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Captain Jeff 
 
 ■OR- 
 
 Frontier Life in Texas 
 
 -WITH THE- 
 
 TEXAS RANGERS 
 
 Some Unwritten History and Facts in the Thrilling Experiences of 
 
 Frontier Life. - The Battle and Death of Big Foot, the 
 
 Noted Kiowa Chief.— The Mortally Wounding and 
 
 Dying Confession of "Old Jape," the Coman- 
 
 chie, the Most Noted and Bloodthirsty 
 
 Savages that Ever Depredated on 
 
 the Frontier of Texas. 
 
 By One of the Nine 
 
 A Member of Company "E' 
 
 Texas Rangers. 
 
 1906 
 
 WHIPKEY PRINTING CO. 
 
 Colorado, Texas. 
 

 COPYRIGHTED 
 1906 
 BY W. J. MALTBY 
 

 CAPT. W. J. MALTBY (CAPT. JEFF). 
 
 Who Killed "Big Foot," the Notorious Kiowa Chief 
 After Being Nine Years on His Trail. 
 

PREFACE. 
 
 As this narrative records the killing of two ''Big Foot'^ 
 Indians it is due to the reader that I give dates of killings, 
 and the sections of country where their depredations took 
 place. 
 
 ''BigFoof first mentioned operated west of San An- 
 tonion, over the counties of Bexar, Medina, Frio, Uvalde, 
 Nueces, and elsewhere, and was killed by Captain William 
 (Big Foot) Wallace in 1853. His tribe is unknown. 
 
 Big Foot No. 2 was killed by Captain W. J. Maltby, 
 known as Captain Jeff, Commander of Company E, Frontier 
 Battalion Texas Rangers, in the year of 1874. Big Foot No. 
 2 depredated over the counties of Callahan, Coleman, Brown, 
 Llano, Mason, Burnett, Lampasas and Hamilton. His Lieu- 
 tenant. Jape, or Japy, the Comanche, was mortally wounded 
 when Big Foot was killed, and in his (Jape's) dying confes- 
 sion, said that Big Foot No. 2 was a Kiowa Chief, big and 
 brave, and had just come from the Fort Sill (U. S.) Reser- 
 vation. 
 
Publisher's Notice. 
 
 This book is written by Capt. W. J. Maltby, a noted 
 Pioneer, Frontiersman and Texas Ranger, who did more ser- 
 vice on the Frontier of Texas than any living man; com- 
 manding Texas Rangers nine years, and finally destroying 
 the worst band of Indians that ever depredated on the fron- 
 tier of Texas. 
 
 The story is one continued thrilling incident after an- 
 other from start to finish, which holds the attention of lov- 
 ers of fiction, romance and facts, and verifies the statement 
 that facts are stranger than fiction, whan told in the style 
 of the author, with his ready wit and great store of humor. 
 
 This book pays a just and noble tribute to all who took 
 part in the frontier life of Texas, that laid the foundation of 
 the Empire State of the Union, The book was born of ne- 
 cessity and pre-eminence as a reminder to the young as well 
 as the middle aged and the old heroes of that historical 
 time, whne the peace and safety of Texas' future hung 
 equally poised in the balances. 
 
 All should read ''Captain Jeff,'' because it gives facts as 
 they occurred and a truthful statement found in no other 
 history or writings, and all the tediousness has been eliminat- 
 ed and the story told in a brief, simple and convincing man- 
 ner, which makes it a book of value to all. 
 
 This book will be of inestimable value to every citizen 
 
of Texas, or anywhere else that wants to know anything of 
 Texas and her struggles with the redman for supremacy. 
 
 The first edition was quickly exhausted, and no doubt 
 this second edition will be sold as rapidly. 
 
 The price in paper binding is 50 cents and in cloth $1,00 
 15 cents extra on each copy when sent by mail. The book 
 can be obtained of N. C. Bawcom, Sweetwater, Texas; or 
 Capt. W. J. Maltby, Admiral, Callahan County, Texas. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 N. C. BAWCOM, 
 Agent and Manager, 
 
 Sweetwater, Texas. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 CHAPTER I. - 17 
 
 Capt. JefF Resigned his Commission as Captain of Co. G, Sev- 
 enteenth Texas Volunteer Infantry, McCullough's Brigade, 
 Walker's Division, Feb. 19, 1863, on account of bad health, and 
 went to his home in Burnett Co. , Texas. 
 
 CHAPTER n. 23 
 
 Indian depredations come thick and fast and the Big Foot In- 
 dian Kiowa Chief, the most formidable enemy of the frontier, 
 and his wonderful seeming providential escapes. 
 
 CHAPTER HI. 36 
 
 The disobedience of orders and the timidity of the women, 
 doubtless prolonged the wily Chief's existence. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. - - - . - - - - 48 
 
 The Civil War has ended. Gen. Lee has surrendered and our 
 Captain Jeff is hounded as a wolf by Federal soldiers, in which 
 the heroism of a true woman and noble wife is illustrated. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 55 
 
 Captain Jeff surrenders to the Federal authorities, in which 
 the old adags proves true a "Friend in need is a friend Indeed" 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 60 
 
 Capt. Jeff wrongfully indited • by the civil law, for which he 
 makes a bad break, but through the Christianizing influence 
 of the noble wife, he guards himself against like occurrences. 
 
 CHAPTER VH. . . . - , 62 
 
 His wife's little tea party. 
 
 CHAPTER VHI. 65 
 
 Richard Coke is elected governor. A battalion of Rangers is 
 ordered. Capt. Jeff is commissioned and raises a Company, 
 goes on duty and renews his pursuit of the Big Foot Indian. 
 
 CHAPTER IX. - - - - - 73 
 
 Sergeant Andrew Mather is sent on a scout in Callahan county 
 Camps near Caddo Peak. John Parsons is sent out to kill a 
 deer for meat, encounters Big Foot and band, makes his cele- 
 brated shot, Big Foot dodges the bullet and makes his escape. 
 
CHAPTER X. 77 
 
 Lieutenent Best is sent on a scout. Camps on Jim Ned and is 
 attacked after night by Big Foot and band. Cool bravery and 
 discipline whipped him off with the loss of only one horse. 
 
 CHAPTER XL 80 
 
 High water discipline and the Ranger feast. 
 
 CHAPTER xn - - - - - 85 
 
 Sargeant Mather is sent on a scout in Runnels county in which 
 discipline, coupled with individual bravery, kills the largest 
 bear in West Texas with a bowie knife. 
 
 CHAPTER Xni. 92 
 
 Captain Jeff's lucky No. *'9" and the promptings of the Still 
 small voice fully verified. 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 102 
 
 The buffalo hunt. Discipline and a lesson taught that military 
 organization could profit by its example. 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 107 
 
 The reduction and discharge of the Companies and fifty men 
 from each company in the Frontier Battalion and the return 
 home to its peaceful pursuits. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. ----- 109 
 
 Retrospective View. 
 
 CHAPTER XVH. Ill 
 
 Finale. At Mountain Dale, Home of Captain Jeff. 
 
 Captain Maltby Honored - - - - 115 
 
 PART n 
 
 Capt. Maltby's Reminiscences 118 
 
 A Letter from Captain Maltby 148 
 
 PART HI 
 
 Newspaper Extracts 159 
 
 Capt. Maltby Interviewed by a Reporter - - - 172 
 Homes for the People, Wealth for the State and Justice 
 
 for the Howlers 175 
 
 Homes for the People and Wealth for the State - - 179 
 
 Capt. Maltby's letter to the Belle Plains Alliance - 182 
 
 Old Time Memories 186 
 
 Fruit and Truck Growing in West Texas - - - 189 
 
 Speech by Capt. Maltby at the Illinois State Fair - 193 
 
 They were Comanches and Kiowas - - - - 201 
 
CAPTAIN JEFF 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Capt. Jeff Resigned his Commission as Captain of Co. G, Seventeenth Tex. 
 Volunteer Infantry, McCullough's Brigade, Walker's Divis- 
 ion, Feb. 19, 1863, on account of bad health, and 
 went to his home in Burnett Co. Texas. 
 
 On February l'9th, 1863, two horsemen 'were sden' winding 
 their way carefully through a creek bottom that was completely 
 covered with water for a distance of one and a half miles in 
 width, and ever and anon a plunge into swimming water would 
 be taken as they came to the depressions, or the sloughs, that ran 
 through the bottom; this was on the road that leads from Pine 
 Bluff, Ark., to Austin, Texas. Gen. John B. Walker's Division of 
 Confederate Soldiers had gone in to winter quarters near Pine Bluff. 
 The appearance of these horsemen denoted that they were Confed- 
 
18 
 
 erate officers or soldiers. Let us follow them to where they put 
 up that night, and inquire who they are and where they are going. 
 They put up that night at Farmer Jack McClure's, seventeen 
 miles from Gen. Walker's camp. On making the inquiry we find 
 that one of them is Captain Jeff, who had been in command of 
 Company "E/' Seventeenth Texas Volunteer Infantry, command-* 
 ed by R. T. P. Allen; G. W. Jones, Lieut. Col. The other man 
 is Lieut. D. Reed, as traveling companion. 
 
 On making further inquiry we find that on February 18th, the 
 day before this story commences, that Captain Jeff was regimental 
 officer of the day, and on being relieved from duty that evening 
 he went to Dr. Deport Smith's tent — Dr. Smith was the head 
 of the medical board. Tlie doctor said to him: "Captain, if you 
 are alive in the morning, I want yQU to write out your resigna- 
 tion and bring it to me, and I will put a certificate to it that will 
 take you out of this service at once. There is but one thing that 
 may prolong your life for an indefinite time, and that is the life- 
 giving atmosphere of Western Texas;" to which the captain re- 
 plied: "Well, Doctor, I have great faith and respect for you as a 
 doctor, but I have no fears of dying, being killed or drowning. 
 Some wise man sai.d, '^there is a Fate that shapes our ends,' etc. 
 and something seems to tell me that I have something to live 
 for; it may be something very commonplace; however, I will live to 
 perform it. It seems to be in the dim future to me, but that I 
 will live to perform whatever it may be, I haven't the least 
 doubt.^' 
 
 As this is the man we are to follow as the hero of this little 
 book, it is due the reader to give a short description of his per- 
 sonal appearance. He was born in Sangamon County, 111., De- 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 19 
 
 cember 17th, 1829; is six feet high, with breast and shoulders of 
 a lion, and weighs when in good health, two hundred pounds ; 
 with light complexion, expressive gra}^ blue eyes, and an unconquer- 
 able will or determination. But he is at this time a mere shadow 
 of his former phj^sical manhood. 
 
 The second and succeeding days of his and Lieut. Eeed's travelb 
 were a repetition of the first, plunging and swimming creeks^ bayous 
 and sloughs until they crossed the Trinity Eiver some four hundred 
 miles from where they started, w-hich almost demonstrates that he 
 had something to live for, or he never could have performed this 
 journey at this inclement season of the year on horseback, and we 
 may say with but little, if any change of apparel. But overcoming 
 all obstacles that lay in his path, he accomplished the distance 
 of six hundred miles to his home in twenty-five days, where he 
 found his true and devoted wife and two sweet children, Jeff and 
 Mollie, in the best of health. Here, the writer's pen is inadequate 
 to portray the happiness of that little family, so we leave the good 
 wife and mother to fix up little dainties and nicknacks to tempt 
 the appetite, tone up the stomach and help nature to give back 
 life and strength to the worn and weary soldier, while little Jeff 
 and Mollie climb on his knee, put their arms around his neck 
 and exclaim: "My papa, my papa !'^ While we call on Dr. Wilson 
 Barton, and ask him to go and lend his medical skill to make that 
 little family completely happy, which the good doctor joyously and 
 willingly did, and under his skillful treatment, coupled with the 
 kind nursing of his wife and the prattle of little Jeff and Mollie, 
 our subject soon regained his health and vigor. So on August 
 the 9th, 18G3, he donned his soldier's attire, and presented himself 
 for duty to Col. John S. Ford, who was commander of conscripts, 
 with headquarters at Austin, Texas. 
 
20 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 During the years of 1862 and 1863 the Indians had become more 
 troublesome than ever before, from its first settlement, and it was 
 much feared that they would rob the settlers of all their work-stock 
 until there would not be teams left to make bread for the women 
 and children. 
 
 As Col. Ford had seen and done as much service on the frontier 
 as any man, living or dead, and being personally acquainted with 
 Captain Jeff, he recognized the fact at once that in the person 
 of Captain Jeff, the opportunity was given him to do valuable 
 service on the frontier, in the protection of life and property, so 
 he ordered Captain Jeff to go home and to organize a company 
 of conscripts in Burnett County, and to act without any further 
 orders. To arrest all deserters and "bushwhackers" and to " kill 
 
 every » — Indian that puts his foot in the County." Here 
 
 the Captain smiled, and replied: "Well, Colonel, that 'foot' order 
 pleases me, for every light moon in this year of '63 our county has 
 been raided by a band of Indians and one of their number has 
 a remarkably big foot; it is generally believed by all that have seen 
 his tracks that he is a man of powerful physique, and is the chief 
 of his tribe, and I long to measure lances with him to decide 
 our prowess as soldiers of different nationalities." 
 
 With a smile of approval and a manly shake of the hand, the 
 Colonel said: "Go, and God be with you and give victory to the 
 right." 
 
 The Captain lost no time in going home and organizing the 
 company as he was ordered, and none too soon, for three days 
 after the organization. Big Foot and his band made a raid into 
 Captain Jeff's settlement, and stole most of the best work horses 
 and mules, and Big Foot had the audacity to go into the orchards 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 21 
 
 and gather fruit so that his tracks could be seen by any one as a 
 banter, "catch me if you can." Could his ears have been properly 
 opened, a "still small voice" would have whispered to him "Captain 
 Jeff lives, and he will live until you have to meet him face to 
 face. You may leave misery and desolation in your path, for 
 many moons, or even years, but the fates have decreed that he shall 
 hunt you down at last, and while your spirit is taking its de- 
 parture from this earth, where you have caused so much suffering 
 and sorrow, he will be riding at the head of his gallant Hanger boys 
 to carry the news that Big Foot's raids are at an end, and that 
 he met the reward that was decreed to him by Fate." 
 
 The next morning by early breakfast couriers began to arrive 
 at Captain Jeff's with the exciting news that last night Big Foot 
 had raided the entire neighborhood and stolen several of the neigh- 
 b(>rs' best horses and mules. 
 
 The Captain at once dispatched the couriers in different direc- 
 tions to notify his company to rendezvous at a certain point in 
 which the Indian trails led off and to bring as much bread as 
 they could conveniently carry, and some salt. This was the standing 
 order for rations ever afterwards. So by noon of that day, seven- 
 teen men were at the appointed spot, and took the traill and pressed 
 it with all possible speed through the roughs and breaks of the 
 Colorado River and across the San Saba River. 
 
 But as Big Foot and band had good fat, corn-fed horses to change 
 upon, they gained rapidly upon their pursurers, and, after four days 
 of hard persuit, the word "halt" was given; the trail was abandoned 
 and Captain Jeffs cherished hope of a deadly encounter with Big 
 Foot was deferred to an indefinite time. 
 
 The dazed and worried expressions of the men's faces for six long 
 
22 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 days as they wended their way back, was distressing indeed, they 
 having accomplished nothing but to find out and fully locate the trail 
 that Big Foot and band had in the last twelve months driven thir- 
 teen droves of horses across the same crossing of the San Saba 
 Eiver. After ten days they reached home, horses and men badly 
 jaded, as the men had not eaten anything for the last six days 
 but meat, salt and water. 
 
 Before the Captain disbanded his men he told them to get 
 their horses in as good shape as possible, and to have everything in 
 readiness for the 7iext light moon, for said he: "The next time 
 Big Foot raids this county I will beat him to that crossing on the 
 San Saba, and there lie in wait and snuff out his light, or die in 
 the attempt, God helping me." 
 
 So with sullen and sad countenances they bid each other adieu 
 for the time being, not knowing that they were destined to realize 
 more such sad experiences before the wily Big Foot, chief of the 
 Kiowa tribe, was outgeneraled by his determined adversary, as the 
 sequel will prove. 
 
 When the Captain made the vow to his men that the next time 
 Big Foot made a raid he would beat him to that crossing on the 
 San Saba, or die in the attempt, he did not know how soon he would 
 be called upon to fulfill that vow, nor the trying circumstances under 
 which it was to be performed. 
 
 A's he had a fine stock of horses and the Indians were getting 
 more or less of them every light moon, he decided to gather them 
 and drive them to Caldwell County below the line of Indian 
 raids. So, the last day he gathered horses was on Sunday. He 
 rode hard all that day and got home just at sundown, unsaddled 
 his horse and staked him out as he had no feed to feed him, and 
 got back to the house and ate his supper after which he and hib 
 wife walked out and took chairs on the gallery. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 Indian Depredations Come Tliiclc and Fast and the Big Foot Indian Kiowa 
 
 Chief, the Most Formidable Enemy of the Frontier, and his 
 
 Wonderful Seeming Providential Escapes. 
 
 The Captain's first lieutenant, John Owens, rode up to the front 
 gate and reported that the Indians had just killed Wafford Johnson 
 and family about one mile south of the Captain's house. 
 
 He at once went and brought up his tired horse, threw the saddle 
 on and mounted him, without any protest by his brave and noble 
 wife at being left alone, and as he rode off she said: "Jeff, go and 
 avenge the death of those noble and good people, and may God 
 bless you and bring you safe back to me and the children." 
 
 Such was the woman worthy to be the wife of the man who 
 was destined to rid the bleeding frontier of the State of Texas 
 of the two most barbarous and bloody savages that ever depredated 
 upon it, namely: Big Foot, the Kiowa Chief, and Jape, the Co- 
 manche, his first lieutenant. 
 
24 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 As Captain Jeff and Lieut. Owens rode off from the Captain's 
 house he said : "Now, Lieut. Owens, our physical abilities will be 
 put to tlie strain, I have ridden forty miles today, we will be com- 
 pelled to ride as much as forty miles tonight to get our company 
 rendezvoused in mai^rching order at the spot where the Johnson fam- 
 ily were killed. It is ninety miles from there to the noted cross- 
 ing of the San Saba Eiver, and you know at the termination of our 
 last scout I made a vow that I would beat the next Indians that 
 raided us to that crossing, or die, God helping me. Lieut. Owens, I 
 will perform that feat." 
 
 The first house they reached was Alex Barton's. He had on*» 
 good horse at his house, three other good ones in his field. 
 
 He quickly saddled his horse to accompany them in calling the 
 company together, remarking as he threw on the saddle: "I will 
 ride Kate to-night, and get one of my horses out of the field 
 in the morning to ride on the scout. Poor fellow, he did not know 
 what the morning held in store for him. 
 
 Captain Jeff, Lieut. Owens and Barton rode all night notifying 
 and giving orders for the members of the Company to assemble 
 at the point designated, at as early hour as possible, with arms, 
 bread and salt. At about four o'clock in the morning as these 
 three were returning they had to cross the San Gabriel creek, one 
 bank of which made a part of Barton's field fence. 
 
 The crossing on the creek was near the steep bank that made 
 a part of Barton's fence, and it was very bushy, and just as they 
 reached that point the Captain said, "Stop boys, the Indians are 
 right here." They suddenly halted, looked wildly around, and as 
 they did not see nor hear the Indians, they commenced to laugh. 
 The Captain remarked: "You need not laugh, the Indians are right 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 25 
 
 here, or very near here, for I smell them; this is not the first 
 time I have smelt Indians of a night when they could not be seen, 
 and have proved it to the men that were with me at the time." So 
 when daylight dawned and Barton went out into his field to get his 
 fresh horse to ride on the scout, the revelations proved that at the 
 time our party crossed the creek and Captain Jeff said that he 
 smelt them, they (the Indians) had Barton's horses rounded up on 
 the high bank in the field where they caught them. They went 
 around and let down the fence and crossed the creek at the same 
 crossing that our party had just crossed. On examination of the 
 tracks it was plainly evident that Big Foot got Barton's horses. 
 One of Barton's horses was a very fine mare, gentle to handle, but 
 not broke to ride, and just after crossing the creek where the Captain 
 smelt them, one of them tried to ride her and she threw him, 
 evidence of which the marks on the ground disclosed ; and they killed 
 her then and there to let the hated pale faces know that if they 
 could not use her no one else should. 
 
 Had Big Foot been a few minutes longer in getting to the cross- 
 ing of the creek he would have met his sworn and determined enemy 
 but it seems that the time was not full ripe for the final contest, 
 so we go forward and chronicle the events just as they transpire. 
 The Captain reached his home that morning just at day light and 
 found his noble wife preparing his breakfast with the full hope that 
 he would be there in due time to take breakfast with her, and rest 
 for only a few minutes. The children had not yet awakened, so 
 he softly went to the bed and kissed their sweet and innocent 
 faces, sat down and partook of a hearty breakfast, put his arms 
 around his wife, kissed her, and gently patting her on the shoulder 
 told her to be of good cheer, that in due time he would return; 
 
26 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 that he had full faith and hope that "God would protect the right/' 
 So saying he walked out and mounted his tired horse and urged 
 him forward for one more mile to the spot where Wafford Johnson 
 and family fell brutally murdered by Big Foot and his savage band. 
 In twenty minutes from the time he left home his horse that 
 had carried him seventy or eighty miles in the last twenty-four hours 
 carried him to the tragic spot of the evening before. 
 
 When he reached the place but two or three of his men were 
 there in his advance. Dismounting, he walked to a pool of blood 
 where Johnson had lain in the road. There was Big Foot's tracks 
 plainly to be seen wheire he had bent over Johnson's body to take off 
 his pistol belt and scabbord. 
 
 In looking further over the ground, the road ran close by a dense 
 dogwod thicket, in which a noise was heard, and on further ex- 
 amination of the cause of the noise, it was found that Mrs. John- 
 son as she ran her horse close by the thicket, threw her 
 baby boy of one year old in the thicket, with a mother's never dying 
 love to the last, that he might escape discovery by the Indians, and 
 be found by some friendly hand that would kindly take care of her 
 darling baby boy. The poor little fellow lay where he fell in the 
 thicket all night, a prey to the wild beasts of the jungle/ with an 
 arrow through his right arm. 
 
 His uncle soon came on the ground, and took the little suf- 
 ferer to where he could get nourishment and attention. The cir- 
 cumstances of the killing of Johnson are supposed to be these : 
 
 A Mr. Whitehead, lived about a mile from Johnson. On Sunday 
 morning Johnson and family, consisting of wife and three children, 
 visited Mr. Whitehead where they remained until late in the day 
 when they started home horseback. Mrs. Johnson rode with her oldest 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 27 
 
 girl beind her and her baby boy in her lap; Johnson rode another 
 horse and carried his second daughter, a beautiful little girl of four 
 summers, in his lap. She was his idolized pet. She and Johnson 
 must have been killed when the attack was first made, for when 
 found he had his left arm around her, his right arm had been 
 used to defend her to the last moment. 
 
 The oldest girl who rode behind Mrs. Johnson, jumped off the 
 horse and was not discovered by the Indians, and she ran home, 
 which was only some three hundred yards from where the attack 
 was made. Mrs. Johnson's hdrse ran some one hundred yards before 
 she fell, her body filled with arrows. Eeader, my pen utterly fails to 
 portray to you my fellings while I have to chronicle the short de- 
 tails of this foul murder that was blacker than hell itself. 
 
 All that we could say was: "Go on. Big Foot, your day of retri- 
 bution must, shall and will come." 
 
 By the time the sun was one hour high the company, to the 
 number of thirty men, had assembled. The Captain selected fifteen 
 men with the best horses, and put the other fifteen on the trail and 
 told them to follow it for six days, and he offered one hundred dollars 
 reward to the man that killed the Indian that carried Wafford 
 Johnson's pistol. 
 
 The Captain's horse was completely exhausted for the time being, 
 but an old man by the name of Baker offered him his horse, which 
 was a good one, which he thankfully accepted. The change of saddles 
 was quickly made, and mounting Mr. Baker's horse, he said to the 
 fifteen men he had selected : "All that think they can !ride ninety 
 miles in the next twenty-six or twenty-eight hours, follow me; for, 
 God helping me, I will ride it if I get there alone, and block Big 
 Foot's passage across the San Saba River and kill him if I can, or be 
 
28 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 killed." He led off and all the fifteen followed him. They rode 
 steadily forward until noon; halted, and let their horses crop a 
 few moiithsful of grass while they ate a hasty lunch. In thirty 
 minutes they were again in their saddles, pressing forward, and 
 continued to do so until after dark when they came to a ranch 
 house where they got a feed of corn for their horses, and while 
 the horses were eating the men also ate their supper. Here the rest was 
 prolonged for an hour, at the expiration of which time they were 
 again in their saddles and pressing forward to the noted Indian 
 crossing on the San Saba River. They rode steadily on until the 
 new day was breaking when the Captain said "halt"' as they were 
 in a nice place to take a rest and let their tired horses rest and eat 
 grass for an hour while they ate a lunch themselves. 
 
 At sunrise they were again in their saddles pressing forward, 
 and in half an hour they struck the noted Indian trail that led 
 through narrow gaps in the mountains to the crossing of the San 
 Saba River. The Captain was in the lead when they struck the 
 trail. He raised his hat and smilingly said : "Come on, boys !" and 
 rode straight forward across the trail, which the men thought w^s 
 a strange proceeding, for they thought he would follow the trail. 
 
 He rode steadily forward for one mile, when he halted, and 
 when the men all came up he explained to them what they thought 
 was strange in him in riding straight across the trail. 
 
 He said: "Boys, when we struck the trail I could hardly keep 
 from hollowing, for I saw if Big Foot is aiming to cross the 
 San Saba at his regular crossing that we are ahead of him andj 
 time to spare; and if he is coming on the trail behind us, had we 
 taken the trail when he struck our fresh horse tracks ahead of 
 him he would have turned his course and crossed somewhere else. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 29 
 
 So it is good luck for us, but puts us under the painful necessity of 
 riding several miles further in making a circle several miles further 
 around to the crossing." They all agreed that he had taken the 
 proper course. 
 
 They rode steadily forward making a circle of the crossing and 
 reached it in twenty-eight hours from the time of starting, making 
 ninety-five miles in twenty eight hours without change of horses or 
 a wink of sleep. And now with dispatch every thing was put in 
 proper shape to accomplish what they had ridden so hard for, should 
 the sipportunity present itself in the coming of Big Foot and his band. 
 Two men were sent back to an elevated spot that commanded the 
 trail for some distance, and Captain Jeff felt sanguine that he, after 
 another hard effort, had set the trap that Big Foot would walk into. 
 
 As nothing further could be arranged or perfected, Liuet. Owens 
 insisted that Captain Jeff lie down and take a sho*rt sleep, 
 for said he: "No man living can stand up longer than you have; 
 you have ridden one hundred and sixty-five miles without one wink 
 of sleep. An iron will and a nerve of steel can not stand any 
 more, and when the critical moment does come, we want you at 
 your best; so lay down and sleep just two hours, and I will wake 
 you up, and then I will lie down and sleep till you wake me up.'' 
 Feeling sure that everything was so arranged that should the Indians 
 come while he was asleep that they could not escape, he lay down 
 and in two minutes he was sound asleep, for the utmost of man's 
 endurance had been reached. 
 
 As all the men had been instructed to sleep two hours alter- 
 nately, Lieut. Owens let the Captain sleep three hours, when he 
 woke him. And when the Captain had bathed his face with a can- 
 teen of pure spring water that had just been brought from a cold 
 
30 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 spring that gushed out of the bluff on the river, he said: "Lieut., 
 I feel very much refreshed, and am in much better shape to tackle 
 that Big Foot Indian than when I got here. At all events, I wish 
 he would put in his appearance and let us decide the contest that 
 must be decided sooner or later, and he is not in sight yet. I want 
 you to lie down and sleep until I wake you, for 1 want you to stand 
 guard with me tonight a quarter of a mile from camp on the 
 trail." 
 
 At six o'clock there was no sign of the Indians, and Captain 
 Jeff roused up all the men and told them to prepare supper, so they 
 could eat and put out all the fire before dark, which was done. 
 And no Indians yet! Everything was properly arranged at the 
 crossing and the Captain took Lieut. Owens and went back on the 
 trail to a big liveoak tree that stood some three or four feet from 
 the trail. They sat down with their backs to the tree where they 
 had full view of the trail for some distance. 
 
 About twelve o'clock they saw something coming down the trail, 
 and as it came nearer, they saw that it was an old buck (deer). 
 Captain Jeff put his hand to his side and slowly direw his big Bowie 
 knife and slipped his arm slowly up the tree, and when the big buck 
 got just opposite to where he sat, he threw the knife with lightning 
 speed and its point went straight to the mark. The buck bounded 
 high in the air. and fell on his back dead, with the knife driven to the 
 handle square through his heart. 
 
 Lieut. Owens remarked : "Captain, that was well done. I think 
 Providence sent us that buck, for we are almost famished for meat, 
 and we are not allowed to shoot any for fear of driving off the game 
 of which we are in pursuit." They lifted the buck off of the trail, 
 extracted the knife from the heart, opened him with it and took out 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 31 
 
 his intestines and turned him over so that all the blood would drain 
 out. They had brought two canteens of water with them to use 
 through the night. Captain Jeff said: "Lieut., we will use one of 
 these to wash our hands for we can afford to be short on water, to 
 be long on such meat as this, for we are almost famished for one 
 square meal, and tomorrow we will have it. Big Foot or no Big 
 Foot," after which conversation they took their respective stations 
 at the bi^: tree and sat out their lonely and silent vigil through the 
 remainder of the night, and no Indians yet. 
 
 When daylight was fully come they fastened their buck's legs 
 together, hunted up a suitable pole which they slipped through 
 them and each one took an end of the pole and they bore him into 
 camp in the same manner that Moses' spies brought grapes from the 
 Promised Land. When they reached camp there was much wond3r 
 aad surprise among the boys as to how such a fine deer could be 
 captured without the use of fire arms. Lieut. Owens replied: "We 
 got him as Abraham got the ram for his sacrifice, or in equally 
 as miraculous a manner. It was sent to us as an offering for 
 breakfast, and if you all feel like I do, the offering is truly and 
 thankfully received.'' 
 
 As the camp was in good shape, the men rested. The only 
 thing necessary to make each of them half horse and half aligator 
 was just one more square meal, and that was plainly in sight. 
 
 As Captain Jeff had only slept three hours in the last three 
 days and nights, sleep was absolutely necessary before food. He 
 therefore turned the command of the company over to Lieut. Owens 
 for the next six hours. He placed a rock against a tree for a pillow, 
 spread down his saddle blanket for a bed, told the boys that he 
 was going to sleep for six hours, and he hoped they would leave 
 
32 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 enough of the buck for him a square meal when he was waked at 
 twelve o'clock, whereupon he stretched himself on his downy couch, 
 and was in the land of forgetfulness in two minutes. 
 
 Ah, Sleep ! Sleep, sweet sleep ! What a boon to us mortals ! 
 The iron will, the nerve of steel must succumb in the absence of its 
 life and health-giving influence! 
 
 While Captain Jeff sleeps to gain strength for any emergency 
 that might arise, and all the rest are put on guard or picket duty 
 except two, who are detailed to cook, let us take a peep into how 
 Texas Rangers can cook good bread and get up a good meal without 
 any semblance of a cooking vessel. 
 
 The first our cooks do is to make a good fire out of dry wood, 
 and while it is burning down into good coals, they proceeded to 
 strip the hide off the buck; they then wash all the blood off the hide 
 and hang it up for a few minutes to drip. They then spread it down 
 and put the flour, salt and soda in sufficient quantities to make 
 it light and pliable, they then cut up fine a quantity of the inside 
 fat and put in sufficient water and knead it well, using the hide 
 as a bread pan. They then get some nice straight sticks three or 
 four feet long, the size of a man's thumb, peel off the bark, sharpen 
 one end. They then take some of the dough and wrap it around 
 the blunt end of the stick for one foot in length or more, and stick 
 the sharp end in the ground leaning it the proper angle over the 
 fire, so it will cook to a finish, the inside fat that was cut up in 
 the flour equally distributed the grease all through the bread, 
 and better bread could not be cooked anywhere or in anyway. They 
 cook the meat with the same stick process, only both ends of the 
 stick are sharpened and the stick is forced half way through the 
 piece of meat and the sharp ends of the stick alternately turned 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 33 
 
 and stuck in the ground, as the case may require. In this manner 
 a savory meal was gotten up, and all the men in turn got a meal 
 never to be forgotten. 
 
 They ate and thanked kind Providence that ^sent them the 
 fine buck, went and relieved those who stood on guard, and' they 
 came and did likewise. 
 
 By the time all had been boutifully fed, Captain Jeff had 
 slept his six hours, and Lieut. Owens awoke him and poured water 
 out of a canteen while he washed and bathed his face and head, 
 after which he said : "I am as hurgry as a bear," and casting his 
 eyes towards the fire he said that his boys in their feast had not 
 forgotten him, for there on a stick was one full side of ribs of the 
 big buck, cooked to a turn and two stickes of as good bread as was 
 (ver eaten; and one of the cooks coming up with a canteen of pure, 
 cold spring water. The Captain sat down and did not rise 
 until the last rib was picked and the last mouthful of bread was eaten. 
 He rose, picked up the canteen and washed it all down with a quart 
 of the cold spring water; he then began humming: 
 
 "The Big Foot Indian, with his pretty little squaw, 
 He can't feel better than I do now;" 
 after which he filled his big pipe, lit it, sat down, leaned back 
 against a tree a perfect pict^ire of physical manhood and content- 
 ment. After he had finished his pipe, he got up and began to walk 
 the camp. Stopping suddenly where some of the men were lounging 
 on the grass, he said : "Boys, these things are getting very monot- 
 onous to me, and I reasonably suppose it is to a^ou, but let us bear 
 it with all the patience we can for twenty- four hours more; we may 
 yet be rewarded for our perseverance, vigilance and patience.'" 
 
 The same routine of duties were kept up until nine o'clock the 
 
 3 
 
34 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 next day, and no Indians yet, at which time a man strode into camp 
 heavily armed with two army six-shooters and a government musket. 
 His appearance caused every man to rise to his feet. His general 
 appearance fully denoted that he was a son of ''old Erin's green 
 Isle/' ■ He saluted the party with "Gude morning, gintlemen, and 
 is this Captain Giff's camp?" (to which he was answered in the 
 affirmative), "and, thin, is the gintleman prisent?" The Captain 
 stepped forward and said, "I am the man." "Will, thin, yer honor, 
 I have bin sint here to inform ye that the Ingins crost the river 
 six miles beyant here two days ago." "Pat are you sure the Indians 
 crossed the river six miles above here two days ago?" "I am, sor, 
 for don't ye think the domn bludy bugar of a Big Fute chafe was 
 musket," at which the boys set up a laugh that reverberated 
 after following me about four miles up the river, and he fired a ball 
 at me, and it struck jist firninst me hale; and I didn't have a domn 
 thing to defind meself wid but these two large six-shooters and the 
 for miles up and down the San Saba river. The Captain joined in 
 the laugh with the boys and made a full hand. After the merri- 
 ment had somewhat subsided, the Captain said : "Pat, had you been 
 armed, you would have 'mixed' it with the chief, wouldn't you?" to 
 which Pat replied, "And sure I would, sor." "And what sort of 
 arms did you want, Pat?" "I think, sor, the way that big chafe 
 looked while he was chasing me up the river, that I wanted about 
 three Gatlin guns that could shoot 990 times in a minute, sor; 
 why, sor, he is the biggest mon ye ever saw, and his fute is two fate 
 long." Just at this juncture a bunch of cattle came down the trail. 
 The Captain drew his big six-shooter and shot down a fat yearlings 
 and said : "Boys, dress that fellow and barbecue him as soon as you 
 can, and we will leave this camp of disappointment just as soon as 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 35 
 
 that is done." Pat picked up his gun that had been standing by a 
 tree, threw it on his shoulder, and said: "Well, gintlemen, I'll be 
 after bidding yons the time of day, and gude luck to yous all." The 
 Captain said: "Why, Pat, you ain't a-going to leave before dinner? 
 We are going to have a fine barbecued beef for dinner." He replied : 
 "Thank ye, sor; I have a lunch wid me, and I'd rather maKe my 
 journey while yous are here than to make it when yous are gone," 
 and he walked off. When he reached the river bank the Captain 
 called after him: "I say, Pat, you'd better get you one of them 
 Gatlin guns, for you don't know when you may meet that Big Foot 
 fellow." Pat stopped, faced around, and replied: "And sure you 
 are right, yer honor, and I'll be after gettin' me one at me first con- 
 venience." He turned and stepped down the hank, and was never 
 seen any more, but he had the sympathies of all that knew him in 
 his supposed tragic death. 
 
 By two o'clock the meat was well barbecued, and the orders were 
 given to pack up, and the homeward march was begun. They rode 
 silently and sullenly, with a dazed expression of countenance, for 
 they fully realized that the opportunity to meet the big chief in 
 deadly conflict was to be deferred to some indefinite time, for by thid 
 time he and his band were safely housed in his mountain fastness, 
 surrounded by his many braves, his many wives and numerous 
 papooses. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 The Disobedience of Orders and the Timidity of the Women, Doubtless 
 Prolonged the Wily Chief's Existance. 
 
 They reached home the third day after they broke camp, and 
 nothing worthy of note had transpired during their absence. They 
 found their families all well, and no report of Indians. The 
 next morning Captain Jeff mounted his horse and rode around to 
 inquire why his orders had been disobeyed, and why the fifteen men 
 that he had put on the trail with orders to folow it six days, 
 failed to do so. Their only excuse was, they had no one 
 to leave with their wives, who refused to be left alone. Mark the 
 contrast between those women and the wife of our hero on the same 
 occasion, when she kissed him good-bye, and said : "Jeff, go and 
 avenge the death of those good and noble people." Had other 
 wives been possessed of the same spirit, the opportunity was then 
 offered to overtake Big Foot and mete out to him the punishment he 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 37 
 
 SO justly deserved for the base murder of so many defenseless women 
 and children. In this instance, in place of Big Foot going out of 
 the neighborhood the same direction he went many times before, 
 that went to the crossing on the San Saba river, after some ten 
 miles he tacked back due south through the cedar brakes of Burnet 
 County, went north through Llano County and killed two men that 
 were ploughing, and leisurely went on and crossed the San Saba 
 river six miles above where Captain Jeff had been lying in wait for 
 him twenty-four hours in his advance. 
 
 The disobedience of orders in all probability prolonged the wily 
 chief's existence to an indefinite time to commit many more horrible 
 crimes on defenseless women and children. 
 
 After this raid Burnet County had immunity from the visits of 
 Indians for three light moons, and the constant and daily fear began 
 to somewhat subside. At the expiration of this time Captain Jeff 
 had retired for the night, when a "Hello \" was heard at his front 
 gate. He sprang out of bed, opened the door and inquired, "What is 
 wanting?" His caller informed him that the Indians were in, and 
 that the settlement would be raided that night. He quickly donned 
 his clothes, kissed his wife an affectionate "bye-bye," as if he were 
 going to a picnic, went and saddled his horse, and as he rode by the 
 gate, she hollered after him : "Jeff, I hope you will catch that big 
 rascal this time." This was the kind of metal that rescued the 
 bleeding frontier from the merciless savages and made it a fit abode 
 for those that came after them, and they were never honored for 
 their hardships, dangers and privations incident thereto. 
 
 We return to follow Captain Jeff after he left his home on this 
 occasion. His experience had taught him that it was almost im- 
 possible to trail the Indians and overtake them, therefore it was 
 
38 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 necessary to get ahead of them and lie in wait at some noted pass that 
 was known to be their passway; so thinking the matter over as he 
 rode, he found that nine of his men lived in the direction or partial 
 direction of one of the Indians' noted pass-ways. He therefore 
 pressed forward to the first and roused him up, and he saddled his 
 horse, got his arms and started with him, and they two rode to the 
 next house, where the same program was carried out, and so on until 
 the nine men were in their saddles and pressing forward to the noted 
 Spy Mountain pass, thirty miles from the Captain's home, which 
 they reached by hard riding at six o'clock in the morning. 
 
 They had no provisions with them, only what little cold bread 
 that was left at their different homes the evening before and a lii tie 
 sack of salt that Captain Jeff always carried in his saddle pocket so 
 as to have salt in an emergency, for good beef could be obtained at 
 any time or place, with nothing but the trouble to pick out the 
 size wanted and kill it, for the Captain's Company held a carte- 
 blanche to use beef out of any mark or brand when in pursuit of 
 Indians. So, when reaching Spy Mountain, they found that they 
 were ahead of the Indians. 
 
 A buch of cattle was grazing near by. The Captain ordered Bill 
 Donivan, who was an expert roper, to rope a fat calf for breakfast, 
 for their appetites were whetted to a razor edge, after their hard 
 ride through the night. Captain Jeff had ridden fifty or sixty miles 
 from ten o'clock at night to six o'clock that morning, the zig-zag 
 course taken to collect his men. The calf was soon roped, killed and 
 dressed. 
 
 Two men were put on Spy Mountain to watch for the approach 
 of the Indians. The horses were tied behind a thicket that hid 
 them from view, with their saddles and bridles on, so that they 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 39 
 
 could be mounted at a moment's warning. Everything was put in 
 perfect readiness to welcome the Indians with hospitable hands to 
 bloody graves should they come. 
 
 As yet no indications from the spies. The Captain told his men 
 to cut and broil beef to suit themselves; he chose for his part a 
 half side of ribs. So in less time than it takes to. write it, sticks were 
 cut and run through pieces of meat, Ranger style, and stuck up 
 around the fire that had been built at the start so as to have the 
 coals in readiness. The men were not forgotten that were on guard, 
 and two big, fine hunks were put up to roast for them. The meat 
 was soon cooked to a rare state just to suit the taste of a Texas 
 Ranger. All the cold bread was brought forward, which was ample 
 foi one meal, and this meal of cold bread and broiled beef was enjoyed 
 as much as any meal that was ever eaten at the famous Delmonico 
 restaurant in the city of New York. After they had finished their 
 meal the spies were kept up alternately every two hours through the 
 l^tire day until near sundown, the horses standing just as they were 
 placed, without feed or drink the entire day, which was really hard 
 on the poor, faithful creatures, but the necessity required it, and it 
 had to be done. 
 
 Just as the sun was setting the spies discovered a lone horseman 
 coming through the gap in the mountain the Indians were expected 
 to come through, which was quickly reported, and every 
 man mounted his horse and stood ready to receive the report of the 
 lone horseman, who soon came up with the speed of a frightened 
 deer. It proved to be Rheuben Senterfit, well-known to all our party 
 as a fearless rider, and he was mounted on a superb West Texas 
 horse that had the wind and sure foot equal to any horse in the 
 world. He reined up his horse and said: "Boys, I knew you were 
 
40 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 here, and I have ridden for life to be in at the killing. The Indians 
 left the trail south of the gap and have gone south of you." At that 
 moment he looked in a southwesterly direction, and said : "There 
 go the damn rascals now! Boys, look on the top of that bald hill," 
 which was a mile or more distant from where they stood. He led, 
 with all the others close at his horse's heels, in this race, the most 
 headlong and furious riding that the writer has ever witnessed. 
 
 Their speed soon brought them to the top of the hill that they 
 saw the Indians go over. Here they halted, and Senterfifs dog struck 
 the trail and gave them the direction they had gone. They looked 
 and discovered them below the base of the mountain, some half a mile 
 distant, or more. They were riding like dare-devils, driving a bunch 
 of about forty horses, over ground that didn't look safe to ride over 
 in a'wallk. 
 
 The plunge down that mountain in pursuit was fearful 
 indeed. They reached its base in safety, and on and on, with the 
 same headlong speed, over honey-comb rock that did not seem possible 
 for horses to be driven over faster than a walk. The Indians saw 
 that they were hotly and closely pursued, when one of them cried 
 out, "Jeff a ! Jeffa ! Jeffa !" at which time they abandoned the horses 
 they were driving and rode for life. That "Jeffa"— "Jefa," "Jefa," 
 as they pronounced it — struck double terror to their hearts and, if 
 possible, lent power to their exertions for safety. 
 
 But our pursuers of nine men gained steadily upon the nine 
 savages, and when there was only a space of forty yards between the 
 pursuers and the pursued two shots rang out, and at that instant the 
 savages disappeared as if the earth had opened and swallowed them, 
 all but two horses that were standing stock still on the spot where 
 the pursued had disapepared. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 41 
 
 The writer here wishes to explain the wherefore of this strange 
 occurrence. Just as the two shots range out from Captain Jeff's 
 party the Indians' horses had reached the very brink of a perpen- 
 dicular bank of a deep ravine, whose banks were all of ten feet high 
 or deep ; its bottom was covered with a dense growth of small native 
 timber, and its real presence would not be discovered until you were 
 on its very brink, particularly if you were riding fast and goin^ di- 
 rectly to it. 
 
 The two shots fired as mentioned may have lent an additional 
 impetus to both the I»dians and their' horses in making such a head- 
 long leap; be that as it may, the leap was successfully made, and 
 just at that propitious moment for the Indians, the darkness of night 
 spread her black mantle over the scene and heavy rain commenced 
 pouring down. 
 
 The writer heft-e wishes to ask, "Was this occurrence, and many 
 more similar to it, yet to be recorded in this little narrative of facts, 
 (yes, positive facts, that are recorded just as they occurred) providen- 
 tial ?" Truly, I ask, "Were the Indians on this occasion protected by 
 a special Providence, and many similar occasions, as the further pe- 
 rusal of this narrative will show?" 
 
 When the pursuers reached the bank of the canyon where the two 
 horses stood, they could plainly hear Big Foot giving orders to his 
 men in a loud, clear, Indian voice. It would have been poor gener- 
 alship under the adverse circumstances to have climbed down that 
 bluff, where all would have been killed without ever having seen 
 an Indian. They would have picked off each man as he climbed down 
 a tree, as there was no other way of descent except to jump down, 
 which last method might have caused some broken or badly strained 
 legs; there was nothing else to do but miake virtue out of pressing 
 
42 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 necessity to provide for the famished and jaded horses, only to draw 
 off to a safe distance from the Indians' arms and to camp for the 
 night. 
 
 A beautiful little rivulet wound its way into the main canyon, 
 up which he went some fourth of a mile, where he found good grass 
 and water for his famished horses. Here they were unsaddled and 
 picketed out, and five men, the Captain as one, formed a circle or 
 cordon around the horses, and the other four men spread down their 
 saddle blankets on the wet ground with their saddles for a pillow. 
 They were so fatigued that they were soon asleep and dreaming pleas 
 ant dreams in place of the exciting scenes that had just been passed 
 through. 
 
 xAt one o'clock the sleepers were roused up, and took the places of 
 the Captain and his guard, who in turn took theitt* places on the 
 pallets and were fast asleep in two minutes, which sleep was abso- 
 lutely necessary for the trials that lay before them for the morrow. 
 At daylight all were up, saddled their horses and rode to where the 
 Indians made the leap, and the two poor horses that they could not 
 force over the bluff had not moved off more than fifty yards. They 
 were literally whipped (some parts of them) almost to a jelly. Here 
 the Captain led his men down the canyon some hundred yards to 
 where the bluff terminated and where there was a crossing, and here 
 they struck the Indians' trail. After following it some three hun- 
 dred yards, it passed a man's house by the name of Allen, who was 
 coming towards them. When he got close enough to speak, he said, 
 "Boys, what's up?" The reply was: "We are after Indians. We 
 ran them into that deep canyon last night ; didn't you hear two shots 
 just as it commenced to rain ?" He replied : "Yes, I was right here, 
 and hobbled out two good horses just as the shots were fired." In look- 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 43 
 
 ing around a little, they picked up a nice rawhide lariat, and there, 
 plain to be seen, was Big Foot's track in the sand, where he had roped 
 Allen's horses. Here let us recount the luck, the Providence, or the 
 First, they went around the pass that they had always gone 
 what not, that befell these Indians in the last twelve hours, 
 through, where Captain Jeff had them surely bagged if they had 
 gone through. Second, when they were run down and overtaken, we 
 may say that the earth opened to protect them and the horses, all but 
 the two that they could not force into the chasm, and they were 
 worthless to them, as they were completely run down. Third, that 
 in going six hundred yards from where two of them had to turn 
 a somersault over their horses' heads down into the deep canyon, 
 two good horses were hobbled out and in waiting for them. 
 There was no management or generalship in these transactions. 
 Reader, you are at liberty to call it what you please. 
 
 "The prospects to overtake these Indians, when freshly mounted, 
 is slim," Captain Jeff iremarked, as he was hesitating what to do. 
 The Captain's horses were badly jaded after the hard run putting the 
 Indians into the deep canyon, and had thrown every shoe in the 
 bix-mile run over the honey-comb rocks. 
 
 After a moment's hesitation, the Captain said : "Boys, the pros- 
 pect to overtake Big Foot on these horses is gloomy indeed. We have 
 no show whatever to get fresh ones, but I am loth to abandon his 
 trail without one more desperate and determined effort to bring him 
 to bay where he must fight for his liberty instead of running for it. 
 Some small voice seems to speak to me every time that I have 
 run him, that his good luck will forsake him and fall on me, and 
 that I will be the victor, and this may be the day. If you will fol- 
 low me, we will urge our horses to their utmost in trying to over- 
 
44 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 take him." The unanimous reply from the eight men was : "Captain 
 Jeff, we will follow you to the end of the world to kill that big brute/' 
 to which the Captain said : "He has eight men, and he makes nine ; 
 you are eight, and I make nine ; so our numbers are equal, and should 
 we overtake them, each one of you single out your man. Remember, 
 this time for all, that I claim the honor to be his special antagonist 
 until one of us fall." 
 
 The Captain turned his horse to the trail, and the rest followed, 
 and the race for the day began. They had followed the trail about 
 four miles, when they came to a fine horse belonging to an old man 
 by the name of Wolf, one of the Captain's remote neighbors, but neai 
 neighbor to some of his men. Here they found Big Foot's tracks 
 again where he had lassoed another fine horse that seemed to have 
 been placed directly on the route, and just at the spot that old man 
 Wolf's horse gave out. Our wily chief had made four lucky hits in 
 the last few hours, which, no doubt, inspired a greater confidence in 
 his braves and led them to believe that he was a particular favorite 
 of the Great Spirit, and that he could lead or bring them out of all 
 difficulties that they might encounter while making war on the pale- 
 faces. This last piece of good luck for the Indians added an addi- 
 tional gloom to the already gloomy prospects of overtaking them that 
 day, but they were determined to follow until their horses gave out. 
 The trail was fresh until about noon, when they came to where the 
 Indians had killed a big mooly cow and had taken most of her meat, 
 and her paunch to carry water in. Here was a thick grove of trees, 
 a nice place to secrete themselves. They tied their horses to the 
 trees, so that they could be mounted at a moment's warning, and lay 
 down in the grass and slept; their beds were all plainly to be seen 
 very near their horses. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 45 
 
 The calf of the cow which the Indians had killed was standing 
 near by; it was fine and fat, and as the Captain's party had not 
 tasted food since the day before, the cravings of hunger demanded 
 that they should stop, kill that calf and eat it, while their horses 
 rested and grazed for a short time, if the trail was to be pursued any 
 further. They at once lassoed the calf and carried out the program 
 of resting and eating, which was fully carried out for two hours from 
 the time they stopped, which was all the time they could take from 
 the trail if it was to be pursued any further. 
 
 After this the horses were saddled and the unanimous voice was 
 to follow, as there was one chance in a thousand that the Indians had 
 taken so much meat that should a favorable spot present itself they 
 would stop and barbecue the beef. 
 
 They pressed forward all the evening through breaks, canyons and 
 bluffs of the, Colorado river with the hope of soon coming in sight 
 of the smoke of the Indians' fire. At sundown they found that they 
 were compelled to camp for the night, as their horses could go no 
 further, and on making a very careful examination of the locality it 
 was found to be a spot that looked like it was formed by nature 
 for a camping place for this very occasion. It looked as much 
 like a providential arrangement around us as one of Big Foot's esca- 
 pades, and as he had not taken the advantage of camping in this 
 strategic spot all hope of overtaking him with these completely broken- 
 down horses fled. Here was plenty of grass and water, and the place 
 so walled in by natural fortifications that two men could hold it 
 indefinitely against fifty Indians. 
 
 The horses were all turned foot-loose, two men on guard, one at 
 the inlet and one at the outlet; all the rest lay down at once to sleep. 
 Tley had eaten but one meal in twenty-four hours, but they were 
 
46 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 more sleepy than hungry. The two men on guard changed guards 
 alternately every two hours ; and all therefore got a good night's sleep 
 and rest. 
 
 At daylight all were up and ready for any emergency that might 
 arise. At this time the most pressing emergency that forcibly pre- 
 sented itself was to appease the cravings of hunger that were loudly 
 knocking and craving to be gratified. 
 
 There was but one door open for such gratification, which was 
 the usual one — to kill a beef and make a meal of beef, salt and water, 
 which was partaken of without a murmur for something better. After 
 the meal was concluded preparations were made to take the back track, 
 but on examination it was found that the horses were so footsore 
 they could not travel. The Captain ordered the men to cut up the 
 beef hide and make a kind of a rawhide moccasin and tie the same 
 around the fetlock so as to come under the bottoms of their feet, 
 which was done, and they rested all that day at Camp Providence, 
 or Camp Good Luck. 
 
 Nothing worthy of note transpired that day or night. The fol- 
 lowing morning they got up their horses and saddled them and 
 started for home. It was then found that most of the horses' feet 
 were so sore that the men had to walk and drive them to get them 
 home, which journey was accomplished in five days without any in- 
 cident worthy of record, only the worry and fatigue of walking and 
 driving the worn-out horses that distance. 
 
 At home they found all well, and no report of Indians during their 
 absence. They went to work with a will as best they could to be in 
 readiness for the next raid, which was as sure as fate to come, since 
 it was only a matter of time. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 47 
 
 For many moons the Indians gave Burnet County a wide berth, 
 for they had found that Burnet County was too hot for them; that 
 tliey would surely have to "run the gauntlet" if they made tracks 
 ia that county. Big Foot changed his location to depredate upon. 
 
 The next raid he made was on the west line of Burnet County and 
 east line of Llano County. He killed Mrs. Blalock and four of her 
 children, which 'report Captain Jeff did not get for several days, when 
 it was too late to follow. On this raid Big Foot, in addition to kill- 
 ing the Blalock family, stole and got away with forty or fifty good 
 horses. 
 
 The next raid was still further west, through Mason County, 
 where they killed Tom Miligan, a worthy citizen, and father of a 
 large family. They shot him full of arrows within fifty yards of his 
 own house. They then went on and captured Miss Todd, who was 
 going to one of the neighbor's on horseback. They got away with 
 twenty-five or thirty good horses and carried Miss Todd into a cap- 
 tivity a thousand times worse than honorable death. 
 
 At the time the Indians made this raid Captain Jeff had been 
 ordered by Colonel Ford to meet him with his company on the Col- 
 orado river fifty miles above Austin city for the breaking up of some 
 bands of bushwhackers and deserters. The country here along this 
 river is very rough and abounds in many caves that were found to 
 be full of the above class of men, and as some of them fought to des- 
 peration they necessarily had to be killed (mention of which will be 
 made before this recital is closed). 
 
 Many prisoners were taken, whom Colonel Ford took to the city 
 of Austin and placed in confinement, and then he ordered Captain 
 Jeff and company back home. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 The Civil War has Ended. Qen. Lee has Surrendered and Our Captain 
 
 Jeff is Hounded as a Wolf by Federal Soldiers, in which the 
 
 Heroism of a True Woman and Noble Wife 
 
 Is Illustrated. 
 
 Shortly after this the Civil War ended, and Captain Jeff and com- 
 pany were disbanded, as all other men that had been in any way 
 connected with the Civil War. The State of Texas was then put 
 nnder military rule, and E. J. Davis was appointed Military Goveinor> 
 who proved to be a perfect tyrant, and the citizens were subjected to 
 many insults and hardships under his tyrannical rule. Federal sol- 
 diers were sent into Burnet County to arrest Professor Holland, 
 Captain Jeff and fifty-eight others who had been conspicuous in hunt- 
 ing down the Indians, bushwhackers and deserters, and Captain 
 Jeff came in for a full share of the persecution that was meted 
 out to the good citizens of Burnet County. Here the Federal soldiers 
 hunted Captain Jeff like a wolf, and he was compelled to take to 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 49 
 
 the brush and make that his home for months. Here the devotion 
 and bravery of his noble wife shone forth with the brilliancy of the 
 morning star. 
 
 During this distressing time she had all the burdens to carry that 
 were necessary to keep up their home — wood to get, cows to milk, 
 stock to atend to, and, the hardest burden of all, every other day she 
 had to leave her two little children alon^, mount her faithful pony, 
 take some circuitous route to some big thicket with something for 
 her Jeff to eat. Oh, this was the most trying time to those good 
 people that they had to encounter during the almost five years since 
 the commencement of the Civil War. One day she took her two chil- 
 dren and went to her brother-in-law's, as was agreed upon by her and 
 Jeff, where he was to be in some big thickets that were near Allen's 
 house, and here he- says he was the worst scared that he ever was in 
 his life. He was sitting in a thicket; his horse was near him saddled 
 and bridled for use at any moment. He looked towards Allen's 
 house and saw fifteen Indians riding directly towards the same. He 
 said: "Oh, my God! What shall I do? Oh, my noble wife and chil- 
 dren !" But his mind was made up in a moment. He sprang on his 
 horse, drew his six-shooter, and said, "Go, Mansfield ! (his horse's 
 name) Go, and I will die with them!" He dashed madly forward, 
 and just before they reached the gate they looked back and saw him 
 coming like a hurricane, pistol held high in the air. They shouted 
 at the tops of their voices, "Toncawa ! Toncawa !" 
 
 A mountain of intense anxiety was lifted off his breast; the Ton- 
 cawas had come into the neighborhood the day before, but Captain 
 Jeff had not heard it, and when he saw the Indians, he readily thought 
 that they were Big Foot and his band going to Allen's house to mur- 
 der its inmates. 
 
 4 
 
50 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 Eeader, I feel that you will join me in thanks to God that this 
 cloud had its silver lining. The Toncawas had a white man to go 
 around as guide to beg watermelons ; Mrs. Allen gave them permission 
 to go into the watermelon patch and they ate every one, ripe or 
 green, that was as big as a man's fist. When it was all cleaned up, 
 they mounted their horses and rode off to hunt another patch. Cap- 
 tain Jeff remained at or near Allen's house all that day and night. 
 When his wife was fixing to start home next morning, he said: 
 "Mollie,". (that was his wife's name) "I am going home with 
 you." She tried to dissuade him, but he said : "I can't miss this 
 pleasure to ride home with you and the children ; the Yankee soldiers 
 don't have horses that can catch Mansfield" (patting his noble horse 
 on the neck). They rode home together, and the scene that met 
 their eyes when they reached home almost beggars description. The 
 doors were all broken open; the beds turned over, trunks broken open 
 and their contents turned out on the floor. The house had been 
 literally ransacked from cellar to garret. His Sharp's rifle, his dou- 
 ble barrel shot-gun, a fine pistol, his wife's fine silver-mounted bridle 
 that cost $22.00, and other things too numerous to mention, were all 
 gone. 
 
 Front gate was open, all the milk vessels left sitting outside where 
 they drank the milk, smokehouse door open and a big steer inside 
 of it, and this long after General Lee's surrender. 
 
 Reader, how do you think you would have felt if you had been 
 in Captain Jeff's shoes, with his pent-up feelings of disgust for a 
 government that allowed its soldiers to commit such low down petty 
 larcency? Captain said: "Mollie, I feel that Providence has been 
 with us this time." She replied : "Well, this don't look like it, does 
 it ?" "To the casual eye it does not, but to the spiritual eye it does," 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 51 
 
 said he. She said a little sarcastically, "Oh, Jeff, what Jo you mean, 
 what are you talking about?" "Let me explain," said he, "how 
 I see it with the spiritual eye, as some may term it; you see that 
 day before yesterday when I came home for a few moments and asked 
 you to get your pony, take the children and go over to Mat Allen's 
 and stay until this morning, so I could be near you, and we could 
 have the pleasure of each other's company, it relieved you for that 
 time of the worry and fear you have had for months.." 
 
 1st. Looking back with the spiritual eye, I see or hear some small 
 voice say: "Jeff, go tell your wife to take the children and go over 
 to Mat Allen's." 
 
 2nd. I see that had I not done so, you would have been here and 
 subject to all the insults of a degraded company of Yankee soldiers. 
 
 3rd. I see that in all probability that you would have killed 
 some of them, and if so they would have you a prisoner under guard 
 at the city of Austin, where, with all your fortitude and courage, you 
 would have pined away and died with anxiety for me and the children. 
 
 4th. I see that we are both here with the children; all well, that 
 our roof is over our heads, and that we can get along very 
 well even with our losses, and I accept our absence from 
 home at this time as a providential thing in our behalf." After he 
 closed this speech, she raised her eyes to his and said : "Jeff, I didn't 
 know that you was such an exhorter only in love affairs. I suggest 
 that when you get out of all these troubles and run down Big Foot 
 that you turn preacher ; all the women will join your church." 
 
 After this little seemingly bit of sarcasm she said : "There are • 
 two sides to every question, and since you have argued your side I 
 am more willing to be convinced; therefore I humbly bow my head 
 to the Giver of all good, that I was not here when they were, and 
 
52 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 when I wanted to say something ugly about them your little lecture 
 on the spiritual eye has driven all the hard words from my tongue, 
 and each moment I am more and more thankful that I was not at 
 home. You gave me a nice double barrel shot-gun when we were 
 first married, and you learned me to shoot with it, and in your ab- 
 sence J leaned on it for a protector. 1 have always kept it well loaded 
 with buck shot for big game like man, and I fully believe had I been 
 at the house and ordered those Yankee soldiers not to come into it, 
 and they had attempted to do so, that I should have shot and 
 killed some of th^m, and you correctly drew the picture, that I 
 now would be a prisoner under guard and guarded by those same 
 despoilers of our home, and oh, God ! the agonizing thought of being 
 torn from our children, and placed under guard and subject to the 
 daily insults of, I must say brutes in men's clothing! Oh, hor- 
 rible ! horrible ! With bowed head and humbleness of spirit I join 
 you in returning thanks to God for overshadowing us by His provi- 
 dence and shielding us from bodily harm through all the trying 
 scenes of the last five years. 
 
 When the soldiers broke open Captain Jeffs house they had four of 
 the best men of Burnet County as prisoners. They had them chained 
 and locked to their horses' necks. They were over military age, but 
 were particular friends and associates of Captain Jeff, and they wanted 
 to fix him the same way, for he was reported to them as being the 
 ring leader, and was reported to General Oaks by some of his neigh- 
 bors that claimed to be Union men, as a murderer and robber, conse- 
 quently every effort was made to capture him, but kind fate kept 
 him out of their clutches until such time as his protecting voice told 
 him to go and surrender. As the Yankee soldiers had gone on to- 
 Austin, Captain Jeff decided that he would stay around home until 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 53 
 
 he heard that the soldiers had come back to Burnet County. His 
 house was a double house, gallery in front, ten foot hall between, two 
 shed rooms back. He fixed one of the shed rooms for his horse and 
 kept him in it all the time with the saddle on, and the bridle hanging 
 on the horn of the saddle so that he could mount him and be gone 
 in a few moments. 
 
 So the days came and went for some ten or twelve. When he 
 had eaten his supper and had slept out in the hall one of his neigh- 
 bor's boys ran by his gate on his horse, and as he passed the gate he 
 said : " Captain Jeff, the Yankee soldiers are coming after you ; they 
 are right up there by your field.'' The bridle was slipped on and the 
 Captain was in his saddle just as quickly as such a performance could 
 be done. As he rode off he said : "Mollie, don't be scared ; I will go 
 and meet them, and get them after me and will then lead them off 
 and prevent them from coming to the house to worry you." He dashed 
 out through the field in the direction they were coming, and when he 
 got opposite them, he hollowed and said : "Here I am ; come and get 
 me, you ." 
 
 Two of them dismounted, threw down the fence and they all 
 dashed over after him, which was the very thing he wanted, as he 
 had every confidence in the fl'eetness of his sure-footed horse Mans- 
 field. He led tliem to the opposite side of the field, and Mansfield 
 leaped the fence without halt or bobble and was gone from his pur- 
 suers. After leaping the fence he turned to one side, halted and 
 remained still until they passed him ; he then fell in behind them and 
 dodged them until they struck the main road leading to Burnet and 
 they took the road, which satisfied him that they were going on to 
 Burnet that night. 
 
 He turned his horse and rode back home. After feeding his 
 
54 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 horse and resting a while he said: "Mollie, I have stood this perse 
 cution as long as I can; I am going to Austin and give myself up 
 to General Oaks, and ask him to give me justice." She replied: "It 
 is so hard, so hard for mo to see you go, but it is no worse than for 
 you to stay here; they will hunt you like a wolf till they do get you, 
 and then chain you on a horse and take you to Austin and throw you 
 into a dungeon as they did Dr. Moore, John Moore, Sam Tate and 
 Captain Dorbant. Taking it all in all, it will be better for you to 
 go and give yourself up than to be arrested by these low down thieves 
 that have just been liberated out of the penitentiaries." He said: 
 *'Then I will start at once, ride all night, get into Austin early in 
 the morning, and go at once to General Oaks and surrender myself 
 to him. Be of good cheer, for I feel that I will be safe back home 
 in a few days, in better shape to stay at home than I have been in 
 several months." 
 
 He at once mounted his horse, and turned his head towards Aus- 
 tin. Six miles from his home on the road to Austin was the little 
 burg Liberty Hill. The postmaster, Wilson Bratton by name, was 
 a Northern man, and a man of influence, and was a particular friend 
 of Captain Jeff. He hollowed up Bratton as he was passing and 
 told him where he was going. He said: '^Captain, go back and give 
 yourself up to the officer at Burnet, and if he puts you under guard, 
 I solemnly pledge you my word of honor that I will never eat, drink 
 or sleep until I release you." "Then I will turn back; it is only 
 twenty miles from here to Burnet; it is now twelve o'clock; I will 
 take through the woods and by six o'clock in the morning I will ride 
 into the soldier camp and give myself up to the officer in command." 
 The Captain then said: "Bratton, 'a friend in need is a friend in- 
 deed,' and I here pledge to you my true friendship until death." 
 He heartily shook his hand, and turned his horse through the woods 
 for the soldiers' camp. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 Captain Jeff Surrenders to the Federal Authorities, in Which the Old 
 
 Adage Proves True that a "Friend in Need is a 
 
 Friend Indeed." 
 
 Wilson Bratton was a perfect gentleman, a friend of true men 
 and a merciless foe of frauds ; a man whose nobility of soul and mind 
 deserves a monument, but whose name and good deeds have been for- 
 gotten, except by those who knew him and benefited by his generosity. 
 
 At six o'clock he rode in and recognizing the officer by his uniform, 
 he rode directly up to him and introduced himself to him and said: 
 "1 expect you have heard a great many bad things about me." The 
 officer replied : "Yes, I have." The Captain then said : "I can't truth 
 fully be charged with but one thing, and that is being a Rebel, and I 
 have been that to the backbone and I have come into your camp to 
 surrender to you, and all I ask is to get justice." The officer raised 
 his eyes to the Captain's and in a manly voice replied: ''You shall 
 
56 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 have it." Then Captain Jeff said: "I will get down off my horse 
 and consider myself your prisoner." After dismounting he said: 
 **Do you want me to go under guard ?" He said : "No, the limits of 
 the camp are yours, but do not attempt to leave it." "I certainly 
 will not without your permission." He then said : "Then I am your 
 friend." After breakfast he issued an order ordering every man in 
 Burnet County to come in and report to him, after which he called 
 his jury of twelve men, all neighbors of Captain Jeff, and during 
 the war they spoke the praises of Captain Jeff on all public occasions 
 and applauded him for the valuable services that he rendered to the 
 frontier after the war was over, and General Oaks was established 
 Military Dictator with headquarters at Austin. See the wolves that 
 had been wearing sheep's clothing, carrying reports to General Oaks 
 that was blacker and more damnable than hell itself, if possible. 
 
 These were the men that were selected to sit as jurymen during 
 the examination and cross examination. 
 
 Right here the passage of Scripture was proven that sayeth 
 a man will stick closer to a friend than he will to a brother, in 
 the devotion of Dr. W. E. Jennings to Captain Jeff, and fully 
 illustrated the love of Jonathan for David as recorded in 1st 
 Samuel, 19th and 20th chapters. 
 
 The camp was at a country school house; a sentinel was placed 
 before the door ; the jury was called in and the rigid examination and 
 cross-examination of Captain Jeff begun. 
 
 The officer had been selected by General Oaks for his fitness as 
 a lawyer and rapid penman, to go to Burnet and get the truth, the 
 whole truth, and nothing but the truth in regard to the many horrible 
 murders that had been committed in Burnet County during the war 
 and had been reported at headquarters by good loyal Union men. The 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 57 
 
 examination lasted three days; the questions all written down and 
 their answers. At the end of the third day the officer had exhausted 
 all his abilities and had not got one solitary criminating fact. He 
 closed his examination and said to his jurymen: "Gentlemen, T am 
 done; I am satisfied; any or all of you are at liberty to ask Captain 
 Jeff any questions you may wish." 
 
 Each one got up and said : "I have none," and stepped out with 
 his tail down like a sheep-killing dog, and all the rest followed but 
 one old long-faced hypocritical Baptist preacher, who said : "I will ask 
 one question: do you believe in future punishments and rewards?" 
 "I do, to some extent," answered I; "I accept Dr. Dick's definition 
 of such things," and he said, "and who is Dr. Dick?" The reply was: 
 "He is the most eminent theologian of the day, and all ministers of 
 the gospel of any note quote him in their sermons." He got up and 
 went out with his head and tail both down, which left Captain Jeff 
 and the officer alone, and he was so nonplused that he did not speak 
 for some time. Finally, Captain Jeff said : "I await your orders, 
 sir," to which he said, "I don't know what to do; there have been so 
 many hard reports to General Oaks against you that he sent me here 
 to arrest you and some others, and to leave no leaf unturned to prove 
 your guilt. If it was left to me, I would do as Christ did when the 
 hypocrites brought the woman to Him to be rebuked. He said to 
 them : *He that is guiltless let him cast the first stone,' and they all 
 sneaked off just as your accusers have done this evening." "When I 
 gave them the opportunity to question you there was not one of them 
 that had the courage to ask you a question but that old hypocritical 
 preacher, and the question he asked had nothing whatever to do with 
 your guilt or innocence." He finally said, "I suppose I will have to 
 require you to give bond." "Draw up the bond and I will fill it." 
 
58 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 The bond was drawn in the sum of one thousand dollars, if called 
 for in thirty days; if not, then it was null and void. The bond was 
 filled at once, Emanuel Sampson as surety, and our Captain Jeff was 
 told that he could go in peace. 
 
 At six o'clock he mounted Mansfield; it was twelve miles to his 
 home, but at seven o'clock he was siting in his home, his noble wife 
 on one knee and his two lovely children on the other, again the hap- 
 piest little family on the frontier of Texas. 
 
 The days came and went, and when the clock struck six on the 
 evening of the thirtieth day and no call had been made for him, he 
 walked up to his wife, threw his arms around her, pressed her to his 
 heart with a fervent "thank God, my Mollie, we are free once more !" 
 He had lost six years in defence of his country, his home and his 
 fireside; his good stock of horses had been driven off by Big Foot 
 and his band; his cattle was all gone but two cows, and summing 
 everything up he found that he had to commence again almost at the 
 bottom round of the ladder, but he had his noble wife and two lovely 
 children, his good health and a determination to overcome every 
 obstacle that might lie in his path. 
 
 He made rails, opened up more land, and as he was a good car- 
 penter, all the neighbors that wanted work of that kind gave him 
 the contracts in preference to any other, and gave him more than 
 they could have got the same work done for, as they were sure of an 
 honest job. As fast as he worked out money he invested it in cattle, 
 and as cattle were very low in price, he soon had a nice bunch of 
 cattle, and added to this all the men in the adjoining counties gave 
 him full authority to use their cattle as he pleased. This enabled 
 him to make contracts to put up herds of cattle for sale, and as hia 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 
 
 59 
 
 business rapidly increased he took a partner, G. C. Arnett, who had 
 been in his company in the late war. 
 
 They drove beeves to Now Orleans, and to the packeries at Cal- 
 vert, Texas, and stock cattle to Kansas, and steadily invested their 
 profits in the purchase of entire stocks of cattle, marks and brands. 
 In a short time the firm controlled seventy marks and brands in the 
 counties of Burnet, Lampasas, Llano and San Saba, and prosperity 
 followed his every effort as he so richly deserved. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Capt. Jeff is Wrongfully Indited by the Civil Law. for which he Makes 
 Bad Break but Through the Christianizing Influence of the 
 Noble Wife he Guards Himself Against Like Occurrances 
 
 It has been said by some wise man "that every sweet has a 
 bitter," and that unalloyed happiness and prosperity can only last an 
 indefinite period of time, and such was the case with our Captain 
 Jeff. Federal Judge, Federal Prosecuting Attorney and Sheriff were 
 appointed for Burnet County and the twelve men that sat as jurors 
 in Captain Jeff's quasi military court martial were appointed grand 
 jurors and they found bills of indictment against Professor Holland, 
 Captain Jeff and fifty-eight others for murder and robbery during 
 the late war. So our hero's troubles commenced again just where they 
 were left off. 
 
 The papers were served on Captain Jeff and sixteen others; they 
 all easily gave bond for their appearance at court ; they then employed 
 a lawyer, the best that could be found, to fight their case, turned 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 61 
 
 loose all their business and stood ready and waiting for the call of 
 court. When it was called they were all in waiting, and the State 
 put off the trial till the next term, and the next term was the same. 
 When the third term came around they were all in waiting and anxious 
 for trial, but the District Attorney was ordered by the Judge to throw 
 the whole batch out of court, and so they were deprived of a tongue 
 revenge, for their attorney was well prepared to show to the court 
 and to the citizens of Burnet County the low down villainy of the 
 grand jury in finding the bills worded as they were worded. 
 
 Here the pent-up feelings of Captain Jeff for that grand jury 
 could not be restrained any longer, as he, with all the others had been 
 deprived of their tongue revenge through their attorney. He deter- 
 mined to take revenge with his own strong arm, steady nerve and 
 quick eye. He commenced to drink, the only bad generalship he 
 ever displayed. His friends, all those that had been indicted with 
 him, and many more crowded around him, got hold on him and by 
 sheer force and persuasion got him out of town, and Jas. W. Taylor, 
 whom he loved as a brother got him on his own horse and took him 
 to Taylor's home and kept him till the next morning. Taylor sent 
 to town, had his horse brought out and would not let him leave until 
 he promised him that he would not go through town as he went 
 home, and that he would never seek a difficulty with his persecutors, 
 and he kept his promise with his true friend, J. W. Taylor. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 His Wife's Little Tea Party, 
 
 A jhort time after this his wife gave a litle teaparty to some of 
 her UiJy friends and on this occasion she opened a few bottles of her 
 pure unfermented juice of the celebrated Mission grapes and her 
 lady friends proposed that they all drink a toast, each one to select 
 her own subject and insisted that the hostess lead off. 
 
 She filled her wine glass, rose to her feet, raised her arm to 
 full length. The thoughts uppermost in her mind how a few days 
 since Jeff came so near blasting his and her hopes of happiness 
 through this life, she spoke and said: "Here is to my husband; may 
 he never get tight, but tight or straight, my husband." The next 
 one said: "Here is to our noble hostess; may her every wish be grat- 
 ified, and may we live to emulate her courage, patience and womanly 
 devotion," and all the others said: "Amen, amen, amen, amen." 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 63 
 
 Captain Jeff was away from home for a few days on some busi- 
 ness when this little teaparty was given ; before he returned he heard 
 of it and the toast his wife had drank to him ; when he got home he 
 said: "Mollie, open a bottle of your grape juice; I want to drink to 
 you a pledge that will relieve you of all dread or anxiety that called 
 forth your toast." She quickly and joyously opened the bottle and 
 set him a wine glass; he filled it to the brim, then raised his arm 
 and said: "My Mollie, in this glass of the pure juice of the grape 
 I pledge to you, God helping me, that from this time on that I will 
 not make, sell or use as a beverage any spirituous or malt liquors; 
 that wherever 1 go I will keep this pledge to you sacred." And in 
 after years he made a tour of the entire State of California with the 
 American Horticultural Society, as he was a member of that society. 
 The society stopped over at a town called Fresno; the citizens came 
 forward from every quarter with their best private conveyances to 
 welcome them and drive them over the country and show them their 
 fine orchards, vineyards and wineries. 
 
 The first visit was to the Barton vineyard of six hundred and 
 forty acres, with winery attached, at which place they all halted and 
 alighted and formed a procession of twos and marched into a long 
 room where was spread a long table covered with snow white linen, 
 wine glasses and all varieties of all the very finest wines that Cali- 
 fornia could boast of. When they reached the table they filed right 
 and left and moved forward to fill up the table.. When the lead man 
 reached the table he faced about so as to overlook the table and all 
 the guests. He said : "If there is any one present who will not 
 taste any of this wine let him hold up his hand," and in an instant 
 Captain Jeff's hand went up to the full length of his arm, and he 
 held it there so all could see who it was. The spokesman at the 
 
64 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 head of the table said : "One hand up/' and Captain Jeff slowly 
 lowered his hand to its natural position, the honored hero of the 
 occasion. 
 
 When the wine banquet -was over, the ladies and one or two of 
 the gentlemen who were strictly temperate, crowded around our Cap- 
 tain Jeff, heartily shaking his hand and complimenting him for his 
 courage and devotion to principle so publicly explained. 
 
 They said: "We were not nor did not taste the wine, but we 
 did not have the moral courage to follow your noble example. How 
 could you do it?" "It was without any effort on my part; it struck 
 my ear as a challenge to principle, and in an instant my principle 
 accepted the challenge, and oh, my dear friends, I was rewarded for 
 the act a thousand times more than my feble tongue can express." 
 "Was the reward invisible to all but yourself?" "It was." "Will 
 you then please give us an explanation?" "I will, and I will do so 
 as fearless of criticism as I was when I held up my hand. The 
 moment I held up my hand an angelic face appeared to me as if 
 suspended in the air in front of me and a little higher than my 
 head looking me straight in the eyes, and a heavenly radiance of 
 approval beamed from its every feature, and in that moment my 
 stature seemed to grow higher and higher and higher and the world 
 seemed to be under my feet, and I lost sight of the audience, the 
 table, wine and wine glasses, and I can only add that my feelings 
 were not earthly, but heavenly." 
 
 The party was banqueted every day for thirty days in making 
 the tour of California, and he left the State not knowing whether 
 California wine was good or bad or indifferent, and he says that 
 alcoholic liquors is the best tasted of anything that he ever tasted. 
 
 We hope the reader will pardon this digression. It seemed to be 
 necessary in this connection to show up the firmness and devotion 
 af the man of which we write. 
 
CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Richard Coke is Elected Governor. A Battallion of Rangers is Ordered. 
 
 Captain Jeff is Commissioned and Raises a Company, Goes on 
 
 Duty and Renews his Pursuit of the Big Foot Indian 
 
 As they were making the tour of California^ great changes were 
 progressing in the great State of Texas. A State election had been 
 held. Richard Coke was elected Governor, and Richard Hubard 
 Lieutenant Governor, and a Democratic Legislature which passed a 
 special act authorizing the raising of a battalion of Rangers, in which 
 the opportunity will be offered for us to return to the thread of our 
 narrative in the long pursuit and final capture and death of the 
 noted Big Foot Kiowa chief and his lieutenant Jape, the barbarous 
 and bloody Conjanche. 
 
 As soon as it was known that the battalion of Rangers was to 
 be organized Jas. W. Taylor at once got up two petitions and got 
 them signed by all the leading men of Burnet County. One to 
 Captain Jeff asking him to take the command of the battalion, and 
 
 5 
 
66 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 the other to Governor Coke asking him to appoint Captain Jeff to 
 its command. Jas. W. Taylor went in person with the petition to 
 Governor Coke, where he met Senator W. H. Westfall and solicited 
 his assistance, which was the very thing that was uppermost in the 
 Senator's mind in regard to the commander of the battalion, as he 
 had been on many scouts after Indians with our whilom Captain. 
 
 Senator Westfall got General Shelly, an eminent lawyer, to draw 
 up a petition and recommendation and got it signed by all the mem- 
 bers of both houses of the Legislature and all the bankers and leading 
 business men of Austin. But Governor Coke being the Democratic 
 party of Texas, as Cleveland was the Democratic party of the United 
 States, he gave the mayorship to John B. Jones, a man that had no 
 experience whatever in Indian warfare; a man that never lived on 
 the frontier and was not identified with the frontier in any way. His 
 only apology was that he knew John B. Jones and did not know our 
 Captain Jeff, and that he intended to give the appointment to Jones 
 from the start, regardless of fitness, for he was his personal friend 
 and that he had seen his bravery tested many a time on the battle 
 field in the Confederate war. 
 
 In conversation with Captain Jeff after the appointment, he 
 said: "Captain Jeff, you have the best recommendation in my office 
 for the command of the battalion that any man could have, and I 
 have stepped over it, and I hope you and your people will not think 
 hard of me for it.'" The reply was : "You are our Governor, and it 
 is your bounden duty to render to all the people a just service as you 
 may see it." The Governor then said : "Will you accept a commission 
 as Captain of one of the campaigns?" The reply was: "Will the 
 Governor give me three days to consider it?" He said: "Yes, as 
 many days as 3^ou want." While waiting for the expiration of the 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 67 
 
 three days to give the Governor his final decision he received a letter 
 from his wife saying: "Jeff, clo come home as soon as you can; that 
 Big Foot brute of an Indian that murdered poor Mrs. Johnson and 
 her dear little innocent children almost at our very door has just 
 been here in the neighborhood, and I am almost frightened to death 
 for fear that he will come and kill me and the children or some 
 other good family/^ 
 
 When he had finished reading his wife's letter, his mind was 
 made up that here was another chance open for him to rid the 
 frontier of this dread curse that hung over them like a pall both day 
 and night. He folded his wife's letter, put it in his breast pocket 
 and started at once for the Governor's office. 
 
 On his way he met James Cornell, a man that had seen and done 
 much service on the frontier and was one of his particular friends. 
 
 He said: "Jim, I am going to the Governor's office to accept a 
 Captain's commission in the frontier battalion. Won't you go m 
 with me as my first lieutenant?" He said: "I can't get the ap- 
 pointment." "Come with me, and we will see." They went together 
 to the Governor's office, and Captain Jeff introduced Cornell to him 
 and said : "Governor, if you will give me Mr. Cornell here, as my 
 First Lieutenant, I will accept the Captaincy in the Frontier Battal- 
 ion, for. Governor, if I accept a Captaincy, there will be a great deal 
 expected of me." The Governor replied : "Yes, more than any man 
 in the battalion." Here the opportunity was presented to give the 
 Governor a little thrust and the Captain said : "Governor, you ought 
 to except the Major." The Governor winced, for he felt that the 
 point was well taken; however he said: "Hold on here, a few minutes 
 ivhile 1 go and talk to Adjutant General Steel about your First 
 Lieutenant." 
 
68 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 In a few moments the Governor returned and said: "You may 
 have Mr. Cornell for your First Lieutenant, and you are the only 
 Captain that will be shown that courtesy after being sworn into the 
 service." 
 
 The Adjutant General turned over to Captain Jeff a pair of mules 
 and hack; loaded the hack with arms and ammunition, and ordered 
 him to go and raise a company of seventy-five men, and to swear them 
 into service, and to furnish them all the necessary supplies and to 
 .^o on vluiy at once. As the country was overrun wiiii Indi.^iir and 
 outlaws, Coptain Jeff and his Lieutenant started at once v.'iih t)je 
 {.rni.s and i-minun'l'on to raise a select company of mon and lK«rse.« 
 with all possible dispatch. 
 
 When they got near the Captain's home, they saw a man coming 
 meeting them riding a fine iron gray horse. The Captain said: "Jim, 
 it I did not know that old Selum was dead, I would say that man was 
 riding him; he has his every movement, and I am going to buy him, 
 if he can be bought, for something tells me that that is the horse 
 that is to run down my Big Foot adversary that has been so for- 
 tunate as to outgeneral me so many times." By the time this con- 
 versation was ended, the parties met, and after the usual salutations 
 the following conversation was had : 
 
 •'Mister, how old is your horse?" "Six years old." "What stock 
 is ho?" "The best four mile stock that is raised in Arkansas; he 
 has never been beaten on the track." "Is he gentle?" "Yes, gentle 
 a^ a dog, and as brave as a lion." "Well, that is the very horse I 
 am looking for ; I once owned a horse that was a dead match to 
 yours, but I think my horse was the better horse of the two." 
 
 He said: "Stranger, that horse don't live that is a better horse 
 than this, my horse, Selum." "Is that his name?" "Yes, he wa^ 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 69 
 
 named after the horse that young Scotch McDonell rode in the Rev- 
 olutionary War in General Marion's company." "Well, that was my 
 horse's name, too, and he was named after the same horse of Rev- 
 olutionary fame." "Well, what will you take for him?" "I am a 
 new comer here, and I will need a good work team, and if youi 
 will give me a pair of good horses and one hundred dollars in cash, 
 3^ou may have him." Without any hesitation, the Captain replied : 
 "It is a trade; it is only one mile to my house; come with us and 
 I will fix you up with a good team and one hundred dollars cash." 
 
 After reaching the Captain's house it only required a few minutes 
 to make a final close of the trade, and he mounted one of the horses 
 and rode off saying, "Good-bye, gentlemen, and good-bye, Selum.^' 
 When he was gone, the Captain hollowed: "Oh, Mollie! Come out 
 here." After introducing her to Lieutenant Cornell, he said : "Mollie, 
 do you know that horse?" She looked at him, in perfect amazement, 
 and finally stammered out: "Y-yes, n-no; if I didn't know that old 
 Selum was dead, that the Indians killed him, and you on him, and 
 that you carried your saddle home on your back, I would say, yes, I 
 know him, that he was Selum." "Well, Mollie, he is Selum number 
 two, and I have a commission in my pocket to raise seventy-five men 
 and go Rangering, and I bought Selum number two to ride." She 
 exclaimed: "Why, Jeff, you have been a soldier and worse than a 
 soldier for the eight years, and I have been a kind of a grass widow 
 all that time." "Say, Mollie, what is a grass widow ?" "It's a woman 
 that her husband goes off and leaves her all the time." "Then what 
 is a kind of a grass widow?" "It's a woman that her husband goes 
 off and leaves her most of the time; and when I married you, I 
 thought I was going to have a husband all the time." He replied: 
 "Then I have been only a sort of a husband a very little of the time." 
 
70 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 "Mollie^ you say, and correctly, that I have been a soldier for 
 eight years; did you know that No. 9 was my lucky number? My 
 mother was born in the year 1809, you were born in 1839 and you 
 two are the greatest women I have ever known, and that I was born 
 in 1829, that our boy Jeff was born in 1859, and circumstances, it 
 seems, over which I have no control cause me to accept a soldier's 
 life one more year, which makes that No. 9. Why, Mollie, I used to 
 play poker before I was overshadowed by your Christianizing influ- 
 ence, and whenever I got a pair of nines I always staid in the Jack 
 pot, and if I got the third one in the draw I never laid them down." 
 
 "Oh, pshaw, Jeff, what do I know about such talk as Jack pot. 
 stay in and lay down, three nine, and so on? But if your destiny 
 was or is to soldier nine years, I hope kind Providence will protect 
 you in your lucky No. 9, as it seems to have protected you for the 
 last eight." "Mollie, let me say to you, don't have any fears for my 
 personal safety, for that small voice that has protected me through 
 all my life tells me to go, and that I will be successful, and that 
 when the full time alloted to me as a soldier has expired that I will 
 return to you and the children victorious, mounted on Selum and 
 in the best of health, and will find you and the children well and 
 happy; then I will lay aside my arms of death to man and try and 
 practice war no more." She said: "God grant it; amen." 
 
 Lieutenant Cornell remained at Captain Jeff's that night and in 
 the morning the Captain told him to go right on to Brownwood, 
 Brown County, where he had lived for years and knew every man in 
 the county, and to pick twenty-five men and horses, the very best 
 that he could select; then the Orderly Sergeant and one duty Ser- 
 geant, and you go on to Camp Colorado and tell Lieutenant Best 
 that I send the same order to him that I give to you. He can select 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 71 
 
 one Duty Sergeant and two Corporals. I will pick twenty-five men 
 here in Burnet County and select one Commissary Sergeant, two 
 Duty Sergeans and two Corporals, and rendezvous at Brownwood. 
 Expedite matters as fast as you can, having an eye single to the 
 good of the service." By this mode of wise procedure in a very 
 short time a company of seventy-five men was raised, giving the 
 counties of Burnet, Brown and Coleman an equal devision of com- 
 missioned and non-commissioned officers and men. 
 
 In the short space of two weeks the company was rendezvoused 
 at Brownwood, formed into line, and the Captain administered the 
 oath necessary in military organizations, the muster roll made out, 
 the non-commissioned officers appointed as agreed upon, a contract 
 made with John T. Gilber, a merchant of Brownwood, to furnish 
 supplies, and -the company went on duty at once. And the Major 
 commanding and the Quartermaster and Battalion Doctor publicly 
 said that it was the best company in the battalion, or that could be 
 raised in the State, and that Captain Jeff was the only man that could 
 command them. And this was no flattery either, for they had been 
 selected for health, strength, horsemanship and experts with the 
 lasso, and a perfect familiarity of frontier life, and like Davy Crockett 
 of old, they were half horse and half aligator, many of them stand- 
 ing six feet two inches in physique, perfect fac similes of the Big 
 Foot Indian of which we write, less the foot. The Captain turned 
 over a posse of his men to the Sheriff of Brown County and they 
 soon arrested or drove out all the lawless characters, John Wesley 
 Harden among the rest, while he turned his particular attention to 
 scouting for Indians. 
 
 The trails of his scouting party could be seen in every direction 
 which kept the Indians from making their monthly raids, which 
 
72 
 
 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 gave the settlers such encouragement that they wrote back to their 
 friends in the other States to come; that they had the very best 
 of protection, which gave impetus to immigration, and Brown and 
 adjoining counties rapidly filled up with first-class people, which 
 greatly assisted in driving back the Indians. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Sergeant Andrew Mather is Sent on a Scout into Callahan Co., Camps 
 
 Near Caddo Peak. John Parsons is Sent out to Kill a Deer for 
 
 Meat, Encounters Big Foot and Band, Malces His 
 
 Celebrated Shot and Big Foot Dodges the 
 
 Bullet and Makes another one of his 
 
 Providential Escapes. 
 
 One of the first scouts made by Captain Jeff's company was com- 
 manded by Sergeant Andrew Mather, further mention of which will 
 be made as our recital progresses. He was ordered to take fifteen 
 men and make a scout through the roughs of Callahan County near 
 the Caddo Peaks, etc. The second evening after starting he struck 
 camp near West Caddo Peak, and as it was not customary for this 
 company to carry more than meat enough for one day when going 
 on a scout, this scout was no exception to the general rule, so on camp- 
 ing. Sergeant Mather ordered John Parsons, who was a fine shot, 
 and an experienced hunter, to take his gun and go out and kill a 
 
74 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 deer for supper, saying: "If you find a bunch of cattle don't shoot; 
 come back to camp and we will go and rope one, as you know the 
 Captain's orders are not to shoot at anything but Indians, not even 
 the Devil himself, if it can possibly be avoided, and I think too 
 much of old Captain Jeif to break one of his orders." So saying. 
 Parsons slung his gun over his shoulder and mached off. He had 
 not been gone but about five or ten minutes when they heard his 
 gun fire, and he hollowing for life, saying : "Come on, boys ! Come 
 on ! Here are the damn rascals I Come on !" 
 
 Mather hollowed : "Saddle your horses, boys, quick ! quick !" and 
 in less time than it takes to write about it, the horses were saddled. 
 By this time Parsons had got to camp, and he fell exhausted for 
 want of breath. Mather said: "Parsons, did you kill a deer?" When 
 he had regained his breath sufficiently to speak, he said: "I did not, 
 
 but I killed a Indian." It is to be hoped that this rough 
 
 expression may be pardonable under the very exciting circumstances. 
 Here we will let Parsons tell his own story in as few words as pos- 
 sible before going to verify his statement. He said : 
 
 "I was walking along slowly looking for cattle or deer and when 
 I saw horses' legs coming towards me the limbs of the trees came 
 down so low that I could not see the horses' bodies. I squatted down 
 and when they got in sixty or seventy yards of me I saw that old 
 Big Foot was in the lead; in an instant I thought my only chance 
 for life was to kill him and the one just behind him, and I tried 
 to say, 'Now, Parsons, make the best shot of your life,' so I aimed 
 and pulled the trigger, and I'll be d — n if old Big Foot didn't dodge 
 the bullet and I killed the one behind him ! He fell forward, grabbed 
 both arms around his horses' neck, then I run and hollowed for life.'* 
 
 While Parsons was telling his story some of the boys were saddling 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 75 
 
 his horse, so then they all mounted and went in haste to verify Par- 
 son's statement. 
 
 When thev reached the spot, the mystery of Big Foot dodging 
 the bullet of Parson's gun was fully explained, for just at the 
 moment that Parsons pulled the trigger Big Foot's horse stepped 
 into a hole made by some little animal, that burrows in the ground. 
 He fell forward and came below Parson's sight thus dodging the bul- 
 let. Reader, was this luck again for Big Foot, or what? Parsons' 
 identity of Big Foot was correct, for there plainly to be seen was 
 his tracks where he jumped off his fallen horse and ran to the as- 
 sistance of one of his falling braves. From the amount of blood 
 at the spot. Parsons' shot must have been fatal. 
 
 The trail was taken with as much dispatch as possible, and 
 in less than a mile they reached the hard, stony and bushy hills 
 just north of the Peak, where it was impossible for them to follow 
 the trail any further. Go on, Big Foot, go on, there is a man on 
 your trail ! It has been "diamond cut diamond" with you for sev- 
 eral years, but the time will come sooner or later, when your dia- 
 mond will cease to sparkle, and its brilliancy will go out forever 
 in this world. 
 
 Sergeant Mather's scout returned without seeing or hearing of 
 any more Indians. The next light moon the Captain sent out 
 Lieut. Best on a scout; he camped on the Jim Ned, above Old Camp 
 Colorado. After supper the horses were all picketed out, and the 
 guards properly stationed; the men lay down, and some of them 
 haa gone to sleep, when the Indians slipped up around the camp 
 and fired into it, yelling like-- demoiisi Lieut. Best sprang to his 
 feet and hollowed to every man ip get to his horse quick, quick. 
 He ran barefooted to his horse, and all the men followed his ex- 
 
76 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 ample, taking their arms with them. Each one when he got to his 
 horse began firing as rapidly as he could in the direction from 
 which the yells and firing of the Indians cam'e, which soon 
 stopped the yelling and firing, and in half an hour the camp was 
 again still and quiet. On examination the only casualty was one 
 horse killed, which was seen to fall at the first volley that the In- 
 dians fired. This small loss was lucky, for the arrows and bullets 
 flew thick and fast at the first onslaught. 
 
 This made another one of Big Foot's lucky escapes. As tho 
 Indians had been driven off nothing more could be done but to 
 double the guards and stand their ground until morning. On 
 examination of the surroundings of the camp it was demonstrated 
 that this attack was made by Big Foot and his band, for the difference 
 in the size of his tracks and the others proved it to be he wither/ 
 any doubt. The Indians had tied their horses some distance from 
 the camp and made the attack on foot, and when their attack wa»» 
 met with such cool and determined resistance they ran back to thet 
 horses^ mounted them and rode off in different directions, one of Big 
 Foot's tactics, and a sure one too, to prevent being trailed or follow- 
 ed, for it IS almost impossible to trail one horse any distance, whi.» 
 a bunch can be trailed with all ease. 
 
 Lieut. Best rode in a big circle, but could not find where the 
 Indians came together ,_ consequently he returned to camp without 
 anything else to report. 
 
CHAPTER X. 
 
 Lieutenant Best is Sent on a Scout. Camps on Jim Ned and is Attaclced 
 After Niglit by Big Foot and Band. Cool Bravery and Discip- 
 line Whipped Him off With Only the Loss of 
 One Horse, Shot Through the Heart. 
 
 The next light moon Major Jones made his monthly visit of 
 inspection and called on the Captain to take scouts and go with 
 him to Fort Concho. They rode very hard, and when near Fort 
 Concho the Major told the Captain that he could go back and make 
 a scout on his return, and that he would go on to Fort Concho with 
 the men he had with him. 
 
 They were then in a spot where there was but little grass, 
 but remembered passing over good grass some ten miles back, and 
 were compelled to ride back to get feed for their horses. 
 
 The spot of grass was reached after dark, the horses were all 
 side lined and turned loose to grass, two men to guard them. 
 
78 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 The others built fires and got supper, but before they had time 
 to eat it the Indians, twenty or twenty-five in number, made a des- 
 perate and reckless charge into and through the camp, firing guns, 
 pistols and arrows, knocking the fires and supper belter skelter, and 
 yelling like demons. 
 
 They stampeded all the horses, and drove them much faster than 
 the men could run, but the men ran and fired after them as long as 
 the soimd of the horses' feet could be heard. 
 
 When they were completely exhausted, they stopped and sat down, 
 some cursing and swearing, and some laughing at the figure they 
 would cut walking forty miles carrying their saddles, etc. 
 
 When they all had had their say, Captain Jeff said: "This is 
 pretty tough on old Jeff's brag company, to go on a scout and be 
 so badly outgeneraled by old Big Foot that we all have to walk 
 forty miles to camp carrying our saddles, but let me show you how 
 much worse it could have been. You see how all of us missed being 
 killed or wounded; think it over, and you will say that was almost if 
 not a miracle. See, we are all unhurt, and will if possible be more de- 
 termined to get even with our Big Foot friend ( ?), for this will en- 
 tourage him to hunt for us to get some more of our good horses. 
 
 ' The State will pay for your horses and as for me, old Selum 
 will be back here before morning, for the Indian that cuts his side 
 iines and mounts him will be a dead or crippled Indian if there are 
 any trees near this place, for the horse will run away with hiin 
 and throw him against a tree or my name is not Jeff. Boys, you 
 won't have to walk to camp; old Selum will carry me to camp 
 long before night tomorrow, and I will send back horses for you 
 to ride on; old Jeff's boys are horse soldiers, not foot soldiers.'^ 
 When this last talk was finished a distant rumbling like horses' 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS * 79 
 
 feet was heard. The boj^s sprang to their feet, some thinking the 
 Indians were coming back. As the sounds came nearer and clearer 
 old Jeff bursted out in a laugh as the sound, tone and be^t of that 
 hoof was indelibly impressed on his ear and nerve. When the run- 
 ning horse came near enough to hear the Captain hollowed at the 
 top of his voice : "Selum ! Selum ! My boy. Here, here !" A sharp, 
 keen neigh of ' recognition was heard in answer and Selum dashed up 
 to where the men stood. The Captain said in a gentle tone, "Selum, 
 my boy, come here," and the noble horse walked up to him and put 
 his head over his shoulder, with a gentle whinny. The Captain 
 then said, "Boys, what did I tdl you? See this rawhide tug tied 
 around Selum's under jaw?. Why, an Indian could no more ride 
 this horse with that tug than I could fly like an eagle, or knock 
 down a mountain with my fist !" 
 
 The boys said: "We know that there is not a man in your com- 
 pany that can or ever will ride Selum without his running away, 
 but yourself, and we think that he has made up his mind that 
 no other man shall ride him." They trudged on back to the tem- 
 porary camp feeling very much like foot soldiers for the time being. 
 
 Captain Jeff mounted Selum and said, "Boys, while away the 
 time ias best you can until tom'orrow night, and you will be rangers 
 again, and I will have you back in camp in three days." 
 
 He rode off, and at four o'clock he was at his headquarters 
 camp and reported his defeat. The next morning he started back 
 sixteen men with sixteen lead horses and in three days he had all 
 of his men at headquarters camp. At roll call that evening, the 
 orderly sergeant reported all men present, sixteen horses absent with- 
 out leave. "Charge them up to bad generalship of the Captain, and 
 good generalship of the Big Foot ingin." 
 
 Sixteen other good horses were purchased and the company was 
 soon again in good shape for duty. 
 
CHAPTER XL 
 
 High Water, Discipline and the Ranger Feast. 
 
 In the month of August Major Jones made his regular return visit 
 all along the line, and on leaving Camp Company "E" he ordered 
 Captain Jeff to take a detachment of men and go down on Muke 
 Water and buy a crop of corn that was reported to be growing on 
 that stream; so immediately after the Major's departure, the captain 
 took three men and went at once to carry out the Major's orders. 
 It was raining a slow rain at the time they started, and it rained 
 steadily and slowly all the day and night. 
 
 The corn was purchased and the little party camped in an old 
 schoolhouse, and stood the regular guard (as guard was never omitted 
 with this company, under any circumstances) the Ca,ptain always 
 taking his regular turn on occasions like this where the scout or 
 expedition was few in number. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 81 
 
 The next morning it was still raining the steady, slow rain, that 
 had been falling for eighteen hours. After a hastily prepared break- 
 fast, the captain orderel "Boots and Saddles" as this company never 
 stopped for any thing when duty called. 
 
 Their course was up Muke Water stream, which was now swollen 
 to a rushing torrent, and covered the entire valley from hill to hill. 
 
 The Captain rode his favorite horse that had always been equal 
 to any emergency, and as they were all wet to the skin, he thought 
 to try his boys' luck in water as well as on dry land ; so he turned 
 Selum directly to the road that led up the creek valley which was 
 completely covered with driftwood and water from three to ten feet 
 deep where the small depressions run into the main channel. 
 
 At every plunge the boys cheered and hollowed : "Where old Jeff 
 dares to go, we can follow.' This headlong and reckless ride was 
 kept up for some ten miles to where the road leading from head- 
 quarters camp to Brownwood crossed the Muke Water stream. 
 
 Here the Captain found his company wagon and harness washed 
 up and lodged against a large mesquite tree, and heard at the same 
 time a yell from the adjacent hill, and on going to reconnoiter, he 
 found two of his men that had been sent to Brownwood the evening 
 before by the commisary sergeant for supplies. They had camped 
 for the night near the creek. They saved their lives by swimming and 
 left the wagon to its fate.. 
 
 Here the captain and his little party halted to assist his men 
 and wagon to cross the stream at the earliest moment possible. About 
 three o'clock that evening two men from headquarters camp r(»d'' 
 up and reported to the Captain that the entire camp was washeJ 
 away; that one man and six horses were drowned, and that there 
 was not a vestige of anything left in the camp, only the men, most 
 
 6 
 
82 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 of them with only their night clothes, but each and every man had 
 all his arms and cartridge belt, but no other subsistance but air 
 and muddy water. So much for discipline. This company could not 
 be taken by surrprise in the loss of arms for immediate use only 
 by a destructive flash of lightning. Let us briefly explain: The 
 horses were all tied to a picket line, and a sentinel walked the line 
 every night as regular as the tick of the clocK:. 
 
 The sentinel discovered a roll of water several feet high rolling 
 down the entire valley of Home Creek in which the camp was 
 located in a beautiful grove of spreading elm trees. H'e (the sentinel) 
 gave the alarm with might and main, to cut thp horpes loo«e; every 
 man sprang up, grabbed his arms and ran to the picket line to cut 
 hir. horse loose, and by the time that was don'e they had to get to 
 trees as best they could, and sit perched upon limbs, and shiver 
 with the cold, as there was nothing they could do until the 
 water subsided from under the trees; after which they climbed 
 down, and two of the men went to the hills and got the horses 
 that were not drowned. They plunged into the raging torrent 
 to carry the news of their terrible dilema, and pressing ne- 
 cessities, to the Captain. This was one of the most daring 
 feats performed by any two single men in the Company. Their 
 names, as well as remembered, were Curley Hacher and Jose- 
 phes Rush. 
 
 He at once sent them back to the camp with orders to Lieut 
 Best to get a conveyance and send escort with the drowned man to 
 Camp Colorado and to have him buried with the honors of war. 
 The others to Kill and barbecue a beef and subsist as best they could 
 until he could get to them with rations. The necessities of the 
 situation lequired heroic exertions. He at once mounted his horse 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 83 
 
 bareback, rode to the stream and plunged in to see if it was pos- 
 sible to cross with the wagon. The current was so strong that it 
 bore him and the horse much farther down than he expected, and it 
 was with great exertions that his horse mounted to firm- footing 
 on the other bank. After resting his horse, he went up higher above 
 the ford, and his horse landed him safely back at the ford. As there 
 was no possible chance to get tlie wagon across he had to sit down and 
 chew the cud of anxiety until the water fell to a crossing depth. At 
 nine or ten o'clock that night the water had fallen to such an extent 
 that the Captain ordered the horses hitched up saying, "Boys, we 
 will plunge that creek at all liazards; our boys in camp are looking 
 to us for grub and they shall have it. Tic the wagon bed fast to 
 the axles," which was done, and they moved forward to the bank of 
 the creek; here he placed two of his men to cross below the team, 
 the other above the team. He went in the lead, saying, "Now come, 
 and give them mules the biggest scare you can; that is, make them 
 jump across, or a*s far out as possible. Tf we get across quick enough, 
 the current won't c&psize tl e wagon." The plunge was made as 
 directed, and the landing was well made, and ^hcn the top of the 
 bank was reached. ;he Ranger yell of victory could have been heard 
 for miles around. * 
 
 Turning to the driver, the Captain said : "John, we w^ant all there 
 if? in them mules; keep up with us; when they fail, we will tie 
 on to the end of the tongue with our ropes, and pull the wagon at the 
 horns of our saddles" In this way, double-quick time was made to 
 Brownwood, and they plunged into swimming water inside of the 
 town, but they made a successful crossing, loaded the wagon with grub 
 as the first essential, and were on the road back to the camp before 
 daylight. In leaving Brownwood, they went around the water that 
 
84 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 they swam on going in, and when they got to Muke Water creek it 
 had fallen to a fordable depth. 
 
 By urging the animals to their utmost, camp was reached by 
 one o'clock that day, and as the relief party drove into camp a shout 
 of joy rent the air that will ever be remembered by all the par- 
 ticipants. A beef had been killed, the hide washed and hung up 
 to drip ready to kneed the flour, a sack of which was emptied on 
 the hide, a bountiful quantity of the inside fat was cut fine; salt, soda, 
 fat and flour were well mixed, and four men went to work with a 
 will urged on by the cravings of hunger, and in less than it takes 
 to write it the dough w^as well kneaded, and each man came with his 
 stick for his allowance. 
 
 A bountiful fire had been made in anticipation of this pleasant 
 event, and the beef was cooking to a finish. Reader, let your imag- 
 ination picture this scene around this fire. Each man cooking his 
 bread a la E anger style. The beef was now cooked to a finish, and 
 here the most enjoyable feast that was ever eaten was enjoyed by 
 Company "E," Texas Eangers, Frontier Battalion. 
 
 After the feast was over orders were given to all to spread out 
 down the valley and collect everything that had been caught in brush 
 and driftwood, and most of the camp equippage was recovered, but 
 badly disfigured by its terrible encounter with a second Noah's flood, 
 only the equippage didn't have a Mt. Ararat to lodge upon. Everything 
 that could be found was gathered and the camp was moved to Mud 
 Creek and remained there until the reductions of the battalion was 
 made. 
 
 Thos. Clark who is now a successful merchant in the pros- 
 perous and thriving town of Abilene, Texas, was at that time 
 the youngest member of the Company. For his sterling worth 
 and honor to report marks and brands correctly, and his ability 
 to kill beef, he was appointed by the Captain to that position 
 while in camp or on scouts. 
 
CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Sargeant Mather is Sent on Scout in Runnels County in which Discipline 
 
 Coupled with Individual Bravery Kills the Largest Bear in 
 
 West Texas, with a Bowie Knife. 
 
 After the new camp was properly arranged Sergeant Mathei 
 was ordered to take twenty men and go out on a scout in which the 
 discipline of this company is further demonstrated. 
 
 It was standing orders while on a scout that the men were not' 
 allowed to shoot at any thing but an Indian, and when it was neces- 
 sary to get meat the commander of the scout should detail one or two 
 men to get the meat while all the others remained on duty. In this 
 instance, the scout was marching regularly along, when one of the 
 largest (if not the largest) bears that ever was seen in Texas, came 
 marching slowly along, as if to banter them to shoot and break their 
 orders. He came nearer and nearer, and when he had got within 
 sixty or seventy yards of the scout Sergeant Mather said, "Halt, boys, 
 
86 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 remain in your positions/' and quickly taking down his small, nice 
 rawhide lariat, he dashed after the bear and before he ran one hun- 
 dred yards he threw his rope and it tightened around the bear's neck. 
 The bear grabbed the rope in his mouth to bite it in two. Mather 
 sprang off his horse; the horse was trained to hold anything that the 
 lasso was thrown over. Mather drew his Bowie knife, ran to the bear, 
 and drove it through his heart before he could bite the lariat in 
 two. The other men remained as they were ordered, all except one — 
 Bill Dunman, who ran to Mather for fear that the bear would 
 get him tangled up in the rope. 
 
 The bear's hide was brought into camp, was stretched and hung 
 up with but one hole in it. The rope was hung up by the hide 
 with the marks of the bear's teeth on it as proof of bravery and 
 discipline. This scout returned to camp without seeing any sign of 
 Indians. This company didn't keep its headquarters camp more 
 than two months in one place, and in moving always selected a camp 
 so there was a mountain' in four or five miles of it, so that a plain 
 view of the surrounding country could be had with good field glasses 
 for miles around. The Captain selected at the start four men for 
 spies that had no other duty to perform. Early each morning two of 
 them would mount their horses and go to the spy mountain and re- 
 main on duty until after dinner when they would be relieved by the 
 other two, and this spy duty was strictly kept up every day unless it 
 rained all day. 
 
 At this time the headquarters camp w^as on Mud Creek in Cole- 
 man County, in heavy post oak timber. About one half mile west 
 of the camp was a beautiful mountain for spy purposes, and the camp 
 could not be seen from its base. The spies had been kept on it 
 for nearly two months when it commenced to rain one morning be- 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 87 
 
 fore the time for the spies to go on duty, and it rained all day until 
 late in the evening so the spies were not sent out. Bill Sinclare's 
 horses would always graze off up to the spy mountain whenever he 
 was turned lose, but there was no fear of losing him by Indians 
 as the spies stood guard there all day and every day. Late in the 
 evening of this day Sinclaire went out to the m;ountain to get his 
 horse, and lo and behold ! there between the camp and the mountain 
 was an Indian trail of seventeen horses. 
 
 Sinclare's horse was hobbled, and just in the right place for them 
 to take him along. Sinclare made 2 :40 time in going back to 
 camp with the report. Orders were at once given for seventeen men 
 to saddle their horses and in five minutes the scout started; they 
 went out to the mountain and took the trail, Mexican Joe as trailer, 
 as he had been enlisted ,for that purpose, and could trail almost equal 
 to a bloodhound. 
 
 The ground was wet, and the trail was* followed at a brisk lope for 
 about twenty miles, where the Indians had halted within about one 
 hundred yards of a man's house and in all probability were intending 
 to murder the family, but before they had time to carry that into 
 effect, the Rangers came in sight. 
 
 The Rangers did not check their horses, but charged right onto 
 them. The Indians were so taken by surprise, that they were almost 
 panic stricken. At the first volley of the Rangers one Indian fell 
 dead and two more were wounded. Sinclare's horses fell dead and 
 the bow of the Indian that rode him was shot in two so the Indian 
 had no other arms but a butcher knife; this he drew and bending 
 down his head he dashed into the Rangers, uttering the wild shrieks 
 of an enraged bull. He made one desperate lunge at Sergeant Mather 
 with his knife and would have killed him, but Mather wa» the bist 
 
88 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 horseman in the company, and just as the knife descended he threw 
 himsftlf to the opposite side of his horse, Wallace, who received the 
 blow that was intended for his rider. 
 
 The knife was driven through the saddle blanket and into Wal- 
 lace's shoulderblade. At that instant the brave, devoted and heroic 
 Indian fell with four army six shooter balls driven through the vital 
 part of his body. As a deed of bravery, devotion and heroism it was 
 never surpassed, no, not by Arnold Winkelried. His devotion ta 
 hjv ^i^iof and his comrades caused him to give his life to give them >» 
 chance to get away, for when he had made his mad charge uttering 
 the shrieks of an enraged bull all eyes were turned on him, and by 
 the time he fell all the others were out of sight and gone, as it waa 
 dark, and the tim^ber and brush was thick at the place. As nothing 
 further could be done in the darkness, and it was only six miles to 
 the town of Brownw^ood the Captain took his men to Brownwood 
 where accommodations could be had for men and horses. After 
 reaching Brownwood, the men were bountifully fed at the hotels, 
 horses all well cared for at the livery stables, all but the Captain's 
 norse, he was put in a private stable, and the next morning the 
 door was open, and the Captain^s horse was gone. This was very an- 
 noying to the Captain as he was making all possible haste to go out 
 to where the fight took place as he was anxious to take the trail 
 of the Indians. 
 
 Two of the citizens of Brownw^ood, John McMahan and Henry 
 Warmick were going out to where the fight took place to bring the 
 dead Indians in for the people to see them, but as good luck w^ould 
 have it in this instance, the orderely sergeant had been sent into 
 Brownwood two days before on some company business and he rode 
 a number one horse, a race horse, that ran away with the sergeant 
 every time the company went on drill. So the Captain called on 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 89 
 
 the sergeant for his horse, which was cheerfully given, the captain 
 saying: "Sergeant, my horse will be back here in the camp before 
 night, if the Indians don't kill him, for they can't ride him." 
 
 The sergeant said, "No, the horse that can run away with Ser- 
 geant Mather, can run away with any Indian, even old Big Foot 
 himself." The scout was mounted, and waiting for the Captain, 
 as it took some little time for him to get the Sergeant's horse 
 saddled. He said, "Serge'ant Mather, Sergeant Arnet, Albert Arnet, 
 Dr. King and Mexican Joe will remain with me; Lieut. Best, you go 
 on with the balance of the men and we will overtake you before 
 you get there. McMahan and Warmick remained with the Captain 
 who soon started on behind the scout in a road that led to wh'^re 
 the fight took place. The Captain's party had not gone more than a 
 mile from Brownwood; he was riding in the lead when he discovere<l 
 a freeh trail of horses near the road. 
 
 He at once turned his horse to it to investigate it, all the others 
 of his little party followed him; they had not followed it but a 
 short distance until they were fully convinced that it was Indiana 
 that had returned to Brownwood in the night and stolen fresh horses, 
 the Captain's among the number. Here the Captain called for Mexi- 
 can Joe to take the trail, and the race for life began. The Captain 
 said, "Sergeant Mather, Wallace is disabled and can't stand the run, 
 so you had better go and join Lieut. Best," to which the sergeant 
 replied, "Wallace can stand anything, at any rate he will have to 
 go until he falls," and drawing his quirt, he hit him a keen lick in 
 the flank and drove him to the front just behind the trailer. Here 
 Albert Arnet closed up by the side of Mather and in this manner the 
 race was kept up until Joe's horse gave out. Here Mather and Arnet 
 quickly dismounted and threw off their saddles, coats, hats, and the 
 
90 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 Captain threw off his coat and they mounted their horsHs bareback, 
 and took the trail side by side, and in a short distance Mather*s horse 
 ran against the limb of a tree and knocked him off. The Captain said, 
 "Andrew, are you hurt ?" He answered, "No," and the captain passed 
 him, and in less than a hundred yards a limb struck the Captain, 
 knocking him off. Mather came up and said, "Captain, are you 
 hurt?" The Captain answered "No." "Then we are even," said 
 Mather. 
 
 Just here a fine pair of U. S. red blankets were left hanging on a 
 projecting limb, a little further on was two Indian saddles and bridles 
 left on the trail, and everything they carried was thrown dovni 
 to lighten their load. Just here the Indians were passing near 
 the Ranger Camp and the Captain had completely run down the 
 Sergeant's horse. He said, "Boys, they will go through Santa Anna 
 Gap. Keep on after them, and I will go by the camp and get a 
 fresh horse and meet you in the Gap." 
 
 When he reached the Gap his men had just passed through and 
 Mather was standing by his noble horse, Wallace, coatless, hatless, and 
 with his face all bloody from the limbs sticking in it, an object of 
 disappointment and terror. 
 
 The Captain on his fresh horse soon overtook all that was left 
 of his little party, to-wit: Sergeant Arnet, Albert Arnet and Dr. 
 King, he himself making four, but they dauntlessly followed on to 
 Robinson's Peak in Coleman County, where the country is very rough 
 and brushy, here the Indians scattered, and their trail could not be 
 followed any further. They had made the run from where the 
 trail was first struck to Robinson's Peak, a distance of sixty miles, 
 in seven hours. 
 
 The party killed a calf for meat, and wearily dragged them- 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 91 
 
 selves back to camp which they reached the next day sorely and 
 sadly disappointed, for Big Foot's guiding spirit had carried him 
 safely through another series of close places. 
 
 The first thing that greeted the Captain's eye when he returned 
 to camp was Selum, standing where he was fed. The Captain dis- 
 mounted and went directly to him, and patting him on the neck said, 
 "Selum, my boy, did you bust another ingin?" to which he uttered 
 his low familiar Whinny, as much as to say, "3^ou bet I did." The or- 
 derly sergeant coming up to greet the Captain said, "Selum did as 
 you said he would, probably killed another Indian, and came back 
 to Brownwood." "Did you ride him to camp?" "No, sir, I bor- 
 rowed a horse and led him." The Captain then said, "1 expect I 
 have killed your horse, and if so, I will get you as good a one 
 if he can be found." The sergeant replied, "I bought him to run 
 Indians, and if you have killed him in that capacity, then he is 
 well paid for," and this was the kind of men that composed Captain 
 Jefi's company; nothing small about them but their feet. The scout- 
 ing was kept up, but no more signs of Indians during this moon nor 
 until near the full of the next moon 
 
CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Captain Jeff's Lucky No. "9" and the Promptings of tlie Still Small 
 Voice Fully Verified. 
 
 Lieut. Best was sitting m the camp tent one night and the subject 
 came up of lucky numbers. The Captain said : "Lieutenant, have yoii 
 a lucky number, and if so,what is it?" The Lieutenant said, "Yes, 
 my lucky number all through life begins and ends with the 
 figure nine. My mother was born on December 9, 1829, I was 
 born on November 9, 1819, my wife was born on May 9, 1859, 
 when all the flowers were in bloom, and she is the sweetest and 
 loveliest rose that ever bloomed, and Rose is her name." Well, 
 Lieutenant, the births of our family are coincidental all the way 
 through, beginning or ending with the figure nine, and as tomorrow 
 is the ninth of the month, I propose that we make a scout with 
 nine men all told, including ourselves, and start precisely at nine 
 o'clock a. m. I will select four of the men and you can select three; 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 93 
 
 1 select Sergeant Mather, Corporal Sackett; Bill \\illiams and 
 Mexican Joe, for trailer." The Lieutenant then said: "I select 
 Sergeant Araet, Corporal Henry and Bill Dunman," 8o the names 
 of the scout stood as follows : 
 
 Ist — Captain Jeff, 2nd — Liuet. Best, 3rd — Sergeant Mather, 4th 
 —Corporal Sackett, 5th — Bill Williams, 6th — Mexican Joe, 7th — 
 Sergeant Arnett, 8th — Coropral Henry, 9th — Bill Dunman. 
 
 The list was made out and the Captain instructed the Lieuten- 
 ant to notify the men to be in readiness to start at the appointed 
 time, so at nine o'clock the following morning everjrthing was m per 
 feet readiness and the scout started at nine o'clock sharp. About three 
 miles west of the headquarters camp was a Pass that the Indians 
 sometimes went through as they returned from the settlements with 
 their stolen horses, to which point the scout was directed at the start. 
 
 When they got near the Pass they saw a lone horseman sitting ol 
 bis horse and they rode directly to him, and when near enough tc 
 recognize him the lone horseman hollowed "Hello ! Captain ! You are 
 the very man of all men that I wanted to see at this time." The 
 Captain replied, "Well, Jim, I am glad that I can be of service to 
 you; what is wanted?" "The Indians, old Big Foot and band, stole 
 a lot of horses yesterday in San Saba County near my place and my 
 race horse. Gray Eagle, with the rest. I at once mounted this pony 
 and took the trail with the hope that I might meet you or have a 
 chance to send you word. I rode the trail hard all day yesterday 
 and did not see anyone; when dark came on so that I couldn't see 
 the trail I staked out my pony and laid down, and this morning 
 followed it up to this pass. I don't think they are so far ahead but 
 that you can overtake them before dark, but my horse Gray Eagle is 
 good and gone from Jim Brown and his heirs forever, for there is 
 
94 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 not a horse on this frontier that can catch him." The Captain then 
 said, "Jim, what distance does he run ?" He replied : "One-half mile/' 
 to which the Captain smilingly said (patting Selum on the neck). 
 "Jim, if that is Gray Eagle's distance, Selum can run over him 
 or pull his head off with a hundred foot lariat in one mile and carry 
 my weight, at which he laughed quizically. "Very well, the proof of 
 the pudding is in the eating, and 1 feel that this is the day that 
 I am to sample it after so many trials, and to fully test your opinion 
 of the speed of Gray Eagle." He then said, "Boys, if we are to 
 catch those Indians we can't stand here and talk race horse any longer, 
 but get right down to business. 
 
 Jim Brown then said: "My pony can't go much farther, and it is 
 no use for me to start on with you. I wish I had a good horse," 
 to which the captain said, "and if you did, we would send you back, 
 not that we doubt your bravery, for you have fully demonstrated by 
 following and camping on the trail all alone that you could be de- 
 pended on; we have made this a special scout of nine men and we do 
 not want any more." "Then the captain said, "Joe. take the trail 
 and make this the best effort of your life," which he did^ keeping 
 in a brisk trot or lope the entire day, with the exception of a short 
 halt at three o'clock to eat a hasty lunch, and to rest and graze the 
 horses for the onward pursuit. 
 
 At four o'clock they were again in the saddles and the same 
 speed was kept up until it was growing dark, when they reached the 
 summit of an elevation, and Joe came to a sudden halt and pointed 
 towards where plainly to be seen was the Indians' fire, some two 
 miles ahead under some large spreading elms on the bank of Valle) 
 Creek, in Runnels County. 
 
 Here a short consultation was held and they moved forward in 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 95 
 
 a slow, steady walk in single file. Captain Jeff in the lead. 
 
 As they approached nearer the ground became sandy and their 
 horses^ feet made but very little noise. In this cautious manner they 
 rode up behind a clump of small trees and brush and to within two 
 hundred yards of the fire, where they halted and made a careful sur- 
 vey of the camp. They discovered that horses were tied north of the 
 fire, that two horses were tied south of the fire, and that one horse 
 was tied west of the fire and that their position was east of the fire. 
 The Indians that rode the horses that were tied south of the fire 
 and the one that rode the one tied west of the fire seemed to be on 
 guard, as they walked about to the fire and back to the horses, and 
 their movements indicated that they were placed on watch, and the 
 horse that was west of the fire was from every appearance Jim 
 Brown's race horse. Gray Eagle, and his rider was a woman. The 
 other five Indians were busy around the fire cooking beef which they 
 had killed when they made the halt. There were others out attending 
 to the horses that they had ridden through the day. All the horses 
 tl:at were tied around the fire were fresh horses for the Indians to get 
 away on in case they were overtaken. As they were so busy cooking, 
 our party saw that plenty of time was given them to mature their plan 
 of attack. It was plain to be seen from his size that Big Foot's horse 
 was south of the fire and in all probability his lieutenant's also, as 
 they two, with the women, were on guard as their every movement 
 indicated. 
 
 Captain Jeff, speaking in a low tone said, "Corporal Sackett, you 
 stay with me, I will take Big Foot and you take his lieutenant, and 
 then we will capture the squaw. Lieutenant, you take all the other 
 men and take everything at the fire and north of the fire, and 
 when we start, don't hollow, let's get right out; then before they know 
 
96 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 it, and now go." And the charge was sudden and desperate in strict 
 keeping with the Texas Ranger. 
 
 Let us follow Captain Jeff and Corporal Henry Sackett while 
 they charge south of the fire after their select game, while Lieut. Best 
 with the others charge north of the fire. At the sound of the horses' 
 feet Big Foot and his lieutenant sprang to their horses, but before Big 
 Foot could mount, Captain Jeff's six shooter spoke its voice of death 
 and Big Foot's horse fell dead. Big Foot then turned and aimed 
 his Spencer rifle, but before he could pull the trigger Captain Jeff's 
 pistol spoke again and it's leaden messenger of death went to the 
 mark knocking the hammer off of the Indian's gun and driving it into 
 his cheek, then glanced down striking him in the jugular vein and 
 breaking his neck. The blood spurted high and Big Foot fell to rise 
 no more. His career of crime ended, and the warnings of the still 
 email voice were verified. 
 
 Just at this juncture the Captain saw the glistening of a knife 
 as the little squaw cut the rope that bound Gray Eagle. With one 
 bound she lit astride the horse; she looked back with a frightened 
 but determined look, the light of the fire fully reflected on her fea- 
 tures and at the same time she gave Gray Eagle a sharp, keen cut 
 with her quirt, and was gone with the speed of the wind, but not be- 
 fore a keen eye had marked the direction which she took, and the 
 Captain said, "Now Selum here is your chance to try your full 
 mettle. The noble horse seemed to know what was expected of him, 
 and setting his eyes and ears on the flying object he bounded for- 
 ward as if to do or die in the struggle of speed, blood and endurance. 
 His rider held him firm and hard so that he would not over jump 
 himself at the start, for he had every confidence in blood of man or 
 horse. The race was up one of the beautiful valleys of Valley Creek 
 
BIG FOOT, THE NOTED KIOWA CHIEF 
 
 7 
 
98 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 without rock or bush and nothing to fear except the numerous prairie 
 dog holes that these valleys are noted for. 
 
 For the first half mile Selum held his own with the almost flying 
 Gray Eagle, and each jump after that distance lessened the space 
 between the two horses, and at the distance of about one mile Selum 
 had closed up along by the side of Gray Eagle and his rider. At 
 that moment the little woman raised her arm to strike with the knife 
 that she still held in her hand, but before she could strike the Gap- 
 tain struck her arm with a sudden blow from the heel of his clenched 
 fist and the knife fell to the ground. He then leaned forward and 
 straightened out his arm to grasp the bridle, but at that moment 
 Selum's right forefoot plunged into a prairie dog hole and he fell 
 with such force that he slid forward on the ground, and the 
 Captain was thrown ten or fifte<m feet in his advance and struck the 
 ground with such force that he was knocked senseless. How long 
 he remained in that condition he does not know, but when conscious- 
 ness partly returned to him he raised himself to a sitting position, 
 wondering where he was and how he got there. 
 
 Finally he rose to his feet and rubbed himself to see if he was 
 altogether without broken bones, and then everything came back to 
 him, the fight, the race, and his bending forward to catch the bridle 
 of the "pretty little squaw," and then everything was a blank. After 
 he recovered he looked around and saw his horse Selum resting his 
 weight on three feet, his right fore foot merely touching the ground. 
 The Captain walked up to him and gently patting him on the neck 
 said, "Selum, are you hurt?" He uttered his low peculiar whinny, 
 which he was accustomed to do when his rider petted and patted him. 
 Captain Jeff then said, "Selum, my boy, you made a noble run for 
 Gray Eagle and his rider but the fates, in this instance, as in many 
 others, were against us, and I suppose we will have to submit to 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 99 
 
 their decision, and let Gray Eagle carry the little squaw to Fort 
 Sill to report to the Quaker agents that the big Kiowa chief did not 
 get away with captives, scalps or horses this time. Come on, my 
 boy, and we will go back and get the report of the boys, and I will 
 eat some of that good beef old Big Foot was having cooked for us, 
 for he did not know that there would be a 'slip between the cup and 
 the lip,' but such there is with all of us." So saying, he walked 
 back, Selum following, limping along as best he could. 
 
 When he got back to the Indian fire where the charge was made, 
 all the other boys had done their work and were anxiously awaiting 
 his return and they greeted him with a prolonged cheer. 
 
 He said, "Bravo ! Boys, I see you are all here, and I see too that 
 Big Foot and some of his braves are here, but they are hors de com- 
 bat at last, and as we can't do anything with our horses here where 
 they smell the blood of these Indians, gather up a lot of that barbe- 
 cued beef and we will go down the creek a piece to where we can 
 quiet our horses, eat something and all make our reports," which pro- 
 gram was carried out at once. A camp was soon selected, horses cared 
 for, guards placed, supper eaten, and the Captain then said, "Now for 
 the reports; Corporal Sackett, as you went with me to the south of 
 the fire, we will hear your report first." 
 
 Corporal Henry Sackett's report : 
 
 The Indian that was on guard with Big Foot was allotted to 
 me didn't run and try to mount his horse, but stood firm, and when 
 I got in some thirty feet of him he shot with his bow and my horse 
 fell, and as my horse fell I fired at him and he dropped his bow; 
 (which was caused from Sackett's first shot cutting off three 
 of his fingers from the hand in which he held his bow) 
 when my horse fell 1 sprang to my feet and he was running to the 
 creek bank, and just as he was disappearing in the bushes on the 
 
100 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 creek bank I took the best aim I could and fired. I thought he 
 fell forward, but when I got to the place he was gone/^ 
 
 Lieut. Best's report: 
 
 According to orders we charged north of the fire. The five Indians 
 that were cooking sprang for their horses, two of them fell before they 
 got to their horses, the other three succeeded in mounting and as 
 their horses were fresh ones and good ones at that, they just simply 
 outran us. We tried to bring them' down as they ran, but we do not 
 know whether we hit any of them or not. As the Captain's report has 
 already been written in this connection, we think it just to give 
 more than a passing notice to Corporal Henry Sackett. He was a 
 young English gentleman, not only by birth and education, but a 
 gentleman in every sense of the word, and had been schooled in 
 horsemanship in the "old country,'' in riding fox and steeple chases, 
 and was endowed by nature with all the requisites to make him a 
 dashing and chivalrous Texas Kanger. To the other boys who w^re 
 to the manor born such occurrences as herein recorded were is a 
 matter of course as they always run the Indians one way or another. 
 
 Next morning on examination of the battle ground Big Foot and 
 his horse lay side by side, two other Indians lay between the fire 
 and where their horses were tied. On examination of the spot where 
 Sackett's Indian went down the bank of the creek blood was found, 
 and on further search a moan was heard and the party uttering the 
 moan was found which proved to be Sackett's Indian. 
 
 He spoke good Spanish and asked for water which was soon 
 brought to him. He drank heartily and it seemed to relieve him. 
 
 Mexican Joe was called up and he and the Captain (the Captain 
 spoke good Spanish and Joe good English) questioned him. 
 
 He said that he was a Comanche and that the dead chief was 
 a Kiowa; he said his own name was Jape or Japey, but he could 
 not be persuaded in any way to tell the chief's name. He said they 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS. 101 
 
 had left Fort Sill a few days before and that for many years they 
 had been coming down into the settlements killing, capturing and 
 robbing the settlers ; that they were the party that killed the Johnson 
 family, the Blaylock family, Bill Williams' family and killed Tom 
 Milligan in Mason county so near his house, and captured and carried 
 Miss Tod into captivity, and had carried one of Bill Williams' little 
 girls some two hundred miles and hung her by the neck to a tree 
 limb and left her hanging. This proved to be true for a party fol- 
 lowed the Indians and found the little girl just as the Indian said. 
 At this juncture of his confession Bill Williams drew his gun to 
 shoot him in the head but he was prevented from doing so as every 
 indication showed that he could live but a few minutes longer, 
 for Sackett's shot was fatal. As soon as the breath left his body 
 Bill Williams scalped him, and nobody could blame him for it, 
 Eeader, would you deprive such little revenge of that heartbroken 
 husband and father? 
 
 Mexican Joe scalped the others and seemed very proud of his 
 trophies. The other Indians did not get away with any horses save 
 the ones they rode, so the Captain and Sackett had several to pick 
 from and they got very good mounts, and moved slowly back to 
 camp, Selum limping along following. 
 
 Cheer after cheer rent the air when our little party of nine rode 
 into headquarters camp all well and sound in body and limb, 
 bringing with them the trophies of their victory at last over the band 
 that had eluded their grasp so many times. 
 
 The wiley chiefs arms and marks of rank were hung up by his 
 scalp as attests that his raids were indeed ended. His arms con- 
 sisted of a Spencer breechloading rifle, a Remington army six- 
 shooter, bow and arrow, beautifully decorated, butcher knife and 
 shield. 
 
 Ornaments of rank — First, breast ornament made out of the sec- 
 ond joints of human fingers of those he had killed in battle and 
 otherwise to the number of eighty-two joints; second, fine head- 
 dress of eagle feathers and white women's hair. 
 
CHAPTER XIV, 
 
 The Buffalo Hunt. Discipline and a Lesson Taught that Military Orga= 
 nization Could Profit by its Example. 
 
 And now, kind reader, the long and cherished object of this 
 company was at last accomplished, to-wit: the breaking up and par- 
 tial destruction and total annihilation of a band of the most success- 
 ful, daring and desperate Indians commanded by Big Foot, the 
 Kiowa chief, and Jape, the Comanche, who were protected and shield- 
 ed by the U. S. Government and its Quaker agents, knowingly or 
 unknowingly, long after they were placed on the Fort Sill reservation, 
 and the government is in duty bound to justly indemnify settlers for 
 their losses of property and deaths that they sustained by the hands 
 of the wards of the government, the Kiowas and Comanches, located at 
 Fort Sill in the Indian Eeservation bordering on the line of Texas 
 
 It is now October in the details of our narative, and the weather 
 is getting cold, and our commander ever on the alert for the good 
 of his men as well as the public service, ordered a scout of twenty 
 men, with wagon and team, for the double purpose of making a 
 scout and at the same time killing buffaloes for their hides to spread 
 in the tents to sleep on. 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 103 
 
 The third evening after leaving camp on Elm creek some ten 
 miles above where the town of Balinger now stands, buffaloes were 
 discovered in abundance, and the scout camped at once for the night 
 as the spot was a beautiful place for camp purposes. 
 
 The next morning the Captain left two men to guard the camp 
 and took twenty men with him and rode to an elevation that over- 
 looked the valleys and there to their delight was quietly grazing in 
 the valley near them a large heard of mostly old bulls, the very 
 kind that furnish the best hides for what they wanted. 
 
 Here the Captain placed nine men under Seigeant Mather and ten 
 under Sergeant Moreland and told them to charge the big fellows and 
 see which party could kill the most, saying, "I will keep Bill 
 Williams here with me on guard. We can see all over the country 
 with our field glasses." And now, reader, lend me your imaginations 
 t» help picture this never-to-be-forgotten buffalo charge. Imagine 
 nineteen young, dashing, Texas Eangers, mounted on superb, fleet- 
 footed horses, well trained to battle and firearms each man armed 
 with a breechloading Sharp^s carbine and a Colt's army six-shooter, 
 and each man ambitious of distinction and desirous of applause. See 
 them dashing down a beautiful little slope for some two hundred 
 yards with the speed of a hurricane to a nice smooth valley that was 
 covered with a monarch herd of buffaloes that were so taken by sur- 
 prise by the suddenness of the charge that they could not run in any 
 particular direction, consequently the Rangers had buffaloes before 
 them, buffaloes behind them, buffaloes between them, and hail never 
 fell faster than leaden pellets of death and pain entered the bodies 
 01 those victims of man's greed and cruelty. And now the fight 
 is on in earnest. The old bulls, maddened with pain, lower their 
 heads, raise their tails high in the air and lunge with speed and des- 
 peration at their assailants, but the fleet-footed horse, quick eye and 
 
104 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 horsemanship of his ritler eludes the mad plunge in every instance; 
 finally some of the buffaloes lead off and the rest follow them. Each 
 man then selects a fine specimen and each pursues his victim 
 until the nineteen selected specimens are brought down. Bill Dun- 
 man, not to be outdone, roped a fine one and tied it to a tree for 
 breakfast next morning. 
 
 After the heard had moved off the ground where they were first 
 attacked, two monarchs of the herd that had escaped unhurt remained 
 on the ground witli heads and tails liigli, rearing, pitching, sniffing, 
 pawing and bellowing, as much as to say, "come and tackle us," 
 which banter was more than human nature could stand and our 
 Captain did what he never allowed one of his men to do and go un- 
 punished (broke his orders). In this instance he said, "Bill (to 
 the man he had kept with him on guard), we'll go and kill them two 
 big fellows that seem to be daring us; I will take that big fellow 
 on the left, his hide is mine; you take the other for your hide.'' 
 So saying, the dash was made, and in five seconds Selum took his 
 rider close to the side of the monster of his kind, and a ball was 
 driven into his body behind the shoulder, and another and another; 
 when the huge bull lowered his head and threw his tail high in the 
 air and made a lunge at Selum (such as no other animal that ever 
 lived could make), the horse was the twinkling of an eye the quick- 
 est; he raised Selum's tail on his horns and the horse and rider passed 
 beyond his reach. 
 
 This fight as it were was kept up with many repetitions of the 
 first attack until the Captain had loaded and emptied his six-shooter 
 three timies and aiming for each shot to take effect just behind the 
 animal's left four shoulder. The shots were all fired at no greater 
 distance than from ten to thirty feet, and he was considered the best 
 shot with a six-shooter either running or standing in the company 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 105 
 
 or out of it. So w^en he had shot the monster eighteen times and 
 ho still fought as determinedly as he did at first, the Captain became 
 superstitious and thought the spirit of Big Foot or some other demon 
 had entered into whatever it was, and that it could not be killed, so 
 he slowly rode off and didn't get the hide to adorn his tent. 
 
 By the time he got back to where the slaughter commenced the 
 boys had all killed each one his picked buffalo and had assembled 
 for further orders. One man was dispatched back to camp for wagon 
 and team, butcher knives, whetstones, etc., and the skinning was com- 
 menced and kept up until the wagon was loaded down with the best 
 of buffalo hides, and moved back to camp late in the evening. The 
 camp was put in military order, which was always the first thing 
 with this company, whether there was danger of Indians or not. A 
 bountiful supper was prepared and eaten, as their appetites had been 
 keenly whetted by the exciting scenes and labors of the day. 
 
 After supper the Captain said: "Boys, it has been my painful 
 duty on some occasions to punish some of you for disobedience of 
 orders, and I broke my own orders to-day, as you all remember. I 
 placed myself and Bill Williams on guard while you were to kill 
 buffaloes, and then I left my post of duty, which is a very serious 
 charge in military discipline, and as there is no higher officer here to 
 assess my punishment, I herewith appoint all of you as a military 
 court pass sentence on me for violating orders." They all spoke 
 ar. one man: "Why, Captain, we all would have done what you did 
 had we been placed in your position." But said he, "That does not 
 alter the case, an order has been broken, and the offender must be 
 punished. Military law and the spirit of Christianity are strictly at 
 variance, and all well-balanced and thinking minds should devoutly 
 pray for the time to come spoken of by the meek and lowly Nazarene 
 that the sword should be beaten into the ploughshare and the spear 
 
106 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 into the pruning hook, and that man should learn war no more, but 
 until that timies does come military law, like the laws of the Medes 
 and Persians, must be ineorable. As you all are in a position to 
 practice the spirit of forgiveness, I am not so situated, and as com- 
 mander of this company, if I break my own orders, I must undergo 
 the same punishment that I would have been compelled to have 
 meted out to any one of you; therefore I put myself on solitary spy 
 duty for two days, while you all stretch the hides and prepare them 
 to be taken back to camp." 
 
 So the next morning the Captain saddled his horse, took a canteen 
 of water and a lunch for his dinner and rode some two miles to an 
 elevation that gave a good view of the surrounding country, and with 
 his field glasses he vigilantly scanned the surroundings until the sun 
 was set when he mounted and rode back to camip where he was 
 greeted by many exclamations of respect by his men, for in this in- 
 stance the lesson was fully demonstrated why the Captain had always 
 exacted a strict obedience to all orders, as that is the first requisite 
 to success in all military organizations, and that he had never de- 
 manded double duty of any of them that he was not bound to per- 
 form if he violated his own orders. Then they all said: "We will 
 all try never to break an order under any circumstances; but should 
 our human nature be too weak to stand the ordeal under which we 
 may be placed, we will never think it a hardship or degrading to 
 perform extra duty commensurate with the offense, as you have so 
 manfully and honorably explained/' 
 
 The next morning the Captain carried out to the letter his duty 
 of the day before and his servitude for violating his own orders wad 
 completed. On his return into camp that evening he said: 
 
CHAPTER XV. 
 
 The Reduction and Discharge of the Companies and Fifty Men from 
 Each Company in the Frontier Battalion and the Return 
 Home to it Peaceful Pursuits. 
 
 "Boys, for my part, I don't care how soon the order comes for 
 us to be mustered out of this service. We have accomplished the 
 main point or the particular object that caused me to accept a com- 
 mission to raise and command this company, as you all know it wad 
 to utterly break up Big Foot and his bloody band of Kiowas and 
 Comanches that have been depredating upon our homes, lives and 
 property for so many years, and since the Civil War have been pro- 
 tected by the United States Government and its Quaker agents, 
 which is proven by the dying confession of old Jape, and the many 
 nice blankets branded U. S. that we captured with them. I told 
 my wife when I left home that my destiny in this last drama of 
 soldier life for the last nine years was to be filled, and as the preach- 
 ers say I was called to perform a certain work, and that when that 
 was accomplished, I would return to her and the children sound in 
 
108 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 body and mind, mounted on my horse Selum, and would find them 
 all well ; and my guardian spirit seems to say that very soon we will 
 have an opportunity to return to our homes and their loved inmates." 
 
 The next morning the hides were packed in the wagon and in two 
 days headquarters camp was reached, and as the Captain had pre- 
 dicted, there was an order from the Adjutant General's office to Cap- 
 tain Jeff to leave twenty-five men in charge of Second Lieutenant 
 Foster and to report to Adjutant General's office with the balance of 
 the company for final settlement. 
 
 The next day the men were given an opportunity to volunteer to 
 stay and only twenty-five would stay. The next thing was an equal 
 distribution of the trophies taken in battle. The Captain put them 
 up in separate articles to the highest bidder, only members of the 
 company being allowed to bid, he excluding himself from the con- 
 test, although he very much wanted Big Foot's paraphernalia, and 
 he said long afterwards that he would have willingly bid one hun- 
 dred dollars for them, but he did not want his men to know that 
 he would take advantage of them by being able to outbid them. The 
 sales were all made and they am\ounted to one hundred and eleven 
 dollars, which was equally divided pro rata among all the men and 
 his command of Company E, Texas Rangers was duly turned over 
 to Lieutenant Foster, and he and his fifty men, who had prepared 
 to go out of service with him, bade a kindly adieu to their comrades 
 and in a few days presented themselves to Adjutant General Steel 
 for discharge and final settlement; and they were highly compliment- 
 ed by said officer for doing valuable and efficient service. In this 
 connection it is due the men to show the esteem in which they held 
 their Captain. They bought the finest suit of clothes that could be 
 found in the city of Austin, costing seventy-five dollars, took them 
 to the hotel and compelled him to put them on and parade the streets 
 
FROl^TIER LIFE IN TEXAS 109 
 
 with them. Two days after this Selum proudly carried his rider up 
 to his front gate, the home in tact, and the noble wife and sweet 
 children well and happy, with all the whisperings of the "still small 
 voice" fully and completely Terified. And so ends the military 
 career of the man of whom we write, and so to speak, he fulfilled 
 his promise to his devoted wife — he beat his pistol into the plough 
 share and his sword into the pruning hook and tries to learn war 
 no more. Shortly after this he moved from Burnet County, where 
 he was so unjustly persecuted. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 Retrospective View. 
 
 Reader, go back with me while we chronicle very briefly a few 
 incidents in the life of this man before this recital began. 
 
 Jn 1846 and 1847 he was a volunteer in Captain Felch's Com- 
 pany, Gray's Battalion, Arkansas Volunteers. In 1849 to 1855, in- 
 clusive, he was in the Quartermaster's employ, U. S. A. as teamster, 
 carpenter, wagonmaster, scout, dispatch-bearer, etc., and, like David 
 Copperfield, "doer of all odd jobs." He was at the location and 
 helped to build most of the old Government posts on the frontier 
 of Texas. In 1855 he was sent on a scout with Major Ruff, o^ the 
 U. S. Rifles, to guard the road running from San Antonio to El Paso 
 and near Eagle Springs the command had a fight with the Muscalry 
 
110 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 lodians, in which ten of the Indians were killed. He captured a 
 little girl child, its mother having been killed in the fight. 
 
 He took fatherly care of the little captive for some months. When 
 the command reached San Elizario, a little Mexican town on the 
 Rio Grande, he bought material to make it some clothes and gave 
 it to a Mexican woman, as he could not take care of it on the long 
 scout that was before them. Some timie after this he wrote to inquire 
 about his little captive. He was informed that it had sickened and 
 died and its little spirit had taken its flight to a better world, where 
 no doubt its murdered mother stood on the shore with open arms to 
 receive the spirit of her little girl. 
 
 We now return and follow him to the place which he has se- 
 lected for his new home. It is a beautiful basin near the geograph- 
 ical center of Callahan County, Texas. It is almost completely sur- 
 rounded by the most beautiful and picturesque little mountains, and 
 he christened it Mountain Dell, and to this lovely spot of God's 
 green earth he has devoted his time and talents to the making of a 
 lovely home. Here he has planted, pruned and cultivated with his 
 own hands everything that is pleasing to the eye, fragrant to the 
 smell or delicious to the palate. His house is well arranged, large 
 and commodious, and is presided over with ease and grace and dig- 
 nity by the same noble woman that has been his mainstay, comforter 
 and counsellor through all the varying scenes which he has been 
 called to pass through. 
 
CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 Finale. At Mountain Dale, Home of Captain Jeff. 
 
 And now in the evening of their well spent lives, reader, should 
 you chance to visit them you will find them walking hand in hand 
 through their orchard or vineyard or sitting on one of the many 
 rustic seats under their own vine and fig tree, quietly worshiping 
 the beneficent Creator for His bounties to them in giving them the 
 opportunities and the desire to beautify the earth in the making of 
 v,hat might be called a Home, as a stepping stone to that 
 
 "Land that is fairer than day. 
 
 And by faith they can see it afar, , 
 
 For the Father waits over the way, 
 
 To prepare them a dweling place there." 
 
 And should you chance to make this visit to Mountain Dell, 
 methinks I hear you exclaim : "Ve-rily, verily, Peace hath her victories 
 as well as War, for here dwells the pioneer and enthusiastic horti- 
 culturist of Callahan County, and the surrounding counties." And to 
 give his sentiments we must quote him in his peroration before the 
 Farmers' Institute in an address on grape culture. 
 
 In closing his remarks he said : "Stock raising is the occupation 
 of the barbarous and semi-barbarious nations of the earth. Manu- 
 factories are the breeders of anarchism, alcoholism, poverty and 
 crime, but agriculture and horticulture are the handmaidens of Law 
 and Religion everywhere. You may admire the stockman and his 
 broad acres, with his cattle grazing on a thousand hills; you may 
 admire the factory with its thousands of busy spindles, but what 
 
112 CAPTAIN JEFF, OR 
 
 civilizing influences do they possess? But who can stand beside the 
 tree laden with its golden fruit or the vine with its purple cluster, 
 or the rose in its superlative loveliness, without worshiping the God 
 that gave such gifts to man?" 
 
 In politics he is strictly Populistic, or Progressive, his religion 
 is broad and reaches out to the ends of the earth, and embraces every 
 kindred and tongue. 
 
 And he here wishes to put in a protest against the Grand Jury 
 of the present day. It may have been a wise institution for many, 
 many years, but it has outlived its usefulness and should be relegated 
 to the rear as one of the back numbers, for it is strictly at variance 
 with the teachings of Christ while here on earth. 
 
 He said : "It is better that ninety-nine guilty one= should go 
 unpunished than for one innocent person to suffer." 
 
 The Grand Jurors in most cases are well meaning men and the 
 majority of them are members of some Christian church, and in 
 their zeal they reverse the teachings of Christ, and by their verdicts 
 they virtually say: "It is better to make ninety-niiie innocent per- 
 sons prove their innocence than one guilty man should go unpun- 
 ished," and this is brought about in a great measure by the attorneyp 
 who are pecuniarily interested in the number of bills, and the real 
 justness of the bills is of minor importance, for some of them get 
 a small fee anyway. Again, it is praiseworthy in a Grand Jury that 
 finds the bills on the best of evidence, or the petit jury that convicts 
 without the shadow of a doubt. 
 
 It would be truly Christian in them to sign a petition for the 
 unfortunate victim as King Mercy from the higher tribunals, keep- 
 ing ever in view those beautiful words: 
 
FRONTIER LIFE IN TEXAS 113 
 
 "Teach me to feel another's woe. 
 
 To hide the faults I see; 
 That mercy 1 to others show, 
 
 That mercy show to me/' 
 
 for when they have passed the sentence for conviction they have 
 fully complied with the letter of the law, and the apostle Paul says: 
 "The letter of the law killeth, but the Spirit of the law giveth ever- 
 lasting life. The Spirit of the law and the Spirit of Christianity is 
 f(»rgiveness, that we in turn be forgiven by the author of it, needs 
 be that offenses must come," whereby a standard of right could be 
 established. 
 
 Again he thinks that capital punishment is wrong, and should 
 be abolished, for if the laws of the United States had never adopted 
 the cruel penalty of hanging, then mob law in this direction would 
 have been unknown and never resorted to. In this instance the 
 passage of Scripture is fully illustrated that sayeth, "The parents 
 eat sour grapes and the children's teeth are on edge." 
 
 Every man that the creative power allows to be bom into this 
 world and commits a crime should be allowed one chance to reprieve 
 his fallen character, "for of such is the kingdom of Heaven." And 
 now our little narrative is drawing to a close; it has not been written 
 to point a moral or adorn a tale, but to chronicle in a plain, brief 
 way some unwritten facts which have contributed their "widow's 
 mite" in making West Texas what it is today, and if perchance it 
 should be read by some young men and women and they should try 
 to emulate the peaceful pursuits of these worthy old people, then 
 the world will be bettered by their having lived in it. And know, 
 dear reader, they b:d you a kind adieu, while they wait for the call 
 from the Land of the Leal where they expect to sit down and smoke 
 the pipe of peace with Big Foot and all the nations of the earth, 
 fully recognizing and acknowledging the universal Fatherhood of 
 God and brotherhood of man. 
 
 8 
 
JAPE, THE COMMANCHIE 
 
CAPT. MALTBY HONORED. 115 
 
 Capt. Maltby Honored 
 
 Captain W. J. Maltby, Admiral, Texas: My Dear Captain — At 
 a meeting in the city of Dallas, some time back, by the Ex-Rangers 
 of this State, I had the pleasure of nominating you as historian, 
 which was agreed to. I have no doubt that you have been duly 
 notified of your selection for this important position, and truly hope 
 you will acept it. 
 
 While it was only my pleasure to have been one of your com- 
 mand for a few months, as a member of Company E, Frontier Bat- 
 talion, my association with you fully satisfied me that you had, from 
 actual experience, a vast storehouse of information relating to fron- 
 tier life, which, if portrayed on paper, would be very interesting to 
 those who wish to read it. 
 
 The many risks and hazards the early frontiersman had to con- 
 tend with, taking his life constantly in his hands, living on the con- 
 fines of civilization, helping and assisting in rendering more secure 
 the lives and property of those who were pushing along at your 
 very heels, feeling assured by the knowledge that in front of them 
 li\ed men inured to frontier life, safeguarding their lives and prop- 
 erty, without fear or care, from the encroachment of raiding and des- 
 perate bands of Indians — this you can surely portray. While thff 
 history of the frontier of Texas, from the Rio Grande on the South 
 t(^ the Eed River on the North, inseparably binds together the live* 
 of the hardy frontiersman and the Texas Ranger as one, their many 
 deeds of valor and daring, if written, will speak of the many grand 
 
116 CAPT, MALTBY HONORED. 
 
 old heroes that fought and fell ; also of those who, in some marvelous 
 way, escaped alive, though battle-scarred. And amongst these your 
 name, as one who had risked his all in the many and various trials 
 incident thereto, will stand with the foremost as having donated your 
 full quota of service in assisting to develop the Western part of 
 Texas, making life and property safe and secure as it now is, to-day, 
 unequaled in any other part of the State. The history of the ser- 
 vices rendered by the Texas Eanger to this great State of ours is, or 
 would be, if fully portrayed, of the greatest interest to many citizens 
 of our great. State. Many to-day, living safe and secure in their 
 quiet country homes, would kindly remember and do honor to those 
 who, by devotion to duty, by constant, continuous service, as Rangers, 
 ready to cope with any emergency, at any time or place, had made 
 possible these conditions, repeating the history of the growth and 
 development of all of this great country of ours from the beginning. 
 
 It would seem that in the years 1874 and 1875, during Governor 
 Coke's administration, the most efficient and effective Ranger service 
 was furnished by the State, and her Frontier Battalion, under Major 
 John B. Jones' command, finally and for all time served notice on 
 the raiding bands of Indians that their day of raiding, stealing and 
 killing on the frontier of Texas was forever and eternally a thing of 
 the past. The rapid settlement and organization of about twenty- 
 five counties (I think) on the line of the battalion's base of action, 
 CO- incident with this date, is surely proof enough that the State was 
 effectually cleared of any Indian danger and that the newly-opened 
 country was safe and secure to all comers. Company E, which you 
 commanded, and of which I was one, surely did its full duty, equal at 
 least to the duties performed by the other five companies. 
 
 To you and men of your type distinctly belong the honor and 
 credit, fontiersman and ranger, of effectualy driving from our fron- 
 tier the hostile Indian who tried men's souls. I take off my hat in 
 honor to such men, tried and true, and never found wanting. 
 
 Captain, I hope to live to enjoy reading your reminiscences, if 
 you decide to write them. With the highest personal regards, I beg 
 to remain your friend, Henry Sackett. 
 
 Admiral. Texas, Dec. 17, 1904, 
 
(BOOK II. 
 
 
Capt. Maltby's Reminiscences. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 The first man with whom I shall deal in this article is Major 
 Jones, commander of the Frontier Battalion. 
 
 He was a man endowed with excellent judgment, his bravery 
 was unquestioned, and he soon proved himself in every way quali- 
 fied to fill the responsible position to which Governor Coke had ap- 
 pointed him. On his first visit to the camp of Company E, which 
 camp was on Clear Creek, some twelve miles west of the present 
 town of Brownwood, he called on me for six men to form part of 
 his escort. He also called on the other companies for a like num- 
 ber of men to form a scout from one company to the other, and 
 this scout passed continuously back and forth along the line, and 
 made one of the most effective patrols ever institued on the frontier. 
 
 On the Major's first trip along the line a band of one hundred 
 Indians, all of them well armed, charged into his command, and 
 here his coolness, bravery and excellent judgment saved his company 
 from a complete annihilation. He succeeded in getting his men into 
 a ravine and whipped the Indians off. In this fight each of the 
 six men from Company E had his horse shot from under him, 
 and one of the men was severely wounded in the leg. The fight 
 was known as the Las Valley fight. 
 
 Jack Hays commanded the first company of Eangers that was 
 armed with Colt's five shooters and cap and ball pistols. The ter- 
 ritory that he ranged over was from San Antonio north and west over 
 the waters of the Medina, Rio Frio, Hondo, Savinal, Nueces, etc., and 
 
REMINISCENCES 119 
 
 he did as valuable services in the years of 1844 and 1845 as ever 
 has been done for the frontier of Texas. In 1846 he was ordered 
 with his Company to join Gen. Taylor with his company who was 
 then rendezvousing on the Rio Grande preparatory to making his 
 advance into Mexico. When Capt. Hays presented himself and com- 
 pany to Gen. Taylor for duty, the general was well posted in the in- 
 trepidity of Captain Hays and his company, which was then known 
 and recognized as Texas Rangers. Gen. Taylor had immediate use 
 for Capt. Hays and his intrepid Rangers, so he placed them on duty 
 as his particular Spy Company to penertate the enemy's country, to 
 locate their array, to watch and dog their movements, and report to 
 him from time to time with such information as might be valuable 
 to him in his advance, and this service could not have been allotted 
 to more valiant, worthy and intrepid men than Jack Hays and 
 his Texas Rangers. Before the battle of Palo Alto the General 
 sent Hays out to reconnoitre the 31exican's position, and in this in- 
 stance Captain Hays' headlong intrepidity caused him to penetrate 
 so far into the Mexican lines that before he was aware of the fact, 
 a large force of Mexican cavalry had him almost surrounded and cut 
 off from Gen. Taylors army. This was the most trying place that 
 our Captain had ever been in, and probably the first time in his 
 life he ever tried to pray, but as something had to be done, and 
 that quickly, he offered up this prayer : *' Almighty God, be on our 
 side if you can, but if you can't, for Christ's sake don't be on theirs. 
 But stand off on one of these hills and look, and you'll see the 
 damdest fight you ever saw in your life." And in place of saying 
 "Amen !" he said "Charge, boys ! Charge !" and they burst their way 
 through the Mexican lines like a hurricane through a canebrake, with 
 the loss of only three men killed and four wounded, none mortally. 
 Captain Jack Hays' descriptive list would read thus (at the time 
 that the writer formed his acquaintance, which was at San Antonio 
 in 1852 or 1853) : 35 years of age, 6 feet high, spare build, weight 
 150 or 160, rather dark complexion, and by occupation a bona fide 
 Texas Ranger. 
 
120 REMINISCENCES 
 
 Capt. William (alias Big Foot) Wallace, was one of the grand and 
 noble old Romans that contributed more than the "widow's mite" 
 to wresting from the bloody and barbarous Comanche »nd Kiowa 
 Indians this fair land of West Texas, that is destined in the near 
 future to be the happy and prosperous home of thousands and tens 
 of thousands of happy and contented people. Captain Wallace was 
 one of the unfortunate Mier prisoners who were subject to the 
 brutality of Santa Anna, "the Napoleon of the West," as he termed 
 himself, to which reference is made in Mrs. Anna J. H. Penny- 
 backer's History of Texas, page 112 to 116, which shows that Capt 
 Wallace was one of the fortunates that drew a white bean for his 
 life. Capt. Wallace participated in all the memorable battles of 
 '46 and '47 under Gen. Taylor and meted out to the enemy a just 
 reward for their barbarous cruelties to himself and his comrades 
 while they were Mier prisoners. 
 
 After the war of 1846-7, Capt. Wallace made his home on the 
 Madena west of San Antonio, and gave most of his time and talent 
 to the protection of that section which was continually raided by 
 Indians and Mexican outlaws. When the overland stage was started 
 from San Antonio to El Paso Capt. Wallace was employed to take 
 command of the expedition. This was very hazardous and none 
 but the toughest, most daring and resoluate men were employed to 
 go as guards and mule whackers, as some five hundred miles of this 
 road was exposed to the continued depredations of the Indians. 
 
 On one of these trips a man by the name of Jim Clark was 
 employed for his man eating qualities. Captain gave him some 
 order to which he took offense whereupon he whipped out his six 
 shooter in a bullying and braggadocio manner. The only notice Capt. 
 Wallace made to Clark's beligerent action was to speak in his slow, 
 drol manner and say, "Jim, you'd better put up that gun, damn 
 fools and boys have no business to fool with pistols, for they are 
 liable to let them go off accidentally and hurt somebody." The 
 writer kept the stage stand at Fort Clark and on the return trip 
 Clark told me the incident just as written. Clark said: "That 
 
REMINISCENCES 121 
 
 cooked me more than anything that ever happened to me, and it has 
 learned me a lesson, that I will never draw my pistol on a brave 
 man again, and I would follow old Big Foot wherever he leads, yes, 
 to the jumping off place, and if it needs be, jump off with him/' 
 
 Capt. Wallace had perfect command over himself and all those 
 that were placed under him. The stage was attacked several times 
 while in charge of Capt. Wallace, but his bravery and good general- 
 ship always whipped the Indians off, and he brought in the mail 
 on regular time. 
 
 In the year 1856 Capt. Wallace went in charge of a large train 
 of eight mule teams loaded with merchandise from San Antonio to 
 Chihuahua. On his return trip the writer fell in with him at Old 
 Fort Lancaster on the Pecos river and tidveled with him some two 
 hundred miles, and one night while sitting in camp I said to Capt. 
 Wallace, "how did you get the name of "Big Foot?" Your foot is 
 in fair proportions to your size, as a man." He replied, "well, as 
 we have been acquainted for some years, and you know that I am 
 not given to boasting of deeds performed when and where I could 
 not help myself, I will tell you." 
 
 "For years I was one of a party that followed the Indians when 
 they raided our country and from time to time the trails showed that 
 one of them made a much larger track than the others and it was 
 generally supposed that he was the Big Foot Indian and "mucha 
 bravo." Well, to make a long story short, the Indians came in and 
 killed two or three persons, and stole a bunch of horses and struck 
 out as usual. We gathered up some fifteen men and struck out after 
 them. We pressed hard after them* for five days when we camped 
 just at, or near dark, and about the same time some of our party 
 discovered a fire around the bend of the creek; it was then decided 
 that we all keep perfectly quiet and not make any fire, and I pro- 
 posed to go very stealthily forward, and spy out the camp and its 
 surroundings, which I started to do. 
 
 At once my course was up a narrow, shallow ravine that was 
 rather smooth in the bottom, with thick brush on each side. About 
 
122 REMINISCENCES 
 
 half way from where I started to the Indian fire, the little ravine 
 nie«c]e a short, abrupt turn, and then went on up to where the 
 Indians were camping. I suppose that about the time that I started 
 to spy out the Indian camp, the big Indian started back to find out 
 if they were followed. At all events, we met just at the short turn in 
 the ravine. I can't tell how it was, or why, unless it was so ordered 
 but it seemed as if by mutual consent we both dropped our guns 
 and rushed together. I threw my entire weight and strength against 
 him, whi^h forced him back. His foot caught on some obstruction 
 and we fell, my whole weight on his breast, which seemed for the 
 moment to have knocked the breath out of him. In an instant I 
 drew my knife and drove it into his breast, once, twice, thrice, with 
 all the speed and strength that I could command, and he died with- 
 out a groan. I rose to my feet trembling and perfectly exhausted, 
 and I fervently tried to thank Kind Providence for allowing me to 
 draw another white hean. I picked up my gun and went slowly back 
 to camp and by the time I got back to camp my strength and nerve 
 had greatly revived, so much so that I was able to explain what 
 had happened, and what I supposed would be the proper mode of 
 making the advance on the Indians. 
 
 My plan was approved and I said, "All follow me, and don't 
 speak above a whisper or break a dry twig, if you can help it." Wc 
 all moved cautiously up the little ravine that seemed to have been 
 made for this special occasion, passed the curve and over the dead 
 Indian, and straight forward to the Indian fire. 
 
 We approached to within some one hundred yards of the fire 
 without making any alarm, and here we had a pretty good view of 
 the fire around which eight buck Indians sat roasting beef. I whis- 
 pered to my men to take the very best aim they could and at the crack 
 of my gun to all fire, which was nicely dont^ and four big bucks 
 fell over, some of them into the fire, the other four sprang to their 
 feet, dashed into the thick brush, and were gone. We reloaded our 
 guns, and walked up to the fire, picked up the sticks of meat they 
 were cooking, left the dead Indians just as they fell, and went back to 
 
REMINISCENCES 123 
 
 our horses, unsaddled them, each man staked out his own horse, 
 sat down by him, ate his piece of Indian beef and remained in that 
 position until morning. 
 
 When good daylight came we saddled up, went around the way 
 the Indians went the evening before and" rode up to the fire, where 
 everything was just as we left it, only the Indians that fell in the fire 
 were pretty well cooked. As our appetites had no cravings for 
 such meat, and as there was plenty of good beef hanging on a tree 
 that was left the evening before, we each one cut a piece to suit 
 himself, tied it to his saddle and then moved down the fatal little 
 ravine (to the Indian). 
 
 When we got down to the curve where I drew my second white 
 bean, on examination we found that my special antagonist of last 
 night was the Big Foot Indian, and so the men with one accord 
 hurrahed for Captain "Big Foot Wallace," and the name has stuck 
 to me ever since and I gratefully and thankfully accept it as another 
 "white bean" in the prolongation of my earthly existence." 
 
 Descriptive list of Capt. William (alias Big Foot) Wallace: Six 
 feet two inches high, weight two hundred to two hundred and 
 twenty-five pounds, beard and hair black and very heavy. Eyes blue, 
 and by occupation, like Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett, a frontiers- 
 man, and one of God's noblemen. His disposition was that of a 
 child, in peace, but terrible and destructive as a lion in war. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Col. John S. (Rip) Ford. To follow this man through the bat- 
 tles of the Mexican war of 1846 and 1847, and his councils in 
 peace in the legislative halls, and his prowess as a soldier on the 
 
124 REMINISCENCES 
 
 battlefield as a Texas Ranger in Central and West Texas, and 
 the border troubles on the Rio Grande, would require a volume, arid 
 must be left to a more gifted pen than mine, although the writer has 
 been with Col. Ford in some of his military expeditions when valuable 
 service was performed for both the State and the Confederate States. 
 It will suffice to say that he was a minature Washington ; first 
 in war, first in peace, and first in the hparts of his frontiersmen. 
 He seemed to carry a charmed life that was proof against shot, 
 shell, fire or the sword, for he passed through a long and eventful 
 career with but little bodily harm, and died at a green and mellow old 
 age, at his home, surrounded by a loving family and friends, and had 
 the very highest respect of all who knew him personally, and left 
 a bright and brilliant star in the galaxy of the Texas Ranger. 
 
 Col. Ford's descriptive list: Six feet high, weight one hundred 
 and seventy-five pounds. Compelxion light, blue eyes. Occupation, 
 editor, doctor, representative, soldier, statesman, typical Texa« 
 Ranger, 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Gen. Henry McCullough, soldier ranger and patriot. This man 
 was another bright cloud that hung over the frontier of Texas for 
 80 many long and weary years. This man's service as a ranger, 
 citizen and patriot was equal to any and inferior to none, and the 
 name McCullough will be inscribed on the pages of Texas history 
 as one of its grand and noble defenders. 
 
 Here is a little incident in his life as related by himself in regard 
 to the strength of the bridle having something to do with the speed 
 of the horse, particularly when in pursuit of a deadly foe. 
 
 Once upon a time when Captain McCullough commanded a com- 
 
REMINISCENCES 125 
 
 pany of Rangers, he was in hot pursuit of a band of Indians when a 
 Mexican fell in with him riding apparently a very worthless pony. 
 
 The Captain said to him, "Your pony is worthless and can't keep 
 up." The Mexican replied: "Kin sava, senior, yo pienco K see." 
 
 The Indians were soon sighted, and the Ranger charge was made, 
 and as ridiculous as it may appear the Mexican's worthless little 
 pony outran the Captain's horse from start to finish. After the 
 fight was over the Captain inquired of the Mexican how it was 
 possible for him to make such a pony out run his Kentucky horse. 
 The Mexican rode up to him and with a quizzical expression beaming 
 from his every feature, and gently taking hold of his bridle said, 
 "Me no have strong bridle like El Capitano." 
 
 Gen. M(cCullough was a man of strong individuality and dared 
 to do what he thought was right regardless of the consequences. An 
 instance of this came within the writer's own knowledge. 
 
 In 1862 H. E. McCullough was made Brigadier General in the 
 Confederate Army; Allen's, Waterhouse's, Randall's and Flourney's 
 regiments formed his brigade. They were formed into the brigade 
 near Little Rock, Ark., where Gen. McCullough issued an order that 
 no man should kill a hog, and that if any man was caught killing a 
 hog he would have him dishonorably drummed out of the camp. 
 
 A few days after, two men were caught killing a hog. The Gen- 
 eral at once had the brigade formed in two lines facing each other, 
 a space of say fifteen feet between them, placed the prisoners at the 
 head of the column with four men of the guard in the attitude of 
 charge bayonets behind them, and with drum and fife, had them 
 marched down the lines with music fitted to the words : 
 
 "Poor old soldier, poor old soldier. 
 
 Tarred and feathered and sent to hell 
 Because he broke an order," etc. 
 
 The General had the brigade formed into a hollow square facing 
 inwards. He rode into this square and taking off his hat, said; 
 "Officers and men of this brigade, I am sorry that my sense of duty 
 
126 REMINISCENCES 
 
 and discipline compelled me to carry our this seemingly tyrannical 
 order, but as commander of this brigade, my orders must be obeyed as 
 long as I command it. 1 hope the brigade will stand by me in doing 
 what I conceived to be the best for the good of the service and the 
 protection of the citizens and their property. If you do not approve 
 of my actions, then I will stand alone in doing what I think is right. 
 All that will stand by me will step one step forward." He then gave 
 the command "march'* and the entire brigade stepped one step for- 
 ward, and he was unanimously exonerated. He still rode his fine 
 Kentucky horse with a strong hridle. 
 
 Descriptive list of Gen. Henry E. McCullough : Five feet 10 
 inches high, light complexion, blue eyes; weight one hundred and 
 fifty pounds. Occupation, farmer, stock raiser, ranger, soldier, 
 patriot. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Gen. John K. Baylor. This name stands in the front rank of 
 frontier heroes as ranger, frontiersman, soldier, patriot and states- 
 man. 
 
 This man's operations were in Central and North Texas and 
 he did as much in driving back and holding the Indians in chevk 
 as any other. He was well versed in the use of all the fire arms 
 of his day, and in additon he was a perfect expert with the historical 
 arms of the Indians, the bow and arrow, and the lance, which he 
 always carried with him when scouting for Indians. He always 
 killed the meat for his scouting party with the bow and arrow as 
 the report of fire arms would oftimes give the Indians the direction 
 of his whereabouts. Like Big Foot Wallace, he was a man of 
 powerful physique, and could run his horse along by the side of ai, 
 
REMINISCENCES 127 
 
 large buffalo, and drive an arrow through its body. In the years 
 01 1858-9 the government placed the Comanche and Kiowa Indians 
 on the reservation at Camp Cooper on the Clear Fork of the Brazos, 
 and placed officers and soldiers to protect them with arms, cannon, 
 etc. The government fed and clothed and protected them, but did 
 rot keep them from raiding the unprotected white settlers, which 
 was borne by the white settlers until forbearance ceased to be a 
 virtue, and so they prayed for a comni.inder to lead them againsi 
 Camp Cooper and wipe it from the face of the earth — as far as 
 itr. occupants were concerned. Their prayers were answered in the 
 person of Capt. John E. Baylor, a Texas Eanger of true and tried 
 ability, who was ever ready to lead a forlorn hope for the good of his 
 suffering and unfortunate people. 
 
 That winter James M. Lovett and Wilson Light and myself had 
 gone to the Wichita Mountains to join Maj. Earl V^ndorn, who had 
 been ordered to that locality by the United States Government to 
 make a determined onslaught against the Indians that were reportea 
 to be congregating in great numbers in the Wichita mountains. 
 
 When the writer's little party of three reached Maj. Vandorn's 
 camp which was located at the south base of the mountains on the 
 head of the creek called Sandy, the Major had gone on a scout in 
 which he took an Indian camp by surprise and killed fifty warriors 
 and piled them up in one pile. He lost several of his men, killed 
 and wounded, among whom was Lieut. Radsminsky, who heroically 
 lost his life to save the life of his commanding officer — Maj. Earl 
 \ andorn. 
 
 When Maj. Vandorn returned to camp he named the camp 
 Kadsminsky in honor of his lieutenant, who so heroically gave his 
 lite to save the life of his commanding officer. Here the writer 
 formed the acquaintance of Sol B. Davis, a nephew of Jefferson 
 Davis, who was the Secretary of War. Sol B. Davis carried with 
 him an order from the Secretary of Wrir to any commanding officer 
 of government posts to turn over to the said Sol B. Davis any num- 
 ber of soldiers for escort, or any government property to suit hj^ 
 
128 REMINISCENCES 
 
 pleasure or convenience. Sol B. Davis had just come out to Van- 
 dorn's camp from Fort Arbuckle, where he had obtained a lieutea- 
 ant and twenty soldiers for an escort, two six mule teams, wagons, 
 tents, and other camp accessories. 
 
 His own private traveling equipage consisted of a very fine 
 ambulance with a five hundred dollar pair of mules to draw it, a 
 man to drive it, a fine saddle horse and saddle mule and a negro 
 cook, and all kinds of firearms up to date, with tobacco, pipes and 
 whiskey galore. Myself and Light were pressingly invited to join 
 him in his buffalo hunts, and as he had wagons, teams, tents and 
 soldiers to guard us while in camp we cheerfully accepted the in- 
 vitation, since we were well mounted, well armed and out for venture, 
 fun or frolic. 
 
 In these hunts many things happened, but we will relate one that 
 was not so very funny. It was on Cash creek, below where Fori 
 Sill is now located. We had camped on the creek. Davis, Light 
 and myself went up the creek some three or four miles to kill just 
 such buffalo as we mis^ht fancy. Davis rode his fine horse, bought 
 for this very purpose. Light and myself rode the best of Texas 
 horses. Some four miles from camp we discovered a bunch of 
 buffalo just to our liking, which consisted mostly of two year old 
 heifers that could run, and "dont you forget it. 
 
 We wanted to give Davis a chance to try his fine horse, and to 
 hove something that he could remember and tell when he got back 
 home, and we did. When we got ready to make the charge, Davis 
 tied his fine breech-loading rifle fast to the horn of his saddle, in- 
 tending to use his six-shooter only in the run. 
 
 Light and myself were armed with Colt's army six-shooters, cap 
 and ball, one each. In the charge Light's horse took the lead, and the 
 buffalo turned and I dashed right into them and commenced firing 
 as fast as I could. Davis was just behind me. My firing, and the 
 buffalo, frightened Davis' horse which threw him, and like Brother 
 Crawford's horse of old, he threw his tail over his back, and said, 
 "Farewell, Brother Davis." The horse almost flew after he haci 
 
REMINISCENCES 129 
 
 thrown his rider, for with his every jump the muzzle of the gun 
 would rise and come down with a wliack on his side or shoulder, and 
 this of course drove him to his utmost speed. 
 
 We followed him with our eyes for about a mile and a half, when 
 we taw a bunch of Indians dash in all around him. Light got off 
 his horse, made Davis mount into the saddle, sprang up behind him 
 and if we did not make as good time to camp as Davis' 
 horse did after he said "Farewell, Brother Davis" — why we almost 
 did, you know how it is yourself — if you have been there. 
 
 After we got to camp we summed up the casualties of the day's 
 liunt and it stood thus: No meat, Davis' horse, bridle, saddle, gun 
 and powder flask lost, Light and Jeff with two empty pistols and 
 nothing to load them with. Had the Indians overtaken us we would 
 have fallen easy pray as we liad nothing for defense except Davis' 
 six-shooter and the loads that were in it. 
 
 As Sol B. Davis would have something to remember when he 
 ^^ot back home to Baltimore. We returned, to Texas by way of Camp 
 Cooper, and got to Camp Cooper the day after Capt. John R. Baylor 
 made his unsuccessful attack on the Indian reservation. This wide 
 digression was to show how the writer happened to be there the 
 next day after the attack. If Capt. Baylor had been in command 
 of two hundred of his old Eangers in all probability he would have 
 been successful for the time being. But those big ugly cannon loaded 
 to the muzzle was more than tend erf eet con Id attack. 
 
 The movement was productive of good results to the settlers, 
 anyway, for it caused the government to locate Fort Sill in the In- 
 dian Reservation and move the Indians to it, which saved many 
 lives and much property. Baylor was made a Brigadier General in 
 the Confederate War, and before leaving San Antonio he had a 
 nice Confederate uniform made suitable to his rank, and the ladies 
 of San Antonio presented him with a beautiful Confederate flag, 
 both of which he prized very much. 
 
 After the war was over he lived in San Antonio for some years, 
 and the last time the writer met him was during Gov. Coke's admin- 
 
 9 
 
130 CAPT, MALTBY HONORED. 
 
 istration. I met him in the legisaltive hall and after the usual 
 friendly greeting, he said, "Come, let's go down and irrigate," mean- 
 ing take a drink. We walked down to an irrigation fountain and 
 after turning down an exhilarating quantity of the "Oh, be joyful" 
 the General said, "The doctors advise me since my last sickness to 
 take a little stimulent pretty often." I replied, "I had not heard of 
 your sickness." He said, "Oh, yes. I have been at death's door. The 
 doctors all gave me up, and told Mrs. Baylor that I could not live 
 and for her to ask me if I had any request to make before I died. 
 She came to me with tears streaming down her cheeks, and said, 
 'John, have you any requests to make?' and if so, she would have 
 them performed. I said, "Yes, if I die I want you to put me in my 
 Confederate uniform, wrap my Confederate flag around me, and 
 when I get over there I will walk up to Stonewall Jackson and 
 report to him for duty." By the time this little speech was ended, 
 tears were streaming down my cheeks. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 THE LAST SKIRMISH WITH THE INDIANS ON THE RIO 
 GRANDE, AND WHAT LED UP TO IT. 
 
 In 1883 the United States Government had forced all of the dif- 
 ferent tribes of Indians that depredated on the frontier of Texas 
 onto the diiferent reservations, but still there were some roving bands 
 of the different tribes that found a refuge in the mountain fastnesses 
 of the Eio Grande where game and fish were abundant and where a 
 vast country two or three hundred miles in length on either side of 
 the river was totally uninhabited. 
 
 The Texas and Pacific Railway had crossed the western frontier 
 and the stockmen, eager to take possession of all the water and grass. 
 
REMINISCENCES 131 
 
 made a mad rush westward and drove their stakes and set up their 
 claims on every available location suitable for a big stock ranch; so at 
 the time of which I write, all of the locations worthy of note, for 
 size, water and grass, were located and had the cattle on them, 
 and the last and only chance to get possession of a big stock ranch 
 lay on the Eio Grande some two hundred miles below El Paso. 
 
 Its security from location was, on acoimt of it being held by the 
 different bands of uncaptured hostile Indians and Mexican marauders, 
 spoken of at the beginning of this chapter. It was understood that 
 thirty leagues in one body of this land, in the desirable portion be- 
 longed to one rich Mexican, and the facts and records of same could 
 bo obtained only in the city of Chichihuhua, Mexico. 
 
 Clabe eMrchant and T. B. Hadley, being very extensive stockmen, 
 like all others, were very desirous of getting permanent possession 
 of just such a ranch of thirty thousand acres of well watered and 
 well grassed land, so as to graze their cattle upon a thousand hills 
 where no one could dare to make them afraid. 
 
 The determination of the above named gentlemen was to send 
 a representative to negotiate and get an option for twelve months 
 on the land so as to give them time to look it over and decide as to its 
 value as a big and permanent ranch. 
 
 The next consideration was a man that they could send for- 
 ward to Chichihuhua as their representative and they both nominated 
 Capt. Jeff as their first choice. They at once called on him and ex- 
 plained what they wanted and urged him to accept the mission, 
 saying, "We will grant you any request you may make in the premises. 
 Captain replied : "Well, gentlemen, I think your first choice of me 
 for this mission flatters my abilty in a deal of its probable magni- 
 tude, but give me Ed S. Seay, one of my true and tried rangers, 
 whose courage and ability has ever been equal to the occasion or 
 the requirements, and I will undertake to carry out your mission 
 to a successful and profitable conclusion." 
 
 As Ed S. Seay was a son-in-law of Clabe Merchant, the pre- 
 liminaries for the trip were soon made, the day set to start, and 
 
132 REMINISCENCES 
 
 the journey to Chichihuhua made without let or hindrance. The records 
 examined, the owner found, negotiations entered into perfectly sat- 
 isfactory, records made and our little party of two, very reluctantly 
 bade adieu to the land of perpetual roses, dark eyed, blushing, senor- 
 itas, sparkling fountains, moon-lit promenades, etc. 
 
 If they had not been married men, and honor bound to return 
 they would have been there yet. Reader, had you been with them 
 you would have thought so too. They reached home without any 
 incident worthy of note on the trip. Their trip was more than sat- 
 isfactory to their employers, and the day was set to board the Texas 
 and Pacific Railway at Baird, with saddle horses, pack mules and 
 everything necessary to make a close and careful inspection of the 
 country on both sides of the Rio Grande, both above and below (where 
 the famous Spring of the Future is located). 
 
 The mantel of the expedition was thrown on Capt. Jeff, and he 
 was compelled to wear it in honor of his long service and experience 
 after Indians in this same country in the year of 1855. The party 
 that was to go forward and view out this "promised land," if there 
 was any such, was Clebe Merchant, Tom Hadley and our Jeff, and 
 no truer or better men, or better shots could be found on the frontier 
 of Texas, the natural home of the true and the brave. 
 
 Our little party of three got everything, as they thought, that they 
 could use on the trip, but they didn't, as will be told later on, and 
 three days before they were to start Mr. Clabe Merchant was taken 
 sick, and his doctor said it would be impossible for him to go, so 
 h.^ picked one George Laird, one of his true, trusted and tried cow- 
 boys, to go in his place. So the outfit was loaded, the tickets bought 
 for Carizo Pass, which place we reached in due time. We unloaded 
 and took inventory of our stock and found everything we could use 
 but a fish hook and line, which was one of the things that they 
 would need badly, especially when they got to the Rio Grande. 
 
 So they borrowed a small perch hook and line from a lady, and Jeff 
 said, "Boys, I will show you some expert fishing with this hook and 
 line before we get back." 
 
REMINISCENCES 133 
 
 The horses were saddled, mules packed and they struck out for 
 Eagle Springs, some fifteen miles distance, and directly on the way 
 they wanted to go. They reached the springs and camped for the 
 first night. 
 
 After horses were cared for and supper was eaten, Capt. Jeff said, 
 "Boys, throughout the balance of this trip, we will each one be 
 called by his Christian name. I will be called simply Jeff and you will 
 be called Tom and George, the old familiar frontier style.^' He 
 then said, "Boys, to while away the time, and make sleep sweeter 
 when we do lie down, I will relate to you some of my experiences 
 at this place, Eagle Springs, just twenty-eight years ago in this 
 month in the spring of 1855. The Indians on this road, which runs 
 from San Antonio to El Paso, were very troublesome and killed 
 a great many people all along the road, and more at this place 
 than at any other, and to protect the travel on this road, the 
 United States Government sent Maj. Rough with one company of 
 United States rifle men to scout up and down the road. 
 
 A train of twenty-five six-mule teams was sent with him to haul 
 necessary supplies for a company of men for six months. The 
 expedition started from Fort Clark. At that time and for years be- 
 fore I was in the quartermaster's employ as a carpenter, and had 
 helped to build a number of the Government posts on the frontier of 
 Texas. The Quartermaster sent me with Maj. Rousjh as his carpenter 
 Ij keep his train of wagons in repair, so that he could keep on the 
 move to give better protection all along the road, as this Eagle 
 Spring was considered one of the worst places on the road, Maj. 
 Bough put in more time here than anywhere else. The first time 
 our command camped here, our guide, James Cloud, was telling me 
 and the wagon master of the scenery there was back on the Rio 
 Grande, just where we are going tomorrow. 
 
 His description was so grand and romantic that we three went 
 to Maj. Rough and asked his permission to allow us to go back to 
 the river and view its sceneries, to which the Major readily consented, 
 saying, "I will send Lieut. Randal and twenty men along with you, 
 make a scout and add business to pleasure.'' 
 
134 REMINISCENCES 
 
 The guide led off to the front and the scout followed in military 
 procession for a distance of some twelve miles. The guide rode some 
 little distance in advance of the scout and just as he reached the top 
 of a ridge or hill his quick eye discovered a band of Indians at the 
 bottom of the hill beating up mesquite beans on a large, flat rock. 
 
 He drew his horse suddenly up and motioned back, "halt." 
 The Indians did not see him, and the top of the hill completely hid 
 the scout from their view. Here a council of action was quickly 
 held. Lieut. Randal, with a part of the men, the guide in the lead, 
 was to go around them. Some were detailed to hold the horses, the 
 others to lie down and crawl to the top of the hill, but not to show 
 themselves and not to make any noise until the report of the guide's 
 rifle was heard, which was carried out to the letter. The guide worked 
 his party around to within two hundred yards of the Indians un- 
 discovered, at which time the chief raised his head to look, and the 
 clear, keen crack of the rifle broke the silence of the mountain air, 
 and the chief fell back with a rifle ball through his brain. 
 
 The signal to shoot was given, and all hands tried to make a full 
 **hand" in the massacre. For massacre it was to the poor, unfortunate 
 victims, as they had no show for their lives, surrounded as they were. 
 
 The smoke of battle soon cleared away, and we advanced to 
 where they fell, ten in number, and two of them were women; and 
 there by the side of one was a beautiful little girl, some twelve or 
 fourteen months old. We carried this little thing back to this place, 
 and my mess had plenty of pork and beans and the little one seemed 
 to be nearly famished and I fed her all of the pork and beans that 
 her little stomach could hold, thinking at the time that the gorge 
 would kill her, and she would be better off, but it never made her the 
 least sick. I kept her and fed her the same thing day after day for 
 two months and she fattened like a pig. 
 
 The newspapers of San Antonio made a great to do about Major 
 Rough's ten strike and Lieutenant Randal's scalping the chief, but 
 did not mention us that got up the scout. Had he, Major Rough, 
 been the Indian fighter that the papers blew him up to be or had the 
 
REMINISCENCES 135 
 
 expedition been under the command of some of the old Texas Ean- 
 gers, and I could have lived to make the report, I think I could 
 have made the report of the biggest Indian fight and the capture 
 of the most horses and mules of any one fight on the frontier of 
 Texas outside of General McKenzie's fight, but Major Rough was 
 not a McKenzie, neither was he a Texas Eanger. 
 
 It was this way: After Major Rough had made this ten strike 
 chat I have just related, we moved on towards El Paso and moved 
 on back by this place, some two months later went on down by Fort 
 Davis and camped at what was then known as Barilla Springs, some 
 thirty miles east of Fort Davis, and some thirty miles west of Leon 
 Holes. As our command was pulling out of camp just as the 
 sun was rising the next morning, we saw two lone horsemen coming 
 to meet us, which proved to be George McCIellan, a government 
 wagonmaster, and one of his teamsters. He reported to Major 
 Rough substantially as follows: That he had been sent from Fort 
 CJark with nine six-mule teams and wagons loaded with supplies 
 to be delivered at Fort Davis; that yesterday he reached the Leon 
 Holes about noon and turned his mules loose to water and graze, 
 placed two men to herd them; the Indians saw them coming and 
 secreted themselves and when the mules got off a little distance 
 from the wagons they dashed in between the mules and wagons and 
 drove them off, all but one, which was blind in one eye and in the 
 scare its good e3^e was towards the wagons and it ran to them and 
 was saved. The teamsters all had six-shooters and they ran afoot 
 after the Indians firing as best they could and captured several 
 things which they made the Indians drop, among which was a beau- 
 tiful blond scalp, no doubt of some pure white girl that they had 
 captured, outraged and brutally murdered. The guide, James Cloud, 
 and myself rode over the ground and found that there was four 
 bands of the Indians and that they were driving as much as 1000 
 head of mules and horses to the band, making 4000 head in all, 
 besides the fifty-four mules of the government train. They had 
 so many the teamsters while running them afoot captured thirteen 
 
136 REMINISCENCES 
 
 head of horses and mules, one of which one of the teamsters rode 
 while the wagonmaster rode the one-eved mule which the Indians did 
 not get. 
 
 The wagonmaster did not know anything of Major Eough's where- 
 abouts so he waited till dark and he and his teamsters saddled up 
 the two mules and struck out for Fort Davis and came to us as I 
 have stated. Major Bou^h moved his command on down to Leon 
 Holes that day and camped. The next morning he ordered a scout 
 of thirty men to take the trail and follow it thirty miles and then 
 return. I did not hear the orders given to Lieutenant Eandal so 
 I saddled up my horse and started with the scout. After riding 
 along six or eight miles I rode up by the side of the guide and he 
 said: "Jeff, if I was you T would not go." I said, "Why?" He 
 said, "We are only going to follow the Indians to-day and back to 
 camp to-morrow, and we have no show to overtake them, and you will 
 have two days' ride for nothing." So I turned and rode back and 
 it proved as he said. When the scout got back the next evening 
 I went to the guide and asked him all about it and he said: "The 
 Indians stopped, killed and ate three government mules in going 
 less than thirty miles," which so exas,)erated Garrigus, the wagon 
 master and myself, in connection with the pretty blond scalp, that 
 we three went to Major Eough and plead with him to let us take 
 government mules and the teamsters who were all willing to go, 
 and follow them and make the fight. As the guide said he was sure 
 the Indians were no farther than the Horse Head crossing on the 
 Pecos, their noted place to rest, eat and sleep after their long, hard 
 raids on the frontier settlers, as they had no knowledge of Major 
 Bough and his sixty-five well-mounted, well-armed U. S. riflemen and 
 his thiriy-seven teamsters, being in fifty miles of them and they 
 need not have cared, as it proved. Boys, here was the best oppor- 
 tunity to make a historical fight and recapture 4000 head of the 
 suffering and bleeding frontier men's horses and mules that has 
 ever come under my observation, but it seemed that the Indians' 
 Kind Providence sent them a Major Bough to protect them. 
 
REMINISCENCES 137 
 
 We will go by the place tomorrow and .see if the Indians were ever 
 found and buried. I thought then and think yet that such a killing was 
 cruel and savage in the extreme, our only justification was and is 
 that they would have murdered us just the same, if they had been 
 given the opportunity that was presented to us. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 And now, boys, as times have changed so much in the last twenty 
 eight years here at Eagle Springs, I think we can spread down our 
 blankets and sleep sweetly without fear of the bloody tomahawk and 
 scalping knife of the wily savage." 
 
 By daybreak the next morning our little party of three was up 
 and as gay as larks and felt ready and equal +o any and all emer- 
 gencies that might lie in their path. Breakfast was prepared and 
 eaten. Horses saddled, mules packed and the start made for the 
 Eio Grande via where the Indians were slaughtered twenty-eight 
 years before. Jeff's retentive memory of location, being a natural 
 woodsman, enabled him to go straight to the spot where the unfortu- 
 nate Indians were killed. Their bones were all there as none survided 
 to tell the story to the rest of the tribe. 
 
 About noon they reached the river, and while Tom and George 
 unpacked the mules and made a fire, Jeff stepped down to the river 
 with his little perch hook and brought back a five or six pound cat 
 fish, which, with other things, made a splendid dinner. As they had 
 had a very hard ride in the forenoon they took a long rest and in 
 the afternoon they saddled up and crossed the river. As the river 
 was dry in that place, they went several miles into Mexico, and re- 
 turned back at night to their first camp. As they came into camp 
 that evening Jeff noticed a good many deer signs and he said, "Boys, 
 I will go over there in the morning and kill a deer for breakfast." 
 
138 REMINISCENCES 
 
 So, next morning when it was good light he said, "Tom, saddle up 
 a horse and when you hear me shoot come over. I will have a nice 
 deer for you to bring back to camp." So saying he walking across 
 the bed of the river and in a few minutes the crack of the rifle rang 
 out clear and sharp, and Tom said, "George, Jeff has got it. I will 
 ride over and get it, and we will have a good venison steak for 
 breakfast." After partaking of a hearty breakfast they packed and 
 saddled up and went down the river some miles where it made a short 
 bend, and ran against the bluff. There was grass in the bend, and the 
 prettiest place to fish that was ever seen. 
 
 Jeff said, "Boys, let's noon here and I will show you what an 
 expert I am in catching big catfish with a minnow hook." So, while 
 the boys were attending to the horses and making a big fire, Jeff 
 cut a long willow pole, took a piece of the deer's liver and went down 
 to the river, where he found one of the prettiest nlaces to land a 
 bifj fish with a small hook that was ever seen, and then the fun 
 commenced, for no sooner than the bait struck the water than a nine 
 pound cat fish had it and he was safely landed, and a second and 
 a third in rapid succession. After cutting a willow switch and 
 running it through their gills he carried them to the fire, and George 
 remarked, "I'll bet my boots and make this trip bare-footed, that 
 Jeff can catch the largest fish with tl :e smallest hook of any man in 
 the world." As there was more fish than enough for one meal they 
 thought that they would have one for dinner. So Jeff soon had one 
 dress for dinner which George fryed to a fine finish, and another 
 good old frontier dinner was eaten. 
 
 After they were rested they saddled and packed and Jeff re- 
 marked, "I think we have more good meat than we can eat, two 
 nine-pound catfish and a deer, but we will taka it along until we get 
 something better." They moved on down the river and found that 
 they had nooned at the upper end of the lower Narrows where the 
 bluffs set in two or three hundred feet high and the river bends 
 from bluff to bluff, and there is no possible way to get through, only 
 to cross the river at each bend, and here the river is one continuous 
 
REMINISCENCES 139 
 
 body of water, so when our party came to the first place where they 
 had to cross or turn back, they all dismounted to consult what to do, 
 and going down to the water's edge lo and behold a band of Indians 
 had crossed ahead of them, their mocassin tracks were plain in the 
 sand where they went into the river. Here Tom and George hesitated 
 about crossing, for forward the river looked much deeper than back- 
 wards, and we did not know but what the water was very deep. Jeff 
 said, "Boys, I never have turned back and am not going to this 
 time,if you will stay with me." They replied, "We come to stay, 
 and you bet we will." Jeff then instructed them to stay and guard 
 the horses while he waded the river, first remarking that the Indians 
 had crossed and he could cross also. After crossing he found that it 
 would not quite swim the pack mules. When he got to the other 
 shore he found the Indian tracks where they came out, which he in- 
 formed the boys. He then instructed them to stay where they were 
 and keep a sharp lookout while he went on down the river to ses if 
 they could get through. He cautiously wended his way some two 
 hundred yards down the river, when sudenly a quick crackling in a 
 thick bunch of bushes not more than twenty steps in his advance 
 made his hair stand up and nearly throw off his hat. In an instant 
 'lo had his gun ready for service, when a magnificent buck of the 
 bJacktail variety bounded up on a point of the mountain and turned 
 his side to him The temptation was too great, and in the twinkling 
 of an eye the gun was at his shoulder and he fired. The buck bounded 
 high, fell over and rolled down nearly to his feet. He called back, "All 
 right, boys, we have more meat." He quickly put another load in 
 his gun, drew his big hunting knife, that was made expressly for 
 him in San Antonio, at the commencement of the Civil War, and that 
 he had carried through all his scouts, and bled the buck as hunters 
 dt. 
 
 He then reasoned thus: "The Indians did not pass here todky 
 or that buck would not lie down so close to their trail. In fact, I 
 think he could smell their trail two or three days old, and it is .i 
 sure thing that he would not lie down where he could smell them." 
 
140 REMINISCENCES 
 
 Being thus ajsured by practice and experience he moved cheerfully on 
 to the next crossing of the river. 
 
 He waded here as at first crossing and found the Indian trail rjoing 
 "In and coming out as at the first crossing. Here the bluff receded from 
 the river on the Texas side and the calley opened to a beautiful level. 
 He returned and went back to where Tom and George were very 
 anxiously awaiting him. 
 
 He explained his discoveries and they were as eager and ready 
 to go forward as he was, so they mounted their horses and forded 
 the river and went on to where the big buck lay. They dismounted 
 and dressed the buck and prepared one of the pack mules, and lifted 
 him. on, head, homes and all, tied him firmly to the pack saddle, 
 mounted and went forward, crossing the river out on to Texas soil 
 and the beautiful level country and the change of scenery was so in- 
 spiring contrasted with the dismal and lonesome passage of the Lower 
 Narrows of the Rio Grande that Tom and George set up the Texas 
 yell of victory that reverbrated from bluff to bluff. 
 
 A short distance below the Narrows stands a large cotton wood 
 tree on the Texas side of the river and when our party reached the 
 tree, the place and all surroundings were too inviting for a camping 
 place for the night for Jeff to pass. His experienced eye took in the 
 situation at a glance so he said "Halt, this is too good to pass.'' As 
 Indian signs had been disagreeably in evidence all the afternoon the 
 experienced frontiersman, as he had been taught so to do utilized every 
 natural advantage that woud tend to ward off the surprise and sud- 
 den attack of the enemy in this connection. 
 
 It is due the reader to give a brief sketch or pen picture of this 
 almost perfect camp ground for defence. Standing under this grand, 
 old Cottonwood tree on the Texas bank looking north and south, a 
 deep, broad pool of water runs north and south. A perpendicular 
 bluff on the west or Mexican side, a high bank on the east until it 
 comes to within 100 yards of the tree, either way, north or south, 
 Here the bank is about five feet high and sets back some twenty 
 feet from the water almost level east from the top of the bank is 
 
REMINISCENCES 141 
 
 a beautiful level without rock or shrub but covered with best of 
 grass. Here our little party of three felt like they could stand off 
 every roving Indian on the Rio Grande. 
 
 After horses and mules were all attended to and we had gone 
 back to the tree we looked down the river to where the bank set 
 into the water about one hundred yards distance, and there sat a fine 
 wild goose. Tom said it would be cruel and almost a wanton waste 
 for me to shoot that goose, but I wanted to keep up my "rep" as 
 a fine shot, and I said, "Jeff, if you are willing I will shoot its head 
 off, at least thereby giving it a chance for its life." Jeff replied, 
 "Poor goose, I pity its chance." After which Tom raised his gun, took 
 deliberate aim and fired. The goose turned over on its back with its 
 head cut off as smooth as if with an axe. Jeff said, "Tom, if the 
 Indians do charge us I intend to give you the first shot, and see if 
 you can kill Indians like you can geese." 
 
 Tom said, "Good, I won't loose my 'rep'." 
 
 We moved everything over the bank to the nice little level that 
 extended to the water. Tom brought his goose and we skinned the 
 big buck, and oh, my ! He was fat ! We then set in to have a night's 
 feast such as no man ever had, and if we could have had a jug of 
 "0. B. Joyful" we would have had the ideal meal. But let me tell 
 you what we did have — we had roasted buck ribs as fine as mortal 
 man ever tasted, roasted goose, roasted cat fish, roasted bread a la 
 ranger style, Rio Grande water, strong coffee and health and West 
 Texas appetites, which is about the biggest thing that wild game 
 ever ran up against. A man may be poor in purse, but in Texas 
 he is rich in health, rich in hospitality, rich in patriotism, rich in 
 bravery, rich in honor and big rich in a broad and expansive appetite 
 for pretty women, red liquor and good eating, and as those three 
 were no exception to the general West Texan, they set in to have 
 a full night of it as far as their stock of good things of West 
 Texas was concerned. 
 
 The fire was completely hidden by the river bank, which was just 
 high enough for one to stand up straight and look over the 
 
142 REMINISCENCES 
 
 beautiful level where their horses grazed, while the other two kept 
 themselves busy feasting, barbecuing fat buck meat, baking bread 
 and fixing up generally for any emergency that might arise during 
 the furtherance of their journey, as the light of the fire shone plainly 
 on the water a tremendous fish would flounce and make the water 
 boil and whirl, no doubt he was attracted by the smell of the big 
 buck. Jeff said, "Boys, I am going to hook that fellow with my lit- 
 tle hook just to see how he feels on a long limber pole." 
 
 So suiting the action of the word, he cut a long willow pole, 
 fastened his little hook and line to it, put on a piece of the fried 
 meat and droped it into the water. The fish took it at once and 
 moved slowly off to the other shore. Jeff gave the pole a jerk, and it 
 hooked the fish like it hung in a log, but it steadily moved straight 
 forward and the line was not sufficient to raise his head or turn him 
 in the least, and broke. Jeff sat down and meditated a little; go'', up 
 and picked up the buck'e head, took it near the fire, drew his big 
 knife, and Tom said, "What are you going to do now?" He replied, 
 "I am going to cut off one of these horns, make me a fish hook and 
 catch that fish. The boys laughed, as a matter of course, but he said, 
 "We will see where the laugh comes in the morning." So he deliber- 
 ately hacked off one of the horns just below the lower prong, and 
 cut off the horn just above the next prong, went and hobbled his 
 horse and brought the stake rope and fastened it securely just below 
 where he had cut off the horn the second time, cut four or five 
 pounds of the meat and wrapped it around the horn, but left the 
 prong uncovered, fastened the bait securely around the horn with 
 a piece of his small line that was left to the pole, tied his rope to a 
 small willow sapling and threw out his bait, saying, "Boys, I will 
 show you how to catch big fish in emergencies." So the next morn- 
 ing Jeff's long experience on the frontier where necessity had to be 
 the mother of invention proved good for he had the big fish, and 
 when he drew him out George remarked: "I'll be d — d if that 
 ain't a whale or .the fish that swallowed Jonah, my name ain't 
 George Laird." 
 
REMINISCENCES 143 
 
 They now had fish enough to feed a regiment and could not use 
 a pound of it, so Jeff said, "It is a pity for the vultures to eat this 
 fish. I will take off my bridle bits and brand him and turn him 
 loose in this big water, and as the Indians have stolen many horses 
 and cattle from me should they catch him they will think I have a fish 
 brand as well as a horse and cattle brand/' So they branded him 
 thus [Heart-B] and H B and turned him loose. He swam a 
 few feet, turned down his head, threw up his tail and disappeared 
 beneath the Eio Grande waters. They extracted the hook, get- 
 ting the other piece of the line, and tied the two pieces togeth- 
 er, so the line was as good as ever, only for the knot. 
 
 As our little party of three had feasted as no other men had, 
 our horses were well rested up, and having plenty of good, barbecued 
 venison and enough bread baked to last thetn through any emergency 
 they mounted and turned their course for the once famous Hot 
 Springs, on the east side of the river. The old signs and trails 
 leading in to the springs indicated that the Indians held the virtues 
 of these springs as the people of old Biblical times held the Pool 
 of Siloam. 
 
 After resting and taking in the surroundings of the springs we 
 mounted our horses and rode up the river some two or three miles 
 Texas side. We rode straight up the valley east of the timber 
 and we came to a fresh trail of ten or fifteen horses going into 
 the river. We stopped, talked and hesitated a little but went straight 
 ahead for probably one mile when we came to another trail just like 
 the first; here we parlied much longer, but Jeff said that he would 
 like to go on and see the whole thing if we could. So we very hesi- 
 tatingly rode on, Jeff going some little distance in the lead. We had 
 gone but a little distance when Tom rode up to him and said, if we are 
 attacked and we are afmost sure to be, you are so big they are 
 sure to kill you." He laughingly replied, "Tom, I don^t know just 
 what I will do, but I tell you what I think I will do." They had 
 halted and George rode up. Jeff said, pointing to deep gully that high 
 water had washed out, "if we are attacked in such a place as this we 
 
144 REMINISCENCES 
 
 will drive the spurs to our horses and jump them in it, dismount and 
 win the fight. If we are attacked when we have no chance of cover, 
 I will jump off my horse and shoot him through the brain, you 
 and George jump off of your horses, let horses and mules go, and 
 we will all make breastworks of my dead horse and win the fight, 
 for we have got it to do to get back and report this country, and as 
 to their killing me, don't have any fear on that score, for they can't; 
 my guardian angel, or "still small voice" has always told me what, 
 and how to do, and I have always heeded its promptings." 
 
 The word promptings had hardly escaped from his lips when the 
 yell of a band of Indians echoed and re-echoed from bluff to blufl all 
 along the Rio Grande caused the hair on our heads to raise 
 straight up, and looking in the direction from which it came, ten 
 Indianh some three hundred yards distant were coming on us with 
 the speed of a hurricane. Jeff said, "Leave the mules, drive the 
 spurs to your horses and jump into that gulley." This was done 
 as quick as any mad or desperate leap was ever made by any man or 
 men. The mules were so frightened that they jumped in after, and 
 a clear voice rang out, "Jump off. George hold the horses." The 
 sudden disappearance of the little party caused the Indians to circle, 
 which gave the party time to prepare for action. Jeff said: "They 
 will come around within one hundred and fifty yards or two hundred 
 yards of us to draw our fire,- and get our exact location, so Tom, 
 as I promised to give you the first shot, I want you to make it 
 the best of your life, for on our first two shots depends defeat or 
 victory. When they come around to draw our fire I want you to 
 kill the lead Indian, and I will kill the next one, and George, yon hold 
 the horses, £nd don't shoot unless Tom and I fail to check them, and 
 they come right on to us. Then let loose the horses and shoot to kill.'' 
 By this time Tom's nerves seemed to be as unruffled as a May morn- 
 ing and a smile of determination, so plainly depicted on his coun- 
 tenance, such as the beholder could never forget. 
 
 The Indians circled and came around within one hundred and 
 fifty yards at full speed when "pop," "pop" went Tom's and Jeff'§ 
 
REMINISCENCES 145 
 
 guns, and the lead Indian fell back and his horse Junipcd from uiider 
 liim. The second one's horse bounded high over the fallen one just as 
 Jeff pulled the trigger, which brought him above the sight, and 
 llic ball killed his horse; the Indian struck the ground run- 
 runmg with the speed of a deer until he clutched his hand in the 
 mane of the fallen Indian's horse, bounded upon his back, and 
 tnen circled and rode at full speed to an elevation some half mile 
 distant and halted. They could be seen plainly by our little party, 
 but the high bank of the providential gully at the same time 
 iiid us from the Indians. The bottom of the gully was compara- 
 tively level, so Jeff said, "Lead your horses, the mules will follow. 
 We must take time by the forelock, and get out of here before they 
 get reinforcements and find where we are. We led our horses a 
 short distance down the gully where a small elevation hid the Indians, 
 and here we mounted our horses and Jeff said, "We will ride 
 for all our horses have got in them until we strike the foot hills, the 
 mules will follow; which they did, and for some ten miles we 
 dad some wild and daring riding, until they struck the foot hill, com- 
 ing on to a nice spot of grass and a nice, little round mound near 
 by. Jeff' said, "Halt ! We must rest and graze our horses a while 
 PcS they have done us noble and never to be forgotten service in the 
 last hour." 
 
 We did not unsaddle or unpack, but took the bits out of the 
 horses' mouths, so that they could eat grass without hindrance. We 
 had plenty of barbecued venison that had been prepared for this 
 or any other emergency, and were preparing to appease our 
 hunger, when we looked back from whence we came, and one, 
 two, three signal smokes shot up high above the muntains. 
 
 Jeff said : "See there, boys ; there are three parties of them, and 
 they are signaling to get together and surround us in that gully. 
 I will take me a hunk of meat and bread and go up on that little hill 
 and watch, while you watch the horses." This was done for one hour, 
 when we mounted and struck out for Carizo Pass station, via Eagle 
 Springs. We reached the springs late in the evening, watered our 
 
 10 
 
146 REMINISCENCES 
 
 almost famished horses, filled our canteens and iDoved on to find 
 a suitable place to camp after dark in case the Indians should follow 
 us. We found a suitable place to camp, ate a hearty lunch, 
 spread down our blankets and slept as soundly a? though nothing 
 unusual had happened during the day. The next morning they 
 awoke rather late, but were fully refreshed and as gay as larks. 
 Carizo Pass station plain in view, we made a pot of Western 
 strong coffee, and with barbecued buck and that same old appetite, 
 had an enjoyable breakfast, after which we packed up and 
 went on to the station, our heads set homeward. We reached the 
 station and prepared to board the first eastbound train, not for- 
 getting to return the lady her little fish hook, with many thanks, 
 saying, "Madam, you ought to keep that hook and line for a show, 
 for it caught a catfish that would weigh over one hundred pounds," 
 which was the truth, but it did not pull him out. 
 
 The train came and everything was loaded, and our little party, 
 as the train pulled out, took their seats to quietly think over their 
 trip on the Eio Grande. After some little time Tom and George 
 said : "Jeff, we don't know whether to tell that fish story or not. To 
 a heap of people it will look mighty fishy." He said: "Yes, but 
 nevertheless it is a fact that all experienced fishermen who have 
 caught big catfish know that often a hook is set out and a small 
 catfish twelve or fifteen inches long gets fast on the hook, and a big 
 catfish comes- along and swallows the little one, and the fisherman 
 gets them both; and the hook never sticks in the big fish's mouth. 
 The lack of experience will make the story fishy, that's all." 
 
 In due time we reached Baird and called on Mr. Clebe Merchant 
 and made an unfavorable report on the glowing prospects of the last 
 big ranch that might be obtained on Texas and Mexico soil jointly. 
 
 The report was that the river did not run continuously only for 
 a few months in the year, but stood in pools; that the cattle would 
 cross over and stray back for miles into Mexico, where they would 
 be an easy prey to the Mexican and other cattle thieves in general^ 
 and that the drain on the herds would be greater than the increase. 
 
REMINISCENCES 147 
 
 So the brilliant hopes of the big cattle ranch of T. B. Hardley and 
 Clabe Merchant on the Rio Grande was abandoned in proof that 
 their judgment was good. 
 
 Some time afterwards a young man, full of life, vigor and" enter- 
 prise, discovered the location of the big cottonwood tree that has'' 
 been described in this recital. He married him a noble, pretty wife, 
 full of hope, courage and devotion. They loaded their effects, with 
 lumber fixtures and a mechanic to build them a house, and a boat 
 to ride upon the waters of this big pool. Here they located under 
 this big cottonwood tree, built them a house, and were monarchs 
 of all they surveyed for a time, until a band of murderers came upon 
 them and murdered them, cutting off her fair and beautiful head 
 with an axe, robbing the house of such things as they wanted, loaded 
 them into their boat, landed the boat over on the Mexican shore, and 
 have never been heard of since. 
 
 Later, Sam Cutbirth and the McWhorter Brothers, Winfield Scott 
 and others moved their herds to that section, and the drain on their 
 herds, as our little party wisely predicted, was so great that their 
 ranches were abandoned. 
 
148 A LETTER 
 
 A Letter From Capt. Maltby. 
 
 Admiral, Texas, Dec. 17, 1904. 
 
 Mr. N. C. Biawcom, Sweetwater, Texas: My Dear Sir — As 
 this is my birthday, at which I arrive at my seventy-fifth 
 mile-post on life's journey, and as it was your lot to be 
 in the right place at the proper time to render me valuable 
 service, as may yet be demonstrated in the near future. Your 
 letter of recent date earnestly asking a brief statement of my long 
 residence on the frontier of Texas, my scouting and trailing of In- 
 dians, with the personal knowledge of the losses of cattle and horses 
 by the Comanche and Kiowa tribes of Indians, and not recovered by 
 their rightful owners, received. Up to the present time I have 
 strenuously refused to make such a statement as I now am going 
 to make to you. My reasons for not wishing to convey the infor- 
 mation are on account of my advanced age and enfeebled condition, 
 and, in fact, not having the courage or disposition to charge for my 
 time in going long distances to give testimony in the cases of losses 
 by Indian depredations. My time, age, aches and pains are about 
 all that I have left. Added to these, an invalid family makes up 
 the sum total of my heritage, after spending my youth, strength, 
 vigor and manhood in defense, both of our National and State 
 <jrOvernments. 
 
 My life and career as a frontiersman of Texas dates back to 1850, 
 
A LETTER 149 
 
 and extends over the period of time that dates down to 1874, both 
 dates inclusive — that is to say, that I commenced an active frontier 
 life early in 1850 and closed my activities with the ending of the 
 year 1874. I believe I commanded either State Rangers or minute 
 men during as a great a period as any man living at the present, 
 or perhaps, as ever did live in Texas. I believe that I made as 
 many scouts and followed as many Indian trails as any man that 
 is living on the frontier at the present time or in the past within 
 the memory of man. 
 
 In the year of 1850 I was employed by the United States Gov- 
 ernment in locating, building and hauling supplies to many of the 
 Government posts, or forts, namely. Fort Worth, in Tarrant county i 
 Fort Belknap, in Young county; Fort Phantom Hill, in Jones 
 county ; Fort Mason, in Mason county ; Fort Clark, in Kinney county ; 
 Camp Colorado, in Coleman county, and also Fort Concho, in Tom 
 Green county, the latter fort being established in 1867. I worked 
 in the different capacities of teamster, wagon-master, carpenter, 
 scout, dispatcher, and, like David Copperfield, "doer of odd jobs." 
 
 In June, 1858, I got married and settled in Burnet county, and 
 engaged in stock raising. In July of that year the settlers in that 
 section of country were called upon to meet at Dr. Wilson Barton^s? 
 ranch for the purpose of organizing for protection against the raidb 
 of murderous redskins, at that time wards of the National Govern- 
 ment. The meeting was fairly well attended, and a company of 
 minute men was organized and the work of trying to protect the 
 women, children and our property was instituted. I was elected as 
 one of the officers of this company, and we made monthly scouts dur- 
 ing the year of 1858, and the organization was maintained until the 
 fall of 1859. In the sp'-ing of 1861 the Indians began making 
 monthly raids on the frontier, particularly in Burnet county, and 
 especially in our immediate neighborhood, and it began to look as 
 though they would steal all the work stock as well as other horses 
 in the county. One of our neighbors, Walford Johnson, came and 
 asked me to assist in getting every man living within a reasonable 
 
150 A LETTER 
 
 distance of our honnes to meet at the place of Benjamin Owens, a 
 wealthy old bachelor, for the purpose of organizing another minute 
 company as the only means of protection. At that time a great many 
 men had volunteered and gone into the Confederate service, but the 
 call was promptly responded to, and at the appointed place and on 
 the designated date every man in that section, old or young, ministera 
 of the gospel and Loys under the age required for military duty at- 
 tended and were enlisted in a regularly organized military company 
 The men who were too old to scout were assigned the task of sup- 
 plying the sinews of war, such as money, provisions, animals, guns, 
 ammunition and other things necessary to carry out the plans and 
 designs of a well-equipped organization; and all boys old enough 
 to ride and shoot were required to scout the country and notify the 
 eomnijand of any Indians seen or freshly-made Indian trails discov- 
 ered. The command of this company was forced upon me because 
 01 my years of experience and long service with the United States 
 Government. The company was not organized any too soon, for it 
 was but a few days later when the Indians came into that neighbor- 
 hood and stole all the work and saddle horses that were in the lots 
 and stables, and before we could follow them we had to go on the 
 range and get horses to ride. This delay left us b^^t little chance to 
 catch them, but as we wanted to learn the trails they traveled, -we 
 followed them about ninety miles to a crossing on the San Saba river, 
 and learned from the people in that section that in 1859 the Indians 
 had driven thirteen herds of cattle and horses across the river at 
 that point. 
 
 We returned from this trip, having accomplished nothing more 
 than to obtain the information in regard to the route they had trav- 
 eled. On the next light of the moon the Indians made another raid 
 into the same neighborhood and killed Walford Johnson, the man who 
 had assisted me in getting up the company. They had also murdered 
 Mrs. Johnson and her little daughter, about four or five years old. 
 This murder was committed on Dog branch, about one mile from 
 my home, and at the same place from where the Indians afterwards 
 
A LETTER 151 
 
 drove off about three hundred head of my cattle and sixteen head of 
 stock horses and one stallion. I got the news of the killing of the 
 Johnson family late in the evening of the day on which it occurred. 
 I had been riding very hard all day, gathering my horses to drive them 
 to Caldwell county, south of Austin, hoping in this way to save 
 at least a few of them. I reached home about sundown, and had just 
 eaten my supper when my first lieutenant, John Owens, rode up and 
 informed me of the killing of the Johnson family. I had just put 
 my horses in a pasture, for which the Indians were doubtless headed, 
 but before reaching it they met and brutally murdered Johnson and 
 his family, and by this incident saved to me my horses. John Owens, 
 Alex Burton and myself rode all night getting the company together, 
 and early the next morning had collected thirty men, old and young, 
 after which I was one of the first to reach the tragic spot. We heard 
 a noise in a thicket, and on investigating found Mrs. Johnson's one- 
 year-old baby boy with an arrow shot through his arm. The little 
 fellow had certainly suffered inexpressible agony, lying there for 
 hours wounded, fevered, thirsty, without nourishment or a particle of 
 liuman attention; but even the wild animals prowling the forests of 
 that desolate, rugged, mountainous country had been more merciful 
 than the redskin demons, and had satiated their hunger with other 
 prey than a wounded babe, crying in the dark for a dead mother. 
 When attacked, Mrs. Johnson had doubtless run her horse near a 
 dogwood thicket in which the child was found, and with a ^mother's 
 love, last kiss and farewell prayer, had thrown her child into the 
 brush. 
 
 When we assembled my horse was completely exhausted, for T 
 had ridden him fully eighty miles in the last twenty-four hours, 
 and nothing but a Texas horse of the best mettle could have stood 
 the ordeal. An old gentleman by the name of Baker, who was too 
 old to scout, offered me the use of his horse. His offer was gladly 
 accepted, our saddles were changed and, mounting the fresh horse, 
 I called for all who could ride ninety miles without resting to 
 follow me. Fifteen of the thirty men volunteered, and as news had 
 
152 A LETTER 
 
 been brought to me that the Indians had been seen that morning 
 traveling in a northwesterly direction, the direction in which they 
 had always left our community, I naturally concluded that they would 
 cross the San Saba river at their old and well-known crossing place, 
 and to that point I took the nearest and most direct route, not trying 
 to follow their trail, but anticipating that we could beat them to the 
 crossing and there lie in wait for them; but my calculations were 
 wrong and our efforts came to naught. After going to the north 
 line of Burnet county the Indians had turned back to the south 
 line of that county, and thence northwest through Llano county, 
 where they killed two men who were plowing in a field. They then 
 went west and crossed the San Saba river about six miles above their 
 usual crossing place, and at a place where they had never before been 
 known to cross, and this was four days after we had reached the river 
 at the point where we expected to trap them. And in this connection 
 permit, me to say that, after my many years of experience, from 1850 
 to 1874, and many sad disappointments in trying to out-general the 
 Indians, that if God or a special providence ever protected any race 
 or races of people, it certainly was the Comanche and Kiowa Indians 
 I could enumerate numerous instances in substantiation of this con- 
 clusion, but suffice it to ask what human intellect or animal instinct 
 could have so accurately divined the designs of the white men and 
 enabled the Indian to thwart every plan laid for his capture, and 
 to only bring on an engagement when all was in his favor. Even 
 a handful of them, confined on a reservation, and presumably un- 
 armed, could defy the world^s greatest Government, break away from 
 all restraint, going into a virtually defenseless country, murdering, 
 plundering, robbing and terrorizing fearless men, escaping vengeance 
 and returning at leisure to their reservations. 
 
 In the year 1867, G. C. Arnett and myself went on a cow hunt, 
 and established our first camp near old Uncle Jimmy Boyce's, who 
 had good stock pens, and was then living on the North San Gabriel, 
 in the northern portion of Burnet county. In our party there were 
 the following resident citizens: E. P. Boyce, William Skaggs, Mar- 
 
A LETTER 153 
 
 CHS Skaggs, Millard Moreland, Thomas Wolf, James Sims, S. S. 
 Johnston and Josiah C. Bawcom. I acted as cook, but always on 
 cow hunts of this kind in that section of the country I took with me 
 my saddle, a good saddle horse and the best firearms I had, as did 
 all the other members of our party, as we were liable to meet hostile 
 Comanche or Kiowa Indians at any time, these being the only hos- 
 tile Indians that ever came into our section of country in-so-far as 
 my personal knowledge extends. 
 
 These were the most trying times that I ever experienced in fron- 
 tier life. People may talk of times that tried men's souls, but if men 
 were ever put to a more crucial test than were the frontiersmen of 
 Texas, I cannot comprehend by what miraculous agency they stood 
 the ordeal. At that time no man's life was safe, and he knew not 
 at what hour his family or friends might be murdered, tortured or, 
 even worse than either, taken captives, by the Indians. It was simply 
 one long, dreadful vigil, fear and apprehension. Had it been so that 
 the citizens could have followed the Indians to the utmost confines 
 of the United States and inflicted upon them deserved and effective 
 punishment, it would have taken but a reasonable length of time to 
 dispose of the Indian question, but such was not the case. They 
 would slip away from the reservations, do their murdering and steal- 
 ing, and unless overtaken within a few hours they would have a suffi- 
 cient start and advantage to reach the reservation from whence they 
 came and there be safe from molestation by the outraged citizens and 
 immune from punishment by the Government, for the citizen could 
 go no further than the resrvation, and after doing his devilment tht 
 Indian made it a special point to get there first, and of course there 
 was no way for the Governrnjent or injured citizens to identify any 
 particular Indians as the guilty parties; hence no punishment could 
 bo legally inflicted. 
 
 The next morning after establishing our camp, G. C. Arnett, Joe 
 Bawcom, William Skaggs, E. P. Boyce and S. S. Johnson went west 
 to a place on Morgan's creek where there were some big cedar brakes 
 and glades covered with good green grass, and here horses and 
 
154 A LETTER 
 
 cattle were nearly always found grazing, and it was one of the worst 
 Indian haunts in that entire section of country. As Arnett and his 
 men advanced cautiously around a cedar-covered point, they discov- 
 ered a party of Indians not far from them. The Indians were lead- 
 ing several horses, and one of them was riding a splendid pony, 
 which the men readily recognized as my property, a kind of pet which 
 r called Belle. Arnett and his party did not feel safe in attacking the 
 Indians, hut made a dash for camp and arrived late in the evening, 
 their horses almost exhausted. We immediately began mlaking prep- 
 arations to start after the Indians early the next morning, which w(3 
 did, leaving Mr. Sims in charge of the camp, while I was placed in 
 command of the squad. On reaching the place where the Indians 
 had been seen the day before we discovered that they had evidently 
 been frightened themselves, as their trail showed that for a distance 
 of ten or fifteen miles they had ridden as fast as possible, leading 
 several horses. 
 
 The trail led north up to and along the east line of San Saba 
 county; then it turned east to the north part of Plamilton county. 
 Along the trail we frequently saw signs where they had roped horses. 
 In fact, they had captured every horse along the line of their retreat, 
 and every one of them was leading about two horses. Near the north 
 line of Hamilton county the Indian trail intercepted and followed a 
 large cattle trail. We followed this trail only a few miles further 
 and found that another Indian trail came into the cattle trail, the 
 last Indians coming from the East, and this squad seemed to have 
 been about equal in numbers to the squad we were following; and 
 they had also been leading a considerable number of horses, a fact 
 which we determined because the horses were travling three in a 
 bunch, showing that one horse was being ridden and two others led. 
 We also found along the big trail where they had killed three or four 
 young beeves. 
 
 From all indications, the Indians would have easily outnumbered 
 us five to one, and, besides, they had plenty of good, fresh horses 
 and several hours the start, while our horses were tired out. So we 
 
A LETTER 155 
 
 held a consultation and decided that it would be foolish to continue 
 the pursuit any further, as the prospects were that we could not over- 
 take the Indians, and the probabilities were that we would get the 
 worst of an encounter with them should one take place. We then 
 went west to the San Saba river, and then down the Colorado river, 
 through the cedar brakes of Morgan^s creek, to where we first strucK 
 the trail, and then back to our camp, where we found Mr. Sims, wJio 
 had carefully attended to everything during our absence. We then 
 resumed the work of gathering cattle pending another redskin dis- 
 turbance from some Indian reservation. 
 
 I will say that it was a notorious fact that the people of Hamil- 
 ton county lost a great many horses and cattle about this time. W^e 
 did not learn who lost the big herd, the trail of which we struck in 
 the northern part of Hamilton county, as we neither saw horses nor 
 n)en along the route we traveled; but I afterwards learned that the 
 principal losers were James Carter, "Big Bill" Keith md Solomon 
 Barron, and others whose names I do not now recn'l, as that was so 
 many years ago. 
 
 As to parties who lost horses and cattle, and who have good and 
 just claims, I cannot remember all of them at this time, but will 
 enumerate the following, all of whom I think can, or at least .should, 
 recover : 
 
 The Northington family of Lampasas county ; John Hinton of 
 Llano county; Ewin Lacy's widow, of Burnet county, and Joe Baw- 
 com, of McCuloch county. 
 
 But, in conclusion, I certainly know, but cannot prove positively, 
 the identity of the tribes of Indians that committed the depre- 
 dations in all of the counties from Kinney on the west to Tarrant 
 on the east, and north and south across the State from 1850 to 1874. 
 These depredations were committed, encouraged or guided by the In- 
 dians held, fed and protected by the United States Government, and 
 known as Penatocas, or Southern Comanches, and only differing from 
 the Northern Comanc'hes in complexion, stature and general make-up, 
 as the white men of the North differ from the white men of the 
 
156 A LETTER 
 
 South. I have at different times been on the reservations of the Pen- 
 atocas, have been in camp with two thousand of the Northern Co- 
 man(?hes, have seen many Indians pursued and killed while making 
 their raids on the unprotected frontier, and all that I have seen I 
 unequivocally pronounce as wards of the Government, even their 
 trappings and fixtures fully verifying this conclusion, for I have 
 observed closely and have arrived at this conclusion impartially and 
 because facts would warrant no other conclusion in the matter. 
 
 There were many who lost both cattle and horses in the big raid 
 on the San Saba river. Some of these parties lost very heavily. As 
 to small losses, I could name very many of them, the owners of which 
 are justly entitled to recover for their property; but the long lapse 
 of time and the disappearance of witnesses, by death and otherwise, 
 added to the necessary delay of the courts, makes a small claim ut- 
 terly worthless. As to your question about attorneys in this clasf^ 
 of cases, I would recommend Col. I. R. Hitt and Wm. H. Eobeson, 
 Bond Building, Washington, D. C, as they are perfectly reliable and 
 possess extraordinary ability. In your letter you ask the question 
 positvely, if I am personally knowing of any big bands of Indians 
 that came down on the frontier people, and, if so, what counties did 
 they raid? My answer is, Yes; the Indians that I, G. C. Arnett, Joe 
 Bawcom and others followed out of Burnet county into Hamilton 
 county were a part of a big band of Indians, as the trail proved to 
 concentrate with other trails and made a very large trail. 
 
 A band of one hundred or more went, all in a body, into Coleman 
 county. 
 
 The big raid on the San Saba must have contained several hun- 
 dred Indians, as they swept the range of all stock in their track. 
 
 The last raid in 1874, in Coleman county, where I struck with my 
 company of State Rangers and completely routed them, horse and 
 footj each division in detail, after they had formed in several divi- 
 sions for the purpose of stealing horses, when they came together 
 to spread over a large section of country and drive everything in the 
 way of cattle and horses. To show how completely I and my com- 
 
A LETTER 157 
 
 pany defeated their hellish purposes and schemes of murder and rob- 
 bery, they were completely whipped, discouraged and left the country 
 without getting a single hoof of cattle or horses, only what they 
 killed and ate, and from that time down to the present date they 
 have never returned. 
 
 For your satisfaction and pleasure, whom I hold in the highest 
 esteem, I would go into the details of this subject more fully and 
 write an account of all the horrors it has been my misfortune to wit- 
 ness during my long frontier life were my physical ability such as 
 would permit of the labor. I have not told one-half of the incidents 
 of horrors and outrages that I have personally witnessed and ex- 
 perienced. 
 
 Fraternally yours, W. J. Maltby. 
 
(book iii3 
 
Newspaper Extracts. 
 
 Extract from the Southern Mercury, Dallas, Texas, of October 
 31, 1903: 
 
 The county exhibits were all good. Taylor county carried off the 
 blue ribbon. In Callahan county, though there was the finest in- 
 dividual exhibits to be seen, the vegetables of this collection far ex- 
 celled in size those shown in other counties. The exhibition here of 
 Mr. W. J. Maltby, is an illustration of what has been, and what can 
 be accomplished within a few short years. This enterprising gentle- 
 man had on exhibition all grains, every species of fruit (and I believe 
 about as many vegetables), that were exhibited at this fair. The 
 vegetables he had on exhibition far exceeded in size those seen else- 
 where, as one can jndge by the following: One roasting ear (perhaps 
 the largest ever grown) measured 4 inches in diameter, 12 inches 
 in circumference, and the length of a large Mason jar, after two or 
 three inches had been cut off. A "Mammoth Chile" squash, weighed 
 103 pounds. Mr. Maltby informed me these were grown principally 
 for stock, on account of the immensity of size, though they were as nice 
 for table use as the ordinary pumpkin. Then he had the William 
 Henry Mall Price prize-taker (I am not certain if this is correct) 
 onion, grown from seed sown in February, that attained a size of 
 something a little less than two pounds. Two "Golden Queen" 
 pepper pods took the blue ribbon at Abilene Fair, as did also his 
 
160 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 ochra. The pods were as large as a quince or a pear. He had the 
 best flavored sun dried fruit, apples, peaches, Mission grapes and 
 tomatoes, too, were sun dried. These Mission grapes are indigenous 
 to Mexico, where they have been growing for hundreds of years. Mr. 
 Maltby went to Mexico for them, says they do well in his country. 
 Dried, they are nearly as good as the California raisin. 
 
 Dried tomatoes were something new to me; the flavcr was good, 
 and one need never be at a loss in winter time to know how to make 
 good soup. The yellow preserve tomato about the size of a walnut 
 was the kind seen. I asked him in regard to his almond crop, seeing 
 some. The yield is uncertain, or has proven so with him thus far, 
 though as his trees get older he hopes for better results; says it is 
 a lovely tree. In this same collection was to be found sugar made 
 of sorghum, and as far as I was capable of judging, it compared very 
 favorably with that used in her family that sells nine pounds to the 
 dollar. Syrup made of the sorghum was a bright golden color. I 
 was tempted to taste it, but had tasted so much I doubted my ability 
 to pass judgment. There 'were thirty-four varieties of wood on ex- 
 hibition, thirty-three of which were grown by the exhibitor. The 
 one not his was a pecan. Now, readers, this has all been accomplished 
 in the miraculously short time of twelve years by Mr. Maltby, and in 
 justice to him, and myself as well, I will say that Mr. M. has possessed 
 advantages over us. He has availed himself of travel, and has no 
 doubt profited by the experience of observation, while we, less for> 
 tiinate, have to experiment for ourselves and let "chill penury repress 
 our noble rage" in trying to emulate the example of our more suc- 
 cessful neighbor. "Star."^ 
 
 Baird Star, Baird, Texas, March 16, 1905 : 
 
 Editor Star: To give Mrs. Joel Nabers a more correct account 
 of the location of the historical government post of Phantom Hill, 
 and to refresh the memory of Mr. Jesse Johnson, Sr., in Comanche 
 Chief, I herewith give you the facts in detail as near as the memory 
 of man can narrate after the lapse of fifty-five years; and m t^.i>5 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 161 
 
 connection will give yonr many readers the dates of the location 
 of most of the government posts in Texas, by whom located, etc., as a 
 matter of history that should be of interest to the many who have 
 enjoyed the blessings that have followed their location. 
 
 From 1844 to 1852 General Arbnckle, of the United States army, 
 was in command of the western part of Arkansas, the Indian Na- 
 tions, with their five tribes, and the northern part of Texas, with his 
 headquarters at Fort Smith, Ark. After the close of the Mexican 
 war of 1846-7, the United States was responsible for tli^ protection 
 of Texas, with a frontier on the north on the 32nd parallel running 
 from Red river to the Rio Grande, a distance of six or seven hundred 
 miles. This country was roamed over and depredated upon by all the 
 different hostile bands of Indians, and from El Paso on the west 
 to Corpus Christi on the south, a like distance of seven hundred miles, 
 there was exposure to the depredations of marauding bands of Mexi- 
 cans that infested the borders all along the Rio Grande. 
 
 So our Uncle Samuel had fifteen hundred miles of much exposed 
 frontier to guard, and the only way to do it was to build a line 
 of posts from east to west and north to south, with many inter- 
 mediate posts near the settlements to guard the settlers and their 
 property. General Twiggs was placed in command of the west 
 or Rio Grande division, with headquarters at San Antonio, and ordered 
 
 . the building of the following posts, to-wit : Fort Bliss, El Paso ; Fort 
 Leaton. Presidio Del Norte; Fort Duncan, Eagle Pass; Fort Mc- 
 intosh, Laredo; Fort Brown, Brownsville. 
 
 As it will be only necessary to mention one of these named posts 
 and Robert E. Lee's connection with it, we go back and take up the 
 thread of our narrative in the location of Phantom Hill and what 
 
 [ led up to it. 
 
 In 1849 General Arbuckle orc^^ered the fitting out of an ex- 
 pedition of one company of United States infantry. Captain Mar- 
 cellus French to command, Lieutenant Myers to act as quartermaster, 
 with one hundred ox and mule teams, carpenters, sappers and miners, 
 and everything necessary to build and maintain a government post 
 
162 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 in the Creek Nation, somewhere near the Canadian river. I em- 
 ployed myself to the then acting quartermaster at Fort Smith, Captain 
 Montgomery by name and rank. He kept me in his office while the 
 expedition was fitting out to carry orders and purchase what the de- 
 partment did not have in stock, and when the expedition started T 
 was sent along as a supernumerary to do anything, or to work in 
 such harness as the quartermaster might throw on me. 
 
 The progress of the expedition was rather slow as we had to 
 make the road as we went. When we had got say seventy-five miles 
 from Fort Smith and had to stop to build a road over a creek 
 with high banks, one of the men was taken sick and on the third 
 day developed a full case of the smallpox of a malignant type. Here 
 was consternation of the worst form, and the only thing that could 
 be done for the government doctor to order every man up to his 
 tent and vaccinate as fast as possible. The sick man died and no 
 one else of the entire party took the disease. Considering this in 
 all its bearings, it was Providential. 
 
 The expedition moved on to its objective point, and Fort Ar- 
 buckle, N'o. 1, was located and built. When built it looked morv? 
 like an old-fashioned nigger's quarter than a government post, for there 
 was nothing to be had but the native timber as it stood in the forest. 
 
 Late in the fall Captain French discovered a better location for 
 a post, some eighteen miles south at a big spring near the Washita 
 river, in the Chickasaw Nation. So Fort Arbuckle, No. 1, was given 
 to Black Beaver, chief of the Delaware tribe of Indians for his head- 
 quarters, and the troops were moved to the Big Wild Horse Spring 
 in the Chickasaw Nation, and Fort Arbuckle, No. 2, built, where 
 it has stood as a government post ever since. 
 
 A big government ox train loaded with supplies arrived about 
 the first of November. I went back to Fort Smith with it and 
 reached there the last of the month. A cabin was built in the Porto 
 river bottom, a big canebrake, and the oxen were moved to it. I 
 was put in charge with a few of the teamsters to herd the oxen, 
 preparatory to the location of two government posts on or about the 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 163 
 
 3:^nd parallel in Texas, which posts were named Belknap and Phantom 
 Hill, respectively. 
 
 So in the spring of 1850 a train of lOt) or 150 ox and six-mule 
 teams was fitted out at Fort Smith, with several companies of the 
 Fifth Infantry, and ordered forward to locate the above posts. When 
 the expedition reached old Fort Washington in the Choctaw Nation, 
 near the line Texas, Lieutenant Bliss was ordered to take some men 
 and teams and go to Shreveport, La., after some ordnance stores 
 etc., with instructions to travel back on the west side of Red river 
 until he struck the road made by the command which was to cross 
 Red river at Coffey^s Bend at a little town called Preston, and es- 
 tablish a quartermaster's store there, with Major George W. Wood as 
 quartermaster. 
 
 I was sent with Lieutenant Bliss to Shreveport, at which place I 
 was promoted to engineer. With six fine gray government mules and 
 a six-pound brass cannon I was to head the expedition the balance 
 of the trip. To say that I was proud of my promotion would be 
 expressing it very mildly. 
 
 In the country through which we traveled the settlements were 
 few and far between, but coming to a nice farm house where every- 
 thing betokened some refinement, Lieutenant Bliss ordered me to 
 halt while he dismounted and went in. He presently reappeared with 
 a nice old lady and, oh, my! two beautiful daughters, for us boys 
 to feast our eyes upon, which was a treat indeed, for we had been 
 away from home and society until the pretty girls looked to us like 
 angels. The old lady was much excited over the cannon, and inquired 
 of the Lieutenant if it was the kind of gun that Captain Taylor had in 
 Mexico. The Lieutenant smilingly replied, "Yes, madam, this is 
 one of the little things General Taylor ha(J for toys when he played 
 with the Mexicans." 
 
 Lieutenant Bliss struck the road made by the command in Gray- 
 son County west of Preston and followed it, overtaking the com- 
 mand where it had halted and located Fort Belknap, Post No.l. Here 
 a rest of some time was taken to recruit the teams for the onward 
 
164 NEWRPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 march to locate Post No. 2. So I will say that about the 15th of 
 December the order was given to load, hitch up and march, and my 
 recollection is, with one company of the Fifth Infantry, Major Thomas 
 as the commanding officer, Black Beaver, chief of the Delaware 
 Indians, as guide, and 100 mule and ox teams to haul camp equippage 
 and supplies. The expedition moved forward on Captain Marcy's 
 Santa Fe trail, which led west on the north side of the Clear Fork 
 of the Brazos. 
 
 The third night after leaving Fort Belknap we camped in a beau- 
 tiful basin surrounded by mountains, an ideal camp ground, and as 
 we had to depend entirely on grass for forage, the mules were tied 
 to the wagons until 2 o'clock in the morning and then turned loose to 
 graze, with men to herd till daylight. 
 
 This was my morning to go on herd. My mess consisted of three, 
 myself and two others. About four o'clock my mess called me to 
 breakfast. I had no appetite that morning Avhich was unusual for 
 me, as I was known as a good feeder. When day began to break 
 orders sounded to drive up and hitch up, at which time the aged 
 chief. Black Beaver, with his experience of West Texas, went to Major 
 Thomas and told him that he had better stay at that ideal camp 
 ground, as there was a fearful "Norther" approaching, to which 
 Major Thomas turned a deaf ear, as he had a fine closed hack and 
 a fine pair of black horses to draw it. By good daylight Major 
 Thomas, guide and soldiers had taken the old Marcy trail and gone, 
 giving the quartermaster notice when he was to leave. It was the 
 supposition that the Major's hack tracks would plainly mark the way ; 
 but, alas! the supposition proved wrong; for a few moments after the 
 quartermaster left camp, myself with the cannon, the caisson and 
 the major's baggage wagon following close up to him, the storm broke 
 upon us with all its fury; and when the quartermaster reached the 
 place where he thought he had been directed to turn off from the 
 Marcy trail and travel in a westerly direction he turned off, but 
 could not find any marks of the Major's hack tracks. 
 
 I followed close up to the quartermaster with the caisson and the 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 165 
 
 Major's baggage wagon close up to me. When the quartermaster 
 found himself, the storm had drifted him some three miles south 
 of the trail to a big canyon that we could not cross. There was but 
 one way out of this distressing dilemma, and that was to turn back 
 and face the storm of sleet and hail, that seemed to strike us with 
 as much force as if shot out of a cannon. 
 
 By a superhuman effort the quartermaster drove the spurs into 
 his horse and held him to the wagon tracks that we had made, which 
 brought us back to where we had left the old trail. It required all 
 the energy that we drivers could put forth to run along by the side 
 of our. teams and force them against the storm, which struck them 
 and us full in the face. 
 
 When we had got back to where we had left the trail the quarter- 
 master said, "Boys, for God sake, try to make a fire, for I believe 
 we shall all freeze to death." And then the language he used about 
 his commanding officer for not leaving a guide to direct him, would 
 not do to put in print. There was an ax in the Major^s baggage 
 wagon and some dry material. John White, the driver, got them 
 out, and as there was plenty of dry mesquite trees at the spot, I. took 
 the ax and went to splitting up wood with a will, urged on by ne- 
 cessity. The two other drivers kindled a fire, and in a short time we 
 had a life-giving blaze. The drivers brought up their wagons, 
 jumped off their saddle mules and hovered over the fire. 
 
 During this time the quartermaster had never stopped his mad 
 ride in search of the Major's hack tracks. I heard a halloa. I 
 threw down the ax. My team was nearby, standing all huddled up, 
 freezing to death. I grabbed my lines and whip and forced them 
 to their utmost, running along side of them, and soon overtook 
 the quartermaster and kept up with him on a run until we reached 
 Camp Necessity. 
 
 And why Necessity? 
 
 The Major's fine horses stopped and refused to go any further, 
 and he had to stop just where he was ; and when he was asked why he 
 had camped in such a place he replied, "It was a military necessity." 
 
166 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 CouLl he have forced his horse a few miles further, the quarter- 
 master and several more men and mules would have fallen victims 
 to hi? rashness in not heeding the advice of the old Indian. 
 
 The soldiers had managed to have good fires. When we reached 
 them the quartermaster was frozen so that he could not dismount 
 and had to be lifted from his horse and carried to the fire. The 
 doctor administered brandy to him and had him rubbed, and his 
 life was saved; but to this day I cannot see how any man could 
 live in the saddle and cover as many miles as he did on that never- 
 to-be-forgotten day. 
 
 Some one or two hours later the wagons began to come into camp 
 until twenty or thirty came in; and as the wagonmaster was still 
 back and no one to give orders what to do with the mules, the drivers 
 unharnessed and let them go as they pleased. Late in the day some 
 of the teamsters brought in their teams and left their wagons on the 
 way; and many that had their blankets in the wagons turned their 
 mules loose, got into their wagons, covered up heads and ears and 
 remained so until we went back the next day and halloaed them up. 
 As the mules had been turned loose as they came into camp, they 
 drifted away with the storm. As there was no wagonmaster to give 
 orders, I asked one of the teamsters by the name of Bill Stevens, a 
 very powerful young man, to go with me and see if we could not 
 drive them back. He said yes, and we struck out to herd the mules 
 back. We got off some three miles from camp, running and working, 
 but could not do anything with them, so we had to give them up, 
 and started back to camp, as we supposed. We had not gone far after 
 leaving the mules, when, to our good luck, we met Black Beaver, the 
 guide. He said, "Halloa, Beaver, where are you going?" He said 
 ho was going to camp. We said, "Oh, no, Beaver, that ain't the way 
 to camp," which seemed to nettle him — for us to presume to question 
 him in direction and he the guide. He replied, "You go that way, 
 me go this way," and made off and didn't look back. We consulted a 
 few moments, and thought it best to follow Beaver, which saved our 
 lives, for we were surely lost and could not have survived through 
 the night. 
 
NEWSHAPER EXTRACTS 167 
 
 About the time myself and Stevens got back to camp three or 
 four of the teamsters came in, bringing their saddle-mules, having 
 turned the rest loose, and had left their wagons. They reported 
 that James Morehead, who had started with them^ had not come up 
 and they feared he would freeze to death, whereupon Billy Benton, 
 a noble-hearted boy and a nephew of Senator Benton of Missouri, 
 said to the wagonmaster, William Locklin, "If you will let me have 
 your horse, I will go back and try to get Morehead to camp/' The 
 wagonmaster consented but advised him not to go, and others en- 
 deavored to dissuade him, but the noble-hearted boy replied, "More- 
 head shall not freeze to death if I can save him." So he mounted 
 the horse, which was a good one, and he forced him to his best for 
 five miles. He found Morehead sitting down, speechless. He dis- 
 mounted and tried to lift him on the horse, but he could not do it. 
 So he remounted and returned to camp and reported, as here written, 
 Mr. Locklin called for volunteers to go after Morehead. I responded 
 and also William Kemper and William Lace. So we three caught 
 the first four mules that we came to, hitched them to an unloaded 
 wagon, put a camp kettle full of good solid coals of fire in it, the 
 wagonmaster got a bottle of brandy from the doctor, Kemper got on 
 the saddle mule, Lacey got in the wagon by the kettle of coals and I led 
 the head mule by the bridle. This was our only chance to rescue our 
 comrade, without a trained saddle mule or leader. On reaching the spot 
 designated by Benton we found the poor fellow lying straight on hit? 
 back. The wagonmaster ran his hand under his clothes and felt of 
 his heart, and said, "Boys, his heart is still." He opened his mouth 
 and poured some brandy down his throat. We then picked him 
 gently up and put him in the wagon, with his feet to the kettle 
 of coals, and went back to camp as we had come, me leading the 
 head mule all the way both ways. We got back about 12 o'clock at 
 night, and here some friendly hand gave me a cup of good, strong 
 coffee, the only thing I had taken since the morning before. Eeader, 
 the exhilerating effects of that coffee can't be described. Suffice it to 
 say that it warmed, vibrated and tingled to the ends of my toes. 
 
168 NEWSPAPER EXTRACT 
 
 for I had then run and walked in that biting storm over forty miles 
 without food. After drinking that seemingly life-giving coffee, I 
 stood around the fire until I was dry and warm. I then looked 
 around and found a wagon with but one occupant, covered up snug 
 and warm. I quickly crawled in beside him, raised the blankets 
 snuggled close up to him, with my boots and clothes all on, and was 
 soon in the land of dreams, surrounded by singing birds, flowing 
 fountains and perpetual roses, as a reward for what I had just gone 
 through. 
 
 Providence seemed to pity our forlorn condition and sent us a 
 change in the weather, for the next morning the wind had ceased 
 and the sun rose bright and clear. We were all up early, trying to find 
 something to appease the cravings of hunger for by this time the in- 
 ner man was calling for help in no uncertain feeling. We russled up 
 some fat pickled pork, soldier hard tack and coffee, of which I ate 
 about one pound of raw, fat pork, five or six hard tacks and drank a 
 quart of strong coffee, and then felt equal to any or all emergencies. 
 The wagonmasters were compelled to keep their horses tied up to go 
 in pursuit of the mules; so after we had eaten our hasty and short 
 ration breakfast all struck out, horse and foot, in every direction to 
 round them up. By 10 o'clock we had most of the live mules caught, 
 but many had been frozen and rounded up for the last time by the 
 storm. 
 
 Teams were fitted up and we went back to bring up the wagons 
 and men that were left behind in the storm. We found all the men 
 that had been left in their wagons, covered up head and ears in their 
 blankets. By night we had got everything to camp. Rations were is- 
 sued, we got another square meal, and buried our dead comrade, who, 
 like many thousands, had lost his life in trying to carry out an un- 
 necessary military order. 
 
 The next morning what teams were left were hitched to 
 the wagons and Camp Necessity was left. About noon we reached 
 the Clear Fork of the Brazos at a good natural ford, due to the 
 guideship of Black Beaver. The major drove over and I followed 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 169 
 
 him with my cannon. When he reached the rise on the south bank 
 about one mile southwest, a beautiful hill covered with beautiful 
 trees was plain in sight. We moved forward to it, and as we ap- 
 proached it the hill and trees became less and less. When the Major 
 got near it, he halted, called his officers, got out of his hack, and they, 
 with Black Beaver, walked all over the little hill and grove, and when 
 he returned he said, "Here we locate Fort Phantom Hill, for this is 
 one spot where distance lends enchantment to the view." Hence 
 the name, Phantom Hill. 
 
 The order was then to drive up and unload, camp and rest. The 
 word "Eest^' was like pouring oil of gladness on troubled waters, for 
 we had traveled under the burning suns of summer and in the 
 frosts of winter, since early spring, before we reached this haven. 
 
 As the range was as fine as any in the world, and it was necessary 
 to recruit the mules before starting on the long trip back to Fort 
 Smith in the midst of winter, Phantom Hill was an ideal spot for the 
 purpose. Grass and water were abundant for the mules and wild 
 game for the men. There was a heavy crop of acorns in the big 
 rough near the post, and deer and turkeys had collected to it from 
 far and near. They had never heard the report of a gun or seen a 
 white man. They were so fat and contented that they did not seem 
 to fear us, and all we had to do was to sally forth after dark, armed 
 with a long pole, and knock off the low, spreading elms the nice, 
 fat turkeys which we would carry to camp. So we had turkey fixings 
 and flour doings to our heart's content. Antelope were in all direc- 
 tions, 500 in a herd, like flocks of sheep. We thanked the gods 
 of Phantom Hill for giving us this feast, rest and sunshine after the 
 storm. Who can blame the Indians for fighting for this paradise 
 when civilization sought to take it away from them by force of arms? 
 
 As my recollection serves me, about the first of January, Mr. Lock- 
 lin, the wagonmaster, was ordered to hitch up the train and draw 
 rations to carry the outfit back to Preston and at Preston to draw 
 rations to last to Fort Smith. 
 
 Everyhing went smooth with us till we got to Preston. Here 
 
170 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 Major Wood, the quartermaster, kept several of the best teams, 
 mine with the others. The other boys who had to give up their 
 teams took it as a matter of course. Not so with me. Mine was 
 the fanciest and best team in the train, and I loved them better 
 than I ever loved any mules that were really mine. They turned 
 over to me an old, broken-down team to drive to Fort Smith, and I 
 swore straight up and down that I would not drive them. But as my 
 home and dear mother were at Fort Smith, and the thoughts of get- 
 ting to see her soon by driving the team, and getting to tell her 
 that her boy had seen the elephant, rhinoceros or some other big 
 animal in the location of Phantom Hill, made me relent; so I made 
 a virtue of necessity, got some shears, roached them up nicely and tied 
 two of the poorest ones behind the wagon. Tlie quartermaster bought 
 corn all through the nations. I fed and curried them and tried to 
 make them look pretty, especially to drive into Fort Smith. So the 
 morning we drove in I hitched them all up, and when we got near 
 the Fort Mr. Locklin halted the train and sent for me. 
 
 "Jeff," he said, pointing to his baggage team in the lead, "this 
 is your team to drive into the fort." 
 
 Eeader, I was prouder of that promotion than any promotion 
 that I ever received in a long life on the frontier of Texas. I hope 
 the reader will pardon this seeming piece of egotism. The old-time 
 government mule-whacker is fast passing away in Texas, and those 
 of them who were ambitious loved their mules and prided themselves 
 on their close drives; and the cowboy loved his mount, and was as 
 desirous of approbation and applause as a congressman at the present 
 day. 
 
 In the spring of 1851 a mule train of forty six-mule teams was 
 loaded with an army supplies and ordered to Phantom Hill. I went 
 with it as carpenter, hunter, etc. Colonel Abercrombie was sent along 
 to take command of the post. He had a nice ambulance to haul him 
 and his nice little wife, and he called her the pet name of "Dickey." 
 When we got to the west fork of the Trinity it was swollen from 
 heavy rains. I went in and waded it to see if we could cross. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 171 
 
 It was only about waist deep and we began to prepare to cross. Colonel 
 Abercrombie asked me if I would carry "Dickey" over. He saifl 
 she was afraid to go over in the ambulance as the current might 
 capsize it. As I was already wet, I said, "Yes, with pleasure." Miss 
 '^Dickey," as I will call her, was a . very small, neat little woman, 
 '»veighing about 100 pounds, which was nothing for me to carry at 
 that time, particularly when the load was in the shape and sub- 
 stance that it was. So I picked her up and set her on my shoulder 
 and made across, and when I set her little feet on the south bank 
 of West Trinity the temptation was so great that I had to give her 
 a nice, little brotherly hug. She smiled and thanked me for bringing 
 lier safely across. I respectfully raised my hat and replied, "It is 
 yours and the Colonel's to command; it is mine to obey." 
 
 Our train moved on to Phantom Hill, unloaded and returned to 
 Fort Smith. As it passed Preston Major Wood, the quartermaster 
 at that place, wanted me to stop with him, which I did. In the 
 fall he received orders to abandon the quartermaster's department 
 at Preston and go to Austin and take charge at that place. I went 
 with him in charge of his wagon train. After we got to Austin he 
 placed me under Major Albert Sidney Johnston, who was then pay- 
 master in the United States army, with headquarters at Austin. 
 He paid off the troops at Fort Crogan, Phantom Hill, Belknap, Gra- 
 ham and Fort Worth. 
 
 At that time there was not a house where Fort Worth now stands. 
 The old post was occupied by one company of dragoons, commanded 
 by Captain James Oaks. In 1852, or 1853, Lieutenant-Colonel K. E. 
 Lee did command at Phantom Hill, although history says not. At 
 that time the post was occupied by several companies of the Fifth 
 Infantry. 
 
 A train of forty six-mule teams was loaded with government sup- 
 plies for Phantom Hill, with orders to move Lieutenant Colonel 
 R E. Lee with five companies of the Fifth Infantry to Fort Mc- 
 intosh, Laredo, on the Rio Grande. 
 
 I was with the train as carpenter from start to finish. The season 
 
172 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 was very bad, waters were high, and we were a long time on the road. 
 We were two weeks getting across the Nueces at old Fort Ewell. 
 
 On this trip I was very much impressed with the soldierly bear- 
 ing and Christian simplicity of Colonel Lee. 
 
 I was in government employ continuously from the spring of 1849 
 to December 20th, 1855, I might say on the frontier of Texas, in the 
 various capacities of teamster, wagonmaster, carpenter, scout, dis- 
 patch bearer and, like David Copperfield of old, doer of odd jobs; 
 in which time I have seen as many of the officers who did United 
 States duty here on the frontier as any living man, I suppose. 
 
 CAPT. W. J, MALTBY INTERVIEWED BY A REPORTER 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 (Abilene Eeporter, May 22, 1891.) 
 
 Capt. W. J. Maltby, one of the most prominent Texas farmers 
 and horticulturists, favors the Eeporter with the following inter- 
 view. Capt. Maltby needs no introduction to the progressive farmers 
 of this State; he needs no introduction to the horticulturists of the 
 United States, with whom he has met in national convention at the 
 annual meetings of the American Horticultural Society. He is a 
 member in high standing of this organization, and is also a member 
 of the Texas Horticultural Society, and is on important committees 
 of both. The reporter asked : 
 
 "May I ask you what you think of the future of Abilene and 
 the Abilene country ?" 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 173 
 
 "I think that in the near future Abilene will be a city of 50,000 
 inhabitants/' 
 
 "Why do you think so ?" 
 
 "Because it has the three first great natural advantages to make 
 it a city: (1) Health — a perfect absence from malaria. (2) Location 
 — distance from other places of note. (3) Fertility of its soils and 
 vastness of their extent. Every observing man that travels over the 
 Abilene country will be convinced that there is not now, nor never 
 can be, any local cause for sickness, which is the first consideration 
 in any country. As to location, must say that it is the best located 
 of any inland city in the State. It is directly in the geographical cen- 
 tei of the State, and Texas, as a State, will be the wonder of the world 
 and the center, like the center of man or beast, is the vital part. The 
 name Abilene should be changed to Central City, which would add 
 one million dollars to it and the country the first year. 
 
 "Abilene is destined to become one of the leading railroad centers 
 of the State, the natural gaps in the mountains on direct lines to the 
 seaboard south, and to Denver, Colorado, and Santa Fe north, the 
 lines running their entire length through fertile agricultural, horti- 
 cultural and the best of stock-raising countries, which will make 
 them paying roads from the start, insures their building at an early 
 date. As to the citizens and business men of Abilene, they are worthy 
 to occupy the goodly country of their choice. For morals, hospitality, 
 enterprise, 'git up and git' they may have equals, but no superiors; 
 and let me make the assertion, without fear of contradiction, that 
 for morals and orderly conduct, Abilene takes the lead. 
 
 "In case a flow of water is not reached in the artesian well what 
 will Abilene do for a supply of water to support a city ? That cuts 
 no figure in the case whatever. Abilene has a never failing spring of 
 pure water of sufficient volume, and with sufficient elevation, to put 
 the water 100 feet above the city, for a city of any size or capacity .'' 
 
 "Then do you think that the Abilene country is an agricultural 
 and horticultural country, and the place for the industrious, enterpris- 
 ing homeseeker and capitalist?" 
 
 "i do/' 
 
174 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 "Are you a practical fanner and fruit grower?" 
 
 "lam." 
 
 "How long have you lived in this country?" 
 
 "I am the pioneer or one of the pioneers. My advent into this 
 country dates back to the location of Forts Belknap and Phantom Hill, 
 in the year 1850/' 
 
 What has been your experience and observation in regards to 
 rain fall sufficient to make general crops?" 
 
 "I have seen the country settle up from Red river to the Rio 
 Grande on the thirty-second parallel, and the history of each county 
 west as it settled up has been the same. Too dry for two or three 
 years to make farming successful, but as more land was put into cul- 
 tivation and the prairie fires were stopped that destroyed and stunted 
 the growth of the forests and native trees, the rainfall increased each 
 year, until there is an abundance and oft-times too much for suc- 
 cessful farming." 
 
 "But the Abilene country has had serious drouths which have 
 materially retarded its progress?" 
 
 "I admit that, but such a thing will never occur again, because 
 our seasons are so long, and on any 100 acres of our tillable soil 
 in the Abilene country, any intelligent, practical and well-to-do 
 fiinner can grow all the grain, grasses, fruit, fl^nu-^rs and vegeiables 
 that grow in the temperate zone. Under favorable seasons intelligence 
 and perserverance, backed by long seasons and the best virgin soil 
 of vast extent, will never record failure." 
 
 "How do you think our climate and fruit in the Abilene country 
 will compare with California?" 
 
 "Very favorably, the difference in the climate is the way the 
 thing is done. The Californians sell climate for from $100 to 
 $500 per acre and throw in the land. The Abilene country 
 sells land for from $5 to $ 25 per acre, and throws all the 
 right they have to the climate in, and there isn't more than a nickel's 
 difference in the climate, taken all through. The fruit of the future 
 will vie with the fruit of California, with nearness to market \x\ favor 
 of the Abilene country." 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 175 
 
 "Have you lands for sale or are you interested in the sale of 
 land?" 
 
 "No, I have no lands for sale nor am I interested in anyway 
 wnatever with the sale of lands, but shall buy, as fast as my limited 
 means will allow me, and keep as a heritage for my children." 
 
 HOMES FOR THE PEOPLE, WEALTH FOR THE STATE 
 AND JUSTICE FOR THE HOWLERS. 
 
 Editor Sentinel: 
 
 As you are in the middle of the road and desirous of giving 
 justice to all men, politically and otherwise, for the advancement of 
 our State and the betterment of its people, as you see it, I submit 
 this article asking your comments and the comments of others on a 
 subject that has engrossed my attention for many years, and, from 
 my point of view, a question of no small importance to the State of 
 Ttxas and its people. I wish to incite thought and get the people 
 to commenting, for "in the multitude of counsel there is wisdom," 
 saith the Scripture; again, "there is a time to all things," and 
 again, "cast thy bread upon the water, and it shall be gathered up 
 many days hence," etc. So I here make the bold assertion, without 
 the fear of successful contradiction that the State of Texas has a 
 rich gold mine in the proper enactment of a scalp law — a mine that 
 will "pan out" more gold and more happiness to its people than any 
 gold mine in California. 
 
176 
 
 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 The wealth of a State consists in its public improvements and in. 
 the homes and happiness and prosperity oi its citizens. With the 
 proper enactment of a scalp law Texas can furnish homes to thousands 
 of poor but deserving tenant farmers who never Would be able to ob- 
 tain a home under present conditions; and the waste places of West 
 Texas can be made to rejoice and blossom as the rose, and the song 
 of the hardy pioneer and his happy children to echo from Dan to 
 Beersheba in praise of the State that utilized a curse and converted 
 it into an untold blessing. 
 
 The prairie dogs of West Texas are worth as much to the State 
 a.3 the land, if utilized as they should and can be. If the State will 
 put a bounty of 5 cents each on prairie dog scalps and make it sure 
 and secure for the space of ten years, every section of agricultural land 
 in West Texas will be dotted with homes, and the increase in taxable 
 values will in twenty years treble what it now is which would be bread 
 cast upon the waters, returning three-fold after many days, and many 
 people made prosperous and happy. 
 
 Now, for the gold mine. If the State will put this 5-cent bounty 
 on prairie dog scalps, and make it permanent and secure for the 
 space of ten years, then the foundation is laid for the people of the 
 State to realize 10 cents clear on each dog; that is, it would put 
 that amount of money in circulation out of something that is worse 
 than nothing, as is generally considered. We have boarded and lodged 
 Mr. Prairie Dog for lo ! these many years, and he can be made to pay 
 handsomely for his entertainment. Estimating that there are fifty 
 million prairie dogs in West Texas, and that ten cents on each one of 
 them can be put into circulation, we see that it would add five million 
 dollars to the circulation in West Texas, out of worse than nothing 
 as viewed from an ordinary standpoint. But as all questions have two 
 sides to them it may be that the dog was put in West Texas by a 
 wise Providence to furnish the means whereby people could obtain 
 homes. From my standpoint it would be easy to settle up West Texas 
 by means of the prairie dog, but difficult unless we utilize this means. 
 The way to realize the ten cents on each dog is for the Steite to prop- 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 177 
 
 erly fix the scalp law. When that is done and is generally known a 
 grand and continued Oklahoma rush will be made for the school 
 lands of West Texas. If properly set on foot there will be a general 
 demand for their pelts and oil. Their pelts will command 5 cents 
 apiece and each dog will render 5 cents worth of fine oil, which will 
 put into circulation among the people $5,000,000 in the space of ten 
 years, which amount will be used in the purchase of lands and the 
 making of homes, resulting in a richer mine for Texas than any 
 in California. 
 
 To go into the general details of this subject would make this 
 article too long. My object is to incite thought and invite criticism, 
 a : the time for the destruction and utilization of the destructive ani- 
 mals of West Texas has probably come. 
 
 Prairie Doggie, thine for the right, homes for the people, and 
 justice and progress for the howlers. W. J. MALTBY. 
 
 I see an article in the Sentinel from the old captain. It sounds 
 somewhat funny. I wonder if the captain ever had any experience 
 in getting the ropes on the worthless little doggie that he thinks 
 there is so much money in. The hide may be all right, and the tallow 
 too; the question is how to catch the dog in quantities that wouLl 
 pay. Will not the time and expense overrun the profits? I have 
 managed to kill the dogs off twenty acres with poison and carbon 
 and if ever I found a dead dog on top of the ground I do not remem- 
 ber it. And even if I could poison the dog and get him I would 
 not like to pull the pelt from him. I think the Captain was letting 
 his mind wander off in imagination and was thinking oi the wonder- 
 
 12 
 
178 NEWRPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 ful wealth that could be accumulated in case the doggie was as large 
 as a mule and as fat as a bear in mast time. His idea that there 
 was more money in that worthless dog than in the richest gold mine 
 in California w-as purely imaginary and not real. I think a success- 
 ful recipe how to kill the doggie would bring the dog catchers moro 
 money than the 5-cent tax and the hide and tallow put together. 
 Just think of the tenant farmers out in West Texas catching dogs 
 and selling hides and tallow and paying for the land that he caught 
 the dogs off. Putting $5,000,000 in circulation would be worth 
 w^onders in West Texas. I will agree with the Captain that if the 
 State will pay 5 cents for the scalp, and 10 cents can be had for 
 the hide and oil, and they can be caught in large quantities so that 
 the expense will not be so great, the $5,000,000 can be put in circu- 
 lation. In multitude of counsel there is wisdom, and in killing a 
 multitude of prairie dogs there is much labor and expense. I hope 
 the Captain will go into the details of this wonderful scheme. There 
 is a time for all things and there must be a time to kill prairie 
 dogs, and I find it a difficult matter to kill them out of their dens. 
 I wonder what Middle, South and East Texas would say to taxing 
 them to kill the dogs for West Texas. I fail to see the point where 
 exterminating the dogs would bring prosperity and happiness to 
 its citizens. With proper enactment of a scalp law Texas can furnish 
 homes to thousands of poor and deserving tenant farmers is another 
 statement that needs to be explained, especially to as shortsighted 
 a man as I am. The Captain slings a ready pen and gets off in fine 
 style, but fails to make his points. There is not a tenant farmer 
 who is able to go into the dog killing business, who is not able to 
 take up a school claim and go to farming and make a good living, 
 and kill the dogs off his own land without a scalp law. My guess is 
 that I am into it now and there will not be a grease spot left of 
 me when the Captain gets through with me. There is one point the 
 Captain made. He said the editor of the Sentinel is in the middle 
 of the road. C. A. CLEMMER. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 179 
 
 HOMES FOR THE PEOPLE AND WEALTH FOR THE STATE 
 (West Texas Sentinel, Abilene, Texas, March 12, 1893.) 
 
 Editor Sentinel : 
 
 Under the above heading, in your issue of February 17th, you 
 published an article from me on the scalp law, in which I made some 
 bold and unqualified assertions, and left all the gaps down and in- 
 vited comments and criticisms, to which I took as a text or quoted 
 three passages of Scripture, to-wit: (1st.) In the multitude of coun- 
 sel there is much wisdom. (2nd) Bread cast upon ilfie waters will 
 return after many days. (3rd) A time to all things. 
 
 In the first place, I am proud to know that buncombe speeches 
 and Duiicombe articles in newspapers don't go with men who claim 
 to be in the middle of the road; that it takes "brass tack" arguments 
 to win, and that if a thing is so why is it so. So I doff my hat in 
 great respect to Bro. C. A. Clemmer for taking up the gauntlet that 
 r threw down. For agitation is the life of all things. We must ag- 
 itate and tickle the soil with plow and hoe and it will «mile in corn 
 and other useful and necessary products. So when the public mind 
 is agitated on questions of importance it will smile in wisdom from 
 a multitude of counsel. So Bro. C. can drive a tack here. 
 
 Bro. C. said that I made one point — that The Sentinel was in 
 the middle of the road; so we here drive a brass tack. As to my 
 experience in getting the ropes on the worthless little kuss of a prairie 
 dog, let me say that 1 have made and eaten many savory pot-pies 
 
180 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 out of the little kirss Jong before he made his appearance in the 
 Abilene country, and I here offer to bind myself to make one or tens 
 of thousands of traps at 10 cents each that can be handled by any 
 six-year-old boy or girl with perfect success, and be as durable as 
 any other farm implement and not injure the scalp, hide or tallow. 
 Those that are one-half or two- thirds grown are as good to eat as 
 squirrels, the older ones, after being rendered, their meat can be 
 fed to the pigs. So we will use the little fellow, lock, stock and 
 barrel, and sing: Doggie, doggie, huah, huah, ah, huah. 0, my little 
 doggie, huah, huah, huah, hu or hey," and Bro. C. can drive a 
 tack here. 
 
 Their pelts will make the best quality of kid gloves, and that 
 kind of leather is very scarce all over the world. They will not 
 re];ider as much oil as a fat 'Var" in mast time, but we will make 
 up in quality what we lack in quantity, as it is proven to be the 
 finest machine oil for all classes, even the sewing machine, and we 
 arc; going to get 5 cents worth out of each "purp," and Bro. C. 
 can drive a tack here. 
 
 Now, if* there are fifty millions (which there are) of the worth- 
 less little kusses and four of their pelts will make a pair of first- 
 class kid gloves, and each one will render on an average 5 cents 
 worth of the very best of oil, and that they can be trapped, pelted 
 and Tendered by children too small to do hard labor, and that the 
 inventive genius of the American people can and will supply the 
 means* for his (the doggy's) successful capture, without poison; and 
 that by the proper enactment of a scalp law as a basis or foundation 
 to build ^pon their pelts and oil will come into demand and will 
 br> current money at all the stores in West Texas, and the money 
 will be drawn from other and manufacturing States and put in 
 circulation in Texas ; which will make in the aggregate a richer mine 
 for Texas than any nam^d mine in California. After the multitude 
 of counsel if this proves to be wisdom, a tack can be driven here. 
 
 As to what Eastern and Southern Texas would say in regard to 
 taxing them to^pay f dr the scalps of the destructive animals of West 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 181 
 
 Texas, my reply is that whatever is to the great interest of any 
 large portion of the State is to the interest of the whole State. In 
 proof, under Governor Cokeys administration a battalion of Rangers 
 was voted for and organized by the vote of all Texas, and for the 
 piotection of West Texas against the Indians, which has proven, 
 after a multitude of counsel, to have been great wisdom. For if 
 only viewed from a financial standpoint, the increase of taxation that 
 we have drawn from other States has much more than paid all tho 
 cost; wliich was bread cast upon the waters which was returned after 
 many days, and many lives and much valuable property protected 
 and the people niade prosperous and happy. We will drive a tack 
 here. 
 
 As it takes more space to answer a question than it does ^o aek 
 it, and as space in The Sentinel is valuable, "A time to all things," 
 and "homes for tenant farmers," by permission of The Sentinel, will 
 appear later on. Some brass tacks left, and gun loaded wTtli doggies 
 and loaded for "b'ar." W. J. MALTBY. 
 
 Reply. 
 Putnam, Texas, February 27, 1893. 
 Editor Sentinel: 
 
 
182 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 CAPT. W, J. MALTBTS LETTER ADRESSED TO THE BELLE 
 PLAINE ALLIANCE, CALLAHAN COUNTY, TEXAS. 
 
 (From West Texas Sentinel, Abilene, Texas, March 8, 1893.) 
 Mr. D. Campbell, President Belle Plaine Alliance. 
 
 Dear Sir and Brother: Circumstances over which I have no 
 control prevent my being present with you in person at your 
 meeting on the third Saturday in February. 1 therefore address the 
 meeting with my pen, through you, on matters pertaining to the "good 
 of the order." 
 
 Brethren and Sisters — Although I cannot be with you in person 
 to-day, let this suffice as proof that my spirit is with you in your 
 noble work of trying to better the condition of yourselves, your fam- 
 ilies and your fellow men morally, socially and financially. And when 
 you take a retrospective survey of your work you ought to feel 
 encouraged, for the Bible plainly says that a tree is known by its 
 fruit, and "by their fruits shall ye know them." 
 
 The fruits that you have cultivated are morals, temperance, 
 Christianity, brotherly love, justice and general reformation, advance- 
 ments in agriculture, horticulture, the beautifying of homes and the 
 happiness of their inmates and the betterment of your fellow citi- 
 zens. The cultivation of such fruits as these cannot bring the blush of 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 183 
 
 shame to the cheek of any man or woman inside the bounds of civiliza- 
 tion or within God's moral vineyard. Then ,you must receive the 
 applaudit, "Well done, thou good and faithful servants." If you are 
 conscious of having done your duty and that your labors have brought 
 forth good fruit, you are enjoined in the Bible that as you have put 
 your hand to the plow you must not turn or look back, but with 
 the eye of faith fixed steadily forward, onward and upward (in the mid- 
 dle of the road, so to speak), neither turning to the right nor 
 the left, but with full confidence in God's promise to the righteous that 
 he should "never be forsaken nor his seed be found begging bread,'' 
 asking justice for yourselves and granting the same to all others, de- 
 manding equal rights to all and special privileges to none, neither 
 morally, socially or politically, so far as the government is concerned 
 — advancements all along the line in the condition and intellectual 
 training of the producing classes. Whenever and whatever the pro- 
 ducing classes are intelligent, prosperous and happy all other oc- 
 cupations flourish. Then the legitimate conclusion must be that the 
 producer is the leaven that leaveneth the whole lump; and anything 
 that legislative or other influences can bring to bear to better its 
 condition morally, socially, financially and politically betters his 
 home, betters his neighborhood, betters his county, betters his State 
 and betters his general government. The true fundamental prin- 
 ciples of democratic government begin in a log cabin or home, and 
 whatever will mete out equal justice and advancement to each mem- 
 ber of that family will mete out the same to the neighborhood, 
 county, State and general government. 
 
 The sword of Washington and the pen of Jefferson gave to us the 
 greatest country and the grandest constitution under the sun. The 
 pen of Jefferson wrote the words that made tyrants and crowned 
 heads tremble, and that will live until time shall be no more — ^the 
 words, "All men are born free and equal." Then, as I see it, the fruits 
 of the alliance and the objects sought are equal protection to all 
 classes of men, special privileges to none; equal representation, equal 
 taxation, equal opportunities to beautify the earth and make it a 
 
184 NEWSPAPER EXTRACT 
 
 fit temporary abode for man, and a proper footstool for the Author 
 of man's existence. Thomas Jefferson was the greatest horticulturist 
 of the age in which he lived. He planted the tree of democracy, and 
 planted its roots in good, virgin soil, and its roots went downward 
 and its trunk went upward and its branches spread outward until- 
 it gave shade and protection to the American people. And he left 
 the people to dress and keep it, and he solemnly warned them 
 that "eternal vigilance is the price of liberty," and told them that 
 whenever any of the branches became decayed and failed to bear the 
 fruit for which it was planted they were to be lopped off and new 
 branches permitted to grow out in their stead and bear the required 
 fruit, and the name of the fruit was "The greatest good to the greatest 
 number — forever." To which every true alliance man will respond 
 "Amen ! God grant, and so mote it be." 
 
 Now, my friends, I wish to relate a little anecdote on an old darky 
 and make an application to show the vanity of mankind had they the 
 audacity to express themselves as the old darky did. Just after the 
 war, when the darkies thought the bottom rail had gotten on top, an 
 old darky down in Eastern Texas ran for the legislature and in his 
 speeches he always quoted the constitution thusly : "My fellow citi- 
 zens — Old Mars Jefferson he say in de declarshun ob independence 
 dat all men am born'd free an' equal, and he furdermore says dat 
 if enybody hab de preferens gib it to de darky." Now, to illustrate: 
 If it were left to the banker, he would say "Give it to' the banker." 
 The merchant would say, "Give it to the merchant." The lawyer 
 woul say, "Give it to the lawyer." The doctor would say, "Give it 
 to the doctor," and the meek and lowly man — the preacher — he too 
 would say, "If any man has the preference give it to the preacher." 
 And last but not least, my friends, old Hayseed, too, would exclaim 
 with a rising voice, "Give it to the farmer." And, as I am a sort of a 
 jack-leg farmer myself I hope my vanity may be pardoned, for I would 
 reiterate the language of the old darky and say, "If enybody hab de 
 preferens, gib it to de farmer." The farmer may have some excuse for 
 his vanity. If we believe the Bible (and most of us do), we read in 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 185 
 
 Genesis that in the beginning, after all other animated things had been 
 created, God said : "Behold, there is not a man to till the soil." And 
 God took the dust of the earth and made man, and breathed into 
 his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living soul. And 
 God named him Adam — the father of all living. And the Lord 
 God planted a* garden over eastward in Eden, over which he placed 
 that man Adam, the father of all living, to cultivate the soil and 
 to dress the garden and keep it. So Adam, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, 
 Noah and all the patriarchs of old were cultivators of the soil (or flock 
 masters, which is nearly the same), and the Bible further tells us 
 that a stream cannot rise higher than its fountain. Then, if we are 
 descendants of Adam we cannot rise above him. He was a farmer, 
 and received his occupation from God himself, as the leading occupa- 
 tion of the earth. Then all other occupations must be secondary to 
 this. You have the highest authority that your calling is noble and 
 pure. You are the men who make nations and armies and sustain 
 them. You are men who have planted the banners of your country 
 upon the highest pinnacles of fame, and have everywhere subdued 
 foes and built happy homes in their stead. You are the men who have 
 founded this government that was cemented by the pen and constitu- 
 tion of Jefferson, and perpetuated by the loyal devotion of Lincoln, 
 and should its hour of supreme peril ever come your dauntless legion, 
 with devoted patriotism, will protect it unto salvation. In chorus — as 
 one man — "This republic of Washington and Lincoln must be 
 respected by all the world, and its benign constitution must, can and 
 shall be administered in the interest of all classes of its citizens 
 alike, by the Eternal, so help us God !" 
 
 With love for all and malice toward none, I am thine for the right, 
 
 W. J. Maltby. 
 
186 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 OLDEN TIME MEMORIES. 
 
 Letters from a Man Who Lived in Fort Smith Nearly Sixty Years 
 
 Ago. 
 
 (Fort Smith, Ark., Elevator, September 29, 1905.) 
 
 W. J. Weaver has received a letter from Jeff Maltby, a Fort 
 Smith boy, of whom the Dallas News recently ptibLshed a sketch re- 
 relating his history in Western Texas. Jeff has done rough riding and 
 killed more wild Indians than Roosevelt, Buffalo Bill or Kit Carson. 
 Ho enlisted in Fort Smith for the Mexican war in Allen Woods and 
 Felch's company, fought through the campaign, and afterwards served 
 as an escort for Paymaster Albert Sidney Johnston in his trips to 
 the far western posts — Fortr Concho, Worth, Belknap, Arbuckle and 
 Phantom Hill. There were many bad Indians on the southwestern 
 frontier then, who made frequent raids on the western Texas settlers, 
 scalped them and carried off women and children prisoners. These 
 tribes were the Kiowas, Comanches, etc. They were desperate fighters 
 and splendid horsemen. The Tonka ways were cannibals, and when 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 187 
 
 they killed an enemy roasted and ate his legs and arms. Jeff then 
 served through the Civil War with the Confederates. After the Civil 
 War he served for some time as captain of a company of rangers, 
 in the employ of the State of Texas, to protect the frontier counties 
 from Indians and outlaws. The letter is dated at Admiral, Texas, 
 and is as follows : 
 
 W. J. Weaver, Fort Smith, Ark. 
 
 My Dear Old Friend: I was surprised and delighted to get your 
 letter, and return thanks to God that we yet live and have been per- 
 mitted to enjoy this ^privilege of correspondence. 1 am 76 years old 
 and have had quite a checkered life, in some respects I have seemed 
 to carry a charmed life. 
 
 You know my Mexican war history. After that I was for six 
 years in government employ qu the frontier of Texas in various 
 capacities — carpenter, wagonmaster, scout, dispatch bearer, teamster, 
 hunter, etc. Like David Copperfield of old, I was a doer of odd jobs for 
 six years, after which, in 1856, I built a stage stand at Fort Clark 
 to keep the men and mules that carried the United States mail 
 from San Antonio to El Paso. In 1858 I rented out my premises to the 
 mail company and went to Burnett, Texas, where I got married 
 to one of God^s noble helpmates to man and went to farming and 
 stock raising, continuing scouting for Indians as the only way to save 
 life and property. I followed this life up to the commencement of the 
 Civil W^ar, when I raised a company of men and joined the Seventeenth 
 Texas Volunteer Infantry, C. S. A., served one year and was then 
 sent back to the frontier of Texas and put in command of a company 
 of men to guard the frontier against Indians, bushwhackers, deserters, 
 etc. I held this position until the close of the war, and was court- 
 martialed for holding the position long after Lee's surrender. Since 
 that time I have commanded several ranger companies, it is said with 
 honor to the State and credit to myself, and I have never been hurt 
 in any way. 
 
 My wife is 67 years old, and we have had eight fine children. We 
 
188 
 
 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 are living in what is said to be the, most pleasant home in Callahan 
 County, Texas, where we have planted with our own hands all man- 
 ner of fruits and flowers, and where we rest under our own vine 
 and fig tree, quietly waiting for the call from the, land of the leal, 
 where I hope and expect to sit down and smoke the pipe of peace with 
 the Indians that I have assisted from this to their happy hunting 
 grounds, and there, with all nations of this earth, fully recognize 
 and acknowlege the universal Fatherhood of God and the Brother- 
 hood of Man. Eemember me kindly to all old-timers. 
 
 With best wishes for your longer life and happiness, I am, your old 
 friend, W, J. Maltby. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 189 
 
 FRUIT AND TRUCK GROWING IN WEST TEXAS, 
 
 (West Texas Sentinel, Abilene, Texas, Feb. 12, 1902.) 
 
 Mr. President and Members of the Farmers' Institute of the Abilene 
 Country: 
 
 I have been honored and requested by your honorable association 
 to deliver an address or read a papej- before you, and the subject 
 assigned to me, "The Outlook for Gardening and Fruit Growing in 
 the Abilene Country," is a subject of great magnitude and of vital 
 importance to the growth, prosperity and greatness of my country. 
 There is no country that can ever be truly a great country whose soils 
 and climate fails to respond bountifully to the efforts of the tiller 
 of soil when the proper propagation and cultivation is rightly applied. 
 ' These words, "rightly applied," is some of the big clods that we 
 clodhoppers run up against in all new countries, which calls for 
 farmers' institutes and experience meetings in good old campmeeting 
 style, telling how the Lord had blessed their labors, etc. 
 
 These experience meetings, when properly appreciated and regu- 
 larly attended, will soon make the barren and waste places blossom 
 as the rose. "God made the tillers of the soil the beautifiers of the 
 earth, His footstool," he was the last and crowning piece of creation 
 
190 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 and placed in the Garden of Eden to keep it and dress it. 
 
 Mr. President, my invitation to address this meeting on the Out- 
 look for Fruit Growing and Gardening, carries with it right to make 
 suggestions. The Abilene country now has two of the greatest auxil- 
 aries in the rapid development of agriculture and horticulture, 
 which are the West Texas Fair and Farmers' Institute. 
 
 The West Texas Fair should' be supported and encouraged by 
 every business man and farmer in the country, and I would suggest 
 that the directors of the Fair employ the ^-ight man and put him in 
 the right place to encourage the farmers to get up exhibits of everything 
 that grows in the county, and to visit every town and try to interest 
 every business man to chip in and offer special premiums for all the 
 different products of merit that can be got together and exhibited 
 at the West Texas Fair. There will be no trouble to get up ex- 
 hibits that will compare favorably with any country, if we can 
 only get the special premiums offered. The race horse comes in for too 
 great a share in proportion to agriculture and horticulture. 
 
 We know that the race horse is a drawing card, and the raising 
 of fine stock should be encouraged to its fullest extent, commensurate 
 with the products of the farm. The rains come and the winds blow 
 and the race tracks are wiped out, but the farm and orchard are 
 living and abiding monuments of their durability and sustaining 
 qualities. 
 
 The Farmers' Institute, like experimental stations, should be kept 
 up, honored and encouraged. The adage that like begets like, holds 
 good in agriculture as in anything else, for when one farmer finds 
 out what variety of seeds to plant and what variety of fruit trees to 
 plant and what nursery to get his trees from, then his neighbors should 
 Auilow his example, and if so his neighbor i§ benefited. 
 
NEWSHAPER EXTRACTS 191 
 
 And now, my brothers of the Farmers' Institute, the Bible tells ua 
 that he that don't provide for his own household has denied the 
 faith, etc. We have within our household as noble, intelligent, hon- 
 orable and scientific a lot of nurserymen as the world can produce; 
 such as E. W. Kirkpatrick, T. V. Munson, John S. Kerr, F. T. 
 Eamsey and others, who have spent years and years propagating 
 and experimenting to get the best fruit of all varieties best adapted 
 to our climate and soils. They can tell you how to select the location 
 how to plant, how to prune, how to cultivate, and. when your trees 
 come to bearing, you have got just what they told you you would have. 
 
 I believe I am considered the pioneer fruit grower in the Abilene 
 country, and my sad experience with fruit tree agents has so com- 
 pletely cut my eye teeth that if I were going to plant one or ten 
 thousand trees, I would order them from E. W. Kirkpatrick or T. V. 
 Munson and pay them their price, before I would take the same 
 number of trees from any nursery outside of the State as a gift. 
 Tree planting should interest every business man and every house- 
 holder in the country, and I bespeak a careful interest in what your 
 gifted and experienced townsman, the Hon. Henry Sayles, has to say. 
 His words should be treasured as "apples of gold in goblets of silver," 
 and if so, they will be like grain •that fell on good soil and will bring 
 forth a hundred fold. The planting of trees and the making of lovely 
 and happy homes should be man's greatest object here on earth. 
 He should, if he is able to do so, plant everything that is pleasing 
 to the eye, fragrant to the smell and delicious to the palate. This 
 is the subject that seems to give us a stepping stone to that land that 
 is fairer than this, where we hope to pluck ambrosial fruit from trees 
 immortal grown. 
 
 Mr. President, and gentlemen of the Institute, the subject that 
 has been assigned to me is like space, it has no end and cannot be 
 
192 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 entered into in one short address, therefore I give way to some other 
 gentleman that can interest you more intelligently and profitably 
 than I have. 
 
 In conclusion let me say that agriculture and horti(mlture have more 
 civilizing and Christianizing influences surrounding them than any 
 other occupation under the sun. Stock raising is the occupation of 
 the barbarous and semi-barbarous nations of the earth. Manufacturers 
 are the breeders of anarchism, alcoholism, poverty and crime. You may 
 admire the stockman with his broad acres and his cattle grazing upon 
 a thousand hills — you may admire the factory with its thousands 
 of busy spindles, but what civilizing influences do they possess ? But 
 agriculture and horticulture are the handmaidens of religion, law 
 and order everywhere, for who can stand beside the tree laden with its 
 golden fruit, or the vine with its purple clusters, or the rose in its 
 superlative loveliness, without worshipping the God that gave these 
 gifts to man. 
 
 Admiral, Texas. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 193 
 
 SPEECH MADE BY CAPT. W. J. MALTBY TO THE CITI- 
 ZENS OF HIS NATIVE COUNTY, SAN GO MAN, AT THE 
 CENTRAL ILLINOIS STATE FAIR, VIRGINIA, ILL., 
 AUG. 6, 1891, AS TAKEN BY THE SHORT HAND 
 REPORTER AND GIVEN TO US. 
 
 Ladies and gentlemen and fellow countrymen of my nativity — We 
 read away back in sacred history, where Moses sent out a horticultural 
 deputation to view»the land and to bring back samples of the fruits, 
 so that the children of Israel could judge whether it was goodly 
 land to immigrate to. The difference between that first horticultural 
 deputation, and this Texas on wheels, of which I am a delegate is this : 
 Moses sent out his deputation, whereas the people of the great State 
 of Texas have sent their deputation to you with magnificnt cars laden 
 with the grand products of the Lone Star State, and samples of her 
 citizens. Governor Hubbard represents the acme of society, oratory 
 
 13 
 
194 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 and statesmanship, while I, your humble servant, represent the wild 
 and wooly cowboy of the west, or the rare old plainsman of fiction, 
 that went around with a sythe blade for a toothpick and a pistol eight 
 or nine feet long, loaded with a ball weighing anywhere between 
 twenty-five and seventy-five pounds, with spurs and other accoutre- 
 ments to match. Such, my friends, are the pictures drawn of Western 
 Texas cow men, but, like all the pictures of Texas, they are overdrawn, 
 all but the facts. 
 
 Now, my friends, one of the facts connected with the exhibit 
 is this: That I have no land for sale, and that I am not interested 
 in any way, with any man or firm that has lands for sale, is one 
 reason that the people of Texas wanted me to come, and the other 
 reason is my long residence in the State of Texas. 
 
 Having seen the country settle up through its center from the 
 Eed river to the Eio Grande, and the history of each county has been 
 the same merged from stock raising to farming, and each farm has 
 been capable of producing all the cereals, all the varieties of fruits, 
 vines and vegetables ; and let me say to you that after having traveled 
 over most of the States and Territories, that I believe Texas to be the 
 best field for the investment of capital, the best for the homeseeker, 
 the man with the hoe, to obtain cheap and fertile lands. Our car 
 arrived on your grounds yesterday, after a direct run from Denison, 
 Texas. I was very tired and had a very refreshing sleep last night, 
 and woke up this morning perfectly refreshed, and my mind wandered 
 back all over my past life ; how I had been a volunteer in the Mexican 
 war of '46 and '47, and how I had been in the employment of the 
 [Jnited States on the frontier as carpenter, teamster, scout, dispatch 
 bearer, etc. For seven years, from Eed Eiver to the Eio Grande, out- 
 side of the settlements, but was the home of the blood-thirsty, cruel 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 195 
 
 savage Indian, that murdered in cold blood defenseless women and 
 children, whenever the opportunity offered. When the war between 
 the States was fully inaugurated, I espoused the cause of the South, 
 for it was my home, and went through tiic war. After the war 
 I followed the avocation of cowboy and Texas ranger until peace spread 
 her white wings over the Iror^tier of Texas. I then beat my sword 
 into a pruning hook and my pistol into a plow share, and have 
 since that time turned my attention to the peaceful pursuits of agri- 
 culture and horticulture, in what is now known as the Abilene country 
 of Texas. Go and inspect Texas on wheels and you will say: "Peace 
 hath her victories, as well as war." 
 
 And now, my countrymen, after going through what I have nar- 
 rated to you, my heart melts in thankfulness to the giver of all 
 good, that after a lapse of sixty years, I have been permitted to 
 open my eyes in the land where they first saw the light, or the land 
 of my birthplace. Has my life been spared to bring to you the 
 glad tidings of the modern star of Bethlehem — the Lone Star of 
 Texas? These productions of the earth are strictly specimens of the 
 fertility of Texas soils. They were not sent to you by the people 
 of Texas, asking you to sell out happy and comfortable homes, 
 unless you are perfectly satisfied that you can better the condition 
 of yourself and family. We come to let you know that such a 
 country as Texas does exist, that its people are law-abiding and moral, 
 that they welcome you to come, that your religion or politics will not 
 debar you from the best society. But come to make two blades of grass 
 grow where only one grew before, not expecting to gather grapes 
 of thorns or figs of thistles, but expecting each tree and vine will 
 bring forth fruit after its own kind, when properly cared for and 
 planted. To all such we say: Come; we pledge to you a country 
 
196 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 where you can sit down tinder your own vine and fig tree, where 
 none can or dare to molest. 
 
 Texas rolled into Chicago Sunday night on wheels. It came in 
 three large red railroad coaches, which were hauled along the Atchi- 
 son, Topeka and Santa Fe tracks to Sixteenth street. There the 
 three cars stood all day yesterday, blinding the vision of people that 
 flashed by in passenger trains. Some time to-day the cars will be 
 dragged further into the city and by to-night may be resting on 
 the lake front if Stuyvesant Fish makes no objection. Yesterday old 
 Capt. W. J. Maltby, who went into the ' Rio Grande country in 
 1850, and for a long while commanded a troop of the State rangers 
 along that ragged and reckless frontier, wrapped his arm around an ear 
 of corn in one of the cars, and said, "Yes suh, we raise something 
 in Texas now besides h — 1." Captain Mialtby, after tumbling about 
 with six-shooters on his hips for a quarter of a century, has now settled 
 down on one of the farms he owns in the Abilene country, and is 
 one of the famous and successful horticulturists and agriculturists in 
 the big, sprawling State. The Capt'n has charge of the coaches of 
 the Texas exhibit. The display is made by the Texas Real Estate 
 Association and will be rolled around the country for a whole year. 
 Col. W. B. Slosson, director and manager of the association, is in 
 charge, and there are living with him on the coaches: Emigrant 
 Agent T. A. Wilkinson, of the Rio Grande Railway ; ex-Governor R. B. 
 Hubbard, who lectures on the exhibit; W. M. Fagle, the press agent, 
 and W. R. Roberts, nephew and private secretary of the governor 
 and advertising distributer. Captain Maltby is. likewise on the red 
 train and also all over it. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 197 
 
 Something of Everything. 
 
 There is everything in those cars. There are products from the 
 Texas plains and the Texas penitentiaries; from the Texas fields and 
 the Texas factories. The products are of this year's growth, and con- 
 tain specimens of corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, walnut, white 
 and red oak, bois d'arc, whatever that is, cedar, gum, dogwood, ash, 
 holly, persimmon, plum, pine, maple, water-live-oak, white hickory 
 and slippery elm wood. Then there are grey granite, sandstone and 
 limestone, hydraulic limestone, fire clay, lignite, vegetable marl, red 
 and yellow ochre, brown laminate, brown hematite, coal, brick and 
 vitrified or paving brick, iron ore from 40 to 67, mill iron, silver 
 gray, mottled and car wheels. There are also articles representing 
 the manufacture of leather and blankets, all the grades of cotton goods, 
 flour, packing and canning house products. And right beside these 
 ranged along through the cars are apples, peaches, pears, plums, 
 grapes, quinces, beans, tomatoes, okra, onions, peppers, bananas, 
 oranges, lemons, cucumbers and muskmelons. Captain Maltby has a 
 muskmelon raised on his farm, which is three feet long and he doesn't 
 brag on it either. He has it sealed in a jar now. It was growing 
 when he started but it grew so fast and furiously that the people on 
 the car couldn't breathe. The Cap'n also had some growing grapes 
 when the train left Galveston three weeks ago, but in coming out of 
 Lincoln, II!., the other day, the colonel left the door open, tho 
 vines ran out, wrapped themselvet. a'owut the telegraph wires, and dur- 
 ing the electric shock which the inhabitants of the car received, the 
 vines grew so rapidly that they dragged the train back into Spring- 
 field. 
 
198 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 "These hyah yeahs of cawn," said Captain Maltby yesterday, 
 slapping a Dig fat jar in one of the ears, "were raised by me down on 
 my fahm in the Abilene country this spring. The first plat of six 
 acres was planted March 15th, the second plat of six acres was 
 planted April 1st; the third of six acres, April 15th; the fourth of 
 bi^ acres, May 1st and the fifth of four acrej. May 15th. Theah's nine 
 varieties of large field corn in that jah suh, and I consider it the 
 finest exhibit of cawn evah made. I didn't raise it for an exhibit, but 
 just to keep up a succession of roastin' yeahs. The ground was 
 sod land, and wasn't cross-broke neitha, suh. It never was plowed 
 but twice, and then with an ordinary cultivator. Now this hyah yeah 
 of cawn, suh," continued the captain, taking down a jar with a roasting 
 ear in it that looked like a squash, "is the largest yeah of cawn in 
 the world. I raised that myself, suh, and originated it. That 
 sort of cawn in Texas is known as the Maltby caw^n or the Abilene 
 country nubbin. This yeah has thirty perfect rows on it and the grains 
 are more than three quarters of an inch long. That's only second 
 yeah cawn, suh, and ordinary cawn only has about eighteen rows to the 
 yeah. Then these are nubbins." The captain plays with kernels of 
 corn that might make a set of false teeth for a horse. These are just 
 a few features of the exhibit with which these men are inviting 
 the people from the northwest to Texas. 
 
 New Ideas of Texas. 
 
 A stuffed tarpon, the largest game fish in the world, stares at their 
 visitors from the door. This one is five feet eight inches long and 
 weighs 110 pounds. This, too, is the largest tarpon ever caught that 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 199 
 
 anybody knows of. It was hooked at Aransas Pass near Rockport. 
 Then there is a pretty table of inlaid woods, exquisite in its workman- 
 ship, and contains twenty-nine native Texas woods. It was made 
 by a convict in the penitentiary, and contains 178,889 pieces of wood. 
 
 The vividly painted cars are strung with mottos. Some of them 
 say : 
 
 Fifty dollar fine and imprisonment for carrying concealed weapons 
 in Texas. 
 
 One sheep ranch in Texas larger than the State of Rhode Island. 
 
 No card playing in Texas. 
 
 Taxes in Texas 20 cents on the $100. 
 
 If reciprocity has thousands for Massachusetts it has millions 
 for Texas. 
 
 Out west is gone. Come to Texas. 
 
 Texas laws are better inforced than any other State. 
 
 The cars are covered with Texas scenes painted in oil. They will 
 remain here eight days. Captain M'altby said there wasn't much 
 liquor drank in Texas any more. — Chicago Herald. 
 
 The following letter complimentary to Capt. W. J. Mai thy was 
 received Friday: 
 
 Petersburg, 111., Aug. 11, 1891. 
 Messrs. H. Henderson and F. Bompart. 
 
 My Dear Sirs : I wish to say in behalf of the "Texas Car Exhibit" 
 (to which you and others have been and are still warm contributors) 
 that the accession of my friend and old comrade, Capt. W. J. Maltby, 
 
200 NEWSPAPER EXTRACT 
 
 of Callahan County, to our corps, was a most fortunate circumstance 
 for all Texas. He is an old Texan and veteran; a soldier of the 
 Mexican war and a gallant ranger and captain of one of our best 
 companies during my administration as governor from 1876 to 1879. 
 and since then, known throughout Texas as one of the most success- 
 ful farmers and horticulturists in the famous Abilene country of 
 Western Texas. All these antecedents and qualifications make his of- 
 ficial connection with these exhibits of "Texas on Wheels" a very 
 winning card. The exhibit so far has been warmly welcomed and has 
 excited great inquiry about our whole State. It will bear good fruit. 
 I am glad of the opportunity of thanking the Abilene friends of 
 the exhibit for sending us Captain Maltby. Yours truly, 
 
 Richard B. Hubbard. 
 
 Captain W. J. Maltby, of Abilene, an ex-captain of the State 
 rangers, is with us, and is doing valiant service in the cause of 
 Te:?fas. He never fails to draw a crowd around him when recounting 
 hu early experiences in Texas, as contrasted with the present. The 
 fact that he is a "sucker" gives him authority to speak by the book, 
 and he is listened to with attention. He was born in Sangamon 
 C(;unty, in this State, and to-day he is resting by the smiling waters 
 of the Sangamon river, the first his eyes ever had sight of. 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 201 
 
 THEY WERE COMANCHE S AND K 10 WAS. 
 
 Admiral, Texas, Jan. 1, 1902. 
 Col. I. R. Hitt, Colorado City, Texas. 
 
 Dear Sir: As per your request, I herewith give you a brief re- 
 cital of my acquaintance and transactions with the Indians. Since the 
 year 1836 to the year of 1876, in. my early life, my lines were cast in 
 close proximity to the five civilized tribes and almost daily from 1836 to 
 1846 was among them, until I was perfectly familiar with them. In 
 the year of 1849, I was employed by the acting quartermaster of 
 the United States army at Fort Smith, Ark., in locating and hauling 
 supplies to the different government posts, located in the Indian 
 Nation and Texas, and was in such employ continuously for several 
 years and while in such employment, I became acquainted with the 
 friendly or the partly friendly tribes, to-wit: Caddos, Wacoes, Ton- 
 queays, Lipans, Delawares, etc. 
 
 In the year of 1852 or 1853 a man by the name of Stell or Snell 
 made a treaty with the Comanches and Kiowas and set up a trading 
 
202 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 post on the Clear Fork of the Brazos river half way between the 
 posts of Belknap and Phantom Hill, about forty miles from either 
 post. Shortly after Stell or Snell had established his trading post 
 and had got the aforesaid Indians to the number of 1000 to 2000 
 to come in, I visited the camp or trading post in company with 
 Maj. Albert Sidney Johiiston, who wa<s then pa^ymaster in the 
 United States army and paid off the troops at the following posts, 
 to-wit: Fort Crogan in Hamilton valley, Burnett County; Phantom 
 Hill, Fort Belknap, Fort Graham and Fort Worth. Major John- 
 ston remained in or at Snell's or StelFs trading post one day and night 
 and I studied the Indians very close as they were markedly different 
 in many respects to any Indians I had ever seen. They did not molest 
 us in any way but let us leave them in peace, but had they known 
 the treasure in gold and silver that Major Johnston had with him 
 this letter never would have been written; in proof, some short 
 time after they killed Mr. Agent, looted his camp and went back 
 to their former place and station. In 1855, Major Rough of the 
 United States Rifle Corps was sent out to guard the road from Fort 
 Clark to El Paso. I was sent with him. We had a fight with the 
 Muscalaries Apaches near Eagle Springs, and killed ten of them 
 and piled them up in one pile, and there was a marked difference 
 between them and the Indians that I saw at SnelFs or StelFs trad- 
 ing post in 1856. I quit the United States service and built a stage 
 stand to keep the men and mules of the Overland Mail that ran 
 from San Antonio to El Paso. My stand was at Fort Clark. One 
 night the Indians came in and stole all the mail, mules and all 
 the horses but one, and that one was mine, and a good one, which 
 was soon saddled and mounted and the news carried to the com- 
 manding officer at Fort Clark. He ordered a scout at once and we 
 
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 203 
 
 took the trail north, pressed it hard for thirty or thirty—five miles, 
 overtook them, had a fight with them, killed two of them, one of 
 them being dressed in my clothes that he had stolen out of the washtub 
 at Fort Clark. The guide or trailer on this occasion was an old 
 Mexican that the Comanches had stolen when he was a boy, and 
 they had made a slave of him for many years. He scalped the 
 dead Indians; he said they were Comanches and he wanted to get 
 even with them for their many cruelties while he was their prisoner. 
 They had the marks and peculiarities of the Indians that I saw 
 at StelFs or SnelFs trading post. In the year of 1857 I got married 
 and settled in Burnett County and went to stock raising, and from 
 that time on to 1876 was more or less in pursuit of Indians and in 
 that number of years I necessarily saw some dead ones and live ones, 
 and I pronounce all that I saw the same Indians that Stell or Snell 
 had made the treaty with, and he said they were Comanches and 
 Kiowas. In the spring of 1874 the State of Texas raised and equip- 
 ped a battalion of State rangers. I raised and commanded one of 
 the companies. My post of duty was over the counties ot Brown. 
 Coleman, Callahan, Runnels, Taylor, Tom Green, etc., and in the 
 first six months of my service I had six separate engagements with the 
 same tribes of Indians that I saw in or at StelFs or SnelFs trading 
 post. 
 
 Ask any old settler that you come in contact with if he had ever seen 
 or heard of the Big Foot Indian that made the big tracks for many 
 years over the counties of Burnett, Lampasas, Llano, Mason, San 
 Saba, Coleman, Brown, etc. I myself, as one of a parly have run 
 or trailed him many times before the Civil War, many times during 
 the Civil War, and on and on till the summer of 1874, when with 
 my ranger company we met him and his band in Runnels County 
 and the ranger charge was made in which the noted Big Foot 
 
204 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS 
 
 Indian fell and an old war scarred veteran of sixty or sixty-five years 
 was mortally wounded, and fell into our hands. I sp^ak the Mexi- 
 can language and I had a Mexican in my company that spoke good 
 English. The old wounded Indian spoke good Mexican and he 
 seemed to be willing and anxious to talk. My men stood around while 
 myself and Mexican Joe questioned him. 
 
 He said that he was a Comanche and his name was Jape or Japee, 
 that Big Foot, the dead brave was a Kiowa chief, and that they had 
 left J^ort Sill four or five days before. He said that he or they 
 had raided the settlements for many years, and that the many scars 
 on his person were made by white men in the settlements. He said 
 he helped to kill Wafford Johnson and family on Dog Branch, 
 Burnett County, the Blalock or Whitlock family near Llano County, 
 the Todd family in Mason County, and last. Bill Williams' family in 
 Brown County, in 1874. 
 
 He said that they had carried one of Bill Williams' girls away 
 off and hung her to a tree, which proved to be as he stated. 
 
 The way we put the questions to him in regards the killing of the 
 different families and his answers led us all to believe at the time 
 that he helped to do it all, as he could give the direction, the distance^ 
 the locations and the length of time, number killed, etc. He an- 
 swered every question as readily as he could, but one, and that was, 
 the name of his Big Foot Chief. He said that he was a Kiowa 
 chief but his name he would not tell. 
 
 We killed Indians of the same tribes while in this service at 
 different times and they all had nice red blankets branded U. S. 
 Truly yours, W. J. Maltby.