I 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 CATALOGUE 
 
 INDIAN COINS 
 
 BRITISH MUSEUM 
 
 THE MOGHUL EMPERORS 
 
 LONDON 
 
 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES 
 
 Longmans & Co., Paternoster Row ; B. Quaritch, 15, Piccadilly; 
 Henry Frowde, Amen Corner; Archibald Constable & Co., Westminster; 
 Kegan Paul, Trubner & Co., Paternoster House, Charing Cross Road ; 
 
 A. AsHER & Co., 13, Bedford St., Covent Garden, and at Berlin; 
 Rollin & Feuardent, 19, Bloomsbury Street, and Place Louvois, Paris. 
 
 1892
 
 LONDON : 
 PRINTED BV GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, LD. 
 
 ST. John's house, clurkenwell, e.c.
 
 THE COINS 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS 
 
 OF HINDUSTAN 
 
 IN THE 
 
 BRITISH MUSEUM 
 
 BY 
 
 STANLEY LANE-POOLE 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 REGINALD STUART POOLE, LL.D. 
 
 KEEPER OF COINS 
 CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE 
 
 LONDON 
 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES
 
 STACK MHSk 
 
 5S33. . 2_ 
 LU Bl^ 
 
 EDITOE'S PEEFACE. 
 
 The present volume of the Catalogue of Indian Going 
 contains the description of the issues of the Moghul 
 Emperors of Hindustan, from the foundation of the 
 Empire by Babar, Humayiin, and Akbar, down to its 
 gradual absorption into the realm of the Honourable 
 East India Company. It also includes such coins of the 
 Company as were issued in imitation of the currency of 
 the Moghuls. 
 
 The transliteration of Arabic and Indian names of 
 persons, places, &c., in this volume, is in accordance 
 with the latest official system of the Indian Government. 
 Familiar names of places are spelt in the ordinary 
 English way. 
 
 The metal of each specimen is stated, and its size in 
 inches and tenths of inches. The weight of the gold 
 and silver examples is given in English grains. Tables 
 for converting grains into grammes, and inches into 
 millimetres as well as into the measures of Mionuet^s 
 scale, are given at the end of the volume. 
 
 A comparative table of the years and months of the 
 Hijrah and of the Christian era has been added, with a 
 view to facilitating reference to the standard works on 
 Indian history where the European computation is 
 adopted. 
 
 1733533
 
 vi EDITOR'S PREFACE. 
 
 A specially prepared map of India is inserted to 
 illustrate the distribution of the mint-cities throughout 
 the Empire. 
 
 Typical specimens are figured in the thirty-three plates 
 which are executed by the autotype mechanical process 
 from casts in plaster. 
 
 The whole work is written by Mr. Stanley Lane- 
 Poole, and I have carefully collated it with the coins. 
 
 KEGINALD STUART POOLE.
 
 AUTHOE'S INTEODUCTION. 
 
 § 1. HISTORICAL OUTLINE. 
 
 The history of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan, wliicli 
 nominally extends from 1525 to 1857, is really contained 
 in much narrower limits. The assured domination of the 
 Moghul Emperors begins with the building-up of the 
 empire by Akbar (1556-1605) and practically ends with 
 the death of Aurangzib, the last autocrat of their line, 
 in 1707. Before Akbar there was no Moghul Empire, 
 but only the attempt to create one. After Aui'angzib 
 there was still for awhile the framework of an empire, 
 but no emperor : the power fell into the hands 
 of Ministers and Viceroys, and political disintegra- 
 tion prepared the way for British expansion. Not 
 much more than half a century had passed since 
 Aurangzib 'Alamgir was carried to his tomb near 
 Aurangabad, when the East India Company began to 
 gather up the fragments that remained of Akbar's 
 empire, and the Emperor himself became their pensioner 
 (1765). 
 
 The historical founder of the empire was Akbar; but 
 the first of his line to assert imperial power in India was 
 his grandfather Babar ; unless, indeed, the precedence 
 belongs to his ancestor TImur, in virtue of his earlier 
 raids upon Hindustan. Babar, or " Tiger, " also 
 called Muhammad and surnamed Zahir-ad-din, "Up- 
 holder of the Faith," was the son of 'Umar Shaikh, 
 the son of Abu-Sa'id, seventh Khan of Transoxiana; 
 and Abu-Sa'id was the son of Muhammad Sultan the
 
 viii BABAB. 
 
 son of Mii-an Sliah, tlie son of Timur. Babar thus 
 lineally descended in the fifth generation from Timur, 
 on his father's side; on his mother's, he traced his 
 pedigree to Chingis Kaan. He was born in 1482 (a.h. 
 888) in the province of Farghanah, then ruled by his 
 father, whom he succeeded as chieftain abont the age 
 of twelve. Henceforward his precocious youth was 
 spent in strife and war. He successfully withstood his 
 envious kinsfolk in Farghanah, and even made incursions 
 into the territory of Samarkand at the age of fifteen ; 
 but was eventually defeated and driven from Transoxiana 
 by Shaibani and his Uzbegs about 1504, and forced to 
 console himself with the subduing of Afghanistan and 
 Badakhshan (a.h. 911). For twenty years he remained 
 outwardly content with the kingship of Kabul and 
 the country round about ; though he confesses in 
 his Memoirs that from the first he had meditated the 
 invasion of India, but " sometimes from the misconduct 
 of my Amirs and their dislike of the project, sometimes 
 from the cabals and opposition of my brothers, I was 
 prevented from prosecuting the expedition," * He was 
 forty-three years of age before he was able to realize 
 his dream. 
 
 At the close of 1525 (Safar 932)t he began to occupy the 
 Panjab with the connivance of the Afghan governor of 
 Lahore. The disunited state of the so-called " Pathan " 
 kingdom offered little resistance to the invader : India 
 
 * Tjizafc-iBftbar'f, Erskine's (1829) translation, 290. These Memoirs 
 were written in Chagatai Turkish, and have been translated into 
 French by M. Pavet de Courteille (1871). The Persian version, 
 which dates from the time of Akbar, was done into English by 
 W. Erskine and J. Leyden (Or. Translation Fund, 1826) ; and 
 extracts from both versions are given in Sir H. M. Elliot and Prof- 
 Dowson's invaluable History of India as told hy its own Historians, 
 iv. 218-287, The latter will be frequently referred to by the 
 abbreviation ED. 
 
 t Ibid. ED. iv. 239 if.
 
 lakim 
 , t 993 
 
 'Azim-asli-Shan 
 t 1124 
 
 9. FARRUKH-SIYAR 
 i. 1098, 8. 1124, 1 1131 (17 
 
 * The Emperors' n 
 the pedigree of the Empe 
 
 [To face p. viii. 
 
 EMPERORS/ 
 
 Indar 
 t 1035 ? 
 
 Shahriydr 
 b. 1014, t 1037 (1627) 
 
 S60) 
 
 Murdd Bakksk 
 pr. & 1 1068 (1658) 
 
 Akhtar 
 
 hah 
 
 4 
 
 rSHAN AKHTAR 
 1161 (1748) 
 
 AD 
 
 J7 (1754), t 1188 
 
 ikhf 
 
 )3 (1788) 
 
 Akbar 
 t 1117 cire. 
 
 Niku-Siyar 
 pr. & t 1131 
 
 Kdm Bakhth 
 pr. & t 1119 (1708) 
 
 Muhayyi-as-Sunnah 
 
 Shdh-Jakdn III. 
 pr. 1173, d. 1174 (1760) 
 
 t died. For various collateral members of the family, not necessary to
 
 GENEALOGICAL TREE OF THE M O G H U L EMPERORS. 
 
 Abii-Sa'(d 
 
 h Xhdn of TranKxi 
 
 h. 830. t 872 
 
 I 
 
 'Uunr Shaikh 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mahammad E&ldm 
 
 'AEtm>nah-8hiin 
 
 . JAHANDAR 
 ..ft 11124(1712) 
 
 I 
 
 \. 'ALAMGIR II. 
 ..1167. t 1173(1759) 
 
 Kdm Balc\»\ 
 
 pr.&t 
 
 118(1708) 
 
 Muhayyf. 
 
 1 
 Ls-Suimnb 
 
 Shdh^ 
 
 
 pr. 1173. 
 
 . 1174 (1760) 
 
 . proclftimod; d. deposed; t died. For v 
 
 I collateral members of the family. 
 
 /^
 
 BABAR. ix 
 
 was divided amoDgst numerous petty rulers, and the 
 authority of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi of Dehli was worth 
 little, except in the provinces adjoining his capital. 
 Nevertheless, with the aid of his nobles and feudatories, 
 Ibrahim contrived to bring together an army reckoned 
 by his enemy at 100,000 men, with a thousand elephants. 
 The decisive battle took place on the historic plain of 
 Panipat, 20th April, 1526, and the defenders were routed 
 with the loss of their king and 15,000 men.* Babar 
 quickly occupied Dehli and Agrah, and after defeating 
 the Eajputs under Sanka Rana of Udaipur, reduced 
 Chanderi, their stronghold, in the following spring. 
 Three years later he died at Agrah, 29th December, 1530 
 (9 Jumada I., 937),t aged 48, sovereign " of a vast though 
 incoherent empire, extending from Badakhshan and 
 Kunduz, beyond the Hindu Kush, including all Afghani- 
 stan, the Panjab, Hindustan, Rajputana, and Bihar. "J 
 The kingdoms of Bengal, Gujarat, and Malwah, and 
 the Deccan (Dakhin) formed no part of his dominions. 
 
 Babar's Memoirs form a refreshingly frank and 
 vivid autobiography. They give one the impression 
 on the one hand of a gallant and daring soldier, and 
 on the other of a jovial, heedless, boon-fellow. A great 
 change had come over the Mongols, or Moghuls,§ since 
 the days when Tamerlane led his savage pagans on their 
 skull-hunts. The " Tiger's " Moghuls were compara- 
 tively civilized Muslims. " Contemporary writings and 
 drawings show Babar and his followers as a jovial crew 
 of men-at-arms, with fair and ruddy complexions, and 
 
 * Tuzak-i BdhaH (Evskine), 304. 
 
 t Niz^m-ad-din, Tabakdt-i Akbari, ED. v. 188. 
 
 X H. G. Keene, Sketch of the History of Hindustan (1885), 70. 
 
 § The Arabic name is Mughal, but the form Moghul or Mogul is 
 consecrated by long usage in English. Babar himself detested the 
 Moghul race, as " the authors of every kind of mischief and devasta- 
 tion," and always called his own people "Turks." 
 
 b
 
 X BABAR. 
 
 unveiled wives; deligliting in brocaded garments and 
 gilded armour, using artillery in war, loving to carouse 
 in the intervals of peace by the banks of streams or 
 in shady gardens."* We read in the Memoirs of 
 continual drinking bouts, in which the conqueror of 
 Hindustan sometimes contrived to become thoroughly 
 intoxicated four times in twenty-four hours, — and thus 
 sowed the seeds of a vice which became hereditary in 
 later generations of his descendants. Only his remark- 
 able bodily vigour enabled him to trifle thus with his 
 health. We hear of his riding from Kalpi to Agrah, a 
 distance of 160 miles, in two days; and to his death he 
 combined extraordinary activity with intervals of reckless 
 self-indulgence, which must have hastened his end. 
 His character is a singular mixture of rollicking good- 
 humour, chivalrous generosity, and now and then truly 
 Asiatic ferocity. His portrait, which has been preserved 
 in the copy of his Memoirs which belonged to Shah- 
 Jahan, shows us "a thoughtful gentleman, with pale, 
 oval face, and small, pointed, black moustache." Some 
 notion of his standard of civilization may be derived 
 from his criticism of the shortcomings of the Hindus, 
 of whom he entertained a very mean opinion. 
 
 " Hindustan," he says, " is a country that has few 
 pleasures to recommend it. The people are not hand- 
 some. They have no idea of the charms of friendly 
 society, of frankly mixing together, or of familiar inter- 
 course. They have no genius, no comprehension of 
 mind, no politeness of manner, no kindness or fellow- 
 feeling, no ingenuity or mechanical invention in planning 
 or executing their handicraft works, no skill or know- 
 ledge in design or architecture ; they have no good 
 horses, no good flesh, no grapes or musk-melons, no 
 good fruits, no ice or cold water, no good food or bread 
 
 * Keene, op. cit., 53.
 
 HUMAYUN. xi 
 
 in their bazars^ no baths or colleges, no candles, no 
 torches, not a candlestick/'* 
 
 Babar's successor was his eldest son, Muhammad f 
 HumAyun (^'Augustus"), surnamed Nasir-ad-din, "De- 
 fender of the Faith," who had taken part in his father's 
 Indian campaigns. He was born 6th February, 1511 
 (916 A.H.),J and was, therefore, not yet twenty when he 
 came to the throne. His first enterprise was an unsuc- 
 cessful attempt to conquer the united kingdom of Gujarat 
 and Malwah, whence his attention was called away by the 
 advance of Sher Khan § with the Afghan forces of Bengal. 
 After a prolonged struggle Humayun was decisively 
 worsted in 1542 (949), and took refuge in Sind. For 
 thirteen years the son of Babar remained in exile, ruling 
 his father's old kingdom of Kabul, whilst Sher Shah, by 
 his admirable organization of the government of Hindu- 
 stan, laid the foundations of the future empire of Akbar. 
 In 1555 Humayun recovered Lahore, and after a sharp 
 contest drove the Pathan forces to the eastward and 
 occupied Dehli, where an accident ended his life in 
 January, 1556 (963). He was a generous and amiable 
 profligate, much addicted to opium. 
 
 With the accession of Humayuu's son, Akbak 
 ("Maximus"), surnamed Jalal-ad-din, or "Glory of 
 the Faith," the greatest epoch of the Moghul Empire 
 begins. Born on 15th October, 1542 (5 Rajab 949 ||), 
 Akbar was only in his fourteenth year when he came 
 to the throne ; but he possessed a capable guardian in the 
 
 * Tuzak-i BdhaH (Erskine), 333. 
 
 t It was the fashion of the Moghul Emperors to include Muham- 
 mad among: their names. 
 
 % Ahu-l'Va,7A, Akbarndmah, ED. v. 188, note. Abu-l-Fazl's optimism 
 is efiectually counteracted by the cynicism of Badaoui, ED. v. 477- 
 549. 
 
 § See my Catalogue of the Coins of the Sultans nf Dchli, 105 ff, 
 
 II Nizam-ad-d£n, Tahakdt-i Ahbari, ED. y. 214.
 
 xii AKBJB. 
 
 Turkoman Bairam Khan, who commanded the Moghul 
 army and acted as Prime Minister during the Emperor's 
 minority. The Hindu general, Himti, had already seized 
 Dehli, when Bairam gave him battle, and utterly defeated 
 him (5th November, 1556) on the field of Panipat — the 
 scene of so many eventful conflicts in Indian history ; and 
 the boy-emperor found himself, at a single blow, master 
 of most of Hindustan, though his authority in distant 
 parts of his nominal dominions was at first somewhat 
 shadowy. Akbar soon took the reins of power into his 
 own hands. Henceforward for many years his career is 
 a long record of conquest and annexation. Dehli and 
 Agrah were his from the day of Panipat ; Gwalior was 
 subdued in 1558 (966), Jaunpur and Eantambhor in 
 1559 ; in 1561 Malwah was overrun, and Burhanpur in 
 Khandesh fell in 1562 (969) ; in 1567 (975) Chitor, the 
 stronghold of the Rajputs, commanded by their Raja, 
 Jai Mai, was besieged and stormed, and Rajputana for a 
 while submitted to the Moghuls.* Gujarat, nominally a 
 province of the empire, rebelled, but was brought into 
 subjection in 1572 (980) : Akbar entered its capital, 
 Ahmadabad, and reduced Surat, Cambay, and Baroda, f 
 Junagarh, the stronghold of Kathiawar, was annexed in 
 1591 (999). X Bengal was another province held on an 
 illusory tenure. It was still ruled by the Pathans in 
 nominal dependence upon the empire. But when Daud, 
 of the family of Sher Shah, succeeded to the viceroyalty, 
 he waxed contumacious, and rose in arms, A policy of 
 conciliation proved unavailing, and Daud was overthrown 
 in a battle near Jalasur (1575), and finally killed in 1577 
 (984). Akbar's authority was thus established in 
 Bengal, though this and other provinces (such as Orissa, 
 Gujarat, and Rajputana) were disturbed from time to 
 
 * Tabdkdt-i AUaH, ED. v. 327-328. 
 
 t Ibid. V. 350. J Ibid. V. 461, 466.
 
 AKBAB. xiii 
 
 time by temporary insurrections. Badaklishan was 
 abandoned to the Uzbegs in 1585 (993), but, by way 
 of compensation, Kashmir was annexed in 1587, and 
 Kandahar six years later. 
 
 In the Deccan, Akbar's power was, so far, scarcely 
 felt : he had, indeed, occupied Khandesh and Berar, 
 and taken Burhanpur and Elichpur ; but he had reinstated 
 the native Rajas, whose tribute was intermittent and 
 fealty barely nominal. In 1593 he had again to reduce 
 Khandesh, and to occupy Ahmadnagar, the capital of 
 Berar ; but in each case he adhered to his policy of rein- 
 stating the native rulers as feudatories of the empire. The 
 Raja of Khandesh for a time justified Akbar's clemency, 
 but Berar was soon in rebellion, partly by reason of 
 the incompetence of Prince Murad, the drunken viceroy 
 of the Deccan. The Emperor's trusted Minister, Abu-1- 
 Fazl, author of the famous Ain-i Ahbari, or " Institutes 
 of Akbar," was appointed to supersede him in 1599,* and 
 Akbar himself moved south. Daulatabad had already 
 fallen ; Asirgarh, the formidable stronghold of Khan- 
 desh, endured a six months' siege, and only surrendered at 
 last to the indomitable persistence of Abu-1-Fazl ; while 
 Ahmadnagar fell in 1600 (1008). An inscription at 
 Fathpur records how " His Majesty the King of Kings, 
 whose court is Paradise, the shadow of God, Jalal-ad-din 
 Muhammad Akbar Padishah, conquered the Deccan 
 and Dandesh, f which was heretofore Khandesh, in the 
 Ilahl year 46, which is the year of the Hijrah 1010," &c.| 
 
 * Murad died soon afterwards of delirium tremens. 
 
 f The name was temporarily changed in honour of the new 
 governor, Daniyal, Akbar's son, a drunkard like his brothers. Like 
 Murad, he fell a victim to his vice. Though kept snder restraint 
 his servants smuggled liquor for him in a match-lock barrel, which 
 the prince facetiously called his " bier." Keene, op. cit. 157. 
 
 X The conquest of Asirgarh took place in the 45thyear,as recorded by 
 the commemorative coin No. 166, but the honours were distributed some 
 months later. On the Ilahi era and reckoning see below, § 4, p. Ixi.
 
 xiv AKBAR. 
 
 In many of these successful sieges the guns were served 
 by Enghsh artillerymen. The Deccan provinces, how- 
 ever, in spite of this triumphant record, were still in a 
 disturbed state at the time of Akbar's death, which 
 occurred in October, 1605 (1014), when he was sixty- 
 three years of age. 
 
 The preceding brief catalogue of Akbar's campaigns, 
 by which he obtained and kept control over an empire 
 which stretched from Kabul to Dhakka and from Kashmir 
 to Ahmadnagar, is necessary to the numismatist ;* but 
 these warlike triumphs form but a small part of his 
 claim to our admiration. In dealing with the difficulties 
 arising in the government of a peculiarly heterogeneous 
 empire, he stands absolutely supreme among oriental 
 sovereigns, and may even challenge comparison with the 
 greatest of European rulers. It may be true, as Mr. 
 Keene urges, that he owed much of his success to the 
 example of organization set by his able predecessor, 
 Sher Shah ; and it is certain that he was deeply indebted 
 to the talents of advisers like Todar Mai and Abu-1-Fazl ; 
 but the wisdom of the monarch is shown in the choice 
 of his ministers and in his receptivity to tlie teaching 
 of history. A dozen Burleighs could not have built up 
 the power of England in the sixteenth century without 
 the vigorous mind of Elizabeth to inspire and control 
 them ; and all the Todar Mais in Hindustan could not 
 have welded together into an abiding empire the races, 
 states, and religions of India in the sixteenth century 
 without the aid and countenance of the commanding 
 genius of Akbar. He was himself the spring and fount 
 of the sagacious policy of his government ; and the proof 
 of the soundness of his system is the continuance of the 
 Moghul Empire after his death, in spite of the follies 
 
 * See the records of these conquests oa the coins themselves, infra , 
 p. li.
 
 AKBAR. XV 
 
 and vices of his successors, until it was undone by a 
 deliberate reversal of his policy in the bigoted reaction 
 of his great-grandson Aurangzib. To have united 
 under one firm government Hindiis and Muhammadans, 
 Shi'ah and Sunnis^ Rajputs and Afghans, and all the 
 numerous races and tribes of Hindustan, was a Herculean 
 task the difficulty of which can be adequately appre- 
 ciated only by those who know the force of caste pre- 
 judices and religious obstinacy in Indian history. 
 Akbar was the first Indian sovereign who solved the 
 problem, if only temporarily. Our own administrators 
 have perhaps at length succeeded in mastering it after a 
 century of perplexing experience. 
 
 To comment in detail on Akbar's system of govern- 
 ment is beyond the present purpose. It will be sufficient 
 to indicate a few salient features in his policy. His chief 
 difficulties lay in the diversity and jealousies of the races 
 and religions with which he had to deal. He met them 
 by wise toleration. In religion, his latitude went to 
 perhaps fantastic lengths. He encouraged Portuguese 
 priests and Christian pictures and statues; established 
 a hall, called the Diwan-i Khas or 'Ibadat Khanah, 
 " Hall of Worship,^^ for the discussion of philosophical 
 and religious problems by men of diverse opinions; 
 sanctioned something approaching sun-worship, and 
 introduced the solar reckoning of time and the 
 Persian months ; abolished* the Kalimah, or Muham- 
 madan profession of faith, on the money and in state 
 documents, &c., and substituted the simple formula, 
 Allahu Akbar, ''God is most great,^' with the re- 
 sponse, Jalla Jaldluhu, " Glorified be his glory. ^' 
 In short, he set up an eclectic pantheism, in the 
 place of Islam, and selected from various creeds what 
 he thought worthy of admiration, just as he selected 
 
 * See below, p. Ixvii.
 
 xvi AKBAR. 
 
 his wives from different nations and creeds, Hindu, 
 Christian, and Muslim, with an impartiality never 
 ventured upon by previous Muhammadan sovereigns. 
 Whatever good or harm his Din or Tauliid Ildhi, "■ Divine 
 Monotheism," may have done, the practical side of it, as 
 shown in the abolition of all taxes upon religious non- 
 conformity, was a strong influence towards consolidating 
 the empire by making all subjects equal in the sight of 
 the tax-gatherer. To conciliate the prejudices of race, 
 he adopted the principle of reinstating evicted Eajas as 
 tributary chiefs of the empire. He employed Hindus, 
 Shi'ah, and Sunnis equally, and conferred like honours 
 upon each denomination. To form the leading men of 
 all races and creeds into a loyal body, he established a 
 sort of feudal aristocracy, called mansabddrs, who were 
 in receipt of salaries or held lands direct from the crown, 
 on condition of supplying men and elephants for the 
 imperial armies : the ranks were graduated like the 
 degrees of chin in the modern Russian bureaucracy, 
 and, like them again, the rank was not hereditary. A 
 similar system was employed in Egypt at the time of 
 the Mamluk Sultans, from whom Akbar may have 
 derived the idea. Its merits in India were unquestion- 
 able. Hindus and Moghuls and Persians stood on an 
 equality as " Amirs of 5000 " or " of 500 " men, and all 
 were under the command of one of the chief officers of 
 the empire, the AmIr-al-Umara, or Premier Noble — the 
 Earl Marshal of Hindustan. The dangers of a territorial 
 aristocracy (which in some form the mansahddrs were sure 
 to become) were minimised by a rigorously equitable 
 inspection and collection of the land rents, which formed 
 the bulk of the state revenue (about 10 crores* of rupees). 
 
 * The crore {karor) is 100 lakhs of 100,000 rupees, and is there- 
 fore equal to 10,000,000 rupees, or, taking the rupee at 2s. 3d. of 
 English money of the time, 1,125,0002. sterling.
 
 JAHANQIB. xvii 
 
 Other duties had been extensively remitted, and the 
 taxation on the whole was light, the currency was 
 admirable, and the laws were improved. 
 
 Akbar's portrait has been drawn by his son Jahangir. 
 He was somewhat over the middle height, with a wheat- 
 coloured complexion, inclining to dark ; his eyes and eye- 
 brows were black ; his body stout, the chest and brow 
 open ; and his arms and fingers were long. His voice 
 was ringing, and in spite of his lack of education his 
 speech was elegant. " His manners and habits were 
 quite different from other people's, and his countenance 
 was full of godlike dignity."* 
 
 Akbar was followed by his son Salim,t born of a 
 Eajput princess in 1569 (977), who was proclaimed 
 Emperor, 21st October, 1605 (8 Jumada II., 1014), with 
 the style of Nur-ad-din ("Light of the Faith'') Muhammad 
 JahIngir ("World-grasper"). He was thirty-seven 
 years old, and maturity had in some degree mellowed 
 his character. He had more than once broken into open 
 insurrection against his father; he was suspected on 
 very good grounds of having instigated the murder of 
 Akbar's trusted friend and minister, Abu-1-Fazl ; he 
 was possessed of a violent and arbitrary temper; and 
 he was a notorious and habitual drunkard. After his 
 accession, however, he displayed little or nothing of his 
 former ferocity, and became almost amiable. Indeed, 
 Sir Thomas Roe describes him, after dinner, as " very 
 affable, and full of gentle conversation.''^ He treated 
 rebellious officers with clemency ; and he not only issued 
 a treatise against tobacco and an edict against intem- 
 perance, but himself set the example by seriously 
 reforming his own habits. In his marvellously candid 
 
 * Tuzak-i JaMngiri, ED. vi. 290. f See tlie coins, Nos. 288, 289. 
 
 J Letter to Archbp. of Canterbury, 29 Jan. 1615, apud Pinkerton, 
 Coil, of Voyages, viii. 46. 
 
 C
 
 xviii JAHANQIE. 
 
 Memoirs^ he relates how (like his wretched brothers, Murad 
 and Daniyal)he had been addicted to intoxicating liquors 
 from the age of eighteen, and used to drink as much as 
 twenty cups a day, at first of wine, then of " double- 
 distilled liquor," of such potency that it made Sir Thomas 
 Roe sneeze, to the delight of the whole Court. But as time 
 went on, he says, he became sensible of the injury he 
 was doing himself, and in seven years he reduced 
 his allowance to six or seven cups ; restricted his 
 potations to the evening ; and finally, he avers, he drank 
 only to assist digestion,f though he admits that he 
 indulged excessively in the use of opium. William 
 Hawkins, (a cousin of the famous Sir Richard) who lived 
 for two years in intimate attendance upon " the Mogul," 
 confirms, in the main, these alcoholic statistics, but makes 
 it clear that even the five or six cups of the Emperor's 
 reduced allowance overcame him to such a degree that 
 " being in the height of his drink," he fell into heavy 
 sleep, from which he was roused for supper by his 
 attendants, who had to feed the incapable monarch, J 
 " This done," adds Sir Thomas Roe, " he turned to sleep ; 
 the candles were popped out : and I groped my way out 
 in the dark."§ The subject possesses a numismatic 
 interest, inasmuch as Jahangir, with the imabashed 
 frankness for which he is noted, had himself portrayed 
 upon some of his coins in the attitude of holding a 
 drinking-cup in his hand.|| 
 
 * There are two distinct versions of the Tuzak-i JahdngM (also 
 called the Wdki'dt-i JahdngM), or Memoirs of Jahangir. One was 
 translated by Major David Price (Or. Transl. Fund, 1829); the other 
 by Atkinson [Asiat. Misc. ii. 77). The latter is the better version, and 
 was continued by Muhammad Hadf. Extracts are given in ED. vi. 
 
 t WdWdt-i Jahdngiri, ED. vi. 285, 341, 500. 
 
 :J: The Hawkins' Voyages, 437, edited by Clements K, Markham 
 (Hakluyt Society, no. 57). 
 
 § Sir Thomas Roe's Journal, apud Pinkerton, viii. 10. 
 
 II See Coins, Nos. 317-321, and the remarks, p. Ixsx.
 
 NUR-JAHAN. xix 
 
 He was, no doubt, influenced towards a healthier mode 
 of life by his wife, the celebrated Niir-Mahall {" Light of 
 the Palace"), afterwards called Nur-Jahdn ("Light of 
 the World"). This lady, whose maiden name was 
 Muhr-an-Nisa, or " Seal of Womankind," had attracted 
 the admiration of Jahangir when he was crown-prince ; 
 but Akbar married her to a young Turkoman and settled 
 them in Bengal. After Jahangir's accession the husband 
 was killed in a quarrel with the governor of the province, 
 and the wife was placed under the care of one of Akbar's 
 widows, with whom she remained during four years, and 
 then married Jahangir (1610). There is nothing to 
 justify a suspicion of the Emperor's connivance in the 
 husband's death; nor do Indian historians corroborate 
 the invidious criticisms of "Normal" by European 
 travellers : on the contrary, they portray Nur-Mahall as 
 a pattern of all the virtues, and worthy to wield the 
 supreme influence which she obtained over the Emperor. 
 " By degrees," says Muhammad Hadi, the continuer of 
 Jahangir's Memoirs, " she became, except in name, 
 undisputed sovereign of the empire, and the king him- 
 self became a tool in her hands. He used to say that 
 Nur- Jahan Begam has been selected, and is wise enough, 
 to conduct the matters of state, and that he wanted only 
 a bottle of wine and piece of meat to keep himself 
 merry. Nur- Jahan won golden opinions from all people. 
 She was liberal and just to all who begged her support. 
 She was an asylum for all sufferers, and helpless girls 
 were married at the expense of her private purse. She 
 must have portioned about five hundred girls in her life- 
 time, and thousands were grateful for her generosity."* 
 Her beauty and wisdom were universally extolled, and 
 her devotion to her royal husband was attested by the 
 
 * ED. vi. 398-9.
 
 XX JAHANOIB. 
 
 white robes she wore in her long retirement during her 
 eighteen years of widowhood till her death in 1645. 
 Jahangir's queen, like his bottle, claims a place in numis- 
 matics, for the historian records that " coins were struck 
 in her name, and the royal seal on firmans bore her 
 signature." That his statement as to coins is correct, 
 the Catalogue will prove,"^ though Tavernier's story of 
 her having designed and issued the famous zodiacal 
 mohrs is certainly erroneous. f 
 
 Sir Thomas Roe gives a detailed picture of the Court 
 and life of Jahaugir, in which the daily levees of the 
 Emperor formed a feature corresponding to our Court 
 Circular. '' The Mogul every morning shows himself to 
 the common people at a window that looks into the plain 
 before his gate. At noon he is there again to see 
 elephants and wild beasts fight, the men of rank being 
 under him within a rail. Hence he retires to sleep 
 among his women. After noon he comes to the Durbar. 
 After supper, at eight of the clock, he comes down to the 
 Guzalcan, a fair court . . . where none are admitted but 
 of the first quality, and few of them without leave. 
 Here he discourses of indifferent things very afi'ably. No 
 business of state is done anywhere but at one of these 
 two last places, where it is publicly canvassed, and so 
 registered ; which register might be seen for two shillings, 
 and the common people know as much as the council. . . . 
 This method is never altered unless sickness or drink 
 obstruct it ; and this must be known, for if he be unseen 
 without a reason assigned, the people would mutiny; 
 and for two days no excuse will serve, but the doors 
 must be opened, and some admitted to see him to satisfy 
 others. On Tuesday he sits in judgment, and hears the 
 meanest person's complaints, examines both parties, and 
 often sees execution done by his elephants."J 
 
 * See Coins, Nos. 513-526. f See below, p. Ixxxi. 
 
 J Sir Thomas Koe's Journal, apud Pinkerton, viii. 6.
 
 JAHANGIR. xxi 
 
 Under Jaliaagir the Moghul empire retained almost 
 the same boundaries as under his father. The Deccan 
 provinces acquired more independence, however, and 
 the Marathas began to be heard of for the first time. 
 Bengal and Udaipur were, as usual, the scenes of in- 
 surrection, and Kandahar passed into the possession of 
 the Persian Shah in 1622, and remained lost to the 
 Moghuls till 1637. The government of the country was 
 carried on, at least nominally, on Akbar's lines, and 
 no innovations, political or religious, were hazarded. 
 Toleration was the order of the day, as in Akbar's time. 
 Father Francisco Corsi was a jpersona grata at Court, and 
 Jahaugir appeared to favour Christianity, and had two of 
 his nephews baptized : but the motive of this was said 
 to be either to bar the possible succession of the two 
 princes to the throne, or to provide a means of importing 
 Portuguese wives into the family. When the Jesuits 
 declined to sanction such alliances, the Christianated 
 youths recanted without hesitation, ^ It is true the 
 Hijrah reckoning was revived in place of the new 
 Ilahi era, but the years of the reign still continued 
 to be calculated on the solar principle, and the Persiaii 
 names of the solar months were retained. The general 
 tranquillity was due partly to the prestige of Akbar's 
 example, and partly to the ability of Jahangir's queen 
 and ministers, especially Mahabat Khan, an Afghan 
 of Kabul, Asaf Khan, Nur-Jahan's brother, and the 
 Emperor's able son, Khurram, afterwards Shah-Jahan, 
 who combined valuable services as a general with 
 frequent rebellion as heir-apparent. Nevertheless, the 
 seeds of corruption were being profusely sown. The 
 accounts of European travellers, such as James I.''s ambas- 
 sador. Sir Thomas Eoe, and his chaplain Edward Terry, 
 William Hawkins, Sir Thomas Herbert, and Pietro della 
 
 * AV. Hawkins, I. c. 438 ; Roe uhi supra, 47.
 
 xxii JAEANGIR. 
 
 Valle, who visited the Moghul court at Agrah or Ajmir, or 
 travelled in India between 1608 and 1626, unanimously 
 condemn the venality and inefficiency of the administra- 
 tion. The provinces and sirkars were farmed by con- 
 tractors, the military spirit was weakened, the country 
 was a prey to brigands, and every one, from Nur- 
 Jaban downwards, was greedy of gifts,* Travellers' 
 tales are proverbially to be accepted with caution, but 
 the picture of the court of Jahaugir drawn by so capable 
 an observer as Sir Thomas Roe cannot lightly be set 
 aside, even when it forms a glaring contrast to that of 
 the native chroniclers. f 
 
 Jahangirdied in November, 1627 (28 Safar, 1037)t on 
 his way back from one of his frequent visits to the cool 
 valleys of Kashmir. His portrait, after a contemporary 
 picture, is given by Terry, § and shows us a somewhat 
 truculent hon vivaiit. He was buried in a splendid 
 mausoleum at Lahore, and near him in a humbler tomb 
 lies his renowned empress, Niir-Jahjiu. The last years 
 of his reign had been clouded by intrigues for the 
 succession, and his death was the signal for usurpation. 
 His undoubted heir was Shah- Jahan, but his youngest 
 son, Shahriydr, had married Nur-Jahau's daughter, and 
 by the mother's advice proclaimed himself Emperor at 
 Lahore, whither he had lately retired in great confusion 
 at the humiliating disappearance of his hair and eyebrows 
 by the ravages of the "fox's disease." The dowager's 
 
 * Roe's Journal, apud Pinkerton, viii, 35. 
 
 f In his History of Hindustan, Mr. Keene follows the native 
 chroniclers pei"haps too exclusively. Mr. Wheeler, on the other hand, 
 entirely repudiates them (except Badaoni, whose detractions fit in 
 with his own views), and relies, with almost superstitious credulity, 
 upon every scrap of European testimony. 
 
 X Mu'tamad Khan, Ikbdl-ndmah, ED. vi. 435. 
 
 § Terry's Voyage, 446, at end of Travels of Pietro della Valle (a 
 Nohle Roman) into East-India, &c., transl. G. Havers, 1665. Colonel 
 Hanna possesses two admirable contemporary portraits of Jahangir.
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. xxiii 
 
 brotlier, Asaf, however, had scruples about prolonging 
 her virtual reign, and possessed a royal son-in-law 
 of his own in the most capable of the princes, Shah- 
 Jahan : * accordingly, he set up a faineant Emperor, 
 Bulaki, a grandson of Jahangir, with the title of 
 Ddivar Balchsh (" God-given^',) as a stop-gap, while 
 he despatched an express to Shah-Jahan to announce 
 his father's death. Asaf then defeated, bliaded, and 
 eventually executed Shahriyar — who was known by the 
 nickname of iV^rt-s/aic?a?ii ("Do-nothing"); the "Winter 
 King," Dawar Bakhsh, vanished — probably to Persia 
 — after his three months'" pretence of royalty ; and on 
 25th January, 1628 (18 Jumada I., 1037),t Shah-Jahan 
 ascended at Agrah the throne which he was to occupy 
 for thirty years. 
 
 Shah-Jahan Shihab-ad-din (" Lord of the World, Flame 
 of the Faith ") was born in 1592 (1000 A.H.), and was 
 thirty-six when he came to the throne. J His mother was 
 a Hindu, the daughter of the Rana of Marwar, and his 
 paternal grandmother was also a Rajput, so that he was 
 more Indian than Moghul. Nevertheless, by the influence 
 of his Muhammadan wife, he acquired a certain tinge of 
 intolerance entirely foreign to his indolent easy-going 
 father and broad-minded grandfather. His bigotry was 
 scarcely skin-deep, however ; for he permitted Jesuit 
 missions in his capital and at his eldest son^s court, and 
 placed Hindus in command of his armies. His wars 
 were chiefly in the Deccan, where Bijapur and Golkondah 
 were reduced to temporary submission and paid tribute, 
 
 * Arjtnand Banu, "Noble Princess," the daughter of Asaf, and 
 favourite wife of Shah-Jahan, and mother of his eight sons and six 
 daughters, died in 1631 : her monument is the celebrated Taj-Mahall 
 at Agrah. t ED. vii. 6. 
 
 X There is an admirableportrait of him, reproduced in colours, from 
 Colonel Hanna's collection, in Mr. Constable's scholarly edition of 
 Bernier's Trarels {Constable's Oriental Miscellany, vol. i.).
 
 xxiv SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 1635 (1045); and in Afghanistan, where the Moghul 
 arms were unsuccessful, as they were also in some 
 fruitless expeditions into Tibet. Kandahar, however, 
 returned for a while to its allegiance in 1637, though 
 recaptured by the Persians in 1648. Many of these 
 campaigns were conducted by Shah-Jahan's son, Aurang- 
 zib, who proved himself a good soldier and able general, 
 and, by winning the respect and devotion of his troops, 
 prepared himself for an ambitious career. 
 
 Shah-Jahan's reign is chiefly notable for the general 
 tranquillity of the undiminished empire under the stable 
 government of men like Asaf Khan, Sa'd-allah 'Allami, 
 and 'All Mardan. Tavernier eulogizes the paternal 
 government of the Emperor, " like a father over his 
 family," and testifies to the security of the roads, and 
 the just administration of the law. A Hindu writer 
 extols the equity of his rule, his wise treatment of his 
 tenants and management of his estates, the probity of 
 his courts of law, his personal supervision of the revenue 
 accounts, and the general prosperity of the empire 
 during his reign.* Shah-Jahan was a great builder, 
 as his works at Agrah and New Dehli, and his great 
 canal, attest to this day. A single item in his budget is 
 two and a half crores (nearly 3,000,000?) for public 
 edifices. His court at Lahore, or in summer in Kashmir, 
 or at his magnificent palace-suburb of New Dehli, called 
 Shahjahanabad (which was completed in a.h. 1058, after 
 building ten years), was splendid and refined, according 
 to the accounts of European visitors. The Augustinian 
 friar, Manrique, who came to inspect the Jesuit missions 
 at Agrah, found the prime minister, Asaf Khan, at 
 Lahore in a splendid palace decorated with paintings, 
 some of which were of scenes in Christian hagiology 
 
 * Rdi Bhara Mai, ED. vii. 171.
 
 DABA, MURAD, SHUJA'. xxv 
 
 He dined witli the minister and the Emperor himself, 
 and observed that unveiled ladies were at the table.* 
 The taxation must have been heavy to meet the outlay 
 of this sumptuous court, and we read of no fewer 
 than eighty varieties of imposts. The revenue is said to 
 have risen during the reign from the value of about 
 17,000,000Z. to 20,000,OOOZ. We possess ample Euro- 
 pean evidence for the history and life of the period in 
 the travels of Mandelslo, Bernier, Tavernier, and others, 
 whilst a little later the Italian physician, Manouchi or 
 Manucci, wrote his observations made during a long 
 residence at the Moghul court.f Great variety of re- 
 ligious opinion prevailed among the imperial family. 
 Dara Shikoh, the eldest son, was a freethinker, with a 
 leaning to Christianity, encouraged by three Jesuit 
 priests in his suite. Two of the Emperor's daughters 
 were Christians, and Aurangzib was a bigoted Muslim. 
 Murad Bakhsh and Shuja' were cai-eless and self-indulgent. 
 The rivalry of the brothers broke out into open conflict 
 in 1657 (1067), when Shah-Jahan, who was residing 
 atDehli, was attacked by strangury. J Dara immediately 
 took upon himself the office of Regent, and intercepted 
 all communications with his brothers in the outlying 
 provinces. When the news of the Emperor's illness 
 at length became known, general confusion ensued, and 
 
 * Itinerario of F. Sebastian Manrique, Eeligioso Eremita de 
 S. Agustin, 37i (Roma, 1649). 
 
 t They have all been ti-anslated into English. See The Voyages and 
 Travels of J. Albert de Mandelslo, 1638-40, in Adam Olearius's Voyages 
 and Travels of the Ambassadors sent by Frederick, DvJce of Holstein, to 
 the great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia, transl. J. Davies, 
 1662. Ta vernier's Six Voyages have recently been re-translated by 
 v. Ball, 18S9, and Bernier has been excellently edited by Mr. Archi- 
 bald Constable, 1891. Manucci's observations wore edited and un- 
 fortunately garbled by Pere Francois Catron (1705) and translated 
 into English in 1709. 
 
 f Khafi Khan, 3Iuntakhab-al-hi,bdb, ED. vii. 21i-19. 
 
 d
 
 xxvi A UBANGZIB. 
 
 rebellion, long pent up, burst fortb. Prince Murdd 
 BahJish {" Desire-attained ") declared himself King in 
 Gujarat, and struck coins in bis own name.* Shuja' 
 did tbe like in Bengal, and advanced upon Agrab.f 
 Aurangzib was watching events from bis camp in tbe 
 Deccan. Dara and bis invalid father moved from Debli 
 to Agrali to meet these dangers ; an army under Jai 
 Singh, tbe Raja of Ambar, defeated Shuja', who, after 
 some further resistance, fled to Burmah and dis- 
 appeared (1660); and another army under another 
 Hindu, Maharaja Jas want Singh, was sent against Murad, 
 who was joined early in 1658 by his brother Aurangzib, 
 for his own ends, but nominally with the intention of 
 supporting Murad's claim to the throne. A decisive 
 battle was fought atDharmatpur,nearUjjain,in April, and 
 the two brothers routed the imperial forces. A second 
 victory near Agrab and the flight of Dara opened the way to 
 the royal city. Shah- Jahan, though somewhat recovered 
 from his illness, was made a prisoner, June, 1658 (1068), 
 and remained in captivity at Agrah till his death eight 
 years later, in 1666 (Rajab, 1076). Murad Bakhsh was 
 rudely undeceived by his astute brother, and sent to a 
 dungeon at Dehli, where he was eventually murdered 
 (1662). Dara was caught later, paraded in ignominy 
 through the streets of Shahjahanabad, and executed in 
 his prison (1659). J 
 
 Aurangzib's road to the throne was now clear. He 
 pretended at first to be acting as his father's deputy ; 
 but the farce could not long be kept up, and in May 
 1659 (1069) he was proclaimed Emperor with the style 
 of Muhayyi-ad-din Aurangzib 'ALAMGfR ("Preserver 
 of the Faith, Throne-adorner, World-grasper "). Born 
 
 * See Coins, Nos. 692-700. f See Coins, Noa. 690, 691. 
 
 J Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 221-46, 266, 275.
 
 A URANOZIB. xxvii 
 
 in A.H. 1028, he was forty years of age at his accession. 
 His mother's strict Muslim teaching, dei'ived from her 
 aunt Nur-Jahan, bore fruit in the son. Aurangzib 
 was a fanatical Muslim, and a man of strongly marked 
 character, with all the courage of his opinions, and 
 one whose prejudices make themselves felt. Jahangir 
 and Shah-Jahan had not been at the pains to bring 
 any original ideas to bear upon their government. 
 They had no gift of initiative, but were content to 
 take Akbar's empire as they found it, and let things 
 go on as usual. Provided that Jahangir had his 
 bottle and Shah-Jahan his stately Peacock Throne 
 and all that it implied, they were content to let well 
 alone. But for the soundness of Akbar's polity, and 
 the wisdom of a series of able ministers, the empire 
 might hardly have survived two such easy-going 
 monarchs. 
 
 In Aurangzib the people soon found that they had 
 to deal with a very different sort of ruler. Not only was 
 he a man with an idea, but he possessed the business 
 capacity and attention to details which enabled him to 
 carry his idea into practice. To him the Moghul empire 
 was not so much a possession to be skilfully managed 
 with the wisdom of this world, as a trust from God to be 
 watched over, as a province of Islam. His wars in the 
 Deccan, which occupied much of his energy throughout 
 his long reign, were not so much prompted by ambition 
 or the spirit of aggrandisement, as inspired by the 
 zeal of a propagandist eager to bring pagan provinces 
 within the pale of a Muhammadan empire. In every 
 department of government the puritanical and bigoted 
 Musalman revealed himself. He began by abolishing 
 the heretical solar year and Persian months of Akbar, 
 and restoring not only the Hijrah reckoning (which 
 Jahangir had reinstated), but the lunar system for the
 
 xxviii A URANQZIB. 
 
 regnal years and the Arab names of the months* The 
 significant New Year's festival, or Nauroz, celebrated at 
 the vernal equinox, was strictly prohibited. The worldly 
 luxury of Shah-Jahan's court was exchanged for an 
 austerity worthy of a Wahhabi tent, and the Emperor him- 
 self not only practised extreme asceticism, but followed 
 the Prophet's precept in plying a trade for his own 
 support. He embroidered skull-caps, and, like a literary 
 bootmaker of our own day, he doubtless achieved a 
 succes d'estime. He disliked the ostentation of the daily 
 levees, when crowds came to stare at the Emperor as 
 he sat in his belvedere of state ; and in abolishing the 
 custom, which was as reassuring as a Court Circular, he 
 materially diminished his personal influence over the 
 people. He stirred up religious jealousies, by taxing 
 Muslim traders less than Hindus, and exasperated the 
 latter, who formed the large majority of his subjects, by 
 demolishing hundreds of their temples and throwing 
 down their idols. He infuriated the Rajputs by attempt- 
 ing to circumcise the Raja of Marwar's sons and make 
 Muslims of them. He crowned his oppression of the 
 Hindus by reimposing the poll-tax, a duty on heresy, which 
 had never been levied since Akbar abolished it. For such 
 measures as these he was finally mobbed in the streets, 
 but the stern old bigot trampled down the crowds by a 
 charge of his war-elephants. Such a policy in the land 
 of the Hindus was madness, and led surely to the loosing 
 of those ties which Akbar had striven to knit. Nor 
 could it be consistently carried out, as Aurangzib con- 
 fessed by his own acts. He had himself married two 
 Hindu wives, and he wedded his son Mu'azzam (after- 
 wards the Emperor Bahadur) to a Hindu princess, as his 
 forefathers had done before him, and thereby promoted 
 
 * Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 211.
 
 AURANGZIB. xxix 
 
 a mixture of blood which had conduced in a high degree 
 to the improvement of their race ; he employed HiuduSj 
 like Jaswant Singh and Jai Singh and others, in positions 
 of high trust, and graciously adopted a condescending 
 attitude towards the English of Bombay and Calcutta. 
 
 By his strenuous advocacy of Muhammadanism he 
 alienated the Hindus and paved the way for later dis- 
 affection. By his continual aggression and interference 
 in the Deccan he brought the Moghul empire into con- 
 tact with forces which it could neither assimilate nor 
 subdue, and thus really weakened while he seemed to 
 extend his realm. He stirred up the Marathas, whom 
 he never overcame, but left as a disastrous heritage 
 to his successors. By his ineradicable habit of mis- 
 trust and suspicion he disheartened his ministers, and 
 alienated his sons, one at least of whom, Mu'azzam, 
 was inclined to be dutiful to the point of excess. Of 
 his five sons, the eldest, Muhammad (sometimes called 
 Mahmud) threw in his lot with Shuja', and died in 
 prison (1677). The second, of a Hindu mother, was 
 Mu'azzam, who succeeded him : he, too, was imprisoned 
 for some time by his father on groundless suspicion. 
 The third and fourth, A'zam and Akbar, were children of 
 a Persian lady. Once at least A'zam was on the verge 
 of rebellion, and Ahbar in 1682 openly espoused the 
 cause of the insurgent Rajputs, assumed the attributes 
 of sovereignty, and was driven into exile and died in 
 Persia about 1706. The youngest, Kam Bakhsh, whose 
 mother was a Hindu, became insubordinate in the Deccan 
 and was put under arrest, only to fall later on in a rebel- 
 lion against his brother. 
 
 In the midst of such troubles, but brave, resolute, 
 and resourceful to the last, Aurangzib 'Alamgir died, 
 March 1707 (28 Zii-1-ka'dah 1118),* at the age of 
 
 * Khafi Kban, ED. vii, 386.
 
 XXX AURANQZIB. 
 
 almost ninety. " The instant which has been passed in 
 power," he wrote, " has left only sorrow behind it, I 
 have not been the guardian and protector of the empire/' 
 With all his marvellous vitality and power of work, he 
 had failed to achieve success, and had placed his empire 
 on the verge of a slope down which it slid irresistibly 
 to dissolution. His narrow and suspicious nature could 
 not inspire enthusiasm or devotion. " The period/' 
 Mr. Keene says,* ^' is dull and depressing; barren of 
 great ideas, great transactions, and great men. With an 
 abundance of energy and many talents and even virtues, 
 the Emperor was one of those singular human beings 
 who combine a hot head with a cold heart, and, having 
 the courage and ambition to achieve power, lack the 
 unscrupulousness by which alone — iu such conditions as 
 his — power can be permanently supported and exercised. 
 To this day his name retains its hold in the memory of 
 Indian Muslims as that of the greatest of their rulers ; 
 and writers nearer the time can hardly find words to 
 express their admiration of him who unquestionably 
 prepared the ruin of his dynasty. His misfortunes 
 were those of a bold, nai'row-minded, suspicious, and 
 centralising egotist. As his father said of him, in terms 
 that he himself records, ' Aurangzib excelled both in 
 action and in counsel and was well fitted to undertake 
 the burden of affairs ; but he was full of subtle sus- 
 picion, and never likely to find any one whom he could 
 trust.' " 
 
 Yet when this last of the truly Great Moghuls died in 
 1707 there was little to indicate that the wide empire 
 which he had ruled for half a century was destined to 
 crumble in hardly more than the same period before the 
 inroads of savage mountaineers and the steady encroach- 
 
 * Op. cit. 220. See his character in ED. vii. 167 ff.
 
 A URANQZIB. xxxi 
 
 ment of European traders. All the old provinces of 
 Hindustan remained in undisturbed tranquillity. His 
 money bears witness to the extent of his dominions. 
 We find his name on coins issued at nearly forty different 
 mints :* Kabul and Kashmir ; Lahore and Multan in the 
 Panjab ; Bhakkar on the Indus ; Tattah further south 
 in Sind ; Junagarh in Kathiawar ; Ahmadabad, Surat^ and 
 Cambay in Gujarat ; Ajmir in Rajputana ; Shahjahanabad, 
 Sirhind, and Baraili in the suhah or province of Dehli ; 
 Akbarabad (Agrah), Narnol, Etawah, in the province of 
 Biana; Lucknow in Oudh ; Zafarabad in the Allahabad 
 suhah; Akbarnagar and Patnah in Bihar ; Makhsusabad 
 {i.e. Murshidabad), Jahangirnagar (Dhakka), and Islam- 
 abad (Chittagong), in Bengal, South of the Vindhya 
 mountains, the testimony of the currency to the 
 Emperor's sway is equally positive. We have coins 
 bearing his name from the mints of Burhanpur in 
 Khandesh, from Ahmadnagar and Aurangabad in Berar; 
 further south, from Sholapur, Golkondah, Bijapur, 
 and Haidarabad ; and even from Masulipatan and 
 Chinapatan (Madras), far down on the Coromandel coast. 
 All India, save the very apex of the Deccan triangle, 
 owned the authority of Aurangzib. 
 
 In Akbar's reign, India had been originally divided 
 into twelve suhahs or provinces : Agrah, Allahabad, 
 Oudh, Bihar, Bengal, Dehli, Lahore, Multan, Ajmir, 
 Malwah, Gujarat, Kabul (with Kashmir) ; to which were 
 added at a later date Khandesh, Berar, and Ahmadnagar. 
 In Aurangzib's time there were twenty provinces: 
 Gondwana, Aurangabad, Bijapur, Haidarabad, and Bidar 
 were added in the Deccan. The mode of government in 
 these provinces has been ably described by Bernier in a 
 
 * In the British Museum and in the list published by Mr. C. J. 
 Eodgers in the Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for 1883.
 
 xxxii A'ZAM. 
 
 letter to the French minister Colbert.* The system of 
 military feofs continued much as in Akbar's time, and 
 many of these territorial lords were Hindus ; they re- 
 ceived high salaries, sometimes paid in land, in return 
 for which they maintained a body of retainers, well 
 armed and mounted for the service of the Emperor. 
 The provinces, districts, and cities had their governors, 
 and the administration by all accounts appears to have 
 been fairly good for an oriental system : Manouchi in- 
 deed thought it " little inferior to that of other nations,^' 
 though murder and robbery were undoubtedly far from 
 infrequent crimes. 
 
 The history of the Moghul empire after the death of 
 Aurangzlb is a chronicle of weakness in the sovereigns 
 and disintegration in the realm. Seventeen princes 
 exercised the royal prerogative of coinage between 1707 
 and 1857 (some of whom, however, were usurpers or 
 unsuccessful claimants for the throne), and not one of 
 these displayed the capacity of a ruler. Aurangzib's 
 eldest surviving son, Mu'azzam (''Very Mighty"), who 
 had been given the title of Shah-'Alam or " Lord of the 
 World," was governor of Kabul at the time of his father's 
 death, and in his absence, and in default of evidence of 
 the late Emperoi''s having named a successoi', the next 
 brother, Aham (" Mightiest ") Shah, assumed the func- 
 tions of royalty and struck coins, 1707 (1118) ,t supported 
 by Asad Khan and his son Zu-l-Fikar, who led what may 
 be called the Persian faction, as opposed to that of the 
 Afghans and Turks, in the internal politics of Hindustan. 
 Meanwhile Mu'azzam, accompanied by his sons, came 
 down from Kabul, and, joined by the able governor of 
 the Panjab, Mun'im Khan, occupied Dehli and Agrah. 
 
 * Bernier's Travels (Coiistahlc's Oriental Misc. i.), 200 ff. 
 t See Coins, Nos. 847-851.
 
 BAHADUR. xsxiii 
 
 Then, with the magnanimity which was his best 
 characteristic, the gentle prince offered to share the 
 empire with his brother. A^zam would not listen to 
 terms, however, and the brothers fought on the plains 
 near Agrah, where A'zam was slain and his army defeated, 
 June, 1707 (18 Rabf I. 1119).* Asad and Zu-1-Fikar 
 were treated with the new emperor's habitual clemency, 
 and the former was reinstated as prime minister. 
 Mu'azzam then ascended the throne under the title of 
 Shah-'Alam Bahadur (" Valiant ") Shah. He was then 
 a man of sixty -four ; naturally of a conciliatory and 
 merciful disposition, the blood he drew from his Hindii 
 mother made him benignant to his Indian subjects, and 
 should have recommended him to his kinsmen, the refrac- 
 tory Rajputs. His philosophical studies indeed laid him 
 open to the charge of being too much of a Hindu for the 
 approbation of honest Muslims. Nevertheless, the seeds 
 of disaffection sown by the exclusive policy of Aurangzib 
 bore fruit, and in spite of the new Emperoi-^s concessions, 
 and especially his prudent consent to rescind the hated 
 faith-tax on non -Muslims, the Rajputs continued to nurse 
 their awakened suspicions. Another race, the Jats, a 
 tribe of brigands, nominally Muslims, who had their 
 centre about Bhurtpur, also became troublesome at this 
 time. A new and dangerous power, that of the Sikhs, 
 sprang up in the Panjab, sacked Sirhind and Saharanpur, 
 and in spite of repulses succeeded in harrying the 
 country up to the gates of Lahore. Finally, the Marathas 
 were waxing stronger and more outrageous every year. 
 The Deccan was the weakest point in the empire fi*om the 
 beginning of the reign. Hardly had Bahadur appointed 
 his youngest brother, Kdm Bakhsh (" Wish-fulfiller "), 
 viceroy of Bijapur and Haidarabad, when that infatuated 
 
 » For this period see Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 387-533. 
 
 e
 
 xxxiv BAHADUB, J AH AND All. 
 
 prince rebelled and committed such atrocities that the 
 Emperor was compelled to attack him. Zu.-1-Fikar 
 engaged and defeated the rebel king (who was strik- 
 ing coins in full assumption of sovereignty)* near 
 Haidarabad, and Kam Bakhsh died of his wounds (1708, 
 A.H. 1120). 
 
 In the midst of tbis confusion, and surrounded by- 
 portents of coming disruption, Bahadur died, 1712 (1124). 
 He left four sons, who immediately entered with the zest 
 of their race upon the struggle for the crown. The 
 eldest, 'Azim-ash-Shdn (" Strong of heart "), first assumed 
 the sceptre, but Zii-l-Fikar, the prime minister, opposed 
 and routed him, and the prince was drowned in his flight. 
 The successful general next defeated and slew two other 
 brothers, Khujistah Akhtar Jahan-Shah and Rafi'-ash- 
 Shan, and placed the surviving of the four sons of 
 Bahadur on the throne with the title of Jahandar 
 ("World-owner"). The new Emperor was an irre- 
 deemable poltroon and an abandoned debauchee. Ho 
 divided his time between a dancing-girl and low taverns, 
 whence he was brought home in a cart, and on one 
 occasion by inadvertence left there outside his own 
 palace to cool till the morning. " Night and day," says 
 Khafi, " were devoted to the lusts of this vile world. 
 It was a fine time for dancers and singers and all the 
 tribe of actors. There seemed to be a likelihood that the 
 Kazis would turn tosspots and the Muftis become 
 tipplers."t Such profligacy speedily aroused the con- 
 tempt of his subjects, and two ambitious brothers, 
 Abdallah and Husaiu, the chiefs of the Sayyids of 
 Barha, who held the posts of governors of the provinces 
 of Allahabad and Bihar, and belonged to the Persian 
 sect of the Shi'ah, selected a new candidate for the 
 Peacock Throne. 
 
 * See Coins, Nos. 852, 853. f Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 432-3.
 
 FABBUKH-SIYAR. xxxv 
 
 This was Farrukh-siyar {" Happy-natured "), son of 
 the late 'Azim-ash-Shan, and formerly governor of Bengal 
 under Bahadur.* The conspirators were successful ; the 
 imperial troops were defeated ; the slaughtered body of 
 Jahandar was placed on an elephant, and Zu-1-Fikar's 
 corpse tied to its tail in a mock funeral procession (Januai'y, 
 1713, A.H. 1124). Farrukh-siyar was almost as effeminate 
 as his predecessor, but his ministers and generals were 
 men of pith. They were able to make head against the 
 Eajputs, who gave a daughter of the Raja of Jodhpur 
 in marriage to the Emperor, whilst the Sikhs were 
 seriously discomfited and their Guru or prophet was put 
 to death with horrible barbarity. An English embassy 
 from Calcutta was in 1715 received with courtesy at 
 Dehli, and, after considerable delay, obtained certain 
 concessions which, however, they owed mainly to the 
 diplomatic skill evinced by their surgeon Hamilton in 
 operating upon a tumour which hindered the consumma- 
 tion of the Emperor^s marriage with the Rajput princess. 
 
 An estrangement had by this time grown up between 
 Farrukh-siyar and the two Sayyids, and Husain, who 
 had been appointed Viceroy of the Deccan, having 
 made a humiliating peace with the Marathas, marched 
 upon Dehli, assisted by a contingent of these marauders, 
 who for the first time enjoyed the delight of exercising 
 their predatory propensities in the capital of the Moghul 
 empire. No opposition was attempted ; Farrukh-siyar 
 hid himself among his women, whence he was dragged 
 forth, thrown into prison (February 1719, Rabi' II. 
 
 * Khafi Khan states that, on hearing of the death of Bahadur, 
 Farrukh-siyar struck coins in the name of 'Azim-ash-Shau, and, after 
 the latter's death, in his own name. No coins, however, have hitherto 
 been published with the name of 'Azim-ash-Shan ; but the mohr 
 No. 890, struck at Murshidabad, with the regnal year 1, may have 
 been issued prior to Jahandar 's death. Farrukh-siyar ignored Jahan- 
 dar's eleven months* reign, and reckoned his own from his father's 
 death. ED. vii. 439, 478, note.
 
 xxxvi BAFF-AD-DARAJAT, MUHAMMAD. 
 
 113]), and after some months executed. The same 
 year witnessed the remarkable spectacle of four princes 
 successively assuming the crown. Two of these were 
 set up in rapid sequence by the Sayyid brothers : 
 they were both sons of the late prince Rafi'-ash-Sban, 
 the son of Bahadur, and were styled Rapi'-ad-darajat 
 ("Summit of Degree"") and Rafi'-ad-daulah ("Summit 
 of the State") Shah-Jahan II. The first died in 
 four months, and the second followed him to the 
 grave after holding the nominal sceptre from May to 
 September (20 Rejeb to 11 Zu-1-KaMah, 1131). Mean- 
 while, another claimant appeared in the person of Niku- 
 siyar (" Excellent in disposition ") a son of Akbar, the 
 rebel son of Aurangzib, but he was soon disposed of, 
 though not before he had exercised the coveted privilege 
 of issuing his own money.* The empire had fallen into 
 confusion ; the contumacy of rajas was condoned with the 
 governorship of provinces ; and most of the western 
 part of Hindustan became almost independent in the 
 hands of Hindus, while the Marathas did what they 
 pleased in the Deccan. 
 
 In the midst of this anarchy Mohammad Shah ascended 
 the throne (Sept., 1719, 11 Zii-l-ka'dah, 113J).t He was 
 a son of Khujistah Akhtar and grandson of Bahadur, and 
 consequently first cousia to the three preceding puppet- 
 kings. He appears to have been only sixteen years of 
 age when he became Emperor, and at first he was forced 
 to acquiesce in the tyranny of the Sayyid brothers; 
 but the Turkish party, headed by Chin Kulich Khan, 
 soon put an end to the domination of these Persian dic- 
 tators. Their armies were defeated ; Sayyid Husain was 
 treacherously murdered, while his brother 'Abdallah, after 
 
 * See Coin Xo. 953, and Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 480-2. 
 t Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 485.
 
 MUHAMMAD. xxxvii 
 
 setting up Ihrdhim, a brother of Eafi'-ad-daulah, on the 
 throne in 1720, which he occupied for only a month 
 (9 Zu-1-Hijjah, 1132, to 12 Muharram, 1133), died in 
 captivity in 1723. Chin Kulich Khan, henceforth to be 
 known as Asaf Jah Nizam-al-Mulk, became viceroy of 
 the Deccan, and prime minister, but soon departed south 
 to administer the important province which is still ruled 
 by one of his descendants. He was, perhaps, the only 
 really great and powerful man of the reign. His 
 government of the Deccan, though always hampered 
 by the exactions of the Marathas, was generous and 
 enlightened ; he was a patron of poor scholars, and an 
 author himself; and he improved his dominions by 
 building public works, bridges, canals, and mosques. 
 He died in the plenitude of power in June, 1748, at the 
 age of over a hundred years. The struggle for the throne 
 once over, Muhammad Shah gave himself up to the self- 
 indulgence which had become the birthright of Moghul 
 Emperors, and left his kingdom to be overrun by the 
 Marathas, and to be broken up into numerous petty prin- 
 cipalities, more or less independent, from which most of 
 the present native states of India trace their origin. 
 
 The Emperor was aroused from his lethargy by an 
 overwhelming catastrophe. Nadir Shah, the usurping 
 sovereign of Persia, in response apparently to an invitation 
 from the Persian party in Hindustan, suddenly seized 
 Kandahar and Kabul in 1737, and, after laying waste the 
 Panjab, entered Lahore. The Moghul army advanced to 
 repel him, but was defeated after an obstinate battle near 
 Karnol. Negotiations for peace were already in progress 
 when Muhammad cut them short by surrendering himself 
 in Nadir's camp. The two armies fraternized and entered 
 Dehli together on 19 March, 1738 (Zu-1-Hijjah, 1151). 
 
 * See Coins, Nos. 954-7; Khafi Khan, ED. vii. 509.
 
 xxxviii INVASION OF NABIR. SHAH. 
 
 Here a passing brawl led to a tumult, and Nadir ordered 
 the streets to be swept with grape-shot. An indiscrimi- 
 nate massacre of the inhabitants ensued for nine hours, 
 during which 120,000 people are said to have been 
 slaughtered. In May the Persians marched out of 
 Dehli,* taking with them a Moghul princess and a treaty 
 by which they obtained all territories west of the Indus, 
 and leaving the Moghul empire quaking and tottering 
 after this unprecedented shock. 
 
 Ten years later Ahmad Khan the Durrani, founder of 
 the modern Afghan dynasty, attempted to emulate 
 Nadir's example by invading the Panjab and occupying 
 Lahore (1748). He was beaten oflF, for the time, by 
 the Moghuls ; but such invasions are a true index to 
 the decay of the empire. Muhammad Shah died of grief, 
 feeble and passive to the end (April, 1748, 27 Rabi' II. 
 1161). He is the last of the Moghuls who enjoyed even 
 the semblance of power, and has been called " the seal 
 of the house of Babar,'' for " after his demise everything 
 went to wreck."t 
 
 His son and successor Ahmad Shah occupied the throne 
 for fourteen years : but they were all " labour and sor- 
 row." The history of the reign is made up of the 
 continual jealousies and intrigues and open conflicts of 
 the rival Persian and Turkish factions, who fought in the 
 streets of Dehli ; the turbulence of the Jats and of the 
 Rohilas, or Afghans of Rohilkhand, an added element of 
 anarchy ; quarrels between Rajput rajas ; incursions 
 of the Marathas, who, led by chiefs of the Holkar and 
 
 * See Nadir's coins, struck at Shahjalianabad in 1152, Bhakar 115S, 
 iind Peshawar, in the Catalogue of the Coins of the Shahs of Persia in the 
 British Museum, by R. S. Poole, 80, 82 ; and others strnck at Lahore 
 1151, and in Sind (but the reading is doubtful), published by C. J. 
 Rodgers in Numismatic Chronicle III. ii. 319-26. See also ED. viii. 76. 
 
 f Siyar'al-Mutaclkhirin.
 
 AHMAD. xxxix 
 
 Sindhia lineasre — names soon to become famous in the 
 annals of British rule in India — overran Gujarat and 
 Rajputana; and unwelcome visits from Ahmad Shah 
 Durrani, who again invaded the Panjab, and only left it 
 when the Moghuls consented to hold Multan and Lahore as 
 tributary provinces of the Afghan kingdom.* The result of 
 these various disturbing elements was that, while almost 
 all India still professed fealty to the Moghul sovereign and 
 impressed his name upon the local coinage, very little 
 of the original empire really remained under his direct 
 control, except the districts bordering upon the capital. 
 "Gujarat was overrun by the Marathas; Malwah and 
 Rajputana had ceased to pay tribute or to acknowledge 
 an imperial viceroy, the former being annexed to the 
 Deccan, the latter held in sovereignty by its own rajas. 
 The Jats were independent in the country south of 
 Agrah, and the Bangash Pathans of Farrukhfxbad were 
 equally so in the central Diiab. Oudh and Allahabad were 
 practically a kingdom in the hands of Safdar Jang [son 
 of the Nizam] ; the eastern Subahs (Bihar, Bengal, and 
 Orissa) were similarly subject to the dynasty of Ilah- 
 wirdi; the Panjab was tributary to the Afghan state of 
 Kandahar; the Marathas were supreme elsewhere, save 
 where the Nizam kept them at arm's length."+ 
 
 At Dehli itself the power was in the hands of Ghazi- 
 ad-din, a nephew of Safdar Jang, whose youth (he was 
 but sixteen when he was made Amir-al-Umara, or premier 
 noble) was no measure of his audacity and ambition. 
 Dissatisfied with the inefiiciency of Ahmad, he deposed 
 and blinded him ; then, assuming the office of vazir, he 
 set up a man of fifty-five, the exemplary son of the 
 
 * Ample numismatic evidence exists of the presence of the Dnrranis 
 in tte Indus provinces. See C. J. Rodgers in Journal of the Asiatic 
 Soc. of Bengal, 1885; and M. Longworth Dames in Num. Chron. III. 
 viii. 325-63 (1888). 
 
 t Keene, op. cit. 339.
 
 xl 'ALAMGIB II. 
 
 scandalous Jahandar, with the title of 'Alamgik IL 
 (June, 1754, 11 Sha'ban, 1167)* Whatever respect the 
 new Emperor received in his diminished dominions 
 was due less to his own undeniable amiability and 
 piety than to the wisdom and courage of two men, 
 Najib-ad-daulah, the Afghan ruler of "the fifty-two 
 Parganas " or region about Saharanpiir, who presently 
 became vazir of the empire and its chief defender 
 against the Marathas ; and Shuja'-ad-daulah, who had. 
 succeeded his father Safdar Jang as Nawab of Oudh in 
 October, 1754, and who joined Najib in his efforts to 
 withstand the domination of the southern invaders. It 
 was not easy, however, to make even a show of imperial 
 government in those evil times of Moghul history ; and 
 when Ahmad Durrani again came down from Kandabar 
 and appeared at Dehli in 1757, Najib and Gbazi showed 
 their discretion in making an ally of a foe who was less 
 to be dreaded than the Marathas, inasmuch as he went 
 off when he had got the plunder he came for, whereas 
 the tribesmen of Holkar and Sindhia showed every 
 disposition to stay. Having sucked Dehli dry and 
 drained the surrounding country as far as possible, the 
 Durrani departed to Afghanistan in November, 1757, 
 taking with him a few Moghul princesses for his family, 
 and leaving Najib as Amir-al-Umara to protect the 
 Emperor against the encroachments of the ambitious 
 and unscrupulous Ghazi. The latter accepted the 
 challenge and made war upon Najib, and meanwhile had 
 the harmless old Emperor brutally and treacherously 
 murdered, November, 1759 (1173). 'Alamgir II. had sat 
 on his tottering throne for five miserable years. 
 
 The vazir Ghazi-ad-din then set up a new puppet, a 
 grandson of Kam Bakhsh, under the name of Shdh- 
 
 * Tarikh-i ^Alamgir Sdni, ED. viii. 141.
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. ili 
 
 Jalidn II. (it should have been III., since Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 was the second who used the title), and the administra- 
 tion at Dehli was carried on in his name for a few 
 months.* The rightful heir, however, was the son of 
 the late Emperor, 'Ali Gaur, infelicitously styled ShAh- 
 'Alam ("liord of the Universe ''), and he was at once 
 recognized as emperor by the country at large arid by 
 its powerful neighbour, Ahmad the Durrani. This 
 alarming protector was now again in Hindustan, and, 
 after driving away Ghazi-ad-din and his mimic king, 
 he inflicted a memorable and crushing defeat upon the 
 Marathas in January, 1761, upon the historical field of 
 Panipat : after which he returned to Afghanistan, leaving 
 Najib and Shuja' to make the best of their new Emperor. 
 When the news came of his father's murder, Shah- 
 'Alam was in Bihar, bent upon establishing his claim to 
 the viceroyalty of the eastern Siibahs, where he thought 
 he had a better chance of enjoying the pleasures of 
 power than in the distracted capital of his ancestors. 
 He soon found, however, that he was out in his reckon- 
 ing. Since the battle of Plassey in 1757, Bengal (with 
 Bihar and Orissa) had been under the authority of a 
 Nawab, under British control. The new Emperor, how- 
 ever, did not at once realize the full meaning of the situa- 
 tion. He invaded Bengal, only to be twice repulsed by the 
 Nawab and the English (1 7G0-1 ). Aided by Shuja -ad-dau- 
 lah, he resumed the attack in 1 764, and was utterly routed 
 23rd October, by Munro at Baksar (Buxar) near the con- 
 fluence of the Karamnasa and the Ganges. f Next day 
 he came into the British camp, and from that date (if not 
 earlier) the Moghul empire became practically a thing 
 of the past. By firmans of 12th August, 1765, a treaty 
 
 * See Coins Nos. 10S6-1092. 
 t ED. viii. 216 «'. 
 
 /
 
 xlii SHAH-' AL AM. ENGLISH RULE. 
 
 signed at Allahabad on blie 16th, and articles of agree- 
 ment dated three days later, the East India Company 
 was granted the Diwani or financial administration of 
 Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, in consideration of the 
 Emperor's being allowed to retain the province of 
 Allahabad and the district of Korali, and being given 
 a yearly subsidy by the Company, wherewith to maintain 
 his dignity. In other words, the English annexed the 
 three eastern provinces, and Shah-'xVlam, whilst nominally 
 Emperor of India, became really a pensioner of the 
 British Crown. He kept a sorry court for some years 
 at Allahabad, with an English resident to look after 
 him, and then in 1771 returned to Dehli, exchanging, 
 as events proved, the protection of the British for the 
 tyranny of the Marathas. He enjoyed, however, a brief 
 interval of prosperity, almost of power, during the 
 able administration of Mirza Najaf ; but the gleam of 
 sunshine was followed by darkness. Shah-'Alam was 
 barbarously blinded by Ghulam Kadir in 1788, and a 
 new puppet, Biddr-Bakht {" Of wakeful fortune "), son 
 of Ahmad, was set up.* Immediately afterwards the 
 Marathas entered into possession, avenged the crime, and 
 deposed the usurper, but kept the unfortunate Emperor 
 completely under control. Thus he remained till Loi*d 
 Lake's victory in 1803 freed him and Hindustan from 
 the southern pestilence. 
 
 From the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765 onwards the 
 history of India has little to do with the Great Moghul : 
 it is the history of the struggle of many adventurers of 
 various nations for the fragments of a broken empire,t 
 and the record of the final triumph of the English. As 
 
 * He sat on the abased throne from Shawwal, 1202, to Jumdda II, 
 1203 (1788). See Coins Nos. 1206-9. 
 
 t Mr. Keene's Fall of the Mughal Empire (1887) gives a detailed 
 and accurate account of this period.
 
 ENGLISH RULE. xliii 
 
 sucli it need not be detailed in this place : such parts of 
 it as are necessary to the numismatist will be found 
 discussed in § 9, below. Here it is only necessary to 
 add that Shah-'Alam died in 1806 (1221), and was 
 succeeded in his position of imperial pensioner of the 
 British Crown by his son, Muhammad Akbar II. ; who in 
 turn was followed in 1837 (1253) by his son, Bahadur II., 
 whose participation in the Indian Mutiny led to his 
 banishment in 1857 to Rangoon, where this last of the 
 Moghul Emperors died in 1862. 
 
 The task of England has been to undo the disastrous 
 work of Aurangzib. " It was by the alienation of the 
 native races that the Moghul Empire perished : it is by 
 the incorporation of those races into a loyal and united 
 people that the British rule will endure.^' * But whilst 
 endeavouring to restore Akbar's empire by Akbar's 
 policy of wise conciliation, we have to remember that 
 neither empire nor policy could have existed without the 
 strong dominant ascendancy of Akbar himself; nor can 
 the Empress of India's domination in her eastern Empire 
 dispense with a strong and absolute British authority, 
 supreme and paramount over all. 
 
 * Sir William Wilson Hunter, The Ruin of Aurangseh, XlXth Century, 
 May, 1887.
 
 ( sliv ) 
 
 § 2. THE CABINET OF MOGHUL COINS. 
 
 The series of coius of the Mogliul Emperors of Hindustan 
 in the British Museum has long been celebrated^ and 
 the important additions of the last ten years have placed 
 it at the head of all similar collections. The nucleus of 
 this unrivalled cabinet was the rich bequest of William 
 Marsden in 1834. This was notably augmented by the -^•l 
 
 purchase in 1847 and 1850 of coins collected by the 
 doyen of Indian numismatists, Prinsep, and his worthy 
 disciple, Edward Thomas, and by the acquisition in 1853 
 of the valuable Eden cabinet. Within the last decade 
 the coins originally preserved at the India House and 
 Office were transferred to the British Museum (1882) ; the 
 fine collection of Mr. A. Grant was added in 1885 ; and the 
 splendid Arabic and Persian cabinet of Gen. Sir Alexander 
 Cunningham was purchased in 1888 ; while the Govern- 
 ment of India, the Bengal Asiatic Society, the Bombay 
 Branchof the Royal Asiatic Society, and the Archaeological 
 Survey of the Pan jab, have largely contributed towards 
 filling up the gaps in the National series. These are ;i; 
 
 the chief constituents in the collection; but a number , 
 
 of oSicei's, civilians, and travellers in India have con- 
 tinually brought a few rare specimens to the Museum, »| 
 and many names well known to others than numismatists 
 may be recognised among these collectors ; such as , 
 Professor H. H. Wilson, Col. Guthrie, Col. Tobin Bush, 
 Major Hay, Sir Bartle Frere, Mr. James Gibbs, Mr. 
 James Burgess, Mr. Da Cunha, &c. ; whilst among 
 the early benefactors of the collection, though in small 
 numbers, may be mentioned Miss Sarah Sophia Banks 
 (1818), the Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode (1790), 
 Mr. R. Payne Knight (1824), and his Majesty King
 
 FORMATION OF THE CABINET. 
 
 xlv 
 
 George III., who contributed four specimens. As 
 a considerable interest attaches to many of the col- 
 lectors whose cabinets have combined to form the series 
 described in the present volume, it has been judged useful 
 to affix their names to their coins, except in cases where 
 there were but one or two specimens presented or 
 purchased. Coins acquired in the ordinary market have 
 as a rule no name attached to them in the Catalogue. 
 
 The relative strength of the various component 
 elements of the Moghul series may be summarized as 
 follows. Excluding the East India Company's coinage, 
 the series consists of about 1250 coins. Of these the 
 following collections contributed nearly 1000 : — 
 
 Marsden . , . . . .173 
 
 Cunningham . . . , . . 147 
 
 India Office 132 
 
 Alex. Grant 101 
 
 Prinsep . . . . ... .65 
 
 Eden 57 
 
 Thomas 58 
 
 Government of India . . . . . 34 
 
 Panjab Archaeological Survey . . 30 
 
 Bengal Asiatic Society . . . . 28 
 Hay, Payne Knight, Gibbs, Playfair, 
 Theobald, and Bombay Asiatic Society 
 (from 10 to 20 each) . . . ,97 
 Banks, Prof. Wilson, Bank of England Coll., 
 Cracherode, Bush, Stubbs, Pearse, 
 Frere, Teames, Cureton, Burnes, 
 Stewart, De Bode, Guthrie, Da Cunha, 
 & George III. (under 10 each) . . 74 
 
 About two-thirds of the Moghul coinage, as represented 
 in the British Museum, falls under the third, fourth, fifth 
 and sixth Emperors, Akbar, Jahaugir, Shah- Jahau, and
 
 xlvi THE CABINET OF COINS. 
 
 Aurangzib, whose reigns cover rather more than half the 
 interval between the accession of Babarin 1525 (a.h, 932) 
 and the death of Shah-'Alam in 1806 (1221). The actual 
 numbers of gold, silver, and copper coins of these four 
 Emperors are as follows : — 
 
 
 N- 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 Total 
 
 Akbar 
 
 75 
 
 168 
 
 39 
 
 282 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 83 
 
 161 
 
 1 
 
 2 45 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 50 
 
 123 
 
 — 
 
 173 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 24 
 
 125 
 
 — 
 
 149 
 
 Total 
 
 232 
 
 577 
 
 40 
 
 849 
 
 In this table, the very large proportion of gold to 
 silver (more than one-half in the reign of Jahangir, and 
 •4 on the whole number) and the extraordinary scarcity 
 of copper will be observed. The latter subject will call 
 for discussion later (§ 8). 
 
 The coins of the two Emperors preceding Akbar, 
 Babar and Humayuu, which are attributable to their 
 Indian government, are very few, and partake of the 
 character of the currency of Transoxiana, the province 
 whence Babar advanced to rule in India. Some Transoxine 
 issues of Babar are described in the Gatalogue of Oriental 
 Coins, Vol. vii, p. 163, and Additions part ii, p. 163, and 
 in the Catalogue of Persian Coins, pp. xxv and 210. 
 The Kashmir issues of Humayuu and Akbar are noticed in 
 iheCatalogue of Indian Coins, Muhammadan States, ip. 80. 
 
 Of the seventeen Emperors and pretenders who struck 
 coins between the death of Aurangzib and the accession 
 of Shah-^Alam, only Muhammad Sl^h appears to have 
 issued a large currency (N 20. ^ 63 = 83) ; Farrukh- 
 siyar is represented by 47 coins ; and the others by 
 numbers ranging from 1 to 29. Shah-'Alam's coinage, 
 numerous as it is, as will be explained further on (§ 9), 
 cannot be regarded as his personal coinage in the same 
 sense as that of Akbar.
 
 ( xlvii ) 
 
 § 3. MINT CITIES. 
 
 The range of mints embraced in the rich series of 
 coins from Akbar to Aurangzib furnishes a faithful chart 
 of the growth and extent of the Moghul Empire. In the 
 following list the later Emperors are included, though 
 they add little to the data. Babar and Humayun's mints 
 are represented only by Lahore in the British Museum 
 collection. 
 
 Akbar. Agrah, Lahore, Dehli, Ahmadabad, 
 
 963—1014 Barhanpur, Patnah, Tattah, Kabul, 
 
 (1556 — 1605) Multan, Allahabad, Narnol, Gwalior, 
 
 Sarangpur, Jaunpur, Sirhind, Udai- 
 pur, Fathpur, Urdu-Zafar-Karin, 
 Urdu, Asir, Sitapur, Dogam, Mal- 
 pur, Bairatah. 
 
 Jahangik. Agrah, Lahore, Dehli, Ahmadabad, 
 
 1014 — 37 Burhanpur, Patnah, Surat, Tattah, 
 
 (1605 — 27) Kabul, Ajmir, Jahangirnagar 
 
 [Dhakka], Akbarnagar, Kashmir, 
 
 Kandahar. 
 
 Dmvar BaJchsh. Lahore. 
 1037 
 
 (1627-8) 
 
 Shah-Jahan. 
 1037—68 
 (1628—58) 
 
 Agrah and Akbarabad, Lahore, Dehli 
 and Shahjahanabad, Ahmadabad, 
 Burhanpur, Patnah, Surat, Tattah, 
 Kabul, Multan, Allahabad, Jahan- 
 gii-nagar [Dhakka] , Akbarnagar, 
 Kashmir, Kandahar, Junahgarh, 
 Daulatabad, Bhakar.
 
 xlviii 
 
 MINTS. 
 
 Shah Shvja'. Akbarabad [i.e. Agrah]. 
 1068—70 
 (1656-60) 
 
 Murdd Bakhsh. Ahmadabad, Cambay, Surat. 
 1068 
 (1658) 
 
 AUEANGZIB. 
 
 1069—1118 
 (1659—1707) 
 
 A'za'm. 
 
 1118-19 
 
 (1707) 
 
 Kdm Bakhsh. 
 1119-20 
 (1708) 
 
 Bahadur. 
 
 1119—23 
 
 (1707—12) 
 
 JahAndae. 
 
 1124 
 
 (1712) 
 
 Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shahja- 
 hanabad[Dehli], Burhanpiir, Patnah, 
 Siirat, Tattab, Kabul, Ajmir, Mul- 
 tan, Narnol, Jimahgarh, Cambay, 
 Etawah, Khujistah-bunyad, and Au- 
 raBgabad, Golkondah, Masulipatan, 
 Ahmadnagar, Bijapur, Chinapatan 
 [Madras], Nasratabad, Baraili, Luck- 
 now, 'Alamgirpur, Zafarpur, Zafar- 
 abad. 
 
 Ahmadabad, Burhanpur, Khujistah- 
 bunyad [Aurangabad.] 
 
 Bijapur, Haidarabad. 
 
 Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shah- 
 jahanabad [Dehh], Burhanpur, 
 'Azimabad [Patnah], Surat, Ajmir, 
 Peshawar, Khujistah-bunyad [Au- 
 rangabad], Sholapur, Ujjain, 
 
 Akbarabad [Agrah], Shahjahanabad 
 [Dehli], Surat, Khujistah-bunyad 
 [Aurangabad].
 
 MINTS. 
 
 xHx 
 
 Fareukh-siyar Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shah- 
 1124 — 31 jahanabad [Dehli], Burhanpur, 
 
 (1713 — 19) Patnah and Azimabad, Surat, 
 
 Multan, Gwalior, Etawah, Bijapur, 
 Chinapatan [Madras], Baraili, Arkat, 
 Katak, A'zamnag'ar, Imtiyazgarh, 
 Guti, Gangpiir, Murshidabad. 
 
 Rafi^-ad-Darajat. Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shjih- 
 1131 jahanabad [Dehli], Patnah, Mu'az- 
 
 (1719) zamabad. 
 
 Rafi'-ad-Daulah. 
 1131 
 (1719) 
 
 Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shah- 
 jahanabad [Dehli], 'Azimabad 
 [Patnah], Surat, Khujistah-bunyad 
 [Aurangabad], Baraili, Murshi- 
 dabad. 
 
 Nihu-siyar 
 1131 
 (1719) 
 
 Surat. 
 
 Ihrdhim. 
 1132 
 
 (1720) 
 
 Shahjahanabad [Dehli]. 
 
 Muhammad. Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shahja- 
 1131_61 hanabad [Dehli], 'Azimabad [Pat- 
 
 (1719 — 48) nah], Siirat, Tattah, Akbarnagar- 
 
 Oudh, Kashmir, Etawah, Khujistah- 
 bunyad [Aurangabad], Baraili, 
 Murshidabad, Kura, Ajayur, Islam- 
 abad [Chittagong], Benares, Shah- 
 abad, Siwai- Jaipur, Imtiyazgarh, 
 Farrukhjibad. 
 
 9
 
 MINTS. 
 
 Ahmad. Akbarabad [Agrah], Shahjahanabad 
 
 1161 — 7 [Debli], 'Azimabad [Patnah], Mur- 
 
 (1748 — 54) shidabad, Benares, Ahmadnagar- 
 
 Farrukhabad, Muradabad. 
 
 'Alamgir II. Akbarabad [Agrah], Lahore, Shah- 
 1167—73 jahanabad [Dehli], Murshid;ibad, 
 
 (1754 — 60) Ahmadnagar - Farrukhcibad, Imti- 
 
 yazgarh, Indrapur [Indore]. 
 
 Shah- JaMn III. Shahjahaniibad [Dehli], Ahmadabad, 
 
 1173 Ahmadnagar-Farrukhabcid, ludra- 
 
 (1760-1) pur [Indore], Ishimiibad [Chitta- 
 
 Shah-'Alam. Akbarabad [Agrah], Shahjahanabad 
 1173—1221 [Dehli], Ahmadabfid, 'Azimabad 
 
 (1761—1806) [Patnah], Surat, Murshidabad, 
 
 Ahmadnagar-Farrukhcibcid, Etawah, 
 Benares, Bahadui*patan, Dilshad- 
 abad, Jahangirnagar [Dhakka], 
 Srinagar, Lucknow, Najibabad. 
 
 Biddr-BaMt. Shahjahanabad [Dehli], Ahmadabad. 
 1202-3 (1788) 
 
 Muhammad 
 Akbak II. 
 1221—53 
 
 (1806—37) 
 
 Shahjahanabad [Dehli]. 
 
 Shahjahanabad [Dehli]. 
 
 Bahadur II. 
 1253—75 
 (1837—57) 
 
 A glance at the accompanying map of India will im- 
 mediately show the wide range of territory embraced
 
 MINTS. li 
 
 by tliese miut-cities. lu Akbar's time they spread from 
 Kabul and Tattah on the west to Patnah on the east, 
 and from Lahore in the north to Udaipur in Eajputana, 
 and Asirgarh in Khandesh. In the reign of Aurangzib 
 we find a large addition of Deccan mints, due to this 
 Emperor's wars in the south. Under the pretender Kam 
 Bakhsh, Haidarabad occurs for the first time ; Arkat 
 and Guti appear under Farrukh-siyar, as well as the new 
 fiscal capital of Bengal, Murshidabad, afterwards familiar 
 on the coins of the East India Company. 
 
 The first appearance of many of these mints possesses 
 an historical importance. The occurrence of the mint 
 Ahmadabad on a gold mohr of 980 evidently marks the 
 conquest of Gujarat, of which this city was the capital, 
 in 980 (1572). Still more notable is the mohr no. 63. 
 It bears the uniqueformula Si^^ZsLcj^i^] ^j£. ^bt jk,©**,-* w^j-o 
 " Struck at Muhammadabad commonly called Udaipur, 
 conquered," with the date 984, which corresponds to 
 the reduction of that frequently insurgent Eajput city by 
 Akbar in 1577. The first rupee of Burhanpur (no 197), 
 issued in the month Dai of 38 Ilahi (1593), records the 
 invasion of the provinces of Khandesh and Berar in 1001. 
 The mohr of Asir (no. 166), again, with the curious 
 device of a falcon, and the Ilahi year 45, clearly commemo- 
 rates Akbar's later conquest of the fortress of Asirgarh, 
 the strong place of Khandesh, and the discovery of 
 immense treasure there, in the summer of 1600. Akbar's 
 new palace of Fathpur, or " Victory-town," which he 
 founded at Sikri, 27 miles south-west of Agrah in 976-9 
 (1569-71), is represented in his coinage only from 986 to 
 989, and thenceforth disappears from the series. Mr. 
 Eodgers, however, has described * a Zodiacal mohr 
 (Capricornus) of Jahangir's, bearing this mint and the 
 14th year of his reign, and 1028 a.h. The mint Urdu, 
 * Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Ivii. 26.
 
 Hi MILLENNIUM COINS. 
 
 or Urdu-Zafar-Karin ("Camp linked to Victory"), is 
 supposed to indicate the striking of coins during Akbar's 
 victorious progresses, in tlie north probably, on his way 
 to his summer resort in the happy valley of Kashmir. It 
 is possible, however, that the name Urdii-Zafar-Karin 
 may possess some mystical import. All the coins bearing 
 this mint, if such it be, present, in the place of the usual 
 ciphers indicating the date, the single word t_ft)l, 1000. 
 This is the only instance in the whole series (except j^l 
 in recording the first regnal year) of the use of an 
 Arabic numeral in the place of ciphers, and it has a 
 certain significance in view of the following circumstances 
 recorded by the historian Badaoni. As early as 990 Akbar 
 had convinced himself that the Muhammadan religion 
 was destined to last exactly 1000 years from the Hijrah 
 and no more. It was believed that the second advent 
 would be inaugurated by the coming of the Mahdi, and 
 Akbar appears to have encouraged the expectation. He 
 ordered the " Era of the Thousand " to be engraved on 
 the coins, and commanded a Shiya'i divine to write a 
 Tarikh-i Alfi or "History of the Millennium " (a.h. 1-1000), 
 and confided the completion of it to Badiioui himself. 
 The work appeared in the year 1000 a.h. (1592) ; and in 
 the same year Akbar called-in all the old coins of his prede- 
 cessors and melted them down.* There may be some con- 
 nexion between this '* Era of a Thousand" and the year 
 uJJl 1000 on the coins; and it may not be unreasonable 
 to suggest that these millennium pieces with the 
 word u_ft31 are the product of the melting down of older 
 issues recorded to have taken place in the year 
 1000 of the Hijrah. If this be a correct surmise, the 
 name Urdu-Zafar-Karin may bear some such significa- 
 tion, in the mystical phraseology of the Shi^ah, as " Camp 
 of the approaching triumph of the Faith." 
 
 * Badaoni, ED. v. 534, 542.
 
 AKBAB'S MINTS. liii 
 
 Abu-1-FazFs account of Akbar's mints in the Ain-i- 
 Akbari is very imperfect. He states that at the be- 
 ginning of the reign gold was struck in many parts of the 
 empire ; but at the time he wrote^ only at four places, the 
 seat of government [Fathpur], Bengal [i.e. Dhakka], 
 Ahmadabad, and Kabul. Silver was also coined there, 
 and likewise at ten other towns : — Ilahabas, Agrah, Ujjain, 
 Surat, Dehli, Patnah, Kashmir, Lahore, Multan,and Tan- 
 dah. Copper, however, he says, proceeded from twenty 
 mints : — Ajmir, Oudh, Atak, Alwar, Badaon, Benares, 
 Bhakar, Bahrah, Patnah, Jaunpur, Jalandar, Hardwar, 
 Hisar Flrozah, Kalpi, Gwalior, Gorakhpur, Kalanwar, 
 Lucknow, Mandu, Nagdr, Sirhind, Si^lkot, Sironj, Saha- 
 ranptir, Sarangpur^ Sambal, Kanauj, Rantambhor.* A 
 comparison with the coins will at once show the inaccuracy 
 of these statements. 
 
 Few of Akbar's mints present difficulties in identi- 
 fication. The mohr no. 31 is ascribed to Sarangpur, but 
 it must be admitted that there is no trace of the ,*) 
 in the mint, which reads merely j^J.ijlw It may be urged, 
 however, that as this city, the capital of Malwah_, was an- 
 nexed by Akbar in 969, according to the Tahakdt-i 
 AJchari, the appearance of a solitary gold piece with its 
 name in 972 (the date of this coin) was in character with 
 Akbar^s proceedings at Udaipur and Asirgarh. All 
 three are in the nature of commemorative medals, and 
 we do not meet with these mints again in the series. The 
 name j>J-«j on no. 177 has been read j^I^j Peshawar, 
 but with little confidence; Mr. Rodgers,t however, 
 suggests j^^l^ Sitapur, and the diacritical points 
 favour his interpretation. Mr. Rodgers and Mr. 
 Oliver! have read the mint joi^^i as jjl£3j> , Doganw : 
 
 * See § 8 below. 
 
 f Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, lii. 97. + Ibid. Iv.
 
 liv JABANGIB'S MINTS. 
 
 but, wliile it is most probably the same name, there can 
 be no question that the last letter on the copper coins 
 nos. 263, 271, is>6 not y. Several places called Deogaon 
 are mentioned in Abu-1-Fazl's list of Todar Mai's rent- 
 roll. Malptir in Gujarat, and Bairatah, which Gen, 
 Sir Alex. Cunningham supposes to be Vairata, in Raj- 
 putana, noted for copper mines, are among the rarer 
 mints which occur only among Akbar's copper currency. 
 The mint Tattah has frequently been confused with 
 Patnah : the distinction is explained in a footnote to 
 p. 37. 
 
 Among Jahangir's mints we find evidence of this 
 Emperor's well-known predilection for the cool valleys 
 of Kashmir and Afghanistan as refuges from the summer 
 heats of the Indian plains. Kashmir, Kandahar, and 
 Kabul occur frequently upon his coins; and at first sight 
 one is tempted to identify Jahangirnagar with Jahan- 
 girpiir, a familiar hunting-ground of the Emperor on the 
 way from Lahore to Kashmir, especially as it first occurs 
 at a time when he was frequently in that neighbourhood : 
 but a comparison of the style of the engraving on the 
 coins of this mint with that of the contemporary coins of 
 Patnah, another mint of the Eastern Subahs, leaves little 
 doubt that Prof. Dowson * is right in identifying Jahan- 
 girnagar with Dhakka (originally Bengalah).f Jahangir 
 not only celebrated his own name in the christening of 
 the city of Jahangirnagar : he also named Akbarnagar 
 (Eajmahall) after his father. So Shah-Jahan called the 
 new suburb he added to Dehli in 1648 (1058) Shah- 
 jahanabad, and renamed Agrah Akbarabad. In later 
 times we meet with other eponymous mints, as 
 Muradabad (so named after Murad Bakhsh), Aurang- 
 abad and 'Alamgirpur (after Aurangzib 'Alamgir), 
 
 * ED. vii. 241. 
 
 f Cunningham, Arch, Survey, xr. 127.
 
 EPONYMOUS MINTS. Iv 
 
 A'zamnagar (after A'zam), Mu'azzamabad (after Mu'az- 
 zam, Bahadur's original name), Farrukhabad (after 
 Farrukli-siyar), and ^Azimabad (Patnah, after 'Azim- 
 asli-Shan), In like manner Mursbidabad (formerly 
 Makhsusabad) records the name of Mir Ja'far Khan, 
 the Diwan or revenue officer and afterwards Nawab 
 Nazim or military governor of Bengal (1704-1725), 
 who received the title of Murshid Kuli Khan; while 
 Najibabad was the capital of the famous Rohila chief 
 Najib-ad-daulah, of the time of Shah-^Alam. In still more 
 recent days we meet with such combinations as Abbott- 
 abad. Some of these new names for old cities are difficult 
 to identify : e.g. 'Alamgirpur and Zafarptir, in the time of 
 Aurangzib; Mu'azzamabad in that of Rafi'-ad-daraiat, 
 and Bahadurpatan in that of Shah-'Alam. If we are 
 permitted to regard such terms as -pur, -nagar, -garh, 
 -patan, and -abad, as interchangeable (which is doubt- 
 ful) , 'Alamgirpur may stand for 'Alamgirnagar in Bengal, 
 Zafarpur for Zafarabadj in the province of Allahabad 
 (N.W.P.), or for Zafarnagar near Burhanpur, and 
 Bahadurpatan for Bahadurgarh, which is frequently men- 
 tioned in the wars of the time of Shah-'Alam, Mu'az- 
 zamabad, however, cannot be explained by any such 
 hypothesis ; and Nasratabad, in Aurangzib's reign, may 
 represent any newly conquered city, or may be the modern 
 Nasirabad. Dilshadabad, again, " City of heart's con- 
 tent,'^ is a species of pet -name. 
 
 Among Shah-Jahan's mints is one which, even when 
 compared with several other specimens of the time of 
 Aurangzib, is difficult to decipher, in consequence of 
 the bad preservation of the marginal mscriptions. There 
 can be no doubt, however, that it must be read "'j^'i- 
 Junah, and sometimes more completely [»] j^ <^^»- Junah- 
 garh, (compare Asir and Asirgarh) . The extremely rude 
 fabric of all the examples of this mint would be explained
 
 Ivi ALLAHABAD. 
 
 by the remote situation of Junagarli, a fortress in Katlii- 
 awar, renowned for its formidable strength, but taken by 
 Akbar after three months' siege in 999 (early in 1591) 
 and annexed to the empire.* It is true that Junagarh is 
 generally spelt with an alif {oj.^ ^>»-) " Old Fort"), but 
 it may nevertheless have been originally derived from 
 the name Junah, Ai^»., which belonged to Muhammad 
 ibn Taghlak, and afterwards have been corrupted to suit 
 the meaning of " Old Fort." Junagarh was an impor- 
 tant stronghold, the chief place in the district of Surat 
 in Kathiawar (not to be confounded with the greater 
 Surat further to the south-east). Sir Thomas Roef 
 refers to it as the capital of " Soret/' and Mandelslo men- 
 tions it under the name of " Jangar " as the chief city 
 of that district. It is still a separate native state and 
 has had a Nawab of its own for the last century and a 
 half. Akbar found here and at the greater Surat 
 (which he took in 980) some guns and mortars 
 abandoned by the Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman the 
 Great, after his fruitless attack on Diu in 1538. In 
 Shah-Jahan's reign may be noted an indication of the 
 southward expansion of the empire in the occurrence of 
 of the mint Daulatabad (the ancient Deogir) on coins of 
 1039 &c., the date of this Emperor's first campaign in 
 the Deccan. 
 
 From the reign of Shah-Jahan onwards a source 
 of confusion is found in the similarity between the names 
 Allahabad (properly llahabad, originally Ilahabas), 
 and Akbarabad, (written on the coins it»t .jJI and ^bl .Ul) 
 which differ merely in the absence or presence of the 
 small » after the ) which stands for J in 3b I -^)l and ^ in 
 >bl ^t. It is commonly stated that the name of this city, 
 founded by Akbar in 1572, and called by him Ilahabas, 
 
 * Tahakdt-i Akbari, ED. v. 461, i65. 
 t Journal, Pinkerfcon, viii. 55.
 
 DECGAN MINTS. Ivii 
 
 was changed to Ilahabad by Shah-Jalian. The latter 
 form, however, as well as Ilahabas, occurs on coins of 
 Akbar himself. 
 
 The rival princes Shuja' and Murad Bakhsh divided 
 the empire, before the triumph of Aurangzib : Shuja's 
 advance from Bengal is marked by his issuing coins at 
 Akbarabad (Agrah) ; while Murad struck at the old and 
 future capitals of Gujarat, Ahmadabad and Surat, and also 
 at Cambay. It should be noticed that in this, the earliest, 
 occurrence of the mint Cambay, the name is spelt correctly 
 w^jU-iy^ Khanbayat or Khanbait (pronounced Khambait). 
 It is stated in the Tuzak-i Jahdngiri or '' Memoirs of 
 Jahangir " that Khambait is derived from Khamb, a pillar; 
 whence Khambawati and Khambait.* On later coins 
 the name is spelt Ool*i^, without the h. 
 
 Aurangzib's coinage exhibits several mints unused by 
 bis predecessors, chiefly situated in the Deccan, where, 
 as has been seen, he waged continual war. The chief 
 mint is Aurangabad (also called on coins and in Khafi 
 Khan^s history, Khujistah-bunyad, or " Auspicious Struc- 
 ture,") named after himself, and henceforward the capital 
 of the Moghul power in the Deccan, — a dignity previously 
 enjoyed by Burhanpiir. Other Deccan mints now 
 appearing for the first time are Golkondah,t Ahmad- 
 nagar, Bijapiir, Chinapatan (the old name for Madras), 
 and Masulipatan (Machhlipatan) . In Hindustan we find 
 
 * ED. vi, 354. It fihonld be added that no coins are known 
 corresponding to the "gold and silver tatikas" described in the 
 Memoirs as having been struck at Cambay in a.h. 1027, regnal 
 year 12, " ten and twenty times heavier than the current gold 
 mohr and rupee," and with the remarkable legend (on the silver) 
 "After the conquest of the Deccan he came from Mandii to Gujarat." 
 Jahangir claims them as " an invention of my own," and calls them 
 " Jahangiri tankas," adding that all previous tankas were of copper. 
 
 t The coin No. 726 is erroneously printed Calcutta : it should of 
 courEe be Golkondah. 
 
 h
 
 Iviii LATE MINTS. 
 
 as new mints Lucknow, Baraili, Zafarabad, and the un- 
 identified names already referred to : — Zafarpur, ■'Alam- 
 girpiir, and Nasratabad. 
 
 Of the later Emperors and aspirants to the throne, 
 A'zam and Kam Bakhsh struck coins only in the Dekhan, 
 the latter adding Haidarabad to the list of Moghul 
 mints; Bahadur struck at Sholapiir in the Deccan (ceded 
 to Aurangzib in 1668 by 'All 'Adil Shah of Bijapur), and 
 Ujjain in Malwah ; and re-named Patnah 'Azimabad, 
 after his son 'Azim-ash-Shaa. In Farrukh-siyar's cur- 
 rency Arkat, A'zamnagar, and Murshidabad appear for 
 the first time ; and a diminutive gold coinage, resembling 
 that of southern India, forms a new feature ; it issued 
 from Imtiyazgarh {" Distinction-Fort," Aurangzib's new 
 name for Adoni, which I at first read Iratiyaz Karrah), 
 Guti, Gangpur (in Chutia Nagpur), and another mint 
 which is illegible. A similar issue, also from Imtiyazgarh, 
 occurs in the coinage of Muhammad Shah and of ' Alamgir 
 II. Two new mints appear with the name of Rafi'-ad- 
 darajat : Mu'azzamabad (unidentified) and Kura, which is 
 probably not the Kura near Sironj, but the city spelt vari- 
 ously Ij^ and «j3^, in the Duab, and generally written 
 Korah in the maps. Muhammad Shah repeats the rare 
 mints Kura and Imtiyazgarh, and adds Benares, 
 Akbarnagar-Oudh, Farrukhabad, Siwai-Jaipur (founded 
 in his day by Siwai-Jai-Singh), Islamabad (the new 
 name given to Chatgaon, or Chittagong, on its con- 
 quest in 1076), Shahabad (an ancient city in the 
 province of Oudh, with the addition on the coin of the 
 word «»75^), and Ajayur, j^j\ef\ thus pointed, possibly 
 Ajayapur, the old name of Bakror.* Muradabad, though 
 by no means a new creation, first appears in this series 
 on a coin of Ahmad Shah; and Indrapur (the old name of 
 Indore*) on the issues of 'Alamgir II. In Shah-'Alam's 
 
 * Cunningham, Arch. Survey, i. 13.
 
 HONOBTFIG NAMES OF MINTS. Hx 
 
 time the new mints of Bahadur-patan and Najibabad 
 (already referred to), Srinagar and Dilshadabad, appear 
 for the first time. 
 
 Several of the principal mints are generally, but not 
 invariably, provided with honorific prefixes. Thus 
 Lahore is styled Bdr-as-Saltanah, " Seat of Empire ;" 
 Dehli, Ddr-al-Ehildfah, " Seat of the Caliphate ; " 
 Bijapur, Ddr-az-Zafar, "Seat of Victory;" Ajmir, 
 Ddr-al-Khair, "Seat of Weal;" Kabul, Ddr-al-Mulk, 
 "Seat of Eoyalty;" Agrah, Mustakarr-al-Khildfah "Eest- 
 ing place of the Khalifate;" Multan, Ddr-al-Amdn, "Seat 
 of Safety." A list of these is given in Index II a. Mr. 
 Rodgers* mentions Bandar-al-Muhdrak, " the Blessed 
 Port/' as a prefix of Surat (so termed because it was 
 the Bab-al-hajj, or starting point of the Indian pilgrim- 
 age to Mekka), and Baldat-al-Fdkhirah, "the Eesplen- 
 dent Town/' as a prefix of Burhanpur : neither of these 
 occurs in the British Museum collection. 
 
 Abu-1-Fazl's Ain-i Akbari contains some sections on 
 Akbar's mints and their management, and the simple 
 processes of assaying and coining ; and the late Mr. 
 Blochmann's translation reproduces some native drawings 
 of the various operations in use in Akbar's time. The 
 chief officer of the mint was the ddr6gah,'\ under whom 
 were the sairafi or sarrdf (assayer), the foreman, clerk, 
 bullion-buyer, treasurer, weigher, melter, and plate-maker 
 or flan-cutter (zarrdb), and sihkachi or puncher. The best 
 engraver of dies was 'Ali Ahmad, of Dehli. J 
 
 * Proceedings As. Soc. Bengal, Jan. 1883. 
 
 t Or 'darugha, in Mongol jj\3*^^^' ^^^utenant or governor. The 
 
 word occurs on coins of the llkhans of Persia : see my Catalogue of 
 Oriental Corns, vol. vi. p.lxvi. &c. Sir William Hedges, in 1682-4, speaks 
 of the " droga" of the mint {Diary, ed. Yule, i. 129, Hakluyt Society). 
 X Ain, transl. H. Blochmann, i. 18-22 (1873).
 
 k METHOD OF COINING. 
 
 According to Lieut. Moor,* who wrote in 1794, the 
 method of coining in Bombay was extremely primitive, 
 and doubtless had remained unchanged for centuries : 
 " the metal is bi'ought to the mint in bars the size of the 
 little finger, where are a number of persons seated 
 on the ground provided with scales and weights, a 
 hammer, and an instrument between a chissel and a 
 punch : before each man's birth is fixed a stone by 
 way of anvil. The bars are cut into pieces, by guess, 
 and if, on weighing, any deficiency is found, a little 
 particle is punched into the intended rupee; if too heavy, 
 a piece is cut ofP,and so on until the exact quantity remains. 
 These pieces are then taken to a second person, whose 
 whole apparatus consists of a hammer and a stone anvil, 
 and he batters them into something of a round shape, 
 about seven eighths of an inch diameter, and one eighth 
 thick ; when they are ready for the impression. The die 
 is composed of two pieces, one inserted firmly into the 
 ground ; the other, about eight inches long, is held in the y j 
 
 right hand of the operator, who, squatting on his heels 
 . . . fills his left hand with the intended coins, which he 
 with, inconceivable quickness slips upon the fixed die 
 with his thumb and middle finger, with his fore finger as 
 dexterously removing them when his assistant, a second 
 man with a mall, has given it the impression, which he 
 does as rapidly as he can raise and strike with the mall 
 on the die held in the right hand of the coiner. . . . The 
 rupee is then sent to the Treasury, ready for currency, 
 as no milling or any fai'ther process is considered 
 necessary. '^ ' 
 
 * Narrative of the operations of Captain Little's Detachment, etc., 
 499, 500.
 
 ( Ixi ) 
 
 § 4. EBAS, REGNAL YEARS, AND PERSIAX MONTHS. 
 
 The era exclusively employed by all the Moghul Emperors, 
 with the exception of Akbar, is the Muhammadan Hijrah. 
 Akbar also made use of this reckoning up to the 28th 
 (solar) year of his reign, beginning 11 March, o.s., 1583, 
 A.H, 991,* when he instituted his Ildhi or "divine" 
 epoch, composed of solar years, and dating from the 
 vernal equinox of the first year of his reign (1556). 
 The British Museum possesses one rupee of the 28th year 
 of this epoch ; and from this time to the end of the 
 reign the Ilahi years were employed to the almost total 
 exclusion f of the Muhammadan reckoning. Together 
 with the use of the Ilahi epoch, the custom of recording 
 the month of issue was introduced upon the currency. The 
 months thus employed were those of the ancient Persian 
 Kalendar, consisting of twelve solar months : Farwardin, 
 Ardlbihist, Khurdad, Tir, Mardad, Shahriwar, Mihr, Aban, 
 Azur, Dai, Bahman and Isfandarmiz. 
 
 The following table of Akbar's Ilahi years, from the 
 28th, when the new reckoning was introduced, will be 
 found useful. It is taken from Sir Henry Elliot's table 
 in the History of India as told by its own Historians, 
 vol. iv., p. 246. 
 
 * Abu-l-Fazl, in the Am, places the date of inauguration of the 
 Ilahi era at A.H. 992. The discrepancy between this statement 
 and the positive evidence of the rupee no. 177, which bears 
 the regnal year 28, beginning 28 Safar, or March 10, 991, may be 
 reconciled by supposing the change of reckoning to have taken place 
 near the end of the solar year, which would bring it into the new 
 Hijrah year 992, and a.d. 158-i. 
 
 t See, however, pp. 20, SO-l, and 47.
 
 Ixii ILAHI EPOCH. 
 
 AKBAR'S ILAHI YEARS 
 from the 28tli to the 50th 
 
 WITH THE COREESPONDING HIJRAH AND CHRISTIAN YEARS. 
 
 iLini 
 
 A.H. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 
 28 
 
 began 991 (28 Safar) 
 
 . 1583 (llMarch,*o.s.) 
 
 
 29 
 
 » 
 
 992 ( 8 Rabi' I.) 
 
 . 1584 
 
 
 30 
 
 )> 
 
 993(19 „ ) . 
 
 .. 1585 
 
 
 31 
 
 n 
 
 994 (29 „ ) 
 
 . 1586 
 
 
 32 
 
 >) 
 
 995(11 „ II.) 
 
 . 1587 
 
 
 33 
 
 }> 
 
 996(22 „ ) 
 
 . 1588 
 
 
 34 
 
 }) 
 
 997 ( 4 Jumada I.) . 
 
 . 1589 
 
 
 35 
 
 )> 
 
 998 (14 „ ) . 
 
 . 1590 
 
 ■'i 
 
 36 
 
 II 
 
 999 (24 „ ) . 
 
 . 1591 
 
 y 
 
 37 
 
 M 
 
 1000 ( 5 „ II.) . 
 
 .. 1592 
 
 M 
 
 38 
 
 )> 
 
 1001(17 „ ). 
 
 . 1593 
 
 i. 
 
 39 
 
 l> 
 
 1002 (28 „ ) . 
 
 .. 1594 
 
 ^' 
 
 40 
 
 >) 
 
 1003 ( 9 Rajab) 
 
 . 1595 
 
 1 
 
 41 
 
 )> 
 
 1004(20 „ ) 
 
 . 1596 
 
 t 
 
 42 
 
 )> 
 
 1005 ( 2 Sha'ban) . 
 
 . 1597 
 
 
 43 
 
 » 
 
 1006 (13 „ ) . 
 
 . 1598 
 
 I 
 
 44 
 
 >} 
 
 1007(23 „ ) . 
 
 . 1599 
 
 
 45 
 
 }} 
 
 1008 ( 4 Ramazan) .. 
 
 . 1600 
 
 
 46 
 
 }) 
 
 1009 (15 „ ) . 
 
 . 1601 
 
 , 
 
 47 
 
 }) 
 
 1010(26 „ ) . 
 
 . 1602 
 
 
 48 
 
 S) 
 
 1011 ( 6 Shawwal) . 
 
 . 1603 
 
 ' 
 
 49 
 
 }) 
 
 1012(17 „ ) . 
 
 . 1604 
 
 ■ 
 
 50 
 
 }> 
 
 1013(28 „ ) . 
 
 . 1605 
 
 
 * Beginning of course at sunset on the 10th, as the Muhammadan 
 day begins at night.
 
 SOLAR YEARS. Ixiii 
 
 "When Jahangir succeeded his father, he abolished the 
 Ilahi era, and reverted to that of the Hijrah, even 
 specifying" the word Hijri [^j-st^^ on some coins. 
 But, whilst reverting to the lunar reckoning for the 
 years counted from the Hijrah, or ordinary " date " of 
 his coins, he still employed the solar year and Persian 
 months in stating the year of his reign on the coinage, 
 though without any pretence of establishing a new epoch, 
 but simply as our own Acts of Parliament are dated by 
 the Queen's regnal years. This singular juxtaposition of 
 lunar and solar years on the currency has not, I believe, 
 been noticed by numismatists ; but the use of the 
 Persian names of months would by itself suggest the 
 employment of a solar reckoning, and the statement of 
 Khafi Khan the historian and the evidence of the coins 
 themselves place the matter beyond a doubt. It will 
 be found that as the lunar years are about ten days 
 shorter than solar, and therefore advance more rapidly, 
 so on the coins the Hijrah years overtake and finally 
 overlap the regnal years. Thus the regnal year 22 
 appears on the coins in conjunction with the Hijrah years 
 1036 and 1037, i.e. it began in 1036 and ended in 1037 ; 
 whereas, had the regnal reckoning been lunar, 1036-7 
 would have corresponded to parts of the regnal year 23 
 (beginning Ramazan 1036). Besides retaining Akbar's 
 solar reckoning for regnal years, Jahangir preserved the 
 special term Ildhi in connexion with the regnal year, 
 using it in the same manner as julus—a, term which 
 he also occasionally employed. Thus he inscribed his 
 coins with ^)l j^ olc i 6j£s\ s^j^a, and also with 
 ^^kof. 1 <*.*«» . The custom of recording the julus or 
 regnal year was preserved by all succeeding Emperors 
 and pretenders ; but the solar years and Persian 
 months were banished from the coinage and the 
 exchequer by Aurangzib, who was, as has been seen.
 
 IxiT SOLAR REGNAL YEARS. 
 
 a zealous Muhammadan, and thenceforward the lunar 
 reckoning was strictly adhered to, together with the 
 Arabian months, though these are never named on the 
 coins. It should be observed that discrepancies between 
 the Hijrah year and the regnal year are not infrequent. 
 Sometimes this is due to the employment of an old die ; 
 sometimes it is caused by the carelessness of the mint- 
 masters. The use of the solar reckoning for the regnal 
 years, and the lunar for the Hijrah date, during Ja- 
 hangir's and Shah-Jahan's reigns, when the two were 
 constantly shifting their relative positions, may reason- 
 ably have caused some confusion. The Hijrah and regnal 
 dates are always expressed in figures, not words ; except 
 the first year of the reign, which is usually written jk».l, 
 and the year 1000, U>i\ ;* and excepting also the Hijrah 
 years on Akbar's copper coins, which are expressed in 
 Persian numerals (s^iAj ^liiAj ,y^^, &c.). 
 
 * On a probable mybtical interpretation of this numeral, in con- 
 nexion with the anticipated end of the world at the thousandth year 
 of the Hijrah, see above, lii.
 
 ( l^v ) 
 
 § 5. INSGEIPTIONS, TITLES, WEIGHT, &c. 
 
 The earliest coins of tlie Moghul Emperoi's naturally 
 followed the design and style, and adopted the broad 
 thin shape, of the coins of the Transoxine Timuris from 
 whom Babar sprang. He and his son Humaynn placed 
 the Kalimah, or profession of faith in God and his 
 Prophet in the obverse area, and surrounded it with a 
 marginal inscription containing the names and virtues of 
 the first Four Khalifs. On the reverse were arranored, 
 partly in the margin, partly in the area, the name, sur- 
 name (lakah), and titles of the Emperor, which began 
 with the usual Transoxine style of o'^^^-^v*^'^' ijliaX~JI 
 jaj.^^\, 'Hhe mightiest Sultan, the honourable Khakan," 
 Zahir-ad-din Muhammad Babar, or Abu-1-Muzaffar 
 Muhammad Humayun, and ended with the most general of 
 all Moghul titles, Padishah Ghdzi, " Victorious King," 
 together with the benedictory formula, dSX< jJ^ aJUI jJLa. 
 AjUaJLw^, or part of it. Humayun on one coin introduced 
 the innovation of ^JAs%Ji\ j^^, ''Lord of Sultans," into his 
 title; and on another he used, once only, the Koranic 
 verse wjI~.*. j.*ij d-ij ^J^ ali\ JJjj, " God rewards whom 
 He wills without reckoning " (Kor. ii. 208). 
 
 Akbar for a short time followed the example of his 
 predecessors and adopted the Transoxine style of coin, 
 and the same elaborate titles ; but already, by the in- 
 fluence of Todar Mai, Arabic was being superseded by 
 Persian in the imperial bureaux and among the en- 
 gravers of seals and coins 3* and by this time Akbar had 
 
 * Some of the early Moghul coins evince an imperfect acquaintance 
 with Arabic : as in the frequent confusion oi y\, ^\, and M, and the 
 slip J^ U Us, for J^ ji] t^Ls: ; which, however, should be JJ^. The 
 change from Arabic to Persian in the coin inscriptions has necessitated 
 a corresponding change in orthography : e.g. the final * is no longer 
 to be dotted.
 
 Ixvi FORMULAS OF EELIQION. 
 
 realized the wisdom of conforming to the traditional 
 preference of his Indian subjects for thick dumpy coins, 
 instead of the broad thin pieces of the Khalifs and their 
 successors. Accordingly, we see him abandoning the 
 Transoxine forms; first the Kliakdn disappeared, then the 
 Sultan, and finally there remained only the title Padishah 
 Ghdzi, which continued in vogue to the end of the 
 Moghul empire. The Kalimah and Khalifs' names, 
 however, still retained their place in the obverse area 
 and margin, and the benediction, >y4*c aJJI ,^«s>; or J> 
 ^^^ aJDI, was sometimes appended. At the same time he 
 adopted the thicker form which continued henceforward 
 to be characteristic of the Moghul currency. The 
 coins of Akbar and of his successors, Jahangir and Shah- 
 Jahan, are splendid specimens of the moneyer's art. They 
 may be compared advantageously in respect of execution 
 and uniformity of standard with any contemporary 
 European money, and far excel any other Oriental 
 coinage. The inscriptions are boldly yet gracefully 
 drawn in the rohani (and sometimes the ta'lik) character, 
 and the borders and other ornaments are simple and 
 artistic. The engraving was entrusted to men of reputa- 
 tion in their art, and- the difference in their styles may be 
 detected in the issues of the various mints, where a 
 traditional character of writing evidently prevailed. It 
 is easy to distinguish the issues of Kashmir from those 
 of Lahore at a glance, and similarly those of Lahore from 
 the coinage of Patnah, or from that of Burhanpur, &c. 
 The difi'erences may be clearly traced in the Plates. 
 
 Akbar was troubled with a perpetual restless yearning 
 after innovation, in small matters as well as great ; and 
 among the useless changes he devised (besides many 
 exceedingly valuable reforms) was an alteration of the 
 shape of the money. Coins had hitherto been usually 
 round, which was a sufficieut reason for their being now
 
 AKBAB'S SQUARE COINS. Ixvii 
 
 made square. Bound coins were obviously the more 
 convenient, but the square shape had the merits of 
 eccentricity and originality, though unfortunately the form 
 was not absolutely novel, seeing that it had already been 
 employed by the kings of Kashmir and Malwah. Akbar 
 first tried the experiment of an oblong coin with scolloped 
 ends (see nos. 50, 51, and compare the lozenge-shaped 
 coin, no. 168), known as mihrdhi, because it resembled 
 the arch of a prayer-niche ; but in 986 he began to strike 
 square coins in gold at Fathpur, his new capital, and in 
 silver at Fathpvir, Lahore, and other mints. The square- 
 shape was not long retained for his gold currency, but 
 in silver it lasted, together with the round, until 
 the end of the reign. After Akbar square coins were 
 seldom used ; but Jahangir struck a few, and there are 
 four square mohrs of Shah-Jahan in the British Museum. 
 
 On Akbar's square coins the long tail of the > , 
 
 &c., in the names or epithets of the Four Khalifs, is 
 turned to account to form a sort of border between the 
 margin and the area, which contains the Kalimah ; at 
 the same time the reverse margin is abolished, and the 
 simple Padishah Ghdzi takes the place of the longer 
 titles of the earlier coins. 
 
 Akbar's Ildhi coinage, begun in a.h. 992, is both round 
 and square in silver (generally square up to the 40th 
 year of the reign, 1003), but only round in gold. The 
 inscriptions indicate the religious changes of the time. 
 The Muhammadan profession of faith and the Four 
 Khalifs and their virtues have vanished, and in their 
 place appears the new Ilahi formula, ^''i^- (J*- j--^' aA.)I, 
 " God is most great : glorified be his glory.'' This 
 formula either occupies the whole of the obverse, leaving 
 the reverse for the Persian month and Ilahi year ; or 
 j^\ aXJI appears on the obverse, and 4J'^^». Jj*. and the 
 Ilahi year on the reverse. The Emperor's name does
 
 Ixviii PERSIAN DISTICHS. 
 
 not appear upon the Ilalii currency; but it has been 
 pointed out that^*^t aX)I not only means " God is most 
 great/^ but also may be interpreted " Akbar is God ;" 
 and the suggestion has been made that the Emperor 
 played upon the double meaning. If he did so, the 
 levity was wholly out of keeping with his character and 
 conduct in all other respects. This coinage endured 
 till the end of the reign, but was never imitated by 
 Akbar's successors.* 
 
 With Jahangir's coinage (after the rupees, nos. 288-9, 
 which appear to have been struck during his governor- 
 ship of Gujarat, and on which he is styled Salim Shah 
 Sultan and Malik al-MulJc), a new phase in inscriptions 
 begins. The Ilahi formula is abandoned, and the 
 Muhammadan Kalimah rarely appears ;t and their place 
 is filled by a doggrel Persian rhyme which is dignified 
 by the name of distich or couplet (iu Arabic bait). The 
 use of Persian distichs was begun on a coin of the 
 time of Akbar,:]; but Jahangir employed them on the 
 majority of his coins, and the Court poets were busily 
 engaged in manipulating suitable verses. A list of 
 these jingles is given in Index VI. Their meaning 
 is generally nothing more than a euphuistic mode of 
 expressing the fact that the Emperor caused the coin to 
 be struck ; the radiancfe of the sun and the gold, or the 
 
 * A curious little group of coins is described on pp. 47, 48, under 
 the heading " Gujarat Fabric." They have all the appearance of the 
 later Kachh coins, and some present the name of Akbar with the date 
 1215 — in this respect also agreeing with the Gujarat habit of imita- 
 ting old coins and inserting modern dates. See Catalogue of Indian 
 Coins, Muhammadan States, Ix. 
 
 t In the British Museum Collection it occurs only on a single 
 mohr and ten rupees of the first two or three years of the reign. 
 
 X See the three specimens, Nos. 254, 251a, 2546. Mr. Rodgers, who 
 describes dated specimens of this piece (Ilahi 44, 45), remarks that 
 it is said to have been issued by Prince Salim (Jahangir) when in 
 rebellion against his father Akbar ; but does not cite his authority for the 
 statement {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Ivii, 1888).
 
 TITLES. Ixix 
 
 moon and the silver, supplying felicitous references to 
 the glory of his Majesty's epoch. The florid inflation 
 of the distichs, however, finds no counterpart in the 
 enumeration of the Emperor's titles : PddisJidh Ghdzi is 
 all he styles himself, and often plain 8hdh sufiices. 
 When he joins his queen's name on the coins, she is 
 described as Nur-Jahdn Pddishdh Beg am. 
 
 Indeed the titles assumed by the Moghul Emperors 
 from Jahangir onwards are singularly devoid of oriental 
 bombast. They seldom used their proper name (as 
 Salim, Khurram),* but employed the name assumed 
 on (or before) coming to the throne, as Jahangir, 
 Shah-Jahan, together with the orthodox name Muham- 
 mad. To this they added their lakab or surname, as 
 Niir-ad-din, Shihab-ad-din ; and sometimes a patronymic, 
 as Abu-l-Muzafiar, Abu-1-Fath. Finally came the sove- 
 reign title, Pddishdh Ghdzi, used by all the Emperors, 
 except Farrukh-siyar, who preferred to style himself 
 jj 3 ^a».j «l^iV,^ " Monarch of sea and land," andRafi'-ad- 
 darajat, who claimed to be j.j 3 j.a^j ol^^-w '' Shah of Shahs 
 of sea and land." Shah-Jahan added a horoscopic title, 
 Bdhib Kirdn Sdni, " Second Lord of [auspicious] Con- 
 junction" — his ancestor Timiir being the first; and the 
 same style was adopted by ShujtV and Muhammad. 
 Murad Bakhsh, who had the patronymic Abu-1-Muzaffar, 
 and the unique lakab Muzaivivaj-ad-din, "Wedded to 
 the Faith," (?) assumed the title of ^Jl5 jj..;Cw, '' The 
 Second Alexander." Aurangzib was given to ostenta- 
 tious humility, and beyond his throne-name 'Alamgir, 
 
 * Shah-Jahan's first Lahore rupee is an exception to this rule : here 
 he is styled Abu-1-MuzafFar Nasir-ad-dm Muhammad Shah-Jahan 
 Khurram, though afterwards his lakab is always Shihab-ad-din, and 
 his proper name, Khurram, never recurs. This coin may have been 
 struck on the occasion of his first proclamation as Emperor, which 
 took place at Lahore, 2 Jumada I., 1037; and the style may have been 
 altered when he ascended the throne at Agrah a fortnight later.
 
 Ixx ANAGRAM. 
 
 generally called liimself plain Slidh, rarely Padishah 
 or Padishah Ghdzi, and only twice or thrice engraved 
 his lakab, &c., in the form Muhayyi-ad-din Muhammad 
 Bahadur. A'zam Shah had a title of his own, Padishah 
 Mamdlih, " King of Realms.'^ Jahandar was Padishah 
 Jahdn and Sahib Kir an. Niku-siyar was Pddishdhi 
 zamdn 8hdh hi-lutfi-lldh Muhammad, " Monarch of the 
 Age, King by the grace of God." Ahmad used the 
 epithet Bahddur, and ^xilamgir II. was styled Abu-l-'AdI 
 ^Aziz-ad-din, ''Father of justice, Honoured of the Faith;" 
 while Shah-'Alam invented a new formula, including the 
 title ol^^b^^^ oU' J)~»ai>-o a)I 0^:;^ ^-o^*- '^Defender of the 
 divine Faith," &c. 
 
 One of Jahangir's inscriptions contains an anagram : 
 
 " The letters of Jahdngir and Allahu Akhar 
 Are equal in value from the beginning of time." 
 
 This is explained by the fact that the letters ?r (31 , 
 » (5), I (1), O (50), ^ (20), ^ (10), and J (200), of j.Xl^a-, 
 and those of >*^1 aJJI, » (1), J J (30, 30), o (5), \ (1), 
 ^ (20), w» (2), J (200), when added together, respectively 
 make up the sum of 289. 
 
 The general arrangement of the inscriptions after 
 Jahangir is very regular. Persian distichs become rare, 
 and the Kalimah, with the mint and month,* occupies the 
 obverse, and the imperial titles the reverse of Shah-Jahan^s 
 money, sometimes entirely in the area, sometimes divided 
 between area and margin; while the Hijrahdate and regnal 
 year are variously distributed between the obverse and 
 reverse: on some coins the Four Khalifs and their virtues, 
 followed by the mint, surround the Kalimah. The inscrip- 
 tions on the Nisdrs (see § 7) are more elementary. The 
 usurpers Murad and Shuja' imitated Shah- Jahan's arrange- 
 
 * The names of months rarely occur after A.H. 1041.
 
 AUBANOZIB'S FORMULA. Ixxi 
 
 ment. Aurangzlb, however, introduced a new style, and 
 in spite of his orthodoxy, abolished the profession of faith. 
 The reason was, however, a proof of reverence ; for he 
 was afraid lest the sacred words should pass with the 
 coins into '^ unworthy places and fall under the feet of 
 infidels."* The obverse contains the mint and the 
 formula ,u^^\^ C^-«*< u*'>-^ . . . <*-^ " In the year . . . 
 of his reign of tranquil prosperity,^' while the reverse has 
 the Emperor's simple titles or else the Persian distich, 
 
 which has been rendered :f 
 
 Through all the world he struck his sun-like coin of golden ore, 
 Shah Aurangzib (throne-omament) of earth the conqueror. 
 
 Marginal inscriptions were abolished (save on a few 
 examples), and never reappear in the series. 
 
 The juMs formula ,j*»y U s^^J-^f^ ch^.^- <*-w and the mint 
 continue to occupy the obverse to the end of the series. The 
 reverse inscription of all the succeeding Emperors from 
 Bahadur to Muhammad Akbar II. consists of. the name 
 and titles of the sovereign, preceded by the word AiCw, or 
 ^jL« aCj, " Auspicious money ; " except in the case of 
 Jahandar, Farrukh-siyar, and Rafi'-ad-darajat, and some 
 of Shah-' Alamos coins, when Persian formulas were ao-ain 
 employed. One Emperor alone, the devout 'Alamgir II., 
 restored for a single year the Muhammadan Kalimah 
 and the Four Khalifs with their virtues, which had been 
 in disuse since Shah-Jahan^s reign. 
 
 The names of the coins of the Moghul Emperors appear 
 
 * Khafi KMn, ED. rii. 241. 
 
 t R. S. Poole, Cat. Coins of the Shahs of Persia, Ixxxiv.
 
 Ixxii ABU-L-FAZL'S INVENTORY. 
 
 to have been numerous^ if Abu-1-Fazl's account * of 
 Akbar's coinage may be taken as typical of the whole 
 series. The general term for a gold coin is moTir, 
 commonly called mohur (a '^seaP' or '*■ impression"); 
 for a silver coin, rujjee (or more accurately rupih), 
 and for the copper coin dam. But in Akbar's time 
 the diflferent varieties and subdivisions had separate 
 names. Abu-l-Fazl's list of these names ought to be of 
 great value to the numismatist, but, in fact, it forms 
 but another instance of the incapacity of oriental (and 
 for that matter most European) historians to describe 
 accurately or systematically the coins which passed under 
 their own eyes. Al-Makrizi's well-known treatise is a 
 case in point. It is the best account we have of Arabic 
 numismatics by an Arabic writer, but it is far from being 
 what it might easily have been made, had the author 
 made an adequate study of his subject. Abu-l-Fazl gives a 
 long list of names, without supplying the necessary means 
 of identifying the coins to which they belong. Many of 
 the types he describes do not appear to have been 
 preserved in any collection, whilst many existing coins 
 are not described. His list may be conveniently arranged 
 as follows. All are round coins, unless otherwise 
 described. 
 
 Akbar's Coinage. 
 Gold. 
 
 Sihansahy or 100 mohr piece. (Maksiid's work.) 
 
 Obv. Kalimah. Margin, wjU.^. jm tlLj ^j.^ Jjjj <tJL)| 
 
 (Kor. ii. 208). 
 Rev. Margin, aXa. ^k»^l o^UJI ^^Jat'^l ^UaJUt 
 
 * Atn-i AkhaH, Blochmann's trans,, i. 31 flF. Compare E. Thomas, 
 Chronicles of the Pathan Kings of Delhi, 418 S. 
 
 i
 
 ABU-L-FAZL'S INVENTORY. kxiii 
 
 100 mohr piece (improved by 'All Ahmad). 
 Obv. wjl^««t j^Jlc ^^iJJl jUji O^J^^ c^**i j^!i J.^t 
 
 4JJI Jjj*w ^ 
 
 Rev. ^^JU5 aJJI jJU. ^l*X<^t AiJUJI ,^UJI o^aJUt 
 
 A third variety was engraved with two Persian ruba'is 
 of Faizi. 
 
 Rahas, or 50 moJir piece, was inscribed with a ruba'i of 
 
 Faizi. 
 Atmah, both round and square, had also a ruba'i, 
 Binsat, or 20 mohr piece, both round and square. 
 Chugal, or double mohr, square. 
 Round La'l-i Jaldli, or double mohr in weight and value ; 
 
 inscr.ji*^! aJDI, and |^>*a« Lj. 
 
 Of single mohrs there were eight : — 
 
 (1) Eound: 
 
 Aftdhi, worth 12 rupees : "^ obv. ai'^xf J<*. j.*^l aJUI ; 
 Ildhi, worth 10 rupees • ) rev. mint and date. 
 
 'Adigtdkah, worth 9 rupees : j^\ aJUI, and ^>**^ U. 
 
 Mohr, worth 9 rupees : with Kalimah. 
 
 (2) Square : 
 
 Square La'l-i JaldU, worth 10 rupees : obv.^&l aJUI; 
 rev. AJ*i)L«^ ,J^. 
 
 Mu'ini, worth 10 rupees : inscr. ^*aa Ij ; also round, 
 worth 9 rupees. 
 
 (3) [Other shapes, not so stated] : 
 
 Mihrdbi, worth 9 rupees. 
 
 Chahdrgoshah, worth 12 rupees (Thomas says 30). 
 
 Of half-mohrs, three : — 
 
 Gird = I Ilahi^ same inscriptions. 
 Dhan = \ La'l-i Jalali. 
 Saliim = I 'Adlgutkah. 
 
 7c
 
 kxiv ABU-L-FAZnS INVENTORY. 
 
 Of quarter-mohrs, three : — 
 \ Salimi. 
 
 BaW = I Aftabi. 
 Man = J Ilahi and Jalali. 
 
 Of other fractions : — 
 Panj = i Ilahi. 
 
 Pandan = ^ La'l-i Jalali: lily and wild rose on two sides. 
 Sumni = | Ilahi : obv. >*^l <UJt ; rev. AJ^J^fc. J.«».. 
 Kald = -^ Ilahi : wild rose on both sides. 
 Zarah = ^^ Ilahi : „ „ 
 
 SiLVEE. 
 
 ^«^)ee, round "^ worth 40 dams: 6h\. J^ >»^' ''^l 
 
 Jaldlah, square ) A3^li*. ; rev. date. | j 
 
 Darb = | Jalalah. 
 
 Charn = j „ 
 
 Pandu = i , , 
 
 Dasd = yV V 
 XaZa = yV » 
 
 Copper. 
 
 Dam, originally called Paisah or Bahloli: obv. mint; 
 
 rev. date. 
 Adhelah = | dam 
 Pdulali = 1 „ 
 Damri = \ ,. 
 
 Abu-1-Fazl adds that mohrs, rupees, and c7aws form the 
 usual commercial currency. He also mentions that in 
 the 27th year of Akbar's reign four kinds of mohr were 
 allowed to be current, viz. the La'l-i Jaldhi, which was 
 quite pure, and worth 400 dams ; the mohr (360 dams) ; 
 the mohr reduced by wear (355 dams), and the mohr 
 much rubbed (350 dams) ; also three kinds of rupees, 
 viz. square, pure silver, worth 40 dams ; the old round 
 Akharshdhi (39 dams), and worn specimens of both 
 (38 dams). These regulations for passing worn coin
 
 ABU-L-FAZL'S INVENTORY. kxv 
 
 were modified in the 29th and 36th years of the reign. 
 It is clear that Abu-1-Fazl is writing of Akbar's later 
 coinage, after the introduction of the Ildhi issues, and 
 that he does not concern himself much with the earlier 
 coins, which he refers to under the name of " the old 
 round Ahbarshdhi." In silver, he only mentions Ildhi 
 rupees and jaldlahs, though he refers to the older Ka~ 
 limah coins in gold as ynolirs. He is obviously wrong in 
 attributing an issue of La'l-i Jaldlis to the 27th year of 
 the reign, for it was not till the 28th year that the Ilahi 
 era and the formula Jalla Jaldluhu were introduced. 
 Of Akbar's large coins (100, 60, 20, and 2 mohr pieces) 
 not one is known in modern collections; but a five mohr 
 piece is preserved in the British Museum (no. 23), which 
 is not mentioned in Abu-l-Fazl's list. A few of the 
 single mohrs may be identified. Nos. 50 and 51 are 
 undoubtedly Mihrdhis from their shape, resembling the 
 arch of a niche for prayer, and the lozenge-shaped coin 
 no. 168 may be a variety of this species. The Chahdr 
 goshahjOT "four-cornered," sounds very like thesame thing. 
 No coin of Akbar in the Museum bears the inscription 
 ,j-a^ Lt (0 Protector)* ; but it appears on some of 
 Jahangir's issues. Of the Ilahi gold, no. 165 is an Aftdbi, 
 and 164 a EaM' or quarter- Aftabi ; but no. 163 has the 
 inscriptions of the square La'l-i Jaldli, only it is round. 
 It seems probable that Abu-1-Fazl, whilst describing a 
 round La'l-i Jaldli, equal to two mohrs, omitted to 
 mention that there was also a round La'l-i Jaldli single 
 mohr. He also entirely ignores the singular square 
 issue of Fathpur in 986, etc., and of Urdu-Zafar-Karin 
 of 1000, though these have the peculiarities of a square 
 form, and a heavier weight than the rest. The difierence 
 of value seems to have depended upon the purity, and 
 
 * One is described by Mr. Delmerick, with no mint, but year 981> 
 
 in J.B.A.S. xlv.
 
 Ixxvi WEIGHT. 
 
 not upon the weight, and this cannot be tested without 
 injuring the coins. Of the silver pieces mentioned by 
 Abu-1-Fazl, it is easy to recognize the Rupee in {e.g.) 
 no. 177, and the square Jaldlah in 179 and 185, etc. ; 
 the Darb in 184, the Cham in 188, the Asht in 202, etc. ; 
 Of the copper, the Dams and half Dams (Adhelahs), are 
 called fulus on their inscriptions, and tankahs and double 
 tankahs occur.* 
 
 In Jahangir's Memoirs f some names of his coins are 
 recorded, but they only refer to phenomenal pieces. The 
 Nur-i Shdhi was equal to 2000 tolahs, the Nur-i Jahdn 
 to 1000, the Nur-i daulat to 500, the Ntir-mohr to 100. 
 The tolah was substituted for the gold rupee (i.e. mohr). 
 There were corresponding pieces in silver. The tolah 
 was probably the heavier coin issued by Jahangir in the 
 first five years of his reign. 
 
 The weiijht of the Moghul coinage, allowing for wear, 
 is strikingly exact and uniform, as soon as the uncertainty 
 of the earliest issues is passed. There are no gold coins of 
 Babar in the British Museum, but his silver pieces weighed 
 from 69 to 73 grs., and were doubtless intended for 
 dirhams of the Timuri standard, not rupees. Humayun 
 struck small gold pieces of 13 to 16 grs. and 8 grs. {\ 
 and i of dinar), and silver of 37, 47, 68, 71, 72, 73, 110, 
 112, 113, and 180 grs., in which we may perhaps trace a 
 transition from the Transoxine dirham to the full rupee 
 weight of 180 grs. Akbar, with his habitual compre- 
 hension of the exigencies of the time, began at once 
 with an Indian standard, and his weights of 170 grs. for 
 the gold mohr, and 180 for the silver rupee, continued 
 to be the accepted model, with few exceptions, 
 throughout the rule of his dynasty. His gold coins (in 
 the British Museum series) vary in weight from 166 to 
 
 * See below, § 8. t Transl. Major D. Price, p. 11.
 
 WEIGHT. Ixxvii 
 
 169, and only a few worn coins drop to 164, 162, and 
 one to 157. The square issue of Fatlipur and Lahore 
 986 — 8, and Urdu-Zafar-Karin rise to a diflferent standard 
 of 186 to 187 grs., with sub-divisions of 93 and 46 : but 
 the object of this alteration is not known, nor is it 
 referred to by the historians. In 992, the new Ilahi 
 issue was introduced, with the weight at first of 187, 
 and later of 168 (for 170). A few early gold coins 
 weigh only 18 and 9 grs., like Humayun's, and two of 
 A.H. 988 weigh 15 grs. The silver coinage was clearly 
 intended to weigh 180 grs., though most of the existing 
 specimens are reduced a few grains by wear. The half 
 rupee weighs from 86 to 89 grs. ; the quarter from 42 
 to 44 ; and the eighth, from 19 to 21. Jahangir for the 
 first five years of his reign, up to a.h. 1019, used a 
 weight of 202, rising finally to 211 grs., for his gold coins, 
 and 212, rising to 220, for his rupees (and 105-106 for 
 the half-rupee) : but after 1019, except in the case of 
 four coins of Kandahar and Kashmir, he reverted to 
 Akbar's standard, and his mohr weighs about 168, and 
 his quarter-mohr 42, while his rupee weighs about 176 
 grs., and the half-rupee, 89. One five mohr piece of his 
 is preserved, weighing 843 grs., which gives 168f to the 
 mohr. Shah-Jahan, Aurangzib, Bahadur, Muhammad, 
 etc., follow the same standard; but a few of Farrukh- 
 siyar's rupees, struck at Katak and Jahangirnagar, rise 
 as high as 187 grs. 
 
 A curious variety of gold coin was issued by Farrukh- 
 siyar, Muhammad, and 'Alamgir II., in addition to their 
 ordinary mohrs. The coins of this type are very small, 
 with a diameter of '4 to •5in. for the larger, weighing 51 
 to 53 grs., and of '3 or '35 for the smaller, weighing 22 grs. 
 In the character of the engraving they resemble other 
 small issues of Southern India, and two of their mints 
 are in the Deccan, Imtiyaz-garh and Giiti. The former
 
 Ixxviii WEIGHT. 
 
 has always been read Karrah, oj^, the city in the Duab, 
 and the word beneath it has been interpreted as referring 
 to the coin : " decoration of Karrah." There can be no 
 doubt, however, that the two form a compound name 
 Imtiyaz-garh, o^ J*^', " Distinction Fort/' or " Fort 
 par excellence," which, according to Mr. C. J. Rodgers, 
 was a name given by Aurangzib to Adwani, the Adoni 
 of the maps, a little north of Guti. The close similarity 
 of its style would lead one to look for the third mint, 
 Gangpur, in the same neighbourhood : but the district of 
 Gangpur is in Chutia Nagpur. Possibly it has some 
 traditional connexion with the old Ganga dynasty of 
 Talkad in Mysore ; or it may relate to one of the sacred 
 rivers of Southern India. Of its Deccan fabric there 
 can be no doubt. 
 
 1
 
 ( Ixxix ) 
 
 § 6. IMAGES AND ZODIACAL SIGNS. 
 
 The Moghul Emperors, with the exception of 
 Aurangzib 'Alamgir and his name-sake 'Alamgir II., 
 were far from strict in their observance of the laws of 
 the Koran. As has been seen, they were commonly 
 addicted to the use of intoxicating liquors ; they married 
 unbelieving wives, instead of making them merely con- 
 cubine slaves in accordance with the orthodox custom 
 of Islam, and their encouragement of the fine arts was 
 free from the trammels of Koranic Puritanism. They 
 were fond of pictures and sculpture, and paid no 
 regard to the divine ordinance which prohibited the 
 representation of living beings in art. They even 
 delighted to adorn their palaces with paintings and 
 statues portraying scenes which belong to the sacred 
 traditions of Christianity, and images of the Blessed 
 Virgin and portraits of St. John Baptist contributed to 
 the decoration of their Court. The same disregard of 
 orthodox prejudices may be occasionally observed on 
 their coinage. So long, indeed, as the Muslim profession 
 of faith occupied its rightful place on Akbar's coins, no 
 profane image desecrated the formula : but after the 
 Emperor had discovered the errors of Islam and had 
 founded his own '' Divine Religion,^' the objection to 
 the representation of living things on the coins was no 
 longer in force. Yet Akbar used images very sparingly. 
 A falcon is depicted on the first and only coin of Asir 
 (No. 166), possibly in allusion to the conquering swoop 
 of the besiegers. On No. 173, a duck appears on a coin 
 of Agrah. Another gold coin, without the name of the 
 mint, bears a curious representation of a crowned archer, 
 with stretched bow and sheaf of arrows, followed by a
 
 Ixxx BACCHANALIAN COINS. 
 
 woman, who draws back her long veil from her face. 
 This may refer to the submission (in a.h. 1013, the date 
 of this coin) of the King of Bijapur, which was accom- 
 panied by the gift of his daughter to be the bride of 
 Prince Daniyal, Akbar^s son. 
 
 Jahangcir's use of images on the coinage was much more 
 
 o o o 
 
 marked than his father's. In the sixth year of his 
 reign (1020) he ventured upon the daring innovation of 
 engraving his own portrait on some of his gold coins. 
 He is represented in bust with head turned to the 
 left, and face wearing only a moustache ; the shoulders 
 are covered by a brocaded di*ess, and a turban adorned 
 with the imperial jikkah or egret is on his head ; his hand 
 holds sometimes a book, sometimes fruit ; and sometimes 
 he holds a book in one hand and a goblet in the other. 
 If, as is probable, the book is intended for the Koran, its 
 combination with a wine-cup must have been regarded 
 by orthodox Muslims as an outrage. In the following 
 year (1021), and in 1023, Jahiingir placed on some of his 
 gold pieces his royal person seated cross-legged on a throne, 
 with the inseparable goblet raised in his right hand, and 
 with an aureole or nimbus round his head, which he pro- 
 bably derived from some Christian paintings, but which 
 wears a singularly incongruous air in conjunction with 
 the wine-cup and the Emperor's bacchanalian pose. On 
 the reverse of most of these portrait coins is a lion 
 surmounted by the sun, apparently setting behind it, or, 
 in astrological language Sol in covstellatione Leonis, the 
 sun entering the sign Leo ; but on some coins the sun 
 appears without the lion. The presence of the sun has 
 been explained as a reference to the fact that Jahangir 
 was born on a Sunday ; but it is more probable that 
 the sun's image appears in virtue of the tendency 
 towards solar worship which undoubtedly found en- 
 couragement under Akbar, and was never positively
 
 BACCHANALIAN COINS. Ixxxi 
 
 repudiated by liis successor. Ifc is possible that the choice 
 of the zodiacal sign Leo may be connected with the 
 month (rather than the day) of the Emperor's birth, 
 which was surrounded by mysterious omens and spiritual 
 agencies, if we are to believe the historians. 
 
 It is not probable that these " bacchanalian coins," 
 as they have been called, were intended for general 
 circulation. They would have caused deep umbi-age to 
 any orthodox Sunnls into whose hands they fell, and 
 even Shiya'is, with all their freedom from traditional 
 prejudice, would hardly have relished these vinous repre- 
 sentations. The portrait-coins were doubtless in the 
 nature of medals or presentation pieces, rather than 
 money for circulation. The ordinary coinage without 
 images continued to be struck simultaneously with the 
 " bacchanalian " issues. 
 
 On the other hand, the well-known zodiacal coins of 
 Jahangir were certainly intended to pass as ordinary 
 money, and generally took the place of the common 
 coinage of the Agra mint during the eight years of their 
 issue (1027-34). Tavernier, who visited the court of 
 Aurangzib in the middle of the seventeenth century, 
 was the first to report the pretty legend that Nur- Jahan, 
 the Emperor's gifted wife, begged her adoring husband 
 to allow her twenty-four hours of supreme sovereignty, 
 and, on obtaining his consent, immediately issued the 
 celebrated zodiacal coins, having previously had the 
 necessary bullion collected and the dies engraved with her 
 own name and that of the Emperor. The story is refuted 
 by the zodiacal coins themselves : they do not, as a rule, 
 bear Nur-Jahan^s name ; and instead of being all of one 
 date, and issued within twenty-four hours, they are spread 
 over eight years.* Jahangir's own account of the origin 
 
 • Two zodiacal mohrs (not in the British Mnsenm) present the 
 name of Nur-Jahan as well aa that of Jahangir, and bear the latest 
 
 I
 
 Ixxxii ZODIACAL COINS. 
 
 of these pieces is doubtless correct and authentic. He says 
 in his Memoirs* " Formerly it was customary to strike 
 my name on one side of the coin, and that of the place, 
 and the month, and the year of the reign, on the obverse. 
 It now occurred to my mind that, instead of the name 
 of the month, the figure of the sign of the zodiac 
 corresponding to the particular month, should be stamped. 
 For instance, in the month of Farwardin, the figure of a 
 ram, in Ardibihist that of a bull, and so on ; that is, in 
 every month in which a coin might be struck, the figure 
 of the constellation in which the sun might be at the 
 time, should be impressed on one side of it. This was 
 my own innovation : it had never been done before." 
 
 The British Museum possesses an unrivalled series 
 of these zodiacal issues.f It includes a complete set of 
 all the zodiacal signs in genuine mohrs, with several 
 varieties of each sign, in all forty-three specimens ; 
 seven signs (fourteen coins) of the silver zodiacal rupees, 
 in which a complete set of the signs is not known to 
 exist; ten gold and one silver specimen of mediaeval 
 forgeries, and a complete series of the signs in modern 
 imitation half-rupees. Some of the signs are rarer than 
 others, and Aquarius is especially rare in both metals. 
 The figures of the various signs, combined with the 
 solar rays, as a rule agree with their traditional repre- 
 sentation. The ram, humped bull, embracing twins, 
 crab, lion, scales, scorpion, centaur, Capricorn, and two fish 
 present no special peculiarities. Bat Virgo appears in 
 three different forms on the genuine mohrs ; first as the 
 
 known date, 1034. One of these, of the sign Cancer, and mint Ajmir, 
 was described by Mr. Gibbs in Proceedings of the As. Soc. of Bengal, 
 1883. The other, in the Bibliotheque Nationale, is engraved in 
 Bonneville, and mentioned by Marsden, Num. Orient. 630. 
 
 • Tuzak-i JaJidngM, ED. vi. 357. 
 
 t It does not, however, possess any of the earliest year, 1027, nor of 
 the latest, 1034.
 
 ZODIACAL COINS. Ixxxiii 
 
 traditional standing winged figure with ear of corn ; 
 secondly, as a squatting woman with a braid of hair 
 down her back, — a typical Indian figure; and thirdly, 
 as a woman with a pitcher on her head, who might be 
 described as a female Aquarius ; and a fourth form, 
 of a dancing girl, appears on one of the forged mohrs, 
 Aquarius is represented as an old man with a pitcher of 
 water, or by the pitcher alone. 
 
 The zodiacal coins, both gold and silver, have always 
 attracted much attention and emulation among collectors. 
 The Hindus after a time came to regard them as talis- 
 mans, to be worn prophylactically round the neck,* and 
 English ladies have not despised them as ornaments. 
 They have consequently been extensively forged, and 
 few collections exist which do not contain some of these 
 imitations. A distinction, however, must be drawn 
 between different classes of these forgeries. There is 
 (1) a small class of gold zodiacal mohrs which are clearly 
 ancient, and in spite of their rude workmanship and the 
 peculiar forms of the zodiacal signs, may not be forgeries 
 at all, but merely trial-pieces of Jahangir's time : such 
 are nos. 333c, 339, and 346a, all of the year 1030 and 
 16th of the reign, which are represented in the lowest 
 line of Plate X. On the whole, I believe them to be 
 almost contemporary imitations. Then (2) there are 
 more recent forgeries, distinguished by a certain crude- 
 ness and sharpness in the drawing and execution of the 
 figures, and a tendency to blunder in the Persian in- 
 scriptions; these are numbered, in the gold, 376 to 384 
 in the Catalogue ; and there is but one silver forgery of 
 
 * Marsden states that his zodiacal coins came from Mr. Crow, 
 formerly chief of the Surat factory of the East India Company ; and 
 adds that the Hindus treated them as talismans. Lieut. Edward 
 Moor {Narrative of the operations of Captain Little's Detachment, 490) 
 mentions the sale of a set of zodiacal mohrs at Bombay in 1790 for 
 the sum of 2500 rupees.
 
 IxxxiT ZODIACAL FOBGERIES. 
 
 this class, the rupee no. 385. In the representation of 
 Virgo, the forgeries show, besides the usual type (as 
 the true coin 338, and the forgery 378), a curious figure 
 of a dancing woman, which does not occur on any 
 genuine mohr at present known. Finally (3), there is a 
 class of modern half-rupees which, unlike the first two 
 classes, can never have been intended to pass as counter- 
 feit money, but must have been either an avowedly new 
 currency, or else intended merely as ornaments. They 
 are struck from the same dies as the imitation gold 
 mohrs, or from dies closely resembling them ; and thus 
 bearing inscriptions peculiar to mohrs, and not borne 
 by rupees, would have been immediately detected. They 
 were probably struck to please somebody's fancy, and 
 tradition ascribes them to a Frenchman, Colonel Martine, 
 well known in the history of the Company's power in 
 India; but Marsden denies this, on the authority of the 
 Colonel's personal friends. 
 
 In spite of general indications in the style and fabric, 
 there is often considerable difficulty in distinguishing the 
 imitation from the genuine mohrs, and numismatists are 
 frequently found to differ in their decisions. In dis- 
 tinguishing the British Museum forgeries, the late 
 Mr. James Gibbs' experience has proved of value.* 
 
 * See Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 
 xiv. 155-160, and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1883. 
 
 'V
 
 ( Ixxxv ) 
 
 § 7. NISABS OB PRESENTATION MONEY. 
 
 Among tlie coins of the Moghul Emperors^ from Ja- 
 hangir onwards^ certain pieces, generally of small size, 
 bear the word nisdr (jli»), which means " scattering." 
 These coins were struck for the purpose of distribution 
 among the crowd on the occasion of certain festivities, 
 such as marriages, or progresses of state, and the like. 
 They were in fact a species of Maundy Money. The 
 custom is common in Eastern countries and survives to 
 the present day. The Moghul coins struck for this 
 purpose (except Aurangzib's) are economically thin for 
 their diameter, and weigh from 43 to 44 grains {i.e. ^ mohr 
 or rupee) ; but one weighs 88 grains, and another 22. 
 They are executed with considerable elegance, and have 
 a border of dots. Aurangzib's, on the other hand, are 
 clumsy and thick, of South Indian fabric, and weigh 44 
 grains. The British Museum contains no specimen of 
 Jahangir's nisdrs, but Mr. Rodgers has described three, 
 of Ajmir in the 10th year of the reign, Ahmadabad in 
 the 13th, and Agrah in the 14th year ; and also two of 
 Shah-Jahau, of Kashmir and Lahore ; and adds that he 
 has never seen any others.* The British Museum, 
 however; has ten of these coins, viz : — 
 
 Shdh-JaUn. M Agrah, 1038, Y.K. 2. (5) 
 
 M Lahore, 1044, Y.E. 7. (5) 
 
 M Lahore, 1049, Y.E. 13. (j) 
 
 M Shahjahanabad, 1060, Y.E. 24. (5) 
 
 M Kashmir, 1061, Y.K 25. 
 
 M Shahjahanabad, 1067, Y.E. 31. (5) 
 (posthumous) N Shahjahanabad, 1069. No regnal year (3) 
 
 * Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1883.
 
 Ixxxvi mSABS. 
 
 Aurangzih. N Cliinapatan, 1103, Y.R. 35, 
 N Chmapatan, 1111, Y.R. 4x. 
 Jalidnddr. M, Shahjahanabad, 1124. (3) 
 'Alamgir II. M Akbarabad, 1171, Y.R. 4. 
 
 All Shah-Jahan's nisdrs save one (where it may be 
 obliterated) have an initial letter 5 over the j . The same 
 sign (or its points) appears on Jahandar's nisdr, but 
 not on those of Aurangzib or 'Alamgir II. This abbrevia- 
 tion has not hitherto been noticed, and its meaning is 
 enigmatical. As it occurs on coins of four different 
 mints, and two different weights (44 and 88 grs.) it can 
 neither be a mint-mark nor a sign of denomination. 
 
 Nisdrs were used for other purposes than scattering I 
 
 among crowds. The word is also used as signifying the i 
 
 periodical tribute or gift, symbolical of homage, rendered 
 to the Moghul Emperor on certain festivals, such as the 
 anniversary of his coronation, or New Year's day. Mr. ^ 
 
 Delmerick says* that "coins used to be specially struck 
 in his [Bahadur II.'s] name and offered as part of the '■ 
 
 customary nazar by the Resident on behalf of the British 
 Government,'^ until the practice was abolished by Lord 
 Ellenborough " in the cold season of 1842-3." I have no 
 doubt that the coins used for this purpose were the thin 
 pieces issued in the name of Shah-'Alam, of Muhammad 
 Akbar, and of Bahadur II,, at Shahjahanabad, the 
 residence of the titular Emperors under British protec- 
 tion. They are numbered in the Catalogue nos. 1104-9, 
 1210-16, 1221-2, and in style they closely resemble the 
 thin half-rupee nisdr of Shah-Jahan, no. 669, which is 
 1"15 in. broad, yet weighs only 88 grs. They are not in 
 the least like current coins meant for circulation, but they 
 are unmistakeably like nisdrs, though the name does not 
 occur in their inscriptions. 
 
 * Joiiriial of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, xlv. 295.
 
 GIGANTIC COINS. Ixxxvii 
 
 In connexion with occasional coins of this kind, 
 mention should be made of certain abnormally large and 
 heavy pieces, two of which, though not the largest, are 
 found in the British Museum series. These are both 
 five-mohr pieces, issued by Akbar at Agrah in a.h. 971 
 and by Jahangir at Agrah in 1028, and weigh respectively 
 838 and 843 grains. There are also preserved in the 
 British Museum two casts of a gigantic 200-mohr piece 
 of Shah-Jahan, 5f in. in diameter, with mint Shah-jahan- 
 abad, and date 1064, regnal year 28. It is represented in 
 full size in pi. xxxiii. The inscriptions are as follows : — 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 (•If" a lL_-)t Jj) ..'J 
 
 Margin, in segments, 
 
 ^^'-^ j^-ij ^"^J L5-^^ .^'■J3 
 Rev. Area, within square. 
 
 ^ly^ dlw ^L-j Ol/-^ 
 
 Lo kX^Ch^ CH«>J' w>ly-i> 
 
 Margin, in segments,
 
 kxxviii GIGANTIC COINS. 
 
 A drawing of a similar 200-mohr piece^ of the same 
 mint and date, but with the inscriptions slightly varied 
 in arrangement, and w-sU ^^ ^e. j^ j^\ c-o'^j instead 
 of C-sb j^jj ^*i)j ^i.* ^is. J3, was exhibited by Mr, J. 
 Gibbs at a meeting of the Bengal Asiatic Society, and 
 is engraved in the Proceedings of January, 1883. General 
 Sir A. Cunningham states that the original coin was at 
 Patnah some fifty to eighty years ago. According to 
 Richardson, it weighed above 70 oz. (33,600 grs.), and 
 had a diameter of 4 inches.* 
 
 Mr. Gibbs also published a photograph of a lOO-mohr 
 piece of Aurangzib, struck at Shahjahanabad, a.h. 1083, 
 Y.R. 15, diameter 4 in., thickness j in., weight 35 oz. 
 4 dwt., or ] 6,880 grs., belonging to the Maharaja Sindhia.f 
 One like it was at Benares 45 years ago, according to 
 Sir A. Cunningham. A silver coin of Aurangzib's at 
 Dresden, issued at Shahjahanabad in the tenth year of 
 his reign, has a diameter of 4*4 in., and a weight of 5" 15 
 English Ibs.J 
 
 General Cunningham is of opinion that these large 
 pieces were probably " Nazzarnana medals,^' given to the 
 Emperor by nobles who paid their tribute in a single 
 lump coin. § That such large pieces were not infrequently 
 struck is shown by the inventory of Jahaugir's treasure 
 given by William Hawkins, in which we find these 
 items : " Of another sort of Coyne, of a thousand rupias 
 [i.e. 100 mohrs] a piece, there are twenty thousand 
 pieces. Of another sort, of halfe the value, there are ten 
 thousand pieces. Of another sort of Gold, of twenty 
 Tolas a piece, there are thirty thousand pieces. Of 
 
 * It is referred to by Tavernier, and described by Eiohardson, 
 Persian, Arabic, and English Dictionary, art. 4^ (ed. 1777) ; see 
 Marsden, Nu7n. Orient. 641 ; Thomas, Chronicles, 423. 
 
 + Proceedings Asiatic Soc. Bengal, March, 1885. 
 
 X Thomas, I.e. 
 
 § Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1883. 
 
 11
 
 GIGANTIC MOHRS. Ixxxix 
 
 anotber sort of five Tolas, which is this King's stamp, of 
 these there be fiftie thousand pieces." There were also, 
 in silver, " of another sort of coin of Selim Sha this King, 
 of an hundred Tolas a piece, forty thousand pieces,'^* &c. 
 Aurangzib, as he grew old, displayed a notable talent for 
 hoarding money. According to the Venetian physician 
 Manouchi, he devised peculiar safeguards for his treasure. 
 "He caused to be constructed under his palace at Dely two 
 deepcaves, supported by vast marble pillars. Piles of gold 
 were stored in the one, and of silver in the other ; and to 
 render more difficult any attempt to convey away his 
 treasure, he caused, of both metals, pieces to be made of 
 so prodigious a size as to render them useless for the 
 purpose of commerce," meaning currency .f Such, no 
 doubt, are the pieces belonging to the Maharaja Sindhia 
 and the Dresden Cabinet. Doubtless, the reason that so 
 few of these unwieldy coins have come down to us is 
 that they were melted down into the current coin of 
 commerce. 
 
 * The Hawkins Voyages (Hakluyt Society), 421-2. 
 + See Appendix iv. to Bernier's Travels, edited by Arch. Constable 
 {Oriental Miscellany), 476.
 
 ( xc ) 
 
 § 8. COPPEB. COINAGE. 
 
 The rarest of all Moghul coins are those of copper. 
 The British Museum possesses seventeen specimens of 
 the early local issues of the time of Babar and Humayun 
 (pp. 262-4), thirty-nine copper coins of Akbar, one of 
 Jahangir ; but none of any other Emperor. The reason 
 for this singular scarcity of copper is the general use of 
 other substances for petty currency in India. Cowries 
 formed the chief small change of Bengal, and bitter al- 
 monds of Bombay. Admiral John Splinter Stavorinus 
 (1768-71) states that " copper coin is not seen in Bengal. 
 For change they make use of the small sea-shells called 
 cowries, eighty of which make a jponi; and sixty, or sixty- 
 five ponis, according as there are few or many cowries in 
 the country, make a rupee. They come from the Maldive 
 Islands. The money-changers sit upon all the bazars with 
 quantities of them, to furnish the lower orders with change, 
 for the purchase of necessaries."* The same authority says 
 that at Surat, "in the same way as cowries are made use 
 of in Bengal, as the lowest medium of exchange, almonds, 
 which are called hadams, are employed for the purpose 
 here/'t Linschoten remarked in 1584 that almonds were 
 used for coins at Surat,J and the observation is confirmed 
 by Mandelslo (1638), who says that thirty-six almonds 
 or eighty " kauret " shells went to the pice.§ We read 
 of ten tons of cowries being ordered by "our Honourable 
 Masters" to be shipped in 1753, and of a tribute of 
 *' 12,000 hahuns of cowries " in 1803. || This accounts 
 
 * Voyages to the East Indies, 1798, i. 461-2. f Ibid. iii. 10. 
 
 J Voyage of John Huyghen van Linschoten to the East Indies, ed. 
 A. C. Barnell and P. A. Tiele, i. 241 ff. (Hakluyt Society). 
 § Voyages, 118. || Hohson-Jobson, s.v.
 
 COPPER COINAGE. xci 
 
 for the absence of copper coins in the series of the later 
 Emperors. 
 
 The copper currency of Akbar, however, was abundant, 
 as Mr. C. J. Rodgers has shown in his valuable papers in 
 the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal * and the 
 Indian Antiquary.] Some obscurity exists as to the 
 weights and denominations of these pieces. Abu-1-Fazl 
 enumerates only the dam (or paisah), and its half, 
 quarter, and eighth. But the word dam does not occur by 
 itself on the coins. Instead, we find generally the vague 
 term fiiMs u*»>^. which means "money," the weight-de- 
 nomination tanhah aC^, with its half i^^oJ, <*^ ^otJ, 
 quarter <x-a». ^jK^, eighth A-a». ^^li*, and sixteenth 
 A-a»->jA>jJli j and the forms die tdnJci ^^^ 3^, or double 
 tdnhi, and what Mr. Rodgers reads as chu tdnhi ^^^ ^, 
 four tdnkis ; though the Hindustani form ^ for the 
 Persian j^^ is somewhat unexpected. The 7nuhr j^* 
 also occurs ; and the ddmrd 'j-«b, and ddmri iJL>-*'^- 
 These terms require consideration. 
 
 The thirty-nine specimens in the British Museum may 
 be classified as follows : — 
 
 1. FaLtJS : 307 to 325 grs.J 
 
 Ahmaddbdd a.h. 982 (wt. 312), 98a; (314). 
 DehU, Ilahi 42-4 (37 =|). 
 
 • xlix. (1880) ; liv. (1885). f 1890, July, 220-224. 
 
 J Mr. Rodgers, in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, xlix. 
 213-7, and Ind. Antiq., 1890, gives the following weights of fulus and 
 their fractions: — Alwar, a.h. 968 (303) ; Ahmadabad, a.h. 980 (314), 986 
 (318) ; Ajmir, 988 (313); Attak Benares, Ilahi 37 (316); Burhanpiir, 
 Ilahi 48 (310); Chitor, a.h. 999 (314); Dehlf, a.h. 981 (311), Ilahi 38 (308); 
 Fathpur, AH. 989 (319), 986 (78 = i) ; Gwdlior, Ilahf 38 (315); Hisar 
 Firozah, A.H. 967 (320) 996 (314) ; Jannpiir, 970 (307) ; Lahore, a.h. 
 987 (325), 970 (315), 976 (289), Ilahi 43 (295), 38 (39 = 1); Lucknow, 
 A.H. 989 (317); Malpur, 985 (309); Multan, IldM 4,1 (312); Narn61(?), 
 A.H. 969 (37 = I) ; Urdu-Zafar-Karin, Ilihi 42 (315), &c. These are 
 all regular in weight, and in accord with the weights of fulus in the 
 British Museum.
 
 ii COPPER COINAGE. 
 
 Dogdm, A.H. 983 (312), 994 (321). 
 FathpuT, A.H. 987 (309), 988 (311). 
 Gtvdlior, a.h, 9xx (309). 
 ,, Ilalii 38 (316). 
 
 Jaunptlr, a.h. 98x (312). 
 Kabul, Ilahi 32, 33 (155 = |). 
 Lahore, a.h. 97a; (310). 
 
 Ilahi 39 (312), 43 (78 = i), 36 (40=|). 
 Mdlpdr, A.H. 985 (319). 
 Multdn, Ilahi 37 (310). 
 Ndrnol, A.H. 963 (325), 965 (317), 980 (311), 982 (312). 
 
 Ilahi 36 (128). 
 Urdu-Zafar-Karm, a.h. 1000 (307). 
 Mint obliterated a.h. 966 (315), 980 (314), 987 (314, 318). 
 
 2. Tankah.* 
 Bairdtah, Ilahi 44 (634, 644, 316). 
 No Mint, Ilahi year obliterated (36 : -j^oth C>,tfift. ^A^pLw), 
 
 3. Tank{ (all Agra?i).f 
 
 1 Tanki, Ilahi 47 (58). 
 
 2 „ „ 46 (116); 47 (120); 50 (122). 
 4 „ „ 47(244). 
 
 4. MOHR. 
 
 Ilahabas, Ilahi 31 (315). 
 
 5. No Denomination. 
 Agrah, Ilahi 4x (67). 
 
 • Mr. Kodgers (uhi s^ipra) describes tankahs of 618, 620, 623, 625'5, 
 and 626 grs., and of 327 and 315 grs. ; half-tankahs (so specified in 
 their inscriptions), of 317, 309, and 318 grs. ; a quarter-tankah of 158 
 grs. ; an eighth of 39-5 grs. (^sic) ; and sixteenths of 37'5 and38"5 grs., 
 all so specified. 
 
 t Mr. Rodgers {uhi supra) publishes a 1 tanki piece of Lahore (? 
 Ilahi 46 (59 grs.), and others of 59, 58-8 grs. ; 2 tanki pieces of Agrah 
 of 108 and 109 grs. ; 4 t^nki pieces of 237-244-5 grs., agreeing with 
 the weights in the British Museum.
 
 TANKAHS AND TANKIS. sciii 
 
 According to the Ain-i Akhari the dam or copper unit 
 of Akbar weighed 1 tolah, 8 mcishas, 7 ratis, or, at Mr. 
 Thomas's estimate of the rati, 323'5 grs. It is therefore 
 clear that the coins which are named fulils in their in- 
 scriptions, and weigh from 307 to 325 grs., are dams, 
 whilst the Kabul specimen of 153 grs. is an adhelah or 
 half-dam ; the Lahore piece of 78 grs. a pdulah or quarter- 
 dam ; and the two coins of 36 and 37 grs. ddmris or 
 eighths of a dam. Mr. Kodgers has published a half- 
 dam (>>b ^i'->, specifically so named) of 148 "7 grs., a ddmri 
 of 40 grs., and a ddmrd (presumably two damris, or 1 
 paulah) of 76 grs. The mohr of Ilahabas (315 grs.) is also 
 clearly a dam, and the word moh^ is probably used, not 
 as a denomination, but merely as meaning " stamp." 
 
 The term tanhali appears to be used just as vaguely as 
 fulus, both for dams of 315 to 327 grs. and double dams 
 of 618 to 644 grs. Mr. Kodgers states that his weights 
 prove that the tankah was equal to two dams : but I 
 do not draw the same inference. All his weights prove 
 is that some tankahs weighed about 630 grs., and others 
 about 320. He publishes a coin specifically named an 
 eigMliofsb tankah, weighing nearly 40 grs., which brings 
 the tankah to 320 grs., and also sixteenths of 38"5 grs., 
 which would make it 616 grs. 
 
 The tdnhi is quite distinct from the tanJcah. It 
 weighs 58 or 59 grs., and its double weighs 108 to 
 122 grs. ; while four-tdnki pieces weigh 237 to 244 grs. 
 According to Mr. Rodgers the tdnJci is a weight, not a 
 coin, and he endeavours unsuccessfully to reconcile its 
 weight (say 62 grs. when unworn) with the " jeweller's 
 tank,'' which is stated in the Ain to be of 24 ratis 
 (42 grs). A more probable hypothesis would be that, 
 just as there were Jifth parts {panj,pandan,pandu) of the 
 mohr and rupee, so the ddm had its fifth, called a tdnki. 
 The weight, of QS grs. or so, corresponds fairly well with
 
 xciv COFFER COINAGE. 
 
 one-fiftli of the dam of about 320 grs. ; and tlie du tdnJci 
 and chu tdnki pieces would correspond to ftlis and |tlis 
 of the dam. 
 
 To sum up, allowing for wear, we have roughly — 
 
 The Dam {jyaisah, fuUs, tanhah), about 320 grains. 
 ^ „ (adhelah, mm dam, nasfi), 160 grs. 
 i „ {paulah, ddmrd), 80 grs. 
 I ,, (ddmri, haslitum husali), 40 grs. 
 Tankah, large {double dam), 640 grs. 
 
 „ small [ddm), 320 grs. 
 J tankah, large (cJiuhdr hissah), 160. 
 I ,, small (hashtum hissah), 45. 
 Te »> large {shdnzdahum hissah), 40. 
 Tdnki, fifth of dam, 63. 
 Double tdnki, 125. 
 Quadruple tdnki, 250. 
 
 Further investigation and the discovery of more 
 specimens may confirm or modify these conclusions.
 
 ( xcv ) 
 
 § 9. COINAGE OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 
 In tie latter part of this volume will be found descrip- 
 tions of various coins issued by tlie East India Company 
 in imitation of the Moghul currency. According to the 
 principle of classification adopted in the Department of 
 Coins, all clearly European issues, by which are meant 
 coins issued with European legends or images, struck 
 in the colonies and British possessions abroad, are placed 
 among what is termed the British Colonial Series; and 
 accordingly the early issues of Elizabeth, the obviously 
 English coins of the Bombay factory, and the Imperial 
 currency instituted by the Company in 1835, with the 
 head of the King or the Lion on the obverse, etc., are 
 omitted from the present volume and included in the 
 Colonial Series. But when the Company's coins bear 
 the name of an Indian sovereign, and were intended to 
 pass among the people as though they had been struck 
 by that sovereign himself, they cannot be regarded as 
 part of the regular Colonial Series, but must be classed 
 along with the coins which they avowedly counterfeit. 
 Thus the coins issued by the Madras and Calcutta 
 authorities, nominally from the mint of Arkat, in 1815, 
 etc., are included in this Catalogue, because they bear the 
 name of 'Alamgir II. ; and similarly the Company's 
 well-known "19 san " rupee of 1793 — 1835 is described 
 in this volume, because it bears the name of Shah-'Alam, 
 though it continued to be issued long after this Emperor's 
 death. 
 
 The task of distinguishing the Company's imitations 
 from the Moghul issues is not always easy, and some- 
 times is impossible. Considerations of fabric, mint- 
 marks, &c., are of assistance, but a knowledge of the
 
 xcvi EAST IXDIA COMPANY. 
 
 mint records is essential to a final and permanent classi- 
 fication, and it may be doubted whether even these 
 would avail to solve a large proportion of the complicated 
 problems presented by the coinage. At present, how- 
 ever, this branch of information has been but imperfectly 
 investigated. A considerable number of important facts 
 has been collected by Prinsep, Marsden, Ruding, Atkins, 
 and Sir Walter Elliot, &c.; and recently a valuable addi- 
 tion has been made to our sources by Mr. Edgar Thurston, 
 the superintendent of the Madras Central Museum, 
 who has explored the archives of the Madras mint.* 
 It is much to be desired that similar researches should 
 be made at Calcutta and Bombay ; for until this is done 
 more completely than Prinsep was able to do it, any 
 detailed classification must be more or less tentative. 
 
 A cursory glance at the history of the Company's 
 coinage will show the causes of this difficulty of classifica- 
 tion. Although the first charter of the "Old "f or London 
 East India Company (styled in full, " The Governor and 
 Company of Merchants of London trading into the East 
 Indies,") dates from the close of the year 1600, the 
 Directors never assumed the right to authorize the issue 
 of a universal currency for India, hearing the Company's 
 name, till 1835. During this long interval several 
 methods were employed to meet the monetary exigencies 
 of their trade. For example, special coins with the 
 device of a portcullis were exported from England in 
 Elizabeth's reign for use in the Company's factories : 
 
 * History of the Coinage of the Territories of the East India Company 
 in the Indian Peninsula, &c., with 20 plates. Madras, 1890. 
 
 t So called to distinguish it from the later "English Company " or 
 " General Society," founded in 1698. The two were united in 170S-9 
 under the title of " The United Company of Merchants of England 
 trading to the East Indies," commonly called the Honourable East 
 India Company. The natives called it Jahdn-Kumpani, " Company of 
 the World," whence the nickname "John Company."
 
 ROYAL CHARTERS. xcvii 
 
 such, however, would of course be employed only for 
 trade with European nations, and would not pass in the 
 interior of India. When Charles ll/s queen brought him, 
 as part of her dowry, the port and island of Bombay (in 
 1661, but the place was not surrendered till 1665), the 
 king by Letters Patent dated 27 March, 1669, transferred 
 them to the Company, to be held " as of the Manor of 
 East Greenwich " in free and common soccage at a farm 
 rent of 10/. Bombay soon (1685) became the seat of 
 the Western Presidency, and already in 1671 a mint was 
 founded, where the Company's agents by royal permis- 
 sion issued a local coinage of their own with English 
 inscriptions, for circulation in the island and the 
 immediate neighbourhood. The Letters Patent of 
 5 October, 1677, contain the following clause on this 
 subject ; " Slntl QISiO of our farther especiall grace 
 vertuwe knowledge and meere motion 2j2Ht tiOt by 
 these presents for us our Heires and Successors give 
 and graunt unto the said Governor and Company of 
 Merchants of London trading into the East Indies and 
 their Successors full and free liberty power and Authority 
 from tyme to tyme and at all tymes hereafter within the 
 Port and Island of Bombay in the East Indies and the 
 Precincts and Territoryes thereof and thereunto belong- 
 ing to Stamp and Coyne or Caused to bee Stamped and 
 Coyned moneys of Gold Silver Copper Tynne or Lead or 
 of any mixt mettall Compounded or made up of them or 
 auy of them to bee Currant within the said Port and 
 Island Fort and Townes and the Precincts and Territories 
 thereof And also in all the Islands Ports Havens Cittys 
 Creeks Townes and Places whatsoever within the East 
 Indies Expressed mentioned or contayned in our said 
 severall Charters or Letters Patents herein before men- 
 tioned or either of them with such Impression and 
 
 n
 
 xcviii EARLY BOMBAY COINAGE. 
 
 Inscription thereupon to bee made and to bee called or 
 knowne by the Name or Names of Rupees Pices and 
 Budgerookes," etc.* The historian Khafi Khan records 
 that "some rupees which the English had coined at 
 Bombay with the name of their impure king," were 
 shown to the Emperor Aurangzib in 1694 (a.h. 1105); 
 but when Khafi Khan was sent to expostulate, the chief 
 of the Bombay factory explained that these pieces were 
 only " current in our own jurisdiction,"-j- Such coins 
 are, therefore, properly classed as English colonial 
 currency. For circulation among the natives in India, 
 the Company were forced either to send their bullion to 
 be minted by the Moghul governors, or to imitate at 
 various local mints the common coins of the contemporary 
 Moghul Emperor. The native princes having raised 
 objections to this exercise of the privilege of coining, 
 the Company obtained further powers by Letters Patent 
 from James II., dated 1 2 April, 1686 (a.h. 1097), by which 
 they were authorized to issue at all their forts copies of the 
 current native coins, on the condition that they maintained 
 an equal weight and fineness with the pieces they copied. 
 The Bombay factory was directed to use " such stamps, 
 dies, and tools, as were common in the country." J In 
 1688-9, the native authorities, anxious to obviate the 
 exercise of this royal permission, granted the Company 
 the right to send their bullion to be coined at the 
 Moghul mint at Surat ; but it appears they preferred to 
 continue their practice of coining at Bombay. 
 
 At this early period there is no means of distinguish- 
 ing between the Moghul issues and the Company^s 
 
 * Facsimile in Journal of Indian Art, No. 31. See also Sir G. 
 Birdwood, Report on the Old Records of the India Office, 2iid reprint, 
 219, &c. 
 
 t Khifi Khan, ED. vii. 351. 
 
 X Parchment Records, India OflBce : Birdwood, op. cit., 285.
 
 CONCESSIONS OF FARRUKII-SIYAR. xcix 
 
 imitations. Nor can we be certain that a coin bear- 
 ing the name of a certain city was struck at that mint. 
 We read, for example, that the Bengal Council in 1707 
 (1119), sent a specimen of the new Emperor Bahadur's 
 rupees to Fort St. George to be copied for use in the trade 
 with Bengal* But it is specially mentioned that this 
 rupee was not to be used at Madras, because it might 
 give offence to the rival Emperor, or pretender, Kam 
 Bakhsh, whose influence was then predominant in the 
 Deccan. Thus Bengal rupees f might be coined at 
 Madras, and (as will be seen) Madras rupees at Calcutta. 
 So far all coining by the Company at their own mints 
 was carried on with difficulty and interruption, and 
 against the will of the Moghul rulers ; indeed, the 
 Company's coinage was at this period simple forgery, 
 though the fact that it passed among the natives shows 
 that it was intrinsically as good as the imperial currency, 
 from which it apparently could not be distinguished. 
 But in 1717 (1129) the Company were permitted to 
 escape from this invidious position. In that year the 
 Emperor Farrukh-siyar, yielding, no doubt, to substan- 
 tial persuasions, and perceiving the futility of resistance, 
 granted a firman by which the English were allowed to coin 
 money of the Empire in the island of Bombay.J The 
 permission, however, is said to have not been practically 
 put in force till 1725 (1137), when the Bombay mint, 
 which had apparently fallen into disuse, no doubt by 
 reason of the Emperor's opposition, was rebuilt.§ In 
 1742 (1154-5) the Company were also granted permission 
 to coin rupees in imitation of those struck by the Imperial 
 
 * Thurston, op. cit., 24. 
 
 f The word rupee is often oflBcially used in a general sense to 
 include both gold and silver coins ; and we come across the term 
 " gold rupee " in the writings of European travellers. 
 
 X Thurston, op. cit., 25. 
 
 § In contradiction of this statement, see below, p. cvi.
 
 c BENGAL. 
 
 governors at Arkat,* and they issued rupees^ with the name 
 of the nominal mint Arkat, at Fort St. George for circula- 
 tion in the Deccan, and later on, at Calcutta and Dhakka 
 for use in Bengal. The French Compagnie des Indes 
 exercised a similar privilege of issuing " Arkat " rupees 
 at Pondicherry. The Arkat rupees struck at Madras 
 had the mark of a trisid, or " Siva^s trident " ; those 
 struck at Calcutta, a rose; and the French, a crescent.f 
 
 In Bengal the Company were for a long time 
 obliged to send their bullion to be coined at the mints of 
 the Nawab of the province, which were at Dhakka, 
 Patnah, and Murshidabad. But at length in 1759 
 (1171-2), the Nawab Siraj-ad-daulah gave them per- 
 mission to establish a mint of their own at Calcutta. J 
 In 1764 (1176), after the battle of Buxar, the Moghul 
 Emperor Shah-'Alam submitted to the English, who in 
 1765 took over the administration of what remained of his 
 realm, but assigned to him the province of Allahabad 
 with the district of Korah, together with a subsidy for 
 his establishment. § In taking over the administration, 
 the Company also assumed the right of coinage. At 
 first, indeed, the Nawab of Bengal continued to strike 
 coins, whilst agreeing to pass Calcutta rupees as equal to 
 those of his own mint of Murshidabad ; but the mints at 
 Patnah, Dhakka, and Murshidabad were soon abolished, 
 and all the coins for Bengal were struck at Calcutta, 
 whatever supposititious mint name they might bear.|| 
 
 * Prinsep, Useful Tables, 24. 
 
 + Thurston, op. cit., 50; 102 note. % J^^^^- 33. 
 
 § This was arranged by the Treaty of Allahabad, dated 16 Aug., 
 1765, between the English and the Nawab Vazir of Oudh, and by 
 "Articles of agreement," dated 19 Aug., 1765, confirming certain 
 firmans of the 12th of the same month. The Treaty is given in fac- 
 simile in the Journal of Indian Art, No 31. The coin issued in the 
 Emperor's name at Calcutta in a.h. 1176, the only piece of its kind, 
 seems to have been struck in commemoration of this event. It is iu 
 the nature of a medal. 
 
 1] Thurston, op. ci^, 3i, 38.
 
 MURSHIDABAD. ci 
 
 Here, then, we come upon one of the perplexities 
 of this period. For some years after 1 765 there appears 
 to have been a double issue in Bengal, — the Nawab'a 
 and the Company's ; and no recoi-d so far has been pub- 
 lished of the distinction between the two. In the classi- 
 fication of these issues in the present volume, the principal 
 guide has been the style and fabric of the coins themselves. 
 
 In 1793 (1207-8) the Company endeavoured to put 
 an end to the existing confusion and discrepancies of 
 weight and purity by establishing a standard currency 
 which should supersede the various local issues. For 
 this purpose they selected the coinage struck at Mur- 
 shidabad in the 19th year of Shah-'Alam's reign as the 
 most suitable for imitation, — presumably because the 
 most correct in standard and the most perfect in design 
 and execution. The result was the coin familiar to Anglo- 
 Indians under the name of the " 19 san " or " sikkah " 
 rupee (and mohr) of Murshidabad, which was now fixed as 
 the standard coin to the exclusion of all others in Bengal, 
 though the old rupees of the 11th, 12Dh and loth year 
 were still to pass current until there should be a sufficiency 
 of the new coinage.* The old mints at Dhakka, Patnah, 
 and Murshidabad are said to have been revived for this 
 issue : but Marsden asserts that it was all coined at 
 Calcutta. The 19th year of Shah- 'Alamos reign was 
 retained on the obverse, whatever Hijrah year might 
 appear on the reverse, and this absurd anachronism went 
 on until the true colonial coinage of 1835 was introduced. 
 So much for the foundation of the Lower Bengal coin- 
 age which formed the chief currency of Calcutta until 
 1835, though modified, from time to time, notably in 
 1818 and 1832. The upper country in Bengal, however, 
 was served from other mints, of which the chief were 
 Benares and Farrukhabad, aud these were the only two 
 
 * Marsden, Num. Orient., ii. 688. Prinsep, oj). cit., 24.
 
 cii FARUUKHABAD. BENARES. 
 
 up-country mints used by the Company until 1830, The 
 Benares mint was established by Raja Balwant Singh m 
 1730 (1142), and remained undernative control for twenty 
 years after the Company took over the administration of 
 the province in 1765.* The Company's Farrukhabad 
 mint was founded in 1803 (1218), about a year after the 
 Duab had been ceded to the Enghsh, and issued its 
 " 45 san " rupee, in imitation of what was known as the 
 " Lucknow 45 san sikkah "f struck at the Fathgarh 
 mint of the Moghul : the 45fch year of 'Shah-Alam cor- 
 responding to the year 1218 of the Hijrah (1803). 
 The Benares mint which had for some time been issuing 
 the Nawiib of Oudh's rupees, in 1806 was made to coin 
 Company's coin, with the mint-mark of the trisul or 
 Siva's trident. Neither mint enjoyed a long existence. 
 That at Farrukhabad was closed in 1824 (1240) and that 
 at Benares in 1830 (1246): J but, in accordance with the 
 anomalous ways of the time the Benares mint ceased to 
 issue its own rupees in 1819, and substituted an issue of 
 Farrukhabad rupees from 1819 till its suppression in 1830. 
 After that date, Sagar§ and Calcutta took up the duty 
 of issuing Farrukhdhdd coins for the up-country circula- 
 tion, until this branch of the coinage was suppressed in 
 1835. The various difficulties in the classification of the 
 coins arising from this confusion of mints will be noticed 
 further on. 
 
 The following table, based upon Prinsep's data,|| 
 shows the different classes of the Company's Bengal 
 
 * Prinsep, op. cit., 25. Thurston, op. cit., 43. 
 
 t It is not explained why it was called a " Lucknow " rupee, although 
 it bore the name of Ahmadnagar Farrukhabad, and was struck at Fath- 
 garh ; but this is merely an example of the confusion of the subject. 
 
 X Prinsep, op. cit., 26. 
 
 § Sagar was established as a native mint in 1779 (1193) by the 
 Peshwa's officer at Garrah Mandlah ; and was ceded to the English 
 in 1818. _ II Op. cit., 3.
 
 VARIETIES OF MILLING. 
 
 cm 
 
 issues, so far as they adopted the European style of a 
 collar, rim, or milled edges, by which they may be dis- 
 tinguished. That there were other issues after the 
 native style will be shown later. 
 
 Milling, etc. 
 
 No milling, but 
 a dotted rim on 
 the face. 
 
 Murshidabdd : — 
 Old standard sikkah rupee of 1793-1818. 
 
 New „ „ „ „ 1818-1832. 
 
 Later standard sikkah rupee of 1832-5. 
 
 Farrukhdhdd : — 
 Old standard Farrukhabad rupee (or 
 " 45 san Lucknow rupee ") of 
 1803-19 
 
 New standard Farrukhabad rupee 
 (coined at Farrukhabad, 1819-24, 
 at Benares 1819-30 ; and at Sagar 
 and Calcutta, 1819-33). 
 
 Later Farrukhabad rupee 1833-5. . 
 
 Benares : — 
 Benares rupee 1806-1819 .... 
 
 It will be noticed that oblique milling prevailed in all 
 three mints until 1818-9, straight milling from 1819 to 
 1832-3, and plain edges from 1833-5. 
 
 In September 1835 the Company established an 
 English coinage with the head of William IV. in place of 
 the name of the Moghul Emperor, and all the older 
 issues were ordered to be suppressed. 
 
 Turning to Bombay, we find that the plan of a 
 uniform and fixed coinage was adopted there rather later 
 than the establishment of the "19 san Murshidabad ^' 
 currency in Bengal (1793), The mohrs and rupees of 
 
 Plain edge and 
 plain rim.
 
 civ BOMBAY, sun AT. 
 
 Surat had long been the models on which the Bombay 
 coins had been imitated ; but there arose discrepances in 
 the fineness which obliged the Company to have their 
 coins restruck at Surat. It was not till 1800 (1214) that 
 the Bombay mint recommenced the issue of Surat rupees,* 
 and not till 1804 (1219), the 46th year of Shah-Alam, 
 that a fixed coinage was established.f The Bombay- 
 Surat coins, both in gold and silver, bearing this year, 
 were distinguished by a crown, but this mark was soon 
 abandoned, and the familiar *' 46 san Surat rupees " are 
 only distinguishable by their date from the native issues. 
 Like the "19 san " rupee of Murshidabad, the " 46 san " 
 rupee of Surat continued to be struck, irrespective of 
 the true date, until the establishment of a general 
 British currency in 1835. 
 
 The Madras coinage, with the nominal mint Arkdt, 
 has already been mentioned. 
 
 The foregoing summary of the history of the coinage 
 of the East India Company up to the establishment of 
 an English currency in 1835 prepares the way for an 
 examination of the reasons which have ruled the classi- 
 fication of these issues in the present volume, and of 
 the means of distinguishing between them and the 
 contemporary native coinages. 
 
 The history of the Company's coinage (for circulation 
 among natives) before 1835 has been seen to fall into 
 three periods : — 
 
 1. The Period of Prohibition ; when the Company 
 either sent its bullion to be coined at the Moghul mints, 
 or else issued illicit imitations, i.e. forgeries. 
 
 * Prinsep, op. cit., 24. This year is the date of the suppression of 
 the native Nawab or governor at Surat. 
 
 + Atkins, Coins of British Possessions and Colonies (1889), says that 
 Surat rupees were copied by the Company from 1733 to 1780 (1146 — ■ 
 1194), and then the 46 san rupee was introduced. This last state- 
 ment is irreconcilable with the fact that Shiih 'Alam's 4Gth year 
 corresponds to 1804.
 
 PERIODS IN THE COINAGE. cv 
 
 2. The Period of Concession ; when the Company 
 obtained limited rights of coining, viz. : — 
 
 a. To coin at Bombay, 1716 (1129), but not exer- 
 cised until 1725 (1137). 
 h. To copy Arkat rupees, 1742 (1154). 
 c. To establish a mint at Calcutta, 1759 (1171). 
 
 3. The Period of Administration ; when the Company 
 practically took over the administration and minting of 
 the Moghul Empire, 1765 (1178). 
 
 In classifying the coins these three periods must be 
 treated in succession : — 
 
 ( I.) During the first of these periods it is obviously im- 
 possible to distinguish between the Moghul and the Com- 
 pany' s issues. The latter were forgeries, and forgeries 
 that were so good that they apparently could not be 
 detected. 
 
 (2.) In the second period there are only three mints to 
 be considered : Bombay, Arkat (Madras), and Calcutta, 
 corresponding to the three chief factories of the Com- 
 pany and to the three modern Presidencies. 
 
 We are not informed what coin the Bombay mint was 
 authorized to issue in 1716, but it is termed '* coin, of 
 the Empire," which must indicate coin such as the 
 Moghul Emperor issued from his own mints : and any 
 doubt which might be entertained on the subject is 
 removed by the discovery, in the British Museum, of 
 the very coins in question. They will be found described 
 on pp. 278-9, and all bear the mint name j^t^ (or ^-^u) 
 Munhai, pronounced Mumhai (Bombay).* The earliest, 
 three in number, are dated a.h. 1131 (1719), and the 
 year 1 [of Muhammad Shah], which shows that the 
 
 * Marsden read this as " the Moneer of the maps," and Mr. Thurs- 
 ton, op. cit., describes his no. 39 (PI. xvi. 4) as a Surat rupee, though 
 it reads Munbai and is similar to nos. 7f) and SO, p 279, in the 
 present volume.
 
 cvi SECOND PERIOD. BOMB A Y. 
 
 privilege of coining, granted in 1716, was speedily 
 exercised, and not postponed till 1725 as stated in the 
 records. These coins, and one of 1143 (1730), do not 
 bear the name of a Moghul Emperor on the reverse, 
 but merely the inaccurately engraved inscription 
 j^jU dU; ^5U. ^jL« aCw . What the figure 5 represents 
 is a difficult problem, unless it be a bad copy of the ^ i 
 
 in 0^ ^Ulw . It may refer to the relation of the coins \ 
 
 to the rupee : for they all weigh 37 grains, which is 
 about one-fifth of the full weight of a rupee. The 1725 
 issue, recorded in the annals, is represented by the 
 rupee no. 72, p, 278, which bears the name of Muham- 
 mad Shah and the regnal year 7, corresponding to 1137 
 (1725). A later rupee is dated in the eighteenth year of 
 Muhammad Shah, and a.h. 1148 (1735), with a counter- 
 stamp, probably a shrofi'-mark of a Moghul money- 
 changer. A gold mohr is dated the 9th of Shah-'Alam, 
 A.H. 1182 (1768); and a rupee bears the same regnal 
 year, but the Hijrah date is 1188 (1774), an error not 
 infrequent on Anglo-Moghul coins. Finally, two very 
 badly engraved rupees, having no dates, and wearing a 
 modern look, appear to have been issued at Calcutta for 
 Bombay in 1800.* 
 
 As to Arkat, there is little difficulty in distinguishing 
 the coins struck with this name at Madras, Calcutta, 
 and Pondicherry, from those issued by the Moghul 
 authorities at Arkat itself. The latter have no particu- *| 
 
 lar mark, whilst there is ample authority for identifying 
 the trisul, rose, and crescent, as the respective symbols 
 of the three European mints. Examples of the native 
 issues are described on p. 239, and illustrated on PL xxvii. 
 The Company's coins all bear the name of 'Alamgir II., 
 and the sixth year of his reign (whatever the Hijrah year), 
 
 * See the footnote, p. 279.
 
 ABKAT BUFEES. cvii 
 
 whicli seems to suggest that the issue of Arkat rupees, 
 though authorized in 1742 (1154), was not actually 
 carried out till the reign of that Emperor 1754 — 61 
 (1167 — 75). The earliest dated issues in the British 
 Museum are of a.h. 1213 — 4 (1798 — 1800), and are pre- 
 cisely similar to the contemporary native coinage of 
 Arkat, with the addition of the trisul Y- I^ 1815 a 
 milled coinage was established (with the name of 
 'Alamgir II., and years 1172 and 6 of reign) which 
 lasted until 1835, and was issued at Madras with the 
 trisul and at Calcutta with the rose. The Calcutta 
 issues have a straight milling, which, on the analogy of 
 the Company's Bengal currency, would suggest that 
 they were struck between 1818 and 1832. (See pp. 
 282 — 5, and PI. xxxii.). The French rupees, with the mint 
 Arkat and the crescent, bear the name of Shah-'Alam 
 more usually than that of 'Alamgir II., and, unlike the 
 Euglish issues, they vary the regnal years on the obverse 
 nearly in accordance with those of the Hijrah on the 
 reverse.* (See pp. 286-7 and PI. xxxii.) The same 
 symbols, the trisul and the crescent, appear on some 
 rupees of Masulipatan, but here both belong to the 
 period of the English occupation ; though the crescent 
 is doubtless a survival from the French conquest. (See 
 p. 288, PI. xxxii.) 
 
 Of the Calcutta mint, authorized in 1759 (1171), very 
 little is known in this second period. The onlyf occur- 
 rence of this name is on the commemorative piece of 1176 
 already referred to (ante, p. Ixxxv., note), and on some 
 copper coins (p. 289) . The Calcutta mint was almost ex- 
 clusively employed in issuiug coins bearing the names of 
 
 * M. Zay's work on the French colonial coinages is weak in the 
 Indian section. 
 
 t The rupee no. 726, described by an oversight on p. 143 as of 
 Calcutta, is, of course, of Golkondah.
 
 cviii THIRD PERIOD. 
 
 other mints {e.g. Arkat, aud later on Murshidabad, 
 Furrukliabad, &c.). 
 
 (3.) The tliinl period presents the chief difficulties in 
 classification. It extends from the assumption of 
 administrative powers by the Company in Bengal in 
 1765 to the inauguration of a European currency in 
 1835, during the whole of which interval the name of 
 Shah-^Alam appeal's on the Company's coinage (except 
 that of *'Arkat"), although this Emperor died in 1806. 
 As Shah-'Alam's authority was purely nominal, and he 
 was generally under British or Maratha control, it is 
 idle to seek for any individual exercise of monetary 
 powers by the Emperor personally. All that has to be 
 done is to draw the line between the coinage issued in 
 his name by the provincial governors (however inde- 
 pendent, or however much under the real authority of 
 the English) and the coinage issued at the Company's 
 mints, which were few and well known. (See table above, 
 p. ciii.) The latter alone can be properly termed 
 Company's coins, however much other money may have 
 been supervised by their officers. 
 
 We have first to determine what coins must be 
 placed under Shilh-' Alain. Under this head are classed all 
 those coins which bear his name, and have legible mints 
 and consistent dates {i.e. dates in which the regnal and 
 Hijrah years are in accord). A large number of these 
 coins were issued by one or other of the numerous 
 quasi-independent states which sprang up all over India 
 upon the decay o£ the Moghul authority ; but so long as 
 they show the Emperor's name, and so long as their dates 
 tally with his reign, they must be classed as his coinage, 
 though he was only a figure head. This principle of 
 classification excludes a large number of coins which 
 do not fulfil the conditions here laid down : these will 
 be referred to later. Shah-'Alam's coinage is essentially
 
 SHAE-'ALAMS COINAGE. cix 
 
 of a local character, and is therefore divided under the 
 several mints. 
 
 It is curious that there seem to be no specimens of 
 Shah-'Alam's coinage issued at his first capital^ Allahabad. 
 His most impoi'taut coinage was at Shdhjahdndbdd, 
 modern Dehll, where he can hardly be said to have been 
 master; since he was a puppet there in the hands of the 
 Marathas from 1771-88 (1185-1203) and their prisoner 
 from 1788 until Lord Lakers victory over them, 
 March 14, 1803 (1217), when Delhi was administered for 
 a year or two by a British resident. There are very 
 few coins of this mint belonging to the Maratha period, 
 and these present no peculiarities: but the British 
 occupation is prominently signalized on the coinage. 
 The British lion, which was the Company's crest, appears 
 to the right of the imperial umbrella on rupees of 1218 
 (which year began in April 1803), but in deference, 
 it is said, to the prejudices of the blind Emperor, who 
 was told that the English had engraved an unclean 
 animal on the coins, the lion gave place to the ciuquefoil 
 (the badge adopted on the coinage by the Company)* 
 on rupees of 1218 and 1219 (1803-4). In the same 
 way, on the large thin issues (probably nisdrs, see 
 above, p. Ixxxvi.) of this mint, instead of the tree which 
 usually stands beside the umbrella, we find the 
 
 * Although a rose with five petals formed part of the arms of the 
 " Old" Company, at least as early as 1677 (cf. plate in Journal of 
 Indian Art, no. 31), it was not found in the arms of the " New" Com- 
 pany, or of the Honourable United Company. The new arms granted 
 in 1698 were : Argent a cross gules, on a shield in the dexter quarter 
 the arms of France and England quarterly within a compartment, 
 adorned with an Imperial crown ; for the crest, upon a helm on a 
 toree or wreath argent and gales, a lion rampant gardant or, holdino- 
 between his paws an imperial crown proper, mantled gules, doubled 
 argent ; supported by two lions gardant or, each holding a banner 
 argent charged with a cross gules. (See facsimile of the Grant in 
 Journal of Indian Art, no. 31.)
 
 ex BENARES. 
 
 cinquefoil * introduced on rupees of 1218 to 1221, while 
 a truly British wreath, composed of roses, thistles, and 
 shamrocks, encircles the coinage of a.h. 1219 to 1220. 
 (See pp. 234-6 and PI. xxvii.) Shah-'Alam's coinage at 
 Etawa, Ahmadabad, Arkat, Akbarabad, Najibabad (the 
 capital of the Rohila chief Najib-ad-daulah) and other 
 mints, calls for no special notice; he died in 1221 (1806). 
 
 We now come to mints which j^assed from native control 
 into the Company's, such as Benares, and the problem 
 to be determined is where the native coinage ends 
 and the Company^s begins. The older Benares type 
 (represented in the Museum from a.h. 1183 to 1196) 
 was exchanged for a new issue, distinguished by a 
 large flower of four petals, at or before 1203 (1787-8). 
 These coins bear a double regnal year, one referring 
 to Shah-' Alam, the other invariably 1 7. Marsden f 
 explains this latter as being the date of the succes- 
 sion (1191 A.H.), of Asaf-ad-daulah, the Nawab-Vazir of 
 Oudb, under whose authority these coins were issued : 
 the year 1191, of course, being the 17th year of Shah- 
 'Alam, who came to the throne in 1173. This type of 
 Benares coinage runs on, as to regnal years, to the 49th 
 year of Shah-'Alam, which corresponds to 1221, the year 
 of his death; but the Hijrah dates include 1222, 1224, 
 and 1225 (1810 a.d.), all later than the Emperor's death. 
 (See p. 244, PI. xxviii.) 
 
 Now we have already seen that Prinsep says that the 
 Benares mint remained under native control for twenty 
 years after the Company took over the administration 
 of Bengal in 1765. It is distinctly stated by the Indian 
 historians that on the death of the Nawab Vazir Shuja'- 
 
 * The same arrangement was adopted by Muhammad Akbar II. 
 and Bahadur II., the two puppet Emperors who succeeded Shah- 
 'Alara, until the Indian Mutiny brought about the end of the effete 
 dynasty. t Num. Orient, 693.
 
 BENARES. cxi 
 
 ad-daulah id a.h. 1191, the English received the districts 
 of BenareSj Jaunpur, Ghazipur^ and Chunar, from his 
 successor Asaf-ad-daulah, in consideration of his being 
 confirmed in his post, and these parts were accordingly 
 annexed. The coins with the special year of the 
 Nawab of Oudh seem to disprove this statement : the 
 native control, according to them, must have lasted up to 
 1810. On the other hand, the only milled Benares rupee in 
 the collection (no. 66, p. 277, PI. xxxi), clearly belonging 
 to the Company^s issue of 1806 — 1819, bears the Nawab's 
 number 17 and the four-petal flower, exactly like the 
 earlier issues, but the Hij rah year 1229 (1814). More- 
 over, it is distinctly stated that the Company issued 
 coins at Benares from 1806. We must therefore con- 
 clude either that the ComjDany permitted the Nawab to 
 go on coining till 1810, or that they began their own 
 coinage at Benares by copying his. But that the Com- 
 pany did issue coins of a pronounced native type, without 
 the collar or milled edge, is shown by the series of 
 eleven coins described on p. 276 (PI. xxxi). These belong 
 to the older Benares type, prior to the four-petal-flower 
 type, but the fabric is unquestionably more modern, and 
 the fact that a fixed regnal year (26) is retained, whilst 
 the Hijrah years range from 1212 to 1233 (1797 to 
 1817), is a probable indication of European negligence. 
 These are, in my opinion, Company's coins. And if so, 
 this is a reason why the flower type should not be 
 theirs, for it is improbable that they issued both simul- 
 taneously. Thus we have — 
 
 Old Benares type 1183-1196. 
 
 Flower-type (with Nawab's year 17) . . . 1203-1225. 
 
 Company's ?/-a^/ve s^i/Ze and regnal year 26 . 1212-1233. 
 
 „ milled flower type and Nawab's year 1 7, 1229. 
 
 The next transitional mint, first native, then belonging
 
 cxii 8URAT. 
 
 to the Company, is Sitrat. The Company coined here 
 at the native mint and imitated native Surat coins at 
 Bombay in the first and second periods (see above, p. 
 xclvii. ff.), but illegally : they only possessed the right 
 to coin at Bombay for internal circulation. Whatever 
 coins they may have issued before 1800 with the name 
 Surat are indistinguishable, so far as I know, from the 
 Moghul coinage. Prinsep tells us that in 1800 the Bombay 
 mint recommenced the issue of Surat rupees,* and the 
 date is confirmed by the circumstance that the English, 
 who had owned the fort of Surat since 1611 (1020), and 
 had become supreme in the city since 1759, took the final 
 step of abolishing the nominal authority of the native 
 Nawab in ISOO.f The earliest specimeu of this new 
 issue of Surat rupees and mohrs by the Company is the 
 quarter-mohr, No. 81, p. 280. It shows but a portion of 
 the usual inscription, and no Hi jrah or regnal year ; but 
 it is marked with a crowned head, in token of English 
 fabrication, and it has the figures 1802 engraved (not 
 counterstruck) on a label on the reverse. The next 
 dated specimens have the regnal year 46 (which, as has 
 been seen, was a fixed date), a crown in place of the third 
 point over «\.w, and (on the silver coins) the Christian date 
 1825. The next issue resembles this last, except in the 
 absence of the crown : there is nothing to show that it 
 is a Company's coinage except the year 46 (1804) which 
 is posterior to any native rule in Surat. The style and 
 fabric of all these coins is native. In Nos. 87 ff., 
 however, the milled edge is employed, and coins of this 
 type continue down to the establishment of the European 
 currency of 1835. 
 
 The Company's " Murshiddhdd " coinage is known to 
 
 * Op. cit., 24. Eupee, here as before, is used as a generic term for 
 coin, and includes gold mohrs. 
 
 t Hunter, Imp. Gazetteer of India, s.v.
 
 MUBSHIBABAD. cxiii 
 
 have begun sooa after their assumption of administra- 
 tive authority in Bengal in 1765 (1178), but it does not 
 follow that it began at Marshidabad itself. The Nawab 
 of Bengal undoubtedly continued to issue Shah-' Alamos 
 money at Murshidabad, Patnah (also called 'Azimabad), 
 and Dhakka, for some time later .^ The Murshidabad coi ns 
 Nos. 1188-1198, ranging from a.h. 1180 to 119^ (1766- 
 1776 ff.), which I have ascribed to the native mint, are 
 of a totally distinct fabric from any of those on pp. 267 
 to 273, which belong to the Company^s coinage. The 
 regnal and Hijrah years, moreover, are consistent, which 
 cannot be said of many of the Company's issues. If it be 
 urged that the Company's badge, a cinquefoil, occurs on 
 Nos. 1195-6, the natural reply is that the cinquefoil, 
 like everything else in the Company's imitative issues, 
 must have existed on the native currency before it could 
 be copied. 
 
 On the other hand, the issues of the regnal year 10, 
 1182-3 (1768) with dotted rims, described on pp. 267-8, 
 although they present consistent regnal and Hijrah 
 years, are marked by their fabric as the work of the 
 Company's servants. The same fabric as that of the 
 year 10 is seen in the issue of the year 11 (p. 269), and 
 12, 13, 15, and 19; but in those of 19 the regnal year 
 for the first time remains stationary, while the Hijrah 
 years move on through 1196, 1197, 1198, 1201, 1202, to 
 1203, a tolerably sure sign of the Company's handiwork. 
 If these last belong to the Company's series, so do 
 those of the regnal year 10. They are doubtless the 
 coins referred to in the Company's regulation of 1793, 
 in issuing the " 19 san" coinage : "the rupees of the 
 11th, 12th, and 15th sun were indeed directed to be 
 received equally with the 19th sun sicca rupee, but this 
 
 * See above, p. Ixxxv. 
 
 P
 
 cxiv FABBUKHABAD. 
 
 was a tempoT'aiy measure/' A glance at Plates xxix and 
 XXX will show the difference between this fabric and that 
 of the native issues. 
 
 The deduction from what has been said above is that 
 the Nawab went on coining at Murshidabad for some 
 years, whilst the Company were simultaneously striking 
 coins, with the name of Murshidabad, at Calcutta. This 
 was the I'esult of the treaty made in 1 765 between the 
 Governor and Council of Fort William and the 
 Nawab of Bengal by which the latter agreed to 
 " cause the rupees coined at Calcutta to pass in every 
 respect equal to the Siccas of Moorshedabad, without 
 any deduction of Batta."* It is true that the native 
 mints were withdrawn ''soon after the commencement 
 of the Company's administration,"t but the phrase is 
 elastic, and the native mints may have continued to issue 
 Murshidabad rupees for a dozen years, whilst the Com- 
 pany was going through the experiments of the regnal 
 years 10 to 15, leading up to the well-known " 19 san 
 sikkah,'' the various stages of which are described on 
 pp. 272-3. 
 
 The trial piece of 1784, p. 271, is included in this 
 volume as the earliest milled coin of the Company. The 
 inscription on the edge {'' United East India Company "), 
 however, would not have commended it to natives. 
 
 The Farrukhabad issues call for little notice. The 
 native coinages run from a.h. 1179 to 1218, though the 
 regnal year 39 is misused on the last four coins. The 
 Company's issues of " 45 san " rupees, with three suc- 
 cessive varieties of milling or plain rim, are represented 
 on pp. 274-5 and PI xxxi. 
 
 * Thurston, op. cit, 3i. f Kegulation of 1793 : Ibid. 38.
 
 ( cxv ) 
 
 § 10. LOCAL COINAGE. 
 
 In spite of this somewhat intricate examination of the 
 various issues of the 18th and 19th centuries in India, 
 a considerable number of coins have necessarily been 
 omitted. These are what are known as "Indian Local 
 Coinages.'^ 
 
 They consist of the issues of the numerous petty states 
 which attained to various stages of semi-independence 
 or nominal dependence during the decay of the Moghul 
 empire, and especially during the reigu of Sliah-'Alam. 
 They generally bear this Emperor's name, often long 
 after his decease, but their dates are frequently fictitious, 
 the regnal year bears no agreement with that of the 
 Hijrah, and worst of all the mint itself is often wanting, 
 or is merely represented by a symbol, which not seldom 
 stands for more than one mint, and which too often it is 
 impossible to identify with any mint. Had these local 
 issues been carefully described and engraved when they 
 were current, there would be no diflBculty in the subject ; 
 and the plain reason that they defy classification is that 
 all those who were living at the time when they were in 
 circulation are long dead, and even Pz'insep, with all the 
 materials which were at his hand in 1833, was compelled 
 to acknowledge the hopeless confusion of this branch of 
 the coinage. What Prinsep could not effect with his 
 opportunities in 1833, no one can accomplish after sixty 
 years have diminished or abolished every source of informa- 
 tion. The complexity of the subject may best be illustrated 
 by a quotation from Prinsep's work.* He based his re- 
 marks on reports presented by government officers in 
 
 * Useful Tables,, 27 ff.
 
 cxvi LOCAL COLNAGE. 
 
 Ajmir, Malwah, and tlie Narbada provinces in reply to 
 questions circulated tliougli tlie Mint Committee in 1818 
 and 1823; but in spite of sucli valuable materials he 
 was forced to admit the incompleteness of his infor- 
 mation. 
 
 "We have before remarked," he says, "that none of the 
 coins now [1833] forming the circulation of Hindustan bear 
 any other name than that of Shah-'Alam,* and aUhough we 
 have no perfect information of the origin or date of the mints 
 of Piinah, Nagpur, or of the principal states of Eajputana, 
 still we may safely assume that, until the authority of Dehh' 
 was annihilated, the representative of the monarch in the 
 various suhalis, or provinces, alone exercised the privilege of 
 coining ; and that even when it was assumed by chieftains 
 already in actual independence, the form of a sa7iad or per- 
 mission Avas obtained from the Emperor by purchase or extor- 
 tion. The petty Raja of Dattiah, for instance, was indignant 
 [in 1824] at the supposition that he had opened his mint 
 without authority, and of all the chiefs within Lieut. Moody's 
 agency [at Bangal and Kantal], Raja Pratap Singh of Chatra- 
 pur was the only one who coidd not produce his authority. 
 The chiefs of Jhansi and Jalaon cited the sanction of the 
 Peshwa ; the Tahri Raja, the tacit permission of the English. 
 No notice, however, of mints was found in any of the sanads 
 or treaties to which that officer had access. 
 
 " When first established, the mints were no doubt in most 
 cases made the source of fraudulent profit to the government, 
 by the issue of a debased coin, which was supported at an 
 enhanced nominal value through the interdiction of the purer 
 standards of neighbouring districts. A Hindu prince, or the 
 minister Avho rules for him, is in general a money-dealer : thus 
 at Kota the executive authority has a shroff in each town, and 
 participates in all the benefits arising out of money operations 
 in the market 
 
 " The list of mints Avhich have sprung up in Central India is 
 so formidable that it is difficult to attempt any classification of 
 
 * This is not strictly accurate. Tlie Ark^t rupees, for example, bore 
 the name of 'Alamgir II.
 
 LOCAL COIXAGE. cxvii 
 
 tliem. Mr. Wilder, in 1819, enumerates the following rupees 
 current in Ajmir: — Old Ajmir, Srisalii, Krishnagarh, Kocha- 
 nam, Chitor, Jaipur, Hali, Jodhpiir, Udaipiir, Shahpurah, 
 Pratapgarh, Kota, Biindl, and Bhilwara. 
 
 " Mr. Maddock furnishes an equally long list from the Nar- 
 bada : — Panna, Chatrapiir, Sironj, Shansi, Chanda, Srinagar, 
 Nagpur, Garrah-Kota, Balasahi, Kathgarh, Tahri, Bhopal, 
 Sohilgpdr, Sudhaurah, Jalaon, TJjjain, Isagarh, 
 
 " The difficulty is also increased by the threefold appellations 
 given to coins : first, from the place of fabrication, as Indore, 
 Ujjain, Sagar proper, etc. ; second, from the person issuing them, 
 as Sindhiasiihi from Sindhia, Balasahi from Balaji Pandit, 
 Gaur Sahi from 'Ali Gaur, afterwards Shah-'Alam, Muti-Sahi, 
 a well-known Allahabad coin of Mr. Achmuty ; third, from 
 some distinguishing symbol impressed on the field, as Trisuli, 
 from the ' trident ' of Siva ; Shamshiri from the figure of a 
 ' sword ' on the Haidarabad coin ; INIachhlisahi and Shirsahi 
 from the ' fish,' and ' tiger ' of the old and new Lucknow 
 rupee, etc. There are also other titles common to different 
 localities, as Chalan, ' current,' Half, ' of the present time ; ' 
 and the distinction into Sans or different years of Shah-'Alam's 
 reign 
 
 " In Ajmir the Srisahi rupee, coined by Tantia, formed in 
 1815 the principal currency ; it has been partly supplanted by 
 the Farrukhabad rupee since the province came into our 
 possession. 
 
 " In Kotil there are three mints, at Kota, Tantia Patan, and 
 Gangroun, coining on an average thirty-six lakhs per annum ; 
 the currency is not debased. 
 
 " The Holkar currency of Indore, Harda, and Makeswar and 
 Ujjain rupee, are nearly at par with the Farrukhabad, but they 
 maintain an unequal contest with the Salimsahf rupee, coined 
 by the Kaja of Pratapgarh, of which there are three kinds 
 
 " The northern parts of the Narbada territories were sup- 
 plied with a base currency struck at Jabalpur by I^ana Ghatka 
 in 1800 ; this mint was suppressed on cession to the English. 
 The southern part (Dakhantir) had a rupee of still lower value 
 struck at Sohagpiir, where a mint was established in 1810 : it 
 was abolished in 1818 by Mr. Molony. These rupees passed at 
 par with Chanda and Nagpiir rupees, the chief issue of Berar.
 
 cxviii LOCAL COINAOE. 
 
 " The Sagar mint was set up in 1779 by the Peshwa's officer 
 at Garrali Mandlah, and coined about seventeen lakhs of Baia- 
 sahi rupees per annum. Its operation continued under Mr. 
 Maddock, who, to counteract the forgery going on at Garrah, 
 inserted the word ' Sagar ' in small English characters on the 
 die. The new Sagar mint, erected in 1824, is now rapidly 
 removing all the old coins from circulation. 
 
 " The standard of the Marathi Government at Nagpiir, to 
 which all the neighbouring mints were doubtless intended to 
 conform, presents itself [even since the appointment of a 
 British resident] one of the worst examples of irregularity and 
 depreciation 
 
 " In the Haidarabad country the government of the Nizam 
 or of his Hindu minister has not been behindhand with its 
 Marathi rivals in the adulteration of the local currency ; 
 and by way of introducing greater confusion and vexation, 
 there is a superior standard for the Palace and the Residency, 
 an inferior for the city, and a Imkm chalami, or forced token, 
 the precise nature of which is dubious. The worst species are 
 struck at Narayanpat. 
 
 ''In Bandalkhand the circulation consisted chiefly of Bala 
 Eao's rupee, struck at Srinagar, near Panna- This mint issued 
 at the time of its institution, in 1794, about eighteen lakhs 
 per annum, but after 1819 the coinage fell to four lakhs. The 
 same prince set iip a mint at Jalaon, his capital, in 1809 ; its 
 issue was at first six lakhs, and is now diminished to one-third 
 of that amount. 
 
 "The Hansi mint of Rao Rain Chand dates from 1780; it 
 issued three lakhs. Kuar Pratap Singh's at Chatrapiir dates 
 from 1816. The mints of Panna (1780), Samtar (of 18o8) 
 were on a most insignificant scale and have been put down. 
 The Dattiah mint dates from 1784." 
 
 The Korah, Allahabad, Agrah, Saharanpur, Baraili, 
 Kalpi, Etawa, Mathura, Panipat, and other rupees, 
 belonging "more immediately to the Dehli group," were 
 coined only on particular occasions or for short periods, 
 and the mints " have long disappeared from our list.^' 
 
 It is obvious that the local issues described in the
 
 LOCAL COIXAGE. cxix 
 
 preceding extracts cannot properly be classed with the 
 imperial currency of the Moghuls, but form a series 
 apart. On this ground^ and on account of the impos- 
 sibility of identifying most of the mints with any 
 approach to precision, they have been excluded from the 
 present Catalogue. Their proper place would be in a 
 catalogue of the minor coinages which sprang up on the 
 decay of the central power, in which the coins of the 
 Sikhs, the Mariithas, and other modern Indian money, 
 would also find a place. It must be confessed, however, 
 that the line between the local and imperial coinage is 
 hard to draw during Shah-'Alam's reign, and some of 
 the coins described under this Emperor might perhaps 
 be classed with equal reason among the local issues. 
 
 In conclusion I have to thank Dr. Rieu and the Keeper 
 of Coins for reading and interpreting the Persian 
 distichs ; and Mr. E. J. Rapson for deciphering the 
 Nagari and Bengali inscriptions on the copper coins 
 of the East India Company. My indebtedness to 
 various books and articles is duly recorded in numerous 
 references in the preceding pages. 
 
 STANLEY LANE-POOLE. 
 
 Athkn^um Club, 
 
 May 30, 1892.
 
 ( cxx ) 
 
 TABLE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 METHOD OF TEANSLITERATION" ADOPTED IN 
 THIS CATALOGUE. 
 
 1 
 
 a, 
 
 w> 
 
 b 
 
 «»> 
 
 V 
 
 o 
 
 t 
 
 ^ 
 
 th 
 
 C 
 
 J 
 
 ch 
 
 h 
 
 hh 
 d 
 
 ^ 
 
 z 
 
 J 
 
 r 
 
 J 
 
 z 
 
 »^ 
 
 3 
 
 u^ 
 
 sh 
 
 u« 
 
 s 
 
 c^ 
 
 z 
 
 y 
 
 t 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 gh 
 
 
 \J 
 
 f 
 
 
 c3 
 
 k 
 
 
 J 
 
 kg* 
 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 
 je> 
 
 VI 
 
 
 O 
 
 n 
 
 
 d 
 
 h 
 
 
 3 
 
 w 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 V 
 
 '_ 
 
 a 
 
 r a, 
 
 ~ 
 
 i 
 
 lS~ *' 
 
 1 
 
 u 
 
 3^ u 
 
 <s- 
 
 aiy e 
 
 ^1 au, 6 
 
 * The distinction between the letters e) and cTis not shown on the 
 coins, and therefore is not marked in the Catalogue.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGF. 
 
 Editor's Preface ....... v 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 § 1. Historical Outline vii 
 
 Babar's descent irova Timur and Chingis Kaan . vii 
 Genealogical Tree of the Moghul Emperors ./ace viii 
 Babar's career in Farghanah and Kabul (1482 — 
 
 1525) viii 
 
 Babar's Memoirs ....... viii 
 
 Invasion of India (1525) ..... viii 
 
 Disunited State of Hindustan ix 
 
 Battle of Panipat (1526) ...... ix 
 
 Babar, Emperor of Hindustan, dies (1530) . . ix 
 
 Character of Babar and his followers ... ix 
 
 Humayun succeeds (1530) ..... xi 
 
 Expelled from India by Sher Shah (1542) . . xi 
 
 Returns to power (1555) and dies (le>56) . . xi 
 
 Akbar's accession (1556) ..... xi 
 
 Bairam Khan defeats Himu at Panipat (1556) . xii 
 Conquest of Gwalior, Malwah, Gujarat, Bengal, 
 
 &c. (1558-62) xii 
 
 Siege of Asirgarh, Ahmadnagar, and Daulatabad 
 
 (1600) xiii 
 
 Deathof Akbar (1605) xiv 
 
 Akbar's policy and administration . . . xiv 
 
 Feudal system : mansabdars . . ... xvi
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Jaliangir succeeds to the throne (1605) 
 
 His character ...... 
 
 His Memoirs ...... 
 
 The Empress Nur-Mahall or ISTur-Jahan 
 Jahangir's daily routine described by Eoe 
 Encouragement of Jesuits .... 
 
 European visitors ..... 
 
 Corrupt administration ..... 
 
 Death of Jahangir (1627) .... 
 
 Struggle for the succession ; Shahriyar and Dawar 
 
 Bakhsh 
 
 Accession of Shah-Jahan .... 
 
 Manrique's description of the court at Lahore 
 Manouchi the Venetian .... 
 
 Illness of Shah-Jahan ..... 
 
 Rivalry among the princes .... 
 
 Dara regent ....... 
 
 Rebellion of Murad Bakhsh'and Shuja' 
 Civil war : battle of Dharmatpur . 
 Captivity of Shah-Jahdn .... 
 
 Murder of Dara and Murad Bakhsh 
 
 Aurangzib comes to the throne (1659) 
 
 His character ...... 
 
 Muhammadan bigotry, .... 
 
 Failure of his policy ..... 
 
 His sons ....... 
 
 Rebellion of Akbar, A'zam, and Kara Bakhsh 
 
 Death of Aurangzib (1707) 
 
 The Empire under Aurangzib 
 
 The extension of the provinces . 
 
 Another struggle for the succession 
 
 A'zam claims the throne .... 
 
 Bahadur succeeds .... 
 
 Disaffection of the Hindus .... 
 
 Rise of the Jats, Sikhs, and Marathas . 
 
 Rebellion of Kam Bakhsh in the Deccan (1708) 
 
 PAGE 
 
 xvii 
 
 xvii 
 
 xviii 
 
 xix 
 
 XX 
 
 xxi 
 
 xxi 
 
 xxii 
 
 xxii 
 
 xxii 
 
 xxiii 
 xxiv 
 
 XXV 
 XXV 
 XXV 
 XXV 
 
 xxvi 
 
 xxvi 
 
 xxvi 
 
 xxvi 
 
 xxvi 
 
 xxvii 
 
 xxviii 
 
 xxix 
 
 xxix 
 
 xxix 
 
 xxix 
 
 xxxi 
 
 xxxi 
 
 xxxii 
 
 xxxii 
 
 xxxiii 
 
 xxxiii 
 
 xxxiii 
 
 xxxiii
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 CXXUl 
 
 Eafi'-ad- 
 
 Death of Bahadur (1712) . 
 'Azim-ash-Shan . • • • 
 
 Civil war 
 
 Jahandar placed on the throne (1712) 
 His profligacy . • • • • 
 The Sayyid brothers 
 Farrukh-siyar set up (1713) 
 English embassy . . • • 
 Sayyid Husain brings up the Marathas 
 Execution of Farrukh-siyar (1719). 
 Brief reigns of Eafi'-ad-darajat and 
 
 daulah . . • • • 
 Niku-siyar aspires to the throne 
 Confusion of the Empire 
 Muhammad Shah succeeds (1719) . 
 Overthrow of the Sayyids . 
 Brief usurpation of Ibrahim (1720) . 
 Chin KuUch Khan, Nizam-al-Mulk 
 Invasion of Nadir Shah of Persia (1738) 
 Massacre at DehU . . • • 
 Invasion of the Afghans (1748) . 
 Death of Muhammad Shah (1748) . 
 Ahmad Shah crowned . 
 Anarchy in Hindustan 
 The Vazir Ghazi-ad-din. 
 Ahmad Shah deposed and blinded . 
 Accessionof'Alamgir II. (1754) . 
 Najib-ad-daulah and Shuja'-ad-daulah. 
 Fresh invasions of the Afghans 
 Murder of 'Alamgir 11. by the Vazir Ghazi-ad. 
 Shah-Jahan in. set up (17o9) 
 But Shah-'Alam succeeds .... 
 The Afghans defeat the Marathas at Pauipat 
 Shah-'Alam invades Bengal 
 Defeated by the English at Buxar . 
 Treaty of Allahabad 
 
 din 
 
 PAGE 
 
 XXX iv 
 xxxiv 
 xxxiv 
 xxxiv 
 xxxiv 
 xxxiv 
 
 XXXV 
 XXXV 
 XXXV 
 XXXV 
 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvi 
 xxxvii 
 xxxvii 
 xxxviii 
 xxxviii 
 xxxviii 
 xxxviii 
 xxxix 
 xxxix 
 xxxix 
 xl 
 xl 
 xl 
 xl 
 xli 
 xli 
 xli 
 xli 
 xli 
 xlii
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 East India Company annexes Bengal and Bihar, xlii 
 
 The Moghul a pensioner of England . . . xlii 
 
 SMh-'Alam at Dehli xlii 
 
 Mfrza Najaf s administration. . . . . xlii 
 
 Shah-'Alam blinded by Ghulam Kadir . . xlii 
 
 Bidar-Bakht set on the throne (1788) . , . xlii 
 
 The Marathas occv;py Dehli .... xlii 
 
 Lord Lake's victory (1803) . . . . . xlii 
 
 Death of Shah-'Alam (18()G) .... xliii 
 
 Titular reigns of Muhammad Akbar ii. and 
 
 Bahadur ii. ...... . xliii 
 
 Death of Bahadur ii. in exile (1862) . . . xliii 
 
 §2. The Cabinet of Moghul Coins . . , xliv 
 The Marsden, Prinsep, Thomas, and Eden col- 
 lections ........ xliv 
 
 Accessions of the past ten years .... xliv 
 
 Sir Alexander Cunningham's and other cabinets . xliv 
 
 Private collections ...... xliv 
 
 Composition of the cabinet . . ... slv 
 
 § 3. Mint Cities xlvii 
 
 List of Mints of each Emperor .... xlvii-1 
 
 Mints commemorative of conquests ... Ii 
 
 Urdu-Zafar-Ivarin and the Era of a Thousand . lii 
 
 Abu-l-Fazl's list of Akbar's mints . . . liii 
 
 Individual identifications . .... liii 
 
 Eponymous mints ...... liv 
 
 Shah-Jahan's mints ...... Iv 
 
 Junagarh ........ Iv 
 
 The two Siirats ....... Ivi 
 
 Allahabad and Akbarabad confused ... Ivi 
 
 Mints of Shuja' and Murad Bakhsh . . . Ivii 
 
 Khanbait (Cambay) ..... Ivii 
 
 Aurangzib's mints in the Deccan . . . Ivii 
 
 New mints added by later Emperors . . . Iviii 
 
 Small gold coins of Southern India . , . Iviii 

 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 cxxv 
 
 Honorific prefixes of mints . .... 
 
 Mint officers ....... 
 
 Native process of coining . .... 
 
 §4. Eras, regnal years, and Persian Months. 
 The Ilahi or divine era of Akbar 
 The twelve Persian months . . ... 
 
 Table of Akbar's Ilahi years with corresponding 
 A.H. and A.D. ...... 
 
 Abolition of Ilahi reckoning by Jahangir 
 
 The julus or regnal years still solar 
 
 Return to Muhammadan system under Aurangzib 
 
 § 5. Inscriptions, titles, weights, &c. 
 
 Babar and Humayiin use Arabic and Transoxine 
 titles ....... 
 
 Persian supersedes Arabic under Akbar . 
 Akbar adopts Indian style of coin 
 Splendid coinage of Akbar and next tw 
 Emperors ...... 
 
 Styles of engraving ..... 
 
 Akbar's square coins ..... 
 
 Mihrabi coins ...... 
 
 Ilahi coinage of Akbar .... 
 
 Jahangir's Persian distichs .... 
 
 Titles of the Moghul Emperors on their coins 
 Anagram on coins of Jahangir 
 Shah-Jahan's inscriptions .... 
 
 Aurangzib's usual formula .. . . 
 
 Adopted by later Emperors 
 
 Names of coins 
 
 Abu-l-Fazl's list of Akbar's coins 
 
 Criticism thereof 
 
 Jahangir's large coins .... 
 Weight of Moghul coins .... 
 Small gold, coins 
 
 PAGE 
 
 lix 
 
 lix 
 
 Ix 
 
 Ixi 
 Ixi 
 Ixi 
 
 Ixii 
 Ixiii 
 
 Ixiii 
 Ixiii 
 
 Ixv 
 
 Ixv 
 
 Ixv 
 
 Ixvi 
 
 Ixvi 
 
 Ixvi 
 
 Ixvii 
 
 Ixvii 
 
 Ixvii 
 
 Ixviii 
 
 Ixix 
 
 Ixx 
 
 Ixx 
 
 Ixxi 
 
 Ixxi 
 
 Ixxi 
 
 Ixxii 
 
 Ixxv 
 
 Ixxvi 
 
 Ixxvi 
 
 Ixxvii
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 § 6. Images and Zodiacal Coins 
 Moghul encouragement of the arts 
 Images on Akbar's coins . . . . 
 
 Jahangir's portraits and " bacchanalian coins " 
 
 The lion on Jahangir's coinage 
 
 Zodiacal coins ...... 
 
 Forgeries of zodiacal coins .... 
 
 § 7. NiSARS OR Presentation Monet 
 
 List of Nisars ...... 
 
 Late presentation coins of Shjihjahanabad . 
 Gigantic coins of Shah-Jahan and Aurangzib 
 Jahangir's treasure ..... 
 
 PAGE 
 
 . Ixxix 
 Ixxix 
 
 . Ixxix 
 
 Ixxix 
 
 Ixxix 
 
 Ixxx 
 
 Ixxxiii 
 
 Ixxxv 
 
 Ixxxv 
 
 Ixxxvi 
 
 Ixxxvii 
 
 Ixxxviii 
 
 § 8. Copper Coinage 
 
 Scarcity of copper coins 
 
 Use of cowries and almonds 
 
 Akbar's copper coinage 
 
 Denominations 
 
 List of copper coins . 
 
 The dam 
 
 The tankah and tankl 
 
 xc 
 
 xc 
 
 xc 
 
 xci 
 
 xci 
 
 xci 
 
 xcii 
 
 xciii 
 
 §9. Coinage of the East India Company 
 
 Distinction between the Company's imitative cur- 
 rency and their colonial currency . 
 Difficulty of distinguishing the Company's from 
 the native issues . . . . . . 
 
 History of the coinage ..... 
 
 Early Colonial coins . . . . . . 
 
 Acquisition of Bombay by the Company (1669) 
 Letters Patent conferring right to coin (1677) . 
 Remonstrances of the Moghul authorities . . 
 Uncertainty of mintage at this period 
 Farrukh-siyar's concession to Bombay . . . 
 
 Arkat rupees .... ... 
 
 xcv 
 
 xcv 
 
 xcvi 
 
 xcvi 
 
 xcvii 
 
 xcvii 
 
 xcviii 
 
 xcix 
 
 xcix 
 
 c
 
 CONTENTS. cxxvii 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Beginning of the Company's coinage in Bengal . c 
 
 The reform of 1793 : Murshidabad currency . ci 
 
 Upper country coinage, Benares and Farrukhabad ci 
 
 " Lucknow " and Sagar rupees . . . . cii 
 
 Table of millings at different periods . . . ciii 
 
 Establishment of Colonial currency, 1835 . . ciii 
 
 Siirat 46 san rupees . . . . . , civ 
 
 Examination of the existing coins . . . civ 
 
 Three periods in the history . . . . . civ 
 
 The second Period in Bombay .... cv 
 
 „ Madras ("Arkat") . . cvi 
 
 J, Pondicherry {'' Arkat ") . cvii 
 
 „ Calcutta .... cvii 
 
 The third period ....... cviii 
 
 Distinction between Moghul and British issues . cviii 
 
 Shah-'Alam's coinage ..... cviii 
 
 His coins during British influence at Dehli . cix 
 Mints which passed from the Moghul to the 
 
 Company ........ ex 
 
 Benares ........ ex 
 
 Siirat ......... cxii 
 
 Murshidabad ....... cxiii 
 
 Farrukhabad ........ cxiv 
 
 § 10. Local Coinage cxv 
 
 Difficulties of the subject cxv 
 
 Prinsep's summary cxvi 
 
 Local coinages form a separate series . . , cxix 
 
 Table of Transliteration cxx 
 
 Corrigenda ......... cxxi 
 
 Table of Moghul Emperors ..... 3
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 The Coinage. paqk 
 
 1. Babar .... .... 5 
 
 Silver ... .... 5 
 
 2. Humaytin 8 
 
 Gold 8 
 
 Silver- ....... 9 
 
 3. Akbar 11 
 
 I. With Hijeah Years 11 
 
 Gold 11 
 
 Medal 11 
 
 Silver 21 
 
 ,, square issue ...... 28 
 
 II. With Ilah! (Solar) Years . . . . 32 
 
 Gold 32 
 
 Silver ........ 35 
 
 III. GujarAt Fabric 47 
 
 IV. Copper 49 
 
 A. With Hijrah years 49 
 
 B. With Ilahi years 63 
 
 4. Jahangir 56 
 
 I. As Governor with name Salim, Silver . . . 56 
 
 II. As Emperor 57 
 
 Gold 57 
 
 I. Without portrait ..... 57 
 
 II. With portrait of Jahangir . . . 63 
 
 III. With Zodiacal Signs ... 65 
 Silver 72 
 
 I. With Zodiacal Signs . . . . 72 
 
 Imitations of Zodiacal Issues . . 75 
 
 Gold 75 
 
 Silver 76 
 
 Imitation half-rupees ... 77 
 
 II. Without Zodiacal Signs . . . . 79 
 
 Copper 99
 
 CONTENTS. cxxix 
 
 PAGE 
 
 III. With name of Nur-Jahan 99 
 
 Gold 99 
 
 Silver 100 
 
 Dawar Bakhsh (Usurper) 103 
 
 5. Shah-Jahan . 104 
 
 Gold 104 
 
 Silver . . ■ . • ■ .114 
 
 Anonymous Largesse (Nisdr), Gold . . . • 134 
 
 Shuja (in Bengal) 135 
 
 Silver • 135 
 
 Murad Bakhsh (in Gujarat) .... 136 
 
 Gold 136 
 
 Silver ....•••• 137 
 
 6. Aurangzib 'Alamgir 138 
 
 Gold 138 
 
 Silver 143 
 
 A'zam Shah 162 
 
 Gold 162 
 
 Silver 163 
 
 Kam Bakhsh 164 
 
 Gold 164 
 
 Silver 165 
 
 7. Shah-'Alam Bahadur 166 
 
 Gold 166 
 
 Silver ....•••• 171 
 
 8. Jahandar 175 
 
 Gold 175 
 
 Silver ........ 178 
 
 9. Farrukh-siyar 179 
 
 Gold 179 
 
 Small issue ...... 183 
 
 Silver 184 
 
 r
 
 cxxx 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 10. 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajd,t 
 
 Gold 
 Silver 
 
 11. Rafi'-ad-daulah Shah-Jahan II. 
 
 Gold .... 
 
 Silver . . . . 
 
 Niku-siyar .... 
 
 Gold . . . . 
 
 Ibrahim .... 
 
 Gold 
 
 Silver .... 
 
 12. Muhammad . . . . 
 
 Gold .... 
 
 Small issue . 
 Silver .... 
 
 13. Ahmad 
 
 Gold 
 
 Silver .... 
 
 14. 'Alamgir II. 
 
 Gold . 
 
 Small issue 
 Silver . 
 Shah-Jahan [in.] 
 Gold . 
 Silver 
 
 15. Shah-'Alam 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 Plain type (gold and silver) 
 Large type (gold and silver) 
 Wreath type (gold and silver) 
 Dotted border type (silver) 
 Etawa (silver) . 
 Ahmadabad (silver) 
 Arkat (silver) . 
 
 PAGB 
 
 191 
 191 
 192 
 
 194 
 194 
 195 
 197 
 197 
 198 
 198 
 198 
 
 199 
 199 
 203 
 204 
 
 216 
 216 
 
 218 
 
 221 
 221 
 224 
 
 225 
 228 
 228 
 229 
 
 . 231 
 
 . 231 
 231—4 
 
 . 235 
 
 . 236 
 
 . 236 
 
 . 237 
 
 . 238 
 
 . 239
 
 CONTENTS. c^'xxi 
 
 PAGB 
 
 Shah 'Alam. — continued. 
 
 Akbarabad (silver) 240 
 
 Benares {silver) 
 
 „ Flower type {gold and silver). . ■ 243 
 
 Bahadurpatan {gold) 
 
 Dilshadabad {silver) . • • ■ -246 
 
 Jahangirnagar {silver) 
 
 Srinagar {silver) 
 
 Surat {silver) ^^^ 
 
 'Azimabad {gold and silver) . . ■ • 250 
 Farrukhabad, Ahmadnagar {gold and silver) . 251 
 
 Lucknow {silver) '^yy 
 
 Mursbidabad {gold and silver) . 
 Najibabad (silver) . • • ■ • 
 No mint 
 
 Bidar-Bakht . 
 Gold . 
 Silver 
 
 16. Muhammad Akbar II. 
 Shahjahanabad {silver) 
 
 254 
 257 
 258 
 
 259 
 259 
 259 
 
 260 
 260 
 
 261 
 261 
 
 17. Bahadur II 
 
 Shahjahanabad (silver) 
 
 Early Copper Anonymous Issues . . . 262 
 
 Imitations issued by the East India Company. . 265 
 
 Murshidabad (gold and silver) 267 
 
 Farriikhabad (silver) • 274 
 
 Benares (gold and silver-) 276 
 
 977 
 Calcnttsi (silver) 
 
 Bombay {gold and silver) 278 
 
 Mumbai-Surat (silver) 280 
 
 Surat (gold and silver) 281 
 
 Arkat {gold and silver) 284 
 
 French issues at Pondicherry (silver) . - 288 
 
 Masulipatan (silver) 
 
 290
 
 XX xii CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Copper Issues of the East India Company . 291 
 
 Calcutta 291 
 
 Bengal Province ....... 291 
 
 Benares 295 
 
 Arkat 296 
 
 Indexes : — 
 
 I. Years 299 
 
 II. Mints 323 
 
 IIa. Epithets of Mints 351 
 
 III. Names . . 352 
 
 IV. Denominations, &c. ..... 361 
 
 V. Figures 362 
 
 VI. Persian Disticlis 363 
 
 VII, Miscellaneous 370 
 
 VIII. General 375 
 
 Comparative table of years and months of the Hijrah 
 
 and the Christian Era ...... 387 
 
 Table fur converting English inches into millimetres 
 
 and into the measures of Mionnet's scale . . 399 
 Table of the relative weights of English grains and 
 
 French grammes ....... 400
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE l.-BABAR, HUMAYUN. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 A.M. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 Babar 
 
 
 933 
 
 935 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 )) 
 
 >) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 936 
 
 8 
 
 N 
 
 Humayua 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 
 
 — 
 
 11 
 
 M 
 
 J5 
 
 
 962 
 
 
 12 
 
 )> 
 
 ,, 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 5J 
 
 J> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 — 
 
 18 
 
 >5 
 
 )) 
 
 
 942 
 
 
 19 
 
 ) J 
 
 3> 
 
 
 
 
 
 PLATE ll.-AKBAR: GOLD. 
 
 N 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Agrah (Five Mohrs) 
 
 971 
 
 Agrah 1 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 
 Sarangpiir 
 
 972 
 
 
 975 
 
 Dehli 
 
 3> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 976 
 
 Lahore 
 
 977 
 
 Jauupur 
 
 978 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 980 
 
 Agrah 
 
 981
 
 84 R 
 
 86 
 
 88 
 
 90 R 
 
 96 R 
 
 97 R 
 
 105 
 
 108 R 
 
 119 R 
 
 122 
 
 124 R 
 
 127 R 
 
 128 
 
 131 R 
 
 132 R 
 
 151 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE MI.-AKBAR: GOLD. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 52 
 
 N 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Agrah 
 
 982 
 
 58 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Jaunpvir 
 
 983 
 
 59 
 
 j> 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 5> 
 
 61 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 Sirhind 
 C " Muhammadabad ") 
 I called Udaipiir " j 
 
 984 
 » 
 
 65 
 
 )) 
 
 
 
 985 
 
 66 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 986 
 
 70 
 
 j» 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 988 
 
 71 
 
 ,, 
 
 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 73 
 
 j» 
 
 
 Urdd-Zafar-Karin 
 
 1000 
 
 79 
 
 jj 
 
 
 » 
 
 M 
 
 81 
 
 >i 
 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 82 
 
 j» 
 
 
 » 
 
 )> 
 
 83 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Patnah 
 
 — 
 
 PLATE IV.- AKBAR: SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Agrah 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Jaunpiir 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Jaunpiir 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Urdii 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Urdii-Zafar-Karin 
 
 963 
 967 
 96a; 
 970 
 974 
 975 
 982 
 983 
 986 
 
 987 
 
 1000
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 PLATE v.— AKBAR: GOLD WITH ILAHT YEARS. 
 
 cxxxv 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 1C3 
 
 N 
 
 164 
 
 )> 
 
 165 
 
 )) 
 
 166 
 
 5) 
 
 167 
 
 J? 
 
 168 
 
 ») 
 
 169 
 
 )) 
 
 170 
 
 )> 
 
 171 
 
 )) 
 
 172 
 
 )5 
 
 173 
 
 >5 
 
 175 
 
 >5 
 
 176 
 
 )) 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrali 
 
 Asir 
 Agrah 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Ilahi year and month = A.H, 
 
 (not on cnina.) 
 
 32 
 
 42 Bahman 
 
 44 Ardiblhist 
 
 45 Isfandarmiz 
 
 49 Farwardin 
 „ Amardad 
 „ Azur 
 
 50 Amardad 
 
 >' » 
 
 „ FarwardiQ 
 
 „ Khiirdad 
 51 
 
 995 
 1005 
 1007 
 1008 
 1012 
 
 1013 
 
 PLATE VL-AKBAR: silver with ilahT 
 
 177 
 
 178 
 184 
 191 
 194 
 197 
 199 
 202 
 204 
 209 
 215 
 218 
 221 
 233 
 238 
 241 
 243 
 250 
 
 M 
 
 Akbs 
 
 Sitapur 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Ahmad abad 
 Lahore 
 Burhanpur 
 Tattah 
 
 Lahore 
 Patnah 
 
 Kabul 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 Burhanpiir 
 Lahore 
 Agrah 
 
 28 
 
 30 Dai 
 
 34 
 
 37 
 
 38 Tir 
 
 48 Dai 
 
 40 Khurdad 
 
 41 Isfandarmiz 
 
 42 Shahriwar 
 
 43 Khurdad 
 
 „ Shahriwar 
 
 44 Aban 
 
 46 Azur 
 
 47 Khurdad 
 
 48 Mihr 
 „ Aban 
 
 50 Amardad 
 
 1014 
 
 YEARS. 
 
 991 
 
 993 
 
 997 
 
 1000 
 
 1001 
 
 >> 
 1003 
 
 1004 
 1005 
 1006 
 
 )) 
 1007 
 1009 
 1010 
 1011 
 
 >> 
 1013
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLAT E VII.-AKBAR: 
 
 SILVER AND COPPER. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 252a 
 252& 
 
 
 Akbur 
 
 
 992 
 997 
 
 
 252c 
 
 5) 
 
 )! 
 
 
 1215 (sic) 
 
 
 254 
 
 )> 
 
 )> 
 
 Allahabad 
 
 — 
 
 255 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Narnol 
 
 963 
 
 257 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 
 966 
 
 258 
 
 )j 
 
 5» 
 
 Lahore 
 
 97.r 
 
 2G1 
 
 )5 
 
 >J 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 982 
 
 263 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 Dogam 
 
 983 
 
 264 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 Malpur 
 
 985 
 
 266 
 
 n 
 
 5> 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 987 
 
 270 
 
 3> 
 
 )' 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 98a; 
 
 272 
 
 )> 
 
 J5 
 
 Gwsilior 
 
 9xx 
 
 273 
 
 )> 
 
 >? 
 
 Urdu-Zafar-Karla 
 
 1000 
 
 COPPER WITH ILAHI YEARS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ilahi year _ 
 and month 
 
 A.H. 
 
 (not on coins.) 
 
 273a 
 
 M 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Allahabad 
 
 31 Mihr 
 
 994 
 
 274 
 
 
 
 Kabul 
 
 32 
 
 995 
 
 275 
 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 36 Dai 
 
 999 
 
 282 
 
 
 
 Dehll 
 
 42-4 Dai 
 
 1005-7 
 
 283 
 
 
 
 Agrah 
 
 46 Aban 
 
 1009 
 
 287 
 
 
 
 >} 
 
 4x 
 
 lO.o;
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE VIII.-JAHANGIR: 
 
 SILVER, WITH NAME SALIM ; GOLD, WITHOUT PORTRAIT. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal year and 
 month. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 288 
 
 M 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 2 FarwardiQ 
 
 a; 
 
 290 
 
 N 
 
 j> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 — 
 
 1015 
 
 291 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1 
 
 j> 
 
 292 
 
 J5 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 294 
 
 >J 
 
 » 
 
 >j 
 
 3 
 
 1016 
 
 295 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 4 
 
 1017 
 
 297 
 
 5) 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 6 Mihr 
 
 1020 
 
 300 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 7 Ardibihist 
 
 1022 
 
 302 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Aj mir 
 
 — 
 
 1025 
 
 306 
 
 )J 
 
 j> 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 14 
 
 1028 
 
 308 
 
 >J 
 
 >j 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 19 Isfandarmiz 
 
 1033-[4] 
 
 310 
 
 )> 
 
 j> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 22 
 
 1036 
 
 311 
 
 J> 
 
 j> 
 
 Burhaapur 
 
 — Abaa 
 
 — 
 
 305 
 312 
 313 
 314 
 315 
 317 
 318 
 319 
 
 N 
 
 PLATE IX.-JAHANGIR: 
 
 GOLD, WITH PORTRAIT (except 305). 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Ajrnir 
 
 14 
 6 
 
 1028 
 1020 
 
 1021 
 1023
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE X.-JAHANGIR 
 ZODIACAL MOHRS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Zodiacal sign. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 322 
 
 N 
 
 Jahangfr 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Aries 
 
 14 
 
 1028 
 
 323 
 
 >» 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 324") 
 325) 
 328 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 Taurus 
 
 14 
 
 1028 
 
 }} 
 
 » 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 331 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >» 
 
 Gemini 
 
 j> 
 
 1031 
 
 332 
 
 if 
 
 >> 
 
 )) 
 
 j> 
 
 18 
 
 1032 
 
 333a 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 j> 
 
 Cancer 
 
 15 
 
 1029 
 
 333c 
 
 »> 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 334 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 Leo 
 
 14 
 
 1028 
 
 337 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 17 
 
 1031 
 
 339 
 
 >> 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 Virgo 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 340 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 jj 
 
 1031 
 
 341 
 
 >> 
 
 i> 
 
 »j 
 
 j> 
 
 19 
 
 1033 
 
 343 
 
 >J 
 
 >> 
 
 i> 
 
 Libra 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 346 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 — 
 
 1030 
 
 346a 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 5) 
 
 16 
 
 >> 
 
 348 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 ji 
 
 Sagittarius 
 
 >> 
 
 1031 
 
 350 
 
 J> 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 Capricorn us 
 
 14 
 
 1028 
 
 353 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 5) 
 
 16 
 
 1031 
 
 355 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Aquarius 
 
 j> 
 
 >■> 
 
 356 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 }} 
 
 18 
 
 1032 
 
 357 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Ji 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 358 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Pjsces 
 
 13 
 
 1028
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XI.-JAHANGIR: 
 
 ZODIACAL RUPEES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Zodiacal sign. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 362 
 
 M 
 
 Jahangfr 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Aries 
 
 13 
 
 1027 
 
 364 
 
 5> 
 
 j> 
 
 )> 
 
 Taurus 
 
 )} 
 
 ■ >> 
 
 369 
 
 >) 
 
 )> 
 
 ») 
 
 Gemini 
 
 )> 
 
 )» 
 
 370 
 
 )> 
 
 jj 
 
 j> 
 
 Cancer 
 
 )» 
 
 5> 
 
 374 
 
 J> 
 
 J5 
 
 >> 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 A^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 IMITATIONS OF ZODIACAL MOHRS. 
 
 Jahangfr Agrah Cancer 
 
 Leo 
 Virgo 
 
 >> 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Sagittarius 
 
 Capricornus 
 
 Aquarius 
 
 Pisces 
 
 IMITATION OF ZODIACAL RUPEE, 
 
 JR I Jahangfr [ Ahmadabad ( Leo 
 
 LATE IMITATION HALF-RUPEES. 
 
 Jahangfr 
 
 Ajjrah 
 
 14 
 17 
 12 
 17 
 16 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 Aries 
 
 14 
 
 Taurus 
 
 >> 
 
 Gemini 
 
 15 
 
 Cancer 
 
 17 
 
 Leo 
 
 16 
 
 Virgo 
 
 17 
 
 Libra 
 
 18 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 12 
 
 Sagittarius 
 
 17 
 
 Capricornus 
 
 18 
 
 Aquarius 
 
 13 
 
 Pisces 
 
 >>
 
 cxl 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XII.-JAHANGIR: SILVER. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal year and 
 month. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 402 
 
 M 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1 
 
 1014 
 
 403 
 
 it 
 
 >> 
 
 5> 
 
 >> 
 
 J) 
 
 404 
 
 )} 
 
 >> 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 — 
 
 jf 
 
 405 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Kabul 
 
 1 
 
 }f 
 
 411 
 
 >> 
 
 5» 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 2 
 
 1015 
 
 413 
 
 jj 
 
 J> 
 
 Patnah 
 
 2 Isfandarmiz 
 
 j> 
 
 414 
 
 5> 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1 
 
 )> 
 
 415 
 
 5> 
 
 >» 
 
 5> 
 
 2 
 
 5> 
 
 424 
 
 » 
 
 5> 
 
 >J 
 
 5 
 
 1017 
 
 425 
 
 »> 
 
 >> 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 5> 
 
 1018 
 
 432 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 „ Isfandarmiz 
 
 101') 
 
 433 
 
 JJ 
 
 >> 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 — 
 
 j> 
 
 438 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 5 Bahmau 
 
 j> 
 
 439 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 6 Aban 
 
 1020 
 
 PLATE XIII, 
 
 JR Jahangir 
 
 -JAHANGI 
 
 Kandahar 
 Agrah 
 
 >» 
 
 Dehli 
 Kandahar 
 
 Lahore 
 Kandahar 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Ajmir 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Tattah 
 Kandahar 
 
 Kabul 
 
 R 
 
 : SILVER. 
 
 G 
 
 ,, Isfandarmiz 
 
 7 Ardibihist 
 „ Mihr 
 
 }} ~~ 
 
 „ Farwardin 
 
 8 Ardibihist 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 — Aban 
 
 11 
 
 12 Shahriwar 
 
 „ Khiirdad 
 13 
 
 „ ? Shahriwar 
 
 1020 
 1021 
 
 1023 
 
 1025 
 j> 
 
 1026 
 
 >> 
 1027
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATE S. 
 
 PLATE XIV.-JAHANGfR: SILVER. 
 
 cxli 
 
 Xo. Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal year and i 
 month. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 475 
 
 M 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 13 
 
 1027 
 
 488 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 15 
 
 1029 
 
 491 
 
 
 >j 
 
 35 
 
 16 
 
 1030 
 
 498 
 
 
 )j 
 
 Surat 
 
 18 
 
 1033 
 
 501 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 19 Shahriwar 
 
 — 
 
 510R 
 
 
 >j 
 
 j> 
 
 20 ? Mihr 
 
 — 
 
 512 
 
 M 
 
 COPPER. 
 
 I Agrah I 7 
 
 WITH NAME OF NUR-JAHAN. 
 
 513 
 
 N 
 
 515 R 
 
 JR 
 
 516 
 
 „ 1 
 
 518 
 
 
 519 
 
 1 
 " i 
 
 523 
 
 
 525 
 
 
 526 
 
 
 ( Jabangir andi 
 ( Kur-Jahan j 
 
 Surat 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >j 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Patnah 
 
 20 
 
 2[0] 
 22 
 
 DAWAR BAKHSH. 
 
 527 I M I DawarBakhsh| Lahore | 1 | 
 
 PLATE XV.-S HAH-JAHAN: GOLD, 
 
 1021 
 
 1036 
 1034 
 
 1037 
 
 1037 
 
 529 
 
 N 
 
 Shah-Jahau 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 2 Khurdad 
 
 1038 
 
 530 
 
 " 
 
 >j 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 }> 
 
 — 
 
 534 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 — 
 
 1042 
 
 536 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 5 
 
 j> 
 
 541 
 
 
 
 j> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 — 
 
 1043 
 
 544 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 8 
 
 1045 
 
 549 
 
 
 
 " 
 
 — 
 
 12 
 
 1049 
 
 551 
 
 
 
 }5 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 14 
 
 1050 
 
 563 
 
 
 
 >J 
 
 Burhanpiir 
 
 25 
 
 1061 
 
 566 
 
 
 
 yy 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 27 
 
 1063 
 
 568 
 
 
 > 
 
 n 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 30 
 
 1066 
 
 577 
 
 
 » 
 
 )) 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 —
 
 czlii 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XVI.-SHAH-JAHAN: SILVER. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal year and 
 month. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 578 
 
 M 
 
 Sh/ih-Jahaa 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1 
 
 1037 
 
 580 
 
 
 )j 
 
 Burhanpiir 
 
 j» 
 
 5> 
 
 581 
 
 
 j> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 )} 
 
 1038 
 
 582* 
 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 2 
 
 )> 
 
 583 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 „ Ti'r 
 
 >; 
 
 5S4 
 
 
 j> 
 
 Patnah 
 
 2 
 
 >> 
 
 585 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Surat 
 
 1 
 
 }> 
 
 588 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 2 
 
 1039 
 
 589 
 
 
 ?> 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 j> 
 
 )f 
 
 603 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Dehlf 
 
 3 Dai 
 
 1040 
 
 605 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 5 
 
 1041 
 
 606 
 
 
 5> 
 
 Allahabad 
 
 4 Azur 
 
 >» 
 
 608 
 
 " 
 
 )) 
 
 Patnah 
 
 >> >> 
 
 3J 
 
 621 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 6 
 
 1043 
 
 622 
 
 jj 
 
 » 
 
 » 
 
 j> 
 
 >j 
 
 PLATE XVII.-SHAH-JAHAN: SILVER. 
 
 623 
 
 M 
 
 625 
 
 
 626 
 
 
 629 
 
 
 632* 
 
 
 634 
 
 
 643 
 
 
 651* 
 
 
 659 
 
 
 666 
 
 
 669* 
 
 
 671* 
 
 
 676 
 
 
 678* 
 
 
 681 
 
 
 Shah-Jaliati 
 
 Allahabad 
 Bhakar 
 
 }} • 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Bhakar 
 
 Tattah 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Surat 
 
 Jiinahgarh 
 
 Shalijahauabad 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 7 Parwardin 
 
 10 Khurdad 
 13 
 
 20 
 
 24 
 25 
 31 
 
 >) 
 32 
 
 689* I N I Anonymous | 
 
 1069 
 
 * The coins distinguisued by an asterisk are denominated in their inscriptions jUi nisdr, 
 i.e. presentation pieces, or coins for distribution as largesse or for the annual tribute, &c.
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 cxliii 
 
 PLATE XVIII. -SHUJA', MURAD BAKHSH, AND 
 AURANGZfB 'ALAMCrR: GOLD. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mine. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 690 
 
 M 
 
 Shuja' 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 — 
 
 1068 
 
 691 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 Jalaonabad ? 
 
 1 
 
 53 
 
 692 
 
 J^ 
 
 Murad Bakhsh 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 1 
 
 53 
 
 694 
 696 R 
 699 
 700 R 
 701 
 
 M 
 
 J) 
 
 J) 
 
 5> 
 3) 
 
 Auiangzib 
 
 33 
 
 Surat 
 
 33 
 
 Cam bay 
 Tattah 
 
 35 
 55 
 55 
 35 
 
 5 
 
 83 
 
 55 
 
 1072 
 
 702 
 
 )j 
 
 33 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 6 
 
 1074 
 
 706 
 
 )) 
 
 53 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 12 
 
 — 
 
 708 
 
 55 
 
 33 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 20 
 
 1086 
 
 709 
 
 35 
 
 33 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 24 
 
 1091 
 
 711 
 
 715* 
 
 719 
 721* 
 
 55 
 
 35 
 
 55 
 35 
 
 35 
 33 
 
 53 
 
 55 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 Chinapatan 
 
 ( Khujistah-bunyad ) 
 
 ( (Aurangabad) j 
 
 [China] patan 
 
 31 
 
 35 
 
 4:X 
 33 
 
 1099 
 1103 
 
 1109 
 
 nil 
 
 PLATE XIX.-AURANGZIB 
 
 725 
 726 
 728 
 729 
 732 
 733 
 734 
 739 
 742a 
 743 
 745 
 748 
 749 
 762 
 772 Obv. 
 777 
 781 
 782 
 
 M 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 :iB 'ALAMGIR 
 
 i: SILVER. 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 1 
 
 1069 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1 
 
 1070 
 
 Multan 
 
 3 
 
 33 
 
 
 4 
 
 1071 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 88 
 
 3' 
 
 Junahgarh 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 55 
 
 6 
 
 1074 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 9 
 
 107a; 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 35 
 
 1076 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 
 
 1077 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 14 
 
 1076 (sic) 
 
 85 
 
 15 
 
 — 
 
 Surat 
 
 24 
 
 1091 
 
 'Alamgirpur 
 
 — 
 
 1096 
 
 Narnol 
 
 dx 
 
 1098 
 
 Zafarpur 
 
 32 
 
 1100 
 
 Kabul 
 
 88 
 
 — 
 
 * Nisdr,
 
 cxliv 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XX. 
 AURANGZfB 'ALAMGfR: SILVER; AND A'ZAM. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 788 
 
 M 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Chinapatan 
 
 35 
 
 — 
 
 796 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Stirat 
 
 37 
 
 1105 
 
 7980bv. 
 
 5J 
 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 38 
 
 JJ 
 
 804 „ 
 
 J> 
 
 
 Baraili 
 
 39 
 
 1107 
 
 805 „ 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Nasratabad 
 
 dx 
 
 — 
 
 808 „ 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Zafarabad 
 
 40 
 
 1107 
 
 809 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 Abmadnagar 
 
 j> 
 
 1108 
 
 811 
 
 »> 
 
 
 Etawab 
 
 41 
 
 JJ 
 
 814 
 
 5J 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 JJ 
 
 )• 
 
 819 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Jiiaahgarh 
 
 4^ 
 
 1109 
 
 821 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 Cam bay 
 
 43 
 
 nil 
 
 822 
 
 J J 
 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 44 
 
 5> 
 
 847 
 
 N 
 
 A'zam 
 
 Khuj istah-bunyad 
 
 1 
 
 1118 
 
 849 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 1 
 
 1119 
 
 850 
 
 M 
 
 
 Ahmadabiid 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 851 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 PLATE XXL-KAM BAKHSH, BAHADUR, 
 
 852 
 
 N 
 
 853 
 
 M 
 
 854 
 
 N 
 
 8560bv. 
 
 JJ 
 
 858 
 
 JJ 
 
 861 
 
 JJ 
 
 862 
 
 JJ 
 
 863 
 
 JJ 
 
 866 
 
 M 
 
 867 
 
 JJ 
 
 868 
 
 JJ 
 
 870 
 
 JJ 
 
 873 
 
 JJ 
 
 874 
 
 JJ 
 
 875 
 
 JJ 
 
 Kam Bakbsh 
 
 ») 
 Bahadur 
 
 Haidarabad 
 
 Bijapiir 
 
 Peshawar 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Khuj istah-bunyad 
 
 Ujjain 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 'Azimabad (Patnah) 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 Sholapur 
 
 Surat 
 
 1120 
 
 1121 
 1122 
 1123 
 1119 
 
 JJ 
 1120 
 
 j> 
 1121 
 1122 
 1123
 
 GONTUNTS OF PLATES. 
 
 cslv 
 
 PLA" 
 
 VE XXII.-JAHANDAR, FARRUKH-SIYAR: 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 877 
 
 ^ 
 
 Jahaadar 
 
 Khujistah-bunyjid 
 
 1 
 
 1124 
 
 878 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 >> 
 
 55 
 
 ;, 
 
 880 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Shabjahiinabacl 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 885 
 
 M 
 
 }} 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 887 
 
 55 
 
 5J 
 
 [Akbarabsid] 
 
 55 
 
 51 
 
 889* 
 
 55 
 
 J» 
 
 Sliahjahanabad 
 
 
 
 55 
 
 890 
 
 N 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 Miu'sbidiibad 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 891 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Sbahjabanabad 
 
 4 
 
 1127 
 
 892 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Lahore 
 
 5 
 
 1129 
 
 893 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Baraili 
 
 55 
 
 — 
 
 894 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Bnrhanpur 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 897 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Multan 
 
 7 
 
 1130 
 
 898 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 55 
 
 — 
 
 900 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 
 
 
 1125 
 
 900a 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Imtiyazgarh 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 901 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Giiti 
 
 5 
 
 1128 
 
 902 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 Gaugpur 
 
 55 
 
 jj 
 
 PLATE XXIII. 
 FARRUKH-SIYAR: SILVER, RAPf -AD-DARAJAT. 
 
 903 
 
 JR 
 
 907 
 
 55 
 
 918 
 
 55 
 
 920 
 
 55 
 
 9240bv. 
 
 55 
 
 925 „ 
 
 55 
 
 927 „ 
 
 55 
 
 928 „ 
 
 55 
 
 931 „ 
 
 55 
 
 933 „ 
 
 55 
 
 935 „ 
 
 55 
 
 936 „ 
 
 55 
 
 937 
 
 N 
 
 937a 
 
 55 
 
 938 
 
 M 
 
 941 
 
 55 
 
 942 
 
 55 
 
 943 
 
 55 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 Rali'-ad-darajiit 
 
 Jahaugirnagar 
 
 Katak 
 
 Elavva 
 
 Chinapatau 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Murshidabjid 
 
 Arkat 
 
 Multan 
 
 A'zamnagar 
 
 Shah j ah {'iii abad 
 
 Mu'azzamabjid 
 
 Akbaial)ad 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Kiira 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1124 
 1125 
 1128 
 
 55 
 
 1129 
 
 1130 
 
 1131 
 
 * Niidr.
 
 cxlvi 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 plate xxiv. 
 rafP-ad-daulah, niku-siyar, ibra^hTm. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Eegnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 945 
 
 N 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 1 
 
 1131 
 
 946 
 
 J) 
 
 
 Khujistah-bunyad 
 
 — 
 
 )f 1 
 
 947 
 
 M 
 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 1 
 
 
 948 
 
 }) 
 
 
 Baraili 
 
 >5 
 
 
 950 
 
 >> 
 
 
 'Azimabad (Patnah) 
 
 J> 
 
 
 951 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 J> 
 
 
 952 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 )) 
 
 
 953 
 
 N 
 
 Niku-siyar 
 
 Surat 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 955 
 
 N 
 
 Ibrahim 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 1 
 
 1132 
 
 956 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 )} 
 
 )) 
 
 >» 
 
 PLATE XXV.-MUHAMMAD. 
 
 N 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 Khujistah-bunyad 
 
 1 
 
 1131 
 
 )> 
 
 
 Shabjahanabsid 
 
 3 
 
 1134 
 
 j> 
 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 17 
 
 1147 
 
 j> 
 
 
 Etawa 
 
 20 
 
 1150 
 
 j> 
 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 24 
 
 1154 
 
 >j 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 25 
 
 1155 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Imtiyazgarh 
 
 — 
 
 1161 
 
 » 
 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 M 
 
 
 Akbarnagar-Oudh 
 
 5 
 
 1135 
 
 » 
 
 
 Kura 
 
 11 
 
 1141 
 
 5> 
 
 
 Ajayur 
 
 Ix 
 
 1148 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Shahabad 
 
 21 
 
 1151 
 
 J) 
 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 25 
 
 1155 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Siwai-Jaipiir 
 
 26 
 
 115G 
 
 >5 
 
 
 Baraili 
 
 27 
 
 IWx
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 cxlvii 
 
 PLATE XXVI. 
 AHMAD, 'ALAMGIr II, SHAH-JAHAN [HI]. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 1039 
 
 N 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 1 
 
 1161 
 
 1040 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Benares 
 
 2 
 
 1162 
 
 1044 
 
 jj 
 
 » 
 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 1045 
 
 JR 
 
 >> 
 
 'Azimabad (Patnah) 
 
 1 
 
 1161 
 
 1047Obv. 
 
 >} 
 
 )> 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 >> 
 
 5> 
 
 1057 „ 
 
 }) 
 
 >j 
 
 Muiadabad 
 
 6 
 
 1167 
 
 1059 
 
 N 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 1 
 
 llxic 
 
 1060 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 » 
 
 2 
 
 1168 
 
 1062 
 
 J) 
 
 )) 
 
 Indrapur 
 
 4 
 
 lla;a; 
 
 1065 
 
 ;j 
 
 » 
 
 Lahore 
 
 5 
 
 1171 
 
 1066 
 
 5> 
 
 1) 
 
 Ahmadnagar-Farrukhabad 
 
 6 
 
 » 
 
 1069 
 
 >5 
 
 )) 
 
 Imtiyazgarh 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 1077* 
 
 M 
 
 » 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 4 
 
 1171 
 
 1082 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 5 
 
 1172 
 
 1086 
 
 N 
 
 Shah-Jahiiu [in.] 
 
 Isbimabad 
 
 1 
 
 1173 
 
 1087 
 
 n 
 
 j> 
 
 Ahraadnagar-Farrukhiibad 
 
 >) 
 
 » 
 
 1090 
 
 M 
 
 » 
 
 Indrapiir 
 
 » 
 
 » 
 
 PLATE XXVII -SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 1093 
 
 1094 
 1099) 
 1100) 
 1104 
 
 1110 
 
 1118 
 
 1121 
 
 1122 
 
 1129 
 
 N 
 
 Shab-'Alam 
 
 Sbahjahanabud 
 
 3 
 
 1176 
 
 5> 
 
 )> 
 
 )) 
 
 32 
 
 1205 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 5> 
 
 46 
 
 1218 
 
 N 
 
 » 
 
 JJ 
 
 ») 
 
 i> 
 
 5> 
 
 » 
 
 )J 
 
 47 
 
 1219 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 Etawa 
 
 18 
 
 — 
 
 )> 
 
 j> 
 
 Ahnaadabiid 
 
 16 
 
 118a; 
 
 >» 
 
 » 
 
 Ark at 
 
 12 ? 
 
 119a; 
 
 )> 
 
 >j 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 2G 
 
 1198 
 
 * Nisdr, 
 
 t Struck on occasion of Lake's entry, 1803.
 
 cxlviii 
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XXVIII.-SHAH-ALAM. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Emperor. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Eegnal 
 year. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 1135 
 
 M 
 
 Shah-' 
 
 Alam 
 
 Beoares 
 
 17 
 
 1189 
 
 1137 
 
 5> 
 
 
 
 »> 
 
 19 
 
 — 
 
 1138 
 
 )> 
 
 
 
 >» 
 
 23 
 
 1196 
 
 1139 
 
 >; 
 
 
 
 »> 
 
 30 
 
 1203 
 
 1U3 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 
 „ 
 
 45 
 
 1217 
 
 1157 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 10 
 
 1183 
 
 1159 
 
 ?> 
 
 
 
 Snnagar 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 1160 
 
 >j 
 
 
 
 Siirat 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 llGl 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 }) 
 
 5 
 
 — 
 
 11G3 
 
 >' 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 G 
 
 
 11G6 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 'Azimabad (Patuah) 
 
 2 
 
 1174 
 
 1167 
 
 jj 
 
 
 
 >> 
 
 10 
 
 1182 
 
 PLATE XXIX. 
 SHAH-'ALAM, BIDAR-BAKHT, AKBAR II, BAHADUR. 
 
 1171 
 
 N 
 
 1172 
 
 M 
 
 1182 
 
 5> 
 
 1185 
 
 N 
 
 1188 
 
 M 
 
 1193 
 
 )> 
 
 1200 
 
 >> 
 
 1205a 
 
 N 
 
 120G 
 
 j> 
 
 1207 
 
 j> 
 
 1210 
 
 ^l 
 
 1217 
 
 /R 
 
 Shah- Alam 
 
 Ahmadnagar-FaiTukhabad 
 
 23 
 
 1196 
 
 »> 
 
 >j 
 
 6 
 
 1179 
 
 » 
 
 » 
 
 39 
 
 1218 
 
 » 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 — 
 
 1181 
 
 » 
 
 >» 
 
 8 
 
 1180 
 
 » 
 
 »> 
 
 19 
 
 — 
 
 ?> 
 
 Najibabad 
 
 22 
 
 1195 
 
 ) J 
 
 I^o mint 
 
 — 
 
 1183 
 
 Bidar-Baldit 
 
 Sh;ihjahjinabad 
 
 1 
 
 1202 
 
 )> 
 
 Ahmadfilmd 
 
 )j 
 
 1203 
 
 lammad Akbar ii. 
 
 Shahjahauabad 
 
 1 
 
 1221 
 
 Bahadur ii. 
 
 ♦> 
 
 5 
 
 1257
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 cxlix 
 
 PLATE XXX-EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 MURSHIDABAD. 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Denomination. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Titular Emperor. 
 
 A.D. 
 circ. 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 N 
 
 AMohr 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 17G8 
 
 3 
 
 jj 
 
 1 
 
 8 JJ 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 5 
 
 
 4 Annas 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 8 
 
 M 
 
 Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1770 
 
 U 
 
 M 
 
 Anna 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 17 
 
 N 
 
 Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1773 
 
 20 
 
 »j 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1782 
 
 22 
 
 JJ 
 
 1 Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1787 
 
 28 
 
 M 
 
 Rupee 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1784 
 
 29 
 
 N- 
 
 Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1793-1818 
 
 33 
 
 JJ 
 
 i Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 >} 
 
 35 
 
 M 
 
 Rupee 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 37 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 390bv. 
 
 1 
 -•J ' 
 
 2 JJ 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 43 
 
 ^ 
 
 i Mohr 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1818-32 
 
 470bv. 
 
 i^ 
 
 Rupee 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1832-35 
 
 PLATE XXXI -EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 FARRUKHABAD, BENARES, CALCUTTA, BOMBAY. 
 
 50 
 
 M 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Farrukbabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1803-19 
 
 52 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 1833-35 
 
 54 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 61 
 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Benares 
 
 JJ 
 
 1811 
 
 66 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 1806-19 
 
 67 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 JJ 
 
 1763 
 
 68 
 
 
 J Rupee 
 
 Bombay 
 
 Shah 
 
 1719 
 
 71 
 
 
 JJ JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 1730 
 
 72 
 
 
 Rupee 
 
 JJ 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1725 
 
 76 
 
 N 
 
 Mohr 
 
 JJ 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1768 
 
 77 
 
 Al 
 
 Rupee 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 1774 
 
 79 
 
 JJ 
 
 Rupee 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 1800 
 
 80 
 
 JJ 
 
 I 
 
 4 JJ 
 
 Bombay-Surat 
 
 JJ 
 
 1718
 
 CONTENTS OF PLATES. 
 
 PLATE XXXII.-EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 SURAT, ARKAT (MADRAS, CALCUTTA), MASULIPATAN, 
 
 FRENCH COMPANY. 
 
 ARKAT (PONDICHERRY). 
 
 No. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Denomination. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Titular Emperor. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 81 
 
 N 
 
 i Mohr 
 
 Surat 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1802 
 
 82 
 
 }} 
 
 Mohr 
 
 >> 
 
 )} 
 
 1825 
 
 85 
 
 M 
 
 Rupee 
 
 >j 
 
 i> 
 
 1825 
 
 87 
 
 M 
 
 Mohr 
 
 >> 
 
 )} 
 
 
 96 
 
 JR 
 
 Rupee 
 
 » 
 
 }> 
 
 1818-32 ? 
 
 98 
 
 jj 
 
 j> 
 
 )} 
 
 }> 
 
 1832-35 ? 
 
 103 
 
 M 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Arkat (Madras) 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 1798-99? 
 
 109 
 
 N 
 
 i Mohr 
 
 j> >> 
 
 J7 
 
 1815? 
 
 111 
 
 M 
 
 Double rupee 
 
 }) )> 
 
 >> 
 
 „ ? 
 
 122 
 
 
 1 Rupee 
 
 ,, (Calcutta) 
 
 » 
 
 1818-33 
 
 127 
 
 
 Rupee 
 
 „ (Pondicherry) 
 
 » 
 
 1755 
 
 128 
 
 
 }) 
 
 '> }> 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1763 
 
 145 
 
 
 Double rupee 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 'Alamgir ii. (sic) 
 
 1780 
 
 148 
 
 ,, 
 
 Rupee 
 
 3> 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1797 
 
 Page. 
 Ixxxvii 
 
 N 
 
 200 Mohrs 
 
 PLATE XXXIii. 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 From a cast. 
 
 Shah Jahiin 
 
 A.H. 
 1064
 
 CORRIGENDA. 
 
 The reader is requested to make the following corrections 
 .before using the Catalogue. 
 
 heading : for 960 and 1554 read 963 and 1556. 
 
 for [jJ^e-C-^L^ ''^«^ b]5^,[^]j^- 
 
 dele Pl. III. 
 
 note,f(yi' April 1st read March 11th. 
 
 for (sic.) j^iJi^^ read j^\Z^ ; for Peshawar? read 
 
 Sitapur. 
 heading : transpose Obv. and Rev. 
 dele Pl. vi. 
 for Ta, 38, read \^/\, 48. 
 
 ,, a WW read (.j»»WI. 
 
 J, ^S^^ ji read ^J^*0 ^ ; for two read four. 
 
 „ Tanka read -^^ Tanka, and fur •Z^']^^ read 
 
 ,, o\Jj read »\Jo 
 „ Wt. 16 read Wt. 163. 
 „ (regnal year) 7 read 8, 
 „ jjj read j>j. 
 
 transfer Pl. x. Marsden, ^o 327. 
 68,75 341,378 for 339 rea</ 338. 
 
 71 357 for siXjUa. reacZ Jl OUU*.. 
 
 80 405-7 add in first col. |. 
 
 93 476 „ Wt. 17, read Wt. 175. 
 94,95 488, 491 for C-^^h^wo read a^-^. 
 
 99 512 add Wt. 315. 
 
 13 
 
 31 
 
 19 
 
 68 
 
 32 
 
 
 35 
 
 177 
 
 36 
 
 
 37 
 
 196 
 
 )f 
 
 197 
 
 53 
 
 273a 
 
 54 
 
 284 
 
 55 
 
 2876 
 
 58 
 
 295 
 
 59 
 
 298 
 
 >j 
 
 300 
 
 60 
 
 302 
 
 62 
 
 310 
 
 64 
 
 318 
 
 66 
 
 328
 
 clii CORRIGENDA. 
 
 PAGE. NO. 
 
 114 headino : for Kharram read Khurram. 
 
 135 691 for Jalunabad read JalaonabaJ ? 
 
 137 699 „ Oss[Ij] and ^jU read s:U9[j.£3] and dit,. 
 
 143 726 „ Calcutta read Golkondah. 
 
 „ „ „ iud^ read [d]ju^).^' 
 
 183 900a „ Karrah read Imtiyazgarh (Adonl). 
 
 191 937 „ o')!>* ''^«^ 0!;!>*- 
 
 202 975a omit this coin : it is transferred to p. 2 o\, 1171rt. 
 
 203 967-7 for Karrah read Imtiyazgarh (Adoui). 
 212 1019 „ ^j-^is read ^^• 
 
 223 1063 „ ^>3 rmZ ^sw-oA. 
 
 224 1068-70a for Karrah read Imtiyazgarh (Adoni). 
 
 226 1077 first col. add |. 
 
 227 lOSbhfor Karrah read Imtiyazgarh (Adoni). 
 229, 230 heading of first col. : for N read JR 
 
 la several instances Daulatabad is spelt Dawlatabiid, and 
 Azur, Adhur.
 
 THE MOGHUL EMPERORS 
 
 OF H I N DUSTAN.
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS 
 
 OF HINDUSTAN. 
 
 
 
 A.H, 
 
 A.D. 
 
 I. 
 
 Babar, Zahir-ad-din 
 
 932 
 
 1525 
 
 II. 
 
 HumayliD, Nasir-ad-din 
 
 937 
 
 1530 
 
 III. 
 
 Akbar, Jalal-ad-din 
 
 963 
 
 1556 
 
 IV. 
 
 Jahangir, Nur-ad-din . 
 
 1014 
 
 1605 
 
 
 Dawar Bakhsh . . . . 
 
 1037 
 
 1627-8 
 
 V. 
 
 Shah-Jahan, Shihab-ad-din 
 
 1037 
 
 1628 
 
 
 Shuja' (in Bengal) 
 
 1068-70 
 
 1658-60 
 
 
 Murad Bakhsh (in Gujarat) . 
 
 1068 
 
 1658 
 
 VI. 
 
 Aurangzib 'A'lamgir, Muhayyi-ad-d 
 
 . 1069 
 
 1659 
 
 
 A'zam Shah 
 
 1118 
 
 1707 
 
 
 Kam Bakhsh 
 
 1119-20 
 
 1708 
 
 VII. 
 
 Bahadur Shah-'A'lam, Kutb-ad-dii 
 
 > 1119 
 
 1707 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Jahandar Shah, Mu'izz-ad-din 
 
 1124 
 
 1712 
 
 IX. 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 1124 
 
 1713 
 
 X. 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat, Shams-ad-din 
 
 1131 
 
 1719 
 
 XI. 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah Shah-Jahan it. 
 
 . 1131 
 
 1719 
 
 
 .Niku-siyar .... 
 
 1131 
 
 1719 
 
 
 Ibrahim .... 
 
 1132 
 
 1720 
 
 XII. 
 
 Muhammad, Nasir-ad-din . 
 
 1131 
 
 1719 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Ahmad .... 
 
 . 1161 
 
 1748 
 
 XIV. 
 
 A'lamgir ii., Aziz-ad-din 
 
 1167 
 
 1754 
 
 
 Shah-Jahan [iii.] 
 
 1173-4 
 
 1759-60 
 
 XV. 
 
 Shah-A'lam, Jalal-ad-din 
 
 1173 
 
 1759 
 
 
 Bid fir Bakht 
 
 . 1202-3 
 
 1788 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Muhammad Akbar ii. 
 
 1221 
 
 1806 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Bahadur Shah ii. . . . 
 
 1253 
 
 1837 
 
 
 Deposed by the British Grovernmei 
 
 it 1275 
 
 1857 
 
 
 B 2 
 

 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 l.-ZAHIR-AD-DIN BABAR. 
 
 A.H. 932—937 = A.D. 1525—1530. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 1 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 933 
 
 SILVER. 
 Obv. Area, within square,! 
 
 A_i_)l J5— J 
 
 Margin, in segments, divided by ornaments, 
 Rev. Area, within twelve-foil, 
 
 c 
 
 Margin, ^ rr aAM {^,)cjt\ Jl ^UaJL.M 
 
 Pl. I. CUNNINGHAM. M VO, Wt. 70 
 
 * The following coins were presumably struck by Babar about 
 A.H. 917, when in alliance with the Safavi Shah Isma'il. See R. S. 
 Poole, Catalogue of Perf^ian Coins, Introduction, pp. xxv. ff., and 210. 
 They are also published in my Catalogue of Additions, part ii., p. 163, 
 where two of them (134v and 1342i) are figured in PI. xxsi. 
 
 M 
 
 134t No mint or date. 
 Obv. Ai\ 5)1 iJl "i 
 
 -Ul ^Jj ^ 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Rev., within square, 
 
 
 r> 
 
 Around, names of the twelve Imams, partly obliterated, 
 
 M -95, Wt, 78. 
 
 t This common formula is arranged in various ways, as a reference 
 to the plates will show ; but these slight Tariations are disregarded 
 in the descriptions, so long as the general division of the formula into 
 three lines is maintained.
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 JR 
 
 2 
 
 
 935 
 
 Obv. as 1 : but twelve- foil border (j^W'> instead of ^jt) 
 Kev. Area, within circle. 
 
 
 
 
 
 /^W >-? 1 — i^ 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, . . Ia5 aJJI 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. I. CUNNINGHAM. M 95, Wt. 71 
 
 
 
 
 134^ No mint or date. 
 
 
 
 
 ^1 :iii aJI :h 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 
 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 
 
 
 Rev., as 134'; bat no star, and order of Imams varied- 
 
 
 
 
 M -8, Wt. 79 
 
 
 
 
 134" No mint or date. 
 
 
 
 
 Coin similar to 134^, struck over coin of Shah llukh. 
 
 
 
 
 similar to 58, mint and date obliterated. 
 
 
 
 
 M -95, Wt. 76 
 
 
 
 
 134^ No mint or date. 
 
 
 
 
 Obv. Area as 134^, but within square, and divided by lines ; 
 
 
 
 
 margin obliterated. 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. Area, in pear-shaped border. 
 
 
 
 
 ^y'JA- 
 
 
 
 
 ^. j>^ 
 
 
 
 
 j^ 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, 4i'JiL.j aJCL JJl jili ^« 
 
 
 
 
 .51 OS, Wt. 79
 
 BABAB. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 3 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Tear. 
 
 936 
 
 936 
 
 Obv. as 1 : but area enclosed in circle (jiCjLt) 
 Eev. >e^X»JI O^^-^ ^o-li-c*^' O^J^PI 
 
 V _- / 
 
 j^k*^ . . . 4Jlia,JL[w j] aJLJUo <*JUl ... 
 
 Pl. I. CUNNINGHAM. M VO, Wt. 
 
 As 3 : mint obliterated. 
 
 FEARSE. M -9, Wt. 72 
 
 Obv. as 1 : but area enclosed in circle. 
 
 Kev. , ^ CN)! o' ^ ^ ■■■ II 
 
 ^^JkJI ^.yJi >ej.5C^I ^jLsLsi^l 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. ^I'O, Wt. 72 
 
 As 2 : but no date. 
 
 Rev. margin shows j>j.ii^\ ^LsL*. ^^Ja-c^) [I jjlisJL.)!] 
 JUt j^Jli. 
 
 .ai 1-15, Wt. 73 
 
 Obv. as 2. 
 
 Rev. Area, within eight-foil, 
 
 jjIj (>j»xJt j-sv-I* 
 
 Margin as 6. 
 
 M VO, Wt. 73
 
 
 
 
 ( 8 ) 
 
 II. 
 
 -MUHAMMAD HUMAYUN.* 
 
 
 A.H. 937— 9'>0 = A.D. 1530—1554. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 ' 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 Obv., within octagon, 
 
 aJUI J>— 'j 
 Rev., within circle, 
 
 PL. I. N -5, Wt. 14 
 
 9,10, 
 
 „ 
 
 
 Obv., within circle, as 8. 
 
 10a 
 
 
 
 Rev., within circle, 
 
 .... (xJC_Jl-.« 
 
 PL. I. CUNNINGHAM. iV -55, Wt. 16 
 I.O.C. jr -6, wt. 13 
 I.O.C. N -45. Wt. 8 
 
 * For coins of Humayiin struck in Kashmir (in 953 ?), see my 
 Catalogue of Indian Coins, Muhammadan States, p. 80.
 
 EUMAYUN. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 M 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 962 Obv. Area^ within looped square, 
 
 AJIJI •N)l All -N) 
 
 Margin, | ^Ua)I^U*c | J3jU)tj.«.c | Jjj».«ftJI j.C>l)l 
 Rev. Area, within looped square, 
 
 •^ T r o>-:;Ua 
 
 Margin, ^Alft.oJ' >?l i Ji^" | [ 
 
 Pl. I. CU^^KINGHAM. ^ -95, Wt. 180 
 
 Obv. Area, within looped circle, 
 
 Margin, | ^jIa*)! ,jU^ | (J^jU,!! j.«.c | jjjjk..fijt jJCj Ll 
 Rev. Area, within eiglitfoil. 
 
 Margin, aJUI j.Xd.]^^s:jl o^^^^^J' jo^'^)^ O^^^-^' 
 
 -£. AJlJfl.X[-;]j <i.'KLt> ^\\sO 
 
 Ft. I. CUNNINaHAM. M 105, Wt. 113 
 C
 
 10 
 
 MOGRUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. Year, 
 
 Lahore 
 
 942 
 
 As 12 : but . . tb^ <^j*^ at end of rev. margin. 
 
 Pl. I. EAT. ^I'O, Wt. Ill 
 
 As 12 : rev. area in different border ; margin varied in 
 arrangement, and partly obliterated. 
 
 BOMBAY AS. SOC. M VO, Wt. 112 
 
 MAY. M -8, Wt. 110 
 
 M -8, Wt. 37 
 
 EDEN. M -9, Wt. 47 
 
 Obv. as 12. 
 
 Rev. Area, witbin ornamented oblong border, 
 
 Margin, «d)l jda. [x.^:]^)! ^ISldJI ^o^[N)l o^^aJ^' 
 
 Pt. I. BUSS. M -85, wt. 72 
 
 Obv. Area, witbin looped circle, 
 
 aJLU 
 
 Margin as 12. 
 Eev. as 12. 
 
 Pl. I. CUNNINaRAM. M VQb, Wt. 72 
 
 Obv. Area as 19. 
 
 ^largin, | oW^ i^Wa^.-* | j-^-c- Jj^J | 
 
 Rev. as 11 : but barbarous. 
 
 CVNNINGSAM. .51 1'O, Wt. 68 
 
 Obv. as 20. 
 Rev. as 12. 
 
 M 1-0, Wt. 73 
 As 12. 
 
 CUNNINGRAM. M, -95, Wt. 71
 
 ( 11 ) 
 
 lll.-JALAL-AD-DIN AKBAR 
 
 A.H. 963— 1014 = A.D. 1556—1605. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 l.-WITH HIJRAH YEARS. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 23 
 
 Agrah 
 
 971 
 
 Obv. Area, within ornamented pentagon, 
 
 Margin, in segments, | Jjij^' j-o^ \ jjd*^** j^ ^ji^ 
 Rev. Area, 
 
 aJUI 
 
 jJjU *l.i^b ^.£3l ^^^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^v 1 
 
 O-d^-" J":^ — Of j^Jls.5 
 
 
 £U3LIa.Jl.«;3 <u$sLA..4 dJl . > 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Five Mohrs.) Pl. II. I.O.C. iV r75, Wt. 838
 
 12 
 
 MOGEUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. ^ 
 
 rear. 
 971 
 
 
 24 
 
 A2:rah? 
 
 Obv. Area as 23. 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, (^^Ua-J | j-o-t (^) l~«ol | jXjbl J^-aj 
 
 
 
 
 ^v^ aX)I J^ 1 ^Xc [^]X«. 1 0^[«^] 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. AjJi jJla. [^.Ji]t'^t O^^J^--" 
 
 
 
 
 
 j\ .p- 1 V 1 (*L. fi'^i ' 
 
 
 
 
 j^.^\ j^^^ o--^jJi J':^^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 .. ^. Ai] l.LJL-[3] AJCU 1x3 
 
 
 
 
 (O^JaJ^lt written O^^^^) 
 
 Pl, II. iV 105, Wt. 165 
 
 25 
 
 Lahore 
 
 j> 
 
 As 24: mint, .. A^) 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. Jf 1-05, Wt. 168 
 
 26-28 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Obv. as 23 : no margin. 
 Eev. , ^Jj^e■ 
 
 kX«. • • . Sh,* 
 Sv 1 
 
 (Year imperfect on 27 and 28 ; dots omitted on 29.) 
 
 Pl. II. I.O.C, iV -5, Wt. 18 
 
 •5, Wt. 13 
 
 „ •45, wt. 
 
 29 
 
 — 
 
 972 
 
 As 26 : but year ^ v r 
 
 •5, Wt. 18 
 
 30 
 
 1 
 
 Ag[rah 
 
 >j 
 
 As 24 : ^4;c a.X)\ ^-9[ J instead of J^ ; 
 year and mint ^ ^ f , .. ^\ w>j.-ii . 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. ^^ 11, Wt. 168
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 13 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Sai-ang- 
 pur r 
 
 Lahore 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 Year. 
 
 972 As 24: obv. margin partly obliterated; year WT, and 
 lowest line o£ rev., 
 
 973 
 
 974 
 
 — 975 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Pl, II. I.O.C. .A^ -9, Wt. 164 
 
 As 24 : obv. margin (as 30) partly obliterated ; on rev., 
 year VT : mint obliterated. 
 
 MARSDEN. iV 1-05, Wt. 168 
 
 As 24: obv. margin partly obliterated 3 year ^V^ : mint 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. N 1.05 Wt. 169 
 
 As 24 : inscriptions barbarous ; year ^v£: mint illegible. 
 
 iV" 1-2, wt. 169 
 
 As 24 : obv. margin obliterated ; year ^ v c ; mint 
 obliterated. 
 
 MARSBEN. Jf 1-05, Wt. 169 
 
 As 24: obv. margin, | ^jl... ^^ . \ j.^£. .[.. | 3 j.O IjI J... 
 
 ^-v~^c ^-^[j] I [i^-J>-c ^^]*-J : year <] vg : mint 
 obliterated. 
 
 STUBBS. Jf 1-05, wt. 167 
 
 As 36. 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. JT r06, Wt. 168 
 
 As 30 : year and mint ^ VO, iJ^^i 0^*a». w'j.-o. 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. N' I'l, Wt. 169
 
 14 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 39 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 976 
 
 40 
 
 Agrah 
 
 As 24 : obv. margin barbarous ; year ^ v 1 : mint obliterated. 
 
 MAItSDEN. IT 1-0, Wt. 162 
 
 Obv. as 24, within ornamented quatrefoil ; margin omits 
 benediction. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 oSXa 
 
 ^[)]Ijuj A-X.M J. — Jl- 
 
 \ 
 
 jl c oK — i^l — J 
 
 j.^^\ Jk«.a».« k>Jj^)! J'^e 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. ^ 1-0, Wt. 169 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 Dehll 
 
 977 
 
 As 24 : year and mint ^ vv, j^J^^cf. ^j^ 
 
 N I-O, Wt. 167 
 
 As 40 : year and mint ^ vv, .. A^ Oj.-tfi». w>/-tf 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. iV -95, Wt. 169 
 
 9vv 
 
 43 
 
 Lahore 
 
 As 40: year and mint j[^]a*9 is^JlaJI jl^ 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. iV I'O, Wt. 169
 
 AEBAR. 
 
 15 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 44 
 
 Year. 
 
 977 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 Agrali 
 
 Jaun- 
 piir 
 
 978 
 
 49 
 
 A.hmad 
 abad 
 
 Aorrah 
 
 97a; 
 
 980 
 
 Obv. Area, within dotted border, 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 Key. ... S O^^^ 
 
 ...kJL ^aSiU 
 
 Ornament, obv., "tOC 
 
 MABSBEN. iV -95, Wt. 157 
 
 As 40 : but year and mint ^ V A, . . ^1 as'^UJ 
 
 JPSINSEP. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 As 24 : but year and mint ^ VA, j^j^ ^><^ 
 (In margin jXj ^S, and ^^v^ a.^)1 ^^5-=!;) 
 
 Pl. n. CVNNINGB.AM. N VQ, Wt. 166 
 
 As 46 : but unit of year obscure. 
 
 PRINSEP. N 105, Wt. 166 
 
 As 40: but year and mint ^A,, ...Ij^.o-*-' A9'!i'>[s*J] •••• 
 Ornament, obv., ^ 
 
 Pl. II. BENGAL AS. SOC. N -8, Wt. 169 
 
 As 40 : but year and mint '^ A ♦ , ..£=.! a^^>.s;-)l j . . 
 
 MABSBEN. .A^-8, Wt. 168
 
 16 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 60,51 
 
 Mint. Year. 
 
 Asrrah 
 
 981 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 (a 1 )l J^^j 'ill a) I ^ 
 
 
 ,..£3 1 
 
 u- 
 
 |j.__JI J^L». 
 
 dj.__^! Sj^^_X^ '>r'/«^ 
 
 52,53 
 
 982 
 
 Pl. II. 3IAIi,^DEN. iVV3 X 8, Wt.ie? 
 MARSDEN. iV 1-2 x 8, Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. Area, within triple square, 
 
 A.JIJI •s)l aJI -^ 
 
 Margin, in segments, | j..«£ [ ^JCj (^jI Jjuoj 
 
 (^^[^]"^*[:'] I uW*fi^ l5 • • 
 
 Rev. A^U a..XJI j.[X.i. 
 
 j-*-^' ^jLc oUib 
 ^<,.:k..« O-tJ*'^" J'^«^ 
 
 oj^l a-9^X.dL.JI jl[i 
 
 Pl. hi, bengal AS. SOC. JiT -9, Wt. 169 
 MARSDEN. ir -95, Wt. 168
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 17 
 
 No. 
 
 54 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 58 
 
 59,60 
 
 61 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Abmacl- 
 abad 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Sirhind 
 
 Muham 
 
 madabad 
 
 Udaipur 
 
 Year. 
 
 982 
 
 983 
 
 984 
 
 MAESDEN. N -95, Wt. 168 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. N -95, "Wt. 169 
 MABSBEN. N I'O 
 
 As 52 : barbarous. 
 
 As 52 : but mint [i]bljk«i».l 
 
 As 55 : barbarous. 
 
 As 52 : year and mint, ^ Ap, ^Ij]| jL«i».t 
 
 MAESDEN. N '95 
 
 As 52 : year and mint, ^Af, [ iJ^^^C^']^ »Ti>"^ 
 
 PL, III. ^-8, wt. 169 
 
 As 52 : year and mint, ^ AT, j^**^ "^/-^ 
 
 Pl in. QOYT. INDIA. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 iV -85 
 
 As 52 : year and mint, ^ A^ ^j^^ .... 
 
 Pl. III. YEAMES. N '9, Wt. 169 
 
 As 52 : year '^ A<p ; mint obliterated. 
 
 LADY FEEEE. i\7 '9, Wt. 165 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ Al^ ^XJ , 
 Eev. i^j^ dlwib 
 
 j.*£3| J^«,a^« L>iJ^" {J*^'^ 
 
 ^ — «»- ^ ° ^ 
 
 j^-JLJ^t ^j. £■ ^l Ji 
 
 L^ II I W a^lMMM^ 
 
 Commemorative of the reduction of Muhammadabad, com 
 monly called Udaipur. 
 
 (Persian style.) 
 
 Pl. III. I.O.C. N -9, Wt. 169 
 
 
 C 5*-^ 
 
 
 >u aJLJI -Njl Alt "^ 
 
 V 
 
 

 
 18 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 AT 
 64 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 984 
 
 65 
 
 985 
 
 Obv. Area, within triple eightfoil, 
 aJUI ^)\ <lJI ^) 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 Rev. Area, within triple square, 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 Pl. Ill, MAESBEN. N -95, Wt. 166 
 
 Obv. Area, within triple square, 
 
 Kev. Area, 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 >-*^l l^jl-i oLw^l J 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 Pl. III. iV -9, Wt. 1C9
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 19 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 square 
 
 Fathpui 
 
 986 
 
 68 
 sq 
 
 69 
 
 Fathpui 
 
 Lain 
 
 987 
 
 Pathpur 
 
 988 
 
 Obv. 
 
 a^-^a ^ 
 
 Pl. III. PRINSEP. A' 75, Wt. 18G 
 
 As G6 : but year ^ A v oti recerse. 
 
 N -7, Wt. 187 
 
 As 66 : year ^ AV on reverse ; and lowest line, 
 
 Pl. III. PPINSEP. N 75, Wt; 187 
 
 As QQ : year ^ A A on reverse. 
 
 MARSDEN. jV 75, Wt. 187 
 
 * In this volume all coins are assumed to be round, unless dis- 
 tinguished as square (sq.) beneath the number in the first column. 
 The fractions 2 or i beneath the number indicate a half or a quarter 
 mohr or rupee as the case may be.
 
 20 
 
 IfOGSUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 70 
 
 sq. 
 
 71,72 
 
 73-77 
 
 sq, 
 
 Year. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Urdll- 
 Zafar- 
 kariu 
 
 78 
 
 79,80 
 
 81 
 sq.i 
 
 82 
 sq.i 
 
 988 
 
 1000 
 
 83 
 
 Patnali 
 
 As QQ : year ^ aa on reverse; 
 
 and lowest line, . . A'^) AXla.LJ\ j\^ w^-^ 
 
 Pl. III. MABSDEN. N' 75, Wt. 188 
 
 As 26, but —^b— divides reverse; date ^ AA 
 
 Pt. III. I.O.C. iV^*45, Wt. 15 
 I.O.C. Pierced. N -55, Wt. 15 
 
 As 66 : year i^)l on reverse ; 
 
 lowest line, ^j.jj3jAia ^ij\ w»j..o 
 
 Pl. III. MARS DEN. JT -75, Wt. 186 
 
 jr -75, Wt. 186 
 
 I.O.C. J^ -8, Wt. 186 
 
 MARSDBN. N' '7^, Wt. 187 
 
 I.O.C. N -7, Wt. 183 
 
 As 73 : no year. 
 
 As 73 : but round. Barbarous. 
 
 N 7, Wt. 187 
 
 Pl. III. iV -8, Wt. 166 
 iV -g, Wt. 164 
 
 As 73. 
 
 Ob v. j^\ 
 
 A_JUI 
 
 Pl. III. CUNNINGHAM. N -55, Wt. 93 
 
 Rev. CHj-' 
 
 Pl. III. CUNNINGHAM. Jf '4, Wt. 46 
 
 As 73.: lowest line of rev., aH>^ VJ-^" 
 
 Pl. III. MARSDEN. N -65, Wt. 169
 
 AEBAB. 
 
 21 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 8J. 
 
 
 963 
 
 Obv. Area, within looped circle, 
 
 
 
 
 
 A.XJ! J>— 'J 
 
 
 
 
 
 Margin obliterated 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. Above, ^Jac .... UaX ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 Within square, 
 
 
 
 
 
 jjjl^ oLiiU 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,V>f^' *^*-» 
 
 
 
 
 
 o-ij^H j':i>-«>- 
 
 
 
 
 
 Beneath, inscription obliterated. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 M -9, Wt. 179 
 
 85 
 
 
 964 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, as 84 ; year '\1\<=- 
 Margin, . -ix5 ..JI.Ac J' >^J^' 
 
 liev. Area, within square, as 84, but no date. 
 Margin, in segments, AJlJaXw^ . . . . | | 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 M 1-0, Wt.. 176
 
 IfOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 M 
 
 86 
 
 Agrah 
 
 9G7 
 
 Obv. Area^ within square, as 84. 
 
 Margin, in segments,* | j— o-t Jj^ | j-JC-j -jI {^J^^aj 
 
 Eev. Area, within square, 
 
 
 
 
 O- JJ^ JJ J-il^ J^ 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, j^.JL[o.] | ,. . ^jKlK.^ \ ^.k.t'^l ^IkLJI 
 
 
 
 
 oj^\ wJj-^i AJUaA.w3 1 '"^'^ (^"*^ **'^'' 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. PLAYFAIR. M 1-2, Wt. 173 
 
 * 
 
 87 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 As 86 : mint obliterated. 
 
 fiTUBBS. JR 11, wt. 174 
 
 88 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 96a; 
 
 Obv. Area, within wavy lozenge border, as 84. 
 
 Margin, i^Ua^j | j-o* J-x*-j | j^\.i\ (sic) La-j 
 Aii\ ^j ^Xc >ju 1 oW^ 
 
 Rev. jjjjiJt^ L.JjkJt ^ -cLJ 
 
 
 j]^_aJ3^ w'j.-i (9)«-IaJI ^I 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. BdNia. M V2, Wt. 177 
 
 * Slight variations in this inscription (as omitting or inserting a 
 ) or j), are not usually recorded in the Catalogue.
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 23 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 88^ 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 91 
 
 Year. 
 
 96^ 
 
 970 
 
 970 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 Affrah 
 
 — 971 
 
 970 
 
 971 
 
 As 88 : but "^ 1 in rev. area, and no trace of anything 
 before w>><«i 
 
 PANJ. AECH. SUSr. JR 11 
 
 As 8G : obv. margin obliterated ; on rev. area, year "^ v . 
 margin obliterated. 
 
 MAESBEN. JB. I'OS, Wt. 170 
 
 Obv. as 86 ; margin as 88, ending ^n 
 Rev. Area, within eightfoil, 
 
 j^jU diij^b ji-*-^' 
 
 1v. 
 
 V>— !»^— Jl J"^ e 
 
 Margin, 
 
 Pl. IV. M 1-1, Wt. 178 
 
 As 86: year ^v, ; rev. margin partly obliterated; 
 
 GBANT. JB, 105, Wt. 173 
 
 As 90 : obv. and rev. areas inclosed in wavy border 
 year on rev. ^ V | ; margin obliterated. 
 
 M 1-1, wt. 160 
 
 As 86 : obv. area within circle ; rev. area Avithin wavy 
 square ; rev. margin obliterated ; year on rev. ^ v | 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, Wt. 177
 
 24 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEEOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 94 
 
 95 
 
 96 
 
 Mint. Year 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 971 
 
 973 
 
 974 
 
 Obv. as 84: within circle; margin ends ^^.©^ <iJUt <<-«; 
 
 Eev., within ornamented square, 
 
 ....Jl O^UJI^lifN)! .Ua... 
 
 r^ 
 
 6\ iJ^V 
 
 
 
 ^\ 
 
 
 3 
 
 THOMAS. M V\, Wt. 174 
 
 As 90 : obv. border varied ; year on rev, ^, v p*, margin 
 obHterated. 
 
 (Formerly ringed). EDEN. & MS 
 
 Obv. Area, within wavy pentagon, as 84. 
 ^largin obscure. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 y — d^ — 'b ^ 
 
 rCS. 
 
 I 
 
 H.y 
 
 Pt. IV. THOMAS, m. 1-1, Wt. 177
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 25 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 97 Dehli 
 
 Year. 
 
 975 
 
 98 
 
 99 
 
 100 
 
 101 
 
 Jaun- 
 piir 
 
 Agrah 
 
 102 
 
 103 
 
 976 
 
 977 
 
 978 
 
 980 
 
 Obv., within circle, as 86, adding ^.^^ aJUI ^*i>j 
 Rev. ol^l^l v*^'*^^! O^J^P' 
 
 AJUt 
 
 rtL_ioL. J, . ^t 
 
 J^]JL^ 
 
 jj:jL-c a_<f_a„_^ 
 
 ^]*> 
 
 ^Vg C>:!J^)t J'ilc^ 
 
 6f-,< £\ m e ^ wJ^- O 
 
 Pl. IV. CURETON. M 1*05, Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. as 86. 
 
 Eev. as 96 : year ^ vg 
 
 (Ringed.) GEANT. 1& 11 
 
 As 90 : mint obliterated ; year ^ V c 
 (Obv. margin as 97.) 
 
 As 90 : mint obliterated ; year ^ v *1 
 
 M 11, Wt. 169 
 
 EDEN, M 105, Wt. 16>- 
 
 As 86 : year ^ vv 
 
 (Obv. in looped square ; rev. margin varied in arrange- 
 ment.) 
 
 TSOMAS. M l-O, Wt. 177 
 
 As 90 : mint obliterated ; year [ ^ ] v A 
 
 GRANT. M 105, Wt, 165 
 
 As 86 : margins 2'>artly obliterated ; year ^ A . 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, wt. 174 
 £
 
 26 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEEORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 104 
 
 105 
 
 106 
 
 107 
 
 108- 
 110 
 
 111 
 
 112 
 
 113 
 
 114 
 
 Year. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 „? 
 
 Jaun- 
 pur 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 981 
 
 982 
 
 983 
 
 Dehli 
 
 984 
 
 985 
 
 As 90 : but year ^ A 
 (Borders varied.) 
 
 M 1-0, Wt. 176 
 
 As 86 : areas inclosed in triple squares ; year ^ A T 
 Rev. margin, ilJlJ^,&.l S-UaLJIjb | ^j-^ | 
 
 Pl. IV. GEANT. M 10, Wt. 175 
 
 As 105 : mint partly obliterated. 
 
 THOMAS. JB. 1'05, Wt. 174 
 
 As 86 : margins chiefly obliterated ; year ^ A^ 
 (Borders varied.) 
 
 MARSDEN. M -05, Wt. 17.5 
 
 As 96 : mint partly obliterated ; year ^ a!^ 
 
 As 105 : year '\ A' 
 
 Pl. IV. GRANT. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 „ M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 EDEN. M '0. Wt. 173 
 
 STUBBS. M 105, Wt. 175 
 
 As 90 : year ^ A^ ; rev. margin nearly obliterated. 
 
 M 10, Wt. 170 
 
 As 86 : year ^A,f-; mint obliterated. 
 
 THOMAS. M. £), Wt. 174 
 
 As 86 : year ^ a£ 
 
 Eev. Margin, | . . A> w>o | AJUaJL-3.... [ [ 
 
 MARSDEN. M. 10, Wt. 17.i
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 27 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 115- 
 
 117 
 
 lis, 
 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 121 
 
 Year. 
 
 985 
 
 98G 
 
 987 
 
 As 86 : year ^ a£ ; mint obliterated. 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, Wt. 173 
 
 EDEN. M -95, Wt. 167 
 
 PBINSEP. M -9, Wt. 173 
 
 As 86 : year '^ a1 j mint in rev. margin obscure. 
 
 EDEN. M '95, Wt. 175 
 Pl. IV. M -95, Wt. 174 
 
 As 105: year ^a1 ; margins obliterated. 
 
 STEUART. M '9, Wt. 177 
 
 As 105 : year ^ av ; mint obliterated. 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 170
 
 28 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 SQUAEE ISSUE. 
 
 M 
 
 122, 
 123 
 sq. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 986 
 
 Obv. 
 
 \. ^*^P 
 
 
 
 >> 
 
 ajui ':^i Alt -N) 
 
 
 
 
 
 O. 
 
 
 (1 
 
 
 
 
 
 A_JJt J>— -J 
 
 •: ■ 
 J 
 
 o 
 
 ^—^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kev. a5:JL« ^U-3 4»XJI ji.JL.i. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^jLc ^>jj — !l J%o- 
 
 
 
 
 j^A*N) iJaJLJI jb wJj»o 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV, PSINSEP. M -8, Wt- 178 
 
 
 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) MARSBEN- M ss 
 
 124 
 
 sq. 
 
 Fatli- 
 piir 
 
 j> 
 
 As 122 : but [a*]M ~. )l jti 
 
 Pl. rV. THOMAS. M S, Wt. 174 
 
 125, 
 
 j> 
 
 987 
 
 As 124 : but «^AV 
 
 125a, 
 
 
 
 MAESDEK. M -75. Wt. 175 
 
 120 
 
 
 
 PSINSEP. M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 Z.O.C. M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 127 
 sq. 
 
 Alimad- 
 abad 
 
 }) 
 
 As 122: but ...lj^^a.1 ...Hj.. ^.. ; and ^ av 
 Obv. ornamented with branches. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. 
 
 GRANT. M '8, Wt. 174 |
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 29 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 128 
 
 Urdu 
 
 87 
 
 Obv. Area, within quatrefoil, 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 A.JLM 
 
 At corners, j^c, (jU*c, j.«.c, j.C ^jl 
 Eev., within square, jiji 
 
 Margin, ^AV jjjjU 1 dli^b \^\ Jk«ai^ | v>JJ^)l J'i>.». 
 
 Pl. IV. MABSDEN. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 129, 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 
 As 122 : year ^ AV ; mint, ...'^) 3^LkJi\ jb 
 
 130 
 
 
 
 GRANT. M -8, Wt. 175 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 J.O.C. M -75, Wt. 172 
 
 131 
 
 Patnah 
 
 j> 
 
 As 122 : year on ohv. ^ AV ; last line of rev., SjSj w>j.«i 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. I.O.C. M -8, wt. 176 
 
 132 
 
 
 
 5J 
 
 As 122 : year ^ av ; mint obliterated. 
 
 sq. i 
 
 
 
 Pl. IV. I.O.C. M -65, Wt. 88 
 
 133 
 
 Lahore 
 
 988 
 
 As 122 : (lettei-s form diamond instead of square on obv.); 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 year ^ AA 
 
 .SI -75, wt. 177 
 
 134, 
 
 Fath- 
 
 5? 
 
 As 122 : year ^ AA ; lowest line of rev., 
 
 135 
 
 sq. 
 
 piir 
 
 
 BURNES. M -75, Wt. 176 
 THOMAS. M -8, Wt. 173
 
 30 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 M 
 
 136 
 
 
 988 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 137 
 
 Lahore 
 
 989 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 138, 
 139 
 
 sq. 
 
 Fath- 
 piir 
 
 )} 
 
 140 
 
 
 
 990 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 
 992 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 142 
 
 _„ 
 
 993 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 143 
 
 
 
 994 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 144, 
 145 
 
 — 
 
 995 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 146 
 
 
 997 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 147 
 sq.| 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 As 122 : year ^ AA ; mint obliterated. 
 
 MARSDEN. M -8, Wt. 171 
 
 As 122 : year ^ A^ ; mint partly obliterated. 
 
 PRINSJEP. M -8, Wt. 173 
 
 As 134 : year ^ A ^ 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, Wt. 175 
 MAB8DEN. M 75, Wt. 171 
 
 As 122 : obv. margin (if any) cut off; mint obliterated; 
 year ^ ^ , 
 
 I.O.C. M -7, Wt. IGI 
 
 As 122: year ^ ^ r ; mint obliterated. 
 
 M -7, Wt. 177 
 
 As 122 : year ^ ^ T ; mint obliterated. 
 
 MAMSBEN. a. -7, Wt. 175 
 
 As 122 : year \^f-; mint obliterated. 
 
 BUSNES. M -7, Wt. i74 
 
 As 122 : year ^ ^ C ; mint nearly obliterated (probably 
 Lahore). 
 
 I.O.C. M -75, Wt. 174 
 M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 As 122 ; year ^ ^ v ; mint obliterated. 
 
 GOVT. INDIA. M -7, Wt. 177 
 
 As 122 : year ^ ^ v ; mint obliterated. 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, wt.
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 31 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 U8, 
 
 — 
 
 998 
 
 As 122 : year ^ AA ; mint obliterated. 
 
 149 
 
 
 
 .51 -7, Wt. 175 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 PEIJVSEP. M -7, Wt. 174 
 
 160 
 
 — 
 
 999 
 
 As 122 : year 'W'] ; mint obliterated. 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 M -7, Wt. 176 
 
 151- 
 155 
 
 sq. 
 
 Urdii- 
 Zafar- 
 karin 
 
 1000 
 
 As 122 : year t-aJI ; mint, O-!/^ J^^ iAj' H^-^ 
 
 Pl. IV. M -75, wt. 175 
 
 EDEN. M -8 
 
 I.O.C. M -7 
 
 GOVT. INDIA. M S 
 
 (Imitation.) .51 '8, Wt. 175 
 
 156- 
 159 
 
 >j 
 
 )) 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, Wt. 88 
 
 sq.| 
 
 
 
 THOMAS. M '5, Wt. 82 
 
 (Mint obUtcrated.) PSINSEP.. M -55, Wt. 83 
 
 EDEN. M -5, Wt. 82 
 
 160 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 „ no year 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 EDEN. M -7, Wt. 175 
 
 161 
 
 Fath- 
 
 
 „ „ mint, i^^^ 
 
 sq. 
 
 pur 
 
 
 EDEN. M -8, Wt. 178 
 
 162 
 
 
 
 „ rev. partly obliterated. 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 EIVETT-CABNAC. M -85, Wt. 180 
 
 For square silver coins of Akbar struck in Kashmir, see 
 Catalogue of Muhammadan States, nos. 221, 222. 

 
 32 
 
 MOGHUL EMFER0B8. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Mouth 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 II.-WITH ILAHI (SOLAR) YEARS. 
 
 N 
 103 
 
 164 
 
 Agrah 
 
 165 
 
 32 
 
 [995] 
 
 42 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 [1006J 
 
 44 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 L1007] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Within double square, with 
 wavy border, 
 
 A.XJI 
 
 Within dotted circle, 
 
 A-XJI 
 
 Border as obv., 
 
 PL. V. .AT' -8, Wt. 187 
 
 Within dotted circle, 
 J. ^ 
 
 Pl. V. N -5, Wt. 42 
 
 Within dotted circle, 
 
 Pl. V. Z.O.C. N -9, Wt. 187 
 
 * The Ilahi or ' divine ' epoch of Akbar was introduced by this 
 Emperor in the year 992 of the Hijrah, a.d. 1584, and dates from the 
 5th day of Rabi' II. of the year 963 (Feb. 1556, the first of his reign), 
 being the time of the entering of the sun into the constellation Aries ; 
 and the Ilahi years are composed of twelve solar months, called by 
 the names of the ancient Persian Kalendar : — 
 
 Farwardin Mardad (Amardad) Azur 
 
 Ardibihist Shahriyar Dai 
 
 Khurdiid Mihr Bahman 
 
 Tir Aban Isfandarmiz. 
 
 In giving the corresponding Hijrah year to any Ilahi year in this 
 Catalogue, the Hijrah year in which the Ilahi year began (i.e., 
 roughly, at xVpril 1st) alone is given.
 
 AEBAB. 
 
 33 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 166 
 
 Asir 
 
 167 
 
 Agrah 
 
 168 
 
 169 
 
 170 
 
 Year : 
 Month. 
 
 45 
 
 Isfan 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 [1008] 
 
 49 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 dia 
 [1012] 
 
 49 
 
 Amar- 
 
 dad 
 
 [1012] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Hawk to right. 
 Ornaments in field. 
 
 As 164. 
 
 49 
 
 Azur 
 [1012] 
 
 JJ O- 
 
 ajjl ^^t dlw 
 
 6j^\ ^)^ J^ 
 
 50 
 
 Amar- 
 dad 
 
 [1013] 
 
 As 164 : within octagram. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^1 
 
 .^1 
 
 Pl.V. PAYNE KNiaRT. NS.Wt.lSS 
 Pl.V. CUNNINQSAM. .A?'-75,Wt.l68 
 
 (Lozenge shaped.) MARSDEN. 
 
 Pl. V. N -85 X 5, Wt. 168 
 
 b50 
 
 Oo^- 
 
 f^', jit 
 
 Pl. V, PBINSEP. IT I'O, Wt. 166 
 
 Within octagram, as 168, 
 but g. 
 
 ' Pl. V. MARSDEN. JT -9, Wt. 167 
 F
 
 34 
 
 MOQHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 171 
 
 172 
 
 2 
 
 173 
 
 174 
 
 175 
 
 176 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 Lahore 50 
 
 Amar 
 ddd 
 
 [1013] 
 
 50 
 
 Far- 
 
 war- 
 
 din 
 
 [1013] 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 164 
 circle. 
 
 within dotted 
 
 50 
 
 Khiir 
 dad 
 [1013] 
 
 51 
 
 [1014] 
 
 Within dotted circle, two 
 figures : (1) a man, wearing 
 crown of three cusps, and 
 carrying a sheaf of arrows 
 and a stretched bow ; fol- 
 lowed by (2) a woman, who 
 draws back her long veil 
 from her face. 
 
 Within dotted circle, duck 
 to right. 
 Ornaments in field. 
 
 As 169: 
 
 o\ i 
 
 J 4 •« 
 
 Borders as 163. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Within dotted circle, 
 
 Pt. V. I.O.C. jr -7, Wt. 168 
 
 Within dotted circle, 
 
 Pt. V. PRINSEP. Jf -8, Wt, 74 
 
 AjUl 
 
 .^t 
 
 ^t ^1^3,tt. ^« 
 
 o>^l 
 
 W^JkO 
 
 PL. V. THAMES. iV -8, Wt. 182 
 
 As 169 : but, g , ^bj^a. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. AT VO, Wt. 167 
 
 .U 
 
 ;y 
 
 j^j <*^ ^U jj ^J\ jj 
 V ^ 
 
 Pl.V. CUNNINGHAM. iiV-85,Wt.l65 
 Pt. V. I.O.C. N -75, Wt. 187
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 35 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 L77 
 
 178 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Pesha- 
 war(?) 
 
 Ahmad 
 abad 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 28 
 [991] 
 
 30 
 
 [993] 
 Dai 
 
 179 
 
 sq. 
 
 180 
 sq. 
 
 181 
 sq. 
 
 182, 
 183, 
 184 
 sq.i 
 
 185 
 
 sq. 
 
 Mar- 
 dad 
 
 32 
 
 [995] 
 
 33 
 
 [996] 
 
 84 
 
 [997] 
 
 35 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 [998] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 4JJt 
 
 As 177. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 r^^ J-ir^ 
 
 (sic) j3_X_iwJ Ta 
 
 Pi.VI. CUNNINGSAM. 5l-85,Wt.l74 
 Pl. VI. I.O.C. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 Same, but i\^^ 
 
 M -7, Wt. 175 
 
 .1.—" rr 
 
 MAUSBEN. Si -7, Wt. 173 
 
 but rr 
 
 .ai '7, wt. 176 
 
 but rp 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -65, Wt. 176 
 
 EDEN. M '7, Wt. 175 
 
 Pl.VI. CUNNINGHAM. ^'CWt. 87 
 
 ^ -7, Wt. 174
 
 36 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 Eev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 M 
 
 186 
 sq. 
 
 — 
 
 35 
 
 Amar- 
 dad 
 
 [998j 
 
 As 177. 
 
 CUNNIKGHAM. M -7, Wt. 174 
 
 187 
 sq.i 
 
 Lahore 
 
 36 
 
 A ban 
 [999j 
 
 i7 
 
 J.O.C. M '55, Wt. 88 
 
 188 
 sq.i 
 
 >> 
 
 36 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 [999] 
 
 }} 
 
 Same : but j>«.[vJ 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M '4, Wt. 43 
 
 189 
 sq. i 
 
 Tattah 
 
 36 
 
 [999] 
 
 )) 
 
 <* — :_j 
 
 .ai -4, wt. 44 
 
 190 
 sq. i 
 
 — 
 
 37 
 
 [1000] 
 
 As 180. 
 
 As 180 : but rv 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, Wt. 87 
 
 191 
 
 sq. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 37 
 
 [1000] 
 
 As 122. 
 
 rv 
 
 ol].^^b j^t jk»a>..o 
 
 
 
 
 
 O- JJ^' J'i'^--- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. VI. 51 -75, Wt. 172 
 
 192 
 sq. 
 
 }) 
 
 38 
 
 [1001] 
 
 >i 
 
 „ but Ta 
 
 .51 75, Wt. 177 
 
 193 
 
 sq. 
 
 >j 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 [1001] 
 
 As 177. 
 
 iJUj^^t Ta 
 
 51 -7, Wt. 169
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 B7 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 194 
 sq. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 38 As 177. 
 
 Tlr 
 
 [1001] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 195 
 
 )) 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 196 
 
 J> 
 
 q-i 
 
 
 38 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 din 
 [1001] 
 
 38 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 [lUOlj 
 
 197 iBurhan- 
 pur 
 
 38 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1001] 
 
 198 Lahore 
 
 39 
 
 Azur 
 
 riou2] 
 
 199 
 
 Tattah* 40 
 
 iKhur- 
 dad , 
 
 [1003] 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Jt 
 
 PL. VI. CUNNINGHAM. ^r.Wt.ire 
 
 Same : but C>iij$jA 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -7. Wt. 176 
 PL. VI. THOMAS. M •4.5. Wt. 43 
 
 j>-jO^*>j Ta 
 
 (Ringed.) Pl. VI. PLAYFAIR. M 8 
 PLATFAIR. M 0, Wt. 174 j 
 
 PL. VI. PAN J. ARCH. SUPV. 
 
 JS. 6, Wt. 173 I 
 
 * This mint closely resembles Patnah, but has one upright stroke i 
 less : Tattah is ^ and Patnah ^. ^ '
 
 38 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 200 
 
 Year 
 
 Month 
 
 Tattah 
 
 201 
 
 202 
 
 203 
 
 204 
 
 205 
 
 sq-l 
 
 40 
 
 Bah. 
 man 
 [1003J 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 177. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 Khiir 
 dad 
 
 [1004] 
 
 41 
 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 [1004 1 
 
 beneath , 
 
 O w>>^ 
 
 41 As 180. 
 
 [1004] 
 
 Kev. 
 
 rv — " L>' 
 
 I.O.C. M -6, Wt. 175 
 
 EDEN. M •45, "Wt. 86 
 
 t F. 
 
 Pl. VI. I.O.C. M -35, Wt. 21 
 
 
 (Ringed.) .31 
 
 
 Pl.VI. CVNNINGHAM. .ai-9,Wt.l76 
 
 As 180 : but F I 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, Wt.
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 39 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 206 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ahmad, 
 abad 
 
 207 
 
 208 
 
 2 
 
 209 
 
 Year : 
 Month 
 
 42 
 
 Khur-I 
 dad 
 
 [1005] I 
 
 42 
 
 I Tir 
 
 L1O05] 
 
 42 
 
 Aban 
 
 [1005] 
 
 Patnah 42 
 
 Shah- 
 riwarl 
 [100 j] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 177. 
 
 210 
 sq. 
 
 211 Lahore 
 
 42 
 
 [1005] 
 
 212 
 
 42 
 
 Tir 
 [1005] 
 
 42 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 [1005] 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 iR "SS, Wt. 177 
 
 „ but jJi 
 
 CUNNINGSAM. M -85, Wt. 176 
 
 „ but ^Lt 
 
 EDEN. M 7, Wt. 88 
 
 V 
 
 Pt. VI, M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 rt — >t ^r 
 
 M -6, Wt. 176 
 
 GRANT, m. -65, Wt. 87 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -9, Wt, 175
 
 40 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 42 
 
 Tir 
 [100.5] 
 
 Obr. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 JR 
 213 
 
 sq. 
 
 Dehli? 
 
 As 177: beneath ^^U^ ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PANJ. AR cm SURF. -H '65, Wt. 174 
 
 214 
 
 
 42 
 
 [1005J 
 
 As 180. 
 
 As 180: but f^r 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, Wt. 88 
 
 215 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Patnah 
 
 43 
 
 Khiir- 
 
 dad 
 
 [1006] 
 
 As 177. 
 
 4.;.;.. fr 
 
 •t 
 
 Pl. VI. R. -65, "Wt. 88 
 
 216 
 
 )) 
 
 43 
 
 Bah- 
 maa 
 [1006] 
 
 » 
 
 Same : but (>«^j 
 
 CVNNINQKAM. S. -85, Wt. 175 
 
 217 
 sq. i 
 
 — 
 
 43 
 
 [1003] 
 
 As 180. 
 
 As 180 : but f-r 
 
 I.O.C. M -6, Wt. 88 
 
 218 
 sq.| 
 
 — 
 
 43 
 
 Shah- 
 n'war 
 [1006] 
 
 As 177. 
 
 PL. VI. THOMAS. M -55, Wt. 87 
 
 219 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 44 
 
 A-mar- 
 dad 
 [1007] 
 
 j> 
 
 ^1 ib^^l 
 
 MARSBEN. M ros, Wt. 180 '
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 41 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 220 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Month. 
 
 Patnah 
 
 221 
 
 Kabul 
 
 222 
 
 Lahore 
 
 44 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 [1007] 
 
 44 
 
 Aban 
 [1007] 
 
 44 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 [1007] 
 
 As 177. 
 
 223 
 
 224 
 
 225 
 
 1. 
 
 2 
 
 226 Kabul 
 
 44 
 
 Sbah- 
 riwar 
 
 [1007] 
 
 44 
 
 Aban 
 [1007] 
 
 44 
 
 Adhur 
 [1O07] 
 
 45 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1008] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 M -95, Wt. 175 
 
 ci: 
 
 t^P Jol£3 J^ 
 
 PL. VI. GRANT. M -75, Wt. 87 
 
 !t c5V 
 
 EDEN. M "85, Wt. 174 
 
 „ but J^J^v^ 
 STEUART. M So, Wt. 174 
 
 „ but (jbl 
 GRANT. M -65, Wt. 86 
 
 ,, but jit 
 
 51 -65, Wt. 
 
 
 EDEN. M -7, Wt.
 
 42 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear: 
 
 Month. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 M 
 
 227 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Lahore 
 
 45 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1008] 
 
 As 177. 
 
 M -7, Wt. 88 
 
 228 
 sq.i 
 
 )j 
 
 45 
 
 Bah- 
 
 man 
 
 [1008] 
 
 „ partly obliterated. 
 
 C UNNINQHA M. -51 -35 , Wt, 19 
 
 229 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 46 
 
 Tir 
 [100!)] 
 
 » 
 
 m -85. Wt. 176 
 
 230 
 
 Patnah 
 
 46 
 
 Adhur 
 [1009] 
 
 » 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -Q, Wt. 170 
 
 231 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Kabul 
 
 46 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1009] 
 
 » 
 
 GSANT. M -7, Wt. 87 
 
 232 
 
 Lahore 
 
 46 
 
 Khur- 
 
 dad 
 [1009] 
 
 j> 
 
 PANJ. ARCS. SUBV. M S. Wt. 175
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 43 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 233 
 
 Tear: 
 Month, 
 
 Lahore 46 
 
 Adhur 
 [1009] 
 
 234 
 
 235 Ahmad, 
 abad 
 
 46 
 
 Dai 
 [1009] 
 
 47 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 [lOlOj 
 
 236 
 
 237 
 
 Kabul 
 
 47 
 
 Mihr 
 [1010] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 177. 
 
 47 
 
 Adhur 
 [1010] 
 
 „ within square en- 
 
 closed in ornamented diamond 
 border. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Pl. VI, GRANT. M S, Wt. 44 
 
 M ^i 
 
 STEUABT. M -65, Wt. 
 
 J I 
 
 
 As 177. 
 
 ^ -8, Wt. 175 
 
 Within octagon enclosed in 
 ornamented border, 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M S, Wt. 175 
 
 
 GRANT. M -7, Wt. 88
 
 u 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOJRS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 238 
 
 239 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 240 
 
 241 
 
 242 
 
 243 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 47 
 
 Khiir- 
 
 dad 
 
 [1010] 
 
 47 
 
 Aban 
 [1010] 
 
 Burhan 
 pur 
 
 Lahore 
 
 47 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1010] 
 
 48 
 
 Mihr 
 [1011] 
 
 48 
 
 Amar- 
 
 dad 
 
 [1011] 
 
 48 
 Aban 
 [1011] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 177, border as 236. 
 
 As 177. 
 
 ,, border as 236. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Octagon and border as on 236. 
 
 Pl. VI. GRANT. M S, Wt. 171 
 I.O.C. M % wt. 87 
 
 „ but ^Ji 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -65, Wt. 87 
 ^y)! oU j^ 
 
 Pl.VI. CUNNINGHAM. jR-75,Wt.l77 
 J3 fc*^ f^A 
 
 Border as 236. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M S, Wt. 175 
 
 „ but ^JL\ 
 
 Pl.VI. CUNNINGHAM. M-65,Wt.86
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 45 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 Month. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 M 
 
 244 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Lahore 
 
 48 
 
 Aban 
 [lOUj 
 
 As 177, without border. 
 
 As 243, but without border. 
 
 GRANT. M -55, Wt. 87 
 
 244« 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 >) 
 
 As 177, border as 236. 
 
 As 243 ; border as 236. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 STUBBS. M -55, Wt. 86 
 
 245 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Kabul 
 
 49 
 
 Abiia 
 [1012J 
 
 » 
 
 ,1' O^ ^< 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -7, Wt. 86 
 
 246 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 )> 
 
 [4]9 
 Dai 
 
 [1012] 
 
 >> 
 
 GRANT. M -7, Wt. 88 
 
 247 
 
 Lahore 
 
 49 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 [1012] 
 
 „ border as 236. 
 
 .-^ ... , « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 w'j.-tf 
 
 
 
 
 
 Border as 236. 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 248 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 j> 
 
 49 
 
 Aban 
 [1012] 
 
 )) » 
 
 „ „ but oW' 
 
 THOMAS M -65, Wt. 88 
 
 249 
 
 sq. 
 
 Patnah? 
 
 49 
 
 Far- 
 
 war- 
 
 di'n 
 
 [1012] 
 
 ,, without border. 
 
 MARSDEN. M "6, Wt. 174
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 250 
 
 Agrah 
 
 251 
 
 Lahore 
 
 252 
 
 sq. 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 50 
 
 A mar- 
 dad 
 [1013] 
 
 50 
 
 Far- 
 
 war- 
 
 din 
 
 [1013] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 177, octagonal border, 
 with quatrefoils outside. 
 
 border as 236 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 »/— ^' a. 
 
 Border as obv. 
 
 Pl. VI. .St 10, "Wt. 176 
 
 Border as 236. 
 
 GBANT. M -a. Wt. 174 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -75, Wt. 175
 
 AEBAB. 
 
 47 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear : 
 
 Month. 
 
 Obvr. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 
 
 Ill.-GUJARAT FABRIC. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 2o2a 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 992 
 
 Within dotted square, 
 
 dlwjlj 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 aJUI n)! Ail ^j 
 
 i^jU >^^l 
 
 
 
 
 
 cr- 
 
 
 
 
 A-AJI J^^J 
 
 Pt, VII. GRANT. M -65, Wt. 83 
 
 252b 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 997 
 
 5) 
 
 „ but ^ ^ V 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. VII. M '6, Wt. 83 
 
 
 
 
 Late Imitations. 
 
 252c 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 1215 
 
 f> 
 
 „ but 1 r 1 B over J'i)L». 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. VII. M -6, Wt. 87 
 CO 
 
 252i 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 „ but — 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 MARSBEN. M -6, Wt. 87 
 00 
 
 252e 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 )i 
 
 >> 
 
 „ but — 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 GRANT. M -e, Wt. 82 
 
 252/ 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 
 >> 
 
 „ but within dotted square ; 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 over > of dl.w.3b ; no 
 numerals over J'i)L^ 
 
 GRANT. M -6, Wt. 82 
 
 2525r 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 » 
 
 „ X over jLo.a»^ 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 MARSDEN. M '6, Wt. 87
 
 48 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 
 zoZh 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 253 
 
 
 sq. 
 
 4 
 
 
 254- 
 
 Allah- 
 
 2545 
 
 abiid 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 Obv. 
 
 As 252a. 
 
 Within dotted square, 
 aJUI 
 
 ib\ All 
 
 45: , 
 
 
 3^>^ 
 
 Kev. 
 
 As 252a ; no d or X 
 
 M -55, Wt, 44 
 I.O.C. M -4. Wt. 44 
 
 3b 9,jt; oU 
 
 JJ 
 
 Pl. VII. EDEN. M -9, Wt. 177 
 M '9, Wt. 175 
 M -8, Wt. 176
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. Year. 
 
 255 
 
 Nanidl 963 
 
 256 „ 965 
 
 257 
 
 — 966 
 
 258 Lahore 97a; 
 
 259 
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 49 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 IV. COPPER. 
 A. WITH HIJRAH YEARS. 
 
 
 J3 , A_JLJt 
 
 
 Narndl 980 As 255. 
 
 260 
 
 mint obscure. 
 
 Pi.VII. PANJ.AECH.SURV. 2E -Q 
 
 >, but ^ 1 g 
 
 iE -85 
 
 Pl.VII. FANJ.ARCH.8VSV. M-9 
 Pl. VII. THEOBALD. M '8 
 
 .iJU-i. 
 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 M -76
 
 50 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEROBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Obr. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 2(Jl 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 982 
 
 
 I ."-., ,t „ ,ft 
 
 
 ^^LS w>^— O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. .; .^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. VII, HAY. ^ -85 
 
 262 
 
 Narnol 
 
 982 
 
 As 255. 
 
 FAN J. ARCH. SURV. M -8 
 
 263 
 
 Dogam 
 
 983 
 
 
 
 ^Ar 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. VII. If^r. ^ -8 
 
 264 
 
 Malpur 
 
 985 
 
 
 [^]Aa 
 
 Pl. VII. PANJ. ARCH. SURV. M '85 
 
 265 
 
 
 987 
 
 
 3 ^AV 
 
 jE -75
 
 AKBAB. 
 
 51 
 
 No. 
 
 JE 
 266 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Fatbpui 
 
 Year. 
 
 987 
 
 267 
 
 268 
 
 987 
 
 Fathpui 
 
 269 
 
 270 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 988 
 
 98x 
 
 Jaun- 
 piir 
 
 98.^; 
 
 Obv. 
 
 b 
 
 AxLkJi].... 
 1^3 — ^ — ^ 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 ^ AV 
 Pl. VII. MARSDEN. M 9 
 
 ^ AV 
 
 MARSDEN. JE '85 
 •^ AA 
 
 P^iV^J". ^aCfl" SURV. ^ -85 
 Pl, VII. PAKJ. ARCH. SURV, M -9
 
 52 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 271 
 
 272 
 
 273 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Dogam 
 
 Year, 
 
 994 
 
 Gwalior dxx 
 
 Urdu- 
 
 Zafar- 
 Karin 
 
 1000 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Jl^ A l_a_ 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 JV^ 
 
 3 ^^[— ' 
 3 ^^^ 
 
 PANJ. ARCS. SURV. M 85 
 
 ' ^ 
 
 Pl.vii, PAyj.ARcn.svRp; m-q 
 
 • Pl. VII. THEOBALD. ]?. -85
 
 AKBAE. 
 
 53 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year : 
 Month. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 
 
 B. WITH ILAHT YEARS. 
 
 M 
 273a 
 
 Allah- 
 abad 
 
 31 
 
 Mihr 
 [994] 
 
 
 A 1 ... 
 
 pl.vii, pans. arch. surv. m-m 
 
 274 
 
 Kabul 
 
 32 
 
 [995] 
 
 
 Pt. VII. GRANT. M -7 
 
 274a 
 
 J) 
 
 33 
 
 [996] 
 
 jj 
 
 „ but rr 
 
 GRANT. ^ 75 
 
 275 
 
 Lahore 
 
 36 
 
 Dai 
 
 [999] 
 
 
 Ft. VII. M -6 
 
 276 
 
 Narnol? 
 
 36 
 
 [999] 
 
 Am 
 
 ^Vi . • . 
 
 £Di:i\^. ^ -7 
 
 277 
 
 Multan 
 
 37 
 
 Dai 
 
 [1000] 
 
 
 
 278 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 38 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 [1001] 
 
 
 P^3V. JliJCiT. 6' Tier. M -8
 
 54 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 279 
 
 279a 
 
 280 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month 
 
 Lahore 
 
 281 
 
 281a 
 
 282 
 
 283 
 
 284 
 
 Bairji- 
 tah 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Agrah 
 
 39 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 dia 
 
 [1002] 
 
 43 
 
 Tir 
 [1006] 
 
 44 
 
 A mar. 
 
 dad 
 
 [1007] 
 
 42-4 
 
 Dai 
 
 46 
 
 Aban 
 [1009] 
 
 47 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 [1010] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 jbUti j*^\ dSjJi 
 
 aJ!, 
 
 "ri/"*^ 
 
 
 Kev. 
 
 
 HAY. ^ 
 
 
 JE -55 
 
 (TanAra.) PLAYFAIR. M 1*2 
 
 ,, but month . . . t dU 
 
 (Tanitu.) JE, 1*2 
 (Taw/ta.) HAY. ^ -9 
 
 c^iJMfr 
 
 Pt. VII. P^liVV. .'liZCif. SVEV. M -45 
 Pt.Vir. (Tujo <a»/i:a«.) EDES. M -65 
 
 (Tti'o fankim.) 
 
 PAi\J. ARCH. SURr. JE "8
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 55 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year : 
 Month 
 
 Obr. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 285 ' Ao^rah 
 
 47 
 
 Ti'r 
 [1010] 
 
 li >.£5l 
 
 ci.zl2: 
 
 .CiU ^L. 
 
 286 
 
 287 
 
 287a 
 
 287& 
 
 47 
 
 Abiin 
 [lOlol 
 
 ix 
 
 50 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 
 [1013] 
 
 Khiir- 
 dad 
 
 In centre, within orna- 
 mented border, 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 
 (0«e /ania.) M "55 
 
 „ but ^^jbt 
 
 { Two tanl-as.) GRANT. M '6 
 
 P 
 
 Pl. VII. EDEN. M -6 
 
 (Ttt-o /««Ara8.) EDEN. M "7 
 
 d 
 
 {Tanka.) EDEN. M '5
 
 ( 56 ) 
 
 IV.-NUR-AD-DIN JAHANGIR. 
 
 A.H. 1014— 1037 = A.D. 1605—1627. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 Month 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 -AS GOVERNOR, WITH NAME SALllvi. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 288 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 din 
 
 2 
 
 ^^'^ Jj J :» ^J 
 
 Rev. ^^y-^JU- 
 
 r 
 
 Pl. VIII. CUNKINOEAM. M 75, Wt. 176 
 
 289 
 
 >> 
 
 Khur- 
 dad 
 
 9 
 
 Obv. as 288. 
 
 Rev. as 288 : but ibj^ci. 
 
 r 
 
 GIBBS. M -76, Wt. 172 
 

 
 JAHANGin. 
 
 67 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 N 
 
 290 
 
 Year : 
 Month. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1015 
 
 Obv. 
 
 291 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1015 
 
 Rev 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 II.-AS EMPEROR. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 I. — Without Porteaits, &c. 
 
 «t« 
 
 >3 >t^ 
 
 ^. 
 
 
 ,1.19. 
 
 
 l^,e>. ^^1 J3J 
 
 Pl. Vin. CUNNINGHAM. AT -85, Wt. 202 
 
 dJUt 
 
 »X e- 
 
 A—) !l J^ .J 
 
 '.19 . • 
 
 j^A-N) 
 
 c2 
 
 I 
 
 Pt. Vin. CVNNINGHAM. Jf -9, Wt. 202 
 I
 
 68 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year; 
 Month. 
 
 292 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1015 
 
 293 
 sq. 
 
 294 
 6q. 
 
 295 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1016 
 
 1017 
 
 296 
 
 1018 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^ol.«^ >-v-^ '^^ 
 
 3J 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1-19 
 
 J i C '■ 
 
 Pi,. VIII. CUNNINGEAM. Jf '9, Wt. 202 
 
 As 292 : but arrangement of obv. inscription slightly 
 varied, and aj^ omitted on rev. 
 
 CVNNINQSAM. Jf -85, Wt. 201 
 
 As 293 : but I . M, and r above j.*£3l 
 
 Pl. VIII. bush. jV -0, wt. 201 
 
 Obv. r ■ c^ 
 
 3>- 
 
 d,^ £»! 
 
 .Iv 
 
 ji ;>j xJL^ 
 
 Rev, as 292 : arrangement varied, year of reign at 
 left side F 
 
 Pl. Vin. CUNNINOHAM. JT VO, Wt. 211 
 
 As 295 : but | . j A and year o£ reign 8 
 
 8TUBBS. J) 10, Wt. 211
 
 JAHANGIB. 
 
 59 
 
 No. 
 
 T,.. , Year: 
 Miiit- Month 
 
 N 
 
 297 
 
 Agrah 
 
 298 
 
 299 
 
 300 
 
 1020 
 
 Milir 
 
 Ob v., within scalloped border, 
 
 I • r ♦ oU 
 
 1021 
 
 Mihr 
 
 1021 
 Dai 
 
 Rev,, within octagonal border, 
 
 1022 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 
 PL. VIII. CVNNINaHAM. N -95, Wt. 168 
 
 As 297 : but eightfoil borders, and beneath obv., A-i-w 
 
 i.ri 
 
 iV -95, "Wt. 16 
 
 Obv., within double dotted border. 
 
 Rev. as 297, but leaf border. 
 
 Obv., within double dotted border, 
 ^1 ^>^ 
 
 GSANT. Jf -9, Wt. 167 
 
 I .rr 
 
 Rev. as 297, but double dotted border. 
 
 Pl. VIII. CUNNINQHAM. N -95, Wt. 168
 
 60 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No; 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year: 
 Month. 
 
 "3 u 
 
 
 
 
 1 , 
 
 301 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1024 
 
 Ardi- 
 
 bihist 
 
 10 
 
 As 300: but aJ. », 
 
 MARSDEN. N -85. Wt. 16S 
 
 302 
 
 Ajmi'r 
 
 1025 
 
 
 Obv. v*W C>i>, 
 
 O^' j^ >j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Uev. oU^b j„^l ^1 ^Si 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 «Ur 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. VIII. CUNNINGHAM. iV yo, Wt. 168 
 
 303 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1025 
 
 Aban 
 
 11 
 
 Obv. ^^1 ^j\j\ oU 
 
 1 •re 
 
 Kev. as 297. 
 
 j>r -75, Wt. 165 
 
 1 
 !304 
 
 1 
 
 )i 
 
 1026 
 
 Mihr 
 
 12 
 
 Obv., within double dotted border, 
 f*-J' ^4-0 dU 
 
 ir 
 i.n 
 
 Rev. as 297 : but border of dots. 
 
 >V 9, Wt. 166;
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 61 
 
 No. 
 
 305 
 
 306 
 
 307 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrali 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Year ; 
 
 Month, 
 
 1028 
 
 U 
 
 1028 
 
 1029 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 15 
 
 Rev. 
 
 oW*-^ 
 
 5-i 
 
 JbL 
 
 O'^ ■* . U**:i /V"* t;^ 
 
 li^ 
 
 L> i 
 
 
 sj^) J5^ 
 
 w« 
 
 Ol ^ ^ 
 
 Pl. IX. {Five mohrt.) I.O.C. N 1-45, Wt. 843 
 I 
 
 " l.rA 11* 
 
 ^Ly-a-U j^^l 
 
 U.W ti*Sl d\mMt >aXJI 
 
 >* 
 
 ^jXJVy*^ 
 
 Pl. VIII. MAESDBN. ^ "SS, "Wt. 168 
 
 As 306 : but I . r Wnd I a 
 
 TSINSEP. iV 'SS, Wt. 168
 
 62 
 
 MOQEUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 308 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Jahaa- 
 
 girna- 
 
 gar 
 
 Year 
 Month. 
 
 [1033-4J 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 
 309 Patnah 
 
 310 
 
 311 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Burban- 
 pur 
 
 5) a 
 
 19 
 
 1035 20 Obv 
 
 Bah- 
 maa 
 
 1036 
 
 Aban 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 297. 
 
 22 
 
 Rev. as 297. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 liev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. as 297. 
 
 
 ■^j-^ 
 
 Pl. VIII. 1.0. C. N -6, Wt. 167 
 
 i.rs 
 
 GBANT. N -65, Wt. 167 
 
 I 
 
 
 JJJ i^ >^ i 
 
 J = ^— ^ 
 
 i.n 
 
 Fl. VIII. ^ -85, wt. 168 
 
 fV^' U 
 
 LjI 
 
 
 [>-i] 
 
 Pl. VIII. PBINSEP. K '65, Wt. 167
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 63 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 . 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 II. — ^WlTH PORTBAIT OF jAHANOfE. 
 
 312 
 
 1 
 ! 
 
 
 1020 
 
 6 
 
 Obv. Bust of Jahanglr, to left, radiate, wearing 
 turban with egret (jikkah), and brocaded 
 dress, and holding the Book in his hand: 
 at left dlw ^*^^ *^ j^^**" *!^ '• 
 at right, ^^^X«^ 1 A^ 
 
 Rev. Lion to left, surmounted by setting sun : 
 
 i.r. 
 beneath, ^j.^A> A-i-^ 
 
 Pt. IX. MARSDEN. N '9, Wt. 168 
 
 313 
 
 
 ji 
 
 ») 
 
 Same : but lion to right. 
 
 PL. IX. MARSDEN. JT % Wt. 168 
 
 314 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Same : but holding fruit in left hand in front of mouth, 
 and resting right hand on left forearm ; lion to right. 
 
 Pt. IX. FAYNE KNIGST. J^ -85, Wt. 168 
 
 315, 
 
 _ 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Same : but holding goblet in right hand in front of eyes, 
 
 316 
 
 
 
 
 and the Book in left ; ^^.i instead of "1 ; lion to right. 
 
 Pl. IX. PAYNE KNIGMT. JT -85, Wt. 169 
 (Ringed.) MAMSBEN. AT -85 
 
 317 
 
 
 1021 
 
 7 
 
 Obv. Jahanglr, nimbate, seated cross-legged on throne^ 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 head to left, and goblet in right hand. 
 Rev., within ornamented eightfoil, 
 
 \ V P- 
 
 i.ri O-jjkJl j^ 
 
 V 
 
 Pl. IX. iV 45, Wt. 42 
 
 
 

 
 64 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 318 
 
 Mint. 
 
 ^j' 
 
 Year, 
 
 1023 
 
 a s 
 
 be <o 
 
 319, 
 320, 
 321 
 
 Obv. Jehangir, nimbate, seated cross-legged on throne, 
 head to left, and goblet in right hand. 
 
 A 
 
 Rev. In centre, lion to right surmounted by sun. 
 Beneath, | ♦ T T 
 Around, dli oUj ^j^ oli ^^*«^i ji AJw j>i' jjj ij 
 
 Pl. IX. PATNE KNIGHT. JT 75, Wt. 169 
 
 Obv. as 318, but 
 
 At right : J^y^ >j^ jj <*^ j-i L«a5 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^i*£»t dJJtj ^Sj\,^ y^eju^ 
 
 /■ ; ■■»- 
 
 .1 i 
 
 I ♦ rr i Sun I ^ 
 
 ^1^-j ^.w ^>c j> Jjl J_3jJ 
 
 Pl. IX. I.O.C. N -8, "Wt. 168 
 
 BIBB, jr -8, Wt. 163 
 
 MASSDEN. Jf -e, Wt. 168
 
 JAHANOIR. 
 
 65 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 322 
 
 Asrrah 
 
 1028 
 
 14 
 
 32i 
 
 324, 
 325, 
 326 
 
 1030 
 
 16 
 
 1028 
 
 14 
 
 Zodiacal 
 
 sign. 
 
 Aries 
 
 Taurus 
 
 III. — With Zodiacal Signs. 
 
 Obv. Earn skipping, to left, surmounted by 
 sun : beneath, 
 
 If 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 .^\ 
 
 V ;.; Sb 
 
 Pl. X. MABSDEN. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 As 322, but no inscription on obv. ; and ( . T ♦ 
 and I 1 on rev. 
 
 Ft. X, MAESDEN. jV -8, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. Humped bull, standing, to left, sur- 
 rounded by solar rays. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 aJU — » 
 
 11^ JJ 
 
 Pl. X. I.O.C. ir -85. "Wt. 168 
 
 PL. X. MABSDEN. ^ -8,1 Wt. 168 
 
 iV -86, Wt. 166
 
 66 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 EC ''^- 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 
 N- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 328 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1030 
 
 16 
 
 Taurus 
 
 Obv. as 324 : but bull to right. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but years | . r . and M 
 
 iV -85, Wt. 163 
 Pl. X. MABSDEN. iV -8, "Wt. 163 
 
 329 
 
 )> 
 
 1032 
 
 18 
 
 >> 
 
 As 327 : but years | . r T^and | A 
 
 PAYNE KNIORT. Jf -85, Wt. 168 
 
 330 
 
 >> 
 
 1029 
 
 15 
 
 Gemini 
 
 Obv. Two naked male figures embracing, sur- 
 rounded by solar rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322, but I ♦ T ^ and | 9 
 
 FATNE KNIGHT. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 331 
 
 >> 
 
 1031 
 
 IG 
 
 j> 
 
 As 330 : but twins smaller, differently posed, 
 and brandishing one a mace, the other a pair 
 of weights (?) ; on reverse, | * Tl and | 1 
 
 Pl. X. I.O.C. N' -8, Wt. 163 
 
 382 
 
 >> 
 
 1032 
 
 18 
 
 >j 
 
 As 330: but I ♦TT and |a 
 
 Pl. X. GEOB&E III. S. N -8, Wt. 163 
 
 333 
 
 » 
 
 1033 
 
 19 
 
 f> 
 
 As 330 : but | ♦ rr and 1 \ 
 
 MARSDEN. Jf -8, Wt. 169 
 
 333a 
 
 >> 
 
 1029 
 
 15 
 
 Cancer 
 
 Obv. Crab, erect, surmounted by sun ; five 
 
 3336 
 
 
 
 
 
 stars in field, and six on back of 
 crab ; beneath, 1 o 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but I ♦ T ^ 
 
 PL. X. PAYNE KNIGHT ^ -8, Wt. 169 
 MASSDEN. tr -8, Wt. 168
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 67 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 333c 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Tear. 
 
 1030 
 
 s ^ Zodiacal 
 
 ^ !>> Sign. 
 
 334 
 
 335 
 
 33G 
 
 337 
 
 16 
 
 1028 
 
 1029 
 
 Cancer 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 1031 17 
 
 1031 
 
 17 
 
 Leo 
 
 As 333« : but nothing beneath obv. and no 
 pellets on back of crab ; on rev., years 
 I . r • and I 1 ; ^^t above olw . 
 (Rude work.*) 
 
 Pl. X. iV -8, Wt. 1G2 
 
 Obv. Lion passant to right, surrounded bj 
 solar rays ; in front a.w 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but j ♦ T A 
 
 Pl. X. MARSBEN. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 As 334 : but dJ^, and [ I ] ♦ P ^ 
 
 CUNNIN&S.AM. Jf .75, Wt. 168 
 
 As 334 : but inscription on obv. effaced^ and 
 I ♦ r I and I V on rev. 
 
 PAYNE KNIGST. iV -8, Wt. 168 
 
 As 334 : but lion to left, no inscription on obv. : 
 I « r I and I V on rev. 
 
 Pl. X. PAYNE KNIGRT. JT s, Wt. 163 
 
 * Three of these Zodiacal niohrs exhibit very rude 
 workmanship, 333c, 339 and 3-16^ : all these are of the 
 year 1030, and 16 of reign, and all arrange the top of 
 
 reverse » 
 
 l.£^i instead of ^^£
 
 68 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 338 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Year. 
 
 1028 
 
 14 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 339 
 
 340 
 
 341 
 
 342 
 
 Virgo 
 
 1030 
 
 16 
 
 1031 
 
 16 
 
 1033 
 
 19 
 
 1028 
 
 14 
 
 Libra 
 
 Obv. Winged woman, standing, back forwards, 
 
 face to left, surrounded by solar rays, 
 
 ear of corn in right hand, left arm 
 
 \^ 
 raised : at left, aw 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but | ♦ r A 
 
 I.O.C. J^ -8, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. Woman squatting, with long braid o£ 
 hair hanging down her back ; bud in 
 right hand ; solar rays on each side. 
 
 Rev. as 322: but I .T. and M; and 
 j*^\ above olw 
 
 (Rude work.) 
 
 Pi.. X. CRACRERODE. Jf S, Wt, 168 
 
 Obv. Woman with pitcher on head supported 
 by one hand, numerous dots in field, 
 border of solar rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322: but | .Tl and H 
 
 Pl. X. PATNE KNIGHT. N' -85, Wt. 167 
 
 As 339 : but I *rr and I \ 
 
 Pl. X. PATNE ENIGMT. JT' S, Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. Scales and weights, with solar rays 
 round beam. 
 
 Rev. as 324. 
 
 I.O.C. if -8, Wt. 167
 
 JAHANQIR. 
 
 69 
 
 
 
 
 — 1 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year. 
 
 o3 ,. 
 
 bo S 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 343 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1030 
 
 16 
 
 Libra 
 
 Obv. as 342 : Rev. as 322, but | ♦ T ♦ and M 
 
 Pl. X. GEOEGE III. R. JT '85, Wt. 169 
 
 344 
 
 >) 
 
 1032 
 
 18 
 
 )> 
 
 As 343: but 1 ♦rr and | A 
 
 MARSDEN. Jr -85, Wt. 16i) 
 
 345 
 
 )) 
 
 1033 
 
 19 
 
 >) 
 
 As 343 : but 1 • rr and 1 ^ 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. N -8, Wt. 169 
 
 346 
 
 )j 
 
 1030 
 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Obv. Scorpion surrounded by solar rays. 
 Rev. as 322 : but 1 ♦ T ♦ 
 
 Pl. X. PAYNE KNIGHT. JT 8, Wt. 169 
 
 346a 
 
 )) 
 
 n 
 
 Cl]6 
 
 jj 
 
 As 346 : but solar rays on back only, scorpion 
 varied ; and on rev., j*^\ above oU», \ *r * 
 and ( "1 
 (Rude work.) 
 
 Pl. X. MABSDEN. Jf -8, Wt. l&l 
 
 347 
 
 T> 
 
 1032 
 
 17 
 
 )) 
 
 As 346 : but 1 .Tf and (v 
 
 GEORGE III. R. N -8, Wt. 16S 
 
 348 
 
 n 
 
 1031 
 
 16 
 
 Sagit- 
 tarius 
 
 Obv. Centaur with stretched bow, aiming back- 
 wards, surrounded by solar rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but 1 • T 1 and I ^ 
 
 Pl. X. MARSDEN. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 349 
 
 )) 
 
 1032 
 
 17 
 
 )j 
 
 As 348 : but 1 • r r and I v 
 
 MARSDEN. N' -8, Wt. 167
 
 70 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 350 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Year. 
 
 1028 
 
 14 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 Capii- 
 cornus 
 
 1029 
 
 14 
 
 1030 
 
 1031 
 
 16 
 
 1032 
 
 1031 
 
 17 
 
 IG 
 
 Aqua- 
 rius 
 
 1032 
 
 18 
 
 Obv. Mythical monster, with forepart of goat 
 and tail of fish, surrounded by solar 
 rays. 
 
 Kev. as 324. 
 
 Obv. as 350. 
 
 Pl. X. LADY FRERE. iV -85, Wt. 168 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but I ♦ T ^ and \f' 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. ^ -75, Wt. 168 
 
 As 351 : but I •r* 
 
 I.O.C. y -8, Wt. 167 
 
 As 351 : but I .ri and ( 1 
 
 Pt. X. CUNNINGHAM. iV -85, Wt. 168 
 
 As 351 : but I 'Tr and | V 
 
 MABSBEN. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. Man with pitcher on right shoulder, 
 surrounded by solar rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but I • T I and | ^ 
 
 Pl. X. MAIiSDEN. N -85, Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. Man seated, with pitcher over shoulder, 
 whence pours a stream of water. 
 
 Rev, as 322 : but | 'Tr and |A 
 
 Pt. X. (Uude work.) MARSDEN. N -85, Wt. Itltt
 
 JAEANGIB. 
 
 71 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 a , 
 
 Zodiacal 
 
 sign. 
 
 
 357 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 
 
 Aqua- 
 rius 
 
 Obv. Water-bottle, surrounded by solar rays. 
 Rev. o^^^^i 
 
 r' i.-nf 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 1 'A ,'l., ..-. \ X a. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ji 5J '*-^-«' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. X. ^ % Wt. 167 
 
 358 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1028 
 
 13 
 
 Pisces 
 
 Obv. Two fish, heads to tails, surrounded by 
 solar rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but 1 ♦ T A and IT 
 
 Pl.. X. jV '85, Wt. 168 
 
 359 
 
 )) 
 
 1031 
 
 17 
 
 >> 
 
 As 358 : but 1 . r 1 and 1 V 
 
 I.OC. iV -8, Wt. 168 
 
 360 
 
 )) 
 
 1033 
 
 18 
 
 j> 
 
 As 358 : but 1 . rr and | A 
 
 MAMSBUN. N -8, Wt, 168 

 
 72 
 
 MOOEUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 «^- 
 
 M 
 
 sei- 
 ses 
 
 364, 
 
 3e5 
 
 Ahmad, 
 abad 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 1027 
 
 36G 
 
 13 
 
 Aries 
 
 Agrali 
 
 Taurus 
 
 1029 15 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 I. — With Zodiacal Signs. 
 
 ir 
 
 Obv. Ram as 322, but ^^Jl«^ <*-i~» 
 Rev. dlw^b 
 
 V ^ 
 
 MARSDEN. M S, Wt. 176 
 
 Pl. XI. BANKS. M -8, Wt. 174 
 
 MARSBEN. M -8, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. Forepart of bull to right, issuing from 
 
 ir 
 clouds, under sun ; beneath, ^^^Bf. <Cw 
 
 Rev. as 361. 
 
 Pl. XI. EDEN. M -8, Wt. 175 
 MABSBEN. M •», Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. Humped bull, standing to left, as 324, 
 surrounded by rays. 
 
 Rev. as 322, but years ) . r ^ and | 9 
 [Similar to mohr (as 324), but struck in silver.] 
 
 M -8, wt. 176 I
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 73 
 
 No. 
 
 367 
 
 Mint. Year, 
 
 Aorrah 
 
 368, 
 369 
 
 Ahmad- 1027 
 ubad 
 
 1033 19 
 
 370, 
 371 
 
 1 <^ 
 lo 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 Gemini 
 
 Obv. Twins as gold 330, rev. as 322; but 
 I , r*r and IV (-^ mohr struck in 
 silver). 
 
 M "85. Wt. 172 
 
 372, 
 373 
 
 Cancer 
 
 Obv. Twins embracing, seated, surrounded by 
 solar rays (different design from gold) ; 
 beneath, | T <*^««' 
 
 Rev. as 361. 
 
 (Year obscure.) MARSDEN. M -75, Wt. 174 
 PL. XI. M % Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. Crab, surmounted by sun, as 333a ; but 
 no stars oii back of crab. 
 Beneath, I T i4»w 
 
 Rev. 
 
 .^! 
 
 >L: 
 
 >L^ >.a.CJ 
 
 L 
 
 
 I .rv 
 
 jj 
 
 PL. XI. THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 176 
 MARSDEN. M -85, Wt. 171 
 
 Leo I Obv. Lion passant to left, stars on body ; 
 
 ir 
 behind, sun, as 337 ; beneath, tH>V A*-- 
 
 Rev. as 370. 
 
 MARSDEN. M SB, Wt. 17-1 
 FAYNE KNIGHT. M 85, Wt. 170 
 L
 
 74 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 374 
 
 375 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Year. 
 
 1027 
 
 1029 
 
 14 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Capri- 
 cornus 
 
 Scorpion, no sun. 
 
 Kev. as 370. 
 
 Pl. XI. MAESDEN. M -95. Wt. 168 
 
 Mythical goat, as 351. 
 
 (A mohr struck in silver.) 
 
 TSOMAS. M -8, Wt, 176
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 75 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 N 
 
 Year. 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 376 
 
 Agrali 
 
 377, 
 377a 
 
 1028 
 
 1032 
 
 ' IMITATIONS OF ZODIACAL ISSUES. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Cancer I Obv. Crab surrounded by rays ; no inscription. 
 
 Kev. as 322 : I . T A 
 
 PL. XI. MAESDEN. iV -85, Wt. 168 
 
 Leo 
 
 378 
 
 379 
 
 Obv. Lion, as 334 ; no inscription. 
 
 liev. as 322: but | .f^T 
 
 Pl. XI. MAMSBEN. J7' So, Wt. 165 
 I.O.C. N' -85, Wt. 165 
 
 If^ 
 
 1028 14 Virgo Obv. Winged woman, as 339 : but «U 
 
 Rev. as 322 : but | . Ta 
 
 Pl. XI. MAESDEN. ^ -85, Wt. 167 ; I 
 
 1033 17 
 
 OIiv. Winged woman dancing, holding flower 
 in left hand. 
 
 Kev. as 32 . j . Tr and 1 v 
 
 Pl. XI. MARSDE.X. N So, Wt. 167
 
 76 
 
 MOGRUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 03 >5 
 
 N 
 380 Agrah 
 
 1028 
 
 12 
 
 381 
 
 382 
 
 :83 
 
 384 
 
 1033 
 
 17 
 
 1031 
 
 16 
 
 1028 
 
 13 
 
 M >> 
 
 M 
 
 385 |Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1027 
 
 13 
 
 Zodiacal 
 sign. 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Sagit- 
 tarius 
 
 Capri- 
 cornus 
 
 Aqua- 
 rius 
 
 Obv. Scorpion, as 346. 
 Rev. as 322 : 1 . T a and | T 
 
 Pi,. XI, PAYNE KNIOBT. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. Centaur, as 348. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : | , rr and I | V {sic) 
 
 Pt. XI. PATNE KNIGHT. N -8, Wt. 169 
 
 Obv. Mythical goat, as 350. 
 Rev. as 322: I Xl and M 
 
 Pt. XI. MABSDEN. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. Man seated, as 356. 
 Rev. as 322: | . Ta and i T 
 
 Pt. XL N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 Pisces Obv. Two fisb, as 358. 
 
 Rev. as 322 : ) . T A and 1 P 
 
 Pt. XI. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Leo As 372. 
 
 Pt. XI. THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 176
 
 JABANGIE. 
 
 77 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year. 
 
 386 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1028 
 
 387 
 
 388, 
 389 
 
 390 
 
 391 
 
 392 
 
 p. SiZodiacal 
 sign 
 
 14 
 
 1029 
 
 1031 
 
 1029 
 
 1033 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 Ari 
 
 Taurus 
 
 IMITATION HALF-RUPEES. 
 
 {Struck from dies similar to, and often identical 
 ivith, tliose of the imitation gold molirs.) 
 
 As 322. 
 
 PL. XI. EDEN. M -8, Wt. 89 
 
 As 324. 
 
 Pl. XI. THOMAS. M S, Wt, 
 
 Gemini 
 
 Cancer 
 
 16 Leo 
 
 As 330, but I . r ^ and | g 
 
 PL. XI. CSACHEEODE. M S, Wt. 89 
 IIABSDEN. M -8, Wt, 89 
 
 As 322 : no inscr. on obv., but eleven stars ; 
 and years I , Tl and | v on rev. 
 
 Pl. XI. MAESDEN. M 8, Wt- 89 
 
 As 334 : but n and | « T ^ 
 
 Pl. XI. M 8, Wt. 
 
 As 334 : but no inscr. on obv., and j « fT and 
 t • I on rev, 
 
 2IARSDEN. M lo, Wt. 75 
 
 (This is more ancient than tlie other half- 
 rupees in this series.)
 
 78 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 393, 
 394 
 
 396 
 
 396 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Agrrah 
 
 Tear. 
 
 1033 
 
 a h\ Zodiacal 
 e >, Sign. I 
 
 17 
 
 1032' 18 
 
 1031 
 
 397 
 
 398 
 
 17 
 
 1028 12 
 
 Virgo I Dancing girl, as 379. 
 
 Libi'a 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 As 344. 
 
 Pl. XI. MARSDEN. Si. 8, Wt. 
 B. -8, Wt. 
 
 Pl. XI. M -8, Wt. 8S 
 
 As 344 : but I . r I and I V 
 
 (Struck in copper.) 
 
 FRUUDENTHAL. M So 
 
 1033 
 
 17 
 
 399 
 
 400 
 
 401 
 
 1028 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 As 380. 
 
 Sagit- I As 381. 
 tarius 
 
 Pl. XI. CRACHEEODE. S. '8, Wt. 89 
 
 Pl. XI. CEACREBODE. M S, Wt. 
 
 Capri- As 351 : but I X^ and | a 
 cornus 
 
 PL. XI. CSACIIEEODE. M S, Wt. 
 
 Aqua- 
 rius 
 
 As 383. 
 
 Pisces As 384. 
 
 Pl. XI. MARSDEN. M S, Wt. 89 
 
 Pl. XI. MARSDEN. MS, Wt.
 
 JABANQIR. 
 
 79 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. I Year. Uo g 
 
 402 
 
 Agrah 
 
 403 
 
 1014 
 
 II. — Without Zodiacal Signs. 
 Obv. oUj j^ JU 
 
 I. Ife 
 
 Rev. ol i 
 
 I 
 
 Pl. XII. CVNNINQBAM. M -85, Wt. 212 
 
 Obv. aJUI 
 
 4JJI Jj-jr, 
 
 Rev. /-'J^ 
 
 J"— < 
 
 Pi. XII. Cl'XKIKGBAM. M ST,, Wt. 210
 
 80 
 
 MOGHUL E3IPEB0ES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 1 f^ 
 
 Si 
 
 
 M 
 
 404 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 1014 
 
 - 
 
 As 402 : but j^Jjij^sl wJj-^> ^"d "0 regnal year. 
 
 Pl. XII. PANJ. ASCH. SURr. ^ 9, Wt. 212 
 
 405 
 
 Kabul 
 
 >> 
 
 1 
 
 As 403 : but 1 ♦ 1 f^ Jj\£s w>o 
 
 Pl, XII. CUNNINGHAM. M '7, Wt. 105 
 
 406 
 
 >> 
 
 1015 
 
 j> 
 
 As 405 : but | . | c 
 
 „ M -75, Wt. loe 
 
 407 
 
 >> 
 
 1015 
 
 Amar- 
 dad 
 
 1 
 
 As 403 : but | . | F JjI^ VJ^ 
 and 1 . 1 C ChJ^' j>» 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -75, Wt. 105 
 
 408 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1015 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 As 403 : but | . | a (still «U-) 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M '8, Wt. 211 
 
 409 
 
 )j 
 
 }> 
 
 2 
 
 As 402 : but 1 . 1 9 and T 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 211 
 
 410 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 >> 
 
 1 
 
 1 .1^ 1 
 
 As 402 : but jjCJ^^sI >^j^ , regnal year , dU—w 
 
 GRANT. M .85, Wt. 212 
 
 411 
 
 Abmad- 
 abad 
 
 j> 
 
 2 
 
 As 403 : but iLU^a-t 1 . 1 c ; and r on rev. 
 
 Pl. XII. GRANT. M .8, Wt. 212 
 1 ♦ U 
 
 412 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 j> 
 
 _ 
 
 As 402 : but ^Cjj-£»l w>^> no regnal year. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. JR -85, Wt. 212
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 81 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 41 ;3 
 
 Year 
 
 Month. 
 
 a 
 
 Patnah 
 
 414 Lahore 
 
 415 
 sq. 
 
 1015 
 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 1015 
 
 As 403 : but a^Zj >^j^ and T 
 
 Obv. 
 
 PL. XII. CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 212 
 
 ^U^ ^-V-^ "^^>-^ 
 
 416 
 sq. 
 
 417 
 
 418, 
 419 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagrar 
 
 V !;>-^ 
 
 .U t 
 
 'JJ^ 
 
 3j I • I 9 i^'^ ^j^ 
 
 Rev. as 402 : but | 4-iw beneath dti 
 
 Pl. XII, GRANT. M -95, Wt. 208 
 
 Obv. 
 
 J «L« 
 
 9j J-V* yi*>-Jj-J 
 
 <iLj, 
 
 lOlC 
 
 1.18 ^ !;»■> >t.:S>U 
 b jj ij J3 — A*^ 
 
 Rev. as 402 : but T over j.*^l 
 
 Pl. Xn. GRANT. M -9, Wt, 208 
 
 As 403 : but on obv. j^**^ I ♦ I 9 w>*« 
 
 r 
 
 on rev. a-w next to (^jlc at top. 
 
 THOMAS. M '85, Wt, 210 
 
 r 
 
 As 403 : but 3bU«a.t I ♦ n , and aj^ 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M % Wt, 210 
 
 I. n 
 
 As 402 : but j,CJj.*£9l wJ/-o, no regnal year. 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 212 
 
 „ .ai -ss, wt. 211 
 
 M
 
 82 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1 ^* 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 i. M r 
 
 420 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1016 
 
 2 
 
 As 403 : but j^A*^ VJ-^ ; ^"<^ i^ top line of rev. aJ»w 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 
 P^iVJ. 42 C£^. SVRV. M -9, Wt. 211 
 
 421, 
 
 99 
 
 
 3 
 
 As 415 : but 1 ♦ I 1 on obv., and r* over^*^! on rev. 
 
 422 
 
 
 
 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 
 
 GBANT. M -85, Wt. 205 
 
 
 
 
 M -So, Wt. 209 
 
 423 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1017 
 
 4 
 
 Obv. ^JL-.£9 dl. ,; J 
 
 ij "^ ^J— £3l 
 
 
 
 
 
 t r 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 ♦ 1 V ji jij A^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 402, but differently divided ; regnal year, f- 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M VQ, Wt. 216 
 
 424 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 
 5 
 
 Obv. je> 
 
 9 >-ftj^-j 
 Rev. j.SJ> 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 . 1 V oLi >t)Uj 
 
 
 
 
 
 A c 
 
 j>*'^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XII, GRANT. M I'D, Wt. 216
 
 JAHANQIB. 
 
 83 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 5) g 
 
 425 
 
 Ahmad- 1018 
 abad 
 
 426, 
 427 
 
 428 
 
 429 
 
 430, 
 431 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Lahore ,, 
 
 Obv. 
 
 dJt 
 
 •A -.o »'[l 
 
 ji AJ **— ^^ — • 
 
 I ♦ |A 
 
 Eev. as 402 : differently divided, regnal year c 
 
 Pl. Xn. CUNNINGHAM. M -9, "Wt. 221 
 
 As 423 : but I . I A and a 
 
 CVNNIN&RAM. M Vl, Wt. 215 
 PANJ. ARCH. SURV. M I'Oo, "Wt. 220 
 
 As 403 : but on obv. ( . | A <i*;j w'J'"*^' ^"^^ o^^ ^'^v. <iUw 
 
 J.O.C. .ai -85, wt. 211 
 
 As 424 : but 1 ♦ I A on rev. ; regnal year t^ on obv. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. B, VQ, Wt. 219 
 
 regnal year 9 on obv. 
 
 GRANT. M -95, Wt. 217 
 PANJ. ARCH. SUEV. M 95, Wt. 220
 
 84 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 432 
 sq. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Affrah 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month 
 
 1019 
 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 433 
 
 Kash- 
 mir 
 
 434 
 
 Lahore 
 
 435, 
 436 
 sq. 
 
 Obv., within highly ornamented borders. 
 
 1019 
 
 9 
 
 Rev., within borders as obv., 
 
 \ , ft. 
 
 U^^J 
 
 I.M 
 
 Pl. XU. THOMAS. M 'O, VVt. 220 
 
 As 402 : but I . I 
 
 1 ^<««'gP w)/m9 
 
 Pl. Xn. GRANT. M -85, Wt. 210 
 
 As 424 : but I . H and 8 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 220 
 
 As 432 : but j^*^ and j^\ after ol,i«^^ 
 8 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -8, Wt. 219 
 FANJ. AECR. SERV. M So, Wt. 220
 
 JAHANGIB. 
 
 85 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 "3 • 
 
 Si 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 437, 
 438 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1019 
 
 Bab- 
 man 
 
 5 
 
 Obv. j^d>^) jj 
 
 
 
 
 
 jyt A^ 05^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 v>*1r:' oU j^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. oli ^-^1 OJ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^v*?- Oi'^^hy 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 I'M ji^j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Border of wreath on each side. 
 
 
 
 
 
 EDEN. M 105, Wt. 216 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XII. PANJ. ARCH. SUBV. M VOS, Wt. 220 
 
 438« 
 
 — 
 
 1019 
 
 )> 
 
 As 403 : but mint obliterated, year . . M regnal year 
 
 a 
 
 PANJ. ARCH. SURV. M -8, Wt. 208 
 
 439 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1020 
 
 6 
 
 Obv., within cruciform borders, 
 
 sq. 
 
 
 Abiin 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 ♦ r ♦ j-e 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev., within circle, dL^ j-*^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 oLw >'aCJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^jj.)l jy 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XII. TE02IAS. M 'SS, Wt. 175
 
 86 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No, 
 
 M 
 
 440 
 
 441 
 
 sq. 
 
 442 
 
 sq. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Kanrla- 
 hiir 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 1020 
 
 1021 
 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 luiz 
 
 443 
 
 444 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Dehli 
 
 1021 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 
 a t 
 as '^■ 
 
 1021 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 
 1021 
 
 Mihr 
 
 As 403 : but. . . . j>i3 w»j-«i ; and on rev. 1 over j^ 
 
 Pl. XIII. GRANT, m, -85, Wt. 211 
 
 Obv., within wavy border, 
 
 CI 
 
 1 <*M<iJ ^ 
 
 0, £5 I i-lo 
 
 Eev. as 439, within octagon. 
 
 Obv., within wavy border, 
 
 V 
 
 Pl. XIII. EDEN. -9, Wt. 173 
 
 ^ "^ ^ } 
 
 l-rf 
 
 Eev. as 439. 
 
 01)V. 
 
 Pl. XIII. TnOMAS. M -8, Wt. 170 
 
 I . r I a; — :o V 
 
 Eev. as 439 : diflferently divided. 
 
 M -8, wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. as 439. 
 
 J I 
 
 >L 
 
 V I . r I 
 
 Pl. XIII. GOBDOK. M -76, Wt. 174
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 87 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear: 
 
 -Month. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 445, 
 446 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 1021 
 
 7 
 
 1 . ri 
 
 As 414 : but jL&j^J and V over jy 
 
 pl. XIII. p.4ivj^. 4 sea", susr. m -s, wt. 209 
 
 „ M -85, wt. 209 
 
 447 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 din 
 
 >> 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 Pl. XIII. S. -9, Wt. 173 
 
 448 
 
 )) 
 
 1021 
 
 Amar- 
 dad 
 
 » 
 
 As 447 : but month ^\^y^ 
 
 'EVEN. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 449 
 
 >) 
 
 1021 
 
 Isfan- 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 )> 
 
 As 447 : but month ^jljuiwl 
 
 PLATFAIB. M So, Wt. 175 
 
 450 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 1022 
 
 8 
 
 1 . rr 
 
 As 402 : but jU joS [»-;] ^-3 ; and A over jy 
 
 QRANT. Si -85, Wt. 210 
 
 451 
 
 }f 
 
 1023 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 
 j> 
 
 Obv., within circle, C«-«v^ 
 
 ^ A . 
 
 
 
 
 
 urr 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIII. THOMAS. M -9, Wt. 175
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 452 
 
 Miat. 
 
 Tear: 
 
 Month. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 453 
 
 A^rah 
 
 Dai 
 
 1023 
 
 Khiir- 
 dad 
 
 454 
 
 455 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 Lah 
 
 456 
 
 457 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 
 1023 „ 
 
 Tir 
 
 Ardi 
 biUist 
 
 QBANT. M -86, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Eev. as 439. 
 
 THOMAS. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 As 451 : but month j-J and regnal year ^ 
 
 EDEN. M -85, Wt. 178 
 
 Tfr 
 
 Dai 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 
 As 455 : but month j^ 
 
 Pl. XIII. GFANT. M So, Wt. 176 
 
 GEANT. M -So, Wt. 176 
 
 10 
 
 As 455 : but month j^i ; regnal year | ♦ 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -75, Wt. 175
 
 JAUANGin. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 458, 
 459 
 sq. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 bog 
 
 1025 11 
 
 Shah- 
 ri\var 
 
 460 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 1025 
 
 461 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1025j — 
 
 Aban 
 
 Obv., witbin square border, 
 
 91 wJj < ^ 
 
 I I 
 ^ -' 
 
 Rev. as 439, border as obv. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 CUNNINQHAM. M -75, Wt. 174 
 I.O.C. M -75, Wt. 176 
 
 .«-«-^ 
 
 V 
 
 JJ 
 
 a5C*- I . rc 
 
 .£3l 
 
 )l— W i-A-V.— 
 
 J~*- 
 
 1 1 
 
 Aw >oli jyj 
 
 PL. XIII. THEOBALD. &> -9, Wt. 177 
 
 
 •r-lJ-^ 
 
 PL. Xin. GRANT. M '3, Wt. 175 
 
 N
 
 90 
 
 MOGHUL EMPER0E8. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 462 
 
 463 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 Kash- 
 
 1025 
 
 Lahore 
 
 464 
 sq. 
 
 Asrrali 
 
 1026 
 
 Dai 
 
 465 
 
 sq. 
 
 11 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 402. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 11 
 
 „ 1026 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Ilev. as 439. 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -m, Wt. 205 
 
 J3 **^ 
 
 dL 
 
 J . £»! 
 
 1 1 
 
 Pl. Xin. CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 ^1 ^^> aU 
 
 l.n 
 
 THOMAS. M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 ^ 2 I As 464 : but regnal year | T , month ^ 
 
 EDEN. M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 466 Ahmad- 1026 — As 461 : but month ji! and year | . T 1 
 
 libad I -^zur I CUNNINGHAM M S, Wt. 177
 
 JAHANOm. 
 
 91 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 i'ear: 
 
 Month. 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 467 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1026 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 
 12 
 
 Obv. 
 Rev. 
 
 1 • , < •• 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 W Chi*^' ;y 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pt. XIII. .51 -7, Wt. 175 
 
 468 
 
 Tattah 
 
 1026 
 
 Khiir- 
 dad 
 
 )> 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 . n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIII. PANJ. arch. SURV. m, -S, wt. 176 
 
 469 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1026 
 
 >> 
 
 As 463 : but 1 . r 1 and 1 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 470, 
 471 
 
 Kan- 
 dahar 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1 . n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jl — Aji — Li 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 »1> M, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dt^> 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 >= — ^^ 
 
 1 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 THOMAS, m. -8, Wt. 174 
 aOVT. OF INDIA. M So, Wt. 175
 
 92 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 1^ 
 
 472 Kanda- 
 
 I har 
 
 Year: ^ g 
 
 Month. §f® 
 
 1027 13 
 
 473; Kabul „ l„? 
 
 Shah-j ■ 
 
 I riwarl 
 
 As 470: but I . rv and \r 
 
 Pl. XIII. PRI]\-sEP. M -8. Wt. 174 
 
 J^L£> I r (or r) 
 Eev. 
 
 474 
 sq. 
 
 Agi-ab '1027113 Ob v. 
 
 A ban 
 
 475 Ahmad- 1027| 
 abad I 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. as 402 ; but 
 
 Pi.. XIII. CUNNlXailAM. M -85. Wt. m 
 
 fvJ< O^^ L.0 
 
 ! . rv 
 
 CUNNINGUAM, M 75, Wt. 174 
 
 A)t 
 
 L;Lt Jl 
 
 I . rv 
 
 PL. XIV. CUNNINGHAM. M 85, Wt. 174
 
 JAHAXGIE: 
 
 93 
 
 No. 
 
 476 
 
 477 
 
 478 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 479 
 
 480 
 
 481, 
 
 482 
 
 483 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1027 13 
 
 Abiin 
 
 1027 
 
 1028 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 ir 
 
 rv^' O 
 
 4^Z> i*rv w)^.o 
 
 CUNNINGBAM. M S, Wt. 17 
 
 As 463: but [I .]rv and \r 
 
 GORDON. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1028 
 
 Khiir 
 dad 
 
 1028 
 
 Ainar 
 dad 
 
 1028 
 
 1029 
 
 14 
 
 As 475 : but | . Ta and regnal year nearly obliterated 
 
 [ir] 
 
 GIBBS. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 Same as 479 : but month i!>j-«l 
 
 As 470: but | . Ta and \]^ 
 
 As 475 : but I • T 1 aud | 
 
 FSiySEP. M -65, Wt. 17a 
 
 .31 -65, Wt. 17 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 174 
 M -8, Wt. 172 
 
 .31 -So, Wt. 176
 
 9i 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 485 
 
 Ahniad- 
 a.iad 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1029 
 
 1029 
 
 Shah 
 riwar 
 
 15 
 
 As 475 : but I . r ^ and | 9 
 
 CUNNINOHAM. M % Wt. 174 
 
 „ Obv. 
 
 
 48G 
 
 487 
 
 488 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 1029 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 14 As 470: but I . ri and 
 
 IF 
 
 » 151 
 
 Id 
 
 Lah 
 
 oi'e 
 
 „ Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 I • r =i ib 
 
 dl. 
 
 Amm* 
 
 -SI -7, Wt. 175 
 
 1,0. C. M •75, Wt, 171 
 
 GSANT. M -8, Wt. 176 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Ph. XIV. M -7, Wt, 175
 
 JAHANGm. 
 
 95 
 
 No. 
 
 489 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1030 
 
 Shah- 
 riwar 
 
 490 
 
 491 
 
 16 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 
 Kanda- 1030 15 
 har 
 
 Lahore 
 
 As 470 : but I . r . and A-«» 
 
 16 
 
 Obv. 
 
 11 
 
 Rev. 
 
 492, 
 493 
 
 494 
 
 495 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1031 
 
 16 
 
 M -75, Wt. 175 
 
 M -7'), Wt. 176 
 
 J — =-^-^ 
 I -r. 
 
 PL. XIV. ORANT. M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 n 
 
 As 475 ; but I . r I and 
 
 n 
 
 As 49 1 : but I . n and Aiw 
 
 GRANT. M 'So, Wt. 176 
 ^ -85, Wt. 176 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. S. -85, Wt. 176 
 
 17 1 As 491: but I ♦n and Aiw 
 
 THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 176
 
 96 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. I^T^I 
 
 Month, m ■ 
 
 M 
 
 496 
 
 497 
 
 Lah( 
 
 1032 
 
 Patnah 1033 18 
 
 17 
 
 As 491 : but <Uw and ( . T T 
 
 498 
 
 I«fan 
 dar- 
 miz 
 
 Surat 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1033 „ 
 
 499 Lahore 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1033 
 
 500 
 
 1034 
 
 6BANT. m, -85, Wt. 176 
 
 
 PRINSEP. M -75, Wt. 172 
 
 J M«['- 
 
 ^J> 
 
 ' ^«^ 
 
 I .rr 
 
 Pt. XIV. GRANT. M % Wt. 176 
 
 |A 
 
 As 491 : but «Uw and | . rr 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M 8, Wt. 176 
 
 19 
 
 As 491 : but <Uw and | . TP 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -8, Wt. 176
 
 JAHANOm. 
 
 97 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 501 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Jahan- 
 
 gir- 
 nagar 
 
 Vear: 
 
 Shah 
 riwar 
 
 19 
 
 502 Agrah 
 
 1035 21 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 503 
 
 504 
 
 505 
 
 Ahmad' 
 abad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 1035 
 
 1036 
 
 21 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 501. 
 
 J\ 
 
 w ol. 
 
 I I jiJC-jj.aCjI.., 
 
 di tj J. * a i 
 
 Pl, XIV. PRINSEP. m, 7, "Wt. 175 
 
 
 I .re 
 
 n J' 
 
 PRINSEP. M '85, Wt. 174 
 
 -^)l ^l_jt [dU 
 
 ri 
 
 As 491 : but <!Uw and | . 1^9 
 
 ri 
 
 MARSDEN. M 75, Wt. 173 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M SS, Wt. 175 
 
 As 491 : but a;,w and | .ri 
 
 P.IiVV. ^ffCH. STiJT". M -85, Wt. 176 
 O
 
 98 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 "3 ,• 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 506 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1036 
 
 22 
 
 rr 
 
 As 491 : but aw and | ♦ Tl 
 
 EDEN. M -9, Wt. 176 
 
 507 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1036 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 din 
 
 >> 
 
 i.n 
 Eev. as 439: no borders; differently arranged, 
 
 .51 75, Wt. 175 
 
 508 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1037 
 
 5> 
 
 rr 
 
 As 491 : but <Uw and | . Tv 
 
 GRANT. J& -85, Wt. 176 
 
 509 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 Par- 
 war- 
 d5n 
 
 — 
 
 As 476: but {sic) [^ij^ji and j,Cj^l ; instead of year, 
 a dagger. 
 
 EDEN. M •75, Wt. 176 
 
 510 
 
 Jahiln- 
 
 girna- 
 
 gar 
 
 Mlhr 
 
 20? 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 Pl. XIV. I.O.C. M -65, Wt. 170 
 
 511 
 
 Kanda- 
 har 
 
 IOjx 
 Far- 
 war- 
 dln 
 
 
 Obv. ^) 1 (sic) ijij^js olc 
 
 
 1 . . (?) 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 439. 
 
 
 
 
 
 EDEN. M -85, Wt. 174
 
 JAHANGIE. 
 
 99 
 
 No, 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 512 Agrali 
 
 1021 7 
 
 513 
 
 Surat 
 
 103C 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 COPPER. 
 
 V » 
 
 V j-o 
 
 I ♦ n 
 ■•* - -■■ 
 
 Pl. XIV. PLAYF.UR. M VQ 
 
 lll.-WITH NAME OF NUR-JAHAN. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Obv. ^Sj\sf. 
 
 Oj^W w'j'X 
 
 Rev. 
 
 *l- 
 
 .1- 
 
 i^:*. 
 
 
 Pl XIV. CUNNINGHAM. N -Ih, Wt. 106
 
 100 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEEOrxS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 514 
 
 515 
 
 516, 
 
 517 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Year. 
 
 1033 19 
 
 Ahmad- 
 
 abud 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1034 
 
 20 
 
 SILVER 
 
 As 513: but I .rr M 
 
 CUNNINQUAM. M 75, Wt. 173 
 
 As 513 : but on obv. [^jLitji^^l w>jm0 , 
 and year on rev. | . ^f- 
 
 Pi. XIV. THOMAS. M 75, Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. 
 
 5Cjl^ olw 
 
 J^ij 
 
 j\ Ji.-a C^Ij 
 
 AJ^ 
 
 • r. 
 
 oA^ 
 
 Rev 
 
 CH 
 
 >oOj 
 
 >L 
 
 Pl. XIV. CVA'NIKGHAM. M % Wt. 175 
 PHINSEP. M -8, Wt. 174
 
 JAHANGIB. 
 
 101 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 ^ 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 518 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1034 
 
 
 Obv. as 516. 
 
 Rev. j]^ j>\>'^ 
 
 i.rt= 
 
 Pl. XIV. MABSDEN. M 85, "Wt. 176 
 
 519 
 
 Surat 
 
 j> 
 
 2[0] 
 
 1 • rP 
 As 513: but A.,L.«, ^ 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIV. CUNNINGHAM. M -65, Wt. 85 
 
 As 513 : but A,..;..-, ^ 
 
 520 
 
 5 5 
 
 1035 
 
 2[1] 
 
 
 
 
 
 GEANT. M -8, Wt. 173 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 .n 
 
 521 
 
 5> 
 
 1036 
 
 
 As 513 : but A..;-~> 
 
 GRANT. M -8, Wt. 176 
 
 522 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1037 
 
 2[3] 
 
 As 513 : but 3ljU«.ei.l ^j.^ ; and ( . Tv r 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M S, Wt. 174 
 
 r r 
 
 523, 
 
 Agrah 
 
 5> 
 
 22 
 
 Obv. lye*. ol-i^^a^J 
 
 524 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 .rv 
 
 
 
 
 
 liev. voUj 
 
 .1 
 
 i^i uWjy 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o;.^t ^j-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIV. CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 172 
 
 
 
 
 
 £Z>iW. ^ -8, Wt. 175
 
 102 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 525 
 
 526 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Year, m* 
 
 1037 
 
 22 
 
 As 523 : but regnal year omitted on obv., and lowest 
 lines of rev., 
 
 PL. XIV. CUNNINGHAM. M 75, Wt. 174 
 
 As 525. 
 
 Pt. XIV. St. -65, Wt. 89
 
 ( 103 ) 
 
 D AWAR B AK H S H 
 
 USURPER. 
 
 A.H. 1037 = A.D. 1627-8. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 JR 
 
 527 
 
 Year, 
 
 Lahore 1037 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 J CI ^ ^ 
 
 d.JJI J^-x-J 
 
 
 (U* w ^) 
 
 J 
 
 Pl. XIV. GIBBS. M -85, Wt. 169
 
 ( 104 ) 
 
 V.-SHIHAB-AD-DIN SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 AH. 1037— 1068 = A.D. 1628—1658. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year : 
 
 Month. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 
 528 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1038 
 
 Ardi- 
 bihist 
 
 2 
 
 Obv. 
 
 A L)\ •s)! aJI -s) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a_-JI Jj ^; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ ^vJl iWl.A^.c.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eU c^--v^ i^ijl 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 jjl 6 ol ti\ } 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ ,j->)jJI wjLy-i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U Ol/-^ »«--»-»"^-«« 
 
 /.O.C. Jf -93, 
 
 Wt. 163 
 
 529 
 
 )) 
 
 1038 
 
 Khur- 
 (lad 
 
 }i 
 
 As 528: 
 
 but month ^'ij^i. 
 
 PL. XV. >v -9, 
 
 ■^t. IG-i
 
 8EAH-JAHAN. 
 
 105 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 N 
 530 
 
 Dawlat' 
 abad 
 
 Year: 
 
 531 
 
 Lahore 1039 „ 
 
 Aban 
 
 532 
 
 Obv. area, within ornamented diamond border, 
 A_XJI -N)! aJI -n) 
 
 Margin, ^Uic ^jjb j„o^ Jj^^ >Q j^j' Jj^-*:' 
 
 Rev. area, within eightfoil, 
 
 Margin, ^_^3U ^I^J | ^a-l-e jk^^a^ | O-:!*'^' [^'W^ 
 
 Pl. XV. DA CUNUA. N •», Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 err 
 
 ,)i j3— an; 
 
 >L.« lIjUI 
 
 Eev. as 528: but | .r^ 
 
 Ahmad-'1040 
 abad ^'^'■- 
 
 war- 
 di'n 
 
 MASSBEN. jr -85, Wt. 169 
 
 As 528 : but <U*j and month ^ij^ji ("^^'c) on obv. ; and 
 on rev. 1 ♦ [^ ♦ 
 
 J.O.C. iV -75, wt. 169 
 
 p
 
 106 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year : 
 
 Month. 
 
 533 
 
 Surat 
 
 534 
 
 535 
 
 Akbar- 
 abiid 
 
 Far- 
 war- 
 
 1042 
 
 As 528 : but no Hijrah year ; and lowest lines of obv., 
 
 I- 
 {sic) ^3j3>i 6\ 
 
 i.o.c. jr -ss, wt. 1C9 
 
 Obv. Area, within lozenge border, as 530, but no 
 regnal year. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^ O 1^ ^< W>L-y-W 
 
 V . >lj^ 
 
 I .^^r ^»— t-'j : — ^» 
 
 Pl. XV. iV -95, wt. 167 
 
 5 Obv. as 534. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^l— ^ ply 
 
 
 (Pierced.) .A^ ros
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 107 . 
 
 No. 
 
 536 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, jcg 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1042 
 
 537, 
 538 
 
 539 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Obv. as 530 : but area enclosed in circular border ; no 
 regnal year ; and | ♦ p T in margin. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 5l. 
 
 1043 
 
 540 
 
 V i 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 9 
 
 Pl. XV. PRINSEP. M -85, Wt, 169 
 
 As 534 : but I . t^r, and regnal year T on rev. 
 
 aSANT. jr -9, wt, 16J! 
 MAESBEN. jr -95, "Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. as 534. 
 
 Rev. Area, within diamond border, 
 
 1 
 
 I. Fr 
 Margin, | ^jU jjtp | w^».U^ j^a^ | ^jjJI w>l^.w 
 
 GMANT N -95, Wt. 168 
 
 As 539 : but square borders ; | *f-\^ in obv. area, and 
 mint j^^ji 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) PEIKSEP. N' '0
 
 108 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 541 
 
 542 
 sq. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 iear. sog 
 
 Ct3 '^ 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1043 
 
 543 
 
 1044 — 
 
 Obv. Area, within oval eightfoil border, 
 aJJ 
 
 Margin as 530. 
 Rev. Area, within oval eightfoil border, 
 
 Margin as 539. 
 
 Pt. XV. PRINSEP. J7 -85. Wt. IC 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 aJUl ^)l <lJI ^) 
 
 A-Jl-JI J3 ,j 
 
 ^Margin obliterated. 
 
 Rev. Area, within square, 
 
 ei 
 
 dLi»^l_> 
 
 Margin obliterated. 
 
 DA CUNHA. N -6, Wt. 166 
 
 As 539 : square borders, nearly obliterated ; year [| .]f^F 
 in obv. area ; mint obliterated. 
 
 iV -8, Wt. 169
 
 SEAH-JAHAN. 
 
 109 
 
 No. 
 
 544 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 545 
 
 546 
 
 54< 
 
 548 
 
 549 
 
 550 
 
 Year 
 
 1045 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 As 539 : square borders, 
 
 I . p a in obv. area ; 
 regnal year A in rev. area, 
 ibl,»»oi».t, in rev. margin. 
 
 Pl. XV. GUTHRIE. N -93, Wt. 169 
 
 1046 
 
 1047 
 
 1048 
 
 1049 
 
 1050 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 I f f^ a and A in rev. area. 
 
 BURGESS. Jf •d.'Wt. 168 
 
 „ square borders, 
 
 I .pi in obv. area, 
 1 in rev. area. 
 
 I.O.C. Jf -85, Wt. 168 
 
 I . pv and I I in rev. area. 
 
 BURGESS. N -95, Wt. 168 
 
 I ♦ [^A and I I in rev. area, 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) HAY. Jf -9 
 
 square borders, 
 
 I r in obv. margin, 
 
 'f-^ and obscure mint (^ jIov^) in rev. margin. 
 
 PL..XV. GOVT. OF INDIA. JT ■$, Wt. 169 
 
 . a • and I f^ in rev. area. 
 
 HAT, N' -85, Wt. 167
 
 110 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEEOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 14 
 
 
 N 
 551 
 
 Akbar- 
 abtid 
 
 1050 
 
 As 539 : 
 
 ) . a . and 1 1^ in rev. area. 
 
 Pl. XV. STUBBS. Jf -9, Wt. 168 
 
 552 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abad 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 » 
 
 1 .a. beneath rev. area; and ^blC-J^i in 
 margin. 
 
 DA CUNaA. JT -8. Wt. Ill 
 
 553 
 
 5) 
 
 1051 
 
 14 
 
 j> 
 
 1 . a 1 beneath rev. area ; 
 
 1 f- and i^[jl''[*]b[i] *->«» ii^ J'^v. margin. 
 
 N -8, wt. 168 
 
 554 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 j> 
 
 15 
 
 » 
 
 1 . a 1 and 1 in rev. area. 
 
 LADY FBEBE. Jf -85, Wt. 168 
 
 555 
 
 Burban- 
 pur 
 
 » 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 square borders ; 
 
 I ♦ a 1 in obv. area ; margins obscure. 
 
 I.O.C. N -85, wt. 164 
 
 556 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1052 
 
 16 
 
 )> 
 
 1 . a r and 1 "1 in rev. area. 
 
 LADY FBEBE. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 557 
 
 j> 
 
 1053 
 
 j> 
 
 » 
 
 1 ,ar and 1 1 in rev. area. 
 
 £r '9, wt. 166 
 
 558 
 
 >> 
 
 1056 
 
 19 
 
 >> 
 
 square borders ; 
 
 1 » 1 in obv. ai-ea, 
 
 I \ in rev. area. 
 
 FBINSEP. Jf -8, wt. 168 
 
 559 
 
 M 
 
 1057 
 
 21 
 
 >> 
 
 1 . a V and r 1 , both in rev. area. 
 
 (Barbarous.) MABSDEN. N 9, Wt. 167
 
 8BAH-JAHAN. 
 
 Ill 
 
 No. 
 
 5G0 
 sq. 
 
 561 
 
 562 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 563 
 
 B urban 
 pur 
 
 Year. 
 
 1057 
 
 [1059] 
 
 1060 
 
 1061 
 
 564 
 
 565 
 
 566 
 
 567 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 21 As 559. 
 
 25 
 
 1062 
 
 1063 
 
 1064 
 
 (Barbarous.) MARSBEN. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 As 539: no Hijrah year, but TT in rev. area. 
 
 TEAMES. N -95, Wt. 165 
 
 „ square borders ; 
 
 I ♦ 1 . in obv. area, 
 j^x>\a>jj rr in rev. margin. 
 
 MAItSBEN. N -85, Wt. 169 
 
 square borders ; 
 I ♦ 1 I in obv. area, 
 jjjjlftji-j r 6 in rev. margin. 
 
 I ♦ 1 I and r c in rev. area, 
 
 I . 1 r in obv. area, 
 r 1 in rev. area. 
 
 Pl. XV. iV -85, wt. 169 
 
 J^ '85, Wt. 168 
 
 FBOF. WILSON. N 75, Wt. 168 
 
 ( 1 r* (sic) and T v in obv. area, 
 
 n 
 
 iblC^'ja ^^-^ in rev. margin. 
 
 Pl. XV. LADT THESE. ^ -8, Wt. 169 
 
 I « *1 f^ in obv. area and T a in rev. area. 
 
 N -75, Wt. 168
 
 112 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 568 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 569 
 
 Year. 
 
 10G6 
 
 30 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abad 
 
 570 
 
 571 
 
 572 
 
 Multao 1068 
 
 1067 
 
 Dawlat 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 31 
 
 Obv. as 539 : within circle, in margin | . 1 *1 j 
 Rev. Area, as 539 : within circle, regnal year f^ * 
 Margin, oW ji TT-ib ^^'OW *^-^ aX~) 
 
 Pl. XV. MAESBEN. Jf 115, Wt. 168 
 
 As 539 : but in obv. area, 
 
 I . 1 V and r • 
 mint in rev. margin, 
 
 (Barbarous.) MARSDEN. iV 85, Wt. 167 
 
 J, square borders ; 
 
 I » "1 A in obv. area, 
 
 r* I in rev. area ; ^ULe in margin. 
 
 I.O.C. N -lb, wt. 168 
 
 „ eightfoil borders ; 
 
 I . 1 A in obv. margin, 
 r I in rev. area ; 
 ibIsiJji in rev. margin. 
 
 MARSDEN. iV -85, Wt. 167 
 
 Obv. as 541 : eightfoil borders ; 
 
 I ♦ 1 A in margin. 
 Eev. as 539 : but regnal year T T in area ; margin dif- 
 ferently divided, and mint ^bl^-j^l As"^lsJjl jb VJ-^ 
 
 PRINSEP. iV -9, Wt. 16e
 
 SHAE-JAHAK. 
 
 113 
 
 No. 
 
 573 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Vear. 
 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abad 
 
 574 
 
 Multan 
 
 1068 
 
 32 
 
 575 
 
 576, 
 577 
 sq. 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 ^[2] 
 
 Obv. as 511 : eightfoil borders ; 
 I , 1 A in margin. 
 
 liev. as 539 : TT in area ; 
 
 iLilCJ3i [vJ^-^ i" margin. 
 
 As 539 : square borders ; 
 
 I , *1 A in obv. area ; 
 p f in rev. area ; 
 ^'sJ.^ w^o in margin. 
 
 N -8, \Vt, 168 
 
 THEOBALD. N -75, Wt. 168 
 
 square borders ; 
 I ♦ 1 A in obv. area ; 
 p'.r in rev. area ; 
 j[^U[jj] in margin. 
 
 PRINSEP. N -75, wt. 169 
 
 square borders with ornamented quatrefoil 
 corners, mint and date obliterated. 
 
 (Birbarons.) LADY FRERE. N -8, Wt. 169 
 PL. XV. (Barbarous.) FANJ. ARCH. SIRV. i\^ -9, Wt. 188
 
 114 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 W)g 
 
 M 
 
 578 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1037 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 579 
 
 Agrrah 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 With name Kharram. 
 a y II ^)\ A_)| N) 
 
 .rv t^3- 
 
 w>- 
 
 c 
 
 -^^ ^oi 
 
 —J 
 
 >e>»- OV^ " 
 
 l.i ^<rai~« ^j.. 
 
 J.JI 
 
 _<0 
 
 j..AJa-^l ^ jii 
 
 Pl. XVI. CVNNINQKAH. M -85, Wt. 172 
 
 fcV » -no 
 
 .rv A.«Lji j^ — -j 
 
 V , >J O 
 
 cj £al Ai^)L^.JI jt^ 
 
 ^Jl_c 
 
 
 
 .L_iib 
 
 u^v*- 
 
 dL .^. 
 
 .iO— ^. 
 
 kJI w 
 
 '^r-^ 
 
 
 Ulr- 
 
 PMINSEP. M -9, Wt. 16S
 
 8HAH-JAHAN. 
 
 115 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Sri 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 580 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 [10]37 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. as 579 
 
 but lower lines, 
 
 \ 1 
 
 
 j^AJl&jiJ j«0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ''' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^.s^-fc rv 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 
 J.O.I 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^j C>_ja_)l w.lv— ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O ^l^i — i wv_^l-.tf 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pt. XVI. p^iv;^. 4J2ca". surv. j& -9, 
 
 Wt. 174 
 
 581 
 
 Agrah 
 
 1038 
 
 J5 
 
 Obv. as 579 : 
 Rev. as 580. 
 
 but 1 . r A 
 
 Pt. XVI. GRANT. M -85, 
 
 Wt. 172 
 
 582 
 
 )j 
 
 >? 
 
 2 
 
 Obv, 
 
 dj^l 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 I.Ta 
 
 
 •bloW'?- ^^ — ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 d.w 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XVI. (Nisar.) PLAYFAIR. M 7, 
 
 Wt. ii
 
 116 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 5)g 
 
 33 '■ 
 
 
 JR 
 
 
 
 583 
 
 Akl)ar- 
 
 1038 
 
 2 
 
 niw ^ I 11 nm ^ II M 
 
 
 abad 
 
 Tir 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ ,. i. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 pt ibl^*£3l ai^)LaJI ;b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 liev. as 58(J : but a; - (in place of d-iw) 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVI. I.O.C. M -85, Wt. 172 
 
 58-t 
 
 Patnali 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 Obv. beneath Kalimah (as o79), 
 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 sLc ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jio.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 llev. as 58u : but | . "^A (in place of AJ..-) 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pu XVI. TUKOBALD. M 10, Wt. 172 
 
 58o, 
 
 Si'irat 
 
 1038 
 
 1 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah (as 579), 
 
 5SG 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 f» ^J9 ' 
 
 1 .Pa 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^a».A A^-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jk».l » 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kev. as 58u : A_iw 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVI. PllISSEP. M 'J, Wf. 17.5 
 
 
 
 
 
 GS.iyT. M -9. Wl. 174
 
 SHAII-JAHAX. 
 
 117 
 
 No. 
 
 JR 
 
 587 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Surat 
 
 588 
 
 Yuar, 
 
 103a; 
 
 Akbar- 1039 2 
 abaci 
 
 589 
 
 Akbar- 
 uagar 
 
 As 585 : but unit of date obliterated, and no regnal year. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. Area, within circle, 
 
 A X )l JjJ 'J 
 
 Margin, J^o^ -J^^^^- \ y^^ ^^''^ ^' L5^' ^'^'^• 
 
 Rev. 
 
 r^-^ 
 
 di — 
 
 .iii — e. 
 
 
 ; .Vo>ak.« 0^»>'J' 
 
 V^ d£ 
 
 o!>5 
 
 r 
 
 PL. XVI. EBEN. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah (as 583), 
 
 ^^- ^1 ,SJ>^^\ ^— 
 
 Rev. as 580: but |].r^ 
 
 Pl. XVI. £Di\V. ^ -70, Wt. 125
 
 118 
 
 MOGEUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 590 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Patnah 
 
 591 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month 
 
 1039 
 
 Azur 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 
 -vJt 
 
 Ji' 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1039 
 
 Aban 
 
 592 
 
 593 
 
 Mull an 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 594 
 
 1039 
 
 1040 
 
 Rev. as 580 : but | . r ^ 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 
 BANKS. M 105, Wt. 175 
 
 v> 
 
 
 Rev. as 580: but | .r^ 
 
 ORANT. M '95, Wt. 173 
 
 As 588 : but I • r^ above j^>a» ^ on obv., and aJ^ above 
 j>.»a>..« on rev.; mint ^ULo 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -86, Wt. 177 
 
 „ but I . f^ . in obv. margin, and t^ above w-^Ltf 
 on rev. 
 
 M -9, wt. 176 
 
 As 593 : butobv. within sixfoil, and [^ above w* of w*;-i 
 
 /.O.C. .5V -85, wt. 174
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 119 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year : 
 
 Month. 
 
 
 
 yR 
 
 
 
 
 595 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 1040 
 
 
 As 588 : but obv, area in diamond border, divided 
 aXJ 1 1 N)! ; year \ *f- * ; mint j^ajUj-j 
 
 M, 10, Wt. 177 
 
 596 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1040 
 
 Amar- 
 dad 
 
 3 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 »«» ,y— 't A-*-I-J 
 
 
 
 
 
 ol— « ibj— «' 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 580: but | .[^. 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M VO, Wt. 172 
 
 597 
 
 >j 
 
 1040 
 
 Bah- 
 man 
 
 )> 
 
 As preceding : but ^^<o^i 
 
 M 1-0, Wt. 174 
 
 598 
 
 Surat 
 
 1040 
 
 — 
 
 As 585 : but 1 . i^ . ; no regnal year. 
 
 BANKS. M -9, wt. 176 
 
 599 
 
 Lahore 
 
 )j 
 
 3 
 
 As 588 : but | ♦ p . in obv. margin, and T above w*».l-is 
 on rev. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M "9, Wt. 175 
 
 600 
 
 Multan 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 As 592 : but 1 . }^ . 
 
 M -85, Wt. 167 
 
 601 
 
 j> 
 
 >j 
 
 4 
 
 ,, but 1 .p. ; and <xi^ 
 
 M -85, wt. 175 
 
 602 
 
 >5 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 „ unit of date obliterated ; a^ 
 
 THOMAS, m, -85, Wt. 377
 
 120 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year : 
 
 Month. 
 
 1040 
 
 Dal 
 
 Is 
 
 
 M 
 
 603 
 
 Dehli 
 
 3 
 
 Obv. 4-JLJI -N)! AJt -N) 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^v" A^Jl J^---; 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^Xa ol ^ i^i 
 
 
 
 
 
 > V — .C — jj^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 580 : but | . ;^ . , and ^b in second Hue. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVI. GOVT. OP INDIA. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 604 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1041 
 
 4 
 
 As 588 : but 1 ♦ f'^ 1 in obv. margin, and F over w>/-^ 
 on rev. ^j?j.AA».[Lr9 joined. 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 605 
 
 )j 
 
 }> 
 
 5 
 
 Obv. as 588: but square border; \ *f-\ at foot of 
 area. 
 
 Kev. Area, within square, 
 s 
 
 ^jLy.^ ol u> 
 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, | ^lj,jlji | «»^».L3 j^s^^ \ O^-^M [<-^lv-]~' 
 
 
 
 
 
 i]LI^£9l... 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pi,. XVI. EDEN. M Sr,, Wt. 176 
 
 606 
 
 Allah- 
 abad 
 
 Azur 
 
 4 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 
 ^— :— '/— — "^ 
 
 Rev. as 580 : but | , l^ | 
 
 Pl. XVI. CUNNINGHAM. JR VO, Wt. 174
 
 HHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 121 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year: 
 
 Month. 
 
 '3 .• 
 
 
 M 
 
 G07 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1041 
 
 Tir 
 
 4 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 Rev. as 580 : but \ *^\ 
 
 MAESDEN. M -95, Wt. 173 
 
 G08 
 
 )) 
 
 1041 
 Azur 
 
 ■>■) 
 
 As 607 : but month j3t 
 
 Pl. XVI. GRANT. M 10, Wt. 175 
 
 609 
 
 J) 
 
 1041 
 
 Dai 
 
 ■)■> 
 
 ,, but month ^^ 
 
 PRINSEP. M -95, Wt. 17G 
 
 610 
 
 Dehli 
 
 1041 
 
 4 
 
 Obv. as 588 : but \ *]^\ in margin. 
 Rev. ^}\ £■ 6\ wil. — J 
 
 ^J\yef. oli ^3U yj\j3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Us j^st^-c o-i"^" '^K^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 y, ,• 
 
 
 
 
 
 F^X — fci ^-o 
 
 
 
 
 
 TSEOBALD. M 'd, AVt. 174 
 
 611 
 
 Lahore 
 
 j> 
 
 J) 
 
 As 588 : but 1 . F- 1 in obv. margin ; and f- over w.*a.l-s, 
 and mint j^**^ 
 
 MARSDEN. M -85, Wt. 176 
 
 612 
 
 ?) 
 
 )> 
 
 5 
 
 ^, and a over -— './-<i 
 
 /.O.C. jR -8, Wt. 173
 
 122 
 
 MOOHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 G13 
 
 Akbar- 
 iibad 
 
 1042 
 
 5 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 1 . [^ r in obv. area ; end o£ first line of rev. 
 
 THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 167 
 
 614 
 
 Multan 
 
 3) 
 
 >) 
 
 As 588 : 
 
 \ *f-\' over J^.a».^ in obv. area ; 
 
 © 
 
 <u^ over olw on rev. ; mint ^jU,^ 
 
 GRANT. M -85, 174 
 
 615 
 
 Akbar- 
 s'lbcid 
 
 >> 
 
 6 
 
 As 588 : 
 
 I , 1^ r in obv. area ; 
 1 and iblj..;£»l on rev. 
 
 JR -9, wt. 174 
 
 616 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 J5 
 
 >> 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 1 ♦ }^ r in obv. area ; 
 
 j^\Aj.i w»j-c) and "1 in rev. margin. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M 9, Wt. 177 
 
 617 
 
 Patnah 
 
 5> 
 
 j» 
 
 >> 
 
 1 *f'\' in obv. margin ; 
 Ailj w^*i and *1 , in rev. margin, 
 
 CUNNINGIIA2I. M '95, Wt. 175 
 
 618 
 
 Surat 
 
 )J 
 
 — 
 
 As 585 : 
 
 1 . p r ; no regnal year on rev. 
 
 -51 -8, Wt. 176
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 123 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 ,. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 619, 
 
 Multan 
 
 1042 
 
 6 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 620 
 
 
 
 
 1 ♦ vc r in obv. area ; 
 
 SC]. 
 
 
 
 
 *1 above {^j^ on rev. ; and ^UX^ ^^-^ 
 
 I.O.C. M -85, Wt. 175 
 EDEN, (sq.) M '8, Wt. 170 
 
 621 
 
 Akbar- 
 jibad 
 
 1043 
 
 }j 
 
 Obv. Area, within ornamented diamond border, 
 
 »X a,—^ 
 A_XJI J^-^J 
 
 Margin, ^U^c vOjjW ^-o-*- J->>«^J >^ ^r*' J*>-*:' 
 Eev. o- >^ — " w^^ V w 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^l — J O^;- — « — ^*-^-^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVI. CUNNINQEAM. M VO, Wt. 176 
 
 G22 
 
 )j 
 
 }} 
 
 J5 
 
 Obv. as 621. 
 
 Rev. Area, within diamond border, 
 
 O^ — V — «?- 
 Margin, ^J^^ O'j^ w*&.l.o ji.«.a^^ O^J^^' -^V*^ 
 
 Pl. XVI. THEOBALD. M "O, Wt. 176
 
 124 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 JR 
 
 623 
 
 624 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Allah- 
 abad 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Year. 
 
 [104,3] 
 
 r„] 
 
 625 
 
 626 
 
 Bhakar 
 
 Bhakad 
 
 1043 
 
 As 605 : traces of date on obv. ; 
 
 ^LiIaJI w>o in rev, margin. 
 
 Pl. XVII. CUNNINGHAII. M 1-0, Wt. 175 
 
 As 605 : no date on obv.; 
 
 "^ in rev. area, and a^ «-->•«=> ^^ margi 
 
 PBINSEP. M -SS, wt. 169 
 
 Obv. as 005 : but circular border ; date in margin \ tf-T 
 
 Eev. 
 
 a. 
 
 
 V : .1 1 Z, 
 
 627 
 
 628 
 
 Surat 
 
 Multan 
 
 [„] 
 
 As 605 
 
 > ^ 1, i -r'J 
 
 Pl. XVII. CVNKINGIIA2I. M 'B, Wt. 177 
 
 circular borders ; | . ^^ p* in obv. margin, and 
 j.^j w'j-*i' ij^ i'6v. margin. 
 
 Pl. XVII. iZ.jr. .K -85, wt. 176 
 
 *1 in obv. area ; 
 
 Oj^M^ ^j^'-i in rev. margin. 
 
 iR -85, Wt. 171 
 
 I . ;- r in obv. area, 
 1 in rev. area ; 
 mint ^m,« 
 
 PLAYFAIE. M -So, Wt. 173 
 
 i
 
 SSAS-JARAX. 
 
 125 
 
 .0. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Vear : 
 
 Month. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 6:^9 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 1043 
 
 Far- • 
 war- 
 din 
 
 7 
 
 Obv., beneath Kalimah, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^\ V jiuj.*£»l ^-o 
 
 
 
 
 
 {sic) ^>JS)J^ «l[-6 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 
 
 
 j.^] ^^^-^ ''^ [.^- 
 
 
 
 
 
 r.i«r 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,>jjJ1 w»Lv.w 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVII. CUNKIXGHAM. M Sd, Wt. 176 
 
 630 
 
 Surat 
 
 )j 
 
 >j 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 V in obv. area, 
 ( ♦ f^ r in margin ; Oj^w in rev. margin. 
 
 M 85, Wt. 177 
 
 631 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 1044 
 
 » 
 
 „ 1 ♦ P P in obv. area ; 
 V in rev. area ; 
 mint, iljlji.fr».l 
 
 PEINSEP. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 632 
 
 Lahore 
 
 jj 
 
 >j 
 
 Obv. 1 ♦ 1^ P 
 
 A : 
 
 J^—^^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. ^j^^ dL^>l-;> 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO^-v-^ ^L^^; 
 
 
 
 
 
 V <u«> 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XVll. (Nisdr). PASJ. ABCM. SVEV. ^ 6, Wt. 43
 
 126 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEB0R.8. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 G34 
 
 635 
 
 636 
 
 637 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Bhakar 
 
 •Patnah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Multan 
 
 638, 
 639 
 
 Surat 
 
 Year. 
 
 1044 
 
 1045 
 
 [10] 45 
 
 1045 
 
 1046 
 
 As 605 : I ♦ p p in obv. area ; 
 A in rev. area, 
 mint X\..^\ 
 
 I . pc in obv. margin ; 
 
 MABSDHN. m, 85, Wt. 177 
 
 <Uw in rev. margin 
 
 PL. XVII. CUNNINGHAM. Si -85, Wt. 170 
 
 }^ C in obv. area ; 
 t^ over (^^ ; 
 A in rev. area ; 
 
 A in obv. area ; 
 
 I * p9 in obv. margin ; 
 
 I . t^c in obv. area ; 
 ^ in rev. area ; 
 
 ^ in obv. area ; 
 
 I . pi in obv. margin ; 
 
 GIBBS. M -9, Wt. 170 
 
 M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 PLAYFAIB. M do, Wt. 173 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. Al So, Wt. 176 
 GRANT. M V, Wt. 175
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 127 
 
 No. 
 
 JR 
 
 G40 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 641 
 
 G42 
 
 Jahan- 
 
 gii*na- 
 gar 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Year ; 
 
 Month, 
 
 1046 
 
 [101]6 
 
 643 Tattah 
 
 644 
 
 1047 
 
 Khur- 
 lUid 
 
 10 
 
 As 605 : I . pT in obv. margin ; 
 
 j^A*i) w'j.-i' in rev. margin. 
 
 [I . ]i^1 in obv. area ; 
 ^ in rev. area ; 
 mint J.CJ .... l^ej. 
 
 I . f-y in obv. area ; . 
 I * in rev. area ; 
 
 Obi 
 
 Kev. 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 17i 
 
 MAESDEN. M V, Wt. 177 
 
 ^K-EiVr. iB -9, Wt. 175 
 
 V : ; 
 
 (.fv 
 
 Pl. XVII. GSANT. M -85, Wt. 177 
 
 Same as 643 : but month dU ^»5 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 177
 
 128 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEB0B8. 
 
 No. 
 
 Miut. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 645 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1047 
 
 11 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 [ 1 , ];^v in obv. margin ; 
 f 1 
 
 j^k*^ w>.3 in rev. margin. 
 
 I.O.C. M -35, Wt. 176 
 
 646 
 
 Jaban- 
 
 girna- 
 
 gar 
 
 1048 
 
 12 
 
 >> 
 
 1 ,}^A in obv. area; 
 
 1 r in rev. area ; 
 
 jiu^*5o^.efc. [v]j"^ i'^ i'6v. margin. 
 
 CUBETON. M -9, Wt. 176 
 
 647 
 
 Kanda^ 
 liar 
 
 n 
 
 } 
 
 )) 
 
 butjUjk^ [w>]j-o 
 
 THEOBALD. M '85, Wt. 176 
 
 648 
 
 Multan 
 
 )> 
 
 11 
 
 >> 
 
 I . t^A in obv. area ; 
 
 1 1 in rev. area ; 
 
 ^jULo wij-i in rev. margin. 
 
 THEOBALD. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 649 
 
 — 
 
 >) 
 
 — 
 
 5) 
 
 1 . t^A in obv. margin ; 
 
 mint and regnal year obliterated, 
 
 M -3, Wt. 163 
 
 650 
 
 Siirat 
 
 1049 
 
 12 
 
 » 
 
 1 *f-^ in obv. margin ; 
 
 I r and Oj^«j ... in rev. margin. 
 
 .?R -83, Wt. 177
 
 SHAHJAHAN. 
 
 129 
 
 No. 
 
 651 
 
 Mint. Year. 
 
 Lah{ 
 
 1049 
 
 CD o 
 
 13 
 
 Obv. 
 
 J^- 
 
 „A^) 
 
 602 I Siirat 
 
 G53 
 
 654 
 
 1051 
 
 17 
 
 655 
 
 656 
 
 Akbar- 
 nag^ar 
 
 Akbar- 
 abiid 
 
 1054 
 
 1055 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ir 
 5j oV^ *^~' 
 
 Pl. XVII. (Nisar). CVNymQHAM. ^ -65, TVl. 44 
 
 As 605 
 
 I . 9 I in obv. margin ; 
 •Zij^ in rev. margin. 
 
 I V in rev. area ; 
 
 margins nearlv obliterated. 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 163 
 
 GRANT. M -65, W(, 
 
 18 
 
 1056 19 
 
 I 9 1^ (s/c) in obv. area ; 
 
 mint and regnal year obliterated. 
 
 I . (i C iu obv. area ; 
 \ A in rev. area ; 
 j.^[ji*]^l... in rev. margin. 
 
 M. -85, Wt. 177 
 
 GRANT. M. -8, Wt. 176 
 
 I .91 in obv. margin ; 
 
 ^\j\j.i£s ^j*b 
 
 m rev. margin. 
 
 Al -9, wt. 171
 
 130 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 G57 
 
 658 
 
 G59 
 
 660 
 
 661 
 J. 
 
 2 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abaci 
 
 Kanda- 
 Lur 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Year 
 
 1056 
 
 1057 
 
 >> '> 
 
 662 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 As 605 : I . 9 1 and | '] in obv. area ; 
 
 ^\j\>Z^^i Vj^ ^^ i'6^' margin. 
 
 I ^ in rev. area ; 
 jIajuI... in rev. margin. 
 
 but ornamented diamond borders 
 I . C V in obv, margin , 
 r . at foot of rev. area ; 
 
 M ■ 85, Wt. 176 
 
 M -85, Wt. 17-1 
 
 «.^j3.w m rev. margin. 
 
 21 
 
 Siirat 
 
 668 
 
 1058 
 
 As G59 : but I . cv and f | 
 
 Pl. XVII. EDEN, M •», Wt. 175 
 
 BURNES. m. -85, Wt. 177 
 
 As G05 
 
 r I in rev. area; 
 margins partly obliterated. 
 
 I . c A in obv. margin ; 
 Oj5*j in rev. margin. 
 
 GRANT. M -7, Wt. 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 Tattah „ 22 As 643: but rr and month [j]^j.[v^l on obv. and 
 
 I . C A on rev. 
 
 Al 75, Wt. 177
 
 SHAILJAIIAN. 
 
 131 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Year 
 
 GG5 
 
 G6G 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Junali. 
 garh 
 
 105 'J 
 
 6G7 
 
 6G8 Dawlat- 
 iibad 1 
 
 GG9 
 
 Sliahja- 
 hanabad 
 
 lOCU 
 
 
 As G05 
 
 r r in rev. area ; 
 A»rj wJ^-i iu rev. margin. 
 
 
 
 PRINSEP. M, -8, wt. 
 
 175 
 
 ji 
 
 ( . ^ in obv. margin ; 
 
 rr 
 ib1j.*^l wij-o in rev. margin. 
 
 
 
 GRANT, m, ■8>, Wt. 
 
 171 
 
 j> 
 
 [ 1 ] . i ^ in obv, margin ; 
 
 . . ^xj^e^ wJ^ in rev. margin. 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVII. THOMAS. M -95, Wt. 
 
 177 
 
 As preceding: but | . *I in obv. margin. 
 
 '2?, 
 
 24 
 
 EDEJV. M 10. Wt. 175 
 
 As G05 : I « ] 1 , in obv. area ; 
 rr in rev. area; 
 (^) iblwJ in rev. margin. 
 
 JR -85, Wt. 171 
 
 Obv. 
 
 a j-il. 
 
 V 
 
 ;'^ 
 
 -^j- 
 
 A-*.«j^;.s»i^ [i]ljtj^ly»-«lw 
 
 |-[C 
 
 i^>' 
 
 A- (> » ^^_A.^r_>M» 
 
 Kev. 
 
 ^dJrl 
 
 
 Li) ^t^AA».L.O jLa.J 
 
 Pl. XVII. (Nisar. Thia.) JR 1-15,' Wt. 88
 
 132 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year. 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 670 
 
 Patnah 
 
 
 25 
 
 As 605 : 
 
 r C in rev. area ; 
 
 <«-U*J w*^-.!? in rev. margin. 
 
 M -8, Wt. 175 
 
 671 
 
 Kash- 
 
 1061 
 
 J) 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 mir 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1 .11 
 
 PL. XVII. (Nisar.) ^ 7, Wt. 4t 
 
 672 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 J' 
 
 As 005 
 
 mint obliterated, TS i"^ ^^^- firea. 
 
 MAKSDEN. M 8, Wt. 177 
 
 673 
 
 Si'irat 
 
 1064 
 
 28 
 
 )> 
 
 1 . 1 F in obv. margin ; 
 r A in rev. area ; 
 Oj^ in rev. margin. 
 
 MASSDEK. M '8, Wt. 178 
 
 674 
 
 Multau 
 
 1066 
 
 20 
 
 )> 
 
 1 . 1 1 in obv. area ; 
 
 r ^ in rev. area ; 
 
 jjUA^ [wjjj-^ in rev. margin. 
 
 i.o.c. ^-8, wt. 172 
 
 675 
 
 Surat 
 
 
 30 
 
 >» 
 
 r^ • in rev. area ; 
 
 Cjj^~- [vj-]-^ i" i'^^' margin. 
 
 I.o.c. M -9, Wt. 178
 
 SHAU-JAHAN. 
 
 133 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 670, 
 G77 
 
 Mint, 
 
 078 
 
 4 
 
 Dawlat- 
 iibsid 
 
 Year. 
 
 1007 
 
 Slmhja 
 hanabfitl 
 
 679 Siirat 
 
 080 
 
 081 
 
 Shahja- 
 hauabad 
 
 1068 
 
 As OOO : I . 1 V and T I in obv. area ; 
 
 iljtcJ_5i «—'/•«=' in rev. margin. 
 
 Pl. XVII. GRANT. M, -0, Wt. 176 
 PANJ. AECH. SURV. M '9, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 a t, 
 
 Eev. 
 
 (L 
 
 J ,-jl> 9 
 
 U'/ 
 
 Pl. XVII. (Nisar.) M 75, Wt. 41 
 
 As 605 : circular borders; 
 
 I . 1 V in obv. margin ; 
 f I in rev. area ; 
 Oj^-i wJj.-* in rev. margin. 
 
 As 079: but \^A (sic). 
 
 GRANT. M -95, Wt. 175 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 176 
 
 As 605 : eightfoil borders ; 
 
 I ♦ "1 A in obv. margin ; 
 
 jh V^-tf ^J\J ^j\^a..o^\^ J^^a^ C>;!J^^' -'K^ 
 
 rr 
 ■>^:''(j'v*>**^~' *s*i^a«J' in rev. margin. 
 
 Pl. XVII. MARHDEN. M TO, Wt. 175
 
 134 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 682 
 
 G83, 
 084 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Dawlat- 
 abad 
 
 685 
 
 686 
 
 68: 
 
 688 
 
 Siirat 
 
 681) 
 
 Kabul 
 
 Year 
 
 1068 
 
 (10591 
 
 32 
 
 1069 
 
 Sliahja- 
 h an abad 
 
 As 605 : r r ilj'J*"*^' 'rif^ "^ ^'^'^' ma'"g'n- 
 
 GIBBS. M -8, Wt. 178 
 
 „ eigbtfoil borders ; 
 
 I . 1 A in obv. margin ; 
 
 "~ r in rev. area ; 
 
 ^blC-J^i <-r>^ ^" ^c^- iTiargin. 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 176 
 THEOBALD. M 0, Wt. 177 
 
 ,, I . c ^ in obv. margin (an old die) ; 
 r* r in rev. area ; 
 Oj^w in rev, margin. 
 
 GRANT. M -9, wt. 178 
 
 As 685 : but no Hijrah year legible. 
 
 PRIKSEP. M -9, Wt. 17G 
 
 1069 
 
 As G05 : I . "1 ^ in obv. margin ; 
 
 r* r in rev. margin ; mint obliterated. 
 
 M -9, wt. 178 
 
 „ ^Ji\^ [wJj.]-£> in rev. margin ; 
 
 year obliterated. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 ANONYMOUS LARGESSE (NISAR). 
 GOLD. 
 
 Obv. Jlj 
 
 all— 
 
 Rev. itljjl^ 
 
 1. 11 
 Pl. XVII. N -05, Wt. 43
 
 ( 135 ) 
 
 SHAH SHUJA'. 
 
 IN BENGAL, ETC. 
 
 A.n. lOGS-1070 = A.D. 1G5S-1G60. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 War. 
 
 li 
 
 o r 
 25 "• 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 JR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 090 
 
 Akbav- 
 abad 
 
 1068 
 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. Area, within square. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jjl-Ji o\ uQL-J 
 
 
 ol CJ^^-a^-4 cl:^.^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, iL[l];.,£:.[l].... | ^15 o!^ | 
 
 1 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XVIII. CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 .55. -85, Wt. 177 
 
 G91 
 
 Jalun- 
 abad? 
 
 5> 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. as 690 : but ( . 1 A above J^-^j 
 Rev. Area, within square, 
 
 
 jl^ i>L.— .^^l__j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Margin, (S) iV'O^^'?- 1 0^^''j"«*" 1 
 
 •1 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. xviii. frinsep. 
 
 -SI -85, Wt. 177 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ . 

 
 ( 136 ) 
 
 M U R A D BAKH S H. 
 
 IN GUJARAT. 
 
 A.H. 1068 = A.D. 1658. 
 
 No. 
 
 692 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abaJ 
 
 1068 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 A.JIJI •s)l dJI ^) 
 
 Margin, | ^l^^c >e;jL | j.«^ J->>CS | j"^:" ,^/' J-X- 
 llev. Area, within square, 
 
 c2 
 
 :| — t dL-^^l. 
 
 U****":* .>!>* taX^iSi^o 
 
 Margin, | iljljk.o^l vj"^ I CH^^" 7r3J"^ |^Ja^JI ^A 
 
 ^3>- 
 
 (T. 
 
 Pl. XVIII. CUNNINGUAl^I. N' -m, Wt. 170
 
 MURAD BAKHSII. 
 
 137 
 
 No. 
 
 693- 
 695 
 
 696- 
 698 
 
 699 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Surat 
 
 '00 
 
 Year, 
 
 1068 
 
 Cambay 
 (Khan- 
 biiyat) 
 
 As 692 : but j.d.1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 .w in rev. margin. 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 177 
 
 Pl. XVIII. THOMAS. ^-15, Wt. 178 
 
 CUNNlNaRAM. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 but wJj^w 
 
 Pl. XVIII. CUNNINGHAM. M '9, Wt. 178 
 
 MAR8DEN. M -9, Wt. 170 
 
 EDEN. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 A — y — )i J 5 — .J 
 
 0^- 
 
 c _ 
 
 .]i^ 
 
 ^ >!/■ 
 
 ._.« 
 
 r^^^ 
 
 jj^iC-^ 
 
 J^<.— 
 
 _:^.« 
 
 o^V 
 
 ^ OV*-t»-^ 
 
 
 Pt. XVIII. CUNNINGHAM. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 As 692 : but no year in obv. margin ; 
 
 in rev. margin, ^».l j C-jl*^y^ ^/-^ 
 
 Pl. XVIII. PANJ. ARCn. SUHr. ;R -9, Wt. 173
 
 { 138 ) 
 
 V l.-A URANGZIB 'ALAMOfP. 
 
 A.H. 10G9— 1118 = A.D. 1659—1707. 
 
 No. 
 
 701 
 
 702 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tattah 
 
 Year. 
 
 [10]72i 5 
 
 Aurang-jl074 
 dbad 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 ur'5 ^' « 
 
 
 
 V r u^— '^ 
 
 Pl. XVIII. A^ -85, Wt. 170 
 
 ^l jl-^jji' 
 
 1-^5- 
 
 JL.- 
 
 ■Jt^ ,A .CW ^ ■ 
 
 Rev. as 701 : but \ *\f- over «iiLj 
 
 Pi.. XVIII. /.O.r-. A' -85, Wt. KM
 
 AUKANGZIB 'ALAMGIR. 
 
 139 
 
 No. 
 
 703 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Multan 
 
 704 „ 
 
 705 
 
 706 
 
 Year. 
 
 1075 
 
 1077 
 
 Aurang 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 
 1079 11 
 
 As 701 : but A, O^^^ ; ' * ^ * 
 
 I.O.C. A^-8o, Wt. 169 
 
 but ^, u^^5 I ♦^^ 
 
 PROF. WILSON. J^ -8, Wt. 169 
 
 As 702: but \\, iW<-^j3^ ) I '^^ 
 
 /.O.C. .A^ -85, Wt. 169 
 
 12 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 I r 
 
 707 
 
 
 
 V> — 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 jSJ^. 
 
 ^^' 
 
 
 
 
 Mar 
 
 gin. ^jty^ 1 W--H 
 
 «* I 
 
 u*'^^'^ 
 
 1 [^n- 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Area, 
 
 within square, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a^ 
 
 6l- 
 
 
 
 
 
 >^i J-^ 
 
 .^^)^ 
 
 
 Surat |[i08]3 
 
 708 
 
 Golkon- 
 dah 
 
 16 
 
 Margin nearly obliterated. 
 
 PL. XVIII. MARSBEN. jV TS, Wt. 1C8 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1>H^' 
 
 1^ Ai«» 
 
 ^_^^__jv__ 
 
 I ^ 
 
 0;5 
 
 Rev. as 701 : but A^-. 
 
 N -85, Wt. 171 
 
 1086120 
 
 but r. (for r.),«->'^^^'' ' ♦ "^^ 
 
 PL. XVIII. I.O.C. ^ -S.Wt.lTO
 
 14^ 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOnS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 709 
 
 710 
 
 '11 
 
 712 
 
 713 
 
 'U 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 jibad 
 
 Ahmad- 
 nag-ar 
 
 Bijapui 
 
 GolkoU' 
 dah 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 aba'l 
 
 Year. 
 
 1091 
 
 1097 
 
 1099 
 
 24 
 
 29 
 
 31 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. as 701 : but | ♦ ^ | over *£U 
 
 Pl. XVIII. T.O.C. iV -85, Wt. 169 
 
 As 701 : but on obv. | . '^ v, j.CJji.oa.1 ; and T ^ on rev. 
 over >iU 
 
 LADY FREHE. AT -85, Wt. 1C9 
 
 Obv. 
 
 1100 
 
 1101 
 
 V 
 
 -JL 
 
 32 
 
 34 
 
 j.^ Ja[Jl 
 
 Rev. as 701 : but ^ ^ over a of aC-» 
 
 Pl. XVIII. MAESDEN. N -9, "Wt. 171 
 
 As 701 : but a;^ , 6jk;5CX£9 (no Hijrah year). 
 
 MARS DEN. N •%, Wt. 169 
 
 As 709 : but "^ r and | . 
 
 „ but r^^ and I I . I 
 
 iV -9, "Wt. 168 
 
 N -9, Wt. 168
 
 AUBANGZIB 'ALAMGIB. 
 
 141 
 
 No. 
 715 
 
 4 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 China- 
 patan 
 (Madras) 
 
 71G 
 
 71: 
 
 1103 
 
 
 35 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 II.P 
 
 ^^:! J^-^ 
 
 Pl. XVIII. (Nisar). -A^ -5, Wt. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahdn- 
 
 abad 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 HOG 
 
 38 
 
 1107 40 
 
 As 709 : but r A and | | . 1 
 
 SIABSDEK. AT -8, Wt. 16 
 
 718 
 
 ■19 
 
 1109 
 
 ■20 
 
 Khnjis- 
 
 tah- 
 
 bunjad 
 
 (Aurang- 
 
 abad) 
 
 B urban 
 pur 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 F. 
 
 
 Rev. as 70 9 : but ) « < 
 
 LADY FEERE. N -85, Wt. 167 
 
 41 As 701 : but mint obliterated, 'f- ) ; and | | . ^ over ^ 
 
 PRINSEP. jr -85, Wt. 168 
 
 nil 
 
 4a; 
 
 43 
 
 but f- , .>L-J a:~sj^«». ; I I . ^ over ^ 
 
 Pl. XVIII. GOVT. OF INDIA. N -8, Wt. 169 
 
 but p"^, ;^J-JlAbj] ; and | | | | over ^ 
 
 MAlitiDEN. N' -85, Wt. 170
 
 142 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 721 
 
 722 
 
 723 
 
 724 
 
 Mint. 
 
 [China] 
 patan 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 Burhan 
 pur 
 
 Etawa 
 
 Year 
 
 nil 
 
 1112 
 
 1115 
 
 1118 
 
 iM 
 
 U 
 
 47 
 
 50 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 C^-i •••• 
 II II . 
 
 [d]Li 
 
 Pl. XVni. (Nisar.) Jf -45, Wt. 46 
 
 As 717 : but f^F; and | | | r 
 
 DA CUyjIA. ^ -9, wt. 168 
 
 Cv 
 
 As 701 : but dj^ j^x)[Ajj ; and | | | c over ^i 
 
 SENG. AS. SOC. N -85, Wt. 169 
 
 Obv. 
 
 U-x 
 
 i^J^ 
 
 ^f^^ 
 
 i\ - 
 
 Rev. as 701 : but | | | a over Jli 
 
 /.O.C. ^ -85, "Wt. 168
 
 A URAXGZIB 'ALAMGIR. 
 
 142 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 725 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A5^).a^)t j.^.Z~.-» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J^a-I i;_ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ _ _, -> r ,0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^L.,l[^ ,]£.[! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^ ,,^^— )L_c 
 
 
 jl c dl__wi[Lj 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIX. THOMAS. 
 
 M 1-0, Wt. 17.5 
 
 726 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 1069 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^. j^..^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,j»)^af. Jk».t «U.w 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 I'L. XIX. pnixsjcp. 
 
 ^ -8.1, wt. 17G
 
 144 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1^- 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 727 
 
 Kabul 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 c- — ; — «— -A — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J^L£. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kev. 
 
 as 701: ^j^j instead of j^ ; no Hijrah year. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. B. -85, 
 
 Wt. 17-1 
 
 728 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1070 
 
 )f 
 
 Obv. 
 Rev. 
 
 ,J^JkJl jjAafc«« ^«jJaJt j A 
 1 .V. 
 
 
 [ju .u^y 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIX. CUNNINGHAM. M -95, 
 
 Wt. 174 
 
 729 
 
 Multan 
 
 1070 
 (sic) 
 
 3 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j_^^j L^ C^^A.« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 aC-^-'JwH^-J. — *- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 as 701 : but | . v . (sic). 
 
 PL. XIX. CUNNINGHAM. M -Qc, 
 
 Wt. 176 
 
 i
 
 AURANQZIB 'ALAMGIB. 
 
 146 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 730 
 
 731 
 
 Aurang 
 abad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Year, 
 
 1071 
 
 
 732 
 I 
 u 
 
 733 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 As 728 : but r, ibIJUjjl; and | . < | 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M '9, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 u-^. 
 
 A^ 4iA_«; 
 
 iL 
 
 
 ^J>- 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 dl. 
 
 
 jjv V- 
 
 BOMBA Y AS. SOC. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 \^^ V..0 
 
 >iO»^^-^>4 
 
 ^Jti^m\.t^ AmJ^M 
 
 Eev. as 701 : but 1 . v | ^ and jJlj for j^^ 
 
 Pl. XIX. M -45, Wt. 22 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 Margin, ,j*»^U | s::..-;^*.* | (.j^^^e^ | <u^ 
 Eev. Area, within square, 
 
 Margin | w-Jj^jjl j J^^s*^^ O^"^" cjsa*-« | j.«ia)t_^jt 
 
 Pl. XIX. PLAYFAin. M -95, Wt. 175 
 U
 
 146 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 734 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Jiinah- 
 
 [garh] 
 
 Year. 
 
 1071 
 
 735 
 
 736 
 
 737 
 
 Surat? 
 
 [10]72 _ 
 
 Multan 
 
 1073 
 
 Obv. Area, within square, 
 
 Margin, .... | | <ij^a> | w)>^ 
 
 Rev. Area, within square, 
 
 w- ij 
 
 03 
 
 >L 
 
 Margin, 
 
 l.vl 
 
 Pl. XIX. GIBBS. M -9, Wt. 179 
 
 As 707 : year v r, mint and regnal year obscure; jj^j 
 for j.^ 
 
 PBINSEP. M -85, "Wt. 172 
 
 B 
 
 „ but <sUw, ^UJL« ; J Ju for jiy-o ; and | * vl** above ^ 
 
 CVNNINGUA2I. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. 
 
 r^ 3 — ^ 
 
 i.vr 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 03' 
 
 8 >i.^^b 
 
 Oorr. OF INDIA. M -8, Wt, 17e
 
 AURANGZIB 'ALAMGIU. 
 
 147 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 738, 
 739 
 
 740 
 
 m 
 
 li'2 
 
 742a 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 743 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Jiinah- 
 garh 
 
 Surat 
 
 Multsin 
 
 Akbs 
 
 Shah- 
 jab an- 
 abi'id 
 
 rear. 
 
 1074 
 
 [11075 
 
 [1]076 
 
 1076 
 
 107[6] 
 
 1076 
 
 As 734 : but 
 
 Obv. margin | ^ a.w | . j-^saj^a. | w>o andornaments. 
 
 .vF 
 
 Kev. margin, | Ai*^ | j*^ j^i $>- \ OV^ )^ I ■5j *^*^ 
 
 Pl. XIX 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 176 
 „ iB -9, Wt. 175 
 
 As 731: but [Ij.vc; regnal year obliterated, Oj^-j 
 above ^j"0 
 
 As preceding, but d-w , and [ I ] • v 1 
 
 GRANT. M -9, AVt. 176 
 
 51 9, Wt. 177 
 
 As 701 : but (jUJL.0, aj^ ; | » vl over >^, jJ^j for j.^.« 
 
 GRANT. M -9, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 V ij.^ 
 
 Eev. 
 
 »L 
 
 >k 
 
 Obv. 
 
 l.v 
 
 PL. XIX. ITARSDEN. M 'io, Wt. 2^ 
 
 O ol — i ^LiJt j'o 
 
 ifJ^JvO «^^MhOiA<« ^^^ASta. 
 
 Rev. as 701, but | . v ^i over ^ 5 j^j for j,^,-* 
 
 Pl. XIX. M -i), Wt. 176
 
 148 
 
 MOQHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 744 
 
 745 
 \ 
 
 4 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Surat 
 
 Ak bar- 
 abaci 
 
 Year. 
 
 1077 
 
 746 
 
 747 
 
 748 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Grolkou- 
 dah 
 
 [1]081 
 
 [10J82 
 
 1076 
 
 [1083] 
 
 As 731 : but <Uw, and ) . vv ; Cjj^ above Vj-^ 
 
 MABSDEN. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^LjIj-*^) 
 
 13 
 
 U 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 Pl. XIX. MAESBEN. M -5, Wt. 41 
 
 As 731 : but I ] . A I ; regnal year partly obliterated ; 
 Oj^w above w><0 
 
 M -9, Wt. 178 
 
 B, 95, Wt. 177 
 
 As preceding, but ( r (cut off) and a T 
 
 Obv. ^^ylo 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but | . vT at left of last line. 
 
 Pt. XIX. MAESDEX. M '9, Wt. 175 
 
 * An old reverse die has been used for the Golkonda coins, 
 nos. 748, 751, 755.
 
 AUBANOZIB 'ALAMGIB. 
 
 149 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 749 
 
 750 
 
 750a 
 
 751 
 
 752 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Golkon- 
 dah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Year. 
 
 Golkon- 
 dah 
 
 Jiinah- 
 [garh] 
 
 [10]8i 
 
 1076 
 (sic) 
 
 1085 
 
 753 
 
 754 
 
 755 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 Auranof- 
 abad 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 As 748 : but <tw ; rev. partly obliterated. 
 
 Pl. XIX. MABSDEN. M -6, Wt. 44 
 
 n 
 
 As 731 : but A^ ; Hijrab year obliterated ; Oj^-j above 
 
 PRIN8EP. M -g, Wt. 176 
 
 l[ 
 
 1088 
 
 Surat 
 
 Golkon- 
 
 20 
 
 1089 
 
 1076 
 
 21 
 
 dab \{sic)\ 
 
 As preceding : but a*w on obv., and Ap on rev. 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. .It, 85, Wt. 176 
 
 As 74S : but ( 1 , and | ♦ v *1 on rev. 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 As 734 : rev. differently arranged. 
 
 Obv. margin, .... | .... | ... <lj^». | w>j.-i 
 Eev margin, | ♦ A (^ | I • • • • ^ I Ai '^^ 
 
 GRANT. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. iUIJl-Jj^l 
 
 V ; ; 
 
 t 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but | . aa over jXj 
 
 n 
 
 As 731 : but A**j, and A ^ ; Oj^ above w?/-^ 
 
 M 1-0, wt. 178 
 
 n 
 
 As 748 : but «Uw, and v 1 
 
 MASSDEN. M '45, Wt. 22 
 
 THEOBALD. M -9, Wt. 172
 
 150 
 
 MOGRUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 f f 
 
 756 
 
 
 [10]89 
 
 22 
 
 As 748 : but <U«;, and A ^ ; mint obliterated. 
 
 GIBBS. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 757 
 
 Junah- 
 garh 
 
 1090 
 
 
 As 734 : but 
 
 Obv. margin | | . . ^do^sf. | >^j^ 
 
 1.') . 
 Rev. margin, aJ-wj-^;* | jJ^j ^>- \ oV'?" J^ 1 •*J ^^'^ 
 
 M. 1-0, Wt. 173 
 
 rr 
 
 758 
 
 Surat 
 
 >5 
 
 22 
 
 Obv. ^^yU Aw 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ ,'i r 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oj5 » 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but I . ^ . over -iJlJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 
 
 
 
 r-^ 
 
 759 
 
 j> 
 
 J> 
 
 23 
 
 As 758 : but Aw, and | . ^ . 
 
 JBi:A^G!. AS. SOC. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 w* rr 
 
 760 
 
 Patnah? 
 
 }) 
 
 )> 
 
 ,, but ^ . . ^ j-<9, A-w, and | . ^ ♦ 
 
 BOMBAY AS. SOC. JR -85, Wt. 178 
 
 761 
 
 Surat 
 
 1091 
 
 '> 
 
 but rT, and | . ^ | 
 
 PBINSEP. M 1-0, Wt. 177 
 
 762 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 24 
 
 but rP, and 1 . <^ 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XIX. .at -8, wt. 88 
 
 rp 
 
 763 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 >> 
 
 )5 
 
 „ but i^}a^ii, Aw, and | ^ | (sic) 
 
 .ai -85. Wt. 177 ' 
 
 i
 
 AUBANGZIB 'ALAMQIR. 
 
 151 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 764 
 
 765, 
 766 
 
 76^ 
 
 1 
 
 768 
 
 769 
 
 770 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, 
 
 Surat 
 
 771 
 
 772 
 
 Surat 
 
 1092 
 
 1093 
 
 [Junah- 
 garh] 
 
 109[3] 
 
 1094 
 
 1095 
 
 1096 
 
 Surat 
 
 'Alam- 
 gfrpiir 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 As 758: mint obliterated. <Uw, and | ♦ ^ T 
 
 I.O.C. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 rc 
 
 ,, but A*-;, and | . '^ T 
 
 BOMBAY AS. 80C. M -95, "Wt. 176 
 BANKS. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 „ but mint obliterated, a:^, and | ♦ ^ (unit of 
 date obliterated.) 
 
 GIBBS. M -75, wt. 88 
 
 rv 
 
 but Ai«^, and | ♦ ^ t^ 
 
 rv 
 
 but aJk^, and | . ^ Q 
 
 rA 
 
 MARSBEN. M -85, Wt. 177 
 
 Si -9, Wt. 178 
 
 29 
 
 Areas as 734 : but Aa-j on obv. end, r., and | ♦ ^ *1 on rev. 
 over w«J ; differently arranged. 
 
 Obv. margin nearly obliterated. 
 
 Eev. margin, | 0\^ \ 3^ >j \ "^^"^ 
 
 GRANT. M •9.'5, Wt. 177 
 
 r^ 
 
 As 758 : but a;->, and | » ^ 1 
 
 m, -95, wt. 178 
 
 but j^j j-;£»^t, regnal year obliterated ; 
 on rev. I ♦ '^ 1 
 
 Pl. XIX. M -9, wt. 176
 
 152 
 
 MOOHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 773 
 
 774 
 
 775 
 776 
 
 778 
 
 779 
 
 779a 
 
 780 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Surat 
 
 1097 
 
 Burlian- 
 
 1098 
 
 pur 
 
 
 Surat 
 
 1098 
 
 LapioreJ 
 
 >> 
 
 29 
 30 
 
 As 758 : but Ai^, and | ♦ ^ v 
 
 r[0 
 
 ,j but j^Iajj, a-L-w, and | ♦ ^ A 
 
 M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 ^ -85, Wt. 178 
 
 r. 
 
 „ but 4-;«r, and | . ^ A 
 
 Narnol 
 
 Golkon. 
 dah 
 
 Jahan- 
 
 girna- 
 
 gar 
 
 Siirat 
 
 MARSDEN. M. -95, Wt, 176 
 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^) 
 
 1099 
 
 3? 
 
 [3]1 
 
 32 
 
 1100 „ 
 
 A — ; L \ lljb 
 
 r. 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but | . ^ a over ^ 
 
 PSINSEP. M -85, Wt. 178 
 
 r 
 
 As 758 : but Jjj . . , <u.L«>, and | * ^ A 
 
 Pi. XIX. BENGAL AS. SOC. M -86, Wt. 177 
 
 but «juiCA£9, 
 
 [r] 
 
 at left, and | . 'i A 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M 9, Wt. 177 
 
 rr 
 
 but jiu^^jJCjly^, 4.W , and I ♦ ^ ^, at left. 
 
 M -85, Wt. 179 
 
 rr 
 
 but Aiw, and I . t ^ 
 
 rr 
 
 but A^, and | | • 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M -1, Wt. 177 
 
 MARSDEN. M -95, Wt. 177 |
 
 AUBANGZIB 'ALAMGIE. 
 
 153 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 781 
 
 782 
 
 Zafar- 
 piir 
 
 Kabul 
 
 Year. 
 
 783 
 
 783a 
 
 784 
 
 785 
 
 786 
 
 1100 
 
 [1100] 
 
 32 
 
 As 758 : but j^jjds, dJ,^ , and | 
 
 Pl. XIX. .SI -95, Wt. 178 
 
 „ Obv. 
 
 Etawah 
 
 Gol- 
 kondah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Cambay 
 
 Narnol 
 
 Etawah 
 
 1100 
 
 33 
 
 1101 
 
 1102 
 
 ^^[U 
 
 -^.l- 
 
 
 rr j^ii 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 PL. XIX. .51 -9, Wt. 178 
 
 PRIN'SEP. M 1-0, Wt. 175 
 
 MARSDEN. M -45, Wt. 21 
 
 Eev. as 731 : no year. 
 
 rr 
 
 As 758 : but «jOt, <iUw , and | | 
 
 but . . . jCA£» j.«i 
 
 „ but <iLw, and | | . | 
 
 B03IBAT. AS. SOC. & VO, Wt. 177 
 
 „ but ^Z^jliJ^, <Uw, and | | ♦ T over (J^ir^ 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M 9, W^t. 178 
 
 „ but J>ijU, Aw, and M • T 
 
 THOMAS. M -95, Wt. 177 
 
 r9 
 
 but djUl, Aw, and | | . T 
 
 EDEN. M 1-05, Wt. 175 
 X
 
 154 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 788 
 
 Mint. 
 
 China- 
 pat an 
 
 789 
 
 Akl){'ir. 
 abad 
 
 Year 
 
 790 
 
 791 
 
 792, 
 792« 
 
 793 
 
 1103 
 
 Obv. 
 
 tH^-" 
 
 U 
 
 V J 
 
 •^ V "V -^ 
 
 Eev. as 731 : no Hijrah year. 
 
 Surat 
 
 Luck- 
 now 
 
 Etawah 
 
 Luck- 
 now 
 
 1104 
 
 Obv. 
 
 y .> 
 
 V 
 
 Pl. XX. GIBBS. M 10, Wt. 180 
 
 .£»1 
 
 ^^6J\ 
 
 36 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but year | | . !^ after oV^ 
 
 PEINSEP. jR 105, Wt. 175 
 
 re 
 
 As 758 : but ouw, and | | . T 
 
 PRINSEP. M 1 0, Wt. 179 
 
 but ^-^^j <u.w ; no Hijrah year. 
 
 PBINSEP. M 10, Wt. 176 
 
 n 
 
 but d^^l, <i^, and | | ♦ f^ 
 
 PLATFAIR. JB. 105, Wt. 177 
 I.O.C. JR 1-0, Wt. 171 
 
 ri 
 
 but ^.ivX) , <i.w, and | | ♦ F^ after OV^ 
 (Zigzag border to reverse.) 
 
 PLAYFAIB. M VO, Wt. 177
 
 AURAXGZIB 'ALAMGIB. 
 
 155 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 794 Surat 
 
 Year. 
 
 1104 
 
 795 
 
 BIjapur 
 
 1105 
 
 796, 
 796a 
 
 Surat 
 
 797 
 
 798 
 
 Etawali „ 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 36 As 731 : but <)Uw, and M ♦ l^ over ^ 
 
 OOVT. OF INDIA. M VO, Wt. 17S 
 
 37 ,, but r<, at left; )^^t^ W*^' j'^» ^ncl 
 I I ♦ C over »^ 
 
 m. -9, wt. 177 
 
 „ but rv and | | . C 
 
 (Counterstruck with galloping horseman.) 
 
 Pl. XX. M 1-0, 178 
 BA^^KS. M 10, Wt. 17d 
 
 38 J, but ojUl, x^, and | | . 9 
 
 MAESDEN. M I'l, Wt. 17i 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Pa 
 
 Eev. as 731 : but M ♦ 9 over ^3 
 
 Pt. XX. .Si. -9, Wt. 178 
 
 799 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^ 'J- — '^ 
 
 Pa 
 
 U*" 
 
 cr'3'*'^ 
 
 Eev. as 731 : but I I ♦ C over ^3 
 
 THOMAS. M -95, Wt. 174
 
 156 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 li 
 
 
 M 
 
 800 
 
 Eta wall 
 
 HOG 
 
 38 
 
 As 731 : but ojUt, o-w, and | | . 'i over ^i 
 
 Pi^rj'-i/ie. ^ 1 05, wt. 178 
 
 801 
 
 Patnah 
 
 5J 
 
 1} 
 
 Ta 
 „ but .. :j, 4i->, and | | . 1 
 
 M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 802 
 
 [Lahore] 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 As 799: but no mint name legible beyond <x;JaJl-JI jb, 
 Ta 
 and date <Uw and | | . 1 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -95, "Wt. 174 
 
 803 
 
 Etawah 
 
 1107 
 
 39 
 
 As 758 : but ojUl, <Uw, and | | . v 
 
 MAB8DEN. M VO, Wt. 175 
 
 804 
 
 Baraili 
 
 jj 
 
 ?) 
 
 „ but (<J-!j-», A^-j, and | | . v under «£X5 
 
 Pl. XX. M -95, wt. 177 
 
 805 
 
 Nasrat- 
 abad 
 
 
 3^ 
 
 Obv. j^^j^JL-© 
 
 r 
 
 V ^ .^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 731 : year obliterated. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XX. M -9, wt. 178 
 
 806 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 1107 
 
 40 
 
 As 758 : but j^.la»-jj ^^aJsJI jI^ ; f^. over w^ of w»^ J 
 and 1 1 . < 
 
 .a -9, Wt. 177 
 
 807 
 
 Baraili 
 
 j> 
 
 40 
 
 ,, but ^_^JJ, P, A-i*-, and | | ♦ v under «iU 
 
 .ai -95, wt. 177
 
 AUBANGZIB 'ALAMOIB. 
 
 157 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 Mint. 
 
 809 
 
 810 
 
 Zafar- 
 abad 
 
 Ahmad- 
 nasrar 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Year. 
 
 811 Etawah 
 
 812 
 
 81^ 
 
 814 
 
 815 
 
 816 
 
 1107 
 
 1108 
 
 40 
 
 Khujis 
 
 tah- 
 bunyad 
 (Aurang- 
 
 abad) 
 
 Aj mil- 
 
 Lahore 
 
 China, 
 patan 
 
 Cambay 
 
 41 
 
 As 758 : but il:>l>AJi, Ai^, and | | . < 
 
 Pt. XX. M -9, Wc. 175 
 
 but ^^jk^^\, AAw, and ( I •A over j(.Zc 
 
 Pl. XX. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 but Aw, and | I . A 
 
 GEOEGE III. It. M -9, Wt. 178 
 
 F 
 
 „ but «jl3l, <tw, and | | . A 
 
 Pl. XX. GRANT. M VI, Wt. 174 
 
 „ but iL*j 
 
 a»^, A^, and I I « A 
 
 M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 As 798: but t^(, and | | . a 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 817,Akbar- 
 818 abad 
 
 1109 
 
 „ As 799 : but \^ \ Aw (above C- of c-U^.*-*), and | | . A 
 
 Pl. XX. GRANT. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 4:X 
 
 As 758 : but ^XjUj^-, ^ ( 
 
 ; no Hijrah year 
 
 M -9, Wt. 180 
 
 but c.j'.[*i]^, Ai«r, and 
 
 42 As 789 : but l^ r, and [ | ] | , « 
 
 ^ in last hne 
 
 M -95, wt. 178 
 
 EDEN. M -95, Wt. 177 
 GIBBS. M -95, Wt. 177
 
 158 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 OS . 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 819 
 
 Junah- 
 ga[rh] 
 
 1109 
 
 4^ 
 
 820 
 
 Barailf 
 
 nil 
 
 43 
 
 821 
 
 Cambay 
 
 >> 
 
 >5 
 
 822 
 
 Masuli- 
 patan 
 
 }> 
 
 44 
 
 823 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 [11] 12 
 
 >j 
 
 824 
 
 Etawa 
 
 1112 
 
 45 
 
 825 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 1113 
 
 )> 
 
 826 
 
 Baraili 
 
 » 
 
 >j 
 
 827 
 
 Aj mil- 
 
 1114 
 
 46 
 
 As 758: but .. £94j^»., <)J^, and | | . "^ 
 
 Pl. XX. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 „ but ^kjj.j, 4-w, and | | | | 
 
 CUNNIXGHAM. M 95, Wt. 17C 
 
 „ but w*jV*ii£9, <Uw, and | | | | over (jl^^ 
 
 Pl. XX, EDEN. M, I'O, Wt. 179 
 
 As 731 : but ,^j -A^a.-*, j.;«j at left, and | | | | beneatli 
 
 ^ 
 
 As 789 : but [^^, and [ | | ] | r 
 
 Th. XX. .SI -95, Wt. 178 
 
 PBIKSEF. m, -9, Wt. 177 
 
 As 758 : but I3UI, <4^rf, and | | | T 
 
 I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 175 
 
 „ but |j]>jy^/J, «*^, and | | | !^ 
 
 }^a 
 
 but iJ^iji, <Uw, and | | | [^ 
 
 As 798: but 'e^, and | | | 
 
 M -9, Wt. 178 
 
 JR -9, Wt. 177 
 
 M -9, Wt. 178
 
 AUBANGZIB 'ALAMGIB. 
 
 159 
 
 No. 
 
 828, 
 82Sa 
 
 829 
 
 530 
 
 Mint. 
 
 831 
 
 832 
 
 833 
 
 Year. 
 
 Akbar- in[4] 
 abjid 
 
 Etiiwali 
 
 Lahore 
 
 834 
 
 Etavvah 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Shall - 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 1114 
 
 bo (D 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 1115 
 
 Akbar- [ii]i6 
 abad 
 
 48 
 
 As 789 : but i^1,and [| | | ]p 
 
 EDEN. M '95, Wt. 175 
 PRINSEP. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 As 758 : but djUl, <u-., and | | 1 1^ 
 
 GOrr. OF INDIA, m, -95, wt. 176 
 
 Obv. j>A*i) 
 
 Kev. as 799 : but j | 1 1^ 
 
 FRINSEP. JR -9, Wt. 177 
 
 As 758 : but ijUl, Aw, and | | | a 
 
 m -9, wt. 177 
 
 „ but A*w, and | | | 9 
 
 .51 -95, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. as 731 : but j^ear | | | g over ^j 
 
 PRINSEP. M -8, Wt. 176 
 
 As 789 : but l^A, and | 1 
 
 EDEN. M -9, Wt. 175
 
 160 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 
 
 
 d * 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 835 
 
 Etawa 
 
 IIIG 
 
 49 
 
 As 758 : but tjUl, *u-, and | | M 
 
 M -9, "Wt. 176 
 
 836 
 
 Baraili 
 
 )} 
 
 }> 
 
 „ but ^^, d-u-, and 1 1 n 
 
 TII03IAS. M •05, Wt. 176 
 
 837 
 
 Surat 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 „ but «U«;, and MM 
 
 MAS8DEN. M VO, Wt, 173 
 
 838 
 
 Akbar- 
 
 abiid 
 
 1117 
 
 >j 
 
 As 789 : but f^ ^ , and 1 1 1 V 
 
 PSINSEP. JR -9, Wt. 176 
 
 839 
 
 Surat 
 
 7} 
 
 >> 
 
 As 758: but F^, and | | | v 
 
 M -9, Wt. 178 
 
 840 
 
 }} 
 
 llarx 
 
 4z 
 
 „ but 1^ and | | (unit of regnal year, and unit 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 and decade of Hijrah year, cut oEF). 
 
 I.O.C. M -76, wt. 90 
 
 841 
 
 Etawa 
 
 1117 
 
 50 
 
 a. 
 
 „ but dj^, I3UI, and | M v 
 
 .51 -9, Wt. 175 
 
 842 
 
 >> 
 
 1118 
 
 M 
 
 As preceding : but | | I A 
 
 M -9. Wt. 176
 
 AURANOZIB 'ALAMGIR. 
 
 161 
 
 No. 
 
 8i3 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year Mg 
 
 844 
 
 [Akbar- 
 abaci] 
 
 Shah- 1118 
 jahsin- 
 abad 
 
 845 
 
 846 
 
 Luck- 
 now 
 
 51 
 
 1119 „ 
 
 As 789 : but a I ; 5^l^•^^' and Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 CVNNINGRAM. M '9, Wt. 176 
 
 As 833 : but mint entirely legible ; and B | , and | | | A 
 
 CUNNIN&SAM. M '9, Wt, 176 
 
 As preceding : but | M^ 
 
 £)| 
 
 PLATFAIE. m-86, Wt. 177 
 
 As 758: but ^V^, A^iw ; no Hijrah year. 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M -95, Wt. 177
 
 ( 102 ) 
 
 A'ZAM SHAH. 
 
 A.H. 1118-1119 = A.D. 1707. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 847 
 
 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 bunyad 
 (Anrang- 
 
 dbdd) 
 
 1118 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 Ji».t <xx^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Pl. XX. MARSDEN. 
 
 W -8, Wt. 16!) 
 
 848 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 >5 
 
 Obv. 
 
 V^ 
 
 
 ^^^X-a. j._«i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \^ * 
 
 
 Ji.a.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. af? 847 ; 
 
 lowest two lines obliterated. 
 
 C't/.A'.Vy.VGi/.^.V. 
 
 >^ -85, Wt. IfiR
 
 A'ZAM SHAH. 
 
 163 
 
 Xo. 
 
 $49 
 
 M 
 
 850 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 851 
 
 Burhau- 
 pur 
 
 Year. 
 
 1119 
 
 ag 
 
 As 847 : hnt j^Jo\,i,[j.j, and ( | ( "^. (Last line of reverse 
 wanting.) 
 
 Pl. XX. MARSDEN. N -8, Wt. 170 
 
 Obv. 
 
 SILVER 
 
 ^nwi ^jti^Jy.^cf' 
 
 >lj|jk^>a.t 
 
 Jj.ta 
 
 Rev. as 847, but | | ( ^ 
 
 Pl. XX. CUNNINGHAM. M -9, Wt. 176 
 
 As 850 : but jyiJlAj-j 
 
 Pl. XX. MASSDEN. M '9, Wt. 17
 
 ( 164 ) 
 
 KAM BAK H S H. 
 
 A.H. 1119— 1120= A. D. 1708. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 852 Haidai- 
 abad 
 
 1120 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 yj^^ [ » * -« 
 
 r 
 
 V . >j^ 
 
 4 J]%^l jl[> 
 
 Rev. 
 
 'I 
 
 p^l^ ^L. 
 
 qs: 
 
 Mr. 
 
 Pl. XXI. GIBBS. iV -9, Wt. 170
 
 KAM BAKH8H. 
 
 165 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 M 
 
 853 
 
 Bijapui 
 
 Year J gig 
 
 1120 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kei 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 3- 
 
 J.1 
 
 L/-5V 
 
 a Li M 
 
 J>- 
 
 -l-« >-^ jb 
 
 v_ 
 
 
 ^-C 
 
 ^L_^ 
 
 PL. XXI. CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 176
 
 ( 166 ) 
 
 VII -S HAH- 'A LAM BAHADUR 
 
 A.H. 1119— 1124=A.D. 1707—1712. 
 
 I 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 854 
 
 Pesh- 
 
 Year. 
 
 ■3 . 
 ttg 
 
 1120 2 
 
 855 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 
 bunjad 
 
 (Aurang 
 
 abad) 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 854. 
 
 GOLD 
 
 V [_ 
 
 ,i>j»o 
 
 Li.j 
 
 33 
 
 I ir. 
 
 o^ 
 
 I'L. XXI. D^ CUNHA. N '8, Wt. 169 
 
 ^^^* 
 
 U-J- 
 
 ^U.o [dU~.]a»Ai 
 
 /.O.r. N -85, Wt. 189
 
 BAHADUR. 
 
 167 
 
 No, 
 
 856 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Shah- 
 j ah a 11- 
 
 1120 
 
 857 
 
 Bur- 
 
 lu'mpur 
 
 &I 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ibt^l^*. 
 
 .]L 
 
 
 lSj^ 
 
 aI 
 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 iu 
 
 
 .-)L 
 
 -P 
 
 aI 
 
 
 
 *J 
 
 I t f * ^''^ «^^>'< ' 
 
 Pr,. XXI. J^ -8, Wt. 167 
 
 r 
 
 -'^- 
 
 J>: 
 
 ,ajIa[^j» 
 
 ^j^i i[r ] 
 
 p]l. 
 
 ■^-i 
 
 
 IfASSDEIf AT -8, Wt. 16;
 
 168 
 
 MOQHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 ! 
 
 No. 
 
 858 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 859 
 
 860 
 
 Shola- 
 pur 
 
 Year. 
 
 1120 
 
 1121 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. as 854. 
 
 }']^-^^) 
 
 )l jh 
 
 
 .]L 
 
 iJJ^ 
 
 4]5C "^- ■ 
 
 Pl. XXI. /.O.C. iV -8, Wt. 170 
 
 V ^ »^^ 
 
 i.^5 — ^^ — »■ 
 
 I.O.C. N g, Wt. 169 
 
 As 854 : but no year on rev., and lowest lines of obv. 
 'J [^ 
 
 V 
 
 J^C^lr* 
 
 N -8, Wt. 1G9
 
 BAHADUR. 
 
 169 
 
 No. 
 
 861 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Khtijis 
 
 tah- 
 
 bunyad 
 
 (Anrang 
 
 abad) 
 
 Year 
 
 1121 
 
 8G2 Ujjain 
 
 863 
 
 1122 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Ob^ 
 
 ^ ■* -^ "0" ^ "* 
 
 I* 
 
 1123 
 
 ^Lf^L-i dJ- 
 
 Eev. as 854, but | | r I 
 
 Pt. XXI. MAItSDEN. W -85, Wt. 169 
 
 As 854 : but I ] I r r after ^jL* on rev., and lowest lines 
 of obv. ^ 'J o 
 
 Pl. XXI. GIBBS. N -85, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^J^ij!i\^ ^j*>^_X_a> 
 
 Rev. 
 
 L..t».*.!^l 
 
 i)W<>-f 
 
 ^ji — i; \ I rr 
 
 )l wiL 
 
 -<l^ 
 
 ^<^ 
 
 jL^ 4$C«f 
 
 Pl. XXr. N 1-25, wt. 184 
 
 z
 
 170 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 864 
 
 Mint. 
 
 8G5 
 
 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 
 bunyad 
 
 (Aurang- 
 
 abad) 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year, 
 
 1123 
 
 As 855: but I I rr.and 
 
 PRINSEP. M -85, Wt. 169 
 
 Obv. 
 
 it_j1]^l_^^ oLw 
 
 AS^HaJt jl^ j^ 
 
 ^^A^L^ ^^&Aa> 
 
 Eev. as 854 : but no year. 
 
 MARSDEN. N -85, Wt. 169
 
 BAHADUR. 
 
 171 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "So 
 2i !>. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SIL VE K. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S66 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 1119 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 AjJ'i^a^l j_a_;l~-<> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^^Lo w<M«A^ cHJ^*^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J^l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [^] 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 .1 
 
 
 >k J^w ^'[^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .1 ±. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 1 ni)jU[l AC-, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XX[. THOMAS. 
 
 M % Wt. 178 
 
 867 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 n 
 
 J> 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 .1 _i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^L) ^L-ft oLi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AX ^ — -» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \\\^ <^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXI. THOMAS. 
 
 M -9, Wt. 176
 
 172 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 868 
 
 869, 
 870 
 
 Mint. 
 
 'Azfm- 
 
 abad 
 
 (Patnah) 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 1120 
 
 Ob\ 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 CH 
 
 r 
 
 ^^ 
 
 a: 
 
 diiii[j 
 
 1 1 r. aC-, 
 
 Pl. XXI. CUNNINGHAM. M VOS, Wt. 174 
 
 ^^^_'l— « ^jmIaA^ 
 
 JUUJI 
 
 ^J. 
 
 ^ ^4J 
 
 s ^" J 
 
 EDEN. M -9, Wt. 176 
 Pt. XXI. EDEN. M -85, Wt. 177
 
 BAHADUR. 
 
 173 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 871 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Year, 
 
 1120 2 
 
 !72 
 
 873 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Burhan 
 pur 
 
 Obv. 
 
 -* la JL >.. )i jl^ 
 
 1121 
 
 ^^aJL« ^/*)|| aA»» 
 
 Rev. 
 
 \JJ^^ 
 
 >]^ 
 
 
 THEOBALD. M '8, Wt. 176 
 
 r 
 
 As 856:. but Aiw and I I r I 
 
 /.O.C. M -8, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. as 869 : but | | r ( 
 
 Pl. XXI. /.O.C. .51 -9, Wt. 176
 
 174 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 874 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Shola- 
 pur 
 
 875 
 
 Siirat 
 
 876 
 
 JL 
 
 2 
 
 1122 
 
 112? 
 
 
 Wxx 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 t-H 
 
 H= t-^. 
 
 i^JIa 
 
 1.)^ 
 
 J>- 
 
 ^jl-c o\ t>i\ J 
 
 I irr 
 
 J"^ 
 
 d C w 
 
 Tl. XXI. CUNNINGHAM. 2& 05, Wt. 175 
 
 (^ L/^i 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 \_ 'I ' ^^1 Q ■ 
 
 ■Jj—'^ 
 
 sL^J^^ 
 
 Eev. as 809 : but M TT 
 
 Pl. XXI. GEANT. M -95, Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. 
 
 r 
 
 Rev. as 869 : year partly obliterated ( | | ) 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -75, Wt. 89
 
 ( 175 ) 
 
 VI I I. -J AH AN DAR 
 
 A.H. 1124 = A.D. 1712. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "5 . 
 
 be ^ 
 P3^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 N 
 877 
 
 Khu- 
 jistah- 
 bunyacl 
 (Aurang- 
 
 abad) 
 
 1124 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 u^3 ■*•— «^ ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ L^^ <:kX~.a>.:^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 o]l -tj 
 
 1 1 rp 
 
 j]t^ -A^ a. olr— 5 
 
 ** „ ,.-,»- 
 
 Pl. XXII. CUKNINGHAU 
 
 N 9, Wt. 169
 
 176 
 
 MUQHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 878 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, 
 
 Khu- 
 
 jisbah- 
 
 bunyad 
 
 879 
 
 880 
 
 Surat 
 
 1124 
 
 [11]24 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jaliaii- 
 
 abacl 
 
 1124 
 
 Obv. as 877. 
 Eev. 
 
 ol ^ jljk il. 
 
 ^^ » 
 
 Pl. XXII. Z)^ CUNHA. N S, Wt. 170 
 
 Obv. as 877 : but mint C>^^ 
 Eev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 >J <3^' L>> 
 
 7)4 CUNHA. N -85, Wt. 170 
 
 V 
 
 II jb 
 
 ;l 
 
 ■It 
 
 
 '^J 
 
 Pl. XXII. MARSBEN. N '85 Wt. IfiO
 
 JAHANDAE. 
 
 177 
 
 No. 
 
 881, 
 882, 
 883 
 
 884 
 
 Mint. 
 
 [Akbar- 
 abtid] 
 
 Year. 
 
 112[4] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^^^_3l_o 
 
 ' r ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 aI 
 
 
 5-^' 
 
 
 «L^ 3 
 
 Air'^ 
 
 MABSBEN. iV -75, Wt. 169 
 
 J)^ CUNHA. Jf -75, Wt. 169 
 
 PEINSEP. N -7, Wt. 168 
 
 Obv. as 877 : mint obliterated. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 l5[J]^^ 
 
 *]L 
 
 (S) <Uwjljul,^o[U 
 
 ..• [O^]^ 
 
 J.O.C. N' -8, Wt. 170 
 
 A A
 
 178 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 885 
 
 88G 
 
 887, 
 888 
 
 889 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 jalian- 
 abad 
 
 [Akbar 
 abad] 
 
 Shah- 
 jaban- 
 abad 
 
 Year, 
 
 6f ee 
 
 1124 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 As 880. 
 
 S I L V E E . 
 
 ^jl »-« Ji_a.[l 
 
 <t .; .■ 
 
 c 
 
 il — .^l^v 
 
 AS'i^.aJt jli J.-3 
 
 }t.><Jl'y-^ 
 
 6 1 -« _5 >v^ J' — i 
 
 Pl. XXI r. GRANT. M -85, Wt. 177 
 
 TBOMAS. M -9, Wt. 173 
 
 As 881: mint obliterated ; | | Tl^ fully legible on 887. 
 
 Pi,. XXII. ]£DEN. M -9, Wt. 177 
 THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 <2 
 
 1 iric 
 
 A 
 
 
 Pl. XXII. (Nisar.) THOMAS. M -6, Wt. 45
 
 ( 179 ) 
 
 X.-F ARRUKH-SIYAR. 
 
 A.H. 1124— 1131 = A.D. 1713— 1719. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 890 
 
 Mur- 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 [1124] 
 
 891 Shah- 
 jab an- 
 abad 
 
 1127 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 V . Jj.[^ 
 
 j—t ' ^J ^ J [ J 3 
 
 PL. XXII. DA CUNRA. N' -75, Wt. 170 
 V i/'O 
 
 f 
 
 ^[i-"] ^f^ J-^3 Av^ 
 ol -[jl — J; 
 
 J ^ 5 [jl 
 
 1 1 r V 5j ** ^^ "*' 
 
 Pl. XXII. aiBBS. N -85, Wt. 1C9
 
 180 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 892 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1129 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 893 
 
 Baraili 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 ^t*- r^* .rr'i J"= 
 
 >L 
 
 ^^L 
 
 iirl 
 
 J ^— 
 
 it 
 
 J' ^J 
 
 j;: -, 
 
 PL. XXII. PSINSEF. N -9, Wt. 169 
 
 tH^J 
 
 ^3— La* 
 
 a I] -' 
 
 ^k JJ 3 y>- 
 
 a]5C 
 
 " > 
 
 J- 
 
 J il 
 
 j' >j 
 
 Pl. XXII. (Barbarous.) I.O.C. A' VO, Wi. 163
 
 » 
 
 FARBUKH-SIYAB. 
 
 181 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 1 f-" 
 
 .... . 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 894 
 
 Burhan- 
 pur 
 
 — 
 
 6 
 
 Obv. 
 
 j^^J^JL-o ^^3 — \._«a- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jb^-— " j'^ '*— = — ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j^ 1 jl . Aj. J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 892 : 
 
 but no Hijrah year. 
 
 Pt. XXII. GIBBS. 
 
 iV -85, 
 
 Wt. 169 
 
 895 
 
 Patnah 
 
 1130 
 
 7 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A*i> J,-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 892 
 
 but 1 1 r . 
 
 MARSDEN. 
 
 ^ -8, 
 
 Wt. 169 
 
 896 
 
 Shah- 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 5) 
 
 j> 
 
 Obv. as 891 
 Eev. 
 
 : but regnal year v 
 
 j^ — • f >— ^ J— *■ 
 
 JT ■%, 
 
 Wt. 1«9
 
 182 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 897 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Multan 
 
 Year. 
 
 1130 
 
 Obv. 
 
 CH> 
 
 iic 
 
 t-r'> 
 
 JLft. A ; » 
 
 Rev. as 892 : but 1 1 r . 
 
 Tl. XXII. nAY. iV -8, Wt. 169 
 
 898 
 
 Bijapiir 
 
 Ob\ 
 
 
 Rev. as 892. 
 
 Pl. XXII. I.O.C. y -85, Wt. 169 
 
 899 
 
 Lahort 
 
 [1]131 
 
 As 892 : but dUw on obv., and [ I J ( Tl on rev. 
 
 J.O.C. Jf -8, Wt. 169 
 
 I
 
 FABBUKH-SIYAR. 
 
 183 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 03 
 
 900 
 
 1125 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 900« 
 
 Karrah 
 
 _ 3 Obv, 
 
 Hev. 
 
 901 
 
 Guti 
 
 1128 5 
 
 Obv. 
 
 SMALL ISSUE 
 
 I iro 
 
 t^ 
 
 .>-o-s>--« 
 
 Pt. XXII. iV -35, Wt. 22 
 
 U_I«l 
 
 J^ 
 
 r 
 
 Jf.^ ^J.[} 
 
 ' V 
 
 PL. XXII. /.O.C. A^ -45, wt. 53 
 
 
 Rev. as 900: but sita 
 
 PL. XXII. J/ -35, Wt. 44 
 
 902 
 
 Gang- 
 pur 
 
 Obv. 
 
 a 
 
 V >j^ 
 
 Rev. as 900 : but year obliterated. 
 
 Pl. XXII. iV -3, wt. 22
 
 184 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 li 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 903 
 
 Jahan- 
 
 girna- 
 
 gar 
 
 1124 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 Rev. 
 
 as 890 : but mint jliiJj^Wc^ 
 
 
 ^bjiis^ ^i)[l^l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIII. MAESDEN. M 
 
 •9, Wt. 187 
 
 904 
 
 Multau 
 
 1125 
 
 ?> 
 
 Obv. 
 Rev. 
 
 as 890 : but mint ^^^ 
 1^ 1 iro 
 
 
 ^w ^i-J^ A.X.W 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M 
 
 •9, wt. 175 
 
 905 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 Obv. 
 
 i^^^ jj-J^-Xj^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^U-<JI ^aj:~.« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r Aw 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^]W!>«&[t 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 as 896 : but no Hijrah year. 
 
 phinsep. m 
 
 •9, Wt. 176
 
 FARBUKH-SIYAB. 
 
 185 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 906 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Surat 
 
 Year. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 w^'y 
 
 >^\.-< 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 £03/JB4r ^/S. /SOC. ^ -95, Wt. 179 
 
 907, 
 908 
 
 Katak 
 
 1125 
 
 Obv. as 906 : but mint JL;:£3 
 
 Eev. 
 
 ^4 J— **— ^ J' ij 
 
 ^r iiro 
 
 909 
 
 910 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jalian- 
 
 absid 
 
 Lahore 
 
 (On 908, (J». transferred to end of first line.) 
 
 Pt. XXIII. MASSDEN. M -9, Wt. 187 
 MARSDEN. M '9, Wl. Is7 
 
 r 
 
 As 891 : but <u«j, and no Hijrah year. 
 
 THOMAS. M -85, Wt. 177 
 
 1125 
 
 Obv. as 892 : but r a^-w 
 Rev. 
 
 
 a]5L 
 
 J(j]3 >ff«- [^] >tJ 
 
 f?Orr. OF TNDIA. M -9, Wt. 175 
 B B
 
 186 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOES. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 •Jll 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, bog 
 
 912 
 
 913 
 
 Multan 
 
 914 
 
 Akbav- 
 jibad 
 
 'Azim- 
 
 fibad 
 
 (Patnab 
 
 [11]2G 
 
 Katak 
 
 112G 
 
 Obv. 
 
 V >j. 
 
 U^[' 
 
 Rev. 
 
 \±:i 
 
 i it 
 
 ^] , 
 
 As 905 : but r aJLj 
 Obv. 
 
 -w ^-» ij 
 
 .ai -P, Wt. 176 
 
 OIBBS. M -9, Wt. 17( 
 
 ^yV 
 
 Eev. 
 
 JD5 
 
 ^ ^ c 
 
 ^l — j! V, ij.^ 
 
 .]L 
 
 
 ■i 3 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 Obv. as 913 : but v» 
 
 ^. 
 
 
 Kev. as 892, varied ; I I T 1 below J*^ 
 
 3fARSD£N. M '9, Wt. 187
 
 FAREUEH-SIYAB. 
 
 187 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 1 
 
 
 M 
 
 915, 
 
 Shah- 
 
 1127 
 
 As 891 : but Hijrah year | | Tv (obliterated on 915). 
 
 916 
 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 
 
 BBEN. M -9, Wt. 174 
 PLAYFAIM. M -85, Wt. 173 
 
 917 
 
 Siirat 
 
 [11]27 
 
 5) 
 
 As 906 : but Aiw ; mint obliterated except O and the 
 
 vowel ' ; and T v legible at left of rev. 
 
 M -9, wt. 177 
 
 918 
 
 Etavva 
 
 1128 
 
 5 
 
 Obv. ^yU 
 
 
 
 
 
 I3151 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 892 : but year | | Ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIII. THOMAS. M I'OS, Wt. 176 
 
 919 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1128 
 
 5J 
 
 As 905 : but 9 a:^, and | | T A above rev. 
 
 PRINSEP. M -9, wt. 177 
 
 920 
 
 Chi'na- 
 pataii 
 
 )) 
 
 i) 
 
 Obv. cH]>[-i^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 llev. as 90(5 : with year | | Ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIII. I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 179
 
 188 
 
 MOOHUL EMPEEOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 ■ 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 921 
 
 Surat 
 
 
 5 
 
 As 906 : but a^ 
 
 MABSDEN. M -9. "Wt. 178 
 
 922 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 1128 
 
 j> 
 
 8 
 
 As 891 : but Aiw, and | | Ta over J.-a5, and j\ in last 
 
 line of rev. 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M Vl, Wt. 178 
 
 923 
 
 )) 
 
 )j 
 
 5) 
 
 As 922 : but [jl] before J-aJ and | | Ta at end of rev. 
 
 M -BS, Wd. 177 
 
 924 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 [11]29 
 
 J> 
 
 Obv. as 905 : but di'i)UJI ^aL^, 8 Ai-» 
 Eev. as 892. 
 
 Pi,. XXni. MARSDEN. M -Qo, Wt. 176 
 
 925 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 1129 
 
 5> 
 
 8 
 
 As 891 : but aj^, and | | T ^ over J-oi ; jt in last line. 
 
 PL. XXTII. THOMAS. M VO. Wt. 177 
 
 926 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 6 
 
 As 925 : but aw 
 
 GRANT. M 1-05, Wt. 175 
 
 927 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 1129 
 
 j> 
 
 Obv. (j«>»yU 
 
 Cw-; — ♦— -— • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jl_,_Jl3-& 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 892. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIII. I.O.C. ^ -95, Wt 175
 
 FABB UKE-SIYAB. 
 
 189 
 
 No. 
 
 928. 
 929 
 
 930. 
 931 
 
 932 
 
 93^ 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Mur- 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 Ark at 
 
 rear. 
 
 1129 
 
 [11]30 
 
 As 892 : but 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 PL. XXIII. THOMAS. M VI, Wt. 172 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M 'O, Wt. 178 
 
 u^y 
 
 *^. 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 a]5C 
 
 -[- 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -85, Wt. 180 
 PL. XXIII. MARSDEN. M "S, Wt. 179 
 
 Obv. as 905 : but As^j^aJi I jlLm^ v d*w 
 Eev. as 892 : [| |]r. 
 
 TSEOBALD. M -95, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^^\^ 
 
 .[_,_. 
 
 
 A_^ A A. 
 
 ..)j*0 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 .1]. 
 
 I ir.» 
 
 >^ ^ 
 
 
 PL. XXIII. EDEN. M -9, Wt. 177
 
 190 
 
 MOQHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 934 
 
 935 
 
 936 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Surat 
 
 Maltan 
 
 A'zam- 
 natrar 
 
 Year. 
 
 1130 
 
 As 906 : but Aiw. No Hijrali year. 
 
 BOMBAY AS. SOC. M VO, Wt. 179 
 L 
 
 Obv. as 904 : but <xi.^ 
 Rev. as 892 : but | | r ♦ 
 
 Pl. XXIII. CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 CH 
 
 13JI.O 
 
 
 V ) 
 
 6\ ] t, 
 
 J o 9 
 
 Pl. XX [II. GIBBS. M -9, Wt. 177
 
 ( 191 ) 
 
 X.-RAF I'-AD-DARAJAT. 
 
 A.H. 1131 = A.-D. 1719. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 937 
 
 937a 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shjih- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. I U)^ 
 
 1131 
 
 Mu'az- 
 zam- 
 abad 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^j ^ 
 
 ^-^ ■ ■ 
 V ( 
 
 Pl. XXIII. I.O.C. N -85, Wt. 169 
 
 
 UH> 
 
 J_^ «<» 
 
 Eev. As preceding, partly obliterated ; | | Tl under 
 
 Pl. XXIII. GJtANT. N -8, Wt. 168
 
 192 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 938, 
 939 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 940, 
 941 
 
 941 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Kiira 
 
 1131 
 
 SILVER, 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 -!/- 
 
 
 Rev. as 937. 
 
 Pl. XXIII. CUNNINGHAM. JR 1-0, Wt. 172 
 E'D^JV. Si -85, Wt. 173 
 
 As 937 : but I I r I at left top of rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M -9, Wt. 175 
 Pt. XXIIl. GRANT. Al -95, Wt. 173 
 
 3U 
 
 Eev. as 937. 
 
 Pl. XXIII. CUNNINGHAM. M O, Wt. 175
 
 RAFI '-AD-DABAJA T. 
 
 193 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 •J4;3 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Yenr. 
 
 03' 
 
 Lahore 
 
 1131 1 
 
 944 
 
 Patnah? 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ^j»)^\ M ^jt} 
 
 -Oi * < 
 
 "v jj^ 
 
 \ ».J>-JI «,_;_9; 
 
 >. II ) 
 
 V 11 J 
 
 PL. XXIII. EDEN. M -95, Wt. 177 
 
 Obv. as 942 : but w>o 
 Eev. as 937. 
 
 TEOMAS. M -93, Wt. 179 
 
 C C
 
 ( 194 ) 
 
 XI -RAFP-AD-DAULAH SHAH-JAHAN II 
 
 A.H. 1131 = A.D. 1719. 
 
 No. 
 
 945 
 
 946 
 
 Mint 
 
 Year. 
 
 Shah. 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 bunysid 
 (Aurang- 
 
 ^bad) 
 
 1131 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv, 
 
 Eev. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 ^. 
 
 i^X-CW 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 jV*.« £IXm> 
 
 PL. XXIV. GEAIST. N -9, Wt. 1C7 
 
 J-^^ 
 
 -[- 
 
 
 I in 
 
 Tl. XXIV. CUNNINGUAM. N '8, TVt. 109
 
 BAFI'-AD-DAULAH. 
 
 195 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 ■3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 947 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1131 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (JM)^t« W«.^«_A^ ^JMI^X^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 «x »^\ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 945, but | | r 1 at top. 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XXIV. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 948 
 
 Baraih' 
 
 >j 
 
 J) 
 
 Obv. u'-y ^ 
 
 *.5^:^>^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 945, but | | r 1 over ^jU« 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pt. XXIV. GMANT. M VO, Wt. 175 
 
 949 
 
 Surat 
 
 — 
 
 !) 
 
 As 948-: but mint O . . . aud no Hijrali year visible. 
 
 I.O.C. M. -95, wt. 177 
 
 950 
 
 'Azfm- 
 
 jibad 
 
 (Patnah) 
 
 1131 
 
 JJ 
 
 Obv. iW >»-s-i»c 
 
 V 1 J .A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^j«)^ L« C... *<»;.« j^^^Ls*. 
 
 
 
 
 
 JUS^l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. ^ Jl fr oLi^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iiri ^j^ ..<, 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XXIV. THEOBALD. M, -95, AVt. 178
 
 196 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 1)51 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Year. 
 
 1131 
 
 952 
 
 Mur- 
 
 sbid- 
 abad 
 
 Obv. as 943. 
 
 Rev. as 945 : | | 
 
 I over ^jL.0 
 
 Pl. XXIV. CUyNINGHAM. M '9, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. as 948, but mint ^'^A^^ja 
 
 Rev. 
 
 O^— 1^*^ dl—i 
 
 I in 
 
 Pt. XXIV. GOVT. OF INDIA. M S, Wt. 180
 
 ( 197 ) 
 
 N I K U -S I YAR 
 
 A.H. 1131 = A.D. 1719. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 N 
 953 
 
 Surat 
 
 '/) 
 
 Tear.Ucg 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 GOLD, 
 
 CA- 
 
 ij) X ry> 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIV. I.O.C. JT -95, Wt. 171
 
 ( 198 ) 
 
 I B rahTm. 
 
 A.H. 1132 = A.D. 1720. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 954, 
 
 Shdh- 
 
 1132 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. as 
 
 945. 
 
 1)55 
 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 .1 
 
 iirr ^1 ^\ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J ■^ « [-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O'-lr-P- J^ ij A-^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CUyNINGHAM. N S, Wt. 167 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIV. GIBBS. N -75, Wt. 16S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 jR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 95G, 
 
 >) 
 
 )) 
 
 5> 
 
 As 951 : 
 
 but 1 1 r r at right of rev. 
 
 957 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Date effaced on 957.) 
 
 Tl. XXI7. CUNNINGHAM. M -9, Wt. 17.5 
 GIBBS. M -8, Wt. 172
 
 ( 199 ) 
 
 XII. -MUHAMMAD SHAH 
 
 A.H. 1131— 11G1=A.D. 1719—1748. 
 
 No. 
 
 958 
 
 959 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 bunyad 
 (Auranj 
 abad) 
 
 Shiih- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 1131 
 
 1134 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 1 ^ . -A 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ij^ 
 
 ^L>_;_^ <C^_a»._o> 
 
 «lw Ji«.a». 
 
 * 1 in 
 
 
 r* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j^-^ 
 
 4_i:_w 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXV. 
 
 J.O.C. j^ -65. Wt. 169 
 
 iLl lt,_c^ 
 
 A. 4 
 
 
 
 "^^1 jb 
 
 
 ^^V^ SiI^A^A.0 ^^A^ 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 4J 
 
 
 
 r I in'" 
 
 JLJ ^^1^ — 5 w-».l — o 
 
 Pl. XXV. (Formerly ringed.) iV I'O
 
 200 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEEORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, 
 
 ■3 . 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 960 
 
 ShAh- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 U3[7] 
 
 7 
 
 As 959 : but d-w, and | ) T (unit cut off). 
 
 MASSDEN. iV -8, Wt. 168 
 
 As 958 : but a*--, I3OI ; and | | r^ 
 
 961 
 
 Etiivva 
 
 1139 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 iV 1-1, wt. 108 
 
 961a 
 
 
 I XXX 
 
 J) 
 
 As preceding : but mint and Hijrah date effaced. 
 
 (Siirat fabric.) EANKS. N -75, Wt. 169 
 1 1 
 
 962, 
 
 Shah- 
 
 Uxx 
 
 11 
 
 As 959 : but <iUw, and | | 
 
 963 
 
 jahan- 
 abjid 
 
 
 
 N -8, wt. 168 
 I.O.C. jV -75, Wt. 1G8 
 
 964 
 
 >) 
 
 n-ix 
 
 U 
 
 As 959 : but aJ^, and | | f- (unit cut oS). 
 
 MARSDEJV. N 75, Wt. 167 
 
 965 
 
 >> 
 
 114[5] 
 
 15 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw, and | | f- (unit cut off). 
 
 iV -8, Wt. 168 
 
 966 
 
 >> 
 
 114[6] 
 
 16 
 
 As 959 : but <sUw, and ( 1 1^ (unit cut off). 
 
 N *8, wt. 168 
 
 967 
 
 Akbar- 
 abud 
 
 1U7 
 
 17 
 
 Obv. ,^^-Jl— « ^_;*»^_L^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 aJ'^VsJi.JI jiL-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 V dU~< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 iW!>f^» 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | pv 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXV. iV -85, Wt. 168 
 
 967a 
 
 Siirat 
 
 lla:;c 
 
 
 As 958 : but regnal year cut off ; mint 0;3.[-i] ; 
 and 1 1 (decimal and unit cut off). 
 
 BANK COLL. ^ -85, Wc. 171 
 
 1
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 201 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 968 Etawa 
 
 969 
 
 970, 
 971 
 
 972 
 
 1150 
 
 Khujis- 
 
 tah- 
 bunyad 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 973 
 
 11[50] 
 
 1152 
 
 20 
 
 Kash- 
 mir 
 
 1153 
 
 1154 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 2i 
 
 As 958 : but Aw, t^UI ; and Mo. 
 
 Pl. XXV. PRINSEP. Jf -9, "Wt. 169 
 
 As 958 : but <tw, and | | (unit and decade cut off). 
 
 Z.O.C. jr -8, wt. 169 
 
 rr 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw, and I I c r ( I I ca; on 971) 
 
 I.O.C. jr -95, wt. 16S 
 MARSBEN. Jf -9, Wt. 168 
 
 rr 
 
 As 959 : but Aw, and | | C I 
 
 Obv., in centre, within triple circle, 
 
 jV -85, Wt. 169 
 
 ^^—L»- 
 
 Around, in four ovals with ornamented borders. 
 
 Rev., interlaced, 
 
 £>d 
 
 L 
 
 Pl. XXV. CVNNINGHAII. Jf -85, Wt. 168 
 D D
 
 202 
 
 MOGEUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 974 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Year. Mg 
 
 1155 
 
 975 
 
 975a 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 libad 
 
 Ahmad 
 nagar 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 
 [cibad] 
 
 25 
 
 1157 
 
 26 
 
 31 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 -Jj-'O 
 
 -i"' "^ c "^ 
 
 u-». 
 
 i^^L«o ^J,)^^ 
 
 Kev. as 958 : but 116 
 
 As 959 : but aw, and | | C v 
 
 Pt. XXV. iV -8, Wt. 1C8 
 
 MAESBEN. iV 115, Wt. 1C6 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^^\ 
 
 K 
 
 n 
 
 .5uj^-a.» 
 
 Kev. 
 
 
 j]L.« A^ 
 
 Pi. XXV. i\^ -95, Wt. 107
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 203 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 976 
 
 Karrah 
 
 1161 
 
 977 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SMALL ISSUE 
 
 
 lilt «Lii[L 
 
 Pl. XXV. I.O.C. N -4, Wt. 52 
 
 
 PL. XXV. J.O.C. A' -5, wt. 51
 
 204 
 
 MOQHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 978 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. ^% 
 
 Akbar- 
 iibad 
 
 1132 
 
 979 
 
 Surat 
 
 980 
 
 iisrz 
 
 33] 
 
 Mur- 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 Obv. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | r T 
 
 11 [32- 
 331 
 
 CUNNINOEAM. M O, "Wt. 17C 
 
 Obv. 
 
 r 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | r (unit cut oflf). 
 
 B02fB4r .45. SOC. iR IOC, wt. 176 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ]yU 
 
 CH 
 
 r 
 V }j^ 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | (unit and decade cut off). 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M -85, Wt. 180
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 205 
 
 No. 
 
 JR 
 
 981 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year, 
 
 Siirat 
 
 113[3 
 
 982 
 
 983 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahiin- 
 
 abad 
 
 984 
 
 985 
 
 Akbar- 
 nagar 
 Oudh 
 
 1134 
 
 1135 
 
 As 979 : but Aiw, and | | T (unit cut off). 
 
 B03IBAY AS. SOC. M ro, "Wt. 17S 
 
 As 979 : but Aw, and | | r (unit cut off). 
 
 M 1-0, wt. 178 
 
 As 959 : but Aw, and | | rf- (over wKa-Us). 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 9 
 
 „ but Aw, and | | To (over w^».L») 
 
 MAESDEN. M SS, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 \ *_5o>*£3t 
 
 3jl j—K^j 
 
 JjwO 
 
 >iyX.e^ A-A.W 
 
 3U 
 
 w*'^ 
 
 Kev. as 958: but | | Tfi 
 
 Pl. XXV. CVNXINGHAM. M. 10, Wt. 174
 
 206 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1-- 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 986 
 
 Akbar- 
 
 11[36- 
 
 6 
 
 Obv. j^^JU 
 
 
 
 abad? 
 
 37] 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (9 >L,r^]^[i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 958 : unit and decade cut off. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M -9, 
 
 Wt. 175 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 987 
 
 Siirat 
 
 
 5> 
 
 As 979 : but <Uw ; Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 BOifBAT AS. SOC. M -95, 
 
 Wt. 178 
 
 988 
 
 Lahore 
 
 — 
 
 )5 
 
 As 974 : but "1 a.w ; Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 M -85, 
 
 •Wt. 176 
 
 989 
 
 Tattah 
 
 1137 
 
 )) 
 
 Obv. t^^U 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ i 
 
 
 Ai-J ^-<3 
 
 
 
 
 
 (aJJ pointed.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | Tv over U« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MABSDEN. m. -8, 
 
 Wt. 177
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 207 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 990 
 
 991 
 
 992 
 
 Mint. 
 
 'Azim- 
 abad* 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 'Azi'm- 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 11 [36- 
 37] 
 
 1137 
 
 es 
 
 Obv. 
 
 (JaOAjV 
 
 t^^-* 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | | (unit cut ofF). 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M '85, Wt. 178 
 V 
 
 As 959 : but aJ^, and j ) Tv (over w-a-Lo). 
 
 I.O.C. M -85, wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 il_.l ^— ^[li. 
 
 ^^^Lo ^« '.»«>^ ^^oXtk. 
 
 I irv 
 
 ii J 
 
 
 ^,t 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M -85, "Wt. 180 
 
 * The « tlius dotted, compared with no. 992, identifies the 
 mint.
 
 208 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 li 
 3 f". 
 
 
 M 
 
 993 
 
 Etawa 
 
 1139 
 
 9 
 
 As 958 : but Aw, I3I5I ; and 1 1 r^ 
 
 M 1-0, Wt, 177 
 
 994 
 
 }} 
 
 lUO 
 
 j> 
 
 As preceding, but MP* 
 
 PLAYFAIR. M VO, Wt. 173 
 
 995 
 
 Lahore] 
 
 11[3 - 
 
 40] 
 
 j> 
 
 As 974 : but ^ dw, mint and Hijrah year partly 
 obliterated. 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. S. -85, Wt. 175 
 
 99G 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 J5 
 
 >> 
 
 As 959 : but d-iw, and | | (unit and decade cut ofif). 
 
 jR -85, Wt. 175 
 
 997 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 11 [40- 
 41] 
 
 10 
 
 As 967: but 1 ♦ AiW, and | | (unit and decade cut oflf). 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. ^ -9, Wt. 175 
 
 998 
 
 Kura 
 
 1141 
 
 11 
 
 Obv. ,,;^^L« 
 
 
 
 
 
 f 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ *^rh 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 h^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 958 : but M F | 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XXV. TdAFLSDEN, B. -95, Wt. 174
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 209 
 
 No. 
 
 JR 
 999 
 
 1000 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jaban- 
 
 abiid 
 
 1001 
 
 1002 
 
 Year. 
 
 1142 11 
 
 Etawa 
 
 1003 
 
 1143 
 
 12 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw, and ( | 
 
 - r (over w»».L?) 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -85, Wt. 176 
 
 I r 
 
 but Aiw, and I I ^ r 
 
 GO FT. OF INDIA. M -9, Wt. 175 
 
 13 
 
 11[43- 
 
 44] 
 
 1004 
 
 1005 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 vSurat 
 
 11[44. 
 
 45] 
 
 1145 15 
 
 14 
 
 ir 
 
 but <tw, and | | ^r 
 
 ir 
 
 As 958: but <Uw, IjUl; and 
 
 cut off). 
 
 I.O.C. M -85, Wt. 175 
 
 (unit and decade 
 
 GRANT. M 10, Wt. 175 
 
 As 974 : but | f- A*«>, and 
 cut off*). 
 
 I I Y (unit and decade 
 
 I.O.C. M •85, Wt. 175 
 
 n[45- 
 
 46] 
 
 As 959 : but Aiw, and | ( Fc (over wo-lo) 
 
 DE BODE. M -8, Wt. 174 
 
 19 
 
 As 979 : but <u*» ; | | (unit and decade cut off). 
 
 I.O.C. M -95, wt. 175 
 E E
 
 210 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1- 
 
 
 M 
 
 1006 
 
 Shah- 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 114[6- 
 
 47J 
 
 16 
 
 11 
 As 959 : but <*.w, and | | f- (unit cut off). 
 
 MABSDHy. M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 1007 
 
 Lahore 
 
 11 [46. 
 47J 
 
 » 
 
 n 
 
 As 974 : but Ai-j, and | | (unit aud decade cut off). 
 
 I.O.C. M -8, wt. 175 
 
 |v 
 
 1008 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 1147 
 
 17 
 
 As 959 : but Aiw, and ( | t-v 
 
 J.O.C. M 9, wt. 175 
 
 1009 
 
 >> 
 
 [.,] 
 
 j> 
 
 As preceding ; but Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 M -85, Wt. 171 
 
 1010 
 
 j» 
 
 )j 
 
 >> 
 
 As preceding; but Hijrah year | | }^v over w*»-l.o 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M So, Wt, 176 
 
 1011 
 
 Ajayur 1 
 
 1148 
 
 Ix 
 
 Obv. i^^yLo 
 
 ([ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J3 i^— »-' 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but I | r a 
 
 PL. XXV. JB. -95, wt. 179
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 211 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 1012 
 
 1013 
 
 1014 
 
 1015 
 
 1016 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Shah- 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 (Lahore) 
 
 Islam 
 
 abad 
 
 (Chitta- 
 
 gong) 
 
 n[48 
 
 49] 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 1017 
 
 Benares 
 
 114[9] 
 
 11L49- 
 
 50] 
 
 1150 
 
 20 
 
 As 959 : but a^, Hijrab year partly cut off. 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA, M So, Wt. 171 
 
 n 
 
 As 979: but Aiw, and | | (unit and decade cut off). 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M '95, Wt. 178 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw, and | | f- (over w-o-l-s). 
 
 DE BODE. M -85, "Wt. 176 
 
 As 974 : but | ^ aw, mint and Hijrali year partly 
 obliterated. 
 
 I.O.C. M -8, wt. 171 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | c 
 
 PRINSEP. m. -9, Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. 
 
 i]W' 
 
 
 ^J 
 
 Lj 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | c> . 
 
 EDEN. JR -9, Wt. 175
 
 212 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 1018 
 
 Lahore 
 
 115[0] 
 
 20 
 
 As 971 : but r • 4-w, mint partly obliterated, and unit 
 of Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 THEOBJ.LD. M -75, Wt. 177 
 
 1019 
 
 Shah- 
 abad 
 
 1151 
 
 21 
 
 Obv. t^yU 
 
 W * *— « 
 
 ri 
 
 ^^ jIjI dU» 
 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | Q | 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXV. M 10, Wt. 174 
 
 
 
 
 
 rr 
 
 1020 
 
 Shah- 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 1152 
 
 22 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw, and MOT 
 
 THOMAS. JR -9, "Wt, 175 
 
 1021 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 » 
 
 As preceding, but Hijrah j-ear cut off. 
 
 M '85, wt. 171 
 
 1022 
 
 'Azim- 
 abad 
 
 1152 
 
 J} 
 
 Obv. it '' ^ . J^c 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^^j l_« w~i»i;.0 
 
 
 
 
 
 f r* j_;«,^Ajfc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 /i 1 -• 
 
 Eev. as 958 : but | I r» and a£»» above ^jU* 
 
 
 
 
 
 MAESDEX. M 11, Wt. 179
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 213 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 JR 
 
 1023 'Azim- 
 tibad 
 
 1024 
 
 1025 
 
 Year- 
 
 1152 22 
 
 Shah- 1153 
 jahan- 
 abad 
 
 1026 
 
 1027 
 
 1028 
 
 1029 
 
 23 
 
 As preceding, mint partly obliterated. 
 
 i.o.c. M -9, Wt. 177 
 
 rr 
 
 As 959 : but a;.^ and | | 8 1 
 
 II10MA8. M 1-0, Wt. 175 
 
 As preceding, unit of Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 Z)E BODE. Si •85, Wt. 170 
 
 L154 
 
 24 
 
 1155 
 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 abad 
 
 115[5] 
 
 25 
 
 As 959 : but A^ and 
 
 GHANT. M -9, wt. 172 
 
 but <U~», and | I C Ci 
 
 GEAKT. M -95, Wt. 172 
 
 As preceding, but unit of Hijrah year effaced. 
 
 aSANT. M 1-05, wt. 160 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ^j*»^V 
 
 r9 
 
 ^^ >j 
 
 iV' 
 
 t^ 
 
 Rev. as 959 : but | | C C (over v.y-a.U) 
 
 Pi. XXV. EDF^'^. M 1-05. Wt. 174
 
 214 
 
 MOOHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint, 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 1030 
 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 iiofs; 
 
 25 
 
 Obv. u-iy^ 
 
 sZ^^: — 8 — '.—-0 
 
 
 
 
 
 il_.]l ^-^^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | | i> (unit cut off). 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M 85, AVt. 179 
 
 1031 
 
 Etawa 
 
 1156 
 
 26 
 
 n 
 
 Obv. as 958 : but *U-, I^UI ; and | | c T 
 
 THEOBALD. M 10, Wt. 175 
 
 1032 
 
 Siwai- 
 Jaipur 
 
 )> 
 
 )) 
 
 Obv. ^^•yU 
 
 w — ^ — 0— i — -0 
 
 
 
 
 
 J>-iL5-^'^'>-'^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 958 -.but | U 1 
 
 PL. XXV. I.O.C. M % Wt. 175 
 
 1033 
 1034 
 
 Shah- 
 jalian- 
 abad 
 
 1157 
 
 }) 
 
 n 
 
 As 959 : but <Uw and | | cv 
 
 THOMAS. M 1-05, wt. 176 
 PEINSEP. M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 1085 
 
 Barai]i 
 
 115[71 
 
 >j 
 
 Obv. ^j*«^U 
 
 O- > ' i [-0 
 
 rv 
 Rev. as 958 : but | U (unit cutoff.) 
 
 PL. XXV. M -80, wt. 17-1
 
 MUHAMMAD. 
 
 215 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 1036 
 
 1037 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1038 
 
 n[58] 
 
 1158 
 
 Shilh- 1159 
 jahan 
 iibad 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 As 959 : but <U^ and | | (unit and decade cut off.) 
 
 M -9, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 \jti^J> L_« ^jt)^^. 
 
 as':jUji 
 
 r^ 
 
 •ij^a 
 
 Rev. as 958 : but | IQa 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M I'OS, Wt. 169 
 
 As 959 : but a^, and | | c ^ 
 
 BENa. AS. SOC. M -9, Wt. 176
 
 ( 216 ) 
 
 XIII. -AHMAD SHAH 
 
 A.H. 1161— 11G7=A.D. 1748—1754. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 N 
 1039 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahaii- 
 
 abad 
 
 [UJBI 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^^L© 0-^.ii^M*^ ^^^X»» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kev. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jL. [<i]-e[. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PL. XXVI. CUNNINGHAM. N % 
 
 Wt. 168 
 
 1010 
 
 Benares 
 
 1162 
 
 2 
 
 Obv. 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 1039, 
 
 partly obliterated ; year | M T 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Pl. XXVI. YEAMES. N 75, 
 
 Wt. 165
 
 AHMAD. 
 
 217 
 
 No. 
 
 1041 
 1042 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 rt >» 
 
 [11] 66 
 
 As 1039 : but a*w, and 1 1 
 
 [043 
 
 [11]67 
 
 As 1039 : but d-w , and 1 v 
 
 MARSDEN. N -85, Wt. 168 
 iV -75, Wt. 167 
 
 PiEOF. WILSON. iV -95, Wt. 168 
 
 1044 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Reverse plain. 
 
 Pl. XXVI. iV -25, Wt. 3 
 
 F P
 
 218 
 
 MOGEUL EMPEB0B8. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 1045 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 1046 
 
 1047 
 
 1048 
 
 'Azim- 
 abad 
 
 Shiih- 
 jaliau- 
 abad 
 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 iibad 
 
 1161 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 i^y 
 
 ;u 
 
 
 Kev. 
 
 tH 
 
 j]il ^ J 
 
 IMI 
 
 As 1039. 
 
 Obv. as 1045 : but *w 
 
 Pl. XXVI. EDEH: M -95, Wt. 178 
 
 PBINSEP. IB. -9, Wt. 175 
 
 J>y^a 
 
 i»-T'i 
 
 e-^ 
 
 Rev. as 1039. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Pt. XXVI. CUNNINGHAM. M -95, Wt. 171 
 
 tH 
 
 l^>JL.4 tj*l ^ -i l - fW 
 
 
 i^lj-t^' 
 
 ^ -9, Wt. 175
 
 AHMAD. 
 
 219 
 
 No, 
 
 M 
 
 1049 
 
 1050 
 
 1051 
 
 1052 
 
 Benares 
 
 1053 
 1054 
 
 1055 
 
 1056 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Sbah- 
 
 jaluin- 
 
 abad 
 
 Shah- 
 jahaa- 
 abad 
 
 Mur- 
 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 Sbah- 
 
 jaban- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 ri]i62 
 
 [1]164 
 
 1165 
 
 r 
 
 As 1039 : but Aiw and M r 
 
 GRANT. M -85, Wt. 17-i 
 
 As 1039 : but a^ and | ^f^ 
 
 As preceding : but 
 
 £ENG. AS. SOC. M -95, Wt. 170 
 
 THOMAS. M -90. Wt. 1"5 
 
 As 1040, but <U-» , [iJLilj^^a^^ distinct, and | M i^ 
 
 JEDEN. M -85, Wt. 17C 
 
 As 1039, but a;-- and IMG 
 
 BENG. AS. SOC. M -9, Wt. 176 
 THOMAS. M -93. Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. j_^o]yU 
 
 " t ^ .^ "** 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 1039 : partly obliterated, no Hijrah year. 
 
 GOTT. OF IXDIA. M -85, Wt. 179 
 
 As 1039 : but ^^ ; Ilijrah year obliterated. 
 
 THOMAS. M. 9, Wt. 17J
 
 •220 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 1057 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Murad- 
 abad 
 
 Year 
 
 1167 
 
 1058 Mur- 
 shid- 
 libad 
 
 Obv. 
 
 4^^ to 
 
 '■-'-■ * -* 
 
 1 
 
 Rev. as 1039 : but | M v 
 
 PL. XXVI. CVNNINGSAM. M -95, TVt. 174 
 
 As 1055 : but 
 
 .ai 1-0, Wt. 179
 
 ( 221 ) 
 
 XI V.-'ALAM G fR II 
 
 A.H. 11G7— 1173=A.D. 1754—1759. 
 
 No. 
 
 1059 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 d ^ 
 
 1060 
 
 11G8 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 CH>> 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ,)U I I 
 
 \ ^ J 
 
 Pi. XXVI. MAHSDEN. N -85, Wt. 159 
 
 Obv., within looped square, 
 
 A.JUt J^^^ll 
 
 In segments, outside, | j-o^ Jj^it | («?'c) j'^.-' j-^l (3»>^l[^ 
 Rev., within looped square, 
 
 V ^ ) 
 
 J>. 
 
 Jt &^_jt aS.^ 
 
 )^^\ef. 
 
 In segments, outside, | ^j^ tj«»[^]jU | C-^ 
 
 r 
 
 Pl. XXVI. MAESDEN. A^ % Wt. 168
 
 222 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 1061 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahi'iu- 
 
 iibad 
 
 Vear. 
 
 Ob^ 
 
 1062 
 
 Indra- 
 pur 
 
 11[70] 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 .1^ 
 
 ^^ — i^O\}—i — ^ 
 
 r 
 
 L^JJ- 
 
 «-^. 
 
 ,3-La.] 
 
 <«j]lJa.JL; 3 aO..« aJUI [jkXs 
 
 J.*. 
 
 ^ji — c oLj:,ji-j j^[^ji_fc 
 
 
 y 
 
 [jL-» a£w] 
 
 MARSDEN. Jf TS, Wt. IGS 
 
 J^-^J-*^' J 1 » 
 
 C2::! 
 
 -^^^ 
 
 j:1 
 
 U; M_^^[ 
 
 JjU[.« 
 
 Pl. XXVI. LADY FREME. N !), Wt. 168 
 
 i
 
 'ALAMGIR II. 
 
 223 
 
 No. 
 
 1063 
 1064* 
 
 Miut. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jaliiin- 
 
 abad 
 
 1065 
 
 Lahore 
 
 rear. 
 
 1170 
 
 1171 
 
 Obv. as 1059 : but 
 
 t^ 
 
 Eev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 I.O.C. N' -85, Wt. 167 
 N -8, wt. 167 
 
 
 ^^&JV.6 ^fi^ 
 
 dJ. 
 
 ^ ^JU 
 
 ;l_-i M 
 
 ^ 
 
 iL 
 
 -^ ^ 
 
 Borders of wreaths. 
 
 Pl. XXVI. I.O.C. N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 * The inscription being too large for the flan is only com- 
 pletely legible by a comparison of the two specimens.
 
 224 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEROBS. 
 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 li 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 « >= 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1066Ahmad- 
 
 1171 
 
 6 
 
 Obv. ,.^yU 
 
 
 nagar 
 Far- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rukli- 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 abad 
 
 
 
 ^Jtl^—XmSfm A* «> 
 
 
 
 
 
 iUI^^ j^j^^t 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. as 1065. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXVI. GRANT. N O, Wt. 168 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 10G7 
 
 Indra- 
 pur 
 
 Wxx 
 
 6 
 
 As 10G2 : but <Uw ; at right, above rev., | | (unit aud 
 decade cut off.) (No o after ^JjU*.) 
 
 MAJRSDEN. N 8, Wt. 1C8 
 
 
 
 
 
 SMALL ISSUE. 
 
 1068 
 
 Karrah 
 
 1170 — 
 
 Obv. 6jJ=> 
 
 10G9 
 1070 
 
 
 
 
 V \jj^ 
 
 
 1070a 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. i^j j^^<c'^ 
 
 (Iv. 
 
 (Date partly obliterated on all but 1068.) 
 
 I.O.C. iV -45, Wt. 52 
 
 Pl. XXVI. MAMSBEN. if •4,, Wt. 51 
 
 „ N -46, Wt. 52 
 
 „ ii\^ -45. Wt. 51 
 
 
 i
 
 'ALAMGIB IL 
 
 225 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. iYear 
 
 1071 
 
 W7'2 
 
 Sliiih- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 Mur- 
 shid- 
 abad 
 
 llGx 1 
 
 [11168 
 
 1073 
 
 1074 
 
 1074a 
 
 1075 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahiiii- 
 
 abad 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1059 : but I I 1 (unit cut off) above rev. 
 
 EDDN. ]& -9, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 V 
 
 Rev. as 1059 : but ^ A after jIa^ 
 
 1168 
 
 1169 „ 
 
 M 1-0, Wt. 179 
 
 As 1061. 
 
 As lOGO. 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. B. -8, Wt. 17G 
 
 MAUSDEN. M % Wt. 176 
 THOMAS. M -95, Wt. 175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ij-j^J* 
 
 •Vj/ r u^h-^ 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 1 11^ 
 
 GOrT. OF INDIA. IR -8, Wt. 17G
 
 226 
 
 MOGHCL EMPF.BOES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 1076 
 
 Shah- 
 jab a n- 
 abad 
 
 
 3 
 
 As lOGl 
 
 but a:,^ 
 
 &, -9, Wt. 175 
 
 1077 
 
 Akbar- 
 abad 
 
 1171 
 
 4 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 . ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 Ivl 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A L 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Pl. XXVI. (Nisiir.) JR -15, Wt. 20 
 
 1078 
 
 Indra- 
 
 1168 
 
 }■) 
 
 As 1062: 
 
 but A-w ; and | | 1 A {sic) above rev. 
 
 
 pur 
 
 [sic) 
 
 
 
 (All old reverse die.) 
 
 CUNNINGUAM. Jif. -05, Wt. 175 
 
 1079 
 
 Sluih- 
 
 jabjin- 
 
 abad 
 
 
 )> 
 
 As 1059: 
 
 but <u«> ; no date on rev. 
 
 CVNNIIS'GIIAM. M "O, Wt. 17u 
 
 1080 
 
 i> 
 
 1170 
 
 )> 
 
 As 1063. 
 
 THOMAS. M -0, Wt. 175 
 
 1081 
 
 Mur- 
 shid- 
 abi'id 
 
 [11171 
 
 J) 
 
 As 1072 : 
 
 but Aw j and ^ | after jU« 
 
 PRINSEP. M -95, wt. 180 
 
 1082 
 
 Shs'ib- 
 
 jahi'in- 
 
 abad 
 
 1172 
 
 5 
 
 As 1063 
 
 but AUw and | | v T 
 
 PL. XXVI. CUNNINGHAM. M. -83, Wt. 175 
 
 I
 
 'ALAMGIB 11. 
 
 227 
 
 No. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1083 
 
 Azlm- 
 abad 
 
 1172 
 
 5 
 
 As 1059 : but <Uw : iljt^s[Jic ; and | | v r 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) PEINSEP. M S, Wt. 178 
 1 
 
 1084 
 
 Ahmad- 
 
 )j 
 
 G 
 
 Obv. as 1072 ; but ibl^-ji j-C . . . . ; a;^ 
 
 
 nagar 
 
 
 
 
 Far- 
 
 
 
 
 
 rukh- 
 abad 
 
 
 
 Rev. as 1059, but | | V r 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) /.O.C. iR 1-15 
 1 
 
 1085 
 
 Lahore 
 
 j> 
 
 )j 
 
 As 10G5 : but dJ>^ ; and | | v r 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. iR -88, Wt. 173 
 
 1 
 
 L035a 
 
 Mar- 
 sh id- 
 aba d 
 
 
 )> 
 
 As 1072 : but a*^ ; Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M I'O, Wt. ISO 
 
 10356 
 
 Karrali 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 I. 1 
 
 Oj.£3 JU . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. . . . .ji:^-» ■ . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C^^J^l^J^i* •^J *^*^ 
 
 Z.O.C. Ji -7, wt. 175 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 ( 228 ) 
 
 S HAH-J A H AN [III]. 
 
 A.n. 1173-74 = A.D. 1759-GO. 
 
 No. 
 
 N 
 1086 
 
 1087 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Islam- 
 abad 
 
 Ahmad 
 11 agar 
 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year 
 
 1173 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Pl. XXVI. GRANT. N -85, Wt. 1C8 
 
 t^^J 
 
 3U 
 
 t^«'5 
 
 V 
 
 _JL.. 
 
 
 Pl. XXVI. CUNNINGadM. N 10, Wt. 107
 
 SHAII-JAIIAN IIII'\ 
 
 229 
 
 Xo. 
 
 AT 
 1088 
 
 1089 
 
 1090 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Year 
 
 Ahmafl 
 nagar 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 {ibad 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 Indra- 
 piir 
 
 A^ 
 
 1173 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1087. 
 
 
 
 EDEN. M 1-1, Wt. 16a 
 
 Obv. as 1087 
 
 but it,jl[jl<^a.]l 
 
 E>v. as 1086: 
 
 but unit of date obscure. 
 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -9, Wt'. 179 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 Jj v> J~~V ■—•^ 
 
 
 \. \. .^ 
 
 
 
 ^^^i\^ iJ^i^^M ^jtt^kef- 
 
 
 J.^1 
 
 
 IXJ, ml 
 
 
 1 ivr 
 
 Rev. 
 
 (* oW"^--' 
 
 
 jl_c ol-wi'-j 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^jW-0 
 
 
 Pl. XXVI. PLAYFAIl^. M TO, Wt. 173
 
 230 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 1091 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahau- 
 
 abad 
 
 Year. 
 
 1174 
 
 1092 
 
 Ahmad- 
 nagar 
 Far- 
 rukh- 
 abad 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 ''X 
 
 
 ^/*»^l>6 WMAiO^« ^^&A»> 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 V 
 
 J^ 
 
 L^ jSLj 
 
 (Formerly ringed.) M I'l.j 
 
 As 1087 : but | | vp 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. JR 10, Wt. 171
 
 { 231 ) 
 
 XV -SHAH -'A LAM. 
 
 A.H. 1173—1221 = A.D. 1759— 180G. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1093 [11]76 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SHAHJAHANABAD 
 
 I. Plain Ttpe. 
 GOLD. 
 
 ^ 'J ^ 
 
 ^]lj ^U dUi ^<ra».-« 
 
 aJ» 
 
 >^]. 
 
 
 PL. XXVII. iV -8, "Wt. ICS
 
 232 
 
 MOGIIUL EMPERORS. 
 
 Xo. Year. 
 
 1091 
 
 1205 
 
 32 
 
 1095 
 
 1206 
 
 34 
 
 Obv. as 1093 : but PT T ', flower in loop of ^J«.^Lfc. 
 
 Kfv. 
 
 
 d 
 
 Ir.o 
 
 Imperial umbrella over »»*». . 
 
 Tl. XXVII. iV^ -8, Wt. 1C5 
 
 As 1091 : bat ."^/V and | r . 1 
 
 rEIA^Si:P. N -8, \Vt. IGd
 
 SEAH-'ALA2L 
 
 233 
 
 No. Year. 
 
 <D O 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 1096 
 
 1198 
 
 25 
 
 Obv. as 1093: but TO 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ilj JLc oLi Ji«.a»^ 4JI 
 
 U-i> ^5*^ J-^[^] '*^['-' 
 
 4.]C. 
 
 Umbrella over ^ . 
 
 1097 
 
 1098 
 
 1199 
 
 1202 
 
 26 
 
 30 
 
 As preceding : but T "1 and \ '] 
 
 PBINSEP. M -86, Wt. 173 
 
 PSINSEP. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 Obv. as 1093 : but T • ; flower in loop of u->V 
 
 Rev. 
 
 dl ^ 
 
 ir.r 
 
 d 
 
 IP 
 
 m\.^a ^LX.u' 
 
 Umbrella over ^^d . 
 
 GRANT. B. I'O, Wt. 171 
 H H
 
 234 
 
 MOGKUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 1099- 
 1101 
 
 Year. 
 
 1218 
 
 1102 
 
 1103 
 
 46 As 1C94 : but f^l and | r I a 
 
 Lion rampant to right of umbrella.* 
 
 Pl. XXVII. m. 1-05, Wt. 172 
 
 Pl. XXVII. (Lion debased.) Si. I'Oo. Wt. 172 
 
 „ PSINSEP. M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 As preceding : but company's cinquefoil substituted for lion. 
 
 PEINSEP. M -9, wt. 172 
 
 1219 
 
 As preceding : but | T M 
 
 THOMAS. M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 * Issued on the occasion of the restoration of Shah-'Alam to liberty 
 by the British after Gen. Lord Lake's victory over the Mardthas in 
 1803. According to Mareden, Shah-'Alam was prejudiced by his 
 courtiers against the lion on these pieces, -which they described as 
 an unclean animal, and the cinquefoil of the Company was sub- 
 stituted. These, and the following coins of this mint, are of native 
 workmanship, but issued under British influence. 
 
 i
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 235 
 
 Xo. 
 
 Year. 
 
 lloi 1218 
 
 46 
 
 2. Laege Txpe. 
 
 {Prohahly Nisdrs.) 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 As 1094 : but n ; | T I A ; and tree to right of umbrella. 
 
 Pl. XXVII. MASSDEN. N' r35, Wt. 166 
 
 M 
 1105 1174 
 
 1106 
 
 1217 
 
 45 
 
 1107 
 
 1108 
 
 1218 
 
 46 
 
 1109 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1094 : but T ; | | v T ; no tree or umbrella. 
 
 MARSDEN. M V3, Wt. 176 
 
 „ but f 3 ; I r I V ; tree and umbrella. 
 
 M 1-3, wt. 172 ' 
 
 „ but ra ; I r I A ; tree and umbrella. 
 
 GRANT. M 1-2, Wt. 172 
 
 „ but f "1 i I r I A ; tree and umbrella. 
 
 .51 1-4, Wt. 174 
 
 „ but p^l ; I r I a; cinquefoil and umbrella. 
 
 M l-liS. Wt. 172
 
 236 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Weeath Type. 
 
 
 
 
 Ohv. and Rev. enclosed in wreath of roses, thistles^ and shamrocks. 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 1110 
 
 1219 
 
 47 
 
 As 1094: but fv ; | T M ; cinquefoil and umbivlla. 
 
 N 1-0, U't. 166 
 
 1111 
 
 1221 
 
 48 
 
 ,, but f^A ; 1 r r 1 ; cinquefoil and nnibivlla. 
 
 PL. XXVII. N 1-05. Wt. 166 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 1112 
 
 1219 
 
 47 
 
 As 1110. 
 
 JR 1-1, Wt. 173 
 
 1113 
 
 1220 
 
 » 
 
 but 1 r r , 
 
 M 1-05, Wt. 172 
 
 1 
 
 1114 
 
 >> 
 
 48 
 
 but r A , and 1 r r . 
 
 THOMAS. M 10, Wt. 172 
 
 1115 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 » » J» 
 
 EDEN. M 1-0, Wt. 172 
 
 
 
 
 4. Dotted Bokdee Type. 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 1116 
 
 1221 
 
 49 
 
 As 1094 : but (>■ ^ ; 1 T T 1 ; cinquefoil and umbrella. 
 
 1117 
 
 
 
 THOMAS. M VO, Wt. 173 
 Pl. XXVII. EDE^\ M -95, Wt. 172 
 
 ^
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 237 
 
 No. Year. 
 
 M 
 
 1118 
 
 18 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 ETAW A, 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 'll ' '0 ^M • I II I -ft 
 
 lA 
 
 
 JLc oL-i 
 
 1119 
 
 1120 
 
 1194 
 
 '5i.q 
 
 Umbrella above Ic of ^U 
 Flag after «li 
 
 PL. XXVn. MARSDEN. M, VI, Wt. 174 
 
 As 1118 : but r r ; and | | ^ (^ ; and fisb instead of flag. 
 
 I.O.C. JB, r05, Wt. 168 
 
 „ but rr ', year obscure; and fish instead of flag. 
 
 MABSDEN. S. 1-06, Wt. Hi
 
 238 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year, 
 
 w ^ 
 
 AHMADABAD. 
 
 1121 
 
 118[8-9]: 16 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 SILVER 
 
 L/^y* 
 
 11 
 
 V 'j g* 
 
 Mint-mark lj in loop o£ ^jt^^^a 
 
 J^ 
 
 V ^ I 
 
 1 V»*— o d^x^.^M>> 
 
 pl. XXVII. fforr. oi^ jndia. m lo, wt. iso
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 239 
 
 No. Year. 
 
 JR 
 1122 
 
 119a; 
 
 12 ? 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 ARKAT, 
 
 SILVER 
 
 ^ 'i.ji-^- 
 
 lr(?) 
 
 ^ 'j -^ 
 
 -^^ =—^ w 
 
 Pl. XXVU. I.O.C. MS, Wt. 17o 
 
 1123 
 
 1124 
 
 1125 
 
 1191 
 
 18 
 
 12[00] 27 
 
 1201 
 
 28 
 
 Same : but | A and M ^, I 
 „ but rv and | T 
 „ but r A and ( T ♦ I 
 
 I.O.C. M -85. Wt. 176 
 
 I.O.C. M 1-0, Wt. 176 
 
 I.O.C. M 1-0. "Wt. 176 
 
 1126 1213 
 
 1127 
 
 1214 
 
 „ but 1 r I r , ""P instead of regnal year. 
 
 BANK COLL. M % "Wt. 176 
 
 „ but I r I r > "P instead of regnal year. 
 
 BANK COLL. M -9, "Wt. 1*73
 
 240 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1128 
 
 .1175 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 AKBARABAD 
 
 S I L V E li . 
 
 
 I J. 
 
 Ilvo <*-!^[-» 
 
 il> 
 
 
 aC 
 
 j[>]^^ [^]« 
 
 PLAYFAIR. M 11, Wt. 171 
 
 112.') 
 
 1198 
 
 26 
 
 Same : but T T and | n A 
 
 Fish to right on obv. 
 (OtJ**^'*' i'^ ^"^^ word.) 
 
 Pl. XXVII. FBIN8EP, M 9, Wt. 172 
 
 1130 
 
 1218 
 
 45 
 
 As preceding: but r"9 and | T I A 
 
 PJtINSEF. M -9. wt. 171
 
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 241 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 1131 
 
 Year. 
 
 12] [9] 
 
 47 
 
 Obv. as preceding : 
 
 but P'v 
 
 Rev. . b 
 
 . Lc . . . J>.<fS^^ ^y 
 
 
 in 
 
 ^w 
 
 5 . -^l -^ 
 
 <^-^, 
 
 
 
 PLAYFAIR. M -85, Wt. 170 
 
 1132 
 
 1220 
 
 As preceding : year ITT*; flower over j3 
 
 I.O.C. M -8, Wt. 172 
 
 I I
 
 242 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. |§ 
 
 1133 
 
 1183 
 
 10 
 
 BENARES 
 
 Obv. 
 
 S I L V E K. 
 
 I . 
 
 ^ ia loop of u^^^ 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1134 
 
 1135 
 
 1136 
 
 1137 
 
 13 
 
 1189 
 
 aj:] [w 
 
 ^ -95, Wt. 174 i 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 M -9. Wt. 176 
 
 Same : but | T ; no Hijrah year. 
 
 (Reverse differently arranged) 
 ■^ in loop of u^^y^f ; "W- on reverse. 
 
 Same : but | v and | | a ^ 
 
 Umbrella in loop of j^^Lw 
 Stars on reverse. 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. M -95, wt, 174 
 
 Same as 1135 : but | A ; no Hijrab year. 
 
 Flag in loop of j^^^Jjw 
 
 M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 Same as 113G: but ^ ; fish to left of flag. 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. M -85, Wt. 173 
 
 I
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 243 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 . 
 
 cl u 
 
 gig 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 1138- 
 lUl 
 
 1196 
 
 23 
 
 Same as 1133 : but TT and | m 
 
 
 
 Umbrella and fish on obv. 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. inscription differently arranged and partly cut off. 
 
 
 
 
 (Four sizes, half, quarter, eighth, and sixteenth of a rupee? 
 
 
 
 
 from the same die.) 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. MARSDEN. M -75, Wt. 87 
 
 
 
 
 M -65, Wt. 43 
 
 
 
 
 „ M -66, Wt. 22 
 
 
 
 
 M -45, "Wt. 11 
 
 
 
 
 Four-Petal Flower Type. 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 1142 
 
 1209 
 
 37 
 
 Same as 1133 ; but r ^ and | f • ^ 
 
 Four-petal flower in loop of ,j«>^Aj». 
 Fish on reverse. 
 
 N -8, Wt. 168 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 .'R 
 1143 
 
 1203 
 
 30 
 
 1 ^ 
 Same as 1142 : but <Uw and | T • !^ 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 1144 
 
 [.] 
 
 3) 
 
 ,, inscriptions partly cut off. 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 MAItSBEX. M-7, Wt. 44 
 
 1145 
 
 1207 
 
 35 
 
 1 /- 
 
 ,, but a.*-), and | T • ^ 
 
 (Thin.) J/J55Z)£'X iR 1-25, Wt. 175
 
 244 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. Tear. 
 
 JR 
 1146 
 
 1147 
 
 1148, 
 1149 
 
 1150 
 
 1151 
 
 1152 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 121[3] 
 
 1217 
 
 1222 
 
 1224 
 
 1225 
 
 35 
 
 41 
 
 45 
 
 49 
 
 Same as 1145, but Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 BENGAL AS. SOC. M -B^ Wt. 174 
 
 Same as 1142 : but <U-» and | T I (unit cut off), 
 
 J.O.C. M -9, Wt. 174 
 
 but A-i-j and | T I v 
 
 ra 
 
 (Thin.) Pl. XXVIII. MARSDEN. M 115, Wt- 176 
 Bi:yGAL AS. SOC. M -85, Wt. 176 
 
 I L 
 
 but d-iw and | T ." T 
 
 I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 175 
 
 Same as 1150 : but | T TP^ 
 
 but I r r 6 
 
 I 
 
 M -85, Wt. 174 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, Wt. 44
 
 p 
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 245 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1153 
 
 119a: 
 
 14 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 BAH ADU RPATAN. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 O- — * — iJiV 
 m 
 
 1154 
 
 1197 
 
 20 
 
 As preceding : but T • 'T,nd | | ^ V 
 
 MAES DEN. yV 'So, Wt. 170 
 
 iV -9, Wt. 169
 
 246 
 
 MOQHUL EMPEEORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 03 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DILSHADABAD. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1155 
 
 1186 
 
 » 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ,^^». 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 lAl 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^Wb*^ Ji ^-i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tny^L^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 llev. 
 
 ... U ... . 
 
 
 o]Li; jl — t oli^Lj 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^] . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 IIAI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i)jL_._x. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (An old reverse.) PRINSEP. B. 
 
 •8, Wt- 173 
 
 1156 
 
 \2xx 
 
 
 As preceding : 
 
 but on obv. | TO 1 
 
 No year on rev. 
 
 PRiySEP. IB. 
 
 7, Wt. 172 

 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 247 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 « ^ 
 
 M 
 1157 
 
 1183 
 
 10 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 JAHANGfRNAGAR, 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 V 
 
 
 Cinquefoil over aw . 
 
 ^Ij^Lc oLi J.^ ajU 
 
 d^ ___ — ^ 
 
 lur 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. ai 1-1, Wt, 179
 
 248 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 M 
 
 1158 
 
 Obv. 
 
 SR I N AG A R 
 
 SILVER 
 
 )j>— .o 
 
 ^^^Lo sJl^«>^*^ \^jfi^\\^ef- 
 
 J^l 
 
 1159 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 As preceding : but a.;-/ 
 
 .a -65, Wt. 31 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. /.O.C. m, -65, Wt. 35
 
 SHAE-'ALAM. 
 
 249 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 M 
 1160 
 
 1161 
 1162 
 
 1163 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1164 
 
 2 
 
 1166 
 
 32 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 S U R AT. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 S^J^Mt 
 
 J\ c ol. 
 
 V J 
 
 The flan is so small that only a small part of the inscrip- 
 tion is visible. 
 
 -51 -45, Wt. 22 
 
 Same : but 8 
 
 „ but 1 
 
 „ but rr 
 
 „ but rr 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. M -8. Wt. 168 
 I.O.C. M -8, Wt. 188 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. M -7. Wt. 
 
 MAR8DEN. M -65, Wt. 89 
 
 BANK COLL. M -85, Wt. 179 i 
 K K
 
 250 
 
 MOGHUL EMFEBOES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 N 
 1166 1174 
 
 1167; 1182 I 10 
 
 M 
 
 1168 
 
 11169 
 
 1174 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 AZI M ABAD, 
 
 (Patnah.) 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 V i i o 
 
 ^yL© 
 
 ^_^e 
 
 il_) ^3U alw j^5»~« aJI 
 
 A C ^ ■«* 
 
 I |v|y 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. :^AJiSI)EN. iV r05, "Wt. 171 
 
 I. 
 
 Jj^a 
 
 ^l..jl^,; Jix-g 
 
 ,JLc 
 
 aC 
 
 Pl. XXVIII. MARSDEX. ^ MS, Wt. 12 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1166 : same die. 
 
 MABSDEN. M 115, Wt. 179 
 
 but 9 ; Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 FEISSEP. M -9, wt 17 
 
 i
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 251 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 AHMADNAGAR FARRUKHABAD. 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 1170 
 
 [11]94 
 
 21 
 
 Obv. j^3,3[U 
 
 
 
 
 ri 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iL)l^j-9 j^i^<,A.l 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. ^U ^U dU; J^o-ai.^ Alt 
 
 1 '- - A 
 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 O:!^ 1^'*''*' J"^[^ **-:;' — ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [;5^^ ^^A^:* ij] 
 
 
 
 
 PRTNSEP. ^ -95, WL 167 
 
 1171 
 
 [ll]96 
 
 .23 
 
 Same : but TT and ^ 1 
 
 Pl. XXIX. PiJOF. WILSON. N' -95, AVt. 167 
 
 1171a 
 
 
 31 
 
 Obv. same : but T 1 
 
 Rev. ib] ^Udli j>^a^« dJ[t 
 
 CHh L5-«^»- ->^^5J >j 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 tj..9 w^».]l.o <X-^^.^<.^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^ -95, \Vt. 166
 
 252 
 
 MOGEUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 "3 . 
 
 1172 
 
 [11]79 
 
 6 
 
 1173 
 
 [11]87 
 
 15 
 
 1174 
 
 [11]89 
 
 17 
 
 1175 
 
 [11]92 
 
 19 
 
 1176 
 
 [11]95 
 
 21 
 
 1177 
 
 [11]96 
 
 23 
 
 1178 
 
 [11]99 
 
 27 
 
 1179 
 
 — 
 
 31 
 
 1180 
 
 [1]216 
 
 39 
 
 1181 
 
 [1]217 
 
 >> 
 
 SILVER. 
 Same as 1170 : but 1 and v^ 
 
 Pl. X5IX. MAEBBEN. 51 I'l, Wt. 174 
 
 but 18 and av 
 but I V and A ^ 
 but n and «i r 
 
 but r I and ^3 
 but rr and \ ^ 
 but r V and "^ ^ 
 1171a. 
 
 1171a : but r ^ and r n 
 but r^ and f I v 
 
 I.O.C. M 1-1, Wt. 170 
 
 MARSBEN. M 105, "Wt. 175 
 
 mahsjden. m, 11, "Wt. 175 
 
 FLATEAIR. M V2, Wt. 168 
 
 MARSBEN. M 11, Wt. 174 
 
 M 105, Wt. 173 
 
 (Ringed.) GRANT. M 105 
 
 I.O.C. M ro, Wt. 171 
 
 GRANT. M 10. Wt. 160 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 253 
 
 
 
 -5 . 
 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 he =3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Large Issue. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 1182 
 
 1218 
 
 39 
 
 Same as 1171a : 
 
 but r ^ and 1 r 1 A 
 
 Pl. XXIX. MARSDEN. M 1-45, Wt. 341 
 
 1183 
 
 >j 
 
 jj 
 
 )> 
 
 (Thin.) MAESDEN. M. V4,, Wt. 172 
 
 
 
 
 
 L U C K N W. 
 
 
 
 
 
 S I L V E E. 
 
 1184 
 
 
 1 
 
 Obv. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^O 
 
 
 
 
 Eev. 
 
 PRINSEP. M -95, Wt. 176 

 
 254 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 MURSHIDABAD 
 
 1185 
 
 1181 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 M 
 
 1186 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 * M " I ■ J I [_*^ 
 
 ^ ^ >J^6 
 
 i]l[jU]^[j-0 
 
 PL. XXIX. MARS DEN. ^ -8, Wt. 164 
 
 SI LVE R 
 
 11[74] 
 
 Same as 1185 : but <sUw on obv, ; | | before [^J]Lc on 
 rev., and traces of jL-o aJCw beneath. 
 
 M -85, Wt. 168
 
 SHAH-ALAM. 
 
 255 
 
 No. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 z_ 
 
 1187 
 
 
 7 
 
 Obv. as 1185 : but Aw, and cinquefoil. 
 Rev. c jii«.ab«e j^Ji .^l». aJI 
 
 . . . ^\e. oli Jm^is (ij[L> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [j^~^ si^A ^J ij] 
 
 
 
 
 GOrr. OF INDIA. M -9. Wt. 166 
 
 1188 
 
 1180 
 
 8 
 
 As preceding : but A on obv., and | | A . above C*aA on rev. 
 
 Pl. XXIX. I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 179 
 
 1189 
 
 1184 
 
 11 
 
 „ but II and 1 | A (y 
 
 I.O.C. M -9, wt. 180 
 
 1190 
 
 1186 
 
 12 
 
 Same : but | T and | | A 1 
 
 I.O.C. M -9. wt. 177 
 
 1191 
 
 — 
 
 5) 
 
 „ Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 MARSBEN. M "9, Wt. 179 
 
 1192 
 
 119^ 
 
 19 
 
 but 1 «1 and 1 n 
 
 GOVT. OF INDIA. M -9, Wt. 179
 
 256 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOBS. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 1193 
 
 
 19 
 
 Same as 1187 : but Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 PL. XXIX. MABSBEN. M -9, Wt. 179 
 
 1194 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 25 
 
 ,, 1185: but rc ; Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 MAESDEN. M -75, Wt. 79 
 
 1195 
 
 — 
 
 28 
 
 „ but Ta ; Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 M -9, Wt. 178 
 
 1196 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 9 
 
 Fragment of inscription as 1185, but d*«> ; sun on rev.; 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 I.O.C. M -45, Wt. 22 
 
 1197 
 
 — 
 
 15 
 
 Same as 1196 : but | 9, no sun. 
 
 1 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 I.O.C. M -35, Wt. 11 
 
 1198 
 
 — 
 
 19 
 
 ,, but 1 ^ , no sun. 
 
 I 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 I.O.C. M -4, wt. 11 
 
 1198a 
 
 — 
 
 J) 
 
 „ but 1 ^ , no sun ; cinquefoil on obv. 
 
 1 
 8 
 
 
 
 I.O.C. M -55, wt. 22 
 
 m 
 
 ■< 
 I 
 
 I
 
 SHAH-'ALAM. 
 
 257 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 C3 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 najTbabad. 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 1199 
 
 — 
 
 12 
 
 Obv. 
 
 il j| w- — i^ J 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^^j l.« 0»A.©.A^ ^J^^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ir 
 
 
 
 
 
 d ; w 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 .11 
 
 
 
 
 
 O-i^ j^-ol». J.-a9 A-:?'-' 
 
 
 
 
 
 dJC] 
 
 
 
 
 
 j3-^^ C ftA / }[ij 
 
 
 
 
 
 M -9, Wt. 175 
 
 1200 
 
 1195 
 
 22 
 
 Same : 
 
 bat r r and I M 6 
 
 Doublt 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXIX. MARSDEN. M VOS, Wt. 348 
 
 1201 
 
 [11]99 
 
 26 
 
 !» 
 
 but r 1 and ^ ^ 
 
 PRINSEF. M -95, Wt. 173 
 
 1202 
 
 [1]210 
 
 36 
 
 5> 
 
 but r^ and r 1 . 
 
 PRIN8EP. M -86, AVt. 172 
 
 1203 
 
 [12]14 
 
 41 
 
 U 
 
 but (V ( and | r 
 
 PRINSEP. M -85, Wt. 170 
 
 1204, 
 
 [1]215 
 
 42 
 
 )> 
 
 but r r and r 1 6 
 
 1205 
 
 
 
 
 PRINSEP. •« -So, Wt. 169 
 PRINSEP. M 85, Wt. 169 
 
 
 L L
 
 258 
 
 MOGHUL EMPEBOES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 M 
 
 1205a 
 
 1183 
 
 NO MINT. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 I ur 
 
 Obv. <u. 
 
 v] 
 
 Rev. ^U 
 
 Pl. XXIX. 3IARSDEN. iV I, Wt. 25 
 
 For distribution (Nisdr.)
 
 ff 
 
 ( '209 ) 
 
 B f D A R-BA K H T. 
 PRETENDER. 
 
 A.H. 1202-3 = A.D. 1788. 
 
 No. Mint. 
 
 1206 
 
 Year.! w;S 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jaiian- 
 
 abad 
 
 1207 
 
 1208 
 
 1202 1 
 
 Ahmad- 
 abad 
 
 M 
 1209 
 
 Shah- 
 
 jahan- 
 
 abad 
 
 1203 
 
 Obv. 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 
 Rev. 
 
 -:• J 
 
 tjk.. 
 
 ir.r 
 
 PL. XXIX. CUNNIXOHAM. N' 8, Wt. 166 
 
 Obv. as preceding : but iljlj^«.e».l 
 
 Rev. 
 
 A 
 
 0»ai~[j] j'^t[j] •X<.afc-[-« 
 
 ip.r 
 
 '^y 
 
 J 3 ^>. 
 
 "^jb >j jji 
 
 (Hijrah year obliterated on 1208.) 
 
 Pl. XXIX. GIBBS. A' -75, Wt. 166 
 CUHNI^'GHAM. N •75, Wt. 166 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 1202 „ As 1206. 
 
 GIBBS. .R -8.5, Wt. 17i 1
 
 ( 260 ) 
 
 XV l.-MU H AMM AD AKBAR 
 
 A.H. 1221—53 = A.D. 1806—1837. 
 
 I I 
 
 A 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 JR 
 
 1210 
 
 1221 
 
 1211 
 1212 
 1213 
 1214 
 
 1215, 
 1216 
 
 1222 
 1223 
 1224 
 Uxx 
 1251 
 
 SHAHJAHANABAD. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Rfv. 
 
 di 
 
 U oliib dw ^*-^' J^s 
 
 ^l J ^\f 9 v^ c 
 
 Umbrella over »--•»■ ; cinquefoil after b 
 
 Pl. XXIX. EVEN. M -9, Wt. 171 
 
 Same : but \ " '' f 
 
 6 
 31 
 
 but "^ and | f r"^ 
 
 but '^ and | T rr 
 
 but T and | | 
 
 but -^ I and | T I 
 
 THOMAS. M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 THOMAS. JR 105, "Wt. 172 
 
 PRINSEP. M 11, Wt. 173 
 
 THOMAS. Si 10, Wt. 171 
 
 THOMAS. M 1-05, Wt. 171 
 HAY. M 1 15, Wt. 172 
 
 i
 
 I 
 
 ( 261 ) 
 
 XVII. -BAHADUR SHAH II 
 
 A.H. 1253— 75= A. D. 1S37— 1S57. 
 
 No. Year. 
 
 JR 
 1217 1257 
 
 1218 
 
 1258 
 
 SHAHJAHANABAD. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Obv. as 1210 : but fi 
 
 Rev. 
 
 I To I- ol-w 
 
 «, a la. 
 
 " ^!^ 
 
 Umbrella and cinquefoil after O-^^^t 
 
 Pl. XXIX. M 115, "Wt. 172 
 
 Same : but "^ and | T C A 
 
 CUNNINGHAM. M 115, Wt. 171
 
 ( 262 ) 
 
 EARLY COPPER LOCAL ISSUES.* 
 
 No. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1219 
 
 936 
 
 AG RAH. 
 
 
 
 1 1 ... 1 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 
 
 Fleuron above and beneath. 
 
 
 1220 
 
 »> 
 
 »f 
 
 „ but 4aJL3 
 
 JE -75 
 
 1221, 
 1222 
 
 937 
 
 „ ^rv 
 
 2 i 
 
 ><E -75 
 ^ -7 
 
 1223 
 
 938 
 
 „ iTA 
 
 >> 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 1224, 
 1225 
 
 939 
 
 » "ir^ 
 
 ^ -7 
 ;E -7 
 
 1226 
 
 940 
 
 M ^PO 
 
 jE -63 
 
 1227 
 
 942 
 
 „ ^i^r 
 
 J& -65 
 
 1228 
 
 2ix 
 
 ,, T p above <Uw 
 
 Within oval, (>j.£3l w'j.-^* 
 JMargin illegible. 
 
 
 
 
 ^ -6 j 
 
 * These coius have already been described in this Catalogue of the Coins 
 of the ihihammadan States, pp. 159 - 163, and illustrated in Plate XII. of the 
 
 
 
 same. They belong, however, to the 
 they do not bear their names ; and t 
 of reference. 
 
 period of Babar smd Humayiin, though 
 hey are repeated here for convenience
 
 EARLY COPPER LOCAL ISSUES. 
 
 263 
 
 No. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eer. 
 
 J AU N P U R 
 
 M 
 
 1229 
 1230 
 
 939 ^r^ 
 
 Fleuron above and >eneath. 
 
 1231 940 „ «|f^o 
 
 AJad 
 
 M -7 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 1232 
 
 911 
 
 1233 
 
 938 
 
 1234, 
 1235 
 
 942 
 
 CHAM PAN I R 
 
 
 
 
 LAHORE. 
 
 J3 *'^J 
 
 M A N D U 
 
 
 .« -7 
 ^. -7
 
 
 J
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 COINAGE 
 
 OF THE HONOURABLE 
 
 THE EAST INDIA COMPANY 
 
 IN THE NAME OF THE 
 
 MOGHUL EMPERORS 
 
 M M
 
 I
 
 ( 267 ) 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 I.-M U RSH I DABAD, 
 
 (In the Name of ShAh-'Alam.) 
 
 1 
 
 -Mohr 
 
 2 ! i-Mohr 
 
 (i.) Early Issues, betwkkn Annexation of Benoal, in 
 1765, AND 19-san Regulation of 1793. 
 
 1. Issue of Regnal Yeae 10 of SiiAii-'Alam, 
 A.H. 1182-3 (1768). 
 
 No mailing. Doited rim. 
 G L D. 
 
 u^^ 
 
 Jv.©.^-.* O^^ Lf"*^*" *" 
 
 (. 
 
 J^^»o 
 
 Over Aaw, a ciuquefoil. 
 Same. 
 
 >L 
 
 <:t ^ 
 
 I lAr 
 
 Pl. XXX. /?J.Yir COLL. A' •/, Wt. 05 
 BASK COLL, A" •(;, WL. IS
 
 268 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No 
 
 Deuooi- 
 natioD. 
 
 3 
 
 -Mobr 
 
 Jg-Mobr 
 
 5 
 
 4 Annas 
 
 1 Anna 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 1. 
 
 1 lAr 
 
 No cinquofoil. 
 
 (sl .fir 
 
 PL. XXX. BANKS. iV -5, Wt. 2i 
 
 jy 
 
 II 
 
 No cinquefoil. 
 
 B^JVJS- COLI, iV -5, Wt. 12 
 
 S 1 LV K K. 
 
 As 1. 
 
 Cinqutfoil 
 
 2 Annas As 3. 
 
 As 3. 
 
 As 1. 
 
 Pl. XXX. B INKS. M 65, Wt. 45 
 
 As 3 : Imt Mat 
 
 BANKS. M -55, Wt. 23 
 
 As 3 : but Mat 
 
 BANKS. M ib, Wt. 11
 
 MURSHIDABAD. 
 
 269 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 ReT. 
 
 
 
 2. Issue of Regnal Yeab 11, a.h. 1183-4 (1769-70). 
 
 
 
 No milling. Doited rim. 
 
 N 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 8 
 
 Mohr 
 
 As 1 : but 1 1 
 
 As 1: but 1 1 AT 
 
 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 Pl.XXX. bane coll. iV10,Wt.lG2 
 
 M 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 9 
 
 Rupee 
 
 As 1: but II 
 
 As 1 : but 1 1 A r 
 
 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 MARSDEN. M i-05, Wt. 180 
 
 10 
 
 » 
 
 » 
 
 „ but 1 iAr 
 
 BANE COLL. M I'O. Wt. 180 
 
 11 
 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 >» 
 
 „ but 1 1 A r 
 
 BANE COLL. M -85, Wt. 90 
 
 12 
 
 4 Annas 
 
 >> 
 
 ,, Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 BANK COLL. M B, Wt. 45 
 
 13 
 
 2 Annas 
 
 i> 
 
 „ Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 BANE COLL. M -b, Wt. 23 
 
 14* 
 
 Anna 
 
 1) 
 
 „ Hijrah year cut off. 
 
 Pl. XXX. BANE COLL. M -35, Wt. 11 
 
 
 
 * The smaller coins of the precedinsc series are struck from the 
 
 
 
 same die as the larger, and therefore show only a part of the in- 
 
 
 
 scription. 

 
 270 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 15 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Bev. 
 
 3. Issues of Regnal Years 12 — 19, a.h. 1185 — 1203 (sic). 
 
 No milling. Dotted rim. 
 
 GOLD.— Year 12. 
 
 10 
 
 N 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 Mohr 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Moh 
 
 A.s 1 : but I r 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but I I AC 
 
 >■ -y, wt. 191 
 
 S I L V E H.— Year 13. 
 
 As 1 : but \r 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but I I A C 
 
 I.O.C. M 10, Wt. 18J 
 
 G L D.— Years 15, 19. 
 As 1 : but I a As 1 : but | | A W 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 ,, but I \ 
 
 Pl. XXX. K -9, Wt. 191 
 
 5> M 
 
 )l » 
 
 22 i-Mohrl 
 
 but I 1 ^ ^ 
 MAnsDEN. /! -9, Wt. 191 
 
 „ but M ^, V 
 Pi.. XXX. MARSDEK. N •'H. Wc. 191 
 
 but I n A 
 
 MARSDEK. ^ -9. Wt. 191 
 
 ,. but I r . I 
 
 MAKSDEN. N -9, Wt. 190 
 
 „ but I r . r 
 
 Pl. XXX. 2IAIiSDEK\ A'' -6, Wt. 48
 
 MURSniDABAD. 
 
 271 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 BatioD. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 23 
 
 §-jMohr 
 
 As 3 : but ( ^ 
 
 As 3 : but 1 r . r 
 
 
 
 No cinquet'oil. 
 
 I.O.C. Jf 0, Wt. 24 
 
 24 
 
 }} 
 
 >» }> 
 
 „ but 1 r . r 
 
 2IARSDEN. N -5, Wt. 24 
 
 25 
 
 re-Mohr 
 
 ii >» 
 
 „ but 1 r . r 
 
 YEAMES. iV -4, Wt. 12 
 
 ! 26 
 
 )} 
 
 '■" " 
 
 „ but 1 r.r 
 
 BANKS. iV -4, Wt. 12 
 
 27 
 
 J) 
 
 >> >> 
 
 „ but 1 r ♦ r 
 
 MARSDEN. N 'i, Wt. 12 
 
 
 
 4. Tbial-piece of Regnal Year 2G a.h. 1198 (1784). 
 
 
 
 Milled rims. 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 28 
 
 Rupee 
 
 As 1 : tnit n 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but 1 I ^ A 
 
 
 
 Round the edge, 
 
 
 
 UNITED * EAST ♦ INDIA ♦ COMPANY * J784 * 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 i 
 
 
 Pl. XXX. BANK COLL. M. 105, Wt. 180 
 

 
 272 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. Rev. 
 
 
 
 (ii.) Issue of "old 19-san Sikkah " 1703—1818. 
 
 
 
 Oblique milling /////^//// 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 N 
 29, 
 
 Mohr 
 
 As 1 : but 1 1 
 
 As 1 : but 1 r . r 
 
 30 
 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 Pi. XXX. K 1-06, Wt. 191 
 MAES DEN. jr 1-0 
 
 31, 
 
 i-Mohr 
 
 )> 5> 
 
 >> ,) 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 .A'" -85, Wt. 95 
 MARSDEN. N -85 
 
 33, 
 
 i-Mohr 
 
 As 3 : hut 1 \ 
 
 As 3 : but 1 r . r 
 
 34 
 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 Pl. XXX. A" -65, Wt. 47 
 MARSDEN. N' -65 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 35, 
 
 Rupee 
 
 As 1 : but n 
 
 As 1 : but 1 r . r 
 
 36* 
 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 Pl.XXX, bank coll. ^12,Wt.l80 
 
 
 
 MARSDEN. m. 1-2 
 
 37, 
 
 }} 
 
 >j j> 
 
 As 1 : but no Hijrah year. 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 Pl.XXX. bank coll. 51 105,Wt.l80 
 MARSDEN. M VOo 
 
 39, 
 40 
 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 >> M 
 
 As preceding. 
 
 MAKSDEN. M -85, Wt. 90 
 M -85 
 
 41, 
 
 42 
 
 4 Annas 
 
 As 3 : but 1 \ 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 3: but 1 r .r 
 
 MARSDEN. M -65. Wt. 45 
 M 65 
 
 * On 35 and 36 the milling extends some distance over the edge 
 
 
 
 on to the faces of the coin. 
 
 !
 
 MUR8HIDABAD. 
 
 273 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 43 
 
 i-Mohr 
 
 M 
 
 44, 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 Rupee 
 
 f-Rupee 
 
 M 
 47, 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 Rupee 
 
 ^Rupee 
 
 ObT. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 (iii.) Issue of "new 19-san Sikkah" 1818 — 1832. 
 Straight milling ||||||||||il 
 GOLD. 
 
 As 3 : but I r ♦ r 
 
 As 3 : but I ^ 
 
 Cinquefoil 
 
 Pl. XXX. EDEN. N' -75, Wt. 61 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1 : but I ^ 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but no Hijrab year. 
 
 I.O.C. M 1-05, wt. 190 
 I.O.C. M 1-05, wt. 192 
 
 M -9, Wt. 
 
 (iv.) Latest issue of "19-san" 1832-5. 
 
 Plain edge. Serrated rim. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 1 : but I ^ 
 
 Ciuquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but no Hijrab j^ear. 
 
 Pl. XXX. BANKS. M VOb, Wt. 135 
 J.O.C. M. 1-05, Wt. 193 
 
 I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 9G 
 
 >■ \
 
 274 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 M 
 
 50 
 
 Rupee 
 
 51 
 
 I. FARRU KHABAD. 
 
 (In name of ShAh-'Alam.) 
 
 (i.) Issue of old FaebukhAbAd or "old 45-san Lucknow 
 Rupee," 1803—1819. 
 
 Oblique milling. 
 SILVER. 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1 : but no Hijrah year. 
 
 PL. XXXI. M 1-05, Wt. 174 
 
 Rupee 
 
 (ii.) Issue of new FarrukhAbAd or "new 45-san Lucknow 
 Rupee," 1819—1833. 
 
 Straight milling. 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 50. 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1, but no Hijrah year. 
 Below ^j small a 
 
 M 1-05, wt. 179
 
 FARRUKHABAB. 
 
 275 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 natiou. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Ker. 
 
 M 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 54 
 
 Rupee. 
 
 |-Rupee 
 
 j-Rupe? 
 
 (iii.) Litest issue of FaeettkhIbAd, 1883 — 35 
 
 Plain edge : plain rim. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 50. 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 1^6 
 
 Cinquefoil. 
 
 As 1, but no Hijrah year. 
 
 Pt. XXXI. I.O.C. M 1-05, Wt. 180 
 
 I.O.C. M -9, Wt. 89 
 
 oi .i 
 
 V 
 
 Pt. XXXI. M -65, Wt. 45
 
 276 
 
 EAST IXniA COMPAXTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 M 
 
 57 
 
 Mohr 
 
 Rupee 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 61 
 62 
 
 63 
 64 
 
 66 
 
 III. BENARES. 
 
 (In name of ShAh-'Alam.) 
 
 (i.) Native Style, a.h. 1212—33. 
 GOLD. 
 
 >bl 
 
 L^y 
 
 Lo 11.W ^^^Xfw 
 
 ^j^jKJo j-'O 
 
 Same. 
 
 .A^ -85, Wt. 166 
 
 ,, but irro 
 
 TEAMES. J/ -75 Wt. 165 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Same : but | r I T 
 
 CUEETON. M -9, Wt. 173 
 
 ,, I r I 9 
 
 MAR8DEN. M -9, Wt. 172 
 
 „ irri 
 
 B. -85, Wt. 173 
 
 M I r r r 
 
 JR -95, Wt. 172 
 
 „ irr- 
 
 Pl. XXXI. JR -95. Wt. 172 
 
 „ irrv 
 
 iR -95, Wt. 172 
 
 >> J) 
 
 JB -8, Wt. 172 
 
 „ irri 
 
 JB -9, Wt. 172 
 
 M I r' 
 
 .» -85, Wt. 172
 
 BENABES. 
 
 277 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 M 
 
 66 
 
 Rupee 
 
 M 
 07 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 (ii.) Old* Benabes Rupee, 1806—1819. 
 Oblique milling. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 ^U1j^«.te<.« 
 
 V — > 
 
 Flower in loop of u»>^^e 
 
 J_ -^s 
 
 <LiC -^ 
 
 Pl. XXXI. M 105, Wt. 176 
 
 IV. CALCUTTA. 
 
 (In name of ShIh-Alam.) 
 
 Issue of Regnal Year 4 : a.h. 1176 (1763). 
 SILVER. 
 As 1 : but (^ and 4;jCJl£> As 1 : but | | z. 1 
 
 ¥h.:&SSl. MABSDEN. ^ll.Wt.lSO 
 
 * The Benares issues from 1819 to 1830, when the mint was 
 abolished, were similar to those of Farrukhabad, which name they 
 displayed.
 
 278 
 
 EAST INDIA GOMPANTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 M 
 
 QS, 
 69, 
 70 
 
 ^-Kupee 
 
 71 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 V. BO M BAY. 
 
 (M U N B A I.) 
 
 (i. In name of the ShXh [Muhammad.]) 
 
 Issue of Regnal Tear 1 : a.h. 1131 (1719). 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 V ;^_^ 
 
 u5^ 
 <i]Js! > 
 
 Pl. XXXI. M -6. Wt. 37 
 
 BANKS. M -65, Wt. 37 
 
 M -55, Wt. 37 
 
 Issue of Regnal Year \x: a.h. 1143 (1730). 
 SILVER. 
 
 Same : but | 
 
 Same: but \^r 
 
 Pl. XXXI. M -6. Wt 37
 
 BOMBAY. 
 
 279 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 72 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 M 
 
 73 
 
 74 
 
 Rupee 
 
 75, 
 
 7G 
 
 Rupee 
 
 ]\Iohr 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 (ii. In name of Muhammad Shah.) 
 
 Issue of Regnal Yeab 7 = a.h. 1137 (1725). 
 
 S I L Y E R. 
 
 c 
 
 
 ^ ^ / 
 
 Pt. XXXI. BOMBAY AS. SOC. 
 M 1-0, Wt. 178 
 
 Issue of Regnal Year 18 : a.h. 1148 (1735). 
 SILVER. 
 
 As 72 : but A*-» 
 Counterstamp over mint, il 
 
 ,, Unit of year obliterated. 
 No counterstamp. 
 
 As 72 : but I I pA 
 
 ^ -95, "Wt. 177 
 
 ,, Unit of Hijrah year 
 obliterated. 
 
 M -95, wt. 179 
 
 (iii. In the name of ShIh-'Alam.) 
 
 Issue of Regnal Year 9=a.h. 1182 (1768). 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 Star in ij»> of ^j^i^ie*. 
 
 (Top line blundered.) 
 
 MAFSDEX. A" -8, Wt. 178 
 Pl. XXXI. BAyKS. A' Sn, Wt. 178
 
 280 
 
 EAST INDIA GOMPANTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. Rev. 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 
 
 A.H. 1188 (1771). 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 77 
 
 |-Rupee 
 
 Same as 75 : regnal year 5, 
 
 Same as 75 : but | | aa 
 
 PL. XXXI. MARSDEN. M S, Wt. 34, 
 
 
 
 N'o year. 
 
 78 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Same as 75 : regnal year 
 
 Same as 75. 
 
 
 
 obliterated. 
 
 I.O.C. M -85, wt. 178 
 
 79,* 
 79a. 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 Pi.. XXXI. PRINSEP. M I-O, Wt. 179 
 
 
 jR 10, Wt. 179 
 
 
 
 MUMBA 1 - SU RAT. 
 
 
 
 (In the name of Siiah-'Alam.) 
 
 
 
 Issue of Regnal Year 45 (1802). 
 
 M 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 80 
 
 |-Rupee 
 
 ^j»»3— jL< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (O-:!^ I^^La. 
 
 
 
 
 
 j]lc dLi J-i9 
 
 
 
 J3-*- cr^" 
 
 Pl. XXXI. GIBBS. M 55. Wt. 43 
 
 * These two rupees, 79, 79a, have a very modern appearance, and 
 
 
 
 the inaccuracy of the letters shows that the engraver must have 
 
 
 
 been ignorant of the Persian characters. According to Atkins, Coins 
 
 
 
 of British Possessions and Colonies, 1889, p. 139, they were struck at 
 
 1 
 
 
 Calcutta for Bombay in 1800. 
 

 
 sun AT. 
 
 281 
 
 1 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obvr. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 
 
 V 1. SURAT. 
 
 
 
 (In the name of Suah-'Alam.) 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 (i.) With Chowned Heap, 1802. 
 
 N 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 81 
 
 i-Mohr ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 4j*»^X_^ 
 
 . . U oU- . . . 
 
 
 
 Crowned head over ^ ; traces 
 
 Over li 1802, incuse, on oval 
 
 
 
 of the Surat star in loop of tj«> . 
 
 label. 
 
 PL. XXXII. ^r -5, Wt 59 
 
 
 
 (ii.) 46-SAN ISSUE, 182."). 
 
 
 
 ■WITH CROWN.* 
 
 
 
 GOLD. 
 
 82, 
 
 Mohr 
 
 i^]^lt> 
 
 ^v^' 4^- 
 
 83 
 
 
 Star in t>>» . 
 
 ^ i 
 
 Crown over «li.>[lj 
 
 Pt. XXXII. BAKKCOLL. A^T.Wt.lSO 
 „ iV" -7, Wt. 179 
 
 84 
 
 i-Mohr ? 
 
 Portion of same inscr., and 
 
 Portion of game inscr. 
 
 
 
 star. 
 
 Crown inverted. 
 
 BAKK COLL. N -45, Wt. 69 
 
 * In place of the tapper point over I'o. . 
 
 
 
 

 
 282 
 
 EAST IXDIA COMPAXY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 i 
 
 
 1 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 85 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Portion of same ins<cr. as 
 
 Portion of same inscr. 
 
 
 
 82, and star. 
 
 Crown, as 82. 
 
 Pl. XXXII. M l-O.I, Wt. 180 
 
 1 1825 1 incuse on raised 
 
 86 
 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 label. 
 
 Same. 
 
 Same : U.S25 | 
 
 
 
 
 M 6, Wt. 00 
 
 
 
 (iii.) 4G-SAN ISSUE, WITHOUT CROWN. 
 
 
 
 G L B . 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 87- 
 
 Mohr 
 
 As 82. 
 
 As 82 : no crown. 
 
 89 
 
 
 
 Pl.XXXII. bask coll W75,Wt. 179 
 MA USD EN. A^-75 
 BASK COLL. A^ -7 
 
 90, 
 
 i-Molir r 
 
 ,, only partly legible. 
 
 91 
 
 
 JiAy^K COLL. N -55, Wt. 60 
 BAXK COLL. iV bb 
 
 92, 
 
 i^-Mohr r 
 
 1) )i 
 
 93 
 
 1 
 
 
 MATiSVEy. N -3, Wt. 12 
 MABSBEN. N -25, Wt. 9 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 94, 
 95 
 
 Rupee 
 
 As 82 : only partly legible. 
 
 
 M '75, wt. 179 
 
 
 
 M. -8, wt. 179 
 
 
 ■ 
 

 
 SUB AT. 
 
 J83 
 
 No. 
 
 96, 
 97 
 
 M 
 
 98 
 
 99 
 
 100 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Rupee 
 
 l^-Rupee 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 (iv.) 46-SAN Issue. 
 
 Straight milling : line round rim. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Same as 82, 
 
 Same as 82. 
 
 Same as 82 : but above, 
 I r I O ; no crown. 
 
 Ft. XXXTI. M 1-05, Wt. 180 
 I.O.C. M rOo 
 
 (v.) 4G-SAN Issue. 
 
 Plain edge : serrated rim. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Same as 82 : above, | T | 6 ; 
 JX over dl^ib ; no crown. 
 
 Pl. XXXII. M 11, Wt. 180 
 J) 
 
 ;k. -9, Wt. 00 
 
 JS. -65, Wt. 4.5
 
 284 
 
 EAST IXDIA COMPANY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 M 
 
 101- 
 
 105 
 
 106 
 
 107 
 
 108 
 
 Rupee 
 
 |--E,upee 
 
 VII. ARKAT. 
 
 (In name of 'AT,AMQfR II.) 
 
 (i.) Issued at Fokt St. Gkorqe, Madras. 
 Native style. 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 V 'j. — O 
 
 No regnal year 
 
 but r 
 
 Portion of same inscr, 
 
 ^ V^ LJ-r'jJI >:!>c 
 
 CL 
 
 J I c ol ti^\ 
 
 1} 
 
 ^.dtA'i' COii. .Jl -8. Wt. 176 
 M -8, Wt. 172 
 Pl. XXXII. m. -8, Wt. 174 
 (Hi j rah year i nr) 
 
 BANK COLL. B, •%, Wt. 174 
 I.O.C. M •». Wt. 185 
 
 „ but I r IP 
 
 BANK COLL. M -8, Wt. 174 
 
 „ Hijrab year illegible. 
 
 BANK COLL. M -85, Wt. 172 
 
 Portion of same inscr. 
 
 MASSBEN. M -5, Wt. 44
 
 AUK AT. 
 
 285 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 N 
 109 
 
 i-Mbhr 
 
 (ii.) Latee Milled Coixs 
 Issued at Madras and Calcutta.* 
 1. Madras issue. 
 GOLD. 
 
 Oblique milling in centre of edge : raised rim 
 
 110 
 
 i-Mohr 
 
 CH>- 
 
 Xsk. ^ <Uw 
 
 A^A 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 ^,1 
 
 c 
 
 ■A. 
 
 >l_i3l. 
 
 D 
 
 Pl. XXXII. I.O.C. N' -85, Wt. 90 
 
 I |vr 
 
 >\ 
 
 i^ 
 
 X. 
 
 1..^ ^JLc 
 
 I.O.C. N' -65, Wt. 45 
 
 * The Calcutta issues are distinguished by the mint-mark of a rose 
 from those of Fort St. George (Madras), which bear a trisiil <p . 
 Those of Calcutta here described have a straight milling, whilst the 
 Madras issues have an oblique milling or cable-pattern in the centre 
 of the edge. The use of a straight milling prevailed at Calcutta 
 from 1S18 to 1833 on Bengal issues, and it is probable that the same 
 period may be assigned for the rose rupees of Arkat.
 
 286 
 
 EAST IXDIA COMPANTS ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 M 
 
 111 
 
 Double 
 rupee 
 
 112 
 
 113, 
 114 
 
 115 
 
 116 
 
 117, 
 
 118 
 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 Ru 
 
 pee 
 
 ^-Eupee 
 
 |-Rupee 
 
 Anna 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Oblique milling in centre of edge ; raided rim. 
 
 As 109 : but r by error for 1 
 
 (Very coarse work.) 
 
 Pl. XXXII. I.O.C. JR 1-6. Wt. 373 
 
 As preceding ; Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 (Better work. Struck over Dollar.) 
 
 I.O.C. M 1-6, Wt. 372 
 
 As 109. 
 
 „ but I I V r by error for | | v T 
 
 BANX^S. M 1-1, wt. 185 
 I.O.C. M 1-1, Wt. 180 
 
 PSINSEP. M 11. Wt. 180 
 
 JIA^K COLLECTION. JR l"), Wt. 179 
 
 ilASSDEN. M -85, Wt. 80 
 
 As 110 
 
 M -65, Wt. 45 
 
 I.O.C. -K -1, Wt. 11
 
 ABKAT. 
 
 287 
 
 No. 
 
 M 
 
 121 
 
 122 
 
 123, 
 124 
 
 125 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Rupee 
 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 :^-Rupee 
 
 2. Calcutta issue. 
 
 Straiglit milling. 
 As 109 : but rose instead of trisul. 
 
 2 Annas 
 
 126 
 
 Anna 
 
 THOMAS. M r05, Wt, 179 
 
 » >> 
 
 As 110 
 
 )> )) 
 
 Pl. XXXII. iR -85, Wt. 90 
 
 M '65, Wt. 45 
 M -65 
 
 » » 
 
 .ai -5, Wt. 22 
 
 >> >> 
 
 41 •■!, Wt. 11
 
 288 
 
 FEEXCH COMPANY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 
 (iii.) Issued at Pondicherey 
 
 
 
 Br THE French Compagnik des Indes. 
 
 
 
 {Natire style.) 
 
 
 
 (A. In name of 'AlamgIr II.) 
 
 M 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 127 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Same as 109 : 
 
 Same as 109. 
 
 
 
 but O instead of 4^. 
 
 Hijrah year obliterated. 
 
 
 
 Regnal year T 
 
 Pl. XXXII. BAyK COLL. 
 M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 (B, In name of Siiah-'Alam.) 
 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 M 
 
 128 
 
 >) 
 
 Same as 127. 
 
 ^•o-=*-« aJ>JI ^j.Ji 15'*''*' 
 
 
 
 Regnal year B 
 
 .1 
 
 ib ^U ^L, J.^s aA[^ 
 
 
 
 
 Xi 
 
 
 
 
 [j5^^ C-AA y. ^J] 
 
 
 
 
 No Hijrah year. 
 
 
 
 
 Pl. XXXII. BAKES. M 9, Wo. 172 
 
 129 
 
 )) 
 
 „ Regnal year 1 
 
 /.O.r. M -9, "Wt. 174 
 
 130 
 
 )) 
 
 „ Regnal year | , 
 
 „ year | | A B 
 
 BANKS. M -95, Wt. 176 
 
 131 
 
 J> 
 
 „ Regnal year | "^ 
 
 „ year | A A 
 
 I.O.C. M-%, Wt. 177 
 
 132 
 
 >) 
 
 ,, Regnal year | "1 
 
 „ year | ^ | 
 
 .B^^iV^ir COii. M P, wt. 177 
 
 133 
 
 )> 
 
 ,, Regnal year | ^ 
 
 „ J par 1 n r 
 
 J.4J\'ir COir. .R -9, Wt. 175
 
 AREAT. 
 
 289 
 
 Xo. 
 
 M 
 
 134 
 
 135 
 
 18R, 
 137 
 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 140 
 
 141 
 
 142 
 
 143 
 
 144 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 R 
 
 upee 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Same as 127 ; Regnal year T T 
 
 „ Regnal year Tp^ 
 „ Regnal year TO 
 
 ,, Regnal year pA 
 
 „ Regnal year T ^ 
 
 „ Regnal year T ♦ 
 
 ,, Regnal year T T 
 
 (for 22 r) 
 
 ,, Regnal year f" T 
 
 (for 22 ?) 
 
 „ Regnal year T T 
 „ Regnal year f^T 
 
 Rev. 
 
 Same as 128 ; but year ( '] < 
 
 I.O.C. ^-95, Wt. 177 
 
 » year | ^ ^ 
 
 MARSDEN. M '9, Wt. 175 
 
 „ year | r • • 
 (obliterated on 137). 
 
 M -9, wt. 176 
 MAHSDEN. M 9, Wc. 176 
 
 „ year obliterated. 
 
 (Clipped.) FRINSEP. M -9. Wt. 160 
 
 „ year )^ 
 
 3IARSDEN. SL 9, Wt. 176 
 
 „ year obliterated. 
 
 MARSDEN. &l -9, Wt. 174 
 
 ,, year | | i A 
 
 (Thin.) BANES, ja 1-05, W t. 177 
 
 i, year | ^ a 
 
 MAESDE^\ M -9, Wt. 173 
 
 „ year . /L 
 
 THEOBALD. M 'H, Wt. 172 
 
 ,, year | A 
 
 Ai -Vo, Wt. 174 
 
 P P
 
 290 
 
 EAST IXDIA COMPAXY'S ISSUES. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obr. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 
 VI 1 1. MASULI PATAN. 
 
 
 
 IN NAME OF 'ALAMGIr II ( '0. 
 
 M 
 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 U5 
 
 Double 
 Rupee 
 
 IJJri 
 
 
 .1^.1 
 
 I ^ 
 
 jL^ dxw 
 
 ^MJ 
 
 
 
 Cy^i ^^v**-^ 
 
 Pl. XXXII. MABSDEN. 
 M 1 25, Wt. 318 
 
 UG 
 
 Rupee 
 
 „ Partly cut off. 
 
 „ but 115^ 
 
 I.O.C. M 85. Wt. 174 
 
 147 
 
 ^-Rupee 
 
 >> » 
 
 „ but 1 r^ A 
 
 
 
 
 / O.C. M -65, Wt. 87 
 
 
 
 IN NAME OF SHAH- 'A LAM. 
 
 
 
 S 1 L Y E R . 
 
 148 
 
 Rupee 
 
 Same as 115 : but U r^, 
 
 Same as 1 28 : but j^ear f j T 
 
 Pl. XXXII. ^^ARSnEiV. 
 JR Oo, Wt. 175 
 
 149 
 
 )> 
 
 >) 
 
 but 1 [^ 
 MAIISDEX. M ur., Wt. 175
 
 I 
 
 ( 291 ) 
 
 COPPER ISSUES 
 OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY, 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomx- 
 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 
 CALCUTTA. 
 
 (Ix NAME OF SuaH-'AlAM.) 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 150, 
 151 
 
 4 Pais 
 
 w-*«.*L^ 
 
 1 1 1 n^" 
 
 
 a;-; 1 1 
 
 dlw^L^ ^Ic 
 
 
 
 w>J> S 
 
 
 
 A ZCJL^ 
 
 BANKS. M 1-05, Wt. 425 
 MAESDEN. M 1-05, Wt. 416 
 
 152 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 ,, but A A 
 MARS DEN. X I'CS, Wt. 442 
 
 153 
 
 2 Pais 
 
 Same : but . . s*.*-; | .j (?) 
 
 but 1 1 AA 
 
 
 
 BANKS. JE -9, Wt. 223 
 
 * For ( 1 A 
 
 A, probably.
 
 292 
 
 COPPER ISSUES OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 
 
 
 (BENGAL PROVINCE.) 
 
 NO MINT. 
 
 (In name of Siiaii-'Alam.) 
 
 
 
 
 Issue of Uegnal Year 22: a.h. 1195. 
 
 JE 
 
 
 
 
 154- 
 156 
 
 2 Pais 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 n C iLi 
 Two stars. 
 
 
 
 
 Five stars. 
 
 
 
 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. M 115, Wt. 204* 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 1'05, Wt. 239 
 
 
 
 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. M V\, Wt. 213 
 
 157- 
 159 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 
 „ (NV 159 has 
 only two stars.) 
 
 >} 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. A'. 9. Wt. 113 1 
 JV. '85, Wt. 110 
 M -9, Wt. Ill 
 
 160, 
 1(31 
 
 i-Pai 
 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 JV. -7, Wt. GO J 
 M -7, Wt. 67 
 
 162, 
 
 i-V(i\ 
 
 
 »> 
 
 it 
 
 163 
 
 
 
 
 M -6. Wt. 29 § 
 .S, -65, Wt. 28 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 Duplicates of this in the Mnseum wei<;h 224, 228, 220, and 218 grs. 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 „ „ „ „ 101, 109, and 112 grs. 
 
 
 
 
 11 ,) „ ,, 54, 55, 57, and 58 grs. 
 
 1 
 
 
 § 
 
 » >> »i 
 
 „ 24, 25, 28, and 31 grs.
 
 BENGAL PBOVINGE. 
 
 293 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 Dation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Key. 
 
 
 
 Issue of Reghs"al Year 37 (no Hijrah Year). 
 
 
 
 a. Persian and Ndgari* 
 
 lev- 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 A. 5C ., 
 
 dLi 
 
 ies 
 
 
 
 .1 
 
 
 
 ^^ int 
 
 
 
 
 Wt^l 
 
 £L..«_«>r 
 
 
 
 (Different dies, slightly varied.) 
 
 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. M '95, Wt. 100 
 
 
 
 FSEUDENTHAL. M VO, Wt. 99 
 
 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. M 'SS, "Wt. 100 
 
 
 
 (Worn.) m -9, Wt. 79 
 
 
 
 (Ki'igaii not debased.) yE, -95, Wt. 100 
 
 1G9 
 
 2 Pais 
 
 (xS^ 
 
 As 164: without trisul. 
 
 
 
 <S^-i i^ 
 
 % 
 
 
 
 ¥^^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^I't^T . 
 
 FREVDENTHAL. M ri5, Wt. 168 
 
 170 
 
 i-Pai 
 
 
 As 169. 
 
 
 
 ^^^T 
 
 FREUDENTBAL. M '65, Wt. 47 
 
 
 
 * The Nagari is g 
 
 enerally debased.
 
 29 i 
 
 COPrER ISSUES OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Kev. 
 
 
 
 Persian, Beugdli and Nagar'i. 
 
 171- 
 174 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 
 As 1G9. 
 
 
 
 ^^ inf 
 
 FJIT.UBENTBAL M V\, Wt. 136 
 
 
 
 FBEUDEXTHAL. M 10, Wt. Iii3 
 
 
 
 ^^^T 
 
 FKEVDKNTHAL. M "9, Wt. 100 
 (Milled rim.) BANKS. .31 1-2, Wt. 221 
 
 175 
 
 l-Pai 
 
 A^ ^Ij ^J 
 
 As 109. 
 
 
 
 i^i 
 
 FBEVDEyrilAL. M -ys, Wt. 59 
 
 
 
 Issue of Re(jkal Year 45 (no Hijraii Yeah). 
 
 
 
 Persian and Ncigari. 
 
 170- 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 As 1 U. 
 
 As 104: but fvo 
 
 179 
 
 
 
 M 9, Wt. 92 
 /£ -9. Wt. 99 
 
 
 
 (With trisul on obv., and star on rev.) R -9, Wt. 100 
 
 
 
 ( „ star varied.) M -85, Wt. 99 
 
 
 
 Persian, Bengali and Nagari. 
 
 180 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 As 171. 
 
 As 171 : but (Vfi 
 FEEIDESTHAL. M 20, Wt. 92
 
 BEXABES. 
 
 295 
 
 No. 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 M 
 181 
 
 182 
 
 [2 Pais] 
 
 I8i 
 
 [fPai] 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Eev. 
 
 BENARES. 
 
 Y 
 
 
 l_;..j 
 
 r") 
 
 -r'^- 
 
 Y^jt_;_j 
 
 Same as 181. 
 
 I r r I 3-3^9 
 
 Fish above date. 
 
 M 1-2, Wt. 240 
 
 Same : but | T T A belovv 
 as 
 
 tH3"^ 
 
 Same as 181. 
 
 JE 1-f 5, Wt 200 
 
 ^ -6, Wt. 30
 
 296 
 
 COPPER ISSUES OF THE FAST INDIA COMPANY. 
 
 No. 
 
 m 
 
 184 
 
 185 
 
 Denomi- 
 nation. 
 
 2 Pais 
 
 186 
 
 187 
 
 1 Pai 
 
 Obv. 
 
 Rev. 
 
 ARKAT. 
 
 CH> 
 
 .i.d 
 
 ^J. — p 
 
 
 
 „ but r ^ 
 „ but r^ 
 
 ir.. 
 
 Pl. xxxiu. frevdenthal. 
 
 & -9, Wt. 207 
 
 Same : but | T ♦ -^ 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. M -9, Wt. 207 
 
 Same : but | T I (unit cut 
 off'). 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. JE "GS, Wt. 205 
 
 Same : but | T (unit and 
 decade cut off"). 
 
 FREUDENTHAL. .£ •',, Wt. 105
 
 INDEXES, 
 
 Q Q
 
 ( 299 ) 
 
 I. INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 (:*^ Hijrali years in brackets [ ] are calculated by means of the regnal years. 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 933 
 935 
 936 
 
 >j 
 942 
 962 
 963 
 
 }j 
 964 
 965 
 966 
 967 
 
 )> 
 96x 
 970 
 
 971 
 
 972 
 
 ■>} 
 
 973 
 
 974 
 
 975 
 jj 
 jj 
 jj 
 
 976 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 35 
 )> 
 
 )) 
 
 M 
 
 )) 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Narnol 
 
 JVarnol 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Agrah 
 Sarangpur 
 
 Lahore 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Dehli 
 
 3J 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Babar* 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 >> 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 3> 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 J> 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 Humayun* 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 j> 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 Akbar 
 
 84 
 
 21 
 
 )) 
 
 255 
 
 49 
 
 )j 
 
 85 
 
 21 
 
 3J 
 
 256 
 
 49 
 
 >> 
 
 257 
 
 49 
 
 >J 
 
 86 
 
 '2-2 
 
 >> 
 
 87 
 
 22 
 
 J> 
 
 88, 88a 
 
 22,23 
 
 J> 
 
 89,90 
 
 23 
 
 3) 
 
 91 
 
 23 
 
 33 
 
 23 
 
 11 
 
 33 
 
 24 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 25 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 26-28 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 92,93 
 
 23 
 
 33 
 
 94 
 
 24 
 
 33 
 
 29 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 31 
 
 13 
 
 33 
 
 32 
 
 13 
 
 33 
 
 95 
 
 24 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 13 
 
 33 
 
 96 
 
 24 
 
 33 
 
 34-37 
 
 13 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 13 
 
 33 
 
 97 
 
 25 
 
 33 
 
 98 
 
 25 
 
 33 
 
 99 
 
 25 
 
 33 
 
 39 
 
 14 
 
 * See also Early Local Copper, a.h. 936-942, on jip. 262-3,
 
 300 
 
 INDEX OF YEABS. 
 
 Year ReEnal 
 
 A.H. y""- 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 Page. 
 
 76 
 
 — 
 
 VV 
 
 — 
 
 » 
 
 — 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 78 
 
 — 
 
 }) 
 
 — 
 
 )> 
 
 — 
 
 7x 
 
 — 
 
 80 
 
 — 
 
 jj 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 — 
 
 81 
 
 z 
 
 8-? 
 
 — 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 5> 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 8B 
 
 ~ 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 3^ 
 
 — 
 
 7> 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 )> 
 
 — 
 
 84 
 
 — 
 
 J) 
 
 — 
 
 >5 
 
 — 
 
 85 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 — 
 
 J) 
 
 — 
 
 8b 
 
 — 
 
 »> 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 — 
 
 
 M 
 
 JE 
 
 a: 
 
 J) 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 >) 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 Ai 
 
 N 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 
 Affrah 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Dehli 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 5) 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Jaunpur 
 Lahore 
 Ahmadabad 
 Asrrah 
 
 Narnol 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Agrah 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Karnol 
 Ahmadabad 
 Jaunpur 
 Lahore 
 
 Jaunpur 
 Ahmadabad 
 Dogiim 
 Sirhind 
 
 { Muhammad- 
 i Abad Udaipui- 
 
 Dehh' 
 
 Malpiir 
 Fathpur 
 
 Lahore 
 Fathpur 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbar 
 
 40 
 
 100 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 101 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 102 
 
 47 
 
 258 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 103 
 
 259 
 
 260 
 
 50,51 
 
 104 
 
 52,53,54 
 
 55, 56 
 
 105, 106 
 
 261 
 
 262 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59, 60 
 
 107, 112 
 
 108-10 
 
 111 
 
 263 
 
 61 
 
 62,64 
 
 63 
 
 113 
 
 65 
 
 114 
 
 115-17 
 
 264 
 
 66 
 
 118,119 
 
 120 
 
 122, 123 
 
 124 
 
 67 
 
 68 
 
 121,132
 
 INDEX OF YEABS. 
 
 301 
 
 Year 
 A. II. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 OS'; 
 
 9«8 
 
 9.s9 
 
 98x 
 
 990 
 
 [991] 
 
 992 
 
 )) 
 99 o 
 
 [.] 
 
 [„] 
 994 
 
 j> 
 
 [„] 
 995 
 
 [.] 
 
 [„] 
 
 [.] 
 [996] 
 
 [.] 
 
 997 
 
 998 
 [.] 
 
 [.] 
 999 
 
 28 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 36 
 
 Dai 
 Mardad 
 
 Mihr 
 
 dxx 
 
 ^ 
 
 >) 
 
 N 
 
 .11 
 
 5) 
 
 /R 
 
 J) 
 
 yR 
 M 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 Urdu 
 Lahore 
 Patnah 
 
 Fathpur 
 Lahore 
 
 Lahore 
 Fathpur 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 Peshawar ? 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Dogam 
 Allahabad 
 
 Kabul 
 
 
 JE 
 M 
 
 )) 
 JJ 
 
 J) 
 
 )5 
 
 Kabul 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ardibihist 
 Amardad 
 
 
 Abaa 
 Bah man 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Tattah 
 Lahore 
 Narnol ? 
 Gwalior 
 
 Dai 
 
 
 Akbar 
 
 r25,125a, 
 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 129, 130 
 
 13] 
 265, 267 
 
 266 
 
 69 
 
 70 
 71,72 
 
 133 
 134,135 
 
 136 
 
 268 
 
 137 
 138,139 
 
 269 
 
 270 
 
 140 
 
 177 
 
 141 
 
 252« 
 
 142 
 
 178 
 
 179 
 
 143 
 
 271 
 
 273 
 144,145 
 
 163 
 
 180 
 
 274 
 
 181 
 
 274a 
 146, 147 
 
 2526 
 182-84 
 148, 149 
 
 185 
 
 186 
 
 150 
 
 187 
 
 188 
 
 189 
 
 275 
 
 276 
 
 272
 
 302 
 
 INDEX OF YEAES. 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1000 
 
 
 
 
 AT 
 
 C Urdu-Zafar- 
 ( Kari'n 
 
 [ Akbar 
 
 73-82 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 9> 
 
 99 
 
 151-59 
 
 31 
 
 J) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 JR 
 
 )9 
 
 99 
 
 273 
 
 ''>9 
 
 J) 
 
 
 O^ 
 
 [.] 
 
 37 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 99 
 
 190 
 
 36 
 
 
 
 '„] 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 99 
 
 Ahmadabiid 
 
 99 
 
 191 
 
 36 
 
 
 ,,] 
 
 )> 
 
 Dai 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mill tan 
 
 }) 
 
 277 
 
 53 
 
 [1001] 
 
 38 
 
 
 M 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 99 
 
 192 
 
 36 
 
 . J> 
 
 }> 
 
 Bahman 
 
 99 
 
 9> 
 
 99 
 
 193 
 
 36 
 
 ^ J) , 
 
 }} 
 
 Tir 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 9> 
 
 194 
 
 37 
 
 . )) 
 
 >> 
 
 Far war di a 
 
 99 
 
 » 
 
 99 
 
 195 
 
 37 
 
 . )> 
 
 >> 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 196 
 
 37 
 
 )) I 
 
 >> 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 M 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 99 
 
 278 
 
 53 
 
 
 1002] 
 
 39 
 
 Azur 
 
 M 
 
 Lahore 
 
 99 
 
 198 
 
 37 
 
 
 :„ ] 
 
 >> 
 
 Farwardiu 
 
 JE 
 
 >) 
 
 )t 
 
 279 
 
 54 
 
 
 1003] 
 
 40 
 
 Kliiirdad 
 
 jR 
 
 Tattah 
 
 99 
 
 199 
 
 37 
 
 
 »; . 
 
 M 
 
 Bahman 
 
 }} 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 200 
 
 38 
 
 
 , J> 
 
 J> 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 
 »> 
 
 201 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 
 _ )) 
 
 >> 
 
 
 >9 
 
 
 >» 
 
 202 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 
 [100-4] 
 
 41 
 
 Khi'irdad 
 
 99 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 99 
 
 203 
 
 38 
 
 I,.] 
 
 9} 
 
 Istaudarmiz 
 
 99 
 
 Lahore 
 
 J» 
 
 204 
 
 38 
 
 ^ „ J 
 
 }y 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 99 
 
 2U5 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 [1005] 
 
 42 
 
 Bahman 
 
 AT 
 
 Agrah 
 
 99 
 
 1()4 
 
 32 
 
 jj 
 
 >j 
 
 Khiirdad 
 
 M 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 99 
 
 206 
 
 39 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Tir 
 
 99 
 
 >9 
 
 91 
 
 207 
 
 39 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 Abaa 
 
 99 
 
 >9 
 
 >9 
 
 208 
 
 39 
 
 jj 
 
 99 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 99 
 
 Patnah 
 
 99 
 
 209 
 
 39 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 }y 
 
 99 
 
 9> 
 
 210 
 
 39 
 
 M 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 99 
 
 Tir 
 
 99 
 
 Lahore 
 
 99 
 
 211 
 
 39 
 
 J> 
 
 9) 
 
 Bahman 
 
 99 
 
 >> 
 
 99 
 
 212 
 
 39 
 
 J> 
 
 99 
 
 Tir 
 
 99 
 
 Dehh' ? 
 
 9» 
 
 213 
 
 40 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 it 
 
 214 
 
 40 
 
 J> 
 
 
 
 [lOOG] 
 
 43 
 
 Khurd;id 
 
 99 
 
 Patnah 
 
 99 
 
 215 
 
 40 
 
 >> 
 
 J> 
 
 Bahman 
 
 >) 
 
 9> 
 
 99 
 
 216 
 
 40 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 99 
 
 217 
 
 40 
 
 7) 
 
 
 
 
 91 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 99 
 
 
 99 
 
 218 
 
 40 
 
 >> 
 
 
 J) 
 
 JJ 
 
 Tir 
 
 M 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >9 
 
 279a 
 
 54 
 
 [1007] 
 
 44 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 N 
 
 Agrah 
 
 99 
 
 165 
 
 32 
 
 j> 
 
 J J 
 
 Amardad 
 
 M 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 99 
 
 219 
 
 40 
 
 jj 
 
 J J 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 99 
 
 Patnah 
 
 99 
 
 220 
 
 41 
 
 >j 
 
 ) J 
 
 Aban 
 
 99 
 
 Kiibul 
 
 99 
 
 221 
 
 41 
 
 j> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 99 
 
 Lahore 
 
 99 
 
 222 
 
 41 
 
 5> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 J9 
 
 }■> 
 
 99 
 
 223 
 
 41 
 
 J> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Aban 
 
 99 
 
 }) 
 
 3» 
 
 224 
 
 41 
 
 5> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Azur 
 
 J9 
 
 99 
 
 J> 
 
 225 
 
 41 
 
 9) 
 
 JJ 
 
 Amardad 
 
 M 
 
 Bairatah 
 
 99 
 
 280-8la 
 
 54 
 
 [1005-7] 
 
 42-4 
 
 Dai 
 
 99 
 
 Dehli 
 
 99 
 
 282 
 
 64 
 
 [ 
 
 1008] 
 
 45 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 N 
 
 Asir 
 
 39 
 
 166 
 
 33
 
 IXDEX OF YEAES. 
 
 303 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 [1008] 
 
 [1009] 
 
 Regnal; 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 [1010] 
 
 [1011] 
 
 [1012] 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 J> 
 
 )> 
 
 5) 
 
 >» 
 
 [lOxcc] 
 [1013] 
 
 4cc 
 50 
 
 }) 
 
 1) 
 
 5> 
 
 M 
 
 J) 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 J) 
 
 )> 
 
 )> 
 
 [1014] 
 
 51 
 
 X 
 
 2 
 
 X 
 
 1014 
 
 >> 
 1 
 
 >> 
 1015 
 
 1 
 
 Dai 
 
 )> 
 Babman 
 
 Til- 
 
 Azur 
 
 Dai 
 
 Kbiirdad 
 
 Azur 
 
 Dai 
 
 Aban 
 
 Babman 
 
 Mibr 
 
 Azur 
 
 Kburdad 
 
 Aban 
 
 Dai 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 Tir 
 
 Aban 
 
 Mihr 
 
 Dai 
 
 Amardad 
 
 Aban 
 
 Farwardin 
 
 Amardad 
 
 Azur 
 
 Aban 
 
 Dai 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 Aban 
 Farwardin 
 
 Amardad 
 Kbiirdad 
 Amardad 
 Farwardin 
 Amardad 
 Farwardin 
 Sbahriwar 
 
 Farwardin 
 Kburdad 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 2E 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 Kabul 
 Lahore 
 
 )) 
 Ahmadab<4.d 
 Patnah 
 Kabul 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Kabu'l 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 >} 
 
 }) 
 Burhanpur 
 
 }> 
 Lahore 
 
 )> 
 Agrah 
 
 )) 
 
 Kabul 
 
 j> 
 Lahore 
 
 Patnah ? 
 Agrah 
 fi 
 
 >> 
 Lahore 
 
 N 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 )) 
 
 Ahmadabad < 
 
 Agrah 
 Akbarnagar 
 Kabul 
 Agrah 
 
 Akbar 
 
 226 
 
 
 227 
 228 
 
 J J 
 
 229 
 
 
 230 
 
 J? 
 
 231 
 232 
 
 J) 
 
 233 
 
 jj 
 
 234 
 
 jj 
 
 283 
 
 )j 
 
 235 
 
 )) 
 
 236 
 
 M 
 J) 
 
 237 
 238 
 
 yj 
 
 239 
 
 j» 
 
 240 
 
 J J 
 
 284 
 
 J) 
 
 285 
 
 )> 
 
 286 
 
 19 
 
 241 
 
 
 197 
 242 
 
 J J 
 
 243-44a 
 
 J J 
 
 167 
 
 )J 
 
 168 
 
 JJ 
 
 169 
 
 JJ 
 
 245 
 
 . ) J 
 
 246 
 
 1 J 
 
 247 
 
 JJ 
 
 248 
 
 J J 
 
 249 
 
 ) J 
 
 287 
 
 JJ 
 
 170 
 173-74 
 
 )J 
 JJ 
 ) J 
 
 171 
 172 
 
 250 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 251 
 
 287a 
 
 Salim 
 
 175 
 ) 
 
 [Jahangir] as 
 
 ^288 
 
 Governor 
 
 ) 
 
 Jahaogir 
 
 289 
 402, 403 
 
 JJ 
 
 404 
 
 JJ 
 
 405 
 
 JJ 
 
 290 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 42 
 42 
 42 
 42 
 42 
 43 
 43 
 54 
 43 
 43 
 43 
 44 
 44 
 44 
 54 
 55 
 55 
 44 
 37 
 44 
 44,45 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 45 
 55 
 33 
 34 
 34 
 34 
 46 
 46 
 55 
 34 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 79 
 80 
 80 
 57
 
 304 
 
 INDEX OF YEABS. 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 Retinal 
 yt*ar. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 EMPEROU. 
 
 NO. 
 
 1015 
 
 1016 
 
 lor 
 
 1018 
 
 1019 
 
 1020 
 
 1021 
 
 [.] 
 
 1022 
 
 (4 sic) 
 
 
 Amavdad 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 Bahman 
 
 Milir 
 
 Aban 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 Milir 
 
 Dai 
 
 Ardibihist 
 Shahriwar 
 
 Mihr 
 
 Faiwaidiu 
 
 Amardad 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 
 AT 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 AT 
 M 
 
 »» 
 
 AT 
 
 M 
 
 AT 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 N 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 N 
 
 Lahore 
 Kabul 
 
 )) 
 Agrah 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 j> 
 Lahore 
 Agrah 
 Ahmadabad 
 Patnah 
 Lahore 
 Alimadaliad 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbaruagar 
 Agrah 
 
 » 
 Lahore 
 Agrah 
 Ahmadabad 
 Agrah 
 Patnah 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Kaslimir 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agiah 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Kanchihar 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Dehh' 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 Kandahar 
 
 Jahaujjir 
 
 291-93 
 
 406 
 
 407 
 
 408 
 
 410 
 
 412 
 
 414 
 
 409 
 
 411 
 
 413 
 415,416 
 
 417 
 
 420 
 
 294 
 
 421,422 
 
 418,419 
 
 295 
 
 423 
 
 424 
 
 296 
 
 425 
 426,427 
 
 428 
 
 429 
 430, 431 
 
 432 
 
 433 
 434-36 
 437,438 
 
 438a 
 
 297 
 312-16 
 
 439 
 
 440 
 
 441 
 
 298 
 
 299 
 
 317 
 
 442 
 
 443 
 
 444 
 445, 446 
 
 447 
 
 448 
 
 449 
 
 512 
 
 300 
 
 450 
 
 57-58 
 80 
 80 
 80 
 80 
 80 
 81 
 80 
 JSO 
 81 
 81 
 81 
 82 
 58 
 82 
 81 
 58 
 82 
 82 
 58 
 83 
 83 
 83 
 83 
 83 
 84 
 84 
 84 
 85 
 85 
 59 
 63 
 85 
 86 
 86 
 59 
 59 
 63 
 86 
 86 
 86
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 305 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 ZODIACAL 
 
 SIGN. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEEOK. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1023 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 AT 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 318 
 
 64 
 
 
 >J 
 
 3J 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 
 M 
 
 Kaudahar 
 
 )t 
 
 4.51 
 
 87 
 
 [ „ ] 
 
 JJ 
 
 Dai 
 
 
 tt 
 
 Laiiore 
 
 >> 
 
 452 
 
 88 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 A" 
 
 Ajmir 
 Agrah 
 
 
 319-21 
 453 
 
 64 
 88 
 
 }} 
 >} 
 
 Khiirdad 
 
 
 M 
 
 }t 
 
 jy 
 
 J J 
 
 Tir 
 
 
 }t 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 tt 
 
 454 
 
 88 
 
 [ n ] 
 
 
 J? 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 
 >i 
 
 Lahore 
 
 )) 
 
 455 
 
 88 
 
 l„ ^ 
 
 
 )> 
 
 TIr 
 
 
 >> 
 
 tt 
 
 )) 
 
 456 
 
 88 
 
 [1024J 
 
 10 
 
 Dai 
 
 
 ,, 
 
 )t 
 
 tt 
 
 457 
 
 88 
 
 1024 
 
 J J 
 
 Ardibihist 
 
 
 M 
 
 Agrah 
 
 tt 
 
 301 
 
 60 
 
 1025 
 
 
 
 
 It 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 >» 
 
 302 
 
 60 
 
 
 J? 
 
 11 
 
 Abaa 
 
 
 tt 
 
 Agrah 
 
 tt 
 
 303 
 
 60 
 
 )) 
 
 )5 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 
 M 
 
 It 
 
 ,, 
 
 458,459 
 
 89 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 >) 
 
 460 
 
 89 
 
 )) 
 
 
 >» 
 
 
 Abaa 
 
 
 j> 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 Lahore 
 
 yt 
 
 461 
 462 
 463 
 
 89 
 90 
 90 
 
 >> 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 >> 
 
 tt 
 )t 
 
 1026 
 
 >) 
 
 Dai 
 
 
 )> 
 
 Agrah 
 
 >) 
 
 464 
 
 90 
 
 )) 
 
 12 
 
 Mihr 
 
 
 A^ 
 
 >) 
 
 tt 
 
 304 
 
 60 
 
 >y 
 
 J) 
 
 Tir 
 
 
 M 
 
 » 
 
 
 465 
 
 90 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Azur 
 
 
 »» 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 >) 
 
 466 
 
 90 
 
 j> 
 
 12 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Patnah 
 
 )) 
 
 467 
 
 91 
 
 ?) 
 
 it 
 
 Khiirdad 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Tattah 
 
 )> 
 
 468 
 
 91 
 
 
 >j 
 
 
 
 »» 
 
 Lahore 
 
 tt 
 
 469 
 
 91 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 )) 
 
 470,471 
 
 91 
 
 5> 
 
 
 1027 
 
 JJ 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 
 
 Kabul 
 
 )» 
 
 473 
 
 92 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 >) 
 
 472 
 
 92 
 
 j» 
 
 
 5) 
 
 ty 
 
 Abaa 
 
 
 
 Agrah 
 
 >> 
 
 474 
 
 92 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 
 475 
 
 92 
 
 5> 
 
 
 M 
 
 }} 
 
 Abaa 
 
 
 
 Patnah 
 
 >» 
 
 476 
 
 93 
 
 
 It 
 
 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 
 477 
 
 93 
 
 >» 
 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 Aries 
 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 )) 
 
 361-68 
 
 72 
 
 J J 
 
 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Taurus 
 
 
 )> 
 
 )( 
 
 364,865 
 
 72 
 
 >) 
 
 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Gremini 
 
 
 )> 
 
 t > 
 
 368,369 
 
 73 
 
 J> 
 
 
 
 )) 
 
 
 Cancer 
 
 
 »> 
 
 »> 
 
 370,871 
 
 73 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 )t 
 
 
 Leo 
 
 
 >) 
 
 ,, 
 
 372,373 
 
 73 
 
 )> 
 
 
 
 )} 
 
 
 51 
 
 
 ») 
 
 tt 
 
 385 
 
 76 
 
 >» 
 
 
 
 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 
 )) 
 
 t) 
 
 374 
 
 74 
 
 >) 
 
 
 1028 
 
 13 
 
 
 Pisces 
 
 ^ 
 
 Agrah 
 
 It 
 
 358 
 
 71 
 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1 1 
 
 305 
 
 61 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 
 }> 
 
 
 
 
 Ahmadahad 
 
 ,j 
 
 306 
 
 61 
 
 >) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 t) 
 
 !) 
 
 478 
 
 93 
 
 j> 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Khiirdad 
 
 
 
 Patnah 
 
 » J 
 
 479 
 
 93 
 
 J) 
 
 
 
 }f 
 
 A mar dad 
 
 
 
 )t 
 
 )) 
 
 480 
 
 93 
 
 J) 
 
 
 
 )} 
 
 
 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 )» 
 
 481,482 
 
 93 
 
 9) 
 
 
 
 »> 
 
 f) 
 
 
 
 Aries 
 
 N 
 
 Agrah 
 
 
 322 
 
 66 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 j> 
 
 M 
 
 1) 
 
 ,, 
 
 386 
 
 77 
 
 >t 
 
 
 ?f 
 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Taurus 
 
 N 
 
 >) 
 
 M 
 
 324-26 
 
 65
 
 306 
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 1028 
 
 1029 
 
 1030 
 
 1031 
 
 Regnal 
 
 year. 
 
 14 
 
 U 
 
 12 
 
 >j 
 
 14 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 ZODIACAL 
 SIGN. 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 Shahriwar 
 
 Taurus 
 
 Cancer 
 
 Leo 
 
 Virgo 
 
 )) 
 
 Libra 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Caprioomus 
 
 Aquarius 
 
 >y 
 
 Pisces 
 
 Capricornus 
 }} 
 
 Taurus 
 Gemiui 
 Cancer 
 Gemini 
 Leo 
 
 Aries 
 
 Taurus 
 
 Cancer 
 
 Virgo 
 
 Libra 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Capricornus 
 
 17 
 
 Gemini 
 Virgo 
 
 Sagittarius 
 Capricornus 
 
 Aquarius 
 Cancer 
 
 Metal. 
 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 )> 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 }) 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 MINT. 
 
 N 
 
 A' 
 
 EMPEROE. 
 
 Agrali 
 
 Ahmadabatl 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 Agrrah 
 
 Ahmad abad 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Kandaiiar 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Alimadabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Agrrah 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 M 
 
 NO. 
 
 387 
 
 376 
 
 334 
 
 338 
 
 378 
 
 342 
 
 380 
 
 397 
 
 350 
 
 383 
 
 400 
 
 384 
 
 401 
 
 483 
 
 486 
 
 351 
 
 375 
 
 366 
 
 330 
 
 333a, 1) 
 
 388, 389 
 
 335 
 
 391 
 
 307 
 
 484 
 
 485 
 
 487 
 
 488 
 
 490 
 
 489 
 
 491 
 
 323 
 327, 328 
 
 333c 
 
 339 
 
 343 
 
 346 
 
 346a 
 
 352 
 492,493 
 
 494 
 
 331 
 
 340 
 
 348 
 C353 
 (382 
 
 355 
 .1. 390
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 307 
 
 Years. 
 
 A.ir. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 1031 
 
 1032 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 18 
 17 
 
 J) 
 
 18 
 
 1033 
 
 1035 
 
 [»] 
 >) 
 
 )) 
 1036 
 
 ZODIACAL 
 SIGN. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 Leo 
 Libra 
 Pisces 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 
 Leo 
 
 Scorpio 
 
 Libra 
 
 Caprioornus 
 Sagittarius 
 
 Taurus 
 
 Gemini 
 
 Libra 
 
 Aquarius 
 
 M 
 
 }} 
 
 N 
 
 }) 
 JR 
 
 AT 
 
 MINT. 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 18 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 [1033-4] 
 
 lok 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 Gemini 
 
 5^ 
 
 Leo 
 Virgo 
 
 Libra 
 
 Capricoraus 
 
 Sagittarius 
 
 55 
 
 Pi.sces 
 
 Isfandarmiz 
 Shahriwar 
 
 Bah man 
 
 Aban 
 
 Farwardin 
 
 Agrali 
 
 55 
 55 
 
 Lahore 
 
 55 
 
 Aurah 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 }} 
 
 N 
 
 }) 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 5) 
 
 M 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Surat 
 
 Agrah 
 
 EMPEEOR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Jahangfr 
 
 336,337 
 396 
 359 
 495 
 496 
 377 
 347 
 395 
 354 
 349 
 329 
 332 
 344 
 356 
 497 
 498 
 499 
 
 Jahangi'r & 
 
 Nur-Jahan 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 55 
 
 Lahore 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 Atmadabad 
 Lahore 
 
 Surat 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Patnah 
 
 514 
 
 333 
 367 
 392 
 341 
 379 
 393, 394 
 345 
 399 
 381 
 398 
 360 
 308 
 501 
 500 
 
 515 
 
 518 
 516,517 
 519 
 309 
 502 
 503 
 504 
 
 Jahangir & | ^.^q 
 
 Nur-Jahan ) 
 Jahangir t 505 
 
 „ ; 310 
 
 506 
 507 
 
 Jahangir & 
 Nur-Jahan 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 67 
 
 78 
 
 71 
 
 95 
 
 96 
 
 75 
 
 69 
 
 78 
 
 70 
 
 69 
 
 66 
 
 66 
 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 96 
 
 96 
 
 96 
 
 100 
 
 66 
 73 
 
 77 
 68 
 75 
 78 
 69 
 78 
 76 
 78 
 71 
 62 
 97 
 96 
 
 100 
 
 101 
 100 
 101 
 62 
 
 97 
 97 
 97 
 
 101 
 
 97 
 62 
 98 
 
 98
 
 308 
 
 IXDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Years. 
 
 Regnal 
 
 MONTH, 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROK. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1036 
 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 Surat 
 
 C Jabangir &■ 
 \ Nur-Jahan 
 
 |513 
 
 99 
 
 
 •/ V 
 
 
 
 
 jR 
 
 
 
 521 
 
 101 
 
 1037 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 >> 
 Abmadabad 
 
 >) jj 
 
 522 
 
 101 
 
 
 >> 
 
 A^rab 
 
 >> tt 
 
 523, 524 
 525,526 
 
 101 
 
 [ M ] 
 
 
 
 tf 
 
 Patuab 
 
 ft tt 
 )) tt 
 
 102 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tii^linrft 
 
 Jahiingir 
 
 tt 
 
 508 
 
 98 
 
 lOxx 
 
 )> 
 
 FarwardiD 
 
 ft 
 ft 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 511 
 
 98 
 
 1037 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Djiwar Bakhsb 
 
 Shdh-Jahan 
 
 t) 
 
 527 
 578 
 579 
 
 103 
 
 
 ft 
 
 114 
 
 }f 
 
 
 tt 
 
 ft 
 Acrrab 
 
 J. X ^ 
 
 114 
 
 9} 
 
 
 
 >} 
 
 >> 
 
 
 ft 
 
 Burbanpur 
 
 ,, 
 
 580 
 
 115 
 
 1038 
 
 >) 
 
 
 tt 
 
 A<irab 
 
 It 
 
 581 
 
 115 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 IS u rat 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 
 585, 586 
 528 
 
 116 
 
 
 2 
 
 Ardibibist 
 
 >> 
 
 N 
 
 
 104 
 
 }f 
 
 j> 
 
 Kburdad 
 
 ft 
 
 )> 
 
 >» 
 
 529 
 
 104 
 
 [.. ] 
 
 
 
 
 Daulatabad 
 A grab 
 Akbarabad 
 
 
 530 
 - 582 
 
 105 
 
 J? 
 
 
 ft 
 
 tt 
 
 115 
 
 ft 
 
 
 Th- 
 
 >> 
 
 583 
 
 116 
 
 >> 
 
 >3 
 
 ft 
 
 ft 
 
 Patnah 
 
 >> 
 
 584 
 
 116 
 
 1039 
 
 jy 
 
 Aban 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lahore 
 
 99 
 
 531 
 
 105 
 
 fy 
 
 yy 
 
 . 
 
 M 
 
 Akbaral)ad 
 
 19 
 
 688 
 
 117 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 ft 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 99 
 
 589 
 
 117 
 
 ty 
 
 
 
 ff 
 
 99 
 
 Azur 
 
 tt 
 
 Patnah 
 
 99 
 
 590 
 
 118 
 
 )J 
 
 J) 
 
 A baa 
 
 ft 
 
 Lahore 
 
 )) 
 
 691 
 
 118 
 
 ff 
 
 3 
 
 
 '> 
 
 Multau 
 
 J J 
 
 592 
 
 118 
 
 1040 
 
 )> 
 
 Amardad 
 
 tt 
 
 Patnah 
 
 9) 
 
 596 
 
 119 
 
 >> 
 
 >j 
 
 Bahman 
 
 ft 
 
 ft 
 Lahore 
 Multan 
 Debli 
 
 99 
 
 597 
 599 
 
 119 
 119 
 119 
 120 
 
 >» 
 
 M 
 
 
 i> 
 
 t) 
 
 600 
 
 >> 
 
 99 
 
 Dai 
 
 >> 
 
 99 
 99 
 
 603 
 
 >» 
 
 
 
 " 
 
 Burhaijpur 
 
 >> 
 
 595 
 
 119 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Siirat 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 
 598 
 
 119 
 
 >> 
 
 4 
 
 Farwaidi'a 
 
 >> 
 
 AT 
 
 >t 
 
 tt 
 
 632 
 
 105 
 
 [ ., ] 
 
 It 
 
 )> 
 
 M 
 
 Siirat 
 
 tt 
 
 533 
 
 106 
 
 
 tf 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 }y 
 
 593-94 
 
 118 
 
 )y 
 
 tj 
 
 ' 
 
 >> 
 
 Multan 
 
 f f 
 
 601-2 
 
 119 
 
 1041 
 
 
 
 
 Akbarabad 
 Allahabad 
 
 
 604 
 606 
 
 120 
 120 
 
 It 
 ti 
 
 Azur 
 
 M 
 >> 
 
 99 
 
 }> 
 
 jj 
 
 Tir 
 
 )> 
 
 Patnah 
 
 9) 
 
 607 
 
 121 
 
 jj 
 
 j> 
 
 Azur 
 
 )) 
 
 M 
 
 
 608 
 
 121 
 
 JJ 
 
 >> 
 
 Dai 
 
 )> 
 
 M 
 
 9) 
 
 609 
 
 121 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 » 
 
 Debli 
 
 99 
 
 610 
 
 121 
 
 99 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lahore 
 Akbarabad 
 
 
 611 
 
 121 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 5 
 
 
 
 ft 
 
 605 
 
 120 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lahore 
 Akbarabii 
 
 
 612 
 534 
 
 535 
 
 121 
 106 
 106 
 
 1042 
 
 >> 
 
 
 A^ 
 tt 
 
 9> 
 
 5 
 
 
 >' 

 
 INDEX OF YEABS. 
 
 309 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 10i9 
 
 1050 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 10 
 
 it 
 
 j» 
 11 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 if 
 
 12 
 
 )» 
 
 12 
 
 Farwardin 
 
 Khiiidad 
 Tir 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbaiabad 
 
 MuUaa 
 
 a 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Biubaupur 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 B urban pur 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Akbaiabad. 
 
 Allahabad 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Bliakar 
 
 Surat 
 
 Multan 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 Surat 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Bhakar 
 
 Patnah 
 
 Surat 
 
 Multan 
 
 Akbaiabad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 Akbaiabad 
 
 Tattah 
 
 a 
 
 Lahore 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Multan 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 Surat 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 536 
 
 107 
 
 613 
 
 122 
 
 614 
 
 122 
 
 619,620 
 
 123 
 
 615 
 
 122 
 
 616 
 
 122 
 
 617 
 
 122 
 
 618 
 
 122 
 
 537-39 
 
 107 
 
 540 
 
 107 
 
 541 
 
 108 
 
 542 
 
 108 
 
 621-22 
 
 123 
 
 623 
 
 124 
 
 624 
 
 124 
 
 625-20 
 
 124 
 
 627 
 
 124 
 
 628 
 
 124 
 
 629 
 
 125 
 
 630 
 
 125 
 
 543 
 
 1U8 
 
 631 
 
 125 
 
 632 
 
 125 
 
 633 
 
 126 
 
 544 
 
 109 
 
 545 
 
 109 
 
 634 
 
 126 
 
 635 
 
 12G 
 
 636 
 
 126 
 
 637 
 
 126 
 
 546 
 
 109 
 
 638-39 
 
 126 
 
 640 
 
 127 
 
 641 
 
 127 
 
 642 
 
 127 
 
 643 
 
 127 
 
 644 
 
 127 
 
 645 
 
 128 
 
 547 
 
 109 
 
 rj43 
 
 109 
 
 648 
 
 128 
 
 646 
 
 128 
 
 647 
 
 128 
 
 649 
 
 128 
 
 549 
 
 109 
 
 650 
 
 128 
 
 651 
 
 129 
 
 550 
 
 109
 
 310 
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Years. 
 A.H. 
 
 1050 
 
 1051 
 
 1052 
 1053 
 [1054] 
 1054 
 1055 
 1056 
 
 [ „ ] 
 1057 
 
 1058 
 
 [»] 
 [1059] 
 
 1059 
 1060 
 
 1061 
 >> 
 
 [ „ ] 
 >> 
 
 [„] 
 1062 
 
 1063 
 
 1064 
 
 1066 
 
 [ „ ] 
 1067 
 
 1068 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 MONTH. 
 
 i Metal. 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 19 
 
 20 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 23 
 
 j> 
 
 23 
 
 23 
 24 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 Shah li war 
 {Months are 
 not recorded 
 after this.) 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 >> 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 j> 
 M 
 
 >> 
 »> 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 >i 
 N 
 
 j> 
 M 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Akbarabad 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Akl)aialjad 
 Bmhaapur 
 Suiat. 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Akl)arnaorar 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Kaiuhihar 
 
 Surat 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Tattah 
 Surat 
 Patnah 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Junahgarh 
 13(irhau|jur 
 J u nail garb 
 Daulatabad ? 
 Sliiilijaliatiabad 
 Bui lianpur 
 Akbarabad 
 Patuah 
 Kashmir 
 
 EMPEBOB. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Akbaiabad 
 
 Multan 
 
 Shahjahaiiabad 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Mill tan 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 Si'irat 
 
 Sliah-Jahan 
 
 551 
 
 i} 
 
 552 
 
 >» 
 
 553 
 
 ;> 
 
 554 
 
 >i 
 
 555 
 
 )> 
 
 652 
 
 )> 
 
 556 
 
 5> 
 
 557 
 
 >> 
 
 653 
 
 JJ 
 
 654 
 
 )> 
 
 655 
 
 )l 
 
 558 
 
 »» 
 
 656 
 
 )> 
 
 657 
 
 >> 
 
 658 
 
 
 659 
 
 5> 
 
 559, 560 
 
 >l 
 
 660 
 
 >» 
 
 661 
 
 W 
 
 663 
 
 l> 
 
 %&'2 
 
 )J 
 
 664 
 
 J> 
 
 561 
 
 J1 
 
 665 
 
 >> 
 
 666 
 
 )> 
 
 562 
 
 J> 
 
 667 
 
 )f 
 
 668 
 
 )> 
 
 669 
 
 >> 
 
 563 
 
 >> 
 
 564 
 
 >> 
 
 670 
 
 >> 
 
 671 
 
 >> 
 
 672 
 
 >J 
 
 565 
 
 >! 
 
 566 
 
 >> 
 
 673 
 
 )t 
 
 567 
 
 >> 
 
 674 
 
 >» 
 
 568 
 
 5J 
 
 675 
 
 J» 
 
 569 
 
 >» 
 
 676,677 
 
 )» 
 
 678 
 
 >> 
 
 679 
 
 J) 
 
 570 
 
 5> 
 
 571 
 
 » 
 
 680 
 
 110 
 110 
 
 no 
 no 
 no 
 
 129 
 
 no 
 no 
 
 129 
 129 
 129 
 110 
 129 
 130 
 130 
 130 
 110-11 
 130 
 130 
 130 
 130 
 131 
 111 
 131 
 131 
 111 
 131 
 131 
 131 
 111 
 111 
 132 
 132 
 132 
 111 
 111 
 132 
 111 
 132 
 112 
 132 
 112 
 133 
 133 
 133 
 112 
 112 
 133
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 311 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1068 
 
 32 
 
 J^ 
 
 Akbaral)a(l 
 
 Shah-Jahau 
 
 572 
 
 112 
 
 j> 
 
 „ 
 
 )) 
 
 Dau lata bad 
 
 ) J 
 
 573 
 
 113 
 
 }f 
 
 n 
 
 )) 
 
 Multaii 
 
 
 574 
 
 113 
 
 )> 
 
 3[2] 
 
 )) 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 J J 
 
 575 
 
 113 
 
 >j 
 
 32 
 
 ^l 
 
 Shahjahauabad 
 
 
 681 
 
 133 
 
 [ .. ] 
 
 )) 
 
 )» 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 > J 
 
 682 
 
 134 
 
 ^>- - V. 
 
 )) 
 
 >) 
 
 Daulatabad 
 
 97 
 
 683, 68^ 
 
 - 134 
 
 )> 
 
 )> 
 
 Surat 
 
 5J 
 
 685 
 
 134 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >} 
 
 )) 
 
 686 
 
 134 
 
 luda 
 
 — 
 
 )> 
 
 Akharabad 
 
 Shuja' 
 
 690 
 
 135 
 
 >> 
 
 1 
 
 )> 
 
 Jalunabad 1 
 
 jj 
 
 691 
 
 135 
 
 j> 
 
 )) 
 
 N 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Murad Bakhsh 
 
 692 
 
 136 
 
 »> 
 
 ?> 
 
 M 
 
 >) 
 
 )> 
 
 693-95 
 
 137 
 
 >> 
 
 n 
 
 }} 
 
 Surat 
 
 )> 
 
 696-99 
 
 137 
 
 ;) 
 
 3) 
 
 Cam bay 
 
 
 700 
 
 137 
 
 1069 
 
 32 
 
 >) 
 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 687 
 
 134 
 
 >> 
 
 — 
 
 iV^ 
 
 Sbahjahanabad 
 
 Anonymous 
 
 689 
 
 134 
 
 J) 
 
 1 
 
 yR 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 Aurangzi'b 
 
 726 
 
 143 
 
 j> 
 
 )> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 
 725 
 
 143 
 
 [ >, ] 
 1070 
 
 >> 
 
 n 
 
 >> 
 
 Kabul 
 Patnah 
 
 )f 
 
 727 
 728 
 
 144 
 144 
 
 „ (sic) 
 1071 
 
 3 
 
 
 Multan 
 Aurangabad 
 
 >> 
 
 729 
 730 
 
 144 
 145 
 
 j> 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 Surat 
 
 >) 
 
 731 
 
 145 
 
 j> 
 
 4 
 
 > J 
 
 
 )^ 
 
 732 
 
 145 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 „ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 99 
 
 733 
 
 145 
 
 )> 
 
 — 
 
 3> 
 
 Junabgarh 
 
 
 734 
 
 146 
 
 1072 
 
 5 
 
 i^ 
 
 Tattah 
 
 
 701 
 
 138 
 
 1073 
 
 — 
 
 y?l 
 
 Surat ? 
 
 
 735 
 
 146 
 
 5 
 
 5> 
 
 Multan 
 
 M 
 
 736 
 737 
 
 146 
 
 yj 
 
 >) 
 
 >» 
 
 
 99 
 
 146 
 
 1074 
 
 6 
 
 i^ 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 99 
 
 702 
 
 138 
 
 1075 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ji'inahgarh 
 
 99 
 
 738-39 
 
 147 
 
 8 
 
 ^ 
 
 Multan 
 
 99 
 
 703 
 
 139 
 
 1076 
 
 8 
 
 vR 
 
 Surat 
 
 5> 
 
 99 
 
 740 
 741 
 
 147 
 147 
 
 
 ■>> 
 
 >> 
 
 Multan 
 
 99 
 
 . 742 
 
 147 
 
 9 
 
 )) 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 
 99 
 
 742a 
 
 147 
 
 1077 
 
 ) ) 
 
 5? 
 
 Sbahjahanabad 
 
 99 
 
 743 
 
 147 
 
 )) 
 
 i\r 
 
 Multan 
 
 99 
 
 704 
 
 139 
 
 >> 
 
 !> 
 
 M 
 
 Surat 
 
 9) 
 
 744 
 
 148 
 
 j> 
 
 
 
 )» 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 
 745 
 
 148 
 
 1079 
 
 [1080] 
 
 1081 
 
 1082 
 
 (1076 sic) 
 
 11 
 
 ^ 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 99 
 
 705 
 
 139 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 14 
 
 >> 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 Si'irat 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 99 
 99 
 
 706 
 746 
 747 
 
 748 
 
 139 
 
 148 
 148 
 148 
 
 [1083] 
 
 15 
 
 >) I 
 
 >> 
 
 )) 
 
 749 
 
 149
 
 312 
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Years. 
 
 Regnal 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MIXT. 
 
 EMPEHOtt. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [1083] 
 
 16 
 
 ^ 
 
 Surat 
 
 Anrangzib 
 
 707 
 
 139 
 
 (107G sic) 
 
 ) J 
 
 .R 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 >j 
 
 751 
 
 149 
 
 [1084] 
 
 ») 
 
 >> 
 
 Surat 
 
 >> 
 
 750 
 
 149 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 750a 
 
 149 
 
 1085 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 Jiinaligaih 
 
 >> 
 
 752 
 
 149 
 
 1086 
 
 20 
 
 ^ 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 >> 
 
 708 
 
 139 
 
 1088 
 
 > J 
 
 M 
 
 Aurangjibad 
 
 » 
 
 753 
 
 149 
 
 1089 
 
 21 
 
 >> 
 
 Siirat 
 
 >> 
 
 754 
 
 149 
 
 (107G sic) 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 >> 
 
 755 
 
 149 
 
 1089 
 
 22 
 
 >> 
 
 
 >» 
 
 756 
 
 150 
 
 1090 
 
 — 
 
 >} 
 
 Ji'inahgarli 
 
 )> 
 
 757 
 
 150 
 
 )) 
 
 22 
 
 }} 
 
 Siirat 
 
 >> 
 
 758 
 
 150 
 
 99 
 
 23 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 759 
 
 150 
 
 If 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Patnah ? 
 
 )i 
 
 760 
 
 150 
 
 1091 
 
 ?> 
 
 » 
 
 Surat 
 
 >» 
 
 761 
 
 150 
 
 n 
 
 24 
 
 >> 
 
 >y 
 
 II 
 
 762 
 
 150 
 
 ft 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Bijapiir 
 
 II 
 
 763 
 
 150 
 
 f} 
 
 )} 
 
 i^ 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 II 
 
 709 
 
 140 
 
 1092 
 
 )> 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 II 
 
 764 
 
 151 
 
 
 1093 
 
 25 
 
 99 
 
 Siirat 
 
 II 
 
 765-66 
 
 151 
 
 [.. ] 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 
 M 
 
 767 
 
 151 
 
 
 1094 
 
 27 
 
 )> 
 
 Siirat 
 
 >l 
 
 768 
 
 151 
 
 1095 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 »> 
 
 II 
 
 769 
 
 151 
 
 1096 
 
 28 
 
 >> 
 
 [Jiinaligarh] 
 
 II 
 
 770 
 
 151 
 
 ff 
 
 29 
 
 ) y 
 
 Siirat 
 
 II 
 
 771 
 
 151 
 
 j> 
 
 — 
 
 5' 
 
 'Alamgfrpur 
 
 II 
 
 772 
 
 151 
 
 1097 
 
 29 
 
 iST 
 
 Ahmaduagar 
 
 >> 
 
 710 
 
 140 
 
 jf 
 
 )? 
 
 ^ 
 
 Surat 
 
 II 
 
 773 
 
 152 
 
 1098 
 
 30 
 
 l> 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 II 
 
 774 
 
 152 
 
 >J 
 
 }> 
 
 )> 
 
 Siirat 
 
 II 
 
 775 
 
 152 
 
 99 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 11 
 
 776 
 
 152 
 
 99 
 
 3? 
 
 jy 
 
 Na'-nol 
 
 II 
 
 777 
 
 152 
 
 99 
 
 31 
 
 J) 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 II 
 
 778 
 
 152 
 
 1099 
 
 )> 
 
 iS^ 
 
 Bijiipiir 
 
 11 
 
 711 
 
 140 
 
 I. ] 
 
 )» 
 
 J» 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 II 
 
 712 
 
 140 
 
 99 
 
 32 
 
 yll 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 II 
 
 779 
 
 152 
 
 )) 
 
 J) 
 
 >j 
 
 Siirat 
 
 II 
 
 779a 
 
 152 
 
 1100 
 
 )> 
 
 A^ 
 
 Sliahjahanabad 
 
 II 
 
 713 
 
 140 
 
 99 
 
 >j 
 
 yR 
 
 Siirat 
 
 ft 
 
 780 
 
 152 
 
 99 
 
 >» 
 
 ») 
 
 Zafarpur 
 
 11 
 
 781 
 
 153 
 
 [ M ] 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 Kabul 
 
 II 
 
 782 
 
 153 
 
 99 
 
 33 
 
 >> 
 
 Etawah 
 
 11 
 
 783 
 
 153 
 
 llul 
 
 34 
 
 ^ 
 
 Slialijahanabad 
 
 »1 
 
 714 
 
 140 
 
 1) 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siirat 
 
 I> 
 
 784 
 
 153 
 
 1102 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Cambay 
 
 11 
 
 785 
 
 153 
 
 j» 
 
 )» 
 
 >> 
 
 Narnol 
 
 II 
 
 786 
 
 153 
 
 >> 
 
 35 
 
 )> 
 
 Etawah 
 
 II 
 
 787 
 
 153
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 313 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1103 
 
 35 
 
 N 
 
 Cbinapatan 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 715 
 
 141 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 JJ 
 
 J J 
 
 788 
 
 154 
 
 >) 
 
 )> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 789 
 
 154 
 
 >j 
 
 )> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Surat 
 
 JJ 
 
 790 
 
 154 
 
 [ » ] 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Lucknow 
 
 JJ 
 
 791 
 
 154 
 
 1104 
 
 36 
 
 JJ 
 
 Eta wall 
 
 JJ 
 
 792, 792a 
 
 154 
 
 5> 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Lucknow 
 
 JJ 
 
 793 
 
 154 
 
 5) 
 
 ,, 
 
 JJ 
 
 Siirat 
 
 JJ 
 
 794 
 
 155 
 
 1105 
 
 37 
 
 JJ 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 JJ 
 
 795 
 
 155 
 
 )> 
 
 JJ 
 
 >j 
 
 Siirat 
 
 JJ 
 
 796,796a 
 
 155 
 
 j> 
 
 38 
 
 j> 
 
 Etawah 
 
 JJ 
 
 797 
 
 155 
 
 » 
 
 JJ 
 
 )> 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 JJ 
 
 798 
 
 155 
 
 >> 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Lahore 
 
 JJ 
 
 799 
 
 155 
 
 1106 
 
 JJ 
 
 N 
 
 Shalijahanabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 716 
 
 141 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 M 
 
 Etawah 
 
 JJ 
 
 800 
 
 156 
 
 )> 
 
 j> 
 
 JJ 
 
 Patnah 
 
 JJ 
 
 801 
 
 156 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 JJ 
 
 Lahore 
 
 j> 
 
 802 
 
 156 
 
 1107 
 
 39 
 
 JJ 
 
 Etawah 
 
 i) 
 
 803 
 
 156 
 
 »> 
 
 JJ 
 
 J J 
 
 Baraili 
 
 JJ 
 
 804 
 
 156 
 
 >> 
 
 40 
 
 JJ 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 JJ 
 
 806 
 
 156 
 
 )» 
 
 JJ 
 
 N 
 
 J J 
 
 JJ 
 
 717 
 
 141 
 
 >) 
 
 JJ 
 
 M 
 
 Baraili 
 
 JJ 
 
 807 
 
 156 
 
 )) 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Zafarabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 808 
 
 157 
 
 1108 
 
 I) 
 
 JJ 
 
 Ahmadnagar 
 
 JJ 
 
 809 
 
 157 
 
 >> 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Surat 
 
 J) 
 
 810 
 
 157 
 
 M 
 
 41 
 
 JJ 
 
 Etawah 
 
 j> 
 
 811 
 
 157 
 
 M 
 
 )» 
 
 " 
 
 K h u j i s tah - b u ny ad 
 
 JJ 
 
 812 
 
 157 
 
 J» 
 
 i> 
 
 j> 
 
 Ajaiir 
 
 JJ 
 
 813 
 
 157 
 
 >) 
 
 JJ 
 
 ij 
 
 Lahore 
 
 JJ 
 
 814 
 
 157 
 
 [. ] 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Cbinapatan 
 
 JJ 
 
 815 
 
 157 
 
 1109 
 
 JJ 
 
 N 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 718 
 
 141 
 
 M 
 
 4i 
 
 JJ 
 
 Khujistah-bunyad 
 
 JJ 
 
 719 
 
 141 
 
 )) 
 
 JJ 
 
 .R 
 
 Cam bay 
 
 J J 
 
 816 
 
 157 
 
 » 
 
 42 
 
 JJ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 817, 818 
 
 157 
 
 >) 
 
 H 
 
 JJ 
 
 Juoahgarh 
 
 JJ 
 
 819 
 
 158 
 
 1111 
 
 43 
 
 N 
 
 B urban pur 
 
 JJ 
 
 720 
 
 141 
 
 JJ 
 
 4[3] 
 
 JJ 
 
 [Chinajpatau 
 
 JJ 
 
 721 
 
 142 
 
 >> 
 
 43 
 
 M 
 
 Baraih' 
 
 JJ 
 
 820 
 
 158 
 
 »» 
 
 JJ 
 
 J J 
 
 Cauabay 
 
 JJ 
 
 821 
 
 15S 
 
 >) 
 
 44 
 
 JJ 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 JJ 
 
 822 
 
 158 
 
 1112 
 
 JJ 
 
 N- 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 JJ 
 
 722 
 
 142 
 
 )) 
 
 J J 
 
 A\ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 823 
 
 158 
 
 j> 
 
 45 
 
 JJ 
 
 Etawa 
 
 JJ 
 
 824 
 
 158 
 
 1113 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Biirhanpiir 
 
 J) 
 
 825 
 
 158 
 
 „ 
 
 JJ 
 
 JJ 
 
 Baraih' 
 
 JJ 
 
 826 
 
 158 
 
 1114 
 
 46 
 
 JJ 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 JJ 
 
 827 
 
 158 
 
 [»] 
 
 1 
 " 
 
 JJ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 i 
 
 328, 828a 
 
 159 
 
 " 1 
 
 47 
 
 )j 
 
 Etawah 
 
 JJ 
 
 829 
 
 159 
 
 s s
 
 314 
 
 IXDEX OF YEARS!. 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROE. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1114 
 
 47 
 
 JR 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 830 
 
 159 
 
 1115 
 
 J) 
 
 N 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 >> 
 
 723 
 
 142 
 
 J) 
 
 >) 
 
 M 
 
 Etawah 
 
 >> 
 
 831 
 
 159 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Siiiat 
 
 )> 
 
 832 
 
 159 
 
 'J 
 
 48 
 
 >> 
 
 Sliabjahanabad 
 
 >> 
 
 833 
 
 159 
 
 1116 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 u 
 
 834 
 
 159 
 
 jj 
 
 49 
 
 
 Etawa 
 
 >> 
 
 835 
 
 160 
 
 }} 
 
 )9 
 
 >> 
 
 Baraili 
 
 }) 
 
 836 
 
 160 
 
 jf 
 
 >} 
 
 J) 
 
 Surat 
 
 )> 
 
 837 
 
 160 
 
 1117 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 » 
 
 838 
 
 160 
 
 n 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Si'uat 
 
 )> 
 
 839 
 
 160 
 
 M 
 
 50 
 
 )> 
 
 Etawd 
 
 >) 
 
 841 
 
 160 
 
 1118 
 
 >> 
 
 ^ 
 
 }7 
 
 11 
 
 724 
 
 142 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 ^ 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 842 
 
 160 
 
 [ „ ] 
 
 51 
 
 M 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 >> 
 
 843 
 
 161 
 
 9} 
 
 II 
 
 »> 
 
 Sbabjahauab^d 
 
 >» 
 
 844 
 
 161 
 
 [ » ] 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Luckuow 
 
 >> 
 
 846 
 
 161 
 
 j> 
 
 i' 
 
 iV 
 
 Khujistah-bunydd 
 
 A'zam 
 
 847 
 
 162 
 
 >i 
 
 11 
 
 » 
 
 
 }> 
 
 848 
 
 162 
 
 1119 
 
 51 
 
 iR 
 
 Shahjahaiiabad 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 845 
 
 161 
 
 }> 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Burliaupur 
 
 A'zam 
 
 849 
 
 163 
 
 i> 
 
 M 
 
 .51 
 
 » 
 
 >» 
 
 851 
 
 163 
 
 )> 
 
 91 
 
 99 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 )» 
 
 850 
 
 163 
 
 J) 
 
 yy 
 
 99 
 
 A] rill r 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 866 
 
 171 
 
 ff 
 
 tt 
 
 99 
 
 SbahjabanabAd 
 
 M 
 
 867 
 
 171 
 
 1120 
 
 2 
 
 ^ 
 
 Haidarabiid 
 
 Kam Bakbsh 
 
 852 
 
 164 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 Bijiipur 
 
 >> 
 
 853 
 
 16.5 
 
 >t 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 Peshawar 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 854 
 
 160 
 
 tt 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 Kbiijistab-biinyad 
 
 >> 
 
 855 
 
 166 
 
 >> 
 
 »» 
 
 >> 
 
 Sbabjabanabad 
 
 >> 
 
 856 
 
 167 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 Burliaupur 
 
 ;> 
 
 857 
 
 167 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 >) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >> 
 
 858 
 
 168 
 
 
 >> 
 
 >» 
 
 
 » 
 
 8o9 
 
 168 
 
 >> 
 
 
 »> 
 
 >» 
 
 iU 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 >> 
 
 868 
 
 172 
 
 ;> 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 » 
 
 869-70 
 
 172 
 
 >i 
 
 J> 
 
 M 
 
 Lahoie 
 
 » 
 
 871 
 
 173 
 
 1121 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sholapur 
 
 »> 
 
 860 
 
 168 
 
 >> 
 
 3 
 
 yR 
 
 Sbahjahanabad 
 
 >» 
 
 872 
 
 173 
 
 >» 
 
 4 
 
 iV 
 
 Kbnjistah-buuyad 
 
 >> 
 
 861 
 
 169 
 
 >» 
 
 )> 
 
 ^ 
 
 Burhanpur 
 
 >» 
 
 873 
 
 173 
 
 ?> 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 Sho!a[)ur 
 
 >> 
 
 874 
 
 174 
 
 1122 
 
 
 A' 
 
 UjJHin^ 
 
 >> 
 
 862 
 
 169 
 
 1123 
 
 5 
 
 )> 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 j> 
 
 863 
 
 169 
 
 i> 
 
 »> 
 
 jj 
 
 Khujistah-bunj'dd 
 
 >> 
 
 864 
 
 170 
 
 >i 
 
 fi 
 
 yR 
 
 Surat 
 
 >> 
 
 876 
 
 174 
 
 1124 
 
 1 
 
 jV 
 
 Kbujistah-bunyad 
 
 Jahandar 
 
 877-78 
 
 175-6 
 
 >> 
 
 J5 
 
 >) 
 
 1 Siirat 
 
 J' 
 
 879 
 
 176 
 
 ?j 
 
 >> 
 
 ;» 
 
 1 Shahjabanabad 
 
 ») 
 
 880 
 
 176
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 315 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Regual 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEUOR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1124 
 
 1 
 
 JR 
 
 Shahjahanaltad 
 
 Jahanddr 
 
 885-86 
 
 178 
 
 3) 
 
 >> 
 
 33 
 
 [Akbarabad] 
 
 33 
 
 887 
 
 178 
 
 [»] 
 
 }f 
 
 N 
 
 33 
 
 » 
 
 881-83 
 
 177 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 889 
 
 178 
 
 jj 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 903 
 
 184 
 
 [,,] 
 
 )T 
 
 N 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 3) 
 
 890 
 
 179 
 
 1125 
 
 
 33 
 
 
 33 
 
 900 
 
 183 
 
 >> 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 Multan 
 
 33 
 
 904 
 
 184 
 
 >> 
 
 2 
 
 Jf 
 
 Katak 
 
 53 
 
 907-8 
 
 185 
 
 >> 
 
 5) 
 
 JJ 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 , 909 
 
 185 
 
 >j 
 
 3? 
 
 jy 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 910 
 
 185 
 
 
 j> 
 
 
 33 
 
 3? 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 33 
 
 905 
 
 184 
 
 
 j> 
 
 
 33 
 
 3> 
 
 Surat 
 
 33 
 
 906 
 
 185 
 
 
 >> 
 
 
 3) 
 
 J> 
 
 Multan 
 
 33 
 
 911 
 
 186 
 
 [1126] 
 
 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 Imtijazgarh 
 
 33 
 
 900a 
 
 183 
 
 yy 
 
 jj 
 
 M 
 
 Katak 
 
 33 
 
 914 
 
 186 
 
 [ .J 
 
 ;» 
 
 33 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 >» 
 
 912 
 
 186 
 
 }> 
 
 }f 
 
 33 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 33 
 
 913 
 
 186 
 
 1127 
 
 4 
 
 N 
 
 Shabjahauabad 
 
 33 
 
 891 
 
 179 
 
 ) J 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 3> 
 
 33 
 
 915-16 
 
 187 
 
 ?J 
 
 JJ 
 
 33 
 
 Surat 
 
 33 
 
 917 
 
 187 
 
 1128 
 
 5 
 
 iV^ 
 
 Guti 
 
 33 
 
 901 
 
 183 
 
 JJ 
 
 )) 
 
 S3 
 
 Gang pur 
 
 33 
 
 902 
 
 183 
 
 J J 
 
 33 
 
 M 
 
 Etawa 
 
 33 
 
 918 
 
 187 
 
 jj 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 33 
 
 919 
 
 187 
 
 J» 
 
 ft 
 
 )> 
 
 Chinapatan 
 
 33 
 
 920 
 
 187 
 
 [,.] 
 
 )3 
 
 33 
 
 Surat 
 
 S3 
 
 921 
 
 188 
 
 >) 
 
 J» 
 
 S3 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 922-23 
 
 188 
 
 1129 
 
 33 
 
 N 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 892 
 
 180 
 
 [.. ] 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Baraili 
 
 33 
 
 893 
 
 180 
 
 3 J 
 
 33 
 
 ^ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 33 
 
 924 
 
 188 
 
 JJ 
 
 33 
 
 31 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 925 
 
 188 
 
 >> 
 
 6 
 
 33 
 
 1} 
 
 )3 
 
 926 
 
 188 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 3) 
 
 927 
 
 188 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 928-29 
 
 189 
 
 [,.] 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 3 3 
 
 930-31 
 
 189 
 
 [.J 
 
 33 
 
 ^ 
 
 B urban pur 
 
 3> 
 
 894 
 
 181 
 
 1130 
 
 7 
 
 33 
 
 Patnah 
 
 33 
 
 895 
 
 181 
 
 J) 
 
 )) 
 
 33 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 896 
 
 181 
 
 )> 
 
 5) 
 
 33 
 
 Multan 
 
 31 
 
 897 
 
 182 
 
 [,.] 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Bijapiir 
 
 3> 
 
 898 
 
 182 
 
 j> 
 
 )3 
 
 JR 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 33 
 
 932 
 
 189 
 
 51 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Arkat 
 
 33 
 
 933 
 
 189 
 
 [v] 
 
 33 
 
 S3 
 
 Surat 
 
 33 
 
 934 
 
 190 
 
 JJ 
 
 >3 
 
 33 
 
 Multan 
 
 33 
 
 935 
 
 190 
 
 1131 
 
 8 
 
 N 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 899 
 
 182 
 
 » 1 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 937 
 
 191 
 
 
 >) 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 33 
 
 Mu'azzamabad 
 
 33 
 
 937a 
 
 191
 
 316 
 
 INDEX OF TEARS. 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR . 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1131 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 938-39 
 
 192 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 Sliahjahauabad 
 
 jf 
 
 940-41 
 
 192 
 
 >} 
 
 M 
 
 >j 
 
 Kuia 
 
 » 
 
 942 
 
 193 
 
 )i 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 tt 
 
 943 
 
 193 
 
 y) 
 
 >> 
 
 J) 
 
 Patuah ? 
 
 )t 
 
 944 
 
 193 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 ^ 
 
 Slialijahanabad 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 945 
 
 194 
 
 )> 
 
 
 
 j» 
 
 Kliujistali-bunyad 
 
 >> 
 
 946 
 
 194 
 
 >) 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 }7 
 
 947 
 
 195 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Baraili 
 
 >> 
 
 948 
 
 195 
 
 >j 
 
 
 » 
 
 Surat 
 
 >> 
 
 949 
 
 195 
 
 >i 
 
 1 
 
 >> 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 >> 
 
 9r)0 
 
 195 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Laliore 
 
 >) 
 
 951 
 
 196 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Murdhidabad 
 
 » 
 
 952 
 
 196 
 
 [»] 
 
 M 
 
 AT 
 
 Siirat 
 
 Niku-siyar 
 
 953 
 
 197 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 Munbai 
 
 ( East India 
 ( Company 
 
 App. 68- 
 70 
 
 |278 
 
 M 
 
 >» 
 
 N 
 
 Khnjistah-bunyad 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 958 
 
 199 
 
 1132 
 
 >> 
 
 ») 
 
 Sbalijaliatuibfid 
 
 Ihuihim 
 
 954-55 
 
 198 
 
 » 
 
 IJ 
 
 M 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 956-57 
 
 198 
 
 »^ 
 
 >> 
 
 Jy 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 978 
 
 204 
 
 [1133] 
 
 2 
 
 if 
 
 Siiiat 
 
 >> 
 
 979 
 
 204 
 
 [»] 
 
 >> 
 
 J J 
 
 Miirsliidaba>l 
 
 >f 
 
 980 
 
 204 
 
 1134 
 
 3 
 
 N 
 
 Sbabjabauabad 
 
 >t 
 
 959 
 
 199 
 
 r»] 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 Surat 
 
 11 
 
 981 
 
 205 
 
 [.] 
 
 4 
 
 >> 
 
 }} 
 
 11 
 
 982 
 
 205 
 
 j» 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Sbahjabanabad 
 
 11 
 
 983 
 
 205 
 
 1135 
 
 5 
 
 jy 
 
 j> 
 
 11 
 
 984 
 
 205 
 
 >.' 
 
 >> 
 
 jy 
 
 Akbaruapar Oudh 
 
 11 
 
 985 
 
 205 
 
 [1134] 
 
 6 
 
 >l 
 
 Akbarabad ? 
 
 11 
 
 986 
 
 206 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Surat 
 
 11 
 
 987 
 
 206 
 
 '.„] 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 Lab ore 
 
 11 
 
 988 
 
 206 
 
 1137 
 
 )> 
 
 ) J 
 
 Tattah 
 
 11 
 
 989 
 
 206 
 
 [„] 
 
 )» 
 
 >> 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 11 
 
 990 
 
 207 
 
 j> 
 
 7 
 
 >> 
 
 Sbabjabauabad 
 
 11 
 
 991 
 
 207 
 
 . » . 
 
 >) 
 
 A^ 
 
 >> 
 
 11 
 
 960 
 
 200 
 
 . »' . 
 
 >) 
 
 M 
 
 Munbai 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 72 
 
 278 
 
 » 
 
 >> 
 
 ft 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 992 
 
 208 
 
 1139 
 
 9 
 
 N 
 
 Etawa 
 
 
 961 
 
 200 
 
 j> 
 
 i) 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 
 993 
 
 208 
 
 1140 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 
 994 
 
 208 
 
 [»] 
 
 >j 
 
 >> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 
 995 
 
 208 
 
 [.] 
 
 >j 
 
 >> 
 
 Sliahjahauabad 
 
 
 996 
 
 208 
 
 [lUl] 
 
 10 
 
 jj 
 
 Akbiiialiad 
 
 
 997 
 
 209 
 
 [,.] 
 
 11 
 
 AT 
 
 Shalijahanabad 
 
 
 962-63 
 
 200 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kura 
 
 
 998 
 
 209 
 
 1142 
 
 )> 
 
 j> 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 
 999 
 
 209 
 
 >i 
 
 12 
 
 >i 
 
 )« 
 
 
 1000 
 
 209 
 
 1143 
 
 13 
 
 M 
 
 >) 
 
 
 1001 
 
 209
 
 IXDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 317 
 
 Year 
 A.H. 
 
 Resnal 
 Year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 [1143] 
 
 13 
 
 ^ 
 
 Etawa 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1002 
 
 209 
 
 )j 
 
 Lr 
 
 j> 
 
 Muubai 
 
 E. I C. 
 
 App. 71 
 
 278 
 
 [1144] 
 
 14 
 
 A^ 
 
 IShahjahanabad 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 964 
 
 200 
 
 [.] 
 
 j> 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lahore 
 
 3? 
 
 1003 
 
 210 
 
 114[5] 
 
 15 
 
 A^ 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 35 
 
 965 
 
 200 
 
 >> 
 
 J) 
 
 .^ 
 
 3J 
 
 33 
 
 1004 
 
 210 
 
 j> 
 
 >j 
 
 >5 
 
 Surat 
 
 33 
 
 1005 
 
 210 
 
 114[G] 
 
 10 
 
 A^ 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 966 
 
 200 
 
 [„] 
 
 V 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 )} 
 
 1006 
 
 210 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 5) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 1007 
 
 210 
 
 1147 
 
 17 
 
 iV^ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 33 
 
 967 
 
 200 
 
 >> 
 
 )> 
 
 yR 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 1008-10 
 
 210 
 
 1148 
 
 Lc 
 
 5) 
 
 Ajayur ? 
 
 33 
 
 1011 
 
 211 
 
 ;3 
 
 18 
 
 J) 
 
 Muubai 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 73 
 
 279 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 )J 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1012 
 
 211 
 
 [1149' 
 
 19 
 
 J) 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 1014 
 
 211 
 
 [.] 
 
 J) 
 
 V 
 
 Surat 
 
 }} 
 
 1013 
 
 211 
 
 [.] 
 
 )> 
 
 J> 
 
 Lahore 
 
 }) 
 
 1015 
 
 211 
 
 1150 
 
 19 
 
 J» 
 
 Islamabad 
 
 33 
 
 1016 
 
 212 
 
 )) 
 
 20 
 
 ^ 
 
 Etawfi 
 
 33 
 
 968 
 
 201 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 J» 
 
 Khujistah-bunyad 
 
 33 
 
 969 
 
 201 
 
 jj 
 
 jj 
 
 /R 
 
 Benares 
 
 33 
 
 1017 
 
 212 
 
 [„] 
 
 ."> 
 
 )) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 1018 
 
 212 
 
 1151 
 
 21 
 
 >j 
 
 Shahabad 
 
 33 
 
 1019 
 
 212 
 
 1152 
 
 22 
 
 A"- 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 970-71 
 
 201 
 
 >5 
 
 55 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 33 
 
 1020-21 
 
 212 
 
 >5 
 
 )5 
 
 }} 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 33 
 
 1022-23 
 
 212-13 
 
 1153 
 
 23 
 
 ^ 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 3) 
 
 972 
 
 201 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 
 >3 
 
 1024-25 
 
 213 
 
 1154 
 
 24 
 
 J5 
 
 » 
 
 J> 
 
 1026 
 
 213 
 
 ?> 
 
 >) 
 
 M 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 33 
 
 973 
 
 201 
 
 1155 
 
 25 
 
 M 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 1027-28 
 
 213 
 
 )j 
 
 j> 
 
 AT 
 
 Lahore 
 
 33 
 
 974 
 
 202 
 
 [>,] 
 
 jj 
 
 M 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 33 
 
 1029 
 
 213 
 
 [,,] 
 
 5J 
 
 5) 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 33 
 
 1030 
 
 214 
 
 1156 
 
 26 
 
 M 
 
 Etawa 
 
 33 
 
 1031 
 
 214 
 
 j> 
 
 )) 
 
 5) 
 
 Siwai-Jaipur 
 
 33 
 
 1032 
 
 214 
 
 1157 
 
 jj 
 
 A" 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 975 
 
 202 
 
 )> 
 
 )) 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 1033-34 
 
 214 
 
 [»] 
 
 27 
 
 >5 
 
 Baraili 
 
 33 
 
 1035 
 
 214 
 
 [1158] 
 
 28 
 
 >» 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 33 
 
 1036 
 
 215 
 
 1158 
 
 29 
 
 )) 
 
 Akbaral)ad 
 
 3 
 
 1037 
 
 215 
 
 1159 
 
 3J 
 
 5) 
 
 Shahjahauabad 
 
 33 
 
 1038 
 
 215 
 
 1161 
 
 
 
 A^ 
 
 Imtiyazgarh 
 
 3) 
 
 976-77 
 
 203 
 
 5> 
 
 1 
 
 J) 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 1039 
 
 216 
 
 >» 
 
 }) 
 
 ^ 
 
 j> 
 
 33 
 
 1046 
 
 218 
 
 >) 
 
 )) 
 
 >) 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 33 
 
 1045 
 
 218
 
 318 
 
 IXDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Rpgnal 
 Year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT, 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1161 
 
 1 
 
 M 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 1047 
 
 218 
 
 1162 
 
 2 
 
 N- 
 
 Benares 
 
 tj 
 
 1040 
 
 216 
 
 [m] 
 
 >> 
 
 Jt\ 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 jt 
 
 1048 
 
 218 
 
 j> 
 
 j> 
 
 >) 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 )f 
 
 1049 
 
 219 
 
 1164 
 
 3 
 
 >> 
 
 }j 
 
 f$ 
 
 1050 
 
 219 
 
 5> 
 
 4 
 
 >j 
 
 >f 
 
 f> 
 
 1051 
 
 219 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 jj 
 
 Benares 
 
 }f 
 
 1052 
 
 219 
 
 1165 
 
 5 
 
 5» 
 
 Sbalijahanabad 
 
 >» 
 
 1053-54 
 
 219 
 
 [»] 
 
 j> 
 
 ?? 
 
 Mursbidabad 
 
 >> 
 
 1055 
 
 219 
 
 1166 
 
 6 
 
 A^ 
 
 Shabjabauiibad 
 
 )) 
 
 1041-42 
 
 217 
 
 C»] 
 
 j> 
 
 m 
 
 j> 
 
 }f 
 
 1056 
 
 219 
 
 1167 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 Mnradabad 
 
 f> 
 
 1057 
 
 220 
 
 [.] 
 
 >» 
 
 )j 
 
 Mursbidabad 
 
 >» 
 
 1058 
 
 220 
 
 >} 
 
 
 X 
 
 Sbabjabaiiabad 
 
 >> 
 
 1043 
 
 217 
 
 [„] 
 
 1 
 
 „ 
 
 )j 
 
 'A'lamgir ii. 
 
 1059 
 
 221 
 
 [»] 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 }) 
 
 >> 
 
 1071 
 
 225 
 
 1068 
 
 ^^ 
 
 >> 
 
 Mursbidabad 
 
 j> 
 
 1072 
 
 225 
 
 5> 
 
 2 
 
 AT 
 
 Sbabjahanabad 
 
 )» 
 
 1060-61 
 
 221-22 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 JR 
 
 }) 
 
 )> 
 
 1073-74a 
 
 225 
 
 1169 
 
 >> 
 
 57 
 
 
 j» 
 
 1075 
 
 225 
 
 
 [»] 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 Arkat | 
 
 French East India 
 Company 
 
 |App.l27 
 
 288 
 
 [1170] 
 
 3 
 
 »> 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 'A'lamgir ii. 
 
 1076 
 
 226 
 
 ;> 
 
 — 
 
 A^ 
 
 Imtiyazgarb 
 
 yf 
 
 10(;8-70a 
 
 224 
 
 j> 
 
 4 
 
 >> 
 
 ISbiibjabaiiabad 
 
 79 
 
 1063-64 
 
 223 
 
 }f 
 
 )> 
 
 ^ 
 
 yj 
 
 J J 
 
 1079-80 
 
 226 
 
 [.] 
 
 >> 
 
 i\r 
 
 Indrapur 
 
 »> 
 
 1062 
 
 222 
 
 1171 
 
 >> 
 
 >j 
 
 FarrukliJibad 
 
 >) 
 
 1066 
 
 224 
 
 ^j 
 
 >> 
 
 /ll 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 )) 
 
 1077 
 
 226 
 
 1168 [„] 
 
 >> 
 
 >i 
 
 Indrapur 
 
 >» 
 
 1078 
 
 226 
 
 99 
 
 )> 
 
 >> 
 
 Mursbidabad 
 
 )» 
 
 1081 
 
 226 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 A^ 
 
 Labors 
 
 )» 
 
 1065 
 
 223 
 
 1172 
 
 )> 
 
 ^l 
 
 Sbabjabaiibad 
 
 >) 
 
 1082 
 
 22G 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 'Aziiuabad 
 
 M 
 
 1083 
 
 227 
 
 [»] 
 
 6 
 
 AT 
 
 Indrapur 
 
 )) 
 
 1067 
 
 224 
 
 JJ 
 
 >> 
 
 y^l 
 
 Farrukbabad 
 
 M 
 
 1084 
 
 227 
 
 J> 
 
 )> 
 
 j> 
 
 Labore 
 
 >> 
 
 1085 
 
 227 
 
 [>»] 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 Mursbidabad 
 
 )> 
 
 1085a 
 
 227 
 
 jj 
 
 )> 
 
 AT 
 
 Arkat 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 109-10 
 
 285 
 
 5) 
 
 )> 
 
 JR 
 
 }> 
 
 >) 
 
 „ 111-126 
 
 286-87 
 
 1173 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Islamabad 
 
 Shah-Jahan iii. 
 
 1086 
 
 228 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 5) 
 
 Farrukbabad 
 
 )> 
 
 1087 
 
 228 
 
 >> 
 
 >) 
 
 ^ 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 1088 
 
 229 
 
 j> 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 Abmadabad 
 
 )) 
 
 1089 
 
 229 
 
 J5 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 Indrapur 
 
 M 
 
 1090 
 
 229 
 
 1174 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 SbabjabanAbad 
 
 >» 
 
 1091 
 
 230 
 
 » 
 
 j> 
 
 J> 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 » 
 
 1092 
 
 230
 
 IXDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 319 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 year 
 
 [1174] 
 
 1175 
 1176 
 
 [1 177" 
 [1178" 
 
 [»] 
 [.,] 
 1179 
 
 [„] 
 
 [„] 
 
 [1180] 
 
 j> 
 1181 
 
 [»] 
 
 118[2] 
 
 1182 
 
 1183 
 
 1184 
 
 1185 
 
 1186 
 
 1187 
 [»] 
 
 1188 
 
 [»] 
 1189 
 
 Metal. 
 
 7 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 >> 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 12 
 13 
 12 
 
 12 
 13 
 15 
 
 11 
 9 
 13 
 16 
 17 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 Mint. 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 Srinagar 
 
 Luckuow 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Srinagar 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 Surat 
 
 >> 
 'Azimabad 
 
 Ark at 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Surat 
 
 Arkat 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Munbai 
 
 'AzimabM 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Benares 
 
 Jahangiruagar 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Arkat 
 Murshidabad 
 
 EMPKRORS. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Shah-'Alam * 
 
 * A large nu 
 
 Dilshadabad 
 Najibabad 
 Benares 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 Munbai 
 
 Arkat 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Benares 
 
 mbcr of the coins with Shah 
 the East India Company, pre 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 Shah-"Alam 
 
 French'E. I. C. 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 E. 1. C. 
 
 Sh^h-'Alam 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 E. 1. C. 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 E. I., C. 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 E. 1. C. 
 
 French's. I. C. 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1158 
 
 1184 
 
 1105 
 
 1159 
 
 1166 
 
 1168 
 
 1186 
 
 1128 
 
 1093 
 App. 67 
 
 1160 
 1161-62 
 
 1169 
 App. 128 
 
 1172 
 
 1163 
 App. 129 
 
 1187 
 
 1188 
 
 1185 
 
 1196 
 App. 75, 76 
 
 1167 
 App. 1, 2 
 App. 5-7 
 App. 3, 4 
 
 1133 
 1157 
 
 App. 9 
 
 „ 8 
 
 „ 10,11 
 
 1189 
 
 App. 130 
 
 „ 15 
 
 „ 16 
 
 1190-91 
 
 1155 
 
 1199 
 
 1134 
 
 App. 17 
 
 1197 
 
 1173 
 
 App. 150-3 
 
 „ 77 
 
 „ 131 
 
 1121 
 
 1174 
 
 1135 
 
 248 
 
 255 
 
 235 
 
 248 
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
 254 
 
 240 
 
 231 
 
 277 
 
 249 
 
 249 
 
 250 
 
 288 
 
 252 
 
 249 
 
 288 
 
 255 
 
 255 
 
 254 
 
 256 
 
 279 
 
 250 
 
 267 
 
 268 
 
 268 
 
 242 
 
 247 
 
 269 
 
 269 
 
 269 
 
 255 
 
 288 
 
 270 
 
 270 
 
 255 
 
 246 
 
 257 
 
 242 
 
 270 
 
 256 
 
 252 
 
 291 
 
 280 
 
 288 
 
 238 
 
 252 
 
 242 
 
 Alam's name, chiefly those is.sued by 
 sent fictitious dates.
 
 320 
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Year 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 119[0] 
 
 16 ? 
 
 M 
 
 Arkat 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1122 
 
 239 
 
 [»] 
 
 18 
 
 }} 
 
 Beuares 
 
 j> 
 
 1136 
 
 242 
 
 119a; 
 
 14 
 
 N 
 
 Bahadurpatan 
 
 )> 
 
 1153 
 
 245 
 
 1191 
 
 18 
 
 Ai 
 
 Arkat 
 
 J9 
 
 1123 
 
 239 
 
 >> 
 
 16 
 
 )} 
 
 If 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 132 
 
 288 
 
 [„1 
 
 18 
 
 )} 
 
 Etawa 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1117 
 
 237 
 
 1192 
 
 17 
 
 )} 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 133 
 
 288 
 
 [»] 
 
 19 
 
 >) 
 
 Beuares 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1137 
 
 242 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 n 
 
 1175 
 
 252 
 
 [.] 
 
 J> 
 
 >5 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 1) 
 
 1192, 1198 
 
 256 
 
 1194 
 
 21 
 
 N 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 }} 
 
 1170 
 
 251 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 Al 
 
 Masulipataa 
 
 E. I.,C. 
 
 App. 145 
 
 290 
 
 >> 
 
 22 
 
 )i 
 
 Etawa 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1118 
 
 237 
 
 [»] 
 
 >> 
 
 j> 
 
 Surat 
 
 >> 
 
 1164 
 
 250 
 
 1195 
 
 21 
 
 u 
 
 Farrukhfibad 
 
 )i 
 
 1176 
 
 252 
 
 »j 
 
 22 
 
 }j 
 
 Najibabad 
 
 11 
 
 1200 
 
 257 
 
 >i 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 154-63 
 
 292 
 
 [.] 
 
 23 
 
 M. 
 
 Etawa 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1119 
 
 237 
 
 1196 
 
 >> 
 
 11 
 
 Benares 
 
 1) 
 
 1138-41 
 
 243 
 
 )» 
 
 >> 
 
 N 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 11 
 
 1171 
 
 251 
 
 >» 
 
 ^^ 
 
 M 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 1177 
 
 252 
 
 >> 
 
 19 
 
 N 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 18 
 
 270 
 
 1197 
 
 >» 
 
 11 
 
 1) 
 
 ", 
 
 „ 19 
 
 270 
 
 >> 
 
 20 
 
 11 
 
 Bahadurpatan 
 
 Shah-Alam 
 
 1154 
 
 245 
 
 )> 
 
 21 
 
 M 
 
 Masulipataii 
 
 E. I.e. 
 
 App. 146 
 
 290 
 
 1198 
 
 25 
 
 11 
 
 Shahjahan{il)ad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1096 
 
 233 
 
 [»] 
 
 >> 
 
 11 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 11 
 
 1194 
 
 256 
 
 >> 
 
 26 
 
 11 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 >> 
 
 1129 
 
 240 
 
 )> 
 
 »> 
 
 >• 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 28 
 
 271 
 
 >> 
 
 19 
 
 N 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 „ 20 
 
 270 
 
 >> 
 
 22 
 
 M 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 „ 134 
 
 289 
 
 )> 
 
 32 
 
 11 
 
 }} 
 
 11 >i 
 
 „ 141 
 
 289 
 
 >> 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 E. I.,C. 
 
 „ 147 
 
 290 
 
 1199 
 
 26 
 
 i> 
 
 Shahjahauabad 
 
 Shah-Alam 
 
 1097 
 
 233 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 11 
 
 Najibabjid 
 
 »> 
 
 1201 
 
 257 
 
 >> 
 
 27 
 
 }} 
 
 Farrukliabad 
 
 )> 
 
 1178 
 
 252 
 
 >> 
 
 24 
 
 >) 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 135 
 
 289 
 
 [1200] 
 
 27 
 
 11 
 
 )i 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1124 
 
 239 
 
 >> 
 
 >j 
 
 JE 
 
 >> 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 184 
 
 296 
 
 ij 
 
 25 
 
 JR 
 
 •I 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 „ 136-7 
 
 289 
 
 1201 
 
 28 
 
 ti 
 
 )} 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1125 
 
 239 
 
 [,,?] 
 
 >> 
 
 }i 
 
 11 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 138 
 
 289 
 
 L»] 
 
 >) 
 
 11 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 Sbah-'Alam 
 
 1195 
 
 256 
 
 )> 
 
 19 
 
 N 
 
 J) 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 21 
 
 270 
 
 1202 
 
 30 
 
 M 
 
 Shahjahabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1098 
 
 233 
 
 5J 
 
 19 
 
 N 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 E. I. C. 1 
 
 4pp. 22, 23, 
 
 )270- 
 )272 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25, 29-32 
 
 J> 
 
 j> ' 
 
 M 
 
 » 
 
 » 
 
 App. 35, 36 I 
 
 272
 
 IiVDjFx of years. 
 
 321 
 
 Year. 
 
 Regnal 
 
 Metal. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 xo. 
 
 Page. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 year 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1202 
 
 1 
 
 N- 
 
 Shahjahaaabad 
 
 Bidar-Bakbt 
 
 1206 
 
 259 
 
 5> 
 
 >> 
 
 JR 
 
 » 
 
 > > 
 
 1209 
 
 259 
 
 1203 
 
 ^> 
 
 .¥ 
 
 )> 
 
 '^ / 
 
 1207-8 
 
 259 
 
 5^ 
 
 30 
 
 M 
 
 Be Dares 
 
 Sh^h-'Alam 
 
 1143-41 
 
 243 
 
 if 
 
 29 
 
 J) 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 139 
 
 289 
 
 [,, ?] 
 
 30 
 
 j> 
 
 )» 
 
 )> 
 
 ,j HO 
 
 289 
 
 >» 
 
 19 
 
 N 
 
 Marshidabad 
 
 E. I. C. i 
 
 App. 24, 26- 
 27 
 
 |271 
 
 1204 
 
 jj 
 
 }) 
 
 J5 
 
 " { 
 
 „ 33-34, 
 43 
 
 )272- 
 )73 
 
 )^ 
 
 >> 
 
 JR 
 
 5) 
 
 " » 
 
 „ 41-42 
 
 272 
 
 [.J 
 
 31 
 
 JJ 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1179 
 
 252 
 
 ?> 
 
 45 
 
 JJ 
 
 >> 
 
 E. I.,C. 
 
 App. 51 
 
 275 
 
 1205 
 
 32 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sliahjabanabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1094 
 
 232 
 
 [>'] 
 
 )j 
 
 M 
 
 Sural 
 
 JJ 
 
 1165 
 
 249 
 
 1206 
 
 34 
 
 M 
 
 Shalijahaoabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 1095 
 
 232 
 
 1207 
 
 35 
 
 M 
 
 Benares 
 
 51 
 
 1145-46 
 
 243 
 
 )j 
 
 32 
 
 )» 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 143 
 
 289 
 
 1208 
 
 [3]5 
 
 M 
 
 )j 
 
 E. L,C. 
 
 ,j 186 
 
 296 
 
 1209 
 
 37 
 
 ^ 
 
 Benares 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1142 
 
 243 
 
 — 
 
 )) 
 
 M 
 
 — 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 164-75 
 
 293-1 
 
 1210 
 
 36 
 
 yR 
 
 JSTajibabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1202 
 
 257 
 
 1212 
 
 26 
 
 )) 
 
 Benares 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 57 
 
 276 
 
 )> 
 
 39 
 
 >> 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 JJ 
 
 , 148 
 
 290 
 
 1213 
 
 6 
 
 1? 
 
 Arkat 
 
 JJ 
 
 „ 104 
 
 284 
 
 1214 
 
 )) 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 JJ 
 
 „ 106 
 
 ,j 101-5, 
 
 284 
 
 ^284 
 
 
 " 
 
 n 
 
 )» 
 
 I 
 
 107-8 
 
 1214 
 
 26 
 
 N 
 
 Benares 
 
 JJ 
 
 „ 55 
 
 276 
 
 J J 
 
 39 
 
 JR 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 " f 
 
 J, 149 
 
 290 
 
 5 J 
 
 41 
 
 >> 
 
 Najibabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1203 
 
 257 
 
 1215 
 
 
 ') 
 
 — 
 
 Akbar (posth.) 
 
 252c.e 
 
 47 
 
 )} 
 
 42 
 
 M 
 
 Najibabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1204 
 
 257 
 
 jj 
 
 26 
 
 n 
 
 Benares 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 58 
 
 276 
 
 3J 
 
 46 
 
 )) 
 
 Siirat 
 
 JJ , 
 
 „ 96-100 
 
 282 
 
 1216 
 
 39 
 
 ) ) 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1180 
 
 253 
 
 1217 
 
 95 
 
 )) 
 
 » 
 
 JJ 
 
 1181 
 
 253 
 
 >) 
 
 45 
 
 )> 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 )j 
 
 1106 
 
 235 
 
 1218 
 
 5» 
 
 )> 
 
 5> 
 
 )j 
 
 1107 
 
 235 
 
 5 J 
 
 39 
 
 )j 
 
 Farrukbabad 
 
 J) 
 
 1182-83 
 
 253 
 
 )j 
 
 45 
 
 )» 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 1130 
 
 240 
 
 J) 
 
 46 
 
 iNT 
 
 Sbalijahanabad 
 
 JJ 
 
 1104 
 
 285 
 
 )> 
 
 " 
 
 M 
 
 »j 
 
 " { 
 
 1099-1102,) 
 1108-9 j 
 
 234-5 
 
 JJ 
 
 43 
 
 )j 
 
 Arkat 
 
 French E. I, C. 
 
 App. 144 
 
 289 
 
 
 45 
 
 3? 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 „ 50-53 
 
 274-5 
 
 
 
 J J 
 
 )J 
 
 Mumbai-Stirat 
 
 )) 
 
 J, 80 
 
 280 
 
 
 
 >) 
 
 Jl 
 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 „ 176-80 
 
 294 
 
 T T
 
 322 
 
 INDEX OF YEARS. 
 
 Year. 
 A.H. 
 
 Regnal 
 year. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 1219 
 
 1220 
 
 1:121 
 1222 
 
 1223 
 1224 
 
 1225 
 
 [1226] 
 
 >> 
 1227 
 1228 
 1229 
 
 1231 
 1233 
 1235 
 1257 
 
 1258 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 }i 
 26 
 48 
 49 
 
 49 
 26 
 3 
 
 ?j 
 49 
 
 » 
 6 
 26 
 
 )) 
 49 
 26 
 49 
 26 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 JR 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 MINT. 
 
 EMPEEOR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 
 Sdrat 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 82-93.87-93 
 
 281-2 
 
 3J 
 
 " / 
 
 „ 85-86, 91-95 
 
 282-3 
 
 Sliabjahanabad 
 
 Sbab-'Alam 
 
 1103 
 
 234 
 
 5> 
 
 >> 
 
 1110 
 
 286 
 
 f) 
 
 >> 
 
 1112 
 
 236 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 jj 
 
 1131 
 
 241 
 
 >j 
 
 jj 
 
 1132 
 
 241 
 
 Sbabjabanahad 
 
 >^ 
 
 1113 
 
 236 
 
 j» 
 
 ) > 
 
 1114-15 
 
 236 
 
 >> 
 
 JJ 
 
 1111 
 
 236 
 
 Benares 
 
 E. 1. C. 
 
 App. 59 
 
 276 
 
 >; 
 
 1 " 
 
 ,, 181, 183 
 
 295 
 
 Sbalijahanabad 
 
 Shah-' A lam 
 
 1116-17 
 
 236 
 
 Arkat 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 186-87 
 
 296 
 
 Sbabjahanabad 
 
 Miib. Akbar il. 
 
 1210 
 
 260 
 
 )> 
 
 " > 
 
 1211 
 
 260 
 
 Benares 
 
 Sbah-'Alam 
 
 1150 
 
 244 
 
 >> 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 60 
 
 276 
 
 Shabjalisinabad 
 
 Mull. Akbar ii. 
 
 1212 
 
 260 
 
 >j 
 
 " / 
 
 1213 
 
 260 
 
 Benares 
 
 Sbtib-'Alam 
 
 1151 
 
 244 
 
 )j 
 
 55 
 
 1152 
 
 244 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 Mull. Akbar ii. 
 
 1214 
 
 260 
 
 Benares 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 App. 61 
 
 276 
 
 >' 
 
 )j 
 
 „ 62 
 
 276 
 
 )) 
 
 1 " 
 
 J, 182 
 
 295 
 
 » 
 
 1 JJ 
 
 „ 63 
 
 276 
 
 >) 
 
 J) 
 
 „ 66 
 
 277 
 
 ») 
 
 1 " 
 
 „ 64 
 
 276 
 
 5> 
 
 ' )j 
 
 „ 65 
 
 276 
 
 » 
 
 " 
 
 „ 56 
 
 276 
 
 Sbabjahanabad 
 
 Bahadur II. 
 
 1217 
 
 261 
 
 )> 
 
 JJ 
 
 1218 
 
 261 
 
 ANN! DOMINI 
 
 A.D. 1 A.H. MINT. COMPANY, NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1784 
 1802 
 1S25 
 
 1198 
 
 Murshidabiid 
 Surat 
 J' 
 
 E. I. C. 
 
 J) 
 
 App. 28 
 ,j 81 
 „ 85-6 
 
 271 
 281 
 282
 
 II.— INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 ^*^ The Mints are arranged in the order of the Arabic alphabet. For those 
 who are unaccustomed to this, the following index to the mints, arranged in 
 the ordinary English alphabetical order, is prefixed. 
 
 Adoni 
 
 
 331 
 
 Dilshadabad 
 
 337 
 
 Mandii . 
 
 
 351 
 
 Agrah . 
 
 . 
 
 320 
 
 Dogam 
 
 337 
 
 Masulipatan 
 
 , 
 
 349 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 
 325 
 
 Etawa 
 
 324 
 
 Mu'azzamabad. 
 
 
 350 
 
 Ahmadnagar 
 
 326 
 
 ,314 
 
 Farrukhabad . . 
 
 344 
 
 Muhammad abad 
 
 
 349 
 
 Ajiijur ? . 
 
 
 324 
 
 Fathpiir . 
 
 343 
 
 Mumbai-Siirat . 
 
 
 351 
 
 Ajmi'r 
 
 
 324 
 
 Gangpiir . . . 
 
 346 
 
 Munbai 
 
 . 
 
 351 
 
 Akbarabad . 
 
 327, 
 
 331 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 346 
 
 Muradal)ad 
 
 
 349 
 
 A k barn agar 
 
 
 329 
 
 Guti .... 
 
 347 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 . 
 
 350 
 
 A'lamgirpur 
 
 
 343 
 
 Gwalior . 
 
 346 
 
 Multan . 
 
 
 351 
 
 Allahabad 
 
 
 331 
 
 Haidarabad . . . 
 
 337 
 
 Najibabad . 
 
 . 
 
 352 
 
 Arkat {Arcot) 
 
 . 
 
 326 
 
 Ilahabad . 
 
 331 
 
 !N'arn61 . 
 
 
 351 
 
 Asirgarh 
 
 . 
 
 327 
 
 Imtiyazgarh (Adoni) 
 
 331 
 
 Nasratabad 
 
 . 
 
 352 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 
 332 
 
 Indrapur {Indore) . 
 
 331 
 
 Oudh 
 
 329 
 
 , 331 
 
 A'zamiiagar 
 
 . 
 
 327 
 
 Islamabad (Chitta- 
 
 
 Patnah 
 
 334 
 
 ,343 
 
 'Aziuiabud . 
 
 335 
 
 343 
 
 gong) . . . 
 
 327 
 
 Peshawar 
 
 
 325 
 
 Bahadurpatan 
 
 , 
 
 333 
 
 Jabangirnagar 
 
 336 
 
 Bdjmahall . 
 
 • . 
 
 329 
 
 Bainitah . 
 
 
 334 
 
 Jaipur 
 
 336 
 
 Sarangpur 
 
 
 338 
 
 Baraili 
 
 
 333 
 
 Jalaonabad ? . 
 
 335 
 
 Shahabad . 
 
 . . 
 
 339 
 
 Bhakar , 
 
 
 334 
 
 Jaunpiir . . . 
 
 336 
 
 Sbahjahanabad 
 
 337 
 
 , 340 
 
 Benares 
 
 . 
 
 333 
 
 Jiinahgarh 
 
 336 
 
 Sholapiir 
 
 
 343 
 
 Bijapur . 
 
 
 334 
 
 Kabul. . . . 
 
 345 
 
 Sikri . 
 
 . • 
 
 344 
 
 Bombay 
 
 , 
 
 351 
 
 Kan bay at 
 
 346 
 
 Sirhind . 
 
 
 338 
 
 B urban piir 
 
 . 
 
 332 
 
 Kandahar . 
 
 344 
 
 Sitapiir 
 
 335mj 
 
 340 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 . 
 
 346 
 
 Karrah (errata) 
 
 345 
 
 Siwai-Jaipiir . 
 
 
 336 
 
 Cambay . 
 
 . 
 
 346 
 
 Kashmir 
 
 346 
 
 Srinagar 
 
 • . 
 
 338 
 
 Cashmere . 
 
 
 346 
 
 Katak 
 
 345 
 
 Surat 
 
 339, 
 
 351 
 
 Champauir 
 
 
 336 
 
 Khujistah-bunyad 332,337 
 
 Tattah 
 
 • . 
 
 335 
 
 Chiuapatan (. 
 
 Ma- 
 
 
 Kiira (Korah) . . 
 
 347 
 
 Udaipiir . 
 
 
 326 
 
 dras) 
 
 . 
 
 337 
 
 Lahore . 
 
 347 
 
 Ujjain 
 
 . . 
 
 331 
 
 Chittaijcyng 
 
 , 
 
 327 
 
 LucknoAV . . . 
 
 340 
 
 Urdu . 
 
 
 326 
 
 Daulatabad(Z)eo(7zV) 
 
 328 
 
 Machhlipatan . 
 
 349 
 
 Urdu-Zafar-Kar 
 
 n . 
 
 326 
 
 Dehli . 
 
 337, 
 
 340 
 
 Madras . . . 
 
 336 
 
 Zafarabad 
 
 
 343 
 
 Dhdidd 
 
 
 336 
 
 Mai pur . 
 
 349 
 
 Zafarpur 
 
 • • 
 
 343
 
 324 
 
 INDEX OF HINTS. 
 
 i\ 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Etawa (Etawah) 
 
 Ajdyur ? 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 Metal. 
 
 .R 
 
 AT 
 M 
 iV 
 M 
 
 AT 
 
 Al 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 KO. 
 
 1100 
 1102 
 1104 
 
 3105 
 1106 
 1107 
 1108 
 1112 
 1114 
 1115 
 1116 
 1117 
 1118 
 
 >) 
 1128 
 1139 
 
 j> 
 1140 
 11[43] 
 1150 
 1156 
 [1190] 
 1194 
 
 1148 
 
 N 
 
 1023 
 
 l> 
 
 1025 
 
 M 
 
 }i 
 
 >> 
 
 1105 
 
 >j 
 
 1108 
 
 >> 
 
 1114 
 
 t) 
 
 1119 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 Muhammad 
 
 Shall- 'Alam 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 783 
 787 
 792,792a 
 797 
 800 
 803 • 
 811 
 824 
 829 
 831 
 835 
 841 
 842 
 724 
 918 
 961 
 993 
 994 
 1002 
 968 
 1031 
 1118 
 1119-20 
 
 1011 
 
 153 
 153 
 154 
 155 
 156 
 156 
 157 
 158 
 159 
 159 
 160 
 160 
 160 
 142 
 187 
 200 
 208 
 208 
 209 
 201 
 214 
 237 
 237 
 
 318-21 
 
 64 
 
 302 
 
 60 
 
 460 
 
 89 
 
 798 
 
 155 
 
 813 
 
 157 
 
 827 
 
 158 
 
 866 
 
 171 
 
 210 
 
 * The name is spelt both ■ways.
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 325 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 iUlj^l^l 
 
 N 
 
 980 
 
 Akbar 
 
 48 
 
 15 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 >> 
 
 982 
 
 j> 
 
 55, 56 
 
 17 
 
 
 .11 
 
 }) 
 
 t> 
 
 105, 106 
 
 26 
 
 
 JE 
 
 }} 
 
 )j 
 
 261 
 
 50 
 
 
 N' 
 
 983 
 
 }) 
 
 57 
 
 17 
 
 
 Al 
 
 )> 
 
 }> 
 
 111 
 
 26 
 
 
 }> 
 
 987 
 
 }) 
 
 127 
 
 28 
 
 
 JE 
 
 98^; 
 
 J} 
 
 269 
 
 51 
 
 
 M 
 
 [993] 
 
 }? 
 
 178-79 
 
 85 
 
 
 }} 
 
 [1000] 
 
 ?) 
 
 191 
 
 36 
 
 
 >} 
 
 '1001] 
 
 >> 
 
 192-93 
 
 36 
 
 
 }} 
 
 [1004] 
 
 n 
 
 203 
 
 38 
 
 
 jy 
 
 [1005] 
 
 }> 
 
 206-8 
 
 39 
 
 
 }} 
 
 [1007] 
 
 jj 
 
 219 
 
 40 
 
 
 )> 
 
 [1009] 
 
 5J 
 
 229 
 
 42 
 
 
 }} 
 
 [1010] 
 
 ») 
 
 235-36 
 
 43 
 
 
 5> 
 
 — 
 
 Salim (Jahangir) 
 
 288-89 
 
 56 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1015 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 411 
 
 80 
 
 
 >> 
 
 3 016 
 
 j> 
 
 417 
 
 81 
 
 
 5J 
 
 1018 
 
 )> 
 
 425 
 
 83 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1025 
 
 jj 
 
 461 
 
 89 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1026 
 
 7) 
 
 466 
 
 90 
 
 
 
 1027 
 
 1 
 
 361-65, 368-74, 
 
 72-74 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 
 ( 
 
 385, 475 
 
 76,92 
 
 
 N 
 
 1028 
 
 J> 
 
 306 
 
 61 
 
 
 M 
 
 It 
 
 if 
 
 478 
 
 93 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1029 
 
 )> 
 
 307 
 
 61 
 
 
 JR 
 
 )) 
 
 >> 
 
 483-84 
 
 93-4 
 
 
 >) 
 
 1031 
 
 )> 
 
 492-93 
 
 95 
 
 
 }j 
 
 1034 
 
 C Jahangir and ") 
 [ Niir-Jahau j 
 
 515 
 
 100 
 
 
 )> 
 
 [1035] 
 
 Jahan<iir 
 
 503 
 
 97 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1037 
 
 1 Jahangir and ") 
 ( Nur-Jahaa ) 
 
 522 
 
 101 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 — 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 357 
 
 71 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1038 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 528-29 
 
 104 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1040 
 
 >> 
 
 532 
 
 105 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1044 
 
 M 
 
 631 
 
 125 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1045 
 
 >> 
 
 544 
 
 109 
 
 
 iR 
 
 [1068] 
 
 >> 
 
 682 
 
 134 
 
 
 JJ' 
 
 1068 
 
 Murad Bakhsh 
 
 692 
 
 136 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 693-95 
 
 137 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1119 
 
 A'zam 
 
 850 
 
 163 
 
 
 ^) 
 
 1173 
 
 Shah-Jalian iii. 
 
 1089 
 
 229 
 
 
 '> 
 
 [1188] 
 
 Sliah-'Alam 
 
 1121 
 
 238 
 
 
 N- 
 
 1203 
 
 Bidar-Bakht 
 
 1207-8 
 
 259
 
 326 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 TEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 j.s::jc«.a.! 
 
 N 
 
 1097 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 710 
 
 140 
 
 A h in ad n agar 
 
 /R 
 
 1108 
 
 55 
 
 809 
 
 157 
 
 
 
 See 
 
 ^\o\^jS Farrukhabad 
 
 
 Ahmad iiagar 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j^si^l 
 
 ^ 
 
 984 
 
 Akbar 
 
 63 
 
 17 
 
 ^Lt j^«.=h^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Udaipur 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Muhammad abad 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3>j' 
 
 M 
 
 987 
 
 )> 
 
 128 
 
 29 
 
 Urdu 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oj>5 >aJ9 3ijl 
 
 N 
 
 1000 
 
 55 
 
 73-82 
 
 20 
 
 Urdu-Zafar-Kai ia 
 
 M 
 
 )) 
 
 55 
 
 151-159 
 
 31 
 
 
 M 
 
 J5 
 
 55 
 
 273 
 
 52 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 ^5 
 
 160 
 
 31 
 
 Ol£3jt 
 
 M 
 
 1130 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 933 
 
 189 
 
 Arkat 
 
 N 
 
 1172 
 
 East India Compy 
 
 A pp. 109-10 
 
 285 
 
 {Arcot) 
 
 JR 
 
 5^ 
 
 5) )) 
 
 „ 111-26 
 
 286-7 
 
 
 )) 
 
 [5 ] 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 „ 127 
 
 288 
 
 
 >> 
 
 5) 
 
 [1180] 
 
 [1181] 
 
 1185 
 
 
 ,5 128 
 „ 129 
 „ 130 
 
 288 
 288 
 288 
 
 
 )} 
 
 1188 
 
 ^^ , yy 
 
 5, 131 
 
 288 
 
 
 55 
 
 1191 
 
 Sbah-'Alam 
 
 1123 
 
 239 
 
 
 J5 
 
 1191 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 A pp. 132 
 
 288 
 
 
 55 
 55 
 
 1192 
 1197 
 1198 
 
 yy ^5 
 
 5J JJ 
 
 jj 55 
 
 ., 133 
 
 y, 134 
 
 „ 1-11-2 
 
 288 
 289 
 289 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1199 
 
 ;5 iy 
 
 „ 135 
 
 289
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 827 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Ol^jt 
 
 ^l 
 
 119,C 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1122 
 
 239 
 
 Aikat 
 
 )) 
 
 1200 
 
 )} }) 
 
 1124 
 
 239 
 
 (Arcof) 
 
 55 
 
 J) 
 
 Freuch E. I. C. 
 
 App. 136-7 
 
 289 
 
 {coniinued) 
 
 55 
 
 1201 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1125 
 
 239 
 
 
 55 
 
 [1203] 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 App. 138 
 
 289 
 
 
 55 
 
 1204 
 
 }) i) 
 
 ,5 139 
 
 289 
 
 
 55 
 
 [120-5] 
 
 )) }} 
 
 „ 140 
 
 289 
 
 
 ,, 
 
 1207 
 
 }) >} 
 
 „ 143 
 
 289 
 
 
 M 
 
 1208 
 
 East India Comp^ 
 
 „ 185 
 
 296 
 
 
 M 
 
 1213 
 
 }} , a 
 
 V 104 
 
 284 
 
 
 55 
 
 J5 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1126 
 
 239 
 
 
 55 
 
 1214 
 
 )i }) 
 
 1127 
 
 239 
 
 
 >J 
 
 •J 
 
 East India Compy 
 
 App. 106 
 
 284 
 
 
 
 1218 
 
 French E. I. C. 
 
 „ 144 
 
 289 
 
 
 M 
 
 I'lxx 
 
 East India Comp^ 
 
 „ 186-7 
 
 296 
 
 iUU^UI 
 
 M 
 
 1150 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1016 
 
 211 
 
 Islamabad 
 
 N 
 
 1173 
 
 Shah-Jahan lii. 
 
 1087 
 
 228 
 
 {Chlttagong') 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 JawWl 
 
 N 
 
 [1008] 
 
 Akbar 
 
 166 
 
 33 
 
 Asir 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {Astrgarh) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 jCi^ktt 
 
 A\ 
 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 936 
 
 190 
 
 A'zamnagar 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iblj.,£»l 
 
 M 
 
 1038 
 
 Shah-Jahau 
 
 583 
 
 116 
 
 Akbarabad 
 
 55 
 
 1039 
 
 J) 
 
 588 
 
 117 
 
 {Agrah, ^.v.) 
 
 55 
 
 1040 
 
 >5 
 
 593-94 
 
 118 
 
 
 5) 
 
 1041 
 
 55 
 
 604-5 
 
 120 
 
 
 N 
 
 1042 
 
 55 
 
 534-35 
 
 106 
 
 
 M 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 613,615 
 
 122 
 
 
 N 
 
 1043 
 
 
 537-39, 
 541 
 
 107, 
 108 
 
 
 M 
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 621-22 
 
 123
 
 3-28 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.n. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 5W'>^f=l 
 
 M 
 
 1044 
 
 Sliah-Jahaa 
 
 633 
 
 126 
 
 AkbarabaJ. 
 
 N 
 
 1045 
 
 )> 
 
 545 
 
 109 
 
 (Agrah, q.v.) 
 
 >j 
 
 10i6 
 
 >■> 
 
 546 
 
 109 
 
 (continued) 
 
 >) 
 
 1047 
 
 }t 
 
 547 
 
 109 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 642 
 
 127 
 
 
 N 
 
 1048 
 
 )» 
 
 548 
 
 109 
 
 
 J? 
 
 1050 
 
 ») 
 
 550-51 
 
 109-10 
 
 
 M 
 
 1051 
 
 )) 
 
 554 
 
 110 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1052 
 
 )f 
 
 556 
 
 110 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1053 
 
 >> 
 
 557 
 
 110 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1056 
 
 )» 
 
 558 
 
 110 
 
 
 M 
 
 jj 
 
 )> 
 
 656 
 
 129 
 
 
 N 
 
 1057 
 
 n 
 
 559-60 
 
 110-11 
 
 
 >) 
 
 [1059] 
 
 )) 
 
 561 
 
 111 
 
 
 yR 
 
 1059 
 
 )> 
 
 665 
 
 131 
 
 
 iV 
 
 1061 
 
 ) J 
 
 564 
 
 111 
 
 
 j; 
 
 1062 
 
 5> 
 
 565 
 
 111 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1064 
 
 )) 
 
 567 
 
 111 
 
 
 ^> 
 
 1068 
 
 J> 
 
 572 
 
 112 
 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 Slnija' 
 
 690 
 
 135 
 
 
 )> 
 
 [1069] 
 
 Auiangzib 
 
 725 
 
 143 
 
 
 jj 
 
 1071 
 
 ?> 
 
 733 
 
 145 
 
 
 >» 
 
 1077 
 
 j> 
 
 745 
 
 148 
 
 
 >? 
 
 1103 
 
 >> 
 
 789 
 
 154 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1109 
 
 >) 
 
 817, 818 
 
 157 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1112 
 
 j> 
 
 823 
 
 158 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1114 
 
 » 
 
 828, 828a 
 
 159 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1116 
 
 )> 
 
 834 
 
 159 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1117 
 
 jj 
 
 838 
 
 160 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1118] 
 
 jj 
 
 843 
 
 161 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1120] 
 
 Babadiir 
 
 869-70 
 
 172 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1123 
 
 >> 
 
 863 
 
 169 
 
 
 j> 
 
 112[4] 
 
 Jahandar 
 
 881-83 
 
 177 
 
 
 yR 
 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 887-88 
 
 178 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1125] 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 905 
 
 184 
 
 
 j> 
 
 [1126] 
 
 >> 
 
 912 
 
 186 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1128 
 
 J) 
 
 919 
 
 187 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1129 
 
 >> 
 
 924 
 
 188 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1130 
 
 >> 
 
 932 
 
 189 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1131 
 
 Raft'-ad-darajat 
 
 938-39 
 
 192 
 
 
 }> 
 
 >) 
 
 E.afi'-ad-daulah 
 
 947 
 
 195 
 
 
 }) 
 
 1132 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 978 
 
 204 
 
 
 }) 
 
 113[6] 
 
 >> 
 
 986 
 
 206 
 
 
 >) 
 
 1140 
 
 j> 
 
 997 
 
 208 
 
 
 N 
 
 1147 
 
 J9 
 
 967 
 
 200 
 
 
 M 
 
 1158 
 
 JJ 
 
 1037 
 
 215 
 
 
 }> 
 
 [1162] 
 
 , Ahmad 
 
 1048 
 
 218 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1171 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 1077 
 
 22G
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 329 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Akbarabad 
 {continued) 
 
 Akbarnagar 
 {Rdjmahall) 
 
 33 1 jSii^^\ 
 Akbarnagar Ouclh 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Metal. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 
 JE 
 
 N 
 
 TEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 1175 
 
 1198 
 1218 
 121[9] 
 1220 
 
 lOU 
 1015 
 1016 
 
 1039 
 1043 
 1055 
 1076 
 [1080] 
 
 1135 
 
 936-42 
 967 
 970 
 971 
 972 
 976 
 977 
 978 
 980 
 981 
 982 
 
 noos" 
 
 1007° 
 10091 
 1010] 
 IQxx] 
 1012] 
 
 [1013] 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 Jahanglr 
 
 Shah-Jahaa 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 Early Local 
 Akbar 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1128 
 1129 
 1130 
 1131 
 1132 
 
 404 
 410,412 
 418,419 
 509 
 589 
 629 
 655 
 742a 
 706 
 
 985 
 
 1219-28 
 
 262 
 
 86 
 
 22 
 
 91 
 
 23 
 
 23, 24 
 
 11, 12 
 
 30 
 
 12 
 
 40 
 
 14 
 
 101 
 
 25 
 
 45 
 
 15 
 
 49 
 
 15 
 
 50,51 
 
 16 
 
 52-54 
 
 16, 17 
 
 164 
 
 32 
 
 165 
 
 32 
 
 283 
 
 54 
 
 284-86 
 
 54-55 
 
 287 
 
 55 
 
 167-69 
 
 33 
 
 f 170, ] 
 ( 173-74) 
 
 33-34 
 
 U I 
 
 J 
 
 240 
 240 
 240 
 241 
 241 
 
 80 
 
 80 
 
 81 
 
 98 
 
 117 
 
 125 
 
 129 
 
 147 
 
 139 
 
 205
 
 330 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 6j^\ 
 
 M 
 
 [1013] 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 250 
 
 46 
 
 Agrah 
 
 M 
 
 ») 
 
 >) 
 
 
 287a 
 
 55 
 
 {continued) 
 
 N 
 
 [1014] 
 
 5) 
 
 
 175 
 
 34 
 
 
 M 
 
 1014 
 
 Jaliaagir 
 
 
 402-3 
 
 79 
 
 
 N 
 
 1015 
 
 )) 
 
 
 290 
 
 57 
 
 
 M 
 
 )) 
 
 M 
 
 
 408-9 
 
 80 
 
 
 N 
 
 1017 
 
 >> 
 
 
 295 
 
 58 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 )» 
 
 
 423 
 
 82 
 
 
 N 
 
 1018 
 
 5) 
 
 
 296 
 
 58 
 
 
 M 
 
 11 
 
 )) 
 
 
 426-27 
 
 83 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1019 
 
 5> 
 
 
 432 
 
 84 
 
 
 N 
 
 1U20 
 
 J> 
 
 
 297 
 
 59 
 
 
 M 
 
 )) 
 
 )> 
 
 
 429 
 
 85 
 
 
 N 
 
 1021 
 
 J> 
 
 
 298-99 
 
 59 
 
 
 M 
 
 J) 
 
 >J 
 
 
 441-42 
 
 86 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 J> 
 
 
 612 
 
 99 
 
 
 N 
 
 1022 
 
 >> 
 
 
 300 
 
 59 
 
 
 M 
 
 1023 
 
 J> 
 
 
 453 
 
 88 
 
 
 N 
 
 1024 
 
 >> 
 
 
 301 
 
 60 
 
 
 5> 
 
 1025 
 
 5> 
 
 
 303 
 
 60 
 
 
 M 
 
 JJ 
 
 J> 
 
 
 458-59 
 
 89 
 
 
 N 
 
 1026 
 
 »> 
 
 
 304 
 
 60 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 »> 
 
 
 464-65 
 
 90 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1027 
 
 5) 
 
 c 
 
 474 
 305,322,321-6, 
 
 92 
 
 
 N 
 
 1028 
 
 
 3 
 
 334, 338, 342, 
 
 > 61-76 
 
 
 
 
 >» 
 
 ; 
 
 350, 358, 376, 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 378, 380, 383-4 
 
 ) 
 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 { 
 
 386-7, 397, 
 400-1 
 
 [ 77, 78 
 
 
 N 
 
 1029 
 
 >> 
 
 
 330, 333a, h, 
 335, 351 
 
 I 66, 67, 70 
 
 
 M 
 
 >» 
 
 >> 
 
 { 
 
 c 
 
 366, 375, 388-9, 
 
 391 
 
 323, 327-8, 
 
 1 72-77 
 
 
 N 
 
 1030 
 
 » 
 
 1 
 
 333c, 339, 343, 
 346a, 352 
 
 [ 65-70 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1031 
 
 >> 
 
 
 331, 336-37, 
 340, 348, 353, 
 
 ? 66-71, 76 
 j 77,78 
 
 
 
 
 
 355, 359, 382 
 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 i 
 
 390, 396 
 329, 332, 338, 
 
 77, 78 
 / 66, 67, 
 
 
 N 
 
 1032 
 
 
 344, 347, 349, 
 
 
 
 
 5> 
 
 ( 
 
 354, 356, 377, 
 377a 
 
 C 69, 70, 75 
 
 
 JR 
 
 )> 
 
 !> 
 
 
 395 
 
 78 
 
 
 N 
 
 1033 
 
 
 ( 
 
 333, 341, 345, 
 
 1 66,68,69, 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 >> 
 
 ( 
 
 360, 379, 381 
 
 3 71, 75, 76
 
 IXDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 331 
 
 
 
 TCKAR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MINT, 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Agrah 
 
 M 
 
 1033 
 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 
 367, 392-4, 
 398-9, 
 
 73, 77, 
 78 
 
 {coiUinued) 
 
 }■> 
 
 1035 
 
 
 j> 
 
 
 502 
 
 97 
 
 
 )f 
 
 1037 
 
 ( 
 
 Jahangir and 
 Nui--Jalian 
 
 
 523-i 
 
 101 
 
 
 j> 
 
 ,> 
 
 
 Shah-Jalian 
 
 
 579 
 
 114 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1038 
 
 
 » 
 
 
 581-2 
 
 115 
 
 Henceforward called ^{j\j.*^\ Akbardbdd, q.v. 
 
 Ilahabad 
 (Allahabad) 
 
 Imtiyazgarli 
 (Adoni) 
 
 Indrapiir 
 (ludore) 
 
 Ujjain 
 
 >3' 
 Oudh 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 N 
 
 [994] 
 
 1041 
 [1043] 
 
 [1125] 
 1161 
 
 1170 
 
 [1170] 
 
 [1171] 
 1173 
 
 1122 
 
 Akbar 
 
 J, 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 Muhammad 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 Shah-Jahan ill. 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 See ^3! jSiJj^^\ Akbarnagar Oudh 
 
 273« 
 
 254-254& 
 
 006 
 
 623 
 
 900a 
 
 976 
 
 977 
 
 1068-70a 
 
 1085& 
 
 1078 
 
 226 
 
 1062 
 
 222 
 
 1067 
 
 224 
 
 1090 
 
 229 
 
 862 
 
 53 
 
 48 
 120 
 124 
 
 183 
 
 203 
 203 
 224 
 227 
 
 169 
 
 "* The original form tj-llill lidhdbds is preserved on 273a.
 
 332 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 iL.1 Jljjjt 
 
 fM 
 
 1071 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 730 
 
 145 
 
 ^Lwo <C~Oi>.». 
 
 iN 
 
 1074 
 
 >j 
 
 702 
 
 138 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 f„ 
 
 1079 
 
 » 
 
 705 
 
 139 
 
 Khujistab-bunyad* 
 
 * 
 
 1088 
 1108 
 
 >> 
 
 753 
 812 
 
 149 
 157 
 
 
 *^ 
 
 1109 
 
 >> 
 
 719 
 
 141 
 
 
 * " 
 
 1118 
 
 A'zam 
 
 847 
 
 162 
 
 
 * " 
 
 1120 
 
 Babadur 
 
 855 
 
 166 
 
 
 * " 
 
 1121 
 
 n 
 
 861 
 
 169 
 
 
 * >» 
 
 1123 
 
 » 
 
 864 
 
 170 
 
 
 * " 
 
 1124 
 
 Jahandar 
 
 877-78 
 
 175-76 
 
 
 * " 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 946 
 
 194 
 
 
 * " 
 
 )) 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 958 
 
 199 
 
 
 * >' 
 
 11 [50] 
 
 )f 
 
 969 
 
 201 
 
 Burbanpvir 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 [1011] 
 1037 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Shah-Jabaa 
 
 197, 241 
 311 
 580 
 
 37,44 
 
 62 
 
 115 
 
 
 >j 
 
 1040 
 
 )) 
 
 595 
 
 119 
 
 
 
 1042 
 
 )} 
 
 616 
 
 122 
 
 
 JsF 
 
 1043 
 
 )} 
 
 540 
 
 107 
 
 
 )j 
 
 1051 
 
 )} 
 
 555 
 
 110 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1060 
 
 » 
 
 562 
 
 111 
 
 
 5> 
 
 1061 
 
 >j 
 
 563 
 
 111 
 
 
 J> 
 
 1068 
 
 >j 
 
 575 
 
 113 
 
 
 JR 
 
 1098 
 1111 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 774 
 720 
 
 152 
 141 
 
 
 JR 
 
 1113 
 
 }J 
 
 825 
 
 158 
 
 
 N 
 
 1115 
 
 5> 
 
 723 
 
 142 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1119 
 
 A'zam 
 
 849 
 
 163 
 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 )> 
 
 851 
 
 163 
 
 
 J^ 
 
 1120 
 
 Babadur 
 
 857 
 
 167 
 
 
 M 
 
 1121 
 
 ,, 
 
 873 
 
 173 
 
 
 N 
 
 [1129] 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 894 
 
 181 
 
 * An asterisk (*) is affixed to those coins which bear only the name J^i 
 obelus (t) to those which bear only oUleli^jl.
 
 INDEX OF MIXTS. 
 
 333 
 
 
 
 
 YKAK 
 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.K. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 
 U5^^ 
 
 M 
 
 1107 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 804, 807 
 
 156 
 
 
 Baraili 
 
 J) 
 
 1111 
 
 ,> 
 
 820 
 
 158 
 
 
 
 !J 
 
 1113 
 
 )> 
 
 826 
 
 158 
 
 
 
 J> 
 
 1116 
 
 )) 
 
 836 
 
 160 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 [1129] 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 893 
 
 180 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 948 
 
 195 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 115[7] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1035 
 
 214 
 
 
 U-)W 
 
 M 
 
 1150 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1017 
 
 211 
 
 
 ^\j\j>^fA,^ 
 
 J^ 
 
 1162 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 1040 
 
 216 
 
 
 T^pn^irps 
 
 M 
 
 1164 
 
 " r 
 
 1052 
 
 219 
 
 
 Muhammadabad 
 
 5) 
 
 1183 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1133 
 
 242 
 
 
 
 )> 
 
 [1186] 
 
 }) 
 
 1134 
 
 242 
 
 
 
 J, 
 
 1189 
 
 ,, 
 
 1135 
 
 242 
 
 
 
 )) 
 
 [1190] 
 
 5> 
 
 1136 
 
 242 
 
 
 
 J, 
 
 [1191] 
 
 ,, 
 
 1138-41 
 
 243 
 
 
 
 J) 
 
 1203 
 
 JJ 
 
 1143-44 
 
 243 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1207 
 
 ,, 
 
 1145-46 
 
 243-4 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1209 
 
 }} 
 
 1142 
 
 243 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1212 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 57 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 }} 
 
 121[3] 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1147 
 
 244 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 1214 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 55 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 1215 
 
 }' 1 
 
 „ 58 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 )} 
 
 1217 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1148-49 
 
 244 
 
 
 
 }) 
 
 1221 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 59 
 
 276 
 
 
 * 
 
 M 
 
 5) 
 
 )) 
 
 ,,181,183 
 
 295 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 1222 
 
 " / 
 
 ,, 60 
 
 276 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 yy 
 
 j> 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1150 
 
 244 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1224 
 
 ii 
 
 1151 
 
 244 
 
 
 \ 
 
 )} 
 
 1225 
 
 )) 
 
 1152 
 
 244 
 
 
 }) 
 
 1226 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 61 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1227 
 
 3} 
 
 „ 62 
 
 276 
 
 
 * 
 
 JE 
 
 1228 
 
 }} 
 
 „ 182 
 
 295 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 1229 
 
 }) 
 
 „ 63,66 
 
 276-7 
 
 
 
 yy 
 
 1231 
 
 )} 
 
 „ 64 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 }) 
 
 1233 
 
 J> 
 
 ,, 65 
 
 276 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 1235 
 
 >J 
 
 .. 56 
 
 276 
 
 
 O-^jiV 
 
 N 
 
 119a; 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1153 
 
 245 
 
 
 Bahadurpatan 
 
 „ 
 
 1197 
 
 }} 
 
 1154 
 
 246 
 
 * Omits second name, Muhammadabad.
 
 334 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 I 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 KO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 J^ 
 
 M 
 
 1043 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 625 
 
 124 
 
 Bhakar (j^i) 
 
 J) 
 
 1045 
 
 >> 
 
 626 
 634 
 
 124 
 126 
 
 Bijapiir 
 
 M 
 
 1091 
 1099 
 1105 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 763 
 711 
 795 
 
 150 
 140 
 155 
 
 
 jj 
 
 1107 
 
 
 717 
 
 141 
 
 
 3? 
 
 1112 
 
 
 805 
 722 
 
 156 
 142 
 
 
 
 1120 
 
 Kam Bakhsh 
 
 853 
 
 165 
 
 
 N 
 
 [1130] 
 
 Farrukli-siyar 
 
 898 
 
 182 
 
 4jl^ 
 
 AZ 
 
 [1007] 
 
 Akbar 
 
 280-81a 
 
 54 
 
 Bairatah 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 du^ 
 
 M 
 
 987 
 
 Akbar 
 
 131 
 
 29 
 
 Patnah 
 
 
 
 "1005' 
 "1006' 
 
 
 5> 
 
 209-10 
 215-16 
 
 39 
 40 
 
 
 
 
 1007' 
 
 
 )> 
 
 220 
 
 41 
 
 
 
 
 1009] 
 [1012] 
 
 
 230 
 249 
 
 42 
 45 
 
 9 
 
 
 "1015" 
 
 1018 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 413 
 
 428 
 
 81 
 83 
 
 
 
 1021 
 
 5) 
 
 443 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 1026 
 
 J> 
 
 467 
 
 91 
 
 
 
 1027 
 
 J> 
 
 476 
 
 93 
 
 
 
 1028 
 
 Jl 
 
 479-80 
 
 93 
 
 
 
 1029 
 
 >> 
 
 485 
 
 94 
 
 
 
 
 1030 
 
 
 5J 
 
 489 
 
 95
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 335 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROE. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 <VIaJ 
 
 M 
 
 1033 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 497 
 
 96 
 
 Patnah 
 
 (continued) 
 
 
 
 1035 
 1036 
 
 [1037] [ 
 
 Jahangir and !N"ur- 
 Jahan 
 
 309 
 507 
 
 1 525-26 
 
 62 
 
 98 
 
 102 
 
 
 
 
 1038 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 584 
 
 116 
 
 
 
 
 1039 
 
 >) 
 
 590 
 
 118 
 
 
 
 
 1010 
 
 j> 
 
 596-97 
 
 119 
 
 
 
 
 1041 
 
 J5 
 
 607-9 
 
 121 
 
 
 
 
 1042 
 
 >> 
 
 617 
 
 122 
 
 
 
 
 [1043] 
 1045 
 
 
 624 
 635 
 
 124 
 126 
 
 
 
 
 [1058] 
 
 [1061] 
 
 1070 
 
 JJ 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 664 
 670 
 
 728 
 
 131 
 132 
 
 144 
 
 ? 
 
 
 
 1090 
 
 3) 
 
 760 
 
 150 
 
 
 
 
 1106 
 
 1) 
 
 801 
 
 156 
 
 
 N 
 
 1130 
 
 Farrnkh-siyar 
 
 895 
 
 181 
 
 V 
 
 ^ 
 
 R 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 944 
 
 193 
 
 Afterwards called iUI^^Jac lAzitnabad, q.v. 
 
 J3^ ? * 
 Peshawar 
 
 Jalaonabad ? 
 
 
 dL2J 
 
 .R 
 
 [999] 
 
 Tattaht 
 
 ?? 
 
 [1003] 
 
 
 
 1026 
 
 
 " 
 
 1047 
 1058 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1072 
 
 
 M 
 
 1137 
 
 JR 
 
 [991] 
 1120 
 
 1068 
 
 Akbar 
 Bahadur 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Jahangir 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 Aurangzib 
 Muhammad 
 
 Shuja' 
 
 177 
 
 854 
 
 189 
 199-200 
 
 468 
 643-44 
 
 663 
 
 701 
 
 989 
 
 691 
 
 35 
 
 166 
 
 86 
 37-8 
 
 91 
 127 
 130 
 138 
 206 
 
 135 
 
 * Betterj^jb;,- Sitdpur. 
 
 t See note, p. 37.
 
 336 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 YEAK 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 J.Oj.A^^J^ 
 
 N 
 
 [1033-34] 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 308 
 
 62 
 
 Jahangirnagar 
 
 M 
 
 >) 
 
 J) 
 
 501 
 
 97 
 
 (Dhdkka) 
 
 3> 
 
 — 
 
 >j 
 
 510 
 
 98 
 
 v. / 
 
 >> 
 
 1046 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 641 
 
 127 
 
 
 ?> 
 
 1048 
 
 )> 
 
 646 
 
 128 
 
 
 M 
 
 1099 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 779 
 
 152 
 
 
 y) 
 
 1124 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 903 
 
 184 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1183 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1157 
 
 247 
 
 }^^^^ 
 
 M 
 
 939 
 
 Early Local 
 
 1229-30 
 
 263 
 
 Jaunpur 
 
 )> 
 
 940 
 
 >> 
 
 1231 
 
 263 
 
 t 
 
 M 
 
 96x 
 
 Akbar 
 
 88, 88a 
 
 22-23 
 
 
 J J 
 
 974 
 
 >> 
 
 96 
 
 24 
 
 
 J) 
 
 975 
 
 j> 
 
 98 
 
 25 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 977 
 
 j> 
 
 41 
 
 14 
 
 
 jj 
 
 978 
 
 >> 
 
 46 
 
 15 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 97a? 
 
 f'» 
 
 47 
 
 15 
 
 
 5) 
 
 983 
 
 j> 
 
 58 
 
 17 
 
 
 yR 
 
 983 
 
 >» 
 
 108-10 
 
 26 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 98a; 
 
 J) 
 
 270 
 
 51 
 
 bjSsAJ^O^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 1059 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 666 
 
 131 
 
 Juaahgarh 
 
 M 
 
 1060 
 
 >> 
 
 667 
 
 131 
 
 {Jundgarli) 
 
 JJ 
 
 1071 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 734 
 
 146 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1074 
 
 » 
 
 738-39 
 
 147 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1085 
 
 >j 
 
 752 
 
 149 
 
 
 J J 
 
 1090 
 
 )i 
 
 757 
 
 150 
 
 
 J J 
 
 1096 
 
 J) 
 
 770 
 
 151 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1109 
 
 ) J 
 
 819 
 
 158 
 
 i^i\^ (l^'^-) 
 
 yR 
 
 1156 
 
 .Muhammad 
 
 1032 
 
 214 
 
 (Sivvai) Jaipur 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,L3 Uis- 
 
 J - ... ... 
 
 /E 
 
 942 
 
 Early Local 
 
 1-232 
 
 203 
 
 Champanir 
 
 
 
 

 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 337 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 TEAR. 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROB. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 ^J.:JLi,»- 
 
 ^ 
 
 1103 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 715 
 
 141 
 
 Chinapatan 
 (Madras) 
 
 JR 
 
 [1108] 
 
 nil 
 
 >> 
 
 788 
 815 
 721 
 
 154 
 157 
 142 
 
 
 M 
 
 1128 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 920 
 
 187 
 
 iblj^O. 
 
 N 
 
 1120 
 
 K6m Bakhsh 
 
 852 
 
 164 
 
 Haidarabad 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Hyderabad) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kh u j istah-buny ad 
 
 See ^l^tiUj^l Aurangdbdd 
 
 Dilshadabad 
 
 Dehli 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 M 
 M 
 
 ij 
 
 M 
 JR 
 
 1186 
 \2xx 
 
 971 
 
 975 
 
 977 
 
 985 
 [1005] 
 [1005-7] 
 1021 
 1040 
 1041 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Jabangir 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 1155 
 1156 
 
 Henceforward called iblvjly».dlw Shdhjahdndhdd, g.v. 
 
 246 
 246 
 
 94 
 
 24 
 
 38 
 
 13 
 
 97 
 
 25 
 
 42 
 
 14 
 
 114 
 
 26 
 
 213 
 
 40 
 
 282 
 
 64 
 
 444 
 
 86 
 
 603 
 
 120 
 
 610 
 
 121
 
 338 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 TEAR 
 A.H, 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 D6s:am 
 
 Daulatabail 
 (J^eogir) 
 
 Sftrangpur 
 
 Sirhind 
 
 Sriaagar 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 >> 
 
 >j 
 M 
 
 )> 
 N 
 
 >> 
 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 N 
 
 Siwai-Jaipur I 
 
 M 
 
 983 
 994 
 
 [1038] 
 1050 
 1051 
 1056 
 1060 
 1063 
 1067 
 
 1068 
 
 972 
 
 984 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 [1173] 
 [1174] 
 
 1156 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Akbar 
 
 263 
 271 
 
 530 
 
 552 
 
 553 
 
 657 
 
 668 
 
 566 
 
 569 
 676-77 
 571,573 
 683-84 
 
 31 
 
 61 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1158 
 1159 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1032
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 339 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 TEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Siirat 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 
 JR 
 
 1033 
 
 1034 
 1035 
 1036 
 
 1038 
 
 103a; 
 
 [1040] 
 
 1042 
 1043 
 1045 
 1046 
 1049 
 1051 
 1057 
 1058 
 1064 
 [1066] 
 1067 
 1068 
 
 1071 
 1072 
 1075 
 1076 
 1077 
 1081 
 1082 
 1083 
 
 [.] 
 1084 
 
 1089 
 
 1090 
 
 1091 
 
 1093 
 
 1094 
 
 1095 
 
 1096 
 
 1097 
 
 1098 
 
 1099 
 
 1100 
 
 1101 
 
 1103 
 
 1104 
 
 Jabangir 
 Jahangir and Nur- Jahan 
 
 Shah-Jahaa 
 
 Murad Bakhsh 
 Aurangzib 
 
 498 
 
 96 
 
 514 
 
 100 
 
 519 
 
 101 
 
 520 
 
 101 
 
 513 
 
 99 
 
 521 
 
 101 
 
 585-86 
 
 116 
 
 587 
 
 117 
 
 533 
 
 106 
 
 598 
 
 119 
 
 618 
 
 122 
 
 627, 630 
 
 124-25 
 
 636 
 
 126 
 
 638-39 
 
 126 
 
 650 
 
 128 
 
 652 
 
 129 
 
 659-60 
 
 130 
 
 662 
 
 130 
 
 673 
 
 132 
 
 675 
 
 132 
 
 679 
 
 133 
 
 680 
 
 133 
 
 685-86 
 
 134 
 
 696-99 
 
 137 
 
 731 
 
 145 
 
 735 
 
 146 
 
 740 
 
 147 
 
 741 
 
 147 
 
 744 
 
 148 
 
 746 
 
 148 
 
 747 
 
 148 
 
 707 
 
 139 
 
 750 
 
 149 
 
 750a 
 
 149 
 
 754 
 
 149 
 
 758-59 
 
 150 
 
 761-62 
 
 150 
 
 765-66 
 
 151 
 
 768 
 
 151 
 
 769 
 
 151 
 
 771 
 
 151 
 
 773 
 
 152 
 
 775 
 
 152 
 
 779a 
 
 152 
 
 780 
 
 152 
 
 784 
 
 153 
 
 790 
 
 154 
 
 794 
 
 155
 
 340 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR, 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Oj^ 
 
 M 
 
 1105 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 796, 796a 
 
 155 
 
 Surat 
 
 >j 
 
 1108 
 
 >t 
 
 810 
 
 157 
 
 (continued) 
 
 
 1115 
 1116 
 
 
 832 
 837 
 
 159 
 160 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1117 
 
 7) 
 
 839 
 
 160 
 
 
 77 
 
 lla;a; 
 
 >> 
 
 840 
 
 160 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1123 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 875 
 
 174 
 
 
 M 
 
 1124 
 
 Jahandar 
 
 879 
 
 176 
 
 
 M 
 
 [1125] 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 906 
 
 185 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1127 
 
 j> 
 
 917 
 
 187 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1128] 
 
 » 
 
 921 
 
 188 
 
 
 7} 
 
 [1130] 
 
 » 
 
 934 
 
 190 
 
 
 J) 
 
 [1131] 
 
 Eafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 949 
 
 195 
 
 
 N 
 
 [,.] 
 
 Niku-siyar 
 
 953 
 
 197 
 
 
 M 
 
 118 [2] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 979 
 
 204 
 
 
 )} 
 
 113 [3] 
 
 » 
 
 981-2 
 
 205 
 
 
 f) 
 
 [1136] 
 
 if 
 
 987 
 
 206 
 
 
 )f 
 
 [1145] 
 
 » 
 
 1005 
 
 209 
 
 
 >' 
 
 [1149] 
 
 >} 
 
 1013 
 
 211 
 
 
 N 
 
 11^:07 
 
 77 , 
 
 967a 
 
 200 
 
 
 M 
 
 1176] 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1160 
 
 249 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1177] 
 
 }> 
 
 1161-2 
 
 249 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1178] 
 
 » 
 
 1163 
 
 249 
 
 
 if 
 
 1194] 
 
 if 
 
 1164 
 
 249 
 
 
 >» 
 
 1204] 
 
 >f 
 
 1165 
 
 249 
 
 
 W 
 
 A.D. 1802 
 
 East India Compy 
 
 App. 81 
 
 281 
 
 
 M 
 
 „ 1825 
 
 }i 
 
 „ 85-6 
 
 282 
 
 
 N 
 
 T.R. 46 
 
 11 
 
 [„ 82-4, 
 I 87-93 
 
 1 281-2 
 
 
 .R 
 
 IJ 7) 
 
 It 
 
 „ 94-5 
 
 282 
 
 
 5> 
 
 1215 
 
 11 
 
 „ 96-100 
 
 283 
 
 See Ojy-; iKt-o"* Mumhai- Surat 
 
 Sitapur 
 
 Shahabad 
 
 M [991] 
 
 M 
 
 1151 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 177 
 
 1019 
 
 35 
 
 212
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 341 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 iW'oW*^ 
 
 M 
 
 1060 
 
 Shah-Jabaa 
 
 669 
 
 131 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 (Miv Dehli) 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 1066 
 1067 
 1068 
 
 >5 
 
 668 
 678 
 681 
 
 112 
 133 
 133 
 
 
 N 
 
 1069 
 
 Anonymous 
 
 689 
 
 134 
 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 1076 
 1091 
 
 Aurangzib 
 >> 
 
 743 
 709 
 
 147 
 140 
 
 
 J) 
 
 1100 
 
 j> 
 
 713 
 
 140 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1101 
 
 >> 
 
 714 
 
 140 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1106 
 
 >i 
 
 716 
 
 141 
 
 
 M 
 
 1115 
 
 >> 
 
 833 
 
 159 
 
 
 )i 
 
 1118 
 
 >> 
 
 844 
 
 161 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1119 
 
 >> 
 
 845 
 
 161 
 
 
 J) 
 
 iy 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 867 
 
 171 
 
 
 N 
 
 1120 
 
 )> 
 
 856 
 
 167 
 
 
 M 
 
 1121 
 
 >» 
 
 872 
 
 173 
 
 
 N 
 
 — 
 
 >> 
 
 865 
 
 170 
 
 
 77 
 
 1124 
 
 Jahandar 
 
 880 
 
 176 
 
 
 M 
 
 >j 
 
 » 
 
 885, 889 
 
 178 
 
 
 >> 
 
 ^ 
 
 [1125] 
 1127 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 5) 
 
 909 
 891 
 
 185 
 179 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 J) 
 
 >> 
 
 915-16 
 
 187 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1128 
 
 » 
 
 922-23 
 
 188 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1129 
 
 )> 
 
 925-26 
 
 188 
 
 
 ikT 
 
 1130 
 
 7f 
 
 896 
 
 181 
 
 
 » 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 937 
 
 191 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 >) 
 
 5J 
 
 940-41 
 
 192 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 >» 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 945 
 
 194 
 
 
 ?) 
 
 1132 
 
 Ibrahim 
 
 954-55 
 
 198 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 )» 
 
 » 
 
 956-57 
 
 198 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1134 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 959 
 
 199 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 5) 
 
 j> 
 
 983 
 
 205 
 
 
 5> 
 
 1135 
 
 )> 
 
 984 
 
 205 
 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 113[7] 
 
 
 960 
 991 
 
 200 
 207 
 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 [1139] 
 
 [1141] 
 1142 
 
 
 996 
 
 962-3 
 
 999-1000 
 
 208 
 200 
 209 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1143 
 
 >> 
 
 1001 
 
 209 
 
 I 
 
 N 
 
 114[4] 
 114[5] 
 
 
 964 
 965 
 1004 
 
 200 
 200 
 209 
 
 f 
 
 
 114[6] 
 >> 
 
 >> 
 
 966 
 1006 
 
 200 
 210 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1147 
 
 }> 
 
 1008-10 
 
 210 
 
 
 
 11[48] 
 114[9] 
 1152 
 
 
 1012 
 1014 
 970-1 
 
 211 
 211 
 201
 
 342 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 •iW'oV^*^ 
 
 M 
 
 1152 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1020-21 
 
 212 
 
 Shalijahanabad 
 
 N 
 
 1153 
 
 )) 
 
 972 
 
 201 
 
 {New Dehli) 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 1024-5 
 
 213 
 
 {continued) 
 
 }) 
 
 1154 
 
 it 
 
 1026 
 
 213 
 
 
 >i 
 
 1155 
 
 )f 
 
 1027-8 
 
 213 
 
 
 N 
 
 1157 
 
 ff 
 
 975 
 
 202 
 
 
 M 
 
 >» 
 
 If 
 
 1033-4 
 
 214 
 
 
 }> 
 
 11[58] 
 
 » 
 
 1036 
 
 215 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1159 
 
 >> 
 
 1038 
 
 215 
 
 
 N 
 
 1161 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 1039 
 
 216 
 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 
 }t 
 
 1046 
 
 218 
 
 
 }i 
 
 1162 
 
 tf 
 
 1049 
 
 219 
 
 
 )} 
 
 1164 
 
 )> 
 
 1050-1 
 
 219 
 
 
 ft 
 
 1165 
 
 ft 
 
 1053-4 
 
 219 
 
 
 N 
 
 1166 
 
 }} 
 
 1041-2 
 
 217 
 
 
 M 
 
 [„]' 
 
 j> 
 
 1056 
 
 219 
 
 
 N' 
 
 1167 
 
 / >' 
 
 1043 
 
 217 
 
 
 }} 
 
 [1167] 
 
 'Alaragir 11. 
 
 1059 
 
 221 
 
 
 M 
 
 [„] 
 
 }f 
 
 1071 
 
 225 
 
 
 N 
 
 1168 
 
 ft 
 
 1060-1 
 
 221-2 
 
 
 M 
 
 [v] 
 
 ff 
 
 1073-4a 
 
 225 
 
 
 >» 
 
 [1169] 
 
 >t 
 
 1076 
 
 226 
 
 
 N 
 
 1170 
 
 f) 
 
 1063-4 
 
 223 
 
 
 M 
 
 it 
 
 tf 
 
 1079-80 
 
 226 
 
 
 yy 
 
 1172 
 
 ft 
 
 1082 
 
 226 
 
 
 }y 
 
 1174 
 
 Sliah-Jahan ill. 
 
 1091 
 
 230 
 
 
 j» 
 
 9J 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1105 
 
 235 
 
 
 N 
 
 1176 
 
 )) 
 
 1093 
 
 231 
 
 
 M 
 
 1198 
 
 )f 
 
 1096 
 
 233 
 
 
 f) 
 
 1199 
 
 tf 
 
 1097 
 
 233 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1202 
 
 tf 
 
 1098 
 
 233 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 Bidar-Bakht 
 
 1206 
 
 259 
 
 
 M 
 
 99 
 
 ft , 
 
 1209 
 
 259 
 
 
 N 
 
 1205 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1094 
 
 232 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1206 
 
 )) 
 
 1095 
 
 232 
 
 
 M 
 
 1217 
 
 )) 
 
 1106 
 
 235 
 
 
 
 
 
 1099-1101, 
 
 234, 
 
 
 N 
 
 1218 
 
 1104 
 
 235 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 ;> 
 
 1107-9 
 
 235 
 
 
 N 
 
 1219 
 
 ft 
 
 1110 
 
 236 
 
 
 M 
 
 99 
 
 )) 
 
 1112 
 
 236 
 
 
 ;t 
 
 1220 
 
 tt 
 
 1113-15 
 
 236 
 
 
 N 
 
 1221 
 
 tt 
 
 1111 
 
 236 
 
 
 M 
 
 9} 
 
 ft 
 
 1116-17 
 
 236 
 
 
 )) 
 
 }) 
 
 Muh. Akbar 11. 
 
 1210 
 
 260 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1222 
 
 )> 
 
 1211 
 
 260 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1223 
 
 >» 
 
 1212 
 
 260 
 
 
 }} 
 
 1224 
 
 )) 
 
 1213 1 
 
 260
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 343 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 iLl^jlySkdU/ 
 
 M 
 
 [1226] 
 
 Muh. Akbar ii. 
 
 1214 
 
 260 
 
 Shahjahanabad 
 
 )} 
 
 1251 
 
 >• 
 
 1215-16 
 
 260 
 
 (Nejv Dehli) 
 
 )} 
 
 1257 
 
 Bahadur ii. 
 
 1217 
 
 261 
 
 {continued) 
 
 }} 
 
 1258 
 
 >> 
 
 1218 
 
 261 
 
 jiC^^ 
 
 N 
 
 1121 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 860 
 
 168 
 
 Sholapiir 
 
 M 
 
 1122 
 
 3> 
 
 874 
 
 174 
 
 3bl>Ji 
 
 M 
 
 1107 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 808 
 
 157 
 
 Zafarabad 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 JiiA^ 
 
 JR 
 
 . 1100 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 781 
 
 153 
 
 Zalarpiir 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ibl^^kc 
 
 M 
 
 1120 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 868 
 
 172 
 
 'Azimabad 
 
 
 1126 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 913 
 
 186 
 
 {Patnah, q.v.) 
 
 
 1131 
 
 Eafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 950 
 
 195 
 
 
 
 11[36] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 991 
 
 207 
 
 
 
 1137 
 
 j> 
 
 992 
 
 207 
 
 
 
 1152 
 
 >5 
 
 1022 
 
 213 
 
 
 
 1161 
 
 ^ Ahmad. 
 
 1045 
 
 218 
 
 
 
 1172 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 1083 
 
 227 
 
 
 N 
 
 1174 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1166 
 
 250 
 
 
 M 
 
 'J 
 
 )> 
 
 1168 
 
 250 
 
 
 j» 
 
 [1175] 
 
 )> 
 
 1169 
 
 260 
 
 
 N 
 
 1182 
 
 >> 
 
 1167 
 
 250 
 
 J*e>'.%o'^ 
 
 M 
 
 1096 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 772 
 
 151 
 
 'Alamgirpur 
 
 
 
 

 
 344 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 3^^f^ 
 
 N 
 
 986 
 
 Akbar 
 
 66 
 
 19 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 » 
 
 124 
 
 28 
 
 (Fathpur Sikri) 
 
 M 
 
 987 
 
 it 
 
 67 
 125-26 
 
 19 
 
 28 
 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 >> 
 
 266 
 
 51 
 
 
 N 
 
 988 
 
 j> 
 
 69 
 
 19 
 
 
 M 
 
 jj 
 
 )> 
 
 134-35 
 
 29 
 
 
 M 
 
 )> 
 
 9> 
 
 268 
 
 51 
 
 
 M 
 
 989 
 
 JJ 
 
 138-39 
 
 30 
 
 
 j> 
 
 
 » 
 
 161 
 
 31 
 
 (Ahmadnagar) 
 Farrukhabad 
 
 *M 
 
 115[5] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 1029 
 
 213 
 
 * 
 
 1161 
 
 ^ Ahmad 
 
 1047 
 
 218 
 
 
 1172 
 
 'Alameir ii. 
 
 1084 
 
 227 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 1173 
 
 Shah-Jahan iii. 
 
 1087 
 1088 
 
 228 
 229 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1174 
 
 >) , 
 
 1092 
 
 230 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1179 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1172 
 
 252 
 
 
 }> 
 
 1187 
 
 ^> 
 
 1173 
 
 252 
 
 
 ?> 
 
 1189 
 
 9> 
 
 1174 
 
 252 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1192 
 
 jj 
 
 1175 
 
 252 
 
 
 N 
 
 1194 
 
 99 
 
 1170 
 
 251 
 
 
 M 
 
 1195 
 
 99 
 
 1176 
 
 252 
 
 
 N 
 
 1196 
 
 9) 
 
 1171 
 
 251 
 
 
 M 
 
 )) 
 
 J> 
 
 1177 
 
 252 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1199 
 
 39 
 
 1178 
 
 252 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1203] 
 
 9> 
 
 1179 
 
 252 
 
 * 
 
 ^ 
 
 1204 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 54 
 
 275 
 
 
 5J 
 
 1216 
 
 Shah-^Alam 
 
 1180 
 
 253 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1217 
 
 3> 
 
 1181 
 
 253 
 
 
 )J 
 
 1218 
 
 ^J 
 
 1182-3 
 
 253 
 
 * 
 
 » 
 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 50-53 
 
 274-5 
 
 jUj.^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 1020 
 
 JaliHugir 
 
 440 
 
 86 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 M 
 
 1021 
 
 »5 
 
 445-46 
 
 87 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1022 
 
 5> 
 
 450 
 
 87 
 
 These coins omit the first name ^Cjj.**,!.
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 345 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR. 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Kandahar 
 {continued) 
 
 Kabul 
 
 Katak 
 {Cuttack) 
 
 M 
 
 J) 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 1023 
 1026 
 1027 
 1028 
 1029 
 1030 
 lOa'x 
 1048 
 [1056] 
 
 [995] 
 
 [996] 
 
 [1007] 
 
 [1008] 
 
 [1009] 
 
 [1010] 
 
 [1012] 
 
 1014 
 
 1015 
 
 1027 
 
 [1069] 
 [1100] 
 
 1125 
 1126 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 Aiirangzib 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 451, 454 
 470-71 
 
 472 
 481-82 
 486-87 
 
 490 
 
 511 
 
 647 
 
 658 
 
 274 
 
 53 
 
 274a 
 
 53 
 
 221 
 
 41 
 
 226 
 
 41 
 
 231 
 
 42 
 
 237 
 
 43 
 
 245-46 
 
 45 
 
 405 
 
 80 
 
 406-7 
 
 80 
 
 473 
 
 91 
 
 688 
 
 134 
 
 727 
 
 144 
 
 782 
 
 153 
 
 907-8 
 914 
 
 87-88 
 91 
 92 
 93 
 94 
 95 
 98 
 128 
 130 
 
 185 
 186 
 
 Karrah 
 
 An error for 6j^ j[^\ Imtiydzgarh, q.v.
 
 346 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT, 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Kashmir 
 {Cashmere) 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 Golkondah 
 
 Kanbayat 
 {Cambay) 
 
 Gang pur 
 
 Gwalior 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 JR 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 » 
 JR 
 
 1019 
 1025 
 1061 
 1154 
 
 1176 
 1188 
 
 1069 
 [1083 
 [1084' 
 [1085" 
 
 1086 
 [1087] 
 
 1098 
 [1099] 
 
 [1068] 
 1102 
 1109 
 1111 
 
 1128 
 
 9xx 
 
 [1001] 
 
 1129 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 Shah-Jahaa 
 Muhammad 
 
 East India Company 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Murad Bakhsh 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 Akbar 
 
 }> 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 433 
 
 462 
 671 
 973 
 
 App. 67 
 „ 150-3 
 
 726 
 748 
 749 
 751 
 708 
 755 
 778 
 712 
 783a 
 
 700 
 785 
 816 
 821 
 
 902 
 
 272 
 278 
 927 
 
 * Written ojLi^-s. on this coin (no. 700).
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 347 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 Giiti 
 
 Kiira 
 {Korali) 
 
 Lahore 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 JR 
 N 
 JR 
 
 JR 
 
 M 
 
 JE 
 JR 
 
 JR 
 
 N 
 JR 
 
 1128 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 1131 
 1141 
 
 936 
 
 938 
 971 
 974 
 977 
 97a? 
 983 
 986 
 987 
 
 988 
 
 989 
 [999] 
 
 [ „ ] 
 [lOOlJ 
 [lOOii] 
 
 [1004] 
 [1005] 
 [1006] 
 [1007] 
 ^1008 
 1009^ 
 1010^ 
 
 loir 
 
 1012° 
 
 1013; 
 
 1015 
 
 1016 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 Muhammad 
 
 Babar 
 
 Humayun 
 
 Early Local 
 
 Akbar 
 
 Jahanglr 
 
 901 
 
 942 
 998 
 
 183 
 
 192 
 208 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 1233 
 
 263 
 
 25 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 13 
 
 43 
 
 14 
 
 258 
 
 49 
 
 59, 60 
 
 17 
 
 122-23 
 
 28 
 
 68 
 
 19 
 
 129, 130 
 
 29 
 
 70 
 
 20 
 
 133 
 
 29 
 
 137 
 
 30 
 
 187-88 
 
 36 
 
 275 
 
 53 
 
 194-96 
 
 37 
 
 198 
 
 37 
 
 279 
 
 54 
 
 204 
 
 38 
 
 211-12 
 
 39 
 
 279a 
 
 54 
 
 222-25 
 
 41 
 
 227-28 
 
 42 
 
 232-34 
 
 42-43 
 
 238-40 
 
 44 
 
 242-44a 
 
 44-45 
 
 247-48 
 
 45 
 
 171 
 
 34 
 
 251 
 
 46 
 
 291-93 
 
 57-58 
 
 414-16 
 
 81 
 
 294 
 
 58
 
 348 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 IfO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 j^-s) 
 
 M 
 
 1016 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 420-22 
 
 82 
 
 Lahore 
 
 >) 
 
 1017 
 
 j> 
 
 424 
 
 82 
 
 (continued) 
 
 )> 
 
 1018 
 
 » 
 
 429-31 
 
 83 
 
 
 >) 
 
 1019 
 
 )f 
 
 434-38 
 
 84-85 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1021 
 
 >t 
 
 447-49 
 
 87 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1023] 
 
 tf 
 
 452, 455-7 
 
 88 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1025 
 
 )> 
 
 463 
 
 90 
 
 
 >j 
 
 1026 
 
 jj 
 
 469 
 
 91 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1027 
 
 » 
 
 477 
 
 93 
 
 
 5> 
 
 1029 
 
 )> 
 
 488 
 
 94 
 
 
 ?> 
 
 1030 
 
 >» 
 
 491 
 
 95 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 1031 
 
 » 
 
 494.95 
 
 95 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1032 
 
 >i 
 
 496 
 
 96 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1033 
 
 j> 
 
 499 
 
 96 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1034 
 
 » 
 
 500 
 
 96 
 
 
 5J 
 
 )j 
 
 Jahangir and Nur-Jahan 
 
 518 
 
 101 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1035 
 
 Jahangir 
 
 504 
 
 96 
 
 
 iV^ 
 
 1036 
 
 n 
 
 310 
 
 62 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 j> 
 
 )) 
 
 505-6 
 
 97-98 
 
 
 >» 
 
 1037 
 
 ^> 
 
 508 
 
 98 
 
 
 »> 
 
 )> 
 
 Davvar Bakhsh 
 
 527 
 
 103 
 
 
 »> 
 
 » 
 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 578 
 
 114 
 
 
 iV 
 
 1039 
 
 >> 
 
 531 
 
 105 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 5> 
 
 >i 
 
 591 
 
 118 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1040 
 
 >» 
 
 599 
 
 119 
 
 
 5? 
 
 1041 
 
 )> 
 
 611-12 
 
 121 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1042 
 
 j> 
 
 536 
 
 107 
 
 
 M 
 
 1044 
 
 )> 
 
 632 
 
 125 
 
 
 >y 
 
 1046 
 
 »> 
 
 640 
 
 127 
 
 
 J) 
 
 1047 
 
 }) 
 
 645 
 
 128 
 
 
 >j 
 
 1049 
 
 )y 
 
 651 
 
 129 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1098 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 776 
 
 152 
 
 
 >5 
 
 1105 
 
 >> 
 
 799 
 
 155 
 
 
 J) 
 
 1106 
 
 » 
 
 802 
 
 156 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1108 
 
 »> 
 
 814 
 
 157 
 
 
 >5 
 
 1114 
 
 >> 
 
 830 
 
 159 
 
 
 N 
 
 1120 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 858 
 
 168 
 
 
 M 
 
 j> 
 
 » 
 
 871 
 
 173 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1125 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 910 
 
 185 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1129 
 
 » 
 
 892 
 
 180 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 >i 
 
 >> 
 
 928-29 
 
 189 
 
 
 N 
 
 1131 
 
 >5 
 
 899 
 
 183 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 943 
 
 193 
 
 
 ?ii 
 
 >> 
 
 Rafi'-ad-danlah 
 
 951 
 
 196 
 
 
 5) 
 
 [1136] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 988 
 
 206 
 
 
 »> 
 
 [1139] 
 
 ») 
 
 995 
 
 208 
 
 
 )> 
 
 11 [44] 
 
 )i 
 
 1003 
 
 209 
 
 
 J> 
 
 11 [46] 
 
 » 
 
 1007 
 
 210
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 349 
 
 Lahore 
 (continued) 
 
 Lucknow 
 
 Malpur 
 
 Muhammadabad 
 
 Machblipatan 
 (Masulipatan) 
 
 Muradabad 
 
 Metal. 
 
 M 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 11[49] 
 
 1150 
 
 1155 
 
 1171 
 
 1172 
 
 [1103] 
 
 1104 
 
 [1118] 
 
 [1173] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 985 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 NO. 
 
 1015 
 1018 
 974 
 1065 
 1085 
 
 Akbar 
 
 264 
 
 See j^xj^\ Udaipur, u-yW Benares 
 
 M 
 
 1111 
 
 
 1194 
 
 
 1197 
 
 
 1198 
 
 
 1212 
 
 
 1214 
 
 M 
 
 1167 
 
 Aurancrzib 
 East India Company 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 822 
 App. 145 
 ,, 146 
 „ 147 
 „ 148 
 „ 149 
 
 1057 
 
 791 
 
 154 
 
 793 
 
 154 
 
 846 
 
 161 
 
 1184 
 
 255 
 
 211 
 212 
 202 
 223 
 
 227 
 
 50 
 
 158 
 290 
 290 
 290 
 290 
 290 
 
 210
 
 350 
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 Mu'azzamabad 
 
 
 
 YEAR. 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 iljtjkwj^ 
 
 N 
 
 [1124] 
 
 Farrukh-siyar 
 
 890 
 
 179 
 
 Murshidabad 
 
 M 
 
 [1129] 
 
 j> 
 
 930-31 
 
 189 
 
 
 i> 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-daulah 
 
 952 
 
 196 
 
 
 >j 
 
 11[32] 
 
 Muhammad 
 
 980 
 
 204 
 
 
 )> 
 
 115[5] 
 
 » 
 
 1030 
 
 214 
 
 
 5> 
 
 [1165] 
 
 Ahmad 
 
 1055 
 
 219 
 
 
 >) 
 
 [1166] 
 
 , » 
 
 1058 
 
 220 
 
 
 ;> 
 
 1168 
 
 'Alamgir ii. 
 
 1072 
 
 225 
 
 
 >) 
 
 1171 
 
 >j 
 
 1081 
 
 226 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1172] 
 
 " / 
 
 1085a 
 
 227 
 
 
 >> 
 
 [1174] 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1186 
 
 255 
 
 
 ^J 
 
 [1179] 
 
 )) 
 
 1187 
 
 255 
 
 
 )5 
 
 1180 
 
 » 
 
 1188 
 
 255 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1181 
 
 )> 
 
 1185 
 
 254 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 j> 
 
 J5 
 
 1196 
 
 256 
 
 
 )> 
 
 1184 
 
 >> 
 
 1189 
 
 255 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1186 
 
 )> 
 
 1190-1 
 
 255-6 
 
 
 )) 
 
 [1189] 
 
 5> 
 
 1197 
 
 256 
 
 
 >> 
 
 119[3] 
 
 " { 
 
 1192-3 
 1198,1198a 
 
 |256 
 
 
 J) 
 
 1198 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 28 
 
 271 
 
 
 JJ 
 
 [1199] 
 
 ■ Shah-'Alam 
 
 1194 
 
 256 
 
 
 J> 
 
 [1202] 
 
 >> 
 
 1195 
 
 256 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1182 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 1, 2 
 
 267 
 
 
 iR 
 
 >i 
 
 >> 
 
 „ 5-7 
 
 268 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1183 
 
 >j 
 
 „ 3,4 
 
 268 
 
 
 M 
 
 ,, 
 
 j> 
 
 „ 9 
 
 269 
 
 
 M 
 
 1184 
 
 )j 
 
 „ 8 
 
 269 
 
 
 M 
 
 V 
 
 5> 
 
 „ 10,11 
 
 269 
 
 
 JiJ- 
 
 1185 
 
 >» 
 
 „ 15 
 
 270 
 
 
 M 
 
 >> 
 
 J> 
 
 „ 16 
 
 270 
 
 
 N 
 
 1187 
 
 )) 
 
 » 17 
 
 270 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1196 
 
 » 
 
 „ 18 
 
 270 
 
 
 )) 
 
 1197 
 
 )> 
 
 „ 19 
 
 270 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1198 
 
 J) 
 
 „ 20 
 
 270 
 
 
 j> 
 
 1201 
 
 )< 
 
 „ 21 
 
 270 
 
 
 >> 
 
 1202 
 
 " { 
 
 „ 22-3, 
 25, 29, 30 
 
 1 270-2 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 » 
 
 >1 
 
 „ 35-6 
 
 272 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1203 
 
 55 
 
 „ 24,26-7 
 
 271 
 
 
 >j 
 
 1204 
 
 5> 
 
 „ 33-4,43 
 
 272-3 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 >) 
 
 >> 
 
 ,,41-2 
 
 272 
 
 
 J) 
 
 
 >> 
 
 „ 37-40, 
 44-9 
 
 271-2 
 
 ^til^^Jaa^ 
 
 N 
 
 1131 
 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat 
 
 937a 
 
 191
 
 INDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 351 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Multaa 
 
 Mumbai-Surat 
 {Bomhay-Surat) 
 
 Munbay 
 (^Bombay) 
 
 Mandu 
 
 Metal. 
 
 YEAR 
 A.H. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 JR 
 
 JE 
 
 [1000] 
 1039 
 1040 
 
 1042 
 
 1043 
 1045 
 1048 
 1066 
 1068 
 1070 
 1073 
 1075 
 1076 
 1077 
 1125 
 1130 
 
 T.R. 45 
 
 1131 
 
 [1137] 
 1143 
 1148 
 114a; 
 
 118[2] 
 
 1188 
 
 118a! 
 
 942 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Akbar 
 Shah-Jahan 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Farrukh- 
 
 siyar 
 
 277 
 
 592 
 
 600-2 
 
 (614-15,-) 
 
 (619-20 j 
 
 628 
 
 637 
 
 648 
 
 674 
 570, 574 
 
 729 
 
 736 
 
 703 
 
 742 
 
 704 
 904, 911 
 
 897 
 
 935 
 
 East India Company 
 
 East India Company 
 
 App. 80 
 
 ^pr 
 
 ). 68-70 
 
 » 
 
 71 
 
 j> 
 
 72 
 
 >i 
 
 "73 
 
 ji 
 
 77 
 
 >> 
 
 75-6 
 
 
 77 
 
 '> 
 
 78-9a 
 
 Early Local 
 
 1234-5 
 
 53 
 118 
 119 
 
 122-23 
 
 124 
 
 126 
 
 128 
 
 132 
 112-13 
 
 144 
 
 146 
 
 139 
 
 147 
 
 139 
 184-86 
 
 182 
 
 190 
 
 280 
 
 278 
 278 
 279 
 279 
 279 
 279 
 280 
 280 
 
 263
 
 352 
 
 IXDEX OF MINTS. 
 
 
 
 YEAR 
 
 
 
 
 MINT. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 A.H. 
 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 NO. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Jyj^^ 
 
 M 
 
 963 
 
 Akbar 
 
 255 
 
 49 
 
 Narnol 
 
 j> 
 
 965 
 
 55 
 
 256 
 
 49 
 
 
 ?> 
 
 980 
 
 55 
 
 259 
 
 49 
 
 
 55 
 
 982 
 
 55 
 
 262 
 
 50 
 
 ? 
 
 55 
 
 [999] 
 
 55 
 
 276 
 
 53 
 
 
 M 
 
 1098 
 
 Auraugzib 
 
 777 
 
 152 
 
 
 5) 
 
 1102 
 
 55 
 
 786 
 
 153 
 
 iUwwjaJ 
 
 M 
 
 [1184] 
 
 Shah-'Alam 
 
 1199 
 
 257 
 
 Naiibabad 
 
 M 
 
 1195 
 
 )i 
 
 1200 . 
 
 257 
 
 J 
 
 95 
 
 1199 
 
 )f 
 
 1201 
 
 257 
 
 
 J? 
 
 1210 
 
 55 
 
 1202 
 
 257 
 
 
 3 J 
 
 1214 
 
 ?) 
 
 1203 
 
 257 
 
 
 ?J 
 
 1215 
 
 5> 
 
 1204-5 
 
 257 
 
 Nasratabad 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 806 
 
 156 
 
 ^btO/«a^ 
 
 
 
 

 
 ( 353 ) 
 
 II. A. HONORIFIC EPITHETS OF MINTS. 
 
 
 Epithet. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Emperors. 
 
 
 SjkXj 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 yZ>jJs.»- 
 
 Dehh' 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 ^L.^^ AZ~.a>.^ 
 
 Aurangabad 
 
 Aurangzib, &c. 
 
 «u..> 
 
 3j.^ti. Oj^\ y^t, 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Jahaugir 
 
 
 >e'^U^)l j'i 
 
 Ddgam 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 O^*^' j'i 
 
 Multan 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 
 A9^)LsJJI jb 
 
 Agrah 
 
 Akbar, Shah-Jah^u 
 
 
 >> )) 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 Gwalior 
 Jaunpur 
 Lahore 
 
 \ Akbar 
 
 
 >) »> 
 
 Akbarabad (Agrah) Shah-Jahan 
 
 
 )1 >> 
 
 Shabjahanabad 
 
 (Dehll) 
 Ajmir 
 Burhanpur 
 
 Shah-Jahan, Aurang- 
 zib, &c. 
 Aurangzib 
 
 Bahadur, Farrukh- 
 siyar 
 
 
 AxUyj>\ jb 
 
 Ahmadabad 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 jj 'J 
 
 Fathpur 
 
 Akbar 
 
 
 5» ii 
 
 Lahore 
 
 Akbar, Shah-Jahan, 
 Aurangzib, Baha- 
 dur, &c. 
 
 
 jk^\ j\^ 
 
 Bijapur 
 
 Aurangzib, Bahadur, 
 &c. 
 
 
 -,1a-) 1 jb 
 JUL*)! jb 
 
 Ujjain 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 
 Kabul 
 
 Aurangzib 
 
 
 As'^l^.si*)! ji.;;:—^ 
 
 Akbarabad (Agrah) Aurangzib, Farrukh- 
 siyar, &c. 
 
 
 )J 5> 
 
 Ajmir 
 
 Bahadur 
 
 
 ^X^i „ 
 
 Akbarabad (Agrah) Bahadur, Jahandar, 
 Farrukh-siyar.
 
 ( 35i ) 
 
 III. INDEX OF NAMES. 
 
 \ 
 
 ^*a^j1 (Ibrahim) — 
 
 ^\ see /AJa)), j.ftJao.)l 
 dlii j^o-*.! (Ahmad) — 
 
 ,j;jU oU, ib pl^j oli j^^^t 1039—1058 
 «lij ^iatl (A'zam) — 
 
 oli ^kcl siXJl^^ dliib 847—51 
 
 j^\ (Akbar) — 
 
 ol^^lj^^sl j^^a^O^jJ! J^)t*^^J.CoJI o^^^'^y^*^*^' u'^^' 
 ^cjU 23, 94, 97 
 
 j^jU oli^lj >-»^' -V^^sw^ O-:!-'^' J'i'^*- >»^^*^' (jlJaJLJI 
 
 24, 25, 30—39, 41, 46, 47 
 ^jU oli^l. j-^\ j.^a^ ^jjJI J-Njkc*. 20—29, 40, 42, 43 
 
 45, 48—81, 84, 122, 191, 252a, &c. 
 
 ^j\i. dli-ib j-j^l J^«=w-o ^>:!J^' J*^ (9 O^*^ **-i 
 j.j£»l J^^al»« O-:!-^" J"^*- O'^'^ ^^*^^ ,jUaJl-JI 
 
 ^j\i. oliil. 86, 87 
 
 l^jU dlii^b ^-^1 Jk~o-a>-« Oi-J^" J"^*- 0-:!«^b LJJkJI j.^U 
 
 88, 88a, 96 
 j,*£»l olw 169. See Index of Persian Distichs. 
 jy oli^b j-A^sl 175. See Index of Persian DrsTicrra. 
 ^fcli j^^l 280 ff.
 
 IXDEX OF NAMES. 355 
 
 ^*&t jk^aiMO (Muhammad Akbar ii) — 
 
 ^Jjlc dLw^lj 6^j^^\ Jk«.a^,« ^Ij ^j\jS w-»».lo 1210 — -16 
 
 jjjU. dlw^lj dlij,A£5l j^«:^4 1217 — 20 
 ^A^^l ^jl see j.ACily». 
 
 V-Jj<^j3' (Auraugzib) — 
 
 ^jSa^lc w-^jj^jj^l »U 701, ff. 
 j^jU el^ib ^i^a ^)U 706, 725 
 ^jU dlw^lo jij^^U dU( 745 
 ^£>^JU *U,>b 715, 742a 
 j.e5:^!U dli 721 
 
 ^^j^ dlw^lj ^.j^^U or-iJ^^JlJj^l Jk«ai..« 726 
 
 ^i^^)lc <--^J^J3' J^V^ J^»^^ C>i'*^^ (^?s>»"« ^A^J' ^' 
 
 ^j\c. dli^b 728, 730 
 
 ^^S^U dlw ji'v^ Vdj'^ji' Ji^^o*-^ 0-:J"*'" LS-**^ j.«iaJt ^.i"! 
 
 (j-jU dli^b 733 
 
 ^jL) (Babar) — 
 
 j.Af Jh<.a>.^ O"^"'^" ^-v^ ^UsJ.-JI 1 
 
 ji\-i j-i^i (jUaX-> pp. 5, 6, note. 
 j^jU eU-^L) j.jb J^a~« O-i-*^' J'iV-'' 2 
 
 ^_£jU dlw^b 3 — 6 
 j,jI» Jk««>.4 0-:J«^' J'iV^ v»J-^«JI (j^^*^ vO^'i'' O^-'^-*^' 
 
 dU-^U 7 
 
 jL:^i see jol^, j>\^, ^tj-o 
 j^ly;' (Bahadm*) — 
 
 ^jU oU/^b j^l^ ^!U «li 854, 855, 857, &o. 
 
 j^jU dli^slj ^!lt dli 856, 858, 868, &c. 
 j>l^ (Babadur ii) — 
 
 t^j\t. dlwib dlw jiV:* •-'^♦»^'* en**-'' ?!-!/-' /*Ja-frJ' .jv' 1221-2 
 
 eijU. Ali^b dlij^V^ j.,^* 1223—25
 
 356 INDEX OF NAMES. 
 
 jy\j see »x«.».l, w-Jj-iJJj^l 
 C..c^i j\^j (Bidar-Bakht) — 
 
 yZ-^s^i jSj^i \j\ef. «li jk«tt.^ 1206 — 9 
 ^Ce-j see ^\». jy 
 
 oUiiiU see jk«.».I, ^Ja.cl , j..^1, ;.*^l (ii), ^-^Jj^^j^t , ^b , 
 j^V* J^V (iO» j'->^V«?-. ^s^'v*-. j^'^. ''Jj-^^l ^si;, 
 
 jjly*. tflwilj see jlj>jly». 
 
 ^jjkM J*i)jfc. see j^\ 
 ^^^.fc. dli^b i;ee jtjijly^ 
 
 jljjly^ (Jahandar) — 
 ,jl;j». oIw^Ij di jljijlyfc. ^1^5 w'ol-e 877, 878 
 jljJlyOi. «Li j^jlft -jiftJI ^jI 879, Ac. 
 jtjk3lyj». «lw pi^lAJt ^t 878 
 ^J;JU dLi jUJlya- 884 
 jj-jU. «li>lj oli jU3l^^ 889
 
 INDEX OF NAMES. 357 
 
 ^^Jolyft. (Jahangir) — 
 JUUJl ^U oli j^\ o^^ *^ ^^-^ 288, 289 
 oli^b ^^t o^l j^O^o. c>i'>^\ jy ^li 290, 292 ff, 802, 
 
 318, 357, 402, 437, 473 
 ^jli oU;ib ^eJCilv*- JH).a-* Ch!->>" jy 291, 403 
 .li ^,^1 oU, ^.JCiV=^ C>iJJ' jy 297 ff., 308 ff, 317, 439, 
 
 467, 501 
 ^ilya- 6l^ 305,424,513 (see Index of Persian Distichs) 
 oli ^^1 *U, jS-A^ 306 f., 312 ff, 470, 502 
 jy ^£=1 oli ^31^ *li 310, 463, 488, 491 
 ^Cl^ oL:. C>-as- 319—321 
 fll^iU ^^1 oli^b j-pV?. 361 ff. 
 j^l «l^^ oU- ^i^v*. 370 ff. 
 
 j..^\ oU, ^JC^V*. «^ 460 
 
 see ^->dyi^ 
 
 ^^^ see ^jly«fc.dlij
 
 358 INDEX OF NAMES. 
 
 "•• J3^^ (Dawar Bakhsh) — 
 alw^b u~*^ Ji'-i j-A^a-oJI 3.,*' 527 
 OU^jjJt see ft^j 
 aJjjJI see a^j 
 ^j^l see J'iU., ^-yJs, K-^j-^, vV-") j^*^. >-^^ 
 
 wA».jjJI jlJj (Rafi'-ad-darajat) — 
 
 Olo-jj.)! 9. J J ji^ j,«w dJL^lwi, 937—944 
 
 Al^jkJI «,*5j (Rali'-ad-daulali) — 
 OW *'^ ,^j^ dl^iU 945, «Ssc. 
 ^lyo. «lw liJ^ oli^lj 950 
 
 jjj^t ff.l^-' see plyj (11) 
 j^Jlj ^j.i^ see i\^ 
 jjUftXw see ^jb , ^July^ 
 ^lJftA»~.)l see jj^\, jAj, ^j^jUa 
 ^9-Xw .«ee ^Jolyja. 
 ^jjJs>'i>.-Jt ji;w seo Cl^J^*
 
 INDEX OF XAMES. 359 
 
 « 
 
 <5li ^ee ol^ib, ^jAjjI, J^<^K x/^h j^^^j j-*^^ (^O) ^d-^Ji'i 
 
 ^ly^dUj, clsj^i, ^U alii, j,^^lc, ^Xo'S*-*, i'j-«, Ji^^^ 
 eiJ^ (J 5 ^ -^PP- ^58 — 71 
 (,aU) see j.*£» I 
 ^jlycfc. alw (Shuh-Jaban) — 
 
 jj-jU. 578 
 
 jJTjU dlwjlj ^L^c*. dlw Ji<.3.~« (>:!»>•" vV-* 528 ff- 
 
 ^^j\e. dU»ilj ^U ^Ij5 wo.L=> jL^H»>^ O-:?-'^" '^V'^ •'^30 
 ^jlft dli^lj OV^ *^ ;^^ O'j^ v-«».l-« j^=wo ^i-xll vV'-' 
 
 534 ff., 579 ff". 
 ij-jU dU>l. oW^^-i 541 ff"., 582, 622, 632, 651 
 ^J:Jlc oliilj (jl^a-dLi; ,<Jlj O'j^ w^^l-£> 669 
 j^jlj ^tji ,».-».lo 671, 678, 689. /S^e Index of Persian 
 
 DiSTICHS 
 
 jjlyft. oli (ii) «e« AjjjkJI «.-ij 
 ^l.^j>. ali (Sluih-Jahiui in) — 
 
 ^jjU oliiU oW »^ (OW^^) 1086—1092 
 j^jl^^ «lw see vlUs!i..j jl«>*J 
 cla^ (Slmja') — 
 
 ^jlji[w-.».l-tf] ijjjl^ olw^lj jL.«.ak.« tUi^w oLi O-**^' J"^[^] 
 ^ilj 690, 691 
 ^Uilw dlw see ^^jA^jI ; and <i.JiJJb\.Jj, dLLiyi 
 ^U ol.^ (Shah-' Alain) — 
 ol^jb ^JU oli j.^=^ aJI o-di ^-^^ 1093, 1096-7, 1122, 
 
 &c., and Appendix 
 «li^lj ^)U aU. j*.<,.sw.^ A)t ,j.ji L<"«^ Lj^!>^ w^fc-to 1094-5, 
 1098—1117, 1179—83
 
 360 INDEX OF NAMES. 
 
 ^U oli co7itinued : — 
 
 jj:jU dU^U j^\t oU 1118—21, 1155-6, 1158—65, 1167, 
 
 1184—86, App. 82 &c., 150—53 
 ^U oU, 1205a, App. 181—83 
 dlw^U ^Ic oU; App. 3 &c., 154 &c. 
 
 ^jLej dli-iyi see j-j£ily». 
 
 '>\j ^Iji w-^».L^ Net' j~^' (ii), oV'^' *^~'> f-^^r^^y ■^•o-^-'* 
 uV*?- u'/^ w-cfc-Us see itj-« 
 
 jiJaJI ^jl see «--*ij-^J3' 
 
 ^Jlc .N-ee ^Ic dlw, jilyj 
 ^-;£9^U see w-Jj«i^^Jj3' 
 ^Ss^'lc ('Alamgir ii) — ■ 
 
 ^CjU dUiU^£»^)lc 1059 &c. 
 
 ^jTjli oli^b J.X0JU jL^jw..« (>jjJl Jj/C JjkAM ^jI 1060, 
 1061, &c. 
 
 jjjjU dlw^lj j.Jlo-Hc dli o^«x'IJ^_/ft 1083-4 &c. 
 
 jj'^U dli^L; ;.;JC«.)U (j>jjJt JJJ.G. App. 101 «&c. 
 
 eli^b^C^JU 1068— 70a 
 
 ^^jU dU>lj^.£3^l,t App. 145 &c. 
 
 ^^^U 1077
 
 IXDEX OF XAMES. 361 
 
 ji\i (ii), jljkilye*., j.j^Jlyc»., a)j^!1 ^jSj, oW"^-" > 
 
 j.^^^j.s (Farrukli-siyar) — 
 
 j.^'i.jS j.j^ js^i dlwjlj 891, &c. 
 ^w~.ji 890 
 
 j.*^p-j.9 J^«,a».^ 900 
 
 ^jjjU dli;).>l,.i ^*«»p-j.s 903, &c. 
 J^-^i ^^=» (Kiim Baklish) — 
 
 4ji.^j jb\h> olw^b 852 
 
 jw<^=k.^ see ^-A^jl , /t^l , >*^' (i')' v*.0-^-'ji' > J-^W, j^^vr" (")> 
 
 ^A^st jk^iSk-^ see j.*^^\ 
 
 «l^ jk^a».^ (iMuhammad) — 
 
 ^jU <5l,w^b dli jk^iZb^ 958 &c. 
 
 j^jlc dUi^lj oLw jLo-Sk.^ Ls^^ O'^^ w-->»-U? 959 &c. 
 
 dli^'j oli jk«-a^« 970-7 
 
 3 a
 
 362 
 
 INDEX OF XAMES. 
 
 j^s!».j ^\j^ (Murad Bakhsh) — 
 
 i£jl£ «lw^b ^j^ca^ i[y* kX^a»^ O*:!*^' TtSJ"^ ^ft-Jn^l ^t 
 
 692 fF. 
 
 ^.jU jJuCw Jk-o-^.* cA=*":* i>l>* L5^V^ '^'"^ O!/* v-^-Lo 
 
 699 
 jala^S yj\ see jilyj (ii), j^t^, (jl^ja- alw, ^l;.-©, (j5i^-»* 
 jij^^\ see j^^, jj^i, O^^ 
 ^l^ see olw^lj 
 ^j^JI pr-^j-o »ee ^\j^ 
 
 \^j^\^ toj^Jt ^-tfU see j.*£9l, ,jlycwoli 
 j-i-)^ (Niku-siyar) — 
 
 ;3J see j.*dya., ^A^I 
 ^ly&. jy (Nur-Jahan) — 
 
 ^^^Cjj olij^b oV^ J3^ 513 ff. 
 ,j.jjJI j^i see ^-^l,^ 
 
 ^j^jl^ (Huniiiyun) — 
 
 ^_gjU oLi^lj ^^jLoA ^■ocw.-« 9, 10, lOrt 
 11, 20 
 
 iSJ^ O^iU* J^«-a^ >6;-S;jl ^jULaJI ^<^-£.'^)l ^LJaJ.,-.)t 
 
 12—17, 19, 21, 22 
 
 J^,»c^ O-tJ^'i^--'' «>?-' ■^J^<^^ O^-^^^' »JacN)l ^jlkJl^JI 
 
 (^jlc oliil.* ^^jl^A 18
 
 3(53 ) 
 
 IV. INDEX OF DENOMINATIONS, etc. 
 
 jY'* rT^'i ^^5 
 
 a5C^ 280— 81a, 285, 287/> 
 j^j:;U _5i 283, 286, 287« 
 ^C15 3:^ 284 
 
 oSLj 295, anr] ])assim 
 
 ^jUw> aC^ 854 &c. 
 
 ^^9 255, 256, 258 ff., 274 ff. 
 
 j^ 273, 306, 1062, 1078. ^e Ixdex of Persian 
 
 DiSTICHS. 
 
 jUJ 582, 632, 651, 669, 071, 678, 689, 715, 
 
 721, 889, 1077 
 \^ji^ ^H^ j'^ 1077 
 J 669, 678, 689 
 t 1062 
 5 App. 68-71
 
 ( 3Gi ) 
 
 V. INDEX OF FIGURES, etc. 
 
 Archer and veiled woman, 172 
 
 Cinquefoil, 1102-3, 1109—17, 1157, 1187, 1198a, 
 
 1210—16, 1221— 22, App.l, 5, 8-22, 28—54 
 
 Crown, App. 82— 8G 
 
 Dagger, 509 
 
 Duck, 173 ^ 
 
 Fish, 1119—20, 1129—32, 1137—52 i 
 
 Flag, 1118, 113G, 1137 J 
 
 Flower, 1132, 1142—52, App. GO | 
 
 Hawk, IGG '■ 
 
 Head, crowned, App. 81 ' ) 
 
 I 
 Horseman galloping, 79G, 79Ga 
 
 Jahangir, bust, 312 — 316 
 
 „ enthroned, 317 — 321 
 
 Lion, 312-316, 318—321, 1099—1101 | 
 
 Kose, App. 121-26 ' 
 
 Star, 1126-7, App. 28, 75—79, 85-6, 154—163, 178-9 
 
 Sun, 319—321, 1196 
 
 Tree, 1104-8 
 
 Umbrella, 1094—1120, 1135, 1138—41, 1210—16, 
 
 1221-2 
 
 Wreath of roses, thistles, and shamrocks, 1110 — 15
 
 INDEX OF FIGURES. 365 
 
 Zodiacal signs : — 
 
 Aries, 322, 323, 361—363, 386 
 Taurus, 324—329, 364—366, 387 
 Gemini, 330—333, 367—369, 388, 389 
 Cancer, 330a— 330c, 370, 371, 376, 390. 
 Leo, 334—338, 372, 373, 377, 385, 391 392 
 Virgo, 339—341, 378, 379, 393, 394 
 Libra, 342—345, 395, 396 
 Scorpio, 346, 347, 374, 380, 397 
 Sagittarius, 348, 349, 381, 398 
 Capricorn us, 350—354, 375, 382, 399 
 Aquarius, 355—357, 383, 400 
 Pisces, 358—360, 384, 401 
 
 1101—1120, 1145—47, 1164—68, 1176—79, 
 1181—83 
 
 U 1127—1144, 1148-9 
 fl| 1121 
 ^ 1133-4 
 -jjf- 1134 
 
 o\ 1156 
 il App. 73 
 y^ App. 98—100 
 A App. 51
 
 ( 366 ) 
 
 VI. INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTICHS. 
 
 AKBAR. 
 
 jj Lh' Lf-5/^' J"^^ ^^ Jv* J-r* 
 o^-t^ j^j j^' ^v-« 'j O^*"-'' 3 O-i^J ^ 
 The sun of the seal of Shjih Akbar is the glory of this gokl 
 Whilst earth and sky are illumined by the shining sun. 
 
 iV 160, 174 
 
 By the seal of Akbar Padiohah gold becomes bright : 
 On this gold the Shah's name is " light upon light." 
 
 N 157 
 
 Like the golden orb of sun and moon, may ever pass 
 In the world's West and East the stamp of Allahabad. 
 
 .St, 2J4-2546 
 
 JAHANGIR. 
 
 The lord of the realm struck money of gold. 
 Shah Sultan Sah'm, Akbai- Shah's [son]. 
 
 -fi 2fiS-9 
 
 Alade the face of gold to shine like the sun and moon 
 Shah Nur-ad-din Jahangir, son of Akbar Padishah. 
 
 Jf 290, 202-4. JR 402, 404, 409-10, 412, 414-15, 418, 421-2, 433, 415-6, 450, 463 
 
 *i 
 
 I
 
 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTICHS. 367 
 
 Money struck in the city of Agrah the Cassar, refuge of 
 
 the world, 
 Shah Niir-ad-din Jahangir, sou of Akbar Padishah 
 
 N 295-6. M 423, 426-7 
 dUj \^i> *^ Jio''^^ Ji ^^"^ Cyi^ i^i ^j 
 
 The Shah, refuge of the faith, put this stamp on gold at 
 
 Ajmi'r 
 Shjili Nur-ad-din Jahangir, son of Akbar Padishah. 
 
 iV 302 
 
 ^J\.^^ <Z^^j ^'vJ O^ C-^A Lj 
 O'jj -^V U~-i J'r* TJ^'v ^'*^"' O-:!' 
 
 To Shah Jahangir belongs the whirligig of Time ; 
 
 In Agrah by his name gold shines brightly : 
 
 So long as the pomp of the Five Guards * lasts in the world, 
 
 May the stamp of his Five-Mohrs be current. 
 
 iV 305 
 
 ib ^^l^j »xiW uV*?" ^ L51^' 
 In East and West may the stamp of Ahmadabad, 
 O God, while the world lasts, be current. 
 
 ^ 306-7 
 
 On the money of Lahore may there ever be 
 
 Light, by the name of Shah Jahangir, Shah Akbar's [son], 
 
 J^ 310. JR. 463, 469, 477, 483, 491, 494-6, 499-500, 50-1-6, 508 
 
 * i.e. The fire daily prayers.
 
 368 
 
 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTIGHS. 
 
 On the face of the golden coin^ ornainent and grace gave 
 
 The picture of Sh.ih Niir-ad-diu Jahangir, son of Akbar Shah. 
 
 The Shah, refuge of the faith, struck this coin of gold at 
 
 Ajmir, 
 Shah Niir-ad-din Jahangir, son of Akbar Padishah. 
 
 iV" 313 
 
 
 Destiny has drawn on money of gold 
 The portrait of his Majesty Shah Jahangir. 
 The letters of Jahuugir and Alliihu Akbar 
 Are equal in value from the beginning of time. 
 
 Jf 3i9.ai 
 
 The face of gold was decorated at Agrah 
 By Jahangir Sluih, Shah Akbar's [son]. 
 
 N 322-3; &c., M. 5C'3 
 
 The money of Agrah gave ornament to gold 
 By Jahangir Sluili,, Shah Akbar's [sou]. 
 
 N 324-G. &c. 
 *^>^ j'-^l (>:'' J^^'v^ c>d jJ' JJJ «^ 
 
 Money struck at Alimadabad, God's Paradise, 
 Shah Nur-ad-diu Juhaugir, son of Akbar Pddishiih. 
 
 ^ 3i7
 
 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTIGHS, 369 
 
 To the gold of Ahmadabad gave adornment 
 Jahaugir Shah, SLahanshah Akbar's [son]. 
 
 M 370-4 
 
 So long as the heavens revolve, current be 
 
 In the name of Shah Jahangir the money of Lahore. 
 
 M 424, 4:9-31, 443 
 
 Money struck at Ahmadabad by the blessings of God 
 Shah Nur-ad-din Jahangir, son of Akbar Padishah. 
 
 M 425, 475, 478. 483, 484, 492-3 
 
 In Isfandarmiz at Agrah this stamp struck on gold 
 The Shah of Shahs of the world, Shah Jahangir, sou of 
 Shah Akbar. 
 
 .ai 432, 435-6 
 
 The gold of Lahore in the month Bahman became like the 
 
 shining moon. 
 In the reign of Shah Nur-ad-din Jahangir, son of Shah Akbar. 
 
 M 437-8 
 
 J J A.x_w i»2«i« t i r? ^^».i j3 J^^A-9 ^l.^_c^ 
 •.aS) d^— _w ol ut jwk.X_) L_^_». ^\__J j^— I i 
 
 The light of the world at Ajmir became the money of gold 
 By the light of the name of Jahangir, Shah, Shah Akbar's [son]. 
 
 M 46) 
 3 B
 
 370 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTIGHS. 
 
 The money of Kandahar became beauteous 
 By Jahangir Shdh, Akbar Shah's [son]. 
 
 M 470-2, 481 2, 486 7, 4g0 
 
 JAHANGIR AND NtlR-JAHAN. 
 
 By order of Shah Jahangir a hundred beauties gained 
 Gold by tlie name of Nur-Jahan Padishah Begam. 
 
 ^ 613. M 614-626 
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. 
 
 Be the money of Shaiijahauabad current through the world 
 For ever by the name of the other " Lord of the Conjunction." 
 
 ^^ 586 
 
 MURAD BAKHSH. 
 
 Took the heritage of the " Lord of the Conjunction," Shah 
 
 JaliHG, 
 Murad Bakhsh Muhammad Shah, Second Alexander. 
 
 M 009 
 
 AURANGZIB 'ALAMGIR. 
 
 >ft*^ jv* 3^ OK^ j^ AJ **^*>' 
 
 ji^ ^[^ >^ij •^•Jj^' ^^ ^ 
 
 Struck money through the world like the shining sun 
 
 Shah Aurangzib 'Alamgir. 
 
 Jf 701, &c.
 
 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTICHS. 371 
 
 Struck money through the world like the shining moon 
 Shah Aurangzib 'Alamgir. 
 
 M 731, Ac. 
 
 A'ZAM SHAH. 
 
 Struck money through the world with might and majesty 
 Padishah of the realms A'zam Shah. 
 
 ^r 8 47-e, m 850-i 
 
 KAM BAKHSH. 
 
 ol__*3 Jk_A_i;^_». J-—^ >} AX.— < 
 
 Struck money on sun and moon [i.e. gold and silvor] 
 The Shah of the Deccan Kam Bakhsh Padishah. 
 
 JT ae?. M 863 
 
 JAHANDAR. 
 
 ^l ^ ». dUi^lj a'^ — 1> jl^ — i^— (r-^ 
 
 Struck money of gold like the sun the " Lord of the Con ■ 
 
 junction " 
 Jahandar Shiih, Padishah of the world. 
 
 IT 877 
 
 In the horizons sti'uck money like sun and moon 
 Abu-l-Fath Victorious Jahandar Shah. 
 
 N 879-884, J& 885-8
 
 372 INDEX OF PERSIAN DISTICHS. 
 
 FARRUKH-SIYAR. 
 
 Struck money of gold and silver by grace of The Truth 
 The Padishah of sea and land Farrukh - siyar. 
 
 Jf 690-99, M 906-936 
 
 RAFI'-AD-DARAJAT. 
 
 Struck money in India, with a thousand blessings, 
 Shah of Shdhs by sea and land Rafi'-ad-darajat. 
 
 /J' 937, M 938.44 
 
 NIKU- SIYAR. 
 
 Struck money through the world by grace of God 
 Muhammad Shah Padishah of the Age. 
 
 ir S63 
 
 IBRAHIM. 
 O^^—v '^ J^ ^j -«**«' j-^ ^ ^ — ' 
 
 ^Ublw «lw ^„9^j>jt «X«ato.i« ^.^lAJ 
 
 Money of silver struck through the world, 
 By favour of Muhammad, Ibrahim Shah of Shahs. 
 
 Jf 964-6, M S66.7 
 
 'ALAMGIR II. 
 
 «U^ ^^y-6 OW^ ^•^♦* J>~^ 0»AA J^ ij aSLj 
 
 Struck money in the seven climates shining like the sun and 
 
 moon 
 Shah 'Aziz-ad-din 'Alamgir Victorious Padishah. 
 
 jfT 1063, 1064, M 1080
 
 ( 373 ) 
 
 YII. MISCELLANEOUS INDEX. 
 
 aJUI J^j jL^a^* aWI ':^1 aJI *^J 1 ff., p. 6 note, 8 ff., 23 ff., 
 
 50 ff., 84 ff., 122 ff, 252a ff., 257, 291, 527, 528 ff, 
 
 578 ff, 621, 622, 690 ff 
 aJUI J^j.M j.,,^^ aXJI -nJI aJI *^ 1060, 1074a 
 aJU) j^j ^Xc idJUl J^-.j J^^a^ aJLM ^)I a)I "n) p. 5, no^e 
 ^ OWifi j.«.c j.5^J ^Jt 128 
 ^^-ojj^! ^Xc ^Ua)! ^;)UJic JjjU)! j.*6 JjJ^-^a)! jXj ^jI (or ly') 
 
 1 ff, 11 ff., 85 
 jjXc ijlia)! ^2jI«J^ JjjLft-JI j..»c j^jji-oil j.C> ^^1 (or l/t) 
 
 ^^iA 4JJI i^j ,j'fi4^oJI 23 
 
 O^-o^ Ci^'' J-^ J-^ 20, 21 
 
 aX)1 Ji j^^Xp ^XaJ (jU^ L^^i**^ >«•* *t^^■^' j>^ ,^j' C^*"^ 
 
 ^ 24 
 
 .ov^ 30 
 ^ft ^a» O^**^ Li^ssa^ >«* Jj^*J ^^ t^)?' 3'>^i 63, 66 ff., 
 
 86, 90 ff , 122 ff 
 
 aM\ 88 
 
 ^Xft ^ffXcj O^icvejjW ><^ J*^^ j^ (^' Jj^'^t' 530,588, 
 
 690 ff. 
 ^ ^U o^^ >»^»- >>^ J*^ >^ 5^' Jj^b 1060, 1074a 
 w>U».j,!jaj l^J O-* *'*J' Jj>^ ^^ 
 ^^1 aXU 82, 166, 173 
 aJ-^ J^ ^*£»I aJJI 163 ff, 176 ff., 253, 276
 
 374 MISCELLANEOUS INDEX. 
 
 aJJI »J£.\ 1 
 
 diCJl^ jJL». 50 
 
 aO* aJDI jd<i. 52 
 
 AiUftJL.^ AJCU aJUI j^JLo. p. 6, wo^e, 3 ff., 1061 
 
 aCI^ ^JIrj aJDI j^JLa. 18, 40 fF, 66 ff., 122 ff. 
 
 [AJUaL-^] jSXo ^i\su aJl)l j.JLb. 9, 12 ff, 24 ff, 90 ff 
 
 aJILA^^j <jXA-« aJ . . o ^_53l«j aJUI j^Jla. 23 
 
 0.-«^ U 389—321 
 
 ^4" 32 ff 
 
 *^' Ch^ er*^ J-^ <^:J^ J5~^ '^^'^ ji :>J ''^ 1093, &c.; 
 
 A pp. 1, &c. 
 j^Uj ^j aj;:- 1094, 1095, 1098-1107 
 ^y^ kZ'j^o-i-o i^^^ A^ 701, &c., ^jo^sm. 
 AJCJ C— aa-^flAi jjLi 2876 
 
 ,jj»^ 312-316, 580, 669 
 
 L5^bj 512 
 
 A^-^ 312—316, 318-321 
 
 yjf£. 63 
 
 ^l».y;jL« 63 
 
 Persian and Nagari inscriptions pp. 293, 295 
 
 Persian, Bengali and Nagari inscriptions pp. 292-3 
 
 Persian couplets. See Ijsdex of Persian Distichs. 
 
 Persian months, 163 ff. 
 
 Persian numerals, 255 — 272 ; 315 
 
 Plain reverse, 1044 
 
 United East India Company 1784, A pp. 28 
 
 1802, App. 81 
 
 1825, App. 85-6
 
 ( 375 ) 
 
 VIII. GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 l^Cross references are in square brackets.] 
 
 Abdallah, the Sayyid, xxxiv-vi 
 Abu-1-Fazl, xi, xiii, xiv, xvii, 
 
 liii, liv, lix, Ixi, Ixxii-lxxvi 
 
 \_Ain-i-AJchari, AkharnamaJi] 
 Abu-Sa'id, vii 
 Adhelah, Ixxiv, Ixxvi, xcii 
 'Adil Shah, Iviii 
 'Adlgutkah, Ixxiii 
 Addni, Iviii 
 Afghanistan, viii, ix, xxiv, xl, 
 
 xli, liv 
 Afghans, xi, xxi, xxxii, xxxviii- 
 
 xl 
 Aftabi, Ixxiii, Ixxv 
 Agrah, ix, x, xii, xxii, xxiii, 
 
 xxiv, ixvi, xxxi, xxxii, Jiii, 
 
 Ivii, lix, Ixix, Ixxix, xcii 
 Ahmad Shah, xxxviii, xlii, Iviii, 
 
 216-20 
 Ahmad Shah Durrani, xxxviii- 
 
 xli 
 Ahmadabad, xii, xxxi, li, liii, 
 
 Ivii 
 Ahmadnagar, xiii, xiv, xxxi 
 Ain-i-Akhari, xiii. liii, lix, Ixi, 
 
 Ixxii, xcii, xciii [Abu-l-Fazl'] 
 Ajajapur (Bakror), Iviii 
 Ajmir, xxii, xxxi, liii, lix 
 Akbar, vii, viii n., xi, xlvi, li- 
 
 liv. Ivi, iix, Ixi-lxiv, Ixv-lxviii, 
 
 Ixxii-lxxvi, Ixxix, 11-55 
 
 Akbar, son of Aurangzib, xxix 
 Akbar ii,, Muhammad, xliii, ex, 
 
 260 
 Akbarabad, xxxi, liv, Ivi, Ivii 
 Akbarnagar (Rajmahall), xxxi, 
 
 liv 
 Akbarnagar-Oudh, Iviii 
 Akharndmah of Abu-l-Fazl, xi 
 Akbarshahi, Ixxiv-v 
 Allahabad, xxxi, xxxiv, xxxix, 
 
 liii, Ivi, c 
 Allahabad, treaty, xlii, c 
 Allaliu Akbar, xv 
 'Alam \_SMh.'Alam] 
 'Alamglr ii,, xl, Iviii, xciv, cvi, 
 
 cvii, 221-7 
 'Alamgirnagar, Iv 
 'Alamgirpur, liv, Iv 
 'All Ahmad, engraver, lix, 
 
 Ixxiii 
 All Gaur (Shah-' Alam), xli 
 Ali Mardan, xxiv 
 Aliverdi [Ildhwirdi] 
 Almonds as coins, xc 
 Alwar, liii 
 
 Ambar, Raja of, xxvi 
 Arair-ai-Umara, xvi, xxxix 
 Amirs, xvi 
 
 Anagram of Jahangir, Ixx 
 Antiquary, Indian, xci 
 Aquarius, Ixxxii, Ixxxiii
 
 376 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Archaeological Survey [Cun- 
 ningham] 
 
 Archaeological Survey of Panjab, 
 coins, xliv, xlv 
 
 Archer .ind woman, Ixxix 
 
 Arjmand Banu, xxiii 
 
 Arkat (Arcot), li, Iviii, xciv, c, 
 cv-cvii, cxvi, 284-7, 296 
 
 Asad Khan, xxxii, xxxiii 
 
 Asaf-ad-daulah, ex 
 
 Asaf Jah, Nizam, xxxvii 
 
 Asaf Khan, xxi, xxiii, xxiv 
 
 Asirgarh, xiii, li, liii, Ixxix 
 
 Asht, Ixxiv, Ixxvi 
 
 Atak, liii 
 
 Atkins, Coins of British Posses- 
 sions, civ 
 
 Atkinson, James, xviii 
 
 Atmah, Ixxiii 
 
 Aurangabad, xxxi, liv, Ivii 
 
 Aurangzib 'Alamgir, vii, xxiv, 
 XXV, xxvi-xxxii, xlvi, li, liv, 
 Iv, Ivii, Iviii, Ixii, Ixix, Ixxi, 
 Ixxxix, xcviii, 138-161 
 
 A'zam, xxix, xxxii-iii, Iv, Iviii, 
 162-3 
 
 A'zamnagar, Iv, Iviii 
 
 'Azim-ash-Shan, xxxiv, xxxv, Iv, 
 Iviii 
 
 'Azimabad, Iv, Iviii 
 
 Bab-al-Hajj, lix 
 
 Babar, vii-xi, xlvi, Ixv, Ixxvi, 
 
 5-7 
 Bacchanalian coins, xviii, Ixxx-i 
 Badakhsbau, viii, ix, xiii 
 Badam, xc 
 Badaon, liii 
 Badaoni, xi, lii 
 
 Bahadur, xxviii, xxxii-iv, Iviii, 
 xcix, 166-174 
 
 Bahadur II, xliii, Ixxxvi, ex, 261 
 
 Bahadurpatan, Iv 
 
 Bahloli, Ixxiv 
 
 Bahrah, liii 
 
 Bairam Khau, xii 
 
 Bairatah (Vairata), liv 
 
 Bakror (Ajayapur), Iviii 
 
 Baksar, xli, c 
 
 Baldat al-Fakhirah, lix 
 
 Balwant Singh, cii 
 
 Bandar al- Mubarak, lix 
 
 Bangash Pathans, xxxix 
 
 Banks, Miss S. S., coins, xliv, xlv 
 
 Barailf, xxxi, Iviii 
 
 Barodaj xii 
 
 Beast fights, xx 
 
 Benares, liii, Iviii, ci-iii, cx-xi, 
 276-7, 295 
 
 Bengal, ix, xi, xii, xxi, xxvi, 
 xxxi, xli-ii, li, liii, iv, xc, 
 xcix-cxiv, 292-4 
 
 Bengal Asiatic Society, coins, 
 xliv, xlv 
 
 Bengal Asiatic Society, Journal, 
 xxxix, liii, Ixviii, Ixxv, Ixxxvi, 
 xci 
 
 Bengal Asiatic Society, Proceed- 
 ings, xxxi, lix, Ixxxii, ixxxiv, 
 Ixxxv, Ixxxviii 
 
 Bengalah (Dhakka), liv 
 
 Berar, xiii, xxxi, li 
 
 Bernier's Travels, ed. A. Con- 
 stable, xxiii, XXV, xxxi, Ixxxix 
 
 Bhakkar xxxi, liii 
 
 Bhurtpiir, xxxiii 
 
 Biana, xxxi 
 
 Bidar, xxxi 
 
 Bidar-Bakht, xiii, 259
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 377 
 
 Bihar, ix, xxxi, xxxiv, xxxix, 
 
 xli-xlii 
 Bijapur, xxiii, xxxi, xxxiii, Ivii, 
 
 Iviii, lix 
 Bijapur, princess, Ixxx 
 Binsat, Ixxiii 
 Birdwood, Sir G., Report on Old 
 
 Records of tli e India Office, xcviii 
 Blochmann, Dr. H., Ain-i ATc- 
 
 lari lix, Ixxii 
 Bode, De, coins, xlv 
 Bombay, xc, xcvii-ix, ciii-vi, 
 
 cxii, 278-80 
 Bombay Branch of Asiatic 
 
 Society, coins^ xliv, xlv 
 Bombay Branch of Asiatic 
 
 Society, Journal, Ixxxiv 
 Budgerookes, xcviii 
 Biilaki, xxiii 
 
 Burgess, James, coins, xliv 
 Burhanpur, xii, xiii, xxxi, li, Ivii, 
 
 lix, Ixvi 
 Burmah xxvi 
 Burnell, A, C, xc 
 Burnes, coins, xlv 
 Bush, Col. Tobin, coins, xliv, xlv 
 Buxar (Baksar), battle, xli, c 
 
 Calcutta, xcix-cxiv, 277, 291 
 Cambay(Khanbait), xii, xxxi, Ivii 
 Cashmere [^Kashmii"^ 
 Catalogue of Indian Coins (S. 
 
 Lane-Poole), xlvi, Ixviii 
 Catalogue of Oriental Coins 
 
 (S. LanC' Poole), xlvi, lix 
 Catalogue of Rersian Coins 
 
 (R. S. Poole), xxxviii, xliv, Ixxi 
 Catrou, Fran9ois, xxv 
 Chahiirgoshah, Ixxiii, Ixxv 
 Chanderi, ix 
 
 Charles II., xcvii 
 
 Charn, Ixxiv, Ixxvi 
 
 Charters of East India Company ^ 
 
 xcvi-viii 
 Chatgaon (Chittagong), xxx', 
 
 Iviii 
 Chin Kulich Khan, Nizam, 
 
 xxxvi-vii 
 Chinapatan, Ivii 
 Chingis (Jengliiz) Kaan, viii 
 Chitor, xii 
 
 Chittagong, xxxi, Iviii 
 Christianity in Hindustau, xv, 
 
 xxi, xxiv, xxv, Ixxix 
 Chugal, Ixxiii 
 Chutia Nagpur, Iviii 
 Ciuquefoil, Company's badge, cix, 
 
 cxiii, 234 
 Colonial coinage, xciv 
 Compagnie des Indes, c, cvii 
 Company, East India, xcv-cxiv, 
 
 234, 265-96 
 Company, East India, arms, cix 
 Constable's Oriental Miscellany, 
 
 xxiii, xxv, xxxii, Ixxxix 
 Copper coinage, xc-xciv, 262-3, 
 
 291-6 
 Cowries, xc 
 Cracherode, Eev. C. M., coins, 
 
 xliv, xlv 
 Crescent of Poudicherry, c, cvii 
 Crore (Karor), xvi, n 
 Crow, Mr., Ixxxiii 
 Crown on Surat coins, cxii, 281 
 Cunha, Da, coins, xliv, xlv 
 Cunningham, Gen. Sir Alexander, 
 
 xliv, xlv, liv, Iviii, Ivxxxiii 
 Cuttack [Katali^ 
 
 Dakhin [Decca7i] 
 
 3 c
 
 378 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Dam, Ixxii, Ixxiv, xci-iv 
 Dames, Lougworth, xxxix 
 Damra, xci-iv 
 Damri, Ixxiv, xci-iv 
 Dandesh, xiii 
 Daniyal, xiii, xviii, Ixxx 
 Dav-al-Amati (Multan), lix 
 Dar-al-Khair (Ajmir), lix 
 Dar-al-Kbilafali (Dehli), lix 
 Dar-al-Mulk (Kabul), lix 
 Dar-as-Saltanah (Lahore), lix 
 Dar-az-Zafar (Bijapur), lix 
 Data Shikoh, xxv, xxvi 
 Darb, Ixxiv, Ixxvi 
 Daiogah, lix 
 Dasa, Ixxiv 
 Daud, xii 
 
 Daulatabad (Deogir), xiii, Ivi 
 Dawar Bakhsh, xxiii, 103 
 Deccan, ix, xiii, xiv, xxi, xxiii, 
 
 xxvii, xxix, xxxiii, xxxvi, 
 
 xxxvii, Ivi, Ivii, Iviii, xcix, c 
 Dehli, ix, xi, xii, xxiv, xxv, xxvi, 
 
 xxxi, xxxii, XXXV, xxxvii-ix, 
 
 xlii, liii, lix, Ixxxix 
 Delmerick, J. G., Ixxv, Ixxxvi 
 Deogir, Ivi 
 
 Dhakka, xiv, xxxi, liii, c, cxiii 
 Dhan, Ixxiii 
 
 Dharmatpur, battle, xxvi 
 Dilshadabad, Iv 
 Din Ilahi, xvi 
 Diu, siege, Ivi 
 Diwan-i Khas, xv 
 Diwani, xlii, Iv 
 
 Dogam, D6gaii'w,Deogaou,liii,liv 
 Dowson, Professor J., liv [Elliot] 
 Diesden cabinet, Ixxxviii, Ixxxix 
 Drinking habits of Moghuls, x, 
 
 xiii, xvii, xviii, xx, xxxiv 
 
 Duab, xxxix, Iviii, cii 
 Duck on coin of Akbar, Ixxix 
 Durbar, xx 
 Durranis, xxxviii-xl 
 
 East India Company, xciv-cxiv, 
 
 234, 2C5-96 
 ED. v'mn 
 
 Eden collection, xliv, xiv 
 Egret, Ixxx 
 Elichpur, xiii 
 
 EUenborough, Lord, Ixxxvi 
 Elliot, Sir H. M., and Prof. 
 
 Dowson, History of India, viiiji, 
 
 &c. 2^ttssim 
 English, xxix, xxxv, xli-xliii, 
 
 234, 265-96 
 Eras, Ixi-lxiv 
 Erskine, W., viii, ix 
 Etawah, xxxi, cxviii 
 
 Faizi's ruba'is, Ixxiii 
 Falcon or hawk, Ixxix 
 Farghanah, viii 
 Farrukhabad, xxxix, Iv, Iviii, ci- 
 
 ciii, cxiv, 274-5 
 Farrukh-siyar, xxxv, xlvi, 11, Iv, 
 
 Iviii, xcix, 179-190 
 Fathgarh, cii 
 Fathpi'ir Sikri, xiii, li, liii, Ixvii, 
 
 Ixxv, Ixxvii 
 Forgeries, Ixxxiii-iv 
 French Compagnie des Indes, c, 
 
 cvii, 288-9 
 Frere, Sir Bartle, coins, xliv, xiv 
 Fulus, ixxvi, xci 
 
 Ganga dynasty, Ixxxviii 
 Gangpiir, Iviii, Ixxviii 
 Garrah Mandlah, cii
 
 GENERAL IXDEX. 
 
 379 
 
 Gaiir, 'All (Sbiih-'Alam), xli 
 George III. coins, xlv 
 George, Fort St., xcix, c 
 Ghazi-ad-din, xxxix-xli 
 Ghulam Kadir, xlii 
 Gibbs, James, xliv, xlv, Ixxxii, 
 
 Ixxxiv 
 Gird, Ixxiii 
 
 Golkondab, xxiii, xxxi, Ivii 
 Gondwana, xxxi 
 Gorakbpur, liii 
 
 Grant, A., collection, xliv, xlv 
 Greenwicb, Bombay beld as of 
 
 the manor of East, xcvii 
 Gujarat, ix, xi, xii, xxvi, xxxix, 
 
 li, Ixviii 
 Guthrie, Col. C. S., coins, xliv, xlv 
 Guti, li, Iviii, Ixxvii 
 Gwalior, xii, liii 
 
 Hadi, Muhammad, xviii, xix 
 Haidarabad, xxxi, xxxiii, xxxiv, 
 
 li, Iviii 
 Hakluyt Society, xviii, lix, 
 
 Ixxxix, xc 
 Hardwai', liii 
 Hawk of Asir, Ixxix 
 Hawkins, Sir Richard, xviii 
 Plawkins, William, xviii, xxi, 
 
 Ixxxix 
 Hay, Major, coins, xliv, xlv 
 Hedges, Sir W., lix 
 Herbert, Sir Thomas, xxi 
 Hijiab, xxi, xxvii, Ixi-lxiv, cvi, 
 
 cvii, cviii, cxiii 
 Himu, xii 
 Hindu princesses, xsviii, xxix, 
 
 XXXV, xxxviii, xl 
 Hindus, X, xxiii, xxvi, xxviii 
 Hisar Firozab, liii 
 
 Holkar, xxxviii, xl 
 
 Humayun, xi, xlvi, Ixv, Ixxvi, 
 
 8-10 
 Hunter, Sir W. W., xliii, cxii 
 Husain, the Sayyid, xxxiv-vi 
 Hyderabad [Haidarabad] 
 
 'Ibiidat Khanah, xv 
 Ibrahim, xxxvii, 198 
 Ibrahim Lodi, ix 
 Ikhdl-ndmah of Mu'tamad Khan, 
 
 xxii 
 lUiliabas, liii, Ivi [Alldhdbdd'] 
 Ilahi era, xiii, xxi, xxvii, Ixi-lxiv, 
 
 Ixvii, 32 
 Ilahi mohr, Ixxiii-v 
 Ilahi years of Akbar, table of, Ixii 
 Imtiyazgarh, Iviii, Ixxvii 
 India Government, coins, xliv,xlv 
 India Office Collection, xliv, xlv 
 India Office Eecords [Birdwood.l 
 Indrapur (Indore), Iviii 
 Inscriptions of coins, Ixv, fF 
 Islamabad (Chittagong), xxxi, 
 
 Iviii 
 
 Ja'far Khan, Murshid Kuli, Iv 
 Jahan-Kumpani (John Company), 
 
 xcvi 
 Jaban-Shah, Khujistah Akhtar, 
 
 xxxiv 
 Jahan, Sbi'ih [Shdh-Jahdn'] 
 Jabandar, xxxiv-v, 175-8 
 Jabaugir, xvii-xxii, xlvi, liv, Ivii 
 
 Ixiv, Ixviii, Ixx, Ixxv, Ixxx- 
 
 Ixxxiv, 56-102 
 Jabangir's Memoirs, xvii, xviii 
 Jahangiti tankas, Ivii 
 Jahangirnagar (Dhakka, Benga- 
 
 lab), xxxi, liv, Ixxvii
 
 380 
 
 OENEEAL INDEX. 
 
 Jahangirpur, liv 
 
 Jai Mai, xii 
 
 Jaipur, Iviii 
 
 Jai Singh, xxvi, xxix 
 
 Jai Singh Siwai, Iviii 
 
 Jalalah, Ixxiv, Ixxvi 
 
 Jalandar, liii 
 
 Jalasiir, xii 
 
 Jalla JaUluhn, xv, Ixvii 
 
 James II., Letters Patent, xcviii 
 
 Jangar, Ivi 
 
 Jaswant Singh, xxvi, xxix 
 
 Jats, xxxiii, xxxviii-ix 
 
 Jaunpiir, xii, liii 
 
 Jesuits, xxi, xxiii 
 
 Jikkah, Ixxx 
 
 Jodhpur, Rjija of, xxxv 
 
 John Baptist, S., pictures of, Ixxix 
 
 Journal of Indian A rt,xc\ in, c,ci\ 
 
 Julus, Ixii, Ixxi 
 
 Junagarh, xii, xxxi, Iv-lvi 
 
 Kabul, viii, xi, xiv, xxxi, xxxii, 
 
 xxxvii, li, liii, liv, lix 
 Kachh, Ixviii 
 Kala, Ixxiv 
 Kalanwar, liii 
 
 Kalinaah, xv, Ixv-lxviii, Ixx, Ixxi 
 Kalpi, X, liii 
 Kam Bakhsh, xxix, xxxiii-iv, xl, 
 
 li, Iviii, xcix, 164-5 
 Kanauj, liii 
 Kandahar,xiii, xxi, xxiv,xxxvii, 
 
 xxxix, liv, Ixxvii 
 Karamnasa, xii 
 Karnol, battle, xxxvii 
 Karrah, properly Imtiyazgarh, 
 
 Iviii 
 Kashmir, xiii, xiv, xxii, xxiv, xxxi, 
 
 xlvi,lii> liii, liv, Ixvi, Ixvii, Ixxvii 
 
 Katak (Cuttack), Ixxvii 
 Kathlawar, xii, Ivi 
 Keene, H. G., Mist, of Hindu- 
 stan, ix, xiii, xiv, xxii, xxx, 
 xxxix 
 Keene, H. G., Fall of the 
 
 Mughal Empire, xiii 
 Khafi Khan, xxv, xxvi, xxix, 
 
 xxxiii-vii, Iviii, ixiii, xcviii 
 Khakan, Ixvi 
 
 Khalifs, the four, Ixv-lxvii 
 Khanbiiit (Cam bay), xii, xxxi, Ivii 
 Khandcsh, xii, xiii, xxxi, li 
 Khujistah Akhtar, xxxiv, xxxvi 
 Khiijistah-bunyad, Ivii 
 Knight, R. Payne, coins, xliv, xiv 
 Khurram (Shah- Jahan), xxi, Ixix 
 Korah (Kiira), xiii, Iviii, c 
 Kror (crore, Karor), xvi/i 
 Kunduz, ix 
 Kuni (Korah), Iviii 
 
 Lahore, viii, xi, xxii, xxiv, xxxi, 
 xxxvii-ix, li, liii, liv, lix, Ixvi, 
 Ixvii, Ixix 
 
 Lakab, Ixv 
 
 Lake, Lord, xiii, cix, 234 
 
 Lakh, xvi« 
 
 La'l-i Jalali, ixxiii-v 
 
 Letters Patent, xcvii-xcviii 
 
 Leyden, J., viiin 
 
 Lily, Ixxiv 
 
 Linschoten, J. H. van, xc 
 
 Lion on Jahaugir's coins, Ixxx 
 
 Lion on Shah-'Alam's coins, cix, 
 234 
 
 Little, Capt., Narrative of opera- 
 tions, Ix, Ixxxiii 
 
 Local coinage, cxv-cxix 
 
 Local copper, xc, 262-3 
 
 i
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 381 
 
 Lodi, Ibrahim, ix 
 Lozenge coins, Ixvii 
 Lucknow, xxxi, liii, Iviii 
 Lucknow rupee, cii, ciii 
 Lunar reckoning of time, Ixi-lxiv 
 
 Macbhlipatan (Masulipatan), Ivii, 
 
 cvii, 290 
 Madras, Ivii, xcix, cvi, evil 
 JNJahabat Khan, xxi 
 Mahdi, expected, Hi 
 Maksud, engraver, Ixxii 
 Maksusabad(Murshidabad), xxxi, 
 
 Iv 
 Maldive Islands, xc 
 Malik al-Mulk, Ixviii 
 Malpur, liv 
 Malwah, ix, xi, xii, xxxix, liii, 
 
 Iviii, Ixvii 
 Mamluks, xvi 
 Man, Ixxiv 
 
 Mandelslo, J. A. de, xxv, Ivi, xc 
 Mandu, liii 
 
 Manouchi, xxv, xxxii, Ixxxix 
 Maurique, Sebastian, Itinerario, 
 
 xxiv, xxv 
 Mansabdars, xvi 
 Marathas, xxi, xxix, xxxiii, xxxv- 
 
 xlii, cix, 23i 
 Marsdeu, William, xliv,xlv,lxxxii- 
 
 Ixxxiv, Ixxxviii, ci, civ, ex, 234 
 Martine, Col., Ixxxiv 
 Marwar, xxiii 
 Masulipatan, Ivii, cvii, 290 
 Medals and large coins, Ixxxvii- 
 
 Ixxxix 
 Memoirs of Babar, viiiri, ix, x, xi 
 Memoirs of Jahangir, xvii, xviii 
 Mihrabi coins, Ixvii, Ixxiii, Ixxv 
 Milled edges, table of, ciii 
 
 Millennium coins, Hi 
 
 Mint processes, lix, Ix 
 
 Mint cities, list of, xlvii-1 
 
 Miran Shah, viii 
 
 Moghul Emperors, pedigree, face 
 
 viii 
 Moghul Emperors, list of, 3 
 Moghuls, ix«, xxxiii, xxxvi 
 Mohr, [Muhr\ 
 
 Months, Persian names of, Ixi 
 Moor's Narrative of Little's De- 
 tachment, Ix, Ixxxiii 
 Mu'azzam (Bahadur), xxviii, 
 
 xxix, xxxii, Iv 
 Mu'azzamabad, Iv 
 Muhammad, general name, xi 
 Muhammad [^Akhar II.'] 
 Muhammad, son of Auranazfb. 
 
 xxix 
 Muhammad Shah, xxxvi-viii, 
 
 xlvi, Iviii, ciii, civ, 199-215, 
 
 278-9 
 Muhammad Sultan, vii 
 Muhammad ibn Taghlak, Ivi 
 Muhammadabad (Benares), 349 
 Muhammadabad (Udaipur), li 
 Muhr, mohr, Ixxii, Ixxiii, xci-iv 
 Muhr-an-Nisa, xix 
 Mu'ini, Ixxiii, Ixxv 
 Multan, xxxi, xxxix, liii, lix 
 Munbai (Bombay), ciii, 278-80 
 Mun'im Ivhan, xxxii 
 Munro, xli 
 Mmitakhah - al - luhdb of Khafi 
 
 Khan, xxvw, 
 Murad, son of Akbar, xiii 
 Murad Bakhsh, xxv, xxvi, liv, 
 
 Ivii, 13G-7 
 Muradabad, liv, Iviii 
 Murshid Kuli Khan, Iv
 
 382 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Miirshidabad, xxxi, xxxv, li, Iv, 
 Iviii, c, ciii, cxii-xiv, 267-73 
 
 Mustakan-al-Khilafah (Agrah)^ 
 lix 
 
 Mu'tamad Khan, xxii 
 
 Nadir Shah, xxxvii-viii 
 
 Nagor, liii 
 
 Najaf, Mirzii, xlii 
 
 Najib-ad-daulah, xl, xli, Iv, xc 
 
 Najibabad, Iv, ex 
 
 Narnol, xxxi 
 
 Nasratabiul, Iv 
 
 Nauroz, xxviii 
 
 Nawab of Bengal, xli, c, cxiii, 
 
 cxiv 
 Nawab of Oudh, xl, cii, ex, cxi 
 Nawab of Surat, cxii 
 ]Sazar, Ixxxvi 
 
 Nazzarnaua medals, Ixxxviii 
 Niku-siyar, xxxvi, 197 
 Nim dam, xciii 
 Nisarp, Ixxxv-ix, cix 
 NiziioQ-ad-diu, Tabakdt-i Akbari, 
 
 ix, xi 
 Nizam-al-mulk, xxxvii 
 Noble, premier, xvi 
 " Normal," xix 
 Numismatic Chronicle, xxxviii, 
 
 xxxix 
 Nur-Jahaa or Mahall, xix, xxi, 
 
 xxiij xxvii, Ixix, Ixxxi, 99- 
 
 102 
 Nur-i Shahi, Niir-i Jahan, etc., 
 
 Ixxvi 
 
 Oliver, E. E., liii 
 Orissa, xii, xxxix, xli-xlii 
 Ottoman siege of Din, Ivi 
 Oudh, xxxi, xxxix, xl, liii, iviii 
 
 Padishah Ghazi, Ixvi-lxx 
 
 Paisah (pais), Ixxiv, xci, 292ff. 
 
 Pandan, Ixxiv 
 
 Pandu, Ixxiv 
 
 Panj, Ixxiv 
 
 Paujab, viii, ix, xxxii, xxxiii, 
 
 xxxvii-ix 
 Paujab Archaeological Survey, 
 
 coin?, xliv, xlv 
 Piinipat, battles at, ix, xii, xli 
 Pantheism, xv, xvi 
 Piithans, viii, xi, xii, xxxix 
 Patnali, xxxi, li, liii, liv, Iv, Ixvi, 
 
 c, cxiii 
 Piiulah, Ixxiv, xciii 
 Pavet de Courteille, viii, n. 
 Pearse, Gen., coins, xlv 
 Persian distichs, Ixviii 
 Persian numerals, Ixiv 
 Persians, xxi, xxiv, xxxii, xxxiv 
 
 xxxvii, ff 
 Persian months, Ixi-lxiv, Ixvii 
 Peslu'iwar, liii 
 
 Pice, xcviii, 292ff. [PaisaJi.'] 
 Pinkerton's Collection of Voyagen^y 
 
 xvii, xviii, xx, xxii 
 Plassey (Pabisi), battle, xli 
 Playfair, coins, xlv 
 Pondicherry, c, cvii 
 Poni, xc 
 
 Portcullis coins, xcvi 
 Portraits, ix, xvii, xxii, xxiii, 
 
 xxiv, IxxixfF, G3 
 Portuguese, xxi 
 Price, Major David, xviii 
 Prinsep, James, collection, xliv, 
 
 xlv 
 Prinsep, James, Useful Tables, 
 
 xcvi, c-cxix 
 ! Provinces, xii, xiii, xxii, xxxi
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 383 
 
 Rabf, Ixxiv, Ixxv 
 Rafi'-ad-darajat, xxxvi, Iv, Iviii, 
 
 191-3 
 Rafi-ad-daulah, xxxvi, 194-6 
 Rafi'-ash-Shan, xxxiv 
 Rahas, Ixxiii 
 Rajmahall (Akbarnagar), xxxi, 
 
 liv 
 Rajputana, ix, xii, xxxix, liv 
 Rajputs, ix, xii, xvii, xxiii, xxvi, 
 
 xxix, xxxiii, xxxv, xxxviii, li 
 Rangoon, xliii 
 Rantambhor, xii, liii 
 Rapson, E. «T., cxix 
 Revenue, xxv 
 Richardson, Ixxxviii 
 Rieu, Dr. C, cxix 
 Rodgers, C J., xxxi, xxxviii, 
 
 xxxix, liii, Ixviii, Ixxxv, xci- 
 
 xciii 
 Roe, Sir Thomas, xvii, xviii, xx, 
 
 xxi, xxii, Ivi 
 Robaui w^riting, Ixvi 
 Rohilas, xxxviii-xl, Iv 
 Rose, Ixxiv, Ixxvi 
 Rose of Calcutta, c, cvii 
 Rupee (rupih), xviw, ixxii, Ixxiv, 
 
 xcviii, xcix 
 
 Sa'd- Allah, xxiv 
 
 Safdar Jang, xxxix, xl 
 
 Sagar, cii, ciii 
 
 Sabaranpiir, xxxiii, xl, liii 
 
 Sahib Kiran Saui, Ixix 
 
 Salim Shjih Ixviii, Ixxxix [Ja- 
 
 hdngir'\ 
 Salimi, half-mohr, Ixxiii, Ixxiv 
 Samarkand, viii 
 Sambal, liii 
 Sanka Raua of Udaipur, ix 
 
 Siirangpur, liii 
 
 Sarraf, lix 
 
 Sayyids of Barlia, xxxiv- vi 
 
 Shahabad, Iviii 
 
 Shah-'Alam, xli-xliii, xlvi, Iv, 
 
 Iviii, xciv, c-cxix, 231-58 
 Shah-Jahan, x, xxi, xxii-xxvi, 
 
 xlvi, Ixiv, 104-134 
 Shah-Jahan II., xxxvi, Iv-lvi, 
 
 228-30 
 Shjih-Jahan III., xii 
 Shahjahanabad, xxiv, xxvi, xxxi, 
 
 xxxviii, liv 
 Shahriyar, xxii, xxiii 
 Shaibani, viii 
 Sher Shah, xi, xii, xiv 
 Shi'ah, Hi 
 Sholapur, xxxi, Iviii 
 Shuja', xxv, xxvi, xxix, Ivii, 
 
 135 
 Shnjti'-ad-daulah, xl, xii, ex, cxi 
 Sialkot, liii 
 Sihansah, Ixxii 
 Sikhs, xxxiii, xxxv 
 Sikkachi, lix 
 Sikkah rupee, ciff. 
 Sikri, li \_Fathpur] 
 Sind, xl 
 
 Sindhia, xxxix, xl, Ixxxviii-ix 
 Sinij-ad-daulah, c 
 Sirhind, xxxi, xxxiii, liii 
 Sironj, liii 
 Sitapur, liii 
 Siva's trident, c, cvii 
 Siwiii-Jaipur, Iviii 
 Siyar-al-mutaakhirin, xxxv iii 
 Solar year, xiii, xxi, xxvii, Ixi-iii 
 Solar worship, Ixxx 
 Southern Indian Coinage, Ixxvii, 
 
 Ixxxv
 
 384 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Square coins, Ixvii, Ixxiii 
 
 Srinagar, lix 
 
 Stavorinus, Adm. J. S., xc 
 
 Stubbp, coins, xlv 
 
 Subahs, xxxi 
 
 Siibahs, Eastern, xlii, liv 
 
 Suki, Ixxiv 
 
 Sulaiman, Ottoman Sultan, Ivi 
 
 Sultan, Ixvi 
 
 Sumni, Ixxiv 
 
 Sun-worship, xv 
 
 Surat, xii, xxxi, liii, Ivi, Ivii, lix, 
 
 xc, xcviii, civ, cxii, 281-3 
 Siirat (Soret) district, Ivi 
 
 Tahalidt-i Akbari, ix, xi, xii, liii 
 
 Ta'lik character, Ixvi 
 
 Taj-Mahall, xxiii 
 
 Taudah, liii 
 
 Tankah, Ivii, Ixxvi, xci-iv 
 
 Tanki, xci-iv 
 
 Tarikh-i 'Alamgir Sam, xl 
 
 Tankh-i Alfi, Hi 
 
 Tattah, xxxi, li, liv, 37 
 
 Tauhid Ilahi, xvi 
 
 Tavernier, Travels, xxiv, xxv, 
 Ixxxi, Ixxxviii 
 
 Terry, Edward, Voyage, xxi, xxii 
 
 Theobald, W., coins, xlv 
 
 Thomas, Edward, collection, xliv, 
 xlv 
 
 Thomas, Edward, Chronicles of 
 the Pathdn Kings, Ixxii, 
 Ixxxviii, xcii 
 
 Thousand, Era of, lii 
 
 Thurston, E., Hist, of the Coin- 
 age of the East India Company, 
 xciv ff 
 
 Tibet, xxiv 
 
 Tiele, P. A,, xc 
 
 Tfmiir f Tamerlane), vii, viii, ix- 
 
 xvii 
 Titles of Emperors, Ixix 
 Todar Mai, xiv, liv, Ixv 
 Tolah, Ixxvi, Ixxxviii, xcii 
 Transoxiana, vii, xlvi 
 Trisul, c, cvii 
 Turkomans, xii, xix 
 Turks, ixre, xxxii, xxxvi 
 Tnzah-i Bdbari, viiiw, ix, x, xi 
 Tazak-i J ah dng iri, xvii,xviii, Ivii, 
 
 Ixxxii 
 
 Udaipur, ix, xxi, li, liii 
 
 Ujjain, xxvi, liii, Iviii 
 
 'Umar Shaikh, vii 
 
 Umbrella on coins, cix 
 
 United Company, xcvi, cxiv 
 
 Urdu, li 
 
 Urdu - Zafar - Karin, lii, Ixxv, 
 
 Ixxvii 
 Uzbegs, viii, xiii 
 
 Vairata, liv 
 
 Valle, Pietro della, Travels, xxi, 
 
 xxii 
 Virgin, the Blessed, image of, 
 
 Ixxix 
 Virgo, Ixxxii-iii 
 
 WdkVdt-i Jahdngiri, xviii 
 Weights of coins, Ixxvi, Ixxvii 
 Wheeler, Talboys, xxii 
 William IV., ciii 
 William, Fort, cxiv
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 385 
 
 Wilson, Professor H. H., coins, 
 
 xliv, xlv 
 Wine-cup of Jahangir, xviii, Ixxx 
 
 Yeames, coins, xlv 
 Yule, Col. Sir H., lix 
 
 Zafarabad, xxxi, Iviii 
 
 Zafarnagar, Iv 
 
 Zafarpiir, Iv 
 
 Zarah, Ixxiv 
 
 Zarrab, lix 
 
 Zodiacal coins, li, Ixxxi-iv, 65 ff 
 
 Zu-1-Fikar, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxiv, 
 
 XXXV 
 
 3 D

 
 ( 387 ) 
 
 W 
 
 N 
 
 .a 
 
 IS 
 
 i:!3 
 
 W 
 
 w 
 
 pR 
 
 fi 
 
 < 
 
 fe 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 H 
 
 fq 
 
 P^ 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 D 
 
 C5 
 
 H 
 
 m 
 
 •d 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 '? 
 
 ■> 
 
 '? 
 
 ■p 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :S 
 
 ;5 
 
 !5 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 03 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 CD 
 
 >o 
 
 •* 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 « 
 (fj 
 
 S 
 
 I-H 
 
 S 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 oo 
 
 IM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 R 
 
 m 
 
 fH 
 
 R 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 fi 
 
 cq 
 
 P^ 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 w 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 "> 
 
 ■? 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 ■> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ;5 
 
 ;2 
 
 •rH 
 
 :£ 
 
 •rH 
 
 .4 
 
 03 
 
 §■ 
 
 2 
 
 «> 
 
 t>i 
 
 co" 
 
 lO 
 
 n' 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■* 
 
 « 
 
 iH 
 
 -^ 
 
 N 
 
 05 
 
 1^ 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 R 
 
 m 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 s 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 M 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 <1 
 
 P^ 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 fi 
 
 m 
 
 p^ 
 
 -"3 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 •rH 
 
 :s 
 
 3 
 
 :£ 
 
 :^ 
 
 .rt 
 
 • rJ 
 
 •J 
 
 ■fi 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 05 
 
 oo 
 
 § 
 
 r^ 
 
 t> 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 § 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 eo 
 
 s 
 
 
 m 
 
 C5 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 f^ 
 
 o 
 
 <! 
 
 H 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 <1 
 
 p^ 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 o3 
 
 '? 
 
 V 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ^> 
 
 :g 
 
 •»-t 
 
 3 
 
 :^- 
 
 :-• 
 
 :m 
 
 .^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 a 
 
 ;^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 g 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 IM 
 
 2 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 IM 
 
 in 
 
 -^ 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 2 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 CM 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <1 
 
 |5h 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 ■< 
 
 f^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 fQ 
 
 f=^ 
 
 fi 
 
 <1 
 
 P^ 
 
 u 
 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ,> 
 
 > 
 
 :d 
 
 :g 
 
 IS 
 
 •rH 
 
 .J,* 
 
 :a 
 
 
 
 
 ■fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 fi 
 
 
 r3 
 
 CO 
 
 IN 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 § 
 
 05 
 
 CD 
 
 lO 
 
 us 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 eo 
 
 N 
 
 (M 
 
 
 § 
 
 &■ 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 R 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 fe 
 
 fi 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 R 
 
 « 
 
 lin 
 
 fi 
 
 < 
 
 03 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 :S 
 
 iS 
 
 :n 
 
 :s 
 
 
 •rH 
 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 fi 
 
 >i 
 
 •d 
 
 rt 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 " 
 
 *"* 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 eo 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 ■* 
 
 eo 
 
 (M 
 
 
 0^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 M 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 R 
 
 cq 
 
 Ph 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 w 
 
 Ph 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 >C3 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 :3 
 
 ^M 
 
 :3 
 
 d 
 
 .fJ 
 
 .^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 'fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 ■R 
 
 'fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 fi 
 
 fi 
 
 >< 
 
 •d 
 
 •d 
 
 .^ 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 c-l 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 IM 
 
 s 
 
 00 
 
 
 S 
 
 ire 
 
 S 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 M 
 
 •-' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 fi 
 
 M 
 
 Ph 
 
 o 
 
 <3 
 
 w 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 < 
 
 (i< 
 
 o 
 
 <^ 
 
 H 
 
 l-H 
 
 •r-- 
 
 :S- 
 
 .^ 
 
 .. 
 
 
 'fi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 ■R 
 
 \A 
 
 fi 
 
 fi 
 
 •S" 
 
 •d 
 
 •d 
 
 ■? 
 
 ■> 
 
 '? 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 i:^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 M 
 
 in 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 00 
 
 (M 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 ire 
 
 •« 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 1-5 
 
 
 
 CD 
 CQ 
 
 
 O 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 R 
 
 O 
 
 R 
 
 <i 
 
 pt. 
 
 o 
 
 << 
 
 w 
 
 pq 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 <5 
 
 Ph 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 p^ 
 
 w 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 hH 
 
 
 
 '(^ 
 
 ■fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 fi 
 
 fi 
 
 ti 
 
 _fi 
 
 •d 
 
 fi 
 
 '? 
 
 '? 
 
 ■? 
 
 ■> 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 03 
 
 ire 
 
 ire 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 S3 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 i-H 
 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 CD 
 
 lO 
 
 ire 
 
 I-I 
 
 Tjl 
 
 CO 
 
 C4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 P^ 
 
 fi 
 
 -< 
 
 lif 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 m 
 
 Ph 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 m 
 
 M 
 
 V, 
 
 M 
 
 'fi 
 
 'fi 
 
 '« 
 
 fi 
 
 fi 
 
 >< 
 
 •S 
 
 •d 
 
 ■> 
 
 '> 
 
 '? 
 
 ■? 
 
 ■> 
 
 f 
 
 ■? 
 
 ■> 
 
 ■? 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 cq 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 c^ 
 C<1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 S 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 0^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 lO 
 
 "S" 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 fi 
 
 <1 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 w 
 
 M 
 
 Pn 
 
 fi 
 
 <J 
 
 P5 
 
 O 
 
 C5 
 
 fi 
 
 n 
 
 P^ 
 
 fi 
 
 <1 
 
 3 
 
 'fi 
 
 'm 
 
 >< 
 
 M 
 
 fi 
 
 •d 
 
 •d 
 
 .S 
 
 •3 
 
 t 
 
 "> 
 
 ■> 
 
 ■> 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 ■> 
 
 !^ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 02 
 
 t^ 
 
 t> 
 
 (N 
 
 s 
 
 lO 
 
 3 
 
 s 
 
 C-l 
 
 N 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 t- 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 f^ 
 
 u 
 
 «3 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 PP 
 
 Pn 
 
 O 
 
 <3 
 
 W 
 
 cq 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 p^ 
 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 A 
 
 fi 
 
 fi 
 
 '> 
 
 '? 
 
 :3 
 
 i 
 
 =^ 
 
 ■■^ 
 
 •P 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 ti^ 
 
 > 
 
 _^* 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 ire 
 
 lO 
 
 S^ 
 
 ire 
 
 eo 
 
 e^ 
 
 CO 
 
 Cll 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 I-H 
 
 05 
 
 lO 
 1— 1 
 
 LO 
 
 00 
 <M 
 
 lO 
 
 1—1 
 
 iM 
 
 LO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 i-i 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 lO 
 
 1—1 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 lO 
 
 I-I 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 I-I 
 
 CO 
 
 ira 
 
 r-l 
 
 00 
 CO 
 lO 
 
 I-I 
 
 05 
 CO 
 
 I-I 
 
 O 
 
 I-I 
 
 rH 
 
 in 
 
 CO 
 
 -*l 
 
 lO 
 r-H 
 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 05 
 
 ■^ri 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 1^ 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 1— 1 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 -*l 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 .o 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 ■«tl 
 05 
 
 05 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 ^ E: ?» 
 
 r| « 0) 
 « re, 't 
 
 (B o a 
 
 s m "^ 
 •2 a-i 
 
 a ^ s 
 
 " C3 '5 
 
 S3 
 
 ■S -Q 
 
 H 
 
 oQ a 
 
 
 ^^ <B 
 
 C5 g 
 
 S 
 
 P^ K 
 
 a! 
 
 
 
 ;h 
 
 ID 
 
 P^ 2 
 
 y 
 
 ^fe' 
 
 T) 
 
 -d 4^ 
 
 0) 
 
 
 rr; 
 
 g P=i 
 
 
 
 P. 
 
 .^. d 
 
 u 
 
 H S 
 
 •^ 
 
 -IS 
 
 0) 
 
 W 
 
 ■E 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 ,t 
 
 03 
 
 ^ 
 
 t>> 
 
 oj 
 
 
 03 
 
 t/i 
 
 1^ O O 
 
 
 2 --^ 
 
 
 
 
 ■« >,^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >>%rn 
 
 
 4^ ^ 
 
 
 
 
 ri n -S 
 
 
 C3 ^ © 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 
 
 
 th, c 
 
 Sun 
 the 
 
 rW 
 
 n n •« 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 a Si 2 
 
 OJ 
 
 ?^<1^^ 
 
 Hi 
 
 B ■« -g 
 
 
 £ £ 
 
 -.* 
 
 » o <d 
 
 '5> 
 
 
 
 ^
 
 ( 388 ) 
 
 » 
 
 P^ 
 
 Q 
 
 <! 
 
 B 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 fe 
 
 P 
 
 ■< 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 C 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 fa 
 
 p 
 
 ■< 
 
 fa 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 n 
 
 ;« 
 
 ■■■a 
 
 .^ 
 
 ._; 
 
 .^ 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 ■a 
 
 "5 
 
 '« 
 
 K 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 •d 
 
 X 
 
 .2 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 "? 
 
 > 
 
 
 C<3 
 
 eo 
 
 S3 
 
 rH 
 
 •^ 
 
 04 
 
 s 
 
 g 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 »» 
 
 eo 
 
 C4 
 
 1-1 
 
 ■w 
 
 S 
 
 eo 
 
 Qt 
 
 S^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 § 
 
 
 
 
 
 tsi 
 
 Q 
 
 pq 
 
 t- 
 
 ^ 
 
 GO 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •d 
 'a 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 p 
 
 « 
 
 fe 
 
 o 
 
 <; 
 
 s 
 
 B 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 3 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 C5 
 
 ■*■ 
 
 •* 
 
 
 eo 
 
 
 
 'S 
 
 eo 
 
 
 X 
 
 d 
 
 X 
 
 oo' 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 CD 
 
 :a 
 
 >■ 
 cd' 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 US 
 
 > 
 
 s 
 
 
 eo 
 
 im" 
 
 '? 
 
 CO 
 
 
 > 
 d 
 
 N 
 
 U3 
 
 CO 
 'it* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ■< 
 
 H 
 
 ra 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 P3 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 << 
 
 W 
 
 « 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 «! 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 ■< 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 CS 
 
 P 
 
 <; 
 
 fa 
 
 
 i 
 
 'K 
 
 'P< 
 
 'S 
 
 '3 
 
 ti 
 
 ►< 
 
 K 
 
 (< 
 
 X 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 » 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 94 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 tt 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 C4 
 
 tr~ 
 
 i~ 
 
 us 
 
 U5 
 
 ■* 
 
 ^ 
 
 eo 
 
 94 
 
 N 
 
 ^ 
 
 d 
 
 -< 
 
 &< 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 K 
 
 C5 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 pq 
 
 Ec, 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 C 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 fa 
 
 P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .-• 
 
 :a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 P5 
 
 ■a 
 
 ■a 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 K 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 k 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 (► 
 
 ■? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 o 
 
 <s 
 
 S 
 
 " 
 
 ■* 
 
 eo 
 
 = 
 
 C) 
 
 c-a 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
 r-4 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 us 
 
 S 
 
 eo 
 
 CJ 
 
 eo 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 C5 
 
 W 
 
 « 
 
 ^ 
 
 P 
 
 ■< 
 
 &< 
 
 O 
 
 C 
 
 » 
 
 n 
 
 &, 
 
 p 
 
 < 
 
 fH 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 fa 
 
 P 
 
 <J 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 « 
 
 «' 
 
 « 
 
 « 
 
 « 
 
 :a 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 :3 
 > 
 
 ■> 
 
 i 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 .^• 
 
 :a* 
 
 A 
 
 w 
 
 00 
 
 GO 
 
 1^ 
 
 e 
 
 " 
 
 
 ° 
 
 ■* 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 eo 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 U3 
 
 ■* 
 
 04 
 
 - 
 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 O 
 
 fr. 
 
 P 
 
 "•J 
 
 a 
 
 O 
 
 c 
 
 P 
 
 cq 
 
 Er 
 
 o 
 
 ■< 
 
 W 
 
 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 ""J 
 
 X3 
 
 X 
 
 M 
 
 > 
 
 ■? 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 ■> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '^ 
 
 > 
 
 >" 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a' 
 
 ia 
 
 :a 
 
 :~ 
 
 ::=• 
 
 :a' 
 
 .^. 
 
 .^. 
 
 (^ 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 t~ 
 
 cc 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 IS 
 
 
 eo 
 
 ej 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 " 
 
 g 
 
 OS 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 04 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 S 
 
 •>!> 
 
 CO 
 
 O) 
 
 CD 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 1 
 
 p 
 
 m 
 
 er 
 
 O 
 
 -aj 
 
 fa 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 « 
 
 b 
 
 o 
 
 <! 
 
 » 
 
 pq 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 n 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 '"J 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 "? 
 
 '> 
 
 >■ 
 
 "? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :=• 
 
 .-• 
 
 .-• 
 
 .-• 
 
 
 .„. 
 
 .„. 
 
 x 
 
 :a' 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CS 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 e«. 
 
 CO 
 
 13 
 
 >o 
 
 •* 
 
 ci 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 « 
 
 ;:: 
 
 T 
 
 t^ 
 
 cc 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 ^ 
 
 •HI 
 eo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 •a 
 
 n 
 
 C 
 
 P 
 
 <! 
 
 fe 
 
 o 
 
 -<! 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 <1 
 
 (i. 
 
 o 
 
 cs 
 
 » 
 
 pq 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 -<1 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 fa 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 'S 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a- 
 
 :,• 
 
 :-• 
 
 .^ 
 
 
 .J 
 
 'P. 
 
 X 
 
 x 
 
 x 
 
 'x 
 
 S 
 
 N 
 
 !^ 
 
 g 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t» 
 
 IS 
 
 >o 
 
 •* 
 
 s 
 
 eo 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 6 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CQ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 t» 
 
 10 
 
 O) 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 < 
 
 &H 
 
 O 
 
 C5 
 
 H 
 
 pa 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 Er 
 
 U 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 PQ 
 
 fe 
 
 P 
 
 <1 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 fa 
 
 p 
 
 i 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 V 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :d 
 
 :2 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 :-• 
 
 -• 
 
 .^. 
 
 .^ 
 
 'S 
 
 M 
 
 i 
 
 •A 
 
 'K 
 
 "x 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 -' 
 
 N 
 
 2 
 
 
 o 
 
 GO 
 
 t~ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 « 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 ^ 
 
 ;:; 
 
 eo 
 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 e^l 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eo 
 
 OS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Er 
 
 o 
 
 <! 
 
 Eq 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 » 
 
 n 
 
 fo 
 
 P 
 
 -0 
 
 IS 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 n 
 
 fa 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 « 
 
 1 
 (< 
 
 >* 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :d 
 
 ■— 
 
 :a 
 
 :-• 
 
 :=• 
 
 :£ 
 
 .„. 
 
 .^ 
 
 
 X 
 
 ■5 
 
 s 
 
 M 
 
 s 
 
 y. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 M 
 
 to 
 
 M 
 
 N 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 e4 
 
 OB 
 
 cc 
 
 S 
 
 ■* 
 
 •<• 
 
 2 
 
 « 
 
 
 « 
 
 -■ 
 
 C 
 
 a 
 
 Ci 
 
 Cl 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 'O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U3 
 
 CO 
 
 ti 
 
 U3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 n 
 
 fe 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 » 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 h 
 
 o 
 
 <! 
 
 Eq 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 a 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 ^ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 d 
 
 :=■ 
 
 ;= 
 
 \£ 
 
 :-• 
 
 ,^ 
 
 
 .„. 
 
 K 
 
 S 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 'S 
 
 x 
 
 H 
 
 ti 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 m' 
 
 > 
 
 •? 
 
 GQ 
 
 « 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ■<S> 
 
 eo 
 
 eo 
 
 « 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 S 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 <1 
 
 W 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 P5 
 
 P^ 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 H 
 
 PQ 
 
 o 
 
 P 
 
 <J 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 -«1 
 
 fa 
 
 pq 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 <3 
 
 fa 
 
 e3 
 
 :S 
 
 ;.s 
 
 3- 
 
 ;;3 
 
 :-• 
 
 
 
 
 K 
 
 'S 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 'S 
 
 -» 
 
 M 
 
 « 
 
 H 
 
 M 
 
 jj 
 
 '> 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 'p 
 
 > 
 
 P 
 
 
 U3 
 
 <* 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 c 
 
 » 
 
 C5 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •* 
 
 •* 
 
 ■* 
 
 m 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 l-l 
 
 CO 
 
 1-1 
 
 22 
 
 i-H 
 
 03 
 
 1-1 
 
 O 
 JO 
 
 1-1 
 
 r-l 
 
 in 
 
 1-1 
 lO 
 
 in 
 
 i-( 
 
 W 
 
 >o 
 
 U3 
 
 »o 
 
 Ift 
 in 
 in 
 
 <— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 in 
 
 in 
 
 1-1 
 
 00 
 in 
 
 01 
 in 
 
 in 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 1-1 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 1-1 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 i-< 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 r- 1 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 in 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 OS 
 
 eo 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 U3 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 1^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 05 
 
 1-1 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CD 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CD 
 
 OS 
 
 00 
 CD 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 OS 
 
 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 IM 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 *>• 
 
 OS
 
 &,o<iHoe)0<jfe 
 
 ( 389 
 
 a <i H o cs 
 
 Opqp^o^iWnCfiMfeO 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 t. 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :s 
 
 :s 
 
 :d 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 .^• 
 
 —■ 
 
 .„• 
 
 M 
 
 « 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 >< 
 
 k 
 
 K 
 
 K 
 
 M 
 
 kl 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 t> 
 
 to 
 
 - 
 
 •* 
 
 g 
 
 ■* 
 
 (N 
 
 05 
 
 o; 
 
 05 
 
 OS 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 S5 
 
 t> 
 
 o 
 
 •* 
 
 ■* 
 
 to 
 
 <M 
 
 IM 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 Q<)&,0<1|xIBOR<ifeO<JS«C5P<^pHO!iHPPiifi<J 
 
 t- 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 i2 
 
 :3 
 
 :s 
 
 •.;j 
 
 .•;3 
 
 .^ 
 
 .J 
 
 X 
 
 kl 
 
 ■« 
 
 ■R 
 
 V. 
 
 •a 
 
 V, 
 
 >< 
 
 M 
 
 \^, 
 
 }A 
 
 .a 
 
 .a 
 
 t> 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 t^ 
 
 t> 
 
 t> 
 
 50 
 
 lO 
 
 
 M 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 I- 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 <M 
 
 to 
 
 ■* 
 
 N 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 rH 
 
 M 
 
 o> 
 
 OOHmc5fi<j|i(OOHWC5P<^|i( 
 
 OWWP^O-«ifeOc5 
 
 :3 
 
 :g 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :s 
 
 ■.a 
 
 .^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 .„. 
 
 ■a 
 
 V, 
 
 '« 
 
 'R 
 
 V, 
 
 «■ 
 
 y. 
 
 M 
 
 A 
 
 .a 
 
 •d 
 
 _►< 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 "> 
 
 '? 
 
 § 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •^ 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 Si 
 
 - 
 
 f-* 
 
 c5 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 'S 
 
 •* 
 
 
 e»5 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 <jWOCsHFqfeP«Ji 
 
 w o o w n 
 'S '« 'p< X t^* 
 
 fefi«ijwoopm&ifi<dw 
 
 .« _« _« M 
 
 CS OS 00 CD 
 
 IOU3W5'«^d(Mi— two 
 
 C^ ^ (M r-l 1-1 
 
 •-I Cvt CO 
 i- i- t^ 
 
 O P M fe P 
 
 .^ .^ .^ ^g ^3 
 
 <i H 
 
 O C5 
 
 PfqpL,p<)HOc5pnp^O«JWDCP 
 
 ■^ CO CO rH ^ r-l O 
 
 1-1 (M rH CO N N 
 
 CO US lO 
 
 W M C5 P M 
 
 4 '3 
 
 •P 
 
 ■p; 
 
 ■p 
 
 '« 
 
 K 
 
 t< 
 
 « 
 
 ii 
 
 y. 
 
 y. 
 
 > 
 
 "> 
 
 "> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 !^ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 >; 
 
 
 
 
 OS 
 
 t~ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -K* 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 
 n 
 
 (N 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 t* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 n 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eq 
 
 
 
 
 I-H 
 
 
 
 
 R«<JfeO<JH«Ofi<!liHO<iJHM 
 
 P<JPnOOHMOP<1 
 
 CO rH rH rH — 
 IN rH CO N 
 
 CO CO lO CO 
 
 CO CO <M O rH O 
 « M rH CO M 
 
 mpc,pHj!&HOci3wmii(p<lfeoown6^p«ijwoc5Hffl(i4 
 
 3 >'" 
 
 'A 
 
 y. 
 
 .a 
 
 y. 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ■t 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 _>; 
 
 > 
 
 is 
 
 i3 
 
 :g 
 
 :S 
 
 :3 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 "SI 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 oo 
 
 00 
 
 in 
 
 ■* 
 
 eq 
 
 
 
 (N 
 
 
 <M 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 x' .d -^ .id V > '> > > ■>>>>>> -^ .^ -^ .^ :S :S :s :3 :;2' .^- .^• 
 
 U3 CO CO W 
 
 !-<■—'.— lOOOQOt^OOCDlOiO-^MW 
 
 Cq rH <M rH 
 
 (M <M r-l 
 
 (M rH C5 t^ t* 
 
 W rH W ri 
 
 feo-33woi:DPWfeo-<soofiPPfeo<jwmofifOfeo 
 
 .2 > 
 
 (Mi-H-— tOi35CiaOC30CDiOCD»C?OCO 
 
 :S 
 
 .rJ 
 
 .„• 
 
 .-; 
 
 K 
 
 M 
 
 OS 
 
 g 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 W«c5PME^^<JHBc5PfqfeCi<JHMOP<!feO<JKfq 
 
 ■> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 :S 
 
 :s 
 
 •3 
 
 :3 
 
 a 
 
 •'S 
 
 :S 
 
 "^ 
 
 •-5 
 
 —• 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 t-^ 
 
 § 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 g 
 
 s 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 H 
 
 pq 
 
 C5 
 
 p 
 
 < 
 
 P^ 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 m 
 
 O 
 
 p 
 
 <! 
 
 p^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 pq 
 
 1^ 
 
 P 
 
 -< 
 
 N 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 >■ 
 
 > 
 
 ;H 
 
 :d 
 
 :3 
 
 .•-• 
 
 :S 
 
 :3 
 
 .^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 .„• 
 
 .^ 
 
 'S 
 
 
 ■fi 
 
 "S 
 
 ■R 
 
 M 
 
 H 
 
 00 
 
 t 
 
 CO 
 
 »d 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 2 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 U5 
 
 s 
 
 lO 
 
 "# 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 eo 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 s 
 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 f-i 
 
 
 ?2 
 
 CO 
 
 LO 
 
 r-l 
 
 .-H 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 1« 
 
 us 
 
 00 
 
 ■-H 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 ID 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 U5 
 
 00 
 
 >— 1 
 
 00 
 
 
 00 
 00 
 VO 
 
 C5 
 00 
 
 O 
 ?-4 
 
 I-H 
 
 Mi (a ty- CO OsO>-iC<ICO-<flO COi^ OOOSOrH(MCO-<»'iO Ol^QOOlO 
 l>.t^r>-l> t^QOQOOOOOQOOO 0000 OOOOOiOsOiOlOSO: CIOOSOIO 
 05050SO OSO>OJ05050iO> 0>05 050505050>050i0> O5050i050
 
 ( 390 ) 
 
 <!jKP5!230<jii<o<;Kpqep<jP^ 
 
 <jH«eo<;feo 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 13 
 
 :H 
 
 :2 
 
 :d 
 
 :S 
 
 :3 
 
 .-: 
 
 •^ 
 
 .J 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 g 
 
 00 
 
 «> 
 
 (M 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 s 
 
 Ci 
 
 " 
 
 
 C-l 
 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 TO 
 
 oo 
 
 rH 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 (—1 
 
 ■* 
 
 eo 
 
 <*< 
 
 1-1 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 ■> > 'p > 'P •> > > >■ .£; > .►: IS S ::5 :s :-' .« .„• .^* 'S 'S '?. '3 
 
 CO o «o 
 
 (M i-( rH O Cr 
 
 -- 1:^ CO O U3 lO 
 
 t-H « rH ^ O) r-l 
 
 d f-i ei 
 
 RfllPcifi-sJKOOWmfePoJHOOWPQPHfiilWOCiJ 
 >>'>:>>> .£; > >, :3 :3 :3 :3 :3 .^ .^ .^ M '« « M H X M 
 
 rHOCiaiQOt>I>10IOIO'<*eOOO&00»QDOOt^l>US-^'^'^ 
 M MrH c«4rH WrH N OOrH C4rH CifH <M 
 
 t^ GO a» 
 
 oofi«feo<)woofimfeo<)HOC;fiMfeOHsiH 
 >>>.£; .& .t :3 is 13 :3 :3 d .^- •- M 'P H M 'R 'R k" m" « -53 
 
 rH rH O C5 <X) 
 N rH M rH 
 
 CO C4 M r- O rH 
 
 to ;o 
 
 <D iS) \a 
 
 a&,0-«!WPQOOmpt<0-<WPqOfiMfi(0<}HMc50 
 
 k< ►<• M .s .a .a 
 
 TO =^ rH rH 
 
 3 "* 
 
 TO e» N rH 
 
 M rH TO rH 
 
 c50-«jii<oowPQc5p<;feoowmoo^P^ocjwn 
 
 .2 :3 :a :s := 
 
 TO TO ci r-I OC 
 
 coio«oe>s«cicirH 
 
 .Si > f 
 
 O) O <-i C4 c4 
 o o o 
 
 U3 CO CO 
 
 N rH TO rH 
 
 S S: 
 
 O W « &t Q H< P=, 
 
 :3 :q :3 
 
 :S :S ._• .^ a 9. y. 
 
 OCW«fefi<!P^ 
 
 C W cq fe fi Hjj 
 :3 -3 :a :3 :a .«• 
 
 W rH rH 
 
 '"' S ^ 2 "^ o> 00 
 
 W rH TO rH Ol 
 
 
 p<jHocfimii.fi-«i«oc5fipq 
 
 ■^ .^ .^ •!<. y. H y, y. yi y. y. 
 
 TOc^J(>lrHOOCiOOODt-^t^ 
 
 P» rH TO rH 
 
 
 :=" :a' 
 
 <J H O C5 fi P? Pq 
 
 ■^TONeieaoc605O 
 
 C4 rH N rH TO rH N 
 
 000«|i(0<lHOOP«feOH<WOC5PM(i(C<;W 
 
 .^ 
 
 'R 
 
 :3 
 
 y. 
 
 'K 
 
 'S 
 
 s 
 
 H 
 
 ►< 
 
 •,-; 
 
 _lj 
 
 !< 
 
 > 
 
 "> 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 N 
 
 ■* 
 
 ■* 
 
 M 
 
 " 
 
 -• 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 J5 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 •* 
 
 s 
 
 2 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 
 n^ 
 
 TO 
 
 eo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H<j H P3 O P H«) &( 
 
 <JP^«C5P-<feOH<W«OP<ifeO 
 
 l>i 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 p- 
 
 t- 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 t- 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 .2 
 
 
 :a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 «o 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■* 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 
 TO 
 
 OPH<feOOHI=IOP<JfeoewPQc5PH<fe 
 
 y. 
 
 •A 
 
 V. 
 
 y. 
 
 y. 
 
 y. 
 
 y. 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .v^ 
 
 
 TO 
 
 !N 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wfq|i,p<JHO(iHeQ|i(P«t!WOOWM(i(P-<WOO 
 :3 15 13 :a d d 
 
 X 
 
 • rt 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 »■ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 
 .•a 
 
 :a 
 
 • 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 •* 
 
 -Ji 
 
 ■* 
 
 TO 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 IM 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 p-H 
 
 TO 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 •^ 
 
 lO 
 
 O 
 
 r->. 
 
 CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 O 
 
 ,rH 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 Tf 
 
 Ui 
 
 CO 
 
 I^ 
 
 CD 
 
 (Ti 
 
 o 
 
 i-< 
 
 N 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 110 
 
 CT> 
 
 Oi 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 Ci 
 
 Ci 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 
 frH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 »fl 
 
 Ifl 
 
 m 
 
 Irt 
 
 Wi 
 
 t-H 
 
 —1 
 
 us 
 
 CO 
 
 cs 
 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 r-4 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 CC 
 
 t^ 
 
 on 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 ^^ 
 
 (N 
 
 eo 
 
 -tl 
 
 m 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 on 
 
 CT) 
 
 o 
 
 r-( 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 -f 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 r-l 
 
 p-4 
 
 rH 
 
 
 r-i 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 <N 
 
 (N 
 
 <u 
 
 Ol 
 
 CI 
 
 O 
 
 l-l 
 
 o 
 
 I-t 
 
 o 
 
 r-( 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 i-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 r-l 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 r-l 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 fH 
 
 O 
 rH 
 
 O 
 rH 
 
 O 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 o
 
 ( 391 ) 
 
 'S '?. S" p. y. >< >< -2 .2 .d '? ■> ■? > ■> ■>■?>>>> -t .t -i. iS :3 
 
 ^OOpH C^rH C-lrH CflrH C^f-) rH Wf-H MrH Clr-I 
 
 f^ o c5 H m fe o ^< « o o R « &i R ^ H o o R n ^J R ^ a b 
 ■S >< X >i .i2 .1:3 -2 '? '> > > > "> '> >>■>■> .£; .?: .^ ^ :2 iS :=" s' 
 
 O^OOC0r-Ct>t>^»0»0».'3"r»tcCC^lC'|p-OOC5a0t^t^t>»OC0C^ 
 f^CTSWl-HNrH (Ml— I dl-H (Ml-H CIi— <Nf-l C^l-H ff«f-H 
 
 R w p^ R ^ H a cs fl K fe o < H a o fl n ^ o ^ h o o fl ^a 
 
 >< ><■ .'i. .^ '> '> > ■> "> > ■>■>>>>> > .t :~ :2 :3 :3 :3 :s •-■ -h 
 
 MC<j'->i--!oO»003t>t^C010^"^'^<Or-^i-<i--IoCJ«DOlOj;5-5 
 ^C^»-(COi-t C<>»-H C>lrH WrH C<IrHCOM Clf-* C'J,-! 
 
 6 r^ 
 "il* "<« 
 
 KC5RP5li(0<1wmCR<|i(Ci«!iKfqc5R<JpHO<1HnO 
 .'d .2 '> > "> > V '>'>'>>>> .i: i: .fe :5 -3 :3 :s d ._■ .-• .-• 'P. 'P. 
 
 ffi C>i « M P-^ O C OS I>^ l> t-^ ^ lO •* •*" M ci M r-H 00 00 t^ t>^ 5S o ui 
 
 ^ Wr-fCOC^IrHMi-* cq»-l Mf-I Wr-1 t-H NrH Wf-t 
 
 t~ GO ej 
 
 "-^ &; O ^ H O 5 R ->1 ^; O O H » O R < &i O 5 S ffl C R ^ &< 
 
 ■? > ■> > •>■>>>>> .S; .£: .£; 3 13 '3 3 3 .„• ._• .-: V. V. V. V. V. 
 
 lO CD 
 __^ CO CO 
 
 (i,R<^|i(OOHmP^R<5WaOKmp^R<HOOKP;feR 
 
 "? ■> ■>■>■>>>> .£: .& :3 ;3 :3 :3 :S :a — " — " — ' 'S '« 'K '?. V. p. -A 
 
 l010-»^-<^c4c>iMr-4C50>05aDt^'^-^COCOM.-IrHrHasC5QOGDt'C 
 pH Mr-I Mrl i-H «i-l MiH «p^ Mi-l(Mr^ NrH 
 
 e* CO ■<*i 
 
 W O C5 H n fe R ^ H O O R P fe R ^< H ^i C R O fe R < H 6 
 
 > > >■ > > > .^ .£; :3 :3 ;3 :3 :3 — • — • .J 'S 'S 'S '?! V. y. x x .2 .*j 
 cd<:ococO'^cocowpHi-Hx'i>-t^^ou3io"»^cowcirw-*ocsoo 
 
 I-H (MpH C-IpH C^t-H(Ml-l Oll-I (N»-H ClrHCOM»-'C^<-H 
 
 o» b •-; 
 
 CO CO CO 
 
 o<lHot3ROfeo<)wmc5R(qfeo<iwm!iRpqii.o«.j 
 
 > > .^ .£; .£: .-3 13 :3 :d :3 .-• .,: — • 'p. 'p. 'p. 'p. 'p. 'p. -A p. ti .id .id > '? 
 
 JhNp-I «r-l M CJp-l NpH IMpH Mi-l CMpHCOpI 
 
 CO t-^ GO 
 
 w M e< 
 
 nORM&t!^<il^MC5R<!feC)<5HmOR«^p:iO<<K«c5 
 
 .S .^ :3 :3 :3 d :3 .-3 .- .-* '?! '« 'P. 'p. P. 'p. x p. p. .td .2 .id > > > > 
 
 Q0fl0Q6Q0CDC0C0NCqrJpHOO0000l>Il>^Ol0.^.r^MC0Wi-*pH 
 rt «i-l NpH (Mi-ceOffJi-iMpH IMp-i NpH (Mri (M 
 
 W W 
 
 OHWC5R<!feO(2KmfeR-iJfeOOWCqp^R<)|i<003 
 
 :3 iS ."3 :3 :3 •-<■ .-.; --: '?! 's^ 'P, 'P 'P. P. P. P. .^ .id .*d ■? > > > > > ■? 
 
 ojoacoo>0"^'*cQ«.>irHooc»Oiao«>^cDio»aioW'^coMpH 
 
 jHCi"-" (Mr-I ClrH C-lr-fCli-H (Mrt IMi-i Cli-I (M 
 
 ,-H ei eo 
 www 
 
 Pi,R<JfeOc5H«PHR«!aooW«&iR<1HOOKpq&,R 
 
 ;3 :3 .«■ — • .-• « 'H 'P 'P. 'P 'p. P. P. .id .id Xi > > > ■? ■> '> ■> > > > 
 
 C>o6oOGOl>CDO O-*'e00^MWOOCi0i<Z>t*t^t^USlo^C0C0 
 r^ )M»-f Mf-t •*!-* Mi-ICOW WfH WrH Olrl N 
 
 CO ci o 
 
 . -I >-l w ___^_^ 
 
 ppqRH'<P^Oc5RnpHO<5PqO0Rn&.O<iBOCRP 
 .„• .^ ■>< 'P. 'P. 'P. 'P. 'P P P. P. .id .id > > ■> > > ■? '>■?>>>> > 
 
 OC3CiC50D^^»Owa-*CO(>1C^i-<^OOCSQ6t>^t.^lOCDW'»^CO 
 M (M ri Ol I-H M ^ (M ^ C O (M i-H TO i -H IM r H e ^ ,— »J 
 
 cot>t>'QOC50'— iiMeo-+<wiCDJ>.or)C50f-<cqeo -*<io«3t^00C3O 
 
 ,_(,j,-(^.~i(M<M(M (MOqiMIMC^IOqolCOCOMCO OOCOCOCOCOfO-^ 
 COCOOCOO<XltOCO COCOCOCOCOOOCOCO«OCO CDCO^COOCOCO 
 
 io CD t^ 00 CI O i^H »5 CO ■^ io CD r^ o6 oi O — ai eo ^S in to i-- oo o o" 
 W(MiMiM'Mcoe'sooc<ie<5coeoei5coeo-*i-*-t<— '-*-*-t<-+i-^-*>r> 
 OOOOOOOOOO-OOOOOOOOO ooooooo
 
 25 fq P <j 
 
 ( 392 ) 
 
 fe fi -s; K o 
 
 PK(i,0-«)|ijO0Q 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 fe O «) 
 
 TO CO CO 
 
 «nopsfeo-i;w«c5fi 
 
 .^ . . . . . :3 :a :a 
 
 1-) o 
 
 e» rH CO •-< 
 
 to lo us 
 
 <;&,o«<)wPic5p^ 
 
 eo c>o N (M o © o 
 
 P<!feOC3WPqc5P-<feOOH P5 &; R ^ S O O H m~pt| 
 
 :;3 
 
 t^ 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 w 
 
 •R 
 
 M 
 
 t< 
 
 M « K .2 .2 .2 > t- 
 
 i-«i-Ht-IOOG0<X)00 
 M rt CO 1-1 N f-i 
 
 > > 
 P^ CO 
 
 ■-' o o 
 
 ■-I « M 
 
 abp«i;(i,ooH«feP-><: w o o « w fe p ^ — h 
 
 ^ ;2 3 :3 
 .5 t> > > 
 
 CO « N 1-1 « 
 
 PI i-i « c» 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 :2 :3 
 
 ^ 
 
 US 
 
 >• 
 
 ^ 
 
 »< 
 
 "^ 
 
 S 
 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 « 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 p 
 
 « 
 
 (i< O 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :s 
 
 ;a 
 
 :a 
 
 ._• 
 
 .-• ._. 
 
 -< w o o P 
 
 Ee< p 
 
 
 a n ^ 
 
 S 2 
 
 C4 
 
 00 tv to lO 
 
 ^ 2 
 
 s 
 
 a p pq ^ o -< 
 
 . :a :a rg ._• .„• 
 
 M •.-' •- -r •- •.- 
 
 
 OPBfeO^WpqopW 
 
 > .:: .:: 
 
 13 ;h 
 
 fe o <] w n 
 
 :3 :3 .^ .^ -a 
 
 CO 
 
 C*J <-t C^ 1-1 
 
 S 2 
 
 CO rH C4 r- rH 
 C-) rH CO 
 
 HmOP-oJbO-ajHPQUP 
 
 
 > > 
 
 ^feOCiWKCP<JfeO(i 
 
 :3 i3 :3 d :s :a .„• .- .- H 'S '3 
 
 QOCb<Dia^tO'^MCOe<lr4 
 «N Ni-H e^<-l C^rl 
 
 p-<&,uow«o 
 
 p <J 
 
 ^oc5Hnii<p-<PHOoP4mfE, 
 
 CO U5 ^ CO '^ 
 
 
 CO ■^ --^ CO e^ 
 
 sqfeO<;wooa«feQ<j« 
 
 > .2 .- .£ 
 
 rl CO C^ 
 
 > := 
 
 CO CO 
 
 >o ■* « — 
 
 -H CO c^ 
 
 li. P -aj W O C5 P 
 
 CO ^ m -^ CO 
 
 <jWoc5pci&,p<)woc5PM&<o-i!woopmix,o 
 
 Cl rH -- O 
 
 3 2-" 
 
 ■I CO rt 
 
 feO-<an0P«bO-«)HMOP<!&(O«}HPq0P-«j 
 
 =s --^ 
 
 .a .a 
 
 N 
 
 '^ 
 
 cq 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 S5 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 •* 
 
 (M 
 
 M 
 M 
 
 :2 
 
 CO 
 
 g 
 
 e> 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 W 
 
 ■o 
 
 CD 
 i-l 
 
 (M 
 
 i-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 1— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 i-i 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C30 
 CO 
 
 CI 
 
 -♦< 
 CO 
 
 1— 1 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 I-I 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 Mi 
 CD 
 
 ift 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 »ft 
 
 CO 
 
 1-4 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 ift 
 
 CD 
 I-H 
 
 05 
 »ft 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 CO 
 
 «> 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 ■~£> 
 
 o 
 
 r-t 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 r-1 
 
 •ft 
 
 o 
 
 IH 
 
 CO 
 >o 
 
 o 
 
 i-i 
 
 I'i 
 
 o 
 I-I 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 I-I 
 
 OS 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 1— 1 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 I-H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 »ft 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 I-H 
 
 CD 
 CO 
 O 
 I-H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 I-H 
 
 00 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 pH 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 O 
 
 I-H 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 r-t 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 O 
 rH 
 
 s
 
 ( 393 ) 
 
 -i -^ .-• .^ .« 'S w 'S 'R '^ ^i " "" *^- *^' 
 
 C»5 « 
 
 N i-H CO 
 
 a ;3 :a :a 
 
 o 05 O CO 
 
 
 c3 P n P^ 
 
 > > 13 
 
 CO N CO (M 
 
 <jHP;op<Jfa o<i'^'" CiP<lfeotiHmop 
 
 ■ " a ..• .H .-• -a" -S" -S -a -a 'Pi M M .d i_ .a >_ >_ 
 
 >^ S3 S^ "= S S ''' S S '^" li S S S "^ §3 J5 
 
 IM rl (M 
 
 <iHWC5P<^^"^^P^^ Q^'^"^^"^ R <^^ ;^ Q 
 :3 :g :3 -3 -a .• ..• •- "a" "^ '^ V. V^ '^ M M « i .S 'P I '> > > 
 
 5 S -• S S c? §• - § S - g^ S - ^ 3 " S d S S 2 g S 
 
 p<JfeOOHMI^fi-^ H O 
 
 15 H M ^; p ^ H o es R n ^ p^<i 
 
 :a :a a 
 
 ifi -^ c4 
 
 IM r-l rH O 
 
 N 
 
 •fl 'i^ V. M M M .a 
 
 ci CJ t> 00 «> CO 10 
 
 13 ;a :a 
 
 t-t (M rH O 0» 
 N i-l CO 1-H 
 
 .^- .-• . ... ..• =3" i i -R -a «• H K i i i f i > =^. ^^ '■> > '> '^. > 
 
 i3 :a :3 :a :3 -4 -^ -^ ^ ^ J > 
 
 •M- "3 'R '9 'S m" 'J^' m h m -S^ -^I 
 
 OS CO 00 
 
 -^r-O-^-^-^^^ a <J^O^W«OM <J-^;cr O H « O 
 
 C5 P W 
 
 =p =^' -i^" •?: -a (^ M ►.• .a .a i > >. > > > '^ > 
 
 > > .& .fc .£ :3 
 
 CO U3 »^ "^ CO CO 
 
 ^-^-^^-p-^-^-o o N « ^ p-^-^-o-c^^^W- ^ p ^ pq u c. ri n 
 
 - • • i i i --i i i -i -i > > > i i i a a ^3 ^^ 
 
 M M M M 
 
 .a .a 
 
 (M tH CO 
 
 oi 00 00 <0 lO CD JO 
 
 p<jp^oiiWMi^ 
 
 . . .: J a :a a :a d :d 
 
 p<jsac5HMi^ O'^^^^Q"'-^'^ '^ 
 
 ,^ i-H d 
 
 CO (M i-H O 
 
 m ft p <! H o 
 
 . - • -3 "3" d 
 
 .a .a .a > > > 
 
 N r-I r-; -H Oi O 
 
 CO CO CO r-H 
 
 ^ p pq fe O 
 :3 :3 -4 -rl ■r' 
 
 <3 H O O P W ^ 
 
 0<^HmOR«f^ 
 
 i-H ^ O 
 
 <j H O O P W fH 
 :3' ;3" a d d d .^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 00 00 
 
 o 
 
 <i 
 
 H 
 
 « 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 fR 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 w 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 (-1 
 
 < 
 
 N 
 
 
 •p 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ;3 
 
 :3 
 
 i3 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 •-_ 
 
 -: 
 
 -; 
 
 
 ^1 ^^: 
 
 ^ O < H « ^5 P < 
 
 -^ O O W W O P < ^ ^ 
 
 iifLinii(p<jfi*'^ 
 
 > i :3 ;a a" 
 
 :a :a -J .-• 
 
 •^ '3 'U 'U 'U 
 
 ^ d OS 00 
 
 (M ^ (M _r-H 
 
 <X> 
 
 CO CO CO N 
 
 i4 O >-l O 00 00 t; 
 
 lO c£> 
 
 CQ CO ^ 
 
 .^^ — -. - CO 05 
 
 ^ § 8 § § § § CO S 2 2 2 S 
 
 lO CO l:^ 00 31 O 
 
 r-H (M (M 
 
 ^N, u,, w^ i* 'f= CO t; OO 
 
 ooMooooajoooooo 
 
 iO CO CO O "~ "~ "" '" 
 
 CC CO CO CO 
 
 lO CO c- oo Ci 
 
 o o o g 
 
 I> t^ 00 CO 
 
 SS o5 « K « § § 
 o o o o o o o 
 
 Oi OJ 05 O O 05 O 
 
 S booooooo 
 3 E
 
 ( 394 ) 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 H 
 
 (Q 
 
 CS 
 
 fi 
 
 pq 
 
 fe 
 
 o 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 R 
 
 <! 
 
 fit 
 
 u 
 
 <! 
 
 pa 
 
 ffi 
 
 C 
 
 P 
 
 <( 
 
 fo 
 
 3 
 
 •3 
 CSI 
 
 ■A 
 
 :g 
 > 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 :a 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ,^ 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 .-• 
 
 :-• 
 
 ■~ 
 
 
 
 :3 
 
 "= 
 
 to 
 
 ■* 
 
 « 
 
 
 m 
 
 (M 
 
 « 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 OK 
 
 o> 
 
 00 
 
 to 
 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 1-1 
 
 § 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t-4 
 
 04 
 
 
 1 
 
 -3 
 tS3 
 
 < 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 w 
 
 B 
 
 C3 
 
 P 
 
 <! 
 
 p^ 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 B 
 
 fe 
 
 P 
 
 <: 
 
 fe 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 « 
 
 fe 
 
 P 
 
 
 '? 
 
 :a 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 :-: 
 
 • 3 
 
 ..• 
 
 
 
 
 'k5 
 
 R 
 
 •p! 
 
 cs 
 
 »» 
 
 M 
 
 to 
 
 -«" 
 
 ■* 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 (M 
 
 Ij 
 
 :: 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 a> 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 l^ 
 
 lO 
 C4 
 
 •* 
 
 ■>JI 
 
 
 IM 
 
 e* 
 
 04 
 (M 
 
 ^; 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 OS 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 » 
 
 n 
 
 p^ 
 
 o 
 
 <! 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 fn 
 
 n 
 
 pci 
 
 fi 
 
 <! 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 » 
 
 « 
 
 pl^l 
 
 P 
 
 <! 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 -a 
 
 eS 
 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 >' 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 •:3 
 
 :a* 
 
 :a 
 
 
 
 
 'S 
 
 :a" 
 
 V, 
 
 '?i 
 
 •p! 
 
 ■a 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 C4 
 
 to 
 
 U3 
 
 to 
 
 lO 
 
 ■di 
 
 w 
 
 s 
 
 M 
 
 e-i 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 00 
 
 t» 
 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 •* 
 
 ■a 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 '^ 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U3 
 
 W 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 paOOP«feP-<PaoopnP^O-<^)pcIOc5pMP^O<) 
 
 ■> > |i > .- .£: .^ :3 :3 :3 :a' :a' .J .-• .-• P P 'P 'p 'P 'P ►< M >i 
 aoo>t>^t6toiO'^^coeoocic>o>oooot>^t^cD'^'^-^coc^ 
 
 Mf-I Ni-> Csl^H 64 COr-( C4t-I NrH Ni-H 
 
 CO ^ 
 
 0«&,o<jsocjpati.o«!;pi!P50PB5P=(0-a;wp:o 
 
 h .& :a :a :a :a' :a" :3' eq -I ,J 'S 'p 'p 'Jj 'p M t< 'A .3 .K -^ 
 
 C^i-( 
 
 odt^aot^toeoe-104- . .^oosaoooaotDCO'O-^co 
 
 O r-l Ol <M '-' 
 O O O 
 t» t- t~ 
 
 «OP<]feO<Jpi!FqOP->lfeOOB 
 
 :a' .„• 
 
 > ia !3 a 
 
 •fi -P 
 
 K y, H 
 
 O P <) fe o 
 
 :5 ;3 
 
 U5 lO •* to CO 
 
 C4 N rt 
 
 IM t-H CO r-c 
 
 -Ij &4 
 
 o 63 n o p «; 
 
 o o w » &< P 
 
 P=, O C! w fq fe p 
 
 CO CO C-l «-H 
 
 N 1-1 CO .-1 
 
 
 feP<)Woownfap<jwoopn&<p<!Paoop« 
 
 ■p 'P 
 
 l«! !-! .2 .5 .S 
 
 -H Q 00 
 
 rt CO CI 
 
 CO M 1-1 ^ 1-1 i-1 O 
 M 1-1 e^ rt CO r-l 
 
 pLjoopn&<p-<iiciioopnpc(0-sipqoopw(itO-«] 
 
 .^ 
 
 ._• 
 
 k! 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 K 
 
 ►< 
 
 X 
 
 2 
 
 H 
 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 (> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 >■ 
 
 > 
 
 « 
 
 e» 
 
 C) 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 Ji 
 
 *" 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ■o 
 
 •* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 2 
 
 CI 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 a» 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o<iw«c5pmp=<o«i)panop-«ipt.o<!wscp<;fe 
 
 =a -a -p "p M ►<• « .^ i .H 
 
 i3 :3 :a' :a* 
 > > > > 
 
 ■p ■? ■>■>>> > 
 
 04 1-1 CO N rt C-J 1-1 
 
 e« rH t-l o CJ 
 O* 1-1 CO rH 
 
 «op<JP^o<)pqacjp«<)P=<oop^nop<iP^ocjP3 
 
 -j! 
 
 •<1< 
 
 04 
 
 04" 
 
 oi 
 
 04 
 
 - 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 oi 
 
 o 
 
 OJ 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 to' 
 
 lO 
 
 04 
 
 >o 
 
 ■* 
 
 04 
 
 e>i 
 
 ■^ 
 
 04 
 
 s : 
 
 O 
 
 P4 
 
 n 
 
 Ph 
 
 P 
 
 <1 
 
 &< 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 H 
 
 R 
 
 p^ 
 
 P 
 
 <J 
 
 p^ 
 
 O 
 
 C 
 
 pa 
 
 P3 
 
 s^ 
 
 P 
 
 <) 
 
 H 
 
 o 1 
 
 M 
 
 •A 
 
 « 
 
 M 
 
 ■d 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ^ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a' 
 
 :=• 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 lO 
 
 \d 
 
 s 
 
 04 
 
 OJ 
 
 04 
 
 2 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 04 
 
 o 
 
 C9 
 
 oo 
 
 00 
 
 oo 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 04 
 
 lO 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 04 
 
 2 
 
 at 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 o 
 o 
 
 l-t 
 OS 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 -4 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 OS 
 
 1-1 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 § 
 
 t^ 
 
 s 
 
 1-1 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 1-1 
 
 (ft
 
 'x '« 'S '3 V. y, « M .S .id 
 
 c; GO 00 CD <:o CO lo .^ CO t>i 
 
 ( 395 ) 
 
 C5HMfc(Q<JPi<OC! 
 
 (N rH 
 
 N 1-1 
 
 (M 
 
 .-I rH nH O 
 
 M i-( C*3 W 
 
 to M eq 
 
 -sJHOC5HnpMP<JHOOWWIi(Q<!WOOQfq(i(P<)H 
 
 :a :3 :3 
 
 ■a 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 « 
 
 >< 
 
 .H 
 
 .a 
 
 .a 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 i> 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 >; 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 
 13 
 
 i3 
 
 :a 
 
 crs 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 t- 
 
 t. 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 ■>}i 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 (M 
 
 ai 
 
 rt' 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 (^l 
 
 C!PM|i(P<)BOCiiPPq(i(P<JH 
 
 OPFPPqO<jHOOP 
 
 >: 
 
 «■ 
 
 M 
 
 « 
 
 >< 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ^ 
 
 fc- 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 ;3 
 
 :3 
 
 :S 
 
 :3 
 
 -• 
 
 .^• 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 QO 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 U5 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CVJ 
 
 « 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r-i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 a m cis p n fe 
 
 • :^ :g d -A 
 
 o«;HnoRppfeo<) 
 
 wop 
 
 <J f^ M 
 •-5 -A X 
 
 M i-l CO 
 
 
 CO lO kO 
 
 CONl-Hl-HOOt^US 
 (M iH CO N rH IM rH 
 
 lO CO CO 
 
 Q<^PL,o<]Hnop<jfeo 
 > V ■> ■> ■> ■>■>>>>!; .t 
 
 COc4N'-H»-^0050000I>»t*»0 
 
 <ij P^ w o 
 
 <^feooHniip<^ 
 
 (M rH CO i-H 
 
 lO ■* •* CO 
 
 
 CQ CO »* 
 
 eo eo CO 
 
 3P^P<)P^OoaHpHP<)(i(OC5H«|i(P<JHOOWffl|i( 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 _> 
 
 > 
 
 ig 
 
 :3 
 
 :g 
 
 :n 
 
 :;3 
 
 .„• 
 
 .A 
 
 .^• 
 
 :a 
 
 '3 
 
 =a 
 
 '?< 
 
 W 
 
 'm 
 
 « 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 <» 
 
 « 
 
 l^ 
 
 t> 
 
 CO 
 
 e-1 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 d 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 
 «^ 
 
 Iffl 
 
 •o 
 
 <JHOiiW«P^R<JW 
 
 o w m fe p <jj H 
 
 o p fq pc< p <jj H 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 :a 
 
 :S 
 
 :;3 
 
 .«• 
 
 .„• 
 
 ■A 
 
 
 :a 
 
 'S 
 
 '>< 
 
 ■R 
 
 >< 
 
 >< 
 
 k" 
 
 M 
 
 CI 
 
 ■* 
 
 •* 
 
 N 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 N 
 
 O 
 
 g 
 
 05 
 
 OS 
 
 CD 
 
 S 
 
 •* 
 
 C4 
 
 00 
 (N 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 o 
 
 <» 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ol 
 
 1> 
 
 CO 
 
 ;i,0<jWOOPnfeO<()HOOPW^O<jHWc5PPqpRO 
 
 > > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 .-: 
 
 .„• 
 
 .-H- 
 
 ■f< 
 
 K 
 
 l«! 
 
 « 
 
 i< 
 
 
 « 
 
 «" 
 
 n 
 
 _« 
 
 « 
 
 :a 
 
 '' ^ 
 
 U5 
 
 CO 
 
 3 
 
 N 
 
 IN 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 1^ 
 
 «^ 
 
 
 U5 
 ©J 
 
 
 IN 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 C) 
 
 IN 
 
 rH 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 09 
 CI 
 
 OJ 
 
 «> 
 
 (N 
 
 HP;opm(x(0<iiHmoPfpp^o<<aeqe!P<jpRO«!*H« 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :b 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 ■-• 
 
 — • 
 
 —• 
 
 K 
 
 X 
 
 >^ 
 
 >< 
 
 X 
 
 >< 
 
 H 
 
 « 
 
 H 
 
 ,« 
 
 « 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 (N 
 
 lO 
 
 •« 
 
 IN 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 t» 
 
 CO 
 !N 
 
 CD 
 
 ■* 
 
 IN 
 
 •* 
 
 CO 
 
 IN 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 n 
 
 09 
 
 05 
 
 C.OHPPOP<3fe 
 
 "H 'K 
 
 :3 ;3 :3 
 
 d rH M 
 
 IN rH M 
 
 pqpL,p<JP^OCI^fflP^R<1(i(OC5apqfeP<(HOOWWPc, 
 :3 :3 :a •- — * -A '« K '(^ « '>< >< «' ^^i -id -td -id > '? '> > > V > > > 
 
 CO CD CO lo -^ 
 
 CO t~ 00 
 
 IN rH eo IN 
 
 00 00 CO 
 
 CO f-t ^^ 
 
 c;pwPHP<5HocsRmfeP<!jwoopm&(0<jP£i 
 
 O P 
 
 :a .-• ■-; ._; 
 
 « 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Cl 
 
 CO 
 
 « 
 
 ■* 
 
 '^ 
 
 IN 
 
 gi 
 
 « 
 
 -: 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 c> 
 
 2 
 
 tC 
 
 c5 
 
 t>. 
 
 CO 
 
 H<' 
 
 •^ 
 
 CO 
 
 IN 
 
 IN 
 
 rH- 
 
 eo 
 
 l> 
 
 i-H 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 00 
 rH 
 
 •-t 
 
 05 
 i-H 
 1> 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 1> 
 
 rH 
 
 00 
 iM 
 
 rH 
 
 C2 
 
 7-1 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 ,-t 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-1 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 «> 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 !>. 
 
 •-< 
 
 1-1 
 
 IM 
 
 rH 
 
 IM 
 
 r-t 
 
 00 
 
 i-H 
 
 05 
 IM 
 
 1-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 CO 
 
 iM 
 
 CO 
 r-i 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 -*l 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 ID 
 CO 
 F-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 00 
 
 eo 
 
 03 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 rH 
 
 
 CO 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 1-i 
 
 CO 
 ■<? 
 
 rH 
 
 ■rH 
 
 00 
 
 r-t 
 
 05 
 rH 
 
 O 
 
 rH
 
 ( 396 ) 
 
 r-l <M 1-1 
 
 :a :a •" 
 
 &4 P <J H O C5 
 :3 i3 :3 :a :d :a 
 
 (M W fH ^ O C5 C5 
 
 O O fi K fe <^ 
 
 d 
 
 •M 
 
 .^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 ■■a 
 
 V. 
 
 :a 
 
 ■fi 
 
 S 
 
 "j< 
 
 « 
 
 M 
 
 K 
 
 t4 
 
 \A 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 ^^ 
 
 :a 
 > 
 
 ■P 
 
 ■P 
 
 'P 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 eo 
 
 CD 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 o 
 
 w 
 
 lO 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 « 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 g 
 
 OJ 
 
 00 
 C4 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 N 
 
 lO 
 
 ■« 
 
 m li, o -s] w 
 
 noRSfeo<HWc5onP^o<)wpqop 
 ■'' :a 3 :3 :a .^ .^ .-: . . . 
 
 C« rH 
 
 .a .a 
 
 M r-l 
 
 CO CO 
 
 C4 i-H 
 
 C4 
 
 O fi <! (i. O 
 '3 '3 'H m" k" 
 
 i-H eo i-H 
 
 OHflOfi<;pHOO««C5P 
 3 :3 ia :3 :a :3 .J .j 
 ■^ -^ ■ " ■ " 
 
 •i^ .a .a 
 
 r^ t>C CO »o 
 
 6i rA 
 
 n 91 rt 
 
 <N rH CO W 
 
 p! '3 M ^': ti .i :i 
 
 a 3 a :a 
 > > > > 
 
 o 1^ m P^ 
 
 :a' .-: 
 
 fi-aJ&iOOHmpHP-ol 
 ■>■>>>> .^ .S :a' :'a* ia 
 
 •^eomMi-iOCda^caaD 
 
 & J5 
 
 t^ o lO -»< eo 
 
 •^ eo 1-1 i-i o 
 
 e* 1-1 C4 rH 
 
 o 03 « 
 
 P<;WCOP3P^P<!«OC2Pnp^P<J«OCPP&^ 
 >< m" >< 
 
 lO'^C-lC^rHrHOOCOL'i'^^^^^^^COrH 
 
 N rH 
 
 C4 
 
 CO d 
 
 >- ■■- 3 :a :3 :a 
 
 •-< 00 00 «> 
 
 M 1-1 CI fH 
 
 oopn&<o<jHo 
 
 .: J 3 i3 :3 :a :a' :a' •-" 
 .2 .S > > > > 
 
 eo eo 
 
 opp;&<o<;hocp«&hO-sjh 
 
 « IH 
 
 a* •-> 
 
 :a •- .rJ 
 
 > > > 
 
 iH -; O 
 
 > > :>■ 
 
 :3 :3 :2 :a" :3 
 
 ooo^csiacsiooo 
 
 N rH eo C>J 
 
 <j K o c p <; fe 
 3 3 :a 3 3 .- .- 
 
 <;weop<;(iio-<Kaop<;p^o 
 
 -• .«• i^ >i 
 
 eo C» rH M -H 
 
 ooooot^to-^eocj 
 
 N rH CO M O 
 
 c5P<;fe!^ow»op<; 
 
 (i,oownop<ifeooHW 
 
 >- > > > 
 
 A GO CO CD lO 
 
 CO CO C<l -^ 
 
 :a :a 
 
 rH O tC 
 
 e» rH eo e>l rl (M rH 
 
 ■9 -3 -H -a 
 
 CO ei ei o 
 
 rH N rH 
 
 HHP^P<!WOc5«PqfeP<5WOOW«&.P<)WOC5 
 
 > > > > > .2 
 ca 00 t>r *> CD lo 
 
 •.a :a .-; 
 
 ■^ CO rH Oi 
 
 N rH <-l 
 
 CO e* CO rH 
 
 P <J W 
 
 OPSfeR<SOC5P?Q6HPH<JWOaPM|i| 
 
 rH O 00 00 
 (N rH n rH 
 
 CD lO CO CI rH -i O 
 
 M rH eo 
 
 pqfeo<;w?H0PP5liiO<;w«0 
 > > ;g ig 3 :a :a :a* .-• .-• .-• '3 "S '3 "d 
 
 P«|i)0<JH«C5P 
 ■R >^* y. K .^* .Jd .a > > 
 
 3 
 
 5? 
 
 »Q 
 
 O 
 
 § 
 
 e» 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 id 
 
 eo 
 
 « 
 
 2 
 
 ei 
 
 (M 
 
 d 
 
 o" 
 
 S 
 
 00 
 
 g 
 
 or' 
 
 t^l 
 
 
 s 
 
 •^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 00 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 eo 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 hH 
 
 1^ 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 l-H 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 US 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 1> 
 
 00 
 
 
 § 
 
 rH 
 
 
 r-( 
 
 rH 
 
 r-l 
 
 l-H 
 
 eo 
 
 «D 
 
 rH 
 1-1 
 
 -*< 
 »o 
 
 i-H 
 rH 
 
 U5 
 
 r-l 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 -H 
 rH 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 l-H 
 rH 
 
 3 
 
 rH 
 
 r-l 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 rH 
 
 O 
 
 r-l 
 
 r-{ 
 
 CD 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 r-< 
 r-l 
 
 1^ 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 l-H 
 
 l-H 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 r-l 
 
 r-l 
 
 IM 
 
 rH 
 r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 t-l 
 
 rH 
 rH
 
 p m (i( Q <J H o 
 
 > 13 
 
 ( 397 ) 
 
 pq fe O <J W O O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 Q 
 
 P5 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 •r-H 
 
 .„. 
 
 M 
 
 ■^ 
 
 'Pi 
 
 ■a 
 
 '« 
 
 '?! 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 
 « 
 
 .d 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t» 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 1:- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ca rH CO rH 
 
 CO CO N 
 
 p:iC5fiMfeO<JHfflC50<5PNC<)HmOfi 
 
 
 <j fM o <j s n c5 
 
 .; .T .r w « w -d 
 
 C<l 
 
 ■* 
 
 ci 
 
 
 s' 
 
 S 
 
 N 
 
 C3 
 
 
 o 
 
 id 
 
 ei 
 
 •^ 
 i- 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 2 
 
 '^ 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 ro 
 
 00 
 
 OO 
 04 
 
 si 
 
 CO 
 
 
 <1 
 
 h 
 
 O 
 
 <! 
 
 M 
 
 pq 
 
 C5 
 
 ft 
 
 <^ 
 
 ;i< 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 (i( 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 W 
 
 o 
 
 fi 
 
 <! 
 
 P^ 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :g 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 :a 
 
 .„. 
 
 
 
 'i 
 
 :3 
 
 'm 
 
 'Pi 
 
 "p! 
 
 'p. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 .2 
 
 .d 
 
 M 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :g 
 
 > 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 'Si 
 
 CO 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ira 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 co" 
 
 M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 t> 
 
 oi 
 
 feP<5PHOOW«pt( 
 
 :3 :3 
 
 CO CO 
 
 H 
 
 ■< 
 
 W 
 
 U 
 
 O 
 
 W 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 'H 
 
 "P 
 
 •p! 
 
 t< 
 
 <j> 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 n 6h p <j 
 
 H O C5 W « P^ P 
 :3 13 :3 :a :3 :3 .-; 
 
 ra — " rt r-l Oi 
 
 C<l iH CO C^ 
 
 CO C^ rH I— ( O <— ' Ci 
 
 0<1 rH CO M i-l CO I-H 
 
 HOOHPQ|i<P<1H 
 
 
 0!iPBp:(P<llilOO 
 
 ;a :3 
 
 p n ph p <j s o 
 
 :a :3 :3 :3 .4 .^ . 
 
 id 
 
 CO 
 
 id 
 
 ■* 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 CO 
 
 rt 
 
 O 
 CO 
 
 §■ 
 
 OS 
 
 IM 
 
 oo' 
 
 t> 
 
 
 id 
 
 ■* 
 
 N 
 
 ■<s 
 
 eo" 
 
 ed 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 C4 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 oi 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 eo 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 co 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 p^ 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 p 
 
 w 
 
 Pq 
 
 O 
 
 <^ 
 
 P^ 
 
 m 
 
 CS 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 Ph 
 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 fi) 
 
 P5 
 
 o 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 Ph 
 
 O 
 
 ol 
 
 .„• 
 
 .J 
 
 .J 
 
 ^p; 
 
 ^p; 
 
 
 ■p 
 
 •P 
 
 M 
 
 y. 
 
 P 
 
 P 
 
 p 
 
 p 
 
 > 
 
 3 
 
 '> 
 
 :3 
 > 
 
 "> 
 
 :3 
 > 
 
 "> 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 ■i 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 CD 
 
 s 
 
 lO 
 
 M 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 :^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C<l 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 «> 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 CO 
 
 C4 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 c5 
 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 f^ 
 
 CJ 
 
 <1 
 
 pi^ 
 
 pq 
 
 O 
 
 p 
 
 <J 
 
 t^ 
 
 o 
 
 <5 
 
 W 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 P4 
 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 p£l 
 
 pq 
 
 Ci3 
 
 "K 
 
 :3 
 
 i 
 
 M 
 
 ■p, 
 
 ■p. 
 
 M 
 
 « 
 
 « 
 
 •P 
 
 ■p 
 
 3 
 > 
 
 :3 
 
 > 
 
 13 
 > 
 
 :3 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 t» 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ■* 
 
 94 
 
 CO 
 
 iH 
 
 IM 
 
 
 IH 
 
 § 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 " 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •* 
 
 =0 
 
 •* 
 
 •4 
 
 CO 
 
 C4 
 
 
 r-4 
 
 c5P^pqiiP<1feOiiP^mP^P<!P^OCJpqpq 
 :3 :3 :3 :3 :3 .^- ._; 
 
 ^ p <j ph o es p^ 
 
 nri 
 
 m" 
 
 t^ 
 
 J>^ 
 
 O 
 
 id 
 
 id 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 e-i 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^* 
 
 o 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 t-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ri" 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 '^ 
 
 Ph 
 
 P 
 
 <J 
 
 \H 
 
 U 
 
 O 
 
 M 
 
 pq 
 
 pq 
 
 P 
 
 <j 
 
 pa 
 
 U 
 
 o 
 
 pq 
 
 pq 
 
 P^H 
 
 R 
 
 < 
 
 K 
 
 o 
 
 c5 
 
 pq 
 
 pq 
 
 P=( 
 
 p 
 
 P 
 
 P 
 
 p 
 
 _P 
 
 .a 
 
 P 
 
 
 13 
 > 
 
 la 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :a 
 
 ■> 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ^^' 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 ia 
 
 :a 
 
 :3 
 
 -.3 
 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 oo 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 !>. 
 
 id 
 
 ■* 
 
 lO 
 
 -H 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,4 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 . 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 eo 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 pR 
 
 p 
 
 <i 
 
 'A 
 
 u 
 
 C5 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 h 
 
 O 
 
 <1 
 
 pq 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 p 
 
 pq 
 
 p^ 
 
 o 
 
 <1 
 
 pq 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 _P 
 
 P 
 
 _P 
 
 
 ■3 
 '? 
 
 :3 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 :3 
 
 '> 
 
 •P 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 _>" 
 
 :3 
 
 ig 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 .J 
 
 .„. 
 
 
 . 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 f^ 
 
 -.; 
 
 CO 
 
 m 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 t> 
 
 ira 
 
 'J* 
 
 •* 
 
 .* 
 
 CO 
 
 c.; 
 
 0<s<HOOPMP^O<-pL|pqoppqpHO<jpqpqci3p 
 
 .p I % 'i % '■> V ■? •? > t: >• i .i .t i3 ;a :3 :3 :3 .^ .^- 
 
 pq ph o -jj 
 
 •^ =3 i -i 
 
 '-' 
 
 CO 
 
 -' 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 - 
 
 CO t^ 
 IN 
 
 CO 
 
 ■*" 
 
 00 
 
 f-( 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ==^' 
 
 "^ 
 
 rH 
 
 tC 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 82. 16. 
 83. C. 
 
 26. 
 
 Til 
 
 ■« 
 
 ■< 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 <^ 
 
 w 
 
 pq 
 
 [i 
 
 P 
 
 <! PR 
 
 CJ 
 
 O 
 
 w 
 
 pq 
 
 o 
 
 R 
 
 <J 
 
 Ph 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 pq 
 
 pq o p 
 
 <J 
 
 P:< 
 
 V. --^ 
 
 
 nq 
 
 M 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 CD 
 
 1^ 
 
 00 
 
 Ol 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 IN 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 ira 
 
 CD 
 
 !>. 
 
 00 
 
 cn 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 ,-i 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 !>■ 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 !>. 
 
 
 
 t-» 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 (T) 
 
 on 
 
 lYI 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 r>- 
 
 r-'. 
 
 1^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 r^ 
 
 I^ 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 X^ 
 
 J^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 r- 
 
 1^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 t>. 
 
 
 
 
 r-l 
 
 i-( 
 
 1—1 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 —H 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 r^ 
 
 
 1— 1 
 
 1—1 
 
 r—i 
 
 rH 
 
 1—1 
 
 r-l 
 
 
 1-1 
 
 -H 
 
 
 iH 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 CD 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 C5 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 -f 
 
 lO 
 
 CD 
 
 1^ 
 
 00 
 
 C3 
 
 o 
 
 f-{ 
 
 IN 
 
 CO 
 
 -n 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 R 
 
 t^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 r^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 a) 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 m 
 
 05 
 
 Ci 
 
 C5 
 
 <T5 
 
 iTl 
 
 
 
 
 
 r-l 
 
 ■—1 
 
 r-l 
 
 r-l 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 rH 
 
 
 I-I 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 rH 
 
 •-I 
 
 r-l 
 
 rH 
 
 r-l 
 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 <N
 
 fe O <1 K pq O P 
 
 ( 398 ) 
 
 n 5^ o << H m c5 
 
 N « « 1-1 rH 
 
 W r-( CO rH 
 
 to o m 
 
 q <j (i, O <; B fQ 
 i > 3 :5 ia :a :a 
 
 lO CO CO O 0% 
 
 fi<lfeooHWc5«<)&^oiiwm;i(fiijiiHOc5 
 
 >>>>>>>>>> 
 
 i3 :d 
 
 O O 
 
 W W Ph 
 
 Q<1EL,Oc5WfflP^ 
 
 i>»oic-<3*cocoiMMr; 
 
 .fc ;•■ a 
 
 o> o » 
 
 a 
 
 CO 1^ 00 
 
 O <^ W O O W W 
 :a :a -.a .„• .j .„• 'R 
 
 M r-1 
 
 M ^ ua 
 
 eo » N 
 
 <J B O O fi M (i( 
 
 R <1 
 
 .i ;a 
 
 WOOOWfeO-aJWOCO 
 
 usco»o^cocqwwooofr*co 
 
 N r1 IM r-< 
 
 ss' 
 
 o 
 
 id 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 ■a 
 
 a 
 
 •f5 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 W5 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 IN 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 li( 
 
 O 
 
 <i 
 
 w 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 Q 
 
 n 
 
 f^ 
 
 o 
 
 ■< 
 
 W 
 
 P5 
 
 O 
 
 fi 
 
 pq 
 
 |i( 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 :2 
 
 :2 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 :3 
 
 .„• 
 
 .J 
 
 .^ 
 
 'i< 
 
 'S 
 
 M 
 
 "m 
 
 •P' 
 
 ■R 
 
 M 
 
 p< 
 
 OS 
 
 t> 
 
 
 CO 
 
 to 
 
 <N 
 
 -j< 
 
 •* 
 
 C4 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 0> 
 
 XI 
 
 ci 
 
 a 
 
 s 
 
 t> 
 
 
 to 
 
 >o 
 
 
 s 
 
 HSOP<!feO<JWPqc50«<!feO0WmCQ-a) 
 
 oi t> 
 
 . :d ra :S 
 
 or) t^ to 
 
 M i-< 
 
 (M « n 1-1 o ® 
 
 <» 00 
 CI n 
 
 X K .3 
 
 C^ to U5 
 
 P <! 
 
 i3 a 
 
 |i( O C 
 :a :S :3 
 
 WMCSP^JPhOCHC; 
 
 Ph P Hi P:* O dJ 
 
 ►<• .d .d .d I I 
 
 N 
 
 <% 
 
 
 to 
 
 >o 
 
 to 
 
 C4 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 c^ 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 TO 
 
 S 
 
 a 
 
 g 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 t> 
 
 CO 
 
 « 
 
 |i( 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 » 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 w 
 
 n 
 
 [^ 
 
 p 
 
 < 
 
 W 
 
 o 
 
 C5 
 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 p 
 
 < 
 
 fH 
 
 .-• 
 
 :a 
 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ^g 
 
 V. 
 
 :3 
 
 x 
 
 V. 
 
 Pi 
 
 y. 
 
 « 
 
 V. 
 
 .a 
 
 _t< 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 
 '> 
 
 CS 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 to 
 
 t^ 
 
 U5 
 
 to 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 N 
 
 9i 
 
 1 
 
 -1 
 
 s 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 o> 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 t>. 
 
 Kj H O O P 
 
 '■n =3 ^s 
 
 pqfep<iwoopn&(0<)woiip 
 
 3 :3 3 
 
 11 o o o> oo 
 
 'S 'R V. y. ti 
 
 00 to CO CO to 
 
 .:2 .2 > 
 
 <n' ri « 1-1 n ,-1 
 
 > > 
 
 OS 00 
 
 e< 1-1 c<i r-i 
 
 p^a<-HPqOPn;i^ 
 
 <JWP3c5p«i1(i.O<!KPq 
 
 V, 
 
 :a 
 
 •a 
 
 ■p 
 
 '« 
 
 « 
 
 M 
 
 •A 
 
 !;< 
 
 J^ 
 
 X 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 '? 
 
 > 
 
 "? 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 ^J 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 
 OS 
 
 l> 
 
 t» 
 
 to 
 
 lO 
 
 ■* 
 
 i; 
 
 CO 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 e^ 
 
 C^t 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 V. 
 
 '3 
 
 M 
 
 ^'i 
 
 X 
 
 « 
 
 _!;< 
 
 « 
 
 V 
 
 ■p 
 
 "p 
 
 > 
 
 '> 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 
 ei 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 O 
 
 cn 
 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 in 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 TO 
 
 
 c<i 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 c* 
 
 
 
 
 
 TO 
 
 fH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 <N 
 
 oc5wwfeP<^&<oc3snpL(P<jHCJO«mp^ 
 
 M 
 
 K 
 
 y. 
 
 .!;;J 
 
 K 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 > 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 OS 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 to 
 
 ics 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 p4 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 TO 
 
 1-1 
 
 
 M 
 
 rH 
 
 
 w 
 
 1-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 m 
 
 fT> 
 
 O 
 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 >o 
 
 CD 
 
 I^ 
 
 on 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 -H 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 m 
 
 no 
 
 nn 
 
 ^^ 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 Ci 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 Oi 
 
 OS 
 
 Oi 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 i-l 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t- 
 
 .-1 
 
 t>. 
 
 l> 
 
 1— 1 
 
 l> 
 
 t^ 
 
 1—1 
 
 rH 
 
 y-\ 
 
 rH 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 y-\ 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 *n 
 
 ira 
 
 O 
 
 t^ 
 
 CD 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 r-H 
 
 iM 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 LO 
 
 IX) 
 
 i^ 
 
 on 
 
 <Si 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 <-) 
 
 <-> 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 1— ( 
 
 1-1 
 
 1-1 
 
 rH 
 
 r-l 
 
 
 ?— 1 
 
 y—i 
 
 rH 
 
 
 (M 
 
 IM 
 
 i-l 
 
 
 (M 
 
 IM 
 r-l 
 
 I-l 
 
 f-l 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 !M 
 
 IM 
 
 l-H 
 
 IM 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 (M 
 
 1-1 
 
 IM 
 
 rH 
 
 IM 
 
 rH 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 <M 
 
 rH 
 
 IM 
 
 IM 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 IM
 
 ( 399 ) 
 
 TABLE 
 
 FOB 
 
 CONVERTING ENGLISH INCHES INTO MILLIMETRES 
 
 AND THE 
 
 MEASURES OF MIONNET'S SCALE. 
 
 English Inches 
 
 
 Fben 
 zoo 
 
 95 
 90 
 85 
 80 
 75 
 70 
 6S 
 60 
 55 
 50 
 45 
 40 
 35 
 SO 
 25 
 20 
 15 
 10 
 5 
 
 CH Millimetres 
 
 
 3-5 
 
 ^ 
 
 25 
 
 2- 
 
 IS 
 
 1- 
 ■9 
 •8 
 •7 
 
 •5 
 •5 
 
 •4 
 •3 
 •2 
 •X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 /Iionnet'sScale 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 ' — ■ s— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 _ —g; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 ( 400 ) 
 
 TABLE 
 
 on IHB 
 
 EELATIVE WEIGHTS OF 
 ENGLISH GRAINS and FRENCH GRAMMES. 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 1 
 
 •064 
 
 41 
 
 2-656 
 
 81 
 
 5-248 
 
 121 
 
 7-840 
 
 2 
 
 •129 
 
 42 
 
 2-7-20 
 
 82 
 
 5-312 
 
 122 
 
 7-905 
 
 3 
 
 •194 
 
 43 
 
 2-785 
 
 83 
 
 5-378 
 
 123 
 
 7-970 
 
 4 
 
 •259 
 
 44 
 
 2-850 
 
 84 
 
 5-442 
 
 124 
 
 8-035 
 
 5 
 
 •324 
 
 45 
 
 2-915 
 
 85 
 
 5-508 
 
 125 
 
 8-100 
 
 6 
 
 •388 
 
 46 
 
 2-980 
 
 86 
 
 5-572 
 
 126 
 
 8-164 
 
 7 
 
 •453 
 
 47 
 
 3045 
 
 87 
 
 5-637 
 
 127 
 
 8^2-29 
 
 8 
 
 •518 
 
 48 
 
 3110 
 
 88 
 
 5-702 
 
 128 
 
 8-294 
 
 9 
 
 •583 
 
 49 
 
 3-175 
 
 89 
 
 5-767 
 
 129 
 
 8-359 
 
 10 
 
 •648 
 
 50 
 
 3-240 
 
 90 
 
 5-832 
 
 130 
 
 8-424 
 
 11 
 
 •712 
 
 51 
 
 3304 
 
 91 
 
 5-896 
 
 131 
 
 8-488 
 
 12 
 
 •777 
 
 52 
 
 3-368 
 
 92 
 
 5-961 
 
 132 
 
 8-553 
 
 13 
 
 •842 
 
 53 
 
 3-434 
 
 93 
 
 6-026 
 
 133 
 
 8-618 
 
 14 
 
 •907 
 
 54 
 
 3-498 
 
 94 
 
 6-091 
 
 134 
 
 8-682 
 
 15 
 
 •972 
 
 55 
 
 3-564 
 
 95 
 
 6-156 
 
 135 
 
 8-747 
 
 16 
 
 1036 
 
 56 
 
 3-628 
 
 96 
 
 6-220 
 
 136 
 
 8-812 
 
 17 
 
 1^101 
 
 57 
 
 3^693 
 
 97 
 
 6-285 
 
 137 
 
 8-877 
 
 18 
 
 1166 
 
 58 
 
 3-758 
 
 98 
 
 6-350 
 
 138 
 
 8-942 
 
 19 
 
 1231 
 
 59 
 
 3-8*23 
 
 99 
 
 6-415 
 
 139 
 
 9-007 
 
 20 
 
 1296 
 
 60 
 
 3-888 
 
 100 
 
 6-480 
 
 140 
 
 9-072 
 
 21 
 
 1-360 
 
 61 
 
 3952 
 
 101 
 
 6-544 
 
 141 
 
 9-136 
 
 22 
 
 1-425 
 
 62 
 
 4017 
 
 102 
 
 6-609 
 
 142 
 
 9-200 
 
 23 
 
 1-490 
 
 63 
 
 4-082 
 
 103 
 
 6-674 
 
 143 
 
 9-265 
 
 24 
 
 1555 
 
 64 
 
 4-146 
 
 104 
 
 6-739 
 
 144 
 
 9-330 
 
 25 
 
 1-620 
 
 65 
 
 4-211 
 
 105 
 
 6-804 
 
 145 
 
 9-395 
 
 26 
 
 1-684 
 
 66 
 
 4-276 
 
 106 
 
 6-868 
 
 146 
 
 9-4(>0 
 
 27 
 
 1-749 
 
 67 
 
 4-341 
 
 107 
 
 6933 
 
 147 
 
 9-5'25 
 
 28 
 
 1-814 
 
 68 
 
 4-406 
 
 108 
 
 6-998 
 
 148 
 
 9-590 
 
 29 
 
 1-879 
 
 69 
 
 4-471 
 
 109 
 
 7-003 
 
 149 
 
 9-655 
 
 30 
 
 1944 
 
 70 
 
 4-536 
 
 110 
 
 7-128 
 
 150 
 
 9-720 
 
 31 
 
 2008 
 
 71 
 
 4-600 
 
 111 
 
 7-192 
 
 151 
 
 9-784 
 
 32 
 
 2073 
 
 7'Z 
 
 4-665 
 
 112 
 
 7-257 
 
 152 
 
 9-848 
 
 33 
 
 2-138 
 
 73 
 
 4-7-29 
 
 113 
 
 7-3-22 
 
 153 
 
 9-914 
 
 34 
 
 2-202 
 
 74 
 
 4-794 
 
 114 
 
 7-387 
 
 154 
 
 9978 
 
 35 
 
 2-267 
 
 75 
 
 4-859 
 
 115 
 
 7-452 
 
 155 
 
 10044 
 
 36 
 
 2332 
 
 76 
 
 4-924 
 
 116 
 
 7-516 
 
 156 
 
 10-108 
 
 37 
 
 2-397 
 
 77 
 
 4-989 
 
 117 
 
 7-581 
 
 157 
 
 10-173 
 
 38 
 
 2^462 
 
 78 
 
 5054 
 
 118 
 
 7^646 
 
 158 
 
 10238 
 
 39 
 
 2527 
 
 79 
 
 5-119 
 
 119 
 
 7-711 
 
 159 
 
 10-303 
 
 40 
 
 2-592 
 
 80 
 
 5-184 
 
 1-20 
 
 7-776 
 
 160 
 
 10-368
 
 ( 140 ) 
 
 TABLE 
 
 RELATIVE WEIGHTS OF 
 ENGLISH GRAINS and FRENCH GRAMMES. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 1 
 
 Grammes. 
 
 161 
 
 10-432 
 
 201 
 
 13-024 
 
 241 
 
 15-616 
 
 290 
 
 18-79 
 
 162 
 
 10-497 
 
 202 
 
 13-089 i 
 
 242 
 
 15-680 
 
 300 
 
 1944 
 
 163 
 
 10-562 
 
 203 
 
 13-154 
 
 243 
 
 15-745 
 
 310 
 
 20-08 
 
 164 
 
 10-626 
 
 204 
 
 13-219 
 
 244 
 
 15-810 
 
 320 
 
 20-73 
 
 165 
 
 10-691 
 
 205 
 
 13-284 
 
 245 
 
 15-875 
 
 330 
 
 21-38 
 
 166 
 
 10-756 
 
 206 
 
 13-348 
 
 246 
 
 15-940 
 
 340 
 
 22-02 
 
 167 
 
 10821 
 
 207 
 
 13-413 
 
 247 
 
 16-005 
 
 350 
 
 22-67 
 
 168 
 
 10-886 
 
 208 
 
 13-478 
 
 248 
 
 16-070 
 
 360 
 
 23 32 
 
 169 
 
 10-951 
 
 209 
 
 13543 
 
 249 
 
 16135 
 
 370 
 
 23-97 
 
 170 
 
 11-016 
 
 210 
 
 13-608 
 
 250 
 
 16-200 
 
 380 
 
 24-62 
 
 171 
 
 11-080 
 
 211 
 
 13-672 
 
 251 
 
 16-264 
 
 390 
 
 25-27 
 
 172 
 
 11-145 
 
 212 
 
 13-737 
 
 252 
 
 16-328 
 
 400 
 
 25-92 
 
 173 
 
 11-209 
 
 213 
 
 13-802 
 
 253 
 
 16394 
 
 410 
 
 26-56 
 
 174 
 
 11-274 
 
 214 
 
 13-867 
 
 254 
 
 16-458 
 
 420 
 
 27 20 
 
 175 
 
 11-339 
 
 215 
 
 13-932 
 
 255 
 
 16-524 
 
 430 
 
 27-85 
 
 176 
 
 11-404 
 
 216 
 
 13-996 
 
 256 
 
 16-588 
 
 440 
 
 28-50 
 
 177 
 
 11-469 
 
 217 
 
 14-061 
 
 257 
 
 16-653 
 
 450 
 
 29-15 
 
 178 
 
 11-534 
 
 218 
 
 14-126 
 
 258 
 
 16-718 
 
 460 
 
 29-80 
 
 179 
 
 11-599 
 
 219 
 
 14-191 
 
 259 
 
 16-783 
 
 470 
 
 3045 
 
 180 
 
 11-664 
 
 220 
 
 14-256 
 
 260 
 
 16-848 
 
 480 
 
 3110 
 
 181 
 
 11-728 
 
 221 
 
 14-320 
 
 261 
 
 16-912 
 
 490 
 
 31-75 
 
 182 
 
 11-792 
 
 222 
 
 14-385 
 
 262 
 
 16-977 
 
 500 
 
 32-40 
 
 183 
 
 11-858 
 
 223 
 
 14-450 
 
 263 
 
 17-042 
 
 510 
 
 33-04 
 
 184 
 
 11-922 
 
 224 
 
 14-515 
 
 264 
 
 17-106 
 
 520 
 
 33-68 
 
 185 
 
 11-988 
 
 225 
 
 14-580 
 
 265 
 
 17-171 
 
 530 
 
 34-34 
 
 186 
 
 12-052 
 
 226 
 
 14-644 
 
 266 
 
 17-236 
 
 540 
 
 34-98 
 
 187 
 
 12-117 
 
 227 
 
 14-709 
 
 267 
 
 17-301 
 
 550 
 
 35-64 
 
 188 
 
 12-182 
 
 228 
 
 14-774 
 
 268 
 
 17-366 
 
 560 
 
 36-28 
 
 189 
 
 12-247 
 
 229 
 
 14-839 
 
 269 
 
 17-431 
 
 570 
 
 36-93 
 
 190 
 
 12-312 
 
 230 
 
 14-904 
 
 270 
 
 17-496 
 
 580 
 
 37-58 
 
 191 
 
 12-376 
 
 231 
 
 14-968 
 
 271 
 
 17 560 
 
 590 
 
 38-23 
 
 192 
 
 12-441 
 
 232 
 
 15-033 
 
 272 
 
 17-625 
 
 600 
 
 38-88 
 
 193 
 
 12-506 
 
 233 
 
 15-098 
 
 273 
 
 17-689 
 
 700 
 
 45-36 
 
 194 
 
 12-571 
 
 234 
 
 15-162 
 
 274 
 
 17-754 
 
 800 
 
 51-84 
 
 195 
 
 12-636 
 
 235 
 
 15-227 
 
 275 
 
 17-819 
 
 900 
 
 58-32 
 
 196 
 
 12-700 
 
 236 
 
 15292 
 
 276 
 
 17-884 
 
 1000 
 
 64-80 
 
 197 
 
 12-765 
 
 237 
 
 15-357 
 
 277 
 
 17-949 
 
 2000 
 
 129-60 
 
 198 
 
 12-830 
 
 238 
 
 15-422 
 
 278 
 
 18-014 
 
 3000 
 
 194-40 
 
 199 
 
 12-895 
 
 239 
 
 15-487 
 
 279 
 
 18 079 
 
 4000 
 
 25920 
 
 200 
 
 12-900 
 
 240 
 
 15-552 
 
 280 
 
 18144 
 
 5000 
 
 32400 
 
 3 F
 
 u
 
 PL. I. 
 
 :^'J^ 
 
 ^Ci 
 
 '^.. 
 
 n 
 
 
 B A B A R 
 
 -5^ 
 
 ^ I 
 
 
 BABAR - HUM AY UN
 
 ^ '-. ' ^ ^, 
 
 PL.n. 
 
 j:^'^^- 
 
 :^/i^^U. 
 
 
 
 •"J^SSR, 
 
 43 
 
 
 AKBAR: GOLD
 
 PL. Ill 
 
 
 lip ^^& 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^5^2^ # 'W^^Id^) 
 
 
 
 
 
 & :'2;s5a 
 
 81 
 
 
 *'-^''<^.hZ\ 
 
 
 is^ s^ ^i ^1 
 
 82 
 
 ^^ 
 
 AKBAR: GOLD.
 
 <^s:>^. 
 
 PL. IV. 
 
 — s<»r 
 
 
 15^ 
 
 86 "^^^/C 
 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 
 
 • i II n n "^'^°»^ 
 
 132 
 
 151 
 
 AKBAR: SILVER
 
 f
 
 r 
 
 PL. V. 
 
 1^;.^^, ^^>ip 
 
 
 
 AKBAR: ILAHl GOLD
 
 PL. VI. 
 
 AKBAR: ILAHI SILVER
 
 PL.vn. 
 
 AKBAR. SILVER. COPPER.
 
 f
 
 PL . vm . 
 
 JAHANGIR . GOLD .
 
 PL. IX. 
 
 
 305 ^■:-: 
 
 
 ^;*..,-JP>"^-/y 
 
 
 317 
 
 ^1::^^- 
 
 
 
 318 
 
 '3%^ -^/wS^ y-W— /r' 
 
 JAHANGiR . GOLD
 
 PL.X. 
 
 J A H A NGI R. ZODI ACA L mohrs.
 
 PL XI. 
 
 LATE IMITATION HALF-RUPEES 
 
 J AHANgTr. zodiacal rupees, & IMITATIONS.
 
 PL. XII 
 
 i^li^i 
 
 I 
 
 ^t^gjgg**. 
 
 
 m§.Mss. 
 
 -f/y <-B -^ 
 
 *-•:/ 
 
 439 
 
 JAHANGIR . SILVER
 
 df^^ /ff^]\ 
 
 
 
 JAHANGIR . SILVER
 
 t
 
 PL. XIV. 
 
 JAHANGI R 
 
 i^^^ 4Bm. 
 
 'If 
 
 W^.SF^ 
 
 -r '. ^ ^ J 
 
 ^^-^^^^ •^J^a.s-^g^ -^^s.?^ 
 
 JAHANGIR & NUR-JAHAN. 
 
 527 
 DAWAR BAKHSH. 
 
 JAHANGIR. NUR-JAHAN. DAWAR BAKHSH 
 
 ki
 
 I
 
 
 529 'f^l^^ 
 
 PL lev: 
 
 ^. '''•^^^^>>' ^. y con /.i>--y.-- > 
 
 530 
 
 ?^-- 
 
 
 SS'f ■-"''.-■ 
 
 
 
 j^.*^-.-»j_j-^- " '^^.y^- •' ".-^7 1 Tail — • l';x^ ^' ■ 
 
 ^s['jZ:^y 5 68 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 577 
 
 SH AH-JAHAN. GOLD.
 
 PL. XVI 
 
 ^"/S^^ j^^3o^ 
 
 
 
 SHAH-JAHAN. SILVER
 
 FL.XVII 
 
 
 G69 
 S A RS 
 
 SH A H-JAHAN. SILVER &NISARS.
 
 PL.xvm. 
 
 AU RANCZI B 
 
 SHU.JA:,|V|URAD BAKHSH, AURANGZIB (gold)
 
 '1 
 
 :ij 
 
 ' • 
 
 «i
 
 !^f XIX, 
 
 i-^ifftr-. J-^. 
 
 
 
 733 '^j^y ^5^ '^^^^-^^734 
 732 
 
 742 
 
 
 AURANGZIB. SILVER
 
 PL .XX. 
 
 
 AURANCZIB 
 
 
 AVAM 
 
 / X85I 
 
 AURANGZiB, silver. A'ZAM.
 
 PL. XXI. 
 
 
 ■<^'jjij<. 
 
 
 If / III, , , ,, I I I JK i* 
 
 BAHADUR 
 
 KAM BAKHSH. BAHADUR
 
 f
 
 mz ^m 
 
 PL.XXII. 
 
 ^^. 
 
 '"^^ 4^^, *^^^^" 
 
 r^>^',v ^^.. "^^ ^^^43^ 
 
 » '>''•? 
 
 ;;'^;"J^'-:Sti^ 
 
 FARRUKH-SIYAR. 
 
 JAHANDAR. FARRUKH-SIYAR, GOLD.
 
 pLxxm. 
 
 ,:^^:i?^' y-'S^jy^A-- ..^^vi- 'r/JjTj^ 
 
 RAFI'-AD-DARAJAT 
 
 FARRUKH-SIYAR, silver. RAFhAD-DAR AJAT.
 
 :* 
 
 1
 
 PL .XXIV 
 
 
 946 
 
 ,/-'« 
 
 
 
 ir^-y 
 
 
 RAFI = -AD-DAULAH 
 
 
 953 X^/' 
 NIKU-SIYAR. 
 
 ! BRAHIM 
 
 RAFI'-AD-DAULAH. NIKU-SIYAR. IBRAHIM:
 
 PL. XXV. 
 
 
 
 958 
 
 
 
 >^^1^^ 
 
 /.. 
 
 «^ 
 
 Ul; 
 
 ^ i/ J y^. 
 
 
 976 
 
 CO LD. 
 
 977 
 
 ^^^S' 
 
 'j/z-Q ^ Y.^-^^ y^^:^ o^^\ 
 
 j ^^S^' J^^^li '^^^353 
 
 ^. E>J/ 101 
 
 Xv^^rii:^ 1019 Ny.C^. 
 
 M UHAM MAD
 
 PLXXYI 
 
 
 SHAH-JAHAN m. 
 
 AHMAD. ^ALAMGiR. IT. SHAH-JAHAN ffl
 
 PL.XXVll. 
 
 ■Wlio'^^^h, 
 
 -'X-^. 
 
 
 
 
 
 104 
 
 
 ''?->J«^=s^>^ ,,10 - 
 
 SH AHJAHANABAD 
 
 J/^^^9^ 
 
 
 ->/": 
 
 
 ARKAT 
 
 1129 
 AKBARABAD 
 
 SHAH-'ALAM
 
 PL.xxvin. 
 
 
 
 SHAH-ALAM
 
 PL. XXIX. 
 
 
 
 Z^^^-^J^ 1210 
 
 MUHAMMAD AKBAR II 
 
 1217 
 BAHADUR H 
 
 SHAH-ALAM-BAHADUR n
 
 I 
 
 !
 
 PL.XXK. 
 
 N 
 
 
 "^^i"^ 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 > ■•« . '-f®^'^-- ^f^^-'- ,#^^f^ 
 
 "^^13 '' ^y^-^ ^] r^^^^ ^^^^^ 
 
 .•^/ 
 
 r^\ - Z^f^^>, /^^^^ /^^^^^:- 
 
 
 28 v^:32*^-t^ ^^i^iJ^y 29 x:ii~5>^ 
 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY- MURSHIDABAD
 
 PL.XXXI. 
 
 
 FARRUKHABAD 
 
 PR 
 
 ^..^"■^'0,.. 
 
 
 C^ti' 
 
 66 
 
 rn'/r'^J 
 
 BENARES 
 
 ^^P}^:. « />.-?>W,%. 
 
 
 CALCUTTA 
 
 '^ 
 
 V^, 
 
 
 /-^ 
 
 -^ ^ 
 
 •* f1* V 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY
 
 PL.XXXU. 
 
 %mm 
 
 
 ^ «Mi« , 
 
 /R 
 
 V .> ♦- «» ^. vSj^ \ II -." "T / 
 
 /:2:i^'Sr: 
 
 
 148 
 
 45 
 MASULIPATAN 
 
 EAST INDIA COMPANY. FRENCH COMPANY.
 
 -^^^JJJ. 
 
 PLxxsm 
 
 «** 
 
 z:^ 
 
 
 ■JAHAN.
 
 IM, XXXIU 
 
 y;^ 
 
 V'- 
 
 ^54' 
 
 
 W.\ /.^"ilMM^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 :,p<^_^ , .j^. .ijur , »l/.i^-^IV^^j:0 \> ,. ^ c ' -^"^ J/^>)(' I-V^'W JITI-^^ *"<*-H 
 
 200-MOHR PIECE OF SHAH-JAHAN
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA T.IRRARY 
 
 University of California 
 
 SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 
 
 Return this material to the library 
 
 from which it was borrowed. 
 
 til] ^^ - tj 
 
 
 DUE 2 WKS FROM DATE RFCEiVED 
 
 JAN 1 7 2006
 
 A 000 196 091 
 
 
 1/
 
 >4-a 
 
 ^ \ 
 
 t; 
 
 ^r *'. 
 
 ') *- 
 
 ''> 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 ^ ?< //>