New \mtnerican ^S Nicholas Ward THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES n a/-'/ *** '*!& N EW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY: A System of Shorthand Writing adapted to Self "Instruction. NICHOLAS WARD. Naturam sequimur ducem, Artis non inopes, nee sine legibus. PHILADELPHIA : H. L. KlLNER & CO. PUBLISHERS. COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY H. I,. KII,NER & Co. YJ PREFACE. THE only apology for this little book is the conviction that shorthand is an art that has not yet reached its full measure of development ; and that, after an experience of twenty years with the more prominent systems now in vogue, it was judged better to incorporate the changes suggested into a new system of which they would be integral parts, than to try the thankless task of patching them on to the old. The new wine has a right to a new bottle. Were I to claim that "the system taught in these pages" >- is absolutely perfect ; that it is, beyond anything hitherto seen, : "the simplest, the quickest, and the best," I would not be - 3 doing any more than has been done by my predecessors, of ^ whom it must be said that they have not proven themselves " patterns of literary modesty. Whether the public will enter- 5 tain the same convictions as myself concerning the NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY, and whether the system will come mi unscathed through the fires of rival criticism, remains to be ^ seen ; but unless I believed that in some things it was superior to anything yet published, and for that reason a little worthier to become the Shorthand of the Futtire, this labor would never have been undertaken. 448388 THE ALPHABET. The letters of the stenographic alphabet are arranged in pairs, so that any letter resembling another in sound is repre- sented by a similar sign. A few of the letters are paired merely for convenience' sake. The little dots before some of the characters show where the letters commence. CONSONANTS. VOWELS. B and P 1 A long as in fate G and K ^ ^ e short fed Z and S ^ ^ E long r\ feed M and N _ i short ft fit D and T V and F / 7 I long O long O " fight foe L, and R ../s o short o for J and Ch W and Wh T r X \ a short OO o fat food H and Sh ^- ^ U long few Y and Th "^ ~. u short X fur Q ( Oi foil Ow o fowl NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. FIRST LESSON. DRILL ON THE ALPHABET. i. Silent letters are never written. In the preliminary exercises an asterisk will show what letters must be left out. For this lesson we will take the first four pairs of letters, and the circle- vowels. At first, the writing should be done quite slowly to cultivate accuracy; but as soon as some con- fidence is felt, the speed should be increased. Every one of the drills and exercises should be written very many times. Repetition will gradually engender speed. BPGKZSMN a 8 6 | *^s^>s~-\^ -- o O O B and P are always traced downwards ; all the rest, for- wards. G is always hard, and is pronounced gay ; it never has the soft sound of G in gem : for this J is used. Make the circlet for short A as small as possible (a tiny filled-in loop will do), and observe carefully the relative sizes of the other circle-vowels. Smallest circle-vowel representing short A. "I Cap Pack Ba * Gab x _ p NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Sam Can Back L. * Knack Nap Cab ~f Medium-sized circle-vowel for short O, and Au. These sounds are similar enough to warrant their being written with the same sign. Paw b Psalm * Palm * d- Calm * Balk * ^ Ma Gnaw Awes Saw Largest circle-vowel for long O. Beau Pope * Mow * Oak * Oh! so -O Q/ O Pok | Moan Mope Nose Soap Pose V ^- Cone Oboe P e T r\ Como vQ O Cocoa N NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. SECOND LESSON. ALPHABET DRILL, CONTINUED. Let us proceed to exercise upon the next four pairs of consonants, with the same circle vowels. Ch a 6 5 D V R J J // ( D and T are traced downwards ; the same holds for V and F, and for J and Ch. The letters L and R are traced up- wards. Bad Pad Dam i Vat Hog \Q^^s Shawl Wore X Though T\ Wrath x~> Yacht 1 *v Yawn ^ Show (0 Both A Quoth I 10 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. FOURTH LESSON. ALPHABET DRILL, CONTINUED. After the circle-vowels, come those represented by a half- circle, viz., long E, and long and short I. To avoid unneces- sary angles these characters are "tucked into" an open loop in joining with most of the consonants. j Bee J Feed 'Beef H Reap Cede xp Me Leaf Xj7 sea Deep A Cheat (\ In e Sick Kin *~^~ Sin s-* Kick *~^_s Rib Kill v^v^ Rid Kiss < ->-^ Writ I u Choir (f Chide J Ice Thine "V- Eyes ex ^ Tie ^ Hire Fight ^ Bite L Pipe NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. II FIFTH LESSON. ALPHABET DRILL, CONTINUED. We will now practice on long and short U. When long, this letter is traced either up or down, according to con- venience; but when short, it is always written downwards, and is struck from the left. It may be written as a short perpendicular stroke to insure better joinings, and is even sometimes disjoined altogether. You / Mute v Pew l Cute *-t Hugh ^ Accuse *-!% Cuba *~l News ^^^ Refuse "^C L I Tube 1 Rebuke Adieu J Bug l_V * >un ^- Much Puff L Gum >^ ^ Love 'I Bun K Russia x^o Run The last of the dash-vowels is OO long or short. It is written as a short horizontal stroke, and is often disjoined or omitted by reason of the difficulty of making good joinings. Food J Shoot S Stoop O Foot 4 Loop x Goose ^ ^"S I S^* Book L. Look X^ Sue ^-\. 12 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. SIXTH LESSON. ALPHABET DRILL, CONTINUED. We now come to the dot vowels. They consist of a heavy and a light dot, and represent long A and short E. Just because they occur so much more frequently in English than any other vowels, they can generally be omitted alto- gether, or else (long A particularly) be dotted on to the outline, as we dot our I's, when the word is written. Day ** Vary P> Stay O Bed Lead ) Ferry Stem s~\ Head Neck s~\ Said ^- Met - -, Pet ] # NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. SEVENTH LESSON. ALPHABET DRILL, CONTINUED. DIPHTHONGS. The last of the vowels are the diphthongs Oi and Ow, and they are written as combinations of a circle and half a circle. Oi is traced from above, and Oiv from below. Both of these signs vary a little for the purposes of joining. Boy Oily Poison Voice Foil Toil u Soil Royal Pouch Q) Vouch ttJ Couch > Fowl Towel Vowel Shower 14 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. EIGHTH LESSON. DOUBLE CONSONANTS. Just as we have blended vowels which form diphthongs, so we have double consonants (sometimes called consonantal diphthongs); and as the letters so blended have but a single sound, stenography tries to give them a single distinctive sign. All the consonants, except L and R, M and N, may be partially shaded to imply an added R, and wholly shaded to imply an added L,. II ^ ) ) I I I I +*~S **-S s*^, S~\ S -J I I Br Bl Gr Gl Zr Zl Dr Dl Vr VI r / v v* A' < ^ ^ c ( Jr Jl Hr HI Wr Wl Yr Yl Qr Ql | | ^ w, ^ r\ ) > 1 Pr PI Kr Kl Sr SI Tr Tl Fr / ( r ^ c N \ ^ ^ Fl Chr Chi Shr Shi Whr Whl Thr Thl DOUBLE CONSONANTS USED INITIALLY. Bright Free J Prize Blight (, Flee J Applies Fright (j Crime vjr Shrive Flight !, Clime ^~ Thrive Dream L. Greek ^x^ Breathe Tree j Gleain \*.S*- Freight * Greed NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Claw & Crash Creep **0 Crumb Grape **-^| Cream *-*l____ True Grace * -^ Cross ^-tT^ Shriek Grieve *^7 USED FINALLY. These double consonants may be considered as syllables, and be pronounced with E short, or any obscure vowel between the letters. Clover T Surgical C Washer ^ Bushel Iv Magical r Wisher I Logical - Metal ) Century '-Xi I Pressure i Southerly ~V Venture t Pleasure I Stranger ? Fiscal A Leisure X* Danger k Physical ^ Dictator * Liberator Pleader ^ Operator % Angel t Travel t i6 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. NINTH LESSON. DOUBLE LETTERS, CONTINUED. M and L are wholly shaded to imply Z>, and partially shaded to imply T. The same holds for N and R. So shaded, these letters may be considered as syllables, and are pronounced : Med, Met ; Led, Let ; Ned, Net ; Red, Ret, respectively. When a vowel intervenes between any of these conso- nants, it may be written last. This can occasion no confu- sion, as there is no such initial combination in English as LD, MD, &c. The full alphabetic form is preferable with the circle- vowels, and when D or T belongs to a separate syllable, as in mutter, middle. MD Maid -7- Mid , Meed j Trimmed j_ Dimmed J Damned ^1 Mood Mud Bermuda Amid Begrimed Mode O Maud > FULL FORM PREFERABLE. Mad , ^p Middle Muddle -7 MTMet NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Mute -r Meat Mate T- Might i"> Preempt JL-_ Exempt O~" Mitten ^ Mutton l - FULL FORM PREFERABLE. Mat -* Mote -P ' Metal -^ Matter ^ Motto -P Mottled -^f Mutter -j Moiety ? LD Led **** Lewd *^" Filed Lit S* ' Elite ****** Insult g-^ ^ The rule for writing the syllable LET, when by the letter M, will be given in Lesson 13. preceded FULLER FORMS PREFERABLE. Load -^H ? Latter n S^* Literal X^ Ladder -" J Later *^*' Loiter ^ Letter ^ "^ Litter X^* Lotus s& Exploit V """l |p Desolate ^^ Absolute AUot - ND Neighed . o "T Dissolute >-V. Obsolete \ Nude 9 Denied Need 5 NT Sent ^, Indent g ^ p 1 And Flattened i. L 5 Spent Splint T_ Bent '*1_^ Neat Intent 2, Mint a-. Night Node FULL FORMS PREFERABLE. _O Note Q Nod O NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Red X* Soured ^^a^ Bard Shepherd IX Showered v^a^ Guard Referred r Ride x' Board Hired ^ Rid X* Aired Lowered x"^ Ward ^ Preferred Root ^XJ Write ^-? Rate Rout X Writ X* Part Hurt \s Flirt ^ Dart Dirt -* Curt *~*S' Smart Rowdy Rode Wrote J- FULL FORMS PREFERABLE. Riddle X? Rot Rudder S\ Adroit 20 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. TENTH LESSON. LENGTHENED LETTERS. M, S, D, V, and L, may be made double-length simply to double the letter ; while M may be a little extended to incorporate a following N, and L, may be similarly lengthened to add R. Every other letter, when doubled, must be ticked. Member Deaden / Sister Remember -S* ' I Masses ^ -^ Sources Memory J -jS* Misses - . ^ Waltzes Dead / Moses . ^f X. Sorceres Men Parallel ^// Pedler German * 1 Roarer 2^^ S Pebble Demented * > ./ j Adorer s~/^ Pepper Amended * 1 Butler l^x^ Discoverer H NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 21 ELEVENTH LESSON. INITIAL AND FINAL S, WITH OTHER CONSONANTS. When S blends with another consonant, either at the beginning or end of words, without an intervening vowel, it is written as a loop, except before L, and R, in which case the full alphabetic form is used. Scorer CO^ Smart C ~ Joseph Snorer ct5^ Chasm ^-G" Usurps Squire c Smoke C Comes Rasp XI Snow C^ Judges Rasps xX Since X-T- 3 Charges Pence i, Snap c ^f Tassel Curse ^v^> Step Muscle 4 When final S is written as a loop, it may be shaded for ST. Enhanced ^-*-*> Glanced ^*^> Rinsed Chanced Against Danced Fenced Incensed Distanced 22 AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. TWELFTH LESSON. LENGTHENED LETTERS, CONTINUED. NASAL N. The so-called nasal sound of N, by which it is pronounced ING, is written by slightly lengthening G ; and if the sign be still further lengthened so as to equal the space of two G's, the combination INGK is figured. Should there be two ING sounds in a word, a simple G will answer for the second. NO Bag (2 / Sinning Bang \j ^ Singing Bank Sin Sing Sink Sinking Singe 7 Hang ING, when partially shaded, stands for NGR, or NGGR. ING, when wholly shaded, stands for NGL, or NGGL. NGL,R is simply an addition of R to INGL,E. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 23 NQR Anger ^___^ Linger /^ Stronger Finger \^ _^, Longer /^ Hunger In practical work, the G in all the above combinations may be replaced by K ; shading the double-length G may be preferred by some. NKR Anchor NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. THIRTEENTH LESSON. COMBINED CONSONANTS. If the alphabetic form of L, or R were rigorously adhered to when joining these letters to M or N (and vice versa), very awkward angles would result. These are altogether avoided by using the following forms, in which every combination of these letters becomes an easily written curve : RN LN RM LM; r f^ t r~ Ren L,en Rem L 2. RNT Parent r Rent Warrant -r Current v-y* Aren't 6 Tarantula ^> Burnt I- Weren't V* R-NT Affront t Rental (J Arrant O Different i Parental QJ Rennet ^ Difference i, Frontal &~t 3. LNT Holland V* Ireland (S* Hollander ^ Highland ^r England / *- _^J Islander y^ Scotland ^ i London /"*- / Colander u^ L-ND Leaned Loaned Maligned NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 4. LNT Lentil /"" Salient ^~> Excellent Silent s~~v Valiant ff Valentine ~ /-T Gallant ^~~^4 Lantern f (Slant) 5. RMD Warmed Wormed Y" Squirmed \f 6. RMT (Rarely used.) R-MT Dreamt Cramped 27 JT' Alarmed ^^ Harmed ^" Stormed (^ * Informed (Rhymed) (Roomed) 7. LAID (Rarely used.) 8. LMT (Rarely used.) 9. NDR Andrew Bender Binder Boundary Candor Commander Lavender Reminder ^ Remit Wonder Splendor Blunder Tender 28 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 10. NTR Anointer Q- <_^ Chanter j Hunter v_J Banter U) Daintier ^j Pointer (oj Canter \j^ Entrance ^~^ Splinter N-TR vAll words in INTER, INTRO. latory 12. NTL Antelope *^S* Antler n ^/ Rental Cantelope Dental ^_^X Lintel /" """" Ventilator N-TL, All words in MEN-TAL, NENTAL. Q^/ **{_** Frontal rJL^S Tantalize o^*^ ^-^ . NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 13. MRD Hammered Va _ V Glim- *^x J Humored mered o Demurred < J Stam- ^ , J Enamored l. mered Rumored xl- ^ Marauder . V Simmered M-RD Murder ^ Murdered - Marred Murderous ^ Meridian Admired ^ Meridian ^ 14. MRT Samaritan Q _ -^ Merit .. _ x Immor- T_ -^j tal 7 cx^ Martin MX Meri- -^ Mor- torious tality >^ Mailed ^ X Untram- Jj ^ 15. MLD Enameled , tneled 16. MLT Melt -^ Multiple ^ -s Multi- *- pX/ 7 tude / -AS Melted - ^/ Multi- plex 30 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. READING AND WRITING EXERCISES. Short, frequently-recurring words are conveniently repre- sented by a few of their letters, and are called word-signs. The very short light stroke representing "the" is purely arbitrary ; it should make a sharp angle with the word to which it is joined.. In the following exercises, use the word-signs for all words printed in italics. All words connected by a hyphen are intended to be written together without lifting the pen. Should the omission of an obscure or unnecessary vowel cause difficulty in reading, supply short E. The period is written thus x ; other points, when needed, as in longhand. When the article "a" is pronounced short, it must be so written. Proper names are underscored. Words marked with an asterisk may be written with the shaded con- sonant, and without the vowel. The key to the first reading exercise is the one in ordi- nary type immediately following. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 31 Reading Exercise 1. (Circle Vowels.) Word Signs. The - To ^ With \ Up | Me Of O Will /\ That ~\ Writing Exercise 1. I. 77; //^-old cloak. 12. 7)&^i? road. 32 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Reading Exercise 2. (Circle Vowels.) Word Signs. All O Do J Me, My And _ God v ^ Not 1 I Heart V Be, By, 1 I Heart V Or X Buy J Care **s You, Your x Writing Exercise 2. i. 7%^-road to-the- heart. 2. 77z^-narrow path of -life. 3. Harry read* a-paragraph of-lhe-book. 4. 7% editor* wrote a-capital* article* for /Mother* paper*. 5. Charles decorated* //jtf-hall ze/^ flags aw^ flowers. 6. See //// lone cliff by -the shore. 7. 77/ still, small voice. 8. Love God with-all-your- heart and soul. 9. Do-not roam so far, Paul ; you-do-not know //^-road. 10. Will-yon take care of -me? NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 33 Reading Exercise 3. (Circle Vowels.) \ Ever / Has VD Our For / His, is But 1 Give, God V. S In ^ io Writing Exercise 3. 1. 77/-SIGNS. As the very idea of a word-sign is a short form for fre- quently-recurring words, and those of awkward formation, the student can easily supply himself with what his particular line of work may call for. With the salient consonants and con- nective vowels a list of any length may be made. As a rule, however, the less the memory is hampered, the better. The following list will meet all ordinary requirements. They should be carefully copied, and written over and over again, the pupil meanwhile pronouncing the English equivalent. These word-signs may be freely combined with each other to make compound or derivative word-signs, care being taken to keep the original form intact. Under this caption are arranged for convenience' sake some words usually written without vowels. i. SIMPLE ALPHABETIC LETTERS : VOWELS. Have o If > How, out /& All, of o I, high o Who - of all Employ & (The) \^ In You, your ^ 36 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 2. SIMPLE ALPHABET LETTERS : CONSONANTS. J What \ L Be, been, but (body in comp. Put, up Give, good, God Could, count (come in comp. Is, his, as as is is his Me, my, most (most in comp. On L series Able, bill Principal, pie Glad, glory Do, done It, to Ever, every For, favor Lord, will Are, or, our Which, each ( We, with, would \ Just we would ^ would we *-\ (ward in comp. 3. SIMPLE SHADED LETTERS. R series I Brother 1 I Proper i ^^ Great ^ -^ J He, him, heart / (hand in comp. I She, should, wish L. , (short in comp. / Young J They, them, than ~) (thing in comp. c L, M, N, R. Not .^ And ^. Says s > Call Sell, sale Deliver Tell, till, telegraph Value / ) Truth Very ; / Feel, full / From, friend / Child C Jury ( Well, will N Were, \ Whole, help V. Where \ Shall C Her, hard ^. Quality, equal ^ Share c Y'ear ^ , Their, through Choir About Above According Acquaint c 8 4. MISCELLANEOUS. After / Any A Afternoon Hereafter Always Because Believe Between u 448388 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Beyond W Country *^/i Whatsoever V^o Body Course v.3 Expense / Anybody | Discount iJ, For Everybody X During J^^- Forever / Nobody Earth "?y Forevermore f^_j I Busybody ^~p 1 1 Business \^ ^ Energy "7^ Enough f* Before Therefore \ Can s^ Enquire ^ Wherefore V Character *-s\S Ever Form Character- \-A^A^ Whichever / Firm ^ istic _ / Church f Whichsoever ^^ Infirm ? / w Come Whoever 7 Form 1 Become O / Whosoever j Inform ft- Income ^/ Outcome 9L_y Whosesoever "ViO Whomsoever ' / O^ Reform Formality t> Shortcom- x_>\^ ^ ing / However 7^ Foreman ^- Conduct v^- Howsoever / &~*r~* Foeman / I (7 Conscience ^_ Wherever "V Foremost S' Name t Public Insurance ^ Never / Publish Important *") Improper ^ Newspaper Object I Purpose Question Improve- ^ ment Judge ( Lady X^ One Any one % Every one / Railroad Railway Relative Language j/^ No one O Reply !> 4 o NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Regret /K-' Stand ^ T P, 1 Sake ^^f Notwithstanding \s~\ Upon L Self Understanding k~\ Upward L Himself Vx-> Still x-v Usual t. Herself Vw^N Strength .^ Various A Myself _ ^^ Strong ^'j O^ _^S Was v> Yourself **\ Subject Where Yourselves A^^ Such ^ Anywhere "\ Self-evident /^ A Self-love *^// That > Thing Elsewhere /^ v. / Everywhere A Sister ^ \ Anything "~i Nowhere _O Society s~ft~) Work N ^^> Some *~\^ Nothing v World > X Sometimes x"\___ Something ^^^ Write ^ ? Speak '"j This TN Written ^ <*> Speech O Time ^J Yesterday ? Special O United States ^-^ J Spirit -^^ U. S. of America y^j ^ NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. SIXTEENTH LESSON. PHRASE-WRITING. I have been We have been They have They have not They would be They would have been We should be I can I could I do I did I shall I am I have done I have had I. COMMON PHRASES. He has been I must do I might be Let us not I cannot He will not What do you think ? What do you do ? What do you say ? As well as As good as At last To which For this For these y s 6 ^ NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. It is It is not This is That is In this case In no case In any case In all cases For the sake of In the name of ? (*) In the following phrases the particle that intervenes be- tween the principal or contrasted words may be omitted. By and by More and more I/ess and less Higher and higher The Kings of Kings The Lord of Lords From day to day Heaven and earth Day and night Old and young Far and near To and fro Y r es, sir No, sir ^ Dear Sir Gentlemen Kind Fiiend My dear Friends 2. BUSINESS PHRASES. JL My dear brethren / Dearly beloved b'r'n Judge and jury NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Gentlemen of the jury ( Yours truly 43 Ladies and Gentlemen I am in receipt We are in receipt .... of your letter .... of your favor .... of your order We have received your order J Yours respectfully Yours very truly Very truly yours Very respectfully We remain Your obedient servants "V / / L_ O GENERAL CONTRACTIONS. Some words are half head, half tail, and no body ! Take the word multitude for instance. Here the head or prefix is mulfi, the tail is tude ; and that's all there's to it ! If all long words were of this pattern, stenography would be charmingly simple. Take another instance, contradiction. Here the prefix is contra, the body is die, and the termination tion. Now, the general principle is that stenography furnishes contracted forms for the prefixes and terminations of words, but only useless or difficult letters are omitted from the body of words. In stenographs, however, the whole word is con- tracted, so that only the leading part of it is written. In the following chapters, the whole subject of contrac- tions will be taken up in the following order : i. Termina- tions ; 2. Prefixes; 3. Letters Omitted; 4. Stenographed Words. 44 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. SEVENTEENTH LESSON, I. Ary TERMINATIONS. Lessly / 9. Ful / 17. 2. Ble 1 10. Hood V 18. Ment 3- 4- Bility Dom J J ii. Kind ^/ 19. 12. Ity ) 20. Nent j_ Ness __ 5- Dence JL 13. Lar S 21. Ship L 6. Egy C X? 14. 1/anty /^ 22. Tial C 7- Fie / 15. Less /S 23. Tude / 8. I. Fical Dilatory 6 *r Z*^> 1 6. Ly /^ 24. Ward X Ability 2. Commend- . 3- able Dormitory January f 06 Companion- V ""1iO able d ~* T Compatible M Legi- bility Proba- bility Stationary Laudable Y '\ NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 45 4- KiD d! m "^ 9 Thral- >^7 dom / Helpful Handful S " Singular Wis- dom ^ Thankful ^^ I4 ' Singu- larity ' T? p Infinity 2- Manly / Scien- ^j-7 tific / Angu- larity Z^~ Terrific ^ Rascality /!** 17. Fear- / ^ lessly 8 . Geograph- ical 0^-3. Ocular o^ Base- ment Philo- l/^^ Tubular q sophical * Conceal- ment Pontifical ^ Regular ^ ^ ^ i K~\___ 46 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 19. Continent / \ . 21. Owner- 0>L Fortitude ship Impertinent J^ S**' Adjacent (_/""" Work- manship Friend- ship C Gratitude Consti- tute ^* Consistent *-*' * j Institute L. Consistency *~/*~ ) 22. Essential ~x Consistently ^_^~~~~ jX" Partial ^\* Confusion f, Eiysian /V X Combustion |^ a Musician Suggestion Sebastian NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 47 EIGHTEENTH LESSON. 1. Ad 2. Ante -i 3. And J 4. Circum 5. Com, Con 6. Counter - 7. Contra - 8. De 9. Dis 10. Em, Am PREFIXES. 1. SIMPLE PREFIXES. ' ii. En _ 21. Per 12. Ex \O 22. Pro t 9 13. Extra .... 23. Sub s "^ 14. For, Fur / 24. Subter ^ 15. Fore (J 25. Super c) 16. Hypo 17. Im, In 1 8. Intro J6. Sus ^- - 27. Trans v 28. Un / 19. Magni .... 29. Under \ 20. Multi j.._-^ 48 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Addition -X Continue ^ / Emphasis < s ; Advise / Construct ^ Emphatic " a' Adjourn r* Advent Z- Countermand Endeavor / Antecedent J Countermarch Contribute n Enemy -^ ^ Engage -N^ Antedate V Contradiction ^/ Exceed ^--**p Antidote T Contralto ^ Excise N_^* N Antithesis A. Contrariety ^ Exercise \^s~-^ Exotic ^O Circumspect O" Deface i Explain v \ Circumstance ^\ Circumvent / Describe Distract t! Exagger- ]f ate Expel ^^j District x^ Common *.-f? Distort Extravagant r Commune v^O ; r^^**^i. ^*1 Disgrace ^J ) Exterminate ^~/ Comply \j ^4 Compound I Embassy ~K Extricate J Content ^2. Embrace -~u Forgive <. s NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 49 Formidable / p Foreign /^~ Foreigner j_^ Immense 1 ^ Permit Persecute Peremptory PrScgdents Precedence Incapacitate (T^l Inherit X^. Inspire I/ Foremost ^ Foretell Cj Intellect ^ Instruct ^^ Instrument ) ^ Intone ^~ Preoccupied Presume Furnace r^~^ Furnish /^V_ Probate Profound Proj ect Hypothesis ^S~ Introduce Q' Hypothe- j^- cate J^ Hypocrite x In term i- 2. nable Intermittent ^ Promise Submissive Subterfuge Impose 'I Magnani- ~^ mous Improper ^ Impropriety r \ Image 7^ Imitate ^ Magnificent _ Subterranean Supersede Superfluous Superlative Multiply ^/ Multitude __^ / ) 50 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Insuperable jp Transact Transient /- "s oLx Untold c^-i Under- ^ estimate Susceptible P Transcend J-^ Understand Suspect Suspend ^\. Intrinsic Jt Understood Misunder- stand *" Suspicious *~~ ~~*\ Unnecessary Unparalleled t 1 Underfed y>^ Undertake 2. COMPOUND PREFIXES. Discon, m Ji Recom, n X " Unfor Imper ft Redis ^} ^/^ Unim, n Inad . Unex- ^ ampled Discontinue JLn Noncon- ~~J formist C^ Unexcelled Imperative d Recognize X*-Q ^ Unfortunate Inadmissable 'ft ^ Recommend /* O Unforeseen i 1 / Incomplete ^-4 Reconcile / *-^~Y Unfurnished Incontestable 3-^ Reformation "/ Unimpor- tant Inexperienced 12345 67890 27 million 13 hundred V N> $35-19 Five-sixths Three-quarters, three-fourths s Seven-eighths ^v-^ First, firstly Z, Third, thirdly ** Tenth ^> 58 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. EXERCISE ON THE FIGURES. 1. A stitch in time saves nine. 2. Take care of the cents ; the dollars will take care of themselves. 3. A cent wise ; a dollar foolish. 4. He took a five-mile run to jump over a creek ! 5. What is the interest on three hundred and seventy- seven dollars for three years and a half, at six per cent? 6. The sermon was on the twenty -fifth chapter of St. Matthew, from the first verse to the thirteenth. HINTS ON JOINING CONSONANT OUTLINES. Obscure vowels, that is vowels pronounced indistinctly, need not be written, save when their insertion will insure greater legibility and speed. When a vowel intervenes between S and a following con- sonant in an initial syllable, the full alphabetic form of S is written ; when there is no vowel, S is written as a loop, except with L and R. When RR, RL, FF, or FV, are written together, the outline must be ticked to guide the eye ; such tick often be- ing the intervening vowel. When writing vowels in the outline of words, awkward joinings must be avoided ; and when no easy way offers, the vowels must be omitted. This is especially the case with the NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 59 dash-vowels ; the circle-vowels need scarcely ever be disjoined or omitted, since their very purpose is to facilitate joinings. The circle-vowels are to be written generally on the in- side of curves, on the upper side of horizontal letters (M and N), and on the right-hand side of perpendicular or slanting letters. When a straight line is joined to a curve, that join- ing is to be preferred that requires the fewest pen-strokes, and looks the neatest. In a few words (like divided), when the entire outline would encroach on the lower line, the last syllable may be written alongside. In verbatim work, however, this is rarely, if ever, necessary, as a legible stenograph of a long word does not require the whole of it to be written. 60 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Reading Exercise 5. V - v I /- > L /r cK ); xr " y^ / ' rf* "V S-\-<^< ( 2. ^_,, / ^J *^f ^V. N ^ V' ^y^ y -ws J >v~, x9 ! I X T NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 6 1 Key to Reading Exercise 5. 1. Beyond the stars there is rest. 2. Experience is the extract of suffering. 3. United we stand, divided we fall. 4. Youth should be a savings-bank. 5. Genius begins great works : labor alone finishes them. 6. A little suffering here below : an eternity of reward hereafter. 7. Smiles are the language of love. 8. There's nothing true but heaven. 9. Small things are best, grief and unrest To rank and wealth are given ; But little things on little wings Bear little souls to heaven. 10. Alas ! how easily things go wrong ! A kiss too much, or a sigh too long ; Then comes a tempest with blinding rain, And life is never the same again ! 11. A little heat that can't be beat, A window opened wide ; A little breeze, a little sneeze, And you're the doctor's pride ! 12. For a third-class joke, many a man has lost a first- class friend. 62 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 13. The snows of age fall slowly, but they never melt 14. God made the country, man made the town. 15. One along with God is a majority. 16. Gratitude is the memory of the heart. 17. Wake not a sleeping lion ! 18. A goose's quill often hurts more than a lion's claw ! 19. After speech, silence is the greatest power in the world. 20. Be silent, or say something better than silence. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 63 Writing Exercise 5. 1. It is better to know than to think. 2. To think is like gathering flowers : to speak is to weave them into garlands. 3. Writing with a pencil is like speaking with a low voice. 4. Mere kindness from some is more than love from others. 5. We are always looking into the future, but we see only the past. 6. Make up your mind to do a thing, and you will succeed. 7. With God's presence and God's promise, we can afford to be cheerful. 8. A spark may set a great house on fire ; and a fit of anger may ruin your whole life. 9. The latest from France Love at twenty is a pleas- ure, love at thirty is a necessity, love at forty is a habit. 10. Johnson said that every man is a rascal as soon as he gets sick. IT. There is no limit to the age at which a man can make a fool of himself. 12. It does not make much difference under which planet a person is born, as long as he keeps on the earth. 13. Every animal has an enemy in the shape of another animal of a different species ; but man's worst enemy is man! 14. Man wants but little here below, nor wants that little long. 64 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. GENERAL DRILLS. The student must remember that one's ability to write any spoken sentence rapidly and legibly, depends on one's previous ability to write correctly the individual words of which the sentence is made up. To cultivate this readiness, correctness and speed, the 'following general drills should be written, first from the student's private study, and then from moderately rapid dictation. In special or difficult words, the letters that may be omitted are marked with an asterisk (*) ; blended and double letters are marked with a bind ( ) underneath. i. BR and PR, initial. The partially sJiaded consonant is to be used. See Eighth Lesson, page 14. Breeze break brain broom broach broth brass brown broil bridge brag brandy branch bronze bribe brew brow broke * brook. Prim prince probate propose prepay produce prodigy pretty precious press prize prime prosy. When a vowel occurs between B and R, R must be written in full, except in proper names. Burrow borrow berry burnish bargain barbarian barefaced *-_ '* ** ** barbecue barnacle barrack boorish. * * -^^ -^-s * * Birmingham Burlington Bartholomew. * * a. The initial syllables par pir por pur must be written injnll. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 65 b. When per is a prefix, R is omitted before S, M, N, D, T" t and is ivritten before all the other consonants. c. When per is not a prefix, R is written in full. d. In any case, when a vowel (that is written} comes after R, tJien R must be written separately. b l ) R not written : Perceive percentage perdition peremptory permanent permission permissable permit permute * ** permutation pernicious pertinent pertain pertinacity * N * * * perturbation. b-} R is written in full : Percolate perchance purchase percussion perjury perfect perfidy perforate perform performance * * * * * * * * * * * * perfume perfunctory perpendicular perpetrate perpetual perplex perquisite pervade pervert perversion perverse. * * * * - . i , < c.} R is written in full : Perch pert perry. d.) R is written in full: Perennial peril period perish * *. . peruse perambulate perhaps. BR and PR, medial and final. (Shaded letter?) Amber arbor barber bibber bribery cambric chamber ember * embrace embroider fabric fibre harbor labor liberty library lumber member membrane robber rubber sabre sombre Tiber . . * timber tuber. Approach caprice copper deeper keeper leaper leper moper nippers pepper peeper piper reaper shipper shepherd sleeper stopper tamper temper toper torpor vapor viper wrapper whopper. 66 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 2. GR and KR, initial. Grab grand granary granite gracious grain graven gravity greedy grieve grin grip grow groan groom grunt. Creek creep cream crease crow croak chromo crab crop cross crag crack cry crew crash chronic crutch. GR and KR, medial and final. Aggravate agree chagrin degree diagram epigram * monogram negro phonograph telegraph. Broker croaker cracker crockery decree democrat encroach * euchre lucre joker lacquer liquor ludicrous maker mocker}' sucker talker thicker walker New-Yorker. 3. DR and TR, initial. Draw drawback drawn drank drink drunk drag dram * drum drear drake drainage dross drove draft dry drive drivel # x_x drop dropsy drowsy drench. Treat treatise train trick trim track trap trash tramway * tribe trade trapper trooper true trill trough trait tread tress trench trinity tragedy trophy. DR, TR, medial and final. Adder address bidder chowder fodder ladder madder madrigal rider ruder sadder cider solder shudder spider. Altar actor atrocious batter better betray carter crater chatter charter daughter debtor doctor entreat entry factory fighter fitter gaiter gutter hater hatter heater halter hotter caterpillar cutter latter litter loiter matter mutter nectar * * * nocturnal orator patter penetrate porter portrait pewter putrid retreat retrieve Saturday scatter spectre stutter sultry. XKW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 67 4. VR, FR, medial and final. Braver carver cover engraver giver liver lover overbearing * overlook rover quiver saver savory. * * -- Africa camphor coffer differ defraud diaphragm gopher * heifer loafer offer rougher safer suffer cipher tougher wafer zephyr. 5. SHR, initial, medial and final. Shrank- shrink shred shriek shrive shrine shrill shrewd shrub shrug shroud shrapnel ; assure beneficiary brochure commensurate censure cynosure embellisher enshrine finisher furnisher harsher insure judiciary polisher pusher rasher tertiary tonsure varnisher ; azure exposure glazier enclosure leisure luxury measure pleasure seizure treasure. 6. MR, NR, initial, medial and final. Mercy merit mercury merge morbid mordant morgue * -^-s mormon morning morphine mortal mortification mortgage murmur. Calmer dreamer drummer enamor framer grammar * hammer humeral Homer lamer memorable numeral palmer ^_^s * plumber rumor summer timorous tremor trimmer tumor. * Anarchy banner corner enervate enormous gainer ignorant manner meaner mariner mourner nerve nerves nervous * nourish north owner honor spinner stainer runner tanner * tenor tuner. 68 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 7. THR, initial, medial and final. Author bother brother ether father feather gather heather hither lather mother neither nether thrash throb throne throng other rather weather whither zither. 8. BL,, PL, medial and final. Amiable audible bauble bearable bubble capable eatable * * edible estimable gable garble horrible label libel noble payable * ^.^ * * quibble stable tableau terrible trouble variable. ^ * * Chapel cripple couple duplex grapple haply happily * * maple people pupil purple perplex pimple population populous * quintuple ripple rumple scruple. 9. GL, KL, medial and final. Beagle bugle eagle frugal gargle inveigle legal regal straggle struggle wriggle. Acclaim buckle cackle chronicle collector fickle freckle * - - * icicle likely local mechanical Michael miracle musical nickel * Nicholas oracle tackle trickle vehicle vocal whimsical. * 10. DL, TL, medial and final. Bridle cradle fiddle fidelity huddle idle idolatry ladle meddle needle paddle riddle saddle waddle wheedle. Battle beetle bottle brutal capital fatal kettle hospital mortal natal nettle petal prattle quintal rattle reptile scuttle * settle spittle textile title total turtle victuals vital. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 69 11. YL, FL, medial and final. Bevel cavil civil devil evil frivolous, gravel javelin level * hovel naval marvel revel shovel travel weevil. * Armful awful baffle bashful bountiful careful delightful dreadful fearful faithful lawful needful painful raffle rifle ** sorrowful wilful whiffle youthful. 12. ZHL, SHL, medial and final. Actual artificial bushel casual commercial conventual _ equinoctial facial financial glacial Herschel martial nuptial official palatial partial racial usual visual social. 13. ML, NL, initial, medial and final. Mail malice mellow melody maltreat forrial primal abysmal animal calomel decimal family familiarity malady military Melbourne mulberry ameliorate Milton milk milkmaid * millennium .million similar trammel. Annals analogous biennial centennial sentinel carnal * * * charnel colonel colonial channel Daniel diagonal denial eternal final genial manual menial marginal original virginal panel * * * penalty signal spinal tunnel. 14. EXDLE, ENTLE, (Lesson 14, page 25.) Candle chandelier dandle dandelion defiantly distantly fondle fontal gondolier kindlier handle gentle genteel gentile infantile mantle lentil lintel sandal scandal spindle scintillate swindle trundle vandal ; detrimental continental fundamental sacramental sentimental. 70 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 15. Some Prefixes. COM, CUM, CON, (Lesson 18, page 47.) Corn-bat coin-bine corn-pose com-panioii com-plete com pel com-pliment com-rade com-inand coin-mend com-inerce com-mon com-mence encom-pass c-o-mical c-o-medy c-o-met recom-pense recnm-bent, encum-brance ; con-gregate con-gress * * con-qner con-clnde con-trast con-trol con-vert con-version con-vulse con-valesce con-firm con-form coii-ceal con-sole con-secrate con-siderable con-cise con-cede con-cert con-suit con-ciliate con-snmptive con-sent coii-stant con-tained * con-tinent coii-ti-nual contrite. CONTRA, COUNTER. Contraband contradict contradistinction contralto, contravene ; controversy ; contribute contrivance ; counterbalance counterfeit countermand countermarch counterpane counterpart counterpoint counterpoise countersign counterplot. IM, IN. Inactive inadequate inadvertence inaugurate incandescent incoherent incorporate incorrigible increase incur incline include indict indictment industry infamy infancy infest influence influenza ingratitude imitate injure inside intend intellect intolerant inutility invade inveterate invincible invisible ; immoral immortal immense immerse imitate impanel impart impartial impatience imperative impure implicit impress improve. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 71 GST, KST, (Lesson n, page 21.) Boxed coaxed contest convexity downcast druggist drunkest fixed fixture hoaxed indexed locust luckiest meekest mixed mixture next perplexed pretext quickest stickiest strictest talkest text thickest thinkest vexed waxed weakest. The same shaded S-loop may be freely used for ST on single consonant stems. Best pest guest kissed nest zest vest faced lest rest jest chest west hissed quest. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Reading Exercise 6, A SUMMER DAY. B. TAYLOR. /-\ ) > ? NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 73 Key to Reading Exercise 6. A StJMMER DAY. B. TAYLOR. Five o'clock, and a summer morning ! A few minutes ago I witnessed one of the most beautiful spectacles presented to mortal eyes the opening of the gates of day, and the sun standing on the threshold looking forth, like a prince in bright armor, upon his kingdom. The blue vaults of heaven, built up in the heavy masonry of night, parted without a crash, nay, even without the soft and silken rustle of a cur- tain. The lights aloft were put out one after another, to give effect to the scene ; the gates of red gold swung back noise- lessly, as the parting of soft lips in dreams, and a threshold and hall inlaid with pearl were disclosed. There was a flush, a gleam, and a glow over the lake, and there paused the sun, as if enchanted with the scene he smiled on. A moment more, and cloud and wood and hill were bathed in glory. And there was song sweetest song ; the deep blue heaven was full of voices of unseen birds that fluttered at the pale portals of morning. Five o'clock, and a summer morning! A silvery mist hangs along the streams, a few downy clouds are afloat, and the landscape is heavy with dew. Seven o'clock, and a summer night ! The shadows and the mists are rising on the valley ; the whip-poor-wills begin their melancholy song ; a star blazes beautifully o'er the top of the woods, and the universal peace of nature makes me feel oh, so happy ! 74 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 6. 1. The ideal of friendship is to feel as one while remain- ing two. 2. Science has not yet found out the place that an absent-minded man can fill with credit. 3. The tree does not withdraw its shade even from the woodcutter. 4. A good heart is better than a good head, but the two work together admirably. 5. Man was given brains for a purpose : some never find this out ! 6. Dignity is often the refuge of the stupid. 7. When wit fails us in argument, we become personal. 8. The tenant slowest in paying his rent, abuses his landlord most. 9. Earth has no sweeter music than the voices of children. 10. Youth is wine, manhood is beer, old age is dregs. 11. Hunger and thirst are life: satiety and abundance death. 1 2. Too many friends is a bad thing ; one enemy is worse. 13. Sorrow is a heavy burden, sadness is a heavier, but the heaviest is anger. 14. Hatred is often proud fear. 15. One counsel is worth more than a thousand compli- ments. 1 6. When a person minds his own business he always succeeds. 17. When people take their own time, they generally take other people's time too ! 1 8. There is room at the top, but there is shade and rest at the bottom. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 75 Reading Exercise 7. THE LAUGH OF A CHILD. x/ - J _ v V- ,? , J, S-Q 76 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Key to Reading Exercise 7. THE LAUGH OF A CHILD. There's the laugh of the dawn in the waning East, And the laugh of the noonday sky ; The laugh of the breeze, the delirious laugh Of the flame when the night-winds sigh. There's the laugh 'of the stars, of the meadow brook, Of the sea, and the festal wine ; The frivolous laugh, and the wonderful laugh Of the heart at affection's shrine. There's the laugh of the rose at the setting moon, When the night has flown away ; But the happiest laugh, the ineffable laugh, Is the laugh of a child at play. 1. The root of knowledge is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. 2. A smile may gild a great deal of firmness. 3. Diligence and cheerfulness lead to success. 4. The door to success is always labeled : Push ! 5. The powers of our soul grow in proportion to their exercise. 6. There are times when it would seem as if God fished with a hook, and the devil with a net ! NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY.- 77 Writing Exercise 7. What is a friend ? This is the prize answer selected by a London newspaper from a list submitted to it : The person who comes in when the ivhole world has gone out. The following are some of the best replies offered : 1. A bank of credit on which we can draw supplies of confidence, counsel, sympathy, help, and love. 2. One who considers my needs before my deservings. 3. The triple alliance of love, sympathy, and help. 4. A jewel whose lustre the strong acids of poverty and misfortune cannot dim. 5. One who, gaining the top of the ladder, won't forget you if you remain at the bottom. 6. One who in prosperity does not toady to you, who in adversity assists you, in sickness nurses you, and after your death marries your widow and provides for your children. 7. An earthly minister of heavenly happiness. 8. A friend is like ivy : the greater the ruin, the closer he clings. 9. One who is the same to-day, the same to-morrow, either in adversity, prosperity, or sorrow. 10. One who is truer to me than I am myself. Self-control is only courage under another name. A handful of good life is worth a bushel of learning. A light heart lives long. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 8. Experience is a teacher good, And makes his lessons understood ; But then, we learn a thing or so That we'd much rather never know ! The eye that never blenches, the thought that never wanders, the nerve that never relaxes these are the masters of victory ! FAILURE. PAUL KESTER. Ye who have crowned endeavor with success have gained a trivial victory ; We who have striven on to failure, have our great moments of despair. What is your triumph and your joy to the mighty passion that we call defeat ? What is the battle won, to the grandeur of the battle lost ! Mighty the effort ye make who fear to know the horror of defeat, But mightier far the courage that can look into the face of fail- ure, and be calm ! The longer I live, the more certain I am that the great difference between men, between the feeble and the powerful, the great and the insignificant, is energy invincible deter- mination, and then : death or victory ! That quality will do anything in this world ; and no talents, no circumstances, no opportunities, will make a two-legged creature a man without it. " What must be, will be ; and what can't be, may be ! " NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Key to Writing Exercise 8. 79 /- ) 7 -v u> V, , ^ 7 80 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 9, with Key. 1. He that falls in love with himself will have no rivals. 2. Do not tell all you know, all you have, nor all you can do. 3. Willows are weak, but they bind the faggot. 4. The rising sun is more adored than the setting. 5. Men do much more from custom than from reason. 6. He that would eat the kernel must crack the nut. 7. The cask will long retain the flavor of what first filled it. 8. He who wishes to do wrong is never without a reason. 9. Honor the old, instruct the young, consult the wise, and bear with the foolish. 10. Come, take thy choice of all my library, and so beguile thy sorrow. 11. The mountain brook skips down to me, Tossing its silver tresses free, Humming like one in reverie ! 12. Good luck doesn't always come in by the front door. 13. Suspicion may be no fault, but showing it may be a great one. 14. He that pursues two rabbits catches neither. 15. Want of care does us more damage than want of knowledge. 1 6. Think of your own faults when you are awake, think of the faults of others when you are asleep. 17. The chief want in life is somebody who will make us do the best we can. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Key to Writing Exercise 9. 81 82 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 10, with Key. 1. Kindness is a language that even the dumb can speak and the deaf understand. i 2. Prosperity discovers vice, and adversity virtue. 3. He that can have patience, can have whatever he wishes. 4. Leisure is time for doing something useful. 5. Better is a little with content, than much with contention. 6. None preaches better than the ant, and she says nothing ! 7. A hound that must be carried to the chase will hardly catch much game. 8. Three may keep a secret, if two of them are dead. 9. Genius without education is like gold in the mine. 10. Honey is sweet, but the bee has a sting. n. Nothing dries sooner than a tear. 12. Friendship cannot live with ceremony, nor without civility. 13. Take heed of the vinegar of sweet wine, and the anger of good nature. 14. Many have quarreled about religion that never practiced it. 15. Reading makes a full man, meditation a profound man, and discourse a clear man. 1 6. Common sense is the art of seeing things as they really are, and of doing things as they ought to be done. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. A r - C Key to Writing Exercise 10. . 84 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 11. LINCOLN'S FAMOUS SPEECH AT THE DEDICATION OF GETTYSBURG CEMETERY. (239 words : to be written in 2J^ minutes ; then, in 2 minutes.) Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so constructed, can long endure. We are met on the great battle-field of that war. We are met to dedicate a portion of it as the final resting-place of those who have given their lives that that nation might live. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far beyond our power to add or to detract. The world will very little note or long remember what we say here, but it never can forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated to the unfinished work that they have thus far so nobly carried on. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us, that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that the nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Reading Exercise 1 1 . LINCOLN'S SPEECH AT GETTYSBURG. 86 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY Writing Exercise 12. THE AMERICAN CREED. (298 words : to be written in two minutes.) When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have con- nected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitled them, a decent respect to the opinion of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impelled them to separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident : That all men are created equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights ; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness ; that to secure these rights governments are insti- tuted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundations on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes ; and, accordingly, all experience hath- shown that man- kind are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former system of government. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 87 THE AMERICAN CREED. 2, 1. _^ "X / - , I " ,0 y -, ^ v u-^ - I T _ ^ ) . CD - V ^ ) 'To r i 88 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 13. RAILROAD BOOK-KEEPING. (208 words.) A great element of benefit in railroad improvement is protection against losses by accidents. A single track may be ample for ordinary transportation, but doubling it tends to obviate the collision of trains. Iron bridges carry rails no better than wooden ones do, but they do not decay nor burn, and there are no costly interruptions for repairs. Handsome station houses may not attract new passengers, but they have not the repulsiveness of unsightly and inconvenient structures. Depressing and elevating tracks, to avoid crossing, at grade, city streets and country roads, involve an outlay which may add nothing to revenue, but which, nevertheless, diminish immensely suits for vehicles and animals destroyed and human beings killed and injured. This last-mentioned element of construction expense, the elimination of grade crossings, has become, in the thickly populated New England States, a necessity which legislatures have recognized and enforced by statute. Added to these considerations, comes that of the reduced rates of interest obtainable upon capital invested in railroads. A property which formerly paid 10 per cent, per annum, now pays only 5. From all this it will be seen that in railroad book- keeping, expenditures which prevent decreases of earnings are entitled to be classed with those that directly increase them. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 89 RAILROAD BOOK-KEEPING. L i, 90 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. BUSINESS LETTERS. i. DEAR SIR, We have your favor of the 4th inst. , inclosing check for five hundred and thirty-five dollars and seventy-five cents ($535-75) i n payment of your note, which you will find enclosed. We note what you say in regard to the notes which the Company holds against your uncle's policy ; and in reply will say that his wife thoroughly understands that these notes will be deducted from the amount of the policy, and is satisfied that this should be done. Yours very truly. 2. We herein inclose a few of our circulars illustrating the different plans of insurance ; and allow me to say that our Company will issue a policy on almost any desired plan coun- tenanced by any other life insurance company. But we would especially call your attention to our life-rate endowment plans. We will be pleased to have you call at our office when- ever it suits your convenience, and we will gladly give you any information that you may desire on this subject. Very respectfully yours. DEAR SIR, NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 91 3. On the 4th inst. I wrote to you, asking you to give me the present condition of the estate of X. Y. Z., deceased, but perhaps you did not receive the letter. It is absolutely necessary that the estate be settled within the next ten days, and this will be impossible unless you give me the necessary information. Please give this your immediate attention. Yours truly. 4. DEAR SIR, Why have we not heard from you in regard to your account, which is long past due? If we do not receive a check from you during the next few days, we must place the matter in the hands of our attorney for collection. Yours truly. 5. DEAR SIR, We are in receipt of your favor of recent date, and enclose check on First National Bank to settle our account in full. Did you hear of our having been completely burnt out? Even our books were destroyed. I hope that, in six months we will be on our feet again. 92 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 6. DEAR SIR, Yours of recent date received, and contents noted. I forwarded your letter to the General Manager, and will write you again when I receive his instructions. According to your suggestion, I broached the matter to more than a dozen prominent business men of this city, and they all think favorably of the proposed 'new building. With best wishes for your success, I remain. DEAR SIR, Your kind note of inquiry just received, and I am happy to state that it is in my power to accommodate you. There is a very desirable house, of nine rooms, on Wash- ington Terrace, built by me five years ago, with all modern improvements complete. The Lafayette Avenue cars pass within one square of the property. I have another house, of eight rooms, on Buchanan Street near the Boulevard. There is a large lawn in front, and a greenhouse in the rear. Both of these dwellings will be ready for occupancy May i. Will be here all day Thursday, and would like you to call, if convenient. Respectfully yours. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 93 8. GENTLEMEN OF THE LITERARY SOCIETY, In answer to your favor of even date, I would say that my "Manual of Stenography" will meet your requirements, whether you secure a teacher or not. It seems to me, how- ever, that it would be a vast saving of time and energy for you to engage a competent instructor from the very start. At this moment I have a young man, oT fair experience and decided ability, who is open for an engagement. Awaiting your instructions, and wishing you all success in your proposed class of stenography, I remain, Gentlemen, Very truly yours. 9. DEAR SIR, With reference to your recent inquiry, we beg to inform you that our London agent reports a second-hand copy of Anderson's shorthand system for $1.35 net Walis published in 1875, the only system of shorthand ever applied to music. His title runs thus : " Musical Short- hand for the Representation of Harmony as well as Melody." We can import you a good clean copy for $1.50. Kindly let us know immediately whether we will secure the above works, and oblige Yours respectfully. 94 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 10. DEAR SIR, Answering your application, I would state that I have two vacancies, for which perhaps you would be suitable. In each of the colleges, the chair is worth $1500 per annum, exclusive of board and lodging. Please call at your earliest convenience, bringing your testimonials. Very truly yours. NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Ten Business Letters. 95 9 6 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. NSW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. \ L ^ f /o ^r x / _ J " t- 97 ? ** Z- J -^--f ^ CL/ 98 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. Writing Exercise 15. CONTRASTS BETWEEN POETS. (Elevated Style. 400 words: to be written in four minutes.) Some poets delight in quiet scenes, in woodland bowers, in rivers that lapse so quietly with their brims on the level of the meadows, that the sedge scarce twinkles in the stream ; in cottages jasmine-mantled, in kine knee- deep in the cool shadow ; in village spires scarce overtopping a coronal of ancient elms ; and in all those evening sights and sounds which tell of weary labor set free and wending to its home : while others delight in the forest solitudes, in the solemnity of the overclouded fen, in vast outspread scenes of moonlit sea, or in the silence of deserted cities and neglected ruins. These are the images that recur in their works again and again, as if those aspects of nature were the expression of their entire rninds. There are some whose imagery is all from the tangled lives of men, and the many-sided aspects of human actions ; poets who have no still life within their souls, except when they reach the intensest depths of passions, which at such depths are gestureless and mute. They can clothe in marvelous beauty the objects whose daily commonness most dishonors them. The streets of the city become beautiful in their word- pictures, and the trampling of a multitude makes music in their verse. There are yet others who like to live in echoing thunderstorms among the rifted crags of the hollow mountains ; , . ... ... LAWYER DA: NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 99 who go far out of the sound of suffering humanity, and are dwellers with the eagles. The stun of the thundering avalanche, the black, mountainous and shipless seas bursting on the iron-bound coast, the sobbing and moaning of the winds in purple, unsunny glens, the unwitnessed volcanoes that wave their red torches over the silent, ghastly whiteness of the creatureless south-pole, as if they were earth's fiery banners hung out in space as she races onward ; immense precipices that sleep forever in shadows of their own, even when the brightest sun is shining; these are the images which overcast the work of such minds, and are their genius, their inspiration, their native grandeur. It is in a world of these dread forms that their minds breathe most freely ; or rather they breathe freely nowhere else but there. The eagle chooses his dwelling with as faultless an instinct as the nightingale deep-hidden in the bush, or the robin trilling its winter song upon the window-sill. WRITING EXERCISE 16. THE AGOUTI'S FATE. (Familiar Style. 700 words: to be written in five minutes.) On a fertile island in the tropics, there lived a happy little family of agoutis. An agouti is an animal very different from those to which we are accustomed : in fact, it is a curious compound of rabbit, muskrat and woodchuck, and is often called gouti, for short. Now, once upon a time, young Master Gouti, being of a venturesome disposition, wanted to roam abroad like his father, and find out what the big, sunny world outside his bur- IOO NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. row was like. So he went to his mother and told her what a perfectly beautiful morning it was, and asked leave to take a little run down to the stream at the foot of the hill, where the air was so cool, and where there were so many roots and vegetables that he could find to eat. Mrs. Gouti thought for a moment, and then said : "Well, if you will promise not to go near that great clump of bamboos down there by the spring, you can run out for half an hour or so, but be sure to come back before the sun gets hot." Master Gouti promised readily enough ; and as he hopped along, looking so innocent and happy, you couldn't help but love him. When he reached the foot of the hill, and saw the bright stream rippling over the rocks and pebbles, and the broad-leaved plants on its borders, he was delighted. He darted in under one of the great plants, and stopped a minute to consider just which way he ought to go. Peering out, he saw the bamboo clump with its immense shafts decorated with bright green leaves, and he scanned it curiously, wondering why he shouldn't venture near it. Now, his mother had not told him why : for she believed in keeping her children ignorant, as long as possible, of the evils by which they were surrounded. And so, she never told the little one that the clump of bamboos was the lair of a big and dreadful serpent, an immense anaconda, which would gobble him up in a minute. Maybe she was sorry for her way of acting, as the day went by and the night came on without any sign of her son returning. Well, Master Gouti wondered why his mother had forbidden him to go into the bamboo clump, or near it ; and NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. IOI he also wondered what she meant by near, whether a rod, a foot, or even less. "Anyway," thought he, "I may go a little nearer without disobeying," and so he hopped out from the shelter of the big leaf, and then stopped and viewed the bunch of bamboos. There was nothing forbidding in their appearance, so he hopped just a little nearer, until he was within a yard or so of the rattling spears and rasping leaves. Then he was suddenly transfixed by a bright, round eye like a glittering diamond, set in the head of what we know was the anaconda, but Gouti didn't know it, he was so innocent ; thus he was drawn nearer and nearer, until all at once he saw behind the head, a long and loathsome body twined about the bamboo shafts for ever so many feet of their length. Then the glittering eye fixed him, cold and shivering. A huge, red mouth opened like a great, warm oven, big enough to take him in without an effort, and not only him, but all his family besides. He may then have realized the peril he was in, and may have tried to escape, but it was too late. There was such a fascination about that big, red cavern, with its rows of pointed teeth ; and, above all, the glittering diamond eye, that he couldn't move for the life of him. Then the anaconda seemed to say "jump in, my little friend, jump right in." And the big, red cavern looked so warm and comfortable that Master Gouti made one leap, his last on earth, and well, that was all. The big, red mouth closed with a terrible snap, the diamond eye twinkled with satisfaction, and if you want to know anything more about the poor, disobedient, little Gouti, perhaps the anaconda could tell. 102 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. FINAL PARAGRAPHS. The student will find it useful, after lie has become well acquainted with the foregoing rules and exercises, to employ some friend to read those same exercises, as well as other selections on different subjects, slowly at first, while he writes them down. The speed may be gradually increased. This will familiarize him to the manner of following a voice, will call his acquirements into active exercise, and will lessen the embarrassment of one's first trials at verbatim reporting. It will also facilitate the progress of the learner, if, when he sees an unusual word, or hears it spoken, he accustom himself to consider how it would look in shorthand. This habit of mentally writing words and phrases will greatly con- tribute to readiness and accuracy. The smaller the characters can be written, the better will it conduce to speed. When a stenographer is employed to take down the proceedings in a court of law, and it is of importance to report everything as nearly verbatim as possible, it is desirable for him to acquaint himself previously with the matter in dispute, which is often so complicated as not easily to be understood. By becoming master of the case beforehand, he will be in less danger of falling into mistakes, and will more readily comprehend the meaning and bearing of what is said. The assistance of a teacher, when it can be obtained, is of great advantage in the study of this art. Men differ in NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 103 their genius and perceptions, and every pupil has his own peculiar views and ideas. Difficulties present themselves to some minds which never occur to others, and which no writer on the subject can anticipate. It is impossible, in a public treatise, to lay down the rules and explanations adapted to the capacities and satisfactory to the understanding of all who may endeavor to master stenography by means of it. A teacher, however, has it in his power to give such minute and personal instructions as cannot fail to produce a beneficial effect. He can at once explain to the student whatever seems obscure and ambiguous ; he can solve his difficulties, correct his mistakes, direct and encourage him in his progress, and lead him on to become an expert writer. IO4 NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. CONCLUDING ADVICE. AFTER STENOGRAPHY WHAT ? Before bidding an affectionate "Good-bye and God-speed " to the pupil who has successfully followed us so far, we deem it proper to insist on what we know to be necessary for him to succeed in any line of business as a professional stenographer. In an interview granted many years ago, the head of a leading Boston firm said to the representative of a shorthand journal : " ' I used to think that one of the most essential things to a good shorthand writer was the ability to write a good legible longhand, carefully spelled and punctuated ; but, since type- writers have come into such general use, about the only writing stenographers have to do is in shorthand. But, you would be surprised if I told you what trouble I have to get good typewriting done. ' '"I have noticed you are a rapid dictator ; do your sten- ographers ever make mistakes ? ' '"Ever? Why, bless your soul, I never had one who didn't, and repeatedly. I should like to pay for a beautiful glass case to put over the stenographer who never made a mistake ! But, when they get used to the business, mistakes grow less numerous, of course. ' "'What, in your opinion, should a young person learn, besides shorthand, who wishes to prepare himself for a cor- respondence clerk ? ' NEW AMERICAN STENOGRAPHY. 105 " 'Oh, lots of things will come handy in any business ; perhaps grammar, pre-eminently, business terms and compo- sition. If a stenographer doesn't know how to paraphrase, he's a failure ; for no man wants his letters always written out exactly as dictated. Sometimes, in the hurry of dictating, I repeat the same idea in different words, and say a thing ' back end to,' which a stenographer is expected to turn around properly, prune, and polish. If he can't do that, he'll never suit me. There are, I am satisfied, very few who combine rapid shorthand writing, ready shorthand reading, a knack to smoothe over the rough spots of a dictation and make a good readable letter, with good typewriting and gentlemanly man- ners. These are the essentials of a first-class stenographer, and that's the only kind we want here.' " TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE ALPHABET .... 5 LESSON i. Alphabet Drill. Circle Vowels 6 LESSON 2. Alphabet Drill. Circle Vowels. 8 LESSON 3. Alphabet Drill. Circle Vowels 9 LESSON 4. Alphabet Drill; E and 1 10 LESSON 5. Alphabet Drill. U and U. n LESSON 6. Alphabet Drill. Dot Vowels 12 LESSON 7. Alphabet Drill. Diphthongs 13 LESSON 8. Double Consonants 14 LESSON 9. Double Consonants, continued 16 LESSON 10. Lengthened Letters 20 LESSON II. Initial and Final S 21 LESSON 12. Nasal N .*.... 22 LESSON 13. Combined Consonants 24 LESSON 14. Combined Consonants, Shaded . 25 Reading and Writing Exercise i. Circle Vowels .... 30 Reading and Writing Exercise 2. Circle Vowels .... 31 Reading and Writing Exercise 3. Circle Vowels 32 Reading and Writing Exercise 4. Dot Vowels 33 LESSON 15. Word Signs 35 LESSON 16. Phrase-Writing 41 LESSON 17. Terminations 44 LESSON 18. Prefixes 47 LESSON 19. Letters Omitted 52 LESSON 20. Syllables Omitted 54 Reading Exercise 5. Proverbs and Sentences 60 Key to the preceding Exercise 61 Writing Exercise 5 63 General Review Drills 64 Reading Exercise 6. A Summer Day 72 Key to the preceding Exercise. 73 1 06 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED. 107 PAGE LESSON 20. Writing Exercise 6 74 Reading Exercise 7. The Laugh of a Child 75 Key to the preceding Exercise 76 Writing Exercise 7 77 Writing Exercise 8 78 Key to the preceding Exercise 79 Writing Exercise 9 80 Key to the preceding Exercise 81 Writing Exercise 10 82 Key to preceding Exercise 83 Writing Exercise n. Lincoln's Famous Speech .... 84 Key to the preceding Exercise 85 Writing Exercise 12. The American Creed 86 Key to the preceding Exercise 87 Writing Exercise 13. Railroad Book-keeping 88 Key to the preceding Exercise 89 Writing Exercise 14. Business Letters 90 Key to the preceding Exercise 95 Writing Exercise 15. Contrasts between Poets 98 Writing Exercise 16. The Agouti's Fate 99 Final Paragraphs 102 Concluding Advice 104 FRUERE ET VALE. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. JAN 1 1 1961 Form L9-2om-9,'47(A561S)444 UNIVERSITY of AT LOS ANGELES Z56 'I - New American A 000 570 400 2 JAN 1 1 256 VJ21n