o U 
 
NOTICES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 dfhurdws ai ($pmbM$tifain. 
 
 ARTHUR GEORGE HILL, B.A. 
 
 OF JESUS COLL. 
 
 CONTAINING AN ARCHITECTURAL ACCOUNT OF THE CHURCHES, 
 
 REMARKS UPON, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF, OLD BRASSES AND TOMBS, 
 
 INSCRIPTIONS, &c. ; 
 
 HISTORIES OF THE MANORS, AND PEDIGREES OF ANCIENT FAMILIES 
 
 CONNECTED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACES:— 
 
 BOURN, BOTTISHAM, CAXTON, CHESTERTON, ELSWORTH, 
 
 ELTISLEY, FEN DITTON, FOXTON, FULBOURN, 
 
 GRANTCHESTER, HAUXTON, HILDERSHAM, HISTON, OVER, 
 
 QUY, GREAT SHELFORD, LITTLE SHELFORD, 
 
 SWAVESEY, AND WILLINGHAM ; 
 
 GIVING ALSO THE ARMS OF THE VARIOUS FAMILIES. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 JSrinteo for tlje SLufyoz bp 
 
 WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, 
 
 STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS. 
 l880. 
 
Rec'd uc lb tNVI 
 
 DEC 9 1988 
 
 £W/ 
 
 i 
 
Cwl( 
 
 h)\ll 
 
 r 
 
 IJrefate. 
 
 The following architectural and historical sketches of some 
 of the more interesting churches in Cambridgeshire, have 
 been compiled from notes taken and collected by myself at 
 various times during my residence at Cambridge. 
 
 They do not, of course, pretend to give anything like 
 an exhaustive history of the parishes, but all the more 
 interesting historical facts have, I trust, been mentioned. 
 
 The architectural criticisms (if such they may be called) 
 are original, though since some of the churches were visited, 
 restoration has, I believe, caused considerable alterations 
 in the fabric, and incongruities of late date have been 
 removed. It will be seen that I have not omitted noticing 
 the late monuments or slabs of the 17th and 18th cen- 
 turies, as, though these are not generally mentioned in 
 such books as this, yet there is always some interest 
 attached to them. 
 
 A great deal of information has been obtained from the 
 valuable Ms collections of William Cole (the antiquary of 
 the last century) in the Library of the British Museum; 
 and the Mss of Lysons, Layer and Blomefield, besides 
 various printed authorities, have also been consulted. The 
 lists of rectors and vicars are taken from Cole and 
 
iv Preface. 
 
 Mason, but I have not always been able to obtain them 
 complete. 
 
 I have material enough to form some two other volumes 
 similar to this, taking in other churches in the county, and 
 I hope before long to be able to throw some more light 
 on the parochial history of Cambridgeshire, though much 
 has been done by abler pens than mine. 
 
 Arthur G. Hill. 
 
 Hampstead, March 1880. 
 
©ricjinal ^utotrflbcvs. 
 
 Prof. Babington, M.A., F.R.S., S. John's Coll. 
 
 Prof. Humphry, M.D., F.R.S., Downing Coll. 
 Rev. N. Green Armytage, M.A. 
 R. A. Atkins, Esq., S. Asaph, Flint. 
 E. W. T. Beck, Esq., Rome. 
 H. A. Beeforth, Esq., B.A., Sidney Coll. 
 G. L. Beeforth, Esq., Hampstead. 
 W. T. Best, Esq., Liverpool. 
 Rev. G. F. Browne, B.D., S. Catharine's Coll. 
 G. H. Brook, Esq., Jesus Coll. 
 
 Rev. W. B. Bliss, M.A., Wicken Rectory, Newport, Essex. 
 Rev. F. B. Butler, M.A., Haileybury Coll., Hertford. 
 R. C. Catling, Esq., J. P., Needham Hall, Wisbech. 
 Rev. E. Cheere, M.A., Papworth Hall, S. Ives. 
 E. T. Chipp, Esq., Mus. D., Ely. 
 G. F. Cobb, Esq., M.A., Trinity Coll. 
 Rev. M. K. Cooper, B.A., Jesus Coll. 
 H. E. Corbett, Esq., B.A., Trinity Coll. (2 copies). 
 Rev. E. W. Cory, M.A., Meldreth, Royston. 
 L. H. Cust, Esq., Trinity Coll. 
 J. Osborn Daintree, Esq., Swavesey Manor. 
 Messrs. Deighton, Bell, & Co., Cambridge (3 copies). 
 A. Donkin, Esq., B.A., Jesus Coll. 
 G. Elgood, Esq., S. George's Terrace, N.W. 
 Rev. Canon Errington, M.A., Ladbroke Rectory, Rugby. 
 
vi Original Subscribers. 
 
 Rev. C. J. Fuller, M.A., Primrose Hill, N.W. 
 
 C. C. Fuller, Esq., F.R.C.S., S. Andrew's Place, N.W. 
 
 J. E. Foster, Esq., M.A., Trinity Coll. 
 
 W. M. Fawcett, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., Jesus Coll. 
 
 Rev. A. Gedge, M.A., Ludboro' Rectory, Lincolnshire. 
 
 Sidney Gedge, Esq., M.A., The Hall, Mitcham, Surrey. 
 
 Rev. R. Goodwin, M.A., Hildersham, Linton. 
 
 Mr. G. F. Graham, York Terrace, N. 
 
 Mr. J. Hall, Trumpington St., Cambridge. 
 
 H. Hayes, Esq., Exeter Coll., Oxford. 
 
 W. Parker-Hamond, Esq., M.A., J.P., Pampisford Hall. 
 
 H. C. Henriquez, Esq., B.A., Caius Coll. 
 
 Thomas Hill, Esq., Hampstead (5 copies). 
 
 Rev. J. Harwood Hill, B.A., F.S.A., Cranoe Rectory, Market 
 
 Harboro'. 
 Miss Hill, Gloucester Rd., Regent's Pk., N.W. 
 E. Byam Hodge, Esq., Trinity House, E.C. 
 Rev. F. G. Howard, M.A., Trinity Coll. 
 Rev. H. M. Ingram, M.A., S. Peter's Coll., Westminster. 
 A. A. Jackson, Esq., Harley Rd., N.W. 
 Rev. F. G. Jenyns, M.A., Bottisham Hall. 
 Rev. C. A. Jones, M.A., Westminster. 
 Rev. W. Kingsley, M.A., S. Kilvington Rectory, Thirsk. 
 G. Leveson-Gower, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., Titsey Place, Limpsfield. 
 R. I. Lodge, Esq., The Grove, Highgate, N. 
 Rev. G. G. Lynn, M.A., Coniscliffe Vicarage, Darlington. 
 J. Marshall, Esq., B.A., Trinity Coll. 
 A. Measor, Esq., Trinity House, E.C. 
 E. G. Monk, Esq., Mus. D., York. 
 Rev. H. A. Morgan, M.A., Jesus Coll. 
 Rev. E. H. Morgan, M.A., Jesus Coll. 
 Miss Martin, Littleport, Ely. 
 
Original Stcbscribers. vii 
 
 T. H. Naylor, Esq., M.A., J. P., Chesterton, Cambridge. 
 
 B. G. Nevinson, Esq., M.A., Torrington Square, W.C. 
 H. F. Newall, Esq., B.A., Trinity Coll. 
 
 H. W. Pemberton, Esq., M.A., Trumpington Hall. 
 
 O. C. Pell, Esq., M.A., Wilburton Manor, Ely. 
 
 Mrs. T. Pendered, Wellingboro' Northants. 
 
 W. R. Richardson, Esq., B.A., Trinity Coll. 
 
 R. Reynolds Rowe, Esq., F.S.A., Park House, Cambridge. 
 
 A. S. Ruston, Esq., M.A., Aylesbury House, Chatteris. 
 
 J. F. Scholfield, Esq., B.A., Trinity Coll. 
 
 J. G. Schrader, Esq., Caius Coll. 
 
 Hon. and Rev. C. F. O. Spencer, M.A., Sutton, Ely. 
 
 Rev. C. B. Scott, D.D., Westminster. 
 
 Rev. T. Sheepshanks, M.A., Arthington Hall, Otley. 
 
 J. Spode, Esq., Hawkesyard Park, Rugeley. 
 
 A. Sperling, Esq., M.A., Lattenbury Hill, S. Ives. 
 
 Capt. Sidney Stanley, M.A., Longstowe Hall. 
 
 C. Steggall, Esq., Mus. D., Lincoln's Inn. 
 C. Symmons, Esq. 
 
 A. Thorold, Esq., Manchester. 
 
 Miss Thorold (the late), Hampstead. 
 
 T. Taylor, Esq., S. Catharine's Coll. 
 
 R. L. Twells, Esq., B.A., Jesus Coll. (2 copies) 
 
 E. Underhill, Esq., Jesus Coll. 
 
 Rev. Canon Underwood, M.A., Histon. 
 
 H. Wilson, Esq., Bruntwood, Cheadle, Manchester. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Walker, Corpus Christi Coll. 
 
 R. V. Wilson, Esq., Jesus Coll. 
 
 W. Winkley, Esq., F.S.A., Harrow. 
 
 Rev. B. Hale Wortham, B.A., Shepreth, Royston. 
 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 |j>. anfcrcto's, piston, 
 
 IE church of S. Andrew, Iliston, in the hundred 
 and deanery of Chesterton, and county of 
 Cambridge, deserves much attention, both from 
 the antiquary and the architect. It is situated 
 about two miles north-east of Cambridge. This village once 
 boasted of two churches, S. Andrew's and S. Etheldreda's, 
 whereas now only the former exists. Cole, the famous 
 antiquary of the i8th century, and contemporary of Horace 
 Walpole, gives us nearly all the information we possess 
 concerning these two churches, and from him is taken the 
 substance of the description following. In Cole's time 
 the knowledge of architecture was very imperfect, and 
 indeed at this period we may almost fix the lowest degree 
 to which ecclesiastical art has fallen since the Reformation, 
 at any rate as regards Gothic. In his remarks he scarcely 
 ever uses technical terms, only expressing his ideas of any 
 feature in a church by the rather ambiguous adjective 
 of " neat " or " unsightly." Certainly he was a careful 
 antiquary, and has taken the greatest pains to copy registers 
 and documents of all sorts, which are now extremely 
 valuable, as many of the originals are lost. 
 
 B 2 
 
Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 C&e manors. 
 
 There are two manors in Histon, S. Andrew's and S. 
 Etheldreda's, and it will perhaps be the best plan to begin 
 with an account of their history. 
 
 Cole says : " Histon was not long since two parishes, and 
 distinguished by the severall churche dedication, to witt, 
 Histon S. Andrew and Histon S. Etheldred ; which last 
 church I take it is prostrated and both become one parishe, 
 a large village, and standeth about two miles north-east of 
 Cambridge, not far from the Fenns, and is very fruitfull and 
 not unhealthfullie situated." 
 
 It appears that originally these two villages of SS. 
 Andrew and Etheldreda were wholly of the see of the 
 Bishop of Lincoln, and were two manors. 
 
 " Henry de Colville held two knights' fees in Histon of 
 the said Bishop of Lincolne," in the 22nd year of King 
 Henry III. Then also the Abbot of Eynesham in Oxford- 
 shire, and he owed suit and sheriff's aid, and " there belonged 
 to the fee of the said abbot fifteen hides £eldable and held 
 in soccage of the said Bishop of Lincolne and oweth pon- 
 tage." The hundred roll shows that the abbot and convent 
 of Eynesham held in Histon fifteen hides in land, meadow 
 and pasture in alms, of the feoffment of the Bishop of 
 Lincoln, and the bishop held of the king in capite, and that 
 his lands are geldable, and he "oweth suit to the county 
 and hundred, and payeth yearlie for the sheriffes ayde and 
 pontage when it happeneth, whereof of the said fifteen hides 
 of land he holdeth in demeane X xx of one acre and a half 
 and one rood of arable land and 10 of a meadow, and he 
 holdeth the church of S. Etheldreda, of the said village, in 
 proper use, and he hath a windmill." 
 
His ton. 5 
 
 Lysons, in his " Magna Britannia," states that the manor 
 of S. Andrew was anciently called Colvilles, after being in 
 the possession of that family. 
 
 Peter de Champnet appears to have held twelve acres of 
 the manor, and he paid yearly $s. to the abbot. 
 
 Robert Baynard, Knight, and the abbot were lords of this 
 manor in the 9th year of King Edward II. 
 
 In 1391, the 15th of King Richard II., Philip Tylney, 
 Knight, by the king's licence, gave this manor with the 
 advowson of the church of S. Andrew in Histon, and seven 
 messuages, &c. in Waterbeach, to the abbess and convent of 
 Denny, " holden of the Bishop of Lincolne by the service 
 of two knights' fees." 
 
 Henry de Colville's manor came to Philip dc Colville in 
 the 24th of Edward I. This Philip de Colville founded a 
 chantry in S. Andrew's Church in pure alms for his own 
 soul, and the souls of his father and mother, and en- 
 dowed it with various lands in Histon, Impington, Hoketon, 
 and Cotenham : "Testes: D'nus Robcrtus, de Insula de 
 Rampton ; D'nus Petrus de Chavent, de Impiton ; Rob' de 
 Bokesworth; Jacobus de Histon," &c. John de Colville 
 held in Histon twenty-one hides of land, meadow and 
 pasture, with the advowson of S. Andrew, of the Bishop of 
 Ely, for one knight's fee. 
 
 At the dissolution of the monasteries, the manor of S. 
 Andrew was granted by the Crown to Sir William Boyer, 
 Knight and Alderman of London ; who bequeathed it to 
 Alice Searle, his niece. 
 
 The manor of S. Etheldreda remained in possession of 
 the Prior of Eynesham till the Dissolution, when it was 
 given by the Crown to Sir Thomas Eliot, Knight, who left 
 it to his nephew, Richard Puttenham, Esquire (Cole says 
 Puttington), son of Margaret, Sir Thomas's sister, called the 
 
Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 manor of Histon-Evesham, with the appurtenances in 
 Histon, Hoggington, Denny, Impington, Girton, Milton, 
 and Landbeach, and the appropriation of the rectory of 
 Histon-Evesham, with the advowson, donation of the vicar- 
 age, &c. 
 
 It then was sold into the hands of the Hindes ; Sir John 
 Hinde of Madingley, Knight, being the first of his family 
 who possessed it. He died "seised thereof in the 2nd year 
 of King Edward VI." 
 
 At his death it fell to Sir Francis Hinde, Knight, and his 
 younger son Edward sold it to Humphrey Gardiner, Esquire, 
 descended from a family of that name at Macclesfield in 
 Cheshire, who " held the scite of the manner of Evesham- 
 Awdrey, alias Histon-Evesham, two messuages, 360 acres of 
 land, &c." This manor remained in the Gardiner family 
 for several generations. Hoste Archer, Esquire, the last of 
 his family, being successor to the Gardiners, on dying in 
 1740 bequeathed the two manors to Mr. Guy Sindey, town 
 clerk of Cambridge, who devised them to Thomas Sumpter, 
 Esquire. The manor has been in this family until now. 
 
 It appears that when the Abbot of Eynesham was lord 
 of the manor he sold it, containing fifteen hides of land, "by 
 fee of the fine of the Bishop of Lincolne," who in his turn 
 held it of the king by knight's service in capite, and " by 
 paying pontage money for repairing the great bridge in 
 Cambridge when it should happen to be in decay." 
 
 Thus far then we have given a history of the manors of 
 SS. Andrew and Etheldreda. At the present time they 
 still exist in name, but their boundaries are no longer 
 definable. Having then done with the manors, we come to 
 describe the churches. 
 
Hist 071. 
 
 %. tfEt&cl&rctia's. 
 
 This church, as was mentioned before, is now demolished, 
 but it owes its destruction to the hand of man, not that of 
 time. In the year 1600, Sir Francis Hinde, being lord of 
 the manor, having need of materials to build his mansion 
 at Madingley with, deliberately pulled down the sacred 
 edifice and carted away its stones and timbers to carry on 
 the construction of his house ! This sacrilegious act is a 
 lasting disgrace to the family of Hinde, and but too well 
 shows the religious tone of that age, when men had no 
 respect for the beautiful churches which were reared by the 
 zeal and devotion of their ancestors. In Wharton's Life 
 of Archbishop Laud, in his " Annual Account of his 
 Province to the King " is the following appeal, among other 
 grievances : — 
 
 " Lastly it was likewise presented to the Bishop that, 
 about forty years ago, one Sir Francis Hind did pull down 
 the church of S. Etheldreda in Histon, to which there 
 appertained a vicarage presentative, and fore'd the parish- 
 ioners to thrust themselves upon another small church in the 
 said town (S. Andrew's), to the great wrong of the parish- 
 ioners thereof ; and that the lead, timber, stones, bells, and 
 all other materials were sold away by him or imployed to 
 the building of his house at Madingley : and that now it is 
 called in question the people (not being able of themselves 
 to re-edifie the church) can get no redress against the de- 
 scendants from the said Sir Francis, because the heir was a 
 child, and in wardship to your majesty." This " account " 
 was written in 1639. 
 
 Some interesting fragments of the old church of S. 
 
8 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Etheldreda were discovered at Madingley some few years 
 ago, when the proprietors were pulling down the long and 
 unfinished gallery at the south end of the hall. Curiously 
 enough, the chancel of S. Andrew's, Histon, was then under- 
 going restoration, and the same contractor had charge of 
 both works. The gallery at Madingley was faced with 
 ordinary red brick ; but on removing this many of the 
 mouldings and tracery of the windows brought from S. 
 Etheldreda's were brought to light. Some of these inter- 
 esting fragments still bore clear traces of the colouring 
 which originally adorned them. 
 
 The then vicar of Histon carefully collected all the old 
 stones which could be used, and they now face the walls 
 of S. Andrew's chancel. There is some satisfaction in 
 knowing that these fragments have again found a place in 
 consecrated ground. Cole says that " S. Etheldreda's stood 
 west of S. Andrew's, about a furlong off, of which there is 
 not a stone left ; this was a vicarage formerly in y e 
 patronage of y e abby of Eynsham in y e county of Oxon, 
 but was under y e same patron as S. Andrew's church." 
 
 There is no mention of either church in the journal of 
 Dowsing, the spoiler of churches in the county, during the 
 Great Rebellion. 
 
 In the archdeacon's book in the Library of Caius College, 
 Cambridge, is the following entry, which is interesting : — 
 
 " Ecc'a Sc'e Etheld' de Hyston, app'ata Abbati de Eynes- 
 ham, taxatur ad xxiiij marc' solvit pro synodal' ijs iiijd. 
 Procur' xviijd. Den' Sc'i Pet' ijs. Ornamcnta sunt h' iij 
 Missal (unu' in duobus volu'ibus) unum gradalebonu' alia ij 
 debilia ij t'pia processional (etmartilog in unovol'me)ordinale 
 bonu' ij legende ij Antiph' ij Psalt'ia tribulu' bonu' luc'na 
 bona, t'a p'ia vcstimentor' (vii) cu' ptin calix bonus. (Et un' 
 calix de novo flo) iij suppcllic J. Rochet' crismalor' bonu'. 
 
His ton. 9 
 
 Unu' portifor' de dono d'ni Pet' vicarii, velum ij cruces luc'na 
 t'rbutu vexilla iij fiole iij paria vestimentor'." 
 
 In the taxation of 1255 the church of S. Etheldreda was 
 rated at 20 marks, and in the Verus Valor of 1291 the entry- 
 is, " Eccl'ia de Hyston Abb'is 20. o. o." In the archdeacon's 
 book of 1306 it is taxed at the rate of 24 marks, and in 
 the king's books at £7 16s. 2d. It paid also in 1306 2s. ^d. 
 for synodals, iSd. for Procurations, and 2s. for Peter's Pence. 
 In 1728 it is rated at ^20. In 15 16 the same sum appears 
 to have been charged for Peter's Pence and Procurations, 
 but I4d. for synodals, and lSd. for Ely Farthings, with a 
 pension of 6d. for the Archdeacon of Ely. The vicar paid 
 ,£1 5s. y\d. to the Crown in 1 57 1 . 
 
 " Ecc'a Sc'e Etheldrede de Histon, appropriata abb' de 
 Euesham, taxatur ad 24 marcas. Solvit pro synod' 2.v. 4^/. 
 Procur' 18^/. — Denar' Sc'e Pet' 2s. — Ornamentasunt li.ee, &c. 
 
 "Histon,S. Etheklred. Valet in regiis libris £18 13s. $%d. 
 Solvit Xmas 15^. j\d. — Procur' 2s. Sd. — Vicar ib'm lid. 
 
 " 1291. Eccl'ia de Histon Sc'a Etheldrcdae taxatur ad 
 ?- - m. Decimatur 26s. Bd. 
 
 XX 
 
 "1290-1. Eccl'ia de Histon abbatis taxatur ad 20/. Vicar 
 ejusd' £4 6s. Sd. 
 
 "Bona Abbatis de Eynesham in Histonc taxantur ad 
 £58 3* \dr 
 
 The last three quotations are taken from Cole. 
 The following is a list of vicars collected from Cole and 
 Mason : — 
 
 1349. J oh. Syger. 
 
 1377. D'nus Henricus vicarius- 
 
 1393. Tho. Kyng de Harewell. 
 
 1395. Hen. Syger. 
 
 1397. Tho. Barton. 
 
 1403. Will atte Hill de Marsham. 
 
 B 3 
 
io Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Jho. Willam. 
 
 1406. Tho. Mowton. 
 1447. J oh. Belingate. 
 1459. Will. Vale. 
 1491. Joh. Hopkyn. 
 
 Fulco Briggs. 
 
 1539. Christ. Whalley. 
 
 Jho. Roberts. 
 
 1555. Joh. Lol worth. 
 1 561. Joh. Elwode. 
 1577. R °b- Leake. 
 
 1595. • Harrison. 
 
 1607. John Jackson. 
 
 With this list we come to the end of our history of 
 S. Etheldreda's ; and though it is but a short account, it 
 contains nearly all that can be collected concerning this 
 desecrated church. 
 
 We will now endeavour to give a more interesting 
 description of the church of 
 
 ft, annreto's. 
 
 Cole, in his account of this church, begins thus : "July 
 14, 1745. This church is a very regular building in 
 y e shape of a cross, with a square tower in y e middle, 
 between y e nave and chancel ; in it hang 5 good bells, 
 and a small bell in y e small spire without serves for a 
 clock. The nave, 2 side Isles, 2 cross Isles, and a south 
 porch are all leaded, but y e chancel is tiled. The parish 
 is now repairing y e outside of y e church, it being but in 
 ordinary condition; besides they have 10 or 12 pounds a 
 year, as y e dark told me, to keep y e church in repair. 
 The chancel has been longer, or y e E. end of it has fallen 
 
His ton. 1 1 
 
 down, for y e present wall is modern, of wood and mortar, 
 the whole in nasty order." 
 
 In the year 1676 there were 240 inhabitants. "No 
 recusants and 12 dissenters." 
 
 The deed of foundation from the archdeacon's book in 
 Caius College Library is interesting, and runs as follows : 
 " Noverint universi xpi fideles prcsentes has inspecturi vel 
 audituri quod hec est convencio facta inter d'nm philippum 
 de coleuil filiu' henrici de coleuil ex una parte, et d'nm 
 petru' de gretton capellanum ex altera parte : viz quod 
 predictus philippus pro salute anime sue, et pro a'iabus 
 omnium fidelium defunctorum dedit et concessit deo et 
 beate marie et omnibus sc'is, et predicto petro ct succes- 
 soribus suis in pura et pcrpetua elemosina totum illud 
 messuagium quod Willus de la March quondam tenuit in 
 villa de Histon ... ad divina in ecclesia sancti andree 
 de Histon ad altare beate marie ejusdem ecclesie per se ucl 
 per ydoneam personam secundum formam subscriptam in 
 perpetuum celebranda .... viz quod predictus petrus et 
 successores sui qualibet die dicat servicium de defunctis 
 sc. placebo et dirigo, et cantabunt vel cantare faciunt in 
 ipsa ecclesia pro a'iabus predictis et pro dicto petro qualibet 
 die dominica, die lunae, die martis et die mercurii requiem, 
 die jovis de sco spiritu, die veneris de sea cruce, die 
 sabbati de gloriosa virgine maria et si aliud festum inter- 
 venit fiat servicium de festo pro a'iabus predictis, et pro 
 predicto petro a . . . habenda et tenenda . . . reddendo 
 inde annuatim d'no archidiacono eliensi qui pro tempore 
 fuerit ad propriam sinodum post festum sci michaelis 
 celebratam, sex denarios per omnibus que aliquo modo de 
 predicto messuagio . . . exigi possunt, salvo predicto 
 servicio et predicto cantaria. 
 
 " Predictus vero philippus et heredes sui warrantizabunt 
 
1 2 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 defendent et acquietabunt . . . omnia predicta contra 
 omnes homines, tarn christianos quam judasos, et dotes de 
 omnibus secularibus demandis predictum servicium . . . Et 
 ad hec omnia et singula in forma predicta facienda . . . 
 subjiciunt se tarn predictus philippus . . . quam predictus 
 petrus . . . potestati archidiaconi eliensis . . . quod possit 
 eos excommunicare de die in diem sine aliqua causa cog- 
 nitione . . . vult etiam ... si predictus petrus . . . decesserit 
 seu in religionem ingressus fuerit seu aliquo modo 
 predictam celebrationem amiserit, quod idem philippus . . . 
 possit presentare d'no archidiacono infra xl dies proximos 
 sequentes ydoneam personam . . . etsi non . . . perliceat 
 eidem archidiacono statim post illos." 
 
 In Pope Innocent's taxation, A.D. 1255, this church is 
 rated at 16 marks, " Decimatur 10s. Sd." The priors of 
 Barnwell and Halle have 2 marks each. In the taxation of 
 Pope Nicholas, in 1290, its value was £ij 6s. Sd. 
 
 " 1291. Eccl'ia de Histon Sc'i Andree taxatur ad ~ m. 
 
 > XVI 
 
 Decimatur 21s. ^.d." 
 
 " 1 290-1. Eccl'ia Sc'i Andreae de Hystone taxatur ad 
 £\J 6s. Sd. Portio prioris de Bernewelle in eadem 2 m." 
 
 Cole says : " Histon S. Andrew's. Vicarage. Valet in 
 regiis libris ^29 os. 6\d. Solvit Xmas 12s. S%d." 
 
 In the king's books the entry is : — 
 
 " Histon Andree vicar, val vj vij i'ujd. 
 
 Xma xij viiij 
 Cantaria ib'm valet xxvj viij 
 
 Xma ij viij." 
 
 Fleetwood, Bishop of Ely in 1714-23, says that in his 
 time it paid $s. procurations. Now the vicar pays is. id., 
 and the impropriator, $s. A pension of 2s. was also 
 formerly paid to the archbishop. In 1571 the vicar paid 
 \2s. Syi. to the Crown. 
 
His ton. 1 3 
 
 In the Domesday is the following : — 
 
 " Histon in Hundr' de Cesterton. Hen de Colevile tenet 
 feod 2 milit de Epo Lincoln ib'm Abb'a feod Eynesham 
 debet I sect et de aux vie 8s. et sunt ib'm de feod ejusd' 
 abbatis 15 hid geld et tenet in socag de Epo Lincoln et 
 pontag e Rotulo feod Com Cant." 
 
 There is a difference between the valuation in the arch- 
 deacon's book and that of 1290, as will be seen by this 
 extract from the archdeacon's book : " Ecc'a Sc'i Andree 
 de Histon, appropriata Abb' de Evesham, taxatur ad 24 
 marcas — Solvit pro synod' 2s. 4<7. — Procur' \Sd. — Denar Sc'i 
 Pet' 2s. — Ornamenta sunt haec, &c." 
 
 In 1 5 16 the same sum was charged for Peter's Pence and 
 cf\d. for Ely Farthings. 
 
 Reverting for a moment to the earlier history of S. 
 Andrew's, we find that in the " Inquisitiones facte 1 5 
 Richard II.," there is the entry : 
 
 "Juratores dicunt quod non est ad dampnum regis 
 . ... si rex concedat Tho. Tylncy et aliis quod ipsi 
 maneriu' de Histon cum advoc' Eccl'ie ejusdem . . . dare 
 possint abbatisse et conventui de Denney et quod man' et 
 advoc' predicta tenentur de Epo Lincoln' per servic' et ij 
 feod' militum." 
 
 The nuns seem to have come into possession of the 
 rectory in 1408, and in the register of Bishop Fordham 
 it states that the nuns and their abbess Margery appeared 
 at the Bishop's manor of Downham, and then the rectory 
 was formally made over to them. 
 
 John Knight of Croxton in 1503 left money to provide 
 the light of our Lady to burn for ever before the rood in 
 S. Andrew's. 
 
 The following is a list of rectors and vicars of S. 
 Andrew's : — 
 
14 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 Giles de Barrington \ 
 
 Ralph de Croperia \ temp. Richard I. 
 
 Brice I 
 
 1344. Joh. Nokect. 
 
 Hen. Coboyle. 
 
 1352. Nic. West. 
 
 1363. Joh. Calstyn. 
 
 1377. Joh. de Westwode. 
 
 1384. Rob. de Eltislee. 
 
 1388. Wil. de Selby. 
 
 1389. Nich. Heath. 
 
 1390. Tho. Haxley. 
 1399. J ho - L y le - 
 141 8. Wm. Baker. 
 
 Vicars. 
 1447. Joh. Mason. 
 1459. Joh. Cokefeld. 
 1464. Joh. Garthweyt. 
 1474. Joh. Ratclyff. 
 1477. Ric. Manser. 
 1489. Radul. Julian. 
 1522. Tho. Pellys. 
 1535. Rob. Chekering. 
 1 561. Joh. Elwood. 
 
 1595. Jackson. 
 
 1638. John Slegg. 
 1653. J. Ashley. 
 
 1694. Ditto. 
 
 1695. Tho. Scaife. 
 1723. Ditto. 
 1735. Joh. Scaife. 
 
His ton. 15 
 
 1775. Edm. Smith. 
 1 775 . Jk. Sprowle. 
 1789. J. Edwards, D.D. 
 1823. T. P. Mitchell. 
 Thomas Edwards exchanged with Jk. Sprowle. 
 In the Consistory Court of Ely, we find that a citation 
 was served upon Hen. Syger for contempt and disobe- 
 dience. He was rector of St. Etheldreda's. 
 
 William 'Vale, who died in 1491, left, plus a legacy to 
 St. Andrew's, the residue of his estates to St. Etheldreda's 
 (in the chancel of which he was buried before the high 
 altar), on condition that a mass with an obiit should be 
 yearly said for his soul, and ^d. paid to the officiating priest. 
 
 Having now finished the history of St. Etheldreda's and 
 the two manors, we will proceed to give a description of 
 the architectural features of the church of S. Andrew as 
 it now appears ; and as its complete restoration has been 
 effected during the last few years, and it is now one of the 
 most perfect churches in the county, its architectural merit 
 will be well worth recording. Before the restoration, the 
 church was much disfigured by tall " pews," and the north 
 transept was shut off and used as a sort of lumber-room. 
 But now we see a great change for the better, as will be 
 obvious by the following description. 
 
 The present vicar, the Rev. C. Underwood, M.A., has 
 been very active in bringing the church to its present 
 satisfactory condition. 
 
 The Interior. 
 
 Chancel. — The chancel of St. Andrew's, as it now appears, 
 presents some extremely beautiful work of the Early 
 English period (13th century). 
 
1 6 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 In giving the history of S. Etheldreda's, we mentioned 
 the fact of the chancel of S. Andrew's being restored at 
 the same time that the discovery of the old stones of 
 S. Etheldreda's took place at Madingley, and how these 
 stones were worked into the faces of the walls. To illustrate 
 the state of the chancel before restoration, we again quote 
 from Cole : " The chancel has been longer, or y e E. end of 
 it has fallen down, for y e present wall is modern, of wood 
 and mortar, the whole in nasty order." He was right in his 
 supposition that the chancel had been longer, as will be 
 shown. Until the restoration in 1874-5, the east end 
 consisted of an ugly Perpendicular window of wooden 
 mullions, and there was no priest's door, sedilia, or any of 
 the usual features of a chancel, visible. But on removing 
 the plaster and rubbish from the walls, two beautiful Early 
 English single lancet windows were discovered, one in 
 either wall, north and south, and near to the west end of 
 the chancel. Half the priest's door was discovered in the 
 north-east corner, and on the outside of this, on removing 
 the brickwork, a shaft supporting a head of the Virgin 
 was discovered. 
 
 From these circumstances, the conclusion was arrived at 
 that the chancel had extended another bay eastward. 
 This supposition was partly confirmed by the fact of a 
 Tudor door being found on the south side, which seemed to 
 have been put there to supply the want of the priest's door, 
 which had been cut off, in reducing the length of the 
 chancel. In the east wall also was found a single stone, 
 being the moulding of the arch of a window, no doubt the 
 original cast window. This single stone led to the produc- 
 tion of the beautiful window which now adorns the east 
 wall, and the identical stone now forms a portion of the 
 arch. It consists of three Early English arches, a large one 
 
Histon. 1 7 
 
 in the centre, and two smaller ones on either side. The 
 large centre arch encloses three slender lancets of singularly- 
 graceful proportions, making five lancets in all. The 
 mouldings are extremely rich, and profusely adorned with 
 the dog-tooth ornament. 
 
 The north and south walls both contain three windows, a 
 single lancet and two double lancets, all of which are of the 
 same period and delicacy as the cast window. There is 
 an excellent double sedilia in the south wall. The roof 
 is barrel-headed and well panelled. 
 
 Sir G. Gilbert Scott undertook the restoration of the 
 chancel, as indeed the whole of the church save the nave. 
 The chancel windows are now filled with some very rich 
 stained glass, by Mayer of Munich. The chancel is now 
 newly paved with encaustic tiles. The original oak stalls, 
 partly restored, are against the north and south walls. 
 
 There was originally a chancel-screen, but this was so 
 dilapidated that it was taken away at the restoration, but 
 enough of it remains in the possession of the vicar to afford 
 the model for a new one. Screens appear to have been a 
 particular object of destruction during the great tumults of 
 the Reformation and Great Rebellion, as there are but 
 comparatively few remaining in this country at the present 
 time, though a chancel-screen was originally an essential 
 feature in every church. The cause of destruction was 
 probably on account of paintings or carvings of saints that 
 often adorned them, and screens were thus placed, in common 
 with many other " ornaments of the church," in the ridicu- 
 lous category of "superstitions," and were accordingly 
 doomed to destruction. 
 
 Transepts. — Of the two transepts, the south one is perhaps 
 the most interesting, architecturally speaking, though the 
 two are on the whole similar. 
 
Ca mbrido-esh ire Ch u rch es. 
 
 Before restoration, these transepts were in a very bad 
 condition, as was the whole church, which was filled with 
 frightful high pews. These happily have now been swept 
 away, and their place occupied by open seats. The south 
 transept has been the mortuary chapel of the Sumpter 
 family for the last century, and their tombs still remain 
 under the seats. 
 
 The east wall has two exquisite Early English bays, each 
 enclosing triple lancets. These bays are beautifully rich 
 in moulding and supported by clusters of slender shafts, 
 divided in the middle by moulded bands. The middle 
 cluster of the three, however, has been cut away, and in its 
 place a delicate decorated niche and canopy has been in- 
 serted. The corbel forming the base of this niche was 
 wanting before the restoration, but now a sculptured group 
 of small figures, representing the burial of S. Catherine by 
 angels, restores the niche to its original character. The 
 spandrels of the large bays are filled in with quatrefoils and 
 trefoils, with rounded cusps. Round the south and west walls 
 runs a beautiful Early English trefoiled arcade of six bays, 
 four on the south and two on the west wall. The arches 
 of this arcade are supported on slender shafts, with moulded 
 caps and bases of a very pure style. In this south wall 
 also is a remarkably fine double piscina (indicating the 
 former existence of an altar against the east wall) of inter- 
 lacing semicircular arches, on three Purbeck shafts. The 
 tracery of this piscina is double, having an extremely rich 
 effect. 
 
 The spandrels of the arcade are filled with quatrefoils 
 and trefoils of a similar character to those over the large 
 bays in the east wall, only smaller. A large Early Perpen- 
 dicular window fills the south wall, immediately above the 
 arcade. A single Early English base is seen to the right of 
 
His ton. 19 
 
 this window in the wall, resting on the top horizontal 
 moulding of the arcade, so that no doubt originally there 
 was a window there, like those in the east wall, which has 
 been replaced by this large five-light Perpendicular one. 
 The west wall has a two-light Perpendicular window in it, 
 over the arcade. Here also is an arch leading into the 
 south aisle. The shafts of this arch are semicircular and 
 crowned with caps, decorated with oak-leaf foliage. A good 
 modern Early English screen separates this transept from 
 the part of the chancel under the tower. The lancets in 
 the east wall are filled with excellent glass by Clayton and 
 Bell. This south transept was restored in 1S71 by the 
 widow of W. R. Sumpter, Esq. 
 
 The north transept is precisely similar to the south one, 
 with the exception of the two Early English bays in the 
 east wall, being filled in with Perpendicular windows instead 
 of triple lancets. Before restoration, this part of the church 
 was boarded off and made into a vestry and receptacle for 
 gravediggers' implements and such like, and the arcading 
 was greatly mutilated, as was also that in the south transept. 
 A deep coal-hole was made under the floor. One bay of 
 the arcade was made into a fireplace. Forty years ago this 
 transept was used as the parish school ! 
 
 There is a double piscina similar to that in the south 
 transept. In front of the southernmost of the two Perpen- 
 dicular windows in the east wall is placed a Perpendicular 
 niche with a parapet top : this is empty. In all probability 
 this transept was a chantry chapel, and the southern one 
 the Lady chapel. Screens used to shut them off from the 
 chancel ; we mentioned that the one in the south transept 
 had been restored. A curious overlapping of the tracery 
 occurs in the arcades here, just where it springs from the 
 shafts, forming a S. Andrew's cross, symbolical of the saint 
 
20 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 to whom the church is dedicated. The arch leading into 
 the north aisle is similar to that by which the south one is 
 entered, only it has plain moulded caps to its shafts. 
 
 The roofs in each transept have been restored after the 
 original design. In moving the position of the vestry door, 
 some good specimens of late Norman work were found, 
 which, together with numerous stones in the courses of the 
 outer walls of the nave and in the west wall of the church, 
 all point to the conclusion that the Early English church 
 as it now stands was built upon a late Norman substruc- 
 ture, and many of the stones in the outer courses bear the 
 rough chevron of that period. 
 
 The Tower from the interior is supported on low arches, 
 which somewhat obstruct the view of the chancel from the 
 nave. The tower seems to have a story of its own. The 
 buttresses are all filled up with solid masonry, but in the 
 nave there still exist the outer columns, and by removing 
 one of the stones of the face the old 13th-century work 
 was discovered. It therefore seems probable that the 
 original tower was tottering, and it was attempted to 
 remedy this by filling in the recesses of the buttresses with 
 solid work. This, however, was either insufficient, or after 
 another period of decay it became necessary to take down 
 the tower ; and the present one was built upon the buttresses 
 of the west, but in and against those of the east. Thus, all the 
 work within eighteen inches or so of the east wall was found 
 to be rubble, while the remainder was solid, or of later date. 
 Also the east wall of the transept is nearly three feet to the 
 east of the tower wall in that direction, and in the chancel 
 there still remain solid buttresses of four feet square, against 
 which the present tower was built. These massive square 
 buttresses have now been cut away and bevelled off, and 
 made to correspond with those opposite them in the transept, 
 
Hist 0)1. 21 
 
 and now are just behind the west end of the stalls. Also 
 the columns now existing were cut out of these blocks and 
 surmounted with caps at the spring, similar to those at the 
 west. The belfry floor was raised to show the tops of the 
 tower arches. There is sufficient evidence to show that the 
 whole of the chancel, tower arches, and transept walls were 
 once richly illuminated, as traces of the chevron are visible 
 in the tower arch. 
 
 The approach to the belfry was by means of an octagonal 
 wooden winding staircase, standing in the north transept. 
 There were five bells, three of which were cracked, and the 
 other two nearly useless. One of these bore the inscription 
 
 "Cantabo lattHeg tttacf per atria." 
 
 The staircase has now been removed, and a way made 
 behind the organ in the north aisle to the bell chamber. A 
 new set of five bells has been cast from the old ones, not so 
 heavy, but quite as efficient. 
 
 The A isles. — The aisles and nave are of later date than 
 the rest of the church, being Perpendicular. The aisles are 
 separated from the nave by three arches supported on 
 octagonal piers. The south aisle has a door into it from a 
 porch without. There are two Perpendicular windows of 
 two lights each, west of this door, and a similar one at the 
 west end. There are good old roofs in the aisles supported 
 on corbels by a springing. The north aisle is similar to 
 the south one. 
 
 The Nave. — The nave and aisles were restored by F. W. 
 Bodley, Esq., and are roughly executed. There were 
 originally Perpendicular windows in the nave, but these 
 were replaced by rather pseudo Early English ones. The 
 octagonal piers are surmounted by capitals of a poor de- 
 scription. There are four clerestory windows on each side, 
 above the nave arcades, of two lights each. The font stands 
 
22 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 against one of the south piers, and has an octagonal basin 
 ornamented with sunken quatrefoils of two simple designs. 
 It is Perpendicular. 
 
 The Exterior. 
 
 It will be seen by what has been said of the interior, that 
 the church is cruciform in shape, with a tower at the inter- 
 section of the transepts. The south porch is of the 14th 
 century. Its inner doorway is decorated. This porch was 
 much mutilated before the restoration, but in stripping off 
 the plaster the old lines of the roof were found, and these 
 were followed in putting on a new roof. A small niche for 
 the patron saint was also found on the east side of the arch 
 of the doorway and above the stone which held the stoup. 
 The moulding of the stonework of this doorway is worthy 
 of inspection, and is deeply cut. The stones forming the 
 outer entrance to the porch are composed of old stone 
 coffins. 
 
 The tower is square and of two stages ; in each is a two-light 
 window. The buttresses are narrow, and are set diagonally. 
 The buttresses of the aisles are Perpendicular, and are of 
 three stages. There are Early English ones to the transepts 
 and chancel. The latter has eaves without parapet. Above 
 the south transept is the Crucifixion in stone, between the 
 figures of SS. Mary and John. 
 
 We now close our history of S. Andrew's, Histon, and 
 trust that everything of interest has been mentioned con- 
 nected with this beautiful church. 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 
 cjw<c 
 
 jfulbourn* 
 
 ULBOURN is an interesting village, lying 
 about three miles south-east of Cambridge, 
 in the deanery and hundred of Cambridge. 
 " Bourne" or " burn " in Saxon means " brook," 
 so that the village probably takes its name from its 
 situation on the mill-brook or stream. 
 
 Here originally were two churches, S. Vigor's and All 
 Saints ; but now only the former remains, All Saints having 
 fallen into such ruinous condition in the year 1766, that 
 the tower having fallen down, it was razed by authority of 
 Parliament. The true principles of renovation and restora- 
 tion were not fully understood then. 
 
 C6e manors. 
 
 There were several manors in Fulbourn, distinguished 
 by the names of their respective owners, viz. the manor 
 of Zouches in the parish of All Saints, manor of " Maners- 
 see," and the manors of Colville and Shardelowe. The chief 
 manor to which the church of All Saints belonged was 
 
 C 2 
 
24 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 given to the Earls of Richmond, till Alan de Rohan gave 
 the advowson to the abbey of Bon Repos in Normandy. 
 The Abbot of Bon Repos leased it in 1226 to the abbey of 
 Sawtry in Huntingdonshire, and at Alan's death the manor 
 escheated to the Crown. King John gave it to Roger de 
 Molbrai, and subsequently it was possessed by King 
 Henry III., who granted it in exchange for lands in 
 Brittany. 
 
 The manor of Zouches in the parish of All Saints was 
 given by the Conqueror to Alan de la Zouch, Earl of 
 Brittany, and continued in their family till about the year 
 1400, when it appears to have gone to John Botetort. Sir 
 Hugh Barnell died seised of it in 1420 ; Henry Bouchier, 
 Earl of Essex, in 1475 ; thence into the possession of 
 Henry Carey, Lord Hunsdon. After that the names of the 
 families of Dockuras and Tyrrells appear as possessors. 
 
 The manor of " Maners-see " came into the Zouch 
 family in 1360, after which it went with the manor of the 
 " Zouches " proper. 
 
 Concerning the manors of Colville and Shardelowe, Sir 
 John Colville was patron of the free chapel of S. Edmund 
 in Richard II. 's reign. The family of Wood had some 
 land here in the fifteenth century. Henry Bouchier, Earl 
 of Essex (died 23rd of Edward IV.), was seised of Colville, 
 Zouches, and Shardelowe manors in Fulburne.* 
 
 Blomefield says (referring to S. Vigor's), "There were 
 originally two manors ; that to which S. Vigor's church 
 belonged was first in the Crown, afterwards confirmed by 
 King Henry V. to the church of Ely, insesscd in the 
 Fitzwalters, of whom it was held of y e family surnamed de 
 Maneriis or Manors, for I find that Wm. de Mancriis held 
 it of Robert Fitzwalter, a knight of y c church of Ely, in 
 * Dugdalc's Baronage, vol. ii. p. 130. 
 
Fulbourn. 25 
 
 1256, and in 131 1 Baldwin de Maneriis sold it to John 
 Butetort, and in 1388 John Colville had it." 
 
 Fulbourn is one of the largest villages in the county, and 
 in Cole's time had fifty-two freeholders. It contains about 
 4000 acres of arable land. 
 
 ail faints Cfnircf). 
 
 As mentioned before, this church fell into ruins in the 
 last century, and has now disappeared. 
 
 "On Sunday, 25th May, 1766, about 5 in the morning, 
 the tower of All Saints church in Fulbourne, in which were 
 5 bells, entirely fell down, by which accident the body of 
 the church was greatly damaged."* Cole says he officiated 
 there {e.g. at S. Vigor's) on May 8, 1774, for Mr. Serocold, 
 the vicar of All Saints, and found the church " totally 
 ruined," the tower and roofs being gone. Three of the 
 bells were then lying in the church, as I suppose in situ, 
 after the fall of the tower. The oak benches and fittings 
 were then stolen by the people, who probably hastened the 
 ruin of the church by their depredations. 
 
 Cole was at Fulbourn in October 1747, and describes the 
 fabric thus : — " The church here is old and in no good 
 repair, consisting of a square tower, a spacious nave and 
 chancell partly ribed and partly thatched, 2 sides and isles 
 leaded, and y e new vestry dilapidated." 
 
 It was a vicarage in the gift of the Bishop of Ely, and 
 was valued in the king's books at £14 6s. i±d. Blomefield 
 says the church was appropriated to the Abbot of Sawtry 
 originally, who was taxed at £30 1 3-y. 4^. for it. The Bishop 
 of Ely reserved the collation to the vicarage upon its 
 appropriation. 
 
 * Camb. Chron., May 31, 1766. 
 
26 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 It paid $s. 6d. Peter's Pence. 
 
 There was a portifory of the gift of Robert de Filby, a 
 cup given by Richard Frebern, a vestment by John Svvyn, 
 and a manual by John Hawkistere, vicar. 
 
 All Saints stood in the same churchyard as S. Vigor's, 
 about " 6 or 7 feet south." There were some good stalls in 
 the church. In the north wall under a window close to 
 the screen there was a canopied tomb, which, however, was 
 divest of any recumbent figure. The nave had five bays 
 on either side. Cole mentions the matrices of several 
 brasses, particularly one lying in the centre of the nave ; 
 but upon hunting in the church chest, he found the original 
 brass, though the inscription was gone. This was a 
 memorial to Geoffrey Bishop, a very considerable bene- 
 factor to the parish, which represented him in eucharistic 
 vestments, with his hands crossed at the wrists, and a scroll 
 from the mouth. Blomefield has luckily preserved the 
 inscription, which was existing in 1727 — 
 
 C?ic jacet magister (Salfritms 33p0d;op quontiam 
 $ujus ettlme bicariue qui ofaiit secuntio Die 
 Mens. /2ob. a° £>'ni ffiill cccc° frrtoii 
 &UJ110 ai'e propicietut &eu8. 3men. 
 
 The land left to the parish by this vicar let in Cole's 
 time for £21 10s. per annum. He very sagely remarks, 
 " Methinks it is a pity that parishes who annually receive 
 so much money from so liberal a benefactor should grudge 
 the trifling expense of keeping his monument in repair." 
 
 There was a matrix of a 15th-century brass of a man 
 and wife, most likely commemorating one of the Wood 
 family. 
 
 There were two Jacobean monuments to the Farmer 
 family, with the arms — 
 
Fulbourn. 27 
 
 Vaire or and sab. for Farmer, impaling or, two talbots 
 pass, between two flanches sab. for Aldham. Crest, a 
 wivern az. 
 
 In the west window of the south aisle were the arms — 
 
 Az. a pastoral staff in pale, &c., for see of Canterbury ; 
 impaling ; quarterly I and 4 a cross engr. gu. between four 
 water-bougets sab. for Bouchier ; 2 and 3, gu. a fess arg. 
 between fourteen billets or, for Louaine ; all within a bordure 
 az. for Thomas Bouchier, Archbishop of Canterbury, and 
 Cardinal of S. Ciriac in Thermis, who died March 30, i486, 
 being bishop for fifty-one years. 
 
 Queen's College, Cambridge, had an estate here. 
 
 There was a silver-gilt cup and paten belonging to each 
 parish. On that of All Saints was an inscription — 
 
 311 $allotoc0 parisi) fjc Bono Johannes z&cbb, 1(333. 
 
 In various windows of the church were the arms — 
 
 1. Arg. a saltaire sab. between four martlets gu. for 
 Fulbournc. 
 
 2. Gu. ten bezants or, for Zouche. 
 
 3. Arg. a cross engr. gu. between four water-bougets sab. ; 
 quartered with gu., billity or., a fess arg., a bordure over 
 all, paled with the pall of Canterbury. 
 
 There was " a large charnel-house " under the chancel, 
 with an cast window, under the east window of the same. 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 1259. D'nus Nicholas de Ware. 
 
 M'gr. Willielmus vicarius o'iu Scr'm de Fulburn, 
 
 temp. Hugonis de Northwold Ep'i. 
 
 D'nus Willielmus vicarius o'iu Scr'm de Fulburn, 
 
 Capellanus Ep'i, temp. Will'i de Kilkenny Ep'i. 
 
Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1351. Joh' Petyt, Jan. 28, pr' p' W. Ward de F. 
 
 1360. D'nus Joh'es vicarius o'ium Sc'oru de Fulburne 
 
 (35 Edward III.). 
 1379. Hen. Palgrave, Feb. 3, p' resig. Joh' Haukeston. 
 
 1394. Joh' Wodhall, March 27, p' resig. Hen. Welle. 
 
 1395. Nic. Mockyng, July 27, p' resig. Wodhall. 
 
 x 475« John Downham, LL.B., Feb. 10, res. Galf. Bishop. 
 
 Tho. Massenger, May 8. 
 
 1478. Tho. Sevenson, July 25. 
 
 1489. Seth Aturcliffe, Aug. 9, res. Will'm Escham. 
 
 Wil. Brabant. 
 
 1526. Ric. Berkehede, Jan. 10. 
 
 1530. Geo. Berkehede, ob. Ric. Berkehede. 
 
 1540. Egid. Eyre, Sept. 25. 
 
 Hum. Busby. 
 
 Weinfrid Busby. 
 
 1580. Thos. Seagrave, Aug. 13, ob. Hum. Bissbye. 
 
 Hill. 
 
 1583. Thos. Seyron. 
 
 1630. John Hume, B.D. 
 
 1632. Rob. Fage Clere. 
 
 1695. John Willington. 
 
 1701. Squire Pain, Archdeacon of Stow. 
 
 17 1 3. John Perkins, M.A. 
 
 & Vigor's, 
 
 The church of S. Vigor's, as it now appears after the 
 late successful restoration, is one of the most interesting in 
 that part of the country. The following is a description of 
 it in its present state. 
 
 It consists of chancel, nave, north and south aisles, and 
 north and south transepts or sacristies. 
 
Fulbourn. 29 
 
 The chancel is adorned by an Early English window of 
 five lancets, all of which are contained within an outer or 
 larger arch, which is cusped. This latter is also contained 
 within a third or outermost arch, which, being less acute 
 in the apex, leaves a space or spandrel between the two, 
 which is filled in with carving. The five lancets are 
 separated by single shafts, which are banded, the whole 
 window being of a somewhat original design. This east 
 window is modern, but is remarkably good. The south 
 wall has two windows in it, one a single lancet, and the 
 other a fine two-light, decorated with very excellent and 
 curiously designed tracery in the head, which is richly and 
 deeply moulded. A double arch leads out of the chancel 
 into the south chapel or sacristy. In the north wall is a 
 late canopied tomb of stone — Perpendicular, date 1443. 
 It is to the memory of a former vicar, John Careway. The 
 arch of the tomb is much depressed, and is septfoiled. 
 Underneath is the emaciated figure of the vicar, in stone, 
 lying under a wooden feretrum or hearse, pierced in front 
 by six arched compartments, which are multicusped. This 
 tomb is a very good specimen of its kind. There is at 
 present no inscription on it, but the original one given by 
 Cole is as follows : — ■ 
 
 fyic jacct iBagiotcr Joijannea ftatatoag 
 H&uonDam vector I;uju0 ccclcoie qui ofaiit 
 ultimo Bie ittencio /2obcmfarifi 9n' D'ni 
 itfilli'mo ccccjcli cujuo animc ptopicietur 
 sDeus, 9mcru 
 
 He gave land to the church of the present value of about 
 £40 per annum. An empty lancet looks into the north 
 sacristy, under which is a piscina. Here two arches lead 
 into the north aisle, similar to those on the south side. 
 
 C 3 
 
30 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Before the restoration the east window was an Early- 
 Perpendicular one of five lights, the top part of which was 
 blocked up, making the whole square ; the lights were 
 cinquefoiled, and under a transom. But the present Early 
 English window is more in harmony with the prevailing 
 styles in the chancel than the Perpendicular one was, so 
 that its introduction need not be lamented. 
 
 The nave has five bays on each side, those on the north 
 side being Early English with octagonal piers and moulded 
 caps, the south side being decorated with quatrefoiled 
 caps. The arches are plain. The roofs of both chancel 
 and nave are high-pitched coved, and have once been finely 
 illuminated. 
 
 The north side of the church is Perpendicular. There are 
 four Early Perpendicular windows, two in the aisle proper 
 and two in the sacristy, while the south side is Decorated, 
 having good two-light square-headed windows. 
 
 The south transept is late Perpendicular, and contains a 
 17th-century high tomb, on which are two recumbent 
 effigies, date 1633. There is no inscription on it but the 
 arms — 
 
 i. Or, a chevron between three cinquefoils gu. for 
 Chicheley. 
 
 ii. Sinister as i. Dexter quarterly — 1. A bull's head ; 
 2. A bend cotised dancette, a mullet, for Clopton ; 3. A 
 fess cheque over a lion ramp. ; 4. A saltaire between 
 four crosses fitche or. 
 
 This tomb is probably to the memory of Edward Wood, 
 Esq., and his wife, who was one of the Chicheleys. Here 
 also is a tablet to a Tyrrell Dalton, 1682, with a long Latin 
 epitaph scarcely worth recording. 
 
 The prolongations of the aisles eastward are Early 
 English, and have lancet windows. 
 
Fulbourn. 3 1 
 
 The tower is Early English and has a plain arch, sup- 
 ported on moulded corbels ; there is a long single lancet on 
 the north side, and two similar ones at the west divided by 
 a shaft. The remains of a fresco exist at the east end of 
 the north sacristy. The seats in both nave and chancel are 
 old and good, and have fine carved poppy-heads in good 
 preservation. The pulpit is old, of carved oak, trefoiled 
 and crocketed panels, and quaint carvings in the spandrels. 
 There are four brasses, mostly fragmentary, remaining in 
 the church. The finest lies in the chancel, and commemo- 
 rates William de Fulburne, a former vicar, 1390. He is 
 in a fine cope, with an embroidered orphrey of conventional 
 roses, between which arc his initials, " W. F." On the 
 morse are the arms of Fulbourn, arg., a saltaire sab. 
 between four martlets gu. Over his head is a fine 
 canopy, with two pinnacles. This is probably the earliest 
 existing brass of a priest in cope. Underneath is the cant 
 inscription — 
 
 (Hcrmibus fjic Donor ct etc oatcnDre conor 
 3Duotj eicut Inc. ponor ponit" omnia fronor. 
 
 This epitaph is found as late as 1590 at Mathern, Mon- 
 mouthshire. In Southey's ' Common-place Book ' is this 
 account : "An epitaph in the church of S. Hilary of Poic- 
 tiers beginning ' Vermibus hie donor.' This the people 
 interpreted to mean that a saint was buried there who 
 undertook to cure children of the worms. Women accord- 
 ingly used to scrape the tomb, and administer the powder."* 
 This William de Fulburne was patron of the church, and 
 rector of Weddington in Essex, which he resigned in 1326, 
 and was prebendary of Holywell or Finsbury, and prebend 
 
 * Haine's Manual of Monl. Brasses, vol. ii. p. cxli. 
 
32 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 of S. Paul's Cathedral, London, He was chaplain to King 
 Edward III., who gave him the post of prebendary which 
 was Robert de Berkham's in the chapel of Penryn, in 
 Cornwall, Dec. 15, 1328. He was also Baron of the Ex- 
 chequer. The earliest brass is that of a priest in chasuble, 
 lying at the west end of the church. The inscription is 
 lost, as also part of the figure, e.g. the feet and the apparel 
 of the alb, but it exhibits some fine bold drawing peculiar 
 to 14th-century brasses, its date being 1390. From the 
 hands comes a scroll on which is inscribed 
 
 %>\t laue £>eo* 
 
 There was originally a marginal inscription to William 
 Fulbourn's brass — 
 
 $ic jacet Dominiw 2HSiiIf mu0 Be jfulbourn quondam 
 £anonicit0 (ZEcef iatum 2>c'i IPauli HoitUim ♦ « . 
 JJ£len0 3 8u0U0ti anno Domini J£ltHe0 . . . 
 
 In the south aisle lies a 1 5th-century brass of a knight 
 and lady (the male effigy lost) and two children, one in 
 a priest's hood. Formerly there were scrolls with the in- 
 scription 
 
 3(n te ED'ne ©perabi non confuntiat in eternum 3['£u J£li0erere. 
 
 Now lost. The figures are kneeling. There is a small 
 shield (three birds of some sort), formerly part of a brass. 
 Cole mentions a brass of a knight with the inscription 
 
 $ic jacet 3(oi)'c0 £ulpi armig. qui obiit 
 Uiceoimo Septimo Die ifebmatii an' Dom' 
 jftlccccjcjtjcbii cuju0 anime ptopicietut 
 Dcu0. amen. 
 
Fulbourn. $$ 
 
 Also the following : — 
 
 2Drare pro anima 3leranUri £3oorje ... Be 
 jfulborne Eeceptorio iD'ni SarDinalis qui obiit 
 Die f£leit0i0 Decembri0 3n' D'ni ifiCeraC 
 <St pro anima Jopanne urori0 ejiw 
 ©uorum animabuo propicierur Deuo. amen. 
 
 These two are now lost. A shield in brass, now lost. 
 Quarterly I and 4 Barry of eight ; 2 and 3 quarterly in 1 
 and 4 quarters, three roundels impaling three boars' heads 
 coupcd. 
 
 The following coats were in the windows : — 
 
 1. Or, a chief indented az. a label of points arg. for 
 Fitzwalter. 
 
 2. Or, three piles in point az. 
 
 3. Sab. five fusils in pale arg. 
 
 4. Arg. a lion ramp. sab. 
 
 In Kerr. Collect., 6729, British Museum, is a sketch of 
 the monument in chapel. Also in Kerr. Collect., 6730, is a 
 sketch of a knight in armour, beautifully illuminated, 
 holding a banner with the cross of S. George, and the same 
 arms on the surcoat — a figure of the saint taken from an 
 aisle window. 
 
 On the roof were the following coats : — 
 
 1. Ar£. a saltaire sab. between four martlets sru., for 
 Fulbourn. 
 
 2. Gu. two swords crossed in saltaire proper, for see of 
 London. 
 
 3. Gu. three crowns or, for see of Ely. 
 
 4. Two cross keys. 
 
 5. Arg. a lion ramp. sab. 
 
 6. Gu. three mitres or. 
 
 7. Gu. nine bezants or. — Zouche. 
 
 8. Arg. a cross gu., a bordure of the second. 
 
 c 4 
 
34 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Q. Gu. a saltaire az., on it a crescent sab. 
 
 10. Arg. a chevron gu. between three roundels sab. 
 
 1 1. Arg. a chevron gu. between three cross-croslets botone 
 fiche az. 
 
 There was a " very handsome " screen in Cole's time, now 
 gone. 
 
 The rectory of S. Vigor's was taxed at 34 marks, though 
 formerly at only 17. It paid 2s. /\d. synodals, is. 6d. pro- 
 curations, and 4^. 6d. Peter's Pence. 
 
 There was a lamp burning in chancel, a good missal of 
 the gift of William de Fulburne, and a portifory and cope 
 of the gift of Roger Grymm. 
 
 On the bells are the inscriptions — 
 
 1. 3fe0U0 ii5a?arenu0 Eer. JuDeorum. 
 
 2. Campatta Sancti Ficorie. 
 
 3. Sancte 3nDrea ora pro nobis. 
 
 King Henry VI. in 1439 granted to his uncle, Humphry 
 Duke of Gloucester, a pension of £6 13s. 4-d. annually paid 
 by the abbey of Sawtry, Hunts, to the abbey of Bon 
 Repos, the reversion of which he gave to Pembroke Hall, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 King Henry VI. in 1442 gave a yearly pension of 40J. 
 from Fulbourn Church in Cambridgeshire to Pantfield 
 Priory in Essex. 
 
 Rectors of S. Vigor s. 
 
 1348. William de Pampesworth, May 9. 
 
 1349. Roger Grymm, Feb. 15. 
 
 1 391. Roger Oulde, Aug. 4. Title contested. 
 
 1394. Robert Hetersete. 
 
 1463. Wil. Wilflete, Proc. Cleri. 
 
Fulboum. 35 
 
 147 1. Robert Woodlarke, D.D., March 18, res. Sim 
 Warin. 
 
 Sim Warin, May 5, ob. Wil. Wilflete. 
 
 1487. Joh. Ednam, Sept. 8, ob. Tho. Causton. 
 
 Joh. Hepburn. 
 
 1 537- Jacob Robynson. 
 
 1 55 1. Henry Fysher, Oct. 13. 
 
 1554. Edward Godsalve, April 18. 
 
 John Bell. 
 
 Thomas Cockcrton, curate in 1540. 
 
 D'ns Will'us Netherstrete de Fulbourn, Capellanus, 1377. 
 
 D'ns Joh'es Petyt, senior, de Fulbourn, Presbyter, 1377. 
 
 The following are some extracts from deeds relating to 
 Fulbourn : — 
 
 "John in the Heerncde Fulburnc grants to John Milsent 
 jun., 5 rodes and 4 feet land juxta terras de Shardelowes, 
 Isabella Cokefeld, Joh'is Colyon, Sir Hugh lc Zouche, 
 Knight, Roger Salman, John Schene. Witnesses, John 
 Jekel, Tho. Netherstrete, Nic. Whytyng, &c." (21 Ric. II.) 
 
 " Rich. Byng de F. grants to William Netherstrete de 
 ead Capetts, an acre of arable land." (2 Ric. II.) 
 
 "John Netherstrete releases to Ric. Byng all his right 
 to those lands, &c, which he had together with . . ." 
 (9 Hen. V.) 
 
 " Amey Blount, wid. de F., releases claim to Wm. Semper 
 Clare and Nic. Semper Housebondman of a rode of land 
 in F., &c. Witn. Tho. Gylot, John Mason, John 
 Hykedon, Robert Trener, Ric. Batyll de Teversham." 
 (9 Hen. VI.) 
 
 " Tho. Boleyn, late of Cambridge, and Geoffry Bishop, 
 clericus, John Colyn, and John Gylot de Fulbourne release 
 to Ralph Hullocke, cleric, an acre of land in Fulbourn." 
 (14 Edward IV.) 
 
 " Sciant p'sentes et futuri q'd nos Will'us Cole nup' de 
 
36 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Quey Cl'icus et Will'us Rayson permissimus, &c, Galfr'o 
 Bishop, Joh'i Wyltshire, &c. ; viginti acras terrae in campis 
 de Fulbourne." (4 Ed. IV.) 
 
 " Geoff. Bishop of Fulbourne, clericus, releases John 
 Careway, cleric., his right in the lands and ten ts which 
 he had with the said John ex dono Joh'is Swettocks de 
 F." (3 Hen. VI.) 
 
 "This Indenture, made 12th November, 3 Edward VI., 
 between Peterhouse and Will'm Whytynge of Fulburne, 
 late occupied by Hughe Cokebrede, for 30 years, paying 
 yearly £6." —Bond from W. Whitting of F., W. Whitting 
 of Teversham, and Roger Pratt of F., husbandman, of £20 
 to fulfil obligations. 
 
 "A lease from the college, 10th February, 5 Edward VI., to 
 Andrew Williamson of Fulbourne, yoman, of their messuage 
 called Delmarche, 2 acres of meadow and 3 score and 7 
 acres of arable in Fenne "Ditton and Horningsea for 30 
 years, paying yearly £3 13s. ^.d. &c. Sigilla in p'sentia 
 Thome Pykerynge and Nicolai Auger." 
 
 "A lease, 6th August, 31 Eliz., to John Wilkin of 
 Fulborne, yeoman, of all their lands in Fulborne, lately 
 occupied by one Henry Tuthill, for 21 years, at 48^. $d., and 
 
 3 qtrs. of wheat and 4 qtrs. of mawlt." 
 
 "A lease, 19th January, 34 Eliz., to Rob. Ware of 
 Fulbourne, husbandman, of their messuage and land there 
 for 21 years, at 48^. $d., and 3 qtrs. of Parkey wheat and 
 
 4 qtrs. of malt." 
 
 "Arrears of tenths, procurations, and pensions due to 
 the Bishop and Archdeacon of Ely, drawn out October 
 24th, 1765, by S. Peck : — 
 
 Tenths. Proc. Do. 
 
 Cherry Hinton, Mr. Serocold Sequr. 2 19 \o\ o o o o 1 8 
 
 Do. Do. Imprr. 1 16 07 10 000 
 
 Fulburn, All SS. Do. Vicar 4107^0 20 022 
 
 Do. Do. Imprr. 000 07 10 000 
 
 Paid to Mr. Peck." 
 
Fulboum. 
 
 37 
 
 There was a free chapel here, mentioned before, dedicated 
 to S. Edmund, which was in the gift of the Colvilles. In 
 1389 Sir John Colville, Knight, presented Henry Welles 
 (alias Welton) to the chapel, then vacated by the death of 
 Sir John Petit, last custos. In 1393 Henry exchanged it 
 with John Wodehall, rector of Burton-Tuft in Norfolk ; he 
 resigned in 1395, and Nicholas Mocking was presented. 
 
 In 1388, Sir John Shardclowe, Knight, lord of the manor, 
 had licence to have service performed in his oratory, and 
 the same was granted to Wm. Haninfeld of Fulbourn. 
 
 Pedigree of the Cloptons and Woods, from a Herald's Visitation 
 of the County, taken in 1619 by Henry St. George Richmond 
 for William Camden, Clarencieux.* 
 
 John Clopton = Alice, dau. of 
 of Kcntwell, Rob. Darcy of 
 Suffolk, Esq. Walden, Essex. 
 
 Sir Wm. Clopton 
 of Kcntwell, Kt. 
 
 John Wood = 
 of Fulbourn, Esq. I 
 
 Edmund, 2nd son, 
 Kt. of Rhodes. 
 
 -, dau. of 
 - Hilton. 
 
 Edw. Clopton, 3rd son. 
 
 Nicholas Wood 
 of Fulbourn, Esq. 
 
 Eliz., dau. and heir 
 of Edw. Clopton. 
 
 Edw. Wood = Eliz., dau. of 
 of Fulbourn, Esq. I Thos. Chicheley. 
 
 Nicholas, 
 3rd son. 
 
 John, 
 2nd son. 
 
 Peter, son 
 and heir. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Mary. 
 
 Arms. — Quarterly : 1st, sab. a ram arg. attired or — 
 
 Wood. 2nd. Sab. a bend arg. cotised dancette or, a mullet 
 
 gu. — Clopton. 3rd. Arg. a lion ramp, sab., over all a fess 
 
 chequy or and az. 4th. Gu. a saltaire between four crosses 
 
 fitche, or. 
 
 * Cotton MS. Brit. Mus. 
 
38 
 
 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Pedigree of the Chicheleys from a Cott. MS. Brit. Mus. 
 
 Thomas Chicheley, = Agnes, dau. of 
 of Higham Ferrers. I Wm. Pinchon. 
 
 Robert = Dau. of 
 
 Chicheley 
 of Lond. 
 
 Apoul- 
 derfield. 
 
 Henry Chicheley, 
 
 Abp. of Cant. & 
 
 founder of All 
 
 Souls, Oxford. 
 
 Wm. Chicheley = Beatrix, dau. 
 
 of London. 
 
 of Wm. Barrett. 
 
 Alan = Isabelle, 
 
 Chicheley, 
 Esq. 
 
 dau. and 
 heiress. 
 
 Jn. Chicheley = Margt., dau. of 
 
 of Wimpole, 
 Cambs. 
 
 T. Knowles, 
 London, grocer. 
 
 Thos. = Emblin, 
 Kempe, dau. and 
 
 Knt. coh. of Alan 
 
 Chicheley. 
 
 Henry Chicheley = 
 of Wimpole, Esq 
 14 Henry VI. 
 
 Henry = Eliz., dau. of 
 Chicheley. Thos. Burgoyn. 
 No issue. 
 
 Alice, dau. of Robt. 
 Clopton, Ld. Mayor 
 of London. 
 
 Wm. Chicheley = Alice, 
 
 of Wimpole. 
 
 Eliz., dau. of 
 Dockura. 
 
 Thos. Chicheley 
 
 dau. of 
 Bruges. 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Frances. 
 
 Ursula, wife of 
 Robt. Pakenham. 
 
 Clement = 
 Chicheley of 
 Wimpole, Esq. 
 
 Mary, dau. of Sir 
 John Hinde of 
 Madingley, Kt. 
 
 Thos. Chicheley = 
 of Wimpole. 
 
 Anne, dau. of 
 
 Sir John 
 Bourne of Holt, 
 Worcestershire. 
 
 Thos. Chicheley — Anne Bourne. 
 
 Thos. Chicheley 
 of Wimpole, Kt. 
 
 = Dorothy, dau. of 
 I Sir Thos. Kempe. 
 
 Eight other 
 children. 
 
 Thos. Chicheley = Sara, dau. of Sir 
 
 of Wimpole. 
 
 Wm. Russell of 
 Chippenham, 
 Bart, and Kt. 
 
 Five other 
 children. 
 
 Henry Chicheley, 
 born 1636. 
 
 Thos., born 
 1637- 
 
 Tohn, born 
 i639- 
 
Fulbourn. 39 
 
 Arms of Pinchon. — Party per bend arg. and gu. three 
 annulets and a border, all counterchanged. 
 
 Arms of Barrett. — Erm. on a fess gu., three lioncels 
 ramp. arg. 
 
 Arms of Chicheley. — Or, a chevron between three 
 cinquefoils gu. 
 
 The patron saint of the church, S. Vigor, is one but 
 little known to churchmen or antiquaries, and churches 
 dedicated to him are few, if any but Fulbourn exists in 
 England. So a sketch of his history will not be irrelevant 
 whilst writing the history of Fulbourn. The following is 
 obtained in substance from Mr. Baring-Gould's ' Lives of 
 the Saints.' 
 
 S. Vigor was Bishop of Bayeux in the sixth century, 
 his death taking place A.D. 537. He was born at Artois, 
 of pious and illustrious parents, who gave him to the care 
 of S. Vedast, Bishop of Arras, for education. Fearing 
 lest he should be compelled to marry, he fled with a com- 
 panion to Raviere, near Bayeux, where, having received 
 priest's orders, he preached and ministered to the people. 
 He is reported to have performed several miracles. On the 
 death of S. Contestus in 513, Vigor was elected to the 
 vacant see of Bayeux. Near this city he built a church, on 
 the site where once an idol stood, and called the place 
 Mons Chrismatis. He also founded the monastery of 
 Cerare, afterwards destroyed by the Normans. He died 
 on the 1st of November, 537. Some of his relics are still 
 supposed to be seen at a monastery dedicated to him near 
 Bayeux. 
 
 His day is kept in the city on November 5, but at 
 Coutances and Arras on November 3. 
 
40 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 This village is situated about five miles south-west of 
 Cambridge, in the hundred and deanery of Barton. 
 
 C&e a^anor. 
 
 The deeds relating to Hauxton are always headed 
 " Hauxton cum Newton," from which it seems that there is 
 one manor — e.g. that of Hauxton together with the neigh- 
 bouring village of Newton. This latter place will be noticed 
 in another page. The ancient manor of Hauxton cum 
 Newton came into the possession of Ely Cathedral in early 
 times through the medium of Brithnoth, the first abbot, and 
 was made over to them by Hervey, the first bishop of the 
 see. " Before the Conquest, when Leonine, the fifth abbot 
 of Ely, had by the king's consent let out the farms of the 
 monastery in such sort that they should find provision for 
 the house during the year, Hauxton paid one week's 
 provision and Newton another. Farms took their names 
 from the Saxon ' fearmian,' meaning to feed or yield 
 victual, as Gervasius Tilberiensis says that until the time of 
 King Henry I. the kings of England used not to receive 
 money of their lands, but victuals for provision of the horses, 
 payment of the soldiers, &c. Money was, however, ob- 
 tained from cities and castles where there was no tillage 
 or husbandry. But when the king, being in foreign 
 countries, needed ready money towards the furniture of the 
 wars, and his subjects and farmers complained that they 
 were grievously troubled by carriage of victuals into sundry 
 parts of the realm far distant from their dwelling-houses, 
 the king directed commissioners to certain discreet persons, 
 
Hatixton. 4 1 
 
 who, having regard to th : value of those victuals, should 
 reduce them to reasonable sums of money. Thus the 
 king's example caused most men to do the like, yet in the 
 northern parts, where money is scant, rent provisions of 
 victuals is in frequent use."* 
 
 The hundred roll shows that the Prior of Ely held the 
 manor of Newton. He had also two water-mills and a 
 fulling-mill in Hauxton, free fishing in the pool, and view of 
 frank pledge and the church of Hauxton and the chapel of 
 Newton, and claims to have free toll of the gift of King 
 Edgar in pure alms. It also shows that the prior held 100 
 acres of arable land of the fee of Scallus of Little Shelford 
 by the gift of the ancestors of Richard de Frcville (of 
 Shelford) in pure alms ; and the latter held of the Bishop 
 of Ely, and the bishop of the king in capite. 
 
 Upon the quo warranto in Edward II.'s time the Bishop 
 of Ely was found sole lord in Hauxton. 
 
 This manor of Hauxton cum Newton remained in 
 possession of the priory of Ely till the dissolution of the 
 monasteries, when Henry VIII., having constituted a dean 
 and chapter instead of a prior, made the last prior the first 
 dean, and conferred this and other lands upon them, which 
 the cathedral now possesses. One Serle of Hauxton owed 
 suit, and held of the bishop, whereby it seems the fees 
 belonged to him. 
 
 Alice, wife of Sir Thomas Harleston, Knight, gave to the 
 master and scholars of Michael-house, Cambridge, amongst 
 other lands, 12 acres of arable in Hauxton, held of the Prior 
 of Ely, and a messuage and 2\ acres of land in Newton held 
 of the prior ; also 34 acres in Harleston and Hauxton of 
 John Warren, and 10 acres of meadow in Hauxton of the 
 same. 
 
 * Taken from Cole's MS. Brit. Mus. 
 
42 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 There was another manor here, belonging anciently to the 
 De Veres. John de Vere and Elizabeth his wife, daughter 
 and heiress of Sir John Howard, Knight, son of Sir John 
 Howard, Knight, and Margaret de Pleys, held certain 
 lands, rents, and services in Hauxton — e.g., 200 acres of 
 land, 200 acres of meadow, 200 acres of pasture and 
 heath, and 10 acres of wood, valued at xx s , of the Earl of 
 Oxford. 
 
 John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, son of George Vere, 
 brother of John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, held in Hauxton 
 10 messuages, 100 acres of land, 100 acres of meadow, 100 
 acres of pasture, 30 acres of wood, and 40 s rent there, of 
 Sir Giles Allington, Knight, valued xx 1 8'. This manor of 
 the De Veres, called " Little John of Camps," when the 
 male line became extinct, fell to four sisters of the last De 
 Vere — Elizabeth, who married Sir Anthony Wingfield ; 
 Margaret Vere ; Dorothy, wife of John Neville, son of Lord 
 Latimer ; and Versula, wife of Edmund Knightley. The 
 heirs of this last sold it to the great mathematician and 
 philosopher, Dr. Isaac Barrow of Cambridge, tutor to 
 Newton, to whom alone he was second in mathematical 
 learning. Barrow's nephew and heir, Isaac Barrow of 
 Witken, Esq., then sold it to Robert Symonds of Whittles- 
 ford, Cambs. His son Thomas Symonds sold it to 
 Thomas Wendy, who left it to Francis Wendy, his nephew. 
 This gentleman held it in or about 1720. 
 
 The family of Burgoin had it after the Wendys, and it 
 was purchased of them in 1740 by John Stephenson, Esq., 
 who sold it in 1796 to a Mr. Lilley. 
 
 Two streams meet in Hauxton, where they form a little 
 island, called by the ancient Saxon name " Lingcy," 
 meaning an island. 
 
 " Haukston appropriata priori de Ely, est ibi vicarius, 
 
Hauxton. 43 
 
 taxatur ad xv m. Solvit pro synod' 8d., procur' i8d., Denar' 
 Sc'i Petri 8d. 
 
 " Newton appropriata prioris de Ely, taxatur ad — . Orna- 
 menta ij missalia, legenda ij, psalteria ij antiphon'-collect- 
 gradualia ordinale manuale, iij pav'e vestimentorum cali, 
 xij rochetse, lanterna, thuribulum, ij cruces. Fix pro 
 corpore Christi, xxi velam' quadrages chrismatorum cum 
 serena. Frontal bapt' cum serura, pro aqua vas. 
 
 " Haukston vicarage S. Edmund cum Newton vie. Valet 
 in regiis libris^"44 12s. ^d. — Solvit Xmas 13J. y\d. — Procur' 
 is. 4d. Vicar ejusd' ij. 
 
 " Hugo de Northwold appropriant eccl'iam de Hawkeston 
 officio Cameraij pro — et aliis necessariis conventui p' manus 
 Camerarij ministrand'. — In lib. MS. Pergam'. 
 
 " Idem Hugo Ep'us confirmavit monachis Eliensib's, x 
 marcas in eccl'ia de Haukeston." 
 
 " Havccestune et Havechcstone" in Doomsday. 
 
 "Inter annos 1045 et 1066, Edwardus rex confirmat 
 inter alias possessiones, Ccenobio Elycnsi, Haukestone 
 et Newtone in comitatu Grantecestr', et extra insulam 
 Elien. 
 
 "1 198 et 1219. Admissus fuit in institutus rector de 
 Hauckeston. 
 
 "1 191. Celestinus III. Papa A pontificatus licentiam 
 dat priori et frat'ib's sc'ae Etheldredae de Ely ut eccl'iam 
 de Havekest ad sustentac'oem fratu' hospitu et pauper 
 cu' vocarent libere possint deputare ita q'd nulli liceat 
 eandem ab eoru' usu et utilitate removere assignato 
 vicario unde honeste vivat in sp'ualib's et synodalib's 
 Ep'o et officiali ejus respondeat. Dat Romse Idus Januar 
 ut supra. 
 
 " 1276. Thomas de Brocford rector de Haukeston obiit. 
 
 "1 290-1. Eccl'ia de Hawkeston cu' capella de Neuton 
 
44 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 taxatur ad £13 6s. Sd. Vicar ejusd' £4 6s. 8d. De causa 
 inter Monachos Elien et Willm' de Laventon Elien 
 archidiaconu', Super eccl'iis de Hawkeston et Neuton. 
 
 " 1254. Alexander IV. Pont. Max. confirmat pon' Elien 
 eccl'iam de Havekest qua' Celestinus III. ad eoru' usus 
 deputavi. . . . 
 
 " 1291. Eccl'ia de Hauckeston cu' capella de Neuton 
 taxatur ad Z - 1 ^ A . Decimatur 20 s . 
 
 xv m 
 
 " 141 5, December 8. Resignante Joh'e Howe vicario 
 Will's prior et capit Elien p'sentant Willm' Colyn ad 
 vicariam de Haukeston. 
 
 " 1450, 21 June. Prior Will's et conventus Elien 
 com'ittunt plenaria' potestatem Will'o Ruddle capellanus 
 ab deserviendu curse capellae suse de Neuton (p'tinent ad 
 rectoria de Haukeston iis et eccl'iae Eliensi canonice 
 appropriatam) per decenniu px post data p'sentiu cu 
 consessione annuae pensionis illi vi marcaru pro stipendio 
 p'cipiend' p' manu camerarij eccl'iae Elien et com'o- 
 ditatu et Pficuu quae capellani ib'm deservientes p'cipe 
 consuevere. Ac etiam concedit ei 6s. Sd. p' an ad repuco'em 
 mansionis suae. — E libro Pergameni." 
 
 This last refers to Newton more especially, but is quoted 
 here when noticing Hauxton. 
 
 "1481. Mortuo Rob'to Pappeworth Rog'us Prior et 
 capit Elien p'sentant Joh'em Cok ad vicariam. 
 
 "Inter annos ut videtur 1275 et 1277 Hugo (sc. de 
 Balsham) Dei gra' Elien o'ib's Xti Fidelib's Salt'm eccl'iam 
 de Haukeston n'rae Dioc dilectis filiis priori et conventui 
 Eliensib's p' mortem Thomae de Brocford jam vacantem et 
 ad Jus patronatus eorum spectantem in p'prios usus ad 
 supplementum defectum camerae eoru intuitu caritatis 
 conferrimus. Salvis in o'ib's consuetudinib's Ep'alib's et 
 salva vicaria xij marcaru per nos taxata. In cujus rci 
 
 
Hauxton. 45 
 
 tcstimoniu p'senti scripto Sigillu n'ru fecimus apponi. 
 Valcatis semper in D'no." 
 
 1676. 20 families. No recusants or dissenters. 
 
 Mr. George Beardsall, parson, examined Dec. 20, 1643 : 
 " That for six months he hath been absent from his cure ; 
 that he hath not taken, nor given the covenant to his 
 parishioners, nor prayed for the Parliament ; did not send 
 arms to the muster or trainings ; preached but one day," 
 &c. Ejected upon a warrant dated June 16, 1644. 
 
 We may mention that there are three bells, on each of 
 which there is the inscription, " Miles Graye made nice, 1666." 
 
 Cf)2 Cburcf). 
 
 The church of S. Edmund, Hauxton, is very small, but 
 has considerable architectural merits on account of its 
 specimens of Norman work. It consists of a chancel, nave, 
 and west tower, but has no side aisles. We will begin with 
 the interior. The chancel has a three-light Decorated 
 east window of no particular merit. In the north and south 
 walls are two plain Norman windows, the south side being 
 further lighted by two square-headed Decorated ones on 
 either side of the Norman example. The roof here is 
 unfortunately plastered up, leaving only the string of the 
 old woodwork visible : the removal of the plaster would 
 probably disclose the original roof in tolerable preservation. 
 There is a Decorated piscina and a plain stone shelf or 
 sedile. The chancel arch is Norman of good character, and 
 is supported on either side by double shafts with cushion- 
 caps. On the south side, facing the nave, is a fresco of 
 S. Thomas of Canterbury, in an arched recess, of late 12th 
 or 13th century. The saint is in eucharistic vestments, 
 the colouring being very well preserved. Frescoes of this 
 
4-6 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 saint are now extremely rare, nearly all being destroyed. 
 The corresponding wall on the other side has an Early 
 English arch with good mouldings, probably forming the 
 back of an altar. In the north side of the nave there is a 
 simple Norman door and three windows, one plain Norman, 
 and the other a two-light Decorated one inserted in a 
 Perpendicular arch or bay, now built up, and which once 
 led into a chantry chapel. In the 14th century it seems 
 that there were two chapels built out, one at the north and 
 one at the south side, making in all five altars in the 
 church. The foundations of these chapels can still be 
 traced. West of the door is a single Early English lancet. 
 In the south wall there is also a Norman door, which is 
 ornamented externally with a triangular diaper, but has a 
 plain tympanum. Here are also Norman and two-light 
 Decorated windows, similar to those opposite. The nave 
 roof should be noticed, for it is a very good specimen of 
 old work, Perpendicular, of good design, having collars 
 only. The chancel roof is perhaps similar. The tower 
 arch is Perpendicular, as also the west window, which has 
 three lights. The pulpit has a quantity of old Perpendicular 
 woodwork in its construction. There is a Norman 
 octagonal font of plain design, the octagon being smaller 
 at the base than at the top. It stands on four shafts. 
 The above gives the chief features of the interior, but there 
 are no monuments, fittings, glass, &c, which would interest 
 the antiquary. As Cole says with regard to Hauxton 
 Church, " In the said church are no arms, &c, nor inscrip- 
 tions, only upon a grey marble in the body of the church 
 near the bell-frame this inscription in brass — 
 
 2Drate p' anima Jof/is <£olm* qui itnit macnam cap' anam in cam- 
 * Or Colme. 
 
Hauxton. 47 
 
 panile et una' nobam antipbonariam cu' Icgmua fwic cccfie cujus anime 
 propictetur Dcus. 8mcn. 
 
 His portraiture also in a small form in brassc." 
 
 This relic of an old benefactor is now unfortunately lost, 
 as so many have been even during the 120 years since 
 Cole's days. The exterior of the church needs not any 
 special description ; the above short account of the interior 
 will suffice for both. The Norman character of the whole, 
 however, is easily perceived from the outside. The mask- 
 endings to the dripstones of the west window being 
 Perpendicular should be noticed, as also a Norman buttress 
 at the south-cast of the nave. The south doorway once 
 had a porch, traces of which can be seen. The Norman is 
 Early in the style throughout, the chancel arch being about 
 four feet thick. 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 " Haukeston cum Newton. Eccl'a approp abb Eliensi p 
 episc Hug. Nowold. 
 
 1339. Wymund de Ellcsworth. 
 
 1355. John Cok de Ncuton. 
 
 1397. William Lang. 
 
 1400. John Hey ward. 
 
 1405. John How. 
 
 1493. John Papworth. 
 
 1522. Robert Byrkes. 
 
 1537. Nicholas Crome. 
 
 1543. Thomas Burton. 
 
 1554. Henry Tutan (Tatham). 
 
 1 559. William Crayford. 
 
 1573. Robert Sharpe. 
 "1477, 15 June. Proxima presentatis ad vicariam de 
 Haukeston concessa ab Henrico priore et capitulo Elien 
 
48 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 D'no Edmundo, Dei et ap'licae sedis gratiae, electo et 
 consecrato in archiep'um Armaca'nu et m'ro Will'o Daker 
 in decretis baccalaures conjunctim et divisim." 
 
 (E libro Pergam.) 
 
 Will Dowsing, the destroyer of ecclesiastical art during 
 the 17th century tumults, visited this church ; we find the 
 entry in his journal: "March 13, 1643. We destroyed a 
 crucifix, three popish pictures, an inscription in brass, and 
 ordered the steps to be levelled. W. Reynolds, Robt. 
 Bryant, Churchwardens. Thomas Ward, Cambridge, Wm. 
 Ruttham, Sawston." 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 
 -ttc 
 
 <©rcat iHjetfoiU 
 
 HIS village lies about 4^ miles south of Cam- 
 bridge, in the deanery of Barton. It closely 
 adjoins its neighbour, Little Shclford, the two 
 churches being separated by a short half mile. 
 
 €bc a&anors. 
 
 The moiety of this village before the Conquest belonged 
 to the Abbot of Ely, and was farmed for the provision of 
 their house, and found ten weeks' provision in the year. 
 
 Soon after, when Ely became a bishop's see, these lands 
 were made a manor of, and fell to the bishop. By the 
 hundred roll of 9th Edw. I. the Bishop of Ely is said to hold 
 in Great Shelford 2 acres of land and 20 acres of meadow 
 as a messuage, the advowson of the church and the water- 
 mill, and he held view of frank pledge, assize of bread, oil, 
 ale, &c. 
 
 In the 9th of Edward II. there were two manors in this 
 village, that of the bishop of Ely, and the manor of Valence, 
 Moynes, or Grendons, corruptedly called later, " Granhams." 
 The bishop's manor was called " Bury." It continued in 
 the see till the 42nd of Eliz., when this and many other of 
 
 d 2 
 
52 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 the bishop's temporalities in the County and Isle of Ely 
 were taken away, and other things given in exchange for 
 them ; and it then was sold to Jonothan Goldwell, Esquire. 
 He subsequently sold it to a Christopher Rogers, who, 
 dying the 12th of King James I., left it to his son William, 
 who afterwards made it over to Gonville and Caius College, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, held the manor of 
 Valence or Granhams. It was also in the possession of 
 the family of Moyne, Nicholas le Moyne holding of the 
 king by " Serjantrie " 2\ hides of land, neither geldable, 
 nor owing sheriff's aid, suit to the hundred, or county 
 courts. 
 
 It descended to Jonothan le Moyne, his son, who founded 
 a chapel, and the chantry of S. Stephen of Great Shelford, 
 and endowed it with a messuage, 30 acres of land, and one 
 acre of meadow. 
 
 " Ad divina in capella ipsius Jofiis in predicta villa in 
 partem celebranda vidit quod &c. quolibet die dicant 
 servitium defunctor ultro placebo et cantab ut &c. in ipsa 
 capella pro anima sua et pro albs uxoru suam et p aibs 
 patrum et matrum et predecessoru et succcessoru suoru 
 quolibet de dominica de die, et die luna requiem, et die 
 Martis de sco Stephano et die Mercurii requiem, die Jovis 
 de sco spiritu, et die Veneris de cruce, et die Sabbati de 
 beatissima Maria, et si aliqua festorum interveniret fiat 
 servitium de Felon ut plenus continetur in feeoffamenti." 
 
 This Jonothan le Moyne died about 3 Edward I., and 
 left the manor to Theobald le Moyne, his son, as is shown 
 by an inquisition taken after his death, in which he is said 
 to hold the manor of Shelford. Agnes de Valence (third 
 daughter of William de Valence, created earl of Pembroke 
 1247, half brother by the mother to Henry III., was first 
 
Great Shelf ord. 53 
 
 married to Maurice Fitzgerald, and after to Henry Baliol, 
 brother of Alexander Baliol, and died without issue) bought 
 the manor of Theobald le Moyne, and she acknowledges 
 his relief for 3 hides of land in Great Shclford. 
 
 Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, son of William 
 earl of Pembroke, died without issue, leaving his two sisters 
 his heirs. The manor was then held by " Goldsmith's 
 service." Isabel, his eldest sister, married Jonothan, Lord 
 Hastings of Abergavenny, one of the competitors for the 
 crown of Scotland, and he then came into possession of the 
 estate. In Henry VIII. 's time it was held by the family of 
 Grendons, and was then purchased by Sir John Hinde of 
 Madinglcy, Knight, whose son, Sir Francis, sold it into the 
 family of the Goldwells. Soon after this, in 1632 the 
 manor passed into the hands of Valentine Carey, bishop of 
 Exeter, who left it to his nephew. He afterwards sold it 
 into the family of Vcntris, after which some of the 
 Buncombes appear as possessors, and finally S. John's 
 College, Cambridge. 
 
 " 164S, 28 March. Resolved that this house doth accept 
 of the sum of 229' for a fine for the delinquency of Ernestus 
 Carey, ofShelford, in the county of Cambridge, Gentleman, 
 his offence that he was in arms against the Parliament. 
 He rendered, before December 1645, his estate in fee tail p' 
 ann. 120', out of which issues a debt of 1 io', which leaves the 
 fine at a tenth 229'."* 
 
 "Inter annos 1045 et 1066 Edwardus Rex inter alias 
 possessiones confirmat Casnobio Eliensi Schelford in comi- 
 tatu' Grantecestr' et extra insulam Eliensem. 1255. — Rex 
 concessit Hugoni Ep'o et successorib's qd habet in p'petuum 
 liberam Warennam in o'ib's d'nicis terris suis in Schelford 
 Com' Cantebrig'." 
 
 * 'Jour, of the Hou:^e of Commons,' vol. 5, p. 516. 
 
54 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 "Augustine, canon de Standon, releases a tenement in 
 Cambridge, together with dns John, Vicar of All Saints in 
 Fulburn to Daniel de Felstede, upon condition he pays in 
 such a quantity of wheat and barley at the vicarage of All 
 Saints in Fulburn at Christmas, and the other half of the 
 grain at the rectory-house of Great Shelford on the 
 Purification" (dated 1360). 
 
 C&e Cfmrcf). 
 
 S. Mary's Great Shelford is a very pretty specimen of 
 what a country church should be ; it is Perpendicular 
 throughout, and has been restored of late years. It has 
 chancel, nave, aisles and west tower, in common with 
 most churches. The east window is of five lights, Early 
 in the style, and with a good traceried head ; it contains some 
 modern stained glass. The north and south sides have 
 each three three-light windows of the ordinary type. The 
 easternmost ones on either side have stained glass. 
 
 In the north wall there are six coats of arms carved in 
 stone panels. 
 
 1. Gu. a cross arg. between four cushions erm. tasselled 
 or. — Redman. 
 
 2 and 3. The same. 
 
 4. Az. a lion ramp. gard f . arg. impaling a fess engr. 
 arg. between three bulls'-heads couped or. — Torrell. 
 
 5 and 6. The same. 
 
 On the south side there are two coats similar : — 
 
 7. Az. a lion ramp, arg., a chief erm. 
 
 8. Az. a lion ramp. gard. arg., villete sab. 
 
 These last two coats are for 'John Gouldwcll armiger' 
 and his wife. He died 15th February, 1596. 
 
 1 is for Isabel Redman daughter of Calvcrlcy and 
 
Great Shelford. 55 
 
 wife of William Redman, for sometime bishop of Norwich. 
 In the last century there was a "lofty monument" to her 
 memory, with the above arms, and those of Calverley. — Sab. 
 on an escutcheon between three owls arg., a quatrefoil sab. 
 This monument is now gone, unless the armorial panels 
 represent it. 
 
 The roof is modern. There is a very good Perpendicular 
 chancel screen with open lights and curious grotesque 
 carvings in the spandrels ; a modern cross has been added 
 to it. There are some modern stalls, too. 
 
 The nave is formed of four bays, the arches rising from 
 lofty octagonal piers with good moulded caps. The 
 clerestory has four windows of two lights each side. On 
 the south side, by the chancel arch, is a good old Jacobean 
 pulpit. In the angle on the north side are two doors, the 
 upper and under ones leading to the rood-loft. The roof 
 here is good old Perpendicular. 
 
 The north aisle is lighted by three three-light windows 
 containing some fragments of good old glass of the same 
 period. Some seraphim in yellow and black, and the tops 
 of one of two canopies are left in the heads. The cast 
 window is similar to the others, and has two old coats in it. 
 
 1. Sab. a cross bottony or. 
 
 2. Or, three negroes'-heads couped, filletted or. 
 
 The west window seems very Earl)' in the style (Per- 
 pendicular). There is a good piscina in the east wall, the 
 chantry there being shut off by a screen. 
 
 The south aisle is like the north one, the roofs to both 
 being modern, a few of the old beams being worked in. 
 There is a piscina here too ; Early English with a well- 
 moulded trefoiled head. 
 
 The tower arch is Early Perpendicular on shafts with 
 caps slightly decorated with foliage. The west window is 
 
56 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 of three lights. There are two brasses left in the church, 
 one a very beautiful memorial to a former rector, and 
 another a simple inscription. The first lies in the chancel 
 close up to the altar, and represents a priest in a fine cope 
 with embroidered orphreys ; the figure is rather damaged, 
 the bottom portion of it being lost. Over his head is a 
 canopy with some elaborate tracery and good crockets ; 
 the pinnacles are lost. On either side are two coats ; the 
 arms of Ely, and a chevron between three crosses fieury 
 for Fordham, Bishop of Ely. This brass commemorates 
 Thomas Pattesley, a great benefactor to, and rebuilder of, 
 the church, 1418. The inscription is gone, but it is given in 
 the Harl. MS. 2129, British Museum, thus : — 
 
 $tc facet One ®fjo* IPatcsIeg quontiam 
 rector istius eclte pbenHarius Tie 
 Sfcoxtf) JMuscam in fficcita CoIIeeii He 
 ©outbtoell qui istam fficcliam cum 
 cancello et campanili ejuetim sumps 
 'tibiM BuiB ppriis fieri fecit et ipsam 
 libxis toestamentis imaeinibus rritreis picturis 
 et pluribus ornamentia multipliciter 
 lecorarnt, qui migrabit at Deum ult' 
 Hie octob' 8n°. mccccrmin 
 
 Cole, who also quotes Patisley's inscription, gives it 
 differently, beginning : — 
 
 0?ic jacet Dns ®bo0» IPatislep quontiam 
 rector istius ecclesie et pbennarius tie 
 Jl9ortb aaHic&am in ecclesia colieciata tie 
 g>outf)toell, qui istam eccleaia (&c.) 
 
 There is a single shield of arms, a bird's-nest in a tree, in 
 it an infant with an eagle standing on him, impaling three 
 
Great Shelf ord. 57 
 
 goblets; part of a brass to Henry Ryslcy, 151 1. His 
 effigy in armour and inscription are now gone, but Cole 
 preserves the latter — 
 
 SDrate pro artima tycnrtci Epeleg armicjeri 
 qui obitt — Die S>cptembri0 ait iDrti 
 mcccccjci. <£uju0 anime p'pcictur Qme. 
 
 The inscription in brass to John Redman remains still, 
 beginning simply — 
 
 2Df pour cfjaritic prap for the cotil 
 of 3fofm IRcDman. 
 
 The following inscriptions are given by Cole as either 
 existing in his time, or copied by him from some MS. 
 
 !J)ic jacct Cbomao Dc ©rjton quonfcii 
 JRcctor iatiua ecdraic . oratf pro co. 
 
 and — 
 
 l'iic jacct filer CnlTorD quorttia rector 
 ifltiuo dEcciwtc qui obitt t\ir. Dominico 
 Utii JUjuo 9ucu0ti 9it Dili mcccirjrrjctoi 
 <JTuju0 anime propicietur sDeuo. 
 
 There were many armorial bearings in the Church 
 formerly existing, in the windows, on the roof, &c, as was 
 frequently the case, being a very appropriate way of shewing 
 the connexion of noble families with the church, to whose 
 munificence it most probably owed its existence. The 
 following are given on the authority of Cole. 
 
 r. Quarterley, 1 and 4 Quarterly ; 1 and 4 arg. ; 2 and 
 3 arg. 6 billets or ; 2 and 3 arg. a fess gu. charged with 
 three cross-cosslets fitche arg. between three mullets sab. 
 
 2. Az. three golden bords, out of each a dragon, arg. for 
 Bolles. 
 
 I> 3 
 
58 Cambridgeshire CkiircJies. 
 
 3. Az. a chevron between three catharine-wheels or. 
 
 4. Gu. a fess between three pruning-hooks arg., handled 
 
 or. 
 
 5. Sab. a fess or between six battle-axes arg. 
 
 6. Arg. a saltaire az. between four billets or. 
 
 7. Az. a chevron or between three clasped books arg. 
 
 8. Gu. three bells arg. 
 
 Thomas Cyton, rector, had a brass which is now gone. 
 
 So much for the interior of the church, past and present ; 
 a short notice of the exterior will be necessary. There is a 
 good south porch having a parvice chamber over it. This 
 was not, as is usual, entered from the inside of the church 
 but by a door outside, which being necessarily some height 
 from the ground, must have been approached by a flight 
 of steps, now gone. The parvice is lighted by two windows 
 over the outer door of the porch, one on either side of a 
 good canopied niche, destitute of a figure. A sundial 
 surmounts the niche. The porch is lighted by two windows 
 in the west side. The roof is groined within, a good 
 specimen of Perpendicular. 
 
 The west tower is curious, being square at its bottom 
 half, and octagonal above, a design carried out on a large 
 scale in one or two other churches in the county, as at 
 Swaffham Prior and Bur well. 
 
 This tower is not the original one built by Pattisley, that 
 having fallen down in 1798, November 23, at six in the 
 morning. In its fall it took the side buttresses with it. 
 The original tower seems to have been surmounted by a 
 spire. 
 
 The parapets throughout the exterior arc embattled in the 
 usual manner. Besides the south porch there is a door at 
 west end of the north aisle. 
 
 The whole church is in excellent order since the restora- 
 
Great Shelf or d. 59 
 
 tion. The Early English piscina in the south aisle and one 
 or two other earlier features, show that there was a church 
 standing here before the present one was built, and Pattislcy 
 is said to have 'rebuilt ' the church in 1418 or thereabouts, 
 a date corresponding to the style of architecture. 
 
 " Shclford Magna, vicarage S. Mary. 
 
 "Valet in regiis libris £\<\ is. 8d. Solvit decimas 
 £ 1 6s. 8d. 
 
 "Procur'^o 6s. 8d." 
 
 " Shclford Magna exempt from the archdeacon, and 
 subject to the bishop's sole jurisdiction : io l . paid annually 
 to the poor." 
 
 "1291. Ecclia dc Scldeforth Major taxatur ad 5 ^ m. 
 Decimatur 48s." 
 
 " 1 290-1. Ecclia de Schelford Magna taxatur ad 
 £26 13s. A^d. Bona refectorarii de Ely in Shclford taxantur 
 ad is. 1361, aut circitcr. Ecclia dc Shelford Magna 
 numcratur inter bencficia dc patronatu Epi Elien taxatur 
 ad 40 marcas, valet 80 marcas." 
 
 " 1676. Inhabitants 200 ; no recusants or dissenters." 
 
 Dowsing and his band of iconoclasts left their mark on 
 both churches here. Referring to Great Shelford we find the 
 entry: "1643, March 12. We brake down and defaced a 
 cruccfix in the chancel, and 54 superstitious pictures there, 
 58 pictures, two crucifixes, 12 cherubim, and 2 superstitious 
 inscriptions, to be taken down by Jesus College. Edward 
 Fuller and Oliver Carter, churchwardens. Will. Dallison 
 and Avery Howling, constables." 
 
 "1 Mar. 1553. Pensio Rob'ti Dallingham incumbentis 
 libere capellc de Shelford Magna per an xxvs. penc. p. 
 51. a." 
 
 The register dates from 1557, the last year of Mary. 
 
6o Cambridgeshire Chttrckes. 
 
 The following is a return of church goods for Great 
 Shelford, dated 6th Edward VI.* 
 
 " This is a true and perfect inventory indented, made and 
 taken the 3rd day of August, A.D. 6th King Edward VI., 
 by us Richard Wilkes, Clerk, Henry Goodrick, John 
 Hudleston and Thomas Rudstone, Esquires, Commissioners, 
 amongst others, assigned for the survey and view of all 
 manner of goods, plate, jewels, bells, and ornaments, as yet 
 be remaining, forthcoming, and belonging to the parish 
 church there as hereafter following — 
 
 " Plate. — First, one chalice with the patents of silver, 
 weighing 17 oz. 
 
 "Item, one other chalice of silver weighing 6 oz. 
 
 " Item, one pix of silver weighing 8 oz. Item, one pax 
 of silver weighing 4 oz. 
 
 " Ornaments. — Item, one cope of red velvet with one 
 vestment and two tunicles of the same : one old vestment of 
 don-silk, and one cope of don-curell. 
 
 " Item, two hangings of crimson velvet for the high altar : 
 two altar-cloths ; two corporals : one cross of copper, and 
 old altar-cloths. 
 
 "Bells. — Item, in the steeple there, four great bells : 
 item, one Sanctis bell. 
 
 " All which parcels above written be delivered and com- 
 mitted by us the said Commissioners to the safe keeping of 
 John Redway, Richard Newton, William Roger the younger, 
 and William Roger the elder, except and reserved one of the 
 said chalices weighing 17 oz., and one cope of red velvet, 
 and one cope of black velvet, for the only maintenance of 
 divine service in the parish church." 
 
 * Augmentation Bks. Vol. 495, p. 12. Ch. goods Camb., parish of Gt. 
 Shelford. 
 
Great Shelf ord. 61 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1380. Thomas de Eyton. 
 
 Will, de Donnebrugh. 
 
 1392. William de Thrifford — from Simondes- 
 
 brugh, dioc. of Salisbury. 
 1396. John Maderan. 
 
 Thomas Patislie — built church. 
 
 1463. Alexander Woderyngton — Nepos. Episc. 
 1465. Thomas Lane, LL.B. 
 
 John Ratclyff. 
 
 Gilbert Latham. 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 1526. Radulph Shawe. 
 
 1540. Edward Alenson. 
 
 1 541. William Hand. 
 1555. Thomas Burton. 
 Goldwell. 
 
 Robert Holland. 
 
 1569. William Ashebool. 
 1573. Edmund Walshe. 
 1579. John Walters, curate. 
 161 9. Ditto vicar. 
 
 1623. George Welbourne. 
 
 1 63 1. Thomas Atkinson — formerly curate. 
 
 1632. Robert Foxton. 
 1635. Jac. Brearly, curate. 
 1637. Thomas Pattenson. 
 1682. James Crompton, curate. 
 1852. Alexander Thomas Crisford.* 
 
 * The writer has been unable to obtain the names of vicars subsequent to 
 1682. 
 
62 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Cbe ®anor. 
 
 This manor of Little Shelford was in possession of the 
 de Frevilles for many generations, Mabel the wife of Sir 
 Richard de Freville (obiit 1298), having the living in her 
 gift during her lifetime. In 1600 it passed from their 
 hands into those of John Bankes, Esq., who bought it. He 
 subsequently sold it to Sir Toby Palavicini, from whom it 
 afterwards went to the Finches. 
 
 " Schelford Parva in hundred de Trippelowe Baldewynus 
 de Frevill tenet 3 pt Fe5d milit de dno rege in capite et de 
 honore Richm, 4 ptem Feodi 1 milit et de Epo Elien Feod 
 1 milit et dim et debet 1 sect et de aux vie iod p. an. Et 
 ibm sunt 2 hid terrae et dim geld e Rot Feod Com Cant." — 
 Domesday. 
 
 After Baldwin, Richard was lord of it, and had the 
 Comt. Lect. and the advowson of the church, presentation 
 to a water-mill, and the fishing there. 
 
 Escheats to the Crown. — 1 Hen. IV. " Frevyll Thomas 
 fit Clarencise nup aux Robti Frevyll ten 3 ptem m de Pva 
 Shlford de R. et de Epo Elien et de Com Richmond unde 
 de m. ten de R in C tres ptes un feod mil et de Epo Elien 
 feod cm mil et di ptem un feod et de Com Richmond iiij 
 ptem un feod mil." 
 
 A sketch of the history of the noble family of de Freville 
 will be interesting at this point, as their name was most 
 intimately connected with Little Shelford for many 
 generations, and they held high offices in the county and 
 elsewhere. 
 
Little Shclford. 63 
 
 The founder of the family, Baldwin de Freville, came 
 over in the numerous train following the Conqueror, and 
 seems to have settled in Norfolk, for we find that before 
 1 138, Robert de Freville granted the manor of Bagthorpe 
 to Castle Acre Priory in that county. Besides this family 
 at Bagthorpe, there was a Baldwin de Freville in the 
 middle of the 12th ccntuiy, who held certain lands of the 
 Baliols in Wimbotsham, Norfolk. 
 
 The first ancestor of the Cambridgeshire branch seems to 
 have been Sir Richard Freville of Seaming, Norfolk ; his 
 son, Sir Baldwin, married Lucia, heiress of the de Scalariis 
 family, through whom he acquired great wealth, and 
 obtained the manors of Caxton and West Wratting in 
 Cambridgeshire. He left two sons, Richard and Baldwin ; 
 the former being the ancestor of the Cambridgeshire 
 branch. All these names will be better recognized by 
 referring to the subjoined pedigree. 
 
 Sir Alexander de Freville married Joan Cromwell. He 
 became very rich, and a grant of arms was given him ; for 
 early in the 14th century, we find — 
 
 %>\xz aiesauinDrc He fretnle tic or a ime croir. 
 maecle De toer et Be coul. 
 
 Sir Richard (mentioned as the ancestor of the Shelford 
 branch), on the death of his father, was in wardship to the 
 Queen. In 1287 he was summoned to a military council at 
 Gloucester, before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall. His son, in 
 1 308, was summoned to attend in the train, at the coronation 
 of the King and Queen. This Freville was the first who 
 bore the arms — gu. three crescents erm. ; and he is supposed 
 to have rebuilt the chancel of Little Shelford church. The 
 fine tomb to his memory will be mentioned when noticing 
 the fabric. 
 
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68 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 panels are traceried, and there is a good cresting above all. 
 The panels are powdered over with the ermine spots and 
 crescents of the Frevile arms. This was the original diaper, 
 though the whole wood-work here has been recoloured, 
 rather to the detriment of what was remaining of the old 
 illumination. The roof is good high-pitched Decorated, now 
 restored, with some of the old mouldings worked in. 
 
 A few old quarries are left in the windows. The chancel 
 arch is lofty and fine Early English with a cluster of five 
 engaged shafts in each jamb, terminating in excellent caps. 
 The arch has a hood-mould. 
 
 The nave exhibits specimens of several styles from Early 
 Norman to Late Perpendicular. The north side has a large 
 Decorated window of three lights, a three-light Perpendicular 
 insertion, and a little plain Norman window high up near 
 the roof-string. This last is splayed very deeply in the 
 thick wall, the sides still retaining the old scroll-illumi- 
 nation in red and white. There is also a quite plain 
 Norman door, now filled up. These remains show that 
 there must have been a church standing here very early in 
 the 1 2th century. The two arches leading to the rood-loft 
 are quite perfect, and have been fitted with new oak doors. 
 
 The chief feature on the south side of the church is the 
 chantry of the de Frevilles. This is a small Perpendicular 
 chapel raised on two steps above the level of the nave. 
 The arch from the latter into it has continuous mouldings, 
 and has been once coloured, as can be seen by remaining 
 traces. The chapel is lighted by two large windows, an 
 east one of four lights, and a very good five-light south one. 
 In the angle between these two windows, beside where the 
 altar once stood, is a fine niche with a high crocheted 
 canopy, the base being formed by an angel holding a 
 shield. The canopy is good, but late. There was a 
 corresponding one on the other side, but only the base of 
 
Little Shclford. 69 
 
 this is left. Under it is a hagioscope, now filled up. The 
 roof is Plain Perpendicular. There are several ugly modern 
 tablets to the Ingles on the wall. 
 
 Two very beautiful little brasses to members of the 
 Freville family lie on the floor ; they commemorate most 
 probably Robert de Freville (d. 1393) and his wife Claricia ; 
 and Thomas Freville (son of the last) and his wife, 
 Margaret. He died in 1405. They are evidently both the 
 work of the same artist, there being but little difference 
 between them in detail. In both cases the knight is shewn 
 in complete armour (an early form of plate) with mail 
 round the throat, and a high pointed helmet. Two oval 
 pieces protect the person at the arm-pits. He holds his 
 lady by the right hand, she being attired in a long mantle 
 and wimple. The drawing of these two brasses is excellent ; 
 and as good a specimen of the period as can be met with. 
 Both inscriptions are now lost, but Baker gives the follow- 
 ing as existing in his time, and which seem to belong to 
 
 them — 
 
 IRobcrtua De Jfrctnlc frater et bcrca 
 
 "Diai Jobifl tit jfrctnlc ofaut anno Din 
 
 millio ccclrrrriii f&ui f?ic jacct ct 
 
 Claricia ujror ejus. 
 
 and — 
 
 Zbomaa jfretnlc u'liu0 et bercs IRobti 
 
 Jfrerjile obiit anno "Drix mccccrr qui 
 
 bic jacct cum fHarcjarcta urore sua. 
 
 The place in the family occupied by the above will be seen 
 better by referring to the pedigree. Margaret, the wife of 
 Thomas Freville died in 14 10, five years after her husband. 
 
 There must have been many more memorials to the 
 Freville family in the church, but these two brasses, and the 
 altar-tomb are all that remain. 
 
70 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The following inscriptions &c, are preserved by Cole and 
 Layer (MSS Brit. Mus.) and are taken from their MSS. 
 To Elena de Freville (d. 1380) — 
 
 {btc jacet Dita ffilena tie jfretotfl 
 que obiit to fealcnU jFcbtttatii anno 
 Dm millto ccclrjcj: . 
 
 Cole found in a visitation book for Cambridgeshire at 
 the heralds'-office, the following for Richard Freville. 
 
 U^ic jacet Hits die JFtebile miles 
 tins istius toillae tie poa SfjelfotD 
 qui obiit ii° Die Septembris 3it 
 Uiii mcccljcjcb. 
 
 His figure in armour was then existing. 
 
 Also— 
 
 fyic jacet mill tie jfrebiile aim 
 
 quontia Ditus istius trillae qui 
 
 obiit jcir° Die ^anuatii 9. Dni 
 
 mcccclr. et 8nna et iHargateta 
 
 urates ejusDem <E2H illius que 9nna 
 
 obiit — Die mens' JFebruarii anno 
 
 Diti mcccc — que JHatcateta ohiit 
 
 Die mens' — anno Dili mcccc — 
 
 aDuottf animab's propicietur &eua. 3men. 
 
 Also— 
 
 And— 
 
 3!n etacia et misericotDia Dei bit 
 jacet IRobtus fretoile atmicct quonD' 
 Dits istius toille et iRosa uror ejus 
 qui obiit Dccimo Die mensis 9ptilis 
 9it Diti mcccccrrii Quorum 
 animab' p'picict* ^Deua. 9mcn. 
 
 fyic jacet Eosa JFtcfcill toiDua quonDa 
 uror IRobetti Jftcbife atmiceti que 
 
Little Shclford. 71 
 
 obiit Xp trie 3prilt0 9n £>ni mDrrtjr 
 &UJ110 anime p'picet' Dcus. 
 
 In the centre of the nave lies a small brass to a priest 
 (inscription wanting) depicting him in cassock and tippet, 
 the latter looking as if it has a hood attached. This is, no 
 doubt, to the memory of a former rector, perhaps John Cate, 
 1445. 
 
 There were formerly these arms in the east window : — 
 
 1. Gu. three crescents crm. for Freville. 
 
 2. Seme de fleurs-de-lys or, a field az., for France, 
 quartering, gu. three lions pass, or, for England ; over 
 all a label of three points, for Edward, Prince of Wales. 
 
 3. Freville impaling gu. seme de cross-crosslets, three 
 lucies hauriant or, for Lucy. (St. John de Freville, d. 1372, 
 married a Lucy.) 
 
 On a scroll in the window : — 
 
 <&te Zbo fHarttr tti p'piciuc csto mifri peccatori. 
 
 We will here complete the architectural account of the 
 interior. The tower arch is large Decorated, with con- 
 tinuous mouldings, no caps, but bases. The west window 
 is two-light Decorated. There are one or two matrices 
 of brasses here. The font is plain octagonal Perpendicular 
 on five shafts. 
 
 The church was further decorated with these coats in 
 the windows and elsewhere : — 
 
 1. Freville, impaling gu. a chevron between three swans 
 arg., for Charleton. 
 
 (Win. de Freville, sheriff in 1481, married a lady of this 
 family.) 
 
 2. Freville, impaling sab. a fesse gu., on it a fesse wavy 
 are- six torteaux between three hounds'-heads arg. 
 
72 Cambridgeshire Churches . 
 
 3. Gu. three pitchers arg. handled or, out of each a 
 three-branched lily arg. 
 
 4. Gu. a fess between three annulets arg., for D'eschallers. 
 (Sir Baldwin de F., d. 1247, married Lucia, dau. of Sir 
 Rich. D'eschallers.) 
 
 5. Gu. three chevrons arg., for Barrington. 
 
 6. Sab. a chevron between three martlets arg. 
 
 7. Arms of Palavizine. 
 
 When Cole was at Little Shelford he found a brass out 
 in the churchyard. 
 
 In one of the windows of the chapel was a scroll : — 
 
 2Drate pro artimab' 3fofci0 jfretoill 
 et ©Ilene ujc' ejus et Salter ftrtpcf? 
 rect. ccclle* 
 
 There are two late tombs, one with arms of Manning — 
 three roses and a chief, and one to Francis Wasley with 
 the arms : gu. a chief arg. 
 
 One of the de Freville brasses was a fine cross with the 
 figure of the knight in the head. 
 
 In the east window a scroll : — 
 
 9nna mater iSarie ora. 
 
 On the wall at the side of the arch leading to the chapel 
 is the following in brass: — 
 
 THIS SEAT AND SIDE CHAPEL BEELONG TO THE 
 LORDS OF THIS MANOUR, HERETOFORE THE FREVILES 
 ESQUIRES AFTERWARDS JOHN BANCKS DECEASED 
 AND NOW PRISCILLA BANKES HIS WIDDOWE IN 
 WHOM FOR HER TIME THE SAID LORDSHIP IS AT 
 WHOSE CHARGE THIS INSCRIBED PLATE WAS FIXED 
 HERE FOR TESTIMONY. 
 
 Arms. — A cross charged with five pallets, between four 
 fleurs-de-lys ; impaling a cross-bow. 
 
Little Shelford. 
 
 It will be seen that the whole interest attached to this 
 church is centred in the Frevilles, a grand old family now 
 extinct. 
 
 A slight notice of the exterior of the church will be 
 wanted to complete the sketch. The South porch is a 
 good modern wooden one, with open side-lights. The 
 tower is Decorated, but is quite plain ; it has an embattled 
 top parapet and good buttresses. There are single 
 lancets in the top stage. The dripstone terminations to 
 the south window of the Frcvillc chapel are charged with 
 the arms of the family. 
 
 Near the porch there are eight or ten very curious old 
 coffin-lids built up in the wall. These have very varying 
 designs, and are for the most part of the 12th century. 
 
 The old church-yard cross (of which only the stem was 
 left) has happily been restored during the late improve- 
 ments. 
 
 The church is very small on the whole, and has little 
 architectural pretensions. 
 
 " Shelford parva non appropriata, est ibi rector taxatur 
 ad XXV m. Ornamcnta sunt ha?c," &c. ; amongst which 
 there is said to be " vestimentum et dalmatica de dono 
 Elianorae Freville." 
 
 "Valet in regiis libris £15 o>s. yd. Procur' 2s. Sd. 
 
 " 1 29 1. Ecclia de Seldeforthe parva taxatur ad x ?° m. 
 Decimatur, iSs. 8d. 
 
 " 1 290-1. Eadem taxatur ad ,£10 13X. 4^." 
 
 The living is now in the gift of St. Catherine's College, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Dowsing's entry concerning depredations at Little 
 Shelford, runs thus — "March 12. We destroyed three 
 superstitious inscriptions, two crosses (one on the steeple, 
 the other on the church), two crucifixes, and thirty pictures, 
 
 E 
 
74 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 and ordered the minister to level the steps. Received 
 6s. 8d" 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1337. Thomas de Eyton. 
 
 1393. Robert Cook, res. Walter Knight. 
 
 1445. John Cate, M.A. 
 
 1473. Richard Roche, D.D. 
 
 1494. Thomas Wardell, M.A. 
 
 Thomas Hynde. 
 
 1 539. Robert Swinborne. 
 1557. John Dale, B.D. 
 
 George Fuller. 
 
 1 57 1. Roger Lund. 
 1580. John Shufield. 
 1582. Ditto. 
 
 Michael Curd. 
 
 1625. George Wilbourne. 
 
 1627. John Heath. 
 
 1642. Gilbert Wigmore. 
 
 1674. Richard Manning, M.A., obiit Apr. 23, 
 
 1709. 
 1709. Roger Gillingham, obiit 1746. 
 1756. Henry Pemberton. 
 1758. Thomas Hirst. 
 1788. Samuel Ingles, curate, afterwards rector 
 
 obiit Oct. 13, 1794. 
 1794. Martin Hogg. 
 1806. Henry Finch, obiit June 28, 1849. 
 1849. William Law. 
 1852. James Edward Law. 
 
 Roger Lund, 1 57 1, and rectors subsequent to Michael 
 Curd, 1582, have signed the register. 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE 
 
 oN<o 
 
 aauiuujijam. 
 
 [HIS is a large village, situated about ten miles 
 north-west of Cambridge, not far from the 
 boundary of the county and Huntingdon, in 
 the hundred of Papworth and deanery of 
 Chesterton. It is an interesting place in many ways, and 
 possesses a fine church, as will be seen by the description 
 given in these pages. Willingham is mentioned in many 
 ancient documents, and in the Domesday is called both 
 Wivelinegaham and Wuivelingeham. The " wonderful boy 
 of Willingham " caused a great sensation during the short 
 time he lived. 
 
 Cfje manors. 
 
 This village anciently appertained to the Bishop of Ely, 
 who held it of the King by the fourth part of a knight's-fee, 
 with the advowson in capite. 
 
 Simon de Insula, Kt, had certain rents and services in 
 this village, and his successors for ever. The following is 
 the deed shewing his claims — 
 
 " Omnibus &c. Symon de Insula miles salut in DiTo 
 sempitna. Noverit univsitas me dedisse concessione et hac 
 
 F 2 
 
74 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 presenti Carta mea confirmasse, p me et hederibs meis et 
 assigs venerabili patri Dno Johl Dei gratia Ep5 Elien, 
 Feoda militum, Redditus et servicia infra scripta, viz Dno 
 feoda militum in Middleton que Dno Johes de extraneis et 
 Alionora uxor ejus tenuerunt de me in eadem villa, de 
 feodo ejusdem EpI et annal redd Paris Calear deaurat, 
 quod inde recepi : Et unu feodu militu in villa de Papworth 
 Everard, quod Johes de la Haye tenuit de me in eadem, 
 tarn de Hered qua de pquisit sua, qd de Hered Marise 
 quonda uxoris sue : et detu ann Redd in Wyvelingham 
 quod Adam Gorle tenuit de me in eadem villa et qd de 
 redd de tenentu qd de me tenuit ibm, de feodo ejusdem 
 EpI &c. In cujus rei testimonii sigullu meu psenticarte 
 apposui. Datu apud Waltham Die Martis px ante festum 
 Sci Georgii A Regni regis Edw. xvij Hiis testibus Dns 
 Johe de Cobham, Willmo de Middleton, Willo de Carlton, 
 Nicho de Castr, Dno etiam de Avenell, Willm5 de la Haye> 
 Willmd Muschete, Alano Puceys, militibus " &c. 
 
 The manor belonging to the Bishop of Ely was given to 
 the Abbot and convent in early times by Ulva, a Saxon, 
 and subsequently became attached to the see. 
 
 1 25 1 (35 Hen. III.) "Rex concessit Hugoni Epd et succ 
 suis qd habeant in ppetu liberam warrenam in oibs 
 dominicis terris suis de Wyvelingham in Com Cante- 
 brigge." 
 
 About the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth the bishop 
 alienated the manor to the Crown, amongst others in the 
 county, in exchange for other things ; and in 1600, 27 
 June, the Queen granted to the bishopric of Ely, among 
 other advowsons, rectories, &c, the advowson of Willing- 
 ham in exchange for the manor of Willingham and several 
 others in Cambridgeshire alienated before to her. 
 
 "Martin, Bishop of Ely, for and in consideration &c, 
 
Willingkam. 75 
 
 aliened, granted, bargained and sold, for himself and 
 successors, to the t Queen, for ever, all that manor of Willing- 
 ham, &c. . . . and all the fishing in Willingham aforesaid, 
 and all that fishing called Auxmeare, and all that pasture 
 called Oueenholme . . &c, excepting and reserving to the 
 said bishop and his successors for ever, the advowson and 
 right of patronage of the rectory of Willingham aforesaid." 
 
 It was then granted to Thomas Parkes of Wisbech, Esq., 
 whose only daughter and coheiress brought it in marriage 
 to Sir Miles Sandys of Wilburton, Kt. Afterwards it 
 passed into possession of the families of Holman, Browneli, 
 Askham and Hatton, the last Sir Thomas Hatton marry- 
 ing the daughter and heiress of Dingley Askham, Esq. 
 
 There is a second manor in Willingham, called the manor 
 of Brunes ; for at an early date it was in possession of the 
 families of Brune and Druell. 
 
 15 Ric. II. — "John de Brunne gives a messuage, 13 acres of 
 land and one acre of meadow in Wyvelingham to a chaplein, 
 &c, in the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Wyvelingha, 
 to pray for his owne soule, and the soules of his father and 
 mother, &c, holden of Thomas and Richard Haselden." 
 
 This " Brunes maner " was corruptedly called " Bornes 
 maner," and afterwards passed into possession of the 
 bishop. Richard Druell, brother and heir of John Druell, 
 son of Wm. Druell and Johan his wife, held the manor of 
 Willingham called Bornes Manor of the bishop in 11 
 Hen. VII. 
 
 In 1632 it became the property of a Mr. Marsh ; and in 
 1705, William Parker, Esq., the ancestor of Wm. Praker 
 Hamond, Esq., of Pampisford Hall, became possessor. The 
 estate has been in the possession of this family until now. 
 
 There were some small portions of land here held by 
 others than those named above. 
 
76 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 " Thomas Sorokold did homage to Wm. Gray, Bishop of 
 Ely, for lands &c, in Willingham, which Thomas Alrech 
 sometime held by knight's-service." (3 Edw. IV.) 
 
 " Francis Hynde, Kt, son of Sir John Hynde, Kt, held 
 certain lands of the bishop." (3 Edw. VI.) 
 
 There are several benefactions to the parish : — 
 
 There is a house given by Henry Greaves, in 1505, which 
 lets for about .£12 per ann. for the good of the poor. 
 
 A charity-school was founded by subscription in 1593. 
 
 Dr. Smith, provost of King's College, in 1616, founded an 
 almshouse for four poor widows, and endowed it with £12 
 per ann. 
 
 In 1700 Dr. Say well, master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 
 gave by will a rent-charge of £12 per ann. 
 
 Willingham is the birth-place of the celebrated Thomas 
 Hall, an individual who only lived five years and ten 
 months, and who during that period attained to all the 
 faculties and strength of manhood, dying at an apparent old 
 age on Sept. 3, 1747. 
 
 He was born with very distinguishing marks of premature 
 faculties, and is said to have grown one inch per month. 
 He was very strong and could throw a hammer of 17 lbs. 
 weight some distance. Moreover, he had a beard and a 
 strong bass voice. Some account of him was published 
 after his death by Mr. Dawkes, a surgeon, in a pamphlet 
 called " Prodigium Willinghamense," and a description of 
 his life was also sent to the Royal Society. 
 
 In 1703, according to ancient custom in this place, which 
 had been neglected, but which was renewed upon the 
 evidence of Mr. Edw. Negus, a lawyer, mortuaries began to 
 be paid in this way, debts first paid — for 48' movables, 
 1 or. ; if 30S 6s. Sd. ; if 6 l , 13^.4^. ; if under, nothing. None 
 due from a child, boarder or traveller. 
 
Willingham. 77 
 
 The rector, in his own right, and according to ancient 
 usage in this village, nominated and appointed the school- 
 master. 
 
 C&s Cfmrcf). 
 
 The church, dedicated to S. Mary and All Saints, is very 
 interesting in many ways. It is chiefly Decorated, with 
 insertions in other styles. It will be best, in describing its 
 architectural features, to begin with the interior. The 
 chancel has an cast window of five lights, very plain 
 Late Perpendicular, inserted in the older Decorated jambs, 
 which are finely moulded. There is a hood, and carved 
 heads for label ends. The north wall has two two-light De- 
 corated windows with reticulated heads and hood-moulds ; 
 they are slightly different in design, the easternmost being 
 the richest. Here is an arched recess, probably for a tomb, 
 but now containing no figure or slab. The south wall has 
 a two-light Decorated window similar to those opposite, 
 and a second two-light one of bold characteristic design, and 
 of rather a foreign appearance. It has a hood-mould with 
 carved ends. The piscina and sedilia are remarkably fine, 
 consisting of four trefoiled arches or arcades under a hori- 
 zontal string or cresting. The mouldings of the arcade are 
 deep and bold, the arches rising originally from shafts with 
 round moulded caps, the former being now lost. In the last 
 arcade east is the piscina, the remaining three forming the 
 sedilia. One of the windows on the south side is filled up, 
 only the arch being visible. The roof is excellent fiat 
 Perpendicular, with well carved principals and knots of 
 foliage, having a rich effect. The original corbels support- 
 ing it appear to be gone, the present ones being of plain 
 wood, seemingly modern. There are the original old stalls 
 left, at least the seats proper with carved arms, &c, but 
 
78 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 the front panelling is modern. The old parts, however, are 
 ruined by being painted and grained. The misereres are 
 gone. The chancel arch is plain Decorated, rising from 
 octagonal corbels with plain mouldings. 
 
 The nave is formed of six bays on either side, Decorated, 
 with plain arches. The piers are peculiar, though simple ; 
 their section would be formed by the amalgamation of four 
 octagonal shafts. The caps are moulded. There is a 
 clerestory, which seems Perpendicular, but all the tracery and 
 mullions are gone, only the square lights being left. The 
 great feature of this part of the church is its very fine Per- 
 pendicular roof with double rows of hammer-beams. It 
 has thirteen compartments or divisions, and twice as many 
 hammer-beams. The pitch is very great for the style. 
 All the details of this roof are very good, like the Norfolk 
 and Suffolk types, the springings supporting the beams 
 having their spandrels carved with very varying designs of 
 foliage, shields, &c. The rose and mullet occur frequently. 
 There seem to have been seraphim attached to the hammer- 
 beams originally, as was often the case, but if so, these are 
 gone at the present time. The wall plate is ornamented 
 with angels having wide-spread wings, alternating with 
 crowns, most probably for the see of Ely. The corbels are 
 entirely gone. This roof bears many traces of illumination. 
 The whole is in a great state of neglect, though not of 
 absolute decay, and could be rendered very beautiful by 
 careful restoration. The piers of the nave arcade are 
 painted a slate colour, and all the walls have been submitted 
 to the brush of the white-washer. At the west end, hiding 
 the tower-arch and west window, is a low wooden gallery, 
 over which are the royal arms ; — both might be very advant- 
 ageously removed. 
 
 The north aisle is lighted by three two-light Decorated 
 
Willingham . 7 9 
 
 windows of very good design, the east and west ones being 
 devoid of tracery. There are two excellent canopied tombs 
 side by side, having ogee arches and carved finials, but no 
 crockets. They have also plain bold cusps. Here at the 
 east end is the step for the altar formerly existing there. 
 The east end of both the aisles was shut off by parclose 
 screens to form chantry chapels, most probably dedicated 
 to separate saints. The screen in both cases remains, 
 the one in this north aisle being Decorated, and though 
 much mutilated, is a beautiful specimen of the period. It 
 is formed by a central door and six open lights, three on 
 each side. The base is panelled to a height of about three 
 feet, whence a traceried arcade rises and supports the top 
 moulding of the screen. This arcade consists of circular 
 shafts of moulded caps and bands of a very pure style, the 
 tracery in the head of the arcade being of a simple but rich 
 design. The top moulding has an embattled cresting, 
 giving the whole an imposing appearance. This screen 
 faces west, and there was a similar one between the first 
 two arches of the nave to form the chapel, but of this last 
 part nothing remains but the base panelling. Traces of 
 illumination are visible, but the whole has been ruthlessly 
 whitewashed, as is most of the woodwork in the church. 
 The roof here is Perpendicular fiat, but well moulded, and 
 divided into seven main compartments. It has some good 
 carved bosses and knots of foliage, and the spandrels of the 
 depressed arches supporting it are filled with tracery of 
 very various and ingenious designs. It has been coloured, 
 the portion over the chantry altar being still in excellent 
 preservation, exhibiting some very good diapering and 
 bordering in chocolate and white, the pattern being here 
 and there counterchanged. 
 
 A very excellent Perpendicular pulpit stands against the 
 
 f 3 
 
80 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 second nave pier on the north side ; it is pentagonal, and 
 stands on a single octagonal shaft, from which groining 
 springs to the angles of the pentagon. The cap of the 
 supporting shaft has an embattled abacus. The panels in 
 the sides are beautifully carved in the heads, each spandrel 
 varying in design. The top moulding of the whole is rich 
 and effective. This pulpit has unfortunately suffered much 
 from a thick coat of green paint, and has been lowered from 
 its original position by cutting off part of the main shaft. 
 
 The south aisle has three two-light Perpendicular windows, 
 two of which have lost their tracery. The east and west 
 ones are Decorated of three lights, of curious and flamboyant 
 design. The roof, as in the north aisle, is fiat Perpendicular, 
 of heavier proportion and different design to its fellow ; it 
 also has some excellent knots of foliage. Here, too, is a 
 parclose screen, but Perpendicular, consisting of a door, and 
 four open compartments ; the mullions of the arcade are 
 gone, but the tracery remains. It has arched panels in the 
 base, with cinquefolied heads. The bases only of the 
 portions running east and west remain. The stone corbels 
 of the roof here have been nearly obliterated by whitewash, 
 but are very good grotesque Decorated. There is a Deco- 
 rated piscina and canopied tomb at the east end, but these 
 are almost hidden by pews of the worst type. The tomb 
 arch is crocheted. The base of the screen running east 
 and west is remarkable, having some exceptionally fine 
 carving in the spandrels formed by the arch of the panel, 
 in a square frame. The designs are leaves, grotesque faces, 
 figures, &c. All this woodwork has been painted white, 
 and is thereby much defaced. The whole of the nave 
 contains the original open seats with good carved standards ; 
 they are now shut in by the pews, and worked in a way 
 into their construction. At the west end there is a 
 
Willingham. 8 1 
 
 Perpendicular octagonal font, standing on a thick stem of the 
 same form. The faces of the basin are ornamented with 
 sunken quatrefoils. The alternate faces of the supporting 
 stem are panelled in two lights. 
 
 The tower-arch is good plain Decorated with a single deep 
 moulding, but the piers in the jambs are very fine octagonal 
 ones, having richly-moulded caps with battlemented abaci. 
 This arch is worthy of special attention, but it is now blocked 
 up by boarding and a gallery, mentioned before. The 
 west window has been fine Decorated, but the mullions 
 and tracery are gone ; the arch and jambs are richly 
 moulded. The wall north and south is panelled by two 
 large arched recesses. Here there is a door up to the 
 belfry. 
 
 We now come to a very interesting feature in this church, 
 e.g. the little chapel or vestry at the north-east side of the 
 chancel. This is entered from the latter by a small door. 
 It is about 1 6 feet by 10 feet in area, and has a most 
 remarkable high-pitched stone roof. This roof is supported 
 on three high-pitched stone arches rising from corbels, and 
 pierced above by tracery with foliated cusping. The little 
 corbels are very curious, having grotesque heads and abaci. 
 In the north wall there is a small two-light window ; the 
 east window is similar in design but bigger ; and there is 
 also a little window at the west end, high up. The piscina 
 has its stoup mounted on a shaft. This little vestry is 
 exceedingly curious by reason of its stone roof, and is 
 almost unique. It has been lately colour-washed with a 
 view to improvement, but with a very bad result. The 
 whole of the interior of this very interesting church is in a 
 lamentable state of neglect, having a brick floor, deal pews 
 replacing the fine oak benches, miserable chancel arrange- 
 ments, &c. Careful restoration, however, would have a 
 
82 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 wonderful effect towards bringing it back to its old state of 
 excellence. The space above the chancel arch has been 
 pierced to make a modern square window. All the defacing 
 of woodwork, &c, was doubtless done in that most tasteless 
 age, the last century, when vandalism was rife. 
 
 Taking now the exterior, there is a fine large Decorated 
 south porch, the inner door of which has very deeply-cut 
 mouldings, which run right through to the ground, there 
 being no jamb-shafts. On the east side of it is a stoup 
 raised on a shaft, the whole under a good arched recess. 
 The walls east and west are divided into four large arches, 
 two on either side, furnished with hood-moulds. It has a 
 Perpendicular roof of two compartments. The outer door 
 has single shafts in the jambs. All the parapets are 
 embattled. The south wall of the chancel is supported by 
 one very large buttress of two stages, and by two smaller 
 ones. The little priest's door is well moulded. The little 
 north-east vestry has three excellent squat buttresses, 
 reaching to the top of the wall, about eight feet high. A 
 rich moulding encircles the base, including the buttresses. 
 The remarkable stone roof curves out just at the eaves in a 
 peculiar manner, effective for taking off the rain. The 
 practical details were most ingeniously combined with the 
 ornamental, by the mediaeval architects. The ridge of the 
 roof is ornamented with the favourite embattled cresting. 
 Both the vestry and the chancel have lately been colour- 
 washed, with an exceedingly damaging result. The south 
 aisle is in a very bad state, even the comparatively modern 
 brick buttresses are coming away from the wall. Here 
 there is a plain Decorated door. The west tower is a good 
 and imposing composition, being surmounted by a lofty 
 spire. It is Decorated, and has two buttresses, at right 
 angles, at each corner. The top stage is pierced by four 
 
Willing ham. 8 
 
 j 
 
 windows of two lights, having dripstones. A battlemented 
 parapet with semi-quatrefoils in the alternating portions 
 forms the top, and there are four octagonal pinnacles of 
 peculiar design, which send as many crocketed flying- 
 buttresses to the opposite faces of the octagonal spire. 
 The last has dormers. A good deep moulding enriches 
 the base. The roof has good gurgoyles. 
 
 It will be seen by the above account that this church 
 possesses very considerable interest in many ways, and its 
 present state of woeful neglect is much to be deplored. 
 There are no inscriptions, monuments, or old glass now 
 remaining. 
 
 The fine nave roof is supposed to have come from Barn- 
 well Priory, when, in common with others, it was abandoned 
 at the Dissolution ; but this is not quite authenticated. 
 Of the two chapels in the aisles, shut off by the screens, 
 the one in the north aisle belonged to the lord of the manor 
 of Willingham, the other to the manor of Brunes. 
 
 In the last century there were slabs or tablets to several 
 persons, among them one to Mary Hare, relict of St. John 
 Hare, Esq., 1688, with the arms, — A chevron between three 
 greyhounds pass, collared, for Gainsford. Also one to 
 Frances, wife of James Saywell, Gent., and daughter of 
 Erasmus Gainsford of Crowhurst place, Surrey, with the 
 arms — Party per pale nebule or and gu. six martlets 
 counter-changed, for Saywell, impaling Gainsford. There 
 was likewise a slab to Rev. Mr. Martin, rector (obiit 
 Sep. 3, 1738). There is a funny story told of him when 
 chaplain to the English factory at Lisbon. A lady there 
 fell in love with him, and following him to England in a 
 very romantic manner, they met and were ultimately united 
 in marriage. 
 
 Cole mentions some canopies over the stalls, but these 
 
 F 4 
 
8 4 
 
 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 certainly are not existing at the present time. The roof 
 has the devices of a cross, a saltaire, two arrows in saltaire, 
 and mullets. This last ornament seems to imply that the 
 de Veres had something to do with the erection of the roof, 
 and probably gave money for the purpose. 
 
 The bad state of the wall-tomb in the south aisle may be 
 accounted for by the fact of that portion of the building 
 being used as a school, during great part of the last 
 century. 
 
 Willingham is one of those villages especially exempt 
 from the visitation of the archdeacon, as also is Great 
 Shelford, and one or two others. 
 
 " Ecclia deWyvelingham non appropriata : est ibi rector 
 taxatur ad 31 marcas. Solvit' pro synod' 2s. \d. Procur 
 18^. ; Den' Sci Petri 4.?. ; Ornamenta sunt haec, &c. Valet 
 in regiis libris £18 8s. \\d. Solvit Xmas^i 16s. gid." 
 
 " 1290-1. Ecclia de Wyvelingham taxatur ad^"26 13s. ^d. 
 Bona prions de Bernewelle in Wyvelingham taxantur ad is." 
 
 " 1291. Ecclia de Wyvelingham taxatur ad +2. m. 
 Decimatur xxixs. iiijW." 
 
 In the east windows were two coats of arms ; that of 
 Ely — gu. three crowns or, and that of Thomas Bourchier, 
 Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 131 5. Magr Johes de Eversdon, rector. 
 
 1337. William Duchate. Mar. 2. 
 
 1339. Wills de Hambey. Nov. 5, Lie abs. 
 
 1342. Adam de Lyngham. Apr. 3. 
 
 1348. Ricus de Denford. 3 k. Oct. 
 
 1352. Rob de Sandwell. Mar. 4. 
 
 1375. Magr Robtus Susted, L.D., rector. 
 
 Diis Johes Snogh, capellanus. 
 
Willingham. 85 
 
 1392. Johes Charity. 
 
 1402. Robtus Ryk. Feb. 27. 
 
 1406. Hulle. Dec. 23. 
 
 1447. John Lugden. Aug. 15. 
 
 John Rumpaine. 
 
 1545. Launcel Rydley. Jan. 10. 
 
 1554. Dr. Launcelotus Rydley, rector de Wyvelingham, 
 
 deprivatur, May 4. Thomas Parkynson, S.T.B. 
 
 May 5. 
 
 1 560. John Price, minister. 
 
 1 561. Thomas Parkynson, rector (also of Wimpole and 
 
 Arrington). June 9. 
 1595. Dr. Smith, Nov. 3, rated for his parsonage to pay 
 one petronel furnished. 
 
 1 598. Dr. Smith, parson. 
 
 1599. John Hawkshee, curate. 
 
 1603. Charles Smyth, curate, and again in 161 2. 
 
 1608. John Nixon, curate. 
 
 1 61 7. Edmund Maplctoff, curate. 
 
 1623. George Allsopp, curate. 
 
 1625. Edward Wethered, curate. 
 
 1630. John Buckeridge, rector — obiit 1647. 
 
 1 63 1. Thomas Ambler, curate. 
 
 1647. Nathaniel Bradshaw, rector till 1662 — obiit 1690. 
 He seems to have kept a conventicle after he was 
 ejected. Another record states that in this year 
 Aug. 20, Thomas Wren, M.D., LL.D., was 
 instituted, but this is probably a mistake. 
 
 1679. William Saywell, S.T.P. Dec. 18. 
 
 1682. Samuel Saywell, B.D., curate. 
 
 1698. John Brooks, curate. 
 
 1701. Nathaniel Naylor, M.A., rector, June 13 — obiit. 
 
 W. Saywell. 
 
86 Cambridgeshire Chtirckes. 
 
 William King,- curate. 
 
 1706. James Wenbyn, B.D., rector— obiit Sep. 3, 1738. 
 
 1708. Licentia concessa Dyonysis Lysh, College SS. 
 Trinitatis alumn. ad instruendum pueros infra 
 parochiam de Wyvelingham. 
 
 1 7 14. Robert Manlove, M.A., curate (rector of Long 
 Stanton). 
 
 1720. George Atton, B.A., curate. 
 
 1738. James Reynolds, B.D., rector. 
 
 1741. William Windle, B.A., curate. (He was accused, 
 amongst some others belonging to Caius College, 
 of being an atheist, and several of them were 
 expelled in consequence, while his bishop com- 
 pelled him to write a book in vindication of the 
 faith.) 
 
 1743. Thomas Ibbot, M.A., curate, — of Caius College. 
 It appears that " he was somewhat disordered in 
 his head, and was made worse by ye perverse 
 humour of ye people of ye parish, who for ye 
 most part are a factious set of persons, fanatically 
 inclined, and consequently censorious of all those 
 of another mode of worship." * 
 
 1747. John Bowie, B.A., of Trinity College, curate. " He 
 was very much the same." * 
 
 James Reynolds, D.D., rector. 
 
 1753. John Gooch, M.A. 
 
 18 — . George Law, D.D. 
 
 Sir Henry Bate Dudley, Bart, LL.D. 
 
 John Brocklebank, B.D. 
 
 John Graham, D.D. 
 
 Robert Phelps, D.D. (Master of Sidney Sussex 
 
 College), rector. 
 
 * Cole. 
 
Over. 87 
 
 Edward J. Laughlin, M.A., officiates for him, as 
 
 curate in charge. 
 The following are extracts from the register — burials. 
 1617. Mr. Martin Wharton. Dec. 16. 
 164.1. Mr. John Hamond. 
 
 1690. Nathaniel Bradshaw, Oct. 18 — a barn preacher. 
 
 (There are some records of this man existing — 
 
 he appears to have been a great nuisance at 
 
 Willingham, but Bishop Kennet observes that 
 
 Calamy's account of Bradshaw states that he 
 
 was an intruder at Willingham, and had he 
 
 conformed, he could not have retained his 
 
 position.) 
 
 The register begins in 1559, and is well kept. About 
 
 1653, Dudley Pope, Esq., J. P., who lived at Over, was the 
 
 person before whom all marriages were celebrated. " John 
 
 Price, minister," seems to be the first priest who signed it. 
 
 ©tajr. 
 
 This village is situated about three miles from S. Ives, 
 and eleven from Cambridge, in the same hundred and 
 deanery as Willingham. In ancient documents it is called 
 Oure, Overe, and Over. 
 
 In early times the principal manor in this village was 
 given to Ramsey Abbey by Ednothus, Bishop of Dorchester, 
 the second prelate of that name. At the Dissolution it 
 changed hands, and, like other church properties, escheated 
 to the Crown, who seems to have possessed it till the time 
 of James I., when that monarch gave it as a present to his 
 
Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 favourite, George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. Sub- 
 sequent to him, the families of Wade, Kirkby, Phillips, 
 Edwards, and Taylor were lords of the manor. 
 
 The Abbess of Chateriz held 4 yard land of the Bishop 
 of Ely, and the Abbot of Ramsey held 42 yard land, and 
 had the gift of the church (temp. Hen. III.). 
 
 " Overe Alanus de Fugeres ten 3 Feod 1 milit de Epo 
 Elien, et debet 1 sect, et de aux vie 4s. ibm geld det 
 pontag. Ibm Joh de Overe deb 1 sect et de aux vie 2 s e 
 Rob Feod Com. Cant." — Domesday. 
 
 "Over in Hundr de Papworth. Abbas de Ramsey et 
 Epus Elien sunt DnI." (9 Edw. II.) 
 
 " The abbot held in Over 10 hides of land and a half, of 
 the King." (22 Hen. III. Lib. Feod. Mil.) 
 
 "By the hundred roll he is found to hold in Over 41 yard 
 land, meadow and marishe, whereof in demeane 10 yard 
 land, sixe yard land of it lyeth in the marshe, and yeeldeth 
 no rent, he hath also the advowson of the church, view of 
 frank pledge, &c, by the grant of King Henry, Father of 
 King Edward, and one Mill valued 20s." (Rot Hundr 
 9 Edw. I.) 
 
 John Freisell held 4 yard land with his tenants in Over 
 and 12 acres thereof in demeanes. In the general in- 
 quisition of 9 Edw. II. the abbot and bishop were found 
 lords. (Nma Villar 9 Edw. II.) 
 
 Thomas de Newby gave, amongst other things, 40$-. rent 
 in Over, Slepe, &c, holden of the Abbot of Ramsey, to the 
 said Abbot. (38 Edw. III.) 
 
 " John Braby the elder, granted 1 messuage in Over, 
 holden of Wm. Gravelock, by the service of id. per aim., 
 and the said Wm. of the Abbot of Ramsey, to the chantrie 
 of St. Trinitie and the blessed Virgin Marie in the said 
 church." (19 Ric. II.) 
 
Over. 89 
 
 The manor of Abbot came to the Crown at the Dissolution. 
 
 "The Bishop of Elye holdeth in Over 2 hides and 30 
 acres of land of the King in capite." (27 Hen. III. — libr 
 Feod Milit Epi Elien.) 
 
 " Alan de Fugeres holdeth the third part of a knight's- 
 fee in Over of the Bishop of Elye and oweth suits and 
 sheriffes ayd, and one hyde thereof oweth Pontage." (31 
 Hen. III.) 
 
 " Robert de Aula held with his tenants 7 yards land of 
 the Bishop of Elye, by the fourth part of a knight's-fee, 
 &c. ; and that he had 7 crofts and that every tenant of the 
 said crofts was to do 2 days' work in every week in the 
 year, unless some feast did intervene, and each of them 
 was to give 2 capons at Xmas, and to have their dinner, &c. 
 Item — dicunt quod idem Robertus et antecessores sui 
 tenent eu viso Franc Pleg." 
 
 The Abbess of Chatteris held 4 yard land with her 
 tenants in capite of the Bishop of Ely. (9 Hen. V.) 
 
 "Thomas Hutton, son of John Hutton, cosen and heire 
 of Thomas Hutton, clerke, that is to saye, son of John, 
 brother of the said Thomas clerke, held the manner of 
 Over, 60 acres of land, lij roodes of meadowe, called 
 Richards ats Pychard in Over, of Benet Coll. in 
 Cambridge," &c. 
 
 Matthew Wren, Bishop of Ely and Dean of the Chapel 
 Royal, in consequence of a petition from the inhabitants 
 of Over to him, ordered Trinity College to pay to the 
 poorest people in the village, who frequented the services 
 of the Church of England, an annual sum of 13J. A.d. the 
 Sunday before All Saints' Day, being a pension assigned 
 them out of an estate given them by Henry VIII. 
 
 The following is taken from an old document in the 
 library of Corp. Christ. College, Cambridge: — 
 
90 
 
 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 xw\\\d. 
 
 \\d. 
 
 xii souch. 
 
 iii souch. 
 
 vis. 
 
 xd. et mid. et iiii chapons. 
 
 ins. 
 
 xd. et ii chapons. 
 
 xxiiiuy. 
 
 XS. 
 
 ins. iid. 
 
 JLa Eente toe (Spies toe Cpjmeestonen 2Dbere» 
 
 De Agnet de Westwyk 
 
 De John Strokelady 
 
 De Matild Hytche 
 
 De William Hykeir 
 
 De Pree de Hemstrych 
 
 De William Swyfte 
 
 De William Swfte le jeune 
 
 De Henr Koe 
 
 De S. John Robt et S r Wantr le Prestre 
 
 De Richard le Chapman p ma Mesons 
 
 De John Reynold 
 
 ii chapons et un home pur faucher ii jours et un 
 home ii jours en August et un home p batr a la 
 seynt Michel un jour. 
 De William Betoun xs. et un chapon. 
 
 et un home un jour pur faucher et ii overains en 
 August. 
 De Good Hobbe xviiid. et iiix. iid. 
 
 chaperons et ii overains en August et un jour p 
 faucher. 
 De John Catelyne x'ud. et ob et ii 
 
 chaperons et un jour p faucher et ii overains en 
 August. 
 De Robt John viii et ii chaperons. 
 
 De Roger Prykke xxvd. 
 
 De John Puttock x'ud. et ob. 
 
 De S r Rauf de Prestre vd. 
 
 De John le Baillif et de Alic Hykeys un ti de Comyn. 
 De Nichole Patryke un ti dc Pip. 
 
 De Margerye Sckylful un ti de Comyn. 
 
 De Roger Pryckc id. 
 
Over. 91 
 
 De Robt Lucas 1 ob. 
 
 De Willm Maynes et John Mayner et John Souson \\d. 
 
 De Margerye Hobbe et Joh Lucas ob. 
 
 De John Gotobedde ob. 
 
 De Geffrai ffychet ob. 
 
 De Thomas Payne ob. 
 
 Tous les Homages devoint Wart penys et le servige de 
 chescun meson un home un jour de fair mes tas de foyn. 
 
 " 1564. In computo 7 Eliz. Decimal Dioec computantur 
 ad £168 13s. o\d. sed allocatur ppta exiguitatem v. de 
 Overe ad £ 1 or. $d." 
 
 " 1385. Advocatio eccllae de Over est appendem manerio 
 ejusdem." 
 
 Dr. Smith, master of Benet College, Cambridge, bought 
 a small manor here. 
 
 Mrs. Kirkby, about 1727, gave ,£3000, laid out in pur- 
 chase of lands for endowing a charity-school in Over, and 
 for the relief of poor widows. 
 
 Mrs. Alice Walpole in 1709 also left £2 \os. per ami. for 
 teaching poor children. 
 
 €f)e Cfmrcb. 
 
 The church, dedicated to S. Mary, probably presents the 
 best examples of Decorated Gothic in Cambridgeshire. 
 It has been successfully restored in a true conservative 
 spirit, and in its present condition will repay much atten- 
 tion. It has the usual features of chancel, nave, north and 
 south aisles, and west tower and steeple. The chancel is 
 the latest part of the fabric, being Perpendicular. 
 
 The east window is a fine large five-light specimen, with 
 good tracery inserted in the older Decorated arch and jambs, 
 the former having a hood- mould with carved terminations. 
 
92 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 There is a fine modern string running under the sill 
 formed of a series of angels holding scrolls. 
 
 The wall on the north side is panelled out into three 
 arched recesses or compartments, separated by curious 
 shafts with band-mouldings half way. In two of these 
 arches a good three-light Early Perpendicular window has 
 been inserted. The south side is similarly arched, but has 
 three windows instead of two. Here, also, is an Early 
 English piscina, trefoiled, with a square head, built into 
 a projecting portion of the wall, and surmounted with an 
 embattled crown, or cresting. North and south there are 
 small priest's doors, leading out of the chancel. 
 
 The roof is of curious and excellent design ; high-pitched 
 Decorated with fine bold collars — it seems, to have been 
 painted over. The chancel arch is Early English ; the 
 shafts having been cut away in Perpendicular times to make 
 way for the screen. This latter still remains tolerably 
 intact. It is good Perpendicular of seven open lights, the 
 groined loft above forming a part of the design generally 
 found wanting in old churches, the rood and its appendages 
 having suffered at the hands of iconoclasts. It has, however, 
 been injured by painting and graining. Altogether, the 
 chancel shews a curious mixture of 13th- 14th- and 15th- 
 century styles, all of which are well exemplified. It is a 
 curious fact how prevalent in Perpendicular times was the 
 custom of inserting the new style of tracery in older window- 
 jambs, the Decorated or Early English work often being 
 purposely removed. On the whole this is much to be 
 regretted ; for taking the Perpendicular as a style, in spite of 
 its glories in the way of wood-work, illumination, and 
 church fittings in general, it can hardly be said to equal 
 the style of the previous century, certainly not that of the 
 Early English period. Many of our English cathedrals 
 
Over. 93 
 
 possessing fine specimens of Norman work, have the round- 
 headed windows filled in with Perpendicular tracery, causing 
 a very disproportionate effect. The chapel of Jesus College, 
 Cambridge, a beautiful specimen of 13th-century work, has 
 been much altered in Perpendicular times by Bishop 
 Alcock, the founder, who pulled down the aisles and 
 chantries, and inserted some miserably poor windows of 
 the prevalent style. But, to return to the subject of Over 
 church, the nave has six very fine bays on each side. The 
 piers are very remarkable. Their section would be formed 
 by the combination of four octagonal engaged shafts, each 
 separated by a member of the arch moulding above, which 
 descends to the base of the pier. 
 
 Each of the four engaged shafts has a beautiful octagonal 
 cap, the principal hollow of which is filled in with an 
 ornament of grotesque heads, in a fashion which was very 
 prevalent in string-mouldings of the succeeding period. 
 The abaci are enriched with the battlemented moulding. 
 The arches are richly moulded, having hoods and good 
 label heads. There is a clerestory of two-light windows, 
 Decorated, six to a side, of good character, having moulded 
 jambs. The nave roof is similar to the chancel one, and 
 is fine high-pitched Decorated of seven compartments, and 
 in excellent preservation. The corbels supporting it are 
 worthy of remark, each having a canopied niche containing 
 a figure. The parapets are embattled, the bases or corbels 
 being formed of grotesque figures carved by an artistic 
 hand. From the summits of these canopies spring the 
 collars of the roof. 
 
 The north aisle is decorated by an arcade of semi-circular 
 headed arches, on single Early English shafts, with circular 
 moulded caps and bands — these are very good. In the 
 arcades are three Decorated windows of three lights, all of 
 
94 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 different design, and beautiful specimens of the period, 
 rather early. The south aisle is similar, the two western- 
 most windows being unusually fine, with deeply-moulded 
 reticulated tracery. A good piscina is inserted in the wall 
 in the usual position. Flat Perpendicular roofs have been 
 put to both aisles. 
 
 The tower-arch is Decorated, having no jamb-shafts. 
 The west window is Late Perpendicular of three lights, and 
 there is a small west door of the same date. 
 
 There is a font at the west end, which is a good and 
 enriched example of Perpendicular — octagonal in shape, 
 with shields sunk in the side panels. The corbelling of 
 the basin is formed of figures of angels with open wings, 
 the base being further ornamented with panelling.* 
 
 So much for the interior, which it will be seen is very 
 unique in many respects, such as the nave piers and the 
 aisle arcades. The best examples of Decorated, however, 
 are to be seen outside, especially in the very beautiful south 
 porch. This is a highly enriched composition ; as good, 
 perhaps, as can be seen anywhere in a country church. 
 The outer door has deep mouldings, and jamb-shafts. The 
 two side buttresses are ingeniously cut into a group of 
 engaged shafts, of elliptical form, the whole ending at the 
 top in an embattled cresting, from which rises an octagonal 
 pinnacle, with little shafts at the angles. The gable over 
 the outer door is also embattled, and further ornamented 
 by a string profuse with ball-flower ; a pattern continued 
 round the sides. There are side lights formed of two-light 
 windows, with central shafts and good tracery. The arches 
 over these windows, as seen from inside, are excellent. 
 
 The parapets of the nave and aisles are also battle- 
 mcnted in the bold style of the 14th-century period, the 
 
 * Engraved in Simpson's ' Fonts.' 
 
Over. 
 
 95 
 
 latter, like the porch, being enriched by a string of ball- 
 flower and leaves. The buttresses are chamfered, and have 
 gable tops. The south aisle has some exceedingly fine and 
 bold gurgoyles, the designs being grotesque figures, a 
 monkey with a club, birds, imps, &c. One is a lion 
 walking on the sharp gable of a buttress, a very powerful 
 piece of carving. The tower is Early Decorated ; it is in 
 three stages, and has fine buttresses. The top stage is lighted 
 by a window of two arcades, and the second by a similar 
 smaller one. The whole is surmounted by a lofty octagonal 
 spire with dormers. There is no parapet to the tower, at 
 the junction with the spire, but there are four curious little 
 buttresses at the angles, going to the alternate faces of the 
 octagon, unlike most flying buttresses, attached to the 
 masonry by their whole length. 
 
 A very good Perpendicular west door calls the attention 
 of the architect : it has a series of canopies in the jambs, 
 now destitute of figures ; and the original oak door and 
 hinges. Above it is a very interesting carving representing 
 the Assumption, showing the Virgin surrounded by angels, 
 a subject not often to be met with as an external decoration. 
 
 The ball-flower ornament, so much used in the 14th- 
 century Gothic, is well exemplified in this church, the top 
 of the tower having also a string of it. 
 
 The church is only of a moderate size, but is quite 
 sufficient for the requirements of the inhabitants. It con- 
 tains, at the present time, no monumental remains of any 
 age. Over is one of the few churches in the county 
 having a spire ; this rises to a height of some 1 56 feet. 
 
 In one window of the church were formerly the arms — gu. 
 a lion's-head or, jessant a fleur-de-lys arg. ; seemingly for 
 the see of Hereford. Each side of the carving of the 
 Assumption, at the west end, were the arms : — 
 
g6 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 i. On a bend three rams'-heads caboshed, for the abbey 
 of Ramsey, patrons, and builders probably, of the church. 
 
 2. Three tiaras, for the Drapers' Company. 
 
 There were several tablets and slabs to the memory of 
 persons connected with the village, amongst them one to 
 Sackville Wade, Esq., lord of the manor (obiit 1676) with 
 the arms — a saltaire between four escallops, impaling a 
 fess erm. between three mullets. Crest — a boar pass. 
 Also one to Joseph Peek, 1692, and to his son Roger, 1688. 
 
 On a miserere of the stalls were the arms : — 
 
 1. Three rams'-heads caboshed. 
 
 2. A chevron between three lambs'-heads erased. 
 
 3. An escallop between three cross-crosslets botone 
 fitche. 
 
 Also in some other part of the church, the arms of Pope — 
 or, two chevrons gu., on a canton gu. a mullet arg. 
 
 " 1 290-1. Ecclia de Overe taxatur ad ^35 6s. 8d. 
 
 " I2QI. Ecclia de Overe taxatur ad i? m. Decimatur 
 33 s. 4d." 
 
 "Valet in regiis libris .£51 13^. n^d. Solvit Decimas 
 £5 3 s - \\d. Procur' 8s. 4^." 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 13 1 5. Dns Willus de Rysehale rector, de Oure. 
 1337. John de Laithrop, Lie abs 3 Id. Sep. 
 135 1. Andrew de Offord. Bona dissiasata &c. Sep. 7. 
 1376. Magr Rogerus de Stanford, rector de Overe. 
 
 Robert de Muskham. 
 
 1385. Henry Maupas. 
 
 1386. John de Burton, Aug. 7. 
 
 1390. John Rome, Jun. 27, p prior et Conven de 
 Ramsey. 
 
 Will. Dalling (Reg Alcock). 
 
Over. 97 
 
 1467. Thomas Kinklyn, Oct. 10, ob Tho Maunchel. 
 
 1472. John Colynson, Mar. 26, ob Tho' Kinklyn. 
 
 (He was prebend of Lincoln and Archdeacon 
 of Northampton. By his will, dated Feb. 17, 
 148 1, he directs that he shall be buried in the 
 chancel.) 
 
 Dr. Thomburg. 
 
 1 5 18. Henry Wilcoks, LL.D., Mar. 27. 
 
 Henry Hornby. 
 
 John Hoochin, S.T.B. Jun. 4. 
 
 1 521. Richard Robertys, Mar. 28, ob. Joh Hoochin. 
 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 
 William Maun. 
 
 1563. Richard Bassham. 
 Hill. 
 
 Robert Trewe. 
 
 1606. John Lively, ob. Feb. 1624. 
 
 1625. Walter Baker, ob. Aug. 1630. 
 
 1630. John Alcock. (He, with Dudley Pope, Esq., and 
 all the parishioners, signed the solemn league and 
 covenant). 
 
 1664. William Wilson, ob. Sep. 1684. " Ejected at the 
 Restoration, who, after his ejectment, lived in Cam- 
 bridge and got a comfortable subsistence by 
 instructing the scholars there and young gentle- 
 men in the country round."* 
 
 1684. Thomas King, M.A., ob. Jun. 17 14. 
 
 1 7 14. William Downes, B.A., ob. Dec. 1737. 
 
 1748. John Wilson, M.A. 
 
 Henry Davies, S.T.B. 
 
 Edward Topham. 
 
 175 1. — Heyrick. 
 
 * Calamy's 'Life of Baxter,' vol. 2, p. 118. 
 
98 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Moore Meredith. 
 Backhouse. 
 
 1762. Marwood Place. 
 
 1765. Laurence Brockett, B.D. 
 
 1768. William Maskelyne, Fellow of Trin. Coll. (ob. 
 
 1772). 
 1772. John Higgs, Fellow of Trin. Coll. (ob. 1816). 
 1777. Thomas Spencer, Fellow of Trin. Coll. (ob. 1823). 
 1823. Thomas Musgrave, Fellow of Trin. Coll., and 
 
 afterwards Archbishop of York, ob. i860). 
 1825. Samuel Hawkes, Fellow of Trin. Coll. (ob. 1829). 
 
 1829. Connop Thirlwall, Fellow of Trin. Coll., after- 
 wards Bishop of S. Davids. 
 
 1830. Frederick Field, Fellow of Trin. Coll. (resigned 
 
 1834). 
 1834. Samuel Sheppard Hurst, M.A., Trin. Coll. 
 
 Vicars. 
 1840. Charles Warren, M.A., Trin. Coll. (resigned 1873). 
 1873. William Dixon, M.A., Trin. Coll. 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 
 o>Xc 
 
 ^luabtst^. 
 
 I WAVESEY is a large and widely-spread village 
 situated about four miles cast of S. Ives and ten 
 N.W. of Cambridge, in the hundred of Papworth 
 and deanery of Bourn. It closely adjoins the 
 villages of Willingham and Over. 
 
 C6e manors. 
 
 The principal manor of Swavesey belonged in early 
 times to Editha, the wife of Edward the Confessor, and after 
 the Conquest, was given by William to his son-in-law, Alan 
 de la Zouch, Earl of Brittany. This Alan subsequently 
 gave the church of Swavesey to the Abbot of SS. Sergius 
 and Bacchus in Normandy, and in consequence a priory of 
 monks was established in the town as a part of the abbey 
 already existing there. The priory was in connection with 
 the Norman abbey till about 1393, when the abbot made it 
 over to the Carthusian monks of S. Anne, near Coventry. 
 The noble family of Zouch were lords of the manor for 
 many generations, when it passed through the female line 
 
 G 2 
 
ioo Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 into other families, whose histories will be noticed further 
 on. The foundation of the priory is mentioned in an old 
 deed, thus : — 
 
 " Rex &c. Saltm sciatis nos concessisse et hac carta 
 nra confirmasse p nobis et hederibs nrii, dilecto ac fideli 
 nro Rogero le Zouch et hederibs suis donacionem et con- 
 cessionem quam Alarms Vic. de Rohan eidem Rogero fecit 
 de toto maneriu suo in Swavesheye et de toto terra sua 
 in Fulburne, cum omnibs Pertineniis suis, in Exambium 
 totius terre quam idem Rogerus tenuit in Britan. Ouare 
 volumus," &c. 
 
 Alan held this manor, together with that of Fen Drayton, 
 of the fee of Richmond in socage at 26s. 8d. per annum. 
 The seete and mending, correction of bushels, weights, 
 yards and measures of this town, belonged to the lord of 
 the manor. There was a fair held for eight days every 
 Michaelmas, a three-weeks' court, and a market every 
 Tuesday in the time of Henry III. There was also a clerk 
 of the market and other royalties and privileges.. 
 
 Alan held the church " in puram Eleemosynam," and he 
 also had the advowson of the priory and a chantry there. 
 When the priory was dissolved it came to the bishop, who 
 held the parsonage and gift of the vicarage, amongst other 
 things. The manor anciently extended into Boxworth, 
 Fen Drayton, Dry Drayton, and Cambridge. Newnam 
 Mills, in Cambridge, worth £y per annum, also belonged 
 to it. 
 
 " Swaveseye in Hundr de Pappeworth. Feod Wydon de 
 Overe debet 1 sect et de aux vie 2s. Alanus le Zouchc tenet 
 manerium de honore Richm ibni Mict abbi Ncmull ten 
 Hid terr geld et dt sect et pontag de Honore Richm p 
 socag et tota villa debet de aux vie 2 marc." — Domesday. 
 
Swavesey. 
 
 101 
 
 IPeHicrec of tfje Vouchee. 
 
 Alan, Viscount Rohan = Constance, dau. and heiress of 
 
 of Little Brittany in 
 France. 
 
 Conan le Grossc, Duke of Brittany, 
 and of Maud, dau. of Henry I. 
 Conan obiit 1148. 
 
 Geoffry, temp. Henry II. 
 
 Alan, called de la Zouch. 
 
 I 
 Roger de la Zouch (1 Hen. III.) 
 
 Alan, from whom are 
 descended the Viscounts 
 Rohan in France. 
 
 William de la Zouch 
 
 I 
 Joyce, dau. = Robert de 
 and heiress. I Mortimer. 
 
 Alan de la Zouch = 
 of Ashby, slai n 1270 | 
 
 William, calls 
 himself Zouch, 
 
 to whom Alan de 
 Zouch gave the 
 
 Manor of Ashby. 
 
 Alice dau. 
 of Sir Ralph 
 Torrey. 
 
 Roger de la 
 Zouch, obiit 
 13 Edw. I. = 
 
 Helen, dau. and 
 coh. of Roger 
 Quincy, Earl of 
 Wine. ob. 24 Edw. 1. 
 
 Adela, dau. and 
 h. of Stephen de 
 Longspe. 
 
 Alan, Ld. Zouch 
 of Ashby, obiit 
 7 Edw. III. = 
 I 
 
 Alan la Zouch = 
 I 
 
 Joyce, who 
 married 
 John de 
 Botetort. 
 
 Maud = Sir Robt. 
 Holland, 
 Kt. 
 
 Helen = Nich. 
 de S. 
 Maure. 
 
 Hugh la Zouch 
 obiit 1 Hen. IV. s. p. 
 
 Arms — gu. ten bezants or. 
 
 By the hundred roll of 9 Edw. I., Helen de la Zouch is 
 found to hold the village in socage, in dower, of Sir Roger 
 de la Zouch, and he held of the King in capite, afterjjthe 
 latter took the liberties of Brittany in hand. She paid the 
 King 2 marks per annum for legalities. She also held 7 
 yard land in arable, and meadow, marishe and common in 
 demesne, view of frank pledge twice a year, and bushell, 
 strike and weights, by the King's seal, and free warren of 
 the purchase of Alan de la Zouch of the gift of King Henry, 
 father of the reigning Sovereign. She held likewise assize 
 of bread and ale, the gallows, tumbrell, &c, and two mills 
 at 40s. per annum. Helen granted 2 yard land to the priory 
 
102 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 of Swavesey in demesne, and a court-leet for their own 
 tenants, for which they paid her 8^. per annum, and did suit 
 to her manor court. The prior had some special fishing in 
 the river Ouse. 
 
 Helen, daughter of Roger de la Zouch, was married to 
 Richard S. Maure, and she had two sisters, Maud, married 
 to Robert de Hoyland, and Elizabeth, a nun. The manor 
 was then conveyed to William de la Zouch, of Richmond 
 Castle, in 7 Edward II. Alan, the son of this last, died 22 
 Edward III. Hugh de la Zouch, his son, died 42 Edward 
 III., and left the estate to Robert, his uncle, though Joyce, 
 wife of Sir Hugh Burnell, was his cousin and next of kin. 
 It then descended to Edward Burnell, son of Sir Hugh, 
 who left three daughters and co-heiresses ; Joyce, married 
 to Thomas Erdington ; Margaret, married to Edmund 
 Hungerford ; and Catherine. 
 
 At the beginning of the reign of Henry VI. the village 
 was owned by Earl Ormond, and by a deed of entail bear- 
 ing date 16 of the reign, the estate is entailed to Thomas 
 Ormond and his heirs, and in default of such issue, to James, 
 Earl of Wiltshire, and his heirs. 
 
 James, Earl of Wiltshire, John Ormond and Thomas 
 Ormond, his brothers, being all attainted anno 1 Edward 
 IV., and the two elder brothers dying without issue, Thomas 
 Butler was restored in blood to all his lands &c, and to the 
 title of Earl Ormond only, and this manor of Swavesey 
 was thus restored to him. 
 
 He had issue two daughters and heiresses, Margaret, 
 married to Sir William Bullen of Blicklin, Norfolk ; and 
 Anne, wife of James S. Leger, of Ultone. 
 
 Sir William Bullen, Kt, had issue by Margaret Ormond, 
 Thomas Bullen, K.G. (first created Viscount Rochford, 
 after Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond by Henry VIII., who, 
 
Swavesey. i o3 
 
 by Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Howard, second duke of 
 Norfolk, left issue Anne Bullen, wife of the King), and 
 Margaret Bullen, married to William Carey, to whom the 
 manor descended. 
 
 Henry, Lord Hunsdon, was a son by this latter marriage, 
 and the manor coming into his possession, he sold it to Sir 
 John Cutts, Kt. His grandson, Sir John, built the manor- 
 house there in the last century. 
 
 There were one or two other small manors in Swavesey, 
 that of Hobbledods or Bennetts, so-called from its original 
 owner, which came into the possession of the families of 
 Burgoyn, HeninghanVand Thursby, holden of the principal 
 manor of Swavesey by the service of 2s. 8c/. per annum. 
 Hobbledods manor was sold by Robert Higham of Ashden, 
 Essex, to Sir John Cutts, in the reign of Elizabeth. 
 
 Lyonell Copley held in the town I messuage, 3 cottages, 
 49 acres, and 20 acres of meadow, of the Earl of Ormond, 
 in 6 Hen. VII. 
 
 The manor was in the family of Cutts for several 
 generations, and then passed to the families of Pickering 
 and Acton. In 17 18 it was sold by the latter to Thomas 
 Sclater Bacon, Esq., who subsequently bequeathed it to 
 John Standley, Esq. In 1773 it was bought by the family 
 of Markland, again changing hands soon after, when it was 
 sold to Thomas Cockayne, Esq., of Ickleford. 
 
 The following extracts from deeds, &c, relating to the 
 manors and town of Swavesey, are interesting. 
 
 " A 1200. — Causa terminata est coram abbati de Saltreia, 
 R. priore de sco Jvone, et priore de cruce Roes, comissariis 
 ad id per dominum papam constitutis, inter B. priorem de 
 Suavessede, et Ivonem de Cantebrigg et Simonem filium 
 ejus. Priori de Suavessede, cum consensu fratrum suoru 
 concessit deis cjvoni et Simonis duas Xmas de Wympol sc, 
 
104 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 et de Toft pcipiendas, A 1200, hoc anno secundo post 
 coronationem Johls regis Angliae et Yvo et Simon quiet 
 clam den priore et dominum Suavessed et dabunt deo B. 
 priori $s." 
 
 " Henricus filius regis Johls A xvi Aug. xv. Convenit 
 int Rogum la Zuch (in sigillo) et Johannem priorem de 
 Swavesheye, coram justiciariis regis apud Westm, sc Dn5 
 Steph5 de Sedgrave, Dno Robto de Lexington, Dn5 Will5 
 de Eboraco &c. de quodam messuagio et dimidia virgata 
 terrae cu ptin in Swavesheye, et de IIP IIP ibm, de mesuag, 
 et III solidis reditur, et de Tolueto Ponti de Swavesheye, 
 et de prato Gosholme, Prior recognovit prsemissa esse jus 
 pdici Rogi, et Rogus concessit mediatatem, &c. Priori 
 tenen p redditu," &c. 
 
 Escheats: — 1281 (9 Edw. I.) "Jurator' dicunt quod 
 Eliena La Zouche ten villa de Swavesheye in soccag Zone 
 Dobis de Dn5 Roger la Zouche, et idm Roger ten in cap de 
 dno rege postquam dns rex cepit Libtem Brittan in 
 manus sues, et antea ten de Com Brittan et Eliena dat dno 
 rege m p ann p habend Legall &c. et idem Eliena ten vii 
 virgat ten in tr arrabil prat mariscis et coiis in dnico suo. 
 Et dca Eliena ten viss franc pleg bis per ann et Bushell et 
 Lagena Ulnam et Pondr sub sigillo dnl R. et habet lib 
 warren de pquiss Dnl AlanI la Zouche et ffeoff fuit de dn5 
 Henr Rege nunc Edri. Item jurator' dicunt qd lib ten de 
 eadem vill et liii or acr et pposs rent bis in anno ad — Com 
 Brittan et ill i lib jurabunt et iiii or homia et ipsi libi humu 
 pefeict Ball Com. 
 
 " Item Prior de Swavesheye ten eccliam ejusdem in puram 
 eleemoss de feod Alani la Zouche de Conquest Willmi 
 Bastard et ten ii virgat tr in eadem indnico d dca Eliena la 
 Zouche et redd eidem Ellenae viii s p ann p hend Cur suam 
 et viss franc plcg et Bushell, &c. Sub sigillo deal' Ellenae set 
 
Swavesey, 105 
 
 fautum qd tenen sui venient bis p ann ad cu dne in 
 mess et ten quandm sepal Piscar sepal in una Ripa vocat 
 use," &c. 
 
 Edward III. " Robtus la Zouch avunculus et heres Hugon 
 la Zouch Chr ten m de Swavesheye de Com Richmond p 
 svic un paris calcar dcaurat pc vi a ibm es viii xx acr tr arral 
 xxviii acr prati xxv acr pastur un molend vent in molend 
 aquaticum dives piscar dimitt ad firmam p xLr. p ann ii c 
 opa autumnal redd ass xliii 11 vii l1 advoc ecclie Prior de 
 Swavesheye advoc Cantuar ad dom manii ptn pfic cur p 
 ann liii 11 ." 
 
 fDnsRog la Zouch ten Swaveshe, Hcndray- 
 j ton et drydrayton in soccag val p ann xl li 
 J solvend inde ad regalit duas mc." — 
 
 Drydrayt0n ((Edward V.) 
 
 The principal land-owners in Swavesey now are, J.Osborn- 
 Daintree, Esq., and the Hon. Dudley Ryder. Trinity and 
 Clare Colleges have also estates here. 
 
 Cbe Cfwrcb. 
 
 The church, dedicated to S. Andrew, is a fine large 
 specimen of Early English, altered considerably in Perpen- 
 dicular times by insertions in the style of that period. It 
 is one of the largest churches in the county, and, in common 
 with many others, has been well restored (principally at the 
 expense of the Hon. Mrs. Ryder), and refitted throughout, 
 where required. Adopting the plan pursued in describing 
 other churches in this volume, the interior will be taken 
 first. 
 
 The chancel has a Perpendicular east window of five 
 large lights — an insertion. On the north side are two 
 windows of similar character, of three lights, one being 
 
 G-3 
 
106 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 about half the length of its fellow, by reason of a vestry 
 which is built against the wall under it, on the exterior. 
 There are also two plain doors, one into the vestry, and the 
 other a priest's entrance. The chancel is supplemented, 
 north and south, by a chantry, and there is an arch here by 
 which the northern one is entered from the sanctuary. On 
 the south side there are very beautiful Decorated sedilia 
 and a piscina, formed of four finely-moulded arcades, with 
 quatrefoiled arches and clustered shafts, the arcade termi- 
 nating upwards in carved finials. These sedilia are great 
 adjuncts to the chancel. The entrance into the south 
 chantry is by two fine Early English arches, the middle 
 pier being circular with a very excellent and large moulded 
 cap. The responds are octagonal, and similarly treated. 
 The entrances to both these chantries are now closed by 
 beautiful modern open screens of oak work, Perpendicular, 
 with embattled crest mouldings. Modern stall-work with 
 carved poppies and panels, &c, has also been added, all 
 very good. The altar-piece is also modern, and aptly 
 represents the crucifixion. The roof is the old Per- 
 pendicular one with tie-beams, and, curiously enough, 
 has been altered to a certain degree in the 17th century, 
 by the addition of some Renaissance pendants and 
 bosses. 
 
 The north chantry is really a continuation of its aisle, 
 from which it is shut off by a good modern screen. It has 
 a plain Perpendicular east window of three lights, and over 
 the place where the altar stood, are two very late canopied 
 niches. There is a large window in the north wall, of four 
 lights. This chantry is now used for the reception of a 
 small organ. 
 
 The south chapel is very large, and is finer than the 
 chancel proper ; it is chiefly Early English, and has not been 
 
Swavesey. 107 
 
 much altered. Its east window is a fine group of five 
 lancets, curtained within a larger outer arch, which has 
 jamb-shafts. An inscription underneath states that it was 
 restored by Thomas Cockayde in 1852. There are two 
 windows in the south wall, a three-light Perpendicular, and 
 a two-light Decorated example with a semi-circular head. 
 Like the chancel, there are sedilia, only very late Perpen- 
 dicular of four compartments, with four centered arches and 
 many cusps. Although veiy debased in style, it is never- 
 theless of some interest, and must have been inserted not 
 long before the outbreak of the Reformation. The springing 
 of an Early English arch or tomb is seen in the thickness of 
 the wall. A semi-classical tomb, dated 1631, commemo- 
 rates Anne Kempe, Lady Cutt and many members of the 
 same family ; its design is intended to be a triptych, the 
 doors being covered over with a series of tablets bearing 
 inscriptions. It is needless to state that it possesses no archi- 
 tectural merit. A low stone screen divides the chantry 
 from the south aisle. 
 
 The nave consists of six lofty Perpendicular arches on 
 either side, the piers being very slender, with two small 
 shafts and a separating moulding to a pier. Dividing each 
 spandrel into two equal parts, a small shaft runs up to the 
 roof, the caps forming the corbels of the latter, the clerestory 
 string-mould being cut at right angles. This last consists 
 of six two-light Perpendicular windows. The roof is the 
 original old one, and is good high-pitched Perpendicular, 
 with ties. 
 
 The north aisle is also Perpendicular, and is lighted by 
 five large windows, with transoms near the head. The 
 roof is good and fiat, inclined at a considerable angle. 
 There is an entrance into the church by a door at the 
 western end. 
 
108 Cambridgeshire C/ucrches. 
 
 The other aisle has some remarkable windows, originally 
 Early English lancets, single and of an unusually large size ; 
 each has been filled with 15th-century tracery of two-lights, 
 which has altered the design in a very peculiar manner. 
 These lancets must originally have been very unique. 
 
 The old Early English string runs under the windows, and 
 is carried at the eastern end, by the chantry screen, over 
 a peculiar little Perpendicular window, the use of which is 
 difficult to conceive, unless it was intended for a "leper 
 window." This is possible, for it is low down in the wall. 
 There is an Early English piscina close to it. The chancel 
 arch is fine 13th-century, with a hood-mould, and octa- 
 gonal piers in the jambs, no bases. A fine modern screen 
 has been put up, with the proper rood-loft above, supported 
 on a half groin. 
 
 A good deal of Early English work is conspicuous at 
 the west end of the church, the tower-arches being of that 
 period. There are three arches, as the aisles are continued 
 up to the level of the west face of the tower, so that two of 
 its arcades open north and south into them. The work is 
 very massive, as would be requisite to bear the weight 
 of the superstructure, the piers being octagonal with 
 deeply-moulded caps. The mouldings of the abaci are 
 continued round the inside, to form an ornamental string. 
 The ropes of six bells come through here. There are three 
 windows at the western end, a Perpendicular one of three 
 lights under the tower, a double lancet in the north aisle, 
 and a large Perpendicular insertion in the south aisle. 
 
 There is a very excellent Perpendicular font with an 
 octagonal basin, supported on a heavy shaft by ribs 
 springing from the latter. The faces of the basin are 
 decorated with shields let into panels. 
 
 The above account gives the chief features of the interior, 
 
Swavesey. 109 
 
 and will convey a tolerable idea of the interesting points 
 in the church, to those acquainted with ecclesiastical archi- 
 tecture. Lying near the font, are four Early English 
 coffin slabs of stone, with good carved crosses. 
 
 This church, though of very considerable architectural 
 merit, possesses no monumental remains of ancient date, 
 which give so much interest to some other and smaller 
 edifices. 
 
 The exterior will also be well worth noticing. There is 
 a fine Early English south porch, of a size proportionate to 
 the church. The hood of the outer door terminates in the 
 beautiful little mask ornaments peculiar to this century. 
 The inner door is very richly moulded, and seems rather 
 later, an early form of Decorated ; there are a multitude of 
 small bases to the principal members of the jamb moulding. 
 The outer hood seems of the same date as the rest of the 
 porch ; so this door is probably an insertion. 
 
 As was shown by the interior, the tower was originally 
 Early English, but all the details are now Perpendicular ; 
 and the top portion was probably rebuilt. The buttresses 
 are massive and bold, and there are double two-light win- 
 dows near the top. The parapet is embattled in the usual 
 way. Some well-carved gurgoyles have a good effect. 
 
 The aisle parapets are simple moulded ones, earlier than 
 the tower. The peculiar character of the south windows 
 can be well seen from the outside, the original Early 
 English arches being retained with the mask dripstone 
 terminations. At the east end of the chancel, the Early 
 English work is also represented, the buttresses and walls 
 being of that period. 
 
 On first seeing the church, the size and proportion of the 
 tower are very striking, which, though later than the best 
 portions of the fabric, forms a worthy feature in the com- 
 position of the whole, 
 
 G 4 
 
no Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 There are not many reliques in the shape of inscriptions, 
 coats of arms, &c, left in the church ; but there was the 
 following coat on a miserere of a stall, in the last century : — 
 Zouch impaling Despencer ; quarterly, in 2 and 3 quarters 
 a frett, over all a bend. In the windows were the follow- 
 ing coats : — 
 
 1. Arg. a lion ramp, sab., crowned or. — Burnell. 
 
 2. Or, a saltaire sab. — Botitourt. 
 
 3. Gu. ten bezants or. — Zouch. 
 
 Also the arms of Hastings and Spencer. In a window in 
 the south chantry was the following inscription — 
 
 SDvate pro anima aaUiHmi dEtierarti qui 
 opus ligneum et lapiUeum et opcri 
 mentis partis borealis istius ecclesie 
 ♦ ♦ ♦ fjoc patoimentu fieri fecit et 
 toitreum istius fertestre fieri fecit. 
 
 In another window was the following : — 
 
 SDrate pro animafcus 3foim $o& et aiicie 
 uroris ejus qui istam fenestram fieri 
 fecerunt* 
 
 Their figures and arms, &c, were painted in the window, 
 shewing him and his wife in a kneeling posture. 
 
 In the nave was formerly the following inscription in 
 brass : — 
 
 HERE LIES WILLIAM FAIREFAX OF SWAVESEY 
 AND AGNES HIS WIFE, W CH WILLIAM DEPARTED 
 TO GOD THE VII DAYE OF APRILL THE YEARE OF 
 OUR LORD MV AND ONE. 
 
 IN THE WORSHIP OF THE TRINlTIE 
 SAY FOR US A PATER NOSTER AND AVE. 
 
 This Fairefax was a benefactor to the place, and gave 
 some town lands of the value of £10 per annum, towards 
 the payment of rates of the poor whose abilities did not 
 
Swavesey. 1 1 1 
 
 extend to £20. By the will and deed of Thomas Galon, 
 gent, who married Margaret, daughter of the above, he is 
 shown to have given the above lands to the town. 
 
 The inscription on lady Cutt's monument, mentioned 
 before, runs as follows : — 
 
 ANNE KEMPE LADY CUTT 
 ELDEST DAUGHTER AND COHEIRE OF S R 
 THOMAS KEMPE OF OLANTIGH KN T BY S R 
 THOMAS MOYLES DAUGHTER AND COHEIRE SONNE 
 
 OF S R THOMAS KEMPE KN T BY AN HEIRE OF 
 
 BROWNE AND ARUNDELL SONNE OF S WILLIAM 
 
 KEMPE KN T WHO BY EMLINE DAUGHTER AND COHEIRE 
 
 OF S R VALENTINE CHICH AND PHILIP DAUGHTER AND 
 
 HEIRE OF S R ROBERT CHICHELEY MAJOR OF LONDON 
 
 AND BROTHER TO HENRY THE ARCHBISHOP WAS 
 
 SONNE OF S R THOMAS KEMPE KN T NEPHEW TO 
 
 THOMAS KEMPE BISHOP OF LONDON THE NEPHEW 
 
 OF JOHN KEMPE ARCHBISHOP OF YORKE THEN 
 
 OF CANTERBURY, CARDINAL, LORD CHANCELLOR 
 
 LIES BURIED HERE. 
 
 SHE LIVED 48 YEARES AND DYED THE 1 3 
 
 DAY OF MARCH 1631. 
 
 Then follows a long eulogy on her personal merits, a great 
 weakness in monuments of the seventeenth century, con- 
 trasting most unfavourably with the simple and pious inscrip- 
 tions of pre-Reformation times, when great bishops and 
 holy men were content with " Of your charitie pray for the 
 soul of " or "Fili Dei miserere mei." 
 
 Above is a coat with 9 quarterings and the crest : a 
 greyhound's-head erased arg. collared gu. 
 
 1. Arg. on a bend engr. sab. three plates. — Cutts. 
 
 2. Arg. a chevron between three bugle-horns stringed 
 sab. — Wayte. 
 
ii2 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 3. Arg. on a bend cotised sab. three mullets of the field. 
 — Routh. 
 
 4. Or, a cross patonce sab. — Brockett. 
 
 5. Gu. a saltaire arg. a mullet sab. — Nevile. 
 
 6. Arg. a lion ramp. az. — Stead. 
 
 7. Gu. three escutcheons arg. 
 
 8. Two barrulets cotised arg. 
 
 9. Erm. on a chief indented gu. three ducal coronets or. 
 Besides the above shield there are the following coats : — 
 
 1. Cutts, paled between his two wives' arms — e. g. 1. 
 Routh. 2. Three pales wavy gu. for Candishe, his second 
 wife. 
 
 2. Cutts, paling sab. three lions pass, double cotised arg. 
 — Brown. 
 
 3. Cutts, paling arg. on a chevron gu. three lozenges or, 
 between three goats'-heads erased arg. collared or, on a 
 chief sab. a lion pass, guard, erm. — Hinde. 
 
 4. Cutts, paled between 1. az. seme de cross-crosslets 
 and three cinquefoils arg. and a crescent arg. for diff. — 
 Darcey. 2. Brockett. 
 
 5. Cutts, paled between 1. gu. three garbs within a 
 bordure engr. or. — Kempe. 2. az. a fess nebule between 
 three crescents erm. — Welde. 
 
 Also another shield with 22 quarterings, some as above, 
 together with the following : — 
 
 1. Or, on a pile az. a griffin pass, of the field. — Thorpe. 
 
 2. Gu. a fess humetty between three lions pass, guard, or. 
 
 3. Arg. a cross cheque or and az. 
 
 4. Fretty gu. on a canton party per pale erm. and or, a 
 ship sab. 
 
 5. Gu. a lion ramp, or billeted sab. 
 
 6. Gu. an orle surmounted by another of ten cross-cross- 
 lets or. 
 
 7. Or, a chief indented az. 
 
Swavescy. 1 1 3 
 
 8. Or, a fess arg. in chief three pales gu. 
 
 9. Arg. two bars gu., on a canton of the last a lion pass, 
 or. — Lancaster. 
 
 10. Or, a saltaire gu. surmounted with a fess az. 
 
 11. Arg. three boars'-heads erect gu., armed or. 
 
 12. Sab. on a fess arg. three oak-leaves proper between 
 six acorns or. — Oakcs. 
 
 13. Arg. a cross gu. charged with five escallops or. — 
 Villiers. 
 
 There was also a tablet to Thomas Este, gent, obiit 17 
 Dec. 1625, and his wife Frances, dau. of Edward Docura of 
 Hitchin, Esq., with the arms — Sab. a chevron between three 
 horses'-heads erased arg. for Este, impaling sab. a chevron 
 engr. between three plates, each charged with a pallet of the 
 first. 
 
 There was a 17th-century chalice belonging to the church, 
 which seems to have come from Sawston by the inscrip- 
 tion on it, " Honor God Sauce Tonne." 
 
 There is mention made of a bell having an Arabic 
 inscription on it, but as it was recast in the last century, this 
 cannot be established. 
 
 In the chancel a tomb to Mrs. Anne Folkes, 1747, with 
 the arms — A chevron erm. between three fleurs-de-lys, on 
 a chief nine bezants. — Folke of Cheveley. 
 
 " Ecclia de Swaveseye, S. Andrew, valet in regiis libris 
 £j 6s. Sd. Solvit Xmas 14s. 8d. Procur' 8s. 4J. Vicar' 
 ejusd 2s. 6d." 
 
 "1290-1. Ecclia de Swavesheye taxatur ad ^33 6s. 8d. 
 Vicar ejusdem £8 13J. 4d. Bona prioris de Swavesheye in 
 Swavesheye taxantur ad fs. lod. " 
 
 "1389. Ad prioratum de Swaveseye Rex (Rone 
 Tempalico abbatis ScT Seigii in manu sua existentium) 
 nominat, et Hugo la Zouch miles, Dns de Ashby la Zouch 
 psentat." (MS. Wren.) 
 
ii4 Cambridgeshire ChurcJies. 
 
 " 1487. July 5, Dns Edmundus Kempe de Swavesheye 
 non habet stipendium 8 marcam, ideo non solvit subsi- 
 dium archiepo in synodo cleri ei concessum." 
 
 " 1565. Dns confert Swavesheye p capsum semistris 
 temporis et jure devoluto. Ecclia de Swavesheye solvit 
 Epo pensione annua 13^. 4^. in Festo Paschas." (Lib. 
 niger Elien.) 
 
 " Pensio DnI EpI Elien pcipienda de ecclia de Swavesheye 
 appropriatu priori et gtui Cartusianorum juxt convent 
 13^. <\d. solvenda ad fm Pentacostae." (Lib. Pergam.) 
 "Alexander East Firmarius de Swavesheye concedi i ma 
 advocatione ibi." 
 
 The following are copied from deeds relating to the 
 church : — 
 
 " Ricus Olf de Swaveseya, pro ala patris et matris et 
 Ingredae uxoris suae &c. dat pptua elemosina eccliae scl 
 Andrae de Swaveseia et monachis in eadem ecclia deo 
 servientibus, una virgatam terrae in Erlemanelot, et dimi- 
 diam virgatam terrae in Oxendale, quam Ivo frater ejus 
 tenuit libam et quieta ab 01 seclari svicio sibi et hedibs suis, 
 praeter regale servicium qd sedem super praefatam terrain p 
 manu prions adquietabit. 
 
 " Item dat eidem ecclae Humagiu Willi filiu Ambrosii, ne- 
 potis sui. Testibs benedicto Reminibi, priore et multis aliis." 
 
 " Gervasius filius Robtl Torgeanelle dat deo et eccliae 
 Btl Andrae de Swaveseya et monachis ibm deo servientibs 
 illam crotipta quae abuttat crotiptae suae in Swavesyd in 
 pptum possidendam, ita qd heres Willi Andrae illud Tene- 
 mentu de eccliS pfata tenebit secuti de ipso antea tenuit, 
 et servicio eccliae reddit, secuti antea ipsi reddidit. Teste 
 benedicto Rem ibm priore et multis aliis." 
 
 " Conventio inter Johem priorem de Swavesseia, et mag? 
 Simone de Wendeia. Simon quiet clamavit Priori et ecche 
 ScaE Andrae de Swavesseia coram Laurencio priore de 
 
Swavesey. 1 1 5 
 
 Bernewelle, et magro Walt5 de Tirrington, et mgro Walt5 
 Talbot, offic archid Elien, arbitru totu illud messuagiu 
 &c. ad sustentacoem Lampadis ardentis coram altare btie 
 Marias in ead ecclia in pptum, &c. Quod messuagiu Johes 
 pater Dei Simonis lcgavit eccliai pdcas (croftae sc) ad usum 
 dictum tempe benedicti prions, qui dimisit ei p pdeu ser- 
 viciu sub sigill partium et arbitrorum." 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 1 341. Richard de Ely, Oct. 8. 
 
 Bartholomew Dcumars (of Papworth S. 
 
 Agnes). 
 
 1344. Nicholas Kebe, Sep. 5. 
 
 1345. William Wolaston, Oct. 1. 
 
 1346. Ich Inge de Talington, Jan. 5. 
 
 1349. Richard Milde, Aug. 11 (of S. Clement's 
 
 Camb). 
 1374. Nicholas Andrew, May 9. 
 1378. Henry de Langton, June 24. 
 1383. Radulph Newbonde, May 22. 
 1393. John Joynoru, Oct. 28. 
 1396. William Oakham, Sep. 3. 
 1399. John Chockwold, Oct. 5. 
 
 William Dene, Dec. 22. 
 
 1403. Nicholas Holdby, May 24. 
 
 Dr. Sherewode. 
 
 1 46 1. Christopher Laton, May 10. 
 1472. William Carlisle. 
 1498. Simon Clarenson, May 16. 
 1 5 16. Robert Sherwood, Apr. 13. 
 1526. John Gylpyn, Feb. 19. 
 1 539. John Thyrlebyrne. 
 
n6 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Radulph Kettyl. 
 
 1542. Richard Smith. 
 
 1 561. Henry Cornwall, June 10. 
 
 1565. William Cravett, May 11. 
 
 1568. William Clarke, Mar. 20. 
 
 1569. Edmund Curtys, Jan. 21. 
 1572. Thomas Maningham. Mar. 2. 
 
 1603. Sept. 8. Mortuo Thomas Munningham, 
 instituitur John Morden, ad psenta- 
 tionem generosi viri Gabrielis Tedder 
 Firmarii Rectorias. (Bp. Heton's 
 register.) 
 
 1609. Mr. Morden rated to raise one pair of 
 curols with a pike furnished. 
 
 1802. James Costobadie. 
 
 1806. Townley Clarkson. 
 
 1833. John Graham. 
 
 1863. Henry Isaac Sharp. 
 
 Cltislejn 
 
 Eltisley is a pretty village, situated in the extreme west 
 corner of the county, on the confines of Huntingdonshire, 
 about twelve miles from Cambridge, in the hundred of 
 Stow and deanery of Bourn. 
 
 In early times there was a religious house here of holy 
 virgins, amongst whom was the celebrated, though partly 
 mythical, Pendionia or Pandiana, daughter of a Scotch 
 king, who came here when a girl, and lead the devout life 
 which won her canonization ; but long before the Dissolu- 
 tion, this house was translated to Hinchinbrook, Hunts. 
 The church is dedicated to S. Pandiana, in conjunction 
 with S. John. 
 
Eltisley. 
 
 117 
 
 C&e manors. 
 
 The manor of Eltisley was held anciently for three 
 hides of land, whereof the house of sisters there held seven 
 carucates and three in demesne. 
 
 By the hundred roll of the 9th Edward I., there seems 
 a distinction of manors here, for it says Philip, son of 
 Ernix, held in Eltisle one messuage containing four acres 
 and two parts of a knight's-fee, and that he had in croft 
 thirty acres of pasture of the heirs of Sir Roger de 
 Mowbray, who held of the King, and had 1 mile, 8 acres of 
 pasture, and was patron of the church. It also states 
 that "dils Robtus de Monastcrio " held in demesne of 
 Philip, 1 messuage containing 3 acres 6 roods of land, 
 and 7 acres of pasture in Eltisley. Also that the prior of 
 Huntingdon held there by purchase, 1 messuage called 
 Pappley, and 16 acres of land, 12 acres of wood in alms, of 
 the aforesaid fee. 
 
 By the "Nomina Villarum " of 9 Edw. II., Baldwin de 
 Stowe was found sole lord here. 
 
 John de Ward of Trumpington was lord here, 20 Edw. III., 
 and Walter Goldingham, Kt, held a knight's-fee in Eltisley, 
 which John de Ward held there. (3 Hen. VI.) 
 
 Walter Goldingham became owner of both manors here, 
 and had issue by Elizabeth his wife, two daughters and 
 coheiresses, Cecily, married to William Chiltern, and 
 Alianor, wife of John Mannock, Esq., who held the moiety 
 of the manor of John, Duke of Norfolk. 
 
 The manor was in this family for several generations. 
 In 1656 it was sold by Sir Francis Mannock, Bt., to Major 
 General Disbrowe, r whose descendant, John Disbrowe, 
 devised it in 1 741 to the two sons of his nephew, William 
 
1 1 8 Cambridgeshire CJmrches. 
 
 Walford of Booking. Joseph Leeds, Esq., was lord here 
 about a century ago. The principal landowners now are 
 Jesus College and Philip Meyer, Esq. 
 
 The land belonging to the priory of Huntingdon was 
 promoted to a manor in 5 Eliz., and was called the manor 
 of Pappeley, in Eltisley. It came afterwards to John 
 Marshall, Esq., and finally to Emmanuel College. 
 
 In 1676 there were 87 inhabitants, no recusants, and 3 
 dissenters. 
 
 C6e C&urcfK 
 
 SS. Pandiana and John, Eltisley, is a very pretty little 
 country church, chiefly Early English, together with later 
 insertions. It consists of chancel, nave, aisles, a west tower, 
 and a north transept or chapel. 
 
 The chancel seems to have been completely rebuilt at 
 the beginning of this century, for the present one is of 
 brick, without any architectural features at all, except a 
 three-light east window of a Perpendicular design. 
 
 The chancel-arch is very good Early English, each 
 jamb containing a massive shaft with a fine moulded cap. 
 It has a good hood-mould on the side facing the nave, 
 terminating in mask ends. 
 
 The nave has three small arcades to each side, supported 
 on short massive piers of circular section, terminating in 
 round foliated caps. These nave arches are early in the 
 style of the 13th century, and are quite plain without 
 moulding, the inside face being at right angles to the wall. 
 There is a clerestory of three Perpendicular windows 
 above, of two lights each. A very pretty and good 
 modern roof has been put up at the restoration, most 
 of the church having undergone judicious restoration and 
 improvement. 
 
Eltisley. 1 1 9 
 
 On the north side is the little chantry or chapel, now in 
 a very great state of dilapidation, and used as a sort of 
 lumber room. It has a very beautiful east window, a 
 triple lancet under a rich arcade arch with ja-mb-shafts and 
 moulded caps. Both the arch over the lancets and the 
 abaci of the shafts are enriched with the shark-tooth 
 ornament. This window is very pretty, but is blocked up 
 and much disfigured with whitewash and plaster. There is 
 a low Perpendicular roof. 
 
 The aisle windows are Perpendicular insertions of good 
 design and of three lights ; the south aisle has a good 
 Decorated east window with a square head. 
 
 The tower-arch is also a Perpendicular insertion, having 
 good mouldings, but poor jamb-shafts ; there is also a two- 
 light Perpendicular west window. 
 
 The whole effect of the interior is very pleasing, although 
 the nave and aisles have a very fresh appearance, in 
 consequence of the late restoration ; but this of course 
 cannot be helped. The respond at the east end of the 
 north side of the nave seems earlier than the rest, and may 
 be Transitional Norman. The state of the chancel is to be 
 lamented, but probably a new and more fitting one will be 
 erected before long. 
 
 The exterior will merit some description. The triple 
 lancet in the transept shows partly, but a brick buttress 
 has been built up against it, obscuring its greater portion. 
 The whole of the chancel and transept is in a bad state 
 externally. The roofs have plain eaves without parapets. 
 The south door into the nave is very good Early English, 
 or more properly, late Transitional, having an arch enriched 
 with tooth ornament, and jamb-shafts with square abaci 
 and floriated caps. This door seems to have originally 
 been the inner one of a porch, but this latter has now 
 disappeared. 
 
1 20 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 There is an Early English west tower, in three stages 
 with plain two-light windows in the top, and an embattled 
 parapet. It is surmounted by a Decorated octagonal spire 
 of graceful proportions, which is pierced with elegant little 
 dormer lights, the bottom ones being double and having 
 good tracery and crocketed gables. 
 
 There is a sort of arched tomb in the dilapidated 
 chantry, which formerly contained the recumbent effigies 
 of a knight and his lady, but they are now totally obliterated, 
 it is supposed through the ignorance of a rector, during 
 the early part of last century, who inherited some of the 
 Puritan fanaticism of the previous period. 
 
 At that time there was a stained window in the chapel, 
 containing some heraldic glass, which if now existing would 
 throw considerable light on the history of the tomb below, 
 but unhappily this was blown in by a gale of wind, and was 
 thus destroyed.* 
 
 In some of the windows were formerly the arms :• — 
 
 1. England and France quarterly, a label of points arg. 
 
 2. Arg. a unicorn ramp, sab., for Pembroke. 
 
 2. Barry of ten, az. and arg., eight martlets in an orle gu. 
 4. Sab. a cross patonce or. — Mannock. 
 In 1740 or thereabouts there was a 16th-century brass 
 and inscription, now gone : 
 
 SDrate pro artima IRicI;artJi 
 iffltonfortJ qui obiit jcr° Die meneio 
 iEatt an Urn mccccctu etijufl 
 amme propicietur Deiw. amen* 
 
 " Ecclia de Eltisle, valet in rcgiis libris ;£i2 is. 3^/. 
 Solvit Xmas, 15^. 8d. Procur' 6s. lod." 
 
 " 1 290- 1. Ecclie de Eltisle taxatur ad £26 6s. Sd." 
 
 * The writer has found the name of Defurcis mentioned in some records, as 
 that of the Knight in question. 
 
Eltisley. 1 2 1 
 
 " 1 291. Ecclia de Heltcsle in Decanatu de Knapwelle et 
 Brune, taxatur ad — . m. Decimatur 285-." 
 
 ' XXI 
 
 " Bona priorissae scai Michselis Stanford in Eltisle 
 taxantur ad;£i is. od." 
 
 " Bona hospit' de Burton ibfii ad £0 $s. od." 
 
 "Ecclia de Eltisle solvit Epo annua pensione 3^.4^/. in 
 festo Scl Michls." 
 
 " 1 5 12. Prior et conventus eccliai Cath Elien constituunt 
 procuratores ad appropriandu cccliairi de Eltysley monas- 
 tcriu monialiu minorissaru — seal Claras de Denney." 
 
 In 1 5 12, as is seen above, this church was appropriate to 
 the abbey of Denney, and after the Revolution the rectory 
 and advowson were granted to Edward Edrington, Esq., who 
 sold them in 1642 to Sir William Bowyer, Kt. After that 
 they passed into possession of the families of Searle and 
 Mannock, and were purchased by the Disbrowe family. 
 John Disbrowe was buried there in 1610, and was grand- 
 father to the Maj.-Gen. Disbrowe, and Samuel Disbrowe, 
 keeper of the great seal of Scotland. Maj.-Gen. Disbrowe 
 was married at Eltisley in 1636 to Jane Cromwell, 
 youngest sister of the Protector Oliver. In 17 13 his 
 descendants still had the rectory, when John Disbrowe 
 sold it to Mrs. Hester Barron of Eversden, and it was 
 subsequently devised by her to the family of Day. At the 
 beginning of this century Mr. Leeds bought it. 
 
 S. Wendreth is said by tradition to be buried in the 
 church. 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1349. Dns Thomas de Eltisle, April 19. 
 
 1350. Dns John de Eltisle, July 1. 
 
 1 35 1. Dns Thomas de Eltisle. June 6. 
 John Kyngston. 
 
122 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1375. Robert de Reydon, Oct. 7. 
 
 Richard de Donemewe, Oct. 27. 
 
 1385. Thomas de Banastre, Canon of Llandaff. 
 
 John Barton, Canon of Exeter. 
 
 1 39 1. Walter Philip, Dec. 13. 
 
 1394. William Spaldwik, Nov. 10. 
 
 1399. William Battesford, May 14. 
 
 1400. Robert Mariot, July 22. 
 
 1407. Robert Wyking, July 16, vice Robert 
 
 Mariot pro Berkford, Line. 
 1457. Roger Ratcliffe, Aug. 13. 
 1462. William Wood, Oct. 6. 
 1465. Gerard Skipwith, May 15. 
 1 5 12. Richard Carter (or Currour). 
 1 5 17. John Smith, June 3. 
 
 Thomas Day. 
 
 1568. John Eynns, Oct. 30. 
 1575. Robert Palmer, March 31. 
 1580. George Hamond. 
 
 George Huisworth. 
 
 Galfridus Thoroughgood. 
 
 John Lee. 
 
 1608. Francis Broke. 
 1 62 1. Edward Broke. 
 1657. John Leeds. 
 1705. Thomas Hawes. 
 1743. Robert Phipps. 
 1782. Richard Haighton. 
 1 8 10. Wm. Sanderson. 
 
 1 8 14. Thomas Kidd. 
 1850. William Young. 
 1868. James H. Edmonds. 
 1870. S. Lorick A. Cooper. 
 
Eltisley. 123 
 
 The following is Dowsing's entry regarding Eltisley : — 
 " Eltisley, March 7. Edward Smith, John Barfoot, 
 Churchwardens ; Philip Woodward, Constable. A Popish 
 image, Christ carried by Christopher, and four other 
 pictures." 
 
 In Leland's Itin. vol. 8 is the following : — " It appearithe 
 by the Legende of S. Pandonia that she was a Kynge of 
 Scotts Dowghtar, and after flienge them that would have 
 deflowrid her, she cam to a Kynns Woman of hirs, 
 Priorese of a Nunrey at Eltislc in Cambridgeshire, 4 
 myles from Seint Neotes, and after dyenge was byried in 
 Eltisley by a Well, cawled S. Pandonia Welle. She was 
 translated into Eltesley Churchc, Anno 1344, as it apcrithc 
 by the Lessons of hir translation made by one Ser Richard 
 Parishe Priste there." 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 
 
 o^*C 
 
 Bourn* 
 
 RUNE, corruptedly called Bourn, is a large and 
 pretty village distant about eleven miles west 
 of the university town, in the hundred of Stow 
 and deanery of Bourn. 
 
 Cbe manors. 
 
 Bourn has been the seat of many distinguished families 
 from the Conquest until now. Hugh dc Longo Campo 
 held lands here during the reign of the Confessor, and was 
 dispossessed of them by the Conqueror. Allan de Brune 
 was also a lord here, and held 4 hides and 1 yard land 
 of the first earl of Brittany and Richmond. William gave 
 the lands to Picot, a Norman, a man of great wealth and 
 ability, whom he made perpetual sheriff of the county, held 
 for life, and Baron of Brune. He built a large castle here, 
 which was burnt during the barons' war, temp. Henry III., 
 being set on fire by Ribald de Insula, or L'Isle, at which 
 time one Walter de Cottenham, a man of high position, was 
 hanged for rebellion. Picot married Hugonlia, a lady 
 devoted to a religious life and works of charity, and had 
 
 II 2 
 
126 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 issue a son Robert, but he, conspiring against Henry I., fled 
 from his barony, which was accordingly confiscated and 
 given to Pain Peverell, a worthy knight, son of Randall de 
 Peverell of Hatfield Peverell in Essex. 
 
 Pain Peverell was standard-bearer in the Holy Lands to 
 Robert Curthose Duke of Normandy, the King's eldest 
 brother. It was he who founded the important abbey of 
 Barnwell near Cambridge, which he also endowed with 
 large revenues. He had issue — William Peverell, Kt., who 
 died sine prole, and four daughters and coheiresses, Matilda 
 de Dyna ; Alicia, married to Sir Hamon Peche ; Roisia 
 from whom, by the Trussebutts and Robert Lord Roos, the 
 Earls of Rutland are descended ; and Ascelina de Water- 
 ville, from whom are descended the Torpells of Orwell. 
 The following short pedigree will furnish some insight into 
 this family : — 
 
 Pain Peverell. 
 
 William, Matilda, Alice = Hamon Peche. Roisia. Ascelina. 
 
 s. p. s. p. | 
 
 I I 
 
 Gilbert Peche = Galfridus. 
 
 Hamo Peche = 
 
 Hamo, Hugo. Robt. Matilda. = Gilbert. = Johanna. Thos. William, 
 clericus. 
 
 John. Edmund. 
 
 Gilbert de Peche (temp. Richard I.) was seised of xvii 
 knights'-fees, and the twelfth part of a knight's-fce be- 
 longing to his barony, besides v knights'-fees of the honor 
 of Richmond in Branall, which descended to Hamon de 
 Peche, and after to Gilbert, his son.* 
 
 * Rotul. pipce. 
 
Bourn. 
 
 127 
 
 Robert Myle held half a knight's-fee in Bourn of Hamon 
 Peche of the honor of Peverell, and paid castle guard and 
 pontage.* 
 
 " Juratores dicunt qd Dns Gilbert Pech est capital dns in 
 Brun et tenet in capite de dno illo et tenent sui dns ptos 
 Baron quondm Pagoni Peverell in feod et hered et qd 
 Gilbert habet ibm fursas Tumbrell et visus frant pleg gemel 
 in A psent Ballir DnI regis et rapit Emendasce cervisiae et 
 panis."t 
 
 There is not much evidence as to how this manor of the 
 Peches descended, but it was probably that which was sold 
 by Henry Lacy and Alice his wife, to Thomas, son of John 
 Riggesby, as appears by a fine of recovery, acknowledged 
 12 Edw. I., by a messuage, 15 tofts, one wind-mill, 2 yard 
 land, 3 acres of meadow, 4 acres of wood, 2 acres of pasture, 
 and 20s. rent in Bourn and Caxton. 
 
 Ralph de Riggesby was found lord of this manor by the 
 general inquisition taken 9 Edw. II. 
 
 " William le Chantry, priest of Brunne, held half a knight's- 
 fee in Brunne, which Hugo Hankyn and others hold there."J 
 
 " William de Suberis ten de honor Richm feod unu mil 
 de comit Brittaine et ille com de dno Rogo in dominio 
 xij rr arr ter de feod et tenet prat vij acr in pastur iiij or acr."§ 
 
 " The prior of Barnwell, the prior of S. Neots, William 
 Attepole, Knight, Symon Ellis, capellanus, Robert le White 
 and Ralphe Attchale, paid aid for making the King's eldest 
 son knight, for half a knight's-fee in Bourn, which sometime 
 the said prioress Margery de Sudbury and her partners 
 held, whereof the said prior of S. Neots held the moiety of 
 the half knight's-fee." || 
 
 * 22 lien. III. t Rot. Hundr. 9 Edw. 1. J 22 Hen. III. 
 
 § 9 Edw. I. || 20 Edw. III. 
 
128 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 After the family of Riggesby the manor seems to have 
 come into possession of one Warrin de Hingreth ; for in 
 7 Hen. VII. he is found lord of the manor of Riggesby in 
 Bourn, and of the honor of Richmond, by the service of 2s. 
 per ann. 
 
 John Ellis, son of John Ellis, held the manor of Riggesby 
 in Bourn of the honor of Richmond, io Hen. VII., and 
 John Hagar, son of John Hagar, Gent, held the manor of 
 " Riggesby atts Castle " and parcel of the pasture called 
 " Castle Hill atts Close " there of the honor of Richmond, 
 who left it to his son Robert. 
 
 By a deed of 6 Hen. VI. one John Ragon held a knight's- 
 fee which William Attepole sometime held there. 
 
 Lodwick Dyve, son of William Dyve, Esq., and Ann 
 his wife, daughter of Lodwick Apprice, held the manor of 
 Ragons of the King by fealty, 31 Hen. VIII. ; and in 40 
 Eliz. John Hagar was lord of this manor of Dyves. 
 
 The ancient family of de Freville of Shelford (qd vide) 
 held certain lands here, but there is not much known con- 
 cerning their connection with Bourn. 
 
 The Bacon manor came to Sir John Burwash, Kt, and 
 descended to his two daughters and co-heiresses, Maud, 
 married to Thomas Chaucer, Esq., and Margery, wife of 
 John Arundell of Devonshire, who held here 3 acres of land, 
 3 acres of meadow, and 42s. rent, of the King in capite, 
 13 Hen. VI. 
 
 William de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, held the manor of 
 Riggesby, 15 Hen. VI. ; and it then descended to John de 
 la Pole Duke of Suffolk, and through him to Edmund Duke 
 of Suffolk, by whose attainder it escheated to the Crown, 
 and part was granted by Henry VII. to Sir John Cutts, and 
 the residue to Sir John Hinde, Kt. He died seised of it 
 
Bourn. 129 
 
 3 Edw. VI., and left it to Sir Francis Hinde of Madingley, Kt. 
 — e.g., 10 messuages, 10 tofts, 20 cottages, 20 gardens, 2 
 acres of land, 20 acres of meadow, 20 acres of pasture, 2 
 acres of wood, and 6s. rent here, in Stow, and Caxton, held 
 of John Hagar. 
 
 The prior of Barnwell held 1 5 acres in pure alms of Sir 
 Gilbert Peche, and of the gift of Pain Peverell 1 yard land, 
 and also some land for maintaining a chaplain to celebrate 
 mass three times a week in the chapel of S. Helen in 
 Bourn. 
 
 The Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem also 
 held in Bourn 20 acres of the honor of Richmond. 
 
 The following is a short pedigree of the Hagars : — 
 
 John Hagar = , dau. and h. 
 
 of Essex of Fordham. 
 
 John Hagar of = , dau. of , Bell. 
 
 Bourn. 
 
 John Hagar of = Frances, dau. of 
 
 Bourn. | Robert Peyton of Iselham. 
 
 I I 
 
 John, s. p- Robert Hagar of = Ann, dau. of William 
 
 Bourn. ' | Benedict of London. 
 
 I 1 I 
 
 Hagar. Hannah. Rebeccah. 
 
 After the Dissolution the manor came to Christ's 
 College. 
 
 Escheats : — Edw. I. " Gulielmus de Subir ten in Brune 
 et Caldicote un feod mil et val p an x H ." 
 
 Edw. II. " Villa de Brune unde prior de Bernewelle Johes 
 de Sutbery et Radus de Riggesby sunt diii." 
 
 Edw. III. "Dioniss nup ux Thome Bacon ten p vita &c. 
 reman Ede Bacon p ffin xxxiv Edw. I. in Brun de Com 
 Pembr Cxx acr tr ii acr prati et 10s. redd ass p fid et redd 
 un par Chirothecarum peii id. vel id. p an." 
 
f3o Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 " Cantebr \ Rex Hcent dedit Johl de Secckeville et al 
 
 Horningsey qd ipsi vii mess ii cott xxx acr ter et un 
 Toft V acr prati ac med un marisci in vill Cant 
 
 Brune Horningsey, Toft, Brune, Trumpington 
 
 TrumpingtonJ dare possunt &c. 
 
 " Magro &c. Hospital Sci Johls Evangelist in vill Cant et 
 qd iii mess cott et iii acr ter tent de R in Burgag ut p cell vil 
 Cant pd prior de Elye tent de un mess v s m et fres pd de ii 
 at mess ii s iiii d minor &c. vill Cant de un cott ad Johes 
 Briste xii d . Margaret ux Thome de Cant p uno cott iiii s mr 
 et socii cott." &c. 
 
 €f)e onfmrcf), 
 
 S. Mary's Bourn is one of the Cambridgeshire churches 
 distinguished by fine specimens of 13th-century work, 
 though, like most examples of this date, it has been altered 
 to some extent in the 15 th century, by Perpendicular 
 insertions. It has chancel, nave, aisles, transepts, and a 
 west tower. The whole fabric has been most successfully 
 restored without injury to its design or details. It is of 
 unusually large proportions for a country church, is situated 
 in a very picturesque position, on rising ground, the land- 
 scape about the neighbourhood being more undulating, 
 perhaps, than any part of the county, except at the 
 Gog-Magog hills. Commencing, as usual, with the interior, 
 the chancel has an east window of three lights, Decorated, 
 of no special merit, and there are three early Perpendicular 
 windows in the north and south walls. On the south side 
 there are also very good, though late, sedilia, with arched 
 heads and the multitude of cusps distinguishing late 15th- 
 century work. The roof is high-pitched Perpendicular, with 
 hammer-beams ornamented with angels, the latter being 
 modern renovations. There are some good open seats, with 
 
Bourn. 
 
 I 3 I 
 
 poppy heads and carved decorations ; one standard bears a 
 date thus— "A. P. of B. 1534." 
 
 The nave arcade is very interesting, and consists of five 
 lofty Transitional Norman piers, on either side, supporting 
 six arches. These piers are alternately circular and octa- 
 gonal in section, and have large bold caps, those on the 
 south side being decorated with a sort of fluted pattern, 
 peculiar to the period. The bases are plainer. There is 
 an Early English clerestory of five circles to the side, with 
 quatrefoils of a very good character. A string moulding 
 runs under the whole from east to west. A new roof has 
 been put on of the same style as the clerestory, high-pitched, 
 with good tie-beams. The chancel-arch is the original 
 Early English one, springing from good moulded corbels. 
 There is the old Perpendicular rood-screen, which is rather 
 thin and poor in design, and not of much interest. 
 
 The north transept has a Decorated east window of two 
 lights ; on cither side is a late niche, over the spot where 
 the altar formerly stood ; there is also a plain aumbry. 
 The Perpendicular door leading up to the rood, is inserted 
 in the south-east angle of the wall. 
 
 In the adjacent north aisle, three windows are notice- 
 able ; two two-light Decorated ones, and a Perpendicular 
 specimen of three lights. The aisles, however, have not 
 much to attract attention, the south one being similar to 
 its fellow, the windows being different in design, while 
 there is a good specimen of Decorated tracer)' at the 
 east end. 
 
 Taking the south transept, we find it different from that 
 opposite, in having a separate arch to divide it from its 
 aisle, the floor being raised on three steps above the aisle 
 pavement. It is lighted by two Perpendicular windows of 
 the ordinary type. 
 
 H 3 
 
132 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The above short account will suffice for the body of the 
 church, reserving a more detailed description for the 
 western end. However, there are some good old open 
 benches in the nave, which are worthy of notice ; they have 
 excellent tracery in the panels, and good details in general, 
 and have assumed a very dark tone through age. 
 
 The tower has three arches, in consequence of the aisles 
 extending westward further than is usual, the north and 
 south arches thus opening into them. These arches are 
 very fine and lofty examples of Early English, springing 
 from a group of five engaged shafts with richly-moulded 
 caps. The shafts composing the cluster are alternately 
 circular, and of vesica-shaped section. The north and south 
 arcades are similar to the west one, so that the two main 
 supports of the tower are each of them enriched by ten 
 grouped shafts and caps. The whole effect is, further, 
 much heightened, by an ascent of three steps just under the 
 western arch. 
 
 There are three windows at the west end of the church, 
 one at the extremity of each aisle, and the west window 
 proper. The two former are single lancets, deeply splayed, 
 and inserted in a finely-moulded arcade with double jamb- 
 shafts. The large west window is curious two-light Early 
 English, divided by a very massive mullion of plain section. 
 There are likewise deeply-splayed lancets in the north and 
 south walls. 
 
 The whole effect of this tower from the inside, is very 
 striking, the raised pavement, the fine clustered piers, and 
 the broad span of the arches, being a very excellent 
 composition. 
 
 A description of the exterior will now be requisite. 
 There is a large Early English south porch, with bold side 
 buttresses, and a fine gable cross. It has no side lights. 
 
Bourn. 133 
 
 The outer door has a hood-mould with the pretty mask 
 endings peculiar to the period. This porch is at a higher 
 level than the nave to which it forms an entrance, through 
 the accumulation of earth outside. 
 
 The chancel roof is much lower than that of the nave, 
 which is unusually lofty. 
 
 The tower, however, is the most interesting feature of the 
 exterior as of the interior. It is very massive Early English, 
 and adorned by three large principal arcades in each face, 
 occupying about half its height. Each arcade is divided in 
 the middle by a transom, the centre one being further 
 formed into a four-light window by a centre mullion, and a 
 quatrefoil head. The buttresses are very massive and bold, 
 in five principal stages, and of a depth suited to bear the 
 weight of so large a superstructure. The top parapet is 
 battlemented, an addition in Perpendicular times, but the 
 original 13th-century string-mould can be seen below, the 
 hollow being filled with a series of mask ornaments. In 
 the south-west angle there is a fine turret staircase, entered 
 from the outside by a door and flight of steps. The west 
 door is remarkably beautiful, the arch being enriched by an 
 elaborate series of fine deep mouldings, each jamb contain- 
 ing five shafts. These shafts are of alternately circular 
 and vesica-shaped section, and are each surmounted by a 
 corresponding cap, with boldly cut abaci. 
 
 The lancets of the aisles at this end of the church, have 
 hoods with mask-terminals to the dripstones, the Early 
 English angle buttresses are also gabled and of massive 
 proportion. The roof of the aisles at the western extremity, 
 is of a higher pitch than that which covers the part flanking 
 the nave, a good illustration of the depression of roofs from 
 the best Early English period, to the horizontal examples 
 of the late Perpendicular. There are no parapets to the 
 walls, the roof having simple eaves only. 
 
134 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The whole of the church is good, and well worth a visit 
 from the archaeologist. It has been well restored, and is 
 now in good condition throughout. 
 
 In a window in the south transept were formerly (as late 
 as the middle of last century) the figures of a man and wife 
 with their six sons and seven daughters, all kneeling, and 
 each male bearing on his surcoat the arms — Barry of six, 
 gu. and erm. This was a memorial to Richard Ellis and 
 his wife, as appears by the inscription which was under- 
 neath : — 
 
 2Drate pro animabs EicfjarDi (Ellis 
 et iBargareta wroris ejus et Cli . . . 
 fieri fccerunt. 
 
 In this transept several slabs and tombs to the Hagars, 
 lords of the manor about 1750, with the arms — Or, on a 
 bend gu, three lioncels pass.arg. Crest — on a torse or and 
 sab. a hill vert, on which is a talbot pass, or collared gu. 
 
 In the chancel there was a monument to one Erasmus 
 Ferrari, 1604, also a slab to William Cropley (obiit 29 Aug. 
 1689) with the arms — Erm. in a chief three owls. 
 
 A few benefactions to the poor were proclaimed upon 
 the walls, thus : — " Memorandum, Apr. 6, 1736. That there 
 was given to the poor of this parish of Bourn, about 100 
 years since, 3 shillings a year for ever, out of the farm now 
 Mr. Hitchins and in ye occupation of John Bond and that 
 Roses Close at Monks Fields is tied for the payment of 
 the same due on S. John's Day, Dec. 27." This very small 
 gift was scarcely worthy of a public record in the church, 
 but in that age, charity was made known to everyone 
 concerned, on a rather different principle to that which 
 regulated alms-giving in the middle ages. 
 
 Another ran thus : — " Likewise William Cropley Gent, 
 late of Bourn in ye county of Cambridge, did by his last 
 
Bourn. 135 
 
 will Feb. 172 1, give to the minister, churchwarden, and 
 overseers of the poor of Bourn aforesaid, 10 shillings a year 
 for the use of the poor so long as the world endures, and to 
 be paid on ye 7 of June yearly, 3 acres of copyhold, bound 
 to pay the same, called Bains." 
 
 There is a silver salver belonging to the church, with an 
 inscription — " The gift of Frances Hagar to ye church of 
 Bourn 1694-," and a silver-gilt chalice with " For ye Towne 
 of Bourne 1569." 
 
 "In 1552 a patent was granted to Christ's College of the 
 manor of Burne, with the parsonage and advowson of the 
 same, late belonging to the Priory of Berncwell ; upon the 
 Surrender of an annuity of 20 pounds, granted to the said 
 college by King Henry VIII., to be levied yearly at the 
 manor of Weting in Norfolk in puram et perpctuam 
 eleemosynam."* 
 
 The puritan destroyers visited this church, amongst 
 others : we find the entry in Dowsing's journal : — 
 
 " March 7, Boorn. Will. Phipps, George Newman, Con- 
 stables ; John Disher and John Peast, Churchwardens. 
 We did downe two Angells and took a superstitious 
 inscription in brass and one of ye Virgin Mary, and divers 
 other popish pictures, and gave orders to take down two 
 crosses on ye steeple and on ye chancel." 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 1372. Dns Nichus, decanus de Brunne. 
 
 1375. Dns Johes Cook, capellanus in ecclia de Brunne. 
 
 1376. Dns Rogerus, vicarius de Eversden Magna, decanus 
 de Brunne. 
 
 1377. Dns Johes Dyve, capellanus de Wynepol, decanus 
 de Brunne. 
 
 * Strype's Eccl. Memorials, vol. 2, p. 501. 
 
/■changed. 
 
 136 Cambridgeshire Churches, 
 
 1378. Dns , vicarius de Caldecote, decanus de Brunne. 
 
 1379. Dns , rector de Toft, decanus de Brunne. 
 
 1 38 1. Dns Robtus Lary, capell poch de Uyngeston, 
 
 decanus. 
 1393. Roger Blase, Dec. II, Res. John Alvin pro vie 
 
 Milton. Willus fil Roger Normanton de Okeham, 
 
 Feb. 24. Res. Rog. Blase pro Wentworth. 
 1403. Robert Hawkesworth, Nov. 29. Res. Will Blase 
 
 pro Clopton Wine. 
 
 John Ashwell (presents to chantry). 
 
 1406. Richard Morbrun, Nov. 6. 
 
 Richard Foster. 
 
 1407. Thomas Hare de Maydewell, Line 
 
 John Hellywell, Dec. 1 1 . 
 
 1444. William Frances. 
 
 1448. Stephen Brasier (sequestratur propter absentiam, 
 
 June 28). 
 1456. Thomas Bontemps, Soc. Aul. Reg. 
 1465. William Townesende, Nov. 28. 
 1468. John Sterling. 
 
 1470. Thomas Milton, July 2, res. John Clopton. 
 1487. Egidius Seller, Jan. 14, obiit Dar. Apekenweryk. 
 1493. John Broderig. 
 1498. John Cornerth, B.A., Jan. 20. 
 
 1 5 18. King. 
 
 1527. Richard Warner, Oct. 12. 
 i 533- Eiton. 
 
 1 539. John Archer. — Last custos of the chantry of the 
 Virgin. 
 
 1540. Christopher Willye. 
 1 55 1. Lambert Draper. 
 
 1553. Christopher Balderston, Sep. 14. 
 1557. Thomas Skeelton, Dec. 10. 
 
Caxton. 137 
 
 1 567. John Dodington. 
 
 1568. Robert Bothe, Oct. 9. 
 1572. Henry Peche, Nov. 29. 
 1576. John Newton, Feb. 18. 
 1 596. King. 
 
 1599. George Wheelhouse. 
 
 1602. Thomas Saunders. 
 
 1603. John Currer. 
 
 1604. Edward Forster. 
 
 1655. Edward Bunchley — rector of Caldecote. 
 1727. Richard Bunchley, son of Edw. Bunchley. 
 
 J 739- Bunchley, son of the last. 
 
 1754. J. Swainson. 
 1756. Thomas Wray. 
 1765. John Barker. 
 1778. R. Haighton. 
 
 18 — Hoi worth>'. 
 
 1854. J. R. Ridout. 
 1S79. J. Elliot Fox. 
 
 Cajtton- 
 
 This is a large village situated about thirteen miles west of 
 Cambridge, in the hundred of Stow and deanery of Bourn. 
 It was formerly a place of some position, and a market- 
 town, but has now lost most of its importance. There was 
 a market here, granted to Sir Baldwin de Freville in 1247, 
 held then on a Monday, but altered afterwards to Tuesday. 
 This market was continued till the middle of the 17th 
 century. The village is placed across Erming Street, the 
 old Roman road between London and York. 
 
138 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 In early times Caxton belonged to Turgar, one of the 
 thanes of Edward the Confessor, and at the time when the 
 Domesday was taken, it was the seat of the De Scalariis or 
 D'Eschallers family. One of them, Stephen D'Eschallers, 
 was baron in 1259, and was also sheriff of the county. He 
 died 18 Hen. II. seized of 30 knights'-fees, which he divided 
 equally between his two sons, William D'Eschallers of Cax- 
 ton, and Hugh D'Eschallers of Whaddon, and it seems that 
 was a suit between the two brothers concerning this property. 
 
 This manor afterwards descended to the De Frevilles, 
 whose name is so intimately connected with Shelford. 
 Baldwin de Freville (15 Hen. III.) seems to be the first of 
 his family who held lands here, and by the hundred roll of 
 9 Edw. I., Sir Richard his son came in for the estate, and 
 had also the patronage of the church. 
 
 In 27 Edw. I. John de Freville, son of Sir Richard, held 
 the manors of Caxton and Shelford of the King in capite, 
 by the service of one knight's-fee. 
 
 In 6 Edw. II. Richard, son of the last, held the manor, 
 and seems to have been the King's ward ; for by the general 
 inquisition * " Dns Adamus de Valences " is found to be 
 sole lord of Caxton. 
 
 John de Freville held the manor after the death of Hugo 
 Fitz-Symon and Margaret his wife, and Robert Freville, 
 his brother, and Ellen his wife, held it after the death of 
 Richard Freville and Agnes his wife, who died sine prole. 
 These last are shown to have held the manor of Shelford, 
 and a third of the manor of Caxton.j 
 
 * Norn. Villar. t 41 Edw. HI. 
 

 C ax ton. 139 
 
 John Knevitt, Kt., son of John Knevitt, Esq., held 
 certain lands here of William Freville, temp. Henry VI. 
 
 The Burgoyns' name next appears amongst the lords of 
 the manor here, for they became united to the De Frcvilles 
 by marriage. John Burgoyn was lord in 6 Hen. VI., holding 
 it by half a knight's-fee. 
 
 John Burgoyn, son of Richard Burgoyn, held the manor 
 of the King (Edw. IV.) by the twelfth part of a knight's 
 fee. Richard Burgoyn, son of the last, held the manor 
 in 3 Hen. VII. John Burgoyn had two daughters and 
 coheiresses, Margaret wife of George Henyngham, and 
 Elizabeth, married to Thomas Thursby, Esq. Margaret 
 had three daughters and heiresses, Alice, married first to 
 
 Henry Lynch, and secondly to Greene ; Mary, wife 
 
 of Edward Pychard, and Anne, wife of Sir Ambrose 
 Jerney, Kt., who seems to have become possessed of the 
 manor. 
 
 Elizabeth Thursby had issue Edward, owner of the 
 other moiety, and father of Thomas Thursby, who sold it 
 afterwards to Anthony Cage of Stow, Esq., who also 
 bought up the other moiety, and, being possessed of the 
 whole, subsequently left it to Anthony his son. In 1698 it 
 again changed hands, and was purchased by John Gape, 
 Esq. At the present time the chief land-owners are the 
 trustees of the late John Beldam, Esq., and Captain Sidney 
 Stanley. 
 
 John de Colne held in demesne in Caxton, 1 messuage 
 and 5 rood acres of John D'Eschallers, paying yearly to 
 the prior of Ely, 12 quarters of wheat, 4 quarters of barley, 
 and 24 quarters of oats, and to John D'Eschallers 20s. per 
 ann. This part came to Baldwin and Geoffry de Colne 
 in the reign of Edw. III. John de Brus married a 
 daughter of John de Colne, and held 2 acres of land and 
 
140 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 15-y. 8d. rent here in Caxton. John de Colne held of 
 Richard de Freville a capital messuage with a close, 
 i£ acre, 4 rood acres land, 12s. rent, and 1 acre of 
 meadow by homage, and service of doing scutage when 
 it happened. " Item ten in uno dominio xl acr terre, 
 x acr pastur, et enu camp qd vocat Kingsfeild." 
 
 The prior of Huntingdon held in the same Kingsfeild, 
 7 rood acres of land of the gift of John de Colne, in pure 
 alms. The prior of S. Neots also held in Caxton of 
 the barony of Sir Richard de Freville, a messuage called 
 Swanesby, 7 rood acres land, and 20 acres of pasture in 
 
 pure alms, by the gift of D'Eschallers, for which 
 
 lands the prior challenged a leete, and other liberties, as 
 toll, &c. This manor of Swanesby or Swansley was given 
 by Dr. Caius to Caius College. 
 
 C()£ Cfmrcf). 
 
 This is a good country church, chiefly Early English, 
 and has been restored. Its plan is formed by a chancel, 
 nave, south aisle, and west tower. The east window is a 
 good triplet, above which are pierced trefoils of bold 
 design, the whole window being filled with fair modern 
 glass. 
 
 On the north side there are two Early English windows 
 of two lights each, having pretty trefoils in the head, 
 pierced in the spandrel between the arch and lights : this 
 side is further lighted by a single lancet. The windows 
 on the opposite side are similar, with the exception of the 
 window heads being ornamented with quatrefoils instead 
 of trefoils. The single lancet on this south side is peculiar, 
 and has a cross-transom, which may have been intended 
 to enclose a casement for the purpose of giving the holy 
 
Caxton. \\\ 
 
 Sacrament to the diseased outside. These windows are 
 inserted under a four-centred hood-arch, giving them a 
 good effect. There is a very good piscina, with double 
 arcades, the spandrel of the arch above being filled in with 
 a rich geometrical circle. The sedile is a plain stone one. 
 The roof is a plain high-pitched specimen. There is the 
 usual small priest's door on the south side. The chancel- 
 arch is a Perpendicular insertion in the old jambs, and is 
 thin and poor. There are no other points of interest in this 
 part of the church. 
 
 The nave is curiously raised above the level of the 
 chancel, the latter being entered by a descent of a step. It 
 is lighted by three double lancets with quatrcfoiled heads, 
 inserted rather high up in the wall. 
 
 There is a plain door in the west corner. The aisle 
 arcade is Perpendicular of four bays, which are of very lofty 
 proportion, the points of the arches almost reaching the 
 string of the roof. The supporting piers are formed of 
 pairs of round shafts with octagonal caps of the usual 
 type. 
 
 The aisle has three couplet lancets with quatrefoils in 
 the spandrels, like those in the nave. The east window is 
 formed of a very small triplet, which is rather unique. 
 These windows are set in a very thick wall, and are 
 consequently deeply splayed, and have a good effect. In 
 fact all the Early English work is plain and good, and early 
 in the style. 
 
 The tower-arch is plain Perpendicular, and is rather 
 narrow. There is also a Perpendicular west window, which 
 is a three-light insertion. 
 
 Taking the exterior — the tower is a large Perpendicular 
 example, with two-light windows in the top faces, and 
 plain quatrefoils in the second stage. The summit has the 
 
142 Cambridgeshire CJmrches. 
 
 customary embattled parapet. There is a good west door, 
 having a pointed arch, and square hood-mould, thus form- 
 ing spandrels, which have been well carved. On the south 
 side there is a turret, by the stairs of which the belfry is 
 reached. 
 
 There is an Early English south porch, having a good 
 inner door, with jambs cut with continuous mouldings. 
 All the Early English buttresses are worth inspection ; 
 they are gabled, and of stout proportion, and are well 
 designed. The hood-moulds of the chancel windows 
 have mask terminations to the dripstones. The gable of 
 the east end is ornamented by a very good floriated 
 cross. 
 
 On the whole this church is plain, but has a very good 
 effect, the proportion of its various parts being excellent, 
 much of its merits depending on the good arrangement of 
 the short Early English buttresses. 
 
 In this church are no monumental remains of notice ; but 
 not very long ago there was a brass to a vicar, with his 
 effigy in eucharistic vestments, and the following inscription 
 underneath — 
 
 C?ic jacet Dominue 3fo&annes 
 JKgton quondam bicarius istius 
 ecclie qui obiit ri° trie mcnsi© 
 3[atwarii anno bomini mccccljw 
 UTuju0 anime propicietur JDeu0. 
 
 There was also another brass figure and inscription — 
 
 Drate p aia 3!obuj eTretpnc cuj s . 
 aie propicietur Deus 3men» 
 qui obiit jjci Uie Septembrio 
 aii bixi mccccc* 
 
Caxton. I4j 
 
 Also the following — 
 
 $ere Ipeti? tbe bo"Dp of Salter £retpna 
 the tofjicbe Bccesflcti rri Bap of €>ep= 
 tember pc peare of o r Hort) mccccljrrriii 
 on tofjoae ooule SoU babe mere?. 
 
 In the cast window were formerly the following coats — 
 i. England and France quarterly. 
 
 2. S. George. 
 
 3. Sec of Ely. 
 
 4. Az. a hound pass. arg. — Burgoyn : paled with arg. 
 three bird-bolts gu. — Bozam. 
 
 The entry in Dowsing's journal concerning Caxton, runs 
 as follows : — " Mar. 7, Cackston. Christopher Linsy, Miles 
 Robarts, Churchwardens ; Henry Tones, Constable. A 
 cross to be taken of ye steeple, and 2 popish inscriptions, 
 one cujus anime propicictur Deus, and ye steps to be 
 levelled, and a cross on ye steeple, and one on ye church, 
 and 20 superstitious pictures." How* fanaticism could be 
 carried so far as to object to the pious wish, " cujus anime 
 propicietur Deus," can scarcely be conceived. There were 
 several late slabs to the memory of members of the 
 Barnard family, who had a seat here. We find an entry, 
 "135 1. June. Magnum altare dedicatum." The prior of 
 Lewes having obtained the rectory of Caxton from the 
 lord of the manor, held it, together with the gift of the 
 vicarage, till the Dissolution, about which time it was granted 
 to the college of Windsor by Henry VIII. 
 
 By an inquisition 24 Edw. III., the prior is found to 
 hold the rectory, and there belonged to him, besides the 
 houses, 4 rood acres of arable land of the glebe of the 
 church, valued \od. the acre before the Pestilence, and 
 afterwards 6d., the tithes of corn valued .£20 before the 
 
 1 
 
144 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 plague, and afterwards £\^ 6s. 8d. The tithes of wool and 
 lambs before the plague 16s. 8d. ; and the church had a 
 pension of 1 is. per ann. 
 
 " Caxton non appropriata. Est ibi rector et vicar taxatur 
 ad — . Solvit pro synod' lis. 4d. Procur' iSd. Denar' 
 Scl Petri 2d." 
 
 By the register of the archdeacon of Ely, it appears 
 that Sir John Woodward, vicar, was a benefactor to 
 the church. "In 1389, John de Breton had licence from 
 the bishop to have divine service performed in his private 
 chapel at Caxton for a certain term of years, which was 
 renewed in 1398 to John Stanground, priest. In 1410, 
 William Roos, also called Rees, Esq. (descended from 
 Roos, lord of Hamlake), and Maud his wife, daughter and 
 coheiress of Sir William de Nerford of Norfolk, by his 
 will gave the manor of Caxton and West Wratting in 
 Cambridgeshire, to found a chantry in the college of 
 S. Mary in the Fields in Norwich, and to pay Thomas the 
 anchorite, near that college, 2s. a week for life, together 
 with the manors of Nerford and that of S. Omer's in 
 Tharston in Norfolk to be sold by his executors for that 
 purpose."* 
 
 * Blomefield — Collectanea Cantabrigiensia, p. 20. 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE 
 
 -rvsc 
 
 Botttsfjam, 
 
 HIS village stands near the Newmarket road, 
 from which town it is distant about six miles, 
 and seven miles from Cambridge, in the hundred 
 of Staine and deanery of Camps. 
 At Anglesey, in this parish, there was anciently a priory 
 of Austin canons founded by Henry I. This priory was 
 rather an important one in the middle ages, but at the 
 Dissolution it shared the fate of its fellows, and its revenues 
 were swallowed up by the rapacious favourites of Henry 
 VIII. Concerning the history of Anglesey priory there is 
 not very much known ; but we shall not take up the subject 
 in these pages. 
 
 Bottisham has produced more than one celebrity in 
 its time, the three greatest being William of Bottlesham, 
 prior of Anglesey and Bishop of Rochester, obiit 1399 ; 
 John of Bottlesham, Bishop of Rochester, obiit 1404 ; and 
 Nicholas of Bottlesham, prior of the convent of Carmelites 
 in Cambridge, obiit 1435. 
 
 John de Bottlesham, Bishop of Rochester, licentiate of 
 law, was born here, and about 1398 was vicar-general to 
 
 K 2 
 
146 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, and afterwards 
 domestic chaplain to Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, which may account for the arms in the church 
 (gu. a lion ramp. arg. a bordure of the second). About 
 1380 he was prebendary of the state of Osbaldwic in the 
 Cathedral of York, and in 1 3S5, Archdeacon of Leicester ; 
 but in the meantime the Pope conferring it on one 
 Ponceline de Ursinis, he quitted his claim, and having 
 passed through several stalls in the cathedral of Lincoln, 
 he fixed to that of Brampton, to which he was installed 15 th 
 Jan. 1593. On 27th Aug. 1397, he was made master of St. 
 Peter's College, Cambridge, where he had been educated, 
 and to which he was a considerable benefactor, as he was 
 also to the university. At last, upon the death of his 
 townsman, William of Bottlesham, Bishop of Rochester, he 
 was consecrated to that see in Canterbury Cathedral by the 
 Archbishop, on July 4, 1400. He died four years after, 
 17th April, 1404, and was buried in his own cathedral. 
 
 Nicholas of Bottlesham, who was born in this parish, was 
 sent to Cambridge and placed in the convent of Carmelites, 
 of which fraternity he afterwards became a monk. This 
 convent stood on the land between King's and Queen's 
 Colleges, where now S. Catherine's College is situated. 
 These friars were very near and very bad neighbours, for 
 there was such animosity between them and the fellows 
 of King's, that there was an order given that the fellows 
 should have a suitable armed escort when passing in the 
 neighbourhood of the convent. It is not very clear as 
 to what gave rise to this dissension. However, friar 
 Nicholas de Bottlesham never bore any grudge to the 
 college, being dead before it was founded. He studied 
 divinity and philosophy at Cambridge, and made great 
 proficiency in these branches of learning. Thence he went 
 
Bottisham. 
 
 H7 
 
 
 to Paris, where, for his singular talents, he was made Doctor 
 of the Sorbonne, and on returning to Cambridge, became 
 prior of his convent. He was widely celebrated for his 
 learning and knowledge, and published many books of great 
 estimation in their time. He died at Cambridge about 
 1435, and was buried in the convent chapel. The following 
 is an extract from Fuller's ' Worthies of Cambridgeshire : ' — 
 " Bottisham is a small village which never amounted to a 
 market-town, some five miles east of Cambridge, pleasantly 
 seated in pure air, having rich arable on the one, and ye 
 fair heath of Newmarket on the other side thereof. It 
 hath been the nursery of refined Wits, affording a trium- 
 virate of learned men, taking their lives there, and names 
 thence, and to prevent mistakes, to which learned Tens in 
 this point have been too prone, we present them in the 
 ensuing Parallels — 
 
 William of Bottle-] John of Bottlcsham 
 sham, Prior of j Vicar-general to 
 Anglesey, Bishop ye Archbishop of 
 York, Master of S. 
 Peter's Coll. Cam- 
 bridge, and Bishop 
 of Rochester, died 
 1404. 
 
 Let all England shew me if you like three eminent men 
 (all contemporaries at large) which one petty village did 
 produce. Let Bottlesham hereafter be no more famed for 
 its single Becon, but for these three Lights it afforded." 
 
 first of Bethlem, 
 and after of Roch- 
 ester, died 1399. 
 
 Nicholas of Bottle- 
 sham, Carmelite, 
 Doctor of ye Sor- 
 bon and prior of ye 
 convent of Carme- 
 lites in Cambridge, 
 died 1435. 
 
 €bc manors. 
 
 At the Dissolution the site of the priory and the manor 
 of Anglesey cum Bottisham, was granted by Henry VIII. 
 
148 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 to John Hinde, Esq., but soon after it passed to the family 
 of Foulke. In 1627 Thomas Hobson, the celebrated carrier, 
 whose name is still well known in Cambridge, had this 
 manor. After this it came to the Parkers, and continued in 
 that family for over a century. 
 
 In 1736 Alexander Parker, Esq., sold it to Sir George 
 Downing, Bart., who left it subsequently to Sir Jacob 
 Downing, Bart., the next heir. His widow gave it to John 
 Whittington, Esq., and in 1 793 it was bought by the Rev. 
 George Jenyns. The manor has remained in this family 
 until now. 
 
 There was another manor, the manor of Allington, belong- 
 ing in former times to an ancient family of that name. 
 The father of William Allington, treasurer of Ireland and 
 Normandy (obiit 1446), is described as lord of Bottisham, 
 and his son, having married the heiress of Sir John Argen- 
 tine, acquired by that match the manor of Horseheath, 
 which is the ancestral seat of the Argentines. This manor, 
 and the manor of Vaux's (a family of that name had large 
 possessions in the county in the middle ages) were also 
 bought of the Argentines by Sir Roger Jenyns. 
 
 There is also a manor of Tonbridge, which is now in 
 possession of Downing College. 
 
 In the church there are several monuments to the 
 memory of former lords of the manor and their families, 
 the Allingtons, Conningesbyes, and other good old families, 
 but these will be noticed in a more appropriate place. 
 
 Cbc C&urcf). 
 
 The church, dedicated to Holy Cross is a very beautiful 
 and remarkable specimen of Decorated work, early in the 
 style, and of a very pure character, having also some very 
 
Bottisham. 149 
 
 good flint work externally. The whole fabric has under- 
 gone restoration during late years, and is now in excellent 
 preservation. The plan of the building is formed by a 
 chancel, nave, north and south aisles, a west tower, north and 
 south porches, and a western galilee. 
 
 Taking as usual, the interior first — the east window is 
 Early English, and has a fine triple lancet set, enriched by 
 four groups of shafts, formed by three to a group, the 
 arches being decorated by dog-tooth. This window seems 
 quite new, and contains some very good modern stained 
 glass. The north side of the chancel has two Perpendicular 
 insertions, one a two-light, and the other a three-light 
 window. The south side is similar as regards the windows, 
 but has also a very good Early English piscina and sedilia. 
 The former has a square head. The sedilia are formed 
 of a triple series of arcades, consisting of plain moulded 
 lancets, which are simple and good. There is a modern 
 roof, and modern stalls, the former being of no merit, the 
 latter exhibiting some very good work. 
 
 A peculiar feature in the church, is the curious Per- 
 pendicular stone screen, which divides the chancel from 
 the nave. It is of a very simple design, consisting of three 
 plain stone arches, the middle one forming the door, the 
 spandrels being pierced with quatrefoils. This screen hides 
 the jambs of the chancel-arch, which is plain Decorated. 
 
 The nave arcade consists of five fine loft bays on each 
 side, having richly-moulded arches. The piers are formed 
 of clusters of four shafts, separated by a member of the 
 arch moulding which descends to the base, surmounted by 
 deeply-cut caps. This arcade is very excellent. 
 
 The clerestory has four large trefoiled lancets to a side, 
 with moulded jambs deeply splayed. The roof is modern 
 and ugly in design. 
 
 In the spandrels of the chancel-arch two late Perpendicular 
 
150 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 windows of two lights have been inserted, which much mars 
 the appearance of that part of the church ; and additional 
 light was unnecessary. 
 
 The east window of the north aisle has rich tracery and 
 is of three lights, and there are five two-light windows in 
 the aisle itself, all having fine bold tracery. 
 
 Between the windows there is a fine door with good 
 mouldings, the string-mould which runs under all the 
 windows passing up over it, forming a hood. The west 
 window is similar in design to the east one. The roof 
 here also is a bad modern specimen. 
 
 At the east end of this aisle there is an oak screen, which 
 seems late Decorated, but has been painted over, and which 
 shuts off two late monuments, one to " Marg 1 daughter 
 of William Coningesbye of Kinges Lyn " and another to 
 two children of the Allington family, 1638. On the former 
 there are two shields, bearing the following arms : — 1. Sab 
 a fess engr. between three bucks trippant or, spotted of 
 the field. — Pledger. 
 
 2. Six coats of Allington impaling four of Conningesbye, 
 e. g. :— 
 
 1. Sab. a bend engr. between eight billets arg. —Allington. 
 
 2. Gu. three covered cups arg. — Argentine. 
 
 3. Az. three martlets or, a canton erm. 
 
 4. Gu. on a bend arg. three leopards' faces. 
 
 5. Middleton. 
 
 6. Arg. fretty sab. a canton of the second. — Middleton : 
 impaling for Conningesbye — 
 
 1. Gu. there conies sejant arg. within a bordure engr. 
 sab. 
 
 2. Or, a lion ramp. gu. — Frene. 
 
 3. Sab. a fess erm. between three goats'-heads erased erm. 
 for Ferby. 
 
 4. Same as 1. 
 
Bottisham. 1 5 1 
 
 This Connyngesbye was one of the justices of the Common 
 Pleas. 
 
 On the Allington tomb is the following epitaph : — 
 
 JACEMUS HIC LEONETTUS ET DOROTHEA EXIMIORUM 
 GULIELMI ET ELIZABETH/E ALLINGTON FILIUS FILIAQ 
 FATO SUCCUBUIMUS ANNO SAL 1 638. 
 
 In this part of the church there is also a raised Purbcck 
 altar-tomb, which shews the matrix of what has been a 
 good brass. This was a memorial to Elyas de Beckingham 
 one of the itinerant judges of Edward I. a man of great 
 probity, and represented him in full robes, the cushion on 
 which his head rested being supported on cither side by 
 angels ; there was also a good canopy above. The inscrip- 
 tion round the margin ran as follows : — 
 
 Cbic jacet ffilpao Tie IScc&mcfoam 
 quontiam Jucticiariuo Domini 
 recto anclie cujuo anime 
 propicietur Dcuo. amen. 
 
 When Edward I. returned from Gascony to England after 
 an absence of three years, there was a general complaint made 
 against all those magistrates who had been appointed for the 
 administration of justice during his absence, that they had 
 abused their powers, and were guilty of great corruption ; and 
 in consequence many were committed to the Tower, and 
 others fined. " To conclude there was not found any amongst 
 all ye justices and officers clear and void of unjust dealing 
 except John de Metingham and Elias de Beckingham who 
 onely amongst the rest had behaved themselves uprightly." * 
 
 The sides of this tomb are panelled in lozenge-shaped 
 compartments, which are cusped, and contain shields. 
 
 * Hollingshead, p. 285. 
 
152 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The south aisle resembles its fellow in most respects, 
 but has a fine series of arcades running the whole length, 
 under each of which is a stone coffin built in the wall, an 
 arch being under every window. These arches are finely- 
 moulded and very effective, but are much hidden by pews. 
 A similar screen to that on the other side shuts off a 
 large but hideous monument to " S r Jenyns and his wife 
 Elizabeth," representing them in their bed attire — a remark- 
 able costume to choose. That this tomb, though costly, 
 has no art merits whatever, may be understood by its bearing 
 the date 1728. He whom it commemorates was lord of 
 the manors of Allington and Vauxs. The tomb stands 
 against the east wall, where formerly the chantry altar 
 stood, and there is a beautiful piscina, as also a sedile, in 
 the south wall close by. Above is a very curious Decorated 
 window, divided by a mullion and a cross transom into four 
 similar parts. This window has a square frame and a sort 
 of double jamb, there being a second stone mullion, detached 
 from the mullion proper, which runs up to the head of the 
 frame. There is a like example in the opposite aisle. Here 
 also there is a fine door, like that opposite, with a string 
 running under the windows and over the arch. 
 
 There is no regular tower-arch but a low, depressed, four- 
 centered one, about two-thirds of the way down, in front 
 of which is a gallery supporting the organ. After passing 
 through this low arch or door, one comes underneath the 
 tower, which is lighted by two lancets, deeply splayed in 
 the thick wall. There is also a massive Decorated arch 
 leading into the west porch. 
 
 These remarks conclude the sketch of the interior, which 
 is really a fine example of 14th-century work, well worth 
 studying, the arcades under the windows in the south aisle 
 being specially noticeable. 
 
Bottisham. 153 
 
 In the south window, near the screen, were formerly the 
 following coats : — 
 
 1. Gu. a lion ramp, within a bordure engr. arg. for Grey 
 Bishop of Ely. 
 
 2. Barry of six arg. and az. on a chief of the first two 
 pallets of the second between two Esquires dexter and 
 sinister of the second. — Mortimer. 
 
 Also the following — 
 
 Quarterly of Allington and Argentine, impaling Quarterly 
 1 and 4, chequy gu. and or a canton erm., 2 and 3 gu. three 
 stirrups, buckles and straps or. — Scudamore. 
 
 In a north window the following on a scroll : — 
 
 SANCTU NICHOLAU SANCTU GREGORIU. 
 
 Lately there were some hatchments, now removed, 
 bearing the following coats : — 
 
 1. Arg. on a fess gu. three bezants or ; in a canton az. a 
 crescent or for difference ; impaling gu. a chevron between 
 three mallets or. — Jenyns and Soame. 
 
 2. Jenyns impaled with Harvey — or a chevron engr. 
 gu., on it three trefoils slipped arg. between three lions' 
 faces. 
 
 Also the following inscription on a tomb : — 
 
 JOHN SALISBURY OF BOTTISHAM WHO DYED 
 
 IN YE YEAR OF OUR LORD GOD 1630 DID SOME 
 
 TIME BEFORE HIS DEATH GIVE IO POUNDS TO YE 
 
 TOUNE OF BOTTISHAM FOR EVER YE 
 
 USE WHEREOF QUARTERLY TO BE DISPOSED OF 
 
 BY YE MINISTER AND CHURCHWARDENS 
 
 OF YE SAID PARISH FOR YE TEACHING OF 
 
 3 POORE CHILDREN OF YE SAID PARISH. 
 
 There was formerly an inscription on the wall stating that 
 Giles Breame, Esq., gave three almshouses to the town. 
 
154 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 There are also slabs to the memory of Francis Hessel, 
 1689, and John Lack, who lived at Long Meadow, 1742. 
 
 The exterior of the fabric will now require some descrip- 
 tion. The west door is plainly but well moulded. The 
 tower is in three main stages, and is a good composition, 
 having four two-light windows in the top, with quatrefoils 
 in the spandrels of the lights. The south side of the church 
 is the most interesting portion externally, the aisle here 
 having fine buttresses, beautifully treated with panelling. 
 There is a south porch, the inner and outer doorways 
 having deep mouldings continued to the base of the jambs. 
 Above the outer door is a niche for the patron saint. The 
 beautiful arcade which is so interesting a feature in the 
 interior, is repeated outside, running under all the windows 
 on the exterior of the south aisle. 
 
 The walls to the nave and aisles have no regular parapet, 
 but simply a moulded string. The tower, however, has an 
 embattled parapet and four good crocketed pinnacles.* 
 
 In the time of John Bertelot, 1396, the Bishop of Ely 
 granted leave to Joan, relict of Maurice Tone, to have 
 divine service performed in her oratory in a house at 
 Bottisham Lode. 
 
 In 162 1 Giles Breame, Esq., descended by the female 
 line from the Allingtons, founded an almshouse at Eastham, 
 Essex, for six poor persons, three of whom were to be from 
 the parish of Bottisham. The estate with which this alms- 
 house was endowed let in 1795 for £$0 per annum. The 
 great tithes of this place, which formerly had been appro- 
 priate to the priory of Anglesey, were in 1801 given up to 
 
 * A section of a pier is given in the ' Glossary of Architecture,' the details of 
 the screens in Brandon's ' Analysis,' as also a screen and buttress, and the 
 elevation of the nave arcade. 
 
 In Carter's ' Ancient Architecture ' is an engraving of the remains of Anglesey 
 Abbey. 
 
Bottisham. 1 5 5 
 
 Trinity College, Cambridge. The prior of Barnwell had 
 tithes here taxed at 2s. 
 
 In 1393 John Dymoke died and gave 6s. Sd. to Anglesey 
 priory, and 6s. 8d. for maintaining lights in Bottisham 
 street to direct strangers on their way during the night. 
 Besides the above-named priors, the prior of Tunbridge 
 had temporals at ^20 3s. <\d. and the prior of Longaville 
 a pension of £4 13s. ^d. paid for tithes. The following is 
 taken from an old deed : — 
 
 " Sciant nsentes et futuri qd ego Ricardus Arnold de 
 Bodekesham dedi ac Nico Towc de eadm et Alicie uxl sue, 
 Nicho et Isabclle eoru liberis dimidia acra trc in Albo 
 Campo ville de Bodekesham inter terra Prioris de An- 
 glescye et terra Isabelle Burgeys et supra Forreram Priori 
 de Tonbrigg, &c. Hiis tcstibus Willo filio RicI, Petro 
 Pycot, Johe de Stourc, Thoma Rangillioun, Yvonc Gerard, 
 Martino Honlync, JohO Tone et aliis. Dat apd Bodeke- 
 sham die veneris in Aptom Simonis et Judc. Anno v. v. 
 lull filii v. EdI un decimo." 
 
 In 17 1 2 there was a destructive fire in Bottisham, which 
 consumed twenty houses and did other damage. 
 
 Vicars* 
 
 Hugh, son of Augustin and Eluina. 
 
 1222. Richard de la Lade. 
 
 1 25 1. Dns John. 
 
 1287. Symon, formerly perpetual vicar, May 25. 
 
 1324. Richard Freeburn, presented by the prior of 
 
 Anglesey. 
 1338. Adam, canon de Long Stanton, presented by the 
 
 * Most of these names are taken from Cole and Mason, but the writer 
 having subsequently referred to Hailstone : s ' Bottisham,' completed them from 
 the list given there. 
 
156 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 prior and convent of Anglesey to the vicarage, to 
 
 which he was admitted at Downham by the Bishop 
 
 of Ely, 1 1 Dec. 
 1 341. Bartholomew Peryn. 
 1344. Dns Adam. 
 1346. Dns Thomas. 
 1349. William de Wykkewan, June 5, presented by the 
 
 prior of Anglesey, pleno jure. 
 
 John Curteys. 
 
 1352. William Saleman. 
 
 1379. William de Salmon, presbyter, Mar. 23. 
 
 1393. William Marshall obiit. Robert Aleyn, instituted 
 Dec. 2, resigned in 1395. 
 
 1 395. John Bertelot. In 1398 he exchanged for Stanway, 
 in Essex. In 1400 he was presented to S. Nicholas, 
 Colchester, by the abbot and convent of S. John 
 Baptist there. Vicar in 1406 of Thurruck Parva 
 and of Feltham, Middlesex, one of which he 
 resigned. 
 
 1398. Nicholas Hale of Stanway. 
 
 1399. Nicholas Baynard, April 30. 
 1464. William Spencer obiit. 
 
 Robert Knyght appointed, Sep. 18. 
 
 1506. Bartholomew Rodswell. 
 
 1534. William Breton resigned, 17 March. 
 
 Thomas Moodye presented, admitted Mar. 28, 1 53 5 _ 
 
 1542. William Walker, Nov. 22, presented by King's 
 
 Hall. 
 
 1556. Robert Rooke, obiit 1557. 
 
 1557. John Wryght, Oct. 16. 
 1566. John Cooke, March 13. 
 Eastdale. 
 
 j 573. Baldwin Caswell, Sep. 24, resigned. 
 
Bottisham. 157 
 
 1575. Christopher Jeniver, Jan. 6, obiit 161 1. 
 
 John Gilder. 
 
 161 1. William Burton, Oct. 21, resigned. 
 16 1 3. Thomas Kechin, resigned. 
 
 1616. Thomas Cooke, Mar. 15. 
 
 1617. Coote. 
 
 1619. Anthony Topham, compounded Apr. 17. 
 
 1620. Samuel Sackvile, compounded Feb. 19. 
 
 1 62 1. Richard Watts, comp. Mar. 29. 
 
 1630. Thomas Mcdhopc. 
 
 1 63 1. Dr. George Helton, comp. 
 
 1633. Dr. Gulson. 
 
 1634. Charles Chamberlain, Mar. 26. 
 
 1638. Edward Burton, app. June 13, comp. Oct. 1638. 
 
 1G44. Crossland. (Sequestered "for saying that 
 
 the Party had taken up arms against the King," 
 Mar. 26, 1644. Carter calls him " a time server, 
 and one who observes bowing towards the cast, 
 standing up at ' Gloria Patri ' and suchlike super- 
 stitious worship and Popish innovations in the 
 church " (!)) 
 
 1655. Richard Britten. 
 
 1668. William Fordham. 
 
 1690. Thomas Walker, presented by Parliament. 
 
 1693. William Rashleigh. 
 
 Jonothan Smith. 
 
 Gostwick. 
 
 1696. Abraham Jordan. 
 
 Roger Parne, D.D., a distinguished member of the 
 
 university. 
 
 1708. Edward Bathhurst. 
 
 1716. John Craister, D.D. 
 
 1725. Thomas Paine. 
 
158 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1758. Joseph Davies, rector of Barton Mills, Suffolk. 
 
 1763. Thomas Waterworth. 
 
 Michael Lort, Prof, of Greek, resigned in 1770. 
 
 1770. Thomas Spencer. 
 
 1 77 1. Christopher Hodgson. 
 1773. Robert Hilton. 
 
 1775. John Cranke, afterwards vicar of Shudy Camps. 
 
 1783. William Lort Manscl, subsequently Master of 
 Trinity. 
 
 1790. Thomas Gilbank. 
 
 1796. Henry Porter. 
 
 1801. Jonothan Raine, D.D. 
 
 181 1. William Pugh. 
 
 1825. John Brown. 
 
 1837. Thomas Musgrave, Abp. of York, 1847. 
 
 John Hailstone, presented by the Queen, resigned 
 
 1 861. 
 
 1861. John Brown McClellan, late fellow of Trinity. 
 
 The following is an inventory of church goods from a 
 MS. in Caius Coll. Library : — 
 
 " Ecclesia de Botekesham appropriata priori de Anglesey 
 et habet vicarium et taxatur ad xxx marcas et solvit pro 
 synodi ij.y. et iiij<^. procur xviij<£ pro den. Beati Petri xl^. 
 et sunt ejus ornamenta hec. vi paria vestimentorum (quorum 
 duo sunt cum tunicis et dalmaticis) vii super pellicia j 
 rocheta, velum templi, i missale, iij antiphon. bona cum ij 
 psalteriis et quatuor psalteria per sesta gradalia, cum tro- 
 periis, ep' lav' martyrologium, ij manualia, una (portiforium) 
 legenda in duobus voluminibus, iij calices, iiij frontalia, una 
 crux enea, pix eburnea, crismatorium bonum (eburneum), 
 iiij phiole, i lanterna, turibulum, fons cum serrura, quinque 
 paria corporalium, una casula, ct una alba de nova data t 
 ij bandckyns ex dono dnl Andree . . . (modo tunica et 
 
Bottisham. 159 
 
 dalmatica cum stolis duabus . . . et Willi Mareschalli 
 et una casula ex dono Willi le Hest, j pannus de serico 
 de dono Elye de Bekynham, par frontalium, j par 
 
 cuporaliura cum delfinis de . . . ex dono Zouch arm. 
 
 Item una nova capa chori precio marc ex dono Willi Gode 
 defunct." 
 
 The following is an inventory taken in 1552 by the 
 Commissioners " for the surveye of all goodes, plate, 
 jcuclls," &c. 
 " Plate. — Fyrst there is a cross of sylver pcell 
 
 gylt p. oz xlvi ounces 
 
 Item one senscr of sylver pcell gylte 
 
 p. oz xxxiiij oz. 
 
 Item one pyx of sylver & gylt w' y e 
 
 glasse & a stane of sylver p. oz. . xiij oz. 
 
 Item, one chalyce w' ye patent of 
 
 sylver double gilt p. oz xvij oz. 
 
 Item, one other of sylver p. oz. . . xvj oz." 
 
 " Ornaments." — Amongst these there are many fine copes, 
 chasubles and other vestments. " Item, one whole sute of 
 blewe sattyn, viz. iij copes, a vestment, deacon and sub- 
 deacon. Item, one vestement, deacon and sbdeacon and 
 one cope of blewe brodered \v d sylver wyer, one payer of 
 organnes, ij corporax clothes w l their cases, one cross staffe 
 of copper." 
 
 From the will of Elizabeth de Burgh, dated 1355, we find 
 the following item : — " A l'eglise parochiale de Bodekesham 
 XL S , et un drap d'or," e.g., a cope. 
 
 There are five bells, four of which are old, and bear the 
 inscriptions — 
 
 2nd bell. — "John Draper made me 1606." 
 3rd bell. — " John Draper made me 1626." 
 4th bell. — " Nicolson Ricardus fecit me." 
 
 L 
 
160 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 This last inscription is on old lettering, and the bell also 
 bears the head of a king and queen. 
 
 Tenor. — " John Draper made me 1626." 
 
 Many bells in the county bear the name of John Draper, 
 and he seems to have been a celebrated founder, and lived 
 at Thetford. 
 
 Cole quotes the following in his MS. collections, but does 
 not say whence it is taken ; it is of some interest by reason 
 of the names mentioned in it. " Sciant psentes et futuri 
 qd ego Johes Pychard de Bodekysham dedi gessi et hac 
 pub jacent juxta viam que ducit de Angleseye versus Quoy 
 ex una pte et tram Richardi Skileman ex altera, et unu 
 caput abuttat sup tram Thome le Rous. Habend et 
 tenend, &c. Hiis testibs Thoma le Rous de Quoye, Robto 
 Bissop de ead, Petro Pycott de Bodekasha, Johe de Ged- 
 dyng de ead, Wills filio Richardi de ead, Thoma Ranglion 
 de ead, Nicho Thone, de ead et aliis. Dat apud Bodekys- 
 ham die martis in crastino see Fidis Virgis anno regni regis 
 Edwardi filii regis Edwardi quarto decimo." 
 
 <&up* 
 
 Ouy, or Ouy-cum-Stow, is a small village near the New- 
 market road, distant about five miles east from Cambridge, 
 and thus about two miles from Bottisham ; its church stands 
 by itself, close to the main road, and is a conspicuous object 
 to one coming from Cambridge. 
 
 €J)e manors. 
 
 There is not much evidence as to who held the manors 
 at any early period, but the family of Traylly were lords 
 here for more than a century, Reginald Traylly, the last 
 male heir, dying seised of it in 1401. After his death the 
 
Quy. 1 6 1 
 
 estates passed by inheritance to the families of Hugford 
 and Lucy, Reginald's niece and heiress having married Sir 
 William Hugford. 
 
 " Q wve m Hundred de Stane. Willus de Hobrigge ten 
 Feod i milit de Epd Elien et det sect Willus de Qwye ten 
 Qwye et in Haltest Feod dim militis de Willo de Hobrigge 
 qui tenet in capite de duo rege. Id Willus de Hobrigge 
 deb p ann de aux vie p Qwye Bokesworth Coniton Bede 
 Granden Hattcll x s Allricus de Qwye debet sectam." 
 
 " Stowe in cadem Hundr Willus Engayne ten Feod 
 septic ptis i militis de Feod abbis de Rameseye. Ibm 
 Willus debet I sect et de aux vie xviii d dar. Ibm Brianus 
 filius Alani I Hid Terr p xl pte Feod dim mil de honore 
 Brianus. Ibm in Qwye sunt iii Hid Terr et dim et x acr 
 terr geld et vi Terr dim de Libre Elien E Rot Feod Com 
 Cant." — Domesday. 
 
 By a deed dated I Henry IV. we find the name of 
 Traylly. "Quy — Trayly Reginald fit JohnTs ten diio 
 messuagia vi xx acr ter un piscar in Quye ut pcelt M. de 
 Quye de R. in C. et tenet etiam 3\I. de Quye (except te et 
 tent pt) de Epo Elien p quae vie ign." 
 
 Two years after, 3 Henry IV., the name of Hugford 
 appears. "Quye — Margareta ux Willm Huggeford Chr 
 Conss : Reginald Trayly Chr prls Reginald ten de R in 
 cap un piscar et C. acr tr ut n cell M. de Quy et ten M. 
 de Quy de Epo Elien p que vie ign et cone fuit p Johnem 
 Trayly Chr except te tent in C. Reginald de Gray diio 
 de Wcfford et de Ruthin et al." 
 
 Soon after the name of Lucy appears : " Lucy Willms 
 fit Thome Lucy Chr fil Alicies nup ux Rid Archer qui 
 tenuit in jure sua iiii or acr ter in Stowe val 14/ viz. xii le 
 acr de Kineap un dom voc. Fishowse et aqua sepal eidm 
 adjacen de R. in cap." 
 
 L 2 
 
1 62, Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 In 14 Henry VIII. we find Roger Cholmeley was lord 
 of the manor of Holme Hall, which seems to be the name 
 given in later times to the principal manor : " Roger 
 Cholmeley Pater Rici militis tenet de Epd maneriu vocat 
 Holme Hall Quy et advocationem capellae cantarise Btse 
 Anna de Holmehall nup Robti Filii Johls Ansty." And 
 temp. Edward VI. we find : * " Stowquie — iii mess un 
 molend aquatic 500 acr tr 10 acr prati 20 acr pastur un 
 acr bosci in Stowquy de Rico Cholmley mil p fid tantam 
 p omnibus viciis (£6)." 
 
 After the Cholmeleys, the families of Lawrence, Child, 
 and Whichcote were successively lords of the manor. 
 " Robert Lawrence, of this parish, long before his death, 
 designed, that the profits of ten acres of arable land in the 
 fields of the said parish, should be given to the poor at the 
 election and discretion of the lord of the manor of Holme 
 alias Stow-Qui, but lived not to finish the said settlement. "t 
 His grandson afterwards carried out his wishes. 
 
 John Child, Esq., had a seat here in 1673, and Sir Paul 
 Whichcote, Bt. of Quy-Hall, lord of the manor, dying in 
 172 1, the manor went to Thomas Martyn, Esq. 
 
 Some fifty years after this, the manor was publicly 
 offered for sale, as appears by the following extract from a 
 newspaper : X " To be sold by private contract, the manor of 
 Stow cum Qui, situated 5 miles from Cambridge, and 7 
 from Newmarket, together with the Mansion-house, 6 
 Farms, and sundry other Appendages thereunto belonging, 
 amounting to 1210 acres of Meadow, Pasture, and arable 
 land, chiefly occupied by tenants at Will, at the rent of 
 £653 16s. yd., but worth, on a moderate estimation, ^800 in 
 their present state, and are capable of a great Improvement 
 
 * Escheats. t Blomefield. 
 
 X 'Camb. Chron.' Aug. 26, 1775. 
 
Quy. 1 63 
 
 by a better Disposition of the Land. The premises may be 
 viewed by applying to Mr. Kettle of Bottesham, near the 
 spot." 
 
 There was another manor, to which the advowson of the 
 church was annexed, which belonged in the 13th century 
 to the Engaines. William de Hobrige charged his manor 
 there with four quarters of wheat and barley, to be bestowed 
 on the priest celebrating divine service in the church of S. 
 Nicholas there. (2 Edw. III.) 
 
 About 1350 John Engaine presented to Stow S. Mary in 
 1403 Sir William Paysworth Knt., and Alice his wife 
 presented, and in 1455 Robert Woodlark, the provost, and 
 the fellows of King's College, presented. In 35 Henry VI., 
 the college having given it to the King, he made it over to 
 the prior and convent of Barnwell, to whom the tithes were 
 appropriate. In 17 16 the Bishop of Ely was patron. 
 
 The impropriation was granted by Queen Elizabeth 
 about 1 561 to Bishop Cox, in exchange for other manors, 
 &C. 
 
 "42 Eliz. 21 Oct. Martin 1 J bp. of Ely (on surrender of 
 a former lease by Wm. Hinde, Esq., of Madingley) leased 
 to Humphrey Gardiner, of Dry Drayton, Gent., all the 
 rectory and parsonage of Stow cum Quy and all manner 
 of houses, barns, glebe lands, meadows, feedings, commons, 
 rents, services, rights, oblations, obventions, and all other 
 profits and hereditaments whatsoever, and also a tenement 
 there called Priest's Chamber . . . at £12 gs. 6d. rent 
 paid quarterly at the palace of Ely."* 
 
 Brian Stapleton, son of Sir William Stapleton, had a 
 manor called Brians in 1419. " Stowquie — M. de Stowquie 
 voc. Brianus cu ptin in Stowquie de comit |?d |> qd sine ign." 
 — 7 Henry V. 
 
 * Bp. Heton's register. 
 
164 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 In 1463, 1 Mar. Sir John Ansty, lord of Holm Hall, had 
 a chantry dedicated to S. Anne, called Ansty's chantry. 
 
 Sir Thomas Engaine, mentioned before as lord of the 
 second manor, married Catharine daughter of the Earl 
 of Devonshire, but died sine prole 1367. His sisters were 
 his heirs : Joyce married to Sir John de Goldington ; Eliza- 
 beth, wife of Sir Lawrence Pakenham ; and Mary, wife of 
 Sir William Bernack. 
 
 The following extracts are taken from the register of 
 Bishop Arundel, 1375 — "Willus Hulent de Stowe juxta 
 Quye, Waltus ffolere, Henr Kymon, Robtus Newmande 
 ead civitati ad Instancia Dm Johls Capelli celebrantis in 
 ecclia de Stow sup injusta subtracc5e salarii sui pro ipsius 
 Lahore eis impeus vidlt 40^." 
 
 There was some special guild at Quy which is mentioned 
 in several documents, and in the register, quoted above, 
 thus — "Alanus Bird de Quye civitatus ad instantiam 
 Willi Hubert Waltl ffoulere, Henrici Kymon, Robtl Hurt 
 de Stowe, Fratrum gilde oium scor de Stowe in causa Fidei 
 Lesionis seu perjurii." 
 
 " In causa Fidei Lesionis seu pjurii int Willm Hubert 
 (the rest as before) Confres gilde oium scor de Stowe ex 
 una pte et Alanu Bird de Quye &c." 
 
 By Bishop Gray's register we find " 1457, 6 Oct. Willus 
 prior et conventus Elien constituunt procuratoru (et dicunt 
 qd Rex Henricus concessit Advocationem sive patronatum 
 ecclie pochialis de Stowequey Priori et conventui de Berne- 
 welle ea Intentione dcai Prioratui appropriaretur) ad com- 
 parandu cora dcam eccliam dco prioratui inppetum." 
 
 Escheats to the Crown from a MS. in Trin. Coll. Library 
 — " Stowquie — Saffrcy Johcs Rcbett ten 5 acr tr in 
 Stowquic val \\s. id. Un toftu et 10 acr tr in Wimple val 
 5j."— 6 Rich. II. 
 
Quy. 165 
 
 " Stowquie. — Trayley Johanna ux JohTs Chr ten 3 ptcm 
 un messuagii in Stowqui, fishouse . . ." — Hen. VI. 
 
 " Stowquie, Longmeadow et Lodestreet ac C. Mess. &c. 
 in C. p vie. x ptis un feod mil £64." — Edvv. VI. 
 
 " Stow Ter et Tent in Stow de Symon Wiseman de m. 
 suo ibm p fid et 6d. redd." — ditto. 
 
 Cfrc Cfjurcb. 
 
 S. Mary's Quy is a small church, chiefly of the Decorated 
 period. It consists of chancel, nave, north and south 
 aisles, and west tower. The whole church is in a more or 
 less dilapidated state, and requires much restoration. 
 
 Taking the interior : — The chancel has a good three-light 
 Decorated cast window of fair design. On the north and 
 south sides are two Decorated windows of two lights each, 
 and of similar character to the east window. The Perpen- 
 dicular rood-screen remains, and is of five compartments, 
 the top part restored, and a small cross added : some of the 
 crockets of the central door are gone. The altar is at its 
 original elevation, and is raised on four steps. The roof 
 unfortunately is modern, the existing one being of plaster, 
 which perhaps conceals the old one, if it still exists. 
 
 The nave has four bays on either side, Early English and 
 good. The piers are composed of four engaged shafts, with 
 good moulded caps. The arches are plainly chamfered. 
 Between each of the four shafts of the piers, is a triangular 
 member or moulding, which was intended for carving into 
 dog-tooth ornament, as in two piers on the south side, 
 where there are a few of the teeth cut, the rest being left 
 plain. The clerestory is a Perpendicular addition, having 
 four two-light windows on either side. There is a good 
 nave roof of the same date, having four main compartments, 
 
66 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 and plain corbels. The second pier on the north side has 
 been plastered up into a square form. Some old but poor 
 benches remain ; and they seem as if painting and graining 
 had been applied. 
 
 At the east end of the aisles there is a slight projection 
 of the plan north and south, forming quasi-transepts or 
 chantries. The north one is Perpendicular, and has a good 
 three-light window, with a cross-transom in the head. 
 Here also there are some modern tombs to the Martins of 
 Quy Hall. 
 
 The north side has a Decorated door in the middle, and 
 a two-light Decorated window on either side, of good 
 character, the westernmost being of curious design, having 
 a triangular head with many cusps. The aisle roof is good 
 Perpendicular, but is in a bad state, and plastered up like 
 the chancel, towards the east end. The south aisle is 
 similar, but has had one of its original windows replaced 
 by a Perpendicular example — the windows in both aisles 
 are for the most part restored. 
 
 The tower-arch is Decorated, and there is a simple west 
 window of the same date, and a little door leading up 
 to the belfry, in the north-west corner. The interior of 
 this church is in a very bad state, the aisles being blocked 
 up with frightful box-pews. The font is plain octagonal 
 Perpendicular, with shields in the sides (no arms) between 
 octofoils. The corbels of the aisle roofs are entirely gone. 
 
 The chief monumental remain of interest is the curious 
 brass to John Ansty, Esq., c. 1465. This represents him 
 and his wife (effigy now lost) and sixteen children. He is 
 attired in the armour of the period, having the newly-intro- 
 duced gorget or collar of plate round the throat, and the 
 mentonniere which met the visor when lowered. The 
 pauldrons or shoulder-pieces have peculiar projecting ridges, 
 
 ! 
 
Quy. 1 6 7 
 
 and the coutcs or elbow-pieces are of curious design. His 
 
 sword, which has a very large hilt, is slung round in front, 
 
 being suspended from the waist by a strap and ornamental 
 
 buckle. Below are his sixteen children, twelve sons and 
 
 four daughters, all kneeling with clasped hands in the usual 
 
 manner, the sons each bearing on his surcoat or tabard the 
 
 arms of Ansty — a cross engr. between four martlets. There 
 
 is now but little of the original inscription left, but formerly 
 
 the following one was engraved on the marginal pieces of 
 
 brass — 
 
 Crate pro aiabuc Jobis 3nfitrj 3tmiccn 
 
 quonUam Dni ictius Cltllc ac primi 
 
 JFuntiatoris (£antaric) toocat' Snotpee 
 
 v£bauntr£ et Jobanne^onoortto cue Cm 
 
 gDuitjem Jobco obttt pcnultimo nie ftlcnmjs 
 
 ffefaruarii anno Dni . . . 
 
 This brass is a very good specimen of the period to which 
 it belongs. There is also a 17th-century oval brass plate, 
 with the arms — a chevron between three crosses fleury ; also 
 an inscription in brass to Edward Stern, 1641. There is 
 a large wooden chest, well bound with iron, lying in the 
 south aisle. 
 
 Formerly the following coats were emblazoned in the 
 different windows : — 
 
 1. Az. a fess dancette between three escallops arg. — for 
 Engaine ; impaling arg. three lozenges gu. 
 
 2. Arg. a bear ramp. sab. muzzled or, marked with an 
 annulet. — Barnard. 
 
 There are also some 17th-century slabs to the Lawrence 
 family. The chancel has been altered from its original size, 
 and it appears to have been done by Thomas Martyn, Esq., 
 lord of the manor, about 1740, who pulled it down and 
 re-erected it on a much smaller scale. 
 
 The exterior will require a few remarks. Externally the 
 
1 68 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 walls are surmounted by brick parapets, doubly embattled, 
 but this of a comparatively modern date. The whole tower 
 is much plastered about, but the chancel has been restored 
 in flint work, the rest of the fabric being of stone. The door 
 in the north aisle is good, and has pretty jamb-shafts.* 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1 340. Thomas de Paxton. 
 
 1376. Dns Johes, capellanus. 
 
 Dns Thomas, rector. 
 
 Dns Willmus Sigar de Stanton. 
 
 1 380. Dns Johes Elys, capellanus poch de Stowe cum Quye. 
 
 Dns Reginaldus Baker, capellanus de Quye. 
 
 1 38 1. Dns Thomas de Carlton, rector de Stowe cum Quye. 
 
 Dns Johes Squyger, rector de Stowe cum Quye. 
 
 Dns Thomas Hervey. 
 
 John Eyr, July n. Resig. T. Hervey pro Papworth. 
 
 1444. John Stokys. 
 
 1452. Richard Burton, Sep. 6. 
 
 1456. William Malstar, April 5. 
 
 1457. Ecclia appropriata prior de Bernewelle. 
 
 William Pickle. 
 
 John Smith. 
 
 1539. Edward Robynson, curate. 
 
 William Long. 
 
 Binless. 
 
 1 561. Rectoria de Stowe cu Quye est in manib et 
 possessione dm EpI. Dns Johes Dyxie, curatus 
 ibm. R. Smith lector ibm.f 
 
 168 1. Philip Turner, M.A., 13 June. 
 
 * Since the architectural account of this church was written, the fabric has 
 undergone complete restoration. 
 
 t 15k. of Acts of lip. Cox's visitation. 
 
Quy. 169 
 
 1687. George Stanhope, M.A., 19 July. 
 
 1688. Peter Nourse, M.A., 19 Nov. 
 
 1692. Charles Ashton, M.A., fellow of Queen's Coll., 
 
 17 June. 
 1699. Francis Bedford, S.T.B., 4 June. 
 1 70 1. Joan Warren, S.T.B. 
 
 1704. Timothcus Bristowe, M.A., fellow of Sidney Coll. 
 1708. Richard Laughton, M.A., 6 Jan. 
 
 17 1 6. Mapletoft. 
 
 1720. Thomas Herring, M.A., fellow of Corpus Coll. 
 
 Cott, of Benet Coll., promoted to the rectory 
 
 of Gt Braxtcd, Essex. 
 
 Temple, M.A., appointed by the Bishop of 
 
 Ely perpetual curate in his stead.* 
 
 1770. Edward Bet ham. 
 
 Baldwin, fellow of S. Peter's Coll. 
 
 1825. E. Ventris. 
 
 Chaplains of the Chantry of S. Nicholas. 
 
 1340. Andrew de Northrcvele, May 18. 
 1349. John Curtyn, Aug. 10. 
 1539. Ottewcll Chambre. 
 
 In Mancrio de Holme Hall in Stow. 
 
 1450. John Ansty fundat cantariam in capclla S. Anne. 
 1476. Robert Fenner, Feb. 3. 
 
 John Kerne. 
 
 1464. William Jakys, Jan. 4. 
 
 William Stephyn. 
 
 1490. Thomas Gebon, M.A., Jan. 1. 
 
 1499. Simon Kyng, Feb. 8, obiit Thos. Gebon. 
 
 1521. George Lee, Feb. 7. 
 
 * ' Camb. Chron.' Mar. 19, 1763. 
 
170 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 " Stow cum Qui, vicarage, S. Mary — Valet in regiis libris 
 £31. ijs. 6d. Solvit Decimas . Procur' 2s. 6d." 
 
 1 290-1. "Ecclia de Stowe taxatur ad^io." 
 
 1291. "Ecclia de Stowe in decanatu de Wiberetia, 
 taxatur ad ^j-^ Decimatur 16s." 
 
 In the register the name of John Sterne appears among 
 the baptisms, June 6, 1549, and the same name occurs 
 almost continuously up till 1 587. The name of Ventris also 
 occurs very frequently. In 1595, June 27, the entry is 
 Thomas Hildersham. 
 
 CJjestnton* 
 
 HESTERTON is situated on the river Cam, 
 about 1 mile east of Cambridge, in the deanery 
 and hundred named after it. The rural dean of 
 Chesterton deanery, of which this is the prin- 
 cipal town, had an authentic seal of his deanery in 1294. 
 According to Blomefield, in 1 154 everyone that kept a fire 
 here was bound to pay a farthing to S. Peter's altar in Ely 
 Cathedral by the name of "Ely Farthings ;" and the fourth 
 farthing arising from this town and that of Grantchester, 
 originally given to Ely by the King when lord of both these 
 towns, used to be paid to the Castle of Norwich by the 
 name of Ely Wardpenny. The item " Den Scl Petri " will 
 be found in various places in this volume. 
 
 Cbe a^anor. 
 
 The lands which had been part of the ancient property of 
 the Crown were given to Barnwell priory by king John in 
 the first year of his reign. The prior had a grange here 
 
Chesterton. 1 7 1 
 
 and a prison. By the general inquisition of Nomina 
 Villarum he was found lord of the manor. Walter de 
 Trailey gave to the priory, amongst other things, ^2s. 
 
 12 capons rent in Chesterton, valued at late Henry de 
 
 Bokesworth. — (31 Edw. I.) 
 
 " Dns Rex habet Cestretone Lib Warren qd rex Johcs 
 primo pcepit ct incepit ad castellum Cantebr et extend it p 
 Pagiam viam usq ad pontum voc Sirebridge, et de Sirebrid^e 
 usq Westwick Bridge, et sic p villa de Rampton usq 
 Bellassise et hide ad magnam ripam ct se cont usq Sobasse 
 Lode et ab inde p magnam ripam usq pontcm Cantebr." 
 
 The abbot and convent of S. Andrew Vercellis, by 
 compositions between them and the first vicar of Chesterton, 
 gave to the latter a certain piece of ground to build a house 
 upon, and 18 acres and a rood of arable land to be free 
 from the service of their court. 
 
 William de Vesey, son of Agnes de Vesey, held a manor 
 of one carucate of land here, of the Earls of Gloucester, by 
 the service of half a knight's-fec. — (18 Edw. I.) 
 
 Edward Thorpe, Kt, and Johan his wife, late wife of 
 Roger Scales, Kt., was assigned for the dower of Robert 
 Scales, 57 acres of land and 3 acres of meadow in Chester- 
 ton, valued at 60s., and 8 acres of meadow in Rampton. 
 —(11 Ric. II.) 
 
 Thomas Cooke, son of Wm. Cooke, Esq., held 8 messuages, 
 6 cottages, 6 tofts, 10 gardens, 100 acres of land, 20 acres 
 of meadow, 40 acres of pasture, and 20J. rent in Chesterton 
 and Cambridge, purchased of Thomas Lovell, Esq., whereof 
 part is holden of Richard Brakin, Esq., part of the manor 
 of Cambridge by the residue late of John Battisford's, Esq., 
 of Trin. Coll. of their manor there called the Parsonage 
 Manor.* — (1 Mary.) 
 
 * This manor now belongs to Trinity College. 
 
172. Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Robert Ellis, son of Edward Ellis, Esq., held the manor 
 called Chesterton Ferrey, with the appurtenances in 
 Chesterton, Barnwell, and Cambridge. — (38 Eliz.) 
 
 " Edward Battisford, son of John Battisford, held a 
 tenement called Avenells and 3 acres of land in Chesterton, 
 and one other tenement called Avenells with a croft of 27 
 acres of land, late Thomas', the son of John Knight, and 
 100 acres of land late Gilbert Thurgard's 160 acres of land 
 called Chasteletts, &c, part holden of the manor of 
 Chesterton, part of the manor of Barnwell there, and part 
 with 4 XX acres of land of the rectory of Chesterton, all of 
 which lands descended to John Battisford, grandchild of the 
 said Edward, and father of John Battisford of Chesterton, 
 who had issue Elizabeth, his only daughter and heir." — 
 (1 Chas. I.) 
 
 At the Reformation the principal manor seems to have 
 been granted to one of the family of Brakin, who died 
 seised of it in 1545. The name of Brakin is connected with 
 the manor till about 1629. In 1632 Lady Jermyn had it, 
 and it then went into the possession of the family of Rant, 
 and at the beginning of the present century, John Rant 
 Benson, Esq., was lord here. 
 
 Reverting to the earlier history of the manor, the prior of 
 Barnwell held this village in free farm of the King, and he 
 had in demesnes xvi xx acres, and vi acres, and rent of assize 
 to the amonnt of £\2, and also "furcas et tumbrella." 
 Those that have these instruments of punishment " regalem 
 potestatem habent, et qui tales libertates habent, habebunt 
 prisonam suam de talibus (et furcas) quia possunt talcs in 
 curia sua judicare." * "There were some also that had 
 liberty of Soc and Sac, Thol and Them, Infrangethcese 
 and Outfrangetheese ; these in their own court may give 
 
 * Quoted by Cole, who docs not state whence it is taken. 
 
Chester toil. 173 
 
 judgement of those found in their liberties possessed of any 
 manifest Theest." * 
 
 " Tumbrellum is an engine of punishment which ought to 
 be in every liberty that hath view of frank pledge, for the 
 conversion of skowldes and unquiett women, vulgarlie called 
 chucking stooles, but these tumbrells, as you may read in 
 our ancient statutes, were also ordained for the punishment 
 of brewers breaking the assize." t 
 
 King Richard II. gave £5 per ann. out of the manor of 
 Chesterton instead of the same amount before received out 
 of the Exchequer, and added £jo per ann. out of the 
 pensions of Scotch abbeys. 
 
 " Idem prior de Bernewelle feoffavit Laurenciu de Little- 
 bury p cartam de 61 acris Prati de Dnlcis p dels p serviciu 
 2s. per ann." — (Rot. Hundr. 9 Edw. 1.) 
 
 " Willmus Davy utligatus tenuit die utligat in jure Agii 
 ux una acram et una rodam terras in Chesterton de prior de 
 Bernewelle."— (18 Rich. II.) 
 
 The following refers to Chesterton. — " 164S. 1 July. 
 Resolved that this house doth accept of the sum of £280 
 for the delinquency of Thomas Story of Chesterton, in the 
 county of Cambridge, Gent., his offence that he was in arms 
 against the Parliament. He rendered since Dec. 1645, his 
 estate in fee per ann. ^"92 2s. id. — for 16 years to come per 
 ann. .£11 3s. \d. — out of which issues ^30 per ann. for one 
 life, and £100 per ann. for 13 years, which leaves his fine 
 at a 6th, £2 So. "J 
 
 In 1676 there were 160 inhabitants, "no recusants, and 15 
 dissenters." 
 
 There were three guilds connected with this church, the 
 Resurrection, S. Catharine's, and S. Anne's guilds. In 1504 
 
 * Stats. 51 Hen. III. t Statute of Assize. 
 
 J ' Journal of House of Commons,' vol. 5, p. 619. 
 
174 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Joan Boxford was buried in Our Ladies Chapel, and gave 
 a legacy to the Corpus Christi or Resurrection guild. 
 
 At Chesterton was an ancient fortified house, which seems 
 to have been built by the Abbot of Vercellis. It was con- 
 structed so as to be capable of standing a siege, and matters 
 were so arranged that if the enemy succeeded in reaching 
 the top, it was impossible, without great loss of life, to get 
 into the strong room, the only entrance to which being by 
 a spiral staircase, easily defended by two pikemen. The 
 archers, by means of arrow-slips could command the draw- 
 bridge, so that the garrison were safe while provisions lasted, 
 and then, if the drawbridge were not destroyed, there was 
 a means of retreat. 
 
 The most interesting portion of this fortified house, the 
 strong-room, still exists, showing in the interior what is to 
 all appearance a well. The building is massively constructed 
 of stone, and has a castle-like appearance. 
 
 C6e Cimrcfj. 
 
 The church of S. Andrew is a large and interesting struc- 
 ture standing close to the river, in a picturesque position, its 
 spire being a conspicuous object for some distance round. 
 Its chief features belong to the Decorated period, but 
 there are a great many Perpendicular additions. It has 
 the usual portions of chancel, nave, north and south aisles 
 and west tower, which last is surmounted by a spire. 
 
 Taking the interior — the east window is a large Perpen- 
 dicular specimen of five lights, and has been lately restored. 
 On the north and south sides there are two three-light Per- 
 pendicular windows, which have also been restored. There 
 is a very late Perpendicular piscina and sedilia, which how- 
 ever are good of their kind, the latter having a multitude of 
 
Chesterton. 1 75 
 
 cusps characteristic of late work, and also the compara- 
 tively unusual feature of a groined canopy. The roof has 
 been a good plain 15th-century one, and has some well 
 carved heads and knots of foliage, but the whole has been 
 injured by painting and graining. It is supported on good 
 corbels having embattled abaci or top mouldings. On 
 the north side there are two small doors, one of which 
 leads into the vestry. The original stalls have unfor- 
 tunately disappeared, the present chancel fittings being 
 of a very wretched type. The chancel-arch is Perpen- 
 dicular and has large octagonal piers in the jambs. There 
 are the remains of a late screen, which has lost much 
 of its original design, and has been further damaged by 
 painting. 
 
 The nave has seven Decorated bays each side, having 
 octagonal piers and well-moulded caps and bases. The 
 arches are small, though the whole effect of the arcade is 
 decidedly good. There is a Perpendicular clerestory of 
 seven plain three -light windows of the usual type. The 
 roof is plain Perpendicular of seven compartments, and is 
 high-pitched and supported on excellent small corbels of 
 stone, representing angels' heads, above which is an em- 
 battled abacus. 
 
 Two of these bear coats of arms — a pale between two 
 lions ramp., and a fess between three martlets. These 
 corbels are Decorated, though a later roof has been raised 
 upon them. There are many remains of frescoes in the 
 nave, in the spandrels between the arches, and elsewhere, 
 one over the chancel-arch being the most distinguishable, 
 seeming to be a representation of the Last Judgment, and 
 probably a 15th century production. There are also the 
 remains of some Jacobian wall-painting, but the subjects 
 are not very definable. 
 
 M 
 
lj6 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The north aisle is lighted by five three-light Perpendicular 
 windows with square heads, the eastern one being now 
 blocked up. There is a plain sepulchral recess in the wall, 
 now destitute of any figure or coffin. There is a very good 
 series of decorated corbels, similar to those in the nave. 
 The roof is modern. 
 
 The south aisle has also fine late windows, the east and 
 west ones being very plain. Here also there are some 
 finely-carved corbels supporting the old flat roof, which 
 has been patched with newer work. In the church there 
 are some very good old chestnut benches, having richly 
 carved standards, and animals and birds, &c, on the arms. 
 These are all more or less damaged, but have once been 
 excellent. 
 
 The tower-arch is fine richly-moulded Decorated, rising 
 on either side from three engaged shafts having large 
 moulded caps. The whole of this composition is very good 
 but unfortunately it is almost entirely hidden by a wooder 
 boarding, in front of which stands the organ. There is a 
 turret staircase leading up into the belfry, the base of which 
 is corbelled out in a peculiar manner, half the turret shewing 
 on the inside and half on the out. The bells are old, and 
 bear the following interesting inscriptions : — 
 
 Sonoro 0ono meo sono Heo. 
 
 (Soti sate tfje Cljurcf). 
 
 Domine cantabo lautics tuas. 
 
 Jl5on 0ono animabus mortuorum, set) bitcntium. 
 
 This church was no doubt originally Decorated through- 
 out, but was altered in Perpendicular times by considerable 
 additions. There is the original Decorated string under 
 the windows of the south aisle, and, as mentioned before, 
 the corbels throughout the building, those in the south 
 
Chesterton. 177 
 
 aisle representing grotesque heads, men making faces, and 
 others playing on various musical instruments, all very good. 
 
 The above description will suffice for the interior, which 
 now is very destitute of ornament or fittings ; neither is there 
 any stained glass. But this scarcity of adjuncts is no doubt 
 due to the sacrilege committed by Dowsing ; for we find the 
 following entry in his diary : — " 6 February at Chestcr- 
 feield we gave order to take down 14 crosses on the steeple 
 and 2 on the porch, we broke down 40 superstitious pictures, 
 and gave orders to take down 50 more at least, and to level 
 the steps in the chancel." The altar now stands on only 
 one step. 
 
 No doubt the mural paintings came into the category of 
 "superstitious pictures" (in which term were included 
 painted glass and figure decoration generally), and this 
 will account for their present state of dilapidation. 
 
 Cole mentions " 12 handsome old stalls on each side of 
 the chancel," but these do not now exist. 
 
 In the south aisle was lately a high tomb to Richard Brakin, 
 Esq., with the following arms cut in a panel in front : — 
 A fess cheque between three lozenges, each charged with a 
 martlet. He was father of Francis Brakin, recorder of the 
 county in 1619. There were also some pieces of armour 
 hung up near the tomb, many years ago, which are now 
 gone, and which may have played a part in the funeral 
 procession of the deceased. 
 
 In the churchyard and elsewhere are several curious old 
 coffin slabs of stone, each ornamented with a floriated cross, 
 and all of different design.* When Cole was at Chesterton 
 he found several of them built up in the churchyard wall, 
 and made the following remarks, which we think interesting 
 enough to transcribe here : — " How they came hither may 
 
 * Some of them are engraved in Cutts' ' Sepulchral Slabs and Crosses.' 
 
 M 2 
 
178 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 perhaps be explained by Mr. Drake in his ' Eboracum,' 
 whose natural zeal and boldness in telling truth, notwith- 
 standing the certain imputation of being called a Papist for 
 it, was superior to the fears of offending his contemporaries. 
 He is mentioning the mischief that followed Henry VIII.'s 
 reformation, where even Heylyn is a Puritan in respect to 
 him. But truth was Mr. Drake's divinity. Dr. Heylyn had 
 a race of Presbyterians in view with their errors in the 
 Established Church, which made him more reserved. No 
 sooner was the word given here (at York), ' Sic volo sic 
 jubeo,' but down fell the monasteries, the hospitals, chapels, 
 and priories in this city, and with them, for company I 
 suppose, fell 18 parish churches, the materials and revenues 
 of all converted to secular uses. It is shocking to think 
 how far these depredations were carried, for not content 
 with what they could find above ground, they dug open 
 vaults and graves in search for imaginary treasure, tossed 
 the bones out of the stone coffins and made use of them for 
 hog troughs, while the tops went to the covering of some 
 old wall, of which many a one about this city doth yet bear 
 testimony. A piece of such inhumanity as I believe the 
 most savage nation in the world would not have been 
 guilty of. For the lucre of half a pound of brass they 
 would deface the most memorable inscription, and carried 
 their zeal so far against mass-books, missals and the like, 
 that with them were destroyed many of our English His- 
 torians. In short we should not have had one of these 
 venerable remains of our forefathers' actions perhaps at this 
 day left us, if an Act of Parliament in the beginning of 
 Queen Elizabeth had not put a stop to these violent 
 proceedings."* 
 
 * This proclamation narrates how " Sundrie people, partly ignorant, partly 
 malicious or covetous," had despoiled the monuments, &c, in our churches, 
 
Chesterton. 179 
 
 The exterior will now require some description. The 
 tower is Decorated, having good two-light windows in the 
 faces of the top stage, and a battlemented parapet. The 
 whole is surmounted by a good octagonal spire, pierced 
 with little dormer lights. There is a very excellent north 
 porch, Perpendicular, and having good bold buttresses. The 
 sides are lighted by windows, and there seems to have 
 originally been an upper story or parvice, which, however, 
 has now disappeared. 
 
 The parapets throughout the fabric are embattled, and 
 the strings are here and there relieved by some good 
 grotesque gurgoylcs. In the south aisle there is a plain 
 door. The chancel has been much plastered about, and 
 requires restoration. On the whole this church presents a 
 very interesting exterior, which would be improved by 
 restoration and the renovation of the north porch. 
 
 There are no monumental remains of any antiquity save 
 the coffin slabs noticed before. There was a slab put up 
 by Grace Percy " at the Castle in the butcher market at 
 Cambridge" to the memory of her husband, William, on 
 which is stated : " He was born at Morpeth in Cheshire, and 
 died March 1, 1762, aged 70." Cole funnily makes the 
 following remark upon this inscription : " Mrs. Grace Percy 
 was a little out in her topography when she placed her 
 husband's nativity in Cheshire, Morpeth being in Northum- 
 berland. Perhaps she had drunk a pot too much when she 
 composed this epitaph." 
 
 He also states that when he was at Chesterton the altar 
 
 " by which meanes not onely the churches remaine at this present day spoiled, 
 broken and ruinated, to the offence of all noble and gentle hearts, and the 
 extinguishing of the honorable and good memory of sundry vertuous and noble 
 families deceased, but also the true understanding of divers families in this 
 realme is thereby so darkened as the true course of their inheritance may be 
 hereafter interrupted." — Fuller, ' Ch. Hist.' 
 
180 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 was covered by " a handsome purple cloth, elegantly 
 fringed, and under it I observed an older, which certainly 
 was one of the old palls for funerals, it being of white silk 
 damask, embroidered at each corner with a large cross, and 
 the whole larmoye, or all over sprinkled with tears or drops 
 of red velvet set in or upon the damask, and was formerly 
 very handsome." This was probably a specimen of ancient 
 work, as Cole surmises.* 
 
 " Chesterton vicarage — S. Andrew. 
 
 "Valet in regiis libris^io 2s. 3%d." 
 
 1291. "Ecclia de Cestretone taxatur ad ^ rm Deci- 
 matur^3 6s. 8d. Portio prions de Swavest in ead £1 i^s.^d. 
 Bona prioris de Bernewelle in Cestretone taxantur ad 
 £17 $s. 2d." 
 
 1346. " Valet 100 marc." 
 
 The register begins in 1564. Among the baptisms the 
 name of Berresford occurs very frequently. In 1622 there 
 is an entry, " Robert, son of John Thorold, Gent." 
 
 "The rectory of Chesterton was annexed to King's Hall 
 in 1440 (18 Hen. VI.) by Pope Eugenius IV. at the request 
 of the said King, which before had been appropriate to the 
 foreign abbey of Verceil, notwithstanding that it had been 
 given by Pope Martin V. to William, Bishop of Milan, yet 
 Eugenius deprived him of it for his partiality at the council 
 of Basil, now transferred to Ferrara, and for his adhering 
 to Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, elected Pope under the title 
 of Felix V., for which he was deprived of his see of Milan."t 
 
 " Ecclia de Chesterton appropriata At)b de Vercclleu in 
 Lumbardia, est ibi vicarius. Solvit pro synod 2s. ^d. Pro- 
 cur' iSd. Den Scl Petri i6d. Ornamenta sunt haec," &c. 
 
 * In Kerr. Collect., 6730, Brit. Mus., is a pencil drawing of a curious coffin 
 slab, in No. 6768 is a sketch of the steeple window, and in another vol. a sketch 
 f the north door, 
 f Tarker's ' Skeletas Cantab.' 
 
Chestcrtoti. 181 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 Stephanus Rampton capellanus, first vicar. 
 1349. Richard de Westlee, June 16. 
 1389. Sir William Burewelle — resigned. 
 
 John Granby — presented by Andrew de Alice, 
 
 canon of the monastery of S. Andrew of Verccllis, 
 Lombardy. 
 
 1399. John Merchaunt — by exchange with John Granby, 
 alias Loret, who went to Swafeld, Lincoln. 
 
 1407. Robert Woolston — by exchange with John Mer- 
 chaunt, who went to Thurgarten in Norfolk. He 
 was presented by the prior of Barnwell. 
 
 1450. Ecclesia appropriata Aulae Regis. 
 
 John Goold. 
 
 1468. Thomas Baro, LL.B., presented by John Gunthorp, 
 
 Master of King's Hall. 
 1472. Thomas Turpyn, Jan. 18. 
 1 49 1. Robert Frank, Jan. 25. 
 15 18. Jacob Nicholson. 
 1528. Jeflfry Blith, Master of King's Hall. 
 1534. Thomas Blith, S.T.B., July 21. 
 1557. John Moody. 
 1564. John Todd, Feb. 6. 
 1566. Robert West, Oct. 28. 
 1 57 1. Lucian Gylpin, Aug. 21. 
 1 573. John Hanson, Mar. 24. 
 1579. Mart. Williams, Mar. 11. 
 
 1587. Hamton. 
 
 1592. Dr. Edmund Battie. 
 
 1596. Samuel Heron. 
 
 1599. Francis Savage. 
 
 1 60 1. Thomas Furth, Nov. 24. 
 
fSi Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 John Chapman. 
 
 1627. Dr. Topham — dean of Lincoln, 1630. 
 
 1 66 1. Theodosian Crosfield. 
 
 1687. Patric Cock. 
 
 1689. George Modd. 
 
 1693. Dr. Edmund Bathhurst. 
 
 1696. Thomas Smith. 
 
 Barwell. 
 
 1722. John Craister, D.D. 
 1728. Dr. Richard Walker. 
 1747. John Wilson. 
 
 Moore Meredith. 
 
 1836. E. A. Smedley. 
 
 1874. S.E. Perry. 
 
 "Inter 1154 et 1188 tempe regis Hen. II. compositio 
 inter abbat et canonicis Scl Andne de Vercellis in Lom- 
 bardia rcctoris scl Andrae de Cestretone et prim vicar 
 ecclial de Cestretone." 
 
 IV 
 
 hundred of Thriplow. 
 
 This village lies 9 miles south-west of Cambridge, in the 
 
 Cfjc manors. 
 
 There seems originally to have been three manors in 
 Foxton, held respectively by the abbess of Chatteris, Con- 
 stantine dc Mortimer, and William de la Hcye. The 
 principal one of these three was held by the convent till 
 the Dissolution, when Sir Ralph Warren, Kt, purchased it 
 from the Crown by the name of " Foxton bury." After 
 passing into his hands it seems to have been held succes- 
 

 Fox ton. 183 
 
 sively by members of the families of Hatton, Mitchell, and 
 Parker, and in 1786 we find that Richard Bendyshe was 
 lord of the manor. 
 
 In the time of Henry III. the abbess held in Foxton the 
 fourth part of a knight's-fee, and for their suit at the county 
 paid $s. and a quarter of wheat. By the hundred roll she 
 is said to hold in demesne in Foxton 300 acres of arable 
 land, 32 acres of meadow, and 15 acres of pasture in pure 
 alms of the Bishop of Ely, but of whom the bishop holds, 
 non extitit memoria. 
 
 William de Mortimer of Kingston, died seised of the 
 manor of Kingston 25 Edward L, and Constantino his son 
 (12 Edward III.) "had charter of free warren, inter alia, in 
 his lordships of Kingston and Foxton in com. Cantab."* 
 
 The first Mortimer mentioned in old records is William 
 de Mortimer or Mortuomari, who held in Foxton half a 
 knight's-fee of Simon de Furnris by the service of ^s. per 
 ann. and scutagc when it happened. Simon held of the 
 Earl of Brittain, and he of the king in capite. Constantine 
 his son, Kt., held this manor in the 9th Edw. II., and by 
 inquisitions then held is found to be lord of the village and 
 to have a grant of free warren in his manors of Kingston 
 and Foxton in Cambs., and in Attleborough and other 
 manors in Norfolk. Thomas Mortimer, a grandson of 
 William Mortimer, had issue two daughters and co-heiresses 
 — Cecelie, married first to John Ratclife, Kt., from whom 
 are descended the Earls of Sussex ; secondly, to John 
 
 Harling, of , Norfolk, from whom comes Lord Scrope of 
 
 Bolton. Margery, the other daughter, married Sir John Fitz- 
 Ralph, from whom is descended the Fitz-Ralph Cham- 
 berlaine, a name connected with Kingston-wood in the 
 county. 
 
 John Ratclife held this manor of Foxton, in right of his 
 
 * Dugdale's ' Baronage.' 
 
184 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 wife Cecelie, for life, as appears by an inquisition taken 
 6 Hen. VI. 
 
 The manor belonging to William de la Heye was subse- 
 quently divided and called by the names of Dockura and 
 Wimbish after their respective owners. It continued in 
 these families for some six generations, when Margaret, 
 daughter of William de la Heye, bought it and others in 
 Shepreth for John Dengayne, her husband. William de la 
 Heye, the third of this family in Foxton, held 160 acres of 
 land, 19 acres of meadow, and 3 acres of pasture. 
 
 King Henry II. granted to John de [la Heye a fair in his 
 manor of Foxton, and Edward III. renewed the grant with 
 augmentation, e.g., a market and two fairs. The market 
 has long been discontinued, but the fairs were in existence 
 not long ago. 
 
 John Dengayne, Kt, and Margaret de la Heye had issue 
 two daughters and heiresses : Joan, married to Sir Baldwin 
 S. George, Kt., and Maria, the wife of Win, Blitton, of Lincoln, 
 Esq. Joan's moiety descended into the family of Dockura. 
 
 The moiety of Wm. Blitton appears by a deed (1 Hen. VI.) 
 to have been granted by him to John Wimbish and Marjery 
 his wife, who was their daughter. It continued in the 
 Wimbish family for some generations, and was called the 
 manor of Wimbish, in Foxton, when in the later part of 
 the reign of Henry VIII. it came into possession of Francis 
 Norton, of Norton, Lincolnshire, and he sold it. It was 
 then divided into three parts, of which Sir Toby Palavicini 
 had the royalty called Foxton-Wimbish, the Wilbores the 
 second part, and the family of Campion the third. 
 
 These Mortimers were a Norfolk family, living at Attle- 
 borough, in that county, in Edward I.'s time. From them 
 this manor descended to the families of Radcliffe, Harlyng, 
 Chambcrlayne, and Scrope of Bolton. 
 
 Reverting again to the manor of Foxton-bury, Richard, 
 
Fox ton. 185 
 
 son of Sir Ralph Warren, was lord in 22 Eliz., and he left 
 it to Joan, his sister and heir, wife of Sir Henry Cromwell, 
 of Hinchinbrook, Hunts, who gave it in marriage with his 
 daughter to Henry Palavicine. 
 
 The family of Wilbore settled in Foxton for some two 
 centuries. One of them, Phillip Wilbore, had a tomb in the 
 church, with the arms — sab. on a fess between two savage 
 boars pass. arg. a pheon for difference, paled with arg. 
 gutte de sang, two swords in saltaire gu., over all a lion 
 ramp. sab. — for Walter. 
 
 There were two fairs held in the village yearly, one of 
 the Mortimers, and the other of dc la Heye. 
 
 " Foxton in Hundr de Trippelowe. Abbatissa dc 
 Chateriz debet p. 4 pte I militis v s . ct cum quarteriu 
 
 frumenti p secta sua. Ibm Galfir de tenet 1 hidterrde 
 
 honore Richm ct non est geld et non debet sect ncc aux. 
 E. Robti feod com Cant." — Domesday. 
 
 " Bona abbatissae de Chateriz in Foxton valcnt^25 \2s. 2d. 
 1269. 
 
 "Die martis px ante fm Bti Laurentij [Aug] Hugo 
 (sc. de Balesham) miseracoe divina Elyensis eccleske 
 minister humilis salutem. Ecclia de Foxton nrae dioc in 
 qua jus patronatus optmenus Deo et Bta: Etheldredae ct 
 monachis Eliensibs intuitu caritatis concedimus cedente vel 
 deccdente manuele de Bagnaria ejusdem eccliae rectore in 
 usu pprio cum oibs juribs et timentiis convertendam in 
 ppetum et tendam. Statuimus unanimi consensu et 
 voluntate capituli nri Elyensis sub poena inter minacois 
 divini judicij quod oes proventus deal eccliae deductis 
 expensis necessariis et utilibus ac honeribus ordinariis et 
 extraordinariis deal ecclise indictis et supindicendis cum 
 vocaverit cedunt in usu pauperum et infirmorum ad 
 eleemosynariam eccliae nrse Elyensis confiuentium p manu 
 eleemosynarii qui p tempe fuerit in pptum erogandi. Salva 
 
1 86 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 vicaria valoris annui 15 marcaru in porcoe dcae eccliae 
 taxanda et p nos sine cujusdam praesentac5e pptuo con- 
 ferenda. Dat apud Ely sub sigillo. Die et anno ut supra." 
 
 1 27 1. " Conventio facta int priori et gtu Elyen pro- 
 curatores manuelis de Bagneira rectoris eccliae scl Laurentij 
 de Foxton, dcam eccliam, nole del rectoris ad forinam 
 tenentes ex una pte et dnam abbatissam et gtum de 
 Chateriz ex altera qd tria averia caruca DnI prioris et gtur 
 Elien excolentem terra eccliae de Foxtone quam tenent cu 
 avenis carucaru ipsius dnae abbatissae in villa de Foxton 
 ppria et sepali pastura, sicut pasci consueverunt spectantia 
 pascantur ita quod dca tria averia ingrediantur pasturam 
 una cu averiis pdcae abbatissae excepto prato illo quod 
 vocatur Hey dike qd comune est tantum dcae Dnae abba- 
 tissae et Willo de Haye." 
 
 1277. "Robtus archiepus Cantuar totius Angliae Primas 
 in visitacoe sua dioc Elien metropolitica facto A° 1277 
 inspexit et examinavit munimenta et previligia prioris et 
 gtur Elien sup ecclia de Foxton iis appriate et reputans eos 
 super appriacoe et retencoe dcae eccliae esse sufneienter 
 munitas eandem iis metropolitica sua aucte confirmavit 
 p cartam suam sub sigillo dat apud Bernewelle 4 non Jan» 
 A° 1277. Thomas prior et capitulu eccliae xti Cantuarien 
 recitat et gfirmat dcam Robti archiepi die annunc A° 1278 
 ineunte. 
 
 "Johes archiepus ad petitionem prioris et gtus Eliensis 
 post metropoliticam suam Dyaec Norvvyceu visiticoem 
 appriacoem tcae eccliae gfirmat p cartam suam sub sigillo 
 dat apud Lambeth Idus Maij A 1281, et suae consecra- 
 tionis 3 ." 
 
 1279. " Nicolaus III. papa confirmat priori et fratibs 
 ecclesiae Eliensis psentibs et futuris eccliam de Foxton cum 
 ptin suis." 
 
 Escheats to the Crown — (Edw. III.). " Foxton Thrip- 
 
Fox ton. 187 
 
 low Heur ten in fifoxton quinq acr. t. et 3 acr prati de Johe 
 delhaye mil p x vie mil et \\\\s. p. an." 
 
 " Rex concessit Johl de la Haye feriam in foxton et 
 Shepreth." 
 
 C6e C&urcf), 
 
 The church, dedicated to S. Lawrence, is chiefly Early 
 English, and is thus of interest ; it consists of chancel, nave, 
 aisles, and west tower. To begin with the interior — the 
 east window of the chancel consists of three fine Early 
 English lancets, forming a triplet within, but separate 
 without. They are deeply splayed, and united by banded 
 shafts, four in all, each having a single band in the centre. 
 The three lancets are of the same height, and their arches 
 are finely moulded and exhibit the dog-tooth in the hoods. 
 The roof is too low at present, and cuts off the proper view 
 of them, coming down as far as the points of the arches. 
 On the north side, close to the cast wall, is an Early 
 English arched recess, now blocked up, which may once 
 have been a credence, or a window. On the south side is a 
 square recess, which contains two piscinae, now destitute of 
 ornamentation, but which, no doubt, had formerly some 
 tracery over the basins, as seems evident by the outside 
 moulding. The original windows on the north side are 
 gone, and two semi-circular headed 18th-century ones 
 substituted for them, having single wooden mullions running 
 up to the head. The south side has two two-light Decorated 
 windows, the easternmost being plain, the western of good 
 design. 
 
 Some original stall-work, with simple carved ends, remains, 
 as also a good old chest. The present chancel arrangements, 
 as regards the altar, fittings, &c, are of the most miserable 
 and wretched type. 
 
 The roof is exceedingly good Perpendicular of a high 
 
Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 pitch, of four compartments, separated by collars, and 
 having well carved cornices and corbels. It is of similar 
 design to that at Hauxton, only larger. 
 
 There is no chancel-arch remaining, the present substitute 
 being an unsightly wooden framing. The lower part, and 
 mullions of a good Perpendicular rood-screen, remain. The 
 nave has three Early English bays to a side, which are 
 very excellent in character. Each of the piers is 
 formed of four elliptical-shaped engaged shafts, with a rib 
 between them, and they are surmounted by Purbeck caps 
 of a slightly later date. The arches are plainly chamfered. 
 There is a clerestory of four windows to the side, having 
 three lights each ; the two western ones are the original 
 Decorated, the rest being Perpendicular insertions. The 
 roof is a good flat Perpendicular, with knots of carving in 
 the centres of the principals. The original plain seats 
 remain throughout. 
 
 The north aisle has a good Early English door at its 
 western end, with double shafts in the jambs — this door 
 has been restored. Here are two two-light Decorated 
 windows, with finely-moulded and well-designed tracery. 
 
 The east window is a singularly good Early English 
 specimen of three lights ; and it contains some excellent, 
 though fragmentary, remains of 14th-century glass. 
 
 In the south aisle the east window is noticeable three- 
 light Decorated, with reticulated tracery. Here also are 
 two two-light Decorated windows like those opposite. Both 
 aisles have good roofs. 
 
 The tower-arch is Perpendicular, as also the three-light 
 west window, but this portion possesses no particular interest. 
 The font is Early English, but has been very badly restored. 
 The old rood-stairs still remain. 
 
 We will now notice the exterior. The tower is of three 
 stages, and has four two-light Perpendicular windows in the 
 
Foxton. 189 
 
 top stage. The whole church is in a bad state, and needs 
 restoration. The bottom of the chancel wall has been 
 patched with brick, and there are slanting brick supports 
 at the east end. The gurgoyles are of lead. There is a 
 south porch of 18th-century brick-work, with an inner 
 Perpendicular door. At the present time there are no 
 monuments or reliques of interest in the church, but Cole 
 mentions an old stone coffin, which laid in the north aisle, 
 taken from some part of the church or churchyard. 
 
 He also gives the following arms " in ye upper window on 
 the south side of ye church." 
 
 1. Quarterly i. and iv. gu. a lion ramp. arg. 
 
 ii. and iii. arg. three cinquefoils gu. 
 
 2. Quarterly i. and iv. az. a fess dancette between three 
 
 escallops arg. 
 ii. and iii. gu. a lion ramp. arg. 
 
 3. Or, three chevrons gu. — Clare. 
 
 4. Gu. three crowns or. — See of Ely. 
 
 He also mentions " in a window within a chapel on ye 
 north side of ye church 'Thomas de Foxton me fecit.'" 
 In Cole's time there was a proclamation by James II. put 
 up in the church for the curing of the " king's-evil," as also 
 the following by Archbishop Sancroft — 
 
 "all parsons vicars and curates are hereby 
 required to take notice that ye feast of 
 st. matthias is to be celebrated (not upon 
 ye 25 of february, as ye common almanacks 
 boldly and erroneously sit it, but) upon ye 
 24 of february for ever, whether it be 
 leap year or not, as ye calendar in ye 
 liturgie, confirmed by ye act of uniformity 
 appoints and enjoys, 
 given at lambeth house, fee. 5, a.d. 1 683. 
 
 " W. CANT." 
 
190 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Originally there was a slab bearing the following 
 inscription in brass — 
 
 " HERE LYETH THE BODY OF JOHN FULLER WHO 
 
 DEPARTED IN APRILL 1 5 88 WHO MARRIED 
 
 DOROTHY DAUGHTER OF THOMAS CHICHELEY OF 
 
 WIMPOLE ESQ. BY MARYAN HIS SECOND WIFE THE 
 
 DAUGHTER OF HUSSEY OF LINCOLNSHIRE : THE 
 
 WHICH THOMAS CHICHELEY WAS THE SONNE OF 
 
 WILLIAM CHICHELEY AND OF ALICE HIS WIFE 
 
 THE DAUGHTER OF BRUGES GRANDFATHER TO 
 
 THE FIRST LORD CHANDOS \ THE WHICH WILLIAM 
 
 THE SONNE OF HENRY THE SONNE OF JOHN, 
 
 THE SONNE OF WILLIAM WHO WAS BROTHER TO 
 
 HENRY ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY AND ROBERT 
 
 CHICHELEY TWICE MAYOR OF LONDON THE 
 
 SONNES OF THOMAS CHICHELEY OF HIGHAM 
 
 FERRERS."* 
 
 Above were the arms — 
 
 1. Or, a chevron between three cinquefoils gu. for 
 Chicheley, impaling arg. on a cross sab. a leopard's face, 
 or, for Bruges. 
 
 2. Chicheley paled with Hussey — Barry of six, erm. 
 and gu. 
 
 3. Fuller paled with Chicheley. 
 
 4. Gu. a fess cheque or and az. between three lozenges of 
 the second, charged with as many martlets sab. ; quartered 
 with five martlets in cross — for Brakin. 
 
 " At ye top of ye first north window " was " a compleat 
 and neat crucefix but small," there was "a pretty deal 
 of painted glass in ye rest of ye windows, but much 
 broken." 
 
 In the chancel windows were formerly the following 
 coats : — 
 
 * Vide pedigree on p. 38. 
 
Foxton. 1 9 1 
 
 1. Gu. a chevron erm. between three trefoils slipped — for 
 Meade. 
 
 2. Arg. three bars and a canton gu. a crescent sab. for 
 difference. 
 
 Vicars. 
 
 1 27 1. Gamielis, vicarius. 
 
 1377. Dns Thomas, vicarius. 
 1393. William de Lyttington. 
 1404. John Chukwold. 
 1407. Robert Beche. 
 1445. John Baldwin. 
 1456. Gilbert Ebchestre. 
 
 1465. John Rich. 
 
 1466. Indulg. pro repar ccclia. 
 146S. Edmund Haggis. 
 1497. Robert Barton. 
 
 Richard Bryket. 
 
 1539. Robert Wright. 
 1547. John Clarke. 
 1552. John Gray. 
 1554. Robert Holt. 
 
 Reuben Hulse. 
 
 1572. George Ander. 
 
 Henry Brampton. 
 
 1595. Ditto. He was rated for his vicarage, jointly 
 with the vicar of Shepreth to raise 1 pike furnished. 
 
 1663. Stephen Norton. It appears that Bishop Wren 
 grants a warrant to one of this name, to officiate 
 in Foxton church, and to take all profits of the 
 living, and if any refuse to pay him, to certify 
 their names in the Chancellor's Court. Thus 
 it seems that he was instituted. 
 
 N 
 
19 2 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1682. 13 June. Thomas Leech, S. T. B. 
 1691. 20 Feb. William Smith, S. T. B. 
 
 1696. 23 June. William Woodrofife. 
 
 1697. 15 March. Thomas Shikes. Cedente W. Smith. 
 1722. 26 July. Licentia non residendi concessa Thomae 
 
 Shikes proper malam ejus valetudinem, durante 
 bene placito EpI. 
 
 George Birker takes his duty. 
 
 l 7^3- Davy, M. A. 
 
 1764. Rand, M. A. 
 
 1769. Purkis. 
 
 1835. J. W. Berry. 
 
 1878. H. G. Whittington. 
 
 Foxton vicarage. S. Lawrence. " Valet in regiis libris 
 £11 12s. lid. Solvit Xmas^i 2s. ^\d. Procur' 5^. $d. 
 Vicaria ejusdem £0. is. $d" 
 
 " Ecclia de Foxton appropriatur priori et gtui Eliensi. 
 Est vicarius ad collacoem EpI Elien." 
 
 1291. "Ecclia de Foxtone taxatur ad ^° m. Decimatur 
 Lxvj 8 xvij d ." 
 
 1290-1. "Ecclia de Foxtone taxatur ad £21 13s. 4^. 
 Vicaria ejusdem 5*." 
 
 1 561. June 10. " Decanus et capitulum eccliae cath Elien 
 sunt proprietarij ecclise de Foxton. Dns Robertus Holt 
 est vicarius ibfri." 
 
 In 1377 Foxton church had the privileges of sanctuary, 
 and we are told that it was violated by certain persons, who 
 seized the refugee and cast him into prison, for which act 
 they were excommunicated. 
 
THE CHURCHES 
 
 CAMBRIDGESHIRE 
 
 ->vic 
 
 £)UtiersI)am. 
 
 jILDERSHAM is a pretty village, situated in the 
 southern portion of the county, some eight 
 miles south-east of Cambridge, in the hundred 
 of Chilford and deanery of Camps. The 
 church is of considerable interest, and contains some fine 
 brasses, the best of their sort in Cambridgeshire — these 
 will be described in their appropriate place. This village 
 is the ancestral seat of the family of Paris ; but though a 
 pedigree of them is said to exist in the library of Pem- 
 broke College, it has not been brought to light. 
 
 Cbc a^anor. 
 
 There is one principal manor in Hildersham, which has 
 been held by several old families for long periods without 
 change of name. The manor, in the reign of the Confessor, 
 belonged to Wulwin, a Saxon noble, and after the Conquest, 
 was given by William to Aubrey de Vere, one of the 
 founders of the great family of the Earls of Oxford. It 
 continued in this family until sometime in the 13th 
 
 O 2 
 
194 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 century, when it passed into the hands of the Bustelers, one 
 of whom has a monument in the chantry, which was built 
 by a Busteler. 
 
 The Parises next became lords of the manor, and that 
 church has more in connexion with that family than the 
 others. The male line of the Parises became extinct in the 
 early part of the 17th century, when Sir William Andrew, 
 Bart., married one of the female line, and was lord in 1641. 
 His arms are blazoned in the church. 
 
 The Southcotes' name next appears among the lords, and 
 remained so until the decease of Bridget Southcote (widow 
 of Philip Southcote, and heir of Sir William Andrew, 
 Bart.) in 1783, and then that of Lord Petre, her heir. The 
 estate, consisting of the Nether-Hall and the Upper-Hall, 
 was bought of the last-named by J. Mortlock, Esq. 
 
 The Paris family can probably number amongst their 
 members the historian, Matthew Paris, though his con- 
 nexion with Hildersham has not been properly established. 
 But the name is unusual, and there only seems to have 
 been one family, and that a Cambridgeshire one. 
 
 €J)e CJwrcf), 
 
 Holy Trinity, Hildersham, is a very interesting and fine 
 country church, and has been successfully restored by 
 skilful hands, under Messrs. Buckler, of Oxford, architects. 
 It is chiefly of the 14th-century period, e.g., Decorated, 
 which is exemplified by some excellent windows with flow- 
 ing tracery. Its plan is formed by a chancel, nave, north 
 and south aisles, west tower, and a south chapel or 
 chantry. Beginning with the interior and the chancel, a 
 beautiful five-light Decorated east window is at once 
 noticeable by its tracery. It is filled with good modern 
 
Hildcrsham. 195 
 
 painted glass by Clayton and Bell. On the north side 
 there are two three-light Decorated windows, also excellent 
 in design. Underneath the easternmost of these two is a 
 Decorated canopied recess, with plain crockets, in which 
 lies a 13th-century Purbeck coffin-lid, ornamented with a 
 floral cross. There is a square-headed door at the extreme 
 east, leading into the vestry. The south side has one 
 three-light Decorated window, similar to those opposite, 
 and west of it an arch looking into the chapel. There is a 
 separate door from the chancel into the latter, as the stalls 
 come across the arch and prevent passage. The roof is 
 modern, but is very good high-pitched, with collars sup- 
 ported on carved angel-corbels. The stalls, too, arc excel- 
 lent modern specimens. There are no sedilia in the 
 chancel, but a piscina with a shelf on the south side, the 
 shelf having flowers on it. There is a modern reredos, with 
 sculpture in the three middle compartments, a memorial 
 gift to the church, executed in alabaster from designs by 
 Mr. C. A. Buckler. 
 
 The nave has two bays each, formed by one entire and 
 two half-piers supporting the two arches. The piers show 
 a quatrefoil section, and are Early Decorated, with fine 
 moulded caps. The bases do not stand level with the 
 floor, but are mounted on large square blocks of stone. 
 The clerestory has three windows on either side, consisting 
 of octofoils in a square frame, the whole under an arched 
 hood. Here there is a good modern roof, supported on 
 carved stone corbels, charged with the following arms 
 North side : — 
 
 1. Gu. a bend or, between two escallops arg. — Petre. 
 
 2. Arg. a chevron gu., between three crows sab. beaked 
 or, and gu. a saltaire vert, fimbriated or. — Southcote. An 
 escutcheon of pretence for Andrew. 
 
196 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 3. Same as small coat of last. — Andrew. 
 
 4. Gu. three unicorns'-heads, couped or — for Paris. 
 
 5. Lozengy, gu. and arg. — Busteler. 
 
 6. Quarterly gu. or, or, gu. ; in first quarter a mullet 
 arg. — for Vere, E. of Oxford. 
 
 On the south side : — 
 
 7. Gu. a fret arg. — Huddleston. 
 
 8. Sab. a chevron between three griffins'-heads erased 
 arg. — Cotton. 
 
 9. Arg. three horses'-heads gu., bridled or ; a chief gu. — 
 Barker. 
 
 10. Gu. three cinquefoils erm. — Hamilton. 
 
 11. Arg. on a bend sab. three bucks'-heads, caboshed of 
 the field. — Fassett. 
 
 12. Erm. fretty sab. — a chief az., charged with three 
 fleurs-de-lys, arg. — Mortlock. 
 
 These arms are blazoned in their proper tinctures. 
 
 The north aisle has two two-light Decorated windows, 
 containing some good stained glass, most of which is ancient 
 14th century, carefully restored in parts. There are also east 
 and west windows, and a door leading out. The remaining 
 windows in the north and south aisles will probably be 
 filled with stained glass restored from old portions in pos- 
 session of the rector. 
 
 The south aisle is the same as the north, but has no 
 glass. The chantry chapel has a three-light Decorated south 
 window, and a circular east window, with tracery of hexa- 
 gonal design. There is a fine barrel roof. Here are two 
 very interesting recumbent effigies carved in wood (an 
 unusual material), representing a crusader and his wife ; the 
 former lies under the arch looking into the chancel, and 
 behind the stalls ; the latter in the sill of a window. These 
 very curious effigies are of the 1 3th century. They probably 
 
Hildersham . 197 
 
 commemorate one of the ancient family of Busteler {e.g., 
 Sir Robert Busteler and lady, temp. Edw. I.), lords of the 
 manor of Hildersham before the Parises. In one of the 
 windows of the chantry was formerly the inscription — 
 
 (MUill, 33u0ler ^ rector istius ecclesie, a 
 funDator isttus capeliar. 
 
 These windows had some fragmentary old glass in them in 
 the last century, with " the complete figures of SS. Peter, 
 Paul and Etheldred." The knight is in complete armour 
 of the Crusaders, and is cross-legged. This chapel was 
 destroyed in 1803, and restored in 1804, when the effigies 
 were replaced. 
 
 The tower is early in the Early English style, and has 
 two arches looking into the church instead of one, as is 
 usual ; and these are very small comparatively, so that 
 one cannot see the real west window. These are pro- 
 bably original ; and their arches are quite plain. There is 
 a single lancet, forming the west window, as seen from the 
 exterior. 
 
 The font is very good, and worthy of inspection. It is 
 Early English, with an octagonal basin, having small shafts 
 at each angle, supporting little canopies on each face of the 
 octagon ; — a very good and pure design. The whole rests 
 upon five shafts. Just inside the door leading into the 
 south porch {e.g., in the church) there is a broken water- 
 stoup. The sacristy is a vaulted building of the early 13th- 
 century period ; it has a good Perpendicular door into the 
 sacrarium. 
 
 To notice the exterior — the west tower is square, and has 
 a moulded parapet, no pinnacles or buttresses. There are 
 four windows in the top stage, of two lancets and a quatre- 
 foil each. The windows of the chancel have curled ter- 
 
198 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 minals to their hoods, reproduced at the restoration from 
 existing examples. The tower is Early English. The 
 roofs are covered with lead, except the nave and south 
 aisle, which are of green Bangor slate. On the whole, the 
 church as it now stands is a fine composition, and possesses 
 much interest. It has, however, undergone great alteration 
 from its original character through the restoration, as will 
 be seen by the following account of it before the alterations. 
 It may be stated to begin with that there were Early 
 English windows throughout the church when first built, 
 but that in the 15 th century these were replaced by Per- 
 pendicular ones. The east window was Perpendicular of 
 five lights, and the others in the chancel also of this period. 
 Now, as is seen above, they are Decorated. The arch 
 connecting the chantry and chancel was built up ; now 
 it has been re-opened. There were some fragments of old 
 glass in the chantry, which however are not to be seen 
 now. In one window there was a scroll with the inscrip- 
 tion — 
 
 9be iHaria <5racia plena, Bng tecum* 
 
 This is given by Cole. Besides the wooden figures of 
 the crusader and lady, the church contains four brasses, 
 two of which are extremely good. They are to the memory 
 of members of the Paris family : Robert de Paris, c. 1379, 
 and Henry de Paris, 1466. The former is a beautiful 
 cross, with an open floriated head, in the centre of which 
 is a representation of the Most Holy Trinity, the First 
 Person being seated on a throne, holding a crucifix. 
 There should be an emblem of the Third Person, but this 
 is gone, unless the nimbus round the Saviour's head is it. 
 This was the usual manner of representing the Godhead. 
 The cross has fine crockets issuing from its stem on either 
 
Hildersham. 199 
 
 side. Right and left are the figures of Robert Paris and 
 his wife, kneeling with clasped hands. He wears a cote- 
 hardie, reaching to the thighs, fastened up the breast with 
 a number of buttons. Over the shoulders is a mantle with 
 a hood or collar, and the legs are enveloped in tight- 
 fitting hose. A handsome bawdrick is buckled round the 
 loins. His wife is attired in a long dress, and wears a ker- 
 chief on the head, falling over the shoulders. 
 
 This brass is a typical one of the period to which it 
 belongs, and is well known to collectors of rubbings. The 
 second brass, which commemorates Henry Paris, Esq., shews 
 the figure of a knight in full armour of the period, recum- 
 bent beneath a canopy. It is curious, as shewing the rest 
 for the tilting-lance on the right side of the breast-plate. 
 The canopy is a good one with two pinnacles. The arms 
 of Paris — gu., three unicorns'-heads couped or, a bordure 
 engr. of the second — are placed each side of the pediment. 
 These arms, as also another coat, a cross fleury, are shewn 
 in the earlier brass. The inscriptions to both are gone, but 
 that to Henry Paris is preserved by Cole : — 
 
 C;ic jacct l^enricue Iparicc armiccr, quondam 
 tiominua ijsttiw toillc a patromia tflttuo 
 eccleme . * . "Die metis Jimii go £)ni 
 itttllmo. . , , 
 
 The third brass is a small one to Hen. Paris 1427, and is of 
 the ordinary type of an early 15th-century knight in plate 
 armour. The fourth is a skeleton in shroud, date c. 1530. 
 All the above memorials are in good preservation. The 
 male line of Paris has been extinct for nearly two centuries. 
 Sir Francis Andrewes was lord of the manor about 1740, and 
 had married a lady of the Paris family. In the east window 
 were the arms : — 
 
200 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1. Those of Paris without the bordure engr. impaling arg. 
 two bends engr. sab. 
 
 2. Those of Vere (given before). 
 
 3. Paris, impaling gu., fretty arg., a fess or. 
 
 There were some good and entire figures in the windows 
 in 1740, that of a bishop in pontificalibus being conspicuous. 
 In the north window of the aisle, too, was a figure of the 
 favourite S. Christopher. 
 
 The register begins in 1559. The following are some 
 extracts : — 
 
 1562. Sir William Turner buried May 28. 
 
 1542. (33 Hen. VIII.) 4 Feb. Mrs. Paris, lady and 
 patroness of Hildersham, died and was buried at Great 
 Linton. 
 
 1634. Feb. 14. "Upon ye indisposition of health 
 whereby Dr. Smyth and his wife and Mrs. Mary Bird 
 cannot without danger of their healths observe the holy 
 time of Lent by such abstinence from flesh as the law re- 
 quires, therefore a special license therein is granted unto 
 them upon condition, that every of them, or some of them 
 one for ye other shall before the Feast of the Purification 
 of the B. V. M. next following or within 6 days pay or give 
 to the poor or else to the Poor Mens box the sum of 6s. 8d. 
 apiece." 
 
 " 1682. Oct. 20. John ye son of George Nott had a cer- 
 tificate to be touched for the evil." 
 
 The following is from a parish deed or register : — One 
 John Abolton gave certain lands " towards finding a priest 
 at Cambridge and towards the tax of Little Abington, 
 Great Abington and Hildersham. . .to find an honest priest 
 one of the fellows of Clare Hall in Cambridge daily yearly 
 and perpetually hereafter to pray for ye soul of John 
 Abolton, his Father and Mother and Agnes his wife, 
 
Hildersham. 20 1 
 
 William Lambert and Margaret his wife ; and once every 
 year to say a sermon in Little Abington and pray for the 
 souls aforenamed, and to say Dirige and Mass of Requiem 
 for the said souls and also to pay every year for ever upon 
 ye first Sunday in Lent xx s to ye churchwardens of both 
 Abingdons and Hildersham viz. : to every of them 6s. 8d. 
 whereof 3s. \d. to be bestowed yearly on ye church where 
 ye churchwardens think it requisite by ye oversight of ye 
 curates, and ^d. for each curate to say Dirige and Mass 
 upon the Obiit day of John Abolton, which shall be kept 
 ye first Sunday in Lent, and 3.?. ^d. to be distributed to the 
 poor by the curate and churchwardens in discharging of the 
 taxes of these 3 towns." 
 
 There was a beautiful cloth of gold altar-cloth in this 
 church in the middle of last century, but whether this 
 was one of the prae-Reformation ones, or a then modern 
 one made from some old cope or vestment, cannot be 
 decided. 
 
 Rectors of Holy Trinity. 
 
 1375. Ricus Aldewync, Capellanus de Hildresham. He 
 
 was then dean of Camps and Chaplain to Wm. 
 
 Wickham and was the same year presented or 
 
 collated by Bishop Arundel to the vicarage of 
 
 Westley Waterless. 
 1338. Will, de Greselegh. 3 II Dec. cum Lie Abs 
 
 1341-43- 
 1347. John Solers. Nov. 9. Presb pr p clem uxorem 
 
 Grimbaldi Pauncefoot. Lis de patronatu. 
 1377. Thomas de Blaken, Nov ult. p Rob de Parys. 
 1450. John Boulers. Feb. 20 ob. Rob. Bank. Goulers 
 
 Lie abs 1457, Apr. 27. 
 
202 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1 518. William Burgoin, D.D. July 22. (Master of St. 
 Peter's College.) 
 
 1522. Thomas Burgoin, S.T.B. Feb. 27. He died then. 
 
 Thomas Heskins. 
 
 1 561. George Fuller. 10 June. Perhaps John Fuller, 
 LL.D., chancellor of the diocese, Master of Jesus 
 Coll., Camb. ; prebend of Ely, and rector of Ditton 
 and Hildersham. 
 
 1595. Dr. Smith, "parson of Hildersham," — afterwards 
 Master of S. Mary Magd. Coll., Camb. 
 
 1642. Jan. 9. Mortuo Henrico Smith, S.T.P., instituitur 
 Henricus Smith, S.T.P., cler. A.M. ad rectoriam 
 de Hildersham ad psentacoem Isaaci Appleton 
 de Waldingford pva — suff Regr. Wren. 
 
 1677. 27 Julii. Dns Henricus Smith, rector de Hilder- 
 sham, comparuit coram Epo &c. in negotio criminis 
 comissse p solemnizacoem matrimonii in eccla sua 
 extra tempa in canon psclpta sc inter quartam et 
 octavam Horam post meridiem, crimen confussus 
 est, submisit se Ep5, et ab eo est absolutus. This 
 last is a curious entry. 
 
 1684. 19 April. Gulielmus Sill, canonicus Westmonaster, 
 1 Maii. Instituitur Henricus Smith Cler : A.M. 
 ad rectoriam. (Nee dicitur quomodo vocavit, nee 
 ad cujus psentacoem.) 
 
 1735. Dr. Smith, buried March 23rd. 
 
 1757. James Salt (?), will proved 1758. 
 
 1797. James Salt, buried June 23 (son of the above ?) 
 
 1806. Thomas Salt, M.A., obiit 22 April. 
 
 1847. Charles Goodwin, M.A., obiit Mar. 12. 
 
 Robert Goodwin, M.A., present rector. 
 
 Ecclia de Hyldersham solvit procuracoes £0 3s. <\d. 
 
 Valet in regiis libris £15 os. $d. Solvit Xmas^ 1 10s. o^d- 
 
Fen Ditton. 203 
 
 1 20 1. Ecclia de Hyldryschestr in Decanatu de Abytone 
 taxatur ad -^ m. Deci ma tur 1 6s. 
 
 1 290- 1. Ecclia de Hyldresham taxatur ad ^13 6s. 8d. 
 Porcio prions de Hatfeld in eadem £$ 6s. 8d. 
 
 1676. No recusants or dissenters ; 72 inhabitants. 
 
 1685. 24 families. 
 
 ffm IDttton. 
 
 Fen Ditton is a village situated on the south bank of the 
 Cam, about three miles east of Cambridge, in the hundred 
 of Fiendish and deanery of Cambridge. 
 
 In this parish is one of the three celebrated ditches or 
 dykes thrown up by the East Angles, to protect themselves 
 from the incursions of their enemies, the Mercians. " At 
 the end of this Causey there is a third ditch, thrown up in 
 ancient times, beginning at ye east side of ye Cam, and 
 running in a strait line by Fenn-Ditton (or rather Ditchton, 
 from ye aforementioned ditch) between Great-Wilberham 
 and Fulburn, as far as Balsham. At present it is called 
 Seven Mile Dike, because it lies seven miles from Newmarket ; 
 formerly it was called Fleam Dyke, that is, Flight Dike, as 
 it seems from some remarkable flight from this place."* 
 
 Fen Ditton is so called to distinguish it from Wood 
 Ditton, another village in the county, near Newmarket. It 
 is mentioned in the Domesday and other old records. 
 There was a market here, now long discontinued, which was 
 granted to the Bishops of Ely in 1270. 
 
 Cbc Manors. 
 
 The monks of Ely seem to have had large possessions 
 both here and in Wood Ditton. The chief manor here 
 
 * Camden, ' Britt.' vol. 5, p. 4S9. 
 
204 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 was given them by Ethelfleda, wife of Duke Ethelstan, and 
 Elfieda, wife of Duke Brithnod, a second one by the grand- 
 daughter of Duke Brithnod and her husband, and a third 
 by King Canute, in exchange for some lands at Cheveley. 
 
 When Ely became a bishops' see, the manor of Fen 
 Ditton was appropriated to it amongst others, and in 1600 
 it was alienated from it, and surrendered to the Crown. 
 
 In 1605 it was granted by James I. to Thomas Willys, 
 Esq., in whose family it remained for over a century. His 
 grandson, Thomas Willys, was created baronet in 1641 ; 
 and when the title became extinct, through the death of 
 Sir William Willys, in 1732, the estate went to some 
 maiden sisters : Jane, wife of Hoary Hall, of Hatton Hall, 
 Essex, Esq. ; Anne, wife of Christopher Mitchell, of 
 Chilterne, Wilts, Esq. ; Frances, wife of Captain Humfrey 
 Putner, of Canterbury ; Dorothy, wife of Samuel Enys, of 
 Enys, Cornwall, Esq. ; Hester, wife of James Spilman, a 
 Russian merchant, of London ; and Mary, married to 
 William Gore, of Savile Row, Esq. 
 
 Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, bought the manor of 
 the above ladies in 1733, as a present for her grand- 
 daughter, Lady Mary Godolphin, and it was a part of her 
 marriage portion. In 1749, her husband, Thomas, Duke of 
 Leeds, having procured a special Act of Parliament, sold it 
 to Thomas Panton, Esq., of Newmarket, chief groom to the 
 King. 
 
 Bigging, which lately was a farmhouse, was an old Gothic 
 building, said to have been the seat of the Bishops of Ely. 
 Two small manors, called respectively Muschctts and 
 Bullants, were formerly held under the Bishops of Ely. 
 Muschetts was long in possession of the families of 
 Muschett, Cheyney, and Vaux, while in the reign of Eliza- 
 beth, Bullants was held by the family of Wood. 
 
 Escheats. — " Fen Ditton John! Laceby . . . conccdat Magr 
 
Fen Ditton. 205 
 
 et Coll Scl Pet in villa Cant in mess lxvii redd p ami." — 
 Ric. II. 
 
 " Poultney Willius fil Johis de Poultney et Mag ux ten 
 m de Ditton de R in C p. xvic un paris calcar deaurat." — 
 Edw. III. 
 
 "Juratores dicunt qd Epus Eliens tenet Baron sua de 
 rege in capite p 50/. feod mil ut credunt. 
 
 "Ditton I Willus Muschett tenet de pd Epo in Ditton, 
 Horningsey | Horningsey, Elye, Clyhithe et Thriplow unu 
 
 Elye et j feod milit et facit scutagiu. 
 
 Clyhithe " Edus Peech et Margar ux ejus ten de pd 
 
 Epd in Eye Ditton et Horningsey di feod mil et facit 
 scutag. 
 
 "Alanus Segran ten de VVillio Muschett in Ditton iiii 
 ptem feod unius mil et facit scutagiu. 
 
 " Hugo le Rus ten de cod Willio ut patet et facit scutagiu. 
 
 " Epus Elien tnt in Ditton furcas, vis franc pleg, et ola 
 regalit. 
 
 " Tenebaldus de Deyn pson ccclie de Ditton ten de pson 
 xiv acr tr et un rod tr n 1 servic. 
 
 " Epus Elien ten in eadem villa de Ditton de rege in capit 
 cu al ten et tent suis p 50 feod mil ut credunt." — Edw. V. 
 
 " Fendytton. — Johes fil Thorn Aylesbury Chr et Kater 
 ux ten m de Ffendytton et un tentum ibfii voc Knightstond 
 de Epo Elien p qd xvic ign." — Eliz. 
 
 €f)C C&urcfn 
 
 The church of S. Mary, now presenting a venerable and 
 rather dilapidated appearance through age, stands at a 
 bend of the river on the south bank, on the spot known to 
 the boating portion of the University as " Ditton Corner." 
 It is a fine old country church, exhibiting specimens of 
 Gothic of the 13th, 14th, and 15th-century styles, all of 
 
206 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 which are good. Its plan is formed by a chancel, nave, 
 north and south aisles, and a bold west tower. The east 
 window has once been a fine Decorated one of five lights, 
 as is evident by traces of the mullions, as seen from the 
 outside ; but now it is bereft of its tracery, the arched head 
 being filled in with wooden mullions of the " Church- 
 warden " type. The original arch remains, with a good 
 hood and carved dripstone terminals. The north side of 
 the chancel is lighted by a Decorated window, with good 
 flowing tracery and a deep arched hood. The south side 
 has three two-light windows of the same period, rather late 
 and flamboyant in style, but excellent specimens of their 
 kind. There is a string along the north side. The roof 
 seems to have been high-pitched Decorated, but is now 
 plastered up, showing only the wooden moulding on the 
 walls. The walls are panelled all round to some height by 
 " Carpenters'-Gothic " tracery, which might well be removed. 
 There is some of the original Perpendicular tracery worked 
 into the construction of the stalls, but these have under- 
 gone the process of painting and graining. There is a 
 priest's-door on the north side. The chancel-arch is a late 
 Perpendicular insertion, of no special merit, having thin 
 circular jamb-shafts. The nave possesses four Perpendicular 
 bays on either side, each pier being formed of a pair of 
 shafts, separated by a moulding, a fashion very prevalent 
 in late work. There is a clerestory of small two-light 
 windows, of no interest. The roof is a good bold one, of a 
 high pitch, and is held by five tie-beams. 
 
 In the north aisle there are three Perpendicular windows 
 of two lights, having four-centred arches : the cast window 
 is a better specimen of three lights. There is also a plain 
 door. 
 
 The south aisle has two rather curious windows, having 
 
Fen D it ton. 207 
 
 four-centred arches and flowing tracery of a peculiar kind 
 which seems to assign them to a very late period of Deco- 
 rated. The east window is Perpendicular, and of three 
 lights, and a similar one at the western end. The aisle 
 roofs are flat Perpendicular. 
 
 The tower-arch is fine massive Early English, on two 
 semi-octagonal piers, having deeply-moulded caps. The 
 arch itself is a triple chamfer, having a rich effect, and has 
 a hood-mould decorated with dog-tooth. The whole of 
 this portion is very excellent. Underneath is a curious and 
 elaborate Perpendicular screen of stone, pierced with eight 
 arched lights and a central door, which latter has orna- 
 mented and pierced spandrels. It is enriched in front by a 
 series of gabled buttresses, terminating in pinnacles. The 
 top moulding of the whole is deeply embattled. This 
 screen is worthy of inspection, and seems formerly to have 
 stretched across to both aisle walls, but now it only occupies 
 the space between the two piers of the tower, the aisles 
 being continued up to the western face of the latter. The 
 two arches opening north and south into the aisles are 
 similar to the western one, only are without hood-moulds, 
 and are somewhat lower. 
 
 The west window is a large single lancet, over which is a 
 sort of hood-arch, enriched with tooth mouldings. Eight 
 very good carved Decorated corbels support the wooden floor 
 of the belfry : these are of course additions. There is a 
 string under the west window. The west window of the 
 north aisle is also Early English, of two lights ; very plain 
 and pure. In this corner also is the turret staircase. One 
 window is blocked up. 
 
 The font is a very good specimen of Decorated work, 
 and is octagonal, having elaborated octofoils in the sides, 
 which contain the figures of angels. The base is panelled 
 
 P 
 
208 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 in an artistic manner, but the whole has suffered through 
 being painted over. 
 
 The position of the doorways formerly leading to the 
 rood-loft, is remarkable, being very high up in the wall, on 
 a level with the clerestory, so that the loft itself must also 
 have been at this elevated position. 
 
 The whole interior of this church requires careful restora- 
 tion, the walls having been whitewashed in a ruthless 
 manner, the masonry itself being in a bad state in many 
 places, especially at the west end. 
 
 We now come to the exterior. The tower is the most 
 interesting portion, both architecturally and in point of age. 
 As shewn before, it is of the 13th century, and is massive 
 in construction, having fine bold buttresses. In the top 
 stage there are two light windows, which are now destitute 
 of tracery, and are in a generally dilapidated state. A 
 string-mould runs round under the sills. The parapet is 
 the original moulded Early English one, having gurgoyles 
 at the angles, which are now much defaced by time. The 
 turret staircase is worked into the construction of one of the 
 buttresses in a very effective manner. The bases of these 
 latter are ornamented by good mouldings. 
 
 The north aisle has been much patched with brick, and 
 is in a bad state ; there are simple eaves to the roof. The 
 north door is plain Early English, with a hood-mould. The 
 window of this end is blocked up. The west window here 
 is pretty Early English, having masks to the dripstone 
 terminals. 
 
 The chancel has no parapet, but simple overhanging 
 eaves. There is a good Decorated priest's-door, which had 
 a window above it, which is now blocked up. There are 
 two Early English buttresses at the two eastern angles, one 
 of which is, curiously enough, set diagonally, and the other 
 
Fen Ditton. 209 
 
 in the same straight line as the wall. There are also two 
 chamfered buttresses of the same period on the south 
 side. 
 
 There is a large and plain Perpendicular south porch, 
 with a good inner door, having a square hood and carved 
 spandrels. The roof is plastered up. It will be seen that 
 this church was originally Early English throughout ; then 
 some alterations were made in the chancel in the 14th 
 century; and in the 15th the nave appears to have been 
 pulled down, and the present one built in its stead. At 
 this time also the stone screen at the west end was erected. 
 The whole building is in a decaying state, and efforts are 
 being made to restore it, the chancel having already been 
 pointed up again externally. 
 
 The church contains no monumental remains of any 
 great antiquity, but what tombs there are, or have been, 
 are to the memory of members of the family of Willys, 
 mentioned before. In the chancel there is a mural monu- 
 ment to Richard Willys, of the Inner Temple, eldest son 
 and heir of Thomas Willys, of Horningsea — obiit 1625. 
 
 It has several shields of arms at the sides : — 
 
 1. Party per fess arg. and gu. three lions ramp, counter- 
 changed, a bordure erm. 
 
 2. Willys, impaling or a lion ramp 1 , crowned vert — for 
 Henmarsh. 
 
 3. Willys, impaling arg. a chevron sab. ; on a chief of the 
 second three martlets of the first — for Wylde. 
 
 4. Willys, impaling arg. six lions ramp. sab. — for Savage. 
 Cole says that in his time there were spurs, helmets, coats, 
 
 and streamers, &c, hanging up over this tomb ; but these 
 have now disappeared. They were probably used in the 
 funeral obsequies of the deceased. 
 
 There is a slab to Jane Cornwall, " uxoris Jolt Cornwall 
 
 P 3 
 
2io Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 S.T.P. ac neptis DnI Tho Malet in agro Somersetensi 
 Capitalis (dum vixit) Angliae Justiciaris " — obiit 1712 
 Arms — a lion ramp, crowned, within a bordure bezantee — 
 for Cornwall ; impaling three escallops for Mallet. 
 
 Also a slab to " Humfrey Gardner Armiger" — obiit 
 1 69 1, with the arms : party per fess and pale counter- 
 changed, three griffins'-heads erased. 
 
 Cole mentions his having seen three old coats blazoned 
 in three windows of the chancel — e.g., barry of ten arg. and 
 az. ; on a canton or a martlet sab., being the arms of John 
 Hotham, Bishop of Ely — obiit Jan. 25, 1336. In a window 
 of the north aisle there was not long ago a figure of 
 S. George, with his arms blazoned on the surcoat. By the 
 screen was a board with an inscription stating that Mrs. 
 Elizabeth March settled her estate at Oakington, of about 
 £yS per ann. to be equally divided between five schools 
 — Haddenham, Fulbourn, Brinkley, Fen Ditton, and 
 Histon. 
 
 The following is an extract from the register : — 
 
 "Richard, son of Thomas Willis, Gen., baptized Aug. 23, 
 1637. 
 
 " William, son of Thomas Willis, Esq., baptized Sep. 30, 
 1638. 
 
 "Robert, son of Thomas Willis, Esq., baptized Jan. 21, 
 1640. 
 
 " Heanery, son of John Willis, Esq., and Mary his wife, 
 was baptized Nov. 1, 1674. 
 
 " Collonell William Willis, buried Aug. 13, 1676. 
 
 "John Willis, son of John and Mary Willis, was buried 
 Nov. 20, 1688. 
 
 "Sir Richard Willis, Bt, was buried Nov. 25, 1701. 
 
 "Sir John Willis, Bt, was buried Aug. 9, 1704." 
 
 " In 1642 Sir Richard Willys commanded a troop of 
 
Fen D it ton. 211 
 
 dragoons to bring off the garrison from Keneilworth Castle, 
 which he did with great success, that though he was 
 attacked by the rebels which had notice of his design, and 
 who were five to one superior to him in numbers, yet he 
 entirely beat them, and took several prisoners, which he 
 carried to Fladbury Castle." * 
 
 Sir Thomas Willys was put out of the Commission for 
 the Peace of Cambridgeshire in 1679, for holding with the 
 fanatical party in the county in opposing the Court 
 interestf 
 
 The following also occurs in the register: — "Aug. 10, 
 1623. That Thomas and Richard Willys, Esqrs., lords of 
 the manor of Fen Ditton, with the consent of most of the 
 inhabitants, gave their consents that the Fen called Wat- 
 low Fen shall be let this year towards the repairs of the 
 church, and towards the casting of the bells, till the 19th of 
 Sept. next." This fen was let in 1627 for £9 for the 
 poor. 
 
 In 1750 a quantity of old wainscoting was put up in the 
 church, and which was brought from Queen's College 
 chapel. On the corbels of the belfry are two old coats of 
 arms, now nearly obliterated — a fess between two chevrons, 
 for Lisle or Gray ; and a fess between five annulets (two in 
 chief and three in base) for Avenell. 
 
 This church has suffered much from neglect and vio- 
 lence since the Reformation. Dowsing came here during 
 his sacrilegious tour ; the following is the entry in his 
 diary : — 
 
 " 1643. 1. Ditten January 3 Cambridgeshire. We beat 
 
 * ' Life of Sir Wm. Dugdale, : by himself, p. xi., before the 2nd edition of 
 his ' History of S. Paul's Cathedral.' 
 
 t Vide a pamphlet 'The Case of many Trotestant Freeholders and In- 
 habitants in Cambridgeshire,' &c., published in 1680. 
 
212, 
 
 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 doun 2 crucifixes and ye 12 apostles and many other super- 
 stitious pictures." It was not very long ago when the 
 north aisle was used as the village school. 
 
 The register begins at the rather early date of 1538. The 
 earliest entries are — baptisms: Wm.Beswicke, 31 Oct. 1539; 
 Francis Pembye, 16 Feb. 1566. John Smith, D.D., buried 
 1614, 3 Jan. Wm. Davy, M.A., fellow of Jesus Coll. obiit 
 Nov. 15, 1666. 
 
 of 
 
 chancre. 
 
 chancre. 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1 28 1. Theobald de Deyn. 
 
 1345. Elias Thoresby. 
 
 1349. William de Peeham, May 28. Comis. Elicns. 
 
 psent to Ditton. 
 
 Robert Seyr, June 18. | 
 
 1 35 1. Nicholas de Bagford, rector 
 
 Stretham, Sep. 9. 
 1376. Roger de Wodnorton, Nov. 16. 
 
 Stephen atte Rothe. 
 
 1 38 1. John Sundrash, Oct 4. 
 
 Dns Johes Canefeld, de Ditton. 
 
 Simon Romayne, of Grantesden, Nov. 3. . 
 
 He purchases land to enlargen the mansion 
 1389. 
 
 1394. John Fendom, Jan. 19. 
 
 1395. John de Repyndon, Nov. 23. 
 
 1396. Nicholas Mockyng, July 4. 
 1401. John Brigge, July 22. 
 1407. John Judde, Sep. 6. 
 
 1430. John Sudbury, D.D., Master of Pembroke Hall. 
 1 44 1. Magr Richard Scropc. 
 1468. Alexander Lye, May 22. 
 1473. Walter Buck, Apr. 23. 
 
 chancre. 
 
Fen Ditton. 2,13 
 
 1506. Edmund Norton. 
 
 1 5 16. Radulph Hopwood, Mar. 4. 
 
 1538. William Lorde, Oct. 2. 
 
 1544. Richard Wylkcs, June II. 
 
 1556. William Perpoint. 
 
 1557. John Fuller, LL.D. 
 
 1558. Henry Goodwin, curate. 
 1565. John Parker. 
 
 1570. John Bell, S.T.B. (rector of Fulbourn, S. Vigor's). 
 
 Dr. Smith. 
 
 1 614. John Macarnesse, curate. 
 
 1645. William Retchford. 
 
 1661. John Worthington, rector. 
 
 1664. William Davey, curate. 
 
 1665. Thomas Stephens. 
 1677. Humphrey Gower. 
 1680. Richard Aplcford, curate. 
 1702. William Edmondson, curate. 
 1707. Robert Lambert, curate. 
 
 1 72 1. Matthew Baines, M.A. 
 
 1730. Dr. Davies. 
 
 1732. Thomas Sturges. 
 
 1752. John Gooch, son of the Right Rev. Sir Thomas 
 Gooch, Bart., Bishop of Ely. He was rector till 
 1797,* or probably till after that, but this is the 
 latest year in which his signature appears in the 
 register. There is no evidence of his death or 
 resignation, but the curates have signed till 
 
 1804, when John Haggit signs. He held the rectory till 
 
 * The gap between 1797 and 1804 may have been filled up by the appoint- 
 ment of a rector whose name does not appear, but it is more likely that Dr. 
 Gooch was incapacitated through age. 
 
214 
 
 Cambridgeshire CJmrches. 
 
 Jan. 1843, an d was buried in the chancel of Ditton 
 church. 
 
 1843. John Turner. He vacated the benefice the next 
 year by accepting other preferment. 
 
 1844. W. B. James, rector till his death, Aug. 1877. 
 1877. F. H. Cox, Oct. 18. 
 
 #rantrf}es!et\ 
 
 RANTCHESTER is a picturesque village, 
 situated on a branch of the river Cam, known 
 as "The Freshmen's," in the hundred of 
 Wetherley and deanery of Barton, it being 
 only two miles south-west of Cambridge. 
 
 It is most probably a very ancient town, and is supposed 
 by some to be the Grantaceaster of Bede, while others think 
 that Grantaceaster, a Roman station, is now the north 
 suburb of Cambridge. Anyhow, Grantchester seems to be 
 one of the twenty-eight cities that flourished in the time of 
 the Romans. Dr. Caius, in his history of Barnwell, says 
 that " it reacheth not only to Grantbridge, corruptedly 
 called Cambridge, but northward beyond the castle as far 
 as the chapel of S. James's, at Howes." Some say that 
 here was the seat of a King, and that the palace was 
 surrounded by double walls and a threefold moat, which 
 last is now almost filled up, but stands where a grove of 
 elms flourish, in that part of Grantchester which was part 
 of the manor of Jakes, or Burghwashe. 
 
 In the Domesday, and other ancient documents, the 
 name of the village is written Granscte, Graunccte, and 
 Grauntcscthc, but has now long been called Grantchester. 
 
Grantchester. 1 1 5 
 
 C6e Manors. 
 
 At an early period the noble family of Lacy, Earls of 
 Lincoln, were lords of the manor of Grantchester. Sahirus 
 de Ouincy, lord of Groby, in Leicestershire (son of Robert, 
 created Earl of Winchester, 8 John), gave by charter to 
 Robert de Ouincy, his eldest son, and his wife, sister of the 
 Earl of Chester, this village, and other lands, for £ 100 per 
 ann. Sahirus de Ouincy also gave the tithes of the town 
 to the monastery of S. Neots — " Omnibus, &c. Sancta; 
 matris Ecclesiae filius Saherus de Ouincy Saltm. Sciatis 
 me concessisse et confirmasse monachis StI Ncoti decima- 
 tioncs quas antiquit habucrunt de terra me in Grantcsct et 
 totam decimationem dominicoru, qunc fuerunt Robti Fastilan 
 
 in eadem villa tarn quam virgultorum. Hiis testibus," 
 
 Sec. Harris de Ouincy held a knight's-fce in Grantchester 
 of the honor of Mortimer, and paid sheriffs' aid, &c. This 
 fee came to John Lacy (Baron of Halton and Lord of 
 Pomfrct, Constable of Chester, created Earl of Lincoln by 
 Henry III.), by his marriage with Margaret, his second 
 wife, daughter and one of the heirs of Robert, Lord Ouincy 
 (son and heir of the Earl of Winchester by Hames, his 
 wife, the fourth sister and one of the heirs of Randall 
 Blandcville, Earl of Chester and Lincoln).* 
 
 Henry Lacy, grandson of John Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, by 
 Edmund, his son, held this same knight's-fee of the honor 
 of Mortimer. One part of this manor he gave to his last 
 son, Henry, on condition that he and his successors should 
 always call their eldest son " Henry."t The other part fell 
 to Alice, his daughter, who married Thomas Plantagenet, 
 Earl of Lancaster ; secondly, Ebule, Lord Strange ; and 
 
 * 22 Hen. III. t Dugdale's ' Baron.' vol. i. p. 105. 
 
216 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 thirdly, Hugh de Frenes. The above-mentioned Henry- 
 married, secondly, Joan, daughter of William Martin, Lord 
 Camoys, but by her he had no issue. She was married 
 again to Nicholas de Anderville, who became lord of 
 Grantchester. 
 
 Henry Lacy, son of the above, who inherited these lands 
 on these conditions, died sine prole ; and it seems that the 
 manor of Grantchester descended, with other estates of the 
 Lacys, to the house of Lancaster. 
 
 In old deeds we find the name of Grantchester coupled 
 with that of Cote, and these two places were thus regarded 
 as one village : Grantchester cum Cote. By the general 
 inquisition of quo warranto, in the time of Edward II., 
 there were six lords here — e.g., Nicholas de Andvvyl, 
 Nicholas de Engaine, William de Sengham, Merton College, 
 John de Mardenbury, and Ralph, son of William de Sancto 
 Clavo. 
 
 In 145 1 the manor of Burgherst, so called from its 
 former lord, Bartholomew, Lord Burgherst,* and the manor 
 of Jak, in Grantchester, were purchased, in trust of King's 
 College, of the executors of Henry Somer, Esq. In the 
 old mansion belonging to this estate was formerly a hall, 
 fitted with pulpit and gallery, and the arms of Somer were 
 blazoned in the windows. Henry Somer's name was 
 returned in a list of Cambridgeshire gentry in 1433.! 
 
 Walter de Merton gave an estate in Grantchester, called 
 Manerium de Grauntesethe, which he had bought of the 
 Sengham family, to the warden and fellows of his lately- 
 founded college at Oxford. 
 
 The prior and convent of S. Neots had a manor here in 
 the reign of John.:}: 
 
 * Esch. 29 Edw. III. t fuller's ' Worthies.' J: Esch. roll 
 
Gran t Chester. 2, 1 7 
 
 I n 1359 the rectory was purchased by Bcnet College, 
 and in 1380 the great tithes were appropriate to the master 
 and fellows. 
 
 In 1373 John, King of Castile and Leon, gave an estate 
 here to the same college.* 
 
 The following are extracts from escheat rolls, and throw 
 light on the various families mentioned above : — 
 
 Edward I. — "Juratores dicunt qd Galfrid de Sengham et 
 Luca dc Aspelford tenent de honor bonum qui honor tenet 
 de rege p dimid feod mil in Grancete cu advoc ecclie et 
 unu molcndinu aquaticu ejusdm honoris p scutagiu cucurrit 
 et tenet lib vis franc pleg cu Ballivo dnl regis qui rccipit 
 hide p viss iiii s iiii acr tr et v acr prati dat fuerunt ecclie 
 pd et dca pars dee Luce scilt iiii acr ter et viii prati val iv 
 et unu molend aquatic val xl s et ii' 1 redd liboru tenen et 
 xxxi s vi (1 de villan et ii s redd de Cottag tempc regis Edrd 
 nunc alienat et Scholarcs &c. de Merton Colledg in Oxon, 
 dnum Walter de Merton. Comes Lincoln ten in eadem 
 villa un feod mil de rege in capite ad dat ad uxil vie xii' 1 et 
 ten vis franc pleg &c. 
 
 " Radus le Hop ten ibiii unu virgat terr con xxx acr dc 
 Rico de Wynepol de Honor Brittan p xx s p ann et debet 
 un sect ad Com Brittan qum solebat facere at Comitat." 
 
 " YVilmus de Engaine fil Eustachii ten cap mess val 
 xviii d et non est ibfn columbar nee Gardin neq curtilag sed 
 redd ass lib ten xviii iiii or "... 
 
 Edward II. — " Granceter cu Cotes. Villa de Granceter 
 cu Cotes unde dns Nichus de Andevyle, dns Nichus de 
 Engaine, Willus de Sengham, Scholar de Merton, Johes de 
 Maydenbury, Radus fil Wilmi, et Nichus de Scd Clavo 
 sunt dnl." 
 
 " Grancete. — Alicia fil Henr de Lacy Com Lancaster qui 
 * Esch. Edw. III. 
 
1 1 8 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Thomas Com Lancaster duxit in ux ten m de Grancete de 
 Ric C p Com Lancaster et est ibm cap mess cum fructu 
 gardin vii xx acr tr xx acr prati xiii pastur quedm Piscar est 
 ibm ps dci Henr redd assiss xlvi s viii d iii lib tenen &c." 
 
 " Jacobus de Andele fil Johe nup ux Hen de Lacy Com 
 Lincoln ten m de Grancester de R ut pcell Com Lincoln." 
 
 47 Edward III. — "Jurat' dicunt &c. si rex &c. Johl regi 
 Castelle et Legionis qd ipe ix mess clxv acr tr v acr prati in 
 villa Cant et Grancester dare possit Magr5 &c. Coll Christi 
 et bte Marie in Cant &c. Et qd un mess inde in vill Cant 
 quondam Johls Weston et viii mess clx acr tr inde tenent 
 de R in Burgag que major de ejusdem in vill Cant tenent 
 in feod firm p redd eisdem ii d ad Hidgabulum et qd ii mess 
 in Grancester ten de rector ville pd p xvic opu estimat et 
 qd v acr tr et v acr prati dnl Hered Johis de Grancester p 
 redd xviii ob p ann." 
 
 " Burghershe Barthus fil BarthI ten m de Grancester . . . 
 de Rgro de Mortuomari p xvic mil et redd" &c. 
 
 " Ricus de Moneneuwe fil Ricr ten m de Granceter de 
 R de honor de Wygmore quod fuit Roger de Mortuomari 
 p xvic unu feod mil ex eoru Thome nup Com Lancastr 
 dm est capital mess cum clauss vii xx et iii rod ter xx acr 
 prati xii acr pastur redd ass xiii te ." 
 
 " Rogerus dns le Strange nepus Ebatoni Le Strange qui 
 tenuit cu Alicia ux ejus m de Grancester qd qudm fuit Hen 
 de Lacy Com Lincoln pris ipsius Alicie ex dono dnl EdI 
 R Angl. III. de Roger de Mortuomari de Wigmore p xvic 
 un feod mil . . ." 
 
 Sir Francis Bacon, writing in 1609 to Mr. Toby Mathers, 
 who had turned Jesuit, says, " Myself am like the miller of 
 Grancester, who was wont to pray for peace among the 
 willows, for while the wind blew, the wind-mills wrought 
 and the water-mill was less customed. So I sec that con- 
 
Grantcliester. 2 1 9 
 
 troversies of Religion must hinder the advancement of 
 Sciences." It does not appear who is meant by " the miller 
 of Grancester." 
 
 €bc Cfwrcfc. 
 
 S. Andrew's Church, Grantchester, is chiefly of the 
 Decorated style, rather late and florid, but having many 
 interesting points. It consists of chancel, nave, south aisle, 
 and a west tower, though originally there was no aisle, that 
 portion of the fabric being quite a modern addition, having 
 been built lately, when the church was restored. 
 
 The chancel presents a curious interior, and is Decorated 
 throughout. The east window is a large example, of five 
 lights with good flowing tracery, rather late in the style. 
 It has small shafts in the jambs, terminating in little 
 octagonal caps. There is a good hood-mould, ending in 
 carved dripstone terminals. On each side of the east 
 window is a good canopied niche or recess, having a pro- 
 jecting ogee hood with double cinquefoiled cusps and carved 
 finials. These canopies are of unusual design, and are very 
 curious. On the north side are three very excellent windows 
 of different design, each of three lights, having flowing 
 tracery of the same character as the east windows. Under 
 the easternmost is a good arched recess. The windows on 
 the south side are of similar design. They all have hoods, 
 and between each is a double canopied niche, with ogee 
 hood of the same treatment as the single ones on either 
 side of the east window. 
 
 There is a good piscina and a plain stone sedile. A string- 
 mould runs round the chancel under the sills of all the 
 windows. The roof is of poor design, high-pitched, and 
 resting on the old stone string. The stall-work is modern, 
 
220 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 but takes up too much room. There are several matrices 
 of brasses in the floor, one of a priest being specially- 
 conspicuous. 
 
 The nave windows are Perpendicular insertions of three 
 lights, the arches being very depressed. The most eastern 
 one seems to have been set in an earlier Decorated arch, 
 which probably once led into a chantry, which has now 
 disappeared. The four new bays, which were built when 
 the aisle was added, are Decorated, the piers being octagonal, 
 surmounted by finely-moulded caps. There is a good high- 
 pitched modern roof. The door leading to the rood is still 
 visible, though the stairs seem built up. 
 
 The aisle is lighted by four Perpendicular windows, and 
 a west one of two lights. They all contain excellent 
 modern stained glass, representing figures of saints most 
 artistically treated and finely coloured. At the east end is 
 a good Perpendicular arch with a square hood and carved 
 spandrels, under which is a Perpendicular high tomb with 
 quatrefoils of different design in the front, and the matrix 
 of a brass of a man and wife with children and coats of 
 arms, in the top slab. There is no inscription remaining to 
 show to whose memory this tomb was erected. Here 
 is a Decorated font, with a large plain hemispherical 
 basin. 
 
 The tower-arch is blocked up and a big gallery placed 
 in front, which does not improve the appearance of the 
 interior. 
 
 There is a good old Jacobian pulpit, square, with the 
 following arms carved in front — two chevrons and a 
 canton. The church seems to have once been rich in 
 brasses, as several matrices are visible, but no brass 
 now remains. 
 
 The exterior now comes to be described. The tower is 
 
Grantchester. 111 
 
 much plastered about and of little architectural merit. The 
 west window is Perpendicular of three lights, the moulding 
 encircling the buttresses passing over and forming a hood. 
 Underneath is a second window, where the west door is 
 generally situated : it has a square frame, and has two 
 shields in the spandrels, carved with the arms — I. See of 
 Ely ; 2. A chevron between three crosses fitche, for Ford- 
 ham, Bishop of Ely (obiit 1425), in whose time the Church 
 seems to have been built. There are two-light very late 
 windows in the top stage of the tower. The base mould- 
 ings of the buttresses are good. There is a pretty north 
 porch of wood, Perpendicular, and covered with ivy. The 
 inner door is of stone, and has a square hood and good lion- 
 heads for labels. 
 
 As mentioned before, the aisle is modern and good- 
 There are some good old Norman mouldings built into the 
 wall, and one or two very grotesque old gurgoyles, or 
 corbels, no doubt the remains of some earlier church. 
 
 The buttresses of the chancel are completely enveloped 
 in ivy. There is a good floriated cross on the east gable. 
 There are no ancient monuments or inscriptions remaining ; 
 but the following memorials are referred to by Cole, and 
 had better be noticed here : — 
 
 In the chancel a large mural monument, dated 1627, 
 commemorating Catherine Byng " relicta et animo et 
 pietate precellentissimi, et in celeberrima Academia Canta- 
 brigien," with the arms — 
 
 1. Quarterly 1 and 4 sab., three lions'-heads erased arg. ; 
 2 and 3 sab. a chevron or between three lions'-heads 
 erased arg. 
 
 2. Quarterly sab. and arg., in 1st quarter a lion ramp, 
 arg., for Byng, impaling two coats as above. 
 
 In the register it says : — " Venerabilis Katharina Byng 
 
222 Cambridgeshire CJmrches. 
 
 mater Henrici ad legum servientis (sepulta fuit) vigesimo 
 primo die Julii 1627." Dr. Byng was fellow of S. Peter's 
 College, dean of arches, procter in 1565, public orator, 
 master of Clare Hall, and King's professor of law. 
 
 Also a slab to John Ekins, M.A., senior fellow of Trinity, 
 1706, with the arms — six fusils in bend, between two cross- 
 crosslets fitche. 
 
 A mural monument to George Sheppard, M.A., fellow of 
 Clare, 1690. 
 
 Not very many years ago the following coats were 
 blazoned in the windows of the church : — 
 
 1. Vere. — Quarterly gu. and or, in the first quarter a 
 mullet arg. 
 
 2. Vert, a fess dancette erm. for Somer, impaling gu. a 
 chevron az. between three owls arg. 
 
 3. Somer, impaling gu. on a fess sab., a mullet between 
 two annulets arg. 
 
 4. Gu. a lion pass, arg., a chief erm. 
 
 5. Gu. a bend az. (This coat is false heraldry.) 
 
 Cole says that when he was here there was some fine old 
 glass remaining in portions of the windows, chiefly figures 
 of saints, and he mentions those of SS. Anthony, Lawrence, 
 Thomas of Canterbury, &c. 
 
 " Grantchester vicarage, S. Andrew. Valet in regiis 
 libris £49 os. S%d. Solvit Xmas l$s. $%d. Procur' $s. 4^." 
 
 1290. "Ecclia de Grantesethe cum Cotes taxatur ad 
 4?-. m. Decimatur 18s. 8d." 
 
 mm 
 
 1290. "Ecclia de Grantesethe taxatur ad ^"21 6s. Sd. 
 Portio prions de Sco Neoto in eadem £2." 
 
 "Prior de Swavesey pcipit in Xmis de uno molcndino in 
 scholares Epi Elien qui sunt rector ecclic sic — Grantesethe 
 20s. Extra porta de Trompiton in Cantebrig pcipiunt in 
 pochia de Grantesethe, 6d." 
 
Grantchester. 223 
 
 " Bona abbatis de Osyth in Grantesete et Cotes taxantur 
 ad 6s. Ecclia de Grancet solvit Ep5 pensionem 3.?. 4^."* 
 
 " 1 561, 10 June, Magr et socii collegii Corporis Christi in 
 Cantebrig sunt proprietarii Ecclie de Grantecestr. Vicaria 
 ibfii vacat."f 
 
 " Granteset aut Granceter cu Cotes in Hundr de 
 Wetherle. Est una villa. "J 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1309. Dns Hugo de Sengham. 
 
 1339. John de Bande. 
 
 1375. Thomas Eltisley, senior, 4 Kal Apr. 1 , , 
 
 Thomas Eltisley, junior, of Landbeach. i 
 
 Richard de Denemcwc, Feb/25. 
 
 1380. William Wendye, Nov. 4. 
 
 1384. William Bachelour. (At this time there was an 
 agreement made that the rector of Coton should 
 pay to the vicar of Grantchester ^d. for every 
 corpse buried in the church or churchyard of 
 Coton.) 
 
 1396. William Berkelowe, May 16 (resig. Wm. Bachelour 
 pro Kerdington, Line). 
 
 John Walterkin, Nov. 23. 
 
 John Smith, Dec. 18. 
 
 1398. John Burhed, Nov. 7 (resig. J. Smith pro Fornham, 
 
 Nonvc). 
 1401. Thomas Hogon, Mar. 18 (resig. John Burhed pro 
 
 Ancastre, Line). 
 1403. John, filius Benedicti Peyntourde Swafham, Feb. 1. 
 
 Thomas Hamelton. 
 
 Lib. niger Elien. t Bk. of the acts of Bp. Cox. 
 
 \ Nma villa? 9 Edw. II. 
 
 Q 
 
224 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 1444. William Toyt, May 28 (obiit Thomas Hamelton). 
 
 1446. Thomas Broke, Dec. 19. 
 
 1460. William Rudde, April 3 (obiit Thos. Broke). 
 
 Robert Snow. 
 
 1487. Henry Lewes, Feb. 12 (resig. Rob. Snow). 
 
 1488. Robert Barker, Sep. 30 (resig. Hen. Lewes). 
 
 Henry Brook. 
 
 1526. Thomas Crooke, Aug. 11. 
 1540. Thomas Aleyn, Feb. 22. 
 1546. Robert Lyster, May 3. 
 1556. Edward Westley, Mar. 1. 
 
 John Bungay. 
 
 1564. Thomas Corker, Sep. 17. 
 
 1566. Edmund Byshop, July 25. 
 
 1572. Edward Brayne, Oct. 4. 
 
 1595. Mr. Brayne was rated for his parsonage of Grant- 
 
 chester (jointly with the vicar of Trumpington), to 
 
 raise one pike furnished. 
 
 John Robynson. 
 
 William Seagrave. 
 
 Thomas Whatton. 
 
 1662. Isaac Dobson. S.T.B. (There was a dispute be- 
 tween him and the tenant to the rectory under the 
 college. The vicar claimed, and began a suit at 
 common law, for the tithes of 1,000 acres of arable 
 land, converted into pasture when laid down with 
 clover and hay. The lessee of the rectory said 
 that he, and not the vicar, had always enjoyed the 
 tithes of the arable lands.) 
 
 1678. Matthew Shorting, M.A. (obiit Isaac Dobson). 
 
 1707. Christopher Selby, M.A. (obiit Matt. Shorting). 
 
 1 7 16. John Waller, May 10. 
 
 17 18. Charles Shelrake, M.A. (obiit Joh. Waller). 
 
Elsworth. 225 
 
 Thomas Pearson, B.D. ("Sep. 23, 1762, died Thomas 
 Pearson, B.D., rector of Little Wilberham and vicar 
 of Grantchester, at Grantchester."* " He was rather 
 a low kind of man, and loved ale and low company.")! 
 
 1762. John Hooke. 
 
 1778. William Butts, obiit 12 March, 1806 (rector of Lit. 
 Wilbraham). 
 
 1806. John Hewett, obiit Jan. 3, 1850. 
 
 1850. William Martin, M.A. 
 
 Thomas de Pateshull seems to have been a rector during 
 the early part of Edw. III.'s reign, and his brother Sir 
 Walter de Pateshull, had a manor here. Cole saw a deed 
 at King's College, having seals bearing their arms : Sir 
 Walter, a fess between three crescents ; Thomas, five trefoils 
 slipped in cross, between three crescents. 
 
 John de Baude, rector in 1339, had a brother, Sir Walter 
 de Baude, Kt, who married the widow of Sir Walter de 
 Pateshull, above mentioned. 
 
 Mrs. Anne Robson (obiit 1731) left £50 to Grantchester 
 schools. She had a slab in the church with the arms — on a 
 fess between two chevrons, three billets. 
 
 eistoortlj. 
 
 Elsworth is a village lying about eight miles west of Cam- 
 bridge, in the hundred of Papworth and deanery of Bourn. 
 It possesses a fine church, as will be seen by the following 
 description ; but history does not attach very much interest 
 to the village in the way of noble families. 
 
 * ' Whitehall Even. Post.' t Cole. 
 
 Q 2 
 
226 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Cf)0 manors. 
 
 In early times the whole of this parish belonged to the 
 abbot and convent of Ramsey, it having come into their 
 hands through successive donations from different benefac- 
 tors. According to Lysons, Ethelstan Menesune (obiit A.D. 
 996) gave them the eastern mansion, with part of the manor, 
 after which Alswara gave them the church and another 
 portion. The western mansion, with part of the manor 
 belonging to it, was given to Turkell, his general, by King 
 Canute, and he having presented it to Ethelric, Bishop of 
 Dorchester, the bishop made it over to the abbot and con- 
 vent of Ramsey. 
 
 By the hundred roll* the abbot held of the King in capite 
 xi hides and vii yard land in Elsworth, of the feefment of 
 Earl Alwyn in the time of King Edgar, and he held iii hides 
 and iv yard land, containing xxx acres for a yard, in land, 
 meadow and wood, whereof he held in demesne ii hides 
 and a half in wood, xii acres and one other hide of his 
 tenants, and he also had here "furcas, assis, panis," &c, 
 and view of frank pledge, " Et unu molend val xx s . et 
 omnia quae ptinent ad visum in psent Ballivi domini regis p 
 cartam dm Willml Bastardi et dnl regis Johis." 
 
 The abbot also held here half a yard land of one William 
 de Conyton. 
 
 There were ancientlyt two freeholders in Elsworth, that 
 owed suit and sheriff's aid, e.g., Rafe de Bestune, Beston, or 
 Brestanton, that held one quarter of land of William de 
 Conyton by the rent of one pound of commin, which Sir 
 Robert de Conyton subsequently gave to his daughter in 
 marriage ; and William de Grave, who held here three yard 
 
 * 9 Edw. II. t 4Ric. II. 
 
Elsworth. 227 
 
 land of Sir Simon de Stanton. This land of William de 
 la Grave, containing 80 acres of arable, 8 tofts, 5 acres of 
 meadow, 2 acres of wood, and 3s. rent in Elsworth, was 
 afterwards sold to John Knevett. 
 
 William Dansie held the manor of Conyton, afterwards 
 called Connington Manor, with all the lands and tenements 
 in Knapwell and Elsworth of William Copley, of his manor 
 of Overhall in Boxworth, by half a knight's-fee.* 
 
 William, son of John de Bokesworth, with his tenants, held 
 one yard land here of the fee of Scatters (or de Scaleriis), 
 and his tenants paid one mark rent per ann., and 6d. for 
 sheriff's aid and scutage, and Wm. Bokesworth paid scutage 
 to Richard de Freville, and he to the king.* 
 
 This land of the Bokesworth's came to Thomas Hutton, 
 and was called the manor of Elsworth, late William 
 Dansie's.f 
 
 Ann, daughter and heiress of Walter Mauncy, Kt. (who 
 married Margt, daughter and heiress of Thomas Brotherton, 
 Earl of Norfolk, first married to John, Lord Seagrave), held 
 the manor of Fen Stanton, and 2s. rent in Elsworth. These 
 lands came to Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk.^ 
 
 Ann, Mary, Ellen, and Margery Grantoft held a capital 
 messuage, 130 acres of land, 30 acres of pasture, 16 acres 
 of wood, in Hilton, Hemingford Abbots, Hemingford Greys 
 and Fen Stanton, and the land in Elsworth, called Dannett's 
 Thing, purchased of Roger Dannetts, of the manor of Fen 
 Stanton. § 
 
 The Domesday says regarding this village : — " Ellesworth 
 in Hundr de Pappeworth, Willus de Grava debet i sect et 
 de aux vie xiid. Idm Radus de Benstanton debet i secta 
 et de aux vie xii^." 
 
 * 18 Edw. IV. X 46 Edw. III. 
 
 t 21 Hen. VII. § 26 Hen. VIII. 
 
228 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 At the Dissolution the manor of Elsworth and the manor 
 of the rectory were given to Thomas Wendy, Esq. (e. g, in 
 1550), of whose descendants they were purchased in 1656 
 by Samuel Disbrowe, Esq., keeper of the Great Seal of 
 Scotland during the civil war. He seems to have died in 
 1690, and his grand-daughter then brought them by mar- 
 riage to Matthew Holworthy, Esq. After his death they went 
 to his daughter, Mrs. Heathcote, who, dying sine prole, de- 
 vised them to Matthew Heathcote, who took the name of 
 Holworthy. About a century ago his grandson, the Rev. 
 Matthew Holworthy, was possessed of them. 
 
 The following is a list of those who subscribed to the 
 Liturgy at the visitation of Elsworth in 157 1. It is taken 
 from Cole's Ms, who does not say whence he copied it, but 
 it is of interest in several respects. 
 
 Andrew Perne, Dean of Ely. 
 
 John Parker, Archdeacon of Ely. 
 
 John Neye, Prebend of Ely. 
 
 John Whitgift, Teversham. 
 
 John Bell, S.T.B., Fulbourn, S. Vigor's. 
 
 Christopher Tye, Mus. D., Doddington. (His name is 
 well known as a cathedral composer, and his services 
 are still favourites in many places.) 
 
 Lucas Gilpin, Chesterton. 
 
 Frank Gartside, Bassingbourn. 
 
 Thomas Pays, Harlton. 
 
 Nicholas Calvert, Barrington. 
 
 Robert Willerm, Wilbraham. 
 
 William Ashford, Little Shelford. 
 
 Edmund Humphrys, Melbourn. 
 
 Thomas Streacock, Barton. 
 
 Francis Scargill, Knapwell. 
 
Elsworth. 229 
 
 William Craggs, Abington. 
 
 Thomas Goodwin. 
 
 Walter Atkin, Steeple Morden. 
 
 Anthony Fletcher, Sawston. 
 
 Roger Davie, Orwell. 
 
 John Hudleston, Caldecot. 
 
 Richard Frank, Histon. 
 
 Thomas Paine, Waterbeach. 
 
 William Ashton, Meldreth. 
 
 Thomas Hawle, Gamlingay. 
 
 John Wisdom, Whittlcsford. 
 
 John Diason, East Hatley. 
 
 Bernard Harper, Bourn. 
 
 Miles Downham, Hinxton. 
 
 Geoffrey Astley, Castle Camps. 
 
 Simon Drum, Whaddon. 
 
 Leonard Nightingale, Stapleford. 
 
 Richard Bason, Over. 
 
 Robert Holben, Elsworth. 
 
 Lawrence Whittaker, Bassingbourne. 
 
 Geoffry Ander, Thriplow. 
 
 Thomas Parkynson, Orwell and Willingham. 
 
 Gabriel Holt, Papworth Everard. 
 
 William Williams, Swafham Bulbeek. 
 
 William Parker, Little Eversden. 
 
 Edward Borrow, Rampton. 
 
 John Lawrence, Comberton. 
 
 Robert Sharp, Hauxton. 
 
 John Freake, Fulmer. 
 
 Thomas White, Horseheath. 
 
 George Best, All Saints, Cambridge. 
 
 Henry Bussy, LL.D., Fulbourn. 
 
 John Cragg, Coton. 
 
230 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 Thomas Barnby, Long Stowe. 
 Ralf Harrison, Litlington. 
 Robert Andrews, Papworth Agnes. 
 Francis Wiseman, Graveley. 
 
 Cfre C&urcf), 
 
 The church, dedicated to Holy Trinity, is a fine early 
 Decorated example of Gothic, nearly contemporaneous 
 with Trumpington. It has chancel, nave, north and south 
 aisles, and west tower. The whole building is in a rather 
 decayed state externally and requires careful restoration, 
 and some defects in the chancel caused in the 17th or 18th 
 centuries require remedying. 
 
 The east window has evidently been once a fine speci- 
 men of work, but the tracery is now gone, and most of the 
 east wall is occupied by an unsightly Grecian screen of 
 wood, on which the Commandments, &c, are blazoned, after 
 the fashion of the period. The window arch is filled in ; 
 a semicircular-headed window of the workhouse type has 
 been pierced in its stead. The hood-moulding of the 
 original window is still visible. On the north side are two 
 windows of three lights, having moulded jambs and good 
 hoods and arches. The south side has two similar windows, 
 and also a four-light example of peculiar but very excellent 
 design. The sedilia and piscina are very rich, and probably 
 the best in the county. The former consists of three fine 
 arcades, deeply moulded and cusped, and having hood- 
 moulds. The arches rise from shafts having richly-moulded 
 caps and bases. The whole effect of these sedilia is very 
 good, the broad mouldings and deep recesses furnishing 
 nice contrasts of light and shade. The piscina is formed 
 by a double arcade of two lights, with a central shaft, two 
 
Elsworth. 231 
 
 small stone shelves being introduced between the trefoiled 
 cusping of each light, on which to place the sacred vessels. 
 
 The roof is a modern and very poor specimen, and seems 
 to be only temporary. 
 
 One of the chief features of the chancel is the fine 
 Perpendicular stall-work, with its elaborate carving. They 
 are returned at the west end just where the screen once 
 stood, which last is now gone, the base or back of the seats 
 only being left. There is only a single row of seats, those 
 facing east being furnished with carved arms, and showing 
 signs of having once had misereres, which are now gone. 
 The backs on either side are ornamented with double 
 rows of draped panels, now dark with age, and possessing a 
 fine tone. The panels in front arc well traccried and 
 are enriched by a string moulding of a bold flowing vine 
 pattern. Eight boldly carved standards remain intact, show- 
 ing some good foliage. Not the least interesting part of 
 these stalls are the little lockers inserted under the book- 
 rest opposite the armed seats. These are original, and have 
 their old doors with draped panels, as well as their orna- 
 mental lock and hinges. 
 
 The chancel-arch is large and finely moulded, and seems 
 to have sprung from corbels, but the jambs appear to have 
 been cut into in some way (perhaps for the screen), as only 
 the abaci remain. The chancel is fine and large, and is 
 raised on five steps above the level of the nave. 
 
 The nave arcade is formed of four lofty arches on either 
 side, having clustered piers of four shafts, and moulded caps 
 and arches. There is a small clerestory of quatrefoiled 
 windows over the spandrels, something like that at Trump- 
 ington, only much smaller. The original small corbels (cut 
 into the form of masks) remain, but do not now support the 
 roof, the present one being modern, of a low pitch and bad 
 design. 
 
232 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 The wall of the north aisle is pierced by two windows, 
 one of which is reticulated, and has three lights ; the other 
 has evidently been similar, but its tracery is gone, and has 
 been replaced by nondescript wooden mullions. The east 
 window has unfortunately shared the same fate. The 
 west window has also reticulated tracery of a bold and 
 characteristic treatment, and has four lights. A string 
 runs under all the windows, as also over a fine doorway, 
 of which it forms a hood-mould. The roof is fiat and 
 plain. There are a few good old Perpendicular benches 
 remaining. 
 
 The south aisle is like its fellow in all essentials. The 
 east window is however intact and of four lights, and has a 
 head with flowing tracery of peculiar design. There is a 
 good piscina. A string-mould passes under the windows 
 and over the door, in the same manner as opposite. The 
 font stands here, and has a plain octagonal basin. Two 
 empty matrices of 15th-century brasses lie in the floor, 
 and there are traces of others. 
 
 The tower-arch has five mouldings or recessed chamfers, 
 and has no piers or jamb-shafts, the mouldings passing into 
 a plain respond. There is a plain west door, and a west 
 window of reticulated tracery and of three lights. Here 
 there is a plain old chest, which formed an essential fitting 
 to all churches in the olden time. 
 
 All the details of this interior are very good and pure, the 
 net-tracery of the windows being very deeply cut. Most 
 of the masonry has undergone the ordeal of whitewashing, 
 and the walls have been plastered about in places, but other- 
 wise the fabric is in good condition. There are four bells 
 hung in the tower. 
 
 We will now pass on to notice the exterior. The north 
 side of the nave has been recased with ugly brickwork 
 (probably done a century or more ago), and is in *a bad 
 
Elsworth. 233 
 
 state ; there are also brick buttresses. There is a good 
 north door, with moulded jambs. 
 
 The tower has fine massive buttresses, with good water- 
 parapets, which are ornamented with an embattled string in 
 a very interesting and rather curious manner. There is a 
 south turret staircase, which gives a good outline to the 
 tower. In the top stage there are good Decorated windows 
 of two lights. The tower parapet has late and debased 
 Perpendicular embattling, having pinnacles at the angles. 
 The north porch is also Perpendicular, with side lights. 
 
 The south side of the chancel has good old buttresses. 
 Here also, under the string beneath the windows, there is a 
 "leper" window, now blocked up, but which still retains 
 its iron bars. On the gable at the cast end there is a fine 
 old floriated cross, now mutilated. The whole exterior is 
 much plastered about. 
 
 The church at present seems almost destitute of monu- 
 mental remains, but Cole mentions a slab in the chancel to 
 the memory of Samuel Disbrowe, Esq., lord of the manor 
 (obiit 1690) with the arms — Or, on a fess sab. three bears'- 
 heads erased arg. muzzled gu. — for Disbrowe ; impaling 
 arg. on a chevron az. three cinquefoils or between three 
 torteaux — a chief vaire or and az. He was brother to 
 Major-Gen. Disbrowe, who married one of the Protector's 
 sisters. 
 
 " A° 1654. — Gen. John Disbrowe chosen for Cambridge- 
 shire, Somersetshire, and Totness in Devon." * 
 
 "A . 1660. — Resolved that Col. John Disbrowe, who, as 
 the House was this day informed, is seised upon by the 
 Sheriff of Essex, being found near the sea-side in those 
 parts, be forthwith sent up in custody to the Council of 
 State, who are to examine him touching the cause of his 
 * ' Journal of the House of Commons..' 
 
234 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 being in those parts, and to commit him or set him at 
 liberty, as they find cause." * 
 
 There was a slab to Thomas Whincop, S.T.D., of Trinity 
 College, rector for 24 years. It bore the arms — Sab. a fess 
 arg. charged with a crescent gu., in chief a covered cup or, 
 between 2 six-pointed mullets or ; impaling arg. two bars 
 sab., on the first a bezant or. Also the following — Whincop, 
 impaling quarterly 1 and 4 as last ; 2 and 3, arg. three 
 chevronels braced in base sab., a martlet gu. 
 
 There was a monument to Christopher Swale, 1654, with 
 the arms — az. a bend nebule arg. — for Swale ; impaling 
 arg. a fess indented sab. — for West. 
 
 On two hatchments were lately the coats — or, on a 
 chevron between three trefoils slipped sab. three estoils 
 arg. — Holworthy ; impaling Disbrowe : and the same 
 arms quarterly. 
 
 The following benefactions to the church may be 
 noticed : — 
 
 1 614. Thomas Campion left money to the poor, to be 
 given annually on Mid-Lent Sunday. 
 
 Mr. Newman, £6 for the poor. 
 
 1698. Mrs. Rose Disbrowe gave £ 10 to the poor. 
 
 " Ecclia de Elesworth in decanatu de Knapwelle et 
 Brune taxatur ad ^jf? m. Decimatur 30.y." — 1291. 
 
 1290-1. "Taxatur ad £30. Portio prions de Sco Jvone 
 in eadem £6 13s. \d. Bona abbatis de Ramsey in Elles- 
 word taxantur ad ^90." 
 
 " Ecclia de Ellsworth, est rector ad psentacoem abbatis et 
 conventus de Ramseye." 
 
 " Ecclia valet in regiis libris^"i4 6j."0^. Solvit Xmas 
 £ 1 8s. g\d. Procur' 8s. 6d." 
 
 * 'Journal of ihe House of Commons.' 
 
Elsworth. 235 
 
 In 1676 there were 250 inhabitants, no recusants, or 
 dissenters. 
 
 Rectors. 
 
 1349. Institutus est rector, nomine omisso. 
 1357. William Spencer, June 21. 
 1377. Thomas de Castro Bcrnardi, July 2. 
 1384. John de Neylond. (Lie. abs Kal. Oct.) 
 1389. Simon de Neylond. 
 
 1401. Henry Granneby, June 6. 
 1407. Ford. 
 
 1447. Thomas att Wod. 
 
 1456. Richard Ewen, Apr. 17. (p abb et convent de 
 Ramsey.) 
 
 William Hill. 
 
 1492. John Fynn, LL.B. (obiit Win, Hill). 
 1498. William Smith, LL.B., Feb. 16. 
 1 5 16. John Watson, S.T.B. 
 1536. Robert Truslowe, May 17. 
 
 Philip Baker (fled to Louvain, where he died). 
 
 1570. Robert Holbewe, Fellow of King's Coll. (deprivato 
 
 Philip Baker). 
 1579. Rudulphe Ventrys, Jan. 11. 
 1595. Dr. Pamant rated for his parsonage to raise 1 
 
 petronel furnished. 
 
 Dr. Thomas Whincop. 
 
 1662. Nicholas Dickhouse. 
 1694. William Lunn, M.A. 
 
 Cant aria in Elsworth. 
 
 1375. Thomas Bakere, 18 Kal. Sept. 
 
 1402. William Kyghton, June 7. 
 
236 Cambridgeshire Churches. 
 
 William Marshall. 
 
 1406. Walter Sharp (Lie celeb anual, Oct. 26). 
 1468. John Breton. 
 
 Robert Sterokyn. 
 
 1477. Andrew Cheselwryth, Nov. 2. 
 
 1523. Henry Gold, Aug. 16. 
 
 In the rectory manor the fine for renewal is certain, a 
 double quit rent, in the other it is at the will of the lord. 
 
 Dr. Franklin, by his will, dated June 27, 1695, left ^400 
 for building and endowing three almshouses for poor 
 widows. 
 
( *37 ) 
 
 Aldham, p. 27. 
 Allington, 150. 
 Andrew, 196. 
 Ansty, 167. 
 Argentine, 150. 
 Avenell, 211. 
 
 Bankes, 72. 
 Barker, 196. 
 Barrett, 39. 
 Barrington, 72. 
 Barnard, 167. 
 Bolles, 57. 
 Botitourt, no. 
 Bouchier, 27. 
 Bozam, 143. 
 Brakin, 177. 
 Brockett, 122. 
 Brown, 112. 
 Bruges, 190. 
 Burgoin, 143. 
 Burnell, no. 
 Busteler, 196. 
 Byng, 221. 
 
 Calverley, 54. 
 Candishe, 112. 
 Charleton, 71. 
 Chicheley, 31. 
 Clare, 189. 
 
 LIST OF FAMILIES 
 whose Arms are given in this volume. 
 
 Clopton, 30. Gardner, 210. 
 
 Conningesbye, 150. Gouldwell, 54. 
 Cornwall, 210. Grey, Bp. of Ely, 
 
 Cotton, 196. 
 Cropley, 134. 
 Cutts, in. 
 
 Darcey, 112. 
 Deschallcrs, 72. 
 Disbrowc, 233. 
 Docura, 113. 
 Drapers' Co., 96. 
 
 Ellis, 134. 
 Ely, see of, 33. 
 Engaine, 167. 
 England, 71. 
 Este, 113. 
 
 Farmer, 27. 
 Fassett, 190. 
 Ferby, 150. 
 Fitz waiter, 33. 
 Folke, of Cheveley, 
 
 Frene, 150. 
 Frevile, 63. 
 Fulbourn, 33. 
 
 Gainsford, 120. 
 
 153- 
 
 Hagar, 134. 
 Hamilton, 196. 
 Hare, 83. 
 Harvey, 153. 
 Henmarsh, 209. 
 Hereford, see of, 
 
 95- 
 Hindc, 112. 
 Holworthy, 234. 
 Hotham, Bp. of 
 
 Ely, 210. 
 Huddleston, 196. 
 Hussey, 190. 
 
 Jenyns, 153. 
 
 Kempe, 112. 
 
 Lancaster, 113. 
 London, see of, 33. 
 
 Mallet, 210. 
 Manning, 72. 
 Mannock, 120. 
 Meade, 191. 
 
2 3 8 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 Middleton, 150. 
 Mortimer, 153. 
 Mortlock, 196. 
 
 Nevile, 112. 
 
 Oakes, 113. 
 
 Palavicine, 72. 
 Paris, 196. 
 Pateshull, 225. 
 Pembroke, 120. 
 Petre, 195. 
 Pinchon, 39. 
 Pledger, 150. 
 
 Pope, 96. 
 
 Ramsey, abbey of, 
 
 ibid. 
 Redman, 54. 
 Routh, 112. 
 
 Savage, 209. 
 Saywell, 120. 
 Scudamore, 153. 
 Soame, ibid. 
 Somer, 221. 
 Southcote, 195. 
 Stead, 112. 
 Swale, 234. 
 
 Thorpe, 112. 
 Torrell, 54. 
 
 Vere, 196. 
 Villiers, 113. 
 
 Wasley, 72. 
 Wayte, III. 
 Welde, 112. 
 West, 234. 
 Whincop, ibid. 
 Wood, 37. 
 Wylde, 209. 
 
 Zouche, 27. 
 
 0ppentnr 3HL 
 
 PEDIGREES. 
 Chicheley, p. 38. 
 
 Clopton and Wood, of Fulbourn, 37. 
 Frevile, of Shelford, 64. 
 Hagar, of Bourn, 129. 
 Peche and Peverell, of Bourn, 126. 
 Zouche, of Swavesey, &c., &c., 101. 
 
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