UC-NRLF iIIiiImIiIiIiii iIi iIiIiii m iim i|i|i ii|i i B M ITM aso LIST OF PROOF-MARKS :ORRECTED PROOF-SHEETS AND SUGGESTIONS IN REGARD TO PROOFREADING B Y A. M. SMITH PHILADELPHIA LIST OF PROOF-MARKS AND CORRECTED PROOF-SHEETS BY A. M. SMITH Formerly Secretary to the President, and Instructor in Proofreading, Drexel Institute, Philadelphia CHAPTER I PROOF-MARKS The following is a complete list of the proof- marks in common use. An example of the nse of each is given in the two pages of Corrected P roof- Sheets, and directions concerning the proper mark- ing of proof will be found under Suggestions in Regard to Proofreading. 1. Kinds of Letters ^^ Three horizontal lines under a word or a letter — print in capitals (caps). = Two horizontal lines under a word or a letter — print in small capitals (s. caps, sm. c). One horizontal line under a word or a letter — change roman to italic, or italic to roman. I. c. — Loiver case — change capitals or small capitals to small letters. v>. f. — Wrong font — change letter or letters to proper size or font. a:) G42363 PROOF-MARKS 2. Change of Matter ^o^ to Venice, with his paw firmly placed on his evangel/ At the foot of the flagstaff is a iiaint old w^jl, with the Pisari^ supe^cription and o^tj, per fesse . azure and argent, a lion rampant counte^hanged. engraved upon it. Almo/t alljioyfse- doors have dolphins for kfiockers^You canwalk<^owii the main stre/t, whjre the maize is drying^ a ygllow carpet spread on one side ; where the women sit sp^ ni ig and not chattering^ where the dogs|5ask against the wall andsnap at Vne flies, out by the ar^ ov^r the Pon^e del jifor/o, past the gardens made of Vene^ tian mud^till vou r^^iph the shore, and look down^ the long w/toravenue of the Adriatic. i • My/ (ft) After CoRREcmoN by Compositor After passing Poveglia the boat will feel the tide with her ; and ten minutes more brings one to the landing-place of Malamocco. Quiet and sleepy and clean ; the people with a type distinctly their own, very gentle and friendly to strangers, but at heart seeming to say, " We are not Venetians, but Mala- mocchini". There is a piazza and two long broad streets. In the piazza a flagstaff, with Saint Mark's lion in gilt on the top, as a weathercock, looking now straight to Venice, with his paw firmly placed on his evangel. At the foot of the flagstaff is a quaint old well, with the Pisani superscription and coat, per Jesse, azure and argent, a lion rampant coun« terchanged, engraved upon it. Almost all the house- doors have dolphins for knockers. You can walk down the main street, where the maize is drying, a yellow carpet spread on one side ; where the women sit spinning and not chattering, like the Venetians, but quiet ; where the dogs bask against the wall and snap at the flies ; out by the arch over the Ponte del Borgo, past the gardens made of Venetian mud, till you reach the shore, and look down the long water-avenue of the Adriatic. Brown : Life on the Lagooru, a j Corrected Proof-Sheet. No. 2 A^othing could be more delightf/l than the spri/g x> «»^' days which wepassed in Barcelona. We could ap ill O Si ^ ^reciate the language of K'ashington Irving written in 1844^ AH here is picture and romanc^Nothing nas given me greater delight than occassional evenmg drives with some of my diplomatic colleges to thjbse count^seats or torres, as they are calld©/ situated on [th^ J slopes of the hills, )j^^pthree miles from the i^it>, surrounded by graves of oranges, citrons, tt^s^and pomegranates, with ^y gamen/ y I terraced with flowers and fountains. arcelona^become a ctii,^ of tra^ and mangffac- ^i ture/ since Irvings day and can hardly meritJiov\;^he_ ^ description of Cervantes, "flor de las bellas ciu- dades del mundo,^the jfewer of the beautiful cities of the world, bid it is still grand, beautiful and captiWing^ [in BcWelona besidek the^Engli^h Church^ho3^haplain\t tends Britisi\hips in the harbour, tl^jr are missioh^ of the Swiss / fe urch with chapel and schools, a VVeslji^yan mission, and several yklls waH^-in the suburbs of Gracia, where where the Plymouth brethren hold and support c-<»-^ I . meetings, Stodd.\rd: Spanish Cilics. #>"/ (8) After Correction by Compositor Nothing could be more delightful than the spring days which we passed in Barcelona. We could ap- N preciate the language of Washington Irving written in 1844: "All here is picture and romance. Nothing has given me greater delight than occasional even- ing drives with some of my diplomatic colleagues to those country-seats or torres, as they are called, situated on the slopes of the hills, two or three miles from the city, surrounded by groves of oranges, citrons, figs, and pomegranates, with terraced gar- dens gay with flowers and fountains. . . ." Bai- celona has become a city of traffic and manufac- ture since Irving's day and can hardly merit now the description of Cervantes, " flor de las bellas ciu- dades del mundo", the flower of the beautiful cities of the world, but it is still grand, beautiful, and captivating. In Barcelona besides the English Church, whose chaplain attends British ships in the harbour, there are missions of the Swiss Church with chapel and schools, a Wesleyan mission, and several halls in the suburbs of Gracia, where the Plymouth Brethren hold and support meetings. Stoddard : Spanish Cities, SUGGESTIONS IN REGARD TO PROOF- READING 1. It is best to make corrections in ink. If red ink is used, or any ink which is of a contrasting color with the printed proof, the time of the com- positor will be saved, as he can thereby see at a glance the changes desired. Lead-pencil marks are liable to become blurred and indistinct. 2. Corrections should be made on the blank mar- gin, opposite the lines in which the errors are respectively found, and in exactly the same order in which the errors occur. Corrections are gener- ally separated from each other by oblique lines. Long lines connecting the error with the correc- tion in the margin should be used only when absolutely necessary, for instance, when new matter is to be inserted. 3. When several errors occur in one line, the changes should be made in the margin nearest the respective errors which they are intended to cor- rect ; but these alterations must always be made in exactly the same order in which the mistakes occur. 4. When there are several errors in one word, it is better to rewrite the whole word correctly, than to indicate each change separately. 5. If much new matter is to be added, it should be written on another piece of paper and attached to the proof-sheet. If only a few lines are to be inserted, they may be written on the margin of the proof-sheet. (10) 11 Errors Which May Escape Notice 1. The omission of a letter or syllable, or the substitution of one letter for another, which does not greatly change the outline of the word; as, constution for constitution, edifid for ^edified, coun- try for country. 2. The insertion of a word which is not in the copy and which does not materially alter the sense. This is especially true of articles and conjunc- tions. 3. The repetition of a syllable or word which ends one line, at the beginning of the next. 4. The substitution of one word for another, which differs from it but slightly in spelling and which sometimes makes sense ; as, wall for hall. 5. When a query has been made on the proof- sheet by the professional proofreader (the proof- reader of the printing-house), if the author desires the suggested change, he should make the correc- tion and draw a lino through the query. If he wishes the matter to stand as set up, a line through the query is sufficient. Marks should never be rubbed out with an eraser. Since typesetting machines have come into gen- eral use, one of the principal things the proof- reader should guard against is imperfect align< ment, especially when movable types are set by the Monotype machine, for the alignment then is not so accurate as in the case of types set by hand. * When a correction is indicated at one end of a line of type set by machine, the operator in making 12 the correction desired and resetting the line ia liable to make a mistake in the other end of the line. In rereading the matter after the correc- tion has been made, the proofreader should scan the line carefully to see that no other error has occurred. Proof should be corrected as soon as received and returned at once to the printer. As corrections must be paid for according to the time required to make them, it is the part of •wisdom to make as few changes as possible. The introduction or elimination of a word or two often necessitates the overrunning or readjustment of sev- eral lines, and sometimes of all the lines to the end of the paragraph. The more carefully the manu- script is prepared, the less, of course, will be the charge for corrections. The reading of proof, and especially when read by an author, implies much more than the correc- tion of typographical errors. Careful attention Bhould be given to the spelling, the punctuation, the grammatical construction, the style, and the senti- ment; quotations, references, scientific terms, and foreign phrases should be verified. Apart from the necessary qualifications to do this work well, the chief requisite of a good proofreader is a keen and quick eye for the detection of errors, without which even extensive knowledge will be of little service. Copyright, 1910, by Press of Adele Millicent Smith Thb John C. Winston Co., All rights reserved Philadelphia, Pa. 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