EXCHANGE EXCHANGE BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS No. 325 SIX ThViEo A MONTH EXTENSION SERIES NO. 45 MARCH 28, 191 The University Home and School League SECOND EDITION PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN, TEXAS Entered as second-class mail matter at the postoffice at Austin. Texas I.M XT \VL been or- ganized, the corresponding ithout de- :ie names ami ihe v officers and of the members of the committees of the 1 7 Sta- tion, Austin, whom ; o members of commit- tees, and other persons ly for advice, informa- tion, assistance, or lii phase of the work of the League. 450-314-7500-535? BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS No. 325 SIX TIMES A MONTH EXTENSION SERIES NO. 45 MARCH 25, 1914 The University Home and School League SECOND EDITION PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN, TEXAS Entered as second-class mail matter at the postoffice at Austin. Texas LC EXCHANGE V * . < * * * . w * * k '* * ."* '** .'- CONTENTS Preface Purposes of the University Home and School League ........ 9 Meaning of the University Home and School League .... 9 What the League Should Do for the Commmnity ........ 9 What the League Should Do for Country Life .......... 9 What the University Can Do for the League ............ 11 County and State Meetings .......................... 12 What the Community Should Contribute to the League. . 13 Desire to Help all Organizations ..................... 13 The Organization of the University Home and School League How to Begin ...................................... 15 Temporary and Permanent Organizations .............. 15 Hints to Teachers, County Superintendents, and other Leaders ..... .................................... 16 Activities of the League Agricultural Talks and Lectures ...................... 18 Exhibits .......................................... 18 Business and Co-operative Enterprises ................. 19 Local Talent ...................................... 19 The Teacher's Opportunity ........................... 20 Discussion of Public Questions ......... ............ '. . 20 G ames and Athletics ................................ 25 The Package Library ............................... 26 Parliamentary Drill ................................ 27 Newspapers ....................................... ,27 Music ..................................... ....... 28 Entertainment Features ............................. 28 Contests ................................... ! ....... 28 School Entertainments and Exhibits ........... ....... 28' Social Times and the Library ................... ..... 29 Home Welfare ........... .' ......................... 29 For Women 1. Study Classes .............................. 30 2. Lectures and Demonstrations ................. 31 3. Local One- Week School ...................... 32 Entertainments .................................. 33 Rally Contests ................................... 34 For "Girls and Boys ............................... 34 Bibliography on Home Welfare ..................... 34 Lectures ........................................ 37 Home Study for Members of League ...... .......... 40 4 CONTENT.-. General Suggestions to Program Committee Material for Good Roads Program 44 Subjects for Good Roads Program 4.~> Model Program for German Community 40 Model Program Banks and the Farmer 47 Model Program Marketing of Perishable Farm Products 47 Program on Rural Credits 48 Thanksgiving Day Program 49 Washington's Birthday and Arbor Day Program 49 Health Program 50 Better Country Homes Program 51 Improvement of Rural Schools Program 52 Program on Dairying 53 References to Literature on Social Center Work and Life ..; 56 Constitution for the University Home and School League. ... 58 DEPARTMENT OF EXTENSION OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION SIDNEY EDWARD MEZES. Pn. D., President of the University. F. M. BRALLEY, Director of the Department of Extension. SAM C. POLK, Secretary to the Director. L. W. PAYNE, JR., PH. D., Head of the Division of Correspondence Instruction. W. ETHEL BARRON, Registrar of the Division of Correspondence Instruction. CHARLES B. AUSTIN, M. A., Head of the Division of Public Wel- fare. GL S. WEHRWEIN, A. B., Lecturer and Specialist on Co-operation, Division of Public Welfare. E. D. SHURTER, PH. B., Head of the Division of Public Discussion. A. J. ROBINSON, B. A., Lecturer and Athletic Organizer, Division of Public Discussion. MARY E. GEARING, Head of the Division of Home Welfare. JESSIE P. RICH, B. S., Lecturer on Domestic Economy, Division of Home Welfare. FRANCES LOWEN, Lecturer on Domestic Economy, Division of Home Welfare. E. V. WHITE, Head of the Division of Information and Exhibits. AMANDA STOLTZFUS, L. I., Lecturer on Rural Schools, Division of Information and Exhibits. EDWARD E. DAVIS, B. A., Lecturer and Organizer of University Home and School Leagues, Division of Information and Ex- hibits. JOHN A. LOMAX, M. A., Head of the Division of Public Lectures and Publicity. A. CASWELL ELLIS, PH. D., Head of the Division of Child Welfare. N. L. HOOPINGARNER, B. A., Assistant in the Division of Child Welfare. THE UNIVERSITY HOME AND SCHOOL LEAGUE PREFACE Realizing the widespread need of a more 'generous use of the school house as a center for the expression of community interests and activities, the Department of Extension of the University of Texas has decided to assist in organizing and fostering the Uni- versity Home and School League. The economic, the educational, the social, and the religious demands of the people make necessary a closer co-operation of the school, the home, and the church of the community. This bulletin attempts to give helpful informa- tion for the community in which the people desire to organize a University Home and School League; and indicates briefly some of the service which the University, as the head of the public school system of the State, can render the organizers and the workers of the League. No attempt is made to treat the subject of the social center exhaustively in this bulletin, but enough information is given to be of genuine service to the people of any community who desire to better organize their business, educational, social, and religious activities. This work offers an especially attractive opportunity to the county superintendent of schools or to the teacher for wise, helpful and inspiring leadership in the improve- ment of the schools and in the improvement of community life. From time to time bulletins, leaflets, programs, and other helpful material for use in the University Home and School League will be issued by the Department of Extension. For advice, information, assistance, or literature with respect to any phase of the work of the League, the officers of the League, or other persons interested, should address E. E. Davis, University Station, Austin, Texas. F. M. BRALLEY. PURPOSES OF THE UNIVERSITY HOME AND SCHOOL LEAGUE MEANING OF THE UNIVERSITY HOME AND SCHOOL LEAGUE Obviously the University Home and School League means the co-operation of the home, the school, the church, and the other resources of the community for mutual improvement. Its busi- ness is concerned with every legitimate interest or enterprise of the community. Whether a general meeting of the people for business and social reasons, or an organization called the grange, the social center, the civic league, or the University home and school league, its means and objects are the same it is a bring- ing together of the people for intellectual improvement, for social recreation, and for community betterment. WHAT THE LEAGUE SHOULD DO FOR THE COMMUNITY The organization of an effective University Home and School League in any community is an invaluable asset to all the people. It deals primarily Avith the educational and social features of the local community. It disseminates knowledge among the people. It promotes the spirit of good fellowship. It furnishes an oppor- tunity to get acquainted. It offers an expression for the universal craving for companionship. It provides free and open discussion, and thereby opposes radicalism. It augments the spirit of co- operation, thus adding to the strength of the community's re- sources. It gives an opportunity for self-expression as well as an opportunity for all to learn what each knows best. It enables a community to study intelligently the most pressing needs of local importance. It helps the church, the home, the school. But it is more democratic than either the church, the lodge, or the school it is the non-sectarian, non-partisan organization of a sovereign democracy. WHAT THE LEAGUE SHOULD DO FOR COUNTRY LIFE No intelligent person now questions the statement that the country should be the most desirable place in which to live; and 10 Bulletin of the University of Texas there is no reason why living in the country should not be the simplest, the happiest, the most desirable life of all. During the past twenty-five years the emigration from the country to the town or city has been going on at an alarming rate. In many parts of the country the population of the rural sections is almost depleted. Investigations made by eminent au- thorities during the past decade generally agree that the one cause contributing most to this condition is the lack of social recreation. The old-time corn-huskings, log-rollings, quiltings, and other forms of community fellowship and co-operation, have passed away with- out leaving acceptable substitutes. If the depletion of the country of its best blood is to cease, and if the tide of population is to be turned back, there must be no stinting or starving of the social instincts. Organized effort must be provided to meet these fundamental needs of the home, the school, the church, and the other expressions of the people's social, educational and industrial needs. "Conference modifies and improves thought ; sovereignty comes with co-operation," says Pres- ident Woodrow Wilson. These are some of the things which the University Home and School League' should do for the country life of Texas. SCHOOLHOUSE THE PLACE FOR SUCH MEETINGS Men of the same community differ widely upon political and religious questions; but they do not differ upon the question of making the country the most desirable place in which to live. Where, then, should these community or neighborhood conferences be held ? The schoolhouse is unquestionably the logical place. It is the common property of all the neighborhood; and it is the only property which bears without exception this unique relation to the people of every locality. An astonishingly small per cent of the people make use of the school plant in the absence of community organization. "School- houses have become monuments of neglected opportunity. It is no exaggeration to say that in making the schoolhouse the forum of the people, lies the chief hope of perpetuating the republic and its institutions." Upon this point the following is an excerpt from an address delivered by President Woodrow Wilson before the First National Conference on Civic and Social Center Develop- , The University Home and School League 11 ment, at Madison, Wisconsin: "Is it not significant that this thing (the social center movement) is being erected upon the foundation .originally laid in America,, where we saw from the first that the schoolhouse and the church were to he the pillars of the Eepublic? Is it not significant that as if by instinct we return to those sources of liberty undefiled which we find in the common meeting place, in the place owned by everybody, in the place where nobody can be excluded, in the place to which everybody comes as by right? * * * And it seems to me that the schoolhouses dotted here, there and everywhere, over the great expanse of this nation, will some day prove to be the roots of that great tree of liberty which shall spread for the sustenance and protection of all mankind." The use of the schoolhouse of the community should not be lim- ited to one-fifth of the population for a short period during each year. There are more than nine thousand schoolhouses in Texas, and each is a potential factor for service in behalf of the four of every five persons who do not attend the public school in the average community. One State in the Union makes it compulsory upon the board of trustees to open the public schoolhouse for the various social center activities. The laws of Texas make the dis- trict board of school trustees the legal custodian of all school prop- erty, including the schoolhouse. The use of the schoolhouse for home and school league work is, therefore, a matter to be deter- mined in each instance by the board of trustees. Since school trustees are generally composed of the broadest minded citizenship of the community, and since there are no legal obstacles prevent- ing the use of the public schoolhouse for such purposes, no com- munity should experience difficulty in procuring the use of the schoolhouse for this form of social center activity. WHAT THE UNIVERSITY CAN DO FOR THE LEAGUE With the object of assisting in the organization of social center work and of aiding in the accomplishment of the aims mentioned, the University Home and School League has been promoted; and the University of Texas, as the head of the State's system of public schools, places the resources of its Department of Extension at the disposal of the people for this form of community service. Eepre- 12 Bulletin of the University of Texas sentatives of the Department of Extension will, whenever practic- able, make personal visits to assist in effecting League organiza- tions. In addition, visits to organized Leagues will be made by special lecturers from the several divisions of the Department of Extension, provided each itinerary may be made to include sev- eral Leagues. Lantern machines and lantern slides will be loaned to Leagues, county superintendents, teachers, and other responsible persons. Bulletins relating to practically every present-day sub- ject may be obtained upon request. Special attention and advice will be given to all inquiries with respect to the organization and the work of the University Home and School League. Other means of service are indicated elsewhere in this bulletin. COUNTY AND STATE MEETINGS In each county where two or more Leagues, are established, it is recommended that a county "country life and educational rally and exhibit" under the auspices of the Leagues and with the co- operation of the county superintendent and the public schools of the county, be held each year for one day, some time during the month of March. The rally and exhibit should include reports from the Leagues of the county, addresses on the work of the Leagues of the State and on the- educational and the industrial needs of the county, debates, spelling contests, declamation contests, educational and athletic contests, educational, agricultural, and industrial ex- hibits, a basket dinner or picnic. Merchants, bankers, lawyers, farmers, and other public-spirited citizens will be glad to offer prizes for the winners in the various contests. A suggestive pro- gram, with other literature for use at the rally and exhibit, will be furnished by the Department of Extension for 1914 and each year thereafter. The county superintendent of schools, by reason of his official position, sustains an important relation to all move- ments for the common gooH; and in organizing University Home and School Leagues and in assisting them in their work, he has an opportunity to render a distinct service in building up better public schools and in making a positive contribution to the social and the industrial betterment of his people. A State meeting of delegates from all the Leagues may be held annually some time during the month of May, beginning in 1915, at the riiivrrsity in Austin. This State meeting should partake of the nature of a The University Home and School League 13 "country life conference." and all the organizations and enter- prises in the State whose aim is to promote the social, the edu- cational, the religions or the industrial phases of country life, should be invited to co-operate by sending delegates. The program for the State meeting will be carefully worked out by the Department of Extension of the University with the view to serving the largest interests of the State and to making the meeting interesting and profitable for the delegates from the Leagues throughout the State. WHAT THE COMMUNITY SHOULD CONTRIBUTE TO THE LEAGUE Any community contemplating the organization of a University Home and School League should understand that the attitude of the University shall be that of general co-operation ; and that pro- grams and specific policies are matters which each League must solve for itself. The people of the community should realize their ownership of the League and their personal responsibility for its work. They should also know that they must contribute most to its success, notwithstanding the help to be given by the Univer- sity. They must appreciate the fact that the success of the League will in every instance be commensurate with the interest and co- operation contributed by the community. The community should therefore contribute its best thought, its finest spirit, and its most effective co-operative service to the University Home and School League, for by so doing it will make more satisfactory and more profitable community and home life. DESIRE TO HELP ALL ORGANIZATIONS In offering its assistance to the people of the State in the organ- ization of the University Home and School League the Univer- sity of Texas has no desire to destroy or to supplant any work heretofore done or now being done, the object of which is to im- prove rural conditions through the means of effective organization. On the other hand, the resources which the University has for promoting social center service are at the disposal of all communi- ties where poultry clubs, sewing circles, cooking clubs, agricultural clubs or other industrial club?, debating and literary societies, read- ing or dramatic clubs, mothers' clubs, musical organizations, farm- 14 Bulletin of the University of Texas ers' unions, or any other similar organizations that have been and are being maintained. In fact, it will be entirely practicable, and in many cases desirable, for some of the clubs or organizations here mentioned to be included as groups or auxiliaries within the University Home and School League. The University, in the broadest sense of the word, is a democratic institution, and hence, its Department of Extension desires to co-operate with all other organizations and institutions in promoting the good of Texas. The University Home and School League is intended to be co- operative in spirit and in work, and not exclusive. It will co- operate with all persons, factors, influences, and institutions whose purpose is to advance the welfare of the people by promoting com- munity co-operation, and whose ambition is to work in harmony with all to the end that larger, better, and more permanent results may be achieved. The vast resources of the State, embracing with- in its limits nearly five million people, three million of whom reside on the farm, and including over a million school children, seven hundred thousand of whom attend the country public schools, offer a field of service which is far greater than all organized agencies combined can reach effectively. The University recognizes and appreciates the great good that has been accomplished in Texas by the community co-operation movements, encouraged and assisted by other institutions and organizations and by many patriotic citi- zens. However, it appears that the time has arrived when the so- cial center movement in Texas phonld be given greater permanence and increased efficiency. Therefore, the University of Texas, as the head of the public school system, has undertaken to organize the University Home and School Leagues on a common basis throughout the State, to correlate the work of all such organiza- tions, and to give systematic, efficient, and helpful co-operation and leadership to the people in this important phase of public service. The University Home and School League 15 THE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNIVERSITY HOME AND SCHOOL LEAGUE HOW TO BEGIN The success of the University Home and School League will depend largely on the manner in which it is organized ; hence, the necessity for tact and good judgment on the part of those direct- ing the movement at the beginning. Kemember that the first part of this work is important and that it calls for wise, capable, and sincere leadership. With the sympathetic co-operation of the peo- ple, social center activity may be made useful and effective; without this essential element, failure will be inevitable. The teacher should, therefore, prepare, with the advice and help of the county superintendent, a suitable evening program, inviting the presence of the public at large, especially the parents of the community. (Use both the talent of the school and outside talent. Let the teacher or the country superintendent preside. Have appropriate talks from the county superintendent, a local minister, a school trustee, or such others as may be necessary. Provide for a reason- able amount of fun and merriment, so that the audience, both young and old, will be given entertainment and instruction. Where it is not practicable for the county superintendent to give advice and help, the teacher in co-operation with the school trustees of the district, should proceed with the work of organizing the League. TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT ORGANIZATIONS Temporary officers should be elected to serve only till a perma- nent organization is entered into. At this'time a committee should be appointed to draft a constitution and another committee to nominate permanent officers. The model constitution given in this bulletin may be adopted or modified to meet local conditions. The maintenance of a successful League will depend largely upon two things: first, the selection of proper officers and committees; second, the careful preparation and execution of good, wholesome programs. The appointment of a committee to nominate perma- nent officers and committees, as suggested above, will enable the 16 Bulletin of the University of Texas League to select its best material and prevent the mistake usually incident to hasty action. Suggestions as to the use of the programs are made elsewhere in this bulletin. The officers of the University Intersch elastic League, where such organization exists in the county, should assist in the organization and the work of the University Home and School League. By a sympathetic, active co-operation between these two organizations for the public welfare, larger results may be accomplished than could possibly be accomplished without such co-operation. HINTS TO TEACHERS, COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS, AND OTHER LEADERS The life of the University Home and School League may be dependent in a large measure on the interest and enthusiasm of the teacher and the county superintendent. This does not mean, of course, that they should assume the whole responsibility in di- recting such a movement. The particular functions to be per- formed by the teacher and the county superintendent are clearly indicated in the model constitution. As a guide to the teacher, the county superintendent, and other leaders, the following suggestions which represent the experience of social center workers are offered: 1. Let the beginning of the movement emanate from the school in the manner already mentioned. 2. Do not attempt an organization till the people are ready to respond. 3. In the inauguration of this work, it is better for the move- ment that no community be selected where open dissension prevails. 4. Inaugurate the work at first in a limited number of de- sirable communities three to five to the county being the number suggested. It is better to make the work successful in a few places than to attempt organizations where success is doubtful. Two or three enthusiastic, working University Home and School Leagues in a county will serve to convince the people of other communities of their value. 5. Begin the work with simplicity and modesty, making the first meeting a sample of all that are to follow. Eliminate spec- tacular features. The University Home and School League 17 6. Great care should be exercised in choosing leaders. There are citizens, men and women, in every community,, who, if they become interested, can satisfactorily and successfully direct the work of the University Home and School League. 7. The control of the League should be kept in the hands of the grown people. Voting and ofnceholding should be restricted to the older members, and ihe program should never be given over to the children entirely. 8. Do not allow the management of the League to become monopolized. See that the programs provide for the entire mem- bership. 9. An occasional meeting should be given entirely to the social side; but other meetings should not be given exclusively to this feature. 10. The program committee should see that each program is a creditable one, and that proper announcement is made of it in advance of the meeting. 11. The program committee should not include in the program such features as tend to incite factional feelings or prejudice. There is plenty of good material for programs. 12. It is suggested that the county superintendent make a list of suitable lecturers who reside in the county, and supply a copy of them to the corresponding secretary of each University Home and School League, in the county. 13. See that the questions relating to the welfare of the home constitute a proper proportion of the program. 14. Do not have regular meetings of the League oftener than twice a month. To hold meetings too often is one of the ways to destroy a good League. 15. The publicit}^ committee should see that the county news- papers get an account of each meeting immediately after it is held. 1G. The corresponding secretary should make a written report of each meeting to the county superintendent who should assist in giving publicity. Such news items require prompt attention on the part of the corresponding secretary and the county superin- tendent. 18 Bulletin of the University of Texas ACTIVITIES OF THE LEAGUE After the League is started the question naturally comes up as to what can be done to furnish programs and entertainment. Where all the people of the neighborhood, both young and old, and men and women attend the meetings, it is necessary to keep in mind the composite nature of the League. Therefore, programs should be made out so that they will interest all of these classes. Either a diit'erent kind of exercise should be given at each meeting; or, if the program is grouped around a central topic, it should vary from time to time. AGRICULTURAL TALKS AND LECTURES Naturally the first activity of the League will be that of the address. This may be in the form of a talk, a lecture, or a writ- ten paper, it is best to have it in the form of a talk. Even speaking from notes is not so effective as talking without notes. These talks may be on agricultural subjects. For this purpose the farmers of the community should be placed on the programs to talk on subjects in which they are interested and on which UM-V are well informed. If there is a farmer in the neighborhood, whether he is a member or not, who has made a marked success in any particular line of agricultural work, he should be called upon to talk at the League of the community and to give his ex- perience. After each talk it is well to give some time to the discussion of the subject presented. It is not necessary to hav- the farmer members .talk on farm subjects entirely. At one league in another State a farmer visited the city, and seeing a wireless telegraph in operation, came back to his league and gave a talk on the operation of this wonderful instrument. The talk was so inter- esting, so clear-cut and well prepared, that it is doubtful whether even an expert could have done better. EXHIBITS Another activity worth while would be the holding of exhibits at the League, to which the farmers of the neighborhood bring The University Home and School League 19 such products as oats, wheat, corn, cotton, potatoes, tomatoes, and specimens of other garden and farm products, to compete for sim- ple prizes. The exhibit could also profitably include poultry, hogs, cattle, horses, and other birds and animals. The products of the boys' and girls' clubs of the community should be exhibited in this way, and would thereby be made an attractive feature of the League. The women of the community should be given recognition in selecting subjects for the program ; and it might be advisable occa- sionally to devote an entire program to such social and economic phases of the home as would appeal to them. BUSINESS AND CO-OPERATIVE ENTERPRISES Possibly the first movements toward co-operative buying and selling, co-operative ownership and operation of gins and ware- houses, and growers' associations, may be begun at the League meetings, for here the farmers will have an opportunity to hear talks and lectures on these subjects by eminent authorities, which may be discussed and debated so that the members will become thoroughly familiar with these subjects before investing their money in such business enterprises. LOCAL TALENT Dentists, doctors, and veterinarians of the locality and of the county should be used in the work of the League. These men are of especial use on programs of special nature, as "health," "care of the body," and "sanitation." Is it not better to have the doctor come to tell us how to prevent disease rather than to call him to cure the disease? And generally he is willing to be of service to the community in this way. The local banker could talk on the operation of the bank. And in these days of popular discussion of the currency hill, postal savings banks, and other topics of a financial nature, such discussion ought to be very val- uable. There are always other men in the community who can be called upon for talks at the League. The county judge, the county attorney, the county health officer, the county agricultural demon- strator, commercial secretaries, local ministers, local merchants, members of the commissioners court, officers and leaders of farm- 20 Bulletin of the University of Texas ers' unions, officers of the Congress of Mothers' and Parent-Teacher Associations, officers of Federated Womens' Clubs, officers of the County Sunday School Association, workers of the Young Men's Christian Association and of the Young Women's Christian Asso- ciation, are desirable persons who should be requested to deliver addresses. Public officers can often give instinctive talks or> the duties of their offices, or on topics of State or national importance. In this connection it may be well for the program committee to use its own judgment, because there is danger that public men imiy use these meetings simply to further their political aims, and the program committee must know whom to invite and what talks these men should give. THE TEACHER'S OPPORTUNITY .Many of the problems of the school will solve themselves by an understanding between the parents and the teacher, and the League offers a splendid opportunity for the teacher to meet the parents of his pupils at the League. It has been conservatively estimated that four-fifths of the trouble in school is due to mis- understanding. In the League the teacher will have many oppor- tunities to inform the people of the work of the school arid to enlist their interest and co-operation. He can give talks on school improvement, new methods in education, and even conduct a class before a meeting of the League showing how he teaches. Furthermore, the League may organize a night school, a reading: circle, or group-study course, where the teacher may give a part of his time in teaching the men and women, and the older boys and girls who can no longer go to the day school, hut who are glad of the opportunity to better their education. DISCUSSION OF PUBLIC QUESTIONS It is a well known fact that public discussion is the very life of a democratic government. Such discussion goes to make up public opinion, and this in turn often becomes crystallized into law. So in addition to these talks on public questions by out- siders, the League can be of great benefit if it takes up the dis- cussion of these questions among its own members; for in these days of commission form of government, party primaries, and other The University Home and School League 21 political movements to bring the government closer to the people, it becomes necessary that the people be well informed on the ques- tions of the day. All these discussions should be informational, and not partisan. This feature should be made prominent in the League, as it will be the mean? of bringing together all the different factions, from laborers to capitalists, on a common ground to dis- cuss the needs of the community. In fact, the League or the social center is the only place where this can be successfully done. But, here again, the program committee must know the community; and where there is danger that rival factions and political parties may break up the League, it would be best not to attempt any discussion of a religious or political character. However, there are enough topics of a general nature, such as "good roads," "rural credits," "co-operation," "education," and the like, that can always be used. DEBATES, RECITATIONS, AND DECLAMATIONS Most public questions, as is well known, have two sides; and one of the best ways to study a subject is in the form of debate, so that the arguments for and against a proposition are brought out. It is a matter of regret that the old-time debating club has o-one out of fashion. Many public men in Texas today will testify to the benefit they received through membership in a debating society. In such societies men gain a knowledge of public ques- tions such as they can get in no other way. In order to encourage the study and debate of subjects of im- portance and of current interest in the League, the following questions for debate are suggested: 1. Resolved, That co-education in the high school is undesirable. 2. Resolved, That high school fraternities should not be allowed. 3. Resolved, That in the debates of the University Interscho- lastic League there should be no distinction between boys and girls. 4. Resolved, That Texas should abolish capital punishment. 5. Resolved, That all cities in Texas of five thousand popu^i- tion and over should have a Commission Form of govern- ment. 22 Bulletin of the University of Texas 6. Resolved, That a State Commission should- be created in Texas with power of compulsory arbitration of disputes between public service corporations and organized labor. 7. Resolved, That there should be a still further reduction in our tariff schedules. 8. Resolved, That Texas should have a compulsory education law. 9. Resolved, That Texas should have suffrage for women. 10. Resolved, That all immigrants to the United States should be able to read in some language. 11. Resolved, That Texas should adopt the Initiative and Refer- endum. 12. Resolved, That this city (or town) should own its own water- works or street cars, gas plant, etc. 13. Resolved, That a system of compulsory old age insurance should be adopted in the United States. 14. Resolved. That the Closed Shop is justifiable. 15. Resolved, That the annexation of Mexico to the United States would be to the best interests of both countries. 16. Resolved. That in our Penitentiary System corporal punish- ment should be absolutely prohibited. 17. Resolved, That the Honor System should be adopted in deal- ing with convicts. IS'. Resolved, That Texas should adopt Statewide Prohibition. If). Unsolved, That Texas should have a Constitutional Tax for the support of its institutions of higher learning. 20. , Resolved, That labor unions are more harmful than beneficial to workingmen. 21. Resolved, That the President of the United States should be elected for a term of six years and be ineligible for re- election. 22. Resolved, That the United States Senate should be abolished, constitutionality waived. 23. Resolved, That judges in Texas should be subject to popu- lar recall, constitutionality waived. 24. Resolved, That suffrage in Texas should require an educa- tional qualification. 25. Resolved, That the Monroe Doctrine should be abandoned by the United States. The University Home and School League 23 26. Resolved, That in criminal trials three-fourths of the jury should be competent to render a verdict. 27. Resolved, " That our legislation should be shaped toward the abandonment of the protective tariff. 28. Resolved, That Texas should adopt a system of the single tax, constitutionality waived. 29. Resolved, That Congress should be given exclusive jurisdic- tion of marriage and divorce in all the States, constitu- tionality waived. 30. Resolved, That the Texas Legislature should prohibit secret fraternities and sororities in the State institutions of higher learning. 31. Resolved, That our present policy of excluding the Chinese from this country is unjustifiable. 32. Resolved, That the United States should adopt a policy of gradually increasing our navy. 33. Resolved, That the rules of the Simplified Spelling Board should be adopted. 34. Resolved, That the United States should permanently retain the Philippine Islands. 35. Resolved, That an eight-hour day for common laborers should be generally adopted. 36. Resolved, That football should be abolished in the schools and colleges. 37. Resolved, That the doctrine of Christian Science is justifiable. 38. Resolved, That a business manager form of city government, as established at Dayton, Ohio, should be adopted by 39. Resolved. That the taxation system now in force in Houston should be generally adopted- by Texas municipalities. 40. Resolved, That all the large cities of the United States should employ women as well as. men on their police forces. 41. Resolved, That in all public educational institutions vaccina- tion should be made compulsory. 4'2. Resolved, That a man intending to enter a business career should take a general college course. 43. Resolved, That Texas should adopt a ]>lan for compulsory voting, based on a system of fine?. 24: Bulletin of the University of Texas 44. Resolved, That a national Progressive party should be main- tained. 45. * Resolved, That the United States should establish a protec- torate over Mexico until stable government is assured. 46. Resolved, That an honor system in examinations should K- adopted in this school. 47. Resolved, That high school studies, excepting English, should be made elective. 48. Resolved, That supervised gymnasium work should be sub- stituted for high school athletic contests. 49. Resolved, That students in the ward schools should be al- lowed to play on the high school athletic teams of the some town. 50. Resolved, That Rugby football should be introduced as a sub- stitute for "American" football in colleges and schools of the United States. Another feature of the programs of the League should be reci- tations and declamations. Here the younger people, especially the girls, will find a chance to do some work. It will be an oppor- tunity for them to gain confidence in themselves in speaking be- fore an audience. At least two or three of the meetings of the League durinir the year could well be devoted to either a formal debate or a free-for-all discussion of questions in which the community is in- terested, and the solution of which would be a real benefit to the community and the State. Such questions as that of Statewide- Prohibition. Woman Suffrage, Compulsory Education, Removal of the Constitutional Limitations Upon Tax for School Purposes, etc., etc., readily lend themselves to public discussion and debate. Local conditions will, of course, determine how the prornr:i should be arranged. One League, for example, could send a de- bating team to debate against the debating team of another LoMiruo. The League could also use the meeting in the preliminary tryout? for the annual debates of the University Interscholastic League. At another meeting the declamation contests of this League, for boys and girls, would furnish an excellent entertainment. In fact, wherever there are University Home and School Leagues covering a given county, it would be well for the these Leagues to take The University Home and School League 25 charge of the preliminary contests in debate and declamation of- fered by the University Tnterscholastic League. The contests of this organization are open to all the schools in Texas below col- legiate rank, and county officers are in charge in most of the larger counties. An annual county rally of the University Home and School Leagues might well be held also at the same time (the early part of March) as the final county contests of the Inter- scholastic League. This latter organization also has athletic con- tests among school boys and girls, and these contests, together with those in debate and declamation, would furnish a basis for an annual county rally of the University Home and School Leagues in the county, and enable the Leagues to introduce such other fea- tures at the county meeting as may be desired. GAMES AND ATHLETICS Since the play life of children is their point of strongest ap- peal, we must not fail to make provision for this feature in build- ing up the University Home and School League. In fact, intelli- gent direction of games and athletic contests will be the means o^ drawing old and young alike into the other phases of this work. First, there should be introduced, at every gathering, includ- ing the regular school sessions, those simple, not too competitive, playground games, in which all can take part. Games suitable for this are such as volley ball, the various forms of relays, potato races, Indian club races, etc. Detailed yet simple de- scriptions of many games of this class may be found in Uni- versity Bulletin No. 311. Then, there should be also provision for the more strictly competitive games for the best athletes, including girls as well as boys. There may be two divisions of athletic contests both for boys and for girls, into Senior and Junior, according to weight or age. For the Senior boys' divi- sion the various track events given on page 35 of University Bu'letin No. 274 will be suitable, with probably a baseball or a basketball contest added. For the Junior boys, similar track events, with the heavy weight events omitted, should also be pro- vided. For girls, the Senior division will want basketball and pos=-ihlv volley ball, with individual tests such as basketball throws for distance or accuracy, or pass ball relay, or a balancing contest, .added. The Junior girls may also have basketball, but volley ball 26 /iullclin <>f I!"' University of Texas should be preferred for them for the reason that larger 'numbers can play and it is not so strenuous. Then a relay race, each girl running thirty or fifty yards, a standing broad jump, a potato race, or shuttle relay, are other suitable events. University Bul- letin No. 311, on Physical Training and Athletics, gives sugges- tions for organizing the various classes of boys and girls in the different athletic and playground events. The main points to bear in mind are: (1). Provide for girls as well as for boys. (2) Emphasize those pimple yet popular games in which large num- bers can compete. (3) Look after the interests of the younger children as well as the big ones. (4) See that a few non-stren- uous games are provided for the grown folks. (5) Do not allow one game or one class of children or older ones to usurp all the attention or all the playing space. Contests in play and athletics should be put on at League exhibits and at the county educational rally and exhibit to be held in March of each year. THE PACKAGE LIBRARY For use in the study of a number of important subjects, the Department of Extension will lend to the League package libra- ries, including more or less material in the way of books, bulle- tins, pamphlets, clippings J'nnn newspapers, magazines and jour- nals, etc., with the understanding that the League is to retain tlie package library for a period of only two weeks, and that the postr..^ 1 or express must be paid both ways by the League and the package library returned in good condition. The following is the list of subjects on which package libraries may be obtained at the present time: 1. Banking and Currency Reform (intercollegiate debate). 2. Capital Punishment. 3. Child Labor. 4. Commission Form of City Government, 5. Compulsory Arbitration of Industrial Disputes. 6. Compulsory Education (bibliography and selected argu- ments). 7. Conservation of Natural Resources. 8. Direct Primaries. 9. Education (Selected Addresses on). The University Home and School League 27 10. Educational Improvement and Social Reform. 11. Employment of Women. 12. Federal Control of Interstate Corporations. 13. Free Trade vs. Protection. 14. Immigration (Literacy Test.) 15. Initiative and Referendum (intercollegiate debate). 16. Literary Societies (bulletin). 17. Municipal Ownership of Public Utilities. 18. Old Age Insurance (intercollegiate debate). 19. Open vs. Closed Shop. 20. Peace. '31. Penitentiary Reform. 22. Prohibition and the Liquor Problem. 23. Reciprocity. 24. Parcels Post. 25. Tariff and Free Raw Material. 26. Texas' Need of the Services of Higher Education (prize orations). 27. Trade Unions. 28. Woman Suffrage (bibliography and selected arguments) . These subjects are also suitable for debate. PARLIAMENTARY DRILL Another feature of the program that will appeal to many is parliamentary drill. The business meetings of the League should be conducted in a business-like way, and parliamentary drill will aid the members in doing this. Everyone 'comes in contact more or less with public meetings; and the ability to -express oneself and conduct meetings according to rules is often invaluable. The leader ought to take up this subject in a systematic way, con- ducting it as a class. He ought to take up the simplest forms first and gradually enlarge and take up the more difficult motions and amendments, etc., until the subject is mastered. NEWSPAPERS Some of the Leagues may have weekly "newspapers." This adds to the enjoyment of the evening. The "editor" gathers up the news of the week of the community, writes it up and reads it 28 Bulletin of the University of Texas before .the League. He has "editorials," and often jokes on the prominent members of the League. Of course, here, caution must he used to avoid unpleasant personalities. MUSIC Music should' be a feature of every program. The talent of the neighborhood should be enlisted. Besides the singing by the whole League, soloists, quartet?, the local band, and those who can play musical instruments, all should be given an opportunity to appear in public. This is not only very valuable training for them, but it adds to the enjoyment of the meetings of the League. ENTERTAINMENT Among the lighter features of the League's work may be men- tioned games of an educational character; and if the talent exists in the neighborhood, and there is someone who can direct it, a mock trial may furnish a good deal of amusement. After the League has become proficient in parliamentary practice, a "con- gress" may be held. This is done in the following way: The "House" is divided into two parts, the "Conservatives" and the ( ''Radicals," both of them of equal strength in numbers. A few "Independents" may vote either way. Both parties try to elect the chairman; and the one party will try to pass some "bill" over the other, while the opposing party will try to defeat it by voting it down, passing amendments, or arguing so eloquently that the "Independents" will come over to their side. CONTESTS Contests are always a source of instruction and entertainment. The old-fashioned spelling match ought to be revived. Adding, arithmetic, declamation, reading, geography, writing, and essay writing lend themselves to contest work, and may bring about a good deal of enthusiasm if one League is pitted against another. SCHOOL ENTERTAINMENTS AND EXHIBITS The school children may be enlisted to furnish songs, drills, dialogues, and charades to enliven the programs. Entertainmenls may be given and a small fee -charged, the proceeds of which may be used to purchase books, picture?, and other improvements for the school. The University Home and. School League 2$ Exhibits may be made of school work, sewing, cooking, as well. as the products of the boys' and girls' clubs already mentioned. SOCIAL TIMES AND THE LIBRARY At every meeting there should be a general social period, at a recess or after the program has been rendered, when all the peo- ple may meet in a genuinely democratic way. Light refreshments- and lunches will help the spirit of good fellowship. Special days and holidays should be celebrated by programs appropriate for the occasion, at the close of which many games and other entertain- ments in harmony with the day will suggest themselves. Box suppers, ice cream parties, barbecues, and picnics are forms of entertainment that can be adopted for use of such social gath- erings. Another form of entertainment is the play. There are always- enough young people in a community who are anxious to get up a dramatic club. The rehearsals themselves offer opportunities for social enjoyment; and the presentation of a local talent play causes more comment and enthusiasm in a neighborhood than if a professional company should put on a production. A play offers splendid opportunities for raising money for the purposes already mentioned. The teacher will find his time well repaid if he under- takes the coaching of a play in the experience he gains in such work and the opportunity to meet and help the young people of his district. These social occasions will afford an excellent oppor- tunity of raising funds with which to install a library of good books for use by both the League and the public school. The books and bulletins given in the list connected with suggested pro- grams found in this bulletin should be obtained for the library; and other suitable books for the school children and the peoph of the community, among which should be included a number of standard magazines and farm papers, should be procured. Upon request the Department of Extension of the University will fur- nish a list of suitable books for the library of the League and ths public school. HOME WELFARE The desire is to assist the home-maker as much as possible to make her problem? less burdensome and her home more attractive 30 Jinffcfiii of tJte University of Texas and efficient. Special interest is felt in rural communities because of natural isolation and the limited means of social and intellec- tual opportunities. Through these University Home and School Leagues many lines of work are offered to both women and children. A. For Women I. Study Classes The following topics can be studied by any woman of the League. Detailed bulletins of the work will bo sent from the Uni- versity free. Small libraries, useful in studying these courses, will be loaned; and helpful bulletins and a list of other books will be supplied. A University lecturer may be sent to assist in organiz- ing such classes, and as often as practicable speakers and demon- strators will be supplied to meet with the League. 1. Rural sanitation. (1) Water supply. (2) Milk supply. (3) Care of garbage and slops. (4) Toilet facilities. (5) Ventilation in the home. (6) Care of the home in time of illness. 2. Care of children. (1) Hereditary influences. (2) Feeding. (3) Physical care. (4) Clothing. (5) Children's diseases. 3. Foods. (1) General principles of feeding. (3) General principles of preparing food. (3) A study of the common foods. a. Nutritive values. b. Economic values. c. Meats, eggs, cheese, milk, bread, vegetables. d. Canning and drying. e. Preserving. The University Home ami School League 31 f. School lunches. g. Study of kitchen, arrangement, and equip- ment. h. Study of dining room, taste in furnishing and finishing, taste in preparing food and serving meals. 1. Economics of buying, and the rural stores. 5. Better babies' contest. II. Lectures and Demonstration Special lecturers and demonstrators, fully equipped with charts, lantern slides, cooking outfits, etc., may be obtained for special occasions, and offer the following subjects : 1. Foods. (1) Nutritive value. (2) Preparation. (3) Feeding of children. (4-) Rural school lunches. (5) Planning meals. (6) Serving meals. (?) Table etiquette. (8) Good and bad buying. (9) Woman's share in high cost of living. 2. Clothing. (1) How to dress the school child. (2) Cost of dressing school children. (3) How to buy good cloth. (4) Manufacture of textile fabrics. (5) Good taste in clothing. 3. Shelter. (1) How to plan and build a house. (2) A simple and convenient kitchen. (3) How to furnish a home. (4) Bathing facilities for the rural home. (5) Ornament in the home. (6) Household decoration. 32 Bulletin of the I'nircrsity of Texas III. Local One-Week School The school will be organized when desired in a county having three or more Leagues. The plan is to give each League one week's work,, hut not on consecutive days. The school will meet in one League for one or two days, and proceed to the next League for the next one or two days. This movement will continue till each League has had five day's work. Any county desiring such work must provide a place where the school can be held, must guarantee a class of at least twenty women at each League, and must provide entertainment for the teachers of the school. All instruction will be furnished free. The following program serves as a suggestion of work in a one- week school: First Day. 9 :45-10 :00 Opening exercises. 10:00-11:00 Talk on nutritive value of food. 11:00-12:30 Demonstration in the cooking of eggs and milk. 12:30- 1:30 Basket lunch. 1 :30- 3 :00 Sewing class. Use of patterns. Cutting out night dress. 3:00- 4:00 Bound table, at which all meet and discuss indi- vidual problems. 4:00- 6:00 Special work for children. 8:00- 9:00 Stereopticon lecture, open to everyone. Topic How to Secure Clean Milk. Second Day 10:00-11:00 Talk on meat cooking. 11:00-12:30 Cooking tough meat. Use of tireless cooker. 12 :30- 1 :30 Basket lunch. 1 :30- 3 :00 Sewing class. Cutting and fitting shirtwaist. 3 :00- 4 :00 Bound table discussion. 4:00- 6:00 Children's hour. 8:00- 9:00 Stereopticon lecture. Topic Use of Birds to the Farmer. The University Home and School League 33 Third Day 10 :00-11 :00 Food for children. 11:00-12:30 Cooking of vegetables and fruits. 12 :30- 1 :30 Basket lunch. 1:30- 3:00 Sewing class. Making the garments cut out. 3 :00- 4 :00 Round table. 4:00- 6:00 Children's hour. Fourth Day 10:00-11:00 Planning meals. 11 :00-1? :30 Baking breads. 12:30- 1:30 Basket lunch. 1 :30- 3 :00 Sewing class. Cutting and fitting plain dress. 3 :00- 4 :00 Round table. 4:00- 6:00 Girls' hour. 8 :00- 9 :00 Stereopiicon lecture. Topic Great Paintings. Fifth Day 10:00-11:00 Rural sanitation. 11 :00-12 :30 Canning and preserving. 12:30- 1:30 Basket lunch. 1 :30- 3 :00 Sewing class. Work continued. 8 :00- 9 :00 Evening party for all. Refreshments prepared by the women. Entertainment furnished by the children. IV. Entertainments Simple entertainments for afternoon or evening will be pro- vided, or plans for carrying out entertainment will be supplied when desired. Such entertainments as the following are sug- gested : 1. Victrola concerts. 2. Lantern slide lectures. 3. Outdoor picnics. 4. Special day parties. 5. Moving picture films, in small towns where electricity is available. 34 Bulletin of the ririvcrxity of Texas V. Rally and Contests It is desirable that all people connected with the University Home and School Leagues of each county meet together once each year, and bring to this meeting the interests of the year's work. At this time contests may be held and prizes offered. Prizes may be offered for the following: 1. Best loaf of bread made in bread-mixer. 2. Best sponge cake made by girl of twelve or fifteen. 3. Best out-of-door baking powder biscuit made by boy. Other suggestions for the county "country life and educational rally and exhibit" are given in this bulletin under the head in-;- "County and State Meetings." B. For Girls and Boys The Department of Extension will assist in organizing classes, will outline courses of study or of work, and will both by letter and by personal visits assist in organizing and conducting su- ful local classes as follows: 1. Cooking classes. 2. Sewing circles. 3. Athletics. 4. Dramatic clubs. 5. Girls' social clubs. 6. Boys' social clubs. 7. Poultry clubs. 8. Singing classes. 9. Bands. 10. Agricultural clubs. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON HOME WELFARE "The Care and Feeding of Children." L. E. Holt. 75c. D. Appleton & Company, New York, N. Y. "Boston Cooking School Book." Fannie Farmer. $2.00. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "Practical Cooking and Serving." Janet Hill. $-2.00. Whit- comb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "Food and Cookery for the Sick and Convalescent." Fannie Farmer. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. The University Home and School League 35 "Diet in Disease." Pattee. A. F. Pattee, Mt. Vernon, N. Y.' "Cost of Shelter." E. H. Richards. $1.00. Whitcomb & Bar- rows, Boston, Mass. "The Healthful Farm Home." Helen Dodd. Whitcomb & Bar- rows, Boston, Mass. "The Care of the Home." Clark. $1.50. Whitcomb & Bar- rows, Boston, Mass. "Furnishing a Modest Home." F. Daniels. $1.00. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "Fundamentals of Farming and of Farm Life." Kyle and Ellis. $1.25. . Charles Scribner's Sons, Chicago, 111. "Sanitation in Daily Life." E. H. Richards. 60c. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "The Primer of Sanitation." J. W. Ritchie. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "The Human Body and Its Enemies." Hartman and Bibb. 65c. World Book Company, Yonkers-on-Hudson, N. Y. "Shelter and Clothing." Kinne and Cooley. Macmillan Com- pany, Dallas, Texas. "Rural Hygiene." H. N. Ogden. Macmillan Company, Dallas, Texas. "Cost of Living." Richards. $1.00. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "The Family House." C. F. Osborne. Penn Publishing Co., Philadelphia, Pa. "House Sanitation." Marion Talbot. Whitcomb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. "The Modern Household." Talbot and Breckenridge. Whit- comb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. The following bulletins may be obtained free from the United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. : No. 154. Home Fruit Garden. 'No. 203. Canning Fruit, Preserves, Jellies. No. 73. Cooking Vegetables. No. 84. Potatoes as Food. No. 256. Preparation of Vegetables for the Table. No. 105. Cereal Breakfast Foods. Also Nos. 237 and 249. 36 Bulletin of the i'nirrrxity of Texas No. 281. Corn as a Food for Man. No. 93. Sugar as Food. No. 29. Souring of Milk. No. 42. Facts About Milk. No. 63. Care of Milk on the Farm. No. 363. Use of Milk as Food. No. 413. ' The Care of Milk and Its Use in the Home. No. 166. Cheese-Making on the Farm. No. 244. Food Value of Cottage Cheese. No. 87. Food Value of Eggs. No. 34. Composition and Cooking of Meat. No. 83. Fish as Food. No. 391. Economical Use of Meat in the Home. No. 121. Beans, Peas, and Other Legumes as Food. No. 122. Nuts as Food. No. 241. Butter-Making on the Farm. No. 112. Bread and Bread-Making. Also No. 389. No. 43. Sewage Disposal on the Farm. No, 296. Wells and Pure Water. No. 185. Beautifying the Home Grounds. No. 43. House Ants. No. 51. Cock-roaches. No. 71. Honseflics. The following bulletins may be obtained free from the Depart- ment of Extension of the University of Texas: No. 275. The Problem of the School Luncheon, Part I. No. 300. The Problem of the School Luncheon, Part II. No. 260. Food for Children. No. 303. Simple Cooking of Wholesome Food for the Farm. No. 276. Use of Food and the Proper Balancing of the Diet. No. 305. Cleanliness and Health. No. 282. The Principles of Menu Making. No. 278. Cooking Tough Meats. No. 319. Meat, Its Value as Food, and Its Proper Prepara- tion. The university Home and School League 37 LECTURES The work of the Department of Extension of the University is primarily educational. The lectures, therefore, are not merely en- tertainment,, but are designed to carry out into the State the in- struction available at the University. Every lecture offered pre- sents an appreciable, definite amount of information, and repre- sents the thoughtful work of a student who has specialized in his subject. It is believed that the people of the State will appre- ciate more the opportunity to secure reliable instruction along with entertainment than merely to enjoy an evening's amusement. Each speaker will attempt to present his subject simply and clearly, in a popular and not in a technical manner, so that the average audience may follow him readily and may enjoy, as well as be in- structed by, his .lecture. ILLUSTRATED LECTURES Many of these lectures are illustrated by means of the stereop- licon. The Department of Extension has a number of printed lectures that can be sent out with the lanterns, so that any person in the community can read the lecture and use the slides without- having present a lecturer from the University. While this is not as effective as a lecture fresh from the speaker, it will serve the purpose in many cases. In case of a lecture of this kind the Un - versity can furnish the lantern when asked to do so, but those secur- ing the lantern must provide for the electrical current and the management of the lantern. Where no electrical current can be provided, a gas tank will be sent with every lantern, which will probably be necessary in the rural districts. KINDS OF LECTURES The University of Texas aims to be of service to the citizens of Texas, and especially to the Leagues, first, by sending out peo- ple to organize these Leagues. For this purpose practically all of the members of the staff of the Department of Extension are avail- able. These people will come prepared to discuss the organization of Leagues, give practical suggestions as to the management of the activities of the Leagues and can furnish illustrated lectures on the social center movement in Texas and elsewhere, which will be an 38 Bulletin of the University of Texas inspiration to those trying to do this work. Secondly, tin- of the Department of Extension is to bring the University to ^iie people, and so naturally the whole resources of this Department are at the command of the Leagues. After several Leagues have been organized in one county, it will be a saving of money and time to bring several of these lecturers into the county at one time, who can then go from League to League to give their lectures and demonstrations. The following is a partial list of subjects treated by the lecturers of the Department of Extension : Agricultural Co-operation. Agricultural Credit and Finance in the United Stains and in Europe. The Social Center and its Work. The Business Side of Farming. Successful Marketing of Farm Products. Farm Accounting. A Series of Lectures on Health. Sanitation of the Home. Food for Children. The School Luncheon. The Country Boy as a Resource of the State. Rural School Efficiency. The Education of the Country Boy. The Intel-scholastic League. Child Welfare. Improved Schoolhouses and Grounds. The Public School System of Texas and Its Needs. The Value of Teaching Agriculture in the Public Schools. The Cultural and the Financial Values of Education. The Country Life Problem in Texas. Evolution of Breadmaking. How to Secure Clean Milk. Labor-saving Devices of the Home. Planning a Convenient Kitchen. The Value of Domestic Economy in Rural Schools. The Nutritive Value of Food. What We Eat How It Helps and Hinders Growth. What- We Eat How It Helps and Hinders Study. The University Home failure to contribute to such expense fund. ARTICLE IX QUORUM SECTION 1. Any ten active members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular or called session of the League. 62 Bulletin of tin 1 I 'Diversity of Texas ARTICLE X AMENDMENTS SECTION 1. This Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of the voting members present at any regular session. ARTICLE XI BY-LAWS SECTION 1. This League shall adopt such by-laws as may be deemed advisable by a majority of the members present at anv regular meeting; provided, that the By-laws adopted shall con- form to the provisions of the Constitution. IMPOKTANT Whenever a University Home and School League has been or- ganized, the corresponding secretary should transmit, without de- lay, the names and addresses of all the officers and of the members of the committees of the League to E. E. Davis, University Sta- tion, Austin, Texas, to whom the officers, the members of commit- tees, and other persons interested should apply for advice, informa- tion, assistance, or literature with respect to any phase of the work of the League. GAYLAMOUNT PAMPHLET BINDER ^ Manufactured bu | GAYLORD BROS. Inc. Syracuse, N. Y. Stockton, Calif. TJ- THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY