANE, a. Being above the world;
superterrestrial.
SU-PER'NAL, a. Being in a higher place or re-
gion ; locally higher ; relating to things above ;
celestial ; heavenly.
SU-PER-NA'TANT, a. Swimming on the top.
SU-PER-NAT'Q-RAL (-nat'yu-ral), o. Being above
or beyond the laws of nature ; miraculous. SYN.
Preternatural. Preternatural signifies beside na-
ture, and supernatural above or beyond nature.
What is very greatly aside from the ordinary
course of things is preternatural ; what is con-
trary to the established laws of the universe is
super natural. The dark day which terrified all
Europe nearly a century ago was preternatural;
the resurrection of the dead is supernatural.
SU-PER-NAT'C-RAL-ISM,) n. The state of being
SU-PRA-NATC-RAL-ISMJ supernatural; the
doctrine of a supernatural and divine agency.
SU-PER-NAT'Q-RAL-LY, ad. In a manner beyond
the laws of nature.
SU-PER- NO'MER-A-RF, o. Exceeding the number
prescribed or necessary.
SU-PER-NO'MER-A-RY, n. A person or thing be-
yond the expected or usual number ; applied also
to military officers designed to supply the place
of those who may fall in battle.
SU-PER-PO-$1"TION, (-po-zish'un), n. A placing
above ; a placing or lying on something.
SU-PER-ROY'AL, a. Denoting a kind of printing
paper one size larger than royal.
SC'PER-SALT, n. A salt with a greater number of
equivalents of the acid than of the base.
SU-1 J ER-SAT'C-RATE, v. t. To supply to excess.
SU-PER-SGRIBE', v. t. To write above or on the
cover ; to write the name or address of one on the
outside or cover.
SU-PER-SRlP'TION, n. A writing over or on the
outside ; an impression of letters on coins.
SU-PER-S'0-LAR, a. Being above the world or
secular things.
SU-PER-SEDE', v. t. To make void or ineffica-
cious; to take the place of. SYN. To over-rule;
succeed ; set aside.
SU-PER-SE'DE-AS, n. I_L.J In laic, a writ to super-
sede, that is, to stay proceedings.
SU-PER-SEirCTUE, n. The act of superseding.
SU-PER-STr'TION (-stish'un), n. Excessive rigoui
in religious opinions or practice; falser*:
false worship ; unfounded belief in extraordinary
events, or in omens and prognostics. SYN. Fa-
naticism. Superstition springs from the ini
tion in an ignorant state ; fanaticism iroin
this same faculty in a state of high-wrought
and self-confident excitement. The former
to weak fears or excessive scrupulosity as to out-
ward observances ; the latter to an utter disre-
gard of reason under the false assumption of en-
joying a direct guidance from on high.
SL'-rER-STi"TIOU3 (-stish'us), a. Scrupulous to
excess ; bigoted ; full of scruples in regard to re-
ligion.
SU-PER-STl"TIOUS-LY, ad. In a superstitious
manner.
U-PER-STI'TIOUS-NESS, n. Superstition.
SU-PER-STRA'TUM, n. ; pi. SU-PEE-STRA'TA. A
layer or stratum above another, or resting ou
something else.
Sl7-PER-STRfJT', v. t. To build on any thin?.
STJ-PER-STRtTC'TION, n. Building on soin
SU-PER-STR0T'1VE, a. Built or erected 011
something else.
SU-PER-STRC r F0RE (-strukt'yur), n. What is
built on something else.
SU-PER- VENE', v. i. To come extraneously ; to
come upon ; to happen to.
SU-PER-VE'Nl-ENT, a. Coming as extraneous.
SU-PER-VEN'TION, n. A coming of something
added; the act of supervening.
SU-PER-VI'SAL (-vl'za.), \n. The act of in-
JU-PER-VIS'ION (-vlzh'un), $ specting; an over-
seeing.
SU-PER-VISE' (-vizeO, v. t. To oversee for direc-
tion j to superintend j to inspect.
SUP
458
SUR
I, *, &c., long. I, t, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
SU-PER-VI'SOE, n. An overseer or inspector.
SU-PEE-VI'SO-EY, o. Having supervision.
SU-PEE-VIVE', v. t. To outlive ; to survive.
SU-PI-NAT1ON, n. A lying with the face up-
ward.
SO'PINE, n. A word formed from a verb, or a
modification of a verb.
SU-PlNE', a. Having the face upward; leaning
backward, or inclining with the face to the sun.
SYN. Negligent ; heedless ; inattentive.
SU-PlNE'LY, ad. With the face upward; care-
SU-PINE'NESS, n. A lying with the face upward ;
the state of being heedless. SYN. Carelessness ;
indolence ; drowsiness.
S0P'PER, n. The evening meal ; an entertainment
given at fashionable evening parties.
S0PPER-LE , a. Having no dappar.
SUP-PLANT', v. t. To remove or displace by stra-
tagem, or to displace and take the place of. SYN.
to remove j displace ; undermine ; supersede ; to
turn out.
SUP-PLAN-TA'TION, n. Act of supplanting.
SUP-PLANTEE, n. One who supplants or under-
mines.
S0PTLE (siip'pl), a. Easily bent; characterized
by compliance; bending to the humour of others.
SYN. Pliant; flexible; yielding; fawning.
StTP'PLE, w. t. or v. i. To make or become pliable
or compliant ; to grow soft.
S0PPLE-MENT, n. An addition to any thing by
which it is made more complete.
S0PPLE-MENT, v. t. To add something as a sup-
plement, in order to render more explicit or com-
plete.
STTP'PT'P'MPNT'A KY I - Additional ; added to
IUP-PL! MEN WE!' j supply what i3 wanted "
S0PPLE-NKSS (sflp'pl-), n. The quality of being
easily bent ; readiness of compliance. SYN. Pli-
ancy ; flexibility.
S0F'PLE-TO-KY, a. Supplying deficiency.
S0PTLI-ANT, a. Asking earnestly and submis-
sively ; manifesting entreaty, as a suppliant pos-
ture. SYN. Entreating; suing; imploring; beg-
S0PTLI-ANT, n. A humble petitioner.
S0PPLI-ANT-LY, ad. In a suppliant manner.
S0P'PLI-ANT, n. One who petitions or begs ; o.
entreating ; asking submissively.
SUPPLICATE, v. t. or v. i. To seek by earnest
prayer. SYN. To entreat ; implore ; beseech.
SUP-PLI--6A'TION, n. A humble petition ; suit ;
earnest prayer in worship ; request.
S0P'PLI-A-TO-RY, a. Containing entreaty.
SUP-PLI'ER, n. One that supplies.
SUP-PLIES' (-plize'), n., pi. of SUP-PLY. Things
supplied in sufficiency; moneys granted by Par-
liament for public expenditure.
SUP-PLY', v. t. To fill or furnish what is wanted ;
to serve instead of. SYN. To furnish ; provide ;
contribute ; administer ; give ; bring.
SUP-PLY', n. Sufficiency of things for use or
want.
SUP- POET', n. The act of upholding or sustain-
ing ; that which upholds ; a prop ; necessaries of
life or means. SYN. Stay ; prop ; maintenance ;
subsistence; succour; patronage.
SUP-PORT', v. t. To bear or uphold without sink-
ing or being overcome ; to sustain a part well ; to
sustain with provisions, &c. ; to assist or second ;
to defend successfully, as a cause ; to aid or at-
tend at some public occasion. SYBT. To main-
tain ; endure ; uphold ; protect ; nurture ; shield ;
forward ; comfort.
SUP-POET'A-BLE, a. That may be obtained.
SUP-PORT'A-BLE-NESS, n. The state or quality
of being tolerable.
SUP-PORT'ER, n. He or that which sustains.
SUP-POS'A-BLE, a. That may be supposed.
SUP-POS'AL (-po'zal), n. A supposition; some-
thing supposed.
FALL, WHAT; THfiBE, T$BM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVK,
SUP-POSE', v. t. To lay down without proof; to
imagine ; to require to exist or be true. SYN. To
assume; conjecture; conclude; imagine; judge.
SUP-PO$'EE. n. One that supposes.
SUP-PO-SFTION (-zish'un), n. Belief without
evidence ; something supposed ; hypothesis.
SUP-PO$-I-Tt"TIpUS (-poz-e-tlsh'us), a. Not
genuine; illegitimate; put by trick in the place
of another.
SUP-l J p$-I-Tl"TIOUS-LY (-ttsh'us-ly), ad. By
trickish substitution.
SUP-POS I-TlVE, a. Implying a supposition.
SUP-PRESS', v. t. To overpower and crush; to
withhold from utterance or vent ; to hinder from
circulation. SYN. To repress; restrain; over-
throw ; conceal ; stop ; smother.
SUP-PEES'SION (-prgsh'un), n. The act of sup-
pressing ; concealment.
SUP-PEESS'IVE, a. Tending to suppress; subdu-
ing; concealing.
S0P-PESS'OE, n. One who suppresses.
SUP'PU-EATE, v. t. or v. i. To cause suppuration ;
to generate matter or pus.
SUP-PU-RA'TION, n. The process of forming pus
or matter, as in a wound or abscess.
S0P'PU-RA-TIVE, n. A medicine that promotes
suppuration; a. promoting suppuration.
S0'PRA, prefix, signifies above, beyond, or over.
SU-PRA-LAP-SA'EI-AN, n. One who holds that
the fall of Adam, with all its consequences, was a
part of the Creator's original plan, as well as the
means of salvation.
SU-PEA-M0N03ANE, n. Being above the world.
SU-PEA-NAT'0-EAL-I$M, n. The state of being
supernatural ; super naturalism.
SU-PEEM'A-CY, n. Highest authority or power ;
state of being supreme.
SU-PREME', a. Highest in authority ; greatest;
chief; principal; extreme; n. God.
SU-PEEME'LY, ad. In the highest degree.
S0E, prefix, signifies over, upon, or beyond.
S0'RAL, a. Pertaining to the calf in the leg.
S0R'BASE, n. A border or moulding above the
base.
SUE-BASE'MENT, n. The trait of an arch which
describes a portion of an ellipse.
SUR-BED', v. t. To set, as a stone, edgewise, in re-
ference to its stratification or bedding.
SUR-CEASE', v. t. To stop entirely ; v. i. to be
at an end.
SUE-CHAE&E', v. t. To overcharge ; to fill to ex-
cess ; n. exccessive load ; repletion.
SUR-CHAE(VKE, n. One that overloads.
S0E'CING-GLE (sur'sing-gl), n. A belt, band, or
girth which passes over any thing laid on a horse's
back to bind it on.
S0R'<3LE (sur'kl), n. A little shoot ; a sucker.
S0R'OAT, n. A short coat worn over the other
clothes.
S0RD, n. A quantity whose root can not be ex-
actly expressed in numbers.
S0RD, a. Deaf ; designating a quantity whose
root can not be exactly expressed by rational
numbers.
S0EE (shure), a. Not liable to be broken or to
fail ; certainly knowing or having full confidence
of obtaining. SYN. Certain ; unfailing ; stable ;
firm ; confident ; positive ; secure.
S0EE, ad. Certainly ; without doubt ; doubtless.
S0RE'-FOQT-ED (shure'-), a. Not apt to stumble.
S0RE'LY'(shure'-), ad. Certainly; infallibly; un-
doubtedly.
SIJRE'NESS (shure'-), n. Certainty; truth; firm-
SCRE'TI-SHIP, n. A being bound for another.
SUBE'TY (shure'ty), n, A bondsman ; one who
gives bail ; certainty ; security ; foundation of
stability ; evidence.
S0RF, n. A swell of the sea which breaks on the
shore, or on rocks.
S0RTACE, n. The exterior part of any thing that
has length and breadth ; the outside.
SUR
459
STJS
D6VE, WOLF, BOQK ; K^LE, BULL; VF'CIOUS. as K ! 6 OS J ; aS Z CH as SH; THIS.
SCRTEIT (sur'fit), n. Fulness by excessive eat-
ing, &c.
SCR'FEIT (sflr'fit), v. t. or v. i. To feed or to be
fed so as to oppress the stomach ; to clog.
SORFEIT-EE (sur'fit-er), n. One who riots; a
glutton.
SORGE, n. A large wave or billow.
S0RGE, v. t. To swell, as rolling waves ; to rise
SURGE'LESS, a. Free from surges.
SUR'CEON (sur'jun), n. One who professes to cure
external diseases or injuries of the body by manual
operations j a member of the Royal College of
Surgeons.
StTR'GEON-CY, n. Office of a surgeon.
SOR GER-Y, n. The art or act of treating external
injuries of the body ; a room for surgical opera-
tions.
StR'Gl-JAL, a. Pertaining to surgery.
SOR'GY, a. Rising in billows ; swelling high.
S0R'LI-LY, ad. la a surly, morose manner; crab-
bedly.
StTR'LI-NESS, n. Gloomy moroseness ; crossness ;
crabbedness.
SUR'LOIN, n. See SIRLOIN.
SUR'LY, a. Gloomily cross or morose ; crabbed ;
sour ; rough ; dark.
BUB-MlSE', v. t. To imagine without certain
knowledge ; to suspect ; to conjecture.
SUR-MISE', n. The thought or imagination that
something may be, without certain knowledge.
SYN. Conjecture; supposition; suspicion; no-
tion.
BUR-MOUNT', v. t. To rise above; to be superior
to ; to go beyond. SYN. To overcome ; conquer ;
surpass; exceed.
SUR-.M OUNT'A-BLE, a. That can be overcome.
SUR-MOUNT'ER, n. One that overcomes.
SOR'NAME, n. A name added to the baptismal
name, which thus becomes the family name.
SUR-NAME', v. t. To call by a name added to the
inal name.
SUR-PASS' (6), -o. J. To go beyond in any thing,
good or bad. SYN. To outdo ; exceed; excel.
SUK-PASS'A-BLE, a. That may be surpassed.
SUR'PLICE (silr'plis), n. A white robe worn by
clergymen of some churches.
SUR'PLICE-FEES, n. pi. Clerical fees paid for
occasional services.
SOR'PLUS, ") n. Overplus ; excess beyond
SOR'PLUS-A&E, ) what is wanted.
BUB-PKI'SAL, 7u Act of coming upon suddenly or
unexpectedly ; the state of being surpri
BUR-PRISE', n. Wonder suddenly excited; the
act of coming upon unawares ; state of being
taken unexpectedly. SYN. Wonder; astonish-
ment ; amazement.
SUR-PRl$E', v. t. To come or fall on unexpectedly ;
to excite wonder in ; to confuse ; to take un-
SUR-PRl$'ING, a. Exciting surprise. SYN. Won-
derful ; extraordinary ; unexpected j astonish-
ing.
8UR-PBI$'ING-LY, ad. In a manner to excite
surprise.
SUR-RE-BUT', v. t. To reply to a defendant's re-
butter.
SUR-RE-BDTTER, n. A plaintiff's reply to a de-
fendant's rebutter.
SUR-RE-JOIV, v. t. To reply to a defendant's
rejoinder.
SUR-RE-JOIN'DER, n. Answer of a plaintiff to a
defendant's rejoinder.
SUR-REN'DEH, o. t. To yield to the power of
another ; to give up ; to resign ; to yield to any
passion, influence, or power.
SUR-REN'DER, v. i. To yield; to give up one's
self into th<* power of another.
SUR-RfiNDER, ) n. The act of yielding possession
SUR-RENDRY,/ to another.
SUR-REN'DER-EE, n. One to whom an estate is
surrendered.
SUR-RfiN'DER-EE (-OR, in law), n. The tenant
who surrenders an estate into the hands of his
lord.
SUR-REP'TION, n. A coming unperceived.
SUR-REP-TI"TIOUS (-ttsh'us), a. Done by stealth
or fraudulently ; secret.
SUK-RELVTI'TIOUS-LY (-ttsh'us-ly),ad. By stealth,
fraudulently.
SCR'RO-GATE, n. In a general sense, a delegate,
deputy, or substitute ; an officer who acts as
the deputy of the bishop's chancellor ; one who
has the probate of wills. [U.S.]
SUR-ROUND', v. t. To enclose on all sides; to
fence about. SYN. To environ; encompass; in-
vest; encircle.
SUR-SOL'ID, n. The fifth power of a number.
SUR-TOUT (sur-toof), n. A close overcoat.
SUR-VEIL'LANCE (sur-val'yance), n. [Fr.] in-
spection; watch; guard.
SUR-VEY' (sur-va'), y. t. To view attentively ;
to inspect ; to examine with a reference to con-
dition, situation, and value ; to measure, as
land.
SCR'VEY (surVa), n. A particular view or exami-
nation of any thing, as the survey of a country,
of the coasts, of a piece of property, &c. ; a strict
examination into the state of a ship, made by
officers appointed for the purpose.
SUR-VEY'AL (sur-va'al), n. The act of making a
survey ; a viewincr.
SUR-VEY'ING (-va'ing), n. That branch of mathe-
matics which teaches the art of measuring land.
SUR-VET'OR (-va'or), n. An overseer; one who
measures land ; an inspector of goods, highways,
&c.
SUR-VEY'OR-SHIP, n. The office of a surveyor.
SUR-Vl'VAL, n. A living beyond another.
SUR-VI'VANCE, n. Survivorship.
SUR-VIVE', v. t. To live beyond the life of another,
or beyond any event.
SUR-VIVE', v. i. To remain alive.
SUR-VIV'OR, n. One who outlives another; the
longer liver of two joint tenants.
SUR-VIV'OR-SHIP, n. The state of surviving
others : the office of a survivor, in law.
SUS-CEP-TI-BIL'I-TY, 7 n. The quality of re-
! PTI-BLE-NESS, j ceiving impressions,
or admitting some change, affection, or passion.
SYN. Capability; sensibility; emotion.
SUS-CEP'TI-BLE, a. Capable of receiving; im-
pressible ; tender ; having nice sensibility.
PTI-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of suscep-
tibii;
SUS-CEFTI-BLY, ad. In a susceptible manner.
SUS-CEP'TlVE, a. Capable of admitting.
SUS-CIP'I-EN-CY, n. The act or state of recep-
tion : admission.
SUS-CIP'I-ENT, a. Having the power or quality of
receiving ; admitting.
SUS-CiP'I-ENT, n. One who takes or admit s.
SOS'CI-TATE, v. t. To rouse to life and action ; to
excite ; to stir up ; to resuscitate.
SUri-PET', v. t. To imagine or mistrust some-
thing on slight evidence ; to hold to be uncertain.
SYN. To doubt ; conjecture ; mistrust.
SUS-PET', v. i. To imagine guilt.
SUS-PET'ED-LY, ad. So as to be suspected.
SUS-PET'ED-NE^S, n. State of being suspected.
T'ER, n. One who suspects.
SUS-PENIX, v. t. To attach to something above ;
to make depend on ; to cause to cease for a time ;
to debar from any privilege ; to hold in a state
undetermined. SYN. To hang ; intermit ; delay.
- D'E R, n. One that suspends.
j/L Straps to sustain trousers ;
braces.
\'SE', n. State of uncertainty ; doubt ; de-
lay; suspension.
N'SIOX (-pon'shun), n. The act 01
ing up ; cessation for a time ; temporary priva-
tion of powers.
SUS-PEN'SlVE, o. Doubtful ; uncertain.
sus
460
SWE
1, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c. t short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
SUS-PEN'SO-RY, o. That supends or holds for a
time; n. a truss.
SUS-PI"CION (sus-pfsh'un), n. Act of suspecting.
STN. Mistrust; jealousy; doubt.
SUS-P1"CIOUS (-plsh'us), o. Apt to suspect; lia-
ble to be suspected. SYN. Distrustful ; doubtful ;
jealous, which see.
SU3-PX"CIOUS-LY (-pish'us-ly), ad. With suspi-
cion.
SUS-Pl"CIOUS-NESS, n. Liableness to suspicion.
SUS-PI'RAL, n. A breathing-hole or vent.
SUS-PI-RA'TION, n. A long breath ; a sigh.
SUS-PIRE', v. t. To fetch a long, deep breath.
SUS-TAIN', v. t. To keep from sinking; to bear
up ; to maintain ; to endure. SYN. To support ;
uphold ; assist ; relieve ; suffer ; undergo.
SUrf-TAIN'A-BLE, o. That can be supported.
SUS-TAIN'ER, n. He or that which sustains.
SUS-TALN'MENT, n. The act of sustaining ; sup-
SUS-TAL'TI, a. Mournful ; affecting, as music.
StJSTE- NANCE, n. Food that sustains; mainte-
nance ; that which supports life.
SUS-TEN-TA'TION, n. Support from falling;
maintenance of life.
S LT-SUR-RA'TION, n. A whispering; soft mur-
mur.
SOT'LER, n. One who attends an army to sell
provisions and liquors to the troops.
SUT-TEE', n. In India, a widow who is burnt on
the funeral pile of her husband ; in the Sanscrit, a
female deity.
BUT-TEE'ISM, n. The practice of self-immolation
among widows in Hindostan.
StJT'TLE, n. Neat; the weight of goods from
which the "tare" has been deducted.
SUT'OR-AL (sut'yur-al), o. Relating to suture or
seam.
SUT'URE (sut'yur), n. Literally, a sewing; hence,
the uniting parts of a wound by sewing; the
joints or seams of the skull.
SWAB (swob), n. A mop for cleaning floors; a bit
of sponge for cleaning the mouth.
SWAB (swob), v. t. To wipe with a swab; to wipe
when wet or after washing ; to clean a door or
deck.
SWAB'BER, n. One who uses a swab.
SWADDLE (swod'dl), v. t. To swathe or bind, as
with a bandage ; to bind round with clothes, as
an infant.
SWAD'DLE (swSd'dl), n. Clothes bound round the
body.
SWAD'DLING-BAND, \n. A cloth wrapped
SWAD'DLING-LpTH, 5 round an infant.
SWAG, v. i. To sink down by its weight ; to lean.
SWAGE, v. t. To form with a swage ; to fashion a
piece of iron by drawing it into a groove or mould
having the required shape.
SWAGE, n. Among workmen in sheet iron, a tool
used for making mouldings upon sheet-iron.
SWAG'GER, v. i. To boast or brag noisily; to
bully ; to bluster.
SWAG'GER-ER, n. One who brags and bullies ; a
boastful, noisy fellow.
SWAG'GY, a. Hanging or leaning by its weight.
SWAIN, n. A youth; one employed in husbandry.
SWAM3, v. i. To melt and run down, as a candle.
SWALE, n. A tract of low land ; an interval.
SWAL'LOW (swoTlo), n. A genus of birds having
great swiftness of flight.
SWAL'LOW, v. t. To take down the throat ; to
draw into an abyss ; to exhaust ; to receive im-
plicitly; to engross; to engage completely.
SWAMP (swomp), 7i. Wet, soft, spongy ground.
SWAMP (swomp), v. t. To plunge, overset, or sink
in water, as a boat ; to plunge in inextricable
difficulties.
SWAM^'Y, a. Wet, soft, and spongy.
SWAN (swon), n. A large white water-fowl.
SWANS'DOWN (swonz'down), n. A fine, soft
woollen cloth.
SWAN'-SKIN, n. A fine soft kind of flannel.
FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TfiRM J MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
SWAP (swop), v. t. To exchange one thing for ano-
ther ; to barter ; to swop.
SWARD, n. The grassy surface of land; turf;
that part of the soil which is filled with the roots
of grass, forming a kind of mat.
SWARD, v. t. To cover with sward.
SWARD'ED, o. Covered with sward.
SWARD'Y, a. Covered with sward or grass.
SWA KM, n. A large number or body of small ani-
mals or insects in motion ; a great multitude or
assemblage.
SWARM, v. i. To crowd together ; to leave a hive
in a body, as bees ; to appear or collect in a crowd ;
to run ; to throng together ; to be crowded ; to
breed multitudes ; to climb up a tree, &c.
SWARM, v. t. To crowd or throng.
SWART, -)o. Being of dark hue; moderately
SWARTH, ) black ; tawny.
SWARTH'I-LY, ad. With a tawny hue; duskily.
SWARTH'I-NESS, n. A dark complexion.
SWARTH'Y (swor'thy), a. Of a dark hue ; tawny ;
black.
SWASH (swosh), n. A blustering noise; vapour-
ing ; violent flow of water or other liquids ; a nar-
row sound or channel of water.
SWATH, n. A line of grass or grain cut and
thrown together by the scythe in mowing ; the
whole breadth or sweep of a scythe ; a band or
fillet.
SWATHE, v. t. To wrap and bind with cloth,
bandage, or rollers.
SWAY (swa), v. t. To move or wave ; to wield with
the hand, as to sicay the sceptre ; to cause to lean
to one side ; to influence or direct by power, &c.
SYN. To swing ; move ; wave ; bias ; rule.
SWAY, u. i. To be drawn to one side ; to lean ; to
have weight or influence ; to bear rule.
SWAY (swa), n. Anything moving with bulk or
power ; preponderance of power, influence, &c. ;
weight or authority inclining to one side. SYN.
Rule ; direction ; power ; ascendency.
SWAY'LESS, a. Without power or authority.
SWJEAL, v. i. To inelt and run down ; to waste
away, as tallow.
SWEAR (4) (sware), v. i. [pret. and pp. SWORE ; pp.
SOWRN.] To affirm with a solemn appeal to God
for the truth of what is affirmed ; to give evidence
on oath ; to be profane.
SWEAR, v. t. To cause to take an oath ; v. i. to de-
clare or charge upon oath.
SWEAK'ER, n. One who swears ; a profane per-
son.
SWEARING (sware'-), n. Profaneness ; the act of
declaring on oath.
SWEAT (swet), n. The sensible moisture which
issues through the pores of an animal.
SWEAT (swet), v. t. or v. i. [pret. and pp. SWEAT
or .SWEATED.] To produce or emit moisture
through the pores ; to toil ; to dru< '.
SWEATI-NESS (swt'te-ness), n. Moisture from
sweat.
SWEATY (swet'ty), a. Moist with sweat.
SWE'DISH, o. Pertaining to Sweden.
SWEEP, t;. t. [pret. and pp. SWEPT.] To clean 01
brush with a broom; to pass along; to fetch a
long stroke ; to carry with a long swing or drag-
ging motion ; to draw or drag over.
SWEEP, v. i. To pass with swiftness and vio-
lence ; to pass with pomp ; to move with a long
reach.
SWEEP, n. Act of sweeping ; compass or range
of any turning body or motion ; a large oar ; a
chimney-sweeper.
SWEEP'ER, n. One that sweeps.
SWEEP'ING-LY, ad. By sweeping.
SWEEP'INGS, n. pi. What is swept together;
refuse things collected by sweeping.
SWEEP'STAKE, 71. One who wins all.
SWEEP'STAKES, n. pi. The whole money or other
things staked or won at a horse-race.
SWEEFY, a. Passing over a great compass.
SWEET, o. Grateful to the taste, smell, car, or
SWE
461
SYE
6VE, WQLF, BOOK ; BftLE, B^LL ; Vlf'CIOUS-
eye; not sour; fresh. STN. Sugary; saccharine;
luscious.
SWEKT, n. That which is sweet; something
pleasing or grateful to the mind ; a word of fond-
SWEET-BREAD, n. The pancreas, a gland of the
body below the stomach.
8WEET-BRI-ER, n. A fragrant shrub.
SWEETEN (53) (swe'tn), v. t. To make sweet; to
make pleasing or grateful to the mind ; to soften ;
to make delicate ; to restore to purity.
SWEETEN, v. i. To become sweet.
SWEET.EN-ER (swo'tn-er), n. That which gives
sweetness ; he that palliates ; that which mode-
rates acrimony.
SWEET-HEART, n. A lover or one beloved.
SWEETTNG, n. A sweet apple ; a, word of endear-
ment.
SWEETISH, a. Somewhat sweet or grateful to
the taste.
SWEET'LY, ad. In a sweet manner; gratefully;
delightfully.
SWEET-MAR'JOR-AM, n. A pungent and grate-
fully aromatic herb, belonging to the genus ori-
ganum.
SWEETMEAT, n. Fruit preserved with sugar.
SWEET'N ESS, . Gratefulness to the taste, smell,
Ac.; the quality of being sweet; agreeableness
of manners ; softness ; amiableness.
SWEET-WlL'LIAM, n. A beautiful species of pink
of the genus diantlius.
SWELL, c. t. [pret. SWELLED.] To increase the
size, dimensions, or bulk of any thing; to aggra-
vate ; to heighten ; to enlarge.
SWELL, v. i. To grow larger ; to dilate or extend.
SWELL, n. Extension of bulk ; increase, as of
sound ; a wave or succession of waves. Swell-
mob, the better-dressed kind of thieves or pick-
pockets.
SWELL'ING, n. A place enlarged ; a tumour ; a
rising or enlargement by passion.
SWELTER, v. i. or v. t. To be overcome and faint
with heat ; to oppress with heat.
SWELTRY, a. Suffocating with heat; oppres-
sive ; sultry.
SWERVE (13), v. t. To deviate or to err from a
rule; to wander; to bend; to incline; to move
forward by winding or turning.
SWERVING, n. The act of wandering ; deviation
from any law, rule, or standard.
SWIFT, a. Moving with celerity. SYN. Rapid;
speedy ; ready ; prompt.
SWIFT, n. A reel ; a kind of swallow, and a lizard.
SWIFTER, n. Any rope temporarily used to tighten
or keep a thing in its place.
SWIFTLY, ad. Rapidly ; with haste or velocity.
SWIFTNESS, n. Velocity of speed ; rapidity.
SWIG, v. t. or v. i. To drink in large draughts.
SWlG.n. A large draught. [Vulgar.]
SWlLL, v. t. To drink largely or voraciously.
SWILL, n. Drink for swine; large draughts of
liquor.
SW1 LL'ER, n. One who drinks voraciously.
SWIM, v. i. [pret. SWAJI : To be sup-
ported on a fluid without sinking; to float ; to
move in water by means of the hands and feet ;
to be borne along by a current ; to be dizzy, as
the head swims; to overflow or abound.
SWIM, v. t. To pass or move on.
SWlM'MEK, 7i. One who swims or can swim.
SWlM'MINlr, n. A moving on water ; dizziness.
SWlM'MING-LY, a<l. Without obstruct]
SWlN'DLE, v. t. To defraud grossly or with de-
liberate artifice.
SWlN'DLE, n. An act of gross and deliberate
fraud by false pretences.
SWlN'DLER, n. A cheat; one who defrauds
grossly, or with deliberate artifice. SYX. Sharper.
One who obtains money or ^t >><!-; ur.i'-
pretences is a swindler; one v- y sharp-
practice, as in playing at cards or staking what
Le -can not pay, is a sharper.
- -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; OH as SH ; THIS.
SWINE, n. sing, and pi. A hog or hogs,
SWINE'-H ERD, n. A keeper of swine.
S \V I N K'-POX, n. A variety of chicken-pox.
SWING, v. t. or v. t. [pret. and pp. SWUNG J To
move when suspended; to move or wind round;
to practise swinging.
SWING, n. A waving or vibratory motion ; sweep ;
unrestrained liberty ; an apparatus for swinging.
SWING'-BKIDGE, n. A bridge that may be moved
by s\vinging.
SWINGE, v. t. To beat soundly; to chastise.
SWlNG'ER, n. One who swings ; one who hurls.
SWlNG'ING, n. The act of swinging ; an exercise
for health or pleasure.
SWlN'GING (swinging), o. Huge; large. [Ful-
: ING-LY, ad. Hugely ; vastly.
SWlN G 'GLE (swmg'gl), v. t. To clean flax or hemp
by beating ; to dangle.
SWlNG'GLE-TREE (swmg'gl-), n. A bar of a car-
riage, to which the traces are fastened ; a whipple-
tree.
SW I NG'G LING-KNIFE,) n. An instrument of
SWlNG'GLE (swmg'gl), j wood, like a large
knife, for swing-ling flax.
SWING'GLING-TOW, n. The coarse part of flax.
SWIN'ISH, a. Like swine; gross; brutish.
SWIN'ISH-LY, ad. In a swinish manner.
SWIPE, "> The beam, moving on a post or ful-
SWEEP, j crum, with a bucket at one end, by
which water is raised from a wt ]].
SWISS, n. A native of Switzerland.
SWITCH, n. A flexible twig; on railways, ti mov-
able part of the rail, for transferring a carriage
from one track to another.
SWITCH, v. t. To strike with a small twig or rod ;
to switch off, to transfer by means of a switch
from one line of railway to another.
SWITCH'MAN, n. One who tends a railroad
switch.
SWIVEL (sw*v'vl), n. A ring turning on a staple ;
a small cannon fixed on a socket, so as to be
turned round.
SWIVEL, v. t. or v. t. To turn on a nioveable pin.
<3TyAT> \
SWOB'BEB.f See SAVAB > SWAB BEB.
SWOON, v. i. To faint ; to sink into a faiuting-fit.
SWOON, n. A fainting-fit ; syncope,
S\V( >! ) N'ING, n. A fainting ; syncope.
SWOOP, v. t. To fall on with a sweeping motion
and seize ; to catch while on the wing.
SWOOP, v. t. To pass with pomp.
P, K. A pouncing on, as a bird of prey.
SWOP, v. t. To exchange; to barter; to give one
commodity for another.
SWORD (sord), n. A weapon for cutting or stab-
bing.
SWORD'-BELT, n. A belt to suspend a sword by.
SWORD'ED, a. Bearing a sword.
SWORD'-FISH, n. A fish with a long beak, formed
like a sword.
SWORD'-GRASS, n. A kind Of sedge; the sweet
rush.
SWORD-KNOT (-n<5t), n. A ribbon tied to tho
hilt of a sword.
SWOKDS'MAN, n. A soldier; a fighting man.
SYB'A-RlTE, n. A person devoted to luxury.
\-RlTI, a. Luxurious; wanton.
SY'A-MINE, ) n. A species of fig-tree ; iinpro-
St!'A-MORE, / perly, maple and plane-tree.
SST-CKE', n. In China, silver in the shape of small
half globes, used as currency.
: I A X -CY, n. Mean tale-bearing ; servility ;
obsequious flattery.
i ' MANT, n. An obsequious flatterer ; a para
site.
SYC-O-PHANTI, ) a. Servilely flattering;
SY-O-PHANT'I-AL, j" courting favour by mean
adulation.
T-IZE..U. t. To play the sycophant.
'E-NlTE, u. A granite in which the mica is re-
placed by hornblende.
SYL
462
SYN
I, fi, &c., long. I, 6, &c., short. CARS, AB, LAST,
SYL-LABT0, a. Pertaining to syllables.
SYL-LAB'I-AL-LY, ad. In a syllabic manner.
SYL-LAB-I-eA'TION, n. The formation of sylla-
bles, or devision of words into syllables.
SYL'LA-BLE, n. A letter or combination of let-
ters uttered by one impulse of the voice.
SYL'LA-BUS, n.; pi. SYL'LA-BUB-ES or SYL'LA-BI.
An abstract or compendium containing the heads
of a discourse.
SYL-LEP'SIS, n. In grammar, a figure by which
we conceive the sense of words otherwise than
the words import, and construe them according
to the sense of the author.
SYL'LO-GISM, n. An argument of three proposi-
tions, of which the first two are called the prem-
ises, and the last the conclusion.
SYL-LO-G1S'T1!, a. Pertainingto asyllogism.
SYL-LO-GISTK3-AL-LY, ad. In the syllogistic
form.
SYL'LO-GIZE, v. t. To argue syllogistically.
SYLPH (sflf), n. An imaginary being inhabiting
the air.
SYLPH'ID, n. A diminutive of sylph.
SYL'VA, n. [i.] The forest trees of any region; a
work containing a botanical description of them.
SYL'VAN. See SILVAN.
SYL'VAN, n. A fabled deity of the wood; a satyr;
a faun ; sometimes, a rustic.
SYM'BOL, n. The sign or representation of any
moral thing by images or properties of natural
things ; an emblem or type; a creed or summary
of religious belief.
SYM-BOL'LG, \a. Representative; expressing
SYM-BOL'IG-AL.J by resemblance or signs De-
lating to creeds.
SYM-BGL'I-AL-LY, ad. By signs; typically.
SYM-BOL'IS, n. pi. The science of creeds .
SYM'BOL-I$M, n. Exposition of symbols; forma-
tion of creeds.
SYM'BOL-IZE, v. i. To have a resemblance in pro-
perties or qualities ; to agree ; v. t. to make to
agree in properties ; to make representative of
something.
SYM-BOL'O-GY, n. Art of expressing by symbols.
SYM-MET'RI-AL, a. Proportional in its parts.
SYM-MET'RI-AL-LY, ad. With due propor-
tions.
SYM'ME-TRIZE, v. i. To reduce to proportion.
bYM'ME-TRY, n. Proportion of parts to each oth-
er or to the whole; harmony. See PROPORTION.
SYM-PA-THET'I!, \a. Having a common
SYM-PA-THET'I-AL, j feeling; susceptible of
being affected by feelings like those of another ;
sympathetic ink is any liquor which remains invi-
sible in writing till heated. [ing-
SYM-PA-THET'I-AL-LY, ad. With common feel-
SYM'PA-THIZE, v. i. To be like affected with
others ; to have a fellow feeling with those around
us, especially in their afflictions.
SYMTA-THY, n. Literally, suffering with ; the qua-
lity of being affected in like manner with others ;
fellow-feeling with those around us, especially in
their afflictions. SYN. Commiseration. Sympathy
is literally a fellow-feeling with others in their
varied conditions of joy or of grief. The term,
however, is now more commonly applied to a fel-
low-feeling with others under affliction, and then
coincides very nearly with commiseration or com-
passion.
SYM-1'HOTJI-OUS, a. Agreeing in sound; har-
monious.
SYM'PHO-NY, n. A consonance or harmony of
sounds agreeable to the ear ; a full concert ; an
overture or other composition for instruments.
SYM-PI-E-$GM'K-TEK, n. A small kind of barome-
ter much used at sea, because not liable to get
out of order, in which oil and hydrogen gas re-
place mercury, and the Torricellian vacuum.
8YM-PO'SI-A (-poze-ak;, n. A conference or
conversation of philosophers at a banquet.
SYM-PO'SI-UM (-po'zhe-um), n. A drinking co-
gother ; a merry feast.
JT4LL, WHAT ; THRE, TERM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
SYMP'TOM, n. An indication accompanying a
disease ; any thing which indicates the existence
of something else ; token ; sign.
SYMP-TOM-AT I, a. Pertaining to symptoms ;
proceeding from a prior disease.
SYMP-TOM-AT'I-AL-LY, ad. By symptoms.
SYN, prefix. With, together, junction, &c.
SYN-^H'E-SIS (-Sr'e-sis), n. Contraction; the
shortening of a word by the omission of a letter.
SYN-A-GGG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to a synagogue.
SYN'A-GOGUE, n. An assembly of Jews or their
place of worship.
SYN-A-LE'PHA, n. In grammar, a contraction of
syllables by the suppression of vowels or diph-
thongs at the end of a word before another vowel
or diphthong.
SYN'AR-HY, n. Joint sovereignty.
SYN'-GHRO-NAL, ) , , , , (a. Happening at
SYN-HKON'I-ALJ (sm * ')> { the same time;
simultaneous.
SYN'!HRO-MI$M, n. Simultaneousness ; concur-
rence of two or more events in time.
SYN'!HRO-NIZE, v. i. To agree in time ; to be
simultaneous.
SYNCHRONOUS, a. Happening at the same time.
SYN-<DLl'NAL, a. Applied to strata dipping in-
wards from opposite directions, like the leaves of
a half-opened book.
SYN-CLl'NAL, a. Inclining downward in an op-
site direction, so as to meet in a common point,
thus V.
SYN'1O-PATE (slng'-j, v. t. To contract, as a
by taking one or more letters from a syllable ; to
prolong a note in music.
SYN--eO-PA'TION, n. Contraction of a word; in-
terruption of regular measure in music ; a pro-
longing of a note begun on the unaccented par t
of a bar to the accented part of the next bar.
SYN'O-PE (sing'-), n. Literally, a cutting off or
diminution ; hence, the omitting of a letter or
syllable ; the diminution or interruption of the
motion of the heart producing faintness or
swooning.
SYN'O-PIZE, v. t. To shorten by omitting a
letter in the middle of a word.
SYN'RE-TISM, n. The attempted union of prin-
ciples or parties irreconcilably at variance.
SYtt'DK/', n. A magistrate; an officer of govern-
ment ; one chosen to act for others.
SYN'DI-ATE, n. A council of syndics.
SYN'DRO-ME, n. Concurrence or combination, as
of symptoms in a disease.
S~XN-E'DO-!HE, n. A trope by which a part i?
put for the whole, and the contrary.
SYN-E!-D(>H'I!-AL (-dok'ik-al), a. Expressed
by synecdoche ; implying a synecdoche.
SYN'OD, n. Originally, a meeting of clergymen for
consultation ; in the Presbyterian Church, a. body
or court next above the presbytery ; a conjunc-
tion of two or more planets.
SYN'OD-AL, n. A pecuniary rent anciently paid
to bishops ; a. relating to a synod.
SYN-GD'K!, ) a. Done by a synod ; pertaining
SYN-OD'I-AL, j to a synod; noting the period
in which two heavenly bodies pass from one con-
iunction to another, as a synodical month.
SYX <>D'ie-AL-LY, ad. By the authority of a
synod.
SYN'O-NYM, n. ; pi. SYN'O-NYMS. A word which
has the same signification as another word.
SY-NON[Y-MA, n. pi. Words having the same sig-
nification.
SY.N-OVY-MIZE, v. t. To express the same mean-
ing by different words.
SYN-ON'Y-MOTJS, a. Having the same meaning;
conveying the same idea. SYN. Identical. Fet-r
words are identical, but many so closely approach
one another in meaning, that they are called
synonymous. (1.) Words may thus coincide in
certain connections, and so be interchanged, when
they can not be interchanged in other connec-
tions : thus we may speak either of strength of
SYX
463
TA.G
DOVE, W9LF, BQQK; B^LE, BULL ; Vl"CIOUS.
mind or of force of mind, but we say the force (not
strength) of gravitation. (2.) Two words may differ
slightly, but this difference may be unimportant to
the speaker's object, so that he may freely inter- '
change them ; thus, we speak of a man as having
secured his object or having attained his object.
SYN-ONT-MOUS-LY, ad. In the same s<
SYN-ON'Y-MY, n. The quality of expressing the
same meaning in different words.
SYN-OP'SLS, n. ; pi. SYN-OP'SES. A general view or
a collection of things or parts so arranged as
to exhibit the whole, or the principal parts, in a
general view. See ABIUDGMKNT.
SYN-GP'TI, ") a. Affording a general view of
SYN-OFTI-G-AL, I all the parts.
SYN-OP'TI-AL-LY, ad. So as to present a gene-
ral view in a short compass.
l^-TASl&AL, } a ' Pertaining to syntax.
SYNTAX, n. In grammar, the construction of
sentences according to correct usage ; it includes
the agreement and government of words.
SYN'THE-SIS, n. ; pi. SYN'THE-SJES. Literally, com-
position, or putting things together; hence, in
logic, a process of reasoning conducted by fol-
lowing out principles already proved or assumed,
to the conclusion. Synthesis is the opposite of
analysis.
SYNTHETIC, ") a. Pertaining to synthesis or
SYN-THT'I-AL, j composition.
SYN-THET'I-AL-LY, ad. By synthesis.
SYPH'I-LIS (slf-), n. The venereal disease.
SYPH-I-LIT'K), a. Pertaining to syphilis.
SY'PHON. See SIPHON.
SYE'I-A, a. Pertaining to Syria, as the Syriac
version of the Pentateuch ; n. the language of
Syria.
SYR'I-AN, n. A native of Syria.
SYB/INGE, n. A pipe for injecting liquids; v. t.
to inject or cleanse with a syringe.
SYR'TIS, n. [L.] A quicksand.
SYR'UP, -n. A saturated solution of sugar.
SYS'TEM, n. An assemblage of things adjusted
into a regular whole; a scheme having many
parts connected together, as a system, of theology;
regular order or method.
SYS-TEM-ATI, ) o. Pertaining to system ;
SYS-TEM-ATTC-AL.j methodical; connected:
formed with regular connection and adaptation of
parts to each other.
SYS-TEM-AT'I-AL-LY, ad. With method: or-
derly.
SYS'TEM-A-TlZE, ") v. t. To reduce to system or
SYS'TEM-IZE, 5 order.
SYSTEM-A-TIZ-EK, ") n. One who reduces to sys-
SYS'TEM-IZ-ER, j tern.
SYS'TO-LE, n. The shortening of a syllable ; con-
traction of the heart and arteries for circulating
the blood.
SYS-TOL'I, a. Eclating to systole.
SYSTYLE (sls'tu), n. An arrangement of columns
so that the spaces between the shafts consist of
two diameters.
SYTHE. See SCYTHE.
SYZT-GY, n. The period of new or full moon,
when the sun, moon, and earth are in one line.
T.
Tthe twentieth letter of the alphabet, is a pure
> mute, not having a vocality like its ally D,
but only a whispered or aspirated sound, as in
tafce. Th has an aspirated or sharp sound, as in
thick, and a vocal or flat sound, as in t?u; .
i before another vowel, unaccented, and not
preceded by s, it usually passes into the sound of
7i, as in station, martial, &c. ; but not in combus-
tion, &c. As a numeral, it represented 160 ; with a
dash, over it, 160,000.
easK; oasj; s as z ; CfiassH; SHIS.
TAB'ARD, i. A sleeveless coat, now worn only by
heralds.
TAB'ARD-ER, n. One who wears a tabard or her-
ald's coat.
TAB-A-SHEER', n. A silicious substance found in
the joints of the bamboo, and used in medicine.
TAB'Bl-NET, n. A figured cloth of silk and
worsted.
TAB'BY, a. Brindled ; diversified in colour.
TAB'BY, n. A waved silk, usually watered; an
artificial stone composed of lime, with shells,
gravel, &c.
TAB'BY, v. t. To give a wavy appearance to silk
fabrics, &c. ; to cause to look wavy.
TAB-E-FA-G'TION, n. A wasting away, as of flesh
bv disease.
Tl'BER, .See TABOUR.
TAB'ER-NA-eLE, n. A moveable building ; a tent;
a place of worship to the Israelites when in the
desert.
TABEE-NA-LK, v. i. To dwell; to reside for a
time.
TA'BES (ta'bez), n. [L.] A disease characterized
by a gradually progressive emaciation of the
body.
TAB' ID, a. Wasted by disease.
TAB'ID-NESS, n. tetate of being wasted by dis-
TAB'LA-TCRK, n. Painting on walls; manner of
writing a piece for instruments of music by let-
ters.
TA'BLE, n. A flat surface ; an article of house-
hold furniture on which things are put ; food or
enter t ;. good table; a tablet or plane
surface on which any thing is written, &c. ; an
index or synopsis, as a table of contents ; a sys-
tem of numbers calculated for use in mathema-
tics as the multiplication table ; to turn the tables;
to change the f> >rtuue of contending parties.
TA'BLE, v. t. To enter or set down in order, as to
table charges; to lay ou the table of a deliberative
body ; to board.
TAJi'LT-1.: ,n. [Fr.] A striking and vivid
representation; picture.
TA'BLE-BooK, n. A book for noting or tracing
on without ink; tablets.
TA'B I . ; . A cloth to cover a table.
'LA 'in. i: !>' lln'i i. \ ;i 'bl df.te), n. [Fr.] A common
tablt' it a hotel ; an ordinary.
TA'BL ; -d flat land.
TA'BLES i ta'lil/. ) , n. pi. A board for backgammon ;
a sort of dra ,
TAB'Ll. : le ; aflat surface; some-
thing flat ou which to write, paint, draw, or en-
i'orm.
TA'BLE-TALK (-ta wk ) , n. Conversation at table.
tg into tables ; the letting
one timber i L- by alternate scores or
projections; au entering, as of charges.
TA-BOO', n. I </ the Pacific, a word de-
noting prohibition; a religious interdict of great
force among the inhabitants.
TA-BOO', v. t. To forbid approach to ; to hold sa-
cred.
TA'BOUR, v. t. To play on a tabour ; to beat lightly
and frequently.
TA'BOUR, n. A small drum used as an accompani-
ment to a pipe or lite.
TAFlKET T j n - A tabour '* a smaU shallow drum.
TAB'OU-RINE, (tab'o-reen), n. A tambourine.
LAB, u. Formed into a table or square
blocks.
TAB'0-LATE, r. t. To reduce to a table or tables ;
to make flat.
TA-eH'OM-E-TER, n. An instrument for measur-
ing small varirii i<>ns in the velocity of machines.
i-a-fy), n. The art or
practice of quick writing ; stenography ; short-
hand.
TAC'IT, a. Implied, but not expressed; silent.
TAC 1T-LY, ad. By implication ; with silence.
TAG
464
TAL
I, fi &c., long. X, i, &c., short clRE, FAR, LIST, F4LL, WH^T ; TH^RE, T*RM ; MARINB, Bteo ;
TAC'I-TURN, o. Not free to converse ; not apt to
talk or speak. SYN. Silent. Silent has reference
to the act, taciturn to the habit. A man may be
silent from circumstances ; he is taciturn from
disposition. The loquacious man is at times
silent; one who is taciturn may now and then
make an effort at conversation.
TAC-I-TOEN'I-TY, n. Habitual silence ; reserve.
TACK, n. A small nail; a rope to fasten the fore-
most lower corner of a sail, and extend it to
windward; the course of a ship, as the starboard
tack.
TACK, r. t. To fasten j to sew; to fasten slightly
by nails.
TACK, v. i. To change the course of a ship by
shifting the tacks and position of the sails i'rorn
one side to the other.
TACK'LE (tilkTd), n. Ropes and machines for
raising weights ; weapons ; the rigging aud appa-
ratus for hoisting sails in a ship.
TACK'LE, t 1 . t. To harness a horse into a carriage ;
to lay hold of, as a dog tacWes game.
TACK' LING, n. Furniture of ships ; harness for
drawing a carriage.
TACT, 11, Literally, touch; hence, nice perception
or discernment j peculiar skill or aptitude.
TA (J'TI!, > a. Pertaining to the art of mili-
TA!'TI-AL,J tary and naval dispositions for
battles, evolutions, &c.
TAt!-Tl"CIAN (-tish'an), n. One versed in tactics.
TA-6TKJS, n. pi. The science and art of disposing
military and naval forces in order for battle, &c.
T ATl LE, a. Tangible ; that may be felt.
TAG-TlL'I-TY, n. Perceptibility of touch.
TA'TION (tak'shun),n. Touch; act of touching.
TAT'LESS, a. Destitute of tact.
TAT'0-AL (t$kt'yu-al), a. Pertaining to the
touch.
TAD'POLE, n. A young frog before the tail is ab-
sorbed.
TA'EN, a contraction of taken.
T.YF'FKR-EL,) n. The uppermost rail of a ship's
TAFF EAIL, J stern.
TAFTE-TY
> e loss y silk stuff -
TAG, n. A metallic point at the end of a string, or
the string thus pointed ; something paltry.
TAG, n. A common play among boys.
TAG, v. t. To fit with a point.
TAG'-TAIL, n. A worm with a differently coloured
tail.
TAGL'IA (tal'ya), n. [It.] In mechanics, q particu-
lar combination of pulleys.
TAGL-IA-fe'OTIAN (tal-ya-ko'shan), o. Rhino-
plastic; applied to the surgical experiment for
restoring the nose.
TAIL, 11. The part of an animal which terminates
its body behind ; the hinder part of any thing ;
the lower or inferior part.
TAIL, n. An estate in tail is a limited fee; an
estate limited to certain heirs.
TAl'LOB, n. One whose occupation is to make
men's clothes.
TAl'LOB, f. i. To work as a tailor.
TAI'LOR-ESS, n. A female who makes garments
for men.
TAINT, v. t. To imbue or impregnate with some
foreign matter which alters, especially in the way
of injuring; to iill with infection; to stain or
sully, as to taint one's honour. SYN. To contam-
inate; defile; corrupt; vitiate.
TAINT, v. i. To be fnfected or corrupted, as meat
soon taints in warm weather.
TAINT, n. The quality of infection ; corruption.
TAINT'LESS, a. Free from taint or infection.
TAINT'ORE (tant'yur), n. Taint; defilement;
spot.
TAKE, v. t. [pret. TOOK ; pp. TAKEN.] In a general
sense, to get hold or possession ot :i .thing in al-
most any way; hence, to receive what is offered;
to lay hold of or seize ; to receive ; to seize ; to
catch j to swallow; to allow; to suppose; to
hire ; to agree ; v. i. to move or direct the course;
to resort to ; to resemble.
TAK'ER, n. One who takes or apprehends.
TAK'ING, a. Having attractive qualities ; allur-
ing ; that invites.
TAK'ING, n. The act of gaining possession ; agi-
tation or distress of mind.
TAK'ING-NESS, n. The quality of pleasing.
TAL'BOT, n. A variety of dog, noted for its quick-
ness of scent.
TAL'BO-TYPE, n. A species of photography, or a
picture by that process ; calotype.
TAlrG, n. A species of magnesian earth.
TALCK'Y, a. Like talc ; consisting of talc.
TAL'OSE, ) a. Pertaining to or composed of
TAL-G'OUS.i talc; talcky.
TALE, n. A story or narrative of incidents, gen-
erally trifling ; an account set down, or a number
reckoned ; the disclosure of any thing secret.
TALE'BEAR-ER, n. An officious informer.
TALE'BKAR-ING, a. Officiously giving informa-
tion ; n. act of telling secrets.
TALE'FUL, a. Abounding with stories.
TAL'ENT, n. An ancient denomination of weight
and money ; natural gift or endowment, as a tal-
ent for music ; eminent ability, as a man of talent.
SYN. Ability; faculty; gift; endowment; ge-
nius, which see.
TAL'ENT-ED, a. Furnished with talents or skill.
TA'LES (ta'lez), n. pi. [L.] Men occasionally pre-
sent at court, from whom jurors may be taken to
supply a defect in the panel.
TALES'MAN, n, A person summoned as a juror
from among the by-standers at court.
TAL'IS-MAN, n. Something- formed by magical
skill, to which wonderful effects were ascribed,
such as preservation from sickness, injury. &c.
^guratively, that which produces remarkable ef
fects. [evil.
TAL-IS-MANTG, a. Magical; preserving against
TALK (tawk), n. Familiar conversation; confer-
ence ; speech. Sue CONVERSATION.
TALK (tawk), v. t. To speak, as in familiar dis-
course ; to converse.
TALK'A-TIVE (tawk'a-ttv), o. Given to much
talking ; prating ; loquacious ; garrulous, which
TALK'A-TlVE-NESS (tawk'a-tiv-ness), n. The
habit or practice of speaking much in conversa-
tion. SYN. Loquacity; garrulity.
TALK'ER, (tawk'er), n. Oue who talks much; a
boaster.
TALL, a. Elevated in stature ; long and compara-
tively slender. SYN. High ; lofty. High is the
generic term, and is probably connected with the
verb to lieave, or raise up. Tall describes, etymo-
logically, that which shoots up, like a spire of
grass, having a small diameter in proportion to
its height; hence, we speak of a tall man, a tall
steeple, a toll mast, &c., but not of a tall hill or a
tall house. Lofty (Sax., luft, the air) has a special
reference to the expanse above us, and may be
applied to extension in breadth as well as height,
as a lofty mountain, a lofty room. Tall is applied
only to physical objects : high and lofty have a
moral acceptation, as high thought, purpose, &c.,
lofty aspirations, a lofty genius. Lofty, from its
etymology, is naturally the stronger word, and is
usually coupled with the grand, or that which ex-
cites admiration.
TALL'NESS, n. Height of stature.
TAL' LOW (tal 15), n. The hard fat of an animal.
TAL'I.OW, v. t. To smear with tallow; to fatten.
TAL'LOW-CHAN'DLER, n. A maker and seller of
tallow candles.
TAL'LOW-FAC-BD (-faste), n. Having a sickly
complexion ; pale.
TAL'LOW-ISH, a. Having the properties of tal-
low.
TAL'LOW-T, a. Greasy ; consisting of tallow.
TAL'LY, 7i. A notched stick for keeping accounts;
one thing made to suit another.
TAL
4G5
TAR
DfiVE, WOLK, BQ9K; BCLE, BTTLL; Vl"ClOUS
TAL'LY, v. t. or v. i. To fit or be fitted; to agree ;
to score with correspondent notches; to suit.
TAl/LY-HO, ex. The huntsman's cry to his
hounds.
TAL'LY-MAN, n. One who keeps tally.
TAL'MUD, n. The body of the book of Hebrew
traditions, laws, and explanations.
TAL-MOiyi, a. Contained in the Talmud.
TAL'MUD-IST, n. One versed in the Talmud.
TAL-MUD-lST'ie, a. Pertaining to the Talmud;
resembling the Talmud. [ogee.
TAL'ON, n. The claw of a rapacious fowl; an
TA'LUS, n. The bone of the foot which is joined to
the leg ; the ankle ; slope of a rampart ; the in-
clination of any work ; detritus at the base of
cliffs.
A-BLE, a. That may be tamed or subdued.
TAM'A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being tamable.
A-RIND, n. A tree of warm countries, which
bears, in long pods, a pulpy fruit, of a cooling
acid taste, called TAMARINDS.
TAM'BAJ, ?i. A mixture of gold and copper.
TAM'BOUR (tam'boor), n. A small drum; a kind
of embroidered work with threads of gold and
silver ; the frame on which such work is wrought ;
a kind of lobby.
TA M HI H;R, r. t. To embroider with a tambour.
TAM-BOUR-INE' (tani-boor-een'), n. A small
drum; a kind of lively dance, formerly in vogue.
T A M E, a. That has lost its native wildness ; mild ;
accustomed to man ; domestic ; destitute of
yisrour, as a tame character ; gentle, which see.
TAME, v. t. To reclaim from wildness ; to domes-
ticate ; to make gentle ; to civilize ; to subdue.
TAME'LY, ad. With mean submission j servilely;
without manifesting spirit.
TAME'NESS, n. The quality of being tame or
gentle; mean submission.
TA.M'ER, n. One that reclaims from wilduess.
TAM'IS, n. A worsted cloth used for the purpose
of straining sauces.
.MY, n. A thin woollen stuff.
TAMP, v. t. To charge a hole bored for blasting.
TAMTEB, v. i. To meddle with ; to deal with se-
cretly ; to act or practise without fitness or neces-
sity.
TAMPING, n. Matter used to fill the hole in blast-
inc; ; act of filling a hole for blasting.
TA M i'I-ON", ") n. The stopper of a cannon, consist-
I-ON, $ ing of a short cylinder of wood.
TAM'TAM, n. A large flat drum, used by the Hin-
doos.
TAN, v. t. or ,. i. To convert skins into leather;
to make or bocome brown.
TAN, n. Bark bruised and broken for tanning.
TAVA-GER, n. An American bird of several spe-
cies.
TAN'DEM, n. Literally, at length, applied to horses
when they are placed single, one before another;
a light two- wheeled vehicle.
TANGr, n. A strong taste, particularly of some-
tiling extraneous to the thing itself.
TAN'GEN-CY, n. A contact or touching.
TAN'GENT, n. A right line touching but not cut-
ting a curve.
. I-BIL'I-TY, n. Quality of being tangible.
I-BLE, a. That may be touched or realized.
TAN'GI-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being per-
ceptible to the touch or sense of feeling.
TAN'i'il-BLY, ad. Susceptibly to the touch.
TAN G 'GLE (tuug'gl), v. t. To unite or interweave,
so as to make separation difficult, as to tangle
thread ; to ensnare or entrap ; to einbarras.
. LE, v. i. To be entangled or united con-
fusedly.
' LE, n. A knot of thread, confusedly inter-
woven ; a kind of sea-weed.
. n. A reservoir of water ; a cistern.
TANK'ARD, n. A drinking cup with a lid.
N KR, n. One who tans hides.
] R-Y, n. The house and apparatus for tan-
ning leather.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
TA N'NIN, v. The astringent substance of bark.
TA VSY, n. An extremely bitter plant.
TAN'TA-LISM, n. A teasing with vain hopes.
TAN-TA-LI-ZA'TION. n. Act of tantalizing.
TAN'TA-LIZE, v. i. To distress with a prospect.
of good which can not be realized. SYN. To dis-
appoint. To disappoint is literally to do atcay
what was appointed; hence, the peculiar distress
of disappointed hope. To tantalize describes a
most distressing form of disappointment, as in
the case of Tantalus, a Phrygian king in fabulous
history, who was condemned to stand up to his
chin in water, with a tree of fair fruit over his
head, both of which, as he attempted to allay his
hunger or thirst, fled from his approach. Hence to
tantalize is to visit with the bitterest disappoint-
ment to torment by exciting hopes or expecta-
tions which can never be realized.
MO UNT, a. Equivalent in value or signi-
ion; equal.
. ,' Y or TAN'TIV-Y, n. The note of the
hunting horn ; to ride tantivy is to ride with great
: UMS, n. pi. Whims ; bursts of ill-humour.
VT, 71. A vat in which hides are laid in
and its liquor.
UD, n. An inclosure where the tanning of
leather is carried on.
TAP, P. t. To touch lightly; to pierce for letting
out fluid, as to tap a person for dropsy, to tap a
tree ; to open a communication with, as 1
railroad; to broach; to open a cask and draw
liquor.
TAP, n. A gentle touch; a spile or pipe for draw-
ing liquor.
TAPE, n. A narrow fillet or band of woven work,
used for strings, &c.
TA'PER, n. A small wax candle or light.
TA'PER, a. Sloping to a point; becoming gradu-
ally smaller in diameter.
TA'PER, v. t. To make gradually smaller in di-
ameter; v. i. to diminish or gradually become
smaller toward one end.
TA'1'ER-ING, a. Becoming regularly smaller in
diameter toward one end ; diminishing.
TA'PER-NESS, n. The state of being taper.
TAPES-TRY, n. Woven hangings for walls, &J.,
often enriched with gold and silver, representing
figures, <tc.
TRY, v. t. To adorn with tapestry.
TAPE'WORM (-wilrm), n. A flat worm, often of
great length, infesting the intestines.
TIP-HOUSE, n. A house for selling liquors in
small quantities; a dram-shop.
TAP-I-O't'A, 71. The glutinous and nutritious sub-
stance obtained from scraping and washing the
roots of the cassava.
TAP'IS or T^'PIS (tap'e or ta'pis), n. [Fr.] Tapes-
try. On ihe tapis, under consideration or on the
TAP'-ROOT, n. The chief root of a tree running
downward.
TAP STER, n. One who draws liquors.
TAR, 71. A thick, resinous substance obtained frora
pine wood burned with a close, smothered fire ; a
sailor.
TAR, v. t. To smear with tar.
TA-RAN'TU-LA. See TAREXTULA.
TAR'DI-LY, ad. With slow pace.
TAR'UI-NESS, Ti. Slowness of motion ; lateness.
TAR'DY, a. Noting a slow pace or motion ; dila-
, .
tory ; late. See SLOTS*.
TARE, n.
A weed that grows among corn ; a plant
cultivated for fodder ; the vetch.
TARE, n. An allowance in weight for the cask,
chest, or bag in which goods are contained.
TARE. v. t. To mark the weight of tare.
TA-REN'TU-LA, ) n. A species of spider whose
TA-KAN'TU-LA, ) bite is venomous.
T AR'GET, 71. A small buckler or shield ; a mark at
which guns are fired for practice.
TAR-GET-EER', n. One armed with a target.
TAR
466
TAW
I, fi. &c , long. I, fi, &c., short. CAKE, FAB, LAST,
TAE'GUM, :i. A paraphrase of the Scriptures in
the Chaldee language or dialect.
TAE'IFF, n. A list of various articles and goods,
with the duties on them ; a table of duties.
TAE'IFF, r. t. To make a list of duties.
TAE'LA-TAN, n. A kind of book muslin, chiefly
manufactured in Scotland.
TAEN, n. A bog ; a mountain-lake.
TAE'NISH, v. t. To soil by exposure to the air,
dust, &c. ; to diminish or destroy lustre or purity.
SYN. To sully ; stain ; dim.
TAR'NISH, v. i. To lose lustre ; to become dull.
TAE-PAU'LIN, n. A piece of canvas tarred; a
sailor's tarred hat or garment ; a sailor.
TAE'RAS, n. A coarse earth resembling puzzuo-
lana, and used as a cement.
TAR'EY, v. i. To stay or remain in a place ; to
delay. SYN. To abide; continue; lodge; wait;
loiter.
TAE'EY, a. Consisting of tar or like tar.
TAET, a. Noting sharpness of taste or of temper,
as a tart fruit, a tart reply. SYN. Sharp; keen;
severe.
TAET, n. A kind of pie, or pastry, with fruit.
TAE'TAN, n. A woollen stuff checked or cross-
barred with threads of various colours, the dif-
ferent sets, displaying remarkable taste in the
harmony of the colours, distinguished the various
clans of the Highlands of Scotland ; a small coast-
ing vessel with one mast; a long covered carri-
age.
TAR'TAR, 7i. An acid; concrete salt formed on
the sides of wine casks ; a person of an irritable
Pertaining to Tartarus ;
temper ; a native of Tartary.
TAE-TA'RE-AN, \ a.
TAE-TA'RE-OUS, J hellish.
TAE-TA'RE-OUS, }
TAE'TAE-OUS, j a "
TAR-TAR'I, a. Pertaining to Tartary
Consisting of or like tartar.
in Asia.
Tartaric add, the acid of tartar.
T&R-TAR-I-ZA'TION, n. Act of forming tartar.
TAR'TAR-IZE, v. t. To impregnate with tartar.
TAR'TA-EUS, n. The name of the infernal regions
over which Pluto or Hades ruled.
TART'ISH, a. Somewhat tart or acid.
TAET'LY, ad. In a sharp manner ; keenly; with
sourness.
TART'NESS, n. The quality of sharpness of taste ;
sharpness of language or manner. SYN. Sour-
ness; keenness; poignancy; severity; acrimony;
asnerity.
TAE'TRATE, n. A salt formed by the union of
tartaric acid with a base.
TAR-T0FFE' (tar-tuf'), n. A stupid, morose fel-
low ; a hypocritical devotee.
TAE'-WA-TEE, n. A cold infusion of tar, used as
a medicine.
TASK (6), n. Literally, that which is set or fixed;
hence, business imposed by another, generally a
fixed amount of work ; employment ; burdensome
employment ; drudgery. SYN. Work ; labour ;
employment ; toil.
TASK, v. t. To impose something to be done ; to
burden with some employment.
TASK'ER, n. One that imposes tasks.
TASK'-MAS-TER, n. One who imposes tasks.
TAS'SEL, n. A pendent ornament ending in loose
threads, attached to cushions, curtains, &c. ; the
flower or head of some plants, as maize, &c.
TAS'SELED (tas'seld), o. Adorned with tassels.
TAS'SES, n. pi. Armour for the thighs.
TAST'A-BLE, a. That may be tasted ; savoury.
TASTE, v. t. To perceive by the tongue ; to feel ;
to experience ; to relish ; to have pleasure from ;
r. i. to try by the mouth ; to experience ; to
enjoy sparingly.
TASTE, n. The sense of tasting; the sense by
which we perceive the relish of a tiling ; a corre-
spondent sense of the beautiful ; intellectual rel-
ish, as a taste for chemistry ; a little piece tasted
or eaten. SYN. Sensibility ; judgment. Some
ibility, and others as
consider taste as a mere sensil
FALL, WHAT; TJtiiRE, TiK.M ; MARINE, BlKD ; MuVE,
a simple exercise of judgment ; but a union ol
both is requisite to the existence of any thing
which deserves the name. An original sense of
the beautiful is as necessary to aesthetic judg-
ments as a sense of right and wrong to the for-
mation of just conclusions on moral subjects.
But this " sense of the beautiful " is not an arbi-
trary principle. It is under the guidance of rea-
son ; it grows in delicacy and correctness with
the progress of the individual and of society ; it
has its laws in the nature of man ; and the de-
velopment of these laws is the true " standard of
taste."
TASTEE, n. One that tastes ; a dram-cup.
TASTE'FUL, a. Having a high relish ; savoury.
TASTE'FUL-LY, ad. With good taste.
TASTE'FUL-NESS, n. High taste ; relish.
TASTE'LESS, a. Having no taste; insipid;
vapid. [pidity.
TASTE'LESS-NESS, n. Want of taste; insi-
TAST'I-LY, ad. With good taste.
TAST'Y, a. Having a nice perception of excel-
lence ; according to taste.
TAT'TA, n. An air-cooler placed at doors and win-
dows of houses in India.
TAT'TEE, v. t. To tear or rend in pieces.
TATTER, n. A torn piece; a loose rag.
TAT-TEE-DE-MAL'ION (-mal'yun), n. A ragged
fellow.
TAT'TLE (tat'tl), v. i. To talk idly or tell tales.
TATTLE, n. Idle, trifling talk ; prate.
TAT TLER, n. A prater ; a gossip ; a tell-tale.
TAT-TOO', n. A beat of drum to call to quarters.
TAT-TOO', v. t. To puncture the skin and stain
the punctured spots in permanent figures.
TAT-TOO', n. Figures stained on the skin.
TAUGHT (tawt), a. Stretched; not slack. See
. TAXJT.
TAUNT (tant), v. t. To reproach with severe or
insulting words ; to rail at. SYN. To revile ; iii-
sult ; upbraid; censure; deride, which see.
TAUNT, ii. Upbraiding words ; bitter or sarcastic
reproach; a gibe; scoff: insult.
TAUNT'ER, n. One who'taunts.
TAUNT'ING-LY, ad. With upbraiding; insult-
ingly ; with bitter and sarcastic words.
TAU'RI-FORM, a. Shaped like a bull.
TAU'EINE, a. Eelating to a bull.
TAU'RO-OL, n. Glue from a bull's hide.
TAU'EUS, n. Tha bull ; a sign in the zodiac.
TAUT, a. [from TIGHT.] Stretched; not slack.
"[Nautical.l
TAU-TO-LOG'1-AL, a. Eepeating the same
thing in different words.
TAU-TGL'O-GIST, n. One who uses different
words or phrases in succession to express the
same tiling.
TAU-TOL'O-^IZE, v. i. To repeat the same thing
in different words.
TAU-TOL'O-GY, n. A needless dwelling on the
same idea in different words. SYN. Repetition.
There may be frequent repetitions (as in legal in-
struments) which are warranted either by neces-
sity or convenience ; biit tautology is always a
fault, being a sameness of expression which adds
nothing to the sense.
TAU-TO-PHON'I-AL (-fSn'ik-al), a. Eepeating
the same sound.
TAU-TOPH'O-NY (-tof-), n. Repetition of the
same sound.
TAVERN, n. A house for the entertainment of
travellers.
TAV'EEN-ER, ~)n. An inn-holder; one
TAV'EEN-KEEP-EE, ) who keeps a tavern.
TA VEEN-ING, n. A feasting at taverns.
TAW, n. A marble selected to play with ; the game
TAW, v. i. To dress white or alum leather ; to
dress and prepare skins into white leather.
TAW'DEI-LY, ad. With excess of finery.
TAW'DRI-NESS, n. Excessive finery; tinsel;
ostentatious finery without elegance.
TAW
467
TEL
D6VK, WOLF, BOQK; B*LE, BLI,J VF'CIOTJS
TAWDRY, a. Gaudy in dress; having an excess
of showy ornaments without grace.
TAWER, n. A dresser of white leather.
TAWNY, a. Of a yellowish dark colour, like
things tanned or persons sunburnt.
TAX, w. A rate or sum of money imposed on per-
sons or on property for a public purpose ; that
which is imposed ; a burden. SYN. Impost ; as-
sessment; duty; rate; tribute; imposition; ex-
action.
TAX, v. t. To lay a tax on ; to impose ; to accuse ;
to load with a burden or burdens.
TAXA-BLE (taks'a-bl), a. Liable to be taxed;
that may be legally charged by a court against
the plaintiff or defendant in a suit.
TAX-A'TION (taks-a'shun), n. The act of impos-
ing taxes ; the act of assessing a bill of costs.
TAX'ER, T?. One who taxes.
TAX-I-DER'MI, a. Belonging to the art of pre-
ferving the skins of animals.
X'1-DER-MIST, n. One who practises or is
skilled in taxidermy.
TAX'I-DER-MY, 71. The art of preparing, stuffing,
and preserving the skins of animals.
TAX-ON'0-MY, n. That department of natural
history which treats of the laws and principles
of classification.
TEA (te), n. The dried leaves of a Chinese plant or
decoction of them ; the tea-tree, camellia thea ;
any infusion or decoction of vegetables as sage
tea.
TEACH, v. t. [pret. and pp. TAUGHT.] To communi-
cate to another knowledge not possessed by him ;
to instruct ; to give intelligence ; to exhibit so as
to impress on the mind; to make familiar; to
direct ; the correlative to learn.
TEACH'A-BLE (teech'a-bl), a. Willing to be
taught ; docile.
TEACH'A-BLE-NESS, n. The capacity of receiving
instruction ; aptness or willingness to learn.
TEACH'ER, 7i. One who teaches; an instructor ;
one who instructs others in religion ; a preacher.
TEACHING, n. Act of teaching; instruction;
education, which see.
TEA'-COP (te'-), n. A small cup in which tea is
drunk.
TEAK (teek), n. An Indian tree which is pecu-
liarly valuable for ship-timber.
teel), n. A water-fowl with webbed feet,
allied to the duck, but smaller.
teem), n. Two or more horses or oxen, &c.,
harnessed for drawing.
TEAM'STER, n. One who drives a team.
TEA'-POT, 7i. A vessel with a spout in which tea
is made, and from which it is poured.
TEAR (teer), 71. A fluid secreted by the lachrymal
gland, and appearing in or flowing from the eye ;
something in the form of a transparent drop of
fluid matter.
TEAE (4) (tare), n. A rent ; a fissure.
TEAR, v. t. [pret. TORE.] To separate by violence
or pulling ; to rend apart ; to pull with violence.
TK.\ U, v. i. To rave or rage ; to move and act with
violence.
TEAR'ER (tar'er), n. One that rends by force ;
one that rages or raves with violence.
TEAR'Fl'L (teer 1 -) a. Full of tears; weeping.
TEAR'LESS, a. Free from tears ; unfeeling.
TEASE (teez), v. t. To comb or card, as wool; to
raise the nap ; to reduce to fragments ; to trouble
with importunity or impertinence ; to annoy by
petty requests or unreasonable jests or raillery ;
to irritate ; to annoy ; to plague. SYN. To vex.
To teae is literally to pull or scratch, and implies
a prolonged annoyance in respect to little things,
which is often more irritating than severe pain.
Vex (a frequentative of Latin veho) meant origi-
nally to seize and bear away hither and thither, and
hence to disturb, as to vex the ocean with storms.
Vex is a stronger word than tease, denoting the
disturbance or anger created by minor provoca-
tions, losses, disappointments, &c. We are teased
, e as K ; 6 as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
by the buzzing of a fly in our ears ; we are vexed
by the carelessness or stupidity of our servants.
i'.L (tee'zl), n. A plant whose bur is used in
dressing cloth.
TEAS'ER (tee'zer), n. One who teases or vexes.
TEA-SPOON, 71. A small spoon for tea.
TEAT (teet), n. The nipple of the breast; the dug
of a beast.
TEA'-TA-BLE, n. A table for tea furniture.
TECH'I-LY, ad. In a peevish manner ; frowardly.
TECH'I-NESS, n. Peevishness ; fretfulness.
TEH'Nie, 7/ fx w -v\ f a - Pertaining to the
xre-AL, ) ^uj HK-), artg or to profeg .
sions.
TEH'NI^AL-LY (t5k'uik-al-ly), ad. In a techni-
cal manner; according to the signification of
terms of art or the professions.
TEH'NI-AL-NESS,> n. The quality of being
TEH-Nie-AL'I-TY, f technical.
TEH'NIS (tfik'niks), n. pi. Branches of learn-
ing that respect the arts ; the doctrine of arts in
general.
TEH-NO-LpG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to technol-
ogy ; pertaining to the arts.
TE!H-NOL'O-GlST, n. One who treats Of terms of
the arts.
TEH-NOL'O-GY, n. A treatise on the arts; an
explanation of terms of art.
TECH'Y, a. Peevish; fretful More correctly,
touchy.
TE-TON'I, a. Pertaining to building.
TE-TON'IS, 7i. The science of building.
TED, v. t. To spread or turn, as grass in the swath.
TED'DER, n. A rope or chain to tie a beast in
feeding ; that which restrains ; tether,
TED'DER, v. t. To allow to feed to the extent of a
rope or chain ; to restrain to certain limits.
TE DE'UM, n. [L.I A hymn of thanksgiving, so
named from tke first two words.
TEDI-OUS, a. Tiresome from continuance or
slowness ; slow. SYN. Wearisome ; fatiguing ;
sluggish ; dull ; irksome, which se.
TE'DIOUS-LY, ad. Slowly; so as to weary.
TE'DIOUS-NESS, n. Slowness or prolixity; length;
tiresomeness ; quality of wearying.
TE'DI-UM, n. Irksomeness ; wearisomeness.
TEEM, v. i. To bring forth, as young ; to conceive
or engender young ; to be prolific ; to produce
abundantly ; v. t. to produce or bring forth.
TEEM'ER, n. One that brings forth young.
TEEM'FUL, a. Pregnant ; very prolific.
1'KE.M'LESS, a. Barren; unfruitful; not prolific,
n. Sorrow ; in compounds, ten ; in the
plural, one's age from 13 to 19 inclusive.
TEETH, n. pi. of TOOTH. In the teeth, directly ; in
direct opposition ; in front.
TEETH, v. i. To breed or form teeth.
TEETHING, 71. The process by which teeth first
make their way through the gums.
TEE-TO'TAL-LER, n. One pledged to entire ab-
stinence from all intoxicating drinks.
TEE-TO'TUM, n. A toy like a top, twirled with
the fingers.
TEG'MEN, n. ; pi, TG'MI-NA. A tegument.
TEG'C-LAR, a. Like or pertaining to tiles.
TEG'C-MENT, 7i. A covering or cover, especially
the covering or skin of living bodies.
TEG-C-MENTA-RY, a. Pertaining to teguments.
TEIL (teel), n. The lime-tree or linden.
TE INT (tint). See TINT.
TKL'A-KY, a. Pertaining to a spider's web.
TEL'E-GRAM, n. A telegraphic message or des-
patch.
TKL'E-GRAPH, n. A machine for communicating
information by signals or letters.
TEL'E-GRAPH, v. t. To convey by telegraph.
; R A 1>H'I, a. Pertaining to a telegraph ;
communicated by telegraph.
TEL-EG'RAPHY, n. The art of telegraphing ; the
knowledge of telegraphs.
TL'E-SOPE, n. An optical instrument for
viewing objects at a distance.
TEL
468
TEN
1, fi, &c., long. I, S, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
TEL-E-SOP're, a. Pertaining to a telescope.
TEL'ESM, n. A kind of amulet or magical charm
TEL-ES-MATTG, a. Relating to telesms ; magical.
TE-LEST1H (-Ifis'tik), n. A poem, in which the
final letters of the lines make a name.
TfiL'IG, o. Denoting the final end, or purpose.
TELL, v. t. [pret. and pp. TOLD.] To express in
words; to communicate; to make known ; to
count, as to tell numbers. SYX. To inform;
impart ; reveal ; disclose ; report ; rehearse.
TEL-E-OL'OGY, n. The science or doctrine of
final causes.
TELL, v. t. To give an account of; to produce an
effect.
TELL'ER, n. One who tells or counts; an officer
who pays money on checks.
TELL'TALE, n. An officious informer; a. telling
tales; blabbing.
TEL-LC'Rl^' ) a - Pertaining to the earth.
TEL-LtJ'RI-UM, n. A metal, in colour between
tin and silver.
TEM-E-RA'RI-OUS, a. Unreasonably adventur-
ous ; rash ; headstrong.
TE-MERT-TY, n. Unreasonable contempt of dan-
ger. SYN. Rashness.- Temerity refers to the dis-
position, rashness to the act. We show temerity
in our resolutions, conclusions, &c. We show
rashness, from time to time, in the actions of life.
TEM'PER, n. Due mixture of different qualities;
frame of mind; passion ; state of a metal, espe-
cially its hardness, as the temper of steel. SYN.
Disposition; temperament; frame; mood; hu-
mour.
TEM'PER, . t. To mix so that one part qualifies
another, as to temper justice with mercy; to form
by mixture or combination in due proportion; to
form to a proper degree of hardness, as to temper
steel ; to reduce or assuage, as to temper anger.
SYN. To soften; mollify; assuage; soothe;
calm.
TEM'PER-A-MEtfT, n. State as to the predomi-
nance of any quality; constitution, as the tem-
perament of the body ; due mixture of qualities.
TEM'PER-ANCE, n. Moderate indulgence of the
appetites or passions.
TEM'PER-ATE, a. Noting moderation in the in-
dulgence of appetite ; sober ; mild ; cool.
TEM'PER- ATE-LY, ad. With moderation.
TEM'PER-ATE-NESS, n. Moderation; calmness;
freedom from excess.
TfiM'PER-A-TlVE, a. Having the power to temper.
TEM'PER-A-TCRE, n. State with regard to heat
and cold ; constitution ; degree of any quality.
TfiM'PEST, a. An extensive current of wind rush-
ing with great velocity, usually attended by rain,
hail, or snow; a storm of great violence; a com-
motion or perturbation. See STOKM.
TEM-PEST'C-OUS (tem-p6st'yii-us), o. Stormy;
turbulent ; rough with wind.
TEM-PEST'0-OUS-LY, ad. In a turbulent manner.
TEM-PEST'G-OUS-NESS, n. Storminess; violence
of wind.
TEM'PLAR, n. Student of law or in the Temple.
Templars, Knights of the Temple, a religious mili-
tary order, first established in Jerusalem in favour
of pilgi'ims travelling to the Holy Land.
TEM'PLE, n. An edifice erected in honour of some
deity ; a place of public worship ; the part of the
head that slopes from the top above the cheek-
bone.
TEM'PLET, n. A piece of timber in a building.
TEM'PO-RAL, a. Pertaining to this life or world,
or to the body only, as teinporal good ; not eccle-
siastical or spiritual ; secular ; pertaining to the
temples of the head, as the temporal bone.
TEM-PO-RAL'I-TIES, > n. pi. Secular possessions
TEM'PO-RALS, } or revenues.
TEM-PO-RAL'I-TY, n. A secular possession.
TEM'PO-RAL-LY, ad. With respect to this life.
TEM'PO-RA-RI-LY, ad. For a time only.
TEMTO-RA-RI-NESS, n. State of being temporary.
TALL, WHAT ; THfiRB, TiRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
TEM'PO-RA-RY, o. Continuing for a time only.
TEM'PO-RIZE, v. i. To comply with the time or
occasion ; to procrastinate ; to delay.
TEM'PO-RIZ-ER, n. A time-server ; a trimmer.
TEM'PO-RIZ-ING, o. Conformed unduly to pre-
vailing opinions, prejudices, &c. ; n. a yielding to
the times. See TIME-SERVING.
TEMPT (t6mt), v. t. Literally, to strain, urge, or
press ; hence, to urge or entice to evil acts ; to
try virtue or fidelity; to attempt. SYN. To al-
lure ; entice ; draw ; seduce ; solicit : prove.
TEMPT' A-BLE (temt'a-bl).a. Liable to be tempted.
TEMP-TA'TION (tSm-ta'shun), n. Act of tempt-
ing; trial; solicitation of the passions; state ol
being tempted.
TfiMPT'ER, n. One who entices to evil.
TEM PT'ING, a. Adapted to allure.
TEMPT'ING-NESS, n. State of being tempting.
TEN, a. Noting the sum of nine and one ; proverbi-
ally, many or much.
TEN'A-BLE, a. That can be held or maintained.
TE-NA'CIOUS, (te-na'shus), a. Holding fast; ad-
hesive ; obstinate.
TE-iNA'CIOUS-LY, act. With a disposition to hold
fast ; adhesively ; obstinately.
TE-NA'CIOUS-NESS, ) n. The quality or property
TE-NAC'I-TY, f of bodies which makes
them adhere to others ; adhesiveness ; retentive-
ness, as of memory.
TEN'AN-CY, n. A holding or possession of land.
TEN'ANT, n. One who holds or possesses land or
other real estate under another ; one who holds
possession of any place.
TEN'ANT, v. t. To hold as a tenant
TEN'ANT- A-BLE, a. Fit to be rented ; in a state
of repair suitable for a tenant.
TEN'ANT-LESS, a. Having no tenant: unoccupied.
TEN'ANT-RY, n. Tenants in general.
TENCH, n. A fresh-water fish allied to the carp.
TEND, v. t. To accompany as an assistant or pro-
tector ; to attend ; to wait on, as to tend children.
TEND, v. t. To move in a certain direction ; to be
directed to any end or purpose ; to aim at.
TEND'EN-CY, n. Direction or course toward any
thing. SYN. Inclination ; drift ; scope ; aim ; dis-
position, which see.
TEND'ER, n. A small vessel that attends a larger,
to convey provisions, &c. ; an offer ; a nurse.
TEN'DER, a. Easily impressed, broken or injured;
not hardy, as a tender plant ; weak and feeble, as
tender age ; easily moved to pity, &c., as a tender
heart ; unwilling to give pain, as tender reproa-
ches. SYW. Delicate; soft; mild; pitiful; com-
passionate; humane.
TEND'ER, v. t. To offer or present for acceptance,
as to offer an excuse, to offer payment.
TEN'DER-HEART'ED-NESS, n. Susceptibility of
the softer passions.
TEN'DER-LING, n. A fondling; one made tender
by too much kindness.
TENDER-LOIN, n. A tender part of the sirloin of
beef, &c.
TEN'DER-LY, ad. With gentleness ; softly ; kindly.
TEN'DER-NESS, n. State of being tender ; soft-
ness ; soreness ; kindness ; sensibility. SYN. Be-
nignity; humanity; benevolence; kindness;
clemency.
TEN'DERS, n. pi. Proposals for performing ser-
vice.
TEN'DI-NOUS, a. Pertaining to or containing
tendons ; full of tendons ; sinewy.
TEN 'DON, n. A hard, insensible cord or bundle of
fibres by which a muscle is attached to a bone ;
tendo ^.chillis, the large tendon which unites tho
muscle of the calf to the heel.
TEN'DRIL, n. A slender, twining part of a plant,
by which it attaches itself to something for sup-
port.
TEN'DRIL, a. Clasping or climbing, as a tendril
does.
TEND'SOME (tSn'sum), o. Requiring much atten-
tion.
TEN
469
TER
D&VE, WOLF, B(?<?K; nftLE, BTJLL; vl"cioua. easK; 6asj; sasz CnassHj THIS.
TEN'E-BROUS, ^a. Noting darkness or gloom ;
TE-N'BRI-OUS, j obscure.
TEN'E MENT, n. Literally, that which is held or
occupied ; a dwelling or habitation. SYN. House.
There may be many houses under one roof, but
they are completely separated from each other by
party walls. A tenement may be detached by it-
self, or it may be part of a house divided oil for
the use of a distinct family.
TEN-E-MENT'AL, a. That may be held by ten-
ants; tenementary.
TEN'ET (ten'- or to'-), n. That which a person be-
lieves or maintains to be true. SYN. Doctrine ;
opinion ; principle ; dogma, which see.
TEN'FOLD, a. Ten times more.
TEN'NIS, n. A play, in which a ball is continu-
ally driven or kept in motion by rackets.
TEN 'ON, n. That part of timber which enters a
mortise; a fine saw used in dove-tailing; v. t. to
fit with a tenon.
TEN'CW, n. Continuity of state ; purport ; drift ;
part in music ; the persons who sing tenor.
TENSE, a. Strained to stiffness ; rigid.
TENSE, n. Form of a verb expressing time of ac-
tion, as the future tense denotes what is yet to
take place.
TENSE'NESSj n. The state of being tense; rigid-
ness.
TEN'SI-BLE,) a. Capable of extension or of being
TEN'SlLE, ]" extended.
TfiN'SION (tgn'shun), n. The act of stretching or
straining; the state of being stretched or strained
to stiffness ; degree of straining.
TEN'SIVE, a. Giving the sensation of stiffness,
tension, or contraction.
TEN'SOE, n. A muscle that extends or stretches
a part.
TENT, n. A pavilion or movable lodge, of canvas,
<fec. ; a roll of lint; a red wine.
TENT, v. t. or v. i. To lodge in a tent; to probe;
to fill with a tent.
TN'TA-LE (tfin'ta-kl), n. ; Lot. pi. TEN-TA-C'U-LA.
A filiform organ of certain insects for feeling or
motion.
TEN-TA'C-LAE, a. Pertaining to tentacles.
TEN-TA'TION, n. Temptation ; trial ; proof.
TfiN'TA-TlVE, o. Trying; essaying; n. essay;
trial.
TEN TER, \n. A hook for stretching cloth
TEN TEE-HOOK, .) on a frame. To be on the
tenters, to be on the stretch or in suspense.
TEN'TER, v. t. To stretch on hooks.
TKNTIf, a. The ordinal of ten.
Mi, n. One part in ten; a tithe; the tenth
part of annual produce or increase j in music, the
octave of the third.
TENTM'LY, ad. In the tenth place.
TEN'0-ATE, v. t. To make thin ; to attenuate.
TE-NC'I-TY, n. Smallness of diameter; slender-
ness or thinness of substance.
TENTJ-OUS, a. Thin; slender; small; minute.
TEN'OEE (tt'n'yur), n. A holding or manner of
holding lands and tenements.
TEN-E-FA'TION, n. Act of warming ; making
tepid or moderately warm.
TEP'E-FY, v. t. To make moderately warm.
TEP'ID, a. Moderately warm ; lukewarm.
TEFID-NESS, ) n - The state of being tepidl
TE'POR, n. [L!] Gentle heat; moderate warmth.
TER-, prefix. Thrice ; in the third degree.
TEE'APH (ter'af), n. Supposed by some to be an
idol, and by others an amulet or tali
TElt'A-PHIM, n. pi. Household deities or images.
TEKCE'-MA-JOR, n. A sequence of the three best
cards.
TER'CEL, n. A male hawk; tircel.
TER'E-BINTH, n. The turpentine-tree.
TEE-E-BlNTil INE, a. Pertaining to turpentine.
TER-E'DO, n. The ship-worm.
TE-RETE', a. Round and tapering; columnar.
TEE-GEH'I-NOUS, a. Threefold.
TEE-GI-VER-SA'TION (ter-je-), n. Literally, a
turning of the back ; hence, an attempt to evade
the truth; fickleness of conduct; shifting; sub-
terfuge.
TEEM (13), 7i. A limited period, as a term of years,
a college term, &c. ; a word or expression which
limits or ascertains an idea ; a condition or ar-
rangement (usually in the plural), as to fix terms.
SYN. Word. Term (from terminus) denotes that
which bounds or circumscribes, and is therefore
more determinate and technical than word, which
implies mere utterance. Hence we speak of a
scientific term (not u - ord), and of stating things
in distinct terms, &c.
TERM, v. t. To call ; to name ; to denominate.
TE K'MA-GAN-CY, n. Turbulence ; boisterousness.
TEE'MA-GANT, a. Noting turbulent or boister-
ous conduct.
TEE'MA-GANT, n. A boisterous, brawling woman.
TERM'EE, ) TV. One who has an estate for a term
TEEM'OR, $ of years or for life.
TER. M '-FEE, n. A fee for a suit during a term.
TEEM'IN-A-BLE, a. That may be bounded.
TEEM'IN-AL, a. Growing at the end; forming
the extremity ; terminating.
TEEM'IN-ATE, v. t. To set the extreme point or
limit of a thing ; to put an end to. SYN. To com-
plete ; finish ; end ; bound.
TEEM'IN-ATE, v. i. To be limited; to end; to
come to a limit in time; to close.
TEEM-IN-A'TION, 71. A coming to an and ; a
setting bounds ; limit ; result.
TEE"M-IN-ATION-AL, a. Pertaining to or form-
ing the end or concluding syllable.
TERM'IN-A-TiVE, a. Directing determination.
TERM-IN-A'TOR, n. Boundary of light and dark-
ness on the moon's face.
TERM-IN-OL'O-GY, n. Explanation of terms.
TER'HI-NUS, n. ; pi. Tin'Mi-Nl. [Z,.] A boundary ;
the extreme point ; the beginning or the end, as
in a railroad or chain of lakes; a column.
TERM'LESS, a. Without limits ; boundless.
TEEM'LY, a. Occurring every term ; ad. term by
term ; every term.
TERN, a. Threefold; consisting of three.
TERN, 71. A bird of the gull family, with pointed
wings and forked tail ; the sea-swallow.
TEEN'A-RY, a. Consisting of three ; proceeding
by threes ; n. the number three.
TEEN" ATE, a. Having three leaflets on a p.
TERP-SKJH-O-EE'AN, n. Relating to Terpsichore,
the muse who presided over dancing.
TEE'EACE, n. A raised bank covered with turf;
a flat roof; an open gallery or balcony.
TER'EACE, v. t. To form into a terrace ; to open
to the air and light.
TER'RA OT'TA, TV. A composition of clay and
sand used in making statues, mouldings, &c.
TER'RA FIR'MA. [L.] Firm or solid earth.
TER'RA JA-PON'I-iJA, n. A brown astringent sub-
stance containing tanuic acid, used in medicine
>m<l the arts ; catechu.
TEE'RA-PIN, n. A species of tide-water tortoise.
TEE-EA'QUE-OUS (-ra'kwe-us), a. Consisting of
land and water, as the globe or earth.
TEE-RENE', a. Pertaining to the earth; earthy.
TEE-EES'TEI-AL, a. Belonging to the earth.
M^'TEI-AL-LY, ad. In an earthly manner.
TEE'RI-BLE, n. Adapted to excite awe, dread,
fear, &c.; severe; distressing. SYN. Fearful;
formidable ; awful ; shocking ; dreadful, which see.
TEE'EI-liLE-NESS, n. The qualities that excite
terror.
TEE'RI-BLY, ad. In a manner to excite terror or
fright ; violently ; very p
TER'RI-Ell, 7i. A dog that pursues game into bur-
rows ; a hole where foxes, rabbits, &c., secure
themselves ; an auger.
TEB-RlFMJ, a. Adapted to excite great fear;
dreadful ; causing terror.
TEE'EI-FY, v. t. To frighten greatly; to alarm or
shock with fear.
TEB
470
TEX
1, fi, Sec., long. I, i, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST,
TER-RI-TO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to territory
limited to a certain district.
TER-RI-TO'RI-AL-LY, ad. lu regard to territory ;
by means of territory.
TER'ltl-TO-RY, n. The extent or compass of land
within the bounds of jurisdiction of any state or
city ; a tract of land under the dominion of a
prince or state, lying at a distance from the seat
of government: domain.
TER'llOR, n. That which may excite dread; great
fear or alarm. SYN. Dread; consternation;
fright ; dismay ; alarm, which see.
T&B/BOB-ISM, n. A state of being terrified, or a
state impressing terror.
TER'ROll-LESS, a. Free from terror.
TERSE (13), a. Compact with grace or elegance, as
terse language. SYN. Concise. Terse (from tergeo,
to wipe or clean) denotes free from blemishes,
neat, or smooth. Its present sense is " free from
excrescences," and hence compact with smooth-
ness, grace, or elegance, lit differs from concise
in not implying perhaps quite so much conden-
sation, but chiefly in the additional idea of
" grace or elegance."
TERSE'LY, ad. Neatly ; smoothly.
TERSENESS, n. Neatness of style; smoothness
of language.
TER'TIALS (ter'shalz), n. pi. Feathers near the
junction of the wing with the body.
TERTIAN (ter'shun), a. Happening every third
day ; n. a disease whose paroxysms return every
other day; a third year's student.
TER'TIA-KY, a. Third ; the third or upper great
division of the stratified systems.
TERTIATE (*er / shate), v. t. To examine the thick-
ness of ordnance ; to do the third tune.
TER'TIUM QUID. [L.] A substance made by mix-
ing two things together ; a third something.
TfiS'SEL-AR, a. Formed in squares.
TS'SEL-ATE, v. t. To form into squares or lay
with checkered work.
TES-SEL-A'l ION, n. Mosaic work or the making
of Mosaic work.
TES-SE-RA'I, a. Diversified by squares.
TESS'C-LAR, a. Related to the cube ; cubical.
TEST, n. A critical and decisive trial ; that with
which any thing is compared for proof of its ge-
nuineness. SYN. Trial. Trial is the wider term ;
test is a searching and decisive trial. It is derived
from the Latin testa (earthen pot), which term
was early applied to the fining-pot, or crucible, in
which metals are melted for trial and refine-
ment. Hence the peculiar force of the word as in-
dicating a trial or criterion of the most decisive
kind.
TEST v. t. To try by a fixed standard ; to prove.
TEST'A-BLE, a. That may be devised by will
TES-TA'CE-A (tes-ta'she-a), n. pi. Shelled ani-
mals.
TES-TA'CEOUS (-ta'shus), o. Having a hard
shell.
TEST'A-MENT, n. A solemn authentic instrument
in writing, by which a person declares his will as
to the disposal of his estate after his death ; a
will; either of the two great divisions of the
TEST-A-MENT'A-RY, o. Pertaining to a will.
TEST'ATE, a. Having made a will.
TEST-A'TOR, n. One who leaves a will at his
death.
TEST-A'TREX, n. A female who leaves a will.
TESTER, n. A flat canopy over a bed; an old coin.
TS'TI-'LE, 11. A gland which secretes the semi-
nal fluid in males.
TEST-I-FI-A'TION, n. Act of witnessing.
TEST'I-FI-ER, n. One who gives testimony.
TEST'I-FY, v. t. To affirm or declare solemnly for
the purpose of establishing a fact ; to bear wit
ness ; to prove or declare.
TESTI-FY, v. i. To make a solemn declaration
verbal or written, to establish some fact.
TESTI-LY, ad. I n a fretful manner ; peevishly.
PALL, WHAT; THRE, TiRM ; MARINE, B!RD; M5vB,
TEST-I-MO'NI-AL, n. A certificate of character.
TEST-I-MO NI-AL, a. Relating to testimony.
TST'I-MO-NY, n. Evidence of a witness ; open
attestation ; affirmation. SYN. Proof; evidence.
Proof, being Saxon, is more familiar, and is
used more frequently as to facts and things of
common occurrence. Eciderice (Lat. evidentia) is
a word of more dignity, and is more generally ap-
plied to that which is moral or intellectual, as the
evidences of Christianity, &c. Testimony (from
Lat. testis) is strictly the evidence of a witness
given under oath ; when used figuratively or in a
wider sense, the word testimony has still a refer-
ence to some living agent as its author, as when
we speak of the testimony of conscience, or of doing
a thing in testimony of our affections, &c.
TES'TI-NESS, n. The state or quality of being
peevish; fretfulness.
TEST'ING, n. The act of trying for proof.
TES-TC'DI-NAL, a. Pertaining to the tortoise.
TES-TO'DO, n. A tortoise ; a cover or screen made
by a body of troops holding their shields over
their heads as they stood thickly together ; a broad,
soft tumour.
TEST'Y, a. Noting a peevish temper; petulant;
fretful.
TET'A-NUS, n. The locked-jaw.
TETE (tate). [*V.] False hair a kind of wig.
TETS'A-TETE (tate'a-tate) . [Pr.] Head to head;
private conversation ; in private ; a kind of easy-
chair for two persons engaged in close conversa-
tion.
TETH'ER. See TEDDER.
TET'RA-!HORD, n. In ancieni music, a series of
four sounds, of which the extremes, or first
and last constitute a fourth.
TET'RA-GON, n. A figure of four angles.
TE-TRAG'0-NAL, a. Having four sides and
les.
TET-RA-GRAM'MA-TON, n. The mystic number
4, often symbolized to represent the Deity.
TET-RA-HE'URON, n. A solid figure compre-
hended under four equal triangles.
TE-TRAM'E-TER, n. A verse of four feet.
TET-RA-PT'AL-OUS, a. Having four petals.
TE-TKAPH'YL-LOUS, a. Having four leaves.
TE-TRAR!H (tet'rark or te'trark), n. The gover-
nor of a fourth part of a province ; a subordinate
prince.
TE-TRARH'ATE,) n. The fourth part of a pro-
TET'RARH-Y, f vince.
TE-TRAS'TIJH (-tras'tik), n. A stanza of four
ang-
TfiTRA-STYLE, n. In ancient architecture, a build-
ing with four columns in front.
TET-RA-SYL-LAB'I, a. Consisting of four sylla-
bles.
TET-RA-SYL'LA-BLE, n. A word of four sylla-
bles.
TfiT'TER, n. A cutaneous disease or eruption.
TEU-TON'I, a. Noting what belongs to the Teu-
tons or ancient Germans.
TEW'EL (tu'el), n. A funnel for smoke; an iron
pipe in forges to receive the pipe of the bellows.
TEXT, n. A discourse or composition on which a
note or commentary is written ; a verse or pas-
sage in Scripture.
TEXT'-BQQK, n . A book containing the leading
principles of a science.
TfiXT'HAND, n. A large hand in writing.
TEXTILE (tekst'il), a. Woven, or that may be
woven, as textile fabrics.
TEXTILE, n. That which is or may be woven.
Pertaining to weaving.
TEXT'U-AL (tekst'yii-al), a. Contained in the
TEXT'C-A-RIST,1 n. One well versed in Scrip-
TEXT'0-A-RY, ( ture.
TEXT'C-A-RY Ctekst'yu-a-ry), o. Contained in the
text ; authoritative.
TEXTURE (tfikst'yur), n. Manner of weaving or
TIIA
6vE, WV>LF, BOOK ; ntf LE,
471
THE
vFcious. e as K; 6 as j; 6 as z; CH as SH; inia.
connecting ; the web that is woven ; the disposi-
tion of the several parts of a body in connection
with each other.
THA'LER, n. The German dollar, worth about 3s.
' t'A, n. [Gr.] The muse of pastoral poetry.
^ , ml. or con. Noting comparison.
THANE, n. The Saxon name for Baron.
! : DOM, ?i. The dominion, office, or property
of a thane.
iv, v. t. To express gratitude for a favour.
THANK, n. sing.) Expression of gratitude or sense
THANKS, n. j,l'. ) a received.
L, a. Grateful ; feeling gratitude.
< Fl.L-LY, ad. With a grateful sense of
favours.
v Fl.'L-NESS, 71. Expression of gratitude;
ment for a favour.
THANK'LESS, a. Not gaining thanks; not de-
angrateml.
THANK'LESS-NESS, n. Want of gratitude ; fail-
ure to acknowledge a kindness.
THAMv'-OF-FER-ING, n. An offering of grati-
tude.
THANKS-GlVER, TI. One who gives thanks or
acknowledges a kindness.
THANKS-GIVING, 71. Act of giving thanks; a
day for expres.-ius; gratitude.
THANK'-WOR-THY (-witr'thy), o. Deserving of
thanks.
THAT, pi. Those. Pron. or adjective, designating
a particular person or thing, a word or sentence ;
the former ; a more distant thing or person. As a
conjunction, it connects, and denotes a conse-
quence, cause or reason ; because; for; in order
that ; as he works, t7iat he may eat.
THATCH, r.. Straw, &c., used for covering build-
in ers or stacks.
THATCH, v. t. To cover with straw or reeds.
THAT* 'H'ER, n. One who thatches buildings.
THAU'MA-TROPE, n. An optical toy for illustrat-
ing the persistency of vision by a card, having
different figures painted on the opposite sides,
which, on whirling the card, appear to be brought
together.
THAU-MA-TC Il'0l, a. Exciting wonder.
THAU'MA-TUR-GY, n. Act of doing something
wonderful.
THAW, v. t. or v. i. To melt, as ice or snow.
THAW, n. The dissolution of frost ; the melting
of ice or snow, into a liquid state ; liquefaction.
'HE, definitive article, denoting a particular person
or thing.
THE-AN'THRO-PISM, n. A state of being both
' and man.
THE'AR-HY (the'ar-ky), n. Government by God.
THE'A-TRE. n. A play-house ; a house for shows ;
an anatomical room; a building for scholastic
exercises ; place of action.
THE-AT RI, 7 a. Pertaining to the stage and
THE-AT'RI-AL, j its exhibition.
THE-AT'EI-AL-LY, ad. In a manner suiting the
n. pi. Dramatic performances.
AN YEAR, n. In ai,cient chronology, the
ntian year of u'.io days and 6 hours.
, pron. Objective case of tliou, which see.
THEFT C'-OUS, a. Of the nature of theft; tainted
with theft; thk".
THEFT, TI. A felonious taking of property pri-
vately from the owner ; act of stealing ; the thing
stolen.
FORM, a. Having the form of tea.
10, TI. A principle obtained from tea.
SHEIR (thare), pron. adjective. Belonging to them.
Theirs is used as a substitute of the adjective or
the noun to which it refers. [When this word is
emphatical it should be pronounced thare, as " It
was their interest, not mine." In other cases it
should be pronounced ther t as " Give them their
book."]
THE'ISM, n. Belief in the existence of a God.
THE'IST, n. One who believes in a God.
THE-1ST'I!, -)a. Pertaining to theism or to
THE-iST'I-AL, $ a theist ; according to the doc-
trines of theists.
THEM, pron. See THEY. [a discourse.
THEME, n. Subject or topic on which one writes
THEM-SELVES' (-sMvz'), pron. pi., them and selves,
. added to they by way of emphasis.
THEN, ad. At that time; afterward; that time;
in that case. SYN. Therefore. Both these words
are used in reasoning; but therefore takes the
lead, while then is rather subordinate or incident-
al. Therefore states reasons and draws inferences
in form ; then, to a great extent, takes the point
as proved, and advances to the general conclu-
sion" Therefore, being justified by faith, we have
peace with God ;" " So, then, faith cometh by
hearing, and hearing by the word of God."
THENCE, ad. From that place; from that time;
for that reason ; from thence is a pleonasm, from,
being included in thence.
THEXCETORTH, ) 7 ,-, n ., . ,.
THENCE-FOR'WARDJ ad ' From that time>
THE-CKJ'RA-CY, n. A government or state under
the immediate direction of God.
THE-0'RA-SY, n. The union of the soul with
God in contemplation, according to the New Pla-
tonists.
THE-O-RAT'I, \a. Pertaining to theocra-
THE-O-RAT'H)-AL, j cy.
THE-OD'O-LITE, n. A surveyor's instrument for
taking heights and distances.
THE-OG'O-NY, n. In mythology, the generation or
genealogy of heathen deities.
THE-OL'O-GAS-TER, n. A quack in divinity.
THE-O-LO'GI-AN, n. One versed in the science of
theology.
THE-O-LOG'IC-AL, a. Pertaining to theology.
THE-0-LOG'I-AL-LY, ad. According to the prin
ciples of theology.
THE-OL'O-GlSE, v. t. To render theological.
THE-OL'O-GIST, n. One versed in theology.
THE-OL'O-GY, n. The science which teaches the
existence, attributes, and character of God, his
laws and government, the doctrines to be believed,
and the duties to be practised; divinity.
THE-OM'A-HY (-oin'a-ky), n. A fighting as of the
giants against the pagan deities.
THE-OP'A-THY, n. Sympathy with the divine
nature ; like feelings to those of God.
THE-O-PHI-LAN'THRO-PIST, n. A lover of God
and man ; one of a sect who attempted to esta-
blish a philosophical system to supersede Chris-
ity.
TH'OP-NEtS-TY (-nus-ty), n. Divine inspiration ;
the mysterious power exerted by the divine Spirit
in making men know and reveal the truth.
THE'O-REM, n. In mathematics, a proposition to
be proved by a chain of reasoning.
*tt to a theorem.
THE-O-RETI, a. Pertaining to theory;
THE-O-RETT-AL,) speculative; not practical ;
terminating in speculation.
THE-O-RT'I-AL-LY, ad. In theory; in specu-
lation ; speculatively, not practically.
TE'O:RII T ER, } One who forms a theor y-
THE'O-RIZE, v. i. To form a theory; to specu-
late.
TH'O-RY, n. An exposition of the general prin-
ciples of a subject, as the theory of music ; science
as distinguished from practice ; mere speculation.
SYN. Hypothesis. A hypothesis is literally a
supposition, and is brought forward to account
for certain phenomena ; it rests for its proof
solely on the fact that it explains the phenomena.
Theory is a deduction from established truths,
from which it follows as a necessary consequence.
Hypothesis might attempt to explain the tides by
assuming a magnetic virtue in the sun and moon ;
theory does it by deducing them from the known
laws of gravitation.
THE
472
THI
I, fl, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciRi, fin, LiST
THE-O-SOPH'I-AL, o. Pertaining to theoso-
phism.
THE-OS'0-PHI$M, n. Pretension to divine illu-
mination ; enthusiasm.
THE-OS'O-PHIST, n. A pretender to divine illumi-
nation.
THE-GS'O-PHY, n. Supposed intercourse with
God and superior spirits by physical processes.
THEE- A-PE DTK! (-pu'tik), a. Curative ; that per-
tains to the healing art.
THEE-A-PEU'TIS, n. pi. That part of medicine
which respects the discovery and application of
remedies for diseases.
JHERE (12) (thare), ad. In that place. It is
sometimes opposed to here, there denoting the
more distant place. [This word, when used as
an adverb of place, should be pronouned thare ;
but when it simply commences a phrase, as " There
is no need of it," &c., it should be sounded light,
as ther. Hence the following sentence should be
pronounced as marked ; " There (ther) were three
men there (thare). "1
THERE-A-BOUT 7 , "),.,. -> J ad. Near that
THERE-A-BOUTS', $ ( thare -)> \ p i ace . nea rthat
number, quantity, or degree ; nearly.
THERE-AFT'EE (thare-), act. According to or
after that.
THEEE-AT' (thare-), ad. At that place ; then ; on
that account.
THEEE-BY', ad. By that; by that means ; in con-
sequence of that.
THERE-FOE' (thare-), ad. For that or this ; for it.
THERE'FORE (ther'ibre), ad. For this or that
reason ; consequently ; in recompense for this or
that ; then, which see.
THERK-FROM', ad. From that or this.
THERE-1N', ad. In that or this place, time, or
thing.
THfiRE-IN-TO', ad. Into that or this.
THERE-OF', ad. Of that or this [not thereovl.
THERE-ON', ad. On that or this .
THERE-OUT', ad. Out of that or this.
T|EE-UN-TO'J ad - To that or this.
THERE-UP-ON', ad. Upon that or this ; in con-
sequence of that or this ; immediately.
THERE-WlTH', ad. With that or this.
THERE-WITH-AL' (thare-with-awl'), ad. Also;
with that ; orer and above ; at the same time.
THE'RI-AC, 7i. A remedy against poison.
THE-R1'A-AL, a. Pertaining to theriac.
THER'MAL, a. Pertaining to heat ; warm ; tepid.
THER'MI-DOR, n. One of the months of the
French republican calendar, from July 19 to
August 17, inclusive.
THER'MO-GEN, n. The elementary matter of heat.
THEE-MOM'E-TEE, n. An instrument to measure
variations of temperature.
THEE-MO-MET'RI-GAL, o. Pertaining to a ther-
mometer.
THEE'MO-SOPE, n. A thermometer which mea-
sures minute differences of temperature.
THE-SAU'RUS, n. Literally, a store-house ; a full
lexicon or other store-house of literary informa-
tion.
THESE, pron., pi. of THIS.
THE'SIS, n. ; pi. Tnfi'ss. A proposition which a
person advances and offers to maintain by argu-
ment ; a theme ; in music, the unaccented part of
the measure.
THES'PI-AN, o. Term applied to tragic acting.
THE-t)R'GI-AL, n. I'ertaining to theurgy.
THE'UE-GY, n. A supposed art among the an-
cients of communicating with the gods, and ob-
taining secrets from them by peculiar magical
processes.
THEWS, n. pi. Manner ; muscle ; sinews.
THEY itha), pron.pl in the nominative case, de-
noting persons, animals, or things, already intro-
duced.
THICK, a. Characterized by density or closeness ;
uot thin ; lacking clearness ; noting the diaine-
P^LL, WH^T ; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOTE,
ter of a body; somewhat deaf. SYN. Dense
close; compact; solid; gross; frequent; inti
mate ; turbid ; obscure ; familiar.
THICK, ad. Closely ; in quick succession.
THlCK'jEN (thik'kn), v. t. To make thick; to in-
spissate ; to make frequent ; to fill up interstices ;
to confirm ; to strengthen.
THICK'EN, v. i. To become thick ; to become ob-
scure ; to become close or consolidated ; to press.
THlCK'ET, n. A wood with trees or shrubs closely
set.
THICK'ISH, a. Eather thick ; dull or heavy.
THICK'LY, ad. Closely; compactly; densely.
THtCK'NESS, n. The state or quality of close-
ness or compactness ; density ; grossness ; dull-
ness.
THICK'-SET, a. Closely planted ; having a short,
thick body.
THICK'-SKCLL, n. A stupid person ; a block-
head.
THIEF (theef), n. ; pi. THIEVES (theevz). One who
secretly and feloniously takes the goods of an-
other ; an excrescence in the snuff of a candle.
SYN. Eobber. A thief takes our property by
stealth ; a robber attacks us openly and strips us
by force. The robber braves the laws ; the thief
endeavours to elude them.
THIEVE (theev), v. i. To practise stealing ; to
pilfer.
THIEVEE-Y, n. The practice of stealing ; theft.
THIEVISH, a. Given to stealing; secret; sly;
acting by stealth ; partaking of the nature of
theft.
THIEVISH-LY (theev'ish-ly), ad. By theft.
THIEVISH-NESS, n. Quality of being thievish.
THIGH (tin), n. The part of the limb between the
knee and the trunk.
THILL, n. The shaft of a carriage.
THIM'BLE, n. A metal cap for the finger used for
driving the needle through cloth; an iron ring
with a groove round it for receiving a rope.
THlM'BLE-ElG, n. A sleight-of-hand trick played
with three small cups, shaped like thimbles, and
a ball.
THIN, a. Having little thickness or extent from
one surface to another ; lean ; slim ; slender ; not
full or well grown ; not crowded; slight.
THIN, ad. Not thickly or closely; in a scattered
state, used chiefly in comparison.
THIN, v.t. To make thin ; to dilute ; to attenuate ;
to reduce the number.
THINE, a. Belonging to thee ; relating to thee.
THING, n. Literally, that which happens or falls
out ; any substance, event, action, or existence.
It is the widest term in our language.
THINK, v. i. [pret. a\id pp. THOUGHT ] To have the
mind occupied on a subject ; v. t. to imagine ;
to judge ; to muse on. See To EXPECT.
THINK'EE, n. One who thinks.
THINK'ING, a. Having the faculty of thought.
THINK'ING, n. The act or process of imagination ;
cogitation ; judgment.
THIN'LY, ad. In a scattered manner.
THIN'NESS, n. The state of being thin. SYN.
Slenderness ; smallness ; rarity.
THIRD (17), a. The next after the second.
THIRD, n. One of three equal parts ; in music,
an interval containing three diatonic sounds.
THIRD'LY , ad. In the third place.
THIRDS, n. pi. The third part of an estate to
which a widow is entitled by law during her life.
THlEST (17), n. Pain from want of drink ; an eager
desire after any thing.
THlEST, v. i. To feel the want of drink ; to desire
THiRST'ER, n. One who thirsts.
THlHST'I-LY, ad. In a thirsty manner.
THlRS T'1-NESS, n. State of being thirsty.
TUlEST'Y, a. Suffering for the want of drink;
having no moisture ; parched ; having vehement
desire for any thing.
THIRTEEN, a. Noting the sum of ten and three.
THI
DOTE, WOLF, BQOK ;
473
THR
, BLL ; vf'cious -easK; 6 as J ; asz; CH as SH ; SHIS.
THIRTEENTH, a. The third after the tenth.
THlR'TI-ETH, a. The tenth threefold number;
the ordinal of thirty.
THlR'TY, a. Thrice ten ; twenty and ten.
THIS ; pi. THESK. A definite adjective or pronoun,
denoting a specific person, thing, or sentence near
or just mentioned.
THISTLE (thVs'sl), n. The common name of nu-
merous prickly plants ; the national emblem of
Scotland.
THiS'TLY (thlsly), a. Overgrown with thistles.
THlTH'EK, ad. To that place or end. SYX.
'Jhere. Thither lenotes motion toward a place;
there denotes r',st in a place, as "I am going
thither, and shall meet you there."
THITH'ER-WARD, ad. Toward that place.
THOLE, n. A pin in the gunwale of a boat to keep
the oar in place when rowing thowl.
THOLE, v. t. To bear ; to endure, as pain.
THONG, n. A strip of leather used for fastening
any thing.
THO-RAC'IC (tho-ras'ik), o. Pertaining to the
thorax or breast.
THO'UAL, a. Pertaining to a bed.
THO'RAX, 7i. [L.] That part of the human skele-
ton which consists of the bones of the chest ;
also, the cavity of the chest.
THORN, 7i. A tree or shrub armed with spines ; a
spine; any thing troublesome. SYN. Prickle.
A priclde properly belongs to the bark ; a thorn,
to the wood.
TI10IIN'BAK, n.
A species of ray with spiny
plates ; the rough ray.
THORN'LESS, a. Destitute of thorns.
THORN'Y, a. Full of thorns ; prickly ; perplex-
in? ; harassing.
THOR'OUGH (thiir'ro), a. Literally, passing
through or to the end; hence, complete ; perfect.
TIlOll'OUGH, prep. From side to side,
THOR'OUGH-BASE (thur'ro-base), n. An accom-
paniment to a continued base expressed by
i res.
THOR'OUGH-BRED (thur'ro-), a. Bred from the
best blood ;
THOU'OUGH-
completely bred or accomplished.
through ; an unobstructed way ; a much-fre-
quented road, place, or passage.
THOR'OUGH-LY (thur-r6-ly), ad. With complete-
ness; fully.
THOR'OUGH-NESS (thur'ro-ness), n. The state
or quality of completeness.
THOli'OUGH-PACED (-past), a. Perfect in what
is undertaken.
THOU, pron. denoting the second person, or per-
son addressed in solemn style.
THOU, v. t. To treat with familiarity, as " don't
(how me."
THOUGH (tho). This was originally the impera-
tive of a verb denoting to admit or grant, as
" Though he slay me (grant even this), yet will I
trust in him." It is now commonly, but incor-
rectly, classed among the conjunctions. SYN.
Although. Although is stronger and more em-
phatic, and therefore usually begins a sentence ;
as, " Although I have many competitors, I still
hope to succeed." See WIIILK.
THOUGHT (thawt), n. Properly, that which the
mind thinks ; hence, something framed in the
mind; idea; particular consideration; inward
reasoning. -- SYN. Conception; opinion; judg-
ment; consideration; meditation; reflection.
THOUGHTFUL (tliawt'fnl), a. Given to thought ;
inclined to guard against error or neglect ; atten-
tive. SYN. Considerate. He who is habitually
thoughtful rarely neglects his duty or his true
interest ; he who is considerate pauses to reflect
and guard himself against error. One who is
not thoughtful by nature, if he can be made con-
siderate, will usually be guarded against serious
mistakes.
THOUGHTFTJL-LY, ad. With contemplation.
THOUGHTFUL-NESS, n. State of meditating.
THOUGHTLESS, a. Without due consideration;
careless ; heedless ; giddy.
THOUGHTLESS'LY, ad.
care.
THOUGHTLESS-NESS, n.
heedlessness ; inattention.
Without thought or
Want of thought;
.
THOUGHT-SICK, a. Uneasy with reflection.
THOU'SAND (thou'zand), n. The number of ten
hundred ; a. denoting ten hundred.
THOUSANDTH, a. The ordinal of thousand.
THOWL, n. See THOLE.
THRALL, n. A slave; slavery; a. captive.
THRAL'DOM, n. The state of slavery ; bondage ;
servitude.
THRASH, v. t. To beat grain from the ear; to beat
soundly with a stick or whip ; to drub.
THRASH'ER, n. One who thrashes grain; the
Boastful; given to brag-
fox-shark.
THRA-SON'I-AL, a.
THRAVE,
n. Two dozen sheaves; two stocks.
THREAD (thrgd), n. A small line or twist of cot-
ton, flax, or any other fibrous substance; a fila-
ment ; the prominent spiral part of a screw.
THREAD (thred), v. t. To pass thread through the
eye of a needle; to pass or pierce through, as a
narrow way or channel.
THREAD'BARE (thrCd'-), o. Worn out ; common ;
used till it has lost its novelty or interest.
THREAD'Y (thrM'y), a. Like thread or filaments ;
slender ; containing thread.
THREAT (thret), n. Denunciation of ill ; a declar-
ed intention to injure or punish in certain contin-
gencies. SYN. Menace. Threat is Saxon, and me-
nace is Latin. As often happens, the former is
the more familiar term ; the latter is em-
ployed only in the loftier style. We are t7treafcned
with a drought; the country is menaced with
war.
THREATJEN (53) (thrgt'tn), v. t. To declare the
purpose of inflicting evil; to exhibit the appear-
ance of something evil approaching; to menace.
THREATEN-ING, ppr. or a. Denouncing evil;
indicating danger; imminent, which see; n. a
menace.
THREE, a. Noting the sum of two and one.
THREE'FOLD, a. Consisting of three; three-
double ; triple.
THREE-TEN CE (thrYp'ence), n. The sum of three
pennies ; a small silver coin of that valuo.
THREE'PEN-NY (thrlp'en-ny), a. Worth three-
pence only ; mean.
THREE'PLY, a. Consisting of three thicknesses
or folds ; threefold.
THREESCORE, a. Thrice twenty ; sixty.
THI;K-NETIC, a. Expressing sorrow ; mournful.
THREN'O-DY, n. A song of lamentation.
THRESH, v. t. See TiiRAsn.
S H'ER, n. One who threshes.
THRESH'OLD, n. The door-sill; entrance; the
place or point of entering or beginning.
THRICE, ad. Three times ; at three times.
THRlD, v. t. To slide through a passage; to slip,
shoot, or run through, as a needle.
THRIFT, n. Economical management of property;
success in acqxiiring property ^ SYN. Frugality ;
economy; prosperity; gain.
THRIFTI-LY, ad. In a careful, frugal manner;
with prosperity.
THR1FTI-NESS, n. A thriving by industry;
prosperity in business ; increase ; frugality.
THRIFTLESS, a. Neglecting frugality or good
management; extravagant.
THRIFTLESS-NESS, n. State of being thrift-
less.
THRIFTY, a. Using economy; thriving by in-
dustry and frugality ; prosperous ; growinir
ously ; well husbanded. SYN. Frugal ; careful ;
sparing ; economical.
THRILL, v. t Literally, to perforate by turning
a gimlet or some like instrument ; to bore or
pierce ; hence, to penetrate, as something sharp.
THR 474
i, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short. cinE, FAB, LAST,
THRlLL, v. t. To penetrate, as something sharp
to cause, or to feel a tingling sensation running
through the body with a slight shivering.
THRILL, n. A warbling ; a breathing-hole ; a ting'
ling sensation running through the body.
THRILL'ING-LY, ad. With thrilling sensations.
THRIVE, v. i. [pret. THRIVED ; pp. THRIVED :
THRIVEN.] To prosper by industry ; to grow
vigorously.
THUlV'ER, n. One who prospers and increases in
the acquisition of property.
THRIV'ING, a. Being prosperous or successful;
flourishing.
THROAT (throte), n. The forepart of the neck,
the windpipe ; the fauces ; any thing long and
doep, as the throat of a chimney.
THIiOB, v. i. To beat forcibly or rapidly, as the
heart or pulse.
THROB, 7i. A strong pulsation or beating; a
violent beating of the heart and arteries ; palpita-
tion.
THROE (thro), n.; pi. THROES. Extreme pain;
anguish ; agony ; particularly applied to the pains
of parturition.
THROE, y. i. To suffer extreme pain; to struggle
in anguish.
THRONE, n. A royal seat ; a chair of state ; sove-
reign power.
TYRONE, v. t. To place on a throne ; to exalt to
honour.
THRONG, n. A press of people together; a com-
pact body. SYN. Multitude; crowd. Any great
number of persons form a multitude (from multus,
many) ; a throng (from drangen, to press) is a large
number of persons who press together into a col-
lective body ; a crowd is a mass of persons who
press so closely together as to bring their bodies
into immediate or inconvenient contact. A dis-
persed multitude the thronged streets a crowded
coach.
THRONG, v. t. or v. i. To crowd together ; to press
together ; to come in multitudes.
THKONG'ING, n. The act of crowding together.
THROSTLE (thrSs'sl), n. A bird; the song-thrush;
a machine for spinning.
THROTTLE, n. The windpipe ; the throat.
THKOT'TLE, v. t. or v. i. To choke or suffocate by
pressure ; to breathe hard ; to utter with breaks
and interruptions.
THROUGH (thru), prep. From end to end or side
to side ; by means of; noting passage.
THROUGH (thru), ad. To the ultimate purpose;
from beginning to end; to the end.
THROUGH-OUT', prep. Quite through; in every
part ; from one extremity to the other ; ad. in
every part.
THROW (thro),v. t. [pret. THREW ; pp. THROWN.]
Properly, to hurl or cast in a winding direction ;
hence, to cast or drive from the hand ; to propel ;
to put on loosely ; to overturn or prostrate.
THROW, v. i. To perform the act of casting, &c.
THROW, n. Act of hurling or flinging ; a cast of
dice ; the distance which a missile may be thrown;
a stroke ; effort ; violent sally.
THROWER (thro'er), n. One who casts or flings.
THROWSTER (thro'ster), n. One who twists silk.
THRUM, n. The ends of a weaver's threads ; any
coarse yarn.
THR0M, v. t. or v. i. To insert threads ; to knot ;
to play coarsely on an instrument with the
fingers.
THRUSH, n. A singing-bird ; Scottice, mavis ;
ulcers in the mouth ; an inflammatory disease in
the feet of horses, &c.
THRUST, v. t. [pret. and pp. THRUST.] To push or
drive with force ; to shove ; to impel; to enter by
Sushing ; to intrude ; to squeeze.
RUST, n. A violent push or driving impulse.
THRUST'ER, n. One that drives or stabs
THRUST'INGS, n. pi. In cheese-making, the white
whey, or that which is last pressed out of the
curd by the hand.
TIC
J4LL, WHAT ; THERE, TERM ; MARINE, BlRD ; M5VE,
THUG, n. One of a Hindoo sect who commit mar-
der as a religious act.
THUGG'ISM, n. The practice and superstition of
the Thugs,
THU'LE, n. The name given in early history to the
northernmost part of the habitable world, as Nor-
way, or more probably, Iceland; hence the Latin
phrase ultima thule.
THUMB (thum), n. The short thick finger of the
hand.
THUMB (thum), v. t. To handle awkwardly ; to soil
with the fingers.
THUMB'-STALL (thtimb'-stawl), n. A kind of
thimble of iron or leather for protecting the
thumb.
THUM'MIM, n. pi. A Hebrew word denoting per-
fections. The Urim and Thummim were part of
the high-priest's breastplate.
THUMP, . t. To beat with something thick; v. i.
to fall on with a heavy blow.
THUMP, 7i. A heavy blow with something thick.
THUN'DER, n. The sound which follows light-
ning ; any loud noise ; denunciation published.
THUN'DER, v. i. To sound, roar, or rattle after an
electrical discharge.
THUN'UER, v. t. To emit with noise and terror ;
to publish any denunciatory threat.
THCN'DER-BOLT, n. A shaft of lightning; ful-
mination.
THON'DER-GLiP, n. A burst of thunder ; a sud-
den report of an explosion of electricity.
THUN'DER-ER, n. One that thunders.
THUN'DER-ING, a. Loud; heavy in sound.
THCN'DER-SHOW-ER, n. A shower accompanied
with thunder.
THUNDER-STORM, n. A storm with thunder.
THUN'DER-STRIKE, v. t. To strike or injure by
lightning ; to astonish ; to strike dumb.
THUR'I-BLE, 7i. A censer of metal, generally in
the form of a vase.
THU-RlF'ER-OUS, a. Bearing frankincense.
THU-RI-FI-A'TION, n. The act of fuming with
incense ; act of burning incense. [week.
THURSDAY, n. Thor's day; the fifth day of the
THUS, ad. So; in this manner.
THWACK, v. i. To strike with something flat or
heavy. SYK. To beat; thump; thrash; bang.
THWACK, n. A blow ; a heavy stroke.
THWAITE, n. A piece of ground cleared and en-
closed for tillage.
L'HWART, a. Being across something else.
THWART, v. t. To lie across the direction ot
something ; to cross or oppose a purpose ; to
frustrate.
THWART'-SHIPS, ad. Across the ship.
HY, pron. a. Belonging to thee ; thine.
THY'INE-WOOD, n. Probably the African arbor
vitas, which is highly balsamic and odoriferous ; it
grows in Mauritania, and produces gum-sandarac.
THYME (time), n. A fragrant plant.
THY'MY (tl'my), o. Abounding with thyme ; fra-
THY'ROID, o. Eesembling a shield; applied to
one of the cartilages of the throat.
THYR'SUS (thiir-), n. A staff 1 entwined with ivy,
carried by bacchanals ; a sort of panicle with the
lower branches shorter than the middle ones.
THY-SELF', pron. Emphatically, thou or thee
only.
?I-A'RA, n. A diadem, crown, or head-dress ; figu-
ratively, the papal dignity.
TlB'I-AL, a. Connected with the tibta or large
bone of the leg ; pertaining to a flute or pipe.
TICDOU-LOU-REUX (doo-loo-roo';, n. [Pr.] A
painful affection of a nerve ; facial neuralgia.
TICK, n. Credit obtained, as to buy on tick; an
insect that infests animals ; the cover or case of
a bed containing wool, leathers, &c. ; ticfcs, in the
plural, means cloth woven in stripes of different
colours for bed-ticks, &c.
TICK, v. t. To run upon credit ; to maze a small
noise, as a watch ticks.
TIC
475
TIN
DOVE, WOLF, BQQK ; Bf LE, BT~LL ; Vl"CIOXJS.
TICK'.EN, \ n. A case for a bed, or closely woven
TlCK'ING,) cloth tor such a case.
TICK'ET, n. A piece of paper for admission to a
place, or one bearing & number in a lottery ;
ticket-of-leave, a licence to a convict to go at large
and labour for himself.
TICK'ET, v. t. To mark by a ticket.
TICK'LE (ttk'kl), v. t. To excite a peculiar thrilling
sensation by the touch; v. i. to feel titillation.
TICK'LER, n. One that tickle-; or pleases.
TlCK'LLNG, n. The act of affecting with titilla-
tion.
TlCK'LISH, a. Sensible to slight touches ; totter-
oasily affected ; nice ; critical.
TlUIvLISH-NESS, n. A ticklish state or qua-
lity.
TlD'AL, o. Pertaining to tides ; periodical rising
and falling, or flowing and ebbing.
TlD'-BlT, n. A delicate piece of any thing eatable;
a dainty.
TIDE, n. The flowing of the sea ; flux and reflux ;
stream; course; confluence.
TIDE, v. t. or v. i. To drive with the stream.
TlDE'-GATE, n. A gate through which water
passes into a basin when the tide flows.
TIDE'LESS, a. Having no tide.
TlDES'-MAN, \n. A man who watches the
TIDE'-WAIT-EE, j landing of goods to secure
the payment of duties.
TI'DI-LY, ad. With neat simplicity.
TI'DI-NESS, n. Neatness and simplicity.
Tl'DINGS, n. pi. Intelligence expected from some
quarter. SYN. News. The term news denotes
recent intelligence from any quarter ; the term
tidings denotes intelligence expected from a par-
ticular quarter, showing what has there betided.
We read the news daily in the public prints ; we
wait for tidings from an absent friend. We may
be curious to hear the news; we are always anxious
for tidings.
rlT>Y, a. Neat and simple; cleanly ; being in
good order ; dressed with neat simplicity.
TIE, ") ,.-* 5" v. i. To bind or fasten with a band or
TYE, $ * " (. cord and knot ; to unite so as not
to be easily parted; to restrain; to confine; to
hold; tounitemusicalnot.es.
TIE, ) ,,-> (n. A knot; a fastening; an obliga-
T?E,> *"'(, tion, moral or legal; a bond; a re-
straint ; an equality of votes or points.
TIER (teer), n. A row of guns in a ship ; a set or
row.
TIERCE fteerce or terse), n. A cask containing
one third of a pipe or forty gallons ; a thrust in
feno ;
TIER'CET, n. In poetry, a triplet.
TIERS-ET-AT (teer-za-ta'), n. [^V.] The third
branch of a government, corresponding to the
British Commons.
TlFF, n. A draught of liquor ; a pet; a fit of peev-
ishness.
TlF'FA-NY, n. A thin kind of silk.
TI'GER, n. A rapacious animal of the feline genus ;
a servant in livery.
TIGHT (tite), a. Close ; not loose or open j snug ;
hard ; closely dressed ; stringent.
TIGHTEN (tl'tn), r. t. To make more tight; to
straighten.
TIGHTLY (titeljOi a<i - In a close, compact man-
ner; i
TlGHT'NESS, n. Closeness of joints or of dealing ;
compactness; neatness; stringency.
TI'GRESS, n. A female '
TI'GRISH, a. Resembling a tiger.
TIKE, n. A coontrymm or clown ; a ploughman ;
a dog.
TlL'BU-RY, n. A gig or two-wheeled carriage
without a top or cover.
TILE, n. A plate of earthenware used for covering
the roof of buildings or paving ; a tube of earthen-
ware used for making drains.
TILE, v. t. To cover with tiles, as to tile a hoase.
TIL'ER, n. One who lays tiles.
-e as K ; d as J ; a as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
TILE'-STONE, n. Any thinly laminated sand-stone
fit for roofing.
TI L'ING, n. A roof covered with tiles ; tiles in ge-
neral.
TILL, n. A money-box ; a shelf.
TILL, prep, or ad. To the time ; until.
TILL, v. t. To plough, and prepare for seeds, and
to dress crops ; to labour in cultivation.
TlLL'A-BLE, a. Capable of being tilled; arable;
fit for the plough.
TILL' AGE, 11. The cultivation of land.
TlLL'ER, n. One who cultivates ; a husbandman ;
the horizontal bar used to turn a rudder.
rlLL'Ell, v. i. To put forth shoots or scions.
TILT, n. A tent or covering; a thrust ; a military
exercise on horseback ; a large hammer.
TILT, v. t. To incline or raise one end, as of a cask ;
to point or thrust ; to hammer or forge ; to rush ;
to lean on one side.
TILT, v. i. To run or ride, and thrust with the
lance ; to incline or fall on one side.
TlLTER, n. One that tilts ; one that hammers.
TILTH, n. The state of being tilled or prepared
for seed.
TlLT'-HAM-MER, n. A heavy hammer in iron-
works.
TlM'BAL.n. A kettle-drum. See TYMBAL.
TIM'BEK, n. The body or stem of a tree ; a single
piece or squared stick of wood for buildiu/
oers, frame-work of a ship.
TlM'BER, r. t. To furnish with timber.
TlM'BRE, n. A crest; a stamp; the quality of u
voice or instrument.
TlM'BREL, n. An instrument of music ; tam-
bourine.
TIM'BRE-3IA-llIE,n. [Fr.'] Stamp mania ; a rage
for collecting postage stamps of all kinds and of
all nations.
TIME, n. A part of duration ; season ; age ; the
present life ; measure of sounds ; repetition of
number.
TIME, v. t. To adapt to the occasion ; to regulate
sounds or time.
TlME'-KEEP-ER, n. A clock or watch ; one who
keeps a register of the time of workmen.
TlME'LESS, a. Unseasonable in time.
TlME'LI-NESS, n. Seasonableness ; a being iu
good time.
TlME'LY, a. Seasonable ; in good time ; ad, early ;
in good time.
TlME'OUS, a. Timely ; timous.
TIME'-PIECE (-peece), n. A clock or watch ; a
chronometer.
ER, n. One who complies unduly
with prevailing opinions.
TlME'-StRV-ING, a. Obsequiously complying
with fashionable opinions. SYN. Temporizing.
Both these words are applied to the conduct of
one who adapts himself servilely to times and sea-
sons. A time-server is rather active, and a tem-
porizer passive. One whose policy is time
acts upon principles or opinions which may pro-
mote his advancement ; one who temporizes yields
to the current of public sentiment or prejudice,
and shrinks from a course which might injure
him with others. The former is dishonest; the
latter is weak ; and both are contemptible.
TiM'ID, a. Wanting courage to meet danger ; not
bold. SYN. Fearful; timorous; afraid; coward-
ly.
rpj JYf'l TVT TV" }
TlM'ID-NESS j n- Want of courage ; cowardice
TIM'ID-LY, ad. In a weak, cowardly manner.
Tl-MO'RA-CY, n. Government by men of proper-
ty who have a certain income.
TI'MON-EER, TI. A helmsman; steerer.
TlM'O-ROUS, a. Destitute of courage; full of
scruples.
TI.M'O-ROUS-LY, ad. With fear; scrupulously.
TIM'O-ROUS-NESS, n. The state or quality of fear-
fulness; timidity.
TlN, n. A white metal, port, malleable, and much
TIN
476
TOB
I, fi. &c , long. 1, , &c., short. ciBB, FAB, LABT, FALL, WHAT; TH^RE, TERM ; MARINE, B!BD; MOVE,
used in the arts ; thin plates of iron covered with
tin.
TL\, r. t. To overlay with tin; to cover with
tin.
Tl N'AL, n. A name of crude borax.
T1N-6-TORTAL, a. Colouring; adapted for a dye.
TINT'UEE (tlnkt'yur), n. An extract of a sub-
stance ; infusion ; a tinge of colour.
TlNT'CEE (tYnkt'yur), v. t. To imbue or impreg-
nate with something foreign ; to tinge.
TlN'DEK, n. Something very inflammable, used
for kindling fire from a spark.
Tl N'DER-BOX, n. A box in which tinder is kept.
TINE, n. A tooth or prong, as of a fork or a har-
row,
TIN ED (tind), a. Furnished with tines.
TIN'FOIL, n. Tin reduced to a thin leaf.
TING, 7i. A sharp or ringing sound, as of a bell.
TlNGE, v. t. To imbue with something foreign.
SYN . To colour ; dye ; stain.
TlNGE, n. A slight degree of colour, taste, &c., in-
fused into another substance.
TJNG'GLE (tfng'gl), v. i. To be sensible of a thril-
ling sound or pain-
TlNG'GLING, n. A thrilling sensation.
TlNK, v. i. To make a sharp, shrill sound.
TlNK'ER, n. One who mends vessels of metal.
TlNK'LE (ttnk'kl), v. t. To make small, sharp
sounds.
TlN'MAN, n. One who deals in tin; one who
manufactures tin vessels.
TlN'-MlNE, n. A mine where tin is obtained.
TlN'NER, n. One who works in tin mines; one
who manufactures tin vessels.
TlN'N Y, a. Abounding with tin.
TlN'SEL, n. Something shining and gaudy; some-
thing- superficially showy and of little value ; a
kind of lace.
TlN'SEL, a, Gaudy ; showy to excess.
TlN'SEL, v. t. To adorn with something showy,
but of little value.
TINT, 71. A slight colouring, distinct from the
ground or principal colour.
TINT, v. t. To tinge or give a slight colouring to.
TIN-TIN-NAB'C-LA-EY, a. Having or making the
sound of a bell.
TI'NY, o. Very small ; puny ; little.
Tl P, 11. The point or extremity ; a slight stroke.
TIP, v. t. To form a point ; to cover the tip or
end ; to lower one end, as a cart ; to touch or
strike slightly.
r f IFPET, n, A covering worn on the neck.
TIP'PLE (Wp'pl), v. t. To drink strong liquors in
excess ; v. i, to drink strong liquors habitually.
TlP'PLEE, n. One who drinks strong liquors ha-
bitually.
TIPPLING, 7i. The habitual practice of drinking
spirituous liquors.
TIP PLING-HOUSE, 77. A house in which liquors
are sold in drams or small quantities.
TlP'SI-LY, ad. In a tipsy manner.
TlP'STAFF, n. A stall' tipped with metal ; an offi-
cer of justice; a constable.
TlP'SY, a. Overpowered with liquor ; intoxicated.
TlP'TOE, 7i. The end of the toes. [gree.
TlP'TOP (tip'top), n. The highest or utmost de-
Tl-EADE', n. A strain of violent declamation or
invective.
TIRE, 71. A tier or row; a head-dress; furniture;
a band of iron for a wheel.
TIRE, v. t. To adorn ; to attire. [Obs.]
TlEE, r. t. To exhaust the strength by labour ; to
weary. SYX. To fatigue; weary; harass; jade,
which see.
TIRE, v. i. To become weary ; to be worn out.
TIRED (tird), a. Ueing wearied ; fatigued.
TIEED'NESS (tird'-), n. The state of weariness ;
fatigue.
IIKE'SOME (tire'sum), a. Exhausting the strength
or patience ; tedious ; wearisome.
TlRE'SOME-NESS (tire'sum-ness), n. The act or
qmility of wearying ; tediousness.
TIEE'-WOM-AN (-woo-man), n. A woman whose
occupation is to make head-dresses.
TIR'ING-HOOM, In. The room or place where
TlR'ING-HOUSE, $ players dress for the stage.
Tl-EO'NI-AN, a. Tironian-notcs, the short hand of
Roman antiquity.
TlS'SpE (tlsh'shu), n. Cloth interwoven with gold
or silver; a texture of parts ; a connected series.
Tissue-paper, very thin, gauze-like paper.
TlS'StJE (tish'shu), t>. t. To make tissue ; to inter-
weave ; to variegate.
TlT, n. A small horse ; a little bird.
TI-TANIO, a. Pertaining to the Titans or early
giants ; hence, huge or enormous, as if belonging
to the Titans.
TlT'-BlT. See TID-BIT.
TlTH'A-BLE, n. Subject to the payment of tithes.
TITHE, n. The tenth of any thing, especially of
profits.
TITHE, t). t. To levy a tenth part on ; to tax to
the amount of a tenth.
TlTHE'-FEEE, a. Exempt from paying tithes.
TITH'ER, 7i. One who collects tithes.
TITH'ING, n. A decennary ; a company of ten
householders, who, under the old English law,
were sureties for each others' good behaviour.
TITH'ING-MAN, ri. A peace officer ; a parish offi-
cer ; an under-constable.
TI-THON'I, a. Pertaining to those rays of light
which produce chemical effects.
TlT'IL-LATE, v. i. To tickle.
T1T-IL-LATION, n. The act of tickling or state
of being tickled ; any slight pleasure.
TITLE, 7i. An inscription put over or on any
thing, by which it is known ; an appellation of
dignity or distinction ; the right of possession or
the legal instrument which is evidence of such
right ; epithet, which see ; also name.
ri'TLE, P. t. To give a name ; to call ; to entitle.
TI'TJL,E-DEED, n. Written evidence of ownership
of lands.
TI'TLE-PAGE, n. The page containing the title.
TIT'MOUSE, 7i, ; pi TlT'jiIcE. A small bird; torn-
tit.
TIT'TEE, v. i. To laugh with the tongue striking
against the upper teeth ; to giggle ; to laugh with
restraint.
TIT'TEE-ING, j n< Eestr ained laughter.
TlT'TER-EE, n. One that giggles. [tide
TlT'TLE (tit'tl), n. A point; a dot a small par -
TlTTLE-TAT-TLE, n. Idle talk or prattle.
TlT'0-LAK (tit'yu-lar), a. Existing in name only ;
nominal; having the title of an office without
discharging its duties.
TIT'0-LAR, ] n. One invested with a title, in
TlT'C-LA-RY, $ virtue of which he holds an office
whether he performs the duties of it or not
TlT'C-LAE-LY, ad. In title only; nominally
TlT'0-LA-EY, a. Pertaining to a title.
TlV'EE, 11. Eed ochre for marking sheep.
TME'SIS (me'sis), n. [Gr.] A figure by which a
compound word is separated by the intervention
of one or more words.
TO (too), prep. Toward or moving toward.
TOAD (tode), n. A small, clumsy, inoffensive
batrachian reptile, with a thick, warty body, that
moves by hopping.
TOAD'-EAT-ER, n. A vulgar name given to a
mean sycophant.
TOAD'-STOOL, n. A mushroom or fungous plant
TOAD'Y, n. A toad-eater or parasite.
TOAST, v. t. To dry and scorch by heat ; to hon-
our in drinking.
TOAST, 7i. Bread dried and scorched ; one whose
health is drunk with respect.
TO A ST'ER, n. He or that which toasts.
TO-BA-e'!O, n. A narcotic and poisonous plant,
the leaves of which are used for chewing, smok-
ing, and in snuff.
TO-BA'O-NIST, n. A dealer in or a manufac-
turer of tobacco.
TOO
477
TOP
DdVB, WOLT, BOOKj B^LE, B^LL ; Vlf'CIOUS.
TOVSIN, n. [Fr.] A bell for giving alarm.
TOD, n. A quantity of wool of the weight o
twenty-eight pounds ; a bush ; a fox.
TO-DAY', ad. On this day.
TOD'DLE, P. i. To walk feebly as a child.
TOD'DY, n. The juice of certain kinds of palm
trees, also a spirituous liquor prepared from it ; a
mixture of spirit and water sweetened.
TOE (to), n. One of the extremities of the foot.
TO'GA-TED,) a. Dressed in a gown ; wearing a
TO'GED, f gown.
T&GA VI-RI'LIS, [.] Manly gown ; a gown worn
by men ; first put on by Roman boys about the
time of completing their fourteenth year.
TO-GETH'ER, ad. In company; in concert.
TOIL, v. i. To work hard : to labour with pain anc
fatigue.
TOIL, n. Hard labour ; fatigue ; a net or snare for
taking prey. STN. Labour; drudgery. Labour im-
plies strenuous exertion, but not necessarily such
as overtasks the faculties; toil (literally, strain-
ing, striving) denotes a severity of labour which
is painful and exhausting ; drudgery (literally, tug-
ging or slaving) implies mean and degrading work,
or, at least, work which wearies or disgusts from
its minuteness or dull uniformity.
TOIL'ER, n. One who toils or labours with pain.
TOI'LET, n. A cloth over a table in a dressing
room ; a dressing-table ; mode of dressing, as to
make one's toilet.
TOIL' LESS, a. Free from toil.
TOIL'SOMl-:, a. Laborious ; wearisome.
TOIL'SOME-NESS, n. Laboriousness ; labour ; wea-
risomeness.
TOISE (toiz), n. [Fr.] A measure of six French
feet, or nearly six and a half English.
TO-KAY', n. Wine made at Tokay, in Hungary,
from white grapes, and of peculiarly aromatic
flavour.
TO- KEN (to'kn), n. Something intended to indi-
cate or represent another thing; a mark or me-
morial. SYN. Sign ; note ; symbol ; badge.
TOLE, v. t. To draw or allure by some bait.
TO-LE'DO, n. A sword of the finest temper.
TOL'ER-A-BLE, o. That may be endured; sup-
portable; sufferable ; moderately good or agree-
able.
TOL'ER-A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality of being
supportable.
T()L'ER-A-I$LY, ad. Moderately well ; passably.
TOL'ER-ANCE, n. Act of enduring.
TOL'ER-ANT, a. Enduring; being indulgent.
TOL'ER-ATE, . t. To allow without prohibition
or hinderance ; to suffer ; to permit ; not to re-
strain.
TOL-EK-ATION, n. The act of allowing what is
not wholly approved ; permission.
TOLL, n. A tax or fee for passing; a miller's por-
tion of grain for grinding ; sound of a bell.
TOLL, v. t. or v. i. To ring a bell slowly and with
uniformly repeated strokes.
TOLL'-BAR, n. A moveable beam across a road
where toll is received.
TOLL'-BOOTH, n. A place where goods are
weighed to ascertain the duties or toll; a prison.
TOLL'-DiSH, n. A dish for measuring tolls in
mills.
TOLL'-GATE, n. A gate where toll is paid.
TOLL'GATH-ER-ER, n. A man who takes toll.
TOLL'-HOUSE, n. A house where toll is taken.
TOM'A-HAWK, n. An Indian hatchet.
TOM'A-11 AWK, v. i. To cut or kill with a hatchet.
TO-MA'TO or TOMATO, n. A plant having an
agreeable acid taste, used in cookery ; the love-
TOMB (toom), n. The grave ; a vault for the dead;
a monument erected to preserve the memory of
the dead.
TOMB (toom), v. t. To place in a tomb ; to bury ;
to inter.
TOM BLESS (toomless), a. Destitiite of a tomb.
TCiTJiOY, . A rude boy or romping girl.
as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as sn ; Ting.
TOMB'STONE (toom'-), n. A stone over or near a
grave, erected to preserve the memory of the de
ceased; a monument.
TOM E, n. [Fr.] A book; a volume.
TO-MOR'RO W, n. The day after the present.
TON, n. [Fr.] The prevailing fashion.
TON (tun), n. The weight of 20 cwts. avoirdupois.
In the measurement of a ship, a ton is reckoned
at forty cubic feet. SYN. Tun. The spelling ton
has long been appropriated to the dry measure,
and tun to the wet measure, denoting a largo
cask, and also a certain measure for liquids,
which varies in different countries.
TONE, n. Sound, or a modification ofsonnd; an
. inflection of the voice ; a whining sound ; the
healthy state of the system ; harmonious relation
of colours.
TONE, v. t. To utter with a whine ; to tune.
TONED (tond), a. Having a tone.
TONE'LESS, a. Having no tone ; unmusical.
TONGS, n. pi. An instrument with two limbs to
handle fire, &c.
TONGUE (tung), n. The instrument of taste and
of speech; speech; discourse > a language; a
point or projection, as a tongue of land ; a point
or catch, as the fondue of a buckle, &c. See LAN-
GUAGE.
TONGUE (tung), v. t. To chide ; to scold.
TONGILED (tuned), a. Having a tongue.
TONGUE'LESS (tungless), a. Having no tongue.
TON're, a. Literally, increasing tension; hence,
increasing strength ; relating to tones or sounds.
TON'I, n. A medicine that gives strength ; in
music, the key-note or principal sound which
generates all the rest.
TON'KA, n. An odoriferous bean from Tonquin.
TON'NAGE (tuu'naje), n. The weight of goods
carried in a boat or ship.
TON SIL, n. A gland in the throat.
TON'SlLE, a. That may be clipped.
TON-SO'RI-AL, a. Pertaining to a barber.
TON'StUE (ton'shur), n. Act of clipping or shav-
ing off the hair.
TON-TINE' (ton-teen'), n. Annuity or survivor-
ship. Thus an annuity is shared arnorlg a num-
ber on the principle that the share of each, at
his death, is enjoyed by the survivors ; a build-
ing owned and held by proprietors on this prin-
ciple, [see.
TOO, ad. Over; noting excess ; also ; Itfcetcue, wuich
TOOL, n. An instrument of manual power ; a per-
son used as an instrument by nuoi I
TOOL, v. t. To shape with a tool.
TOOT, v. i. To make a particular sound with the
tongue or with a horn.
TOOTH, n. ; pi. TEETH. A bony substance in the
jaw for chewing ; a tine ; a IT
TOOTH, t;. t. To indent ; to furnish with teeth.
TOOTH'AHE (-ake), n. A pain in the teeth or
jaw; odontalgia.
TOOTH'-DRA W-ER, n. One who extracts teeth.
TOOTH'-DRA W-ING, n. The act or practice of
drawing teeth.
TOOTH'-EDGE, n. Sensation in the teeth excited
by grating sounds and by certain substances, as
acids, &c.
TOOTH'LESS, a. Deprived of or wanting teeth .
TOOTH'-PICK, in. An instrument ti =
TOOTH'-P1CK-ER,) teeth.
TOOTHSOME (-siim), a. Grateful to the taste.
TOP, n. The highest part ; the surface ; th<
est place or person ; a child's plaything ; a plat-
form round the head of a ship's mast.
COP, v. i. or v. t. To be eminent ; to cover on the
top ; to take off the top.
TOTAR-en, n. The principal man in n
TCyPARH-Y, n. A little state or government.
CO'PAZ, n. A gem of a yellowish colour.
COPE, v. t. To drink to excess ; to t i.
CO'PER, n. A drunkard ; one who drinks to ex-
cess.
TOP-GALTANT, a. The top-gallant sail is one
TOP
478
TOU
1, fi &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CABB, FAB, LIST,
which is above the sail extended across the top
mast; highest; elevated.
TOP-HAMP'EE, n. The gear connected with the
fair-weather sails of a ship.
TOP'-HEAV-Y (-hev-y), a. Too heavy at the top.
TO'PHET (to'fet), n. [Heft.] Hell, so called from a
valley near Jerusalem where fires wei-e continu
ally kept to burn dead carcases.
TOP'I-A-RY, a. Shaped by cutting.
TOP'KJ, n. Subject of discourse; an external
remedy.
TOP'I, > a. Local ; limited to one place ; per-
TOP'I-AL, ) taining to a topic or subject of a
discourse.
TOP'I-AL-LY, ad. Locally ; with application to
a particular part.
TOP'-KNOT (-not), n. A knot on the head.
TOP'LESS, a. Having no top.
TOP'-MAST, n. The mast next above the lower
mast.
TOPMOST, a. At the highest place ; uppermost.
TO-POG'RA-PHEE, > A fl<MSPr :hpr of r.lirps
TO-POG'E A-PHIST, j" n> A descnber ot P^c 63 -
TOP-O-GRAPH'KJ, 1 a. Descriptive of a place ;
TOP-O-GRAPH're-AL, ) pertaining to topography.
TOP-O-GKAPH'1-AL-LY, ad. In the manner of
toppgraphy.
TO-POG'RA-PHY, n. Description of a place, city,
town, parish, or tract of land.
TOP'PING, a. Assuming superiority ; proud ;
fine.
TOP'PLE, v. i. To fall or pitch forward.
TOP'SAIL, n. A sail extended across the top-
mast.
TOP'-STONE, n. A stone placed on the top.
TOP'S Y-TOR'VY, ad. With the head downward.
TOQUE (toko), ~)n. A kind of head-dress for a
TO-QUET' (to-ka'), ) woman ; mob-cap.
TORCH, n. A light made of some combustible
matter, generally carried in the hand on public-
occasions.
TO-REU'TKJ (-ru'tik), a. In sculpture, highly
finished ; applied to ivory figures, &c.
TOR'AIENT, n. Extreme anguish; torture; that
which gives pain or vexation.
TOR-MENT 7 , v. t. To put to extreme pain; to vex ;
to harass ; to put into great agitation.
TOR-MENT'OR, I n. One who inflicts torture ;
TOR-MENT'EE, j" that which torments.
TOR-NA'DO, n. ; pi. TOK-NA'DOES. A sudden and
violent wind or tempest, distinguished by a whirl-
ing motion.
TOlt-PJb/l)O, n. ; pi. TOR-PE'DOES. The cramp
fish or electric ray ; a fish which gives violent
electric shocks on being touched; an engine of
war for blowing up ships.
TOR' PENT, a. Incapable of motion ; torpid.
TOR-PES'CENCE, n. A state of insensibility;
torpor.
TOE'PID, a. Destitute of feeling; numb; dull;
having lost motion or the power of feeling. SYN.
Dull ; stupid ; sluggish ; inactive.
TOE-PID'I-TY, ) n. The state of numbness; in-
TOR'PID-NESS, } sensibility; inactivity; slug-
TOR'PI-TODE, ) gishness; stupidity.
TOR'POE, n. Loss of power of motion; sluggish-
ness; stupidity.
TOR-POE-lF're, a. Tending to produce torpor.
TORQUE, n. A collar or necklace, formed of in-
terlaced ringlets.
TOR-RE-FA-U'TION, n. The act of drying or
roasting.
TOE'EE-FY, v. t. To parch ; to roast or scorch,
as metallic ores.
TOE'RENT, n. A very rapid stream ; a strong
current ; o. rushing in a rapid stream.
TOE'EID, a. Violently hot; parched or dried with
heat ; burning.
TOE'RID-NESS, n. A burning heat.
TOE'SEL, n. Something twisted.
TOE'SION (Wr'shun), n. Act of twisting or wreath-
ing.
FALL, WHAT ; THftBE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BtRB ; MOVE,
TOR'SO, n. [It.] The body of a statue deprived of
head and limbs.
TOET, n. Wrong ; injury done to person or pro-
perty.
TOET'lLE, a. Twisted ; twined ; wreathed.
TOE'TIOUS (-shus), a. Done by wrong injurious.
TOET'IVE, a. Being twisted or wreathed.
TOR'TOISE (tor'tis), n. An animal covered with a
crust or shell.
TORT'C-OUS, a. Twisted, wreathed, or winding ;
deceitful; crooked.
TORTCRE (tSrt'yur), n. Violent pain ; anguish of
mind or body.
TORT'ORE, v. t. To punish with torture ; to in-
flict extreme pain.
TORT'QR-ER (tort'yu-rer), n. One who tortures;
a tormentor.
TO'R US, n. A large round moulding used in the
base of columns.
TOR'VOUS, a. Sour of aspect ; stern ; of a severe
countenance.
TO'RY, n. Originally, a robber or malcontent ; an
adherent to the ancient constitution in church
and state, as opposed to Whig ; Conservative, as
opposed to Reformer; an advocate for royal pre-
rogative.
TO'RY, a. Pertaining to the Tories.
TO'RY-I$M, H. The principles of a Tory.
TOSS, v. t. or v. i. To throw with the hand; to
agitate ; to roll and tumble.
TOSS, n. A throwing upward; a jerk; a particular
manner of throwing up the head.
TOSS'-POT, n. A toper ; one given to strong drink.
TOTAL, a. Whole ; full ; complete ; entire ; not
divided ; perpetual.
TO'TAL, n. The whole sum, quantity, or amount.
TO-TAL'I-TY, n. The whole sum or amount.
TOTAL-LY, ad. With completeness; wholly;
fully; entirely.
TOTE, v. t. To carry or convey. [Local.]
TOTI-DEM VER'BIS. [L.] In so many words;
in the very words.
TO'TO C(E'LO (se'16). [L.] By the whole hemi-
sphere ; as opposite as the poles, or as possible.
rOT'TEE, v. i. To shake so as to be in danger of
falling ; to vacillate ; to reel.
rOU')AN, n. A South American bird with a very
long cellular bill, and feather-like tongue.
rOUCH (tuch), v. t. Literally, to hit or strike
against; hence, to come in contact with ; to reach
or attain to ; to try by touching ; to meddle with ;
to affect or make an impression on ; v. i. to be in
contact with ; to fasten on ; to treat of slightly,
as in discourse.
TOOCH (tuch), n. Contact; sensa of feeling; act
of touching; proof made; power of exciting the
feelings.
roOCH'A-BLE (tuch'-), a. That may be touched ;
tangible.
TOUCH'-HOLE (tuch'-), n. The vent of a cannon
or other species of fire-arms.
TOtfCH'I-NESS, n. The state of peevishness;
irascibility.
TOOCH'ING (tuch'-), a. Adapted to affect the
feelings.
TOOCH'ING-LY, ad. In an affecting manner;
movingly.
TOCCH'STONE (tuch'-), n. A stone to try metals ;
flinty slate.
TOUCH'-WyOD (tuch'-), n. Decayed wood that
easily takes fire.
TOCCH'Y (tuch'y), a. Apt to take offence ; peevish ;
irritable.
TOUGH (tuf), a. Not easily parted; not brittle;
strong; tenacious; severe.
TOOGH'BN (tuffn), v. i. and v. t. To make or
become tough.
TOCGH'LY (tufly), ad. In a tough manner.
TOCGH'NESS (tuf ness), n. Firmness of cohesion.
TOU-PEE' (too-pa'), ") n. An artificial lock or curl
TOU-PET' ) of hair; a little tuft.
TOUE (toor), n. literally, a going round; hence,
TOU
479
TRA
DOVE, WyLF, BOOK ; KL'LE, ByLLj Vl"CIOU. 6 0.3 S. ; 6aSJ; S 0.3 Z ; CHOSSH; THIS.
a journey in a circuit ; a turn of duty. SYN. Cir
cuit ; excursion ; jaunt ; journey, which see.
;), n. One who makes a tour.
TOUR'MA-LIN, ) n. A stone sometimes used as a
TOE'MA-LIN, j gem, and remarkable for ex
hibitiner electricity by heat.
TOCRN'A-MENT (turn'a-meut) , n. A martial sport
or exercise on horseback ; a tilt.
TOURN'I-QUET (tiirn'e-ket), n. [Fr.] A surgica
Instrument or bandage, which is straitened or
relaxed by a screw, and used to check hemor
rhages.
TOUR-NURE' (toor-nure'), n. [JPr.] The rounding
off of a thing ; a projection of a lady's dress be
hind.
TOUSE (touz), v. t. To pull and haul ; to tear.
TOU'SLE,') , v , n (u. t. To put in disorder: to
TOU'SEL. j (tou zl) > 1 tumble ; to tangle.
TOUT'EE, n. One who seeks for customers for an
inn.
TOW (to), n. The coarse part of flax and hemp.
TOW, v. t. To draw or drag on water by a rope.
TOWAGE (to'aj), n. Act of towing; price of tow
TO W'ARD (to'ard), \prep. In the direction of ;
TOWARDS (to'ardz), 5 with respect to ; ad. near-
ly. This is a compound of to and ward (Latin,
versus). The original form was towards (bein_
the genitive of u-ard), as appears from the Anglo~-
Saxon towardes, and a comparison of the cognate
dialects. The s was dropped in our version of the
Scriptures, making it toward-, but the original
form, tou-ards, has always remained in general use.
TOWARD (to'ard), o. Eeady to do or learn ; op-
posed to fro ward.
\RD-LI-NESS, \n. Aptness to do or learn :
v'ARD-NESS, J tractableness.
A RD-LY (to'ard-ly), a. Eeady to do or learn ;
tractable.
TOW-BOAT, n. A boat that is towed.
TOWEL, 77. A cloth for wiping the hands and
other things.
TOWEL-LING, n. Cloth for towels.
TOWEE, n. A high edifice ; a citadel ; a fortress.
TOWER, v. i. To soar aloft; to mount high.
TOWER-ING, a. Very high; elev;/
TOWER- Y, a. Adorned or fenced with towers.
TOW~ROpl;} n - A rope for towing.
TOWN, n. A collection of houses larger than a
village ; the inhabitants ; a township ; the whole
territory under certain limits.
TOWN'-LKK,'7i. A registrar of town proceedings.
TOWN- R 1'E R, n. A public crier.
TOWN'-HOUSE, n. A house for town business.
TOWN '-LET, n. A little town.
TOWN'SHIP, n. The territory of a town.
TOWNS'MAN n. A man of the same town.
-TALK (-tawk), n. Common discourse of
a town, or the subject of common conversation.
TOW-PATH (to'-path), n. A path used by horses
that tow boats.
TOX'I-AL, a. Poisonous.
rOX-I-CO-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to toxico-
roX-I-COL'O-GY, n. The branch of medicine
which treats of poisons.
TOY, n. A plaything for children ; a thing for
amusement : an article of trifling value.
TOY, v. i. To dally amorously; to trifle or play.
TOY'EE, n. One who trifles or toys.
TOY'FUL, a. Full of trifling play.
TOY'ISH, a. Given to dallying ; trifling ; wanton.
TOY'ISH-NESS, n. Trifling behaviour.
TOY'S HOP, n. A shop where toys are sold.
TRACE, v. t. To draw or delineate by marks ; to
follow by some mark left, as footsteps.
TRACE, n. A mark drawn or left by any thing
passing ; a footstep ; remains ; impressions ; vest-
ige, which see.
TRACE, n. ; TKA/CF.S, pi. The straps of the harness
by which a carriage, &c., is drawn.
TRACE'A-BLE, a. That may be traced.
TRA'CER, n. One who marks out.
TRA'CER-Y, n. Ornamental work.
TEA'CHE-A (tra'ke-a), n. The windpipe.
TEA'-GHE-AL (tra'ke-al), o. Pertaining to the
trachea.
TRA-CHE-OT'O-MY, n. The operation of making
a hole in the windpipe.
TEA-CHl'TIS, n. Inflammation of the windpipe.
TRACK, n. A mark left by something passing ;
footstep ; beaten path ; course.
TEACK, v. t. To follow by traces or footsteps ; to
tow a boat in a canal. [boat.
TRACK'AGE, u. A drawing and towing, as of a
TRACK'LESS, a. Having no footsteps or path.
TRACT, n. Literally, something drawn out or ex-
tended; hence, a space of indefinite extent; a
treatise or written discourse.
TRACT-A-BlLT-TY, \n. The quality or state of
TEA-CT-A-BLE-NES3, $ being tractable or man-
ageable ; docility.
TRACT' A-BLE, a. That may be easily led, taught,
or managed; governable; manageable.
TEACT'A-BLY, ad. With ready compliance.
TRACT- A'RI AN, n. One of the writers oftheOas
ford Tracts, in favour of Puseyism; a Puseyite.
TRACT'ATE, n. A tract or treatise.
TEAC-TA'TION, n. Treatment or handling of a
subject ; discussion.
TRACT'ILE, a. That may be drawn oufc; ductile.
TRA-T1L'I-TY, n. Capacity of being drawn in
length.
TEAC'TION, n.
The act of drawing.
TEA-e-Tl"TIOUS (-tYsh'us), o. Treating of.
TEACTIVE, a. That draws, as tractive power.
TEACT'OR, n. That which draws,
TEA T'O-EY, \n. A curve whose tangent is always
TEACT'RIX, $ equal to a given line.
TRADE, n. The act or business of exchanging
commodities by barter, or the business of buying
and selling for money ; the business which a per-
son has learned ; art ; occupation ; men engaged
in the same profession. SYN. Occupation; busi-
ness ; traffic ; commerce.
TEADE, v. i. To exchange, purchase, or sell goods;
to traffic.
TRAD'EK, n. One who trades ; a trading vessel.
TEADE'-SALE, n. An auction for booksellers.
TEADES'MAN, n. A man who pursues the busi-
ness of buying and selling ; a shop-keeper.
TRADE'- AVI ND, n. A wind in or near the torrid
zone that blows from the same point the whole
year, or a periodical wind.
TEA-DI"TION (-di'sh'un), n. Transmission from
father to son; that which is handed down from
age to age by oral communication.
TEA-DI"TION-AL, \ f ^ , , ^ (a. Delivered
TEA-D1"TION-A-RY, j (- d * slian -)> ( ora li y from
father to son.
TSA-Di"TION-AL-LY (dlsh'un-), ad. By tradi-
tion ; by transmission from father to son,
TEA-DI"TION-ER, } , dYqh / lin ) $ n. One that
TEA-DI"T10N-IST,J (-dlshun-), | adheres to
tradition.
TRAD'I-TIVE, a. Handed down or transmissible
from age to age by oral communication,
TRA-DOCE', v. t. To represent as blamable ; to
misrepresent. SYN. To defame ; calumniate ;
slander.
TEA-DOC'ER, n. One who defames or vilifies ; a
slanderer ; a calumniator.
TEA-D0'TION, n. Derivation from one of the
same kind : transmission from one to another.
TRA-DCT'1VE, a. That may be deduced.
TRAF'FLG, n. Trade either by barter or by buy-
ing and selling ; merchandise. SYN. Commerce ;
dealing ; barter.
TRAF'FI, v. i. To buy and sell wares ; to trade.
AFTIC, w. t. To exchange in traffic.
TRAF'FICK-EE, n. One who trades ; a dealer.
TRAG'A-CJANTII, n. A plant producing an adhe-
sive gum ; the gum itself.
TRA
480
TEA
1, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. ciRB, FAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, Tinai ; MARINE, B!RD ; MOVE,
TEA-GE'DI-AN, n. An actor of tragedies.
TEAG'E-DY, n. A dramatic poem representing
some action having a fatal issue; a fatal event
any event in which human li ves are lost by hu
man violence.
TKAG'IG, > o. Pertaining to tragedy : fatal
TRA6'I-AL, j mournful.
TRAG'ie-AL-LY, ad. With a fatal event.
TEAG'HJ-AL-NESS, n. The quality of mournful
ness ; sadness.
TEAG-I-JOM'E-DY, .%. A piece in which serious
and comic scenes are blended.
TEA6-I-OM'I, \a. Pertaining to tragi-
TRA6-I-OM'I-AL, S comedy; partaking of a
mixture of grave and comic scenes.
TRAIL (trale), v. t. To draw along the ground ; to
lower ; to hunt by a track ; v. i. to be drawn
along.
TRAIL (trale), n. Any thing drawn behind ; track ;
scent left on the ground by the animal pursued;
the entrails of a fowl.
TEAIN (trane), v. t. or v. i. To draw along ; to en-
tice ; to exercise for discipline j to break, tame,
and accustom to draw, as oxen.
TRAIN (trane), n. Literally, any thing drawn out
in a line, as the train of a gown, a train of fol-
lowers, a train of gunpowder ; a series or succes-
sion of connected things, as a train of travellers, a
trai?i of artillery ; a continuous line of carriages
on a railroad. SYN. The cars. Train is the word
universally used in Britain with reference to rail-
way travelling, as, " I came by the morning train,"
&c. In America, the phrase "the cars" has been
extensively introduced in the room of train," as,
" The cars are late." The former expression is
obviously more appropriate, and is gradually pre-
vailing to the exclusion of " the cars."
TEAIN'-BAND, n. A company of militia.
TRAIN'EE, n. One who prepares men for athletic
exercises or horses for racing.
TEAIN'ING, n. The act or process of drawing or
educating ; the disciplining of troops.
TEAIN'-OIL, n. Oil from the blubber
whales.
TEAIPSE (trapse), v. t. To walk
carelessly.
TEAIT (tra or trait), n. A feature of character ; a
line or stroke ; characteristic line.
TRAITOR, n. One who violates his allegiance or
his trust, and betrays his country or cause.
TEAI'TOE-OUS, a. Guilty of treachery; deceit-
ful ; consisting in treason ; implying breach of
allegiance.
TRAl'TOE-OUS-NESS, n. Breach of trust;
treachery.
TRAITRESS, n. A female who betrays her coun-
try or her trust.
TEA-JET', v. t. To throw or cast through.
TEA J'ET, n. A ferry ; a place for passing water
with boats.
TRA-JE'TION (-jeVshun), n. Act of darting
through ; transportation ; emission.
TEA-JETO-EY, n. The curve which a moving
TEAM'- WAY, ) n. A rude, temporary railroad for
TRAM'-EOAD, j waggons.
TEANCE, n. A state in which the soul seems to
have passed out of the body; an ecstasy.
TEAN'QUIL (trang'-kwfl or trank'wil), a. Being
quiet; calm; undisturbed.
TRAN'QUIL-LlZE (trank'wil-), . t. To allay when
agitated ; to quiet ; to calm.
TEAN-QUlL'LI-TY (tran-kwfl'e-ty), n. Freedom
from agitation of mind or external disturbance.
SYN. Quiet ; peace ; repose.
TEAN-QUIL-LIZ-A'TION, n. The act of tranquil-
lizing, or state of being tranquillized.
TRAN'QUIL-LY, ad. in a peaceful manner;
quietly; peacefully.
TRAN'QUIL-NESS, n. A state of peacefulness ;
quietness.
TRANS, a Latin preposition, signifying ocer, beyond,
across, through.
TEANS-AT, v. t. To perform any act or busi-
ness ; to- manage ; v. i. to conduct matters ; to
manage.
TRANS-A-6'TION, n. Literally, that which is done ;
performance of any act or business; occurrence ;
management. SYN. Proceeding. A transaction
(from trans and ago) is something already done
and completed ; a pi-oceeding (from proceed; is
either something which is now going on, or, if
ended, is still contemplated with, reference to its
progress or successive stages.
TRANS-Ai'TOR, n. One who performs.
TEANS-AL'PINE, o. Being beyond the Alps in
regard to Eome ; opposed to cisalpine.
TEANS- AN'LMATE, u. t. To animate by the con-
["EANS-AT-LAN'TIG, a. Lying or being beyond
or on the other side of the Atlantic.
TRANS-CEND', v. t. To rise above ; to surmount ;
to surpass.
TKANS-CENiyENCE, ) n. Superior excellence ;
TEANS-CENL V EN-CYJ elevation above truth ;
or fat of
exaggeration.
rPO A "VTO /^tl^VTT^/'
Surpassing; very excel-
body describes in space.
TR A-LATION, n. A change in the use of a word.
TEAL-A-Ti"TIOUS (-tish'us), a. Metaphorical;
not literal.
TEA-LO'CENT, a. Being transparent ; clear.
TEAM'MEL, n. A long net for catching fishes or
birds ; shackles for confining the feet of a horse ;
a kind of hook for hanging vessels over a fire.
TEAM'MEL, v. t. To catch with a net ; to hamper
motion ; to confine.
TliA-MON'TANE, a. Being beyond the moun-
tain ; foreign ; barbarous.
TRAMP, v. t. or v. i. To tread or travel; to stroll.
TRAMPELl, n. A stroller ; a vagrant.
TRAM'PLE (tram'pl), . t. or v. t. To tread under
foot, especially to tread upon with pride or
scorn ; to prostrate by treading.
TRAM'PIiER, n. One who treads down.
TEAM-POOSE', v. i. To go heavily. [FitljarJ
RANS-CEND'ENT, o.
lent.
sluttishly or . TRANS-CEND-ENT'AL, a. Literally, passing be-
yond; transcending; that cannot be ex
by a finite number of terms with determinate in-
dices ; that transcends, or goes beyond the limits
of actual experience, but not of human knowledge;
hence, going back to the foundations of knowledge,
as the transcendental philosophy SYN. Empirical.
These terms, with the corresponding nouns, trans-
cendentalism and empiricism, are of comparatively
recent origin. Empirical, in this connection, re-
fers to knowledge which is gained by the experi-
ence of actual phenomena, without reference to
the principles or laws to which they are to be re-
ferred or by which they are to be explained.
Transcendental has reference to those principles
which are not derived from experience, and yet
are absolutely necessary to make experience pos-
sible or useful. Such, in the better sense of the
term is the transcendental philosophy, or transcen-
dentalism . Each of these words has also been used
in a bad sense. Empiricism, in this case, is applied
to that limited view of knowledge which neglects
the truths or principles above referred to andtrusta
to experience alone. Transcendentalism has been
applied to the opposite extreme, which in its de-
preciation of experience, loses sight of the relation
which phenomena sustain to principles. Hence,
the term has been applied to a kind of investiga-
tion, or a use of language which is vague, obscure,
fantastic, or extravagant.
TEANS-CEND-ENTAL-I$M, n. The principles of
the transcendental philosophy.
TEANS-CEND-ENT'AL-IST, n. One who believes
in the transcendental philosophy. See TRAXSCKN-
DENTAL. L u er.
TRANS-CEND'ENT-LY, ad. In a surpassing inan-
TEANS-CKNIXENT-NESS, n. Superior or unu-
sual excellence.
TRA
481
TEA
DOVT, W<?LF, B<?OK ;
TRANSCRIBE', . t. To write over again in the
game words ; to copy.
TRANS-RIB'ER, n. One who copies ; a copier.
TRANS'RlPT, n. A copy from an original ; a copy
of any kind.
TRAN3-R1PTION, n. Act of copying.
TKANS--eRlPT'lVE, a. Relating to a copy.
TRANS-CRIPTIVE-LY, ad. In manner of a copy.
TRANS-CR'SION (-kur'shun), n. A passing be-
yond limits.
TKAN'SEPT, n. In a cruciform church, the arm
projecting each way on the side of the stem of the
cross ; the aisles extending across the nave and
main tri
TRANS-FEU' (13), v. t. To convey from one place
or person to another; to sell or alienate title.
TRANS'FER, n. The removal or conveyance of a
thing from one place or person to another.
TRANS-FER'A-BLE, ) 'trans-fer'- or trans'-), a.
TRANS-FRR'I-BLE, > That may be conveyed ;
TRANS-FERR'A-BLE, ) negotiable, as a note;
assignable.
TRANS-FER-REE', n. One to whom a transfer is
made.
TRANS-FER'RENCE, n. Act of transferring.
TRANS-FER'RER, n. He who transfers.
TRANS-FER'RING, n. The act of conveying or
removing from one place or state to another.
TRANS-FIG-fJ-RA'TION, n. Change of form.
TRANS-FIGTJRE (-flg'ur), . t. To transform or
change the external appearance of.
TRANS-FIX', v. t. To pierce through ; to kill.
TRANS-FOKM', v. t. To change the form or shape
ot ; to change one substance to another.
TRANS-FOR-MA'TION, n. The act or operation of
changing the form or external appearance ; me-
tamorphosis ; transmutation.
TRANS-'FORM'A-TIVE, a. Tending to trans-
form.
TRANS-FORM'ING, o. Adapted to effect a change
of form or state.
TRANS-FCSE' (-fuzeO, v. t. To pour into another ;
to transfer, as blood, from one animal to another.
TRANS FC'SI-BLE (-iu'ze-bl), a. That may be
transfused.
TRANS-FO'SION (-fu'zhun), n. Act of pouring
from one into another.
TRANS-GRESS', v. t. or v. i. To pass over or be-
yond any limit ; to violate; to sin.
TRANS-GRES'SION (-gresh'un), n. Violation of
law or duty.
TKANS-GRES'SION-AL, a. That violates a known
law or rule of duty.
TRANS-GRfiSS'lVE.a. Apt to transgress ; faulty;
culpable.
TRANS-GRESS'OR, n. A law-breaker ; an offender;
one who violates a command.
TRAN-SHlP', v. t. To carry from one ship to ano-
ther.
TRAN-SHlPTMENT, n. A transferring to another
ship.
TRAN'SIENT (tr&n'shent), a. Passing away or
through ; not stationary ; hasty ; fleeting, which
TRAN'SIENT-LY (tran'shent-ly), ad. For a short
time ; hastily.
TRAN'SJENT-NESS, n. Speedy passage.
TRAN-SlL'I-ENCE, \n. A leap from thing to
TR AN-St L'1-EN-CY, j thing.
TRAN'SIT, n. A passing, as of goods, through a
country, or of a planet over the disc of the sun,
or a heavenly body over the meridian of a place.
TRAN-Sl'TION (tran-slzh'un), n. Passing from
one place or state to another ; change ; in rhetoric,
passing from one subject to another.
JTIiAN-ST'TION-AL (-sizh'un-), a. Containing or
denoting transition.
TRAN'Sl-TlVE, a. Passing over ; indicating a pass-
ing; in grammar, a transitive verb is one which is
or may be followed by an object ; active.
TRAN'SI-TlVE-LY,ad. In a transitive manner.
TUAN'SL-TO-RI-LY, ad. With short continuance.
; vf'cious . -e as K; ft as j ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
TRAN'SI-TO-RI-NESS, n. A passing with short
continuance ; speedy evanescence.
TRAN'SI-'l'O-RY, o. Passing without stay ; fleet-
ing, which see.
TRANS-LAT'A-BLE, a. Capable of being trans-
lated into another language.
TRANS-LATE', v. t. To remove from one place to
another ; to render into another language.
TRANS-LA'TION, n. A removal from one place
to another ; the act of turning into another lan-
guage.
TRANS-LA'TIVE, a. Taken from others.
TRANS-LA'TOR, n. One who translates.
TRANS-LO-GA'TION, n. Exchange of place ; sub-
stitution.
TRANS-LO'CEN-CY (28), n. The property of trans-
mitting rays of light without permitting objects
to be seen ; semi-transparent.
TRANS-LC'CENT, a. Transmitting light imper-
fectly. STN. Transparent. A thing is translu-
cent when it merely admits the passage of light
without enabling us to distinguish objectsthrough
it ; it is transparent when we can clearly discern
objects placed on the other side of it. Glass, wa
ter, &c., are transparent; ground glass, horn, &c.,
are tra7tslucent.
TRANS-LC'CID, a. Transparent; diaphanous.
TRANS-MA-R1NE' (-ma-reen'), o. Being- beyond
the sea.
TRANS'MI-GRANT, a. Passing to another place ;
migrating.
TRANS'MI-GRATE, v. t. To pass from one coun-
try or body to another.
TRANS-MI-GRA'TION, n. Passing from one coun-
try to another ; the passage of the soul into ano-
ther body.
TRANS'MI-GRA-TOR, n. One who transmigrates.
TRANS-MlS'SI-BLE, o. That may be transmitted
through a transparent body, or passed from one
to another.
TRANS-MIS'SION (-mteh'un), n. Act of sending
from one place to another ; a sending through
TRANS-MlS'SiVE, a. Transmitted from one to
another; sent.
TRANS-MlT', v. t. To send from one to another;
to sufter to pans through.
TRANS-MIT'TAL, n. Transmission from one to
another.
TRANS-MlTTER, n. One who transmits.
TRANS-MlTTI-BLE, a. That may be transmitted
TRANS-MO'TA-BLE, a. Capable of change into an-
other substance.
TRAN.S-MOT-A-BlLTTY,n. Susceptibility 'of change
TRANS-MG'TA-BLY, ad. With capacity of being
changed into another substance or nature.
TRANS-MU-TA'TION, n, Change into anothersub-
stance or form.
TRANS-MOTE', v. t. To change into another sub-
stance or nature.
TRANS-MCT'ER, n. One that transmutes.
TRAN'SOM (trSn'sum), n. A beam across the stern
of a ship : a lintel over a door.
TRANS-PAR'EN-CY (4). n. The quality of suffer-
ing light so to pass that objects can be distinctly
seen through ; perviousness to light ; a picture
painted with semi-transparent colours to be ex-
hibited with the light behind.
TRANS-PAR'ENT, a. Transmitting rays of light ;
clear : pellucid ; pervious to light ; translucent,
which see.
TRANS-PA R'ENT-LY, ad. Clearly; so as to be
seen through.
TRANS-PAR'ENT-NESS, n. The quality of being
transparent.
TSAN-SPl'0-OUS, a. Pervious to the sight.
THANS-PIERCE', P. t. To pierce through.
TRANS-PI-K A'TION, n. A passin- through pores.
TRANS-PIRE', u. t. or v. i. To pass or send
through pores ; to become known.
TRANS-PLANT', v. f. To plant in another place.
TRANS-PLAN-TATION, n. Act of removing and
planting in an other place; removal. 81
TJRA
482
TEE
1, fi, &c., long. I, B, &c., short ciEE, FAB, LAST,
TR AN S-PL A N T'E R, n. One who transplants.
TRAN-SPLEND'ENT, a. Very resplendent.
TRANS'PORT, n. A carrying or conveyance; a
ship for transportation; a convict banished; a
state of rapture.
TRANS-PORT', v. t. To convey or carry ; to ra-
vish with pleasure ; to banish.
TRANS-PORT'A-BLE, a. That may be trans-
ported.
TRANS-POR-TA'TION, n. Act of conveying ; ban-
ishment.
TRANS-PORT'ED-LY, ad. In a state of rapture.
TRANS-PORT'ER, n. One who transports.
TRANS-POS'AL (-po'zl), n. A changing of place.
TRANS- POSE', v. t. To change place, and put one
thing in the place of the other.
TRANS-PO-Si"TION (-zish'un), n. Change of
places ; the state of being reciprocally changed in
place.
TBANS-PO-Sl'rriON-AL (-zish'un-), a. Pertaining
to transposition.
TRAN-SUB-STAN'TIATE, v. t. To change to an-
other substance.
TRAN-SUB-STAN-TI-A'TION (-she-a'shun), n.
Change of substance ; the Roman Catholic as-
sumption of a change of the bread and wine in
the Eucharist into the body and blood, soul and
divinity of Christ.
TRAN-SU-DA'TION, n. A passing out in sweat.
TRAN-SU'DA-TO-RY, o. Passing out by transuda-
tion.
TRAN-SCDE', v. i. To pass out, as perspiration,
through the pores.
TRANS- VER SAL, a. Running across or over.
TRANS- VERSE', o. Lying in a cross direction;
v. t. to overturn.
TRANSVERSE, n. The longer axis of an ellipse.
TRANS-VERSE'LY, ad. In a cross direction.
TRAP, n. An engine that shuts suddenly to catch
beasts ; an ambush ; tabular greenstone.
1RAP, v. t. or v. i. To catch in a trap; to in-
snare.
TRA-PAN f/ , v. t. To inanare ; to take by stratagem.
TRA-PAN', n. A snare or stratagem.
TRA-PAN'N ER, n. One that insnares.
TRAP'-DOOR (-ddre), n. A door in a floor or roof.
TRAPES, n. A slattern ; a sluttish woman.
TRA-PE'ZI-UM, n. ; pi. TRA-PE'ZI-A or TRA-PE'ZI-
UMS. A figure under four unequal right lines, of
which both the opposite pairs are not parallel.
TRAP'PER, n. One who sets traps to catch bea-
vers and other wild animals.
TRAP'PINGS, n. pi. Ornaments; horse furniture.
TRAPS, n. pi. Goods ; furniture.
TRASH, n. Waste matter ; bad or unripe fruit.
TRASH, v. f . or v. i. To lop or crop ; to strip of
leaves ; to follow with violence and trampling.
TRASH'Y, a. Of no value ; waste ; worthless.
TRAU-MAT'IC, n. A medicine useful in the cure
ofwounds.
TRAU-MAT'IG, o. Pertaining to wounds.
TRAVAIL, v. i. To labour with pain ; to toil; to
be in child-birth.
TRAV'AIL, n. Labour with pain ; child-birth.
TRAVE, n. A wooden frame to confine an unruly
horse when being shod ; a beam.
TRAVEL, v. i. To make a journey or voyage; v. t.
to pass ; to journey over.
TRAVEL, n. A passing on foot ; journey ; a voy-
age. Travels, in the plural, an account of occur-
rences and observations made during a journey.
TRAVEL-LER, n. One who travels or is passing ;
one who visits foreign countries ; iron ring in-
circling the back-stays.
TRAVEL-LER'S JOY, n. A species of clematis ;
a climbing plant with white flowers.
TRAVEL-LING, a. Pertaining to or connected
with travel, as a travelling companion, expenses,
&c.
TRAVERS-A-BLE, o. That may be traversed or
denied. [ninl.
TRAVERSE, n. Any thing lying across ; a de-
T ALL, WHAT; THERE, TBRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
TRAVERSE, a. Lying across ; ad. crosswise.
TRAVERSE, v. t. To lay in a cross direction ; tt
cross, thwart, or obstruct ; to wander over ; to
survey.
TRAVERSE, v. i. In fencing, to use the posture or
motions of opposition or counteraction ; to turn
round, as on a pivot.
TRAVERS-ER, n. One who opposes a plea.
TRAVER-TIN, n. A concretionary stone, deposi-
ted from calcareous water.
TRAVES-TY, n. A parody or burlesque transla-
tion ; a. disguised by dress so as to be ridiculous ;
burlesqued.
TRAVES-TY, v. t. To translate so as to turn to
ridicule. [boat.
TRAWL, v. t. To fish by trailing a net behind a
TRAY (tra), n. A small trough of wood.
TREACH'ER-OUS (trech'er-us), a. Violating alle-
giance or faith pledged.
TREACH'ER-OUS-LY, ad. Perfidiously; by vio-
lating allegiance or faith pledged.
TREACH'ER-OUS-NESS, n. Breach of faith.
TREACH'ER-Y (trech'er-y), n. Violation of allegi-
ance or faith ; perfidy.
TREA'LE (tre'kl), n. A viscid, uncrystallizable
syrup of sugar ; molasses.
TREAD (tred), v. t. [pret. TEOD; pp. TBOD, TBOD-
DEK.] To set the foot; to walk or go.
TREAD, n. A stepping, or manner oi stepping.
TREAD'ER, n. One who treads.
TREAD'LE, I , tr x d ,, m > n. The part of a loom
TRED'DLE.j ( tr ^dl), ; O r other machine which
is moved by the foot.
TREAD'-MlLL (trtkT-), n. A mill moved by per-
sons treading on a wheel ; a punishment.
TREASON (tre'zn), a. The highest crime against
a state ; violation of allegiance.
TREA'SON-A-BLE, a. Partaking of treason.
TREA'$ON-A-BLE-NESS (tre'zn-), n. The quality
of being treasonable.
TREAS'URE (trSzh'ur), n. Wealth accumulated ; a
great quantity; abundance.
TREAS'URE (trC-zh'ur), v. t. To lay up ; to provide
a supply ; to collect up for future use.
TREAS'UR-ER (trezh'ur-er), n. An officer who has
charge of a treasury.
TREAS'URE-TROVE, n. Any money, &c., found in
the earth, the owner of which is not known.
TREAS'UR-Y (trezh'ur-y), n. A place where public
money is kept ; a repository of abundance.
TREAT, v. t. To handle, manage, or use ; to ne-
gotiate ; to discourse on, as to treat a subject ; to
give food or drink, as to treat the company ; to
subject to the action of, as to treat diseases with
certain medicines.
TREAT, v. C. To discourse of or on ; to handle in
writing ; to negotiate, as with an ambassador ; to
give food or drink.
THE AT, n. An entertainment given ; a feast.
TREA'TlSE (tretis), n. A written discourse; a
book; a tract.
TREATMENT, n. Manner of using; good or bad
behaviour toward ; usage ; management.
TREATY, n. An agreement, league, or compact
between nations or sovereigns. SYN. Negotia-
tion; compact; contract.
TREA'TY-MAK-ING, a. Authorized to make or
form treaties. The treaty-making power is lodged
in the executive government.
TREB'LE, n. Three-fold ; triple ; acute.
TREB'LE (trebl or trlbl), n. A part in music
whose sounds are highest or most acute.
TREB'LE, v. t. or v. i. To make or become three-
fold, or thrice as much.
TREB'LE-NESS, n. State of being threefold.
TREB'LY, ad. In a threefold number or quantity.
TREE, n. The largest of the vegetable kind, con-
sisting of a stem, roots, and branches.
TREE, v. t. To drive to a tree; to cause to ascend
TREE'NAIL, n. A long wooden pin used in ship-
building. [Usually pronounced trvrtntl,]
TKE
DOVE, WOLF, B90K; R$LE,
483
Till
. ; vl"cious -6 as K ; 6 as J ; as I ; OH as SH ; THIS.
TRE'FOIL, n. A species of grass with three leaves,
used for pasture.
TKEIL/'LAGE (trSlaje), n. Eail-work to support
plants.
TREL'LIS, n. A frame or screen of cross-bars for
supporting plants, and for other uses.
TH EM'BLE, v. i. To shake involuntarily, as with
fear or cold ; to shiver ; to shudder ; to totter.
TEEM'BLER, n. One that trembles.
1 13LING-LY, ad. With shaking or shiver-
in .-.
TRE-MEN'DOUS, a. Such as may excite fear or
terror, or astonish by force and violence, as a tre-
mendous storm. SYN. Terrible ; frightful ; dread-
ful; awful.
TEE-MEN'DOUS-LY, ad. In a manner to awaken
terror or astonishment.
TRE-MEN'DOUS-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being tremendous, terrible, or violent.
TRETV10R, n. An involuntary trembling or shak-
ing ; a quivering or vibratory motion.
TREM'C-LOyS, a. Trembling, as affected with
fear or timidity ; shivering ; snaking.
TREM'0-LOUS-LY, ad. With shivering.
LOUS-NESS, n. A state of shaking or
qiiivering.
TRENCH, v. t. To dig a ditch or long furrow in
the earth ; to furrow ; to cut ; v. i. to encroach,
with on or upon.
TRENCH, n. A long, narrow cut in the earth ; a
ditch.
TRENCH'ANT, a. Cutting; sharp; dividing.
TEENCH'ER, n. One that digs a trench ; a wooden
plate.
TRENCH'ER-MAN, n. A great eater ; a glutton.
TRENCH'-PLOW, ). A plough to cut a deep
TRENCH'- PLOUGH,/ furrow; v. t. to plough
with deep furrows.
TREND, n. Inclination or bend in a particular
direction, as the trend of the coast.
TREND, v. i. To run ; to have a particular direc-
tion ; v. i. to free wool from filth. [Local.]
EREN'DLE, n. Any thing round that is used in
turning or rolling ; a little wheel.
TRENTAL, n. In the Eoman Catholic Church, a
service of thirty masses for the dead, rehearsed
on thirty successive days.
TEE-PAN', n. A circular saw, used in surgery to
perforate the skull.
A N', v. t. To cut or perforate with a trepan.
TRE-PAN', n. A snare ; a trapan.
TRE-PHINE' or TRE-PHINE', . An instrument
for trepanning, more modern than the trapan.
TRE-PHINE' or TEE-PHlNE', v. t. To perforate
with a trephine ; to trepan.
TREP-I-DA'TION, n. An involuntary trembling;
a quaking or quivering from fear or terror ; con-
fused haste. SYN. Tremor; agitation; fear;
emotion.
TRES'PASS, v. i. Literally, to pass beyond ; hence,
to cross the boundary of another's land unlaw-
fully ; to commit any offence against another ; to
intrude ; to inconvenience.
TRES'PASS, n. An unlawful act against the
rights of another ; any violation of a known rule
or duty ; sin.
TEES'PASS-ER, n. One who trespasses ; a trans-
gressor of the moral law ; a sinner.
TRESS, n. A lock, curl, or ringlet of hair.
. o. Having tresses ; curled.
L'LE (tr^s'sl), n. A frame to support any
thing.
r, n. An allowance in weight for waste.
TREV'ET^n. A stool or other thing supported
TRIVET, ) by three legs.
TREWS, n. pi. Highland trousers, worn by eques-
trians and aged men.
TREY (tra), n. The three at cards or dice.
TRI, in compounds, signifies THREE.
TRI'A-BLE, o. That may bo tried or legally exa-
mined.
TRI'AD, n. The union of three ; three united ; in
music, the common chord, consisting of the third,
fifth, and eighth.
TRl'AL, n. Any effort or exertion of strength to
ascertain its effect; an examination or expert
ment ; a temptation ; legal examination ; suffer-
ing that puts strength, patience, or faith to the
test. SYN. Attempt; endeavour; proof; essay.
See TEST.
TRI'A-LOGUE, (-log), n. A discourse by three
speakers.
TRI'AN-GLE (tri'ang-gl), n. A figure of three
lines and three angles.
TRl'ANG-GLjED (-ang-gld), a. Having three an-
gles.
TRI-ANG'GU-LAR, a. That has three angles.
TRI-ANG-GU-LATION, n. The use of a series of
triangles in surveying.
TRI'ARCH-Y, n. Government by three persons.
TRl'AS, n. The upper new red sandstone.
TRI'BAL, o. Belonging to a tribe.
TRI-BA'SI, a. Having three bases.
TRIBE, n. A family, race, or series of genera-
tions; a division of people, animals, or vege-
tables.
TRlB'LET, n. A goldsmith's tool for making
rings.
TRI-BOM'E-TER, n. An instrument for ascertain-
ing the degree of friction.
TRI'BRAH (-brak), n. A poetic foot of three
short syllables.
TRIB-tT-LA'TION", n. Great affliction; the dis-
tresses of life.
TRI-BU'NAL, n. Properly, the seat of a judge;
court cf justice.
TRlB'0-NA-EY, o. Pertaining to tribunes.
TRlB'CNE (trib'yune), n. In ancient Home, an
officer chosen by the people to protect them from
the oppressions of the nobles j a pulpit for a
speaker.
TRIB'CNE-SHIP, n. The office of a tribune.
TRIB-U-NI'TIAL (-u-nMi'al), o. Pertaining to or
suiting a tribune.
TRIB'C-TA-RI-NESS, n. State of being tributary.
TRIB'C-TA-RY, a. Subject to pay tribute; con-
tril>uting; paid in tribute.
TRlB'0-TA-RY, n. One who pays tribute.
TRlB'OTE (trib'yiite), n. A tax imposed on a con<
quered country j something contributed.
TRICE, n. A short time ; an instant ; a moment ;
v. t. to haul up by a small rope.
TRI-CN'NI-AL, o. Denoting thirty years.
TRl-HOT'0-MOtJS, cu Divided into threes.
TRICK, n. An artifice for the purpose of deception ;
a habit, as a bad trick ; a term in card-playing.
SYN. Stratagem ; wile j cheat ; imposture ; de-
ception ; imposition.
TRICK, v. t. To impose upon ; to cheat ; to deco-
rate or adorn ; v. i. to live by fraud.
TRlCK'ER-Y, n. The use of artifice ; the art of
dressing up. [ing.
TRICK'ISH, a. Knavishly artful ; given to cheat-
TRICK'ISH-NESS, n. Deception; practice of
cheating; the state of being deceitful.
TRICK'LE (triklsl), v. i. To flow or drop gently.
TRlCK'STER, n. A deceiver ; a cheat.
TRICK'SY, a. Full of tricks ; pretty ; neat.
TRl-eLlN'I-TJM, n. A couch to recline on at meals ;
a chamber furnished with such com
TRl'-eOL-OUR (-kul-ur), n. The national French
banner of blue, white, and red, adopted ut the
first revolution.
TRl-OR'PO-RAT,, a. Having three bodies.
TRl'DENT, n. A spear with three prongs ; the
sceptre of Neptune.
TRl'DENT, a. Having three teeth or prongs.
TRl-DENT'ATE, a. Having three teeth.
TRl-EN'JNI-AL, a. Lasting or continuing three
years ; happening every three
TRI-EN'NI-AL-LY, ad. Oiice in three years.
TRl'ER, n. One who tries or makes experiments.
TRI'F AL-LOW (-fal-lo), v. t. To plough a third
time before sowing.
TRI
484
TRI
I, ft, &c., long. i, i, &c., short. clns, Fin, LAST,
TRI'FID, o. Divided into three parts ; three-cleft.
TRI'FLE (trl'fl), n. A thing of little value or con-
sequence; a dish of sweetmeats and cake with
syllabub.
TEI'FLE, v. i. To act or talk with levity or tolly
v. t. to make of no importance.
TRI'FLEE, n. One who trifles.
TEI'FLING, o. Of little value or importance;
trivial.
TEI'FLING-LY, ad. Without importance.
TRI-FLO'EOUS, a. Bearing three flowers.
TEl-FCyLI-ATE, a. Having three leaves.
TRl'FOKM, o. Having a triple form.
TRIG, v. t. To stop or fasten a wheel.
TRlG'A-MY, n. The having of three consorts at
once, or being married three times.
TElG'GE ft, n. The catch of a wheel ; the part of
fire-arms which, when pulled, causes the flint to
strike the hammer, or the nipple in percussion
guns, to strike fire and discharge the piece.
TKl'GLYPH (trl'glyph), n. An ornament in the
frieze of the Doric columns.
TRI-GLYPH'I, o. Pertaining to triglyphs.
TRI' GO N, n. A triangle ; a term used in astrol-
ogy ; a kind of lyre.
TRlG'O-NAL, ) a. Triangular ; having three
TElG'O-NOUSj corners.
TEIG-O-NO-METEKJ-AL, a. According to trigo-
nometry.
TRIG-O-NOM'E-TEY, n. The science of determin-
ing the sides and angles of triangles.
TEI'GEAPH, n. Three letters sounded as one,
TEI-HE'DRAL, a. Having three equal sides.
TRI-H E'DRON, n. A figure of three equal sides.
TEU'Q-GOUS, a. Having three pairs of leaflets.
TRI-LAT'EE-AL, a. Having three sides.
TEl-LlTER-AL. a. Consisting of three letters ; n.
a word consisting of three letters.
TElLL, n. A quaver ; a shaking of the voice in
singing, or of the sound of an instrument.
TRILL, v. t. To utter with tremulpusness or qua-
vering of voice ; to make a quavering sound on an
instrument.
TEILL'ION, n. A million of millions of millions, or
a number represented by a unit and 48 ciphers in
Britain, and 12 in France ; 1,000,000*.
TRI-LO'BATE, o. Having three lobes.
TEl'-LO-BlTE, n. A three-lobed crustacean, cha-
racteristic of the Silurian system.
TEI-LOC'0-LAE, o. Haying three cells for seeds.
TRIM, a. Being firm or in good order; compact;
tight; neat; snug.
TRIM, v. t. In a general sense, to make right;
hence, to dress the body aright ; to cut the hair ;
to lop oft', as superfluous branches ; to prepare for
use, as to trim a lamp ; to balance a boat or ship ;
to rebuke.
TRIM, v. v To fluctuate between parties.
TElM, n. The state of dress, &c. ; the condition of
a vessel as to balance, &c.
TEI-MES'TEE, n. A period of three months.
TElM'E-TEE, n. A division of verse consisting of
three measures.
TEI-MET'EI-AL, a. Consisting of three poetic
measures.
TIUM'LY, ad. Nicely; sprucely; in good order.
TRlM'MEE, n. One who trims ; a piece of timber
in building ; a time-server.
TElM'MING, n. Ornamental appendages to a dress ;
trimmings ; appendages in general.
TRIM'NESS, n. The state of being close and in
good order; snugness; neatness.
TRt'iNAL, o. Threefold.
TElNE, o. Belonging to the number three ; three-
fold; n. an aspect of planets one hundred and
twenty degrees distant.
TRIN&'GLE (tring'gl), n. A little square ornament
in building, as a lintel, reglet, &c.
TEIN-I-TA'EI-AN, a. Pertaining to Trinity; n.
one who believes in the Trinity.
TElN'I-TY, n. The \inion of three persons (Father,
Son, and Holy Ghost), in one Godhead.
F4I,t,, \TH^T ; TH*RK, TiRM; MABIITE, BtRD ;
TRlNK'ET, n. A small ornament, as a jewel, 01
ring ; a thin? of little value.
TEI-NO'MI-AL, n. A root consisting of three
parts.
TKl'O or TEf'O, n; pi. Tul'oa. Three united; a
concert of three parts.
TRI'OR, | ft. In laic, a person appointed by the
TEl'ER, f court to examine whether the challenge
to a panel is iust or not.
TElP, v. i. To step lightly; to strike the foot
against something, so as to stumble or fall ; to
err ; to mistake.
TRIP, v. i. To supplant ; to cause to fall by strik-
ing the feet, with up; to loose an anchor from the
bottom by its cable.
TRIP, n. A stroke or catch by which an antagonist
is thrown ; a false step ; an error or mistake ; a
short journey. SYN. Stumble; failure; excursion.
TRlP'AR-TlTE, a. Divided into three parts
TEl-PAR-Tl"TION (-ttsh'un), n. A division by
three.
TEIPE, n. The entrails or stomach of an animal
prepared for food.
TRIPE -DAL, a. Having three feet.
TEl-PfiR'SON-AL, o. Consisting of three persona.
TEI-PER-SON-AL'I-TY, n. The state of existing
in three persons in one Godhead.
TEI-PET'AL-OUS, o. Having three petals.
TE1F-HAM-MER, n. A large hammer used in
forges.
TRIPHTHONG (trip'- or trff-), n. A coalition of
three vowels in a syllable or in one compound
sound.
TEIPH-THONO'GAL (trip- or trif-thSng'gal), o.
Pertaining to or consisting of a triphthong.
TElP'LE (trip'pl), a. Consisting of three united;
threefold.
TRlP'LE (trip'pl), v. t. To make threefold.
TElP'LET, n. Three verses in poetry that rhyme.
TElP'LI-GATE, a. Thrice as much ; threefold.
TRIP-LI-OA'TION, n. Act of trebling or making
threefold.
TEl-PLlC'I-TY, n. State of being threefold.
TRl'POD, n. A stool with three feet, on which
the priest and sibyls in ancient times were placed
to render oracles.
TRlP'O-LI, n. An infusorial rock used in polish-
ing, originally from Tripoli.
TiU'POS-PA'PER, n. A list of the successful
candidates for mathematical honours at Cambridya
TEIP'PER, n. One who walks nimbly or trips.
TEIP'PING, n. The act of making a false step;
the loosing of an anchor from the ground by its
cable or buoy-rope ; a. quick ; nimble.
TRlHTING-LY, ad. With light and hasty steps.
TElP'TOTE, n. A noun having only three cases.
TRI'EEME, n. A galley or vessel with three banks
of oars on each side.
TRIS-A'GI-ON (g hard), n. A hymn in which the
word holy is repeated three times.
TRl-SET', v. t. To cut into three equal parts.
TEI-SE'TION (-sek'shun), n. A division into
three parts.
TRIS-YL-LAB'I. \ o. Consisting of three
TEIS-YL-LAB'I-AL, / syllables.
TRlS'YL-LA-BLE, n. A word of three syllables.
TRITE, a. Worn or rubbed out ; used until all its
novelty and interest are lost ; stale.
TElTE'LY, ad. In a trite manner.
TRITE'NESS, n. Commonness; a state of being
worn out.
TRI'THE-ISM, n. The doctrine of three Gods.
TEl'THE-IST, n. One who believes that there are
three different Beings in the Godhead.
TEI-THE-IST'I, a. Pertaining to tritheism.
TEl'TON, n. A fabled marine demi-god ; a genus
of naked molluscs.
TRl'TONE, n. An interval of three tones in music.
TElT'C-EA-BLE, a. That may be triturated.
TElTO-RATE, v. t. To rub or grind to a fine
powder.
TEIT-0-EA'TION, n. Act of grinding to powder.
TRI
485
TRTT
DOVE, WOLF, BOOK ; nflLE, ByLL; vl"ciour. as x. i GaflJ; 8 as z ; CH as SH; *ins.
TRl'UMPH, u. A pompous ceremony for success;
victory ; conquest ; joy for success.
TRl'UMPH, v. t. To celebrate victory with pomp ;
to obtain victory; to insult upon an advantage
gained.
TRI-UMPII'AL, u. Used in celebrating victory;
n. a token of victory.
TRI-CMPH'A^T, a. Celebrating victory; victori-
ous.
TRl-CHPH'ANT-LY, ad. With triumph.
TRI'UMPH-EK, n. One who triumphs.
TRl-UM'VlR, n.; pi. TRI-LM'VI-BI or TIU-UM'VIBS.
One of three men united in the same office.
TRI-UM'VI-RAL, o. Pertaining to a triumvirate.
TRI-DM'VI-RATE, n. Government by three men.
TKl'CNE (tn'yuue), a. Three in one; an epithet
applied to God to express the unity of the God-
head in the trinity of persons.
TRI-U'NI-TY (-yu'ne-tyj, n. The union of three in
one.
TRIVET. See TREVET.
TRIV'I-AL, a. Of littlo importance; trifling;
small ; inconsiderable ; vulgar.
TRIV'I-AL-LY, ad. Jn a light and trifling man-
ner.
TRIV'I-AL-NESS, n. The quality of lightness ;
smallness.
IRIV'I-VM, n. [L.l A place where three ways
meet ; the three arts of grammar, rhetoric, and
logic.
TROAT, v. . To cry, as a buck.
TRO'AR, n. A surgical instrument used in tap-
ping dropsical persons and the like.
TR(J-HA'I, > a. In poetry, consisting of
TRO-HA'I-AL,; trochees.
TRO'!HE, n. A medicine formed of a cake, made
by mixing the medicine with sugar and mucilage.
TRO'GHEE (tro'ke), n. ; pi. TROCHEES. A poetic
foot of two syllables, the first long and the second
short.
TRO-HlLTeS (-kfl'iks), n. The science of rotary
motion.
TRO'-GHINGS (troTtingz), n. pi. Small curved
branches of a deer's horns.
TR()H'LE-A (trok'-), n. A pulley-like cartilage.
TROH'LE-A-RY (tr5k'-)> a. Pertaining to the
trochlea.
TROG'LO-DtTE, n. One who inhabits a cave.
TRO'JAN, n. An inhabitant of Troy ; a veteran.
TROLL, v. t. To roll ; to run about ; to fish by
drawing the hook through the water.
TROLL, v. t. To inove in a circular direction ; to
drive about ; to sing a catch.
TROL'LOP, n. A woman loosely dressed ; a slat-
tern; a stroller.
TROM'BONE, n. [It.] A deep-toned instrument of
the trumpet kind, composed of sliding tubes.
TROMP, n. A blowing machine, used iu furnaces.
TROOP, n. A body of soldiers ; a multitude.
TROOP, v. i. To collect in numbers ; to march in
a line or body.
TROOP'ER, n. A horse-soldier ; one of the ca-
valry.
TROPE, n. A figure of speech, as when a word is
used in a signification different from its proper
one, as a fox, for a cunning man.
TROTHIED (trO'fid), a. Adorned with trophies.
TROTHY, n. Among the ancients, a pile of arms
taken from a vanquished enemy; any memorial of
victory.
TROP'K), n. The line that bounds the sun's decli-
nation north or south from the equator.
TROPTG-AL, a. Being within or relating to the
tropics ; incident to the tropics ; figurative.
TROP'I-e-AL-LY, ad. In a figurative manner.
TROP-O-l>OG'I-AL, a. Varied by tropes.
TRO-POL'O-GY, n. A rhetorical mode of speech,
including tropes.
TRO 1', v. i. To move in a trot ; to walk fast.
TROT, n. The quick pace of a horse.
TKOTH, n. Truth ; faith ; fidelity. [Obs.l
TROT'lER, n. A trotting horse ; a sheep s foot.
TROV'BA-DOUR (troo'ba-door), n.
ly, a poet of Provence, in France.
Former-
TROUB'LE (triib'bl), v. t. Literally, to put in con-
fused motion, as by whirling about ; hence, to
give disturbance or distress ; to agitate ; to oc-
casion labour or inconvenience. SYN. To disturb ;
distress ; grieve ; afflict ; molest ; vex.
TROOB'LE (trub'bl), n. A state of disturbance;
affliction.
TROUB'LER (trub'bler), n. One who disturbs;
one who afflicts or molests.
TROUB'LE-SOME (trub'bl-sum), a. Producing
vexation ; teasing ; molesting ; giving inconveni-
ence. SYN. Uneasy; harassing; perplexing; an-
noying; wearisome; importunate.
TROOB'LE-SOME-LY (trub'bl-sum-ly), act. So as
to give trouble.
TROUB'LE-SOME-NESS (trWbl-sum-ness;, .
The quality of troubling or molesting; vexatious-
ness ; unseasonable intrusion.
TROUB'LOUS (trub'blus), a. Full of disorder;
afflictive; tumultuous.
TROUGH (trQf), n. A long hollow vessel.
TROUNCE, v. t. To beat severely ; to punish; to
harass.
TROUSE, n. A garment worn by children.
TROU'SERS. Sea TROWSERS.
TROUS-SEAU' (troo-so'), n. [Fr.] The lighter
equipments of a lady about to oe married.
TROUT, n. A delicate fish having coloured spots
on its body.
TRO'VER, n. An action for goods found ; the gain-
ing possession of goods.
TROW, v. i. To suppose or think.
TROWEL, n. A tool for laying bricks and stones
in mortar.
TKOW'SERS (trou'zerz), n. pi. The outer garment
worn by men, extending from the waist to the
feet, and covering each limb separately.
TROY'-WEIGHT (-wate), n. Twelve ounces to the
pound, used by jewellers.
TRU'ANT (31), a. Idle ; wandering from business,
TRU'ANT, n. An idle boy; an idiot.
TRUCE, n. Suspension of arms ; temporary peace.
TRCCE'-BREAK'ER (-bra'ker), n. One who vio-
lates a covenant.
TRU-Cl-DA'TION. n. The act of killing.
TRUCK, . t. or v. t. To put off or exchange com-
modities ; to barter.
fRCCK, n. Exchange of goods; barter; awheel;
a low carriage for carrying heavy goods.
TRUCK'-StS-TEM, n. The practice of paying wages
in goods, instead of money.
TliCCK'AGE, n. Conveyance in a truck; price
thereof; barter.
TRCCK'ER, TV. One that exchanges goods.
TROCK'LE (trttk'kl), n. A small wheel or caster.
TRCCK'LE (truk'kl),"r. t. To yield or bend obse-
quiously ; to submit with servility.
TROCK'LE-BED, \n. A bed that runs under an-
TRUN'DLE-BED, ]" other.
TRCCK'LING, n. Mean submission or compli-
ance.
TRC'U-LENCE (31), n. Savage ferocity; terri-
bleness of countenance.
TRU' J-LENT, a. Of fierce aspect or manners;
savage; ferocious.
TRClKjE, v. i. To travel on foot; to travel or
march with labour.
TRUE (31) (tru), a. Conformable to fact ; faithful;
free from falsehood ; honest; exact; conformabl,
to a rule or pattern.
TRUE-BLUE (tru'-blu), a. An epithet applied to
a person of inflexible honesty and fidelity.
TRUE'BOKN, a. Of genuine or right breed.
TRUE'-HEART-ED (tru'-hart-ed), a. Being of a
true or faithful heart ; honest; sincere.
TRUE-LOVE'KNOT (-luv'not), n. A knot compos-
ed of lines united in many involutions, an emblem
of interwoven affections.
TRUE' JS ESS, n. The certainty or exactness of any
thing.
TKU
486
TUM
I, fi, &c., long. I, i, &c., short ciRE, FAR, LAST
TRUE'-PEN-NY, n. A familiar phrase for an hon-
est fellow .
TRUF'FLE (tru'fl), n. A kind of mushroom grow-
ing underground, much esteemed in cookery.
TliU'ISM, n. An undoubted but unimportant truth.
TRULL, n. A low, vagrant, lewd woman.
TRUL-LI-ZA'TION, . The laying of strata of
plaster with a trowel.
TliC'LY (31), ad. In fact or reality; certainly;
exactly.
TROMP, n. A wind instrument of music; a win-
ning card ; hence, something excellent.
TRUMP, v. t. or v. i. To take with a trump ; to
blow.
TRUMP'ER-Y, n. Trifling, empty talk; useless
matter.
TRUM'PET, n. A wind instrument of music ; an
instrument for conveying or receiving sounds
with increased force, as a speaking-trumpet, an
ear-trumpet.
TRUM'PET, v. t. To sound a trumpet; to proclaim
abroad.
TRUM'PET-ER, n. One who sounds a trumpet;
one who proclaims, publishes, or denounces.
TRUNG'AL, a. Pertaining to the trunk.
?RUN'A T TED,} a - Cut short off; maimed.
TRUN-A'TION, n. The act of cutting off.
TRUN'CHEON (trun'shun), n. A staff of command ;
a club ; a lopped stem.
TRUN 7 'CHEON, v, t. To beat with a truncheon.
TRUN'DLE, v. i. To roll on little wheels ; v. t. to
roll, as a thing on little wheels.
TRUN'DLE, n. A round body or little wheel.
TRUN'DLE-BED, n. A bed on trundles.
TRUNK, n. The stem of a tree; the body of an
animal without the limbs ; the proboscis of an
elephant ; a long tube ; a box covered with skin
or leather, used to contain clothing, &c.
TRUNK'-HOSE, n. Large breeches formerly worn.
TRUN'NEL, n. A tree-nail ; a long wooden pin.
TRUNN'ION (trun'yun), n. A knob on each side of
a cannon which supports it on its carriage.
TRU'SION (31) (tru'zhun), n. Act of thrusting or
pushing.
TRUSS, n. In general, a bundle, as a truss of hay ;
in surgery, an instrument used in cases of rup-
ture ; in navigation, a rope to pull a lower yard
close to its mast, and retain it firmly in that po-
sition.
TRUSS, v. t. To pack or bind close ; to skewer.
TRUST, n. Reliance on the integrity, justice, &c.,
of another. SYN. Confidence; faith; credit;
charge; care.
TRUST, v. t. To confide in; to believe ; to commit
to the care of; to give credit to ; to rely on.
TRUST, v. i. To be confident of something, pre-
sent or future ; to be credulous.
TRUST-EE', n. A person to whom any business is
committed; a person to whom is confided the
management of an institution.
TRUSTFUL, a. That can be trusted ; faithful.
TRUST'I-LY, ad. With fidelity ; honestly.
TRUST'I-NESS, n. The quality of fidelity; hon-
esty; integrity.
TRUST'LESS, a. Not worthy of trust.
TRUSTTf, a. Worthy of trust or confidence;
faithful; that will not fail.
TRUTH (31), n. Conformity to fact; veracity;
certainty. Plural truths, not truths ; see 76.
TRUTH'FUL, a. Full of truth.
TRUTH'FUL-LY, ad. In a truthful manner.
TRUTH'FUL-NESS, n. The state of being true.
TRUTH'LESS, a. Destitute of truth ; faithless.
TRY, v. t. To make experiment ; to have know-
ledge by proof ; to examine judicially ; to refine,
as silver ; to use ; to strain, as the eyes ; v. i.
to exert strength. SYN. To attempt. To try is
the generic, to attempt is the specific term. We
may be indifferent as to the result of a trial, but
we never attempt any thing without a desire to
succeed.
FALL, WHAT ; THfiRE, TJSRM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
TRY'SAIL, n. A fore-and-aft sail on a small must
abaft the lower mast.
TRYST, n. An appointed meeting; a place for
such meeting ; rendezvous ; market ; v. i. to
agree to meet.
TUB, n. A wooden vessel for washing, &c.
TUBE (28), n. A pipe ; a long, hollow vessel.
TU'BEK, n. A thickened part of a subterraneous
stem, having buds, as the potato.
TU'BER-!LE (tu'ber-kl), n. A small swelling or
tumour.
TU-BER'U-LAR, a. Full of knobs or pimples.
TUBE'ROSE or TU'BER-OSE, n. A plant with a
tuberous root and a liliaceous flower.
TU'BER-OUS, a. Full of knobs or pimples.
TU'BI-PORE, n. A genus of coral zoophytes;
organ-pipe coral.
TU'BU-LAR, a. Consisting of a pipe ; fistular.
TU'BU-LAR-BRlDGE, n. A bridge formed of a
great tube, composed of iron plates, through
which the roadway passes.
TU'BU-LA-TED, ) a. Made in the form of a small
TU'BU-LOUS, / tube.
TU'BULE, n. A small tube.
TU'BU-LI-FORM, a. Having the form of a tube.
TUCK, n. A long, narrow sword ; a fold in dress.
TUCK, v. t. To thrust under, or press in or to-
gether; to fold under; to enclose by pushing
close around.
TUCK'ER, n. An article of female clothing, worn
on the breast.
TUCK'ET, n. A flourish in music ; a prelude.
TUESDAY (tuze'da), n. The third day of the
week.
TU'FA, n. A porous stony substance composed of
cemented scorite ; any vesicular compound.
TUF-FOON', See TYPHOON.
TUFT, n. A cluster of trees, grass, hair, &c.
TUFT, v. t. To plant and adorn with tufts.
TUFT'-HUNT-EK, n. A hanger-on to persons of
quality ; a parasite.
TUFT'Y, a. Growing in tufts or clusters.
TUG, v. i. To pull or draw with labour ; to pull or
draw with great effort.
TUG, n. A pulling with force; a sort of carriage}
part of a harness ; a steam-vessel to tow ships.
TUG'GER, n. One who tugs or pulls with great ef-
fort.
TU-I"TION (tu-teh'un), n. Guardianship of a young
person; instruction; price of teaching.
TU-FTION-A-RY (-ish'un-a-ry), a. Relating to tui-
tion.
TU'LIP, n. A plant and beautiful flower.
TULLE, n. A thin silk lace ; blonde.
TUM'BLE, v. i. To roll about by turning one way
and the other ; to fall suddenly and violently ;
to play mountebank tricks by movements of the
body.
TOM'BLE, v. t. To turn over; to turner throw
about for examination ; to disturb.
TUM'BLE, 7i. A fall ; a fall with rolling.
TUM'BLER, n. One who tumbles; a drinking,
glass ; a variety of the domestic pigeon ; a dog.
TCM'BREL, n. A ducking-stool ; a cart; a mili-
tary waggon.
TUM'BRIL, n. A kind of basket or cage of osiers.
TU-ME-FA-6'TION, n. The act or process of swel-
TU'ME-FY, v. t. or v. i. To swell ; to puff up.
TU-MES'CENCE, n. A swelling.
TU'MID, a. Being swelled or distended ; pompous
SYN. Puffy; turgid ; bombastic.
TU 'MID-NESS, n. A state of being swelled.
TQ MOUR, n. A swelling or morbid enlai'gemeut
of any part of the body ; affected pomp.
TU'MOR-OUS, a. Swelling ; protuberant.
TOMP, n. A little hillock.
TUMP, v. t. To form a mass of earth round a
plant.
TC'MU-LAR, a. Consisting of a heap.
TtT'MU-LOUS, a. Full of hillocks ; consisting of a
heap ; formed in a heap or hillock.
TUM
487
TWA
D6vE, WOLF, BOOK; BtJLE, BFI,L; vF'cious. -c as K ; 6 as J ; i as z ; CH as SH ; IHIS.
TtJ'MULT, n. The commotion or agitation of.
multitude, usually accompanied by much noise o
voices; high excitement. STN. Uproar; disturb
ance ; disorder ; confusion ; hubbub.
TU-MOLT'0-A-RI-LY, ad. With tumult.
TU-MOLTO-A-EY, o. Confused; disorderly
noisy.
TU-MCLTtT-OUS (tu-miilt'yn-us), a. Conducte<
with tumult; greatly agitated. STN. Disorderly
irregular ; turbulent ; noisy ; lawless.
TU-MCLT'C-OUS-LY, ad. With tumult ; in a dis
orderly manner.
TU-MOLT'O-OUS-NESS, n. A state of disorder
commotion.
TITMU-LUS, n. ; pi. TU'MU-L!. [L.] An artificial
hillock or mound of earth ; a barrow.
TON, n. A large cask ; a measure of liquids. For
other senses, see TON.
TON, v. t. To put in a cask.
TON'A-BLE, a. That may be put in tune ; musical
TON'A-BLE-NESS, n. The state or quality o
harmony ; melodiousness.
TON'A-BLY, ad. In a harmonious manner ; me-
lodiously.
TONE (28), n. A series of musical notes; har
mony ; the state of giving the proper sounds, as
when we say an instrument is in tune ; proper
state for use or application.
TONE, v. t. To put in a state for music ; to sing;
r. i. to form one sound to another.
TONE'FITL, a. Being harmonious ; melodious.
TONE'LESS, a. Destitute of harmony.
TON'ER, n. One who tunes instruments.
TO'NI, n. A long garment ; a waistcoat ; a mem-
brane ; a covering.
TO'NI-LE, n. A natural cover; a case; thin
skin.
TON'ING, n. The act of tuning.
TON'NAGE. See TONNAGE.
TON'NEL, n. A vessel with a broad mouth for
conveying liquors into other vessels ; a passage
or subterraneous arch through a hill.
TON'NEL, v. t. To form like a tunnel.
TOP, n. Aram.
TOR'BAN, n. A head-dress worn in the East; a
lady's head-dress.
TOR'BA-EY, n. Aright of digging turf on another's
land ; a place where turf is dug.
TOE'BID, a. Properly, having the lees disturbed;
foul with extraneous matter ; muddy ; thick.
TCE'BID-NESS, n. The state of being muddy or
thick.
> a. Spiral ; wreathed conically
TCR'BI-NA-TED, f from the base to an apex.
TUR-BI-NA'TION, n. The act of spinning or
whirling, as a top.
TCR'BOT, n. A flat fish, eaten as delicate food.
TOE BU-LENCE, n. A disturbed state of things.
STN. Disorder; tumult; agitation; unruli-
ness:
TOfi'BTJ-LENT, a. Being in a violent commotion ;
producing commotion. STN. Disturbed; agi-
tated; tumultuous; riotous.
TOE'BU-LENT-LY, ad. In a disorderly manner ;
tumultuously.
TU-EEEN', n. A vessel for holding soup.
TOEF, n. The upper stratum of earth filled with
roots; sod; peat.
TORF, v. t. To cover with turf or green sod.
TUEF'I-NESS, n. A state of abounding with turf.
TURFTT, a. Full of turf ; like turf.
TOR'GENT, a. Rising into a puffy state ; swelled.
TUE-GES'CENCE, \ n. State ot being swelled;
KS'CEN-CY,) inflation; bombast.
TUR'GlD, a. Distended beyond its natural state ;
swelling in style or language. SYN. Bloated ;
tumid; pompous; bombastic.
!D'I-TY, ). Swelled state of a thing;
ID-NESS,.) pompousness: inflated man-
ner of writing or speaking ; boml
TUR'KEY, n. ; pi. TLU'KEYS. A larire fowl, a na-
tive of America, which furnishes delicious food.
TOR/KEY, o. Of or from Turkey; n. the do-
minions of the Grand Seignior.
TORK'ISH, a. Pertaining to Turkey.
TUR-KOIS' (tur-koiz' or tur-keez'), n. A beautiful
mineral of a bluish-green colour, used in jewelry.
TCR'MER-I, n. Indian saffron, used as a medi-
cine and for dyeing.
TOR'MOIL, n. Great stir ; trouble ; disturbance.
TCR'MOIL, v. t. or v. i. To harass with commo-
tion; to be disquieted.
TORN, v. t. To change or shift sides ; to change
the state of a balance ; to form ; to transform ; to
agitate in the mind; to cause to turn round; to
alter.
TORN, v. i. To move round; to have a circular
motion; to change sides; to become acid; to re-
nt.
T0RN,
n. Act of moving round ; change ; pur-
pose.
TOEN'-OAT, n. One who changes sides.
TCRN'EE, n. One who turns or uses a lathe.
TOEN'EE-Y, n. The act or art of forming by a
lathe.
TOENTNG, n. A winding ; a bending course ; de-
viation from the proper course; curdling.
TOE'NIP, n. A bulbous root much used for food.
TOEN'KEY (-kee), n. One who has the care of the
keys of a prison.
TtTRN'-OUT, n. The place in a railway where car-
riages turn off from one track to another ; an equi-
TOEN'PIKE, n. Strictly, a revolving frame on the
top of a post admitting the passage of persons,
but preventing that of beasts ; hence, a toll-gate
or gate set across a road ; a road on which are
turnpikes.
TORN'PIKE, v. t. To form or erect a turnpike.
TOEN'PIKE-EOAD (-rode), n. A road on which
turnpikes or toll-gates are established by law.
TOEN'SPIT, n. One who turns a spit.
TOEN'-STILE. n. A turnpike in a foot-path.
TOR'PEN-TINE, n. A transparent resinous sub-
stance flowing from pine, fir, and other trees.
TtTR'PI-TODE, n. Inherent baseness or vileness of
principle in the human heart ; depravity.
TOR'REL, n. A cooper's tool.
TOR'EET, n. A small tower on a building.
TOE'RET-TED, a. Furnished with a turret.
TORTLE, n. A dove or pigeon ; the edible marine
tortoise.
TCRTLE-DOVE, n. A dove or pigeon.
TOS'AN, a. Noting an order of architecture ; n.
an order of columns.
TOSH. An exclamation indicating rebuke or con-
tempt.
TCSK, n. A long, pointed tooth of a beast.
TCSKED (tuskt), } a. Having tusks ; furnished
TOSK'Y, j with tusks.
TOSST-LAGE, ) n. The herb coltsfoot, beneficial
TCSS-I-LA'GO, / in coughs.
lOs'SLE (ttts'si;, n. A struggle; a conflict. See
TOUSE.
TUT. An exclamation used for checking or rebuk-
n. Guardianship of a person or
ing.
TO'TE-LAGE,
thing; care; protection.
TC'TE-LAR, | a. Guarding; having the charge
rO'TE-LA-RY, ) of protecting a person or thing.
TO'TOR, n. One who instructs ; a preceptor.
TO'TOR, v. t. To have the charge of a child; to
instruct ; to discipline.
TC'TOR-AGE, n. In the civil law, guardianship;
the charge of a pupil and his estate.
"O'TOE-ESS, ?i. A female instructor; a governess.
?U-TO'RI-AL, a. belonging to or exercised by a
tutor or instructor.
UTTI (toot to), n. [It.] In music, a direction for
all to play in full concert.
WAD'ULE (twod'dl), n. Weak and silly talk;
v. i. to use weak, foolish talk.
TWAIN, a. or n. Two.
TWANG, v. t. To sound with a quick, share noise.
TWA
I, fi. &c. t long. It , &c., short. C!BE, TAB, LAST,
TWANG, w. f. To snake to sound by pulling
tense string and letting it go suddenly.
TWANG, n. A quick, sharp sound.
T WATTLE (twSt'tl), v. i. To talk much and idly
to gabble ; to chatter.
TWAY'-BLADE, n. A plant.
TWEAK, \ v. t. To twitch ; to pinch and pull with
TWEAG.f a sudden jerk; n. pinch; perplexity;
a pinching condition.
TWEE'DLE, v. t. To handle lightly.
TWEEDS, n. pi. Cotton or woollen goods of a
light fabric.
TWEEL. Sea TWILL.
TWEE'ZERS, n. pi. Nippers to pull out hairs.
TWELFTH, o. The ordinal of twelve.
TWELFTH -DAY, n. Epiphany, or twelfth day
after Christmas.
TWELVE, a. Noting the sum of two and ten.
TWELVE'-MONTH (-munth), n. A year, which
consists of twelve calendar months.
TWELVE'-PENCE, n. A shilling. Ring.
TWLVE'-PEN-NY t o. Sold or valued at a sb.il-
TWELVE'-SORE. a. Twelve times twenty.
TWEN'TI-ETH, o. The ordinal of twenty.
TWEN'TY, o. Noting the sum of twice ten ; pro-
verbially, an indefinite number.
TWEN'TY-FOLD, o. Twenty times as many.
TWl'BIL, n. A kind of mattock and a halberd.
TWICE, ad. Two times; doubly.
TWI'FAL-LOW (-fal-16), v. t. To plough a second
time.
TWIG, n. A small shoot of a tree or plant.
TWIG'GEN, o. Made of twigs; wicker.
TWIG'GY, a. Abounding with twigs.
TWI'LIGKT (-lite), n. The faint light after sunset
and before sunrise ; uncertain view.
TWI'LlGUT.o. Obscure; imperfectly illuminated;
shaded ; seen or done by twilight.
TWlLL, v. t. To weave in such a manner as to
make diagonal ridges in the cloth; formerly writ-
ten quilL
TWILLS, n. pi. Twilled cloth.
TWIN, n. One of two born together ; a sign of the
zodiac.
TWIN, a, Noting one of two born at a birth ; very
much resembling.
TWIN'-BORN, a. Born at the same birth.
TWINE, v. t. To twist together ; to unite closely ;
to embrace.
TWIN E, v. . To unite closely ; to wind or bend.
TWINE, n. Strong thread; a twist; close em-
brace.
TWINGE, v. t. To affect with sharp, sudden pain ;
to pinch.
TWINGE, v. . To feel keen, darting pains.
TWlNGE, n. A sudden, sharp pain ; a pinch.
TWlNK'LE (twlnk'kl), v. t. To flash at intervals ;
to open and shut the eyes rapidly.
TWlNK'LE (twlnk'kl), ") n. A shining with inter-
TWINK'LING, 5 mitted light ; a motion
of the eye; an instant; a moment; the time of a
wink.
TWlN'LING, n. A twin lamb.
'1 WINNED, a. Produced at one birth.
T WtRL, v. t. To move or whirl round.
TWiRL, v. t. To revolve with velocity.
TWiRL, n. A quick turn or circular motion.
TWIST, t>. t. To wind, as one thread round ano-
ther ; to contort ; to wreathe ; to form.
TWIST, v. i. To be contorted or united by winding
round each other.
TWIST, n. A cord, thread, or any thing flexible,
made by winding strands round each other ; a con-
tortion ; manner of twisting.
TWlST'ER, n. One who twists ; the instrument of
twisting.
TWlT, v. t. Literally, to throw in one's face; to
reproach or upbraid.
TWITCH, r. i. To pull suddenly ; to snatch.
TWITCH, n. A sudden pull ; a twinge.
TWlT'TER, v. t. To make a succession of small,
tremulous, intermitted notes, as a swallow ; to
488 U
TALL, WHAT; TH^BE, TERM ; MUllNE, BiBDj
have a short, spasmodic contraction of th
muscles.
TWlT'TER, n. A small, intermitted noise ; a spas-
modic contraction of the muscles.
TWIXT, prep. Betwixt or between.
TWO (too), a. One and one.
TWO'-EDGED (too'-gjd), o. Having an edge on
both sides.
TWO'FOLD, o. Two of the kind ; double; ad. in a
double degree.
TWO'-HAND-ED, o. Having two hands; hence,
strong ; stout.
TWO'PENCE (too'pence or tup/pence), . A small
coin, two pennies in value. [Not now in uw.T
TY'OON, n. A Japanese ruler.
T"t>'Ti E .
TYKE, n. A dog, or one as contemptible as a dog.
TYM'BAL, n. A kind of kettle-drum.
TYM'PAN, n. A printer's frame for the sheets to
be printed.
T YM'PA-NUM, n. The drum of the ear.
TYM'PA-NY, n. A flatulent distension of the
belly.
TYPE, n. The mark or representation of some-
thing; a characteristic; a printing letter.
TYPE'-MET-AL (-mfit-tl), n. A compound of lead
and antimony, used in making types.
T Y'PHOID, a. Resembling typhus fever ; n. a fever
resembling typhus.
TY-PHOON', n. The name given to a violent hur-
ricane in the Chinese seas.
TY'PHUS, n. A fever characterized by great de-
bility.
TYP'IO, ) a. Representing something by a
TYP'I-AL,r symbol, form, &c. ; emblematical;
figurative.
TYP'I-AL-LY, ad. In a figurative manner.
T YPTG-AL-NESS, n. The state of being typical.
TYP'I-FY, v. t. To represent by an image or em-
blem.
TY-POG'RA-PHER, n. A printer.
TY-PO-GRAPH'I, la. Pertaining to types or
TY-PO-GRAPH'I-AL, ) to printing.
T Y-PO-GRAPH'I-AL-LY, ad. By means of types ;
after the manner of printers; emblematically;
figuratively.
TY-POG'RA-PHY, n. The art of printing.
TYR'AN-NESS, n. A female tyrant.
TY-RAN'NLC, \a. Pertaining to or noting a
TY-RAN'NI-AL, j tyrant; unjustly severe in
government ; arbitrary ; cruel ; despotic.
TY-RAN'NI-AL-LY, ad. In a tyrannical manner.
TY-RAN'NI-CIDE, n. The killing or killer of a
tyrant.
TYR'AN-NlZE, v. t. To exercise despotic or cruel
_power ; to rule with oppression.
TYR'AN-NOUS, a. Unjustly severe j cruei ; arbi-
trary ; despotic.
TYR'AN-NY, n. Arbitrary or cruel exercise of
power ; unresisted and despotic power.
TY'RANT, n. A ruler who uses power to oppress
his subjects ; a cruel master ; an oppressor.
TYRE, v. t. To prey upon.
TYR'I-AN, a. Pertaining to ancient Tyre ; being
of a purple colour.
TY'RO, n. Literally, one who tugs or pulls hard ;
hence, one who tugs in the rudiments of any
study ; a beginner ; a novice ; a person imper-
fectly acquainted with a subject.
TYTHE. See TITHE.
TZAR (zar), n. The Emperor of Russia ; Czar.
TZAR-I'NA (za re'na), n. Empress of Russia.
U.
Uis the twenty-first letter, and the fifth vowel of
the English alphabet, and it began to be distin-
guished from V at the beginning of the 16th cen-
tury. It has one sound called the diphthongal,
or long, as inmut; another, called the ehort
UBI
489
UNA
DOTH, WQLV, B90K; B0LB, ByLL ; VICIOUS.
sound, as in run ; and it has a third sound, equiva-
lent to the Italian u, or French ou, shortened, as
in bull.
C-BI'E-TY, n. The state of being in a place.
C-BlQ UI-TA-RY, o. Existing every where.
0-B1QUI-TY (yu-blk'we-ty), n. Existence every
where at once ; omniprescence.
C-BlQ'UI-TOCS, a. Existing or being every where,
or in all places at the same time ; omnipresent.
ODDER, n. The glandular organ of female mam-
mals, in which milk is secreted.
0-DOM'E-TER, n. An instrument to measure the
quantity of water falling in rain.
OG'LI-LY, ad. With deformity ; vilely.
OG'LI-NESS, n. Deformity ; want of beauty ; tur-
pitude of mind.
0G'LY, a. Offensive to the sight ; not handsome ;
deformed.
O'KASE, n. In Russia, a royal order having the
force of law.
UL'CER, n. A continuous sore that discharges
pus, &c. ^ulcerous.
tFL'CER-ATE, v. \. or v. t. To become or make
UL-CER-ATION, n. The forming of an ulcer.
OL'CER-OUS, a. Afflicted with ulcers.
OL'CER-OUS-NESS, n. State of being ulcerous.
0-LE'aiA, n. In Turkey, a body composed of the
jmans, or ministers of religion, the muftis, or
doctors of law, and the cadis, or administrators
of justice ; a member of this body.
0-LlG'I-NOUS, a. Being slimy; soft; muddy.
OL'LACE, n. That which a cask wants of being
full
OL'NAR, a. Pertaining to the ulna or cubit.
UL-T'RI-OR, a. Further ; lying beyond.
CL'TI-MATE, a M ost remote ; last in a train of
consequences; concluding ; filial, which see.
CLTI-MA TE-LY, ad. Finally ; at last.
UL'T[-MA THU'LE. [L.] See THULB.
UL-TI-MA'TUM, n. ; pi UL-TI-HA.'TA. In diplomacy,
the final proposition.
UL'TL-M.0, n. t-L] The month preceding the pre-
sent, as on the first ultimo or ult.
UL'TBA. [L.] Beyond; hence, extreme, as vllra
principles or measures.
OL'TRA-ISM, n. The principles of men who advo-
cate extreme measures.
CLTIiA-IST, n. One who pushes a principle or
measure to extremes.
UL-TRA-MA-R1NE' (-ma-rcen'), n. A beautiful
blue colour ; a. beyond the sea.
UL-TRA-MON TANE, a. Beyond the mountains.
Ultramontane doctrines are extreme views of the
pope's rights and supremacy.
UL-TRA-MCN'DANE, a. Beyond the world.
CL'0-LATE, v. t. To howl as a dog or wolf.
UL-0-LA'T1ON, n. A howling like a wolf.
OM'BEL, n. A mode of flowering, consisting of
stalks growing from a common centre about the
same height, as in the carrot-top.
OM'BEL-LAR, a. Having the form of an umbel.
CM'BEL-LATE, a. Consisting of an umbel.
UM-BKL-Lli R-OUS, a. Bearing umbels.
CM'BER, n. An ochreous ore of iron, used as a
paint, of a dark brown colour.
UM-BlL'ie, n. A conical depression at the base of
a univalve shell ; the ravel ; the centre.
UM-B1 L/I-AL, a. Belonging to the navel
OM'BLES (uin'blz), n. pi. The entrails of a deer.
UM'BO, n. [L.] The boss of a shield.
OM'BRAGE, 71. Literally, a shade ; hence, shadow j
suspicion of injury ; resentment or offence, as
to take umbrage.
UM-BRA'UEOUS (um-bra'jus), a. Forming or not-
ing shade ; shady.
UM-BR A'GEOUS NESS, n. The state or quality of
Bhadiuess.
UM-BliL'LA, n. ; pi. UK-BR^I/LAS. A screen or
shade, extended on slender rods radiating from
the end of a stalk, carried in the hand for shelt-
ering the person from rain or heat.
UM-BRIF'EH- OUS, a. Casting or malting a shade.
as K ; 6 as J ; s ag z ; CH as sn; IHIS.
OM'PI-RAGE, n. The decision of an umpire or an
authority to decide.
O.M/PIRE, n. One to whose sole decision a ques-
tion is referred ; a judge, which see.
ON, a prefix, gives to words a negative sense, and
is prefixed to participles and adjectives almost at
pleasure. As most of these compounds, however,
explain themselves, it is not necessary to insert
them extensively.
UN-A-BASHED' (-bashf), a. Not abashed or
ashamed.
UN-A-bAT'ED, a. Not abated or reduced ; not di-
minished in strength or violence.
UN-A'BLE. a. Not having power or means ; not
having adequate knowledge or skill.
UN-A-BRIDC.ED' (-brfdjd'), a. Not abridged or
shortened.
UN-A-CENT'ED, a. Not accented.
UN-A-Cr T 'A-BLE, a. Not acceptable ; not wel-
come.
UN-A-CEPT'ED, a. Not accepted or received.
UN-A-OM'MO-DA-TED, a. Not suited; notfur-
nished with external conveniences.
UN-Ae-eOM'PA-NLED (-ak-ktim'pa-nid), o. Hav-
ing no attendants or companions.
UN-A-OMVLISHD (-koinplisht), a. Not fin-
ished or executed ; not refined in manners.
UN-A-OUNT'A-BLE, a. Not to be explained;
not subject to control ; not responsible.
UN-A-OUNT'A-BLY, ad. So as not to be ex-
plained.
UN-A-OS'T6MED (-kus'tumd), a. Not accus-
tomed; new; not made familiar.
UX-At'-KNOWL'LDGED (-nol'lejd), a. Not con-
fes-^ed.
UN-AC-QUAINT'ED, a. Not acquainted; not
having familiar knowledge.
UN-AGT'ED, a. Not performed or executed.
UN-A-DAPTED, a. Not adapted or suited.
UN-A-DORNED' (-dornd'), a. Not ornamented.
UN-A-DOL' I'ER-A-TED, a. Not adulterated; pure.
UN-AD-VIS' A-BLE, a. Not expedient; not pru-
dent.
UN -AD- VISED' (-vizd'), a. Not advised; indis-
creet ; done without due consideration.
UN-AD-VlS'ED-LY, ad. "Without consideration
UN-AD-VIS'EI>-NESS, n. Imprudence; rashness.
UN-AF-FfiT'ED, a. Not affected ; natural ; real ;
unmoved; not having the passions or affections
touched.
UN-AF-FfiT'ED-LY, ad. In sincerity; without
disguise.
UN-AID'ED, a. Not assisted ; not aided.
UN-AL-LLED 7 (-al-lide'), a. Having no alliance;
having no powerful relation.
UN-AL-LOW'A-BLE, a. Not to be allowed.
UN-AL-LOYED' (-al-loyd'), a. Not alloyed or
mixed ; not reduced by foreign mixture.
UN-AL'TER- A-BLE, a. That can not be altered;
unchangeable ; immutable.
UN-AL'TER-A-BLY, ad. Not to be altered; un-
changeably.
UN-AM-BlG'0-OUS, a. Not ambiguous ; clear.
UN-A'MI-A-BLE, a. Not conciliating love.
UN- AN'I- MA-TED, a; Not animated ; spiritless.
C-NA-N1M'I-TY, n. Agreement of a number oi
persons in opinion or determination.
0-NANI-MOUS (yu-nau'-), a. Being of one mind ;
formed by unanimity.
0-NAN'I-MOUS-LY, ad. With entire agreement.
UN-AN-NOUNCED' (un-an'^ounsf), o. Not an-
nounced or proclaimed.
UN-AN'S WE l< -A-BLE, a. Not to be answered
satisfactorily ; not capable of refutation.
UN-AN'SWER-A-BLY, ad. Beyond refutation.
UN-AN'SWERED (-an'serd), a. Not answered ; not
replied to ; not suitably returned.
UN-AP-PALLED 7 (-ap-pawld'), a. Not daunted or
dismayed.
UN-AP-PRE'CIA-TED, a. Not duly estimated.
UN-AP-PKOACH'A-BLE, a. Not to be approach* d
UN-AP-PKO'PRI-A-TED, a. Not appropriated ; not
UNA
490
UNO
I, &c., lony. I, E, &c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST
applied or directed to be applied to any specifi
object.
UN -APT', o. Not ready; not qualified; not dis
posed; unsuitable.
UN-APT'LY, ad. In an unsuitable manner; un
fitly ; improperly.
UN-APT'NESS, n. Want of quick apprehension
disqualification.
UN-ARMED' (-armd'), a. Not being armed; de
fenceless.
UN-ASKED' (-askf), a. Not asked or requested
unsolicited ; not sought by entreaty or care.
UN-AS-PlR'ING, a. Not ambitious.
UN-AS-SAIL'A-BLE, a. That can not be assailed
impregnable.
UN-AS-SIGN'A-BLE (-as-sln'a-bl) , a. That can not
be transferred by assignment or indorsement.
UN-AS-SlST'ED, a. Not aided or assisted; help
less.
UN-AS-SORT'ED, a. Not distributed into sorts.
UN-AS-SDM'ING, a. Not assuming ; modest ; not
making lofty pretensions ; not arrogant.
UN-A TON.E'D' (-tond'), a. Not expiated.
UN-AT-TACHED' (-at-tachf). a. Not attached
not adhering ; having no fixed interest ; not
united by affection.
UN-AT-TAIN'A-BLE, a. Not to be obtained.
UN-AT-TEMPT'ED, a. Not attempted ; not tried.
UN-AT-TEND'ED, a. Having no company or re-
tinue ; not having the care of a physician.
UN-AT-TEST'ED, a. Not attested ; not affirmed.
UN-AT-TRAT'1VE, a. Not attractive.
UN-AUTHORIZED (-Izd), a. Not warranted by
proper authority ; not duly commissioned.
UN-A-VAIL'A-BLE, a. Not available ; not having
sufficient power to produce the intended effect.
UN-A-VAIL'ING, o. Not having the desired ef-
fect, STN. Ineffectual ; useless ; vain.
UN-A-VOID'A-BLE, a. That can not be shunned ;
inevitable.
UN-A-VOID'A-BLY, ad. In a manner that pre-
vents failure or escape ; inevitably.
UN-A-WARE', a. Without thought; inattentive.
UN- A- WAKES', ad. Without being anticipated or
designed; suddenly.
UN-AWED', a. Undaunted ; having no fear.
UN-BAL'ANCED (-bal'anst), a. Not balanced or
poised; not settled; not restrained by equal
power.
UN-BAL'LAST, v. t. To free from ballast.
UN-BAR', v. t To loose from a bar ; to unfasten.
UN-BAT'ED, a. Unrepressed ; not blunted.
UN-BEAR'A-BLE, a. Not to be borne or endured.
UN-BE-eOM'ING (-kum'ing), a. Improper for the
person or character ; indecorous; unsuitable.
UN-BE-eOM'ING-LY, ad. In an improper man-
ner.
UN-BE-FlT'TING, a. Unsuitable ; unbecoming.
UN-BE-LIEF', n. Incredulity; the withholding
of belief. See DISBELIEF.
UN-BE-LIEV'ER (-leev'er), n. One incredulous;
an infidel, which see.
UN-BE-LIEV'ING, a. Not believing ; infidel.
UN-BEND', v. t. To relax or slacken ; to remit
from a strain of exertion ; to set at ease for a
time; to relax effeminately ; in seamanship, to
take the sails from their yards and stays.
UN-BEND'ING, a. Not suffering flexure ; unyield-
ing; inflexible; n. the act of relaxation.
UN-Bl'ASED (-bi'ast), a. Free from undue partia-
lity ; unprejudiced ; free from bias.
UN-BID', \a. Not bid ; not invited ; not re-
UN-BID'DEN, $ quested to attend.
UN-BIT', v. t. To take bits from the mouth of; to
unbridle.
UN-BLAM'A-BLE, a. Not blamable or culpable.
UN-BLEM'ISIIED (-blem'isht), a. Free from ble-
mish or stain.
UN-BLEST', a. Not blessed; unhappy; wretched;
excluded from benediction.
UN-BLDSH'ING, a. Destitute of shame.
UN-BLCSH'ING-LY, ad. With impudence.
FALL, WHAT; THERE, THEM; MARINE, B!BD ; MOYB,
S'S2^ TT L > a " Not boastful; unassuming
UN-BOLT', v. t. To loose from fastening by a bolt
r-HOLT;.EL>, a . Not fastened ; not sifted. '
UN-BO'SOM (-boo'zom), v. t. To disclose freelv
Orfeelin s ' to Ia 7 open ii
', a. Not purchased.
UN-BOUND', a. Not bound; loose; wanting a
UN-BOUND'ED, a. Having no bounds or limits-
having no check or control ; unlimited
UN-BOW (un-bo'), v. t. To unbend
UN-BRED', a. Not well bred; rude ; not polished
in manners ; ill educated ; not taught
UN-B KI'DLE, v. t. To free from the bridle.
UN-BRI'DLED, a. Loose; unrestrained
UN-BRO'KEN (bro'kn), a. Not broken; whole-
entire ; not subdued ; not tamed ; not taught
UN-B0R'DEN, v. t. To rid or free from a load to
throw off; to relieve.
UN-BUR'LED (un-b6r'rid), a. Not interred.
UN-BCTRNT', a. Not burned; not scorched; not
UN-BCR'THEN. See UNBURDEN.
UN-BCT'TON (-but'tn), v. t. To loose the buttons
of; to loose from being fastened by buttons.
UN-GAGE', v. t. To release from a cage.
UN-JAL-eC-LAT'ING, a. Not making or prone to
make calculations ; rash ; hasty ; precipitate
UN-GALLED' (-kawld'), a. Not 'called; not in-
vited
UN-AN'DID, a. Not candid ; not fair ; partial
UN-GA-NON'IG-AL, a. Not according to the ca-
nons ; not acknowledged as authentic.
UN-AP', v. t. To free from a cover ; to open.
UN-GAUGMT' (-kawf), a. Not caught or taken.
UN-CEAS'ING, a. Not ceasing; continual
UN-CEAS'ING-LY, ad. Without intermission.
UN-CER-E-MO'NI-OUS, a. Not formal
UN-CfiR'TAIN, a. Not certain ; not having certain
knowledge ; not exact ; unsettled ; irregular
UN-ER'TAIN-TY, n. Want of certainty or preci-
sion; something unknown.
UN-GHAIN', v. t. To free from chains ; to unbind
UN-CHANGE'A-BLE, a. Not changeable; immu-
table ; not subject to variation.
UN-CHANGE'A-BLE-NESS, n. The quality or
state of not being changed.
UN-CHANGE'A-BLY, ad. Without change; im-
mutably.
JN-CHANG'ING, a. Suffering no alteration.
UN-CHART-TA-BLE, a. Having no charity ; con-
trary to charity or the universal love prescribed
by Christianity.
UN-CHAR'I-TA-BLE-NESS, n. Want of charity.
UN-CHAR'I-TA-BLY, ad. With want of charity.
UN-CHASTE', a. Wanting chastity ; not continent ;
lewd.
UN-CHECKED' (-chSkf), a. Not checked ; not re-
strained.
UN-CHRlS'TIAN (-krtst'yan), a. Contrary to
Christianity ; not evangelized ; not converted to
the Christian faith ; infidel.
UN-CHRON'1-LED, a. Not recorded in a chron-
icle.
UN-CHfJRCH , v. t. To expel from a church ; to
deprive of the character and rights of a church.
UN'CIAL (un'shal), a. Pertaining to letters of a
large size, used in ancient manuscripts.
CN'CIAL (un'shal), n. An uncial letter.
ON'CI-FORM, a. Shaped like a hook.
UN-ClR-!UM-ClSED', a. Without the rite of cir-
cumcision.
CJN-ClR-! UM-CI"SION (-sYzh'un) , n . Want of cir-
cumcision ; in Scripture, the Gentiles, who did
not practise circumcision.
UN-CIVIL, a. Uncourteous in manners ; not com-
plaisant ; rude.
UN-C1V'IL-1ZED (-c*v'il-Izd), a. Not civilized; not
reclaimed from savage Lfe.
TNC
491
IJXD
DOVE, WOLF, BQQK ; R$LI, BTJLL ; Vf'CIOUS. -6 &S K ; 6 &S J ; as Z ; CH as SH ; SHIS.
(JN-ClV'IL-LY, ad. In a rude manner ; rudely ;
impolitely.
UN-!LASP', v. t. To loosen a clasp ; to open what
is fastened with a clasp.
UN-GLAS'SIC, \a. Not classical ; not accord-
UN-JLAS'SI-AL, $ ing to the best models of
writing ; not pertaining to the classic writers.
UN'-CLE (unk'kl), n. A father's or mother's bro-
ther.
UN-LAN', a. Not clean: foul: filthy; lewd.
UN-LEAN'LI-NESS (-klenle-ness), 7.. Want of
cleanliness ; filthiness.
TTN-eLEAN'LY (-klfin'ly), o. Being foul or filthy
SYN. Unchaste; obscene; indecent; dirty.
UN-LEAN'NESS, n. A state of filthiness ; lewd
ness ; want of ritual or ceremonial purity ; sinful
ness.
UN-GLEANS'ED, a. Not cleansed or purified.
UN-LI NCH', v. t. To open what has been clenched
UN-LOG', v. t. To disencumber of difficulties or
obstructions ; to set free.
UN-LO$E', v. t. To open ; to disclose ; to break
the seal of, as to unclose a letter.
UN-LOTHE', v. t. To deprive of clothing.
UN-CLOUD', v. t. To clear from clouds.
UN--CLOUD'ED, a. Cleared or free from clouds
not darkened ; not obscured.
UN-OIL', v. t. To unwind and open, as the turns
of a rope or other line.
UN-COL-LECTED, a. Not collected; outstand-
ing, as uncollected taxes ; not recovered from con-
fusion.
UN-6L'OUR-ED, n. Not coloured; not height-
ened by description. [t'ul.
UN-6ME'LY (-kumly), a. Not comely; ungrace-
DN-OM'FOKT-A-BLE, o. Affording no comfort ;
giving uneasiness.
VN-COM'FORT-A-BLY (-kum'furt-), ad. Without
cheerfulness : in an uneasy state.
CTN-OM-MlTTED, a. Not referred to a commit-
tee ; not pledged by any thing said or done.
UN-OM'MON, a. Not common or usual ; not often
seen or known. SYN. Bare; scarce; unfrequent;
unwonted ; singular.
UN-COM'MON-LY, ad. Rarely ; unusually ; to an
uncommon degree.
UN-COM'MON-NESS, n. Bareness of occurrence ;
infrequency.
UN-COM-MC'NI-CA-TIVE, a. Not free to com-
municate; reserved.
UN-OM-PEN'SAT-ED, a. Unrewarded.
UN-OM-PLAIN'ING, o. Not murmuring; not
disposed to murmur.
UN-COM'PRO-MIS-ING, a. Not agreeing to terms;
not admitting of compromise.
UN--CON-CERN', n. Want of concern; indiffer-
ence ; freedom from solicitude.
UN--COX-CERN.ED' (-kon-sernd'), a. Not con-
cerned ; indifferent ; not anxious ; feeling no so-
licitude.
UN-eON-CERN'ED-LY, ad. Without concern;
without anxiety.
UN-CON-CIL'I-A-TING, a. Not adapted to gain
favour, or disposed to conciliation.
UN-ON-pI"TlON-AL, (-dlsh'un-al).a. Not limited
by conditions ; absolute ; unreserved.
UN-ON-DI"TION-AL-LY, (-dlsh'un-al-ly), ad.
Without conditions ; without reservation.
UN-ON-FlRMED' (-kon-firmd'), a. Not confirmed
or ratified.
UN-eON-('iE'NI-AL, a. Not congenial.
UN-eON'JU-GAL, a. Not becoming the married
state ; not befitting wife or husband.
JN-CON-NECT'ED.a. Not connected; incoherent;
loose; desultory.
UN-CON'QUER-A-BLE (-konk'er-), a. That can-
not be subdued or brought under control,
conquerable passion or temper. SYN. Invincible ;
insuperable ; insurmountable.
17NM -BLY, ad. Invincibly.
UN-eON-Sri-EN TIOUS (-kon-she-6n'shus), a. Not
conscientious.
: S SCION-A-BLE, a. Unreasonable; unjust-
not guided or influenced by conscience.
UN-ON'SCION-A-BLY, ad. In an unreasonable
manner.
'.VSCIOUS (-kSn'shus), a. Not perceiving or
knowing.
UN-eOVSCIOUS-LY, ad. Without knowledge.
UN-ON"SCIO US-NESS, n. Want of perception.
UN-ON-SE-CRAT'ED, a. Not set aside for sacred
purposes, bv reliirious rites ; not dedicated.
I -v< IQN-SOI/A-BLE, a. Not to be comforted.
UN-eON-STI-TC'TION-AL, a. Not agreeable to
or authorized by the constitution ; contrary to
the principles of the constitution.
N -STRAINED' (-stramd'), a. Free from
constraint ; not proceeding from constraint.
UN-CON-STRAINT', ?i. Freedom from constraint.
>N-TEST'ED, a. Not disputed ; evident.
UN-0 N'T KITE, a. Wanting penitence.
UN-ON-TROL'LA-Br,E, a. Not to be controlled;
ungovernable; that can not be restrained; that
can not be resisted or diverted ; indisputable.
UN-ON-TROL'LA-BLY, ad. Without control.
UN-CON'TRO-VERT-ED, a. Not liable to be call-
ed in question ; undisputed.
UN-ON-VERS'A-BLE, a. Not free in conversa-
tion ; not suited to conversation.
UN-ON-VERT'ED, a. Not regenerated; not
changed in opinion ; not renewed.
UN--COK-RECT'ED, a. Not corrected or amended ;
not revised ; not rendered exact; not reformed.
UN-OR-RUPT', a. Not corrupt ; pure ; genuine ;
not depraved ; not perverted.
UN-COR-RUPTED, a. Not corrupted; not de-
UN-eoUNTED, a. Not numbered.
UN-COCPLE (un-kup'pl), v. t. To loose, as dogs
from their couples ; to disjoin.
UN-eOUR'TE-OUS (-kurt'e-us), a. Destitute of
civility ; not kind and complaisant.
UN-eOURT'LY, a. Not becoming a court; not
refined ; not polite.
UN-COUTH' (-koothO, a. Having awkward man-
ners; not pleasing in appearance; unusual. SYN.
Odd ; strange; awkward; ungraceful.
UN-eOUTH'LY (-kooth'ly), ad. In an awkward
manner.
UN-GOUTH'NESS, n. Awkwardness ; oddness.
UN-OV'E-N ANT-ED, a. Not promised by cove-
nant ; not resting on a covenant or promise.
UN-eOV'ER (un-kuv'er), v. t. To remove a cover-
ing from ; to deprive of clothes ; to take off the
hat or cap ; to disclose to view.
UN-GRE-AT'ED.a. Not created; self-existent.
UN-RED'IT-ED, a. Not believed.
UN-CROPPED, a. Not cropped or gathered; un-
sown.
UN-ROWN , v. t. To deprive of a crown.
CNTION (unk'shun), n. Literally, the act of
anointing, or an unguent ; hence, any thing sof-
tening ; that warmth and tenderness of address
which excites devotional feelings ; divine grace.
UNT-0-OS I-TY, > n. The quality of being oily
CNTT-OUS-NESS, ) or greasy. '
ONT'0-OUS (unkt'yu-us), a. Oily in nature ; fat ;
greasy ; having a resemblance to oil.
UN-epL'TI-VA-TED, a. Not cultivated; rude;
not instructed ; not civilized ; rough.
L'X-< I'RL', v. t. To destroy curls; to untwist;
v. i. to fall from a curled state, as ringlets.
UN-CR'RENT, a. Not current; not passing in
common payment, as uncurrent notes or coin,
i T, a. Not clipped ; entire.
UN-DAM' AGED (-dam'ajd), a. Not having re-
ceived damage ; unhurt ; not made worse.
ON'DA-TED, a. Waved; rising and falling in
waves toward the margin, as a leaf.
UN-DAT'ED, a. Having no date. [less.
UN-DAUNTED (-dauted), a. Not daunted; fear-
UN-DAUNT'ED-LY, ad. Without fear ; boldly.
UN-DAUNT'ED-NESS, n. The quality of fearles-
ness; intrepidity.
UND
492
UND
I, S, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CABE, JAB, LAST, FALL, WHAT; THABE, T*BM ; MARINE, BIRD; xdrx,
UN-DE!'A-GON, n. A figure of eleven angles.
UN-DE-CEIVE' (-seev'), v. t. To free from decep
tion, fallacy, or mistake, whether caused b
UN-UER-STAND', v. t. [prt. and pp. UNDERSTOOD.]
To have just and adequate ideas of; to receive or
others or by ourselves.
UN-DE-CID'ED, a. Not determined ; unsettled.
UN-DE-CI'PHER-A-BLE, a. That can not be ex
plained or deciphered.
UN-DECK', v. t. To divest of ornaments.
UN-D'OR-AT-ED, a. Unadorned.
UN-DE-G LINED 7 (-klind'), o. Not declined ; no
turning from the right.
UN-DE-FEN D'ED, a. Not defended; not vindi
cated.
UN-DE-FILED 7 (-fildO, o. Not polluted ; pure.
UN-DE-FINED' (-find'), a. Not defined; no
limited ; not described by definition or explana
tion.
UN-DE-MON'STRA-BLE, o. That can not be de
monstratcd ; not capable of fuller evidence.
UN-DE-NI'A-BLE, o. That can not be denied.
UN-DE-NI'A-BLY, ad. Certainly ; indisputably.
UN'DER, prep. So as to have something over or
above; beneath; below ; in a state of pupilage or
subjection to ; for less than ; with the pretence
of; represented by; in the form of; signed by
See OVER.
tJN'DER, ad. Below ; not above ; less.
CTN'DER, o. Lower in degree ; subject ; subordi-
nate.
UN-DER-A'TION, n. Subordinate action.
UN-DER-BlD 7 , v. t. To bid or offer less than an-
other.
CN'DER-BROSH, n. Small trees and shrubs in
a wood or forest.
UN'DER-CJR-RENT, n. A current below the sur-
face of the water.
UN-DER-DO', v. t. or v. i. To do less than is re-
quisit3 ; to act below one's ability.
UN-DER-GO', v. t. To endure something burden
some or painful ; to bear ; to pass through ; to
sustain without fainting.
UN-DER-GRAD'CT-ATE (-grad'yu-ate), n. A stu
dent in a college who has not taken his first de
gree.
ON'DER-GROUND, o. Being below the surface of
the ground.
UN'DER-GROWTH, n. Shrubs, &c., under trees.
UN'DER-HANP, o. N9ting a covert, clandestine
manner, usually implying meanness or fraud.
CN'DER-KKEP-EK, n. A subordinate keeper.
UN-DER-LAY' (-la'), v. t. To lay under or beneath ;
to support by having something under.
UN-DER-LET, v. t. To let below the value; to
let, as a tenant ; to sublet.
UN-DER-L1E', v. t. To lie beneath, as a stratum,
support, &c.
UN-DER-LlNE', v. t. To draw a line under, some-
times called scoring.
ON'DER-LING, n. An inferior or mean person.
UN-DER-MlNE', v. t. To sap; to excavate the
earth beneath ; to remove the foundation or sup-
port of anything by clandestine means.
UN-DER-MLN'ER, n. One that saps or overthrows,
as an underminer of the church.
CN'DER-MOST, a. Lowest in place or state.
UN-DER-NEATH', ad. or prep. Beneath ; under.
UN-DER-P1N', v. t. To lay the stones that sup-
port the sills of a building ; to support by some
solid foundation.
UN-DER-PIN'NING, n. The stones on which a
building immediately rests.
ON'DER-PLOT, n. A plot subservient to the main
plot ; a clandestine scheme.
UN-DER-RATE', v. t. To rate below the value.
ON'DER-RATE, n. A price below the werth.
UN-DER-RUN', v. t. To pass under in a boat, as
to under-run a cable ; to examine and readjust
the parts of, as tackle.
UN-D r-.R-SGORE', v. t. To draw a mark under.
UN-DER-SELL', v. t. To sell the same articles at a
f'ANT, n. An inferior servant.
UN-DER-SHOT 7 . a. Moved by water passing under,
as a wheel ; opposed to overshot.
CN'DER-SONG, n. Burden of a song ; a chorus.
have the ideas that a person intends to communi-
cate ; to suppose to mean ; to know by experience ;
to learu ; to be informed of. STN. To comprehend.
To understand is simply to receive into the in-
tellect ; to comprehend a subject is to embrace it
in all its relations and dependencies. It is easy
to understand that there is a God, but impossible
to comprehend the vastness of his existence, wis-
dom, and power.
UN-DER-STAND 7 , v. i. To have the use of the in-
tellectual faculties ; to be informed by another.
UN-DER-STAND'ING, n. The intellectual powers;
knowledge; intelligence between two persons.
See SENSE.
UN-DER-STAND'ING-LY, ad. With knowledge.
tTN'DER-STRAP-PER, n. An inferior agent.
UN-DER-TAKE', v. t. [pret. UNDERTOOK; pp. UN-
DEKTAKEN.] To engage in; to take in hand; to
enter upon ; to contract ; to perform.
UN-DER-TAK'ER, n. One who undertakes; one
who manages funerals.
UN-DER-TAK'ING, n. Any business, work, or
project which a person engages in. STN. Enter-
prize: attempt; engagement.
UN-DER-TEN'ANT, n. The tenant of a tenant.
UN-DER-VAL-0-A'TION, n. Sate below the
worth.
UN-DER-VAL'CE, t. t. To rate below the worth ;
to esteem lightly.
UN-DER-VAL'OE (-val'yu), n. Low rate or price;
a price less than the real worth.
JN'DER-WQOD, ,i. Small trees under larger ones.
tjN'DER-VVORK (-wiirk), n. Subordinate work.
UN-DER-WORK', v. t. To work for a lower price
than another ; to undermine clandestinely.
0N'DER-WORK-ER, n. One who underworks.
UN-DER-WORK'MAN (-wurk'man;, n. An in-
ferior labourer.
[JN-DER- WRITE'- (-rite 7 ), v. t. To write under ; to
subscribe ; to subscribe one's name for insurance.
See WRITE.
QN-DER-WRlTE', v. t. To practise insuring.
N'DER-WRlT-ER (un'der-n-ter), n. An insurer,
so called because he underwrites his name to the
conditions of the policy.
UN-DER-WRIT'ING, n. The act of insuring.
UN-DE-SCRIBED 7 (-de-skribd'), a. Not described.
UN-DE-SERVJSD' (-de-zervd 7 ), a. Not merited;
unjust.
UN-DE-SfiRV'ED-LY, ad. Without desert.
JN-DE-SERV'ING, a. Not deserving; not worthy.
UN-DER-SIGN', v. t. To write one's name at the
end of any writing.
UN-DE-SIGNED 7 (-smd 7 ), a. Not designed; not
intended ; not proceeding from purpose.
JN-DE-SIGN'ED-LY, ad. Without intention.
JN-DE-SIGN'ING, o. Not designing; artless;
sincere ; upright ; having no artful or fraudulent
purpose.
N-DE-$IR'A-BLE, o. Not to be desired; not to
be wished.
JN-DE-T!T'ED, o. Not discovered or found
out.
JN-DE-TERM'IN-A-BLE, a. Not to be determined.
JN-DE-TERM'IN-ATE, a. Not being settled; in-
definite.
JN-DE'VI-A-TING, a. Not deviating; uniform;
not wandering ; not crooked.
JN-DEX'TROUS, a. Not dextrous ; clumsy.
JN-DIG'NI-FIED (-fide), a. Lacking dignity;
common; mean.
N'DlNE, n. Among the Cabalists, a water nymph.
JN-Dl-RET'ED, a. Not directed; not set right;
not superscribed, as a letter ; not addressed.
UN-DI$-CERN'I-13LE (-diz-zcrn'e-bl), a. Not to
be discerned or discovered ; invisible.
UN-DI$-CRN'ING, a. Not discerning; dull;
UND
493
TJNF
DftV*, WOLF, BOOK; RflLE, BT'LL ; Vl"CIOVF
wanting judgment or the power of discrimina
tion ; not making just distinctions.
UN-DIS'CI-PLINED (-plVnd), a. Not disciplined
or instructed; not subdued to regularity and
order; raw.
UN-DL-5-OV'ER-A-BLE (-kuv'er-a-bl), a. Not to
be discovered.
UN-DIS-OV'ERED (-kav'erd), a. Not discovered
UN-DIS-GUISED' (-gulzd'), a. Not disguised;
open; artless.
UN-DIS-MAYED* (-made'), o. Not intimidated;
bold.
UN-DIS-PENSEiy (-dis-p5nstO, a. Not dispensed ;
not freed from obligation.
UN-DIS-PLAYED', a. Not exhibited or shown.
UN-DIS-I'O'TED, a. Not called in question.
UN-DIS-SEM'BLED (-sCm'bldj, a. Not disguised ;
sincere.
UN-DIS-SfiM'BLING, a. Not dissembling ; frank ;
not exhibiting a false appearance ; not false.
UN-DIS-TING'GUISH-A-BLE (-tlng'gwish-a-bl), a.
Not to be distinguished by the eye or by any
peculiar quality.
UN-DIS-TlNG'GUISHED (-dis-ttng'gwisht), a.
Not distinguished ; not plainly discerned ; not
marked by any peculiar quality ; not treated with
any particular respect.
UN-DIS-TRAtlT'ED, a. Not perplexed by confu-
sion of thoughts, desires, or concerns.
UN-DIS-TORUED 7 (-turbd'), a. Not molested;
free from interruption ; calm ; tranquil ; placid.
UN DI-VID'ED, a. Not divided; not disunited;
unbroken; whole.
UN-DO' (un-doo'). v. t. [pret. UNDID; pp. UNDONE.]
To reverse what has been done ; to loose ; to open ;
to unravel; to untie; to ruin; to impoverish.
UN-DO'ER, n. One who brings to destruction ; one
who reverses what has been done.
UN-DO'ING, n. The reversal of what has been
done; destruction; ruin.
UN-DONE' (un-dun'), a. Not done; not performed
or executed ; ruined.
UN-DOUBTED, a. Not doubted; indisputable.
UN-DOUBT'ED-LY, ad. Without a question.
UN-DRAINED', a. Not provided with drains.
UN-DRAWN', a. Not drawn; not allured by per-
suasion.
UN-DRESS', v. t. or v. \. To divest of clothes ; to
strip.
UN'DRESS, n. A loose or negligent dress; dress
worn by soldiers when not on duty.
UN-DUE', o. Not due; not right; improper; not
agreeable to a rule or standard, or to duty ; not
proportioned ; excessive.
ON'UU-LA-RY, a. Flaying like waves; waving.
ON'DU-LATE, v. t. or v. i. To cause to vibrate ; to
wave ; to move backward and forward, or up and
down.
UN-DU-LA'TION, n. A waving motion or vibration ;
the motion of matter in an ulcer when pressed.
ON'DU-LA-TO-RY, a. Moving like waves.
UN-DO'LY, ad. Not according to duty or pro-
priety ; improperly.
UN-DOR' A-BLE, a. Not lasting.
UN-DU'TE-OUS, a. Not dutiful; irreverent; not
performing duty to parents or superiors.
UN-DC'TI-FUL, a. Not dutiful; disobedient.
UN-DC'TI-FUL-NESS, n. Disobedience, as to
parents ; violation of duty ; unfaithfulness.
UN-DY'ING, a. Not perishing; immortal.
UN-EARNED' (un-ernd'), o. Not merited by la-
bour or services.
UN-EARTH'LY (-erth'l}-), a. Not of the earth.
UN-EA'$I-LY (-e'ze-ly), ad. With uneasiness or
pain ; with difficulty ; not readily.
UN-EA'$I-NESS (-e'ze-ness), n. A moderate de-
gree of pain ; want of ease ; disquiet.
UN-A'SY (-e'zy), a. Feeling some degree of pain ;
restless ; disturbed ; unquiet ; giving some pain ;
disturbed in mind ; difficult.
UN-EAT'A-BLE, o. Inedible ; not fit for food.
UN-ED'fJ-eA-TED, o. Having no education.
. aaKj 6asJ; sasz; Cnassn; THIS.
UX-E-L.VS'TI, o. Having no spring.
I N-KM-BAR'RASS#D (-bar'rast), o. Free from
embarrassment.
UN-EM-PLOYJBD' (-ploid'), a. Not employed or
occupied.
UN-END'ING, a. Not ending; everlasting.
UN-EN-DO W^D' (-dowd'), a. Not endowed; not
furnished with funds.
UN-EX-DOR'A-BLE, a. Not to be endured; intol-
erable.
UN-EN-GAG^D' (-gajd';, o. Not engaged or pro-
mised; free from attachment that binds us ; un-
employed.
UN-EN-JOY^D' (-joyd'), a. Not possessed or en-
joyed.
UN-EN-LIGHT'^NED (-en-ll'tnd), a. Not en-
lightened ; not illuminated.
UN-EN'TER-PRIS-ING, o. Wanting enterprise.
UN-N-TEK-TAIN'ING, a. Giving no delight.
UN-ENTI-A-BLE, o. Not enviable.
UN-EN'VI-OUS, o. Not envious ; free from envy.
UN-E'QU A-BLE (-e'kwa-bl), o. Not equable ; not
uniform ; different at different times.
UN-E'QUAL, o. Not equal or even; inadequate;
partial ; ill matched.
UN-'QUAL-LY, ad. In different degrees.
UN-E'QL'AL-NESS (-e'kwal-ness), n. Inequality;
the state of being unequal.
UN-E-QU1V'0-AL (-kwiv'o-kal), o. Not equivo-
cal; not doubtful; not ambiguous.
UN-E-QUIV'O-GAL-LY, ad. Without doubt ; with-
out room to doubt.
UN-ERR'ING, a. Not mistaking; not liable to
err ; incapable of failure or of error.
UN-RR'ING-LY, ad. Without error or mistake.
UN-ES-SEN'TIAL (-sen'shal), a. Not essential;
void of real being.
UN-E-VAN-GEL'I-AL, a. Not orthodox.
UN-E'VEN (un-e'vn), a. Not even ; not level ; irre-
gular ; not equal ; not uniform.
UN-E'V-EN-NESS, n. Want of an even surface;
want of smoothness or uniformity.
UN-EX-AM'iND, a. Not investigated.
UN-EX-AM'PLED (-egz-am'pld), a. Having no ex-
ample or similar case ; having no precedent ; un-
paralleled.
UN-EX-CPTION- A-BLE, a. Not liable to objec-
tion or exception.
UN-EX-CEP'TION-A-BLY, ad. So as to be liable
to no objection.
UN-EX-CIT'KD, a. Not excited; not roused.
UN-EX'E-0-TED. a. Not performed ; not done ;
not signed or sealed.
UN-EX-HAUSTED, o. Not exhausted or drained ;
not spent.
UN-EX-PT / ED, a. Not expected; sudden; not
looked for.
UN-EX-PT'ED-LY, ad. In a way not expected.
UN-EX-P'RI-ENCD (-re-enst), a. Not experi-
enced ; not versed.
UN-EX-PIRED', a. Not expired; not ended.
UN-EX-PLORLV (-plord'), a. Not explored; not
examined by the eye ; not examined intellectu-
UN-EX-POSED' (-eks-pozd ; ), o. Not laid open or
exposed ; not laid open to censure.
UN -EX-PR ESSED 7 (-eks-pr5sf), a. Not mentioned
or named ; not exhibited. Pib'e.
UN-EX-PKESS'lVE, a. Not expressing; unutlor.
UN-EX-TND'ED, a. Having no dimensions.
UN-EX-TLN-CT, a. Not extinct or extinguished ;
not having perished ; not being destroyed.
UN-EX-TlNG'QUIS H-A-BLE (-eks-tiiig'gwish-a-bl)
a. Not to be extinguished; that ciiu not be an-
nihilated or repressed.
UN-FAD'ED, a. Not faded or withered; not hav-
ing lost its strength of colour.
UN-FAUTNG, a. Not fading or liable to fade ; not
liable to wither.
UN-FAIL'ING, a. Not failing; abiding; certain.
UN-FAIR', a. Not fair; dishonest; disingenuous.
UN -FAIRLY, ad. Nut in a fair manner.
UNF
494
UNQ
i, fi, &c., Tang. I, fi, <fec., short. ciRE, PAR, LAST.
tJN-FAIR'NESS, n. Want of fairness or honesty
want of equitableness ; injustice.
UN-FAITHFUL, a. Not faithful; neglecting
duty; not observant of promises, TOWS, allegi
ance, or duty. SYN. Perfidious ; treacherous
disloyal; undutiful.
UN-FAITH'FUL-LY, ad. With breach of trust
treacherously ; perfidiously.
UN-FAITH'FUL-NESS, n. Breach of trust ; ne
gleet or violation of vows, promises, allegiance, or
other duty ; treachery.
UN-FAL'TER-ING (-fawl'ter-), o. Not faltering
not hesitating.
UN-FASH'ION-A-BLE (-fash'un-), o. Not accord
ing to the fashion.
UN-FASH'ION-A-BLY, ad. So as not to be in the
fashion.
UN-FAST'EN, (-fas'sn), v. t. To loose; to un
bind.
UN-FA'THER-LY, a. Not becoming a father.
UN-FATH OM-A-BLE a. Not to be fathomed.
UN-FA-TlGUED' (-fa-teegd'), a. Not tired; not
wearied.
UN-FA'VOUR-A-BLE, a. Not favourable ; unkind;
not propitious.
UN-FA/VOUR-A-BLE-NESS, n. Want of disposi-
tion to countenance or promote; unpropitious-
ness ; unkindness.
UN-FATOUR-A-BLY, ad. In a manner to discour
age or dissuade.
UN-FEATH'ERED (-ftth'erd), a. Having no
feathers; unfledged.
UN-FED' a. Not fed ; not supplied with food.
UN-FEEL'ING, a. Void of feeling ; insensible.
UN-FEIGNED' (un-fand';, a. Not pretended;
real ; sincere, as unfeigned piety toward God.
UN-FEIGN'ED-LY (-fan'ed-ly), ad. Without dis-
guise ; really ; sincerely.
UN-FELT', a. Not felt or perceived.
UN-FEM'I-NiNE, a. Not feminine ; not according
to the female character or manners.
UN-FENCED' (-fensf), a. Not inclosed by a fence ;
defenceless.
UN-FER-MENT'ED, a. Not fermented.
UN-FEE'TlLE, a. Not bearing fruit; barren;
poor.
UN-FETTER, v. t. To free from shackles ; to set
at liberty.
UN-FlL'IAL (-lil'yal), a. Not becoming a son or
daughter.
UN-FIN'ISHED (-fm'isht), a. Not finished ; not
complete ; not brought to an end.
UN-FIT", a. Not fit or qualified. SYN. Improper ;
unsuitable; unseasonable; untimely; inexpedi-
ent ; incompetent.
UN-FIT', v. t. To make unsuitable; to dis-
qualify.
UN-FlT'LY, ad. Not properly ; unsuitably.
UN-FITNESS, n. Want of qualifications ; want of
propriety or adaptation to character or place.
UN-FIX', v. t. To loosen from a fastening ; to un-
settle ; to dissolve.
UN-FIXED' (un-fiksf), o. Not fixed; wandering;
inconstant.
UN-FLEDGED 7 (-flgjd'), a. Destitute of feathers ;
not having obtained full growth.
UN-FLlNCH'ING, a. Not flinching; not shrink-
ing ; determined ; resolute.
UN-FOLD', v. t. To free from folds ; to expand ; to
display; discover; to tell; to disclose; to re-
lease from a fold.
UN-FOR-BEAR'ING, a. Not forbearing.
UN-FOR-BID', la. Not forbid ; not prohib-
UN-FOR-BlD'DEN, 5 ited, applied to persons;
allowed ; permitted; legal, applied to things,
UN-FORD'A-BLE, a. Impassable.
UN-FORE-KNOWN', a. Not known beforehand.
UN-FORE-SEEN', a. Not seen beforehand.
UN-FORE-TOLD', a. Not predicted; not told be-
fore.
DN-FORTEIT-ED (-for'fit-ed), a. Not forfeited or
lost by crime or breach of confidence.
FALL, TTHAT; TH^RE, T&RM; MARINE, B!RD; MOTB,
UN-FOR-GlV'ING, a. Not disposed to forgive.
UN-FOR-GOT', -)a. Not forgot; not lost to
UN-FOR-GOT'TEN, $ memory ; not overlooked.
UN -FORMED' (-formd'), a. Not moulded into re-
gular shape.
UN-FOR-SAK'.EN, a. Not deserted.
UN-FOltT'U-NATE, a. Not successful or prosper-
ous.
UN-FORT'U-NATE-LY, ad. Without success ; un-
happily.
UN-KOST'ERED, a. Not nourished.
UM-FOUND'ED, a. Having no foundation; vain-
idle.
UN-FRAM'ED, a. Not furnished with a frame.
UN-FRE-QUENT'ED, a. Not often visited; sel-
dom resorted to by human beings.
UN-FRE'QUEN T-LY, ad. Not often ; unusually.
UN-FRIEND'LI-NESS, n. Want of friendliness.
UN-F.RIENU' n. One not a friend ; an enemy.
UN-FRIENDXY (-frgnd'ly), a. Not friendly; un-
favourable; not adapted to promote or support
any object.
UN FRUITFUL, a. Not fruitful ; barren ; unpro-
ductive.
UN-FRUITFUL-NESS, n. A state or quality of
barrenness ; unproductiveness.
UN-FUNL V ED, a. Not funded; having no perma-
nent funds for the payment of its interest.
UN-F0RL', v. t. To loose and unfold, as a banner;
to open and spread, as sails.
UN-FOR'NISH, v. t. To strip of furniture ; to di-
vest.
UN-GAINTUL, a. Not profitable; not producing
gain.
UN-GAIN'LY, a. Not expert; clumsy; awkward;
uncouth.
UN-GAL'LANT or UN-GAL-LANT', a. Not gal-
lant. See GALLANT.
UN-GEN'ER-OUS, a. Lacking generosity ; illiber-
al ; mean ; not noble ; ignominious.
UN-GEN'ER-OUS-LY, ad. With illiberality ; un-
kindly.
UN-GE'NI-AL, a. Unfavourable to growth.
UN-GEN-TEEL', a. Not genteel or well bred; not
consistent with good manners.
UN-GN'TLE, a. Not gentle; wUd; untamed.
UN-GEN'TLE-MAN-LIKE, ") a. Not becoming a
UN-GN'TLE-MAN-LY, $ man of good breeding.
UN-GEN'TLY, ad. In a harsh manner; roughly;
rudely.
UN-GlFT'ED, a. Not endowed with talents.
UN-GlLD'ED.) a. Not gilded; not overlaid with
UN-GlLT', / gold.
JN-GlRD', . t. To loose a girdle or girth ; v. t. to
loose from a girdle or bond; to unbind.
UN-GLAZED 7 , a. Not glazed or furnished with
flass ; not covered with vitreous matter.
-GOD'LI-LY, ad. With impiety; wickedly.
JN-GOD'LI-NESS, n. Impiety; irreverence to
God ; disregard of God.
UN-GOIXLY, a. Neglecting to fear God or violat-
ing his commands ; irreligious ; profane ; im-
pious.
JN-GOV'ERN-A-BLE (-guv'ern-a-bl), a. Not to b
restrained; licentious; wild; unbridled.
JN-GOVERN-A-BLY, ad. So as not to be re-
strained.
UN-GRACE'FITL, o. Wanting grace or elegance ;
wanting ease and dignity.
UN-GRACE'FUL-LY, ad. In an awkward manner;
clumsily.
UN-GRACE'FUL-NESS, n. Want of elegance.
JN-GRA'CIOUS (-gra'shus), a. Having or noting
unpleasing characteristics; odious; offensive;
not well received $ unacceptable.
JN-GRA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With disfavour ; not in a
pleasing manner*
JN-GRAM-ilATI-eAL, a. Not according to
JN-GRATE'FUL, a. Wanting gratitude for fa-
vours ; unthankful ; not pleusant ; making no re-
turns for culture.
TJXG
495
UNI
D6VE, WQLF, BQQK ; K^LE, BJJLL ; Vl"CIOCS. -6 as K ; 6 OS J ; 8 OS Z ; CH OS SH; THIS.
UN-GRATE'FUL-LY, ad. Without gratitude ; un-
pleasingly.
UN-GRATE'EUL-NESS, n. Want of thankfulness
for favours received ; ingratitude ; disagreeable-
ness.
UN-GKOUND'ED, a. Having no foundation.
UN-GRtTDG'ING, a. Ifot grudging ; giving freely.
UNG^UAL, a. Pertaining to a claw, nail, or hoof.
UN-GUARD'ED (-gard'ed), a. Not guarded; care-
less ; negligent ; not attentive to danger.
UN'GUENT (un'gwent), n. An ointment ; a soft
composition u~ed as a topical remedy.
UN-GUENT'OUS (un-gwent'usj, a. Like or partak-
ing of ointment.
tTN'GUI-AL (ung'gwik-), a. Like a claw.
UN-GUIC'0-LAE, o. As long as the finger-nail ;
half an inch.
U N -G U I'C-L ATE, o. Having claws.
UN-GUIDED (un-gl'ded), a. Not guided or led;
not regulated.
ONG'GUIN-OUS (ung-gwin-), a. Oily; consisting
of fat or oil ; unctuous.
UNG'GU-LATE, a. Shaped like a hoof.
UN-HAB'IT-A-BLE, o. That is not habitable.
UN-HACK'NEYD (hak'nid), a. Not experienced ;
not much used.
UN-HAL'LOW (-hallo), v. t. To profane or make
common.
UN-HAL'LOW-ED (-hallode), a. Being deprived of
sacredness ; profane; unholy; impure; wicked.
UN-HAND*, v. t. To loose from the hand; to let go.
UN-HAND'I-LY, ad. With awkwardness; clumsily.
UN-HAND'SOME (-han'sum), n. Not graceful;
illiberal; unfair.
UN-HAND'SOME-LY, ad. In an ungraceful or un-
fair nianner ; illiberally ; uncivilly.
UN-HAND'Y, a. Not handy; not ready in the use
of the hands ; awkward ; not convenient.
UN-HAP'PI-LY, ad. In an unfortunate manner ;
miserably.
UN-HAPTI-NESS, n. Calamity; state of being
unhappy.
UN-HAfPY, a. Not happy; unfortunate. SYN.
Distressed; afflicted; calamitous; miserable;
wretched.
UN-HARMED 7 , a. Not hurt ; uninjured.
UN-HAR-MO'NI-OUS, a. _ Lacking harmony or
congruity ; unmusical ; discordant ; jarring.
UN-HAlt'NESS, v. t. To strip of harness; to dis-
UN-HEALTH'FUL (-heith'fnl), a. Not healthful;
insalubrious ; abounding with sickness, as an un-
healthful season.
tFN-HEALTII'FUL-NESS,-)n. A state of insalu-
UN-HEALTH'I-NESS, j brity; unwholesome-
ness.
UN-HE ALTH'I-LY (-heith'e-tf), ad. In an un-
sound or unwholesome manner.
UN-HALTH'Y (-helth'y), a. Wanting health;
unsound ; sickly ; insalubrious.
UN-HEARD 7 (un-herd'), a. Not heard ; unknown;
not admitted to an audience.
UN-HEAVEN 'LY, jr. Not celestial; wicked.
UN-HEED'ED, a. Not regarded; neglected.
UN-HEEDTUL, a. Heedless; inattentive.
UN-HEEDING, a. Not cautious; careless; negli-
gent.
UN-HELP'FUL, a. Giving no assistance.
UN-HE-RO'KJ, a. Not heroic ; not brave.
UN-H E $'I-T A-TI NG, a. Not hesitating ; prompt ;
ready.
UN-HINGE', v. t. To take from hinges ; to unfix
by violence; to displace; to loosen.
UN-H ITCH', v. t. To loose from a hook, &c.
UN-HO'LI-NESS, n. Want of holiness ; ungodli-
ness.
UN-HOXY, a. Destitute of goodness ; not renewed
in heart. SYN. Wicked; profane; unsanctified.
UN-HOOK', v. t. To loose from a hook.
oL v , v. t. To divest of hoops.
UN-HOPED' (-hopf), a. Not hoped for; not so
probable as to excite hope.
UN-HORSE', v. t. To throw from the saddle ; to
cause to dismount.
UN-HOS'TlLE, a. Not belonging to an enemy.
UN-HOUSE', v. t. To deprive of shelter; to drive
from the house or habitation; to dislodge.
UN-HOM'BLBD (-hiim'bld), a. Not humbled;
Sroud ; not affected with shame or confusion.
- 1 II k 1 , a . Not harmed or injured.
UN-HCKT'Ft;L, a. Not injurious; harmless.
C-NI-BA'Siei' a. Having but one base.
C'M-<JOuN (yu'ne-kornj, n. A supposed animal
like a horse, having one long horn in the fore-
head : a horn growing from its jaw.
UN-I-DE'AL, a. Not ideal ; real.
0-NI-FLO'ROUS, o. Bearing one flower only.
O'NI-FORM (yu'ne-form), n. A like dress for a
band of soldiers, &c.
D'NI-FORM, a. Having the same form; consistent
with itself.
0-NI-FORM'I-TY, n. Resemblance to itself at all
times ; sameness ; conformity to a pattern or a
rule ; similitude between the warts and the whole.
O'NI-FORM-LY, ad. In a uniform manner.
C-N M . KN I-TGliE, n. State of being the only be-
gotten.
0-M-LAT'ER-AL, a. Having one side.
0-NI-LlT'EK-AL, a. Consisting of one letter only.
UN-IM-AG'IN-A-BLE, a. Not to be imagined ; not
to be conceived.
UN-IM-AG'INED, a. Not conceived:
UN-IM'I-TA-TED, a. Not imitated.
UN-IM-MORTAL, a. Not immortal ; perishable.
UN-IM-PAIREiy (-pard'J, a. Not marred or in-
jured ; not enfeebled by time or injury.
UN-IM-PAS'SIONED (-pash'und), a. Free from
passion ; calm ; temperate.
UN-IM-PACH'A-BLE, a. Not to be impeached;
that can not be accused ; free from stain or guilt.
UN-IM-PE ACHED' (-peechf), a. Not accused ; not
charged or accused ; not called in question.
UN-IM-PD'ED, a. Not impeded or hindered.
UN-IM-POR'TANT, a, Not important; trivial;
not assuming airs of dignitj'.
UX-IM-PRESs'lVK, a. Not impressive; notadapted
to affect or awaken the passions.
UX-i.M-PROVED' (proovd'), a. Not improved or
occupied ; not used.
UN-IN-FT'ED, a. Not infected or corrupted;
not corrupted.
UN-IN-F'TIOUS (-ftk'shus), a. Not infectious
or cat chin?.
UN-IN-FLAM'MA-BLE, a. Not to be set on fire.
UN-lN'FLU-ENOED (-flu-enst), a. Not persuaded
or moved by others ; not biassed; not proceeding
from influence.
UN-IN-FORM^D 7 (-formd') a. Not informed; un-
taught ; not instructed.
UN-IN-GEN'IOUS (-jen'yus), o. Not ingenious;
dull.
UN-IN-GN'0-OUS, a. Not frank or candid.
UN-IN-HAB'IT-A-BLE, a. Not habitable; that in
which man can not live.
UN-IN-HAB'IT-ED, a. Not having inhabitants.
UN-lN'JURjED, a. Not injured ; sound.
UN-IN-SPIRED' (-spird'), a. Not having received
any supernatural instruction or illumination .
UN-IN-STROT'1VE, a. Not edifying; not con-
ferring improvement.
UN-IN-sUR-ED 7 (-m-shurd'), o. Not insured; not
assured against loss.
UN-IN-TEL-LI-GI-BIL'I-TY, \n. The quality of
UN-IN-TL'LI-GI-BLE-NESS,J being unin-
telligible.
UN-JX -TKLXI-GI-BLE, o. Not to be understood.
UN-IN-TEL'LI-GI-BLY, ad. So as not to be under-
UN-IN-TEND ED, a. Not intended or purposed.
L X-IN-'i . L, a. Not designed or pui-posed ;
happening wuhout dasign.
UN-1N'TER-E.>T-ED, a. Not interested OT con-
cerned ; not having the mind or the passiona en
UNI
490
UNM
i, 8, Ac., long. I, *, Ac., short. CARE, TAB, LAST, JAI.L, WHAT; THBB, T*RM; MARINE, stBDj n3v,
UN-IN'TER-EST-ING. a. Not interesting; not j UN-KEN'NEL, r. t. To drive from its hole ot
capable of excitinsr interest.
UN-IN-TER-MITTED, a. Not interrupted; not
suspended for a time ; continued.
UN-IN-TER-KOPTED, a. Not interrupted; not
disturbed by intrusion ; not broken.
UN-IN-TOX'I-AT-ED, a. Not intoxicated ; sober.
UN-IN-VfiST'ED, a. Not invested or clothed.
UN-IN-VESTI-GA-BLE, a. Not to be investigated.
UN-IN-VIT'ED, o. Not invited ; not desired.
CN'ION (yun'yun), n. The bringing of things to-
gether so that parts make up a whole; a body
thus formed ; conjunction ; alliance ; con-
federacy ; the part of a flavin which the crosses
of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick
are united as symbolical of the union of Great
Britain and Ireland; several parishes united
under the Poor-law amendment act ; concord ;
harmony. STN. Unity. Union is the act of bring-
ing two or more things together so as to make but
one ; unity is a state of simple oneness, either of
essence, as the unity of God, or of action, feeling,
&c., as unity of design, of affection, &c. Mar-
riage is a union; and it becomes brethren to live
in unity.
C-NlP'A-ROUS, a. Producing one at a birth.
0-NliQUE' (yu-neek'), a. [Pr.] Unequalled; sole;
single in its kind or excellence.
0'NI-SON, n. Accordance of sounds ; agreement ;
a single unvaried note ; a. sounding alone.
C-NlS'O-NANCE, n. Accordance of sounds.
CT-NlS'O-NANT,) o. Being in unison ; accordant
(T-NIS'O-NOUS, f in sound.
O'NIT (yu'nit), n. A word denoting a single thing,
or person ; the least whole number ; one.
C-NI-TA'RI-AN, n. One who denies the Trinity,
and ascribes divinity to God the Father only ; o.
pertaining to Unitarianism.
C-NI-TA'RI-AN-I$M, n. The doctrines of Unita-
rians, who deny the Trinity.
U-NlTE' (yu-nlte'), v. i. To join two or more
things together ; to make agree or to be uniform.
O-NITE', v. i. To join in an act; to concur; to
coalesce; to grow together; to be mixed.
O-NIT'ED-LY, ad. With union or concert.
O-NIT'ER, n. He who or that which unites.
C'NI-TY (yu'ne-tjr), n. State of being one ; con-
cord ; conjunction; agreement ; uniformity ; union.
O'NI- VALVE, ^ o. Having one valve only, as
C-NI-VALV'U-LAB, $ a shell or a pericarp.
U'NI- VALVE, n. A shell having one valve only.
U-NI-VER'SAL, o. Comprehending the whole; all;
total ; comprising all the particulars, as universal
kinds ; general, which see.
U-NI-VER'SAL-I$M, n. The belief that all men
will be saved or made happy in a future life.
C-NI-VER'SAL-IST, n. An adherent to Univer-
salism. ["whole.
U-NI-VER-SAL1-TY, n. State of extending to the
0-NI-VER'SAL-LY, ad. With extension to the
whole.
(T'NI-VEBSE, n. The whole system of created
things.
0-NI-VER'SI-TY, n. An assemblage of colleges. A
university is properly a school in which are taught
all branches of learning, with power to confer
honorary dignities or titles, called degrees.
0-NlV'O-AL (yu-mVo-kai;, a. Having one mean-
ing only ; having unison of sounds ; certain ;
Sirsuing one tenor.
IVO-GAL-LY, ad. With one sense only.
U-NIV-O-OA'TION, n. Agreement of name and
meaning.
UN-JOINT', v. t. To disjoint.
UN-JO^'OUS, a. Not joyous, gay, or cheerful.
UN-JUST', a. Contrary to justice ; inequitable ;
acting contrary to the standard of right estab-
lished by divine law ; contrary to right.
UN- JUS'TI-FI-A-BLE, a. Not to be j ustified.
UN-JUS'TI-FI-A-BLY, ad. So as not to be vindi-
cated.
UN-JUSTLY, ad. With injustice ; wrongfully.
shelter ; to release from a kennel.
UN-KEPT', o. Not kept or retained; not observed.
UN-KIND', a. Not kind; not obliging; not bene-
volent ; unnatural ; not favourable.
UN-KlND'LI-NESS, n. Unfavourableness.
UN-KIND'LY, ad. With unkindness; in a manner
contrary to nature; a. unnatural; unfavourable.
UN-KIND'NESS. n. Want of kindness; want of
natural affection ; disobliging treatment.
UN -KMT' (-alt'), v. t. To separate what is knit ;
to open ; to loose work that is knit or knotted.
UN -KNOT' (-n5tO, v. t. To free from knots ; to
untie.
UN-KNOWN' (-none'), o. Not known; not dis-
covered ; greater than is imagined ; not having
communication.
UN-LA'BOUR#D, a. Not produced by effort;
spontaneous ; easy ; natural.
UN-LACE', v. t. To loose from fastening by a cord
passing through holes and loops ; to loose a
woman's dress ; to divest of ornaments.
UN-LADE', v. t. To discharge of a cargo; to re-
move, as a load or bur den.
UN-LAID' (-lade'), o. Not placed or fixed ; not al-
layed; not pacified; not suppressed.
UN-LA-MNT'ED, o. Not lamented; whose losa
is not deplored.
UN-LATCH', v. t. To loose from a latch.
UN-LAWFUL, a. Not lawful ; illegal.
UN-LAW'FUL-LY, ad. In violation of law; ille-
gally ; illegitimately ; not in wedlock.
UN-LAW'FUL-NESS, n. Contrariety to law ; ille-
gitimacy.
UN-LEARN' (-lernO, . t. To forget what has been
learned.
UN-LEARN'ED, a. Ignorant; illiterate; not in-
structed : not suitable to a learned man.
UN-LEAVENED, a. Not raised by leaven.
UN-LESS', con. If not; supposing that not. STIC.
Except. Except and unless were formerly con-
founded, as 4< I will not let thee go except thou
bless me." In present usage, except has alwayg
reference to some general fact to which the
speaker takes an " exception," as " none can enter
except by permission." Unless (Saxon onlesan, to
unloose or set aside) has reference to some result
as affected by our setting aside some specified con-
dition, as " Unless we eat, we shall die."
UN-LET'TER^D (-let'terd), o. Not lettered; un-
learned.
UN-Ll'CENS^D (-ll'senst), o. Having no licence j
not having permission by authority.
UN-L1CKD' (-Iflcf), o. Not licked; shapeless;
not formed to smoothness.
UN-LIGHT'ED, a. Not lighted ; not kindled.
UN-LI KE', a. Not like; dissimilar ; having no re-
semblance: unlikely. [cess.
UN-LIKE'LY, a. Not likely ; not promising suc-
UN-LIKE'NESS, n. Want of resemblance.
UN-LlM'BER, v. t. In military language, to free
from the limbers, as to unlimber the guns.
UN-LlM'IT-ED, a. Having no bounds ; undefined ;
indefinite ; unrestrained.
UN-LINKED, a. Untwisted; opened.
UN-LIQ'UI-DA-TED (-lik'we-), a. Not liquidated
or settled ; unpaid.
UN-LOAD, v. t. To disburden of a load ; to re-
lieve from any thing burdensome.
UN- LOCK', v. t. To unfasten what is locked ; to
explain.
UN -LOOSE', v. t. To set free.
UN-LOVE'LI-NESS (-luv'l!-),n. Want of amiable-
UN-LOVE'LY (-luv'ly), a. Not amiable; not lovely.
UN-LUCK'I-LY, ad. With ill luck ; by ill fortune.
UN-LUCK'I-NESS, n. A state of misfortune ; mis-
chievousness.
UN-LUCK'Y, a. Not successful; unhappy; mis-
chievous ; ill-omened.
UN-MADE', a. Not made or formed; omitted M
be made.
4U7
UXP
o6v, WQLF, B?OK; KULB, BULL ; vl"cious.
L'N-MAKE', v. t. To deprive of form; to deprive of
qualities before possc.-
\ L'LE-A-BLE, a. Not capable of being ex-
tended by beating.
U X-.M AN', r. t. To deprive of rational powers or of
strength and courage ; to deprive of men ; to dis-
people ; to deprive of virility.
'X-MAN'AGE-A-BLE, a. Not manageable; not
ily restrained ; not easily wielded.
UN MAN'LlKE, 7 a. Unsuitable to a man ; effemi-
: \N'LY, j nate; not worthy of a noble
mind ; base ; ungenerous ; cowardly.
UN-MAN'LI-NESS, n. State of being unmanly;
effeminacy.
L'X-MAN'NERED (-m&n'nerd), a. Without good
manners ; rude ; uncivil.
UN-MAN'NER-LI-NESS, n. Want of manners.
UN-MAN'NER-LY, a. Ill bred; uncivil; not ac-
cording to good manners ; ad. uncivilly.
UN-MANT'LED, a. Not furnished with a mantle.
UN-MAR'RIED (-mar rid), a. Not married ; single.
UN-MAR'RY, v. I. To free from the marriage re-
lation.
UN-MASK', v. t. To remove a disguise from; to
lay open what is concealed from view.
UN-MEAN'ING, a. Having no meaning; not ex-
pressive ; not indicating intelligence.
UN-MEANT (un-menf), a. Not intended.
UN-MEAS'UR.ED (-mezh'urd), a. Not measured;
immense; plentiful.
rX-MED'I-TA-TED, a. Not meditated.
UN- .\L KET, a. Not fit or becoming.
UN-MEET'LY, ad. Not properly ; not fitly.
UX-ME-LO'DI-OUS, a. Not melodious; harsh.
UN-MER'!AN-T1LE (13), o. Not according to the
rules of trade.
UN-MfiR'CHANT-A-BLE, a. Not fit for the market.
UN-MER'CI-FUL, a. Having no mercy ; cruel ; in-
human to such beings as are in one's power. SY;N.
Merciless ; hard-hearted ; unsparing.
UX-^1ER'CI-FUL-LY, ad. Without mercy or ten-
derness.
. KR'CI-FUL-NESS, n. Want of compassion
;ind tenderness ; cruelty in the exercise of power.
DN-MER'IT-ED, a. Not deserved; unjust; cruel.
UX-MLND'FUL, a. Not considerate or heedful ; re-
gardless, as unmindful of laws.
UN-Mi ND'FUL-LY, ad. In a careless manner;
heedlessly."
UN-MI ND'FUL-NESS, n. Want of consideration ;
heedlessness : negligence.
UN-Mi.N'GL.'.D (niiug'gld), a. Not mixed; not
alloyed.
UN-MIN-IS-T.LR'1-AL, a. Not ministerial; anti-
ministerial.
I N-MIT'I-GA-BLE, a. Not capable of mitigation.
UN-MlT'1-GA-TED, a. Not lessened; not allevi-
ated ; not softened in severity or harshness.
UN-M1XT' '} (un-mlk&t'), a. Not mixed; pure.
UN-MO-LE'ST'ED, a. Free from disturbance ; not
disturbed.
UN-MON'EY.ED (-mxin'id), a. Not having money.
UN-MOOR', v. t. To loose from anchorage.
UN-MO V#D' fmoovd'), a. Remaining fixed; un-
affected ; not affected ; not having the passions
excited.
UN-MOVING, a. Not moving; not affecting.
U X - M U F'FLE, v. t. To remove a covering from.
UX-MCK'M UJMNG, a. Not complaining.
UN-MC'afI-AL, a. Not harmonious; harsh; not
pleasing to the ear ; not melodious.
UX-MUZ'ZLE, v. t. To loose from a muzzle.
UN-NAT'0-RAL (-nat'yu-ral), a. Contrary to na-
ture ; acting without the affections of our com-
mon nature ; affected. S FACTITIOUS.
UN-NAT'0-RAX-IZE, v. t. To divest of natural
feelings.
JN-NAT'C-RAL-LY, ud. In opposition to natural
feelings and sentiments.
U N'-X AT'0-HAL-NESS, n. Contrariety to nature.
UN-NAVI-GA-BLE, a. Not navigable. 82
asK; &asj; susz; cuassHj IHIS.
UX-NEC'ES-SA-RI-LY, ad. Without necessity.
UX-NEC'ES-SA-RY, a. Not required by the circum-
stances ; needless.
UN-NEIGH'BOUR-LY (un-na'bour-ly), o. Not be-
coming a neighbour ; not kind and friendly.
UN-NERVE', v. t. To deprive of nerve, strength, or
viirour ; to weaken ; to enfeeble.
UN-NOT'ED, a. .Not noted; not observed; not
honoured ; not regarded.
UN-NOTICED (-no'tist), a. Not observed or re-
garded ; not treated with the usual marks of re-
spect ; not kindly and hospitably entertained.
.M'BERED (-num'berd), a. Not enumerated.
UX-OB-JE'TION-A-BLE, a. Not liable to objec-
tion ; that can not be condemned as faulty.
UN-0-HLIG'ING, a. Notobli-in-; disobliging.
UN-OB-LIT'EH-A-TED,a. Not blotted out or erased.
UN-OB-SE'QUI-OUS, a. Not servilely submissive.
UN-OB-&EKVA-BLE, a. That is not observable ;
not discoverable.
I.'N-OB-SERV'ANT, a. Not attentive ; regardless.
UN-OB-SEllV'ING, a, Not taking notice ; heedless.
l'N-OB-STRCT'ED, o. Not obstructed or hin-
dered ; not filled with impediments.
UN-OB-STRUT'1VE, a. Not raising obstacles.
UN-OB-TAIN'A-BLE, a. Not to be reached or pro-
cured.
UN-OB-TRU'SlVE, a. Not forward; modest.
UN-OC'-eO-Pl^D (-SkTra-pIde), a. Not possessed ;
not employed ; being at leisure.
UN-OF-FEXD 1XG, a. Not giving offence.
UN-OF-FFCIAL (-of-fish'al), a. Not official or
authorized.
UN-OF-Fr'CIOUS, (-ftsh'us), a. Not officious.
UN-OTEND. a. Shut or sealed.
UN-OR'GAN-IZED (-Izd), a. Not having organic
structure or vessels.
UN-O-R1G'I-NAL, a. No*. original; derived.
UN-ORTHO-DOX, a. Not holding correct opinions
or doctrines.
UN-OS-TEN-TA'TIOUS (-shus), a. Not making a
showy display ; not boastful; modest.
UN-OWN-EIX (-6nd'), % o. Not avowed; having no
owner ; not claimed.
UN-PACK', v. t. To open, as things packed.
UN-PAID', a. Not paid ; remaining due. Unpaid
for, not paid for ; taken on credit.
UX-1'AL'A-TA-BLE, a. That is not relished; dis-
gusting to the taste ; disagreeable.
UN-PAR'AL-LELED (-leld), a. Having no equal or
parallel ; unmatched ; unequalled.
U X -PAU'DON-A-BLE, a. That can not be pardoned
or remitted.
UN-PAR'DON-A-BLY, ad. Beyond forgiveness.
UN-PAR-LIA-MENT'A-RY, a. Contrary to the rules
or usages of legislative bodies.
UN-PA-TRI-OT'I-e, a. Destitute of patriotism.
UN-PEACE'FUL, a. Unquiet ; not pacific, [tants
UN-PEO'PLE (un-pe'pl), v. t. To deprive of iuhabi-
UN-PER-FORMED' (-formd'), o. Not done or ful-
filled ; not accomplished.
UN-PER-SUAD'A-BLE, a. That can not be per-
suaded or influenced by motives urged.
UN-PER-VERT'ED, a. Not perverted or corrupted;
not wrested or turned to a wrong sense or use
UN-PHIL-0-SOPH'I, f o. Not according to
UN-PHIL-0-SOPH'ie-ALJ the rules or princi-
ples of philosophy ; contrary to philosophy or
right rules.
UN-PIRCD' (-peersf), a. Not perforated ; not
penetrated.
UN-PlL'LOW-ED (-prllode), a. Wanting a pillow ;
having no support for the head.
UN-PlN', v. t. To open what is pinned ; to unfasten
what is held together by pins.
UN-PlT'LED (-plt'id), a. Not pitied; not lamented
not regarded with sympathetic sorrow.
UN-PlTI-FUL, a. Having no compassion : not ex-
citing pity.
U N -PlT'Y-ING, a. Not having compassion
UN-PLANTED, a. Not planted or set; of spon-
taneous growth.
UXP
493
UXR
I, S, &c., long. I, fc, &c,, short. CAKE, FAB, LisT,
UN-PLEA$'ANT (-plgz'ant), a. Disagreeable ; not
affording pleasure.
UN-PLA$'ANT-LY (-plcz'ant-ly), ad. Disagr_e-
ably ; in a manner not pleasing.
UN-PLEAS'ANT-NESS, n. The state or quality of
not giving pleasure.
UN-PLEA$'ING, a. Not pleasing or gratifying.
UN-PLEDGED' (-plgdjd'), a. Not pledged or mort-
UN-PLI'ANT, a. Not easily bending; stiff; not
readily yielding the will ; not compliant.
UN-PLUME', v. t. To strip of plumes ; to degrade.
UN-PO-T'I, la. Not according to poetry or
UN-PO-ET'I-e-AL, S its beauties.
UN-PO-T'I-e-AL-LY, ad. Not according to poetry ;
in a manner unbecoming a poet.
UN-POINT'ED, a. Having no point or sting ; not
having the vowel points and marks.
UN-POL'ISHED (-pol'isht), a. Not polished or
made bright by attrition ; not refined in manners ;
uncivilized; rude.
UN-PO-LITE', a. Wanting politeness; uncivil;
rude; plain.
UN-POLLED', a. Not clipped ; not registered.
UN-POL-LUT'ED, a. Free from defilement ; pure ;
not corrupted ; not defiled.
UN-PGP'U-LAR, a. Not enjoying public favour.
UN-POP-tT-LAR/I-TY, n. Disfavour with the peo-
ple ; not pleasing the people.
UN-PO'TA-BLE, a. Not fit to be drunk.
UN-PRAJT1SED (-prak'tist), a. Not expert by
use; not skilled; not having experience.
UN-PREC'E-DENT-ED, a. Having no precedent ;
not preceded by a like case.
UN-PRfiJ'U-DlCED (-prej'u-dist), a. Free from
undue bias or prepossession ; impartial.
UN-PRE-MED'I-TA-TED, o. Not previously stu-
died ; not previously purposed or intended.
UN-PRE-PARED' (-pard'), a. Not prepared or
furnished by previous measures ; unready.
UN-PRE-POS-SSS'ING, a. Not having a winning
appearance or manners.
UN-PRE-TEND'ING, a. Not making pretensions.
UN-PR1ST'LY, a. Unsuitable to a priest.
UN-PRIN'CI-PLED (-prm'ce-pld), a. Not having
good or settled principles ; having no good moral
principles ; destitute of virtue ; not restrained by
conscience.
UN-PRlNT'ED, a. Not printed or stamped.
UN-PRIZED' (-prizd'), a. Not prized or valued.
UN-PRO-DU TiVE, a. Not productive or fruit-
ful; not making profitable returns for labour; not
producing profit or interest ; not efficient.
UN-PRO-FANED', a. Not violated.
UN-PRO FS'SION-AL (-pro-f5sh'un-al), a. Not
belonging to a profession or calling.
UN-PROF'IT-A-BLE, a. Producing n9 profit or
gain ; not useful to others ; misimproving talents.
UN-PROF'IT-A-BLE-NESS, n. The state of pro-
ducing no profit or good ; uselessness.
UN-PROF'IT-A-BLY, ad. Without profit or use;
without any good effect or advantage.
UN-PRO-HTB'IT-ED, a. Not forbid ; lawful.
UN-PRO-LIF'I!, a. Not prolific; unfruitful; bar-
ren ; not producing in abundance.
UN-PROM'IS-ING, a. Not affording prospect of
success, excellence, or good ; not promising.
UN-PROP', v. t. To remove a prop from; to de-
prive of support.
UN-PRO-Pl"TTOUS (-plsh'us), a. Not favourable;
not disposed to promote ; inauspicious.
UN-PROs'PER-OUS, a. Not successful; unfortu-
nate ; not attended with success.
UN-PRO-TE/TED, a. Not protected or counte-
nanced.
UN-PROVED' (un-proovd'), a. Not proved; not
tried ; not established as true by argument, de-
monstration, or evidence.
UN-PRO-VID'ED, a. Not furnished ; unsupplied.
UN-PRO-VOKED' (-void/), o. Not provoked; not
vexed ; not proceeding from provocation or just
cause.
FALL, WHAT; THjftRE, TfiRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
i UN-PUB'LISHED (-publisht), a. Not published;
I not made known ; secret ; private.
UN-PON'ISHED (-pun'isht), a. Not punished;
suffered to pass without punishment or with im-
punity.
UN-QUAL'I-FIED (-quol'e-flde), a. Not qualified;
unfit ; not having the requisite talents or accom-
plishments ; not having taken the requisite oath ;
not modified or restricted by conditions or excep-
tions.
UN-QUNCH'A-BLE, a. Not to be extinguished ;
that will never be extinguished ; inextinguishable.
UN-QUESTION-A-BLE, a. That is not to be
doubted ; indubitable ; certain.
UN-QUESTION-A-BLY, ad. Beyond all doubt.
UN-QUI'ET, a. Not easy; restless; disturbed by
continual motion ; unsatisfied.
UN-RAN'SOMED (-ran'suind), a. Not ransomed;
not redeemed.
UN-RAVEL, v. t. To disentangle ; to explain ; v. i.
to be unfolded ; to be disentangled.
UN-REACHED' (-reechf), a. Not reached; not
attained to.
UN-READ- (-rt-d'j, a. Not read; not recited; un-
taught; not learned in books.
UN-RE AD'I-NESS (-rcd'e-ness), n. Want of pre-
aration ; want of promptness or dexterity.
-READ'Y (un-rSd'y), a. Not prepared; not
prompt.
UN-RE'AL, a. Not real ; unsubstantial ; vain.
UN-REA'SON-A-BLE, a. Not reasonable ; unjust ;
claiming or insisting on more than is fit ; im-
moderate; exorbitant; irrational.
UN-RA'$ON-A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of not be-
ing reasonable ; inconsistency with reason ; exor-
bitance.
UN-REA'SON-A-BLY, ad. Without reason; im-
moderately ; unjustly ; more than enough.
UN-REAVE', v. t. To remove a rope from a block.
UN-RE-LAIMED' (-klamd'), a. Not reclaimed;
wild ; vicious ; not reformed ; not tamed.
UN-RE-ON-CIL'A-BLE, a. Not reconcilable.
UN-RE-eOV'ER- A-BLE (-kuv'er-), a. That can
not be recovered ; that can not be regained.
UN -RE-DEEM' A-BLE, a. That can not be re-
deemed.
UN-RE-DEEMED', a. Not redeemed or ransomed ;
not paid.
UN-RE-FINED' (-find'), a. Not refined or purified ;
not polished in manners.
UN-RE-FRESHED' (-frSsht'), a. Not refreshed;
not invigorated; not relieved from fatigue.
UN-RE-GARD'ED, a. Not heeded ; neglected.
UN-RE-GARD'FUL, a. Not giving attention;
heedless.
UN-RE-GEN'AR-A-CY, n. State of being unre-
newed.
UN-RE-GN'ER-ATE, a. Not regenerated; not
renewed in heart.
UN-RE-GRET'TED, a. Not lamented.
UN-RECJ'IS-TERED, a. Not recorded.
UN-RE-LAT'ED, a. Not related by blood or affin-
ity ; having no connection with.
UN-RE-LENT'ING, a. Feeling no pity ; cruel ; not
yielding to circumstances ; inflexibly rigid.
UN-RE-ME'DI- A-BLE, a. Admitting of no remedy.
UN-RE-MlT'TED, a. Not remitted; continued;
not having a temporary relaxation ; not relaxed.
UN-RE-M1TTING, a. Not abated or relaxed for a
time ; incessant.
UN-RE-NEWED' (-nude'), a. Not renewed or re-
generated ; not born of the Spirit.
UN-RE-PAID', a. Not compensated; not recom-
pensed.
UN-RE-PIN'ING, a. Not making complaint; not
peevishly murmuring.
UN-RE-PIUEV'A-BLE (-preev'a-bl), a. Not to be
reprieved or respited from death.
UN-RE-PROACH'A-BLE, a. Not reproachable.
UN-RE-PROV A-BLE (-proov'a-bl), a. Not worthy
of reproof.
UN-RE-QUlT' A-BLE, a. Not to be requited.
UXU 499
D6YE, WQLF, BOQK ; BflLE, BJJLL; VfCIOUB.
UN-RE-SENTED, a. Not regarded with anger.
UN-RE-SERVE', n. Freedom of communication;
frankness.
UN-RE-SERVED 7 (-zervd'), a. Not retained; not
reserved ; concealing or withholding nothing.
UN-RE-SERV'ED-LY, ad. With openness and
candour ; without concealment.
UN-RE-SERV'ED-NESS, n. Ingenuous frankness.
UN-RE-SIST'ED (-re-zlst'ed), a. Not opposed or
withstood ; resistless.
UN-RE-Sl STING, a. Not making resistance.
UN-RESTING, a. Continually in motion.
UN-RE-STRAIN'A-BLE, a. Not to be restrained.
UN-RE-STRAINED' (-strand'), a. Not restrain-
ed ; licentious ; loose ; not limited.
UN-RE-STRAINT, n. Freedom from restraint.
UN-RE-STRlT ED, o. Not limited or confined.
UN-RE-TRATED, a. Not withdrawn; unre-
called.
UN-RE- VEALED' (-veeled'), a. Not revealed ; not
disclosed.
UN-RE-VENGED' (vSnjd'), a. Not revenged ; not
vindicated by iust punishment.
UN-RE-VENGE'FUL, a. Not given to revenge.
UN-REVER-END,"a. Not respectful; irreverent,
as an unreuerend tongue.
UN-RE-VERSiy (-versf), a. Not reversed ; not
repealed ; not annulled by a counter decision.
UN-RE-VISED 7 (-vlzd') a. Not reviewed, or cor-
rected.
UN-RE-WARD'ED, a. Not remunerated ; not re-
warded. "
UN-RlD'DLE, r. t. To solve or explain, as to un-
riddle a mystery.
UN-RIG', v. t. To divest of tackle ; to undress.
UN-RIGHTEOUS (un-rl'chus), a. Not conformed
in heart and life to the divine law ; unjust ; con-
trary to law and equity ; evil ; wicked.
UN-RIGHTEOUS-LY, ad. In a wicked manner;
sinfully.
UN-RIGHTEOUS-NESS, n. Injustice; violation
of the divine law.
UN-RIPE', a. Not ripe; immature; not seasona-
ble ; not prepared ; not yet proper.
UN-EIPE'NESS, n. Want of maturity; want of
ripeness, as the unripeness of fruit.
UN-RIS'EN, a. Not risen.
UN -RIVALED (-ri'vald), a. Having no rival or
equal ; peerless.
UN-RIVET, v. t. To loose from a rivet; to un-
fasten.
UN-ROBE', v. t. To strip of robes ; to disrobe.
UN-ROLL', w. t. To open what is rolled ; to dis-
UN-RO-MANTKJ, a. Not romantic ; not fanciful.
UN-ROOF', v. t. To deprive of the roof; to uncover.
UN-ROOT, v. t. or c. i. To tear or be torn up by
the roots. SYN. To extirpate; eradicate.
UN-RUF'FLE, v. i. To cease from commotion.
UN-RUF'FLED (un-ruffld), a. Not agitated; not
disturbed ; calm.
UN-KU'LI-NESS, n. Disregard of restraint ; licen-
tiousness; turbulence.
UN-Et)'LY, a. Disregarding restraint ; disposed
to violate laws. SYN. Ungovernable ; licentious ;
turbulent.
UN-SAD'DLE, v. t. To take a saddle from.
UN-SAFE', a. Not free from danger; hazardous.
UN-SAFE'LY, ad. Not safely ; dangerously ; in a
state exposed to harm and destruction.
UN-SAID', a. Not uttered.
UX-SAL'A-BLE, a. Not finding a quick sale.
UN-SAL'A-BLE-NESS, n. Dullness of sale.
UN-SAN'TI-FIED (-sank'te-f Ide), a. Not sancti-
fied ; not consecrated.
UN-SAN^'TIONED, a. Not approved; not au-
thorized.
UN-SAT-IS FA'TO-RI-LY, ad. So as not to satis-
fy or to frive satisfaction.
UN-SAT-lS-FAt TO-RY, a. Not affording satisfac-
tion ; not convincing the mind ; not giving con-
tent.
UXS
6 as j ; aasz; CH as sn ; THIS.
I UN-SATIS-FI-A-BLE, o. That can not be satis-
I fled.
\ PIS-FIED (-sat'is-fide), a. Not satisfied;
discontented ; not pleased ; not fully paid.
UN-SATIS-FY-ING, a. Not giving satisfaction;
not giving content ; not convincing.
UN-SA'VOK-I-LY, ad. So as to disgust.
U N-S A' VOE- I-NESS, n. A bad taste or smell.
UN-SA'VOU-EY, a. Having no taste or a bad taste ;
insipid; disgustful.
UN-SAY' (un-sa'}, v. t. [pret. and pp. UNSAID.] To
recall what has been said ; to retract.
UN-SATH'ED, a. Uninjured.
UN-SCI-EN-TiF'I!, a. Not according to the prin-
ciples of science ; not versed in science.
UN-SEEENED'(-skreend'),a. Not sheltered ; un-
protected ; not covered ; not sifted.
UN-SCREW (un-skru'), v. t. To loose from fasten-
ing by screws.
UN-SCRIPT'CR-AL (-skrfpt'ynr-al), a. Not agree-
able to Scripture ; not warranted by the authority
of the word of God.
UN-SRU'PU-LOUS, a. Having no scruples.
UN-SEAL', v. t. To open what is sealed ; to remove
or break the seal of.
UN-SEAM', v. t. To rip open.
UN-Si: ARCH' A-BLE, a. That can not be explored
or searched ; inscrutable ; hidden ; mysterious.
UN-SEARCH'A-BLE-NESS (-serch'a-bl-ness), n.
Quality of being unsearchable.
UN-SEA'SON- A-BLE (-se'zn-a-bl), a. Not being in
the proper season or time ; not suited to the time
or occasion ; unfit ; untimely ; late.
UN-SEA'SON-A-BLE-NESS, n. Untimeliness ;
state of being ill timed or out of the itsual time.
UN-SEA'SON-A-BLY (-se'zn-), ad. Not in due sea-
son.
UN-SEA'SONED (-se'znd), a. Not salted; not
dried; not inured; not qualified by use or expe-
rience.
UN-SEAT, v. t. To throw from or deprive of a seat.
UN-SEA'WOR-THY (-see'wur-thy), a. Not fit for a
voyage.
UN-SE-e'OND-ED, a. Not seconded; not sup-
ported ; not exemplified a second time.
UN-SE-TAR'IAN, a. Not sectarian ; not adapted
to promote a sect.
UN-SEE'ING, a. Wanting the faculty of sight.
UN-SEEM'LI-NESS, n. State or quality of uncome-
liuess ; indecorum.
UN-SEEM'LY, a. Not becoming ; improper.
UN-SEEN', a. Not seen; invisible; not discover-
ed ; not discoverable.
UN-SLF'ISH, a. Not selfish; disinterested.
UN-SENT', a. Not sent; not despatched; not
transmitted. Unsent for, not called or invited to
attend. [buried.
UN-SEP'UL-HRED, a. Having no sepulchre; un-
UN-SERV'ICE-A-BLE, a. Not fit for use; not
brintnng advantage, use, profit, or convenience.
UN-SERV'ICE-A-BLE-NESS, n. Unfitness for
use ; quality or state of being useless.
UN-SERV'ICE-A-BLY, ad. Without use.
UN-SETTLE (un-set'tl), r. t. To move or loosen
from a fixed state ; to make uncertain ; to over-
throw. SYN. To disconcert ; discompose ; dis-
place ; remove ; confuse ; disorder.
UN-SETTLE, v. i. To become unfixed.
UN-SETTLED (-sSt'tld), a. Not settled; havin-
no inhabitants ; not having a fixed place of abode ;
not regular; unequal; changeable; turbid; not
ished.
UN-SEX', v. t. To change as to sex; to make
otherwise than the sex commonly is.
UN-SIIACK'LE (-shak'kl), v. t. To loose from
shackles ; to set free from restraint.
UN-SHAD'ED, a. Not shaded; not clouded; not
overspread with clouds or dar 1 ;
UN-SHAK'EN (-shu'kn), a. Not shaken; firm; un-
moved ; not subject to concussion.
UN-SHAP'EN (-sha'pn),o. Not formed; misshapen;
ugly.
UNS
500
UNT
1. fi &c., long. 1, *, &c., hort. CABK, FAB, LiST,
UN-SHARED 7 (-shard'), a. Not shared; not par-
taken of or enjoyed in common.
UN-SHEATHE', v. t. To draw from the sheath.
UN-SHlP', v. t. To take out of a ship or other water
craft ; to remove from the place where it is fixed
or fitted, as to unship the tiller.
UN-SHOD', a. Not having shoes on.
UN-SHRlNK'ING, a. Not shrinking or recoiling;
not withdrawing from danger or toil.
UN-SHOT', a. Not shut; unclosed; open.
UN-SlFT'ED, a. Not separated by a sieve; not
critically examined.
UN-SIGHTLI-NESS, n. Disagreeableness to the
sight ; ugliness.
UN-SIGHTLY (un-sitely), a. Disagreeable to the
sight ; ugly.
U N -SIG'NAL-IZ.ET>, a. Not distinguished.
UN-SIN'NING, a. Having no sin ; perfect.
UN-SIZ'A-BLE, a. Not being of the proper size.
UN-SIZED (-sizd'), a. Not sized ; not stiffened,
as unsized paper.
UN-SKlLLED^(-skfld'), a. Wanting skill or dex-
terity ; wanting practical knowledge.
UN-SKIL'FUL, a. Wanting skill; awkward.
UN-SKI I/FUL-LY, ad. Without dexterity; awk-
wardly ; clumsily. [ledgs.
UN-SKII/FUL-NESS, n. Want of skill or know-
UN-SLACKED' (-slakt'), a. Not saturated with
water, as unslacfced lime.
UN-SLAKED' (-slakf), a. Not quenched, as un-
slafced thirst.
UN-SMOOTH', a. Not smooth or even.
UN-SO'CIA-BLE, a. Not sociable; reserved; not
apt to converse.
UN-SO'CIA-BLY, ad. With reserve.
UN-SO'CIAL (-so'shal), a. Not agreeable in society ;
not adapted to society.
UN-SOIL'ED, a. Not polluted; unstained; not
tainted.
UN-SOLD', o. Not sold ; not transferred for a con-
sideration.
UN-SOL'DIER-LlKE, > , -..% fa. Unbecom-
UN-SOL'DIER-LY, j l-*>ijer-;, ^ ing & soldier>
UN-SO-LIC'IT-ED, a. Not asked or requested.
UN-SOL'ID, a. Not solid ; not firm or well sup-
ported ; not substantial.
UN-SO-PHlSTI-GA-TED, a. Not adulterated;
not counterfeit ; pure.
UN-SOUGHT (un-sawf), a. Not searched for ; had
without searching, as unsought honours.
UN-SOUND 7 , a. Not sound ; defective; not solid ;
not orthodox ; not true ; sophistical.
UN-SOUND'NESS, n. Defectiveness of any kind,
as unsoundness of health, of opinions, &c. ; infir-
mity ; weakness.
UN-SOWN', a. Not scattered in land for seed ; not
Propagated by the scattering of seed.
-SPAR'ING, a. Not sparing; liberal; not mer-
ciful or forgiving.
UN-SPEAK'A-BLE, a. That can not be expressed,
as an unspeakable grief. SYN. Inexpressible; un-
utterable; ineffable.
UN-SPEAK'A-BLY, ad. In a manner or degree not
to be expressed.
UN-SPENT 1 , a. Not spent ; not exhausted.
UN-SPIR'IT-U-AL, a. Not spiritual ; carnal.
UN-SPOT'TED, a. Not spotted ; not stained; pure.
UN-STA'BLE, a. Not firm ; not stable ; fickle ; in-
constant.
UN-S TA'BLE-NESS, n. Want of stability ; unfix-
edness.
UN-STAID 7 , a. Not steady; mutable; fickle; not
settled in judgment ; volatile.
UN-STALD-NESS, n. Unfixed or volatile disposi-
tion; mutability; fickleness.
UN-STAIN'ED, a. Not polluted, tarnished, or
dyed.
UN-STAMPED', a. Not stamped; unmarked offi-
cially.
UN-STATE', w. t. To deprive of state or dignity.
UN-STEAD'FAST (-stSd'fast), a. Not fixed or
firm ; irresolute ; not adhering to a purpose.
ALL, WH4.T ; THBB, T*BM ; MARINE, B!KD ; n5vB,
UN-STEAD'I-LY (-sttd'de-ly), ad. Inconstantly;
with fickleness or variation ; not in the same man*
ner at different times.
UN-STEAD'1-NESS (-sted'de-ness), n. Want of
firmness ; irresolution.
UN-STEADTT (-stfid'dy), a. Not steady; not con-
stant; mutable; changeable.
UN-STlNTED, a. Not stinted; not limited.
UN-STOP', v. t. To take out a stopple; to free from
any obstruction ; to open.
UN-STRA'TI-FIED, a. Not occurring in layers.
UN-STRING, o. t. To relax tension ; to loose or
untie ; to deprive of strings ; to take from a
string.
UN-STttD'IED (-stud'id), a. Not studied or pre-
meditated; not laboured; easy; natural.
UN-SUB-D0Eiy (-sub-dude'), a. Not conquered;
not brought into subjection.
UN-SUB-MlS'SlVE, a. Not submissive ; disobedi-
ent.
UN-SUB-STAN'TIAL, a. Not substantial; not
real ; not having substance.
UN-SUJ-CESS'FUL, a. Not meeting with suc-
cess ; not producing the desired event ; not fortu-
nate.
UN-SU-G-CES'SIVE, a. Not proceeding by a flux of
parts, or by regular succession.
UN-SUITA-BLE, a. Wanting adaptation; unbe-
coming; improper.
UN-SaiT'A-BLE-NESS, n. State or quality of un-
fitness ; incongruity ; impropriety.
UN-SCL'LIED (-sul'lid), a. Not stained; not tar-
nished ; not disgraced ; free from imputation of
evil.
UN-SUNG 7 , a. Not sung ; not recited in song; not
celebrated in verse.
UN-SUP-PLIED (-sup-plied'), a. Not supplied or
furnished with things necessary.
JN-SUP-PORTA-BLE, a. Not to be supported.
UN-SUP-PORTED, a. Unsustained; not main
tained ; not countenanced ; not assisted.
UN-SURE', a. Not sure or certain ; not fixed.
UN-SUR-PASSED' (-past'), a. Not exceeded.
QN-SUS-CEP'TI-BLE, a. Not susceptible; not
capable of admitting or receiving.
UN-SUS-PET'ED, a. Not suspected.
UN-SUS-PE-GT'ING, a. Not suspecting; not im-
agining that any ill is designed; free from sus-
picion.
UN-SUS-Pl"ClOUS (-pfsh'us), a. Not having sus-
picion ; not indulging the imagination of evil in
others ; not to be suspected.
UN-SWAYED 7 (un-swade'), a. Not swayed; not
biased ; not controlled or influenced.
UN-SWEPT', a. Not swept; not cleaned with a
broom.
UN-SWORN', a. Not sworn ; not bound by oath ;
not having taken an oath.
UN-SYM-MET'EI-AL, a. Wanting symmetry or
due proportion of parts ; not having the segments
of the calyx and corolla, and sepals and petals,
and also the stamens regular and similar.
UN-SYS-TEM-AT'I, a. Wanting system ; not
having regular order, distribution, or arrange-
ment of parts.
UN-TAINTED, a. Not tainted ; sweet ; pure ; un-
blemished.
UN-TAM'A-BLE, a. That can not be tamed ; that
can not be reclaimed from a wild state.
UN-TAMED' (-tamd') a. Not domesticated or
tamed ; not made familiar with man.
UN-TAN G 'GLE, v. t. To loose from intricacy.
UN-TAR'NISHED, a. Not soiled or stained ; un-
blemished.
UN-TASTED, a. Not tasted ; not enjoyed.
UN-TAUGHT' (un-tawf), Not learned or in-
structed.
UN-TEACH' v. t. [pret. and pp. UNTAUGHT.] To
cause to forget what has been taught.
UN-TACH'A-BLE, a. That can not be instructed.
UN-TEN'A-BLE, a. Not capable of defence ; that
can not be maintained or supported.
UNT
501
UNW
DOTE, WOLF, BOQK ; BtfLE, B^LL; Vf'CIOUi. 8 as K ; 6 a3 J; 8 83 Z ; CH as Sff ; THIS.
tftf-TEN'ANT-A-BLE, a. Not fit to be inhabited.
lIN-TENDER, a. Wanting tenderness or pity.
UN-TEN T', v. t. To drive from a tent.
(IN-THANKED' (-thankt'}, a. Not repaid by
thanks ; not received with thankfulness.
(JN-THANK'FUL, o. Not grateful; not making
acknowledgments for good received.
UN-THANK'FUL-NESS, n. Neglect of acknowledg-
ment for good received ; ingratitude.
UN-THINK'ING, a. Thoughtless; heedless; in-
considerate, as unthinlrinr} youth.
UN-THOUGHT'FUL (un-thawt'ful), a. Lacking
consideration ; thoughtless.
UN-THREAD' (-thred'), v. t. To draw out a thread
from ; to loose.
CN'THRIFT, n. Want of thrift ; a prodigal ; one
who wastes his estate by extravagance.
UN-THRIFT'I-LY, ad. Without frugality or
thrift.
UN-THRlFT'I-NE3S, n. Want of frugality or
thrift; prodigality; profusion.
UN-THRlFTY, a. Wanting thrift; prodigal; not
thriving ; not gaining property.
UN-THRONE', v. t. To remove from a throne or
from supreme power ; to dethrone.
TJN-TI'DI-NESS, n. Want of neatness.
UN-TI'DY, a. Not tidy ; not neat and snug.
UN-TIE' (-ti'), v. t. To loose, as a knot ; to un-
bind ; to separate something attached.
UX-TIL', prep. To the time that; to the point or
place of; to the degree that ; ad. to the time or
degree that.
UN-TILJED', a. Stripped of tiles.
UN-Tl LLED', a. Not cultivated ; not tilled.
UN-TlME'LY. a. Being out of time; unseason-
able.
UN-TIR'ING, o. Not oecoming tired; indefatig-
able.
UN-TI'TLED (-ti'tld), a. Having no title, as an
untitled tyrant.
ONTO, prep. To, with un [on] which adds nothing
to its signification.
UN -TOLD', a. Not told ; not related or re-
vealed.
UN-TOMB' (un-toom'), v. t. To disinter; to take
from the grave.
UN-TOUCHED' (-tuchf), a. Not touched or hit ;
not moved ; not affected.
UN-TO'WARD, a. Not easily guided or taught ;
froward ; cross ; awkward ; unmanageable ; per-
verse ; ungraceful.
UN-TO'WARD-LY, ad. In a perverse, wayward
manner.
UN-TO'WARD-NESS (-to'ard-ness), n. The state
or quality of perverseness ; frowaruness.
UN-TRACE'A-BLE, a. That can not be traced or
followed.
UN-TRAT'A-BLE, a. Not docile or governable ;
not yielding to discipline ; stubborn.
UN-TRAT'A-BLE-NESS, n. Want of docility or
submission ; refractoriness.
UN-TKAIN.ED' (-trand'), a. Not trained; not in-
structed ; not disciplined ; irregular.
UN-TRANS-FER'A-BLE, a. That can not be
transferred or passed from one to another.
UN-TRANS-LAT'A-BLE, a. Not to be translated.
UN-TKAM'MELED, a. Not shackled; free.
UN-TRAVELLED (-trav'eld), a. Not trodden ; not
having travelled ; never having seen foreign
countries.
UN-TREAD' (-tred'), v. t. To tread back; to go
back in the same steps.
UN-TRENCH'ED, a. Not cut into long hollows or
trenches.
UN-TRIED' (-trideO, a. Not tried or attempted ;
not yet experienced, as untried sufferings.
UN-TKOD', ")a. Not having been trodden or
UN-TROD'D FN, j passed over.
UN-TROCB'L-ED (un-triib'bld), a. Not disturbed ;
not confused ; not agitated.
UN-TKUE', a, Not true; false ; unfaithful ; incon-
stant.
UN-TRU'LY, ad. Not truly ; falsely ; deceitfully;
not according to reality.
UN-TRUTH', n. A falsehood; want of veracity;
false assertion ; contrariety to truth ; a lie, which
see.
UN-T0N'A-BLE (28), a. Not harmonious; un-
musical ; not capable of making music.
UN-TONE', v. t. To put out of tuue ; to disorder.
UN-TO'TOKED (-tu'tord), a. Uninstructed; un-
disciplined ; untaught, as untutored infancy.
UN-TWINE', v. t. To untwist ; to open ; to disen-
tangle.
UN-T WIST', v. t. To separate or turn back what is
twisted.
UN-CS-ffD' (-yuzdO, a. Not used ; not accustomed ;
not employed ; not put to use.
UN-CSE'FUL, a. Serving no good purpose.
UN-D'$U-AL, a. Not common; rare; infrequent.
UN-C'$0-AL-LY, ad. Not commonly.
UN-C'$U-AL-NESS, n. Rareness of occurrence;
infrequency.
UN-UT'T ER-A-BLE, a. That can not be uttered ;
ineffable.
UN-VAIL', v. t. To throw off a vail ; to uncover.
UN-VAL'OED (-val'yude), a. Not valued; not
prized ; inestimable ; not estimated.
UN-VAN'QUISH-A-BLE, a. Not to be conquered.
UN-VA'KI-A-BLE, a. Invariable ; not alterable.
UN-VA'RIED (va'rid), a. Not diversified or varied.
UN-VAR'NISHED (-viir'nisht), a. Not varnished;
not adorned ; not artfully embellished.
UN-VA'RY-ING, a. Not varying; not changing.
UN-VLIL' (-vale'). See UNVAIL.
UN-VI'TIA-TED, a. Not corrupted.
UN-VOTE', v. t. To annul a former vote.
UN-WA'RI-LY, ad. Without due caution; heed-
lessly.
UN-WA'RI-NESS, n. Want of due caution or vigi-
lance ; carelessness ; heedlessness.
UN-WAR'LIKE, a. Not martial ; not fit for war.
UN-WAhND' (-warnd'), a. Not admonished;
not cautioned.
UN-WARP', f. t. To reduce back what is warped.
UN-WAR'RANT-A-BLE, a. Not justifiable.
UN-WAK'RANT-ED (un-wor'rent-ed), a. Not au-
thori_zed; illegal.
UN-WA'RY, a. Not vigilant; not cautious.
UN-WA'RIED (-we'rid), a. Not sinking or tiring
under fatigue ; unfatigued ; indef ativrable.
UN-WEA'RID-LY, ad. Without fatigue.
UN-WA'RY (-wo'ry), v. t. To refresh after weari-
ness.
UN-WEL'-eOME, a. Not welcome; not grateful;
not well received.
UN- WELL', a. Not in good health ; disordered.
UN-WEPT', a. Not lamented; not mourned.
UN-WET', a. Not wet; dry.
UN-WHOLE'S6ME (-hole'sum), a. Not whole-
some or healthy ; insalubrious ; pernicious.
UN-WIELD'I-LY (-weeld'e-ly;, ad. In a heavy, un-
wieldy manner ; unmanageably.
U N-WILD'1-NESS, n. Difficulty of being moved ;
heaviness.
UN-WIELLTT (-weeld'y), a. Heavy; moved with
difficulty.
UN-WILL'ING, a. Not willing; reluctant, as an
unu-illing servant ; loth ; disinclined.
UN-WILL'ING-LY, ad. With reluctance.
UN-WILL'ING-NESS, n. A state of reluctance;
backwardness.
UN-WIND', v. t. [pret. andrpp. UNWOUND.! To wind
off; to untwist; to separate what is wound; r. i.
to admit evolution.
UN-WISE', a. Lacking wisdom ; indiscreet ; im-
prudent ; not dictated by wisdom ; not adapted
to the end.
UN-WISE'LY, ad. With Imprudence; injudici-
ously.
UN-WlT'NESSED (-wlt'nest), a. Not witnessed;
not attested by witnesses ; wanting testimony.
UN-WIT'TING-LY, ai. Without knowledge or
consciousness.
UNW
502
USA
I, S, &c., long. I, B, &c., short. ciBE, FAB, LAST,
UN-WlT'TY, a. Destitute of wit.
UN-WOM'AN-LY, o. Unbecoming a woman.
UN-WONT' (-wunf), a. Not accustomed; unused.
UN-W6NT'ED (-wOnt'ed), a. Not familiar; uncom-
mon ; infrequent ; rare, as unwonted changes.
UN-WONT'ED-NESS (-wunt'ed-ness), n. Want of
familiarity; rareness.
UN-WORN', a. Not worn ; not impaired.
UN-WOR'T HI-LY, (-wQr'the-ly), ad. Not according
to desert; without due regard to merit, as to treat
a man unworthily.
UN- WOR'I HI-NESS, n. Want of worth or merit.
UN- WORTHY (-wur'thy), a. Not deserving, with
of- wanting merit ; worthless ; not suitable ; un-
becoming.
UN- WOUND', a. Wound off; untwisted.
UN-WRAP' (-rap'.), r. t. To open what is wrapped.
UN- WREATHE', v. t. To untwist or untwine.
UN-WR1T'TEN (-rlt'tn), o. Not written; oral;
verbal ; blank ; containing no writing.
UN-WROUGHT' (un-rawf), o. Not wrought or
manufactured.
UN-WRONG 7 , a. Not wrung or pinched.
UN- YIELDING, o. Not pliant; stubborn.
UN-YOKE', v. t. To loose from a yoke; to
part ; to disjoin.
UN-ZONED 7 (-zond'), a. Not bound with a
girdle, or zone.
DP, ad. Aloft ; out of bed ; above the horizon.
UP, prep. From a lower to a higher place.
O'PAS, n. An East Indian tree whose secretions
are poisonous.
UP-BEAR', v. t. [pret. UPBORE ; pp. UPBOENB.] To
raise aloft ; to lift ; to sustain.
UP-BRAID 7 , v. t. To charge with something wrong
or disgraceful; to reprove with severity. SYN.
To reproach ; blame; censure; condemn.
UP-BRAID'ER, n. One who reproaches.
UP-BRAIDING, n. A charging with something
wrong or disgraceful ; the reproaches or accusa-
tions of conscience.
UP-BRAID'ING-LY, ad. With reproach.
UP')AST, a. Thrown upward ; cast up ; n. a throw
or cast at bowls.
UP-HEAV'AL, n. A lifting up from beneath.
UP-HEAVE' (-heev'), v. t. To heave up from be-
neath.
UP'HILL, o. Difficult, like the act of ascending a
hill ; laborious, as uphill work.
UP-HOLD', v. t. [pret. and pp. UPHELD.] To lift on
high; to keep from falling or slipping; to sup-
port in any state ; to maintain.
UP-HOLD'ER, n. One who sustains ; a support-
er ; an undertaker j one who provides for fune-
rals.
UP-HOL'STER-ER, . One who supplies beds,
curtains, carpets, &c.
UP-HOL'STER-Y, n. Furniture, &c., furnished by
upholsterers.
UP'LAND, n. High land, as opposed to the mar-
gins of the sea and rivers, meadow and swamp.
UP'LAND, a. Higher ; pertaining to high lands.
UP-LIFT', t\ t. To raise aloft ; to elevate, as to
uplift the arm.
UP-ON', prep. Resting on; near to ; in. On is often
used by modern writers, instead of upon, at a sa-
crifice of strength and perspicuity.
UP'PER, a., comp. from UP. Higher in place ; su-
perior.
UP'PER-HAND, n. Ascendancy or superiority.
UPPER-MOST, a. Highest in place or rank.
UPPER-WORKS, 7i. pi. The parts above water,
when a ship is properly trimmed.
UP-RAISE' (-raze'), v. t. To raise or exalt ; to lift
UP-REAR', v. t. To rear up ; to raise.
UPRIGHT (up'rlte), a. Perpendicular to the plane
of the horizon ; erect ; adhering to justice and
truth ; just ; honest.
UP'RIGHT (-rite), n. Something erect; an eleva-
tion.
UP'RIQHT-LY, ad. With honesty and integrity.
n. A description of the
FALL, WHAT; THBBE, TBBM; MABINE, uiBD;
UPRIGHT-NESS, n. Perpendicularity of erection}
integrity in principle or practice; honesty
probity.
UP-RISE', w. i. [pret. UPBOSE ; pp. UPKISEN.] To
rise from a bed or seat ; to ascend; to mount up-
ward.
tTP'ROAR, n. Great noise and tumult ; clamour.
UP-ROAR'IOUS, a. Accompanied by great noise
and confusion.
UP-KOOT', v. t. To tear up by the roots; to ex-
tirpate.
UP-ROUSE' (-rouz'), v. t. To rouse from sleep ; to
awake.
UP'SET, n. An overthrow; an overturn, as ol a
carriage.
UP-SET', v. t. To overturn, as a carriage.
UP'SHOT, 7i. Final issue ; conclusion ; event, as the
upshot of the matter.
UP-SIDE-DOWN', ad. The upper part undermost.
UP-SPR1NG', v. i. To spring up.
UP-STAND>. i. To stand erect.
UP-START', v. i. To spring up suddenly.
UP'START, n. One who suddenly rises to wealth,
power, or honour ; a parvenue.
UP-TURN',u. t. To turn up ; to furrow, as to upturn
the ground in furrowing.
UP' WARD, a. Directed higher ; ascending.
UPWARD, ad. Toward a higher place.
UP-WIND', v. t. To wind up.
U-RA'NI-UM, 7i. A metal of a reddish-brown colour,
having a metallic lustre.
U-RAN-OG'RA-PHy,
heavens.
U-RAN-OL'0-GY, n. A discourse or treatise on the
heavens.
C'RA-NUS, n. The planet formerly called
Herschel, and Georgium Sidus.
UR-BANE', a. Courteous in manners ; polite.
UR-BAN'I-TY, n. Polished manners. SYN. Po-
liteness ; suavity ; courtesy ; affability.
CFR'CHIN, n. A name given to the hedgehog ; a
name given to a child.
U-RE'TER, 71. The urinary tube.
C-RE'THRA, n. The canal by which the urine is
conducted from the bladder and discharged.
U-RE'THRAL a. Relating to the urethra.
URGE, v. t. To apply force in almost any manner ;
to press with eagerness ; to provoke. SYN. To
incite; impel; solicit; importune; instigate;
stimulate.
UR'GEN-CY, 7i. A pressure of necessity ; impor-
tunity ; earnest solicitation.
UR'GENT, a. Pressing with importunity; diffi-
cult; earnest.
UR'GENT-LY, ad. With earnestness ; vehemently.
U'RIM. See THUMMIM.
U'RIN-AL, n. A vessel for urine.
U'RIN-A-RY, a. Pertaining to urine.
U'RIN-ATE, v. i. To discharge urine.
U'RIN-A-TIVE, a. Provoking urine.
U'RIN-A-TOR, n. A diver ; one who plunges and
sinks in water in search of something, as for
pearls.
U'RINE (yu'rin), n; A fluid secreted by the kid-
neys.
U'RlNE, v. i. To discharge urine.
U'RIN-OUS, a. Partaking of or like urine.
URN, n. A vessel of a roundish form, largest in
the middle ; a kind of _vase for water or ashes of
the dead.
U-RO$'O-PY, n. The judgment of diseases by
the inspection of urine.
UR'SA, 7i. The bear, a constellation, near the
north pole.
UR'SI-FORM, a. Like a bear in shape.
UR'SlNE, a. Pertaining to bears.
OR'SU-LlNE, a. Denoting an order of nuns who
observe the rule of St. Ursula.
U'RUS, n. The wild bull.
JS, pron. Objective case of WE.
U'SA-BLE, a. That may be used.
U'SAGE (yu'zaje), n. Established use or practice,
USA
503
DOVE, WOLF, BC-OK; RtlLE, BLL ; Vl"CIOU8
as the usages of society ; treatment of others;
SYN. Custom. Custom is the frequent repetition
of the same act either by one or many ; usage im-
plies practice which is so fully established as to
have decisive authority: Hence we speak of
usage (not custom) as the law of language.
3'$ANCE (yu'zance), n. Use or proper employ-
ment; interest of money; time given for pay-
ment of bills of exchange.
CSE (yuce), n. Act of handling or employing;
employment ; utility ; practice ; custom ; inter-
est.
CSE (yuze), v. t. To apply to some valuable ser-
vice ; to consume; to render familiar. SYN. To
employ. We use a thing when we derive from it
some enjoyment or service ; we employ it when
we turn that service into a particular channel ; we
use words to express our general meaning;
>ii>loy certain technical terms in reference to
a given subject.
CSE'FUL (yuce'-), a. Producing or having power
to produce good ; profitable ; serviceable.
CSE With profit or advant;.
CSE'F III. -NESS, n. Conduciveness to some end,
properly to a valuable end; profitableness; util-
ity, which see.
CSE'LESS, o. Having no use ; unserviceable ; an-
swering no valuable purpose or not the end pro-
posed. SYN. Fruitless ; ineffectual. We speak
of an attempt, &c., as useless when there are in it
inherent difficulties which forbid the hope of suc-
cess ; &s fruitless when it fails, not from any such
difficulties, but from some unexpected hindrance
or calamity arising to frustrate it. It is useless
to attempt any thing without adequate means ;
and even when we do possess them, our efforts
are often fruitless. Ineffectual nearly resembles
fruitless, but implies a failure of a less hopeless
character, as, "After several ineffectual efforts, I
at last succeeded."
OSE'LESS-LY, ad. Without profit or advantage.
CSE'LESS-NESS, n. Unserviceableness ; unfitness
for any valuable purpose.
: It (yu'zer), n. One who uses or employs.
CSH'ER, n. An under-teacher or assistant to the
preceptor of a school ; an introducer.
CSH ER, r. t. To introduce, as a forerunner or
harbinger: to forerun.
CS'QUE-BAUGH, n. Literally, water of life ; a com-
pouin [drit.
CS'TION (iist'yun), n. Act of burning; state of
being burned.
\ L (yu'zhu-al), a. Such as occurs in ordinary
practice; customary; frequent; common.
A!.>-LY (yu'zhu al-ly), ad. According to cus-
tom ; commonly.
C-SU-AP"TION (yu-su-kiip'shun), n. In the civil
law, acquisition of a title or right to property by
undisputed possession for a certain time.
C'SU-FRUT, n. Temporary use and enjoyment
of lands or tenements.
C-SU-FRUT'C-A-KY (yu-su-frttkt'yii-a-ry), n. One
who has temporary use.
: i:R (yu'zhu-rer), n. Formerly, a person who
lent money and took interest for it ; in present
usage, one who lends money at a rate of interest
beyond that established by 1
r-OUS (yu-zu're-us), a. Partaking of usury ;
practising r.
0-80RP (yu-zxlrp'), r. t. To seize and hold posses-
sion by wrong, as to usurp a throne. [sion.
0-SUR-PA'TION, n. Illegal seizure and posses-
!''ET? (vu-zftrp'er), n. One who seizes or oc-
cupies the property of another without right.
C-SCRP'ING-LY, ad. By usurpation ; without
just right or claim.
RY (yu'zhu-ry) , n . Ulcsral interest.
D-TEN'SIL, n. An instrument or vessel used in
the business of life.
O'TER-lNE, a. Pertaining to the womb. Uterine
brother or sister is one born of the same mother
by a different father.
VAC
sasK; liasj; sasz; Cuassii; THIS.
U'TI-LE, n. [L.] Something useful.
C-TIL-I-TA'RI-AN, a. Consisting in or pertaining
to utility; n. one who considers utility the end or
purpose of moral virtue.
C-TIL-I-TA'RI-AN-ISM 5 n. The doctrine that
utility is the end of life and morals.
C-TlL'I-TY, n. Production of good; profitable-
ness to some valuable end. SYN. Usefulness.
Usefulness is Saxon, and utility is Latin ; and hence
the former is used chiefly of things in the concrete,
while the latter is employed more in a general and
abstract sense. Thus we speak of the utility of an
invention , and the use/ulnss of the thing invented ;
of the utility of an institution, and the usefulness
of an individual. So "beauty and utility" (not
usefulness] are brought into comparison. Still,
the words are, in many cases, uaed interchange-
ably.
CiyMOST, a. Being extreme; greatest; highest;
n. the most that can be.
C-TO'PI-A, n. A term invented by Sir Thomas
More, from the Greek outopos, no place, and ap-
plied to an imaginary isle which ho represents as
enjoying the greatest perfection in politics, laws,
&c. ; hence, a state of ideal perfection.
C-TOTI-AN, a. Ideal; chimerical; fanciful.
C'TRI-LE (yu'tre-kl), n. A little bag or bladder;
a cell.
CT'TER, a. On the outside or remote from the
centre; extreme; excessive; complete; entire.
OTTER, v. t. To express in language ; to speak ;
to publish abroad ; to put in circulation.
CT'TER-A-BLE, a. That may be expressed.
CT'TER-ANCE, n. The act of uttering words ; pro-
nun ciation ; expression .
CT'TER-ER, n. One who pronounces or sends
forth.
CTTER-LY, ad. To the full extent ; totally ; com-
UT'TER-MOST, a. Most remote; being in the
furthest, greatest, or highest degree.
OTTER-MOST, n. The greatest degree. To ike
uttermost, in the most extensive degree.
O'VA, n. [L.] A grape.
C'VE-OUS, a. Resembling a grape.
C'VU-LA, n. [L.] A soft, round, spongy body, sus-
pended from the palate over the glottis.
UX-0'RI-OUS, a. Submissively fond of a wife.
UX-0'RI-OUS-LY, ad. With silly fondness for a
UX-0'RI-OUS-NESS, n. Connubial dotage ; foolish
fondness for a wife.
V.
T7 is the twenty-second letter of our Alphabet, and
v is a labial articulation. It is nearly allied to F,
being formed by the same organs of speech ; but
V is vocal, or flat, and F is aspirate, or sharp. V
was formerly confounded with U, and hence the
vowel sound of u and the consonant sound of v
were both represented by the same character ; of
which confusion we have still evidence in the
form and name W, which, although double v in
shape, is yet called double u. The following line
illustrates this practice :
" For euery purpose vsing reasons fit."
About the beginning of the 16th century, however,
they began to be distinguished in printing; but
still they may be found indiscriminately
buted in dictionaries. It was not till the
ning of the present century that the practice
ceased in schools of teaching the tyro to say
i-otrel u and vau u, as the distinguishing names of
u and v. As a numeral, V represents jive, either
from its resemblance to the out-spread hand, or to
the line drawn diagonally through four n :
keeping a tally ; with a lino over it, thus v, it
repesents 5000. It has but one sound, as in the
words vain, vote, village.
VA'-G AN-CY, n. An empty space ; a chasm ; desti-
tution of an incumbent ; leisure.
VAC
504
VAN
I, , Ac., long. I, S, &c., short. CARB, FAR, LAST,
VA'-G ANT, o. Not filled up ; unoccupied, as vacant
moments; devoid of thought, as a vacant mind, a
vacant stare. SYN. Empty. A thing is empty
when there is nothing in it, as an empty room ;
and vacant when it had been ether previously
filled or intended to be filled, as a racant seat, a
vacant space between houses, vacant hours, &c.
When we speak of a vacant look or a vacant mind,
we imply that the thought naturally to be expect-
ed has vacated its proper place or office.
VA'!ATE, v. t. To make vacant or empty; to quit
possession of; to withdraw from.
VA-GA'TION, n. Intermission of business or
study.
VA-6'CIN-ATE (vak'sin-ate), v. t. To inoculate
with cow-pox.
VA5-CIN-A'TION (vak-sin-a'shun), n. Act of ino-
culating with cow-pox.
VA'C1NE or VA'ClNE, a. Pertaining to or de-
rived from cows.
VAC'IL-LAN-CY, n. A state of wavering.
VAC'IL-LATE (vas'-), v. i. To move one way and
another ; to waver ; to reel ; to fluctuate, which
see.
VAC'IL-LA-TING, a. Inclined to fluctuate; un-
steady.
VAC-IL-LA'TION, n. A moving to and fro un-
steadily ; a staggering or fluctuation.
VA--6U'I-TY, n. Emptiness ; space void of mat-
ter.
VA'0-OTJS, a. Empty; void; unfilled.
VA-e'0-UM, n. A space empty of all matter.
VA-DE-HE'CUM, n. [L.] Literally, go with me
applied to a book, &c., which a person carries
with him as a constant companion.
VAG'A-BOND, n. One who wanders from place to
place, having no certain dwelling; a. moving
troni place to place, without any settled habita-
tion.
VAG'A-BOND-ISM, n. State of idle wandering.
VAG'A-BOND-RY, n. A state of wandering.
VA-GA'RY, n. ; pi. VA-GA'BIES. A wild freak; a
whim ; a wandering of the thoughts ; whimsical
V AG'I-NAL (vaj'-), or VA-GI'NAL o. Pertaining to
a sheath.
VA'GRAN-CY, n. A state of wandering without
any settled home.
VA'GRANT, a. Wandering from place to place;
moving without any certain direction.
VA'GRANT, n. An idle wanderer ; a vagabond.
VA'GRANT-LY, ad. In a wandering manner.
VAGUE, a. Proceeding from no known authority ;
undetermined ; loose ; unsettled ; indefinite.
VAIL (vale), n. A covering to conceal; a piece of
thin cloth or stuff, used by females to hide their
faces ; a mask. Fails, money given to servants.
VAIL, v. t. To cover, as the face ; to conceal; to
mask.
VAIN, a. Having no subsistence, value, or import-
ance, as a vain distinction ; without effect, as a
fain attempt ; elated by little things or by ap-
plause ; not satisfying. SYN. Empty.
VAIN-GLO'RI-OUS, o. Vain to excess.
VAIN-GLO'RY, n. Empty pride ; vanity.
VAIN'LY, ad. Without effect ; with empty pride.
VAlN'NESS, n. The state of being vain; ineffect-
ualness.
VAL'ANCE, n. Fringes of drapery round abed,
or window ; . t. to adorn with valance.
VA! -=s A low ground between hills ; a valley.
Vi'-* r sI)l;'TION, n. A bidding farewell ; a fare-
VAL-E-DI-TO'RIAN, n. The student of a collejre
who pronounces the valedictory oration on com-
mencement day.
VAL-E-Dl'TO-RY, a. Bidding farewell; n. a
^U address or oration, spoken at commence-
T"- 1 * in American Colleges.
"7AL ^-71 NE, n. A sweetheart chosen or a letter
~int by one young person to another o "^aleu-
<jo' s day.
A wall or a trench for de-
low ; glen.
VAL'LUM, n. [L.]
fence.
VAL'OUR, n. Strength of mint in regard to dan-
ger, or that quality which enables a man firmly
to encounter it. STN. Bravery ; courage ; prow-
ess ; boldness; fearlessness; heroism, which see.
VAL'OUR-OTJS, a. Evincing bravery or courage.
VAL'OUR-OUS-LY, ad. With bravery ; heroically.
VAL'0-A-BLE (val'yu-a-bl), o. Having value or
worth; deserving" esteem. STN. Costly; pre-
cious ; estimable ; worthy.
VAL-U-A'TION, n. Act of assessing the value ; ap-
praisement ; value set upon a thing.
VAL'0-A-TOR, n. One who values ; an appraiser.
VAL'OE, n. That in a thing which makes it use-
ful or estimable ; the rate of worth or amount of
price of a commodity; high rate of estimation ;
efficacy in producing effects ; precise signification.
SYN. Worth; price; rate; importance; import.
VAL'OE, v. i. To estimate the worth ; to rate at a
high price ; to hold in respect ; to take account
of ; to reckon and estimate ; to consider with re-
spect to importance. SYN. To compute; rate;
esteem; regard; respect; prize.
VAL'tJE-LESS, a. Being of no worth.
VALV'ATE, a. Having or resembling a valve.
VALVE, n. A folding door; a lid or cover, so formed
as to open a communication in one direction and
close it in another ; one of the pieces or divisions
in certain shells.
VA.LV'0-LAR, a. Containing valves.
VAMP, n. The upper leather of a boot or shoe.
VAMP, v. t. To mend ; to piece an old thing.
VAMP'S R, n. One who pieces an old thing with
something new.
VAM'PlRE, n. A species of large bat ; in mytho-
logy, an imaginary demon supposed to suck blood.
VAMTlR-ISM, n. The actions of a vampire; the
practice of blood-sucking; figuratively used for
extortion.
VAN, n. Front of an army ; a fan for winnowing
grain; a wing with which the air is beaten, as
FALL, WHAT; THRE, T^RM; MARINE, BIRD ; M5vz,
VAL'EN-TlNE'S DAY, n. A day sacred to St. Val.
entine, the 14th of February.
VA-LE'RI-AN, n. A plant whose root has a strong
smell, attractive to cats and rats, and used in
medicine.
VAL'ET (val'et or val-la'), n. A servant who at-
tends on a gentleman's person.
VAL'ETDE CHAMBRE (valla de sham'br). [Fr.]
A footman.
VAL-E-TU-DI-NA'RI-AN, o. Being sickly or in-
firm ; seeking health ; n. a person of an infirm,
sickly constitution, or in a weak state.
VAL-E-TD'DI-NA-RY, a. Sickly ; weak ; infirm.
VAL-HAL'LA, n. In Scandinavian mythology, the
palace of immortality, inhabited by the souls of
heroes slain in battle.
VAL'IANT (val'yant), a. Vigorous in body; intre-
pid in danger; performed with valour. SYN.
Stout ; bold ; brave ; courageous.
VAL'IANT-LY, ad. With personal strength;
bravely; boldly; heroically.
VAL'ID, a. Having strength; founded in truth;
executed with the proper formalities ; good iii
law. SYN. Sound; firm; efficacious ; just;
weighty; sufficient.
VA L'ID-ATE, v. t. To render valid ; to bestow va-
lidity.
VA-LlDI-TY, ) n. Legal force ; state of being
VAL'ID-NESS, J valid; strength to convince.
STN. t Justness ; firmness; sufficiency; weight;
certainty ; soundness.
VAL'ID-LY, ad. With legal strength or force.
VA-LlSE' (-leece'), n. A leather sack or case for
clothing.
VAL-LA'TION, n. A rampart for defence.
VAL'LEY, n. ; pi. VAL'LEYS. A low place between
hills ; a low, extended plain washed by a river ;
the internal angle formed by two sides of an in-
clined roof. SYN. Vale; dale; dell; dingle; hol-
VAX
505
VAS
DOVE. WQLF, BO<?K ; KffLE, BPLLJ Vl"dOUS
the sail of a wind-mill, &c. ; a large covered wag-
gon for carrying goods, &c.
VAN-eOU'RI-ERS (-koo're-erz), n. In armies,
light-armed soldiers sent before to beat the road
upon the approach of an enemy; precursors.
VAN'DAL, n. The name of one of the most barbar-
ous of the northern nations of Europe, noted for
destroying all monuments of literature and arts ;
hence, one of great ignorance, ferocity, and bar-
barism.
VAN-DAL'I, a. Pertaining to the Vandals. SYN.
Ferocious ; rude ; barbarous.
VAN'DAL-ISM, n. Ferocious cruelty and indiscri-
minate destruction of lives and property; hos-
tility to the arts and literature.
VAN-DYKE', n. A small round handkerchief for
the neck, worn by females.
VANE, n. A plate or slip of metal, &c., that turns
and shows the direction of the wind.
VAN 'GUARD, n. The troops in front of an array ;
the first line.
VA-NlL'LA, n. A tree with its fruit, remarkable
for its fragrance, used in confectionery, &c.
V.\N ISH, v. i. To pass from a visible to an invisible
state, or beyond the limits of vision; to pass
away ; to be lost ; to disappear.
VAN'ISH, n. A sound that gradually becomes
weaker till it ceases wholly.
VAX'ISH-ING-POINT, n. In perspective, the point
to which all parallel lines in the same plane tend
in the representation.
VA N'1-TY, n. Want of substance to satisfy desire ;
fruitless desire or trifling; labour void of use; un-
substantial enjoyment; empty elation arising
from over-conceit. SYN. Self-conceit ; emptiness ;
ostentation ; arrogance ; pride, which see.
VAN'QUISH (vSnk'wish), n. A disease in sheep, in
which they piiie away.
VAN'QUISH, r. t. To subdue in battle; to defeat
in auy contest ; to refute in argument. SYN. To
overcome ; confute ; silence ; conquer, which see.
VAN'QUISH-A-BLE, a. That may be conquered.
VAN'QUISH-ER, n. One who conquers.
VAN'TAGK, n. State in which one has better
means of action or defence than another; supe-
riority.
VANTAGE-GROUND, n. Superiority of state or
place.
VAPID, a. Having lost its life and spirit ; spirit-
less ; dead ; unanimated.
VA-Plm-TY, ) n. The state of having lost life or
VAP'ID-NESS, j spirit ; want of life or spirit.
VA'POUR, n. An invisible elastic fluid rendered
aeriform by heat ; a visible fluid floating in the
atmosphere or substance resembling smoke ; vain
imagination ; unreal fancy ; in the plural, vapours
a disease of nervous debility, in which strange
images float in the brain as if real ; something un-
substantial or transitory.
VA'POUR, v. i. To pass off in fumes ; to evaporate
or be exhaled; to boast or vaunt ostentatiously;
to bully.
VAP-OUR-A-BlLI-TY, n. Quality of being vapour-
able.
VA1"OUR-A-T'.LE, a. That may be converted into
vapour by the agency of heat.
VAP'0-RATE. v. t. To emit vapour ; to evaporate.
VAI'-O-RA'TION, n. Act of converting into vapour
or of passing off in vapour.
VA'POR BATH, n. A bath of vapour.
VA'POR-EK, n. One who makes a boasting dis-
play ; a braggart.
VAP-O-RlF're, a. Converting into vapour.
VA'POR- ING-LY, ad. Like a boaster or swaggerer.
VA'POR-ISH, a. Full of vapours ; affected by hys-
terics or spleen. SYU. Hypochondriac; splenetic;
peevish ; humorsoine.
VAP-O-RI-ZA'ilON, n. Artificial formation of
vapour.
VAP'OR-IZE, v. t. or v. i. To convert into vapour
by the application of heat or artificial means ; to
pass off in vapour.
as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CH as SH j THIS.
VA'POR-OUS, > a. Full of vapours; proceeding
VA'POR- Y, j from the vapours. SYN. Flatu-
lent ; splenetic ; spleeny ; vain ; windy.
VA-RI-A-BIL'I-TY, ") n. Liableness or aptness to
VA'RI-A-BLE-NESS, / change ; inconstancy ; un-
steadiness; leviti'.
VA'RI-A-BLE, a. Susceptible of change ; that may
alter; liable to change. SYN. Changeable; in-
constant; mutable; fickle; unsteady.
VA'RI-A-BLE, n. In mathematics, a quantity in a
state of continual increase or decrease.
VA'RI-A-BLY. ad. In a changeable manner ; incon-
stantly.
VA'RI-ANCE, n. Any alteration or change of con-
dition ; difference that produces dispute, &c.;
disagreement ; dissension, or controversy.
VA'RI-ANT, a. Different ; diverse.
VA-RI-A'TION, n. A partial change in the form,
position, state, or qualities of the same thing ;
change from one to another ; in grammar, change
of termination of nouns and adjectives as case,
number, &c. ; in astronomy, the inequality of the
moon's motion depending on its angular distance
from the sun ; in geography and navigation, the
deviation of the needle from the true north point;
in music, different manner of singing or playing
the same air or tune; calculus o/ variations, a branch
of mathematics for solving questions respecting
mmtma and maxima. SYN. Change; difference;
turn ; vicissitude ; variety.
VAR'I-GOSE, a. Preternaturally enlarged, applied
only to veins.
VA'RIE-GATE, v. t. To diversify externally; to
mark with different colours. SYN. To vary;
streak ; stripe ; checker ; dapple.
VA'RIE-GA-TOK, n. One who produces variety.
VA-RIE-GA'TION, n. Act of diversifying; di-
versity of colours.
VA-RI'E-TY, n. A succession or intermixture of
different things ; many, and of different kinds ;
change ; difference. SYN. Diversity. A man has
a variety of employments when he does many
things which are not a mere repetition of the same
act ; he has a diversity of employments when the
several acts performed are wholly unlike each
other, i. e. diverse. In most cases where there is
variety there will be more or less of diversify, but
not always. One who sells railway tickets per-
forms a great variety of acts in a day, while there
is but little diversity iu his employment.
VA'RI-O-LOID, n. A disease like the small-pox.
VA-RI'O-LOUS, a. Pertaining to the small-pox ;
pitted, as in the small-pox.
VA'RI-O'RUM, [L.l A name given to books con-
taining notes by different commentators.
VA'RI-OUS, a. Unlike each other; different;
changeable ; diverse ; unfixed.
VA'RI-OUS-LY, ad. In different ways; with change.
VAR'LET, n. A servant ; a scoundrel or rascal.
VAR'LET-RY, n. The crowd; the rabble
VAR'NISH, n. A viscid glossy liquid ; an artificial
covering to give a fair appearance to any act or
conduct.
VAR'NISH, v. t. To lay varnish on ; to give a fair
external appearance or colouring to ; to gloss or
palliate.
VAR'NISH-ER, n. One who lays on varnish ; one
who disguises or palliates.
VAR-NISH-ING, n. The art or style of varnish-
ing ; also the coating applied.
VA'RY, . t. To alter in form, appearance, posi-
tion, &c. ; to diversify.
VA'RY, v. i. To be altered in any manner ; to suf-
fer a partial change ; to differ or be different.
VAS'-eU-LAU, a. Pertaining to the vessels of ani-
mal or vegetable bodies ; consisting of or full of
vessels, as veins.
VAS-U-LAR'I-TY, n. State of being full of ves-
sels.
VASE, n. A vessel for domestic use, or the repre-
sentation of one in architecture ; a solid piece of
ornamental marble.
VAS 506 VEN
I, . &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST, FALL, WHAT, TH&RE, TBUM; MARINE, B!RD; MOVE
VAS'SAL, n. One who holds land of a superior
and owes fealty to him ; a slave.
VAS'SAL, v. t. To enslave ; to subject to control.
VAS'SAL-AGE, n. Slavery; bondage; political
servitude; dependence; subjection.
VAST (6), a. Being of wide extent; great in bulk,
in numbers, force, or importance. SYN. Enor-
Sous; huge; immense; mighty.
3T, n. An empty waste.
VAS-TA'TION, n. Act of laying waste.
VAST'LY, ad. Greatly ; to an immense degree.
VAST'NESS, n. Immense extent or magnitude;
immense importance ; immensity.
VAST'Y, o. Being of great extent ; very spacious.
VAT, n. A large vessel or cistern for holding
liquors.
VAT'I-AN, n. A palace of the Pope, on the Vati-
can Hill, adjoining the Church of St. Peter's in
Rome.
VAT'I-ClDE, n. The murderer of a prophet.
VA-TIC'I-NAL (-tls'e-nal), a. Containing pro-
phecy.
VA-TIC'I-NATE, v. i. To prophesy; to foretell; to
practise prediction.
VA-TIC-I-NA'TION, n. Prediction; prophecy.
VAUDE'VIL (vode'vil), n. [JPr.] A species ot
light satirical song; a short comic piece with
such songs for the theatre.
VAU-DOIS (vo-dwa,) n. Inhabitants of the valleys
of Piedmont, celebrated for maintaining the pu-
rity of primitive Christianity.
VAULT, n. A continued arch; a cellar; cavern;
place fer the dead ; leap of a horse, &c.
'?.
VAULT, v, t. or v. i. To arch or cover over with a
vault ; to leap ; to exhibit feats of leaping, tum-
bling &c.
VAULT'ER, n. A leaper ; one that vaults.
VAUNT (vant), v. i. or v. t. To make a vain dis-
play of one's worth or attainments; to boast of ;
to talk with vain ostentation. SYN. To boast;
VAUNT, n. Vain boast ; a vain display of what
one is, or has, or has done.
VAUNT'ER, n. A vain boaster ; a braggart.
VAUNT'ING, n. Vainglorious boasting. SYN.
Vain-glory ; ostentation ; parade ; boasting.
VAUNT'ING-LY, ad. With vain ostentation.
VEAL, n. The flesh of a calf killed for the table.
VJE'DA (ve'dii), n.; pi. VE'DAS. The body of Hin-
doo sacred writings.
VE-DE TTE', n. A sentinel on horseback stationed
to watch an enemy.
VEER, v. i. or v. t. To turn ; to change direction ;
wear is the word now used in ships.
VEER'ING, n. The act of changing direction.
VEG'E-TA-BLE, n. A plant, especially such as
is used for food of men or cattle, &c. ; an organ-
ized body, destitute of sense and voluntary mo-
tion.
VEG'E-TA-BLE, o. Belonging to or consisting of
sation, like a plant; hence, merely to live, as to
vegetate in the country.
VEG-E-TA'TION, n. Growth, as of plants ; vege-
tables or plants in general.
VEG'E-TA-TlVE, a. Growing; having the power
of growth.
VE'HE-MEKCE, ) . Great force, or force de-
V'HE-MEN-CY, T rived from velocity; violent
ardour ; animated fervour. SYN. Passion ; heat ;
impetuosity; violence; eagerness.
VE'HE-MENT.a. Acting with great force or vio-
lence; very forcible. SYN. Furious; earnest;
ardent; eager. See EXCESSIVE.
V'HE-MENT-LY, ad. With violence ; furiously.
V'IJI-LE, n. That in which any thing is or may
be carried or taken ; a carriage.
VE-HI'0-LAR, a. Pertaining to a vehicle.
VEIL (vale), n. Something to intercept the view
and hide an object ; a thin covering for the face,
&c. ; a disguise. SYN. A mask ; cloak ; blind |
cover ; curtain. See VAIL.
VEIL (vale), v. t. To cover with a veil ; to con-
ceal. SYN. To hide; disguise; mask; blind;
cover. See VAIL.
VEIN (vane), n. A vessel which returns the blood
to the heart from the arteries ; a crack or fissure
in a rock filled up with a seam of metal or other
substance, intersecting, not parallel with the
strata ; a streak or wave of a different colour in
wood, marble, and other stones ; current ; turn
of mind ; cast or disposition of genius.
VEINED (vand), a. Full of veins; variegated;
having vessels branching over the surface, as a
leaf.
VEIN'ING (van'ing), n. Work formed as if in
veins.
VEIN'LESS (vaneless), a. Having no veins.
VEIN'Y (va'ny), a. Full of veins, as veiny marble.
VEL'LI-dATE, v. i. To twitch or cause to twitch
convulsively ; to stimulate.
VEL-LI-GA'TION, n. Act ot twitching; convul-
sive motion of a muscular fibre.
VEL'LUM, n. A species of fine parchment.
VEL'LUM-POST, n. A superior thick kind of
writing paper.
VE-LOC'I-PEVE (ve-ISs'-), n. [L.] A carriage con-
sisting of two wheels, one before the other, sup-
porting a beam, on which the rider sits, and pro-
pels the vehicle, by striking the ground with the
tips of his toes.
VE-LpC'I-TY (ve-los'e-ty), n. A moving with great
rapidity ; in -natural philosophy, that affection of
motion by which a body moves over a certain
space in a given time. SYN. Swiftness ; celerity
fleetness; speed. The velocity of the wind; th
rapidity of a stream ; the .fleetness of a horse ; the
relocity not celerity of a ball; the celerity of the osi
trich.
VEL'VET, n. A silk stuff, with a short, shaggy, and
fine nap.
VfiL'VET, -)
$
a. Made of velvet ;like velvet ; soft;
VfiL'VET- Y, $ smooth.
VEL-VET-EEN', n. Cloth in imitation of velvet.
VE'NAL, o. That may be bought or obtained for
money ; set to sale ; purchased. SYV. Mercenary.
One is mercenary who is either actually a hire-
ling, as mercenary soldiers, or is governed by a
sordid love of gain ; hence, we speak of -mercenary
motives. Fenal goes further, and supposes an ac-
tual purc7iase, which places a person or thing
wholly in the power of the purchaser, as a enal
fress.
NAL, a. Pertaining to veins.
VE-NAL'I-TY, n. The state of being influenced by
money; prostitution of talents, offices, &c., for
reward or money.
VEN'A-RY, a. Relating to hunting.
VEND, v. t. To sell ; to transfer a thing and the
exclusive possession of it to another for a pecuni-
ary equivalent. [sold.
VEND-EE', n. The person to whom a thing is
VEND'ER,) n. A seller; one who transfers the
VEND'OR.f exclusive right to a thing.
VEND'1-BLE, a. That may be sold; saleable.
VEND'I-BLE-NESS, } n. The quality of being
VEND-I-B1LT-TY, ) vendible or saleable.
VEN-DUE' (2S) (ven-du'), n. Auction ; public sale
to the highest bidder.
VEN-DCE'-MAS-TER, n. An auctioneer.
VE-NEER', v. t. To lay or overlay with thin leaves
of a fine or superior wood.
VE-NEER', n. A thin leaf of a superior wood for
overlaying an inferior kind.
VE-NEER'ING, n. The act or art of overlaying a
coarse or inferior wood with thin leaves of supe-
rior wood ; the covering so laid on.
VEN-E-Fl"CIAL (-ftsh'al), a. Acting by poison.
VEN'E-MOUS. See VENOMOUS.
VEN'ER-A-BLE, a. Worthy of reverence or ren-
dered sacred by religious associations, or as con-
secrated to God ; to be regarded with awe.
YEN
507
VER
D6VE, WIJLF, B9QK ; B^LE, B^IX 5 VICIOUS
VEN'ER-A-BLY, ad. So as to excite reverence.
VEN'ER-ATE, v. t. To regard with reverence; to
revere.
VEN-ER-A'TION, n. The highest degree of rev-
erence ; respect mingled with some degree of
awe.
VEN'ER-A-TOR, n. One who exercises or shows
reverence.
VE-NE'RE-AL, o. Pertaining to sexual inter-
course.
VE-NE'RE-OUS, a. Lustful ; libidinous.
VEVER-Y, n. The pleasure of sexual commerce ;
act or exercise of hunting ; sports of the chase.
VE-NE-STION, n. Act of opening a vein to let
blood ; blood-letting ; phlebotomy.
VE-NE'TIAN, a. Belonging to Venice ; n. a native
of Venice ; the language of Venice.
VE-NE'TIAN BLIND, n. A blind formed of flat
slips of wood, so arranged as to admit of being
placed either edgewise or overlapping.
VENGE'ANCE (vSnj'ance), n. Infliction of pain in
return for an injury ; severe punishment.
VfiNGE'FUL, a. Disposed to revenge; desiring
vengeance. SYN. Vindictive; revengeful; re-
tributive.
VE'XI-AL, a. That may be forgiven or allowed to
pass without censure ; pardonable ; excusable.
VE'NI-AL-NESS, n. State of being excusable.
VE-NI'RE FA'CI-AS, \ [L.] A writ for summoning
VE-NI'RE, 5 a person or jury.
Vf:NI-$ON (vSn'e-zn or ve"n'zn), n. The flesh of a
deer.
VEN'OM, n. Poison or matter injurious to life;
figuratively, that which poisons or embitters the
feelings. SYN. Spite; malignity; hatred; hate;
malice. See POISON.
VEN'OM-OUS, a. Poisonous ; noxious to animal
life; full of malignity. SYN. Mischievous ; malici-
ous ; malignant ; spiteful.
VEN'OM-OUS-LY, ad. Poisonously; with malig-
nity.
VEN'OM-OUS-NESS, n. Noxiousness to life ; spite-
fulness ; malignity.
VEN'OUS, o. Contained in or pertaining to a vein
or veins.
VENT, 7i. A small aperture, hole, or passage for a
fluid ; the opening in a cannon by which fire is
communicated to a charge ; passage from secrecy
to notice ; escape from confinement ; utterance ;
discharge ; to gire rent to, to pour or let out.
YIN I', v. t. To let out or suffer to escape ; to utter.
VNTI-DU'T, n. A passage for air or wind; a
subterraneous passage for ventilating apartments.
VENTI-LATE, v. t. To fan ; to expose to air ; to
cause air to pass through ; to discuss openly.
VN-TI-LA'TION, n. Act of fanning or exposing to
air.
VENTI-LA-TOR, n. An instrument to expel foul
air and introduce pure air ; also applied to a con-
trivance for curing smoky chimneys.
VENTRAL, a. Belonging to the belly.
VN'TRI-'LE (ven'tre-kl), n. A cavity in an
animal body, especially applied to certain cavities
in the heart and brain.
VEN-TRl'C-LAR, a. Pertaining to a ventricle.
VEN-TRlL'O-QUI*M,)u. The art or practice of
VEN-TJJlLO-QUY, $ speaking so that the
voice seems to come not from the person, but
from a distance; literally, speaking from the
belly.
VEN-TRlL'O-QUIST, n. One who practises ven-
triloquism.
VEN-TRIL'0-QUOUS, a. Pertaining to ventrilo-
quism.
VENT'ORE (vSnt'yur), v. i. or v. t. To have courage
or presumption to do, undertake, or say ; to run
a hazard or risk ; to put or send on a venture or
chance. STN. To dare; hazard; risk; expose.
VENT'ORE (v5nt'yur), n. An undertaking of
chance or danger ; a risking ; thing hazarded.
At a venture, at hazard; without foreseeing the
issue.
-e as K ; 6 as j ; s as z ; CnassH; THIS.
VftNT CR-ER (vent'yur-er), n. One who puts to
hazard.
. ilE-SO^IE,-)o. Ready to dare or risk.
VENTOR-OU3, $ SYN. Bold; daring; fearless;
adventurous.
VfiNT'CR-OUS-LY, ad. As exhibiting a fearless
spirit. SYN. Daringly; byldly; fearlessly; in-
trepidly.
VENT'CT-ROUS-NESS, n. The state or quality of
being bold and fearless. SYN. Hardihood ; fearless-
ness ; intrepidity.
VEN'OE (vtfn'yu), n. A near place or neighbour-
hood ; the place where an action, in laic, is laid.
VE'NUS, n. The goddess of love and beauty; a
planet or star of brilliant splendour.
VE-RA'CIOJS (-ra'shus), a. Observant of truth;
habitually disposed to speak the truth.
VE-RAC'I-TY, n. Habitual observance of truth;
invariable expression of truth. SYN. Truth ; in-
tegrity ; probity.
VE-RAN'DA , a. An open portico.
VE-RA'TRlNE.^n. A vegetable alkaloid used in
VE-RA'TRI-A, $ medicine.
VERB (13), n. laterally, a word; grammatically, the
principal word of a sentence ; a part of speech
expressing being, doing, suffering, or a request or
command.
VfiR'BAL, a. Oral; uttered by the mouth; per-
taining to verbs ; consisting in verbs ; minutely
exact in words ; literal.
VftR'BAL, n A noun derived from a verb.
VER'BAL-ISM, n. Something expressed orally.
VER'BAL-LY, ad. Orally ; by word of mouth.
VER-BA'TIM, ad. [/>.] Word for word ; literally.
VER-BE'NA, n. Vervain; a genus of plants, one
species of which is cultivated for its fragrance,
the other for its flowers.
VER-BER-A'TION, n. Act Of beating; blows.
VER'BI-AGE, n. Superabundance of words.
VER-BOSE', a. Abounding in words ; prolix.
VER-BOS'I-TY, ) n. The use of many words
VER-BOSE'NESSJ without necessity; verbi-
age.
VEli'DAX-CY, n. The quality of being fresh or of
luxuriant growth ; state of being very green in
knowledge, i. e., foolish.
VR'DANT, a. Green ; fresh ; covered with grow-
ing plants ; flourishing ; green in knowledge ;
foolish ; easily over-reached.
VERD-AN-T1QUE' (verd-an-teekO, n. A term given
to a green incrustation on ancient coins, brass or
copper ; a species of green marble.
VKKDKK-EK, n. An officer of the king's forests.
VER'DLGT, n. The decision or answer of a jury in
a case submitted to them ; judgment.
VER'DI-GRIS (ver'de-grese), n. Rust of copper;
cetate of copper.
VER'DI-TER, n. A blue pigment ; an azure blue
mineral.
VERD'OKE (verd'yur), n. Greenness ; green ;
freshness of vegetation.
VERD'CR-OUS, a. Green; covered with green.
VERGE, u. A rod or wand ; an emblem of author-
ity ; the extreme side or end of a thing of seine
extent ; the outside of a border ; the spindle of
the balance of a timepiece. SYN. Border ; brink ;
edge ; rim ; brim ; margin.
VKKi'iE, v. i. To bend downward. SYN. To slope ;
tend ; incline ; approach.
VfiR'GER, n. An officer who carries a mace before
the clergy, or a wand before the judges.
VER'I-FI-A-BLE, a. That may be proved or con-
firmed.
VER'1-UND, a. Bashful ; modest.
VER-I-FI-A'TION, n. Act of proving to be
true.
VER'I-FI-ER, n. One that verifies.
VR'I-FY, v. t. To prove to be true ; to fulfil, as a
promise ; to confirm or establish.
VER'I-LY, ad. In truth ; in fact ; with great con-
fidence. STN. Really; truly; certainly; confi-
dently; amen.
VER
508
VE3
I, fl, &c., lonj. I, *, <fcc., short. CARE, FAB. LAST
VER-I-SlM'I-LAR, o. Having the appearance o
truth ; probable ; likely.
VER-I-Sl-MlL'I-TCDE, n. The appearance o
truth ; probability ; likelihood.
VKR'I-TA-HLE, a. Agreeable to fact; true.
VKR'I-TA-BLY, ad. According to truth.
VKR'I-TY, n. Conformity to facts; agreement o
the words with the thoughts ; a true assertion o]
tenet. SYN. Truth; certainty; reality; assur
ance, &c.
VER'JtflCE (-juce), n. A liquor pressed from
wild apples, sour grapes, &c.
TER'MES, n. pi. [L.] Worms.
VER-MI-CEL'LI (ver-me-chCl'e), n. pi. [It.] Little
rolls of paste in cookery having the appearance
of worms.
VER-MI"CEOUS (-mtsh'us), a. Eclating to worms
wormy.
VER-MIC'0-LAR, o. Like a worm or its motion
spiral.
VER-Ml'tNLATE, v. t. To form work by inlay
ing, resembling the motion or the tracks oi
worms.
VER-MIC-U-LATION, n. The act or operation o
moving in the form of a worm ; the act of form
ing so as to resemble the motion of a worm.
VER'MI-OLE, n. A little worm or grub.
VE R-Mie'0-LOUS, a. Full of worms or like them
VER'MI-FORM (13), a. Having the shape of a
worm.
VER'MI-FtTGE, n. A medicine to expel worms
VERMIL'ION (-mtt'yun), n. Cochineal ; red sul-
phuret of mercury ; any beautiful red colour.
VEii-MlL'ION (-mll'yun), v. t. To dye or tinge with
delicate red.
VER'MIN (13), n. Sing, and pi. All sorts of small
destructive or annoying animals ; used of human
beings by way of contempt.
VER-A1 1-NA'TION, n. The breeding of vermin ; a
gripinor of the bowels.
VER MIN-OUS, a. Tending to breed vermin.
VER-MI P'A-RO US, a. Producing worms.
VER-MIV'O-ROUS, o. Feeding on worms.
VER-NA'tT-LAR, a. Native; belonging to the
country of one's birth ; belonging to the person
by birth or nature.
VER-NA-6'C-LAR-ISM, n. A vernacular idiom.
VER'NAL (13), a. Of or belonging to the spring ;
appearing in spring; belonging to youth, the
spring of life.
VER-NA'TION, n. The peculiar disposition of
nascent leaves within the leaf-bud.
VER'NIER, n. A contrivance or scale attached to
an astronomical instrument for measuring parts
of its smallest divisions.
VE-RON'I-!A, n. A portrait or representation of
our Saviour on handkerchiefs ; a genus of plants ;
speedwell.
VR'RU-OUS, a. Having little knobs or warts
on the surface j warty.
VER'SA-TlLE, a. Turning round; liable to be
turned in opinion ; turning with ease from one
thing to another. SYN. Variable; changeable;
unsteady; fickle.
VER'SA-TlLE-NESS^n. The quality of being
VER-SA-T1L'I-TY, j versatile; readiness to be
turned ; the faculty of easily turning one's mind
to new subjects, &c. ; aptness to change. SYN.
Variablenes ; changeableuess ; fickleness.
VERSE, (13) n. In poetry, a line consisting of a cer-
tain number of long and short syllables or mea-
sures; popularly, a stanza; in prose, a short di-
vision of a composition ; a piece of poetry ; metri-
cal language.
VERSE, v. t. To tell in verse ; to relate poetically.
To be versed in, to be skilled in or acquainted
with.
VERS'ER, n. A maker of verses ; a versifier.
VER'SI'-G^L-OUR, ")o. Having various colours;
Vf:R'Sl-OL-OUR.ED, j changeable in colour.
VER-Sl!'Q-LAR, o. Pertaining to or designating
, FALL, WHAT ; TH^RE, TiRM; MARINE, BIRD; MOVE,
VER-SI-FI-A"TION, n. The act, art, or practice
gf composing poetic verse.
H'SI-FI-ER (13), n. One who composes verses.
VER'SI-FF, v. i. or v. t. To make verses ; to turn
into verse ; to relate or describe in verse.
VER'SION (ver-shun), n. Act of translating;
translation, or any thing rendered into another
language or form of expression.
VERST, n. A Russian lineal measure, containing
3500 feet, or about two thirds of an English
VER'SUS, [L.] Against.
VtiR'SOTE, a. Crafty ; wily.
VfiRT, n. Whatever is green ; a green colour.
VER'TE-BRA, n. ; pi. VKR'TE-BRJB. A joint of the
spine or back-bone of an animal.
VER'TE-BRAL, a. Pertaining to the joints of the
spine ; having a back-bone or spinal joints.
VERTE-BRATE, n. An animal having a spine with
joints.
VERTEX, n ; pi. VER'TI-CES. \L.~] The crown of
the head ; the top of a hill or other thing ; the
point of a cone, pyramid, or angle ; in astronomy,
the zenith.
VER'TI-AL, o. Being in the zenith, or perpendi-
cularly over head; being in a position perpen-
dicular to the plane of the horizon ; a vertical sec-
tion in a plan, &c., is one drawn through the ob-
ject from top to botton, or a perpendicular one.
VERTI-AL-LY, ad. In the zenith; perpendicu-
larly.
VERTI-GAL-NESS, n. State of being vertical.
VERT'I-CIL, n. A little whorl; a ring of organs
surrounding a stem upon the same plane.
VER-TiCTL-LATE, a. Growing in a whorl, or
round the stem in rings.
VER-TIC'I-TY (-tts'e-ty), n. Power of turniu?;
rotation ; that property of a loadstone by which
it turns to some particular point.
VER-TlG'I-NOUS, n. Giddy ; turning round ; af-
fected with the vertigo ; rotary.
VER-TlG'I- NOUS-NESS, n. Giddiness ; a sense of
whirling ; unsteadiness.
VER-TI'GO or VERTI-GO, n. ; pi. VER-TIG I-NES
Dizziness ; swimming of the head.
VERTAIN, n. See VERBENA.
VER'Y, a. True; real; identical.
VfiR'Y, ad. In a great or high degree.
VES'I-ANT, n. A blistering application.
VES'I-ATE, v. t. To blister ; to raise little blad-
ders on the skin.
7ES-I- A'TION, n. The process of raising blisters.
VES'I-GA-TO-RY, n. A blistering plaster.
VES'I-GLE (ves'e-kl), n. A little bladder on the
skin filled with some humour ; any small mem-
branous cavity in animals or vegetables.
VE-Sle'0-LAR, ^a. Consisting of vesicles ; hol-
VE-Sl'0-LOUS, 5 low ; full of interstices ; hav-
ing little bladders or glands on the surface.
VE-S1'CJ-LATE, a. Full of little bladders.
VES'PER, n. [Z,.] The evening star ; Venus ; also
the evening.
ESTERS, n. pi. The evening service in the Ro-
mish Church.
VES'PER-TIME, a. Pertaining to the evening;
happening or being in the evening.
VES'SEL, n. A cask or utensil for liquors; a
structure made to float on the water for the pur-
poses of commerce and war, as ships of every
kind ; a tube for conveying liquids in the human
system or in plants.
fEST, n. An under-garment, particularly a waist-
coat ; the garment worn immediately under a
coat,
VEST, v. t. or v. i. To clothe ; to cover ; to des-
cend to ; to convert into another substance or
species of property. To vest with, to clothe ; to
furnish with ; to invest with. To uest in, to put
in possession of ; to furnish with ; to clothe with.
ES'TAL, a. Pertaining to Vesta, the goddess of
fire; pure; chaste.
VESTAL, n. A virgin consecrated to Vesta.
VES
609
VIC
D6VB, WQLF, BO<?K ; Btf LE, BTTLI, ; Vf'CIOUS
VESTED, o. Not in a state of contingency, as
vested rights.
VES'TI-A-KY, n. A wardrobe.
VESTI-HGLE, n. Properly, a small apartment
immediately within the door of a building. SYN.
Hall; passage. A vestibule (from uestis, a gar-
ment) means literally a cloak-room ; a hall is the
first large apartment beyond the vestibule, and
is generally square or oblong ; while a long nar-
row space, giving entrance to several apartments,
is called a passage, and not a hall, as in Ame-
rica.
VES'TIGE (ves'tij), n. laterally, the track or re-
mains of something preceding, as the vestiges of
ancient times. SYN. Trace. Vestige (Latin, ves-
tigium) is literally a foot-print; a trace (Latin,
trado from tralio) is something drawn out in a
line. "Festige, therefore, always supposes some-
thing left behind, while a trace is a mere indication
that something has been present or is present, as
traces of former population, a trace of poison in a
given substance.
VEST'ING, n. A cloth for vests; vest patterns.
VESTMENT, n. A garment ; part of dress.
VES'TRY, n. Originally a room for vestments in a
church ; hence, a room for extra meetings ; in the
.Episcopal Church, a committee which manages the
temporal concerns of a parish.
VEST'GRE (vast'y.ur), n. A garment or articles
worn, SYN. Robe; apparel; habit; dress; cloth-
ing.
VE-SGTI-AN, a. Pertaining to Vesuvius ; n. an-
other name for idocrase, because first observed in
Vesuvian lavas.
VETCH, n. A leguminous plant, some species of
which are much used for feeding cattle.
VETCH'LING, n. Diminutive vetch.
VET'ER-AN, a. Long exercised or practised.
VET'ER-AN, n. One long exercised; an old sol-
dier or one who is old in experience.
VE-TEK-I-NA'RI-AN, n. One skilled in diseases of
cattle, &c.
VT'ER-I-NA-RY, o. Pertaining to the art of
healing the diseases of domestic animals .
VE'TO, v. t. To withhold assent from a bill for a
law, and thus prevent its enactment ; to inter-
pose a veto.
VE'TO, n. ; pi. VK'TOES (ve'tuze). The power of
negativing a bill by the executive after it has
passed the legislative branch of government ; the
exercise of this power or a forbidding ; prohibi-
tion.
VET-TU-RI'NO, n. [It.] One who carries persons
in a vettura, or four-wheeled carriage, for a given
price.
VEX, v. t. To make angry or uneasy by little pro-
vocations ; to harass or torment by more serious
evils. STN. To plague; to provoke ; disquiet;
irritate ; trouble ; to tease, which see.
VEX-A'TION, n. Act of irritating ; state of being
irritated or disturbed in mind ; the cause of
trouble or disquiet ; harassing by law ; a slight
teasing ; trouble. SYN. Mortification ; grief; sor-
row ; distress ; chagrin, which see.
VEX-A'TIOUS (veks-a'shus), a. Irritating or agi-
tating to the mind ; causing or full of trouble
and disquiet ; slightly troublesome. SYN. Af-
flictive ; provoking ; troublesome ; teasing.
VEX-A'TIOUS-LY, ad. So as to provoke and ir-
ritate.
VEX-A'TIOTJS-NESS, n. The quality of giving
trouble or disquiet, or state of being vexatious.
VEX'IL, n. A flag or standard ; the upper petal of
papilionaceous plants.
VEX'IL-LAR-Y, a. Belonging to a standard or
standard-bearer.
VEX'ING-LY, ad. So as to tease, vex, or irritate.
VI'A, [L.I By the way of. [premature child.
VI'A-BLE, a. Capable of living, as a new-borr> or
Vl'A-DU-eT, n. A structure made for conveying
a carriage-way or railway, by a tunnel or arched
supports, across a river, &c.
. as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ;
VI'AL, n. A small glass bottle.
VI'AL, v. t. To put into a vial.
VI'ANDS, n. pi. Meat dressed ; victuals ; food.
VI-ATI, a. Pertaining to a journey.
Vl-AT'I-UM, n. Provisions for a journey ; in
the iioman Catholic Church, the communion ad-
ministered to persons in their last moments.
VI-A'TOR, n. A traveller ; a pursuivant.
VI'BRATE, v. t. or v. i. To move or play to and
fro ; to pass from one state to another ; to cause
to quiver. SYN. To swing; oscillate; brandish;
quiver.
VI'BRA-TlLE, a. Adapted to or used in vibratory
motion, as the vibratile organs of insects.
VI-BKAT10N, n. The act of moving or state of
being moved to and fro in quick succession ; os-
cillation, as of a pendulum.
VI'BRA-TIVE, a. That vibrates.
Vl'BRA-TO-RY, a. Consisting in oscillation or
vibration ; causing to vibrate.
Vl'AR, n. A substitute or deputy ; a minister or
!'AR-AGE, n. The benefice of a vicar.
VI-A'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a vicar.
VI-A'KI-ATE, o. Having delegated power.
Vl-eA'RI-ATE, n. A delegated office or power.
Vl-A'ltI-OUS, a. Deputed; acting for another;
filling the place of another. SYN. Deputed; sub-
stituted; delegated.
VI-A'RI-OUS-LY, ad. By substitution; in place
of another.
VICE. [.] In the place of; in composition, used
to denote one who acts in the place of another, or
who is second in authority, as a vice-president.
VICE, n. A fault or defect ; what is morally wrong;
wickedness ; corruption of manners. SYN. Blem-
ish; imperfection; spot; wickedness; immoral-
ity ; crime, which see.
VICE, n. An iron press with a screw for holding
articles fast when being filed, &c.
VICE-AD'MI-RAL, n. The second officer of a
fleet.
VICE-ADTHI-RAL-TY, n. The office of a vice-
admiral.
VICE-CHAN'CEL-LOR, n. An officer in a univer-
sity in England, annually elected to act in the
absence of the chancellor; also a judge in certain
courts of chancery.
VICE-ON'SUL. n. One acting for the consul.
VICE-G'REN-CY, n. The office of a vicegerent ;
agency under another.
VICE-GE'RENT, n. An officer acting in place of
another, or one deputed by a superior to exercise
authority.
VICE-GE'RENT, a. Having or exercising delegated
power.
VICE-PR$'I-DENT, n. An officer next in rank
to the president.
VICE-RE'GAL, a. Relating to a viceroy.
VlCE'ROY, n. The governor of a kingdom or
country, who rules in the name or as a substi-
tute of a king, with regal authority.
VICE-ROY'AL-TY, ") n. The dignity, office, or
VICE-ROY'SHIP, 5 jurisdiction of a viceroy.
VlC'EN-A-RY, a. Twentieth ; n. twenty.
Vl"CL\TE (ylsh'ate), P. t. To injure the substance
or properties of a thing so as to impair its value
or destroy its use ; to make less pure or wholly
impure; to render defective. SYN. To iur
invalidate ; deprave ; corrupt.
ViC'I-NAGE (vte'e-naje), n. Neighbourhood ; the
place or places adjoining or near.
VlC'I-NAL (vls'e-nal), a. Near ; bordering.
Vl-ClN'I-TY, n. Nearness in place; neighbouring
country. See NEIGHBOURHOOD.
V1"CIOU3 (vlsh'us), a. Characterised by defects
or imperfections ; addicted to vice ; corrupt in
principles or conduct ; contrary to moral principles
or to rectitude; physically corrupt ; not genuine
or pure ; not well tamed or broken. A vicious cir-
cle in reasoning is one in which the premises take
for granted the very thing to be proved.
VIC
510
I, fi, &c., long. I, , &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
VI"CIOUS-LY (vish'us-ly), ad. Corruptly or con-
trary to rectitude, &c. ; defectively ; immorally ;
wickedly.
VICIOUS-NESS (vlsh'us-ness), n. Addictedness
to vice ; habitual violation of the moral law or
moral duties ; depravity in principles and man-
ners; refractoriness. SYN. Corruptness ; wicked-
ness; immorality; profligacy; unruliness.
VJ-ClS'SI-TUDE, 7i. Regular change or succession ;
revolution.
VICTIM, n. A living being sacrificed ; something
sacrificed in pursuit of an object.
VL -G'TIM-IZE, v. t. To make a victim of.
Vi 'TOR, n. One who conquers another in war, or
defeats another in private contest ; one who wins
or gains an advantage. SYN. Conqueror ; van-
quisher; winner; gainer.
VlCTOR-ESS, n. A female who vanquishes.
Vie-TOR'I-A, n. The name of one of the new
planetoids.
VI-TO-R1NE' (-eenO, n. A lady's fur tippet.
VI-TO'RI-OUS, a. Having conquered or overcome
an enemy ; that produces conquest ; emblematic
of conquest. SYN. Conquering; vanquishing;
triumphant ; successful .
VI-TO'RI-OUS-LY, ad. With conquest; trium-
phantly.
VIC-TO'BI-OUS-NESS, n. State of being victori-
ous.
Vi!'TO-RY, n. The defeat of an enemy in battle,
or an antagonist in contest ; a gaining a superior-
ity. SYN. Conquest ; triumph ; success.
VICT'UAL (vit'tl), v. t. To supply or store up pro-
visions.
VlCT'UAL-ER (vttler), n. One who furnishes pro-
visions, or who keeps a house of entertainment; a
provision ship.
VICTUALS (vlt'tlz), n. pi. Food or provisions
for human beings prepared for the table. SYN.
Provisions ; sustenance ; subsistence ; meat ; food,
&c.
VI'DE' [L.1 See. [ated viz.
VI-DEUI-CET, ad. [L.] To wit; namely; abbrevi-
VI E (vi), v. i. To strive for superiority ; to attempt
to equal ; to use efforts in a race, &c. SYN. To
contend ; strive ; emulate ; contest.
VIEW (vu), v. t. To examine with the eye or look
on with attention ; to perceive by the eye, or in-
tellectually, or with the mental eye. SYN. To
behold ; look ; eye ; survey, &c.
VIEW (vu), n. Reach of the eye ; the whole ex-
tent seen ; power of seeing; act of seeing; intel-
lectual survey ; exhibition to the sight or mind ;
manner of seeing. SYN. Sight ; survey ; pros-
pect ; intention ; purpose ; design.
VIEWER (vu'er), n. One who sees or examines ;
an officer whose duty it is to inspect something,
as fences, &c.
VIEWLESS, a. That can not be seen ; not perceiv-
able by the eye.
VIG'IL, n. The eve before a holiday ; a watch ; de-
votion performed in the customary hours of rest
or sleep.
VIGT-LANCE, n. Forbearance of sleep ; state of
being awake ; attention in discovering and guard-
ing against danger. SYN. Watchfulness ; cau-
tion; guard; watch.
VlG'I-LANT, o. Attentive to discover and avoid
danger or provide for safety. SYN. Wakeful;
watchful; circumspect.
VlG'I-LANT-LY, ad. With watchfulness and at-
tention.
VIG- N ETTE' (yin-yef or vln'-yet), n. An ornament
at the beginning of a book, chapter, &c. ; a small
engraved embellishment on bank-notes, &c.
VIG'OUR, . Active, physical force ; strength of
mind or intellectual force ; strength or force in
animal or vegetable. SYN. Strength ; force ; en-
ergy ; efficacy.
VlG'OR-OUS, a. FuU of physical strength or ac-
tive force ; made by strength either of body or
mind. SYN. Strong ; forcible ; agile ; diligent.
FALL, WHAT; THRE,TiRM; MARINE, BlBD; MOVE,
VlG'OR-OUS-LY, ad. With force or strenuous ex.
ertion.
VlG'OB-OUS-NESS, n. The quality of being pos-
sessed of active strength; strenuous exertion;
force.
VILE, a. Base ; wicked ; mean ; despicable ; mor-
ally base or impure. ' [cowardly.
VlLE'LY, ad. Basely; shamefully; wickedly;
VILE'NESS, n. Intellectual baseness ; moral de-
pravity; degradation by sin. SYN. Baseness;
wickedness ; worthlessness ; despicableness.
VlL-I-FI-ATION, n. Act of defaming.
VlL'I-Fl-ER, n. One who defames another.
VIL'I-FY, v. t. To make vile ; to accuse falsely ;
to seek to degrade by slander. SYN. To debase ;
defame; revile; abuse; traduce.
VIL'LA, n. ; pi. VJL'LAS. A country seat or farm
with a mansion and out-houses.
VlL'LAGE, n. A small collection of houses, less
than a town or city. SYN. Hamlet ; town ; city.
A hamlet (lit., a little home or confined place) de-
notes a collection of houses too small to have a
parish church. A village has a church, but no
market. A town has both a market, and a church
or churches. A city is, in the legal sense, an in-
corporated borough town, which is or has been
the place of a bishop's see.
VlL'LA-GER, n. An inhabitant of a village.
VlL'LAIN (vlHin), n. In feudal law, one who holds
lands by a base or servile tenure; a base tenant;
a very wicked person. SYN. Rascal; scoundrel;
knave; scamp; profligate.
VlL'LAIN-OUS, a. Very vile; extremely depraved;
proceeding from depravity. SYN. Wicked; base;
depraved; rascally; sorry; vile; infamous.
VlL'LAIN-OUS-LY, ad. Basely; knavisbly; with
extreme wickedness or depravity.
VlL'LAlN-OUS-NESS, n. Baseness ; extreme de-
pravity.
VlL'LAIN- Y (vfllin-y), n. Extreme depravity or
atrocious wickedness ; an action of deep deprav-
ity, or attended with aggravated guilt. SYN.
Baseness; infamy; atrocity; crime; vileness.
VlL'LAN-AGE, n. The state of a villain ; base ser-
vitude ; a base tenure of lands.
VIL'LA N-OUS, a. Base. See VILLAINOUS.
VIL-LAT1, a. Pertaining to a village.
VIL'LI, n. pi. [L.] Fibres or hairs.
VIL-LOSE', > a. Abounding with fine hairs ; nap-
VlL'LOUS, ) py ; shaggy.
VlM'IN-AL, a. Consisting of twigs.
VI-MIN'E-OUS, a. Made of twigs.
VI-NA'CEOUS (vl-na'shus), a. Belonging to wine
or grapes ; of the colour of wine.
VIN-AI-GRETTE,' n. [jPr.] A bottle or box, used
like a smelling-bottle, for holding aromatic vin-
egar contained in a sponge.
VlN'CI-BLE, a. That may be overcome.
VlN'CI-BLE-NESS, 7 n. Capacity of being con-
VIN-CI-BlL'I-TY, } quered.
VIN'CU-LUM, n. A bond of union; a tie; ill
?nat?iematics, a line drawn above several members
of a compound term subjected to the same opera-
tion. SYN. Parenthesis.
VlN-DETHI-AL, a. Belonging to a vintage.
VIN'DI-GA-BLE, a. That may be vindicated,
justified, or supported.
VlN'DI-ATE, v. t. To support or maintain as
true against denial, censure, &c. ; to prove to be
just or valid; to defend with arms or otherwise,
SYN. To justify; assert; defend; maintain;
avenge.
VIN-DI-A'TION, n. Justification against denial
or censure, objections or accusations ; act of sup-
porting by proof or legal process ; defence by
force or otherwise.
VlN'DI-A-TiVE, VIN-Dl-G'A-TlVE, a. Tending
to vindicate.
VlN'DI-eA-TOR, n. One who vindicates, justifies,
maintains, or defends.
VlNT>I-A-TO-RY, o. Justifying; defending; in-
flicting punishment; avenging.
VI X
511
VIS
DOVE, WQLF, BOOK; RULE, BCLL ; Yl"CIOUS.'
VIN-DlTlVE, a. Revengeful ; given to revenge.
VIN-DIT1VE-LY, ad. In a revengeful manner.
VIN-DI'T1VE-NESS, n. Revengeful disposition.
VI N E, n. A plant that produces grapes ; the long,
slender stem of any plant that trails on the ground,
or climbs and supports itself on any fixed thing.
VlNE'-DRKSS-ER, n. One who cultivates vines.
VlN'E-GAR, n. An acid obtained from wine or
cider by the acetous fermentation.
VI N'ER-T, n. A building for rearing grapes.
VINEYARD (vhi'yard), n , A plantation of vines
producing grapes.
VI'NOUS, o. Having the qualities of wine j per-
tainisg to wine.
VINTAGE, n. The produce of the vine for the
season ; the time of gathering, or the wine pro-
duced by the crop of grapes in one season.
VlNT'A-GE R, n. One who gathers the vintage.
VI NT'NER, n. A seller or dealer in wines.
VINT'RY, n. A place where wine is sol<7..
VI'NY, a. Belonging to vines ; abounding in vines ;
producing grapes.
VI'OL, n. A stringed musical instrument.
Vl-O'LA, n. [L.] A tenor violin.
VI'O-LA-BLE, a. That may be violated, broken, or
injured.
VI-O-LA'CEOU3 (-la'shus), o. Resembling vio-
lets.
VI'O-LATE, tJ. t. To break in upon or set aside in
a violent manner ; to do violence to ; to treat
with irreverence. STN. To hurt; interrupt;
break : infringe ; transgress ; profane ; ravish.
VI-O-LA'TION, n. The act of violating or injur-
ing ; interruption ; non-observance ; act of irrev-
erence ; profane treatment of sacred things ; rav-
ishment.
VI'O-LA-T1VE, a. Violating or tending to vio-
late.
VI'O-LA-TOR, n. One who violates, transgresses,
or profanes ; a ravisher.
VI'O-LENCE, 11. Physical force; strength of ac-
tion or motion ; moral force ; highly excited feel-
ings ; crimes of all kinds ; the act of breaking in
or infringing; ravishment. SYN. Force; fury;
vehemence ; outrage ; wroncr.
VI'0-LENT, a. Moving and acting with great
strength ; characterised or produced by violence
or force ; not natural ; not authorised or volun-
tary. SYN. Forcible ; fierce ; furious ; impetuous ;
passionate ; severe ; extorted.
VI'O-LENT-LY, ad. With force ; vehemently.
VI-O-LES'CEST, a. Tending to a violet colour.
VI'O-LET, a. Dark blue, inclining to red.
VI'O-LET, n. A low herbaceous plant, bearing
flowers generally of a dark blue colour.
Vl-O-LlN', n. A stringed instrument of music ; a
fiddle.
VI-O-LIN'IST, n. One skilled in the violin.
VI'0-LIST, n. A player on the violin.
VI-0-LON-CEL'LIST, TV. A violoncello player.
VI-O-LON-CEL'LO (vi-o-lon-chM'lo or vi-o-lon-
sfcrio), n. A stringed instrument of music; a
bass-viol of four strings.
V'f-O-LO'NE (ve-o-15'na), n. A large bass violin or
double bass.
Vl'PER, n. A serpent whose bite is venomous ; a
person or thing mischievous or malignant.
VI'PEK-lNE, a. Pertaining to a viper.
Vl'PER-OUS, a. Like a viper ; venomous ; malig-
nant.
VI-RA'GO, n. A bold, masculine woman; a terma-
LlY, n, A little T>oem or song; a rounde-
lay.
VI'RENT, a. Green; fresh; not faded.
Vl-RE8 / CENT J a. Beginning to be green.
VlR-GlL'I-AN, a. Pertaining to or resembling the
style of Virgil, the Roman poet.
VlR'GlN (17), n. A maid in her native purity.
VlliGlN, a. Pertaining to or noting maidenly
purity ; chaste ; undefiled ; unused ; new.
VIR'GlN-AL, a. Belonging to a virgin ; maidenly.
. asKj dasj; sasz; CHESSHJ THIS.
VlR'GLN-AL, n. A musical instrument like a spinet
now out of use.
V i R-GLN1-A, n. A recently discovered rlanetoid.
ViR-GlN'I-TY, n. Maidenhood; the state of having
had no carnal knowledge of man.
VIR'GO, n. [L.] The virgin ; the sixth sign of the
zodiac.
VI-RID'I-TY, n. Greenness ; verdure.
Vl'-RlLE or VlR'lLE, a. Manly ; belonging to the
male sex.
VI-RILT-TY, n. Manhood; state of the male sex
with maturity, strength, and unimpaired powers
of a man ; power of procreation.
VlR-TD', n. A love of the fine arts; a taste for
curiosities.
VlRT'0-AL (virt'yu-al), a. Effectual; being in
essence or effect ; not in fact.
VlKTC-AL-LY, ad. Effectually; in efficacy or ef-
fect only ; by means of some virtue.
moral excellence; acting power; secret agency;
efficacy; power; authority.
ViliT v OE-LESS, a. Destitute of virtue, or of effi-
cacy, or operating qualities ; in virtue, by the effi-
cacy or authority.
VlR-TU-0'SO, n. ; pi. ViR-TU-6'si. One skilled
in curiosities or in the fine arts, particularly in
music.
VlRT'C-OUS, a. Acting or being in conformity to
the moral or the divine law ; chaste.
VlRTU-OUS-LY, ad. In conformity with the moral
law or with duty.
VlRT tJ-OUS-NESS, n. Quality or state of being
virtuous.
VlRD-LENCE, ) n. That quality of a thing which
VIR'C-LEN-CY.J" renders it active in doing in-
jury; an acrid temper; extreme bitterness or
malignity. SYN. Malignancy; acrimony; bit-
terness ; rancour ; venom ; spite.
VlR'U-LENT, a. Extremely active in doing in-
jury. SYN. Malignant ; venomous ; poisonous ;
rancorous ; bitter ; spiteful.
VlR'C-LENT-LY, ad. Malignantly; with rancour.
VI'RUS, n. [Ii.j Foul matter from ulcers ; poison.
VIS, n. [L.J The quality of force or power; in
physics, any natural power or force, as vis ineriiae,
'!'., n. The face; look; countenance.
VISA VIS (vlzavee). [Fr.] Face to face; a car-
riage in which two persons sit face to face.
VIS'CER-A, n. pi. The bowels ; the contents ot
the abdomen and thorax.
VlS'CEK-AL, a. Pertaining to the viscera.
VIS'CER-ATE, See EVISCEKATE, the more common
word.
VlS'ClD, a. Not readily separating; sticking to-
gether. SYN. Glutinous ; adhesive ; sticky ; te-
nacious.
VIS-C1D'I-TY, n. Glutinousness ; tenacity ; glutin-
ous concretion ; stickiness.
VIS-OS'I-TY, ) n. That quality of soft sub-
VIS'OUS-NESS, j stances which makes them ad-
here so as not to be easily parted.
VlS'-GOUNT (vl'kount), n. A title of nobility next
below the earl.
VIS;OUNT-ESS (vi'kouut-ess), n. A viscount's
wife ; a peeress of the fourth order.
VlS'OUS, a. Of a sticky nature; adhering to-
gether. SYN. Glutinous; adhesive; clammy.
VI-SE' (vee-za'). [Fr.] Literally, seen. An official
indorsement on a passport as a permit to proceed.
VISE, n. An engine for griping. See VICE.
VISHNU, n. The second person of the Hindoo
Trinity, whose function is preservation.
VLS-I-BIL'I-TY, > n. The state or quality of being
VIS'I-BLE-NESS, $ perceivable to the eye, or
visible ; the state of being discoverable or appar-
ent.
VlS'I-BLE, a. Perceivable by the eye ; that can be
seen ; discovered to the eye. SYN. Apparent ;
manifest; obvious; clear.
VIS
512
YOG
1, ft c, long. I, fi, &c., short CARB, FAB. LIST, FALL, WHAT; THERE, TKRM ; MARINE, BIRD ;
VlS'I-BLY, ad. So as to be seen ; plainly ; clearly
Vl&'I-GOiH, n. A western Goth, or an inhabitan
of Dacia, on the western shores of the Baltic.
VltS'ION (vlzh'un), n. Act of seeing external ob-
jects ; actual sight ; faculty of sight ; something
imagined to be seen, but not real ; a revelation
from God ; something imaginary ; any thing
which is the object of sight. SYN. Apparition ;
phantom ; ghost ; dream.
VIS'ION-A-RY (vlzh'un-a-ry), a. Affected by
phantoms ; not real ; existing in the imagination
only ; having no solid foundation. SYN. Imagin-
ary ; fantastic; wild; schemy; impracticable;
W'anciful, which see.
S'lON-A-RY, n. One who forms impracticable
schemes ; one whose imagination is disturbed ;
one who is confident of success in a project oth-
ers see to be idle and fanciful. SYN. Enthusi-
ast; fanatic ; impracticable dreamer ; projector ;
schemer.
VlS'ION-LESS, o: Destitute of vision.
VlS'IT, v. t. or v. i. To go or come to see ; to at-
tend, as a physician ; to keep up the interchange
of civilities and salutations.
VlS'IT, n. Act of going to see another or of calling
at his house ; the act of attending on ; the act of
going to inspect or view,
Vl$'IT-A-BLE, a. Subject to be visited or in a state
to receive visits.
VlS'IT-ANT, n. One who goes to see another or
who is a guest in his house.
1S-IT-A'TION, n. Act of visiting; in law, an ex-
amination by authority ; infliction of judgments ;
sending of afflictions and trials ; communication
of divine love ; exhibition of mercy.
Vi$'IT-ING, o. Authorized to visit and inspect.
ViS'IT-ING, n. The act of going to see ; attend-
ing on or examining ; visitation.
Vl*'IT-OR, n. One who visits or goes to examine.
VI$-IT-0'RI-AL, a. Belonging to a judicial visitor.
VI'SIVE, a. Belonging to vision; formed in the
act of seeing.
ViS'OR, n. A mask ; disguise ; concealment ; the
perforated part of a helmet over the face.
YIS'TA, n. [It.] A prospect through an avenue, or
the trees and other things forming it.
VlS'C-AL (vlzh'yu-al), o. Belonging to the sight ;
used in sight ; serving as the instrument of see-
ing.
Vl'TAL, a. Pertaining or necessary to life ; con-
taining life; that on which life depends; very
important. SYN. Essential; necessary; imme-
diate ; absolute.
VI-TAL'IT-Y, n. Power of maintaining life ; the
act of living; the principle of animation or of
life.
VI-TAL-I-ZA'TION, n. The act of infusing the
vital principle.
Vl'TAL-L Y, ad. So as to affect or give life ; essen-
tially.
VITALS, n, pi. Parts of an animal body essential
to life.
V1"TIATE (vfeh'Ste), -p. t. To injure the substance
or qualities of a thing so as to impair or spoil its
use and value ; to destroy the validity, &c. ; to
render defective ; to ravish or dishonour. SYN.
To corrupt; deprave; defile; pollute; taint;
contaminate, &c.
Vl/'TI-A'TION (vish-e-a'shun), n. The act of vitiat-
ing ; corrupting ; a rendering invalid. SYN. Con-
tamination ; pollution; vitiosity.
Vl"TI-p3'I-TY (vish-e-os'e-ty), n. Corruption; de-
pravity.
VlT'RE-OUS, a. Glassy ; resembling glass ; con-
sisting of glass.
VIT'RE-OUS-NESS, n. State of being glassy ; re-
semblance of glass.
Vl-TKES'CENT, a. Glassy ; tending to glass.
VIT-RI-FA'TION, n. Act, process, or operation
of converting into glass.
VIT RI-FI-A-BLE, a. That may be vitrified.
ViT'RI-FORM, a. Having the form of glass.
VIT'RI-FY, v. t. or v. i.
become glass.
VlT'RI-OL, n.
copperas, &c.
ATI
To convert into glass ; to
A soluble sulphate of any metal, as
viT'Ri-OL-?ZE7 j v ' *' To conv ert into vitriol.
VIT-RI-OL're, a. Pertaining to vitriol ; having the
qualities of vitriol.
VIT'0-LINE, a. Belonging to a calf or to veal.
VI-TC'PER-ATE, v. t. To blame ; to censure.
V1-T0-PER-ATION, n. Blame ; censure.
Vl-TO'PER-A-TlVE, a. Uttering, writing, or con-
taining censure.
VI-VA'CE (ve-va'cha). [It.] In music, brisk and
lively.
VI-VA'CIOUS (-va'shus), a. Having great liveliness
and activity ; sprightly in temper and conduct.
SYN. Lively; sprightly; brisk; gav.
VI-VAC'I-TY, \ n . Liveliness or sprightli-
VI-VA'C1OUS-NESS,> ness of temper or behavi-
our. SYN. Life ; activity ; animation ; spirits ;
lightness ; volatility. See LIVELINESS.
VI'VA-RY, n. A warren for live animals.
VIVA VOCE. [L.] By word of mouth.
VlVES, n. A disease in the glands under the ear
of horses.
VI-VES'CENT, a. Gaining life or strength.
VIVID, a. Exhibiting the appearance of life and
freshness ; forming brilliant images, or painting
in lively colours. SYN. Lively ; bright ; active ;
clear ; striking ; quick ; strong.
Vl V'ID-LY, ad. With life and spirit ;
ness ; with glowing colours, or with animated ex-
hibition to the mind.
VIVID-NESS, n. Life ; liveliness ; sprightliuess ;
strength of colouring, &c. : vigour.
VI VlF'LP ")
VI-VlF'Le'-AL, j' Giving life; reviving.
Vl-ViF'I--eATE, v. t. To give life to ; to revive ; to
give to natural bodies new lustre, force, or vigour.
IV-I-FI-A'TION, n. The act of giving life to, or
new lustre, force, or vigour.
Vl-ViF'I.-eA-TlVE, a. Able to give life or ani-
mate.
VlV'I-FY, v. t. To impart life ; to animate ; to
make alive.
Vl-VlP'A-ROUS, a. Producing young alive.
VIV-I-SE!'TION, n. The dissection of an animal
while alive for physiological discoveries.
VlX'EN (vik'sn), n. A turbulent, quarrelsome
woman ; a scold.
VlX'.EN-LY, a. Having the qualities of a vixen.
VIZ., for videlicet. To wit ; namely.
VlZ'ARD, n. A mask.
VJZ'ARD, v. t. To mask. See VISOR.
ViZ'IER (viz'yer), n. A Turkish counsellor of
state. Grand Vizier, the Ottoman prime minister.
VO'A-BLE, n. A word ; term ; name.
VO'-eAB'CT-LA-RY, n. A list of words arranged in
alphabetical order, and explained ; a dictionary.
VO'AL, a. Having a voice ; uttered or modulated
by the voice, as vocal music in distinction from
instrumental.
VO-43ALTG, a. Consisting of the voice or vowel
sounds.
VO'!AL-IST, n. A public singer, distinguished by
superior powers of voice.
VO-G AL'I-TY, 71. Quality of being utterable by the
voice. [vocal.
VO'AL-IZE, v. t. To form into voice ; to make
VO'-GAL-LY, ad. With voice ; in words.
VO-GA'TION, n. The act of being called; em-
ployment; business. SYN. Calling; trade; de-
signation ; destination.
VO'A-TlVE, a. Calling : denoting the case of the
noun in which a person is addressed.
VOG'A-TiVE, n. The fifth case of Latin nouns, or
that case or state in which a word is placed when
a person is addressed.
VO-ClF'ER-ATE, v. t. or v. i. To utter or cry out
with a loud voice or with vehemence. SYN. To
exclaim ; bellow ; bawl ; roar ; hoot ; clamour.
voo
513
VOE
. Y.-OLF, BQOK; B&LE, By LL ; vf'cious. e aa K ; 6 as J; as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
rO-CIF-ER-A'TION, n. Crying out with vehe-
mence; a violent or loud outcry. SYN- Excla-
mation; clamour; bawling; b<;Ilo\vin_r.
VO-CIF'ER-OUS, a. Making a loud outcry. SYN.
Noisy; loud: clamorous.
VOGUE, n. Literally, the going, as the vogue 01
lode of a mine ; hence, fashion ; popular mode ;
repute; credit.
VOICE, n. Sound uttered by the mouth or breath ;
language ; expression, or mode of expression ;
command or precept ; particular mode of inflect-
ing verbs ; opinion or choice expressed.
VOICE, v. t. To fit for producing sounds ; to re-
:ite the tone of a voice.
VOICED (voist), a. Furnished with a voice.
VOICELESS, a. Having no voice or vote.
VOIC'ING, n. The act of giving to an organ-pipe
tone.
its proper quality of t<
VOID, a. Not occupi
occupied with visible matter or
with inhabitants, &c. ; having no binding iorce ;
free ; destitute ; having no incumbent ; unsub-
stantial. SYN. Empty ; unoccupied ; vacant ;
wanting; unfurnished.
VOID, 71. An empty space ; emptiness.
VOID, v. t. To send out; to render of no validity
or effect; to make or leave vacant. SYN. To
quit ; eject ; evacuate ; annul. [ated.
VOID'A-BLE, a. That may be annulled or evacu-
VOID'ANCE, n. Act of emptying ; evasion; va-
cancy ; ejection ; want of an incumbent.
VOID'ER, n. One that voids or annuls ; a basket
or tray for carrying food to or from the table.
VOID'NESS, n. A void state; want of binding
force or substantiality ; emptiness.
VOL'TURE, n, [Fr.] A carriage.
VO-LA'CIOUS, a. Apt or fit to fly.
VO'LANT, a. Flying; active; nimble.
VOL'A-TlLE (vol'a-til), a. Apt to change ; passing
off by evaporation ; apt to disperse. SYN. Fly-
ing ; gay ; airy ; fickle ; flighty.
VOL'A-TlLE-NESS,> n. Disposition to fly off in
VOL-A-TIL'I TY, f vapour ; great sprightli-
ness or mutability of mind or feeling. SYN.
Lightness ; giddiness ; liveliness ; levity, which
The act or process of
VOL-A-TIL-I-ZA'TION, n.
rendering volatile.
VOL'A-TIL-IZE, v. t. To cause to exhale or evapo-
rate ; to render volatile.
a. Pertaining to or produced by a
VOL-TiM'E-TER, n. An instrument for detecting
or measuring the force of a voltaic current.
V'lL'il, [It.] In music, turn over.
VOLTI-GEUR (-zhur), n. A light horseman or
dragoon.
VOL-C-BIL1-TY, n. Aptness to roll or capacity of
being rolled; fluency of speech; liableuesa to re-
volution.
VOL'0-BLE (v6Tyn-bl), a. Apt or easy to roll;
fluent in words ; flowing with ease and smooth-
ness.
VOL'0-BLY, ad. With great ease and fluency of
speech ; glibly.
VOL'0ME (vol'ynm), n. Primarily, a roll, as of
bark, parchment, &c. ; hence, as much as is in-
cluded in a roll ; compass or dimensions ; a col-
lection of sheets bound together so as to form a
book ; tone or power of voice.
VO-LU'MI-N OUS, a. Consisting of numerous coils
i or complications, or of many rolls or volumes;
haviug written much.
i VO-L0'Af I-NOUS-LY, ad. In many volumes.
I VOL'UN-TA-RI-LY, ad. Of one's own free will.
VOL'UN-TA-RI-NESS, n. The state of being
optional.
VOL'UN-TA-HY, a. Acting or having power to act
by choice ; willing ; purposed or intended ; spon-
taneous ; subject to the will.
VOL'UN-TA-RY, n. An air played at will ; a com-
position for the organ ; one who engages in any
affair of his own free will.
VOL-UN-TEER', n. One who serves by his own
choice .
VOL-UN-TEER', a. Free ; proceeding from choice.
VOL-UN-TEER', v. i. To engage in service volun-
tarily, or without solicitation or compulsion.
VOL-UN-TEER', v. t. To offer or bestow volun-
tarily.
VO-LOPT'0-A-RY (vo-lupt'yu-a-ry), n. One given
to luxury. SYN. Sensualist"; epicure.
VO-L0PT0-OUS (vo-lupt'yu-us), a. Luxurious;
indulging to excess in sensual pleasures.
In a luxurious manner;
Free indulgence of the
VO-LCPTTJ-OUS-LY, ad.
sensually.
VO-LOPT'0-OUS-NESS, n.
appetites ; luxuriousness.
VO-LOTE', n. A spiral scroll used in building ; a
peculiar shell-fish, prized for the beauty and rarity
of the shells.
vy-i-vyj.i JLVX, i*. J.GI.UCIIUIUS uu ui. >IUUUX;GU. uy u. VQ-L0T'ED, a. Having a volute or spiral scroll,
volcano; changed or affected by the heat of a ! VO-LO'TION, n. A spiral turn or wreath,
volcano. M'1-GA, n. An abscess in the lungs.
One versed in the phenomena ; VOM'IT, v. t. To eject the contents of the stomach
by the mouth.
VOM'IT, v. t. To throw up or eject with violence.
VOM'IT, n. A medicine that excites vomiting; the
matter ejected from the stomach.
VOL'AN-IST, n.
and history of volcanoes, &c.
VOL'<3AN-IZE, v. t. To subject to volcanic heat,
or be affected by it.
VOL-)A'NO, n.; pi. VOL--CI'NOKI. A mountain
having internal fire, and emitting Mnoke and ' VOM'IT-ING, 71. The act of ejecting the contents
lava. of the stomach through the mouth, or of throw-
VOLB, n. A deal at cards that draws all the tricks. ! ing out substances with violence, as lava from a
VO-LEE' (vo-la'), n. [Fr.] A rapid flight of notes j crater, Ac.
in music. VO-Ml"TION (-mlsh'un),n. Act or power of vomit-
VO-LI"TION (-Ush'un), n. Act of willing ; the act ing.
of determining choice or forming a purpose. VOM'I- r
SYK. Choice.- Choice is Saxon, and volition Lat-
in. The former is the familiar, and the latter the
scientific term for the same state of the will, viz.,
an " elective preference."
VOL'I-TlVE, a. Having the power to will.
VOL'LEY, n. ; pi. V6i/LEYs. A discharge of email
arms at once ; a flight of shot ; a burst or emis-
sion of many things at once.
VOL'LEY, v. t. or v. i. To discharge with a volley ;
to throw out or discharge at once.
VOLT, n. A round or circular tread ; a gait of two
treads made by a horse going sideways round a
centre ; in fencing, a sudden movement or leap to VO RAG'I-NOUS, a. Full of gulfs.
avoid a thurst. VOU'lEX, n. ; pi. VOK'TI-CS*. A whirlpool; a
whirling motion of water, forming a oavity in the
centre ; a whirlwind.
T^ ")
VOM'I-TO-RY j a ' Causing to vomit ; emetic.
VO-Ml'TO (-mg'to), n. [Sp.] Yellow fever.
VOM'I-TO-RY, n. An emetic ; a door of a large
buildintr by which the crowd is let out.
VO-RA'CIOUS (-ra'shus), o. Very hungry; greedy
to eat or eager to devour. SYN. Ravenous ; rapa-
cious ; greedy.
VO-RA'CIOUS-LY, ad. With greedy appetite;
ravenously.
VO-RA'CIO I'S-NESS, ) n. Greediness of appetite;
VO-RAC'I-TY, j
paciousness.
eagerness to devour ; ra-
VOL-TA'I), a. Pertaining to Volta, the discoverer
of Voltaism, or to galvanism.
VOLTA-ISM, n. The science of the chemical ac-
tion of metals and liquids ; galvanism.
VOR'TI-AL, a. Having a whirling motion.
153 I VOR'TI-CEL,' n. The name of certain wheel ani
VOT
514
WAG
1* K, 4c., long. X, i, &c., short. CARE, TAB, LAST,
malcules, which, by a rapid motion of organs
create a vortex in the water, and thus draw in
their food.
VO'TA-RESS, 7i. A female devoted to any service
worship, or state of life.
VOTA-RIST, n. A votary.
VO'TA-RY, n. One devoted by vow to any service
or course of life.
VOTA-BY, a. Devoted; given up; consecrated by
a vow or promise.
VOTE, n. Expression of a wish, will, or prefer
ence ; voice ; suffrage in election ; that by which
a choice is expressed, as a ballot, &c. ; united
voice in public prayer.
VOTE, v. i. To express the will by the voice or by
a written ticket, as in elections.
VOTE, v. t. To choose by suffrage; to establish by
vote ; to grant by vote or expression of will.
VOT'EE, n. One entitled to vote.
VO'TlVE, a. Given by vow; vowed; devoted.
VO'TIVE-LY, ad. By vow.
VOUCH, v. t. To call to witness ; to maintain by
affirmations ; to establish proof ; to call to war-
ranty.- SYN. To affirm ; declare ; attest ; warrant;
confirm ; aver ; protest ; assure.
VOUCH, v. i. To bear witness ; to give testimony
or full attestation.
VOUCH, n. Warrant ; attestation.
VOUCH-EE', n. He who is called in to support his
warranty.
VOUCHER, n. One who gives witness; a paper
that confirms any thing, particularly the truth of
accounts.
VOUCH-SAFE', v. t. or v. i. To permit to be
done ; TO deign ; to condescend ; to yield.
VOUCH-SAFE'MENT, n. Grant in condescension.
VOW, n. A solemn promise to God or some heathen
deity of something to be given or done.
VOW, v. t. or v. i. To consecrate by promise, or
dedicate to God or some heathen deity; to make
vows, &c.
VOWEL, n. A simple sound, as o, e, o.
VOWEL, a. Vocal ; pertaining to a simple sound.
VOY'AGE, n. A passing by sea or water from one
place or port to another.
VOY'AGE, v. i. To sail or pass by water from one
place, port, or country to another. [water.
VOY'A-GER, n. One passing or who travels by
VOY'A-GEUR (Vwa'yu-zhur), n. [Fr.] The Cana-
dian name for men employed in transporting
goods by rivers, &c. in the service of the fur coin-
Sanies of the northwest.
Y'OL, n. A long rope used in weighing anchor,
written also viol.
VUL'AN, n. The fabled author of smith's work ;
the heathen god who presided over the working
of metals.
VUL-A'NI-AN, a. Relating to Vulcan ; in geology,
the same as Plutonian, as related to the igne-
ous origin of rocks, &c.
VUL'-GA-NIZE, v. t. A term used to denote the
process of hardening India-rubber by treating it
with heated sulphur.
VCL'GAR, a. Pertaining to or used by common
people ; used by all classes of people ; public ;
consisting of common people ; offensively mean or
low ; rude. SYN. Common ; ordinary ; mean ;
rustic; unrefined.
VCL'GAR, n. The lowest class of people.
VCL'GAR-ISM, 7i. A vulgar expression.
VUL-GAR'I-TY, n. State of being low in life;
rudeness ; grossness of manners ; clownishness.
VCL'GAR-lZE, v. t. To make vulgar.
VCL'GAR-LY, ad. Commonly; meanly; rudely.
VCL'GATE, n. An ancient Latin version of the
Scriptures, and the only one the Romish Church
admits to be authentic.
VCL'GATE, a. Relating to the Vulgate.
VUL-NEK-A-BlL'I-TY, \n. State of being vul-
VOL'NEU-A-BLE-NESS,j nerable.
VCL'NER-A-BLE, a. That may be wounded; lia-
ble to injury or to be injuriously affected.
FALL, WHAT; THRE, TEEM; MARINE, B!ED; MSVK,
VCL'NER-A-RY, a. Useful in curing wounds.
VCL'PlNE (vul'piu), a. Pertaining to the fox;
crafty.
VULT'CRE (vult'yur), n. A large bird, rapacious
and very greedy.
VULT'CR-lNE (vult'yu-rin),")
VOLT'Oli-ISH (." Like the vulture j
VGLTCR-OUS, ) rapacious.
VY'ING, n. Competing; emulating.
W.
TT/" the twenty-third letter of the Alphabet, is
' ' J formed from the union of two 7's, the form
of the Roman capital letter 17. It is either a
vowel, or, in beginning words or syllables, a con-
sonant. With other vowels it forms diphthongs,
as now, few. W, as a contraction, stands for West.
WAB'BLE (w5b'bl), . i. To move from side to
side when turning; to vacillate, as a whirling
body.
WAB'BLE, n. A hobbling, unequal motion.
WACK'E, 7i. A rock ; a soft and earthy variety of
basalt, or trap-rock ; but since the classification
of the Silurian system, it is little used.
WAD (w5d), n. Paper, tow, 4c., to keep the charge
in a gun; a little mass, tuft, or bundle of hay,
&c. ; an earthy oxyde of manganese ; plum-
bago.
WAU'DING, n. A wad or its materials ; a soft
stuff; also sheets of carded cotton for stuffing
garments, &c.
WAD'DLE (wod'dl), v. t. To walk like a duck, mov-
ing from the one side to the other.
WAD'DLER, n. One that waddles.
WADE, v. i. or v. t. To walk through any substance
that yields to the feet, as water; to move or pass
with difficulty or labour.
WAD'SET, n. A pledge or mortgage.
WAVY (i -
course
rainy season.
WATER, 7i. A thin cake or leaf, especially of
bread, used in the Lord's Supper in the Roman
Catholic Church ; a thin leaf of dried paste for
sealing papers ; a thin cake baked hard in an iron
frame.
WATER, v. t. To seal with a wafer.
WAFFLE (woffl), n. A soft, indented cake,
baked on the coals in an instrument called a waffle
iron.
WAFT (6), v. t. or v. i. To bear through a fluid,
water, or air ; to convey, as ships ; to float in a
buoyant medium; to cause to float. SYN. To
float ; swim; fly.
iVAFT, n. A floating body ; a signal.
WAFT' AGE, n. Carriage by air or water.
>VAFT'ER, n. He or that which wafts.
WAG, n. A merry, droll fellow; one full of low
sport and humour.
iVAG, v. t.orv. i. To move one way and the other ;
to be quick and ludicrous in motion ; to pack off;
to go ; to be moved one way and the other.
WAGE, v. t. To lay a wager; to put to hazard or
stake ; to engage in.
WAGEMDLASS, n. Those who work for wages, com-
monly called the working classes.
WA'GER, 7i. Something deposited or hazarded on
the event of a contest, &c. ; a bet ; subject on
which bets are laid ; in law, an offer to make oath
of innocence or of non-indebtedness.
WA'GER, v. t. or v. i. To hazard on a contest ; to
offer a bet.
WA'GER-ER, n. One who wagers or lays a bet.
WA'GES, n. pi. That which is paid or stipulated fix.
services ; that which is given or received ia
return. SYN. Hire; stipend; salary; pay; re-
compense.
WAG'GER-Y, n. Mischievous merriment; sarcasm
in good humour ; sportive trick or gayety.
WAG'GISH, o. Mischievous or roguish in sport .
JJL, It. 0. JJJ.CU.gtJ \JL iUUtbgChgO*
(wod'y), n. \_Ar.~\ The channel of a water-
i in Eastern countries, dry except in the
WAG
515
WAN
DftVE, WQLF, BO<?K ; BtfLE, B1PL1; Vl"CIOU8. 6 as K; 6 OS J; 8 B8 Z ; CH as SH; THIS.
done, made, or laid in sport. SYN. Sportive ;
merry ; rogui h ; droll ; frolicsome.
WAG'GISH-LY, ad. In sport ; with drollery.
WAG'GISH-NESS, n. Mischievous sport ; wanton
merriment; drollery.
WAG'GLE (wajjfel) v. i. or v. t. To waddle; to
move quickly one way and the other ; to reel from
side to side.
WAG'ON, n. A vehicle on four wheels for transpor-
tation.
WAG'ON, v. t. To convey in a wagon.
WAG'ON, v. i. To practise the transportation of
WAG'ON -AGE, n. Money paid for carriage in a
wagon.
WAG'ON-ER, n. One who conducts or drives a
wagon.
WAG'ON-ING, n. The business of transporting in
a w-i
WAGTAIL, n. A small bird of several species, so
named from the incessant motion of its tail.
WAIF (wafe), n. Goods thrown away or having no
known owner.
WALL (wale), v. t. or v. t. To lament with out-
cry ; to express sorrow audibly. SYN. To moan ;
weep; grieve; bewail.
WAIL, ") n. Loud weeping; violent laminta-
WAIL'ING.) tion.
WAIL'FUL, a Sorrowful; mournful.
WAIL'ING-LY, ad. Like one wailing.
WAIN (wane), n. A wagon for the carriage of
goods ; a constellation, Charles' or Carl's icain.
WATN'-BOPE, n. A cart-rope ; a rope for binding'
a load on a waggon.
WAIN'SOT, n. A lining of rooms, made of boards
in panel work.
WAINSCOT, v. t. To line with boards or panels ;
to line with different materials.
WAIST (waste), n. The part of the body below the
ribs ; the middle of a ship.
WAIST'BAND, n. The band of breeches, trow-
sers, &c.
WAIST'ER, . A man stationed in the waist of a
ship.
WAIST'-LOTIIS, n. pi. Coverings of canvas or
tarpaulin for the hammocks stowed on the gang-
ways in the waist of the ship.
WAISTCOAT, n. A garment worn immediately
under the coat ; a vest.
WAIT (wate), v. t. or v. i. To stay for or rest in
expectation of; to remain stationary till an arri-
val ; to stay proceedings or suspend business ;
not to depart ; to stay because hindered ; to lie
in ambush ; to accompany with submission or re-
spect. SYN. To attend ; expect ; watch ; stay for.
WAIT (wate), n. Ambush; to lie in wait is to lie
in ambush ; to lay wait, to set an ambush.
WAITER, n. An attending servant ; a server.
WAIT'ING, n. The act of staying in expectation;
attendance.
WAITING-MAID, ) n. An upper servant who
WAIT'IN G-WOM-AN, $ attends a lady.
WAITS, n. pi. Nocturnal itinerant musicians at
Christmas.
WAIVE (wave), v.t. To relinquish ; not to insist
on ; to put off. See WAVE.
WAIVER, n. The act of not insisting on a right
or claim.
WAKE, v. t. Primarily, to stir, rouse, or excite ;
hence, to rouse from sleep ; to put in motion or
action; to bring to life again.
WAKE, v. i. To be awake ; to watch ; to be excited
or roused from sleep ; to be roused from a tor-
pid state.
WAKE, n. The anniversary of the dedication of a
cliurch, formerly observed by watching all night ;
the sitting up with a dead body all night ; act of
waking ; track of a vessel in the water.
WAKE'FUL, a. Unable to sleep; indisposed to
sleep or not sleeping ; watchful.
\VAKE'FUL-LY, ad. With watching or sleepless-
ness.
WAKE'FUL-NESS, n. Indisposition to sleep ; for-
bearance of sleep ; want of sleep.
WAK'JBN (wa'kn), v. t. or v. i. To excite or rouse
from sleep or into action ; to cease to sleep ; to
be awakened.
WAK'ING, n. The period of being awake.
WAL-DEN'SES, n. A sect of Chrstians, with Pro-
testant principles, in the valleys of Piedmont.
WALE, n. A rising part in cloth ; a stripe or
streak; the mark of a rod or whip on animal
flesh ; in the plural, wales are an assemblage of
strong planks extending along the whole length
of a ship's sides ; circles formed in the water and
extending on dropping in a pebble, &c.
WALK (wauk), v. i. To go or to advance by steps
moderately ; to move slowly ; to move or go for
exercise or amusement ; v. t. to pass through or
upon ; to cause to walk or step slowly ; to lead or
drive with a slow pace.
W4LK (wauk), n. Act of moving by steps ; man-
ner of walking ; length of way or place for walk-
ing j course of life or pursuit ; the slowest pace
of a horse ; high and dry land for pasture, as a
sheep-walk. SYN. Carriage ; way ; path ; range,
&c.
WALK'ER, n. One that walks ; a forester ; one
who deports himself in a particular manner.
WALK'ING, n. The act of moving on at a slow
pace.
WALL, n. A work of brick or stone for a fence or
security ; the side of a building ; walls, in the
plural, is used for fortifications in general.
WALL, v. t. To inclose or fill up with a wall ; to
defend by walls.
WAI/LET (wol'let), n. A bag for carrying any
thing for a journey or march ; a small pocket-
book.
WALL'-EYE, n. A disease in the eye ; a gray eye.
WALL'-EtED (-Tde), a. Having white eyes.
WALL'-FLOWER, n. A plant of the genus cheiran-
thus, with fragrant golden yellow flowers, adorn-
ing ruinous edifices.
WALL'-FROIT, n. Fruit ripened by being planted
along a wall.
WALL'-PLATE, n. A piece of wood placed on the
top of a wall, on which the joists, &c., rest.
WAL'LOP (wul'lup), v. i. To boil with continued
bubbling; to beat or thrash a person.
WAL'LOW (wOllo), o. i. To roll on the earth; to
tumble j to move heavily ; to live in filth or gross
vice.
WAL'LOW, . A rolling or particular walk.
WAL'LOW-ER, n. One who rolls in the mire, &c. ;
a small wheel or pinion in machinery. LshelL
WAL'NUT (waul'nut), n. A fruit with a hard
WAL'RUS, ti. The morse or sea-horse.
WALTZ (waultz), n. A German national dance and
the music by which it is accompanied.
WALTZ, v. i. To dance a waltz.
WALTZING, n. The act of dancing a waltz.
WAM'BLE (wom'bl), v. i. To be disturbed with
nausea.
WAM'PUM (wSm'pum), . Shells, or strings of
shells, used as current money by the Indiana.
WAN (w6n), o. Pale and sickly; yellowish; lan-
guid.
WAND, n. A long slender staff or rod; a rod of
authority or of a conjurer.
WAN'DER (wSn'der), . . To ramble here and
there with no definite object or course ; to go
astray ; to leave home ; to depart from a subject,
or from duty or rectitude ; to be delirious. SYN.
To rove ; roam ; range ; stroll ; stray ; err.
WAN'DER-ER, n. A rover; a rambler; one who
deviates from duty.
WAN'DER-ING, a. Roving ; deviating from duty.
SYN. Erratic ; vagrant ; rambling.
WAN'DER-ING, n. A roving or travelling without
a settled course ; deviation from duty* the roving
of the thoughts, or of the mind in a dream or de-
lirium ; want of being fixed. [Ion.
WAN-DE-RW, . The bearded baboon of Cey-
WAN 516
I, ii, &c., !<m{7. I, %, fcc., short. ciEB, TAB, lAsi,
WANDT (wSn'dy), o. Long and flexible, like a
wand.
WANE, v. i. To be diminished ; to decrease.
WANE, n. Decrease of the light part of the moon ;
diminution. SYN. Decline; decrease; failure;
declension. [ner.
WAN'LY (wanly), a d. With a sickly look or man-
WAN'NESS (wSn'ncss), n. Paleness, with a cast of
yellow.
WAN NISH (wchi'nish), a. Somewhat wan ; of a
pale hue.
WANT (waunt), n. The absence of what is nec-
essary and useful ; the effect of deficiency ; the
state of not having ; that which is not possessed
but is desired ; need ; necessity ; lack ; deficien-
cy ; poverty ; penury ; scarcity ; indigence, which
see.
WANT (waunt), v. t. To be destitute of; to be de-
ficient in ; not to have or be without ; to have oc-
casion; to wish for ; to fall short.
WANT, v. i. To fall short ; to be deficient.
WANT'AGE (waunt'aje), n. Deficiency; what is
wanting.
WANT'ING, a. Absent; deficient; slack,
WANT'LESS, a. Having no want ; abundant.
WAN'TON, (won'tun), a. Koving in sport ; moving,
flying, or playing loosely ; wandering from recti-
tude; indulging sensuality without restraint ;
running to excess; extravagant; not turned or
formed with regularity. SYN. Sportive; skittish;
frisky ; lascivious ; licentious ; unrested.
WAN'TON, n. A lewd person ; a trifler.
WAN'TON, v. i. To rove and ramble without re-
straint; to move briskly and irregularly ; to play
loosely ; to be lascivious.
WAN'TON-LY, ad. Without regularity or re-
straint ; sportively ; loosely ; lasciviously.
WANTON-NESS, n. Reckless sport ; negligence
of restraint; lewdness; licentiousness. SYN.
Levity ; frolicsorneness ; sportiveness ; lascivious-
ness ; extravagance.
WAPTN-SCIIAW, 71. A periodical exhibition of
arms in certain districts of Scotland.
WAR, n. A contest between states or nations car-
ried on by force ; the profession of arms ; art of
war; hostility; enmity; disposition to conten-
tion.
WAR, v. i. To make or carry on war ; to attack a
nation or state with force of arms; to be in a
state of opposition ; to strive violently.
WAR'BLE, v. t. or v. i. To quaver or modulate the
sound of the voice with turns and variations ; to
sing or carol as a bird.
WAR'BLE, n. A quavering modulation of the
voice, as of a bird ; a song.
WAR'BLER, n. A singing bird.
WAR'BLES (wur'blz), n. pi. Small tumours on a
horse's back.
WARB'LING, n. The act of shaking or modula-
ting notes; singing.
WARD, n. Act of guarding ; guard made by a wea-
pon in fencing; fortress ; one whose business is to
watch and defend ; a district or division of a city,
&c., and so likewise of an hospital ; confinement
under guard ; part of a lock ; a person under a
guardian. SYN. Watch; stronghold; custody;
imprisonment ; guardianship.
WARD, v. t. or v. i. To guard ; to defend against
attack; to repel; to fend off ; to be vigilant; to
act on the defensive.
WARD'.EN (wur'dn), n. An officer for guarding ; a
WAR
"- The office of warden
WARD'ER, n. A keeper ; a guard; a truncheon by
which fight was forbidden.
WARD/ROBE, n. A room or portable closet for
keeping apparel; wearing apparel in general.
WARD-ROOM, n. A room in ships where the
principal officers mess and sleep.
WARD'SHIP, n. Guardianship ; caro and protec-
tion of a ward ; right of guardianship ; pupilage.
FALL, WHAT; TH^BE, TiRM; MAUINF, BtKD ; MOVE,
WARD-STAFF, n. A constable's or watchman's
staff.
WARE (4), v. t. [pret. WOKE.] To change a ship'3
course by turning her stern to the wind. See
WEAK.
WARE'HOIJSE, n. A storehouse for goods.
WAREHOUSE, v. t. To deposit in store ; to place
in custom-house stores to be kept till the duties
are paid.
WARES, n. pi. Goods; merchandize; commodi-
ties.
WAR'FARE, n. Military service; conflict; con-
test ; struggle with spiritual enemies.
WART-LY, ad. With cautioner wise foresight ;
cautiously ; prudently
WART-NESS, n. Prudent care to foresee and
guard against evil. SYN. Caution ; cautiousness ;
watchfulness; foresight; circumspection.
WAR'LIKE, a. Adapted to war; pertaining to
war; having a martial appearance. SYN. Hos-
tile; soldierly; soldier-like; military; martial,
which see.
WAR'LOeK, n. A wizard.
WARM, a. Having moderate heat ; subject to
heat ; having a lively interest ; easily excited or
provoked ; marked by great ardour and activity ;
busy or heated in action : enthusiastic or vigor-
ous? SYN. Ardent; fervent; cordial; irritable;
furious.
WARM, v. t. or v. i. To heat or become heated
moderately ; to make engaged or earnest ; to en-
gage ; gage ; to become ardent or animated.
WAKM'ING-PAN, n. A covered pan with along
handle containing coals of fire for warming a
bed.
WARM'LY, ad. With warmth ; zealously.
WARMTH, \n. Moderate heat; a state of
WARM'NESS,j lively or excited interest ; some
degree of anger or resentment ; fancifulness ; en-
thusiasm.
WARN, w. t. To give notice of approaching dan-
ger ; to caution against anything injurious or
evil practices ; to admonish of duty ; to notify by
authority.
WARN'EK, n. An admonisher.
WARNTNG, n. Caution against danger, &c. ; pre-
vious notice.
WARP, n. Thread that runs lengthwise in a loom ;
a rope used in towing.
WARP, v. t. or v. i. To turn ; to twist or be twist-
ed out of a straight direction ; to turn or incline
from a straight course ; to tow or move with a
line attached to buoys, anchors, &c. ; to pre-
pare the warp of webs for weaving.
WAR'-PKOOF, n. Valour tried by war.
WAR'RANT (wSr'rant), n. An act or instrument
investing one with right or authority ; a precept
for arresting a person ; authority ; voucher ;
right.
WAR'RANT (wSr'rant), v. t. To authorise or jus-
tify; to maintain; to secure; to declare with
great assurance. Warrant-officer, a non-commis-
sioned officer acting under a warrant ; u-arrant of
attorney, a written authority given by a client to
his attorney to act for him.
WAR'KANT-A-BLE, a. Justifiable ; legal.
WAR'RANT-A-BLE-NESS, n. Quality of being
justifiable.
WAR-RANT-TE E' (w5r-ran-tee'), n. The person to
whom land or other thing is warranted.
WAR'RANT-ER, n. One who gives authority or
legally empowers.
WAK'RANT-OR, n. One who warrants.
WAR'RAN-TY (wSr'ran-ty), n. A covenant of se-
curity ; a promise by deed ; authority ; security.
WAR'REN (wor'ren), n. An inclosed place for rab-
bits, for beasts and fowls, or for keeping fish in
a river.
WAR'RIOR (wfir'yur), n. A military man ; a brave
s"oldier.
WART, n. A hard excrescence on the flesh ; protu-
berance on trees.
WAR
D6VB, WQLT, BQOK ; RULE, BIX !
517
WAT
WARTTT, o. Overgrown with warts ; like a wart.
WAR'- WHOOP (not wb.99p), n. A savage yell used
in war.
WA'IIY or WA'RY, a. Avoiding danger ; watching
and guarding against deception, artifices, &c.
SYN. Cautious ; circumspect ; prudent ; watch-
ful.
WAS (woz), past tense of the substantive verb AM.
WASH (wosh), v. t. To cleanse by the use of wa-
ter; to wet; to overflow; to scrub; to overlay
by a thin coat of metal.
WASH, v. i. To perform the act of ablution.
WASH (w5sh), n. Alluvial matter, as the wash of
a river; a marsh or fen; a cosmetic, as a wash
for the face; waste liquor ; coat of metal; act of
washing 01 quantity washed.
WASH'-BALL, ,i. A ball of soap used in washing
the hands and face.
WASH'-BOARD, n. A board next the floor ; more
correctly, the surbase, or one on the top of a boat;
a board used to rub clothes on in washing.
WASH'ER, n. One that washes; an iron ring be-
tween the nave of a wheel and the linch-pin, or
between tbe surface of wood, <fcc., and the head
or nut of a bolt ; in paper manufacture, a machine
for reducing rags to pulp.
WASH'ER- WOMAN (w5sh'-), n. A woman who
washes clothes.
WASH'ING (wosh'-), n. The act of cleansing with
water ; a wash ; the clothes washed.
WASH'Y (wosh'y), a. Watery; weak; not solid;
not firm and hardy.
WASP (wosp), n. A genus of insects with a sting ;
a' petulant person.
WASP'ISH, I a. Quick to resent any trifling af-
WASFLIKE, ) front; having a very slender
waist, like a wasp. SYN. Snappish; peevish ; pe-
tulant ; cross ; irritable.
WASP'ISH-LY, ad. In a t>eevish manner.
WASP'ISH-NESS, n. Readiness to take offence or
resent a slight affront. SYN. Irritability ; irasci-
bility ; petulance ; peevishness.
WAS'SAIL (wCs'sil), n. A liquor made of apples,
sugar, and ale ; a drunken bout ; a merry song.
Wassail-bowl, a bowl for wassail.
WAS'SAIL, v. t. To hold a merry drinking meet-
WASTE, v. t. To destroy by violence ; to impair,
diminish, or cause to be lost; to expend need-
lessly; to lose by want of use. SYN. To spend;
dissipate; squander; consume; destroy.
WASTE, v. t. To dwindle ; to loose bulk or sub-
stance ; to be consumed.
WASTE, a. Destroyed ; stripped ; that which is
rejected, used only for mean purposes of which
no account is taken. STN. Destitute ; worthless ;
superfluous; unproductive; desolate; wild; un-
cultivated.
WASTE, n. The act of squandering; the dissipa-
tion of property through negligence, wantonness,
or luxury, &c . ; a desolate or uncultivated coun-
try ; destruction or mischief done to property.
SYN. Prodigality; loss; devastation; havoc;
desolation.
WASTE'-BQOK, n. Among merchants, a book for
rough entries of transactions.
WASTE'FUL, a. Expending property, &c., with-
out necessity or use ; destructive to property, &c.
SYN. Lavish; profuse; prodigal; extravagant.
WASTE'FyL-LY, ad. Lavishly; with useless ex-
pense.
WASTE'FUL-NESS, n: Useless expense; prodi-
gality ; act or practice of expending what is valu-
able without necessity. SYN. Lavishness ; pro-
fusenese ; profusion; dissipation; extravagance.
WASTE'-GATE, n. A gate to discharge water from
a pond.
WASTE'-PLPE, n. A pipe to let off useless water.
WAST'ER, n. One who squanders property without
use.
WATCH (wotch), n. Forbearance of sleep ; one set
apart to protect or give the alarm ; a certain num-
vf'cious e as K ; & is / ; * as z ; OH as SH ; THIS.
her in a ship to attend to the working of the ves-
sel while others sleep ; sentinel ; pocket time-
piece ; time of guarding ; attention.
WATCH, v. t. To have in keeping ; to observe for
some purpose ; to guard.
WATCH, v. i. To be or continue without sleep ;
to be awake ; to look with attention or steadiness ;
to keep guard, as a sentinel ; to take care of the
sick at night ; to be attentive, for a good or evil
end.
WATCH'ER, n. One who watches or observes;
one who sits up or continues awake.
WATCH'ET, a. Pale or light blue.
WATCH'FUL, o. Careful to observe; guarding
with attention and caution. SYN. Vigilant ; cau-
tious ; wakeful ; observing ; attentive ; heedful ;
circumspect; observant.
WATCH'FUL-LY, (w3tch'ful-ly), ad. With watch-
fulness and care.
WATCH'FUL-NESS, n. Great care to guard
against danger ; indisposition or inability to
sleep ; diligent observation. SYN. Vigilance ;
heedfulness ; wakefulness ; circumspection ; cau-
tiousness.
WATCH'-HOUSE (wotch'-house), n. A house in
which a watch or guard is placed.
WATCH'-LIGHT, n. A candle with a rush wick.
WATCH-MAK'ER, n. One who makes watches.
WATCH'MAN, n. A night-guard.
WATCH'-TOW-ER (wotch'-), n. A tower for a sen-
tinel.
WATCH'- WORD (wotch'-wurd), n. A. sentinel's
night-word to ascertain if passers-by are friends
or foes.
WA'TER (wau'ter), n. A transparent fluid com-
posed of oxygen and hydrogen ; the ocean ; a sea ;
a lake or river; urine ; the lustre of a diamond.
WAT'ER, v. t. or v. i. To give or take in water; to
irrigate ; to shed water or liquid matter.
WA'TE R-f! ART, n. A cart bearing water far
sprinkling streets.
WA'TER-CEM'ENT, n. A cement of a particular
kind of lime which hardens under water.
WA'TER-eLQS'ET, n. A necessary, furnished with
a contrivance for carrying off the discharges by
means of a pipe and a stream of water.
WA'TER -GQL-OURS (-kul-lurz), n. pi. Colours di-
luted and mixed with gum-water.
WA'TE R-OURSE, n. A channel for water.
WATER-CRESS, n. A creeping, agreeably-fla-
voured plant, used as a relish for breakfast, &c.
WATER-FALL, n. A cascade; a cataract.
WA'TER-GAytiE, \ n. An instrument for measur-
WA'TER-GACJE, $ ing the quantity of water,
&c.
WA'TER-GRU'EL, n. A liquid food made from
water and meal boiled.
WA'TER-I-NESS, n. A state of abounding in wa-
ter ; moisture; humidity.
WA'TE H-ING, n. The act of overflowing or wetting
with water ; the act of supplying with water, or
place where it is supplied.
r ATER-ISH, a. Resembling water; somewhat
watery ; moist ; thin.
WATER-ISH-NESS, n. Thinness, as a liquor ; re-
semblance to water.
WA TER-LKSS, a. Destitute of water.
WA'TER-LEV'EL, n. The level formed by the sur-
face of still water.
WATER-LIL-Y, n. The common name of aquatic
plants with beautiful and large floating flowers.
WA'TER-LINE, n. A horizontal line supposed to
be drawn about the ship's bottom at the surface
of the water.
WATER-LOGG-ED (-18gd), a. Lying like a log on
the water, as a leaky, unmanageable ship.
WATER-MAN, n. A boatman ; a ferryman.
WATER-MARK, n. The mark or limit of the rise
of the flood ; a mark made in paper.
WA'TE R-MRL'ON, n. A delicious fruit,
WATEK-MILL, n. A mill driven by water.
WATEB-OJ-8EL, . A bird.
WAT
518
WEA
I, fi, &c., lonj. I, i, *c., short. CARE, FAB, LAST, PALL, WHAT ;
WA'TER-OE'DE-AL, n. An obsolete form of judicial
trial, especially for witchcraft.
WATER-POT, n. A vessel to hold water.
WATER-PROOF, a. Not permitting water to enter,
WATER-RAM, n. A machine for raising water by
the momentum of a larger stream.
WATER-ROT, v. t. To rot in water, as flax.
WATER-SHED, n. A range of high land from
which water flows in opposite directions.
WATER-SOAK, v. t.
water.
WATER-SPOUT, n.
To fill the interstices with
A whirling column of water
at sea, but sometimes over land.
WATER-TIGHT (-tlte), a. So tight as not to admit
water.
WATER- WORKS (-wiirks), n. pi. Hydraulic ma-
chines or engines for raising and sustaining water,
forming fountains, jets, &c.
WATER- Y, a. Resembling water; thin or trans-
parent ; tasteless ; containing or abounding with
water. SYN. Aqueous; humid; damp; dark;
washy.
WATTLE (wot'tl), n. A twig or flexible rod; a
hurdle ; the fleshy excrescence that grows under
the throat of a cock or turkey ; a rod laid on a
roof to support the thatch.
WATTLE (wBt'tl), v. t. To bind with twigs; to
twist or interweave twigs one with another.
W4UL, v. i. To cry as a cat.
WAVE, n. A moving swell of water; a billow;
as ually a swell raised and driven by wind ; ine-
quality of surface ; the line or streak of lustre on
watered or calendered cloth. SYN. Billow; surge
breaker; inequality; unevenness.
WAVE, v. i. To play loosely ; to be moved : to
fluctuate ; v. t. to move one way and the other
to brandish ; to waft ; to beckon.
WAVE, t\ t. To put off; to relinquish. Se
WAIVE.
WAVE'LESS, a. Free from waves ; undisturbed.
WAVE'LET, n. A little wave.
WAVE'-OF-FER-ING, n. An offering made with
waving toward the four cardinal points.
WA'VER, v. i. To move to and fro; to be undeter-
mined or unsteady ; to be in danger of falling.
SYN. To hesitate ; vacillate ; totter; reel ; fiuctu
ate, which see.
WA'VER-ER, n. One unsettled in opinions.
WA'VER-ING-NESS, n. The state and quality of
being wavering.
WA'VY, a. Playing to and fro ; undulating.
WAX, n. A thick, tenacious substance excreted by
bees, and used in making their cells ; also a secre-
tion in the ear ; a production of certain plants, as
the wax-palm ; a material for sealing letters, &c. ;
a preparation of pitch used by shoemakers for
strengthening their thread.
WAX, v. i. [pret. WAXED; pp. WAXED, or WAXEN.]
To grow ; to increase ; to pass from one state to
another.
WAX, v. t. To smear or rub with wax.
WAX'-!AN-DLE, >
WAX'-LIGHT, $
WAX'EN (53) (wak'sn), a. Resembling wax ; made
of wax.
MARINE, BiRD; MOTE,
SYN. Route ; method ; system ; form ; fasiiion
road, which see.
WAY'-BlLL, 7i. A list of passengers in a stage-
coach. &c.
WAY'FAR-ER, n. A traveller ; a passenger.
WAY'FAR-ING, a. Travelling or passing.
WAY'LAY (wa'la), v. t. To beset or lie in ambush
for ; to watch insidiously in the way with a view
to seize, rob, or slay.
V\J OCA*C, L\J\J 9 \JL DACbJ .
WAY'LESS (wa'less), a. Having no road or path ;
n. A candle of wax.
WAX,-END, ">n. A thread pointed with a
WAXJSIX-END, ) bristle and covered with shoe-
makers' wax, used in sewing shoes.
WAX'-MYR-TLE, n. A North American shrub,
the berries of which yield a kind of tallow or
wax, called also candle-berry and bay-berry.
WAX'-PALM, n. A palm in South America whose
stem is covered with wax.
WAX'WING, n. The name of a bird, so called from
having small horny appendages on some of the
wing-feathers like drops of red wax.
WAX' WORK (waks'wurk), n. Figures formed of
wax.
WAX'Y, o. Soft like wax ; adhesive.
WAY (wa), n. A passage ; length of space ; course
of life; means; manner; general course of acting ;
manner of thinking ; scheme of management.
trackless.
WAY'MARK, n. A mark to guide travellers.
WAY'WARD, a. Liking his own wayjfroward;
unruly; perverse.
WAY'WARD-LY (wa'ward-ly), ad. Frowardly; per-
yersely.
WAY'WARD-NESS, n. The state or quality of
frowardness ; unruliness ; perverseness.
WAY'WOLE,) 7i. In the Ottoman Empire, the
WAFWODE, ) governor of a small town or pro-
vince.
WE, pron. ; pi. of I.
WEAK (week), a. Having little physical strength,
or not able to bear a great weight ; not strong or
able to resist ; not stiff ; feeble of mind, or want-
ing spirit or understanding, &c. ; not having the
force of authority, moral force, or supported by
argument, or full conviction and confidence. SYN.
Infirm; debilitated; soft; pliant; feeble; un-
fortified ; inconclusive.
WEAKEN (we'kn), t). t. or v. i. To make weak; to
reduce in strength or spirit ; to grow weak.
WEAK'-EN-ER (we'kn-er), n. He or that which
weakens.
WEAK'LING, 7i. A weak person.
WEAK'LY, ad. With little strength or efficacy.
WEAK'LY, a. Infirm ; not strong in constitution
or mind.
WEAK'NESS, n. Want of physical strength ; want
of health ; want of sprightiiness or steadiness ;
infirmity ; want of moral force. STN. Feeble-
ness ; debility ; languor ; imbecility ; frailty ;
faintness.
WEAK'SIDE, n. A foible ; defect ; infirmity.
WEAL (weel), n. A sound or prosperous state, or
not declining ; public interest. SIN. Happi-
ness ; prosperity ; welfare.
WEALD, n. A geological formation between the
chalk and oolite.
WEALTH (wt'lth), n. External happiness ; large
possessions in money or land. SYN. Riches ; af-
fluence; opulence; abundance.
WEALTH'I-LY (wClth'e-ly), ad. Richly; with
abundance.
WEALTH I-NESS, n. State of being affluent;
richness.
WEALTH'Y (welth'y), a. Having large possessions
above the generality of men. SYN. Rich; opu-
lent; affluent.
WEAN (ween), v. t. To accustom to a want of the
breast; to alienate the affections from any ob-
ject ; to reconcile to the loss of.
WEAN'LING, n. One newly weaned.
WEAP'ON (w5p'pn), n. An instrument of offence
or defence ; in the plural, arms.
WEAP'ON-LESS (w&p'pn-), a. Having no weapons.
WEAR (4) (ware), v. t. [pret. WOKE ; pp. WORN.]
To waste by friction or rubbing; to have on the
body, as to wear a sword ; to have or exhibit the
appearance ; to affect by degrees ; to cause a ship
to change her course, or to put her on another
tack. SYN. To waste ; impair ; bear ; consume ;
diminish ; veer.
WEAR, v. i. To be wasted by use or time ; to be
spgnt tediously.
WEAR (ware), n. Act of wearing; diminution by
friction ; the thing worn. Wear and tear, the loss
by wearing, as of machinery.
WEAR (weer), n. A dam in a river; an instrument
or kind of basket-work for catching fish, spelled
also weir and icier.
WEAK'ER (war'er), n. One who wears.
WEA.
519
WEL
DiVE, WOLF, BQQJC; RULE, BULL; Vf'CIOUS.'
WEA'RIED (we'rid) a. Tired; fatigued.
WEA'RI-LY, ad. In a tired or fatigued manner.
WEA'RI-NESS, n. The state of being weary, or
lassitude induced by labour ; uneasiness from con-
stant waiting, disappointed expectation, <fcc. ; fa-
tigue.
WEA'RI-SOME (we're-stim), o. Causing weariness.
SYN. Troublesome ; annoying ; tiresome , te-
dious ; fati^uinsr ; irksome. [diously.
WEA'RI-SOME-LY, ad. So as to weary ; te-
WEA'RI-SOME-NESS, n. The quality of exhaust-
ing strength or patience. SYN. Irksomeness;
tiresomeness ; tediousness.
WEA'RY, (we'ry), <* Having the strength or pa-
tience much exhausted by toil or discouragement;
causing weariness. SYN. Tired; fatigued; tire-
some ; irksome ; wearisome.
VVEA'KY (we'ry), r. t. To reduce strength; to
make impatient of continuance ; to harass by any
thing irksome. SYN. To tire ; fatigue ; fag ; vex ;
dispirit ; jade, which see.
WEA'SAND, ) . -, ^ (n. The windpipe or
WE'SAND, j (wezand), ( trachea .
WA'$.EL (we'zl), n. A small slender animal that
lives on birds and mice.
WEA'f H'ER (weth'er), n. The state of the atmos-
phere with respect to heat or cold, wetness or
dryness, calm or storm, clearness or cloudiness ;
change of the state of the air.
WEATH'ER (weth'er), v. t. To sail to the wind-
ward of, as to weather a point ; to wear by expos-
ure to the element 3 , as the rock was weathered.
WEATH'ER-BOARD (w&h'er-), n. The side of a
ship toward the wind ; a board between the shing-
ling of a roof, and the side beneath near the cor-
nice.
WEATH'ER-BOARD-ING (weth'er-;, n. The nail-
ing of boards overlapping one another, or the
boards themselves. [weather.
WEATH'ER-BOUND (weth'er-), c. Delayed by bad
WEATH'ER-eOCK (weth'er-), . A turning vane
on a spire ; any thing that turns easily and often ;
a fickle, inconstant person.
WEATHER-GAGE (weth'er-;, n. That which
shows the weather ; the windward side of a ship.
WEATH'ER-GALL, n. A secondary rainbow, said
to betoken bad weather.
WEATH'ER-GLASS (weth'er-), n. An instrument
to show the state of the weather.
WfiATH'ER-ING (weth'er-), n. The action of the
elements in altering the surface of rocks, &c.
WEATH'EB-MOULD-INQ (weth'er-) n. A canopy
over doors and windows to throw off the rain.
WEATH'ER-MOST (weth'er-), a. Furthest to the
windward of.
WEATH'ER-WI$E (weth'er-), o. Skilful in fore-
telling the changes or the state of the weather.
WEAVE (weeve), v. t. [pret. WOVE; pp. WOVE,
WOVEN.] To unite threads and form cloth ; to
unite any thing flexible or by close connection.
WEAVER, n. One who weaves ; a spider ; a bird ;
a fish.
WEAVING, n. The act or art of forming cloth in
the loom by the union of threids ; task or work
done in making cloth.
WfiB, n. Any thing woven ; a film over the eye.
WEBBED (wgbd), a. Having toes united by a
membrane.
WEB'BING, n. A narrow woven fabric, used for
suspenders, straps, &c.
WB'-FQOT-ED, a. Having webbed feet, as aqua-
tic birds.
WED, v. t. To marry; to join in marriage; to
unite closely in affection ; to unite for ever.
WED, v. t. To marry ; to contract matrimony.
WED'DED, a. Married ; closely attached.
WELVDING, n. A marriage ; nuptial festivity.
WEDGE, n. A piece of metal or of wood, sloping to
an edge, for splitting, &c. ; a mass of m-
wedge of silver.
WEDGE, r. t. To fasten with wedges ; to drive, as
a wedge U driven ; to force its way.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; B as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
WED'LOCK, n. Married state ; matrimony ; mar-
riage, which see.
WD'NE$-DAY (wgnz'da), n. The fourth day of
the week ; the next after Tuesday.
WEED, n. A useless or troublesome plant.
WEED, n. A garment. [The word is now used in
the plural for mourning apparel.]
WEED, v. t. To free from noxious plants, or from
any thing hurtful or offensive.
WEED'ING, n. The operation of freeing from
noxious weeds.
WEED'Y, a. Full of weeds; consisting of weeds.
WEED'I-NESS, n. The state of abounding in
weeds.
WEEK, n. The space of seven days ; a prophetic
ooeefc, in Scripture, is one of years, or seven
years.
WEEK'-DAY, n. Any day except the Sabbath.
WEEK'LY, a. Coming or done every week.
WEEK LY, ad. Once a week.
"VVFTTT -\
WEEL'Y j "" A trap or snare for nslu
WEEN, v. i. To think ; to suppose ; to fancy.
WEEP, v. i. or v. t. [pret. and pp WEPT.] To ex-
press sorrow or anguish by outcry ; to shed tears
or moisture ; to drop or abound in wet. SYN. To
bemoan ; bewail ; lament ; complain ; mourn.
WEEP'ER, n. One who weeps ; a mourner ; a
Siece of white cloth worn round the cuff, &c., at
merals.
WEEP'ING, n. Lamentation.
WEEP'ING-WIL-LOW, n. A species of willow,
with long, slender branches, hanging down nearly
perpendicular.
WEEVER, n. A fish of the pprch family.
WEETIL, n. A small kind of insect very destruc-
tive to grain.
WEFT, n. A thing woven ; the woof of cloth.
WEIGH (wa), v. t. or v. i. To ascertain weight;
to raise, as an anchor, &c. ; to take by weight ,
to have weight ; to consider ; to be considered
as important ; to bear heavily.
WEIGH (wa), n. A certain quantity; 266 pounds
avoirdupois ; u-ey, which see.
WEIGH'A-BLE (wa'a-bl), a. That may be weighed.
WEIGH'ER (wa'er), n. One who weighs, or whose
duty it is to weigh commodities.
WEIGH'ING, n. The act of ascertining weight ; as
much as is weighed at once.
WEIGHT (wate), n. The quantity of a body, as-
certained by the balance ; a mass of met:d
used for ascertaining the weight of other bodies ;
a ponderous mass ; in median ics, that which re-
ceives motion opposed to the power of motion ;
that which is highly important and worthy of
consideration; pressure; burden; importance.
WEIGHT'I-LY (wa'te-ly), ad. Heavily; with im-
portance or impressiveness.
WEIGHT'I-NESS (wa'te-ness), n. Heaviness ; so-
lidity; force; importance; power of conceiving.
WEIGHTLESS, a. Having no weight; li^ht un-
important.
WEIGHT'Y (wa'ty), o. Having great weight-
adapted to convince. SYN. II eavy ; momentous
forcible ; efficacious ; important. '
WEIR, n. A dam or fence set in a river for the
purpose of taking fish. -See WEAR.
WEIKD (weerd), n. A spell or charm ; a, skilled in
witchcraft.
WELCOME (wei'kum), o. Received with gladness
or free of expense ; producing gladness ; free to
enjoy. SYN. Acceptable; agreeable; grate-
WEL'0ME. n. A kind reception.
WEL'OME (weTkum), inf. Used elliptically for
you are welcome.
WEL'-eOME, v. t. To salute with kindness to en-
tertain hospitably and cheerfully
WEL'OME-LY (wel'kum-), ad. ' In a welcome
manner.
WL'UME-NESS, n. Kind reception ; agreeable-
WEL
520
WHE
I, f . &c., long. I, 4, <fcc., short. -CAKB, JAR, LAST,
WEL'6M-ER, n. One who bids or receives
kindly.
WELD, v. t. To beat into firm union, as two pieces
of iron when heated almost to fusion.
WELD'ING, n. The act or process of uniting pieces
of iron by hammering when intensely heated.
WEL'FARE, '.i. Exemption from misfortune, sick-
ness. &c. ; the enjoyment of health, &c. ; exemp-
tion from calamity, or the enjoyment of peace,
&c., as of states. SYN. Happiness; prosperity;
health; well-being: success.
WEL'KIN, n. The sky or region of the air.
WELL, n. A spring ; a pit of water ; a fountain ; a
hole or excavation in the earth, as in mining in
war ; apartment in a ship enclosing the pumps.
WELL, o. Not sick ; being in a good state or in
favour. SYN. Fortunate; convenient; advanta-
geous; happy.
WELL, ad. Not amiss ; rightly ; properly.
WELL, v. t. To spring j to issue forth, as water
from the earth.
WELL'A-DAY,tnt. Alas!
WELL'-BE-ING, n. Welfare; prosperity.
WELL'-BORN, o. Born of a respectable family;
not of mean birth.
WELL'-BRED, a. Having a polite education ; well
educated or trained.
WELL'-DONE' ex. A word of praise.
WELL'-FA-VOUR-ET>, a. Pleasing to the eye.
WfiLL'-HEAD, n. A source, spring, or fountain.
WELL'-HOLE, n. In stairs, the open space beyond
the ends ; a cavity for a counterbalancing weight
in mechanical contrivances.
WELL'-MAN-NER.ED, a. Polite; well-bred.
WELL-MBAN'ING, a. Having good intentions.
WELL'-MET', int. A term of salutation, denoting
joy at meeting.
WELL'-NIGH (-ni), ad. Very nearly ; almost.
WELL'-READ, a. Of extensive reading or informa-
tion.
WELL'-SPENT, a. Spent in the performance of
duty.
WELL'-SPO'K2?N, a. Speaking well or kindly;
spoken with propriety.
WfiLL'-SPRING, n. A source of continual supply.
WELL'-SYVEEP, n. A pole to raise a bucket in a
well.
WELL'-TEMP-ER-ED, a. Properly tempered, as
steel ; good-tempered, as a person.
WLL'-WA-TER, n. Water flowing into a well
from springs ; water drawn from a well.
WELL'-WISH-ER, n. One who wishes good to
another.
WELS H , a. Pertaining to Wales.
WELSH, n. The inhabitants of Wales; their Ian-
FALL, WHAT ; THiBE, TBBM; HABi'NE, BIKJD; MOVE,
WEST, ad. To the western region; at the west-
ward.
WEST'ER-LY, a. Toward the west ; being in th e
west ; moving from the west, as wind.
WEST'ER-LY, ad. Tending toward the west.
WESTERN, a. Being in the west ; moving toward
the quarter where the sun sets.
- Toward the west.
5LSH-RAB'BIT or RARE-BIT, n. Cheese melt-
ed and spread over toasted bread.
WELT, n. A border ; a kind of hem or edging on a
garment or on a shoe.
WELT, v. t. To furnish with a welt.
WEL'TER, v. i. To roll, as in blood or mire.
WELT'ING, n. The act of putting on a welt; a
welt put on.
WEN, n. A fleshy excrescence on animals;
WENCH, n. A young woman ; a low woman ; a
coloured female servant ; a negress.
WENCH, v. i. To frequent the company of aban-
doned women.
WE x CH'ING, n. Practice of lewdness.
WEND, v. i. Togo; to pass to or from; to turn
round.
WEN'NY, a. Having the nature of a wen.
WER-NERTAN, a. Pertaining to, or advocated by
Werner; Neptunian; n. a Neptunist.
WfiRST. See VEEST.
WES'LEY-AN, n. Follower of John Wesley ; an
Arminianmct V -list.
WEST, n. T:,,; point or region where the sun
sets.
WEST, o. Situated toward the setting sun ; com-
ing or moving from the west, as wind.
WET, a. Containing water, or having water or
other liquid on the surface ; rainy ; nasty, which
see.
WET, n. Water ; moisture or humidity in a con-
siderable degree ; rainy, foggy, or misty weather.
WET, v. t. To fill or moisten with a liquid ; to
sprinkle ; to dip or soak in liquor ; to moisten
with drink.
WETH'ER, n. A male sheep castrated.
WET'NESS, n. State of being wet ; a watery or
moist state of the atmosphere ; a state of bem.?
rainy, foggy, or misty. SYX. Moisture; humid-
ity ; wateriness ; mistiness.
WET'TISH, a. Somewhat wet; moist; humid.
WEY (wa), n. A weigh, or certain quantity, as 6}
tods of wool ; 256 Ibs. of cheese or butter, &c.
WHACK (hwak), v. t. To strike.
WHALE (hwale), n. The largest of all marina
mammals, improperly called a./is7i.
WHALE'BONE, n. A firm, elastic substance taken
from the upper jaw of the whale.
WHALE'-FISH-ING, ,i. The occupation of taking
WHALE'MAN, n. A person employed in whale
fishing.
WHAL'ER, n. A ship employed in the whale fish-
WHAP'PER (hwSp'per), n. Something uncommon-
ly large of the kind ; a lie. [Fulgrar.J
WHARF (hworf), n. ; pi. WHAKFS, less frequently
WHARVES. A mole or pier for landing goods.
WHARF, M. t. To guard or secure by a wharf.
WHARF' AGE, n. Fee or duty for using a wharf.
WHARF'IN-GER, n. The owner or keeper of a
wharf.
WHAT (hwot). pron. relative and interrogative
That which; in part ; an inter jec., by way of sur-
prise, as " What, could ye not watch with me one
hour ?"
WHAT-EVER, ") pron. Being this or that ; all
WHAT-SO-EVER, J that.
WHAT'NOT, *i. A piece of furniture having shelves
for papers, books, &c.
WHEAL, n. A pustule. See WEAL.
WHEAT (wheet), n. A plant which furnishes a
rhite nutritious flour, used for bread, &c.
WHEAT'EN (whe'tn), a. Made of wheat.
WHEAT'FLY, n. A name of several insects inju-
rious to wheat, as the H essian-fly, wheat-moth,
&c.
WHEE'DLE, v. t. To entice by soft words. SYN.
To flatter ; coax ; cajole ; fawn.
WHEED'LING, n. The act of flattering or entic-
ing.
WHEEL, n. A circular frame turning on its axis ;
a circular body ; an instrument for spinning and
for torture ; a turning ; in pottery, a round board
turned horizontally by a lathe, on which the clay
is shaped by the hand; in ships, a circular frame
with handles on the rim, used in steering.
WHEEL, v. t. To move or convey on wheels.
WHEEL, v. t. To turn on an axis ; to move rouml,
as a body of troops wheel to the right or left ; to
put into a rotary motion.
WHEEL'-BAK-ROW, n. A carriage with one
wheel and rolled by a single man.
WHEELING, n. The act of conveying or passing
on wheels ; a turning or circular movement of
troops.
WHEEL-ER, n. A wheel horse, or one next the
wheels ; a wheel-wright.
WHEEL'-WRIGHT (hweel'-rlte), n. A maker of
wheels.
WHB
DOVB, W?LF, BO<?K; RULE, ByLL ; VICIOUS.-
WHEELTT, a. Like a wheel ; circular.
WHEEZE, v. t. To breathe hard and with an au
dible sound, as in the asthma.
WHEEZ'ING, n. The act of breathing with diffi
culty and noise.
WHELK, n. A protuberance ; a pustule ; a single-
shelled fish used for food.
WHELM, v. t. To cover with water, &c. ; to im-
merse or bury ; to overburden.
WHELP, n. The young of the canine species and
of several other beasts of prey ; a puppy ; a cub.
WHELP, v. i. To bring forth young, as the female
of the canine species.
WHEN, ad. At what time [interrogatively] ; at that
time; after the time that.
WHENCE, ad. From what place or source ; from
wmch premises, principles, or facts ; how. Frovr
whence is a vicious tautology.
WHENCE-SO-EV'ER, ad. From whatever place.
TOEN Jo!? J3B, } * At whatever time '
WHERE (12) (hware), ad. At or in what place ; at
the place in which ; whither, which see.
WHERE- A-BOUT' , \ ad. Near which place ; con-
WiiERE-A-BOUTS', j cerning which.
WHERE-AS', ad. But ; when in fact or truth ; on
the contrary; the thing being so that.
WUERK'AT', ad. At which; whereupon.
WHERK-BY', ad. By which; by what [interroga-
tively.'} [what reason.
WHERE'FORE, ad. for which reason ; why ; for
WHfiRE-lV, ad. In which thing or place, &c. ; in
521
WHI
', ad. Into which.
WH&KE-OF', ad. Of or concerning which.
WHERE-SO-EVER, ad. In what place soever.
wHf RE'UN'TO I a ^' *^ wn ^ c ^ ^ w ^ a t end.
WHER-E V'ER, ad. At whatever place.
W HERE- WITH', ") ad. With which ; with what
WHERE- W 1TH-AL', * [interrogatively.]
WHfiR'RY, n. A boat used on rivers; also the
name of several kinds of light craft.
WHET, v. t. To sharpen by friction ; to edge; to
stimulate ; to provoke.
WHET, n. The act of sharpening by friction;
something that stimulates the appetite.
WHETHER, pron. Which of the two; which of
two alternatives, and followed by or as an adverb.
WHET'STONE, n. A stoue for sharpening edge tools.
WHEW, -int. An expression denoting doubt or
contempt.
WHEY (hwa), n. The thin part of milk separated
in making cheese.
WHICH, pron., relative, for a thing or for a sen-
tence ; interrogate ely, it is used in all genders.
WHICH-EV'ER, \pron. Whether one or the
WHICH-SO-E V'ER, $ other.
WHIFF (hwtf), n. A puff of air; a sudden expul-
sion of air from the mouth.
WHIFF, v. t. To puff; to throw out in whiffa.
WHIFFLE (hwff'fi), v. i. To start, turn, or change
from one opinion or course to another ; to use
evasions ; to be fickle or unsteady. SYN. To
shift ; evade ; shuffle ; prevaricate.
WHlF'FLER, 7i. One who evades or prevaricates,
or frequently changes his course or opinions, &c.
WHIF'FLE-TKEE, n. The bar to which traces of
a carriage are fastened for draft; called also
TFTupple-iree.
WHIG, n. A term used to denote one of a political
party opposed to the Tories ; an advocate of po-
pular rights.
WHlG'GISII, a. Inclined to whiggism.
WHIG'GER^Y. } n " The P rinci P le3 of T^fe*
WHILE, n. Time; space of time ; continued du-
ration.
WHILE, v. i. To cause to pass pleasantly ; to loi-
ter. To u-Iiile au-aj/, as time, is to loiter.
e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH; SHIS.
WHILE, ad. During the time that ; as long as.
SYN. Though. Both these words are used in com-
paring things or drawing parallels between them ;
but though also implies contrast, which while does
not. We may say. " While I admire his courage,
I honour him for his self-denial ;" and " Though
I admire his courage, yet I detest his ferocity."
WHIL'OM, ad. Formerly ; of old. [Obsolete.]
WHILST is sometimes used for while.
WHIM, n. A capricious notion. SYN. Freak.
A freak is literally a sudden start or change of
place, and hence denotes some particular act
which is hasty or fanciful, perhaps humorous or
childish ; a whim, is dictated by caprice, and usu-
ally implies a state of mind more or less perma-
nent. The young are apt to have their /reaks, and
the old to indulge in whims.
WHI M'BRE L, n. A bird allied to the curlew.
WHIM'PER, v. i. To cry with a low, whining
voice.
WHlM'PER-ING, n. A low, muttering cry or
whine.
WHIM'SEY, n. A freak of fancy.
WHlM'SI-!AL, a. Having odd fancies; fuU of
whims. SYN. Freakish; capricious; fanciful;
fantastical ; Attaint, which see.
WHIM-SI-!AL'I-TY, \n-. Whimsical disposition ;
WHL\m-<3AL-NESS,j odd temper. SYN.
Freakishness ; capriciousness ; oddity.
WHIM'SI-AL-LY, ad. With freakishness.
WHIM'- WHAM, n. A plaything; an odd fancy or
device.
WHIN, n. A prickly shrub ; gorse ; furze.
WHINE, v. i. To murmur in a plaintive tone; to
murmur meanly.
WHINE, n. A nasal, puerile tone of complaint.
WHIN'E K, n. One who whines.
WHIN'NY, v. i. To make a certain noise, as a
horse ; to neigh.
WHIN'OCK, n. The youngest pig of a litter.
WHlN'-STONE, n. A name applied by miners to
basaltic rock, or any kind of dark- coloured and
hard stone ; greenstone ; granite is provincially
called peasy whin.
WHIP, n. An instrument for driving horses or for
chastising, consisting of a handle and lash ; a
coachman or driver of a carriage ; in ships, a.
small tackle with a single rope to hoist light
bodies.
WHIP, v. t. To strike or punish with a whip ; to
drive with lashes ; to beat out, as grain, by strik-
ing; to sew slightly. SYN. To lash; chastise;
beat; thrash; scourge.
WHIP, v. i. To move nimbly; to start suddenly
and run, or to turn and run.
WHlP'-eORD, n. A hard-twisted cord for whips,
&c.
WHlP'-GRAFT, v. t. To graft by cutting the scion
and stock in a sloping direction, and inserting a
tongue on the scion into a slit in the stock.
WHlP'-HAND, n. An advantage over another.
WHlP'PER, 71. One who whips ; an ofiicer.
WHlP'PER-lN, n. Among huntsmen, ono vrho
keeps the hounds from wandering; hence, one
who enforces party discipline, attendance, &c.
WHIP'PER-SNAP'PER, n. A diminutive, insigni-
ficant person.
WHIFFING, n. Act of striking; a punishing;
tho Ft ate of being whipped.
WHIP'PING-POST, n. A post to which culprits
are tied for whipping.
WHIP'PLE-TREE. See WHIFFLB-TREB.
-VHIP'PO-.wiL, \n. The popular name of a
/VHIP'POOR-WILLJ bird allied to the night-
hawk.
WHlP'-SAW, n. A large saw for two per
WHIP'-StAFF, 7i. In ships, a bar by i
rudder is turned.
WHIP'STER, 7i. A sharper ; a nimble fellow.
WHlP'-STlCK, ) n. The hand or rod to which tho
WHlP'-STOCK,f lash is fastened.
WHIR (17), v. i. To whirl; to fly with noise.
sons,
which the
WHI
i, fi. &c., long. I, , &c., short. CAGE, Flu, LIST,
WHIRL, v. t. or v. i. To turn or be twined with
violence or rapidity; to turn round rapidly; to
move hastily. SYN. To wheel; twirl; revolve;
circulate.
WlllRL (hwirl), n. A rapid turning; form of a
flower ; any thing that is moved or is turned with
velocity ; a hook used in twisting.
WHlRL'-BAT, n. Any thing whirled round in
order to strike hard.
WHlRL'BONE, n. The cap of the knee; the knee
WHiRL'I-GIG, n. A plaything which children spin
or whirl round.
WHlRL'ING, n. Act of turning or moving
round.
WlllRL'ING^TA-BLE, n. A machine which, by
giving bodies a rotary motion, represents phe-
nomena of centrifugal force.
WHlRL'POOL, n. An eddy ; a vortex of water
where it moves circularly.
WHiRL'WIND, n. A wind moving circularly,
raising and whirling dust, leaves, &c.
WHlR'RlNG, n. Tne sound made by a bird's rapid
flight.
WHISK, n. A small bunch of grass, straw, c. ;
hence, a brush or small besom ; a culinary instru-
ment for beating up the whites of eggs and similar
operations ; a kind of tippet.
WHISK, v. t. or v. i. To brush with a whisk ; to
sweep or agitate wibh a light, rapid motion ; to
move nimbly and lightly, and with velocity.
WHI S'KER, n. Long hair on the cheek.
WHIS'KY, n. A spirit distilled from grain ; a one
horse chaise.
WHlS'PER, v. i. To speak or utter with a low,
hissing voice ; to speak with suspicion ; to plot
secretly.
WHIS'PER, v. t. To address in a low voice, so as
only to be heard by one quite near.
WHIS'PER, n. A low, soft voice, or words so ut-
tered ; a cautious or timorous speech ; a hissing
or buzzing sound.
WHlSTER-ER, n. One who whispers ; one who
tells secrets or secretly slanders. SYN. A tattler ;
backbiter; slanderer.
WHlS'PER-ING, n. A speaking with a low voice ;
a backbiting ; a telling of tales.
WHIST (hwist), a. Still ; not speaking ; mute.
WHIST (hwlst), int. An exclamation, meaning
hush, be still.
WHiST (twist), n. A game at cards, so called be-
cause it requires silence 01 close attention.
WHlS'TLE (hwfa'sl), v. i. To make a kind of
musical sound by forcing air or steam through a
small orifice ; to play on a pipe ; to sound shrill.
WHISTLE (hwis'sl), v. t. To form or modulate by
whistling, as to whistle a tune ; to call.
WHlS'TLE (hwfe'sl), n. A pipa that makes a shrill
sound ; the sound made by a small wind instru-
ment or by the breath ; the organ of whistling ;
the shrill sound of the wind among the trees, &c. ;
a call by sportsmen to their dogs ; a shrill sound
made by escape of steam through a small orifice in
a locomotive, as a signal or alarm.
WHlS'TLER, n. One who whistles.
WHlS'TLING, n. A shrill sound. [tittle.
WHIT, n. A very small part. SYN. A point; jot;
WHITE, a. Not having colour, or that of snow ;
having the colour of purity ; free from spot ; puri-
fied from sin. SYN. Pale ; snowy ; pure ; un-
blemished; sanctified.
WHITE, n. 'A destitution of colour; part of the
eye and of an egg ; any thing destitute of colour.
WHITE, > v. t. or v. i. To make
WHIT'EN (53) (hwrtii), $ white; to bleach; to,
become or turn white.
WHITE'-BAIT, n. A very small fish of the herring
kind ; the ministerial dinner at the close of Par-
liament.
WHITE'-AP, n. Name of a large wave that curls
over in foam.
WHITE'-FISH, n. A small fish allied to the her-
522 WHO
F^LL, WHAT; THRE, TfcRM; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
ring, used as manure ; also a fish of the salmon
family in the lakes.
WHITE'-LEAD (-ISd), n. Lead united with an
acid, used in painting.
WHITE'-LIV-ERED, a. Having a pale look;
feeble ; cowardly ; envious or malicious.
WHITE'-MEAT, r\. Meat made of milk, butter,
cheese, eggs, and the like.
WHlTE'NESS, n. The state of being white ; free-
dom from darkness, obscurity, or stain. SYN.
Paleness; purity; cleanness.
WHITES, n. pi. The fluor albus; a disease of fe-
males.
WHITE'-SWELL ING, n. An indolent swelling in
scrofulous habits, especially in the knee-joint.
WHITE'WASH (-wosh), n. A wash for the skin ; a
composition of lime and water for whitening
plaster, &c.
WHITE'WASH, v. t. To cover with witewash ; to
make white ; to give a fair external appearance.
WHITE'WASH-ER (-wosh-), n. One who white-
WHITE'-WINE, n. Any wine of a clear, trans-
parent colour, bordering on white, as Medeira,
sherry.
WHITE'WQQD, n; A species of timber-tree; the
tulip-tree.
WHIT-FILD'I-AN, n. A follower of George Whit-
field ; a Calvinistic methodist.
WHlTH'ER. ad. To what place or degree.-SYN.
Where. Whither is now to a great extent obso-
lete, except in poetry, or in compositions of a
grave and serious character; where has impro-
perly taken its place, as in the question, " Where
are you going ?" &c.
WHlTH'ER-Su-fiV'ER, o. To whatsoever place.
WHIT'ING, n. Ground chalk, the same as Spanish
white ; a delicate fish allied to the cod.
WHIT'ISH, a. Moderately white.
WHIT'ISH-NESS, n. Moderate degree of white-
ness.
WHIT'LEATH-ER (-lgth-er), n. Leather dressed
with alum ; animal ligaments.
WHlT'LOW, n. A tumour near the finger nail.
WHlT'SUN-DAY, ) n. The seventh Sunday after
WHIT'SUN-TIDE, j Easter, commemorating the
descent of the Holy Spirit at the feast of Pentecost.
WHlT'TLE (hwlt'tl), n. A small pocket knife ; a
white woollen mantle for a woman.
WHlT'TLE (hwit'tl), v. t. To pare or cut off the
surface of a thing with a small knife.
WHiZ (hwiz), v. t. To make a hissing sound, like
an arrow or a ball flying through the air.
WHJZ ? ZING,} n ' A hissing sound.
WHO (hoo), pron. relative, and interrogative, with
reference to persons, as which to things.
WHO-EV'ER, pron. Any person whatever.
WHOLE (19) (hole), a. Containing the total
amount or number, or the entire thrfl ; not de-
fective or impaired ; not hurt or sick ; restored to
health. SYN. All ; complete ; undivided ; sound;
healthy; well.
WHOLE, n. The entire thing ; a system or regular
combination of parts. SYN. Totality ; amount ;
aggregate; gross.
WHOLE'NESS, n. The state of being whole,
sound, &c.
WHOLE'SALE, n. Sale of goods by the piece or
quantity ; the whole mass ; a. buying and selling
J' the quantity ; pertaining to the trade by the
;ce or quantitv.
OLE'SOME (hol'sum), a. Tending to promote
o- favourable to health, morals, &c. ; pleasing;
that utters sound words. SYN. Salubrious;
sound ; salutary ; useful ; kindly.
WHOLE'SOME-LY, ad. So as to be salubrious or
salutary;
WHOLE'SOME-NESS, n. Salubrity; the quality
of contributing to health of body or mind, or the
state, &c. ; salutariness.
WHOL'LY, ad. Totally; completely; entirely.
WHO
523
WIL
, W<?LF, BOOK ; BtLE, ByLL ; vl"cious. -e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CnaaSHj THIS.
WHOM (hoom), pron. Objective case of WHO.
WHO \f-SO-EVEK, pron. Any person, without ex-
ception.
WHOOP (hoop), n. A shout of pursuit or war, par-
ticularly of attack ; v. i. to shout.
WHOOP-ING-OUGfI, n. An infectious disease
of childhood, so called from the whooping inspir-
ation which accompanies the fits of coughing.
WHORE (hore), n. A lewd woman ; one who prac-
tises unlawful commerce with men, especially for
hire. SYN. Harlot; courtezan; strumpet; pro-
stitute; concubine.
WHOEE, v. t. To practise lewdness.
WHO RE, v. i. To have unlawful sexual commerce ;
to practise lewdness.
WHORE'DOM (hure'dum), n. Practice of unlaw-
ful commerce with the other sex ; lewdness ;
idolatry.
WHOKE'-MASTER, ") n. A man addicted to lewd-
WHORE'-MONO G ER, $ ness.
WHOR'ISH, a. Addicted to unlawful commerce.
WHORL (hwurl), n. An arrangement of a number
of leaves or flowers around a stem ; one of the
turns of a univalve shell.
WHOR'TLE-BfiR-RY, n. A plant or shrub with its
fruit, called huckleberry.
WHOSE-SO-EV'ER, pron. Of any person what-
ever.
WIELD'LESS, a. Unmanageable.
WIELD'Y, a. That may be managed.
WI'ER-Y, a. Made of or like wire ; having thepro-
perties of wire. See WIRY.
WIFE, .; pi. WIVES. The lawful consort of a
man ; correlative of husband.
\VI F E'HOQD, n. State or character of a wife.
WlFE'LESS, a. Without a wife ; unmarried.
WlG, n. An artificial covering of hair for the
head.
WIGHT (wlte), . A person ; a being. [.Obsolete,
rt or irony.]
WIG'WAM, n. An Indian hut or cabin.
WILD, a. Roving or wandering unrestrained;
growing without or not refined by culture; not
tame; licentious ; done without plan or order ;
not well digested ; exposed to wind or sea ; made
or found in the forest. SYN. Savag-e ; desert ; un-
civilized ; ungoverned ; inconstant ; loose ; irre-
gular; disorderly.
WILD, n. A desert; a waste ; an uncultivated re-
gion.
WILD'-BOAR, n. A wild animal of the hog kind.
WILDCAT, n. A ferocious animal of the cat spe-
cies, with a thick tail.
WlL'DER, v. t. To cause to lose the way.
WIL'DER-NESS, n. A desert; uninhabited land;
a forest.
WlLD'-FlRE, n.
A composition of inflammable
matter ; a disease of sheep.
To pronounce r with force or jarring. WILD'-FOWL, n. Birds of the forest or wild 1 ,
especially those sought after by sportsmen.
WILD'-GOOSE, n. An aquatic fowl and a bird o<
WHOR, v. i.
WHtJR, n. The sound of a body moving through
the air with velocity. See WHIR.
WHY, ad. Wherefore ; for what reason.
playing cricket.
WICK'LIFF-
WlCK, n. The threads or string of a candle or
lamp, which is moistened by the grease or oil and
burns brilliantly.
WiCK'ED, a. Evil in principle and practice; ad-
dicted to vice ; deviating irom the divine law; bane-
ful in effect. SYN. Sinful; criminal; immoral;
unholy ; ungodly ; -iniquitous, which see.
WICK'ED-LY, ad. With motives contrary to the
divine law.
WlCK'ED-NESS, n. Evil disposition or practices ;
corrupt manners ; departure from the rules of di-
vine law. SYN. Sin ; sinfulness ; iniquity ; im-
morality ; vice ; impiety : irreligion.
WICK'EK, a. Made of small willows or twigs.
WlCK'ET, n. A small gate; a bar or rod used in
"cket.
ITE, n. A follower of John Wickliffe,
" the morning star of the Reformation."
WIDE, a. Having great or considerable distance
between the sides; opposed to narrow; having
great extent each way ; deviating, as icicle of the
truth. SYN. Broad ; extensive ; large ; remote ;
distant.
WIDE'LY, ad. With great extent each way; to
a great distance. SYN. Far; extensively; re-
motely.
WID'-EN (wl'dn), v. t. or v. i. To make or become
wide or wider.
WIDE'NESS, n. Breadth in all directions ; state of
being wide; large extent. SYS. Width ; breadth;
extensiveness ; remoteness.
WIDESPREAD (-spred), a. Extending far.
WIDE'SPREAD-ING (-spred'ing), o. Spreading to
a great extent or distance.
WID'GEON (wWjun;, n. A water-fowl of the duck
kind, but smaller.
WID'OW (wVd'6), n. A woman bereaved of her hus-
WlD'OW, r. *. To deprive of a husband ; to strip
of any th^n^ good.
WID'OW -Ell, n. A man who has lost his wife by
death.
W ID'O W-HOOD, n. The state of a widow.
WIDTH, n. ' 'Breadth; wideness; the extent of a
thing from side to side.
WIELD (weeld), v. t. To use with power; to em-
ploy with the' hand. STN. To swing; sway; ma-
nage; handle.
WILD-GOOSE'-CHASE, n. A vain pursuit.
WlLD'ING, n. That which grows wild without
cultivation ; a wild sour apple.
WILD'LY, ad. Without cultivation or tamenesg ;
without attention ; with disorder. SYN. Heed-
lessly ; irrationally ; fiercely ; irregularly ; licen-
tiously.
WILD'-OATS, n. Thoughtless dissipation.
WlLD'NESS, n. Fierceness ; ungovernableiiess ;
uncultivated state; inordinate disposition to
rove or irregularity of manner ; state of being un-
tamed. SYN. Rudeness ; brutality ; savageness ;
irregularity.
WILE, n. A trick or stratagem for ensnaring or
deception; a sly artifice. SYN. Trick; artifice;
stratagem.
WTLI-NES8, n. Cunning; craft; subtlety.
WILL, n. The faculty of choosing or determining' ;
choice ; command ; disposition ; arbitrary dis-
posal ; the disposition by one of his property, to
take effect alter death. SYN. Determination;
pleasure; desire; direction; purpose; testa-
ment.
WILL, v. t. To determine of decide that some-
thing shall be done ; to be inclined or resolved
to t have ; to command ; to dispose by testament.
SYN. To direct; enjoin; wish; desire; be-
queath, &c.
WIL'FFL, a. Governed by the will without
yielding to reason ; obstinate or refractory. SYN.
Perverse; inflexible: stubborn; ungovernable.
WIL'FUL-LY, ad. With set purpose; obstinately.
WlL'FUL-^ESS, n. Obstinacy of will ; perverse-
ness; stubbornness.
WILL' ING, a. Free to do or grant ; having the
mind inclined ; desirous; receiving without reluc-
tance or of choice ; spontaneous ; consenting ;
disposed ; prompt.
WILL'JNG-LY, ad. Cheerfully; gladly; readily.
WlLL'ING-NESS, n. Free choice ; consent of "the
will; readiness of the mind ; willinc,'hood.
WILL-O'-THE-WISP, n. The ig T light
that appears over marshy ground, probably axisirg
from the decomposition of animal matter.
\V, n. A tree of several sorts.
WlL'LOW-ING,) n. The operation of opening and
TYlL'LY-ING, j disentangling locks of wool
by a machine called willy or willow.
WIL
524
WIS
i, 1, &c., long. I, i, &&, short. ciRE, FAB, LAST,
WIL/LOW-ISH, o. Like the colour of the willow.
WlL'LOW-Y, o. Abounding with willows.
WILT, v. t. or v t. To cause to begin to wither ; to
begin to wither ; to cause to languish ; to depress
or destroy the vigour and energy of ; to become
flexible.
WlLT'ED, a. Having become flaccid and lost its
freshness, as a plant.
WI'LY, o. Using craft or stratagem to accomplish
a purpose; mischievously artful. SYN. Insidious 5
crafty ; artful ; sly ; cunning, which see.
WlM'BLE, 7i. An instrument for boring holes.
WlM'PLE, n. A vail; a hood.
WIN, v. i. or v. t. [pret. and pp. WON.] To gain the
victory ; to gain ground or favour ; to obtain by
solicitation or courtship ; to allure to kindness or
compliance. SYN. To get; procure; earn; se-
cure ; conciliate ; gain, which see.
WINCE, ) v. i. To shrink or start back ; to kick or
WINCHJ flounce.
WlNCH, n. The crank by which the axis of a ma-
chine is turned; an instrument to turn and
strain.
WIND, n. Air in motion with any degree of velo-
city ; a current of air ; the four winds, the cardi-
nal points in the heavens ; breath as modulated
by the organs or an instrument ; power of respi-
ration; flatulence.
WIND, v. i. or v. t. [pret. and pp. WOUND.] To
turn or cause to turn ; to change ; to turn around
something ; to have a circular direction ; to twist ;
to blow ; to sound by blowing.
WlND'AGE, n. The difference between the diame-
ter of a gun and that of a ball.
WIND'-BOUND, a. Detained by contrary winda.
WlND'FALL, n. Fruit blown off; unexpected le-
gacy or" other good.
WlND'-GAGE, n. An instrument for ascertaining
the force and velocity of wind.
WlND'-GALL, n. A tumour on a horse's fetlock.
WlND'-GtJN, n. A gun to be discharged by air.
WI ND'-HOV-EE, n. A species of hawk.
WlND'I-NESS, n. Fullness of wind ; the state of
being windy; tendency to generate wind. SYN.
Tempestuousness ; flatulence ; tumour ; puffiness.
WlND'ING, n. A turn or turning; abend; a me-
ander, as the winding of a river ; a call by the
boatswain's whistle.
WIND'ING-SHEET, n. A sheet round a corpse.
WIND'LASS, n. A horizontal cylinder for raising
weights, especially anchors.
WlND'LESS, a. Having no wind.
WlND'MILL, n. A mill driven by wind.
WlN'DOW, n. An opening in the wall of a build-
ing for the admission of light; a casement.
WlND'PlPE, n. The passage for the breath to and
from the lungs ; the trachea.
WlND'ROW, n. A line or row of hay raked toge-
ther.
WlND'-SlIL, n. A canvas funnel to convey air.
WIN D' WARD, a. Lying toward the wind.
WlND'WARD, n. The point from which the wind
blows, as to ply to the windward.
WlND'WAKD, ad. Toward the wind.
WlND'Y, a. Consisting of or abounding with
wind; tempestuous ; stormy ; puffed.
WINE, n. The fermented juice of grapes; the
juice of certain fruits prepared with sugar, as cur-
rant wine.
WINE'-BIB-BER, n. A great drinker of wine.
WlNE'-GLASS, n. A small glass from which wine
is drunk.
WINE'-MEAS-TJRE (-mSzh-ur), n. The measure,
less than beer measure, by which wines, &c., are
sold.
WINE'-PRESS, n. A place where grapes are
pressed.
WING, n. The limb of a bird or insect by which it
flies ; means of flying ; passage by the wing ;
motive or excitement of flight ; care and protec-
tion ; side of an army ; any side piece, side build-
ing, side shoot ; part of a fortification ; ships on
TALL, WHAT; TirftBE, XAKM ; MARINE, BiBD; MOVB,
j the extremity of a fleet ; in a ship, those parts of
the hold and orlop deck nearest the sides, &c.
i WlNG, v. t. To furnish or transport with wings or
by fliarht ; to supply with side bodies.
j WINGED, a Having wings ; swift ; favoured with
. wings.
WING'LESS, a. Having no wings.
WlNG'LET, n. A little wing.
VVlNG'SHELL, n. The shell that covers insects'
wings. SYN. Elytron.
WlNG'Y, a. Having wings; rapid.
WINK, v. i. To shut and open the eyes quickly;
to give a hint by motion of the eyelids ; to wink
at is to connive.
WlNK, n. The act of closing the eyelids quickly ;
a hint given by a significant shutting of the eye.
WlN'NER, n. He that wins by success in competi-
tion or contest.
WlN'NING, a. Attracting; adapted to gain favour;
charming ; n. what is gained by success in con-
test, &c.
WlN'NOW, y. t. To fan ; to separate chaff from
gvain by wind ; to examine or sift for the purpose
of separating falsehood from truth or the bad
from the good.
WlN'NOW-lNG, n. The act of separating chaff
from grain.
WlN'SuME (wm'surn), n. Cheerful; merry.
WINTER, n. The cold season ; part of a printing-
press sustaining the carriage.
WlN'TER, P. i. or v. t. To pass the winter, as he
wintered in Italy ; to feed or manage during the
winter.
WlN'TKR-GP.EEN, n. An evergreen plant, used
as a tonic, having an aromatic flavour.
WIN'TEU-KILL, v. t. or v. i. To kill by means of
winter, as to winter-Jail wheat or clover ; to be
killed by the winter.
WiN'TER-QUAR'TERS, n. Winter residence or
station, especially for troops.
WlNTER-Y, a. Suitable to winter. SYN. Cold;
stormy; hyemal; snowy; frosty; icy.
WIN'Y, a. Having the taste of wine.
WIPE, v. t. To rub with something soft for
cleaning ; to clean by rubbing ; to clear away ; to
cleanse from evil practices or abuses ; to overturn
or destroy what is foul or hateful.
WIPE, n. The act of rubbing for cleansing ; a rub ;
a stroke; reproof; a severe sarcasm. STN. A
blow ; gibe ; jeer.
WI P'ER, n. He who or that which wipes.
WIRE, n. A thread of metal.
WIRE, v. t. To bind with wire ; to apply wire to.
WIRE' -DRAW, v. t. To draw into wire, or into a
fine thread ; to draw or spin out to great length,
as to wire-draw an argument.
WIRE'-DRAW-ER, n. One who forms wire by
drawing.
WlRE'-PULL-ER, n. One who pulls the wires, as
of a puppet; hence, an intriguer, or one who
operates by secret means.
WIRE'-WORM, n. A worm which destroys the
roots of plants.
Wl'RY, a. Made of wire ; like wire ; flexible and
strong.
WlS, v. t. To suppose or know.
WlS'DOM, n. The right use and exercise of know-
ledge; sound judgment ; piety. SYN. Prudence.
Wisdom has been defined to be "the use of the
best means for attaining the best ends," and in
this sense implies the union of high mental and
moral excellence. Prudence is of a more negative
character ; it rather consists in avoiding danger
than in taking decisive measures for the accom-
plishment of an obj ect . Burke has remarked that
prudence, when carried too far, degenerates into a
" reptile virtue," which is the more dangerous
from the plausible appearance it wears.
WISE, a. Properly, having knowledge; having
wisdom ; discreet and judicious in the application
of knowledge; knowing or skilled in science,
arts, &c. ; pious; dictated by or containing wis-
WIS
525
WOM
DOVE, WOLF, BQ9K; BLE, BELL; vl"ciou. easK; 6asj; sasz; CHOSSH] *His.
dom. SYN. Sage ; sagacious j learned ; judicious ;
prudent ; godly.
WISE, n. A manner or way ; used also in composition,
as likewise, &c.
WlSE'IxGRE, n. Corrupted from, the German
weissager, -wise sayer, one who makes great preten-
sions to wisdom ; a simpleton.
WISE'LING, n. One who pretends to be wise.
WlSE'LY, acl. With wisdom; judiciously; pru-
dently ; sagaciously.
WISH, v. t. To desire or to long for; to be dis-
posed or inclined.
WISH, v. i. To desire something; to express de-
sire.
WISH, n. Desire or thing desired; desire ex-
pressed.
WlSU'EK. n. One who wishes.
WlSH'FUL, a. Having desire or ardent desire ;
showing desire ; eager.
WlSH'FUL-LY, ad. With earnest desire ; with the
show of desiring.
WIS'KET, n. A basket.
WlSP n. A small bundle of straw or hay.
WISTFUL, a. Full of thoughts; attentive; ear-
nest.
WIST'FIJL-LY, ad. Attentively; earnestly.
WIT, n." Formerly, mental ability; knowledge;
hence, ingenuity in forming some novel combina-
tion of ideas, which produces a ludicrous effect ;
a person having this power. SYN. Humour.
Wit (Saxon, idf/an, to know) formerly meant
geniuAand now denotes the power of seizins on
some fought or occurrence, and, by a sudden
turn, presenting it tinder aspects wholly new and
unexpected with a laughable keenness and force.
"What I want," said a pompous orator, aiming
at his antagonist, " is common sense." " Exactly !"
was the whispered reply. The pleasure we find
in wit arises from the ingenuity of the turn, the
sudden surprise it brings, and the aptness of its
application to the case, in the new and ludicrous
relatio s thus flashed upon the view. Humour is
a quality more congenial than wit to the British
mind. It consists primarily in taking up the pe-
culiarities of a humourist and drawing them out, as
Addison did those of Sir Roger de Coverley, so
that we enjoy a hearty good-natured laugh at the
unconscious development he makes ot his whims
tnd oddities. From this original sense the term
has been widened to embrace other sources of
kindly mirth of the same general character.
RTIT, f . t. To know, used only in to wit, or namely,
that is to say.
WITCH, v. t. To practise enchantment; to en-
chant; to charm; to bewitch.
WITCH, n. A woman who practises sorcery or en-
chantment ; a child's toy.
WITCHCRAFT, I n. The practice of witches;
WlTCH'Elt-Y, ) sorcery ; enchantment ; ias-
cination.
WlTCH'ING, a. Suited to enchantment or witch-
craft.
WiT-EN-AG-E-MOTE, n. An assembly of wise
men ; the Parliament of the Anglo-Saxon Kings.
WITH, prep. By; denoting nearness or means;
also in opposition to, or in competition or con-
test ; in consent ; noting parity of state.
WITH-AL', ad. Along with the rest ; besides.
WITH-DRAW, v. t. or v. i. To drawback; to
take back ; to cause to leave ; to call back or
away ; to quit a company or place.- SYN. To re-
treat ; retire ; recede ; retrograde ; recall ; re-
tract.
WITH-DRAW'ING-ROOM. See DRAWING-ROOM.
WITH-DKAW'MKNT.) n. Taking back or re-
WITH-DRAWAL, f calling.
WITHE or WITHE, n. A willow twig; a band of
twigs.
WlTH'ER, v. t. or r. t. To cause to shrink, wrin-
kle, or decay ; to fade ; to waste or pine away ; to
lose or want animal moisture. SYN. To decay ;
perish; wilt; dry.
WITM'ERS, n. pi. The joining of the shoulder
bones of a horse.
WITH'ER-STRAP, n. A strap which attaches
the breast collar to the pad or saddle.
WlTH'EK-WRrjNG, a. Injured or hurt in the
withers.
WITH-HOLD', v. t. [pret. WITHHELD ; pp. WITH-
HELD, WITHHOLDEN.] To keep back; to restrain;
not to grant. SYN. To hinder ; forbear ; refrain.
WITH-lN', prep. In the inner part ; in the limit
or compass of; not reaching to any thing exter-
nal ; in the reach of.
WITH-IN', ad. In the inner part; inwardly; in
the mind ; internally.
WITH-OUT', prep. Out; beyond; not with; in
the state of not having ; except.
WITH-OUT, ad. On the outside ; not on the in-
side ; externally ; out of doors.
WITH-STAND', v. t. \j>p. WITHSTOOD.] To op-
pose ; to resist either moral or physical force.
WITH-STAND'ER, n. One who resists.
WITII'Y, n. A large species of willow.
WITH'Y, a. Made of withes jflexible.
WITLESS, a. Wanting understanding ; indiscreet ;
not under the guidance of judgment.
WITLING, n. A pretender to wit ; a simpleton.
WITNESS, n. Testimony to a fact; a person who
sees and testifies ; one who attests a writing.
WITNESS, v. t. or v. i. To see or know; to bear
testimony ; to give testimony to ; to see the exe-
cution of an instrument, and subscribe it for the
purpose of establishing its authenticity. SYN.
To behold; testify; attest; certify; depose.
WlT'-SNAP-PER, n. One who affects wit.
WITTED, a. Endued with wit.
WITTI-CISM, 11. A sentence or phrase affectedly
witty; a low kind of wit.
WITTI-LY, ad. With wit ; ingeniously.
WlTTI-NESS, n. The quality of being witty;
smartness; keenness.
WITTING-LY, ad. Knowingly; by design.
WITTOL, n. A man who knows his wife's infidelity
and submits to it ; a tame cuckold.
WITTY, a. Possessed of or full of wit ; inventive ;
ingenious ; humorous. SYN. Sharp ; smart ;
arch; facetious; satirical.
WIVE, v. i. or v. t. To marry or to match to a wife.
WlZ'ARD, n. A conjurer; an enchanter.
WlZ'ARD, a. Enchanting; haunted by wizards.
WO, n. A heavy calamity. See WOE.
WOAD, n. A plant formerly used as a blue dye.
WO'BE-GONE (-gawn), a. Overwhelmed with woe ;
immersed in grief and sorrow.
WO'DEN, n. An Anglo-Saxon deity from whom
Wednesday derives its name.
WOE (wo), n.; pi. WOES (woze). A heavy calam-
ity ; misery ; sorrow.
WO'FUL, a. Distressed with grief or calamity ; full
of distress; bringing calamity; pitiful. SYN.
Calamitous; sorrowful; afflictive; piteous;
miserable.
WO'FUL-LY, ad. Calamitously; sorrowfully;
wretchedly ; extremely.
WO'FUL-NESS, n. A calamitous state ; misery.
WOLD, n. Weald ; open country.
WQLF (w;ilf),n.; pi. W9LVES (woolvz,). A rapacious
animal.
WQLF'- DOG, n. A large breed of dogs, kept to
guard sheep.
WQLF'ISH, a. Like a wolf.
WQLF'SBANK, n. A poisonous plant ; aconite.
WQL'VER-ENE, n. A quadruped closely allied to
the glutton near the Arctic Sea.
WOM' AN (woom'an), n. pi. WOM'EN (wfm'en). The
female of the human race grown to adult years ; a
female servant.
WOM AN-11(.)OD, n. The state, character, or
qualities of a woman.
WOM'AN-ISH, a. Suitable to a woman ; having
the qualities of a woman ; feminine.
WOM'AN-KIND, n. The female sex ; the race of
females of the human kind.
WOM
526
WOK
I, fc, &c.,loug. I, ft, Ac., short. CABE, FAB, LAST,
WOM'AN-LTKE, a. Like a woman.
WOM'AN-LY (woom'an-ly), ad. As suits or becomes
a woman.
WOMB (woom), n. The uterus of a female; the
place where anything is produced j any large or
deep cavity.
WOM'BAT, n. A quadruped of the opossum family
in Australia.
WON'DER (wun'der), n. Emotion of surprise or
admiration; that which excites surprise; a strange
thing. SYN. Astonishment; amazement; admi-
ration ; marvel.
WON'DER (wtin'der), v. i. To be affected by sur-
prise or admiration..
WON'DER-FUL, a. Adapted to excite surprise or
admiration -'exciting surprise. SYN. Astonishing;
surprising ; strange ; admirable ; marvellous, which
see.
WON'DER-FUL-LY, ad. So as to excite surprise.
WON'DER-FUL-NESS, n. Quality of being won-
derful.
WON'DROUS (wun'drus), a. Such as may excite
surprise or astonishment. SYN. Wonderful;
strange ; prodigious ; marvellous ; admirable.
WON'DROUS-LY, ad. In a way to surprise.
WONT (wunt), a. Accustomed; used. [ated.
WONT (wunt), v. i. To be accustomed or habitu-
WONT'ED (wunt'ed), a. Accustomed; made fa-
WONT'ED-NESS, n. The state of being accustomed.
WOO, v. t. or v. i. To solicit in marriage ; to
court ; to make love ; to invite with importunity.
WQOD, n. A collection of trees ; a forest ; the
substance of trees ; trees cut or sawed for the fire ;
timber ; a. mad ; wild.
WOOD, v. i. To supply or get supplies of wood.
WOOD'BIND, ) n. A name given to the honey-
WOgD'BlNE.j suckle.
WQQD'-CHOCK, n. The popular name of a small
burrowing quadruped.
WOOD'-OCK, n. A bird allied to the snipe.
WQQD'-^RAFT, n. Skill and practice in shooting
and other sports in the wood.
WOQD'-!tJT, n. An engraving on wood.
WQQD'-eOT-TER, n. A person who cuts wood.
WOOD'-DRINK, n. A decoction or infusion of
medicinal woods.
WOOD' ED, a. Supplied or covered with wood.
WQQD'EN (63) (wQQd'n), o. Made of wood; hard;
clumsy.
WOQD'-EN-GRAV'ING, n. The act or art of en-
graving on wood ; an engraving on wood.
WOQD'.#N-SPOON, n. Name given to him who re-
ceives the lowest honour at the college or uni-
versity.
WOOD'-HOUSE, n. A house or shed for wood.
WQQD'-LAND, n. Land producing wood.
WOOLV-LAND, a. Covered with woods.
WQQD'-LARK, n. A species of lark, which, like
the sky-lark, utters its notes while on the wing.
WOOD'-LAY'ER, n. A sapling laid down to form a
hedge.
WOQD'LESS, a. Destitute of wood.
WQQD'-MAN, n. One who cuts down trees; a
forest officer ; a sportsman.
WOOD'-MON G -GER (rnun-ger;, n. A wood-seller.
WQOry-NOTE, n. Wild music.
WQOD'-NYMPH (-mmf), n. A fabled goddess of
the woods.
WQQD'-PBCK-ER, n. Name of a bird of strong
bill that pecks holes in the bark of trees to obtain
insects for food.
WOOD'-PIG-EON, n. The ring-dove.
WQQD'-REEVE, n. The steward or overseer of a
wood.
WOQD'Y, o. Abounding with or consisting of
wood ; ligneous ; pertaining to woods ; sylvan.
WOO'KR, n. One who solicits in marriage.
WOOF, n. The threads that cross the warp in
weaving ; the weft ; texture ; cloth.
WOOFTf, a. Having a close texture, as a voofy
cloud.
FALL, WH.)T : TnfiBE, TEEM ; MARINE, BtRD ; MOVE,
WOOTNG-LY, ad. With earnest entreaty.
WQQL, n. The soft hair, approaching sometimes
to fur, that covers sheep and o*her anim:il;; ;
short, thick hair, as of a negro.
WOOL'-OMB-ER, n. One whose occupation is to
comb wool."
WOOLD, v. t. To wind a rope round a mast or yard,
when made of two or more pieces, for support.
WOOLD'ING, n. The act of winding, as a rope
round the mast ; the rope used for binding masts
and spars.
WQQL/LEN (53), a. Made of .wool; consisting of
wool ; pertaining to wool.
WOOL'LEN, n. Cloth made of wool.
WOQL'LEN-DRAP-ER, n. One who deals in woollen
goods.
WOQL'FEL, n. A skin with the wool on.
WOOL'-GA r H-ER-ING, n. A term applied to a
vagrant or idle exercise of the imagination, lead-
ing often to the neglect of present objects.
WOQL'-GROW-ER (-gro-er), n. A person who
raises sheep for the production of wool.
WOOL'LI-NESS, n . State of being woolly.
W()QL'LY, a. Consisting of wool or like it ; clothed
with wool.
WOOL'-PACK, n. A bag or pack of wool ; any thing
bulky without weight.
WOQL'-SACK, n . A sack of wool; the seat of the
lord chancellor in the House of Lords, being a sack
of wool covered with scarlet.
WOOL'-STA-PLER, n. One who deals in wool.
WOOTZ, n. A fine variety of steel imported from
Bengal.
WORD (wurd), n. Oral or written expression rep-
resenting ideas. The WORD, a title of the Saviour;
the Word of God, the Scriptures of inspiration.
See TERM.
WORD, v. t. To express in words.
WORD'-OATCH-EK, n. One who cavils at words.
WORD'I-NESS (wurd'e-ness), n. An abounding
with words ; verboseness.
WORD'Y (wurd'y), a. Using many words ; verbose;
containing many words ; full of words.
WORK (wurk), v. i. [p/et. and pp. WORKED,
WROUGHT.] In a general sense, to move one
way and another ; to perform, as a machine worlte
well ; to be occupied with labour ; to be in action
or motion ; to act or operate ; to produce effects ;
to ferment. SYN. To labour; toil ; operate.
WORK, v. t. To move, stir, or mix, as to tcori
mortar; to form or produce by motion, labour, or
violence ; to direct by influence or otherwise ; to
make ; to ferment.
WORK, n. Exertion of strength ; labour, or state
of labour ; the result of labour, as good work, &c. ;
that on which one is employed, as my work ;
some important deed, as a great u-orfc. W orlcs,
plural, denote walls, trenches, &c., in/orti/ication ;
in theology, external performances or moral du-
ties. SYN. Labour; employment; toil; occupa-
tion ; production ; achievement.
WORK'A-BLE (wurk'a-bl), a. That can be worked
or that is worth working.
WORK'BAG, n. A lady' s reticule or bag for holding
work.
WORK'E R, n. One who works or performs.
WpRK'-FEL-LOW (wurk'-M-lo), n. One engaged
in the same work with another.
WORK'-FOLK (wurk'-foke), n. Persons that la-
bour.
WORK'-HOUSE, n. A house where the idle or
poor are confined for labour.
WORK'ING, n. The act of motion or labour ; opera-
tion ; fermentation.
WORK'ING-DAY, 7 n. Any day of the week except
WORK'-DAY, j the Sabbath.
WORK'MAN (wurk'man), n. A labourer ; a skilful
artificer.
WORK'MAN-LTKE, ) a. Skilful; well perform-
WORK'MAN-LY, j ed.
WORK'MAN-LY (wurk'man-ly), ad. As it becomes
workman.
WOR
DOVE, WOLF, BQ9K ;
527
WRE
, BULL; vfcious. as *; 6 as J; s as z ; CH as SH; THIS.
WORKTHAN-SHIP (wurk'man-ship), n. Work
done; manufacture; manner of making ; the skill
of a workman ; the art of making.
WORK'-MIS-TRESS, n. A matron who directs or
teaches work in any institution.
WORK'SHOP (wilrk'shop), n. A shop where work
is done.
WORK'-TA-BLE, n. A small table containing
drawers, <fcc., for ladies' work.
WORLD (wurld), 71. The universe; the earth ; the
heavens ; system of beings ; present state of exis-
tence ; a secular life ; public life or society ; a
great quantity; mankind; people in general;
course of life; time.
WORLD'LI-NESS (wurldle-ness), n. Predominant
love of earthly things ; covetousness.
WORLD'LING ( wurld'linsr) , n. One who is devoted
to riches or to worldly things.
WORLD'LY (wiirld'ly), a. Devoted to worldly pos-
sessions and enjoyments ; pertaining to the
world. SYN. Secular; temporal; common; hu-
man t earthly.
WORLD'LY, ad. With relation to this life.
WORM (wurm), n. Any small creeping animal;
any thing spiral or resembling a worm, as the
Tcormof a distillery, the worm, of a gun ; figuratively,
remorse of conscience. Worms, popularly, intes-
tinal worms.
WORM (wurm), v. r. and v. t To work slowly or
imperceptibly ; to undermine by slow and secret
means.
WORM'-EAT-EN (wurm'-e-tn), o. Gnawed by
worms; old; worthless.
WpRM'-FENCE, n. A zigzag fence, made by plac-
ing the ends of the rails upon each other, called
also stake f&nce.
WORMING, 11. The act or operation of cut-
ting a worm-like ligament from under a dog's
tongue.
WORM'-LlKE (wtlnn'-), o. Resembling a worm ;
spiral.
WORM'WQQD, n. A very bitter plant.
WORMTf (wurm'y), o. Abounding with worms;
containing a worm ; earthly ; grovelling.
WOR'UI-ER (wur're-er), n. One that worries or
harasses.
WOR'RY (wur'ry), v. t. To harass with importu-
nity, care, anxiety, or labour ; to mangle with the
teeth; to persecute brutally. SYN. To tease;
trouble ; fatigue ; vex.
WOR'RY, n. Vexation; something that troubles
or disquiets, &c.
WQRSE (wurse), a. More bad ; more unfortunate ;
more sick. TTie worse, the loss; the disadvantage;
something less good.
WORSE (wurse), ad. So as to be more evil or ca-
lamitous.
WOR'SHIP (wur'ship). n. Religious homage and
service ; a term of honour used in addressing cer-
tain magistrates ; a term of ironical respect ;
civil deference ; idolatry of lovers. SYN. Adora-
tion; reverence; devotion ; veneration ; honour;
respect, &c.
WOR'SHIP (wur'ship) v. t. or v. i. To pay divine
honours to ; to treat with civil reverence ; to rev-
erence with supreme respect, &c. ; to perform
acts of adoration or religious service. SYN. To
adore ; revere : reverence ; honour ; bow to.
WOR'SHIP-PER (wur'ship-er), n. One who pays
divine honours.
WOR'SHIP-FUL, a. Worthy of honour, a term of
respect. Sometimes ironically.
WOR'SHlP-FUL-L-Y, ad. With honour; respect-
fully.
WOKST (wurst), n. The most evil, severe, dan-
gerous, or distressing state ; the height of what
is bad.
WORST (wurst), u. t. To defeat ; to overthrow.
WORSTED (woor'sted or wnst'ed), n. Yarn made
from wool drawn out into long filaments by pas-
sing it when oiled through heated combs.
WQBST'ED a. Consisting of worsted ; defeated.
"VVOR.T (wurt), n. The name of certain plants, used
in compounds, as mugwort, &c. ; a plant of the
cabbage kind ; new beer unfermented or in the act
o t f fermentation; the sweet infusion of malt.
WORTH (wurth), v. i. Betide, as woe worth the day.
WORTH (wurth), n. That quality of a thing which
renders it useful or an equivalent for some other
good ; value of mental qualities ; comparative im-
portance ; valuable qualities. SYU. Value ; ex-
cellence ; desert ; merit ; price ; rate. [court.
WORTH (wurth), a termination, signifies a farm or
WORTH (wtirth), a. Equal in value to; deserving
of; equal in possessions to.
WORTH'I-LY (wiir'the-ly), ad. So as to deserve
well; justly; not without cause.
WORTH'I-NESS (wur'the-ness), n. The state of
being worthy or excellent ; the quality or state of
deserving. SYN. Merit ; worth ; desert ; excel-
lence ; dignity ; virtue.
WORTHINESS (wurth'less), o. Being of or having
no value of character, dignity or excellence. SYN.
Valueless ; undeserving ; vile ; base ; mean ;
contemptible.
WORTH'LESS-NESS (wurth'less-), n. State ol
being worthless.
WORTH'Y (wur'thy), a. Having merit ; possess-
ing worth; having qualities suited to; equal in
value. SYN. Deserving; meritorious; excellent;
equivalent ; valuable ; virtuous ; estimable ; suit-
able, &c,
WORTH'Y (wur'thy), a. A man of eminent worth.
WOUND (woond), n. A hurt or bruise; a breach
of the skin and flesh ; an injury.
WOUND (woond), v. t. To hurt by violence.
WOUND (wownd.) See WIND.
W, before r, is always silent.
WRAK, n. A species of sea-weed, used for kelp.
WRAITH (rathe), n. An apparition of a person
seen before death or a little after.
WRANG'GLE (rang'gl), n. A noisy or angry quar-
rel or dispute. SYN. Brawl; bickering; jangle:
contest; controversy; altercation, which see.
WEANG'GLE (rang'gl;, v. i. To dispute noisily cr
peevishly.
WRANG'GLER (r&ng'gler), n. One who wrangles.
Senior Wrangler, in the University of Cambridge,
the student who passes the best examination in
mathematics for the degree of A. B.
WRANG'GLING, n. The act of disputing angrily.
WRAP (rap), v. t. To roll together; to fold; tc
inclose.
WRAPPAGE, n. That which wraps.
WRAP'PER (rap'per), n. One who wraps ; a cover.
WRASSE (rass), n. Prickly spined fishes, some of
which exhibit vivid colours.
WRATH (rath), n. Violent anger; the effects of
anger ; the just punishment of offence or crime.
SYN. Fury; rage; vengeance; indignation;
resentment ; passion. [This word is generally
pronounced wroth; but this is contrary to analogy,
which gives the Italian sound, almost without ex-
eption, to the letter a before t/i, as in path, &c.]
WRATH'FUL (rath'-), a. Very angry; greatly in-
censed; springing from wrath or expressing it.
SYN. Furious ; raging ; indignant ; resentful ;
passionate.
WRATH'FUL-LY (rath'-), ad. With violent anger.
WRATH'LESS (riith'-) a. Free from anger; calm.
WRATHTT (rath'y), o. Very angry.
WREAK (reek), v. t. Primarily, to drive or throw
with violence ; hence, to hurl or drive ; to exe-
cute or inflict, as to wreak vengeance on an en-
emy.
WREATH (reeth) n. Anything twisted; a gar-
land. Plural, wreaths, not wreaths ; sec . 76.
WREATHE (reethe), v. t. To wind about; to in-
terweave; to encircle, as a garland or as with a
garland ; v. i. to be interwoven.
WREATH'Y (reeth'y), a. Twisted ; curled ; spiral
WRECK (r6k), v. t. or v. i. To drive against the
shore or dash against the rocks, break, or de-
stroy ; to ruin ; to suffer total loss of.
WEE
523
XIP
i, ft, <&c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
WRECK (r5k), n. Shipwreck ; ruins of a ship
ruin ; dissolution by violence ; the remains of any
thing ruined.
WRECK'ER (rgk'er), n. One who seeks the wrecks
of ships, for plunder or otherwise.
WBECK'-MAS-TER (rt-k'-) n. A person appointed
by law to take charge of goods, &c., thrown on
shore after shipwrecks.
WREN (rgn), n. A small familiar bird.
WRENCH (rench), v. t. To pull with a twist; to
sprain ; to force by violence ; to distort. SYN. To
twist ; wrest ; strain.
WRENCH (i-tfnch), n. A pulling with a twist; a
sprain ; an instrument for screwing or unscrewing
iron work.
WREST (rst), v. t. To take away or twist by vio-
lence ; to turn from the truth by false construc-
tion. SYN. To wrench ; wring ; extort ; pervert ;
distort.
WREST (rSst), n. A distortion; violent pulling
and twisting ; perversion.
WREST'ER (rSst'-), n. One who distorts.
WRES'TLE (res'sl), v. i. . To try to throw with the
arms extended; to strive with effort. SYN. To
struggle ; strive ; contend.
WUEST'LEE (r5s'ler), n. One that is skilled in
wrestling.
WREST'LING, n. The exercise or act of striving
to throw or struggling. STN. Strife; struggle;
contention ; contest, &c.
WRETCH (rStch), n. A miserable or a worthless
person, or one sunk in vice. It is sometimes used
to express pity, as a poor wretch. SYN. Villain ;
profligate ; scoundrel ; rascal.
WRETCH'ED (rSch'ed), a. Very miserable; very
afflicting ; very poor, mean, or hatefully vile, &c.
SYN. Unhappy ; afflicted ; calamitous j worth-
less; vile.
WRTCH'ED-LY (rSch'ed-lyJ, ad. Miserably; des-
picably.
WRETCH'ED-NESS (r?ch'ed-), n. Great misery or
unhappiness from want or sorrow ; meanness.
SYN. Destitution ; unhappiness ; misery ; dis-
tress ; despicableness.
WRlG'GLE (rlg'gl), v. i. To move to and fro with
short motions.
WRlG'GLER, n. One who wriggles.
WRIGHT (rite), n. An artificer; one occupied in
some branch of mechanical business chiefly used
in compounds, as in shipwright, wheelwright.
WRING (ring), v. t. or v. i. [pret. and pp. WKINGED
or WRUNG.] To turn and strike violently ; to
force by twisting ; to press with pain or persecute
with extortion ; to bend or strain out of its posi-
tion; to twist, as with anguish. SYN. To twist;
writhe ; torture ; extort ; distort ; strain ; squeeze.
WRING (ring), n. Action of anguish.
WRlNG'-BOLT, n. A bolt used by shipwrights to
bend and secure the planks against the timbers
till they are fastened by bolts. &c.
WRING'ER (rmg'er), n. He or that which wrings.
WRlN'KLE (rmk'kl), n. A ridge or crease formed
by the shrinking or contraction of any smooth
substance ; a fold or rumple in cloth ; roughness
or unevenness ; furrow.
YRIN'KLE (rmk'kl), v. t. To contract into ridges
and furrows ; to make rough or uneven ; v. i. to
shrink into furrows and ridges.
WRIST (rist), 71. The joint connecting the hand
with the arm.
WRlST'BAND (rifst'band), n. The part of a sleeve
that covers the wrist.
WRIT (rit), n. A writing; especially the Scrip-
tures, as Holy Writ. In law, a precept to the
sheriff or other officer commanding some act.
WRITE (rite), v. t. [pret. WROTE; pp. WRITTEN.]
To form letters and words with a pen or style ; to
frame or combine ideas and express them in
words ; to recite or relate in books ; to communi-
cate by letter ; to use the style of. SYN. To en-
grave ; copy ; transcribe ; compose ; send letters ;
recite in books.
F4tt, WHAT ; THRE, TRM ; MARINE, BiRD ; MOVE,
WRITE, v. i. To perform the act of forming let-
ters, characters, or figures ; to act as a clerk.
WRIT'ER (rl'ter), n. One who writes or has writ-
ten. Writer to the Signet, an attorney ov solicitor,
one of the highest class of lawyers in Scotland.
SYN. A scribe; penman; amanuensis; clerk;
author.
WRITHE (nthej, v. t. or v. i. To twist with vio-
lence ; to be twisted or distorted. SYN. To twist ;
wrest ; distort.
WRIT'ING (n'ting), n. Act of forming letters with
a pen ; that which is written ; a book ; any written
composition, inscription, &c.
WRIT'ING-MAS-TER, n. One who teaches the art
of penmanship.
WRITINGS (n'tingz), n. pi. Conveyances of lands >
deeds.
WRlT'TtfN (53) (rft'tn), a. Expressed in letters.
WRONG (rong), n. Whatever deviates from recti-
tude; any injury done to another; violation of
right. SYN. Iniquity ; perversity ; injustice ; in-
jury.
WRONG (r5ng-), a. Not fit; not right; not just,
proper, legal, or true. SYN. Injurious; unjust;
faulty ; unsuitable ; incorrect ; erroneous.
WRONG (rong), v. t. To injure; to treat with in-
justice; to deprive of right.
W RONG'FUL (rong'ful), a. Unjust or injurious in
effect or tendency ; iniquitous.
WRONG'FUL-LY , a<J. With injustice.
WRpNG'-HEAD-ED (rong'-hSd-ed), a. Wrong in
mind ; perverse ; wrong in opinion or principle.
WRONG'LY (rang 7 -), ad. With injustice ; unjustly ;
amiss. [error.
WRONG'NESS (rung 7 -), n. Wrong disposition;
WROTH (rawth), o. Angry; exasperated; inflamed
with anger.
WROUGHT(rawt),a. Formed by labour; effected;
worked ; used in labour.
WRY (rl), a. Twisted ; turned to one side ; deviat-
ing from the right direction ; wrested.
WRY'-NECK, n. A distorted neck; a disease in
sheep ; a small bird allied to the woodpecker.
WRY'- NESS, n. The state of being wry or dis-
torted.
\VYND, n. A narrov lane,
X.
V the twenty-fourth letter of the alphabet, is a
**> double consonant, and may therefore be re-
farded as a contraction. Its sound is equivalent
o hard c or fc and s, as in fox; but sometimes to
gs, as in example. As no English word begins
with such a combination of consonants, so x is
only found in the middle or end of our words. X, as
a numeral, stands for ten, representing one V
placed on the top of another V inverted ; with a
dash over it, thus x, it stands for ten thousand.
It is initial in words that have been borrowed
from the Greek, and has there the sound of Z.
XANTHI (zan'thik), a. Tending to a yellow
colour.
XAN'THINE, n. The yellow dyeing matter in
madder.
XANTHO-GEN, n. The base of hydroxanthic acid,
procured by the action of carburet of sulphur and
potash, regarded as analogous to cyanogen.
XE'BE (ze'bek), n. A small three-masted vessel.
XEN'O-TIME, n. A native phosphate of yttria
having a yellowish brown colour.
XE-RO'DE$, n. A tumour attended with dryness.
XE-RO-MY'RUM, n. A dry ointment.
XE-ROPH'A-GY (ze-rufa-jy), n. The eating of
dry meals, a sort of fast among the primitive
Christians.
XE-RO'TS (ze-ro'tez\ n. A dry habit.
XI-LO-BAL'SA-MUM, n. The wood of the balsam-
tree.
XlPH'I-AS, n. The sword-fish; comet shape I
like a sword.
XIP
629
TIE
DOVE, WQU,
; vl"cious -easK; 6 as J ; as z ; CH as SH ; rais.
XlPH'OID (zlfoid), Q. The name of a small car-
tilage placed at the bottom of the breast-bone.
XY'LlTE, n. A liquid obtained by distilling com-
mercial pyroxylic spirit from chloride of calcium .
XY-LO-GRAPHT! (d-lo-gxftflk), a. Belonging to
xylography or wood-engraving.
XY-LOG'RA-PHY, n. The art or act of engraving
in wood.
Xt-LOPH'A-GOUS (zl-Wfa-ffus), a Eating or feed-
ing on wood.
XYS'TER, n, A surgeon's instrument for scraping
bones.
XtS'TOS, n. An open court or gallery.
Y.
V the twenty-fifth letter of the alphabet, lias a name
*- ? that seems to indicate that it is used instead
of the Greek v, or u, and t ; thus ul, or wl ; in
the beginning of words, it is regarded as a conso-
nant ; in other positions it has the power of i, and
follows the same rules as to its long and short
sounds, as in gyves, gypsy. It is improperly used in
words of Greek derivation to represent v, as in
pyrometer, and in words derived from the Saxon
it has taken the place of g, thus year for gear.
YACHT (yot), n. A light and elegantly-furnished
pleasure-boat ; a vessel of state.
YACHT'ING, n. Sailing on pleasure excursions in
a yacht.
TA'QER, n. One of a kind of light infantry armed
with rifles.
YA/HOO, n. A word used by Swift for a savage.
YAK, n. A species of ox found in Central Asia,
with a tail like a horse.
YAM, n. An esculent root of tropical climates.
YAN'KEE, n. A corrupt pronunciation of the word
English, or French Anglois, by native Indians; the
popular name for the citizens of New England,
but applied by foreigners to all the inhabitants of
the United States.
YAKD, n. A measure of three feet; aninclosure;
a long, nearly cylindrical piece of timber slung to
a mast for spreading square sails.
YARD, t;. t. To confine in a yard, as cattle.
YARD'-ARM, n. Either half of a ship's yard from
the centre to the end.
YARD'-STlCK, \n. A stick three feet long, used
YARD'- WAN D, ) as a measure.
YARN, .1. Spun wool , flax or cotton ; in rope-mak-
ing, one of the threads or strands of which the
rope is composed, among seamen, a story spun
out by a sailor for the amusement of his mess-
mates, <fcc.
YAR'ROW, n. The herb milfoil, acTulZaa mille-
folia.
YATA-GHAN, n. A long Turkish dagger.
YAW, v. t. To ripe in blisters [TFest Indies]; in
navigation, to deviate from her course in steering,
as a ship.
YAWL, n. A ship's boat like a pinnace, usually
rowed by four or six oars.
YAWL, v. i. To cry out or howl like a dog, usu-
ally pronounced i/oicl.
YAWN, v.i. To have the mouth open involunta-
rily from drowsiness or dullness; to gape; to
open wide.
YAWN, n. A gaping.
YAWN'ING, n. The act of gaping or opening
wide.
YAWN'ING, a. Opening wide ; gaping ; sleepy ;
drowsy; dull.
YAWS, n. pi. A severe cutaneous disease.
YEA or YEA (ya or ye), ad. Yes; verily; cer-
tainly.
YAN (yeen), v. t. or v. t. To bring forth; to
lamb.
YEAN'LING, n. The young of a sheep ; a lamb.
YEAR (yeer), n. Twelve calendar months. This is
the solar, tropical, or equinoctial year, comprehend-
ing 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 49'7 seconds.
In popular language, the year consists of 365 days,
and in leap year, of 366. Years, in the plural, is
sometimes equivalent to age or old age.
YEAR'-BQQK, n. A book containing annual re-
ports of cases adjudged in the courts of law ; an
annual published relating to science, &c.
YEAR'LING, n. A beast a year old.
YEAR'LING, a. Being a year old.
YEARLY, a. Annual; coming every year ; lasting
a year ; comprehending a year.
YEAR'LY ad. Annually ; once a year.
YEARN (yern) v. i. To be pained or distressed; to
suffer ; to feel earnest desire ; to long.
YEARN'ING (yern'ing), a. Longing.
YEARN'ING, n. Strong desire or tenderness.
YEAST (yeest), n. The froth of malt liquors ; any
preparation which ferments dough for bread or
cakes.
YEAST'Y, a. Frothy; like yeast; foamy.
YELK, n. The yellow part of an egg.
YfiLL, v. t. To utter a sharp, loud outcry ; to cry
or scream from pain or terror.
YELL, n. A hideous outcry or scream. [colour.
YEL'LOW (yel'16), a. Being of a bright or gold
YEL'LOW, n. A bright colour ; a gold colour.
YfiL'LOW-BtRD, n. A small singing-bird, of a
lemon -yellow colour.
YEL'LOW-BLOS'SOM-ETD, a. Furnished or adorned
with yellow flowers.
YEL'LOW-FE'VER, n. A bilious fever of warm
climates, which often tinges the skin with a yel-
low hue.
YEI/LOW-HIKMEB, n. A bird, called also the
yellow bunting.
YEL'LOW-ISH, a. Moderately yellow.
YEL'LOW-ISH-NESS,-)n. The quality of being
YEL'LOW-NESS, J yellow.
YfiL'LOWS, n. pi. A disease of the bile of horses,
cattle, and sheep, in which the eyes are tinged
with a yellow colour; also a disease of peach
trees.
YELP, v. i. To bark, as a puppy or dog.
YELP'ING, n. Act of barking.
YEO'MAN (yo'man or ye man), n. A freeholder;
a man free born ; an officer in the ro3'al household;
in ships t an inferior officer under the boatswain or
gunner, charged with the stowage, &c., of the
ship's stores.
YEO'MAN-LIKE (yo'man-), a. Like a yeoman.
YEO'MAN-LY (yo'man-), a. Pertaining to a yeo-
man.
YEO'MAN-RY (yo'man-ry), n. The common peo-
Jle; the collective body of yeoman or freehol-
ers.
RK (13), v. t To throw out ; to jerk.
YES, ad. Yea; a word that assents or affirms.
YEX K '} n ' Hiccough.
YEST. See YEAST.
YES'TER, ). Last; relating to the day last
YES'TERN, j past, as yester sun.
YES'TER-DAY, n. The day last past.
YES'TER-NIGHT (-nite), n. The night last past.
YES'TY. See YEASTY.
YfiT, con. or ad. Nevertheless ; besides ; at this
time; at least; still; even; after all; hitherto;
however, which see.
YEW (yu), n. An evergreen-tree, often used in
churchyards.
YEW, a. Made of yew ; belonging to yew.
YIELD (yeeld), v. t. To give as a product, i. e.,
to produce or afford; to give into or admit, i. e.,
concede; grant; to give up. SYN. To produce;
bear ; exhibit ; allow ; permit ; resign ; emit ; sur-
render, &c.
YIELD, v. i. To give up; to give way or place.
STN. To comply ; submit ; succumb.
YIELD (yeeld), n. Amount yielded. SYK. Pro-
duct ; growth ; increase ; crop ; harvest.
YIELDING (yeeld'ing), a. Inclined to give way or
comply. SYN. Submissive; resigned'; flexible;
accommodating. 34
YIE
530
ZIN
i, fi, &c., long. I, fi, &c., short. CARE, FAR, LAST,
YIELD'ING-. n. Act of producing; act of surren-
dering. SYN. Compliance ; concessiou ; surren-
der; submission.
YIELD'ING-LY, ad. With compliance.
YIELDING-NESS, n. Quality of yielding j dispo-
sition to comply.
YOKE, n. An instrument to connect oxen for
work; a frame of wood fitted to the shoulders
for carrying pails, &c., suspended to it ; a frame
at right angles to a boat's rudder, and from the
end lines by which the boat is steered; a mark
of servitude ; a bond of connection ; bondage ; a
couple or pair. SYN. Slavery ; servitude j chain ;
link.
YOKE, v. t. To connect for work ; to join with an-
other; to put a yoke on; to join in a yoke; to
bring into bondage, &c. SYN. To unite ; couple ;
enslave; restrain; confine.
YOKE'-FEL-LOWJ n. An associate; a compan-
YOKE'-MATE, ) ion.
YOLK (yok or yolk), n. The unctuous secretion
from the skin of sheep; the vitellus of seeds;
the yellow part of an egg. See YELK.
YON (yon), > a. Being at a distance;
VON'DEB (yon'der)J within view.
L'ON'DER, } ad< At a distance ; within view.
YONK'EE (yunk'er), n. A young fellow.
YORE, ad. Long time past ; of old time. Of yore,
of old time ; long ago.
YOU (yu), pron. Second person, singular or plural.
YOUNG (yttng), a. Not having been long born;
ignorant ; having little experience.
YOtTN G (y ung) , n. The offspring: of animals, either
YOUNG'ISH (yiing'ish), a. Somewhat young.
YOUNG'LING (yung'ling), n. An animal in the first
part of life.
YOUNG'STER (yung'-), } n. A young person; a
YOUNK'ER, j boy; a lad.
YOUB (31), (yure), pron. adj. Belonging to you ;
used indefinitely, or as a substitute for a noun in
the nominative or objective case.
YOUR'SELF, pron. emphatical. You only.
YOUTH (yuth), n. The early part of life; a young
person; young persons cofiectively.
YOUTH'FUL (yuth'ful), a. Pertaining or suitable
to the first part of life. SYN. Young ; fresh ; vig-
orous ; juvenile ; puerile, which see.
YOUTH'FUL'LY (yuth'fnl-ly, ad. So as to resemble
the young; according to youth.
YOUTH'FUL-NESS, n. Youthful state.
YOWL (yowl), v. i. To howl or cry like a dog.
tT'TRI-A, n. A metallic oxyde, a white powder, in.
sipid and insoluble in water.
tTTRI-TJM, n. The metallic base of yttria.
YUJ'-eA, n. A tree and its fruit, belonging to
America.
YUG, I n. One of the ages into which the Hindoos
YOG , j divide the existence of the world.
YU'LAN, n. A beautiful flowering tree in China.
YULE, n. The old name for Christmas.
YUX,n. SeeYEX.
z.
7. the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English
*-* ) alphabet, is merely a vocal or soft s, and bears
the same relation to it thatb does to p, d to t, and
v to /; the only exception occurs in a few in-
stances in which it follows t, when it has the
sharp sound of s, as in waltz. The common name
was izzard, but zed has been borrowed from the
French, and in America it is frequently called
zee. It begins no Saxon word ; the following are
consequently of foreign derivation, principally
from the Greek. Z, as a numeral, stands for 2000,
and with a dash over it for 2,000,000.
ZA-G'HO, n. The lowest part of the pedestal of a
column.
Z AF'FE R, n. Cobalt when freed of volatile matter.
PALI-, wnvr ; THRE, TERM; MARINE, BiRD; MOVE,
ZAM'BO, n. The child of a negro and mulatto.
ZA'NY, n. A buffoon; a merry-andrew.
ZA'NY-ISM, n. The state or character of a zany.
ZAP'OTE, n. In Mexico, the general name of
roundish fruits with a hard stone.
ZAR'NI-GH, n. The name of certain native sul-
phurets of arsenic, &c.
ZAX, n. An instrument for cutting slate.
ZA'YAT, n. A Burman caravansary or resting-
place for travellers.
ZE'A, n. The generic name of maize or Indian
corn. There are two species.
ZEAL (zeel), n. Passionate ardour for any thing.
ZEAL'OT (z&Tot), n. One full of zeal.
ZEAL'OUS (zel'lus), a. Warmly engaged or ar-
dent in pursuit of an object. SYN. Eager ; ear-
nest; fervent; hearty; strenuous; warm; pas-
sionate ; enthusiastic.
ZEAL'OUS-LY fzellus-ly), ad. With great ardour.
ZEAL'OUS-NESS (zel'lus-nessj, n. The quality of
being earnest, ardent, zealous ; zeal.
ZE'BRA, n. An animal like a horse marked with
stripes.
ZE'BU, n. An ox-like quadruped, with a large futty
hump on his back, called the Indian bull or
cow.
ZE'HIN (zeTun or che-keen), n. A Venetian gold
coin, usually written sequin.
ZE)H'STEIN, n. [Ger.] Magnesian limestone.
ZED'0-A-RY, n. An East Indian medicinal root.
ZEM-IN-DAR', n. A landholder in India who un-
derlets to tenants.
ZEM'IN-DA-RY, n. The jurisdiction of a zemin-
dar.
ZEND, n. A language that formerly prevailed in
Persia, closely allied to Sanscrit.
ZEND'A-VES-TA, n. A sacred book of the Guebres
or Parsees, ascribed to Zoroaster, and reverenced
as their bible, or rule of faith and practice.
ZEN'Dl-G, n. A deist ; one charged with magical
heresie ; s ; one of a sect who opposed Mahommed-
anisrn in Arabia.
ZE'NITH, n. The point in the heavens directly
over the spectator. Zenith distance, the distance
of a celestial object from the Zenith.
ZE'0-LlTE, n. A mineral abundant in cavities of
amygdaloids, basalts, and lavas ; a hydrous silicate
of alumina, &c. These minerals melt with consider-
able ebullition, or intumescence.
ZEN'O-ISM, n. Stoicism.
ZEPH7YR (zSf'ur), n. A gentle west wind, and,
poetically, any soft, mild, gentle breeze.
ZE'RO, n. [JR.] Cipher; nothing; the point of a
thermometer from which it is graduated.
ZEST, n. Originally, orange peel cut thin, used as
a relish; hence something that gives a relish, or
the relish itself; the thick woody skin quartering
the kernel of a walnut.
ZEST, v. t. To give a relish or flavour to ; to
heighten taste or flavour ; to squeeze the peel of
an orange or lemon over the surface of any thing,
or cut it from top to bottom into thin slips.
ZE'TA , n. A Greek letter ; a little apartment.
ZE-TET'I-G, a. Proceeding by inquiry.
ZEUG'LO-DON, n. An extinct or fossU species of
whale.
ZEUG'MA (zug'ma), n. [Gr.] A figure in grammar
by which an adjective or verb, agreeing with a
nearer word, is referred to a more remote one ;
as, " tribulation worketh patience ; and patience,
experience ; and experience, hope."
ZIB'ET, n. A small quadruped closely allied to the
civet, and like the weasel.
ZlG'ZAG, a. Having frequent short angular
ZlG'ZAG, n. Something with short angular
turns.
Z)N, n. A metal called spelter, of a brilliant
white colour, with a shade of blue.
ZIN-CIF'ER-OUS, } a. Containing zinc ; produc-
ZI N CK-1 F'ER-OUS, j ing zinc.
ZlNCK'Y, a. Pertaining to zinc ; like zinc.
ZIN
531
ZYT
D6VE, WOLF, BOOK ; KULE, BLL; Vf'CIOUS.
ZrN-OG / EA-PHER, n. One who engraves on zinc.
ZIN-OG'RA-PHY, n. The art or process of en-
graving on zinc.
ZlN-G'OUS, o. Pertaining to zinc, or to the posi-
tive pole of a galvanic battery.
ZI'ON, n. The name of a hill in Jerusalem ; the
theocracy or church of God:
ZiE'-eON (17), n, A mineral containing zirconia
and silica, and a minute portion of iron.
ZlR'0'NI-A, n. An oxide of the metal zirconium
so hard as to scratch glass.
ZtR-eO'N-I-UM, n. The metallic base of zirconia in
the form of a black powder.
ZO'DI-A, n. A broad circle in the heavens con-
taining the twelve signs and the sun's path.
ZO-Dl'A-e-AL, a. Pertaining to the zodiac. Zo-
diacal light, a faint liirht visible in a clear evening
in the months of March, April, and May, soon
after sun-set, as a cone rising obliquely from the
horizon.
ZOLI/VE-RElN, n. A union establishing a uni-
form rate of duties by certain German states.
ZONE, n. A girdle ; a belt ; a band ; a division of
the earth.
ZON.ED (zond), o. Wearing a zone; having zones
or concentric bands.
ZONE'LESS, a. Having no zone.
ZON'NAE, n. A girdle worn by Jews and Christians
in the Levant to distinguish them from Mahom-
medans.
ZO-OG'EA-PHER, n. One who describes animals,
their forms and habits.
ZO-O-GEAPH'I-AL, a. Pertaining to the descrip-
tion of animals.
ZO-OG'RA-PHY, n. The description of animals.
ZO-OL'A-TEY, n. The worship of animals.
ZO-0-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to zoology.
ZO-OL'O-GIST, n. One versed in zoology.
ZO-OL'O-GY, n. The natural history of animals.
ZO-6N'I/, o. Pertaining to animals ; obtained from
animal substances.
ZO-ON'O-MY, n. The laws or science of the phe-
nomena of animal life, their causes and relations.
-e as K ; 6 as J ; s as z ; CH as SH ; THIS.
ZO-OPH'A-GOUS (zo-5fa-gus), a. Feeding on ani-
mals ; carnivorous.
ZO-O-PHOR'IG, a. The zoopTioric column is one
which supports the figure of an animal.
ZO'0-PHYTE, n. Literally, an animal plant; the
term is now confined to true polypes, such as
corals, &c.
ZO-O-PHY-TOL'O-GY, n. The natural history of
zoophytes.
ZO-0-TOM'I-AL, a. Relating to zootomy.
ZO-OT'O-MIST, n. One who dissects the bodies of
animals ; a comparative anatomist.
ZO-OT'0-MY, n. The dissection of animals.
ZOUAVE (zwave), n. Name of an active and hardy
body of soldiers in the French service, originally
composed mainly of Arabs, whence the name.
They are now almost wholly Frenchmen.
ZtTF'FO-LO, n. A little flute or flageolet used to
teach birds.
ZU-MO-LOG'I-AL, a. Pertaining to zumology.
ZU-MOL'O-GIST, n. One versed in the fermenta-
tion of liquors.
ZU-MOL'O-GY, I n. The doctrine of fermentation
ZY-MOL'0-GY, ) of liquors, or a treatise on the
ZU-MOM'E-TEE, ") n. An instrument for meas-
ZU-MO-SlM'E-TER, $ uring the degree of fermen-
tation of liquids.
ZYG-O-DA-6'TtLE, n. One of an order of climbers,
having the toes arranged in pairs two before and
two behind, as in parrots and wood-peckers.
ZYG-O-MAT'I!, a. Pertaining to the cheek-bone,
called zygoma.
ZY'MATE, ") n. A supposed compound of zymic acid
ZC'MATE, 5 with a base.
ZY'MKJ AC'ID, \ n. An incorrectly-supposed pecu-
kCTVn-e AC'ID, ) liar acid formed by the acetous
fermentation of vegetable substances.
ZY'MOME,) n. One of the supposed proximate
ZI'MOME, ) principles of gluten in wheat, tough
and insoluble in alcohol.
ZY'THUM, n. A beverage made by boiling ; a liquor
made from malt and wheat.
KEY.
GREEK AND LATIN PROPER NAMES.
REMARKS.
THE accented syllable of each word is carefully marked, and this to a great extent decides the sound
of the vowels.
RULES FOR THE VOWELS.
ACCENTED SYLLABLES.*
1. If the accented syllable ends in a roicel, that vowel has always the long sound : as Ca'per (like pa'per),
Ce'crops (like ce'dar), Di'do (like dl'et), Co'ra (like colon), Cu'rea (like du'ty).
2. If the accented syllable ends in a consonant, its vowel has the short or sTutu sound ; as Cal'vus (like
bal'ance), Del'phi (like sel'dom), Ciu'na (like dm'ner), Con'sul (like scSffer), Tus'cus (like mus'ter).
UNACCKKTED SYLLABLES.
1. If the unaccented syllable ends in a consonant, its vowel has the regular short or shut sound (as in
No. 2, above) ; as Bal'bus, Ac'o-ris, &c. But e in final es, is pronounced ez, as Ar-vo'les (like An'des).
2. If the unaccented syllable ends in a vowel, the following cases occur :
A has the Italian sound (as infa'ther) ; as Ga-bi'na (gah-bi'nah).
I has its long sound when it ends a final syllable, or precedes an accented syllable ; as in I-uli (pro-
aounced I-uli). But, in all other cases, i ending an unaccented syllable, is pronounced like 0; as Fa'bi-i
pronounced fa'be-i) .
T is pronounced as i would be in the same position.
JE and oe are pronounced as e would be in the same position.
EULES FOR THE CONSONANTS.
1. C before e, i, y, wand ce is pronounced likes; as Ce'a, Cic'ero, Cy'prus, Cse'sai", Ccelia, &c. But
c before a, o, and u, and also before consonants, has the sound of fc; as Ca'to, Co'cles, Cum'se, &c.
2. G before a, o, and u, and also before consonants other than g, has its hard sound (as in gave) ; as
Ga'bi-i, GoTmr, Sa-gun'tum, &c. But G before e, i, y, ce, ce, or another G followed by e, has its soft sound
(like j) ; as Ge'lo, Gy-gse'us, Ag'ger.
3. Ch has always the sound of fc, as in Chi'os (ki'os), except when it precedes a mute consonant at the
beginning of a word, when the ch is silent ; as Chtho'ni-a, (Tho'ni-a).
4. T, s, and c, before ia, ie, ii, to, tit, and eu, preceded immediately by the accent, change into sTi and
iTi, as in English words ; e. g., Pho'cion (fo'she-on), Ac'cius (ak'she-us). But when the accent falls on
the first of the vowels following, the consonant does not change into sh or zh, but preserves its pure
sound ; as Mil-ti'a-des, &c. T, in the termination tio?i, also retains its original sound ; as Am-phic'ty-on.
5. S has in general the sharp sound of s as in this. When it has the sound of 2, it is marked thus, g.
6. Initial X has the sound of Z ; as Xan'the (Zan'the).
7. Initial PH before a mute is silent ; as Phthi'a (thi'a). Initial p before s is silent; as Psy'che (syTte).
Initial p before t is silent ; as Ptol-e-mse'us (tol-e-mse'us).
8. Greek words sometimes begin with the uncombinable consonants mn, tm, &c. 5 as Mne-mos'y-ne,
Tmolus, &c. In such cases the first consonant is mute, and the words are to be pronounced as if written
Ne-mos'ye-ne, Molus, &c.
N.B. This vocabulary contains the words in Walker's Key, together with considerable additions from
other writers.
* We have carefully abstained, throughout this Vocabulary, from marking the accented syllables, as in
the Dictionary, with the longs and shorts [ ^], as a guide to their sound in English pronunciation,
because such a marking would, in numerous instances, have falsified the quantity. The long and short
characters, when applied to Greek and Latin words, are universally understood as indicating the quantity
not the sound, in those languages. To mark the following words thus, Ca'per, Ce'lix, Co'ra, Ca'res, is to
represent the first syllable as long in quantity, when it is, in fact, short; and in like manner Bas'sus,
Cal'pe, CeTsus, Hun'ni, if thus marked, are held forth as having the penult short, when it is long in every
instance. Many hundreds, if not thousands of words, would have their quantity thus falsified, if we
applied our English mode of marking to the case of Greek and Latin words. The only safe way is to
illustrate the sound in question by a corresponding one in English ; but never to employ the long and
short characters in connection with Latin and Greek words, except for their legitimate and established
uses in prosody.
634 AB AC AD MQ JES
A'BA
Ab'y-lon
Ach-la-dae'us
Ad-her'bal
JEg-i-ne'ta
Ab'a-a
Ab-ys-si'ni
Ach-o-la'i, or
Ad-her'bas
JEg-i-ne'tes
Ab'a-ba
Ab-ys-sin'i-a
Ach-o-a'li
A-di-a-be'ne
A-bac'e-na
Ac-a-cal'lis
Ach-o-lo'e
A-di-an'te
^Egi-pan
Ab-a-cae'num
A-ca-ce'si-um
A-cho'reus
A-di-at'o-rix
A-bffi'a
A-ca'ci-us
A-cho'rus
Ad-i-man'tus
^-gir-o-es'sa
Ab'a-ga
Ac'a-cus
Ach-ra-di'na or
Ad-me'ta
A-bag'a-rus
Ac-a-de'mi-a
Ac-ra-di'na
Ad-me'tus
^-gis'thus
Ab'a-la
Ac-a-de'mus
Ac-i-cho'ri-us
A-do'ne-us or
^-gi'tum
Ab'a-lus
A-csen'i-tus
Ac-i-dali-a
Ad-o-ne'us
JE'gi-um
A-ba'na
Ac-a-lan'drus
Ac-i-da'sa
A-do'ni-a
^3'gle
A-ban'tes
A-calle
A-ci'la
A-don'i-cus
JE'gles
Ab-an-ti'a-de
A-ca-mar'chia
A-cil'i-a
A-do'nis
JS-gle'tes
A-ban'ti-as
Ac'a-mas
Ac-i-lig'e-na
Ad-ra-myt'ti-um
JEg'lo-ge
A-ban'ti-das
A-camp'sis
A-cil'i-us
Ad'ra-na
JE-gob'o-lus
A-ban'tis
A-can'tha
A-cil'la
A-dra'ne
^3-goc'e-ros
Ab-ar-ba're-a
A-can'thi-ue
A'cis
A-dra'num
-ffi'gon
Ab'a-ri
A-can'thus
Ac-mon'i-des
A-dras'ta
M-go'nes
A-bar'i-mon
Ac'a-ra
Ac-ce-me't
Ad-ras-ti'a
^Eg-o-sa'g8B
A-ba'rus
ATjas
A-ca'ri-a
Ac-ar-na'nes
A-cos'tes
Ac-o-ly'ti
Ad-ras-ti'i Cam'pi
Ad-ras-ti'ne
JEg-os-po t'a-moB
JE-gos'the-na
A'bas-a
Ac-ar-ma'n-ia
Ac'o-nje
A-dras'tus
M'gus
Ab-a-si'tis
A-car'nas
A-con'tes
A-dre'ne
^1-gyp'sus
Ab-as-se'na
A-cas'ta
A-con'te-us
A'dri-a
33-gyp'ta
Ab-as-se'ni
A-bas'sus
A-cas'tus
Ac-a-than'tua
A-con'ti-us
A-con-to-bullus
A-dri-an-op'o-lis
A-dri-a'num
^-gyp'ti-i
JE-gyp'ti-um
Ab'a-tos
Ac'a-ton
Ac'o-ris
A-dri-a'nus
Ab-da-lon'i-mua
Ac'ci-a
A'cra
A-dri-at'icum
^-li-a'nus
Ab-de'ra
Ac'ci-la
A'crae
Ad-ri-me'tum
Ab-de'ri-a
Ac'ci-us
A-cras'a
Ad-u-at'i-ci
JE-lu'rus
Ab-de-ri'te
Ac'cu-a
A-crae'phi-a
A-du'la
JE-ma'thi-a
Ab-de'rus
A'ce
Ac-ra-gal-li'dse
A-du'lis
JEm-il-i-a'nus
Ab-e-a'tis
Ac-e-di'ci
Ac'ra-gas
Ad-u-li'ton
^-mil'i-us, -a
A-bel'la
Ac'e-le
A-cra'tus
Ad-yr-mach'i-dse
^Em-nes'tus
Ab-el-la'ni
Ac'e-lum
A'cri-ae
./E-a-ce'a or -cei'a
jE-mo'na
Ab-el-li'num
A-ceph'a-li
A'cri-as
-2E-ac'i-das
^E-mo'ni-a
Ab-el-li'nus
A-be'lus
Ac-e-ra'tus
A-cerb'as
Ac-ri-doph'a-gi
A-cri'on
^-ac'i-des
JE-a-ci'um, or
^E-mon'i-dee
^rn'o-nis
Ab'e-lux
Ac-e-ri'na
Ac-ris-i-o'ne
-cse'um
^3'mus
A-ben'da
A-cer'raa
A-cris-i-o-ne'us
^-da'ri-a
Ab-es-sa'lon
Ac-er-eec'o-mes
A-cris-i-o-ni'a-des
-ffi-se'a
JE-na'si-us
Ab'ga-rus or
A'ces
A-cris'i-us
^]-a-me'ne
JE-ne'a, or -ni'n
A-bag'a-rus
A-ce'si-a
A-cri'tas
JE-an-te'um
^-ne'a-dse
A'bi-a
Ac-e-si'nes
A-cro'a-thon
-ffi-an'tis
^ne'a-dese
Ab'i-la
Ac-e-si'nus
A-cro'a-thos
^j'a-tus
^-ne'os
A-bis'a-res
A-ce'si-us
Ac-ro-ce-rau'ni-a
^ch-mac'o-ras
^-ne'i-a
Ab-i-son'te
A-ces'ta
A-croc'o-mae
^3-dep'sus
JE-ne'is
A-ble'rus
Acest'e
Ac-ro-co-ria'thus
.ffi-des'sa
.ffi-nes-i-de'mus
A-ble'tea
A-ces'ti-um
A'cron
^E-dic'u-la
^3-nc'si-us
Ab'no-ba
A-ces-to-do'rus
A-crop'o-lis
-aE-dilis, pi. -let
JS-ne'tus
Ab-o-bri'ca
Ac-es-tor'i-dea
Ac-ro-re'a
2E3-dep'sus
^En'i-cus
A-bo'bus
A-ce'tes
Ac-ro-re'i
A-e'don
M-ni'des
A-boec'ri-tus
Ach-a-by'tos
Ac'ro-ta
A-e-do'nis
,2E-ni'o-chi
Ab-o-la'ni
A-chge'a
A-crot'a-tus
^d'u-i
^In-o-bar'bus
A-bo'lus
A-chse'i
Ac-ro-tho'um.
^3-el'lo, or A-ello
JEu'o-cles
A-bon-i-tei'chos
A-chae'i-uni
-tho'i
M-e'ta, or ^-e'tes
^3'nos or -nus
Ab-o-ra'ca
A-chsem'e-nes
Ac-tse'a
.33-ny'ra
Ab'o ras
Ach-se-me-ni-a
Ac-tse'on
E'gse
^1-o'li-a, or JS'o-lia
Ab-o-rig'i-ne
Ach-as-men'i-dea
Ac-tse'us
&-gfe'se, or -gi'se
^3-o'li-ae
A-bor'ras
A-chse'us
Lc-tis'a-nes
^-gse'on
^]-ol'i-da
Ab-ra-da'tes
A-cha'i-a
Ac'ti-um
^-gas'us (adj.)
^-ol'i-des
A-bra'ha-mus
A-cha'is
Ac'ti-us
^-ga'le-os
JE'o-lus
A-bren'ti-us
Ach'a-ra
ic-tor'i-de
^E-ga'le-um
JE-o'ra.
A-broc'o-naas
Ach-a-ren'sei
^.ct'o-ris
^3'gan
^-pa'li-ua
Ab-ro-di-ae'tus
L-cn'le-o
E'gas
^-pe'a
A'bron
Ach-a'tes
A-cu'phis
JE-ga'te
JEp'u-lo
A-bro'ni-us
Ach-e-lo'i-des
A-cu-si-la'us
^'ge-as
E'py
A-bron'y-cus
Ach-e-lo'ri-um
L-cu'ti-cus
^3-ge'le-on
JEp'y-tua
A-bro'ta
Ach-e-lo'us
A-cy'rus
JE-ge'li
JE-qua'na
A-brot'o-num
A-cher'dus
A-cy'tus
^-ge'ri-a
^E'qui
A-bryp'o-lis
A-cher'i-mi
A'da
^-ges'ta
JE-quic'o-li
Ab-sa'rus
Ach'e-ron
A-dae'us
2E-ge'us
JEq-ui-meli-um
Ab-se'us
\.ch-e-ron'ti-a
Ad-o-man-tse'a
^3-gi'a-le
^3'ri-a
Ab-sin'thi-i
Ach-e-ru'si-a
Ad'a-mos
^-gi-ale-us
A-er'o-pus, -pa,
Ab-syr'tis, pi.
A-che'tus
Ad-a-mas'tus
.aa-gi-ali-a
or -pe
-ti-des
A-chil'las
Ad'a-na
^1-gi'a-lus
^s'a-cus
Ab-syr'tus
Ach-il-le'a
A-das'pi-i
Eg'i-la
JE'sar, ^s'a-rus
Ab-u-li'te
A-chil-lei-en'se
Ad-de-pha'gi-a
JEgil'i-a
^s'chi-neB
A'bus
Ach-il-le'is
Ad'du-a
^gi-lips
^Es'chri-on
Ab-y-de'nua
A-chilles
A-nel'phi-us
.ffi-gim'i-us
^3s-chyl'i-de
A-by'di
Ach-ii-le'um
A-ne'mon
^-gim'o-rus,
^s'chy-lus
A-by'dna
A-chilleus
A-deph'a-gus
-u-rus
^s-cu-la'pi-us
Ab'y-la
A-chi'vi
Ad-gan-des'tri-us
^-gi'na
JE-se'pus
-SS AH AL AL AM 535
JE-ser'ni-a
Ag-e-la'das, or -des Ai-do'ne-us
Al-cip'pus
Al-le'di-us
M-si'on
Ag-e-las'tus
A-i'la
Al-cith'o-e
Al'li-a
2E'son
Ag-e-la'us
A-im'y-lus
Alc-mse'on
Al-li-e'nus
^E-son'i-des
Ag-e-le'a
Ai'us Lo-cu'ti-us
Alc-ma3-on'i-dse
Al-lob'ro-ges
^E-so'pus
Ag'e-les
A'jax
Alc-me'na
Al-lot'ri-ges
JEs'tri-a
A-gen'di-cum
Al-a-ban'da
Al'co-ne
Al-lu'ti-us
.ffis'u-la
A-ge'nor
Al-a-ban'di, or
Al-cy'o-ne
Al-me'ne
JEs-y-e'tea
Ag-e-nor'i-dea
-den-ses
Al-cy-o'ne-us
Al-mo'pes
^-sy'me
Ag-e-ri'nus
Al-a-ban'di-cus
Al-des'cus
A-lo'a
JEs-ym-ne'tea
Ag-e-san'der
Al'a-bus, -bum, or
Al-du'a-bis
A-lo'as, or A-lo'is
JE-syin'nus
A-ge'si-as
-bon
A'le a
A-lo'ts-us
JEth'a-le
A-ges-i-da'uius
A-la?'a
A-le'bas
Al-o-i'des, pi. -dae
J3-tbali-a
A-ges-i-la'us
A-l89'i
A-le'bi-on
A-lo'ue, orA-lo'na
JE-thal'i-dea
Ag-e-sip'o-lis
A-lae'sa. -sus
A-lec'to
A-lo'ni
^E-tlia'li-on
Ag-e-sis'tra-ta, -tus
A-lse'us
A-lec'tor
Al'o-pe
JE-thi'ces
A-ge'tor
Al a-go'ni-a
A-lec'try-on
A-lop'e-ce, or
JEih'i-eus
A-ge'tus
A-la'la
A-lec'tus
-pe'ci-a
^E-tbi'on
Ag-ge'nus
Al-al-com'e-nse
A-le'i-us
A-lop-e-con-ne'sus
2E'thi-ops,
Ag-gram'mea
A-la'lia, or Al'a-lis
A-le'mon
A-lo'pi-us
pi. -tlii'o-pes
.ZE-thi-o'pi-a
Ag-gri'iia3
Ag'i-d83
Al-a-ma'nes
Al-a- for Al-e-;
Al-e-mon'i-des
Al-e-mu'si
A-lo'rus
A'los
A-eth'li-ua
Ag-i-la'us
-man'ni, or -ma'ni
A'lens
A-lo'ti-a
2E'thon
A'gis
A-la'ni
A'le-on
Al-pe'nus
.ffi'thra
A-gla'i-a, or -e
Al'a-res
A-le'ris
Al-pbe'a, or -i-a
^-thu'sa
Ag-la-o-ni'ce
Al-a-ri'cus
A-le'sa, or A-loe'sa
Al-phe'nor
JE'ti-a
A-gla'o-pes
Al-a-ro'di-i
A-le'si-a, or
Al-phe'nus
A-e'ti-on
Ag-la-o-phee'me
A-las'tor
A-lex'i-a
Al-phe-si-boe'us, -a
.ffi-ti-o-ne'a
A-gla'o-phon
A-lau'das
A-le'si-um
Al-phe'us
^J-ti'tea
Ag-la-os'the-nea
A-la'zon, or
A-le'sus
Al-phi'on
A-e'ti-us
Ag-laii'ros
-zo'ni-us
A-le'tes
Al'phi-us
.E-to'li
Ag-la'us or Ag 7 -
Al-a-zo'nea
A-le'thea
Al-pi'nus
.ffi-to'li-a
Ag'na
Al-ba'ni, or
A-le'tLi-a
Al-po'nus
2B-tolua
Aer-nod'i-'ce
Al-ben'sea
A-le'tis
Al'si-um
./Ex-o'ne
Ag'non
Al-ba'ni-a
Al-e-tri-na'tes
Al-thse'a
A'fer
Ag-non'i-dea
Al-ba'nus
A-le'tri-um
Al-thaem'e-nes
A-fra'ni-a
Ag-no'tes
Al'bi-a
A-le'tum
Al-the'pus
A-fra'ui-us
Ag-o-na'li-a,
Al-bi'ci
A-leu'a-dse
Al-ti'iium
At'ri-ea
A-go'ni-a
Al-bi-e'tro
Ale-us
A-luu'ti-um
Af-ri-ea'nus
A-go'nes
Al-bi-gau'num
A'lex
A'lus or Al'u-us
Afri-ena
A-go'ni-us
Al-bi'ni
A-lex-a-me'nua
A-ly-at'tes
Ag'a-bus
A-go'nus
Al-bi-no-va'nus
Al-ex-an'der
Al'y-ba
A-gacly-tus
Ag'o-ra
Al-bin-t3-me'li-um
Al-ex-an'dra
Al-y-bi'da
Ag-ag-ri-a'nae
Ag-o-rac'ri tus
Al-bi'nus
Al-ex-an'dri-a
Al-y-csa'a
Ag-a-las'ses
Ag-o-rze'a
Al'bi-on
(a woman)
Al-y-cse'us
A-galla
Ag-o-ra'nis
Al'bi-us
Al-ex-an-dri'a
A-ly'mon
Ag'a-me
Ag-a-me'de
Ag-o-ran'o-mi
Ag-o-re'sus
Al-bu-cilla
Al'bu-la
(a city)
Al-ex-an'dri-dea
A-ly'pus
A-lys'sus
Ag-a-me'des
A'gra
Al-bu'ne-a
Al-ex-an-dri'ua
Al-yx-otli'o-e
Ag-a-mem'uon
Ag-a-mem-no'ni-us
A'gree-a, -us
A-grae'i, or
Al-bur'nus
Al-bu'ti-us
Al-ex-an-drop'o-lis
Al-ex-a'nor
Al-y-ze'a
A-mad'o-ci
Ag-a-me'tor
Ag-ren'sea
Al-co3n'e-tus
Al-ex-ar'chus
A-mad'o-cus
A-gam'ma-tse
Ag'ra-gas
Al-cse'us
A-lex'as
Am'a-ge
Ag-am-nes'tor
A-grau'le
Al-cam'e-nea
A-lex'i-a
Am-al-tho3'a
Ag'a-mus
A-grau li-a
Al-can'der
Al-ex-ic'a-cus
Am-al-the'um
Ag-a-nip'pe
A-grau'los
Al-can'dre
Al-ex-i'nus
Am'a-na, or -nus
A-gan'za-ga, or -va
A-grau-o-ni'tse
Al-ca'nor
A-lex'i-o
A-man'dus
Ag'a-pse
Ag-a-pe'nor
A'gar
A-gri-a'nea
A-gric'o-la
A g-ri-gen'tum
Al-cath'o-e
Al-cath'o-us
Al-ca'nor
Al-ex-ip'pus
Al-ex-i'a-rea
A-lex'is
A-man'i-cae
A-man'tes, or
Am-au-ti'ni
Ag'a-ri
A-grin'i-iim
Al-ces'te, or
A-lex'on
A-ma'nus
Ag-aris'ta
A-gri'o-dos
Al-ces'tis
Al-fa-ter'na
A-mar'a-cus
A-gas'i-clea
A-gri-o'ni-a
Al'ce-tas
Al-fe'nus
A-mar'di
A-gas'sse
A-gri'o-pas
Al'chi-das
Al'gi-dum
A-mar'tus
A-gas'tbe-nea
A-gri'o-pe
Al-chim'a-chus
Al-go'num
Am-a-ryl'lis
A-gas'thus
A -gri- oph'a- gi
Al-ci-bi'a-dea
A-li-ar'tum
Ain-a-i-yn'ce-us
A-gas'tro-phus
A-grip'pa
Al-ci'dse
All-da
Ani-a-ryn-thi'a
Ag'a-sus
Ag'a-tba
Ag-a-thar'chi-dea
Ag-rip-pe'um, or
-pi'um
Ag-rip-pi'na
Al-cid'a-mas
Al-ci-da-me'a
Al-ci-dam'i-das
A-li-e'nus
A-li'fae, or -phae,
or Al-li'fae
Am-a-iyn'thua
Am-a-rys'i-a
A'uias
Ag-a-thar'chus
A-gris'o-pe
Al-ci'das
Am-a-se'a
A-ga'thi-as
A'gri-us
Al-ci'dea
Al-i-men'tus
Am-a-se'nus
Ag'a-tho
Ag'ro-las
Al-cid'i-ce
A-lim'e-nus
A-ma'si-a
Ag-a-tho-cle'a
A'gron
Al-cid'o-cus
A-lin'dse
A-ma'sis
A-gath'o-clea
A-gro'tas
Al-cim'e-de
Al-in-do'i-a
A-mas'tris
Ag'a-thon
A-grot'er-a
Al-cim'e-don
Al-i-pha'uus, or
A-mas'trus
Ag-a-tho'pus
A-gyi'e-us
Al-cim'e-nea
-fa'iius
A-ma'ta
Ag-a-thyr'num,
A-gyl'e-ua
Al'ci-inus
Al-i-phe'ra, or
Am-a-the'i
or -na
A-gyl'la
Al-cin'o-e
-phi'ra
A-ma'thus
Ag-a-thyr'si
A^'-yl-lse'us
Al'ci-uor
Al-i-phe-rae'i
A-max-am-pe'us
Ag-a-thy'rus
A-gyr'i um, -us
Al-cin'o-us
Al-ir-ro'thi-us
A ni;ix-an-ti'a
A-gau'e, or -ga've
A-gyr'tea
Al-ci-o'ne-us
Al-i-soo'ti-a
A-raax'i-a
A-ga'vus, pi. -vi
A-gy'rus
Al'ci-phron
A-li'sum. or
Am -as
Ag-des'tis
A-hala
Al-cip'pe -so, or -son
Am-tix-o'bi-i
536 AM AH A^ A^ AO
Am-a-ze'nec
Am-pbi-a-ra'us
An-a-ni'as
An'dro-cles
An'tbi-us
A-ma'zon
Ain-phi-ar-a-e'us,
An'a-phe
An-dro-cli'des
An-tho'ret
A-maz'o-nea (pi.)
(adj,)
An-a-phlys'tuB
An-dro'clus
An-tbra'ci-a
Am-a-zo'ni-a
Am-phi-cle'a
A-na'pi-us
An-dro-cy'des
An-thro-pi'nus
Am-a-zon'i-des
Am-a-zo'ni-uin
Am-phic'ra-tes
Am-phic-ty'on
A-na'pu3
A-nar'gy-ri
An-drod'a-mus
An-dro'dus
An-throp-o-mor-
phi'ta
Am-a-zo'ni-ua
Am-bar'ri
Am-phic-ty'o-nea
Am-phid'a-mus
A-nar'tes
A'nas
An-dro'ge-os
An-dro'ge-us
An-thro-poph'a-ari
An-thylla
Am-bar-va'les
Am-phid'o-li
A-nath'e-ma
An-drogV-na3
An-ti-a-ni'ra
Hos'tize
Am-phi-dro'mi-a
A-nat'o-le
An-drom'a-cbe
An'ti-as
Am-bar-vali-a
Am-phi-ge-ni'a
A-nau'chi-das
An-dro-ma-cbi'da3
An-ti-bac-cWus
Am-ba't89
Am-pbil'o-chus
A-nau'rus
An-drom'a-chu3
An-tic'a-nis
Ain'be-nus
Am-phil'y-tus
A-nau'sis
An-drom'a-das
An-tic'a-to
Am-bi-a-li'tes
Am-phim'a-chus
A'nax
Au-drom'e-da
An-ticb'tbo-nea
Am-bi-a'num
Am-phim'e-don
An-ax-ag'o-ras
An-drom'e-des
An-tic-i-no'lis
Am-bi-a-ti'num
Am-phin'o-me
An-ax-an'der
An-dro-ni'cus
An-ti-cle'a
Am-bi-bar'e-ti
Am-bi'cus
Am-phin'o-mus
Am-phi'on
An-ax-an'dri-des
An-ax-ar'chus
An-droph'a-gi
An-dro-pom'pus
Au'ti-cles
Au-ti-cli'de
Am-bi-ga'tus
Am-pbip'a-gus
An-ax-ar'e-te
An-dros'the-nea
An-tic'ra-gus
Am-bi'o-rix
Ara-phip'o-les
An-ax-e'nor
An-dro'ti-on
An-tic'ra-te*
Am'bla-da
Am-phip'o-lis
A-nax'i-as
An-e-lon'tis
An-tic'y-ra
Am-bra'ci-a
Am-pbip'y-ros
An-ax-ib'i-a
An-e-mo'li-a
An-tid'o-inus
Am-bra'ci-us
Am-pbi-re'tu3
An-ax-ic'ra-tes
An-e-mo'sa
Au-tid'o-tus
Am-bro'dax
Am-pbir'o-e
A-nax-i-da'mus
An-e-ras'tus
An-tig'e-nes
Am-bro'nea
A m-phis-bae'na
A-nax'i-las, or la'us
A-ne'tor
A n-ti-gen'i-das, or
Am-bro'si-a
Am-pbis'sa
An-ax-il'i-dea
An-fin' (or -phin)
-des
Am-bro'si-us
Am-phis-se'ne
A -nax-i-ni an'der
-o-mus
An-tig^o-na, or -ne
Am-bry'on
Am-pbis'sus
An-ax-im'e-nes
An'ga-ri
Au-ti-go-ni'a, or
Am-brys'sus
Am-phis'the-nea
An-ax-ip'o-lis
An-ge'li-a
-ue'a
Am-bu-ba'jse
Am-phis-ti'des
An-ax-ip'pus
An-ge-li-on
An-tig'o-nus
Am-bu'li-us, -li-i
Am-phis'tra-tus
An-ax-ir'rho-e
An'ge-lu3
An-til'co
Am'e-lea
Am-pbit'e-a
L-nax'is
An-gi'tes
An-ti-lib'a-nus
Am-e-ria'nus
Am-phi -the-a'trum
A-nax'o
An-gli'a
An-til'o-chus
Am-e-ni'dea
Am-phifcb'e-mis
An-cae'us
An-gu-it'i-a
An-tim'a-cbxi-s
A-men'o-clea
Am-phith'o-e
An-ca-li'tes
A'ni-a
An-tim'e-nea
Am-e-no'phis
Am-phi-tri'te
An-ca'ri-us
An-i-ce'tus
^n-tin'o-e
A-me'ri-a
Am-phit'ry-on
An-cba're*
A-nic'i-a
An-tin-o-e'a
A-mes'tra-tus
A-mes'tris
Am-phit-ry-o-ni'
a-dea
An-cha'ri-a
An-cha'ri-ug
V-nic'i-um
A-nic'i-us
An-ti-nce'i-a
An-ti-nop'o-lis
A-mi'clas
Am'phi-tus
An-cha'tea
L-ni'gru8
in-tin'o-us
Am-i-clae'us
Am' phi-us
An-cbem'o-lus
A'ni-o, A'ni-en
An-ti-o-clii'a, or
A-mic'tas
Lm-phot'e-rus
An-che-si'fcea
in'i-sus
-che'a
A-mi'da
Am-pbry'sus
Au-ches'mus
An-i-tor'gis
i.n-ti'o-chis
A-mil'car
im'py-cus
An-chi'a-le
A'ni-us
kn-ti'o-chus
Am'i-lo-3
Imp'sa-gas
An-chi-a-li'a
in-ni-a'nus
Ln-ti'o-pe, or -pa
A-mim'o-ne
Lm-pyc'i-des
An-cbi'a-lus
Ln'ni-bal
Ln-ti-o'ru3
A-mym'o-ne
A-min'e-a
im-sanc'tus
A-mu'li-us
An-chi-mo'li-us
An-chin'o-e
m'ni-bi
Ln-nic'e-ris
Au-tip'a-ros
Ln-tip'a-ter
Am-min'e-a
i-my'cla
An-chi'ses
An-ni-cbo'ri, or
LU-ti-pa'tri-a
A-miu'i-as
A-min'i-us
A.-my'clse
Arn-y-cl8B'us
An-chis'i-a
An-cbi-si'a-dc*
-res
Ln'ni-us
An-ti-pat'ri-das
n-tip'a-tris
A-min'o-cles
.-my'clas
An'cbo-e
A-no'lus
An-tiph'a-ne
Am-i-se'na
Lm-y-cli'des
An'cho-ra
An'o-nus
n-tipb'a-tea
Am-i-si'a
A-mis'i-as
.m'y-cus
.m'y-don
An-chu'rus
An-cile
An-o-pse'a
,n si-ba'ri-a
.n-tipb'i-lus
Ln'ti-phon, -pb.ua
A-mis'sas
.m-y-mo'ne
An-co'na
An-tae'as
.n-tipb'o-nus
A-mi'sum, or
A-myn'tas
An-cy'le
An-tse-op'o-lis
n-tip'o-dea
A-mi'sus
.-myn-ti-a'nus
An-cy'ra
n-tae'us
.n-ti-po3''nus
Am-i-ter'num
A-myn'tor
An-cy'ra3
.n-tag'o-ras
An-tip'o-lis
Am-i-tba'on, or
A-my'ris
An-cy'ron
An-tal'ci-das
.n-tir'rhi-um
Am-y-tha'ou
.-myr'i-us
An-dab'a-lis
n-tan'der
n-tir'rh.o-doa
Am-ma'lo
Am'y-rus
An-dab'a-tsB
.n-tan'dros
.n-tis'sa
Am-mi-a'nus
A-mys'tis
An-da'r.a
An-te'a
n-tis'the-nea
Am-mo-chos'tos
.m-y-tha'on
An-da'ni-a
n-tei'us
n-tis'ti-us
Arn-mo'ni-a
Am -y -tha-o'ui-us
An-de-ca'vi-a
.n-tem'nse
n-tith'e-us
Am-mo'ni-i
.m'y-tis
An-de-ga'vum
.n-te'nor
n'ti-um
Am-mo'ni-us
.-nab'a-sis
An-de'ra
.n-te-nor'i-des
.n-tom'e-nca
Am-mo'tbe-a
-nab'a-tse
An-de-ca'o-ne*
An-ter bro'gi-us
.n-to-ni'ua
Am-nem'o-nes
.n-a-ce'i-a
An-doc'i-des
.n'te-ros
.n-to-ni'nus,
Am'ui-as
n'a-ces, or
An-dom'a-tis
.n-tbe'a
.n-to-ni-op'o-lis
Am-ni'sus
A-nac'tes
An-drsD'mon
n'tbe-as
n-to'ni-us, -a, -i
Am-ni'tea
n-a-ce'um
An-dra-ga'thi-us
ii-the'don
.n-tor'i-de
Am-oe-ba3'u3
n-a-cbar'sis
An-drag'o-ras
n-thela
-nu'bis
Am-o-me'tus
n-a-cle'tus
Au-dram'y-les
n'the-mis, -mns
.n'xi-us
Am-om-pbar'e-tus
A-na'cre-on
An-dre'as,
n'the-mon
.nx'u-rus, -ras
A'mor
.n-ac-to'ri-a, -urn
An'dre-as
.n-the-mu'si-a
.n'y-tus
A-mor'gea
.-nac'to-rum
An-dre'mon
n-the'ne
n-za'be
A-mor'gos
n-ac to'ri-e
An'dri-a
n-ther'mus
-ol'li-us
Am'pe-lus
n-a-dy-om'e-ne
An'dri-clus
n-thes-pbo'ri-a
o-ues
Am-pe-lu'si-a
-nag'ni-a
An'dri-on
u-thes-te'ri-a
-o'ni-a
Am-phe'a
Ln-a-gy-rou'tum
An-dris'cus
n-thi'a
-on'i-de
Am-pbi'a-nax
-nag'y-rus
An-dro'bi-ua
n'tbi-nflB
-o'ris
Am-phi-a-ra'i-des
An-a-i'tis
An-dro-cle'a
n'tbi-um
-or'nos, or A-or'nis
AO AE AH AR AR 537
A-or'si
Ap-sin'thi-i
Ar-chi-da-mi'a
Ar-gi'a
A-ris-to-cli'de
A-o'rus
Ap'si-nus
Ar-chi-da'mua
Ar'gi-aa
A-ris-to-cle'a
A-o'ti
Ap'te-ra
Ar'chi-das
Ar-gi-le'tum
A-ris'to-cles
A-o'ua
Ap-u-le'i-us, -a
Ar-chi-de'mus
Ar-gil'i-ua
Ar-is-toc'ra-tea
A-pa'i-tB
A-pu'li-a
Ar-chi-de'us
Ar-gillus
Ar-is-to'cre-on
A-pa'ma, or -me
Ap'u-lu3
Ar-chid'i-um
Ar'gi-lus
Ar-is-toc'ri-tus
Ap-a-me'a, or -mi-a
Ap-u-scid'a-mus
Ar-cb.i-gal'lu3
Ar-gi'nus
A-ris-to-da'ma
Ap-a-me'ne
A-par'ni
Ap'y-ri
A-qua'ri-us
Ar-chig'e-nes
Ar-chil'o-chus
Ar-gi-nu'sse
Ar-gi'o-pe
A.-ris-to-de'mua
Ar-is-tog'e-nea
Ap-a-tu'ri-a
Aq'ui-la
Av-chi-me'des
Ar-gi-pbon'te
A-ris-to-gi'ton
A-pe-au'ros
A-pe-li-o'tea
Aq-ui-ia'ri-a
Aq-ui-le'i-u, or
Ar-chi'nus
Ar-chi-pel'a-gus
Ar-gip'pe-i
Ar-gith'e-a
A-ris-to-la'us
Ar-is-tom'a-che
A-pel'la
A-pel'les
-le'gi-a
A-quil'i-us, -a
Ar-chip'o-lis
Ar-chip'pe
Ar-gi'vi
Ar-gi'vus. adj.
Ar-is-tom'a-chus
A-ris-to-me'dea
Ap-el-le'us
A-pel'li-con
Aq'ui-lo
Aq-ui-lo'ni-a
Ar-chip'pus
Ar-chi'tis
Ar'gi-us
Ar-go'da
Ar-is-tom'e-nea
A-ris-to-nau'tse
Ap-en-ni'nus
A-qui'nas
Ar-chon'tes
Ar-gol'i-cus
A-ris-to-ni'cus
A'per
A-qtun'i-us
A^chy-lus
Ar'go-lis
Ar-is-ton'i-dei
Ap-e-ran-ti'a
A-qui'num
Ar-chy'tas
Ar-go-nau'tse
Ar-is-ton'ous
Ap-e-ro'pi-a
Aq-ui-ta'ni-a
Ar-cit'e-nes
Ar-gyn'nis
A-ris'to-nus
Ap'e-sus, -sas, or
Aq-ui-tan'i-cus
Arc-ti'nus
Ar-^ryn'nus
Ar-is-ton'y-mus
-san-tes
Aq'ui-tes
Arc-toph'y-lax
Ar-g/ra
Ar-is-toph'a-nes
Aph'a-ca, or -ce
A'ra
Arc-to'us
Ar-gy-ras'pi-des
A-ris-to-pbi-li'des
A-phse'a
Ar-a-bar'ches
Arc-tu'rus
Ar'gy-re
A-ris'to-phon
A'phar
Ar'a-bes
Ar'da-lus
Ar-gyr'i-pa,
A-ris-to-phy'li
Aph-a-re'tus
A-ra'bi-a
Ar-da'ni-a
Ar-gy-rip'pa
A-ris'tor
Aph-a-re'us
A-rab'i-cus
Ar-dax-a'nus
Ar-?y-rop'o-lis
Ar-is-tor'i-dea
A'phas
Ar'a-bis
Ar'de-a
A'ri-a
Ar-is-tot'e-les
A-phellas
A'rabs, Ar'a-bus
Ar-de-a'tes
A-ri-ad'ne
A-ris-to-ti'mus
Aph'e-sas
A-rac'ca, -rcc'ca
Ar-de-ric'ca
A-ri-re'us
Ar-is-tox'e-nus
Aph'e-ts3
A-rach'ne
Ar-di-se'i
A-ri-am'nes
A-ris'tus
A-phe'tor
Ar-ach-ne'a
Ar-dis'cus
A-ri-a'ni, or -e'ni
Ar-is-tyl'lus
A-phi'das
Ar-a-cho'si-a
Ar'do-ne
A-ri-an'tas
A'ri-us (the heretic)
A-pMd'na, -nus
Ar-a-cbo'ta3, or -ti
Ar-do'ne-a
A-ri-a-ra-the'a
A-ri'us, or A'ri-as
Aph-ne'um
A-rac'thi-as
Ar-du'a
A-ri-a-ra'thes
Ar'me-ne
Aph-ce-be'tus
Ar-a-cil'lum
Ar-du-en'na
A-ri-as'me-nus
Ar'me-nes
A-phri'ces
Ar-a-co'si-i
Ar-du-i'ne
Ar-ib-bae'us
Ar-me'ni-a
Aph-ro-dis'e-us
Ar-a-cvn'thus
Ar-dy-en'sea
Ar'i-bes
Ar-men-ta'ri-us
Aph-rodis'i-a
ArVdus
Ar'dys
A-ric'i-a
Ar-mil'la-tus
Aph-ro-dis'i-as
A'ree
A're
Ar-i-ci'na
Ar-mi-lus'tri-um
Aph-ro-di'sum
Ar-a-pM'a
A-re-ac'i-daa
Ar-i-daj'us
Ar-min'i-us
Aph-ro-di'te, or -ta
A'rar, Ai/a-ris
A-re'as
A-ri-e'nis
Ar-mor'i-cs3
Aph-ro-di-top'o-lis
Ar-a-te'us
A-re'gon
Ar-i-gaa'um
Ar-mor'i-cus
A-phy'te, or
Ar-a-thyr'e-a
A-reg'o-nis
Ar-ig-no'tus
Ar'mo-zon
A-phy'tis
A-ra'tus
Ar'e-las
A-ri'i
Ar-ni-en'sis
A'pi-a
A-rau'ri-cus
Ar-e-la'tum
Ar'i-ma
Ar-no'bi-us
A-pi-a'nug
A-ra'vus
A-rel'li-us
Ar-i-mas'pi
Ar'o-a
Ap-i-ca'ta.
Ar-ax-e'nus
A-re-mor'i-ca
Ar-i-mas'pi-as
A-rom'a-ta
A-pic'i-us
A-rax'es
A-re'na, -nse
Ar-i-mas'thse
Ar'o-tffl
A-pid'a-nus
Ar-ba'ces or Ar*
A-ren'a-cum
Ar-i-ma'zea
Ar-o-te'res
A-pid'o-nes
Ap'i-na, or nee
Ar-be'la, or
Ar'be-la
A-re-o-pa-gi'tse
A-re-op'a-gus
Ar'i-mi
A-rim'i-nu:n
A-rot're-baa
Ar'pa-ni
A-pi'o-la, or -lae
Ar-belus
A-re'os
Ar-im-phaa'i
Ar-pi'num
A'pi-on
Ar-bo'na
Ares
Ar'i-inus
Ar'qui-tua
A'pis
Ar-bus'cu-la
A-res'tze
Ar'i-nes
Ar-ra-bo'na
A-piti-ua
Ar'ca-des
A-res'tha-nas
A-ri-o-bar-za'nes
Ar-ra-chi'on
A-poc'o-pa
Ar-ca'di-a
A-res'tor
A-ri-o-man'des
Ar-rse'i
Ap-o-do'ti
Ar-ca'di-us
Ar-es-tor'i-des
A-ri-o-mar'dus
Ar-re'chi
A-pol-li-na'res
Ar-ca'num
Ar'e-ta
A-ri-o-me'dea
Ar-rha-bae'li3
A-pol-li-na'ris
Ar-ces'i-las, -la'us
Ar-e-tce'us
A-ri'on
Ar'ri-a
Ap-ol-lin'e-us
Ar-ce'si-us
Ar-e-tales
A-ri-o-vis'tus
Ar-ri-a'nus
Ap-ol-lin'i-dea
Ar-chse'a
Ar-e-taph'i-la
Ar-i-pi'thea
Ar'ri-us
A-pol'lo
Ar-cbae'a-nnx
Ar'e-tas
A'ris
Ar-run'ti-us
Ap-ol-loc'ra-tes
Ar-chaB-at'i-das
A-re'te
A-risTaa
Ar-saTjes
A-pol-lo-do'rus
Ar-chag'a-tL.iib
Ar'e-te
Ar-is-taan'e-tus
Ar'sa-ce
Ap-ol-lo'ni-a
Ar-chan'der
Ar'e-tb.on
Ar-is-tse'us
Ar-sa'ci-a
A-pol-lo-ni'des
Ar-chan'dros
Ar-e-thu'sa
Ar-is-tag'o-ras
A r-sac'i-ds9
Ap-ol-lo'ni-ud
Ar'che
Ar-e-ti'nus
Ar-is-tau'der, -dros
Ar-sam'e-nes
Ap-ol-lon'i-des
Ar-ched'i-cus
A-re'tus
A-is-tar'che
Ar-sa'nea
Ap-ol-lo'ni-us
Ar-cheg'e-te*
A-re'us,
Ar-is-tar'chus
Ar-sa'ni-as
Ap-ol-loph'a-nei
Ar-che-la'us
A-ri'us, adj.
A-ris-ta-za'nes
Ar-se'na
A-po-my-i'os
Ar-chem'a-chus
Ar-gse'us
A-ris'te-as
Ar-se'sa
A-po-ni-a'na
Ar-chem'o-nis
Ar'ga-lus
A-ris'te-r89
Ar'si-a
A-po'ni-us
Ar-chep'o-lis
Ar-gan-tho'na
4-ris'te-us
Ar-si-dse'us
Ap'o-nus
Ar-chep-tol'e-mus
Ar-gan-tho-ni'um
A-ris'the-nes
-\r-sin'o-e
Ap-os-tro'pM-a
Ar-ches'tra-tus
Ar-gath'o-na
A-ris'thus
Ar-si'tea
Ap-o-the-o'sia
Ar-che-ti'mus
Ar-ga-tb.o'ni-u3
Ar-is-ti'bus
Ar-ta-ba'nus
Ap-pi'a-dea
Ar-che'ti-us
Ar-ge'a
Ar-is-ti'dea
Ar-ta-ba-/a'ncs, or
Ap-pi-a'uus
Ar'chi-a
Ar-ge-a'thse
Ar-is-tillua
Ar-tam'e-nes
Ap'pi-i Fo'rum
Ar'chi-as
Ar-gen'num
Ar-is-tip'pus
Ar-ta-ba'zus
Ap'pi-ug, -a
Ar-chi-bi'a-de
Ar-ges'tra-tus
A-ris'ti-us
Ar'ta-bri
Ap'pu-la
Ar-chib'i-us
Ar-ge'us
A-ris'to or -ton
Ar-ta-cse'as
A'pri-es, -us
Ar-chid'a-mag
Ar'gi
Ar-is-to-bulus
Ar-ta-cs3'na
538 AK BA BA BA BA
Ar'ta-ce
As-ca'ni-ua
As'to-ini
A-til'i-us
Au-re'o-lus
Ar-ta-ce'ne
As'che-tus
As-trsB'a
A-til'la
Au-ri'ga
Ar-ta'ci-a
As-che'um
As-trse'us
A-ti'na
Au-rin'i-a
Ar-tee'i
As-ci'i
As'tura
A-ti'nas
Au-ro'ra
Ar-ta-ge'ra
Ar-ta-ger'ses
Ar-ta'nes
Ar-ta'o-zus
As-cle-pi'a-des
As-cle-pi-o-do'rus
As-cle -pi-od'o-tus
As-cle'pi-us
As'tu-re
As-tu'ri-cus
As-ty'a-ge
As-ty'a-lus
A-tin'i-a
At-lan'tes
At-lan-ti'a-des
At-lan'ti-des
Au-run'ci
Au-run-cu-le'i-us
Aus-clii'see
Au'se-ris
Ar-ta-pa'nus
As-cle-ta'ri-on
As-ty'a-nax
A-tos'sa
Au'so-nea
Ar-ta-pher'nes
As-co'li-a
As-ty-cra-te'a
At'ra-cea
Au-so'ni-a
Ar-ta'tus
As-co'ni-us
As-ty-cra'ti-a
At-ra-myt'ti-um
Au-son'i-dse
Ar-ta-vas'des
As'cu-lum
As-tyd'a-mas
At'ra-pes
Au-so'ni-us
Ar-tax'a, or
As'dru-bal
As-ty-da-mi'a
A'trax
Aus-ta-ge'na
Ar-tax'i-as
A'se-a
As'ty-lus
At-re-ba'tse
Aus-te'si-on
Ar-tax'a-res
A-sel'li-o
As-tym-e-du'sa
At-re-ba'tea
Au-ta-ni'tis
Ar-tax-as'a-ta
A'si-a
As-tyn'o-me
A-tre'ni
Au- or At-to-bulus
Ar-tax'a-ta
A-si-ag'e-nea
As-tyn'o-mi
A'tre-us
Au-toc'a-nes
Ar-tax-erx'es
A-si-at'i-cus
As-tyn'o-us
A-tri'des
Au-toch'tho-nea
Ar-tax'i-as
A-si-a-ge'tes
As-ty'o-che
A-tro'ni-us
Au'to-cles
Ar-ta-yc'tes
A-si'las
As-ty-o-cM'a
At-ro-pa-te'ne
Au-toc'ra-tes
Ar-ta-yn'ta
A-si'lus
As-ty-pa-lse'a
At-ro-pa'ti-a
Au-to-cre'ne
Ar-ta-yn'tea
Ar'te-mas
As'i-na, or -ne
As-i-na'ri-us
As-typh'i-lus
As'ty-ron, or -ra
A-trop'a-tus
At'ro-pos
Au-tol'e-mus
Au-tol'o-lae
Ar-tein-ba'res
As'i-nes
As'y-chis
At-tac'o-rse
Au-tol'y-cus
Ar-tem-i-do'rus
A-sin'i-us
A-sy'las
At-ta-li'a
Au-tom'a-te
Ar'te-mis
A'si-us
A-syl'lus
At'ta-lus
Au-tom'e-don
Ar-te-mis'i-a
As-na'us
A-syn'cri-tus
At-tar'ras
Au-to-me-du'sa
Ar-te-mi'ta
A -so'phis
A-tab'u-lus
At-teg'u-a
Au-tom'e-nes
Ar'te-mon
A-so'pi-a
A-tab'y-ris
At-te'i-us
Au-tom'o-li
Ar-te-mo'na
As-o-pi'a-des
At-a-by-ri'te
At'ti-ca
Au-ton'o-e
Ar-te'na
Arth'mi-us
A-so'pis
A-so'pus
At'a-cea
At-a-lan'ta
At'ti-cus
At-ti-da'tes
Au-toph-ra-da'tet
Au-tri'cum
Ar-tim'pa-sa
Ar-to-bar-za'nes, or
As-pal-a-thi'a
As-pam'i-threa
At-a-ly'da
At-a-ran'tes
At'ti-la
At-til'i-us
Au-trig'o-nea
Au-tu'ra
Ar-to-bar'za-nes
As-pa-ra'gi-um
A-tar'be-chis
At-ti'nas
Aux-e'si-a
Ar-tocb/mea
As-pa'si-a
A-tar'ga-ti3
At'ti-us
Aux'i-mon
Ar-to'na
As-pa-si'rus
A-tar'ne-a
At-u-at'i-ci
Av-a-ri'cum
Ar-to'ui-us
As-pa'si-us
A'tas, A'thas
At'u-bi
A-var'i-cus
Ar-ton'tes
As-pas'tes
A'tax
At'u-rus
Av'a-ses
Ar-tox'a-res
As-pa-the'sis
A'te
A-ty'a-dse
A-vel'la
Ar-tu'ri-us
As-pa-thi'nes
A-tella
A'tys
Av-en-ti'nus
Ar-ty'nea
As-pen'dus
At'e-na
Au-cha'tae
A-vei/nus or -na
Ar-tyn'i-a
As-phal-ti'tea
At-e-no-ma'rus
Au-de'ra
A-ves'ta
Ar-tys'to-na
As-ple'don
A-ter'ga-tis
Au-fe'i-a A'qua
A-vid-i-e'nus
Ar'u-se
As-po-re'nus
Ath-a-ma'nes
Au-fi-de'na
A-vid'i-as
Ar-va'lea, or
As-sa-bi'nus
Atli'a-mas
Au-fid'i-us
A-vi-e'nus
Am-bar-va'lea
As-sar'a-cus
Ath-a-inan-ti'a-des
Au'fi-dus
A-vi'tus
A-ru'ci, or -ruc'ci
As-se'ra
Ath-a-na'si-us
Au'ga, Au'ge
A'vi-um
A-ru'e-ris
^.s-se-ri'ni
A-than'a-ti
Au'ga-rus
Ax'e-nus
A'runa
As-se'sus
Ath'a-nis
Au'ge-SB
Ax-i'o-chus
A-run'ti-us
As-so'rus
A'the-as
Au-gi'as, Au-ge'as
Ax-i'on
Ar-u-pi'nus
As-su-e'rus
A-the'na
Au'gi-lse
Ax-i-o-ni'cus
Ar-ver'ni
Is-syr'i-a
A-the'nffi
Au-gi'nus
Ax-i-o'ta3
Ar-vir'a-gus
As-tab'o-ras
Atb.-e-ne'um
Au-gus-ta'li-a
Ax-i-o'te-a
Ar-vis'i-um, or
As-ta-cce'ni
Ath-e-ns9'us
Au-gus-ti'nus
Ax-i-o'the-a
-vi'sus
As'ta-cus
Ath-e-nag'o-ras
Au-gus-t o-nem'e-
Ax'i-us
A-ry-an'dei
Ls-ta-ge'ni
Atb.-e-na'is
tum
Ax'o-na
Ar'y-bas
As'ta-pus
A-the'ni-on
Au-gus'tu-lus
Ax-o'nes (a people)
Ar-yp-tae'us
As-tar'te
A-then'o-cles
Au-gus'tus,
Ax'o-nes (tablets)
A-ryx'a-ta
As-tel'e-be
A-tb.eu-o-do'ru3
Au-gus'ta
A-zam'o-ra
A-san'der
\s-te'ri-a
A'the-os
Au-les'tea
A'zan
As-ba-me'a
Ls-te'ri-on, or -us
Ath'e-sis
Au-le'tes
A-za'ni
As-bes'tse, or
As'te-ris
Atb/mo-num
Au'lis
A-ze'ca
As-bys'tae
As-te-ro'di-a
A'tlios
Au-lo-cre'ne
A-zi'de
AsTjo-lus
is-ter-o-pse'us
A-tho'us
Aulon
A-zi'lis
As-bo'tus
is-ter'o-pe
A-thrulla
Au-lo'ni-us
A-zi'ris
As-by'te
As-te-ru'si-us
A-thym'bra
Au'ras
Az'o-nax
As-caTa-phus
As-tin'o-me
Ath'y-ras
Au-re-li-a'nus
A-zo'rus
As'ca-lon
As-ti'o-chus
A'ti-a
Au-reli-us
A-zo'tus
B.
BA-BILT-US
Bac-che'is
Ba'cis
Bse'bi-us
Ba-goph'a-nai
Bab'i-lus
Bac-che'us
Bac'o-ras
Bse-sola
Ba-go'us
Batty-Ion
Bac-chi'a-dffl
Bac-tri-a'ni
Bee-tho'ron
Bag'ra-da
Bab-y-lo'ni-a
Bac'chis
Bac-tri-a'na,
Bse'tis
Bai'
Ba-byr'sa
Bac-ciii'uin
Bac'tri-a
Bse'ton
Bala
Ba-byt'a-ce
Bac-a-ba'sus
Bac'cb.i-us (a man)
Bac-chi'us
Ba-cun'ti-us
Bad'a-ca
Bag-a-da'o-nes
Ba-gis'ta-na
Ba-la'crus
Bal-a-na'gr
Bac-cha'nal
Bac-chyl'i-des
Bad-i-cho'ra
Ba gis'ta-nes
Ba-la'nus
Bac-cha-nali-
Bac-celus
Ba'di-ua
Ba-go'as, Ba-go'sas
Ba-la'ri
Bac-chan'tes
Ba-ce'nis
Bad-u-hen'nsB
Bag-o-da're
Bal-bil'lua
BA
BE
BO
BB
Bal-bi'nus
Bat-ra-cho-my-o-
Be-tho'ron
Bo-li'na
Bruc'te-ri
Bal-ce'a
ma'chi-a
Bet'i-ra
Bol-i-nas'us
Bru-mali-a
Ba-le-a'rea
Bat'ra-chus
Be'tis
Bo-lis'sus
Brun-du'si-uiu
Ba-le'tus
Bat'ta-rus
Be-tu'ri-a
Bol-la'nus
Bru-lili-ua
Bal-is-be'ga
Bat-ti'a-dcs
Bi'a
Bolus
Bru'ti-i, or
Ba-lis'ta
Bat'u-lus
Bi-a'nor
Bo-mi-en'sea
Brut'ti-i
Bali-us
Ba'vi-us
Bi'as
Bo-mil'car
Bru'tu-lus
Bal-lon'o-ti
Bav'o-ta
Bi-bac'u-lus
Bom-o-ni'cae
Bru'tus
Bil-ven'ti-us
Baz-a-en'tea
Bib'a-ga
Bo-no'ni-a
Bry'as
Bal'y-ra
Ba-za'ri-a
Bib'li-a, Billi-a
Bo-no'si-us
Bry-ax is
Bam-by'ce
Be-a'trix
Bibli-ua
Bo-os'u-ra
Bry'ce
Ba-mu'ra3
Be'bi-us
Bi-brac'te
Bo-o'tes
Bry'gea
Bam-u-ru'se
Be-bri'a-cum
Bib'u-lus
Bo-o'tus, or
Bry'gi
Ba-ni-unjae
Beb'ry-ce
Bi'ces
Bo3-o'tus
Brys'e-a
Ban'ti-8B
Beb'ry-ces
Bi'con
Bo're-a
Bu-ba-ce'ne
Ban'ti-us
Be-bryc'i-i
Bi-cor'ni-ger
Bo-re'a-dea
Bu-ba'ces
Bapb/y-rus
Be-bryc'i-a
Bi-cor'nis
Bo're-as
Bu'ba-ris
Bar'a-do
Be-chi'res
Bi-e'pM
Bo-re-as'mi
Bu-bas-ti'a-eua
Ba-r8B'i
Be-chi'ri
Bi-for'mis
Bo-re'on
Bu-bas'tis
Bar'a-thrum
Bel'a-tes
Bi'frons
Bo're-us
Bulja-sus
Bar'ba-ri
Bel-e-mi'na
Bil'bi-lis
Bor-go'di
Bu'bon
Bar-ba'ri-a
Bel'e-nus
Bi-ma'ter
Bo-ri'nus
Bu-cepb'a-la
Bar-ba'tus
Bar-bos' the-n ea
Bel-e-ptan'tea
Bel'e-sis
Bin'gi-um
Bi'on
Bor-sip'pa
Bo'rus
Bu-cepb.''a-lus
Bu'cbe-ta
Bar-byth'a-ce
Bel'gi-ca
Bi-o-ne'us
Bo-rys'the-nea
Bu-col'i-ca
Bar-cse'i, or
Bel'gi-um
Bi-sal'taB
Bos'ph.o-ru3
Bu-coli-cum
Bar-ci'tas
Bel'gi-us
Bi-sal'tea
Bos-tre'nus
Bu-co'li-on
Bar'ci-no
Be'li-as
Bi-sal'tis
Bo-tro'dus
Bu'co-lus
Bar-ci'nus
Bel'i-des, pi.
Bi-san'the
Bot'ti-a
Bu-de'um
Bar-das'l
Be-li'des, sing.
Bis'to-nea
Bot-ti-se'is
Bu'di-i, or
Bar-da'nes
Be-lis'a-naa
Bis-to'ni-a
Bo-vi-a'uum
Bu-di'-ni
Bar-di'ne
Bel-i-sa'ri-us
Bi'thus
Bo-villge
Bu-do'ris
Bar-dyllis
Bel-is-ti'da
Bith'y-SB
Brac'a-ra
Bu-do'rum
Ba-re'a (a. city)
Bel'i-tsB
Bi-thyn'i-a
Brac-ca'ti
Bu'ge-nea
Ba're-a (a person)
Bel-lagl-nes
Bi-tby'ni
Brach-ma'nea,
Bu'lis
Ba'rea
Bel-ler'o-phon
Bit'i-as
-ma'ni
Bul-la'ti-us
Bar'go-se
Belle-rus
Bi'ton
Brse'si-a
Bul-li'o-nea
Bar-gu'si-i
Bel-li-e'nua
Bit-u-i'tns
Bran-chi'a-dea
Bu'ne-a
Ba-rine
Bel-lo'na
Bi-tun'tum
Bran'chi-dee
Bu-ni'ma
Bar'i-sas
Bel-lo-na'ri-i
Bi-tu'ri-cum
Bran-cliyrii-dea
Bu-no-me'a
Ba-ris'sea
Bel-lov'a-ci
Bi-tu'ri-ges
Bra'si-83
Bu'nus
Ba'ri-um
Bel-lo- o-va'cum
Biz'i-a
Bras'i-das
Bu'pa-lus
Bar'nu-us
Bel-lo-ve'sus
Bi-zo'ne
Bras-i-de'i-a
Bu'pha-gu8
Bar-si'ue,
Be'lon
Blee'na
Bras'i-las
Bu-pho'ni-a
Bar-se'ne
Bel'phe-gor
Blffl'si-i
Brau're
Bu-pra'si-um
Bar-za-en'tea
Be'lus
Blse'sus
Brau'ron
Bu'ra, or
Bar-za'nes
Bein-bi'na
Blan-de-no'na
Breu'ni or Bren'-
Bu'ris
Ba-se'ra
Be-na'cua
Blan-du'si-a
Bren'ni-cus
Bu-ra'i-cus
Bas-i-le'a, -li'a
Ben-di-di'us, adj.
Blas-to-phoe-ni ces
Bres'ci-a
Bur-dig'a-la
Bas-i-li'dse
Ben-e-ven'tum
Ble-ni'na
Bret'ti-i
Bur'si-a
Bas-i-li'dea
Ben-the-sic'y-me
Blit'i-us
Bri-a're-us
Bu'sse
Bas-i-li'i
Be-pol-i-ta'uus
Blu'ci-um
Bri'as
Bu-si'ris
Ba-sil-i-o-pot'a-mos
Ber'bi-caB
Bo-ad-i-ce'a
Bri-gan'tea
Bu'ta
Bas'i-lis
Ber-e-cyn'thi-a
Bo'se, Bo'e-a
Brig-an-ti'nua
Bu'te-o
Barsil'i-us (a per-
Ber-e-cyn'thus
Bo-a'gri-us
Bri-gan'ti-um
Bu'tes
son)
Ber-e-ni'ce
Bob-o-ne'a
Bri-les'sus
Bu'tho-e
Bas-i-li'us (a river)
Ber-e-ni'cia
Bo-ca'li-as
Bri'mo
Bu-thro'tum
Bas'i-lus
Ber'gi-ne
Bo-du-ag-na'tus
Bri'na
Bu-thro'tus
Bas-sa'ni-a
Ber'gi-on
Bo-du'ni
Bri-se'is
Bu-tliyr'e-us
Bas-sa're-us
Ber-gis'ta-ni
Bce-be'is
Bri'ses
Bu-to'a
Bas-sar'i-des
Ber'go-mum
Bo3'bi-a
Bri-se'us
Bu'to-nea
Bas'sa-ris
Be'ris, Ba'ris
Bo-e-dro'ini-a
Bri-tan'ni-a
Bu-tort-de*
Bas-tar'nse
Ber'mi-us
Boe-or-o-bis'tas
Bri-tan'ni
Bu'tos
Bas'ti-a
Ber'o-e
Boe-o-tar'cnae
Bri-tan'ni-cus
Bu-tun'tum
Ba'ta
Be-roa'a
Boa-o'ti
Brit-o-mar'tis
Bu'tus
Bat-a-no'chus
Ber-o-ni'ce
Boe-o'ti-a
Brit-o-ma'rus
Bu'zy-gea
Ba-ta'vi-a
Be-ro'sua
Bo-e'thi-us
Brit'o-nes, or
Byb-U-a
Ba-ta'vus, or
Ber-rhoa'a
Bo'e-tus
-to'nea
Bybli-i
Bat'a-vus
He-ryb'ra-cea
Bo'e-us
Brix-ellum
Byl-li'o-nea
Ba'thos
Be-ry'tus
Bo'gea
Brix'i-a
By-za'ci-um
Bath'v-clea
Bes'a-ra
Bo'gud
Brix'i-no
Byz-an-ti'a-cua
Ba-thyllua
Bes'a-ro
Bo'gus
Bri'zo
By-zan'ti-on
Ba-ti-a'tus
Be-sid'i-e
Bo'i-i
Broc-u-be'lus
By-zau'ti-um
Ba-ti-e'a
Be-sip'po
Bo-joc'a-lus
Bro'mi-us
By'zas
Ba-ti'ni
Bes'ii-a
Bola
Bro'mus
By-ze'nus
Ba'tis
Bes-yn-ge'ti
Bol-be'ne
Bron-ti'nus
By-ze'rea
Ba'to
Be-tar'mo-net
Bol-bi-ti'uum*
Bro'te-as
By'zea
Ba'ton
Bet'a-si
Bol'gi-ua
Bro'the-us
Byz'i-a
640 CA OA CA CA CA
0.
CA-ANTHUS
Cal'a-brua
Cal-lirlio-e
Ca-nin-e-fa'tes
Ca-res'sus
Cab'a-des
(M-a-gur-ri- ta'iii
Cal-lis'ta
Ca-nin'i-us
Car-fin'i-a
Cab'a-la
Cal-a-gu'ria
Cal-lis-ti'a
Ca-nis'ti-us
Ca'ri-a
Cab'a-le
Cal'a-is
Cal-lis'the-ne
Ca'iii-us
Ca'ri-as
Ca-ba'li-i
Cal'a-mis
Cal-lis'to
Ca-no'bus
Ca-ri'a-te
Cab-a-li'nus
Cal-a-mi's89
Cal-lis-to-ni'cus
Ca-nop'i-cum
Ca-ril'la
Ca-balis
Cal'a-mos
Cal-lis'tra-tus
Ca-no'pus
Ca-ri'na
Ca-bal'la-ca
Car'a-tnua
Cal-lii'e-na
Can'ta-bra
t'a-ri'nra
Cab-al-li'nu3
Ca-la'nus
Cal-lix'e-nus
Can'ta-bri
Car'i-ne
Ca-bal'li-o
Cal'a-on
Ca'lon
Can-ta'bri-a
Ca-ri'nua
Ca-bar'nos
Ca-laph'a-tes
Cal'o-pus
Can-tha-rol'e-thron
Ca-ri'on
Ca-bas'sus
Cal'a-ris
Calor
Can'tha-rus
Ca-ris'sa-num
Ca-be'les
Ca-la'rus
Cal'pe-tu3
Can-thela
Ca-ris'tum
Ca-be'sug
Cal'a-tes
Cal-pliur'ni-us
Can'ti-um
Car-ma'ni
Ca-bi'ra
Cal-a-tha'na
Cal-pur'ni-us
Can-u-le'i-us, -a
Oir-ma'ni-a
Ca-bi'ri
Ca-la'th.i-on
Cal-u-sid'i-ns
Ca-nu'li-a
Car-ma'nor
Ca-bir'i-a
Cal'a-thus
(,'al-u'si-um
Ca-nu'si-um
Car-me'lus
Ca-bu'ra
Ca-la'ti-a
Cal'vi-a
Ca-nu'si-us
( 'ar-men'ta, -tis
Cab'u-rus
Ca-la'ti-se
Cal-vi'na
Ca-nu'ti-us
Car-mea-ta'lis
Ca'ca
Cal-au-re'a, -ri'a
Cal-vi'nus
Ca-pa'ne-us
Car'mi-des
Cach'a-le
Ca-la'vi-us
Cal-vis'i-us
Ca-pella
Car'na
Ca'cus
Cal-ca'gus
Cul'ybe
Ca-pe'nas
Car-na'si-us
Ca-cu'thig
Cal-che-do'ni-a
Cal-y-cad'nus
Ca-pe'nus, -a
Car-ne'a-de
Ca-cyp'a-ris
Cal-chin'i-a
Cal'y-ce
Ca'per
Car-ne'i-a
Ca'di
Ca-le'num
Ca-lyd'i-um
Cap'e-tus
Car'ne-u3
Cad-me'a
Ca-led'o-nes
Ca-lyd'na
Ca-phar'e-us
Car'ni-on
Cad-me'is
Cal-e-do'ni-a
Cal'y-don
Ca-phe'ris
Car'no-nes
Ca'dra
Ca-len'tum
Cal-y-do'nis
Ca'phy-89
Car-nu'tea
Cad're-ma
Ca-le'nus
Cal-y-do'ni-us
Ca'pi-o
Car-nu'tum
Ca-du'ce-us
Ca-le'rus
Ca-lym'ne
Ca-pis'sa
Car-os-ce'pi
Ca-dur'ci
Ca-le'si-us
Ca-lyn'da
Cap-is-se'ne
Car-pa'si-a, -urn
Ca-dus'ci
Ca-le't
Cc-lyp'so
Cap'i-to
Car'pa-tes
Cad'y-tis
Cal'e-ti
Cam-o-lo-du'num
Cap-i-to-li'nus
Car'pa-thus
Caj'a
Ca'lex
Ca-man'ti-um
Cap-i-toli-um
Car-pe'i-a
Cse-ce'ti-us
Ca-H-ad'ne
Ca-mar'a-cum
Cap-uob'a-tse
Car-poph'o-rus, -ra
Cse'ci-as
Cal-i-ce'ni
Cam-a-ri'na
Cap-pa- do'ci-a
Car-ri-na'tea
ra3-cil-i-a'nu3
Ca-lid'i-us
Cam-a-ri'tse
Cap'pa-dox
Car-ru'ca
Cse-ciTi-us
Ca-lig'u-la
Cam-baules
Ca-pra'ri-a
Car-se'o-li
Csec'i-lus
Ca-lip'e-dea
Cam-bu'ni-i
Ca'pre-se
Car-tali-as
Cae-ci'na
Calls
Carn-by'ses
Cap-ri-cor'nus
Car'ta-re
Cs3c'u-bum
Cal-lses'chrus
Cam-e-la'ni
Cap-ri-fic-i-alis
Car-te'i-a
Csec'u-lus
Cal-la'i-ci
Cam-e-li'tse
Ca-pri'ma
Car'te-nus
C:B-dic'i-us
Cal-la'i-nus
Cam'e-ra
Ca-prip'e-des
('ar-thse'a
Cssli-us, -a
Cal-la-te'bus
Cam-e-ra'cum
Ca'pri-as
Car-th.a?-i-ni-e n'ses
Csem'a-ro
Cal-le'ni
Cam-e-ri'num,
Cap-ro-ti'na
Car-tha'go
Cse'ne, or
Cal-le-te'ri-a
Ca-mer'ti-um
Ca'prus
Car'tha-lo
Cse-nop'o-lis
CaHi-a
Cam-e-ri'nus
Cap'sa-ge
Car'tha-sis
Cae'ne-us
Cal-li'a-des
Ca-mer'tes
Cap'u-a
Car-the'a
Cre-ni'na
Cal-li-a-ni'ra
Ca-millus, -a
Ca'pys
Car-vil'i-us
Caj'nis
Cal-li'a-rus
Ca-mi'ro
Car-a-bac'tra
Ca'rus
Cse-not'ro-pre
Cal'lias
Ca-mi'rus,
Cai^a-bis
Ca'ry-a
Cse'pi-o
CaMib'i-ua
Ca-mi'ra
Car-a-calla
Ca-ry-a'tse
Cse-ra'tus
Cal-li-ce'rus
Cam-is-sa're
Ca-rac'a-tes
Ca-ry-a'tis, pL
Cse're, or
Cal-lich'o-rus
Ca-mce'nse
Ca-rac'ta-cus
-at'i-des
Cse'res
Cal'li-cles
Cam-pa'ni-a
Ca'rse
Ca-ry'o-nes
Czer'e-si
Cal-li-co-lo'na
Cam-pa'nus
Ca-rse'us
tCar-ys-te'us
Cser'i-tes
Cal-lic'ra-tes
Cam-pas'pe
Car'a-lis
Ca-rys'ti-us
Cees-a-re'a
Cal-li-crat'i-das
Cam'pe-sns
Car-a-malus
Ca-rys'tus
Cae-sa'ri-on
Cal-li-dam'a-tes
Cam-u-lo-gi'nus
Ca-rain'bri
Ca'ry-um
Cae-sa're-iig
Cal-lid'i-ns
C-'a'na
Ca-ran'to-nus
Ca-sa'le
Cse-sa-ro-du'nmn
Cal-lid'ro-mns
Can'a-ce
Car'a-nus
Cas-cel'li-ns
Cres-a-rom'a-gus
Cal-li-ge'tus
Can'a-che
Ca-rau'si-us
Cas-i-li'nuin
Cffl-se'na
Cal-lim'a-chus
Can'a-cb.u3
Car-bo'nea
Ca-si'na, or
Cae-sen'ni-us
Cal-lim'e-don
Ca'nsa
Car'bu-la
Ca-si'num
Cse'si-us, -a
Cal-lim'e-les
Ca-na'ri-a
Car-clie'don
Cas'i-na
Cse'so
Cal-li-ni'cu3
Ca-na'ri-i
Car-ci'nus (a man)
Ca'si-us
Cffi-so'ni-us, -a
Cal-li'nus
Can'a-thus
Car'ci-nus (a star)
Cas'me-nse
Caet'o-brix
Cal-li-o-do'rus
Can'da-ce, or -da'-
Car-da'ces
Cas-mil'la
Cset'u-lum
Cal-li'o-pas
Can-da'vi-a
Car-da-me'ne
Cas-pe'ri-a
Cee'yr
Ca-ga'co
Cal-li'o-pe
Cal-li-pa-ti'ra
Can-daules
Can-di'o-ni
Car-dam'y-le
Car-de'sus
Cas-per'u-la
Cas-pi-a'na
Ca-i-ci'nus
Cal'li-phon
Can-di'o-pe
Car'di-a
Cas'pi-i
Ca-i'cus
Calli-phron
Ca'nens
Car'du-sa
Cas-pi'ra
Ca-i-e'ta
Cal-liD'i-d8
Can-e-pho'ri-a
Car-du'chi
Cas'pi-um Ma 're
Ca'i-us, Ca'i-
Cal'lip'o-lis
Can'e-thiim
Car-dy'tua
Cas-san-da'ne
Ca-je'ta
Cal'li-pua or
Ca-nic-u-la're
Ca'rei
Cas-san'der
Cal'a-ber
Ca-lip'pus
Di'es
Cai/e-sa
Cas-san'dra
Ca-la'bri-*
Cal-i-py'gei
Ca-nid'i-us, -a
Ca-re'etui
Cas-san-dri'a
CA CE CE CH CH 54J
Cas'ni-a
Cecl-das
Ceph'a-lus
Ce-te'i
Char-ra os'y-na
Cas-si-o-do'rus
Ce-cil'i-us
Ce-pbe'is
Chur'juo-tas
Cas-si'o-pe, or
Cas-si-o-pe'a
Ce-ci'na
Ce-cin'na
Ce-phe'iiea
Ce'phe-us
Ce-the'gus
Ce'ti-i
Cha'ron
Cha-rou'das
Cas-sit'e-ra
Ce-cro'pi-a
Ce-phis'i-a
Ce'ti-ua
Char-o-ne'a
Cas-si-ter'i-dea
f'e-crop'i-dra
Ceph-i-si'a-dea
Ce'to
Cha-ro'ni-ura
Cas'si-us
Cec'ro-pis
Ce-phis-i-do'rus
Co'us
Cha'rops, or
Cas-si-ve-lau'nus
Cas-so'pe
Cas-so'tis
Ce'crops
Ce-cryph-a-le'a
Ce'don
Ce-phis'i-on
Ceph-i-sod'o-tus
Ce-phi'sus, or
Ce'yx
Cha-be'rus
Cha'bes
Char'o-pes
Cha-ryb'dis
Chat'ra-niis
Cas-tab'a-fci
Ce-dre'a
Ce-phis'sus
Cha-bi'nus
Chau'ci, or -bi
Cas'ta-bns
Ce-dre-a'tis
Ce'phren
Cha-bo'ras
Chau'la
Cas-ta'li-us, -a
Ce-dru'si-i
Ce'pi-o
Cha'bri-a
Chau'rus
Cas'ta-lis
Ceg'lu-sa
Ce'pi-on
Cha'bri-as
Chav'o-ae*
L'as-ta'ne-a
Ce'i
Cer'a-ca
Cha'bry-is
Cha-ze'ne
Cas-the'nes
Cel'a-don
Ce-rac'a-tea
Ch8B-an'i-t89
Che'a
Cas-ti-a-ni'ra
Cel'a-dus
Ce-ratn'bus
Chse're-a
Che'lae
Cas-to'lus
Ce-lte'nse.
Cer-a-mi'cus
Cha3're-as
Cheles
Cas'to-rea, pi.
Ce-le'ne
Ce-ra'mi-um
Chser-e-de'mus
Chel-i-do'ni-a
Cas-tra'ti-us
Ce-lae'uo
Cer'a-mus
ChiB-re'mon
Che-lid'o-nis
Cas'tri-cu3
Cele-se
Ce'ras
Chaer'e-phon
Che-lid-o-ni'sum
Cas'tu-lo
Ce-le'i-a. Cela
Cer'a-sus
Chse-res'tra-ta
Chel'o-ne
Cat-a-ba'nes
Cel-e-la'tes
Cer'a-ta
Chae-rin'tbus
Chel'o-nis
Cat-a-clo'tbea
Cat-a-du'pi
Ce-len'dras, -dris,
-de-ris
Ce-ra'ton
Ce-ra'tus, or -thus
Chaa-rip'pus
Chel-o-noph'a-gi
Chel-y-do'ri-a
Cat-a-men'te-lea
Ce-le'ne-us
Ce-rau'ni-a
Cha3r-o-ne'a
Che'ua
Cat/a-na
Ce-len'na
Ce-rau'ui-i
Cha-lae'on
Che'nsa
Ca-ta'on-ea
Ce'ler
Ce-rau'nus
Chal-cse'a
Che'ni-on
Cat-a-o'ni-a
Del'e-res
De-rau'si-u3
Chal-ce'don
Che'ni-us
Ca-taph'ry-gea
Z!el'e-trum
CerTja-lns
Chal-oe-do'ni-a
Che'o-pes
Cat-a-rac'tea
Cele-us
3er-be'ri-on
^hal-cet'o-rea
Che'ops, or -os'pea
Ca-tar'rhs-tus
Cel'o-nsB
Cer'be-rus
Z!hal-ci-de'ne
Che'phren
Safe- n e
Cel'ti-ber
Cer'ca-phus
^hal-ci-d-iu'sca
Cher-e-rnoc'ra-tes
Ca-thae'a
Cel-ti-be'rea
Cer-ca-so'rum
Chal-cid'e-us
Che-ris'o-phus
Cath'a-ri
Cel-ti-be'ri
^er-ce'is
Chal-cid'i-ca
Cher'o-phon
Ca-ti-e'nus, -a
Cel'ti-ca
2er-ce'ne
3hal-cid'i-cus
Cher'si-as
Sat-i-li'na
Cel'ti-ci
Cer-ces'tea
I!hal-cil-O3'cu3
Cher-sid'a-mas
Ca-til'j-us
3el-tiTlus
Cer'ce-taB
CheJ-ci'o-pe
Cher'si-pho
Ca-tilli
Ca-tillus, or
^el-to'ri-i '
Cer-ci-dea
Cer'cii
Chal-ci'tes
Chal-ci'tis
Cher's i-phron
Cher-so'ua
Cat'i-lns
Cel-tos'cy-thsa
Uer-ci'na, or
Uhal'co-don
Cher-so-ne'sus, or
Cat'i-na
Ce'ma
Cer-ciu'na
Chal-dae'a
Cher-ro-ne'sus
Ca'ti-us, -a
3em'me-nus
Cer-cin'i-um
Chal-d'i
Che-rus'ci
Cat-i'zi
3en'a-bum
Cer'ci-us
2ha.-les'tra
Chid-nae'i
Ca'to
3e-nae'um
Der-co'pea
jhal'e-tos
Chi-do'rus
Ca'tre-us
3en'chre-a3
Cer-cy-on, or
Chal-o-ni'tis
Chil-i-ar'chus
Cat-u-li-a'na
3en'chre-ia
-cy'o-nea
Chal'y-bes
Chil'i-us. or -e-us
Ca-tul'lus
Jcn'chri-us
3er-cyph'a-la3
Chal'y-bon
Chi'lo
Ca-b'u-lus
Ca-tu'ri-gea
^e-nes'po-lis
>e-ne'ti-um
Her-cy'ra
3er-do'ii3
Chal-y-bo-ni'ti3
^ha'lybs
Chi-lo'nis
Chi-maa'ra
Cau'ca-sus
^e'ne-as
Der-dyl'i-um
Cha-ma'ni, or -vi
O'him'a-rus
Ca-u'ci
2en-i-mag'ni
I!e-re-a'li-a
Cha'ne
[Jhi-me'i i-um
Cau'con
>e-ni'na
^e'rea
Jha'on
Chi-om'a-ra
Cau-co'nea
]7e-ni'neB
^e-res'sus
Cha'o-nea
Chi'on
Cau'di, Cau'di-nm
^er'e-tre
]ha-o'ni-a
Chi'o-ne
Cau-di'nus
>e'non
jQ-re'tes
Cha-o-ni'tis
Chi-on'i-de
Cau-lo'ni-a
^en-so'rea
Ce-ri-a'lis
Cha'os
I!hi'o-ni8
Cau'ni-i
yen-so-ri'nus
Ce'ri-i
)har-ac-mo'ba
Chi'os
Cau'ni-us
?en-ta-re'tus
Ce-ril'li
Char-a-co'ma
Chi'ron
Cau'nus
3en-tau'ri-cus
He-ril'lum
Char'a-dra
Chi-to'ne
Cau'ros
^en-tau'rus
De-rin'thus
Uhar'a-dros
Chit'ri-um
Cau'rua
yen-tim'a-nna
3ha-rse'a-das
Chlo'e
Ca'us
^en-tob'ri-ca
^er-ma'nus
I!har-an-d8B'i
Chlo're-ua
Cav'a-rea
>eu'to-res
^e'ron
Cha'rax
Chlo'ris
Cav-a-rillus
3en-tor'i-pa, or
;er-o-pas'se-das
Dha-rax'es, or -us
Chlo'rus
Cav-a-ri'nua
Cen-tu'ri-pix
^e-ros'sus
Cha'res
Cho-a-ri'na
Ca'vi-i
}en-tri'tea
?er'phe-ro?i
Dhar'i-cles
Cho-as'pe
Ca-y'ci
3er-re-ta'ui
Char-i-cli'dea
Cho'a-tra3
Ca-y'cus
!]en-tro'ni-us
^er-rbse'i
Char'i-clo
Cho'bus
Ca-ys'ter, or
3en-tum'vi-ri
Jer-feo-blep'tcs
Char-i-de'rnus
Cho3r'a-de
Ca-ys'trus
Cen-tu'ri-a
,'er'ti-ma
Cbar'i-la
Cho3're-89
Caz'e-ca
Ce'03
Uer-to'ni-um
3har-i-la'us,
Chcer'i-lua
Ce'a
2eph'a-las
^er-va'ri-us
Cha-ril'lus
Chol-on-ti'chus
Ce'a-dea
?eph-a-le'di-on
Cba-ri'ni
Chon'ui-das
Ce'ba
Ce-phal'leu,
^e-ry'ces
Jha'ris
Cho-nu'phis
Ceb-al-li'nu3
Ceph-a-le'na,
>e-ryc'i-u3
Cha-ris'i-a
Cho-ra'gus
Ceb-a-ren'ea
-ni-a
Chari-teB
2ho-ras'mi
CeT>ea
}eph-al-le'iii
'er-y-ne'a
Chai^i-ton
Dho-rin'e-ua
Co'bren
]eph'a-lo
3er-y-ni'tea
Hhar'raa-das
Cho-ro3lus
Ce-bre'ni a
Ceph-a-loa'dls
Ce-sel'li-us
Cbar'mi-das
Chor-om-nse'i
Ce-bre'nis
Ceph-a-lu'di-um
Ce-sen'ni-a
Dbar'tni-dea
Chor'o-ne
Ce-bri'o-nes
Ceph'a-lon
Ces'ti-xis
Hhar-mi'nus
Chos'ro-es
Ceb'rua
Ceph-a-lot'o-mi
2es-tri'nus, -na
Char-mi'o-ne
Chre'mea
542 CH CL CO CO CO
Clirem'e-tes
Cinx'i-a
Cle-o-pa'tra,
Coc'a-lus
Co'mus
Chres'i-phon
Chres-pbon'tea
Ci'nyps,
Cin'y-phus
Cle-op'a-tra
Cle-op'a-tria
Coc-ce'i-us
Coc-cyg'i-us
Con'ca-ni
Con-cor'di-a
Chro'mi-a
Cin'y-ras
Cle-oph'a-res
Co'cles
Con'da-lus
Chro'mi-03
Chro'mis
Ci'os
Ci-pe'rus
Cle-o-plian'thus
Cle'o-phes
Coc'li-tes
Coc'ti-03, Cot'ti-88
Con-da'te
Con-di-vic'num
Chro'mi-us
Cir-cae'um
Cle-oph'o-lus
Co-cy'tus
Con-do-clia'tea
Chro'ni-us
Cir-cen'ses Lu'di
Cle'o -phon
Co-da'nus
Con-dru'si
Chro'nos
Cr'ci-us
Cle-o-phy'lus
Co-dom'a-nus
Con-dyl'i-a
Chry'a-sus
Ci'ris
C:le-o-pom'pus
Cod'ri-d
Con-dylus
Chry'sa, -se
Cir-rse'a-tum
Cle-op-tol'e-mus
Co-drop'o-lis
Co'ne
Chrys'a-me
Chry-san'tas
Cir'rha, Cyr'rha
Cir'tha, Cir'ta'
Cle'o-pus
Cle-o'ra
Co'drus
Coe-cil'i-us
Con-e-to-du'nus
Con-fu'ci-us
Chry-san'tlii-us
Cliry-san'tis
Cis-al-pi'na Gal'li-a
Cis'se-is
Cle-os'tra-tus
Cle-ox'e-nus
Coe'la
Coe-lal'e-tse
Con-ge'dus
Co-ni'a-ci
Chrys-a-o're-us
Cis-se'us
Clep'sy-dra
Coe'le
Co'ni-i
Ohry-sa'o-ris
Cis'si-a
Cle f ri
Coel-e-syr'i-a
Co-nim'bri-ca
Chry'sas
Cis'si-se
Cles'i-dea
Coel-o-syr'i-a
Con-i-sal'tus
Chry-sas'pi-des
Cis'si-des
Cle'ta
Coe'li-a
Co-nis'ci
Chry-se'is
Cis-so-es'sa
Clet-a-be'ni
Coe-li-ob'ri-ga
Con-ni'das
Chry-ser'mus
Cis-su'sa
Clib'a-nus
Coe'li-us
Co'non
Chrys'e-rus
Cis-the'ne
Cli-de'nius
Coe'lus
Co-no'pe
Chry'ses
Cis-to-bo'ci
Cli'max
Coe'nus
Con-sen'tea
Cliry-sip'pe
Ci-thae'ron
Clira'e-nus
Ccer'a-nus
Con-sen'ti-a
Chry-sip'pus
Cith-a-ris'ta
Cli'nas
Co'es
Con-sid'i-us
Chry'sis
Ci-the'las
Clinl-as
Coes'y-ra
Con-si-li'num
Chrys-o-as'pi-des
Chry-soc'e-ros
Cith'e-ron
Cit'i-um
Cli-nip'pi-des
Cli'nua
Cce'us
Cog'a-mus
Con-stan 'ti -a
Con-stan-ti'a
Chrys'o-chir
Chry-sog'o-nua
Ci'us
Ci-vi'lis
Cli'o
Cli-sith'e-ra
Cog-i-du'nus
Co'hi-bus
(a city)
Con-stan-ti'na
Chrys-o-la'us
Chrys-o-lo'ras
Ciz'y-cum
Cla'de-us
Clis'tb.e-ne3
CH't83
Col-a-ce'a
Co-lse'nus
Con-stan-ti-nop'o-
lis
Chyr-son'di-um
Cla'nea
Cli-tar'clius
Co-lan'co-ruin
Con-stan-ti'nus
Chry-sop'o-lis
Cla'nis
Cli'te
C'o-lax'a-is
Con-stan'ti-us
Chry-sor'rb.o-83, or
Cla'ni-us
Cli-ter'ni-a
Co-lax'es
Con-syg'na
-as
Cla-ra'nus
Clit-o-de'mus
Co-leu'da
Con-ta-des'dus
Chry-sos'to-mus
Chry-soth'e-mis
Cla'rus, or -ros
Clas-tid'i-um
Cli-tom'a-chus
Cli-ton'y-mus
Co'li-as
Col-la'ti-a
Con-to-po-ri'a
Con-tu'bi-a
Chryx'us
Clau'di-a
dit'o-phon
Col-la-ti'nu3
Co'nus
Chtho'ni-us, -a
Clau-di-a'nus
Cli'tor
Col-li'iia
Con-col'o-rus
Chthon-o-pliyle
Cla\i-di-op'o-li3
Cli-to'ri-a
Col-lu'ci-a
Co'on
Ci-a-gi'si
Clau'di-iis
Cli-tum'nus
Colo
Co'os
Cib'a-lse
Clau'sus
Cli'tus
Co-lo'nsa
Co'pse
Cib-a-ri'tis
Cla-vi-e'nus
Clo-a'ca
Co-lo'ne
Cop'a-is
Ci-bo'tus
Clav'i-ger
Clo-a-ci'na
Co-lo'ni-a
Co'phas
Cib'y-ra
Cla-zom'e-nse, or
Clo-an'thus
Co-lo'nos
Co-phou'ti3
Cic'e-ro
-na
Clo'di-us, -a
Col'o-phon
Co'pi-a
Cich'y-ris
Cle'a-das
Clcs'li-us, -a
Co-los'se, -sis
Co-pil'lus
Cic'o-nea
Cle-eer'e-ta
Clo'nas
Co-los'sus
Co-po'ni-ua
Ci-cu'ta
Cle-an'der
Clon'di-cus
Co-lo'tes
Cop'ra-tes
Cic-y-ne'thus
Cle-an'dri-das
Clo'ni-us. -a
Col-the'ne
Co'pre-us
Cil'i-ces
Cle-an'thes
Clo'tho
Col-u-bra'ri-a
Co'ra
Ci-lic'i-a. Ci-lis'sa
Cle-ar'chus
Clu-a-ci'na
Co-lum'ba
Cor-a-ce'si-ura, or
Ci'lix
Cle-ar'i-des
Clu-en'ti-us
Col-u-mel'la
Cor-a-cen'si-uai
Cil'ni-us
Cle'mens
Clu'pe-a, Clyp'e-a
Col-um'nse
Cor-a-co-na'sus
Clio
Cle'o
Cu-si'ni Fon'tes
Co-lu'tbus
Cor-a-co-ne'sua
Cirn-be'ri-us
Cle'o-bis
Clu-si'o-lum
Co-lyt'tus
Co-ral'e-tse
Cim'bri-cum
Cle-o-bu'la
Clu'si-um
Com-a-ge'na
Co-ra'li, or -ral'li
Cim'bri-cus
Cle-ob-u-li'na
Clu'si-us
Com-a-ge'ui
Co-ra'nus
Cim'i-nus
Cle-o-bu'lus
Clu'vi-us, -a
Co-ma'na
Co'ras
Cim-me'ri-i
Cle-o-cha'res
Clym'e-ne
Co-ma'ni-a
Co'rax
Cim'me-ris
Cla-o-cha'ri-a
Clyin-e-ne'i-de
Co-ma're-a
Co-rax'i
Cim-nie'ri-uiD
Cle-o-da3'us
Clym'e-nus
Com'a-ri
Cor'be-us
Ci-mo'lis
Cle-od'a-mus
Cly-son'y-mus
Coin'a-rus
Cor'bu-lo
Ci-tno'lus
Cle-o-de'mua
Cly-son-y-inu'sa
Co-mas'tus
Cor'co-ba
Ci'inon
Cle-o-do'ra
Clyt-em-nes'tra
Co-ma'ta
Cor'co-ra3
Ci-nae'thon
Cle-o-dox'a
Clyt i-a, or -e
Coin-ba'bus
Cor-cy'ra
Cin'a-ra
Cle-og'e-nes
Clyt'i-us
Com-bre'a
Cor'du-ba
Ci-nar'a-das
Cle-o-la'us
Cly'tus
ComTju-tis
Cor-du-e'uo
Ciu'ci-a
Cle-om'a-chus
Cna-ca'di-um
Co-me'daa
Cor-dy'la
Cin-cin-na'tus
Cle-o-man'tes
Cnac'a-lis
Co-me'tes
Co're
Cin'ci-us
Cle-oni'bro-tus
Cnac'a-lus
Com'e-tbo
Co-res'sus
Cin'e-as
Cle-o-me'des
Cna'gi-a
Co-min'i-us
Cor'e-sus
Ci-ne'si-as
Cle-om'e-nea
Cne'mus
Co-mit'i-a
Co-re'sua
Cin'e-thon
Cle'on
Cne'us, or Cnsa'us
Co'mi-us
Cor'e-tas
Cin-get'o-rix
(Jle-o'nea, -na
Cni-din'i-um.
Com-ma-ge'nus
Cor-fin'i-um
Cin'gu-la-ni
Cle-o'ne
Cni'dus
Com'mo-dus
Co'ri-a
Cin'gu-lum
( le-o-ni'ca
Cno'pus
Co'mon
Co-ri'a
Cin-i-a'ta
Cle-o-ui'cus
Cnos'si-a
Com-pi-tali-a
Co-riu'e-um
Ci-nith'i-i
Cle-on'nis
Cnos'sus
Com-plu'tum
Co-rin'na
Cin'na-don
Cle-on'y-imia
Co-a-ma'ni Comp'sa-tus
<;o-rin'nus
Cin'na-mus
Cle'o-pas
Co-as'traa, -ac'trao Com-pu'sa
Co-rin'thus
(jin-ni'a-na
Cle-op'a-ter
Cob'a-res j Co'mum
Co-ri-o-la'nua
CO DA DA DA DA 543
Cor-i'o-li, or -ol'la Cra'gus
Cri'no
Cu-re'tis
Cy-na'pes
Co-ris'sus
Cram-bu'sa
Cri-o'a
Cu'ri-a
Cyn'a-ra
Co-ri'tha
Cram'bu-tis
Cri'son
Cu-ri-a'ti-i
Cy-nax'a
Cor'i-tus
Cran'a-e
Cris-pi'nus, -na
Cu'ri-o
Cyn'e-as
Cor'ma-sa
Cran'a-i
Crit'a-la
Cu-ri-o-sol'i-ts3
Cy-neg'e-t09
Cor-ne'li-us, -a
Cran'a-pes
Cri-the'is
Cu'ri-um
Cyn-e-gi'rus
Cor-nic'u-lum
Cran'a-us
Cri-tho'te
Cu'ri-us
Cy-ne'si-i
Cor-ni-fic'i-us
Cra'ne
Crit'i-as
Cur-til'lus
Cyn-e-te'a
Cor'ni-ger
Cor-nu'tus
Cra-ne'a
Cra-ne'um
Cri'to
Crit-o-bu'lus
Cur'ti-us, -a
Cus-sse'i
Cyn-e-thus'sa
Cyn'i-a
Co-rce'bus
Cra'ni-i
Crit-o-de'mus
Cu'sus
Cyn'i-cus
Co-ro'na
Cra'non
Crit-og-na'tus
Cu-til'i-um
Cy-nis'ca
Cor-o-ne'a
Crap'a-tlius
Crit-o-la'us
Cy-am-o-so'rus
Cy'no
Co-ro'ni-a
Cor-o-ni'des
Cras'si-pes
Cras-sit'i-us
Cri'us
Cro-bi'a-lus
Cy'a-ne
Cy-a'ne-a9
Cyn-o-ceph'a-le
Cyn-o-ceph'a-li
Co-ro'nis
Cras'ti-nus
Crob'y-zi
Cy-a'ne-e, or -a
Cyn-o-phon'tis
Co-ron'ta
Crat'a-is
Croc'a-le
Cy-a'ne-us
Cy-nop'o-lis
Co-ro'nus
Cra-tae'us
Cro'ce-83
Cy-a-nip'pe
Cy-nor'tas
Co-ro'pe
Cra'ter
Croc-o-di'lon
Cy-a-nip'pus
Cy-nor'ti-on
Co-rha'gi-um
Crat'e-rus
Croc-o-di-lop'o-lis
Cyb'a-le
Cy'nos
Cor-se'a
Cra'tes
Cro'cus
Cy-be'be
Cyn-o-sar'ges
Cor'si-a
Crat-es-i-cle'a
Croc-y-le'a
Cy-be'la
Cyn-os-se'ma
Cor'si-ca
Crat-e-sip'o-lis
Croe'sus
Cyb'e-le
Cyn-o-su'ra
Cor'so-te
Crat-e-sip'pi-das
Cro-i'tea
Cyb'e-lus
Cyn'thi-us
Cor-su'ra
Cra'te-ns
Cro'mi
Cyb'i-ra
Cyn-u-ren'sea
Cor-to'na
Cra-te'vas
Cro-mi'tis
Cy-bis'tri-a
Cy'nus
Cor-ty'na
Cra'this
Cro'mua
Cy-ce'si-um
Cyp-a-ris'sa
Cor-un.ca'uua
Cra-ti'nus
Cro'ni-a
Cych're-us
Cyp-a-ris'si-a
Co'rus
Cra-tip'pus
Cron'i-des
Cyc'la-des
Cyp-a-ris'su3
Cor-vi'nus
Crat'y-lus
Cro'ni-um
Cy-clob'o-rus
Cyph'a-ra
Cor-y-ban'tes
Cor'y-bas
Crau'si-ee
Crau'sis
Cro'phi
Cros-so3'a
Cyc-lo-p83-di'a
Cy-clo'pea
Cyp-ri-a'nua
Cy'prus
Cor-y-bas'sa
Cra-ux'i-das
Crot'a-le
Cyc-lo-pe'us
Cyp-se'la
Cor'y-bus
Crim'e-ra
Crot'a-lus
Cy'da
Cyp-sel'i-dea
Co-ryc'i-a
Crim'i-des
Cro'ton
Cy'das
Cyp'se-lus
Co-ryc'i-des
Cro'my-on
Cro-to'na
Cyd'i-as
Cy-rau'nis
Co-ryc'i-us
Crim'my-on
Cro-to-ni-a'tse
Cyd'i-mos
Cy're
Co-ry'cus, or -cos
Cre-mo'na
Cro-to'pi-aa
Cy-dip'pe
Cyr-e-na'i-ca
Cor'y-don
Cre-mu'ti-us
Cro-to'pus
Cy'don
Cyr-e-na'i-ci
Cor'y-la, or -le'um
Cre-na'cus
Cro'tus
Cyd-o-ne'a
Cy-re'ne
Co-rym'bi-fer
Cre'on
Cru'nos
Cy-do'nes
Cy-res'cha-ta
Cor'y-na
Cre-on-ti'a-de
Cru'sis
Cyd-o-ne'us
Cy-ri'a-dea
Cor-y-ne'ta, or -tes
Cor-y-pha'si-um
Cre-opb-'i-lus
Cre-o-phy'lus
Crus-tu'me-ri
Crus-tu-me'ri-a,
Cy-do'ni-a
Cy-do'ni-us
Cy-ril'lus
Cy-ri'nus
Cor'y-phe
Co-ry'tha
Cre-o-po'lus
Cre-pe'ri-us
or -uin
Crus-tu-mi'num
Cyd'ra-ra
Cy-dre'lus
Cy-ro-pse-di'a
Cyr-rse'i
Cor-y-then'ses
Cor'y-thus
Creph-a-ge-ne'tus
Cre r sa
Crus-tu'mi-um
Cry'nis
Cyd-ro-la'us
Cyl'a-bus
Cyr'rb.a-do3
Cyr-rhes'ti-ca
Co-iytus
Cre'si-us
Cryp-te'a
Cyl-bi-a'ui
Cyr-ri-a'na
Co'sa, Co'sae
Cres-phon'tes
Ctea-tus
Cyl'i-ces
Cy-rop'olis
Cos-co'ni-u3
Cres'si-us
Cteni'e-ne
Cy-lin'dus
Cyr'si-lus
Co-sin'gaa
Co'sis
Cres-to'ne
Cre'sus
Cte'nos
Cte'si-as
Cyl-lab'a-ris
Cyl'la-rus
Cyr-to'na
Cy'rus
Oos'se-a
Cre'ta
Cte-sib'i-us
Cyl-le'ne
Cy'ta
Cos-su'ti-i
Cre't83-u3
Ctes'i-cles
Cyl-le-ne'i-us
Cy-tae'i3
Cos-to-bo'ci
Cre'te
Cte-sil'o-chus
Cyl-lyr'i-i
Cy-the'ra
Cos-to-bo3'i
Cre'te-a
Ctes'i-phon
Cy'lon
Cyth.-e-rae'a, or
Co-sy'ra
Cre'tes
Cte-sip'pus
Cyl-o-ni'um
-re'a
Co'tes
Cre'te-us
Ctim'e-ne
Cy'ma, or -maa
Cy-the'ris
Co'thon
Cre'the-is
Cu'cu-fas
Cy-me'lus
Cy-the're-us
Co-tho'ne-a
Cre'the-us
Cu'la-ro
Cym'i-nus
Cy-the'ron
Cot-i-nu'sa
Cre-thi'des
Cu'rna, or -maa
Cy-mod'o-ce
Cy-the'run
Cot'i-so
Cre'thon
Cu-nax'a
Cy-mod-o-ce'a
Cytb.'e-rus
Cot'ti-89
Creth/o-na
Cu-ni'na
Cy'me, or Cy'mo
Cy-tJa'e-um
Cot-to'nis
Cret'i-cus
Cu-pa'vo
Cy-mo'lus
Cyt-is-so'rus
Co-ty-se'um
Cre-u'sa
Cu-pen'tus
Cym-o-po-li'a
Cy-to'ri-us
Co-ty-a-i'on
Cre-u'sis
Cu-pi'do
Cy-moth'o-e
Cy-to'rus
Cot-y-lse'us
Co-tyl'i-us
Cri'a-sus
Cri-nip'pus
Cu-pi-en'ni-U3
Cu'res
Cyn-ae-gi'ms
Cy-nae'tM-um
Cyz-i-ce'ni
Cyz'i-cum
Co'tys
Cri'nis
Cu-re'tes
Cy-na'ne
Cyz'i-cus
Co-ty'to, or -tyt'to
Cri-ni'sus,or -mi'sus
D.
DA'.ZE, or -has
Dsed-a-le'a
Da-iia'a-chus
Dal'mi-um
Da-mas'cus
Da'ci, or -C8B
Dse-da'li-on
Da-im'e-nes
Dam-a-cre'tus
Da-ma'si-a
Da'ci-a
Daed'a-lus
Da'i-phron
Dam'a-lis
Dam-a-sic'thon
Da'ci-us
Doe'mon
Da-i'ra
Da-mar'e-tus
Dam-a-sip'pua
Dac'ty-li
Daem'o-num
Dal'di-a
Da'mas
Dam-a-sis'tra-tus
Dad'i-cse
Da'i
Dal'ma-tae
Dam-as-ce'na, or
Dam-a-si'tou
Da-du'chus
Da'i-cles
Dal-ma'ti-a
-ne
Da-mas'tes
DtBd'a-la
Da'i-des
Dal-ma'ti-us
Da-mas'ci-us
Dam'a-sus
644
DE
DI
DO
Dli
Da'ine-as
De-cu-ma'tes
Der-cyllus
Di-o-do'rus
Do-lo'pbi-on
Da'mi-a
De-cu'ri-o
Der'cy-los
Di-o'e-tas
Do-lo'pi-a
Da-mip'pus
Ded-i-tam'e-nof
Der'cy-nua
Di-og'e-nes, -ni'a
Dol-o-pi'on
Da'mis
De-ic'o-on
Der-sse'i
Di-og'e-nus
Do'lops
Dam-no'ni-i
De-id-a-mi'a
Der-tbo'na
Di-og-ne'tus
Dom-i-du'cus, -ca
Dam'no-rix
De-il'o-cbus
De-ru-si-ae'i
Di-o-me'a
Do-min'i-ca
Da'mo
De-im'a-cbus
Des'po-ta
Di-o-m-de'a
Do-mit-i-a'nus
Dam'o-cles
De-i'o-ces
De-su'da-ba
Di-o-me'des, -da
Do-mi-til'la
Da-moc'ra-tea
De-i'o-chus
Deu-ca'li-on
Di-o-me'don
Do-mit'i-us, -a
Da-moc'ri-tus, -ta
De-i'o-ne
Deu-ce'ti-us
Di-o'mus
Dom-not'i-num
Da-mom'e-les
De-i-o'ne-us
Deu'do-rix
Di'on
Dom-not'o-nus
Da'mon
De-i-on'i-dea
Deu-ri'o-pus
Di-o-nss'a
Do-na'tus
Dam-o-ni'cus
Dam-o-pban'tus
Da-mopb'i-lus, -la
De-i-o-pe'i-a
De-ipb'i-la
De-ipb'o-bus, -be
Dev'o-na
Dex-am'e-nus, -ne
Dex-ip'pns
Di-o'ne
Di-on-y-se'us
Di-o-nys'i-a
Don-i-la'us
Do-nu'ca
Do-ny'sa
Dam'o-phon
De'i-pbon
Dex-itb'e-a
Di-o-ny-si'a-des
Do-rac'te
Da-mos'tra-tus
De-i-pbon'tea
Dex'i-us
Di-o-nys'i-as
Dor-ce'a
Da-mox'e-nus
De-ip'y-lus, -le
Di'a
Di-o-nys'i-des
Do'res
Da-myr'i-as
Da'na
De-ip'y-rus
Dej-a-ni'ra
Di-ac-o-pe'na
Di-a-cre'a
Di-o-nys-i-o- do'rus
Di-o-nys'i-on
Do'ri
Dor'i-cus, -a
Dan'a-e
Dej'o-ceg
Di'a-cris
Di-o-ny-sip'o-lis
Dor'i-das
Dan'a-i
De-jot'a-ras
Di-ac-tor'i-des
Di-o-nys'i-us
Do-ri-en'ses
Da-na'i-de
De-li'a-des
Di-a-du'me-nus
Di-o-ny'sus
Do-ri-e'us
Dan'a-la
De'li-um
Di-a-du-ine-ni-a'nus
Di-opb'a-nea
Dor i-las
Dan'a-us
De'li-us, -a
Di-se'us
Di-o-phan'tus
Dor-i-la'us
Dan'da-ri, or
Dan-dar'i-dae
Da-nu'bi-us
Del-ma'ti-us
Del-miu'i-um
De'los
Di'a-gon, or -gum
Di-a-gon'das
Di-ag'o-ras
Di-o-pae'nus
Di-o-pi'tes, or -tbes
Di-op'o-lis
Do'ri-on
Do'ris
Do-ris'cus
Da'o-cbus
Del'pbi
Di-a'lis
Di-o'res
Do'ri-um
Da'o-nea
Del phi-cus
Di-al'lus
Di-o-ryc'tus
Do'ri-us
Dapb-nse'us
Daph-ne-pho'ri-a
Dar'a-ba
Del-phiu'i-a
Del-pbin'i-um
Del'pbus
Di-a-mas-ti-go'sis
Di-a'na
Di-an'a-sa
Di-o-scor'i-dea
Di-os'co-rus
Di-os-cu'ri
Do-ros'to-lum
Do-ros'to-rum
Dor-sen'nua
Dar'a-bes
Del-phy'ne
Di-a'ni-um
Di-os'pa-ge
Do'rus
Dar-an-ta'si-a
Del-to'ton
Di-apb'a-ne
Di-os'po-lis
Do-ry'a-sus
Da'raps
Dem'a-des
Di-o-ti'mus, -me
Dor-y-lse'uui, or
Dar'da-ni
De-msen'e-tus
Dib'i-o
Di-ot're-pbes
-us
Dar-da'ni-a
De-mag'o-ras
Di-cse'a
Di-ox-ip'pus, -pe
Dor y-las
Dar-dan'i-des
Dem-a-ra'tus, -te
Di-cee-ar-cbe'us
Di-pse'se
Dor-y-la'us
Dar'da-nis
De-mar'chus
Di-cae-ar-cbi'a
Diph'i-lus, -las
Do-ryph'o-ri
Dar'da-nus
Dem-a-re'ta
Di-cse'us
Di-pbor'i-das
Do-rys'sus
Da-re'i-um
Dem-a-ris'te
Di'ce
Dipb'ry-ges
Do-si'a-das. -de
Da'res
De-ma'tri-a
Dic-e-ar'cbus
Di-pce'nse
Do-sith'e-us
Da-re'tis
De'me-a
Di-ce'ne-us
Dip'o-lis
Do-se'nus
Da-ri'a
De-me'ter
Dic'o-mas
Dip'y-lum
Do'son
Da-ri'a-ves
De-me'tri-a
Die-tarn 'num
Di'rffi
Dot'a-das
Da-ri'tse
De-me'tri-as
Dic-ta'tor
Dir-cen'na
Do'to
Da-ri'us, or -re'us
De-me'tri-us
Dic-tid-i-en'ses
Dir-pby'i-a
Do'tus
Das-cy-le'um
De'mo
Dic-tyn'na
Dis-cor'di-a
Dox-an'der
Das-cy-li'tis
Dem-o-a-nas'sa
Did'i-us
Dis'co-rum
Dra-ca'nua
Das'cy-lus
Dem-o-ce'des
Di'do
Dis'o-rse
Drac'a-nus
Da'se-a
De-mocb'a-re
Did'y-ma, -me
Dith-y-ram'bus
Dra'co
Da'si-us
Dem'o-clea
Did-y-maa'us
Dit-i-o'ne
Dra-con'ti-des
Das-sar'e-tae, or
De-moc'o-on
Did-y-ma'on
Dit'ta-ni
Drac'o-num
Das-sa-ri't8B
De-moc'ra-tes
Did'y-mum
Di'um
Dra'cus
Das-sa-re'ni, or
De-moc'ri-tus
Did'y-mus
DiT-i-ti'a-cus
Dra-bo'nus
Das-sa-rit'i-i
De-mod'i-ce
Di-en'e-ces
Di-vo-du'rum
Dran-gi'na
Das-ti'ra
De-mod'o-cus
Di-es'pi-ter
Div'o-na
Dra'pea
Dat'a-mea
Dem-o-do'rus
Di-ge'na
Di'vus
Drep'a-na, or -iu;m
Dat-a-pber'nes
Da'tis
De-mo'le-on
De-mo'le-us
Di-gen'ti-a
Di-ge'ri
Di-yl'lus
Di-ze'rus
Drim'a-cbus
Dri-od'o-nes
Da'tos, or -ton
De'mon
Di-i-po-li'a
Do-be'rea
Dri-op'i-des
Dau'lis
Dem-o-nas'sa
Di'i
Do-be' rus
Dri'os
Dau'ni
De-mo'nax
Di-mas'sus
Doc'i-lis
Dro'i
Dau'ui-a
Dem-o-ni'ca
Di-nar'cbus
Doc-i-me'um
Dro-macb'e-tus
Dau'nus
Dem-o-pban'tus
Din-dy-me'ne
Doc'i-mus
Dro-mse'us
Dau'ri-fer, or -sea
De-moph'i-lus
Din'dy-mus, -ma
Do'cle-a
Drop'i-ci
Dav'a-ra
Dem'o-pbon
Din'i-a
Do-do'na
Dro'pi-oii
Deb'o-rus
De-moph'o-on
Din'i-as
Dod-o-nse'us
Dru-en'ti-us, cr -a
Dec-a-du'chi
De-mop'o-lis
Din'i-cbe
Do-do'ne
Dru'i-das
De-cap'o-lis
De'mos
Di-nocb'a-res
Do-don'i-dea
Dru-sil'la
De-ceb'a-lus
De-mos'tbe-nea
Di-noc'ra-tea
Do'i-i
Dru'so
Dec-e-le'a
De-moa'tra-tus
Di-nod'o-chus
Dol-a-bel'la
Dru'sus
Dec-e-li'cum
De-mu'cbus
Din-o-ge-ti'a
Dol-i-cba'on
Dry'a-des
Dec'e-lus
Dem'y-lus
Di-iiol'o-cbua
Dol'i-cbos, -cbe
Dry-an-ti'a-des
De-cem'vi-ri
Den-se-le'tse
Di-nom'e-nes
Do-li'on
Dry-an-ti'des
De-ce'ti-a
De-od'a-tus
Di-non
Do-li'o-nea
Dry-mse'a
De-ci-a'tum
De-o'is
Di-nos'tbe-nes
Do-li'o-nis
Dry'mo
De-cid'i-us
Der-bi'ces
Di-nos'tra-tus
Do'li-us
Dry-mo'dea
Dec'i-mus
Der-ce'bi-i
Di-o-cses-a-re'a
Dol-o-me'na, -ne
Dry'mus
De-cin'e-us
Der-cen'nus
Di-o-cle'a
Do'lon
Dry-naem'c-tum
De'ci-us
Der'ce-to, or -tis
Di'o-clea
Do-lon'ci
Dry'o-pe
Dec'u-ma
Der-cyl'li-das
Di-o-cle-ti-a'nua
Dol'o-pes
Dry-o-pe'i-a
DR EM EP ER ES 645
Dry'o-pes
Du-ce'ti-us 1 Du-ra'ti-us
Dy-ar-den'se
Dy-ras'pes
Dry'o-pis, or
Du-il'li-us, -a
Du'ra-to
Dy'mse
Dy'ris
-op'i-da
Du-lich'i-um
Du'ri-us
Dy-mae'i
Dy-ra'chi-um
Dry r ops
Du-lop'o-li3
Du-ro-cor'to-rum
Dy'mas
Dy-sau'les
Dryp'e-tia
Dum'no-rir
Du-ro'ni-a
Dy-nam'e-ne
Dys-ci-ne'tus
Du'bis
Du'nax
Du-um'vi-ri
Dy-nas'te
Dy-so'rum
Du'bria
Du'ra-nua
Dy-a-gon'daa
Dy'ras
Dys-pon'ti-i
E.
E'A-NES
E-lse'us
Em'ba-tum
E-pi-cre'ne
E-re'tum
E-a'nus
E-lse-n-ti'chus
Em-bo-li'ma
Ep-ic-te'tus
Er-eu-tba'li-on
E-ar'i-nus
El-a-gab'a-lus
E-mer'i-ta
Ep-i-cu-re'i
Er'ga-ne
E-a'si-ura
E-la'is
E-mes'sa, or
Ep-i-cu'rus
Er-gan'i-ca
Eb'do-me
El-a-i'tes
-mis'sa
E-pic'y-des
Er-gen'na
Eb'o-da
E-la'i-us
E-mo'da, or -dus
Ep-i-cy-di'des
Er'gi-as
E'bon
El-a-phe-bo'li-a
Em-ped'o-cles
Ep-i-dam-ne'us
Er-gi'nua
Eb'o-ra
El-a-phi-se'a
Era'pe-dus
Ep-i-dam'nus
Er-gin'iius
Eb'o-rum
El'a-phus
Em-pe-ra'mus
Ep-i-dapb'ne
Er-i-bce'a
Eb-ro-i'cea
El-ap-to'ni-ua
Em-po'clu3
E-pi-dau'ri-a
Er-i-bo'tea
E-bu'dse
E-la'ra
Em-po'ri-a
Ep-i-dau'rua
Er-i-ca'tea
Eb'u-ra, -ro
El-a-te'a
Em-po'ri-83
E-pid'i-um
Er-i-ce'a
Eb-u-ro'nea
El'a-tua
Era-pu'sa
E-pid'i-ug
Er-i-ce'tes
Eb-u-ro-vi'ces
E-la'ver
Em-pyr'i-um
Ep-i-do'tea
E-rich'tho
Eb'u-sus
E'le-a
E-nses'i-mus
E-pig'e-nea
Er-ich-tho'ni-us
Ec-a-me'da
E-le-a'te
En-cel'a-dus
E-pig'e-us
Er-i-cin'i-um
Ec-bat'a-na
E-lec'tra
En-cb.e'le-83
E-pis^o-ni
Er-i-cu'sa
Ec-e-chir'i-a
E-lec'traB
En'de-is
E-pig'o-nus
E-rid'a-nus
E-ce'tra
E-lec'tri-des
En-de'ra
Ep-i-gra'ne-a
Er-ig-du'pus
E-che'se
E-lec'try-on
En-d6'runi
E-pi'i, or pe'i
E-rig'o-ne
E-chec'ra-tea
El-e-gi'a
En-dym'i-on
E-pil'a-ris
E-rig-o-ne'i-ua
Eeh'e-d83
E-le'i
En-gon'a-sia
Ep-i-mel'i-dea
E-rig'o-nua
Ecli-e-da-mi'a
El-e-le'ua
En-gy'um
E-pim'e-nes
Er-i-ery'u3
E-chel'a-tus
E'le-on
E-ni-en'ses
Ep-i-men'i-dei
E-ril'lus
E-chel'ta
E-le-on'tum
E-ni-o'pe-ug
Ep-i-me'tbe-us
E-rin'dea
Ech'e-lus
El-e-phan'ti-ne
E-nip'e-us
Ep-i-me'this
E-rin'e-O3
E-chem'bro-tus
El-e-pliau'tis
E-nis'pe
E-pi'o-chus
E-riu'na
E-cbe'mon
El-e-phan-topli'a-
En'ni-a
E-pi'o-ne
E-rin'nys
Ecb.'e-mus
gi
En'ni-us
E-pipb'a-nes
E-ri'o-pis
Ech-e-ne'ug
El-e-phan-to-the'-
En'no-mus
Ep-i-plia'ni-us
E-ripb'a-nis
Ech'e-phron
YSB
En-nos-i-gae'us
E-pip'o-lae
E-ripb'i-das
E-chep'o-lig
Ech-e-po'lus
Eeh-ches'tra-tus
El-e-phe'nor
El-e-po'rus
El-eu-chi'a
En'o-pe
E'nops
E'nos
E-pi'rus
E-pis-co-pi'um
E-pis'tro-phus
Er-i-phy'le
E'ri3
Er-i-sich'thoa
Ech'e-tla
E'le-us
En-o-sic'tbon
E-pit'a-des
Er'i-tbua
Ech'e-tra
El-eu-sin'i-a
E-not-o-coe'tse
Ep-i-tbe'ras
E-rix'o
Ecb'e-tus
El-eu-si'nus
En-tel'la
Ep'i-tos
E-ro'chus
E-chev-e-then'sea
E-leu'sis
En-tel'lus
E'pi-um
E-ro'pus
E-chid'na
E-leu'ther
E-ny-a'li-ua
Ep'o-na
E'ros
Ecli-i-do'rus
E-leu'the-rse
E-ny'o
E-pon'y-mua
E-ros'tra-tus
E-cbin'a-de3
El-eu-the'ri-a
E'o-na
E-po'pe
E-ro'ti-a
E-cbl'non
E-leu-ther-o-cil'i-
E'os
E-po'pe-us
Er-ru'ca
E-chi'nug
C63
E-o'us
Ep-o-red'o-rix
Er'xi-as
Ech-i-nus'sa
E-leu-the-ro-la-co'-
E-paen'e-tus
Ep'u-lo
E-ry'a-lus
E-chi'on
iies
E-pa'grig
E-pyt'i-dea
E-ryb'i-um
E-cbi-on'i-dea
E-leu'the-rus
E-pain-i-non'das
Ep'y-tus
Er-y-ci'na
E-chi-o'ni-us
E-leu'tho
Ep-an-te'li-i
E-qua-jus'ta
Er-y-mau'this
E'cM-us
E-lic'i-us
E-paph-ro-di'tua
E-quo-tu'ti-cum
Er-y-man'thua
E'cho
E-li-en'sig, or
Ep'a-phug
E-quic'o-lus
Er'y-mas
Ec'no-mus
E-li'a-ca
Ep-as-nac'tua
Equir'i-a
E-rym'ua
E-des'sa, or
El-i-me'a
E-peb'o-lus
Er'a-con
E-rym'ne-ua
E-de'sa
E-lis'sa
E-pe'i
E-raj'a
Er'y-mus
E-dis'sa
El-is-pha'si-i
Ep-e-tri'mi
Er-a-si'nus
Er-ys-tbe'a
E'don
E'lis
E-pe'us
Ei--a-sip'pu3
Er-y-thea
E-do'ni
E-li'sa
E-phe'bi
Er-a-sis'tra-tua
Er-y-thi'a
E-du'sa
E-lis'sus
Eph'e-su3
Er'a-to
Er-y-thi'ni
E-dyli-us
E-lo'ne
Eph'e-lra
Er-a-tos'the-nes
Er-y-tbse'um
E-e'ti-oii
El-lo'pi-a
E-phi-al'tc
Er-a-tos'tra-tua
Er'y-tlira
E-ga'le-os
E-lo'rus
Epb/o-ri
E-ra'tus
E-ryth-ra-bo'lua
E-gel'i-dus
E'los
Epb'o-rus
Er-bes'sus
Er'y-thra3
E-ge'ri-a
El-pe'nor
Eph'ra-ta
Er-cbi'a
Er'y-tbras
E-ges-a-re'tus
El-pi-ni'ce
Eph'y-ra, -e
Er'e-bus
E-rytb'ri-on
Eg-e-si'uus
El-u-i'na
Ep-i-ca'rus
Er-ecb-the'um
E-rytb'ros
E-ges'ta
El'y-ces
Ep-i-cas'te
E-rech'the-us
Eryx
E-ge'ta
El-y-ma'i3
Ep-i-cer'i-des
Kr-ecb-ti'daa
E-ryx'o
Eg-na'ti-us, -a
El'y-mi
Ep-i-cba'i-des
E-i'ein bi
E-.-er'nus
E-i'on
El'y-mus
E-picb'a-ris
E-re'mug
Es-quii'i-ae
E-i'o-nes
El'y-rus
Ep-i-char'mus
Er-e-ne'a
Es-qu* -li'niis
E-i-o'ne-us
El'y-sa
Ep'i-cles
l.-res'sa
Es-sed'o-nes
E-i-zelus
E-lys'i-um
Ep-i-cli'des
^, or
Es'su.i
El-a-bou'tas
E-ma'tbi-a
Ep-ic-ne-iuid'i-i
Er'e-siia
I' s-ti-se-o'tii
E-lae'a
E-ma'thi-on
E-pic'ra-te
E-re'tri-a
Es-ti-ai'a 35
546 ES GA GA GA GA
Es'u-la
Eu-do'rus, -ra
Eu-pal'a-mon
Eu-ry-cli'dea
Eu-the'nsB
Et-e-ar'chus
Eu-dox'us, -a
Eu-pal'a-mus
Eu-ryc'ra-tes
Eu-thyc'ra-te
E-te'o-cles
E-te'o-clus
Eu-el-ge'a
Eu-e-mer'i-das
Eu'pa-tor
Eu-pa-to'ri-a
Eu-ry-crat'i-das
Eu-ryd'a-mas, -me
Eu-th.y-de'mu8
Eu-tby'mus
Et-e-o-cre'taa
Eu-es'pe-ris
Eu-pat'o-ris
Eu-ry-dam'i-das
Eu-tbyn'o-us
E-te'o-nes
E-te-o'ne-u3
Eu-ga'ne-i
Eu-ge'ni-um
Eu-pei'thes
Eu'pha-es
Eu-ryd'i-ce
Eu-ry-elus
Eu-trap'e-lus
Eu-tre'sis
E-te-o-ni'cus
Eu-ge'ni-us, -a
Eu-phan'tus
Eu-ry-ga'ni-a
Eu-tro'pi-us
E-te-o'nus
Eu'ge-on
Eu-pbe'mus, -me
Eu-ryl'e-on
Eu'ty-ches
E-te'si-se
E-tba'li-on
Eu-gi'a
Eu-kem'e-rus
Eu-phor'bus
Eu-pbo'ri-on
Eu-ryl'o-chus
Eu-rym'a-chus
Eu-tych'i-des, -de
Eu'ty-chus
E-thele-um
Eu'hy-dra
Eu-phra'nor
Eu-rym'e-de
Eux-an'thi-us
E-tbe'lus
EuTiy-drum
Eu-pkra'tes
Eu-rym'e-don
Eux'e-iius
E-the'mon
Eu'hy-us
Eu'phron
Eu-rym'e-nea
E ux-yn'the-tua
Eth'o-da
Eu-lim'e-ne
Eu-pbros'y-ne
Eu-ryn'o-mus, -me
Eux-i'nus
E'ti-as
Eu-ma'chi-us
Eu-pi'tlies
Eu-ry'o-ne
Eux-ip'pe
E'tis
Eu-maB'us
Eu-plse'a, or -plce'a
Eu'ry-pon
E-vad'ne
E-tru'ri-a
Eu-ma'ras
Eu'po-lis
Eu-ry-pon'ti-da3
Ev'a-ges
E-trus'ci
Et'y-lus
Eu-me'ces
Eu-me'des
Eu-po'lus
Eu-pom'pus
Eu-ryp'y-lus, -le
Eu-rys'the-nes
Ev'a-gon
E-vag'o-ras, -re
Eu'ba-ges
Eu-melis
Eu-ri-a-nas'sa
Eu-rys-then'i-dse
E'van
Eu-ba'tas
Eu'me-nes
Eu-rip'i-des
Eu-rys'the-us
E-van'der
Eu'bi-us
Eu-me'ni-a
Eu-ri'pus
Eu'ry-te
E-van'ge-lus
Eu-boe'a
(a woman)
Eu-ro-aq'ui-lo
Eu-ryt'e-se
Ev-an-gor'i-de
Eu-bo'i-cus
Eu'bo-tes
Eu-me-ni'a (a city)
Eu-men'i-des
Eu-rocly-don
Eu-ro'mus
Eu-ryt'e-le
Eu-ry-tbe'mis
E-van'thes
E-var'chus
Eu-buli-des
Eu-me-nid'i-a
Eu-ron'o-tus
Eu-ryth'i-on
E'vas
Eu-bulus
Eu-me'ni-ua
Eu-ro'pa
Eu-ryt'i-on
E'vax
Eu-ce'rus
Eu-che'nor
Eu-mol'pi-doe
Eu-mol'pus, -e
Eu-ro-pae'us
Eu'rops
Eu'ry-tis
Eu-ry-tus
E-vel'thon
E-vem'e-rus
Eu'cbi-des
Eu-mon'i-des
Eu-ro'pus
Eu'se-bes
E-ve'nor
Eu-cli'de
Eu'ne-os
Eu-ro'tas
Eu-se-bi'a (a city)
E-ve'nus
Eu'clus
Eu-nse'us
Eu-ro'to
En-seTti-us, -a
Ev-e-phe'nus
Eu'cra-tes, -te
Eu-na'pi-us
Eu-ro'us
Eu-sem'a-ta
Ev'e-res
Eu'cri-tus
Eu-ni'ce
Eu'rus
Eu'se-pus
E-ver'ge-tse
Euc-te'mon
Eu-no'nai-a
Eu-ry'a-lus -le
Eu-sta'thi-us
E-ver'ge-tes
Euc-tre'si-i
Eu'no-mus
Eu-ryb'a-tes
Eu-stoli-a
Ev-es-per'i-dea
Eu-dse'mon
Eu-dain'i-das
Eu-nu'chus
Eu'nus
Eu-ryb'i-a
Eu-ry-bi'a-de
Eu-tse'a
Eu-tel'i-das
E-vip'pus, -pe
Ex-a'di-us
Eu-da'mus
Eu'o-dus
Eu-ryb'i-us
Eu-ter'pe
Ex-aa'thea
Eu-de'mus
Eu-on'y-mus
Eu-ryb'o-tus
Eu-tha'li-a
Ex-ag'o-nus
Eu-do'ci-a
Eu'o-ras
Eu-ry-cle'a
Eu-tb.a'U-u3
Ez-om'a-ta
Eu-doc'i-mus
Eu-pa'gi-um
Eu'ry-cles
F.
FA-BA'RI-A
Fas-cel'li-na
Fe-re'tri-us
Fla-vi'na
Frig'i-dus
Fab'a-ris
Fa-tic'a-nus
Fe-ro'ni-a
Fla-vin'i-a
Fris'i-i
Fa-bi-a'ni
Fau-cu'la
Fes-cen'ni-a
Fla-vi-ob'ri-ga
Fron-ti'nus
Fa'bi-us, -a -i
Faula
Fes-cen-ni'nus
Fla'vi-us, -a
Fru'si-no
Fab-ra-te'ria
Fau-nali-a
Fes'cu-lse
Fla-vo'na
Fu'ci-nus
Fa-bric'i-us
Fau'nus, -a
Fi-bre'nua
Flo-ra'li-a
Fu-fid'i-us
Fa-bul'la
Fau-sti'nus, -a
Fi-cul'ne-a
Flo-ra'lis
Fu'fi-us
Fac-e-li'na
Faus'ti-tas
Fi-de'na, or -use
Flo-ren'ti-a
Fu-gali-a
Fa'dus
Faus'tu-lus
Fid-e-na'tes
Flo-ri-a'nus
Ful-gi-na'te
Fses'u-ls3
Fa-ven'ti-a
Fi-den'ti-a
Flo'rus, -a
Ful-gi'nns
Fal-cid'i-a
Fa-ve'ri-a
Fid-en-ti'nus
Flu-o'ni-a
Fulli-num
Fa-le'ri-a
Fa'vo
Fi'des
Fo'li-a
Ful'vi-us, -a
Fa-le'ri-i
Fav-o-ri'nua
Fi-dic'u-lse
Fon-ta'nus
Fun-da'nus
Fal-e-ri'na
Feb'ru-a
Fira'bri-a
Fon-te'i-us, -a
Fun'di
Fa-ler'nua
Fe-ci-ales
Fir'mi-us
For'mi-ee
Fu'ri-ae
Fa-lis'ci
Fel'gi-nas
Fis-cel'lus
For-mi-a'num
Fu-ri'na
Fa-lis'cus
Fe-Hc'i-tas
Fla-cel'li-a
For-tu'na
Fur-i'nae
Fa'ma
Fel'si-na
Fla-cil'la
For'u-li
Fu'ri-us, -a, -i
Fan'ni-us, -a, -i
Fen-es-tella
Flam'i-nes
Fo'rum Ap'pi-i
Fur'ni-us
Far'fa-rua
Fe-ra'li-a
Fla-min'i-us, -a
Fre-gella
Fus'cus
Fai'si-na
Fer-en-ti'num
Flam-i-ni'nus
Fre-ge-nce
Fus-ci'na
Fas'ce-lia
Fe-ren'tum, or Fo-
Fla-vi-a'num
Freu-ta'ni
Fu'si-uSj -a
G.
GAB'A-LES
Ga-bin'i-us, -a
Ga-lse'sus
Ga-le-o'tse
Gal-li-na'ri-a
Gab'a-lus
Gad'a-ra
Ga-lan'tMs
Ga-le'ri-us, -a
Gal-lip'o-lis
Gab'a-rus
Ga'des, Ga-di'ra
Gal'a-ta
Ga-le'sus
Gal-U'ta
Gab'a-za
Gad-i-ta'nus
Gal'a-tse
Gal-i-lee'a
Gal-lo-graa'ci-a
Ga-be'ne
Gse-sa'tse
Gal-a-tse'a, -tb.se'a
Ga-lin-tM-a'di-a
Gal-lo'ni-us
Ga-bi-e'ne
Gee-tuli
Ga-la'ti-a
Gal'li-a
Ga-max'us
Ga-bi-e'nua
Ga3-tuli-a
Ga-lax'i-a
Gal-li-ca'nus
Gam-bre'um
Ga'bi-i
Gse-tu'li-cus
Gal'bu-la
Gal-lic'i-nus
Ga-meli-a
Ga-bi'na
Ga-la'bri-i
Ga-le'nus
Gal'li-cus
Gan-da-ri'ta
Ga-bin-i-an'us
Gal-ac-topb.'a-gi
Ga-le'o-lse
Gal-li-e'nus
Gan'ga-ma
GA HA HE HE HE 547
Gan-gar'i-dsB
Ge-lo'ni
Ger-ma'ni-i
Glis'saa
Grse'ci-a
Gan-gar'i-dea
Gelos
Ger-ma'nus
Glyc'e-ra
Grae-ci'nus
Gan-ge'tis
Ge-min'i-us
Ger-on-te'us
Gly-ce'ri-um
Grse-cos'ta-sia
Gan-nas'cus
Gem'i-nus, -a, -i
Ge-ron'thrsa
Gly'con
Grae'cus
Gan-y-me'des, -de
Ge-mi'nus (the
Ge'rus
Gna'ti-a
Gra'i-us
Ga-reet'i-oum
astrologer)
Ge'ry-on
Gni'dus
Gra-ju'ge-naa
Gar-a-man'tes
Ge-na'bum
Ge-ry'o-nea
Gnos'si-a
Gra-ni'cus
Gar-a-man'tis
Ge-nau'ni
Ge-sitb'o-us
Gob-a-nit'i-o
Gra'ni-us
Gar'a-mas
Ge-ne'tea
Ges'sa-tse
Go'bar
Gra-te'se, In'su-la
Gar'a-tas
Ge-ne'va, -na'va
Ges-so-ri'a-cum
Gob'a-rea
Gra'ti-se
Ga-re'a-ta3
Ge-ni'sus
Ge'ta
Go'"bry-as
Gra-ti-a'nus
Gar-re-atb'y-ra
Ge'ni-us
Ge'tea
Gom'o-ra
Gra-tid'i-a
Gar-ga'nus
Gen-na'i-des
Ge-tbos'y-ne
Go-na'tas
Gra'ti-on
Gar-ga'pbi-a
Ge-no'ni
Getb-sem'a-ni
Go-ni'a-dea
Gra'ti-us
Gar-garl-das
Gen'se-ric
Get'i-cus
Go-uip'pus
Gra'vi-i
Gar'ga-ris
Gen'ti-us
Ge-tuli-a
Go-noes r sa
Gra-vis'cs9
Gar'ga-rus, -a
Gen'u-a
Gi-gan'tea
Go-uus'sa
Gra'vi-us
Gar-get'tus
Ge-nu'ci-us
Gig-an-te'us
Gor-di-a'nus
Gre-go'ri-us
Gar-git'ti-us
Gen'u-sus
Gi-gar'tum
Gor-di-e'um
Gro-ne'a
Ga-ril'i-us
Ge-nu'ti-a
Gi'gis
Gor-di-u-co'mon
Gry'ne-um
Ga-ri'tea
Gen'y-sus
Gi-go'nus
Gor'di-um
Gry-ne'us
Ga-rum'na
Ge-om'o-ri
Gin-da'nea
Gor'di-us
Gry-ni'um
Ga'tbe-89
Ga-the'a-tas
Ge-pby'ra
Gepb-y-ree'i
Gin-gu'num
Gip'pi-us
Gor-di-u-ti'chus
Gor-ga'sus
Gy'a-ra
Gy'a-rus, Gy'a-ros
Gau-ga-mela
Ge-phy'rea
Gla-di-a-to'ri-i
Gor'gi-as
Gy'as
Gaulus, or -le-on
Gepb-y-ro'te
Lu'di
Gor'go-nea
Gy-gse'us
Gau-ra'nus
Gep'i-dse
Glan-do-me'rum
Gor-go'ne-us
Gy'ge
Gau'rus
Ga'us, or Ga'os
Ge-rses'tus
Ger-a-ne'a
Gla'nis
Gla'num
Gor-go'ni-a
Gor-go'ni-us
Gy'ges, or G/ea
Gyl-a-ce'a
Ga-zo'rus
Ge-ben'na
Ge-ra'ni-a
Ge-ran'three
Glapb'y-re, -ra
Glapb'y-rus
Gor-goph'o-ne
Gor-goph'o-ra
Gy-iip'pus
Ge-dro'si
Ge-dro'si-a
Ger'a-sa
Ge-re'a
Glau'ce
Glau'ci-a
Gor-go'pis
Gor-gyth'i-on
Q^-m-ne'si-se
Ge-ga'ni-i
Ge-res'ti-cus
Glau-cip'pus, -pe
Gor'tu-se
Gym-ne'tes
Ge'la
Ger'gi-tbum
Glau'con
Gor-ty'na
Gym-no-pai-di'a
Ge-la'nor
Ger-go'bi-a
Glau-con'o-me
Gor-tyn*ia
Gym-nos-o-pbis'tee
Gelli-as
Ge'ri-on
Glau-co'pis
Go-tb.o'aea
Gy-nae'ce-as
Gelli-us, -a
Ger-ma'ni-a
Glau'cus
Gothi (P.)
Gy-cas-co-thoa'naa
Ge'lo, or -Ion
Ger-man-i-ci'a
Glau'ti-as
Gra-di'vns
Gyr-to'na
Ge-lo'i
Ger-man'i-cus
Gli'con
Gree'ci
H.
HA'BIS
Ha-lo'ne
Ha-ru'dea
He-ge'mon
Hel-la-nod'i-cas
Ha-dri-a-nop'o-lis
Ha-dri-a'nus
Hal-on-ne'sus
Ha-lo'ti-a
Has-fcy'te
Has'dTn-bal
He-ge'si-as
Hel-le'nes
Hel-les-pon'tua
Ha-dri-at'i-cum
Had-y-le'um
Hse'mon
Ha-lo'tus
Ha'lus
Ha-ly-se'tu3
Ha-te'rf-us
Haus'ta-nea
He-au-ton-tirr.o- j
Heg-e-sil-'o-chus
Heg-e-sin'o-us
Heg-e-si'nus
Hel'lo-pes
Hel-lo'pi-a
Hel-lo'ti-a
Hee-mo'ni-a
Ha-ly-at'tea
ru'me-noa i Heg-e-sip'pus
He-lo'ris
Ha3m'o-nis
Ha-ly'cus
Heb'do-le
Heg-e-sip'y-le
He-lo'rus, -rum
Hae'mus
Ha'lys/,.
Heb'dome
Heg-e-sis'tra-tus
He'los
Ha'gea
Ha-lyz'i-a
He'be
Heg-e-syp'e-le
He-lo'tse, -tea
Hag-nag'o-ra
Ham-a-dry'a-des
He-be'sus
He^-e-tor'i-dea
He'lum
Ha-lae'sus
Ham-ar-tolus
Heb'ri-nus
Hel'e-na
Hel-ve'ti-a
Hal'a-la
Ha-max'i-a
He-brom'a-guni
He-le'ni-a
Hel-ve'ti-i
Hal-cy'o-ne
Ha-max'i-tus
He-brom'a-nus
Hel-e-ni'us
Hel-ve'tum
Ha-len'tum
Ham-ax-o'bi-i
He'brus
He-le'nor
Hel'vi-a
Hal'e-sa
Ha-mil'car
He-bu'dea
Hel'e-nus
Hel-vid'i-a
Ha-le'si-us
Ha-millus
Hec'a-le
Hele-on
Hel'vi-i
Ha-le'sus
Han'ni-bal
Hec-a-le'ai-a
He-ler'ni Lu'cus
Hel-vil'um
Hali-a
Har'ca-lo
Hec-a-me'de
He'les, or Ha'lea
Hel-vi'na
Ha-li-ac'mon
H ar-ma-teli-a
Hec-a-tae'us
He'li-a
Hel'vi-us
Ha-li-se'e-tus
Har'ma-tris
Hec'a-te
He-li'a-des
Hel'y-mus
Ha-li-ar'tus
Har'ma-tus
Hec-a-te'si-a
He-li-as'tee
He-ma'tbi-on
Hal-i-car-nas'se-
Har-men-o-pu'lus
Hec'a-to
Hel-i-ca'on
Hem-e-ros-co-pi'-
us
Har-mo'di-us
Hec-a-tom-bo'i-a
Hel'i-ce
um
Hal-i-car-nas'sus
Har-mo'ni-a
Hec-a-tom-pho'-
Hel'i-cou
He-mic'y-nea
Ha-lic'y-se
Har-mon'i-dea
ni-a
Hel-i-co-ni'a-des
He-mith'e-a
Ha-li'e-is
Ha-lim'e-de
Har-mos'y-ni
Har'mo-zon
Hec-a-tom'po-lia
Hec-a-tom'py-los
Hel-i-co'nis
Hel-i-me'na
He-mo'dus
He'mon
Hal-ir-rbo'ti-us
Har-pa'gi-a
Hec-a-ton-ne'si
Hel'i-mus
He-mo'na
Hal-i-ther'sus
Har-pag'i-dea
Hec-te'naa
He-li-o-do'ras
He'mus
Ha-li'um
Hali-us
Hal-i-zo'nea
Har'pa-gus
Har-pal'i-ce, -y-ce
Har-pali-on
Hec'u-ba
Hec'y-ra
Hed'i-la
He-li-o-gab'a-lus
He-H-op'o-lis
He-Hs'son
Hen'e-ti
He-ni'o-cbi
He-ni-o-cbi'a
H al-mo'nes
Har'pa-lus
Hed-o-nse'um
He-li'um
He-phses'ti-a (a
Hal-my-des'sus
Har-pal'y-cus
Hed'u-ea
He'li-us
city)
Hal'my-ris
Hal-my-ro'tea
Har'pa-sa
Har'pa-sus
Hed'u-i
Hed'y-lus
He-lix'ua
Hel'la-da
Hepb-aes-ti'a (a
festival)
Ha-lo'a
Har-poc'ra-tea
He-dym'e-lea
Hel-lan'i-cus, -ce
He-pbass-ti'a-dea
Ha-loc'ra-tea
Har-py'i-se
He-gel'o-cnus
Hel-la-noc'ra-tes
He-phffis'ti-i
648 HE IA IB 10 10
He-phses'ti-o
He-ro'des
Hi-meHa
His-pul'la
Hy-dru f sa
Ile-pbses'ti-on
He-ro-di-a'nua
Him'e-ra
His-tas'pea
Hy'e-la, -e
Hep-ta-pbo'nos
He-rod'i-cus
Hi-mil'co
His-ti-ee'a
Hy-emp'bal
Hep-tap'o-lis
Her-o-di'um
Hip-pag'o-ras
His-ti-83'o-tis
Hy-et'tus
Hep-tap'o-rus
He-rod'o-tus
Hip-pag're-tus
His-ti-se'us
Hy-ge'a
Hep-tap'y-los
Her-o-du'lus
Hip-pal'ci-raus
His'tri-a
Hy-ge'i-a, -ge'a
Hep-ta-yd'a-ta
He-ro'es
Hip'pa-lus
Ho'di-us
Hy-gi'a-na
Hea
He-ro'ia
Hip-par'chi-a
Hol-mi'ura
Hy-gi'nus
Her-a-cle'a
He'ron
Hip-par'chuS
Hol'o-cron
Hy'la
Her-a-cle'i-a
He-roph'i-lus, -la,
Hip-pa-ri'nus
Hom-e-re'us
Hy-lac'i-dea
Her'a-cles
le
Hip-pa-ri'on
Ko-mer'i-da3
Hy-lac'tor
He-rac'le-um
He-rso'tra-tus
Hip'pa-ris
Hom-e-ro-mas'tix
Hy'lae
He-rac-le-o'tes
Her-sil'i-a
Hip'pa-sua
Ho-me'rus
Hy-le'a, -a>'a
Her-a-cli'dse
Her'u-li
Hip'pe-us
Ho-mi'ls9
Hy-lse'us
Her-a-cli'dea
Her'u-lua
Hip'pi-as
Hom'o-le
Hy'las
Her-a-cli'tus
He-sae'nus
Hip'pi-us-, -a
Ho-mo'le-a
Hy'lax
Her-a-cli'us
He-si'o-dus
Hip-pob'o-tum.
Hom-o-lip'pus
Hyl'i-as
He-rse'a
He-si'o-ne
-tes
Hom-o-lo'i-dea
Hyl-la'i-cus
He-rse'um
He-si'o-nea
Hip-pob'o-tus
Ho-mon-a-den'ses
Hy-lon'o-me
Her-be'sus
Hes-pe'ri-a
Hip-po-cen-tau'ri
Hora-o-ti'mi
Hy-loph'a-gi
Her-bea'sus
Hes-pe'ri-dea
Hip-po-co'me
Ho-no'ri-us
Hy'men,
Her-bi'ta
Hes'pe-ris
Hip-poc'o-on
Ho-ple'tea
Hym-e-nse'us
Her-ce'ua
Hes-per-i'tis
Hip-po-co-^s'tes
Ho'ra
Hy-met'tua
Her-cu-la'ne-uin
Hes'pe-rus
Hip-poc'ra-tes, -te
Ho-rac'i-taB
Hy-o'pe
Her'cu-les
Hes-ti'a
Hip-po-cra'ti-a
Ho'rae
Hy-pae'pa
Her-cu'le-ura
Hes-ti-se'a
Hip-po-cre'ne
Hor-a-pollo
Hy-pae'si-a
Her-cu'le-us
Her-cy'na
Hes-ti-o'nea
He'sus
Hip-pod'a-mas
Hip-pod'a-me,
Ho-ra'ti-us, -a
Hor'ci-as
Hyp'a-nis
Hyp-a-ri'nus
Her-cyn'i-us, -a
He-sych'i-us, -a
-mi'a
Ho-ri'zon
Hyp'a-ta
Her-do'ni-a
Her-do'ni-ug
He-tric'u-lum
He-tru'ri-a
Hip-pod'a-mus
Hip-pod'i-ce
Hor-mis'das
Hor-ra'tus
Hy-pa'tea
Hyp'a-tba
He-ren'ni-us
Heu-rip'pa
Hip-po-do'rus
Hor-ten'si-us 1 -a
Hyp'a-tus
He're-us
Hex-ap'y-lum
Hip-pod'ro-mas
Hor-ti'num
Hy-pe'nor
He-ril'lus
Hi-ar'bas
Hip'po-la
Hor-to'na
Hyp-e-ra'on
Her'i-lus
Hi-ber'ni-a
Hip-pol'o-chus
Ho'rus
Hy-per'ba-tus
Her'ina-chui
Hi-be'rus
Hip-pol'y-tus, -te
Hos-til'i-us, -a
Hy-per'bi-us
Her'msB
Hi-bril'dei
Hip-pom'a-clius
Huu-ne-ri'cus
Hyp-er-bo're-i
Her-mse'a
Hic-e-ta'on
Hip-pom'e-don
Hun-ni'a-des
Hyp-e-re'si-a
Her-mse'um
Hic'e-tas
Hip-pom-e-du'aa
Hy-a-cin'thi-a
Hyp-e-ri'a, -ro'a
Her-mag'o-raa
Her-man'di-ca
Hi-emp'sal
Hi'e-ra (an island)
Hip-pom'e-nes
Hip-po-mol'gi
Hy-a-cin'tnus
Hy'a-dea
Hy-per'i-des
Hyp-e-ri'ou
Her-man-du'ri
Her-man'ni
Hi-e'ra (a person)
Hi-e-ra-co'me
Hip-po'na
Hip-po'nar
Hy-ag'nis
Hy'a-la
Hyp-erm-nes'tra
Hy-per'o-chus
Her-maph-ro-di'tus
Hi-e-rap'o-lis
Hip-po-ni'a-tea
Hy-a-me'a
Hyp-er-och'i-dea
Her-ma-the'na
Her-me'aa
Hi'e-rax
Hi'e-ri
Hip-po-ni'cus
Hip-po'ni-um
Hy-am-pe'a
Hy-am'po-lis
Hy-pbae'us
Hypb-an-te'on
Her-me'i-as
Hi-er'i-chus
Hip-pon'o-us
Hy-an'tbes
Hyp-o-the'bse
Her-me-si'a-nax
Hi'e-ro
Hip-popb.'a-gi
Hy-an'tis
Hyp-o-the'cse
Her-mi'as
Her-min'i-us
Hi-e-ro-ce'pi-a
Hi-e-ro-ce'pis
Hip-pop'o-dea
Hip-pos'tra-tus
Hy-a-pe'a
Hy'as
Hyp-se'a
Hyp-se'Li
Her-mi'o-ne
Hi-er'o-cles
Hip-pot'a-des
Hyb'e-U
Hyp-se'nor
Her-mi'o-nea
Hi-e-ro-cses-a-re'a
Hip'po-tas, -tes
Hy'bla
Hyp-se'us
Her-mi-o'ni-8B
Hi-e-ro-du'li
Hip-potb'o-on
Hy-bre'as, or
Hyp-si-cra-te'a
H er-mi-on'i-cus
Hi-e-ro-du'lum
Hip-potb-o-on'tis
Hyb're-as
Hyp-sic'ra-tea
Her-mi'o-nis
Her-mip'pus
Hi-e-ro-ke'ryx
Hi-er-om-ne'mon
Hip-poth'o-us, -e
Hip-po'ti-on
Hy-bri'a-nes
Hyc'ca-ra
Hyp-sip'y-le
Hyr-ca'ni-a
Her-mo-cop'i-dae
Hi-e-ro-ne'sos
Hip-po-tox'o-tse
Hy'da, Hy'de
Hyr-ca'nua
Her-moc'ra-tes
Hi-er-o-ni'cea,
Hip-pu'ris
Hyd'a-ra
Hyr'i-a, -e
Her-modo'rus
CSS
Hip-pu'rua
Hy-dar'nea
Hy-ri'e-us,
ller-mog'e-nea
Hi-e-ron'i-cus, -a
Hip'si-dea
Hy-das'pea
Hyr'e-us
Iler-mo-la'us
Hi-e-ron'y-mus
Hi f ra
Hy'dra
Hyr-mi'na, -ne
Her-mo'nax
Her-mon'do-ri
Hi-e-roph'i-lug
Hi-e-ro-sol'y-ina
Hir-pi'ni
Hir-pi'nus
Hy-dra'mi-a
Hyd-ra-o'tes
Hyr'ne-to, -tho
Hyr-nitb'i-iim
Her-mop'o-lis
Hi-gi'nus
Hir'ti-us, -a
Hyd're-a
Hyr'ta-cus
Her-mo-ti'mua
Hig-na'ti-a
His'pa-lis
Hy-dre'la
Hys'i-a
Her-mun-du'ri
Her'ni-ci
Hi-la'ri-a
Hi-la'ri-ua
His-pa'ni-a
His-pa'nua
Hy-drocb'o-us
Hyd-ro-plio'ri-a
Hys-tas'pea
Hys-ti-e'us
He'ro
Him-an-top'o-des
His-pel'lum
Hy'drus
L
FA
I-an'the
I-ar-bi'ta
I-ber'i-cus
Ic'e-taa
I-ae'chus
I-ap-e-ron'i-des
I-ar'chas, Jar'chas
I-be'rus
Ich-nob'a-tea
I-a'der
I-a-pet'i-des
I-ar'da-nus
I'bi
Icb-nu'sa
I-a-le'mus
I-ap-e-ti-on'i- dea
I-as'i-dea
I'bis
Icb-o-nu'phis
I-al'me-nua
I-al'y-sus
I-ap'e-tus
I-a'pis
I-a'si-on, -si'us
I-a'sis
Ib'y-cus
I-ca'ri-a
Ich-thy-opb.'a-gi
I-cil'i-us
I-am'be
I-ap'o-de
I'a-sus
I-ca'ri-us
Ic'i-us
I-am'bli-ctn
I-a-pyd'i-a
I-ax-anVa-tra
Ic'a-rus
I-co'ni-um
I-am'e-nus
I-a-pyg'i-a
I-ax'ar-tea
Ic'ci-us
I'cos
I-am'i-dae
I-a'pyx
I-be'ri
Ic'e-los. -lus
Ic-ti'nus
I-a-ni'ra
I-ar'baa
I-be'ri-a
I-ce'ni
Ic-u-lis'ma
ID
LA
LA
LA
LA
549
J'da
H-lip'u-la
I-no're
Iph'i-tus
Is-se'don
I-dae'us, -a
Il-li-tur'gia
I-no'us
Iph'thi-me
Is-sed'o-nes
Id'a-lus
Il-lyr'i-cum,
In'su-bres
Ip-se'a
Is-tsev'o-nes
Id-an-thyr'sus
Il'ly-ris
In-su'bri-a
I'ra
Isth'mi-a
I-dar'nes
Il-lyr'i-cus
In-ta-me'li-um
I-ra'is
Isth'mi-us
I'das
H-lyr'i-us. -a
In-ta-pher'nes
Ir-a-phi'o-te
Is-ti-se'o-tis
Id'e-a
Il'u-a
In-te-ram'na
Ir-e-nse'ua
Is-to'ue
I-de'ra
I'lus
In-ter-ca'ti-a
I-re'ne
Is'tri-a
I-des'sa
Il-ur-ge'a
In'u-us
I-re'sus
Is-trop'o-li*
I'dex
I-lyr'gia
I-ny'cus
I'ria
I'sus
I-dis-ta-vi'tus
I-man-u-en'ti-us
To
I'rus
It'a-li
I-dom'e-ue
I-ma'on
I-ob'a-te
I-sa'cus
I-ta'li-a
I-dom-e-ne'ua
Im'a-us
I'o-be
Is'a-daa
I-tal'i-cus, -a
I-do'the-a
Im'ba-rus
I-o-la'i-a
I-sse'a
It'a-lus
I-dri'e-us
Im-brac'i-des
I'o-las, or -la'ua
I-sse'us
I-tar'gris
I-du'be-da
Im-bras'i-dea
1-ol'cb.os
Is'a-mus
It'e-a
I-du'ine, -ine'a
Im'bra-sua
I'o-le
I-san'der
I-tem'a-le
I-dy'a
Im'bre-us
I-o'lura
I-sa'pis
Ith'a-ca
I-dy'i-a
Im'bri-us
I'on
I'sar, Is'a-ra
Ith'a-ce-si-w
I-Ptee
Im-briv'i-um
I-o'nt,
I'sar, I-sse'us
I-thob'a-lus
Ig'e-ni
Im'bros
I-o'iies
I-sar'chus
Ith-o-ma'i-a
Ig-na'ti-us
Im'o-la
I-o'ni-a
I-sau'ri-a
Ith-o-ma'tas
Ig-ne'tes
In'a-cbi
I-on'i-cus
I-sau'ri-cus
I-tho'me
I-gu'vi-um
I-na'chi-a
I-o'pas
I-sau'ru3
I-tho'mus
n-a-i'ra
I-nach'i'dee
I'o-pe
Is-cb.e'ni-a
I-tho'ne
n-e-a'tes
I-nach'i-dea
I'o-phon
Is-cho-la'u3
Ith-u-re'i
Il-e-ca'o-nes
-nen'ses
I-na'chi-um
In'a-chus
I-o'pis
FOB
Is-chom'a-clie
Is-chop'o-lis
Ith-y-phallus
I-to'tii-a
I-ler'da
I-nam'a-me3
I-Q-taph'a-ta
Is-chy'ras
I-to'nus
Il-er-ge'tea
I-nar'i-me
Ip'e-pae
Is-com'a-clius
It'o-rum
Il'i-a
In'a-rus
Iph-i-a-nas'sa
Is-de-ger'de
It'u-na
I-li'a-cus
In-ci-ta'tua
Iph'i-clus, or -cles
I-se'a
It-u-r83'a
I-li'a-dea
In-da-thyr'sus
I-phic'ra-tes
I-se'pua
I-tu'rum
Il'i-as
In'di-a
Iph-i-crat'i-dea
Is'i-a
It'y-lus
Il-i-en'sea
In-dib'i-lia
Iph-i-da-mi'a
I-si'a-cus
It-y-rae'i
Il'i-on
In'di-cus
I-phid'a-mus
Is-i-do'rua
I'tys
I-li'o-ne
In-di-ge'tes (a
Iph-i-de-mi'a
I'sis
I-u-le'us
Il-i-o'ne-us
people)
Iph-i-ge-ni'a
Is-ma-ela
I-u-li'a-cum
I-lis'sus
In-dig'e-ti .
Ipk-i-me-di'a
Is'ma-rus, -ra
I-u'lus
I-lith-y-i'a, or
In-gffiv'o-nes
I-phim'e-don
Is-me'ne
Ix-ib'a-taa
n-thy'i-a
In-ne'sa
Iph-i-me-du'sa
Is-me'ui-as
Ix-i'on
H'i-um, or -on
I'no
I-pbin'o-us, -e
Is-men'i-de
Ix-i-o'ne-us
Il-lib'a-nus
I-no'a
I'plris
Is-me'nus
Ix-i-on'i-de
Il-lib'e-ris
I-no'pus
I-phit'i-on
I-soc'ra-te
JA-CO'BUS
Jad'e-ra
Ja-nic'u-lum
Ja-no'ca
Ja'nus
Ja-pet'i-des
Jap'e-tu3
Ja'son
Jaz'y-ges
Jen'i-sua
Je'ra
Je-ro'mus
Je-ron'y-mns
Je-ru'sa-lera
Je'sus
Jo-ba'tes
Jo-cas'ta
Jor-nan'de
Jo-se'phus
Jo-vi-a'nus
Jo-vi'mis
Jo'za
Ju'ba
Ju-dse'a
Ju-ga'lis
Ju-gan'tes
Ju-ga'ri-us
Ju-gur'thaj
Ju-li'a-de
Ju-li-a'nus
Ju-li-o-bo'na
Ju-li-o-ma'gus
Ju-li-op'o-lis
Ju'lis
Ju'li-us, -a
Ju'iii-us, -a
Ju'uo
Ju-uo-nali-a
Ju-no'ne
Ju-no'ni-a
Ju'pi-ter
Ju'ra
Jus-ti'nua
Ju-tur'na
Ju-ve-na'lis
Ju-ven'tas
Ju-ver'na
L.
LA-AN'DER
Lab-y-rin'thua
La-con'ic-ca
La-er'ti-ug
Lam-be'ca
La-ar'chus
La-cse'na
Lac'ra-tes
Lse-stryg'o-ne*
Lam-bra'ni
Lab'a-ris
Lnc-e-dse'mon
Lac'ri-nes
Lae-to'ri-a
La'mi-a
"Lab'a-rus
Lac-e-dBe-mon'i-
Lac-tan'ti-us
Lae'tus. -a
La'mi-83
Lab-dac'i-des
cus
Lac'y-des
Lse'vi
La'mi-as
Lab'da-cus
Lac-e-d sem 'o-ne 3
Lac'y-dua
Lae-vi'nus
La-mi'rug
Lab'da-lon
Lac-e-de-mo'ni-us
La'das
La-ga'ri-a
Lam-pe'ti-a (a
LaTae-o
La-cer'ta
La'de
La-ge'us
female)
La-be'ri-ua
Lac-e-ta'ni-a
La'des
La'gi-a
Lam-pe-ti'a (a
La-be 'rus
Lach'a-res
Lad-o-ce'a
Lag'i-dea
city)
La-bi'ci
La'ches
La'dou
La'gus
Lam-pe-ti'um
La-bi'cus, -mn
Lacli'e-sis
La-e'a
La-gu'sa
Lam'pe-tus
La-bi-e'nus
Lac'i-das
Lae'laps
La-gy'ra
Lam-po-ne'a,
Lab-i-ne'tus
Laci-de
Lse-li-a'nus
La-i'a-deS
Lam-po'ni-a, -urn
La-bo'bi-us
La-cin'i-a
Lse'li-us, -a
La'i-aa
Lam-po'ni-us
La-bob'ri-gi
La-cin-i-en'sis
Lse'na
La'is
Lam-prid'i-us
Lab-o-ri'ni
La-cin'i-um
Lse'nas
La'i-us
Lam'pro-cle8
La-bo'tas
La'co
Lee'ue-ua
Lnl'a-ge
Lamp'sa-cus -chum
La-bra'de-us
La-cob'ri-ga
Lse'pa
La-las'sis
Lamp-te'ri-a
La'bron
La-co'ne
La-er'tei
Lam'a-chu3
La'inus
La-by'cas
La-co'ni-a
La-er-ti'a-de*
La-mal'mon
Lam'y-rus, -a
550 LA LE LI LU LY
La-nas'sa
Lau-ren-ti'ni
Les-bo'us
Li'ger, or
Lu'ca-gus
Lan-ce'a
Lau-ren'ti-us
Les-tryg'o-nea
Lig'e-ris
Lu-ca'ni
Lan'ci-a
Lau-ren'tum
Les'u-ra
Lig'o-ras
Lu-ca'ni-a
Lan-go-bar'di
Lau-re'o-lus
Le-ta'num
Lig'u-res
Lu-can'i-cus
La-nu'vi-um
Lau'ron
Le-ths6'us
Li-gu'ri-a
Lu-ca'ni-ti3
La-o-bo'tas
La'us
Le'the
Lig-u-riuus
Lu-ca'nus
La-oe'o-on
Lau'sus
Le'tus
Li'gus
Lu-ca'ri-a
iLa-od'a-nias
Lau'ti-um
Leu'ca
Li-gus'ti-cus
Luc-ce'i-us
La-od-a-mi'a
La-ver'na
Leu-ca'di-a
Lig'y-es
Lu'ce-rea
La-od'i-ce
La-ver'ni-um
Leu-ca'ni
Li-gyr'gum
Lu-ce'ri-us, -a
La-od-i-ce'a
La-vi-a'na
Leu'cas
Li-te'a
Lu-ce'ti-us
La-od-i-ce'ne
La-vin'i-a
Leu-ca'si-on
Lil-y-bsB'um
Lu-ci-a'nus
La-od'o-chug
La-vin'i-um, or
Leu-cas'pis
Lil'y-be
Lu'ci-fer
La-og'o-nus
La-vi'num
Leu-ca'tes
Li-mae'a
Lu-cil'i-us
La-og'o-ras, -re
Laz'a-rus
Leu'ce
Li-me'ni-a
Lu-cil'la
-La-o-me-di'a
Le'a-dea
Leu'ci
Li-me'ra
Lu-ci'na
La-om'e-don
Le-8B'i
Leu-cip'pe
Lim-nse'um
Lu-ci'o-lus
La -om-e-don-te'us
Le-se'na
Leu-cip'pi-des
Lim-na-tid'i-a
Lu'ci-us
La-om-e-don-ti'a-
Le-an'der
Leu-cip'pus
Lim-ni'a-ce
Lu-cret'i-lis
des
Le-an'dre
Leu-co-ge'i
Lim-ni'a-des
Lu-cre'ti-us, -a
La-om-e-don'ti-us
Le-and'dri-as
Leu'co-la
Lim-ni-o'tse
Lu-cri'num
La-on'i-cus
Le-ar'chus
Leu'con
Lim-no'ni-a
Lu-cri'nus
La-on'o-me
Leb-a-de'a, -di'a
Leu-co'nes, -e
Lim-no-re'a
Luc-ta'ti-us
La-on-o-me'ne
Leb'e-dus, -dos
Leu-con'i-cus
Li'mon
Lu-cul'le-a
La-oth/o-e
Le-be'na
Leu-con'o-e
Li-mo'ne
Lu-cullus
La'o-us
Le-bin'thos
Leu-con'o-tus
Li-mo'num
Lu'cu-mo
Lap'a-thus
La-pe'thus
Laph'ri-a
Le-cb.ae'um
Lec'y-thus
Le'da
Leu-cop'e-tra
Leu-co-phry'ne
Leu'co-phrys
Li-my'ra
Lin-ca'si-i
Lin'di-us
Lu'cus
Lug-du'num
Lu'na
La-phy'ra
La-phys'ti-um
Le-dja'a
Le'dus
Leu-cop'o-lis
Leu'cos
Lin'go-nes
Lin-gon'i-cus
Lu-per'cal
Lu-per-ca'li-a
La-pid'e-us
Le'i-tua
JLeu-co'si-a
Lin-ter'num
Lu-per'cus, ci
Lap'i-thse
Le'laps
Leu-cos'y-ri
Li'nus
Lu'pi-as, or -a
Lap-i-thse'um
Lel'e-gefl
Leu-co-syr'i-i
Li'o-dea
Lu-po-du'num
Lap'i-tho
Le'lex
Leu-coth'o-e, or
Lip'a-ra, -e
Lu'pus, -pa
Lap'i-tlms
La r ra, or La-ran'da
Le-man'nus, -ma'-
nus
Xeu-co'the-a
Leu'cus
Lip-a-re'us
Lip'a-ris
Lu-si-ta'ni-a
Lu-si-ta'nua
La-reu'ti-a
Le-mo'vi-i
Leu-cy-a'ni-as
Lip-o-do'rus
Lu-so'nea
La'res
La-ri'des
Lem-o-vi'ces
Lem'u-rea
Leu-tycb.'i-dea
Le-va'na
Li-quen'ti-a
Lir-cse'us
Lus'tri-cus
Lu-ta'ti-ns
La-ri'na
Le-mu'ri-a,
Le-vi'nus
Li-ri'o-pe
Lu-te'ri-us
La-ri'num
Lem-u-ra'li-a
Lex-o'vi-a
Li'ris
Lu-to'ri-us
La-ris'sa
Le-nse'us
Lib'a-nsa
Li-sin'i-as
Ly-se'us
La-ris'sus
Len'tu-ius
Li-ba'ni-us
Lit'a-brum
LyTDas
La'ri-us
Le'o
Lib'a-ntis
Lit'a-na
Ly-bo'tus
La-ro'ni-a
Le-ob'o-tes
Lib-en-ti'na
Li-tav'i-cus
Lyb'y-a, or
Lar'ti-us
Le-o-ca'di-a
Li'ber
Li-ter'nuin
Ly-bis'sa
Lar-to-leet'a-ni
Le-och'a-rea
Lib'e-ra
Litb.-0-bo'li-a
Lyc'a-bas
La-rym'na
Le-o-co'ri-ori
Lib-e-ra'li-a
Li'thrus
Lyc-a-be'tus
La-rys'i-um
Le-oc'ra-tea
Li-ber'tas
Li-thu'bi-um
Ly-cae'a
Las'si-a
Le-od'a-mas
Li-be'thra
Lit-y-er'sas
Ly-cse'um
La'sus
Le-od'o-cus
Li-betb/ri-des
Li-vil'la
Ly-cae'us
Las'the-nes
Le-og'o-ras
Lib'i-ci
Liv-i-ne'i-us
Ly-cam'bea
Las-the-ni'a
Le'on
Lib-i-ti'na
Li'vi-us, -a
Lyc-am-be'us
Lat'a-gus
Le-o'na
Li'bo
Lix'us
Ly-ca'on
Lat-e-ra'nus
Le-o-na'tus
Li'bon
IJo'bon
Lyc-a-o'ni-a
La-te'ri-um
Le-on'i-das
Li-bon'o-tus
Lo'ce-ua
Ly-ca'o-nea
Latb/u-rus
La-ti-a'lis
Le-on'ti-um,
Le-on-ti'ni
Lib-0-pb.oe-ni'cea
Li'bri
Lo'cha
Lo-cb.a'gu3
Ly'cas
Ly-cas'te
La-ti-a'ris
La-tin'i-us
Le-on-to-cepli'a-
lus
Li-bur'na
Li-bur'ni-a
Lo'cbi-as
Loc'o-zus
Ly-cas'tum
Ly-cas'tus
La-ti'nus
Le-on'ton,
Li-bur'ni-des
Lo'cri
Ly'ce
La'ti-um
La'ti-us
La-to'i-a
Le-on-top'o-lis
Le-on-tycb-'i-des
Le-oph'o-ra
Li-bur'nus
Lib'y-a
Lib'y-cus
Lo'cris
Lo-cus'ta
Lo-cu'ti-us
Lyc'e-aa
Ly'cea
Ly-ce'um
La-to'bi-us
Le'o-pb.ron
Li'bys
Lo-gi'um
Ly-ce'us
La-tob'ri-gi
La-to'is
La-to'na
Le-op're-pes
Le-o-prep'i-dea
Le'os
Li-bys'sa
Lib-ys-si'nus
Li-bys'tis
Lol-li-a'nus
Lol'U-us, -a
Lon-di'num
Lych-ni'dua
Lyc'i-a
Lyc'i-das
La-top'o-lis
Lat-o-re'a
La-to'us
Le-os'the-nes
Le-o-tycli'i-de
Le-phyr'i-um
Lic'a-tea
Li'cha
Lich/a-dea
Lon-ga-re'nus
Lon-gim'a-nus
Lon-gi'nus
Ly-cim'na
Ly-cim'ni-a
Ly-cis'cus
La'tre-us
Lep'i-dus, -a
Li-cha'dea
Lon-go-bar'di
Lyc'i-us
La-tu'mi-se, or
La-to'mi-8
Le-pi'nus
Le-pon'ti-i
Li'cb.as
Li'ches
Lon-go'ne
Lon'gu-la
Lyc'o-a
Lyc-o-me'de
Lau-da'mi-a
Le'pre-O3
Li-cin'i-a
Lon-gun'ti-ca
Ly'con
Lau-do'ni-a
Lau-fel'la
Lau'ra
Le'pri-um
Lep'ti-nea
Le'ri-a
Li-cin'i-us
Lic'i-nus
Li-ci'nus
Lor'y-ma
Lo'tis, or -tos
Lo-toph/a-gi
Ly-co'ne
Ly-co'pes
Nyc'o-phron
Lau-re'a-cum
Le-ri'na
Li-cym'ni-us
Lo'us
Ly-cop'o-lis
Lau-ren-ta'li-a
Le'ro
Li'de
Lox'i-as
Ly-co'pus
Lau-ren'tes
Le'ros
Iii-ga'ri-us
Lu'a
Lyc-o-re'us,
Lau-ren-ti'a
Les-bo-ni'ctts
Li-ge'a
Lu'ca
Ly-co'ri-as
LY MA MA ME ME 551
Ly-co'ris
Ly-cor'mas
Lyd'i-as
Lyd'i-u9
Lyn-ces'ti-us
Lyn-ce'us
Lysan'der, -dra
Ly-sa'ni-as
Ly-sim'a-cliua
Lys-i-me-li'a, or -me*
Ly-cor'tas
Ly'dus
Lyn'ce-us
Ly'se
Ly-sin'o-e
Ly-cos'the-ne
Lyg'da-mis, or
Lyn-ci'des
Ly-si'a-des
Ly-sip'pus, -pe
Lyc-o-su'ra
-mus
Lyn'cua, -cse'us
Lys-i-a-nas'sa
Ly'sis
Ly-co'tas
Lyg'i-i
Lyr'ca)
Ly-si'a-nax
Ly-sis'tra-tua
Lyc-o-ze'a
Lyc-ur-gi'dea
Lyg-o-des'ma
Ly'gus
Lyr-cse'us
Lyr-ce'a
Lys'i-as
Lys'i-clea
Lys-i-tb.i'dea
Ly-sith'o-us
Ly-cur'gus
Lym'i-re
Lyr-ci'us
Ly-sid'i-ce
Ly'so
Ly'cus
Ly'max
Lyr'i-ce
Ly-sim'a-che
Ly-tae'a
Ly'de
Lyn-ces't8
Lyr-nes'sus
Lys-i-ma'chi-a
Lyx-e'a
Lyd'i-a
Lyn-ces'tea
Lyr'o-pe
Lys-i-mach'i-dea
Ly-za'ni-aa
M.
MA'Offi
Mset'o-na
Ma-nil'i-us, -a
Mar-sy'a-ba
Me-des-i-cas'to
Ma'car
Mse'vi-us, -a
Man'i-mi
Mar'sy-as
Me'di-a
Mac-a-re is
Ma'gas
Maii'li-us, -a
Mar-ti-a'lis
Me'di-as
Ma-ca're-us
Mag-do'lus
Man-sue'tus
Mar-ti-a'nus
Med'i-cus
Ma-ca'ri-a
Ma-gel'la
Man-te'um.
Mar-tig'e-na '
Me-di-o-la'unm
Mac'a-ris
Mag'e-tse
Man-ti-ne'a
Mar-ti'na
Me-di'o-lum
Mac'a-ron
Ma'gi
Man-ti-ne'us
Mar-tin-i-a'nus
Me-di-o-ma-tri'-
Ma-car'ta-tus
Ma'gi-a
Mau'ti-us
Mar'ti-us, -a
ces, or -ci
Ma-ced'nus
Ma'gi-ua
Vlan'tu-a
Ma-rullus
Me'di-on
Mac'e-do
Mag-nen'ti-us
VTar-a-can'da
Mas-33-syri-i
Me-di-ox'u-mi
Mac-e-do'ni-a
Mag-ne'si-a
VIar'a-tb.a
Mas-ce'zel
Med-i-tri'na
Mac-e-don'i-cus
Mag-ne'tea
Mar'a-thon
Mas'cli-on
Me-do'a-cus, or
Ma-cel'la
Ma'go
Mar'a-thcs
Mas-i-gi'ton
-du'a-cus
Ma'cer
Ma'gon
Vlar-cel-li'nus
Mas-i-nis'sa
Med-o-bith'y-ni
Ma-ce'ris
Mag-on-ti'a-cum
Mar-cel'lus, -a
Mas'sa-ga
3Ie-dob'ri-e;i
Mac'e-taa
Ma'gus
Vlar-ci-a'na
Mas-sag'e-taj
Me'don
Ma-chse'ra
Ma-her'bal
Mar-ci-a-nop'o-
Mas-sa'na
Me-don'ti-aa
Ma-chag'e-iii
Ma'i-a
lis
Mas-sa'ni
Me-do'res
Ma-chan'i-das
Ma-i-u'ma
Mar-ci-a'nus
Mas-si'cus
Med-u-a'na
Ma-cha'on
Ma'i-u-maa
Mar'ci-on
Mas-sil'i-a
Med'u-li
Ma-che'rua
Ma-jes'tas
Mar-ci'ta
Mas-sy'la
Me-dul'li-a
Ma'cra
Ma-jor'ca
Mar'ci-us, -a
Mas-sy'li
Med-ul-li'na
Ma-cri-a'nua
Ma-jo-ri-a'nus
Mar-co-man'ni
Mas-syl'i-us
Me'dus
Ma-cri'nua
Mak'a-reus
Mar-com'e-res
Mas-tram'e-la
Me-du'sa
Mac'ri-tus
Mal'a-ca or -ch.e
Mar'di-a
Ma-su'ri-us
Me-gab'i-zi
Ma'cro
Mal-ach-be'lus
Mar'do-nes
Ma-thi'on
Meg-a-by'zuo
Ma-cro'bi-i
Mal'cbi-on
Mar-do'ni-us
Ma'tho
Meg'a-cles
Ma-cro'bi-us
Ma-leTaa
Ma're-a, or -o'tis
Ma-ti-e'ni
Me-gac'li-des
Mac'ro-cliir
Ma-le'os
Ma-re-ot'i-cus
Ma-ti'nus
Me-gse'ra
Ma-cro'nes
Mal-e-ven'tum
Mar-ga-ri'ta
Ma-tis'co
Me-ga'le
Mae-ron-ti'chus
Mal'ho .
Mar-gin'i-a
Ma-traOi-a
Me-gale-as
Mac-rop-o-go'nes
Mac-ry-ne'a
Ma'li-a
Ma'li-i
Mar-gi-a'ni-a
War-gi'tea
Ma'tre-as
Mat'ro-na
Meg-a-le'si-a
Me-gali-a
Mac-to'ri-um
Ma'lis
Ma-ri'a
Mat-ro-na'li-a
Meg-a-lop'o-lia
Mac-u-lo'uua
Mal'le-a, or -li-a
Ma-ri'a-ba
Mat-ti'a-ci
Meg-a-me'de
Ma-dau'ra
Mal'li-us
Ma-ri-am'ne
Ma-tu'ce-t89
Meg-a-ni'ra
Ma-des'tes
Mal-loph'o-ra
Ma-ri-an-dy'ni
Ma-tu'ta
Meg-a-pen'tlies
Ma-de'tes
Ma-lo'dea
Ma-ri-an-dy'uum
Mat-u-ti'nus
Meg'a-ra
Ma-dre'ni
Mal-thi'nus
ila-ri-a'nus, -a
Mau'ri-cus
Meg'a-reus, or
Mad-u-at'e-ni
Ma-lu'ca
Mar'i-cus, -ca, -ci
Mau-ri-ta'ni-a
-ga're-us
Ma'dy-es
Mal-va'na
Ma-ri'nus, -na
Mau'rus, -i
Meg-a-re'us (adj.)
Mee-an'der
Ma-ma'us
Ma'ri-on
Mau-ru'si-a
M eg'a-ris
Mee-an'dri-a
Ma-mer'cus
Ma'ris
M au-ru'si-i
Me-gar'sua
Mae-ce'nas
Ma-mer'thes
Ma-ris'sa
Mau-so-le'um
Me-gas'the-nea
Mse'di
Mam-er-ti'na
Mar'i-sus
Mau-soli
Meg-a-ti'chua
Mse-dob-i-thy'ni
Mam-er-ti'ni
Ma-rit'i-ma
Mau-so'lus
Me'ges
Mse'li-us
Ma-mil'i-us, -a, -i
Ma'ri-us
Ma'vors
Me-gilla
Msem-ac-te'ri-a
Mam-me'a
Mar'ma-cus
Ma-vor'ti-a
Me-gis'ta
Msen'a-dea
Mam-mo'nas
Mar-ma-ren'ses
Max-en'ti-us
Me-gis'ti-a3
Msen'a-la
31 a-mu-ri-a'nus
Mar-mart-ca
Max-e'rse
Me-le'n*
Meen'a-lus
Ma-mu'ri-us
Mar-mar'i-83
Max-im-i-a'nus
Mel-am-pe'a
Mse'ni-us
Ma-mur'ra
Mar-ma'ri-on
Max-i-mil-i-a'na
Me-lam'pus
Maan-o-bo'ra
Ma-nse'thon
Ma'ro
Max-i-mi'nus
Mel-am-py'gea
Mse-nom'e-na
Ma-uas'ta-bal
Ma-ro-bu'du-i
Max'i-mus
Mela '
Mae'non
Man-ci'nus
Ma'ron
Maz'a-ca
Mel-an-chae'tea
Mae'nus
Man-da'nes, -e
Mar-o-ne'a
Maz'a-ces
Mel-an-cblae'ni
Mse-o'ni-a
Man-de'la
Mar-pe'si-a
Ma-zse'us
Me-lan'chrus
Mse'o-nes
Man-do'ni-us
Mar-pes'sa
Maz'a-res
Mel'a-ne
Mse-on'i-dse
Man'dro-cles
Mar-pe'sus
Maz'e-ras
Mel'a-neua
Mse-on'i-dea
Man-droc'li-das
Mar-ruT^i-i
Ma-zi'ces -zy'ges
Me-la'ni-a
Maa'o-nis
Man-du'bi-i
Mar-ru-ci'ni
Me'a-rus
Me-laii'i-da
Maj-o'tfe
Man-du-bra'ti-us
Mur-ru'vi-um, or
Me-cse'uas, -cce'nas
Me-la'ni-on
Mse-ot'i-cus
Man-du'ri-a
-bi-uin
Me-cha'ne-us
Mel-a-nip'pi-cte*
TMae-ot'i-dea
Man'e-ros
Mar-sse'us
Me-cis'te-us
M el-a-nip'pus, -e
Mae-o'tis
Ma'nes
Mar'sa-la
Mec'ri-da
Mel-a-no'pu3
Mse'si- a
Man'e-tho
Mar-sig'ni
Me-de'a
Mel-a-nos'y-ri
Mw'so'li
Ma'ui-a
Mars'pi-ter
Me'de-on
Me-lan'thi-i
552 MB MI MO MU MY
Me-lan'thi-us
Mer'me-ros
Mirf-te
Mce'ci-a
Mu-re'tus
Me-lan'thus, -tho
Merm'na-dffl
Mi-cy'thua
Moe'nus
Mur-gan'ti-
Me'las
Mer'mo-das
Mid-a-i'on
Moe'di
Mur-ra'nus
Mel-com'a-ni
Mer'o-e
Mi'das
M ce'on
Mur-rhe'nus
Me-le-a'ger
Mer'o-pe
Mi'e-za
Mo3-on'i-dea
Mur'ti-a
Me-le-ag'/i-dea
Mer'o-pis
Mi-la'ni-on
Mce'ra
Mu'sa
Mel-e-san'der
Me'rops
Mi-le'si-us, -i
Mce-rag'e-tea
Mu-S'U3
Me'lea
Me'ros
Mi-le'ti-a
Moa'ris
Mu-sag'e-tes
Mel'e-se
Mer'u-la
Mi-le'ti-um
Mce'si-a
Mu-se'a
Mel-e-sig'e-nea
Me-sab'a-tes
Mi-le'tus
Mo-gun'ti-a
Mu-se'um
or -na
Me-sa'bi-us
Mil'i-as
Mo-gy'ni
Mu-so'ni-us
Mel'e-te
Me-sa'pi-a
Mil'i-chus
Mo-li'a, -le'a
Mus-te'la
Me'li-a
Me-sau'bi-us
Mi-li'nus
Mo-li'on
Mu'ta
Me-lib'o-cus
Me-sem'bri-a
Mil-i-o'ni-a
Mo-li'o-ne
Mu-thul'lu3
Mel-i-bce'us, -a
Me-se'ne
Mil-iz-i-ge'ris
Molo
Mu-ti'ca
Mel-i-cer'ta
Me-sob'o-a
Milo
Mo-loa'is
Mu-til'i-a
Mel'i-chus
Mes-o-me'dea
Mi-lo'ni-us
Mo-lor'chus
Mu'ti-na
Meli-e
Mes-o-po-ta'uii-a
Mil-ti'a-dea
Mo-los'sia, or -sis
Mu-ti'na
Mel-i-gu'nia
Mes-sab'a-tae
Mil'vi-us
Mo-los'sus, -i
Mu-ti'ne
Me-li'na
Mes-sa'la
Mil'y-as
Mol-pa'di-a
Mu-ti'nus
Mel'i-nus
Mes-sa-li'nus, -a
Mi-mallo-nea
Mo'lus
Mu'ti-us, -a
Mel'i-se
Mes-sa'na
Mi'mas
Mol-y-cre'um
Mu-tu'nus
Me-lis'sus, -sa
Mes-sa'pi-a
Mim-ne'dus
Mo-lyc'ri-a
Mu-tus'coa
Mel'i-ta, or -te
Mes-sa'pus
Mim-ner'mu3
Mo-lyc'ri-on
Mu-ze'ris
Mel-i-te'na, -ne
Mes'sa-tis
Min'ci-us
Mo-ly'rus
My-a'grus
Mel'i-tus
Mes-se'is
Min'da-rus
Mo-mem'phi3
Myc'a-le
Me'li-us
Mes-se'ne, or -na
Mi-ne'i-dea
Mo'mus
Myc-a-les'sus
Mel-ix-an'drus
Mes-se'ni-a
Mi-ner'va
Mo'na
My-ce'nse
Me-lob'o-sia
Mes'o-a
Min-er-vali-a
Mon-a-chi'um
Myc-e-ri'nus
Me' Ion
Mes-so'gis
Min'i-o
Mo-nse'sea
Myc-i-ber'na
Me'los
Me-sula
Min-nse'i
Mo-ne'sus
Myc'i-thua
Mel'pi-a
Met'a-bus
Mi-no'a
Mo-ne'ta
My'con
Mel-pom'e-ne
Met-a-git'ni-a
Mi-no'is
Mon'i-ca
Myc'o-ne, or -HOB
Me-mac'e-ni
Met'a-gon
Mi'nos
Mon'i-mus, -ma
My'don
Mem'rni-us, -a
Mem'no-nes
M et-a-rnor-pho'sis
Met-a-ni'ra
Min-o-tau'ru3
Min-tur'nse
Mon-o-dac'ty-lus
Mon'o-dus
My-ec'pho-ris
My-e'nus
Mem-no-ni'um
Mem-no'ni-us
Met-a-pon-ti'ni
Met-a-pon'tum
Mi-nu'ti-us, a
Min'y-83
Mo-noe'cus
Mo-no'le-us
Myg'a-le
Myg'do-nea
Mem-phi'tis, -tea
Met-a-pon'tus
Min'y-as
Mon'o-mus
Myg-do'ni-a
Me'na, or -nea
Me-tau'rus
Min'y-cus
Mo-nopb'a-ge
Myg-do'nus
Me-nal'cas
Me-te'lis
Mi-ny'i-a
Mo-noph'i-ius
My-i'a-grus
Me-nal'ci-das
Me-tel'la
Min'y-tus
Mo-nos'ce-li
My-las'sa
Men-a-lip'pus, -pe
Me-tellus, -la
Mir'a-ces
Mon-o-the-li'tse
My'le, or -I:v9
Me-nan'der
Me-temp-sy-cho'
Mis'ce-ra
Mon-ta'nus
My'les
Men-an-dre'us
sis
Vli-se'num
Mon'y-chus
My-lit'ta
Men'a-pi
Met-e-re'a
Wi-se'nus
Mon'y-mus
Myn'do-ne
Me-na'pi-i
Meth'a-na
Mis-ge'tea
Mo'phis
My'nes
Men'a-pis
Me-thar'nia
Mi-sith'e-us
Mop'si-um
Myn'i-se
Me'nas
\te-thi'on
Mith-ra-cen'sea
Mop-so'pi-a
My'o-nea
Men-che'rea
He-tho'di-us
Mith-ra-da'tea
Mop'so-pus
Bly-o-ne'sus
Me-ne'cles
MEe-tho'ne
Mi'thras
Mop-su-es'ti-a
My-o'ni-a
Men-e-cli'dea
Meth'o-ra
Mi-thre'nea
Mor-gan'ti-ura
My'ra
Men-e-co'lus
Me-nec'ra-tea
He-thyd'ri-um
He-thym'na
Mith-ri-da'iea, -tis
Mith-ro-bar-za'nes
Mor-ge'tes
Mor-i-me'ne
Myr'a-ce
Myr'ge-tce
Men-e-de'mus
Me-ti-a-du'sa
Mit-y-le'ne
Mor'i-ni
My-ri'ce
Me-neg'e-tas
Me-tilis
Mi'tys
Mo-ri-tas'gus
My-ri'cus, -ca
Men-e-la-i'a
He-til'i-us, -a, -i
Mi-zse'i
Mo'ri-us
Myrt-o
Men-e-la'us
He-ti'o-chus
Mna-sal'cea
Mor'phe-us
Myr-i-on'y-ina
Me-ne'ni-us
Me'ti-on
Mna'se-as
Mo'rys
Myr-le'a
Men'e-phron
Me'tis
VInas'i-cles
Mo'sa
VTyr-mec'i-deo
Me'nea
Me-nes'the-us,
Me-tis'cus
Me'ti-us
tfna-sip'pi-daa
Mna-sip'pus
Mos'chi-on
Mos-cho-pulus
Vlyr-me'ci-uni
Hyr-mid'o-nea
Me-nes'te-us
Vte-toe'ci-a
VIna-sith'e-ua
Mo-sel'la
l^y'ron
Me-nes'thi-us
Me'ton
Vlna'son
Mo-sea
Hy-ro-ni-a'nus
Men'e-tas
tfet'o-rea
Vtria-sy'lus
Mo-sych'lus
Hj-ron'i-des
Me-nip'pi-dea
Me'tra
Vlna-syr'i-um
Mos-y-nse'ci
Vly-ro'nus
Me-nip'pus, -pa
VIe-tra-gyr'te
Mne-mi'um
Mo-sy'ni
idyr'rhi-nus
Me'ni-us
Me-tro'a
ilne'mon
Mo-tho'ne
Vlyr'si-lus
Me-nod'o-tus
Me-tro'bi-us
Mne-mos'y-ne
Mo-ti-e'ni
Vlyr'si-nus
Me-noe'ce-us
yiet'ro-cles
Mne-sar'chus
Mo-ty'a
Myr'ta-le
Me-noe'tes
tfet-ro-do rus
Mues-i-bu'lus
Mo'y-ses
Myr'te-a
Men-oe-ti'a-dea
VIe-tropli'a nea
Mnes-i-la'us
Mu-ci-a'nus
Myr'ti-lus
Me-noa'ti-us
tte-trop'o-lis
Mne-sim'a-chus,
Mu'ci-us
Hyr-to'um
Me'non
VIet'ti-us
-che
Mu'crae
Hyr-tun'ti-um
Me-noph'i-lua
Me-tu'lum
Mne-sith'e-us
Mul'ci-ber
idyr-tu'sa
Men-tis'sa
Me-va'ni-a
Mines'the-u^
Mu-lu'cha
kTys-cel'lus
Men'to-rea
Me'vi-us
Miies'ti-a
Mul'vi-us
Hys'i-a
Me-nyllus
Me-zen'ti-us
Mne'vis
Mum'mi-us
kly-so-ma-ced'o-ne
Me-phi'tis
Vli-a-co'rus
Mo-a-pbcr'uea
Mu-na'ti-us
My'son
Me'ra
Mic-co-tro'gus
Mo-cor'e-tse
Mu-ni'tus
Vlyth'e-cus
Mer-ce-di'nus
Mi-ce'a
Mo-des'tus
Mu-nych'i-a
Myt-i-le'ne
Mer-cu'ri-us
Mi-celce
Mo'di-a
Mu-nych'i-89
My 'us
Me-ri'o-nea
Mi-cip'sa
Mo'don-us
Mu-rse'na
NA 00 OO 00 00 653
N.
NAB-AR-ZA'NES
Ne-eer'a
Ne-re'i-us
Ni-cop'o-lis
No-ti'ura
Nab-a-tbse'a
Ne-ae'thus
Ne're-us
Ni-cos'tra-tvis, -ta
No'tus
Nab'a-tbes
Ne-al'ces
Ne-ri-e'ne
Nic-o-te-le'a
No-va'ri-a
Na'bis
Ne-al'i-ces
Ner'i-phus
Ni-cot'e-le3
No-va'tus
Nac'o-le
Ne-an-dri'a
Ne-ri'ta3
Ni'ger
Nov-em-pa'cri
Nac'o-ne
Ne-an'thes
Ner'i-tos
Ni-giii'i-us
Nov-em-pop'u-lis
Na-dag'a-ra
Nse'ni-a
Nse'vi-us, -a
Ne-ap'a-phoa
Ne-ap'o-lis
Ne-ar'chua
Ne'ri-us
Me'ro
Ne-ro'ni-a
Ni-gre'tes
Ni-gri'taa
Ni-la'mon
No-vem'si-les
Nov'e-rus
No-ve'si-r.m
Naev'o-lus
Ne-bro'des
Ner-to-brig'i-a
Nil'e-us
No-vi-o-du'iii;m
Na-ge'ri
Ne-broph'o-noa,
Ner'u-lum
Ni-li'a-cus
No-vi-om'a-gus
Na-har'va-li
-nus
Ner'va
Ni-lo'tis
No'vi-um
Na-i'a-dea
Neb'u-la
Ner'vi-i
Ni'lus
No'vi-us
Na'i-as
Ne'chos
Ne-sse'a
Nin'i-ve
Nov-o-co'mmn
Na'i-cus
Na'is
Ne-crop'o-lis
Nec-ta-ue'bus,
Ne-si'des
Ne-sim'a-chus
Nin'i-as
Nin'ni-us
No-voia'a-gua
Nu-ce'ri-a
Na-is'sus
Nec-tan'a-bia
Ne-si-o'pe
Nin'o-e
Nu-ith'o-nes
Nam-ne'tea
Nec-ti-be're
Ne'sis
Ni'nus
Nu'ina
Na-pas'ee
Ne-cys'i-a
Ne-so'pe
Nin'y-as
Nu-ma'na
Na-pa'ta
Ne'is
Nes'pe-tos
Ni'o-be
Nu-mau'ti-a
Na-pefeua
Ne-i't89
Nes-so'nis
Ni-phffi'us
Nu-mau-ti'nus,
Napb'il-hi3
Ne'le-us
Nes'to-cles
Ni-pbatea
-na
Nar-bo'na
Ne-li'dea
Nes-tor'i-des
Ni'pbe
Nu-ma'nus
Nar-bo-nen'sis
Ne'lo
Nes-to'ri-us
Nir'e-us
Nu'me-nea
Nar-ca3'us
Ne-me'a (games)
Ne'tum
Ni'sa
Nu-me'ni-a
Nar-ce'a
Ne'me-a (town)
Ne'u-ri
Ni-sse'a
Nu-me'ni-us
Nar-cis'sus
Ne-me-si-a'uus
Ni-cee'a
Ni-sse'e
Nu-me-ri-a'nus
Nar'ga-ra
Neiu'e-sis
Ni-csen'e-tus
Ni-se'i-a
Nu-me'ri-us, -a
Na-ris'ci
Ne-me'si-us
Ni-cag'o-ras
Nis'i-bis
Nu-mic'i-us
Nar'ni-a, or
Nem'e-tea
Ni-can'der
Ni-so'pe
Nu-ini'cus
Nar'na
Ne-me'us
Ni-ca'nor
Ni'sua
Nu'mi-da
Nar-the'ci.3
Nem-o-ra'li-a
Ni-car'chus
Ni-sy'ros, -rns
Nu-mid'i-a
Na-ryc'i-a
Ne-mos'sus
Ni-car'e-te
Ni-te'tis
Nu-mid'i-us
Nas'a-mon
Ne-o-bu'le
Nic-ar-thi'dea
N it-i-ob'ri-g cs
Nu-mis'tro
Isas-a-mo'nes
Ne-o-cses-a-re'a
Ni-ca'tor
Ni-to'cris
Nu'ini-tor
Kas'ci-o, or
Ne-ocb.'a-bis
Ni-cat'o-ria
Nit'ri-a
Nu-mi-to'ri-us
Na'ti-o
Ne'o-cles
Ni'ce
Ni-va'ri-a
Nu-mo'ni-us
Na-si'ca
Ne-o-cli'des
Nic'e-a
No'as
Nun-co're-us
Na-sid-i-e'nus
Ne-o-co'ru3
Nic-e-pho'ri-um
Noc-ti-lu'ca
Nun'di-na
.Na-sid'i-us
Ne-og'e-nes
Nic-e-pbo'ri-ue
No-di'nus
Nur'sci-a
Na'so
Is T e-om'a-gus
Ni-ceph'o-rus
No-e'mou
Nur'si-a
Na'sus
Ne-o-me'ni-a
Ni'cer
No'la
Nu'tri-a
Nas'u-a
Ne-om'o-ris
Ni-cer'a-tus
No-la'nus
Nyc-te'is
Na-ta'li-a
Ne'on
Nic'e-ros
Nom'a-des
Nyc-te'li-us, &
Nau'bo-lua
Ne-on-ti'cbus,
Ni-ce'tas
No'mae
Nyc'te-us
Nau'cles
-cbos
Nic-e-te'ri-a
Nom-en-ta'nus
Nyc'ti-lus
Nau'cra-tes
Ne'o-phron
Nic'i-a
No-men'tura
Nyc-tim'e-ne
Nau'cra-tis
Ne-op-tol'e-mus
Nic'i-as
No-mi'on
Nyc'ti-mus
Nau-cy'des
Nau'lo-cbus
W e'o-ris
Ne-o'the-us
Ni-cip'pus, -pe
Ni'co
No'mi-us, -i
No-moph'y-lax
Nym-bce'um
Nym-pbre'um
Nau-pac'tus, or
-turn
Ne'pe
Nep'e-te
N ic-o-bulus
Ni-cocb'a-res
No-motli'e-tae
Non-a-cri'nus
Nym-pbfB'us
Nym-pbia'i-ug
Nau'pli-a
Nau-pli'a-des
Ne-pba'li-a
Nepb'e-le, -le'is
Nic'o-cles
Ni-coc'ra-tes
No-na'cris
No'ni-us
Nym-pho-do'rua
Nym-pbo-lep'fce
Nau'pli-us
Nau-por'tus
Neph-e-ri'tes
Ne'phus
Ni-co'cre-on
I*>ic-o-de'niu3
Non'ni-u3
N o'nus
Nym-phom'a-ues
Nyp'si-us
Naa'ra
Ne'pi-a
Nic-o-do'rus
No'pi-a
Ny'sa
Nau-sic'a-a
Ne'pos
Ni-cod'ro-mu3
No'ra
Ny-sae'us
Nau-sic'a-o
Ne-po-ti-a'nua
Nic-o-la'u3
No'rax
Ny'sas
Nau'si-cles
Nep-tu'ni-a
Ni-com'a-clius,
Nor-ba'nus
Ny-se'um
Nau-sim'e-ne
Nep-tu-rii'iie
-cha
No-ric'i-i
Ny-se'i-um
.Ttfau-si-ni'cus
Nep-tu'ni-uru
Nic-o-rae'des
Nor'i-cum
Ny-si'a-dc
Nau-sith'o-us, -e
Nep-tu'ni-us
Nic-o-uie-di'a
Nor-tbip'pus
Nys'i-a3
JSTau'tes
Nep-tu'nus
Ni'cun
Nor'ti-a
Nys'i-as
Na'va
Na'vi-us
Ne-re'i-des
Ne-re'is, or
Ni-co'iii-a
Ni-coph'o-nes
Nos-o-co-mi'um
Nos'o-ra
Ny-sig'c-na
Ny-si'ros
Nax'oa
Ke're-is
Nic'o-pkrou
No'tbus
Nys'i-ua
0.
O-A'EI-ON
Ob'ri-mo
0-ce-an-i'tis
O-che'ni-ua
O-crid'i-oa
O-ar'se*
Ob'se-quens
O-ce'suiius
O-che'si-ii3
O- cris'i-a
O a-ru3
Ob-vd-tro'ni-us
O-ce'i-a
Ocb'ro-ua
Oc-ta-cil'li-us
O'a-si3
O-ca'le-a, -li-a
O-ce'lis
O'cbus
Oc-ta-vi-a'uus
O-ax'e
O-ce'a-na
O-cel'lu
Och-y-ro'ma
Oc-ta'vi-us, -a
O-ax'us
O-ce-an'i-des
Oc'e-luou
O-co'lutn
Oc-to-ge'sa
Ob'-da
0-ce-an-it'i-de
O'cha
0-cric'u-lmn
Oc-tol'o-pkum
554 00 P& PA PA PA
O-cy'a-lus
O-ic'le-us
O-ni'um
O-re'a-des
Or-sip'pua
O-cyp'e-te
O-il'e-us
On'o-ba
O're-as
Or'ta-lus
O-cyr'o-e
O-i-li'dea
On-o-cho'nus
O're-os
Or-thse'a
Od-e-na'tus
Ol'a-ne
On-o-mac'ri-tus
Or-e-sit'ro-phus
Or-thag'o-ras
O-des'sus
0-la'nus
On-o-mar'chus
O-res'tse
Or'the
O-de'um
Ol-be'lus
On-o-mas-tor'i-
O-res'tea
Or'thi-a
O-di'nus
Ol'bi-a
des
O-res'te-um
Or-tho'sis
0-di'tea
Ol'bi-us
On-o-mas'tus
Or-es-ti'dse
Or'thrus
Od-o-a'cer
O-do'ca
Ol-chin'i-um
O-le'a-ros,
On'o-phas, -phis
On-o-san'der
Or-es-tU'la
Or'e-t83
Or-to'na
Or-tyg'i-a
Od-o-man'ti
Od'o-nes
Ol'i-ros
O-le'a-trum
O-nug'na-thus
O-ny'thes
Or-e-ta'ni
Or-e-til'i-a
Or-tyg'i-us
O'rus
Od'ry-s
Olen
O-pali-a
O're-us
0-ry-an'der
Od-ys-se'a
Od-ys-se'um
Ol'e-nus, -num
O-le-o'rus
O-pel'i-cus
O-phe'as
Or'ga-na
Or-ges'sum
O-ry'us
O'ryx
CE-ag'a-rus,
CE'a-ger
(E'a-grus
Ol'e-rus
Ol'ga-sys
01-i-gyr'tis
O-phe'las
O-phel'tes
O-phen'sis
Or-get'o-rix
O-rib'a-sus
Or'i-coa
O-sa'cea
Os-cho-pho'ri-a
Os'ci-us
CE-an'thae,
O-lin'i-83
O-phi'a-des
Or'i-cum, -cua
O'si
(E-an'thi-a
O-lin'thus
O'phi-as
O'ri-ena
O-sin'i-us
CE-an-the'a
CE'ax
Ol-i-tin'gi
O-li'zoii
O-phi-o'des
O-phi-og'e-nes
Or'i-gen
O-rig'e-nes
O-si'ris
O-sis'mi-i
(E-bali-a
Ol'li-us
O-phi'on
O-ri'go
Os'pha-gus
CEb'a-lus
01-lov'i-co
O-phi'o-nes
0-ri'ne
Os-rho-e'ne
CEb'a-rea
01'mi-8B
O-phi-o'ne-us
O-ri'nus
Os-te-o'dea
CE-bo'tas
CE-cha'li-a
Ol-mi'us
Ol-mo'nea
O'phis
Oph-i-te'a
0-ri-ob'a-tes
O-ri'on
Os'ti-a
Oa-ti-o'nea
CE'cle-us
Ol-o-phyx'us
O-phi'tea
O-ris'sus
Os-to'ri-us
CE-cli'dea
Ol'o-rus
O-phi-u'chua
Or-i-sul'la
Os-tra-ci'ne
CE-cu-me'ni-us
01-ym-pe'ne
O 'phi-us
0-ri'tse
Os-trog'o-thi
CEd'i-pus
O-lym'pe-um
O-phi-u'sa
O-rith'i-as
Os-y-man'dy-aa
(E'me
0-lym'pi-a
O-phlo'nes
O-rith-y-i'a
Ot'a-ces
CE-nan'thea
CE'ne
Ol-ym-pi'a-dea
O-lym'pi-as
Oph-ry-ne'um
Op'i-ci
Or-i-thy'os
O-rit'i-as
Ot-a-cil'i-us
O-ta'nea
(E'ne, -a
O-lym'pi-cus
O-pig'e-na
O-ri-un'dus
Oth'ma-rus
CE-ne-o'ne
O-lym-pi-e'um
O-pil'i-us
O-ri'us
O'tho
(E'ne-us
O-lym-pi-o-do'rus
O-pim-i-a nus
Or'me-nus
O-thro'nus
CE-ni'dea
O-lym-pi-o-ni'ces
O-pim'i-us
Or'ne-a
O-thry'a-dea
CEn'o-e
O-lym'pi-us
O'pis
Or-ne'us
Oth-ry-o'ne-us
CE-nom'a-us
O-lym'pus
Op-is-thoc'o-mse
Or-ni'thon
O'thrys
CE'non
Ol-ym-pu'sa
Op'i-ter
Or'ni-tus
O-thrys'i-us
(E-no'na
O-lyn'thus
Op-i-ter-gi'ni
Or-nos'pa-dea
O'tre-us
CE-no'ne
O-ly'ras
O-pi'tea
Or-nyt'i-on
O-trce'da
CE-no'pi-a
O-ly'zon
Op'o-is
Or-o-an'da
Ot-ryn-ti'des
CE-nop'i-des
O-ma'ri-us
O-po'pe-ua
Or'o-ba
Ot-to-roc'o-rs3
CE-no'pi-on
Om'bri-ci
O-por'i-nua
O-ro'bi-a
O'tus
CE-no'tri
Om^ri-os
Op-pi-a'nus
O-ro'bi-i
O'tys
CE-no'tri-a
Om-bro'nea
Op-pi d'i-us
Or'o-bis
O-vid'i-us
CE-no'trus
Om'o-le
Op'pi-us, -a
O-ro'dea
O-vin'i-us, -a
CE-nu'ssB
Om-o-pha'gi-a
O-pun'ti-a
O-roa'tea
Ox-ar'tea
CE'o-nus
Om'pha-ce
O'pus
O-rom'e-don
Ox-i'se
CEr'o-e
Om'pha-le
O'ra
O-ron'tas
Ox-id'a-tea
CE-sy'me
Om'pha-los
O-rac'u-lum
O-ron'tes
Ox'i-me
CE'ta
O-nse'um
O-ree'a
O-ron-te'us
Ox-i'o-nsa
CEt'y-lus, -lum
0-fpl'lus
On'a-ger
O-na'rus
Or'a-sus
Or-belus
Or-o-pher'nea
O-ro'pus
Ox'us
Ox-y'a-rea
O'fi
O-nas'i-mus
Or-bil'i-us
Or'o-sa
Ox-y-ca'nus
Og-dol'a-pis
O-na'tas
Or-bo'na
O-ro'si-us
Ox-yd'ra-C33
Og-do'rus
On-ce'um
Or'ca-des
O-ros'pe-da
Ox'y-lus
Og'e-nos
On-ches'tus
Or-cha'lis
Or'phe-us, or
Ox-y-ne'a
O-glo'sa
On'cho-e
Or'cha-mus
-pheus
Ox-y-o'pum
Og'mi-us
O-go'a
0-ne'i-on
On-e-sic'ri-tus
Or-ohis-te'ne
Or-chom'e-nus,
Or r phi-tus
Or-sfid'i-ce
Ox-yn'thea
Ox-yp'o-rus
O-gul'ni-a
Og'y-ges
O-gyg'i-a
O-nes'i-mus
On-e-sip'pus
O-ne'si-us
-num
Or-ci'nus
Or-cyn'i-a
Or-se'is
Or-sil'lus
O-sil'o-chua
Ox-y-ryn-chi'tfi9
Ox-y-ryn'chus
O-zi'nea
O-gyg'i-dce
On-e-tor'i-dea
Or-des'sus
Or-si'nea
Oz'o-lae, or -li
Og'y-ris
O-ni'on
Or-do-vi'cea
P.
PA-CA-TI-A'NUS
Pacu'vi-us
Pse'on
Pa^'a-sus
Pa-lseph'a-tua
Pac'ci-us
Pa-de'i, -de'i
Pse'o-nea
Pa'gne
Pa-laep'o-lis
Pa'ches
Pad'u-a
Pse-o'ni-a
Pa'gus
Pa-laas'te
Pa-chi'nus
Pa'dus
Pse-on'i-dea
Pa-la'ti-um
Pal-ses-ti'na
Pa-co'ni-us
Pa-du'sa
Paa'o-plsB
Pa-lse'a
Pal-33S-ti'nu3
Pac'o-rus
Pae'an
Pse'sos
Pa-lse-ap'o-lis
Pa-leet'y-rua
Pac'ti-a
Pse-a'nea
Paa-to'vi-um
Pa-leeb'y-blus
Pal-a-ine'de
Pac-to'lus
Pee-dar'e-tus
Pee'tus
Pa-laB'mon
Pa-lan'ti-a
Pac'ty-as
Pee'di-us
Pa-ga'ni
Pa-lsep'a-phos
Pa-lan'ti-um
Pac'ty-ea
Pse-ma'ni
Pag'a-see, or -sa
Pa-lreph-ar-sa'lus
Pal-a-ti'nua
PA PA PE PE PH 655
Pa-le'a
Pan-ta'gi-a
Pas-i-pe'da
Pe-lo'ri-a
Per-rb.83'bi-a
Pa'le-ia, or
Pa'la
Pan-tag-nos'tus
Pan-ta'gy-as
Pa-siph'a-e
Pa-siph'i-le
Pe-lo'rum, or
-rus
Per-se'is
Per-sse'u3
Pa'les
Pan-ta'le-on
Pa-sith'e-a
Pe-lu'si-um
Per-se'e
Pal-fu'ri-us
Pan-tau'clius
Pa-sith'o-e
Pe-na'tes
Per-se'is
Pa-lib'o-tlira
Pan'te-us
Pa-sit'i-gris
Pen-da'li-um
Per-sepb'o-ne
Pa-li'ce
Pan-the'a
Pas'sa-ron
Pe-ne'i-a,
Per-sep'o-lis
Pa-li'ci, or
Pan'the-on
Pas-se-ri'nus
Pe'ne-is
Per'se-us
-lis'ci
Pan'the-us
Pas-si-e'nua
Pe-ne'i-us
Per'si-a
Pa-lil'i-a
Pan-thi-ca-pa3'um
Pat'a-ge
Pe-ne'li-us
Per'si-u3
Pa-li'lis
Pan'thi-des
Pat'a-lus
Pe-nel'o-pe
Per'ti-nax
Pa-lin'dro-mos
Pan-tbo'i-dea
Pat'a-ra
Pe-ne'us
Pe-ru'si-a
Pal-i-nu'rus
Pan'tbo-us
Pat-a-vi'nus
Pen'i-das
Per-u-si'nua
Pal-is-co'rum
Pan-tic'a-pes
Pa-ta'vi-um
Pen-tap'o-lis
Pes-cen'ni-us
Pa-li-u'rus
Pan-til'i-us
Pa-te'rae
Pen-tap'y-lon
Pes-si'nu3
Pal-lac'o-pas
Pan-tol'a-bus
Pa-ter'cu-lus
Pen-ta'thlum
Pet'a-le
Pal'la-des
Pa-ny'a-si3
Pat-i-zi'tnea
Pen-te-dac'ty-lon
Pe-ta'li-a
Pal-la'di-um
Pa-ny'a-sus
Pa'traa
Pen'te-le
Pet'a-lus
Pal-la'di-us
Pa-pse'us
Pa'tro
Pen-tel'i-cus
Pe-te'li-a
Pal-lan-te'um
Pa-pha'gea
Pat'ro-bas
Pen-the-si-le'a
Pet-e-li'nu3
Pal-lan'ti-as
Pa'phi-us, -a
Pa-tro'clea
Pen'the-us
Pe'te-on
Pal-lan'ti-des
Paph'la-gon
Pa-tro'cli
Pen-thi'dea
Pe'te-us
Pal-lan'ti-on
Paph-la-go'ni-a
Pat-ro-cli'dea
Pen'tM-lus
Pe-til'i-i
Pal-le'ne
Pa'phos
Pa-tro'clus
Pen'thy-lus
Pe-til'i-us, -a
Pal-mi'sos
Pa'phus
Pa'tron
Pep-a-re'tb.03
Pet-o-si'ria
Pal-my'ra
Pa-pi-a'nus
Pa-tro'ua
Pe-pbre'do
Pe'tra
Pal'pe-tus
Pa'pi-as
Pa-tul'ci-us
Pe-raa'a
Pe-trae'a
Pal-phu'ri-us
Pa-pin-i-a'nus
Fau-li'nus, -a
Per-a-sip'pus
Pe-tre-i'ua
Pal-um-bi'num
Pa-pin'i-ua
Pau'lus, -a
Per'a-tus
Pe-tri'num
Pam'me-nea
Pa-pir'i-us, -a
Pau-sa'ni-as
Per-co'pe
Pe-tro'ni-us, -a
Pam'pbi-lus
Par-a-bys'ton
Pau'si-as
Per-co'si-u3
Pet'ti-us
Pam'phy-la
Par-a-cbel-o-i'tee
Pau-si-li'pon
Per-co'te
Peu'ce
Pam-phyl'i-a
Par-a-di'sus
Pa'ror
Per-dic'cas
Peu-ced'a-noa
Pam-pb.y'113
Pa-rset'a-cse
Pe'as
Pe-ren'na
Peu-ces'tea
Pan-a-ce'a
Par-se-to'ui-i
Pe-da'ci-a
Pe-ren'nis
Peu-ce'ti-a
Pan'a-cra
Par-ce-to'ni-um
Pe-dse'ua
Pe're-us, or
Peu-ce'ti-i
Pe-nae'ti-us
Par'a-li
Pe-da'ni
Pe'reus
Peu-ci'ni
Pan'a-res
Par'a-lus
Pe-da'ni-us
Per-ga'me-us
Peu-co-la'ua
Pa-nar'e-tua
Par-a-po-ta'mi-a
Ped'a-sa
Per'ga-mus
Pex-o-do'rus
Pan-a-ris'te
Pa-ra'si-us, -a
Ped'a-sus
Per'ga-se
Phaa'a
Pan-atb-e-nse'a
Par'e-dri
Pe-di'a-dis
Pe-ri-an'der
Pbee-a'cea
Pan-chse'a,
Pa-ren-ta'li-a
Pe-di-a'nus
Pe-ri-ar'chus
Pbse-a'ci-a
-cha'i-a
Pa-ret'ro-nea
Pe'di-as
Per-i-boe'a
Pbaa'ax
fan-cra'ti-um
Pa'ris
Pe'di-ua
Pe-rib'o-lus
PhEed'i-mus
Pan'da-ma
Pa-ris'a-des
Pe'do
Per-i-bo'mi-us
Phaa'don
Pan-da'ri-a
Pa-ris'i-i
Pe'dum
Per'i-cles
Pbas'dra
Pan'da-rus
Par'i-sus
Pe'ge
Per-i-clym'e-nus
Phse'dri-a
Pan-da-ta'ri-a
Pa'ri-um
Pe-gas'i-dea
Pe-ri-e-ge'tea
Phnfi'drna
Pan'da-tea
Pa'ri-us
Peg'a-sis
Pe-ri-e'res
Pbsed'y-ma
Pan-de'mi-a
Par'me-nas
Peg'a-sus
Pe-rig'e-nea
Pbaa-mon'o-e
Pan-de'mus
Par-men'i-des
Pe-la'gi-us
Pe-rig'o-ne
Pbse-nag'o-re
Pan-di'a
Par-me'ni-o
Pel'a-gon
Per-i-la'us
Pha3-nar'e-te
Pan-di'on
Par'me-no
Pe-lag'o-nes
Per-i-le'us
Pba3'ni-as
Pan-di'o-nis
Par-na'sus
Pe-lar'ge
Pe-ril'li-us
Pha3n-o-me'ria
Pan-do-chl'uin
Par-nas'sus
Pe-las'gi
Pe-ril'lus, -la
Pbaa-oc'o-mea
Pan-do'ra
Par-nes'sus
Pe-las'gi-a,
Per-i-me'de
Phses'a-na
Pan-do'si-a
Pa'ron
-gi-o'tis
Per-i-me'la
Pha'e-thon
Pan'dro-sos
Par-opam'i-sus
Pe-las'gus
Per-i-me'le
Pha-e-tbon-te'us
Pa'ne-as
Par-o-re'i-a
Pel'a-tea
Per-i-mel'i-dea
Pha-e-tbon'ti-us
Pa-neg'y-ris
Pa'ros
Pe-le'cea
Pe-rin'tbus
Pha'e-ton
Pan'e-lus
Par-rba'si-a
Pe-len'do-nes
Per-i-pa-tet'i-ci
Pba-e-ton-ti'a-de
Pan'e-nus,
Par'rha-sis
Pel-e-tb.ro'ni-i
Pe-rip'a-tus
Pha-e-tu'sa
Pa-nae'us
Par-rba'si-us
Pe-let'ro-ue
Pe-ripb'a-nea
PhBe'ue
Pan-gae'u3
Par-tha-mis'i-ris
Pe'le-us
Per'i-pbas
Pha-ge'si-a
Pa'ni-a
Par-tba'on
Pe-li'a-dea
Pe-riph'a-tus
Pha'i-nus
Pa-ni'a-sia
Par-the'ni-oe -i
Pe'li-as
Per-i-pbe'mus
Pbal-a-cri'ne
Pan-i-ge'ris
Par-the'ni-aa
Pe-li'des
Per-i-phe'tes
Pha'lse
Pa-ni-o'ni-um
Par-then'i-ce
Pe-lig'ims, -ni
Per-i-pho-re'tag
Pha-l83'cua
Pa'ni-us
Par-the'ni-on
Pel-i-nae'um
Pe-ris'a-des
Pba-lee'si-a
Pan-no'ni-a
Par-the'ni-us
Pel-i-naa'us
Pe-ris'te-re
Pba-lantbus
Pan'no-nes
Par'the-non
Pe'li-on
Pe-ris'tbe-ne
Pha-la'ra
Pan-om-pli88'us
Par-tben-o-pse'us
Pe'li-um
Pe-ris'ty-luin
Pbal'a-ri3
Pan'o-pe, -pe'a
Pa-tben'o-pe
Pel-la'naa
Pe-rit'a-nua
Pba-la'rua
Pa-no'pe-se
Par'tlii-a
Pel-le'ne
Per'i-tas
Phal'ci-don
Pan'o-pes
Par-thi'ni
Pel'o-pe
Per-i-to'ni-um
Pba'le-as
Pa-no'pe-us
Par-thy-e'ne
Pel-o-pe'a- A 5i'a
Per-mes'sus
Pba-le're-us
Pa-no'pi-on
Pa-ry'a-dres
Pel-o-pe'i-a
Pe'ro, Pe-ro'ne
Pba-le'ri-a
Pan'o-pis
Pa-nop'o-lis
Pa-nop'tes
Pa-nor'mus
Pa-rys'a-des
Par-y-sa'ti3
Pa-sar'ga-da
Pa'se-as
Pel-o-pe'us
Pe-lop'i-das
Pe-lo'pi-us
Pel-o-pou-ne'sua
Per'o-e
Per'o-la
Per-pen'na
Per-pe-re'ne
Pba-le'ris
Pba-le'rum
Pha-le'rus
Pha'li-as
Pan-tsen'e-tus
Pas'i-clea
Pe'lops
Per-pho-re'tua
Pbal'li-oa
Pan-tag'a-tbua
Pa-sic'ra-tea
Pe'lor
Per-ran'thea
Plia-lo're
556 PH PH PH PI f^
Pha-lys'i-ug
Phid'i-as
Phi-lotis
Phru-gun-di'o-neB
Pi-rus't
Pham-e-no'pliis
Phid'i-le
Phi-lox'e-nus
Phru'ri
Pi'sa
Pha-na'ces
Pbi-dip'pi-des
Phi-lylli-us
Phry'ges
Pi'sap
Pha-nae'us
Phi-dit'i-a
Pbil'y-ra
Pb.ryg'i-a
Pi-sseua
Pha-nag'o-ra
Phan-a-roo'a
Phi-do'laa
Phi'don
Pbil'y-res
Phi-lyr'i-des
Phryg'i-us
Phry'ne
Pi-san'der
Pi-sa'nus
Pha'nas
Phid'y-le
Phi-ne'um
Phryn'i-cua
Pi-sa'tes, -sffi'i
Pha-na'tes
Phig-a-le'a
Pbin'e-us, -e'lxs
Phry'nis
Pi-aau'rus
Pha'nes
Phi-ga'le-i
(adj.)
Phry'no
Pi-se'aor
Plia'ni-um
Phi'la
Phi-ui'dea
Pbryx-e'us
Pis'e-ua
Phan'o-cles
Phil-a-del-plii'a
Pbin'ti-a
Phryx'us
Pis'i-as
Phan-o-de'mus
Phil-a-del'pbus
Pbin'ti-as
Phthi'a
Pis'i-da
Phan'o-tis
Phi'lse
Phleg'e-laa
Phthi-o'tis
Pi-sid'i-a
Phan-ta'si-a
Phi-lae'ni
Phleg'e-tb.ou
Phy'a
Pi-sid'i-ce
Pha'nus
Pbi-lse'us
Phle'gi-as
Pby-a'cea
Pi'sia
Plia'on
Phi-la'mon
Pble'gon
Pby'cus
Pis-is-trat'i-d3
Pba'ra
Phi-lam 'mon
Phle'gra
Phyg'e-la
Pis-is-trat'i-de
Pha-rac'i-des
Phi-lar'chus
Phle'gy-a, -SB
Phyl'a-ce
Pi-sis'tra-tus
Pha'rae
Pbi-lar'e-tais
Phle'gy-as
Phyl-a-ce'us
Pi'so
PhaVa-o
Phi-lar'gy-rus
Phli'as
Phyl'a-cus
Pi-so'nis
Pha-ras'ma-nes
Phil'e-as
Phli-a'si-a
Phy-lar'clius
Pis'si-rus
Pha'rax
Phi-le'mon
Pbli'us
Phy'las
Pi'sua
Phar-be'lus
Phi-le'ne
Pblce'us
Phy'ie
Pi-suth'nes
Phar-ce'don
Phi-le'ris
Phlo'gi-na
Phyl'e-ia
Pit'a-ne
Pha'ris
Pbil'e-ros
Pho-be'tor
Phy-le'us
Pi-the'con
Pha'ri-ua
Phi-le'si-us
Pho'bos
PV-li'dea
Pith-e-cu'sa, -S23
Phar-me-cu'sa
Phil-e-ts3'ru3
Pho-cse'a
Phyl'i-ra
Pitb'e-ua
Phar-na-ba zus
Phi-le'tas
Pho-ca'i-cus
Pbyl-la'li.a
Pi'tbo
Phar-na'ce
Phi-le'ti-us
Phoc'a-is
Phyl-le'i-us
Pith-o-la'us
Phar-na'ce-a
Pbil'i-das
Pho-ceu'ses
Phyl'li-u3
Pi-tbo'le-on
Phar'na-ces
Phil'i-des
Phoc'i-ci
Phyl-lod'o-ce
Pi'thon
Phar-na'ci-a
Phi-lin'na
Pho-cil'i-dea
Pby-rom'a-cbus
Pi'tbys
Phar-na-pa'tes
Pbi-li'nus
Pho'ci-on
Pbys-cel'Ia
Pit'ta-cus
Phar-nas'pes
PMl-ip-pe'us
Pho'cis
Pbys'co-a
Pit'tbe-a
Pha'ros
Phi-lip'pi
Pho'cus
Phy-tal'l-dea
Pit-tbe'ia
Pbar-sa'li-a
Phi-lip'pi-des
Pho-cyl'i-des
Phyt'a-lus
Pit'the-us
Phar-sa'lus
Pha'rus
Phil-ip-pop'o-lia
Phi-lip'pus
Phoe'be
PhcB-be'us
Phy-te'uin
Phy'ton
Pit-u-a'ni-us
Pit-u-la'ni
Pha-ru'si-i
Phi-lis'cus
Phoeb'i-das
Phyx'i-um
Pit-y-88'a
Phar'y-bus
Pha-ryc'a-dcti
Phil-is-ti'des
Phi-lis'ti-o
PbcB-big'e-na
Phoe'bas
Pi'a, or Pi-ali-a
Pi'a-sus
Pit-y-as'sua
Pit-y-o-ne'sus
Phar'y-ge
Pbi-lis'ti-on
Phcfi'mos
Pi-ce'ni
Pit'y-us
Phas-a-e'lis
Pbi-lis'tus
Phoe-ni'co
Pi-cen'ti-a
Pit-y-u'sa
Pha-se'lis
Phi'lo
-nic'i-a
Pic-en-ti'ni
Pla-cen'ti-a
Pha-si-a'na
Phil-o-bce-o'tus
fhoe-ni'ces
Pi-ce'num
Pla-cid-e-i-a'nus
Pha'si-as
?hi-loch'o-rus
Pboe-nic'e-^13
Pi'cra
Pla-cid'i-us, -a
Pha'sis
Phil'o-cles
PhcB-nic'i-dea
Pic-ta'vi
Pla-na'si-a
Phau'da
?hi-loc'ra-tes
?hoe-ni'cus
?ic-ta'vi-um
?lan-ci'na
Phav-o-ri'nus
^hil-oc-te'tes
?hcen-i-cu'sa
?ic'to-nes
Pla-tse'a
Pha-yl'lus
^hil-o-cy'prus
D hoe-nis'sa
J i'cus
Pla-tSB'83
Phe'a, or
^hil-o-da-me'a
3 haj'nix
i i-do'rus
?lat'a-ge
Phe'i-a
J hil-o-de'mus
^bce'te-um
Pi-dy'tea
?lat-a-mo'des
Pbe-ca'dum
'hi-lod'i-ce
Phol'o-e
J i'e-lus
?la-ta'iii-us
Phe-ge'a
Pbil-o-du'lus
Pbo'lus
'i'e-ra
?lat'a-nua
Phe'ge-us
Pbil-o-la'us
3 ho-mo'this
Pi-e'ri-a
Pla-te'a
Phel'li-a
'hi-lol'o-gus
J hor-cy'nis
Pi-er'i-dea
Pla-te'sa
Phello-e
J hi-lom'a-che
J b.or'mi-o
3 i'e-ris
Plato
Pbe'mi-us, -ce
'hi-lom'bro-tus
3 b.o-ro'ne-u3
> i'e-rua
'la-ton'i-ci
Phe-mon'o-e
> bil-o-me'di-a
Phor-o-ne'us
'i'e-taa
'lau-ti-a'nus
Phen-e-be'tbis
'b.il-0-me'dus
(adj.)
Pi'gres
'lau-til'la
Phe-ne'um
3 bil-o-me'la
^lor-o-ni'dsa
Pi-la'tus
i'lau'ti-ua, -a
Phe-ne'us (a man)
'hil-o-me'lua
^ho-ro'nis
Pi-le'sus
'lau'tus
Phe'ne-us (a lake)
'bil-o-me'tor
> ho-ro'ni-um
Pi-lo'rus
Pla'vis
Phe'ra
Pbil-o-mu'sua
'hos'pbo-rus
'i-lum'nus
'leb-is-ci'tum
Phe-rse'us
Pbi'lon
J ho-ti'nus
'im-ple'a
'lei'a-des, or
Phe-rau'les
Phi-lon'i-des
Pho'ti-us
'im-ple'i-des
Ple-i'a-des
Phe-re'clus
Phil'o-nis
J hox'us
^m-pra'na
'le'i-as
Phe-rec'ra-tes
3 hi-lon'o-e
'hra-a'tes
J in'a-re
J lei'o-ne
Pher-e-cy'a-dse
'hi-lon'o-mus, -me
'hra-at'i-cea
'i-na'ri-us
'lem-myr'i-um
Pher-e-cy'des
'hil'o-nus
'hra-da'tes
'in'a-rus
'lem'ne-us
Pher-en-da'tes
3 hi-lop'a-tor
'hra-gan'daB
'in'da-rus
J leu-mo'si-i
Phet-e-ni'ce
i'hi-lo phi-on
'hra-ha'tea
'in'da-sus
'leu-ra'tua
Phe-repb'a-te
J bil'o-phron
'hra-nic'a-tes
'in-de-nis'sus
'leu'ron
Phe'res
?hil-o-pce'men
3 hra-or'tes
J in'thi-as
'lex-au're
Phe-re'ti-as
i'hi-lop'o-nus
'hras'i-cles
i'o-ne
?lex-ip'pus
Pber-e-ti'uia
:*hil-o-ro'mus
'hras'i-mua
i-o'ni-a
lin'i-us
Pbe-ri'uum
'liil-o-steph'a-nus
'hra'si-us
^i'o-nis
lin'tbi-ne
Phe'ron
bi-los'tra-tua
'hrat-a-pher'ne*
'i-rse'us, -rse'e-us
'lis-tar'cbuS
Pbi'a-le
hi-lo'tas
Plire-ge'na
'i-re'ne
^is'tha-nua
Phi-a'li-a
hi-lot'e-ra
Phri-a-pa'ti-us
'i-ri'cua
J lis'the-ne
Phi'a-lus
^i-lo'the-a
Phric'i-on
J i-rith'o-us
Lis-ti'nus
PM-ce'on
Phic'o-rea
'bil-o-the'rug
kil-o-timiia
Phrix'ua
Pkrou'i-ma
3 i-ro'mis
i'rua
Lis-to'ii-uar, or
-to'nax
PL PO PR PU PY 557
Plis-to-ni'cea
Plis-to-ni'cus
Pol-y-gi'ton
Po-lyg'i-us
Pos-i-do'ni-us
Po'si-o
Pro-me'the-us
Pro-nie'this
Pu-di'c\
Pul-che'ri-a
Plo'tiB
Pol-yg-no'tus
Pos-si-do'ni-um
Prom-e-thi'des
Pu'ni-cum
Plo-the'a
Po-lyg'o-nus
Post-b.u'mi-us, -a
Prom'e-thus
Pu'pi-us
Plot-i-nop'o-lig
Po-ly-kym'ni-a,
Post'hu-mus
Prom'u-lus
Pu-pi-e'nus
Plo-ti'nus, -a
Plo'ti-us
Po-lym'ni-a
Po-ly-id'i-us
Pos-tu'mi-ua
Post-ver'ta
Pro-nap'i-des
Pro-na'um
Pup'pi-us
Pu-te'o-li
Plu-tar'ckus
Po-ly-i'dus
Po-tam'i-dea
Pro'nax
Py-a-nep'si-a
Plu'ti-a
Pol-y-la'us
Pot'a-mon
Pron'o-mus
* * . , ,*
Pyg e-la
Plu'to
Po-lym'e-nes
Pot'a-n MS
Pron'o-us, -e
Pyg-mse'i
Plu-to'ni-uxn
Pol-y-me'de
Po-thi'nus
Pron'u-ba
Pyg-mae'on
Plu'tua
Po-lym'e-don
Po'thos
Pro-per'ti-iis
Pyg-raa'li-on
Plu'vi-us
Pol-y-me'la
Pot-i-dae'a
Pro-poat'i-des
Pyl'a-des
Plyn-te'ri-a
Pol-ym-nes'tes
Po-ti'na
Pro-pon'tis
Pylae
Pneb'e-bia
Pol-ym-nes'tor
Po-tit'i-us
Prop-y-le'a
Py-lEem'e-nei
Puig'e-us
Pol-y-ni'ces
Pot-ni'a-dea
Pros-ckys'ti-us
Py-la'j'o-ras
Po-blic'i-us
Po-lyn'o-e
Pot'ni-se
Pros-e-le'ni
Pj r -la'oa
Pod-a-le'a
Pol'y-nus
Prac'ti-um
Pro-sel'y-tus
Py-lar'ge
Pod-a-lir'i-us
Pol-y-pe'mon
Prae'ci-a
Pro-ser'pi-ua
Py-lar'te
Po-dar'ces, -ce
Pol-y-per'chon
Prae-nes'te
Pro-so'pis
Py'las
Po-da'res
Po-dar'ge
Po-dar'gus
P<B'as
Pol-y-phe'mus
Pol-y-pkon'tes
Pol'y-phron
Pol-y-poe'tes
Praen-es-ti'ni
Prae-sos
Prse-tu'ti-um
Pram'ni-um, adj.
Pros-o-pi'tes
Pro-sym'na
Pro-tag'o-ras
Prot-a-gor'i-de
Py-le'na
Pyl'e-us
Pyl'i-us
Pyl'le-on
Pcac'i-le
Pol'y-ren
[-i'um, ?i.]
Pro-tes-i-la'us
Py'lo
Paem'e-nis
Pol-y-stepk'a-nus
Pra'si-i
Pro'te-us
Py'los
Poe'ni
Po-lys'tra-tus
Pras'i-nus
Pro'the-us
Py1ii3 t.
Pcen'i-cus
Pol-y-tech'nus
Prat'i-nas
Proth-o-e'nor
Pym'a-tus
PoB'on
Po-ly'tes
Prax-ag'o-ras
Proth'o-us
Py'ra
Poe-o'ni-a
Pol-y-ti-me'tus
Prax'i-as
Pro'to
Py-rac'mon
T> /
toe us
Po'gon
Po'la
Pol-y-ti'mus
Po-lyt'i-on
Po-lyt'ro-pus
Prax-i-bu'lus
Prax-id'a-mas
Prax-id'i-ce
Prot-o-ge-ne'a
Pro-tog'e-nes
Prot-o-ge-ni'a
Py-rac'mos
Py-rsecb'mes
Py-rae'eus
Pol-e-mo-cra'ti-a
Po-lyx'e-nus. -na
Prax'i-la
Prot-o-me-di'a
Py-ram'i-des
Pol e-mon
Po-lyx'o
Prax-iph/a-nes
Prot-o-rne-du'.-a
Pyr'a-mua
Po-le'nor
Pol-y-zelus
Prax'is
Pro-tot'y-pon
Pyr'a-su3
Po'li-as
Pom-ax-se'tlirea
Prax-it'e-lea
Prot-ry-ge'a
Py-re'i-cus
Po-li-ei'a
Po-me'ti-a
Prax-ith'e-a
Prox'e-nus
Pyr-e-nas'i
Po-li-e'um
Po-ine'ti-i
Pre'li-us
Pru-den'ti-us
Pyr-e-nae'us
Po'li-eus
Pom-e-ti'na
Pre-u'ge-nes
Prum'm-dea
Py-re'ne
Po-li-or-ce'tes
Po-mo'na
Prex-as'pes
Pru'sa
Pyr'gi-on
Po-lis'ma
Pom-pe'i-a
Pri-am'i-des
Pru- sae'us
Pyr-got'e-les
Po-lis'tra-tua
Pom-pe-i-a'nus
Pri'a-mns
Pru'si-as
Py-rip'pe
Pol-i-te'a
Pom-pe'i-i
Pri-a'pu.3
Pryin-ne'si-a
Py'ro
Poli'tes
Pom-pe-i-op'o-lis
Pri-e'ne
Pryt'a-nes
Pyr'o-des
Pol-i-to'ri-um
Pom-pe'i-us
Pri'ma
Pryt-a-ne'uin
Pyr-o-ge'ri
Pol-len'ti-a
Pom'pe-lon
Pri'o-la
Pryt'a-nis
Pyr'o-is
Pol-lin'e-a
(-o'na)
Pri'on
Psam'a-the
Py-ro'ni-a
Pol'li-o
Pom-pil'i-us, -a
Pri-o-no'tus
Psam'a-thos
Py-ro-plileg'e-
Pol li-us
Pom-pi'lus
Pris-ci-a'nus
Psam-me-ni'tus
thon
Pol-lu'ti-a
Pom-pis'cus
Pris-cil'la
Psam-met'i-clius
Pyr'rhi-a3
Po'lus
Pom-po'ni-us, -a
Pri-ver'num
Psa'phis
Pyr'rhi-ca
Po-lus'ca
Po-ly-sB-mon'i-dcs
Po-ly-aj'nus
Pom-po-si-a'nus
Pomp-ti'nus, -a
Pon'ti-cus
Pri-ver'nus
Pro'bus, -a
Pro'cas
Psa'pho
Pse-bo'a
Pse'cas
Pyr'rlii-cua
Pyr'rhi-dse
Pyr'ri-cha
Po-ly-a-ra'tus
Pon-ti'na
Proch'o-rus
Pse-ne'ru3
Py-thaen'e-tua
Po-ly-ar'chug
Pol-y-be'tes
Pon-ti'nus
Pon'ti-us, -a
Proch'y-ta
Pro-cil'i-us
Pseu-do-celia
Pseu-do-man-ti'a
Py-thatr
Py-tha-go-re'i
Po-lyb'i-daa
Pon-to-po-ri'a
Pro-cillus, -la
Pseu-dos'to-ma
Py-than'g-e-lu3
T ,
^o-lybi-us
Po-pil'i-us
Pro'cle-a
Psit'ta-ce
Pytb.-a-ra'tus
Pol-y-boe'a
Po-plico-la
Pro'cles
Psit'ta-cus
Pyth'e-as
Pol-y-bce'tes
Pop-pse'us, -a
Pro-cli'dB
Pso'phis
Py'thes
Pol-y-bo'tes
Po-lyb'o-tuui
Pop-u-lo'ni-a
Por'a-ta
Proc-on-ne'sus
Pro-co'pi-us
Psy'che
Psy-clio-man-te'-
Pyth'e-ns
Pyth'i-as
Pol'y-bus
Por'ci-us, -a
Pro'cris
UHX
Pyth'i-on
Pol-y-ca'on
Por-do-se-le'ne
Pro-crus'tes
Psy'chrus
Pyth-i-o-ni'c9
Pol-y-car'pns
Pol-y-cas'te
Po-red'o-rax
Po-ri'na
Proc-u-le'i-ua
Proc-u-li'ua
Psyt-ta-li'a
Pte'le-os
Pyth-i-o-ni'ce3
Pytb'i-um
Po-lyck'a-re*
Por-o-se-le'ne
Proc'u-lus, -la
Pte'le-um
Pyth'i-us, -a
Pol-y-cle'a
Por-phyr'i-on
Pro'cy-on
Pter'e-las
Py'tho
Pol'y-dei
Por-phyr'i-us
Prod'i-cus
Pter-e-la'us
Py-tkocb/a-ris
Pol-y-cle'tus
Por'ri-ma
Prod'ro-mus
Pte'ri-a
Pytk'o-clea
Po-lyc'ra-tes
Por'se-na, -sen'na
Pro'e-dri
Pte'ri-on
Pytb-o-de'lu3
I'ol-y-cre'ta, or
Por'ti-us, -a
Pro-er'na
Pto-chium
Pytk-o-do'rua
cri'ta
Por-tum-iia'li-a
Proet'i-des
Ptol-e-der'ma
Pytk-o-la'u3
Po-lyc'ri-tus
Por-tum'nus
Proe'tus
Ptol-e-mae'uin
Py'tkon
Po-lyctor
Por-tu'nus
Pro-la'us
Ptol-e-mte'us
Py-tko'ne
Pol-y-dse'mon
To'rus
Prom'a-chus
Ptol-e-ma'is
Pytk-o-ni'co
Po-lyd'a-inas
yol-y-dam'na
Po-sid'e-on
Po-si'des
Pro-matli'i-das
Pro-ma'thi-on
Ptol'y-cus
Pto'us
Py-tkon'i-ci
Pytk-o-ni'cua
Pol-y-dec'tes
Pos-i-de'um
Prom'e-don
Pub-lic'i-us, -a
Pytk-o-nis'sa
Pol-y-deu-ce'a
Po-si'don
Prom-e-nae'a
Pub-lic'o-la
Pyt'ta-lus
Pol-y-do'rua. -ra
PoB-i-do'ni-a
Pro-me'the-i
Pub'li-us
Pyx-ag'a-thus
658
QU
SA
SA
SA
Q
QUA-DER'NA
Quse-sto'reg
Quinc'ti-us
Quin-quev'i-ri
Qnln'tus
Qua'di
Qua'ri
Quin'da
Quin-til-i-a'nus
Quir-i-nali-a
Quad-ra'ta
Qua'ri-us
Quin-de-cem'vi-ri
Quin-ti'lis
Quir-i-nalis
Qua-dra'tus
Qui-e'tus
Quin-qua'tri-a
Quin-til'i-us, -a
Qui-ri'nas
Quad'ri-frons,
Quinc-ti-a'nus
Quin'qua-trus
Quin-til'lus, -a
Qui-ri'tea
Quad'ri-ceps
Quinc-til'i-a
Quin-quen-na'les
Quin'ti-us
R.
' RA-BIR'I-US
Rhse'te-um
Rhet'i-co
Rhom-bi'tea
Ru-bre'nus
Ra-cil'i-a
Rhse'ti
Rhe-tog'e-nes
Rho-sa'cea
Ru'bri-us
Rse-sa'ces
Rhse'ti-a
Rhe-u'nus
Ri-phse'i
Ru'di-ss
Ra-mi'ses
Ra-pha'ne-aa
Ra'po
Rha-ge'a
Rha-me'lus
Itham-nen's^s
Rhex-e'nor
Rhex-ib'i-us
Rhi-a'nus
Ri-phe'us
Riq-ue-belus
Rix'a-mse
Ru'f83
Ru-fil'lus
Ruf-fi'nus
Ra-scip'o-lis
Rham-ai-ni'tua
Rhid'a-go
Rix-am'a-rse
Ru-fi'nus
Ra-tu'me-na
Rham-nu'si-a
Rhi-mot'a-clea
Ro-bi'go, or
Ru'fi-us
Rau-ra'ci, -ri'ci
Rha'nis
Rhi-noc-o-lu'ra
Ru-bi'go
Ru'fus
Ra-ven'na
Rha-phe'a
Rhi'on
Rod-e-ri'cus
Ru'gi-i
Rav-en-na'tea
Rhap-so'di
Rhi'pha, -phe
Ro'ma
Ru'nai-ntis
Rav'o-la
Rba'ri-us
Rhi-phse'i
So-ma'nus
Run-ci'na
Re-a'te
Rha'ros
Rhi-phe'ua
Ro-mil'i-us
Ru-pU'i-us
Re-dic'u-lii3
Red'o-nes
Rhas-cu'po-lis
Rhas-cu'po-ris
Rhi'um
Rho-be'a
Ro-mu'li-dse
Rom'u-lus, -a
Rus'ci-no
Rus'ci-us
Re'sus
Rha-to'us
Rhod'a-lus
Ro'mus
Rus-co'ni-a
Re-ti'na
Rhe'a
Rhod'a-nus
Ros'ci-u9
Ru-sel'lse
Re-u-dig'ni
Rhe'bas, -bus
Rho'de
Ro-silla-nus
Rus'pi-na
Rhab-du'cM
Rhed'o-nea
Rho'di-a
Ro'si-us
Rus'ti-cu
Rha-celus
Rba'ci-a
Rhe'gi-um
Rhe-gus'ci
Rho'di-i
Rhod-o-gy'ne,
Ro-tom'a-gus
Rox-a'na
Ru-te'ni
Ru-the'ni
Rba'ci-us
Rhe'mi
-gu'ne
Rox-o-la'ni
Ru'ti-lus, -a
Rha-co'tes, -tis
Rhad-a-man'thus
Rhe'ne
Rhe-ne'a
Rhod'o-pe, -pis
Rho'dus
Ru-belli-us
Ru'bi
Ru-til'i-us
Ru'tu-ba
Rhad-a-mis'tua
Rhe'ni
Rhce'bus
Ru'bi-con.
Ru'tu-bus
Rhad'i-ne
Rhe'nus
Rhoe'cus
Ru-bi-e'nus
Ru'tu-li
Rha'di-us
Rhe-o-mi'trea
Rhoe-te'uin
Ru-bi'go
Ru'tu-pS3
Rhses'e-ua
llhe'sus
Rhce'tus
Ru'bra Sax'a
Ru-tu-pi'nus
S.
SA'BA
Sab'a-chus, or
Sa-gun'tum, -tus
Sag-un-ti'nus
Sal-o-ne'a
Sal-o-ni'nus, -na
San-guin'i-us
San-nyr'i-oa
Sa-ri-as'ter
Sar'ma-tse
Sab'a-con
Sa'is
Sa-lo'ni-us
San'to-nes, -naa
Sar-ma'ti-a
Sa'bse
Sa-i't89
Sal-pi'nas
San-ton'i-cus
Sar-men'tus
Sa-bsa'i
Sala
Sal-tu-a'rea
Sa-o'ce
Sar'ni-us
Sa-ba'ta
Sa-la'ci-a
Sal'vi-an
Sa-oc'o-ras
Sa'ron
Sab'a-thse
Sal'a-con
Sal-vid-i-e'nus
Sa'on
Sa-ron'i-cus
Sa-ba'tra
Sal-a-gi'sa
Sal'vi-us
Sa-o'tea
Sa-ro'nis
Sa-ba'zi-us
Sal-a-min'i-a
Sa'ly-es
Sa-pse'i, -phse'i
Sar-pe'don
Sa-bel'la
Sal'a-mis
Sa-ma'ri-a
Saph'a-rus
Sar-ra'nus
Sa-bel'li
Sal-a-mi'na
Sam-ni'tea
Sap-i-re'ne
Sar'ra-pis
Sa-bel'lus
Sa-lam'ti-ca
Sam'ni-um
Sa-pi'res
Sa'ti-se
Sab'ra-ta
Sa-bri'na
Sab'u-ra
Sa-la'pi-a, -83
Sal'a-ra
Sa-lar'i-ca
Sam-o-cho-ni'tea
Sa-mon'i-cus
Sa-mon'i-um
Sa'por, -po'rea
Sap-pho'us
Sap'ti-ne
Sat-i-bar-za'uea
Sa-tic'u-lus. -la
Sa'tis
Sab-u-ra'mis
Sa-las'ci
Sa'mos
Sar-a-ce'ne
Sa-tra'i-dse
Sa'bus
Sa-le'i-us
Sa-mos'a-ta
Sar-a-ce'ni
Sat-ra-fe'a
Sac'a-das
Sa-le'ni
Sam-o-thra'ce, or
Sa-rac'o-ri
Sat-ra-pe'ni
Sa'cse
Sal-en-ti'ni
-ci-a
Sar-a-nie'no
Sat'ra-pes
Sac-a-pe'ne
Sa'cer
Sach-a-li'tae
Sa-ler'num
Sal-ga'ne-us, -a
Sa'li-a
Sam-o-thra'cea
Sa'mus
Sa-myl'i-a
Sa-ran'gea
Sar-a-pa'ni
Sar'a-pus
Sa-tri'cum
Sa-trop'a-ces
Sat'u-ra
Sach-a-li'tes
Sa-li-a'ris
Sa'na
Sar'a-sa
Sat-u-re'i-um
Sa-cra'ni
Sa-cra'tor
Sal-i-na'tor
Sali-us, -a
San'a-os
San-cho-ni'a-thon
Sa-ras'pa-de
Sa-ra'vus
Sa-tu're-um
Sat-u-re'i-us
Sa-crat'i-vir
Sal-lus'ti-us
San-da'ce
Sar-da-na-palus
Sat-ur-na'li-a
Sac'ro-ne
Sal'ma-cis
San-dal-i-o'tis
Sar-de'ne
Sat-ur-ni'uus
Sad'a-lea
Sal-mo'ne
San-da'li-um
Sar'di
Sa-tur'uvush -a
Sa'dus
Sal-mo'ne-us
San'da-nis
Sar'di-ca
Sa-tur'nus
Sa-dy-a'tes
Sal-mo'nis
San'da-nua
Sar-din'i-a
Safu-rum
Sseg-i-me'rus
Sal-my-des'sus
San-di'on
Sar'dis, -des
SatWi
Sset'a-bes
Salo
San-do'ces
Sar'do-nes
Sat^-rus
Sag-a-las'sus
Sag'a-na
Sa-lo'me
Sal'o-mon
San-dro-cot'tus
San'ga-la
Sar-doa'i-cus
Sar'do-ftyx
Sau-fe'i-us
Sau-rom'a-t
Sag'a-ris
Sa'lon
San-ga'ri-us, or
Sau-dot/a-tria
Sau'rus
8a-git'ta
Sa-lo'na, -nee
San'ga-ris
Sar-darus
Sav'e-ra
SA SE SI SO SP 559
Sa'vo, -vo'na
Se-bas'ti-a
Se-re-ni-a'nus
Sil-va'nus
So-li'mus
Sa'vus
Seb-as-top'o-lia
Se-re'nus
Si-man'ge-lus
So-li'nus
Sax'o-nes
Seb'e-da
Ser-ges'tus
Sim-briv'i-us, or
Sol-le'um
Saz'i-clies
Seb-en-ny'tus
Ser-gi'o-lus
-bru'vi-us
Sol'o-e, or Soli
Scse'a
Se-be'this
Ser'gi-us, -a
Si-me'na
So-loe'is
ScaB va
Se-be'tus
Ser'i-cus
Si-me'tlius
Solon
Scsev'o-la
Se-bu-si-a'ni
Se-ri'phus
Sim'i-l0
So-lo'ni-um
Scal'pi-um
Sec'e-la
Ser'iny-la
^im'i-lis
Solus
Sca-man'der
Sec-ta'nug
Se'ron
Sim'mi-as
Sol-y-ge'a
Sca-man'dri-ua
Scau-da'ri-a
Se-dig'i-tus
Sed-i-ta'ni
Ser-ra'nus
Ser-re'um
Si'mo
Sirn'o-eis
Sol'y-ma, -ma?
Sol'y-ini
Scan-de'a
Sed-en-ta'rii
Ser-to'xi-us
Sim'o-is
Son-ti'a-tes
Scan-di-ua'vi-a
Se-du'ni
Ser-vse'us
Sim-o-is'i-us
Sop'a-ter
Scan-til'la
Se-du'si-i
Ser-vi-a'nus
Si'inon
So'phax
Scap-tes'y-le
Se-ges'ta
Ser-vil-i-a'nus
Si-mon'i-des
So-ph.e'ne
Scap'ti-a
Se-ges'tes
Ser-vil'i-us, -a
Sim-plic'i-us
So-pha5n'e-tus
Scap'ti-us
Se-ge'ti-a
Ser'vi-us
Sim'u-lus
So'phi-a
Scap'u-la
Se-gob'ri-ga
Ses-a-me'ni
Si'mus
Sopli'o-cles
Scar'di-i
Scar-plie'a
Seg'o-nax
Se-gon'ti-a
Ses'a-mum
Ses'a-ra
Sim'y-ra
Si-ne'ra
Soph-o-nis'bu
So phron
Scar-phi'a,
Scau'rus
Se-guu'ti-a
Seg-on-ti'a-ci
Ses-a-re'thus
Ses-o-os'tris
Sin-gee!
Sin-gu-lo'r.e*
Soph'ro-na
So-pb.ro'ni-a
Sced'a-sus
Se-go'vi-a
Se-sos'tris
Si'nis
So-phron'i-cus
Scel-e-ra'tus
Se-gun'ti-um
Ses'ti-us
Sin'na-ces
Soph-ro-nis'cus
Sce-ni'tB
Se-gu-si-a'ni
Se-su'vi-i
Sin'na-cha
So-phro'ni-us
Sche'di-a, or
Se-gu'si-o
Set'a-bis
Sin'o-e
So-phros'y-ne
Ske'di-a
Se-ja'nus
Se'thon
Si'non
So-pi'tb.es
Sche'di-us
Se-i-sach-tM'a
Se'ti-a
Si-no'pe
Sop'o-lis
Sche'ri-a
Se'i-us
Seu'tlies
Si-no'pe-us
So'ra
Schce-ne'ia
Sel-do'mus
Se-ve-ri-a'nus
Sin'o-rix
So-rac'tes, -te
Scb.03'ne-us
Se-lem'nus
Se-ve'rus, -ra
Sin-ti'ce
So-ra'nus
Sclioe'nus, or
Se-le'ne
Se-vo
Sin'ti-i
Sor'di-ce
Sche'no
Sel-eu-ce'na
Sex-tilis
3iu-u-es'sa
So'rex
Sci-ap'o-des
3e-leu'ci-a, -ci'a
Sex-til'i-us, -a
3in-u-es-sa'ntis
So-rit'i-a
Sci'a-this, or
3e-leu'ci-d03
Sex'ti-us, -a
3i-o'pe
So-sib'i-us
Si'a-this
8e-leu'cis
Sex'tus
Si-pon'tum, or
Sos'i-cles
Sci'a-thos
3e-leu-co-belus
Si-bi'ni
Si'pus
So-sic'ra-tes
Sci'dros
3e-leu'cus
Sib'o-tei
3ip'y-lum, -lu.s
So-sig'e-nes
Bci'nis
3e-lim'nus
Si-bur'ti-ug
3ir-bo'nis
So'si-i
Sci-o'ne
3e-li'nuns, or -nus
Si-byl'lBB
3i-red'o-nes
3os'i-lus
Sci-pi'a-ds3
Sci-pi'a-dca
Se'li-us
Sel-la'si-a
Sib-yl-li'nus
Si'ca
Si-re'nes
Si'ris
3o-sip'a-ter
3o-sip'o-lis
Scip'i-o
Sel-le'is
Si-cam'bri
Sir'i-us
So'sis
Sci'ra
Se-lym'bri-a
Si-ca'ni
Sir'mi-um
So-sis'tra-tus
3ci-ra'di-um
Sem'e-le
Si-ca'ni-a
3i-ro'mus
3o-sitb.'e-us
Sci'ras
Sem-en-ti'nus
Sic'e-lis, -cel'i-des
Sir-o-poe'o-nes
So'si-us, -a
Sci'ron
Se-mid'e-i
Si-ce'mus, -ma
3is'a-pon
Sos'pi-ta
Sci-ron'i-de
3em-i-ger-ma'ni
Si-ce'nus
3i-sam'nes
3os'the-ne
Sci'rus
Sem-i-gun'tus
Si-clise'us
3is'a-pho
3os'tra-tu
Scol'o-ti
Se-mir'a-mis
Si-cil'ia
3is'a-ra
Sos'xe-tra
Sco'lus
Sem'no-nes
Si-cin'i-us
3is-ci'a
Sot'a-des
Sco'pas
Sem-no'th.e-i
Si-ci'nus
Sis'e-ne
So'ter
Scop'e-los
3e-mo'nes
Sic'o-ris
Si-sen'na
So-te'res
Sco'pi-um
Sem-o-sanc'tus
Sic'o-rus
Sis-i-gam'bis
3o-te'ri-a
Scor-dis'ci, -era
3em-pro'ni-us, -a
Sic'u-lus, -i
3is-o-cos'tu3
So-ter'i-cus
Sco-ti'nus
Sco-tus'sa
Se-mu'ri-um
Se'na
Sic'y-an
Sic-y-o'ni-a
Sis'y-plius
Si-tal'ces
So'this
So-ti-a'tes
Scri-bo'ni-a
3e-na'tus
Sid-a-ce'ne
Si-the'ni
So'ti-on
Scri-bo-ni-a'nus
Sen'e-ca
Si'de
3itb.'ni-des
So-ti'ra
Scri-bo'ni-us
Se'ni-a
Si-dele
31'thon
So'ti-ua
Scyl'a-ce
Sen'o-nes, or
Si-de'ne
Sith'o-nes
So'ua
Scyl-a-ce'um
-no'nea
Si-de'ro
Sitb.'o-nis
Sox'o-t
Scylax
Sen'ti-us
Sid-i-ci'imm
Si-tb.o'ni-a
Spa'co
Scyl-lae'um
Se'pi-tis
Si'don
Sit'i-us
3pal'e-tlini
Scyl'li-as
Se-pla'si-a
Si-do'nes
Sit'o-nes
Spar-ga-pi'thes
Scy-lu'rus
3ep-tem'pe-da
Si-do'ni-us
Sit-te-be'ris
3par'ta-cus
Scyp'pi-um
ScyVas
Scy-ri'a-dei
Sep-tem'tri-o
Sep-te'ri-on
Sep-tim'i-us
Si'ga
Si-gse'um, -ge'um
Sig'ni-a
3iz'y-ges
3ma-rag'dus
Sme'nus
Spar-ta'ni, or
Spar-ti-a'tse
Spar-ta'nus
Scy'ros
Scyr'pi-um
Scyt'a-le
Sep-ti-mu-le'i-us
Sep'y-ra
Seq'ua-na
Sig-ni'nus
Sig-o-ves'sus
Sig'u-nse, -gy'ni, or
Smi'lax
Smi'lis
Smin-dyr'i-des
Spar-ti-a'nus
Spar-to'lus
Spat'a-le
Scy'thaj
Seq'ua-ni
-gyn'nEO
Smin'the-us
Spe'chi-a
Scy-the'ni
Scy'thes, or -tha
Scyth'i-a
Se-quan'i-cus
Se-quin'i-us
Se-ra'pes
Si'la
Si-la'i
Si-la'nus, -na
So-a'na
So-an'da
So-a'nes
Spen'di-us
Sper-chi'us, -a
Sper-ma-toph'a-gi
Scyth'i-des
Scy-thi'nus
Ser-a-pe'um
Se-ra'pi-o
Sil'a-rus
Si-le'ni
Soc'ra-te*
Sod'o-ma
Speu-sip'pus
Sphac-te'ri-se
Scy'thon
Scy-thop'o-lis
Se-bas'ta
Se-ra'pi-on
Se-ra'pia
Se'res
Si-le'nus
Sil-i-cen'se
Sil'i-us
Soe'mi-as
Sog-di-a'na
Sog-di-a'nus
Sphe-ce'a
Sphe'rus
Spho'dri-as
8eb-as-te'a
Ser-bo'nis
Sil'pb.i-um
So-la'nu.3
Spkra-gid'i-um
Seb-as-te'ni
Se-re'na
Sil'pi-a
Sol'e-nus
Spi-cillus
560 SP TA TE TE TH
Spintha-rus
Sta'tor
Stim'i-con
Sty-lob'a-tes
SueVi
Spi'o
8teg'a-nos
Stiph'i-lua
Stym-pba'li-a
Sue'vi-us
Spi-tam'e-nes
Stel-la'tes
Sti-ri'tsa
Stym-pha'lia
Suf-fe'nua
Bpi-thob'a-tes
Stel'li-o
Sto-bffi'us
Stym-pha'lus
Suf-fe'tes
Spith-ri-da'te
Ste'na
Stcech'a-dea
Sty'ra
Suf-fe'ti-ua
Spo-le'ti-um
Sten-o-bce'a
Sto'i-ci
Sty'rus
Sui'das
Spo-le'tum
Ste-noc'ra-tes
Stra'bo
Su-a'da
Su-il-la'res
Spor'a-dei
Sten'to-ris
Stra-tar'chas
Su-ag'e-la
Su-il'i-ua
Spu-ri'na
8ten-y-cle'ru3
Stra-te'gua
Su-a'na
Su-i-o'nes
Spu'ri-us
Steph'a-na
Stra'to, -ton
Su-ar-do'nes
Sul'ci-us
Sta-be'ri-us
Stepb'a-nus
Strat'o-cles
Sub-al-pi'nua
Sul'mo-na
Sta'bi-se
Ster'o-pes, -pe
Strat-o-cli'a
Su-ba'tri-i
Sul-pic'i-ua, -a
Stab'u-lum
Ster-sich'o-rus
Strat-o-ni'ce
Sub'la-cum
Sum-ma'nus
Sta-gi'ra
Ster-tin'i-us
Stra-ton-i-ce'a
Su-blic'i-us
Su'ni-ci
Sta'us
Ste-sag'o-ras
Strat-o-ni'cus, -ce
Sub-mon-to'ri-um
Su'ni-des
Stain 'e-ne
Ste-sich'o-rus
Stro-go'la
Su-bo'ta
Su'ni-tim
Staph'y-lus
Stes-i-cle'a
Stron'gy-le
Su-bur'ra, -bu'ra
Su-od'o-na
Sta-san'der
Sta-sil'e-us
Stes-i-le'us
Ste-sim'bro-tus
Stroph'a-des
Stro'phi-us
Su'cro
Su-de'ti
Su-o-ve-tau-ril'i-a
Syr-o-phoe-ni'ces
Sta-te'nus
Sthen-e-la'i-das
Stru-thi'a
Su-e'bus
Sy'roa
Sta-til'i-us, -a
Sthen'e-lus, -le
Stru-thopb.'a-gi
Su-es'sa
Sy'rua
Stat'i-nse
Sthe'nis
Stru'tbus
Su-es-sa'nua
Sys-i-gam'bis
Sta-ti'ra
Sthe'no
Stry'ma
Su-es-si'o-nes, or
Sy-sim'e-thres
Sta'ti-us
Sthen-o-bce'a
Stry'mon
-o'nes
Sys'i-nas
Sta-se'as
Stil'bi-a
Strym'o-nis
Su-es-ao'nes
Sy'thas
Sta-sic'ra-tes Stil'i-cho
Styg'i-ua
Sue-to'ni-us
T.
TA-ATJ'TES
Tap'o-ri
Tau^-op'o-lua
Tel'e-thna
Ter'me-ra
Tab'a-nus
Tap-o-si'ris
Tau-ru'bu-lsa
Te-le-thu'sa
Ter'me-rus
Ta-be'ni
Ta-prob'a-ne
Tau'rus
Te-leu'ri-as
Ter-me'sus
Ta'bor
Tap'y-ri
Tax'i-la
Te-leu'te
Ter-mi-na'ii-a
Tab'ra-ca
Tar'a-nis
Tax'i-li
Te-leu'ti-as
Ter-mi-na'ii.-!
Ta-bu'da
Ta'ras
Tax'i-lus, or -Ifts
Tel'i-nus
Ter'mi-nus
Ta-bur'nus
Ta-ras'co
Tax-i-maq'ni-njs ' Tel-le'ne
Ter'mi-sus, or
Ta-ca'pe
Tar-ax-ip'pus
Ta-yg'e-te, -ge'ta
Tel'li-as
-mes'sua
Tac-a-pho'ria
Tar-bel'li Ta-yg'e-tns, -ta
Tel'me-ra
Ter-pan'der
Tac-a-tu'a
Tar-bel'li-cus i Te-a'num
Tel-mae'sug, ci Tero-sicb-'o-ra
Tac-fa-ri'nas
Tar-che'ti-us Te'a-rua
-mis'sus
Terp-sic'ra-te
Ta-champ'so
Tar'chi-a Te-a'te-a, -a'te
Telon
Ter-ra-ci'na
Tach'o-ri
Tar-chon-dirn'o-tuti
Te-ge'a-te
Tel-thu'sa
Ter-ra-sid'i-us
Ta'chos, -elms
Tar-en-ti'nus
Te'cbes
Telys
Ter'ti-us, -a
Tac'i-tus, -ta
Ta-ren'tum, -tus
Tech-mes'sa
Te-ma'the-a
Ter-tul-li-a'nus
Tac'o-la
Tar-pe'i-us, -a,
Tech'na-tis
Tem'bri-um
Te'thys
Tse'di-a
Tar-quin'i-us, -a, -i
Tec'ta-mus
Tem-e-ni'a
Tet-ra-co'mum
Tre-dif'e-ra
TsBn'a-roa
Tar-quit'i-us
Tar'qui-tus
Tec-tos'a-ges, -gse
Tec'to-sax
Tem-e-ni'tes
Te-me'ni-um
Tet-ra-go'nis
Te-trap'o-lis
Tsen'a-rus
Tar-ra-ci'na
Te'ge-a, Te-gse'a
Tem'e-nus
Tet'ri-cus
TsB'ni-as
Tar'ra-co
Te-ge-a'te
Tem-e-rin'da
Teu'cer
Ta-e'pa
Tar-rti'ti-ua
Teg'u-la
Tem'e-sa, -se
Teu-cbi'ra
Ta'ges
Tar'si-iis
Teg'y-ra
Tem'i-sua
Teu'cri
Ta-go'ni-us
Tar-tar i-nus
Te'i-os
Tem-mi'ce
Teu'cri-a
Ta'gus
Tar'ta-rua
Te'i-um
Tem'pe-a
Teuc'te-ri
Ta-la'si-us
Tar-te'sua
Te'i-us
Tench-te'ri
Teu-me'sos
Tal'a-us
Tar-tes'sus
Te'la
Te'ne-a
Teu-mes'sus
Ta-la'y-ra
Ta-run'ti-us
Tel'a-mon
Te-ne'8
Teu-o'cbis
Tal'e-tum
Ta'rus
Tel-a-mo-ni'a-des
Ten'e-dos
Teu'ta
Tal-thyb'i-us
Tar-vis'i-um
Tel-chi'nes
Ten'e-rua
Teu-ta'mi-aa, -mis
Ta'lus
Tas-ge'ti-us
Tel-chin'i-us, -a
Te'nes
Teu'ta-tnua
Tam'a-rua
Tas'si-to
Te'le-a
Ten'e-sis
Teu'tas, -ta'tes
Ta-ma'se-a
Ta'ti-an
Tel'e-ba
Te-ne'um
Teu'thraa
Tam'e-sis
Ta-ti-en'ses
Te-leb'o-as
Te'noa
Teu-tbro'ne
Ta'mos
Ta'ti-i
Te-leb'o-se, -es
Ten'ty-ra (in
Teu-tom'a-tus
Tam'pi-ua
Ta'ti-us
Tel-e-bo'i-des
Egypt)
Teu'to-ni, -nea
Tam'y-ra8
Tau-chi'ra
Te-le'cles, or -clus]
Ten-ty'ra, or
Teu-ton'i-cus
Tam'y-ris
Tau-lan'ti-i
Tel-e-cli'des
Tem-py'ra
Tha-ben'na
Tan'a-gra
Tau'nus
Te-leg'o-nus
Te'oa, or Te'i-oa
Thac'co-na
Tan-a-gre'us,
-grse'us
Tau-ra'ni-a
Tau-ran'tes
Te-lem'a-chus
Tel'e-mus
Te-re'don
Te-ren-ti-a'nua
Tha'ia
Tha'la
Tan'a-grus, -ger
Tau'ri
Tel-e-phas'sa
Te-ren'ti-us, -a
Thal'a-me, -mga
Tan'a-is
Tau-ri'a
Tel'e-plms
Te-ren'tus
Tha-las'si-o
Tan'a-quil
Tau'ri-ca
Te-le'si-a
Te're-us
Tha-las'si-us
Ta-ne'tum
Tau-ri'ni
Te-les'i-cles
Ter-gem'i-nus
Tba'les
Ta'nia
Tau-ris'ci
Tel-e-sil'la
Ter-ges'te, -turn
Tba-les'tri-a, or
Tan-tal'i-des
Tau'ri-um
Tel-e-sin'i-cus
Te'ri-as
-tria
Tan'ta-lus
Tau'ri-ua
Tel-e-si'nus
Ter-i-ba'zus
Tba-le'tes
Ta-nu'si-us
Tau-rob'o-lus
Tel-e-sip'pus
Te-rid'a-o
Tha-le'us
Ta-o'ca, -ci
Tau'ro-is
Te-les'pho-nus
Ter-i-da'tes
Tha-li'a
Ta'phi-ea
Tau-rom'e-noa
Tel-e-stag'o-raa
Ter'i-gum
Tha'li-u3
Ta'phi-i
Tau-ro-min 'i-um
Te-les'tes, -tas
Te-ri'na
Thal'pi-us
Ta'phi-us, -as'sut
Tau-ro-po-li'a
Te-les'to
Ter-men'ti-a
Tham'u-da
TH TH Tl Tl TB 561
Tham'y-ras
Tham'y-ris
The-op'ro-pus
The-o'ris
Thor'nax
Tho'ua
Tig'a-sis
Tig-el-li'nus
Tit-i-a'na
Tit-i-a'nus
Tban'a-tus
The-o'ri-us
Thra'ce
Ti-gel'li-us
Tit'i-e
Tbap'sa-cus
The-o-ti'mus
Thra'ces
Ti-gra'ne
Tit'i-i
Thar-ge'li-a
The-ox'e-na
Thra'ci-a
Tig-ran-o-cer'ta
Ti-tin'i-us
Thar-gib'u-lu3
The-ox-e'ni-a
Thrac'i-diB
Ti'gres
Tit'i-us, -a
Tba-ri'a-des
The-ox-e'ni-us
Thra'cis
Tigris
Ti-tor'mus
Tha'rops
The'ra
Thra'se-as
Tig-u-ri'ni
Tit-the'um
Tha'si-us, or
The-ram'bus
Thra-sid'e-ua
Til-a-tce'i
Ti-tu'ri-ua
Tbra'si-us
The-ram'e-nes
Thra'si-ua
Til-a-vemp'tus
Ti'tua
Tba'sos
The-rup'ne
Thra'so
Til-phus'sus
Tit'y-rua
Tha'sus
The'ras
Thras-y-bulus
Ti-maan'e-tus
Tit'y-us
Tbau-ma'ci-a
The-rid'a-mas
Thras-y-daa'us
Ti-mse'us, -a
Tle-pol'e-mu3
Thau-man'ti-as,
The-rim'a-chus
Thra-syi'lus
Ti-mag'e-nes
Tma'rus
-tis
Tbau'mas
Ther'i-nus
The-rip'pi-das
Thra-sym'a-chus
Thras-y-meMea
Tim-a-ge'tea
Ti-mag'o-raa
Tuio'lua
Toch'a-ri
Tbau-ma'si-us
Ther'i-tas
Thras-y-me'nas
Ti-man'dra
To-ga'ta
Tbe'a
Ther-mo'don
Thre-ic'i-us
Ti-man'dri-dea
To-le'tum
Tbe-ae-te'tus
Ther-mop'y-laa
Thre-is'sa
I'i-man'ge-lus
Tol-is-toTii-i
Tbe-ag'e-ne
The-rod'a-mas
Threp-sip'pas
Ti-man'thes
Tol'mi-des
Tbe-a'ges
The'ron
Thri-am'bus
Ti-mar'chu3
Tol'o-phoa
Tbe-a'no
Ther-pan'der
Thro'ni-uni
Tim-a-re'ta
To-lo'sa
Tbe-a'num
Ther-san'der
Thry'on
Ti-ma'si-on
To-lum'nua
The-ar'i-daa
Ther-sil'o-chus
Thry'us
Tim-a-sith'e-ua
Tolus
The-ar'nus
Tbe-a-te'tea
Ther-sip'pus
Ther-si'tes
Thu-cyd'i-des
Thu-is'to
Ti-ma'vus
Tim'e-as
To-mas'um
Tom'a-rua
TheT^aa
The-se'a
Thu'le
Ti-me'si-us
Tom'i-sa
Theb'a-is
The-se'i-dffi
Thu'ri-83, or -um
Ti-moch'a-ria
To-mi't8B
The-ba'nua
The-se'is
Thu-ri'nus
Tim-o-cle'a
Tom'o-ri, -mn'ri
The'be
The-se'um
Thus'ci-a
Tim'o-clea
To'mos, -mis
Theg-a-nu'sa
The'se-us,
Thy'a
Ti-moc'ra-tes
Tom'y-ris
The'i-a
The'seus
TLy'a-des
Ti-mo'cre-on
Ton-do'ta
The'i-as
The-si'dae
Thy-a-mi'a
Tini-o-de'mus
To'ne-a
Thel-a-i'ra
The-si'des
Thy'a-inis
Tim-o-la'us
Ton-gil'li-uS
Thel-e-phas'sa
Thes-moph'o-ra
Thy'a-na
Ti-mo'le-on
To-ni'a
Thel-e-si'nus
Thes-moth'e-tas
Thy-a-ti'ra
Ti-molus
To-pa'zos, -zus
Thel'i-ne
Thes'o-a
Thy-bar'ni
Ti-moni'a-chus
Top'i-ris, Top'rua
Thel-pu'sa
Thes-pe'a
Thy-es'tes, -ta
Ti'mon
Tor'e-tEB
Thelx-i'on
Thes-pi'a
Thy-es-te'us
Ti-mo'nax
Tor'i-ni
Thelx-i'o-pe
Them'e-nus
Thes-pi'a-daj
Thes-pi'a-des
Thy'i-as
Thym-bra3'us
Ti-moph'a-nes
Ti-mo'the-us
To-ro'ne
Tor-qua'tus, -ta
The-me'si-ou
Tbes'pi-80
Thym'bri-a
Ti-mox'e-nus
To'rus
The'mis
Thes'pi-us
Thym'e-le
Tin'i-a
Tox-a-rid'i-ii
The-mis'cy-ra
Thes-pro'ti
Thy-mi'a-this
Ti'pha
Tox'e-us
Them'i-son
The-mis'ta
The-mis'ti-us
Thes-pro'ti-a
Thes-pro'tus
Thes-sa'li-a
Thy-moch'a-res
Thy-mce'tes
Thy-od'a-mas
Ti'phys
Tiph'y-sa
Ti-re'si-as
Tox-ic'ra-te
Tox'i-li
To-yg'e-ni
The-mis'to-cles
Thes-sa'li-on
Thy-o'ne
Tir-i-ba'ses
Tra'be-a
Them-i-stog'e-ces , Thes-sa-li'o-tes
Thy-o'ne-us
Tir-i-da'tes
Trach'a-lus
The-o-cle'a
rhes-sa-lo-ni'ca
Thyjo-tes
Ti'ris
Tra'chas
The'o-clea
Tiies'sa-lus
Thy*re
Ti'ro
Tra-che'a
The'o-clus
Thes ta-lus
Thyr'e-a
Ti-ryn'thi-a
Tra-chin'i-a
The-o-clym'c- r: us
Thes'u-a
Thyr-e-a'tis
Ti-ryn'thus
Trach-o-ni'tis
The-oc'ly-tus
Thes-ti'a-dte,
Thyr'e-us
Ti-ssc'um
Tra-goe'di-a
The-oc'ri-tus
Thes'ti-as
Thyr'i-dea
Ti-sag'o-ras
Tra'gus
The-od'a-mas
Thes-ti-di'ura
Thyr'i-on
Ti-sam'e-nea
Traj-a-nop'o-lis
The-o-da'mus
Thes'ti-us
Thyr-sag e-lttj, -tea
Ti sam'e-nua
Tra-ja'nus
The-od'a-tus
Thes'ty-lis
Thy'ua
Ti-san'drus
Traus-al-pi'nus
The-o-dec'tea
Thes'ty-lua
Ti-a'ra
Ti-sar'chua
Trans-pa-da'nus
The-o-do'nis
The'tis
Ti'a-sa
Ti-si'a-rua
Erans-tib-e-ri'-
The-o-do'ra
Theu'do-tus
Tib-a-re'ni
Tis'i-as
nus, -a
The-o-do-re'tus
Theu'tis, -this
Ti-be'ri-as
Ti-sim'a-nes
Trap'e-za
The-o-do-ri'ciw
Thi'a
Tib-e-ri'nus
Ti-siph'o-ne
Trap'e-zon
The-o-do-ri'tus
Thi-al-lela
Tib'e-ris
Ti-siph'o-nus
Trap'e-zua
The-0-do'vus
Thi'as
Ti-be'ri-us
Tis'o-bis
Tra-phe'a
The-o-do'si-us
Thi-od'a-mas
Ti-be'rua
Tis-sam'e-nus
Tras-i-me'nua
The-o-do'ti-oa
Thir-mid'i-a
Ti-be'sis
Tis-sa-pher'uea
Tra-sul'lus
The-od'o-tus, -ta
This'i-as
Tib-i-se'nus
Ti-taa'a
Tre'ba
The-o-du'lus
This'o-a
Tib'u-la
Ti'tan, -ta'nus
Tre-ba'ti-us
The-o-gi'ton
Tho-an-te'us
Ti-bul'lus
Tit'a-na
Tre-bel-li-a'nus
Tbe-og-ne'tes
Tho-an'ti-um
Ti'bur
Ti-ta'ues
Tre-bel-li-e'nus
The-og'nis
Tho'aa
Tib-ur-ti'nua
Tit-a-ne'us
Tre-bel'li-us
The-om-nes'tus
Tho'e
Ti-bur'ti-ua
Ti-ta'ni-a
Tre'bi-a
The'on
Tho'lus
Ti-bur'tus
Ti-tan'i-des
Tre'bi-us
The-o'nas, -ni'cus
Thoni'y-ris
Ti'chis
Ti-ta'nus (a giant)
Tre-bo'ni-us, -a
The-on'o-e
Tho'nis
Tich'i-ua
Tit'a-nus (a river)
Treb'u-la
The'o-pe
Tho-ni'tes
Tic'i-da
Tit-a-re'si-us
Tre'rus
The-oph'a-nes, -rio
Tho'on
Ti-ci'nus (a river)
Tit-a-re'sus
Tres'vi-ri
The-oph'i-lus, -a
Tho'o-sa
Tic'i-nus (a man)
Tit'e-nus
Trev'e-ri
The-o-phras'tus
Tho-o'tes
Tid'i-us
Tith-e-nid'i-a
Tri-a'ri-ua, -a
The-o-phy-lac'tus
Tho-ra'ni-us
Ti-es'sa
Ti-tho'uus
Tri-bal'li
The-o-pol'e-mus
Tho'rax
Ti-fa'ta
Ti-tho're-a
Trib'o-ci
The-o-pom'pus
Tho-ri-a (Lex)
Ti-i'er'num
Ti-thraus'tea
Tri-bu'ni 3 Q
562 TR YE VIS VI VI
Tri-cas'ses
Tric-as-ti'ni
Triq'ue-tra
Tris-me-gis'tus
Tru-en'tum,
-ti'nurn
Tur'pi-o
Tu-rul'li-us
Tym-phae'i
Tyn-dar'i-des
Trich'i-nas
Tri-te'a
Tryg-o-dsem'o-nes
Tus-ca'ni-a,
Tyn'da-ris
Tri-cho'ni3
Trit'i-a
Tryph'e-rus
Tus'ci-a
Tyn'da-rus
Tri-cla'ri-a
Tric-a-lo'ni
Trit-o-ge-ni'a
Tri'tou
Tryph-i-o-do'rus
Try'phon
Tus-cu-la'num
Tus'cu-lum
Tyn'ni-chus
Ty-phce'us, -phon
Tri-cor'y-thus
Tri-to'nes
Try-pho'sa
Tus'cus,
Ty-pho'nis
Tri-cra'na
Tri-to'nis
Tu'be-ro
Tu'ta
Tyr-an-gi't89
Tri-cre'na
Tri-to'nus
Tuc'ci-a
Tu-ta'nua
Ty-ran'ni-on
Tri-den'tum.
Tri-um'vi-ri
Tuc-cit'o-ra
Tu'tho-a
Ty-ran'nus
Tri-e'res
Tri-ven'tum
Tu'ci-a
Tu'ti-a
Ty'ras, or -ra
Tri-e-ter'i-ca
Triv'i-a
Tu'der, Tu-der'ti-a
Tu-ti-ca'nus
Ty'res
Tri-e-te'ria
Tri-vi'cum
Tu'dri
Tu'ti-cura
Tyr-i-da'tes
Trif-o-li'nus
Tro'a-dea
Tu-gi'ni, -ge'ni
Tu-tu-li'na
Tyr'i-i
Tri-gein'i-na
Tri-go'num
Tro'as
Troch'a-ri
Tu-gu-ri'nus
Tu-is'to
Ty'a-na
Ty-a'ne-us,
Ty-ri'o-tes
Tyr'i-us
Tri-go'nus
Trocb'o-is
Tu-lin'gi
-nse'us
Ty'ro
Tri-na'cri-a, -cris
Troe-ze'no
Tul-li-a'num
Ty-a-ni'ti3
Ty-rog'ly-phus
Tri-ne'ine-is
Trog'i-lus
Tul-li'o-la
Ty'bris
Ty'ros
Trin-o-bau'tei
Tri-oc'a-la,
Tri'o-cla
Trog-lod'y-tse
Trog-lod'y-tes
Tro'gus
Tul'li-us, -a
Tul'lus
Tu-ne'ta,
Ty'bur
Ty'che
Tych'i-cus
Tyr-rhe'i-dse, -dei
Tyr-rhe'ni
Tyr-rhe'num
Tri'o-dus
Tro'ja
Tu'nis
Tych'i-us
Tyr-rhe'nus
Tri-o'nes
Tro'i-lus
Tu-ra'ni-us
Ty'de
Tyr-rhe'us
Tri'o-pas, Tri'ops
Tri-o-pe'i-us
Tri-pliyl'i-a
Tro-ju'ge-n89
Trom-en-ti'na
Troph'i-mus
Tur-de-ta'ni
Tur'du-li
Tu-re'sis
Tyd'e-us
Ty-di'des
Ty-e'nis
Tyr-rhi'dsa.
Tyr-se'ta
Tyr-tse'ua
Tri-phy'lia
Trip'o-di
Tro-pho'ni-us
Tros'su-li
Tu-ri-a'so
Tu'ri-us
Ty'los
Ty-mo'lus
Ty'rus, -ros
Tys'i-as
Trip'o-lis
Trip-tol'e-mua
Tros'su-lum
Trot'i-lum
Tu'ro-nes
Tym-pa'ni-a
Tzac'o-nea
U.
U'BI-I
UniTm-a
U-ra'ca
U'ri-a
Us'ti-cas
TJ-cal'e-gon
Um-brig'i-us
U-ra'gus
U-ri'on
U'ti-ca
U'cu-bis
Um'bro
U-ra'ni-a
U'ri-te*
Ux'a-ma
U'fens
Un-de-cem'vi-rl
U-ra'ni-i, U'ri-i
Ur-sid'i-us
Ux-an'tis
U-fen-ti'na
Un'ca
U'ra-nus
Ur-si'nus
Ux-el-lo-du'num
TJl-pi-a'nus
U-nelli
Ur-bic'u-a
Us-ca'na
Ux'i-i
U'lu-brse
Unx'i-a
Ur'bi-cus
TJs'ce-num
Ux-is'a-ma
U-lys'ses
U'pis
U-re'um
U-sip'e-tes, or -i-i
U-zi'ta, or U'zi-ta
Um-bre'nus
Up-salum
Ur'ge-num
Us'pi-i
V.
VAC'CA
Vat-i-ca'nua
Ven'e-ti
Ver'ta-gus
Vi-aQis
Vac-cae'i
Va-ti-e'nus
Ve-ne'ti-a
Ver'ti-co
Vi-bid'i-us, -a
Va-cu'na
Va-tin'i-us
Ven'e-tus
Ver-ti-cor'di-a
Vib'i-us
Va-dav'e-ro
Va-tre'nus
Ve-niTi-a
Ver-tis'cus
Vib-i-o'nes
Vad-i-mo'iiis
Ve-chi'rea
Ve-no'nes
Ver-tum'nus
ViTao
Va'ga
Vec'fci-us
Ve-no'ni-us
Ver-u-la'nus
Vib-u-le'nus
Vag-e-dru 'sa
Vec-to'nes
Ven-tid'i-us
Ve'rus
Vi-bul'li-us
Va-gel'li-us
Ve'di-us
Ven-u-le'i-us
Ves'a-gus
Vi'ca Po'ta
Va-ge'ni
Va-ge'sua
Ve-ge'ti-ua
Ve'i-a
Ve'nus
Ve-nu'si-a, or -uin
Ves'bi-us,
Ve-su'bi-us
Vi-cel'li-us
Vi-cen 'ta,
Va'ha-lis
Va-i'cus
Ve-i-a'nus
Ve-i-en'tes
Ve-pi'cus
Ve-ra'gri
Ves-ci-a'num
Ves-cu-la'ri-us
Vi-ce'ti-a
Vic-to'ri-a
Va'la
Ve-i-en'to
Ve-ra'ni-us, -a
Ve-se'vus
Vic-to-ri'nus, -na
Val-a-mi'rus
Ve'i-i
Ver-big'e-nus
Ves-pa-si-a'nus
Vic-to'ri-us
Va'lens
Vej'o-vis
Ver-cel'l
Ves'e-ris
Vic-tum'vi-aa
Va-len'ti-a _
Ve-la'brum
Ver-cin-get'o-rix
Ve-se'vi-us,
Vi-en'na
Va-len-tin-i-a'nus
Ve-la'crum
Ve-re'na
-se'vus
Vil'li-us, -a
Val-en-ti'nus
Ve-la'ni-us
Ve-re'tum
Ves-ta'les
Vim-i-na'lis
Va-le-ri-a'nus
Vel'e-da
Ver-gas-i-lau'nu s
Ves-ta'li-a
Vin-cen'ti-us
Va-le'ri-us, -a
Val'e-rus
Ve'li-a
Ve-lib'o-ri
Ver-gel'lus
Ver-gil'i-a
Ves-tic'i-ua
Ves-til'i-us
Vin'ci-us
Vin-da'li-us
Val'gi-us
Val-leb'a-na
Vel'i-ca
Ve-li'na
Ver-gil'i-ra
Ver-gin' i-ua
Ves-tU'la
Ves-ti'ni
Vin-del'i-ci
Vin-de-mi-a'tor
Van'da-li
Ve-li'num
Ver'gi-um
Ves-ti'nus
Vin-dem'i-tor
Van-da'li-i
Van-gi'o-nea
Ve-li-o-cas'i
Vel-i-ter'na
Ver-gob're-tus
Ver'i-tas
Ves'u-lus
Ve-su'vi-us
Vin-dic'i-us
Vin-do-nis'sa
Van'ni-us
Ve-li'traa
Ver-o-doc'ti-us
Ves'vi-us
Vi-nic'i-us
Va-ra'ne
Vel'i-te
Ver-o-man'du-i
Vet'ti-us
Vi-nid'i-u3
Var-d'i
Vel'la-ri
Ve-ro'na
Vet-to'nes,
Vin'i-us
Var'i-cus
Velle-da
Ve-ro'ne
Ve-to'nes
Vip-sa'ni-a
Va-ri'ni, -ris'ti
Vel-le'i-us
Ver-o-ni'ca
Vet-u-lo'ni-a
Vi-ra'go
Va'ri-us, -a
Va'rus
Ve-na'frum
Ven'e-da
Ver-re-gi'num
Ver'ri-tus
Ve-tu'ri-a
Ve-tu'ri-us
Vir'bi-us
Vir-du'ma-rus
Va-sa'tEB
Ven'e-di
Ver'ri-us
Ve'tus
Vir-gil'i-us
Vas'co-noa
Ven'e-li
Ver-ru'go
Vi-a'drug
Vir-gin'i-us, -a
VI ZE ZE ZO ZY 56?
Vir-i-a'thus
Vit'ri-cus
Vol'cae, or -gae
Vo-lu-si-a'nua
Vul-ca'ni
Vir-i-dom'a-rua
Vi-tru'vi-us
Vol 'e-sus
Vo-lu'si-us
Vul-ca'ni-U3
Vir-i-pla'ca
Vi-sel'li-ua
Vit'u-la
Vo-co'ni-us, -a
Vo-log'e-su3
Vol-sin'i-um
Vol'u-sus
Vo'lux
Vul-ca'nus
Vul-ca'ti-ua
Vi-sel'lua
Vo-con'ti-a
Vol- tin 'i -a
Vo-ma'nus
Vul-si'num
Vis'tu-la
Vog'e-sus
Vo-lum'nus, -na
Vo-no'nes
VuTao
Vi-sur'gis
Vi-tel'li-us, -a
Vol-a-gin'i-us
Vo-la'na
Vo-lum'ni-us, -a
Vo-lup'tas,
Vo-pis'cus
Vo-ra'nus
Vul-tu-re'i-us
Vul-tur'num
Vit'i-a
Vo-lan'dum
-lu'pi-a
Vo-ti-e'nua
Vul-tur'nus
Vi-tis'a-tor
Vol-a-ter'ra
Vol-u-se'nus
Vul-ca-na'li-a
Vul-tur'ti-us
X.
XAN'THE
Xe-nar'chus
Xen-o-cli'des
Xe-nopb.'i-luai
Xi-me'ne
Xan'thi-a
Xen'a-les
Xe-noc'ra-tea
Xen'o-plion
Xi-pbe'ne
Xan'tM-as
Xen'e-tus
Xe-nod'a-mua
Xen-o-phon-ti'us
Xu r thua
Xan'tM-ca
Xe'ne-us
Xe-nod'i-ce
Xen-o-pi-thi'a
Xy'cbus
Xan-tho-pu'lu..7
Xe-ui'a-dei
Xeu-o-do'rus
Xer-o-Iib'y-a
Xyn'i-as
Xan'ti-cles
Xe'ni-us
Xe-nod'o-tes
Xerx-e'ne
Xyn-o-ich'i-a
Xan-tip'pua, -pe
Xen-o-cle'a
Xe-nod'o-tus
Xerx'es
Xyp'e-te
Xe-nag'o-ras
Xen'o-cles
Xe-noph'a-nea
Xeux'es
Xys'ti-ci
Z.
ZA-BA'TUS
Zar-do'ces
Zen-o-do'rua
Zeux'o
Zo-pyr'i-o
Zab-di-ce'ne
Zar'e-t89
Zen-o-do'ti-a
Zi-gi'ra
Zo-pyr'i-on
Za-bir'na
Za-ri-as'pes
Zen-nod'o-tus
Zi-e'la
Zop'y-rua
Zab'u-lus
Zar-mau-0-cb.e'gas
Ze-nopb.'a-nes
Zil'la, Zelis
Zor-o-as'ter
Zac'o-rus
Za'tliea
Zen-o-po-si'don
Zi-ma'ra
Zor-o-aa-tre'us
Za-cyn'thus
Za-ve'ces
Ze-noth'e-mis
Zi-my'ri
Zos'i-mua
Za-gree'us
Za'grus
Zal r a-tes
Ze-bi'na
Ze'la, Ze'li-a
Ze-le'a
Ze-phyr'i-um
Zeph'y-rum
Zeph'y-rus
Zi-ob'e-ria
Zi-pse'tea
Zi'tha
Zoa'i-ne
Zos-te'ri-a
Zo-thraua'te*
Za-leu'cus
Ze'les
Ze-ryn'thus
Zmil'a-ces
Zy-gan'tes
Za'ma
Ze-lot'y-pe
Ze'thes, or Ze'tus
Zo-di'a-cus
Zyg'e-na
Za'me-is
Ze'lus
Zau-gi-ta'na
Zo'i-lus
Zyg'i-a
Za-molx'is
Ze'no
Ze'us
Zo-ip'pus
Zyg'i-i
Zan'the-nes
Ze-noT)i-a
Zeux-i-da'mus
Zo-i-te'um
Zy-gom'e-la
Zan'thi-cle*
Za'rax
Ze-no'bi-i
Zen'o-cles
Zeux'i-das
Zeux-ip'pe
Zo'na
Zon'a-raa
Zy-gop'o-lis
Zy-gri'tffl
Zar-bi-e'nus
Zen-o-cli'de*
Zeux'is
Zoph'o-rua
SCKIPTURE PROPER NAMES.
REMAKES.
THE pronunciation of Scripture Proper Names is governed chiefly by the rules which prevail in
Greek and Latin.
VOWELS.
ACCENTED SYLLABLES.
When these end in a vowel, that vowel has always its long sound, as in Ca'des, Eso'ra, &c. ; when in
a consonant, the preceding vowel has the short sound, as in Bas'sa, Cor'ban, &c. But ah has the Italian
sound, as in Tah'panes, &c.
UNACCENTED SYLLABLES.
When these end in a consonant, their vowel has the short sound, as in Ba'bel, E'bel, E'lim, Blas'tus,
&c. When they end in a vowel, the following cases occur : o final has a light Italian sound, as in Du'ra ;
e, t, and y have the sound of e lightly uttered, as in Dil'e-an,An'ti-och, Eu'ty-chus. But i, at the end of
words, has its long sound, as in It'a-i. and u have their long sound lightly uttered, as in Gol'go-tha,
Josh'ii-a ; ai (diphthong) has the long sound of a, as in Ado'nai ; ia following an accented vowel, has usually
the sound of yn, as in Isa'iah (I-za'yah). But some in aiah have the accent on the in a separate syllable,
as in Shem-a-i'ah
CONSONANTS.
C has the sound of s before e, i, and y, as in Ce'phas, Cith'erus, Cyre'ne ; of k before u, o, and u, and
is marked thus : -6 -e, as in -Gain, -Go're, u'shan.
CH has always the sound of fc, as in Chaldea, Enoch, &c., and, therefore, does not need to have the c
marked hard. Rachel has been anglicized, and this forms an exception.
Gr has its regular hard sound as in go, give, as in Gil'ead, &c. In Bethphage, and one two others, the
g has taken the sound of j, by passing through the Greek.
S has its regular sharp sound, as in A'sa, except when marked thus $ 8, when it has the sound of z, as
in Isa'iah (Iza'yah).
N.B. The pronunciation here given is that of Walker ; but in a few instances that of Perry (marked
P.), of Fulton and Knight (marked F. & K.), of Trollope (marked T.), of Carr (marked C.), and of Smart
(marked S.), is subjoined in notes at the bottom of the page.
AA
AB
AB
AB
AC
A'A-LAB
A-bed'ne-go
A'bib
A-bi'ram
A-buTous
Aa'ron*
A'bel
A-bi'dah
A-bi'rom
A'a-ron
Ab
A'bel
Ab'i-dan
A-bis'a-i
A-e'a-tan
Ab'a-eue
Beth-ma'a-eah
A'bi-el J
Ab-i-se'i
A'cad
Ab'a-dah
A'bel Ma'im
A-bi-e'zer
Ab'i-shng
A'ca-ron
A-bad'don
A'bel Me-ho'lath
A -bi- ez 'rite
A-bish'a-har
A-e'cho
Ab-a-di'as
A'bel Miz'ra-irn
Ab'i-gaiH
A-bish'a-i
A-e'cos
A-bag'tha
A'bel Shit'tim
AVi-gal J
A-bish'a-lom
A-e'coz
A'bal
Ab'e-san
Ab-i-ha'il
A-bish'u-a
A-cel'da-uia>
Ab'a-naf
Ab'e-sar
A-biliu
Ab'i-shur
^.-sel'da-ma )
Ab'a-rim
A'bez
A-bi'hud
Ab'i-sum
A'chab
Ab'a-ron
Ab'ba
Ab'ga-rus
A'bi
A-bi'jah
A-bi'jam
Ab'i-tal
Ab'i-tub
A'chad
A-cha'i-a>
Ab'da
A-bi'a, or
Ab-i-le'ne
A-bi'ud
A-ka'ya j
Ab'di
A-bi'ah
A-bim'a-el
Ab'ner
A-cha'i-chus
Ab-di'as
A-bi-al'bon
A-bim'e-lech
A'bram, or
A'chan
Ab'di-el
A-bi'a-sapIa
A-bin'a-dab
A'bra-ham
A'char
Ab'don
A-bi'a-thar
A-bin'o-am
Ab'sa-lom
A'chaz
* Formerly this word was pronounced by some with three syllables, but now it has only two.
t 4-ba'no. P. t A-U'el. P.
AC AL AN AR AS 665
AcbT>or
Ag'a-ba
Al'e-ma
An'drew
A-reli
A-chi-acli'a-rus
Ag'a-bus
A-le'meth
An-dro-ni'cus, or
A-re'lites
A'chim
A'gag
Al-ex-an'dri-a
An-dron'i-cus
A-re-op'a-gite ")
A-chim'e-lech
A'gag-ite
Al-ex-an'dri-on
A'nem, or
A-re-op' a-jite $
A'cbi-or
A'gar
A-li'ah
A'neu
A-re-op'a-gua
A-cbi'ram
Ag-a-re'nei
A-li'an
A'ner
A'res
A'chish
Ag'e-e
Al-le-lu'jab-)
A'nes
Ar-e'tas
Acb'i-tob, or
Ag'ge-us
Al-le-lu'yaTij
A'neth
A-re'us
Ach'i-tub
Ag-iiotb-taTior
Al'lom
A'ni-am
Ar'gob
A-cbit'o-pbel 1
A x gur
Al'lon BacTiutb
A'nim
Ar'gol
A-kit'o-fel f
A'hab
Al-mo'dad
An'na
A-rid'a-i
Acb'me-tba
A-har'ah
A I'm on
An'na-as
A-rid'a-tba
A'chor
A-har'al
Dib-la-tha'im
An'nas
A-ri'eh
Acb'sa
A-bas'a-i
Al'na-tban
An-nu'ua
A'ri-el
Acb'shaph.
A-bas-u-e'rua
A'lotb
An-ti-lib'a-nus
Ar-i-ma-the'a
Ach'zib
A-ha'va
Al'pha
An'ti-och
A'ri-ocb
Ac'i-pba")
A'haz
Al-pbe'us
An-ti'o-cbis
A-ris'a-i
As'e-fa 5
A-baz'a-i
Al-ta-ne'us
An-ti'o-cbus
Ar-is-to-bu'lus f
Ac'i-tbo
A-ha-zi'ah
Al-tas'cbith
An'ti-pas
Ark'ites
A-eu'a
Ah'ban
Al'te-kon
An-tip'a-tris
Ar-ma-gcd'don
A'-eub
A'ber
A 'lush
An'ti-pba
Ar-mi-sbad'a-i
A'da
A'bi
Al'vah, or Al'van
An-toni-a
Ar'mon
A'dad
A-hi'ah
A'mad
An-to-tbi'jab
Ar'iian
Ad'a-da, or
A-hi'am
A-mad'a-tha
An'totb-ite
Ar'ue-pber
Ad'a-dah
A-hi-e'zer
A-mad'a-tbus
A'nub
Ar'non
Ad-ad-e'zer
A-hi'bud
A'inal
A'nus
A'rod
Ad-ad-rim'inon
A-bi'iah
A-mal'da
Ap-a-me'a
Ar'o-di
A'dab
A-hi'kam
Am'a-lek
Apb-a-ra'im
Ar'o-er
Ad-a-i'ah
A-hi'lud
Am'a-lek-itea
A-pbar'sath-chites
A'rom
Ad-a-li'a
A-him'a-az
A'man
A-pbar'sitea
Ar'pad, or
Ad'am
A-hi'man
Am'a-na
A'pbek
Ar'phad
Ad'a-ma, or
A-bim'e-lech
Am-a-ri'ah
A-phe'kab
Ar-pliax'ad
Ad'a-mah
A-Tiim' e-lek\
Am'a-sa
A-pber'e-ma
Ar'sa-ces
Ad'a-mi
A-hi'motb)
A-mas'a-i
A-pber'ra
Ar'te-mas
Ad'a-mi Ne'keb
A-bin'a-dab
Am-a-sbi'ah
A-pbi'ab
Ar'u-both
A'dar
A-bin'o-am
Am-a-tbe'is
Aph'rab
A-ru'mah
Ad'a-sa
A-hi'o
Am'a-tbis
Apb'ses
Ar'vad
Ad'a-tha
A-bi'ra
Am-a-zi'ah
A-poc'a-lypse
Ar'vad-ites
Ad-be'el
A-bi'ram
A'men
A-poc'ry-pba
Ar'za
Ad 'dan
A-bi'ram-ites
A'mi
A-pol'los
A'sa
Ad'dar
A-his'a-inach
A-min'a-dab
A-pol'ly-on)
As-a-di'as
Ad'di
A-hish'a-bur
A-mit'tai
A-pol'yon f
As'e-el
Ad'din
A-hi'sbam
A-miz'a-bad
Ap'pa-im
As'a-bel
Ad'do
A-hi'sbar
Am-mad'a-tba
Ap'pbi-a )
As-a-i'ah
Ad'dua
A-bi'tob
Am'mab
Apfie-a )
As'a-na
A'der
A-bit'o-phel
Am'mi
Ap'phus >
A'sapb
Ad'i-da
A-bi'tub
Am-mid'i-oi
Aph'M $
As'a-pbar
A'di-el
A-hi'ud
Am'mi- el
Aq'ui-la
As'a-ra
A'din
Ah'lah.
Am-mi'hud
Ar
A-sar'e-el J
Ad'i-na
Ah'lai
Am -mi-shad'da-i
A'ra
As-a-re'lab
Ad'i-no
A-ho'e or
Am'nion
Ar-ab
As-baz'a-reth.
Ad'i-nu3
A-bo'ah
Am'mon-ites
Ar'a-bah
As'ca-lou
Ad'i-tha
A-bo'ito
Am'non
Ar-a-bat'ti-ne
A-se'as
Ad-i-tba'im
A-ho'lab
A'mok
A-ra'bi-a
A-seb-e-bi'a
Ad'la-i
A-bol'ba
A'mon
A'rad
As-e-bi'a
Ad'mah
A-hol'bab
Am'o-rites
A'l-nd-ite
As'e-natb
Ad'ma-tba
A-bo'li-ab
A'mos
Ar'a-dus
A'ser
Ad'na
A-bol'i-bah
Am'pli-as
A'rab
A-se'rar
Ad'nah
A-ho-lib'a-mab
Am'ram
A 'ram
Ash-a-bi ah
Ad'o-nai
A-hu'ma-i
Am'ram-ites
A'ran
A'shan
Ad-o-ni'as
A-hti'zam
Am'ran
Ar'a-rat
Asb'be-a
A-don-i-be'zek
A-huz'zab,
Am'ra-pbel
A-rau'nah
Asb'bel
Ad-o-ni'jab
A'i
Am'zi
Ar'ba, or ArTjab
Ash'bel-ites
A-don'i-kam
A-i'ah
A'nab
Ar'bal
Ash'dod
A-don-i'ram
A-i'ath
An'a-el
Ar-bat'tis
Asb'dotb-ites
A-don-i-ze'dek
A-do'ra
A-i'ja
A-i'iah
A'nab
An-a-ba'rath
Ar-be'la (in Syria)
Ar-bel'la
Asb'dotb Pis'gah
A'sbe-an
Ad-o-ra'im
Ai'ja-lon 1 )
An-a-i'ah
Ai^bite
Asb'er
A-do'ram
A-dram'e-lccli
A'dri-a
Ad'ja-lon)
Aij'e-lcth Slia'bar ")
Ad'je-leth j
A'nak
An'a-kims
A-nam'e-lecli
Ar-bo'nai
Ar-che-la'us
Ar-ches'tra-tus
Asb'i-math
Ash'ke-naz
Ash'nab
A'dri-el
A'in
Au'a-mim
Ar'che-vites
A'shon
A-du'el
A-i'oth
A'nan
Ar'cbi
Ash'pe-naz
A-dul'lam
A-i'rus
An-a'ni
Ar-chi-at'o-roth,
Asb'ri-el
A-dum'mim
Aj'a-lon
An-a-ni'ah
Ar-chip'pus )
Ash'ta-roth
A-e-di'as
Ak'kub
An-a-ni'as
Ar-kip'pus $
Asb'ta-rotb-ites
-B'gypt
Ak-rabT)iin
A-nan'i-el
Arcb'itea
Ash'te-motb.
.ffi-ne'as. Virgil.
A-lam'e-lech
A'nath
Ard
A-sbu'ath,
& ne-as. Acts.*
Al'a-metb
A-nath'e-ma
Ar'dath
Ash'ur
.ffi'non
Al'a-motb
An'a-thoth
Ard'ites
A-shu'rim
ffi'nos
Al'ci-mus
An'a-tbotb-ito
Ar'don
Ash'ur-ites
* l-ne!as. P. f Ar-is-iol u-lus. P. J As'a-reel. P.
566 AS BE BE BE BI
A'si-a >
As-sa-ni'as
Ath'ens
A'zal
Az'gad
A'she-a $
As-si-de'ana
Athlai
Az-a-li'ah
A-zi'a
As-i-bi'aa
As'sir
At'roth
Az-a-ni'ah
A-zi'e-i
A'si-el
As'sos
At'tai
A-za'phi-on
A'zi-el
As'i-pha
As'ta-roth
At-ta-li'a
Az'a-ra
A-zi'za
As'kel-on
As-tar'te
At'ta-lus
A-za're-el
Az'ma-veth*
As'ma-dai
As'tath
At-thar'a-tes
Az-a-ri'ah
Az'mon
As'ma-veth
A-sup'pim
Au'gi-a
Az-a-ri'as
Az'noth Ta'bor
As-mo-de'us
As-yn'-eri-tus
Au-ra-ni'tia
A'zaz
A'zor
As-mo-ne'ans
A'tad
Au-ra'nus
A-za'zel
A-zo'tus
As'nah
At'a-rah
Au-te'ua
Az-a-zi'ah
Az'ri-el
As-nap'per
A-tar'ga-tis
A'va
Az-baz'a-reth
Az'ri-kam
A-so'chia
At'a-roth
Av'a-ran
Az'buk
A-zu'bah
A'som
A'ter
A'ven
A-ze'kah
A'zur
As'pa-tha
At-e-re-zi'as
A'vim
A'zel
Az'u-ran
As'phar
A'thack
A'vims
A'zem
Az'y-mites
As-phar'a-sus
Ath-a-i'ah
A'vi-tes
Az-e-phu'rith
Az'zah
As'ri-el
Ath-a-li'ah
A'vith
A'zer
Az'zan
As-sa-bi'as
Ath-a-ri'as
Az-a-e'lus
A-ze'tas
Az'zux
As-sal'i-motli
Ath-e-no'bi-us
A'zab.
B.
BA'AL, or Bel
Ba'moth Ba'al
Be-el-i'a-da
Be'ritli
Beth-lo'mon
Ba'al-ah
Ban
Be-el'sa-rus
Ber-ni'ce
Beth-ma'a-^ah
Ba'al-ath
Ban-a-i'as
Be-el-teth'mus
Be-ro'dach
Beth-mar'a-both
Ba'al-ath Be'er
Ba'ni
Be-el'ze-bub
Bal'a-dan
Beth-me'on
Ba'al Be'ritli
Ba'nid
Be'er
Be'roth
Beth-nim'rah
Ba'al Gad
Ban'nus
Be-e'ra
Ber'o-thai
Beth-o'ron
Ba'al Ham'on
Ban'u-as
Be-e'rah, or
Be-ro'thatli
Beth-palet
Ba'al Han'an
Ba-rab'bas
Be'rah
Ber'yl
Beth-paz'zer
Ba'al Ha'zor
Bar'a-chel
Be-er-elim
Ber-zelus
Beth-pe'or
Ba'al Her'non
Bar-a-chi'ab.
Be-e'ri
Be'zai
Beth'pha-ge )
Ba'al-i
Bar-a-cM'as
Be-er-la-ha'i-roi
Bes-o-dei'ah
BeWfa-je f $
Ba'al-imf
Ba'rak
Be-e'roth
Be'sor
Beth'phe-let
Ba'al-is
Bar-ce'nor
Be-e'roth-itea
Be'tah
Beth'ra-bah
Ba'al-le
Bar'go
Be-er'she-ba ||
Be'ten
Beth'ra-pha
Ba'al Me'on
Bar-liu'mites
Be-esh'te-rah
Beth-ab'a-ra
Beth're-hob
Ba'al Pe'or
Ba-ri'ah
Be'he-moth
Betn-ab'a-rah
Beth-sa'i-da **
Ba'al Per'a-zim
Bar-je'sus
Be'kab.
Beth'a-nath
Beth'sa-moa
Ba'al Shal'i-sha
Bar-jo'na
Be'la
Beth'a-notb.
Beth'shan
Ba'al Ta'mar
Bar'kos
Be'lah
Beth'a-ny )
Beth-she'an
Ba'al Ze'bub
Bar'na-bas
Be'la-itea
Beth'a-ne )
Beth'she-mesh
Ba'al Ze'phon
Ba-ro'dis
Bel'e-mus
Beth-ar'a-bah
Beth-shit'tah
Ba'a-na
Bar'sa-bas
Bel'ga-i
Beth'a-ram
Beth'si-mos
Ba'a-nah
Bar'ta-eua
Beli-al
Beth-ar'bel
Beth-su'ra
Ba'a-nan
Bar-tliol'o-mew
Bel'ma-im
Beth-a'ven
Beth-tap'pu-a
Ba'a-nath
Bar-ti-me'ua
Bel'men
Beth-az'ma-veth
Be-thu'el
Ba-a-ni'as
Ba'rucb.
Bel-shaz'zar
Beth-ba-al-me'on
Be'thul
Ba'a-ra
Bar-zil'lan
Bel-te-shaz'zar
Beth-ba'ra
Beth-u-li'a
Ba'a-shaJ
Bar-zil'lai j
Ben
Beth-ba'rah
Beth'zor
Ba'a-shah
Bas'-ea-ma
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Beth'ba-si
Beth'zur
Ba-a-si'ah
Ba'slian, or
Be-na'ya $
Beth-bir'e-i
Be-to'li-us
Ba'bel
Bas'san
Ben-am'mi
Beth'-ear
Bet-o-mes'tham
Ba'bi
Ba'slian Ha'voth
Ben-eb'e-rak
Beth-da'gon
Bet'o-nim
Bab'y-lon
Fa'ir
Ben-e-ja'a-kam
Beth-dib-la-
Be-u'lah ft
Ba'-ea
Bash'e-math
Ben'ha-dad
tha'im
Be'zai
Ba-chu'rua
Baelith
Ben-ha'il
Beth'el
Be-zal'e-el
Bach/rites
Bas'ruath
Ben-ha'nan
Beth'el-ite
Be'zek
Bach'uth Al'lon
Bas'sa
Ben'i-nu
Beth-e'mek
Be'zer, or
Ba-go'as
Bas'ta-i
Ben'ja-min
Be'ther
Boz'ra
Bag'o-i
Bat'a-ne
Ben'ja-mite
Be-thes'da
Be'zeth
Ba-hu'rum-ite
Bath
Ben'ja-mites
Beth-e'zel
Bi'a-tas
Ba-hu'rim
Bath'a-loth
Be-nu'i
Beth-ga'der
Bich'ri
Ba'jith
Bath-rab'bim
Be'no
Beth-ga'mul
Bid'kar
Bak-bak'er
Bath'she-ba
Be-no'ni
Beth-ha-e'ce-rim)
Big'tha
Bak'buk
Bath'shu-a
Ben-zoTieth
Beth-halt 1 ser-im )
Big'than
Bak-buk-i'ah
Bav'a-i
Be'on
Beth-ha'ran
Big'tha-na
Balaam ^
Be-a-li'ab.
Be'or
Beth-hog'lali
Big'va-i
JBa lam )
Be'a-lotb.
Be'ra
Beth-ho'ron
Bil'dad
Bal'a-dan
Be'an
Ber'a.chah
Beth-jes'i-moth
Bil'e-am
Balah
Beb'a-i
Ber-a-chi'ah
Beth-leb'a-otb.
Bil'gah
Ba'lak
Be'cher")
Ber-a-i'ah
Beth'le-hem
Bil'ga-i
Bal'a-mo
Be'ker 5
Be-re'a
Beth'le-hem
Bil-ha, or
Bal'a-nua
Bech'o-rath
Be'red
Eph'ra-tab.
Bil'hah
Bal-tha'sar
Bech'ti-letb.
Be'ri
Beth'le-hem
Bil'han
Ba'mah
Be'dad
Be-ri'ah
Ju'dah
Bil'shan
Ba'moth
Bed-a-i'ah
Be'rites
Beth'le-liem-ite
Bim'hal
* At-ma'veth. P. t Ba-a'lim.P. % Ba-a'sha. P.
Beel'ze-lub F. & K. H Beer'slie-ba F. & K. 1" Beth'faje. P.
** Btih-sai'da. P. ft Beu'lafc. P. & T. Jt Bez'a-leel. P., F. & K.
BI DE DI Dl DU 567
Bin'e-a
Bin'nu-i
Biz-i-jo-thi'a
Biz-i-jo-thi'jah
Boe'-eas
Boch'e-ru
Bos'rah
Bo'zez
Bui
Bu'nah
Bir'sha
Biz'tha
Bo'cbim
Boz'rab.
Buu'ni
Bir'sa-vith
Blas'tug
Bo'han
Brig'an-dine
Buz
Bish'lam
Bo-a-ner'ges
Bos'-eath
Buk'ki
Bu'zi
Bi-thi'ah
Bo'ixz, or
Bos'or
Buk-ki'ah
Buz'ite
Bith'ron
Bo'oz
Bos'o-ra
C.
AB
-Ga-pa-do'ci-a ")
Chan-nu-ne'ug
Che'sed
Cle-a'sa
Gaboon
Kap-pa-do' -slie-a J
Ch.ar'a-atb.'a-lar
Che'sH
Clem'ent
Gab'ham
Gar-a-ba'si-on \
Chara-ea
Che'sud
Cle'o-phas
GaTbul See BUL
Kar-a-ba'ze-on )
Char'a-sira
Che-sul'lolh
Clo'e
Gad'dis
'ar'cb.a-mis
Char'cus
Chet'tim
Cni'dus)
Ga'des
-ear'che-misb.
Cha're-a
Clie'zib
Ni'dus f
a'desh
-ea-re'ah
Char'mis
Chi'don
Gol-ho'zeh
Cai'a-phas)
Ka 'ya-fas j
Ga'ri-a
ar'kas
Char-ran
Chas'e-ba
Chi-li'on \
Chil'le-ab
Gol'li-us
Go-los'se
-Gain
-Gar-ma'ai-ana
CheTaar
ChU'mad
Go-los'si-ans)
a-i'nan*
Gar'me
Ched-er-la'o-mer J
Cbim'b.am
Ko-losh' e-anz )
Cai'rites
-Gar'mel
Che'lal
Chisleu,
Co-ni'ah
Ga'lah
!ar'mel-ite
Chel'ci-as >
Cas'leu, or
!on-o-ni'ah
Cal-a-mol'a-lus
Gar'nael-it-ess
Kel'she-as $
Cis'leu
Go'os
Cal'a-mus
-ar'ini
Chel'li-ans
Chis'lon
-Gor
-eal'col
ear'mites
Chel'lub
Chis'loth Ta'bor
-Gor'ban
Gal-dees'
ear'na-im
Chel'lug
Chit'tim
-Gor'be
a'leb
Gar'ni-on
Che'lod
Chi'un
o're
a'leb Eph'ra-tah
al'i-tas
Gar'pus
Car-she'na
Che'lub
Che-lu'bai
Clilo'e
Cho'ba
or'inth
-Go-rin'thi-ans
Gal'ueth
-Ga-sipb-'i-a
Che-luTjar
Cho-ra'sin
Clo'sam
Gal'no
-Gas'leu
Chem'a-rims
Cho-ra'shan, or
Gou'tha
al'phi
!as'lu-bim
Che'mosh
Cho-ra'ziu
Goz
al'va-ry }
Gas'phor
Che-na'a-nah
Chos-a-me'us
-Goz'bi
Kal'va-re )
Gas'pis, or
Chen'a-ni
Cho-ze'ba
Cres'cena
Ga'mon
Gas'pbin
Chen-a-ni'ah
CHRIST
Cre'tans
Ga'na
Ga-tbu'atb.
Che'phar Ha-am'-
Chub")
Crete
a'naan ^ f
Ce'dron
mo-nai
Kub $
Cretes
JRTa'nan >
Cei'lan
Cb.e-pb.i'rah
Chun
Cre'ti-ans >
Ga'naan-ites
Ce-le-mi'a
Che'ran
Chu'sa, or
Kre'she-anz $
7an'da-ce, or
Cen'chre-a
Cbe're-as
(vhu'za
u'bit
Oan'dace P.
Cen-de-be'us
Cher'eth-ims
Chush'an Rish-a-
ush
an'neh )
Cen-tu'ri-on
Cber'eth-itea
tha'im
Ju'shan
Kan'nee $
5an'veh \
Ce'phas
Ce'ras
Cher'eth, or
Che'rish
Chu'si
Cin'ner-etli, or
Gu'shan Eish-a-
tha'im
Kan'vee )
Ce'teb
Cher'ub ")
Cin'ner-oth
u'shi
Ga-per'na-um
Cha'bria
TcTier'ub j
Cir'a-ma
uth, or Cuth'all
aph-ar-sal'a-ma
Cha'di-as
Che'rub ) . nmri
Ci'sai
Gu'the-ana
a-phen'a-tha
Chae're-aa
Ke'rub j atowi l
Cis'leu
Cy'a-mon
Ga-phi'ra
Cbal'ce-do-ny
Cher'u-bim ")
Cith'e-rus
Cy-re'ne
Gaph'tor
Chal'ol
Tcher'u-bim )
Cit'tima
Cy-re'ni-us
f)aph'to-rim
Chal-de'a
Ches'a-lon
Clau'da
aph'to-rima
Cha'nes
D.
DAB'A-EEH
Dan-ja'an
De-ha'vites
Di'drachm)
Do'-eus
Dab'ba-sheth
Dan'nah
De'kar
Di'dram f
Dod'a-i
Dab'e-ratb.
Dan'o-brath
Del-a-i'ah
Did'y-mus
Dod'a-nim
Da'bri-a
Da'ra
Del'i-lah
Diklah, or
Dod'a-vah
Da-eoTsi
Dar'da
De'mas
DU'dah
Do'do
Dad-de'us
Da'ri-an
Der'be
Dil'e-an
Do'eg
Da'gon
Dar'kon
Des'sau
Dim'nah
Doph'kah
Dai'san
Da/than
De-u'el
Di'mon
Dor
Dal-a-i'ah
Dath'e-mah, or
Deu-ter-on'o-my
Di-mo'nali
Do'ra
Dal'i-lah
Dath'mah
Dib'la-im
Di'nah
Dor'-eas
Dal-ma-nu'tha
Da'vid
Diblatb.
Di'na-ites
Do-rym'e-nes
DaTphon
DeTrir
Di'bon
Dinlia-bah
Do-sith'e-ii3
Dam'a-ri3
Deb'o-rah
Di'bon Gad
Di-ot're-phea
Do'tha-im, or
Dam-a-scenes'
De-ap'o-li8
Dib'ri
Di'shan
Do'than
Dan
De'dan
Dib'za-hab, or
Di'shon
Du'mah
Dan'i-el
Ded'a-nim
Diz'a-hab
Diz'a-hab
Du'ra
Dan'ites
Ded'a-nims
* Cai'nan. P.
f Canaan. This word has sometimes been pronounced in three syllables, with the accent on the
second. But M ilton, who has used it six times in Paradise Lost, has made it a dissyllable, with the
accent on the first.
% Ched-er-la-o'mer. P. f Chil'ion.T. || Dio-tre'phes. P.
668 EA GA GE GE GB
E.
E'A-NAS
El-en-za'i
E-liz'a-phan
En-rim'mon
E-so'ra
E'bal
El-ha'nan
E-li'zur
En-ro'gel
Es'ril
E'bed
E'li
El'ka-nah
En'she-mesh
Es'rom
E-bed'me-Iech
E-li'ab
El'ko-shite
En-tap'pu-ah
Es-senea'
Eb-en-e'zer
E-li'a-da
El'la-sar
Ep'a-phras
Est'ha-ol
E'ber
E-bi'a-saph
E-li'a-dah
E-li'a-dun
El'mo-dam
El'na-am
E-paph-ro-di'tus
E-pen'e-tus, or
Es'ther 7
Es'ter j
E-bro'nah
E-li'ah
El'na-than
Ep-e-ne'tus T
E'tam
E-a'nus
E-li'ah-ba
Elon
E'phah
E'tham
E-c-bat'a-na
E-li'a-kim
E'lon Beth'ha-
E'phai
E'than
E-ele-si-as'tes
E-li'a-li
nan
E'pher
Eth'a-nitn
E-ele-si-as'ti-eus
E-li'am E'lon-ites
E-phes-dam'min
Eth'ba-al
Ed
E-li'aa
E'loth
Eph'lal
E'ther
\ E'dar
E-li'a-saph
El'pa-al
E r phod
Eth'ma
E'den
E-li'a-shib
El'pa-let
E'phor
Eth'nan
E'der
E'das
E-li'a-sis
E-li'a-tha, or
El-pa'ran
El'te-keh
Eph'pha-tha
E phra-im
Eth'ni
Eu-as'i-bua
E'di-as
Ed'na
E-li'a-thah
E-li-a'zar
El'te-keth
El'te-kon
E'phra-im-ites
E'phra-tah$
Eu-bu'lus ||
Eu'na-than
E'dom
E-li'dad
El'to-lad
Eph'rath
Eu-ni'ce, or
E'doin-itea
E'li-el
E'lul
Eph'rath-ites
Eu'nice Jov.ea
Ed're-i
E-li-e'na-i
E-lu'za-i
E'phron
Eu-o'di-as
Eg'lah
Eg'la-im
E-li-e'zer
E-li'ha-ba
El-y-ma'is
El'y-mas
Er
E'ran
Eu-pol'e-mus
Eu-ro-e'ly-don
Eglon
HP*
El-i-hse'na
El-i-ho'reph
E-li'hu*
El'za-bad
El'za-phan
Em-al-eu'el
E'ran-ites
E-ras'tus
E'rech
Eu'ty-chus
Eve
E'vi
E'hud
E'ker
E-li'jah
El'i-ka
E-man'u-el
E'mims
E'ri
E'sa
E'vilMer-o'daoh^
Ex'o-dus
Ek're-bel
E'lim
Em'ma-ua
E-sa'iaa )
E'zar
Ek'ron
E-lim'e-leck
Em'mer
E-za'yas )
Ez'ba-i
Ek'ron-ites
E-li-oe'na-i
E'mor
E'sar-had'don
Ez'bon
E'la
E-li-o'nas
E'nani
E'sau
Ez-e-chi'a.j
El'a-dab.
El'i-phal
E'nan
Es'dras
Ez-e-ld'as
E'lah
E-liph'a-leh
En'dor
Es-dre'lon
E-ze'ki-el
E'lam
E-lrphazf
E'ne-as J
Es'e-bon.
E'zel
E'lam-ites
E-liph'e-let
En-eg-la'ira
E-se'bri-as
E'zem
El'a-sah.
E-lis'a-beth
En-e-mes'sar
E'sek
E'zer
E'lath
El-i-sae'us
E-ne'ni-as
Esh'ba-al
Ez-e-ri'aS
El-beth'el
El-i-se'us
En-gan'nim
Esh'ban
E-zi-as
El'ci-a >
E-li'sha
En'ge-di, or
Esh'ol
E'zi-on Ge'bnr, or
El'she-a)
E-li'shah
En-ged'i
E'she-an
E'zi-on-ge'Lor
El'da-ah
E-lish'a-ma
En-had'dah
E'shek
Ez'nite
El'dad
E-lish'a-mah
Eu-hak'ko-re
Esh'ka-loa
Ez'ra
E'le-ad
E-lish'a-phat
En-ha'zor
Esh'ta-ol
Ez'ra-hite
E-le-a'leh)
E-lish'e-ba
En-mish'pat
Esh'tau-lites
Ez'ri
E-le-al'e $
El-i-shu'a, or
E'noch)
Esh-tem'o-a
Ez'ri-el
E-le'a-sah
E-lish'u-a P.
Enoch f
Esh'te-moth
Ez'ril
E-le-a'zer
E-lis'i-mus
E'non
Esh'ton
Ez'ron, Or
E-le-a-zu'rus
E-li'u
E'nos
Es'li
Hez'ron
El-e-lolie Is'ra-el
E-li'ud
E'nosh
Es-ma-chi'ah
Ez'ron-itc a
E-leu'the-rus
G.
GA'AI,
Ga'i-us)
Gath
Ged-a-li'ah
Gen'tiles)
Ga'ash
Ga'yus $
Gath He'pher
Ged'dur
Jen'tiLz f
Ga'ba
Gal'a-ad
Gath Kim'mon
Ge'der
Gen-uLath.
Gab'a-el
Galal
Gau'lan
Ge-de'rah
Ge'on
Gab'a-tha
Gal'e-ed
Gau'lon.
Ged'e-rite
Ge'ra
Gab'bai, ot
Gal'ga-la
Ga'za
Ge-de'roth
Ge'rah
-a'i
Gal'i-lee
Gaz'a-bar
Ged e-roth-a'-iin
Ge'rar
Gab'ba-tha
Gal'lim
Ga-za'ra
Ge'dir
Ger'a-sa
Ga'bri-as
Gal'li-o
Ga'zath-itca
Ge'dor
Ger'ga-sLi
GaTm-el
Gam'a-el
Ga'zer
Ge-ha'zi
Ger'ga-sl.ites
Gad
Ga-ma'li-el
Ga-ze'ra
Gel'i-loth
Ger-ge-senea'
Gad'a-ra
Gam'ma-dim
Ga'zez
Ge-mal'li
Ger'i-zim
Gad-a-rene
Ga'mul
Gaz'itea
Gem-a-ri'ah
Ger'rae -ana
Gad'des
Gar
Gaz'zam
Gen-ne'us
Ger'rin-i-. ;i3
Gad'di-el
Ga'reb
Ge'ba
Ge-nes'a-reth
Ger'shom
Ga'di
Gar'i-zira
Ge'bal
Gen'e-sis 7
Ger'shou
Gad'ites
Gar'mites
Ge'bar
Jen'e-siz $
Ger'shon-ites
Ga'ham
Gash/inn
Ge'ber
Ge-ne'zar
Ger'shur
Ga'har
Ga'tam
Ge'bim
Ge'sein
* El'i-hu, generally pronounced El'ihu. t Ei'i-phaz. r.Sm. t E-ne'as.P.
$ Eph-ra'tah. P. y Evfbu-lw.P. V -Eml-ircr'o-dacTi. P.
GE
HA
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669
Ge'shan
Gib'e-ah
Gil'e-ad
Git'tites
Go'pher wood
Ge'skem
Gib'e-ath
Gil'e-ad-ite
Git'titii
Gor'gi-as )
Ge'shur
Gib'e-on
Gil'gal
Gi'zo-nita
Gor'ie-as $
Gesh'u-ri
Gib'e-on-ites
Gi'loh
Glede
Gorty-na
Ge'thur
Gib'lites
Gi'lo-nite
Gni'dus >
Go'shen
Gesh'u-rites
Gid-dal'ti
Gim'zo
Ni'dus S
Go-tlion'i-el
Geth-o-li'aa
Gid'del
Gi'nath
Go'ath
Go'zau
Geth-sem'a-ne
Gid'e-on
Gin'ne-tho
Gob
Gra'ba
Ge-u'el
Gid-e-o'ni
Gin'no-tlion
Gog
Gre'ci-a >
Ge'zer
Gi'dom
Gir'ga-shi
Go'lan
Gre'she-a J
Ge'zer-ites
Gi'er Ea'gle 1 )
Gir'ga-shitea
Gol'go-tha
Gud'go-dah
Gi'ah
Jy'erJSa'glo j
Gis'pa
Go-li'ah
Gu'ni
Gib'bar
Gi'hon
Git'tah He'pher
Go-li'atli
Gu'nites
Gib'be-thon
Gil'a-lai
Git'ta-im
Go'mer
Gur
Gib'e-a
Gil'bo-a*
Git'tite
Go-mor'rah
Gur-ba'al
H.
HA-A-HASH'-
la'mon Gog
Ha'tach")
Hen
Ho-de'vah
TA-KI
la'mor
Ha'tack )
ie'na
[o-di'ab
Ha-ba'iah
la'moth
Ha'thatb.
!en'a-dad
Lo-di'jah
Hab'ak-kukf
la'moth Dor
Hat'i-ta
!e'noch
Ho'dish
Hab-a-zi-ni'ak
la-mu'el
Hat'til
le'pher
log'lah
Ha-ber'ge-on
Ha'bor
la'mul
la'mul-ites
Hat-ti'pha
Hat'tush
[e'pher-itea
"eph'/i-b;ih
lo'ham
lo'len
Hack-a-li'ah
la-mu'tal
[au'rau
[e'ram
Iol-o-fer'ne
Hach'i-lah
la-nam'e-el
lav'i-lah
[e'res
lo'lon
Hach'mo-iii
la'nan
[a'voth Ja'ir
[e'resb.
lo'man, o/
Hach'mo-nite
la-nau'e-el
[a'za-el
[er'mas
He'man
Ha'da
Ian*a-ni
Ea-zai'ab.
fer-mog'e-n c*
lo'mfir
Ha'dad
lan-a-ni'ab.
[a'zar Ad'dar
[er'mon
loph'ni
Had-ad-e'zer
Ta'nes
rla'zar E'nan
[e.r'mon-itca
loph' rah
Ha'dad
lan'i-el
la'zar Gad'dah
[er'od
lor
Kim'mon
lan'nab.
la'zar Hat'ti-eon
[e-ro'di-an
or-a-gid'dad
Ha'dar
lan'na-thon
Ja'zar Maveth
le-ro'di-ans
lo'ram
Had'a-sbah
lan'ni-el
la-za'roth
le-ro'di-as
lo'reb
Ha-das'sa
la'noch
la'zar Shu'el
He'seb
lo'rem
Ha-das'sah
la'noch-itea
Ja'zar Su'sah
He'sed
lo'ri
Ha-dat'tah
la'nun
la'zar Su'sim
lesh'bon
lo'rim
Ha'did
Iaph-a-ra'i:n
la'zel El-po'ni
lesh'mon
lo'ri tea
Had'la-i
la'ra
la-ze'rim
Heth
lor'mah
Ha-do'ram
lar'a-dah
la-ze'roth
Heth'lon
lor-o-na'im
Ha'drach
lar-a-i'ah.
la'zer Shu'sim
Hez'e-ki
lor'o-nites
Ha'gab
la'ran
laz'e-zon Ta'mar
lez-e-ki'ab.
lo'sa, or
Hag'a-bah
la'ra-rite
la'zi-el
le'zer, or
Has'ah
Hag'a-i
ilar-bo'na
ia'zo
He'zir
lo-san'na
Ha'gar
Har-bo'nah
la'zor
He-zi'a
Ho-se'a|
Ha-gar-enes'
Sa'reph.
laz'u-bab.
le'zi-ori
lo-ze'a y
Ha'gar-ites
Ha'reth
le'ber
lez'ra-i
losh-a-i'tih
Hag-ga'i
Har'has
le'ber-ites
lez'ro
iosh'a-rua
Hag'ge-ri
Har'ha-ta
leb'rews
lez'ron
So-sbe'a
Hag'gi
Ear'hur
le'bron
Iez'ron-ite3
Jo'tham
Hag-gi'ak
Ha'rim
Ie'bron-itc3
Hid'da-i
Eo'thau
Hae'gites
Ha'riph
Heg'a-i
Hid'de-kel
Ho'thir
**
Har'ne-pbcr
Ha'rod
He'ge
He'lah
Hi'el
li-er'e-el
Huk'kok
Hul
Hak'ka-tan
Ha'rod-ite
Ee'lam
3i-er'e-motb.
Hul'dah
Hak'koz
Har'o-eh
Hel'bnh
Si-er-i-e'lus
Hum'tah
Ha-ku'pha
Ha'ro-rite
Hel'bon
Hi-er'mas
Elu'pham
Ha'lah
Har'o-sheth
Hel-l;i ill
3i-er-on'y-raus
Hu'pbam-ite
Ha'la
Har'sha
Hel'dai
Hig-ga'i-ou
Hup 'pah
Ha'li
Ha 'rum
He'leb
Hi'len
Hup'pim
Hal'lul
Ha-ru'maph
He'led
Hil-ki'ah
Hur
Hal-le-lu'jah>
H a-ru'pb.ite
He'lek
HU'lel
Hu'rai
Hal-le-lu'yah $
Ha'ruz
He'lek-itej
Hin
Hu'ram
Ial-lo'esh
Has-a-di'ah
He'lem
Hin'nom
Hu'ri
Ham
Has-e-nu'ah
He'leph
Hi'rah
Hu'shab.
Ha'man
Hash-a-bi'ah
He'lez
Hi'ram
Hu'shai
Ha'math, or
Hash-ab'nah
He'li
Hir-ea'nus
Hu'sbam
He' math
H ush-ab-ni'ab.
Hel'ka-i
His-ki'jah
Hu'shatli-ite
Ha'math-ite
Hash-bad'a-
Hel'kath
Hit'tites
Hu'shim
Ha'math
na
Hel'katb. Haz'zu-
Hi'vitea
Hu'shub
Zo'bab.
Ha'shem
rim
Ho'ba, or
Hu-shu'bah
Hana'matbi
Hash-mo'nah
Hel-ki'as
Ho' bah
Huz
Ham-med'a-tha
Ha'shum
He'lon
Ho'bab
Hu'zoth
Ham'e-lech.
Ha-sb.u'plia
He'man
Hod
Huz'zab
Ham'i-tal
Has'rab.
He'math, or
Hod-a-i'ab.
Hy-das'pe
Ham-mol'e-keth
Has-se-na'ah
Ha'math
Hod-a-vi'ah
Hy-e'na
Ham'mon
Ha-su'pha
Hem'dan
Ho-de'va
lly-ineu-c'ua
Ham'o-nah
* GiUo'a. P.
f ITa-bak'fcuic is more common.
570
JA
JE
JE
JE
IB'HAR
Flai
Ir-she'rnish
Ish'me-rai
Ith'nan
Ib'le-am
Im'lah
I'ru
I'shod
Ith'ra
Ib-nei'ah
Im'mah
I'sa-a-e ")
Ish'pan
Ith'ran
Ib-ni'jah
Im-man'u-el
I'zdk 5
Ish'tob
Ith're-am
Ib'ri
Im'mer
I-sa'i-ah")
Ish'u-a
Ith'ritee
Ib'zan
Im'na, or
I-za'yah )
Ish'u-ai
It'tah Ka'zin
leh'a-bod
Im'nah
Is'-eah
Is-ma-chi'ah
It'ta-i
I--eo'ni-uni
Im'rah
Is-ar'i-ot
Is-ma-i'ah
It-u-re'a
Id'a-lan
Im'ri
Is'da-el
Is'pah
I'vah
Id'bash
I-o'ta
Ish'bah
Is'ra-el*
Iz'e-har
Id'do
Iph-e-dei'ah
Ish'bak
Is'ra-el-ites
Iz'har
Id'u-el
Ir
Ish'bi Be'nob
Is'sa-char
Iz'har-ite
Id-u-mse'a
I'ra
Ish'bo-sheth
Is-tal-eu'rus
Iz-ra-hi'ah
Id-u-mse'ans
I'rad
I'shi
Is'u-i
Iz'ra-hite
I'gal
I'ram
I-shi'ah
Is'u-ites
Iz-ra-i'ah, or
Ig-da-li'ah
I'ri
I-shi'jah
It'a-ly
Is-ra-i'ah
Ig-e-ab'a-rim
Ig'e-al
I'jon
I-ri'jah
Ir'na-hash
I'ron
Ish'ma
Ish'ma-el
Ish'ma-el-ites
Ith'a-i, or It'a-i
Ith'a-mar
Ith'i-el
Iz're-el
Iz'ri
Iz'rites
Ik'esh
Ir'pe-el
Ish-ma-i'ah
Ith'mah
J.
JA'A-KAN
Jah'ze-rah
Ja-suTras
Je-holia-nan
Je'ri-el
Ja-ak'o-bah
Jah'zi-el
Ja'tal
Je-hoi'a-chin
Je-ri'jah
Ja-a'la
Ja'ir
Jath'ni-el
Je-hoi'a-da
Jer'i-moth
Ja-a'lah
Ja'ir-ites
Jat'tir
Je-hoi'a-kim
Je'ri-oth
Jn-a'lam
Ja'i-rus)
Ja'van
Je-hoi'a-rib
Jer-o-bo'am
Ja'a-nai
Jo'e-rus)
Ja'zar
Je-hon'a-dab
Jer'o-don
Ja-ar-e-or'a-gim
Ja'kan
Ja'zer
Je-hon'a-than
Jer'o-ham.
Ja-as-a-ni'a
Ja'keh
Ja'zi-el
Je-lio'rain
Je-rub'ba-al
Ja'a-sau
Ja'kim
Ja'ziz
Je-ho-shab'e-ath
Je-rub'e-sheth
Ja-a'si-el
Jak'kim
Je'a-rim
Je-hosh'a-phat
Jer'u-el
Ja-a'zah
Ja'lon
Je-at'e-rai
Je-hosh'e-ba
Je-ru'sa-lem
Ja-az-a-ni'ah
Jam'bres
Je-ber-e-ehi'ah
Je-hosh'u-a
Je-ru'sha
Ja-a'zar
Jam'bri
Je'bus
JE-HO'VAH
Je-sa'iah
Ja-a-zi'ah
James
Je-bu'si
Je-ho'vah Ji'reh
Jesh-a-i'ah
Ja-a'zi-el
Ja'min
Jeb'u-sites
Je-ho'vah Nis'si
Jesh'a-nah
Ja'bal
Ja'min-itea
Je-e-a-mi'ah
Je-ho'vah Ro'phi
Jesh-ar'e-lah
Jabbok
Jam'lech
Je-e-o-li'ah
Je-ho'vah Shal'-lom
Jesh-eb'a-ab
Ja'besh
Jam'na-an
Je-e-o-ni'ah
Je-ho'vah Sham'-
Jesh-eb'e-ali
Ja'bez
Ja'bin
Jab'ne-el
Jam-ni'a
Jam'nites
Jan'na
Je-da'ia")
Je-da'yaj
Je-da'iah
mah
Je-ho'vah Tsid'-
ke-nu
Je'sher
Jesh'i-mon
Je-shish'a-i
Jab'neh
Jan'nes
Jed-de'us
Je-hoz'a-bad
Jesh-o-ha-i'ah
Ja'chan
Ja-no'ah
Jed'du
Je'hu
Jesh'u-a
Ja'chin
Ja-no'hah
Jed-e-di'ah
Je-hub'bah
Jesh'u-run
Ja'chin-itea
Ja'num
Je-dei'ah
Je'hu-al
Je-si'ah
Ja'-eob
Ja'phet
Je-di'a-el
Je'hud
Je-sim'i-el
Ja-eo'bus
Ja'pheth
Jed'i-ah
Je-hu'di
Jcs'se
Ja'da
Ja-phi'ah
Je'di-el
Je-hu-di'jah
Jes'u-a
Jad-du'a
Japh'let
Jed'u-thun
Je'hush
Jes'u-i
Ja'don
Japh'le-ti
Je-e'li
Je-i'el
JE'SUS
Ja'el
Ja^pho
Je-e'zer
Je-kab'ze-el
Je'ther
Ja'gur
Jar
Je-e'zer-ites
Jek-a-me'am
Je'theth
Jah
Ja'rah
Je'gar Sa-ha-du'-
Jek-a-mi'ah
Jeth'lak
Ja-hale-el
Jar'eb
tha
Je-ku'thi-el
Je'thro
Ja-hal'e-lel
Ja'red
Je-ha'le-el
Jem'i-ma f
Je'tur
Ja'hath
Jar-e-si'ah
Je-hal'e-lel
Je-mu'el
Je'u-el
Ja'haz
Jar'ha
Je-ha'zi-el
Jeph'thah
Je'ush
Ja-ha'za
Ja'rib
Jeh-dei'ah
Je-phun'neh
Je'uz
Ja-haz'zah
Jar'muth
Je-hei'el
Je'rah
Jew'ry
Ja-ha-zi'ah
Ja-ro'ah
Je-hez'e-kel
Je-rahm'e-el
Jez'a-bel
Ja-ha'zi-el
Jas'a-el
Je-hi'ah
Je-rahm'e-el-ites
Jez-a-ni'ah
Jah'da-i
Ja'shem
Je-hi'el
Jer'e-chus
Je-ze'lus
Jah'di-el
Ja'shen
Je-hi'e-U
Je'red
Je'zer
Jah'do
Ja'sher
Je-hish'a-i
Jer'e-mai
Je'zer-ites
Jah'le-el
Ja-sho'be-am.
Je-his-ki'ah
Jer-e-mi'ah
Je-zi'ah
Jah'le-el-ites
Jas'hub
Je-ho'a-dah
Jer'e-moth
Je'zi-el
Jah'ma-i
Jash'u-bi
Je-ho-ad'dan
Jer'e-mouth
Jez-li'ah
Jah'zah
Le'hem
Je-ho'a-haz
Je-ri'ah
Jez'o-ar
Jah'ze-el
Jash'ub-ites
Je-ho'ash
Jer'i-bai
Jez-ra-hi'ah
Jah'ze-el-ites
Ja'si-el
Je-ho'ha-dah
Jer'i-ho
Jez're-el
^ * The letter s has commonly the sound of z when it comes (in these circumstances) before a liquid,
as in dismal, &c. Smart gives the s in Israelites the sound of *, and Worcester marks both words aa
pronounced with th e sound of z. t Jem-i'ma. P., F. & K., T.
JE MA MA MA MA 671
Jez're-el-ite
Job }
Jok'me-an
Jor'ko-am
Jofbah
Jez're-el-i-tess
JobeJ
Jok'ne-am
Jos'a-bad
Jotbath
Jib'sam
Jo'bab
Jok'shan
Jos'a-phat
Jot'ba-tha
Jidlaph
Jim'la, or Im'la
Joch'e-bed
Jo'da
Jok'tan
Jok'the-el
Jos-a-phi'as
Jo'se
Jo'tham
Joz'a-bad
Jim'na, or
Jo'ed
Jo'na
Jos'e-de-eh
Joz'a-ehar
Jim'nah
Jo'el
Jon'a-dab
Jo'se-el
Joz'a-dak
Jim'nites
Jo-e'lah
Jo'nah
Jo'seph
Ju'bal
Jiph'tah
Jiph'thah-el
Jo-e'zer
Jog'be-ah
Jo'nan
Jo'nas
Jo-se'phus
Jo'ses
Ju'-eal
Ju-d^'a
Jo'ab
Jog'li
Jon'a-than
Josh'a-bad
Ju'dah
Jo'a-ehaz
Jo'ha
Jo'nath Elim Be-
Jo'shah
Ju'das
Jo-a-da'nu3
Jo-ha'nan
eho'-ehim
Josh'a-phat
Jude
Jo'ah
John}
Jop'pa
Josh-a-vi'ah
Ju'dith
Jo'a-haz
Jon )
Jo'ra
Josh-bek'a-sha
Ju'el
Jo'a-kim
Joi'a-da
Jo'ra-i
Josh'u-a
Ju'li-a
Jo-an'na
Joi'a-kim
Jo'ram
Jo-si'ah
Ju'ni-a
Jo-an'nan
Jo'ash
Joi'a-rib
Jok'de-am
Jor'dan
Jor'i-baa
Jo-si'as
Jos-i-bi'ah
Ju-shablie-scd
Jus'tus
Jo'a-tham
Jo'kim
Jo'rim
Jos-i-phi'uh
Jut'tah
Jo-a-zab'dus
K.
KAB
Kab'ze-el
Ke'dar
Ked'e-mah
Ker-en-hap'pu-eh)
Ker- en-hap' pul; f
Kir'i-eth, or
Kir'jath
Kithlish
Kit'ron
Ka'des
Ked'e-moth
Ke'ri-oth
Kir'i-oth
Kit'tim
Ka'desh, or
Ke'desh
Ke'ros
Kir'jath Ar'ba
Ko'a
Ga'desh
Ke-hel'a-thah
Ke-tu'ra
Kir'jath A'im
Ko'hath
Ka'desh Bar'-
ne-a
Kei'lah
Ke-la'iab.
Ke-tu'rah
Ke-zi'a
Kir'jath A'rim
Kir'jath A'ri-us
Ko'hath-itea
Kol-a-i'ah
Kad'mi-el
Kel'i-ta
Ke'ziz
Kir'jath Ba'al
Ko'rah
Kad'mon-ites
Kal'la-i
Ka'nah
Ka-re'ah.
Kel-kath-ha-zu'-
rim
Ke-mu'el
Ke'nah
Kib'roth Hat-ta'a-
vah
Kib'za-im
Kid'ron
Kir'jath Hu'zoth
Kir'jath Je'a-rim
Kir'jath San'nah
Kir'jath Se'pher
Ko'rah-ites
Ko'rath-ites
Ko're
Kor'hite
Kar'ka-a
Ke'nan
Ki'nah
Kish
Kor'biLea
Kar'kor
Ke'nath
Kir
Kish'i
Kor'ites
Kar'na-im
Ke'naz
Kir-har'a-seth
Kish'i-on
Koz
Kar'tah
Ken'ites
Kir'he-resh
Ki'shon, or
Kush-ai'ah
Kar'tan
Ken'niz-zites
Ki'son
L.
LAA-DAH
Lap'i-doth
Le'shem
Lik'hi
Lnd
La'a-dan
La-se'a
Let'tus
Lo-am'mi
Lu'dim
La^an
La'shah
Le-tu'shim
Lod
Lu'hith
Lab'a-na
La-sha'ron
Le-um'mim
Lod'e-bar
Luke
La'chish
Las'the-nes
Le'vi
Los
Luz
La-eu'nus
Laz'a-ros
Le-vi'a-than
Tjo'is
Ly-e-a-o'ni-a
La'dan
Le'ah
Le'vis
Lo Ku'ha-mah
Ly-e'-ea
La'el
Leb'a-nah
Le'vites
Lot
Lyd'da
La'had
Leb'a-non
Le-vit'i-eus
Lo'tan
Lyd'i-a
Tja-lia.i'roi
Leb'a-oth
Lib'a-nus
Loth-a-su'bus
Ly-sa'ni-as
Lah'man,
Lah'maa
Leb-be'us*
Le-bo'nah
Lib'nah
Lib'ni
Lo'zon
Lu'bim
Lys'i-a ")
Lish'e-a )
Lah'mi
Le'-ehah
Lib'nites
Lu'binis
Lys'i-as (
La'ish
Le'ha-bim
Lib'y-a
Lu'-eas
Lysh'e-asf
La'kum
Le'hi
Lig-nal'oes
Lu'ci-fer
Lys'tra
La'me-eh
Lem'u-el
Li'gure
Lu'ci-ua
M.
MA'A-GAH
Ma-a-zi'ah
Mad'a-i
Mag'pi-ash
Ma-ha'zi-oth
Ma'a-ehah
Mab'da-i
Ma-di'a-bun
Ma'ha-lah
Ma'her-shal-al-
Ma-a-eh'a-tlii
Ma-e'a-lon
Ma-di'ah
Ma'ha-lath Le-
hash'baz
Ma-a-eh'a-thites
Mae-ea-bae'us
Ma'di-an
an'noth
Mah'lah
Ma-ad'ai
Ma-e'-ea-bees
Mad-man'nah
Ma'ha-lath Mas'-
Mahll
Ma-a-di'ah
Mah'be-nah
Mad-me'nah
-ehil
Mah'lites
Ma-a'i
Ma-eh'be-nai
Ma'don
Ma-ha'le-el
Mah'lon
Ma-al'eh A-erab'-
Ma-eh-he'loth
Ma-elus
Ma'ha-li
Mai-an'e-as
bim
Ma'-ehi
Mag'bish
Ma-ha-na'im
Ma'kas
Ma'a-nai
Ma'-ekir
Mag'da-la
MaTia-ueh Dan
Ma'ked
Ma'a-rath
Ma'-ehir-ites
Mag'da-len
Ma'ha-nem
Ma-ke'loth
Ma-a-sei'ah
Ma-eh'mas
Mag-da-le'nef
Ma-har'a-i
Mak-ke'dah
Ma-a-si'ah
Mah-na-de'bai
li-el
Maliath
Mak'tesh
Ma'ath
Mah-pe'lah
Ma'gog
Ma'ha-vitea
Mal'a-ehi
Ma'az
"Ma'ron
Ma'gor Mis'sa-bib
Ma'haz
Mal'-eham
* Leb'b-us. P. f May'da-Une. P.
572
NE
Mal-ehi'ab
Mas'sab.
Mel'i-ta
Meth're-dath
Mis'par
Mal-ehi'el
Mas-si'as
Mel'li-eu
Me-thu'sa-el
Mis'pe-reth
Mal'-ehi-el-ites
Ma'tred
Mel'zar
Me-thu'se-la
Mis'pha
Mal-ehi'jah
Mal-ehi' r am
Ma'tri
Mat'tan
Mem'pbis
Me-mu'-ean
Me-thu'se-lah
Me-u'nim
Mis'phah
Mis'ra-im
Mal-ehi-shu'ah
Mat'tan-nab.
Men'a-hem
Mez'a-hab
Mis-re-photh-ma
Mal'-ehom
Mat-ta-ni'ab.
M e'nau
Mi'a-min
im
Mal'-ehua
Mat'ta-tha
Me'ne
Mib'har
Mith'-eah
Mal'las
Mat-ta-thi'as
Me'nitb
Mib'sam
Mith'mte
Mal'lo-thi
Mat-te-na'i
Men'o-thai
Mib'zar
Mith'ri-dath
Mal'luh
Mat'than
Me-on'e-nem
Mi'-eah
Mi'zar
Ma-ma'ia3
Mam'mon
Mat'that
Mat-thelna
Meph'a-ath.
Me-phib'o-sbeth
Mi-ea'iah")
Mi-ka'ya $
Miz'pah
Miz'peh
Mam-ni-ta-nai'-
Mat'thew )
Me'rab
Mi'-eha
Miz'ra-ita
mus
Math'ew I
Mer-a-i'ah
Mi'-eha-el
Miz'zah
Mam're
Mat-thi'aa
Me-ra'iotb)
Mi'-ehah
Mna'son ")
Ma-mu'-eus
Mat-ti-thi'ah
Me-ra'yoth )
Mi-eha'iah
Na'son )
Man'a-en
Maz-i-ti'as
Me'ran
Mi'hel
Mo'ab
Man'a-hath
Maz'za-rotb.
Mer'a-ri
Mih'mas )
Mo'ab-Ites
Man'a-hem
Me'ah
Mer'a-rites
Mik'mas $
Mo-a-di'ah
Ma-na'heth-ite*
Me-a'ni
Mer-a-tba'im
Mich'mash
Mock'm'.u*
Man-as-se'as
Me-a'rab.
Me'red
Mi-eh'me-thah
Moch'ram
Ma-nas'seli
Me-bu'nai
Mer'e-moth
Mi-eh'ri
Mo'din
Ma-nas 'sites
Meh.'e-rath
Me'res
Mi-eh'tam
Mo'eth
Ma'neh
Me-eh'e-rath-Ite
Mer'i-bah
Mid'din
Mol'a-dah
Man-ha-na'im
Me'dad
Mer'i-bab Ka'desb.
Mid'i-an
Mo'le-ek|
Ma'ni
Med'a-lah
Me-rib'ba-txl
Mid'i-an-ites
Mo'leh $
Man'na
Me'dan
Mer'i-moth
Mig'da-lel
Mo'li
Ma-iio'ah
Med'e-ba
Me-ro'da-eh
Mig'dal Gad
Mo'lid
Ma'oeh
Medea
Bal'a-dan
Mig'dol
Mo'loeh)
Ma'on
Me'di-a
Me'rona
Mig'ron
Mo'lok ]"
Ma'ou-ites
Me'di-an
Me-ron'o-tb.ite
Mij'a-min
Mom'dis.
Ma'ra
Me-e'da
Me'roz
Mik'loth
Mo-o-si'aa
Ma'rah
Me-gid'do
Me'ruth
Mik-nei'ah
Mo'rash-Ite
Mar'a-lah
Me-gid'don
Me'se-eb. 7
Mil-a-la'i
Mo'ras-thHe
Mar-a-iiath'a
Me-ha'li
Me'sek $
Mil'cah
Mor'de-cai
TVTar-do-he'us
Me-het'a-bel
Me'sha
Mil'cha
Mo'reh
Ma-re'shah
Mo-bi'da
Me'sha-eb.
Mil'chah
Mor'esh-etb. Gath
Mark
Me'hir
Me'sheh ">
Mil'coin
Mo-ri'ah
Mar'i-sa
Me-hol'ath-ite
Me'shelc )
Mil'lo
Mo-se'ra
Mar'moth
Me-b.u'ja-el
M esb-el-e-mi'ah
Mi'&a
Mo-se'rah.
Ma'roth
Me-hu'inau
Me-sbez'a-bel
Mi-ni'a-min
Mo'ses|
Mar're-kah
Me-hu'nim
Me-shez'a-be-el
Min'ni
Mo'zes $
Mar'se-na
Me-hu'nima
Me-sbil-la'mith
Min'nith
Mo-sol'lam
Mar'te-na
Me-jar'kon
Me-shil'le-moth
Miph'kad
Mo-so'roth
' Mar'tha
Mek'o-nah
Me-sho'bab.
Mir'i-am
Mo-snl'la-nion
Ma/ry
Mel-a-ti'ah
Me-shul'lam
Mir'ma
Mo'za
Ma'sa
Mel'-ehi
Me-sbul'le-mith
Mis'gab
Mo'zah
Mas'-ehil
Mel-ehi'ab.
Mes'o-bah
Mish'a-el
Mup'pim
Mas'e-loth
Mel-ehi'as
Mes'o-ba-ite
Mi'shal
Mu'shi
Mash
Ma'shaJ
Mel'-ehi-el
Mel-ehis'e-dek
Mes-o-po-ta'mi-a
Mes-si'ab.
Mi'sham
Mi'she-al
Mu'shTtes
Muth-lab'ben
Mas'man
Mel-b.i-sbu'a
Mes-si'as
Mish'ma
Myn'dus
Mas'moth
Me-le'a
Me-te'rus
Mish-man'na
My'ra
Mas're-kah
Me'le-eb.
Me'tbeg Am'raab.
Mish'ra-itea
Myt-e-le'ii5
N.
KA'AM
Na-ha'li-el
Na'pish
Ne'bat
Ne'i-el
Na'a-mah
Na-tal'lal
Nas'bas
Ne'bo
Ne'keb
Na'a-man*
Na'ha-lol
Na'shon
Neb-u-chad-
Ne-ko'da
Na'a-ma-thlte
Na'ham
Na'sith
nez'zar
Ne-mu'el
Na'a-mites
Na-ham'a-ni
Na'sor
Neb-u-ehad-
Ne-inu'el-ites
Na'a-rah
Na-har'a- i
Na'than
rez'zar
Ne'pheg
Na'a-rai
NaTiasb.
Na-than'rt,-ei
Neb-u-ehod-on'o-
Ne'phi
Na'a-ran
Na'hath
Nath-a-ni'as
sor
Ne'phis
Na'a-rath
Nab'bi
Na'than Me'-
Neb-u-ehas'ban
Ne'phish
Na-asli'on
Na'hor
le-eh
Neb-u-zar'a-dan
Ne-phish'e-sim
Na'a-thus
Nah'shon
Na'um
Ne'-eho
Neph'tha-li
Na'bal
Na'hum
Na've
Ne-eo'dan
Nep'tho-ah
Nab-a-ri'a9
Na'i-dua
Naz-a-rene'
Ned-a-bi'ah
Neph'tu-im
Na-ba-the'ans
Na'im
Naz-a-renea'
Ne-e-mi'as
Ne-phu'sim
Na'bath-ites
Na'in
Naz'a-reth
Neg'i-nolh
Ne/
Na'both
Na'ioth
Naz'a-rite
Ne-hel'a-mite
Ne're-us
Na'hon
Na-ne'a
Ne'ah
Ne-he-mi'ab.
Ner'pal
Na'-chor
Na'o-mif
Ne-a-ri'ah
Ne-he-mi'as
Ner'gal
Na'dab
Naph'i-si
Neb'a-i
Nelium
Sha-re'zcr
Na-dab'a-tha
Naph'tlia-li
Ne-bai'oth
Ne-hush'ta
Ne'ri
Nag'ge
Napb'thar
Ne-ba'joth
Ne-hush'tah
Ne-ri'ah
Na-ha'bi
Napb'tu-him
Ne-bal'lat
Ne-hush'tan
Ne-than'e-el
* Naa'man. P. f No-o'mi. P.
NE RA RA RA RE 573
Neth-a-ni'ah
Ni-e-o-de'mus
Nin'e-vltes
Nod
No-me'ni-us
Neth'a-nims
Ni-e-o-la'i-taiis
Ni'san
No'dab
Non
Ne-to'phah
Ni-e'o-laa
Nis'rok >
No'e-ba
Noph-)
Ne-toph'a-thi
Ne-toph'a-thites
Ne-zi'ah
Nim'rah
Nim'rim
Nim'rod
Niz'rok f
No-a-di'ah
No'ah or
No'ga, or
No'gah
No'hah
Noff j
No'phah
Nun (the father of
Ne'zib
Nim'shi
No'e
Nom
Joshua
Nib'bas
Nin'e-ve
Nob
Noaa'a-des
Nym'phaa
Nib'shan
Nin'e-veh
No'bah i
0.
OB-A-DI'AH
O-dol'lam
O'nam
O'phir
O'see
O'bal
Od-on-ar'kes
O'nan
Oph'ni
O'she-a
O'bed
O'bed E'dom
o?
O'had
O-nes'i-mn3
On-e-siph'o-rua
Oph'rah
O'reb
Os'pray
Os'si-frage
(ybeth
O'hel
O-ni'a-res
O'ren, or
Oth'ni
OTul
Ol'a-mus
O-ni'as
O'ran
Oth'ni-el
O'both
Ol'i-vet
O'no
O-ri'on
Oth-o-ni'aa
O'hi-el
O-lym'phag
O'nus
Or'nan
O'zem
Oc-i-delus )
Om-a-e'rus
O-ny'as
Or'phah >
O-zi'as
Os~i-de'lus )
O'mar
On'y-eha ")
Wfa 5
O'zi-el
Oc'i-na }
O-me'ga
On'e-Ica j
Or-tho-si'as
Oz'ni
Os'i-7ia )
O'mer .
O'nyx
O-sai'as Oz'nites
O-e'ran
Om'ri
O'phel
O-e'as
0-zo'ra
O'ded
On
O'pher
P.
PA'A-EAI
Pat'a-ra
Per'a-zim
Phar'phar | Pi'late
Pa'dan
Pa-te'o-li
P'resh
Pkar'zites
Pil'dash
Pa'dan A'ram
Pa-the'us
Pe'rez
Pha'se-ah
Pel'e-tha
Pa'don
Path'ros
Pe'rez Uz'za
Pha-se'lis
Pil'tai
Pa'gi-el
PaTiath Mo'ab
Path-ru'sim
Pat'ro-bas
Per'ga
Per'ga-mos
Phas'i-ron
Phe'be
Pi'non
Pi'ra
Pa'i
Pa'u
Pe-ri'da
Phe-ni'ce
Pi'ram
Pa'lal
Paul
Pei^iz-zites
Phib'e-seth
Pir'a-thon
Pal'es-tlne
Ped'a-hel
Per'me-na3
Phi'ol
PirVthou-Ite
Pallu
Ped'ah-zur
Per-u'da
Phi-lar'-ehea
Pis'gah
Pal'lu-ites
Ped-ai'ah
Peth-a-hi'ah
Phi-le'mou
Pi'son
Pal'ti
Pe'kab
Pe'thor
Phi-le'tus
Pis'pah
Pal'ti-el
Pek-a-hi'ab
Pe-thu'el
Phi-lis'ti-a
Pi'thon
Pal'tlte
Pe'kod
Pe-ul'thai
Phi-lis'tiin
Po-eh'e-reth
Pau'nag
Pel-a-i'ah
Pha-e'a-reth
Phi-lis'tiues >
Pon'ti-us Pi lut
Par'a-dlse
Pel-a-li'ah
Phai'sur
Fi-lis'tins $
Por'a-tha
Pa'rah
Pel-a-ti'ah
Phal-da'ius)
Phi-lol'o-gus
Pot'i-phar
Pa'raii
Peleg
Fal-da'yus j"
Phil-o-me'tor
Po-tiph'e-ra
Par'bar
Pe'let
Pha-le'as
Phin'e-as
Pro-eh'o-rus
Par-masli'ta
Pe'leth
Pha'leg
Pbin'e-lias
Pu'a or
Par'me-nas
Pe'leth-Itea
Phal'lu
Phi'son
Pu'ah
Par'nath
Pe-li'as
Phal'ti
Phle'g-on
Pu'deiia
Par'nareh
Pel'o-iiite
Phal'ti-el
Pho'ros
Pu'hites
Pa'rosh
Pe-ni'el
Pha-nu'el
Phul, rhymes dull
Pul
Par-shan'da-tha
Pe-nir/nab.
Phar'a-cim
Phur
Pu'nites
Par'u-ah
Pen'ni-nah
Pha'ra-oh )
Phu'rah
Pu'non
Par-va'im
Pen-tap'o-lis
Fa'ro 5
Phut, rhymes nut
Pur, or
Pa'sa-eh
Pen'ta-teu-eh )
Pbar-a-tbo'ui
Phu'vah
Pu'rim
Pas-dam'min
Pa-se'ah
Pen'ta-teuk $
Pen'te-6st*
Pha'rez
Pha'rez-ites
Phy-gellus")
Phy-jellus j
Put, rhymes nut
Pu-te'o-li
Pash'ur
Pe-nu'el
Pharisees
Phy-la-e'te-rios
Pu'ti-el
Fass'o-ver
Pe'or
Pha'rosh
Pi-ha-hi'roth
Py'garg
E.
EA'A-MAH
Eaa, or
RaTiab
Ea'math Mis'peh
Rath'u-iuu.i
Ra-a-mi'ah
Ea'-cha
Ra'liam
Ea-me'ses*
Ra'zis
Ea-am'ses
Ea'-eab
Rakein
Ra-mi'ah
Ee-a-i'ah
Rab'bah
Ea'-eal
Eak'kath
Ea'moth
Re'ba
Eab'bath
Ra'hab
Rak'kon
Ea-moth Gil'e-ad
Re-bee'-ea
Eab'bat
Ra'chel >
Rani
Ea'pha
Ee'-ehab
Eab'bi
RabTtith
Eat'chelS
Ead'da-i
Ea'ma, or
Ea'niah
Ra'pha-el
Ra'phael. C.
Re'-ehab-itea
Ee'-ehah 7
Eab-bo'nl
Ra'gau
Ea'math
Ra'phah
Re'ka |
Rab'mag
Rab'sa-ces
Sa'ges I
Ra'jez 3
Ea-math-a'iin
Eam'a-them
Raph'a-im
Ra'phon
Re-el-ai'ah
Ee-el-i'as
Rab'sa-ris
Rag'u-a
Ea'ma;
Ea'phu
Eee-sa'ias
Rab'sha-keh
Ra-gu'el
Ra'math Le'Li
Ras'sis
Re'gem
* Ram'e-sez. P.
t Pentecost. 1 he regular pronunciation, Pentecost, is given by Perry, aud is now the more common.
574 RE SE SH SH SH
Ee-gem'me-le-eh
Ee'gom
Eem'mon
Meth'o-ar
Eeu'ben
Re-u'el*
Ehod'o-u3
RiT)ai
Roh'gah)
Ro'ga T
Ee-ba-bi'ah
Eem'pb.an
Reu'mali
Eib'lah
Ro'i-mus
Ee'hob
Re-ho-bo'am
Ee-bo'botb.
Eem'phia
Re'pha-el
Ee'phah
Ee'zeph
Ee-zi'a
Ee'zin
Riin'mon
Eim'mon Pa'rez
Ein'nab.
Ro-mam-ti-e'ze
Rosb.
Ru'by
Ee'hu
Re'hum
Re'i
Eeph-a-i'ah
Reph'a-im
Reph'a-ims
Ee'zon
S,he'gi-um>
Re'je-um t
Ri'phath')
Ry'fath 5
Ris'pah
Eu'fua
Ru'ha-mah
Eu'mah.
Ee'kem
Reph'i-dim
Ehe'sa")
Ris'sah
Eus'ti-eus
Eem-a-li'ah
Ee sen
Ee'sa 5
Eith'mab.
Ruth )
Re'meth
Re'sheph.
Eho'da
Eo-ge'lim
Roothj
Bem'mou
Re'u
S.
SA-BAT-HA'NI
Saph
Sem'e-i
Shar'a-im
She'resh
Sab'a-oth, or
Sa f phat
Se-melle-us
Sb.ar'ma-im
She-re'zer
Sab-a'oth
Saph-a-ti'as
Se'mis
Sha'rar
She'shack
Sa'bat
Sa f pheth
Sen'a-ah
Sha-re'zer
She'shai
Sab'a-tus
Saph'ir
Sen-a-ehe'ribt
Sha'ron
Sbe'shan
Sab 'ban
Sap-phi'ra
Se'neb.
Sha'rou-ite
Shesh-baz'zar
Sab'bath
Sab-ba-the'us
Sap'phire
Sa ra, or
Se'nir
Sen'u-ah
Sba-ru'hen
Shash'a-i
Sheth
She'thar
Sab-be'us
Sa'rai
Se-o'rim
Sha'shak
She'thar
Sab-de'us
Sar-a-bi'as
Se'phar
Sha'ul
Boz'na-i
Sab'di
Sar-a-i'ah
Seph'a-rad
Sha'ul-Ites
She'va
Sa-be'ana
Sa'bi
Sa-ra'ias
Sa-ram'a-el
Seph-ar-va'im
Se'phar-vltes
Sha-u'sha
Sba'veh
ShibTbo-leth
Shib'mah
Sab'tah
Sar'a-mel
Se-phe'la
Sha'veth
Sbi'-ehron
Sab'te-elia
Sa'-ear
Sa'rapb.
Sar-ehed'o-nus
Se'rah
Se-ra-i'ali
She'al
She-al'ti-el
Shig-gai'on
Shi'ou
Sad-a-nri'aa
Sar'de-us
Ser'a-pbim
She-a-ri'ab.
Shi'hor
Sa'das
Sar'dine
Se'red
She-ar-ja'shub
Shi'hor
Sad-de'us
Sar'dis
Se'ron
She'ba, or
Lib'nath
Sad'du-e
Sar'dites
Se'rug
She'bah
Shi-i'im ">
Sad'du-cees
Sar'di-ua
Se'sis
She'bam
She-i'imS
Sa'doe
Sar'do-nyx
Ses'thel
Sb.eb-a-ni'ali
Sbil'hi
Sa-ha-du'tha
Sa're-a
Seth
Sheb'a-rim
ShU'him
Sa'la
Sa-rep'ta
Se'thar
She'bat
Shillem
Sa'lab.
Sar'gon
Se'ther
She'ber
SbU'lem-itea
Sal-a-sad'a-i
Sa'rid
Sha-al-ab'bin
Sheb'na
Shi'loh, or
Sa-la'thi-el
Sa'ron
Sha-al'bim
Sheb'u-el
Shi'lo
Sal'-eah
Sa-ro'thi
Sha-alTjo-nlte
She-a-ni'ah
SM-la'ad
Sal'-ehah
Sar-se'-ebim
Sha'aph.
She'-ehem
Shi-lo'ni
Sa'lem
Sa'ru-eh
Sha-a-ra'im
She'-ehem-ites
Shi-lo'nltes
Sa'lim
Sa'tan
Sha-ash'gas
Sheeh'i-nah J
Shil'shah
Sal'la-i
Sath-ra-baz'nes
Shab-beth'a-i
Shed'e-ur
Shim'e-a
Sal'lu
Sath-ra-bou-
Sha-eh'i-a
She-ha-ri'ab.
Sbim'e-ah
Sallum
za'nes
Shad'da-i
She'kel
Shim'e-am
Sal-lu'mus
Saul
Sha'drab.
She'lab.
Sbim'e-ath
Sal'ma, or
Sav'a-ran
Sha'ge
She'lan-Ites
Shim'e-ath-Ites
Sal'mah
Sa'vi-as
Sha-haz'i-m ath
Shel-e-mi'ab.
Shirn'e-i
Sal'mon
Sce'va ")
Sha'lem
Sheleph
Shim'e-on
Sal-mo'ne
Se'va j
Sha'lim
She'lesh
Shim'hi
Sa'lom
Scribes
Shal'i-sha
Sb.el'0-mi
Shi'mi
Sa-lo'me
Scyth'i-ans')
Shal'le-eheth
Shel'o-mith
Shim'ites
Sa'lu
Syth'i-anz }
Shal'lum
Shel'o-moth
Sbim'ma
Sa'lum
Scy-thop'o-lig
Shal'ma-i
She-lu'mi-el
Sbi'mon
8am'a-el
Scyth-o-pol'i-tans Shal'man
Shem
Shim'rath
Sa-ina'iaa
Se'ba
Shal-ma-ne'er
She'ma
Shim'ri
Sa-ma'ri-a, or
Se'bat
Sha'ma
Shem'a-ah
Shim'ritli
Sam-a-ri'a
Se-e'a-eah
Sliani-a-ri'ah
Shem-a-i'ab.
Shim'ron
Sa-mar'i-tans
Se-eh-e-ni'as
Sha'med
Shem-a-ri'ali
Sblm'ron-ite*
Sam'a-tus
Se'hu
Sha'mer
Shem'e-ber
Shim'ron
Sa-me'ius
Sed-e-ci'as)
Sham'gar
She'mer
Me'ron
Sam'gar
Sed-e-si'as >
Sham'huth
3b.e-mi'da
Shim'shai
Ne'bo
Se'gub
Sha'mir
Shem'i-nith.
Sbi'nab
Sa'mi
Se'ir
Sham'ma
She-mir'a-moth
Shi'nar
Sa'mia
Se'i-rath
Sham'mah
Sne-mu'el
Shi'phi
Sam'lah
Se'la
Sbam'ma-I
Shen
Shiph'mlte
Sam'mua
Se'la Ham-mall-
Sham'moth
She-na'zar
Shipb'ra
Samp'sa-mea
Sam son
le'koth
Se'lab.
Sham-mu'a
Sham-mu'ali
She'nir
She'pham
Sbiph'rath
Ship'tan
Sam'u-el
San-a-bas'sa-rus
Se'led
3el-e-mi'as
Sham-she-ra'I
Sha'pham
Sheph-a-ti'ah
She^phi
Shi^sba
Shi'shak
San'a-sib
3em
Sha'phan
She'pho
Shit'ra-i
San-bal'lat
San'he-drim
5em-a-eM'ab.
Sem-a-i'ab.
Sha'phat
Sha'pber
She-pba'phan
She'rah
Shit'tab.
Shit'tim Wood
San-san'nah
Sem-a-i'as
Shar'a-i
Sb.er-e-bi'ah
Shi'za
* Beu'el. P. f Sen-ach'-rib. P., Sm. J Scfo-Wnah. P.
SH VA VA VA VO 57fl
Sho'a
Shu'nem
Sil'la
So
Su-e-ca'ath-Itea
Sho'ab
Shu'ni
Sil'o-a
So'-ehoh")
Su-e'-eoth
Sho'ah
Shu'mtes
Sil'o-ah, or
So'lco $
Su-e'-eoth
Sho'ba-eh
Shu'pham
Sil'o-am
So'-eoh>
Be'noth
Sko'ba-i
Shu'pham-Ite
Sil'o-as
So'ko 5
Sud
Sho'bal
Shup'pim
Sil'o-e
So'di
Su'di-as
Sho'bek
Shur
Si-mal-eu'e
Sod'om
Suk'ki-im
Sho'bi
Shu'shan
Sim'e-on
Sod'om-Ites
Sur
Sho'^ho
Shu'shan E'duth
Sim'e-on-ltes
Sod'o-ma
Su'sa
Sho'-ehoh
Shu'thal-ites
Si'mon
Sol'o-mon
Su'san-ehltes
Sho'ham
Shu'the-lah
Sim'ri
Sop'a-ter
Su-san'nah
Sho'mer
Si'a
Sin
Soph'e-reth
Su'si
Sho'pha-eh
Si'a-ka
Si'nai
So^rek
Sy-e'a-mlne
Sho'phan
Si'ba
Si'nim
So-sip'a-ter
Sy-ce'no
Sho-shan'nim
Sib'ba-ehai
Sin'Ites
Sos'the-ne
Sy'-ehar
Sho-shan'nim
SibTao-leth
Si'on I
Sos'tra-tus
Sy-e'lua
E'duth
Sib'mah
Zi'onS
So'ta
Sy-e'ne
Shu'a
Shu'ah
Sib'ra-im
Si'-ehem
Siph'moth
Sip'pai
Sta'-ehys ")
Sta'kees j
Syn'a-gogue \
Syn'a-gog J
Shu'al
Sid'dim
Srtra^h
Sta'te
Syn'ti-ehe
Shu'ba-el
Si'de
Si'rah
Steph'a-na
Syr'i-a
Shu'bam
Shu'ham-ltes
Shu'hites
Si'don
Si-gi'o-noth
Si'ha
Sir'i-on
Sis-am'a-i
Sis'e-ra
Steph'a-nas
Ste'phen ")
Ste'ven i
Ma'a-eah
Syr'i-on
Sy-ro-phe-^
Shu'lam-Ite
Si'hon
Si-sin'nes
Su'ah
nic'i-a I
Shu'math-ites
Si'hor
Sit'nah
Su'ba
Sy-ro-fe- f
Shu'nam-ite
Si'las
Si'van
SuT)a-i
nish'ya )
T.
TA'A-NAH
Tap'pu-ah
Te'pho
Thra-se'as
Tob
Ta'a-na-eh Shi'lo
Ta'reh
Te'rah
Thum'mim
To-bi'ah
Tab'ba-oth
Tar'a-lah
Ter'a-phim
Thy-a-ti'ra
To-bi'as >
Tab'bath
Ta're-a
Te'resh
Tib'bath
To'Ue )
Ta'be-al
Tar'pel-ites
Ter'ti-us ")
Ti-be'ri-as
To'bi-el
TaTje-el
Tar'sbis
Ter'sh6-us j
Tib'ni
To-bi'jah
Ta-bel'li-us
Tarshi'sh
Ter-tullus
Ti'dal
To'bit
Tab'e-rah
Tar-shi'si
Te'ta
Tig'lath Pi-le'ser
To'-ehen
Tab'i-tha
Tar'sus
Tet'rar-eh, or
Tik'vah
To-gar'mah
Ta'bor
Tar'tak
Te'trar-eh
Tik'vath
To'hu
Tab'ri-mon
Tar'tan
Thad-de'usJ
Ti'lon
To'i
Tah'mo-nite
Tat'na-i
Tha'hash
Ti-me'lus
To'la
Tad'mor
Te'bah
Tha'mah
Tim'na
Tolad
Ta'han
Teb-a-li'ah
Tham'na-tha
Tim'nath
To-la'ites
Ta'han-Ites
Te'beth
Tha'ra
Tim'na-thah
Tol'ba-nea
Ta-haph'a-nes
Ta-hap'e-nes
Te-haph'ne-hes
Te-hin'nah
Thar'ra
Thar'shish
Tim'nath He'res
Tim'nath Se'rah
Tol'mai
To'phel
Ta'hath
Te'kel
Thas'si
Tim'nite
To'phet
Tah'pe-nes
Tah're-a
Te-ko'a, or
Te-ko'ah*
The'bez
The-o'e
Ti-mo'the-us >
Tim'o-thy $
To'u
Tra-eh-o-ni'tis
Tah'tim Hod'shi
Tal'i-tha -Gu'mi
Te-ko'itesf
Tel'a-bib
The-las'ser
The-ler'sas
Tip'sah
Ti'ras
Trip'o-lis
Tro'as
Tal'mai
Te'lah
The-o'a-nus
Ti-rath'ltes
Tro-gylli-um
Tal'mon
Tel'a-im
The-od'o-tn^
Tir'ha-kah
Troph'i-mus
Tal'sas
Te-las'sar
The-oph'i-lus
Tir'ha-nah
Try-phe'na
Ta'mah
Te'lem
The'ras
Tir'i-a
Try-pho'sa
Ta'mar
Tel-ha-re'sha
Ther'me-leth
Tir'sha-tha
Tu'bal
Tam'muz
Tel-har'sa
Thes-sa-lo-ni'-ea
Tir'zah
Tu'bal ain
Ta'nah
Tel'me-la
Theu'das
Tish'bite
Tu-bi'e-ni
Tan'hu-meth
Tel'me-lah
Thim'na-thath
Ti'van
Ty-be'ri-as
Ta'nis
Te'ma
This'be
Ti'za
Tyh'i-us
Ta'phath
Te'man
Thom'as >
Ti'zite
Ty-ran'nus
Taph'e-nes
TaPb ne
Tem'a-ni
Te'man-itea
Tem'e-ni
Tom'aa j
Thom'o-i
To'ah
To'a-nah
Tyre, ojie syllabi*
Ty'rus
U.
U'SAL
Un'ni
U-ri'as
U'thi
Uz'zen She'ruh
U'el
U-phar'sin
U'ri-el
U'za-i
Uz'zi
U'la-I
U'phaz
U-ri'jah
U'zal
Uz-zi'ah
U'lam
Ur'ba-ne
U'rim
Uz'za
Uz-zi'el
Ul'la
U'ri
U'ta
Uz'zah
Uz-zi'el-Itefl
U-ri'ah
U'tha-i
V.
VA-JEZ'A-THA | Va-ni'ah | Vash'ni Vash'ti | Voph'sl
* TeWo-a F. & K. f Tck'o-ites. F. & K. J Thad'de-v*. P. { TTies-sa-lon'i-ca. P.
676
XA
Zifi
ZI
X.
XA'GUS JXe'ne-M | Xer-o-pha'gi-a | Xe-rol'y-be
Z.
ZA-A-NA'IM
Za'a-man
Za'phon
Za'ra
Ze'lab.
Ze'lek
Zer-n-i'ah
Zer-vi'ah
Za-a-nan'niin
Zar'a-ces
Ze-lo'phe-ad
Ze'tham
Za'a-van
Za'rah
Ze-lo'tes
Ze'than
Za'bad
Zar-a-i'aa
Zel'zah
Ze'thar
Zab-a-dse'ans
Za're-ah
Zem-a-ra'irn
Zi'a
Zab-a-da'ias
Za're-ath-Ites
Zem'a-rlte
Zi'ba
Zab'bai
Za'red
Ze-mi'ra
Zib'e-on
Zab-de'us
Zar'e-phatli
Ze'nan
Zib'i-oa
Zab'di
Zar'e-tan
Ze'nas
Zi-eh'ri )
Zab'di-el
Za'retb Sha'har
Ze-or'im
Zik'ri /
Za-bi'na
Zar'hites
Zeph-a-ni'ah
Zid'dim
Za'bud
Zar'ta-nah
Ze'phatb.
Zid-ki'jah
Zab'u-lou
Za-e'ca-i
Zar'than
Zath'o-e
Zeph'a-thab.
Ze phi, or
Zi'don, or
Sidon
Za*-eJie'u3)
Zath'thu
Ze'pho
Zi-do'ni-aus
Zalf-ke'us j
Za-thu'i
Ze'pb.on
Zif
Za'-eur
Zat'tu
Zepb.'on-lte3
Zi'ha
Za-ch-a-ri'ab.
Za'van
Zer
Zik'lag
Za'-cher)
Za'za
Ze'rah
Zil'lah
Za'lter f
Zeb-a-di'ah
Zer-a-M ah
Zil'pah
Za'ham
Ze'bah
Zer-a-i'a
Zil'thai
Za'ir
Ze-ba'im
Ze'rau
Zim'mab.
Za'laph
Zeb'e-dee
Ze'red
Zim'rain, or
Zal'mon
Ze-bi'na
Zer'e-da
Zim'ran
Zal-mo'nah
Ze-bo'im
Zer'e-dah
Zim'ri
Zal-mun'nah
Ze-bu'da
Ze-red'a-tliab.
Zin
Zain'bis
ZeTbul
Zer'e-rath
Zi'na
Zam'bri
Zeb'u-lon
Ze'resb.
Zi'on, or
Za'moth
Zeb'u-lon-ito*
Ze'reth
Si'ou
Zam-zum 'ini ni *
Z&eh-a-ri'ah
Ze'ri
Zi'or
Za-no'ah
Ze'dad
Ze'ror
Ziph
Zaph-nath-pa-a-
ne'ah
Zed-e-ki'ab.
Zeeb
Ze-ru'ab.
Ze-rub'ba-bel
Zi'phah
Ziph'i-on
I Xys'tua
Ziph'ites
Zi r phron
Zip'por
Zip-po'rafc
Zith'ri
Ziz
Zi'za
Zi'zah
Zi'na
Zo'an
Zo'ar
Zo'ba, or
Zo'bah.
Zo-be'bab.
Zo'har
Zo'he-leth
Zon'a-ras
Zo'peth
Zo'phah
Zo'phai
Zo'phar
Zo'phim
Zo'rah
Zo'rath-itea
Zo're-ah
Zo'rites
Zo-rob'a-bel
Zu'ar
Zuph
Zur
Zu'ri-el
Zu-ri-shad'tla-i
Zu'zim
THE PRONUNCIATION
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES,
ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OP BALDY/IN'S " UNIVEESAL PBONOUNCING GAZETTEER.'
ELEMENTS OF THE PRONUNCIATION OF THE PRINCIPAL
CONTINENTAL EUROPEAN LANGUAGES.
VOWELS.
1. IN the continental languages of Europe, o never
has its long English sound, as in the words fate,
name, but usually the Italian sound as in far or fa-
ther, sometimes approximating its short sound, as
in fat.
2. E generally has a sound similar to a in fate, or
else to e in met. In French, it is often silent.
3. I usually sounds as in the word marine, i.e. like
long e ; but it is not unfrequeutly short, as in pin.
4. has nearly the same sound as in the English
words no, not, and nor, except in Swedish, where it
is pronounced like our oo.
5. 17 is pronounced in most languages like our oo ;
but in French and Dutch it has a sound intermediate
between oo and long e, which can only be learned
from an oral instructor.
6. Y is usually pronounced like i, that is, like our
e. In Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish, it sounds
like the French u; in Dutch it is like our long i.
DIPHTHONGS.
7. Aa in Danish or Norwegian, and ao in Swedish,
sound like o.
8. The diphthong ae or a is generally pronounced
nearly like our o in fate or e in met. In Dutch ae
resembles a in far.
0. Ai and ay are generally sounded like our Ion? t.
In French they are similar in sound to our a in fate
or ay in day.
10 Au has generally the sound of the English ov,
as in now. &c. In French au and eau are pronounc-
ed like long o.
11. Ei and ey are generally proper diphthongs,
combining the sounds of a in fate and e in m
similar to ay in day when this word is pronounced
very full. In German they are like our long i ; in
French nearly like our a in fata.
12. Ev, In French has a sound similar to v. in our
word/ur, or like u in tub, but more prolonged; in
German, eu and au sound like oi in English.
13. The diphthong ie is usually pronounced like
our c, or e long.
14. Oc or o occurs in several of the European lan-
guages, and is usually pronounced nearly like the
French eu, or e in the English word her. Some idea
of this sound might be formed by combining the
sounds of short u and e (u in nut, and e in bet) thus
uS, and allowing the voice to dwell a littlo on u.
Giithe might be pronounced guh't-t-ah ; but the u
and e should rather form one long syllable than
two short ones ; the lips, at the same time, being a
little protruded, nearly as in the pronunciation o f
oo.
15.^ Oi in French is usually sounded like woh,
or wu. Sometimes, however, it has the sound of
ai, or nearly the sound of a in fate.
16. Ou in French is like our oo ; in Dutch and Nor-
wegian like die, or ou in the English word our.
17. Ue or u sounds like the French u.
CONSONANTS.
The consonants in the continental languages of
Europe are generally similar in sound to the same
letters in English. The following exceptions may
be mentioned :
18. B, at the end of a word in German, is pro-
nounced like p ; between two vowels in Spanish its
sound is somewhat similar to v.
19. C, before e and i in Italian, is pronounced like
c?i in the English word chill; in the same position in
Spanish, it sounds like the Spanish z, or like our th
in tliin (except in the Catalan dialect, where it has
the sound of s). In German, c before e, i, and y, is
pronounced like the German z, or like is in L"
In Polish it has the same sound, even at the end of
a word, thus, Prypec is pronounced pri
20. D, at the end of u, word in German and Dutch,
is pronounced like t. In Spanish and D;u: :
tween two vowels or at the end of a word it has a
sound similar to tit in
21. In all the European languages g is hard before
a, o, and u; in German, Danish, Norwegian, and
Polish, it is hard in every situation, though it some-
times has a guttural sound. Before e and i (or y), in
French, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swedish, it is like
thej of these languages. In the same position in
Italian, it sounds like our ; or soft g. In Dutch it is
37
578
always pronounced like h strongly aspirated. Gv,
before e and i, in French, Portuguese, and Spanish,
sounds like g hard.
22. H, in French, Spanish, Italian, and Portu-
guese, is either never pronounced at all, or else is
sounded so slightly than an English ear can scarcely
perceive it. In the other languages of Europe it has
the same sound as in English.
23. J, in Italian, German, Polish, Swedish, Nor-
wegian, Danish, and Dutch, is pronounced like our
y. In French and Portuguese it has the sound of
th, or s in the English word pleasure. In Spanish it
is equivalent to x, being similar in sound to a
strongly-aspirated ft.
24. If and n, at the end of a syllable in French
and Portuguese, often have a nasal sound, similar
to our ng. For example, Ion in French is pro-
nounced almost bong; alem or alen, in Portuguese,
is sounded like a-leng 7 . In pronouncing the nasal
m and n in French, care should be taken not to pro-
duce the ringing sound of the English termination
25. N in Spanish (like nft in Portuguese and gn in
French and Italian) has the sound of ny ; Mino and
Miriho are pronounced alike, raeen'yo. (See 34.)
26. Qu, before e and i in Portuguese and Spanish,
and before every vowel in French, has the sound
27. E, in most European languages, is trilled more
strongly than in English, particularly at the end of
a word or syllable.
28. S, in many European tongues, when between
two vowels, is very soft, having almost the sound of
our z. In German it is often so pronounced at the
beginning of a syllable. In Hungarian it sounds
like our sh or the German sch.
29. W, in German and some other languages, is
nearly similar to our v.
30. X in Spanish generally sounds like a strongly-
aspirated ft. (See 23.) In Portuguese it is pro-
nounced like our sh.
31. Z, in German and Swedish, has the sound of
ts ; in Italian, * usually sounds like ds, M like ts.
COMBINED CONSONANTS.
32. C7i in Spanish has the same sound as in the
English word chill (except in the dialect of Catalo-
nia, where it sounds like fc). In Italian it is pro-
nounced like fc ; in German, Polish, and some other
languages, it has a guttural sound somewhat similar
to a strongly-aspirated 7i. In French (except in the
case of some words derived from the Greek) and in
Portuguese, c?i has the sound of our sTi.
33. Gh in Italian is like our g hard.
34. Gn, in French and Italian (like n in Spanish)
combines the sounds of n and y consonant. (See 25.)
35. Lli in Portuguese, and II in Spanish, sound like
our ly : e. g. velho is pronounced vel'yo ; villa veel'-
ya ; llano, lya'no.
36. Nil in Portuguese is pronounced like the
Spanish 71. (See 25 and 34.)
37. Sz, in Hungarian and German, is sounded like
sharp s or ss .
38. Sell in German is pronounced like sh in Eng-
lish ; in Dutch, however, scTi has a sound similar to
our s7c.
39. Th, in all the continental European languages
except Greek (in which the character Sr has the
same sound as our t?i), is pronounced like simple t.
R E M A E K S.
I, in French and some other languages, often has
a sound intermediate between our ee and short i :
mile might he pronounced in English mil or veel.
in on nasal should be pronounced like o in no or note,
but not so long. In marking the pronunciation of
foreign names, we have usually preferred to use a, e
(as e) and 6, rather than a e I o as the speaker would
be in danger ot prolonging the sounds of the latter
too much. E (not marked with an accent) in French
is usually silent ; and it is occasionally so in Danish
and German.
In pronouncing French words or names, the accent
should be placed nearly equally on all the syllables,
but the principal accent should usually fall on the
lost.
A double letter in foreign ^words is to be sounded
more distinctly and fully than a single letter of the
same kind.
EXPLANATION OF THE ABBKEVIATIONS AND SIGNS USED TO INDICATE
THE PRONUNCIATION, &c.
Arab. Arabic.
Dan. Danish.
Flem. Flemish.
IV. French.
Ger. German.
Hun. Hungarian.
JJorw. Norwegian.
Port. Portuguese.
pron. pronunciation.
Buss. Russian.
Sp. Spanish.
Siv. Swedish.
syn. synonymous with.
Turk. Turkish.
The vowels a, e, i, o, marked with a point tinder-
neath, have an obscure sound similar to short u :
thus, Merton should be pronounced mur'tun or
mtir't'n.
4 is employed to denote the long sound of a.
a is broad, having a sound similar to o in not.
6 has a sound similar to e in lier (see 14) ;* it may
be Anglicised by e.
il is like the French u (see 5),* which it is employed
in pronunciation to represent ; it may be Anglicised
by the English u.
tr, small capital, is intended to represent the
sound of the French eu (se 12) ;* it should be pro-
nounced like u in the English word/ur.
D, small capital, is intended to represent a sound
similar to ill in this. (See 20.)*
o and K, small capitals, indicate the sound of the
German cli, or one similar to it. (See 32.)*
H, small capital, has a sound somewhat similar to
the preceding, but more resembling a strongly -aspi-
rated h.
I (I liquid) is to be pronounced like lli in million ;
it blends the sound of I and y consonant.
M and N, small capitals, and NG, are used to repre-
sent the nasal sound in French, being similar in
sound to ng. (See 24.)*
ft is pronounced like ni in minion ; it blends the
sounds of n and y consonant. (See 25 and 34.)*
R, small capital, has the sound of rr in terror.
(See 27.)*
w (small capital) has a sound similar to our v.
y and ey, at the end of an unaccented syllable,
sound like e in me.
ai and ay, are considered to be equivalent to o in
fate.
au and aw have the sound of a in fall.
6 indicates a sound similar to i in the first sylla-
ble of spirit.
Sw is to be pronounced like ow in cow or ouic
Tiour.
gli is employed in pronunciation for g hard.
ss is sometimes used to mark the sharp sound
ofs.
s sounds like z.
th is to be pronounced like th. in this.
The sounds of the figured vowels are explained at the bottom of the page.
* These figures refer to the elements of Pronunciation given above.
ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS
OK THE
PROPER PRONUNCIATION OF FOREIGN NAMES.
1. EVERY letter or combination of letters occur-
ring in the pronunciation of a word or name is to be
pronounced with its proper English sound; e. g. ch
is to be spunded as in chill, g as in get; &c. from
not attending to this simple and obvious rule, many per-
sons fail to pronounce names correctly, even while they
have the pronunciation clearly and accurately marked
before their eyes. Thus, we have given Che-wu x wa as
the pronunciation of Chihuahua; many, however,
with this pronunciation before them, have called it
sTie-wu'wa, not considering that if such had been the
true sound, we should have written it with sh. Cha-
pala is in like manner most improperly pronounced
sM-pu la. A.11 persons desirous of speaking correctly,
should carefully guard against this most vicious
pronunciation.
In connection with this subject, it may be observ-
ed that, in names where the pronunciation is not re-
peated, ou and ow, if not otherwise marked, are to
be sounded as in our and noiu ; a vowel followed by
a consonant ending the syllable, if not marked long,
is to be pronounced short, &c.
2. In the pronunciation of foreign names, par-
ticular care should be taken not to allow a to fall
into the third or broad sound of this vowel an error
to which English and American speakers are very
prone; it would be far better, generally speaking,
to pronounce it like a in fat. It may be observed,
however, that a before n nasal in French is usually
broad, almost like o in riot. We have accordingly
represented an nasal by ON or ON.
3. In pronouncing French words containing on
nasal, the speaker should be careful not to give o its
short sound, since this is not only incorrect, but is
liable to confound the word with others entirely
different in spelling and signification. By this
faulty pronunciation Ion (good) is sounded like ban
(ban or exile) ; bon should be pronounced buN G al-
most bong. Toulon should either be entirely Angli-
cised (as too'Zun), or else pronounced too v loNG'
almost toolong'. For the same reasons, eu in names
not Anglicized should have its distinct sound, like
our u in fur, and not be confounded with the French
ou or u. There is no sufficient reason why the French
names Dreux (druh) and Droux (droo), Leure (!UR)
and Lure (!UR), should not be distinguished from
each other in pronunciation, as well as our words
grum and groom, cur and cure.
4. In the pronunciation of foreign names, the
speaker should be careful to pronounce all vowels,
whether in an accented or unaccented syllable, distinctly,
if they are not expressly marked as obscure.
5. r in the middle of a syllable, or at the end of
an accented syllable, is like i ; at the end of an un-
accented syllable, like e.
6. When h (not small capital) occurs at the end
of a syllable in the pronunciation of a name, it is
not to be sounded. It is employed to enable the
learner more readily to pronounce the preceding
vowel short, as druh, &c.
7. Ah is employed in this Vocabulary to denote a
sound intermediate between a and a, but more re-
sembling the latter, as al-a-bah'ma, co-lo-rah'do.
The speaker should be very careful not to pronounce
the penultimate a in these names like that in far or
father. '
8. An acute accent (0 is used to mark the primary
accent of a name ; a grave O to mark the secondary
accent : e.g. Pas v sa-ma-quod'dy.
9. It is to be observed that the number of sylla-
bles in the names of this Vocabularly is to be deter-
mined by the accents or hyphens : thus, Ice'la-ben,
the pronunciation of Eisleben, has three syllables,
not four, the e in the first syllable (ice) being silent ;
dnyes'ter, the Russian p-ronunciation of Dniester,
must be pronounced not dni-es'ter but dfies'ter, the
ny being employed to indicate the sound of the
Spanish n, in other words, that of ni in minion.
10. An Italic letter in the spelling of a name is
silent : thus, Jes'samine is to be pronounced as if
written Jes'samin.
11. The abbreviation syn. (" synonymous with")
indicates that the name to which it is affixed is either
simply another spelling of the name referred to, or
that it designates the same place.
Different modes are sometimes made use of in
order to indicate the same sound: thus, i long
followed by s sharp may be represented by iss or
ice, we have, in the pronunciation of Eisleben, pre-
ferred using Ice, as being simpler for the common,
reader. In a multitude of cases it obviously makes
but little difference whether we select one or
another of several modes : Trenton, for example,
may be pronounced tren'tun, tren'ton, tren'ten, or
tren't'n, the point being to show that the sound of
o in the unaccented syllable is very short and indis-
tinctin fact almost silent.
%* THE reader may observe that, in this part of
our work, we have not followed the method of mark-
ing the pronunciation adopted in the foregoing part
of the Dictionary. The adoption of a different sys-
tem of notation was necessary, in order, as far as
possible, to represent all the variety of sounds in
the different European languages ; and, as we have
freely used the materials of Baldwin's " Universal
Pronouncing Gazetteer," so the system of marking
the sounds of the letters that we have adopted, is
essentially the same as that employed in that im-
portant work. It may also be remarked that the
second or Italian sound of a (which occurs in the
pronunciation of foreign names far more frequently
than any other vowel sound) is represented in the
Dictionary by a. To this character there cannot be
the slightest objection when we wish to mark the
sounds of English words only. It is, .however, far
otherwise with regard to foreign names, in which
this very character (a) almost always has the sound
of a or e, and never that of i.
THE PRONUNCIATION
OF
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES.
Fate, far, fall, fat; me, mlt ; ni, nSt ; a, e, i, o, obscure ; a, g, i, 6, u, long ; &, 8, 1, o, tt, 7iort ; oo as in mooru
Aa, 4.
Aachen, H'KH, syn. Aix-la-Cha-
pelle.
Aalbor?, ol r bORG.
Aar, &R, or Aren, a'rn.
Aargau, iiR'gow (Fr. Argovie, aR x -
go-ve').
Aath, at, syn. Ath.
Abakan, a-ba-kftn'.
Abankansk, a-ba-kansk'.
Abaucay, a-ba-ki'.
Abano, a-ba'no.
Abascia or Abassia, ab-ash'e-n.
Abbeville (France), abbVeel', or
abbVill',
Abbeville (S. C.), aVbe-vil.
Ab'r-broth'9Ck or Ar-broath'.
Ab-?r-deen'.
Abergavenny, ab-er-ga'ne.
Ab-er-ist'with (th as in thin) .
Ab'ing-don.
Abo, ft'bo (Sw. Aobo. G'boo) .
Abomey, ab-o-ma'.
Abookeer, Aboukir, or Abukir,
a-boo-keer'.
Abootizh, Aboutige, or Aboutij,
a-boo-tizh'; written, also, Abu-
tisch and Abootish.
Abrantes, a-briin'tes.
Abrolhos, a-brole'yoce.
Abruzzo Citra, d-broot'so chee'tra.
Abruzzo Ultra, a-broot'so ool'tra.
Abukir See Abookeer.
Ab-ys-sin-i-a.
Acapulco, a-ka-pool'ko.
Ac'co-mack.
Ach-een' or Atch-een'.
Achmim or Akhrnym, aK-meem'
Achmouneyn. See Oshmooneyn.
Acqui or Aqui, a'que
A^ra or Ac'cra.
Acre, ak?r or a'k?r.
Adalia, a-da'le-a, or Satalia, sa-ta'-
le-a.
Adana, a'da-na.
Adel, a-del'.
Aden, a'den or a'd?en.
Adige, S/de-je (It. pron. a'de-ja,
Ger. EtschetclO-
Adirbeitzan. See Azerbaijan.
Ad-I-ron'dack.
Adlerberg, a'dler-b^RQ x , or Arlberg
aEl'-b^RO.
Adour, 4d x ooE ; .
Adowah, 4'do-wJ, or Adova, a-do-
va.
Adramiti, a v dra-mee'te.
Adria, a'dre-a.
Adrianople, ad-re-an o'nel.
A^dri-at'ic.
JEgean (Sea), e-jee'an
JEroe, a'ro or a'ra\'
^Etna. See Etna..
Afghanistan, af-ganHs-tau'.
Afioom, Afioum, or Afium, a-fe-
oom'.
Afragola, a-fra-go'la.
Afrl-ca.
Agde, agd.
Agen, a v zhaNg'. [This is an ex-
ception to a general rule : the
regular pronunciation would be
almost a x zh6Ng'.]
Agnone, an-yo'na.
Agosta, a-gos'ta.
Agra, 4'gra.
Aguadilla, a-gwa-Deel'ya.
Agua Nueya, a'gwa nwa'va.
Aguas Calientes, a'gwas ka-le-an'-
t^s.
Agulhas, a-gool'yas.
Ahnaedaba^. a v med-a-bid' c
Ah v med-nug'ger.
Aichstadt. See Eichstadt.
Ain, aNg.
Aiutab, ine-tab'.
Aisne, an or an.
Aix, aks.
Aix-la-Chapelle, Sks-la-sha^pell'.
(Ger. Aachen, 5/Ken).
Ajaccio, a-yat'ch"o, or Ajazzo, a-
yat'so.
Akerman, a'ker-man 1 .
Akhissar, ak v his-san'.
Akhmym or Achmim, aK-meem',
written sometimes Ekhmym.
Akshehr, Akchehr, or Akscheher.
ak-sh^h'r' or ak-sha'her.
Alabama, al-a-bah'ma.
Alachua, al-atch'u a.
Alois, a x la'
Alamo, a'la-mo.
Alamos, a'la-nioce a
Aland, a x land Sw. Aland, 6'land).
Alashehr or Alaschehr, a'la-eh^hV
or a-la-shi'her.
Alba, 41'bi.
Albacete, al-ba-tha'ta.
Alba Ju'W-a, syn. Karlsburg.
Al-ba'nf-a (Turk. Arnaootleek or
Arnaoutlik, aa^na-ootleek) .
Albano, il-bi'no.
Albans, St., sent awl'bunz.
Albany, awl'bgu-e.
Al'be-marle (in England).
Al-be-marle' (in the United States)
Albuquerque, al-boo-keB'ka.
Al'by or AIM (Fr. pron. arbe').
Alcala, al-ka-la'.
Alcala de Hen ares, al-ka-la' da'en-
a'r^s.
Alcamo, alTra-mo.
Alcaniz, al-kan-yeeth'.
Alcantara, al-kan'ta-ra.
Alckniaer. See Alkmaar.
Alcoy, al-ko'e.
Alderney, awl'der-ne.
Alem Tejo or Alen-Tejo, a-leng-ta'
zho.
Alen^on, a-len'son (Fr. Pron.
Al-ep'po, or Haleb,
Aleria, a-la-ree'a.
Alessandria, al-s-san'dre-a.
Aleutian, a-lu'she-an, or Aleutan,
a-lu'tan.
Al-ex-aii-dret'ta, syn. Scanderoon.
Al-ex-an'dri-a.
Alford, aul-ford.
Algarve, al-gaR/v;i, or Al-gar'bl-a.
Algeziras, al-j^z-ee'ras, or Algeci-
ras (Sp. pron. of both. al-Ha-
thee'-rtts).
Algiers, al-jeerz'
Alhama, al-a'ma, or al-ha'ma.
Alicante, a-le-kan'ta, or Al-i-cant'.
Alicata, &-le-ka'ta.
Alkmaar or Alkmaer, alk-mar'.
Allahabad, ariah-ha-bad'.
Alle, al'leh.
Arie-gha'ny.
Allier, Mle-a'.
Al'lo-a.
Almaden, al-ma-nen'.
Almeida, al-ma'e-dct.
Almeria, M-ma-ree-d.
Almunecar, al-moon-ya-kas'.
Alnwick, an'nik.
Al-pen'na.
Alps, alps.
Alsace, Irsiss.
Altai, al-tl'.
Altamaha, awrta-ma-haw'.
Altamira, al-ta-mee'r'i.
Altamura, al-ta-moo'ra.
Al'ten-burg (Ger. pron. alt^a-
.
Altena or Altona, al'to-ni.
ALT
ARE
AVE
55 as in good, ; ow as in noic ; a like 2; gh like g hard ; th as in this.
Altorf, al-toRf, or Altdorf,
Altzey or Alzey, alt'sl.
Alyarado, al-va-ra'do.
Ainager, A/mi-glier.
Amalfi, a-mal'fe.
Amarapoora. Sea Ummerapoora.
Amasera or Amasreh, a-mas'ra.
Amasia or Amasieh, a-ma'see'a.
Am'a-zon (Sp. Marafion, ma-ran-
yone', called, also, Orellana,
o-rel-ya'na).
Arn-a-ro'nY-a.
Am'berg (Ger. pron. am'b<?RO).
Ambert, an x baiR'.
Amboise, aiib'wSz' (almost 6nb x -
wlz).
Am-boy'.
Am-boy'na
Ameland, a'mel-ant.
Am.eVl-ca.
Amorsforfc or Amersfoort, a'mers-
fort.
Amhara, am-ha'ra.
Amherst, am'urst.
Amherstburg, am'urst-burg.
Amieng, am'e-enz (Fr. pron. a^me-
6N G/ ).
A mite, am-eet'.
Amlwch, am'look.
Am-mon-oo'suck.
Amoo or Amou, a-moo', syn.
Ox us.
Amoor or Amour, a-moor'.
Amoskeag, am-ps-keg 7 .
Amretsir, am-ret-seer', or Um-rit-
seer'.
Am'ster-dam.
Ainu. See Amoo.
Amur. See Amoor.
An-a-deer' or Anadir.
Anahuac, an-a-wik'.
An-a-to'll-a, syn. Natolia:
An-co'na.
Andalusia, an-da-lu'she-a (Sp. An-
dalucia, an-da-loo-thee'a) .
An-da-man'.
Ande'lys, Les, laze-oNd'le'.
Andernach, an'dr-naK.
Andes, an'diz.
Andorra, an-dor'ra.
An'do-ver
Andro, an'dro, or An'dros.
An N dr ps-cog'gin .
Andujar or Auduxar, an-doo'nar.
Angermanland, ong'?r-man-land.
Angers, an'jerz, formerly written
Angiers (Fr. pron. os'z'hh').
Anglesey or Anglesea, ang'gl-se.
An-go'la.
An-go'r^ or An-goo'ra (Turk. En-
goor').
Angostura, an-gos-too'ra
Angouleme, 6Ng v goo v laim'.
Angra, ang'gri.
Anguilla, ang-gliil'la (Sp. Anguila,
an-gheela).
Angus, Ang'gus.
Anhalt, an'hi'dt.
Anholt, an'holt.
Anjou, an'joo (Fr. pron. 6N QX -
zb.oo').
Anjouan. See Anzouan.
An'klam.
An-ko'ber.
An'na-berg 1 (Ger.pron .
An-nap'o-lis.
Anne Ar-un'del.
Annecy, ann x se'.
An-no-nay'.
Anspach, ans*paK.
Ante^uera, 4n-ta-ka'ri.
Antibes,
Anticosti, an-te-kos'te.
Antietam, an-tee'tom.
Auti?ua, an-tee'ga.
Antilles, aN-teel y o
Antioch, an'te-ok (Turk. Antakia,
an-ta'kee x *).
Antioquia, an'te-o-kee'a.
Antisana, an-te-sa'na.
Ant'w?rp (Dutch, Antwerpen,
ant'-werp-en ; Fr. Auvers, 6N GX -
Anzin,
Anzooan or Anzuun, an-zoo-an';
written, also, Anjouan.
Aosta, d-os'ti.
Apache, a-pa'cha.
Apalachicola. See Appalachicola.
Ap'en-nlnes.
Ap-pa-lach-I-co'la.
Appenzell, ap-pent-sell'.
Apling.
Ap-pe-mat'tox.
Apt, apt.
Apure, a-poo'ri.
Aquila, a'que-la.
Aquin, a v kaN G/ .
Aquino, a-quee'no.
Arabia, ar-a'be-a.
Aracan. See Arracan.
Arad, or'5d\
Aragon, ar'ra-gon (Sp. pron. ar-ri-
gon').
Araguaoy, ar-a-gwl'.
Aral, ar'al.
Aranjuez, a-ran-nweth'.
Ar-ap'a-hoe.
Ararat, ar'a-rat.
Aras, ar'as, or Ar-ax'es.
Ar-broath', syn. Aberbrothock.
Archangel, ark-ain'jel (Buss. pron.
Ar-cot'.
Ardeche,
Ar'den or Ardennes, aB x denn'.
Arensberg, a'rens-b&RG, syn. Arns-
berg.
Arequipa, a-ra-kee'pa.
Arezzo, a-ret'so.
Argentan,
Argenteuil,
Argentine (ar'jeii-tm) Republic
(Sp. Kepublica Argentina, ra-
poob'le-ka aK-H^n-tee'n'g, syn.
La Plata.
Argentiere, aR x zhoN GV te-aiR'.
Argostoli, aR-gos'to-le.
Argyle or Argyll, ar-ghil'.
Argyro Castrp, aR'ghe-ro kia'tro.
Arica, a-ree'ka.
Ari^ge, a're-aizh'.
Ar-kan'sas, formerly pronounced,
and sometimes written, Ar'-
kan-saw.
Ar-kee'ko ; written, also, Arkiko.
ArllDerg (Ger. pron. axd/beROt), syn
Adlerberg.
Aries, arlz' (Fr. pron. aRl).
Armagh, ar-mfV.
Armagnac,
Ar-me'ni-a.
Armentiere,
ArnTiem or Arnheim, arn'hlme.
Arns'berg (Ger. pron, aRns'b(?RG.
Arnstadt, aun'statt.
Ar-oos'took.
Arpino, aR-pee'no.
Ar x ra-can' or Aracan.
Ar-rap'a-hoe, syn. Arapahoe.
Ar'ras (Fr. pron. ar v r;Css')
Arroe ; more correctly,
691
Artois,
Arundel, ar'un-del (in England).
Ar-un'd<?l (in the U. S.).
Asaph, az'af.
Aschaffenburg, ash-affen-burg
(Ger. pron. a-shaf'fen-b55RG x ).
Aschersleben, ash-ers-la'bn.
Ash-ta-bu'la.
Ash'ton.
Ashuelot, ash'we-lot.
Ascoli, aa'ko-le.
Ash-an'tee or ash x an-tee', some-
times written Achanti.
Asia, a'she-a (often improperly
pronounced a'zhe-a).
As-sam'.
Assen, as'sen.
Assisi, As-see'se.
Assouan or Assuan. See Asswan.
Assumption, as-sump'shun (Sp.
Asuncion, a-soon-the-on').
Asswan, Assouan, or Assuan, is-
swan.
Asterabad, as v te-ra-bad', or Astra-
bad, as v tra-bad'.
Asti, as'te.
Astorga, ds-tor'gi.
As-to'rI-a.
As-tra-can' or Astrakhan (Buss.
pron. as-tra-K&n').
Asturias, as-too're-as.
Atacama, a-ta-ka'ma.
Atchafalaya, atch-af-a-li'a.
Atch-een' or Acheen.
At-fe', sometimes written Atfih.
Ath or Aath, &t.
Ath-a-pes'cow or Ath-a-bas'ca.
Athens.
Ath-bone'.
Athy, ath-1'.
Atina, a-tee'na.
At-lan'tic
At'las.
Atopi. See Atuai.
Atri, ii'tre.
Attigny, at^eenVe'.
At-tock' or Attock Benares, at-
tock' ben-a'rez.
Atuai, at-oo-I', or Tauai, tow-1'
Aube, ob.
Aubusson 6 x bu3 v SuN G/ .
Auch, osh.
Aude, 6d.
Audenarde, 6'den-aRd', syn. Ou-
denarde.
Auerbach, 8w'er-baK\
Augsburg (Ger. pron. Swos'bSfiRG).
Augustine (St.), aw'gus-teen.
Aurich, 8w'riK.
Aurungabad, 6-rung'ga-bad'.
Aus'ter-litz (Ger. pron. ows'ter.
litz).
Australasia, aus-tral-i'she-a
Australia, aus-tri'le-a.
Aus'trla (Ger. Oestreich, ost'rlKe) .
Au-tau'ga.
Autun, 6'tuN G/ .
Auvergne, 6-veRn' or 6 x vairn'
Aux Cayes, o kay.
Auxerre, 6-saiB'.
Auxonne, 6x v onn', or Aussoune,
os'sonn'.
Ava, a'va.
AvaUon, aValUiN^.
Avatchka. See Awatska.
Areiro, a-va'e-ro.
Avella, 4-vel'ia.
AveUiuo, a-vel-lee'no.
Avenches, aVoNsh'.
Averno, a-v^R'no.
Aversa, a-vea'sa.
582
AVE
BEL
BLA
Fate, fur, fill, fat; m&, mlt j ny, n5t; a, e, j, o, obscure; a, e, 1, o, u, long; 8, ?, X, 5, ti, short; oo a 3 in moon.
Avesnes, aVain',
Aveyron, AV4HN*'.
Avezzano, a-vet-sa no.
Avignon, a x veen*y6N G '.
Avila, u've-la.
Avlona. av-lo'na.
Avon, a'von.
Avoyelles, av-oi-elz' (commonly
called a-vi'el).
Avranches av^Nsh'.
Awats'ka or A-vatch'ka.
Axoom, Axoum, or Axum, axoom'.
Ayamonte, Ta-mon'ta.
Ayasoolook, I'a-soo-look :; written
also, Ayasalo'uk and Ajasaluk.
Aylesbnry, ailz'bgr-e.
Ayr, air.
Ayrshire, air'shir.
Azerbaijan, uz-er-bi-jan'.
Az'of, Azoph, or Azov.
Azores, az'ors or az-o'rez (Port.
Ajores, a-so're's).
B.
Baalbec, Bilrbek, syn. Balbec.
Ba'bel-man'del, or, more correctly,
Bab-el-man'deb.
Bacchiglione, bak-keel-yo'ni.
Ba-dag'ry,
Badajos, bad-a-hoce' (Sp. Badajos,
ba-Da-Huth').
Badakhshan. See Budukshan.
Badenweiler, ba-den-wi'ler.
Baeza or Bae$a, ba-a'tha.
Baffin's (Bay).
Bagdad, bag-dad' or bag' dad;
written, also, Bagdat.
Bagnarea, bau-ya-ra/a.
JBagneres de Bigorre, ban v yaiR'
deh be^goB,'.
Bagneres de Luchon, Mn v yaiR'
Bagnols,
Bahamas, ba-ha'maz.
Babia, ba-ee'a, or San Salvador,
san salVfi-dor'.
Bahrein, Bah-rane'.
Bahr-el-Abiad, bah'r-el-a'be-ad x .
Bahr-el-Azrek, bah'r-el-iiz'rek x .
Baikal, bl'kar.
Baireuth, bl'ruth (Ger. pron. bl'-
roit).
Bairout. See Beyroot.
Baja, ba'ya.
Bajazid. See Bayazeed.
Bal'a-ghauts'.
Balaruc, bil'la^k'.
Balaton; more correctly, Bala-
tony, ba'la-ton, syn. Flatten Sea.
BalTaec or Bal v bek'.
Bale, bal, syn. Basel
Balearic, bal-e-ar'ik (Islands).
Bal-fur-osh' or Bal-froosh'; writ-
ten, also, Balfrouch and Bal-
frusch.
Balize, ba-leez'.
Balkan, bM-kan'.
Balkh, balK, written, also, Bulkh.
Ballina, bal x e-na'.
Ballinasloe, bal^lin-a-slo'.
Ballston Spa, bawls'tpn spi or
spaw.
Bal'ly-shan'non.
Baltic, bawl'tik.
Baltimore, bawl'te-moreorbawlt'-
Baltingglass, bawlt-ing-glass'.
Bam'eprg (Ger. pron. bam'blEG).
Barn-book'; written, also, Bam-
bouk and Bambuk.
Banca, bank'ka.
Banff, bamff.
Banffshire, bamf sh;r.
Bangalore, bang N ga-lor'.
Bangkok'.
Bangor, bang'gher (in England).
Ban'gor (in the U. S.)
Ban'nacks (Indians).
Ban x nock-burn'.
Ban x ta'm'.
Bapaume, ba^poni'.
Bar-a-co'a.
Barbados or Barbadoes, bar-ba'-
dpz.
Bar-le-duc, baE x leh-d\ik'.
Barbary, bar'b?r-e.
Barbour, bar'br.
Barbuda, bar-boo'da.
Bar-ce-lo,'na, bar-tha-lo'na.
Barege, ba^raizh'.
Bareilly, bar-a'le.
Bari, ba're.
Barita, bfi-ree'ta, or Barrita.
Barletta Ban-let'tri.
Barnaul, baE-n5wl'.
Bar-ne-gat'.
Barnsley, barnzle.
Baroach, ba-rotch'.
Bar-o'da.
Bar're (in two syllables) .
Barrage or Barege, bar^raizh'.
Basel, ba'zel (Fr. Bale or Basle,
bal).
Basque, bask.
Basrah, bas'ra, syn. Bassora.
Bassano, bas-sa'no.
Basse-terre, bass x -taiR'.
Bassora, bas'so-ra, or Bas'rah.
Bastia, bas-tee'a.
Ba-ta'vl'a.
Baton Rouge, bat'un roozh.
Battaglia or La Battaglia, la bat-
tal'ya.
Bautzen, bowt'sen.
Ba-va'rl-a (Ger. Baiern, bi'ern).
Bay'azeed or Bayazid, bi x a-zeed'.
Bayeux, baVuh'.
Bayonne, ba x yonn'.
Bayou, bl'oo.
Beam, ba'aE'.
Beaucoup, bo-koo'.
Beaufort, bo'furt.
Beauley, bS'le.
Beaumaris, bo-ma'ris.
Beaune, bon.
Beauvais, bo v va'.
Beccles, bek'klz.
Bedfordshire, bed'furd-shir.
Bedouin or Beduin, bed'65-in, or
Bed'o-ween.
Bee'dr ; written, also, Bider.
Effort, ba v foR', syn. Belfort.
Behring's, bee'ringz (Strait).
Beira, ba'e-ra, syn. Beyra,
Beiroot or Beirout. See Beyroot.
Beith, beeth.
Beja, bi'zha.
Be x ja-poor', formerly written Yis-
iapour.
Bel-ed'-el-Jer-eed' ; written, also,
Beled-el-Jerid, Belad-el-Djer-
yd, Beled-el-Jerede, and Biled-
ul-Gerid.
Belem,
Bel-fast'.
Belfort, blrfoR'. or Effort, ba*-
fOB'.
Belgium, bel'je-urn.
BePgrade' (Turk. Bil-grid').
Belle Isle or Bellisle; bel-ll'.
Belief ontaine, bell N foN GV tan' (in
France).
Bellefontaine, bel-fon'ten (in the
United States),
Bellefonte, bel-font'.
Bellemonte, bel-mont'.
Bellqochistan,bel-loo x chis-tan ( .
Belvidere, bel-vg-deer'.
Benares, ben-a'res.
Beneven'to.
Bengal, ben-ga\vl'.
Benguela, beu-
Benin, ben-een'.
Ben-sa'lem.
Benth'im, bent'ime.
Bensheim, bens'hlmo.
Bentivoglio, ben-te-vul'yo.
Berar, ba-rar'.
Berat, ber-at'.
Beresina or Berezina, b^r-ez-ee'-
na.
Ber-ez-off', written, also, Bere-
zow.
Bergamo, beR'ga-mo.
Berg'en or beR'ghen (in Europe) .
Berg'en (in the U.S.). [Bergen,
in Western New York, is almost
universally pronounced b?r'-
jen.]
Bergopzoom, b^RG v op-zom'.
Bergues, bfeG.
Berkshire.
Berlin (Ger. pron. b^R-leen').
Bermudas, ber-moo'daz, or Ber-
moo'thes;
Brn or Berne (Fr. and Ger. pron.
Bernardotte, berhiar-dot'.
Bertie, ber-tee'.
Berut. See Beyroot.
Berwick, b^r'rik (in England).
B?r'wick (in the U. S.)
Berwickshire, ber'rik-shjr.
Besan?on, bez-oN^soNS 7 .
Bes-sa-ra'bl-a or Bes-a-ra'be-a.
Beth-ab'a-ra.'
Bev'el-and (Dutch pron. ba'vel-ant).
Bev'^r-en.
Bewdley, bud'le.
Beyra or Beira, ba'e-ra-
Bexar (Sp. pron. ba-naR': often
pronounced by the Texans beh-
har' or bar).
Beyroot, Berut, or Bairout, ba-
root (Turk. pron. bl'root).
Bhatfgong'.
Bhoo-tan', syn. Bootan.
Bho-pal', syn. Bopaul.
Bhurt N poor / or Bhurt-pore'.
Bialystok, be-al'is-tok.
Bider, syn. Beeder.
Bielefeld, bee'leh-felt v .
Bilbao, bil-bao, often written and
pronounced, in English, Bil'bo-^
Biled-ul-Gertd, bH-ed'-ool-jerl
eed', syn. Beled-el-Jereed.
Bing'en.
Binghamton, bing'um-tun.
Bio-bio, bee'o-bee'o.
Birket-el-keroon, or Keroun,
begr'ket-el-ker-oon', or Birket-
el-Koorn.
Bir'ma, syn: Burma.
Birr, syn. Parsonstown.
Bis'cay (Sp. Biscaya, bis-ka'ya).
Bistineau, bis v te-no'.
Blanc. Mount (Fr. Mont Blano.
BLA
BUE
CAL
583
Co" as in good ; 5w as in noio ; s like z; gh like g hard ; 4h as in this.
Blank'en-burg (Ger. pron. blank'-
en b65R<j x ).
Bled'soe.
Blei'berg (Ger. pron. blll^RG).
Blenheim, blen'im (Ger. Blind-
heim, blTnt'hlme) .
Blois, bloi, more correctly, blwa.
Bo'ber.
Bocage, bo v kazh'.
Bceuf, bef (Fr. pron. almost buf).
Boden-See, bo'den-sa', syn. Lake
Constance.
Bog, sometimes written Boug,
boog.
Boglio, bol'yo.
Bogota, bo-go-tiV, syn. Santa Fe
de Bogota.
Bo-he'ml-a (Ger. Bohmenor Boeh-
men, bo'men).
Bois-le-Duc, bwi v -leh-diik'.
Boj-a--.6r' (Port. pron. bozh-a-
dok').
Bokhara, bo-Ka'ra. or Bucharia,
bu-ka're-a.
Borbec'. '
Bo'lee ; written also Boli.
Bo-liv'I-a (Sp. pron. bo-lee've-A; .
Bolognaj bo-lun'yu.
Bolsena, bol-sa'na.
Bolzano, bol-za'no, syn. Botzen.
Bom-bay'.
Bomarsund, bo'inar-soond\
Bo-nair' (Sp.Buen Ayre,bwen i'ri).
Bo'na-ven-tu'ra, syn. Buena Ven-
tura.
Bo'na Vis't? or Bo'a Vis'ta.
Bo-ness'.
Bonifaccio, bo-ne-fa'cho.
Bonita, bo-nee'ta.
Boom, bom.
Boos'sa or Boussa.
Bootan, boo-tan', or Bhootan.
Bo-paul' ; written, also, Bhopal.
Borcette, boR'sett', syn. Burs-
scheid.
Bordeaux, boR-do', or Bourdeaux,
booR-do'.
Borgne, born.
Borne-o.
Born'holm.
Bor-noo' ; written, also, Bornou.
Borodino, bor-o-dee'no.
Bosh-u-an'as.
Bosna-Seral, bos'na-ser-I', syn. Se-
rajevo.
Bos r nl-a (called Bos'nA by the
Turks).
Bos'po-rus, commonly, but less
correctly written Bosphorus.
Bos'rah or Bozrah, syn. Bassora.
Bot'a-ny Bay.
Botetourt, bot'e-turt
Both'nI-a.
Bot'z?n (It. Bolzano, bol-za'no).
Bouches du Shone, boosh du
ron, syn. Mouths of the
Rhone.
Boulonge, boo-lone' (Fr. pron.
boo-lon').
Bourbon, boor'bun (Fr. pron.
Bourbon (Ky.),bur'bun.
Bourbon Lancy, booR v biN G/ ION G> -
se'.
Bourbon L'Archambault,
Bourbon Vendee,
Bourbonnes-les-Bains, booR^bonn*-
la-baHd'.
Bourdeaur. SM Bordeaux.
Bourg, booR.
Bourges, booEzh.
Bourgogne, booR x gon'. syn. Bur-
gundy.
Boursa or Boorsa, syn, Bursa.
Boussa, boo'sa, syn. Boossa.
Bowdoin, bo'den.
Bozzolo, bot'so-lo.
Brabant, brit'bant or bra-bant'.
Braga, bra'ga.
Brah'nia, syn. Birma.
Brah'ma-poot^ra or Burrampoo'-
ter,
Bran'den-bnrg (Ger. pron. bran'-
den-booRG v ).
Braunsberg, br^wns'beKa.
Braunschweig. See Brunswick.
Braz-il' (Port. pron. bra-zeel ; ).
Brazos, brah'zos.
Braz-o'rl-a.
Brazza, brit'si.
Breathitt, breth'it.
Brechin, breK'in (Scot, ch gut.)
Breda, bra-da'.
Breg'eutz.
Breisach, brl'zuK (Fr. Brisach,
bre x -zak').
Brem'en or bra'm?n (in Europe) .
Bre'm?n (in the U.S.).
Brescia, bresh'e-a or bresh'a.
Breslau, breslaw, or bres'low,
sometimes written Breslaw.
Brest (Fr. pron. the same as the
English) .
Bretagne, br?h-ta?i', syn. Brit-
tany.
Breton (Cape), brit'un.
Brian?on, bre y oN GN syN G '.
Bridlington, commonly pronounc-
ed Bur'ling-ton.
Brieg, breeo.
Brieux or Brieuc, breVh'.
Brighthelmstone, written Bright'-
on, bri'ton).
Brindisi, brin'de-se.
Brioud, bre x ood'.
Brisach, bre v zak', syn. Breisach.
Britain, brit'ten.
Brit'ta-ny (Fr. Bretagne, breh-
taft').
Hrixhani, brix'um.
Broek, br55k.
Brom'berg (Ger. pron. broin'-
b?RG).
Bron'do-lo.
Brook'lyn.
Brook'lbe.
Broome, broom.
Brough, bruf.
Bruchsal, bruok'sAl.
Bruges, bru'jez (Fr. pron. briizh).
Brilnn, brun or brunn.
Bruns'wick (Ger. Braunschweig,
brSwn'shwiG) .
Bru'sa, syn. Bursa.
Brus'sels Fr. Bruxelles, bru^sell').
Brzesc or Brzesc Litewski,
bzhests le-tev'ske.
Bucharia, bu-ka're-a, syn, Bok-
hara.
Buchorest, bu'ko-rest x , or Bucha-
rest.
Buckinghamshire, buk'ing-um-
Bhjr.
Bu'da (Hun. pron boo'ddh x : Ger.
O'fen).
Budukhshan, bud-uK-shan' ; writ-
ten, also, Badakshan.
Budweis, bood'wice.
Buen Ayre, bwSn I'ri, eyn. Bo-
nair.
Buenaventura, bwi'na-ven-too'ri
Buena Vista, bwa'na vis'ta.
Buenos Ayres, bo'nus a'riz (Sp.
pron. bwu'noee I'r^s).
Bug, boog.
Builth, bilth.
Bol^aria, b55l-ga're-.
Bulkh, syn. Balkh.
Bun'der Ab-as'see or (Abassi), syn,
Gombroon.
Buntzlau, boonts'low.
Burd'wan.
Burg (Ger. pron. boo"RG).
Burgos, boofi'goce.
3ur v gun-dy " (Fr. Bourgogne,
Burke, burk.
Burma, syn. Birma.
Bur x ram-poo't?r, syn. Brahmapoo-
tra,'
Bursa, boor'sa or bru'sa.
Burscheid, booKshite ' (Fr. Bor-
cette, boR^sett').
Bury, ber'ro.
Bushire, boo-sheer', syn. Aboo-
shehr.
But'ter-mere.
Byzantium, biz-an'she-um.
c.
Ca-bar'ras.
Cab'ell. '
Cab-ool'; written, also, Caboul,
Cabul, and Caubul.
Cabrera, ka-L:
Cabulistan, ka.-bool'is-tan', syn.
Afghanistan.
Caceres, ka'tha-res.
Cachao, katch'a-o\ syn. Ketcho.
Cachias, ka-shee'as, syn. Caxias.
Cachoeira, ka-sho-a'e-ra, syn. Cax-
oeria.
Cadiz, ka'diz (Sp. pron. ka/Deeth).
Caen, 1.
Caermarthen, ker-mar'then.
Caernarvon, ker-nar'vQn.
Caffraria, kaf-l'ri're-a.
Cagliari, kal'ya-re.
Ca-haw'ba.
Cahir or Caher, kah'h?r or kare.
Ca-ho'kJ-a.
Cahoos or Cahoes, ka-hoze', syn.
Cohoes.
Cahors, k;VoR'.
Caicos, ki'koce.
Caidareta, ki-di-ra'ta.
Cairo 'in Egypt), kl'^fcalled by
the Arabs, El KahiraTel kah'he-
Ca^ro (in the U. S.), ka'ro.
Calabria, ka-LV'bre-a or ka-la'bre-a.
f'alahorra, ka-lu-OR'Ra.
Calais, kal'is (Fr. pron. ka^la').
Calatayud, ka-la-ti-yooD'.
Calcasieu, kal'ka-shu or kul'ka-
shu.
Cal-cut'ta.
Caldas da Eainha, kal-das di ra-
een'ya.
Calder, kawl'der.
Cal-e-do'ul-a.
Calquhoun, kal-hoon'.
Cal-I-cut.
Cal 1 for'nl-a.
Callao, kal li'o, or kil-yll'5.
Cal la-poo v ya.
584
CAL
CHA
CHI
Fate, far, full, fat; m&, mt j ni, not ; $, ?, j, 9, obscure; a, e, I, o, u, long ; ft, 5, 1, o, tt, short ; oo as in moo*.
Caltagirone, kul-ta-jc-ro'na.
Cal'u-met.
Calvados, kalVa x dos'.
Camargo, ka-maR'go.
Camanche, ka-nian'cha, syn. Co-
manche.
Cam-bay'.
Cam bo'dl-a, Cam-bo'dia, or Cain-
boge'.
Cam'bray or Cambrai (Fr. prou
kiiM'bra').
Cam'brf-a.
Cambridge kame'brij.
Caminhe, ka-meen'ya.
Campagua, kain'pan'ya.
Cauipbelltown, kam'el-town.
Campeachy, kam-pee'che (.Mex.
pron. kam-pa'eha) .
Campo Basso, kam'po bas'so.
Can'a-da.
Canajoharie, kan x a-jo-har're.
Canandaigua, kan-an-da'gua.
Can-a-noro'.
Can'a-ra.
Canaries, ka-na'reez (Sp. Canarias,
kii-na're-as).
Cci-na'ry, Grand (Sp. Gran Ca-
naria, gran ka-na're-a).
Can-a-sau'ga.
Can-a-sto'ta.
Can-da-har' or Kandahar.
Can'di-a or Crete.
Can-e'a.
Cannes, kann.
Can-is-teo'.
Cannouchee, kan-noo'che.
Ca-non'I-cut.
Cantal, k6N GX tal'.
Canterbury, kan'ter-ber-e.
Can-tire', (Jantyre, or Kintyre.
Can -ton' (in China).
Can'tpn fin the U.S.).
Cantyre. See Cantire.
Cape Breton, kape brit't'n or brit'-
un.
Cape Girardeau, je-rar-do'.
CapeHaitien, ha'te-en (Fr. Cape
Haitien, kap aVte-aN G/ ).
Cape Pal'mas.
Cape Verde Islands (Port. Ilhas
Verdas, eel'yas ve'R'clas) .
Capitanata, ka-pe-ta-na'ta.
Capo d'Istria, ka'po dis'tre-a.
Capri, kapre.
Cap'u-a (It. pron. ka'poo-a).
Caqueta, ka-ka'ta.
Car-ac'as or Caraccas (Sp. pron.
ka-ra'kas).
Caramau, kar x a-man'.
Caramauia, kar-a-ma'ne-a. [It
may h*toroper to remind the
reader Tnat this is not a Tur-
kish, but a Latin name; the
antepenultimate o should,
therefore, be sounded as in
Bavaria.
Carcassonne, kaR v kas x sonn'.
Cardenas, kaR'dfin-as.
Cardiff or Caerdiff, kar'diff.
Cardiganshire, kar'de-gan-shjr.
Car-ib-be'an Sea.
Car'ib-bee' Islands.
Ca-ri'thl-a (Ger. Karnthen,
kaiRn'tan) .
Carlisle, kar-lil'.
Carlowitz or Karlowitz, kar'lo-
vits.
Carls'bad or Karlsbad (Ger. pron.
kaRls'bat).
Carlscrona, karls-kroo'na or Carh?-
croon.
Carlsruhe or Karlsruhe, karls'
roo.
Car-nat'ic.
Car-nJ-o la 4 (Ger. Krain, krin).
Carolina, kar-o-li'na.
Carpathian, kar-pa'the-an.
Car-pen-ta'rK-a.
Carpentras, ka
Carrara, kar-ra'ra.
Carrick on Suir, kar'rik on shure
CarVick-fer'gus.
Cartagena, kar-ta-je'na (Sp. pron
kaE-ta-Ha'na).
Cartago, kaB-ta'go.
Casale, ka-sa'la.
Casal Maggiore, ka-sal' mad-jo'ra
Cas'bin or Kazbin (Pers. pron
kis-been', whence the name is
sometimes written Casbeen.)
Caserta or Caserta Nuova, ka-
Saii'ti noo-o'va.
Cash-gar', syn. Kashgar.
Cashmere or Kashmire, kash-
meer'.
Cas'pl-an,
Cas'sel.
Castelnaudary, kas x tel'no x da x re'.
Castel Vetrano, kas-tel' va-tra'-
no.
Dastiglione, kas'teel-yo'na.
Castile, kas-teel' (Sp. 'Castilla,
kas-teel'ya).
Castine, kas-teen'.
Castlebar, kas-sal-bar'.
Castres, kast'r.
Castro Giovanni, kas'tro jo-van'-
ne.
Cas-ween', syn. Casbin.
Catabamba, ka-ta,bam x ba.
Catahoula or Cat-a-hoo'la.
Cat-a-lo'nl : i (Sp. Cataluila, ka-
ta-loon'ya).
Catania, ka-tiVne-a.
Catanzaro, ka-tan-za'ro.
Cat-ta-rau'gus.
Cathay, kath-a, syn. China.
Catmandoo, Katmandou, or Khat-
mandu, kat-man'doo.
Catorce, ka-toR'si.
Cat'e-gat or Kattegat.
Cau'ca-sus.
Caubul, kaw-bool', syn. Cabool.
Cava, ka'va.
Cavery or Cauvery, kaw'var-e.
Cax-a-mar'ca (Sp. pron. 'kah-Ha-
maR'ka).
Caxias or Cachias, ka-shee'as.
Caxoeira or Cachoeira, k'a-sho-
a'e-ra.
Cayenne, kl-enn'.
Cayes, ka, syn. Aux Cayes.
Cayuga, ka-yoo'ga.
Cayuse, Kah-yuss'.
Caz-en-o'vK-a.
(Jeara. See Ciara.
Cebu, see-boo', syn. Zebu.
Cecil, sis'sil.
Cefalu, chef-a-loo'.
Celebes, sel'e-biz.
Celle or ZeUe, tsel'lgh.
Ceph-a-lo'ul-a (It. pron. ch^f-a-
lon'e-a; modern Greek, kef-a-
lo-nee'a).
Ce-ram' (Port. pron. ser-r5wN'),
also written Serang,
Cerigo, cher'e-go.
Cervera, seR-va'ra.
Cesena, cha-sa'na.
C^vennes, sa-venn'.
Ceylon, see'lpn or sil-on'
Chagres, cha'gree.
Chalons-sur-Marne, bha x l5o' BUB
Chalons-sur-Saoue, sha x le G ' silu
son.
Chamb^ry, shdM^aVe'.
Chamouny, sha'moo-ne*.
Champagne, shOM^piiS,'.
Cham'plain, sham-plain'.
Chandeleur, shan-de-loor'.
Chang-hai, syn. Shang-hai (im-
properly written Shang-hae).
Chantilly, shuN-til'lee (Fr. pron.
sh6N GX teerye' or sh6N GX tee Y -
ye')
Chapala, cha-pa'la.
Charcas, chaR'kas.
Charente, shaVost'.
Charente Inferieur, sha v roNt' aN G '-
fa x re-uR.'
Charkow, kaR-kof . syn. Kharkof.
Charlevoix, shar x le-voi'.
Charlottesville, shar'lots-vil.
Chartres, shaRt'r.
Chatauque. See Chautauque.
Chateaugaj', shat x o-gay'.
Chateaudun, sha x to x duN'.
Chateau-Gonthier, sha x to x g5N x -
te-a'.
Chateauroux, sha x toVoo'.
Chat-el-Arab, syn. Shat-el-Arab.
Chatellerault, sha x teirr6'.
Chat-ta-hoo'chee.
'"hat-too'ga.
3haudiere,' sho x de-aiR'.
Dhaumont (France), sho x mON G/ .
Dhaumont (N.Y.), sho x mo'.
Jhautauque, sha-tau'que.
Ohelmsford, chemz'furd;
^hel'sea.
Uhelteuham, chelt'num.
Chemnitz, nem'nits.
hemung, she-mung'.
Jhenango, she-nang'go.
Chepstow, cheo'sto.
yher, shaiR,
Dherburg, sher'burg or shaiR x -
booR'.
Cher v o-kee'.
3herso, k^R'so.
Ihertsey, ches'se.
/hes'a-peake.
Jheshire, chesh'ir.
Che-sun'cook.
^hetimaches, chet-tim-atch'iz or
shet^mash'.
Cheviot, chiv'e-ut.
Cheyenne, she-enn'. syn. Chiennc,
Jhiapa, che-i'pa.
Chiari, ke-a're.
hiavari, ke-a'Vci-re.
Chicago, she-kaw'go.
"'hick-a-pee'.
hichester, chitch'as-tar.
^hick-a-honi'I-ny.
)hicot, shee'ko.
/hiem See, Keem sa.
^hienne or Cheyenne, she-enn'.
Jhieti, ke-a'te.
Chihuahua, che-wa'wa.
'hikailis. See Chilts.
Chili, chil'le (Sp. Chile, cheeTA).
Chil-U-coth'e.
Chiloe, cheel-o-a' (almost chil-
way').
Chilts (cli as in child) or Chikailis
(Chickelis), che-ka'lis..
Ihimborazo, chim-bo-ra'zo (Sp.
pron. cheem-bo-ra'tho).
)hi'na.
hin In'di-a.
Jhiuchilla, chin-cheel'yd.
CHI
COU
DAN
58/i
6i5 as in good ; 5w as in noio ; s like r; gli like g hard ; th as in this.
'Jhippeuliam, chip'num.
Chippewa, chip'pe-wi.
Chip'pe-way.
Chiquitos, che-kee'toce.
Chiswick, chiz'ik.
Choc'taw.
Cholula, cho-loola.
Chorley.chor'le.
Chowan, cho-wan'.
Chris-tt-an'a.
Christiania,' kris-te-a'ne-a.
Cbristiansand, kris'te-au-sand\
Christianstadt, kris'te-an-stat
(Sw. Christianstad, kris'te-an
stad x ).
Chrudim, Kroo'dim.
Chuni'bul.
Chuquisaca, choo-ke-su/ka.
Chur, KOOR, syn. Coire.
Ciara, se-a'ra j written, also, Ceara
and Seara.
Cienfuegos, se-eii^fwi'goce.
Cinaloa, sin-a-lo'u.
Cincinnati, sin-sin-ali'te. [Often
improperly pronounced as it
written Cinciunatah or Cinciu-
natuh.]
Cinque Ports, sink ports.
Cin'tra or seen'tr;1.
Circassia, s?r-kash'e-a.
Cirence'ster, commonly pronounc-
ed sis'e-ter.
Cittadella, chit-ta-della.
Ciudad Heal (Spain), the-oo-D&D'
r'i-ir.
Ciudad Real (Mexico), se-oo-dad'
ra-al'.
Ciudad Eodrigo, the-oo-r>*ii>' roo
ree'go.
Civita Vecchia, chee've-ta vek'
ke-a.
Clack-rnan'-nan.
Clagenfurth or Klagenfurtb, kla'-
ghen-foort\
Clamecy, clam x se'.
Clausthal or Klausthal, klows'-
t|L
Cler-mont'.
Clermont Ferrand, klJR v muN G/
Cleves, kleevz (Ger. Kleve, klu'-
vehj Fr. Cleves, klaiv).
Clitheroe, kli%h'er-6.
Clogher, kloh'Her.
Cloghnakilty, klOH x na-kil'te, or
Clon-a-kil'ty.
Clon-mell'.
Clydes'dale.
Co-a-hp'ma.
Coahuila. See Cohahuila.
Coango, ko-ang'go.
Cob'lentz (Ger. Coblenz, ko'blentz
Fr. Coblence, ko'blouss').
Cobu, ko-boo'.
Co'burg (Ger. pron. ko'booRG).
Cochabamba, ko-cha-bam'ba.
Co'cliin Chi'na.
Co-cbin, co-cheen.
Codoguo, ko-dou'yo.
Co-do'rus.
Coeslin. See Coslin.
Coeymans, quee'manz.
Cognac, kon-yAk'.
Cohahuila or Coahuila, ko-i-wee'-
14.
Colioes or Cahoos, ko-hoze'.
Coim-ba-toor' or Coim-ba-tdr'.
Co-im'l^ra or ko-eem'bri.
Coire, kw'iR (Ger. Chur, kooR).
:;,' (Ger. pron.
Colima, ko-lee'rni.
Colne, koln.
Cologne, ko-lone' (Fr. pron. ko^
Ion'; Ger. Koln).
Colombia, ko-lom'be-a.
Co-loiu'bo or Co-lum'bo.
Col'on-sai or Col'on-say\
Colorado, ko-lo-rud'do.
Co-lum'bi-a.
Co-mac'.
Co-nian'che (Sp, pron. ko-mc3n'-
cha) or Ca-mau'clie.
Cornayagua, ko-ml-a'ywd.
Cominfts, ko'meen'.
Coin'o-rin.
Co'morn or Komorn.
Com'o-ro.
Compiegne, kuM'pe-aiii'.
Com-po-stel la (Sp. Compostela,
kom-po-sta'la).
Concan, kong'kun.
Conception, kou-sep'shun, (Sp.
Coiicepciou, kpn-thep-the-6n') .
Con'chas (c/i as in child).
Concord, kong'kurd.
< 'on-cor'di-u.
Coude, kon'de or klKG'di'.
Coneocheague, kou v e-ko-cheeg / .
Couecuh, ko-nee'ka.
Conemaugh, kon'e-maw.
Con-es-to'ga.
Co-ne sus.
Congaree, kong v ga-ree'.
Congo, Cong'go, or Zaire, za-eer'.
Counaught, kon'uawt.
Connecticut, kQn-net'e-kut.
(Jon'btauce (Ger. Constauz, kon'-
stiints).
Coustautina, kon-sta,n-tee'na.
Con-stan-ti-uo'ple (Turk. Stam-
bool').
Cooch Ba-haE'.
Coo-mas'sie.
Coos, ko-os'.
Co-pen-ha'gfn (Dan. Kjobenhavn,
koo-ben-huwn').
Co-pi-a-po'.
Coquimbo, ko-keem'bo.
Corbach, kou'buK.
Corbeau, kor-bo'.
Corcyra, kor-sl'ra, syn. Corfu.
Cor-dil'ler-as (Sp. pron. koa-deel-
ya'r&s.
Cor'do-v^ or Cordoba.
Co-re a.
Corfu,' kor-foo' or kor'fu (modern
Greek pron. kor-fee').
Cor'inth.
Cor v o-maii'dol.
Corpus Christi, kor'pus kris'te.
Correze, kor v rai-zi.
Cor-rl-en'tes.
Cor'sl-ca (Fr. Corse).
Uorte, koic'tA.
Jortoua, koii-to'na.
Co-run'na (Sp. Coruua, ko-roon'-
yA).
Uosenza. ko-sen'zii.
Dosh-oc'ton.
Coslin, Coeslin, or Keslin, kos-
leen'.
Cosne, kon.
Coss'eir, kos'sare'.
Costarica, kosMia-ree'ka.
Cote d'Or, kot doR.
^6tiB3 du Nord, k5t du noB.
Cotignola, ko-teen-yo'la.
Cotopaxi, ko-to-pax'e (Sp. pron.
ko-to-pah'He).
Cottbus or Kottbus, kott'boos.
Courlaud, koor'land, ayn. Kur-
laud.
Courtray or Courtrai. koon 11..
(Flem. Kortryk, kort'rik).
Coutance, koo^toNss'.
Coventry, knv'en-tre.
Covves, kowz.
Cracow, kr/i'KO (Polish, Krakow,
krii'-koof).
Cr^cy, kres'se (Fr. pron. kr^ce'),
often written Ciessy by thu
Ehigliah.
Crefeld, kra'felt.
Orenia, kra'ma,.
Cremnitz, krem'nits, syn. Krem-
nitz.
Cre-mo'n^ (It. pron. kra-mo'ua).
Cres'sy. SM Crecy.
Crete, syn. Candia.
Creuse, kruz.
Creutznach, kroits'naK, syn.
Kreutzuach.
Crim-e'a (Kuss. Krim).
Croatia, kro-a'she-a (called by the
natives Horvath Orszag, hoR-
VJ\t OR-S^g).
Croix (St.), kroi, syn. Santa Cruz'
Crom'ar-ty.
Cronstadt, kron'statt.
Csaba, ch6b'oh\
Csongrad, chon-grftd'.
ron. ko
. , _', pron. koo'ba).
Cuban, kbo-ban', syn. Kooban.
Cuenca, kweng'ka.
Culhuacau, kool-wa-kiu', syn. Pa-
lenque.
Culiacan, koo-le-a-kan'.
Cul-lo'd^n.
Culm, koolm.
Cumaua, koo-rna-na'.
Cuinauia or Kiamania, ku-ma'-
ne : a (Hun. Kuusag. koon-
Cura9oa, ku x ra-so'.
Curische-Haff, koo'rish-eh-haflf ,
syn. Kurische-Haff.
Curzola koord-zo'la.
Custrin or Kiistrin, kils-treen'.
Cux-ha'ven or koox-hri'fcn.
Cuyahoga, kl-a-ho'ga.
Ctizco, koos'ko.
Cythera, sith-ee'ra, syn. Cerigo.
Czernigow, cher'ne-gof, syn.Tcher-
nigot.
Czernowitz, czer'no-vitz (more
correctly, Chernowice, chor'no-
vit'sfh).
Czirknicz or Zirkratz, tsc?Kk'mts.
D.
Dac-o'tah, syn. Sioux.
Daghes'tau, dailies-tan'.
Juhomey or Dahomay, dah'ho-m;*'.
Mhl, dill.
Dalecarlia, da-le-kar'le-a, or Da-
larne, da'lar-na.
Dal'las.
lalles, dalz.
Dal-keith'.
Dalniatia, dal-m?i'she-a.
Da-mas'cus (Arab.
beer').
Dambea. See Dernbea.
Dam-i-et'ta (Arab. Dauiiat, du-nie-
at').
Dam'piers.
3an'aw, syn. Danube.
Danbury,
586
DAN
DUR
ENT
Fate, fc'r, fall, fat; me, me*t ; no, not ; a, e, i, 9, obscure; a, e, I, o, u, long; X, g, J, S, u, short; oo as inm 5<w
Dant'zic (Ger. Danzig, dant'sie).
Dan'ube (Ger. Donau, do'ndw).
Dardanelles, darMan-elz'.
Dar^foor', written also Darfur anc
Darfour.'
Darien, di're-en (Sp. prcu. da
re-en').
Darling-ton.
Darmstadt, daRm'statt.
Dartmouth, dart'muth.
Dar'war\
Dauphin*?, d<3 v fe x na'.
Daviess, du'vis.
Dax, dar.
Deal, deel.
Dearborn, deer'burn.
Debreczin or Debretzin, di-
bret'sin.
De-ca'tur.
Dec'can or Dek'kan.
De Kalb.
De-la-go'a.
Delaware, del'a-war.
Delft (every letter should be pro-
nounced).
Delgada, del-g&'da.
Delhi or Dehli (Hindostan),
del'lee.
Delhi (in the U. S.), del'hi.
Del'vi-no.
Dem'be-a or dem-bee'? ; written,
also, Dambea.
Demerara, dem-er-a'ra.
Denbighshire, den'be-'shir,
Den'dr-ah.
Dendermonde, den^der-mon'deh,
or Dendermond, den x der-m6nt',
(French, Termonde, t<?R N moNd') .
Denis (St.), sent den'is or d'nee
(Fr. Saint Denis, saN<> d'nee).
Denmark (Dan. Dan'e-mark).
Depeyster, de-pice'ter.
Deptford, ded'furd.
Der-bend'.
Der'by or dar'be (the latter pron.
was formerly universal).
Derbyshire, der'be-shir.
Derr, de*R.
Der'ry, syn. Londonderry.
De Ruyter, de rl'ter.
Desaguadero, des-a x gwa-Da'ro.
Desh-a'.
Des Moines, de moin.
Despoblado, dels-po-bla'DO.
De So'to.
Des'sau (Ger. pron. des'sow),
sometimes written Dessaw.
Det'mold (Ger. pron. det'molt).
De-troit'.
Det'ting-en.
Deutz, doits.
Deux-ponts, duh^powG' (Ger.
Zweibrucken, tswi-bruk'ken).
De'ven-ter or Dewenter, dA'ven-
t?r.
Devizes, de-vl'ziz.
Devonshire, dev'on-shir.
Dhawalaghiri, da-'wora-gher're.
Dl-ar'bekr or Diarbekir. dee-ar v be-
keer'.
Di^ or Diez, Saint, saN Q de-a'.
Diepholz, deep'holts.
Dieppe, dyepp or de-epp'.
Diest, deest.
Digne, deeil.
Dijon, de v zhuNG'.
Dinant, de x n6N ; or de-nant.'
Dixmude, dix v mud' (Plena. Dix-
muyden, dix-moi'den).
Dizier, Saint, saK G de x ze-i'.
Dijid'da, syn. Jidda.
Djoliba, jol'e-ba, syn. Joliba,
Dnieper, uee'per (Russ. pron
dnyep'per).
Dniester, neester (Euss. pron
dnyes'ter).
Doab or Dooab, doo^ab'.
Do-fra-fl-eld', syn. Dovrefield.
Dole, dol.
Dol-gelly, or dol-geth v le.
Domingo, do-ming'go.
Dominica, dom-e-nee'ka.
Dominique, dom-e-neek', is the
Fr. of the preceding,
Don (Tartar, Doo'na).
Don Cos'sacks.
Donaghadee, don x a-Ha-dee'.
Donegal, don-e-gawl'.
Dongola, dong'go-la.
Dordogne, dor x don' (Fr. pron,
doE, v doiV).
Dordrecht, dort'rlKt, or Dort.
Dornoch, dor'noK.
Dorpat, doB'pa.t, or Dorpt.
Dorsetshire, dor'set-shir.
Dort, syn. Dordrecht.
Douai or Douay, doo x a'.
Doubs, doobz or doo.
Douglas, dug'less.
Douro, doo'ro (Sp. Duero, dwii'-
ro).
D6Vre-fI-eld' (Norw. Daavrefjeld,
doVre-fyeld')-
Dowlatabad, dow v la-ta-bad'.
Down-pat^rick.
Draguignan, dra N gheen x yON G '.
Drave, drav (Ger. Drau, druw;
Slavonian, Drava, dra/vii) .
Drenthe, dren'teh.
Dreux, druh.
Drin, dreen, or Drino, dree'no;
Drogheda, drfih'He-da.
Drohobicz, dro'ho-bitch, or Dro'-
ho-vitsch x .
Droitwich, droit'itch.
Drontheim, dront'im (Norw.
Trondjem, tr6nd'yem).
Duanesburg, du-ainz'burg.
)ub'lin.
Dubno, doob'no.
u-bois'.
)u Buque, du book (oo as in
moon).
Duero, doo-a'ro or dwa'ro, syn.
Dpuro.
)u'is-burg or doo'is-booEG\
)ulce, Rio, ree'o dool'sa or dool'-
tha.
)ulcigno, dool-cheen'yo.
)umbartoushire, dum-bar'tpn-
shir.
)umfries, dum-freesa'.
)un-bar'.
)undalk, dun-dawk'.
)un-das'.
)un-dee'.
)unfermline, dum-ferlin,
)un-gan'npn.
)un-gar'v9n.
)ungeness, dun-j en-ess'.
Dunkeld, dun-kell'.
Dun'kirk (Fr. Dunkerque,
Dus'sel-dorf (Ger. Diisseld 3rf
dus'sel-doRf v ).
Dutch'ess.
Duval, du-v511'.
Duyveland, doi've-lant.
Dwi'na (Russ. pron. dvee'ni);
Dyle or Dyl, dll.
)unwich, dun'ich.
)u'pliu.
)uquesne, du-kain'.
)urauce, dii^rONss'.
)urango, doo-raiig'go.
)urazzo, doo-rat'so, or Duras,
doo-ras'.
)urham, dur'um.
Durlach, d65a'laK.
E.
Eat'pn.
Ebora. See Evora.
E'bro (Sp. pron. a'bro),
Eccloo, ek-klo'.
Ecija, a'the-Hu.
Eckmilhl, ek'mille.
Ecuador, ek-wa-doRe', or E-qua'-
tor.
Ed'foo x ; written also, Edfou and
Edfu.
Ed'gar-tpn.
E-di'na.
Edinburgh, ed'in-bor-ro.
Ed'is-to.
Effingham, ef fing-um.
Eg'er (in Bohemian, Cheb, Keb).
Eg'rl-po, syn. Negrepont.
" FPt, e'jipt (Arab, Musr or
lisr).
Ehrenbreitstein, a'ren-brlt'stme.
Eichstadt or Aichstadt, iK'stett.
Eilenburgh, l'len-bSoRG\
Eimbeck, Im'bek.
Eimeo, i'mee-o.
Eisenach, I'zen-aK.
Eisenstadt, i'zen-statP.
Eisleben, Ice'la-ben.
katarenburgh, a-ka'ta-reen-
boorg v .
^katarinoslaf or -slav, a-ka'ta-
reen v o-slaf. See Tekatarinoslav.
Ekhmym. See Akhmym.
Alatma, a-lat'ma, or Yelatma, yl-
at'ma.
El'ba.
Elbe, elb (Ger. pron. el^eh).
El'ber-feld (Ger. pron. el'ber-felt v ).
Elbeuf, el v buf .
1-boorz' or El-brooz' ; written,
also, Elburz and Elbrouz.
Elche, el'cha.
El Dorado, el do-ra'do.
El-e-phan'ta.
Elg'in-shire ; called, also, Moray-
shire.
Elizabetgrad, a-liz x a-bet-grad', or
Yelisavetgrad.
El-mi'ra.
El Paso del Norte, el pa'so del
non'ta.
Ersin-ore' or Elsineur, erse-nur
(Dan. Hel-sing-6'er).
Ely, ee'le.
Em'brun or 6M v bruN G/ .
Em'e-sa, syn. Horns.
Emmerich, em'mer-iK, or Emrich,
em'riK.
Ems, ^ins.
Enghien,
England, ing'gland.
Engoor or Engour, en-goor', and
Enguri, en-goo're, syn. Angora.
Enikale, en-e-ka'lA, syn. Yenicale.
Enisei. See Yenisei;
Enkhuizen, enk-boi'zen.
Entre Douro e Minho, en'tri doo 7
ro a meen'yo.
EOT
FK1
GER
587
65 as in good ; 3w as in now ; a like z; gh like g hard j th as in this.
Entre Eios, en'tr\ ree'oce.
Eperies, a-por'e-es (Hun. pron.
Vpt*r-e-<?sh).
Eperney, a^plB^na'.
Eph'e-sus, syn. Ayasoolook.
E-pi'rus.
E-qua't<?r, syn. Ecuador.
Erbach, IBI&K.
Erfurt, eVfSoBt.
Er'gree Kas'tree, syn. Argyro Cas-
tro.
Ericht, er'iKt.
Erie, e're.
E'riu, syn. Ireland.
Erivan, r-e-T&n'.
Erlaugen, es'lang-en.
Erlau, B'!OW (Hun. Eg'er).
Erne, Lough, IOH eru.
Erz-room' ; written also Ards-
room, Erzeroutn, and Erzrum.
Erzgebirge, eBts'ga-bSSB'ga,
Escurial, es-koo-re-;.!'.
Eski shehr, es'kee shaih'r'.
Esne, es'nh\
Esquimaux, es'ke-mo.
Es Sioot or Es Siout, es-see-oot',
syn. Sioot.
Es'te, es'ta.
Es-tho'nI-a.
Estremadura, es-tra-mi-DOo'ra..
Estremoz, es v tra-moz'.
Eszek, es'sek.
Etampes, a v t6np'.
Etienue, Saint, saift etfe-enn'.
Et'na or -ffit'na.
Et'o-wah.
Etsch, etch, syn. Adige.
Eu, uh.
Eupen, oi'pen (Fr. N&iu, naW).
Euphrates, u-fra't^z (Turk. Frit).
Ejire, ure or UB.
Europe, u'rup.
Eu'taw, syn. Utah.
Eutin, oi-teen'.
Euxine, ux'in, syn. Black Sea.
Evesham, eevz'hum or eevz'um.
Ev'o-ra ; written also Ebora.
Evreux,
Ex'e-t?r.
Eylau, l'1
F.
Faenza, fa-en'zi.
Fahlun, fa'loou.
Faeroe, fa'ro or fa'r .
Fa'iopm or Faioum, fi-oom'.
Falaise, fa-laz'.
Falkirk, Fawl'kirk.
Falkland, fawk'land.
Falmouth, fal'muth.
Falster, fal'ster or fal'stfr.
Falun or Fahlun, fa'loon.
Fano, fa'no.
Faro, fi'ro.
Farsistan, far-sis-tan'i
Fas, syn. Fez.
Fauquier, faw-keer 7 .
Fayal, fi-al'.
Fayette, fa-yet'.
FayetteviUe, fa'yet-vil.
Fayoum, fi-oom', syn. Faioom.
Fee'jee, syn. Fiji.
Feliciana, fe-lis x se-an'a.
Feodosia, fa-o-do'se-a, syn. Kaffa.
Fermanagh, fer-man'a.
Ferrara, fer-ra'ri.
Fer'ro (Sp. Hierro, ylr'ro).
Ferrol, fgr-rol'.
Fez or Fas.
Fezzan, fez y za.n'.
Fichtelgebirge, . _ .
Fiesole, fyes'o-la, or Fes'so-le.
Figeac, fe'zhak'.
Figueras, fe-ga'ras.
Fiji, pronounced, and often writ
ten, Fee'jee.
Finistere, finls'taia'.
Finistere, Cape, fln-is-tair 7 (Sp.
Fiuistierra, t'ee-nis-te-^r'ra) .
Finland.
Fisme, feem.
Fiume, fyoo'ma.
Flan'ders (Fr. Flandre, flfod'r).
Flens'burg or Flens'borg.
Flor'ence (It. Firenze, fe-ren'za, or
Fiorenza, fe-o-ren'za) .
Flour, Saint, saN G floos (rhyming
with poor).
Florl-da.
Flush'ing (Dutch, Vlis'sing-en).
FShr, foB, or Fohrde, fou'deh.
-~i;ia, fod'ji.
Foligno, fo-leen'yo.
Fondi, fon'de.
Fontainebleau, fuN GX tan x blu'.
Fontarabia, fon-ta-ra'be-<a(Sp. Fu-
enterabia, fwen-ta-ra-bee'/l).
Fontenay, toNt v na'.
Foo'lah, generally written Foulah.
Forli, foK-lee'.
Formentera, for-men-ta'ra.
For-mo'sa (called by the Chinese
Taiwan, tl-wan').
For'res.
For-ta-ven-tu'ra, syn. Fuertaven-
tura.
Fossano, fos-sa'no.
Fotheringay, foth x er-ing-ga'.
Fougeres, foo v zhaiB'.
Foulah, foo'la, syn. Foolah.
Fourche, foorsh. See La Fourche.
Fowey, foy, sometimes written
Fawey.
Foyers, often written, and al-
ways pronounced, Fy era.
Foyle, Lough, IOH foil.
France, franss.
Fran-cis'co (St.) syn. San Fran-
cisco.
Franche Cerate", froNsh KoN GN ta'.
Fran-co'm'-a (Ger. Franken or
Frankenland, frank'en-lunt y ) .
Franeker, fran'ek-er.
Frankenstein, frank'en-stine v .
Frankenthal, frunk'en-tar.
Frank'fort (Ger. Frankfurt,
frank'-foSst).
Frascati, fras-ka'te.
Frauenburg, fr6w'en-b53BQ\
Fraustadt, frow'statt.
Freiberg, fri'b^sa.
Freiburg, fri'burg or fri'bSSBO.
Freising, frizzing, or Freisingen,
fri'zing-en.
Freistadt, fri'statt.
Fr^jus, fnVzhiice'.
Freyburg. See Freiburg.
Freystadt. See Freistadt.
Friburg, fre'booa'. syn. Frey-
burg.
Friedland, freedl^nd (Ger. pron.
freet'lant).
Friesland, freez'land, Vriesland
or Friesia, free'zhe-a.
Frio, free'o.
Frische Haff, frish'eh haff, or
Frische See, frish'^h sa.
Friuli, fre-oo'le (It. pron. free'oo-
le).
Frontignac, fron v tin-ak' or fruN Q '-
teen x yak'.
Frontera, fron-ta'ra.
Fuertaventura,fw(?B v ta-ven-too'riL
Fulda, f551'da.
Fulton, fool'tun.
Funchal, foon x shal'.
Ftt'nen (Dan. Fyen, f ii'en) .
I' iinfkircheu, funf-kgea'ken.
Furnes, film.
Furruckabad, fur v ruk-a-bad'.
Fiirth, fuBt.
I-'yers. See Foyers.
Fyne, Loch, IOK fin.
Fyum, fi-oom', syn. Faioom.
G.
Gadamis, ga-da'mis, syn. Ghadamis
Gaeta, gi-i'ta.
Gaillac, gahVuk' or g3Tyik'.
Gaillon, gahVoN 07 or gaPy
Gairloch, gare'loK.
Galapagos, gal v a-pi'gus (Sp. pron.
gal-l;Vpa-goce).
Galashiels, gal-a-sheelz'.
Ga-le'na.
Galicia, gal-ish'e-a.
Gall, Saint, sent gawl (Fr. pron.
saN<> gall, Ger. Sanct Gallen,
sanktgailen).
Gallapagos. See Galapagos.
Gallipoli, gil-lip'o-le.
Gallipolis (Ohio), gaTU-po-leece'.
Gal'ves-tgn.
Galway, gawl'way.
Gam'bl-a.
Gand, g6N G , syn. Ghent.
Ganges, gan'jez (Hindoo, Gunga).
Gap, gap.
Gard, gaB.
Garda, gaK'da.
Gardpn, gaa'doN '.
Gardiner, gard'ner.
Garfaguana, gar-fan-ya'na.
Garigliano, ga-reel-ya'no.
Garonne, gahronn'.
Gas-co-nade'.
Gas'co-ny (Fr. Gascogne, gaa'-
kofi').
Gaspe, gfis x pa':
Gaza, ga'za.
Geauga, je-aw'ga.
Geel, gheel (Dutch pron. Hale).
Gene, yevla.
Gelders or Guelders, ghel'd^rz
(Dutch, Geldern, nel'dfrn), or
Gel'dgr-Jand.
Genesee, jen-e-see 7 .
Geneseo, jen-?-see'o.
Geneva, j?n-ee'vah (Ger. Genf,
ghnf, Fr. Geneve, zhan-aiv').
Genevieve, jen-e-veev'.
enil, Ha-neel' ; written also
Xenil.
Genoa, jen'o-^ (It. Genova, jen'-
o-vi).
Jeorge'town, or Stabroek, stl'-
brook.
Gera, ga'rl
Ger'ma-ny (Ger. DeutBchUnd,
doitch'lant).
Gerona, na-ro'ni.
688
GER
GUN
HEL
Fate, far, fall, fat ; me, m<5t ; ni, not ; a, ?, j, o, obscurt ; a, g, I, 0, u, Ion g ; a, g, X, 8, ft, short ; oo as in moon.
Gers, zhaiB.
Gex, zhex.
Geysers, ghi'zers.
Ghadamis, ga-da'mis.
Gheel, syn. Geel,
Ghee'zeh; written, also, Gizeh
and Jizeh.
Ghent (Fr. Gand, g6N G ).
Ghool-ghool'a.
Gibraltar, je-brawl'ter (Sp. pron.
He-bral-tan') .
Giessen, ghees'sen.
Gihon, je-hon' or je-hoon', syn.
Oxus.
Gijon, ne-Houe', syn. Xixon.
Gijona, ne-Ho'na, syn. Xixona.
Gila, Hee'L'i.
Gilolo, je-lo'lo.
Girjeh, jCSr'jeh j written Djirdjeh
by the French.
Girjenti, jeer-jen'te.
Gironde je-rond' (Fr. pron. zhe x -
ruNd').
Gizeh, jee'zeh or ghee'zeh. There
is the same difference in the
pronunciation of this name
among the Arabs of Egypt that
we might suppose would arise
among Englishmen attempting
to pronounce Gizeh some mak-
ing the g hard, others soft.
Glamorganshire, glam - or'gan-
shir.
Glar'us (Fr, Glaris, gliVreece').
Glas'gow.
Glatz, glats (Pol. Klodz'ko).
Glauchau, glow'uow.
Glogau, glo'gSw, sometimes writ-
ten Glogaw.
Gloucester, glos'ter.
Gluckstadt, gliick'statt.
Gmiind, gmilnt, or Gmiln'dcn.
Gmund, gmoont.
Gnesen, gna'zen (Pol. Gniesno).
Godavery, go-da'ver-e.
Goes, HoSce.
Goettingen. See Gottiugen.
Gol-con'da.
Gold'berg or golt'b&RG.
Golnow, gol'nov.
Goru-broon' or Bun'der Ab-as'see
(Abassi).
Gomera, go-ma'ra.
Gonaives, Les, la go-mv'.
Goochland, gootch'land.
Goold'sha; written, also, Guld-
scha and Gouldja.
Goom'ty.
Gor'litz, almost gur'lits.
Gortz, almost gurts (It. Gorizia,
go-rid'ze-a).
Gotha, go'ta.
Gothenburg, got'en-burg (Sw.
Gotheborg, yo'ta-borg).
Goth'land (sw. Gataland, yo'ta-
land).
Gott'laud or Gothland.
Gottingen or Goettingen, get'ting-
en.
Gou'da (Dutch pron. nSw'da).
Gouldja. See Gooldsha.
Goyaz, go-yaz', syn. Villa Boa.
Gozzo, got'so.
Gracias aDios, gr'i'se-as a dee'oce.
Graciosa, grd-se-o'sa.
Gradisca, gri-dis'ka.
Graetz, grets, syn. gratz.
Grammout, gramWNG'.
Gram'pl-an.
Gran, gran (Hun. Eztergom, es'-
t^n-gom).
Granada, gran-a'd^ (Sp. pron. gra-
ni'da).
Granger, grain'jer.
Gran'ville.
Grasse, grass.
Gratiot, grash'e-ot.
Gratz or Graetz, grets.
Graubundten, grow'bilnt-en, syn.
Grisons.
Graudentz, grow'dents.
Gravelines, gravleen'.
Gravesend, graivz^end'.
Grayson, gra'sun.
Great Britain, -brit'un or brit'n.
Greenland (Dan. gron'land or
Greenland).
Greenwich, grfnldge.
Greifswalde, grifsVul'deh (for
merly written Gripeswold).
Grenada, gren-a'da. [Grenada, the
name of one of the British West
India islands, ought not to be
confounded with the Spanish
name Granada (sometimes writ-
ten with an e in the first sylla-
ble). Mr. Worcester pronounces
Grenada gre-na'da, probably re-
ferring to this mode of spelling
the Spanish name.]
Grenoble, gren-ob'l' or greh-no'-
b'l.
Grindelwald, grin'del-walt x .
Grisons, gre x ziN<>' (Ger. Grau-
bundten, grow'biint-en).
Gross-Glogau, groce-glo'g5w.
Gross- Wardein groce- wan/dine.
Griinberg, grun'beKG or Grii'ne-
berg.
Guadalajara or Guadalaxara, gwa-
Da-la-na'ra.
Guadaloupe, gaw^da-loop' or ga v -
da-loop'.
Guadalupe, gwa-da-loo'pa or gaw x -
da-loop'.
Guadalquivir, gaw^dal-quiv'er (Sp.
pron. gwa-Dal-ke-veeR').
Guadiana, gaw x de-ah'na or gwa-
De-a'na.
Guanaxuato or Guanajuato, gwa N -
na-Hwa'to.
Guancavelica, gwi'ng-ka-va-lee'ka :
written, also, Huancabelica.
Guardafui, gwar v da-fwee' or gar x -
daf-we'.
Guastalla. gwas-tal'la.
Guatemala, gaw^te-mah'la or gwa-
t^-ma'la.
Guaxaca, gwa-na'ka, almost wa-
ha'ka, syn. Oaxaca.
Guayama, gwi-a'ma.
Guayaquil, gwl-a-keel'.
Guaymas, gwi'mus.
Guayra, gwi'ra. See La Guayra.
Guazacualco, gwa-sa,-kwal'ko, also
written Huasacuaico.
Guben, goo'ben.
Guelderland, ghel'der-land, syn.
Gelderland.
Guelders, ghel'd?rz, syn. Gelders.
Gueret, ga v ra'.
Guernsey, ghern'ze.
Guiana, ghe-a'na, or Guyana;
Guienne, ghe x enn'.
Guinea, ghin'e.
Guingamp, gaN GX goN G/ .
Guipuzcoa, ghe-poos'ko- (Sp.
pron. ghe-pooth'ko-a).
Gujerat. See Guzerat.
Guldscha. See Gooldsha.
Gumbinnen, gSSm-bin'nen.
Gund-wa'na.
Giintz'burg or giints'bSSiuj.
GurVal'.
Gustrow, giis'trov.
Guyana, ghe-a'na, syn. Guiana.
Guyandott, ghi-an-dot' familiarly
called ghl-an'.
Guz-er-at'; written also Gujerat.
Gyula, dyoo'la, syn. Karlsburg.
H.
Haarlem, Haerlem, or Harlem,
har'lem.
Haarlemmer Meer, har'lem-mer-
mair.
Habana. See Havana.
Had'ding-tgn.
Hadjar, ha'jar, syn. Hajar.
Had-ra-niaut'.
Haemus, hee'mus, syn. Balkan.
HaerJem. See Haarlem.
Hague, haig (Fr. La Haye, la ha,
almost li a) .
Hagueneau, ag x no'.
Hajar or Hadjar, ha'jar, syn.
Lahsa.
Hainan, hi-nan.'
Hainault, a^no' (Flem. Henegou-
wen, hen-e-How'wen).
Haiti, ha'te, syn. Hayti.
Halberstadt, hrJ'ber-stattX
Haleb, ha'leb, syn. Aleppo.
Hal'I-fax.
Hall, hall.
Halle, hAl'leh.
Hallowell, hol'o-wel.
Hamadan, ha-ma-dan'.
Ham'burg (Ger. pron. ham'booRG).
Hamp'shire (i.e. the county of
Hants), syn. Southampton.
Hanau, ha/now.
Hang-tcheoo or Hang-tcheou,
hang'cheoo'.
Han'o-ver (Ger. Han-no'ver).
Haoasa or Haoussah, hC5w'Ba, syn.
Houssa,
Harflcxir, han-fluR'.
Harwich, har 'ridge.
Hasselt, has'selt.
Hastings, haist'ings.
Sat'ter-as;
Elaussa, hCw'sa, syn. Hous?a.
Ea-van'a or Havanna (Sp. Habana
or Havana, a-va'na).
Saverhill (England), hav'er-il.
Haverhill (Mass.), ha'ver-il.
Savre de Grace, hav'?r de grass
(Fr. pron. a'v'r deh grass.
Hawaii, ha-wl'ee, also written
Owhyhee.
Hayti or Haiti, hi'te (Fr. proa.
aVte').
Hazebrouck, az v brook'.
Sebrides, heb'rid-ez.
He'brus, syn. Marizza.
Hec'la.
Hedjaz, hej-az', also written Heds-
jaz.
Heidelberg, hi'd?l-blRG\
Heilbronn, hil-bronn'.
Hel-e'na (St.)
Eel'go-land or Hell-go-land.
Helmstedt, helm'-stctt (incor-
rectly written Helmstadt).
el^mund' ; written also Helmend
BLel'sing-fors.
Hel-vel'lyn.
HEL
ITA
JUT
589
53 as in good ; 6V a3 in now ; s like *; gh like g hard ; tu as iu this.
Helvoetsluyg, hel'vo3t-slois\
Hempstead, hemp'sted.
Hen-rl'co.
Herat, hpr-at' .
Henmlt, ha x ro' or a'ro'.
Her-cu-la'ne-um.
Her'e-ford.
Herrnanstadt, heVman-statt
Her 'm us or Sarabat. sa-ri
bat\
Herrnhut,
Hersfeld,
Hertford (in England), har'-
furd.
Hertford (in the U.S.), hert'
furd.
Hesse Cas'sel (Ger. Hessen Cas-
sel, hes'sen kas'sel.
Hesse Darmstadt hess daRm'-
statt (Ger. Hessen Darmstadt,
hes'sen daRin'statt).
Hesse Hom'burg (Ger. Hessen
Homburg, hes'sen hom'-
booRG) .
Heytesbury, haits'ber-e.
Highlands, hilandz.
High tower, syn. Etowah.
Hildburghausen, hilfbSoRG-how^-
zen.
Hildesheim, hil'des-hlme.
Hil'lah; written also HeUah.
Himalaya, him-a-li'a, or Himma-
leh, himma'la.
Hin'doo Koosh; written also
Hindu Kusch or Kush.
Hin-do-stan' or In-do-stan' ; writ-
ten 'also Hindustan, Hindoo-
stan, and Industhan.
Hispan-I-o'la, syn. Hayti.
H'las'sa, syn. Lassa.
Ho-aug'ho, pronounced almost
wang'ho\
Hobart Town, hob'er-tun.
Ho'bo-ken.
Hochheim, hoTnme or hoK-
hlme.
Hohenlinden, ho x en-lmd'en.
Hohenzollern, ho^en-tsol'lern.
Holland (Dutch pron. hoi'-
lant).
Holstein, hol'stme.
Hom'burg (Ger. pron. hom'-
b35RG).
Horns, hums, or Hums, syn.
Emesa.
Hon'da (Sp. pron. on'da) .
Honduras, hon-doo'ras.
Honfleur, hiN GV fluR' or ON GX -
flUR'.
Honolulu, ho-no-loo'loo.
Hoogly.
H oV- ten-tots.
Housatonic, hoq'sa-ton'ik.
Houssa, how'sa, written also
Haussa and Haousa, or Haous-
sah.
Houston, hows'tun.
Huaheine or Huahine, hoo-a-hee'-
na.
Huasacualco, hwa-sa-qufd'ko. syn.
Guazacualco.
Huelva, wel'va.
Huesca, wes'ki.
Humphreys, um'froz.
Hungary, hung'ga-re (Hun. Mag-
yar Orszag, mod-y8R OR-
s|g)-
Hurd v war\
Hu'ron.
Huy, hoi.
Hyapura. See Japura.
Hyderabad, hi'der-a-bid', or Hy
drabad.
ITv' dr.
I.
laroslav, ya-ro-sliv', syn. Yaro
slav.
Ibarra, e-bar'ri.
Iceland (called Island, ees'land
by the natives).
Icolmkill, ik'orn kill,' syn. lona.
Id'ri-a.
lekatarinburg. See Ekatarin
burg.
Iglau, iglow; written also Iglaw
Igualada, e-gwa-la'Da.
Ihna, ee'na.
lie de France, eel deh frONSS.
Ilfracombe, il'fra-koom.
Hha Grande, eel'ya grun'da.
Hi, elee, syn. Gooldsha.
lUe, eel.
[llimani, eel-ya-ma'ne.
[llinois, il-lin-oi'.
Il-lyr'i-a,
Hz, ilts.
Imola, e-mo'la.
[n'dla.
|n x dl-an'a or in-de-ah'na.
n-di-an-ap'o-lis.
jid-oor' or In-dore'.
!n-dos-tan', syn. Hindostan.
^ndre, aifd'r.
!n'dus or Sindh, smd.
:ngolstadt, ing'gol-statt\
innspruck, inns'prook, or Inns-
bruck,
in-ver-a'ry.
inverkeithing, in-ver-kee'thing.
Inverlochy, in-ver-l6K'e.
^n-ver-ness'.
:n-ver-u'ry.
ona.e-o'na, or Icolmkill, ik x om-
onia, i-o'ne-a.
"o'nl-an.
.'o-wa.
!rak Adjemi, eVfik' aj'^h-mee.
rak Arabi, e v rak' ar'a-bee\
[redell, ir'del.
"re'land or E'rin.
T-kootsk; written also Irkutsk
and irkoutsk.
roquois, ir-o-quoy'.
xVa-wad'dy ; written, also, Irra-
wadi.
"r-tysh' or Irtish (Russ. pron.
rvine, ir'vin.
schia, is'ke-a.
seo, e-sa'o.
ser or Isar, ee'zer.
sere, e N zaiR'.
serlohn, ee v zer-lon.
'sis.
s-ken-der-roon', syn. Alexan-
dretta.
slamabad, is-lam-a-b*d'.
sla, I'la, or Islay, i'la.
sle of Wight, II QV wit.
smail, is^ma-eel'.
spahan, is-pa-han', or Isfahan,
[ssoire, "
Is'trt-a.
It'a-ly' (It. Italia, e-t4'le-i) .
Italian, it-al'yun or e-tal'yuu.
Itapicuru, e-ta-pe-koo-roo'.
It-a-wa.n'ba.
Ith'a-ca, syn. Theaki.
Ivifa, Iviza, e-vee'sa, or Ibiza.
Ivrea, e-vri'a.
J.
Jaca, Ha'ki.
Jacquemel or Jacmel, zhak x mel'.
Jaen, Ha-en'.
Jaffa or yaf 'fa.
Jaf v na-pa-tam'.
Jago, St. See Santiago.
Jagua, Ha'gwa, syn. Xagua.
Jakutsk. SeeYakootsk.
Jalapa, nd-la'pi, syn. Xalapa.
Jaliscoe or Xalisco, Ha-lees'ko 01
Ha-lis'ko.
Jamaica, ia-ma'ka.
Janiua, ya/ne-na, syn. Yanina.
Jap-an' (called Niph'on by the Ja-
panese).
Japura, Ha-poo'ra; sometimes
written Hyapura and Yupu-
ra.
Jaquemel, zhak^mel', syn. Jacque-
mel.
Taroslaw. See Yaroslav.
Fassj', yiis'se (Ger. Jasch, yash).
Faszbereny, yass-ba-rain'.
Fauer, ySw'er.
Fava, ja'va or jhah'va.
d'Angdly, Saint, saN G zhoN
edburgh, jed'bur-reh.
Feddo, yed'do, syn. Yeddo.
Tehoon. See Oxus.
Ten'a (Ger. pron. ya'na).
Teres, na-rls', syn. Xeres.
Fersey, jer'ze.
Fer-u'sa-lem (called El Kads or El
Kods by the Arabs),
fesi, ya'se.
Fes'sa-mme.
"esso" or lesso, yes'so, syn. Yes-
so.
"ey'poor or Jyepoor, jT-poor'.
id'da or D.jidda.
ihon or Jehoon. See Oxus.
ijona, He-Ho'na, syn. Xixoua.
oannina. See Jauina.
o Daviess, jo da/vis,
'o-han'iia, syn. Anzooan.
ol'T-ba or Djoliba.
onkjoping or Jonkoping, yon'-
cho-ping, almost yon'chepiny.
"ood'poor or Mar'war\
or'dan.
brullo or Xorullo, Ho-rool'yo;
oil on pronounced no-roo'yo.
n'nn "Fer-nan'dfz (Sp. pron. HOO-
an' fcR-nan'deth).
u'an, Saint (Sp. San Juan, san-
HOO-an' or San Hwan).
Fug x ger-naut' or Juggernaut?!,
^ujuy, Hoo-Hwee'.
uliers, zhu v le-a' (Ger. Jiilich,
yu'liK),
um'na.
ungfrau, yuur/frow.
u^m-at'a.
u'ra (Fr. pron. zhuh-a).
ut'land (Dan. Julland, yul'-
land.
590
KAA
LAE
LAI;
Kasan or Kazan, ka-zan'.
Kaschau, kash'ow (Hun. Kassa,
k5sh-sh3h);
Kash-gar' or Cashgar.
Ka-tah'din.
Kat-man'doo or Katmandhu, sy?i.
Catmandoo.
Kat'te-gat, syn. Cattegat.
Keczkeme't, kech^kem^ait'.
Kee'o, syn. Miaco.
Kehl, kale.
Keighly, keeth'le.
Kelat, kel-at', or Kelath.
Kenawha or Kanawha, ken-aw'wa,
syn. Kanawha.
Keneli or gene", ken'^li\
Ken x ne-beck'.
Ken x ne-bunk'.
Ken-tuck'y.
Kerman, ker-man', syn. Kirman.
Keswick, kez'ik.
Keszthely, kest^heL'.
Ketch'o, sometimes written
Cachao and Kesho.
Kharkof, Kar-kof ; written also,
Charkhow, Kharkow, and Khar-
kov.
Khartoom, Khartum, or Khar-
toum, Kar-toom'.
Kherson or Cherson, K^r-sone'.
Khiva or Kheeva, Kee'va.
Khoozistan or Khuzastan, KOO-ZIS-
tan'.
Khorassan, KO^ra-san'.
Kiakhta, ke-aK'ta.
Kiang-Ku, ke-ang'-kew', syn.
Yang-tse-kiaug.
Kid-d?r-min'ster.
Kief or Kiew, ke-ef or KX-ev'.
Kiel, keel.
Kil-ken'ny.
Kil-ma-dock'.
Kil-mar'nock.
Kincardine, kin-kar'din.
Kingkitao, king-ge-ta'o.
Kin-ross'.
Kin-tore'.
Kin-tyre', syn. C u yre.
Kiousiou or Kioo : >o, ke-oo'se-oo'.
Kircaldy, kjr-ka i Je or kjr-kaw'-
de.
Kirkudbright, k ' r : oo'bre.
Kooban, Kouban, or Kuban, koo-
bin'.
Koondooz, Koundouz, or Kunduz,
koon-dooz'.
Koor, Kour, or Kur, koor.
Koordistan, Kurdistan, or Curdis-
tan, koor-dis-tan'.
Koorile, Kourile, or Kurile, koo'-
ril.
Koorsk, Koursk, or Kursk,
koorsk.
Korassan, ko v ras-san', syn. Kho-
rassan.
Koros, ko'rosh', almost ker^resh'.
Kosciusko, kos-se-us'ko.
Koslin, kos-leen', syn. Coeslin.'
Kos-tro'ma.
Kouban. See Kooban.
Koursk. See Koorsk.
Koutaieh. See Kutaiyeh.
Kowno, kov'no.
Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, or*
Krasuojarsk, kras x no-yarsk'.
Krem'nitz (Hun. Kormecz Banya,
kor'metsban'ySh).
Kreuznach, kroits'naK.
Krish'na or Kist'na
Kur. See Koor.
Kurdistan. See Koordistan.
Kurile. See Koorile.
Kurishe or Curishe-Haff. koo'rish
eh-haff.
Kurland. See Courland.
Kursk. See Koorsk.
Kutaiyeh, ku-t;Vya, or Koutaieh
or Kutaja, koo-ti'a.
Fate, fir, faU, fat, me, m3t; n5, not ; ?, e, i, o, dbscurt; a, 6, 1, 6, ft, long; S, 8, X, 8, fl, short; oo as in
K.
Kaarta, kA^ta.
Kaffa, kaffa, or Feodosia, fa-o-do'-
se-d.
Kahira, ka'he-ra, syn. Cairo.
Kairwan, kare-wan'.
Kaisarieh, ki-zar-ee'eh.
Kal N a-ma-zoo'.
Kalisz or Kalisch, ka'lish.
Kal'mar, syn. Cain.
Kal-oo'ga, written also Kaluga
Kama, ka'ma.
Kamieniec, kamVen'y<?ts\ some-
times written Kaminietz.
Kamt-chat'ka or Kamtschatka.
Kanawha, kan-aw'wa.
KanMa-har', syn. Candahar.
Kan'z^s or Kon'zas.
Kara, kli'rd.
Kara-hissar, kiVra'-his-sar'.
Karamania. See Caramania.
Kara-Soo, Kara-Su, or Karasou,
kil'ra'-soo'.
Karls'burg (Ger. pron. kaals'-
Kirman, kSSr-man, or Kerman.
Kirmanshah or Kirmanshaw 3
keCr-mjln-shaw'.
Kis-kl-min'e-tas.
Kist'ua, syn. Krishna.
Kit-ta-tin'ny.
Kiusiu, ke-oo'se-oo', syn. Kioosioo.
Kiutaja. See Kutaiyeh.
Kiz'il Ir'mak (Turk. pron. kiz'il
5er-mak').
Klagenfurth, kli'gen-fooKt v , syn.
Clagenfurth.
Klamet, klah'met, syn. Tlamet.
Klattau, klat't5w.
Klau'sen-burg (Ger. pron. k!8w'-
zen-b55Ba x , Hun. Kolozsvar, ko-
lozh-v|,r').
Knisteneaux, nis'te-no.
Koenigingretz. See Konigingratz.
Koenigsberg. See Konigsberg.
Kolin, ko-leen'.
Kolozsvar. See Klausenburg.
Kolyvan, ko-la-van', syn. Revel.
Ko'morn, syn. Comorn.
Kongsberg, kongs'bfog.
Konieh or Konia, ko'ne-a.
Konigingratz, ken'ig-in-gr3ts x , or
Koniggriitz, ken'ig-grlts.
Konigsberg or Koenigsberg, ken'-
igz-berg (Ger. pron. ko'nias-
L.
Laaland, lawland, or Lolland.
La Baca, pronounced, and often
written, La Vas'c*.
Lab^ra-dor'.
Lac'ca-dlves*.
Lack-a-wan'n.
Lack-a-wax'en.
Ladakh,
Ladikia. See Latakia.
Lad-o'ga.
Lad-rones (Sp. pron. liD-ro'
n^s).
La Fere. See Fere.
La Fayette, laf-a-yett'.
La Fourche, lah foorsh.
La Grange, lah gran j .
Lago di Como, la'go d6 ko'mo.
Lago Maggiore, la'go mad-jo'ra.
La Guayra, la gwl'ra.
Laguna, la-goo'na.
Laguna del Madre, li-goo'na del
maD'ra.
La Haye. See Hague.
Lahn, Ian.
Lahore, la-hor'.
Lahsa or Lachsa.laH'sa, syn.Hajar.
Laibach, li'baK, syn. Laybach.
Laland. See Laaland.
La Maucha, la man'cha 01
m'mt'cha.
La Marche, la maRsh.
Lambayeque, lam-bl-a'ka.
Lamego, la-ma'go.
Lauai, la'm, or Ranai, ra'nl.
Lan'ark-shire or Lanarkshire, syn.
Clydesdale.
Lancashire, lank'a-shir.
Lauc'as-ter.
Lan-cer-o'ta or Lanzarote (Sp.
pron. lan-tha-ro'ti).
Lanciano, lan-che-a'no or lan-
cha'uo.
Lan-daff', more properly Llandaff.
Landau,or Landaw, Iau'd5w.
Landes, IdNd.
Landry, lan'dre.
Lands'brg (Ger. pron. lants'-
bi?BO).
Landscrona, lands'kroo-ni.
Land's-End'.
Landshut, lands'hoot (Ger. pron.
lants'hoot).
Langeac, l6NG v khak'.
Laugelaud, lang'e-land, or Lang'-
laud.
Langensalza, lfmg v en-saltz'a.
Langholm, lan'gum.
Laiigres, l6Ng x r.
Languedoc, loN GV gheh-dok'.
Lanzarote. See Laucerpta.
La-od-i-ce'a. See Latakia.
Laon, la v oN'.
Laos, la'oce.
La Paz. See Paz.
Lap'land.
La Plata, la plii'ta. See Plata.
La Publa or La Puebla de Ion
Angeles, la pweVla da loce ang 7 -
Laredo, la-ra'do.
Lar-is'sa.
Laristan, lar-is-tan'.
Lar'nK-ca.
La Salle, lah sail
Las Palmas, las pal'mas, syn. Pal-
mas.
Las'sa or H'lassa, h'lis'si.
Latakia, LVta-kee'a, or Ladikia,
LlMe-kee'a.
Lat v ta-koo'.
Lauban, 15 w 'ban.
Lauenburg, low'en-burg or I5vr'?n-
b33RO'.
Lau'der-dale.
Lausanne, lo v zann'.
Lauterbrunnen, Ww'ter-bro^n^-
nen, or Lauterbrunn, ICw'ert-
LAV
LTJB
MAG
591
85 as in good ; Sw as in note ; s like *; gh like g hard ; th as in tTvw.
LnY-ac'ca, syn. La Baca.
Laval, laVal'.
Lavoro, la-vo'ro.
Laybach or Laibach, ll'baK (Illyr;
Lublana, loo-bla'na) .
Leamington, lem'ing-tun.
Leb'a-ngn.
Lecce, let'cha.
Lech, ICK.
Lectoure, lek'tooB'.
Loeuwarden, 16'waB x den.
Leg-horu' or legliorn (It. Livor-
no, le-voB'no).
Legnano, l<?n-ya'no.
Leh or Lei, la.
Lehigh, lee'b.i.
Leicester, les'ter.
Leiden, ll'den, syn. Leyden.
Leiningen, ll'ning-en.
Leinster, lin'ster or leen'ster.
Leipsic, lip'sik (Ger. Leipzig, lip'-
tsio).
Leiria or Leyria, la-ree'u.
Leith.leeth.
Leitmeritz, lit'mer-its, or Leut-
meritz, loit'mer-its.
Leitrim, lee'trim.
Le Mans, leh moN G .
Leni'berg (Ger. pron.
Pol. Lwow, Iwof).
Le'na (Rass. pron. la-na').
Lenape. See Lenni-Lennappe".
Len'a-wee.
Lenni-Lennappe", len'ne-len x na'pa,
often written Lenape.
Lenoir, le-nore'.
Lentini, le"n-tee'ne.
Leogane, la-o-gan'.
Le'on (Sp. pron. la-6n').
Le Puy, leh pwe. See Puy.
Lerida, l<?r'e-da.
Les Andelehs, la zond x le'. See
Andeleys.
Les Gonaives, la go^nlv'. See Go-
naives.
Les Martigues, la maB^eeg';
Lestwithiel. See Lostwithiel.
Leucadia, lu-ka'de-a. syn. Santa
Maura.
Leuchtenberg, loiK'ten-bi?BG\
Leutmeritz,loit'meB-its,8i/n. Leit-
meritz.
Leutschau, loit'shSw (Hun. Locse,
16-cha).
Le-vant'.
Leyden or Leiden, ll'den.
Liampo, le-am'po\ syn. Ning-Po.
Libadia, liv-a-Dee'3,, syn. Livadia.
Ll-be'rI-a.
Libourne, le v booBn'.
Lichtenau, liK'teh-n5w x .
Licbtenfels, liK'ten-fels\
Lichtenstein, liK'tgn-stm\ or
Liechtenstein, leeK'ten-stm x .
Liege, leej (Fr. pron. le-aizh';
Dutch, Luyk or Luik, loik ; Ger.
Liittich, lilt'tiK).
Liegnitz, leeg'nits.
Lieou Khieou. See Loo Choo.
Lier, leer (Fr. Lierre, le-aiB').
Liimfiord, leem-fe-ord', syn. Lym-
fiord.
Lille or Lisle, leel.
Lima (Peru), lee'mi.
Lima (U.S.), li'ma.
Lim'burg (Fr. Limbourg,
boofi').
Limoges, le^mozh'.
Limousin, le x moo x saN G/ , or Limo-
sin.
LinareSj le-na'r^s.
Lincoln, link'un.
Linko'ping or Linkjoping, lin'cho^-
ping.
Liii-lith'gcvr.
Lintz or Linz, lints.
Lipari, lip'a-re or lee'pa-re.
Lippe, lip'peh.
Lippe-Detmold, -det'molt.
Lippe-Schaueuburg, -shSw'en-
bQoBG v or sh8w'en-burg.
Lis'bon (Port. Lis-bo'a or lees-
bo'a).
Lisle, leel, syn. Lille.
Lis'sa (Pol. Leszno, lesh'no).
Lith-u-a'nI-a.
Litiz (Pa.), lit'its.
Livadia or Libadia, liv-a-Dee'a.
Liv'Qr-pool.
Ll-vo'ni-a (Ger. Liefland, leef-
lant).
Livorno, le-voB'no, syn. Leg-
horn.
Ljusne, lyoos'nL
Llandaflf, lan-daff' or Landaff.
Llangollen, lan-goth'len.
Llanidloes, lan'id-less.
Llanos, lya'noce.
Llanrwst, lan'ropst.
Llerena, lya-ra'na.
Loango, lo-aug f 'go.
Lochaber, liJK-a'ber,
Loch Lomond. See Lomond.
Lode"ve, lo v daiv'.
Lodi (Italy), lo'de.
Lodi (U.S.), lo'di.
Lof-fo'den or LQ-fo'den.
Logrofio, Io-gr6n'yo.
Loir, IwiB,
Loire, Iwar.
Loiret, IwaVa'.
Lol'land, syn. Laaland.
Lom'bardy (It. Lombardia, loni-
baB-dee'a).
Lomond, Loch, IOK lo'mund.
London, lun'dun or lun'd'n.
Londonderry, lunMun-der're.
Lons-le-Saulnier, 15N G -leh-so x -
ne-a'.
Loo Choo (ch, as in child), written
also Lieou Khieou.
Look v noo y ee', syn. Saigon.
Lo-ret'to (It. and Sp. Loreto, lo-
ri'to).
Lorient or L'Orient, lo x re'6N G/ .
Los Angeles. See La Puebla do
los Angeles. [Often incor-
rectly written Los .4ngeZos.]
Lostwithiel, lost-with'el, or Lest-
withiel.
Lot (t pronounced).
Louisa, loo-ee'za.
Lough Neagh, Ids. na.
Loughrea, lon'ra'.
Louis, St., sent loo'is or loo'e (Fr.
pron. saN G looV) .
Loughborough, luff'bur-reh.
Louisiade, loo-ee-ze-ad'.
Louisiana, loo v e-ze-ah'na.
Louisville, loo'is-vil.
Louknoui, look v noo v ee', syn. Sai-
gon.
Louth (rhyming with the verb to
inouth) .
Louvain, loo-vane' (Fr. pron. loo x -
V;\N G ').
Louviers, looVe-a' (formerly Lo-
viers, loVe-i').
Low'ell.
Lowndes, 15vrnd.
Lozeie. lo x tai'.
Lil'beck.
Lucayos, loo-kl'oce, syn. Baha-
mas.
Luc'ca (It. pron. look'ka).
Lu-ce'na or loo-tha'na.
Lucera, loo-cha'ra.
Lu-cerne, (Fr. pron. Ivi'slBn' ; Ger.
Luzern orLucern, loot-sfen').
Lucerne, Lake of, (Ger. Wald-
stadter See or Vierwaldstiidter
See, feer-walt'stet-ter zi).
Lucia, (St), lu'she-a.
Luck'n6w x .
Lu^on. See Luzon.
Lu v da-mar'.
Ludwiggburg, lood'wigs-burg or
lood'wiGS-b5oBG\
Ludwigslust, lood'wiGS-loost\
Lugano, loo-ga'no.
Lugo, loo'go.
Lvineburg, lu'neh-burg or lii'neh-
booBG\
Lu'nen-burgf.
Lune"viUe, lu'ne-vil or lu x naVill'.
Lupata, lu-pi'ta.
Lusatia, lu-sa'she-a (Ger. Lausitz,
low'zits ; Fr. Lusace, luV
Lux'em-burg (Fr. Luxembourg,
xv '
Luxeuil, IUX X UL'.
Luzern. See Lucerne.
Luzerne (U. S.), lu-zern'.
Luzon, loo-zone' or' Lucon (Sp.
pron. loo x thone').
Lycoming, ll-kom'ing.
Lyme-Eegis, lim-ree'jis.
Lym x fi-ord', or Liimfiord, leem-
fe-ord'.
Lynn-Begis, lln-ree'jis.
Lyonnais or Lyonais. le'on v a'.
. Lyon, le v uN G/ ).
M.
3Iaas, m*is, syn. Meuse.
Maasluys, ma'slois, orMaasland-
sluys, mas'lant-8lois x .
Maastricht, mfis'triKt or m*ls'-
triKt, syn. Maestricht.
Macao, m?i-ka'o or ma-kuw'.
Macedonia, mas-se-do'ne-a.
Macerata, ma-cha-ra'ta.
Machias, match -I'us.
Mack'I-naw'; formerly Michili-
mackinac, mishHl-e-mak'in-aw.
MacLean, mak-lane'.
Macomb, ma-koom'.
Macon (France), ma N koN G/ .
Macan (U. S.), ma'kun.
Macoupin, ma-koo'pin.
Macquarrie, mak-kwor're.
Mad-a-gas'car.
Madeira, ma-dee'ra (Port. pron.
ma-da'e-ra).
Mad-ras'.
Mad-rid' (Sp. pron. ma-DreeD', al-
most math-reeth 7 ).
Mad'rid(intheU.S-).
Maelar, malar, or Maelaren, mi'-
lar-en.
Maelstrona, male'strum.
Maese. See Meuse.
Maestricht or Maastricht, mis / -
trix.
Mag-da-le'na (Sp. pron. mig-da-
la'nd).
Mag'de-burg (Ger. pron.
692 . MAG MEM MOL
Fate, far, fall, fat, me, m't ; no, not ; a, 5, i, 9, obscure; a, 6, 1, 5, a, long ; &, 8, f, 8, ft, short; oo as in moon ;
MnrrollnTi. m.i-ieTl.'iTi rSn. -nron. Mnrosch. ma'rosh CHun. Maros. Mende. mONd.
Magellan, ma-jel'lan (Sp. pron.
ma-Hel-yan'j.
Mageroe, mag'er-6 or m;Vgher-o'-
eh.
Mnggiore, mad-jo'r\.
Maarindinao, ma-Hin-de-na'o, syn.
Mindinao.
Mahanuddy, mah-han-nud'de.
Mahon, ma-hone' or mi-one'.
Mah-rat'ta.
Main or Mayn, mine.
Maine, man.
Mai-or'ca (op. Mallorca, mal-yoR'-
ka). '
MaTa-bar'.
Mal'a-ga or nia'la-gu.
Malaisia, mal'a'she-a.
Malar. See Moelar.
Malay, ma-la'.
MaMives/mal'dlvz.
Malines, mi v leen', syn. Mechlin
Mal'mo or mal'mo.
Malmohus, mal'mo-hooce.
Malo (St.), mu v lo'.
Malplaquet, maTpliVki'.
Malta, mawl'ta.
Malvern, maw'vern.
Malwah, mawl'wa.
Manaar, man-ar'.
Mancha, La, lil man'chu,
Manche, mONsh.
Man'ches-ter.
Manchooria. See Mantchooria.
Man-fre-do'nI-a or man-fra-do'-
ne-L
Manheim or Mannheim, man'-
hlme.
Man-il'la (Sp. Manila, ma-nee'la).
Manitouwoc, man v e-too-wok'.
Mans, Le, leh m6N G .
Mantchooria, Mandshooria, or
Mandchouria, man-choo'ree-a.
Man'tu-a (It. Mantova, man'to-
va).
Manzanillo, pronounced man-sa-
neel'yo by the Mexicans, and
man-tha-neel'yo by the Span-
iards.
Maracaybo or Maracaibo, ma-ra-
ki'bo.
Mar'a-mec x or Mer'J-mack.
Mar v an-7iam' or Maranhao (Port.
pron. ma-ran-ya'i>N G ).
Maranon, ma-ran-yon', syn. Ama-
zon.
Marbella, mar-bel'ya.
Mar'burg (Ger. pron. man'-
b5oRQ).
Marche, La, la maRsh.
Mar-deen'; written also Mardin
and Merdin.
Mar-en'go.
Margarita, mar-Gra-reet'a.
Mariana, ma-re-u :i i.
Mariel, ma v re-el'.
Ma'ri-Qn-berg (Ger. pron. ma-ree'-
en-b6RG v ) .
Ma'ri-pn-burg (Ger. pron. mfi-ree'-
Ma'ri-en-wer'der) (Ger. pron. ma-
ree'en-wlR x dr).
Marienzell, ma-ree'en-tselP, or Ma-
riazell, ma-ree'a-tsell x .
Marigliano, ma-reel'y;Vno.
Mariu, ma-reen'.
Marion, ma're-un.
Maritza or Marizza, m't-rit'sa.
Marlborough, marl'b'ruh.
Mar'mg-ra, or Mar'ma-ra.
Marue, maau.
Ma-roc'co, svn. Morocco.
Marosch, ma'rosh (Hun. Maros
m5r-osh).
Maros Vasarhely, m5r x osh' va
shaR-heL' (Ger. Neumarkt noi'-
maskt).
Marquesas, mar-ka'sas.
M irquette, mar-kett'.
31 ;rsala, maK-s.Vla.
jlarseilles, mar-sailz' (Fr. Mar-
seille, maR'sail').
Marta-ban'.
Martigues, Les, la maR x teeg'.
Martinique, mar x tin-eek' (Sp. Mar-
tinico, maR-te-nee'ko).
Mar'war\ syn. Joodpoor.
rvla'ry-land
Masafuera, mfis-a-fvva'ra .
Mascarenhas, mas-ka-ren'yas.
Alas-kat' or Mas-cate', syn. Mas-
cat.
iMas-ke'gon or Mas-ke'go.
M as v sa-chu'setts.
Masua or Massouah, mas'soo-a;
written also Massowah.
M asulipatam, mas-soo x le-pa-tam'.
Mat-a-mo'ros or Matamoras.
Ma-an'zas or ma-tau'thas.
Mat-ar-ee'y?h ; often written Ma-
taria or Mataryeh.
Matsmay or Matsmai, mats-mi'.
Mauch-Chunk, mawk-chunk'.
Maui, pronounced, and sometimes
wrtten, Mow'ee.
IMaurepas, mo're-pa\
Mauritius, maw-rish'e-us.
Mayence. See Mentz.
Mayenne, mjVyeun' orrnrenn'.
Mayn, mine, syn. Main.
Mayo (Ireland), ma'o.
Mayo (Mexico), ml'o.
Mazanderan, nia-zan-der-an', or
Mazanderoon, ma-zan-der-oon'.
Maz-at-lan' or ma-sat-lan'.
Meaco, me-a'ko, syn. Miaco.
M eaux, mo.
Mec'ca.
Mechlin, mek'lin, or Mechelen,
meK'el-en (Fr. Malines, mu v -
leen').
Meck'len-burg (Ger. pron. meck'-
iQn-booRG').
M eckle^burg Schwerin, -shw^r-
een'.
Mecklenburg Strelitz, -strel'its.
Medina (Arabia), med-ee'iia.
Medana, men-dan'ya. See Mar-
quesas.
Medina (U.S.), me-dl'na.
Medina Sidonia, med-ee'na se-do'-
ne-a.
M ed^-ter-ra'ti e-an.
Mehallet-el-kebeer or -el-kebir,
m eh-hal'let-el-keh -beeR'.
Me'idam, ma^e-dam'.
Me'inam or Meuam, m;Ve-nam' or
ma-nam'.
Meinder, man'der, syn. Mceauder.
Meiningen, mi'ning-en, or Mei-
nungen, na'nuong-en.
Meissen, mi'cen.
Mejerdah or Medjerdah, mch-
jer'da.
Mek'I-nez, Mek'I-nes, or Mek'nas;
also written Mequinez.
Melazzo. See Milazzo.
Me los, syn. Milo.
Melbourne.
Me-lun' (Fr. pron. m'lnO).
Mem'el or ma'mel.
Memi)hre-ma'gog,
Mende,
Men-do'za (Sp. pron. men-do'-
thfi).
Mentz, ments, or Mainz, mints
(Fr. Mayence, mfV'yoNss')
Menzaleh, men^za'leh.
?.[.'quinez. See Mekinez.
I'iurdin, mer-deen', sun. Mardeen
^I.Tcrui or Merghi, mer-ghee'.
Mer'i-da or m(3r'e-da.
Morimachi. See Miramachi.
Mer'i'-one v th.
Mermentau, mer^men-to'.
M er'o-e.
Mer'rI-mack.
M .r'se-burg (Ger. pron. m<?R'seh-
LOORG').
Mersey, mer'ze.
Merthyr Tydvil or Tydfil, mer'-
ther tud'vil.
Mesh'ed v or Mush'ed v ; written
also Mesched and Meschid.
Mesolongi. See Missolonghi.
Mes x o-po-ta'mi-a; called El-Jez-
ee'-rah (Al-Jezira) by theArabs.
Messina, mes-see'na.
Mesurado, mes-oo-ra'do.
Metelin, inet-e-leen', or Myt-e-
le'ne.
Metz, mets (Fr. pron. mace).
Meurthe, muRt.
Meuse, rnuze (Fr, pron. muz;
Dutch, Maese or Maas, rnas).
Mex'i-co (Sp. pron. mlh'se-ko)
Mezieres, mez x e-aiR'.
Miaco, nie-a'ko, or Kee'o.
Miami, m'i-ah'me.
Michigan, mish'e-gun or mish'e-
gan.
Michilimackinac, mish v il-e-mak'-
in-aw, syn. Mackinaw.
Michoacan, me v cho-a-kan'.
Miconi, mik'o-nee, syn. Myconos.
Mil'an (It. Milano, me-la'no).
Milazzo, me-lat'so, or Melazzo,
ma-lat'so.
Mil-wau'kee or Milwaukie.
Mincio, min'cho.
Mindanao, min-da-na'o, or Magin-
dinao, ma-Hin-de-na'o.
Mincho (in Portugal), meen'yo.
MinO (in Spain), meen'yo.
Min-or'ca or M en-or'ca.
Miramachi, mir x a-ma-shee'.
Mirandpla, n:e-ran'do-l.u
Mirepoix, mir^'h-pwa' or mg^R^
pwa'.
Miskolcz, mish-kolts'.
Mis-sis'que.
Mis v sis-sip'pi.
Missolonghi, mis-so-long'ghe.
Missouri, mis-soo're.
Mittau, mit'tow.
Mobile, mo-beel'.
Mocha, mo'ka (Arab. pron. mo'-
Ka v ).
Mod'en-a or mod't5n-a.
Modica, mod'e-ka,
Mog v a-dore' (called Swee'raby the
Moors).
Mo-gul'.
Mohaos, mo v hatch'.
Mo'hawk.
Mo-hee'lef; written also Mohilew
and Moghilev.
Moissac, mwas x sak'.
Moldau, mol'di5w.
Mol-da'vl-a.
Molise, mo-lee'sa.
Molokai, mo-lo-kl', or Morotai.
Mo-luc'ca*.
MOM
NOR
593
&5 as in good ; 3w as in now ; s like t; gh like g hard ; th, as in this.
Mombaza, mom-ba'za.
Mom-pox' (Sp. pron. mom-pon').
Monaco, mon'a-ko.
Monaghan, mon'a-nan.
Monastir, pronounced, and some-
times written, Mon-as-teer / .
Mondego, mon-di'go.
Mondofiedo, mon-dun-ya'DO.
Mon-go'll-a.
Mo-non x ga-he1a.
Mo-non-galll-a.
Monopoli, mo-nop'o-le.
Monreale, mon-ra-a'la. See Mont-
reale.
Mon-ro'vl-a.
Mons, mi:N G (Flem. Bergen, beV-
nen).
Montagnana, mon-tan-ya'na.
Montargis,
Montauban,
Montbrison,
Montcalui, mont-kam'.
Mont-de - Marsan, moN^ - deli -
man'
Montelimart, moN GV tare v maB'.
Monterey, mon-ta-ray'.
Mon-te-vid'e-o or mon-ta-vee'-
da-o.
Montgomery, mont-gum'er-e.
Monti lla, mcn-teel'ya.
Montmartre, moN GX maRt'r'.
Montmorenci, mont-ino-ren'se.
Mont-pe'li-er.
Mout-pel'll-er (Fr. pron. niuK GV -
p'-r-le-a').
Montreal, mont-re-awl' (Fr. Mont-
real, m6N ov r;Viir).
Montreale, inont-ra-a'la, more
properly, Monreale.
Mont-rose'.
Monttaer-rat'.
Monza, mon'za.
Mooltan or Moultan, mool-tan'.
M oorshedabad, moor v she-da-bad'.
Moorzook, Mourzook, or Murzuk,
moor-zook'.
Mo-ra'vi-a (Ger. Mahren, ma'-
r?n).
Moray, pronounced, and often
written, Mur'ray.
Morbihan, moR x beN
Mo-re-a', syn. Peloponnesus.
Morena, Sierra, se-er'ri mo-ri'ni.
Morlaix, monla'.
Mo-roc'co or Marocco (Arab. Ma-
raksh, mi-riiksli') .
Morotai, mo-ro-ti'. syn. Molokai.
Mortagne,
Mos'cow (Euss. Moskwa, mosk-
Moselle, mo zell' (Ger.
mo'zrl).
Moskwa' (Euss. pron. inosk-w \') .
Mosquito, mos-kee'to.
Mo'sul or Moo'sul.
Moulins?, moo
Moultan, mool-tan', syn. Mool-
tan.
Mourzouk. See Moorzook.
Mow'ee, syn. Maui.
Mozambique, mo-zam-beek'.
Muhlenburg, inu'lcn-burg.
Muhlhausen, Mule'how'zgn.
Muhlhausen, mule x how'zvn (Fr.
Muhlhouse, murooz').
Miihlheim, miile'hime.
^lulde, m55l ; deli.
Munich, mu'nik (Ger. Miinchen,
Murcia, mur'she^ (Sp. pron.
moou'cho-u).
Murray, mxir're, syn. Moray.
Mursuk. See Moorzook.
Murviedro, mooB-ve-i'dro.
Mus-cat' ; sometimes written
Mascat or Mascate.
Muscatine, inus^ka-teen'.
Mus-co'gee (g hard) .
Mua'ca-vy.
Muskingum, mus-king'guni.
Myc'o-nos, syn. Miconi or My-
coni, mik'g-nee.
Mysore, mi-sor'.
Myt-I-le'ne, syn. ilotelin.
N.
Naas, nace.
Nabajo, pronounced, and some-
times written Nav'a-hoe, or Na-
bajoa, na-va.-Hu'a.
Nagy Enyed. nod'yfh (almost
nodj) enyed'.
Nagy Karoly, nodj (or nSd'yeh)
ksVror.
Nagy Szombath, n5dj Bom'bot\
syn. Tyrnau.
Nagy Varad, iiodj va'r<5d\
N a-hant'.
Namur, na'mur (Fr. pron. n^V-
rnuB'; Flem. Namen, na'meu).
Nan'cy (Fr. pron. nan^se').
Nangasaki, nang-ga-sii'ke.
Nan-kin' or Nan-king' j called
also, Ni-ang' Ning.
Nantes, nants (Fr. pron. nfat).
Nantwich, nant'ich.
Naples, ni'pelz (It. Napoli, na'-
po-le).
Narbonne, naR^bonn'.
N armada, naii-mi'da, syn. !Ner-
buddah.
Nar'o-va or Nar'va.
Nash'u-a.
Nas'sau'(Ger. pron. na'suw).
Natal, na-tal'.
Natchez.
NatcM-toch'es, sometimes pro-
nounced nak x e-tush'.
Na-to'll-a or An-a-to'li-a, or Ana-
doli, fi-ua-do'le.
Naum v burg (Ger. prou. nuwm'-
boORG).
Nav'a-hoe (Indians) ; written also
Nabajo.
Navarino, nav-a-ree'no, or Neo-
castro, na o-kas'tro.
Nav-arre 7 (Sp. Navarra, I
ri).
Naviglio Grande, ni-veel'yo gran'-
da.
Naxia, nax-ee'a or Nax'os.
Neagh, Lough, loH na.
Neau, naV, syn. Eupcn.
Nedjd, nej'd, orNedj'cJ.
.-tatu'.
Neg-ro-pont' or Eg'ri-po.
Neisse, ni'c?h.
Nejin. See Nezhecu.
Nemours, neh-moor.
Neots, St., sent nc_
Ne-paul' or NepaL
Ner-bud'dah, or Narmada, nar-
ma'da.
Ner-tchinsk'.
Neschin, nesh-een'. S Nez-
heen.
Ne-sham'I-nj. 33
Neth'er-lands (Dutch, Nederland.
na'der-lant').
Nethou, neh-too'.
Neu'burg (Ger. pron. noiT>5oBG).
Neufchatel or Neuchdtel, nushT-
tel' (Ger. Neueuburg, noi'en-
booRG).
Neu-Markt, noi-markt.
Neu-Ruppin, npi-r6op-peen'.
Neusatz, noi'sats (Hun. Ujvid^k,
oo-e-ve-daik) .
Neuse, nuce.
Neu'sdhl or noi'sole.
Neustadt, nu'stat or noi'statt.
Neu-Wied, nu'weed or noi'weet.
Ne'va (Russ. pron. ua'va).
Nevada, na-va'Da.
Nevado, na-va'po.
Nevers, ngh-vai'.
Ne'vis, Ben.
Newcastle (Delaware), nu'kas-
sel.
Newcastle (England), nu-kas'sel.
Newfoundland, nu'fund-]and x
New Granada, nu gra-na'da.
New Guinea, -ghin'e, syn. Papua.
5J"ew Jersey, -jgrze.
New Le'on (Sp. Nuevo Leon,
nwa'vo la-one') -
New Mex'I-co (Sp. Nuevo Mexico,
nwa'vo meVne-ko).
New Or'le-ans, often, but incor-
rectly, called New Or-leens'.
New Sa'rum, syn. Salisbury.
New Sau-tan'der (Sp. Nuevo Sau-
tander, nwa'vo ain- tan-dais')-
New Zealand, -zee'laud.
Nezh-een' ; written' also Nejiu
and Neschin.
Nez Pei cd, na pen'sa', commonly
pronounced nay per'ce.
Niagara, ni-ag'a-rala.
Nicaragua, nik-ar-a'gwa.
Nice, neess (It. Nizza, nit'sa).
Nicholas, nik'o-las.
Nic-o-bar'.
Nic'Q-las, St. (Fr. Saint Nicolas,
saNG ue'ko v la').
Nicopoli, ue-kop'o-le.
Nicosia, ne-ko'se-A.
Niederwesel, nee'd^r-v\- t Vz?l, syn.
Wesel.
Nienien, nee'men (PoL pron.
nyem'en).
Nieuport, uu'port.
Nievre, ne-aiv'r'.
Niger, ul'jr, or Quor'ra.
Nijni. &le Ni.
Nikolaief or Nikolaiew, ne-ko-
lI'Af.
Nik'ols-burg (Ger. pron. ne'kols-
Nile (Arab. Bahr Nil, ban'meel;.
Nimegue. See Nimwegen.
N'imes or Nismes, neem.
Nimwegeu, uim-wi'ghQn ; more
correctly, Nymwegen, mm-wa'-
ghen (Fr. Nimegue, ne'maig').
Ning-Po, former lyLiampo, le-am'-
po\
N'iort, ne-or'.
Niph-on' or Nip-on'.
NislTa-poor', written also Nisha-
pour.
Nizh'nee (or Nijni) Nov^go-ro'l .
Nocera, no-cl
Noerdliugen. See NordliJigen.
Nord, .
Nordhauseu, nont-hSw'zen.
ordliinreu or Noerdlingen.
nort'liug-eu, almost nurt'ling-^n.
594
NOK
OUS
PEK
Fate, far, fill, fat, m&, m<*t j 06, n5t } ?, ?, J, 9, obscure; a, e, I, o, u, longr ; H, g, I, 8, u, sTiorf; oo as in moon ;
Nor'folk.
Nor'man-dy.
Norrkoping, noa'cho-ping.
Nor'way (Norw. Norge, noR'geh
or noR'ga).
Norwich (England), nor'ridge.
Norwich (U.S.), nor'rich or nor'-
wich.
Novara, no-va'ra.
Nova Scotia, iio'va sko'she-a.
No'va Zem'bla.
Nov x go-rod' or No x vo-go-rod'.
Novi, no've.
Noyon, ndhVuN G '.
Nu'M-a.
Nueces, nwa'cls.
Nueva Helvetia, nwa'ya hel-va'-
te-a, syn. New Helvetia;
Nuevitas, nwa-vee'tas.
Nuevo Leon, nwa'vo la-one', syn.
New Leon.
Nuevo Santander, nwa'vo san-
tan-daiR', syn. New Santander.
Nukahiva, noo x ka-hee'va.
Nu'rem-brg (Ger. NOrnberg,
Nykoping or Nykjoping, nu'cho v -
ping, almost nee'chup-ing.
Nyon,
0.
Oahn, wahTioo.
Oaxaca or Oajaca, wa-Ha/ka j writ-
ten also Guaxaca.
Obi or Oby, 6'be, or Ob.
Ocafia, o-kan'ya,.
Oceana, o-she-ah'na.
Oceanica, o-she-an'e-ka.
Ochotsk. See Okhotsk.
Oc-mulg'ee, formerly written Oak-
mulgee.
0-co'nee.
Oczakow. See Otchakof.
Odense, 6'den-seh.
O-des'sa.
Oedenb'urg, e'den-burg or 6'dcn-
b55KG v (Hun. Soprony, sho-
Oeland, e'lund or 6'land.
Oels, els or 61s.
Oerebro, er'e-bro or 6're-bro.
Oesel, e'sl, or 6'sal.
Oettingeu, et'ting-n or 6t'ting-en.
O'fen, syn. Buda.
Offenbach, of'fen-baK v .
Ogeechee, o-ghee'che.
Oglethorpe, 6'g'l-thorp.
Oglio, 61'yo.
O-hi'o.
Oise, oiz (Fr. pron. waz, almost
wlz).
Ojibbeway. See Chippeway.
Okhotsk, o-Kotsk' (Euss. pron.
almost o-Hotsk').
Oktibbeha, ok-tib'be-haw.
Ol'd?n-burg (Ger. pron. ol'dn-
Oldham, old'um.
Ol^ron, o v la v roN G/ : sometimes
written Oloron, o x lo'roN G/ .
OM-ven'za or Oliven?^ (Sp. pron.
o-le-ven'tha) .
Ol'mutz or Oll'mutz.
O-lo-nets' or Olonetz.
Oman, 6-man'.
O'mer, St. (Fr. Saint Omer,
o v maiR')-
0-ne'ga (Euss. pron. o-na'ga).
Oneglia, o-nel'ya.
Oneida, o-ni'da.
Onondaga, on v un-daw'ga.
Ontario, on-ta're-o.
Oojein, oo-jane.
Oo-na-las'ka or Oo-na-lash'ka ;
written, also, Unalasch'ka.
Oor'fg,; written, also, Urfa, Ourfa,
and Orfa.
Oorghenj, Ourghendj, or Urgendj,
oor-ghenj' : sometimes written
Urghenz and Urgantz: syn.
Khiva.
Ooroomeea or Urumiya, oo-roo-
mee'a; written, also, Urmiah
and Ourmiah.
Oos-tan-aw'la.
Oosterhout, 'oce'tQr-howt\
Oostioog Velikee, Ustiug Veliki,
or Oustioug Veliki, oos-te-oog'
vel'e-kee.
Oozbek, Ouzbek, or Uzbeck, ooz x -
bek'.
Oozbekistan, ooz-bek-is-tan'. syn,
Bokhara.
0-por'to.
Oppenheim, op'pen-hime\
Or'ange (Fr. pron. o y r6Nzh').
Orcades, or'ka-dez, syn. Orkneys.
Orebro. See Oerebro.
Or'e-gon.
O-rel r or Or-lof.
Orellana, o-r^l-ya'na, syn. Ama-
zon.
O'ren-boorg v or Orenburg.
Orihuela, o-re-wa'la.
O-rin-o'ko.
0-ris'ka-ny.
Orizaba, o-re-sa'ba.
Orkneys, ork'nez.
OrManais or Orldanois
Or'le-ana (Fr. pron. oB v
Or'mus or Ormuz (Pers. Hor-
mooz).
Orne, oun.
Orontes, o-ron't^z (called, by the
Arabs, El Aasy, el a'se x ).
Or'te-gal or oR-ta-gal'.
Orthez or Orthes, OR^ta'.
Orvieto, OR-ve-a'to.
O x sage' (Fr. pron. o
Osceola, os-se-o'la.
Oshmooneyn or Achmouneyn,
osh-moo-nane'.
Os'na-brilck v (often called, in Eng-
lish, Os'na-burg).
Os'sl-pee.
Ossuna, os-soo'na.
Ost-end'.
Oswegatchie, os x we-gatch'e.
Os-we'go.
Otaheite. See Tahiti.
Otchakof or Oczakow, otch x a-kof.
O-tran'to.
Ot'ta-wa or ot'ta-wA,
Otterbach, ot'tr-baK\
Ot'ter-burn.
Ot'to-man Empire, syn. Turkey.
Oude, ood.
Oudenarde, 8w x den-ar'deh (Fr. Au-
denarde, 6 v d?n-aRd').
Oural, See Ural.
Ouralsk or Uralsk, oo-ralsk',
Ourfa. See Oorfa.
Ourmiah or Urmiah, ocr-mee'a.
syn. Ooroomeea.
Ourghendj. Se Oorghenj.
Ouse, ooz.
Ouzbek. See Oozbek.
O'vid (N. Y.)
Oviedo, o-ve-a/DO.
Owhyhee. See Hawaii.
Ox'us; called, also, the Amoo or
Amu, a v moo', and Gihon, je-hon'
or Je-hoou'.
Oy v a-pock' or Oyapoc.
O-zark'.
P.
Pachuco, pa-choo'ko.
Pa-cif'ic.
Paderborn, pa'der-bonn'.
Pad'u-a (It. Padova, pa'do-va).
Paglia, piil'ya.
Paisley, paz'le.
Paishawur. See Peskawer.
Para-wan'.
Pal-em-bang'.
Palencia, pa-len'she-a (Sp. pron.
pa-len'the-a).
Palenque, pa-lenk'a, or Culb.ua-
can, kool-wa-kan'.
Pa-ler'mo (It. pron. pa-llr'mo).
Pal'es-tlne.
Palestiina, pa-les-tree'na.
Pal-lam-cot'ta.
Palma, pjil'mL
Palmas or Las Palmas, las pal'-
mas.
Palo Alto, pa'lo al'to.
Pal-my'ra.
Pamplona, pfim-plo'na, or Pampe-
luna, pam-pa-loo'na.
Panama, pan-a-ma'.
Pa'pal State (It. Stato Pontificio,
sta'to pon-te-fee'che-o).
Papua, pap'oo-a or pa'poo-a, syn.
New Guinea.
Para, pa-rii'.
Paraguay, pa-ra-gwa' or pa-ri-
gwi'.
Parahyba or Paraiba, pa-ra-ee'bS.
Par^a-mar^i-bo.
Parana, pa-ra-na,'.
Parana-Iba or Paranahiba, pa-ra-
na-ee'ba.
Paris, par'ris (Fr. pron.
Pascagotila, pas v ka-goo'la,
P asco or Cerro Pasco, ser'ro t>as'-
ko.
Pas-de-Calais, p& d e h kala'.
Paso del Norte, pa v so de v l noB'ta.
or El Paso del Norte.
Pas-sa'ic.
Pas x sa-ma-quod 'dy .
Passarowan,
Passau, pas'sow.
Pat-a-go'nI-a.
Pa-to'mac. See Potomac.
Pa-tras' or Patrasso, pa-tras'so.
Pau, po.
Pavia, pa-vee'a.
Pax'os or Pax'o.
Pays Bas, pa'e ba.
Pays de Vaud, pa'e d?h vo, syn.
Vaud.
Paz, La, la paz (Sp. pron. li path).
Peebles, pee'blz.
Pe'dee'.
Pegnitz, peg'nits.
Pegu or Pegou, pe-goo', or Bagoo,
Peipus, pa'e-pooce, or Tchood'-
sko-e.
Pe v kin' or Pe'kiug'.
PEL
PUE
REU
695
S3 aa in good ; 5w as in note ; s like z; gh like g hard ; th as in this.
Pe-ieV.
Pemigewasset, penVi-je-wos'set.
Penafiel, pane-ya-fe-el' or -fe-ale'.
Perlalva, pane-yal'va.
Pen-den'nis.
Penn-syl-va'nf-a.
Pe-nob'scot.
Pen'sa-co'la,
Pen-zance'.
Pe-o'rI-a.
Pereslavl, p<?r-es-lavT, syn. Eia-
zan.
Perdido, per-dee'do.
Perigord, plrVgOB*.
Perigueux, pSryguh'.
Pernambuco, p^K-nam-boo'ko.
Pernau, peR'n5w.
Perote, pi-ro'ta.
Perpignan,
Per-quim'ans.
Persia, peVshe-a, not per-zhe-a;
(called by the natives Iran,
ee'ran').
Peru, pe-roo'.
Perugia, pi-roo'ja.
Peshawer, Peichaouer, Peschauer,
pesh'our ; written also Paisha-
wur and Peishore.
Pesth, pest (Hun. pron. pesht).
Petch-o'ra or Petschora.
Pe'ters-bu'rg, Saint (Euss. Peters-
burg, pi'ters-booRG).
Peterwardein, pee x t$r-war'dm
(Ger. pron. pi-ter-VFar'dm).
Pet-ro-zav-odsk'.
P^zenas, p^z^ni'.
PhiPa-derpM-a.
Philip-pine. ^
Piaenza, pe-a-chen'za.
Piave, pe-a'vi.
Pic'ar-dy (Fr. La Picardie, li pe'-
kaRMe').
Pichincha, pe-chin'chd GT pe-
cheen'cha.
Pictou, pik-too'.
Piedmont, peed'mont (It. Pie-
monte, pe-i-mon'ta).
Pieds Noirs, pe-i' nwaR, syn.
Blackfeet.
Pierre, Saint, sent peer (Fr. pron.
saN G pe-aiu').
Pignerol, peen v yer-rol'. See Pine-
rolo.
Pilcomayo, pil-ko-ml'o.
Pilica, pe-leet'si or pe-lit'si.
Pillau, pillow.
Pinerolo, pe-na-rol'o (Fr. Pigne-
rol, peen-yer-ol').
Pirmasena or Pirmasenz, p8Ss'-
ml-s^nts.
Pisa, pee'zi.
Pistoja, pis-to'yi.
PiteA, pit'e-6.
Pitt-syl-va x nt-a.
Placentia, pla-sen'she-a.
Plaquemine, plak x meen'.
Plasencia, pl"i-sen'she-a (Sp. pron.
pU-Se!lti:
Plata, Lu, li pla'ta; called also
the Argentine (ar'jen-tm) JRe-
public (Sp. Kepnblica Argen-
tina, r;\-peob'le-ki aB-H^n-tee'-
na).
Plata, Eio de la, ree'o del-i pU'-
Platte, platt.
Flatten See, plat'ten si, or Lake
Balatony, bu'lohH.!!'.
Plauen, plow'en.
Pleisse, pll'c? h.
Plock, plotsk.
Plymouth, plim'uth.
Po-co-hon'tas.
Podlachia, pod-la'ke-a.
Po-do'll-a.
Poictiers'. See Poitiers.
Poictiou. See Poitou.
Point Conpee, -koo-pee'.
Poitiers or Poictiers, poi-teerz'
(Fr. pron. pwa x te-a', almost
pwrte-a').
Poitou or Poictou, po^too' (Fr.
pron. pwaUoo' or pwftoo').
Poland (caUed by the Poles, Pol-
ska, pole'ska).
Polock, po-lotsk'j written, also,
Polotzk.
Poltava, pol-ti'va; also written
Pultowa.
Polynesia, polHn-ee'she-a.
Pom-e-ra'nI-a (Ger. Pom'mern).
Pompeii, pom-pa'ye.
Pondicherry, pon x de-sher're (Fr.
Pondichery, p6N GV de v sha v Re').
Ponta-Delgada, pon'ti del-ga'du.
Pontch v ar-train'.
Pontefract, pom'fret.
PonMiO-toc'.
Pontremoli, pon-trem'o-le.
Popayan, po-pl-an' or po-pa-yan\
Po-per-ing'en (Fr. Popering-ue,
ppp'er-aN''g', the g to be dis-
tinctly sounded).
Po-po-cat x a-petl'.
Port-au-Prince, port o prlnss (Fr.
pron. poRt o praKss).
Port Mahon, ma-hon'.
Por'to Bel'lo (Sp. Puerto Bello,
p^R'to b^l'yo).
Por'to Ca-bel'lo (Sp. Puerto Ca-
bello, pwlR'to ka-vel'yo).
Porto Praya, por'to prl'a.
Por'to Prin'cl-pe. See Puerto
Principe.
Porto Eico, por'to ree'ko (Sp.
Puerto Eico, pw^R'to ree'ko).
Port'u-gal (Port. pron. poR-too-
gll').
Potenza, po-ten'za.
Po-to'mac.
Potosi, po-to-see' or po-to'se.
Poughkeepsie, po-kip'se.
Poulton, pol't9n.
Pow-hat-an'.
Po-yan?'.
Pozzuoli, pot-soo-o'le.
Prague, praig (Ger. Prag, pr*Q).
Prairie du Chien, pra're dii she-
aN R '.
Prenz-low, prents'lov.
Pres'burg or Press'burg (Ger.
pron. press'booRG).
Prev'e-sg, or pra'va-sa.
Principato (Jitra, prin-che-pa'to
chee'tra.
Principato Ultra, prin-che-pa'to
ool'tra.
Prip'ets (Polish, Prypec,prip'ets;.
Privas, preVass'^.
Provence, proV6Nss'.
Prussia, proo'she-a or priish'e-a
(Ger. Preussen, prois'scn).
Pruth (Ger. pron. proot).
Prypec or Prypetz. See Pripets.
Przemysl, pzhem'is'l.
Pskof or Pskow, pskoff; written
also, Pskov.
Puebla, pwub'la. See La Puebla.
Pueblo, pwt ? b'lo, or El Pueblo de
los Angeles, <?1 pw^b'lo dA loce
ang'H<?l-<?a.
Puente Nacional, pwen'ti ni-se-o-
nal'.
Puerto Bello. Set Porto Bello.
Puerto Principe, pw^R'to prin'se-
pi or preen'the-pi, or Por'tc
Prin'cl-pe.
Puerto Eico. See Porto Eico.
Pulaski, pu-las'ke.
Puncahs, punk'az, or Ponkaa.
Puy, Le, leh pwee.
Puy de Dome, pwee d?h dom.
Pyrenees, pYr'cn-eez.
Pyrmont, pSSR'mont.
Q-
Jaherah, kah'he-ra, syn. Cairo.
}en6. See Keneh.
. )ceyr, kos-sare', syn. Cosseir
)uang-tong', syn. Canton,
^ue-bec' (Fr. Quebec, k^Vbek').
Jued'lin-burg (Ger. pron. kwed'
Quen'tin, Saint, (Fr. pron. sau<
v '
Queretaro, kar-i'ta-ro.
Quiberon, ke x bcr-ix' orke v broN G '.
Quilimane, ke-le-ma'nij written,
also, Quilimancy.
QuiUota, keel-yo'tri.
Quiloa, keelo-a.
Quimper, kAM'paiR', or Quimper
Corentin, -
uito, kee'to.
uor'ra, syn. Niger.
B.
Eaab, rb (Hun. Gyor, dyoR).
Eacine, ras-seen'.
Eagusa, ra-goo'sa, or Eaugia, ra'
oo-ja or rSw'ji.
Eajpoot, raj-poof.
Eaj
pootana, raj-poo-ta'nfi, or Ka
jasthan, ra-ja-stan'.
Raleigh, raw'le.
Eambouillet, ram v booVi' or raM*-
boorya'.
Eamillies, ram'e-leez (Fr. pron.
Ri'meePye' or R^me'ye').
Eanai, ra-nl', syn. Lanaj. See Mo-
rotai.
Eangoon, rang-goon'.
Eap v pa-han'nock.
Earitan or Eariton, rar'it-un.
Kat'is-bon (Ger. Eegensburg, RA -
ghens-bo8RG v ) .
Rav-en'na or ra-ven'na.
Eavensburg, ra-vgns-bo^Ro^.
Eavenstein, ra'ven-stlne v .
Eeading, red'ing.
Kegensburg. See Eatisbon.
Eeggio, red'jo.
Keichenberg, n'K?n-beRO\
Eeikiavik, rl'ke-a-viK.
Eeims or Eheims, reemz (Fr.
pron. Raxz).
Eenaix, r?h-n;V (Flem. Kon'sp).
[Surenne pronounces this name
reh-naix'.]
EendsTjorg or Eendsburg,
Eensselaer, ren'sel-er.
Eesaca de la Pahna, ri-sa'ki del-
4 pal'ma.
Eeus, ri'ooce.
Eeuss, ruce (Ger. pron. Boiss).
Eeutlingen, roic'ling-en.
596
REV
SAM
SAR
rite, fir, fill, fat, me, m<*t ; n6, not ; a, e, j, 9, obscure; a, e, I, 5, a, lony ; S, 2, i, 8, tt, ?w>rt; oo as in moon ;
Rev'el (Buss. Kolyvan,ko-le-van').
Rheatown, ray'town.
Rbeims. See Reims.
Rheinthal, rin'tal.
Ehine, rin (Ger. Rhein, Dutch,
Rhyn ; both pronounced as the
English Rhine).
Rhodes, rodz.
Rhodez or Rodez, ro'da'.
Rhone, ron,
Riazan, re-a-zan'.
Richelieu, ree v she-lu' or reesMe-
uh'.
Rideau, reeW.
Riesenge Birge, ree'zen-ga-beeRG -
eh.
Rieti, re-a'te.
Rl'ga or ree'ga.
Rimini, ree'me-ne.
Rio Bravo, ree'o bra'vo. See Rio
del Norte.
Rio Colorado, ree'o ko-lo-rah'do.
Rio del Norte, ri'o del nort (Sp.
pron. Ree'o d<?l noR'ta) j called
also the Ri'o Grande (Sp. pron.
Bee'o gran'da), and Rio Bravo,
ree'o bra'vo. [The pronuncia-
tion of these names should now,
perhaps, be Anglicized, because
the great majority of those who
have occasion to use them speak
the English language.]
Rio Frio, ree'o free'o.
Rio Janeiro, ri'o ja-nee'ro (Port.
Rio de Janeiro, Kee'o da zhan-
a'e-ro); often called simply
Ri'o.
Riom, re v oN G '.
Rive de Gier, reev deh zhe-a'.
Rives, reevz.
Rivoli, riv'o-le or nee'vo-le.
RoVnoke'.
Rochefort, rotch'fort or BOsh v foR'.
Rochelle or La RocheUe, la RO V -
sheU'.
Rodez, ro v da', yn. Rhodez.
Roer, rooR.
Roermonde, rooR-m&nd'eh (Fr.
Ruremonde, RUB x m6nd'),
Romagna, ro-man'ya.
Romagnese, ro-man-ya'sa.
Romania, ro-ma'ne-a or BO-ma-
nee'a.
Romans, ro x mSN G/ .
Rome (It. Roma, Bo'ma).
Ron\je-val'les (Sp. Roncesvalles,
Bon-th<?s-val'ye's ; Fr. Ronce-
vaux, RuNssVo' or roN GV ceh-v6 ; ).
Hoo-me'li-a or Rumelia.
Room-Elee, Roum-ni, or Rum-
Ili, room'e-lee x , syn. Roomelia.
Eoos-tchook' ; written also Rus-
tschuk and Routchouk.
Roscrea, ros-kra'.
Ro-set'ta (Arab. Er-Rash-eed').
Rossano, ros-sa'no.
Rothenburg, ro'ten-burg or xo'-
ten-'o55Ka v .
Rotherham, ro%h'er-um.
Rothesay, roth'sa.
Rot'ter-dam\
Roubaix, roo v ba'.
Rouen, roo'en (Fr. pron. EWOK).
Roumelia. See Roomelia.
Roum-Ili. See Room-Elee.
Roussillon, roo'seel'y&N G ' or BOO-
Be-yoN'.
Routchouk, root shook', syn.
Roostchook.
Roveredo, ro-va-ra'do (Ger. Kove-
reith, Bo'ver-It v ).
Rovigno, ro-veen'yo.
Rovigo, ro-vee'go.
Roxburgh (Scotland), rox'bur-reh.
R6w-an.
Rudolstadt, roo'dol-statt\
Rilgen, ril'ghen.
Rumelia. See Roomelia.
Rum-Ili. See Room-Elee.
Ruppin, r3op-peen'.
Ruremonde. See Roermonde.
Russia, rush'e-a or roo'she-a.
Rustchuk or Rusczuk. See Roos-
tchook.
Ryswick, riz'wik (Dutch pron.
rlce'wik.)
S.
Saale, s.Vleh.
Saar, saE or sfiR (Fr. Sarre, saER).
Saarbriick, s^R'bruk, or Saar-
brilck'eu.
Saardam, saR'dam y , syn. Zaardam.
Saarlouis, saR-loo'is.
Sabine, sab-een'.
Sachsen, sfik'sen. See Saxony.
Sachsen-Altenburg. See Saxe-Al-
tenburg.
Sachsenbausen, sak'sen-how^zen.
Sachseuheiin, sak'sen-hlme\
Sack v a-too'; written aJso, Sacka-
tou and Sakatu.
Saco, saw'ko.
Sag-hal'i-en or Sakhalien.
Sahara, sah'ha-ra or sa-ha'raj
written also, Zahara.
Sa'ida, sl'da, or Si'dou.
Saigon, si v gon', or Sa'igong, sr-
gong' : called, also, Look v noo x ee.
Saint Denis. See Denis, Saint.
Saint Germain. See Germain,
Saint, and so for all the other
names having the prefix of SAINT.
Saintes, saNt.
Saintonge, saN GV tyNzh.
Sakhalien. See Saghalien.
Saladillo, sIL-la-Deel'yo.
Salado, sa-la'DO.
Sal-a-manc'a or sa-la-mang'ka.
Sa-ler'no (It. pron. sa-llR'no).
Salford, sawl'furd or saw'furd.
Salina (in the U. S.), sa-li'na.
Salina (in Spanish America), sa-
lee'na.
Saline, sal-een'.
Salisbury, salz'ber-e, or New Sa-
rum.
Salm, ealm.
Solona, sa-lo'na.
Salonica, sal-o-nee'ka, or Selaniki,
sel-a-nee'ke.
Salta, sSl'ta.
Saltcoats, sawlfkots.
Saltillo, sal-teel'yo (vulgar pron.
sal-tee'yo).
Saluzzo, sa-ioot'so.
Salvador, sal-va-doR'.
Salvador, Saint (Brazil). 5eeBahia.
Salvador, Saint (Central America).
See San Salvador.
Sal v win' or SaTwen' ; called, also,
Than-Lyeng or Than-Lweng.
Saltz'burg or Salzburg (Ger. pron.
salts'boSEG).
Salzwedel, salts'wa'del.
Samoa, sa-mo'a.
Sam'ar-cand'.
Samisat, sa-me-sat'.
Samogitia, sam-o-jish'e-.
Sa'mos (called Soosam, aoo-sam',
by the Turks).
Samothraki, sa'mo-thra v ke, or
Sam v o-thrace'.
Samsoon, Samsun, or Samsoun,
Sam-soon'.
Sam Tiago, sSwK G te-a'go, or San
Thiago, san te-a'go; written
also, St. Jago.
Sam v oy-ede', Sam N oy-ed'.
Sanaa or Sana, s;Vna'.
San An-to'nl-o.
San An-to'ni-o de Bexar, -di ba-
har'. See Bexar.
San Augustine, -aw x gus-teen r .
San Bartolom^, san bar-to-lo-nia'.
San Bias, sun bliss.
San Buenaventura, san bwa x n.%
v^n-too'ra.
San Diego, san de-a'go.
San Felipe, san fa-lee'p.\ (fa-
miliarly called San 1'hil'ip).
San Fernando, san fer-uan'do.
San Fran-cis'co or sin frin-sees'-
ko.
San Joaquin, san no-a-keen'.
San Ju'an (Sp. pron. san noo-an'
or kwiin).
San Juan de la Frontera, -da la
fron-ta'ra.
San Juan de Ulua or Uloa, s*n
ju'an (or san hwan) da oo-loo'u
or oo-lo'a.
San Jos<$ del Parral, san uo-sa'
delpaB-Bar; also called, simply,
Parral.
San Luis (Texas), san loo'is.
San Luisde Potosi, san loo'is (Sp.
pron. loo-eece',) da po-to-see'."
San Marino, san ma-ree'no.
San Patricio, -pat-ris'se-o.
San or Sana Salvador (Brazil). See
Bahia.
San Salvador, san sal-vil-doB'.
San-do-mier' or Sandomir.
San-dus'ky.
Sangamon, sang'ga-mon.
Santa Barbara, san'ta baR'ba-ra.
Santa Cruz, san'ta 'krooce (Sp.
gron. san'ta krooth), or St.
roix, sent kroi.
San'ta Fe (Sp. pron. san'ta fa).
Santa Fe de Bogota, -da bo-go-tu'.
Santa Maria, san'tfi ma-ree'a.
Santa Marta, san'ta maR'ta.
San'ta Mau'rai or san'ta rnSw'ra.
Santa Rosalia, san'ta BO-sa-lee'a.
Santarem, san-ta'rlN G ' (almost
san-ta-reng').
San v tee'.
San Thiago. See Sain Tiago.
Santiago de Compostela, san-te-i'-
go da com-pos-ta'la, syn. Coni-
postela.
Santiago de Cuba, sSm-te-a'go de
ku'ba or -di koo'ba.
Santillana, san-teel-ya'na.
Santorini, san-to-ree'ne, or Santo-
rin, san-to-reen'.
Santos, san'toce.
Saone, son.
Sap'tin (River), syn. Lewis River.
Saptiu (Indians), syn. Nez-Percea.
Sarabat, sa-ra-bat', syn. Hermus.
Sar-a-gos'sgi (Sp- Zaragoza, thd-rA.
go'tha).
Sar x a-to'ga.
Saratof or Saratow, sar-a-tof.
Sar-a-wan.
SAB
SHI
SOO
597
56 as in good ; 5w as in now ; s like z; gh like g hard ; th as in this.
Bar-dint-a (It. Sardegna, san-d<?n'-
yj, or sar-dain'ya) .
Saree or Sari, sa v ree'.
Saros (Hungary), sharosh; also
written Sarosch.
Saros (Greece), sa'ros.
Sarre, saRR, syn. Saar.
Sarthe, sast.
Sa'rum.
Sas-katch'a-wan\
Sassari, sis'sa-re.
Satalieh, sa-ta-lee'a. syn. Adalia.
Sauk (Indians). See Sacs.
Sault de Sainte Marie (Fr. pron.
so deh. saHt mah-e'), but now
usually called Soo St. Mary.
Sa-van'nah.
Save (Ger. Sau, s3w . Hun. Szava,
sa-voh).
Savigliano, sa-veel-ya'no.
Savignano, sa-veen-ya'no.
Savigny, sa v veen v ye'.
Sav'oy or sav-oi' (It. Savoia, sa-
vo'-yi ; Fr. Savoie, siVwi')
Saxe Alteuburg, sax al'ten-burg
'(Ger. Sachsen-Altenburg, suk'-
sen. ul'ten-b5oRG x ).
Saxe Co'burg (Ger. Sachsen Co-
burg, sak'sen ko'btfoRG).
Saxe Lauenburg, sax low'en-burg
or l<3w'en-booRa\
Saxe Meiningen, sax ml'ning-en.
Saxe Weimar, sax wi'mar (Ger.
Sachsen - Weimar, sak'sen wl'-
mar).
Sax'ouy (Ger. Sachsen, sak'sen).
Scan x der-oon' or Is-ken v der-oon',
syn. Alexandretta.
Scan-di-na'vl-a.
Scania. See Skane.
Scarborough, skar'b'ruh or skar'-
bur-ruh.
Scar'pan-to.
Scarperia, skaR-pa-ree'a.
Schaffhausen, shaff-hSw'zen.
Schat-el-Arab. See Shatt-el-
Arab.
Schaumburg Lippe, showm'bSSRa
lip'peh, syn. Lippe Schauen-
burg.
Scheldt, skelt (Dutch, Schelde,
sKel'deh; Fr. Escaut, es^ko').
Schelestadt, she 2 res v tad' (Ger.
pron. shel'es-tatt v ).
Schemnitz, shem'nits (Hun. Sel-
mecz Banya, sh^l-mlts ban-
ySh).
Schenectady, sken-ek'ta-de.
Schiedam, sicee'dim'.
Schiraz, she'r^z', syn. Sheeraz.
Schirvan or Schirwau. See Shir-
van.
Schleswig. See Sleswick.
Schoa. See Shoa^
Schoharie, sko-har're.
Schonbrunn or Schoenhrann,
shen'broon or shon'broonn.
Schoodic, skoo'dik.
Schooley's (skoo'leez) Moun'-
tain.
Schouwen. ?1cow'v?n or sK5w'wen.
Schroon, skroon.
Schumla. Sec Shoomla.
Schuyler, ski lor.
Schuylkill, skool'kil.
Schwabach, shwa'buK.
Schwarzburg, shwarts'burg, or
ghwaRts'b55RO.
Schwarzwald, shwarts'walt.
Schweidnitx, shwit'nits.
Schweinfurt, shwln'fotat.
orin, sliwi-reen'.
Scigliano, sheel-ya'no.
Scinde. See Sinde.
Scio, shee'o or si'o.
Scioto, sl-o'to.
Sclav-o'nT-a, syn. Slavonia.
Scotland.
Scriv'en.
Scutari, skoo'tt'-re (near Constan-
tinople) , called Is-koo-dar' by
the Turks.
Scutari (in Albania) ; called, by
the Turks, Is-kan-d$r-ee'y?h.
Seara, ee-a'ra, syn. Ciara.
Sebastian, Saint, s?nt se-bast'yun
(Sp. San Sebastian, san se-bas-
te-an').
Sebastopol. See Sevastopol
Secchia, sek'ke-a.
Seevas or Siyas, seeVas'.
Seewah or Siwah. see'wa.
Segorbe, sa-gOR'ba.
Se-go'vl-a (Sp. pron. sa-go've-a).
Seine, san.
Sem'in-oles.
Sempach, sem'paK.
Senegal, sen v e-gawl'.
Sen-e-gam'bl-a.
Sennaar, sen^nar'.
Serajevo, sa-ra-ya'vo, syn. Bosna-
Serai.
Ser^am-pore' or Ser v am-poor'.
Ser-ang , syn. Ceram.
Serchio, s^R'ke-o.
Seringapatam, ser-ing v ga-pa-tam'.
Seringham, ser-ing'gum.
Servan, Saint, ata* s^RVaNG'.
Ser'vl-a,
Setledge or Setlej. See Sut-
ledge.
Settia, slt-tee'a.
Setubal, sa-too'bal, or Satuval, sa-
too'val, or St. Ubes, -ubz.
Sev^as-to'pol, less correctly, Sebas-
topol. [It should be ob-
served that B in Russian corre-
sponds to our v, being NEVER in
any case, pronounced like the
English b ; therefore Sebastopol
is an incorrect spelling. With
regard to the pronunciation of
this name, it may be stated that
not only the inhabitants of the
town itself, but also educated
Russians everywhere, INVARI-
ABLY pronounce it with the
accent as above given.]
Sev'arn.
Sevier, sav-eer'
Seville, bev'il or se-vilT (Sp. Se-
villa, sa-veel'yu).
Sevre, sev'r or saiv'r.
Seychelles, sa'shell'.
Shahabad, shah'ha-bad'.
Shang-Ha'i or Chang-ha'i, shang x -
hl' (improperly written Shang-
Hae).
Shan'non.
Shatt-el-Arab, Schat-ul-Arab, or
Chat-el-Arab, shut el a'rab.
Shawangunk, shong'gum.
Shaw'nee-town.
She-boy'gan ; formerly written
Cheboygan.
Sheeraz or Shiraz, sheVaz, or
shee'raz.
Sheer-ness'.
Shen v an-do'$h.
Shet'land.
3hi v a-was'see.
Shiraz. Sea Sheeraz.
Shirvan, Shirwan, or Chirvan,
shjrVan' or sheer'van'.
Shoa, Schoa, or Xoa, sho'a; writ-
ten also Sliwa.
Shoomla, Schumla, or Choumla,
shom'la; sometimes written
Shoomna.
Shoos'ter or Shu'ster ; written also
Schuster and Chouster.
Shrewsbury, shroze'b?r-e or
shruze'ber-e.
Shrop'shire, or county of Sa'lop.
Shumla. See Shoomla.
Shuster. See Shooster.
Siam, si-am' or se v am'.
Siara or Seara, se-a'ra, syn. Ciara.
Si-be 'ri-a.
Sicily, siss'il-e.
Sl-en'na (It. Siena, se-en'a).
Sierra, se-er'rd.
Sierra Gorda, se-er'rfi gor'd'u
SI-er'r$ Le-o'ne.
Sierra Madre, se-er'r'imuD'ra.
Sierra Morena, se-er'rA mo-ra ni.
Sierra Nevada, se-er'ra na-va'Da.
Sig-mar-ing'en.
Sikokf, see'kokf, or Sikoke, see'-
kok', syn. Sitkokf.
Silesia, sl-lee'she-a (Ger. Schlesien,
shla'ze-en).
Sil-is'tri-a.
Simbirsk or Sim-beersk'.
Simnienthal, sim'mon-t.\l'.
Sim-pher-o'pol or Simferopol.
Sim'plon (Fr. pron. saM v pliN G ').
Sinde or Scinde, slnd.
Sindhia or Sindia, sin'de-a.
Singapore, sing v ga-por', or Singa-
poor: formerly written Sinca-
pore.
Sinigaglia, sin-e-gul'ya.
Sinoob, Sinoub, or Sinub, se v noob'.
Sioot, Siout, or Siut, se v oot'; writ-
ten also Es-Sioot.
Sioux, usually pronounced soo
(Fr. pron. se-oo') ; called also
Dacotah, dah-ko'ta.
Sirjan, sfier-jan'.
Sis-to'va ; called also Shtib.
Sit x kokT or Sikokf, see v kokf.
Sivas. See Seevas.
Siwah. See Seewah.
Skag'ger Rack.
Skane, sko'na ; often written Scho-
nen (Dutch pron. SKO neu ; Ger.
sho'nen) and Scau'I-a.
Skaneateles, skau-e-atless, or
Skeneateles.
Skib v ber-een'.
Skye, ski.
Slav-o'nI-ai or Sclav-o'nt-a.
Sles'wick (Dan. Sles'vi'g; Ger.
Schleswig, shles'wio).
Smo-lensk' or Smo-lens'ko.
Smyrna, smir'naj called Iz-meer'
by the Turks.
Snow'den.
Sofala, so-fa'la.
Soissons, swas v suN' (almost swF-
Soleure, SO V !UR' (Ger. Solothurn,
so'lo-tooRn v ) .
Solfatara, sol-f:i-tiV'ra.
3omme, somm.
Sondershausen, son'derz-how^zeu.
Soodan, Soudan, or Sudan, soo x -
drm'.
Soo'loo'.
Sooltaneeyeh or Sultanieh, sool-
ta-nee'?.
Soorabaya or Surabaya, soo-ra-
bl'a.
Soormool, Sourmoul, or Surrnul,
598
SOO
TCH
TIG
Fate, far, fall, fat, me, mlt ; no, n5t ; 9, e, j, 9, obscure; 5, e, I, 6, u, Ion0; S, e", Y, 8, u, short; oo as in moon ;
Sootcheoo or Soutcheou, soo-
che-oo'.
Sophia, so-fee'a, or Triaditza, tre-
a-dit'sa.
Soprony, sho x pron', syn. (Eden-
burg.
Sorata, so-ra'ta.
Soudan. See Soodan.
Soarabaya. See Soorabaya.
Sourmoul. See Soormool.
Sousam or Soosarn. See Samos.
Southampton, suth-hamp'tun.
Soutcheou. See Sootcheoo.
Southwark (London), suth'erk.
South wark (Philadelphia), sQwth'-
wiirk.
Spa, spaw (Fr. and Flem. pron.
spa) .
Spain (Sp. Espana, es-pan'yc').
Spalatro, spa-la'tro.
Spandau, span'dSw.
Spey, spa.
Speyer, pronounced, and often
written, Spire.
Spire. See Speyer.
Spitz-ber'gen.
Spoleto, spo-la'to.
Spor'a-dea.
St. See Saint.
Stabroek, sta'brook, syn. George-
town.
Stargard, staR'gart.
Staubach, stow'buK.
Staunton (Va.), stan'tun.
Staunton (England), stan'tun or
stan'tun.
Stavauger, stav-ang'gher.
Steinach, sti'naK.
Steinau, stl'ndw.
Stettin, stet-teen'.
Stettiner Haff, stet-teen'er haff.
Steuben, stu'ben or stu-ben'.
[This name appears now to be
universally accented on the last
syllable in Western New York,
and is often thus pronounced in
other parts of the United States
but the original German name,
Baron Steuben, should undoubt-
edly have the accent on the pe-
nultimate.]
Steubenville, stu'ben-vil.
Steyer, stir.
Steyning, sta'ning.
Stigliano, steel-ya/no.
Stock'holm.
Stod'dard.
Stone-ha'ven, Zccc.1 pron. c '. i
Sto'ning-ton.
Stour'bridge, stur'brij.
Stralsund, stral'soond.
Strasbourg, straz'burg (Fr. pron.
straz-booR/ ; Ger. Strassburg
Btrass'booRG).
Stromboli, strom'bo-le.
Stuhlweisso-iburg, stool-wi'cen-
bo'o'Eg^ ov -burg.
Stutt'gart or Stutgard (Ger. pron.
stoSt'gant).
Sunbia or SwaWa, swa'l
Sudan. See Soodan.
Su v der-iri ii'ii i-fi or su-der-m2.'ne-a ;
called al;,o Su'der-mann-iaud\
Suez, soo'ez (Arab. pron. soo^z'
or soo-aiz') ; written al
and Soueys.
Suffolk, suf'fok.
Suir, shure.
'. uira, swee'ra, syn. Mogadore.
Sumatra, soo-ma'trii.
S'am-bav?'wa.
Sunbury, sunT)er-a
Sun'der-land.
Surat, soo-rat'.
Surinam, soo-rin-am'.
SurmuL See Soormool.
Susam, soo v sa.m', syn. Samos.
Sus-que-han'na.
Sutledge, sut'lejj written also
Setledge and Sutlej.
Su-wa'nee.
Swa'bl-a, syn. Suabia.
Swansea, swon'se.
Swartwout, swart'wSwt.
Swe'den (Sw. Swerige, sweVe-
g^h).
Swinemxinde, swee'neh-mun'deh.
Swee'ra or Suiara. See Moga-
dore.
Switz'er-land (Ger. Schweitz,
shwits ; Fr. La Suisse, la BWISS
or sweece).
Sydney, sid'ne.
Syr'a-cuse (It. Siricasa, se-re-ka'-
sa).
Syr'I-a.
Szarvas, s5R ; v8sh\
Szegedin, s^g x ed x een'
T.
Tabareeyeh or Tabaria, tab'a-
ree'a.
Tabasco, ta-bas'ko.
Tabreez or Tabriz, tab-reez';
sometimes called Tau'ris.
Tacazze, ta-kat'sa ; sometimes
written Takatze and Takatz.
Taf-Met' or Taf-I-lelt'.
Tag^n-rog 7 or Tag-an-rok'.
Tagliamentp, tal-ya-men'to.
Taglio Novissimo, tal'yo no-vis'-
se-mo.
Ta'gus (Sp. Tajo, ta'iio ; Port.
TeJ9, tl'zho).
Tahiti, ta-hee'te; formerly writ-
ten Otaheite.
Taiwan, tl-wan', syn. Formosa.
Ta-Kiang, syn. Yang-tse-Kiang.
Talavera de la Reyna, ta-la-vi'ra
da la ra'e-na.
Talcahuana, tal-ka-wa'na.
Taliaferro, tol'e-vr.
Taria-has'see.
Tamaulipas, tam-ow-lee'pas.
Tambof, Tambov, or Tambow,
tam-bof.
Tampico, tum-pee'ko , called also
Pueblo Nuevo, pweb'lo nwa'vo.
Tannasserim. See Tenasserim.
Tangier, tan-jeer'.
Tan-jore',
Taormiua, ta-OB-mee'na,
Tapajos. ^ee Topayos.
Tap'pa-han'n^ck.
Tap v tee'.
Tarakai, tar-a-kl, or Sag-hal'I-en.
Taranto, tir'an-to.
Tarascon, taVas N koN G '.
Turazono, ta-ra-tho'na.
Tarbcs, taBb.
Tarn, taRn.
Tarragona, tar-ra-go'na.
Tar^soos'; written also Tarsons
and Tarsus.
Taunton, tiln'ton.
Tau'ri-da, syn. Krim.
Tnuris. See Tabreez,
Tchad, chad.
Tch.any, Tchani, cha'ne.
Tchernigov, Tchernigof, or Czer-
nigow, che l K-ne-gof / .
Tchernowitz, chlr'no-vits, syn.
Czernowice.
Tchoodskoe, Tchoudskoe, or
Tschudskoe, chood'sko-e, syn.
Peipus.
Teche, tesh.
Teflis. See Tiflis.
Tehran or Teheran, teh-h'ran'j
written also Tehraun.
Tehuacan, ta-wa-kan'-
Tehuantepec, ta-wan-ta-pek'.
Tejuco, ta-zhoo'ko.
Temes, tem v esli' : written also
Temesch.
Temesvar, tem-esh-vS.a' j written
also Temeschwar.
Ten-as'ser-im.
Teneriffe, ten N er-iflf ' (Sp. Tenerife,
ta-na-ree'fa).
Ten x nes-see'.
Tepic, tlp-ik' or ta-peek'.
Tepozcolula, ta-pos-ko-loola.
Termini, t^B'me-ne.
Ter'ra del Fu-e'go or Tierra del
Fuego, te-er'ra del fwa'go.
Terra di Lavoro, ter'ra de la-vo'-
ro.
Terra di Otianto, ter'ra de o-tran'-
to.
Terracina, ter-ra-chee'na.
Terre-Bonne, tarr x bonn' ; often
pronounced tar bon.
Terre-Haute, teVreh hot (Fr.
pron. terr^hot'or ter'rehhot).
Teschen, tesh'en.
Tessin, t^s v ScaN G/ . ^ceTicino.
Tetuan or Tetouan, tatWdn'.
Tevere, ta'va-ra, syn. Tiber.
Teverone, ta-va-ro'na.
Teviot, tiv'e-ot.
Tex'as.
Tezcuco, tls-koo'ko.
Thames, temz.
Theaki or Thiaki, the-a'ke, syn.
Ithaca.
Thebes, theebz ; called Thebai,
the'va, by the modern Greeks.
Theiss, tice (Hun. Tisza, tee-
soh).
Thes-sa-lo-ni'ca. See Salonica.
Thesa's-ly or Thes-sa'll-a.
Thibadeauville, tib-a-do'vill.
Thibet or Tibet, tib'et ortib-et',
written also Tibbet.
Thielt, teelt.
Thiers, te-aiB'.
Thionville, te'oNGVill' or -veel.
Tholen or Tolen, to'l?n.
Thoniar, to-maB'.
Thomaston, tpm'us-tun.
Thorn (Prussia), toRn.
Thoulouse. See Toulouse.
Three Eiv'ers ov Trois Riviere?,
trwa reVe-aiB'.
Thun, toon.
Thuner-See, toon'er sa.
Thurgau, tooR'gow (Fr. Thurgovie,
tiiR'goVe').
Thuringia, thu-rin'je-a (Ger. Thii-
ringen, tii'ring-en).
Ti'ber (It. Tevere, ta'va-r'i).
Tibet or Tibbet. See Thibet.
Ticino, te-chee'no Fr. Tessin, t<s'-
'
Tiflis, tif-leece'j written also
Tigre", tee'gri\
Ti'gris.
TIM
URA
VEH
599
55 as in good; 5w as in now; a like *; gh like y hard; th as in t7iw.
Tim-buc'tooorTom-booc'to; writ- j Treviso, trev-ee'zo or tra-vee'so.
ten also Tombuktu and Ten i Triaditza, tre-a-dit'sa.
Boctoo.
Tinapanogos, tim-pi-no'goce ( Lake
called now the Great Sal
Lake.
Tl-o'ga.
Tippecanoe, tip v e-ka-noo'.
Tipperary, tip-per-a're.
Tlr-ee' ; also written Tirree, Tiry
and Tyree.
Tirlemont, teeBFmfa* (Flem
Thienen or Tienen, tee'nen).
Tishamingo, tish v a-ming'go.
Titicaca, tit-e-ka'ka.
Titterie, tit'ter-ee\
Tivoli, tiv'o-le or tee'vo-le.
Tlalpan, tlal-pan'.
Tlamet or Tlamath, tlam'et;
called also Klam'et.
Tlascala, tlas-ka'Li.
Tlemsan, tlenVsan'.
Tobago, to-ba'go.
To-bol'.
To-bolsk'.
Tokantins, to-kan-teens'.
Tocat, to-kat'.
Toenningen. See Tonningen.
Toeplitz. See Toplitz.
To-kay' (Hun. pron. to-koi').
To-le'do (Sp. prou. to-la'Do).
Tolentino, to-l^n-tee'no.
To-lo'sa.
Toluca, to-loo'ka.
Tom-big'bee or Tom-beck'be.
Tombuctoo. See Timbuctoo.
Ton-e-wan'da, or Tonewanta.
Tongataboo or Tongatabu, tong x -
a-ta'boo.
Tonkin or Tonquin, ton-keen'.
Ton'ning-en.
Tonquin. See Tonkin.
Too'la: written, also. Toula and
Tula.
Toorkistan or Turkistan, tooR x kis-
tan'.
Toorkomans or Turkomans, toor'-
ko-lnanz\
Topayos, to-pl'yoce ; written, also
Tapajos, ta-pi'zhoce or ta-p<V-
! Tricala. tree'ka-l& : written, also,
Tirhala.
Trichinopoli or Tricliinopoly,
tritch v in-op'o-le.
Triest or Trieste, tre-est' or tre-
<?s'ta.
Trincomalee, tring v ko-ma-lee'.
Trin-I-d:ul',
Tripoli, trip'o-le; called, by the
natives, Ta-r/i/bloos.
Tripolitza or Tripolizza, tre-po-
lit'sa.
Trois Eividres, trwi reVe-aiR', syn.
Three Eivers.
Trond or Tron, Saint, saN G TruN.
Trosachs, tro'saks.
Trondjem. See Drontheim.
Troyes, trwil.
Trujillo. See Truxillo.
Truxillo or Trujillo, troo-Heel'yo.
Tu'bing-en.
Tucuman, too-koo-man'.
Tudela, too-Da'ld.
Tula, too'la, syn. Toola.
Tule, too'le, or too'la.
Tunguragua, toong-goo-ra'gwa.
Tu'nis; called by the natives
Too'nis.
Turcoing, tur y kwaN<5'.
Tur-co-nia'nX'a.
Turcomans. See Toorkomans.
Tu'rin (Fr. pron. tu'raN G 'j It. To-
rino, to-ree'no).
Turkey, tur'ke, or Ot-to-man Em-
pire.
Turkistan. See Toorkistan.
Turnhout, turn'hSwt.
Tus-ca-loo'sa.
Tus'ca-ny (It. Toscana, tos-ka'-
na).
Tuscarawas, tus-ka-raw'wess.
Tuxtla, tooxt'la.
Tuy, twee.
Tver or Twer, tveR or tvain.
Tynemouth, tm'muth.
Tyre, tir; called by the Jews,
Tsoor, and by the Arabs, Soor.
Tyree or Tyry. See Tiree.
Tyrnau, t^R'now (Hun. Nagy
Szombath, n5d-yeh (or n5dj
som-bot).
Tyr'gl (Ger. pron. te-rol').
T^r-one'.
Urolsk, oo-rilsk'.
Urbino, oor-bee'no,
Urfa. See Oorfa.
Uri; u're (Ger. pron. oo're).
Urmiah. See Ooroomeea.
Uruguay, u'roo-gwa v or oo-roo-
gwi'.
Urumiya. See Ooroomea:
Usbekistan or Oozbekistan, syn.
B 9 khara.
TJstiug. gee Oostioog.
U'ta-was, syn. Ottawa.
U'tt-c.
Utah or Youta, u'ti or u'taw;
often written Eutaw.
Utrecht, ir'trekt (Dutch pron.
il'treKt).
Utrera, oo-tra'ra.
Uttoxeter, ux'e-t$r.
Uzbeck. ^eeOozbek.
Uzbeckistan. See Bokhara.
Uzes, u^zace'.
hoce.
Toplitz, Teplitz, or Toeplitz tep'-
lits.
Tor-bay'.
Torgau, tOR'gSw.
Toruea : pronounced, and some-
times written, Tor'ne-6.
To-ron'to.
Tortuga, tor-too'ga.
Toula. See Toola.
Toulon, too'luxG'.
Toulouse or Thoulouse, to
Touraine, tooV/m'.
Tiuirnay, toon x ua' 'Flem. 1
oik).
Tours, Toon.
Towcester, tuws'tfr.
Trai'-al-gar'.
Traustevere, tran -ta'va-ra. h, Ukraina, oo-kru-.
Tran-syl-va'ni-a (Hun. Erdely Or- Uleuborg, oo'le-6-borg N .
U.
V.
Vaigatz, vi-gats'.
Valais, vala' (Ger. Wallis, wil'Us).
Val-de-Pe^las, vAl d;1 pan'yas.
Valdivia, val-dee've-a.
Valence, vi x l6Nss'.
Valencia, va-len'she-a (Sp. pron.
va-len'the-aj.
Valenciennes, va v loN GX se-enn'.
Valentia, ya-len'she-a.
Varia-do-lid' Sp. pron. val-ya-DO-
leed').
Valombrosa, val-om-bro'sa.
Valona, va-lo'na, syn. Avlona.
Valparaiso, val-pi-ri'so.
Valtellina, val-t.?l-lee'na, or Val-
tellina, val-tt ? l-leen'.
Vancouver, van-koo'ver.
Van-da'lt-a.
Van Diemen's, van dee'm?nz.
Vannes, vann.
Varinas, va-ree'nas, or Barinas,
bd-ree'nas.
Varna or Warna, vau'na.
Vasarhely, va'sbaR'lier.
Vaucluse, vo^kliize'.
Vaud, vo, or Pavs-de-Vaud, pa'e-
v
fdnt. AwSetubaJ.
., oo-ki-a'la, or Ucayali,
Udine, oj'do-nk.
%&.'.
..1st.
Ukraine, u'krane or oo-lcrauo' (Po-
szaag, iB-dail o;.-
Tras os Montes, tris is mon't^s.
TravVm-core'.
Treb'I-zond x ; called Ta-ra N be-socu'
by the Turks.
Tremiti, trem
Trent (Ger. Trieut, tre-ont').
Treves, treevz (Fr.
Ger. Trier, treer).
Tveviglio, tra-veel'yo or t
aro
I'lm (Ger. pron. oolm).
Um'nier-a-poo'ra ; written also
Amarapoura.
- -j b k a . See on alask a .
Underwalden. See Unterwalden.
Un 'strut or <
Unterwalden, oonH^r-wal'dpn, or
Un v der-wal'den.
Un'sal or Upsala, up-sili.
U } ral or Oural, oo-rll'.
Veglia, vel'ya or v
Velez-Malagn.
Velino, va-lee'no.
Velletri, vfl-la'tre
Venaissin, v?!i- ;
Venango, ve-m:
Veudde, La, l.i
Vendome, v6K'
Venezuela, ven -
v<?u-eth-v.-,'.
Venice, ven'iss (Ii
ed'ze-il).
Venloo, v^n-lo'.
Ventimi
Vent i
Vera Cruz, v.'i i
Vercelli,
Verde, vord.
Verdun, V^i:'
Vermellio, \ :
Vermejo, vaR-u
V?r-mont'.
Verona, va-ro'na.
Versailles, voi--
vi?B x saI or
Verviers,
600
VES
WTJR
YEN
Fite, far, fill, fit, mfe, mSt ; no, not ; *, e, j, o, obscure; a, e, I, o, u, long; 8, g, 1, 5, u, 7iort; oo as in moon;
Wardein, waR'dme\ or Waradein,
Vesoul, v<?h-zool'.
Ve-su'vi-ua (It. Vesuvio, va-soo -
ve-o).
Ve-vay'
Viana, ve-a'na.
Viatka, ve-at ka.
Viborg, vee'borg; also written
Wiborg.
Vicenza, ve-sen'za, or ve-chen za.
Vich, vik or veekj written also
Vique.
Vidin. SeeWidin.
Vienna, ve-en'n:\ (Ger. Wien,
ween, almost veen).
Vienna (in the U. S.), vi-en'na.
Vienne, ve-enn'.
Vigevano, ve-jev'u-no.
Villa (in Sp., veel'yu, or, in Port.,
vil'laorveel'la).
Villa Bo'a.
Villa'ch, vil'laK\
Villa del Fuerte, veel'ya dll fweV-
Villafranca. See Villefranche.
Villa Real, veel'ya ra-al'.
Villa Eica (Sp. America), veel'yfi
ree'ka
Villa Eica (Brazil), villa or veel'lu
ree'ka.
Villefranche, veePfroNsh' (It.Villa-
franca, vil-la-fran'ka).
Vincennes, vin-senz' (Fr. pron.
vaN GV senn').
Vin'cent, St.
Vique. See Vich.
Virginia, ver\jin'e-a.
Visiapour. See Bejapoor,
Vis'tu-la (Ger. Weichsel, wik'-
sel).
Vitebsk, ve-tebsk', or Vitepslc,
syn. Witebsk.
Viterbo, ve-t<?R'bo.
Vitoria or Vittoria, ve-to're-a.
Viviers, veVe-a'.
Vizagapatam, ve-z;Vga-pa-tam'.
Vlad-r-meer' ; written also Vlad-
imir or Wladmir.
Vol'ga or Wolga.
Vol-hynt-a (Polish, Wolynsk, vo-
leensk').'
Vorarlberg, for-aul'b&R<j.
Vo-ro-nezh'; written also Voro-
nej (or voroneje), Voronetz,
Woronetz, and Woronesch.
Vosges, vozh.
W.
Waadt. See Vaud.
Waal or Wahal, wyl.
Wabash, waw'bash.
Walahmutte, wa-lah'mut, syn.
Willamette.
Walcheren, wal'Kr-en.
Waldeck, wol'dek or
Wal-den'ses.
Waldstadter Soc, wfilt'stet-ter za.
See Lucerne, Lake of.
Wales, Wailz.
WaUachia, wol-la'ke-a (Turk. If-
lak').
Wsillis. See Valais.
Waltham (England). wSl'tum.
Waltham (Mass.), wSl'thum.
Wandsworth, wOnz'wurth.
wa'rii-dlne\
Warasdin, wa'ras-deen\
Warna. See Varna.
War'saw (Polish, Warszawa, vaE-
sha'va or waK'-sha'vii).
Warwick (England), wor'rik.
Warwick (U. S.), wor'wik or wor'-
rik.
Washington, wosh'ing-tun.
Washita or Ouachita, wosh'etaw\
Wa-tgr-loo' (Dutch pron. wa x t?r-
16'),
Watervliet, wa-ter-vleet'.
Weichsel: See Vistula.
Weichselburg, wik'sel-bo3RG x or
w!k'sel-burg.
Weimar, wi'mar.
Weinheim, winTiime.
Weissenburg, wI'sen'booRG N or
-burg.
Wen'er or Wenner.
Wernigerode, w^R v ne-ga-ro'd?h.
Wertheim, w^Rt'hime.
Wesel, wa'zel.
We'sr (Ger. pron.
West Indies, -in'deez.
Westmeath, westfmeeth'.
West' more-land (Westmoreland,
in Pa., usually has the accent
on the penultimate).
West-pha'W-a (Ger. Westphalen.
west-fu'len).
Wexio, wek'she-o.
Wiborg. See Viborg.
Wid'in or Vidin.
weet
Wy (Wales), wl.
Wye (Netherlands) . See Y.
Wy-o'ming. Campbell, in his
beautiful poem, Gertrude of Wyo-
ming, pronounces it Wy'p-ming;
but the former is the native pro-
nunciation.
"Delightful Wyoming! beneath tliy skies.
The happy shepherd swains had nought
to do
Hut feed their flocks on green declivities,
Or skim perchance thy lake with light
canoe."
Wythe, with (th as in t7vin).
X.
Xagua, Ha'gwa.
Xalapa or Jalapa, Ha-la'pa.
Xalisco or Jalisco, Ha-lees'ko or
Ha-lis'ko.
Xauxa or Jauja, How'Ha.
Xenia, zee'ne-a.
Xenil, ni-neel', syn. Genii.
Xeres (Sp. pron. Ha-res' ; Port.
pron. sha-ras' or sher-es').
Xeres (or Jeres) de la Froutera,
Ha-rls'da la fron-ta'ra.
Xicoco, ze-ko'ko, syn. Sikokf.
Ximo, zee'mo.
Xingu or Chingu, shin-goo'.
Xixon or Gijon, ne-Hon'.
noi weet, syn. Neu-Wied.
sho'a,
. Shoa.
itch'ka.
Wieii, ween, syn. Vienna.
Wiesbaden, wees-ba'dgn, syn.
Wisbaden.
Wildenstein, wil'den-stine.
Wilkesbarre, wilks'bar-re.
Willamette, wil-lah'met; written,
also, Wal;ihmutte.
Wil'na or Vilna.
Windau, win'dow.
Win-ne-ba'go.
Win'nI-peg.
Winnlpiseogee ; pronounced win x -
ne-pis-sok'ke.
Wirtemberg-. <S"ee Wiirtemberg.
Wisbaden. wis-ba'den, or Wiesba-
den, wees-ba'den.
Wis-con'sin or Wiskonsin: for-
merly written Ouisconsin.
Wismar, wis'mar.
Wissembourg, vis x SaM v boOR'.
Wit-epsk' or Vit-ebsk'.
Witgenstein, wit'ghen-stlne\
Wit'ten-berg (Ger. pron. wit't^n-
meel'ko.
Xorullo, HO-rool'yo, syn. Jorullo.
Wiveliscombe, wils'kum.
Wolfenbiittel, wpl-'fon-biit'tel, al-
most wol'fen-bit'tQl.
Wolga. See Volga.
Wolverhampton, w5ul-ver-hamp'-
tun.
Woolwich, w551'itch or wSol'idge.
Worcester, w65s'tcr.
Wotton-under-Edge, woo'tdn-
und'ridge.
Worms, wurmz (Ger. pron.
wonms).
Wurtemberg, wi.r'tem-bSrg (Ger.
pron. wuR't?m-b^uG v ) ; written,
also, Wirtemberg.
Wilrtzburg, wirts'burg (Ger. pron.
WUBts'b55BG N ).
Y.
Y, I, sometimes improperly pro-
nounced and written, in English,
Wve.
Yad'kin.
Yalk or Jaik, ya'ik.
Yakootsk, yil-kootsk' ; written,
also, Yakoutsk, Yakutsk and
Jakutsk.
Yal-a-bu'sha.
Yan'cy.
Yang-tcheoo or -tcheou, yang'
che-oo'.
Yang-tse-kian?, yang tse ke-ang'
called, also, Ta-Kiang, ta ke-ang'
and Kiang-Ku, ke ang'kew.
Yanina or Janina, ya'ne-na.
Yar v kund'; also written Yarkano.
Yarmouth, yur'muth.
Yaroslav or Jaroslaw, y,T-ro-slav';
written, also, Yaroslaf, Yaro-
slavl, and Jaroslavl.
Ya-zoo'.
Yeddo or Jeddo, yed'do.
Yekatarinoslav, ya-ka-ta-ree-no-
slav', or Yekatarinoslaf, syn.
Ekatarinoslaf.
Yelatma, ya-lat'mi, syn. Elatma.
Yelizavetgrad, ya-le-sA-vet-grad',
syn. Elizabetgrad.
Yem'en.
Yenikale or Jenicale, yen v e-ka'la.
Yenisei, yen-e-slt'e or yen-e-say',
or Enisei, en-e-sa'e.
VES
ZEI
ZYT
601
85 as in good ; Ow as in now ; like z ; gh like g hard ; th as in this.
, yo'vil.
Yerba Buena, ylr'ba bwcVnL
Yessoor Jesso, yes'so; also writ-
ten leso.
Yezd, yz<L
Yonne. yonn.
York'sbire.
Youghal, yawl.
Youghiogheny, yoh v ho-ga'ne.
Youta, u'ta, syn. Utah,
Ypres, ee'p'r (Flern. Ypren,!'p?rn).
Yssel, I'sel.
Yu-ce-tan' or yoo v ka-ban'.
Yupura,yoo-poo'ra, syn. Japura.
Yverdun, eV?R x
Yvetot, eevMio'.
Z.
anndaro, zun'dim' : written, also,
Soardam.
Zacatecas, zak-a-ti'kas or sa-ki-
ta'kus.
Zacynthus, zaa-syn'thus, syn.
Zante.
Zahara. See Sahara.
Zaire or Zahir, za-eer', syn.
Congo.
Zam-be'-ze or Zambizi.
Zam-o'ra or tha-rao'riu
Zanesvill?, zainz'vil.
Zanguibar, zang v ghe-bar'.
Zan'te or Zacynthus.
Zan x z*-bar_'.
Zara, ZiVra,
Zaragoza. See Saragossa.
Zealand, zee'land (Dan. Sjseland,
sel'land).
Zealand, (Dutch, Zeeland, za'-
laiid).
Zebii or Cebu, se-boo' (Sp. pron.
tha-boo')-
Zegedin. See Szegedin.
Zeila, za'H.
Zeitoun, za'toon'.
Zeitz, tslts.
Zelle, tsel'leh, syn. Celle.
Zerbst, tsfepst.
Zhit-o-meer' ; written also Jito
mir and Schitorair.
Zirknitz, ts(5CRk-nit3, yn. Czirk
nicz.
Zittau, tsit'tow.
Zoll-Verein, tsoll'fer-Ine\
Zug, zoog or tsooo.
Zullichau, tsiil'le-k5w\
Zulpich, tsool'piK.
Zurich, zu'rik (Ger. pron. tsu'-
riK).
Zut'phan.
Zuyder or Zuider Zee, z!'d?r zee
(Dutch pron. zoi'der za).
Zvor'nik (Turk. IzVor v neek').
Zweibrucken or ZsveybrQ^kp',:
tswi-bruk'ljun, syn. Deu>
Ponts.
Zwickau, tswik'kow.
Zw5ll.
Zytomir. See ZhitomoeB,
PROVERBS AND PHRASES
FKOM THE LATIN,
FREQUENTLY OCCURRING IN ENGLISH BOOKS AND IN CONVERSATION,
RENDERED INTO ENGLISH.
Ab extra, From without.
Ab hoc et ab hac, From this and
that ; confusedly.
Ab inconvenient!, From the incon-
venience.
Ab initio, From the beginning.
Ab origine, From the origin.
Ab ovo usque ad mala, From the
egg to the apples ; from begin-
ning to end.
Absit invidia, All envy apart.
Abundat dulcibus vitiis, He
abounds with pleasant faults.
Ab uno disce omnes, From a
single instance you may infer
the whole.
Ab urbe condita, From the found-
ing of the city.
A capite ad calcem, From head to
foot.
Ac etiam, And also.
Acribus initiis, incurioso fine,
Alert in the beginning, negli-
gent in the end.
Actum est de republica, It is all
over with the commonwealth.
Ad arbitrium, At pleasure.
Ad captaudum, To attract or
please.
Ad captandum vulgujj, To catch
the rabble.
Ad calendas Grsecas, At the
Greek Calends, i. ., never, as
the Greeks had no Calends.
A deo et rege, From God and the
king.
Ad eundem (sc. gradum), To the
same in degree.
Ad finem, To the end.
Ad hominem, To ths interests or
passions of the man.
Adhuc sub judice lis est, The
affair is not yet decided.
Ad infinitum, To infinity.
Ad inquirendum, For inquiry ; ("a
judicial writ.)
Ad interim, In the mean while.
Ad libitum, At pleasure.
Ad nauseam, To disgust.
Ad referendum, To be further
considered.
Ad valorem, According to the
value.
.Sgrescit medendo, The remedy
is worse than the disease.
JEquarn servare mentem, To pre-
serve an equal mind.
JEquanimiter, With equanim-
ity.
^Equo animo, With an equal
mind.
Affinnatim, In the affirmative.
A fortiori, With stronger reason.
Agenda, Things to be done.
Alere flammam, To feed the
flame.
Alias, Otherwise.
Alibi, Elsewhere.
Aliquando bonus dormitat Home-
rus, Even the good Homer
sometimes nods.
Alitur vitium, vivitque tegendo,
Vice thrives and lives by con-
cealment.
Alma mater, A benign mother,
generally applied to the Uni-
versity.
Alter ego, Another self.
Alter idem, Another same.
Alunini, Those who have re-
ceived their education at a
college.
A maximis ad minima, From the
greatest to the least.
A mensa et toro, From bed and
board.
Amicus curise, A friend of the
court.
Amicus humani generis, A friend
of the human race.
Amor patria3, Love of country.
Anglice, In English, or according
to the English manner.
Anguis in herba, A snake in the
grass.
Animo et fide, By courage and
faith.
Animus furandi, With felonious
intent.
Anno domini (A.D.), In the year
of our Lord.
Anno mundi (A.M.), In the year
of the world.
Anno urbis conditse, In the year
the city (Home) was built.
Annus mirabilis, The wonderful
year.
Ante bellum, Before the war.
Ante lucem, Before the light.
Ante meridiem, Before noon.
A posteriori, From the effect to
the cause.
A priori, From the cause to the
effect.
Aptat se pugnse, He prepares for
the contest.
Aquavitse, Brandy; spirit: alcohol.
Arbiter elegantium, Master ol
ceremonies.
Arcana imperii, The mysteries of
government ; state secrets.
Arcanum ; pi. Arcana, A secret or
secrets.
Ardentia verba, Expressions of
great force.
Argumentum ad crumenam, An
argument to the purse; an ap-
peal to interest.
Argumentum ad hominem, An
argument deriving its force
from the situation of the per-
son to whom it is addressed.
Argumentum ad ignorantiam, Ar-
gument founded on an adver-
sary's ignorance of facts.
Argumentum ad judicium, Argu-
ment to the judgment.
Argumentum baculinum, Club
law ; conviction by force.
Ars est celare artern, The art is to
conceal art.
Artes honorabit, He will hono\n
the arts.
At spes non fracta, But hope is
not broken.
Audaces fortuna juvat, Fortune
favours the brave.
Audi alteram partem, Hear the
other side.
Aura popularis, The gale of popu-
lar favour.
Auri sacra fames, The accursed
thirst for gold.
Aut amat, aut odit mulier, A
woman either loves or hates.
Aut Caesar aut nullus, Csesar or
nothing.
Aut vincere aut mori, Victory or
death.
Auxilium ab alto, Help is from on
high.
A vinculo matriinonii, From the
tie of marriage.
Bella! horrida bella ! Wars! hor-
rid wars !
Bellum internecinum, A war of
extermination.
Bellum lethale, A deadly war.
Benigno numine, By the favour of
Providence.
PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE LATIN.
60?
Bis dat qui cito dat, He gives
twice who gives promptly.
Bis peccare in bello non licet, To
blunder twice is not allowed in
war.
Bona fide, In good faith; in re
ality.
Bonis nocit, quisquis pepercerit
malis, He hurts the good who
spares the bad.
Bonus, A consideration for some-
thing received.
Brutum fulmen, A loud but harm-
less menace.
Cacoethes loquendi, A rage for
speaking.
Cacoethes scribendi, an itch for
scribbling.
Caeca est invidia, Envy is blind.
Caetera desunt, The remainder is
wanting.
Caateris paribus, Other things
being equal
Candida pax, White-robed peace.
Candide et constanter, Candidly
and constantly.
Caput mortuum, The worthless
remains.
Caret initio et fine, It wants both
beginning and end.
Carpe diem, Enjoy the present
day.
Casus foederis, The end of the
league.
Casus belli, An occasion for war.
Caveat actor, Let the doer beware.
Caveat emptor, Let the buyer be-
ware.
Cavendo tutus, Safe through cau-
tion.
Cedant arma togse, Let arms yield
to the gown ; i. e., let military
authority yield to the civil
power.
Cede deo, Submit to Providence.
Certiorari, To be made more cer-
tain.
Cito maturum, cito putridum,
Soon ripe, soon rotten.
Clarior e tenebria, More bright
from obscurity.
Colubrem in sinu fovere, To
cherish a serpent in one's
bosom.
Comitas inter gentes, Politeness
between nations.
Commune bonum, A common
good.
Communi consensu, By common
consent.
Communibus annis, On the an-
nual average.
Componere lites, To settle dis-
putes.
Compos mentis, Of a sound mind.
Concio ad clerum, A discourse to
the clergy.
Concordise discors, Discordant
harmony.
Consilio et animis, By wisdom
and courage.
Consensus facit legem, Consent
makes the law.
Constantia et virtute, By con-
stancy and virtue.
Contra bonos mores, Against good
manners.
Coram nobis, Before us.
Coram non judice, Not before the
proper judge.
Corpus delicti, The whole nature
of the offence.
Corpus juris canonici, The body
of the canon law.
Corpus juris civilis, The body of
civil law.
Corpus sine pectore, A body with-
out a soul.
Cor unum, via una, One heart,
one way.
Corrigenda, Things to be cor
rected.
Credat Judaeus Apella ! Let the
circumcised Jew believe it !
Credo quia impossible est, I be-
lieve because it is impossible.
Crescit eundo, It increases as it
goes.
Crimen falsi, Falsehood; per-
jury.
Crirnen laesse majestatis, High
treason.
Crux criticorum, The cross or
puzzle of critics.
Crux mihi anchora, The cross is
my anchor.
Cui bono ? For whose benefit is
it? Proverbially, What good
will it do ?
Cum grano salis, With a grain of
salt ; with some allowance.
Cum privilegio, With privilege or
licence.
Curiosa felicitas, A felicitous
tact.
Currente calamo, With a running
or rapid pen.
Custos morum, The guardian of
morality.
Da locum melioribus, Give place
to your betters.
Damnum absque injuria, A loss
without an injury.
Data, Things granted.
De auctoritate mihi commissa,
By the authority intrusted to
me.
Debito justitiaa, By debt of jus-
tice.
De bonis non, Of the goods not
yet administered on.
Deceptio visus, An illusion of the
sight.
De die in diem, From day to day.
De facto, From the fact.
Dei gratia, By the grace of God.
De gustibus non est disputan-
dum, There is no disputing
about tastes.
De jure, From the law ; by
right.
Delectando pariterque monendo,
By pleasing while admonishing.
Dii penates, Household gods.
Dies non (in law), A day on which
judges do<iot sit.
Dominus vobiscum, The Lord be
with you.
Donms et placens uxor, A house
and pleasing wife.
Divide et irnpera, Divide and
rule.
Dramatis personae, Characters re-
presented in a drama.
Ducit amor patrias, The love of
country guides me.
Dulce et decorum est pro patria
mori, It is sweet and glorious
to die for one's country.
Dum spiro, spero, Whilst I
breathe, I hope.
Dum vivimus, vivamus, While we
live, let us live.
Dura mater, A membrane cover-
ing the brain.
Durante bene placito, During
pleasure.
Durante vita, During life.
Dux fcemina facti, A woman was
the leader to the deed.
Ecce homo, Behold the man !
Ecce signum, Behold the sign.
E contrario, On the contrary.
Ens rationis, A creature of rea-
son.
Eo nomine, By that name.
E pluribus unum, One composed
of many.
Errare est humanurn, To err is
human.
Erratum, An error; pi. Errata,
Errors.
Est modus in rebus, There is a
medium in all things.
Esto perpetua, Let it be perpetual.
Et csetera, And the rest ; &c.
Et sic de similibus, And so of the
like.
Ex abundantia, Out of the abund-
dance.
Sx animo, Heartily.
Sxcerpta, Extracts,
x cathedra, From the chair.
Ex concesso, From what has been
conceded.
Cx curia, Out of court.
Cxempli gratia, For example,
xeunt omnes, All retire.
x mero motu, Of his own ac-
cord.
2x necessitate rei, From the ne-
cessity of the case.
Sx nihilo nihil fit, Nothing comes
of not '
Delenda est Carthago, Down with j E:: officio, By virtue of his office.
Carthage.
De mortuis nil nisi bonum, Say
nothing but good of the dend.
De novo, Anew.
Deo favente, With God's f
Deo gratias, Thanks to God.
Deo juvante, with God's help.
Deo yolente, With God's per-
mission.
Deo, non fortuna, From God, not
fortune
De profundis, Out of the depths.
Desideratum, A thing desired.
Desunt coetera, The remainder is
wanting.
Detur digniuri, Let it be given to
the more worthy.
Dietuui de dicto, Report upon
hearsay.
Dies faustus, A lucky day.
Ex parte, On one side only.
Ex pede Herculem, Judge of tto
whole from the specimen.
Experimentum cru 1 ;
experiment.
Ex post facto, After the :
commission of a crime.
Ex professo, Professedly.
Ex tempore, Without premedita-
tion.
Ex uno disce omnes, Fr.
learn all.
Ex vpto, According to vow.
Ex vi termini, By the meaning or
force of the expression.
Faber suae fortunae, The architect
of his own fortune.
Facile princeps, The admitted
chief.
601
PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE LATIN.
Facilis est descensus, Descent is
easy.
Fac simile, A close imitation.
Falsi crimen, A crime of forgery.
Fas est ab hoste doceri, It is al-
lowable to learn even from an
enemy.
Fata obstant, The Fates oppose
Favete linguis, Favour with your
tongues ; be silent.
Felo de se, A suicide.
Ferae naturae, Of a wild nature.
Festina lente, Hasten slowly.
Fiat justitia ruat Cffilum, Let jus-
tice be done though the heavens
should fall.
Fide, non armis, By faith, not by
arms.
Fides et justitia, Fidelity and
justice.
Fieri facias, A legal terra di-
recting an execution to be levied
on the goods of a debtor.
Filius nullius, A son. of nobody.
Finem respice, Look to the end.
Finis coronat opus, The end
crowns the work.
Flagrantebellp.Duringhostilities.
Flagrante delicto, In the commis-
sion of the crime.
Flecti nou frangi, To be bent, not
to be broken.
Fortes i ortuna juvat, Fortune as-
sists the brave.
Fortiter in re, With firmness in
acting.
Fronti nulla fides, There is no
trusting to appearances.
Fugit hora, The hour flies.
Fuit Ilium, Troy Tios been.
Fulmen brutum, Harmless thun-
der.
Functus officio, Out of oflice.
Genius loci, The genius of a
place.
Genus irritabile vatum, The irri-
table race of poets.
Gloria in excelsis, Glory to God
in the highest.
Gratis, For nothing.
Gratis dictum, Mere assertion.
Gravamen, The thing complained
of.
Graviora mnnent, Greater afliic-
tion await us.
Habeas corpus (in law), A writ for
Homo homini lupus, Man is a I In propria persona, In person.
wolf to man.
Homo multarum literarum,
man of great learning.
Homo sum; humani nihil a m
alienum puto, I am a man, an
deem nothing that relates
man foreign to my feelings.
Hortus siccus, A collection
dried plants.
Hostis humani generis, An enem
of the human race.
Humanum est errare ; It is the lo
of human nature to err.
Hunc tu caveto, Beware of him.
Ibidem ; Ibid., In the same place
a note of reference.
Id est (i. .)t Tbat is.
Id genus omne, All of that sort.
Idoneus homo, A fit man ; a m
of known ability.
Ignorantialegisneminem excusat
Ignorance ot the law excuses m
one
Ignoti nulla cupido, No desire i
felt for a thing unknown.
Ilium fuit, Troy has existed ; sue!
things have been.
Imitatores, servum pecus, Servil
herd of imitators.
Imo pectore, From the lowes
breast.
Imperium in imperio, A govern
ment within a government.
Imprimatur, Let it be printed.
Imprimis, In the first place; es
pecially.
Impromptu, Without study.
In articulo mortis, In the articl*
of death ; in the last struggle.
In capite, In the head.
In ccelo quies, There is rest in
Heaven.
Incognito, Unknown.
In commendam, In trust, or re
commendation.
In curia, In the court.
Inde iree, Hence this resentment
Index expurgatorius. A list ol
prohibited books.
In dubiis, In matters of doubt.
In equilibrio, Equally balanced.
In esse, In being.
In exteuso, At full length.
In finito, Perpetually.
In flagrant! delicto, Taken in the
fact.
In forma pauperis, As a pauper.
delivering a person from im- ] In foro conscientue, Before the
prisonment. I tribunal of conscience.
Haud ignarus mali, miseris sue- 1 In futuro, In future ; henceforth.
currere disco, Not ignorant of
misfortune, I learn to succour
the unfortunate.
Haud passdbus sequis, Not with
equal steps.
Hiatus valde deflendus, A defi-
ciency much to be regretted.
Hie et ubique, Here and every-
where.
Hie iinis fandi, Here was an end
to the discourse.
Hie jacet, Here lies.
Hoc opus, hie labour est, This is
labour ; this is work.
Hinc illae lacrymse, Hence pro-
ceed these tears
Ingens telum necessitas, Neces-
sity is a powerful weapon.
In hoc signo spes mea, In this
sign is my hope.
In hoc signo vinces, In this sign
shalt thou conquer.
In limine, At the threshold.
In loco, 111 the place.
In medias res, Into the midst of
things, or business.
In medio tutissimus ibis, Safety
lies in a medium.
In nubibus, In the clouds.
In ovo, In the egg.
In partibus infidelium, In infidel
countries.
In perpetuam rei memoriam, In
perpetual memory of the affair.
Hoc age, Do this; attend to what
you are doing.
Llodie mihi, eras tibi, To-day to In perpetuum, For ever.
me, to-morrow it belongs to In posse, In possible existence.
you. , In prsesenti, At the present time.
j In puris naturalibus, Quite naked.
' In re, In the matter of.
In rerum natura, In the nature of
things.
In situ, In its original situation.
Instanter, Instantly.
Instar omnium, Like all ; an ex-
ample of all.
In statu quo, In the former state
or condition.
Inter alia, Among other things.
Inter arma leges silent, In the
midst of arms the laws are si-
lent.
Inter nos, Between ourselves.
In terrorem, As a warning.
Inter se, Among themslves.
In toto, In the whole ; entirely.
In transitu, On the passage.
In utrumque paratus, Prepared
for either event.
In vacuo, In empty space, or in a
vacuum.
In vino veritas, There is truth in
wine; truth is told under the
influence of wine.
Invita Minerva, Without the aid
of genius.
Ipse dixit, Ho said it himself;
dogmatism.
Ipsissima verba, The very words.
Ipso facto, In the fact itself.
Ipso jure, By the law itself.
Ira furor brevis est, Anger is brie
madness.
Ita lex scripta est, Thu? the law
is written.
Jacta, est alea, The die is cast.
Januis clausis, With closed doors.
Judicium dei, The Judgment of
God.
Juniores ad labores, Young men
for labours.
Jure divino, By divine law.
Jure humano, By human law.
Jus civile, Civil law.
Jus gentium, Law of nations
Justitia! soror fides, Faith is the
sister of justice,
""ustum et tenacem propositi
virum, A just man, and steady
to his purpose.
Jabor ipse voluptas, Labour itself
is pleasure.
jabor omnia vincit, Labour con-
conquers everything.
Lapsus linguae, A slip of the
tongue.
j&res et penates, Household gods.
jateat scintillula forsan, A sm;dl
spark may yet lurk unseen.
Latet anguis in herba, There's a
snake in the grass.
jaus deo, Praise to God.
jeges legum, The law of laws.
jeonina societas, A lion's com-
pany.
iex loci, The law or custom of the
place.
ex non scripta, The common
law.
ex scripta, Statute law.
ex talionis, The law of retalia-
tion.
ex terrae, The law of the land.
is sub judice, A case not yet de-
cided
ite pendente, During the trinl.
Itera scripta manet, The written
letter remains.
PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE LATIN
605
Literatim, Literally; leter for
letter.
Locum tenens, A deputy or sub-
stitute.
Locus sigilli (L.S.) The place of
the seal.
Longo intervallo, By or with along
interval.
Lucidus ordo, A clear arrange-
ment.
Ludere cum sacris, To trifle with
sacred things.
Lusus natures, A sport or freak of
nature.
Macte virtute, Proceed in virtue.
Magna civitas, magna solitudo, A
great city is a great desert.
Magna est veritas, et prsevalebit,
Truth is mighty and it will pre-
vail.
Magnas inter opes inops, Poor in
the midst of great wealth.
Magni nominis umbra, The shad-
ow of a great name.
Magnum opus, A great work.
Major domo, Master of the house ;
a steward.
Mala fide, Treacherously.
Mali exempli, Of a bad example.
Maluin in se, Bad in itself.
Malum prohibitum, Bad because
prohibited.
Malus pudor, False shame.
Mania a potu, Madness caused by
drunkenness.
Manibus pedibusque, With hands
and feet ; tooth and nail.
Manu forti, With a strong hand.
Mare clausum, A closed sea ; a
bay.
Materfamilias, The mother of a
family.
Materia Medica, Substances used
in the healing arc.
Materiam superabat opus, The
workmanship surpassed the
materials.
Maximum, The greatest pos-
sible;
Maximus in minimis, Very great
in trifling things.
Medio tutissimus ibis, A medium
course will be safest.
Me judice, I being judge; IP Tuy
opinion.
Memento mori, Remember death.
Memorabilia, Things to be re-
membered.
Memoria in eterna, lu everlasting
remembrance.
Mensa et toro, From board and
bed.
Mens conscia recti, A mind con-
scious of rectitude.
Mens sana in corpore sano, A
sound mind in a sound body.
Meo periculo, At my own risk.
Merum sal, Pure salt; genuine
Attic wit.
Meum et tuum, Mine and yours.
Mirabile dictu, Wonderful to be
told.
Miserabile vulgus, A wretched
crew.
Mittimus, We send ; a writ to
commit an offender to prison.
Modus operandi, Manner of oper-
ation.
Mole ruit sua, It is crushed by its
own weight.
More majorum, After the manner
of our ancestors.
Mprs omnibus communis. Death
is common to all.
Motu proprio, Of his own accord.
Mos pro lege, Custom for law.
Multa gernens, Groaning deeply.
Multum in parvo. Much in little.
Mutatis mutandis, The necessary
changes being made.
Natale solum, Natal soil.
Ne cede malis, Yield not to mis-
fortune.
Necessitas non habet legern, Ne-
ce ssity has no law.
Nee mora, nee requies, No delay or
repose.
Nee pluribus impar, Not unequal
for many.
Nee prece nee pretio, Neither by
entreaty nor by bribe.
Nee scire fas est omnia, It is not
permitted to know all things.
Ne exeat, Let him not depart.
Nefasti dies, Unlucky days.
Nem. con. (Nemine contradicente) ,
Without opposition.
Nemo me impuuelacessit, No one
annoys me with impunity.
Nemo solus sapit, No one is wise
alone.
Nemo repente fuit turpissimus,
No man ever became a villain at
once.
Ne plus ultra, Nothing further;
the uttermost point.
Ne quid nimis, Literdtty, not too
much ; i. e., go not too far.
Ne sutor ultra crepidam, Let not
the shoemaker go beyond his
last; stick to your own busi-
ness.
Nihil debet, He owes nothing; a
plea, denying a debt.
Nil admirari, To wonder at no-
thing.
Nil conscire sibi, Conscious of no
fault.
Nil desperandum, Never despair.
Nil dicit, He says nothing.
Nisi prius, Unless before.
Nolens volens, Whether he will
or not.
Nolle prosequi, To be unwilling to
proceed.
S r olo episcopari, I do not wish to
be made a bishop.
Non compos mentis, Not of sound
mind
Non constat, It does not appear.
Non est inventus, He has not
been found.
Non libet, It does not please me.
Non nobis solum, Not merely for
ourselves.
Non obstante, Notwithstanding 1 .
Non omnia possumns omnes, We
cannot all of us do all things.
Non omnis moriar, I shall not
wholly die.
Non quo, sed quomodo, Not by
whom, but how.
Non sequitur, It does not follow ;
an unwarranted conclusion.
Non sibi, sed omnibus, Not for
itself, but for all.
Non sum qualis eram, I am not
what I was.
Noscitur a sociis, He is known by
his companions.
Nota bene (N. B.), Mark well.
Novus homo, A new man.
Nudum pactum, An invalid agree-
ment.
Nugsa canorae, Melodious trifles.
Nugis armatus, Armed with tri-
fles.
Nullius films, The son of nobody.
Nunc aut nunquam, Now 01
never.
Nunquam minus solus, quam cum
solus, Never less alone than
when alone.
Nunquam non paratus, Never un-
prepared.
Nusquain tuta fides, Our confi-
dence is nowhere safe.
Obiter dictum, A thing said by
the way, or in passing.
Observanda, Things to be ob-
served.
Obsta principiis, Resist the first
beginnings.
Occurrent nubes, Clouds will in-
tervene.
Oderint dum metuant, Let them
hate provided they fear.
Odi profanum, I loathe the pro-
fane.
Odium theologicum, The hatred
of divines.
Ohe ! jam satis, Oh ! there is now
enough.
Omnia bona bonis, All things are
good to the good.
Omnia vincit amor, Love con-
quers all things.
Onmia vincit labor, Labour over-
comes all things.
Omnibus hoc vitium est, All have
this vice.
Onus probandi, The burden of
proving.
Opene pretium est, It is worth
while.
Optimates, Of the first r
Ora et labora, Pray and work.
Orator fit, poeta nascitur. The
orator is made such by educa-
tion, but a poet must be bora
such.
Ore tenus, Only by the mouth.
O ! si sic omnia, Oh ! that he had
always done or spoken thus.
O temporal O mores! Oh the
times ! Oh the manners !
Otium cum dignitate, Ease with
dignity ; dignified leisure.
Otium sine literis lu
without literature is death.
Pacta eonventa. The conditions
agreed upon.
Pallida mors, Pale death.
Palmam qui meruit ferat, Let him
who has won it bear the palm.
Pari passu, With equal pace, to-
gether.
Paritur pax bello, Peace is pro-
duced by war.
Par nobile fratrum, A noble pair
of brothers ; two just alike.
Paroneri, Equal to the burden.
Pars pro toto, Part for the whole.
Particeps criminis, An accom-
plice.
Parturiunt montes, The moun-
tains are in labour.
Parya leves capiunt anirnas,
Little minds are caught with
trifles.
Passim, Everywhere.
Paterfamilias, The father of a
family.
Pater noster, Our Father; the
Lord's prayer.
PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE LATIN.
Pater patriae, Father of his coun
try.
Pax in bello, Peace in war.
Peccavi, I have sinned.
Pendente lite, Pending the suit.
Per annum, By the year.
Per capita, By the head.
Per centum, By the hundred.
Per diem, By the day.
Per fas et nefas, Through righ
and wrong.
Per interim, In the meantime
Per mare, per terras, Through se
and land.
Per saltum, By a leap or jump.
Per se, By itself.
Petitio principii, A begging of th
question.
Poeta nascitur, non fit, Nature
not study, must form, the poet.
Posse videor, The appearance o
being able.
Post bellum auxillium, Aid afte
the war.
Post mortem, After death.
Postulata, Things required.
Prcecognita, Things previously
known.
Prescriptum, A thing prescribed.
Prima facie, On the first view.
Primse vise, The first passages.
Primum mobile, The first mover
The first impulse.
Primus inter pares, Chief among
equals.
Principia, First principles.
Principia, non homines, Princi
pies, not men.
Priucipiis obsta, Oppose the first
appearance of evil.
Pro aris et focis, For our altars
and firesides.
Probatum est, It is proved.
Pro bouo publico, For the public
good.
Pro confesso. As if conceded.
Pro et con., For and against.
Pro forma, for the sake of form.
Pro hac vice, For this turn or oc-
casion.
Pro patria, For our country.
Propaganda fide, For extending
the faith.
Fro rata, In proportion.
Pro rege, lege et grege, For the
king, the law, and the people.
Pro re nata, For a special emer-
gency.
Pro tanta, For so much.
Pro ternpore, For the time
being.
Prudeus futuri, Thoughtful of
the future.
Pugnis et calcibus, With fists and
heels ; with all the might.
Punica fides, Punic faith ; treach-
ery.
Quaere, Query; inquiry.
Qualis ab incepto, The same as
from the beginning.
Quamdiu se bene gesserit, During
good behaviour.
Quantum libet, As much as you
please.
Quantum meruit, As much as he
deserved.
Quantum mutatus ab illo, How
changed from what he once
was.
Quantum sufficit. A sufficient
quantity.
Quasi, As if; in a manner.
Quern deua vult perdere, priu
dementat, Whom God purpose
to destroy, he previously d
prives of understanding.
Quid nunc ? What now ? a new
monger.
Qui docet, discit, He who teache
learns.
Quid pro quo, One thing for an<
ther; tit for tat.
Quid rides ? Why do you laugh ?
Qui non proficit, deficit, He wh
does not advance, goes back
ward.
Qui tarn ? Who as v/ell ?
Quis custodiet ipsos custodes
Who shall guard the guard
themselves ?
Qui transtulit, sustinet, He wh
brought us hither still preserve
us.
Quoad hoc, To this extent.
Quo animo ? With what mind o
intention ?
Quod avertat deus! Which Go<
avert.
Quod erat demonstrandum, Which
was to be shown.
Quod erat faciendum, Which wa
to be done,
uod vide, Which see.
uo jure ? By what right ?
uorum pars fui, Of which o
whom, I was a part.
Quot homines, tot sententise, So
many men, so many minds.
Quo warranto? By what autho-
rity?
Sara avis, A rare bird ; a prodigy.
Jecte et suaviter, Justly anc
mildly.
Eectus in curia, Upright in the
court ; with clean hands.
Sedolet lucerna, It smells of the
lamp; it is a laboured produc-
tion.
-Seductio ad absurdum, A reduc-
ing a position to an absurdity.
Re infecta, The business being
unfinished.
lem acu tetigisti, You have
touched the thing exactly [lit.
with a needle.]
Eenovato nomine, by a revived
name.
lequiescat in pace, May he rest
in peace.
lerum primordia, The first ele-
ments of things.
les angnst domi, Narrow circum-
stances at home ; poverty.
iespice finem, Look to the end.
lespublica, The commonwealth.
tesurgam, I shall rise again.
Jide si sapis, Laugh if you are
wise.
:isum teneatis, amici ? Can you,
my friends, forbear laughing ?
.vis in urbe, The country in town.
alvo jure, The right being safe,
alvo pudore, Without offence to
modesty,
anctum sanctorum, Holy of
holies.
apere aude, Dare to be wise,
at cito, si sat bene, Soon enough
if well enough,
atis, superque, Enough, and
more than enough,
atis verborum, Enough of words ;
you need say no more.
Scan. Mag. (scandalum magna-
turn), Scandal of the great.
Scienter, Knowingly.
Scilicet, That is to say; to wit.
Scire facias, Cause it to be known.
Scribimus indocti, doctique.
Learned and unlearned, all
write.
Secundum artem, According to
rule; scientifically.
Secundum naturam, According to
the course of nature.
Se defendendo, In self defence.
Semel et simul, Once and to-
gether.
Semper idem, Always the same.
Semper fidelis, Always faithful.
Semper paratus. Always ready.
Semper vivit in arms, He ever
lives in arms.
Seriatim, In regular order.
Sero, sed serio, Late, but seri
ously.
Servabo fidem, I will keep faith-
s' ervare modum, To keep within
bounds.
Sic itur ad astra, Such is the way
to immortality.
Sic passim, So everywhere
Sic transit gloria rnundi, So passes
away earthly glory.
Sicut ante, As before.
Sic vos non vobis, Thus you do
not labour for yourselves.
Silent leges inter arina, The laws
are silent amidst arms.
Simplex munditiis, Simple in
neatness.
Sine cura, Without charge or
care.
Sine die, Without a day appoint-
ed.
Sine dubio, Without doubt.
Sine invidia, Without envy.
3ine odio, Without hatred.
Sine qua non. An indispensable
condition.
Siste viator, Stop traveller.
Sit tibi terra levis, May the earth
lie lightly on thy grave.
Spero meliora, I hope for better
things,
'"'pes mea Christus, Christ is my
hope.
3pes tutissima ccelis, The safest
hope is in Heaven,
polia opima. The richest booty.
Stans pede in uno, Standing on
one foot.
tat magni nominis umbra, There
stands the shadow of a mighty
name.
5tat pro ratione voluntas, Will
stands for reason,
itatu quo, As things were before,
itet, Let it stand,
tratum super stratum, Layer
above layer.
tylo inverso, With the back of
the pen.
ua cuique voluptas, Every man
has his own pleasures,
uaviter in modo, fortiter in re,
Gentle in manners, but resolute
in deed.
ub judice, Under consideration,
ub poena, Under a penalty,
ub rosa, Under the rose; pri-
vately.
ub silentio, In silence,
uccedaneum, A substitute,
ui generis, Of its own kind,
ummum bonum, The chief good.
PEOVEEBS AND PHEASES FROM THE LATIN.
607
Summum jus, summa injuria, The
rigour of the law is the rigour of
oppression.
Suo marte, By his own strength.
Super visum corporis, Upon a
view of the body.
Surgit amari aliquid, Something
bitter rises.
Suum cuique, Let each have his
own.
Suus euique mos, Every <^\ has
his particular habit.
3*
Tabula rasa, A smooth or blank
tablet ; clean paper.
Tsedium vitae, Weariness of life.
Tarn Marte quam Minerva, Pos-
sessed equally of courage and
genius.
Te judice, You being the judge.
Telum imbelle sine ictu, A feeble
weapon thrown without effect.
Tempera mutantur, et nos niuta-
mur in illis, The times are
changed, and we are changed
with them.*
Tempus edax rerum, Time the
devourer of all things.
Tempus omnia revelat, Time re-
veals all things.
Tenax propositi, Tenacious of his
purpose.
Terras filius, A son of the earth ; a
man of no birth.
Terra flrma, Solid earth; a safe
footing.
Terra incognita, An unknown
country.
Tertium quid, A third something.
Toga virflis, The gown of man-
hood.
Tot homines, quot sententise, So
many men, so many minds.
Totidem verbis, In just so many
words.
Toties quoties, As often as.
Totis viribus, With all his might.
Toto ccelo, By the whole heavens ;
diametrically opposite.
Totus mundus agit histrionem,
All the world's a stage.
Totus teres, atque rotundus, Com-
pletely smooth and round.
Transeat in exemplum, May it
pass into an example.
Triajuncta in uno, Three joined
in one.
Truditur dies die, One day is
pressed onward by another:
Tu ne cede malis, Do not yield to
evils.
Tu quoque, Brute ! And thou too,
Brutus !
Tutor et ultor, Protector and
avenger.
Tuum est, It is your own.
Uberrima fides, Implicit reli-
ance.
Ubi jus incertum, ibi jus nullum,
Uncertainty destroys law.
Ubi libertas, ibi patria, Where
liberty dwells there is my coun-
try.
Ubi supra, Where above men-
tioned.
Ultima ratio regum, The last ar-
gument of kings; military
weapons.
Ultima Thule, The utmost boun-
dary or limit.
Ultimatum, The last or only con-
dition.
Ultimus regum, The last of ty-
rants.
Una voce, With one voice; unani-
mously.
Unguis in ulcere, A claw in the
wound.
Usque ad aras, To the very altars.
Ut infra, As below.
Utile dulci, The useful with the
pleasant.
Uti possedetis, As you possess;
state of present possession.
Ut prosim, That I may do good.
Vade mecuin, Go with me ; a con-
stant companion.
Vse victis, Woe to the vanquished
Valeat quantum, valere potest,
Let it pass for what it is worth.
Valete ac plaudite, Farewell and
applaud.
Variaa lectiones, Various read-
ings.
Vehimur in altum, We are borne
on high.
Velis et remis, With sails and
oars ; by every possible means.
Vel prece, vel pretio, For either
love or money.
Veluti in speculum, As in a mirror.
Vendidit hie auro patriam, This
man sold his country for gold.
Veni, vidi, vici, I came, I saw, I
conquered.
Venire facias, You will cause to
come, the writ for summoning
a jury.
Ventis secundis, With prosperous
winds.
Verbatim et literatim, Word for
word and letter for letter.
Verbum sat sapienti, A word to
the wise is enough.
Veritas odium parit, Truth begets
hatred.
Ver non semper viret, Spring does
not always flourish.
Versus, Against.
Vestigia nulla retrorsum, There
are no returning footsteps.
Via, By the way of.
Via media, A middle course.
Vice, In the place of.
Vice versa, The terms being ex
changed.
Videlicit, To wit ; namely.
Vide et crede, See and believe.
Vide ut supra, See what is stated
above.
Vi et armis, By main force.
Vincit amor patriae, Love of coun-
try prevails.
Vincit, qui se vincit, He conquers
who overcomes himself.
Vinculum matrimonii, The bond
of marriage.
Vires acquirit eundo, It acquires
strength in its progress.
Virtus incendit vires, Virtue kin-
dles the strength.
Vitute officii, By virtue of office.
Virtute non viris, From virtue
not from men.
Vis a tergo, A propelling force
from behind.
Vis inertise, The power of inert-
ness.
Vis prseservatrix, A preserving
power.
Vis vitse, The vigour of life.
Vita brevis, ars longa, Life ia
short and art is long.
Vitam impendere vero, To stake
one's life for the truth .
Vivat respublica, Live the re-
public.
Vivat regina, Long live the queen.
Viva voce, By the living voice;
by oral testimony.
Vive memor lethi, Live mindful of
death.
Vivere sat vincere, To conquer is
to live enough.
Vive, vale, Farewell and be happy.
Vivida vis animi, The lively vig-
our of genius.
Videlicet, viz. : Namely.
Volo, non valeo, I am willing, but
unable.
Vota vita mea, My life is devoted.
Vox et preterea nihil, A sound
and nothing more.
Vox faucibus haesit, The voice (or
words) stuck in the throat.
Vox populi, vox dei, The voice
of the people is that of God.
Vulnus immedicabile, An irrepa-
rable injury.
Vultus est index animi, The face
is the index of the mind.
Zonam perdidit, He has lost his
purse.
Zonam solvere, To loose the vir-
gin zone.
* This line occurs in the writings of Matthias Borbonius, a German writer of Latin poetry, who
represents it as a saying of Lotharius I. In the original the line stands thus .Omnia mutantur et noa
mutamur in illis. See Pros. Sears' edition of Roget's Thesaurus.
WOKDS AND PHKASES
FEOM THE FRENCH, WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS.
A bon chat, bon rat, To a good cat,
a good rat ; well matched; set a
thief to catch a thief.
A fin, To the end.
A grands frais, A great expense.
Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidora. Help
yourself and Heaven will help
you.
A 1'abandon, At random.
A la bonne heure, Well timed; at
an early hour.
A la demobee, By stealth.
A la Fran?aise, After the French
mode.
A la mode, According to the cus-
tom.
A 1'Anglaise, After the English
custom.
A 1'envi, Emulously.
A I'extremite", At the point of
death ; without resource.
A I'improviste, Unawares.
A 1'outrance, To the utmost
A ma puissance, To my power.
A main arm^e, With force of
arms.
A merveiUe, To a wonder ; mar-
vellously.
A moitie de moitie, By halves.
Amour fait beaucoup, mais argent
fait tout, Love is pleasant, but
money is omnipotent.
Amour propre, Self-love ; vanity.
A pas de geant, With a giant's
stride.
A peindre, A model for a painter.
A propos, To the point.
A rez de chaussde, Even with the
ground.
A tort et a travers, At cross pur-
poses.
Au bon droit, To the just right.
Au de'sespoir, In despair.
Au fait, Well instructed; master
of it.
Au fond, At the bottom.
Au pis aller, At the worst.
Au revoir, Adieu, until we meet
again.
Aussitot dit, aussitot fait, No
sooner said than done.
Autaut d' hommes, autant d'avis.
So many men, so many minds.
Autre droit, Another's right.
Avant courier, A forerunner.
A votre sante", To your health.
Bas bleu, A blue-stocking, a lite-
rary woman,
Beau ideal, A perfect model of
beauty.
Beau monde, The fashionable
world.
Bel esprit, A brilliant mind.
Ueaux eeprits, Gay spirits ; men of
Bizarre, Odd ; fantastic.
Bon-bon, A sweetmeat; confec
tionery.
Bon gre, mal gre", Willing or un-
willing.
Bonhommie, Good natured sim-
plicity.
Bon jour, bonne ceuvre, The bet-
ter day, the better deed.
Bonne, A nurse or governess.
Bonne bouche, A delicate bit.
Bonne et belle assez, Good and
handsome enough.
Bon ton, The height of fashion.
Bon-vivant, A jovial companion; a
luxurious liver.
Bourgeois, A citizen.
Boutez en avant, Push, forward.
Brevet^, Patented.
Canaille, The rabble.
Cap-a-pie", From head to foot ; all
over.
Carte blanche, A blank sheet of
paper ; full powers.
Ce monde est plein de fous, The
world is full of fools.
C'est fait de lui, It is all over
with him.
C'est une autre chose, It is quite
a different thing.
Chacun a son gout, Every one to
his taste.
Champs Elysees, Elysian fields ;
a beautiful public park in Paris.
Ghaque pays a sa guise, So many
countries, so many customs.
Chateaux en Espagne, Castles in
the air ; fanciful plans.
Chef-d'oeuvre, A master-piece.
Cheval de bataille, A war-horse;
the main dependence.
Chevalier d'iudustrie, A knight of
industry ; one who lives by per-
severing fraud.
Ci-devant, Formerly.
Comme il faut, As it should be.
Concierge, The keeper of a prison.
Conge d'elire, A leave to elect,
ontre temps, A mischance ; dis-
appointment.
Corps diplomatique, The diploma-
tic body.
Couleur de rose, Rose colour ; of
flattering or pleasing appear-
ance.
Coup d'essai, A first essay ; at-
tem.pt.
3oup d'etat, A stroke of policy or
of violence in state affairs.
2oup de grace, A finishing stroke.
Goup de main, A sudden enter-
prise or effort.
Coup d'cBil, A rapid glance of the
eye.
oup de pied, A kick.
Coup de soleil, A stroke of the
sun.
Courage sans peur, Courage with-
out fear.
Coute qui coute, Let it cost what
it may.
Cul de sac. The bottom of the
bag; a diificulty; a street or
lane that has no outlet.
D'accord, Agreed; in tune.
Dames de la halle, Market women.
De gaiete" de coeur, Sportively.
De haute lutte, By a violent
struggle.
Dehors, Without.
Dejeuner a la fourchette, A meat
breakfast.
De mal en pis, From bad to worse.
Denouement, The unravelling of a
plot.
Dernier resort, A last resource.
Detour, A circuitous march.
Oevoir, Duty.
De trop, Too much, or too many,
Dieu defend le droit, God defends
the right.
Dieu et mon droit, God and mv
right.
Dieu vous garde, God bless you.
Double entendre, A double mean-
ing.
Douceur, Sweetness ; a bribe.
Doux yeux, Soft glances.
Droit des gens, The law of na-
tions.
Droit et avaut, Eight and forward.
Du fort au faible, From the strong
to the weak ; one with another.
Eau de vie, Brandy.
Eclat, Splendour ; pomp ; glory.
Elite, The best part.
Eloignmeut, Estrangement.
Emeute, Insurrection ; uproar.
En ami, As a friend.
En avant ! Forward !
Enfans perdus, Lost children ; the
forlorn hope.
Enfant gate", A spoiled child.
Enfant trouve", A foundling.
En flute, Armed with guns only
on the upper deck.
En foule, Iii a crowd.
En habiles gens, Like able men.
En masse, In a body.
En passant, In passing; by the
way.
En plein jour, In broad day.
En revanche, In return.
En route, On the way.
En suivant le verite, In follouii:^
the truth.
Entre deux feux, Between t\vo
fires.
Entre deux vins, Half drunk.
WORDS AND PHRASES FROM THE FRENCH.
609
Untre nous, Between ourselves.
Esprit de corps, The spirit of th<
body.
JEtat-major, A specific number o
officers belonging to the same
corps.
Etourderie, Giddiness ; impru
dence.
Expose", An exposition j recital.
Facon de parler, Manner of speak-
ing.
Paire mon devoir, To do my duty,
Faire sans dire, To act without
ostentation.
Pauteuil, An easy chair.
Faux pas, A false step ; a mistake
Femme couverte, A married
woman.
Ffimme sole, A woman unmarried
Ferine orn^e, A decorated farm.
FtHe champetre, A rural feast.
Feu de joie, A firing of guns in
token of joy ; a bonfire.
FeuUleton, A small leaf; a sup
plement to a newspaper;
pamphlet.
Fille de chambre, A chamber-
maid.
Flux de bouche, A flow of words ;
garrulity.
Froides mains, chaude amour, A
cold hand and warm love.
Gaitetd de coeur, Gayety of heart.
Garde de corp. A body guard.
Gardez bien. Take good care.
Gardez la foi, Keep the faith.
Gens de condition. People of rank.
Gens d'e'glise, Churchmen.
Gens de guerre, Military men.
Gens de memo famille, Birds of a
feather.
Gens de peu, Meaner sort of peo-
ple.
Goutte a goutte, Drop by drop.
Grand parure, Full dress.
Guerre a mort, War till death.
Guerre a 1'outrance, War to the
uttermost.
Haut gout, High flavour.
Horn me de robe, A man in civil
office.
Hoinme d'esprit, A man of talent,
or of wit.
Honi soit qui mal y pense, Shame
to him who evil thinks.
Hors de combat, Out of condition
to fight.
Hotel de ville, A town hall.
Hotel dieu, The house of God ; a
hospital hi Paris.
II a le diable au corps, The devil is
in him.
II a le vin mauvais, He is quarrel-
some when in his cups.
II eunuie a qui attend, Waiting is
tedious.
II faut de 1'argent, Money is want-
ing.
II n'a ni bouche, ni e"peron, He has
neither mouth nor spur ; neither
wit nor courage.
II n'a pas invent^ la poudre, He-
was not the inventor of gun-
powder; he e no conjurer.
D ne faut jamaia defier un fou, One
must never bid defiance to a
fool.
D n'est sauce que d'appetite,
Hunger is the best sauce.
J'ai bonne cause, I have a good
cause.
Jamais arriere, Never behind.
Je ne cherche qu'un, I seek but
for one.
Je ne sais quoi, I know not what.
Je suis pret, I am ready.
Jeu de mots, A play on words ; a
pun.
Jeu d'esprit, A witticism.
Jeu de theatre, Stage-trick ; atti
tude.
Je vis en espoir, I live in hope.
J'y suis pour mon cout, I paid
dear for it.
La beaut^ sans vertu est une fleur
sans parfum, Beauty without
virtue is like a flower without
fragrance.
Laissez nous faire, Let us alone.
La inaladie sans maladie, Hypo-
chondriacism.
La patience est amere, mais son
fruit est doux. Patience is bit-
ter, but its fruit is sweet.
La vertu est la seule noblesse,
Virtue is the only nobility.
L'eau en vient a la bouche, That
makes one's mouth water.
Le beau monde, The fashionable
world.
Le bon temps viendra, The good
time will come.
Le cout en ote la gout, The cost
takes away the taste.
Le diable boiteux, The la me devil
or the devil on two sticks.
Le grand oeuvre, The great work;
the philosopher's stone.
Le jeu n'en vaut pas le chandelle,
The object is not worth the
trouble.
Le mot d'e"nigme, The key of the
mystery.
L' empire des lettres, the republic
of letters.
Le roi le veut, The king wills it.
Les affaires font les homines,
Business makes men.
Le savoir faire, The knowledge
how to act ; address.
Le savoir vivre, Acquaintance
with life and manners.
Les doux yeux, .-oft g-limces.
Les murailles ont des oreilles,
Walls have ears.
Le tout ensemble, All together.
Lettre de cachet, A sealed letter ;
a royal warrant.
L'homme propose et Dieu dis-
pose, Man proposes, and God
disposes.
Loyal devoir, Loyal duty.
Loyaute m'oblige, Loyalty binds
me.
Loyaute n'a honte, Loyalty has
no shame.
Maintien le droit, Maintain the
right.
Maison de campagne, A country
seat.
Maison de ville, A town-house.
Maitre d' hotel, A house-steward.
Maladie du pays, Home-sickness.
Mai a propos, ill-timed.
Malheur ne vient jamais eeul,
Misfortunes seldom come alone.
Mauvais gout. Bad taste.
Mauvaise honte, False modesty.
Medecin, gueris-toi toi meme,
Physician, cure thyself,
fforceau, A morsel. 39
Mots d'usage, Words in common
use.
Muet comme un poisson, Mute as
a fish.
Ni 1'un ni i'atitre, Neither the one
nor the other.
N'importe, It matters not.
Norn de plume, A literary title.
Nona de guerre, A war name; a
travelling title.
Nonchalance, Carelessness j in-
difference.
Nous verrous, We shall see.
Nul bien sans peine, No pains, no
gains.
(Eil de bceuf, A bull's eye.
On commence par etre dupe ; on
finit p ir etre fripoii, They begin
by being fools, and end in be-
coming knaves.
On connait 1'ami au besom, A
friend is known in time of need.
On die, A flying rumour.
Outre", Out of the usual limits;
extravagant.
Oublier je ne puis, I can never for-
get.
Papier mache*, A substance made of
paper reduced to a pulp.
Par acce"s, By snatches or starts.
Par excellence, By way of emi-
nence.
Par signe de mrfpris, As a token of
contempt.
Parvenu, A new comer; anupstart.
I'as a pas on va bien loin, Step by
step one goes a long way.
Passe partout, A master-key.
Patois, A corrupt dialect.
Peine forte et dure, Strong an<J
severe pain.
Penchant, Inclination; desire.
Pere de famille, The father of a
family.
Petit maitre, A fop.
Peu de bien, peu de soin, Little
wealth, little care.
Peu de gens savent etre vieux,
Few persons know how to be old.
Plus on est de fous, plus on rit,
The more fools the more fun.
'-cs sages, More wise
than the wise.
Point d'appui, Point of support;
prop.
Pour comble <?e bonheur, As the
height of happiness.
Pour passer le temps, To pass away
the time.
Pour y parvenir, To accomplish
the object.
Pret d'accomplir, Ready to accom-
plish.
Pret pour mon pays, Eeady for my
country.
Proces verbal, A written State-
ment.
Projot, A plan or project.
. One protected or pat-
ronized.
Quand on voit la chose on la croit,
Seeing is believing.
Juelque chose, A trifle ; kickshaw.
Qui aime bien, bien cM'ie, Who
loves well, chastises well.
Qui in'tiime, aime mon chien, Lore
me, love my dog.
Qui n'a sant6 n'a rien, He that
wants health wants every thing.
610 PROVERBS AND PHRASES FROM THE ITALIAN AND SPANISH.
Oui pense ? Who thinks ?
Qui vive ? Wlio goes there ? on
the qui rive, on the alert.
Eaisonne, Eational; arranged in
regular system.
Eecherche", Nice to an extreme ;
tincomrnon and desirable.
Eeculer pour mieux sauter. To go
back in order to get a better
leap.
Bepondre en Normaud, To give an
evasive answer.
Besume, An abstract or summary.
Revenons a nos moutons, Let us
return to our subject.
Eien n'est beau que le vrai, No-
thing is beautiful but the truth.
Eire entre cuir et chair, To laugh
in one's sleeve.
Eole d' equipage, A list of the
crew.
Euse centre ruse, Diamond cut
diamond ; trick for trick.
Euse de guerre, A stratagem.
S'amuser a la moutarde, To stand
on trifles.
Sans ceremonie, Without cere-
mony.
Sang froid, Indifference ; apathy.
Sans changer, Without changing
Sans culottes, Eagged men j the
lower glasses,
Sans Dieu rien, Nothing without
God.
Sans peur et sans reproche, With-
out fear and without reproach.
Sans souci, Without care; free
and easy.
Sans tache, Stainless.
Sauve qui peut, Save himself who
can.
Savoir faire, Ability ; skill.
Savoir vivre, Good breeding.
Selonles regies, According to rule.
Si jepuis, If I can.
Sobriquet, A nickname.
Soi-disant, Self-styled.
Souffler le chaud et le froid, To
blow hot and cold.
Soyez ferme, Be firm.
Table d'hote, A common table for
guests.
Tache sans tache, A work without
a stain.
Tant mieux, So much the better.
Tant pis, So much the worse.
Tel maitre, tel valet, Like master,
like man.
Tete a tete, Head to head; in
close conversation.
Tiens ala verite, Maintain the truth.
Tiens ta foi, Keep thy faith.
Toujours prei, Always ready.
Tour d'expression, An idiom or
peculiar mode of expression.
Tout au contraire, On the con-
trary.
Tout bien ou rien, The whole or
nothing.
Tout ensemble, The whole taken
together.
Tout est pris, All is taken ; every
avenue preoccupied.
Tout lui rit, AU goes weU with
him.
Une fois n'est pas coutume, On
act does not make a habit.
Un sot a triple etage, An egregi-
ous blockhead.
Valet de chambre, An attendant ;
a footman.
Verite sans peur, Truth without
fear.
Videttes, Sentinels on horse-
back.
Vis a vis, Opposite ; facing.
Vive le bagatelle ! Success to tri-
fling !
Vive le roi ! Long live the king !
Voila tout, That's all.
Voila une autre chose, There's
quite a different matter.
Voir le dessons des cartes, To be
in the secret.
Vousyperdrez vos pas, You will
lose your labour.
PROVERBS AND PHRASES
FROM THE ITALIAN AND SPANISH.
A cader va chi troppo alto sale,
It. Who climbs too high, goes
to fall.
A causa persa, parole assai, It.
When the cause is lost, there is
enough of words.
Ad ogni uccello, suo nido e bello,
It. With every bird its own
nest is charming.
Auto de fe, Sp. An act of faith ;
the name given in Spain and
Portugal to the burning of Jews
and heretics.
Aviendopregonado vino, vendere
vinagre, Sp. After having
praised their wine, they sell us
viueyar.
A vostra salute, It. To your
health.
Bella femina che ride, vuol dir,
borsa chepiange, It. The smiles
of a pretty woman are the tears
of the purse.
13en trovato, It. Well found an
ingenious solution.
Ben vienes, si vienea solo, Sp.
Thou comest well, if thou com-
est alone : spoken of misfor-
tune.
Cambio non & furto, It. Exchange
is no robbery.
Che sara, sara, It. Whatever will
be, will be.
Chi da presto raddoppia il dono,
It. He that gives quickly
doubles the gift.
Chi risponde presto, sa poco. It.
Who answers suddenly, knows
little.
Chi non s'arrischia, non guadag-
na, It. Nothing venture, no-
thing have.
Chi non sa niente, non dubita de
niente, It. He who knows
nothing doubts of nothing.
Chi tace confessa, It. Silence is
confession.
Cicerone. It. A guide who ex-
plains curiosities.
Clair-obscur, It. In painting, the
art of judiciously distributing
light and shade.
Cognoscente, It. A connois-
seur.
Con amore, It. With love ; ear-
nestly.
Contra fortuna no vale arte nin-
guna, Sp. There is no fence
against fortune.
Conversazione, Conversation; a
meeting for conversation.
Cosa ben fatta, e fatta due volte,
It. A thing well done is twice
done.
Cosa fatta capo ha, It. A thing
which is done has a head.
Di il vero e effronterai il diavolo,
It. Speak the truth and shame
the devil.
Dolce, It. In music, soft and
agreeable.
Dolce cose a vedere, e dolci in-
ganni, It. Things sweet to see,
and sweet deceptions applied to
specious but deceitful appearances.
Dolce far niente, It. Sweet doing
nothing. A difficult pTirast to
give in equivalent English.
Doloroso, It. Soft and pathetic.
Due teste vagliano piu che una
sola, It. Two heads are better
than one.
E cativo vento che non e buono
per qualchnmo, It. "Tis an ill
wind that blows nobody good.
El corazon manda las carnes, Sp.
The heart bears up the body.
E meglio cader dalle finestre che
dal tetto. It It is better tc
fall from a window that the
roof.
E meglio tardi che mai, It. Bet-
ter late than never.
Escritura, buena memoria, Sp.
Writing, the best memory.
Giovane Santo, diavolo vecchio,
It. A young saint, an old devil.
Gli assenti hanno torto, It. The
absent are in the wrong.
Guerra al cuchillo, Sp. War to
the knife.
Horaesempre,It. 'Tis always time.
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED.
611
D sabio muda conscio, il nescio
no, Sp. A wise man sometimes
changes his opinion, a foo]
never.
II volto sciolto, i pensieri stretti,
It. The countenance open, but
the thoughts concealed.
In petto, It. Within the breast ;
in reserve.
Joco di mano, joco villano, It.
Practical jokes belong only to
the low.
La gente pone, y Dios dispono,
Sp. Men purpose, but God doth
dispose.
La mentira tiene las piernas cor-
tas, Sp. A lie has short
legs.
La poverti e la madre di tutte le
arti, It. Poverty is the mother
of all arts.
La speranza 6 il pan de miseri, It.
Hope is the poor man's bread.
Las riquezas son bagajes de la for-
tuna, It. Riches are the bag-
gage of Fortune.
Lauda la maglid e tienti donzello,
It. Commend a wife, but re-
main a bachelor.
Libretto, It. A little book or
pamphlet.
Locos y ninos, dizen la verdad,
Sp. Children and fools speak
truth.
Maggior' fretta minor atto, It.
The more haste the worse
speed.
Mas vale saber que haber, Sp.
Better be wise than rich.
Mas vale ser necio que porsiado,
Sp. Better be a fool than ob-
stinate.
Mas vale tarde que nunca, Sp.
Better late than never.
51i date creta per casio, It. You
give me chalk for cheese.
Mucho en el suelo, poco en e
Cielo, Sp. Much on earth, littl
in Heaven.
Natura lo fcce, e poi ruppe la
stampa, It. Nature made him
and then broke the mould.
No ay cerradura si es de oro la
ganzua, Sp. There is no lock
but a golden key will open it.
No es todo oro lo que reluze, Sp.
All is not gold that glitters.
Non far il medico tuo herede, It.
Never make your physician your
heir.
Nulla nuovo, buona nuovo, It.
The best news is no news.
Offrecer mucho, especie es de
negar, Sp. To offer much is a
kind of denial.
Ogni uno per si medesimo, e Dio
por tutti, It. Every man for
himself and God for us all.
Olla podrida, ap. An incongruous
mixture.
Per troppo dibatter la verita si
perde, It. Truth is lost by too
much controversy.
Pietra moss a non fa muschio, It.
A rolling stone gets no moss.
Piu tosto mendicante che igno-
ranti, It. Better be a beggar
than ignorant.
Poca robba, poco pensiero, It.
Little wealth, little care.
Presto maduro, presto podrida,
Sp. Soon ripe, soon notten.
Presto maturo, presto marzo, It.
Soon ripe, soon rotten.
Pronunciamento, Sp. A public
declaration.
Questo vento no cribra la biada,
It. This wind shakes no corn.
Quien mucho abraza poco aprieta,
Sp. Who grasps too much
holds little.
Quien preguuta, no yerra, Sp.
Who asks errs not.
Recoje tu heno rr.ientras que el
sol luziere, Sp. Make hay while
the sun shines.
ftemuda de pasturage haze bizer-
ros gordos, Sp. Change of pas-
ture makes fat calves.
Saggio fanciullo 6 chi cognosce il
suo vero padre, It. He is a
wise child who knows his own
father.
Sempre il mal non vien per nuo-
cere, It. Misfortune does not
always come to injure.
Se non e vero, e ben trovato, It.
If not true, 'tis well feigned.
Soccorso non venne m;ii
It. Help never comes too late.
Songea sont mensonges, Fr.
Dreams are lies.
Stavo Lene, ma, per star meglio,
sto qui, Jt. I was well, but
wishing to be better, I am here.
Tanto boon, che val niente, It. So
good as to be good for nothing.
Tomava la por rosa, ma,s devenia
cardo, It. I took her for a rose,
but she proved a thorn.
Troppo disputare la verita fa er-
rare, It. Too much dispute puts
truth to flight.
Una scopa nuova spazza bene, It.
A new broom sweeps clean.
Una volta forfante, e sempre for-
fante, It. Once a knave, always
a knave.
Un cabello haze sombra, Sp. The
least hair makes a shadow.
Vera prosperita e non haver ne-
cessita, It. 'Tis true prosperity
to have no adversity.
Verdad es verde, Sp. Truth is
green.
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED.
A. or Ana. Answer
A. Adjective.
A. A. S. Fellow of the American
Academy.
A. B. (Artium JBaccalaureus),
Bachelor of Arts.
Abbr. Abbreviated.
A. B. C. F. M. American Board of
Commissioners for Foreign
Missions.
Abp. Archbishop.
A. C. (Ante Christum), Before
Christ.
Act. Account.
A. C. S. American Colonization
Society.
A. D. (Anno Domini), In the year
of our Lord.
Ad. Adverb.
Adj. Adjutant.
Adrn. Admiral.
Admr. Administrator,
ffit. Aged ; of age.
A. F. B. S. American and Foreign
Bible Society.
A. II. M. S. American Home Mis-
sionary Society.
Ala. Alabama.
Alt. Altitude.
A.M. (Artium Magister), Master
of Arts. (Anie meridiem), Be-
fore noon. (*4nno munch'), In the
year of the world.
Am. American.
Amt. Amount.
An. (-4nno), In the year.
Ana. In medicine, in like quantity.
Anat. Anatomy.
Anon. Anonymous.
Apr. April.
Ap. Apostle.
Ar. Arabic.
Arch. Architecture.
Ark. Arkansas.
A. S. Anglo-Saxon.
Att. Attorney,
Atty. Gen. Attorney General.
A. U. C. (Anno Urbis Conditce), In
the year from the building of
the city, i. e. Home.
Aug. August.
B. A. Bachelor of Arts; British
America.
Bal. Balance.
Bart, or Bt. Baronet.
Bbl. Barrel.
B. C. Before Christ.
B. C. L. Bachelor of Civil Law.
B. D. Bachelor of Divinity.
Bd. Bound.
Bk. Bank ; Book.
B. L. Bachelor of Laws.
B. M. Bachelor of Medicine.
Bot. Botany.
Bp. Bishop.
B.V. (Beaia Virgo), Blessed Virgin
C. (Centum), A hundred; coiifc
centime.
612
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED.
C. or Cap. (Oapul), Chapter.
C. or Cent. (Centum), A hundred.
Cal. California ; Calendar.
Cant. Canticles.
Cap. Capital.
Caps. Capitals.
Capt. Captain.
Cash. Cashier.
C. B. Companion of the Bath.
C.C.C. Corpus Christi College.
C. E. Canada East; Civil Engi
neer.
Cf. (Confer), Compare.
Cent. (Centum), A hundred.
C. H. Court-House.
CU. Church.
Chap. Chapter.
Chem. Chemistry.
Chron. Chronicles.
Cl. Clerk.
C. J. Chief-Justice.
Co, Company ; County.
Cochl. (Cochleare), A spoonful.
CoL Colonel: Colossians.
Coll. College.
Com. Commissioner; Commo-
dore; Committee; Commerce.
Con. (Contra), In opposition.
Cong. Congress.
Const. Constable.
Cor. Corinthians.
Cor. Sec. Corresponding Secre-
tary.
C. P. Common Pleas.
C. P. S. Keeper of the Privy Seal.
C. R. Keeper of the Rolls.
Cr. Credit or Creditor.
Grim. Con. Criminal Conversation,
or Adultery,
C. S. (Gustos Sigilli), Keeper of
the Seal.
Ct. Cent-- Connecticut; Count;
Court
Cts. Cents.
C. W. Canada West.
Cwt. A hundred weight.
D. (Denarius), A penny.
Dan. Danish ; Daniel.
D. C. L. Doctor of Civil Law.
D. D. (Dii-initatis Doctor), Doctor
of Divinity.
Dea. Deacon.
Dec. December.
Deg. Degree.
Del. (Delineavit, ho drew it.) En-
graved on a copper plate, with
the name of the draftsman.
Del. Delete.
Den. Denmark.
Dept. Department.
Deut. Deuteronomy.
1). a. (Dei Gratia), By the grace
of God.
Diet. Dictionary; Dictator.
Dist. District.
Do. Ditto; the same.
Dolls. Dollars.
Doz. Dozen.
Dr. Debtor ; Doctor.
D. V. (.Deo volente), God willing,
Dwt. Pennyweight.
E. East ; Earl.
Ecclus. Ecclesiasticua
Ed. Edition ; Editor.
E. E. Errors Excepted.
E . F. East Florida.
E. O. (Exempli gratia), For ex-
ample.
E. I. East Indies.
En eye. Encyclopedia.
K. N. E. Eaat-Northeast.
Eng. England; English.
Ep. Epistle.
Eph. Ephesians.
E. S. E. East-Southeast.
Esq. Esquire.
Et. al. ( Et alia), And others.
Etc. (Et ccetera), And so forth.
Ex. Example; Exception; Exodus
Exc. Excellency.
Exr. Executor.
Ezek. Ezekiel.
P France; Florin.
Fahr. Fahrenheit.
Feb. February.
Fern. Feminine.
Fig. Figure.
Flor. or Fa. Florida.
Fo. Folio.
Fr. France ; Francis ; French.
F. G. S. Fellow of the Geological
Society.
F. R. S. Fellow of the Royal So-
ciety.
F. S. A. Fellow of the Society of
Arts.
Ft. Feet ; Foot j Fort.
Fth. Fathom.
Fur. Furlong.
a. Georgia.
Gal GalatianSc !-
Gall. Gallons.
*. B. Great Britain,
jen. Genesis ; General.
jent. Gentlemen.
Greo. George ; Georgia.
jeoL Geology.
j!eom. Geometry,
Ger. German.
Gov. Governor.
S. M. Grand Master.
. R. (Georgius Rex), George the
King.
Jr. Greek ; Grains.
Gram. Grammar ; Gross.
I. or Hr. Hour.
H. B. M. His or Her Britannic
Majesty.
H. C. M. His or Her Catholic
Majesty.
leb. Hebrews.
H.E.I.C. Honourable East India
Company.
Hil. Hilary.
Hhd. Hogshead.
Hist. History.
Ion. Honourable.
I. R. H. His Royal Highness.
I. R. House of Representatives.
H. J. (Eic jacet), Here lies.
lund. Hundred.
or Isl. Island.
a. Indiana.
b. or Ibid (Ibidem), In the same
place.
d. (Idem), The same.
.e. (Idest), That is.
. H. S. (Jesus Hominum Saloator),
Jesus the Saviour of men.
ncog. (Incognito), Unknown,
n. Inch.
n loc. (in loco), In the place.
.N.R.I. (lesus Natarenua, Rex
Judceorum), Jesus of Nazareth,
King of the Jews,
nd. India ; Index ; Indiana,
nst. Instant the present month,
nt. Interest.
. O. of O. F. Independent Order
of Odd Fellows. *
Isa. Isaiah.
It. Italian ; Italy.
Itin. Itinerary.
J. Judge.
Jac. Jacob.
Jas. James.
Jam. Jamaica.
Jan. January.
J. H. S. (Jesus Hominum Salvator),
Jesus, Saviour of Mankind.
Jno. John.
Jona. Jonathan.
Jos. Joseph.
Josh. Joshua.
J. P. Justice of the Peace.
Jr. or Jun. Junior.
Jul. July.
Jul. P. Julian Period.
K. King.
K.A. Knight of St. Andrew.
Kan. Kanzas.
K.B. Knight of the Bath ; King's
Bench.
K. C. Knight of the Crescent;
King's CounciL
K.C.B. Knight Commander of the
Ky. Kentucky. [Bath.
K.G. Knight of the Garter.
K.G C. Knight of the Grand Cross.
K-G.C-B. Knight of the Grand
Cross of the Bath.
K.M. Knight of Malta,
Kt. Knight-
K S.L Knight of the Star of India.
K.T. Knight of the Thistle.
L. Lady ; Latin ; Lord.
L. (Liber), Book.
L orlb. (Libra), A pound in weight.
L., 1. or . A pound sterling.
La. Louisiana.
Lat. Latin ; Latitude.
L.C Lower Canada ; Lord Chan-
cellor.
L.C. or l.c- (Loco citato). In the
place before cited.
Ld. Lord.
dp Lordship.
egis Legislature,
ev. Leviticus.
!j.I. Long Island.
1/ieut. Lieutenant.
jL.B. (Legum Baccalaureus) ,
Bachelor of Laws.
LL.D. (Legum Doctor), Doctor of
Laws.
on. Longitude,
jond. London.
. S. (Locus Sigilli) Place of the Seal.
L. S. D. Pounds, Shillings, and
Pence.
M. Marquis; Meridian; Mile;
Monsieur; Morning; (Mille),
Thousand.
tt.A. (Artium Magister), Master of
Arts ; Military Academy:
lac. Maccabees.
VTad. Madam.
Maj Major.
Mai. Malachi.
rlarg. Trans. Marginal Transla-
tion.
ffas. Masculine,
lass. Massachusetts,
rlath. Mathematics.
Vlatt. Matthew.
M. B. (Medicine Baccalaureus),
Bachelor of Physic.
M.B. (Musicce Baccalaweus), Bache-
lor of Music.
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED.
613
M.C. Member of Congress.
M.D. (Medicines Doctor). Doctor of
Physic.
M. E. Methodist Episcopal.
Med. Medicine.
Mem. (Memento;, Remember ;
Memorandum.
Messrs. (Messieurs), Gentlemen;
Sirs.
M. H. S. Massachusetts Histori-
cal Society.
Miu. Mineralogy.
Miss, or Mi. Mississippi.
MM. Messieurs ; Gentlemen.
Mo. Missouri ; Month.
M.P. Member of Parliament.
Mr. Master or Mister.
M.R.C.S Member of the Eoyal
College of Surgeons.
M.R.I. A, Member of the Eoyal
Irish Academy.
Mrs. Mistress.
MS. Manuscript.
M. S. (Memories sacrum), Sacred to
the memory.
MSS. Manuscripts.
Mt. Mount or Mountain.
Mus. Music ; Museum.
N. North; Note; Number.
N. A. North America.
Nat. Natural.
Nath. Nathanael.
N. B. (Nota JBene), Note well;
Take notice.
N. C. North Carolina.
N. E. North-East ; New England.
Neb. Nebraska.
Nem. Con. (Nemine Cvntradicente),
No one contradicting; Unani- I
mously.
Nem. Diss. (Nemine Dissentient*), \
No one dissenting.
Neth. Netherlands.
N. H. New Hampshire.
N. J. New Jersey.
N. Lat. North Latitude.
N. N. E. North-North-East.
N. N. W. North-North-West.
No. (Numero), Number.
Nona. Nominative.
Nov. November.
N.P. Notary Public.
N. S. Nova Scotia ; New Style.
Num. Numbers.
N. T. New Testament.
N. W. North- West.
N. Y. New York.
0. Oxygen.
Ob. (Obut), Died.
Obj. Objective; Objection,
Obt. Obedient.
Oct. October.
O. F. Odd Fellows.
Olym. Olympiad.
Ord. Ordnance.
O. S. Old Style.
O. T. Old Testament.
Oxon. (Oxonia), Oxford.
Oz, Ounces.
P. or p. Page ; Pint j Pipe.
Parl. Parliament.
Payt. Payment.
Pd. Paid.
P. E. Protestant Episcopal.
Per or pr. By the ; as, per yard.
Per an. (Per annum;, By the year.
Per ct. (Pr centum), By the hun-
dred.
Pet. Peter.
Phil. Philip; Philippians.
Pin*. He painted it.
Pk. Peck.
PI. or Plur. Plural.
P. M. (Post Meridiem), Afternoon.
P. M. Post-Master.
P. M. G. Post-Master-General.
P. O. Post-Office.
P. O. O. Post-Office Order.
Pop. Population.
PP. or pp. Pages.
P. P. C. (Pour prendre conoeO, To
take leave.
Pr. By the.
Prep, Preposition.
Pres. President.
Pret. Preterit.
Pro. For ; in favour of.
Prob. Problem.
Prof. Professor.
Pron. Pronoun; pronunciation.
Prop, proposition.
Prot. Protestant.
P. T. or Pro tern. (Pro iempore)
For the time being.
Prov. Proverbs;
Prox (Proximo), Next.
P. S. (Post scriptum), Postscript.
Ps. Psalms. '
Pub. Public; Published.
Q. or Qu. Question.
Q. B. Queen's Bench.
Q. C. Queen's Council.
Q. D. (Quasi dicat), As if one
should say.
Q. E. D. (Quod erat demonstran-
dum), Which was to be demon-
strated.
Q. E. F. (Quod erat faciendum),
Which was to be done.
Q. L. (Quantum libet), As much as
you please.
Qr. Quarter.
Qrs. Farthings.
Q. S. (Quantum Sufficit), A suffi-
cient quantity.
f Quart. *
. ? (Qiuere), Query.
V. (Quod vide), Which see.
V. (Quantum vis), As much as
you will.
R. (Ear), King ; (Eegina), Queen.
R. A. Royal Academy or Academi-
cian ; Royal Artillery.
Rec. or R. Recipe.
Reed- Received.
Rec. Sec. Recording Secretary.
Rect. Rector ; Receipt.
Ref. Reformed.
Keg. Register ; Regular
Regt. Regiment
Rep. Representative ; Republic.
Rev. Revelation ; Reverend.
Rhet. Rhetoric.
R.M. Royal Marines.
R.M.S. Royal Mail Steamer.
B.N. Royal Navy.
Robt. Robert.
Rom. Romans.
Rom. Cath. Roman Catholic,
R.R. Railroad.
Rt. Right.
Rt. Hon. Right Honourable.
Rt. Rev. Right Reverend.
Rt. Wpful. Right Worshipful.
S. Seconds; Shilling; Sign;
South.
S. A. South America.
S.W. South-West.
Sans. Sanscrit.
Sam. Samuel.
Schr. Schooner.
Scil. (Seilicet), To wit ; Namelj.
S.E. South-East.
Sec. Secretary.
Sect. Section.
Sen. Senator; Senior.
Sept. September ; Septuagint.
Serj . Sergeant.
Serv. Servant.
Sing. Singular.
S. Lat. South Latitude.
Sol. Solomon ; Solution.
Sp. Spain ; Spanish.
S. P. G. Society for the Propoga
tion of the Gospel.
S. P. Q. R. (Senatus, Populwsqu
fiomanus), Senate and People o'
Rome.
Sq, Square.
Sq. Ft. Square feet.
Sq. M. Square miles.
Sr. Sir or Senior.
Scil. (Scilicet), Namely.
S.S.E. South-South-East.
S.S.W. South-South- West.
St. Saint ; Street.
S.T.D. (Sacra? T7ieologuB Doctor),
Doctor of Divinity.
S.T.P. (Sacra Theologies Professor),
Professor of Theology.
Sup. Superior.
Stirg. Surgeon.
Sup. C. Superior Court.
S.W. South- West.
Syr. Syria.
S.S.C. Solicitor of the Supreme
Court.
T. Town ; territory.
Text Rec. Received Text.
Theo. Theodore.
Theol. Theology.
Theor. Theorem.
Thess. Thessaloniaus.
Thos. Thomas.
Tim. Timothy.
Tit. Titus ; Title.
T. O. Turn over.
Tr. Translation ; Transpose j
Treasurer.
T. T. L. To Take Leave.
Turk. Turkey.
Typ. Typographer.
U. C. Upper Canada.
U. K United Kingdom.
Ult. (Ultimo), Last, or the last
month.
U.S. United States. (Uti supra),
As above.
U. S. A. United States of Ameri-
ca; United States Army.
U.S.N. United States Navy.
U.S.S. United States Senate.
V. (Fide), See; Verse.
V. C. Victoria Cross.
Va. Virginia.
V.D.M. (Varbi Dei Minister) Mini,
ster of God's Word.
V. i. Verb intransitive.
Vis. Viscount.
Viz. (Videlicet), Namely, To
wit.
Vol. Volume.
Vols. Volumes.
V.P. Vice President.
V.R. (Victoria Rtgina), Queen Vic-
toria.
Vs. ( Versus) Against; In opposi-
tion.
Vt. Vermont.
V. t. Verb transitive.
614 A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
W. West.
Wed. Wednesday.
Wk. Week.
W. I. West Indies.
W. Lon. West Longitude
Wra. William.
W.N.W. West-North- West.
W.S. Writer to the Siernet.
W.S.W. West-South- West,
Wp. Worship.
Wt. Weight,
Xmas. Christmas.
Xn. Christian.
Xnty. Christianity.
Xper. Christopher.
Xt. Christ.
Y. Tear.
Yd. Yard.
Yds. Yards.
Ye. The.
Ym; Them,
Yn. Then.
Yr. Your.
Ys. This.
Yt. That.
Zech. Zechariah.
Zeph. Zephaniah.
Zoology.
&. And.
&c. (Et ccetera), And so forth.
A CONCISE ACCOUNT
HEATHEN DEITIES, HEEOES, &o,
AB'A-BIS, A Scythian priest of
Apollo.
Ab-re-ta'nus, A surname of Jupi-
ter.
A-ean'tha, A nymph beloved by
Apollo.
A-ceVtes, A king of Sicily, who
entertained 2Eneas and Anchi-
ses.
A-hse'men-es, The founder of the
Persian monarchy.
A-ehse'us, Son of Xuthus, from
whom the Achseans, a Grecian
tribe, were descended.
A-eha'tes, A trusty friend of
A-eh'e-ron, Son of Sol and Terra,
transformed into a river in the
infernal regions.
A-ehil'les, Son of Peleus, distin-
guished for his warlike prowess,
and invulnerable except in his
right heel; but at length slain
by Paris in the Trojan war.
A-ci-da'li-a, A surname of Venus,
from
A-cid'a-lus, A fountain at Orcho-
menus, where the Graces
bathed.
A-e'mon, A king of the Titans.
A-e-tse'on, A celebrated hunter,
who, having seen Diana bath-
in, was changed into a stag and
hunted down by his own
hounds.
Ad-man-tse'a, Jupiter's nurse in
Crete, who suspenjded him in
his cradle from a tree, that he
might be found neither in hea-
ven, in the sea, nor on the
earth.
Ad-me'tus, A king of Thessaly
and husband of Alcestis, so fa-
mous for her conjugal heroism.
A-do'nis, A youth famed for his
beauty and beloved by Venus."
SJ'a-eus, Son of Jupiter and
JEgina, famed for his justice
and piety. After death he was
made one of the judges in the
infernal regions.
M-ge'ri-a, See Egeria.
2E-#e'us, A king of Athens, who
gave its name to the JEgean sea,
by being drowned in it.
JE-^I'na, Daughter of the river
Asopus, a favourite mistress of
Jupiter.
.ZE'gis, The shield of Jupiter.
JE'gle, I. One of the Hesperides.
II. The fairest of the Naiads.
2E-gyp'tus, A. king of Arabia,
whose jfifty sons, with the ex-
ception of Synceus, were slain
by their wives, the daughters of
Danaus.
2E-ne'as, A Trojan warrior, son of
Venus and Anchises, celebrated
by Virgil in his ^3neid. He is
distinguished for his pious care
of his father at the capture of
Troy ; and his adventures form
the subject of Virgil's ^Eneid.
2E'o-lus, The god or ruler of the
winds, who resided in the 2Eo-
lian isles.
^s--eu-la'pi-us, Son of Apollo and
god of the healing art.
2E-thal'i-des, A son of Mercury,
permitted to spend one day in
Hades, and the next upon earth,
alternately.
^-to'lus, A son of Endymion,
from whom .ZEtolia was named.
Ag-a-mem'non, brother of Mene-
laus, and commander of the
Grecian forces against Troy.
Ag-a-nip'pe, A fountain at the
foot of Mt. Helicon.
A'jax, One of the bravest of the
Greeks in the Trojan war, a man
of great valour, but without
corresponding powers of intel-
lect.
ATbi-on, A giant, who with his
brother Bergion, endeavoured
to prevent Hercules from cros-
sing the Eh one.
Al-ces'tis, Wife of Admetus,
brought back from Hell by Her-
cules.
Al-cI'des, A name of Hercules.
Al-c-me'na, Wife of Amphitryon,
and mother of Hercules by
Jupiter.
Al-cy'o-ne, A daughter of ^Eolus,
who drowned herself in grief
for her husband, and was turned
into a king-fisher.
A-le-e'to, One of the Furies.
Am'mon, A title of Jupiter.
Am-phl'on, A Theban prince who
cultivated the art of music with
great success.
Am-phi-trl'te, Daughter of Ne-
reus and Doris, and spouse of
Neptune.
Am'y-eus, A king of the Bebry
cians, who used to invite stran-
gers into a wood under a false
pretence, and there slay
them.
An-cse'us, A. king of the Samians,
who, leaving a cup of wine un-
tasted to pursue a boar by which
he was killed, gave rise to the
proverb, " There's many a slip
twixt the cup and the lip."
An-ehl'ses, the father of JEneas.
An-drom'a~ehe, The wife of Hec-
tor, distinguished for her do-
mestic virtues.
An-drom'e-da, Daughter of Ce-
pheus. Her mother, Cassiope,
having boasted herself fairer
than Juno, she was exposed to
a sea-monster, but rescued by
Perseus.
An-tse'us, A monarch of Libya, of
gigantic size and strength, slain
by Hercules.
An'te-ros, The god who avenges
slighted love.
A-nu'bis, An Egyptian god, wor-
r the form of a
shipped under
dog.
Ap-a-tu'ri-a, I. A
festival at
A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC. 615
Cen-tau'ri (Cen'taurs), A Thessa-
lian race, fabled to have been
half men and half horses.
Ce'phe-us, A king of Ethiopia,
father of Andromeda.
Cer'be-rus, The three headed dog
of Pluto, which guarded the
gate of Hades.
Ce'res, The goddess of grain and
harvests.
Chart-tea, A name applied to the
three Graces.
ha'ron, The Son of Erebus and
Nox, who ferried the souls of
the dead over the rivers Ache-
ron and Styx to Hades.
Ghi-mae'ra, A fabulous monster,
slain by Bellerophon.
-Ghlo'ris, The goddess of flowers.
Cir'ce, A noted sorceress, who, by
means of an enchanted cup,
turned men into swine.
Gli'o, The Muse who presided over
history, represented with a half-
opened roll.
-Glo-a-ci'na, A Koman goddess who
presided over the sewers.
lo'tho, The youngest of the
three fates.
Cce'lus, One of the earlier deities,
and the spouse of Terra.
C'o'mus, The god of festivals and
merriment.
'6'pi-a, The Roman goddess of
plenty.
-Gre'on, A king of Thebes, who
promised his sister Jocasta in
marriage to whoever would ex-
pound the riddle of the Sphinx.
-Gu'pid, The son of Mars and Ve-
nus. The god of love.
Athens. II. A title of Minerva.
Aph-ro-dl'te, The Greek name of
Venus.
A 'pis, The Egyptian god of indus-
try, worshipped under the form
of an ox.
A-pol'lo, A deity of the Greeks
and Romans, who presided over
the muses. He was also god of
medicine, divination, and
poetry.
A-ra-ch'ne, A Mseonian maiden,
who challenged Minerva to a
trial of skill in embroidery, and
being insulted by her, killed
herself, and was changed into a
spider.
A-re-op'a-gus, The court of Mars
at Athens.
Ar-e-thu'sa, Daughter of Nereus,
a nymph of great beauty,
changed into a fountain when
pursued by her lover, Al-
pheus.
A-ri-ad'ne. Daughter of Minos,
king of Crete, who, for the love
she bore to Theseus, gave him a
clew of thread which guided
him safely out of the labyrinth
of Crete.
A-ri'on, A famous musician and
lyric poet of Methymna.
Aris-ta3'us, A son of Apollo and
Cyrene, who discovered the use
of honey, rennet, oil, &c.
As-eal'a-phus, A son of Acheron,
who, having asserted that Pro-
serpine bad eaten a pomegra-
nate-seed in the kingdom of
Pluto, was turned into an owl,
for mischief-making.
fiLS-trse'a, The goddess of jus-
tice.
As-tyVnax, Son of Hector and
Andromache, slain by the Greeks
at Troy.
A'te, The goddess of revenge.
Atlas, A Titan and king of Mau-
ritania, who is said to have sup-
ported the world on his shoul-
ders, and was changed into a
mountain.
At'ro-pos, One of the Parcse. Her
duty among the three sisters is
to cut the thread of life.
Au'ge-as, One of the Argonauts,
and afterward king of Elis. His
stables were the scene of the
fifth labour of Hercules, who
cleansed them from enormous
filth, by turning a river through
them.
Au-ro'ra, The goddess of morning.
BaV-ehus, The god of wine.
Bel-ler'o-phon, Son of Glaucus,
king of Ephyra, who, being
falsely accused by the wife of
Prcetus, king of the Argives,
was sent with a letter from
Proetus to his father-in-law,
commanding him to put the
bearer to death. Hence, "Bel-
lerophontis literae."
Bel-16'na, The goddess of war,
daughter of Phorcys and Ceto,
and sister of Mars.
Ber-e-nl'ce, A Grecian female, the
only one of her sex who was per-
mitted to witness the Olympic
games.
Bi'ceps and Bl'frona, Names of |
Janus, because represented with
two faces.
Bith'i-ae, Women of Scythia, said
to have two apples in each eye,
with which to bewitch and kill
people.
Bo'ua De'a, A name given by the
Romans to Ops or Tellus, wor-
shipped by the Roman matrons,
every thing relating to the
other sex being carefully ex-
cluded.
Bri-a're-us or Brl'a-reus, A famous
giant, feigned to have had
a hundred hands and fifty
heads.
Bri-se'is, A beautiful lady, who, at
the capture of Lyrnessus, fell to
the lot of Achilles.
Bri-se'us, A name of Bacchus to
signify the discoverer of honey.
Bron'tes, One of the Cyclops, who
forged Jove's thunder-bolts.
Bu-si'ris, A king of Egypt, who,
in consequence of an oracle,
offered up strangers on the altar
of Jupiter. Slain by Hercules.
Byblis, The daughter of Miletus,
who loved her brother, and be-
ing avoided by him, wept her-
self into a fountain.
Ga-br'ra or -Ga-bfri, A wife of Vul-
can.
a-bl'rl, The offspring of Oabira,
worshipped at Thebes and Lem-
nos.
-Ga'-eus, A noted robber, fabled to
have had three heads, who stole
the oxen of Hercules.
-ead'mus. The son of Agenor, who
searching in vain for his sis-
ter Europa, and being afraid to
return without her, remained
in Greece and invented sixteen
letters of the Greek alphabet.
Ga-du'ce-us, Mercury's golden
rod, represented by the Egyp-
tians in the form of two ser-
pents, knit together in the mid-
dle.
Cal'-ehas, A famous soothsayer,
and prophet of the Greeks in
the Trojan war.
Gal-ll'o-pe, Mother of Orpheus,
ami chief of the nine muses.
Cal-lis'to, A nymph who attended
Diana, changed by her into a
bear, and placed by Jupiter
among the stars.
a-lyp'so, A nymph who reigned
in the island of Ogygia, and en-
tertained Ulysses for eight
years.
a-mil'la, A warlike Queen of the
Volscians, slain in the war with
JEneas.
?a-moe'no3, A title of the Muses.
Jar-y-a'lis, A title of Diana, as
worshipped at Carya.
Cas-san'dra, Daughter of Priam
and Hecuba, whose prophecies
the Trojans refused to believe.
7as-tari-de9, A name given to the
Muses, from
Cas-tali-us Tons, A celebrated
fountain on mount Parnas-
sus.
Ce'-erops, The founder and king of
Athens, who first instituted-
lawful marriage and the inter-
ment of the dead.
Cyb'e-le, The wife of Saturn,
called the mother of the
gods.
Cy'clops, Giants of enormous
strength, who worked for Vul-
cftn. They had but one eye, in
the middle of the forehead.
Cy-e'nus, A son of Neptune, whom
"his father had made invulner-
able. He was strangled by
Achilles. ' Also a son of Mars,
killed by Hercules.
Cyp-a-ris'sus A youth beloved by
Apollo, who, having by acci-
dent slain a favourite stag-, was
chanu'ed, through grief, into a
cypress.
Dsed'a-lus, A famous artificer of
antiquity, said to have con-
structed wings, with which to
escape from the Cretan laby-
rinth.
Dan'a-e. Daughter of Acrisius,
and mother of 1'erseus.
Da-ua'i-des, The fifty daughters of
Danaus, all of whom, with the
exception of Hypermnestra,
slew their husbands on their
wedding night ; for which crime
they were doomed eternally to
fill with water a tub pierced with
holes.
Daph'ne, A nymph beloved by
Apollo, but who chose rather
to be changed into a laurel than
yield to his wishes.
Dar'da-nus, Son of Jupiter and '
Electra, who, having slain hia
brother Jasius, fled into Asia
and founded the city of Troy.
616 A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETO,
Dej-a-nl'ra, The wife of Hercules,
who killed herself because she
had sent to her husband a shirt
dipt in the blood of the centaur
Nessus: to escape the agony
occasioned by which, he burnt
himself on mount (Eta.
De'li-a and De'li-us, Names of
Diana and Apollo from Delos,
where they were born.
Del'phl, A city of Phocis, on the
hill of Parnassus, where a cele-
hrated oracle of Apollo was.
Deu-ca'lion, Son of Prometheus,
king of Thessaly, who, with his
wife Pyrrha, was preserved in a
small boat from a flood which
drowned the rest of Greece, and
lauding on mount Parnassus,
repeopled the country.
Di-a'na, The twin sister of Apollo,
who, out of love for chastity,
retired to the woods and spent
her time in hunting, in com-
pany with her nymphs.
Dl'do, A queen of Carthage, who
killed herself because deserted
by jEneas.
Dl-o-me'des, A king of Thrace,
whose horses fed on human
flesh ; also a Grecian hero, who
assisted Ulysses to carry off the
Palladium from Troy.
Dl-6'ne, A sea-nymph, and mother
of Venus.
Dl'rae, A name applied to the
Furies on account of their
cruelty.
Dis-eor'di-a, The goddess of dis-
content, banished from heaven
for exciting divisions among the
gods.
Dry'a-des (Dry'ads), Nymphs who
presided over the woods.
E-ehl'on, One of those who as-
sisted Cadmus to build Thebes.
E-eh'6, A nymph who fell in love
with Narcissus, but, being
slighted by him, pined away to
a skeleton, having nothing left
but her voice.
E-ge'ri-a, A nymph of Aricia, in
Italy, the spouse and instruct-
ress of Numa.
El-eu-sin'i-a, Secret festivals, held
at Athens in honour of Ceres, to
which none were admitted who
had been guilty of any notori-
ous crime.
E-lys'i-um, The place assigned for j
the residence of good men after
death.
En-dym'i-on, A shepherd whom
Cynthia cast into a deep sleep
that she might kiss him.
E-pe'us, Son of Panopeus and
fabricator of the wooden horse,
by means of which Troy was
taken.
Eph-i-al'tes, A giant, the son of
^eptune, who, with his brother
Otus, was hurled by a thunder-
bolt into the infernal regions,
for waging war with heaven.
E-ra'to, The Muse who sings of
love and marriage.
Er'e-bus, A dark and gloomy re-
gion in the lower world, between
Earth and Hades.
E-riK'o-ne, A daughter of Icarius,
who killed herself through
grief, because her father, having
intoxicated some shepherds,
was killed by them.
Er-y-ci'na, A name of Venus, from
mount Eryx, where she was
worshipped.
E-te'si-a, The Etesian winds,
which blew from the north for
forty days after the setting of
the Dog-star.
Eu-men'i-des, A name of the
Furies.
Eu-ro'pa, The daughter of Agenor,
carried off into Crete by Jupiter
under the form of a white bull.
Eu-ry'a-le, The daughter of Mi-
nos, king of Crete, and mother
of Orion.
Eu-ryd'i-ce, The wife of Orpheus,
to regain whom he descended
to the lower world; Pluto
yielded to his prayer on condi-
tion that he should not look up-
on her until they reached the
light, which condition he was
unable to fulfil, and was obliged
to return without her.
Eu-ter'pe, The Muse who pre-
sides over music.
Fab-u-li'nus, The god who teaches
infants to speak.
Fates, Goddesses who presided
over human destiny.
Fau'na, A goddess of the Latins,
probably identical with the
Boua Dea.
Fau'nl (Fauns), Gods of the fields
and woods ; the offspring- of
Fau'nus, A rural deity of the an-
cient Latins.
Feb-ru-a'li-a, A festival of purifi-
cation, in the month of Febru-
ary, which lasted twelve days.
Fid'i-us Di-us, The god of honour
and good faith.
Flo'ra, The goddess 01 Servers and
gardens.
Fu'ries, The goddesses who
avenge in the next world the
sins committed in this. They
are represented armed with
snakes and lighted torches.
Gal'lus, A youth beloved by Mars,
and by him changed into a cock.
Gan'y-mede, The son of Tros, and
successor of Hebe as cup-bearer
. of the skies.
Ge'ry-on, A giant, whose oxen,
after he had killed their master,
Hercules carried into Greece.
Gor'di-us, A Phrygian husband-
man, who tied the gordian knot
of which it was foretold that
whoever loosed it should be-
come king of all Asia. Alexan-
der the Great, being unable to
disentangle it, cut the rope %vi;h
his sword.
Gor'gons, The daughters- of
Ptorcys and Ceto, who had
power to change men into
stone by their aspect only, and
had dangling vipers instead of
hair.
Gra'ces, Daughters of Jupiter and
Eurynonie, constantly in atten-
dance on Venus.
Gy'^es, A king of Lydia; also a
shepherd, who found a ring, by
means of which he was rencte*.
ed invisible.
Ha'd?s, The place of departed
spirits, comprehending both
Elysium and Tartarus.
Har-py'i-sB (Harpies), Winged
monsters, having the faces of
women, but the bodies, wings,
and claws of birds of prey.
He' be, The goddess of youth, and
cup-bearer to the gods, until
superseded by Ganymede, on
account of her awkwardness.
Hee'a-te (Hec'ate), Goddess of the
lower regions, the same with
Luna in heaven and Diana on
earth.
Hee'tor, The son of Priam, and
the bravest of the Trojans, but
slain by Achilles, who dragged
his body round the walls of
Troy.
Hel'e-na (Helen), A woman of
surpassing beauty, who was the
cause of the Trojan war by for-
saking her husband Menelaus,
for Paris, son of Priam.
Hel'e-nus, A son of Priam and
Hecuba, spared by the Greeks
on account of his skill in divi-
nation.
Hel'i-eon, A hill of Boeotia, sacred
to Apollo and the muses.
Her'-eu-les, The son of Jupiter
and Alcmena, celebrated for his
great strength.
Her'mse, Statues of Mercury, in
use among the Athenians.
Her'mes, Mercury among the
Greeks.
He'ro, A beautiful priestess of
Venus at Sestus, and the mis-
tress of Leander, who used to
swim the Hellespont to meet
her. In one of the excursions he
was drowned.
Hes-per'i-des, The daughters of
Hesperus, who were command-
ed by Juno to watch the trees
bearing golden apples.
Hip-pom'e-nes, A Grecian prince,
who, by means of the golden
apples of Venus, got the start
of Atlanta in the race, and so
won her.
Hip-po'na, The goddess of
horses.
Hy'a-des, Nymphs of Dodona, to
whom Jupiter confided the nur-
ture of Bacchus.
Hy'dra, A water-serpent with
fifty heads, killed by Hercules
in the marsh of Lerna.
Hy-ge'ia, The goddess of health.
Hy'men, The god of marriage and
nuptial ceremonies.
I-a-e'-ehus, A surname of the Gre-
cian Bacchus.
I-e'a-rus, Son of Daedalus, who
escaped from Crete with his
father, by means of wings,
which fell to pieces when heated
by the sun, so that he fell into
the sea called after him, the lea-
rian sea.
I'lus, A son of Tros and Callirhoe,
from whom Troy was called
Ilium.
I'o, The daughter of Inach.ua,
A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC. 617
worshipped by ths Egyptians
under the name of Isis.
Iph-i-<7e-ni'a, Daughter of Aga-
memnon, who, when standing
ready to be sacrificed to ap-
pease the rage of Diana, was by
that goddess carried off to
Tauris and made a priestess.
I'ris, The messenger of Juno,
who transformed her into a
rainbow.
Ix-i'on, the father of the centaurs.
Having boasted an intimacy
with Juno, he was cast into hell
and bound to an ever-revolving
wheel.
Ja'nus, The most ancient of the
gods in Italy. He entertained
Saturn on his arrival in that
country, and introduced the
use of wines, altttrs, and tem-
ples. He is represented with
two faces, looking- backward
and forward, to denote the past
and the future.
Ja'son, A prince of Thessaly, who,
with the aid of Medea, brought
away the golden fleece from
Colchis.
Ju'no, Daughter of Saturn, and
sister and wife of
Ju'pi-ter, The supreme god of the
Romans, and the father of men
and gods; identical with the
Grecian Ztvc (Zeus).
La'ius, Son of Labdacus, king of
Thebes, and father of (Edipus.
Lam'i-88, Fabulous monsters, who
assumed the most seductive
forms to insnare young persons,
whom they devoured.
La-oe'o-on, A Trojan priest, who,
having offended Pallas by pierc-
ing with his spear the wooden
horse, when brought into 'i roy,
was destroyed by serpents, to-
gether with his two sons;
La'res, Gods of inferior power,
who presided over houses and
families.
La-vm'i-a, The daughter of Lati-
nus, who married ^neas, after
his victory over Turnus.
Le-an'der, A youth of Abydos, the
lover of H ero.
Le'da, The daughter of Thestius,
said to have laid two esgs ;
from one of which came Pollux
and Helena, and from the other
Castor and Clytseranestra.
Ler'na, A famous marsh near Ar-
gos, where Hercules slew the
fifty-headed Hydra.
Le'the, A river of the lower world,
whose waters caused a total for-
ge tfulness of the past.
Lu-cl'na, The goddess of child-
birth.
Lu'ci-fer, The name of the planet
Venus when seen in the morn-
ing.
Lu per-ea'li-a, A festival of Pan
in the month of February.
Lu-per'ci, Priests of Pan.
Ly-ea'on, A king of Arcadia, who
having served up for Jupiter a
Molpssian hostage, was struck
by lightning and turned into a
wolf.
Mara, The god of war.
Mar'sy-as, A satyr, who, havin^
challenged Apollo to a trial o
skill in music, was defeated an
flayed alive by him.
Me-de'a, Daughter of .ffietea, king
of Colchis, through whose as
sistance Jason secured th
golden fleece.
Me-du'sa, One of the three Gor
gous.
Mel-pom'e-ne, The Muse who pre
sided over sad and mournfu
subjects.
Men-e-la'us, King of Sparta auc
husband of Helen whose elope
ment caused the Trojan war.
Men'tor, A faithful friend o
Ulysses, and left in charge b
him of his domestic affairs.
Mer'-eu-ry, The messenger of Ju
piter, the god of eloquence, the
patron of merchants anc
thieves.
Ml'das, A foolish king, who en
treated Bacchus that every
thing which he touched migh
be turned into gold.
Mi lo, A wrestler who carried an
ox the distance of a furlong.
Mi-ner'va, The goddess of wisdom
and the liberal arts.
Ml'uos, A king and lawgiver o
Crete ; after death, made a jr.dge
in the lower regions.
Mo'mus, The god of ridicule, who
censured Venus herself on ac-
count of the noise made by her
sandals.
Mor'phe-us, The god of sleep and
dreams.
Mu'aes, Nine goddesses, who pre-
sided over poetry, music, and
the liberal arts and sciences
daughters of Jupiter and Mne-
mosyne.
Na'iads, Nymphs of springs and
fountains.
Nar-cis'sus, a beautiful youth who
slighted the love of Echo and
other nymphs, and died for love
of his own face as seen in a
fountain.
Nem'e-sis, A Greek deity; the
personification of the righteous
anger of the gods.
Nep'tune, The god of the sea.
Ne're-ids, Nymphs of the sea.
Nes'sus, A celebrated Centaur,
whose tunic, rendered poison-
ous Ly the blood that flowed
from his wounds, caused the
death of Hercules.
Nes'tor, The son of Neleus and
Chloris, one of the most perfect
characters in Homer's Odyssey,
distinguished for his wisdom
and virtues.
Nl'o-Le, The daughter of Tanta-
lus, who wept herself into a
stone, through grief at the
death of her children.
Oe-ea'si-a, The goddess of oppor-
tunity, feigned to have one lock
of hair on her forehead, by
which she must be seized, if at
all.
0-ce'a-nus, The most ancient god
of the sea, and father of the
nymphs presiding over springs
and rivers.
(Edi-pus, A king o! Thebes who
solved the riddle of the Sphinx,
unwittingly killed his father,
married his mother, and after-
ward ran mad, and tore out his
own eyes.
Om'pha-le, A queen of Lydia, for
love of whom Hercules bacame
a slave, exchanged his club for
a spindle and distaff, and suf-
fered himself to be beaten with
her slipper.
Ops, A name of Cybele.
O-re'a-des, (O're-ads) Nymphs of
the mountains who accompani-
ed Diana in hunting.
Or'phe-us, A poet, musician, and
philosopher, whose skill in mu-
sic was fabled to have moved
the very rocks and trees.
O-ri'on, A celebrated hunter,
changed after death into the
constellation of the same name.
0-sl'ris, The son of Jupiter and
Niobe, who first taught the
Egyptians husbandry, arid was
worshipped by them under the
form of an ox, called Apis.
Os'sa, A lofty mountain of Thes-
saly, once the residence of the
Centaurs. It was one of the
mountains which the giants, in
their wars against the gods,
heaped on one another to mount
into heaven.
Pse'an, A name of Apollo.
Pa-e-to'lus, A celebrated river of
Lydia, in which Midas washed
himself when his touch turned
every thing to gold, and from
this it ever after rolled golden
sands.
Pa'les, The goddess of husbandry
and feeding cattle.
Pal-la' di-um, A wooden image of
Pallas, on the possession of
which the security of Troy was
supposed to depend. It was
stolen from Troy by Ulysses and
Diomede.
Pan, The god of shepherds, hunt-
ers, and country sports.
?an-do'ra, The iivst created fe-
male, endowed by Venus with,
beauty, and presented by Jupi-
ter with a box, containing all
kinds of misfortunes, which she,
through curiosity, let loose
upon the world; only hope re-
maining at the bottom of the
box.
Par cae, The poetical Fates.
" J ar'is, The son of Priam, king of
Troy. He decided the contest
of beauty between Juuo, Pallas,
and Venus, in favour of the lat-
ter; who, in return, enabled
him to carry off Helen. This
act occasioned the Trojan war.
J ar-then'o-pe, A Syren, who
drowned herself because she
could not, by the sweetness of
her voice, shipwreck Ulysses.
J eg'a-sus, A winged steed, the
favourite of the muses and
Apollo.
'e-na'tes, Household gods, differ-
ing from the Lares, who were
of human origin.
618 A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
Pe-nel'o-pe, the wife of Ulysses
who, being pressed by suitors
during his absence, made them
Sromise to delay until she
nished a web which she was
then weaving, and of which she
unravelled at night, what sh
wove by day.
Per'dix, The nephew of Daedalus
thrown from a tower by his
uncle, and changed into a par
tridge.
Pha'e-ton, the son of Phcebus and
Clymene, who obtained from
his father permission to drivf
his chariot for a single day
but, being unable to manage th<
fiery steeds, was hurled bj
Jupiter into the river Erida
nus, to prevent a general con
flagration.
Phi-lo-me'la, Daughter of Pan
diou, king of Athens. She was
changed into a nightingale.
Phin'e-us, A king of Thrace, who,
having blinded and imprisoned
his children on a false accusa-
tion, was himself struck blind
and tormented by the Harpies.
Phle'^y-as, A king of the Lapithse,
who, having burnt the temple
of Apollo, was placed in hel]
under a great stone, apparently
about to fall at every moment.
Phce'bus, A title of Apollo, as god
of the sun.
Phca'nix, A fabulous bird, men-
tioned by Herodotus as appear-
ing but once in five hundred
years.
Pi-er'i-des, Name for the Muses;
also the daughters of Pierius,
changed by the Muses into
magpies for challenging them to
sing.
Ple'ia-des or Ple-i'a-des, The seven
daughters of Atlas and Pleione,
transformed into the constella-
tion of that name.
Plu'to, The god of Hades.
Plu'tus, The god of wealth, repre-
sented as lame in his approach,
but winged in his departure.
Pol-y-hyrn'ni-a, The muse who
presided over singing and rhe-
toric.
Pol-y-phe'mus, A giant who had
but one eye, in the middle of his
forehead, which Ulysses burnt
out with a firebrand, having
first made him drunk.
Po-mo'na, The goddess of orchards
and fruits.
Prl'am, The last king of Troy, the
father of Hector, Paris, &c.
Pro-crus'tes, A savage robber,
who placed his captives on a
couch, and, if too short,
Stretched them out, but, if too
long, lopped them to fit it.
Pro-me'the-us, The son of lapetus
who, having stolen fire from
heaven, was bound fast on
mount Caucasus and tormented
by a vulture, which fed continu-
ally upon his liver.
Pros'er-plne, The wife of Pluto
and queen of Hell.
Pr5'te-us, One of the gods of the
sea, who foretold future events,
and possessed the power of
transforming himself into vari-
ous shapes.
Psy'-ehe, A nymph beloved by
Cupid. She was made immor-
tal by Jupiter.
Pyr'rhus, Son of Achilles, and,
like his father, cruel and vindic-
tive. He distinguished himself
at the siege of Troy.
Py'thon, A huge serpent, killed
by Apollo, who instituted the
Pythian games in commemora
tion of the event.
Quad'ri-frons, Janus, when repre-
sented with four faces.
Quin-qua'tri-a, A festival in honour
of Minerva.
Quir-i-na'lis, One of the hills of
Rome; also a gate of the city.
Qui-ri'nus, A surname of Mars
among the Romans.
Rax-a'na, A Persian woman taken
prisoner by Alexander, who be-
came enamoured of her and
married her.
Re'mus, The brother of Eomu-
lus, exposed together with him
by the cruelty of his grand-
father.
Rhad-a-man'thus, A law-giver of
Crete, famous for his justice and
equity; whence he is repre-
sented as one of the judges in
the lower world.
Ehe'a Sil'vi-a, The mother of Ro-
mulus and Remus.
Rhod'o-pe, A mountain in Thrace,
covered all the year with
snow.
Rom'u-lus, The son of Mars and
Rhea Silvia. He was the
founder and first king | of
Rome.
Ros'cius, A Koman actor of great
celebrity.
Ru'bi-eon, A small river that se-
parated Italy and Gaul. Julius
Caesar, by crossing it began the
civil wars of his time.
Ru-bl'go, A goddess at Rome,
particularly worshipped by
husbandmen, as she presided
over corn.
Sali-I, Priests of Mars ; twelve in
number.
Sal-mo'ne-us, A king of Elis,
struck by lightning for imitat-
ing the thunder of Jove.
Sar-dan-a-pa'lus, The last king of
Syria, whose subjects revolted
on account of his effeminacy.
Sat'urn, The father of Jupiter,
who, when banished from the
throne of heaven by his son,
fled for safety into Italy, and
taught the people agriculture
and the useful arts. The time
in which he did this is called
The Golden Age.
Sat-ur-na'li-a, Feasts in honour of
Saturn, in which great licence
was allowed, and slaves were on
an equal footing with their
masters.
Sem'e-16, The mother of Bac-
chus.
e-mir'a-mis, The celebrated
Queen of Assyria, who built the
walls of Babylou-
Sl-le'nus, The foster-father of
Bacchus; hideously deformed
and addicted to drunkenness,
but regarded as the god of ab-
struse mysteries and know-
Sis 'y-phus, A noted robber, who,
for his crimes, was condemned
in hell to roll to the top of a
hill a huge stone, which con-
stantly fell back upon him.
Som'nus, The son of Erebus and
N9x, the god of Sleep.
Sphinx, A fabulous monster
which put out riddles and de-
voured all who were unable to
solve them; killing herself
when (Edipus solved one pro-
posed to him.
Styx, A poisonous stream on the
borders of hell, by which the
gods swore their most solemn
oaths.
Syl-va'nus, A Roman deity who
presided over fields and cattle.
Tan'ta-lus, A king of Lydia, who,
for his misdeeds, was placed in
a lake of water which receded
whenever he attempted to
drink; and surrounded with
all manner of delicious fruits,
which always eluded his
grasp.
Tar'ta-rus, The fabled place of
punishment in the lower
world.
Te-lem'a-ehus, the only son of
Ulysses and Penelope.
Tel'lus, The most ancient of all
the gods after Chaos. She is
honoured under the various
names of Cybele, Ceres, &c., and
is represented as a woman with
many breasts distended with
milk, to denote the fertility of
the earth.
Tem'pe, A valley of Thessaly,
described by the poets as the
most delightful spot on the
earth.
Ter'mi-nus, A divinity at Rome,
who was supposed to preside
over bounds and limits, and to
punish all unlawful usurpations
of land.
Terp-sieh'o-re, The Muse who
presided over dancing.
Tha-H'a, One of the Muses, who
was the patroness of comedy.
The'se-us, or The-seus, Bang of
Athens, and one of the most
famous heroes of antiquity.
Ti'tan, The son of Ccelus and
Vesta or Terra, who dethroned
his brother Saturn and kept
him imprisoned until released
by his son Jupiter.
Tri'ton, The son of Neptune, and
his trumpeter.
Tro'i-lus, Son of Priam and He-
cuba.
Tyn-dar'i-dse, Sons of Tyndarus,
viz., Castor and Pollux.
U-lys'ses, The son of Laertes,
the most eloquent, wise, and
politic leader of the Greeks in
the Trojan war.
U-ra'ni-a, The Muse who presides
over astronomy.
A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE HEATHEN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC. 619
U'ra-nus, the most ancient of the
gods.
Va-eu'na, The goddess of rest and
ease.
Ve'nus, The goddess of love,
gracefulness, beauty, and mirth.
Ver-tum'nus, A deity presiding
over the seasons particularly
Spring.
Ves'ta, A goddess, who, like the
Greek Hestia, presided over the
public and private hearth. Her
temple contained a sacred fire,
tended by virgins, and never
permitted to go out.
Vul'-ean, The son of Jupiter and
Juno, who, with the Cyclops,
forged the thunderbolts of
Jove. He was the god of fire,
and presided over workers in
metal
Xan'tho, A sea-nymph.
Xan'thus, The Scamander, so
called among the god s.
Xan-tip'pe, The wife of Socrates,
remarkable for her ill-humour
and peevishness.
Zeph'y-rus, One of the winds, and
son of A straus and Aurora.
Ze'tes, Son of Boreas and Orith-
nia, and brother to Calais, to-
gether with whom he pursued
the Harpies.
Ze'thus, the son of Jupiter and
Antiope, very expert in music.
Zeus, A name of Jupiter.
APPENDIX.
LIST OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS ORTHOGRAPHY.
THE following Vocabulary comprises nearly all the English,
orthography is now often met with.
words with regard to which a diversity of
"The orthography in the left-hand column is deemed to be well authorized, and in most cases prefer-
able ; but with respect to the authority of that in the right-hand column, there is great- diversity. In
some cases it is nearly or quite as well authorized as that on the left hand, and in some it has but very
feeble support. Both orthographies of some of the words are right, the words being differently spelt when
used in different senses ; as, draught or draft, subtle or subtile, abetter or abettor, canvass or canvas, caliber
or calibre, caster or castor, controller or comptroller, &c.
A
Alchemy
Alchymy
A.
Alcoran
Alkoran
**
Alexipharmic
Alexipharmao
Aam
Awm
Alkahest
Alcahest
Abatis
Abbatis
Alkali
Alcali
Abbey
Abby
Allege
Alledge
Abetter, and
Abettor
Allocution
Adlocution
Abnormal
Anormal
Alloy
Allay
Abreuvoir
Abbreuvoir
Almacantar
Almucantar
Abridgment
Abridgement
Almanao
Almanack
Accessary, and
Accessory
Almonry
Almry, Ambry
Accountant
Acetimeter
Accomptant
Acetometer
Alnager
Alum
Alnagar, Aulnager
Allum
Ache
Ake
Amassment
Amasment
Achieve
Atchieve
Ambassador
Embassador
Acknowledgment
Acknowledgement
Ambergris
Ambergrise
Acronycal
f Acronychal
(.Acronical
Ambs-ace
Amercement
Ames-ace
Amerciament
Addible
Addable
Amiability
Amability
Adipocere
Adipocire
Amice
Amess
Adjudgment
Adjudgement
Amortise
Amortize
Admittible
Admit table
Anademo
Anadem
Adopter
Adapter
Ananas
Anana
Adscititious
Ascititious
Anapest
Anapaest
Adulteress
Adultress
Anapestio
Anaptestio
Advertise
Advertize
Anbury
Ambury
Advoutry
Avoutry
Ancestral
Ancestrel
Advowee
Avowee
Ancient
Antient
Advowson
Advowzcn
Ancientry
Anchentry
Adze
Adz, Addice
Andiron
Handiron
.Edile ; see
Edile
Anemone
Anemony
.Enigma; set
Enigma
Angiography
Angeiography
JEolic; see
.ffiolipile; set
Eolic
Eolipile
Angiology
Augiotomy
Angeiolugy
Angeiotomy
Aerie
Esthetic
Esthetic
Ankle
Annotto, Arnotto
Ancle
Annotta, Arnotta
.Esthetics
Esthetics
Antechamber
Anticbamber
Etiology; U4
Etiology
Antelope
Antilope
Affector
AfiFecter
Antiemetic
Antemetic
Affeer
Affear, Affere
Apostasy
Apostacy
Affiliate
AdfUiate
Aposteme
Apostume
Affiliation
Adfiliation
Apothegm
Apophthegm
Afraid
Affraid
Appall
Appal
Aghast
Agriculturist
Aide-de-camp
Agast
Agriculturalist
Aid-de-camp
Appalment
Apanage
Appallment
f Appenage
(. Appanage
Aisle, church
Isle
Appraise
Apprize
Ajutage
Alchemical
Adjutage
Alchymical
Appraisement
Appraiser
Apprizemeat
Apprizer
Alchemist
Alchymiet
Appraise,
Apprize
622 LIST
OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OB VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY
Appurtenance
Appertenance
Bezant
By z ant
Apricot
Apricock
Biassed
Biased
Arbitrament
Archaeological
Arbitrement
!Archeological
Archaiological
Biestings
Bigoted
(Boastings
1 Beestings
Bigotted
Archaeology
Archeology
Archaiology
Bilge
Billiards
Bulge
Balliards
Archduchess
Archdutchess
Billingsgate
Bilingsgate
Archil
Argol
Orchil
Argal
Binnacle
Bistre
Binacle, Bittaote
Bister
Arquebuse
J Arquebus
(Harquebuse
Bivouac
Bizantine
Biovac
Byzantine
Arrack
A rack
Blanch
Blench
Artisan
Artizan
Blende, (Jfin.)
Blend
Arvel
Arvil
Blithely
Blithly
Asbestos, or
Asbestus
Blitheness
Blithness
Ascendency, or
Ascendancy
Blithesome
Blithsome
Ascendent, or
Ascendant
Blomary
Bloomary
Askance
Askaunce
Blouse, Blowze
Blowse
Askant
Askaunt
Bodice
Boddice
Askew
Askue
Boil, a tumour
Bile
Assafcetida
Asafoetida
Bolt
Boult
Assize
Assise
Bombard
Bumbard
Assizer
Assiser
Bombast
Bumbast
Assuage
Asswage
Bombazette
Bombazet
Athenaeum
Auger
Athaneum
Augre
Bombazine
( Bombasin
(. Bombasine
Aught
Autocracy
Avoirdupois
Awkward
Ought
Autocrasy
Averdupois
Aukward
Borage
Bourgeois
Bourn
Bourse
Burrage
BurgeoiB
Bourne
Burse
Awn
Ane
Bouse
Boose
Axe
Ax
Bousy
Boosy, Boozy
Bowlder
Boulder
B.
Bowsprit
Brakeman
Boltsprit
.Break man
Brainin >
/Brachman
Baccalaureate
Bachelor
Baccalauraafc
Batchelor
Brahmin >
Brawl
(Brahman.
Broil
Bade from, bid
Bad
Brazen
Brasen
Balance
Ballance
Brazier
Brasie
Baldrick
Bawdrick
Brazil
Brasil
Balk
Baulk, Baufr
Brier
Briar
Ballister
Baluster
Balister
Banister
Brokerage
Bronze
Brokage, Brocks
Bronz
Bandanna
Bandana
Brooch
Broach, Broche
Bandolew
Bandolier
Brunette
Brunet
Bandore
Pandore
Bryony
Briony
Bandrol
Bannerol
Buccaneer
Buccanier
Banian
Bannian, Banyan
Buffalo
Buff aloe
Banns
Bans
Buhrstone
Burrstone
Barbacan
Barbican
Bulimy
Boulimy
Barbecue
Barbacue
Bumblebee
Bumblebee
Barberry
Berberry
Buun
Bun
Bark
Barque
Bunyon
Bunion
Barouche
Barouch
Burden
Burthen
Baryta
Baryte
Bui'densome
Burthensome
Baryton
Basin
Baritone
Bason
Burganet
Burin
Burgonet
Burine
Bass, Mus.
Base
Burlesque
Burlesk
Bass-viol
Base- viol
Burr
Bur
Bastinado
Bastinade
Buzz
Buz
Bateau
Batteau
By, n.
Bye
Battledoor
Battledore
Bawble
Bauble
Bazaar
Bazar
.
Beadle
Beadel
Beaver
Bever
Cabob
Kabob
Befall
Befal
Cacique
Cazique
Behoove
Behove
Caesura
Cesura, Cesure
Bellflower
Belflower
Cag, or
Keg '
Belligerent
Belligerant
Calcareous
Calcarious
Bellman
Belman
Caldron
Cauldron
Bellmetal
Belmetal
Calendar
Kalendar
Bellwether
Belwether
Calends
Kalends
Benumb
Benum
Caliber, or
Calibre
Bequeath
Bergamot
Bergander
Berth, in ship
Bestrew
Bequeathe
Burgamot
Birgander
Birth
Bestrow
Calipers
Caliph
Calk
Calligraphy
Calotte
Callipers
Calif, Kaliph
Caulk
Caligraphy
Callot
Betel
Betle
Caloyer
Kaloyer
Bevel
Bevil
Caltrop
Calthrop
LIST OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS ORTHOGRAPHY. 623
Calyx
Calix Chorister
Quirister
Cameo
Camaieu
Chyle
Chile
Camlet
Camblet, Camelet
Chylifactive
Chilifactive
Camomile
Chamomile
Cider
Cyder, Sider
Camphor
Canal, Cannel
Cainphire
Candle, Kennel
Cigar
Segar
fCiiniter
Cannoneer
Canoe
Cannonier
Canoa
(Cantiliver
Cimeter
Scymitar
Cymetar
< Scymetar
Scimitar
Cantilever
< Cantaliver
1. Simitar
(Canteliver
Cion; see
Scion
Canvas, and
Canvass
Cipher
Cypher
Capriole
Cabriole
oltun, v.
Clamm
Car
Carr
Clarinet
Clarionet
Carabine
Carbine
Cleat
Cleet
Carabineer
Carbineer
Clew
Clue
Carat
Caract, Carrat
Clinch
Clench
Caravansary
f Caravansera
(. Caravanserai
Cloak
Clodpoll
Cloke
dodpole
Caravel
Caraway
Carvel
Carraway
Cloff, or
Clothe
Clough
Cloathe
Carcass
Carcase
Clothes
Cloaths
Carle
Carl
Cluck
Clock
Carnelian
f Carnelion
(. Cornelian
Clyster
Cobbler
Glister, Glyster
Cobler
Carolytic
Carolitic
Cocoa
Cacao
Cartel
Chartel
Coddle
Codle
Cartridge
Cartrage
Coeliac
Celiac
Cassada, Cassava
Cassimere
Cassowary
Casava, Cassavi
Kerseymere
Cassiowary
Coif
Coiffure
Coke
Quoif
Quoiffure
Coak
Caste, claaa
Cast
Colander
Cullender
Castellan
Castellain
Colic
Cholic
Caster
Castor
College
Colledge
Castlery
Castelry
Colliery
Coalery
Castrel
CoistreJ, Kestrel
Colter
Coulter, Culter
Catchpoll
Catchpole
Comfrey
Cumfrey
Catchup
Catechise
Catsup, Ketchup
Catechize
Commandery
Commissariat
Commandry
Cominissariate
Catherine
Cauliflower
(Catharine
(Katharine
Colliflower
Compatible
Complete
Concordat
Competible
Compleat
Concordate
Causeway, ot
Cavazion
Caviare
Causey
Cavation
Caviar, Cavier
Confectionery
Confidant, n.
Congealable
Confectionary
Confident
Congelable
Caw
Kaw
Connection
Connexion
Cayman
Caiman
Connective
Connexive
Cedilla
Cerilla
Consecrator
Consecrater
Ceiling
Celt
Cieling
Kelt
Contemporary
Contra-dance
Cotemporary
Country-dance
Celtic
Centiped
Keltic
Centipede
Contributory
Control
Contributary
(Controul
Cess
Sess
(Comptrol
Chalcedony
Calcedony
Controllable
Controulable
Chaldron
Chalder
Controller
Comptroller
Chalice
Calice
Conversable
Conversible
Chameleon
Cameleon
Cony
Coney
Chamois
Champaign
Shamois
Champain
Cony-burrow
Coomb, 4 bus/is.
Coney-borough
Comb
Champerty
Champarty
Copier
Copyer
Chant
Chaunt
n
C Coppinsr
Chap
Chop
L oping
1 Gaping
Chaps
Char, or
Chops
Chare, Chore
Copse
Coquette, n.
Coppice
Coquet
Chase
Chastely
Chace
Chastly
Coranach
f Coronach
(. Coranich
Chasteness
Chastness
Corbel
Corbeil
Cheek, or
Cheque
Cordovan
Cordwain
Checker
Chequer
Corpse
Corse
Cheer
Chear
Correlative
Corelative
Chemical
Chymical
Cosey
Cosy, Cozey
Chemist
Chymist
Cot
Cott
Chemistry
J Chymistry
(Chimistry
Cotillon
Counsellor, oncl
Cotilion
Councillor
Chestnut
Chesnut
Courant
Corant, Couranto
Chiliahedron
Chili aedron
Courtesan
Courtezan
dullness
Chilness
Courtesy
Curtesy
Chimb
Chine
Covin
Covine
Chintz
Chints
Covinous
Covenous
Chloride
Chlorid
Cozen
Cosen
Choir
Quire
Cozenage
Cosenage
Choke
Choak
Craunch
Cranch
Choose
Chuse
Crawfish
Crayfish
624 LIST OF
WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Creak, v.
Creek Dispatch, or
Despatch
Crier
Cryer
Disseize
Disseise
Croslet
Crosslet
Disseizin
Disseisin
Crowd
Croud
Disseizor
Disseisor
Crowfoot
Crow's-foot
Dissolvable
Dissolvible
Cruet
Crewet
Distention
Distension
Crumb
Crum
Distil
Distill
Crusade
Croisade
Distrainor
Distrainer
Cruse, cruet
Cruise
Diversely
Diversly
Crystal
Chrystal
Divest, or
Devest
Cucurbit
Cucurbite
Docket
Doquet
Cue
Queue
Doctress
Doctoress
Cuerpo
Cuish
Querpo
Cuisse
Dodecahedron
Doggerel
Dodecaedron
Doggrel
Cuneiform
Cuniform
Domicile
Domicil
Cupel
Curb
Cuppel, Coppel
Doomsday -book
Dory, Doree
Domesday-book
Dorey
Curb-stone
Kerb-stone
Dote
Doat
Curtain
Courtine
Doubloon
Doublon
Cutlass
Cutlas
Dowry
Dowery
Cyclopaedia
Cyclopedia
Downfall
Downfal
Cyst
Cist
Drachm, or
Dram
Cysted
Czar
Cisted
Tzar, Tsar
Dragoman
fDrogoman
(Druggerman
Draught, or
Draft
D.
Dreadnaught
Driblet
Dreadnought
Dribblet
Drier
Dryer
Dactyl
Dactyle
Drought
Drouth
Daily
Dayly
Dryly
Drily
Daisied
Dazied
Dry ness
Driness
Damaskeen, v.
Damaskin
Duchesg
Dutchess
Damson
Damascene
Duchy
Dutchy
Dandruff
Dandriff
Dulness
Dullness
Danegelt
Daub
Dangelt
Dawb
Dungeon
Dunghill
Donjon
Duughil
Dawdle
Dandle
Duress
Duresse
Dearn
Dern
Dye, colour
Die
Debarkation
Debarcation
Dyeing, colouring
Dying
Debonair
Debonnair
Decoy
Duckoy
Decrepit
Decrepid
.
Defence
Defense
Defier
Deflection
Defyer
Deflexion
Eavesdropper
Eccentric
Evesdropper
Excentric
Deflour
Deflower
Echelon
Echellon
Delft
Delf, Delph
Economics
(Economics
Delphine
Deltoid
Delphiu
Deltoide
Ecstasy
Ecstatic
Ecstacy, Extasy
Extatic
Demain >
Ecumenical
(Ecumenical
Demesne jT
Demean
Edile
./Edile
Demarcation
Demarkation
Eke
Eek
Democrat
Democrate
Embalm
Imbalm
Denizen
Denison
Embank, or
Imbank
Dependant, n.
Dependence
Dependent
Dependance
Embankment
Embargo
Imbankment
Imbargo
Dependent, c.
Deposit
Dependant
Deposite
Embark
Embarkation
Imbark
Embarcation
Desert, n.
Desart
Embase
Imbase
Desolater
Desolator
Embassy
Aaabassy
Despatch, or
Dessert, n.
Dispatch
Desert
Embed, or
Embedded, or
Imbed
Imbedded
Detector
Detector
Embezzle
Imbezzle
Detorsion
Detortion
Embezzlement
Imbezzlement
Detractor
Detracter
Emblazon
Imblazon
Develop
Development
Devest, or
Develope
Developement
Divest
Embody
Embolden
Emborder
Iinbody
Imbolden
Imborder
Dexterous
Dextrous
Embosk
Imbosk
Diadrom
Diadrome
Embosom, or
Im bosom
Diaeresis
Dieresis
Emboss
Imboss
Diarrhoea
Diarrhea
Embowel
Imbowel
Dike, or
Dyke
Embower
Imbower
Dime
Disme
Embrasure
Embrazure
Diocese
Diocess
Empale
Impale
Disburden
Disburthen
(Empannel
Discount
Disfranchise
Discompt
Diffranchise
Empanel, or
J. Impanel
(impannel
Disfranchisement
Dishabille
Diffr an chisement
Deshabille
Empoison
Empoveriah, of
Impoison
Impoverish
Disinthrall
Disk, or
< Disenthrall
tDisinthral
Disc
Empower
Empress
Encage, vt
Impower
Emperess
In cage
LIST
OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHO GRA PHY. 62 5
Encenia
Encffinia
Enchant
Inchant
.
Enchase
Inchase
Encircle
Incircle
Faeces
Feces
Enclose, or
Inclose
Fagot
Faggot
Enclosure
Inclosure
Fairy
Faery
Encroach
Encumber
Incroach
Incumber
Fakir
Falchion
Faquir, Faqueer
Faulchion,
Encumbrance
Incumbrance
Falcon
Faulcon
Encyclopaedia
Endamage
Endear
Encyclopedia
Indamage
Indear
Fantasy
Farther, or
Farthest, or
Phantasy
Further
Furthest
Endict; sea
Indict
Farthingale
Fajrdingale
Endite ; see
Indite
Fatteuer
Fatner
Endorse; sco
Indorse
Fearnauglit
Fearnouglit
Endow
Indow
Fecal
Foecal
Endue, or
Indue
Felly
Felloe
Enfeeble
Infeeble
Felon
FeUon
Enfeoff
Infeoff
Felspar
Feldspar
Enfranchise
Infranchije
Ferrule, or
Ferule
Engender
EncrorLTG
Ingeuder
*Ingorge
Feud
Feudal
Feod
Feodal
4JU &v-l^O
Engrain
Erhance
Ingrain
Inhance
Feudality
Feudatory
Feodality
Feodatory
Enigma
.Enigma
Feuilleinorte
Fueillemorte
Enjoin
Enlard
Injoin
Inlard
Fie
Fiiandera
Felanders
Enlarge
Inlarge
Filbert
FHberd
Enlighten
Enlist
Enlumiue
Inlighteu
Inlist
Inlumine
Filigrane
Filigree
( Filligrane
1 Filagree
(Filligree
Enquire, or
Enquiry, o.-
Enroll
Inquire
Inquiry
Enrol, Inrol
Fillibeg
Filly
Finery, aforgt
Filibeg, Philibeg
Filley
Finary
Enrolment
Inrolment
V
fFirmaun
Enshrine
Inshrine
(. Phirniau
Ensnare, or
Insnare
Fizgig
Fish gig-
Ensure, or
Insure
Flageolet
Flagelet
Entail
Intail
Fleam
Phleme, Fiem
Entanglf
Intangle
Flier
Flyer
Enterpri-tj
Eiithronti
Enterprizo
Inthrone
Flotage
Flotsam
Floatage
Floatsam
EnthymeiMe
Entice
Enthymeai
Intice
Flour, meal
Fleur-de-lis
Flower
Flower-de-luce
Entire
Entirety
Entitle
Intire
Entierty
Intitle, Intitule
Flugelmau
Fluke
J Flugleman
"(Fugleman
Flook, Flowk
Entomb
I ntomb
Fluoride
Fluorid
Entrance, v.
I ntrance
Foetus
Fetus
Entrap
Intrap
Forestall
Forestal
Entreat
Intreat
Foretell
Foretel
Envelop, v.
Envelopment
Envelope
Envelopernent
For ray
Forte, strong yJ3Lt
Foray
Fort
Eolipile
Eolipile
Fosse
Foss
Epaulet
Epigraph
Equerry
Epaulette
Epigraphs
Equery
Foundery, or
Franc, coin
Frenetic
Foundry
Frank
Phrenetic
Equiangular
Equangular
Frenzy
Phreusy
Equivoke
Equivoque
Frieze
Frize
Era
JEra
Frigate
Frigat
Eremite
Heremite
Frit
Fritt
Escalade
Scaladc
Frizzle
Frizle
Eschalot
Shallot, Shalote
Frowzy
Frouzy
Escritoire
Escutcheon
/Escritoir
(. Scrutoire
Scutcheon
Frumentaceo:"*
Frumenty
Frumentacioua
fFurmeuty
(. Furmety
Estafette
Estafet
.im
Frustruui
Esthetics, or
Esthetics
Fuel
Fewel
Estoppel
Etiology
EstOpplc, E&topel
JEti< 1
Fulfil
Fulfilment
Fulfill
Fulfillment
Exactor
Exacter
Fulness
Fullness
Expense
Expence
?"urlough
Fur low
Exsanguioua
Exanguious
Further, or
Farther
Exsect
Exect
Furthest, or
Farthest
Exsiccate
Exiccate
Fusee
Fusil
Exsiccation
Exiccation
Fusileer
Fusilier
Exsiccative
Exiccative
Tuze, n. t or
Fuse
EXSHCCOUS
Exuccous
Extrinsical
Extrinsecal
Exudation
Exsudation
Exude
Exsude
.
Eyry
fee
jabardine
Gaberdine
Galiot
Galliot 40
626 LIST
OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Gallipot
Galoche
Galipot
Goloche
Haggess
Ha-ha
Haggis
Haw-haw
Gamut
Gammut
Hake
Haick
Gangue, in or
Gang
Halberd
HalbertJ
Gantlet
Gantelope
Hale, healttiy
Hail
Gaol, or
Jail
Halibut
Holibut
Garish
Gairish
Halyards
Halliards
Garreteer
Garretteer
Halloo
Hollo, Holloa
Gauge, or
Gauger
Gage
Gager
Hame, or
Handicraftsman
Haum
Handcraftsmaa
Gault
Gait, Golt
Handiwork
Haudywork
Gauntlet, glove
Gantlet
Hards
Kurds
Gayety
Gaiety
Harebell
Hairbell
Gayly
Gaily
Harebrained
Hail-brained
Gazelle
Gaze!
Harem
Haram
Gear
Geer
Harrier
Harier
Gelatine
Gelatin
Harslet
Haslet
Gellyj 669
JeUy
Hatchel, Hackle
Hetchel, Heckle
Genet
Ginnet, Jennet
Haul, to drag
Hale
Gerfalcon
C Gyrfalcou
(. Jerfakon
Haum
Haunch
Hahn, Hawm
Hanch
Germ
Gerrne
Haust, cough
Hoast
Ghastly
Gastly
Hautboy
Hoboy
Ghibelline
Gibelline
Havoc
Havock
Ghyll, ravin*
GUI
Hawser
Halser
Gibberish
Geberish
Hazel
Hazle
Gibe
Gybe, Jibe
Headache
Headach
Giglot
Giglet
Hearse
Herse
Gimlet
Gimblet
Heartache
Heart aeh
Gimmal
Jymold
Height
Hight
Gingle ; see
Girasole
Jingle
Girasol
Heighten
Heinous
Highten
Hainous
Girth, or
Girt
Hemistich
Hemistick
Glair
Glaire
Hemorrhoids
Emeroids
Glave
Glazier
Glede
Glaive
Glasier
Glead
Heptameredo
Herpetology
Hexahedron
Heptameride
Erpetology
Hexaedron
Gloar
Glour
Hibernate
Hybernate
Gloze
Glose
Hibernation
Hybernation
Glue
Glew
Hiccough, or
Hickup
Gluey
Gnarled
Gluy, Glewj
Knarled
Hinderance, or
Hip, v.
Hindrance
Hyp
Gneiss
Gneis
Hip, n.
Hep
Good-by
Gore
Gourmand, or
Good-bye
Goar
Gormand
Hippocras
Hodge-podge
Hoiden
Hippocrass
Hotch-potch
Hoyden
Gormandize
Gourmandize
Holiday, or
Holyday
Governante
Governant
Hollo, Halloo
Holloa, Hollow
Graft
Graff
Holster
Holdster
Graudam
Granddaughter
Granite
Granam
Grandaughter
Granit
Hominy
Homonyme, or
( Homony
(. Hommony
Hcmonym
Grasshopper
Gray, or
Grashopper
Grey
Hone
Honeyed
Hoane
Honied
< Greece
Hoop, or
"Whoop
Greeze, a step
KGrice
(Grise
Hooping-cough, or
Whooping-cough
Whoot
Grenade
Granade
Horde
Hord
Grenadier
Granadier
Horehound
Hoarhound
Greyhound
Grayhound
Hornblende
Hornblend
Griffin, Griffon
Grizzled
Gryphon
Hostler
Household
Ostler
Houshold
Grocer
Grosser
Housewife
Huswife
Grograni
J Grogoram
1 Grogran
Howlet
Hub
Houlet
Hob
Grotesque
Grotesk
Hurrah
Hurra
Groundsill
Groundsel
Hydrangea
Hydrangia
Group
Groupe
Hypothenuse
Hypotenuse
Guarantee, or
Guaranty
Guild, or
Gild
Guilder, or
Gilder
.
Guillotine
Guillotin
Gulf
Gulph
Icicle
Isicle
Gunwale
Gunnel
Illness
Iluess
Gurnet
Gournet
Imbank: see
Embank
Gypsy
Gyre
Gypsey, Gipsey
Imbitter
Imbody, or
Embitter
Embody
Gyve
Give
Imborder
Emborder
\AJ V W
Imbosom
Embosom
Imbound
Embouud
H.
Imbox
Embox
Imbrue
Embrue
Haggard
Hagard
Impair
Empair
LIST
OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS ORTHOGRAPHY. 627
Impanel
Imparlance
Empanel
Emparlance
Jettee, Jetty
Jewellery, o
Jetta, Jutty
Jewelry
Impassion
Empassiou
Jiffy
Giffy
Implead
Imposthume
Impoverish, or
Emplead
Imposturne
Empoverish
Jingle
Jointress
Jole, or
Gingle
Jointuress
Jowl
Incage
Incase
Encage
Encase
Jonquille
Judgment
Jonquil
Judgement
luclasp
Incloister
Enclasp
Encloister
Julep
Junket, or
Jalap
Juncate
Inclose, or
Enclose
Just, n.
Joust
Inclosure, or
Enclosure
Justle, or
Jostle
Incondensable
Incondensibl
Increase
Encrease
Incrust
Encrust
.
Indefeasible
Indefeisibl
Indelible
Indeleble
Kale
Kail, Gail
Indict
Endict
Kamsin
Khamsin
Indictment
Endictmeut
Kayle
Keel
Indite
Endite
Keelhaul
Keelhale
Inditer
Enditer
Keelson
Kelson
Indocile
Indocil
Keg, or
Cag
Indorsable
Endorsable
Kerseymere, or
Cassimere
Indorse
Endorse
Khan
Kan, Kann
Indorsement
Endorsement
Knapsack
Snapsack
Indorser
Endorser
Knarled, or
Gnarled
Indue, or
Endue
Knell
Knel
Inferrible
Inferable
Inflection
Inflexion
Infold
Enfold
.
Infoliate
Enfoliate
Ingraft
Ingraftment
Ingraff, Engraft
Engraft ment
Lackey
Lacquer
ass
Ingrain
Ingulf
Engrain
Engulf
Lair
Lambdoidal
Lare
Lamdoidal
Innuendo
Inuendo
Lance
Launce
Inquire, or
Enquire
Landscape
Landskip
Inquirer, or
Enquirer
Landsman
Landman
Inquiry, or
Enquiry
Lantern
Lanthorn
Insnare, or
Ensnare
Lanyard
Laniard
Install, or
Instal
Launch
Lanch
Instalment
Installment
Laundress
Landress
Instil
Instill
Laureate
Laureat
Instructor
Instructor
Lavender
Lavendar
Insurance
Insure
Ensurance
Ensure
Lea, a plain
Leach, or
Lee, Ley, Lay
Leech, Letch
Insurer
Ensurer
Leaven
Leven
Intenable, or
Intenible
Ledger
Leger
Interlace
Enterlace
Lettuce
Lettice
Interplead
Enterplead
License
Licence
Interpleader
Intkrall
Enterpleader
Inthral. Enthrall
Lickerish
Licorice
Liquorish
Liquorice
Intrinsical
Intrinsecul
Lief
Lieve, Leef
Intrust
Entrust
Lilac
Lilach
Intwine
Entwine
Lily
Lilly
Inure
Enure
Linguiform
Lingueform
Inurement
Enurement
Liniment, and
Linament
Invalid, n.
Invalide
Lintstock
Linstock
Inveigle
Enveigle
Litharge
Litherage
Inventor
Inventer
Llama, animal
Lama
Inwheel
Enwheel
Loadstar
Lodestar
Inwrap, or
Enwrup
Loadstone
Lodestone
Inwreathe
Enwre**
Loath, o.
Loth
Me
He
Loathe, v
.Lotha
Lode, a vein
Load
Lodgement
Lodgment
,
Lower
Lour
Luff
Loof
Jackal
Jackall
Luke
Leuke
Jacobin
Jacobine
Lustring, or
Lutestring
Jag
Jagg
Lye, jrom cuhet
Lie, Ley
Jaeghery
Jagary
Jail, or
Gaol
Jailer, or
Gaoler
.
Jalap
Jalop
Jamb, n.
Jam, Jaum
Maggoty
Maggotty
Janizary
Janissary
Maim, or
Mayhem, Maihem
Janty
Jaunty
Maize
Maiz
Jasmine
Jaunt
Jessamine
Jant
Maladministration, or
Malecontent
Maladministration
Malcontent
Jelly
Gelly
Malefeasance
Malfeasance
Jenneting
CGeniting
t Juneating
Malepractice
Maltreat
Malpractice
Maletreat
628 LIST OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Bfalkin
Maukin
Mall
Maul
.
Malanders
Mallenders
Mameluke
Mamaluke
Nankeen
Nankin
Mandarin
Mandarine
Naught
Nought
Mandatary
Mandrel, and
Mandatory
Mandril
Negotiate
Net, a., clear
Negociate
Neat
Manifestable
Manifestible
Nib
Neb
Manikin
Mannikin
Nobless
Noblesse
Manosuvre
Maneuver
Nombles
Numbles
Mantle, or
Mantel
Novitiate
Noviciate
Mark
Marc
Nozle
Nozzle, Nosie-
Marque, license
Mark
Nuisance
Nusauce
Marquee
Markee
Marquis, or
Marquess
TW i> i (Marshall
Marshal iMareschal
.
Marten, or
Martin
Oblique
Oblike
Martingale
Martingal
Octahedron
Octaedron
Mask
Masque
(Economics ; set
Economics
Maslin, Meslin
Mastlin, Mislin
(Ecumenical
Ecumenical
Mastic
Mastich
Offence
Offense
Matins
Mattins
Offuscate
Obfuscate
Mattress
Matress, MuttrasB
Olio
Oglio
Meagre
Meager
Omer
Homer
Mediffival
Medieval
Opaque
Opake
Meliorate, or
Ameh'orate
Orach
Orache
Menagerie
Menagery
Orison
Oraison
Merchandise
Merchandize
Osier
Ozier
Mere, a pool
Meer
Osmazome
Ozmazome
Metre, arid
Meter
Osprey
Ospray
Mew
Meaw
Ottar
Otto
Mewl
Meawl
Outrageous
Outragious
Mileage
Milage
Oxidate
Oxydate
Milleped
Millrea
Millpede
Millree, Millreia
Oxidation
Oxide
Oxydation
Oxyde, Oxyd
Miscall
Miscal
Oxidize
Ozydize
Misle, Mizzle
Mistle
Oyes
Oyez
Misspell
Mispell
Misspend
Mispend
Misy
Missy
.
Mistletoe 8SJ3".
Pacha
Pasha, Bashaw
Mitre
Miter
Packet
Paquet
Mizzeu
Mizeu
Painim
Paynim
Moccason
' Moccasin
. Moggason
Palanquin
Palette
Palankeen
Pallet
Mocha-stone
Mocho-stone
Palmiped
Palmipede
Modillion
Modillon
Pandore, or
Bandore
M^a^c, (Melasses
Molasses iMolosses
Panel
Pansy
Pannel
Pancy
Moneyed
Mongrel
Monied
Mungrel
Pantagraph \
Pantograph /
Pentagraph
Monodramo
Monodram
Pappoose
Papoos, Po ;
Mood, or
Mode
Parallelepiped
Paralleled i ;
Moresque
Moresk
Paralyze
Paralyse
Morion
Murrion
Parcenary
Parcenery
Mortgageor
Mosque
Mortgager
Mosk
Parol, a.
Paroquet
Parole
Parrakect
Moscheto
Parral
Parrel
Moschetto
Parsnip
Parsnep
Mosquetoe
Partisan
Partizau
Mosquito
Mosquetto
Muscheto
Patin
Patrol
Patine
Patroll, Patrola
Muequito
Muschetto
Paver
Pavier, Pu
Musketc*
Pawl
Paul
Musqueto
Pedler
Peddler, Pedla*
Musquetoe
Pedlery
Peddlery
tMusquitto
Peep
Piep
Mould'
Mold
Penanco
Peunanco
Moult
Molt
Penniless
Pennylesa
Mulch
Mulsh
Pentahedral
Pentaedrak
Mullin
Multip I
Mummery
Murder
Mullein
Multipede
Mommery
Murther
Pentahedron
Pentile
Peony
Perch
Pentaedroa
Pantile
Piony
Pearch
Murderous
Murky
Murtherous
Mirky
Persimmon
Persistence
Persimon
Persistauce
Murrhine
Muscle, and
Musket
Mustache
Myrrbine
Mussel
Musqueb
Moustache
Pewit
Phantasm
Phantom
Phenomenon
Pewet
Fantism
Fantom
Phsenomenon
Myth
My the
Phial, or
Vial
LIST OF
WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY. 629
Philibeg ; see
Philter
Fillibeg
Philtre
K.
Phlegm
Flegm
Phoenix
Phenix
Raccoon
Racoon, Rackoon
Phthisic
Tisic
Raillery
Railery
Picked, or
Piked
Ransom
Ran some
Picket, and
Piquet
Rarefy
Rarify
Picturesque
Picturesk
Raspberry
Rasberry
Pie
Pye
Ratafia
Ratifia, Ratafee
Piebald
Pyebald
Rattan
Ratan
Pimento
Pimenta
Raven, prey
Ravin
Pincers
Pinchers
Raze
Rase
Placard
Placart
Razure
Rasure
Plain, and
Plane
Real, coin
Rial, Ryal
Plane-sailing
Plaster
Plain-sailing
Plaister
Rear
Rearmouse
Rere
Reremouse
Plat, or
Plot
Rearward
Rereward
Plethora
Plethory
Recall
Recal
Pleurisy
Pliers
Plurisy
Plyers
Recognizable
Recognizance
Recognisable
Recognisance
Plough
Plow
Recognize, or
Recognise
Ploughman
Plowman
Recognizee
Recognises
Ploughshare
Plowshare
Recognizer
Recognisor
Plumber
Plummer
Recompense
Recompence
Plumiped
Plumipede
Reconnoitre
Reconnoiter
Pluviameter
Pluviometer
Redoubt
Redout
Poise
Poize
Redoubtable
Redoutable
Poltroon
Poltron
Reenforcement
Reinforcement
Polyanthus
Polyhedral
Polyanthos
Polyedral
Referable }
Referriblej
Referible
Polyhedron
Polyedrou
Reflection
Reflexion
Pomade
Pommade
Reflective
Reflexive
Pommel
Pummel
Reglet
Riglet
Pontoon, and
Pony
Ponton
Poney
Reindeer
jRaindeer
(Rauedeer
Porpoise
Porpus, Porpess
Reinstall, or
ReiustaJ
Portray
Pourtray
Relic
Relique
Portress
Porteress
Renard, or
Reynard
Postilion
Postillion
Rennet, or
Runnet
Potato
Potatoe
Replier
Replyer
Pottage
Practise, v.
Potage
Practice
Reposit
Resin, or
Reposite
Rosin
Prsemunire
Premunire
Resistance
Resistenco
Premise
Premiss
Respite
Respit
Pretence
Pretense
Restiff, or
Restive
Preterite, or
Pretor
Preterit
Praetor
Restiffness
(Restifness
(Restivenesa
Prison-base
Prison-bars
Retch, to vomit
Reach
Probate
Profane
Probat
Prophane
Keverie, or
Reversible
Revery
Reversable
Protector
Protecter
Rhomb, and
Rhumb
Prothonotaryship
Prothonotariship
/'Riband
Prunello
Pumpkin
Prunella
(Pompion
(.Pumpion
Ribbon
\ Riban
1 Ribband
CRibin
Puny, and
Pupillary
Puisne
Pupilary
Rider
Rinse
Ryder
Rince
Purblind
Poreblind
Risk
Risque
Purlin
Purline
Riveted
Rivetted
Purr
Pur
Robbin
Robin
Pur slain
Purslane
Rodomontade
Rhodomontadt*
Pursy
Putrefy
Pussy
Putrify
Roquelaure
Route, course
Roquelo
Rout
Pygmean
Pygmy
Piemean
Pigmy
Rummage
Runuet, or
Romage
Rennet
Pyx
Pix
Rye
Rie
Q-
S.
Fabianism, or
Sabaism
Quarantine
< Quarantain
1 Carentane
Sag, or
Saic
Swag
Saik
Quartet
Quatercousin
Quartett
Catercousin
Sainfoin
Salic
Saintfoin
Salique
Quay, a mole
Key
Saltcellar
Saltseller
Quinsy
fQuinsey
-< Quinzy
Sandarach
3andiver
Sandarac
Sandever
Quintain
( Squinancy
Quintin
sanitary
Sarcenet
Sanatory
Sarsenet
Quintal
Kental, Kentle
Sat
Sate
Quitter
Quittor
Satchel
Sachel
Quoit
Coit
Satinet
Satinett
630 LIST OF
WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Savin
Savine, Sabine
Skate
Scate
Saviour, or
Scalade
Scallop
Savior
Escalade, Scalado
Scollop
Skein
Skeptic : see
Skilful
Skain
Sceptic
Skillful
Scath
Scathe
Skulk
Sculk
Scenery
Sceptic
Scenary
Skeptic
Skull
Slabber
Scull
Slobber
Sceptical
Scepticism
Skeptical
Skepticism
Slake, to quench
Sleight, n.
Slack
Slight
Schist
Shist
Sley, a reed
Slay, Slaie
Schistose
Shistose
Sluice
Sluce, Sluse
Scholium
Scholion
Slyly
Slily
Schorl
Shorl
Slyness
Sliness
Sciagraphy, or
Sciomachy, or
Sciography
Sciamachy
Suiallness
Smirk
Sinalness
Smerk
Scion
Cion
Smoothe, v.
Smooth
Scirrhosity
Scirrhous
Skirrhosity
Skirrhous
Soap
Socage
Sope
Soccage
Scirrhus
f Schirrhus
{ Skirrhus
Socle
Solan
Sokle, Zocle
Soland, Solund
(Cissors
Solder, or
Soder
Scissors
^ Cizars
Soldier
Souldier
(Scissars
Soliped
Solipede
Sconce
Skonce
Solitaire
Solitair
Scotfree
Shotfree
Solvable
Solvible
Scow
Skow
Somerset ~>
f Somersault
Screen
Skreen
Summerset )
| Summersault
Scrofula
Scrophula
Sonneteer
Sonnetteer
Scymitar; see
Cimeter
Soothe, v.
Sooth
Scythe
Sithe, Sythe
Sorrell
Sorel
Seamstress
( Sempstress
(. Semstress
Souse
Spa
Sowse
Spaw
Sear
Sere
Spicknel
Spignel
Scarce
Sarse
Spinach
Spinage
Secretaryship
Seethe
Secretariship
Seeth
Spinel
Splice
Spinelle, Spinell
Splise
Seignior
Seine, a net
Seizin
Signior, Signer
Seia, Seen
Seisin
Sponge
Spongy
Spright
Spunge
Spungy
Sprite
Sellanders
Sellanders
Sprightful
Spriteful
Selvage
Selvedge
Spunk
Sponk
Sentinel
Centinel
Spurt, or
Spirt
Sentry
Sentery, Gentry
{Cecchiu
Stable
Staddle
Stabile
Stadle
Sequin
Chequin
Zechin
Stanch
Stationery, n.
Staunch
Stationary
Sergeant, or
Sergeantry, or
Sess, or
Serjeant
Serjeantry
Cess
Steadfast
Steelyard
Sterile
Stedfast
Stillyard
Steril
Sesspool, or
Sevennight
Shad
Cesspool
Se'nnight
Chad
Stillness
Stockade
Strait, n.
Stilness
Stoccade
Streight
Shard
Sherd
Strap, or
Strop
Shark, or
Shirk
Strengthener
Strengthener
Shawm
Sheathe, v.
Shalm
Sheath
Strew
Stupefy
Straw, Strow
Stupify
Sheer, pure
Sheik
Shear
Sheikh, Sheick
Sty
Style
Stye
Stile
Shemitic, or
Semitic
Subtile, thin
Subtle
Sherbet
Scherbet
Subtle, sly
Subtile
Sherry
Sherris
Subtract
Substract
Shorling
Shoreling
Subtraction
Substraction
Show
Shew
Suit
Suite
Showbread
Shewbread
Suitor
Suiter
Shrillness
Shrilness
Sulky, .
Sulkey
Shroud
Shrowd
Sulphuretted
Sulphureted
Shuttlecock
Shyly
Shyness
Shittlecock
Shily
Shiness
Sumach
Suretyship
Surloin, or
Sumac, Shumao
Suretiship
Sirloin
Sienite
Syenite
Surname
Sirname
Silicious, or
Sill
Siliceous
Cill
Surprise
Surreptitious
Surprize
Subreptitious
Sillabud
Syllabud
Survivor
Surviver
Simar
Chimere, Cymar
Survivorship
Survivorship
Siphon
Syphon
Swag, or
Sag
Siren
Syren
Swale
Sweale
Sirloin, or
Surloin
Sward
Sord
Sirocco
Scivocco
Swath, n.
Swarth
Sirup
Syrup, Sir op
Sweepstakes
Sweepstake
Sit, wincufcata
Set
Swipple
Swiple
Site
Bcite
Swop, or
Swap
Sizar
?izer
fSicamore
Size, glue
Cise
(Sycamine
LIST OF
WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS
ORTHOGRAPHY 631
Sylvan
Silvan
Synonyme, or
Synomym
.
Syphilis
Siphilis
Systematize
Systemize
Umbles
Humbles
Unbias
Unbiass
Unbiassed
Unbiased
Uubigoted
Unbigotted
Unroll
Unrol
Until
TJntill
Tabard
Taberd
Taffety
Taffeta, TafFata
v.
Taffrail
Tafferel
Taillage
Talc, a stone
Tallage
Talk, Talck
Vaivode
Vales, money
Waiwode
VaHs
Tallness
Talness
Valise
Vallise
Talmud
Thalmud
Vantbrace
Vanbrass
Tambour
Tambor
Vat, o vessel
Fat
f Tambarin
Vaudevil
Vaudeville
Tambourine
1 Tambourin
(. Tamborin
Vavasor
J Vavasour
(Valvasor
Tarpauling
( Tarpawling
(. Tarpaulin
Veil, corer
Vender, or
Vail
Vendor
Tartan
Tartane
Veneer
Fineer
Tassel
Tossel
Venomous
Venemous
Tawny
Tease
Tawney
Teaze
Verdigris
/Verdigrise
1 Verdigrease
Teazle, Teasel
Tenable
Tassel, Tazel
Tenible
Vermilion
f Vermillion
(. Virmilion
Terrier
Tarrier
Vermin
Vermine
Tether
Tedder
Verst
Berst, Werst
Tetrastich
Tetrastick
Vertebre, or
Vertebra
Theodolite
Theodolet
Vervain
Vervane
Thraldom
Thralldom
Vial, or
Phial
Thrash, or
Thresh
Vice, a screw
Vise
Threshold
Threshhold
Vicious
Vitious
Throe, a pang
Thyine, uood
Throw
Thine
Villain, and
Villanous
Villein, Villan
Villainous
Thyme
Ticking, or
Thime
Tieken
Villany
Visitatorial
Villainy
Visitorial
Tidbit
Titbit
Visitor
Visitor
Tie
Tier, a row
&e
Visor
Vitiate
Vizor
Viciate
Tierce
Terce
Vizier
Vizir, Visier
Tiger
Tyger
Volcano
Vulcano
Tincal
Tinkal
Tint
Teint
Tiny
Tyny
Tipler
.
Tithe
Tythe
Wagon, or
Waggon
Toilet
Toilette
Waif
Waift
Toll, to allure
Tollbooth
Tole
Tolbooth
Waive, to defer
Wale
Wave
Weal
Ton, or
Tun
Walrus
Walruss
Tonnage
Tunnage
Warranter, and
Warrantor
Tormentor
Tormenter
War-whoop
War-hoop
Touchy, or
Tourmaline
Techy
Tourmalin
Waul
Wear, v.
Wawl
Ware
Trance
Transe
Wear, n.
Weir, Wier
Tranquillity
Tranquillize
Tranquility
Tranquili ze
Weasand
Welsh
Wesand, Wezand
Welch
Transferable
Transferrible
Whang
Wang
Transference
Transference
Whelk
Welk
Treadle
Treddle
Whippletree
Whiffletree
Treenail
Trenail, Trunnel
Whippoorwill
Wliippowill
Trellis
TreUice
Whiskey
Whisky
Treutals
Trigintals
Whitleather
Whiteleather
Trestle
Tressel, Trussel
Whoop
Hoop
Trevet, or
Trousers
Trivet, Trevit
Trowsers
Whooping-cough
Widgeon
Hooping-cough
Wigeon
Truckle-bed, or
Trundle-bed
Wilful
Willful
Tumbrel, ond
Turkey
Tumbril
Turky
Windlass
(Windlace
jWindlas
Turkois
C Turquois
t. Turquoise
Wintry
Wiry
Wintery
Wiery
Turnip
Turnep
Witch-elm
Weech-elm
Turnsole
Turnsol
With, n.
Withe
Tutenag
fTutanag
(. Tutenague
Withal
Wizard
With all
Wizzard, Wisard
Tweedle
Twiddle, Twidle
Woe
Wo
Twibfl
Twibill
Woful
Woeful
Tymbal
Timbal
Wondrous
Wonderous
Tyro
Tiro Woodbine
Woodbind
532 LIST OF WORDS OF DOUBTFUL OR VARIOUS ORTHOGRAPHY.
VVoodchuck
Woollen
Wreathe, *
Wreck
Wriggle
Yawl
Yearn
Yeast
Yelk, or
Woodchuk
Woolen
Wreatn
Wrack
Biggie
Taul
Tern
Test
Yolk
Yerk
Yew
Zaffre
Zechia; s
Zinc
Zymolog7
Yark
Eugh
Z.
(Zaffir
J Zaffar
(Zaffer
Sequin
Ziuk
Zumology
THE PREPOSITION.
PKF.FOsmoN3 show the relations hetween words, and are generally placed before nouns and pronouns
in the objective case.
There are many nouns, adjectives, verbs, and participles, which are followed by their appropriate
prepositions ; and there are instances in which it is a matter of some difficulty to determine what
preposition is most suitable to be used.
A LIST OF WOEDS WITH THE PEOPER PREPOSITION ANNEXED.
A.
Abandoned to
Abate of
Abhorrence of
Abhorrent to, from
Abide in, at, with, by
Abominable to
Abound in, with
Abridge of, from
Absent from
Abstain from
Abstinence from
Abut on, upon
Accedfi to
Acceptable to
Access to
Accessory to
Accommodate io, with
Accompanied by, with
Accord, v. n. with; v. a. io
Accordance with
According to
Account of, for, to
Accountable to a person ; for a
thing
Accuse o/, by
Acquaint with
Acquaintance with
Acquiesce in
Acquit of
Adapted to
Add to
Address to
Adequate to
Adhere to
Adjacent to
Adjourn to, at, for
Adjudge to
Adjust to
Admonish of, by, against
Admission (access) to; (entrance)
into
Admit of
Advantage over, of
Advise o./, to
Advocate for
Affection for
Affinity to, with, between
Agree with a person ; fo things
proposed ; upon things or con-
ditions
Agreeable to
Aim at
Alienate from
Allude to
Alteration in
Ambitious o/, to
Amenable to
Analogous to
Analogy to, bettreen
Angry with a person ; at a thing
Annex to
Animadvert on, upon
Answer for, to
Antecedent to
.Antipathy to, againat
Anxious about
Apologize /or
Apology for
Appeal fo
Appertain to
Applicable to
Apply to
Apprehensive of
Appropriate to
Approve of
Argue tcith, against
Array with, in
Arrive at
Ask o/a person ; for or after a per-
son or thing
Aspire to
Assent to
Assimilate to
Associate with
Assure of
Astonished at
Atone for
Attached to
Attain to
Attend to
Attentive to
Averse to, from
Aversion to, from
B.
Ballot for
Banish from
Bare of
Bargain for
Bear up, upon, with
Beguile of
Believe in, on
Belong to
Bereave of
Bestow on, upon
Betray to a person ; into a thing
Betroth to
Bigoted to
Bind to, in, up, upon
Blame for
Blush at
Boast oj
Border on, upon
Brag of
C.
Call on, upon, at, for; on R per-
son ; at a house
Capable of
Care for, to
Careful of, for
Careless, of, about
Carp, at
Catch at, up
Caution against
Certify of
Change for, with
Charge on or ogaiiwt a person;
with a thing
Clear of
Coalesce with
Coincide with.
Commune with
Commit to
Communicate to, with
Compare to, in respect to quality ;
with, by way of illustration
Compelled to
Compliance with
Comply with
Composed of
Concede to
Conceive of
Concerned at, for
Concur with, in, on, to
Condemn to
Condescend to
Conduce to
Confer on, upon
Confide in
Conform to
Conformable to
Conformity to
Congenial to, with
Congratulate on, upon
Connect u-ith
Conscious of
Consecrate to
Consent to
Consign to
Consist of, in, with
Consistent with
Consonant to
Consult with
Contend with, against
Contest uith
Contiguous to
634 LIST OF WORDS WITH THE PROPER PREPOSITION ANNEXED.
Contrast witA
Contrary to
E.
Impatient at, for, of
Impenetrable by, to
Conversant in, with, about
Convert to, into
Convict of
Convince of
Copy from, after
Correspond to, with
Correspondence, to, wit?i
Correspondent to
Covenant with, for
Cure of
D.
Dash against, upon
Deal in, by, with
Debar of, from
Decide on, upon
Defend against, from
Deficiency of
Deficient in
Defraud of
Demand of
Denounce against a person; on a
Eager in, for, after
Embark in, for
Embellished w i ih
Emerge from
Employ in, on, upon, about
Emulous of
Enamoured of
Encounter with
Encouragement to
Encroach on, upon
Endeared to
Endeavour after
Endowed wit7i
Endued with
Engaged in, with, for
Enjoin on, upon
Enter on, upon, into
Entrance on, upon, into
Envious of, at
Equal to, with
Equivalent to
Espouse to
Estimated t
Impervious to
Impose on, upon
Inaccessible to
Incapable of
Incentive to
Incorporate into, with
Inconsistent with
Inculcate on, upon
Independent of, on
Indifferent to
Indulge with, in
Indulgent to
Influence over, with, on
Inform of, about, concerning
Initiate into, in
Initiation into
Inquire of, after, for, oloui
Inroad into
Insensible to, of
Inseparable .from
Insinuate into
Insist on, upon
Inspection into, over
Instruct in
thing
Depend on, upon
Dependent on, upon
Deprive of
Derogate from
Derogation .from, to
Derogatory to
Descended from
Deserving of
Estranged from
Exception from, to, agcwnst
Excluded from
Exclusive of
Expelled from
Expert in, at
Exposed to
Expressive of
Insult over
Intent on, upon
Interfere with
Intermeddle with
Intervene between
Intimate with
Introduce into, in
Intrude on, upon, into
Desirous of
Inured to
Desist from
F.
Invested with
Despair of
Irritated against or by a person ; ri
Despoil of
Fall under, on, upon, from
or by a thing
Destined to
Familiar to, with
Destitute of
Fawn on, upon
Detach from
Fearful of
J
Detract from
Deviate from
Devolve on, upon
Feed on, upon
Fight with, against, for
Filled with
"
Jealous o/
Jeer at
Devote to
Dictate to
Fond of
Fondness for
Join with, to
Die of a disease ; by the sword or
Foreign to, from
famine ; for another
Founded on or upon a basis; in
Differ with a person in opinion ;
truth
from a person or thing in some
quality
Different from
Free from
Friendly to
Frightened at
Knock at, on
Known to
Difficulty in
Frown at, upon
Diminish from
Fruitful in, of
Diminution of
Fullo/
L.
Disabled from
Furnished with
Disagree with, to
Laden with
Disagreeable to
Laud at
Disappointed of a thing not ob-
tained ; in a thing obtained
Give to
Laugh at
Lean on, upon, againsi
Disapprove of
Glad of, at
Level with
Discourage from
Glance at, upon
Liberal to, of
Discouragement to
Glow with
Liken to
Disengaged from
Disgusted at, with
Grapple with
Grateful to a person ; /ot a favour
Live in, at, with, on, upon
Loaded with
Dislike to
Dismission from
Disparagement to
Greedy of, after
Grieve at, for
Guard against
Long for, after
Lord over
Dispense with
Guilty of
Dispose of, to, for
Dispossess of
H.
M.
Dispute u-ith
Disqualify for, from
Dissatisfied with
Dissent from
Distinct from
Distinguish from, between
Distrustful of
Divested of
Divide between two ; among many
Hanker after
Happen to, on
Healed of
Hinder from
Hiss at
Hold in, of, on
I.
Made of
Marry to, with
Meddle with
Mediate between
Meditate on, upon
Meet, v., with
Militate against
Mingle with
Minister to
Dote on
Doubt of, about
Dwell in, at, on
Ignorant of
Immersion in
Mistrustful of
Mix with
LIST OF WORDS WITH THE PROPER PREPOSITION ANNEXED. 635
Protect others from, ourselves
Sink info, in, beneath
aga
Sit on, upon, in
Necessary to, for
Need of
Neglectful of
Negociate u-ith
Protest against
Prou<;
Provide with, for, against
.'. from
Pursuance of
Skilful in, at
Smile at, on, upon
Snap f
Snatch at
Sneer at
Pursuant to
Solicitous about, for
Sorry for
Stay in, at, with
Obedient to
Stick fo, by
Object to, against
Observant of
Observation of
Obtrude on, upon
Quarrel u-it7i
"pon
Questioned on, upon, by
Strip of
Strive with, against, for
Subject fo
Submissive to
Obvious to
Offend against
Offensive to
Offer to
Operate on
Opposite to
Overwhelmed with, by
R.
Rail at
Reckon on, upon, with
Recline on, upon
Reconcile to, u-ifh
Recover /row,
Substitute for
Subtract from
Suitable to, for
Surprised at
Suspected of, by
Swerve from
Sympathize with
Reduce to, under
.
Refer fo
Reflect on, upon
.
Parcel out
Parley u-ifh
Part fro m, u-ith
Partake o/
Partial to
Partiality to, for
Participate in, of
Patient with, of, under
Pay /or
Peculiar to
Penetrate into
Persevere in
Pertain to
I'itch upon, on
Refrain /rom
Regard for, to
Rejoice at, in
Relate to
Release .from
Relieve from
Relish /or, of
Rely oil, upon
Remain in, at
Remark on, upon
Remit to
Remonstratetcifh a person; against
a thinir
Remove /ro7n
Taste of a thing possessed, foi
a thiu^ desired or relished
Tax u-ifh, .7or
Tend to, towards
Thankful for
Think on, upon, of, about
Thirst after.
Touch at, on, upon
Transmit fo
Triumph over
Troublesome to
True to
Trust in, to
Play 071, upon, with
Pleasant to
Repent of
Repine at
u.
Pleased u-ith
Replete u-ifh
Plunge into
Repose on, upon
Unison with
Possessed of
Pounce on, upon
Repugnant to
Rescue .from
Unite with, fo
Useful for, to
Pour on, upon, i?ito
Resemblance fo, between
Pray for, with
Predisposed to
Resolve on, upon
Rest in, at, on, upon
V.
Prefer to, be/ore, above
Preferable to
Preference to, over, above, before
Restore to
Restrain from, of
Retire from, to
Value on, upon
Versed in
Prefix to
Prej adice against
Prejudicial to
Return to
Rich in
Rido/
i a person, u-ith a thing
Void of
Prepare for
Preserve from
Hob of
Rove about, over
W.
Preside over
Press on, upon
Rub against
Rule over
Wait on, upon, for, ui
Presume on, upon
Pretend to
Rush against, on, upon
Want of
y of
Prevail on, upon, with (to per-
suade), over, against (to over-
come)
S.
Weep at, for
Witness of
Worthy of
Prevent from
Sated u-ith
Previous to
Satiate with
Prey on, upon
Saturate with
Prior to
Productive of
i by
Me fo
Save from
Seek for, after, to
Seize on, up07i
Send to, for
Yearn towards, for
Yield to
Yoke u-ith
I 1 To 1 1C tO
Sensible o/
uce against a person ; on a
z.
thing
ant of
Propose to
Similar to
Zealous for
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
AFTER having combined, in this Dictionary, the
orthography, orthoepy, and definition of the prin-
cipal words of the English language, as it exists at
the present time, we sha 1 ! now endeavour to give
those who have not access to any of the elaborate
works that have been produced on the subject, a
brief account of the derivation and progress of that
comprehensive and wide-spread tongue.
As the history of the earliest inhabitants of
Britain must be deciphered from their stone weapons
and implements, the circles of upright stones in
which they met for council or religion, and the rude
urns in which their ashes were collected and placed
beneath the sepulchral cairn, it is not to be expected
that we should be certain of their language, nor
could such a people be supposed to have a native
literature. The Phoenicians, however, traded with
them long before the Roman invasion, and the
British Islands were known to the ancient Greeks
as the Cassiterides or Tin Islands. When Julius
Ccssar landed on the shores of Britain, about nfty-
nve years before the Christian era, he was confronted
by a bold and hardy race, who bravely contested
every foot of ground that his veteran legions tem-
porarily obtained. It is not the appearance, the
manners, or the government of these bold Britons,
however, with which we are now concerned ; but we
eagerly turn to any information we can obtain con-
cerning their language or literature. It is to the com-
mentaries of Caesar that we are principally indebted
for any information we possess on these points.
The earliest inhabitants of Britain appear to have
belonged to that great family, whose main branches,
known as Celts, spread themselves extensively over
middle and western Europe. They were probably
identical with the Cimmerians or Cimbri, who, on
being expelled from the north of the Euxine found
new settlements near the Baltic and the mouth of
the Elbe. Pressed forward by the advancing wave
of emigration, the Celts crossed from the neighbour-
ing country of Gaul into Britain ; and, at a later
period, were driven into the inland parts of their
own country by an invasion of Belgse, a branch of
the great Teutonic family. Their men of learning
were their Druids, or priests, who did not commit
their mysteries to writing, but communicated them
to their disciples in verses, which they were occupied
for many years in committing to memory ; but at
this early period Caisar found them using the Greek
characters in the record of other matters. During
the time that the Romans held an insecure do-
minion in Britain, the Roman language would bo
used in administrative and probably in judicial pro-
ceedings ; those who were of mixed blood, and na-
tives advanced to any civil employment, must have
become acquainted with the Roman language and
laws ; and, as the introduction of Christianity be-
longs to this period, this implies the more extensive
employment of the Greek language, and thus we
may perceive how some of those elements were in-
troduced that contributed to the formation of the
language of Britain. We shall therefore here pre-
sent the Lord's Prayer in each of the languages
that may have contributed most to the formation
of the English:
LATIN.
Prom the version made by St. Jerome in the latter
part of the fourth century the "Vulgate" as
edited by Tischendorf in his " Novurn Testamen-
tum Triglottum," Leipsic, 1854.
Pater noster qui es in caelis,
sanctificetur nomen tuum,
adveniat regnum tuum,
fiat voluntas tua sicut in caelo et in terra,
panem nostrum supersubstantialem da nobis
hodie,
et dimitte nobis debita nostra sicut et nos di-
mittimus debitoribus nostris,
et ne inducas nos in temptationem,
sed libera nos a malo.
FRENCH.
From the Geneva version of 1588, as revised by
David Martin, original edition, Amsterdam, 1707, fol.
Notre Pdre qui e"s aux cieux,
ton Nom soit sanctine.
Ton Regne vienne.
Ta volont^ soit faite en la terre comme au ciel.
Donne nous aujourd'hui notre pain quotidien
Et nous quitte nosdettes, comme nous quittons
aussi les dettesa, nos debiteurs.
Et ne nous indui point en tentation,
mais de"livre nous du Malin.
Car a toi est le regne, & la puissance, & la gloire
ajamais, Amen.
GAELIC.
From the version of the New Testament by the
Rev. James Stuart, as published by the Society for
Propagating Christian Knowledge, Edinburgh, 1813,
12mo. (First printed in 1767.)
Ar n-Athair a ta air neamh,
Gu naomhaichear t'ainm.
Thigeadh do rioghachd.
Deanar do thoil air an talamh, mar a niiliear air
neamh.
Tubhair dhuinn an diugh ar n-aran laitheil.
Agus maith dhuinn ar fiacha, amhuil mar a
mhaitheas sinne d'ar luchd-fiach.
Agus na leig am buaireadh sinn,
ach saor sinn o olc :
Oiris leatsa an rioghachd, agus an cumhachd
agus a' ghloir, gu siorruidh.
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
637
IRISH.
From the version of Uilliam O. Domhnuill, or
William Daniel, as published by the British and
Foreign Bible Society, London, 1817, 8vo. (First
printed in 1602.)
Ar Nathair ata ar neamh,
Naomhthar hainm.
Tigheadh do rioghachd.
Deuntar do thoil ar an thalanih, mar do nithear
ar neamh.
Ar naran laethamhail tabhair dhuinn a niu.
Agus maith dhuinn ar bhfiacha, mar mhaitmidne
dar bhfe'itheamhnuibh ftfin.
Agus na l&g sinn a ccathughadh,
achd saor inn 6 olc :
Oir is leachd fe"in an rioghachd, agus an chum-
hachd, agua an ghloir, go siorruighe, Amen.
pre
Eo
Agricola, having done much in spite of pride and
rejudice to civilize the Britons, conducted the
toman legions to the foot of the Grampians and
had to encounter the Caledonians under Galgacus,
where the battles, bloodshed, and desolation of the
south, in the maintenance of independence, had to
be repeated in the north . These powerful opponents
seem to have descended from the same Celtic race,
though they had probably reached the northern
forests by a different route, and many were the en-
counters in which they bore themselves bravely in
skirmishing with the Eomans or breaking down the
wall that their enemies had stretched from the
Forth to the Clyde.
About the commencement of the fourth century,
a new enemy approached the British coast ; whilst
the Goth was pouring his legions into Italy. The
Eoman soldiers were withdrawn from Britain to
defend Eome ; and, as the Britons had become to a
great extent unaccustomed to war, they, in order
to defend their country from the ravages of the
Picts and Scots, now invited the Saxons to aid
them in their defence.
This brings ns to another era in the history of
England, and introduces, not another element
into the composition of her language, but the
very nucleus around which all other ingredients
were to cluster. " These Saxons," to use the lan-
guage of their historian, " in the days of Ptolemy,
just darkened the neck of the peninsula of Jutland
and three inconsiderable islands in its neighbour-
hood. One of the obscure tribes, whom Providence
selected and trained to form the nobler nations of
France, Germany, and England, and who have
accomplished their distinguished destiny." These
Saxons, who soon lorded it over those whom they
had come to aid, were a German or Gothic race,
and spoke a language entirely different from that of
the Celts, or ancient Britons, and were no doubt
settled at an early period in Europe. After many
conflicts, which it is the part of the historian to re-
cord, we have to note the amalgamation of the Bri-
tish and Saxon population; while a remnant of the
Britons retired into Wales, and carried their ancient
language along with them, just as the Celts in
Scotland retired before their Gothic invaders to
their mountain fastnesses, where their descendants
still speak the language of their forefathers, which
is closely allied to the Welsh, the Irish, and the
Hanks.
The success of the first Saxon immigrants no
doubt encouraged others of the same race to laud on
the shores of Britain, and secure for themselves " a
local habitation." From a leading branch, called
Angles, the country was called ?igla?id, and the pre-
vailing language became known as Anglo-Saxon, or
simply Saxon. The Saxons cultivated literature,
and Csedmon, Bede, and King Alfred are well known
among their writers. Csedmon has been called the
father of English song. Connected with the monks
of Whitby, he appears to have acted as their herds-
man. He was so little gifted with the power of
song, that, when the harp was passed round at any
convivial meetins?, he shrunk from its approach,
and retired to his own apartment. After retiring
ashamed from such a meeting, he laid himself down
and slept. In his sleep, some one desired him to
sing something, to whom he replied that he could
not. Upon the repetition of the demand, he asked
what he should sing. " Sing me," said the voice in
his dreaming ear, "the origin of things." He ac-
cordingly composed an ode on this subject, and
still retained it in memory when he awoke. He was
admitted into the mona.stry as a monk, and wrote
numerous other poems on religious subjects that
on the -Fall of Man bearing no small resemblance to
some passages in Paradise Lost. His death occurred
in the year G^' 1 . We subjoin a specimen of this
poem, accompanied with a translation :
Xu we sceolan herian
heofon-rices weard,
metodes mihte,
and his mod-ge-thono,
wera wuldor feeder !
swa he wundra ge-hwas,
ece dryhten,
oord onstealde.
He serest ge-sccop
ylda bearnum
heofon to hrofe,
halig scyppend!
tha rniddan-geard
mon-cynnes weard,
ece dryhten,
aefter teode,
firum foldan,
frea eelmihtig !
Now we shall praise
the guardian of heaven,
the might of the creator,
and his counsel,
the glory-father of men '
how he of all wonders,
the eternal lord,
formed the beginning.
He first created
for the children of men
heaven as a roof,
the holy creator !
then the world
the guardian of mankind,
the eternal lord,
produced afterwards,
the earth fur men.
the almighty master !
It will be observed that these lines are neither
distinguished by an exact number of syllables in
their construction nor by rhyme in their termina-
tion. The lines, however, are nearly of equal length,
and a peculiar alliteration may be observed in tlieh-
composition ; for in every couplet, as may be readily
noticed in the last of the above quotation, two
principal words in the one line begin with the same
letter, which is repeated in the first principal word
in the second. It is remarkable how early this
practice began, which forces itself on our notice as
still more extensively employed by subsequent
writers, who used the same letter at the beginning
of every word in lines of considerable length, as,
" They waughtit at the wight wine and wared out
words."
In Spenser, long after rhyme had been introduced,
we find it in a somewhat more refined form, as when
alliteration occurs in pairs of words in the same
line; thus,
" The lily, lady of the flowery field ;"
or,
" Nor timely tides did drive out of their sluggish
source ;"
or when the same letter is iuitiul in several words, as.
" That art thus fowly fled from famous enimy,"
which readily suggests a line, which proves that
this ornament of the earliest Saxon poem is not re-
jected in the highest poetry of the present day ; for
Cliilde Harold, describing the death of the Duke of
Brunswick, says that he sat
" Within a window'd niche of that high hall,"
and, having caught the sound of the cannon's open-
ing roar,
" He rushed into the field, and, foremost fighting,
fell."
We shall here present versions of the Lord's
Prayer in three collateral languages, that the stu-
dent may compare them with the Anglo-Saxon .
638 THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
GOTHIC. (Fourth century.)
From the edition of Ulfilas by Gabelentz and Loebe,
Leipsic, 18361846, 4to.
Atta unsar thu in himinam.
Veihnai namo thein.
Qimai thiudinassus theins.
Vairthai vilja theins sve inhlmina jah ana airthai.
Hlaif unsarana thana sinteinan gif uns himma
daga.
Jah aflet uns thatei skulans sijaima svasve jah
veis afletam thaim skulam unsaraim.
Jah ni briggais uns in fraistubnjai.
Ak lausei uns af thamma ubilin.
Unte theina ist thiudangardi jah mahts jah
vulthus in aivins.
Amen.
DANISH.
From the Danish Bible published by the British
and Foreign Bible Society, London, 1855, 8vo.
Vor Fader, du som er i Himlene !
Helliget vorde dit Navn ;
Komme dit Eige ;
Skee din Villie, som i Himmelen, saa og paa
Jorden ;
Giv os i Dag vort daglige Br0d ;
Og forlad os vor Skyld, saa som vi forlade vore
Skyldnere ;
Og leed os ikke ind i Fristelse,
men frie os fra det Onde ;
Thi dit er Eiget, og Kraften, og Herligheden i
Evighed, Amen.
GEEMAN.
From Luther's version, as edited by Tischendorf
in his "Novum Testamentum Triglottum," Leipsic,
1854. The orthography is modernized. Luther's
translation of the New Testament was first pub-
lished, anonymously, in 1522.
Unser Vater in dem Himmel.
Dein Name werde geheiliget.
Dein Eeich komme
Dein Wille geschehe auf Erden wie im Himniel.
Unser taglich Brot gib uns heute.
Und vergib uns unsere Schulden, wie wir unsern
Schuldigern vergeben.
Und fuhre uns nichtin Versuchung,
sondern erlpse uns von dem Uebel
Denn dein ist das Eeich und die Kraft und die
Herrlichkeit in Ewigkeit, Amen.
ANGLO-SAXON.
From Thorpe's edition of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels,
London, 1812, 12mo.
Feeder ure, thu the eart on heofenum
Si thin nama gehalgod.
To-becume thin rice.
Geweorthe thin willa on eorthan, swa swa on
heofenum.
Urne dfflghwamlican hlaf syle us to daeg.
And forgyf us ure gyltas, swa swa we forgifaith
urum gytlendum.
And ne gelaede thu us on costnunge n
ac alys us of yfle : Sothlice.
Passing over some names of inferior note, we
come to that of BEDE, who is usually denominated
the Venerable. He spent his studious life in the
monastery of Wearmouth, where he died in 735.
His principal works consist of scriptural transla-
tions, biographies, and an ecclesiastical history of
the Anglo-Saxons. The next name that arrests our
attention is that of ALFRED, which brings us to the
beginning of the tenth century. He is well known
to very reader of history for his successful struggles
against the Danish invaders, as an enlightened law-
giver, and as he who first gave England a navy that
enabled her to assert that superiority on the deep
which she has ever since successfully maintained . He
claims our notice, however, as a promoter of learn-
ing, and cultivator of literature. His literary la-
bours consist chiefly, if not exclusively, of transla-
tions of historical and philosophical works, together
with the Psalms of David, into the vulgar tongue, in
order that his subjects might be profited by their
perusal. CANUTE, whose demise occurred in 1036,
was author of a ballad long popular in England ; and
a few others, among whom some ecclesiastics are
conspicuous, bring down the Anglo-Saxon literature
to the time of the Conquest, which thus extends
over a space of five hundred years, and in which a
fresh interest has of late been manifested by the
publication of Dictionaries of the language, and
specimens of its literature.
We have thus seen the Briton superseded by the
Saxon, and now the Saxon is about to give way to
the Norman.
William, Duke of Normandy, known in English
history as the Conqueror, cloaked his ambition to
reign in Britain by an accusation of sacrilege against
Harold, and came armed with a bull of excommuni-
cation against the Saxon king and his adherents,
and a banner consecrated by the head of the church
to shed the blood of Christians ! Victory, after a
noble contest on the part of the English, declared in
favour of the Normans, and ultimately England was
in their hands. The victory of Hastings was gained
on the 14th October, 1066. The conquest introduced
a change of language and literature ; for a writer
about the middle of the fourteenth century informs
us that children were taught to speak French from
their cradle, and that even the rustic aped the gen-
tleman by endeavouring to speak French, and thus
it is probable that the Normans diffused their tongue
to a considerable extent throughout the land. The
Saxon language, however, was not conquered, but in
the course of the twelfth century it underwent great
grammatical changes. The inflectional terminations
of nouns, and apparently arbitrary distinctions of
genders were abolished ; the words were thus short-
ened, and their sounds must consequently have been
altered ; and hence may be dated the commencement
of the language that is now known as English. Be-
fore the conquest, the troubadours had arisen in
France, and exercised their poetical talents in the
composition of romantic poems; and a Norman
poet, named Taillefer, advanced before the army,
chanting the ballad of Charlemagne and Roland, and
was permitted to strike the first blow on the field of
Hastings. WACE, a native of Jersey, about 1160
composed a narrative poem, called Le Brut d' Angle-
terre (Brutus of England), a work which is worthy
of notice, both on account of its embodying the tra-
ditionary literature that had been wafted down from
the days of the Celts, and the tinge it imparted to
the works of subsequent authors ; for Spenser and
Shakspeare were indebted to it, Drayton has repro.
duced not a little of it, and allusions to it may be
found even in the poetry of Milton.
But we are now approaching an important era in
English literature ; lor, according to Dr. Johnson,
the Saxon, about 1154, "began to take a form in
which the beginning of the present English may
nly be discovered." About 1180, LAYAMON pro-
a translation, in English verse, of the
d' Angleterre, to which we have already referred ; a
few lines will show the approximation of the Ian*
guage of that day to that of the present.
He nom tha Englisca boc
Tha makede Seint Beda ;
An other he noni on Latin,
Tha makede Seinte Albin,
And the feire Austin,
The fulluht broute hider Inu
Boc he noin the thridde,
Leide there amidden,
Tha makede a Frenchis clero,
The
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 639
A cup with wine she had iu hand,
And her attire was well farand.
Before the king on knee set,
And in her language she him gret.
" Laverd king, wassail ! " said she.
The king asked, What should be.
On that language the king ne couth.
A knight her language lerid in youth,
Bregh hight that knight, born Breton,
That lerid the language of Saxon.
This Bregh was the latimer,
What she said told Vortiger.
" Sir," Bregh said, " Eowen you greets,
And king calls and lord you leets.
This is their custom and their gest,
When they are at the ale or feast,
Ilk man that loves where him think,
Shall say, Wassail! and to him drink.
He that bids shall say, Wassail !
The tother shall say again, Drinkhail!
That says Wassail drinks of the cup,
Kissing his fellow he gives it up.
Drinkhail he says, and drinks thereof,
Kissing him in bourd and skof."
The king said, as the knight gau ken,
" Drinkhail," smilling on Eowenen.
Eowen drank as her list,
And gave the king, syne him kissed.
There was the first wassail in dede,
And that first of fame gaed.
Of that wassail men told great tale,
And wassail when they are at ale,
And drinkhail to them that drank,
Thus was wassail ta'en to thank.
Fell sithes that maiden ying
Wassailed and kissed the king.
Of body she was right avenant,
Of fair colour with sweet semblaut.
Her attire full well it seemed,
Mervelik the king she queemed.
Of our measure was he glad,
For of that maiden he wax all mad.
Drunkenness the fiend wrought,
Of that paen was all his thought.
A mischance that time him led,
He asked that paen for to wed.
Hengist would not draw o lite,
Bot granted him all so tite.
And Hors his brother consented soon.
Her friends said, it were to done.
They asked the king to give her Kent,
In dowery to take of rent.
Upon that maiden his heart was cast ;
That they asked the king made fast.
I ween the king took her that day,
And wedded her on paen's lay.
' Putting aside," says Professor Craik, " the
authors of some of the best of the early metrical
romances, whose names are generally or universally
unknown, perhaps the earliest writer of English
verse, subsequent to the Conquest, who deserves
the name of a poet, is LAWRENCE MINOT, who lived
and wrote about the middle of the fourteenth cen-
tury, and of the reign of Edward III." His poems
are in celebration of the battles and victories of that
king. The following specimen, in modernized spell-
ing, is taken from that on Edward's first expedition
to France:
Sir Philip the Valays
Wit his men in tho days
To battle had he thought:
He bade his men them purvey
Withouten langer delay ;
But ho ne held it nought.
He brought folk full great won,
Aye seven agains one,
That full well weaponed were,
Bot soon when he heard ascry
That king Edward was near therebj
Then durst he nought come near.
Wace was ihoten,
The wel conthe writen,
And he hoe yef thare aetheleu
Aelienor, the wes Heuries queue,
Thes heyes kinges.
Layamon leide fheos boc,
And tha leaf wende.
He heom leofliche bi-heold
Lithe him beo Drihten.
Fetheren he nom mid fingren,
And fiede on boc-felle,
And tha sothe word
Sette to-gathere,
And tha thre boc
Thrumde to ane.
That is, literally:
He took the English book
That Saint Bede made ;
Another he took in Latin,
That Saint Albin made,
And the fair Austin,
That baptism brought hither in.
The third book he took,
[And] laid there in midst,
That made a French clerk,
Wace was [he] called,
That well could write,
And he it gave to the noble
Eleanor, that was Henry's queen,
The high king's.
Layamon laid [before him] these books,
And the leaves turned.
He them lovingly beheld ;
Merciful to him be [the] Lord.
Feather (pen) he took with fingers,
And wrote on book-skin,
And the true words
Set together,
And the three books
Compressed into one.
About the end of the thirteenth century, we meet
with a series of writers that may be called the
RHYMING CHRONICLERS. Among these we meet with
EGBERT of Gloucester, the language of whose Chro-
nicle may be judged of from the following speci-
men:
" Thus come lo ! Engelonde into Normannes honde,
And the Normans ne couthe speke tho bote her
owe speche,
And speke French as dude atom, and here chyldren
dude al so teche,
So that heymen of thy s lond, that of her blod come,
Holdeth alle thulke speche that hii of hem nome.
Ver bote a man couthe French, me tolth ofhym
well lute :
Ac lowe men holdeth to Englyss and to her kunde
speche yute.
Ich wene ther be ne man in world contreyes none
That ne holdeth to her kunde speche, but Enge-
lond one.
Ac wel me wot vor to conne bothe wel yt ys,
Vor the more that a man con the more worth he
ys."
The next is EGBERT MANNING, who flourished in
the latter part of the reign of Edward I., and through
that of Edward II. He translated a French Chro-
nicle of England, written by Peter de Langtoft, who
was a contemporary of his own. The following spe-
cimen is given in modern spelling :
Interview of Vorligern with JZotcen, the Beautiful
Daughter of Hengist.
Hengist that day did his might,
That all were glad, king and knight,
And as they were best in glading,
And well cup-shotten, knight and king,
Of chamber Eowenen so gent,
Before the king in hall she went.
640
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
In that morning fell a mist,
And when our Englishmen it wist,
It changed all their cheer ;
Our king unto God made his boon,
And God sent him good comfort soon ;
The weader wex full clear.
Our king and his men held the field
Stalworthly with spear and shield,
And thought to win his right :
With lordes and with knightes keen.
And other doughty men bydeen
That war full frek to fight.
Wheii Sir Philip of France heard tell
That king Edward in field wald dwell,
Then gained him no glee:
He traisted of no better boot,
Bot both on horse and on foot,
He hasted him to flee.
It seemed he was feared for strokes
When he did fell his greate oaks
Obout his paviiioun ;
Abated was then all his pride,
For langer there durst he nought bide;
His boast was brought all down.
There is a poetical work of the middle of the four-
teenth century that is so often referred to in general
literature, that we cannot pass it over in silence.
This is the Vision of Piers Ploughman, the author of
which is commonly called Robert Langland, but of
whom scarcely any thing is known. It is an alle-
gory, on the impediments and temptations that lie
in the way of the Pilgrim, and is remarkable for its
attacks on the corruptions of the church, and on the
indolence and ignorance of the ecclesiastical order.
In its structure, regard is had not to the absolute
number of syllables in a line, but to the number of
accented syllables, while alliteration is still pre-
valent in its composition arising partly from cus-
tom, and partly from established poetical phraseo-
logy. The following extract is taken from the first
Passus, or division :
I found there ireres,
All the four orders,
Preaching the people
For profit of hem selve
Closed the gospel
As hem good liked ;
For covetise of copes
Construed it as they would.
Many of these master frercs
Now clothen hem at liking,
For hir money and hir merchandize
Marchen togeders.
For sith charity hath been chapman
And chief to shrive lords,
Many ferlies hau fallen
In a few years ;
But holy church and hi
Hold better togeders,
The most mischief on mould
Is mounting well fast.
There preached a pardoner,
As he a priest were ;
Brought forth a bull
With many bishops' seals,
And said that himself might
Assoilen hem all,
Of falsehede of fasting 1 ,
Of avowes y-broken.
Lowed men leved it well,
And liked his words;
Comen up kneeling
To kissen his bulls :
He bouched hem with his brevet,
And bleared hir eyen,
Andraught with his ragman
Binges and brooches.
This remarkable poem brings us now to the thres-
hold of our living literature ; for, although the poem
of Langland might be read with interest, yet it would
be more on account of its language with one set of
readers and of its subject with another, than for
gratification in its poetical grace.
CHAUCEU, therefore, is still our first great poet
the Hoincr of English poetry. He is supposed to
have been born in 1328, and so may have been con-
temporary with Langland. The works of Chaucer
are voluminous, occupying no fewer than eight
volumes of Bell's edition of the English Poets. The
best known and most carefully edited of his nume-
rous works, are his Canterbury Tales although, as
we have seen, he was not the first poet who intro-
duced the ornament of rhyme, yet he greatly
polished the measures in which he wrote, and is
supposed to have been the first who employed the
decasyllabic metre, or what has been called our
heroic verse. He is recognized by subsequent poets,
who ought to be the best judges, as the reformer of
the language and their instructor in the tunelul art.
Gavin Douglas calls him " Venerable Chaucer, prin-
cipal poet, but peer," and Spenser, looking back
through two centuries, regards him as the " well of
English undefiled." We give the following from his
i'amous Tales as a specimen :
The Good Parson.
A true good man there was there of religion.
Pious and poor the parson of a town.
But rich he was in holy thought and work ;
And thereto a right learned man ; a clerk
That Christ's pure gospel would sincerely preach,
And his parishioners devoutly teach.
Benign he was, and wondrous diligent,
And in adversity full patient,
As proven oft ; to all who lack'd a friend.
Loth for his tithes to ban or to contend,
At every need much rather was he found
Unto his poor parishioners around
Of his own substance and his dues to give :
Content on little, for himself, to live.
Wide was his cure ; the houses far asunder,
Yet never failed he, or for rain or thunder,
Whenever sickness or mischance might call,
The most remote to visit, great or small,
And, staff in hand, on foot, the storm to brave.
This noble ensample to his flock he gave,
That first he wrought, afterward he taught.
The word of life he from the gospel caught ;
And well this comment added he thereto.
If that gold rusteth, what should iron do ?
And if the priest be foul on whom we trust,
What wonder if the unletter'd layman lust ?
And shame it were in him the flock should keep,
To see a sullied shepherd, and clean sheep.
For sure a priest the sample ought to give
By his own cleanness how his sheep should live.
He never set his benefice to hire,
Leaving his flock acomber'd in the mire,
And ran to London cogging at St Poul's,
To seek himself a chauntery for souls,
Or with a brotherhood to be enroll'd ;
But dwelt at home, and guarded well his fold,
So that it should not by the wolf miscarry.
He was a shepherd, and no mercenary.
Tho holy in himself, and virtuous,
He still to sinful men was mild and piteous:
Not of reproach imperious or m align ;
But in his teaching soothing and benign.
To draw them on to heaven, by reason fair
And good example, was his daily care.
But were there one perverse and obstinate,
Were he of lofty or of low estate,
Him would he sharply with reproof astound.
A better priest is no where to be found.
He waited not on pomp or reverence,
Nor made himself a spiced conscience.
The lore of Christ and his apostles twelve
He taught : but, first, he followed it himselve.
The latter part of the fourteenth century is me-
morable for what may be considered the birth of
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
641
Scottish poetry, and Chaucer had no unworthy con-
temporary and rival in JOHN BARBOUR, Archdeacon of
Aberdeen, the language of whose work, The Bruce,
is as intelligible as that of Chaucer. Although
Pinkerton's edition is now before us and the follow-
age has often been quoted, yet it is so cha-
racteristic of Barbour's poetry, and the sentiments
so honourable to the poet, that we cannot supersede
it by another quotation :
A ! fredome is a nobill thing !
Fredonie inayse man to haiff liking j
Fredome all solace to man giffis :
He levys at esc thnt frely levys !
A noble hart may haiff nane ese,
Na ellys nocht that may him plese,
Gyff fredome failyhe = for fre liking
Is yharnyt our all othir thing
Na he, that ay hase levyt fre,
May nocbt knaw weill the propyrte
The angyr, na the wrechyt dome,
That is cowplyt to t'oule thyrldome.
Bot gyff he had assayit it.
Than all perquer he suld it wyt ;
And suld think freedome mar to pryse
Than all the gold in warld that is.
And thryldom is weill wer than deid,
For quhill a thryll his lyff may leid,
It mervys him, body aad banys,
And dede anoyis him bot anys :
Schorty to say is nane can tell
The halle condition of a thryll !
That we may afford a specimen of the prose of the
age of which we are treating, we fondly turn to the
oldest translation of the New Testament, by John
Wiclif, " the morning star of the Keformation," who
died about the age of sixty, in 1384. The edition
from which we quote is that of Baber, 1810.
1 CORINTHIANS, CH. xm.
If I spelt e with tungis of men and of aungels and
I haue not charite, I am maad as bras sownynge, or
a cymbal tynklynge. and if a haue profecie and
knowe alle mysteries and al kynnyng, and if I haue
el feith, so that I moue hillis fro her place, and I
haue not charite I am nought, and if I departe alle
my goodis into the metis of pore men, and if I bitake
my bodi so that I brenneand if I hauanot charite it
profitith to me no thing, charite is pacient, it is
beuygne. charite envyeth tot, it doith not wickidli,
it is not blowun, it is not cc ueito is, it sekith not
tho thiugis that ben hisa cwne. it is not stired
to wrath, it thenkith not yuel, it ioieth not on
wickiduesse, but it ioieth togidre to treuthe, it
suffrith alle thingis, it bileueth alle tbiugis, it hopith
alle thiugis, it susteyneth alle thingis. charite
allith neuere douu. whethir profecies schulen be
voidid, eithir langagis schulen ceese, eithir science
schal be distried. for aparti we knowen, and aparti
we profecien, but whanue that schal come that is
parfyt, that thing that is of parti schal be auoidid.
whanne I was a litil child I spak as a litil child, 1
undirstood as a litil child, I thoughte as a litil child ;
but whanne I was maade a man I voidide tho thingis
that weren of a litil child, and we seen now bi a
morour in derknesse, but thanne face to face, now
I knowe of parti, but thanne I schal knowe as I am
knowun. and now dwellen feith, hope and charite
these thre, but the moost of these is charite.
The earliest successor of Barbour was ANDREW
WYKTOWX, a Prior of the monastery of St. Serf's
Inch in Lochleven. His OrygynaU Cronykil of Scotland
appears to have been finished in the beginning oi
the fifteenth century. It is written in the same
measure with The Bruce, but we miss the sustained
dignity and poetic warmth of the Arch-deacon in
the Prior. His work, however, is clear, though
quaint in style, and is valuable in an historical point
of view; of the nine books, of which the work con-
sists, only the last four are devoted to Scottish
history. These, with valuable notes, were admirably
edited by David Macpherson and published in 1795,
'rom which edition we make the following extract,
not only as furnishing a specimen of Wyntown's
style, but as embodying the oldest Scottish song
uow known to exist. The Chronicler thus' describes
the character of Alexander III :
Scotland menyd hym than ful sare :
For wndyr hym all his Legis ware
In Honoure, Qwyete, and in Pes ;
Forth! cald PKSSYBIL KYNG he wes.
He honoryd God and Haly Kyrk ;
And medful dedis he oysyd to wyrk.
Til all Prestis he dyd reverens,
And sawfyd thare Statis wyth diligens.
He was stedfast in Crystyn Fay ;
Eelygyows men he honoryde ay;
He lu\Vyd men. that war wertuows;
He lathydand chastyd al vytyows
Be Justis he gave and Eqwyte
Til ilke man, that his suld be.
That, he mycht noucht til Wertu drawe,
He held ay wndyr dowt and awe.
He gert chasty mysdoaris
As Lauch wald be thare manerys.
The Lauch he gert he kepyd wella
In all hys Kynryk ilka dele.
He led his lyf in Honest e,
Devotyown, and Chastyte.
Til Lordis, Knychtis, and Sqwyeris,
That ware plesand of maneris,
He was lele, iuwand and liberate,
And all wertuows in Governale.
He wes gret of Almows Dede,
Til all, that he could wyt, had nede.
This Sang wes made of hym for-thi.
" Quhen Alysandyr cure Kyng was dede,
That Scotland led in Luwe and Le,
Away wes Sons of Ale and Brede,
Of Wyne and Wax, of Gamyn and Gle :
" Oure Gold wes changyd in-to Lede.
Cryst, borne in-to Virgynyte,
Succour Scotland, and reinede,
That stad is in perplexyte."
But of all the poets of the beginning of the fifteenth
century the palm must undoubtedly be awarded to
King James I. of Scotland, and, as he was kept a
prisoner and educated in England, The King's Quair
may be regarded as still furnishing an illustration
of the state of the language at that period. Looking
in the morning through the grating of his prison,
he sees a lady in the adjacent garden, and he thus
describes the scene and his emotions :
Kest I down mine eye again,
Where as I saw, walking under the Toure,
Full secretly, new comen hir to plain,
The fairest or the freschest young floure
That ever I saw, methought, before that hourc,
For which sudden abate, anon astert,
The blood of all my body to my hert.
And though I stood abasit tho a lyte
No wonder was ; for why ? my wittis all
Were so o'ercome with pleasance and delyght,
Only through letting of my eye fall,
That suddenly my hert became hir thrall,
For ever of free will for of menace
There was no takyn in her suete face.
And in my head I drew right hastily,
And eft sones I leant it out again,
And saw her walk, that very womanly,
With no wight mo', but only women twain.
Then gan I study in myself, and sayne :
' Ah, sweet ! are ye a warldly creature,
Or heavenly thing in likeness of nature ?
' Or are ye god Cupidis own princess,
And comyu are to loose me out of band ? 41
642 THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Or are ye very Nature the goddess,
That have depaynted with your heavenly hand,
This garden fuU of flowers as they stand ?
What sail I think, alas ! what reverence
Sail I mester unto your excellence ?
' If ye a goddess be, and that ye like
To do me pain, I may it not astert ;
If ye be warldly wight, that doth me sike,
Why list God make you so, my dearest hert,
To do a sely prisoner this smert,
That lufis you all, and wote of nought but wo ?
And therefore merci, sweet ! sine it is so.' . .
Of hir array the form if I sail write,
Toward her golden hair and rich atire,
In fret*vise couchit with perlis white
And great balas lemyng as the fire,
With mony ane emerant and fair saphire ;
And on her head a chaplet fresch of hue,
Of plumis parted red, and white, and blue.
Full of quaking spangis bright as gold,
Forged of shape like to the amoretis,
So new, so fresch, so pleasant to behold,
The pluinis eke like to the flower jonetis,
And other of shape, like to the flower jonetis ;
And above all this, there was, well I wot,
Beautee enough to mak a world to dote.
About hir neck, white as the fire amaille,
A goodly chain of small orf every,
Whereby there hung a ruby, without faile,
Like to ane heart shapen verily,
That as a sperk of low, so wantonly
Seemed birning upon her white throte,
Now gif there was good party, God it wot.
And for to walk that fresh May's morowe,
Ane hook she had upon her tissue white,
That goodlier had not been sene to-forowe,
As I suppose ; and girt she was alite,
Thus halfling loose for haste, to suich delight
It was to see her youth in goodlihede.
That for rudenes to speak thereof I drede
In her was youth, beautee, with humble aport,
Bountee, richesse, and womanly faibure,
God better wote than my pen can report :
Wisdome, largesse, estate, and cunning sure,
In every point so guided her mesure,
In word, in dede, in schap, in countenance,
That nature might no more hir child avance !
A new day may be said to dawn with the begin-
ning of the sixteenth century; for Warton says that
HAWES'S Pastime of Pleasure is almost the only effort
of imagination which had appeared in our poetry
since the days of Chaucer. Chambers says "it is
full of thought, of ingenious analogy, and occasion-
ally of striking allegory," and gives the following
stanzas, stripped of the antiquated spelling :
T7i Temple of Mars.
Beside this tower of old foundation,
There was a temple strongly edified,
To the high honour and reputation
Of the mighty Mars it was so fortified ;
And for to know what it signified
I entered in, and saw of gold so pure
Of worthy Mars, the marvellous picture.
There was depainted all about the wall
The great destruction of the siege of Troy,
And the noble acts to reign memorial
Of the worthy Hector that was all their joy,
His dolorous death was hard to occoye :
And so when Hector was cast all down,
The hardy Troilus was most high of renown.
And as I cast my sight so aside,
Beholding Mars how wonderfully he stood
On a wheel top, with a lady of pride,
Haunced about, I thought nothing but good
But that she had two faces in on hood j
Tet I knelt down, and made my orison
To doughty Mars with great devotion.
Saying : ' O Mars ! O god of the war !
The gentle load-star of an hardy heart,
Distil adowu thy grace from so far,
To cause all fear from me to start,
That in the field I may right well subvert
The hideous monsters, and win the victory
Of the sturdy giants with famous chivalry.
' O prince of honour and of worthy fame !
O noble knights of old antiquity !
O redoubted courage, the causer of their name,
Whose worthy acts Fame caused to be
In books written, as ye well may see
So give me grace right well to recure
The power of fame that shall so long endure.'
Among the prose writers of this period, we may
take note of EGBERT FABIAN, who was sheriff of
London, and died in 1512. The following account of
the deposition of King Vortigern, is taken from his
Concordance of Stories :
Of this holy man, St. Germain, Vincent Historial
saith, that upon an evening when the weather was
passing cold, and the snow fell very fast, he axed
lodging of the king of Britain, for him and his com-
peers, which was denied. Then he, after sitting
under a bush in the field, the king's herdinan passed
by, and seeing this bishop with his company sitting
in the weather, desired him to his house to take
there such poor lodging as he had. Whereof the
bishop being glad and fain, yode unto the house of
the said herdmnn, the which received him with
glad cheer. And for him and his company, willed
his wife to kill his only calf, and to dress it for his
guest's supper; the which was also done. When
the holy man had supped, he called to him his
hostess, willing and desiring her that she should
diligently gather together all the bones of the dead
calf; and them so gathered, to wrap together within
the skin of the said calf. And then it lay in the stall
before the rack near unto the dame. Which done
according to the commandment of the holy man,
shortly after the calf was restored to life ; and forth-
with ate hay with the dame at the rack. At which
marvel all the house was greatly astonished, and
yielded thanking unto Almighty God and to that
holy bishop.
Upon the morrow, this holy bishop took with him
the herdman, and yode unto the presence of the
king, and axed of him in sharp wise, why that over-
night he had denied to him lodging. Wherewith
the king was so abashed, that he had no power to
give unto the holy man answer. Then St. Germain
said to him : 'I charge thee, in the name of the
Lord God, that thou and thine depart from this
palace, and resign it and the rule of thy land to
him that is more worthy this room than thou art.'
The which all thing by power divine was observed
and done ; and the said herdman, by the holy bishop's
authority, was set into the same dignity ; of whom
after descended all the kings of Britain.
Tracing the progress of our language to what has
been termed the Elizabethan age (though the litera-
ture of the period so denominated, belongs not merely
to the sixteenth, but also to the seventeenth cen-
tury) we then observe a variety of influences, such
as the study of classical learning, the invention of
printing, the substitution of the philosophy of Plato
for that of Aristotle, and the freedom of religious
discussion, operating powerfully in expanding the in-
tellect of the nations of Europe. To these general
considerations, which could not fail to operate in
England, must be added the encouragement which
Elizabeth, herself possessed of no mean literary ac-
quirements, offered to learning, and the impulse
given to the national mind by the circulation of the
Scriptures in the language of her subjects.
THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
643
THOMAS SACKVILLE, Earl of Dorset, was the author
of the Mirrourfor Magistrates, an extract from which
may properly be introduced before we take leave of
our reader on the introduction of Spenser.
And next in order sad, Old Age we found :
His beard all hoar, his eyes hollow and blind ;
With drooping cheek still poring on the ground,
As on the place where nature him assigned
To rest, when the sisters had untwined
His vital thread, and ended with their knife
The fleeting course to fast declining life :
There heard we him with broke and hollow plaint
Eue with himself his end approaching fast,
And all for nought his wretched mind torment
With sweet remembrance of his pleasures past,
And fresh delights of lusty youth forewaste ;
Recounting which, how would he sob and shriek,
And to be young again of Jove beseek !
But, an the cruel fates so fixed be
That time forepast cannot return again,
This one request of Jove yet prayed he
That, in such weathered plight, and wretched pain,
As eld, accompanyied with her loathsome train,
Had brought on him, all were it wo and grief
He might a while yet linger forth his life,
And not so soon descend into the pit ;
Where Death, when he the mortal corpse hath slain,
With reckless hand in grave doth cover it :
Thereafter never to enjoy again
The gladsome light, but, in the ground ylain,
In depth of darkness waste and wear to nought,
As he had ne'r into the world been brought :
But who had seen him sobbing how he stood
Unto himself, and how he would bemoan
His youth forepast as though it wrought him good
To talk of youth, all were his youth foregone-
He would have mused, and marvelled much whereon
This wretched Age should life desire so fain,
And knows full well life doth but length his pain :
Crook-backed he was, tooth-shaken, and blear-eyed ;
Went on three feet, and sometime crept on four ;
With old lame bones, that rattled by his side j
His scalp all piled, and he with eld forelore,
His weathered fist still knocking at death's door
Fumbling, and driveling, as he draws his breath;
For brief, the shape and messenger of death.
When we name SPENSER, we feel as if we had ar-
rived among our modern poets. The date,
given as that of the year of his birth, and he is sup-
posed to have come before the world as a poet so
early as 1569. His great work is the Faery Queene, in
which, under the direction of Gloriana, a number of
person :nting so many virtues, set forth
to vanquish the vices opposed to their nature. But
we feel little interest either in tho personages or
their adventures ; the mind is absorbed in the
beauty of the poetry in winch these are described ;
for it is the imagination of the poet in conceiving,
and his fancy in adorning these conceptions, together
wi'h the exuberance, fluency, grace, and beauty of the
lan<'ua^e, that delight the reader; whilst a spirit oi
nobleness, gentleness, love, and chiralry pervades the
whole. But we must deny ourselves the pleasure
of expatiating on the exquisite productions of Spen
ser and permit him briefly to speak for himself
merely stripping his words of a few superfluou
letters.
Una and the Eedcross Knight.
A gentle knisht was pricking on the plain,
Yclad in mighty arms and silver shield,
Vherein old dints of deep wounds did remain,
""he cruel marks of many a bloody field ;
fet arms till that time did he never wield :
lis angry steed did chide his foaming bit,
As much disdaining to the curb to yield:
"ull jolly knight he seemed, and fair did sit,
.s one for knightly jousts and fierce encounters fit,
^nd on his breast a bloody cross he bore,
"he dear remembrance of his dying Lord,
"or whose sweet sake that glorious badge he wore,
And dead as living ever him adored:
Jpon his shield the like was also scored,
'or sovereign hope, which in his help he had :
iight faithful true he was in deed and word;
Jut of his cheer did seem too solemn sad :
Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was ydvad.
Jpon a great adventure he was bound,
'hat greatest Gloriana to him gave
That greatest glorious queen of fairy lond
"'o win him worship, and her grace to have,
Which of all earthly things he most did crave ;
And ever as he rode his heart did yearn
?o prove his puissance in battle brave
Jpon his foe, and his new force to learn ;
Jpon his foe, a dragon horrible and stern.
A lovely lady rode him fair beside,
Jpon a lowly ass more white than snow;
Tet she much whiter, but the same did hide
Jnder a veil that wimpled was full low,
And over all a black stole she did throw,
\s one that inly mourned: so was she sad,
Vud heavy sat upon her palirey slow ;
Seemed in heart some hidden care she had,
And by her in a line a milk-white lamb she led.
So pure and innocent, as that same lamb,
She was in life and every virtuous lore,
And by descent from royal lineage came
Jf ancient kings and queens, that had of yore
Their sceptres stretcht from east to western shore,
And all the world in their subjection held ;
Till that infernal fiend with foul uproar
Porewasted all their land and them expelled ;
Whom to avenge, she had this knight from far com-
pelled.
Behind her far away a dwarf did lag,
That lazy seemed in being ever last,
Or wearied with bearing of her bag
Of needments at his back. Thus as they past
The day with clouds was sudden overcast,
And angry Jove an hideous storm of rain
Did pour into his leman's lap so fast,
That every wight to shroud it did constrain,
And this fair couple eke to shroud themselves wero
fain.
Enforced to seek some covert nigh at hand,
A shady grove not far away they spied,
That promised aid the tempest to withstand;
Whose lofty trees, yclad with summer's pride,
Did spread so broad, that heaven's light did hide,
Nor pierceable with power of any star:
And all within were paths and alleys wide,
With footing worn, and leading inward far r
Fair harbour, that them seems ; so in they entered
are.
%* Our limited space has obliged us to present a
very imperfect view of an interesting subject, even
within the range which we had prescribed to our-
selves ; but those who may be incited by these re-
marks still farther to prosecute this study, will find
ample materials in the works of Ellis, Chambers,
Latham, Craik, Spalding, and other cultivators of
the same field.
A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES.
THE following is a Catalogue of English Dictionaries, properly so called ; for we have purposely omitted
some of the most ancient Dictionaries published in England, such as the Dictionarium of Sir Thomas
Elyot, published in 1538, because it was Latin and English ; neither have we admitted into this brief list
Dictionaries of Theology, Law, Medicine, Chemistry, Arts and Sciences, &c.
"There are many points," says Worcester, "relating to English lexicography that are not easily
ascertained. Many of the Dictionaries have had their titles changed from those'which were given them
in the first edition ; many of them have been much altered by the labour of subsequent editors ; with
respect to some, it is not easy to ascertain the date of the first edition ; and some have undoubtedly been
published which have passed into oblivion, and are now entirely unknown."
ENGLISH DICTIONAEIES OP "WOEDS.
DATE. AUTHOR. TITLE.
1562. HENRY SUTTON The Brefe Dyxcyonary
1568. JOHN WITHALS A Shorte Dictionarie for Yonge Beginners. (Anew
edition;
1572. LEWIS EVANS A Shorte Dictionarie, most profitable for Yonge Be-
ginners
1573. JOHN BABET An Alvearie, or Triple Dictionarie, in English, Latin,
and French
1580. WILLIAM BULLOKAR Booke at Large for the Amendment of Orthographic
for English Speech
1616. JOHN BULLOKAR An English Expositour of Hard Words
1632. HENRY COCKERAM An English Dictionarie. or an Interpreter of Hard
Words
1656. THOMAS BLOUNT Glossographia, or Dictionary interpreting the Hard
Words now used in our refined English Tongue.
1658. EDWARD PHILLIPS The New World of English Words, or a General
Dictionary, containing the Interpretations of such
Hard Words as are derived from other Languages.
1677. ELISHA COLES An English Dictionary, explaining the difficult Terms
that are used in Divinity, Husbandry, Physick,
Philosophy, Law, Navigation, Mathematics, and
other Arts and Sciences
170L J. JONES Practical Phonography, or the New Art of rightly
Spelling and Writing Words by the Sound thereof
1704. EDWARD COCKER English Dictionary
1707. (Anonymous) Glossographia Anglicana Nova, or a Dictionary inter-
preting such Hard Words, of whatever Language,
as are at present used in the English Tongue
1708. JOHN KERSEY .... _ -..A General English Dictionary, comprehending a Brief
but Emphatical and Clear Explication of all Sorts of
Difficult Words, that derive their Origin from other
Ancient and Modern Languages.
172-. NATHAN BAILEY ~. An Universal Etymological English Dictionary, com-
prehending the Derivations of the Generality of
Words in the English Tongue, either Ancient or
Modern^ (Soon after 1720.)
1724. J. HAWKINS Cocker's [Edward] English Dictionary, Enlarged and
Altered
1735. B.N.DEFOE _ A Compleat English Dictionary, containing the True
Meaning of all the Words in the English Language
1737. (Anonymous) A New English Dictionary, containing a large and
almost complete Collection of English Words
1749. BENJAMIN MARTIN A New Universal English Dictionary
1752. THOMAS DYCHE and WILLIAM PARDON A New General English Dictionary, peculiarly calcu-
lated for the Use and Improvement of such as are
unacquainted with the Learned Languages. (7th
edition)
1755. SAHUEL JOHNSON .' A Dictionary of the English Language, in which the
Words are deduced from their Originals, and illus-
trated in their different Significations by Examples
from the best Writers
1756. do. do The Dictionary of the English Language, abridged
1757. JAMES BUCHANAN A New English Dictionary
A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES. 645
DATE. AUTHOR. TITLE.
1759. J. PEYTON A New Vocabulary, or Grammar of the True Pronuncia-
tion of the English Language, in the Form of a Dic-
tionary
1761. DANIEL PENNING The Eoyal English Dictionary, or Treasury of the
English Language
1764. JOSEPH NICOL SCOTT Bailey's Dictionary, Enlarged and Eevised. (Folio
edition)
1764. DANIEL FARRO The Royal British Grammar and Vocabulary, being an
entire Digestion of the English Language into its
proper Parts of Speech
1764. WILLIAM JOHNSTON A Pronouncing and Spelling Dictionary
1764. JOHN ENTICK A Spelling Dictionary of the English Language
1765. JAMES ELPHINSTON The Principles of the English Language digested
1766. WILLIAM EIDEB New Universal English Dictionary
1771. J. SEALLT The London Spelling Dictionary
1772. FREDERICK BABLOW The Complete English Dictionary
1773. WILLIAM KENRICK A New Dictionary of the English Language
1774. JAMES BARCLAY A Complete and Universal English Dictionary
17T5. JOHN ASH The New and Complete Dictionary of the English
1775. WILLIAM PERRY The Eoyal Standard English Dictionary
1775. JOHN WALKER A Ehyming Dictionary
1779. (Anonymous) A Pocket Dictionary, or Complete Erpository
1780. THOMAS SHERIDAN A Complete Dictionary of the English Language, both
with Regard to Sound and Meaning, one Main Object
of which is to establish a Plain and Permanent
Standard of Pronunciation
1782. EDWARD HARWOOD ., Bailey's Dictionary, Enlarged and Corrected
(Twenty-fourth edition, 8vo)
1784. EGBERT NARES Elements of Orthoepy, containing a Distinct View of
the Whole Analogy of the English Language
1784. WILLIAM FRY A New Vocabulary of the most Difficult Words of the
English Language
1790. GEORGE PICARD A Grammatical Dictionary
1791. JOHN WALKER A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, and Expositor of
the English Language
1796. (Anonymous) A Dictionary of the English Language, both with
Regard to Sound and Meaning
1797. WILLIAM SCOTT A Spelling, Pronouncing, and Explanatory Dictionary
of the English Language. (A new and improved
edition)
1798. STEPHEN JOSES A General Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary
of the English Language
1801. GEORGE MASON A Supplement to Johnson's English Dictionary
1802. GEOKGE FULTON and G. KNIGHT A General Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary
of the English Language
1805. WILLIAM PERRY The Synonymous, Etymological, and Pronouncing
English Dictionary
1806. THOMAS BROWNE The Union Dictionary, containing ail that is truly
useful in the Dictionaries of Johnson, Sheridan, and
Walker. (Second edition)
1806. BENJAMIN DAWSON A Philological and Synonymical Dictionary of the
English Language. (Only from A to Adornment)
1807. WILLIAM ENFIELD A General Pronouncing Dictionary
1809. W. F. MYLIUS A School Dictionary of the English Language.
(Second edition)
1810. B. H. SMART A Practical Grammar of English Pronounciation
1811. NICHOLAS SALMON Sheridan's Dictionary, corrected and improved
1818. HENRY JOHN TODD Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language, with
Numerous Corrections, and with the Addition oi
Several Thousand Words
1819. JOHN SEAGER A Supplement to Johnson's Dictionary
1820. EICHARD P. JODRELL Philology on the English Language. (Supplement to
Johnson's Dictionary)
1820 (about). CRISTOPHHB EABNSHAW A New Pronouncing English Dictionary
1820. ALEXANDER CHALMERS Johnson's Dictionary, as corrected and enlarged by
Todd, abridged
1821. GEOBGI FULTON Johnson's Dictionary in Miniature
1826. ALFRED HOWARD Walker's Dictionary, arranged for the use of Schools
1826. THOMAS EEES Todd's Johnson's Dictionary in Miniature
1827. E.S.JAMESON A Dictionary of the English Language, by Johnson
and Walker, with the Pronunciation greatly simpli-
fied, on an entire new Plan
1830. JOHN DAVIS Walker's Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, Corrected
and Enlarged
1830. SAMUEL MAUNDER A New and Enlarged Dictionary of the English Lan-
guage
1835. DAVID BOOTH An Analytical Dictionary of the English Language
1835. JAMES KNOWLES A Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary of the *
English Language
1S36. B. H. SMART A New Critical Pronouncing Dictionary of the English
Language (" Walker Eemodelled")
646 A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES.
DATE. AUTHOR. TITLE.
1836. (Anonymous) A New and Enlarged Dictionary of the English Lan-
guage
1837. CHARLES EICHARDSON A New Dictionary of tho English Language. (Two
vols., 4to.)
1839. Do. do A New Dictionary of the English Language, abridged
from the Quarto Edition. (New edition, 1856)
1840. B. H. SMART Smart's Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Lan-
guage, epitomized
1844. ALEXANDER EEID A Dictionary of the English Language
1847. EGBERT SULLIVAN A Dictionary of the English Language
1848. JOHN BOAG The Imperial Lexicon of the English Language
18-19. JOHN CRAIG A New, Universal, Etymological, Technological, and
Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language
1850. JOHN OGILVIE The Imperial Dictionary, English, Technological, and
Scientific
1855. THOMAS WRIGHT "Universal Pronouncing Dictionary and General Ex-
positor of the English Language
1855. HYDE CLARKE A New and Comprehensive Dictionary of the English
Language
1856. CHABLES EICHABDSON Supplement to a New Dictionary of tho English
Language
AMERICAN DICTIONAEIES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
1798 (ahout). JOHNSON and ELLIOT A School Dictionary
1806. NOAH WEBSTER A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language
1807. Do. do A Dictionary of the English Language, for the Use of
Common Schools
1813. An American Gentleman A New Critical Pronouncing Dictionary of the English
Language
1825. EICHARD WIGGINS The New York Expositor
1827. J. E. WORCESTER Johnson's English Dictionary, as improved by Todd,
and abridged by Chalmers, with Walker's pro-
nouncing Dictionary combined
1827. LTMAN COBB An Abridgment of Walker's Dictionary
1828. WILLIAM GRIMSHAW Etymological Dictionary
1828. NOAH WEBSTER. An American Dictionary of the English Language
1829. do. do An American Dictionary of the English Language,
abridged from the Quarto Edition
1829. do. do A Dictionary of the English Language, for the Use
of Primary Schools and the Counting-House
1829. WILLIAM GRIMSHAW The Ladies' Lexicon and Parlour Companion
do. do. The Gentleman's Lexicon
1829. WILLIAM W. TURNEH The School Dictionary
1830. J. E. WORCESTER A Comprehensive Pronouncing and Explanatory Dic-
tionary of the English Language
1834. NOAH WEBSTER A Dictionary for Primary Schools
1835. J E. WORCESTER An Elementary Dictionary for Common Schools
1845. NOAH WEBSTER A Dictionary of the English Language, abridged from
the American Dictionary. University Edition
1845. WILLIAM BOWLES An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Die-
tionary of the English Language
1846. do. do A Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary. Abridg-
ment
1846. J. E. WORCESTER A Universal and Critical Dictionary of the English
Language
1850. WILLIAM GRIMSHAW A Primary Pronouncing Dictionary
1850. J. E. WORCESTER Primary Dictionary
1855. J. E. WORCESTER A Pronouncing, Explanatory, and Synonymous Dic-
tionary of the English Language
1855. DAN. S. SMAXLET The American Phonetic Dictionary of the English
Language
1856. CHAUNCEY A. GOODBICH A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Eng-
lish Language, abridged from Webster's American
Dictionary
1859. ALEXANDER H. LAIDLAW An American Pronouncing Dictionary of the English
Language
1860. (Anonymous.J A New Pocket Dictionary
SAXON AND ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONAEIES.
1659. WILLIAM SOMNEB, Dictionarium Saxonico-Latino-Anglicum
L701. THOMAS BENSON Vocabularium Anglo-Saxonicum
1772. EDWARD LYE. Dictionarium Saxonico- et Gothico-Latinum
1838. J. BOSWORTH A Dictionary of the Anglo-Saxon Language
A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES. 647
ENGLISH GLOSSAEIES;
DATE. AUTHOR. TITLE.
1074. JOHN EAY A Collection of English Words not generally used
1725. (Anonymous) A Dictionary of the Terms of the Canting Crew
1771. (Anonymous) Exmoor Scolding and Exmoor Courtship, with a
Glossary
1787. FRANCIS GROSE A Glossary of Provincial and Local Words
1793. (JOHN COLLIER) A View of the Lancashire Dialect, [with a Glossary]
1796. FRANCIS GROSE A Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, or of Buckish
Slang, &c.
1805. E. ANDERSON Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect, with a Glossary
1808. K. POLWHELT^ A Cornish English Vocabulary
1811. EoBrr.x WILLAN A Glossary of Words used in the West Eiding of
Yorkshire
1814. SAMUEL PEGGE Anecdotes of the English Language, with a Supple-
ment to F. Grose's Glossary
1816. WHITE KENNEDY (Bp.) A Glossary to explain the Original, the Acceptation,
and the Obsoleteness of Words and Phrases
1820. EOGER WILBRAHAM A Glossary of Words used in Cheshire
1822, EGBERT NARES A Glossary of Words and Phrases found in the Works
of Shakspeare and his Contemporaries
1823. JON BEE (John Badcock) Dictionary of the Tun", the Ring, the Chase, the Pit,
&c.
1823. EDWARD MOOR Suffolk Words and Phrases
1824. JAMES MANDER Derbyshire Miner's Glossary
]-:!."">. JOHN T. BROCKETT A Glossary of North Country Words
1825. JAMES JENNINGS A Glossary of Words used in Somersetshire, &c.
1828. (WILLIAM CARH) The Dialect of Craven, with a Copious Glossary. (Two
volumes)
1829. JOSEPH HUNTER The Hallarnshire Glossary
1830. JOHN FORBY The Vocabulary of East Anglia, Norfolk, and Suffolk.
(Two volumes)
1832. WILLIAM TOONB A Glossary and Etymological Dictionary of Obsolete
and Uncommon Words.
1833. JONATHAN BOUCHER A Glossary of Archaic and Provincial Words, edited
by Joseph Hunter and Joseph Stevenson. (Two
niimbers published)
1837. JAMES F. PALMER A Glossary of Devonshire Words
1839. ABEL BYWATER The Sheffield Dialect
1839. WILLIAM HOLLOWAY A General Dictionary of Provincialisms
H.YKLES CLARK A Glossary of Words peculiar to Essex
Anonymous) A Glossary of Provincial Words used in Herefordshire
(Anonymous) A Glossary of the Yorkshire Dialect
1839. JOHN PHILLIPS A Glossary of the Devonshire Dialect
1S39. (Anonymous) A Glossary of the Westmoreland and Cumberland
Dialects
1842. JOHN Y. AKERMAN A Glossary of Provincial Words in Use in Wiltshire
1846. JAMES O. HALLIWKLL A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words. (Two
volumes, 8vo)
1846. JOHN T. BROCKETT A Glossary of North Country Words. (Third edition,
two volumes)
1848. ARTHUR B. EVANS Leicestershire Words
18i9. (Anonymous) A Glossary of Words used in T: .lale, Durham
1851. THOMAS The Dialect and Folk-lore of Nor; hamptonshire
1851 (Anonymous) A Glossary of Cumberland Provincial Words
1851. (Anonymous) A Glossary of Dorsetshire Provincial Words
1851. (Anonymous) A Glossary of Gloucestershire Provincial Words
ls:>2. (Anonymous) A Glossary of Berkshire Provincial Words
1853. (Anonymous) A Glossary of the Provincialisms of Sussex
ANNE E. BAKER A Glossary of Northamptonshire Words
1855. (Anonymous) A Glossary of Yorkshire Words and Phrases
1856. E. GARNETT A Glossary of Words used in Warwickshire
1857. THOMAS WRIGHT A v r olume of Vocabularies I Anglo-Saxon and Early
English] from the Tenth Century to the Fifteenth
do. do A Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English
1857. (Ducange Antjlicus) The Vulgar Tongue. Two Glossaries of Slang and
Flash Words and Phrases
1859. A London Antiqua ry A Dictionary of Modem Slang, Cant, and Vulgar
Words
ENGLISH SYNONYMES.
179i. JorNTEUSLEB The Distinction between Words esteemed Synony.
mous in the English Language.
1794. HESTEB LYNCH PIOZZI British Synonymy, or an Attempt to Eegulate thrt
Choice of Words in Familiar conversation.
1813. WILLIAM TAYLOR English Synonyms Discriminated
1816. GEORGE CRABB English Synonymes Explained
618 A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH DICTIONARIES.
DATE. AUTHOR. TITLE.
1842. WM. CARPENTEB A Comprehensive Dictionary of English. Synonymes.
(Third edition.)
1845. JOHN PLATTS A Dictionary of English Synonymes.
1846. B. F. GRAHAM English Synonymes
1852. ABP. WHATELT (Edited by.) A Selection of English Synonyms. (Second Edition.)
1852. PETER M. ROGET Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases Classified
and Arranged
1854. D. L. MACKENZIE A Practical Dictionary of English Synonyms
1855. THOMAS FKNBT A Copious Dictionary of English Synonymes
1351. RICHARD C. TRENCH On the Study of Words
1854. Do. do English Past and Present
1859. Do. do A Select Glossary of English Words used formerly in
Senses different from their present
THE END,
U. C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES