-^sr* Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of California, Davis Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/minesandmineral02clar MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF CALAVERAS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA By WILLIAM B. CLARK, Mining Geologist California Division of Mines and Geology and PHILIP A. LYDON, Mining Geologist California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 2 CALIFORNIA DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY FERRY BUILDING, SAN FRANCISCO, 1962 UNIYERSITY OF CALIFOI DAVIS STATE OF CALIFORNIA Edmund G. Brown, Governor THE RESOURCES AGENCY Hugo Fisher, Administrator DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION DeWitt Nelson, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY Ian Campbell, State Geologist COUNTY REPORT 2 Price $4.00 CONTENTS ABSTRACT 7 INTRODUCTION __..__ .... 9 GEOLOGY 11 General features __ ___ 1 1 Geologic structure 1 1 Rock units _ __ 13 Geologic history ____ 1 6 MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES 17 Antimony _ ___ 20 Asbestos 20 Barite ... 21 Cement (see limestone) ____ 93 Chromite _ - 21 Clay 22 Cobalt - 23 Copper-zinc 23 Dolomite (see limestone) : 93 Gold 32 Lode gold - 32 Placer gold — - 76 Iron 93 Lead ----- 93 Limestone (including caves, cement, dolomite) .-- 93 Manganese 104 Mineral paint 104 Molybdenum 105 Nickel _ _ 105 Platinum metals '- 106 Precious and semi-precious minerals 106 Quartz crystal 106 Quicksilver *- 107 Silica -•- 107 Silver -..-- 109 Stone 109 Tellurium 12 ° Tungsten 121 Uranium '^ Zinc (see copper-zinc) 23 BIBLIOGRAPHY 124 TABULATED LISTS 127 Antimony 1 28 Asbestos - - - 1 28 Chromite _ — — - - - 128 Clay.. 130 Cobalt - 131 Copper - - 131 Gold (lode) - - 1 34 Gold (placer) - ----- 189 (3) CONTENTS-Continued Iron ----- 210 Limestone 210 Manganese - - 211 Mineral paint - — 2 1 2 Quartz crystal 2 1 3 Quicksilver 213 Roofing granules 21 3 Silica 2 1 3 Stone 2 1 3 Tungsten — - 217 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate A. Geologic map of Calaveras County In pocket Plate B. Map of Calaveras County showing lode gold mines In pocket Plate C. Map of Calaveras County showing placer gold mines In pocket Plate D. Map of Calaveras County showing mines and mineral deposits other than gold — In pocket Figure 1. Index map showing location of Calaveras County 10 Figure 2. Map of the Angels Camp district showing geology and lode mines 34 Figure 3. Sketch map of the Murphys, Esmeralda, Washington, and Sheep Ranch districts, showing lode gold mines .._ 36 Figure 4. Sketch map of the West Point-Railroad Flat-Glencoe district, showing lode gold mines — . 38 Figure 5. Geologic map of the Carson Hill area 46 Figure 6. Longitudinal section of the Morgan-Melones gold mines at Carson Hill 48 Figure 7. Cross section through the Morgan-Melones shafts at Carson Hill 48 Figure 8. Longitudinal section of the Gwin gold mine 58 Figure 9. Cross section of Royal gold mine 68 Figure 10. Map of portions of the workings of the Gold Cliff, Madison, and Utica gold mines 73 Figure 11. Map showing Tertiary channels in Calaveras County 81 Figure 12. Map of principal channels of the Calaveras Central drift mine 85 Figure 13. Map of Calaveras County showing distribution of limestone deposits ... 94 Figure 14. Simplified map and flowsheet of Calaveras Cement Company plant... 99 Figure 15. Map of Valley Springs area showing distribution of serpentine and laterite 105 Figure 16. Map of Copperopolis area showing distribution of serpentine and laterite 106 Figure 17. Flowsheet of Pacific Clay Products plant 108 Figure 18. Schematic cross section of highway substructure 117 Figure 19. Map of top of Garnet Hill 122 Figure 20. Map of the Moore Creek mine 123 Frontispiece. Pardee Dam from Calaveras County side _. 6 Photo 1. Slate of Calaveras formation in roadcut north of San Andreas 12 Photo 2. Blocky greenstone in roadcut 3 miles west of San Andreas 12 Photo 3. Tombstone-like outcrops of greenstone in the Copperopolis area 12 Photo 4. Tertiary channel gravels in roadcut on Valley Springs-San Andreas road 14 Photo Rhyolite tuff of Valley Springs formation in roadcut near Mokelumne Hill 14 Photo 6. eiumne Table Mountain from O'Byrnes Ferry bridge 15 Photo 7. Surface plant of Keystone-Union copper mine 26 Photo 8. South shaft of Keystone-Union copper mine _ _. 26 Photo 9. Surface plant it Penn copper-zinc mine 29 (4) CONTENTS-Continued Photo 10. Mill at the Penn mine .._ 30 Photo 11. Shaft no. 3, Penn copper-zinc mine 31 Photo 12. Underground scene, Blackstone gold mine 42 Photo 13. Mill of Carson Hill Mining Corporation. ___ _ 45 Photo 14. Open cut at Calaveras mine, Carson Hill 49 Photo 15. Centennial (New Champion) mine and mill _ 50 Photo 16. Gwin gold mine about 1900 57 Photo 17. Gwin gold mine about 1900 57 Photo 18. Headframe and hoist house, Lockwood gold mine 61 Photo 19. Mar John gold mine 63 Photo 20. Mountain King gold mine and mill 65 Photo 21. Adit portal and surface plant, Right Bower mine 67 Photo 22. Surface plant, crushers, hoisting plant at Royal gold mine _ 69 Photo 23. Dump of the Sheep Ranch gold mine 70 Photo 24. Union gold mine 71 Photo 25. Surface plant of Woodhouse gold mine 75 Photo 26. Tailings pile at Del Oro hydraulic pit _. 78 Photo 27. Close-up of tailings in Del Oro pit 78 Photo 28. Headframe and washing plant, Spring Valley drift mine 79 Photo 29. Bucket-line dredge of Isabel Gold Dredging Company, Jenny Lind 80 Photo 30. Headframe of Altaville drift mine ____ 84 Photo 31. Calaveras Central drift mine ____ 86 Photo 32. Melones suction gold dredge, Stanislaus River opposite Melones 89 Photo 33. Washing plant, Mountain Gold Dredging Company at Double Springs 89 Photo 34. Headframe and surface plant. Slab Ranch drift mine_ 91 Photo 35. Stalactites and stalagmites in a Calaveras County cave 95 Photo 36. Calaveras Cement Company Quarry No. 4 96 Photo 37. Calaveras Cement Company Quarry No. 1 98 Photo 38. Calaveras Cement Company plant 100 Photo 39. Calaveras Cement Company plant rock storage shed 101 Photo 40. Pacific Clay Products pit at Camanche 107 Photo 41. Yard stockpile and building, Pacific Clay Products silica plant, Camanche 107 Photo 42. Pacific Clay Products silica sand plant, Camanche 109 Photo 43. Stone fence of rhyolite tuff near road north of Valley Springs 110 Photo 44. Neilsen sand and gravel plant _ 119 Photo 45. Peirano rhyolite tuff quarry 120 Photo 46. Garnet Hill 121 Photo 47. Mill at Moore Creek tungsten-molybednum-copper mine — 123 Frontispiece (next page), side. Photo by Mary Hill. Pardee Dam from Calaveras County (5) /1 (6) ABSTRACT Calaveras County, an area of 1,028 square miles, lies chiefly in the Sierra Nevada. The terrain ranges from low rolling foothills in the western portion to rugged high mountains in the east. It is drained by several rivers that flow west-southwest in deep canyons. Much of the area is accessible by state highways and county roads. Calaveras County was visited by white men as early as 1806. During the gold rush days, many thousands of gold-seekers worked the streams, and numerous towns were established, many of which have since disappeared. Important industries besides mining include lumbering, agriculture, and vacation and resort services. Each year Calaveras Big Trees State Park and the Jumping Frog Jubilee at Frogtown attract many visitors. The rocks in Calaveras County are divided into two major groups — the older Bedrock series and the younger Superjacent series. The Bedrock series consists of broad north- westward-trending belts of steeply dipping, intensely folded and faulted metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age that have been intruded by large granitic masses and by smaller bodies of basic and ultrabasic rocks. Associated with the intrusion of the granitic rocks was widespread deposition of gold-quartz veins in the Mother Lode, in the East Belt, and in the West Belt. Copper and zinc were deposited in the Foothill copper belt. Chromite deposits were formed during the intrusion of ultrabasic rocks. The Superjacent series consists of nearly flat-lying beds of auriferous gravel, clay, sand, and volcanic rocks of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Since 1880, the value of the total recorded mineral production for Calaveras County has been about 200 million dollars. Of this amount, gold, copper, limestone, and lime- stone products have accounted for the greatest portion. Other mineral commodities that have been produced in quantity include zinc, silver, lead, chromite, clay, stone, and sand and gravel. Large quantities of gold were produced in the county prior to 1880, but production records are not available. The chief source of lode gold has been the Mother Lode belt, but appreciable quantities have been mined at West Point, Sheep Ranch, and Murphys in the East Belt and at Hodson in the West Belt. The principal sources of lode gold have been the Angels, Boston, Carson Creek, Carson Hill, Collier, Gold Cliff, Gwin, Lightner, Madison, Mountain King, Royal, Sheep Ranch, Utica, and Washington mines. By-product gold has been recovered in quantity from the Foothill copper-zinc belt. Large amounts of placer gold have been mined in the county. The chief sources of placer gold have been rich surface placers mined during the early days of the gold rush, and later the drift and hydraulic mines on Tertiary channels in the Murphys, Douglas Flat, Vallecito, Angels Camp, Mokelumne Hill, and San Andreas areas. Float- ing bucket-line dredges on the Mokelumne River yielded substantial amounts of gold in the early 1900s, and dragline dredges were productive during the 1930s. At present, only minor amounts of gold are produced in the county. The annual mineral production for the past few years has averaged about 9 million dollars in value. The production of the Calaveras Cement Company accounted for the largest part of this figure. Since World War II, this concern's output has tripled. There are extensive undeveloped limestone and dolomite deposits in Calaveras County, par- ticularly in the Columbia, Murphys, Cave City, and Jesus Maria areas. Large amounts of copper were mined in the Foothill belt at Campo Seco and Copperopolis during the 1860s and again during two world wars. In later operations, considerable amounts of zinc and some by-product lead were recovered. At present minor amounts of cement copper are being recovered from mine waters. For years, clay from the lone formation has been mined at Valley Springs and used in the manufacture of sewer type. Silica sand from the same formation was mined at Camanche and processed in a recently erected plant for use in the manufacture of glass containers. Tungsten and molybdenum were mined recently from contact-meta- morphic deposits at Garnet Hill. Local stone has been utilized in many different products such as dimension and decorative stone, crushed rock, road construction materials, roofing granules, and sand and gravel. Granite, limestone, greenstone, schist, rhyolite tuff, serpentine, sandstone, soapstone, smelter slag, placer and lode gold mine tailings, and stream gravels have been the rock types used as raw-material sources. The State Division of Highways has sampled and tested many deposits of road-construction materials in the county. In the past, large amounts of aggregate were used in the construction of several major dams. Much of the county's present aggregate output is from Chili Gulch. (8) MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF CALAVERAS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA By WILLIAM B. CLARK and PHILIP A. LYDON INTRODUCTION Geography. Calaveras County lies chiefly on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada; the extreme western portion is in the Great Valley. Almost triangular in shape, the County is bounded by Amador County on the north, Alpine County on the east, Tuolumne County on the South, and San Joaquin and Stanislaus Counties on the west. Calaveras County has an area of 1,028 square miles. Topography ranges from low rolling foothills in the west to rugged high mountains, with elevations of more than 8000 feet, in the east. The area is drained by several rivers flowing west-southwest, all of which have steep- walled canyons. The Mokelumne River forms the north- •ern boundary of the county, the Calaveras River flows across the central portion, and the Stanislaus River forms the southern boundary. There are no natural lakes in the county, but there are a number of reservoirs where water is stored for domestic, irrigation, and power uses. The largest are the Calaveras, Melones, Pardee, and Salt Springs Reservoirs. The principal towns are Angels Camp, which had a population of 1,147 in 1950, and San Andreas, the seat of county government, with a population of 1,263. Other towns include Altaville, Camanche, Copperopolis, Me- lones, Milton, Mokelumne Hill, Murphys, Sheep Ranch, Valley Springs, and West Point. State Highway 49 traverses the central portion of the county in a northwest direction via Melones, Angels Camp, San Andreas, and Mokelumne Hill. State High- way 12 extends east from Lodi to Valley Springs and ends at San Andreas; State Highway 8 extends northeast from Stockton to West Point via Valley Springs, Mokel- umne Hill, and Glencoe; and State Highway 4 extends east and northeast from Stockton through Copperopolis, Angels Camp, Murphys, and across the Sierran crest via Ebbetts Pass. There are also a number of county roads providing access to the area. A branch line of the South- ern Pacific Railroad extends east from Lodi through Val- ley Springs and terminates at Kentucky House. Years ago, /Milton was served by a branch line of the Southern Pacific, and Angels Camp by a branch line of the Sierra Railroad. History. Calaveras County was named for the Cala- veras River. The word means "skulls" in Spanish and was given to the river by Gabriel Moraga, a Spanish Army lieutenant who found many Indian skulls along the banks below San Andreas. He visited the region in 1806 and is believed to have been the first white man to enter what is now Calaveras County. The first Ameri- can to visit the region was Jedediah Smith, who crossed the Sierra Nevada in 1827 with a party of trappers, pre- sumably over the Ebbetts Pass. In 1840 a group of French trappers from French Camp near Stockton established a camp 2 miles east of Mokelumne Hill. Kit Carson came through the eastern part of the county in 1844 searching for a pass for the Fremont expedition. Captain John Sutter visited the region in 1846 to obtain lumber. Soon after James Marshall's historic gold discover}- at Coloma on the American River early in 1848, large num- bers of gold seekers arrived in what is now Calaveras County to work the streams. By the end of 1848 the entire Calaveras County region had been fairly well explored. Mining settlements such as Angels Camp, Carson Hill, Cherokee Flat, Dogtown, Douglas Flat, Melones, Mui- phvs, San Antone, and Vallecito were established, some almost overnight. A4any of these towns exist today, but others have disappeared. (0) 10 California Division ok Minks and Geology Count>' Report Figure 1. Index map showing lo- cation of Calaveras County. In 1850, Calaveras County was established as one of California's original 27 counties. At that time it was nearly four times its present size, and included all of Alpine and Mono Counties, most of Amador County, and part of Inyo County. The first designated county seat was Pleasant Valley, west of Jenny Lind, but the county government was never established at that locality. The town of Double Springs was the site of the first county seat occupied. Soon afterward, however, the county offices were moved to Jackson, and in 1853, when Amador County was created, they were moved to Mo- kelumne Hill. The last change was made in 1866, when San Andreas became the county headquarters. A number of outlaws, including Billy Mulligan, Sam Brown, Three-Fingered Jack, and Blark Bart, were active in Calaveras County during the early days. The most notorious of all California bandits, Joaquin Murrieta, was active in the county at various times during his career. Bret Harte and Mark Twain wrote of the region. The rich surface placers which sustained the initial gold rush soon were exhausted. Hydraulic and drift mines then became the chief source of gold, and later the lode-gold mines. During the Civil War years of the early 1860s, copper "booms" in the Copperopolis and Campo Seco areas made Calaveras County the leading source of copper in the State. Later, the economy of the county became more diver- sified, and lumbering, stock raising, and fruit growing became important sources of income. The Calaveras Cement Company plant was built in 1925 and is now a major industry in the county. Tourist and resort services are also an important part of the economy. Calaveras Big Trees State Park, which was established in 1931, is a major tourist attraction. Industries. Lumbering, mining, agriculture, and tour- ist and resort services are the chief industries in Calaveras County. There are more than 20 sawmills in the county, and in 1958 the timber stand was estimated to be 5.4 billion board feet (California Blue Book, 1958, p. 887). The Calaveras Cement Company, the major segment of the mining industry, has a total payroll of more than 400 1963 Calaveras County 11 persons. Livestock and livestock products form the larg- est part of the county's agricultural production. Hav is the chief crop, but some fruits and nuts are raised. Large numbers of tourists visit the county each year. The Calaveras Grove of giant sequoias is a major attrac- tion; other natural attractions are Mercer Caverns and Moaning Cave. The eastern portion of the county is visited bv numerous hunters and fishermen. Other tourist attractions are the historic mining towns and the yearly Jumping Frog Jubilee at Frogtown, just south of Angels Camp. This colorful jubilee is based on Mark Twain's story of the "Jumping Frog of Calaveras County". Acknowledgments. The authors are greatly indebted to Denton W. Carlson of the Aerojet Corporation, for- merly Mining Geologist, California Division of Mines, who initiated this study of the county, and who col- lected some of the data embodied in this report. Harry Bush, mining engineer of Angels Camp, supplied valuable data on the Copperopolis copper and Hodson gold mines. Jeffrey Schweitzer, mining engineer of Jackson, and the late H. G. O'Hanlon of West Point, supplied information on the West Point gold mines. The late D. C. Demarest of Berkeley was the source of much information on the earlier historv of mining in Calaveras County, particu- larly the gold mines in the Angels Camp area. Fred Stevenot of San Francisco, owner of the Carson Hill mines, supplied information on the historv of operations in that area. Others who were of assistance were the staff of the Calaveras Cement Company plant, especially Grant Metzger, Orrin Weeks, E. M. Bagley, Willard Fuller, and T. C. Slater. Other company officials who provided data included T. H. Word of the Utica Mining Com- pany; H. W. Coke, Pacific Clay Products; L. A. Sanchez, • Blackstone Alining Company; and C. W. Decker, Moore _ Creek Alining Company. Other mine and property own- ers or persons familiar with the area who provided in- formation included Edward Solinsky, L. A. Lavensaler, Otto Brink, C. J. Loomis, Henry Peterson, Harry Sears, Tom Blazer, F. A. Aloss, Raymond Cuneo, Raymond Garamendi, C. W. Nielsen, Mrs. Ruby Taylor, and the late W. A. Hooten. The offices of the Calaveras County Assessor and Tax Collector and the Sacramento office of the U. S. Bureau of Land Management made available records dealing with property locations and ownership. Various portions of the manuscript were reviewed by the following mem- bers of the staff of the Division of Alines: Gordon B. Oakeshott, Fenelon F. Davis, Oliver E. Bowen, Richard AL Stewart, Salem J. Rice, and Harold Goldman. Alary R. Hill took some of the photographs used in the report. Also, a considerable proportion of the data was obtained from older reports by C. A. Logan, who for many years was District Alining Engineer in Sacramento. GEOLOGY General Features The rocks in Calaveras County can be divided into two major assemblages— the "Bedrock series", consisting of steeply dipping metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age, and intrusive rocks of Alesozoic age; and the "Superjacent series", the overlying nearly flat beds of sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Tertiary age. The metamorphic rocks occupy broad belts trending north-northwestward in the central and western portions of the county. They are by far the most abundant rocks in the county and cover slightly more than two-thirds of the total area. They consist of schist, slate, and lime- stone of the Calaveras formation (Carboniferous and Permian? ); schist, greenstone, and slate of the Amador group (Middle or Upper Jurassic); slate of the Alariposa formation (Upper Jurassic); and amphibolite and chlo- rine schist, greenstone, and phyllite of undetermined age. Granitic rocks, exposed chiefly in the narrow eastern portion, range in composition from granite to gabbro, granodiorite being the most abundant type. Smaller amounts of basic and ultrabasic intrusive rocks, largely altered to serpentine, are found in narrow, northwest- ward-trending lenses in the west-central portion of the county. The Tertiary rocks consist of quartz sand, clay, and auriferous quartzose gravel of the lone formation (Eo- cene); rhyolitic ash and tuff of the Valley Springs for- mation (Miocene); and andesitic detritus of the Alehrten formation ( Alio-Pliocene). Small patches of basalt of Quaternary age are found in the eastern portion of the county. Recent sand and gravel lie in and adjacent to the present stream beds. Small glacial moraines are found in the eastern part of Calaveras County. Geologic Structure The Sierran bedrock complex in Calaveras County is characterized by a series of northwestward-trending beds of metamorphic rocks that have been intensely folded and faulted and invaded by a series of intrusive igneous rocks, chiefly granitic. Interpretation of the geologic- structure in the metamorphic rocks often is extremely difficult because of its complexity, the destruction of bedding by shearing, and the absence of key horizons. Taliaferro, in separating the Amador group, has been able to work out the intricate structure in the bedrock in the vicinity of the Cosumnes River to the north in El Dorado and Amador Counties (Taliaferro, 1943, p. 285, 306). Eric, Stromquist, and Swinney (1955, pp. 22-30) have mapped the structure both west and east of the Another Lode in the vicinity of Angels Camp and Sonora. Clark (1954, pp. 11-14) has studied the geologic structure of the Calaveras formation in the Calaveritas quadrangle, and Taliaferro and Solari (1944) have mapped structures in the Copperopolis area. The metamorphic rocks are characterized by beds and foliation that strike northwest, parallel to the t nd of the Sierra Nevada; vertical or steep easterly and north- 12 California Division ok Minis and Geology [County Report 2 - m >- ' Li «w* &J > * «**!- "S^" I 'ft' '4m • I ,f •*■<* ** wV. V fx w" Photo 1. Micaceous slafe of the Caloveras formation exposed in roadcut north of San Andreas. Pick (lower center) shows size of rock fragments. Photo 2. Blocky greenstone ex- posed in roadcut, 3 miles west of San Andreas. a r ■&* m- $FT *■/■ ^ f * -' r &t . lA^ m Photo 3. Tombstone-like outcrops of greenstone in the Copperopolis area. Photo by Mary Hill. 1963 Calaveras County 13 easterly dips; and overturned, nearly isoclinal folds. The repetition of beds, particularly those of the Mariposa slate and greenstone west of the Mother Lode, results from this folding. The Mother Lode vein system extends across Calaveras County in a northweastvvard direction. It is a major fault zone in which there has been reverse movement, but the amount of displacement is largely unknown. Gold-bearing quartz veins have been deposited within the fissures. Ultrabasic intrusions west of the Mother Lode are largely serpentinized and trend north- west, reflecting the major structural trend of the region. The acidic batholithic masses were intruded after the beds had been folded (Taliaferro, 1943, p. 285) and prob- ably after many of the displacements in the Mother Lode fault zone. Major faulting along the east flank of the Sierra Ne- vada has had a profound influence on the later geologic history of Calaveras County. Faulting occurred on the east flank during the end of the Pliocene epoch and at the beginning of the Pleistocene epoch. The Sierra Na- vada was elevated and became asymmetrical in form, \Vith a broad, gently dipping western slope and short, steeply dipping eastern slope (Hinds, 1952, p. 18). Rock Units Calaveras formation (Carboniferous and Permian in part). The Calaveras formation is a suite of undiffer- entiated metamorphic rocks that underlies extensive areas in the central and east-central portions of the county. The rocks of the group are quartz-mica schist, graphitic schist, low-grade carbonaceous slate, fine-grained quartz- ite, highly contorted and poorly bedded recrystallized chert, and recrystallized limestone and dolomite. Present in smaller amounts are sheared conglomerate, chlorite and talc schist, and massive greenstone. In places, tectonic breccia consisting of quartzite fragments in a matrix of graphitic schist is common. Beds of the Calaveras forma- tion generally have a north to northwest strike and dip steeply to the east. In the iMurphys-Calaveritas area, they strike westward and dip steeply to the north. On the basis of fossils found in limestone, the Calaveras has been classified as Carboniferous in age, although re- cent investigators believe that part of the group may be of Permian age (Taliaferro, 1943, p. 280). Amador group (Middle to Upper Jurassic). The Amador group consists of metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks in north- to northwest-trending beds west of the Mother Lode in western Calaveras County. The group is divided into two formations— the Cosumnes, which lies unconformably on the Calaveras formation, and the overlying Logtown Ridge. On the geologic map (pi. A), the Amador group is included with undifferen- tiated metamorphic rocks. The Cosumnes formation is composed of sheared tuf- faceous siltstone and sandstone, gray to black clay slate, thinly bedded tuff, small amounts of quartzite and chert, and a thick basal conglomerate containing pebbles and boulders of chert, quartz, schist, and volcanic rocks in a sandy or gritty matrix. The overlying Logtown Ridge formation consists pre- dominantly of blocky metamorphic rocks derived from pyroclastic rocks. The most characteristic rocks are mas- sive greenstone derived from augite andesite, and basaltic and andesite agglomerate. Both commonly contain large phenocrysts of augite and plagioclase in a fine-grained groundmass. Also present are bedded tuffs, agglomerates, and smaller amounts of conglomerate and dark clay slate. Mariposa formation (Upper Jurassic). The Mariposa formation is principally in two northwest-trending belts, 1 to 2 miles wide, in the west and west-central portions of Calaveras County. The formation consists predom- inantly of dark gray to black carbonaceous clay slate. Present in smaller amounts, most commonly in the An- gels Camp area, are dark gray sandy tuff and tuffaceous graywacke. In places there is a sheared conglomerate containing pebbles and cobbles of chert, quartz, schist, and volcanic rock. In the northern part of the county, this formation contains the Mother Lode gold belt; but south of San Andreas, the Mother Lode is east of the Mariposa formation. Undifferentiated metamorphic rocks (Jurassic and/or Carboniferous (?) in part). This group of metamor- phosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks of pre-Cretaceous age forms extensive northwest-trending belts in and near the Mother Lode gold belt. This group has been tenta- tively correlated with the Amador group (Eric, Strom- quist, and Swinney, 1955, p. 15). The metasedimentary rocks consist of phyllite, quartz-mica schist, phyllonite, and stretched conglomerate. The metavolcanic rocks are green schist, derived from basaltic and andesitic breccia and tuff, and smaller amounts of sericite schist. On the geologic map (pi. A), the Amador group also is included under this designation. Serpentine and associated rocks (Jurassic). North- west-trending lensoid serpentine bodies are found along the Mother Lode belt in the Angels Camp-Carson Hill area, east and northeast of Copperopolis, and between Valley Springs and San Andreas. The serpentine ranges from green to black in color and may be massive or highly foliated and slickensided. Associated with the ser- pentine are minor amounts of gabbro, pyroxenite, talc schist, and, in the area of Carson Hill, appreciable amounts of mariposite-ankerite rock. Locally it may con- tain veinlets of chrysotile. Also in some places small pods and kidneys of chromite are present. Areas underlain by serpentine commonly are covered with a thick growth of manzanita. Granitic rocks (Upper Jurassic or Cretaceous). This group of rocks includes granite, granodiorite, quartz diorite, diorite, and gabbro. Hornblende granodiorite is by far the most abundant type. The entire eastern por- tion of the county is underlain by granodiorite, and there are smaller bodies at Rich Gulch, Jesus Maria, Mo- kelumne Hill, and east of San Andreas. Small bodies of 14 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Photo 4. Tertiary channel gravels exposed in roadcut on the Valley Springs-San Andreas road. -— & '^%> :*# diorite are present in various areas in the county, espe- cially between Railroad Flat and Mountain Ranch. Sev- eral gabbroic bodies are in granodiorite in narrow north- west-trending belts at Angels Camp, about 8 miles west of Angels Camp, and in the eastern part of the county. Diorite gneiss and quartz diorite are closely associated with granodiorite and other intrusive rocks in the eastern portion of the county. These rocks are locally abundant in the vicinity of Garnet Hill and to the west and along the Stanislaus River northeast of Calaveras Big Trees State Park. lone formation (Eocene). The lone formation con- sists of nearly flat lying beds in the low foothills of northwestern Calaveras County in the Camanche-Valley Springs area. In this county, it is predominantly clayey quartzose sand and interbedded lenses of clay. The lone sand consists chiefly of medium to coarse angular grains of quartz with small amounts of feldspar, quartz and chert pebbles, interspersed grains of pearly white anaux- ite, and heavy minerals of which zircon, magnetite, and ilmenite are most abundant. The clay consists largely of kaolinite and a minor amount of anauxite. It is light colored, generally white to yellowish white, but in places tints of gray, pink, and red are common. Auri for ons gravels (Tertiary). The auriferous gravels were deposited in stream channels during the Tertiary period and range from Eocene to Miocene in age. They are in isolated patches, which are remnants of the early channels, and in more extensive deposits that are pre- Photo 5. Rhyolite tuff of the Valley Springs for- mation exposed in roadcut near Mokelumne Hill. Photo by Mary Hill. 1963 Calaveras County 15 served by a thick cover of volcanic rocks. The Eocene channel deposits are characterized by a high percentage of pebbles, cobbles, and boulders of white quartz, and by concentrations of placer gold at or near bedrock. The later Tertiary channel deposits, known as the inter- volcanic deposits, are characterized by abundant rhyolite and andesite pebbles and are relatively lean in gold as compared with the older Eocene deposits. The principal gravel deposits of the Tertiary channels in Calaveras County are found between Mokelumne Hill and San Andreas, from Railroad Flat to Sheep Ranch, between Murphys and Angels Camp, in the vicinity of Mountain Ranch and Calaveritas, and in an area just west of San Andreas. Extensive, shallow deposits of Tertiary gravel also are found in a broad north-trending belt be- tween Camanche, Burson, and Jenny Lind. This gravel, Undifferentiated volcanic rocks. Two smal! patches of basalt are exposed on a spur east of Devils Nose, 8 airline miles northwest of West Point. The basalt is younger than the rhyolite (Valley Springs formation) and older than the andesite (Mehrten formation). Mehrten formation ( Miocene and Pliocene) . The Mehr- ten formation is found throughout Calaveras County. In the western part of the county, it generally overlies the Valley Springs formation, but in the eastern portion of the county, it is in extensive beds on the interstream ridges, where it rests on crystalline rocks of the Sierran bedrock complex (granite and Calaveras group). The Mehrten formation consists of deposits of detritus originating near the crest of the Sierra Nevada during a post-Valley Springs volcanic epoch that was charac- terized by flows of andesitic lava and the eruption of Photo 6. Tuolumne Table Mountain as viewed from O'Byrnes Ferry bridge. Cam- era facing east. which consists largely of quartz and metamorphic rocks, may represent material deposited along the shoreline of the lone sea by Eocene streams draining the low hills to the east. Valley Springs formation (Miocene(?)). The Valley Springs formation forms extensive beds in the northwest portion of the county, notably in the vicinity of Valley Springs. Beds are less extensively exposed in the Angels Camp area and on some of the interstream ridges in the Douglas Flat, Sheep Ranch, and Railroad Flat areas. The formation consists predominantly of nearly flat lying beds of white, vitreous rhyolite tuff. Interbedded with the tuff are gravel and breccia, and the lower part of the formation contains clay, silt, and sand. In the western part of the county, this formation rests unconformably on sand and clay of the lone formation, but to the east it lies on auriferous channel gravel or Sierran bedrock. ash. The deposits consist predominantly of andesitic ag- glomerate of mud-flow origin and smaller amounts of andesitic sandstone, siltstone, conglomerate, and tuff. Lathe of Table Mountain (Plio-Pleistocene). Extend- ing across part of the southwestern section of the county is a flat-topped, sinuous, steep-sided hill known as Table Mountain. It consists of an erosion-resistant porphyritic augite latite that contains phenocrysts of plagioclase, augite, and olivine in a fine-grained groundmass. The latite occupies a former channel of the Stanislaus River known as the Cataract Channel and overlies Tertiary river gravel. Glacial moraines (Pleistocene). Small remnants oi glacial moraines are found in the high eastern portion of Calaveras County at Big Meadow, Mattley Meadow, and an area north of Camp Tamarack. The moraines contain unsorted and unconsolidated rough boul *rs and 16 California Division of Minfs and Geology [County Report 2 angular rock fragments mixed with sand and other detri- tus, and were deposited during the Pleistocene glaciation. Alluvium (Recent). Recent alluvium consists of silt, sand, and gravel adjacent to and in the present stream channels. It also includes placer and hydraulic mining debris. Geologic History The oldest rocks in Calaveras County are metamor- phosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Calaveras formation. These for the most part represent marine sedi- ments that were deposited as sand, mud, limestone and marl during the Carboniferous and Permian periods about 350 million years ago. Deposition of calcareous material during the late Paleozoic era gave rise to valuable lime- stone deposits. Submarine volcanic products and chemi- cally deposited manganese-bearing siliceous sediments were also associated with the late Paleozoic sedimenta- tion. Near the end of the Paleozoic era, crustal move- ments partially destroyed the Paleozoic sea basin and created a mountain chain of unknown extent. Between the end of the Paleozoic era and the Middle Jurassic period, another sea advanced over what is now Calaveras County. Near the end of the Upper Jurassic period, marine sedimentation, submarine vulcanism, and marine sedimentation, gave rise to the Cosumnes, Log- town Ridge ; and Mariposa formations, respectively. Some small manganese deposits were associated with the sub- marine vulcanism. In late Upper Jurassic time, about 125 million years ago, mountain building processes known as the Nevadan Orogeny began to elevate the Sierra Nevada. This ef- fected an almost complete withdrawal of the Mesozoic sea from the Sierra Nevada area. The nearly flat-lying Jurassic sedimentary beds were folded into a complicated series of northwest-trending folds, faulted, and the rocks themselves were metamorphosed. The ancestral Sierra Nevada thus created was a fold-mountain range. Prior to destruction of the Mesozoic sea basin, igneous rocks of peridotitic composition were intruded into the marine sedimentary rocks. These intrusives are now largely altered to serpentine. Chromium mineralization was in- troduced with the peridotites which later gave rise to chromite deposits. Toward the end of Jurassic time, granitic rocks of the Sierra Nevada batholith were intruded into the folded crust; after cooling and solidification of the granite, frac- tures and fracture systems developed. The introduction of mineralized solutions along these and earlier fractures led to the pyrometasomatic deposition of tungsten and hydrothermal deposition of gold, copper, lead, and zinc. A very long period of erosion followed during the early part of the Cretaceous period. The elevation of the Juras- sic Sierra Nevada was greatly reduced, and broad river valleys developed. For 20 or 30 millions of years, erosion stripped away the rocks lying above the gold deposits, un-roofed the Sierran granitic rocks and cut deeplv into the gold-bearing veins themselves. During Upper Cretaceous time, a sea advanced east- ward over a narrow belt of the ancestral Sierra Nevada marginal to the Great Valley. Marine sedimentation at that time resulted in thin, fossiliferous beds that were laid down on the bedrock along this western belt. Patches of these Upper Cretaceous deposits, gently tilted west- ward, are found from place to place along the western edge of the present Sierra Nevada except in Calaveras County. Continued erosion reduced the topography of the an- cestral Sierra Nevada, and by early Tertiary time (60 million years ago) the temperate climate which charac- terized the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous periods had changed to sub-tropical. The resultant warm humid cli- mate caused chemical decay of the bedrock which pro- ceeded slowly but deeply. The finer products of this decay, chiefly clay and quartz sand, were removed by running water and deposited along the eastern margin of the Eocene sea which lapped onto the western flanks of the ancestral Sierra Nevada in a manner similar to that of the Upper Cretaceous sea during the preceding period. The abundant semi-tropical flora which flourished in the area at that time contributed carbonaceous matter which gave rise to the development of lignite. The heavier and coarser products of decay during the Eocene, notably gold and quartz pebbles, eroded from the late Jurassic-Cretaceous gold-quartz veins, were de- posited and concentrated in stream channels as placer deposits. These Eocene placer deposits were extremely rich in gold and were characterized by an abundance of quartz pebbles and a lack of volcanic debris. Near the close of the Eocene epoch, vulcanism broke out in the Sierra Nevada which was destined to have a profound effect upon the economic geology of the placer gold deposits. Volcanic activity began with rhyolitic ash falls over areas at lower elevations as well as rhyolitic ash falls and rhyolite flows covering areas at the higher ele- vations of the ancestral Sierra Nevada, interspersed with periods of quiescence. So much ash fell during the Mio- cene epoch, particularly at lower elevations, that the drainage system that began to develop after the initial vulcanism formed gravel and placer deposits that were leaner in gold than those of Eocene time and were char- acterized by an abundance of rhyolite pebbles. By late Miocene or early Pliocene time, about 10 mil- lion years ago, volcanic activity reached its peak with the emission of fluid flows of andesite as well as large volumes of fragmental andesite, the latter frequently giv- ing rise to extensive mud flows. These volcanic products buried the Eocene channels and Miocene intervolcanic channels to depths of several hundred feet. The channels which developed after the andesitic vulcanism were still leaner in gold than the interrhvolitic channels. Further burial of the F.ocene channels by later basalt and latite flows served to protect the gold placers in some measure from obliteration by erosion. As volcanic activity diminished, re-elevation of the Sierra began in late Pliocene time and continued into the 1963 Calaveras County Sinmnary of economic geology of Calaveras County 17 Geologic age Rock types Era Period Epoch Rock units Mineral commodities Recent Pleistocene Pliocene Mio-Pliocene Miocene Eocene Alluvium Sand, gravel, silt Placer gold, silver, platinum, sand and gravel, black sand Latite of Table Moun- tain Latite Stone tj it H N O c Mehrten formation Andesitic detritus Stone U Valley Springs forma- tion Rhyolite tuff Stone, ornamental stone lone formation Clay, sand, gravel Placer gold, silver, platinum, fire clay, quartz sand, coal, black sand, quartz crystal, iron 3 O u u Ji « -o i^ Vein quartz and mineralized wall rock formed in other rock types Gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead, pyrite, quartz, stone, quartz crystal, tel- lurium, cobalt, ornamental stone u Contact metamorphic rocks related to granitic intrusions Tungsten, copper, gold, silver, molyb- denum, semi-precious stones O Granitic rock Granite, granodiorite, diorite, gabbro Stone Serpentine Serpentine Chromite, asbestos, soapstone, nickel, terrazzo chips Mariposa formation Slate Slate, stone Amador group • Logtown Ridge formation, Cosumnes formation Metavolcanic rock, metasedimentary rock Stone '5 M O c3 Ph 3 O 's's S: o u Calaveras formation Metasedimentary rock Limestone and dolomite, marble, graph- ite, stone, iron, terrazzo chips late Quaternary. This was accomplished by major fault- ing along the eastern flank which tilted the Sierra Nevada to the west. Westward-flowing rivers cut new deep can- yons and removed much of the volcanic cover. With increased elevations the temperature was lowered, snow and ice packs formed and began migrating down the slopes as glaciers, elaborately carving the highland to- pography and further exposing the granitic core of the range. In Calaveras County, the Pleistocene glaciers oc- cupied the eastern portion of the county in the vicinity of Big Meadow and Camp Tamarack. The rejuvenation of the Sierra Nevada renewed the erosional cycle and permitted continued stripping of gold lodes in Pleistocene and Recent time, thereby enriching the present stream channels with gold. The glaciers re- treated from Calaveras County and most of the Sierra about 25 thousand years ago in the early Recent epoch, after which the present climate and topography de- veloped. MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES Since 1880, the recorded value of minerals and mineral commodities produced in Calaveras County has amounted to $200,676,834. Of this total, gold, limestone and lime- stone products including cement, and copper have ac- counted for the greatest portion. Large quantities of gold were mined prior to 1880, but production figures are not available. Other minerals that have been produced in quantity include zinc, silver, lead, chromite, clay, sand and gravel, and stone. At least 26 minerals have been produced commercially in the county. In this chapter the minerals and mineral commodities are described in alphabetical order. In each section the geology, mineralogy, and the more important mines and deposits are described. There are also sections on a num- ber of mineral commodities which have not been mined commercially but are known to be in the county. 18 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 o 6 00 CO c o O 0) > "5 u 3 O -Q O _,_;,- p. "3 3 a "3 y o Cu -g;j a *efl «5 ^ 0J a tC sj — •*= -3 OS *s 1 co ea a^ "aT 'aT'S" 'aT'aj'cu "tT 'aT eu "O Wt'w JD t. fc,l_ fc-fc-t-t- L. t* L-O "= J3 e* "3 3 js ^=j= je jo. jo. .o jz _C jr. as J= o CO. WOcjCjocjoocj o _ . o w ooooooooo o _ ,0, *- "c "c s c o oo .£ .£ 2 = .£2 -*= ^ c« I- «u rt ^a O "" *3 n ill "O jr Jj O c p. OS c '5 3 3 "3'3'3 3 '3 3 '3,2 , P.jj3 rt ^ _c ccJ _c3 ' OP-OOflnO £ e £9-3 s t s ■3o°o«o„o S So 4; s ""^ g-si 5 "°" § si lufcL'^'^S'M Si: ^ § ■- " s 8.1s o C— -. K. Ccflii c -a c .£ .1.1 '^.S.S.S.S 1 J. 6 J.£ J "5 .5 2 2---S J^'^-l o cl. <: a. o cu o*cu ocwC «o o o OtO CO c o oo O O iO to O O O O O »0 too© occto O CO O T CO CJ COOOt^COCOCJOOCO - O — iO CO OW XCCI-COI'/.OOXK) >CI~ MOID to — OS iO I-IOOC1 CO CJ lOOiON-OTI- MiOOlO o c to tfl ioarjiOI~0«3MnMO)NN WO — OS tO_CD_CJCO_ -r to o o — o o oo — CO CO oj _3 ci" of co* co* •-* »o" «— « ©" as tw ■* oj" oj" CO — CO OS OJ* --" oo" CJ* o" oj'os'os" oo" o &b iC tO CO CO oj !> 3 - , - • — . — - — - — ■ ^~~~ """"""^ - — ' ,— ~-^ o o o 3 3 o H < c o c oocco-^ooosc. o w o 2 g • O OO OOOOQ-trOOOOON o j: O O O g s ^ i j ON N* C 3 ** o o tc tn 3 cc ° s ° s -u O -+J o to OO i--©iOas©©iO©OOsOas O OQO © © OS cD -r co O oo OO O OJ OJ — i iOO — © CI tOO © OJ r-OJ t~ Tf . U5 ©OJ "CO co»o — i "3 w C?s > O 4C iCCDI-COCO o OJ co co m-raot^-co o CO JO T CO CJJ -T Oi OS 1— TT iC »C [-C o—"— "eo'i-"* >— ■* 3 «! o % c 73 ■A <*3 O CO O O o © r- O iO o o 5*« .3 > O o o OJ O © OJ OS OJ iO — cj" oj" -v cd -r iO oj" l>." »o oo »0* OS OJ CO* a I~- -t" CM iO O CO CO O si CO CO oo OO OS N CO OV 0O f O 3 o H O OS K^UJMO O co" co* Of" ttom" ca os ■^r O -f O 1- 04 lO OS OS Tf OJ ^H OS OS OS OiOO «— < iO C4 O to co — i as CO CO CO 3 "3 Ot-W5 «5 t^ q o_ O © «o r- CD »0 S tC co"«c CO *o" '-" tc co" ■—* !> 'rt O 000 00 CO lO »0 00 Tf O OS Tf CD o cino o -r U5 oo CO OO OJ © © OiCiC »o CO OJ OS OS co — oo OS CD s o"i--h" 1^* ^ OO* CO* O* T* *0* OJ* a o o o oooo-^o o> o o »c loooono oo 3 *3 •— CO IN oj «-■ t» iT-1 T ^O OJ W -**TjT ►> >> 04 o o o> O O "OOOO— -o o O f ifl (NOCOU5WO OO — < --i OJ o o» ■^"oj" H O oo — i ao OS O t . — o OS 40 3 «• CO T »0 13 T3 08 ►J O CD O CO oo »o OS t3 s 3 O OJ O CO CO CO OS OJ O ~H CJ CO ©_ •>* t-" co" N " N C (N (N 1HI15O OJ CO »C O OJ CO OS OJ »0 CO *f OJ OS OS CO -t 1 t— — ( OS iO CJ IO OJ © CJ lOCJCi iO 'JO 0O O '£ O ^ Ci — O O CO CO 'O OS CT: I-- i/3 i- os CO l~» Tl* OJ © ososos o«o*o ooojco o co oji^tocot^tor- co t T t— rf — i cd O os -1* CO* OO* Ol r-* O OO— *N-* OJ* CO" OSi0O*00*MO"*f -i" »o" o" r-* O ■-"* oo" to" "3 co •— • cm »o co >o os >— • r—iOOiCosr~i>.^^oo as o- o o t^ OO OO CO &» ^lOJOlOJf »COSCO»CtOt--l>-OI>- »/5 t^ lO ■— CO CO CO OJ CO hi 0^ , ^" " csf ~" Q. a o O to«ci~ o-f-f c»--iotj< o o co co oo — « w i-» oo as OS i-H OJ © to CD 'DOSU^ OOOCO OOOI-*OJ r* OJ 00 f O OJ >C •— 'CO as -tf O CO ao co oo -o ooooio -f-ros co»oco^ oo co oo -r as co — * -r ■— < as — ■ ■O ao OO CO_ — t'ici--" x'oo" >-* t^* co" oj" to' Ol" — <" -1* oo *ei o" iO* co* oo" •-" a* o" oj" oi N „ « °°" -f" 3 O M lONOO r-[DOO oaota CD cc tOf5-ro>cNto .-fO-H OS OS or-ootooiaoco -^ oo co -r O CO — OJ O0 CO CO ■wo io ci I- C i- o o -r w gtj t - o -r cd — co oo co oo — • »o os ci Cl — co co -r r-- -r os -r oo IO 1^ © CO CD feS cooi looi-nocrcof ■- .— • uj^-i-xn coojoico oo o ti-.f cconc oj oj ** i-" o* -r"--(' i— * .— •" o" -i* -r »o i— Tco'oso* -i"co"oo"»o* oo" ■<*" -r oj" •—" oj" i - o" •— o" co' CO OS — ao i^ oj -r" »o" cd* ©* to CO T. > "3 OJ OOM'-ftOCO 1^ 1— IO CO I' CO CO 1- o to IO O0 OO OO CO — — W5COOOX1I>NOCO'-M'-CNIOCOX-'CO'1'CO iflCT-Wf CO 1< f — — 10 "O >0 X) iO -f- O OJ CO -t" »o OO »0 Tf ^ co o o o o « io — o f ci os co c» co - a cC' ci o w oo co oj oo •— co r~ — — o — • -f o r^ co OJ -r CO t~- T »0 CO oo CD -d" 3 »OOOOiC1 , fOClXX'C-- | WO)COX'OcO'- COO — — OO OJ as »o lO ( - CO •— < OJ OO i— CJ iO N N Tf t— OS o" o* o* o" »o i -" os* o* o* cj" oo* oo" i* as as" t -* co" os as io os 'fci-ro" co" ^ t-*oo* o"t— "cjoi uo co" — ' co" «-T ' -h" o* os" »o" CO* to* co" CI O 1- C "/ CI :T -f '/ O — CO O CD — — f CO — CO t OJ t- O 0O CO T OS 1 - -f T — CO !•- CO OS •O 1^- 1^ IO CO OS — o If* CO X CD "5 T lO CO CD «5 iO CD I- l» CD — 1- 'O t_ C CI CD OOOI- OO CO O^M T — — Ol — CO CO co -r oo *o f 1* Tf OJ oo «-rf«-„- rfrf„-«- «■ «■ „-„-„-„-„- „■ „- "" " tt c— cico*fiocor*ccoo — cNco-fiocoi-oooo — oj co -r >c co i- oo 01 o — cm co -f %n co r~ OO OS o — » OJ CO J r t t / / / / / / y 3 .-- ~. 33 3 ■ ~- ~- -• -- -- O _ _ _ _ C — =-__— — — — -h —• OJ CJ CJ £— t / / s s s r f / s f f s * s f s s * ■-*■ 'Os a- a- as a- os os O- os os os os os os as os os as OS OS OS OS OS OS OS 1963 Calaveras County 19 quartz crystals), tinum , gems (quartz water, soapstone , gems (quartz sc. stone mineral water, als, mineral water mineral water mineral water. rystals, r water m, salt um water, St cfl uartz c ral watt mineral platinu r, slate r, platin mineral 5 c E 3 e C"J platinum Cement, pottery, clay, c mineral water, copper Unapportioned Cement, pottery clay, mine Cement, clay, copper, lead, Cement, clay, mineral water Cement, clay, mineral wate Cement, clay, mineral wate Cement, clay, copper, lead, ■a (pottery), gems ( d, mineral water, pla nt, clay (pottery; stals), lead, mineral mite nt, clay (pottery) stals), soapstone, m nt, quartz crystals tinum, soapstone nt, clay, quartz cryst nt, quartz crystals, nt, quartz crystals I'g a *s e nt, chromite, clay, e-mill pebbles minerals 4 E minerals 6 minerals 7 minerals 8 minerals 9 gravel minerals 10 gravel c c c 1 1 e 2 a B C = 1 a"i a o o o oo o ooo ~ g o *-< •"»< coto r- cm -t to — » CM CO © OO OO I - O CO © © t-» t"-» « 'fOO ,785 259 436 974 180 805 751 940 o CO *«p or-o o co to -r oo oo ~- i— NNNft-riNO COCMCOCMTtO©© lOtD'TGCOWOON CM t^ « O — ■ -TO -TO — ~ io •-»■ co —i OO OO oo to o cm co T os -r OSOOCM — OSO X CO CO t~ O -h CO OS 1- 43C 1,281 2.05S 1,896 909 753 498 447 866 640 1,379 1,460 1,398 1,657 OS CO 1,739 1,924 144 r-. ci 1,513 532 1,609 805 1,946 568 3,075 204, 4,414, 40, 90, 4,782, 92,4 4,956, 321, 5,102, 275.2 4.7K3. 7. 8,032. 8,425, 9,994, 1,466, O » - ■* B O C s x» ja ~ -O. X) -G *w H-^ CO to >o CO CO O tZ to© to co to O CO T CM OO T CO -h CM CO o — ' COCM ~^ t^ ""■ CM •*f CD « „ to »o CO M CO O O CC» t~© T (DOOJWOmUJ § tO CI CO -h f OO o> lf3 CM f CO W (O OO C5 Oi OS CD 1X1 Oi N OODW) © co oo co r— co oo os OS o CO » CO o M CO to OS W C* c* M N " N " " " " w « M CM W N M W M W CO O CO «iOW 00 OO -^ ^ oo OS CO CN CO CO « tOCM *— O t— t~ o> CM O CM to co ,-!»-•© CO CM CM ~^ ©_ oo" ■o" 4,3 34,9 25,9 CO CM 5,1 15,4 15,1 to CM CO CM CM ^H O r-" — " o" o" o* O OS to CM OO i-i OO i— *f to CO — i _ _- ■ ^- tj. OO OO r- — to os CM hV oo oo -^ a £ o OS ■-< CO os O OS os OS ^r OO -T- CM — CM i-l OOt- CO CO f - a CO CO o Cri OS CD c o o to o £ © © © to © CO o as © CM o tO o »o o t- o »o CM OO « CM „, >— t OStO „ " CM M r*« r ~ CO to QC CM to OS CO to OS »o CMi CD CD OS X OO CI »o cD r- tO ■— ■^ to 1-1 '""' rf ■*Ji " OS CM s; OS CM oo OS OS CO fiOCS -t* tOOO *r to os CO CD NrHOOWCn — CO CM CM •— f *r — CD OSOCM CM 00 "f O © to o CO OS to OS jr CM C CO -r oo OS to CO OS CD CD l~ CM — CO CO COCM OO CO CO to OO CO CD CO ~ CO —1 »-> I— OO CM OS — « CD CI o »o CO CM -r- CO os CO CO oo ~ CD CO CO *"• ©" CO l-H -— CN © '*■ _. CM o © to © © *o o tO to tO IO © © tO OO X CO CO CO cccnr- eo © OO CM © "3" CM OO CO CO -3' ■J?- cc CO © tO © to CM OO CO CO or OS CO CD »o CM ■^ CM_ co_ — i r~_ ©_ t— _ ^H *-T CM" t-H cm" co" CO od ©© — . OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS CT OS OS OS OS OS OS C. OS OS OS ° E c £ ^ o o » c. E o- o- =•3 " E w-dgc > 5 = S T3 E— " _;§«S-3S 5-S— ^ JS^'SS E~ T^ — y; O O O " a o t- >- t: ; t3 ■-•O g g g Jio'SSlii u 7i 71 -■ — r> S C = 8 ai T3 -— % E 3 ~ T ft N N « 2 "'■ '" 3 3 >> >s*t es - rf! >. >i a " - - ^ ■E ^. ft r B E r B 1 g g g g g g-a-c-r-3 SSES|E-|-g-i^ 20 California Division of Mines and Geology i County Report 2 Antimony There has been no recorded production of antimony in Calaveras County. However, stibnite (Sb 2 S 3 ) has been observed with gold at Mokelumne Hill and with cinna- bar at the Oro y Plata gold mine near Murphy s (Mur- doch and Webb, 1948, p. 284). Stibnite also is a minor constituent of some Foothill copper belt ores (Heyl, 1948, p. 20), but none has been reported in Calaveras County. Tetrahedrite ( (Cu,Fe) 12 Sb 4 S 13 ) is in many of the Foothill copper-zinc ores and also has been found at the Carson Hill, Carson Creek, Live Oak, Ilex, and Blue Wing gold mines (Murdoch and Webb, 1948, p. 295). Jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb G Si 4 ) has been found at Mo- kelumne Hill (Murdoch and Webb, 1948, p. 183). Asbestos Chrysotile asbestos has been produced commercially in small quantities in Calaveras County. The two prin- cipal properties are the Voorhees or American deposit, 7 miles southeast of Copperopolis and the Turner and Lloyd prospect, IVi miles due north of Copperopolis. There are several small prospects northwest of San An- dreas. In 1961 the Jefferson Lake Asbestos Company began to erect a large mill and began stripping a large area preparatory to a large open-pit operation at the Voorhees deposit. Serpentine, the host rock of chrysotile asbestos, is abundant in the western portion of Calaveras County (see figs. 15, 16). The asbestos is in cross-fiber seams and veinlets which appear as stockworks in the serpentine. Most of the veinlets are an inch or less in thickness and no more than a few feet in length. They branch, join other veins or pinch out. Ore deposits consist of those portions of the serpentine which contain sufficient asbes- tos veinlets and seams to be of commercial value. Jefferson Lake (American, California, Pacific, Voorhees) deposit Location: sees 15, 16, 21, and 22, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.AL, 7 miles southeast of Copperopolis and north and west of the Stanislaus River. Ownership: Jefferson Lake Sulphur Company, New Orleans, Louisiana; the operating company is the Jefferson Lake Asbestos Cor- poration, a wholly owned subsidiary; R. W. Prince, resi- dent manager. The Jefferson Lake was one of the first chrysotile asbestos deposits to be mined in California. It was orig- inally opened many years ago by the California Asbestos Company. Following this a number of concerns made efforts to exploit the deposit, including the American Asbestos Company, American Asbestos and Manufactur- ing Company, Pacific Asbestos Corporation, and the Asbestos Producing Company of California (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 226). In 1927 Harry Leach of Oakland and others leased the property. However, work ceased shortly afterward. During these earlier operations the property was known as the Voorhees deposit. In 1944 it was diamond drilled by the Johns-Manville Asbestos Corporation. In 1952 the deposit was acquired by the American Asbestos Mining Corporation of New York City. Some exploration work was done, and a 30-ton bulk sample was sent to a mill for testing. The Jefferson Lake Sulphur Company obtained con- trol of the property in 1959 and began an extensive ex- ploration and development program. Exploration work has consisted of 15,000 linear feet of surface trenching and the sinking of 70 diamond drill holes to an average depth of 453 feet at the corners of 150-foot squares. Cores were milled at a pilot mill erected by the company at Copperopolis and at a custom laboratory in Quebec, Canada. Construction of a 2500-ton per day mill began in the Spring of 1961. It includes primary and secondary crushers, screens, conveyor belts, and drying equipment. Also stripping of overburden was continuing preparatory to open-pit mining. This deposit is in a large mass of serpentinized peri- dotite, as shown on the geologic map of the Copperopolis quadrangle (Taliaferro and Solari, 1948, plate I). The asbestos forms stockworks of cross-fiber seams and vein- lets in massive pale-green serpentine. Most of the fibers range from one-sixteenth to a quarter of an inch in length; a very small percentage of the fiber is half an inch or more in length (Salem J. Rice, personal com- munication, 1960). Exploration work by the present owner has indicated an estimated 17,000,000 tons of as- bestos-bearing rock with the following fiber content (Mining World, May 1961, p. 17): Group Percentage Percentage Tons of fiber yield proportion fiber 4 1.0 16.0 170,000 5 1.5 24,0 255,000 7 3.8 60.0 646,000 Totals 6.3 100.0 1,071,000 The ore body, which is lensoid, is reported to be 2000 feet in length and to average 340 feet in width. It strikes N. 45° W. The highest-grade material is in the center of the deposit. Th os is relatively free milling. The company plans .;> the fibers from the few wide veins with the iter ibers to increase the quantity of medium-lengtn n iterial. Turner and Lloyd deposit Location: sec. 15, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 4 miles due north of Copperopolis. Ownership: Max Henley et ak, Copperopolis, California. This asbestos deposit consists of a number of claims, including the Turner and Lloyd, which were originally prospected years ago (Logan, 1925, p. 164), and the Skipper claim, which was located by Max Henley in 1953. Some work was done on the property, and a small stockpile was made, which remains by the junction of the dirt road leading to the deposit with State High- way 4. Chrysotile asbestos forms stockworks of small cross- fiber seams and veinlets in a heavily overgrown area at least 100 acres in extent. However, the percentage of 1963 Calaveras County 21 asbestos present in most places in the area is extremely low. The host rock is light green massive serpentine. The fibers usually are less than a quarter of an inch in length. The deposit is developed by numerous small open pits, open cuts, and— in the northwest portion— an open west- crosscut adit. Barite Barite is commonly found as a gangue mineral in the Foothill copper-zinc ores in Calaveras County, but there has been no commercial production. At one time, unsuc- cessful experiments were made on samples from the Na- poleon copper mine in an effort to produce barite of sufficient purity for commercial use (Logan, 1925, p. 165). Minor amounts of barite also are present in some of the gold ores of the Mother Lode. Chromite Since 1904, Calaveras County has yielded 8,036 tons of chromite valued at $216,836. Most of this output was during World War I, the peak year having been 1918, when 3,830 tons valued at $159,453 were produced (U.S. Bureau of Mines records). Chromite mined prior to World War I was used for furnace linings in copper smelters. The estimated chromite reserves of the county are small, inasmuch as many of the mines are reported to have been exhausted (Cater, 1948, p. 40). Any future chromite production will probably depend upon new discoveries. The most favorable area for prospecting in Calaveras County is believed to be in the French Creek area, 5 miles southeast of Copperopolis (Cater, 1948, p. 40). In 1958 the only active property was the Alta mine. During World War II the chromite deposits in this county were studied by the U.S. Geological Survey. The results of this work were published in California Division of Mines Bulletin 134, Part III, Chapter 2, 1948. Chromite is present as magmatic segregations in ultra- basic igneous rocks, especially serpentine. Serpentine crops out in three belts in western Calaveras County (see figs. 15, 16). The belts, w' end north-north- west, are not continuous, but cc -i~ . series of irregu- lar lenticular bodies. Most of the chromite deposits are i regular lenses or pods of massive chromite, or thin, alternating layers of chromite and dunite. Relatively few disseminated chro- mite deposits have been found. In some of the deposits, small amounts of the secondary chromium minerals uvarovite (calcium-chromium garnet) and kammererite (chromium-mica) are present. Alta mine Location: SW>/ 4 sec. 14 and NW'/ 4 sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 miles northeast of Copperopolis. Ownership: C. H. Williams, Bert Satterlee, and Otto Cloward, 632 11th Street, Modesto, California. This property consists of four unpatented claims that in 1958 were being prospected by a partnership consist- ing of the above three persons. Underground and surface development work was being done, and a small amount of ore had been stockpiled. Some chromite was mined here many years ago and used as furnace lining at the Copperopolis smelter. The property was prospected in World War I and again in World War II, but the out- put, if any, is not known. A number of small discontinuous chromite lenses, pods, and small layers of disseminated chromite are present in a wide northwest-striking belt of serpentine, along with dunite and small amounts of impure tremolite asbestos. The serpentine is highly sheared in places and ranges from dark green to black in color. The ore bodies have a N. 45° W. to N. 55° W. strike and dip steeply to the northeast. Present work is confined to the northwest portion of the property where there is a 45-foot vertical shaft and a 35-foot northwest drift at the bottom of the shaft. There is a lens of chromite 3 feet long and a few inches thick exposed in the drift. There is an open cut 1500 feet to the southeast and another 300 feet to the northeast. Approximately 2,200 feet southeast of the shaft are old workings mined years ago, consisting of open cuts and a caved crosscut adit. Bowie Estate deposits In addition to the Holbrook and McGuire group, there are a number of other chromite deposits on the Bowie Estate. These deposits are in sees. 9 and 16, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 6 miles southeast of Copperopolis. Cater (1948, p. 44-45) has described in detail the known chromite deposits on the Bowie Estate. He also states that with intensive prospecting, in the serpentine area covered by almost impenetrable brush, possibly more deposits could be found. The total production of the property is probably not less than 400 long tons. One chromite deposit located on the Bowie Estate in sec. 9, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., was active during 1918 and again in 1942. In 1942 about 15 long tons of chromite were mined and shipped. Although the total production of the mine is not known, the size of the workings indi- cates that perhaps 100 tons of ore had been mined (Cater, 1948, p. 44). The chromite ore body is irregular, strikes N. 30° W., and dips 25° to 45° NE. Workings consist of a 10-foot shaft, and an inclined open cut 45 feet long and 15 feet deep. In 1942, about two carloads of chromite were mined from a deposit half way up the slope of the hill about 1200 feet southwest of the workings described above. Workings consist of an open pit 30 feet long and 30 feet deep. The ore consisted of brecciated massive and nearly massive medium-grained chromite containing numerous seams of uvarovite. Ellingwood mine Location: NW>/ 4 sec. 21, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 airline miles southwest of Valley Springs. Ownership: City of Stockton (1948). This property first was worked in 1910 by the Penn Copper Company when chromite was used for furnace linings in their copper smelter at Campo Seco. The mine 22 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 was active during World War I and again in 1941 when a small amount of chromite was mined and shipped, but it has been idle since. Total production has amounted to about 500 tons of ore containing 38 percent chromic- oxide (Cater, 1948, p. 49). Reserves are not known. The chromite ore bodv is a vertical lens which has a strike of N. 35° W. (Cater, 1948, p. 49). This deposit is located within 150 feet of a contact of serpentine and metamorphic rocks of Jurassic age. Some kammererite is present at the deposit. Old workings include two open pits, two adits, and a winze. The larger pit is 85 feet long, 10 to 20 feet wide, and 15 feet deep. Two flooded shafts are located about 1000 feet to the southeast. Holbrook and McGuire mine Location: NE'/ 4 sec. 8 and NW 1 /, sec. 9, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.AL, 4!4 airline miles southeast of Copper- opolis. Ownership: Bowie Estate, Copperopolis, Cali- fornia. This property first was worked during the early 1890s and chromite was shipped to the copper smelter at Campo Seco. The mine was active again in 1918, when a small mill was erected and several hundred tons of chromite concentrated. Some work was done on the property in 1942 by Charles Hunter and Allan Dunbar, but it has been idle since. There are two deposits known as the low-grade and the high-grade deposits. Chromite from the low-grade deposit, (in SW% NW'/ 4 sec. 9), was mined by a glory hole and open cuts for a length of 200 feet along the strike. It consists of a zone of vertical lenses striking N. 45° W. The individual lenses are as much as 20 feet long and 6 feet thick. The ore from this deposit con- tained about 20 percent chromic oxide. A 125-foot north- east-bearing tunnel is connected to the glory hole. The high-grade deposit is about 1000 feet northwest of the low-grade deposit. Chromite is in northwest-strik- ing pods ranging from 1 to 4 feet in thickness and as much as 10 feet in length. Workings consist of a 95-foot inclined shaft, a small open cut, and a 15-foot shaft. An- other shaft, now caved, lies about 1000 feet to the south- west. Nearly 800 feet southwest of this shaft is an open cut. Madrid (True Blue) mine Location: SW'/ 4 sec. 2, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., half a mile south of San Domingo Creek and 2'/ 2 miles west of Murphys. Ownership: Adolph Genochio, Murphys, California. The Madrid mine was worked from 1916 to 1918 by John Madrid and 982 long tons of chromite were pro- duced (Cater, 1948, p. 57). It lay idle until 1942-43 when the present owner mined 57 long tons of chrome ore. The mine has been idle since 1943. The ore body is an irregular, broken lens of nearly massive and disseminated chromite that strikes N. 80° W. and dips 65° SW. The maximum thickness of the lens is 12 feet, but its length is not known. Country rock consists of schistose altered serpentine. Chromic oxide content of the ore shipped was about 30 percent (Cater, 1948, p. 57). Workings include an open pit 45 feet long, 45 feet wide and 15 feet deep, and a 25-foot inclined shaft located in the bottom of the pit. Mayflower (Burnham and Wilson) mine Location: NW 1 /, sec. 9, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 5 airline miles southeast of Copperopolis. Ownership: not determined. This chromite mine was first operated by W. A. Burn- ham and F. A. Wilson during World War I. In 1941 the mine was reopened by C. A. Gillis and 74 tons of ore were mined (Cater, 1948, p. 42). Some exploratory work was done by Charles Hunter in 1942, but the mine has been idle since. The property is credited with a recorded output of 667 long tons of chromite which contained about 48 percent chromic oxide. Chromite is in lenses 1 to 4 feet thick enclosed in highly sheared serpentine. Talc and kammererite are as- sociated with the chromite. Old workings include a 15- foot shaft, an open cut 45 feet long and 40 feet deep, and a caved 100-foot adit that apparently was connected to the bottom of the open cut. Walker (Bushy Hill, Chaparral) mine Location: E'/ 2 sec. 15, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., MD.M, near the head of a gulch tributary to Black Creek, 3 Vi miles north of Copperopolis. Ownership: B. C. Creswell (1948). This chromite mine was worked originallv during World War I by F. G. Walker and C. A. Gillis. A total of 7 1 long tons of ore containing approximately 40 per- cent chromic oxide was produced (Cater, 1948, p. 42). It was prospected in 1940 by B. W. Cresswell, but ap- parently has been idle since. A small amount of asbestos and chrome prospecting has been done recently west of the mine. The deposit is near the east margin of a serpentine body. The ore body consists of a 2-foot-thick lens of chromite with associated disseminated chromite in highly sheared light-green serpentine. Granodiorite lies to the east, and in the vicinity of the deposit there are diorite dikes and some dunite. To the west of the deposit the serpentine contains some asbestos. The mine is developed by a main 60-foot shaft now caved, and two other shal- lower shafts, 200 and 2000 feet to the southeast. Clay For many years clay from the lone formation has been mined in the vicinity of Valley Springs. The chief oper- ation has been at the Valley Springs pit of the California Pottery Company. Years ago clay was produced at sev- eral other pits in the area and to the west, and at one time kaolinized sericite schist was mined at Campo Seco and used as a refractory at the copper smelter. The Eocene lone formation, the major source of raw material for the ceramic industry in northern California, crops out in a belt of discontinuous patches along the western Sierran foothills. The most extensive exposures 1963 Calaveras County 23 extend from northeastern Sacramento County across western Amador County to the extreme northwest cor- ner of Calaveras County. In Calaveras County the lone formation covers an area of approximately 4 square miles. It has been divided into an upper and a lower member. The upper member, consisting of clayey sand and some clay, is mined for silica sand at Camanche (see chapter on silica) and at lone in Amador County. The lower member, consisting of clay and clayey sand, is the main source of commercial clay. The clay minerals are kaolinite (Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O) and anauxite (A1 2 3 . 3SiO L >.2H^O). Individual crystals of kaolinite are too fine-grained to be seen with the naked eye, but pearly flakes of anauxite are easily distinguishable. It is classified as fire clay, but most of the county's output is used as common clay, as in the manufacture of drain tile and sewer pipe. Valley Springs pit Location: S>/ 2 sec. 1 3, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., a quarter of a mile northeast of Valley Springs. Owner- ship: California Pottery Company, Niles, California; Henry Ward, pit foreman. This clay deposit originally was worked about 1888 (Henry Ward, personal communication, 1954). Since 1916, fire clay has been mined from the pit during the summer and trucked to Niles in the San Francisco Bay area- for use in the manufacture of sewer pipe and drain tile. The pit is in operation for about 35 days a year, usually in May and June. Annual output ranges from 3500 to 4000 tons (Henry Ward, personal communica- tion, 1954). The property is about 17 acres in extent. The clay is part of the lone formation, which in this area crops out in two patches in and to the north of Valley Springs and to the east. It is overlain to the north and west by the Valley Springs formation. The lone beds are nearly horizontal and at least 50 feet thick in this area (Dietrich, 1928, p. 69). There are several va- rieties of clay in this deposit, white, mottled red and white or pink, and light yellow clay. The different varie- ties of clay are somewhat intermingled, but the white and pinkish clays are more abundant in the south portion of the deposit, and the yellowish variety predominates in the north. Small sandy lenses are scattered throughout the clay, and there are limonitic streaks that occupy small but numerous fractures. Tests made on two samples from this pit were reported as follows (Dietrich, 1928, p. 337): The "pink mottled" clay is red burning, has a smooth and strong plasticity, a medium dry strength, and is excellent as a base brick and roofing tile clay; the "yellow plastic" clay is similar in its ceramic properties to the "pink mottled" clay but not so fine grained and contains more plastic matter. The pit is about 250 yards long in a northerly direc- tion, 125 yards wide, and ranges from a few feet to 30 feet in depth, the highest pit face being on the west side. The clay is loosened by auger drilling and blasting, and is loaded into end-dump trucks for shipment. At the Niles plant the Valley Springs clay is mixed with clays from lone, Amador County, and local clays in the pre portion of sixteen parts Niles clay, six parts Vallev Springs clay, and two parts lone Bacon No. 2 clay for the production of sewer pipe. When active, two men (including Mr. Ward) work at the pit. Cobalt Cobalt has been found in several prospects in Calaveras County. However, there has been no recorded produc- tion. Cobalt is of strategic importance because of its use in high-temperature alloys, high-speed steels, and in the chemical industry. Between 1923 and 1930, small amounts of smaltite (CoAs M ) were recovered from a prospect at the Alar John gold mine north of Murphys (Logan, 1925, p. 142, and Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 274). A few tons of material were mined but apparently never marketed. Asbolite, a cobalt-bearing wad, was found at the Casey and Bach claim, 1 mile east of Mokelumne Hill (Logan, 1925, p. 142). Cobaltite has been observed at a few of the mines in the Foothill copper belt. Copper-zinc Calaveras County has been the principal source of cop- per and zinc in the Sierran Foothill copper belt. Smaller amounts have been recovered as a by-product of gold mining. The recorded copper output of Calaveras County since 1880 has been 129,704,205 pounds valued at $21,064,118. Copper in the Foothill belt was discovered in 1860 at what is now the Quail Hill mine (Heyl, 1948c, p. 13). Soon afterward, the copper lodes at Copperopoiis and Campo Seco were discovered, and the copper "boom" of the Civil War was in full sway. Smelters were erected and, by 1866, more than 5 million dollars worth of cop- per ore had been mined. The Union mine at Copper- opoiis was the source of more than half this production. By 1867, a fall in the price of copper had ended the boom. From about 1880 to the end of World War I, the copper mines of Calaveras County were intermittently active. Most of the mines were inactive during the 1920s and 1930s. During World War II, copper mining in Calaveras County was revived on a major scale, and a considerable amount of by-product lead and some gold and silver were recovered. This area also became a major source of zinc for the first time. Zinc had been produced as a by- product as early as 1906, but ore-dressing techniques had not been developed to the point where zinc-bearing cop- per ores could be economically treated. During the period of 1942-45, the principal Foothill mines in Calaveras County were the source of 814,744 tons of ore that yielded 15,254,946 pounds of copper, 15,546,741 pounds of zinc, 832,113 pounds of lead, 9,164 ounces of gold, and 273,833 ounces of silver (Heyl, 1948, p. 14). Since World War II, there has been some activity at the Union and Keystone mines. Also, a considerable amount of zinc was produced at the Penn mine between 1948 and 1953. California Division of Minfs and Geology [County Report 2 In May 1958 small amounts of cement copper were be- ing produced from the Penn, Star-Excelsior and Union mines. The Foothill copper-zinc ore deposits are for the most part lenticular sulfide ore bodies developed by replace- ment along zones of faulting, shearing, and crushing. The ore bodies consist of pyrite containing chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and smaller amounts of galena, tetrahedrite, bornite, gold, and silver. Other minerals that are present include pyrrhotite, quartz, calcite, barite, chlorite, mag- netite, and hematite. In a few deposits, cobaltite, ilmenite, rutile, and sphene have been observed (Heyl, 1948c, p. 20). Outcrops of the ore bodies usually are marked by gossan caps, some of which have been profitably mined for gold. The gossan usually does not extend to depths of more than 30 or 40 feet. The zone of supergene enrich- ment in most deposits of the Foothill belt ranges from within 20 to 60 feet of the surface. Chalcocite, the most plentiful secondary sulfide, is accompanied bv smaller amounts of covellite. Copper and zinc minerals are also minor constituents of lode gold ores in the Mother Lode and East Belt deposits, and copper minerals are found in tactite at the Garnet Hill and Moore Creek tungsten mines. Collier mine Location: W'/ 2 sec. 24, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 6 miles southwest of Copperopolis and half a mile south- east of the Napoleon mine. Ownership: Mrs. Violet Likens, P. O. Box 31, Belvedere, California. The Collier copper mine has a total recorded produc- tion of more than 5700 tons of ore. The claim was taken up by F. Collier late in January 1861. At shallow depths, he took out rich copper-carbonate ore containing nuggets of gold. Wire silver was encountered in the shaft at a depth of 30 feet. By late 1863, a second shaft had been sunk and an undetermined amount of ore was shipped (Mining and Scientific Press, Nov. 9, 1863, p. 2). The mine was patented in 1877. No further activity was re- ported until 1917, when a pocket of gold ore was found in a shallow shaft. In 1918, two carloads of complex copper ore were shipped at a loss. The mine was re- opened again in 1940, when 68 tons of ore were shipped. In 1943-44, lessees, including J. B. Rica and E. A. Vogt of San Francisco, mined 5,613 tons of ore containing 8% to 1 3 Vz percent zinc, 3 to 5 ounces of silver, and minor amounts of gold, lead, and copper. After production ceased, the U. S. Bureau of Mines drilled four holes totaling 1,355 feet without finding ore (Heyl, 1948, p. 125). The Collier ore body is a thin replacement lens de- veloped in a fault zone close to the contact between in- trusive quartz porphyry and green schist. The ore has formed along a low-dipping portion of a footwall fault that dips 44° to 70° E. Many minor faults have disrupted the lens, which plunges about 43° N. The ore consists of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and pyrite; there is a minor amount of chalcocite above the 56-foot level. Consider- able galena is present in places. Barite is an abundant gangue mineral. Underground workings consist of an open shaft inclined 51° NE., with levels at 56, 124, and 167 feet. Ore was stoped on both sides of the shaft be- tween the 56- and 124-foot levels. Copperopolis mines Location: Sec. 34, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., sees. 3 and 2, T. 1 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., in the vicinity of Copperopolis. Ownership: Calaveras Consolidated Alining Co., Ltd., 801 Bank of America Building, San Jose, California. The Copperopolis mines consist of the North Key- stone, Keystone-Union, Empire, and Jackson McCarthy (Old Calaveras) mines,, from north to south, and the Calaveras mine west of the Union. These mines have yielded a total of at least 36,300 tons of copper metal, and have been among the most prominent sources of copper in California since their discovery in 1861. The Union mine was the foremost producer of copper in the 1860s, and the North Keystone ranked second in Cali- fornia production during World War II. In July 1860, William K. Reed discovered a copper lode at the present site of Copperopolis. When the im- portance of the Reed lode became known, prospectors rushed into the area and staked claims along more than 2 miles of its length. The Union mine was a profitable operation from the very first. By April 1866, the main Union shaft had reached a vertical depth of 480 feet, and there were seven levels. The main Keystone shaft had been sunk 360 feet down a steeply dipping vein, and had four levels (Mining and Scientific Press, April 21, 1866, p. 250-51). Between 1864 and 1866, the Keystone mine operated a concentrating plant, and the Union Copper Company used a crude smelter, to improve the lower- grade ores for shipping. Both operations were abandoned when they proved to be unprofitable. In 1867 the Copperopolis mines closed down because of a fall in the price of copper. The Union Copper Min- ing Company smelter was operated in 1869, the mine itself resumed production briefly in 1871, and part of the surface dumps were roasted and leached in 1872 (Mining and Scientific Press, Nov. 11, 1871, p. 292; Oct. 5, 1872, p. 212). Except for these activities and routine mainte- nance work, the Copperopolis mines were inactive from December 1867 to 1887. In June of that year, dewatering of the Union mine began. Production was renewed in January 1888 and lasted until 1892, during which time a new smelter was installed, and the Union shaft was sunk to 800 feet. Since 1878, the Keystone and Union mines had been held by the same owner. These mines were operated as a unit through the Union shaft beginning in 1900, when dewatering of the combined workings began. Ore was produced from 1902 to 1909, and intermittently from 1911 to 1920. A concentrating mill, in which the ore was crushed, sized, jigged, and tabled, was in use as early as 1907 (Aubury, 1908). In August 1909, the property was acquired by the Calaveras Copper Company. The Key- stone-Union was operated through the Keystone shaft in 1963] Calaveras County 25 the years 1923-27 and 1929-30. During this last period of activity, the Engels Copper Company (lessee) sank a 675-foot vertical shaft northwest of the old workings, in order to develop a new part of the vein in the North Keystone mine. In 1942, the owners of the North Keystone mine, Calaveras Consolidated Mining Co., Ltd., leased it to the Keystone Copper Company. In July 1943, the Keystone Copper Corporation was formed by the Lava Cap Gold Mining Corporation and the Keystone Copper Company to operate the property. Under this new lease, ore was produced from the North Keystone between July 1943 and July 1945. It was concentrated to a grade of 26-28 percent copper by selective floatation at the Mountain King mill. During 1944-46, the Pacific Mining Company reworked the old Keystone-Union tailings in a grinding- flotation unit. In February 1956, a subsidiary of the Daybreak Uranium Company of Spokane, Washington, began dewatering the South Union shaft, in an attempt to recover copper from the mine water. In May 1958, cement copper was being produced by Copperopolis Mines, Inc. from the Union shaft. The North Keystone mine is developed in the northern end of the Keystone claim. Its main shaft was 600 feet deep in 1906, and by 1942 had been sunk to 690 feet. In 1943 and 1944 it was sunk further to 1,115 feet, and a crosscut on the 875-foot level was driven 270 feet east- ward. More than 400 feet of drifts were opened south of the crosscut, and 260 feet were opened north of it. Two 17-foot-wide shrinkage stopes were mined south of the crosscut. The North Keystone closed down in 1945 and has been idle since. The Empire mine adjoins the Union mine to the south. It was active in December 1862, and produced ore from 1865 through 1867, although no record of the amount is available. The main shaft was 110 feet deep in October 1863 (Mining and Scientific press, Oct. 26, 1863, p. 1). Southeast of the shaft is the Empire tunnel, which trends southwest and is about 420 feet long. This property was acquired by the Union Copper Alining Company prior to 1908. The Jackson McCarthy (Old Calaveras) mine adjoins the Empire on the south. It consists of two shafts, one of which is 250 feet deep (Aubury, 1902, p. 198), and a stope between them. There is no record of production from this mine. The Calaveras mine is the second western extension of the Union. This property was worked in 1862, and ore was shipped in 1863, at which time the main shaft was 110 feet deep. The last recorded activity was in October 1863. Other nearby claims, including the Inimitable, Ken- tucky, and Consolidated, have sketchy histories of brief activity in the 1860s, but no recorded production. Reported production from the Copperopolis mines totals 1,188,906 tons of ore and 491,840 tons of reworked tailings (Heyl, 1948, p. 96-97). The Keystone mine yielded 1,087 short tons of copper metal from 1861 to 1867, and the Union yielded 10,884 tons from 1861 to 1889. More than 19,329 tons of copper, 28,945 ounces of silver, and 317 ounces of gold were produced from the Keystone-Union mine in the period 1890-1946. Pro- duction from the North Keystone amounted to 4,999 tons of copper, 8,553 ounces of silver, and 175 ounces of gold in the years 1942-45. Blue-gray schist and volcanic greenstone of the Copper- opolis area have been tentatively correlated with the Jur- assic Amador group (Heyl, 1948, p. 99). These rocks have been intruded by dikes, lenses, and elongate bodies of basic and granitic rocks, (now crushed, sheared, and altered) which are broadly concordant with the foliation of the enclosing metamorphic rocks. Granodiorite, which forms several bodies of moderate size, contains chlorite, epidote, sericite, calcite, and leucoxene as products of alteration. The rock commonly is cut by quartz-albite and quartz-calcite-epidote veinlets. Chlorite is especially abundant in crushed zones in the granodiorite, and, near the ore bodies, introduced pyrite is common. Chalcopv- rite is in veinlets or as disseminated grains. The regional strike of the rocks near Copperopolis is N. 42° W., and bedding, cleavage, and schistosity all dip steeply to the northeast. Bedding and folation generally are parallel, but locally are divergent. Isoclinical folding of metamorphic rocks in the area is indicated (Heyl, 1948, p. 100). A narrow fault zone, approximately paral- lel to the regional strike, dips steeply northeast. It in- cludes two major en echelon faults. The northeastern of these is the Footwall fault, and the other is the Calaveras fault. A discontinuous belt of intense chloritization, 9000 feet long and up to 300 feet wide, follows the fault zone. Chloritization crosscuts lithologic contacts and affects greenstone, slate, granodiorite, and, to a lesser degree, hornblendite and serpentine. Intense sericitization, a minor feature in the mineralized belt, is restricted to regions of intense shearing and crushing, where it is associated with quartz and abundant disseminated pyrite. This mineral association is observed only near the ore bodies, and generally in the hanging wall (Heyl, 1948, p. 101). Coarse grains of disseminated pyrite are abundant in envelopes around the ore bodies. Finely disseminated magnetite, generally associated with talc, is the gouge and walls of many fault zones in the mineralized region. Empire mine. Copper mineralization at the Empire mine is most strongly developed along the steeply dipping Calaveras fault or in its hanging wall. The zone of chlori- tization follows the Calaveras fault, generally in the hang- ing wall, and a small elongate body of serpentine forms part of the footwall. Elsewhere, this fault is bounded on both sides by metavolcanic rocks. Disseminated pyrite is widespread, and small amounts of malachite and cuprite locally are common. Along a narrow zone in hornblend- ite, 175 feet from the entrance to the Empire tunnel, scattered grains of chalcopyrite are found with dissem- inated pyrite. Heyl (1948, p. 109) was unable to find any large quantity of copper ore in this tunnel. 26 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Photo 7. Surface plant of the Keystone-Union copper mine, Cop- peropolis district. Camera facing northeast. Photo by Mary Hill. Jackson McCarthy (Old Calaveras) mine. Workings accessible in the 1940s were entirely within the zone of oxidation (Heyl, 1948, p. 109). Mineralization follows a zone of crushing and shearing along the southwest side of a small fault that is 25 feet east of, and related to, the Calaveras fault. This small fault dips steeply east on the surface, but in the underground workings it reverses itself and assumes a steep west dip. Thin streaks of chloritized rock are found in the footwall within 4 feet of the fault. Ore minerals found in the mine include malachite, cuprite, azurite, chalcanthite, and, in the lower portions of the workings, chalcopyrite. Pyrite and limonite are common. Keystone-Union mine. An elongate body of serpen- tine forms the footwall of a steep, cast-dipping fault, con- tinuous with the Footwall fault of the North Keystone mine. The hanging wall of the fault is a zone of intense chloritization. The serpentine body is 1,730 feet long and is parallel to a moderately large granodiorite intrusion 100 feet to the west. Both these masses are concordant with the regional strike. Throughout most of the mine, the footwall of the mineralized zone is serpentine and talc, whereas the hanging wall is greenstone, slate, and grano- diorite (Heyl, 1948a, p. 108). Ore bodies in the Keystone-Union mine are restricted to the zone of chloritization. Dump material indicates that they consist of anastomosing veinlets and irregular masses of chalcopyrite and pyrite. They are in lenticular masses parallel to the foliation of enclosing rocks, but without systematic arrangement when viewed in plan (Heyl, 1948, pi. 38). Assay data indicate that the ore shoots have a steep north rake and vague boundaries. Some attain a maximum width of 33 feet, a strike length of 350 feet, Photo 8. South shaft of the Key- stone-Union copper mine, and the headframe and surface plant, Cop- peropolis district. Camera facing north. 1963 Calaveras County 27 and a pitch length of at least 600 feet. The ore grade ranges from about 1 to 18 percent copper. The Keystone-Union workings consist of six shafts and 15 levels developed along 2000 feet of the mineral- ized zone. A depth of 1,350 feet is attained by the lowest level. The two principal shafts, once the means of access to separate mines, are the Kevstone-Discoverv and Union No. 1. North Keystone mine. The Footwall fault forms the footwall of the zone of chloritization that contains the ore bodies in this mine. Its dip ranges from 45° to 78° NE., but averages 62° to 72°, and the strike has a maximum variation of 15°. The larger ore bodies are parallel to those seg- ments having the more northerly strike. The Footwall fault is marked by a well-developed gouge that generally is between 1 and 20 inches wide. Granodiorite, even where crushed and thoroughly chloritized, was a less favorable environment for replace- ment by copper-bearing minerals than adjacent chlor- itized schist and slate. Thus, copper deposits in granodi- orite are lean and in many places give way to streaks of pyrite or barren rock. On the surface, the chloritized zone in which the ore bodies are found is seen to narrow and pinch out at the south end of the mine. The ore bodies are lenticular sulfide-replacement de- posits that are concordant with the foliation of the en- closing rock; their major axes are parallel to the dip of the fault. In detail, these lenses consist of numerous anas- tomosing veinlets of chalcopyrite and pyrite in chlori- tized schist, slate, or granodiorite. Streaks and veins of massive sulfides, some up to 2 feet in width, also are present in the ore bodies. Chalcopyrite and pyrite are, in many places, intimately intergrown. The ore tenor ranges from 1 !/> to 9 percent copper, with very little gold or silver. Bornite is rare, and ilmenite, sphene, rutile, and andalusite are formed locally. Gangue minerals in- clude epidote, hematite, jasper, and veinlets of white quartz and calcite. Three principal ore bodies are in the North Keystone mine. They are en echelon in plan, each lying east of its northern neighbor. The North ore body has a strike length of 360 feet, a maximum width of 20 feet, and a depth of at least 550 feet. The Middle ore body has a strike length of 240 feet and a maximum width of 20 feet. It extends downward for about 525 feet from a depth of 300 feet. It is absent on the 875-foot level, but on its downward projection at the 1075-foot level, a 7'/ 2 - foot-wide lens of ore is present. The South ore body is 285 feet long, at least 650 feet deep, and as much as 15 feet wide. During 1943, a drilling program by the U. S. Bureau of Mines located 11,000 tons of rock containing 3.0 percent copper in a 3-foot-wide zone immediately north of the mine workings (Heyl, 1948, p. 106). The North Keystone mine is developed by a three- compartment vertical shaft, 1,115 feet deep, with levels at 150, 375, 525, 675, 875, and 1,075 feet. More than 3,200 feet of drifts have been advanced along the strike on both sides of the shaft. Napoleon mine Location: NE!4 sec. 23, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., A I 6 miles southwest of Copperopolis and 1 mile south of Telegraph City. Ownership: E. A. Nutter et al., P. O. Box 187, Saratoga, California. The Napoleon mine— discovered in December, 1860— is one of the oldest known major copper mines in Cali- fornia. By 1927 it had a reported total production of $1.2 million worth of copper and silver (Neale, 1927, p. 509). This mine was worked at least as early as the first part of 1861. In 1862, a yield of 200 tons of ore per month from a shaft 45 feet deep was reported (Alining and Scientific Press, Dec. 29, 1862, p. 2). Only half of this ore, said to average 14-20 percent copper, was shipped. The Napoleon remained active until late in 1865, when the Hughes mine adjacent to it was assimilated, and work was suspended during the ensuing reorganization. One source (Aubury, 1902) states that the mine filled with water and was not reopened until a new shaft was sunk in 1900, although some copper was recovered by a leach- ing process in 1877. Tucker (1916, p. 58), on the other hand, reports that 1600 tons of ore were shipped in 1881. This ore was reported to have averaged 11.25 percent copper, 0.26 ounces gold, and 5.7 ounces silver. Cement copper was produced by leaching the old dumps from 1900 to 1915, and some ore was shipped to the Peyton Chemical Works (Stevens, 1911). The workings reached their maximum depth, 430 feet, prior to 1908 (Aubury, 1908). In 1918, new milling and flotation equipment having a capacity of 90 tons per day was installed on the prop- erty. A small production was made the following year, but thereafter the mine was again allowed to fill with water. In 1926, the main shaft was dewateredto a depth of 200 feet, but no production was reported (Neale, 1927, p. 509). The next activity was in 1942-43, when .Mountain Copper Co., Ltd., rehabilitated a 280 foot vertical shaft and drilled 10 test holes on the 250-foot level (Heyl, 1948). Old records of the mine indicate that three irregularly lenticular ore bodies that pitched 65° to 70° E. were mined (Heyl, 1948). The largest of these was reported to have been 60 to 70 feet long, 6 to 20 feet wide, and mined to a depth of 250 feet or more. The two smaller lenses were below this body and between the 250- and 375-foot levels. The mineralized area of the Napoleon mine is a shear zone in a large mass of intrusive quartz porphyry and felsite, near the contact of this rock with a narrow belt of east-trending metavolcanic greenschists, which appear to be roof pendants. The shear zone strikes N. 75° W., and dips 65° to 75° SW. Considerable sericite has formed in the shear zone, and lesser amounts in adjacent rocks. The ore is a replacement type consisting of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrite, and galena, with a gangue of barite, calcite, and quartz. Appreciable amounts of gold and silver are present. Copper carbonates and oxides were of importance in the early life of the mine. 28 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 The principal workings of the Napoleon mine consist of three shafts, two of which are caved, and four main levels, at 100, 250, 300, and 375 feet. The workings, most of which have been inaccessible since 1919, reach a maxi- mum depth of about 430 feet. Drifts on the main levels extend generally east and west from the shafts, and all are 200 to 300 feet in length. Nassau (Goat Ranch, Pool) mine Location: NE'/ 4 sec. 9, S'/ 2 NW'/ 4 sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 5 miles due north of Copperopolis. Ownership: C. J. Tiscornia, San Andreas, California. The Nassau copper mine, consisting of the Goat Ranch and Goat Ranch Extension claims, was worked by A. S. Pool prior to 1900. This property was acquired by the Nassau Copper Company in the early 1900s, and by 1908 the company had sunk a 300-foot shaft and reportedly had mined $70,000 worth of copper ore (Aubury, 1908, p. 245). The mine was operated intermittently through 1919. There is no record of further activity until 1941, when the shaft was dewatered (Eric, 1948, p. 221). No production resulting from this operation is known. Ore bodies in this mine are parallel high-grade lenses ranging from a few inches to 2 feet in thickness in a narrow body of metadiabase. The footwall is slate, and the hanging wall is diorite. Unoxidized ore, found within 30 feet of the surface, consists of chalcopyrite associated with pyrite, minor amounts of gold and silver, and as much as 18 percent zinc, as sphalerite. Shipping ore con- tained an average of about 0.2 ounces gold, 4.6 ounces silver, 5.2 percent copper, and 17.9 percent zinc (Tucker, 1916, p. 58). Precipitating tanks were used to produce copper cement from the mine water. Mine workings consist of a 430-foot vertical shaft with levels at 95 and 200 feet. Drifts extend north 200 and 240 feet, and south 800 and 820 feet, on the upper and lower levels respectively. The shaft is open, but no equip- ment remains on the property. Penn mine Location: Sees. 3 and 4, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., and sees. 33 and 34, T. 5 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 mile west- northwest of Campo Seco and just south of the Mokel- umne River. Ownership: see below. The Penn mine has been one of the major sources of copper in the Sierran foothill belt and an important source of zinc, lead, gold, and silver. The property con- sists of a number of patented claims including the Campo Seco, Hecla, Little Satellite, and Satellite, which are owned by New Penn Mines, Inc., 123 William Street, New York 38, New York; the Constellation, Meteor Gold, and West Constellation, which are owned by the Constellation Mining Co., c/o Harriet B. Minahen, 4715 Opal Cliff Drive, Santa Cruz, California; the Blue Jay and Happy Jack, which are owned by John Ponzetto, 2831 North E Street, Stockton, California; and mill sites, a smelter site, and other lands. Copper deposits in this area were discovered in 1861 (Browne, 1867, pp. 146-147). At that time, the claims were operated separately. In 1865, a smelter with an 8-ton Welsh-type furnace was erected on the property which yielded matte containing 35 percent copper. The properties were shut down around 1867 when the copper "boom" of the Civil War period ended. From 1883 to 1886 the Lancha Plana claim, which was renamed the Satellite, was operated by H. D. Ranlett (Aubury, 1908, p. 239). An adit was driven to connect with the old shaft (Shaft No. 1), about 1000 tons of ore shipped, and dump material was leached. During this time, material from the dump of the Campo Seco mine was treated also by roasting and leaching at the Sunrise Placer Mining and Copper Reduction Works (Hanks, 1884, pp. 150-151). About 1886, the San Francisco Cop- per Company acquired the Satellite mine. In 1887, the Penn Chemical Company acquired the Campo Seco claim, dewatered the mine, and treated large quantities of ore by heap roasting and leaching (Irelan, 1888, p. 153). Later, this same company purchased the Satellite and Hecla mines, and adjoining properties; which were merged into what is known as the Penn mine. In 1896, dump material was still being leached (Crawford, 1896, p. 57). In 1899 a smelter was erected and operated continu- ously until 1919. It was equipped with a crushing and grinding plant, eight roasting furnaces, and a blast fur- nace (Tucker, 1916, p. 61). A high-grade matte contain- ing 50 to 60 percent copper was produced, which was crushed and shipped to New York for refining. Gross returns from the smelter operations, including gold and silver, were valued at $7,362,562 (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 64). The smelter was shut down and dismantled when copper prices decreased following World War I. The Penn Mining Company continued underground de- velopment work until 1921, and the mine was kept de- watered until 1926 when it was sampled for the Ameri- can Smelting and Refining Company. In 1928, the mine was leased by the Mateo Mining Company, and Shaft No. 2 was dewatered to the 700- foot level. Only a small amount of ore was mined. In 1937, another similar short-lived project was undertaken by the Penn Copper and Zinc Company (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 64). From 1943 to 1946, the mine was operated on a major scale by the Eagle-Shawmut Mining Company. The ore was trucked 70 miles south to the Eagle-Shawmut mill near Chinese Camp, Tuolumne County. Copper-lead and zinc concentrates were produced and shipped to the smelter at Tooele, Utah. In July 1946, a new concern, the Shawmut Copper Mine Company, was formed and oper- ated the mine until October 1947 (U. S. Bur. Mines Min. Yearbook, 1947, p. 1343). From November 1942 to Feb- ruary 1945, the mine was studied in detail by the U. S. Geological Survey, and results were published in Cali- fornia Division of Mines Bulletin 144, pp. 61-84 and plates 14-24 (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948). Also in 1942, the U. S. Bureau of Mines sampled the slag dump and mine water, and the results were published in U. S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 4224 ( Wiebelt and Ricker, 1963] Calaveras County 29 Photo 9. Surface plant at the Penn copper-zinc mine in the vicinity of shaft No. 2; camera facing north- east. Photo by Mary Hill. 1948). In 1943, the Constellation claims were diamond drilled by the U. S. Bureau of Mines, but no material considered worth assaying was found (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 65). In 1948, a newly formed concern, the Penn Chemical Company, leased the property and commenced operations (Mining World, June 1952, p. 22). The upper levels were dewatered, and the mill was reconditioned. Zinc ore that had been by-passed in earlier operations was mined. Zinc and copper-lead concentrates and gold amal- gam were produced. This operation continued until Jan- uary 1953, when 'the mine was closed down. In the sum- mer of 1953, New Penn Mines, Incorporated, was organized and obtained a DMEA loan to diamond drill for copper in the vicinity of Shaft No. 3. Some ore was found, but the main objective of the program was not accomplished, and operations ceased. In the Fall of 1955 the property was leased by the Standard Mining Corporation of New York, William Hooten, manager. Shaft No. 3 was dewatered to the 400- foot level. Some crosscutting was done to the east and a small amount of ore mined. In 1958, the property was sub-leased to Kenneth Boyles of Valley Springs and later to P. R. and Henry Bradley. They suspended operations late in 1959. In 1952, the total recorded output of the mine was 973,784 tons of ore which yielded 82,534,054 pounds of copper, 22,196,482 pounds of zinc, 1,225,798 pounds of lead, 67,772.65 ounces of gold, and 2,150,304 ounces of silver (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 65, and U. S. Bu- reau of Mines Minerals Yearbooks, 1947-1952). Rocks in the area of the Penn mine are Mariposa slate, metavolcanic rocks, and intrusives. Bedding strikes to the northwest, dips steeply to the northeast, and generally parallels the schistosity and cleavage. The metavolcanic rocks are part of the Amador group and consist of a thick sequence of rhyolite and andesitic tuff, felsite, basalt, and agglomerate. The chief intrusive rock is quartz porphyry in sills and lens-shaped bodies. Present in smaller amounts in this area are numerous quartz veins and intrusive rocks that have been designated as felsite, greenstone, and trap (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 70). The ore bodies are lenticular sulfide replacement deposits in alteration zones of sericitization, silicification, and py- ritization within the metavolcanic and intrusive rocks. Many of the nearby hills are capped by flat-lying Ter- tiary channel gravels. Ore bodies at the Penn mine are mixtures of pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite with small amounts of bor- nite, galena, and some tetrahedrite. The ore bodies are lenticular in form, and the long axes plunge down-dip or steeply to the north or south. They vary considerably in size, some having been mined along the pitch length of as much as 1000 feet (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 79). Also, the ratio of copper to zinc varies considerably. In the area of Shaft No. 3 the footwall of the ore zone contains abundant zinc, while copper and zinc are nearly equal in the hanging wall. Thickness of the ore bodies ranges from 4 to 30 feet. The sulfides are present in massive or banded form as well as in stringers, narrow irregular masses, or disseminated form. Most of the pyrite is fine grained. Chalcocite and covellite have been found in some of the upper levels. Barite intergrown with sulfides is locally abundant in some of the ore bodies. Quartz, calcite, selenite, and some native copper are pres- ent in the ore. Four ore controls have been recognized (1) 30 California Division of Mines and Geology r & 1963 Calaveras County 31 Photo 11. Shaft No. 3, Penn copper-zinc mine, showing headframe, ore bin, and wooden pre- cipitation tanks used in the production of cement copper. Camera facing north. belts of sericitization and silification; (2) areas of bowing and buckling normal to the schistosity; (3) intersections of high-angle schistosity faults with low-angle reverse faults; and (4) small, tight, and unsystematically oriented schis- tosity folds (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, pp. 81-82). The mine is developed by at least 20 shafts, six of which are numbered, several adits, and numerous open pits and cuts. Plate 1 5 in the pocket of California Division of Mines Bulletin 144 contains a detailed geologic map of the Penn mine area and shows the locations of all the working entries. Plates 14 and 16 to 24 in Bulletin 144 contain detailed mine and geologic maps. The principal working entries have been Shafts No. 2, 3, and 5. All are inclined to the northeast. Shaft No. 2 is 1000 feet, with a winze to 1100 feet, Shaft No. 3 is 1400 feet and Shaft No. 5 is 400 feet deep on the incline. Shafts No. 3 and 5 are connected on the 400-foot level, and Shafts No. 2 and 3 via raises between the 1400-foot level of shaft No. 3 and the 1 100-foot winze level of Shaft No. 2. On the 1400-foot level in the Shaft No. 3 area, a north- east-inclined winze extends to the 3400-foot level, the deepest portion of the mine. Copper and zinc mining done by the Penn Chemical Company in 1948-53 was in the Shafts No. 2 and 3 areas. The latest underground work done in 1955-57 by the Standard Mining Corpora- tion, was on the 400-foot level in the area of Shaft No. 3. There have been several mills and two smelters on the property at different times in the past. The last mill, which was used to produce zinc and copper-lead con- centrates during the period of 1949-53, was erected by the Penn Chemical Company. It was equipped with a Pacific jaw crusher, vibrating screen, Symons cone crusher, Hardinge conical ball mill, Pan-American jig, Knudsen bowl, and two flotation circuits; a copper cir- cuit containing a conditioner tank and five Denver sub-A cells which yielded a copper-lead-gold-silver concentrate, and a zinc circuit containing a conditioner tank and 12 Denver sub-A cells. Most of the equipment has been removed, and only some of the buildings, wooden head- frames, and wooden precipitation tanks remain on the property. Quail Hill (Eagle Copper and Silver) mine Location: W'/ 2 and S'/ 2 sec. 3, T. 1 N, R. 11 E., M.D.M., 7 miles west of Copperopolis. Ownership: G. Ivan Smith, 4333 East Florence Avenue, Bell, California. The Quail Hill mine is on ground patented in July 1879 as the Eagle Copper and Silver mine. It was the first mine located in the Foothill belt, and at different times has been worked for gold and copper. A gold-bearing gossan was discovered by Hiram Hughes in 1860 on what is now the Quail Hill mine. The presence of copper was soon discovered, and in 1863, it was reported that 300 tons of ore averaging 25 percent copper had been shipped (Alining and Scientific Press, Aug. 17, 1863, p. 1). The mine lay idle from the latter part of 1863 through 1866. The following year, a stamp mill was erected on the property, and production of 2 or 3 tons of gold-quartz per day began. Material from a 10-foot shaft was reported to have yielded $100 per ton, and that from the surface $36 per ton in gold and $9 per ton in silver (Am. Jour. Mining, 1867, p. 308). The next recorded activity was in 1877, when the mine was worked for gold under the name "Eagle" mine. The Quail Hill mine has no known record of production from 1868 until 1917, when the Quail Hill Mining Com- pany mined ore for 3 years from the 170-foot level and above. In 1920 the mine changed hands; except for a brief period of activity in 1938, it was then idle until 1942. Intermittent production in 1943-45 yielded more than 8000 tons of ore from which copper, lead, zinc, gold, and silver were recovered. The last operator was 32 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 G. Ivan Smith, owner of the mine. The Quail Hill mine has yielded a total of 12,687 tons of ore since 1917. Approximately 453 tons of copper, 1,032 tons of zinc, and 74 tons of lead were recovered from this material, along with 3,866 fine ounces of gold and 65,466 fine ounces of silver (Heyl, 1948, p. 114). The top of the largest ore shoot was 100 feet from the surface. Its average dip was 50° E. and it pitched 68° SE., pinching out at a depth of 240 feet. Smelter returns on ore mined from this body during World War I showed an average of 5.58 percent copper, 15.60 per- cent zinc, 0.40 ounces gold, 6.51 ounces silver, and a range of 0.5 to 1.8 percent lead (Heyl, 1948, p. 117). This ore body, and other smaller ones in the mine, appear to have been localized by pre-ore faults, irregularities in the adjacent west-trending felsite-greenschist contact, and possibly by kaolinized dikes. Mineralization at Quail Hill consists chiefly of lenticu- lar ore shoots that have replaced intrusive felsite in shear zones adjacent to its contact with greenschist. Pyrite, kaolin, sericite, magnetite, and silica are products of wall- rock alteration. The pyrite, much of which is auriferous, is widespread, and increases in abundance as the ore bodies are approached. Sericite is less important, but is prominent in strongly pyritized rock. Finely dissemi- nated magnetite is restricted to bedded tuff in the hang- ing wall. Widespread kaolinization has affected the felsite and, to a lesser extent, the hanging-wall tuff. Silicification is limited to local areas in the felsite. The Quail Hill ore is a complex replacement type consisting of sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, small amounts of galena, and some gold and silver. Barite is the chief gangue mineral, but quartz, calcite, and a powdery chlorite also are present. The principal workings consist of a two-compartment, 280-foot vertical shaft, with levels at 70, 170, 205, and 270 feet, and sublevels at 190 and 296 feet. These drifts are principally north and west of the main shaft, and range in length from 50 to 350 feet. Two glory holes to the northwest are connected with a northwest-extend- ing adit, the portal of which is just north of the shaft collar. The shaft and the adit are open. The ore was treated in a mill, which has been removed. The wood headframe and several buildings remain on the propertv. Star and Excelsior mine Location: SW'/ 4 sec. 24, and NW!4 sec. 25, T. 1 N., R. 1 1 E., 2 miles southeast of Telegraph City and 1 mile due south of the Napoleon mine. Ownership: H. L. Don- ner, Milton, California. This copper mine was first worked during the 1860s, as were other mines in the area. It was active in 1914 (Tucker, 1916, p. 62) and again in the late 1920s (Heyl, 1948, p. 125). For the past few years the owner has been intermittently recovering cement copper from the mine waters. The deposit consists of a zone of pyritization, kaolini- zation, and silicification containing various amounts of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and secondary copper minerals; it is capped by gossan. The zone ranges from a few to as much as 50 feet in thickness and is at least 350 feet long. It has a north to N. 30° W. strike and dips 75° E. Another smaller zone is 200 feet to the east. Country rock is greenstone of the Amador (?) group and intru- sive quartz and feldspar porphyry. The mine is developed by an old caved 100-foot shaft and a newer shallower open shaft, two open west-extend- ing crosscut adits to the south (including one 180 feet in length), and open cuts. Mine water from the lower adit is sent through a string of small wooden tanks con- taining scrap iron, where cement copper is recovered. Gold Gold is the best-known mineral commodity of Cala- veras County and was the chief attraction to the early- day settlers in the area. Since 1880, the value of the re- corded gold output of the county has amounted to $78,031,158. However, the value of the total gold output of the county is much greater because of the vast yield from the rich surface placers mined during the gold rush, for which production records are not available. Since World War II, gold production in Calaveras County has followed a diminishing trend. In 1955, the latest year for which detailed figures are available, gold output was 399 fine ounces valued at $13,965. Lode Gold Lode gold mines are grouped in three areas— the Mother Lode, East Gold Belt, and West Gold Belt. Although this grouping is convenient for the sake of discussion, each area has certain distinctive characteristics. The Mother Lode belt traverses western Calaveras County in a northwesterly direction. It is a system or zone of mesothermal gold-quartz veins and bodies of mineralized country rock adjacent to the veins. The system ranges from a few hundred feet to about 2 miles in width and contains numerous discontinuous or linked veins which may be parallel, convergent at small angles, or en echelon. Few individual veins can be traced for more than a few thousand feet. They have been formed within a zone of reverse faulting, and repeated move- ments along the fault fissures have facilitated the passage of ascending mineral-bearing solutions. The veins strike in a northwesterly direction and dip steeply to the north- east. Individual quartz veins and bodies of mineralized country rock range from less than a foot to scores of feet in thickness. The veins may pinch and swell abruptly, and the ends may fray out into stringers or veinlets. Stringer zones are commonly found in both adjacent footwall and hanging walls. Vein matter consists of milk-white quartz with various amounts of gold and pyrite and small amounts of other sulfides, which include arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, ga- lena, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Gold is in small grains and masses in the native state or intergrown with sulfides, cniefly pyrite. Although galena is sparingly distributed in Mother Lode gold ores, it is generally regarded with high favor, as its presence indicates increased gold con- tent (Knopf, 1929, p. 37). Tellurides, of which petzite 1963] Calaveras County 33 is the most common, have been found at Carson Hill. Besides quartz, other gangue minerals present in various amounts are ankerite, calcite, chlorite, limonite, mari- posite, sericite, talc, and sheared fragments of wall rock. Mother Lode gold ores are low to moderate grade (one- third of an ounce of gold or less per ton), but the ore bodies or shoots are large. The ore shoots are generally short, 200 to 300 feet being the average stope length. However, they persist at depth, some having been mined to depths of several thousand feet. In some shoots the gold is distributed uniformly across the width of the vein, but in many cases the paying ore is either near the hanging wall or footwall and occasionally in the center of the vein. Ore shoots commonly are where there are bulges in the vein, shear zones, or abrupt changes in strike or dip, or are near vein intersections. Although ribbon quartz has been regarded as a favorable indicator of ore, many veins are ribboned and contain no gold. Bodies of mineralized country rock have been classified into two types— hydrothermally altered masses of augitic greenstone, which commonly is referred to as "gray ore", and masses of hydrothermally altered amphibolite and chlorite schist. Gray ore has not been economically im- portant on the Mother Lode belt in Calaveras County, but large masses of mineralized schist have been mined at Carson Hill and to a lesser degree at Angels Camp and to the north. Mineralized schists consist predominantly of ankerite with pyrite, sericite, chlorite, quartz, and albite. Mineralized schist ore bodies were generally of low grade (a ninth to a tenth of an ounce of gold per ton); but one notable exception was the famous hanging-wall ore body at the Melones mine, which averaged more than half an ounce, and in some portions contained as much as 2 Y 2 ounces, of gold per ton. In the north portion of the Mother Lode belt in Cala- veras County, the veins are in black Mariposa slate, which is part of the same slate belt that contains the highly pro- ductive mines in the Jackson-Sutter Creek area of Ama- dor County. There is in this belt an apparent split or west branch which extends south to the old mining town of Paloma and which contains the previously highly pro- ductive Gwin mine. The main Mother Lode system ex- tends southeast to San Andreas. West and northwest of San Andreas, a large serpentine body lies just to the east of the mines. From San Andreas southeast to the area between San Domingo Creek and Bruner Hill some 2 miles northwest of Altaville, the belt is in amphibolite and chlorite schist; phyllites lie immediately to the east. The Mariposa slate beds lie to the west. In the Altaville-Angels Camp district, the geology is extremely complex (see fig. 2). The Mother Lode widens to a maximum of about 2 miles, and there are several major veins systems containing a number of important mines. One extending along the west side of the area contains the Benson, Gold Hill, Osborne, Wagon Rut, and Triple Lode mines; one just west of Angels Camp contains the Angels Deep, Lindsey, Gold Cliff, and Madi- son mines; another extending through the central portion of the town contains the Altaville, Sultana, Lightner, Utica, and Stickles mine; and one on the east is known as the Dead Horse Lead. The predominant country rock in the area is amphibolite-chlorite schist. To the west are a thin belt of fine-grained metasediments and metavol- canics assigned to the Amador group and a mile-wide belt of metasediments assigned to the Mariposa formation by Eric and Stromquist (Eric, Stromquist, and Swinney, 1954, plate I), but classified as being part of the Cala- veras group by Ransome (Ransome, 1900, economic geology sheet no. 1, section 2). To the east are meta- sediments of the Calaveras group. A sketch map of the vein systems in this area appears in the Tenth Report of the State Mineralogist (Fairbanks, 1890, p. 61). South of Angels Camp the Mother Lode belt narrows to less than a mile and continues southeast through the Carson Hill area. Here the geology also is complex (see fig. 5, and Carson Hill mines under Lode Gold). Essentially the rocks consist of large bodies of auriferous schist and ankerite-mariposite rock adjacent to massive and com- monly barren quartz veins. Lode mines east of the Mother Lode are commonly referred to as the East Gold Belt. Although there are no extensive and closely associated vein systems such as those on the Mother Lode, the gold-bearing veins in this area do have certain distinct features. East Belt veins are nar- rower and the ore bodies smaller than those of the Mother Lode, but often they are rich. Many of the veins have north or northwest strikes, but others are oriented in a northeasterly and some in an almost due easterly direction. Most have steep dips. The number of indi- vidual mines is extremely large (see figs. 3 and 4). Vein filling consists of white to grayish or grayish- black smoky quartz; the presence of smoky quartz is a characteristic feature of some East Belt gold mines. Also, some of the vein quartz in the Murphys area is light rose in color. The ore contains native gold and abundant sul- fides, chiefly galena, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. Galena is nearly always present in East Belt ores. The ore com- monly averages two-thirds of an ounce to an ounce of gold per ton, and considerable quantities of high-grade ore have been mined from small but rich pockets. The ore shoots are rarely more than a few hundred feet in stope length, and most are considerably less. The ore shoots commonly pitch or rake at relatively small angles. As in the Mother Lode, abrupt changes in strike and dip and vein intersections are favorable locations for ore bodies. Those portions of the veins that have been sheared and fractured also are more favorable for the formation of paying ore than the massive portions of the vein. In the north portion of the East Belt in the West Point- Glencoe-Railroad Flat districts, the deposits are associated with a west-trending elongate granodiorite body, that is intrusive into metasedimentary rocks of the Calaveras formation. The veins are either in the granodiorite or surrounding metamorphic rocks which consist chiefly of mica or quartz-mica schist with smaller amounts of slate, graphitic schist, and metachert. Numerous dikes of fine- to medium-grained diorite and quartz diorite intrude the countrv rock. 34 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 vl r V r L. A t a > fv •J /s V r- ■J < J > r- A \j' > > •7 r* -7 1963 Calaveras County 35 CN C O O — 3 •» C iZ m x 5 °> < o E "o &> E z romnnmrnromfnmmmnmmnrnnfonfnn nmwnnn(NtNmtN(NO(nnMmmmnfn(Nn E "o E z nrofoforooiroforonrnr'irofn co c> wrnnrooiw MCNrnCNnfnrnc^rofnrnrnrommfnnc^c^fnwc^ n(NW»-CO^nO^O k tnrncsmcowO'-t-On *=<* = = S§ : :_° "0 ~0 "O ~D To »' ~o~o~o"o S 2-S.y"o ^ OOOOOOIIIy. 0-> O "0 Q> fc> 3 2 S £ -O _D m ro m co ro co co p*> oo oo co co co en ronrorofirnmro C^mcnrofncNC^c^^mmc^foc^rnrorofOfnnron «w m fti n M- 2-5-* c c-= I 3 cnLD .E — > a> 0) o,y--c o o o o c .2 o "*-o 2 36 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Figure 3. Sketch map of the Murphys, Esmeralda, Washington, and Sheep Ranch districts, showing lode gold mines. N ame o\ mine 1 Admiral Dewey 2 Alameda 3 Beatrice 4 Bence 5 Big Horn 6 Bonanza Pocket 7 Bon Ton 8 Buckhorn 9 Caruther 10 Chaparral and Blue Ribbon 1 1 Chavenne 1 2 Christmas 13 Cow Bell 1 4 Crown Point 1 5 Dora Cons 16 Dragone 1 7 Economic 1 8 Esmeralda 19 Eureka 20 Fair Play 21 Falcon 22 Fenian 23 Fricot Cons Locati 7 26 1 34 30 11 24 1 20 28 17 1 22 1 36 1 33 34 1 1 1 20, 21 28 R(E) 14 13 13 13 14 13 13 13 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 13 N ame ot mine 24 Friendship 25 Garfield 26 Golden Reef. . . 27 Great Divide. . . 28 Gumboot 29 Hidden Treasure 30 Hill Top 31 Hub 32 Hurricane 33 K. and J 34 Last Chance . . . . 35 Lost Boy 36 Lost Log 37 Manhatten 38 Maria 39 Mar John 40 Matteson 41 Max Gross 42 Mayflower 43 Miralda 44 Oro y Plata 45 Pay Rock 46 Piety Hill 47 Pilot 48 Poverty Hill. . . . 49 Right Bower. . . . 50 Sheep Ranch. . . 51 Silver Star 52 Sonoma 53 Tanner 54 Thomas 55 Tom Smith 56 Toon 57 Total Wreck... 58 Washington 59 Wheelock 60 White Pine 61 Greek 62 Dalmatia 63 New Ford 64 Brazza 65 Bonehord 66 Lodi 67 Basco Location 22 1 25 1 26 1 29 9 18 34 1 18 20 1 35 21 9 36 6 6 6 6 8 14 9 20 7 6 30 32 23 7 18 6 20 23 9 14 26 26, 35 34 33 18 33 T(N) R(E) 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 13 14 14 13 13 13 14 13 14 14 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 14 13 1963] Calaveras County 37 To the south in the Sheep Ranch district, the veins trend in a northwesterly direction, dip to the northeast and are located near a gabbro body that has intruded quartz-mica schist and slate. Many of the veins in this area contain smoky quartz. The Sheep Ranch mine was the most productive of all the East Belt mines. In the Murphys-Esmeralda and Collierville districts, many of the veins trend in a westerly direction and dip to the north. The country rock here is quartz-mica schist and graphitic slate. Large bodies of limestone lie just to the east and south of the mineralized area. The West Belt generally refers to all lode gold de- posits west of the Mother Lode vein system. Since the gold mineralization is sporadic, mine development and production have not been extensive or sustained. The gold-bearing quartz veins generally strike northwestward and dip moderately to the northeast. Country rock is Mariposa slate, greenstone of the Logtown Ridge forma- tion, and serpentine. Gold has been recovered also from foothill copper-zinc ores. Hodson, 3 miles northwest of Copperopolis, has been an important gold-producing district in the West Belt. There the veins range from 2 to 20 feet in thickness. The ore generally contains less than a third of an ounce of gold per ton, but the ore bodies are extensive. Adjacent to some of the Hodson veins are stockworks of auriferous greenstone similar to the gray ore of the Mother Lode, notably at the Royal and Mountain King mines. The gray ore consists of pyrite-ankerite-sericite rock that has re- sulted from the hydrothermal alteration of metavolcanic rocks of the Logtown Ridge formation. Lode mining began in Calaveras County early during the gold rush-probably at Carson Hill in 1 850 when rich veins were being mined at shallow depths in the Morgan mine. Soon thereafter rich surface ores were being mined throughout the Mother Lode and in various areas in both the East and West Gold Belts. Noted mines such as the Angels, Gold Cliff, Gwin, Lightner, Osborne, Wolverine, and Woodhouse mines were discovered in the early 1850s. However, the rich surface ores were soon ex- hausted, and quartz mining underwent many difficulties for at least 15 years following the early discoveries. These difficulties were due chiefly to the hand-drilling methods and black powder in use at the time, which made underground development work slow and costly, and to crude milling methods. Although stamp mills were active during the 1850s, many were unsuccessful. Dyna- mite and the first air drills were introduced in California in the late 1860s, but widespread use of air drills for stop- ing ore did not come for some years. Lowering the costs of underground work necessitated an increase in milling capacities. Stamp mills were in- creased in weight, and feeders and rock breakers were introduced. New concentrating devices were introduced also. Sluices, which were first used to concentrate sul- fides, were replaced by buddies and then by vanners. The latter equipment came into general use during the 1880s. The chlorination process was brought to Califor- nia from Europe, and until replaced by cyanidation in the 1890s, was used at many mills to recover gold from the concentrates. As mining and milling progressed, the demand for power increased. Steam engines using wood for fuel were the principal sources of power at first. The development of extensive ditch systems led to the use of water under high pressure for mining and milling. As late as 1915, the 100-stamp mill at the Melones mine was operated by water power. However, electric power was in general use by that time. Probably the most productive period of lode mining in Calaveras County was from around 1893 to about 1918. During these years, many of the important lode mines were operated on a major scale and several thou- sand men were employed. The payroll at the Utica mine alone carried as many as 500 names at one time. Large mills were erected, the Royal mine was equipped with a 120-stamp mill, and mills at the Gwin and Melones mines were rated at 100 stamps each. However, mining costs continued to increase and the consequent gradual decrease in lode mining was accelerated by World War I. The Gwin mine was shut down in 1908, the Utica and Lightner mines in 1915, the Angels in 1918, and the Gold Cliff in 1920. Activities at Carson Hill continued until 1926, but the output was largely from the newly dis- covered hanging-wall ore" body. Many of the smaller but active lode mines in the West Point-Railroad Flat- Murphys areas were shut down also. During the depression years of the 1930s, low mining costs coupled with a rise in the price of gold caused a revival of lode gold mining. During these years the in- creasing use of flotation, the perfection of the cyanida- tion process, the use of filters, and the introduction of multiple-stage crushing and grinding also made it possi- ble to mill gold-bearing sulfide ores much more cheaply. Numerous stamp mills were still in use, but they were either completely replaced or supplemented by the intro- duction of heavy-duty ball mills and classifiers. The Car- son Hill and Sheep Ranch mines were reopened and worked on a major scale. Numerous medium-sized lode gold operations such as those at the Easyz Bird, Kate Hageman, Lockwood, Mar John, Mother Lode Central, and Oro y Plata mines were active also. Lode gold min- ing ceased during World War II. Since then there has been only a limited amount of activity, chiefly in the West Point district. Alto mine Location: In Rancho Del Rio in Scorpion Gulch, 6 miles south-southeast of Copperopolis. Erroneously shown in Stanislaus County on page 629 of the Four- teenth Report of the State Mineralogist (F. L. Lowell, 1916). Ownership: Gaylord Estate, c/o George S. Gay- lord, 475 Huntington Drive, San Marino, California. The Alto gold mine was originally discovered in 1886 by George W. Blazer, the father of Tom Blazer of Roseville, who worked at the mine during most of its period of activity. The mine was operated on a limited scale until 1896 when the Utica Mining Company gained control of the property. This concern developed the 38 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 R. 13 E 57 50X "^ • — 0)0} — o ^ q> Oj o 55555» c C u o r ^ 3 c o E o £ o 1- CTJ i o o o c: o 1> 4> 4) > -; (\j h ^ >o (O 9t T3 E c e 5 * e ' S -- c ex o c t 3 O Q> ~ O O « « J) 3 •- o <" eg to » m f^ H|6| «l M m o o o -a ~ o o o a, e <=* ^ 2 ">* ° r V Figure 5. Geologic map of the Carson Hill area. 1963] Calaveras County 47 W. G. Deveraux a large amount of development work was done including driving the Melones adit northwest- ward from the south side of the hill. A new mill was erected just east of the adit, and the first 60 stamps began dropping in 1902. The mill was increased to 100 stamps in 1905. Large quantities of ore were mined, the maxi- mum having been 245,000 tons in 1918, the next to last year of operation by this concern. The total output of the Melones Consolidated Mining Company was valued at about $4,500,000 (Logan, 1935, p. 135). The ore was low grade, but mining and milling costs were lower than at any other mine on the Mother Lode belt. Meanwhile in 1917, Carson Hill Gold Mines, Inc., was formed under the direction of W. J. Loring with A. D. Stevenot as mine superintendent. The old Morgan mine was purchased in 1918, and a new adit known as the Morgan adit was driven in a southerly direction from the north side of the hill. A new, rich ore body was en- countered in schist in the hanging wall of the large mas- sive "Bull" vein. This proved to be the upward extension of high-grade ore previously mined some 1300 feet below on the 1600- foot level (Knopf, 1929, p. 73). In the next few years this Hanging-wall ore body was mined to a depth of 4,550 feet and yielded more than $5,000,000. Additional properties were absorbed including those of the Melones Mining Company, and the name of the con- cern was changed to Carson Hill Gold Mining Company. A new 30-stamp mill was erected west of the highway and west of the old 100-stamp mill. This concern oper- ated the properties until 1926. The value of the produc- tion for the 7 vears of operation was $7,000,000 (Bur- gess, 1935, p. 112; 1937, p. 1-15; 1948, p. 89-90). In 1933, the Carson Hill Gold Mining Corporation was organized by A. O. Stewart with J. A. Burgess as mine superintendent. The Morgan and Melones mines were rehabilitated to the 3000-foot level where newly discovered ore bodies in the footwall area were exposed. These were mined from that depth to the surface (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 248). Eventually work progressed down to the 3500-foot level. The Calaveras mine was operated also. The capacity of the 30-stamp mill erected by the Loring interests was increased to 20,000 tons per month (Logan, 1935, p. 207). The Carson Hill Gold Mining Corporation continued operations until May 1942, when the mill was destroyed by fire. In this last operation 2,400,000 tons of ore were mined which yielded a total of $6,500,000 (Burgess, 1948, p. 90). The properties since were acquired by the present owner. Geology. The geology of the Carson Hill area is complex— more so than any other portion of the Mother Lode (see fig. 5). The rocks consist essentially of north- to northwest-striking, northeast-dipping beds of phyllite, amphibolite and chlorite schist, and augitic tuff and breccia. The beds are intensely folded and faulted so there are abrupt variations in the nature of the rocks. The area has been intruded by small masses of gabbro and serpentine. Widespread hydrothermal alteration has transformed most of the serpentine into extensive bodies of mariposite-ankerite rock. Present in smaller amounts are talc and sericite schists. The two principal vein systems are the Calaveras vein system on the west and the "Bull" vein system on the east. The Calaveras vein system usually is referred to as the main Mother Lode and the Bull vein system as an east branch of the Mother Lode (Knopf, 1929, p. 73). The Calaveras vein system strikes northwestward, dips 60 degrees to the northeast, and has an average thickness of 10 to 15 feet. However, in some places it is as much as 100 feet thick. It consists of quartz with interspersed talcose gouge, talc and sericite schist, and extensive masses of ankerite with mariposite. Country rock in the vicinity of the vein system is talcose and pyritic schist. Ore mined from the Calaveras vein in 1919-20 yielded $3.88 in gold per ton (Knopf, 1929, p. 74). The Bull vein system converges with the Calaveras vein system both to the south and north. The Bull vein has a north to northwest strike, an average dip of about 60 degrees to the northeast, and ranges from 1 V 2 to 40 feet in thickness. To the south, it splits into two branches, the Stanislaus vein on the west and the Adelaide vein on the east. Both converge toward the Calaveras vein. The Bull vein is characterized by coarse white quartz that commonly exhibits chlorite-bearing ribbon structures. It rarely contains more than one-seventh of an ounce of gold (Knopf, 1929, p. 75), and much of it is nearly barren. The famous hanging-wall ore shoot was at a bend of the Bull vein in the Morgan and Melones mines. This shoot was mined from the surface to the 4,550-foot level. It averaged 175 feet by 15 feet in lateral dimensions, al- though there were considerable local variations. The bulk of the ore consisted of auriferous pyritic schist. Other minerals present were chalcopyrite, galena, tetrahedrite, petzite, and molybdenite, in various amounts. Ore from this shoot milled in 1919-20 yielded $11 to $14 of gold per ton at the old price (Burgess, 1937, p. 2). An ore body was mined also on the footwall at the bend of the Bull vein in the Morgan and Melones mines. This ore extended from the surface to the 2,170-foot level and consisted of pyrite-ankerite schist with abundant quartz stringers. The average value of this ore was $2 to $2.50 per ton in gold (Knopf, 1929, p. 76). Additional ore bodies in the Morgan and Melones workings lay at the intersection of the Bull vein and a series of five flat-dipping veins known as the Flat veins (see fig. 7). The Flat veins have strikes of 30 to 40 degrees more westerly than the Bull vein and dips of 20 to 30 degrees to the northeast. They occupy reverse fault fissures that cut the Bull vein. The most productive ore shoot in this vein system was on the second lowest Flat vein between the 1100- and 1600-foot levels north- east of the Bull vein. Other ore bodies were associated with the Pink vein system encountered in the Morgan workings. It was a parallel system in the footwall, sev- eral hundred feet west of the Bull vein. The 195-pound mass of gold found in 1854 was from the Pink vein. Coarse native gold associated with petzite also was found in this vein. 48 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Glory Hole 300 m*. v. v . ■':••••' Morgan 1 .:') Shaft - \:\;--:.:A 550' V ' < \ footwall . . ^ ore body , j l I Mel ones > I ,_.,_ Adit K ' '" N / .-■ 675 >sFlat KvH ■£P~W *>*985 4-^-^Li:.' J haulage level , 1100 4250 + 4550 hanging wall ore body Modified after Burgess, 193 7. 100 200 400 600 800 foot level, and the lower winze extends from the 3000- foot to the 4500-foot level. Several mining methods, both surface and under- ground, were employed at Carson Hill. Large quantities of ore were mined from glory holes north of the summit of Carson Hill. The great Morgan glory hole is visible from some distance north of the town of Carson Hill. Ore from the glory holes and the adjacent Union shovel pit was drawn through an ore pass to the 200-foot level and trammed to the Morgan ore pass, which was just east of the Morgan shaft, where it was delivered to the 11 00- foot haulage level. The ore was hauled by electric trolley locomotives to the mill. Much of the underground ore was mined from shrink- age stopes. The Flat veins were mined by open stoping with casual pillars. Square-set shrinkage stopes with sub- sequent waste filling were employed at the Calaveras mine (Burgess, 1937, p. 12). glory 1 100 ' flat vein Figure 6. Longitudinal section of the Morgan-Melones gold mines at Carson Hill. The telluride minerals recovered in quantity during the early period of mining at Carson Hill were calaverite (AuTe 2 ), hessite (Ag 2 Te), petzite ((Ag 3 Au)Te), and sylvanite ((Au,Ag)Te 2 ). Melonite (NiTe 2 ), a very rare mineral found at the Melones and Stanislaus mines, was named after the town of Melones. Alining and milling. The principal working entries were the Calaveras, Melones, and Morgan adits, the Mor- gan shaft, the underground Melones shaft or winze and the lower winze extending to the lowest levels (see fig. 6). The Melones adit, the portal of which is just above the town of Melones, was the main haulageway and is known as the 1 100-foot level. The inclined Melones shaft or winze extends from the 1 100-foot level to the 3000- Melones Shaft EXPLANATION Quartz veins 2800 Ore bodies of mineralized schist Faults 3000'. Modified after Burgess, 1937. V. Undergrouni ^V^^ workings 200 t= SO 100 200 400 800 Figure 7. Cross section through the Morgan-Melones shafts at Carson Hil // 1963] Calaveras County 49 Photo 14. Main open cut at the Calaveras mine at Carson Hill. Camera facing south. Photo by Mary Hill. The two principal mills at Carson Hill were the 100- stamp Melones mill, which operated from 1902 to 1919, and the 30-stamp mill of the Carson Hill Gold Mining Corporation, which was in operation from about 1920 to 1926 and 1933 to 1942. Foundations of these mills remain at the property. At the Melones mill, which was oper- ated by water power, the ore was sent through gyratory breakers, a crusher, and the stamps. The pulp was classi- fied and concentrated on Wilfley tables and Frue vanners. Concentrates were sent to a cyanide plant. At the mill of the Carson Hill Gold Mining Corporation, the ore went through jaw crushers, stamps, and conical ball mills, and was concentrated on Deister tables. Concentrates were sent to the cyanide plant at the Melones mill. Mill tailings were delivered by flume to the disposal area just east of Coyote Creek where an enormous pile now remains. Calaveras mine. The Calaveras mine, which was also known as the Calaveras Consolidated, orginially con- sisted of several claims of which the Calaveras and Santa Cruz were the most important. The property is on the southwest slope of Carson Hill west of the Melones mine. Large-scale mining of low-grade ore bodies in the Carson Hill area began at the Calaveras mine soon after 1889. The mine was a major source of ore during the latter part of the operations of the Carson Hill Mining Com- pany, 1918-26. During the operations of the Carson Hill Mining Corporation, 1933-42, it was mined extensively both underground and in open cuts. The mine is developed by the 1500-foot Calaveras adit, the portal of which is just west of State Highway 49 at Melones; several raises; and two open cuts on the ad- jacent northern slope, known as the north and south pits. These workings are on the Calaveras vein system which is described in the section on geology. Finnegan mine. Located on the northeast slope of Carson Hill between the Reserve and Boston Consoli- dated claims, the Finnegan mine was operated separately from the other Carson Hill mines during much of its history. The mine was discovered in 1856 by John Finnegan. In 1867 a small rich ore shoot that yielded $80,000 to $100,000 was encountered on the property (Mining and Scientific Press, 6/15/67, p. 374). During the latter part of the 19th Century, the mine was almost continuously active. In 1894 it was being worked on a small scale for pockets (Crawford, 1894, p. 92). In the early 1900s, the mine was worked chiefly by open-pit method, and in 1910 a $10,000 pocket was discovered. The open cuts of the Finnegan and the adjoining Re- serve claim of the Melones Mining Company finally joined and a suit against the latter concern resulted. From about 1920 until about 1931, the mine was operated by Lewis, Gilman, and Moore. Apparently it has been idle 50 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 since. The output since 1897 has been valued at more than $120,000 (Logan, 1935, p. 139). The ore body consisted of mineralized amphibolite schist as much as 100 feet thick on the footwall of the Bull vein. This was developed by the open cut that now is part of the large Morgan glory hole, and two adits. To the east a narrow west-dipping quartz vein was devel- oped by a 350-foot inclined shaft. Melones mine. This mine consisted of the eight claims consolidated by the Melones Mining Company in 1895 and operated as a unit until 1919. They extend from the summit of Carson Hill south to the river and are on and east of the Bull vein. All of the claims had earlier his- tories, and some— such as the Reserve, which had yielded $160,000 by 1868, and the Stanislaus, from which large amounts of teluride minerals were recovered— were rich. However, the Melones mine was best known for the large quantities of low-grade ore mined and milled at low costs. The main working entry was the Melones adit which extended 5000 feet from portal to workings. Morgan mine. Located on the northwest slope of Carson Hill, the Morgan mine probably has been the source of the largest amount of gold in the area. Dis- covered in 1850 it had yielded at least $2,800,000 by the end of 1851. In 1854 a large mass of gold was found on the property. The mine was active during the 1860s. It was idle during much of the following period until 1918, when it was acquired by the Carson Hill Gold Mining Company. In driving the Morgan adit the famous Hang- ing-wall ore shoot was discovered, consequently the Morgan and the adjoining Melones mine were major sources of ore from 1920 to 1926. This mine was again highly productive during the operations of the Carson Hill Gold Mining Corporation (1933-42). The principal working entries were the Morgan adit, the Morgan shaft, and the immense Morgan glory hole. Centennial (New Champion) mine Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 4, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., \y 2 miles northwest of West Point. Ownership: New Champion Mining Company, c/o H. G. O'Hanlon, West Point, California. The Centennial gold mine was worked from 1937 to 1940 (U. S. Bureau of Mines records). In 1946, it was reopened by the present owner and operated continu- ously until 1950. Except for 1954, when some gold was produced from a mill cleanup, the mine has been idle since. The quartz vein strikes N. 15° W., dips 50° SW., and averages 6 feet in thickness. The ore contains free gold, pyrite, and smaller amounts of chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Ore mined during the period of 1947-50 con- tained an average of $33 per ton in gold, and the sulfide concentrate contained as much as $575 per ton (H. G. O'Hanlon, personal communication, 1955). Several ore shoots were developed which pitch in a southeast direc- tion. Country rock is granodiorite. There is a dike of medium-grained diorite along the footwall of the vein. The mine is developed by a 200-foot inclined shaft with levels at 100 and 200 feet and a 55-foot inclined shaft about 400 feet to the southeast. At the 100-foot level a drift was run 90 feet southeast. At the 200-foot level drifts were run 650 feet southeast and 350 feet northwest. About 350 feet southeast of the main shaft on the 200-foot level, a winze was sunk to the 300-foot level. On the latter level drifts extend 350 feet to the southeast and 50 feet to the northwest. Most of the stoping has been on the 200-foot level and above. One of the stopes is connected with the 55-foot shaft. The ore was treated in a 40-ton mill which remains on the property. It is equipped with a jaw crusher, ball mill, rake classified, Knudsen bowl, and four flotation cells. Champion (Haskins) mine Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 4, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due west of West Point. Ownership: Josephine Ruffino and Rose Canevaro, 579 Greenwich Street, San Francisco, California. One of the more productive lode gold mines in the West Point district, the Champion was active during the 1870s and early 1880s. The output was as much as $5000 (.-. M k ■ ■-, M Photo 15. Centennial or New Champion gold mine and mill. West Point district. Camera facing northeast. ^*W* 1963 Calaveras County 51 per week from ore containing up to $100 per ton in gold (Mining and Scientific Press, 1/29/76, p. 69, and 9/28/78, p. 196). By 1882, the value of its total output was re- ported to have been $190,000 (Mining and Scientific Press, 5/6/82, p. 308). The mine was active again in 1898. Although the total production is unknown, its value has been estimated at about $500,000 at the old price (Logan, 1923a, p. 18). The deposit consists of a lens-shaped quartz vein within a diorite dike. Both strike northwestward and dip 35 to 65 degrees to the southwest. Country rock is granodior- ite. The main ore shoot ranged from 10 inches to 4 feet in width, had a stope length of 90 feet, and was mined to a depth of 700 feet. It was cut off both to the north and south by parallel northeast-striking fissures. A 100- foot drift was driven along the northeast fissure on the 400-foot level, and rich ore containing free gold and galena was encountered (Logan, 1923a, p. 18). The main shaft is 900 feet deep. Little ore was encountered on the lowest levels. The ore was treated in a stamp mill. The shaft is caved, and no equipment remains on the prop- erty. Collier (Blood, Sandwich) mine Location: S'/ 2 sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge north of the Stanislaus River 5 miles due east of Murphys and 1 mile west of the Stanislaus power house. Ownership: Sterling Carter, Murphys, California. This mine, which was the chief source of gold in the old Collierville mining district east of Murphys, was dis- covered in 1878. Soon afterward a five-stamp mill was erected, and the output was valued as high as $6000 per month (Mining and Scientific Press, 10/5/78, p. 212). The mine was worked almost continuously until 1899. It was active again in 1925 and 1926 with a small output (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 249). At the present time the owner is intermittently prospecting the surface and has made several cuts with a bulldozer. The main quartz vein strikes in a westerly direction and has a dip of 80° north. The quartz is dark in color and contains abundant sulfides including pyrite, galena, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, and stibnite. Tellurides also were reported to be present (Tucker, 1916, p. 74). Country rock is hard siliceous slate and quartz-mica schist of the Calaveras group which strikes almost due west. The mine is developed by seven west-trending drift adits ranging from 160 to 400 feet in length, and related raises and winzes. An aerial tramway was used to deliver ore from the adits to the mill. The workings are partially acces- sible, but all equipment has been removed. Commodore (Golden Gate) mine Location: Sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., on Mother Lode 1 mile northwest of San Andreas and west of State Highway 49. Ownership: Commodore Gold Mining Company, c/o Jones and Quinn, Wilhoit Build- ing, Stockton, California. The Commodore or Golden Gate gold mine s active prior to and during the 1870s when it jrked through a 450-foot adit (Logan, 1935, p. 137). In 99- 1900, the Commodore Gold Mining Company was or- ganized and reopened the mine. A shaft was sunk and sev- eral hundred tons of ore milled. Thereafter it lay idle until 1933 when an option was obtained by the Best and Belcher Mining Company of San Francisco, which also was developing the Everlasting mine south of San An- dreas. The workings were rehabilitated and some devel- opment work was done on the 200-foot level. Operations ceased in 1934, and apparently the mine has been idle since. A cross-section of the deposit is shown in figure 31, California Mining Bureau Bulletin 18 (Storms, 1900, p. 106). From west to east the formations are: amphibolite schist, ankerite, a quartz vein; a wide body of ankerite; serpentine; a mineralized quartz diorite intrusion, which is known as the Commodore vein; serpentine and diabase. The beds strike northwestward and dip to the northeast. On the hanging wall side of the quartz diorite intrusion is a 4-foot zone of crushed material from which rhombic crystals of dolomite containing visible particles of gold were recovered. Ore milled in 1900 contained an average of $4 per ton in gold, but some $7 ore was encountered to the north on the 300-foot level. The mine is developed by a 300-foot shaft sunk in the footwall. The shaft is vertical for the first 80 feet, and inclined 75 degrees the remainder of the distance. There are levels at 80, 200, and 300 feet, from which crosscuts extended to the vein. Demarest mine Location: NE'/ 4 sec. 16, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., just west of San Domingo Creek 1 mile southeast of Fourth Crossing and 7 miles southeast of San Andreas. Ownership: M. H. Manuel, Alurphys, California. This Mother Lode gold mine was originally worked in the 1850s (Logan, 1935, p. 138), and in the late 1860s it was reported to have had a large output (Mining and Scientific Press, 12/13/99, p. 723). It was worked also from 1897 to 1901 and again in 1904 by the Demarest Gold Aiining Company, D. C. Demarest, Berkeley, presi- dent. The shaft was sunk to a depth of 600 feet, and the ore was treated in a five-stamp mill. The production for these years was valued at $40,000 at the old price of gold (Logan, 1935, p. 138). From 1924 to 1937 several concerns operated the mine, including the Bear Mountain Development Company, Cherokee Development Company, and Alaska B. C. Gold, Incorporated. The mill was increased to 10 stamps, but only a small amount of ore was mined and milled. The mine was last worked in 1938-39 by E. J. Young of Angels Camp and has been idle since. The total output of the mine is estimated to have a value of about $75,000 at the old price of gold (D. C. Demarest, personal com- munication, 1957). There are three quartz veins on the property, but all of the work has been confined to the middle vein. It 52 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 strikes in a northwesterly direction, dips to the north- east, and ranges from 6 to 10 feet in thickness. Country rock is slate, phyllite, and smaller amounts of green schist. Gouge accompanies the vein on the hanging wall side north of the shaft, but some distance south of the shaft there is a flexing in the vein walls and the gouge passes over to the footwall side (Storms, 1900, p. 107). Present also are dikes of medium-grained diorite. The ore shoot south of the shaft had an average stope length of 225 feet and contained an average of $8 to $9 per ton at the old price of gold. It has an hour glass shape as viewed laterally, the narrowest portion being on the 500-foot level (D. C. Demarest, personal communication, 1957). The mine is developed by a 690-foot 60-degree in- clined shaft, with levels at 100, 300, 400, and 600 feet. Drifts range from 300 to 420 feet in length, and all have been driven south from the shaft. Besides the 10 stamps, the mill was equipped with amalgamation plates and Frue vanners. The shaft is caved and all equipment has been removed from the property. Dutchess Consolidated mine Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 5, NW% sec. 9, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge above Stanislaus River 1 mile northeast of the Vallecito-Columbia road. Ownership: Dutchess Consolidated Mining and Milling Company, 653 Ameri- can Avenue, Long Beach, California. The Dutchess mine consists of the Dutchess, Grand Dutchess, Hoosier Dutchess, and Little Dutchess claims. The mine was under development in 1900 under the di- rection of G. H. Lewis (Mining and Scientific Press, 10/20/00, p. 469). In 1905 the lower adit had been driven a distance of 1,824 feet, and ore was being treated in a 10-stamp mill. The Stanislaus Mining Company was formed to operate the property at this time (Mining and Scientific Press, 3/11/05, p. 157). Soon afterward, the mine was shut down and except for a small recorded out- put in 1914 remained idle until 1935. In that year the Dutchess Mining Company of Angels Camp was or- ganized. The lower adit was rehabilitated and some ore was mined during the next two years. The mine was shut down in 1937. During the past few years some surface prospecting has been done just north of the property by L. W. Bates of Columbia. The value of the total output is unknown. The main quartz vein, which ranges from 3 to 11 feet in thickness, has a northeast strike and an average dip of 75° NW. Country rock is granodiorite with mica and quartz-mica schist just to the west; limestone of the Calaveras formation lies to the north. The ore contains appreciable quantities of sulfides— as much as 8 percent pyrite was present in ore mined in the past (Tucker, 1916, p. 76). There are a number of narrow stringers that have yielded small but high-grade pockets. The mine is developed by three drift adits, the upper being 400, the middle 475, and the lower more than 1800 feet in length. The 10-stamp mill, the remains of which are on the property, was equipped with a jaw crusher, amalgamator, and a concentrating table. There was a cyanidation plant also. Easyz Bird (Big Pine, Le Roi) mine Location: S'/ 2 sec. 6, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mile northeast of Mokelumne Hill. Ownership: Wah Chang Mining Corporation, 137 Clarke Street, Bishop, Cali- fornia. The Easyz Bird gold mine was worked from 1898 to 1907 and again from 1914 to 1917 (Logan, 1925, p. 152). The mine was reopened in 1931 (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 252). From 1933 to 1938 it was operated by the Lucky Joe Mining Company. Between 1938 and 1942 the mine was operated by Le Roi Mines, Inc. From 1934 to Sep- tember 1936 the output was more than 8,000 ounces of gold and 2,000 ounces of silver (Julihn and Horton, 1938, p. 120). The mine has been idle since 1942. The Easyz Bird vein has a strike of N. 70° E., dips of 65°-80° SE., and ranges from 2 to 40 feet in thickness. The hanging wall is granodiorite, and the footwall is slate. In addition to the Easyz Bird vein, there are several other parallel and intersecting veins (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 252). Ore shoots, generally 15 to 20 feet wide and 100 to 360 feet long, were formed at vein intersections (Ju- lihn and Horton, 1938, p. 120). The gold is contained chiefly in the pyrite, although rich pockets of native gold occasionally were found. The average value of the ore was $4 to $6 per ton in gold, and the gold to silver ratio was 4 to 1 . The mine is developed by a 303-foot vertical shaft with crosscuts to the vein at 100, 200, and 300 feet. Drifts on these levels extend about 1 100 feet northeast and 900 feet southwest. The 100-foot level is connected with a south- trending adit. The shaft is open. Shrinkage stope mining methods were employed. The ore was treated in a 125-ton flotation mill which remains on the property. Mill recovery was about 94 per- cent, and the concentration ratio was 34 to 1. The con- centrates, which contained an average of 4.3 ounces of gold per ton, were shipped to the Amador Metal Reduc- tion Company at Jackson for cyanidation. The mill con- tains a primary gyratory crusher, ball mill, rake classifier, five flotation cells, thickening cone, and a disc filter. Economic (Cuneo) mine Location: NW 1 /, sec. 34, NE'/ 4 sec. 33, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on south side of San Antonio Creek 1 mile due south of Fricot School and half a mile north of Es- meralda School. Ownership: Raymond Cuneo, San Andreas, California. The Economic gold mine was one of the more produc- tive properties of the old Esmeralda mining district. It was worked prior to and during the 1880s. After lying idle for some years, the mine was leased in 1910 by the Standard Amalgamated Exploration Company of Boston, Massachusetts. A 20-stamp mill was erected, and a con- siderable amount of ore was mined and milled (Raymond Cuneo, personal communication, 1958). Operations 1963 Calaveras County 53 ceased in 1918, and except for surface prospecting, the mine has been idle since. This property is located on the Esmeralda vein sys- tem. This system consists of at least three parallel major veins which range in strike from due west to N. 85° W. and dip steeply to the north. The Chaparral mine is located on the most northerly of the three veins, the Economic and the Basco mines are on the central vein, while the Bonehard, K. and J., Esmeralda, and Bence mines are on the south vein (see Clark, 1954, plates 1 and 2). The vein at this mine has an average thickness of 6 feet, strikes nearly due west, and dips 75° N. The ore contained free gold and abundant sulfides; consider- able amounts of leaf gold were recovered from high- grade ore in the upper portion of the deposit. Country rock is graphitic slate and mica schist containing numer- ous bodies of talcose schist. The mine is developed by a 700-foot southeast crosscut adit to the vein from which nearly 1000 feet of drifts extend east on several levels and sub-levels. The 20-stamp mill was equipped with a crusher and Frue vanners which were driven by water power (Tucker, 1916, p. 77). All equipment has been removed from the property. Empire (Cleveland, Jumbo, Uno) mine Location: Sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mile west of Hodson and 3 miles northwest of Copperopolis. Ownership: Effie M. Tower, Farmington, California. The Empire gold mine was active from the 1870s (Min- ing and Scientific Press, 7/21/83, p. 36) through the 1890s (Crawford, 1896, p. 103). It was reopened in 1935 by the Empire Mining Syndicate of San Francisco and worked until 1939 by this concern and William A. Hess of Copperopolis. It has been idle since 1939. Native gold, auriferous pyrite, and minor amounts of galena and sphalerite are in a vein that strikes N. 50° W. and dips 20° NE. A basic dike, which is aurif- erous in part, and veins of calcite are associated with the vein. Many stringer quartz veins intersect the main vein. The hanging-wall is chloride schist of the Logtown Ridge formation, and the footwall is black Mariposa slate. The value of the ore ranged from $5 to $8 per ton (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 254). The mine is developed by a 300-foot inclined shaft with levels at 25, 100, and 225 feet which include about 800 feet of drifts. There is also a 100-foot shaft on the property. Esmeralda mine Location: Sec. 34, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., half a mile east of Esmeralda School on ridge north of Indian Creek. Ownership: John F. Davis estate, c/o John P. Davis, 38 Sansome Street, San Francisco, California. This gold mine was worked on a major scale beginning in 1885. In 1886-87, it was reported to have yielded more than $1000 per week from ore that contained an average of $32 per ton (Mining and Scientific Press, 4/24/86, p. 280, and 2/19/87, p. 128). The shaft was 250 feet deep, and the ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill (Irelan, 1888, p. 133). Operations continued through the 1890s until sometime around 1900. The mine apparently been idle for many years. The value of its total outpu s un- known, but several local residents estimate it to b< in excess of $300,000. The vein strikes nearly due west, dips 68° N., and is 3 to 4 feet thick. The ore contains free gold, with some sulfides. The country rock is graphitic slate containing numerous bodies of talc. Just to the south is green schist. The mine is developed by a 430-foot inclined shaft and at least 500 feet of drifts. The 10-stamp mill was equipped with a Frue vanner. All equipment has been removed from the property. Etna (Aetna, McKisson) Location: SE!4 sec. 18, T. 6 N., R 13 E., 1% miles due north of Glencoe by the South Fork Mokelumne River. Ownership: Calvin Snyder, Stockton, California; leased by O. C. Brink and E. J. Nuhn, P. O. Box 1021, Stockton. This gold mine was active prior to and around 1914 (Tucker, 1916, p. 66). It was reopened in 1933 by Con- solidated Mines of California (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 274) and operated until 1938. The mine was reopened again in 1951 by the present lessees and has been inter- mittently worked since. There are two nearly east-striking and south-dipping quartz veins. The ore, which contains free gold and con- siderable quantities of sulfides, is in steeply plunging lens- shaped shoots in the vein. Its value averaged $20 to $40 per ton (O. C. Brink, personal communication, 1957). Country rock is granodiorite. The mine is developed by a 1100-foot lower adit ex- tending southward and several shorter upper adits. An air raise connects the lower adit with the surface. There is a 10-stamp mill on the property. Everlasting (Sceiffard) mine Location: Sees. 19 and 20, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mile south of San Andreas on west side of the Kentucky House road. Ownership: C. J. Tiseornia, San Andreas, California. This gold mine was originally located about 1867 by John Sceiffard (Mining and Scientific Press, 7/9/87, p. 24). The mine was intermittently active during the 1870s, 1880s, and 1890s. In 1900, it was developed by a 225-foot shaft and a 200-foot open cut (Kerr, 1900). In 1935 the Best and Belcher Company, which was pro- specting the Commodore mine north of San Andreas, leased the property and sank a new shaft north of the old one. According to an article that appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle November 23, 1939, this operation was still continuing, and the new shaft had reached a depth of 310 feet. The value of the total output of the mine is unknown. This deposit is one of several located on an irregular vein system in the San Andreas area of the Mother Lode which strikes northwestward and dips to the northeast. Much of the quartz has been crushed and mixed with gouge, and the gouge is heavy on both walls (Fairbanks, 54 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 1890, p. 63). The hanging wall is serpentine and the foot- wall is greenstone. Just to the east is amphibolite and to the west are metasedimentary rocks of the Calaveras for- mation. The vein ranges from 8 to 14 feet in thickness. Ore mined in 1935 yielded $3.50 to $16 per ton (Logan andFranke, 1936, p. 243). Fellowcraft (Bode, Veritas) mine Location: E l / 2 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., just east of San Andreas. Ownership: C. J. Tiscornia, San Andreas, California. This Mother Lode gold mine was discovered in 1852 (Alining and Scientific Press, 5/2/85, p. 288) and worked intermittently during the 1860s, 1870s, and 1880s. In 1893 it was reported to have had a total output of $100,000 (Preston, 1893, p. 178). The mine was active in 1900, and the ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill (Storms, 1900, p. 106). Apparently the last year of operation was in 1907 when the output was less than $1000 (Logan, 1935, p. 139). There are two principal vein systems 100 to 135 feet apart. Each consists of a series of quartz stringers con- taining free gold and sulfides. The west vein averages 2 feet in thickness and the east vein 4 to 8 feet. The veins strike northwestward and dip to the northeast. Country rock is amphibolite and chlorite schist and just to the east is Calaveras slate. The mine is developed by a 230- foot inclined shaft sunk on the west vein with levels at 50, 100, and 200 feet. On the 100- and 200-foot levels, crosscuts extend to the east vein. There is also an adit on the west vein. The 10-stamp mill was equipped with Frue vanners and Wilfley table. Fidelity mine Location: SE>/ 4 sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., three-quarters of a mile due south of Glencoe. Owner- ship: E. E. Allen, 145 Persia Street, San Francisco, Cali- fornia. The Fidelity gold mine was active in 1882 and again in 1889 when it had been developed to a depth of 200 feet (Mining and Scientific Press, 4/20/89, p. 276). No data are available on subsequent operations until 1934 when it was reopened by E. Gilomen of Mokelumne Hill (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 255). The property was partially rehabilitated, a 15-ton mill erected, and appar- ently some ore was mined. This operation ceased after 1936, and the mine lay idle until 1952 when it was ac- quired by the present owner. Since then it has been worked intermittently on a small scale by a partnership consisting of Mr. Allen and Paul DeRoss of Glencoe. A new 40-foot shaft has been sunk near the lower adit portal and about 30 feet of drifting to the south has been done. Native gold, pyrite, some chalcopyrite, and small amounts of galena are in a north- to northwest-striking, east-dipping quartz vein that ranges from 1 '/ 2 to 6 feet in thickness. Country rock in the vicinity of the vein consists of graphitic slate, dark dense quartzite, and mica schist. Present also are dark dense fine- to medium- grained diorite dikes. Ore taken from the new shaft con- tained $25 to $30 per ton in gold (E. E. Allen, personal communication, 1955). Besides the new 40- foot shaft, the mine is developed by a 150-foot lower drift adit; a 200- foot south drift adit 80 feet above the lower adit; and a 400-foot north drift adit which is caved. To the south there is also an old 200-foot shaft which is now caved. Fine Gold mine Location: S'/ 2 sec. 29, T 6 N., R 14 E, M.D.M., 3!/ 2 miles due east of Railroad Flat. Ownership: W. P. Caubu, c/o F. R. Drinkhouse, 1257 Shrader Street, San Francisco, California. This gold mine was first worked in 1883 by John Gilman, and for a few years following, it was the source of considerable amounts of gold. By 1886 it had been developed to a depth of 250 feet (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 255), and the ore was being treated in a 10- stamp mill. The mine was idle during the 1890s. The property was active from 1906 to 1910 and again from 1915 to 1924. The mine was reopened in 1934 by the Western Pacific Gold iMining Company, and in 1935 it was leased to the Fine Gold Mining Company of Los Angeles, Horace Taylor, president. A new mill was built, and the property was operated almost continuously until 1941. Some work was done in the mine during the period 1948-49 by the Fine Gold Mining Company, but it has been idle since. The dump was recently used as a source of fill material for road construction. The value of the total output is estimated to be about $200,000 (Clemens Roark, personal communication, 1959). The quartz vein strikes north, dips 75° W., and aver- ages 5 feet in thickness. The quartz ranges from milky white to dark gray in color and contains abundant sul- fides including pyrite, chalcopyrite, and arsenopyrite. Closely associated with the vein are several dikes of buff- colored fine-grained diorite. The footwall is graphitic slate and schist, and the hanging wall is fine-grained hornfels. The value of the ore mined during the 1880s was reported to have averaged $20 per ton (Mining and Scientific Press, 11/21/85, p. 344), but that mined during the 1930s was about $7 per ton (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 255). However, some ore containing as much as $30 per ton was reported to have been mined during the last period of operation (Clemens Roark, personal communi- cation, 1959). The mine is developed by the Main Fine Gold 250- foot inclined shaft with levels at 100 and 200 feet. A con- siderable amount of drifting has been done and most of the workings are open. The 50-ton mill, which remains on the property, contains a jaw crusher, ball mill, rake classifier, flotation cells, thickener, filter, and table. Be- sides the mill building and hoisting shed, there are a number of other buildings on the property. Ford (Apex) mine Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 12 E, M.D.M., half a mile east of San Andreas. Ownership: Mrs. Ann Dower, W. W. and Edith Steele, c/o W. W. Steele, Jackson, California. 1963] Calaveras County 55 The Ford mine was originally worked prior to the 1890s when considerable amounts of gold were sluiced from the surface (Crawford, 1896, p. 104). During the 1890s, the Ford brothers sank a 120-foot vertical shaft. Later the Ford Gold Mining Company was organized to work the property. A 700-foot shaft was sunk north of the old shaft, and a 10-stamp mill was erected (Storms, 1900, p. 108). This work ceased about 1900, and the mine was idle until 1914-15 when some prospecting work was done (Tucker, 1916, p. 80). In 1922 the mine was reopened by the Apex Mining Company. This company and other concerns operated the mine intermittently during the 1920s and 1930s. In the late 1930s the mine was operated by James B. Fer- guson of Long Beach, California who erected a mill and began sinking a new shaft. The mine has been idle since. The deposit is in a series of complexly folded beds of chloride and amphibolitic schists (Knopf, 1929, p. 71). Black slate, talc schist, hornblendite, limestone, and gar- netiferous white schist are present also. Four northwest- striking veins are on the property— the west vein, 120 feet west of the main shaft; the main vein on which the main shaft was sunk; the hanging wall vein; and the east vein, which crops out 270 feet east of the main shaft. The east and west veins were the richest and the latest work was concentrated at these localities (Logan, 1935, p. 139). The west vein is about 4 feet thick, and the east vein is a belt of quartz stringers' 20 feet thick. The ore con- tains variable amounts of pyrite and smaller amounts of other sulfides. At one time hessite, petzite, and some rich gold specimens were recovered from the main vein. In the last operation the value of the mill heads ranged from $5 to $8 per ton (Logan, 1936, p. 257). The mine is developed bv a 750-foot inclined shaft sunk on the main vein with levels at 100, 200, 300, 400, and 700 feet; a 120-foot vertical shaft 300 feet south of the main shaft; and several thousand feet of drifts and crosscuts. The mill used in the last operation was equip- ped with a Hadsel impact breaker, a jig, and two flota- tion cells. It treated about 30 tons of ore per day. All equipment has been removed. German Ridge and Jupiter mine Location: Sees. 15 and 16, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 l / 2 miles northeast of Angels Camp. Ownership: German Ridge and Jupiter Gold Mines Corporation, c/o Mrs. M. M. E. Johnson, Angels Camp, California. The German Ridge and Jupiter gold mine originally was active prior to 1889 (Brown, 1890, p. 149). By 1914 sporadic superficial work had been done in search of high-grade pockets (Tucker, 1916, p. 80). Some work was done on the property from 1931 to 1934. In 1933 and 1934, between $14,000 and $16,000 worth of gold was produced (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 259). The quartz vein strikes in a northwest direction, dips steeply to the northeast, and ranges from 2 to 10 feet in thickness. Asso- ciated with the vein is schist interlaced with many quartz veinlets. The mine is developed by a 140-foot shaft with a level at 55 feet where drifts were driven 80 feet to the northwest and 150 feet to the southeast. The as treated in a five-stamp mill. Gold Cliff mine Location: SE 1 ^ sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just west of Angels Camp. Ownership: Utica Mines, Inc., 220 A-lontgomery Street, San Francisco, California. One of the better-known Adother Lode gold mines in the county, the Gold Cliff mine was discovered in 1850. The Utica Gold Mining Company gained control of the property in 1884 and operated it in conjunction with other mines until 1920. The value of the output for this period of operation was $2,834,000 (Logan, 1935, p. 141). Except for sampling the open cut in the 1930s, the mine has been idle since 1920. The deposit is in the main Mother Lode belt and con- sists of mineralized chlorite and amphibolite schist cut by numerous quartz veins and veinlets. The ore body was as much as 100 feet thick. It strikes northwestward and dips to the northeast; at depth the dip flattens to as little as 7 degrees. The gold was associated with sulfides in the schist and quartz. The average value of the ore as mined ranged from $2.00 to $2.50 per ton and the sulfide con- centrate from $30 to $50 per ton. In the upper workings the immediate hanging wall of the ore body was a mas- sive barren quartz vein. At depth the hanging wall was hard, grooved amphibolite schist that stood without tim- bering and was a major factor in permitting low-cost mining operations (Logan, 1935, p. 140). Between the 1600- and 1700-foot levels, a nearly horizontal fault of several hundred feet displacement offsets the ore body to the north. The Gold Cliff vein system intersects the Utica vein about 2700 feet below the surface in the Utica workings, but no high-grade ore was encountered at this intersection (Knopf, 1929, p. 72). The mine is developed by an open cut and a 1700-foot inclined shaft; only a portion of the underground work- ings is shown in figure 10. A 270-foot inclined winze was sunk from the 1700-foot level. A northeast crosscut on the 1400-foot level is connected with 1500-foot level of the Utica mine. Open stopes with pillars were employed; little timbering was required. The ore was treated in a 200-ton mill equipped with a Blake crusher, 40 stamps, and 24 Frue vanners. No equipment remains on the prop- erty. Golden Hill mine Location: Sec. 1, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3»/ 2 miles northwest of San Andreas on the Judd Ranch. Owner- ship: Lookout Mining Company, 33 California Street, San Francisco, California. This mine is on the Mother Lode gold belt half a mile north of the Lookout Mountain mine and near the crest of a ridge. It was active during the 1870s when rich ore was reported to have been mined (Alining and Scientific Press, 3/3/77, p. 133). In 1896 the mine was developed by two shafts, 60 feet and 100 feet deep (Crawford, 1896, p. 106). Although there are no published records, the mine was worked on a major scale following 1896. Exten- 56 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 sive dumps indicate considerable development work, and according to several local residents, the mine had a large output. During the 1930s ore was mined from open cuts north and south of the main shaft and treated in the mill at the Lookout mine (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 270). Apparently the mine has been idle since. The ore zone, which is as much as 8 feet thick, con- sists of quartz and mineralized schist. It strikes N. 30° W. and dips to the northeast. Country rock is slate and fine- grained chloritic schisf. The ore contains free gold and auriferous pyrite. Ore milled in 1936 had a value of $1.70 to $3.50 per ton, and the concentrates averaged $90 per on (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 270). The mine is de- veloped by a main 350-foot inclined shaft that is partially open, two other open shafts 50 and 200 feet to the south- east, and several open cuts. No equipment remains at the mine, but a large mill building stands to the east at the junction of the roads to this property and the Lookout Mountain mine. Gold Hill mine Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due west of Angels Camp and just north of State Highway 4. Ownership: Charles C. Crespi et al., Angels Camp, California. This Mother Lode gold mine was originally worked during the early days of the gold rush when $100,000 was recovered from surface pockets (Mining and Scien- tific Press, 7/9/92, p. 28). After lying idle for some years it was reopened about 1890 by the Gold Hill Mining Company and operated until sometime around 1902. During this operation considerable amounts of ore were mined and treated in a 20-stamp mill. After 1902, the mine was mostly idle. In 1936 it was leased by the Belmont-Osborn Gold Mining Company (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 242). This concern reha- bilitated the main working entries and mined some ore, which was treated at the Belmont-Osborn mill half a mile to the northwest. Later several individuals prospected the upper workings in search of high-grade pockets. At pres- ent, intermittent surface prospecting work is being done on the property. One prospect hole some 400 feet west of the shaft collar is 20 feet wide and has exposed a 10-foot zone of parallel quartz stringers that contains abundant iron oxide and small amounts of free gold. Dump material is occasionally used as road fill. The vein, which ranges from 10 to 30 feet in thickness, has a strike of about N. 35° W., and dips 60-70° NE. Country rock is chloritic amphibolite schist, dark massive fine-grained greenstone, and smaller amounts of phyllite and slate. The mine is developed by a steeply inclined 330-foot shaft with levels at 165 and 300 feet; and two adits, one a crosscut adit just to the west of the shaft, and a drift adit, the portal of which is some 200 yards southeast of the shaft. The shaft and the adit portals are open. There are more than 3000 i- et of drifts (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 242). A considerable amount of stoping was done southeast of the shaft. There are also numerous open cuts and prospect holes in the vicinity. Except for several buildings, there is no equipment on the property. Gold Knoll mine Location: N'/ 2 sec. 32, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2V 2 miles northwest of Copperopolis. Ownership: Louis Cereghino et al., c/o Fred Seitz, 1540 Carol Avenue, Burlingame, California. This gold mine was developed originally in 1925-27 by the Gold Knoll Mining Company (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 260). During the 1930s it was operated by sev- eral concerns and individuals, including the Felix Mining Company, Alfred Meyers of San Francisco, and J. Bet- tencourt and J. H. Bowie of Copperopolis. In 1942 and 1943 some work was done in the mine by R. A. Ford of Copperopolis, and in 1953 a small amount of gold was recovered from a mill cleanup by Mr. Ford and Joseph Paltor of Copperopolis. There are two quartz veins on the property, approxi- mately 200 feet apart, which are known as the main or west vein and the east or Miller vein. They strike north- westward, dip 45° NE., and range from a few feet to as much as 26 feet in thickness. The ore is mostly low grade, usually averaging a few dollars per ton, but the sulfide concentrate from the west vein was reported to have been valued as high as $68.00 per ton (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 260). Country rock in the vicinity of the veins is Mariposa slate with some green schist. Ser- pentine lies to the east. The mine is developed by a 300-foot inclined shaft sunk on the west vein with levels at 50, 115, and 300 feet, and a crosscut adit which connects with the 50-foot level. The adit portal is 200 feet west of the shaft. Most of the workings are northwest of the shaft. There is a 1000-foot drift on the 300-foot level from which three crosscuts have been driven to the east vein. The ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill which remains on the property. It is equipped with amalgamation plates, two tables, and two vanners. Gwin (Paloma) mine Location: Sees. 21, 22, 27 and 28, T. 5 N, R. 11 E., M.D.M., in Rich Gulch 4 miles southwest of Mokelumne Hill and just north of the old town of Paloma. Owner- ship: Gwin Mine Development Company, c/o J. A. Levensaler, 519 California Street, San Francisco, Cali- fornia. The Gwin mine was one of the most productive .Mother Lode gold mines in Calaveras County. The value of its total output is unknown, but information obtained from old reports shows that it is somewhere between 6 and 7 million dollars, at the old price of gold. Except for small amounts of surface exploration and develop- ment work done in the 1920s and 1940s, the mine has been left idle since 1908. One of the first gold-quartz mines to have been opened in California, the Gwin {initially known as the Paloma) was originally prospected in 1850 (Mining and Scien- tific Press, 4/23/98, p. 437). Soon afterward a 200-foot shaft was sunk, and some high-grade ore was encoun- 1963 Calaveras County 57 Photo 16. Photo of the Gwin gold mine taken about 1900, showing headframe, hoisting plant, and 100-stamp mill building. Camera facing northwest. Photo 17. Another view of the Gwin gold mine taken about 1900, showing the surface plant and mill building. Camera facing northeast. 58 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 MAIN OLD NORTH SHAFT SHAFT < elev 11691 NEW SOUTH ORE SHOOT *\ l l...,'„vbr>. 2800 Le vel A Sloped Area 50 100 200 400 FEET Modified from map accompanying private report by LA Levensaler and 0. D Rohlfs, 1940 Figure 8. Longitudinal section of the Gwin gold mine. 1963 Calaveras County 59 tered. Senator William Gwin purchased the property in 1867 and later obtained the adjoining Alexander and Smith claims, which were consolidated as the Gwin mine. In the early 1870s this was the most productive gold mine in the county, and one of the most productive in the State, the yield being as much as $1,000 per day (Mining and Scientific Press, 5/23/74, p. 326). By 1877, the mine had been developed to an inclined depth of 1200 feet. In that year the so-called "main chimney" Or North ore shoot was encountered, which yielded large quantities of ore between the 1200- and 1500-foot levels. The ore was treated in several stamp mills including one with 60 stamps and a chlorination works. The mine was shut down in 1882. The estimated value of the total out- put up to that date ranged from $2,000,000 (Irelan, 1887, p. 32) to $3,000,000 (Mining and Scientific Press, 9/14/95, p. 168). In 1894 the newly organized Gwin Mine Development Company purchased the property and reopened the mine. The new vertical main shaft was sunk north of the old workings, and a new 40-stamp mill (that later was in- creased to 100 stamps) was erected. The mine was oper- ated on a major scale until 1908. During this last opera- tion, 984,442 tons of ore were mined and milled, which yielded approximately $4,044,000 (Levensaler and Rohlfs, 1940). Apparently some work was done on the property in 1927 as the Mineral Resources of the United States for that year reported a yield of 100 ounces of gold (Min. Res. of U.S., 1927, part I, p. 273). In 1941 the surface was prospected by Robert Gallagher of Valley Springs and in 1946 by John Folsom of Valley Springs. The Gwin vein is in the same belt of Mariposa slate that contains the highly productive Mother Lode mines to the north in Amador County. This belt is approxi- mately 2000 feet wide in the Gwin mine area. The fol- lowing information on the geology of the deposit is ex- tracted from the U. S. Geological Survey Mother Lode folio (Ransome, 1900, p. 8): "South of the Mokelumne River, the Gwin mine is situated in a belt of Mariposa slates which is directly continuous with the slates of the Kennedy and Argonaut mines. The Gwin vein strikes with the slates and is generally parallel with their cleav- age. It is accompanied by stringers, and varies in width, but on the whole is entitled to be called a simple vein rather than a stringer lead. The vein minerals are quartz, pyrite, arsenopyrite, free gold, and a little chalcopyrite, galena, zinc blende, albite, sericite, and calcite. Galena and zinc blende, when present in small amount, are con- sidered to indicate good ore. The arsenopyrite is in both large and small crystals. The former are particularly prized, as they inclose beautiful arborescent masses of crystallized gold. All the free gold in the ore is coarse, and is easily caught on the plates after passing a No. 16 screen on the mortars; the tailings are said to average only 12 cents per ton. If true, this indicates a saving of about 98 percent of the gold, which is a remarkably high average. Common pyrite is by far the most abundant sulphide in the ore. The average value of the ore is said to run from $5 to $7 per ton. The slates near e vein are impregnated with sulphurets, but these sulp ; are not so rich as those in the vein and are said to contain a larger proportion of silver. A conglomerate similar to many such beds occurring in the Mariposa forma lies on the foot-wall side of the vein, and is said to carr . gold up to 50 cents per ton, as shown by several assays. The ore shoot in the Gwin appears to be pyramidal in form and to be nearly vertical as far as exploited." There are two veins, the East or main vein from which most of the gold was obtained, and a west vein. The main vein strikes N. 12° W. and dips 60°-75° NE. The two principal ore shoots on the main vein were the Old South and North ore shoots (see fig. 8). The Old South -shoot extended from the surface to the 1200-foot main shaft level and was mined by the Gwin Mining Company. Its stopes averaged 250 feet in length, and it had a maxi- mum width of 22 feet. The North shoot was the prin- cipal source of production for the operation of the Gwin Mine Development Company. Stopes were hundreds of feet long and as much as 40 feet wide. However, consid- erable amounts of extremely low-grade rock were mined to supply sufficient feed for the 100-stamp mill (Leven- saler and Rohlfs, 1940). Toward the end of the last operations, an exploratory drift was driven south on the 2400-foot level which en- countered a new ore body about 1700 feet south of the crosscut from the main shaft. This was known as the New South ore shoot. It had a length of about 95 feet and was reported to have contained from 0.79 to 1.3 ounces of gold per ton. The mine is developed by the 2533-foot vertical main shaft, the 1800- foot inclined south shaft, and several old shallow shafts (see fig. 8). There are more than 25,000 feet of underground workings. The 100-stamp mill used in the last operation was driven by water power and was equipped with Frue vanners (Tucker, 1916, p. 85). No equipment remains on the property. Ilex (Anglo-Saxon, Tiger) mine Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 6 miles northeast of Mokelumne Hill in the old Rich Gulch district. Ownership: W. W. Steele and Julius Podesta, Jackson, California. This gold mine is a consolidation of the Anglo-Saxon and Tiger -mines which were originally worked sepa- rately. Both were mined extensively in the 1850s and 1860s. In 1868, the Anglo-Saxon was reported to be de- veloped by three shafts and was yielding gold ore worth $40 per ton, and the Tiger had a 100-foot ore shoot that contained $20 ore (Alining and Scientific Press, 3/28/68, p. 178). The Tiger continued to be worked during the 1870s and 1880s and the ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill. C. H. Livingston was the operator. Sometime be- tween 1886 and 1888, the Ilex Gold Mining Company was organized and consolidated the properties. An exten- sive surface plant was constructed that included a head- frame 100 feet high, tramway, 40-stamp mill with Frue vanners, and a chlorination plant (Irelan, 1888, p. 135). 60 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 The mine was closed down shortly afterward and lay idle for many years. From 1935 to 1943 and again from 1945 to 1948, the surface was prospected by Malcom Longhead, and some production was recorded. The property apparently has been idle since 1948. The deposit consists of a series of at least seven parallel quartz veins that have strikes of N. 70°-85° E. and dip to the south. The ore contained varying amounts illides including pyrite, galena, and smaller amounts of chalcopyrite, galena, and stibnite. The main or Ilex vein, which is in the center of the vein system, was reported to have contained an ore shoot 240 feet long (Irelan, 1888, p. 137). Country rock is coarse muscovite- biotite schist and impure quartzite. Granodiorite gneiss lies to the north. Diorite dikes are associated with the veins. The mine is developed by a 270-foot shaft both inclined and vertical, which is caved. A 1000-foot drift adit explores the Ilex vein and several shorter drifts ex- plore the other veins. Numerous open cuts expose the surface of the deposit. Kate Hageman (Comet, Gospel) mine Location: Sees. 6 and 7, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., 2 miles northwest of San Andreas and just west of State High- way 49. Ownership: Dalaray Mines, Inc., et al., c/o John Munoz, Mokelumne Hill, California. The Kate Hageman gold mine, which was originally known as the Comet mine, was active during the 1870s and 1880s when large amounts of ore were mined in an open cut and treated in a 20-stamp mill (Crawford, 1896, p. 101). In 1935, the mine was reopened by a partnership, consisting of R. Hageman, A. Garwood, and D. C. Smith of San Andreas (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 267), which later was known as Dalaray Mines, Inc. A mill was erected, and considerable amounts of ore were mined in an open cut by power shovel. This operation continued until 1941, but the mine has been idle since. This mine is on the Mother Lode gold belt. The quartz vein, which is as much as 9 feet thick, has a northwest strike and dips 51° NE. The footwall is greenstone, and the hanging wall is slate. Ore mined from the main quartz vein yielded $7 per ton, and quartz stringers west of the vein yielded $3 to $4 per ton in gold (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 267). Besides the open cut, the mine is developed by a 25-foot shaft sunk on the vein and two old 300-foot crosscut adits driven from the east. The mill used in the last operation contained 10-stamp and three-stamp units. Keltz mine Location: S'/ 2 sec. 24, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Skull Flat 3'/ 2 miles northeast of West Point. Ownership: Julia B. Higgins, Mount Kisco, New York. The Keltz mine was one of the chief sources of gold in the old Skull Flat mining district. It consists of several claims including the Keltz, Keltz Extension, Owl, Hard Lead, and Englishman. The mine was first worked during the early days of the gold rush, and according to several local residents, more than $300,000 vas recovered from less than 200 tons of ore. The mine was active again during the 1880s and 1890s (Crawford, 1894, p. 94). In 1921, the property was reopened by the North Star Mines Company of Grass Valley. A crosscut adit was driven, but little ore was mined. In 1940-41, the dump was worked by T. A. Zimmerman of Sacramento and F. W. Whitford of Pine Grove (U. S. Bureau of Mines records), but the mine has been idle since. There is a series of parallel north-striking quartz veins, but most of the work has been on the Keltz vein. This vein strikes N. 5° W., dips 75° W., and ranges from 1 '/z to 4 feet in thickness. Ore shoots 50 and 100 feet in length were developed (Logan, 1923a, p. 21). Sulfides are abundant, especially pyrite and galena. Fine-grained diorite dikes are associated with the veins. The mine is developed by a 450-foot east-trending crosscut adit, the portal of which is 100 feet above the Mokelumne River; and several older overlying adits, drifts, and an 80-foot shaft on the ridge. Lamphear mine Location: Sec. 18, T. 5 N, R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due south of Mokelumne Hill on ridge southeast of Chili Gulch. Ownership: Roanoke Mining Company, c/o Frank A. West, 311 East Main Street, Stockton 5, Cali- fornia. The Lamphear gold mine was first worked about 1866, and the ore was treated in arrastras (Mining and Scien- tific Press, 4/8/66, .p. 210). Soon afterward a 10-stamp mill was erected, and the mine was almost continuously active from the 1870s until around 1900. In 1896, it was purchased by the Roanoke Mining Company which operated the nearby Sport Hill hydraulic and lode mine. The mine was reopened in 1922 and operated intermit- tently until 1930, chiefly by the Lamphear Mining Com- pany. Some work was done again on the property in 1934-35 by Precious Metals, Inc., of Buffalo, New York (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 267). Published production figures show the mine to have a total output valued at about $122,000. The Lamphear vein strikes in a northeasterly direction, dips 45° SE., and swells and pinches. It has a slate hang- ing wall and amphibolite schist footwall. In 1930, the last year for which production figures were available, 400 tons of ore yielded $4,000 (Min. Res. of U. S., 1930, part I, p. 989). The sulfide concentrates, which amounted to 3/4 percent of the ore and of which 1 percent was galena, averaged $65 per ton at the old price (Logan, 1925, p. 155). The mine is developed by a 300-foot inclined footwall shaft steeper than the vein with levels at 115, 180, and 280 feet. The vein has been stoped both northeast and southwest of the shaft chiefly above the 180-foot level. In the last operations, the ore was treated in a 20-stamp mill. The shaft is caved, and all equipment has been removed. Lightner mine Location: NEtf sec. 33, T. 3 N, R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Angels Camp. Ownership: B. F. Wellington Jr., 409 Park Way, Piedmont 1 1, California. 1963^ Calaveras County 61 This Mother Lode gold mine is in Angels Camp be- tween the Utica and Angels mines. It was originally worked prior to 1857 to a depth of about 70 feet (Mining and Scientific Press, 12/5/96, p. 466). The mine was idle until 1896 when it was reopened by the Lightner Gold Mining Company which had just been organized. The de- posit was first mined at the surface, then on a large scale by underground methods. Except for 1910, the mine was continuously active until 1915 when it was shut down. From 1896 to 1915, approximately 500,000 tons of ore were mined which yielded more than $3,000,000 (B. F. Wellington Jr., personal communication, 1957). The mine was dewatered in 1920, but there was no production, and it has been idle since. As in the other gold mines in the Angels Camp area, the deposit contained large tonnages of low-grade ore. The main vein zone, which was as much as 120 feet wide, has a northwest strike and a dip which ranges from steep northeast to vertical. Above the 600-foot level the ore consisted of mineralized amphibolite schist and slate with quartz and talc. Below that level there are three dis- tinctive vein zones. A vein of talc crosses the main vein between the 500- and 600-foot levels. The mine is devel- oped by a 1050-foot shaft. The mill was equipped with 60 stamps and 36 Frue vanners. Lockwood mine (Mina Rica) Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 6, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., and NEK sec. 6, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 miles east of West Point. Ownership: Lockwood Consolidated Gold Mining Company, 1834 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California. The Lockwood gold mine was active prior to and dur- ing the 1860s. In 1866, it was reported to have been de- veloped to a depth of 100 feet, and ore valued as high as $100 per ton was being mined (Mining and Scientific Press, 8/11/66, p. 86). During this period it was operated by the Mina Rica Mining Company. The mine was active much of the time through the 1870s, 1880s, and 1890s. In 1888, it was described in detail in the Eighth Report of the State Mineralogist (Irelan, 1888, pp. ! By this time it had been developed to a depth / 2 miles northeast of Milton. Ownership: Jackson D. McCarty Co., c/o Al McCarty, 1246 North Commerce Street, Stockton, California. The Ranch gold mine was worked originally from 1903 to 1906 (U. S. Bureau of Mines records). Some work was done from 1928 to 1935 by lessees including E. H. Hartley & Associates (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 282). In 1936 it was sampled by J. H. Bowie of Cop- peropolis (Julihn and Horton, 1938, p. 134). From 1940 to 1942 the mine was operated by J. T. McCarty and S. A. Hiscox of Copperopolis, but it has been idle since. Native gold and auriferous pyrite are in a quartz vein that strikes northwestward and dips about 30° to the northeast. The vein ranges from 2 to 18 feet in thickness. Above the 100-foot level the ore is largely free-milling, but below the 100-foot level, the gold is chiefly in sul- fides (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 283). Samples cut across an average vein width of 8 feet in 1936 were val- ued at $4.20 in gold per ton (Julihn and Horton, 1938, p. 134). Country rock is Mariposa slate. The mine is developed by two inclined shafts 400 feet apart. The north shaft is 200 feet deep and the south shaft 235 feet deep. They are connected on the 100-foot level. A 75-foot drift extends southeast from the south shaft on the 100-foot level. On the 300-foot level of the south shaft a drift extends 250 feet southeast. From 1940 to 1942 ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill just west of the south shaft. About a quarter of a mile north of the north shaft a "blanket" vein dips about 10° W. This vein was mined by open pit methods between 1928 and 19: developed by a 200-foot inclined shaft. Right Bower (Great Western, Western) mine Location: W'/ 2 sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., ju.s. north of Indian Creek and 2 miles due south of Sheep Ranch. Ownership: Alice Deleray, 2600 Union Street, San Francisco; leased by Henry Peterson, P. O. Box 53, Murphys, California. The Right Bower gold mine was originally worked during the 1870s. At that time ore was treated in an eight-stamp mill (Mining and Scientific Press, 9/14/72, p. 164). It was active during the 1890s and again around 1905 when there was substantial production. During the 1930s the property was worked bv several concerns in- cluding the Western Quartz Mining Company of San Jose. The mine was reopened by the present operator in 1954 and has been active since. The deposits consist of a series of narrow, west-trend- ing, intensely faulted and sheared quartz veins in mica schist, quartz-mica schist and graphitic slate. Dip is verti- cal or nearly so. A number of dikes of fine-grained diorite and quartz diorite are present. The ore contains free gold and appreciable amounts of pyrite, galena, and chalco- pyrite. Usually the gold is associated with galena. The mine is developed by a north crosscut adit. About 500 feet in from the portal are two branches, one to the northeast and one to the northwest. Some 300 feet farther in on the northwest branch is a 140-foot vertical winze. The operators at present are working a small, rich ore body at the bottom of the winze. A crosscut is being driven north from the bottom of the winze. Numerous older workings in the mine include a 250-foot shaft, that connects with the adit level; crosscuts, raises, and winzes. During the 1930s, the ore was treated in a 35-ton mill, the building of which remains on the property. At present the ore is hand-sorted and shipped to the Sclby smelter. Two men, including Mr. Peterson, work at the mine. Photo 21. Adit portal and surface plant of the Right Bower gold mine, 4 miles north of Murphys. Camera facing north. 68 California Division of Mines and Geology Figure 9. Cross section of Royal gold mine. Royal mine Location: NE% sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 Vi miles northwest of Copperopolis and just north of Hodson. Ownership: EffLe M. Tower, Farmington, Cali- fornia. The largest and most productive mine of the West Gold Belt in Calaveras County, the Royal mine consists of a number of claims including the Emma, Goodenough, Royal Lode, and Royal Mine Extension. The mine was originally worked prior to 1883. In 1884 it was being developed by the Pine Log Mining Company (Mining and Scientific Press, 12/27/84, p. 408). By 1892 it had been developed to an inclined depth of 185 feet, and the ore was being treated in a 10-stamp mill. Soon afterward the Royal Consolidated Mining Com- pany was organized, and beginning in 1895 under the direction of D. Jutton and later J. C. Kemp van Ee, the mine was developed and worked on a major scale. The mill was increased to 40 stamps, and in 1903 a new 120- stamp mill was completed. Operations continued until 1905. It was reopened in 1914 and operated intermittently until 1931 (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 285). From 1932 to 1942, it was operated on a moderate scale by F. S. Tower of Milton. Ten or twenty of the 120 stamps of the mill were used, and some custom milling was done. Also, surface ores were mined by means of shallow shafts by a number of lessees. Some mining and considerable surface prospecting was done by the Pacific Bridge Company of San Francisco in 1945-46. From 1947 to 1954, Joseph Paltor and several partners produced some gold largely from mill cleanups (U. S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Yearbooks). During this period some ore from the nearby Butcher Shop mine was treated at the mill. In 1955-56 the Royal and the Mountain King mines were leased by the New Jersey Zinc Company which sank several diamond drill holes (see also Mountain King mine in this chapter). These drill holes were as much as 1000 feet deep vertically and were sunk in the hanging wall portion of the deposit. This mine and the adjoining Mountain King gold mine to the northwest are in the Hodson fault zone. This zone contains a series of parallel northwest-striking and north east-dipping gold-quartz veins and adjacent bodies of mineralized greenstone and schist (see figure 9). These bodies of mineralized country rock are immense in size and are similar to the "gray ores" that were mined in Amador County (Knopf, 1929, p. 72). The mineralizec zone is 500 or more feet thick and nearly 4000 feet long (Harry Bush, personal communication, 1958). There are at least five quartz veins which range from a few feet to as much as 20 feet in thickness. The gray ore has been formed by the hydrothermal alteration of greenstone into ankerite-sericite rock containing disseminated free gold and auriferous pyrite. About one half of the recoverec gold was free gold; the remainder was from sulfides (Harry Bush, personal communication, 1958). Ore minec during 1895-1905, the greatest period of activity at the mine, vielded an average of $3.72 per ton (Tucker, 1916, p. 103). The mine is developed by a 1200-foot inclined shaft with levels at 100-foot intervals. Most of the vein and gray ore between the 700- and 1000-foot levels had been stoped by 1905. In the latter 1930s, much of the output was from stopes between the 1000- and 1200-foot levels. A new 125-foot shaft, the Goodenough, was sunk 300 feet southeast of the Royal shaft. Room-and-pillar mining was the chief method employed. From the mine the ore was sent through gyratory crushers at a separate crushing plant and then sent by an electric tramway to the 120-stamp mill. At the time of completion this was one of the largest gold mills in Cali- mil : iuidei Lin ! mill Up Stotts T:, tone fas i OWE fears togi % ire a 15 - «/ ; 1963] Calaveras County 69 **3rcv Photo 22. Surface plant, crushers, and hoisting plant at the Royal gold mine. Re- mains of the 120-stamp mill are at the extreme right. Camera facing south. Photo by Mary Hill. - 1 *jfc- fornia. The free gold was amalgamated, and sulfides were concentrated by flotation and vanning. The hoisting and crushing plant remain on the property, but the stamp mill has been largely dismantled. Both shafts are open. Sanderson mine Location: SW>/ 4 sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due south of Railroad Flat and just east of the Railroad Flat-Mountain Ranch road. Ownership: Amelia Stotts, R.F.D. Box 35, Mokelumne Hill, California. The Sanderson gold mine originally was worked some- time prior to 1869. From that year until about 1875 it was worked extensively, and according to the present owner, the output was large. One 40-ton lot of ore mined in 1869 was reported to have yielded $2000 (Mining and Scientific Press, 10/30/69, p. 278), and another 36-ton lot yielded $1700 in 1872 (Mining and Scientific Press, 10/5/72, p. 212). In 1874, the mine had been developed to a depth of 400 feet. Apparently it lay idle for many years following 1875. In 1933 the mine was reopened by George Buyck and later operated by several lessees in- cluding R. D. M. Davis and Harold Wheaton of Los Angeles and the K. and K. Mining Company of Los Angeles. Operations ceased in 1938, and the mine has been idle since. The quartz vein strikes north to northeast, dips 60° E., and ranges from 8 inches to 3 feet in thickness. The quartz ranges from white to dark gray in color. Sulfides are abundant, and the value of ore shipped in 1933 and 1934 ranged from $70 to $140 per ton (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 287). Country rock is slate and quartz- mica schist of the Calaveras formation. The mine is de- veloped by a 400-foot inclined shaft with levels at 100, 200, 300 and 360 feet. The shaft is open. Most of the production of the 1930s was from high-grade ore on the 360-foot level. Other than a wooden headframe, no equipment remains on the property. Sheep Ranch (Wallace and Ferguson) mine Location: SEtf sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., at the town of Sheep Ranch. Ownership: G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch, California. The Sheep Ranch mine, the most productive gold mine of the Sierran East Gold Belt, is believed to have been first worked in 1868. In that year a quartz vein was reported to have been discovered in the area by a Mr. Childers and son (Mining and Scientific Press, 6/16/77, p. 378). Apparently, however, the claims were located by Ferguson and Smith. By 1871 they had developed the property to a depth of 94 feet, and ore valued at $34 to $44 per ton was being recovered from a vein 8 to 20 inches thick; it was treated in arrastras (Mining and Sci- entific Press, 3/18/71, p. 163). Soon afterward the mine was sold to W. A. Wallace who erected a five-stamp mill. By early 1877, the mine had reached a depth of 200 feet and was credited with a total output valued at $300,000. James Ben AH Haggin and Senator George Hearst gained control of the mine in that year (Mining and Scientific Press, 12/1/77, p. 341). A 20-stamp mill was erected, and the mine was worked on a major scale until 1893. By then it had been developed to a depth of 1400 feet, and its output was valued at $4,000,000 (Mining and Scientific Press, 9/14/95, p. 168). W. H. Clary reopened the mine in 1898, and it was active until 1907. After be- ing shut down, accumulated tailings were treated in a cyanidation plant by the percolation method (Tucker, 1916, p. 105). The mine was reopened in 1917 by the Golden Gate Exploration Company. The shaft was extended to a depth of 1700 feet, and about $360,000 was produced before it was shut down in 1922 (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 288). Later the dump was worked. In 1936 the mine was reopened by the St. Joseph Lead Company of New York. The workings were rehabili- tated, a new 150-ton mill erected. The mine was operated continuously on a major scale until the spring of 1942. Except for minor amounts of gold that have been pro- 70 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Photo 23. Dump of the Sheep Ranch gold mine. Photo by Mary Hill. duced from the dump by F. L. Shevlin of Jackson in 1946 and by the present owner since 1951, the mine has been idle since 1942. The value of the total production of the mine is slightly more than $7,000,000 (G. D. iMartin, personal communication, 1955). The Sheep Ranch quartz vein strikes N. 55° W., dips 70°-75° NE., and ranges from 1 to 3 feet in thickness. The quartz ranges from white to bluish and blackish- gray in color; the presence of dark quartz is very char- acteristic of this mine. Country rock is dark quartz-mica schist of the Calaveras formation. Gabbro and diorite dikes commonly cut the schist and, in some places, the vein. Locally, graphitic schist is common. Native gold is in the vein with minor amounts of pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Much of the gold is coarse, and a considerable amount of high-grade ore was recovered in the past. The main ore shoot which ranked about 45° SE., was mined for a distance of about 2600 feet. The mine is developed by a 2100-foot inclined shaft and a winze sunk from the 2100-foot level to the 3100- foot level. The shaft is in the hanging wall about 70 feet from the vein. There are twenty-two levels, generally at 100-foot intervals. On the 300-foot level an adit extends 2500 feet southeast of the shaft and is known as the Pioche drain tunnel. The following are production figures supplied by the owner for the mine from 1938 to 1942: Year Tons of ore mined Location 1938 48,855 1,000 to 1,950 levels 1939 47,201 1,000 to 2,100 levels 1940 38,014 1,950 to 2,500 levels 1941 38,386 2,300 to 2,900 levels (some from 1,700 level) 1942 5,639* 2,300 to 2,700 levels, mainly 2,500 level (sonic from 3,100 level also). * Mining was stopped in April 1942. The ore was treated in a 150-ton mill which included a primary gyratory crusher, secondary 6- x 6-foot ball mill, Bendelari and Pan-American Jigs, flotation cells, and filter press. Millheads averaged about $12 per ton. All equipment has been removed from the property. Thorpe mine Location: SW!4 sec. 11, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., just west of State Highway 49, 1 mile southeast of Fourth Crossing and 7 miles northwest of Angels Camp. Own- ership: N. L. and G. L. Ponte, San Andreas, California. The Thorpe gold mine was active during the 1860s. In 1871, the mine was developed by a 65-foot shaft, and ore yielding $6 per ton was treated in a five-stamp mill (Mining and Scientific Press, 3/18/71, p. 36). Operations continued fairly steadily until sometime around 1880. In 1891, some work was done on the property by the Utica Mining Company. In 1894, the mine was obtained by the Thorpe Mining Company which extended the shaft to a depth of more than 600 feet. The mine was purchased by the California Exploration Company in 1898. This concern erected a 30-stamp mill, but quit working the following year. Some work was done on the property again during the period of 1915 and 1916. From 1927 to 1930, the Kirby Development Company rehabilitated the shaft, and did some prospecting and de- velopment work. However, only small amounts of ore were mined. The value of the total output of the mine is unknown. The deposit consists of a zone of parallel quartz veins and stringers in amphibolite and chlorite schist. The veins contain pyrite, calcite, and some ankerite. Small amounts of talc and sericite schist are adjacent to the quartz. Phyl- lite and slate lie just to the west. It was reported that the ore was mostly where the margins of the main fissures were cut by zones of oblique minor Assuring (Logan, 1963 Calaveras County 71 I 1935, p. 143). The vein zone strikes northwestward, dips to the northeast, and in places is as much as 50 feet thick. The main shaft, which is flooded, is about 700 feet deep I on the incline, with levels at each 100 feet. Considerable ,stoping was done on the 300-, 400-, and 500-foot levels. Only one building remains on the property, all other equipment having been removed. The 30-stamp mill was equipped with Union concentrators. Triple Lode (Blair, El Dorado) mine Location: S/ 2 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due west of Angels Camp. Ownership: J. B. De- maria and Margaret Gianera, 214 Columbus Avenue, San Francisco, California. This gold mine is a consolidation of the Blair and El Dorado claims. It is located on the same Mother Lode vein system just west of Angels Camp that contains the Wagon Rut, Gold Hill, and Parnell mines to the north- west (see fig. 12). The property was worked by ground sluicing in the 1880s (Logan, 1935, p. 148), and begin- ning in 1892 it was worked by underground methods on a major scale. Operations continued until around 1898 when the mine had reached a depth of 450 feet. After lving idle for some years, the mine was reopened in 1920 by the Triple Lode Gold Mines, Inc. which sank a new 560-foot shaft northwest of the old one. Operations ceased in 1924, and except for the recent removal of dump material for road work, the mine has been idle since. The vein ranges from 12 to 20 feet in thickness and consists of quartz and mineralized amphibolite schist con- taining abundant fine to coarse pyrite and small amounts of arsenopyrite. Appreciable amounts of calcite and an- kerite are present.' The vein strikes N. 45° W. and dips 55° NE. Several veins lie to the northeast, including one known as the East vein 300 feet northeast of the main vein. The mine is developed by two shafts, the old 450- foot main shaft, now caved, with levels at 150, 200, and 400 feet; and the new 560-foot shaft 200 feet to the northwest, which is open, with levels at 150, 250, and 500 feet. There are several thousand feet of drifts and crosscuts including several that extend to the East vein. The ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill that has been removed from the property. Tulloch mine Location: SW!4 sec. 11 and NW'/ 4 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on the Mother Lode 2 miles southeast of Angels Camp. Ownership: Utica Mines, Inc., et al., 220 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. The Tulloch gold mine was worked originally prior to 1890. From 1893 to around 1900 a considerable amount of development work was done on the property. A 10- stamp mill was erected, and in 1900 the shaft was 250 feet deep (Storms, 1900, p. 121). The mine was active from 1909 to 1917, when the Tulloch Mining Company ex- tended the shaft to a depth of 800 feet. Some work was done on the property again from about 1922 to 1929 (Logan, 1935, p. 149). In 1935 and 1936, some production was made by C. C. McCarty of Copperopolis ant Utica Mining Company (U. S. Bureau of Mines records), but the mine has been idle since. The vein, which is several feet thick, strikes N. 45°-50 W., and dips 45° NE. The hanging wall is fine-grained chlorite-sericite schist and the footwall is slate and phyl- lite. Sulfides are abundant, and the ore was reported to have contained more galena than is usual for the Mother Lode (Tucker, 1915, p. 110). There were some high- grade pockets. The 800-foot inclined shaft is open, but all equipment has been removed from the property. Union-Rathgeb (Cordova) mines Location: Sees. 33 and 34, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 miles southeast of San Andreas and just west of State Highway 49. Ownership: John Guttinger, San Andreas, California. These two gold mines are on the Mother Lode gold belt approximately 3 miles southeast of San Andreas. Be- cause of various consolidations and the fact that some of the older descriptions of the Rathgeb mine are actually of the Union mine (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 283), they are described under one heading. The Union mine also has been known as the Union-Cordova mine. The Rathgeb mine, which is about half a mile north- east of the Union mine, was active from the early 1850s until the 1870s. During these years the ore was treated in a 10-stamp mill. The Union mine was first worked by the Rathgeb brothers in the late 1860s (Logan and Franke, 1926, p. 292). Later it was sold to the Union Gold Company, Ltd., which erected a 30-stamp mill. Both mines were operated by this concern during the 1880s and early 1890s. In 1887 a rich gold pocket was discovered on the 120-foot level south of the shaft in the Union mine, which yielded more than $23,000. In the quartz and associated with the gold were black acicu- lar crystals of uraninite with yellow uranium oxide (Lo- gan, 1935, p. 147). &**T Photo 24. Union gold mine on the Mother Lode belt 3 miles southeast of San Andreas. A rich pocket of gold ore containing uranium was found in this mine in 1887. California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Both mines were idle for many years following the 1890s. In 1933 the Union mine was partially rehabilitated by California Mother Lode Gold Mines, inc., but there was no recorded production (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 292). In 1954, the Uravan Uranium and Oil Company of Salt Lake City, Utah, leased both properties to explore for uranium. The Union shaft was cleaned out to a depth of about 150 feet. No uranium was found, but minor amounts of gold were produced. This work ceased in 1956, and the mines have been idle since. The value of the total output of the properties is unknown. It has been reported that the Rathgebs recovered $175,000 from above the 120-foot level of the Union mine (Knopf, 1929, p. 71). The Union quartz vein has a strike of N. 30° W. and dips 70° NE. It contains appreciable fine-grained pyrite both in the quartz and in the adjacent wall rock which is amphibolite schist. The mine is developed by a 455- foot inclined shaft with levels at 120, 160, 220, 350, and 430 feet. There are three other shallow shafts. The main shaft is open to a depth of 150 feet. A steel headframe and hoist remain on the property. The main Rathgeb vein half a mile to the northeast strikes nearly due north and dips 70° E. It ranges from 1 foot to 6 feet in thickness. The hanging wall is slate, and the footwall is amphibolite schist. It is developed by an open 220-foot shaft with levels at 120 and 200 feet. Utica mine Location: Sees. 33 and 34, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Angels Camp. Ownership: Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California. One of the best-known gold producers of the Mother Lode belt, the Utica mine is a consolidation of the Brown, Confidence, Dead Horse, Jackson, Little Nuggett, Rasp- berry, Stickle, Utica, and Washington claims. The sur- face of the Utica claim was mined during the early part of the gold rush, and the ore was treated in arrastres. The Stickle claim was active during the 1860s. In 1871 it had been developed to a depth of 240 feet and was equipped with a 10-stamp mill (Mining and Scientific Press, 3/18/71, p. 163). The Confidence claim was active in the 1880s, and its ore was treated in a five-stamp mill. Later C. D. Lane gained control of the Utica claim. Hobart and Hayward, who controlled numerous mines in the area, were brought in as partners during the 1880s, and shortly afterward the Utica Mining Company was organized. The other claims that now constitute the property were gr, illy acquired, and the mine was de- veloped on a major scale. During the 1890s the Utica u as one of the most productive gold mines in the nation -the output from Jam iry 1893 to September 1895 was $4,154,026 (Logan, 193 p. 150). More than 500 men were on the payroll. Ope ations continued until late in 1915 when the mine wa: down. Except for mill cleanups and small amoun >ld recovered from the dump in the 1930s, the mir en idle since. It is credited with a total products d at nearly $17,- 000,000 at the old price of < Jowen and Crippen, 1948, p. 55). The ore bodies consisted of lenticular quartz-calcite veins separated by various thicknesses of fissured amphib- olite, chloride, and talcose schist. Both the quartz and nearby country rock contained free gold and auriferous pyrite. In the south portion of the mine the country rock is more highly sheared than in the north, and the ore bodies were complex networks of stringers and min- eralized country rock. The grade of ore mined varied greatly, but the mill heads averaged $3.60 per ton or less at the old price of gold (Logan, 1935, p. 151). Occasion- ally small high-grade pockets were encountered. The vein system strikes northwestward and dips about 70° NE. Stoping widths ranged from 10 to 100 feet, and mining costs were low. Square-set stopes with waste filling and open stopes with pillars were employed. The following geological information on the Utica mine is from the U. S. Geological Survey Another Lode folio (Ransome, 1900, p. 9): "The lode upon which are located the Utica, Stickle, Lightner, and Bovee mines has proved exceedingly productive. Considerable calcite ("spar") occurs in the stringers composing the ore bodies. The richest ore is said to be the so-called "brown quartz" which is a fine granular aggregate of quartz, dolomite, and sometimes albite, thickly speckled with small crystals of pyrite. This "brown quartz" does not always form well-defined veins or stringers, but is very intimately associated with the country rock, and is in part an altered form of the latter. The other vein min- erals are free gold, sericite, and a little chalcopyrite. Gold is not visible in most of the ore, but occurs in con- siderable masses in certain rich streaks. "The ore body of the Utica mine is in the form of a stringer lead, consisting usually of numerous lenticular stringers lying nearly in the planes of schistosity of the amphibolite-schist, and separated by varying thickness of fissured and veined country rock. The stringers are largely quartz, but carbonates are also abundant, espe- cially in the smaller fissures. The wall rock near the stringers is impregnated with pyrite, but the gold is said to occur chiefly within the quartz of the veins. The stringers dip easterly, as a rule, but are nearly vertical. Some rich specimens were seen in which the gold was embedded in a gangue of calcite. Pyrite was the only sulphide noted in the ore. Unfortunately, the attitude of those having the mine in charge was such that no satisfactorv scientific examination of it could be made in 1897. "The Stickles mine (now part of the Utica mine) ad- joins the Utica on the south and is under the same man- agement. As in that mine the country rock is amphibo- lite-schist, but it is in general more sheared and fissile than in the Utica. The ore body is a complex network of small stringers inclosing more or less impregnated country rock. True walls are lacking, and stringers occur in the country rock many feet away from the auriferous lead. The greater number of stringers follow approxi- mately the planes of schistosity, but others traverse the schist in all directions. The ore body is separated into two longitudinal portions, or leads, by a horse of barren »'! 1963] Calaveras County 73 North Star shaft / EXPLANATION <<■ Vein at t he surface B Shoft rz Heod of winze htner hafts / / Foot of winze Figure 10. Map of portions of the workings of the Gold Cliff, Madison, and Utica gold mines. schist (and stringers) 30 to 50 feet in width. The west- erly lead is the more important, being from 60 to 90 feet wide, while the eastern lead is only 20 or 30 feet. The leads and the horse, however, are very irregular. "The filling of the fissures is sometimes quartz, some- times carbonates, and sometimes a mixture of both. Pyrite and a little chalcopyrite were the only sulphides noted, the former being usually finely disseminated in small crystals through the vein material, and particularly through the impregnated schist between the stringers. The richest ore is said to be in the so-called "brown quartz" already described. "At the 1000-foot level, the lowest worked in 1897, a mass of talc-schist was encountered near the shaft. This is apparently merely a portion of the amphibolite-schist series". The mine is developed by the 1470-foot vertical Cross shaft, the 1000-foot vertical Stickle shaft some 650 feet to the northwest, and the north and south Utica shafts (see fig. 10). The Cross and Stickle shafts were the main working entries. Approximately 900 feet northwest of the Cross shaft on the 1400-foot level a vertical winze was sunk to the 2850-foot level. On this level a crosscut extends 300 feet to the northeast where an inclined winze extends to the 3050-foot level. This is the deepest por- tion of the mine, and the last work was done here. From the 1500-foot level in the winze a southwest crosscut is connected with the 1400-foot level of the Gold Cliff mine. There are more than 100 miles of underground workings (Tucker, 1916, p. Ill), but only a portion of some of the levels is shown in figure 10. During the 1890s the ore was treated in a 120-stamp mill. In the later oper- ations the ore was treated in a 300-ton mill equipped with 60 stamps and 36 Frue vanners. Both water power and water-generated electric power supplied by a com- pany-owned water system were used. All equipment has been removed from the property. California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Wash. rii. -cNair) mine Locatio. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 4 miles south of Murphys on ridge north of Indian Creek. Own- ership: Mary jane Osseiin, Sheep Ranch, California. This was one of the more productive gold mines in the Murphys district. At one time this area was known as the Washington mining district and it contained the nearby Mar John, Western, Fenian, and Caruthers mines. The Washington mine was active prior to and during the late 1860s. In 1872 it was reported to be 150 feet deep, and ore containing $14 per ton in gold was being mined and treated in an arrastre (Mining and Scientific Press, 4/27/72, p. 260). Operations continued almost steadily until the early 1890s when the mine was shut down. In 1909-10, the mine was dewatered by John Campbell (Mining and Scientific Press, 1/5/10, p. 141), but appar- ently there was little production. The Bullion Hill Min- ing Company leased the property in 1921 and erected a five-stamp mill that later was increased to 10 stamps. In 1922, approximately $5000 per month was being pro- duced, but litigation caused this operation to cease in 1923 (Logan, 1925, p. 161). In 1924-25, some work was done on the property by the Washington Gold Mining Company, Jack Hubbard, president. Later, in the early 1930s, the property was explored by Dr. J. M. Carr of Stockton (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 294), but it has been idle since. The surface plant was subsequently de- stroyed by fire. The mine has a total output of about $600,000 worth of gold at the old price (Henry Peterson, personal communication, 1958). The strike of the main quartz vein ranges from N. 70° E. to due west; the dip is steep to the south. The vein ranges from 3 to 6 feet in thickness and is white to gray in color. The ore contained free gold and extremely abundant sulfides, chiefly pyrite and galena. In some places the ore contained as much as 10 percent sulfides (Logan, 1925, p. 160). The principal production came from two en echelon lensoid ore shoots that were stoped from the adit level nearly to the surface. Country rock is mica and quartz-mica schist. Associated with the vein is a fine-grained diorite dike. The mine is developed by a 1,280-foot adit known as the 200-foot level which begins as a crosscut to the north and then drifts along the vein for much of its length; a 500-foot inclined shaft, which is connected with the adit; and a 400-foot inclined winze with crosscuts. The 10-stamp mill was equipped with Frue vanners and two Wilfley tables. Little equipment remains on the property, but the workings are partially accessible. Whittle mine Location: E'/ 2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due west of the town of Carson Hill, by the Car- son Creek road. Ownership: Henry Whittle et al., Angels Camp, California. This gold mine is near the margin of the Mother Lode belt. It was extensively < d from around 1889 to about 1895. In the Fall of ] the mine had been developed to an inclined depth ol eet, and the ore was being treated in a Huntington mill (Mining and Sci- entific Press, 8/3/89, p. 93). Some work was done again sometime between 1910 and 1918, and the surface prob- ably was prospected during the 1930s. The quartz vein, which is 3 feet or more thick, has a strike of N. 35° W. and dips 70° NE. Country rock is phyllite with small amounts of green schist. Pyrite and calcite are abundant, both in the vein and the adjacent wall rock. Ore mined in 1889 yielded $10 to $12 per ton in gold. Considerable high-grade ore was reported to have been found near the surface when the mine was first opened. The mine is developed by two open inclined shafts 150 feet apart and several open cuts. Other than an old two-stamp mill, no equipment remains on the property. Wilbur Womble mine Location: W'/ 2 sec. 29, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., at the town of Hodson 3 miles northwest of Copperopolis. Ownership: Joseph Bertatta et al., Douglas Flat, Cali- fornia. This West Belt gold mine was active prior to and dur- ing 1896 when a 17-foot vein was encountered on the property (Mining and Scientific Press, 11/21/96, p. 426). A 15-stamp mill was erected in 1902, but little is known of subsequent operations. In 1914 the mine was in the process of being reopened by the Hodson Mining Com- pany (Tucker, 1916, p. 113). Sometime prior to 1925 the Gold Knoll Mining Company was organized to work this and other nearby properties (Logan, 1925, p. 153). A new shaft was sunk and some development work done. In the latter 1930s, the mine was worked by Alfred Mey- ers of San Francisco (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 261), but it has been idle since. Native gold and auriferous pyrite are found in a mass of quartz stringers which cut Mariposa slate and schist. The ore zone, which ranges from 50 to 100 feet in thick- ness, strikes N. 40° W. and dips 35° NE. Altered basic dikes accompany the quartz on both walls. Approxi- mately 150 feet east of the ore zone is a narrow belt of serpentine which trends about N. 40° W. In fault contact with the serpentine on the east are metavolcanic rocks of the Logtown Ridge formation. Surface sampling done in the latter 1930s revealed an auriferous zone 50 to 150 feet wide containing ore valued at $2.50 to $3.50 per ton in gold (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 261). The mine is developed by an inclined 185-foot shaft and a glory hole that is approximately 200 feet long, 50 feet wide, and 100 feet deep. Wolverine mine Location: NE!/ 4 sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just west of Wet Gulch and 2/ 2 miles northwest of Glencoe. Ownership: Ruby Taylor et al., Railroad Flat, California. The Wolverine gold mine was first worked sometime during the 1850s or 1860s. In 1871 it was owned by the Lewis Brothers and was developed by a 140-foot shaft and 300-foot adit (Mining and Scientific Press, 3/25/71, p. 178). Shortly afterward the property was taken over 1963 Calaveras County 75 Photo 25. Surface plant of the Wood- house gold mine. West Point district. Cam- era facing north. Photo by Mary Hill. by the Wolverine Mining and Milling Company, W. H. Taylor, president. The shaft was sunk to a depth of 300 feet, a 10-stamp mill was erected, and ore averaging $20 per ton in gold at the old price was mined. During this time the mine output was as much as $5000 per month (Mining and Scientific Press, 6/14/73, p. 373). Little is known of subsequent operations at the time, but it was reported to have been a producer of rich ore during the 1890s (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 294). The mine was prospected about 1918 (Jeffrey Schweitzer, personal communication, 1956), but there was no pro- duction. In 1925, some high-grade ore was produced (Ruby Taylor, personal communication, 1957). The mine was prospected again about 1932, and good ore was re- ported to have been found at the bottom level (Logan and Franke, 1936, p. 294). It apparently has been idle since. The vein, which ranges from 1 to 5 feet in thickness, strikes N. 6° E. and dips steeply to the northwest. Coun- try rock is mica- and quartz-mica schist which has a north-northwest strike and dips to the east. The mine has been best known for the appreciable quantities of high-grade "jewelry" rock that have been produced (Ruby Taylor, personal communication, 1957). The value of its total output is unknown. The principal working entry was a 400-foot inclined shaft which is still open. There are several west crosscut adits, which are caved, and another shaft about 50 feet south of the main shaft. The ore was treated in several 10-stamp mills, one erected during the 1870s, and another in 1932, but both have been removed, and there is no equipment on the property. Woodhouse mine Location: N ill; ; fa m 1\ m dred] 1901 to ar (don TO vera The the 1 or I, an m iir :he plan :!i Cou pic!. ity ben 10 nati gra\ sluii ittl "si 1963 Calaveras County 77 throughout the county. This device was quickly supple- mented and replaced by the long tom, introduced from Georgia, and the sluice box. Hydraulic mining was de- veloped at Nevada City, and the use of this high-volume, low-cost method of mining soon spread throughout the Mother Lode region. By 1854, Calaveras County had 17 ditch systems, totaling 325 miles in length, to supply water for the hydraulic mines. Drift mining began in the county at San Andreas, in 1855, and increased steadily in importance until around the turn of the century. Hydraulic mining remained the dominant method of gold recovery until shortly after 1884. This was the year that Judge Sawyer of the United States Circuit Court handed down a decree restraining the North Bloomfield Mining Company from discharging debris into the South Fork of the Yuba River. Hydraulic mines were steadily closed by injuctions based on this decision until, in 1893, the federal Caminetti Act created the California Debris Commission and forbade hydraulic mining that would injure navigability or lands in territory drained by the Sacramento and San Joaquin river systems. Some hy- draulic mines in Calaveras County continued operating for a few years after this law was passed, but gradually their debris dams were filled, and by 1905 this form of mining had virtually ceased. The first successful dredging operation in California was started in 1898 at Oroville by an open-link bucket dredge. Connected-bucket dredges were introduced in 1901. By the end of the next decade, dredging had spread to and was firmly established in Calaveras County. Oper- ations centered around the Camanche and Jenny Lind areas. Dragline dredging came into prominence in Cala- veras County and the State as a whole in the early 1930s. The value of gold recovered by this method reached its peak in 1941. Although it never threatened to displace bucket-line dredging as a source of income, it did allow the working of many small properties that were not rich or large enough to warrant the capital investment of a bucket-line dredge. The U. S. Bureau of Mines reports that, in Calaveras County during 1941, there were eleven dragline dredges, one connected-bucket dredge, one drift mine, and eight miscellaneous placer operations that in- cluded the use of power shovels, bulldozers, and station- ary washing plants. War Production Board Order L-208, issued in October 1942, curtailed placer mining activity during 1943-45. The period 1946-54 in this county saw the use of seventeen dredges, one stationary washing plant, one suction dredge, and five drift mines. Mining methods. Early placer mining in Calaveras County involved the use of simple hand equipment: a pick, shovel, and gold pan or batea. However, the capac- ity of a gold pan in the hands of a skilled operator is between only one-half and one cubic yard of gravel in 10 hours. The rocker and long tom, therefore, were natural steps in the effort to increase the amount of gravel a man could wash in a day. Next to be used was sluicing, a method in which gravel is washed by passing it through a long, three-sided, wooden trough called a "sluice." Sluices are built with a slight gradient, and contain riffles along the bottom behind which particles of gold are trapped. In ground sluicing, gravel is excavated and carried through sluices by water that is not under pres- sure. Mining is done by allowing a stream of water to fall over a bank, washing material into the sluice, or by periodically releasing water from a storage reservoir sit- uated upstream from the gravel. Monitors may be used to supplement the action of ground-sluice water, but if they perform most of the work, the method becomes hy- draulic mining. In hydraulic mining, a jet of water under high natural pressure is directed through a nozzle called a "monitor" against a bank of gravel in order to disintegrate it and wash it through sluices. Almost all types of exposed placer deposits can be worked by hydraulicking if suffi- cient water is available, but the capacity of the operation becomes limited if the gravel is cemented or clayey, if the bedrock is flat, or if disposal of tailings and water by gravity is very difficult. Hydraulicking is a low-cost method of mining: it yields a larger production per man than any other method except dredging, and requires a smaller initial investment than dredging. Considerable de- velopment work often is necessary in preparing a deposit for hydraulicking: water reservoirs, several miles of flumes, hundreds of feet of iron pipe, one or more mon- itors, heavy sluice boxes, and a tailing dam were stand- ard equipment in most Sierran hydraulic mines. A deposit of gravel usually is opened at its lower end, to facilitate movement of gravel and water by gravity. After the deposit is opened, the gravel bank is undercut by the monitor, allowing the overlying material to cave into the pit. As the cutting and sweeping capacity of a monitor generally exceeds the carrying capacity of the water used, extra water is provided by a flowing stream, called "by-wash," which is directed through the pit and into the sluices. Large boulders are either disintegrated by blasting, removed by a derrick, stacked on the pit floor by hand, or swept through the sluices. It was com- mon practice to use more than one monitor in a pit. Usually one or more high-pressure monitors were used to cut the bank r while a lower-pressure monitor was used simultaneously to sweep gravel toward the sluices. Deposits of gold-bearing Tertiary stream gravel in the Sierra Nevada, capped by volcanic rock or other barren overburden, have been exploited by means of drift min- ing. A body of such buried gravel may be opened by a shaft or an adit. Drifts usually are run on bedrock up- stream from the adit portal or the shaft station so that water readily drains from the mine. Common practice is to prospect the buried channel by a drift along the lowest part of its trough; crosscuts are run to either rim, and raises occasionally are put up to explore for gold-bearing strata above bedrock. The actual plan of mining depends chiefly upon the width of gravel to be mined and the configuration of the bedrock. In a narrow channel, the drift and faces may be simul- taneously advanced across the full width of the pay streak. In a wide channel, one or two parallel drifts may 78 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Photo 26. Tailings pile containing abundant quartz pebbles at Del Oro hy- draulic pit near Mokelumne Hill. Photo by Mary Hill. Photo 27. Close-up of tailings in Del Oro hydraulic pit. Photo by Mary Hill. 1963] Calaveras County 79 Photo 28. Heodframe and washing plant at the Spring Valley drift mine. Val- ley Springs district. Camera facing east. Photo by Mary Hill. be run to the limit of the deposit, and then small blocks of gravel are mined, retreating toward the shaft. A modi- fied room-and-pillar method sometimes is used, but more commonly the roof is supported by widely spaced stulls. If the gravel is loose, extensive timbering may be neces- sary. In mining, "breasts" or long faces of gravel are either picked by hand or drilled and blasted, then shov- eled into ore cars and trammed to the portal or shaft station. This type of mining is called "breasting." Most Sierran Tertiary gravels are partially or wholly cemented, and it is necessary to distintegrate the gravel before washing it to recover the gold. This commonly was done by stamp mills before the early 1900s, but since then it has been accomplished at most mines by passing the gravel through a scrubber-trommel. A trommel con- sists of a slightly horizontally inclined revolving steel cylinder on the inside of which iron rails or other lifting devices have been attached. The gravel is introduced through the elevated end of the cylinder and is lifted and dropped several times before it passes onto the screen or punched-plate section of the cylinder at the lower end. Broken gravel that has passed the trommel is washed in combinations of sluices, screens, jigs, and tables. If the gravel is tightly cemented, it may be re-cycled through a crusher-and-screen unit before washing. Extensive flat-lying, shallow, river-bar and alluvial- plain gravel deposits in which relatively small amounts of gold are evenly distributed are especially suited to dredging. Enough water must be available to float the dredge and wash the gravel; the dredged ground must be tight enough to hold water in the dredge pond; and the bedrock should be relatively smooth and decomposed. Other conditions favorable for dredging are the absence of overburden, cemented gravel, clay beds, large boul- ders, and living or buried timber. A temperate climate, allowing year-around activity, and availability of power and transportation facilities also are important. Connected-bucket dredges were used almost exclu- sively until the early 1930s, when dragline dredges were introduced. A connected-bucket dredge can dig up to three times as deep as a dragline and is able to handle harder bedrock and tighter gravel. On the other hand, a dragline dredge requires less capital, is more flexible in its operation, is easy to move after a deposit has been worked, and requires only a relatively small pond to float the washing plant. The most common type of connected-bucket dredge used in California has a washing plant consisting of a trommel, sluices, tables and/or jigs, and a stacker to dis- pose of oversize from the trommel. Digging is accom- plished by a bucket ladder mounted in the bow of the dredge, which is swung slowly from side to side by winches and cables mounted near the stern and con- nected to deadmen on shore. An overhead winch above the ladder enables it to be raised and lowered as condi- tions require. Because the bucket ladder is in the bow and the tailing stacker in the stern, the dredge continu- ally moves forward, carrying its pond with it. Sand is discharged into the pond through sluices, but does not impair the motion of the dredge. Dragline dredges consist of a dragline on the shore that excavates gravel and dumps it into a washing plant that floats on a small dredge pond. The dragline retreats as it cuts away the bank on which it stands, and the wash- 80 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 ~**fc Photo 29. Bucket-line dredge of the Isabel Gold Dredging Company at Jenny Lind, in 1919. This dredge was equipped with 6V2-cubic-foot buckets and two stackers. ing plant floats forward to stay within range of the drag- line. The washing plant has a flowsheet similar to that employed on a connected-bucket dredge. Other related methods of working placer deposits in- clude suction dredges and stationary washing plants sup- plied by power shovels and trucks. Suction dredges have been used in California, but never successfully. Principal disadvantages are their low capacity and the ease with which feed lines become obstructed by clay, boulders, or sunken wood. Power shovels, trucks, and stationary or movable washing plants may be used if there is insuffi- cient water for hydraulicking, if the deposit is too small to warrant the investment necessary for a hydraulic mine or dredge, or if the topography and condition of the bedrock do not permit other types of mining. A movable washing plant eliminates trucking charges and permits easy disposal of tailings. A stationary plant is structurally more sound and better designed than a movable plant, and in addition, feed to the gold-recovery equipment does not fluctuate when the shovel moves or stops, be- cause the stationary plant has a larger feed storage bin. Geology. Gold-bearing placer deposits that are eco- nomically important in Calaveras County are of three types: residual soil and weathered rock, Quaternary stream gravels and transported soils, and Tertiary stream and shoreline gravels. Auriferous residual ..oil and weathered rock were com- monly first worked by small-scale placer mining meth- ods, and sometimes by hydraulicking. Such deposits were shallow, however, and soon depleted. If the bedrock from which they were derived was sufficiently rich, lode- mining was started. Many lode mines in Calaveras County began in this manner. Quaternary streams an oils in meadows and "flats" were another easily access source of gold in the early days of the Gold Rush. Rn 1 Flat and Murphys Flat are Quaternary deposits vere worked by hand- methods and ground sluicii the 1850s and 1860s. Gravels in Recent streams wti lined on a small scale at Carson Creek, Middle Bar, and Dogtown, and on a larger scale later at Jenny Lind and Camanche. Because of the diminishing yield from Quaternary sur- face placers since the early 1900s, Tertiary channels and shoreline gravels have assumed relatively greater impor- tance in the economy of gold mining in the county. The Tertiary channels of Calaveras and other Sierran counties emptied into the lone Sea, the shoreline of which has not been located precisely, although gravels along a north- west-trending belt between Wallace and Jenny Lind probably represent delta deposits of the Tertiary rivers. The Tertiary Calaveras channel traces its origin to Cretaceous time, when the drainage was controlled by a series of subdued, parallel, north-northwest-trending ridges, breached in a few places to allow the streams to reach a shallow sea lying to the west. This system per- sisted into the early Tertiary, and was thus inherited by the Eocene streams. The subtropical climate and relative stability of orogenic forces during the early Eocene per- mitted deep weathering and decomposition of the rocks. Thus, when the Tertiary Sierran uplift began, the re- juvenated streams became loaded with fine quartz sand and pebbles which originated from the erosion of lenses and beds of chert and veins of gold-bearing quartz, to- gether with clay derived from decomposed feldspar in the deeply weathered rocks. Finer particles in the stream load were washed into the sea, and today are found in the lone formation as large deposits of clay interbedded with quartz sand. Explosive volcanic activity beginning at least as far back as Oligocene time resulted in rhyolitic ash-falls over much of the northern Sierra Nevada. Rivers were dammed, forming numerous small lakes in which streams deposited weathered and altered ash which now is seen as layered "pipe-clay" overlying auriferous stream gravel. Newly developed rivers flowed over a pervasive volcanic cover, and were repeatedly interrupted by ejections of I rhyolitic and, in Mio-Pliocene time, andesitic lava and mudflows. Because of this, the buried Tertiary channel I systems are quite complex, generally consisting of a series of individual channels that are superimposed on and cross- cut one another. The age of any such series of channels may range from late Cretaceous (?) to Pliocene. Pros- pecting for and mining buried placer gold deposits in this environment must be done with care, as not all the channels are gold-bearing. Fragments of rhyolite and andesite were caught up in new and old streams, and were carried toward the ocean along with fragments of quartz, granite, and metamorphic rock. Consequently these stream-channel deposits can be classified on the basis of their constituent rock particles as prevolcanic, intervolcanic, and postvolcanic; they can he further classified with respect to the periods of rhyo- litic and andesitic volcanism, which were distinct from each other and were probably separated by a period of quiescence. This widespread volcanic activity did not cease until late Pliocene or early Pleistocene time. The latite of Table Mountain, the source of which probably was in Tuolumne County, is the most recent product of 1963 + Calaveras County 81 Channels after Storms Channels after Lindgren Chonnels after Julihn and Horton Channels after Clark and Eric.et al I 1/2 I + Figure 11. Map showing Tertiary channels in Calaveras County. 32 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 c a W "3 cj t«r3 g^£ 0J\ Is >>co cs oj 2 * « be G G s3 .3 O 3 G C G G al si -3 st o Ph 3 O Km 03 3 G G 03 h3 § § s be a m 3 3 •>- CJ -o OS *S G '-' 3 ft o3 3 -3-° G3.G"3 g £ =3 73 G OJ t* *-< G— M a 0JT3 ^ o J 73 ■*=> >> , JO S> g.SP C) °-G CJ >>G-£ . S»igc -2 S §-5 2 £"33 H H Ph SOS o5 T« S £°£ o3 ►*> cj co 13 CD<4H •jh ■*> o ' ci — <£ a* & G of a> S S"G * £ Go o3 . 333 °s be OJ -S S -3 4) o> o PQco oj a oj 3 Q.P, P9 S3 i-3 PQ 3 C 3 O U a> > 0) c c D -c u O) c "C o d) O O) oj -c u o u. D -C O CM -2 D be < tt 03 "3 i G ^ ft 0j HJ c G CO t-H .— « bi. C T3 G C5 -1 G ■^ (J C >, > -C 00 oj O «-, Ph Ph Ph G 03 u "3 CJ 3 -a o In Ph £"3 io .2 4> G3 S3 £ .2 • — CJ "\ 03 r- HfT ■< CJ 03 +J w •5'3-G a -i t- a- « 3 Jm c T3 S3 cj o CJT5-G a 3 O ^i S3 ra cj S 3 03 o >»£ s w C > ^3 oj.2 1 ^ o G 03 -G 2 a be o 3 c .9-9 Oj — 3 o3 . > ft£ c ^3 >< o.2 -5 M+3 w S3 a .S g o 03 s3 *j •S -3 Boo O -r>. cj j! ¥So3G 2 bo G o > £ .gpq^ MO G .•= Sft°^^ g O <" S3 ^ cj aJU fci,+= "S "3 -2 j? II <^ *,.£ b ^'Gjo G T3 S3 k^ cj ^5 Oj n 3 C> o ™ ft 3 q 3 gg- O I O G^-S H -C CJ 03 CJ > 2-G n ft o m o G G s3^J "3.2 MJG G -^ S3 ■ -°£ 3 J.£ffl o" pop "eu ftS C £ e3 0) 03 .5 03 § Xi-1Ph S 3 CO OJ O K > cj C oj ao u •** CJ ft c 2 o 2 £ a S cj a 03 ! n be •- 1 >h ,. . 3 3,^3 o Ee^o^G c .„ >>« s3 2-G . (i sS § oXit- -o-¥ a -G & m G^ o « .3 ^-S cj c o o_^ O.JO tj o fa Oj o OJ CJ *» u -»->»Q GT3 G oj cji— i oj 6-° . > CJ 5-C£ t-. OJ ^H S3 +J _ 3 G"2 rss 2 oj t^ .5 o 03 s. _T C -^ G 3 Es-S o S — — a 3 £ "S f 3 o ■ ."3 >i s3 S3 O S3 3 cr S3 h-1 g-S £^ . G s3 o Si O f-> %' gjocq-S-S O 3 ftA be >- 2 r< o "3 J § m 'g' •2 s3 co g x 2 S m oo -O -r3 .3 gsind o Ma O CO -G be ft 3 O^ £? -*m S3 OJ C C TH «« G S3 Oj si .3 S3^ CT jo o.S -2 i o J3 o a) ^ CO B O ft o CO o •3 s3 — O Q S3 h-1 T3 G -a G T3 G o3 3 O co G oj °-3. 03 3 G-G:3 J3 1.SS1C 3 W1J.J3 a; 3 ■-h^ 03 Ph -_g.3 3 Q T3 aa a; a .. , Bi O J3 o m a; CO o !- c 03 cu a. — s rt 3 a J3 o c d aj -G 3 '-3© _o3 O h ° o bfl bO 3 G -O a 03 o3 2 o a -H> 0J-— v ^ G O P%3 T3 c and (Jul tic "3 03 '2 03 O o3 g~ •- o „>> J,-G "3 03 '3 03 o '3 03 t-rhyolitic ndesitic iter-andesi Lindgren). > o > o "o > o > *H O "o > o> -of - > CO H^S +-> CO §3 s °1 03 oj 03 S > hi o3 3 ti G O 03 3^ 03 -g a u S tao M_5 GO rj CO 7* CO 03 Q o ... 73 CO ■34J o -a '2 S +3 > 03 rrl _, a c H •*- G O 12 «^G *^ a; co u ^ o > a a JZ 13 o.15 2 be o 3 •S -2 "2| ■e * s 3, -h> CT G HH 03 .d -^ — G £ t - g 4- O M G -O G .SG HH 03 | O JS a o O bD T3 s G O O o 2 03 o is +J 0) ■•-» i 03 o California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 this activity preserved in Calaveras County. It overlies much of the Cataract channel, which, because of its west- ward trend, probably is younger in age than the Calaveras system of channels. A time of extensive earth movements followed during the Pleistocene, as the Sierran block was once more up- lifted and :itled westward. Within the western foothills, tults displaced some of the buried Tertiary chan- changed their apparent grade. Accelerated im flow resulting from the westward tilting of the Sierran block eventually established a drainage system that cut westward across the general structural trend; some of these new streams cut deep and rugged canyons that are little changed today. Buried Tertiary stream gravel was exposed and partially removed by these new rivers, and gold contained in it was pirated and washed into the newer streams. Many of the very fine particles of gold were swept to the edge, of the Great Valley and de- posited with mixed Quaternary gravel to form the pres- ent dredging grounds. The Tertiary channels of Calaveras County have been discussed in detail by Storms (1894), Lindgren (1911), and Julihn and Horton (1938), and in less detail by oth- ers. A brief summary of the principal characteristics of each of the 18 named channels appears in table 2. W. H. Storms published the only detailed map of the Tertiary channels in Calaveras County that attempted to cover the whole county. Lindgren's maps were confined to the Mokelumne Hill-San Andreas and Dogtown- Murphys areas; Julihn and Horton published a detailed map of the channels betwen Altaville and Vallecito. Lorin Clark (1954) and J. H. Eric et al. (1955) published de- tailed geologic maps of the Calaveritas and Angels Camp quadrangles, in which the disposition of erosion remnants of Tertiary river gravel were accurately noted. None of these authors has been in complete agreement with the others; figure 1 1 is a map of the courses of the various channels as interpreted by each of them. Small-scale maps of the major channels have been published by C. S. Haley (1923), Don Steffa (1932), and Olaf Jenkins (1932). Altaville mine Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 21, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile north of Angels Camp. Ownership: Alta Mining Company, Inc., Altaville, California; George Schmauder Of Altaville, lessee. The Altaville drift mine was first developed during 1939-42, when a 358-foot vertical shaft was sunk, from the bottom of which about 400 feet of drifts were driven. Between 1942 and 1949 the mine was inactive. From 1949 until the spring of 1953, the Alta Mining Company and later the Gold Bar Mining Company op- erated the mine intermittently. In 1950 and 1951, 300 feet of drifts were driven from the old workings, and 1200 feet were driven on an upper level at 341 feet. George Schmauder has leased the' property since early 1953. In April 1956 pumping ceased, and the mine was allowed to fill with water. This mine is on the Central Hill channel, about a mile downstream (northwest) from the Calaveras Central drift mine. The gravel is well cemented and consists of boulders and cobbles of chert, quartz, granitic rock, and schist; it rests on greenstone and schist of the Calaveras formation. The bedrock is about 350 feet below the sur- Photo 30. Headframe of the Altaville drift mine, 2 miles north of Altaville. Cam- era facing east. Photo by Denton W. Carl- son. - 1963 Calaveras County 85 face; the total width of the channel is unknown. Gold is 888 to 900 fine, and ranges in size from flour to flat, pea- sized nuggets. Small amounts of platinum also have been recovered. Atlas Gold Dredging Corporation Location: Sees. 11, 12, 13, and 14, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M., 1 mile southwest of Camanche. Ownership: Company inactive since January 5, 1949. A dragline and floating washing plant worked on 240 acres leased from Calaveras Gold Dredging Company between late 1935 and early 1937. The dragline had a 2 Y 2 -yard bucket; the washing plant consisted of a 33'/ 2 - foot trommel, 700 square feet of sluices, Bendelari jigs, and a 70-foot stacker. An average of 20 feet of lone shoreline gravel covers about half of the property. Sampling was said to have revealed 4 million cubic yards of gravel averaging 15 cents per yard in fine gold, much of which was rusty (Julihn, 1938, p. 88). A small proportion of platinum also was found in the black-sand concentrates. The gravel is tight but infrequently cemented, and contains no large boulders. It rests on a bedrock of gray volcanic tuff. Calaveras Central mine Location: Portions of sees. 21, 22, 2 3, 26, 27, and 28 (480 acres); main working shaft (Reiner) is in SW'/ 4 NE'/ 4 sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., about 1 mile north of Angels Camp. Ownership: Calaveras Central Gold Mining Company, Ltd., c/o Harry Sears, Trustee, Angels Camp, California. The Calaveras Central mine is a consolidation of the Victor, McElroy, Aetna, and Slab Ranch properties, which were acquired by the Calaveras Central Gold Mining Company, Ltd., in the years 1931 to 1933. Each of these properties was prospected and developed before the turn of the century, although only the McElroy was worked intensively from the first (see Victor and Slab Ranch, herein, and McElroy and Aetna, tabulated list). The Victor mine was purchased in 1926 from the Victor Canal and Mineral Co. by the Calaveras Central Mining Corporation, which carried on some early devel- opment work. In 1930, Calaveras Central Gold Mining Co., Ltd., was incorporated in Nevada, and the following year leased a few hundred acres, including the Victor or Reiner mine, from the Calaveras Central Mining Corpo- ration. Other properties were acquired shortly thereafter, until the company controlled mining rights to the Mc- Elroy, Aetna (Peirano), Slab Ranch (Calmo), and E. W. Johnson Ranch properties. The 300-foot Victor (Reiner) shaft was reconditioned for use as the main working shaft, and the 240-foot Aetna shaft was retimbered and connected underground with the main workings to pro- vide ventilation and an emergency exit. Geological features of the Victor, McElroy, Aetna, and Slab Ranch mines are closely related. Gravels include those in at least three pre-volcanic channels, several poorly defined intervolcanic channels, and Recent sur- face gravel. About 500 feet east of the Slab Ranch mine Figure 12. Map of principal channels of the Calaveras Central drift mine. shaft, the bedrock rims of the Tertiary Central Hill river channel are less than 500 feet apart. The channel widens rapidly downstream, however, and within a mile forms a shallow basin about 1 '/ 2 miles wide. The Tertiary river flowed west at the Slab Ranch mine, but on entering the basin it swerved to the northwest, and by so doing cut several distinct channels separated at places by bedrock ridges. Three bedrock channels have been explored (see fig. 12), and a fourth may lie to the northeast. The Aetna is the youngest of the known channels cut by the Tertiary Central Hill River, and at one point the Aetna and the main channel have apparently merged. The Cen- tral Hill channel also cuts the No. 5 channel in two places. The fourth channel to the northeast might repre- sent an older bed of the Tertiary Central Hill River. The Aetna channel, which is thought to have entered the basin from the south through a gap in the rimrock, might not be one of the main channels of the Tertiary river. Its gravels contain a larger proportion of quartz sand and boulders than do the other channels, and its gold is finer-grained and less worn; many pieces with quartz matrices indicate travel over a short distance. In contrast, gold in the Central Hill channel is well worn, is of large size, and generally is identical in character with that from the Vallecito- Western and Golden River mines upstream. The Central Hill channel thus appears 86 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Photo 31. Calaveras Central drift mine. Angels Camp district: headframe, washing plant, and stacking belt. Camera facing southeast. Photo by Denton W. Carfson. ■'*» LuM • .££■', \/->. • to have been formed by the Tertiary Calaveras River (Julihn and Horton, 1938, p. 45). Several intervolcanic channels, of which little is known, overlie the bedrock channels in the basin. The McElroy is the only such channel to have been worked. It enters the basin from the south and is west of the Aetna channel, and may have derived its gold from erosion of auriferous quartz veins in the Angels Camp- Altaville area. No lava flows are found in the basin, but two distinct layers of rhyolite tuff and a later one of andesitic tuff are recognized. Gold generally is found within the lower 5 feet of gravel and the upper 2 feet of bedrock, which is slate and schist of the Calaveras formation. The width of pay gravel ranges from 50 to 70 feet in the No. 5 channel, and from 150 to 250 feet in the Central Hill and Aetna chan- nels. The gravel of the Central Hill channel consists of tightly cemented, well-rounded pebbles, cobbles, and boulders of granite, granodiorite, and quartz. The gold is between 885 and 900 fine because of its silver content, and much of it is larger than 10 mesh in size. Most of the gold is well worn. At places it is mixed with gold of less fineness that possibly was introduced by other chan- nels. In both channels, it is associated with considerable pyrite and a little black sand. Gold in the No. 5 channel is smaller in size than in the other two channels, and its vertical distribution through the gravel is greater. There is little bedrock enrichment,, but layers of sand as much as 30 feet above bedrock are gold-bearing. Starting in June 1931, a crosscut from the station of the main shaft was driven 520 feet northeast, where No. 5 channel was intersected. This channel, which car- ried fine and medium-coarse gold, was explored for 1600 feet upstream, where it is partially cut off by a deeper channel, apparently part of the Central Hill channel. From 1934 to 1936, inclusive, most activity was confined to the Central Hill channel, which was followed down- stream 2700 feet from the main shaft. The Aetna channel cuts through this channel 1500 feet from the shaft. These three channels are the principal ones that have been de- veloped; approximately 30,000 feet of workings have opened more than 4000 feet of channel. Development work continued intermittently until the mine was closed in 1942. Gravel from the old tailings was processed and used for plant-mixed road surfacing in the early 1940s. Rehabilitation of the property began in 1947. Since 1950, a 600-tons-per-day mill, new surface equipment, and a 110-foot steel headframe have been installed, some of the old workings have been reopened, and the main and safety-exit shafts have been retimbered. The total yield of the mines in which the Calaveras Central Gold Mining Co., Ltd., has an interest is re- ported to have been 2000 ounces of gold from 1900 to June 1931, and 20,000 ounces in the 6 years follow- ing. Since 1946, development work has yielded only a small amount of gold. From June 1931 to 1937, about 185,000 tons of material were mined, of which 25 percent was waste bedrock. The average recovery during this time was $4.94 per ton. Moreover, re-treatment of 12,000 tons of fine tailing yielded an additional $1.35 per ton (Julihn and Horton, 1938, pp. 43, 47-48). Most of the underground drifts have a cross-section of 6 by 7 feet, and require little or no timbering. Mining equipment includes lightweight jack-leg drills, muck- ing machines, drag scrapers, 2!/ 2 -ton ore cars, and a compressed-air locomotive. A chisel bit for drilling and 40-percent powder for blasting are used to advance the drifts. The mine makes about 250,000 gallons of water per day. The mill is designed to separate a clean gravel for road-building material as a byproduct of the gold recov- ery. Auriferous gravel is hosted to the surface through the main shaft and tripped into a 250-ton circular ore bin on the headframe. The gravel is fed to a 2-inch 1963; Calaveras County 87 grizzly; the oversize is crushed to minus-one inch and screened to !4 inch. Screen oversize goes to a belt con- veyor and is stacked for future use as clean gravel; the undersize is passed over wooden riffles and sent to a Yuba jig. Minus-2-inch gravel from the grizzly is fed to a 5- by 8-foot inclined scrubber-trommel. Slotted dis- charge openings in the wall allow passage of minus- %- inch material; oversize is sent to the belt conveyor and stacked with gravel from the crusher. Trommel under- size is passed over wooden riffles and the Yuba jig. A concentrating table makes a final cleaning of the sand, which is then stockpiled for future use. As work at the mine since 1950 has been limited to underground rehabilitation and surface improvements, the mill has been operated on only a pilot-plant scale. Coffee Mill (Gleason, Golden Gate) mine Location: SW'/ 4 sec. 26 and NW>/ 4 sec. 35, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., on east slope Golden Gate Hill, 4 miles southwest of Mokelumne Hill. Ownership: Eunice N. Van Winkle and Edmund J. Stocker, 2631 Robbindale, Stockton, California. The Coffee Mill drift mine, on the Kraemer channel, was first active in 1866, when a 400-foot inclined adit was driven. A pay streak 100 feet wide was struck, and by 1868 a 10-stamp mill had been erected. Production of gravel, in which coarse nuggets were found, reached 200 carloads per day, but the mine was closed by excessive water in 1869 and again in 1871. A new inclined adit and main drift were driven 1500 feet during 1880-82. The mine was closed briefly, and in 1884 yet another adit was driven a distance of 800 feet. The property then was idle until 1892, when a 200-foot vertical shaft and a 25-foot east-trending drift tapped 6 feet of blue cemented gravel. A steam hoist was used at this shaft in 1896. The Coffee Mill was shut down .before 1900, and was not actively developed thereafter except for retimbering of a 900-foot tunnel in 1915. Duryea (Shaw) mine Location: NE'/ 4 sec. 13, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., in Chili Gulch, 1 '/ 2 miles south of Mokelumne Hill. Owner- ship: Not determined. This property was first active as the Shaw hydraulic mine from 1866 to 1871. James Duryea worked it from 1872 to 1876, using a monitor with a 3-inch nozzle to wash a bank 160 feet high, which was regularly loosened by blasting. Overburden became increasingly difficult to handle, so a 5-stamp mill was purchased in mid-1876, and drifting was begun. This drift mine remained active until the mill was sold in 1911. It has not been developed since. The Duryea channel courses through this property and trends, southwest. It is 100 feet wide, and contains 30 to 40 feet of rounded quartz gravel and clean sand overlain by 10 to 20 feet of compact quartz sand, rhyolitic flows and tuff, and andesitic tuff and breccia. This mine is said to have yielded $500,000 by hydraulicking. Underground workings include a 2000-foot and a 700- foot adit, a 300-foot crosscut, several shorter adits, and breasts as much as 14 feet high. Golden River mine Location: SW'/ 4 sec. 19, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., three-fourths of a mile northwest of Vallecito. Ownc ship: T. E. and E. K. Stearman, Vallecito, California. The Golden River Mining Company, organized b Roland R. Woolley in 1933, acquired several leases on property in the Vallecito area from the Thomas Bishop Company that year and surrendered them in 1950. This property was subsequently sold in parcels to various new owners. The Golden River drift mine was active from 1933 to 1938, during which time more than 5700 ounces of gold were recovered (Roland Woolley, personal com- munication, 1957). The character of the gravel is the same although the gold is much coarser than in the Val- lecito-Western mine, which is adjacent downstream. Nuggets as much as 2 inches in greatest dimension were common. Gold is in crevices in the bedrock and in partly cemented pay gravel. The pay gravel, which is from 40 to 150 feet wide and from 4 to 10 feet thick, contains many boulders. It rests on a dominantly granitic bedrock and is disrupted by extensive faulting that has caused vertical offsets of bedrock as much as 16 feet in height. To avoid these offsets, an 1800-foot main haulageway was driven in bedrock beneath the channel, and raises were put up to intersect the gravel at various points. The gravel is capped by rhyolite tuff. Development includes a 310-foot vertical shaft, more than 2000 feet of drifts upstream (east), and 1000 feet of drifts downstream. In 1937, a second shaft, 232 feet deep, was sunk 1 mile east of the first shaft. Gravel was washed in a 40-foot scrubber-trommel and 300 feet of sluices. About 90 percent of the gold was recovered in the first 10 feet. From 1935 to 1938, subleases were let on portions of the surface near Vallecito, and dredging operations there recovered an estimated $200,000 above the amount cred- ited to the mine (Roland Woolley, personal communica- tion, 1957). In 1958, several shallow drill holes sunk by Joseph Mancuso Jr., a lessee from Mr. Stearman, revealed a modest amount of medium-coarse to coarse gold in sur- face gravel (Ted Fisher, personal communication, 1958). Green Mountain (Calaveras Crystal, McSorley Crystal) mine Location: S'/ 2 NE!/ 4 , and N'/ 2 SE'/ 4 sec. 24, T. 5 N, R. 11 E., M.D.M., about 2 miles south of Mokelumne Hill, north of and adjacent to the Rough Diamond drift mine. Ownership: R. P. M. Davis, 666 Rudd Street, Vista, California. The Green A4ountain mine was first active around 1874 when it was worked as a drift mine. By 1884 two adits, one 1200 feet long and another to the north 800 feet long, had been driven, although work had been confined to the northern adit since 1877. In 1885 the northern part of the property was worked by two east-trending adits 300 feet apart and each 900 feet long, connected by ven- tilation drifts. Near the east rim of the channel drifts were run 60 to 70 feet north and south. Gravel between drifts was breasted to a height of 6 feet at the farthest point, from which the work was carried toward the 88 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 adits. The cemented auriferous gravel was treated in an eight-stamp mill at the rate of 70 carloads per day. Large quartz crystals and opalized wood were report- edly found prior to 1896, and 12 tons of crystal valued at $18,000 were mined and shipped in 1897-98. Between 1895 and 1900, a different portion of the property was intermittently hydraulicked by two operators, who re- moved a total of about 11,500 yards of gravel. In 1908, the mine failed to yield gold, but $10,000 worth of gem- quality quartz crystal was recovered. The Green Moun- tain mine was idle between 1910 and World War I, but by the end of that war had produced 22 tons of crystals, the largest of which was 6 feet long and weighed 2800 pounds. The next recorded activity was in 1925, when a 700-foot drift was driven on the Green Mountain Ex- tension; a small amount of gold was produced in 1926. In 1934 intermittent exploration for quartz crystals ceased and was not resumed until May 1943, when the property was operated as the Calaveras Crystal mine. By June of that year the exploratory drift was 675 feet long, and 300 pounds of quartz crystal had yielded 90 pounds of saleable material. Quartz production continued through 1944, but none has been reported since. In 1945 a small amount of gold was recovered. The Green Mountain and Rough Diamond properties are on the Tunnel Ridge channel, which flowed south- west at the time its gravel was deposited. This channel is truncated 900 feet north of the mines by a younger chan- nel that contains a thin section of basal gravel capped successively by rhyolitic ash and andesitic cobbles and ash. The Tunnel Ridge channel cuts greenstone and slate of the Calaveras group and is filled entirely by gravel, which here is 1200 feet wide and 285 feet thick. The lower 125 feet of gravel has a matrix of sand and clay and is poorly cemented; the upper portion has a clean sandy matrix and is well cemented. In the lowest 10 feet of gravel, the average size of cobbles is 5 to 6 inches, although boulders as much as 3 feet in diameter are common on the bedrock surface. The gravel itself is in individual beds a few inches to 6 feet thick, and is com- posed chiefly of well-rounded quartzite, vein quartz, and quartz schist, with lesser amounts of altered slate, green- stone, mica schist, and serpentine. In the vicinity of the mines the main channel axis de- scribes an arc; north of the mines it trends west, and to the south it trends south. A small tributary stream joined the main channel from the northwest immediately southwest of the southernmost workings; another small tributary may have joined the channel from the east just north of the Rough Diamond mine. A feature of economic im- portance in the mines is a small cliff located from 125 to 200 feet east of the channel axis. Its height ranges from 5 to 15 feet, and its slope ranges from nearly vertical to 45° W. Only a few quartz crystals have been found east of this cliff, and these were close to the ravine that en- tered the main channel from the east and may have entered the channel through this ravine. No crystals have been found west of the channel axis. The width of the crystal-bearing gravel is 200 feet in the Rough Diamond mine and only 70 feet in the Green Mountain mine. Crystals have been found as much as 20 feet above bed- rock, although they are most abundant in the lower 6 feet of gravel. The majority of crystals recovered have been in gravel rather than sand, but are not confined to any particular layer. The distribution of the crystals, together with their almost complete lack of wear, suggests that their source is a nearby hydrothermal vein that was cut and eroded by Tertiary streams. There is no evidence to indicate whether any part of this vein still exists, or whether it might still contain quartz crystals. The workings of the Green Mountain mine in 1944 consisted of about 1000 feet of southeast- and south- trending drifts and crosscuts. Many hundreds of feet of older workings, of which there is little or no record, have been caved for several decades. Hexter mine Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 13, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., MD.M., 1 mile southwest of Mokelumne Hill. Ownership: John B. Fershtand, 1501 Summit, Fort Worth 3, Texas. The main haulageway of this drift mine was driven S. 30° E. for 1400 feet during 1896 to 1899, but it was worked only intermittently during the following decade. The adit was retimbered in 1912 and reached a length of 3100 feet in 1914. That same year a 200 tons- per-day mill was erected and a 130-foot ventilating shaft was sunk. The adit was 3800 feet long when the mine closed in 1917. Other workings include drifts 500 feet north and 500 feet south along the channel. Pay gravel of the Duryea channel, on which the Hex- ter is located, is 7 feet thick and 125 feet wide. It is slightly cemented and capped by flows of rhyolite and andesite. Soft opals of sub-gem quality have been recov- ered from this mine. In 1914 gravel was treated in a- rotary mill, concentrating table, and 70 feet of sluices. Jupiter (San Domingo, Keefer) mine Location: SE!4 sec. 7, and NW'/ 4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 miles north of Altaville. Owner- ship: "Walter V. and Norma M. Valente, Angels Camp, California. This property, located on the Central Hill channel, was worked with a 100-foot bank as the Keefer hy- draulic mine in 1880 and as the Jupiter mine in 1882. Some drifting was later done here prior to 1896. The mine operated as the Jupiter and later the San Domingo from 1898 to 1902(?), when more than 226,500 cubic yards of gravel were hydraulicked. It was again active as a drift mine in 1903, when an 1100-foot adit was completed. In 1908 approximately 69,000 yards of gravel were hydraulicked. The property remained inactive un- til a 600-foot adit was driven upstream N. 70° E. during 1934-36. The channel here trends almost due west; it is steep- sided and 125 feet wide. Slightly cemented gravel con- taining some boulders rests on a slate bedrock. About 2 feet of bedrock were mined with the gravel during the Calaveras County 89 Photo 32. Melones suction gold dredge on the Stanislaus River opposite the town of Melones. Blocky greenstone is in the foreground. Camera facing south. — Photo 33. Washing plant of the Moun- tain Gold Dredging Company at Double Springs 3 miles east of Valley Springs. The Spring Valley drift mine is in the back- ground. Camera facing north. 90 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 drifting operations of 1934-36. The washing plant at that time consisted of a 4'/ 2 - by 18-foot trommel-screen, a sluice box, and a stacker. Lloyd (Watson Bros.) mine Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 2 and NEK sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 miles northeast of San Andreas, east of Latimer Gulch. Ownership: Lottie C. Jackson, Box 74, San Andreas, California. This drift mine on the Central Hill channel was de- scribed in 1873 as "two-fifths drifted out" through a 44-foot shaft. An 800-foot adit was used to drain the mine. An arrastre treated 12 tons of gravel per day. A 5-stamp mill on the property, which formerly crushed gravel, was used for custom milling. The Lloyd mine was again active in the early 1900s and during 1932-39. The channel contains 8 feet of pay gravel consisting of schist, slate, and quartz. It rests on blue slate and is capped successively by 2 feet of volcanic mud, 20 feet of ash, a sequence of mixed ash and gravel, and 50 feet of sand and gravel. A younger cross-channel north of the inclined shaft trends N. 20° W. It contains diorite and quartz cobbles and has cut down below the Central Hill channel. The bedrock of the Central Hill channel pitches gently south, but water flowed north during the Ter- tiary period. In 1934 some 12,000 tons of gravel yielded 802 ounces of gold and 124 ounces of silver. Gold is 875 fine; its size ranges from "pin-head" to "wheat- grain". In the 1930s l l / 2 feet of bedrock and 5 feet of gravel were mined. Workings consist of a 300-foot adit inclined 33° E., a 750-foot drift north from the shaft station, a 200-foot drift northwest on the younger channel, drifts to the east from the shaft station and north workings, and breasting west of the main (north) drift. In 1937 a ver- tical shaft 100 feet north of the incline was sunk to a depth of about 85 feet, and gravel was drifted to the east and south. During the 1930s gravel was treated in a 4- by 14-foot scrubber-trommel, sluices, a rake classifier, and a cone classifier. Neilsen placer Location: NW/ 4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., about 2 >/ 2 miles south of Mokelumne Hill, in Chili Gulch. Ownership: Neilsen Sand and Gravel Co., c/o C. W. Neilsen, San Andreas; Ray Neilsen, manager. This property was first worked sometime prior to 1900, when a large pit on the southeast side of Chili Gulch was excavated by hydraulicking, and a great mass of tailings was deposited in the gulch. The Neilsens re- worked these tailings for a few months in early 1936 with a small 37-bucket dredge. About 60,000 yards of gravel were washed in a 4- by 12-foot trommel and sluices, and yielded between 10 and 15 cents per yard. Since 1939, the Neilsens have produced sand and gravel almost continuously from this property (see section on Sand and Gravel). A sluice with a quicksilver trap was installed in the aggregate plant late in 1957 to recover fine gold. The gravel consists of virgin gravel of the Chili Gulch channel and hydraulic tailings piles on the east slope of Chili Gulch, and Recent stream gravel in the bottom of the gulch. The tailings, which were accumulated from the Tertiary stream channel, have a notably higher vein- quartz content than the Recent gravels. The old hydraulic pit east of the aggregate plant was being prepared late in 1957 for mining the following Spring. Use of this virgin gravel was expected to result in an increased yield of gold. Rising Star (Cassinelli) mine Location: Part of NE^SEtf , and part of Wy 2 SEtf, sec. 2, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., about 3 miles north- west of San Andreas, just east of Latimer Gulch. Owner- ship: Roy and Edna Byrns, 73 Los Banos Avenue, Daly City, California. Gravel of the Deep Blue Lead was first encountered on this property in 1871 after a Mr. Mullen had driven an 1100-foot adit to a point 30 feet above bedrock. Subse- quent drifting outlined the lateral extent of the pay gravel. It was reported in 1875 that a month's work yielded 160 ounces of gold. In 1892 the property was being pros- pected by a 1200-foot tunnel. The following year work- ings consisted of two shafts and a 1500-foot adit, which by 1900 had been extended an additional 300 feet. The gravel was estimated to contain $4 per ton in gold in 1896. The Rising Star mine was intermittently active from 1900 through 1916. Work during this period con- sisted of breasting the gravel, which was then treated by slacking and washing in a trommel and sluices. During 1920-25 and 1932-39 the mine was again prospected and developed. Work during the 1930s was south of the main adit on a channel known as the Blue Wash. A drift was run southward for 500 feet from the old Gleason work- ings in order to explore the east rim of this channel. The Rising' Star property lies across the Deep Blue Lead, which here consists of four separate channels that flowed slightly east of south over a relatively flat bed- rock basin. From east to west these channels are the Lloyd, Mullen, Gleason, and Blue Wash. The basin occu- pied by these channels is 1200 feet wide. The gravel in all four channels consists of a heavy wash containing blue clay and many large boulders and cobbles. It is com- pact, sometimes cemented, and generally about 30 feet deep and 100 feet wide. It rests on a bedrock of slate, schist, and gabbro, and is capped by a breccia of andesite and rhyolite pebbles overlain by surface gravel. Gold ranges in size from medium to coarse and is found with considerable amounts of black sand and pyrite. It is chiefly in the upper 2 feet of bedrock and the lower 3 feet of gravel. Workings in the Rising Star mine include two main ventilation shafts, the Mullen and Gleason, and more than 3000 feet of drifts and crosscuts. The entry adit of the main tunnel is situated 200 feet east of the east rim. The tunnel trends southwest for 800 feet, crossing the Lloyd channel and penetrating the Mullen channel. It is connected with the Mullen shaft, beyond which it trends 1963 Calaveras County 91 west for 700 feet, cutting rhe Gleason channel. Near the center of the Blue Wash the main tunnel swings south- ward and continues down-channel for about 650 feet. A series of crosscuts run to the west during the 1930s in this portion of the tunnel were said to have disclosed 100 feet of pay gravel. Blue Wash gravel was mined in the old days by breasting for 300 feet north of the main tunnel between the Foley and Gleason shafts. Another wide block of breasted gravel is in the Gleason channel and is the means by which the Gleason shaft was con- nected with the main tunnel 200 feet to the south. The Mullen channel was breasted south of the tunnel during the early life of the property. The Lloyd channel has not been worked from the main tunnel. During the 1930s, gravel was treated in a 3- by 12-foot trommel and about 70 feet of sluices. Rough Diamond mine Location: Portions of SE!4 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., about 2 miles south of Mokelumne Hill. It is south of and adjacent to the Green Mountain drift mine. Ownership: Raymond and Mary J. Garamendi, A4okel- umne Hill, California. Prior to 1877 this property was worked as a hydraulic mine, but cemented gravel prevented recovery of much of the gold. A Mr. Garland purchased the ground in 1877, drove a 450-foot drift, and erected a five-stamp mill that handled 90 tons of gravel per day. The follow- ing year it was bought by Mr. Jillson, and during the next 4 years three small adits were driven, and the main adit was extended to 800 feet, from which points drifts were run 175 feet north and 350 feet south. Gold in the gravel is reported to have averaged $2.00 to $2.50 per §0 Photo 34. Headframe and surface plant of the Slab Ranch drift mine, 1 mile east of Altaville. This mine is on the Central Hill channel. Camera facing northeast. carload in 1883. No further activity is recorded until 1934, when the property yielded a small amount of gold. It was inactive again until mid-1942, when exploration for quartz crystals began. Between September 1942 November 1943, about 6600 pounds of crystal were re- covered. Production of modest amounts of quartz cry^, continued through 1944. During the latter part of that year, both the Rough Diamond and Calaveras Crystal properties were operated by the Quartz Crystal Products Company. No crystal production has been reported since 1944. Statements regarding the earliest quartz-crystal produc- tion from the Rough Diamond mine (Julihn and Horton, 1938, p. 71) are not specific, and merely imply production prior to 1938. The name of the mine, which probably refers to quartz crystals found in it, was entered in the patent records in the late 1800s. This property is on the Tunnel Ridge channel. Its geology is similar to that of the Green Mountain mine and is described under that heading. Reserves of quartz crystal in the Rough Diamond were estimated in 1944 to be 12,600 pounds in 9000 cubic yards of gravel. About 5 percent of this quartz would be of piezoelectric grade (Durrell, 1944, p. 432-433). A later report (Wright, 1950, p. 207) describes this deposit as "nearly exhausted". Development of the Rough Diamond includes, besides the drifts of the 1870s and 1880s, about 1000 feet of drifts trending east and northeast, and a total of 43 feet of raises, driven in 1942-43. Explosives were used in opening the Rough Diamond mine, but this practice was discontinued when it was found that crystals were being fractured, and pneumatic tools were used instead. As the result of pilot-plant tests conducted on the property from June to November 1944, a washing plant was erected on the Calaveras crys- tal (Green Mountain) property. This plant had a rated capacity of about 200 tons of gravel per hour, and con- sisted of a 35-foot trommel and sluices to recover gold; crystal would be recovered on a conveyor belt and in the pit. It was proposed to reach the crystal-bearing gravel with an open cut of 50-feet bottom width, using a bulldozer and power shovel. Slab Ranch (Calmo) mine Location: NW'/ 4 and SE'/ 4 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 Vz miles northeast of Angels Camp. Owner- ship: c/o P. N. Alexander, 1567 Hiawatha Avenue, Stockton, California. This property, situated on the Central Hill channel, was prospected in the 1860s, but was not seriously worked until 1922. By late 1923 a vertical shaft 45 feet deep had been sunk. The Calmo Mining and Milling Company, later known as the Mound City Mining Company, sank two vertical shafts 167 and 115 feet, from which more than 8000 feet of drifts and crosscuts are said to have been driven in gravel and in bedrock in search of quartz stringers. This period of intermittent activity lasted from 1924 to 1933. The first shaft to be sunk was the Calmo shaft, downstream and north of the presently existing 92 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Slab Ranch shaft. Approximately 1500 feet of drifts and crosscuts were driven, principally in the bedrock rims, and gold valued at about $25,000 was produced from the Calmo. After that the mill and mining equipment were moved to the Slab Ranch site, and a shaft was sunk in a narrow portion of a canyon in the Central Hill channel. No production from this shaft has been recorded. In 1933, this property was acquired by the Calaveras Cen- tral Gold Mining Co., Ltd. The channel trough at the Slab Ranch site is between 70 and 125 feet wide, and at the Calmo site it is some- what wider; gravel on the dump contains cobbles of schist, quartzite, basalt(?), and rhyolite. A small dump at the caved Calmo shaft, which was sunk on the north rim of the channel, is composed chiefly at subangular cobbles of schist. The Slab Ranch washing plant consisted of a 3- by 25-foot scrubber-trommel and sluices. Vallecito Western mine Location: SW>/ 4 sec. 24, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Six Mile Creek, 2 miles west-northwest of Vallecito. Ownership: Thomas B. Bishop Co., 166 Geary Street, San Francisco, California. In 1923 Donald Steffa and three other men ceased their activities on the Vallecito Consolidated property at the north end of the town of Vallecito and began prospect- ing the Central Hill channel in the vicinity of Six Mile Creek. They organized the Vallecito Mining Company, obtained a lease on 285 acres of property from the Thomas Bishop Company, and began drilling in May 1923. By May 1924 seven holes totaling about 2000 feet had been drilled. From the information thus obtained, a cross section of the channel was made, and a site se- lected on which a 4- by 7 '/•> -foot shaft was sunk to a depth of 167 feet. The property was developed by 6300 feet of workings by the end of July 1931. The Vallecito Western yielded 4,206 ounces of gold by 1933. From December 1932 to October 1936, the mine was operated under a sublease by the Tonopah- Belmont Development Company. From January 1933 to September 1936, 40,967 tons of gravel yielded 7,222 ounces of gold and 815 ounces of silver. In March 1935, a major fault was encountered in the main gangway about 3000 feet northeast of the shaft. The channel was cut off completely, and was not found again until the following December. The Vallecito Mining Company operated the mine in 1937 and recovered 358 ounces of gold from 1,213 tons of gravel. In 1938, 917 tons of gravel were mined, and 27,223 yards of old tailings were washed. A dragline dredge was operated on the property during 1939, and a sub-lessee recovered 274 ounces of gold and 31 ounces of silver from 687 yards of gravel obtained by drift mining. Vallecito Mining Company worked the mine again throughout 1940 and recovered 221 ounces of gold and 2 unces of silver from 685 yards of gravel. Activity ceased on the property in 1941, and has not resumed. The Vallecito Western mine is situated on a 2~ -foot- wide channel in a Tertiary valley that is approximately 1400 feet wide. A major fault completely offsets the channel about 3000 feet northeast of the shaft. Bedrock slate, amphibolite, and granodiorite are overlain by 15 to 70 feet of compact, uncemented gravel. The gravel is well-rounded and contains many large boulders in a matrix of cobbles and fine sand. Cobbles and boulders are composed chiefly of granitic rock; small proportions of slate, quartzite, jasper, and quartz also are present. Overburden consisting of sand, gravel, and rhyolitic ash ranges from 100 to 250 feet in thickness. Pay streaks are concentrated in the main trough of the channel and on its south rim. Breasting was carried across the full width of the pay streak, which ranges from 40 to 150 feet. Pay streaks are uniform over long dis- tances and are accompanied by only small amounts of black sand. About 75 percent of the gold is on, or within, 1 foot of bedrock, although pay streaks have been found as high as 23 feet above bedrock. The aver- age breast height was 6 feet. Where there is gold well above the bedrock, there is usually very little near the base of the gravel. The gold is in coarse, flat flakes up to 5 ounces in weight; about 90 percent of it is coarser than 20 mesh. The average size of the gold increased as workings were advanced upstream. Recovery of small amounts of crys- talline and wire gold was reported in 1929. The fineness of the gold ranged from 882 to 900, and averaged 895. The mine was developed by a 167-foot vertical shaft that includes a 14- foot sump below the shaft station, and more than 6300 feet of drifts and crosscuts. From the shaft, a diagonal crosscut was run southeast to a point near the north rim of the channel, and a drift was then run east parallel to the rim. Another diagonal crosscut was run southeast, beginning 250 feet from the shaft and extending to a point near the south rim of the channel, from which another drift was advanced to the east. Crosscuts between the parallel drifts were run at inter- vals of 100 to 150 feet, and other crosscuts were projected away from the drifts onto benches and up the rims. Gravel was washed in a 3- by 18-foot scrubber-trom- mel, after passing through an 11 -foot sluice where large cobbles were removed by hand. The trommel portion consisted of two concentric tubes of plate punched with l'/ 2 -inch holes on the inner tube, and %-inch holes on the outer tube. Oversize gravel was passed through a sluice and over riffles. Undersize (minus %-inch) was passed over riffles, onto a table, and over more riffles. Steffa reported in 1932 that 200 tons of re-washed tailings yielded only 17'/ 2 cents per ton; the gravel had originally contained $8.00 per ton. Victor (Rainer, Reiner, etc.) mine Location: NE>/ 4 sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., one-half mile north of Angels Camp. Ownership: Cala- veras Central Gold Alining Company, c/o Harry Sears, Trustee, Angels Camp, California. This property was first located in 1 895, and reportedly was sold for $50,000 that same year. The shaft, which now is the main shaft of the Calaveras Central drift mine, 1963 Calaveras County 93 was sunk in 1904-05. The mine was worked intermittently by the Reiner Mining Company from 1908 until 1912, when fire destroyed the shaft and a 20-stamp mill. Work was resumed, and by mid- 19 13 bedrock was reached. About 1000 feet of drifts were driven by 1915, but a heavy flow of water in the lower levels closed the mine. The Victor Mining Company dewatered it and did some drifting in 1920-21. A small amount of platinum was re- covered during this time from auriferous blue clay at the bottom of the 320-foot shaft. The Victor Land and Mineral Company worked the mine intermittently during 1922-26; drifts were driven east to the Central Hill chan- nel, and small blocks of gravel averaging $5 to $6 per ton were mined south and northwest of the shaft. The property was purchased by the Calaveras Central Mining Corporation in March 1927, and remained idle until it was acquired by the Calaveras Central Gold Mining Company, Ltd., in mid- 1931. What Cheer mine Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., just north of the Buffalo drift mine, 2 miles southwest of Mokelumne Hill. Ownership: Theresa Murphy and Mary Garamendi, Mokelumne Hill, California. This property was active prior to 1871, although nothing has been recorded regarding the nature of the work. An inclined adit and several drifts and crosscuts were driven during 1871-72, and a bedrock adit was driven in 1885. In 1887, a five-stamp mill was erected. Shortly afterward, the mine was closed; it remained idle, except for some activitv in 1899-1902 and development in 1935-37. The Deep Blue Lead trends due north of the What Cheer property. Gravel in the channel consists of 20 feet of slightly cemented well-rounded quartz pebbles and boulders on a slate bedrock, capped by 150 feet of volcanic ash; sand, clay, and pyrrhotite are common. Gold is fine-grained and approximately 900 fine. In 1937 gravel yielded $2 per ton in gold. The latest development of this property was by a 285-foot vertical shaft situated 1300 feet south of an old 600-foot west-trending inclined adit. From the bottom of the vertical shaft, an 1100-foot timbered haulage drift was run north on the east rim of the channel; gravel was mined by inclined crosscuts to the trough of the channel. Between 40 and 50 acres of productive ground reportedly are still virgin (Averill, 1946, p. 254). Gravel was treated in 1937 by a 14- foot scrubber- trommel, 50 feet of sluices, and a rake classifier. The capacity of this plant was 100 tons per day. Iron A number of small deposits of low-grade iron ore exist in Calaveras County. Years ago several were prospected in shallow open cuts and short adits, but no production was recorded. Probably the best-known deposit is the Big Trees mine, located in the SW!4 sec. 32, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mile due north of Murphys. It con- sists of siliceous hematite and limonite interbedded with quartz-mica schist, and much of it is covered with a thick soil overburden. Years ago a steel company examined the deposit, but it was reported to be too low in grade and too limited in extent to be of commercial interest (Henry Peterson, personal communication, 1958). Several small bodies of limonite-bearing chert replacing limestone are in the Calaveritas quadrangle, and thin lenses of magnetite interlayed with antigorite are found 2 miles southeast of Esmeralda School in the NE% sec. 2, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., A4.D.M. (Clark, 1954, p. 21). Other prospects in the county include the Detert or Iron Mon- arch prospect, a limonite hill-capping 1 1 / 2 miles north of Valley Springs in sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., and the Bonanza mine, 7 miles southeast of Mokelumne Hill (Logan, 1925, p. 162). Lead Appreciable quantities of lead have been produced in Calaveras County. Although the total recorded output for the county from 1880 to 1957 is 1,169,693 pounds valued at $122,198, considerable additional amounts were contained in ores shipped from the Penn mine, which were not included in the above figures. According to production figures shown in the U. S. Bureau of Mines A4inerals Yearbooks for 1947 through 1952, and in Cali- fornia Division of Mines Bulletin 144 (Heyl, Cox, and Eric, 1948, p. 65), the Penn mine alone has been the source of 1,225,798 pounds of lead. Most of the lead produced in the county has been a by-product of copper-zinc mining in the Foothill belt (see copper-zinc section). The Penn and the Quail Hill mines have been the chief producers. Smaller amounts have been recovered as a by-product of gold mining. Galena (PbS) is the principal lead ore mineral. In the Foothill copper-zinc ores it is closely associated with pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite. Galena is a minor constitutent of Mother Lode gold ores. In some East Belt gold ores, especially those of the West Point district, it is present in quantity and is associated with free gold, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. Limestone The quarrying of limestone and the manufacture of cement by the Calaveras Cement Company is the most lucrative segment of the mineral industry in Calaveras County. Not only has this industry accounted for the largest portion of the mineral output of the county for a number of years, but the extensive limestone and dolo- mite deposits form some of the largest undeveloped re- serves in the state. Not only is limestone the principal constituent of portland cement, but large quantities are used in the manufacture of lime and beet sugar, as met- allurgical flux, and in the agricultural and chemical in- dustries. As the population and industrial capacity of California have increased, the consumption of these ma- terials likewise has increased. Since World War II, the annual output of the Calaveras Cement Company has tripled. 94 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 v-j^=£ LIMESTONE DEPOSITS Calaventos- E s m e r o I d o 2 C ove City r3 Columbia 4 G o m bet t o f IN 5. Jesus Mario- Rich Gulch 6. Kentucky House 7. Murphys 8 Volley Springs- Mokelumne Hill Figure 13. Map of Calaveras County showing distribution of limestone deposits. Limestone deposits are widely distributed in Calaveras County. The term "limestone" in this report is used in a broad sense to include carbonate rocks ranging in mineral composition from nearly pure calcite to nearly pure dol- omite. The largest deposits in the county are: the north- ern extension of the Sonora-Columbia limestone belt, the Murphys, Cave City, Kentucky House, and Gambetta deposits. Other deposits are present in the Calaveritas-Es- meralda area, in the vicinity of Jesus Maria, northwest of Mountain Ranch, north and east of Murphys, southeast of Kentucky House, west of Glencoe, west of Carson Hill, north of San Andreas, and between Aiokelumne Hill and Valley Springs. Except for the deposit at Kentucky House, the large limestone masses are east of the Mother Lode belt. Most of the known limestone deposits in the county are shown in figure 13. Most Sierra Nevada limestone deposits are lenticular masses of recrystallized limestone and dolomite that are interbedded with metasedimentarv and metavolcanic rocks of the Calaveras formation. Many have been in- truded by granitic rocks. They range from small lenses 1963 Calaveras County 95 less than 1000 feet in length and not more than a few scores of feet in thickness to those that are square miles in extent. The limestones range from white to various shades of bluish-gray. The high-calcium limestone is in irregular masses intermingled with dolomite rock, com- monly at or near the margins of such deposits. How- ever, some deposits, especially those west of the Mother Lode (and a few to the east), are composed principally of high-calcium limestone with little or no dolomite. Those deposits that lie east of the Mother Lode are medium to coarsely crystalline, while those to the west mostly are fine-grained. Although the west-belt deposits are smaller, they are more uniform in composition and commonly are superior for some uses to those to the east (Bowen, 1957, p. 296). The number of west-belt deposits is large— a total of 26 is shown on the Jackson folio (Turner, 1894). Schist, greenstone, slate, and chert are commonly interbedded with the limestone, and in some deposits selective quarrying is necessary. Many of the limestone deposits are cut by dikes of fine- to- me- dium-grained diorite and quartz diorite. Solution caves and potholes are abundant in some of the deposits; Mercer's and Moaning Caves are noted tour- ist attractions (see section on Caves). Some of the pot- holes contained rich placer gold deposits that were mined during the gold rush. Veins and seams of secondary ara- gonite and coarse calcite along joint planes are common. A few fossils ranging from Mississippian to Permian in age have been found in some of the limestone bodies in the Sierra, but fossil evidence is sparsely distributed. Except for those deposits developed by the operations of the Calaveras Cement Company (the Kentucky House deposits and the deposit east of Calaveritas containing Quarry No. 4), and a few small west-belt deposits quar- ried years ago for smelter flux, all others are undeveloped. Little is known of their chemistry, and few if any chem- ical analyses are available for many of the deposits. Many are shown on the folios of the U. S. Geological Survey made years ago. However, subsequent geologic mapping by Clark (Clark, 1954) and by members of the staff of Calaveras Cement Company have shown that some of the deposits are considerably larger than originally shown in the folios. This is especially true in the cases of the Gambetta and Cave City deposits. In addition, some de- posits are not shown on the folios. Many are relatively inaccessible at present, but as California's demand for limestone, dolomite, and lime products increases, the Cal- averas County deposits will increase in importance as potential sources of raw material. Numerous deposits of marble are found in Calaveras County, three of which have yielded small amounts of stone for decorative facings and terrazzo (see section on Stone). The Caldwell, Hertzig, and Treat deposits near San Andreas, were prospected prior to 1906, but no pro- duction was reported. The Angels and Eagle deposits southeast of Vallecito were active prior to 1915; three small shipments are recorded. The Sundborg property near Vallecito has yielded yellow marble for terrazzo chips since 1946. Photo 35. Stalactites and stalagmites in a Calaveras County cave. Photo by Leigh Readdy. Caves A number of limestone caves are found in Calaveras County. They range in size from small openings only a few feet in extent to those caverns hundreds of feet in length and depth, that contain numerous passageways, extensive rooms, and beautiful dripstone formations. Some caves are not well known, but others, such as Mer- cer's and Moaning Caves, are visited bv many persons each year. Much of the following information was pro- vided by Leigh Readdy of the National Speleological Society. Moaning Cave, 1 1 / 2 miles south of Vallecito, is a verti- cal cave containing a large room 150 feet in diameter and at least 100 feet in depth where many dripstone for- mations can be seen. It is well lighted and is entered through a 100-foot enclosed spiral staircase. A number of Indian bones were discovered here recently by members of the National Speleological Society. Natural Bridge, 1 mile to the south on Coyote Creek, is a remnant of a cave. Gold Tooth Cave, southeast of Moaning Cave near the Camp Nine road, is limited in extent. Years ago a skull with a gold tooth was found here. Mercer Cave, 1 mile northwest of Murphys, has a vertical entrance and a number of horizontal passage- ways. It is well lighted with good walkways. Many beautiful dripstone formations are exposed and one area in the cavern displays outstanding aragonite crystals. Several caves are located near the site of the old mining town of Cave City. Cave City Cave, which was com- mercialized during the period 1850-70, is more than 1000 feet in extent. It has at least four separate entrances. There are several large rooms with underground lakes. Another cave in the vicinity of Cave City is Skull Cave, which is more than 100 feet deep. Many skulls were found here during the early days of the gold rush. It was believed to have been used by Indians as a burial place during smallpox and cholera epidemics. 96 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 -o J I' O 1963 Calaveras County 97 Calaveras Cement Company Location: Plant and local offices are in sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., at Kentucky House 2'/ 2 miles south of San Andreas; Quarry No. 1 is north of the plant; Quarry No. 2 is east of the plant; and Quarry No. 4 is in sees. 25 and 35, T. 4 N, R 12 E., and sec. 30, T. 4 N, R. 13 E., M.D.M., north of Calaveritas Creek and 6 miles east of the plant. Management: Calaveras Cement Company, 315 Mont- gomery Street, San Francisco, California. William Wal- lace Mein, Founder and Chairman of the Board; William Wallace Mein Jr., President; Gardner W. Mein, Assistant to the President, and Assistant Secretary; Grant Metzger, Vice President, Operations; M. J. London, Vice Presi- dent, Marketing; Arnold Ross, Vice President, Finance; J. Tedesco, Secretary-Treasurer; E. J. Norris Jr., Con- troller; O. E. Duling, Chief Engineer. At the plant: Orrin Weeks, Manager; M. C. Sutton, Chief Chemist; Evan Hall, Plant Superintendent. The Calaveras Cement Company is one of the major producers of cement in northern California. Six types of cement are manufactured, which are used in nearlv all types of construction. Since the plant was erected, it has been enlarged greatly. In 1959 it had a rated capacity of more than 4'/ 2 million barrels per year. In 1922, William Wallace Mein became interested in the limestone deposits of Kentucky House area as a pos- sible source of raw material for a cement plant. After an extensive sampling program, money was secured, and construction of the plant began. The Southern Pacific Railroad's Valley Springs branch line was extended to Kentucky House to serve the new plant. In January 1925 the Calaveras Cement Company was incorporated, and in May 1926 the plant was formally opened (Ross, 1950, p. 18). Except for a short period during the depression in the early 1930s, the plant has been in continuous opera- tion since it was constructed. Large quantities of Cala- veras Cement have been used in the construction of the Pardee Dam, the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, Friant Dam, military bases during and since World War II, the Delta-Mendota canal, Folsom Dam, Pine Flat Dam, and numerous freeways and superhighways. The rated capacity of the plant originally was 1,200,000 barrels per year (Logan, 1936, p. 233). The two 240-foot kilns were the original kilns at the plant. Limestone from Quarries Nos. 1 and 2 just north and east of the plant were delivered in 18-ton railroad cars hauled by gasoline locomotives. In 1935, truck haulage from the newly opened Quarry No. 4, 6 miles east of the plant, began. During 1940-41, a 40-mile, 8-inch pipeline was con- structed from the Rio Vista gas field in the San Joaquin- Sacramento River delta region to provide a direct source of fuel for the kilns. During World War II the company began to ship cement in bulk form. An extensive program of plant and quarry expansion began in 1945. A 360-foot kiln, half again as long as the two original kilns, was erected in 1946, which doubled burning capacity. New milling and quarrying equipment were obtained also. In 1952 a fourth kiln, i feet in length, was added. As a part of the same tional ball mills, a dust collector, a cooling blending and storage silos were installed. A new drill, one of the first of its type to be used in Cain was purchased. These improvements increased the rateu plant capacity to 10,000 barrels per day. Another modernization program was initiated during 1955-56. A fifth kiln (which began operating in the summer of 1956), new blending facilities for both raw feed and finished material, an additional rotary drill for the quarries, eight new 110-foot storage silos, and new crushing units were installed, which increased the rated plant capacity by another 30 percent. New offices, shops, and warehouses were built. In 1956, Quarry No. 1 which had been idle since 1945, was reopened. Six kinds of cement are customarily manufactured and marketed by the Calaveras Cement Company. Type I portland cement is used in general construction. Type II portland cement, a moderate heat- and sulfate-resisting cement, is used in heavy construction such as dams and canals. Calaveras Early Hardening cement, Type HI, is used where early strength and reduction of overall con- struction time are desired. Also manufactured are Cala- veras White, a white non-staining portland cement; Calaveras Plastic, which is used in stucco and plaster- ing; and Calaveras Pipe cement. Types IV and V are occasionally made on special order; the raw materials arc such that any type of cement can be made if required. Much of the Type I and II cements are made to low- alkali specifications. Quarry No. 1, the chief source of raw material for the plant during the early years of operation, was reopened in 1956. At the present time, it is the source of a substan- tial portion of the crude limestone used at the plant. This quarry is in the largest and northernmost lens of the Ken- tucky House limestone deposits (see fig. 13). The de- posit consists essentially of two major lenses of high- calcium limestone lying on the west side of an extensive body of dolomite. The largest of the two high-calcium limestone lenses is 2000 feet long, as much as 500 feet thick, and trends N. 30° W. The smaller high-calcium lens, which lies to the southwest, is 1000 feet long and 400 feet thick on the maximum. It trends N. 45° W; the two lenses converge toward each other in a southeasterly direction. Lying between the two main lenses are a number of small, narrow, high-calcium limestone beds. East of and interbedded with the high-calcium limestone are beds of sheared hydrothermally altered dolomite which locally contains magnesite. Also present are amphi- bolite and chlorite schists. Quartz-diorite dikes cut rhc limestone and adjoining metasedimentary rocks. The Mother Lode zone of thrust faulting is just east of the deposit. West of the limestone deposit are interbedded slate, phyllite, and greenstone. Generally, the high-calcium limestone is fine-grained, medium to dark bluish gray in color, and often stylolitic. Locally, however, there are considerable amounts of coarse-grained limestone or mixed coarse- and fine- 98 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 ' .; Photo 37. South face of Calaveras Ce- ment Company's Quarry No. 1. Shown in the foreground is a drop ball used to break large fragments. Camera facing east. -» *2k ^jr***-^ grained limestone with schistose partings, many of which contain abundant graphitic material. The limestone is fetid to a mild degree. There are a few veins of extremely coarse-grained white calcite. Usually varying amounts of fine-grained pyrite are present as "fish-scale" in fractures or in disseminated grains in the dikes that cut the lime- stone. The limestone schistosity has an average strike of N. 30° W. and a dip of 75° or more to the northeast. The best grade of limestone contains as much as 98 per- cent CaC0 3 . Quarry No. 4 was the principal source of raw ma- terial for the plant from 1945 to 1957. This quarry is in the largest of a series of parallel limestone lenses that lie east of the Mother Lode belt in the Calaveritas area (see fig. 13). These lenses are part of a west-extending tongue of Calaveras metasediments, which lies between granodiorite on the north and green schist on the south. Country rock in the immediate vicinity of the limestone is quartz-mica schist containing small interbeds of chlor- ite and hornblende schist and massive quartz-amphibolite rock. In its largest dimension this deposit is 1200 feet long and 800 feet wide. Clark has divided this lens into three blocks which are separated by two high-angle west-trending faults (Clark, 1954, p. 18). However, later work has led the company staff to believe the shape of the limestone body is due in large part to complex fold- ing and plastic fiowage of the limestone, and that the faults are less important in determining the shape of the deposit. The lineation is the most prominent and con- sistent structural feature, trending almost due east and pitching 35° E. The limestone is massive and coarsely crystalline, and ranges from white to gray in color. In several places it is cut by fine-grained diorite ;ind quartz-diorite dikes. In SiO-> Fe-iO-A Al 2 3 CaC0 3 MgCO A .20 .09 .18 98.90 .69 .69 .13 .27 98.49 .44 .56 .09 .30 98.33 .73 3.53 .27 .41 94.96 .81 1.61 .45 .67 96.19 1.10 most places the limestone is high in calcium and low in magnesium. The following chemical analyses were made in the company laboratory on diamond drill cores across 164 feet of the central part of the lens: Sample no. 1 2 3 4 5 The nearby country rock, which commonly is referred to as "shale," is mined for the necessary silica, alumina, and ferric oxide required in cement making. As there are a number of small interbeds of schist in the limestone which ordinarily supply these oxides, only about 10 to 12 percent of this "shale" is mined separately. At both quarries the limestone is mined in 50-foot benches. The schist overburden at Quarry No. 4 is mined in irregular benches (see photo 36). For primary blasting, vertical holes 55 to 80 feet in depth, depending upon the desired bench height, are drilled to 5 feet be- low bench grade. Bucyrus-Erie crawler-mounted rotary drills equipped with Hughes bits are used at each quarry. At Quarry No. 1 a model No. 40-R with a 9-inch bit, and at Quarry No. 4 a model 50-R with a 9% -inch bit, are used. Air is blown through ports in the centers of the bits. For hard waste material carbide-tipped bits are used. Blasting is largely done with ammonium nitrate. Holes are primed with Hercules 60 percent "Gelamite," the priming charge amounting to 5 percent of the total load, and detonated electrically. In wet conditions, the prim- ing charge occasionally will be as high as 20 percent. Usually from 50,000 to' 100,000 tons of rock are dislodged in one blast. 1963 Calaveras County 99 Thickeners Clinker Storage Quarry Modified after map drawn by John W. James, November, 1956 Courtesy Calaveros Cement Company. Figure 14. Simplified map and flowsheet of Calaveras Cement Company plant. Secondary blasting of large fragments is done with "Gelamite" and secondary breaking with Loraine "Motor- cranes" equipped with 5000-pound drop balls. A Gard- ner-Denver "Air Trac" portable drill, which drills 3-inch holes, is used in toe holes as well as in trimming and in the preparation of approaches. At Quarry No. 1 there are two Bucyrus-Erie electric shovels, one with a-2'/ 2 - yard and the other with a 5-yard dipper. At Quarry No. 4 there are also two Bucyrus-Erie electric shovels one with a 3'/ 2 -yard and the other with a 2-yard dipper. A Michigan 6-yard payloader is used for cleanups and stockpiling. From Quarry No. 1 limestone is trucked a third of a mile to the plant; from Quarry No. 4 it is trucked approximately 6 miles. The truck fleet used for hauling crude limestone to the plant consists of fourteen Euclid 25-ton and three Kenworth 25-ton end-dump trucks. At the plant the trucks from the quarries dump the limestone directly into a primary Allis-Chalmers Mc- Culley 48-inch gyratory crusher set at 4'/ 2 inches (see fig. 14 for generalized plant flowsheet). Crushed material is belt-conveyed to a surge bin and then to the secondary crushing unit, which consists of three Telsmith 48-inch cone crushers. From this point the material goes to the tertiary crushing unit consisting of three Symons 5'/ 2 - foot shorthead cone crushers, where the rock is reduced to minus '/z-inch size. The material is then discharged into raw storage and arranged in stockpiles by a traveling overhead crane with a clamshell bucket. From storage the crane delivers the crushed limestone and shale into the raw mill feedbins in specified proportions. At the raw mill, there are two grinding-classifying cir- cuits, each consisting of a 9- by 9-foot Marcy ball mill in closed circuit with a rake classifier and a 9- by 25-foot Marcy ball mill in closed circuit with two 20-inch Krebs cvclone classifiers. Overflow from the rake classifier goes to one cyclone, underflow from both cyclones passes to the 9- by 25-foot ball mill, and overflow from both cyclones flows to the thickeners. A slurry ranging from 88 to 90 percent minus 200-mesh in particle size and containing from 60 to 65 percent water is produced. There are two 150-foot Dorr thickeners where the water content of the slurry is reduced to 35-40 percent. The thickened slurry is pumped to one of 15 slurry tanks or blending silos where it is agitated by compressed air and blended until the desired proportions are attained. The finished slurry is stored in kiln feed tanks. A typical slurry analysis in percentages by weight is as follows: SiO-, 14.K7 Fe 2 :i 2.05 Al- 2 :i CaCOn 77.69 1.77 NaO-K-.O 0.39 100 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 a if c E O) o £ o •s: D) c o o .£ E :* ° c «2 U a o -a 1963] J Calaveras County 101 ■- - I a a. >-* >. c a 1 * V a. E o U - ■^ . c :.-.-■..-•*■■• E « ' ■•'-<* . U v'-r", ■- ;J* ■-S* o H& > 102 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 The finished slurry is then fed to the kilns. Kilns A and B, which were the orginial burning plant, are 240 feet long, with a burning zone 1 1 feet 3 inches in diam- eter; the rest of the kiln is 10 feet in diameter. Kilns C, D, and E are 360 feet 1- feet 3 inches in diame- ter throughout. The kii< fired with natural gas, but there is a standby fuel oil system. Clinker from the kilns that ranges from dust- baseball-sized particles goes to air-quenched coolers which reduce the temperature from 3400°F. to less than 300°F. A typical clinker analy- sis in percentages by weight is as follows: Si0 2 Al 2 3 CaO MgO NaO-K 2 4.97 67.07 1.30 0.60 Dust fron the kilns is collected by Cottrell precipitators and returned to the kiln feed system. Cooled clinker is first ground in three preliminary 7- by 8-foot Marcy ball mills and one 9- by 12-foot Marcy rod mill. It then goes to the finishing mills which consist of five Allis Chalmers 8- by 26-foot ball mills and a Marcy 9- by 25-foot ball mill. Three to 5 percent by weight of minus % -inch gypsum is added to the finish- ing mills. The finished cement is delivered by screw conveyors, air slides/ and elevators to 20 storage silos which have a combined storage capacity of 450,000 bar- rels. Bagging is done at the plant packhouse just prior to loading as needed. Close, chemical control is main- tained in all phases of plant operation, and analyses and physical tests are made continuously in a modern well- equipped laboratory. Northern California is the principal marketing area for Calaveras Cement Company products, but considerable amounts are sold in southern Oregon and western Ne- vada. The majority of the finished cement is marketed in bulk form. Bulk cement is delivered in hopper-bottom trucks or special covered railroad hopper cars. At the plant there are machine, carpenter, electrical, and blacksmith shops, and a garage for the maintenance of equipment. More than 400 persons are employed at the quarry and plant. Calaveritas- Esmeralda deposits There are a number of west-trending limestone lenses in the general area of the old mining towns of Calaveritas and Esmeralda (see fig. 13). A total -of seventeen is shown on Clark's map (Clark, 1954, plates 1 and 2). These lenses are interbedded with a series of west-strik- ing beds of metasedimentary rocks of the Calaveras for- mation. Granodiorite lies to the west and green schist to the south. The only deposit of this group that is commercially mined is the large westernmost lens in which Calaveras Cement Company's Quarry no. 4 is lo- cated (see Calaveras Cement Company in this chapter). Another extensive lens, which is about 3900 feet long and 600 feet wide, lies just to the east. Most of the other lenses are limited in size. Generally the larger lenses in this area contain high-calcium limestone, and the smaller ones arc largely dolomitic (Willard Fuller, personal com- munication, 1958). Cave City deposit This large deposit is in the central portion of the coun- ty approximately 9 miles east of San Andreas and ex- tends southeast from the town of Mountain Ranch. Be- cause of its remote location and mixed calcite-dolomite character, it has not been commercially mined. Some years ago the Calaveras Cement Company obtained an interest in a portion of the deposit in the Adobe Creek area 1 mile southeast of Mountain Ranch. In 1950-51 this concern conducted a sampling program, but since has disposed of its interests in the area (Calaveras Cement Company, personal communication, 1959). The deposit is shown on the Jackson folio as being slightly more than 2 miles long and as much as 1500 feet thick (Turner, 1894). However, subsequent work by the Calaveras Cement Company and Clark (Clark, 1954, plate I) has shown the deposit to be at least 4 miles long and to range from 600 to 1500 feet in thickness. It is lensoid in shape, the lens striking N. 45° W. and dipping 60°-75° NE. Country rock is graphitic schist and impure quartzite of the Calaveras formation. Small amounts of schist are interbedded with the limestone. In places the limestone is overlain by fairly extensive deposits of Ter- tiary auriferous gravel which were mined during the gold rush. Cave City was an important gold-mining center. The limestone ranges from white to bluish-gray in color. Much of the rock has been thoroughly brecciated and then recemented. The low-magnesian limestone is coarse-grained, and the dolomite and dolomitic limestone are fine grained. The most prominent outcrops of this deposit usually are dolomitic (Clark, 1954, p. 7). The sampling done by the Calaveras Cement Company has shown that at least in that portion of the deposit near Adobe Gulch, the dolomite is in the central and footwall part of the lens, and the low-magnesian limestone is near the hanging wall. The following two tables are the results of the sampling done of the deposit, and were supplied by the Calaveras Cement Company. Samples were taken across the lens in six sections, the sections being approxi- mately a fifth of a mile apart. Section A is slightly less than 1 mile southeast of Mountain Ranch. The first table contains overall averages of the entire section sampled, and the second table is of the hanging wall portion. Analyses of Cave City limestone deposit in Adobe Gulch area. Section Width SiO. K-.'O.H CaCO H MgCO* A 597 ft. 0.91% 0.26% 81.71% 17.72% B 300 0.27 0.38 75.88 23.59 C 551 0.37 0.72 80.79 18.27 D 951 0.31 0.34 82.34 16.60 E 1042 0.46 0.62 81.75 14.20 F 1239 0.83 0.54 86.03 10.49 Analyses of hanging wall portion of Cave City limestone deposit in Adobe ■ Gulch area. A 95 0.15 0.14 80.44 18.94 B 100 0.11 0.20 93.75 6.73 C 121 0.36 0.45 94.02 5.99 D 111 0.21 0.25 96.96 3.30 E 94 0.32 0.12 91.98 8.41 F 300 0.31 0.40 95.48 3.85 1963 Calaveras County 103 Columbia deposits The Columbia deposits form the north extension of the great Sonora-Columbia limestone belt, the largest in the Sierra Nevada. In Calaveras County this belt is in the vicinity of Douglas Flat and Vallecito and covers at least 10 square miles (see fig. 13), while another 5 square miles of limestone probably is overlain by Tertiary gravel and volcanic detritus. Except for minor quarrying for marble and road rock, the Calaveras County portion of the de- posit has not been mined commercially. Because of the complex geologic structures in the area, the shape of the deposit is extremely irregular. South of Vallecito by the Calaveras-Tuolumne County line, the limestone has been intruded by a body of granodiorite. Here the limestone dips to the south toward the granodi- orite body. In the remainder of the deposit, the limestone strikes west-northwest and dips steeply to the northeast. Granodiorite also lies north of the west portion of the deposit, but the remainder of the country rock surround- ing the limestone is schist, quartzite, and slate. Present in the limestone are interbeds of schist and a number of diorite and quartz-diorite dikes. As yet, much of the Columbia limestone has not been mapped in detail or systematically sampled. Although large portions of it consist of dolomite and magnesian limestone, there are extensive areas within the deposit that are known to be composed chiefly of high-calcium lime- stone. Two such areas within this deposit are between Cataract Gulch and Wool Hollow, 4 miles northeast of Vallecito and near the junction of Skunk Gulch and the Stanislaus River, 3 miles southeast of Vallecito. The Calaveras Cement Company has carried out an extensive sampling and diamond drilling program in the Cataract Gulch area. This work has indicated that the deposit is large but irregular, in outline and grade and that it is cut by numerous dikes ranging from a few inches to as much as 30 feet in thickness (Calaveras Cement Com- pany, personal communication, 1958). The following analyses, which have been supplied by the company, were made from a drill hole 1,352 feet in length. Its overall average is shown under A; the high-calcium portions are segregated under B; and the average of the remaining dikes and high-magnesian portions is shown in C: Analysis of Columbia limestone drill-hole sample from Cataract Gulch area. Percent ABC Si0 2 ----- ------ 4.71 3.45 10.19 R2O3 — - 2.98 2.36 5.65 CaC0 3 - — 86.18 91.74 61.91 MgC0 3 5.88 2.35 21.24 The other known high-calcium deposit in vicinity of Skunk Hollow covers an area of about 100 acres and has been estimated by C. J. Loomis of San Andreas to con- tain reserves of at least 50 million tons. It is coarsely crystalline and white or white with grayish streaks. The following analysis of a sample from this deposit was sup- plied by Mr. Loomis: Analysis of Columbia limestone sample from Skunk He 'ow area. Percent SiOo - - ...- - 0.41 Fe 2 3 — ....... 0.036 AI2O3 0.23 CaC0 3 — - - - 98.3 2 MgC0 3 - - 0.72 Gambetta deposit Location: Sec. 36, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., sec. 31, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., sec. 1, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., and sees. 6, 7, and 18, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 miles west-southwest of Rail- road Flat in the vicinity of the junction of Esperanza Creek with the North Fork of the Calaveras River. Own- ership: Calaveras Cement Company, 315 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California. This is one of the larger undeveloped limestone depos- its in the county. It was purchased by the present owner about 30 years ago. Since then it has been mapped in detail, and some diamond drilling has been done. The deposit consists of a number of discontinuous and parallel north- to northwest-trending east-dipping lenses that crop out for a distance of approximately 2 V2 miles along the strike. However, the bulk of the deposit is con- fined to one large lens that is nearly 2 miles long and ranges from 100 to as much as 1000 feet in thickness. The limestone is white to bluish-gray in color and ranges from a high-calcium variety to dolomite in composition. Some silica is present. The high-calcium limestone is coarse- grained, but the high-magnesium limestone and dolomites are fine-grained. Country rock is slate, metachert, and schist of the Calaveras formation. In the central portion of the main lens the footwall is dolomite and magnesian limestone and the hanging wall is high-calcium limestone. This high-calcium horizon is at least 2500 feet long and averages 500 feet in thickness for more than half its length. Another extensive high- calcium portion of this deposit is in the northwest portion where a lens is 2500 feet long and 200 to 300 feet thick. The following is an analysis made by the Calaveras Cement Company of a sample taken from the north end of the deposit: SiO', Fe20-s Al 2 3 CaO MgO P2O5 4.70 0.48 1.21 50.49 1.42 0.13 Jesus Maria-Rich Gulch deposits There are a number of limestone lenses in the Jesus Maria-Rich Gulch area of north-central Calaveras Coun- ty (see fig. 13). Twelve are shown on the Jackson folio (Turner, 1894, plate 3). The Gambetta deposit, which is described separately in this chapter, is the largest in the area. The other deposits range from a few hundred to several thousand feet in length. Little is known of their composition, but those that crop out along the road west of Jesus Maria are composed largely of white to bluish- gray dolomite and are cut by numerous quartz veins and diorite dikes. ]04 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Kentucky House deposits and Mokelumne Hill (see fig. 13). These include the A series of north- to northwest-striking limestone Gale Ranch, Le Clerq, Markwood, McNamara, Penn, lenses extends from approximately 1 mile north of the Watt and Field, and Young deposits which were de- Calaveras Cement Company plant at Kentucky House scribed briefly by Logan in 1947 (Logan, 1947, pp. 217- southward for a distance of about 4 miles. The lenses 218). All have been idle for many years, but at one time consist of dolomite and various amounts of high-calcium lime was manufactured in stone limekilns at several of The most extensive deposit is the northern- the deposits. Later several were mined for fluxing ma- most lens, which contains Calaveras Cement Company's terial, which was used at the Penn copper smelter at Quarry no. 1 (see Calaveras Cement Company in this Campo Seco. The principal sources of smelter flux were chapter). According to plate 3 of the Jackson folio the Penn deposit, which was reported to have yielded Turner, 1894), this deposit is Wi miles long and nearly 15 ' 000 tons, and the McNamara deposit which yielded 1400 feet thick. It contains several en echelon lenses of 3,000 tons (Logan, 1947, p. 218). high-calcium limestone ranging from one-half to three- These deposits are northwest-striking lenses, most of quarters of a mile in length and 300 to 500 feet in thick- them averaging several thousand feet in length and sev- ness. The dolomite, which includes some crystalline mag- eraI hundred feet in thickness. They are in a northwest- nesite contains 40 percent or more magnesium carbonate. trending belt of slate and schist of the Calaveras forma- There are at least five other lenses to the south that range "on. The limestone is fine-grained and white to light from less than 1000 to more than 2000 feet in length and blulsh S ra Y m coIor - Few chemical analyses are available are as much as 500 feet in thickness. although two samples taken by C. A. Logan in 1943 were reported as follows (Logan, 1947, p. 218): M urphys deposit Analysis of limestone from McNamara, and The extensive Murphys deposit lies northwest, north, Watt and Field deposits. and east of Murphys and is just north of the Columbia McNamara deposit Percent limestone belt. According to the Big Trees folio (Turner Insoluble __.. .__.. 2.99 and Ransome, 1898), the main limestone body is an irreg- Ferric and aluminic oxides 1.21 ular northwest-trending lens approximately 4 miles long, ?„ alclur ^ carbon i ate 89 -J? ... , °__ r u -i • Magnesium carbonate 5.63 which ranges from 1000 feet to more than a mile in width. Several smaller lenses lie to the north. . . . . Watt and Field de P osit » . . ... , -. /-, • . ■ i- Insoluble 2.23 It is similar in character to the Columbia limestone. Ferric and a i uminic oxides L29 Country rock is graphitic mica schist, and there is schist Calcium carbonate 93.10 in portions of the limestone. It is also cut by diorite dikes, Magnesium carbonate 3.02 and at the Oro y Plata gold mine, there are sulfide-bearing .. • ii" » * >"> i Manganese gold-quartz veins in the limestone. Mercer s Cave, a noted . tourist attraction, is in this deposit. This deposit has not The total recorded output of manganese ore inCala- vet been mapped in detail, and the high-calcium portions v u eras flinty ?, . ^ V™' W . J^ ""S? tu^ have not yet been delineated. the Pf"° d 1942 " 46 (Trask « al ". 19 . 50 ' f" 10 >' Th ^ The following are analyses made by Abbott Hanks are 17 know " P~spects and deposits in the county. All Companv of San Francisco of limestone samples taken J" 5 small and most of them have not been productive, just west of Mercer's Cave: Detalled descriptions of the manganese deposits and pros- pects in Calaveras County appear in California Division Sample no. Si0 2 Fe 2 O s Al 2 3 CaO MgO P 2 5 of Mines Bulletin 152 (Trask et al., 1950, pp. 38-47). A MU-l .23 .05 .14 52.59 2.59 trace short description also appears in the tabulated list at the MU-2 .17 .11 .10 49.87 4.93 .01 end of this report. MU-3 .27 .02 .21 53.87 1.40 .03 n ■ v i • /- i /- MU-4 23 07 25 54 64 2 28 trace Primary manganese minerals in Calaveras County, con- MU-5 ill .07 .12 54.02 1.25 .01 sisting of rhodonite, spessartite, and rhodochrosite, mostly MU-6 .32 .09 .28 53.57 1.61 trace are weathered to black manganese oxides (pyrolusite and psilomelane). The pre bodies consist of mixtures of black The following analyses are of samples taken at the oxides and primary minerals in veinlets and disseminations south edge of the town of Murphys. in sc hist and recrystallized chert of the Calaveras forma- Sampleno. SiOo Fe 2 3 Al 2 3 CaO MgO P 2 5 tion ; some are in chert and metavolcanic rocks of the MU-7 73 .07 13 54 88 38 trace Amador group. Nearly all of the deposits in Calaveras MU-8 1.09 .18 .40 54.45 .41 .01 County are limited in extent, and the ore bodies rarely MU-9 1.61 .16 .64 53.53 .69 .07 extend to depths of more than a few feet. MU-10 .46 .09 .20 54.70 .57 .01 MU-11 .28 .07 .15 55.07 .42 .01 Mineral Paint MU " 12 - 31 - 07 - 45 54.73 .53 .01 F rom 1894 to i 91 3 a tota i f \^j 6 tons f mineral paint valued at $13,958 was produced in Calaveras Valley Springs- Mokelumne Hill deposits County. There was some output in 1915 and 1917, but There are a number of west-belt limestone deposits in figures are not available. Most of the mineral paint was northwestern Calaveras County between Valley Springs obtained from the Valley Springs - Campo Seco area, 1963] Calaveras County 105 where yellow to dark-red ochre is found in northwest- striking beds of decomposed slate and schist. Apparently the chief source was the Late ochre mine half a mile west of Valley Springs (Aubury, 1906, p. 338). Molybdenum In 1957 some molybdenum concentrates were produced at the Moore Creek tungsten mine in the Garnet Hill area in northeastern Calaveras County. The concentrates were recovered by selective flotation (see Moore Creek mine in chapter on tungsten). At this property, appreci- able quantities of molybdenite (MoS 2 ) and minor amounts of powellite (CaMo0 4 ) are associated with scheelite and copper sulfides in tactite. The molybdenite commonly is in coarse flakes and foliated masses an inch or more across. It also is found in disseminated form in some of the granitic rocks adjacent to the tactite. Smaller amounts of molybdenite are found in tungsten ores at the Garnet Hill mine, but there has been no com- mercial production from this property. Molybdenite was fairly common in parts of the Bull vein at the Carson Hill gold mines (Knopf, 1929, p. 76), and it was found in sulfide-rich gold ore at the Hale mine near Angels Camp (Murdoch and Webb, 1956, p. 230). Nickel* There is no recorded production of nickel from Cala- veras County. However, because nickel is genetically associated with ultrabasic igneous rocks, possible nickel- bearing areas in Calaveras County are well defined. The principal ultrabasic rocks, peridotite, dunite, and pyroxe- nite, as well as serpentine derived by alteration of these types, contain noteworthy trace amounts of this element, in most places about 0.2 percent nickel. Large bodies of serpentine in Calaveras County are situated near Valley Springs and Copperopolis (see figs. 15, 16). Serpentine, a rock composed principally of magnesia, silica, and iron oxide, most commonly is a sheared, pale bluish-green rock that weathers to a brownish-red color. Asbestos and disseminated chromite and magnetite fre- quently are in it. Weathering of exposed surfaces of serpentine during early Tertiary time produced a deep lateritic soil, a residual soil from which silica and magnesia have been leached, and in which hydrous iron oxides and aluminum hydroxides have been concentrated. In many Sierran areas laterities were developed on surfaces of low relief, and much of the leached silica and magnesia were rede- posited at shallow depths as chalcedony, jasperoid, opal, and magnesite. Part of this silicified mantle has been removed by erosion, and part has been obscured by younger volcanic rocks. The laterite in the Sierran foothills is of interest be- cause it is similar in origin to lateritic nickel deposits throughout the world, including those that are worked commerciallv. EXPLANATION Culture adopted from USGS Volley Springs (1941) ond Sutter Creek (1944) quadrangles, serpen- tine contocts generalized from H. W Turner (1894)., loter.te mopped by G B Cleveland, (1954) '/M Silicified lateritic montle, MM contocts grodotionol Serpentine * Based on a preliminary investigation of nickeliferous laterite in the Sierra Nevada foothills by George B. Cleveland and Salem J. Rice, Division of Mines, 1954. Figure 15. Map of Valley Springs area showing distribution of serpen- tine and laterite. The lateritic remnants in the Sierra Nevada foothills consist of three distinct zones that grade into one another, although all three zones have not been observed in the same outcrop. The basal magnesite zone contains mag- nesite in the form of dense, white veins in serpentine below the intensely weathered or silicified zone. The intermediate silicified zone is characterized by a dense boxwork and massive silicified serpentine composed of brown and bluish-gray chalcedony. The upper iron-oxide zone, observed only in a few residual patches, consists of a basal layer of dark yellowish-orange limonite, and a surface layer composed principally of reddish-brown, porous hematite. In Calaveras County most of the evidence of lateritic weathering consists of leached silica-boxwork and silici- fied serpentine capping hills in the Valley Springs and O'Byrnes Ferry areas. This resistant material, commonly 100 feet or more thick in hill-top remnants, contains sparse veins of garnierite and chrysoprase, but the aver- age nickel content of sampled outcrops is about the same as that of the underlying serpentine. Thus erosion has removed most of what was probably a more or less con- tinuous lateritic mantle, and leaching since early Tertiary time has probably removed much of the nickel concen- trated in the mantle at that time. 106 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 Sihcified later i tic mantle, contacts gradational Serpentine. Byrnes Ferry M r DIABLO BASE LINE Culture adapted from US G S Copperopohs quadrangle (1941 ), serpentine contacts from Taliaferro and Solan (1948); laterife mapped by G B Cleveland, (1954 ). Figure 16. Map of Copperopolis area showing distribution of serpen- tine and laterite. Platinum Metals For a number of years, a few ounces of platinum and related metals were recovered annually as a by-product of placer gold mining. Most of this was from bucket-line gold dredges in the Calaveras River near Jenny Lind and the Mokelumne River near Camanche (Logan, 1925, p. 163). The largest yield, 54 ounces valued at $2,433, was in 1917. None has been produced in the county since 1941. Although platinum-group metals are believed to have been formed originally in basic and ultrabasic intrusive rocks, they are known in Calaveras County only as alloys in smooth thin flakes and small rounded nuggets in placer deposits. The proportion of platinum metals to gold in these deposits usually is small. Precious and Semi-precious Minerals A number of fine mineral specimens have been found in Calaveras County. Probably the best known have been the specimens of native gold in quartz that have been taken from some of the Mother Lode mines and many of the East and West belt mines. The largest and most famous specimen was the 195-pound mass of gold found at Carson Hill in 1854. Also, a number of large nuggets have been taken from placer deposits; a 94-ounce gold nugget was found south of Campo Seco in 1854. Good quartz crystals have been found in Chili Gulch south of Mokelumne Hill and at the McSorley Ranch (see chapters on Quartz crystal and Placer gold). A 5-inch flawless sphere and a 7-inch flawed sphere were cut from quartz taken from this area (Murdoch and Webb, 1956, p. 277). Buried gravels at Chili Gulch also have yielded considerable amounts of rich white opal. Moss agate has been taken at Stockton Hill. Another noted locality in Calaveras County is Garnet Hill, where for years excellent specimens of coarsely crystallized garnet and epidote have been collected. Crys- talline specimens of calcite and aragonite are found at many of the limestone deposits in the county and at Carson Hill; stalactites are found in some of the limestone caves. Appreciable quantities of specimen material of copper minerals, including azurite, chrysocolla, chalcan- thite, and covellite, have been taken from mines in the Foothill copper belt. Gold tellurides were reported to have been recovered during the early days of mining at Carson Hill. In addition, other minerals occasionally are found as good specimen material in Calaveras County— mariposite and ankerite from Mother Lode gold mines, kammererite and uvarovite from some of the chromite deposits, rhodo- nite from manganese deposits, and pyrite and other sulfide minerals from gold and copper mines. Quartz Crystal Quartz crystals for use in the manufacture of quartz crystal oscillators have been mined at Chili Gulch, 2'/ 2 miles south of Mokelumne Hill. The piezoelectric prop- erties of certain large flawless quartz crystals permit a precise control of the frequency in radio transmitters and other electronic equipment. Crystals suited to this appli- cation are rare and in great demand during times of national emergency. Most of the State's quartz crystal output has been from the Rough Diamond and the Green Mountain drift mines on the east side of Chili Gulch. Quartz crystal mined here in 1897-98 was used as ornamental material (Kunz, 1905, pp. 64-65). A small amount of work was done again during World War I. In World War II several thousand pounds of quartz crystal were mined from these properties, but only a small fraction of this was of elec- tronic grade (Wright, 1957, p. 460). For descriptions of the Green Mountain and Rough Diamond drift mines refer to the chapter on Placer gold. 1963 Calaveras County 107 Quicksilver Cinnabar (HgS), the principal ore of quicksilver, has been reported to be present in small amounts at the Oro y Plata gold mine north of Murphys (Turner and Ran- some, 1898, p. 8). There has been no recorded quicksilver production in Calaveras County. Silica Vast quantities of silica— largely in the form of quartz sand, but also to a lesser extent in quartzose gravel and massive quartz veins— are present in Calaveras County. Since 1957 large amounts of silica sand have been pro- duced at Camanche by Pacific Clay Products and shipped to the San Francisco Bay area for use in the manufacture of glass containers. In 1924 quartz was mined from a massive vein at the Iron Rock claim at Carson Hill (Logan, 1925, p. 170). The Eocene lone formation covers an area of about 4 square miles in the northwest portion of Calaveras County. The upper member of this formation, which consists of clayey sand, is mined at Camanche. In this area the sand covers hundreds of acres and is 150 or more feet thick. Quartzose gravel that was deposited in early Tertiary channel deposits is abundant in Calaveras County, especi- ally in Chili Gulch where there are extensive accumula- tions of hydraulic mine tailings containing a high per- centage of quartz pebbles, cobbles, and boulders. Massive quartz veins are present along the Mother Lode gold belt and to the east and west. However, those most suitable as a source of silica are at Carson Hill and Chaparral Hill, where there are massive veins of white "bull quartz" tens of feet thick and several thousand feet in length. Many East belt and West belt veins are too limited in extent and contain too many impurities to be suitable as sources of silica. Along the extreme southwest border of Cala- veras County on the Echandi Ranch is an undeveloped massive quartz vein approximately 100 feet long and 30 to 40 feet wide. Pacific Clay Products* Location: Sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 10 W., M.D.M., 1 mile east of Camanche and 1 mile south of the Mokelumne River. Ownership: Frank Genoccio and Mark Davis, Camanche, California; leased to Pacific Clay Products, 1255 West 4th Street, Los Angeles; J. D. Fredericks, president, and H. W. Coke, plant superintendent. Since the Spring of 1957, silica sand has been produced here by Pacific Clay Products and shipped to the San Francisco area, where it is used in the manufacture of glass containers. Clay-bearing sand is mined in an open pit and piped to a recently erected modern plant, where it is processed by classification and flotation. The com- pany has approximately 400 acres under lease. Raw material is obtained from an upper member of the lone formation. The deposit has been explored by about 40 drill holes ranging from 200 to 300 feet in depth, most of which did not reach bedrock. The sand horizon has an average thickness of about 1 50 feet and lies on clay, below » Since the writing of this report the town of Camanche has heen leveled and the plant auctioned, in preparation for construction of Camanche Dam. Photo 40. Pacific Clay Products sand-clay pit at Camanche. The hydrau- lic pit is in the center foreground. Camera facing east. which there is additional sand. There is a soil overburden of about 5 feet. The sand and clay beds dip about 2° SW. The sand contains an average of 5 percent clay min- erals, but there are thin beds of clay within the sand. The crude sand contains an average of 75 to 80 percent quartz, 15 to 20 percent feldspar, 3 percent heavy min- erals, and 1 percent pebbles and fragments of chert and quartz. The sand grains are subangular to angular. Mag- netite, ilmenite, and zircon are by far the -most abundant of the heavy minerals. Other heavy or dark minerals, in decreasing abundance, are tourmaline, garnet, staurolite, rutile, epidote, and pyrite. Recovery of fine silica from the minus 200-mesh waste fractions is being planned. Also investigations of the clay, quartz-flotation rejects, and heavy minerals are being made (H. W. Coke, per- sonal communication, 1958). «5** ' Photo 41. Yard stockpile and building at the Pacific Clay Products silica plant at Camanche. Camera facing west. 108 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 *"^X \ ^Scalping screen rTTTTTTh X + 8mesh ^ waste -200 mesh H a r d i n g e boll mill 30-mesh screen Vacumn filter s h i p ment * Q -2 O o c <-> 5 - s * t O 3 fc ° oU -Q 0) E E o u c o Z -a o S s T3 C 3 et shot test: 23.8-24.1. Esti- mated sieve analysis: 10% re- tained on 6' screen 2% retained on 18' screen. ^d rt-o o<^i a ""OO In ■s •si 3 3.2 2 -a to Cct a sag « 2S h 3 *i: o c ■- '3 S ue at 0.1' in soaked, d sample adjusted to s-4 mesh =85%. Ma- shed to — 114" when •6 v 11 B a l» « o o Ph d cS § "a 8^, E = o §11 ^ --a front-end loader and >8. Largest fragments bed; 3 dumps. See pring mine. 1 "3 s B O -— -6 c« W •Sss .safe?!!! ™ ceo *S « oj o »o I&2 j£ O Q, ■SB S h3 >iBi J3CO ■giil a > a S is s CQ S Ph It CO s o eM " CO l>- CO CO s •** CO CO OO CO oo CM ' H o o ^t< OS CO •^ © 1—1 ^^ ^^ o r- CO — »o CO CO os 1 s »o ^ ■^ ^ •^ CO ^ OS CO t^. CO ^ ~" -V ^* ■^ "^ TJ- t>- ^, CM ^^ «*< «M CM CM .2 u 00 OS CM CM CM >> o 25 •«*< r— __, CO CO CO t>- CM CM CO CO CO CO > 4J ^ oo c/3 ■■--■ a. CM CM CO ** os ■^ 4fl ■* s; CO OS CO CO a ^ CO iO OS i^. ^ !>. ^ ■* -f CO OS CO © CO OO f ^ © CO oo 8 h- »o ■* «3 w OS © r* CO S * CO CO 8 os ^ c o X CO CM © OS cm CO (^ c» OO CO co ■a CO © oo CM OS © « 5 OO CO oo GO CO 3 © © CO US © © tSH "3 CO o "2 II Wco s CO & 00 fl s s O CM CM CM*05 II 1 o no CO o" OS N -CO II S"j O i CO Qcocm II - < o CM cm" CM CO =7 © CO " II II II CM* ° || II CO CM II CM --co W «s W w a >) hJ CO D» Q S2^; CO CO Q Oh © £«©. S| OO » II 5 s r^ "^ oo oo oo 4 CO II 3W I'll II Ho 5^ "il^S w. II CO II r- II Q QtfJ Qtf P4 0^;^ ffl PS Q «3 B -a > •a'-S T3 -o 4> f.4 -o ^^ a*9 gp^ go^-N o^-^ = g^ -Oo — T3-T3— , O =co >»o«2 4- coo s+ffi S-gS >>©oo >> >>CO >^ >iCO © © -^ E _uj©-r S-S-S S*S os O "3 ,— . ^-, "^ © © 2" •--* T -~ - ^.^^ l-l-^ w COtJ^ ,-. 4>^ -H*0 -— ' CO co^-- 3 T3 ■a rt B 3 i > CO s Oh CO* 3 rt gPn °* 5i c ^ CB s a 13 J a 3 "gcd < CO >> B a o CO s P4 c 1 -a c 0) a s B ■5, o il cfl o .St co' s 05 .3 bit E i > > C ^ C W3 M>a-a.a (3 O H > s 2 ■o ca a. Si B bo a -l fee c o> a a> > m > Ml o aJ 3 U •U M Ul 2 -".= g.-g g oP I? ■II '3 3 Eg 'c4 bC M B."« g aJ bO o Q o o O S tf w Ph B S S S o o a © co" CM CM CO •S - o CO CO ai CO CM CO CO CM CO CO A 4 © o CM is CM J 5* CO is & W CM CO CM CM CO CO CO 7, CO CO CO y. CO & 2; co coco *J i) rt a bo bo t_ £ c B 1 »-o 'a £ a O O) .too -CM = CO 3Q i-o-sa-^s BOD >.oo E-SOO CO.S°? fl"-* CM O Os m © a o .=a -»: ■< < < CQ DO PQ PQ w pq pa PQ 1963 Calaveras County 113 •52 6 •5« 25^8 Q CM c O CO DQ.> i E 2 : I oO. 5f Si" ^S5?pi £13 Mod M l- O M " *a 5 •- OS c_ -*© Sr-c-u 5: £ bo ^ « o robal)ly meant adjat ner" mine, as Crys insignificant dum value at 0.1" in s( pacted sample = serves in irregular p laterial contains 13.C in place. Consolida will require drillin Bulldozing, drilling Slight overburden. II -a Us i m - ~ - « - - CO »c ao CO OO OO CO © o © 2 C4 © o -r CO CM id - © CO CO CO cm OO CO CO CM CM CO © T *- CO co t^ " CO CO CM t- - uo cO CO «3 OS UO OS CM © © O CO © s 1^ CO OO £ 2 © © © CM CO CM CO r^ OO CM 3 CO © © £ CM © © CO t^. CM o CO r- s CD CM © © © © »ft s OO OO CM cm i^- CO^J* .„ ° >>„ ;,--H -"coco ©©CO "O© ** O *£ © © ^£? >>© ^O©© f O® O - OO* — "* C CO cm" »-H t o OO o © © oo 1ft Za>; - «D O "5 0>Q > © "5 co^ft gq2 §2 ■^ .- . -s-a © -— ^ -Did '-v o© >, >,oo _)__)_ _* Oi ©• © © © © O ,_i OOh © © — ' •— *— — i ■—■ CM CO o©^ 2 s So; to 3 >» -r - S 1" >> en ^5 c .- o .E5 ited water-laid M nd; angular fragmi 2" uncommon; o thin clay beds; borrow. en .¥ M -a a* 1 I E • ..s a) CO .£ «T3 '■jSP, •a §« M .5 o. o - =S * J l m ' S £ £ M p « g-S 3"B ft '5 ^K= ■iq S) rj O S U Q « H .Em 32 = ^i ^S =3 C s .« ed c i s Eco" c K £^ ■9.S.-3 &-o 3 c Sf "tl ■- zz s: = > a S b a* SS o 3 Bo l. as »;o a q cH 'a U. b, O |q 2'Iq |'eq 1 to lo O O O X X X 114 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 o D -o >v -c a ~a c D in ~a (li Of i/i j D c >v c O) o o L o 0) X 0) tj c * to o n -c to to ■x >x D c * 3 -r o U 05 D o 0) q D o n U > U 0) o q 3 O o * D n u L. X to -o ai i- n 3 () u 0) E E o u C o Z -2 o 3 S- 8 bO— |o . * -o T3 03 © CO a a soaked, 7„. Bear- and re- er Lode isists of Springs n3J3 £ 3 * .si -3 =3.5 Us J3 § W a = 2 o ^ t II ■"! « on s a ■2-S J3 •S <" o > 1^ 8 rt "3. _oj"-0 CO CM CO >> -OX) IS >> •- •gg CO 99 > O (B-S-S ^ a 5 wo. ■1 a § 2- m o c o S o CO © § CO CM >o M s w\ «! 40 ■^ «i & CD CO CO © -f -"2 c ^ CO >c — ■* CO ^ s %• CO t^ "^ W *s c -" 10 2 oe OS CO CO V rt s .£» £ OS Oi w s^ s" id © © . t -- CM to J3 CO CO =0 CO o J3 O 2 s 2 T3 a> -o s s W a so CS ,-4 £ fe .„*>■ £T°° "^^ cm'^ CO ©^ CM <© »":© & CM — < « II p. II II © II CM o ft q3 Q ©O0 ■- " © u 3sF> II CM •-C' AS 11 1^ J, CO CM *^ o Jl » it 5£s > CM co ._ II II -* Qo5d aJ as S3 44 3 *a >> l_ 2 >» •o-g -~ gu»o> < 4>o« © - o> ©O — . -.2gS sTSS + >> £ <=0 tOO SSJ1S-I2 oo o"2 ° ^r ■f-s|s °2 ° 2 -I- coo gc.o ■si? a £ S2 SS2 tot: k2 — CM O.— •— t- ^-- m ■—* »« — CO «u -^ — — ^ -r^ V 13 3 u .2 § ca W.g c o bb __ >>f ai *!.££ .■§§ >,b0 *4^ s o -a o p, S w '3 W 1 s £ c5 o- M cr!o .a a.^ "2 cfl ia 3 ■3-Sl g-e 1 rt 2 a- ""g- : . c ■ - s bD B =3 > 60 bo C ■ - "2 .si s -liii £ "« CT'-S SI __ c be t S "*■ %.£ .SB ^ H « a; S O s O X s Q Q S « c o -tn bO C o CO © OS Z2 ^ 2 CM -r H 2 -^ c^ ^ o "? 00 "5 •4* 1 »o 1 CM J" T (J ■"• CM ■f """ CM CM CO CM CO CM CO _" ^ S fan « ^ < ^^ ^^ ^ Ed ^\ ^ * ^ =: w <0 -i\ fs CU wg wg W W s w w S5 ai w Ol Ol ai2; 03^ T, M 7: M z COM as £ a CO o ^ a J 05 •So ai a '1 H^o c fe~ is >'"T H oJ CM CM a a -cSi *~ CM 0J c^ CM ^CJ * CO s2 Id §Q ^ £Q =JW rtQ V,Q ^Q Sq &Q -fa ^•Q W w "-3 ■-s W M i5 s ^ s ^-. <--. -*, s O 1963 Calaveras County 115 c 5'S'S ■ c ^ c c a"S c-o'3 sis § §• 03 r= rt <"* o £-; won 55 S o O-O" ^ ! - I --s-g V <"-"3 -a * m * "(c ' J -" -M ." to cm e c SO S 5 a 7 _D « §> MCI rt « a? ■513 • W3 r— CJ 1- OS CO 00 *rf O CM C* -r CM - -p «5 3 CO O CO co " CO -"->■< O CM OS GO CM OJ iO os t— s CO CO QO CM CM CM W5 CM CM QO •o O 2 © 01 CO CO CO co QO CM CM CO lO «o CO CO CO * O O 6? r-- 00 O O CO CO CO 3 00 a efl CO 01 O O s s 8 3 O T3 a _c _2 s J3 O C cd CQ 2 a »£s I "if? Sg "go J," II « >o So "O 00* "O »C— i5» s^ • --S •c;< .— bO Mr/f •3 P rt "w "C 3 ■*S oj a> ■^c!* bb^— ' ™ O c^-^ M"E rt l« 1 c 1 0,02 D <=;— . 1 S*^ : set, ^-t CO 6 ,-. — +3 CO 55 •0 O SO is — erra Nevada Water and Power Co. D-147 a 2 a W CO :2 co lis &, 0" a c-3 5S •eo ■Sq O Ph 3 a _i3 — ' £3Q fc "" "" — Pi o _ 116 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 D "D D _o 'K -c a. *o c o Si D) O O U "s I ojt; c c 5 .a "> rf ^O C * 3 -C O O) 2 O 0) > n c o v> U a to o 3 o c o o U w x o -o ■*- 9) E E o o c o 2 en -Q 3 o U o o Ph •g-ss-g ■S 8 M .■S"s a S S Si IS So o H ■3 cS if* S 3 2 ■o — >, 11 OS o" .2 £ B «e** • as™ *°° ° ■ a " « » ^ a | a S - § a w o ti: o |§ . 2 a. o ? « O ^ o. 53 g -C S B S _a a CM §1 ^ % ^ -a ja Irfl 01 - — '■3 S "> a>^: a Oq £~° If C8 3 ^5 £ ill S5o'aS Mb 3 |< I CO s c5 p4 o - a a o J; £ S U3 , " H O CM C^I - © CO CO © © CM CM — i - CO "3 * o o CO ~H CM CO U5 CO o tO CM CM CO CM j3 S "3 CO tH o t- CM CO r- 00 CO t— 1-1 CO O CO -f r- © oo CM ™ J3 ■19 ao iO ■* kO CM _>. o 2-0 - -4-J ■^ CM V} r~ © »JO e8 ^j CM © CO a> a 83 « r CM CM oo CO "3 ^ o CM ^ OO kO o ■**< r- co CO t " oo oo ^ o 1 OS ^< •^ O0 ;? o -* OO *C a O cO CO OS ,_, OO oo © Ng OS © cm O0 © CO CD © CO oo cA t-- 8 II cm Pi O. r*. © oo"« oo o Tf US ■"»' CO CM cm' "rt rt II®. II II II "ot> oo » oo OO o CO "* Ph °?co ^- ^»2 Ill 3 coo §2 ooo >>coo 3 So w o *• © Is o"3 o S g-OOl CM.E" °S5-S > s a C f I ■5 J oa" d if a sis 3 JF E ^ 3 ° •" 'S g be 1 > 5 tc'S > 2 OS ti J5 -o *T3 ■Sfc o -a > OS »i 1 tf S CO a 5 S o O C o CO ^ CO T 2 "f 3 o -J C* X CM St ^ ^ CO CO W CO pE H •S CO CO ^ Z CO CO >. fa -H CJ J3 1- OS d d ^ to 00 Sco J3 T Jo" c ■2*7 •g*? •Sq > ■so •SQ •SQ §d H P ^ ? tS ^ a-i = age ed s d su vale has mum >mix tance -mixe equi eated .- rt m a cti Sat O ei 3 #4 #8 Carnation Carnation Linda pink pink gray 2VixlV4 Vzx Vs Vix Vs 100 94 28 3 1 100 100 97 63 33 17 2 99 76 38 19 2 Name Size, inches Sp.G. Absorption Loose wt. % Ihs./cu. yd. Carnation .... 2Vzx\Vi 2.14 2.06 Carnation .... Vzx Vs 9.7 1800 Linda .... Vix Vs 14.4 1800 Neilsen Gravel Plant Co. Location: NWtf sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., in Chili Gulch, about 2Y Z miles south of Mokelumne Hill; office and batching plant in San Andreas. Owner- ship: c/o C. W. Nielsen, San Andreas, California; Ray Neilsen, manager. The Neilsen gravel deposit consists of Recent stream gravel; tailings from hydraulic mining prior to 1900, and from dredging in the 1930s; and some virgin gravel of the Chili Gulch channel (see section on Placer gold). It has been worked for aggregate by the Neilsens since 1939. The gravel consists principally of quartzite, vein quartz, andesite, basalt, and lesser amounts of granite and schist. The sand is composed of quartzite, schist, quartz, and some hornblende and mica in the finer sizes. Gravel from this deposit meets Division specifications for mineral aggregate suitable for cement concrete structures. The following test c pit-run material from the Neilsen property are tv, information obtained from Division of Highways, Dis trict X office, Stockton: Analysis of pit-run material from Neilsen gravel deposit in Chili Gulch. Size, inches Sp.G. IVi Sieve analysis, % passing 17. S. screen No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 1 3 A Vs 4 8 16 30 50 J00 200 270 IViinch 2.69 100 H inch 2.50-2.61 sand 2.73 86 25 2 1 100 95 25 2 100 88 69 46 21 7 3 2 Absorption for the l'/i-inch gravel is 0.9 percent by weight. Soundness test, MgS0 4 , for the %-inch gravel is 5.1 percent loss. The organic-material test for the sand is satisfactory. Six sizes of gravel and two sizes of sand for aggregate, and four sizes of material for road fill, are prepared and marketed by the Neilsen Gravel Plant Co. The aggregate plant at Chili Gulch includes a trommel, crushers, vi- brating screens, and rake and spiral classifiers. A sluice with a quicksilver trap was installed late in 1957 to re- cover fine flour gold. In addition to this plant, a portable Willard batching plant is used frequently, and a 3-yard Noble batching plant for ready-mix concrete is operated in San Andreas. *r Photo 44. Neilsen sand and gravel plant. Yard stockpiles in foreground. Camera facing north. Pardee Dam Location: SW'/ 4 sec. 26, T. 5 N, R. 10 E., M.D.M., on the Mokelumne River. Ownership: East Bay Munici- pal Utility District, 2130 Adeline Street, Oakland 23. California. This company was active in Calaveras County during 1928-30 and 1934-35, when approximately 824,500 tons of sand and gravel were processed and used in construe- 120 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 tion of the Pardee Dam and Tunnel, Jackson Creek Siphon Spillway, the South Spillway, and other appurte- nances. The source of the sand and gravel was the placer tailings near Lancha Plana, which are situated in both Calaveras and Amador Counties. The gravel was excavated by dragline, then washed, sized, and delivered to bunkers by an overhead tramway. No crushed rock was produced. Peirano quarry Location: NW'/ 4 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile north of Angels Camp. Ownership: John P. Lemue, Angels Camp, California. Rhyolite tuff from this property reportedly was first quarried in the 1850s and was used as building stone for structures in Altaville, Angels Camp, and Vallecito (Heizer and Fenenga, 1948, p. 116). The quarry has been intermittently active since. During the 1950s it was leased first to Calaveras Concrete Products and then to the Jupiter Lumber Co. The rhyolite tuff is a fine-grained, tough, massive, grayish-white material that caps a small hill. It is 130 feet thick, roughly circular in shape, and about 500 feet in diameter. There is no overburden, and the tuff rests on late Tertiary gravels and green schist. Only the upper- most 20 feet of the tuff is quarried, as concrete blocks made from tuff below the 20-foot zone tend to crack and crumble at low temperatures. Lapilli of pumice are rare in the quarried rock, but are moderately common in the laver of tuff immediatelv below. ~_ K v Photo 45. Peirano rhyolite tuff quarry. Camera facing north. The quarry is on the south side of a low hill; it is 40 feet long, 25 feet wide, and 15 feet deep. The rock is blasted, trammed by hand to a small crushing and sizing plant, crushed, sized, and stored. Two sizes of crushed tuff are produced. The smaller size, minus % inch, is used in the manufacture of pink concrete blocks sold under the name "Tuftile"; the larger size, % to % inch, is used as road gravel, decorative gravel, and terrazzo. "Tuftile" is produced at the plant of Calaveras Concrete Products in Murphys, which has a capacity of 60 cubic yards of mix per day. However, the plant is not operated continuously, but only in response to demand for the product. Snyder quarry Location: SE'/ 4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., about 2 miles northeast of Valley Springs. Ownership: John Snyder, Valley Springs, California. Lessee: Pacific Ce- ment and Aggregates, Inc. (formerly Pacific Coast Aggregates, Inc.). Approximately 1500 tons of crushed rock were pro- duced from this property during 1954-55 by Tyrrell- Hannah Co. (B. Tyrrell, personal communication, 1957). The rock was trucked to Kerlinger in San Joaquin County, where it was crushed and sized by Pacific Coast Aggregates, Inc. Since 1955, this company has leased and intermittently worked the property directly, producing a modest amount of rock which also was crushed and sized at Kerlinger. Decorock, Inc., of San Francisco is the sales outlet for the finished material, which was used as roofing granules. The rock at this quarry is a brownish-yellow jasper, some of which has a sub-opaline luster. It forms a cap 10 to 12 feet thick, overlying altered serpentine. Approx- imately one third of the rock quarried was lost as dust and fines during crushing and sizing. The following data are an average of laboratory tests on this rock at Plant No. 4 of Pacific Cement and Aggregates, for 6 months ending July 1, 1957 (Lee Collins, Operations Manager, personal communication, 1957): Analysis of roofing granules from Snyder quarry jasper. Name Color Size, inches 1 lb Size analysis % passing U. S. Sieve 1 44 V2 % V4 #4 #8 Linda Linda brown brown 1VM4 100 61 20 100 1 96 70 40 22 3 Name Size, inches Sp.G. Absorption Loose xet. % Ibs./cu. yd. Linda lVix% 2.42 iAxVs 3.4 2200 Tellurium During the early operations at the gold mines at Carson Hill, tellurium-bearing minerals were encountered in quantity. Most were lost, however, in futile attempts to extract the gold. These minerals included petzite (Ag 3 AuTe 2 ), calaverite (AuTe 2 ), hessite (Ag 2 Te), sylvanite ( (Au,Ag)Te 2 ), altaite (PbTe), melonite (NiTe 2 ), and nagyagite (Pb 5 Au-(Te,Sb) 4 S r) _ 8 ). Minor amounts of native tellurium also were found. Calaverite was first discovered and identified at the Stanislaus mine (Murdoch and Webb, 1958, p. 82), and melonite at the Melones mine (Burgess, 1948, p. 89). Tellurium minerals also are present at the French wood mine at Robinson's Ferrv and the Ford mine just east of San Andreas, and CI ai ar the 1963 Calaveras County 121 per, native tellurium was reported to have been found near Angels Camp. Tungsten During 1953 and 1954 tungsten ore was mined in the Garnet Hill area in northeastern Calaveras County. The sources of production were the Garnet Hill and Moore Creek mines. However, because of low prices, the only present activity (1958) is a small amount of development work being done at the iYloore Creek mine. This is the only locality in Calaveras County where tungsten is known. The area was probably first prospected for copper during the 1860s, but for many years following it was best known for the fine garnet and epidote crystals that were collected here. Both mines were prospected for tungsten during World War II, but there was no re- corded production. Tungsten and various amounts of copper and molyb- denum ore minerals are in north-trending tactie bodies at the crest of Garnet Hill, and south of Moore Creek half a mile to the southwest. These tactie bodies are roof pendants in granodiorite and were developed by contact metamorphism when calcareous rocks were intruded by the granodiorite. The tactite consists of coarse-grained garnet and epidote with smaller amounts of calcite and quartz. Most of the granodiorite adjacent to the tactite is gneissic. The ore bodies are zones within the tactite that contain disseminated fine- to coarse-grained scheelite. These zones may be in or near the center of the tactite, or may extend across the entire width. Most of the scheelite grains are subhedral, but a few well-formed crystals several inches long have been found. Associated with the scheelite are various amounts of molybdenite, chalcopvrite, pyrite, and bornite. In some places masses of copper-bearing sulfides 1 to 2 feet in diameter have been found. At the Moore Creek mine coarse flakes of molvbdenite are abundant. Garnet Hill mine Location: Sees. 6 and 7, T. 7 N., R. 16 E., M.D.M., at the top of Garnet Hill, 2 miles west of Salt Springs Reservoir and approximately 25 miles by road east of Pioneer Station. Ownership: North American Tungsten, Inc., Gazette Building, Reno, Nevada. Little is known of the early history of this property, but it may have been prospected for copper during the 1860s. It long has been known as a source of fine garnet and epidote crystals. The property was prospected again during World War I, and during the 1920s and 1930s numerous mineral collectors visited the area. During World War II, the area was prospected for tungsten by a number of persons and concerns including the Garnet Hill Tungsten Syndicate (Jenkins, 1942, p. 312), L. A. Smith, and Marsman and Company, but there was no re- corded output. Also during this time, the property was briefly examined by the U.S. Geological Survey for the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (Paul Bateman, per- sonal communication, 1955). In 1953 and 1954, the mine was operated by the North American Tungsten Mining Company, A. L. Damon, president. Ore was mined in an open pit on the west tactite body and trucked to the mill at the Church mine, 5 miles south of Placerville, El Dorado Cc where it was treated by flotation. Concentrates were shipped to Bishop for sale. Operations ceased in 1954. and except for annual assessment work, the mine has been idle since. *V V Photo 46. Garnet Hill. This deposit is at the crest of Garnet Hill, a steep- sided dome-shaped peak just south of the Mokelumne River. Scheelite with various amounts of molybdenite and chalcopvrite are scattered sporadically in a series of north-striking parallel tactite bodies (see fig. 19). The most extensive tactite body, which is on the west side, is nearly 800 feet long and ranges from 20 to 35 feet in width. Two other major deposits lie to the east, and there are several smaller bodies. Country rock in the vicinity of the tactite consists chiefly of medium-grained gneiss with small amounts of quartz-mica schist and granodio- rite. Much of the tactite contains little or no scheelite, but locally it contains scheelite in extremely finely dis- seminated grains, and in a few places on the surface well- formed crystals as much as 2 inches in length have been found. Chalcopvrite containing minor amounts of gold and fine- to coarse-grained molvbdenite are irregularly dis- 122 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 / *g> dump 100 — 1= 200 =1 Gronodiorite Modified from mop mode by R. W. Reynolds, 1953 Gneiss and s ome schist Figure 19. Map of top of Garnet Hill 1963] Calaveras County 123 tributed throughout the tactite. The principal scheelite- bearing zone, which is in the west tactite body, is 20 to 25 feet wide and approximately 500 feet long. The ore that was mined in 1953-54 contained from 0.3 to 0.5 per- cent W0 3 (J. H. Wren, personal communication, 1958). The mine is developed by an open pit, several open cuts and an 80-foot adit, now caved, that extends south from the north side of the hill. Moore Creek mine Location: Sec. 7, T. 7 N.', R. 16 E., M.D.M., on the south side of Moore Creek and half a mile southwest of Garnet Hill. Ownership: Moore Creek Mining Company, P. O. Box 78, Pioneer, California; C. W. Decker, presi- dent. This property consists of a number of claims, the most important being the Moore Creek tungsten-molybdenum- copper mine. It is believed to have been prospected for copper during the 1860s, but nothing is known of these early operations. The property was prospected again during World War I, and a 40-foot adit was driven. In 1942, the property was prospected for tungsten by G. C. Bruce and C. R. Smith (Jenkins, 1942, p. 312), but there was no reported production. In the Fall of 1954, the newly organized Moore Creek Alining Company gained control of the property. This concern erected a mill and has operated the property since. In the Fall of 1955 as much as 40 tons of ore per day was mined and milled, but since the price of tungsten and copper fell in 1957, only intermittent development work has been done. Scheelite, molybdenite, and chalcopyrite, with smaller amounts of pyrite and bornite, are found in a series of discontinuous parallel lensoid tactite bodies. These bodies have a northeast strike, dip steeply to the southeast, and range from only a few' feet to about 30 feet in thickness (see fig. 20). So far, six such bodies have been exposed in the workings and by diamond drilling. Commonly, the tactite bodies are associated with several calcite-rich • ••*5j EXPLANTION Tactite.in plac< contains ore. Granodionte Gneiss and schist Colette rich zones 1 Diomond drill hole 20 40 80 =1 "W Photo 47. Mill at the Moore Creek tungsten-molybdenum-copper mine. FEET Figure 20. Map of the Moore Creek mine. zones. Country rock in the general area is medium- grained diorite, granodiorite gneiss, micaceous schist and massive granodiorite. The scheelite is moderately coarse- grained and is disseminated through much of the tactite. The copper sulfides, chiefly chalcopyrite, are erratically distributed in the tactite and are in irregular masses. Sev- eral masses more than a foot in diameter have been recov- ered. The molybdenite is in coarse flakes in much of the tactite and in fine flakes in disseminated form in some of the adjacent granodiorite. Ore mined in the Fall of 1955 contained an average of one-half percent WO :t (C. W. Decker, personal communication, 1955). The mine is developed by a main 150-foot south cross- cut adit, several hundred feet up the steep slope south of Moore Creek, from which several short drifts and cross- cuts have been driven. Approximately 105 feet above the main adit is the old 40-foot adit and a quarry approxi- mately 40 feet wide and 30 feet deep. At the mill, which is several hundred feet west of the main adit portal, the 124 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 ore was sent through a jaw crusher, Herman-type ball mill with a 16-mesh screen outside of the liners, and then to two rubber-deck Dunham tables where a tungsten concentrate was recovered. Table middlings, which con- tained the molybdenum and copper, were dewatered, sent to a conical ball mill, and then to a flotation unit. Flotation concentrates consisted of molybdenum, and the tailings contained copper, both of which were dried and stockpiled separately. Tungsten concentrates were cleaned by retabling and averaged 60 to 65 percent WO ;! . They were trucked to Fresno for magnetic separation and then sold in Bishop. Molybdenum concentrates were sold in San Francisco. Uranium Although there was some uranium prospecting in Cala- veras County from 1952 to 1956, the only known deposit was at the Union gold mine (see Union-Rathgeb mines under Lode gold). In 1887, acicular black crystals of uraninite with yellow uranium oxide were found as- sociated with a high-grade gold pocket on the 120-foot level (Logan, 1935, p. 147). In 1954, the Uravan Uranium and Oil Company of Salt Lake City, Utah, leased the property to explore for uranium. The Union shaft was cleaned out to a depth of 150 feet, but no uranium was found. BIBLIOGRAPHY American Journal of Mining, 1866-69, Some entries, vols. 1-7, (superseded by the Engineering and Mining Journal). Aubury, Lewis E., 1902 (1905), The copper resources of Cali- fornia: California Min. Bur. Bull. 23, pp. 187-198. Aubury, Lewis E., 1906, The structural and industrial materials of California: California Min. Bur. Bull. 38, 412 pp. Aubury, Lewis E., 1908, The copper resources of California: California Min. Bur. Bull. 50, pp. 228-245. Averill, Charles Volney, 1943, Strategic minerals, Sacramento district, Calaveras County: California Div. Mines Rept. 39, pp. 72, 139, 313-316, 552-555. Averill, Charles Volney, 1946, Placer mining for gold in Cali- fornia: California Div. Mines Bull. 135, pp. 235-254. Boalich, E. S., et al., 1920, The clay industry in California: Cali- fornia Min. Bur. Prelim. Rept. 7, pp. 43-44. Bovery, P., 1926, Mining on the Mother Lode in California: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 122, pp. 457-458. Bowen, Oliver E. Jr., and Crippen, Richard A. Jr., 1948, Geo- logic maps and notes along Highway 49: California Div. Mines Bull. 141, pp. 55-62. Bowen, Oliver E. Jr., 1949, Calaveras County: California Div. Mines Bull. 142, pp. 37-40. Bradley, W. W., 1903, Mill of the Melones Mining Company: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 86, no. 4, p. 53. Bradley, W. W., Huguenin, E., Logan, C. A., Tucker, W. B., and Waring, C. A., 1918, Manganese and chromium in California: California Min. Bur. Bull. 76, pp. 121-123, 216-217. Browne, J. Ross, 1867, Reports upon the mineral resources of the United States, 360 pp. Browne, J. Ross, 1868, Reports on the mineral resources of the States and Territories west of the Rocky Mountains for 1868: House Exec. Docs., no. 202, 40th Congress, 2d Sess. Brown, J. A., 1890, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 10, pp. 147-152. Brown, Horace F., 1903, New plant of the Royal Consolidated Mines Co., Ltd., Hodson, California: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 86, no. 21, p. 336. Burgess, John A., 1935, Mining gold on Carson Hill: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 136, no. 3, pp. 111-114. Burgess, John A., 1937, Mining methods at the Carson Hill mine, Calaveras County, California: U.S. Bur. Mines Inf. Circ. 6940, 15 pp. (mimeo). Burgess, John A., 1948, Mining on Carson Hill: California Div. Mines Bull. 141, pp. 89-90. California Blue Book, 1954, Calaveras County, pp. 657-658. California Division of Mines, 1956, The mineral resources of the lone formation: Mineral Inf. Service, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 1-5. Cater, Fred W. Jr., 1948, Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 134, Part III, Chap. 2, pp. 33-60. Chesterman, C. W., 1956, Pumice, pumicite, and volcanic cinders in California: California Div. Mines Bull. 174, pp. 36, 53. Clark, Lorin D., 1954, Geology of the Calaveritas quadrangle, Calaveras County, California: California Div. Mines Special Re- port 40, 23 pp. Clark, William B., 1955, Mines and mineral resources of San Joaquin County: California Jour. Mines and Geology, vol. 51, pp. 21-95. Crawford, J. J., 1894, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 12, pp. 66, 89-100, 391, 404. Crawford, J. J., 1896, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 13, pp. 57, 96-125, 527-528, 627. Dietrich, Waldemar Fenn, 1928, The clay resources and the ceramic industry of California: California Div. Mines and Mining Bull. 99, pp. 67-70, 263, 299, 316, 337. DeGroot, Henry, 1882, Hydraulic and drift mining: California Min. Bur. Rept. 2, p. 188. Durrell, Cordell, 1944, Geology of the quartz-crystal mines near Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras County, California: California Div. Mines Rept. 40, pp. 423-433. Egenhoff, Elisabeth L., 1949, The elephant as they saw it: Cali- fornia Jour. Mines and Geology, vol. 45, 128 pp. Engineering and Mining Journal, 1869-present, Some entries. Eric, John H., 1948, Tabulated list of Calaveras County copper deposits: California Div. Mines Bull. 144, pp. 218-223. Eric, John H., Stromquist, Arvid A., and Swinney, C. Melvin, 1955, Geology of the Angels Camp and Sonora quadrangles, Calaveras and Tuolumne Counties, California: California Div. Mines Special Rept. 41, 55 pp. Fairbanks, Harold W., 1890, Geology of the Mother Lode region: California Min. Bur. Rept. 10, pp. 23-90. Fairbanks, Harold W., 1896, Ore-deposits with especial refer- ence to the Mother Lode: California Min. Bur. Rept. 13, pp. 665- 672. Forstner, William, 1908, Copper deposits in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 96, pp. 743- 748. Haley, Charles Scott, 1923, Gold placers of California: Cali- fornia Min. Bur. Bull. 92, 167 pp. Hamilton, Fletcher, 1920, A review of mining in California during 1919: California Min. Bur. Prelim. Rept. 6, pp. 15-17. Hamilton, Fletcher, 1922, A review of mining during 1921: Cali- fornia Min. Bur. Prelim. Rept. 8, pp. 25-29. Hammond, John Hays, 1888, The milling of gold ores in Cali- fornia: California Min. Bur. Rept. 8, pp. 692-735. Hammond, John Hays, 1890, The auriferous gravels of Califor- nia: California Min. Bur. RepL 9, pp. 105-138. Hanks, Henry G., 1882, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 2, Part I, p. 8; Part II, p. 188. Hanks, Henry G., 1884, Copperopolis, Campo Seco, Satellite, and Sunrise copper mines: California Min. Bur. Rept. 4, pp. 148- 151. Heizer, Robert F., and Fenenga, Franklin, 1948, Survey of build- ing structures of the Sierran gold belt— 1848-70: California Div. Mines Bull. 141, pp. 91-164. Heyl, George R., 1948a, Ore deposits oi Copperopolis, Cala- veras County, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 144, pp. 93- 110. 1963] Calaveras County 125 Heyl, George R., 1948b, The zinc-copper mines of the Quail Hill area, Calaveras County, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 144, pp. 111-126. Heyl, George R., 1948c, Foothill copper-zinc belt of the Sierra Nevada, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 144, pp. 11-29. Heyl, George R., Cox, Manning W., and Eric, John H„ 1948, Penn zinc-copper mine, Calaveras County, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 144, pp. 61-84. Hinds, Norman E. A., 1952, Evolution of the California land- scape: California Div. Mines Bull. 158, 240 pp. Irelan, William Jr., 1887, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 6, Part II, pp. 27-42. Irelan, William Jr., 1888, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 8, pp. 121-157. Irelan, William Jr., 1890, The dry and seam diggings: California Min. Bur. Rept. 9, pp. 36-38. Jenkins, Olaf P., 1932, Geologic map of northern Sierra Nevada: California Div. Mines Rept. 28, pp. 279-298. Jenkins, Olaf P., 1938, Geologic map of California, scale 1"=8 mi., California Div. Mines, 6 sheets. Jenkins, Olaf P., 1942, Tabulation of tungsten deposits of Cali- fornia to accompany economic mineral map No. 4: California Div. Mines Rept. 38, p. 312. Jenkins, Olaf P., 1948, Geologic history of the Sierran gold belt: California Div. Mines Bull. 141, pp. 23-28. Julihn, C. E., and Horton, F. W., 1938, Mines of the southern Mother Lode region, part 2— Calaveras County: U. S. Bur. Mines Bull. 413, 140 pp. Kerr, M. B., 1900, Register of mines and minerals, County of Calaveras, California: California Min. Bur., 27 pp. Knopf, Adolph, 1906, Notes on the foothill copper belt of the Sierra Nevada: Univ. California, Dept. Geol. Sci. Bull., vol. 4, pp. 411-423. Knopf, Adolph, 1929, The Mother Lode system of California: U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 157, 88 pp. Levensaler, L. A., and Rohlfs, O. D., 1940, unpublished report on the Gwin mine, Calaveras County, 32 pp. Lindgren, Waldemar, 1911, The Tertiary gravels of the Sierra Nevada of California: U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 73, 226 pp. Logan, C. A., 1921, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 17, pp. 419-424. Logan, C. A., 1923a, Notes on the West Point district, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 18, pp. 15-21. Logan, C. A., 1923b, Calaveras County: California Min. Rept. 18, pp. 97-99. Logan, C. A., 1923c, Calaveras County: California Min. Rept. 19, pp. 16-18, 143-144. Logan, C. A., 1924, Calaveras County: California Min. Rept. 20, pp. 4-7, 76-80, 178. Logan, C. A., 1925, Calaveras County: California Min. Rept. 21, pp. 135-172. Logan, C. A., 1926, Copper in California: California Min. Bur. Rept. 22, pp. 372-376. Logan, C. A., 1935, The Mother Lode gold belt of California: California Div. Mines Bull. 108, pp. 125-152. Logan, C. A., and Franke, Herbert A., 1936, Mines and mineral resources of Calaveras County, California: California Div. Mines Rept. 32, pp. 226-364. Logan, C. A., 1947, Limestone in California: California Jour. Mines and Geology, vol. 43, pp. 216-219. McCoy, G. T., 1954, Standard specifications: California Div. of Highways. McCoy, G. T., Withycombe, Earl, and Harris, Milton, 1955, Construction manual: California Div. of Highways, 6th ed. Mining and Scientific Press, 1860-1921, Numerous entries, vols. 1-125. Mining World, 1952, California's Penn zinc mine: Mining World, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 21-24. Morse, F. B., 1887, Willard Mining Company: California Min. Bur. Rept. 6, Part 2, pp. 35-42. Bur. Bi Ik Bur. Moss, F. A., 1927a, Geologic map of the Mother Lode in the vicinity of Carson Hill, Calaveras County, California: unpublished doctor's thesis at Univ. of California, Dept. Geol. Sci. Library, Berkeley, California. Moss, F. A., 1927b, The geology of Carson Hill: Eng. and 1 Jour., vol. 124, no. 26, pp. 1010-1012. Murdoch, Joseph, and Webb, Robert W., 1948, Minerals of Cali- fornia: California Div. Mines Bull. 136, 402 pp. Murdoch, Joseph, and Webb, Robert W., 1956, Minerals of California: California Div. Mines Bull. 173, 452 pp. Neale, W. G., 1927, California: The mines handbook, 1926, pp. 425-562. O'Brien, J. C, and Crosby, J. W., 1950, Copper: California Div. Mines Bull. 156, pp. 300-307. Piper, A. M., Gale, H. S., Thomas, H. E., and Robinson, T. W., 1939, Geology and ground water hydrology of the Mokelumne Hill area, California: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 780, 230 pp. Preston, E. B., 1893, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 11, pp. 167-178. Ransome, F. L., 1900, Mother Lode district folio, California: U. S. Geol. Survey Geol. Atlas of the U. S., folio 63, 11 pp. Reid, J. A., 1907, The ore-deposits of Copperopolis, Calaveras County, California: Econ. Geology, vol. 2, pp. 380-417. Reid, J. A., 1908, Foothill copper belt of California: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 96, pp. 388-393. Rice, S. J., 1957, Asbestos: California Div. Mines Bull. 176, p. 53. Robbins, H. R., 1916, Flotation at the Calaveras Copper mine: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 113, no. 22, pp. 769-773. Ross, Arnold M., 1950, Twenty-five years of building the West, the story of Calaveras Cement from 1925 to 19 0. Calaveras Cement Company, San Francisco, 62 pp. Stanford Geological Survey, 1943, Geologic map of a portion of the Foothill copper belt, Calaveras County, California: Cali- fornia Div. Mines Rept. 39, pi. 8. Steffa, Donald, 1932, Gold mining and milling methods and costs at the Vallecito Western drift mine, Angels Camp, Califor- nia: U. S. Bur. Mines Inf. Circ. 6612, 13 pp. (mimeo). Stevens, H. J., 1911, The copper handbook, vol. 11, p. 1402. Storms, W. H., 1894, Ancient channel system of Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 12, pp. 482-492. Storms, W. H., 1900, The Mother Lode region of California: California Min. Bur. Bull. 18, pp. 100-127. Symons, Henry H., 1930, Mineral paint materials in California: California Div. Mines Rept. 26, pp. 152-153. Taliaferro, N. L., 1943, Manganese deposits of the Sierra Nevada, their genesis and metamorphism: California Div. Mines Bull. 125, pp. 277-332. Taliaferro, N. L., and Solari, A. J., 1948, Geology of the Cop- peropolis quadrangle, California: California Div. Mines Bull. 145, pi. 1. Tolman, C. F., 1935, The Foothill copper belt of California: Copper Resources of the World, 16th International Geological Congress, Washington, D. C, p. 249. Townsend, R. H., 1933, Method and cost of quarrying lime- stone at the plant of the Calaveras Cement Company, San An- dreas, California: U. S. Bur. Mines Inf. Circ. 6610, 11 pp. (mimeo). Trask, Parker D., et al., 1943, Manganese in California: Cali- fornia Div. Mines Bull. 125, pp. 106-108. Trask, Parker D., et al., 1950, Geologic description of the man- ganese deposits of California: California Div. Mines Bull. 152, pp. 38-47. Tucker, W. B., 1916, Calaveras County: California Min. Bur. Rept. 14, pp. 54-131. Turner, H. W., 1894, Jackson folio, California: U. S. Geol. Sur- vey Geol. Atlas of the U. S., folio 11, 6 pp. Turner, H. W., and Ransome, F. L., 1898, Big Trees folio, California: U. S. Geol. Survey Geol. Atlas of the U. S., folio 51, 10 pp. Turner, Mort D., 1951, Calaveras County: California Jour. Mines and Geology, vol. 47, pp. 314-316. 126 California Division of Minfs and Geology [County Report 2 Utley, H. F., 1957, High-solids conditioning and flotation in processing: Pit and Quarry, October, pp. 72-74, 100. von Bernewitz, M. W., 1913, Smelting at Campo Seco: Mining and Scientific Press, vol. 107, no. 23, pp. 897-898. Walker, G. W., Lovering, T. G., and Stephens, H. G., 1956, Radioactive deposits in California: California Div. Mines Special Rept. 49, pp. 28-29. Weed, W. W., 1906, Napoleon mine, Calaveras County: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 285, p. 106. Whitney, J. D., 1880, The auriferous gravels of the Sierra Nevada of California: Harvard College, Mus. Comp. Zool., Mem. 6, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Wiebelt, Frank J., and Ricker, Spangler, 1948, Penn mine slag dump and mine water, Calaveras County, California: U. S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 4224, 6 pp. (mimeo). Wiebelt, Frank J., Sanborn, W. C, Trengove, R. R., and Ricker, Spangler, 1951, Investigation of west-belt copper-zinc mines, El Dorado, Amador, Calaveras, and Mariposa Counties, California: U. S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 4760, 62 pp. (mineo). Wood, Richard C, 1955, Calaveras, the land of skulls. The Mother Lode Press, Sonora, California, 1st ed., 158 pp. Wright, L. A., 1950, Quartz crystal: California Div. Mines Bull. 156, pp. 206-208. Wright, L. A., 1957, Quartz crystal: California Div. Mines Bull. 176, pp. 459-462. Young, George J., 1921, Gold mining at Carson Hill: Fng. and Min. Jour., vol. 112, pp. 725-729. Young, George J., 1929, Drift mining at Vallecito: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 128, pp. 394-397. TABULATED LISTS The following is a tabulation of mines and mineral de- posits in Calaveras County arranged in alphabetical order by commodity and by name of mine and deposit. The tabulation contains six columns. The letters and numbers in the extreme left-hand column under the heading Map number refer to numbers on the plate on which the property is shown. Under Location are section, town- ship, and range numbers. All townships are north and the ranges east of the Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian. Also given are distances to the nearest towns. The individual listed as owner is not necessarily the sole owner, nor even a majority owner. Ownership refers to mineral rights where there is a separation of surface- and mineral-right ownership. Unless shown otherwise in parentheses fol- lowing the name of owner, the date of ownership of most of the properties in this report is 1958. The names and numbers in parentheses refer to the accompanying bibliography. The first number after the author's name is the year of publication, and is separated from the page reference by a colon. References are separated from each other by semicolons. In the case of several authors, only the senior or first one is shown here. "MSP", followed by a date, colon, and number, refers to Mining and Scientific Press, the month, day, and year of issue, and the page. [127] 128 California Division of Mines and Geology ANTIMONY [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references O ro y Plata . NEI/4 sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E, M.D.M. Mary Bess Norton c/o J. C. Scoles, Murphys (1 mile west of Mur- phys) Stibnite containing small amounts of gold and silver occasionally has been found in the veins. See also Lode Gold. ASBESTOS Jefferson Lake (American, California, Pa- cific, Voorhees) California . Nuner. . . . Pacific. Skipper. Turner and Lloyd (Skipper) Voorhees Sees. 15,16, 21,22, T.1 N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N. of San Andreas Sec. 15, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Jefferson Lake Asbestos Company, New Or- leans, Louisiana Not determined. Max Henley et al., Cop- peropolis Chrysotile asbestos in ser- pentine. (Tucker 1 6:55; Logan 23b:98-99; 25:1 63-1 64; 36:226-227,- Rice 57:53; herein.) See Jefferson Lake. Undeveloped prospect (Logan 36:227). See Jefferson Lake. See Turner and Lloyd. (Logan 25:164; 36:227,- herein). See Jefferson Lake. CHROMITE Alta. American As- bestos Bowie Estate. Burnham. . . . Burnham & Wilson Burns & O'Neill. Bushy Hill Chaparral . . Clary & Langford (Porter & Spring) Coffer, Trask and Stone SW/4 sec. 14, NEI/4 sec. 23, T. 2N.,R.12 E., M.D.M. NEi/4 sec. 16, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. SE of Copperop- olis Sees. 9, 16, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 12 E, M.D.M. Sec.9,T. 5N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of Railroad Flat Sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 12 E, M.D.M., 5 mi. N. of Copperopolis SEl/ 4 sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Copperopolis C. H.Williams etal., 632 11th St., Modesto American Asbestos Min ingCorp., 11 W. 42d St., New York, N. y. Bowie Estate, Copper- opolis J. H. Bowie, Copperop- olis (1936) Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Small pods and disseminated ore in serpentinized dunite and saxonite. Lens of massive chromite in serpentine. Lenses and pods of chromite in serpentine. Herein. Active many years ago when 52 tons of ore were produced. Mined from two 25-ft. shafts. (Cater 48:41). (Cater 48:44-45; herein.) Active in 1915, last worked in 1927. Developed by 40-ft. (?) shaft. (Logan 36:244; Cater 48:46-47.) See Mayflower. Some ore mined during World War I. Developed by open pit. (Cater 48:58.) See Walker. See Walker. Active prior to World War I and from 1 91 6 to 1 91 8; developed by two 50-ft. shafts and open cut. (Bradley 18:121,- Logan 25:165,- Cater 48:47.) See Stone. Last worked in 1918. Output was 225 long tons of ore. (Bradley 18:121,- Logan 25:165,- Cater 48:46.) ]W Calavf.ras County CHROMITE-Continued 129 Map No. D-9 D-10 D-11 D-12 D-13 D-14 D-15 D-16 D-17 D-18 D-19 D-20 D-21 Name of claim, mine, or group ungwooc Ellingwood and Vogelsang Fields & Stoker. Hinch. Location Holbrook & Mc Guire Liberty (McFall) Longton. Lowry . . . Madrid (True Blue) Mayflower (Burn- ham and Wil- son) McFall. McNamara. Neugebauer. Peri. Porter & Spring. NWI/4 sec. 9, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. NE of Copperopo- lis NWi/ 4 sec. 21, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. SEl/4 sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SE of Valley Springs SEl/ 4 sec. 24, T. 5N.,R. 10 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. N of Valley Springs Sec. 5,T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. , 3 mi. NEof Valley Springs SWi/ 4 sec. 3,T. 2N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., near Pool's Station, 6 mi. W of Angels Camp NEi/ 4 sec. 8,NW'/ 4 sec. 9 T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. NWi/ 4 sec.9,T. 1 N.,R. 13 E M.D.M., at Bean Gulch 5 mi. SE of Copperopolis Owner (Name, address) J. H. Bowie, Copperop- olis (1936) City of Stockton (1948) Sec. 30, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. N of Valley Springs SW'/ 4 sec. 21, T. 3 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. NW"/ 4 sec. 9, T. 1 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. SW/4 sec. 32, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NE of Valley Springs SEi/ 4 sec. 31, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NE of Valley Springs NW'/ 4 sec. 32, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. due E of Copper- opolis William Ellingwood, Valley Springs (1948) City of Oakland (1948) Jefferson Gillam, Valley Springs (1948) J. H. Bowie, Copperop- olis (1936) Bowie Estate, Copperop- olis (1948) Not determined. Geology Small pods of chromite gray serpentine. Not determined Adolph Genochio, Mur- phys Not determined Not determined. City of Oakland and Charles Neugebauer Not determined . Massive chromite in serpen- tine and sheared saxonite. Small lenses of massive chro- mite in serpentinized dun- ite. Small irregular chromite lenses in partly opalized serpen- tine strike N. 30° W. ; ore contained 31-35%Cr203. Irregular NW-trending chro- mite lenses and pods with kammererite crop out over 150 ft. along strike. Remarks and refetc Chromite pods in serpentine with asbestos strike NW and dip NE. Disseminated and massive chromite in serpentine. Small irregular chromite lenses and pods in serpentine with enstatite,- strike N. 25° W. Chromite lenses in serpentine near schist. Active during World War I; pros- pected during 1930s. Produced 1 tons of 45% ore. Developed by open cuts and adit. (Logan 25:165; 36:233; Cater 48:42.) (Cater 48:48-49; herein.) Active during World War I when over 200 tons of ore were pro- duced. Mined in open cut. (Cater 48:49.) Active during World War I; 48 long tons of 42% Cr203 ore shipped. Developed by open pits and 25-ft. shaft. (Cater 48: 51.) Active during World War I when 72 long tons of ore were pro- duced. Developed by open cut 100 ft. long. (Cater 48:50.) Active in 1905 and during World War I. Chrome used for furnace linings in copper smelter. De- veloped by open cuts and shafts. (Bradley 1 8:121-1 22, Logan 25:165; 36:233-234; Cater 48:47-48.) (Cater 48:42; herein.) Active during World War I when 228 long tons of 47% G2O3 ore were shipped. Developed by open pit and 2 inclined shafts 40 and 75 ft. deep. (Brad- ley 18:122; Cater 48:41.) See Stone. Active during World War I when 40% G2O3 ore was mined. Developed by open cuts and shallow shaft. (Bradley 1 8:1 22; Logan 25:165.) (Bradley 1 8:1 23; Cater 48:56-57; herein.) (Cater 48:42; herein.) See Liberty. (Bradley 18:122; Logan 25:165.) Active in 1942 when 6 tons of high-grade chromite was mined. (Cater 48:52.) Long idle. Developed by trenches and pits. (Cater 48:50-51.) Active 1916-17. Recorded pro- duction 71 long tons of ore. (Bradley 18:122; Logan 25: 165; Cater 48:45.) See Clary & Langford. 130 California Division of Mines and Geology CHROMITE-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references D-22 D-23 D-24 D-25 D-26 Stone (Coffer, Trask & Stone, Longton) SE'/ 4 sec. 23,SWl/ 4 sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M.,3 mi. NEof Copperopolis Charles Stone, Copper- opolis (1945) Chromite lenses as much as 3 ft. thick strike N. 25° W. ; also some disseminated chromite; in serpentine. frue Blue . Valenti. Vogelsang . Walker (Bushy Hill, Chaparral) Ward & Lyons . . SW'/ 4 sec. 2, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. due W of Murphys SWl/ 4 sec. 34, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. SE of Valley Springs Sec. 1 5, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. N of Valley Springs by Pardee Reservoir Charles Valenti, phys (1948) Mur- G. D. Vogelsang, Val- ley Springs (1948) B. C. Creswell (1948). A 1 - to 4-ft. massive chromite lens in sheared serpentine strikes N. 60° E.,- estimated to contain 200 tons of 28% chromic oxide ore. Lenses and pods of chromite are found for 230 ft. along NW-striking shear zone in serpentine and pyroxenite. City of Oakland (1948) N-trending lens of chromite as much as 1 4 ft. thick and 50 ft. long, in'saxonite. Last active during World War I; output 92 long tons of ore (Cater 48:46.) See Madrid. (Bradley 18:123; Logan 25:165.) Prospected during 1930s and 1940s; developed by trenches (Cater 48:57). Active during World War I when 229 long tons of 43-46% G2O3 ore was produced. De- veloped by open cuts. (Bradley 18:123; Logan 25:165; Cater 48:48.) (Bradley 18:123; Cater 48:47; herein.) Active during World War I when 1,299 long tons was produced. Mined in open cut. (Bradley 18:217; Logan 25:165; Cater 48:51-52.) CLAY D-27 D-28 D-29 California Pottery Co. Helisma Fireclay (Houts) Houts. . . . Nigger Hil Penn Snyder Texas Mining Co. D-30 I Valley Springs Pit Sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., '/, mi. N of Burson Sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Valley Springs E'/ 2 sec. 4, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., at Penn copper-zinc mine SWl/ 4 sec.6,NWi/ 4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 11 E. ; NEi/ 4 sec. 12,T.4N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., l'/oto2mi. N of Val- ley Springs T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M!, 2 mi. N of Valley : S'/ 2 sec I 3 10 E, 1., at Valley Spriny Not determined Not determined . New Penn Mines, Inc., 70 Pine St., New York 5, N. y. John Snyder, Valley Springs Not determined California Pottery Co., Niles Bed 8 to 15 ft. thick of blue and greenish lone fire clay with limonitic streaks and sand. A body of white-burning kaolinized schist 15 ft. thick, suitable for use as tile filler. Kaolinized sericite schist over- lying copper ore. lone clay. Undeveloped deposit of lone sandy fire clay and kaolin- ized sericite schist. See Valley Springs pit. Long idle. Developed by two open pits. (Boalich 20:43; Logan 25:167; Dietrich 28:69- 70, 305.) See Helisma Fireclay. Long idle. Developed by 250-ft. adit. (Dietrich 28:68, 263.) During operations of Penn copper smelter, 1899-1919, clay was used as refractory,- has low plasticity and strength. (Au- bury 06:211; Boalich 20:43; Logan 25:167; Dietrich 28:70, 316.) Pacific Clay Products leased prop- erty, mined about 7,000 tons of red clay per year in mid- 1950s, for use in manufacturing heavy clay products at Stockton plant. Large stockpiles of crude red and white clays prepared at two pits. (Dietrich 28-70, 263.) (Aubury 08:21 2; Tucker 1 6:234; Boalich 20:43-44; Logan 25: 167; Dietrich 28:68-69, 337; Logan 36:234; herein.) 1963 Calaveras County COBALT 131 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and refer*. Casey and Bach Sec. 7,T. 5N.,R. 12E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Mokelumne Hill Not determined Asbolite, a cobalt-bearing wad, occurs in 16-inch quartz vein which pinches out at 6-ft. depth. Prospect developed by shallov. shaft. (Logan 25:142.) B-249 Mar John (John- son) Wl/ 2 sec. 21, T. 4N.,R. 14E., M.D.M., 4mi. NE of Murphys by Indian Creek Louis Domenghini, and Lester Canevaro, Mountain Ranch Smaltite is found with arsen- opyrite in a vein a few inches thick in mica schist and quartzite. Gold mine,- prospected for cobalt from 1923-30. A few tons of ore were mined but apparently never marketed. Developed by open cut and 175-ft. shaft. See also Lode Gold. (Logan 24:4, 178,- 25:142; 36:271-274.) COPPER D-31 D-32 Bell Prince. Blue Jay. Bonanza . Bund ... Calaveras Copper Co. Caledonian Campo Seco. Clark Clothier and Cam- eron Collier Constellation . Copper Hill. Copperopolis mines: includes Empire, Key- stone-Union, and North Key- stone mines Sec. 4 T. 4N.,R. 10E., M.D.M., in vicinity of Penn mine 72 mi. W of Campo Seco Sees. 27, 34, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., near Murray Creek, 5 miles NE of San Andreas W'/fe'sec. 12,T. 3N.,R. t2 E., M.D.M., on Donovan Ridge, 5 mi. NW of Angels Camp Sec. 4,T. 3N.,R.11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SE of Valley Springs NWl/ 4 sec. 18,T. 7 N., R. 16 E., M.D.M., near crest of ridge 1 '/2 mi. S of Garnet Hill Sec. 2.T. 2N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. W of Angels Camp Wl/ 2 sec.24,T. 1 N.,R. 11 E M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. SE of Telegraph City Sees. 2,3, T.1 N.,R. 12 E. ; sec. 34, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., in vicinity of Copperop- olis Not determined. Not determined Not determined Not determined . Moore Creek Mining Co., P.O. Box 78, Pioneer Not determined . Mrs. Violet Likens, P.O. Box 31, Belve- dere Calaveras Consolidated Mining Co., 801 Bank of America Bldg., San Jose Chalcopyrite and pyrite in greenstone. Vein in Calaveras schist. Vein at serpentine-amphi- bolite schist contact. Chalcopyrite and pyrite in greenstone. Small discontinuous tactite bodies in granodiorite gneiss contain small a- mounts of scheelite and chalcopyrite. An 1 8-in. vein of pyrite with chalcopyrite in greenstone. Prospected years ago through 21 -, 61-, and 1 00-ft. shafts. (Tucker 16:56; Eric 48:218.) See Penn. Active prior to 1914 with some recorded production. (Eric 48: 218.) Prospected years ago. Developed by caved 50-, 75-, and 108-ft. shafts. (Tucker 16:56; Eric 48: 218; Clark 54:21.) See Copperopolis mines. Active during 1860s. Developed by 250-ft. shaft. (Aubury 05: 198; 08:245,- Eric 48:218.) See Penn. (Tucker Eric 48:218.) 15:56-57; Tungsten-copper prospect. Pros- pected for copper during World War I, later for tungsten. De- veloped by shallow open cuts. See also under Tungsten. Prospected early 1900s. Devel- oped by 35-ft. shaft. (Aubury 08:245; Eric 48:219.) (MSP 11-9-63:02; Aubury 05: 197; 08.244; Tucker 16:57; Logan 36:301; Heyl 48:124- 125; herein.) See Penn. (Aubury 05:196; 08: 244; Tucker 16:57.) See Penn. (Browne 68:211-212; Hanks 84: 148; Irelan 88:150-152; Pres- ton 93:167-168; Storms 00: 126; Aubury 05:189-194; Knopf 06:418-422,- Lang 07: 1007-1008; Reid 07; Aubury 08:229-238; Forstner 08:746; Tucker 15:62-63; Logan 21: 420; 23:18; 24:4; 24a:76-80; 25:143; Tolman 35:247; Av- erill 43:72, 31 3-314; Heyl 45, 48:93-100; herein.) 132 California Division of Mines and Geology COPPER-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references D-37 D-161 D-36 D-37 D-38 D-39 D-162 Die id J. Eagle. . . Empire. . Excelsior. Garnet Hill . Sees. 6,7,T. 7N.,R.16 E.,M.D.M., at Garnet Hill North American Tung- sten, Inc., Gazette Bldg., Reno, Nevada Tactite with scheelite and dis- seminated chalcopyrite. Goat Ranch . Gopher Hill NEI/4 sec. 10, T. 1 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,by Buckhorn Creek, 1 '« mi. N of Telegraph City H. L. Donner, Milton Zone of pyritized greenstone 20 ft. thick with quartz stringers strikes NW and dips NE,- gold ore mined in 1930s yielded $9 per ton. Happy Jack. Hecla Holmes. Sees. 2, 11, T. 4 N., R. "10E.,M.D.M.,1 mi. SE of Campo Seco Not determined Vein with abundant sulfides in amphibolite schist strikes W and dips S. Jackson McCarty Josephine (Old Mountain Top) SEi/4 sec. 8, T. 1 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,4mi. SE of Copperopolis Not determined. A 4- to 5-ft. vein in green- stone with chalcopyrite and and pyrite. Keystone Keystone-Union . Libbie and Welch Lightner (Libbie and Welch, Welch and Star) Little Quail Hill NWl/ 4 sec. 18.T. 1 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,on W slope of Lightner Peak, 3 mi. SE of Copperopolis NWI/4 sec. 24, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M.,6 mi. SW of Copperop- olis and just N of Col- lier mine Charlotte Elasser, Copper- opolis" (1948) Not determined. Vein, with ore bodies as much as 20 ft. in thickness, in green schist, strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE ; capped by gossan,- large dump. Some sulfides in greenstone. Meteor. Missenger ranch Moore Creek . T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2"/ 2 mi. N of Valley Springs Sec. 7 T. 7N.,R. 16E., M.D.M„ on S side Moore Creek S of Gar- net Hill Not determined. Moore Creek Mining Co., P.O. Box 78, 'ioneer Vein with abundant sulfides. Tactite with scheelite and coarse disseminated aggre- gates of chalcopyrite. See Telegraph. See Quail Hill. See Copperopolis mines. See Star and Excelsior. Tungsten mine from which by- product copper has been re- covered. See Tungsten. See Nassau. Copper and gold mine. Active 1921, 1934-36; explored by Calaveras Cons. Copper Co. in 1943; surface recently pros- pected. Developed by open 84-ft. shaft with levels at 40 and 80 ft., and open cut. See also under Lode Gold. (Logan 36:262,- Eric 48:220.) See Penn. See Penn. Long idle. Developed by 365-ft. drift adit. (Tucker 16:57,- Eric 48:220.) See Copperopolis mines. (Aubury 05:198; 08:244,- Eric 48:220.) Active in 1864. Developed by 40-ft. shaft. (Aubury 05:197; 08:244,- Eric 48:220.) See Copperopolis mines. See Copperopolis mines. See Lightner. Long idle. Developed by open 150-ft. inclined shaft and 250- ft. crosscut adit on 90-ft. level; two other shafts to SW. (Storms 00:126,- Tucker 16:63-64; Eric 48:221.) U. S. Bureau of Mines drilled 2 holes about 900 ft. NW of Col- lier mine, on Little Quail Hill mine. Holes disclosed presence of zinc, copper, gold, and silver, but no commercial ore was intersected. (Jenkins 43: 560, pi. 8 ; Heyl 48:125.) See Penn. 08:242.) (Aubury 05:196; Long idle. Developed by 400-ft. shaft. (Aubury 05:198.) Tungsten-molybdenum mine from which by-product copper has been recovered. See also Tung- sten. 1963 Calaveras County COPPER-Continued 133 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and refer- Mountain Top. Napoleon Nassau (Pool) (in- cludes Goat Ranch and Goat Ranch Exten- sion) North Keystone. . Penn (Blue Jay, Campo Seco, Constellation, Copper Hill, Happy Jack, Hecla, Little Satellite, Me- teor, Penn Chemical Works, Satel- lite, West Con- stellation) Penn Chemical Works NEi/4 sec. 23, T. 1 N. R. 11 E.,M.D.M. NEi/ 4 sec.9,NWi/ 4 sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. E. A. Nutter etal., P.O. Box 1 87, Saratoga C. J. Tiscornia, San An- dreas Sees. 3,4,T. 4N.,R.10 E.,sec. 33, T. 5N.,R. 10 E., M.D.M. New Penn Mines, Inc., 123 William St., New York 38, N. y. Constellation Mining Co., c/o Harriet B. Minahen, 471 5 Opal Cliff Dr., Santa Cruz John Ponzetto 2831 North E St., Stockton Pool Quail Hill (Eagle) Sl/ 2 sec. 3,Nl/ 2 sec. 10, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. G. Ivan Smith, 4333 E. Florence Ave., Bell (1948) Satellite. Shumate Star and Excel- sior Table Mountain Telegraph (Dia- mond J) NWi/4 sec. 25, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., 2 mi. S of Telegraph City and 74 mi. S of Star-Excelsior mine SWyi sec. 24, NWl/ 4 sec. 25, T. 1 N., R. 11E., M.D.M. NEl/4 sec. 20, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. SE of Copperop- olis SEi/4 sec. 26, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Telegraph City J. J. Malspina, Vallecito H. L. Donner, Milton . Vein of pyritized and kaolin- ized greenstone with chal- copyrite strikes NW and dips NE. Not determined Massive pyrite with chal- copyrite in greenstone. J. J. Malspina, Vallecito Vein of pyritic greenstone with chalcopyrite strikes NWand dips NE. Union Welch and Star. See Josephine. (MSP 12/29/62:2,- Aubury 05 196-197; Knopf 06:422-423 Weed 06:106; Aubury 08 242-243; Forstner 08:747 Tucker 15:58; Averill 43:72, 314; Heyl 48:123-124,- here- in.) (Aubury 05:198,- 08:245,- Forst- ner 08:744, 747,- Tucker 15: 58-59,- Weed 16:805-806,- 18:578; Eric 48:221,- herein.) See Copperopolis mines. (Browne 68:212,- Hanks 84:148- 151,- Irelan 88:152-156; Craw- ford 96:57; Aubury 05:194- 196,- Knopf 06:415-418; Au- bury 08:238-242; Forstner 08: 746,- Tucker 16:59-62,- Logan 21:420,- 26:374,- Tolman 35 247-250,- Averill 43:552-555 Heyl 48:61-84,- Eric 48:20 Wiebelt 48:1-6,- O'Brien 50 304,- Turner 51:316; Mining World 52:21-24,- herein.) See Penn. (Irelan 88:152-155; Aubury 05:194-196,- 08:238- 242.) See Nassau. (MSP 8/17/63:1; Am. Jour. Min. 67:308; Aubury 05:1 97; Tucker 15:57, 62,- Averill 43: 314-315,- Eric 48:222,- Heyl 48:112-122,- herein.) See Penn. (Storms 00:125,- Au- bury 08:242,- Logan 36:298,- Eric 48:222.) Active during World War I when $8,000 produced; developed by shallow shaft; shaft de- watered in 1 943. (Eric 48:223.) (Aubury 05:197,- 08:244,- Tucker 16:62; Heyl 48:125-126; herein.) Active 1863-65. Table Moun- tain Copper Co. sank two shafts, 45 and 140 ft. deep, and ran a few hundred feet of drifts. Total recorded produc- tion 85 tons of ore averaging 20% copper. (MSP 1 0/26/63: 2 ; 6/18/64:441,- 5/13/65: 289,- 11/9/65:275.) Production 1 865, 1 91 4. Shaft 1 20 ft. deep. (Tucker 16:57,- Eric 48:223.) See Copperopolis mines. See Lightner. 134 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-1 Able SW'/ 4 sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., near Bear Creek, 8 mi. W of Angels Camp Not determined Vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Long idle. Developed by shaft. Addie Sec. 22, T. 5 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,1 mi.NE of Paloma Not determined A 12-ft. vein in slate and gneiss strikes NW and dips NE,- ore is free milling. Long idle. Developed by 200-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) B-2 Adelaide SE'/ 4 sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,on S slope Carson Hill '/j mi. E. of Melones Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Zone of quartz, graphite, mariposite, and talc 15 ft. wide strikes N. 30° W. and dips 80° NE. Active 1890-93; consolidated with Melones mine in 1895. Developed by 1 00-ft. vertical shaft. See also Carson Hill. (Brown 90:57; Fairbanks 90:57; MSP 9/2/93:157; Crawford 96:96; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:66.) B-3 Adelia NEi/ 4 sec. 5, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 y/ 4 sec. 1,T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. NEi/4 sec. 20, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SE of Milton NWi/4 sec. 8, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of West Point and E of Blackstone Sec. 31, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. SWi/4sec. 3,T. 3N.,R. 12 E M.D.M., 4 mi. S of San Andreas Owner (Name, address) Aladin Gold Mining Co., Ltd., Holbrook Bids., San Francisco (1936) Jackson D. McCarty Co.,c/o Al McCarty, 1 246 North Com- merce St., Stockton R. A. Miller etal., 1265 26th Ave., San Fran- Eli:abeth Stalker et al., 1 5600 Cannon Drive, Los Gatos Mario D. and Florabelle Ceresa, Murphys Antone Bertatta, Doug- las Flat Not determined John Guttinger, San An- dreas Geology The Bright Star vein, 4 to 1 2 ft. wide, strikes NE and dips SE; granodiorite and slate country rock; 3 other N-striking and W-dipping veins; ore contains free gold with sulfides. Vein in amphibolite schist and slate. Ore yielded $8 per ton. A 7-ft. vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW; sulfides abundant. A 5 -ft. vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips 30° SW. A 2-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sul- fides. A 5-ft. vein in slate and phyl- lite strikes N. 55° W. and dips 65° NE on Mother Lode. Remarks and rt Active prior to and from 1924 1^ 1934. Developed by upper 175-, middle 175-, and lower 425-ft. crosscut adits and drifts. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (Logan 36:245-246.) See Carson Hill. Active 1935. Mined by open cut. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Logan 36:246.) See Carson Hill. See Utica. See Angels Deep. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1 888, latter 1 890s, 1913-14, 1938, and 1940. Developed by 400-ft. inclined shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (Brown 90:150; Preston 93:174; Crawford 94:90; 96: 106; MSP 4/22/99; 435; Kerr 00; Storms 00:1 20; Tucker 16:72; Logan 35:128; herein.) See Brazza. Long idle. Developed by 80-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) (Crawford 94:90; Kerr 00; MSP 8/26/05:145; Tucker 16:102; herein.) Active around 1888; worked in 1938 by J. H. Merow. Devel- oped by adit and raise. Ore treated in Kendall mill. (Irelan 88:146-147; Kerr 00; U.S. Bur. Mines records.) Active 1870s and again around 1914. Developed by 1 50-ft. crosscut adit and 500 ft. of drifts. Ore streated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 6/16/77:383; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:72.) See Hardscrabble. See Mother Lode Central. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:72.) See Washington. See Twin Oaks. Active prior to and during 1880s when ore was treated in 20- stamp mill; output worth $18,- 000 up to 1889. Developed by shaft. (MSP 4/20/89:276; Kerr 00; Logan 36:292.) 142 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. B-68 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references -70 B-71 B-72 B-73 B-74 Butcher Shop. . . Wl/ 2 sec. 29 J. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. i Cale Joseph Palter, Farming- ton Fred Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Calaveras Calaveras Calaveras Colum- bus (Amador Columbus, Co- lumbus) Cal-Gold Mining Company California (Hicks) Calendar California Ophir Sl/2 sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., by Mokelumne River, 2 '/^ mi. NW of West Point Jeffrey Schweitzer, Na- tional Hotel, Jackson A 2- to 5-ft. vein in granodi- orite strikes N and dips 70° W,- contains abundant sul- fides. Sec. 22, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge N of O'Neil's Creek 4 mi. SW' of Sheep Ranch Sec. 35, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Ei/ 2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just W of Carson Hill Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW. Marvin Airola, Angels,- and Fred G. Stevenot et al., 300 Mont- gomery St., San Fran- cisco A 5-ft. vein with greenstone footwall and slate hanging wall. Camile . Canepa . SWl/4 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of town of Car- son Hill Marvin Airola, Angels Camp Narrow quartz vein,- some rich pockets found. Cargo Hill. Carley . . . . Carlton . . . Carson Creek . . . Nl/2 sec. 9, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. SW of West Point SW'A sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 1 3 E, M.D.M., by Carson Creek W. L. Phillips, and Ma- son Estate Co., West Point A 1- to 2y2-ft. vein strikes N and is associated with dikes,- in 1 922 ore, yielded $110 per ton,- granodiorite country rock,- abundant sulfides. M. H. Manuel, Murphys H« See Carson Hill. (Preston 93:169- 70,- Crawford 94:91,- 96:99,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16:73; Hamil- ton 20:15,- Logan 21:421,- 25: 150-51,- 35:135-37,- Burgess 37:7, 10, 13.) See Garner. See Mar John. Active 1892-1910, 1921-27, and 1932-35. Developed by 500-ft. crosscut adit, 1,000 ft. of drifts and 90-ft. winze. Ore treated in Gibson mill. (Tucker 16:74,- Hamilton 22:26,- Logan 23a:19,- 23c:18 ; 24:76; 36: 246-47; Eric 48:21 8.) Leased and prospected Benson, Hoffman, and Parnell properties 1 mile W of Altaville in mid- 19305. See Benson. (Logan 36:247.) Active 1869 and around 1896. Developed by 80-ft. shaft and 96-ft. adit. (MSP 1 /9/69:22 ; Crawford 96:99-100,- Tucker 16:73.) Idle since 1903. Developed by 600-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 200, 400, and 600 ft. (Kerr 00,- Tucker 16:73.) See Corn Meal. Active early 1890s. Developed by 75-ft. shaft. (Crawford 94.- 91; 96:100,- Kerr 00.) See Ferguson. See Falcon. Developed by 250- and 352-ft. adits connected by 86-ft. raise and 40- and 160-ft. shafts. (MSP 9/8/66.150; 8/18/77: 101; Crawford 96:100; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:73,- Hamilton 22:26,- Logan 23a:1 8,- Minerals Yearbook 27, 35.) (MSP 2/20/64:1 1 4; 7/8/82:20,- 7/9/92:28,- Preston 93:173-4,- Crawford 94:91,- 96:100,- MSP 7/30/98:109,- Kerr 00,- Storms 00:123; MSP 2/13/04:118; Tucker 16:88; Logan 36:267,- herein.) 1963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 143 Name of claim, mine, or group Carson Hill .... (Adelaide, Bright Star, Brown, Cala- veras, California Ophir, Enter- prise, Exten- sion, Finnegan, Independence, Iron Rock, Ken- tucky, Key- stone, Last Chance, Mel- ones, Mexican Mineral Moun- tain, Morgan, New Year, Re- lief, Reserve, Santa Cruz, South Carolina, Stanislaus, Stephens, Union) Carson Hill Gold Mining Co. Location Carter mil Caruthc Centennial (New Cham- pion) Champion (Haskins) Chaparral and Blue Ribbon Chaparral Hill Group (Vanderbilt) Chapman . . . (McGary) Sees. 13, 14, T. 2N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. SW'/ 4 sec. 31, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., at Mercer Cave, 1 mi. NW of Murphys Ei/ 2 sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M by Indian Creek, 3'/2 mi. N of Murphys NWl/ 4 sec. 4, T. 6 N. R. 13 E, M.D.M. SE"/ 4 sec. 4, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. SE'/ 4 sec. 28,T.4N.,R. 13E.,M.D.M.,i/ 2 mi. S of Fricot Ranch Nl/ 2 sec. 14.T. 2 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,i/ 2 mi. NW of town of Carson Hill Sees. 10, 11, T. 5 N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 21/2 mi. N of Railroad Flat Owner (Name, address) Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Sterling Carter, Murphys Raymonde Rooney, 1988 Jackson St., San Francisco New Champion Mining Co.,c/oH.G. O'Hanlon, West Point Josephine Ruffino and Rose Canevaro, 579 Greenwich St., San Francisco Raymond Cuneo, San Andreas Fred G. Stevenot, Miss Effie M. Meeker, Mabel F. Edwards, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Not determined Geology' Vein in mica schist strikes W and dips N. Sulfides abun- dant.' A 4-ft. quartz vein with free gold and abundant pyrite strikes W and dips N; mica schist and slate country rock. Massive Mother Lode quartz vein as much as 100 ft. in width. Ore contained tel- lurides and arsenopyrite,- amphibolite schist country rock. Vein in schist and slate strikes N. Remarks and refers. (MSP 2/20/64:114,- 4/8/65: 211,- 6/22/67:390; Browne 68:59,- MSP 9/25/75:200; 2/5/76:88; Hanks 82:148,- 84:104; MSP 2/2/89:74; Ire- Ian 90:37-38; Fairbanks 90:56- 58; MSP 7/9/92:28; Preston 93:169-170; Crawford 94:89, 91, 94-95,- 96:96, 99, 109, 112-13, 116; MSP 11/28/96: 446; 11/5/98:445; 3/31/00: 349; Kerr 00; Ransome 00:9; Storms 00:121; MSP 10/18/- 02:225; Bradley 03:53; Tucker 16:66, 73, 87, 92, 93, 97,- MSP 2/1/19:165; Hamilton 20:1 5-1 7; Young 21 :725-729,- MSP 2/18/22:235; Hamilton 22:27; Logan 23c:1 6-1 7; 24:5; 25:146-151,- Moss 27:1010- 1012; Knopf 29:72-77,- Bur- gess 35:111-114; Logan 35: 129-137, 207, 208; 36:247- 248, 300; Burgess 37:1-15,- Julihn 38:100-110,- Bowen 48: 55,- Burgess 48:89:90; Eric 48: 218,- 55:28,- herein.) See Ca Hill. Owner has been treating small lots of gold ore from prospects in Murphys- Vallecito area in recently erected mill consisting of jaw crusher, revolving 16- mesh screen, impact mill, table, and amalgam barrel. Active in late 1 880s and early 1 890s. Developed by two west- trending drift adits. Ore treated in arrastre. (Tucker 16:73,- Logan 36:258.) (Minerals Yearbook 47-49,- Bow- en 49:39-40,- herein). (MSP 2/20/75,- 114: 1/22/76: 53; 9/28/78:196; 5/6/82: 308; 5/7/98:493,- Crawford 94:91 ,- 96:1 00; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:73,- Logan 23a:1 8; herein.) Intermittently active 1919-42; surface now being prospected. Developed by 300-ft. N cross- cut adit, glory hole, shallow shaft, and two 1 00-ft. adits. Ore treated in concrete arrastre. (Logan 36:248-249.) Active 1881, 1914,- prospected 1922-25 by Chaparral Hill Operating Co. Developed by shallow shafts and adits, one 500 ft. long. (MSP 7/16/81: 36,- Crawford 96:100,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16:73-74,- Logan 25: 150,- 35:137.) Active 1881 around 1900, and 1924-25. Developed by 210- ft. shaft with drifts. Ore treated in ball mill. (MSP 5/7/81:292,- Logan 25:150.) 144 California Division of M INES AND Gf.OLOGY [County Report 2 LODE GOLD-Continued > Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Charlie Hoss. . . . Sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.. M.D.M., near Glencoe A. J. Bayless, Glencoe (1936) Vein in schist and slate yielded some high-grade pockets. Prospected by A. J. Bayless in 1930s. Developed by 22-ft. shaft and 1 80-ft. drift. (Logan 36:249.) B-80 Chavanne NWi/ 4 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., at Sheep Ranch G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch Active in 1870s and 1880s when mine was worked through 600- ft. shaft. Ore treated in 1 0-stamp mill. Consolidated with Sheep Ranch mine in 1 883. See Sheep Ranch. (MSP 11/10/77:293; 8/11/83; 86; Kerr 00.) B-81 Cherokee Sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. B-82 NE'/ 4 sec. 11, T. 6 N., R. 1 3 E y M.D.M., 1 '/a mi. S of Bummerville C. C. Meyer, Jr., 1840 Fourth Ave., Sacra- mento 1 8 A 1 Vl- to 3-ft. vein with abundant sulfides in gran- odiorite. Ore yielded as as much as $80 per ton. Active 1866-69, 1875, 1887, and 1891,- $30,000 produced in 1 869. Developed by 1 1 2-ft. shaft. (MSP 8/25/66:118; 9/25/75:196,- 4/25/91:260; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:99.) (Novella) Christman Sec. 1,T. 3N.,R. 13E., M.D.M. , 1 mi. W of Murphys Not determined Vein in slate and mica schist strikes W and dips N. Long idle. Developed by 80-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) B-83 Christmas Sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M. B-84 Clary Sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. B-85 Claude (Cloud). . Center sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. due S of Angels Camp Kate M. Dorrah et al., c/o Mrs. Philip Huber, 200 W. Broadmoor Blvd., San Leandro On Mother Lode. An 8- to 1 2-ft. vein in amphibolite strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE,- contains free gold, pyrite, and arsenopyrite; ore mined in 1 892 yielded $30 per ton and sulfides $300 per ton. A parallel vein to the east. Discovered 1885, worked until around 1896. Developed by 45- and 60-ft. shafts, crosscut adit, and open cut. (MSP 11/1 6/89:376; Brown 90:1 48; Preston 93:174,- Crawford 96: 100-1 01; Kerr 00.) Cleveland Sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Mountain Ranch Not determined Vein in mica schist Active prior to and during 1889- 93. Developed by 1 00-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 4/20/89:278; Kerr 00.) See Empire. B-86 Clifton Ranch. . . . Sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M. Clincher Sec. 21, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Mountain Ranch Not determined Two veins in slate and mica, schist strike NW and dip NE,- galena abundant. Long idle. Developed by 60-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Cloud See Claude. (MSP 9/28/78:196,- 5/10/79: 301; 8/8/85:104; 4/15/99: 405,- Tucker 16:74; Logan 36: 249; herein.) B-87 Collier (Blood, Sandwich) SW'A sec. 1 , T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sterling Carter, Murphys Colorado T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Murphys Frank Pescia, Sheep Ranch (1936) A '/2- to 1 72-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Active many years ago,- pros- pected 1933. Developed by 1 00-ft. inclined shaft. (Logan 36:249.) B 88 Columbia (Columbo) SWl/4 sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2'/2 "ii. S of Angels Camp Mrs. Rose Ferraris, c/o Jinger Costa, Angels Camp On Mother Lode. Vein in quartz-ankerite zone with gabbro to east strikes NW and dips NE. Worked 1914-16 by Columbia Mines Company. Developed by 250-ft. shaft with levels at 100 and 200 ft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 7/31/15: 184; Tucker 16:74; Logan 35: 137.) See Columbia. Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 145 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and ref*. Columbus (St. Gothard) Sec. 20, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Spring Gulch, 4 mi. NW of Mountain Ranch James Madona, Moun- tain Ranch (1936) A 4-ft. quartz vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Columbus. Columbus. Comet. . . . Sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Jenny Lind Not determined. A 6-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Comet Commodore (Golden Gate) Center sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Confidence. Continental . Cook . Cooper. Cordc Corn Meal (Camile) Cow Bel Cow Bel Crooks and Smith Commodore Gold Min- ing Co., c/o Jones & Quinn,WilhoitBld9., Stockton SW'/ 4 sec. 33, T. 7 N., R.13E., M.D.M., by Mokelumne River 1 mi. N of West Point Sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 13 E M.D.M. , 1l/ 2 mi. NE of Angels Camp T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. N of Murphys, on ridge between San Antonio and Indian Creeks. Sec. 27, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Fri- ed School HazelS. Wardell, 1885 Atlas Road, Napa NEl/4 sec. 13, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SE of West Point SWl/4 sec. 22, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., by Ponderosa Way, 1 mi. N of Fricot School NEl/4 sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M, on ridge S of Esperanza Creek, 4 mi S of Rail- road Flat Sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Car- son Flat Sees. 24, 25, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. Domingo Roleri, Angels Camp (1936) Frank Cooper, Douglas Flat (1936) Not determined. Daniel Filippine, Moun- tain Ranch (1936) Charles H. Kucks, 4386 Montgomery St., Oakland G. W. Getchell estate, San Andreas (1936) Not determined. A 1- to 4-ft. vein associated with a dike; much sulfide. Three 2- to 8-ft. veins in mica schist strike NE. A 30-ft. vein zone in slate strikes W and N. Vein in granodiorite strikes E, dips 80° N; abundant sulfides. A 4-ft. vein with sulfides in mica schist strikes W and dips 45° N. A white to gray quartz vein with pyrite and galena in mica schist strikes N. 30° W. and dips 65° NE. Wide vein zone with green- stone hanging wall and slate footwall strikes NW and dips NE; on Mother Lode. Active prior to 1900 and eari, during 1930s. Developed by 2 shallow shafts. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:249.) See Fricot group. See Calaveras Columbus. Long idle. Developed by 60-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Kate Hageman. (Kerr 00,- Storms 00:106-07,- Tucker 16:82; Logan 35:137- 38; 36:243; herein.) See Utica. (MSP 6/30/83:436; Kerr 00.) Active in 1902-03; operated from 1936-42 by H. S. War- dell; 413 tons of ore yielded 213 oz. of gold in 1939. De- veloped by drift adit. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill with 2 flotation cells. (MSP 5/10/02: 261; Logan 36:266; Minerals Yearbook 1940.) Some activity during the 1890s. Developed by a shaft. (Craw- ford 94:91-92; 96:101; Kerr 00.) Active prior to and during 1936. Developed by 100- and 1 60- ft. shafts and 300-ft. adit. (Logan 36:249.) Long idle. Developed by 100-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) See Union-Rathgeb group. Active prior to 1914, and during 1917; worked by Rhad Adams in 1941. Developed by 300- ft. upper and 400-ft. lower adit. (Tucker 16:75; MSP 7/21 /1 7: 103.) Long idle. Developed by 300-ft. upper and 275-ft. lower W drift adits. Active many years ago,- operated by L. A. Sackett in 1941. De- veloped by caved 40-ft. shafts and 500 ft. of drifts. (U. S. Bur. Mines records.) Long idle. Worked through 45- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) 146 California Division of M ines and Geology [County Report 2 LODE GOLD— Continued Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-97 Crossette E'/s sec. 26, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., by Cherokee Creek, 4 mi. due W of Alta- ville Not determined Quartz vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Active around 1914, 1929, and 1940. Developed by 80-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:75.) B-98 Crown Point Wi/ 2 sec. 1,T. 3 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,2 mi. W of Murphys M. H. Manuel, Mur- phys Several quartz veins in slate and mica schist strike W and dip N; some high- grade pockets. Active 1905-09, 1914, 1925, and prospected 1936. Devel- oped by open 225-ft. adit, 65- ft. shaft, and drifts. (MSP 11/27/09:731; Tucker 16:75; Logan 36:250.) Crown Point and Teirakoff T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,2i/ 2 mi.NW of West Point Not determined Vein in granodiorite strikes N. On N side South Fork of Mokel- 1 umne River. Active around > 1894. (Crawford 94:92.) B-99 Crystal WI/ 2 sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Consolidated by Angels Quartz Mining Co. 1886 with Angels Angels Camp Francisco mine, which see herein. (Brown 90:61,- Crawford 96:101; Kerr ; 00; MSP 7/11/03:27; 4/91 , 10:537.) B-100 Culbertson NWl/4 sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 !/2 mi. N of San An- dreas Not determined Two veins in zone 34 ft. wide strike NW and dip NE,- greenstone hanging wall and slate footwall. Active 1896-1900. Developed by 120-ft. shaft and 400-ft. adit. (Crawford 96:101; MSP 5/9/96:382,- 6/10/99:617; Kerr 00.) See Economic. See Star of India. See Sultana. (Crawford 96:101.) Curtis Cushing B-101 Curiosity Sec. 5, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.. B-102 Curtis Sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Dal A Ray Not determined Not determined Between Mokelumne Hill and San Andreas. Operated 1941 by Ray Hageman of San Fran- cisco. Vein developed by 1 30- ft. inclined shaft and 80-ft. ' drift. (U. S. Bureau of Mines records.) B-103 Dalmatia (Delmatia, Del- mazia) Ei/ 2 sec. 26, T. 4 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of Murphys Not determined A zone 22 ft. wide, contain- ing quartz veins and seams in slate, strikes NW and dips NE. Active around 1896-1900. De- veloped by 100-ft. adit and 200-ft. shaft. Ore treated in arrastre. (Crawford 96:1 01 -1 02; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:76.) B-104 Dan Reynolds . . . See Poe. B-105 Dauphine SWl/4 sec. 14, NWl/4 sec. 23, T. 5 N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M, 1 mi.SE of Jesus Maria Not determined Two veins in 7-ft. zone strike NE and dip SE; free milling ore with sulfides,- granite hanging wall and slate foot- wall. Discovered 1 851 ; active 1 889-91 . Developed by 100-ft. shaft, 140-ft. adit, and open cut. Ore treated in 1 -stamp mill. (MSP 11/23/89:394; 11/13/91:68,- Kerr 00.) See Utica. (Fairbanks 90:61; MSP 1 1 /20/97:486,- Kerr 00.) Dean 8 mi. E of Milton Not determined Vein in slate strikes N and dips 20° W. In Salt Spring Valley. Active around 1 896. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Crawford 96: 102.) Deerfoot (Gilbertson) Sec. 34, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1>/ 2 mi. N of West Point Not determined A 1 -ft. quartz vein in grano- diorite strikes N. 30° W., dips 70° NE. Active around 1914-17. De- veloped by 1 50-ft. adit and 66- ft. winze. Ore treated in 5- stamp mill. (Tucker 16:75; MSP 7/21/17:103.) 963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 147 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references -106 Deer Lodge (Pierce) Nl/ 2 sec. 12,T. 3N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge above Stanislaus River, 4'/2 mi. due E of Murphys Rose M. Machado, Whiskeytown Vein in mica schist strikes W and has nearly.vertical dip. Active prior to 1914,- prospected 1930. Developed by 100-ft. upper and 200-ft. lower drift adits. (Kerr 00/ Tucker 16:75.) See Brown. Delmatia See Dalmatia. Delmazia See Dalmatia. Del Monte See Prussian Hill. 107 Demarest NE'/ 4 sec. 16, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. M. H. Manuel, Murphys (MSP 6/1 0/93:357,- Crawford 94: 92; MSP 12/13/99:723; Kerr 00; Storms 00:107; MSP 2/ 13/04:1 18; Tucker 16:76; Lo- gan 25:151; 35:138; 36:250; herein.) 108 Demarest Sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. 109 Diamond Jack . . . Doc Hill NEi/ 4 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 11 E M.D.M., 7 mi. E of Milton and S of Salt Springs Res- ervoir Howard J. Tower et al., Farmington A 9-ft. vein in greenstone strikes NW. Active 1896. Worked through 50-ft. shaft. (MSP 11/21/96: 426.) See Angels. Unpatented claim. Active during 1890s. Developed by 100-ft. adit. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (Crawford 94:92; 96:1 1 2; MSP 3/25/99:323; Tucker 16-76.) Dodson (McQuig) Sec. 12, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 11/2 mi. mi. SW of Murphys Not determined A 1 -ft. blue quartz vein in Calaveras slate strikes W and dips N. 110 Dolly Varden . . . Dominion Mining Organization, Inc. Wi/ 2 sec. 18,T. 3N.,R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Murphys Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. Long idle. Prospected Modoc, Star of the West, and Zacatero mines NE West Point in 1922-25. Adit was driven. (Logan 25:1 51 -52.) Donald C Sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., by Car- son Hill Not determined Vein with greenstone hanging wall and slate footwall strikes NW and dips NE; sulfides abundant. Long idle. Worked through 50-ft. adit and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Donnallan Sec. 6 or 7, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of San Andreas Not determined On Mother Lode. A mineral- ized zone 40 to 200 ft. in width in weathered talcose slate and schist. Ore av- eraged $2.50 per ton. Active around 1896. Mined in open cut and treated in 1 5- stamp mill. (MSP 6/13/96: 486,- Crawford 96:102,- Kerr 00.) See Nancy Ann. Active mid-1.930s. Developed by 4 adits. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill; later in ball mill with tables. (Logan 36:250-51.) Doodlebug claims Sec. 22, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Jesus Maria W. T. Treat, San Andreas (1936) Main quartz vein strikes N. 80° E. and dips 70° NW ; footwall is slate and hang- ing wall is granodiorite. 111 Dora Cons. (Rust- ler) NWl/4 sec. 36, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of Murphys Dora Gold Mining Co., c/o Lester L. Roth, 50 Arguello Blvd., San Francisco 1 8 A 1 - to 4-ft. vein in mica schist and slate strikes W and dips N. Developed by two open 200-ft. adits and 75-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (Craw- ford 94:92; 96:102; MSP 1 /- 20/94:45; Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 86-87.) 112 Dragone (Ari- zona) NE'Asec. 1,T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., on San Domingo Creek 1 mi. W of Murphys Louise R. Dragone et al., Angels Camp A 1- to 6-ft. quartz vein in slate with dike strikes N. 75° W. and dips NE ; 2 cross veins,- much sulfide. Active 1 934. Developed by 436- ft. lower and 1 20-ft. upper adit connected by 140-ft. raise. (Logan 36:251.) 148 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Drake properties Sees. 3,4,T. 2N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M 1 mi.SE of Angels Camp Not determined On Mother Lode in green- stone and slate. Active prior to 1900. Two pros- pect shafts 900 and 300 ft. deep. (Storms 00:121.) See Morning Star. In Salt Spring Valley. Active around 1895. Developed by 70-ft. vertical shaft. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Crawford 96: 102.) (MSP 1 0/20/00:469; Tucker 1 6: 76; Logan 36:251; herein.) Unpatented claim. Active 1934. Developed by 90-ft. shaft. (Minerals Yearbook 35; Logan 36:251.) See Standard. (MSP 2/22/02:106,- Tucker 16: 76,- Minerals Yearbook 1 7; ' Logan 25:152,- 36:251-53; Minerals Yearbook 35, 37-41,- Julihn 38:119-122,- herein.) Active many years ago. Devel- oped by 400-ft. drift adit and 70-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to and during early 1890s. Developed by 1 1 5-ft. shaft and two adits. Ore treated in Huntington mill. (MSP 1/2/- 92:4,- Preston 93:171; Craw- ford 94:92, 97; 96:102.) (MSP 1 2/24/1 0:852; Tucker 1 6- 77,- herein.) Active early 1890s. Developed by 145-ft. shaft. (Crawford 94: 92,- 96:1 02-03,- Kerr 00,- Tucker 16:77.) On ridge between El Dorado and Murray Creeks. Prospected prior to 1 91 4. Shaft 85 ft. deep. (Tucker 16:77.) See Murry Creek. See Triple Lode. Active prior to and during early 1900s. Worked through 40- ft. shaft and adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle,- some intermittent sur- face prospecting by Richard Horner of Valley Springs. De- veloped by shallow shafts and open cuts. See Royal. 8 mi.- E of Milton SEl/ 4 sec. 5, NW/4 sec. 9, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sec. 6,T. 3N. ; R. 13E., M.D.M. , 3/4 mi.SE of Glencoe Not determined B-11 3 Dutchess Consoli- dated Dutton Duchess Mining & Mill- ing Co., Inc., 653 American Ave., Long Beach Charles Dutton, Glencoe (1936) Vein containing rich pockets. Early Bird B-114 Easy* Bird (Big Pine, Le Roi) Eberhardt Eclipse Sl/ 9 sec.6,T. 5N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M. NE'/ 4 sec. 23, T. 6 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., by South Fork Mokel- umne River, 2 mi. N of Railroad Flat Sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. NW of Angels Camp NW'/ 4 sec. 34. NEy4 sec. 33, T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. SEl/ 4 sec. 36, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NW of San An- dreas near Spring Gulch Sec. 4,T. 4N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Mountain Ranch Wah Chang Mining Corp., 137 Clarke St., Bishop F. E. Herier, Murphys (1935) Not determined Raymond Cuneo, San Andreas Edna Gold Mining Co., c/o Mrs. Lena H. W. Bartels 2243 Santa Clara Ave., Alameda Not determined B-11 5 Several veins, one as much as 1 5 ft. in width, strike N and dip E; slate country rock. A 6-ft. vein in greenstone strikes N. 65° W. and dips 70° NE. On Mother Lode. B-11 6 Economic (Cuneo) Edna B-11 7 A mineralized dike 36 ft. in width, containing quartz. Vein in slate and schist.. Eida El Dorado El Dorado Elsie Sec. 9, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Railroad Flat El/2 sec. 15, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M.. 2 mi. NW of Valley Springs Not determined Leslie Land, Valley Springs Two 1 -ft. veins in slate strike NW, dip NE. Veins in greenstone,- surface gravels. B-118 Emma Emma 1963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 149 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-119 Empire (Cleve- land, Jumbo, Uno) Nl/ 2 sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E.; M.D.M. Effie M. Tower, Farm- ington (MSP 7/21 /83:36; Crawford 96: 103; Logan 25:152; 36:253- 54; herein.) Enchantress See Mar John. Enterprise See Melones and Carson Hill. 8-120 Esmeralda Nl/ 2 sec. 34, T. 4N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge between Indian and San Antonio Creeks, E of Esmeralda School John F. Davis Estate, c/o John P. Davis, 38 San- some St., San Fran- cisco 4 (MSP 4/24/86:280; 2/19/87: 128; Irelan 88:133-135; MSP 5 /5 /94:285 ; Crawford 96:1 03; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:77, 108; herein.) See Bence. See Boston. B-121 Etna (Aetna, Mc- Kisson) SEl/ 4 sec. 18, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Calvin Snyder, Stockton; leased to O. C. Brink and E. J. Nuhn, P.O. Box 1021, Stockton (Tucker 16:66; Logan 36:274-75; herein.) B-122 Etna King (North End, Widow, Ziegler) Sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in An- gels Camp George and Julia Um- berger, 831 N. Hunt- er St., Stockton On Mother Lode,- a 1 2-ft. vein in amphibolite schist strikes NW and dips 80° NE. Active 1 880s, 1 897 to 1 909, and 1914. About 3000 tons of ore mined. Developed by 240-ft. vertical shaft with levels at 100 and 200 ft., and 500 ft. of drifts. Ore treated in 20-stamp mill. (MSP 7/1 1 /85:24 ; Tuck- er 16:77-78; Logan 35:151- 52.) B-123 Ettie B SE'/ 4 sec. 26, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Long idle. B-124 Sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. I Sec. 22, T. 6 N., R.14 E M.D.M. , 3 mi. NWof Blue Mountain Mary Rowe and Thomas Jenkins, Grass Valley (1936) Two veins in slate strike NNE and dip W. Unpatented claim. Active 1889- 96. Developed by 1 20-ft. adit and 500 ft. drift. (MSP 9/14/- 89:204; 3/21/96:230; Kerr 00.) B-125 Evening Star Sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. ,1 mi. W of Angels Camp A. F. Salfield, 250 E. Mariposa Ave., Stockton (1936) On Mother Lode. Vein with green schist hanging wall and phyllite footwall strikes N. 55° W. and dips NE; contains abundant pyrite, calcite, and ankerite. Extensively worked many years ago. Developed by caved shaft and long open cut. Ore was treated in Huntington mill. (Kerr 00.) B-126 Everlasting (Sceiffard) E"/ 2 sec. 19, WI/2 sec. 20, T. 4 N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M. C. J. Tiscornia, San An- dreas (MSP 3/16/72:164; 2/21/74: 117; 7/9/87:24; Fairbanks 90:63-64; Crawford 94:92; 96: 103; Tucker 16-78; Logan 36: 242-243; herein.) Excelsior T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Angels Camp, E of Gold Cliff mine Not determined A 3- to 1 4-ft. vein in green schist with much sulfide. Active 1880-92 and in early 1930s. Developed by 1 20-ft. crosscut adit and 75-ft. shaft. (MSP 7/24/80:52; 7/9/92: 28; Preston 93:175; Crawford 96:103.) B-127 Ever Ready Sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. B-128 Excelsior N'/ 2 sec. 18.T. 5N, R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Mokelumne Hill just N of Lam- phear mine. Mrs. Almena Moser, Mokelumne Hill (1936) A 1- to 16-ft. vein in slate strikes NW. Active around 1896. Developed by 1,200-ft. adit and 185-ft. shaft. See also Lamphear. (Craw- ford 96:104,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16:78.) 150 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-1 29 B-130 3-131 B-132 B-133 B-136 B-137 Extension . Fairfax. . Fair Play Falcon (Carley, Louisa) Fazzi (Jolly Tar, Mariposa) N'/ 2 sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., by San Domingo Creek 2 mi. NW of Murphys SEl/ 4 sec. 1,T. 3 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,2mi. W of Murphys NEI/4 sec. 29, IMW/4 sec. 28, T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. N of Altaville Fellowcraft EI/ 2 sec. 1 7, T. 4 N., R. (Bode, Veritas) 12 E., M.D.M. B-1 34 Fenian (Finian) Ferguson (Cargo Hill) B-1 35 Fidelity. Finck. Fine Gold Finian . . Finnegan . NEl/4 sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 14E., M.D.M. by Indian Creek and W of Mar John mine, 4 mi. N of Murphys Sec. 1,T. 6N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. E of West Point SEI/4 sec. 30, T. 6 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., N of Gwin mine Sl/2 sec. 29, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. SWi/ 4 sec. 13, T. 2 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. Cyril Monte Verda et al. Altaville LeliaD. Carley, Box 22, Murphys Elvia Woods Riva et al., 4838 Foothill Blvd., Oakland 1 C. J. Tiscornia, San An- dreas Mary Jane Osseli Sheep Ranch Carroll Evans et al., 1 1 44 Yale St., Santa Monica (1936) E. E. Allen, 145 Persia St., San Francisco Not determined . W. P. Caubu, c/o The Drinkhouse Agency, 1257 ShraderSt., San Francisco Fred G. Stevenot et al. 300 Montgomery St. San Francisco Two quartz veins as much as 7 ft. in width in slate strike NWand dip NE. Narrow but rich veins in mica schist quartzite strike W, dip N. On Mother Lode. Three parallel quartz veins in am- phibolite schist strike NW and dip 75° NE. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips 75° S; sulfides abundant. An 8-in. bluish-black quartz vein in granodiorite strikes N, dips 80° W ; several dio- rite dikes. Several veins on slate-granite contact strike NW and dip NE See Carson Hill. See Waterman. Active in 1870s; according tc newspaper article, prospectec 1934 by M. H. Rauchioso o, Murphys. Developed by 500- ft. adit and open cut. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSF 10/25/79:261,- Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1894, and 1 1894, 1895, 1897, 1932; operated 1942 by G. L. Carley of Murphys. Developed by 215-ft. shaft and adit. In 1895 ore was treated in 5-stamp mill (MSP 9/14/95:168,- Crawford 94:94; 96:104,- Kerr 00.) Discovered 1921; intermittently active in 1920s and from 1935 to about 1938; diamond drilled in 1941 . Developed by 300-ft. shaft with 2 levels. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill with Frue van- ners. (Logan 24:5,- 178; 35 142; 36:254,- Julihn 38:128- 129.) (MSP 5/2/85:288; 7/27/96 523; Brown 90:149-50; Pres- ton 93:178; Crawford 94:92; 96:104,- Kerr 00; Storms 00: 105; Tucker 16:78; Logan 35: 138-39,- herein.) Active 1880s and early 1890s. Developed 90-ft. shaft now caved. (Crawford 96:104; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:78-79.) Active prior to 1913, and from 1935-36. Developed by 165- ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:78; Logan 36:254-255.) (MSP 4/20/89:276,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16:78,- Logan 36:266; herein.) Long idle. Worked through 335- ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) (MSP 9/5/85:162,- 11/21/85: 344,- Irelan 87:34-35; Crawford 96:1 04,- Kerr 00,- Tucker 1 6:78; Logan 36:255-56; 289; Min- erals Yearbook 37, 38, 48; herein.) See Fenian. See Carson Hill. (MSP 6/1 5/67: 374; 7/11/91:20; Crawford 94:92,- 96:104,- Kerr 00,- MSP 4/2/10:505; 5/18/15:740; Tucker 16:79; Logan 21:421- 22; Hamilton 22:26,- Logan 24:178; 25:153; 35:139.) ■i M .1963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 151 Map Name of claim, No. mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references First Chance. First Chance. Fler de Ora . Fontanac. . . . Foote & Thompson Ford (Apex) . Forest Creek . Foster Four Hundred . Fox... Franklin . Fredda French. . . . French Hil French & Wood. Fricot group (Co- lumbus, Ro- chester) Sec. 25, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Es- meralda Sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just S of Railroad Flat Not determined. John C. Schoy, Mokel- umne Hill (1936) A 3-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in schist and slate Sec. 27, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Fri- cot School Not determined . Several veins in slate strike Wand dip N. SEi/ 4 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Sees. 7, 18, T. 6 N., R. 14 E.,M.D.M.,4mi. SE of West Point Sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sees. 5, 6, T. 4 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., on .ridge W of El Dorado Creek, 2 mi. W of Mountain Ranch Mrs. Ann Dower, W. W. Steele, Edith Steele, c/o W. W. Steele, Jackson Not determined. A '/2-ft. to 2-ft. vein in gran- odiorite strikes NE; sul- fides abundant. Not determined . Vein in slate and graphitic schist. Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. E of Jenny Lind Sees. 1, 12, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Elizabeth Stalker et al., 15600 Cannon Dr., Los Gatos Several veins in slate and greenstone strike NW; sul- fides abundant. Nl/ 2 sec. 7, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., on French Hill l/ 2 mi. E of Mokelumne Hill French Hill Gold Mines, c/o John I. Bolen, Citizen Savings Bank Bldg., Pasadena A 6-ft. vein dips E. strikes N and Fritz. Galena-Gold (Gold-Galena) NWl/4 sec. 27, NEI/4 sec. 28, T. 4N.,R.13 E., M.D.M., in Fricot Ranch area 5 mi. NW of Murphys Sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 35, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge SE of Skull Flat, 2 mi. NE of West Point State of California (Fricot School) A series of E-striking and N- dipping veins in mica schist. L. F. Bruener, 6th and K Sts., Sacramento (1936) Main quartz vein in grano- diorite strikes N. 16° W., dips 80° SW. Much galena and pyrite. Ore averaged $40 per ton. Long idle. Worked through 50- ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Operated 1936-42 by C. H. Johnson, San Andreas. Devel- oped by 200-ft. adit. (U. S. Bur. Mines records.) See Alpha and Omega. Long idle. Worked through 60- ft. shaft and 230-ft. adit. Ore treated in arrastre. (Kerr 00.) See Quartz Glen. (MSP 5/9/96:382; 12/9/99: 667; Crawford 96:104; Kerr 00; Ransome 00:9,- Storms 00: 107-08; Tucker 16:79-80; Lo- gan 23c:18; 24:4,76; 25:144; Knopf 29:70-71; Logan 35: 139-40; 36:257; herein.) Unpatented claim. Operated by Forest Creek Mining Company intermittently, 1923-29. De- veloped by 420-ft. N drift adit and 55-ft. winze, 225 ft. in from portal. (Logan 24:76; 25: 153,- 36:257-258.) Active about 1914. Developed by 200-ft. shaft and crosscut adit. (Tucker 16:109.) See Angels. Long idle. Developed by 50-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Arthur. Active around 1900. Developed by crosscut adit. (MSP 8/1 1 /00:1 59; Storms 00:1 25.) See Carson Hill. Group of lode and placer claims. Long idle. Included Columbus, Rochester, and Fricot Consoli- dated mines. Developed by shafts and adits. See Sultana. (Crawford 96:104.) Active 1902-06; operated by Winsor Investment Company 1935-36. Developed by 200- ft. shaft with levels at 100 and 200 ft. and drifts. (MSP 1 /25/- 02:53,- Tucker 16:82; Logan 23a:21 ; 36:258.) 152 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. B-143 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-144 B-145 B-146 B-147 B-148 B-149 G. A. R. Garfield . Garibaldi Garibaldi Garland Ranch. Garner (Baltimore, Calaveras) Gaston Hill. Sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 24, T. 3 N., R. E., M.D.M., 3 NW of Altaville 12 Gateway. General Arthur. German Ridge and Jupiter Geravanti . Gertrude. Ghost. Gilbertson Gilbertson . E'/ 2 sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. due S of Glencoe Sees. 8, 18, T. 3 N., R. 14E., M.D.M. , 2 mi. S of Murphys 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., by Big Bar in Amador and Cala- veras Counties, 2 l /2 mi. N of Mokelumne Hill SWl/ 4 sec. 10,SEl/ 4 sec. 9, T. 4 H ., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 '/2 mi. due S of Mountain Ranch in Dirty Gulch Sec. 15, T. 1 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. S of Copperopolis Sec. 24, T. 7 N. E., M.D.M. R. 13 Sees. 15,16, T. 3 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M. Sees. 14, 15.T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. W of Mokelumne Hill NEl/ 4 sec. 25, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Calaveritas SWl/4 sec. 34, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in E portion of Angels Camp Sec. 23, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge above Mokelumne River, 4 mi. NE of West Point Rosa Cassinelli et al., 350 Euclid Ave., Oakland (1936) C. E. Shufelton, 1 7 Chat- anooga St., San Fran- cisco W. B. Lenhart, 1424 East Ocean Ave , Long Beach (1936) Not determined. Robert C. Burge, and Charles P. Yeager, Mountain Ranch Not determined. German Ridge and Jup iter Gold Mines Corp., c/o Mrs. M. M. E. Johnson, Angels Camp Not determined J. J. Agostini, Angels Camp (1936) Not determined . Not determined. Vein zone as much as 250 ft. in width in slate and green- stone strikes NW; on Mother Lode. Several veins in slate strike NW, dip NE ; abundant sulfides. Lode and placer deposits. Several NE-striking veins with abundant pyrite. Two Tertiary channels 18 to 35 ft. thick overlain by ande- site. On Mother Lode. Vein in diorite strikes NE and dips NW. A 2'/2-ft. vein in mica schist and slate strikes N. 80° W. and dips N; contains free gold and sulfides,- brown opal present. Ore mined in early operations yielded $1 5 per ton. Vein in greenstone and slate strikes NW and dips NE. Ve slate. Vein in slate and mica schist strikes N. A vein as much as 20 ft. thick in amphibolite strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. See Tracy. Active many years ago,- pros- pected in 1930s. Worked through shallow shaft and 400- ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 191 4; prospected in 1930s. Developed by 60- and 40-ft. shafts. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:80; Logan 36:259.) Active prior to and during 1935- 36. Veins are developed by open cuts and short adit. Chan- nel developed by 60-ft; shaft and drifts. (Logan 36:259.) Active prior to 1 889 and from 1889 to arpund 1901. Devel- oped by vertical shaft and cross- cut adit. Ore treated in 10- stamp mill. (MSP 4/20/89: 278; 6/3/99:590; Crawford 96:105; Storms 00:123-124.) Active prior to and during 1 880s and 1930s,- intermittently pros- pected since. Developed by old caved 1 60-ft. shaft and new open shaft. (MSP 1 /22/87:56 ; 4/20/89:276,- Kerr 00.) Active 1936-40. Developed by 300-ft. shaft. Ore treated in stamp mill. (U. S. Bur. Mines records.) (Brown 90:148-49,- Crawford 96: 105; Kerr 00,- Tucker 16:80; Logan 36:259-60; Julihn 38: 133-134,- herein.) Active prior to 1914. (Tucker 16:80.) Prospect,- long idle. Active 1896 to around 1900, and 1921; dump later used as road fill. Developed by N open 1350-ft. and S 350-ft. shafts with crosscuts. (Crawford 96 105,- MSP 11/28/96:446 Tucker 16:80-81,- Logan 21 424.) Active prior to 1 91 3. Developed by 70-ft. drift adit and 70-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:80.) See Deerfoot. Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 153 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Gilded Age . Gladiator . Gladstone . GU Glencoe group . (Mexican, RidgeView, Sierra King, Sierra Queen, Stoetzer, Valentine) Gloy . Gold Bug. Gold Cliff. Gold Cliff. Golden Eagle . . Golden Fleece Golden Gate. Golden Hill . Golden Reef . Sec. 17, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., by South Fork Mokelumne River, 3 mi. SW of West Point Sec. 1, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Mokelumne Hill Sec. 7, T. 3 N., R. E., M.D.M., i/ 2 SW of Murphys 14 Sl/ 2 sec. 17, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., by South Fork Mokel- umne River 1 1/2 mi. NW of Glencoe Sees. 19, 20, 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Valentine Gulch 1 mi. N of Glencoe Sec. 7,T. 4N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Mountain Ranch Sec. 25, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.. at Skull Flat 3 mi. NE of West Point SE'/ 4 sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 25, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. E of Fricot Ranch SWi/ 4 sec.9,T. 4N.,R. 14 E M.D.M. ,1 mi. E of Sheep Ranch T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of West Pojnt Not determined. Not determined. Sec. 1,T.4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. NEl/4 sec. 25, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Murphys by Indian Creek Not determined. S. M. Haslett, 60 Cali- fornia St., San Fran- cisco Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco 9 Not determined. C. R. Kenyon, West Point (1936) Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco Sam Vukovich, Jackson (1936) G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch Vernon Striker, Railroad Flat (1936) Lookout Mountain Min- ing Co., 33 California St., San Francisco Dora Gold Mining Co., 243 Geary St., San Francisco (1936) Vein in granodiorite strikes N, dips W,- abundant sul- fides. Vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. N-striking vein in mica schist and slate. Two veins as much as 8 ft. thick with abundant sulfides strike NW and dip NE; slate and limestone country rock. Vein in granodiorite strikes N. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NE. Vein in granodiorite strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. Long idle. Developed by N- trending 200-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 1 50- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active around 1896. Developed by 125-ft. adit. (Crawford 96: 105.) Active 1870s and 1880s. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. De- veloped by adit. (MSP 2/18/- 71:100; 9/10/81:170; Kerr 00.) Consolidation of Valentine, Mexi- can, Sierra King, Sierra Queen, RidgeView, and Stoetzer claims, which were worked 1870s and 1880s,- prospected 1930s. Ore treated in 20-stamp mill. See under each mine. (Tucker 16: 81.) Long idle. Worked through 50- ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle,- developed by shaft. (MSP 10/27/83:260; Brown 90: 150; Fairbanks 90:60; MSP 7/9/92:28; Crawford 94:92- 93; 96:105; Kerr 00; Ransome 00:9; Storms 00:111; MSP 11/12/10.652,- Tucker 16:81- 82; Hamilton 20:17; Minerals Yearbook 20; Logan 21:422; Knopf 29:71-72; Logan 35: 140-141; Julihn 38:136; Bow- en 48:56; herein.) Long idle. Developed by cut. (Kerr 00.) open Active prior to and during middle 1920s. Developed by 1 00-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00; Logan 24:5.) Prospected 1932-36. Ore treated in 2- and 5-stamp mills. (Logan 36:261.) See Commodore. (MSP 3/3/77:133; Crawford 96: 106; Kerr 00; Logan 36:270; Julihn 38:127; herein.) Long idle. (Kerr 00.) 154 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-156 B-157 B-158 B-159 B-160 B-161 B-162 B-163 B-164 Golden Rule . . . Golden Sherer. . Golden Slipper. Golden Star. . . . Golden Stqr. Golden State Golden Sulphuret Golden West. Gold Galena. Gold Hill.... Gold Hill.. Gold Hill... Gold Kins • Gold King . . Gold Knoll. Gold Metal. Gold Reserve Cons. Sec. 12, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Altaville Sec. 16, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Fricot School SWl/ 4 sec. 2,T. 2N.,R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,2mi. SE of Angels Camp Not determined. Not determined. Not determined . Sec. 35, T. 6 N. E., M.D.M., Rich Gulch R. 13 Sec. 12, T. 13 N.,R. 14 E., M.D.M. , in Collier viile district 5 mi. E of Murphys and just N of Stanislaus River by Camp 9 road Sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Sheep Ranch NWi/ 4 sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Murphys NWl/ 4 sec. 32, T. 3 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M. EI/ 2 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Blue Mountain by Licking Fork Mo- kelumne River Sec. 22, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Mokelumne Hill Nl/ 2 sec. 32, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. NEl/4 sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Hodson and 1 mi. NW of Mountain King mine Not determined . Helen Hunter Monihan and Geraldine Hunter, Alta Mira Hotel, Saus alito (1936) Not determined. Julius J. Sirvain et al., Box 495, Clearlake Highlands Charles C. Crespi et al. Angels Camp J. T. Jones, Railroad Flat (1938) Not determined. Louis Cereghino, c/o FredSeitz, 1 540 Carol Ave., Burlingame Not determined Vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein as much as 1 1 ft. thick in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein zone as much as 40 ft. thick in greenstone strikes NW, dips NE,- on Mother Lode. A 4- to 1 2-ft. vein in granite with abundant sulfides strikes N and dips 45° W. White to gray quartz vein in micaceous slate and quartz- ite strikes W and dips steeply N. Two 4-ft. veins in slate strike NW and dip NE. Vein in mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. A vein in greenstone and metadiorite strikes N. 60° W. On Mother Lode. A 4-ft. vein in diorite. A 5-ft. vein of quartz string- ers and pyritic chlorite- sericite schist strikes N. 15° W. and dips 70° SW. See A. V. G. Long idle. Worked through 175- ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 40- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 70- ft. shaft and 1 20-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 50- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Long idle,- may have been pros- pected in 1930s. Developed by several open W drift adits. Active early 1900s. Worked through 350-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) See Galena-Gold. Discovered 1857; active 1860s, 1880s, and 1933-39. Devel- oped by 110-ft. shaft and 3 adits, 190, 500, and 400 ft. in length. (MSP 10/11/66:294; 4/13/83:252,- Tucker 16:82,- Logan 36:260.) (MSP 7/9/92:28; Preston 93 171; MSP 3/17/94:173 Crawford 94:93; 96:105-06 Kerr 00; Logan 36:242; here in.) Active prior to and during late 1930s,- last operator Blue Mountain Gold Mining Co. Developed by open 21 4-ft. drift adit and 7 5-ft. winze. (Logan 36:261.) Active 1 883. Developed by shaft and adit. (MSP 1 0/1 3/83:228; Kerr 00.) (Logan 36:260; herein.) Long idle. Developed by several open inclined shafts and open cuts. See Bruner. Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 155 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Gold Standard . Gold Star (An- derson Flat, Tolman) Gold Valley Good Hope . . Good Hope. . Good Hope Group Good Hope, Sun- rise and Cala- veras Queen Good Luck . NWi/ 4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Jenny Lind Sec. 18, T. 6 N., R. 14 E.,M.D.M., 4 mi. SE of West Point Not determined. SW'/ 4 sec. R. 13 E. mi. W Camp 32, T. 3 N., M.D.M., 1 of Angels Gopher Gopher Hill . Gospel Gottschalk Gould Grace Darling Graham Grand Prize. . Sec. 6,T. 5N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NEof Mokelumne Hill NEl/ 4 sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. due N of Glencoe Sees. 19, 20, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Glencoe Sees. 18, 19, T. 6N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge between South Fork and Licking Fork of Mokelumne River NWl/ 4 sec. 32, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. E Railroad Flat Sec. 19, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sec. 10, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Telegraph City by Buckhorn Creek R. F. Funston, West Point (1936) Mary Louise Tiscornia, c/o A. A. Tiscornia, 436 Kearney St., San Francisco 8 Not determined Myrtle Rader Glencoe et Vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. A 4-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes N and dips E; rich in sulfides, ore averaged up to $5 3 per ton. Vein in green schist strikes NW, and dips NE. A 3-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. A 1 - to 3-ft. vein in mica schist and slate strikes N. SW'Asec. 7,'T. 4N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1i/ 2 mi. NW of San An- dreas Sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near town of Carson Hill Sec. 27, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Fri- cot School Sec. 13, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of West Point Myrtle Rader et al., Glencoe Not determined . Harry C. Bosse, Railroad Flat H. L. Donner, Milton . Mrs. C. V. Gottschalk Estate, c/o C. T. Shinn, 2684 Marty Way, Sacramento Not determined Not determined Grand Prize Mining Co., West Point Series of N-striking, 65° E- dipping quartz veins in slate and mica schist. Vein in schist strikes N. A 1 '/2-ft. quartz vein in pyr- itized greenstone strikes NW and dips NE,- ore is base with considerable silver. Ore mined in 1930s yielded $9 per ton. On Mother Lode. A 2- to 20-ft. vein strikes NW, and dips NE; slate footwall and amphibolite hanging wall; also several E-striking veins. Vein strikes N. 45° W. and dips 65° NE. Several W-striking veins in slate and schist. Vein in granodiorite strikes N and dips W; abundant sulfides. Long idle. Discovered 1858; active 1870s, 1935-36; prospected 1946 by Dollar Hill Mining Co. Devel- oped by 145-ft. vertical shaft with level at 1 1 ft. and 1 40-ft. drift. (MSP 8/1/74:68; 6/26/77:213; Logan 36:261; herein.) On Mother Lode. Active prior to 1895. Developed by shaft. (MSP 6/29/95:414,- Crawford 96:106; Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 1 50- ft. shaft and several adits. (Kerr 00.) An extension of San Bruno mine. Active 1 870s. Developed by adit and shaft. See also San Bruno mine. (MSP 11/25/71:324; 1/13/72:20.) Included Good Hope, Monte Cristo, Oriental, and San Bruno claims. See also Good Hope and San Bruno. (Tucker 16:82.) Active around 1914. Developed by 1 00-ft. shaft and 2 adits 340 and 120 ft. in length. (Tucker 16:82.) Active around 1921. Vein de- veloped by crosscut adit and drift. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Hamilton 22:26.) Gold and copper mine. Active 1921 and 1934-36. Developed by 84-ft. shaft with levels at 40 and 80 ft. See also under Cop- per. (Logan 36:262.) See Kate Hageman. Active prior to and during 1 890s. Developed by 492-ft. shaft, a 500-ft. adit on 1 92-ft. level and a 200-ft. drift on 1 00-ft. level. (MSP 8/31/95:135, Crawford 96:106-107; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:83; Logan 36:262.) Active around 1914. Developed by 75-ft. shaft and 250-ft. adit. (Tucker 16:83.) Long idle. Worked through 215- ft. adit and 195-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Big Spring. Now being prospected. Devel- oped by 260-ft. adit. 156 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-171 B-172 B-173 B-174 B-175 B-176 B-177 B-178 B-179 Granite. Grasshopper Grasshopper. Gray Great Divide . Great Western. Great Western . Greek. Greek Greenstone . Guadaloupe. GuifTra Gumboot Gwin . HaU Hamby SEl/ 4 sec. 33, T. 7N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of West Point NW'/ 4 sec. 4, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SE of Vallecito Forrest L. Johnstone, 35 Garces Dr., San Fran- cisco 27 Not determined . A 4-ft. vein in granite strikes NE and dips SE. A 3-ft. vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. Sec. 23, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge SE of North Fork Mo- kelumne River, 4 mi. NE of West Point E>/ 2 sec. 1,T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Murphys Not determined. Robert A. Zarick, Mur- phys Vein in granodiorite strikes N,- abundant sulfides. Two parallel veins in mica schist and graphitic slate strike W and dips N. Sl/ S sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., at Altaville Wl/ 2 sec. 14, T. 4 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. NW of Cave City SEi/ 4 sec. 12,T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., on Stockton Ridge, at Mokelumne Hill SE'/ 4 sec. 26, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M 2 mi. NE of Esmeralda School by Indian Creek Sees. 15, 16, 21, 22, 27,28.T. 5 N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. Nl/ 2 sec. 24, SWI/ 4 sec. 23, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of Mokelumne Hill Irene G. Lee and James H. Lee, 1 745 Cayuga Ave., San Francisco Not determined . On Mother Lode. A 6- to 20-ft. vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Limestone to E and W. Marie Nuner, Mokel- umne Hill William Nuner, San Andreas (1936) Gwin Mine Develop- ment Co., c/o J. A. Levensaler, 233 San- some St., San Fran- cisco Robert Gallagher, Val- ley Springs Vein in schist strikes N. Vein in mica schist and slate strikes W and dips N. Ore body 10 to 20 ft. wide, in quartz vein and stringers, strikes NW and dips NE; greenstone footwall, slate hanging wall. Active 1870s and 1896. Devel- oped by 130-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 4/14/77:229,- 4/25/96:342; Kerr 00.) Active around 1914. Developed by upper 360-ft. and lower 200-ft. adits. (Tucker 16:83). See Banner. Active prior to 1914. Developed by 200-ft. crosscut and 1 00-ft. drift adits. (Tucker 16:83.) Active prior to 1 91 4, 1 935-38 in conjunction with adjoining Last Chance mine, and prospected 1957. Developed by two open shallow shafts. See also Last Chance. (Logan 36:267-268.) See Western. Active in 1896-97. Developed by 220-ft. shaft with 3 levels. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 1 1 /21 /96:426,- Kerr 00; Storms 00:1 20; Logan 35:1 41 .) Long idle. See Alpha & Omega. See Tryon. See Homestead. Active 1 902. Developed by 1 05- ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10- stamp mill. (MSP 7/1 2/02:26 ; j Tucker 16:84.) Active during gold rush with sub- stantial output and again about 1905. Developed by 700-ft. adit and shaft. (MSP 8/26/05: 145; Logan 36:262.) (MSP 3/18/71:163,- 5/23/74: 326; 6/6/77:383; Irelan 87: 30-34; Fairbanks 90:67; Craw- ford 94:93,- MSP 12/9/94: 362; 9/14/95:168; Crawford 96:107-08,- MSP 4/23/98: 437-440; Kerr 00; Ransome 00: 8; Storms 00:100-104; Tucker 16:84-85; Minerals Yearbook 27,- Logan 35:1 41-42; 38:1 36,- herein.) See Angels Deep. (Fairbanks 90: 60; Brown 90:147-48; Craw- ford 94:93.) Active prior to and during 1900- 16. Developed by 300-ft. ver- tical shaft, crosscuts, and drifts. Ore treated in 20-stamp mill with Frue vanners. (Kerr 00; MSP 11/12/04:330; 7/1/16: 27; Tucker 16:85-86.) Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 157 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference Hancock and Tibbits Hardscrabble (Bull Frog) Hardy (McCreight) Hardy.. . . Harris mill SEl/4 sec. 10, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., near Middle Bar bridge, 21/2 mi. NW of Mokelumne Hill NEl/4 sec. 6, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge above Murray Creek 2 mi. W of Mountain Ranch Sl/ 2 sec. 11, Nl/2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.. on N slope Chaparral Hill 3 mi. S of Angels Camp East Bay Municipal Util- ity District, Oakland Louis Bauer, Camp Tam- arack (1936) Utica Mines et al., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco On Mother Lode. A NW- striking vein in greenstone and slate developed by crosscut adit and open cut. Two narrow veins in slate strike E and dip S. Ore yielded up to $30 per ton. On Mother Lode. Quartz vein with abundant sulfides in diorite and slate strikes NW and dips NE. 3 miles S of West Point J; H. Thompson Ranch, West Point (1936) Ha Haskins. . Hawkins. Hazel Dell. Ha Heckendorn (Blue Mountain) H« Hercult- Hicks SWi/4 nee. 34, T. 6 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., in Rich Gulch area 6 mi. NE of Mokelumne Hill SEi/ 4 sec. 8, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,4mi. SW of Railroad Flat in Hazel Dell Gulch SEI/4 sec. 27, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Mexican Gulch, 1 '/2 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch SEl/ 2 sec. 18, T. 6"N., R.15E.,M.D.M.,12 mi. E of West Point by Licking Fork of South Fork Mokel- umne River SWi/ 4 sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of San Andreas Sees. 24, 25, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge between San Antonio and Indian Creeks, 5 mi. N of Murphys Sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Carl and Violet Dell'- Orto et al., Mokel- umne Hill Not determined. George W. Carr Jr., Mountain Ranch (1936) W. H. Gardner, 901 S. Windsor Blvd., Los Angeles 19 A number of veins in gran- odiorite. Vein in mica schist and slate strikes N. A '/2- to 2 l /2-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Ore yielded $20 per ton. Main vein strikes N and dips W,- two other intersecting veins,- granodiorite, diorite, and gneiss country rock. Rosa Casinelli, 1059 Longridge Road, Oak land (1936) E. G. Staples, Mountain Ranch (1936) Vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Long idle. (Crawford 96:108, Kerr 00; Tucker 16:86.) Unpatented claim. Active 1928 and 1936. Developed by 100- and 40-ft. shafts and 300-ft. adit. (Logan 36:262-63.) Intermittently active from 1880s to 1923. Developed by 170- ft. shaft and 360-ft. adit. (MSP 6/23/88:396; Preston 93:1 74; Crawford 94:93; 96:112; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:86; Logan 25: 154; Logan 35:142.) See Bolitha. Custom mill that operated from 1 860s to 1 883. Tailings treated in plant containing ball mill and classifiers owned by Dr. A. J. Maurer of Oakland in 1935-36. (Logan 36:290.) See Oriole. See Champion. Active prior to and during 1920s. Developed by open cuts and adits. (Logan 25:154.) Long idle. Developed by adit. Active early 1930s. Developed by 175-ft. N crosscut adit, 100 ft. of drifts, and 40-ft. winze. (Logan 36:263.) Discovered 1 863; active 1 860s and 1870s,- operated 1935-36 by owner. Main vein developed by 50-ft. shaft, drifts, and open cut. Ore treated originally in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 5/14/64: 325,- 3/24/66:178; 4/4/74: 213,- Kerr 00; Logan 36:263- 64; Minerals Yearbook 36; Julihn 38:1 30-31 ,• Eric 48:220.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. Active 1889 to about 1904; worked by E. G. Staples in 1941. Developed by 200-ft. and 1 60-ft. shafts. (MSP 4/20/- 89:276; Crawford 96:108; Tucker 16:86; Logan 36:249- 250.) 158 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-189 B-190 B-191 B-192 B-193 B-194 B-195 B-196 Hicks Hicks Hidden Treasure Hidden Treasure Hill Top Hobo. Hog Pe Holland. Holmes. Holmes Holy Ghost Homestake. . Homestake Homestead (Guadaloupe) Hoosier . Hostler. Hub Huds T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., in Salt Spring Valley, 4 mi. NW Copperopolis Not determined. Quartz vein in slate. NEi/ 4 sec. 1,T. 3 N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Murphys Sec. 8, T. 3 N. E., M.D.M. R. 14 SWl/4 sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Murphys Sees. 19, 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Near Hodson,- adjoins Royal and Mountain King mines Sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Angels Camp SI/2 sec. 20, NI/2 sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 12 E. ; M.D.M., 1 mi. S of San Andreas Sec. 20, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi.NE of Glencoe Thomas F. Denslow et al c/o Mrs. Robert Bar- ron, 2801 23d Ave., Sacramento Not determined . Jackson D. McCarty es- tate, Copperopolis Not determined. Not determined Not determined. W-striking vein in slate and mica schist,- abundant sul- fides. White to gray quartz vein with sulfides strikes NW and dips NE; micaceous slate country rock. Vein in greenstone and slate strikes NW, dips NE. Several veins as much as 7 ft. thick in slate and green- stone strike NW and dip NE. On Mother Lode. An 8- to 16-ft. vein strikes NW, dips NE and has slate hanging wall and green- stone footwall. On Mother Lode. A 3-ft. quartz vein in gran- odiorite strikes N. 20° W. and dips 50° W. Sec. 34, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 1,T. 3N.,R. 14E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Murphys Not determined . High-grade pockets in E- striking quartz veins and lenses in mica schist. T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., iy 4 mi. SE of Glencoe Not determined. Granodiorite country rock. NWi/4 sec. 3, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch NWi/ 4 sec.9,T. 3N.,R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Murphys SE'/ 4 sec. 11,T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., by Latimer Gulch 2 mi. W of San Andreas W. R. O'Connell, San Andreas (1936) Not determined . Maria Macchiavello, 1 754 Great Highway, San Francisco Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. A 3- to 5-ft. vein in slate and greenstone strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE. Prospected around 1896. De- veloped by crosscut adit and 1 30-ft. shaft. (Crawford 96:1 08.) See California. Active intermittently 1925-39 Ore cyanided. (Logan 36:264.) Active many years ago,- now being prospected. Developed by two short N-crosscut adits. Consists of Hill Top and Mauritas claims. Prospected 1930-31. (Logan 36:264.) n Active 1897. Developed by 50- ft. shaft and 230-ft. adit. (MSP 11/6/97:434/ Kerr 00.) Active 1 896. Developed by 500- ft. crosscut adit. Ore treated in Huntington mill. (Crawford 96: 108; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:86.) Active 1870s. Developed by 375-ft. adit. Ore treated in 10- stamp mill. (MSP 11/24/77: 322,- Tucker 16:86.) See h Boyd. Active 1890s and 1938-42. (Crawford 94:93; 96:108; Tucker 16:87.) See Dora and Homestake. Active 1866 and 1893. (MSP 12/1/66:342; Crawford 94: 94; 96:108.) See Shenandoah. Long idle. Developed by adit. Long idle. Developed by shaft. Extensively mined in 1 870s ; active around 1 893; prospected 1928- 29. Developed by open 300- ft. shaft, 100-ft. shaft and open cuts. (MSP 3/30/72:196,- Crawford 94:94 ; 96:109; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:87.) Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 159 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference Humming Bird. . Hurricane Idaho Consolid- ated Idora Ike Citron Ilex (Anglo-Saxon Tiger) Independence . Independence . Ingomar Iron Rock. Isabel Jacks Sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sec. 27? T. 4 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., near Fri- cot Ranch Sec. 5, T. 5 N.,R.12E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NEof Mokelumne Hill Sec. 36, T. 4 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,2mi.SW of Kentucky House SEi/ 4 sec. 35J.6N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M. Ni/ 9 sec. 16, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. S of San Andreas T. 4 N., R. 14 E.. M.D.M., 31/2 mi. N of Murphys Desire J. Fricot, Angels Camp (1936) Not determined . Not determined. Veins in mica schist strike NW, dip NE. Two series of veins strike N. Two veins as much as 10 ft. thick in greenstone strike NW and dip NE. W.W.Steele and Julius Podesta, Jackson Lurline Tilden, 626 S. Spring St., Los An- geles (1936) Charles Marcum et al. Murphys (1936) Two veins, one striking N. 5° E.. and the other' N. 30° W.; slate and schist country rock. A 5-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE; contains $9 ore. Jackson . Janie Boyd (Holmes, Sanchez) Jasper Jenkins. SWl/4 sec. 35, T. 5 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 ! /2 mi. NE of Campo Seco SEl/ 4 sec. 14,T. 2N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. W of Vallecito W'/ 2 sec. 1 3, T. 4 N., R. 11 E„ M.D.M., near Highway 12, 3 mi. NW of San An- dreas Sees. 2, 11', T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M l/ 2 mi. SE of Campo Seco Sec. 13, T. 6 N. E., M.D.M. R. 13 T. 4 N., R 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi.SWof Sheep Ranch Arnoldo Moss, San Jose (1936) Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Not determined Not determined . . Wm. Arbunarus, Campo Seco (1936) Not determined. A 10-ft. vein with free gold and sulfides strikes N. 30° W. and dips 60° NE,- am- phibolite and talc schist country rock. Vein in quartz-mica schist. Vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE,- several intersect- ing veins. Series of parallel quartz and calcite veins in greenstone and slate contains free gold and sulfides. A 2- to 4-ft. vein in schist. Active prior to 1 91 4. Developed by adits. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 87.) Prospected prior to 1914. (Tucker 16:87.) Active early 1900s. Worked through 125-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) (MSP 3/21/68:182; 3/28/68: 198; 6/16/77:197; Irelan 88: 135-38; Crawford 94:94,- Tur- ner 94:9; Kerr 00; Logan 36: 264-65; herein.) Active 1 889 to 1 900. Developed by 200-ft. inclined shaft with 2 levels. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (Brown 90:149; MSP 7/ 23/92:69; Crawford 94:94,- 96:109,- Kerr 00; Storms 00: 107,- Tucker 16:87; Logan 35: 148.) Long idle. Developed by 5 5-ft. vertical shaft and 240-ft. adit. (Logan 36:265.) See Carson Hill. Active during gold rush,- pros- pected 1935-36 by Joe Nunez. Developed by 500-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 300, 380, and 500 ft. and SW crosscut adit. (Logan 36:265,- Eric 42: 220.) See Carson Hill. (Crawford 94:94; 96:109; MSP 11/9/95:306; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:87.) Active around 1914. Developed by 75-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:88.) Intermittently worked for pockets from about 1896 to 1913. (Crawford 96:109; Tucker 16: 88.) See Utica. Active prior to and during 1935- 36,- also placer mined. Devel- oped by 500- and 185-ft. SE adits. (Tucker 1 6:57,- Logan 36: 265-266.) Prospected in 1 896. (Crawford 96:109.) 160 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references k B-205 B-206 B-207 B-208 Jersey John Henry. Johnston. Jolly Tar. Jones. . . Jones . Jumbo . Jumper (Rose Rock) Kaiser Wilhelm . K. and J. Kate Hagemen (Comet, Gospel) Kelh Keltz Kenross. Kentucky Kentucky House Keystone Sec. 26, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of San Andreas NEi/ 4 sec. 2,T. 6N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 ~ : . NE of West Point C. C. Moller estate, c/o Mrs. A. M. Moller, Valley Springs (1936) Not determined. mi T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NW of West Point Sec. 25, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. E of Glencoe Sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 14 E.,M.D.M.,NofSan Domingo Creek; 4'/2 mi. N of Murphys SE'/ 4 sec. 32, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SE of Glencoe NWi/ 4 sec. 34, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 'A mi. N of Esmeralda School and just W of Esmeralda mine Sl/ 2 sec.6,Nl/2sec. 7,T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , 31/2 mi. W of Sheep Ranch S'/ 2 sec. 24, T. 7 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M. Sees. 11, 12, T. 5 N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., on ridge W of Esperanza Creek, 5 mi. E of Mo- kelumne Hill Sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., near Ken- tucky House Sec. 5,T. 5N.,R. 12E., M.D.M, 2 mi. NEof Mokelumne Hill M. Donnallon, West Point (1936) M. H. Manuel, Murphys Not determined. Alma Investment Co., 1257ShraderSt.,San Francisco 1 7 D. C. Demarest and C. E. Gibson, San Andreas Delaray Mines, Inc., et al., c/o John Numoz, Mokelumne Hill Not determined. Julia B. Higgens, Mount Kisco, N. y. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined Two veins as much as 10 ft. thick in slate and green- stone strike NW and dip NE. Vein in granodiorite strikes N and dips W; abundant sulfides. A 4-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes N and dips 55° W. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. A 1 '/2-ft. vein in mica schist with dike strikes NE and dips NW; quartz is white to blue. Vein in slate and mica schist strikes N. Vein in mica schist and slate strikes W and dips N. Vein in quartz-mica schist.. Vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein zone as much as 30 ft. thick strikes N. Active early 1900s. Worked through 125-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. Operated 1934-36 by L. G. Johnston of Los Angeles. De- veloped by 110-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 50 and 100 ft. (Logan 36:266.) Active prior to and during 1 895. Developed by 200-ft. shaft. (Crawford 96:109.) See Carson Creek. See Empire. Active 1 890s. Developed by upper 150- and lower 230-ft. adits. (Crawford 96:117; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:88.) Active in 1880s, again in 1935. Developed by 1 50-ft. vertical shaft and 300-ft. adit. (MSP 1 0/29/81 :282 ; Kerr 00; Logan 36:266.) Long idle. Developed by 100-ft. shaft and 1 50-ft. N crosscut adit. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:88.) (MSP 5/10/73:292; 2/21/85: 128; Crawford 96:101; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:74, 82; Logan 36:267; Minerals Yearbook 37, 38, 40, 41; herein.) Active prior to 1 896. Developed by 180-ft. adit. (Crawford 96: 109.) (MSP 6/6/85:368; Crawford 94: 94; 96:110; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:88; Hamilton 22:27; Logan 23a: 19; 23c: 17-18; herein.) Active as hydraulic and lode mine prior to 1914. (Tucker 16:88.) See Carson Hill. Active during 1890s. Developed by 160-ft. shaft. (Crawford 94: 94; 96:110; MSP 5/9/96: 382; Kerr 00 ; Tucker 16:88.) Active early 1900s. Worked through 160-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) IN !I0 Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 161 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references i-209 Keystone Nl/ 2 sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NW of Altaville by Highway 49 John Malaspina, Alta- ville (1936) On Mother Lode. Quartz vein with pyrite strikes N. 55° W. and dips NE; green schist footwall and phyllite hanging wall. Long idle. Developed by open vertical shaft. Keystone Sees. 25, 26,35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,at Railroad Flat Delbert Seeman, Rail- road Flat Vein with abundant sulfides in mica schist strikes N. Active prior to and during 1 890s, and in 1917. Developed by 100-ft. shaft and drifts. (MSP 7/16/92:44; 8/11/17:215; Crawford 96:110.) 1-210 Keystone S>/ 2 sec. 12,T. 3 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,2mi. SW of Murphys Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes WNW and dips N. Long idle. Developed by shaft. T. 4 N:, R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge be- tween Indian and San Domingo Creeks, 2 mi. S of Sheep Ranch Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. Active around 1914. Developed by 50-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:88.) King Solomon . . . Sec. 1,T.6N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M.,2'/ 2 mi.Eof West Point Carroll Evans et al., 1 1 44 Yale St., Santa Monica (1936) Narrow vein in granodiorite strikes N; sulfides abun- dant; several diorite dikes. Active many years ago,- pros- pected ,1 935-36. Developed by 140-ft. shaft. (Logan 36: 255.) Kuhn See Morning Star. La France Sec. 29, T. 2 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. SW of Angels Camp Not determined Two veins 4 to 8 ft. thick in slate and greenstone strike NW and dip NE. Active early 1900s. Worked through 65-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) 1-211 Lamphear Sec. 18, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Roanoke Mining Co., c/o Frank A. West, 311 E. Main St., Stockton 5 (MSP 4/7/66:210; 9/21/67: 182; 11/5/81:300; 6/13/96: 282; Kerr 00; Logan 23c:18; 24:76; 25:155; 36:267; here- in.) r Lamphyre T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M. , 3/ 4 mi. NW of Comanche Not determined Vein in greenstone Active around 1 896. Worked through a drain tunnel. (Craw- ford 94:94; 96:110.) See Madison. La Petite Sec. 15, T. 5 N., R..13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. S of Railroad Flat Not determined A 1 '/2-ft. vein in slate and greenstone strikes N. 22° W. and dips 80° NE. Active prior to and in 1 91 7. De- veloped by 100-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00; MSP 6/9/17:816.) Last Chance Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Mountain Ranch John Guth, Mountain Ranch (1936) Vein in quartz-mica schist and slate. Active prior to 1936. Developed by 75-ft. and 200-ft. adits. (Logan 36:267.) -212 Last Chance Sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on SE slope of Carson Hill adjoining South Caro- Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Active prior to 1894. See also Carson Hill. (Crawford 94:94; 96:110; Kerr 00.) lina claim -213 Last Chance SW'/ 4 sec. 34, T. 3 N„ R. 13 E., M.D.M., just S of Angels Camp, on Utica vein Not determined Vein in green schist strikes NW and dips NE,- several rich pockets. On Mother Lode. Active 1890s. Developed by 320- and 70-ft. shafts. (Crawford 96:110; MSP 11/20/97:486; Storms 00: 122 ; Tucker 16:89.) -214 Last Chance NEl/ 4 sec. 13, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Murphys Innocent Calzasia estate, c/o Pauline Klein, 2417 E. Church St., Stockton (1936) Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. Long idle. 162 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-215 B-216 B-217 B-218 B-219 B-220 B-221 B-222 Last Chance (Great Divide) Last Chance. . Last Chance . . La Verne. . . . Lawson Leader Legal Tender Leonard Le Roi Lew Wallace . Liberty Bell . Lightnt Lindc Lindsay (Blac!< George, Machu, San Antonio) Sec. 1,T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Murphys. NW'/ 4 sec. 25, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Skull Flat 3 mi. NE of West Point. John Guastilli, Murphys Sec. 32, T. 7 N. E., M.D.M. R. 13 Nl/2 sec. 20, T. 6 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. '/2 mi. E Glencoe. Sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sees. 18 and 19, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. E of Jenny Lind El/2 sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 1 3 E., and SW'/ 4 sec. 19, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. on ridge be- tween Indian and San Antonio Creeks, 4 mi. NW of Murphys, near Bon Ton mine. WI/2 sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. on N side of Murray Creek, 2 mi. N of San An- dreas. Sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 12 E.,M.D.M.,2mi.NE of San Andreas Sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.. M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Railroad Flat NEl/4 sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 11/2 mi. NE of Mokelumne Hill Wi/ 2 sec. 33, T. 3N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 1/2 mi W Angels Camp Not determined. J.S.Wright, 1608 Derby St., Berkeley (1936) Not determined. Orpha E. Stanley, c/o Jasoer W. Moore, P.O. Box 522, Boron E. C. and O. M. Leonard, Angels Camp Not determined. W. T. Treat, San Andreas (1936) B. F. Wellington, Jr., 409 Park Way, Pied- mont 1 1 T. J. Tynan, 355 Fred- erick St., San Francisco (1936) Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco Two veins in mica schist strike Wand dip N. Vein in granodiorite strikes N,- abundant sulfides. A 6-ft. vein strikes NE and dips SE,- quartz-mica schist and slate country rock. Two 4-ft. veins in slate and gneiss strike NW and dip NE. Vein in mica schist strikes E and dips 80° S. A vein in slate as much as 24 ft. thick strikes NW and dips NE. Two 6-ft. veins in slate strike NW and dip NE. Three parallel '/2- to 6-ft. veins with slate footwall and granodiorite hanging wall strike N and dip E. A 1- to 10-ft. wide quartz vein in diorite and chlorite schist strikes NW. Vein strikes NW and dips NE; greenstone hanging wall, slate footwall; on Mother Lode belt. Active prior to 1914, 1935-38 in conjunction with adjoining Great Divide mine,- prospected 1956. Developed by open 100-ft. shaft. Ore treated in mill. (Tucker 16:89,- Logan 36: 267-268.) M Long idle. Developed by shaft. B Prospected by J. A. Wright in 1936. Developed by 70-ft crosscut adit and drift. (Logan 36:268.) Long idle. Worked through shal low shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active around 1895, 1912-14. and 1933. Developed by 1 10- ft. shaft and 2 crosscut adits. (Crawford 96:110; Kerr 00; MSP 4/16/12:513,- Logan 36:268.) Active 1 888 to 1 895. Developed by shaft and 400-ft. crosscut adit. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 8/4/88:72; Brown 90:1 51 -1 52; Crawford 96:1 10; Kerr 00.) SeeE asyz Bird. Active 1900-04. Developed by adits. (Kerr 00; MSP 1 1 /3/00; 510,- 1/23/04:67.) Consists of 5 claims. Active many years ago,- prospected 1936 by Ed King. Developed by 80-ft inclined shaft. (Logan 36:268.) (MSP 12/5/96:466; Crawforc 96:110; Kerr 00; Ransome 00 9; Storms 00:109-111; MSF 2/4/1 1 :208; Tucker 1 6:89-90 Logan 21:422; 35:143-44 191-192,- herein.) Active 1 889 to 1 895. Developec by 400-ft. adit. Ore treated ii 10-stamp mill. (MSP 9/9/93 173; Crawford 96:110-111.) Discovered 1 855, active 1 882-81 and early 1900s. Develope« by open cut and 100-ft. shaft (MSP 2/25/82:124; Brow 90:1 51 ,■ Fairbanks 90:60; Pres ton 93:174; Crawford 96:111 Kerr 00; Tucker 16:90.) 963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 163 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references -223 Linnet Littlefield Little Giant Little Grove. Little Gulch, etc. Little Hero. Little Nugget Little Star Live Oak Live Oak, No. 1, No. 2 Lockwood. . . . (Mina Rica) Lodi. Lone Star (Reed and Hi ary) Long Gulch. Sec. 5, T. 6 N., E., M.D.M. R. 13 SE'/ 4 sec. 8, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., justS of Middle Fork Mo- kelumne River 2'/2 mi. SW West Point Sec. 9, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 28, T. 5N.,R. 1 3 E. M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Mountain Ranch Sec. 1,T. 6N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. E of West Point Sec. 3,T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge SE of Corral Gulch near Mountain Ranch Arthur Kkst,.GIencoe. Not determined Carroll Evans et al., 1 1 44 Yale St., Santa Monica (1936) Not determined. N-striking parallel quartz veins and stringers in gran- odiorite contain free gold and abundant sulfides. A 1 '/2-ft- v ein in slate strikes W and dips S. Series of parallel veins with abundant sulfides in grano- diorite strike N and dip 80° W. A 2-ft. vein in slate strikes NE and dips SE. Longworth Sec. 35, T. 4 N., R. 14 E.,M.D.M.,4mi.NE of Murphys Sec. 30, T. 3N.,R. 11 E. M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Jenny Lind Sec. 34, T. 5 N.,R.13E. M.D.M., on ridge N of Corral Gulch, 1 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch NEi/ 4 sec. 1,T. 6N., R. 13E.,andNWl/ 4 sec. 6, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Ni/ 2 sec. 18.T. 4N.,R. 14 E., M.D.M. Nl/ 2 sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,andSI/ 2 sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,2i/ 2 mi.Sof Angels Camp Sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Not determined Not determined . Not determined Vein in quartz-mica schist. Three 2'/2-ft. veins in slate and and greenstone strike NW and dip NE. Two E-striking veins in slate and quartzite. Lockwood Cons. Gold Mining Co., 1 834 Sut- ter St., San Francisco G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch Paul J. Humphrey Estate, 841 AlmontSt.,Yuba City Not determined. On Mother Lode belt. Intermittently worked since 1936 by owner with output of about $1 ,000. Developed by E cross- cut adit and drifts. Ore treated in Huntington mill. Long idle. Worked through 250- ft. shaft and 200 ft. of drifts. (Kerr 00.) Includes Little Gulch, Opal, and Red Wonder claims. Active 1935-36. Developed by 90-ft. vertical shaft with levels at 45 and 90 ft. (Logan 36:268-269.) Unpatented claim. Active prior to 1900. Developed by 80-ft. shaft and 80-ft. adit. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:90.) See Utica. Worked 1939-40 by J. L. Bairley of Murphys. Vein developed by 95-ft. vertical shaft. Ore treated in stamp mill. (U. S. Bureau Mines records). Long idle. Worked through 40-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Active 1898-1904. Developed by 150-ft. shaft and 200-ft. adit. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 6/11/98:621; 4/- 30/04:303; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:90.) (MSP 3/17/66:162; Irelan 88: 1 38-41; Turner 94:9; Crawford 96:111; Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 90-91; Logan 23a:19, 21; 36: 269; Minerals Yearbook 47- 49; herein.) Active 1860s and 1870s, when ore valued at $100 per ton was mined. Later became part of Sheep Ranch mine. See Sheep Ranch mine. (MSP 5/30/68: 352; 5/6/71:276.) (MSP 8/25/66:118; 12/13/73: 372; 11/8/79:293; Brown 90: 152; Crawford 94:94; 96:111; Tucker 1 6:91 -92; Hamilton 22: 27; Logan 23a:20; 23c:17; 24:76; herein.) Some open cuts made prior to 1896. (Crawford 96:111.) 164 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-230 B-231 B-232 3-233 B-234 B-235 B-236 B-237 B-238 Lookout Moun- tain Lopez Lost Boy . Lost Log . Lost Mexican. SE'/ 4 sec. 1 and NE'/ 4 sec. 12, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Sees. 33, 34, T. 4 N., R. 13 b., M.D.M., on ridge N of San An- tonio Creek, near Es- meralda NWl/ 4 sec. 18, T. 4N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. , 1 mi. SW of Sheep Ranch SWl/ 4 sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. due E of Jenny Lind Sec. 24, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Lookout Mountain Min- ing Co., 33 California St., San Francisco Jesus Lopez, Esmeralda (1936) Mary E. Ronen et al., c/o W. W. Morse, 706 Capital National Bank Bids , Sacra- mento (1936) H. L. Donner, Milton. . Vein in mica schist strikes W and dips N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW. Vein in slate strikes N. Loui Lucas (La Fortuna) Lucky. Lucky Boy. Lucky Boy. Lucky Boy. Lucky Find . Lucky Jim and Gold Ridge Macchiavello. Machu . NEI/4 sec. 12, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., in Collierville district 5 mi. E of Murphys on Camp 9 road SEl/ 4 sec. 1,T. 5 N., R. 11 E M.D.M., by Mokeiumne River, 1 mi. N of Mokeiumne Hill SEl/4 sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Jesus Maria T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW Railroad Flat SW/4 sec. 1 7, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. E of Jenny Lind by Whiskey Creek W'/ 2 sec. 4, T. 3 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., 4 mi. S of San Andreas Sec. 17, T. 4 K, R. 12 E., M.D.M., near San Andreas Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., 3 mi. SW Mountain Ranch Sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 11 E.. M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of San Andreas Not determined. Not determined. Willard Hughes, Mokei- umne Hill William Davis, Oakland (1936) Not determined. C. J. Tiscornia, San An- dreas Not determined. Maude E. Gerry, Moun- tain Ranch (1936) Not determined. Vein of white to gray quartz in micaceous slate and banded quartzite strikes W and dips N. Two parallel veins in diorite strike N and dip W. A 2- to 5-ft. quartz vein in mica schist with diorite dikes strikes N to N. 20° E. and dips steeply W. Ore yielded $8 to $10 per ton. A 12- to 20-inch quartz vein strikes NE and dips SE. Vein in slate and greenstone strikes N. On Mother Lode. Vein on schist-serpentine contact strikes N. Vein zone as much as 1 00 ft. thick in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in slate and mica schist. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:269-270; Julihn 38:126-127; herein.) Active prior to 1 91 4. Developed by 180-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16: 92; Logan 36:270.) Long idle. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. See Falcon. Long idle,- prospected 1930s. Good-sized dump. Developed by W drift adit. Active prior to and intermittently 1906-23. Developed by adit, drifts, and winze. (MSP 5 /1 9/-I 06:333; Logan 23c:18, 143 144.) Operated 1929 to 1933 by own- er. Developed by 1 50-ft. in- dined shaft with level at 100 ft., U] with 500-ft. N and 50-ft. S ! drifts. Ore treated in 10-stamp Active 1934-35. Developed by 310-ft. crosscut adit, 200 ft. of drifts, and 38-ft. shaft. Ore treated in small mill. (Logan 36:270.) .ong idle « 'J 1 Intermittently prospected. Devel- oped by 2 E-crosscut adits and drifts and 105-ft. inclined shaft. « Little production. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:92.) Long idle. Worked through 100- ft. adit and 50-ft. shaft. (Ken 00.) Prospected 1924 and 1934. De veloped by shaft and adit (Logan 36:270-271.) Long idle. Worked through 70-ft shaft and 70-ft. adit. (Kerr 00. See Lindsey. I) I Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 165 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference Madison (Lane and Tul- loch, Matson) Maha Main Lode . Main and Fort Ritter Maloney . Maloney Maltman . . . (Perlina) Maltos and Mexi- can Mammoth and Jumper Manhattan . . Marble Fay . Marble Springs. . Maria and Fortuna Mariposa . Mar John (Calaveras, En- chantress, Old Calaveras, Oro Minto) SEi/ 4 sec. 33 J. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M.. Sec. 25, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Glencoe Sec. 5,T. 5N.,R. 14E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SE of Railroad Flat SW'/ 4 sec. 27, T. 5 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,on ridge N of Murray Creek, 4 mi. N of Mountain Ranch SW'/ 4 sec. 13, T. 3 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of Angels Camp Sec. 12, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., by Big B r3/ 4 mi.NWofMo- kelumne Hill. S>/ 2 sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., be- tween Angels Camp and Altaville Ni/ 2 sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., ad- joing Royal mine in Hodson district NW>/ 4 sec. 5, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE Mokelumne Hill Sec. 1, T. 3 N, R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Wi/ 2 sec. 35, T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Esmeralda by Indian Creek Wi/ 2 sec. 21 J. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco Not determined. R. H. Guilleman, Rail- road Flat (1942) Not determined. Alice C. Cosgrave, An- gels Camp Not determined. Irene G. Lee and James H. Lee, 1 745 Cayuga Ave., San Francisco Marie I. M. Allison and Juanita Rogers, 2295 Mallory St., San Ber- nardino Boston Mokelumne Min- ing Co., c/o Edward R. Solinsky, Hobart Bids., S^n Francisco A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. A 2'/ 2 -ft. vein in slate strikes W. On Mother Lode. A 6-ft. vein with slate hanging wall and greenstone footwall strikes NW and dips NE. A 5- to 1 2-ft. vein strikes N; diorite to E, granodiorite to W. On Mother Lode. A 4- to 1 2-ft. vein with gouge in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Quartz veins and auriferous greenstone strike NW and dip NE. Prospect containing series of N- and W-striking veins in granodiorite and slate. Owen and Florence Foy et al., 415 Fillmore St., San Francisco Three veins in mica schist strike NW and dip NE. Louis Domenghini and Lester Canevaro, Mountain Ranch (MSP 3/2/82:293; 9/17/87: 184,- Brown 90:151; Fairbanks 90:59-60; MSP 7/9/92:28; Preston 93:171; Crawford 94: 95; 96:1 1 1 -1 1 2; Kerr 00; Ran- some 00:9; Storms 00:1 11,112; MSP 6/13/03:386; Logan 35:144; herein.) Active 1900. Developed by 250-ft. adit and 50-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00; MSP 12/22/00: 598.) Active 1939-42. Ore treated in mill. (U. S. Bureau Mines records.) Active prior to 1900. Developed by 115-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:92.) Active 1896. Developed by open shaft. (Crawford 96:112; Kerr 00.) Active 1905 and around 1937. Developed by 80-ft. S and 60- ft. N shafts with connecting drift adit, and crosscut adits. (Tucker 16:92; Julihn 38:135.) Active 1860s and 1897-1903. Developed by 200-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 4-stamp mill. (Crawford 96:1 1 2; MSP 1/16/- 97:50; Storms 00:120; Logan 35:145.) Gold produced from pockets prior to 1925 from vein which may be S extension of Moun- tain King vein. (Logan 25:1 55.) Long idle. (Tucker 16:92) See Mother Lode Central. Consists of 4 claims. Active 1 870s, 1894; worked around 1924 by Indian Creek Mining Co. De- veloped by 650- and 400-ft. adits and 1 54-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 8-stamp mill. (MSP 9/18/75:180; 1/20/94:45; Logan 25:155; 36:271.) See Fazzi. (MSP 3/18/71:163; 12/13/84: 376; Crawford 94:91; 96:115, Kerr 00; Tucker 16:100; Logan 24:4; 25:157; 36:271-274; herein.) 166 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-250 B-251 B-252 B-253 B-254 B-255 Markham . Marquis . Martha . . Mary Lowrey Mascot Matilda Matrimony. . . Matson . . Matteson . Max Gross. Maxwell . May Day. Mayflower. Mayflower (Banner) McCarty . . . McCormick . McCreight . McGary . . . McKinley . McKisson. McNair . . McQuig. . Mead Sec. 22, T. 4 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,1 mi.NE of Fricot School Sec. 12, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 34, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , on Mur- ray Creek, 1 y«j mi. NE Mountain Ranch Not determined. A 6-ft. vein in slate and mica schist strikes W and dips N. James M. Marquis, West Point Chas. B. Coulter (1936), Mountain Ranch 3-ft. quartz vein strikes N. 30° W. E>/ 2 sec. 2, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Bummerville 1 mi. E of West Point C. A. Randlett, 2866 Santa Clara Ave., Al- ameda (1936) Quartz vein in granodiorite with diorite dikes strikes N,- sulfides abundant. Wl/ 2 sec. 9, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Murphys NEl/4 sec. 36, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of Murphys Sec. 32, T. 3 N., R, 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W Angels Camp Sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M, 1 mi. W of Murphys Wl/2 sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Jenny Lind Wl/2 sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of Murphys Not determined. Max Gross, 1040— 18th St., Oakland (1936) Not determined. L. Monte Verda, An- gels Camp (1936) Paul Sinclair et a I., Jenny Lind (1936) Alexander Cuthill, Jr., Estate, et al., c/o G. K. Whitworth, 2200 Canyon Drive, Holly- wood 28 Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. White to pink quartz vein with sulfides in mica schist strikes W and dips N. Vein in green schist strikes NW and dips NE. Four parallel W-striking veins in mica schist dip N. Vein in greenstone strikes N. Two parallel veins in mica schist and quartzite strike E, dip N. Sec. 10, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Angels Camp Not determined. Vein in green schist strikes NW and dips NE. Sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M.,- in Rich Gulch area Not determined. Series of narrow veins in slate strike NE and dip SE. Long idle. Worked through 50- ft shaft and 90-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Herein. Intermittently active 1899-1910. Developed by 52-ft. shaft. (MSP 4/1/99:351,- Tucker 16:92.) See Shenandoah. See Taylor. See Alpha and Omega. Extensively worked many years ago. Developed by shaft now caved. See Madison. Long idle. Developed by shaft. Long idle. Developed by open inclined shaft. Active prior to 1 896. Developed by incline and crosscut adit. (Crawford 96:112.) Active 1890s, 1914, and 1938- 39. Developed by 2000-ft. crosscut adit and shafts. (Tuck- er 16:92.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. Worked intermittently 1880s through 1936. Developed by 150-ft. E and 165-ft. W shafts. (MSP 5/27/82:340; Crawford 94:95; 96:1 1 2; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:93.) See Ranch. See Angels. See Hardy. (Kerr 00.) See Chapman. Active prior to 1 896. (Crawford 96:112.) See Etna. See Washington. See Dodson. Long idle. Worked through 40-ft. shaft and 380-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) I 1963 Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 167 Map Name of claim, No. mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references '.-256 1-257 -258 -259 -260 -261 Melones . Mentzel Hill. Meridian Merrimac . Mervy . . . Mester . Meteor Mexican Mexican . Mexican Mexican M. G... Michel. Midland Midnight. Midwinter. Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Sec. 11, T. 6 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., near West Point Sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,3mi.Sof Railroad Flat Not determined . Not determined Several narrow veins in grano- diorite with abundant sul- fides strike NW and dip NE. Two 6-ft. veins in slate strike NW and dip NE. T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,6mi. NEof Copperopolis NE'/ 4 sec. 14, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of San Andreas by Highway 12 T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 8 mi. E of San Andreas Sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Wi/ 2 sec. 20,T.6N.,R. 13E.,M.D.M.,l/ 2 mi. NE of Glencoe On Bummerville Ridge, 1 Vi mi. SE of West Point L. Mervy, Copperopolis (1936) Charlotte L. Dragomano- vich, San Andreas Not determined. Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco 9 Not determined A NW-striking vein, in slate. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes NW, dips NE. A 1 -ft. vein in slate and mica schist. Vein in quartz-mica schist and slate strikes N. Vein in granodiorite strikes N. Sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on Mother Lode near Carson Hill NWi/ 4 sec. 10' T. 5 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M on ridge S of Nelson Gulch, 3 mi. SW of Railroad Flat Sec. 30, T. 3N.,R. 1 3 E. M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Altaville Sl/ 2 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Jenny Lind, by Whiskey Creek Sec. 8,T. 2N.,R. 12E., M.D.M., 5 mi. N of Copperopolis Not determined. John H. Tone, et al., Rt. 3, Box 325, Stockton Not determined. Wm. Mobley, R.F.D. Box 1320, Stockton (1936) Not determined Vein up to 28 ft. thick in greenstone strikes N and dips 78° E. An 8-ft. vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in greenstone strikes N. A 50-ft. vein zone with dio- rite hanging wall and slate footwall strikes NW and dips SW. See Carson Hill. (Crawford 94:95- 96:112-13; Kerr 00,- Ransome 00:9/ Storms 00:1 20-21 ,• Tucker 16:93-96; Hamilton 20:15-17; Logan 21:422; 23b:98 ; 24:5; 25:147; Knopf 29:72-77; Logan 35:1 33-35; 36:247-48; Burgess 37:1-15; Julihn 38:100-110; Bowen 48:55.) Long idle. Worked through 80-ft. shaft and 50-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 50-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Alii -M« Prospected prior to 1936. De- veloped by adit. (Logan 36: 275.) Active prior to 1900. Developed by 90-ft. shaft and 125-ft. adit. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:960) Prospected around 1 896; devel- oped by shaft and drift adit. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Crawford 96:113.) Prospected 1930s. Developed by shaft. See also Glencoe group. Active 1 880s, 1 91 4, early 1 930s, 1941; operated 1947-49 by E. B. Miles of Oakland. De- veloped by shaft. (MSP 7/1 6/- 81:36; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:96.) See Carson Hill. Active early 1900s. Worked through 900-ft. adit and 60-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1914. Developed by 600-ft. drift adit and 1 00-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (Ken 00; Tucker 16:97.) Long idle, ft. shaft treated 00.) Long idle. Worked through 105- and 390-ft. adit. Ore in 5-stamp mill. (Kerr Long idle. Worked through 30-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) k 168 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-262 B-263 B-264 B-265 B-266 B-267 B-268 Mikado Mi Mineral Mountain. Minnesota . . Minnie . Minnie. Minnie Hennesay Miralda Missouri Mitchell. M.J.B. Modoc. Mohawk (Keystone) Mohawk. Mohican. . . Monmouth Sec. 35?,T. 6N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Rail- road Flat Sec. 7,T. 6N.,R. 14E., and sec. 12, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SE of West Point Point adjoining Lock- wood mine M. E. Taylor, Flat (1936) Railroad Lockwood Cons. Gold Mining Co., 1834 Sutter St., S n Fran- cisco A 3-ft. vein with abundant sulfides strikes N and dips E,- slate and mica schist country rock. Vein in granodiorite strikes N,- abundant sulfides. Sec. E. 24, T. 7 N. M.D.M. R. 13 Sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge N of Mosquito Gulch, !/2 mi. N of Glencoe Sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. , 2 miles SW of San Andreas Not determined . Sec: 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. S of Copperopolis T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. S of Railroad Flat Sees. 25 and 36, T. 7 N,R. 13 E., M.D.M., NE of West Point NEi/ 4 sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1/4 mi. S of Railroad Flat NEl/4 sec. 31, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Angels Camp Sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Not determined . Mills Mitchell, Valle- cito (1936) C. Burns, Railroad Flat (1936) Dominion Mining Or- ganization, Merchant's Exchange Building, San Francisco (1936) Delbert Seeman, road Flat Rail- C. Champion, Altaville Vein in mica schist strikes N. A 6-ft. vein with greenstone hanging wall and slate foot- wall strikes NW and dips NE. Two parallel 1 - to 3-ft. quartz veins in slate strike NE and dip SE. A 1- to 2-ft. vein in mica schist strikes E. Vein in granodiorite strikes N. A 1 -ft. quartz vein in. slate and mica schist strikes N. 30° E. and dips 45° SE. On Mother Lode. A 3-ft. vein with gouge in phyllite and green schist strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE,- some high-grade pockets. Active prior to and in 1936. De- veloped by 1 30-ft. inclined shaft. (Logan 36:275.) Extensively worked in 1860s and 1 870s,- ore treated in 1 0-stamp mill. Developed by 3 shafts, deepest being 240 ft. See also Lockwood. (MSP 4/16/65: 227,- 9/18/75:180/ Tucker 16:96.) See Carson Hill. I Active prior to 1 91 4. Ore treated in 4-stamp mill. (Tucker 16: 96.) Long idle. Worked through shal- low shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Angels. See Buckhorn Cons. Active prior to and around 1936. Developed by 35- and 80-ft. shafts. (Logan 36:275.) Active prior to and in 1936. Developed by 1 20-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 3-stamp mill. (Logan 36:275.) Active 1 870s,- prospected by Do- minion Mining Organization, Inc., 1922-25. (MSP 8/1 5/74: 100,- Logan 25:151-52.) Active 1908 and 1914; worked intermittently since 1952. De- veloped by 260-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 50, 100, and 200 ft. Ore treated in trommel and sluice. (MSP 7/18/08:71,- Tucker 16:97.) Active many years ago, 1924, and 1934; now prospected in- termittently. Has output of more than $8000. Developed by open 200-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 100 and 200 ft., two E crosscut adits and open cuts. Ore treated in 2-stami mill. (Logan 25:156; 35:145; 36:275.) 1963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 169 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references !-269 Montana . . Monte Carlo Monte Christo. S'/ 2 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., on ridge N of Salamander Gulch, 6 mi. NE of San Andreas Sec. 5, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 miles NE of Mokelumne Hill T. 7 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. NW of West Point near Mokelumne River -270 Morgan -271 •272 Morning Star (Dublin, Kuhn) Morning Star. Morning Star Morris. Moser (Roanoke) 273 274 275 Mother Lode Central (Bullion Marble Springs) Mountain King Mount Nebo. M. Gattavaro, Moun- tain Ranch (1936) Not determined. J. S.Wright, 1608 Derby St., Berkeley (1936) Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco SEi/4 sec. 19, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NW of Copper- opolis SW/4 sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 8 mi. NE of Milton WI/2 sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M 3 mi. S of Railroad Flat Sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,onMother Lode 2 mi. SE of An- gels Camp S'/ 2 sec. 18, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., on Chili Gulch, 2 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill SE'/ 4 sec. 3 and NE'/ 4 sec. 10.T. 2N.,R.13 E., M.D.M. SWl/ 4 sec. 19andNWl/ 4 sec. 30, T. 2N.,R.12 E., M.D.M. SWl/4 sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 14 E, M.D.M., 1/2 mi. W of Vallecito C. Monte Verda et al., Altaville Ed Sieffert, Angels Camp (1936) M. H.McGary, Mokel- umne Hill (1936) Not determined. Roanoke Mining Co., c/o Frank A. West, 311 E. Main St., Stock- ton Aileen A. Morgaus et al., and Tillie Rolleri et al., c/o Romie Rol- leri, Angels Camp C. W. Stewart and C. E. Nuss, P.O. Box 886, Fresno Mrs. C. J. Hambleton Estate, c/o John T. Martin, Route 1 , Box 117, Earlimart, Tulare Co. A 2-ft. quartz vein in mica schist strikes N and dips 55° E. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes NE and dips SE. Series of N-striking veins in granodiorite. Quartz veins in greenstone strike NW and dip NE. A faulted quartz vein in green- stone with dikes. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Vein zone as much as 30 ft. thick with diorite hanging wall and slate footwall strikes NW and dips NE. A 5-ft. vein exposed in bed- rock tunnel of Moser hy- draulic mine. Vein with slate footwall and granite hanging wall strikes E and dips 80° S. Active 1870s, 1880s, and 1910- 14. Developed by 2 drift adits and open cuts. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (MSP 7/28/78: 1 96,- 2/12/1 0:270,- Tucker 1 6: 97.) Active early 1900s. Worked through 80-ft. shaft and 1 70-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1 91 4. Developed by drift adits. (Tucker 16:97.) See Carson Hill. (Fairbanks 90: 57; Irelan 90:37; Crawford 94: 95; 96:111,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16:97; Logan 21:423-24; Hamilton 22:27; Logan 25: 147-50; Knopf 29:72-77; Lo- gan 35:129-133,- 36:247-48,- Burgess 37:1-15; Julihn 38: 100-110,- Bowen 48:55.) Active 1 890s and 1 935-36 when about 2000 tons of $5.35 ore mined. Developed by open pit and 90-ft. inclined shaft. (Craw- ford 96:102; Kerr 00; Logan 36:275-276.) Mined in 1890s. Developed by crosscut adit. (Crawford 96: 113.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. Long idle. Worked through 120- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Operated after 1 896 by Roanoke Mining Co. Developed by shaft and drifts on 3 levels. See also Moser hydraulic mine. (MSP 2/4/93:77,- Kerr 00; 00,- Tucker 16:98,- Logan 36: 267.) (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:72; Logan 36:276-277; Julihn 38:116- 117; Minerals Yearbook 39: herein.) (Crawford 96:114; Kerr 00,- MSP 1 1 /1 2/04:330,- Logan 25:1 55- 156,- 36:277; Minerals Year- books 37, 38,- Julihn 38:119; Minerals Yearbooks 39-47; herein.) Active 1896. Developed by 70- ft. shaft. (Crawford 96:114; Tucker 16:98.) 170 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-276 B-277 B-278 B-279 Mount Timolus Mountain View Murphy Divide. Murry Creek . . (El Dorado) Nancy Ann. (Donner) Napoleon and Louisa Con. Nellie Nelson Neversweat . . Never Sweat New Champion . New Discovery . New Ford. New Year. New York . New York-Cala- veras Nixon Sec. 36, T. 5N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M.,onrid9eSW of Salamander Gulch, 5 mi. NE of San An- dreas Sec. 30,T.6N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Glencoe J. S. Jack, Mountain Ranch, (1936) Not determined . Sec. 5,T. 3N.,R. M.D.M., l/ 2 m Murphys 14E., . E of SEl/ 4 sec. 33.T. 5N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Mountain Ranch NEI/ 4 sec. 6, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NE of Milton, in South Gulch Sec. 2,T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NW of San Andreas Sec. 3, T. 2 N. E., M.D.M. R. 13 Sec. 14, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , 2 mi. S of West Point Sec. 2,T. 6N.,R. M.D.M., 1 mi West Point 13E., . E of Sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of San Andreas Sec. 7,T. 4N.,R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. E of San Andreas SEI/4 sec. 26 and NEI/4 sec. 35, T. 4N.,R.13 E M.D.M., 3 mi. NW Murphys by In- dian Creek Sec. 31, T. 6 N. ; R. 13 E., M.D.M., on New York Hill, 1 1/ 2 mi. E of Railroad Flat Sec. 2, T. 6 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., 1 mi.NE of West Point Frank Grenitta, Douglas Flat (1936) Murry Creek Mining Co. c/o Albert Wanner, 6251 Contra Costa Rd. Oakland E. L. Hunt, Farmington. Not determined. Not determined . Not determined Rosalie M. Brown, 2 S. Delaware St., San Mateo (1936) Not determined. Thomas Ehrhart, Murphys Not determined. Not determined A 2-ft. vein strikes NE and dips SE. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes N. 30° W. and dips 65° NE. A quartz vein with abundant galena and silver in lime- stone strikes NW and dips NE; ore reported to contain abundant silver and lead. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. A pyritic silicified zone in greenstone up to 30 ft. thickstikesN.15°W. and dips 60° W. Some $6 ore recovered. A 6-ft. vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in granodiorite strikes E and dips S. Vein in granodiorite strikes N: abundant sulfides. A 1 0-ft. vein with greenstone hanging wall and slate foot- walls strikes NW and dips NE. Two veins as much as 10 ft. thick strike NW and dip NE. A vein in mica schist strikes W and dips N,- gold is in small pockets,- associated with diorite dike. Vein in black slate strikes N, dips E. Vein in granodiorite strikes N, abundant sulfides. Active 1870s, 1887, and 1914. Developed by 300-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 10/9/75:309; 8/6/87: 88; Tucker 16:98.) Active 1902. Developed by shaft. (MSP 3/29/02:180; Tucker 16:98.) Active 1918 and 1934-36. De- veloped by 1 50-ft. shaft with levels at 50, 100, and 150 ft. and 100-ft. shaft. (Logan 36: 277-278.) Active prior to 1896. (Crawford 96:114.) Operated 1934-38 by H. L. Donner. Developed by two open 40-ft. inclined shafts, W- crosscut adit, and open cut. Ore trammed Y4 mile to 10-stamp mill with tables. (Logan 36: 278.) Long idle. Worked through 50-ft. shaft and 1 40-ft. adit. Ore treated in 3-stamp mill. (Kerr 00.) Unpatented claim. Active around 1914. Developed by several shafts. (Tucker 16:98.) Operated 1948 by L. V. Starrs of West Point. Ore treated in 3- stamp mill. (U. S. Bureau Mines records.) Long idle. Worked through 75-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Centennial. Long idle. Worked through 45-ft. shaft and 35-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Recently active. Developed by i 100-ft. inclined shaft. See Carson Hill. Unpatented claim. Active 1860s, 1880s, and 1890s. Developed by 1 40-ft. shaft. (MSP 3/24/66:179,- 4/20/89:276; Crawford 94:96; 96:1 1 4; Tuck- er 16:98.) See Ranch. ■: Prospected 1890s. Developed by shaft. (Crawford 96:1 14; Tucker 16:98.) Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 171 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references 3-281 -284 -285 Norma Norrie North Branch North End North Star North Star North Star (Zacatera) North Star. North Star. Norwich. . Novella . . Nucleus (Norwich) Oakum . . Occidental O'Hara Ohio. Ohi OK Old Calaveras. SE"/ 4 sec. 3, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SE of San Andreas by Highway 49 John Guttinger, San An- dreas Vein zone up to 50 ft. thick in slate and schist strikes NW and dips NE. On Mother Lode. SWl/ 4 sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of San Andreas Not determined . A 2-ft. vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Sec. 23, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch Sees. 1 and 12.T. 6 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., on ridge E of Bear Creek 2 mi. E of West Point NEi/4 sec. 35, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,at Skull Flat 2'/ 2 mi. NE of West Point Sl/a sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Angels Camp Not determined . Not determined. Martin J. Fischer Estate, West Point A 9-ft. vein strikes N and dips E. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco A 1 5-ft. zone of mineralized amphibolite schist with a- bundant sulfides strikes W and dips N. On Mother Lode. Nl/ 2 sec. 30, T. 6N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. SW of Glencoe Sec. 26, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 22, T. 5 N., E., M.D.M. , 1 NE of Paloma R. 11 Mrs. Celia Frank Estate, c/o Edward R. Solin- sky, Hobart Bldg., San Francisco Not determined A 1- to 1 2-ft. quartz vein in mica schist strikes NE and dips SE. Sec. 33, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mile N of Mountain Ranch Sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., .2 mi. NE of Jesus Maria Sec. 25, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on In- dian Creek 3'/2 mi. N of Murphys Not determined Not determined . Jack Klare, 238 Castle St., Modesto (1936) An 8-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. A 2 '/2-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips S. A 4- to 20-ft. vein on slate- granite contact strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW and dips NE. Long idle. Worked through 50- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) See Afterthought. Long idle. Worked through shal- low shaft and 50-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) See Etna King. Long idle. Worked through 45-ft. shaft and 35-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1 896. Developed by shaft. (Crawford 96:115; Tucker 16:99.) Extensively worked 1860s-70s,- prospected early 1920s. De- veloped by 400-ft. crosscut adit connected to 340-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 12/1/66:342,- 12/23/76:41 3,- Crawford 96:123; Tucker 16: 99; Logan 25:151-152.) Active 1 880s and 1 909 to 1 91 3. Developed by 480-ft. inclined shaft with levels at each 100 ft. Ore treated in 40-stamp mill. (MSP 3/26/87:208; 11/12/- 10:652; Tucker 16:98-99; Lo- gan 35:145.) See Banner. See Nucleus. See Chino. Active 1880s and 1935-39. De- veloped by 200-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 1 25 and 200 ft. (MSP 11/20/80:324; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:99; Logan 36: 278.) Active early 1900s. Worked through 50-ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 100- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 345- ft. shaft and 300-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Unpatented claim. Active prior to 1914,- prospected 1930s. De- veloped by 2 adits and 300-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:99; Logan 36:278.) See Buckhorn Cons. See Mar John. 172 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. B-286 B-287 B-288 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-289 B-290 B-291 B-292 B-293 B-294 B-295 Old Dan Reynolds Old Gray . Old Henry. Old McKinney. Old Washington Omega. Oneida. Oneto . Ophir Cons. Ophir Mountain Cons. Oriental. Oriole Consoli- dated (Big Bo- nanza, Harris, Nemo) Oro Fino . . Oro Minto. Oro y Plata (Red Wing, Willard) Osborne (Belmont- Osborne) Our Flag. . . Sec. 23, T. 6 N., R. E., M.D.M. 13 Sec. 26, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. SWl/ 4 sec. 35 and SE'/ 4 sec. 34 T. 7N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge between Mott's and Skull Flat Gulches 1 mi. NE of West Point SEI/ 4 sec. 10andSWl/ 4 sec. 11, M.D.M., by McKinney Creek, 5 mi. SE of Mountain Ranch Sec. 34, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on San Antonio Creek, 6 mi. NE of Murphys Mary Rowe Estate, et al., c/o James Rowe, 203 Pleasant St., Grass Valley Clorinda Domenghini, Mountain Ranch Not determined. A 1- to 3-ft. vein in grano- diorite strikes NW and dips SW; abundant sul- fides. Vein in graphitic schist and slate. Two veins in siliceous slate strike W and dip N. W'/ 2 sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of San An- dreas by Mokelumne River Sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., in Rich Gulch. 5 mi. NE of Mokelumne Hill Se-c. 35, T. 4 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., 5 mi. NW of San Andreas NE'/ 4 sec. 11, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of West Point SWl/ 4 sec. 3, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just S of Angels Camp and W of Hwy. 49 Not determined. Not determined. Frank Bernardini, 2226 N. California St., Stockton (1936) Not determined A. L. Lavagnino, An- gels Camp Vein in slate strikes N and dips E. On Mother Lode. A 4-ft. vein with diorite hanging wall and slate foot- wall strikes W and dips 70° N. Vein strikes NW and dips NE. Vein with abundant sulfides in granodiorite strikes N and dips E. On Mother Lode. A 10- to 50-ft. vein of quartz in greenstone strikes N and dips E. NEl/ 4 sec. 6. T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. SE'/ 4 sec. 30, T. 3 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. N'/ 2 sec. 19, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Melones Mary Bess Norton, c/o J. C. Scoles, Murphys George W. Osborne, et al., Ripon B. & W. McArdle, et al., 1406 N. Van Buren, Stockton 3 Several narrow veins in mica schist strike N and dip E; some small rich pockets. I Active 1890s. Developed by 167-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10- stamp mill. (Crawford 94:92; 96:103,- Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 78.) Active prior to 1900. Developed by adit. (Kerr 00.) Unpatented claim. Active prior to 1914. Developed by 100-ft. shaft. (Tucker 16:99.) See Alpha and Omega. See Angels. Long idle. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to and in 1910. De- veloped by 1 70-ft. adit now caved. (Kerr 00; MSP 6/25/ 10:943.) Long idle. Long idle. Worked through 105- j ft. shaft and 135-ft. drift. (Kerr 00.) Active early days when surface yielded $30,000; and 1897 to 1905. Developed by 900-ft. vertical shaft with levels at 100- ft. intervals to 600 ft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 10/28/97:390; 5/23/03:339; Storms 00:121; Tucker 16:99- 100; Logan 35:145-146.) !03 See Pilot. See Mar John. (MSP 4/13/67:230; 1/3/85:8; Morse 87:35-42; Crawford 94: 96, 99; 96:115; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:100; Logan 36:278- 281; Julihn 38:124-126; here- in.) (MSP 11/20/80:324; Kerr 00; Logan 35:146; 36:241-42; herein.) Pockets worked around 1 896; prospected early 1930s. De- veloped by N drift adit. (Craw- ford 96:115; Kerr 00.) 196? Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 173 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references )-296 Owl Sec. 24, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. See Alexander. Pandora Sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 12 E.,M.D.M.,2mi.NE of San Andreas Not determined Two 6-ft. veins in slate strike NW and dip NE. Long idle. Worked in open cut. (Kerr 00.) 3-297 Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Paragon Sl/ 2 sec. 13, T. 6N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ndge S of Licking Fork of Mokelumne River, 3 mi. SE of West Point Not determined Series of parallel veins in slate strike NW and dip SW. Active 1890s, 1900, and 1914. Developed by several adits and 80-ft. shaft. Had a mill. (MSP 5/8/97:390; Kerr 00/ Tucker 16:100.) J-298 Painell Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Particelli T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. W of Mokelumne Hill Not determined A 4-ft. vein in greenstone. Prospected in 1 890s. Developed by adit. (MSP 8/12/93:109; Crawford 94:96; 96:116.) Pat See Angels Deep. Active prior to 1900 and 1931- 37. Developed by open cuts, adit, and shafts. Ore treated in 2-stamp mill. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:281-282,- Julihn 38:129- 130.) 1-299 Patsy Bob (Rio Vista) NWI/ 4 sec. 25 and NEl/4 sec. 26, T. 2 N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 1/ 2 mi. SW of Me- lones Rio Vista Mining Co., c/o A. D. Cuchow, 1659— 40th Ave., San Francisco 22 A 240-ft.-wide mineralized zone in schist and slate with sulfides and tellurides. Pawtucket Sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of Fourth Cross- ing Not determined Two 5-ft. veins in slate and schist strike NW and dip NE. Long idle. Worked through 30-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) 1-300 Pay Day Sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. '301 Pay Rock Sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. 1-302 Pedro NEi/4 sec. -4, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. John Guttinger, San An- dreas See Union-Rathgeb group. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:292.) Pearline Sl/2 sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Altaville L. K. Austin and Robert Hall, Altaville (1936) On Mother Lode. Three nar- row veins striking NW and dipping NE. Prospected in 1930s. Developed by 25- and 50-ft. vertical shafts. (Logan 36:282.) -303 Peek Ranch SWI/4 sec. 5 and SEI/4 sec. 6, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Mokelumne Hill Percy Peek et al., Mo- kelumne Hill Series of N- and E-striking veins in slate and grano- diorite. Active prior to 1914. (Tucker 16:100.) Peirano (Santa Ana) NEl/4 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Angels Camp Louisa Peirano Estate, 1808 Pacific Ave., San Francisco On Mother Lode. Vein in green schist strikes NW and dips NE. Active in 1 890s. (Kerr 00; Craw- ford 96:115, 119.) Penny Sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Jenny Lind Not determined Vein in greenstone strikes N. Long idle. Developed by shaft. See Maltman. 1-304 Petticoat El/2 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 1 3 E., M.D.M. Thomas A. Taylor, Rail- road Flat (MSP 12/7/67:258,- 1/30/69: 70; 3/8/73:149; 11/4/96: 406; Crawford 96:115; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:100; herein.) See Peirano. See Deer Lodge. 174 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. B-305 B-306 B-307 B-308 B-309 B-310 B-311 Name of claim, mine, or group Piety Hill Pilot (Oro Fino) Pine Cone . Pine Log. Pine Nut. Pine Peak. Pioch« Pioneer. Pioneer. Pioneer. Pioneer Chief (Thorn) Plymouth Rock . Poe (Dan Reynolds) Point Rock. Poor Man (Rand) Port Arthur. Location E'/ 2 sec. 8,T. 3N.,R.14 E.,M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Murphys SWl/ 4 sec. 4,T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge between O'Neils and McKinneys Creeks, 5 mi. NW of Murphys Sec. 34, T. 5 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,2mi.NE of Mountain Ranch Sec. 36, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Sec. 30, T. 4 N., R. 12 E.,M.D.M.,2mi.SW of San Andreas NEI/ 4 sec. 11, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Telegraph City WI/2 sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of San Andreas and V2 mi. W of Ken- tucky House SW'/ 4 sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Jenny Lind SWl/4 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just W of Railroad Flat NEl/4 sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,on ridge S of Mokelumne River, 2 mi. E of Glencoe Owner (Name, address) Not determined . Not determined. C. I. Eaton, R.F.D. 1, Box 407, Stockton (1936) Not determined. G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch Not determined. Dorothy A. Castle, Cop- peropolis Francis M. Young, c/o Crocker First National Bank, 1 Montgomery St.. San Francisco, and Calaveras Cement Co., 31 5 Montgomery St., San Francisco W.E. Chance etal c/o Higgins and Sons, 1800 Market St., San Francisco 2 Thomas A. Taylor, Rail- road Flat California Rand Mining Co., c/o George C. List, 427 West York St., Philadelphia 33, Pa. Geology Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW. Vein in mica schist strikes N. A 1 0-ft. vein with slate hang- ing wall and greenstone footwall strikes NW. A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. A 3-ft. quartz vein in pyritic kaolinized greenstone strikes N and dips E,- ore contained $6 per ton in gold. A 5-ft. vein with much gouge strikes NW and dips NE; slate hanging wall, green- stone footwall. On Mother Lode. Mineralized zone in altered metadiabase strikes NW and dips SW. A 2-ft. vein strikes N and dips E; an undeveloped 5-ft. vein. Vein in slate strikes N and dips 65° W. Remarks and references Long idle. (Kerr 00.) Active 1860s, 1885-1900. De veloped by 1 80-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 4-stamp mill. (MSP 12/19/85:402,- 2/23/95:115,- Tucker 16:100-01.) Long idle. See Royal. See Black Oak. Long idle. Worked through shal- low shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) See Sheep Ranch. (MSP 3/10/ 77:149; 10/30/86:284; Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 150- ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Gold and copper mine. Inter- mittently operated 1933 to 1940 by G. C. Copp of Cop- peropolis. Developed by open 160-ft. W crosscut adit and 2 shallow shafts. (Logan 36.282.) See Angels Deep. (MSP 4/17/ 69:246; Kerr 00.) Active 1 860s to about 1 889 and intermittently 1916 to 1931. Developed by two shafts, one 535 ft. deep on incline. (MSP 2/22/68:118; 2/24/72:116; Fairbanks 90:63; Crawford 96: 115; Kerr 00; MSP 1/22/16: 141; Tucker 16:101; Logan 35:146.) Active 1860s, and intermittently 1888 to 1917. Developed by open pit, 362-ft. drift adit, and 135-ft. inclined shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 6/22/67:390,- 2/1 /96:90; Ire- Ian 88:147-148; Crawford 96: 115-116; Kerr 00,- Tucker 16: 101; Eric 48:222.) Active 1870s,- prospected 1934. Developed by 90-ft. shaft. (MSP 7/9/70:28; Kerr 00; Logan 36:282.) See Carson Hill. Active 1 870s, 1 890s, and around 1914. Developed by 31 2-ft. inclined shaft with 2 levels. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 3/25/71:178; Crawford 96:116; Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 101-102; Logan 36:282.) See Tollgate. 1963 Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 175 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference B-312 B-313 B-314 B-315 8-316 B-317 B-318 Porteous. Potter . . . Poverty . . NE of West Point. George J. Porteous, West Point (1936) Vein in granodiorite strikes N. Poverty Hill. Pride of Bummer- ville Providence. Prussian Hill (Del Monte) Purdy Group. Pure Quill. Quaker City. Quartz Glen (Foote and Thompson) Ranch (McCarty, New York-Cal- averas, Sherman Ranch) Rand Raspberry. NE>/ 4 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., in Salt Spring Valley, 8 mi. E of Milton SW"/ 4 sec. 9, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 '/2 mi. SE of Murphys Sec. 7, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge S of Middle Fork of Mokelumne River, 5 mi. E of West Point E'/ 2 sec. 2, T. 6 N. 13 E., M.D.M., Bummerville 1 '/2 E of West Point Sec. 1, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., on Mother Lode 3 mi. NW of San Andreas Sec. 5, T. 5 N., R. 15 E.', M.D.M., on ridge S of North Fork of Calaveras River, 3 mi. S of Glencoe Sees. 20 and 21, T. 3 N.,R.11 E.,M.D.M., on Bear Creek, 7 mi. SE of Valley Springs NWI/ 4 sec. 4, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SW of Angels Camp Wl/ 2 sec. 26, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. SWi/4 sec. 26 and NW 1/4 sec. .35, T. 6 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. SEl/4 sec. 33, T. 13 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Howard J. Tower et al. Farmington Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Louis Peirano, Camp Angels Quaker Gold Mining Co., c/o Mrs. James Spiers, 1366 High St., Alameda Percy S. Peek et al., Mo- kelumne Hill Jackson D. McCarty Co., c/o Al McCarty, 1246 N. Commerce St., Stockton Vein in greenstone strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N; abundant sulfides. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. A 2-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes N. $60-ore was mined. Wide vein zone with green- stone hanging wall and slate footwall strikes N. 20° W. and dips NE. A 2- to 5-ft. vein in slate strikes E and dips N. Vein in greenstone. On Mother Lode. Quartz vein with stringers in slate and green schist strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE. Prospected 1920s and 1930s. (Logan 24:76; 36:282.) See Angels. Prospected around 1 896. Devel- oped by shaft. (Crawford 96: 116.) Long idle. Unpatented claim. Active around 1914. (Tucker 16:101.) Active 1 881 . Developed by shaft. (MSP 10/22/81 :268 ; Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through 40-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active 1871-74, 1897-1904, and 1914. In early 1870s yielded up to $3000 per week. Developed by 1100-ft. cross- cut lower adit,- 300-ft. above is 1 200-ft. crosscut adit and shaft. Three 100-ft.-long ore shoots mined in upper level. Ore treated in 5- and later 10- stamp mill. (MSP 9/30/71: 195,- 11/21/74:325,- 3/27/ 97:262,- 7/28/00:97,- 2/13/ 04:118; Tucker 16:76.) Active prior to 1 91 4. (Tucker 1 6: 101.) Active 1 890s and in early 1 930s. Developed by open shaft and N crosscut adit. (MSP 7/27/- 95:62; Crawford 96:116.) (MSP 6/20/74:389,- 7/31/86: 72; Irelan 88:144-46; Fair- banks 90:65,- MSP 10/22/92: 277; Crawford 94:96,- 96:116; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:101; Logan 35:146-7; herein.) (MSP 4/7/66:210; Crawford 96: 116; Kerr 00; MSP 2/17/00: 1 81 ; 6/25/1 0:943,- Tucker 1 6: 101; Logan 36:256; herein.) (MSP 3/7/03:155; Logan 25: 159,- 36:282-283; Julihn 38: 134-135; Eric 48:222; herein.) See Poorman. See Utica. (MSP 3/18/82:172; Kerr 00.) 176 Map No. B-319 B-320 B-321 B-322 B-323 B-324 B-325 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Name of claim, mine, or group Rathgeb. Red Gold Red Hill.. Red Hil Red Top. Red Wing Reed and Hillary Reef Rock Relief. R« Reisler Ranch. . Rich Gulch... Ridge View. Right Bower (Great Western Western) Rindge group (RindgeNo. 1, 2, and 3, Schoolhouse) Rindge No. 1 Rindge No. 2. Location NWl/ 4 sec. 34 and NE i/ 4 sec. 33, T. 4 N., R 12 E., M.D.M. Sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., near Val- lecito NWl/ 4 sec. 19, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Melones T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., near Douglas Flat NEl/ 4 sec. 13, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Angels Camp El/ 2 sec. 14,T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 13, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 ,E., M.D.M. Sec. 2, T. 5 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., 6 mi. NE of Mokelumne Hill, in Rich Gulch Sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of Glencoe W'/ 2 sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sl/2 sec. 12, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Jesus Maria SWI/ 4 sec. 13andSEI/ 4 sec. 14, T. 5 N., R. 12 E, M.D.M, 2 mi. SE of Jesus Maria in Wet Gulch area Owner (Name, address) A. L. Griffiths, 3134 Dale St., San Diego (1936) Edna L. McArdle, 344 W. Park St., Stockton (1936) S. B. Gardner, Murphys (1936) J. Sirvain et al., P.O. Box 495, Clearlake Highlands, Lake Coun- ty Fred Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco John C. Jens, Mokel- umne Hill (1936) H. P. Warner, Glencoe . Alice Deleray, 2600 Union St., San Fran- cisco, leased by Henry Peterson, Mur- phys Norman H. Roller, Mo- kelumne Hill Not determined. Geology Two 4'/2-ft. veins on slate- granite contact strike NW and dip NE. Vein in schist and slate strikes N and dips E; some high- grade pockets. A 3-ft. vein that strikes NW and dips SW. Slate and mica schist country rock. Ore averaged up to $25 per ton. Wide vein in schist and slate. Series of NE-striking veins in mica schist were mined for pockets including one that yielded $4000. Vein with abundant sulfides in mica schist strikes N. Vein in mica schist strikes N; associated with diorite dikes. N-striking quartz veins in slate and mica schist. Remarks and references See Union-Rathgeb group. (MSP 1/14/65:23; 5/22/75:332,- Fairbanks 90:63; Crawford 94: 96; 96:116; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:102; Logan 35:147; 36: 283; Walker 56:28-29.) See Buckhorn Consolidated. Long idle. Worked through 80- ft. shaft and 200-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) Prospected early 1930s. Devel- oped by N drift adit about 1 50 ft. long. Prospected 1924 and 1934-36. Developed by 67-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 29 and 47 ft. (Logan 25:157; 36:283.) IH ra See Oro y Plata. See Lone Star. Active prior to 1896. Developed by adit and open cuts. (Craw- ford 96:116.) See Carson Hill. (Crawford 96: 116; Kerr 00; Storms 00:121.) See Carson Hill. (MSP 10/20/- 83:244; Crawford 96:116; Kerr 00; Logan 35:133-4.) Consists of Sparrowhawk and Al bert claims. Long idle. Devel- oped by 700- and 200-ft. adits. (Logan 36:283-284.) Intermittently active. Developed by 50-ft. open shaft. See also Glencoe group. (Kerr 00.) (MSP 9/14/72:164,- 4/30/92: 318; Crawford 96:117; Tucker 16:83; herein.) F. H. Rindge of Stockton oper ated a number of mines in the Glencoe-Jesus Maria area dur- ing 1923-29. See also separate headings in tabulated list. (Lo- gan 25:157; 36:284-285.) Operated 1 920s by F. H. Rindge. Developed by open 740-ft. shaft with levels at 200, 300, 500, and 700 ft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. See alsc Rindge group. (Logan 36:284.) Unpatented claims. Prospected 1920s by F. H. Rindge. Five quartz veins developed by +6000-ft. adit. See also Rindg. group. (Logan 36:284.) 1963] Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 177 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referent Rindge No. 3 (True Blue) Rio Vista . Risins Sun Ritter Riverside Roanoke. Roble. . . Rochester. Rocky Bar. Rodden Rodesina Romaggi and Costa Romaggi Family. Rose Hill (Rodesina) Rosella. SWl/ 4 sec. 29, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Glencoe Carlo Mondani, Mokel- umne Hill A 4-ft. vein strikes N. in mica sc hist Rose Rock. NEI/4 sec. 19, T. 2 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Melones SWl/4 sec. 27, T. 5 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,on ridge N of Murray Creek 2 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch Wl/2 sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,byN Fork of Mokelumne River, 2'/2 mi. N of West Point B. and W. McArdle et al., 1406 N. Van Buren, Stockton 3 Donald H. Costello, 26641 Stanwood Ave., Hayward Not determined. Narrow N-striking veins in slate and mica schist; some high-grade pockets. A 1- to 3-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE; intersected by N-striking and E-dipping vein. Veins in granodiorite strike N and dip W; abundant sulfides. Sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. E., M.D.M., r Murphys 14 Not determined. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. NE'/ 4 sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., and NW'/ 4 sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E.. M.D.M., 1 mi. NW of Murphys SWl/4 sec. 22, T. 1 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. due S of Copper- opolis El/2 sec. 10 and WI/ 2 sec. 11,T. 2N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Angels Camp SWi/ 4 sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Angels Camp Sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. N of Mountain Ranch S'/2 sec. 5 and N'/j sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge S of El Dorado Creek, 1 mi. W of Mountain Ranch SW/4 sec. 3, T. 1 N., R. 11 E, M.D.M in Buckhorn Gulch SE of Quail Hill copper mine, 2 mi. N of Tele- graph City Betty Cole Woodruff, 1484 Brae Bure, Alta- dena Not determined . Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. C. C. and G. Sherwood, Box 3, Mountain Ranch Not determined . Quartz vein with rich pockets in quartz-mica schist strikes N. 80° W. and dips NE. Vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. On Mother Lode. Vein with phyllite footwall and greenstone hanging wall strikes NW and dips NE. Vein on Mother Lode belt strikes NW and dips NE,- green schist country rock. A 2'/2-ft. vein in slate strikes N. 18° W. and dips 80° NE. A vein as much as 1 8 ft. wide in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in greenstone strikes NW and dips NE; abun- dant sulfides. Operated 1920s by F. H. Rindge. Developed by 280-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. See also Rindge group. (Logan 36:285.) See Patsy Bob. Worked for pockets in 1890s,- prospected early 1930s. (Craw- ford 96:1 1 7; Kerr 00.) Active 1 850s and 1 892 to 1 91 4. Developed by 640-ft. adit and 200-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 7/16/92: 44; Kerr 00; Storms 00:123; Tucker 16:102.) Active 1881-1900. Ore treated in 6-stamp mill. Developed by adit. (MSP 5/7/81:292; 11/ 7/91:295; Crawford 94:96; 96:117; Kerr 00, Tucker 16: 102.) See Moser. Active prior to and in 1 883. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 9/8/83:148; Kerr 00.) See Fricot group. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Developed by open shaft. Long idle. Developed by shaft. See Rose Hill. Active prior to and during 1 890s. Developed by shallow shaft. (Crawford 96:106, 117; Kerr 00.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Worked through shal- low shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active 1 871 to 1 892. Developed by 700-ft. adit and 1 20-ft. shaft. Ore was treated in 10- stamp mill. (MSP 1/25/73: 52; 4/20/89:276,- Preston 93: 176; Crawford 96:117; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:102.) Active prior to 1914. Developed by 2 shafts. Ore treated in 2- stamp mill. (Tucker 16:103.) See Jumper. 178 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-335 B-336 B-337 B-338 B-339 B-340 B-341 B-342 B-343 Rothschild Rough and Ready Royal Royal (Emma, Pine Log) Russell (Vista). Rustler. . . Ruth Belle. Ryland Cons. Sacramento. . Safe Deposit . Salvador. . . . Sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M. ; at Carson Hill SW'/ 4 sec. 13, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Railroad Flat by Licking Fork of Mokelumne River Sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Jenny Lind NEI/ 4 sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Not determined . A. W. Haley, 1440 Hood Road, Sacra- mento Not determined . Wide vein zone on Mother Lode in greenstone and slate strikes NW and dips NE. Four 2- to 4-ft. veins in slate strike N. Wide vein zone in green- stone. Effie M. Tower, Farm- ington NWI/4 sec. 3, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Angels Camp Romie Rolleri, Angels Camp (1947) Vein with pyrite and ankerite strikes N. 30° W. and dips 65° NE; Vista vein strikes W and dips 35° N; am- phibolite country rock. On Mother Lode. Value of ore was $2 to $7 per ton. Nl/2 sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of Glencoe Sec. 20, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. due E of Jenny Lind Sec. 29, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. SWl/4 sec. 30, T. 3 N, R. 1 3 E., M.D.M., on Mother Lode 1 Vl mi. W of Altaville and just N of Benson mine W'/ 2 sec. 6, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on Ponderosa Way, 3 mi. S of Glencoe C. V. Joice, 1501 23rd Ave., Oakland Effie Tower, Faimington. Ada Amerman, c/o Miss Ida H. Nape, First National Bank, Scranton, Pa. Mae A. Clarke, 321 W. Flora St., Stockton (1936) Vtin with abundant sulfides in mica schist strikes N. Vein zone in slate and am- phibolite schist strikes NW and dips NE; abundant sulfides. Quartz vein with greenstone hanging wall and phyllite footwall strikes NW and dips NE. A 5-ft. vein in limestone strikes N and dips E. San Antonio . San Andreas . San Bruno (Good Hope) Sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. SE of San Andreas NWi/ 4 sec. 20, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Glencoe B. T. Cannon, 1 8 E. S. Temple St., Salt Lake City, Utah (1936) Myrtle Rader Glencoe ei Vein in slate strikes NW. A 4- to 6-ft. vein in slate and schist with diorite dikes strikes N and dips 60° W. Worked years ago through 80-ft. shaft. May be portion of Carson Hill mines. (Kerr 00.) Active early 1920s and late 1930s,- being reopened by owner. Developed by 1 50-ft. W crosscut adit with 200-ft. drift to S and old 300-ft. cross- cut adit 100 ft. below. (Logan 36:285.) Long idle. Worked through 50-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) (MSP 12/27/84:408; 7/16/92: 44,- Preston 93:168; Crawford 96:117-8; Kerr 00; Storms 00: 126-7; Brown 03:336; MSP 6/13/14:990; Tucker 16:103,- Logan 25:157; Knopf 29:72,- Logan 36:285-7,- Julihn 38: 117-19; herein.) Operated 1933 to 1936 by Rus- sell Gold Mining Company,- dump recently worked for road rock. Developed by 350-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 1 00, 200, and 300 ft. and about 1 ,350 ft. of drifts and crosscuts. Ore treated in 10-s'amp mill with Deister table. (Logan 36: 292-294.) See Dora and Homestake. Intermittently active. Developed by 40-ft. vertical shaft. Long idle. Developed by shallow shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active 1870s and early 1890s,- surface intermittently prospect- ed. Developed by shaft and adit. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (Preston 93:172; Craw- ford 94:96-97; 96:118.) Active early 1900s and 1930. Developed by two drift adits. Ore treated in 8-stamp mill. (MSP 12/5/03:375,- Tucker 16:103.) Lind sey. Prospected early 1900s. (MSP 8/20/05:1 45; Tucker 16:1 04.) Extensively worked 1860s and 1 870s when output was as much as $10,000 per month. Devel- oped by series of drift adits. (MSP 11/10/66:294; 7/4/ 74:5; Tucker 16:82.) 1963 Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 179 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referent. Sanchez See Janie Boyd. B-344 Sanderson SWI/4 sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M. Mrs. Amelia Stotts, R.F.D. Box 35, Mo- kelumne Hill (MSP 10/30/69:278,- 10/5/72: 212; Logan 36:287; herein.) Sandwich See Collier. San Justo See Carson Creek. B-345 San Pedro E'/ 2 sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. N of Glencoe Clarence E. Berry, Val- ley Springs Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes N. Long idle. Developed by shaft. B-346 See Carson Hill. B-347 Wl/ 2 sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Copperop- olis C. E. Longton et al., 1109 38th St., Sacra- mento (1936) Vein in greenstone strikes NWand dips NE. Long idle. Developed by shaft. Saratoga Sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., near Glencoe Not determined A 2-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes NW. Long idle. Worked through 90- ft. adit and shallow shaft. (Kerr 00.) Scannon Sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of San Andreas Not determined A 30-ft. vein zone in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Long idle. Worked through 65- ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) Schoolhouse SEi/4 sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Jesus Maria W. A. Hughes, Mokel- umne Hill Vein in quartz mica schist strikes N. Operated 1 920s by F. H. Rindge. Vein developed by 1 70-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. See also Rindge group. (Logan 36:285.) See Everlasting. Active 1880s. (MSP 6/24/84: 436; Tucker 16:104.) Scorpion NWi/ 4 sec. 11, T. 6N, R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of West Point Hilderbrandt, Posner & Co., c/o Dr. M. M. Posner, 2491 Wash- ington St., San Fran- Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. cisco Seattle Sec. 36, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. S of Mokelumne Mill Not determined Vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Long idle. Worked through sev- eral shallow shafts and open cuts. (Kerr 00.) B-348 NEl/4 sec. 15, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Railroad Flat, by S Fork of Mokelumne River John T. Senica, Railroad Flat A 3- to 5 -ft. vein with abun- dant sulfides and calcite and associated with diorite dikes in mica schist strikes N. 70° W. and dips 65° NE. Active many years ago and inter- mittently since 1957. Devel- oped by open SE drift adit and open stopes. Shaw Sec. 30, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on ridge between San Domingo Creek and Sullivan Gulch, 3 mi. N of Murphys Not determined A 2-ft. vein in slate and ser- pentine. Unpatented claim. Active during 1890s. Developed by 245-ft. crosscut adit and 145-ft. shaft. (Crawford 96:119; Tucker 16: 104.) B-349 Sheep Ranch .... SEI/4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch (MSP 3/18/71-:163; 12/1/77: 341 ,lrelan 87:30; 88:1 21 -133,- Preston 93:1 75-6; Turner 94:6; Crawford 94:96; MSP 9/14/ 95:168; Crawford 96:119; Kerr 00; Storms 00:104-5; Tucker 1 6:1 04-5; MSP 1 /29/21 :1 72; Hamilton 22:27-8; Logan 23c: 17; 25:158-9; 36:288; Julihn 38:110-12; Eric 48:222; here- in.) 180 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. B-350 B-351 B-352 B-353 B-354 B-355 B-356 B-357 Name of claim, mine, or group Shenandoah (Hoosier. Mary Lowrey, Way) Sheridan. Location Sherman Ranch. Shotgun King . Sierra Queen. Single Standard . . Sixteen-to-One. Slate Creek Smith. Smith and Crooks Smyth. . Smythe. South Bank. Soap Root . Ni/ 2 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., on Jesus Maria Creek, 5 mi. NW of Mountain Ranch T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., SW of Me- lones Owner (Name, address) J. S. Jack et al., San An- dreas (1936) SEi/ 4 sec. 16, T. 3 N., R. 12E.,M.D.M.,on Cherokee Creek, 6 mi. NW of Angels Camp WI/2 sec. 20, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Glencoe Sec. 20, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,1 mi.NE of Glencoe in Mos- quito Gulch T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Murphys Sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. N of Mountain Ranch Sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. S of Valley Springs SWi/ 4 sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 14 E.. M.D.M., 2I/2 mi. SW of Mur- phys SWl/4 sec. 11, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2'/2 mi. S of Angels Camp W"/ 2 sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 14E.,M.D.M.,on Red Hill, 1/4 mi. W of Vallecito NE'/ 4 5ec. 11, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of West Point NWi/4 sec. 30, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. N of Murphys by Indian Cr >ek Not determined . Geology C. J. Tiscornia, San An- dreas Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco 9 Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco 9 Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined. K. Collins, et al., Rt. 2, Box 625, Oakdale Not determined. Not determined. E. W. Farnsworth et al., 1 326 E. Harvard, Glendaie 5 A 2- to 5-ft. vein in mica schist and quartiite strikes NE and dips NW,- amphib- olite schist lies E. A 2- to 10-ft. vein in slate developed by adit. Quartz stringers in slate strike NW and dip NE. Vein in mica schist and slate strikes N. Quartz vein with abundant pyrites and calcite in mica schist strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N. A 1 -ft. vein in slate strikes N. 7° W. and dips 85° NE. A 2-ft. vein in greenstone strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes W and dips N; abundant sulfides. On Mother Lode. A 20-50 ft. vein zone strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW. A 2 '/<2-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes NW and dips NE; abundant sulfides. A 5-ft. vein in mica schist strikes W and dips N. Remarks and references Consists of three claims. Active 1 890s, 1 91 6, 1 923, and 1 936. Developed by 1 ,500- and 1 ,600-ft. adits and 500-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (Preston 93:176; Crawford 94: 96-97; 96:1 1 9; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:105-106; Logan 36:289.) Prospected around 1893. (Craw- ford 94.97; 96:119.) See Ranch. Active 1899, 1914, and 1930. Developed by several shallow shafts. (MSP 11/18/99:581; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:106; Logan 35:147.) Prospected 1930s. Developed by shaft. See also Glencoe group. (Kerr 00.) Active 1870s and 1880s ; pros- pected in 1930s. Developed by W-crosscut caved adit. Ore treated in 4-stamp mill. See also Glencoe group. (Kerr 00; Lo- gan 36:292.) Worked for pockets early 1890s. (Crawford 96:119.) Long idle. Worked through 50-ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Unpatented claim. Active 1890s and 1900. Developed by adit and shaft. (Crawford 96:119- 120; Kerr 00; MSP 8/4/00: 126.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. Active 1914. (Tucker 16:106.) See Angels Deep. (Tucker 16: 106.) Unpatented claim. Active prior to 1896. Developed by shaft and drifts. (Crawford 96:120; Tucker 16:106.) See Mar John. (MSP 3/18/71: 163; Kerr 00, Tucker 16:106.) Active 1870s to 1890s,- pros- pected 1949 by M. B. Haley. Developed by shaft. (MSP 7/ 27/72:52; 6/25/87:416; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:106.) Active prior to and in 1904; prospected early 1930s. De- veloped by 125- and 1 10-ft. shafts. (Kerr 00; MSP 10/15/ 04:262; Tucker 16:106; Lo- gan 36:289.) 1963 Calaveras County LODE GOLD-Continued 181 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and refert Soren South Carolina. South Paloma. Southwell Sparrow Hawk . Specimen. . . . Spotted Pup. Spring Day Spring Gulch . Standard (Early Bird) Stand By Stanislaus . Starlight. . Star oF India (Curtis) Star of the West. SW"/ 4 sec. 26, T. 7 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,at Skull Flat 2 mi. N of West Point N'/ 2 sec. 24, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. SWI/4 sec. 27 and SE'/ 4 sec. 28, T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. , 1 mi. N of Paloma Soren Christiansen, West Point (1936) Fred G. Stevenot, 300 Montgomery St., San Francisco J. H. Steleman, T. E. McSorley et al., Mo- kelumne Hill Vein in granodiorite strikes N,- abundant sulfides. Vein in black Mariposa slate strikes N. W'/ 2 sec. 2, T. 5 N., R. 12 E M.D.M., at Rich Gulch, 5 mi. E of Mokelumne Hill Nl/2 sec. 3, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., by Highway 49, 3 mi. S of San Andreas Sec. 22, T. 5 N., R. 12 E, M.D.M., 1 mi.SE of Jesus Maria SE'/ 4 sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Glencoe Sec. 35, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on ridge S of Skull Flat Gulch, 2'/ 2 mi. NW of West Point Sec. 18, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., on Lick- ing Fork of Mokel- umne River, 3 mi. SE of West Point NEI/4 sec. 35, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M 2 mi. E of Railroad Flat Anna M. Hansen, P.O. Box 386, Belmont John Guttinger, San Andreas Ed King, San Andreas (1936) Ruby S. Jones et al., c/o Bernice Hickinbotham, 1815 N. Hunter St., Stockton Not determined Not determined. Harry Buchanan, Rt. 1 , Box 33B, Mokelumne Hill A 3-ft. vein in slate strikes NW and dips NE. Vein in slate and phy Mite strikes NW and dips NE. A 10-ft. vein strikes NE and dips NW. A 2-ft. quartz vein in slate strikes N. 10° W. and dips 65° NE. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. Vein in granodiorite strikes N; abundant sulfides. A 1- to 3-ft. vein strikes N and dips 64° E; quartz- mica schist country rock. SEi/4 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. E of San Andreas NE'/ 4 sec. 5, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Angels Camp SEl/4 sec. 26, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Skull Flat, 3 mi. NE of West Point John R. Ross, Star Route, San Andreas Ethel I. Calahan, P.O. Box 384, Burlingame Chas. Harker, Humboldt Bank Bldg., San Fran- cisco (1936) Quartz vein with parallel stringers in slate and schist strike N. Concentrates averaged $162 per ton. A 40- to 50-ft. vein zone on Mother Lode that strikes NW and dips NE. An 18-inch vein in grano- diorite strikes NW and dips SW,- abundant sul- fides. Long idle. Developed by adit. See Carson Hill. (Crawford 94:97; MSP 11/9/95:306; Crawford 96:120; Tucker 16:107.) A south extension of the Gwin mine. Active prior to and dur- ing 1890s. See also Gwin mine. (Crawford 96:120; MSP 5/21/98:537.) See Angels. Active 1888 to around 1900. Developed by shafts and open cut. (MSP 9/1/88:144; 9/ 29/00:377; Kerr 00.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. (MSP 9/19/96:242; Kerr 00; Logan 36:292.) Prospected 1936. Developed by 100-ft. adit. (Logan 36:289.) Active around 1914. Developed by shallow shaft. (Tucker 16: 107.) Unpatented claim. Prospected 1896 and 1914. (Crawford 96: 120, Tucker 16:107.) Unpatented claim. Active around 1914. (Tucker 16:108.) Prospected in mid-1 920s and 1934. Developed by 70-ft. inclined shaft with 400-ft. drift on 65-ft. level. Ore treated in mill with ball mill, plate, and vanner. (Kerr 00; Logan 25: 153; 36:288.) See Carson Hill. Active prior to and during early 1890s,- 1940s and early 1950s. Developed by 145-ft. shaft now caved. Ore treated in 5- stamp mill. (Crawford 96:120; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:107.) Active 1 890s. Developed by adit and shafts. (MSP 6/10/93: 358; Crawford 94:97; 96:1 20.) Active 1880s, 1910-13, and early 1930s. Developed by 275-ft. shaft. Ore treated in TO-stamp mill. (MSP 9/2/82: 332; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:107; Logan 25:151-152.) 182 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 2 LODE GOLD— Continued Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Stars and Stripes. . T. 2 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2'/ 2 mi. NE of Milton Not determined Vein in greenstone strikes N. Active prior to 1 896. (Crawford 96:120.) Starvation Sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of San Andreas Not determined A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Long idle. Worked through 25- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Steger Sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. W of West Point Allen Smith, West Point (1936) An 18-inch vein in grano- diorite strikes NW and dips SW,- sulfides abun- dant. Consists of Steger and Josephine claims. Active 1870s, around 1914, and 1936. Developed by a 450-ft. adit and two shafts. Ore treated in 3-stamp mill. (MSP 2/3/72:68; Tucker 16:108,- Logan 23a:21 ; 36: 289.) See Carson Hill. See Columbus. Stickle See Utica. (MSP 10/3/66:230; 6/28/73:402; Irelan 87:28; 88:124-26,- MSP 3/31/94: 195; Kerr 00; Ransome 00:9.) See Bruner. B-368 Stoetzer NI/ 2 sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Glencoe Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco 9 Vein in mica schist and slate strikes N. Prospected 1930s. Developed by shaft. See also Glencoe group (Kerr 00.) Stonewall Sec. 7, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2l/ 2 mi. SW of Murphys George S. Taylor, Mur- phys (1936) Vein in mica schist strikes NW. Active 1890s. Developed by 300- and 620-ft. crosscut adits and 85-ft. shaft. (Crawford 96: 120; Logan 36:289.) B-369 Stonewall Jackson NE"/ 4 sec. 31, T. 6 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M on ridge N of North Fork Calaveras River, 2 mi. S of Glencoe Ernest Allen, Glencoe. . A 3-ft. vein in slate and schist strikes N and dips E. Active 1880s,- prospected 1954 and 1955. Developed by two W-trending crosscut adits and drifts. (MSP 1 /29/87:68; Tucker 16:108.) See Alpha and Omega. See Angels Deep. (Irelan 88: 126-29; MSP 3/23/89:202; Brown 90:147; Fairbanks 90: 60; MSP 7/9/92:28; Crawford 94:97.) Suffolk Sugar Pine Sec. 2, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. W of Murphys Not determined A 4-ft. vein in slate strikes W and dips N. Active 1897-1902. Developed by 100-ft. shaft, open cut, and adit. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 2/13/97:134,- Kerr 00; MSP 4/12/02:208.) B-370 Sultana (Bovee, Cushing, Fritz) N'/ 2 sec. 33 and S'/ 2 sec. 28. T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., at An- gels Camp Golden Lode Mining Co.,c/oR. R. Wool- ley, 6535 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles 48 On Mother Lode. Two 5- to 1 4-ft. veins in green schist strike NW and dip NE. Extensively worked 1852 to 1872; intermittently active to 1905. Developed by 700-ft. vertical shaft with levels at 100, 300, and 700 ft. Ore treated originally in 10-stamp mill, later in 20-stamp mill. (MSP 1/30/69:70; 10/26/95:270; 11/16/95:322; Crawford 96: 104; Kerr 00; Storms 00:119; Tucker 16:108; Logan 35:147- 148.) B-371 Summit SEi/4 sec. 11, T. 5 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,on Esperanza Creek, 3'/2 mi. S of Railroad Flat Walter Shackleford, An- gels Camp A 2-ft. vein in mica schist with diorite dike strikes N. 15° W. and dips 45° NE; ore yielded $6 per ton. Active prior to 1914 and again in 1930s. Developed by open SE 50-ft. drift adit. (Tucker 16: 108.) Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 183 Map : Name of claim, No. mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference Summit Sunny Side Sunrise Sunrise Surf & Cordes. . Swallow Sweepstakes. . . . Swiss Table Mountain. Table Mountain . Tandee Tangier. Tanner Tate. Taylor (Mascot). Sees. 30,31,T. 6N.,R. 13 E.,M.D.M. SW'/ 4 sec. 23, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Melones and just W Carson Creek mine Sees. 30 and 31, T. 3 N.,R.14E.,M.D.M., on E slope of Red Hill, l/ 2 mi. SW of Vallecito NE"/ 4 sec. 34, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., near Esmeralda School Wl/2 sec. 4, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Melones Dam Sec. 5, T. 6 N. E., M.D.M. R. 13 El/ 2 sec. 33, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. ,2 mi. NW of West Point and just S of West Point power house SI/2 sec. 29, T. 6 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 3I/2 mi. due E Railroad Flat and just N Fine Gold mine NEi/ 4 sec. 3,T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. ,1 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch SWi/ 4 sec. 1,T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Sheep Ranch T. 4 N., R. 14 E.. M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Sheepranch on O'Neil's Creek SW/4 sec. 30, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SW of Glencoe SEl/4 sec. 32, T. 4 N., R. 14E., M.D.M., on Chaparral Hill, 1 l/ 2 mi. NE of Murphys Sec. 10, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of Railroad Flat NEi/4 sec. 11, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., in Collierville district 4 mi. due E of Murphys Not determined. Not determined. Lillian P. Davis, 2872 Jackson St., San Fran- cisco (1936) Not determined Franklin Garbarini, Sr., Jackson W. P. Caubu, c/o F. R. Drinkhouse, 1257 Shrader St., San Fran- cisco Annie M. Raggio, An- gels Camp (1936) California Trust Co., 629 So. Spring St., Los Angeles (1936) D. T. Jones, Sheepranch (1936) Thomas Taylor, Railroad Flat Not determined. John Tate, Lodi (1936). L. W. and H. K. Barnes, Box 255, Murphys On Mother Lode,- vein in phyllite and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. A 3-ft. vein in slate and granite strikes NE. Vein in mica schist strikes W and dips N. Vein strikes NW and dips NE,- serpentine and green- stone country rock. Narrow quartz vein in grano- diorite strikes N and dips W. Vein of white to gray quartz in slate and hornfels strikes N and dips W,- sulfides abundant. Vein in mica schist and slate strikes E and dips N. Vein in mica schist strikes NW,- abundant sulfides. Vein that may be N exten- sion of Sheepranch vein. Vein in mica schist strikes N and dips E,- several high- grade pockets. An 8-inch vein in slate strikes N. 30° E. and dips 70° SE; abundant sulfides. Vein up to 12 ft. wide with abundant sulfides in mica schist strikes N. Two parallel 3-ft. veins in slate and mica schist with some quartzite strike W and dip 40° N. Long idle. Active around 1914. Developed by 2 adits. (Tucker 16:108- 109.) Prospected prior to 1914. (Kerr 00; Tucker 16:108.) Long idle prospect. Located 1955; intermittently prospected since. Developed by shallow inclined shaft. Active early 1900s,- prospected in 1930s. Developed by open 200-ft. shaft and drifts. Long idle. Worked through 110- ft. shaft. (Kerr 00.) Long idle. Prospected around 1936. Devel- oped by open cuts. (Logan 36: 289-290.) Long idle. Developed by open drift adit and inclined shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active 1913 to early 1920s. De- veloped by 700-ft. adit. Ore treated in 2-stamp and 7- stamp mills. (Tucker 16:109; MSP 10/25/19:618; Logan 23b:98.) Active 1932-34. Developed by 150-ft. shaft. Ore treated 4- stamp mill. (Logan 36:290.) Worked many years ago,- pros- pected by G. E. Mayer in 1936. Developed by 225-ft. adit and 85-ft. vertical shaft, both caved, and open cuts. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:274.) 184 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-383 B-385 B-386 B-387 B-388 Tecumseh NE'/ 4 sec. 11 and NW 1/4 sec. 12, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Telesraph City in Texas Gulch Sophia and Doris J. Murphy, 728 W. Acacia St., Stockton Telluride Group. T. 4 N., R M.D.M., 3 m Murphys 14 E., N of Minnie Hengen, San Andreas (1936) A 5-ft. vein in greenstone and talcose schist strikes N. 10° W. and dips 75° SW ; sulfides abundant in vein and adjacent wall rock. Ore yielding $25 to $40 per ton was mined. Vein in mica schist strikes NW. Tellurium . B-384 I Texas. . . Thomas Brothers claims Thorn . . Thorne . Thorpe . Tiger. . . Tip Top. Tollgate (Port Arthur) Tolman . . . Tom Smith Tons NE'/ 4 sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW Valley Springs NEl/4 sec. 23, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Cave City by O'Neil's Creek J. R. Hoskinson et al., 810 N. Linden Drive, Beverly Hills (1936) E. A. Thomas et Mountain Ranch al., SWl/4 sec. 11, T. 3 N., R. 12 E.,M.D.M. Sec. 3 T. 3N.,R. 12E., M.D.M., near Fourth Crossing NEl/4 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W Angels Camp SWl/4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 14E.,M.D.M.,on ridge between San Antonio and O'Neils Creeks, 1 mi. NW of Sheep Ranch Sec. 10, T. 5 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M. 3mi.SW of Railroad Flat Narrow quartz stringers strike N. 50° W. and dip NE. A series of claims on narrow N- and E-trending veins in mica schist; some high- grade pockets. Limestone to NE. N. F. and G. L. Ponte, San Andreas Not determined. Cora B. Meyers, Angels Camp Calaveras Cons. Mining Co., c/o Albert Stast- ny, 4111 SE. Bybee, Portland 2, Oregon Not determined . Vein zone as much as 50 ft. thick strikes NW and dips NE. On Mother Lode. On Mother Lode. Vein in amphibolite strikes N. 45° W. and dips NE. Last ore milled yielded $7.50 per ton. An 1 8-in. vein strikes N. 56° W. and dips 45° NE. A 4-ft. vein in mica schist.. . Gold and copper mine. Exten- sively worked in early 1870s,- cement copper may have been produced later. Developed by open shaft at least 400 ft. deep with levels at each 100 ft. Ore treated in 10-stamp mill. (MSP 8/24/72:116; 5/24/73:325; 11/15/73:314; Kerr 00.) Consists of two claims. Prospected early 1930s. Developed by 30-ft. shaft and 1 00-ft. adit. (Logan 36:290.) See Bence. Active prior to and during 1935- 36. Developed by 85-ft. shaft and 1,500 ft. of drifts. Ore treated in 5-ton pilot mill. (Logan 36:290.) Developed by short drift adits and open cuts,- prospected in- termittently. Claims are the H.O., Yellow Bird, Golden Poppy, Lucky Boy, Rose Marie, Tip Top, Coarse Gold, Mt. Bullion, Cave City, and A 1. (Logan 36:277; Clark 54: 20.) See Pi Chief. (MSP 3/18/71:163; Fairbanks 90:63; MSP 9/19/91.180; Crawford 96:121; Kerr 00; MSP 3/11/1 6:384; Tucker 1 6: 109; Logan 35:143; herein.) See Ilex. Long idle. Developed by open cut and shallow shaft. (Kerr 00.) Active prior to 1892 and inter- mittently thereafter to 1925. Developed by 1 50-ft. inclined shaft with levels at 100 and 1 50 ft. Ore treated originally in 20- stamp mill and later in 3-stamp mill with vanner. (Preston 93 171,- MSP 3/22/02:165 Tucker 16:101; Hamilton 22 28; Logan 25:159-160; 35 148.) See Gold Star. Active 1889, 1902 and 1914. Developed by 400- and 800- ft. adits. (MSP 4/20/89:276; 12/20/02:358; Tucker 16: 110; Logan 36:290.) Active 1 890. Developed by 200- ft. adit. (MSP 5/24/90:348; Kerr 00.) 196 V Calaveras County 185 LODE GOLD— Continued Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference? Total Wreck. Tracy (G.A.R.). Triple Lode (Blair, El Do- rado) Blue Tryon (Greenstone) Tulloch. Tupper Creek . Twin Oaks (Bumstead) Union Union Cons. Union Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. NW'/ 4 sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of Murphys Sec. 2, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , near Angels Camp S'/ 2 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. G. D. Martin, Sheep Ranch Louise C. and John J. Snyder, Box 536, Valley Springs Royal A. Miller et al., 1265 26th Ave., San Francisco J. B. Demaria, and Margaret Gianera, 214 Columbus Ave., San Francisco NWl/ 4 sec. 3, T. 2 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., at Angels Camp Walter W. Tryon, P.O. Box 1093, Rio Vista SWl/4 sec. 11 and NWI/4 sec. 14, T. 2 N.,R.13E., M.D.M. T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., near Doug- las Flat on Tupper Creek T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. N of Murphys Utica Mines, Inc. et al., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco S. B. Gardner, Murphys (1936) Twin Oaks Mining Co., 1823 Van Ness Ave., San Francisco (1936) SW'/ 4 sec. 12, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of Mokelumne Hill Sec. 33, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. F. O. Proctor, Murphys (1936) John Guttinger, Andreas San Union-Rathgeb group (Rathgeb, Union, Cordo- va) Uno John Guttinger, et al., San Andreas A 4- to 5-ft. vein in mica schist strikes N. 70° W. On Mother Lode. A 40-ft. vein zone with greenstone hanging wall and slate foot- wall strikes NW and dips NE. Vein up to 24 ft. thick in slabby greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Three parallel veins in slate and mica schist strike N. A 1 - to 4-ft. vein in mica schist and slate strikes W and dips S; contained $9" ore. Vein in slate strikes NW. Part of Sheep Ranch mine which see. (Kerr 00.) Active 1880s, 1890s, and 1936- 38. Developed by 1 50-ft. ver- tical open shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (MSP 5/25/89: 376,- 6/21/90:414,- Crawford 96:121; Kerr 00; Logan 36: 290-91 .) Active prior to and during 1 890s. Developed by 1 80-ft. shaft. (MSP 5/22/97:434; Kerr 00.) (Preston 93:172; MSP 12/29/ 94:413; Crawford 94:90, 97; 96:98; Tucker 16:70; Hamil- ton 22:28-29; Logan 23b:98 ; 23c:18; 25:160; 35:148-149; herein.) See Rindge No. 3. Active prior to and around 1 897; mined for roofing granules from 1925 to 1941. Developed by 325-ft. shaft with levels at 100, 200, and 300 ft. and adit. See also under stone. (Crawford 96: 121; MSP 11/20/97:486; Tucker 16:110; Logan 25:168- 169; 36:235.) (Crawford 94:98; MSP 1 1 /2/95: 286; Crawford 96:121; Storms 00:1 21 ; Tucker 1 6:1 1 0; Logan 25:160; 35:149; 36:291 ,- here- in.) Consists of 3 claims, worked in 1936. Developed by 1 50-ft. adit and open cuts. Ore treated in mill containing jaw crusher, ball mill, plate, and table. (Logan 36:283.) Active early 1930s. Developed by 1 50-ft. crosscut adit and connecting 90-ft. shaft. Ore treated in a Nenzel mill. (Lo- gan 36:291.) See Carson Hill. Long idle. See Union-Rathgeb group. (MSP 4/22/71:244; Irelan 88:147; Fairbanks 90:63; Crawford 94: 96; 96:116; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:110; Logan 36:291-292.) (Herein.) See Empire. California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD-Continued [County Report 2\ Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-395 B-396 B-397 B-398 B-399 B-400 Utica (Brown, Confidence, Dead Horse, Jackson, Little Nuggett, Rasp- berry, Stickles, Washington) Valentine. Sees. 33 and 34, T. 3 N, R. 13 E.,M.D.M. Utica Mines, Inc., 220 Montgomery St., San Francisco Valentine, Jr. Vanderbilt . . . Venus Veritas. Virginia . Virginia . Vista... Vonich Wagon Rut. Washington . Washington (Bullion Hi McNair) Washington . Water Lily. Nl/ 2 sec. 19, T. 6N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just N of Glencoe Haslett Warehouse Co., 680 Beach St., San Francisco E-striking vein in mica schist. Sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Mountain Ranch Not determined Vein up to 20 ft. thick in slate strikes NE and dips SE. Sec. 22, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., near the Gwin mine 2 mi. N of Paloma Not determined. An 8-ft. vein in slate strikes N and dips E. NWi/ 4 sec. 21, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of Angels Camp Gulch Vc Ei/ 2 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 13 EM. DM., 1i/ 2 mi. W of Angels Camp Sec. 19, T. 4 N., R. E., M.D.M., 1 SW of San Andreas 13 mi. John P. Vonich et al., Angels Camp Violet Miller, 971 Mis- sion St., San Francisco (1936) Not determined. Vein in slate and green schist strikes N. 25° W. and dips 60° NE. On Mother Lode. Vein with phyllite and slate footwall and green schist hanging wall strikes N. 60° W. and dips NE. On Mother Lode. Two veins as much as 1 4 ft. thick in greenstone and slate strike NW and dip NE. E'/2 sec. 14 E. 20, T. 4 N. M.D.M. Mary Jane Osselin, Sheep Ranch El/2 sec. 2, T. 6 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 1 mi. E of West Point B. F. Porter Estate, c/o W. T. Sesnon, Hol- brook Bldg., San Fran- cisco (1936) A 1- to 4-ft. vein of dark quartz with abundant sul- fides in granodiorite strikes N. 15° W. and dips 80° SW,- 200-ft. ore shoot. (MSP 4/27/72:260; 7/11/85: 24,- Irelan 87:28-29; 88:122- 26; Fairbanks 90:61; Brown 90:150-51; MSP 2,21/91: 114,- Crawford 94:98-99; 96: 121-22,- MSP 2 22 ,'96:1 50; Kerr 00, Ransome 00:9; Storms 00:111-119; Tucker 16:110- 112; Logan 35:149-51; here- in.) Active 1870s, 1880s, prospected 1935. Developed by 350-ft. crosscut adit. Ore treated in 20-stamp mill. (MSP 11/24/ 77:322; 10 29 81:282; Kerr 00; Logan 36:292.) See Angels. See Chaparral Hill group. (MSP 7/16/81:36; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:74.) Long idle. Worked through 50- ft. shaft and 100-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) SeeF ee rellowcra ft. Long idle. Worked through 70- ft. shaft and 80-ft. adit. (Kerr 00.) See Black Oak. See Russell. Active around 1903. Developed by W crosscut adit and 195-ft. shaft. (MSP 9/26/03:207; Tucker 16:112.) Extensively worked many years ago. Developed by open in- clined shaft. Active 1 898. Developed by 1 28- ft. shaft. (MSP 11 19 98: 509; Kerr 00.) XMSP 4/27/72:260; Crawford 94:99; 96:122; Kerr 00; MSP 1 /1 5 / 10:1 41; Tucker 16:73, 112; Hamilton 22:25-26; Lo- gan 23b:98; 23c:17; 24:4-5; 25:160-161; herein.) See Utica. Considerable activity during 1 880s ; mostly idle since. De- veloped by 230- and 1 25-ft. shafts. Ore treated in 3-stamp mill. (MSP 9/25 86:204,- Ire- lan 88:141; Crawford 94:90; 96:122, Kerr 00; Tucker 16: 112,- Logan 23a:21.) 1963 Calaveras County LODE GOLD— Continued 187 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referen Waterman (Fairfax) Watson W, ay Wesson . Wet Gulch Wet Gulch. Wheelock . Whiskey. White Pine. White Swan. Whittle. Wickham and Buhlert Wide Awake. Wide West. NWI/4 sec. 3, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., in Angels Camp El/2 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Copperopolis Norma A. K. Grimes et al., c/o Mrs. D. A. Grimes, 6436 Collette Way, North High- land B. Watson et al., First National Bank Bids., Stockton (1936) On Mother Lode. A 5-ft. vein with pyrite and an- kerite strikes N. 20° W. and dips 55° NE; green schist footwall and meta- gabbro hanging wall. Vein in slate and greenstone strikes NW and dips NE. Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. W of San Andreas Sec. 27, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. S'/ 2 sec. 14, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. ,2 mi. SE of Jesus Maria in Wet Gulch NEi/4 sec. 23, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S Cave City by O'Neil's Creek T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of West Point NWl/4 sec. 9, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Murphys SWi/ 4 sec. 15, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SW of Mokel- umne Hill WI/ 2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 1, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. E West Point T. 5 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., on ridge S of EsDeranza Creek, 5 mi. SW of Railroad Flat El/s sec. 2, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of West Point Not determined. T. P. Shufelton, 418 Turk St., San Francisco (1936) E. A. Thomas, Mountain Ranch J. H. Thompson, West Point (1936) A. M. McQuig, c/o Geo. Stannard, 5548 Holway St., Oakland (1936) Annie M. Raggio, An- gels Camp (1936) Henry Whittle et al., Angels Camp Charles Gillich et al., 555 Coventry Road, Berkeley; leased to Glendon Lowry, West Point Not determined Richard Harker, 701 Dona St., Sunnyvale Mineralized zone up to 60 ft. thick in slate strikes NW and dips NE. On Mother Lode. A N-striking vein in grano- diorite with some schist. A 1 - to 6-ft. vein in mica schist with talc strikes N and dips 80° E,- sulfides abundant. Vein in granodiorite strikes N. Vein in quartz-mica schist strikes NW. Three N-striking granodiorite. Vein strikes W and dips N; mica schist country rock. A 2'/2-ft. vein in granodiorite strikes N and contains abundant sulfides. Devel- oped by shallow shafts, several W-crosscut adits, and open cuts. Wide Extensively worked many yea ago, diamond drilled in 1914. Developed by open inclined shaft. (Tucker 16:112,- Logan 35:151.) Long idle. Developed by shaft. See Shenandoah. Active prior to and in 1 883. De- veloped by 40-ft. shaft. (MSP 3/10/83:164,- Kerr 00.) Extensively worked years ago. Developed by N-trending adit and shaft. Ore treated in stamp Active 1860s and during 1920s and 1930s,- intermittently pros- pected. Has total output of $300,000. Developed by 1000-ft. S drift adit and several shorter ones. Ore treated in 1 0- stamp mill. (Crawford 96:123; Tucker 16:112.) Active 1883. Developed by 75- and 106-ft. shafts. (Logan 36: 294.) Long idle. North extension of Gwin mine, which see. (Kerr 00.) (MSP 8/3/89:93,- Crawford 94: 99,- 96:123,- Tucker 16:113; herein.) Active many years ago,- now being prospected. Developed by 350-ft. adit. Active prior to 1 91 4. Developed by 100-ft. shaft. Ore treated in 5-stamp mill. (Tucker 16:113.) Active 1 880s, 1 890s. Some pros- pecting early 1920s. (MSP 7/ 19/84:40; Kerr 00; Logan 25: 151-52.) See Etna King. 188 California Division of Mines and Geology LODE GOLD— Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references B-410 Wilbur Womble. NW'/ 4 sec. 29, T. 2 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. Joseph Bertatta et al., Douglas Flat (MSP 1 1 /21 /96:426 ; Tucker 1 4: 113,- Logan 25:153-154,- 36: 261; herein.) B-411 Wild Goose Sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M. Wilferd Due Sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Mountain Ranch Not determined Two 8-ft. veins at limestone- slate contact strike NW and dip NE. Active early 1900s. Worked through 125-ft. adit. Ore treated in mill. (Kerr 00.) Willard See Oro y Plata. Wilson See Annapolis. Winchester Sec. 21, T. 4 N., R. 13 E.. M.D.M., 1 mi. NW of Fricot School Not determined Two veins up to 10 ft. thick in slate and mica schist strike NW and dip NE,- galena abundant. Long idle. Worked through 25- ft. adit and shallow shaft. (Kerr 00.) B-412 Wolverine NE'/ 4 sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Ruby Taylor, et al., Rail- road Flat (MSP 3/25/71:178; 6/23/73: 402; Kerr 00; Tucker 16:114; Logan 36:294; herein.) Wonder Sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. E of Jesus Maria Not determined Two veins up to 10 ft. thick in slate strike NW and dip NE. Long idle. Worked through 45- ft. shaft and open cut. (Kerr 00.) B-413 Woodhouse SW/4 sec. 8 and NW'A sec. 17.T. 6N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. Woodhouse Mining Co., c/o W. W. Gibson, 1015 Fruitvale Ave., Oakland 1 (MSP 8/7/75:84; Kerr 00; Tuck- er 16:114,- Logan 23a:21; 24: 76; 36:294-95; Eric 48:223; herein.) B-414 Yanix Sec. 32, T. 7 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. B-415 Yellow Aster (Yellow Star) SWl/4 sec. 5, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. O. C. Brink and E. J. (MSP 11/26/98:533; herein.) Nuhn, P.O. Box 1021, Stockton Yellow Pine Sec. 6, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NE of Milton . Not determined Vein in greenstone strikes N. Active prior to 1895. (Crawford 96:123; Kerr 00.) Yellow Star See Yellow Aster. B-416 Yellowstone WI/2 sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 13 E M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Angels Camp and just N of Safe Deposit mine Ada Amerman, c/o Miss Ida H. Nape, First National Bank, Scranton, Pa. On Mother Lode. Vein in slate and phyllite,- tellur- ides recovered. Active prior to 1892; recent sur- face prospecting. Developed by several shallow shafts. (Pres- ton 93:173,- Crawford 94:100; 96:123.) B-417 Young America. . Zacatera NE'/ 4 sec. 14, T. 3 N., R. 14E.,2'/ 2 mi. NW of Murphys James C. Haslam, 1917 Bell - St., Sacramento 21 Vein in mica schist strikes W. Long idle. Developed by adit. (Crawford 96:123; Kerr 00.) See North Star. Ziegler See Etna King. (MSP 4/10/97: 306; Kerr 00.) 1963] Calaveras County PLACER GOLD 189 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referenc Aetna Cons. (Peirano shaft) Agostini . Altaville. Amazon Star Cons. American Dredg- ing Co. Atlas Gold Dredging Corp. Avalanche i, E. A. Balaklava(I.X.L) Baldv Banner Blue Gravel (Big Bend) El/ 2 s«. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Angels Camp SEi/ 4 sec. 2, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., near Latimer Gulch, 1 '/2 mi. NW of San An- dreas NWl/ 4 sec. 21 ,T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. NWl/4 sec. 21 , T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , about 1 mile N of Altaville SEl/4 sec. 21, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Vallecito SEl/4 sec. 15, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M., 1/4 mi. NE of Wallace SE>/ 4 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 1/ 2 mi. SE of Valle- cito Not determined . Altaville Mining Co., Altaville, Lessee: George Schnauder, Box 41, Altaville Purinton Mining 1538 Hudson Redwood City Not determined. . . Co., St., Not determined. John C. Cox, c/o L. V. Ruelle, Willits Not determined. G. C. Tryon Estate, c/o George M. Tryon, Angels Camp On Central Hill channel. On Deep Blue Lead. On Central Hill channel. On Cataract (Table Moun- tain) channel. Gritty chan- nel gravel 60 ft. thick. Gravel 5 to 40 ft. thick, con- tains 10% boulders, 20% clay. On Cataract channel. 30-ft. paystreak in soft gravel yielded $3 per carload. Center sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. NE of Mountain Ranch, at intersection of Jesus Maria Creek and Fort Mountain channel Not determined Gravel 15 ft. thick, 100 ft. wide,- contains 25%-40% coarse boulders, much black sand and pyrite. Gravel capped by rhyolite, said to average $2.50 to $4.00 per ton. Drift-mine shaft, 240 ft. deep, 900 ft. SE of Reiner shaft,- ac- quired by Calaveras Central Gold Mining Co., which see, in 1931,- used as safety exit for workings of Reiner (main) shaft. No recorded production. (Ju- lihn 38:42-46.) Drift mine. Active 1890s. Shaft 200-ft. deep,- short drift at bot- tom N. 70° E. (Preston 93:1 77; Crawford 96:97; Lindgren 11: 209.) (Herein.) Drift mine,- 35-ft. shaft in red gravel; breast 60 ft. wide. (Kerr, 1900.) Successor in interest in Camanche area to Oro Water, Light and Power Co., which see. (Logan 36:326; Julihn 38:88- 89; herein.) Drift and hydraulic mine. Drifted prior to 1900; about 1 500 yds. washed in 1900s. Workings consisted of 40-ft. vertical shaft, 100-ft. tunnel. (Kerr, 1900; Tucker 15:114; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Hydraulic mine. Dump trucks and stationary washing plant used by a Mr. Clark prior to 1932,- 4'/2 million yds. gravel washed. Dredged by dragline late 1930s. E. A. Bacon washed 1 0,000 yds. gravel early 1 940s, recovered 286 oz. gold, 14 oz. silver. Gravel mined 1941 by bulldozer, stationary wash- ing plant. (Averill 46:251, Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Hydraulic and drift mine. SE pit hydraulicked prior to 1896. "Moyle" mine drifted 1896- 1900; then NW pit hydrau- licked just above drift workings. Drifting showed ground rich but faulted; workings include 400- ft. inclined (27°) shaft, 100-ft. drift to SW at 375-ft. level. (Lindgren 11:201; Logan 36: 326-27; Tony Sturla, personal communication: 1957.) See Calaveras Hill Cons. Drift mine. Worked in 1890s and 1900s. Workings consisted of two tunnels, 360 and 380 ft. long, drifts, two shafts to bed- rock at 62 and 68 ft., and an 8- stamp mill. (MSP, 9/14/95: 168; 9/28/95:202; Lindgren 11:211; Tucker 15:114.) 190 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or gorup Bark* Barn .... Barnhardt . Big Bend . . . Blue Gravel Boi Bonanza . Boucher and Brackett Boundary Cone . Location SEl/4 sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., immediately west of Union Shaft drift mine SEI/4 sec. 25, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Calaveritas NEl/ 4 sec. 2,T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., 31/2 mi. NW of San An- dreas, between Lat- imer and Chili Gulches NEl/4 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. E of Railroad Flat SWl/4 sec. 18, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill, adjacent to Veith mine NWl/ 4 sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3'/2 m i- S of Mokel- umne Hill Owner (Name, address) Sterling Carter, Murphys . Calaveras Cement Co., 31 5 Montgomery St., San Francisco Not determined. Not determined. Percy S. Peek, et al., Mokelumne Hill Not determined. Geology On Central Hill channel. On Deep Blue Lead. Blue gravel on slate bedrock capped by volcanic tuff. Tertiary stream crossing over flat bedrock here has cut several channels. On Fort Mountain channel. Gravel 60 ft. thick capped by rhyolite tuff, rests on soft mica schist bedrock. Gravel loose, occasionally semi-cemented; contains few boulders. Black sand abundant. Gold very fine, averaged $1 .50 per yd. On Tunnel Ridge channel. On Deep Blue Lead. Chan- nel trends SW. Gravel well-rounded, small (60% minus '/j-in.) semi-cement- ed, contains some blue clay. Bedrock is black schist, quartzite. Paystreak 8 to 15 ft. thick, 100 to 200 ft. wide, averaged $1.00 to $1.50 per yd. Gold 900 fine. Remarks and references Drift mine. See also Union drift mine. See Corral Flat. Hydraulic mine. Active 1897- 1901 when about 17,000 yds. gravel washed by Messrs. Peir- ano and Cadematori. (Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) See Banner Blue Gravel. Drift mine. Active prior to 1900, intermittently in 1930s. Devel- opment consists of 1 1 5-ft. ver- tical shaft, 500 ft. of drifts W and NW, and N-trending cross- cut. Older caved workings in- dueled 75-ft. tunnel and breast 100 ft. wide. (Kerr 00; Logan 36:327,- Julihn 38:66.) Drift mine. Active prior to 1900; Walter Boire washed 1 500 yds. gravel 1900; worked intermit- tently by different individuals until 1938. Workings include 200-ft. inclined shaft, 400-ft. N-trending drift, bedrock tun- nels, extensive breasting. Cox pan and sluices handled 120 tons per day in 1915; a con- crete mixer, screen, sluice with Hungarian riffles, and '/2-ton skip were used in 1936. (Kerr 00; MSP 5/18/12:707,- Tuck- er 15:114; Logan and Franke 36:327-328; Julihn and Hor- ton 38:73; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.,- Ruby Taylor, personal communication: 1957.) See Purinton Mining Co. Drift mine. Active 1868, when 5-stamp mill was erected, tun- nel driven from rim to rim,- 1000 ft. of channel worked by 1873; new tunnel higher up ridge driven 600 ft. to channel in 1873. Active again 1881. Considered part of Green Mountain drift mine (which see) by Tucker, Averill. 50 oz. gold said to have been re- covered during two weeks, 1872. (MSP 5/9/58:304; 1/ 27/72:52; 1/25/73:52; 11/ 8/73:292; Tucker 15:118; Averill 43:315-16.) Drift mine. Active 1927-28, 1932-37. Development con- sists of N-trending, 390-ft. in- clined shaft to bedrock, 1700- ft. timbered haulage-drift up- stream, 650-ft. NE-trending drift. Breasting on both sides of haulage drift. Washing plan consisted of 3- by 11 -ft. scrubber-trommel, 50 ft. of sluices. (Logan 36:328; Julihn 38:63-64.) 1963] Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 191 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referen Bowling Green. Buck Bros. (Chapman, Plug Ugly) Buckminster . Buffalo Bully Boy Bunker Hill Burleson C-1 5 Calaveras Central Calaveras Crystal Calaveras Gold Dredging Co. NE'/ 4 sec. 30 and SE'A sec. 19, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. NNEofVallecito Wi/ 2 sec. 6, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. NW of Sheep- SEi/4 sec. 21, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of San An- dreas, adjacent to Chris Anderson mine Tony and Violet Sturla, Vallecito Not determined. Not determined . On Central Hill channel. Pay streaks contained fine dust, some nuggets, in hard, post-volcanic gravel. Cob- bles common. ' On Fort Mountain channel. Cemented gravel. On Central Hill channel. Channel trends N. 40° W. Downstream from main shaft, channel narrow, has steep grade. Further down- stream, good pay gravel reported where grade flat- tens. Pay gravel 20 to 40 ft. wide, 6 ft. thick, con- tains 50% large boulders, is capped by 1 70 ft. of vol- canic ash. Gold medium- coarse, 885 fine. SE14 sec. 23, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Mokel- umne Hill just S of What Cheer mine MildredS. Barker et al., c/o First Western Bank & Trust Co., Oakdale On Deep Blue Lead. Chan- nel trends S, is 1 20 ft wide,- 6-ft. thickness of gravel averaged $2.20 per yd. 1917, contained black sand with minor osmium, platinum. Soft slate bed- rock,- lava cap 100 ft. thick. SWI/4 sec. 8 and NI/ 2 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just S of Dogtown S'/ 2 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. S of Jenny Lind Narcisco F. and Grace L. Ponte,San Andreas Not determined Portions of sees. 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, and 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., main shaft in NE!/ 4 sec. 28,- 1 mi. N of Angels Camp Calaveras Central Gold Mining Co., Ltd., c/o Harry Sears, Trustee, Angels Camp On Calaveras River near Jenny Lind Not determined. Depth of gravel about 20 ft. Gravel coarse, loose,- over- lain by clay, loam, hydrau- lic tailings; rests on soft clay bedrock. Drift mine. Shaft sunk and some drifting in 1920s. Dragline dredge operated by San An- dreas Gold Dredging Co., which see, 1939-40. Gravel used by County for aggregate in 1940s, 1950s. (Tony Sturla, personal communication, 1957.) Drift mine. Gravel crushed, amal- gamated in 10-stamp mill. (Lindgren, 11:211.) Drift mine. Active mid-1 930s. Development includes 200-ft. inclined (78°) shaft, drifts 700 ft. downstream and 1 20 ft. upstream. Mill consisted of bin, trommel, sluices. (Tucker 15: 115-16,- Julihn 38:71-71.) See Ohio. Drift mine. Worked prior to 1 901 ,- unwatered and 200-ft. shaft, 900 ft. of drifts run 1902; idle 1903-16. Idle since 1918 ex- cept dewatering and develop- ment 1934-35. Workings in- clude 4200 ft. of drifts, cross- cuts. Used 50 tons per day 3-stamp mill 1902. Mill test 1 91 7 used 3-stamp mill, screens, riffles, Neil jig, Deister table. (MSP, 2/23/01:107,- 4/19/ 02:222,- 1 1 /1 0/1 7:700,- Tuck- er 15:115; Logan 36:329,- Julihn 38:66-68.) 25 men worked 70-ft. bank hy- draulic mine prior to 1900, 120-ft. shaft in early 1900s. (Kerr 00; MSP, 7/11/03.27.) Hydraulic mine. Active prior to and during 1872. (MSP 3/23/ 72:180,- Turner 15:120.) See Concentrator. See also Aetna, McElroy, Slab Ranch, and Victor mines. (Min- erals Yearbook 35:171-173,- Logan 36:329-330; Minerals Yearbook 37:284-286,- Julihn 38:42-58,- Minerals Yearbook 40:230-231,- Averill 46:235- 247,- herein.) See Green Mountain. Bucket-line dredge. Intermittently active 1904 to at least 1915. Calaveras Dredge No. 1 carried 78 5-cu.-ft. buckets. Other land owned by this company leased to Atlas Gold Dredging Corp. (which see) in 1935. (Minerals Yearbook 05:174-5,- 07:206,- Aubury 1 0:207-08,- Tucker 1 5: 124-25.) 192 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-15 C-17 C-18 Calaveras Hill Cons. (Baldwin, Calaveritas Hill) Calaveras Holding Trustees, Ltd. Calaveras Hy- draulic Mining and Water Co. Calaveritas Hill. Calmo Camanche Gravel Mining Co. Camanche Placers, Ltd. Canepa Cassinelli Cat Camp Placers Central Hill SE'/ 4 sec. 35, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., '/ 2 mi. S of Calaveritas Harriett B. G. Kramer, c/o S & A X-Ray Laboratory, 1 706 Broadway, Oakland Sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2'/ 2 mi. E of Camanche About 6 l /2 Milton N of NEi/4 sec. 10, T. 4 N. R. 9 E., M.D.M. NEl/4 sec. 12, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NE of Camanche SW/4 sec. 14, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M. , 1 mi. E of Camanche SW/4 sec. 8, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Murphys, up- stream from Uptograph mine Not determined. Not determined . Not determined. William Thomas Jr., Box 108, Mariposa On Central Hill channel. Gravel bank 75 ft. high, 600 ft. long,- estimated re- serves 4 million cu. yds. averaging 30 cents per yd. Tight, fine gravel free of large boulders rests on soft slate bedrock; lenses of tuff cap gravel, are inter- bedded with it. Gravel 10 to 20 ft. deep overlies clayey lava bed- rock; said to test about 25 cents per cu. yd. Auriferous gravel 22 ft. thick Six- to 10-ft. tight pay gravel on Valley Springs rhyolite clays covered by eroded remnants of sand and clay that are stripped prior to dredging. Gold 850 fine, and of fine size. Pay gravel said to average 25 to 50 cents per yd. On Central Hill channel. Channel deep and narrow, with subangular gravel capped by volcanic rock. Hydraulicking at N end of claim in 1894 revealed transverse, rhyolite-filled channel that cut off main channel. Pay gravel 30 to 100 ft. wide, 5 ft. deep. Hydraulic mine. Operated 1901 and again 1906, when 1000 yds. gravel washed; 1 3,000 yds. washed Jan. -Mar. 1910. East Fork Mines, Inc. operated property May 1936-May 1939; 29,100 yds. washed, but damaged water lines prevented full activity. Equipment con- sisted of two giants and 500 ft. of sluice and tailrace. (MSP 4/ 11/03:235; Tucker 15:115; Logan 36:332-333; Julihn 38: 93-94,- Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Hydraulic mine. Active 1933-35. About 8900 yds. gravel hy- draulicked 1934, but late in 1935 moved by power shovel and trucks to Huelsdonk con- centrator and sluices. (Logan 36:331; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Hydraulic mine. Worked in 1 870s and 1880s. 10-ft. blue gravel on bedrock worked by two 6- inch giants; $1200 recovery from 6-day run reported. (MSP 4/27/72:260; 6/29/72:404; Irelan 88:148-49.) See Calaveras Hill Cons. See Slab Ranch. Gravel at junction of Mokelumne River and Camanche Creek worked intermittently by hand, suction, dredge, and shallow shaft, 1 878-99. (MSP 6/1 /78: 340; 8/5/99:151.) Small connected-bucket dredge worked just N of Camanche, Sept. 1935 to May 1938. (Logan 36:333; Minerals Year- book 1936:226; Julihn 38:77- 79; Minerals Yearbook 39: 253.) See Golden Queen. See Rising Star. Operated non-floating washing plant 1 mi. E of Camanche 1941-42. About 172,000 cu. yds. gravel yielded 1,188 oz. gold, 66 oz. silver. (Minerals Yearbook 41:245; 42:284.) Drift and hydraulic mine. First worked in 1850s as hydraulic mine; active intermittently 1 888-97. Drain tunnel 3300 ft. long run from Douglas Flat 1892-94, after which hydrau- licking began again. 14,400 yds. gravel washed by Wm. Thomas and others 1895-1900; $14,600 yield during 1896. (MSP 2/4/88:67; Crawford 1963 ; Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 193 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-18 C-19 Central Hill- Continued Central Hill Chapman Chappellet. . . (El Encino) C-20 C-21 r Chatfield Chili Gulch. Chispa !-22 Chris Anderson (Square Head) SE'Asec. 11,SWl/ 4 sec. 1 2, NW'/ 4 sec. 1 3, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., S of Union Shaft drift mine; E of Latimer Gulch, 2'/2 mi. NW of San An- dreas Lottie Jackson, San An- dreas (C. W. Neilsen, San Andreas: gravel rights in ravine.) On Central Hill channel. Semi- cemented gravel inter- bedded with sand layers,- 50 to 75 ft. wide, 20 ft. thick. Boulders numerous, commonly encrusted with pyrite that cements sand, entraps gold. Gravel rests on slate bedrock, is capped by 1 35 ft. of volcanic ash. Channel tilted by faulting: bedrock slopes S, but down stream is N. Medium-coarse gold rec^.ered chiefly from top 3 ft. of bedrock, lower 3 ft. of gravel. Pay gravel yielded $2 to $3 in gold that was 810-850 fine, con- tained 1 45-1 70 parts silver. Nl/ 2 sec. 35, T. 5 N„ R. 11 E., M.D.M.,4mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Not determined. On Chili Gulch channel. Ce- mented gravel contains rhy- olite fragments, is overlain by rhyolite tuff. El/a sec. 23, T. 5 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M., 2 mi. SW of Mokelumne Hill SEi/ 4 sec. 13,T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1"/ 4 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill, near State Hwy. 49 Sec. 30, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Murphys, on ridge between San Domingo and Indian Creeks SEi/ 4 sec. 21, T. 4N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. SE of San Andreas Union Mines, Inc. R. P. M.Davis, 666 Rudd St., Vista On the Concentrator channel. Large dump contains frag- ments of black slate bed- rock, and pebbles of schist, andesite, and quartz. On Chili Gulch channel. Not determined John R. Rathgeb, Box 44, San Andreas On Central Hill channel. Channel 280 ft. wide, gravel 63 ft. deep,- pay gravel 1 50 ft. wide, 7 ft. deep. Said to have yielded 10,000 oz. gold prior to 1906. 94:91; 96:100; MSP 4/25/ 96:342; 12/5/96:459,- Lind- gren 11:201; Tucker 15:115; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Drift mine. Active middle to late 1930s. Workings include 370- ft., 30°-inclined shaft trending N. 70° E.,- 1 ,000-ft. drift down- stream from incline station en- countered drifts of old Union Shaft mine. Small amount of gravel breasted hand-sorted, washed in 2'/ 2 - by 8-ft. scrubber trommel, 48 ft. of sluices. (Logan 36:335; Julihn 38:60- 61.) See Buck Bros. Drift mine in Chili Gulch. Active prior to 1893; 1,100-ft. bed- rock drainage tunnel driven in 1895, and 10-stamp mill in use. Drag-line scraper used to work old tailings 1924,- tractor- drawn scraper, trommel, and sluices used 1936. Develop- ment includes 5 air shafts, caved drifts. (Crawford 94:91; MSP 10/26/95:270; Craw- ford 96:1 03; Lindgren 1 1 :209 ; Logan 25:161; Logan 36:339.) Drift mine. Active 1 930s. Vertical shaft about 60 ft. deep. Gravel washed in 4'/ 2 - by 1 5-ft. scrub- ber-trommel and short sluice box. Drift mine. Active intermittently 1937-Oct. 1942. North shaft was sunk first, abandoned be- cause of excess water. Shaft 200 ft. S is 140 ft. deep. Drifting to E encountered old workings from N shaft; most drifting was SE of shaft. (Personal communi- cation, Mrs. Mervin Porteous, Mokelumne Hill.) Drift mine. Active prior to 1 91 5. Shaft to bedrock 95 ft. deep,- 2 rimrock tunnels 50 and 100 ft. long. (Tucker 15:116.) Drift mine. Active 1904, when 100-ft. vertical shaft, 450-ft. bedrock tunnel driven to gravel; drifts driven 500 ft. upstream,- sold 1906 for $570 judgment. In 1935-37, old shaft and some workings reconditioned, small amount gold recovered. (MSP 3/5/04:169; 3/10/06:168; Tucker 15:122,- Logan 36:352, Julihn 38:72-73.) 194 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report 2 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-23 C-24 Church Union . (Kraemer) Clark. Cleveland. Clc Leaf. Coffee Mill. ... (Gleason, Golden Gate) Comanche dredges. Comanche Gold Dredging Co. . Concentrator (Burleson) Corral Flat (Barn) Sec. 26, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Not determined. On Kraemer channel. SEi/ 4 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,SEof Railroad Flat Thomas Taylor, Railroad Flat SW'/ 4 sec. 32, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Mountain Ranch, adjacent to Foley claim SEI/ 4 sec. 12,T. 5N..R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,onW slope Stockton Hill NWl/ 4 sec. 35, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Ha G. Zwinge, Box 277, Altaville Not determined. On El Dorado channel. On Chili Gulch Deep Blue Lead. Bedrock at 420-ft. depth; blue cemented gravel mined by 100-ft. breasts. Eunice N. Van Winkle and Edmund J. Stock- er, 2631 Robbindale, Stockton SEi/4 sec. 13, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. , 1 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill, in Chili Gulch SEi/4 sec. 7, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Not determined Not determined. Lower channel 200 ft. wide contains "blue gravel", has 'pay gravel 5'/2 ft. thick; upper (Duryea) channel 90 ft. above lower, is 100 ft. wide, contains 1 2 to 1 5 ft. of pay gravel capped by rhyolite and andesite tuffs. On Corral Flat channel. Chan- nel trends SW, contains gravel 40 ft. wide, 12 ft. deep. Some gravel ce- mented; contains many boulders; said to average $1.50 per yd.,- coarse, Drift mine. First active as Kraemer 1 876; 1 ,400-ft. tunnel driven in 1884. Some activity 1899. In 1946, 20 acres virgin ground said to contain 1 oz. per yd. for 6-ft. cut on bedrock. (MSP 12/ 6/84: 360; 12/23/99: 723; Averill 46:252.) Hydraulic mine. Active prior to 1869. Bedrock sluice tunnel driven 800 ft., 1 872; 7 monitors operating, 1873; closed down, 1875; active again, 1881. Por- tion patented 1893 as (Edwin) Taylor placer mine; 32,350 yds. gravel washed under Debris Commission license issued Jan. 1 899. Inactive since. Pit several hundred feet wide, 6 to 1 2 ft. deep to bedrock. (MSP 9/4/ 69:150,- 7/27/72:52,- 12/6/ 73:356,- 4/30/81:276,- Rec- ords, Calif. Debris Comm.) Drift mine. Operated by Philip Foley prior to 1900. (Kerr 00.) Drift mine. By 1900 workings, including 15 shafts, totaled 4,700 ft. Worked through 1,800-ft. tunnel in 1915. (Kerr 00; Tucker 15:116.) (MSP 2/1 /68:70; 2/1 5/68:1 02; 12/26/68:406; 9/4/69:150; 10/30/69:278; 6/29/82:412; 10/22/92:277,- 12/9/94:362; many others; Crawford 96:101; Tucker 15:116; herein.) See Gold Hill Dredging Co. Began dredging Sept. 1935 near bridge 72 mi. NW of Camanche, moved downstream,- connected- bucket dredge handled 500,000 yds. gravel 1935, was active until 1939, when company was consolidated with Gold Hill Dredging Company, which see. (Logan 36:226; 39:232; H. S. Gilbert, personal communica- tion, 1953.) Drift mine. In 1887, old tunnel reopened for 1000 ft., 10- stamp mill built, and new tunnel advanced 500 ft. in upper chan- nel. (MSP 3/1 9/87:1 92; Lind- gren 11:208.) Drift mine. Active 1870-71, 1880-82, mid-1910s, 1936. Old workings include 2000-ft. tunnel driven in rhyolite from NW slope Stockton Ridge, several winzes sunk 60 ft. to bedrock; 1936 workings in- 1963 Calaveras County 195 > PLACER GOLD-Continued r— Map Name of claim, Owner No. mine, or group Location (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-24 Corral Flat (Barn) 925-fine gold in bottom 3 elude 160-ft. vertical shaft, 40- — Continued ft. and on bedrock. ft. crosscut, 100-ft. drift. Wash- ing plant consisted of trommel and sluices. (MSP 11/29/70: 364; 6/7/13:873; Tucker 15: 116; Logan 36:327; Julihn 38:71.) C-25 Cuneo Bartholo- Wl/ 4 sec. 10, T. 4 N., George and Frieda On El Dorado channel. Hydraulic pits. Active prior to mew R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 Kenefick, Route 1, Steep-sided channel, with 1911,- dragline dredge active mi. SE of Mountain Box 287, Gait maximum 25 ft. auriferous 1930s. Floating washing plant Ranch gravel capped by 10 ft. of clay, rhyolite ash, gravel, and soil. Gravel chiefly subangular schist, with some quartzite and minor quartz. SW pit, now water- filled, once showed bed- rock cut by another chan- nel, 15 ft. deep and 200 ft. wide, containing 5 ft. subangular quartzite gravel. of 1930s used 4- by 1 2-ft. trommel, 40-ft. stacker, about 60 ft. of sluices. (Lindgren 11: 211; Tucker 15:118; David Zwinge, personal communica- tion, 1957.) Davis Ranch Sec. 3, T. 5 N., R. 13 Not determined On Fort Mountain channel. Drift mine. 70-ft. vertical shaft E., M.D.M., 2 mi. S 60 ft. rhyolite, 10 ft. loose sunk 1936. (Logan 36:337.) of Railroad Flat slate and blue gravel. Deep Lead NEi/4 sec. 13, T. 5 N., R. B. Westwood, Na- On Deep Blue Lead. Chan- Drift mine. Active 1880s. Old R. 11 E..M.D.M, 1/2 toma nel trends S, is 40-60 ft. workings include 380-ft. in- mi. S of Mokelumne wide,- cemented gravel clined tunnel, 2600 ft. of drifts Hill averaged $1 .00 per car- load. along channel, and 800 ft. of crosscuts. (Kerr 00; Irelan 87: 29; Averill 46:252.) C-26 Duck Bar El/2 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 14 E.,M.D.M., 3 mi. M. H. and Laura Man- Placer mine. Bar gravel worked uel, Murphys 1 91 4 by turning course of river,- E of Vallecito, on use of suction dredge planned Stanislaus River 1936. Most gold in pot holes in limestone bedrock. (Tucker 15:116; Logan 36:338.) C-27 Duryea (Shaw). . . NEl/4 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. (MSP 2/10/66:86; 9/21/72: 176; 1/25/73:52; 7/8/76: 29; 8/25/88:128; Irelan 88: 148; MSP 4/29/11:606; Lindgren 11:210; Tucker 15: 1 17; herein.) C-28 E & B NWi/ 4 sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 1 Not determined Gravel said to be delta de- Placer mine. Gravel tested for gold recovery by jigging and posit of Tertiary Calaveras mi. SW of Campo River. Five to 20 ft. kao- flotation 1936-37. Gravel Seco Jinized gravel on decom- posed slate bedrock, is capped by 2 to 5 ft. ce- mented angular quartz con- glomerate and thin layer of quartz gravel. Flour gold, 875 fine, in gravel, con- glomerate, and on bed- rock. Auriferous pyrite in conglomerate. treated by jaw crusher, ball mill, jig, table, classifier, and flota- tion cells. (Julihn 38:90-92.) Eastland-Gray Sec. 31, T. 5 N., R. 12 Not determined Hydraulic mine. Worked 1905- Development E., M.D.M.., 3 mi. N 12, during which time $80,000 Co. of San Andreas, on North Fork Calaveras River is said to have been recovered. Prospected 1914. Sluiced gravel moved by hoist from limestone crevices to revolving screen. (Tucker 15:117.) C-29 Eclipse SEl/4 sec. 24 and NE'A sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. John J. Fillerup, San Andreas On Tunnel Ridge channel. Channel trends SW, has Drift mine. Active intermittently 1895-1914, 1934-37, 1950, 11 E., M.D.M. , 21/4 200-ft. mineable width, 1957-58; 1000 yds. gravel mi. S of Mokelumne contains uncemented quartz from pockets of unworked Hill, in Old Woman gravel with boulders and gravel in old workings and some Gulch much clay,- overlain by ce- mented conglomerate and virgin ground said to have yielded $6000, 1937. Pros- 196 California Division of M inf.s and Geology [County Report 2 PLACER GOLD-Continued Map Name of claim, Owner No. mine, or gorup Location (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-29 Eclipse — Continued basalt flow. Gold coarse, flat, rusty, 920 to 940 fine,- concentrated mainly on soft slate bedrock, but also pecting and development 1957-58. Workings of 1930s include adit trending 250 ft. W and 150 ft. SW, crosscuts in conglomerate. Virgin 125 ft. N, 25 ft. S. Old work- ground said to average $3 ings encountered at S end of to $6 per yd. property. Gravel treated by scrubber-trommel, 36 ft. of sluices. (Crawford 96:1 09,- Tuck- er 15:117; Logan 36:338- 39; Julihn 38:69-70; John Fillerup, personal communica- tion, 1957.) C-30 Eho NEi/4 sec. 14, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M 3 mi. E of Douslas Flat Not determined Gravels chiefly metamorphic rock; thought to represent Hydraulic pits, active 1870s, 1890s, early 1900s. West pit j main channel Tertiary Cala- 40 ft. deep, 75 ft. across,- east veras River, or less produc- pit 75 ft. deep, 150 ft. across. tive Cataract channel. (MSP 1/31/91:68,- Lindgren 11:200-01; Tony Sturla, per- sonal communication, 1957.) See Chappellet. See Lombardi. Hydraulic mine. Hydraulicked C-31 Emerson SEi/4 sec. 7, T. 5 N., R. J. C. Harle, 987 Fifth On Deep Blue Lead 12 E.,M.D.M.,1 mi. Ave., New York 21, prior to 1874. Two nozzles SE of Mokelumne Hill n. y. washed gravel through 600-ft. bedrock tunnel, %-mi. flume; $6,000 recovered 1876. In- active 1896-1916. Prospected 1917. About 400 yds. gravel washed Oct.-Nov. 1927. (MSP 8/22/74:116,- 6/3/76:357; 11/11/76:317; 6/2/17:781; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) See Rose Hill. C-32 Empire NEi/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., and SEl/4 J. C. Harle, 987 Fifth On Deep Blue Lead Drift mine. Active around 1952. Ave., New York 21, Little gravel produced. Timbered sec. 19, T. 5N.,R.12 n. y. E-trending adit 300 ft. long. E., M.D.M. , in Old (John Fillerup, personal com- Woman Gulch 2l/ 2 munication 1957.) mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Fairview SEI/ 4 sec. 32, T. 3 N., R. Clarence H. and Lillian On Cataract channel Drift mine. Active prior to 1 91 5. f Workings include shaft 100 ft. v 14 E., M.D.M., 11/2 L. Pate mi. SE of Vallecito, deep, 300-ft. tunnel, (Tucker adjacent to Balaklava 15:118.) mine Fine Gold Sec. 32, T. 3N.,R14E., M.D.M., 1'/ 2 mi. SE of Vallecito Not determined On Cataract channel. Gravels 2 and 30 ft. thick. Hydraulic mine. Hydraulicked at two banks 40 and 120 ft. high. About 96,000 yds. washed 1895-1901. Probably same as Balaklava pits, which see. (Kerr 00; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) C-33 Flume House . . . Center sec. 23, T. 5 N., R. 1 11 E., M.D.M., Not determined On Concentrator channel. Channel 60 ft. wide, trends Drift mine. Active 1920s, worked unsuccessfully 1931, explored 1 1/ 2 mi. SW of Mo- SE, contains 20 ft. of vol- and developed 1934-36. Work- kelumne Hill canic gravel, ash, and cob- bles overlain by 300 ft. of gravel, ash, and rhyolite. Pay gravel loose, contains few rounded cobbles,- black slate bedrock very irregular. Coarse, smooth gold 850 fine, is in and close to bed- rock, averaged $2 to $3 per yd. ings include 330-ft. vertical shaft, drifts downstream for 400 ft. Gravel washed in 16-ft. scrubber-trommel, 70 ft. of sluices. (Logan 36:339,- Julihn 38:68-69.) I Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 197 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Foley Folsom dredge Fourth of July . Forty Nine. Garibaldi dredge Gleason Glenn Glo-Bar. Gold Chief. Golden Gate. Golden Queen. (Canepa) Golds Golden Treasure Gold Gravel Products Inc. Wi/ 2 sec.32 / T. 5N.,R. R. 13 E., M.D.M. E'/ 2 sec. 30, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2'/ 2 mi. SW of Jenny Lind SE'Asec. 34, T. 5N,R. 10 E., M.D.M 1 mi. SW of Campo Seco Sees. 16 and 17, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., at Douglas Flat, on Coy- ote Creek Virginia and Donald C. Butterfield, Mountain Ranch A. R. Folsom (1938). . Not determined Not determined . Gravel well-rounded, 5 to 20 ft. thick, overlies light-gray tuff, contained 25 cents per yd. fine, flakey gold. Up to 7 ft. uncemented, clay- bearing gravel overlain by 60 to 80 ft. ash and gravel; false bedrock highly kao- linized. Gravel said to aver- age $6 per yd. in coarse, 940-fine gold near and in bedrock,- some platinum. On Central Hill channel. . . . NEi/4 sec. 31, T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of Mountain Ranch Near Campo Seco. Not determined . Gravel in several gulches,- largest body 50 ft. wide, 6 ft. deep. Not determined. E'/o sec. 18, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 21/s mi. NE of Railroad Flat Albert P. Meyers, 220 Newland St., Los An- geles 42 On Fort Mountain channel. About 20 ft. of loose gravel, containing some boulders, rests on decom- posed slate. Center sec. 26, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Vallecito, near Six Mile Creek Not determined . On Central Hill channel. Drifts were thought to bridge 250-ft.-wide de- pression in slate bedrock,- 2 prospect winzes show maximum depth of 30 ft. Gravel carries minor amount of gold, is not main channel. Geophysical pros- pecting said to have indi- cated lower channel to the N. SW/4 sec. 19, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. S>/2sec. 7,T. 3N.,R.13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Altaville Sees. 13 and 15, T. 4 N., R.9E.,M.D.M.,Eof Wallace T. E. and E. K. Stearman, Vallecito Not determined On Central Hill channel. Not determined. Eight ft. of auriferous lone shoreline gravel, sand, and clay rest on soft andesite tuff,- gravel tightly packed,- no boulders. See Cleveland mine. Small connected-bucket dredge operated 1936-37. Gravel loosened by 1 -yd. power shovel moved by 27 buckets with 1 '/j- cu.-ft. capacity, washed by 18- ft. trommel and 192 sq. ft. of riffles. (Julihn 38:81-82.) Drift mine. Active 1935-37. Work- ings include vertical shafts 60 to 90 ft. deep, 650 ft. of drifts. Gravel trucked 4 miles to Mo- kelumne River for washing in 20-ft. scrubber-trommel and 50 ft. of sluices. (Logan 36:340,- Julihn 38:74-75.) Drift mine. Active 1 903-04,- 1 85- ft. shaft to bedrock 2,000 ft. of drifts N and S. (MSP 1 /24/03: 59; Tucker 15:118.) See Mountain Gold Dredging Co. See Coffee Mill. Hydraulic mine. Active 1922-25, when estimated 6,700 yds. gravel washed. (Hamilton 22: 29,- Logan 23:18; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Drift mine. Active 1940-41. About 4,500 yds. gravel yield- ed 321 oz. gold, 44 oz. silver, in 1941. (Minerals Yearbook 40:242; 41:235.) Drift mine. Active 1931-35. Gravel said to average $1.30 per ton. Worked by 525-ft., NW-trending, inclined tunnel and about 400 ft. of crosscuts and drifts. (Logan 36:340-341 .) See Coffee Mill. Drift mine. Active Apr. -Nov. 1935, May 1936-early 1937; 116-ft. vertical shaft sunk,- 45- ft. drift S struck 2-ft. pay gravel; 220-ft. drift N. Last activity was drifting S to connect with old 80-ft. incline. (Angels Camp Californian 3/15/34,- Stockton Independent 4/9/35; Logan 36:343; Julihn 38:59.) (Averill 46:252,- Logan 36:343- 44; Julihn 38:58-59,- herein.) Drift mine, just NW of Jack Rabbit, which see. Some drifting 1923. (Logan 24:7.) Power shovel and stationary wash- ing plant just E of Wallace 1934-35,- plant handled 459,- 841 yds. gravel near Wallace 1934. Dragline and floating washing plant used S of Caman- 198 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [ County Report .2$ Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-40 C-41 C-42 C-43 D-73 C-44 C-45 Gold Gravel Products, Inc. — Continued Gold Hill. Gold Hill Dredg- ing Company Gold Ribbon. Gopher. Green Mountain (Calaveras Cry- stal, McSorley Crystal) Gunterand Hart- lief Hard Rock. SEI/4 sec. 6 and NE"/ 4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 11/2 mi. NE of Camanche NWl/4 sec. 36, T. 5 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M., 31/2 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill, in Chili Gulch Portions of sec. 8, T. 5 N.,R.12E M.D.M., 2 mi. E of Mokelumne Hill El/2 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. NW'A sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 13 E, M.D.M., in Old Gulch, 3 mi. NE of Calaveritas SEl/ 4 sec. 26, T. 5 N. 11 E., M.D.M., Chili Gulch, 31/2 R George Knudsen, lessee, Box 1 56, Camanche J. J. Coney, Pres., 311 California St., San Fran cisco 4 Not determined. Ernest C. VandelL et al., c/o Alice J. Fischer, Mokelumne Hill R. P. M.Davis, 666 Rudd Rd., Vista John P. Freccero, Andreas Mr. Courtley . San Gravel 1 6 to 50 ft. thick, capped by 10 ft. soil and silt; gravel medium-sized, loose with little clay,- gold coarser to the east; "Upper Camanche" gold more than 850 fine,- no platinum re- covered. Exposed cemented gravel 35 ft. deep, on slate bedrock,- best values within top 6 ft.,- tests show $0.50 to $1.00 per yd. On Gopher Channel. Two pits expose 3 gravels,- pre- rhyolite member 15 ft. thick, consists of coarse, siliceous, cemented gravel with slate fragments,- over- lain by middle member,- lenses of rhyolite tuff and detritus; upper member subangular, poorly sorted, post-rhyolitic gravel. Chan- nel generally narrow, with steep rims. On Fort Mountain channel. Pay gravel 5 to 7 ft. thick at 25-ft. depth. On Deep Blue Lead or Con- centrator channel. Gravel uncemented, contains many che for 5 weeks, late 1935. I Dragline and stationary plant used early 1936. Floating plant capacity 3,000 yds. per day,- < used 26-ft. scrubber-trommel, double set of sluices. Stationary plant capacity 7,000 yds. per ■ week; 30-ft. scrubber-trommel, 300-ft. sluice box. (Minerals Yearbook 35:171,- Logan 36f 341-42; Julihn 38:89.) Surface placer being prospected in mid-1958. Gold distribution is erratic. Portable washing plant consists of small trommel, sluice and Knudsen bowl. Consolidated with Comanche Gold Dredging Co. 1939; operated 2 dredges on Mokelumne River. "Upper Camanche" dredge operated until Jan. 1949; area dredged was between Camanche and county line. Dredge han- dled about 1 50,000 yds. per ' month; was equipped with jigs and riffles. (H. S. Gilbert, per- sonal communications 1953; Clark 55:37-39.) Hydraulic mine. Hydraulicked 1880s and unsuccessfully in 1935. Equipment included 2- in. nozzle, 1 00-ft. sluice box. (Logan 36:342-43.) Hydraulic pits. Active 1860s. (MSP 6/20/68:400,- Lindgren 11:206.) [ (MSP 7/24/80:52; 12/6/84: 360,- 12/5/85:376,- Irelan 88: 148,- MSP 1/2/89:22; Craw- ford 96:107; MSP 2/12/98: 182,- 2/17/00:2; Storms 00: 124,- Kunz 05:65-66,- Mineral Resources of U.S.08:Pt. 1,332; Lindgren 11:209; Tucker 15: 118,- Logan 36:161, 170-71; Mineral Resources of U. S. 27: Pt. I, 274; Logan 36:344,- Julihn 38:70; Averill 43:139; 43a:315-16,- Durrell 44:423- 433; Minerals Yearbook 45: 280,- Records, Calif. Debris Comm.,- herein.) Drift mine. Active 1850s, when several shafts sunk 40 to 100 ft. Active again 1899. (MSP 8/ 12/99:177.) Drift mine. Reconditioning old 40- ft. vertical shaft began June 1957,- drifting began Oct., 90- 1963] Calaveras County 199 PLACER GOLD-Continued Name of claim, mine, or group Hard Rock- Continued Hartman . Hedrick . Hextcr. Hughes & Sons Deep Gravel Humboldt. Independence Independence. Indian Gulch (Indian Ravine) Indian Ravine. Infernal I. XL Jack Rabbit. Location SSW of Mokelumne Hill NEl/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., in Old Woman Gulch 2'/2 mi. S of Mokel- umne Hill NEl/4 sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of San Andreas NWl/4 sec. 1 3, T. 5 N. R. 11 E., M.D.M. NWl/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. , 2'/2 mi. S of Mokel- umne Hill, in Chili Gulch NEl/4 sec. 9, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. S of Mountain Ranch NWl/4 sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., just W of Independ- ence on Independ- ence road SE'/ 4 sec. 22, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., on Independence Creek, 1 mi. NW of Railroad Flat NWl/ 4 sec. 35, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 '/2 mi. S of Mokel- umne Hill, in Old Woman Gulch SE'/ 4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. N of Altaville Owner (Name, address) Mrs. Alma M. Cohn, 1005 N. Hunter St., Stockton F. V. Hedrick, et al., 1 305 Corduleras Ave., San Carlos JohnB. Fershtand, 1501 Summit, Fort Worth 3, Texas Mildred S. Barker, c/o First Western Bank & Trust Co., Oakdale Clyde C. and Glenys Sherwood, P.O. Box 3, Mountain Ranch Not determined. Not determined. Eunice N. Van Winkle, Port Chicago Purinton Mining 1538 Hudson Redwood City Co., St., Geology 6-inch cobbles. Gold 80 percent flour,- small nuggets of melon-seed size are clean, flat, and well-worn. On Tunnel Ridge channel. Channel 50 ft. wide con- tains 4 to 6 ft. of pay gravel on slate bedrock. On Central Hill channel. Channel shallow, 400 ft. wide,- center portion 8 ft. deeper, 100 ft. wide. Pre- rhyolite gravel cut by chan- nel containing rhyolite tuff and gravel. Both channels have pay gravel, are capped by fine oxidized gravel. On Deep Blue Lead. On El Dorado channel. Grav- el consists of subrounded schist, quartzite, and minor quartz on black schist bed- rock. Gravel is subangular schist and quartzite in red soil. On Kraemer channel. Blue pay gravel 6 ft. thick, 60 ft. wide. On Central Hill channel. Gravel capped by ande- sitic tuff and pebbles, and some rhyolite. Remarks and references ft. drift to NE by Dec. 1957. Old shaft 300 ft. to SE worked late 1940s. Gravel washed in small trommel, Knudsen bowl, sluices. Drift mine. Active prior to 1900; 2 shafts, each 50 ft. deep. (Crawford 96:103; Tucker 15: 118.) Drift and hydraulic mine. By 1872 estimated 2,963 yds. gravel had yielded $1450. About 3200 yds. gravel washed 1900s. Active 1910s. Devel- oped by hydraulic pits, 5 shafts 50 to 120 ft. deep, and 3 tun- nels 400 ft. long. (Hammond 90:136; Lindgren 11:203-04,- Tucker 15:118; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) (MSP 8/22/96:168; 12/23/ 99:723; Lindgren 11:208; MSP 5/18/12:707; Tucker 15:118-119,- MSP 12/29/17: 943,- Logan 36:345; Julihn 38:71; herein.) Drift mine. Active 1870s,- 370-ft. inclined shaft, 450-ft. drift, 10- stamp mill. (MSP 1/25/73: 52; 1/27/77:53.) Hydraulic mine. Shallow pit 10 ft. deep, 200- by 300-ft. area. A few acres of surface gravel have been scraped to 3-ft. depth. Washed by 2l/ 2 - by 25-ft. trommel, short sluices. Hydraulic mine. Active 1908- 10, when 9,365 yds. gravel washed. (Records, Calif. Debris Commission.) Drift mine. Active 1864-71. Pay gravel stuck by 1100-ft. tunnel, 75-ft. incline 1868. Active drifting and breasting 1868-71. Tailings reworked late 1871. Clean-up yielded 50 oz. gold Sept. 1 870, 300 oz. Dec. 1 871 . Workings included 3000-ft. tunnel, crosscuts, breasts. (MSP 3/10/66:146,- 2/15/68:102,- 9/24/70:220; 3/18/71:163; 12/23/71:388.) See Indian Gulch. See Eclipse. See Balaklava. Drift mine; 1 700-ft. tunnel driven by 1899,- new 950-ft. tunnel driven by mid-1903. Active 1923,- 3-stamp mill erected 200 California Division of Minfs and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report Map No Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-54 Jack Rabbit- Continued C-55 C-56 C-57 C-58 J. D. M. Johnny Jumper . Johnson Johnson . Jupiter (San Domingo) K&S. Kentucky . Kinney . Kraemer La Belle France. Lampson Sec. 12, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., and sees. 7 and 1 8, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NEof Valley Springs NWl/ 4 sec. 25, T. 6 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., ll/ 4 mi. NE of Rail- road Flat SWI/4 sec. 22 and NWl/ 2 sec. 27, T. 3 N.,R.13E.,M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Angels Camp W'/ 2 sec. 27 and E '/ 2 sec. 28, T. 4N.,R. 12 E.,M.D.M.,2 mi. SE of San Andreas, just NW of Hedrick drift SEI/4 sec. 7 and NW>/ 4 sec. 17.T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. Sec. 36, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. , just E of Calaveritas SEi/ 4 sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Vallecito Si/ 2 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,i/ 2 mi. NE of Angels Camp Not determined. Not determined. NW'/ 4 sec. 2 and NE'/ 4 sec. 3,T. 5 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 11/2 mi. S of Railroad Flat, near head of Jack Nelson Creek Romie Rolleri, Angels Camp John R. Rathgeb, Gladys I. Airola Walter V. and Norma M Valente, Angels Camp K & S Co. (James Knoll and Clarence Schip- per), Box 378, Angels Camp Thomas B. Bishop Co., Whittle Bldg., 166 Geary St., San Fran- cisco Romie Rolleri, Angels Camp Lee and Haiel L. Burch, 5730 Van Fleet Ave., Richmond Pre-rhyolite gravel consists of metamorphic rocks, some quartz and serpen- tine. On Fort Mountain channel. . On Central Hill channel. On Central Hill channel. Channel trends NW, is 100 ft. wide. Schist bedrock overlain by about 8 ft. of gravel, 20 ft. of rhyolite, 40 ft. of sand and gravel. Six ft. of Recent gravel over- lain by 2 ft. of soil rest on schist bedrock. Gravel averages 25 cents per yard. On Central Hill channel. Slate and schist rims 200 ft. apart, but position of channel(s) on property not known. On Central Hill channel On branch of Fort Mountain channel. Channel trends E, is 40 to 100 ft. wide, 80 to 1 00 ft. deep. Average 9 ft. blue gravel covered by sand, gravel, rhyolite. Yield but no production. Drifting in. 1923 extended 70 ft. down- stream into Golden Treasure property. Old workings include shaft 191 ft. deep, about 1700 ft. of drifts. Gravel breasted across width of 35 ft. height of 7 ft.; said to have contained $2 to $10 per yd. See Purinton Mining Co. (Kerr 00; MSP 5/ 9/03:306; Lindgren 11:202- 203; Logan 24:7.) Drift mine. Active 1936. 300-ft. vertical shaft through volcanic rock struck rim of gravel chan- nel, was abandoned. Drift mine. 100-ft. shaft, 600-ft. bedrock tunnel driven prior to 1914. (Tucker 15:119.) Drift mine. Located prior to 1 900. ' (Kerr 00.) Hydraulic mine. Active prior to ! 1904. (MSP 11/14/03:325,- | Lindgren 11:203.) (MSP 12/4/80:360,- 3/25/82: 188; Crawford 96:109; Storms 00:125; MSP 7/11/03:27; Lindgren 11:203; Logan 36: 350; Julihn 38:60; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.,- herein.) Dragline dredge on Calaveritas Creek. Active Nov. 1953-55. Floating washing plant consists of trommel and sluices,- had capacity of 100 yds. per hour. 1 (James Knoll, 1954, personal communication.) Drift mine. Active prior to 1 899. Adits 500 and 1,400 ft. long driven, but were above bedrock. Golden River Mining Co. did geophysical work and drilling before World War II; were pre- paring to sink shaft when closed Oct. 1942. (Kerr 00; Julihn 38:59-60; Averill 46:252.) Drift mine. Active prior to 1899. (Kerr 00.) See Church Union. See Paul Cons. Drift mine. First active 1884. Two shafts, 200 ft. of tunnels and drifts driven by 1889. Third shaft sunk 1 890. Two-stamp mill 1 899, 5-stamp mill 1 902. Some small-scale work after 1920. 1963 Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 201 Map Name of claim, Owner No. mine, or group Location (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references C-58 Lampson — estimated variously at $6 (MSP 7/13/89:24,- 3/7/91: Continued to $10 per yd. Lindgren reports test results of 50 cents per yd. 146; 8/15/91:93; Kerr 00; Lindgren 11:211 ,• Ruby Taylor, personal communication, 1957.) Lancha Plana Lancha Plana Gold Property on flood plain Mokelumne River; 1 5 to Connected-bucket dredge oper- ated 2 mi. W of Camanche, on Dredge No. 2 Dredging Co., La Lo- mita Rancho, Locke- 20 ft. fine auriferous gravel S bank Mokelumne River. ford and sand rest on clay bed- rock, overlain by 2 to 6 ft. of loam. Fine, flake gold said to average 1 cents per yd. Dredge purchased at Yreka from El Oro Co. 1926, operated at Lancha Plana for 6 years, and W of Camanche May 1936 to Feb. 1940. Dredge had 26-ft. digging depth, 32-ft. trommel, and 60 ft. of sluices. (Logan 36: 345-46; Minerals Yearbook 1937-1940,- Julihn 38:76-77; Averill 46:263.) C-59 Last Chance SW'Asec. 2,T. 4N.,R. John J. and Marian L. On Deep Blue Lead. 200 ft. Drift mine. Two shafts, 1 75 and 50 11 E., M.D.M., 3l/ 2 Snyder of gravel capped by soil in ft. deep, sunk by 1 892. Gravel mi. NW of San An- channel trending N. 40° W. treated in 3-stamp mill in 1900. dreas (MSP 5/28/92:390; Preston 93:177; Kerr 00.) Gravel 4 to 1 8 ft. thick, un- Dragline and floating washing plant moved from South Gulch cemented, without boul- ders, on volcanic tuff bed- to ridge 1 mi. S of Camanche rock. Fine flake gold 1937. Dragline with 2-yd. dip- thought to average 1 6 cents per moved gravel to 32-ft. per yd. Bar gold sold to scrubber-trommel and 1 1 sluices mine was 885 fine. with area of 1 ,500 sq. ft. (Julihn 38:87-88.) C-60 Lloyd SEI/4 sec. 2 and NE'/ 4 sec. 11.T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. (MSP 6/28/73:402; 7/11/03: 27; Tucker 15:119; Minerals (Watson Bros.) Yearbook 35:173; Logan 36: 346-47; Julihn 38:61-63,- herein.) C-61 Lombardi SWl/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., Not determined On Deep Blue Lead. Channel Drift mine. Active as Ellen Vannan (Ellen Vannan) R. 11 E., M.D.M. , 3 trends SW, contains 7 ft. 1899-1900, when 400-ft. tun- mi. S of Mokelumne firmly placed gravel with nel driven and 8-stamp mill in- Hill, just E of High- large boulders, capped by stalled; prospected during 1936 way 49 20 ft. rhyolite tuff. when workings consisted of 27- ft. vertical shaft, 40-ft. E-trend- ing crosscut. Gravel treated by 9-ft. trommel, 24 ft. of sluices. (MSP 2/17/00:181; Storms 00:124; Logan 36:347; Julihn 38:66.) See Purinton Mining Co. Manitou Sec. 19, T. 3 N., R. 14 Not determined On Central Hill channel. Drift mine. Workings include 1 67- E., M.D.M., 1 mi.NE Channel contains well- ft. shaft inclined at 75°, and of Vallecito rounded, clean, bedded gravel; no rhyolitic or andesitic pebbles,- 500 ft. N of Manitou sfwft, chan- nel 30 to 40 ft. wide, con- taining quartz sand and gravel, has been explored. Both channels capped by rhyolite. several shafts 40 to 70 ft. deep on northern channel. (Lindgren 11:202; Tucker 15:119.) Marshall T. 4 N., R. 12 E., Not determined On Central Hill channel. Drift mine. Workings include 5 M.D.M., l/ 2 mi. SE Slate bedrock capped by shafts 90 to 127 ft. deep, 800- of San Andreas 6 ft. pay gravel, 45 to 50 ft. rhyolite and gravel. At S end of property, narrow channel containing barren, unwashed cobbles cuts 36 ft. below main channel. ft. drift, 2 long crosscut tunnels. (Lindgren 11:204.) McCann SW"/ 4 sec. 18, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., Not determined On Tunnel Ridge channel.. . . Drift mine. Active early 1880s, 1916, 1922. Workings include 202 California Division of Mines and Geology [County Report 1 PLACER GOLD-Continued Map Name of claim, Owner No. mine, or gorup Location (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references ' C-61 McCann — 1 '/2 mi. S of Mokel- 1200-ft. E-trending, incline/ Continued umne Hill tunnel. (MSP 6/25/81:424 Tucker 15:119; MSP 4/1 /1c; 488,- Logan 23:18.) McElroy NWI/4 sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1 On intervolcanic channel Drift mine, 1 200 ft. SW of Reine 1 over Central Hill channel. shaft. 200 ft. shaft sunk abou mi. N of Angels Camp Shaft penetrates two inter- volcanic channels and lay- ers of rhyolitic ash, on western rim of channel basin. 1860-70; $100,000 taken ol before flooding halted opera tions prior to 1900. No late recorded activity until 1931 when Calaveras Central Gol Mining Co., Ltd. acquired th> property. See Calaveras Centre Gold Mining Co., Ltd. (MS 11/15/79:99; Kerr 00; Julih 38:42-45.) McSorley Crystal Mead See Green Mountain. Sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., about Not determined On Deep Blue Lead Drift mine. 50-ft. shaft and 8 stamp mill in 1 91 4. (Tucker 1 5 2 l /2 mi. S of Mokel- 119.) umne Hill Mehrten Bros. . . . Not determined Operated non-floating washin plant along Mokelumne Rive in Camanche district, 1939-41 gravel carried to sluices b r tractor-drawn carry-all. In 6'/ months during 1941, 16,20 yds. gravel yielded 146 03 gold, 15 oz. silver. (Mineral Yearbook 40:230; 41:245.) C-62 Melones Dredg- SWl/4 sec. 24, T. 2 N., Rt. 1,Box509B,Sonora, Gravel consists of igneous in- Suction dredge. Floating dredge ing Co. R. 13 E M.D.M., 200 yds. E of bridge Bart Pann, Mgr. trusive rock, chert, meta- under construction early 1958 morphic rock, quartz, and will have centrifugal pump wit at Melones some limestone. 10-in. pipe and 1%-in. scree on nozzle. Nozzle will hav 1 revolving mechanism to stir u water,- pipe feeds hopper an screen; oversize gravel will b stockpiled for road fill and a? gregate, undersize will go t riffles. Value of river sands an gravels unknown. C-63 Merrimac NWl/ 4 sec. 11, T. 4N., Margaret Irwin, 1920 On Deep Blue Lead and Drift mine. Active 1 866-6Z 1899-1901. In 1866, said ii R. 11 E., M.D.M., Mills Tower, 220 Bush Kraemer channel. 3I/2 mi. NW or San St., San Francisco have yielded 108 oz. gold i Andreas 6 days. Shaft 75 ft. deep, brea 100 ft. wide. (MSP 12/15 66:374; Kerr 00; MSP 4/27 01:204.) Midas Placer Co. . Not determined Operated non-floating washi^ plant on channel at Penn min property in Camanche distric Apr. 1940 to Apr. 194' 50,000 yds. gravel yielde 659 oz. silver in 1940. (Mir erals Yearbook 40:242; 4' 245.) Milton Gold Dredging Not determined Volcanic-tuff bedrock capped by 4 to 1 ft. medium- Dragline and floating-washin plant in South Gulch. Activ Enterprise sized, tight gravel. Two million yds. mineable gravel with 1 5 cents per yd. of gold said to be available in 1938. All gold is fine. Sept. 1935 through 1941 Some 1 V4 million yds. grav moved in 2 years after Sep 1935 at total cost of 12 cen per yd. Ground prospected b 7 bedrock shafts per aci before working. Dragline wil 1 y<2 yd. bucket moved grav to plant with 4!/ 2 - by 29-I scrubber-trommel and sluici 1963 Calaveras County 203 PLACER GOLD-Continued Name of claim, mine, or group Milton Gold Dredging Enterprise — Continued Missouri & Dolly Varden Mc >h i. Mc Mountain Gold Dredging Co. Neilsen. . . North Hill North Star North Star. O'Connell Blue Gravel Ohio (Buckmin- ster, Upto- graph) Location SEI/4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., near Coyote Creek S of Douglas Flat Sec. 1?, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Sheepranch Sl/2 sec. 8, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., on tributary of Young's Creek, just W of Double Springs Ranch NWl/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. SEI/4 sec. 23, SW/4 sec. 24 and NEI/4 sec. 26, T. 3 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M. ,2 mi. E of Jenny Lind SWI/4 sec. 8, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. E of Mokelumne Hill SI/2 sec. 21 and NW/4 sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 13E.,M.D.M.,i/ 2 mi. N of Altaville R. Sec. 21, T. 4 N E, M.D.M., 2 m of San Andreas 12 SE NW'Asec. 17,T. 3 N. R. 14 E, M.D.M. Owner (Name, address) Cecil .and Helen E. Uglow Not determined. C. R. Garibaldi, Sutter Creek C. W. Neilsen, San An- dreas Smile Pacheco Jr., Star Route, Linden Raymond V. Garamendi, Mokelumne Hill North Star Placer Min- ing Co., c/o Norman C. Smith, 651 Cas- malia Way, Sacra- mento 21 Not determined Not determined Geology On Central Hill channel. Gold recovered from Recent gravel bed 8 to 10 ft. thick, capped by 4-ft. soil over- burden. Gold averaged 38 cents per yd. On Deep Blue Lead. Pay gravel up to 1 3 ft. deep rests on decomposed gra- nitic and slate bedrock. Basalt cap. Average value of pay gravel reported to •be $1.50 to $2. 50 per ton. On Central Hill channel. On Central Hill channel. On Central Hill channel. Two channels separated by 1 5 ft. of rhyolite tuff. Lower channel up to 1 00 ft. deep, 200 ft. wide,- upper chan- nel up to 1000 ft. wide, capped by 1 00 ft. rhyolite tuff. Gravel consisting largely of Calaveras schist washed in 3- x 10-ft. trom- mel. Remarks and referent : with 750 sq. ft. of riffles at average rate 110 yds. per hour. (Minerals Yearbook 1937- 1940, Julihn 38:82-87.) Drift mine,- 92-ft. shaft to bedrock sunk prior to 1914. Gravel was treated in trommel, sluices, and 4 jigs. (Tucker 15:119.) Hydraulic mine near McKinney Creek,- 41,500 yds. gravel washed 1906-08; 35,000 yds. 1910-11. Inactive until 3,165 yds. hydraulicked 1929-30. Idle since. (Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) See Sport Hill. Dragline dredge. Active 1952- 56. Dragline with 100 yd.-per- hr. capacity delivered gravel to 4- by 20-ft. trommel and mul- tiple sluices. Bulldozer used to level and re-soil dredged ground. (Julihn 38:82; herein.) Hydraulic mine. Active 1890s. Closed down 1 896, active again 1902-04. Extensively hy- draulicked. Gravel several hun- dred feet wide. (Crawford 96: 99; Kerr 00; Tucker 15:120; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Consolidated drift and hydraulic mines. Three Ball and Empire tunnels driven prior to 1883; hydraulicked 1 894,- 2 channels, one 61 ft. above the other, opened by 530-ft. and 620-ft. tunnels by 1 896,- 1 0-stamp mill used for cemented gravel 1 896- 97; drain tunnel driven 2100 ft. 1899-1905; by 1914, chan- nel developed to width of 200 ft. by 2800 ft. tunnel, 1 mi. of workings. Idle since 1914. (MSP 1/20/83:36,- 3/31/83: 220; 1/13/94:29; 6/6/96: 462; Storms 00:124; Lindgren 11:206-07; Tucker 15:120.) 31,600 yds. gravel hydraulicked 1894-1900. Worked as drift mine through 800-ft. tunnel prior to 1914. (Tucker 15:120,- Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) Drift mine. Shaft 56 (Tucker 15:120.) ft. d eep. Hydraulic and drift mine at Doug- las Flat. Hydraulicked prior to 1893. Drifting 1893-96(7). Hydraulicking ceased about 1900 when tailing pond S of highway was filled. Long N- trending tunnel prospected in- termittently 1930s to early 1950s. (Crawford 94:99, 96: 121; Lindgren 11:201.) 204 California Division of Minfs and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report Map Name of claim, Owner No. mine, or group Location (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references 1 1 Old Stiff SWI/4 sec. 32, T. 3 N., Clarence H. Pate, 720 On Cataract channel Drift and hydraulic mine. Acti\< R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 East Barrymore, Stock- 1890s; about 6800 yds. gravl mi. SSE of Vallecito ton hydraulicked 1902-03; 14' J ft. shaft reopened 1925; ac driven 275 ft. in soft limestor Aug.-Nov. 1935. (Kerr 0< Logan 25:161; 36:348-4V Records, Calif. Debris Comrr Oro Water, Light and Power Co. Purchased partly constructs bucket dredge near Camancf 1912; completed constructio Successor in interest, Americ Dredging Company, organize 1 91 3; operated first dredge ar built two others 1914, 191 Company active in Camancl area 1914-22. Said to ha' worked 22 million yds. grav with average recovery of 10.S cents per yd. Operations terr inated when suitable dredgir land not available. (MSP 1 A 13:66; 3/1/1 3:356; 1/16/1 120; 5/6/16:683; H. S. Gi bert, personal communicatio 1953.) C-71 Ozark SWl/4 sec. 23, T. 3 N., Mrs. Giovanni Val, Box On the Central Hill channel. . . Drift mine. Active prior to 190 R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 116, Angels Camp Rehabilitated 1916. Driftir mi. NE of Angels again 1922. (Kerr 00; MS Camp 6/10/16:876,- 3/4/22:310. Paragon Sees. 23 and 26, T. 3 N., • R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 Not determined On Central Hill channel. Pay Drift mine. Active prior to 191 gravel 3 ft. thick, 200 ft. (Tucker 15:120.) mi. NE of Angels wide. Tunnel penetrates Camp 600 ft. of slate, 890 ft. of loose gravel. i C-72 Paul Cons. (La SEi/4 sec. 13, T. 5 N., Henry & Eugene Lan- Gravel overlain by rhyolite Drift mine. Active prior to 187 Belle France) , R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 celle, c/o Alice tuff, clay, andesitic gravel. as Bob Paul claim,- 275-ft. ii mi. S of Mokelumne Stegeman, 525 E. dined tunnel driven 187 Hill Hazelton Ave., Stock- ton Active 1 880 as La Belle Fran< mine,- new tunnel driven, pc gravel produced 1880-8 Lindgren mentions Bob Pa hydraulic pit. (MSP 9/5/7 176,- 10/23/80:260,- 6/4/8 356,- 6/24/82:412,- Lindgrs 11:208.) See Aetna Cons. Drift mine. Active prior to 189 Pellaton SEi/4 sec. 8, T. 5 N., R. Mary J. Garamendi, On Deep Blue Lead. Two 12 E., M.D.M., 1 1/ 2 Mokelumne Hill channels exposed in work- Workings consist of tunnel ar mi. SSE of Mokel- ings. 45-ft. shaft. See Veith min umne Hill (MSP 6/24/99:670; Kerr 0i Lindgren 11:209.) Pennsylvania .... Wl/2 sec. 25, T. 5 N., Not determined On Chili Gulch and Deep Drift mine. Two shafts, 60 ar R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 Blue (?) Leads. 110 ft. deep, sunk prior mi. S of Mokelumne 1911. (Kerr 00; Lindgren 1 Hill 209.) Plug Ugly , See Buck Bros. Purinton Mining NEl/4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., Daisy B. Purinton, 1538 On Central Hill channel. Owns portions of Jack Rabb Co. R. 13 E., M.D.M., Hudson St., Redwood Bouldery, well-cemented Bonanza, Amazon Star Con; about 2 mi. N of Alta- City gravel on slate and green- Golden Treasure, and Luni ville stone bedrock said to have averaged more than $4 per drift mines. These mines fii active prior to 1899. Compar dewatered and sampled pro| yard. erty in 1930. Developme includes 50-ft. inclined shal 1,400-ft. tunnel, and 900 ft. < drifts. See Jack Rabbit ar Amazon Star Consolidate' (Kerr 00; Logan 36:350.) 53] Map No. Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 205 Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and reference* Putnar Quartz Hill. Railroad Hill. . Rainer (Rainier) Red Hill Reed Reiner (Reinier). Richie Hill Rising Star (Cassinelli) Rooney Roosevelt Rose Hill (Emery) NEI/4 sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of San An- dreas, just S of Last Chance drift mine Wl/ 2 sec. 23, T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 21/2 mi. NE of Angels Camp, just N of Val Ranch mine Center sec. 2,T. 3 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1i/ 2 mi. SSE of Calaveritas Charles W. Neilsen, San Andreas Mrs. Giovanni Val, Box 116, Angels Camp John A. and Walter R. Huberty, Box 158, San Andreas On Deep Blue Lead. Shaft penetrates 2 ft. surface gravel, 80 ft. lava, 8 ft. cemented, bouldery pay gravel. Gold 845 fine. On Fort Mountain channel SEl/4 sec. 5, T. 5 N., R. 12 E.,M.D.M.,2mi. ENE of Mokelumne Hill Sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 11 E M.D.M., 3 mi. NW of San Andreas, near Latimer Gulch Tyler S. and Ida J. Yale, Mokelumne Hill Not determined On Gopher channel. Gravel poorly sized,- chiefly sub- rounded slabs of schist, some quartzite. On Deep Blue Lead. S-trend- ing channel developed by 616-ft., 20°-inclined shaft on rim,- drifts 500 ft. N. and 450 ft. S. SEi/ 4 sec. 26.T. 4N.,R. 12E.,M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. N of Calaveritas SEl/4 sec. 2, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,3mi.S-of Mokelumne Hill Dave Cademartori, San Andreas Roy and Edna Byrns, 73 Los Banos Ave., Daly City Not determined On Fort Mountain channel. Bank 20 ft. high, 200 ft. long, exposes 1 - to 1 8-inch slabs of quartz, schist, quartzite, greenstone. On Deep Blue Lead. Channel trends SW, is 80 to 100 ft. wide. Gravel 4 to 6 ft. deep. NEl/ 4 sec. 8,T. 4N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., ll/ 2 mi. WSW of Mountain Ranch Clyde C. and Glenys Sherwood, Box 3, Mountain Ranch On El Dorado channel. Chan- nel 100 to 150 ft. wide, trends N. 75° E. ; 8-ft. ce- mented auriferous gravel overlain by 42 ft. inter- bedded gravel, rhyolite tuff. Recovery 1901 was 37 cents per yd., less in following years. Rough Diamond SEi/ 4 sec. 24, T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. Raymond and Mary J. Garamendi, San An- dreas Drift mine. Active prior to 1893. (Preston 93:177; Crawford 96: 116.) Placer mine. Worked by power shovel and stationary washing plant 1941,- 11,270 yds. yield- ed 298 oz. gold, 30 oz. silver. (Minerals Yearbook, 1941.) Hydraulic mine. Giana and Luigi Demartini hydraulicked about 20,000 yds. gravel 1 895-1 904. (Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) See Victor, Calaveras Central. Hydraulic mine. First active Jan. 1875; active again early 1923 and mid-1 940s. Last worked by bulldozer, carryall, and sta- tionary washing plant. (MSP 1/30/75:69; Eng. & Min. Jour. Feb. 10, 1923:291; Logan 23:18.) Drift mine. Said to have yielded $80,000 prior to 1914. Gravel treated in 4-stamp mill. (Tucker 15:121.) See Victor, Calaveras Central. Hydraulic mine. Gravel washed from bank, along sloping floor of cut, to sluices. (MSP 4/15/71:228,- 10/11/73: 229; 2/27/75:132; 5/28/92: 390; Preston 93:177,- MSP 10/3/96:282,- Kerr 00; Tucker 15:121,- Logan 36:334-35, Plate VIII; Julihn 38:64-65; herein.) Drift mine. Active 1900s,- 1 50-ft. vertical shaft, 5-stamp mill. (MSP 5/16/03:321,- 7/18/- 03:42; Tucker 15:121.) See Val Ranch. Hydraulic mine. Worked by Lewis Emery Jr., 1899 and early 1900s with two monitors,- about 214,000 yds. gravel washed, 12,000 of which under name, "Motto mine". Short drift driven from W end of pit 1953. (Kerr 00; MSP 2/17/00:181,- Storms 00:124-125,- Lindgren 11:211-212,- Tucker 15:117,- Clark 54:17, 21; Records, Calif. Debris Comm.) (MSP 12/29/77:402,- 11/29/- 79:341 ,-6/24/82:41 2,- 3/17/- 83:180,- Tucker 15:121; Logan 36:350; Julihn 38:71; Averill 43:316; Durrell 44:423-433,- Wright 50:207,- herein.) 106 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Reporl Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references. C-80 D-74 C-81 C-82 Rough Diamond Round Butte. Safe Deposit. NEl/4 sec. 24, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NW of Vallecito Sees. 6 and 7, T. 4 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. NW of Sheep Ranch NEl/4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,2i/ 2 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill la R.Taylor, 1032 Santa Clara Ave., Alameda Not determined . Alice R. Snavely, 809 2nd St., Woodland On Central Hill channel Dump contains angula fragments granitic rock. On Fort Mountain channel. On Deep Blue Lead. San Andreas Gold Dredging Co. Not determined. Sand Hill. SWI/4 sec. 1 and NWI/4 sec. 12, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M. Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 Market St., San Francisco San Domingo. Shaw Slab Ranch. (Calmo) South Fork . South Gulch NWl/ 4 andSEI/4sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. Center sec. 30, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SSE of San An- dreas, W of the South Fork Calaveras River c/o P. N. Alexander, 1 567 Hiawatha Ave., Stockton Not determined . Sees. 33 and 34, T. 3 N., R. 10E. and sec. 4, T. 2 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. Nand NW of Milton Not determined Gravel consists of 3 benches covered by 1 to 30 ft. of overburden containing large boulders. Width of benches totals 400 ft.,- gravel up to 10 ft. thick. Compact, me- dium-coarse gravel rests on schist bedrock, contains no clay, little sand; averaged $3.50 per yd. in coarse, 900-fine gold. Deposit re- ported 1938 to contain 100,000 yds. mineable gravel. Creek gravels 300 ft. wide, 7 ft. deep, mostly unce- mented, said to average 22 cents per yd. Soft clay bed- rock. Drift mine; 3 men employed 1 9' Vertical shaft. (Tucker 1 5:1 T Hydraulic mine,- 14,250 yc gravel hydraulicked 189 1900; 8,000 yds. Oct. 190 Nov. 1902. (Kerr 00; Recorc Calif. Debris Comm.) Drift and hydraulic mine. Fi active and 5-stamp mill install 1878. Gravel struck by 376- E-trending, inclined tunr 1879. Idled prior to 1900. A tive again 1917-20, wh 27,400 yds. gravel wash? (MSP 1/26/78:52,- 6/22/1 388; 11/29/79:341; Recor, Calif. Debris Comm.) Operated 1 '/sj-yd. dragline dree in San Andreas area mid-19 to mid-1939, then operated dragline dredges in Moth Lode area through 194 Worked 22 properties, inclu ing Bowling Green (1939-4C Canepa (N of Vallecito, 1 94( Hageman (1941), and Lo bardi (2 mi. SE of Mokelum Hill, 1941). (Minerals Ye book, 1939-41.) Hydraulic mine; 35 ft. of gra exposed by 1 896, idle \ 1915. Property now coven by tailings of Gold Hill Dred ing Co. (MSP 10/10/96:30 Tucker 15:120.) See Jupiter. See Duryea. (MSP 3/4/22:310; Logan 24 178; 25:161; Minerals Ye< book 26; Young 29; Logan 3 351; Julihn 38:42,47; hereir Gravel deposit. Worked by dr| ing in 1 920s, by gasoline shovi and moveable washing pla 1936, by 382 ft. of shafts ai drifts 1937. Gravel washed 2'/2- by 1 2-ft. scrubber-tromrr and sluices. (Logan 36:35 Julihn 38:92-93.) Surface gravels in South Gulc Worked by Lilly 1 l/ 4 -yd. dra line dredge Oct. 1934 to Sep 1935, by Milton Gold Dred ing Enterprise, which see, 19' through 1940. Lilly dred. recovered 336 oz. gold, 1 4 o silver 1934; 250,000 y gravel washed 1935 in 20 trommel and sluices. (Miner Yearbook 1935-1936; Log 36:351-352.) ■o 6 ; Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 207 Map Name of claim, No. mine, or group C-83 C-84 South Hill. C-85 Sport Hill. (Moser) Spring Valley . Square Head . Stagan Mining Co. Stockton Hill. . C-86 Table Mountain Location Owner (Name, address) SI/ 2 sec. 26, T. 3 N., R. 10E.,M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of Jenny Lind NEi/4 sec. 18, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. SE of Mokelumne Hill S"/ 9 sec. 17, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2'/ 2 mi. NE of Valley Springs SEi/ 4 sec. 12,T. 5 N. 11 E., M.D.M. Smile Pacheco, Jr., Star Route, Linden Mokelumne River Power & Water Co. Not determined . Not determined. Not determined SEi/ 4 sec. 10,SWi/ 4 sec. 11, NWi/4 sec. 14, and NEI4 sec. 15,T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. SE of Mountain Ranch Not determined . Geology On Tunnel Ridge channel Alluvial and Tertiary (?) gravels. On Stockton Hifl channel. Tight gravel on schist bed- rock contains blue clay, boulders. Remarks and references On El Dorado channel. Gravel 1 ,000 ft. wide, 20 ft. deep, said to average 25 cents per yd.,- contains metamorphic and igneous cobbles and some quartz on altered schist bedrock. Hydraulic mine. Extensively hy- draulicked. Active prior to 1900,- idle by 1915. (Kerr 00- Tucker 15:120.) Hydraulic claim. Active inter- mittently 1865-99. Hydraul- icked 1865-71,- old hydraul- icked debris in gulch re-washed 1871-73; hydraulicked again until sold to Roanoke Mining Co. for $21,000 in 1896. Worked shortly thereafter as lode claim. Said to have yielded $1 8,400 during 1 877-84. (MSP 3/4/65:141; 1 /27/72:52; 5/- 3/73:277; 7/12/73:21,- 4/- 21/77:245,- 9/14/78:164,- 6/- 26/80:405; 12/27/84; 2/1 /- 96:83; 6/1 3/96:486; Kerr 00.) Eastern shaft sunk 1861 on N rim of channel; worked intermit- tently through 1953; 1 76-ft. shaft to bedrock, 350 ft. of drifts in poorly sorted, tight gravel, said to have yielded $36,000 in early days. In 1953, shaft reconditioned and 300 tons gravel washed in 3- by 5- ft. scrubber-mill and sluices. Western shaft 180 ft. deep,- 270-ft. crosscut failed to inter- sect channel. Worked 1 939-41 . Surface gravels mined to 1 5 ft. by steam shovel in early 1930s,- yield of $12,280 reported in 1936. These gravels worked 1952-56 by Garibaldi dredge, which see. (Lindgren 11:210,- Logan 36:352; McCarty: per- sonal communication, 1957.) See Chris Anderson. Operated 1 3 /i-yd. dragline dredge on Robie Ranch, about 2 mi. SW of Jenny Lind, 1940-41. Also worked on Hunt (1940) and Willits (1941) Ranches. In 1940, washed 500,000 yds. of gravel, recovered 2,902 oz. gold, 182 oz. silver,- additional small amount gravel washed in stationary plant on Robie ranch. (Minerals Yearbook, 1 940-41 .) Drift mine on NE slope Stockton Hill, in Mokelumne Hill town- site. Active 1903-04, when 730 ft. of drifts driven prior to 1 900 retimbered; and 1 935-36, when worked by 1 04-ft. verti- cal shaft, 1 75 ft. of drifts. Gravel washed in trommel, sluices. (Kerr 00; MSP 1/2/04:12,- Tucker 15:122,- Logan 36:352- 53.) Hydraulic mine. Active 1914. (Tucker 15:122.) 208 California Division of Mines and Geology PLACER GOLD-Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Taylor. Texas . C-87 Union Shaft. Uptograph . C-88 Val Ranch. . . (Roosevelt) Vallecito Consol- idated Vallecito Consol- idated Sees. 16 and 17, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., at Douglas Flat, adjoin- ing Forty-Nine mine NEI/ 4 sec. 11, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., E of Latimer Gulch. 3 mi. NW of San An- dreas Not determined . On Central Hill channel. Sterling Carter, Murphys On Central Hill and Deep Blue Lead. Pay gravel first struck 1869. SWl/4 sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. NE of Angels Camp Mrs. Giovanni Val, An- gels Camp On Central Hill channel. Not determined. Not determined. Not determined . Not determined C-89 Vallecito Western SW/4 sec. 24, T. 3 N. R. 13 E., M.D.M. Thomas B. Bishop Co., 166 Geary St., San Francisco See Clark. Drift mine. Active prior to 1900 Shaft 90 ft. deep. (Kerr 00 Tucker 15:122.) Drift mine. Property worked anC flooded intermittently unti 1 875. Last recorded productior 72'/ 2 oz. gold 1890. By 1915. developments included shaft 1 00 ft. deep, and 1 ,200-ft., N- trending drift at bottom of 1 50- ft. shaft. (MSP 11/27/69 342; 3/15/90:182; Lindgren 11:209; Tucker 15:1 22.) See Ohio. Drift mine. Drifts run prior to 191 5 through 60-ft. shaft. Sub-lessee operated power shovel and stationary washing plant May- Oct. 1942,- 6,245 yds. gravel from pit yielded 69 oz. gold, 7 oz. silver. Again active 1956; gravel moved from old pit and trench to the S by bulldozer and earthmover; washed in 4- by 20-ft. chaindriven doubl screen scrubber-trommel and sluices. (Tucker 15:121; Min- erals Yearbook 1942.) Drift-mining company that owned properties on channel between Vallecito and Douglas Flat, including Bowling Green, which see. Company also known variously as Vallecito Con. Mining Co., Vallecito Gold Mining Co., and Vallecito Mining Co. Active 1890s to 1910s. Some of company's property later acquired by Thomas B. Bishop Co. Workings included at least 3 shafts and 400-ft. tunnel. (Crawford 94{ 99, 482; 96:122; Kerr 00,* Lindgren 11:210; Tucker 15:. ! 123.) Drift mine at N end of Vallecito, operated by Donald Steffa and others who later organized Val- lecito Western Mining Co. Active Jan. 1 920 to June 1 923. Sank 192-ft. shaft and 110-ft. winze. Drifts were run NE and ■ S at 106-ft. and 192-ft. levels,-' $10,000 reportedly recovered from gravel accumulated in large fissure in limestone,- not a part of an existing Tertiary channel. , Workings total 5,300 ft. (Logan 24:6-7,- Young 29:395-6.) (Logan 24:6-7, 178; 25:161, MineralsYearbook 1 929; Young 29:395-6,- Steffa 32,- Minerals Yearbook 1935-41,- Logan 36: 353-5; Julihn 38:38-42,- Aver- ill 46:247-251; herein.) 963] Calaveras County PLACER GOLD-Continued 209 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references -90 ■91 92 ?3 1963" Calaveras County LIMESTONE-Continued 211 Map Name of claim, No. mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referer. Le Clerq. Markwood Ranches McNamara. Murphys Penn Valley Springs- Mokelumne Hill deposits (Gale Ranch, Le Clerq, Markwood, McNamara, Penn, Watt and Field, Yount) Watt and Field . Young. N l/ 2 sec. 32, T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. NWl/4 sec. 32, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 51/3 mi. NE of Val- ley Springs Sees. 31 and 32, T. 4 N., R. 14E.,sec. 36, T. 4 N.,R. 1 3 E. ; and sees. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M. Sec. 32, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 5.0 mi. by road from Valley Springs Ni/2 sec. 4, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Sec. 4,T. 4N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M. Mary E. Markwood, Valley Springs (1947) Josephine McNamara et al., Valley Springs (1947) Many . New Penn Mines, Inc., 70 Pine St., New York 5, NY. Many . Hannah R. Watt et al., Valley Springs (1947) Not determined See Valley Springs-Mokelume Hill deposits. (Tucker 16:128; Logan 47:217.) See Valley Springs-Mokelumne Hill deposits. (Aubury 06:65; Tucker 1 6:1 28; Logan 47:21 7- 218.) See Valley Springs-Mokelumne Hill deposits. (Aubury 06:65; Tucker 16:1 28; Logan 47:21 8.) (Turner 98: pi. I; Logan 47:216; herein.) See Valley Springs-Mokelumne Hill deposits. (Aubury 06:65,- Tucker 1 6:1 29; Logan 47:21 8.) H< See Valley Springs-Mokelumne Hill deposits. (Logan 47:218.) See Valley Springs-Mokelumne Hill deposits. (Aubury 06:66; Tucker 16:128-129.) MANGANESE Airole Big Little Bear (Calaveras Manganese) Calaveras Manganese Callahan . Carley Cave City. SWI/4 sec. 35, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 1l/ 2 mi. E of Angels Camp SWl/4 sec. 11 and NW i/ 4 sec. 14.T. 3 N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., 7 mi. SE of Valley Springs in Bear Mountains Wi/ 2 sec. 34, T. 2 N., R. 11 E., 'M.D.M., 71/2 mi. SE of Milton SEi/ 4 sec. 12.T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Murphys Sec. 14, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 31/9 mi. SE of Mountain Ranch Emma Airola, dreas An, Alvin Maxwell and El- mer Walker, San An- dreas (1950) H. L. Donner, Milton. . Carley Ranch, Murphys (1950) E. A. Thomas, Mountain Ranch Manganese oxide in NW- striking metachert lenses in phyllite and schist. Psilomelane lenses up to 1 ft. thick in chert. Ore zone up to 4 ft. thick and 150 ft. long strikes N. 40° W. and dips 55° NE. Bed of psilomelane-bearing chert up to 2 ft. thick strikes N; ore contains up to 40% Mn. Prospect containing psilome- lane with spessartite and limonite in sericite schist. Low-grade prospect contain- ing manganese and iron oxide in schist. Active during World War II. Developed by open pits. (Trask 43:72, 106; 50:38-40.) Developed by open pits. (Trask 43:76, 106; 50:40.) See Big Little Bear. Developed by open cut. (Trask 43:76, 106; 50:40-41.) Developed by small pit. (Trask 43:76, 106; 50:41.) Developed by small open pii. (Trask 43:76, 106; 50:41.) 212 California Division of M inks and Geology [County Report MANGANESE-Continued Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology i Remarks and references D-67 Daniels (Dennis) Nl/ 2 sec. 6, T. 2 N., R. 11 E.,M.D.M.,4nii. E of Milton Mrs. Minnie Dennis, Jenny Lind (1942) A 1- to 3'/2-ft. bed of psilo- melane and pyrolusite with chert, quartz, and rhodonite. Ore averages 20% Mn. Prospected during World War Exposed by series of open cui (Trask 43:76, 106,- 50:41-45 See Daniels. D-68 Fortner Ranch . . . SWi/4 sec. 4, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 3l/ 2 mi. NE of San Andreas Dorothy Ludwig, Oak- land (1942) Partly oxidized NW-striking beds of spessartite in quartz and quartzite. Exposed in open cuts. (Bradk 18:31; Logan 25:163; Tra 43:76, 106; 50:42-43.) D-69 Gorham SEi/ 4 sec. 18,T. 1 N.,R. 13 E.,M.D.M.,6mi. SE of Copperopolis Not determined Rhodonite with small amounts manganese oxide. (Trask 43:76, 107; 50:43.) Murphys pros- pects Not determined Partly oxidized spessartite and rhodonite in metachert. Series of small prospects in Mi phys area. (Trask 50:43-44.) Harrington T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 5 mi. E of Murphys near Collier- ville Not determined A 1- to 3-ft. thick lens 15 ft. long. Developed by 20-ft. shaft wi 20 ft. of drifts. (Trask 43:7 107,- 50:44.) Hauselt T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 2'/ 2 mi. NE of Murphys Not determined Prospect containing mangani- ferous chert. (Trask 43:75, 107,- 50:44.) Joses Ranch Nl/2 sec. 5, T. 4 N., R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 2 mi. W of Mountain Ranch L. B. Joses, Mountain Ranch (1942) Prospect of manganiferous chert. Developed by open cut. (Tra: 43:76, 107,- 50:45.) D-70 Kellogg Sl/ 2 sec. 4,T. 2N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M.,6mi. W of Altaville on Bear Mountain Ridge W. M. Kellogg, Alta- ville (1942) Bed of manganese oxide 1 to 6 ft. thick in chert and phyl- lite strikes N. 30°-35° W. Developed by open cuts. (Loga 25:163; Trask 43:76, 10' 50:45-46.) D-71 Lavagnino NEi/ 4 sec. 3,T. 2N.,R. 13 E.,M.D.M., 1 mi. SW of Angels Camp Steve Lavagnino, Angels Camp (1942) Prospect of psilomelane in phyllite. Developed by open pit. (Tra; 43:107, 50:46.) Pescia T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., 6 mi. N of Murphys Not determined Prospect containing manga- niferous chert. (Trask 43:107,- 50:46.) D-72 Soapstone SI/2 sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M.,1 mi. SW of Sheep Ranch E. G. Staples, Sheep Ranch Prospect containing manga- nese oxide with spessartite crystals in metachert and schist. Developed by open pit. (Tra; 43:107; 50:46-47.) Sunshine Not determined C. S. Pierce, Hughson (1942) 1 Prospect near Murphys. (Tra! 43:108; 50:47.) Zurcher T. 4 N., R. 14 E.. M.D.M., 31/2 mi. N of Murphys Not determined Prospect consisting of manga- nese-stained metachert. (Trask 43:76, 108; 50:47.) MINERAL PAINT Holmes Ranch . . . T. 4 N., R. 10 E. ; M.D.M.,, near Campo Seco Not determined Decomposed slate with limon- ite. Long idle. (Tucker 16:1 30; Log£ 25:168; Symons 30:152.) Late Ochre Sec. 14?.T. 4N.,R. 10 E., M.D.M.,'/? mi. W of Valley Springs Not determined Yellow to dark red ochre in belt of NW-striking slate. Active 1890s and possibly early 1900s. (Aubury 06:33!; Logan 25:168; Symons 3i 153.) Rhoden T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. from Valley Springs Not determined Prospect containing brown and yellow ochre. (Logan 25:168; Symons 30:1 53 196 V Calaveras County QUARTZ CRYSTAL 213 Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references See Green Mountain placer gold mine. See under Placer gold in text. See under Placer gold in text. )-73 -43 1-74 -80 Green Mountain Rough Diamond . E'/ 2 sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. SEi/ 4 sec. 24, T. 5N,R. 11 E., M.D.M. R. P. M.Davis, 666 Rudd Rd., Vista Raymond and Mary J. Garamendi, S:n An- dreas Oro y Plata. Sees. 5 and 6, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Murphys QUICKSILVER Mary Bess Norton, c/o J. C. Scoles, Murphys Cinnabar was reported to have been found with gold ore. See Lode gold. (Turner 98:8.) Minnesota Min- ing and Milling (Sherwood) Sh« sod. NE'/ 4 sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1/4 mi. WSW of San An- dreas ROOFING GRAVELS Minnesota Mining and Milling Co., 900 Fau- quier Ave., St. Paul 6, Minnesota Upper portion of 1 10-ft. ver- tical drill hole penetrated unfractured, massive augitic greenstone; lower portion in finer grained fractured greenstone. Diamond drilled by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. in 1958, to investigate suit- ability of rock for use as roofing granules. Purchased from Clyde Sherwood in 1959. (Calaveras Prosp ct article 5/23/58.) See Minnesota Mining and Mill- ing. SILICA D-75 Echandi Si/ 2 sec. 16, T. 1 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. due W of Telegraph City on Calaveras- Stanislaus County line J. A. and J. T. Echandi, Rt. 1, Box 506, Stock- ton Undeveloped massive quartz vein in greenstone is 100 ft. long and 30 to 40 ft. wide. D-76 Iron Rock El/ 2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M., at Carson Hill Fred G. Steven't, 3C0 Montgomery St., San Francisco Missive quartz vein in Mother Lcde belt. In 1925 quartz mined from massive vein end used as steel flux. (Login 25:170.) D-77 Pacific Clay Prod- ucts Wi/2 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 10 E., M.D.M. Frank Genoccio and Mark Davis, Caman- che,- leased to Pacific Clay Products, 1255 W. 4th St., Los An- geles (Utley 57:72-74, 100/ herein.) STONE D-84 Angels NEi/4 sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 14 E M.D.M., in Skunk Gulch, 2 mi. SE of Vallecito Not determined Fine-grained white marble with faint gray streaks. Worked prior to 1915 by Cali- fornia-American Marble Co.; two shipments of marble re- ported. (Tucker 15:129,- Logan 25:168,- 47:219.) D-94 Caldwell NWi/4 sec. 35, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 4 mi. SW of San An- dreas Not determined Small E-trending lens of dark, mottled marble. Intermittently active prior to 1906, idle since. Small pit. Marbl^ takes high polish. (Crawford 96:627; Aubury 06:98-99; Logan 47:219.) 214 California Division of Mines and Geology STONE— Continued [County Report Map No. Name of claim, mine, or gorup Decorock, Inc. D-101 Eagle . D-103 Eel enpse . D-106 D-108 D-109 D-111 D-114 D-118 Garamendi . Ghost Gianelli Golden River. Hertzig. Irvine Location NWl/ 4 sec. 28, T. 3 N., -R. 14 E., M.D.M., near head of Skunk Gulch,2mi.EofVal- lecito NE'/ 4 sec. 75, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M., 2'/q mi. S of Mokel- umne Hill NWi/ 4 sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M. SWi/ 4 sec. 34, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , near SE city limits of Angels Camp SWl/ 4 sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 14E., M.D.M., Vi mi. SW of Douglas Flat SW'/ 4 sec. 19, T. 3 N., R. 14 E., M.D.M., i/ 2 mi. NW of Vallecito NWl/ 4 sec. 32, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 2'/2 mi. S of San An- dreas Wi/ 2 sec. 25, T. 5N.,R. 11 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. S of Mokelumne Hill Owner (Name, address) 235 Montgomery St., San Francisco Geology Not determined . John J. Fillerup, San An- dreas Raymond Garamendi, Mokelumne Hill Not determined Al Gianelli, Flat (1952) Douglas T. E. and E. K. Stearman, Vallecito Mrs. Hattie Hertzig, San Andreas Robert B. Irvine, 1429 Bronson Ave., Mo- desto Fine-grained white marble with faint gray streaks. Mica-quartz schist capped by 2 ft. of overburden. Verti- cal schistosity. Well-segre- grated bands of muscovite (2 percent of rock) and quartz give rock good fissility. Slabby, massive greenstone. White rhyolite tuff with 6-in. soil overburden. Compact, fractured, gray rhy- olite tuff. Compact gray marble. Fine-grained, compact tuff rests on Eocene quartz gravel. Tuff dips gently SW, ranges from 20 to 60 ft. in thickness, is pink and pur- plish-gray in color. Remarks and references ;0 Jo 1 Sales outlet for rhyolite tuff minec from Snyder and Garamend quarries and crushed at Tracy b} Pacific Cement & Aggregates Inc. See Snyder, Garamendi Four sizes of "Decorock" ar< marketed: 2'/2- by 1 Win ll/ 2 - by 3/8-in., 1- by 1/8 in., and V?- by 1 /8-in. Th« smallest size accounts for mos sales. Crushed rock sold in Sar Francisco Bay area and northerr California in sacks or on rolls a: roofing granules. (Lee Collins personal communication, 1957 Small amount of marble shipped prior to 1 91 5 by Eagle Marble Co.; Eagle Marble and Lime Co. acquired property in 1921, but did not ship any rock. Main pit 30 ft. long, 10 ft. wide, 10 ft. deep. Smaller pits and trenches nearby. (Tucker 15 129; Logan 21:424; 25:168- 47:219.) Shallow cut in hillside opened 1957,- face 6 ft. high, 20 ft. long To be used for garden stone. Herein. Rock quarried 1920, crushed, shipped to Richmond for use on roofing paper. Dump material used for road base 1956. See also table 3. (Logan 21:424.) Active prior to 1 947 and in 1 949. Rock hand-trimmed, used for garden and building stone. Larger of 2 pits is 4 ft. deep, 30 ft. in diameter. » Small pit, 20 ft. by 30 ft., with 10 ft. face. Inactive for many years This quarry probably the same as Calaveras Cement Co's. Quarry No. 2. No data available re- garding early activity. (Aubury 06:99; Logan 47:219.) Intermittently active 1946-51. Worked for terrazzo chips by Sonora Marble Aggregate Co. 1949; Lava Products Co. 1950; and at intervals by local resi- dents, under contract. Rock blasted and hand-trimmed at 3 adjacent pits. Largest pit 50 ft. by 20 ft. with 40-ft. face,- small- est 35 ft. by 10 ft., with 15-ft. face. Rock used as garden stone, building stone, terrazzo chips. (Chesterman 56:36, 95.) 96 V Calaveras County STONE-Continued Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and referenc - Johnson . Laidct. Late. Point Neilsen Gravel Plant Co. Pacific Cement and Aggregates, Inc. Pardee Dam .... Peirano, quarry. . Salt Springs dam Snyder (Tyrrell- Han- nah, Pacific Ce- ment and Ag- gregates, Inc., Decorock) NW'/ 4 sec. 3, T. 1 IM., R. 12 E., M.D.M., at Copperopolis Not determined Sec. 3,T. 5 N.,R. 12 E., M.D.M., on Calaveras River, about 3'/2 mi. ENE of Mokelumne Hill Not determined Sec. 23, T. 4 N E., M.D.M ley Springs R. 10 near Val- Not determined. NWl/4 sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 15 E., M.D.M., 3 mi. SSW of Avery P.O. NWi/ 4 sec. 25, T. 5 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. Sid Korblick, Murphys. c/o C. W. Neilsen, San Andreas Three ft. of talc, 50 ft. of soap- stone,- traceable for 1 ,000 ft. Medium-grained, white sand- stone in thick, fractured beds with shallow dip N into hill. Very hard rhyolite stained and colored by ground- water. S'/2 sec. 1 1 or N'/2 sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. , i/ 2 mi. NW of Carson Hill NWl/4 sec. 27, T. 3 N., R. 13 E., M.D.M. On North Fork Mokel- umne River East Bay Municipal Util- ity District, 2130 Adeline St., Oakland 23 Not determined Soapstone. John P. Lemue, Angels Camp Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 245 Market St., San Francisco 6 SEi/ 4 sec. 7, T. 4 N., R. 11 E., M.D.M. John Snyder, Valley Springs Active 1949. John Johnson sold crude slag to Plymouth Rock Wool Manufacturing Co., which used it in manufacture of rock wool. By-product glass beads from process were purchased by Johnson in 1950, screened, bagged, or sold in 3 sizes as blasting sand. Crude slag also crushed to 1 sizes (6 to 40 mesh) at Copperopolis, sold as blasting sand. (Turner 51:315; Carlson 54:227, 229.) No known production. (Tucker 15:131,- Logan 25:171-172.) Stone used locally and shipped to Stockton 1 870. Idle since. Used as decorative stone. Small quarry. (Aubury 06:117-118; Tucker 1 5:1 30; Logan 25:1 71 .) Active 1951-52. Quarry 60 ft. long, 15 ft. high. Rock blasted, hand-trimmed, marketed as wall- rock and garden stone as far as Lodi. (Julihn 38:82; Records, Div. Highways, District X,- herein.) Formerly Pacific Coast Aggregates, Inc. See Garamendi, Snyder. H« Active intermittently 1925-28. "Several tons" shipped by Commercial Minerals Co. 1925; 100 tons shipped Nov. 1927. Crude soapstone treated in San Francisco, used for building stone. (Logan 25:171; Cala- veras Californian 11/10/27; Logan 36:235.) (Heizer 48:116; Chesterman 56: 36; herein.) 57,000 yds. crushed granite pro- duced for aggregate, 1928-31. Specific gravity of rock 2.70- 2.74. No other tests made. (C. W. Appleford, Chief Civil Engineer, personal communica- tion, 1958.) Quarry and crush- ing and sizing plant south of dam. Hi 216 California Division of Mines and Geology STONE— Continued County Repord Map No. Name of claim, mine, or group Sonora Marble Aggregate Co. D-1 50 Treat Sundborg . Location Plant 2 Sonora mi. NW of Near Vallecito . D-1 52 Tryon . D-1 57 Tyrrell-Hannah Wallace D-1 59 Wa NEI/ 4 sec. 16, T. 4 N., R. 12 E., M.D.M., 1 l/ 2 mi. ENE of San Andreas SEi/ 4 sec. 34, T. 3N.,R. 13 E., M.D.M. in SE portion Angels Camp, E of Hwy. 49 Owner (Name, address) Sonora Marble Aggre- gate Co., 356 Church St., San Francisco Not determined Not determined Geology y e Ji ow marble blc SWI/4 sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 9 E., M.D.M., 1 mi. N of Wallace Nl/ 2 sec. 12, T. 3 N., R. 9E.,M.D.M.,4l/ 2 mi. NW of Jenny Lind Walter W. Tryon, Box 1093, Rio Vista Not determined H.D.Warren, Rt. 1 , Box 295, Valley Springs Small lens of white, fine- grained marble. Fresh, massive, slabby green- stone. Remarks and references Fine-grained, unaltered, white and gray rhyolite pumicite. Small bands of opal in north pit. Bedding hori- zontal at S end of ridge, dips 25° N. at N end. Ma- terial contains 77% glass (n = 1.498). Analysis (calcined): Si0 2 = 71.28, Fe 2 3 = 128, AI2O3 = 14.04, CaO = 1.01, MgO = 0.41, Na 2 = 0.32, and K 2 = 2.47%; total = 90.81% (T. C. Slater, personal communication, 1950). Lens-like beds of pumice conglomerate and cross- bedded tuffaceous sand- stone in 20-ft. tuff layer in Valley Springs fm. Con- glomerate is consolidated, contains angular fragments of pumice up to 1 in. di- ameter, rounded fragments up to 8 in., in pumicite matrix. Pumice more abun- dant on W portion of prop- erty. Plant in operation since 194 Terrazzo chips occasionally ob tained from Irvine and Sundbo properties, which see. Fo sizes of standard terrazzo chi| are produced at plant: No. 1 8 mesh to 74 in.; No. 2, 74 t 3 /g 'n.; No. 3, 3 / 8 to l/ 2 in combination of standard size Nos. 4, 5, and 6, l/ 2 to 1 chips sold in 100-lb. bags. Active intermittently 1946-49 Marble shipped to Sonor Marble Aggregate Co., crushec used as terrazzo chips. (Logar 47:219; Turner 51:315.) Small prospect pit. (Aubury 06 99,- Logan 47:219.) Operated by Pacific Rock Granul Co. prior to 1925; Angel Greenstone Co. 1925-27; Pa cific Minerals Inc. 1928-30; Pacific Minerals Co., Ltd., 1931-41. Inactive since. Rock mined on 200-ft. level, crushed, screened, and sized. Sieve analysis of crushed rock (Logan 25:169): +80 mesh = 5.1%, + 100 mesh = 0%, +200 mesh = 14.4%, —200 mesh = 85.9%, dust = 14.4% Finished products were stucco dash ( — 3 to +4 mesh), roofing rock ( — '/ 2 inch, +4 mesh), roofing granules (14 to 40 mesh). Concrete mixer used to color granules, 1936. (Logan 25:168-169,- 36:235.) See Snyder. Two small pits, 1 5 and 8 ft. deep in N-trending ridge. Inactive 1956. Intermittently active 1942-55. Three small pits mined by stripping overburden, pushing pumice onto ramp, passing it through 3 /}-inch screen into truck. Used for concrete aggre- gate. (Chesterman 56:36, 53.) r 1 I Calaveras County STONE-Continued 217 ■ Map No, Name of claim, mine, or group Location Owner (Name, address) Geology Remarks and references Wildermuth Sec. 1,T. 4N.,R. 10 E., M.D.M., i/ 4 mi. E of Campo Seco reservoir Not determined Soft, coarse-grained, dark gray sandstone. Used locally prior to 1906. Idle since. Quarry face 20 ft. high, 1 50 ft. wide. (Aubury 06:1 19/ Tucker 1 5:1 30; Logan 25:1 71 .) Bee also Table 3. TUNGSTEN D-161 Clark Garnet Hill Moore Creek. . . . NWl/ 4 sec. 18, T. 7N, R. 16 E., M.D.M., 1 79 mi. S of Garnet Hill Sees. 6 and 7, T. 7 N., R. 16 E., M.D.M. Sec. 7,T. 7N.,R. 16E., M.D.M. Moore Creek Mining Co., P.O. Box 78, Pioneer North American Tung- sten, Inc., Gazette Bldg., Reno, Nevada Moore Creek Mining Co., P.O. Box 78, Pioneer Small discontinuous tactite .bodies in granodiorite gneiss contain small amounts of chalcopyrite and schee- lite. Prospected for copper during World War I; later prospected for tungsten. Developed by shallow open cuts. (Jenkins 42:312; Turner 51:316; herein.) (Jenkins 42:312; herein.) D-162 ^43599 5-62 3,500 printed in California state printing office If A' ''• /7- <^^ DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY IAN CAMPBELL, STATE GEOLOGIST STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY E PARTMENT OF CONSERVATIO N MINERAL SYMBOLS X Asbestos o Chromite D Cloy • Copper ■ Iron ^Sfe * Limestone * Mongonese © Quartz crystal S Silica x Stone ♦ Tungsten Deposits of streom grovel and tailir See Figure 13 to deposits in Colov MAP OF CALAVERAS COUNTY SHOWING MINES AND MINERAL DEPOSITS, EXCEPT GOLD • • . o * ! m >8t THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPm «!*■«»» THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW books requested^TaTTother borrower ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE RECALL RECEIVED MAY 2 5 1999 PSL APR 31996 RECEIVED F> E MAR 1 9 1998 fcMJN30 2005 CF Physical Sciences Library „ m \\ JUN 30 2m JUN211998 ^/1iB U/r< 2 2006 - S^V-3, M^Uical Sciences UM-9 JAN 1 6 2009 RECEIVED c -r 3 1998 RECEIVED 1 JUN3n1999 'phvslcal Sciences LD LIBRARY "iv'PfTY oTOlFORNIA, DAVIS Automated Phone Renewal (24-hour): 752-1132 D4613(5/97)M N? 597944 California. Division of Mines and Geology. County report. 3 1175 00478 9544 TN2U C3 A3h no. 2 PHYSICAL SCIENCES LIBRA? LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS -gjg^^TDivision o Mines and Geology. County report*.