THE STUDY OF MEDIAEVAL HISTOK 
 BY THE LIBRARY METHOD 
 
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THE STUDY 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY 
 
 LIBRARY METHOD 
 
 HIGH SCHOOLS 
 
 M. S. GETCHELL, A.M. 
 v 
 
 TEACHER OF HISTORY, SOMERVILLE ENGLISH HIGH SCHOOL 
 SOMERVILLE, MASS. 
 
 BOSTON, U.S.A., AND LONDON 
 PUBLISHED BY GINN & COMPANY 
 tm JJreas 
 
 1898 
 
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 COPYRIGHT, 1897 
 BY M. S. GETCHELL 
 
 ALL KIGHTS RESEKVKD 
 
PREFACE 
 
 THIS book was prepared for the use of my second year 
 classes in the Somerville English High School, and is pub- 
 lished because of inquiries by many teachers concerning this 
 line of work. It is not intended as an exhaustive study of 
 Mediaeval History, but as a practical work for the class room. 
 A copy should be placed in the hands of each pupil in order 
 to accomplish the end designed. 
 
 As far as possible, references are to one volume editions, 
 these being considered more economical in time to the student 
 and in expense to the school. That there may be no mistake 
 in regard to the edition cited, a list of books has been care- 
 fully prepared, giving title, author, publisher, and date of 
 publication. At the close of the book are a chronological 
 table of the rulers of England, France, Germany, and the 
 Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, and a short list 
 of historical works arranged alphabetically by countries. 
 
 I have not touched upon theories or ecclesiastical questions 
 more than is necessary for a good understanding of the period, 
 preferring to leave such matters to the discretion of the 
 teacher. 
 
 I take this opportunity to acknowledge my indebtedness 
 to those who have aided me in the preparation of this little 
 work. 
 
 SOMERVILLE, MASS., 
 
BOOKS OF KEFERENCE. 
 
 ADAMS, GEO. BURTON. Civilization During the "Middle Ages. Chas. 
 
 Scribner's Sons, New York. 1895. 
 ALLEN, W. F. History of the Roman People. Ginn & Company, 
 
 Boston. 1895. 
 ALZOG, JOHN. Manual of Universal Church History, 3 vols. Robert 
 
 Clark & Co., Cincinnati. 1878. 
 ANDREWS, E. BENJ. Institutes of History. Silver, Burdett & Co., 
 
 Boston. 1894. 
 BERARD, A. B. School History of England. American Book Co., 
 
 New York. 
 BOTTA, A. C. L. Handbook of Universal Literature. Houghton, Mifflin 
 
 & Co., Boston. 1885. 
 BRIGHT, J. F. History of England, 4 vols. E. P. Dutton & Co., New 
 
 York. 1880. 
 
 BRYCE, JAMES. The Holy Roman Empire. A. L. Burt, New York. 1886. 
 BULFINCH, THOMAS. The Age of Chivalry. Legends of Charlemagne. 
 
 Lee & Shepard, Boston. 
 CHURCH, A. J. Stories from English History. The Macmillan Co., New 
 
 York. 1895. 
 CHURCH, R. W. The Beginning of the Middle Ages, Epoch Series. 
 
 Chas. Scribner's Sons, New York. 
 Cox, GEO. W. The Crusades, Epoch Series. Chas. Scribner's Sons, 
 
 New York. 1895. 
 CRICHTON, ANDREW. History of Arabia, 2 vols. Harper & Brothers, 
 
 New York. 1834. 
 DUNN, A. J. Rise and Decay of the Rule of Islam. Samuel Tinsley, 
 
 London. 1877. 
 DURUY, VICTOR. History of the Middle Ages. Henry Holt & Co., New 
 
 York. 1891. 
 EMERTON, EPHRAIM. Introduction to the Study of the Middle Ages. 
 
 Mediaeval Europe. Ginn & Company, Boston. 1894. 
 FEILDEN, H. ST. CLAIR. A Short Constitutional History of England. 
 
 Ginn & Company, Boston. 1895. 
 FISHER, GEO. PARK. Outlines of Universal History. American Book 
 
 Co., New York. 1885. 
 
VI BOOKS OF REFEEENCE. 
 
 FREEMAN, E. A. The History and Conquests of the Saracens. . The 
 
 Macmillan Co. , New York. 
 GARDINER, JAMES. The Houses of Lancaster and York, Epoch Series. 
 
 Chas. Scribner's Sons, New York. 1895. 
 GARDINER, S. R. A Student's History of England. Longmans, Green 
 
 & Co., New York. 1893. 
 GIBBON, EDWARD. Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 6 vols. 
 
 Harper & Brothers, New York. 
 
 GOODYEAR, W. H. A History of Art. A. S. Barnes & Co. New York. 
 GRAY, G. Z. Children's Crusades. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. , Boston. 1882. 
 GREEN, J. R. History of the English People, 4 vols. Short History 
 
 of the English People. 1896. Conquest of England. Harper & 
 
 Brothers, New York. 
 GUERBER, H. A. Legends of the Middle Ages. American Book Co., 
 
 New York. 
 GUEST, M. J. A Handbook of English History. The Macmillan Co., 
 
 New York. 1896. 
 GUIZOT, M. History of France, 10 vols. Lovell, Coryell & Co., New 
 
 York. 
 GUIZOT, F. P. G. The History of Civilization in Europe. A. L. Burt, 
 
 New York. 
 HALLAM, HENRY. The Middle Ages, Student's Series. Harper & 
 
 Brothers, New York. 1892. 
 HENDERSON, E. F. History of Germany in the Middle Ages. 1894. 
 
 Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages. 1892. Geo. Bell 
 
 & Sons, London. 
 HOSMER, J. K. Short History of German Literature. Chas. Scribner's 
 
 Sons, New York. 1891. 
 HUGHS, THOMAS. The Life of Alfred. The Macmillan Co., New York. 
 
 1881. 
 HUME, DAVID. A History of England, Student's Series. Harper & 
 
 Brothers, New York. 1873. 
 
 IRVING, WASHINGTON. Mahomet and his Successors. 
 JERVIS, W. H. A. A History of France, Student's Series. Harper & 
 
 Brothers, New York. 1895. 
 
 JOHNSON, A. H. The Normans in Europe, Epoch Series. Chas. Scrib- 
 ner's Sons, New York. 1893. 
 JOY, J. R. Rome and the Making of Modern Europe. Flood & Vincent, 
 
 Meadville, Penn. 1893. 
 KEARY, C. F. The Vikings in Western Christendom. G. P. Putnam's 
 
 Sons, New York. 1891. 
 
BOOKS OF REFERENCE. vii 
 
 KITGHIN, G. W. A History of France, 3 vols. Clarendon Press, Oxford. 
 1881. 
 
 KOELLE, S. W. Mohammed and Mohammedanism. Rivingtons, Lon- 
 don. 1879. 
 
 LARKED, J. N. History for Ready Reference, 5 vols. The C. A. 
 Nichols Co., Springfield, Mass. 1895. 
 
 LEIGHTON, R. F. A History of Rome. Maynard, Merrill & Co., New 
 York. 1893. 
 
 LEWIS, CHARLETON T. History of Germany. Harper & Bros., N. Y. 
 1892. 
 
 LUBKE, W. Outlines of the History of Art, 2 vols. Dodd, Mead & Co., 
 New York. 
 
 MICHAUD, J. F. The History of the Crusades, 3 vols. A. C. Armstrong 
 & Son, New York. 1891. 
 
 MONTGOMERY, D. H. History of France. 1894. History of England. 
 1895. Ginn & Company, Boston. 
 
 MORRIS, CIIAS. Historical Tales (German). J. B. Lippincott Co., Phil- 
 adelphia. 1893. 
 
 MYERS, P. V. N. General History. 1894. Mediaeval and Modern His- 
 tory. 1894. A History of Rome. Ginn & Company, Boston. 
 
 OMAN, CHARLES. Europe 476-918 A.D. Rivington, Percival & Co., 
 London. 1893. 
 
 PLOETZ, CARL. Epitome of Ancient, Mediaeval, and Modern History. 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. 
 
 RIDPATH, JOHN CLARK. History of the World, 3 vols. Jones Brothers, 
 Cincinnati. 
 
 SAINTSBURY, GEO. A Short History of French Literature, Clarendon 
 Press, Oxford. 1892. 
 
 SEEBOHM, F. Era of the Protestant Revolution, Epoch Series. Chas. 
 Scribner's Sons, New York. 
 
 SHELDON, MARY D. General History. D. C. Heath & Co., Boston. 
 1887. 
 
 SHEPPARD, John G. The Fall of Rome and the Rise of the New Nation- 
 alities. Routledge, Warn & Routledge, New York. 1861. 
 
 STILLE, C. J. Studies in Mediaeval History. J. B. Lippincott Co., 
 Philadelphia. 1882. 
 
 STONE, A. P. History of England. Thompson, Brown & Co., Boston. 
 1882. 
 
 STUBBS, WM. Early Plantagenets, Epoch Series. Chas. Scribner's Sons. 
 The Constitutional History of England, 3 vols. Clarendon Press, 
 Oxford. 1891. 
 
viii BOOKS OF REFERENCE. 
 
 SWINTON, WM. Outlines of the World's History. American Book Co., 
 
 New York. 
 
 SYMONDS, J. A. Renaissance in Italy, 2 vols. Smith, Elder & Co. , Lon- 
 don. 1881. 
 TAYLOR, BAYARD. History of Germany. D. Appleton & Co., New York. 
 
 1895. 
 THALHEIMER, M. E. Mediaeval and Modern History. 1874. History 
 
 of Rome. 1872. History of England. American Book Co., 
 
 New York. 
 THATCHER, O. J. A Short History of Mediaeval Europe. Chas. Scrib- 
 
 ner's Sons, New York. 1897. 
 TOWLE, GEO. M. Young People's History of England. Lee & Shepard, 
 
 Boston. 1888. 
 UNIV. OF PENNSYLVANIA. Historical Dept. Translations and Reprints 
 
 from Original Sources. 1894-1897. 
 WALPOLE, C. G. A Short History of the Kingdom of Ireland. Harper 
 
 & Brothers, New York. 1882. 
 WARBURTON, W. Edward III, Epoch Series. Chas. Scribner's Sons, 
 
 New York. 1888. 
 
 WILSON, WOODROW. The State. D. C. Heath & Co., Boston. 1895. 
 WOLLASTON, A. N. Half Hours with Muhammed. W. H. Allen & Co. , 
 
 London. 1866. 
 WRIGHT, T. Travels of Marco Polo. Geo. Bell & Sons, London. 1892. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 (476-1492 A.D.) 
 
 BARBARIAN MIGRATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 THE VISIGOTHS 
 
 Upon the Danube * 
 
 In Greece and. Italy 
 Alaric 
 
 Myers (Rome), 158-160. 
 
 Myers (Gen.), 336-338. 
 
 Allen, 284, 318-320. 
 
 Fisher, 204-205. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 25-29. 
 
 Duruy, 17-18. 
 
 Swinton, 208-209. 
 
 Thalheimer (Rome), 353-354, 356-357, 
 
 Lewis, 29-30, 35. 
 
 Henderson, 12-17. 
 
 Adams, 66-67. 
 
 Sheppard, 177-188. 
 
 Ploetz, 170-171. 
 
 Taylor, 37-42. 
 
 Thatcher, 22-24. 
 
 Lamed, II. 1553, 1556-1557. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 33-34 ; I. 890-891. 
 
 Gibbon, I. 518 ; III. 85 sqq. 
 
 Myers (Rome), 161, 163-167. 
 
 Myers (Gen.), 344. 
 
 Allen, 322-327. 
 
 Fisher, 205^207. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 29-34. 
 
 Duruy, 18-21. 
 
 Thalheimer (Rome), 356-357. 
 
 Lewis, 36-37. 
 
 Church, 9-14. 
 
 Henderson, 17-21. 
 
 Adams, 68-69. 
 
 Sheppard, 232-246. 
 
 Ploetz, 171. 
 
 Taylor, 43-46. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE VISIGOTHS (continued) 
 In Greece and Italy 
 Alaric 
 
 Thatcher, 25-27. 
 
 Larned, II. 1558-1559 ; IV. 2733. 
 Ridpath, II. 35 ; I. 891-896. 
 Gibbon, III. 135 sqq. 
 
 Kingdom in Gaul and Spain < 
 
 Myers, 10, 96-98. 
 Duruy, 21, 89. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 33-34. 
 Church, 16, 81-83. 
 Allen, 328. 
 Fisher, 207-208, 213. 
 Thalheimer, 17, 21. 
 Henderson, 21-22. 
 Adams, 70. 
 Sheppard, 247, 430 sqq. 
 Ploetz, 172. 
 Jervis, 26. 
 
 Oman, 128-144, 221 sqq. 
 Thatcher, 27-28. 
 Larned, II. 1559, 1560, 1561. 
 Ridpath, II. 35, 64-66 ; I. 896-897. 
 I Gibbon, III. 419 sqq. ; IV. 35 sqq. 
 
 THE VANDALS 
 
 In Pannonia, Gaul and Spain 
 
 Myers, 17. 
 
 Allen, 317-324. 
 
 Fisher, 206-208. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 35-36. 
 
 Duruy, 18-19, 21. 
 
 Church, 14. 
 
 Andrews, 112 (note). 
 
 Ploetz, 170-172. 
 
 Sheppard, 352-370. 
 
 Larned, V. 3594-3595 ; II. 1412 ; IV. 
 
 2973. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 38. 
 Gibbon, I. 523; II. 340; III. 332, 
 
 340, 499. 
 
BARBARIAN MIGRATIONS. 
 
 THE VANDALS (continued) 
 
 In Africa 4 
 
 Myers, 17-18. 
 Myers (Rome), 170. 
 Allen, 329-330. 
 Fisher, 208. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 36-38. 
 Duruy, 22-23, 26. 
 Church, 17-20, 24-25. 
 Lewis, 38, 46, 51. 
 Henderson, 22, 28. 
 Sheppard, 371-405, 249 sqq. 
 Ploetz, 172. 
 Oman, 7-12. 
 Taylor, 53-54. 
 Thatcher, 29-30. 
 
 Lamed, IV. 2734 ; V. 3595-3596. 
 Ridpath, II. 38, 67-70 ; I. 901. 
 Gibbon, III. 501, 505, 510, 602, 628, 
 697. 
 
 THE BURGUNDIANS 
 
 In " Burgundy " . 
 
 Myers, 16, 30, 31. 
 
 Allen, 322. 
 
 Fisher, 201, 208. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 39-40. 
 
 Duruy, 19, 30-31. 
 
 Church, 14-15, 33, 55. 
 
 Lewis, 59, 63. 
 
 Henderson, 22. 
 
 Sheppard, 423-430. 
 
 Jervis, 24, 26. 
 
 Thatcher, 30-31. 
 
 Lamed, I. 328-329. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 41. 
 
 Gibbon, III. 56, 332, 438 ; IV. 19, 26. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE HUNS 
 
 Early Migrations 
 
 Myers (Rome), 158-159. 
 
 Allen, 318-319. 
 
 Fisher, 204. 
 
 Emerton (In trod.), 41. 
 
 Duruy, 14-17. 
 
 Church, 8-9, 20. 
 
 Lewis, 33-35. 
 
 Sheppard, 142-158. 
 
 Ploetz, 170. 
 
 Taylor, 47-50. 
 
 Thatcher, 31. 
 
 Larned, II. 1556 ; III. 1687. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 47 ; I. 897. 
 
 Gibbon, III. 113 sqq. 
 
 Attila 
 
 Battle of Chalons (451) 
 
 Myers (Rome), 168-169. 
 Allen, 332-335. 
 Fisher, 209-210. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 42-47. 
 Duruy, 23-25. 
 Church, 21-24. 
 Lewis, 39-42. 
 Henderson, 23. 
 Adams, 71. 
 Sheppard, 189, 212. 
 Ploetz, 173. 
 Jervis, 28. 
 Taylor, 50-53. 
 Thatcher, 32. 
 Larned, III. 1687-1690. 
 Gibbon, III. 518 sqq. 
 Ridpath, I. 899. 
 
BARBARIAN MIGRATIONS. 
 
 THE OSTROGOTHS 
 
 Early History 
 Invasion of Italy (490) 
 Theodoric 
 
 Myers, 13-15. 
 Myers (Rome), 159, 160. 
 Allen, 318, 320, 335. 
 Fisher, 201, 204, 211-212. 
 Emerton (In trod.), 25, 52-56. 
 Duruy, 33-38. 
 Church, 33-34, 36. 
 Lewis, 30, 44-50. 
 Thalheimer, 17, 21. 
 Henderson, 25-26. 
 Adams, 73-74. 
 Sheppard, 281-302. 
 Ploetz, 174. 
 Oman, 12-28, 32. 
 Taylor, 55-59. 
 Thatcher, 32-35. 
 
 Larned, II. 1560 ; IV. 2738-2739. 
 Ridpath, II. 52-57. 
 I Gibbon, IV. 102 sqq. 
 
 Conquered by Justinian * 
 
 Myers, 15. 
 Fisher, 219-220. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 56-57. 
 Duruy, 48. 
 Church, 39. 
 Lewis, 50-52. 
 Thalheimer, 22-23. 
 Henderson, 27-28. 
 Adams, 75. 
 Sheppard, 304-308. 
 Taylor, 59-62. 
 Thatcher, 36. 
 Larned, IV. 2741. 
 Ridpath, II. 57-61. 
 Gibbon, IV. 373-401. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE LOMBARDS 
 
 In Italy 
 Alboin 
 
 Myers, 22. 
 
 Fisher, 220. 
 
 Ernerton (Introd.), 57-59. 
 
 Duruy, 38-39. 
 
 Church, 40-42. 
 
 Lewis, 46, 53-55. 
 
 Hallam, 12. 
 
 Thalheimer, 23-24. 
 
 Henderson, 35-36. 
 
 Adams, 75-76. 
 
 Bryce, 27, 35. 
 
 Sheppard, 308-316. 
 
 Ploetz, 175. 
 
 Oman, 181-186. 
 
 Thatcher, 50-51. 
 
 Lamed, III. 2032-2033. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 38, 61-64. 
 
 Gibbon, IV. 309 sqq., 529, 545, 550. 
 
 Conquered by Charlemagne < 
 
 Myers, 23. 
 
 Fisher, 236. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 181-189. 
 
 Duruy, 123-124. 
 
 Church, 42-44. 
 
 Lewis, 83. 
 
 Hallam, 13. 
 
 Thalheimer, 35. 
 
 Henderson, 51, 57-59. 
 
 Adams, 152 sqq. 
 
 Bryce, 39. 
 
 Andrews, 132-133. 
 
 Sheppard, 337-342. 
 
 Larned, III. 2033 ; IV. 2433. 
 
BARBARIAN MIGRATIONS. 
 
 THE FRANKS (A.D. 481-768) 
 THE MEROVINGIANS 
 
 Early History 
 
 Clovis 
 
 The Salic Law 
 
 ( Myers, 18-20. 
 ' Fisher, 213. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 24, 62-68. 
 
 Emerton, 44-45. 
 
 Duruy, 28-32. 
 
 Church, 15, 32, 55 sqq., 83-86. 
 
 Lewis, 56-61. 
 
 Hallam, 8, 71, 78, 145. 
 
 Thalheimer, 18-19. 
 
 Henderson, 29-34. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 176-189. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 21-24. 
 
 Bryce, 32-33. 
 
 Adams, 137-146. 
 
 Jervis, 29-36. 
 
 Oman, 55-64. 
 
 Taylor,71-72. 
 
 Tliatcher, 36, 52. 
 
 Larned, II. 1397-1399 ; IV. 2793-2794. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 70-76. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 67-78. 
 
 Guizot, I. 102-123. 
 
 Successors 
 
 Austrasia and Neustria 
 
 f Myers, 20-21. 
 ' Fisher, 214. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 68-71. 
 
 Duruy, 32-33, 54-61. 
 
 Church, 86-89. 
 
 Lewis, 61-68. 
 
 Hallam, 9-11. 
 
 Thalheimer, 19-20. 
 
 Henderson, 35-39. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 24-27. 
 
 Andrews, 126-127. 
 
 Adams, 146-148. 
 
 Jervis, 39-46. 
 
 Stilte, 70-73. 
 
 Oman, 111-127, 158-180. 
 
 Taylor, 73-79. 
 
 Thatcher, 53-54. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Successors 
 
 Austrasia and Neustria 
 
 Larned, II. 1399-1400 
 Ridpath, II. 70-78. 
 Guizot, I. 124-142. 
 Kitchin, I. 79-90. 
 
 I. 195, 273. 
 
 MAYORS OF THE PALACE f Myers, 21. 
 
 Fisher, 214. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 72, 115-123, 127- 
 
 134. 
 
 Duruy, 60-68, 105-108, 118. 
 Church, 87-94. 
 Lewis, 69-71, 119-125. 
 Hallam, 11, 72. 
 Thalheimer, 20. 
 Henderson, 39-45. 
 Montgomery, 27-28. 
 Andrews, 128. 
 Adams, 149-151. 
 Jervis, 46-55. 
 Stille", 62-69. 
 Oman, 256-271, 289-299. 
 Taylor, 80-88. 
 Thatcher, 54-55. 
 Larned, II. 1400; III. 2119. 
 Ridpath, II. 78-80. 
 Guizot, I. 143-159. 
 I Kitchin, I. 91-111. 
 
 Pepin of Landen, Pepin of 
 
 Heristal, 
 Charles Martel (714-741) 
 
 Pepin the Short (741-768) 
 Donation of Pepin 
 First of the Carolingians 
 
 Myers, 108-109. 
 
 Fisher, 234. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 151-178. 
 
 Duruy, 118-121. 
 
 Church, 94-98, 117-118. 
 
 Lewis, 71-73. 
 
 Hallam, 12. 
 
 Thalheimer, 33-34. 
 
 Henderson, 49-55. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 29-30. 
 
BA EBA RIA N MIGRA Tl ONS. 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Pepin the Short (741-768) 
 Donation of Pepin 
 First of the Carolingians 
 
 Bryce, 34-39. 
 Andrews, 132. 
 Adams, 151-154. 
 Stille", 74-84. 
 Oman, 322-334. 
 Taylor, 88-91. 
 Thatcher, 55. 
 Larned, II. 1400. 
 Ridpath, II. 153-155. 
 Guizot, I. 159-166. 
 Kitchin, I. 111-114. 
 
 THE SAXONS 
 
 ,Jutes, Saxons, and Angles in 
 
 Britain 
 King Arthur 
 
 Myers, 23-25. 
 Fisher, 215. 
 Duruy, 40-42. 
 Church, 62-68. 
 Church (A. J.), 60-66. 
 Lewis, 39. 
 Hume, 19-29. 
 Montgomery (Ei g.), 31-35. 
 Green (Sh. II.), 7-12. 
 Berard, 20-23. 
 Stone, 12-13. 
 Towle, 9-15. 
 Guest, 44-50. 
 Gardiner, 26-37. 
 Thalheimer, 18-22. 
 Thatcher, 36-39. 
 Larned, II. 779-782. 
 Stubbs, I. 63-66. 
 I Ridpath, II. 81-86. 
 
10 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE SAXONS (continued) 
 
 Introduction of Christianity 
 by Augustine 
 
 Myers, 31-33. 
 Fisher, 215-216. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 110-111. 
 Church, 69-72. 
 Church (A. J.), 67-82. 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 35-38. 
 Thalheimer, 22-23. 
 Green (Sh. H.), 17-22, 30-31. 
 Berard, 23-25. 
 Stone, 14-15. 
 Towle, 15-17. 
 Guest, 51-55. 
 Gardiner, 38-40, 46. 
 Hume, 30-33. 
 t Lamed, II. 782-783. 
 
 The Celtic Church 
 Council of Whitby (664) 
 
 ' Myers, 33-36. 
 Emerton, 113. 
 Church, 191. 
 Montgomery, 38. 
 Green (Sh. H.), 23-24, 29. 
 Towle, 16-19. 
 Gardiner, 47-50. 
 Guest, 56-59. 
 
 Walpole (Hist, of Ir.), 11-13. 
 Thatcher, 39-42. 
 Larned, I. 688 ; III. 1755-1756. 
 Green, I. 45-57. 
 
THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE EAST. 
 
 11 
 
 THE SAXONS (continued) 
 
 f Myers, 26, 37-39. 
 Montgomery, 39. 
 Thalheimer, 24-25. 
 Green (Sh. H.), 27-28, 40, 43-44. 
 Stone, 17-21. 
 Towle, 18-19. 
 
 Literature 
 
 Egbert, First King of the { Guest, 62-64. 
 
 English (828-839) i Gardiner, 51-52, 54. 
 
 Hume, 34-39. 
 Thatcher, 95-96. 
 Green, I. 71-78. 
 Lamed, II. 785. 
 I Ridpath, II. 88-89. 
 
 THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE EAST. 
 
 The Empire from 474-527 
 
 A.D. 
 
 Myers, 61. 
 
 Fisher, 217-218. 
 
 Duruy, 43-45. 
 
 Church, 98-100. 
 
 Thalheimer, 25. 
 
 Oman, 37-52. 
 
 Thatcher, 43. 
 
 Larned, IV. 2740. 
 
 Ridpath, I. 905-906. 
 
 Gibbon, III. 656-657; IV. 145. 
 
 JUSTINIAN (A.D. 527-565) 
 
 Conquest of Africa and Italy 
 Belisarius, Narses 
 
 Myers, 61-66. 
 Fisher, 218-220. 
 Duruy, 45-48. 
 Church, 101-107. 
 Adams, 74-75. 
 Ploetz, 174, 190, 210. 
 Joy (Chaut. Series), 220 sqq. 
 Oman, 53, 65 sqq. 
 Larned, IV. 2740-2742. 
 Gibbon, IV. 143 sqq., 222 sqq., 263 sqq. 
 I Ridpath, I. 907-908. 
 
12 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 JUSTINIAN (continued) 
 
 Laws, Industries, Improve- 
 ments, etc. 
 
 Myers, 66-70. 
 
 Fisher, 220. 
 
 Duruy, 49-50. 
 
 Myers (Rome), 213-214. 
 
 Sheldon, 267. 
 
 Adams, 31-37. 
 
 Wilson, 141-142, 168. 
 
 Swinton, 221. 
 
 Thatcher, 44-47. 
 
 Gibbon, IV. 180 sqq., 220 sqq., 427 sqq. 
 
 Ridpath, I. 909-910. 
 
 SUCCESSORS OF JUSTIN- 
 IAN 
 
 Heraclius (610-641) 
 Wars with Chosroes and the 
 Saracens 
 
 Myers, 70-76. 
 Fisher, 222. 
 Duruy, 51-53. 
 Church, 107-109. 
 Thalheimer, 27-28. 
 Ploetz, 191-192. 
 Stille", 107-112. 
 Oman, 145 sqq., 204-212. 
 Larned, IV. 2742-2744. 
 Gibbon, IV. 595 sqq , 628. 
 L Ridpath, I. 912-913. 
 
 Leo III. the Isaurian (717- 
 
 741) 
 The Inconoclastic Controversy 
 
 Myers, 76, 140-141. 
 Fisher, 222. 
 Duruy, 262. 
 Church, 110 sqq. 
 Emerton, 65-66. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 223. 
 Thalheimer, 29. 
 Bryce, 36. 
 
 Oman, 255, 281-285, 300-320. 
 Larned, IV. 2744. 
 Alzog, II. 207 sqq. 
 Gibbon, V. 30-31, 106-116. 
 I Ridpath, I. 915-918. 
 
THE SARACENS. 
 
 13 
 
 THE SARACENS. 
 
 THE ARABS 
 
 Early History 
 Religion 
 
 MOHAMMED (A.D. 569-632) 
 
 Early Life 
 
 Religious Meditations 
 
 Myers, 77-78. 
 Fisher, 223-224. 
 Duruy, 71-77. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 122. 
 Thalheimer, 30. 
 Andrews, 217. 
 
 Crichton, 45, 83 sqq., 152 sqq. 
 Freeman, 21-30. 
 Wollaston, 1-28. 
 Koelle, 17 sqq. 
 Sheppard, 567-578. 
 Thatcher, 185. 
 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 
 Larned, I. 121-123 ; IV. 2803. 
 Gibbon, V. 176-202. 
 Ridpath, II. 96. 
 
 Myers, 78-79. 
 Fisher, 224. 
 Duruy, 77-79. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 123. 
 Andrews, 218. 
 Crichton, 198-227. 
 Freeman, 31-36. 
 Dunn, 21-28. 
 Koelle, 36-48. 
 Wollaston, 29-44. 
 Hallam, 302-303. 
 Thalheimer, 30. 
 Sheppard, 592-593. 
 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 Oman, 213-214. 
 Thatcher, 186-187. 
 Larned, III. 2067. 
 Ridpath, II. 91-94. 
 I Gibbon, V. 203-214, 230-234. 
 
14 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 MOHAMMED (continued) 
 
 The Hegira (622) 
 The Medinian Period 
 " Islam shall conquer 
 by the sword " 
 
 Myers, 80-81. 
 Fisher, 225. 
 Duruy, 79-80. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 123-124. 
 Freeman, 37 sqq. 
 Dunn, 29-31. 
 Koelle, 107-115. 
 Wollaston, 44-62. 
 Crichton, 228-252. 
 Sheppard, 593-594. 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 
 Thatcher, 187-188. 
 Larned, III, 2067-2068 ; II. 984. 
 Ridpath, II. 94-95. 
 Gibbon, V. 234-252. 
 
 Foreign Conquests 
 Character 
 
 Myers, 81-83. 
 Fisher, 226. 
 Duruy, 81. 
 Freeman, 55 sqq. 
 Dunn, 32. 
 
 Koelle, 115 sqq., 375-383, 422-434. 
 Wollaston, 62-68. 
 Crichton, 252-272. 
 Sheppard, 585-586, 594-595. 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 Oman, 215-216. 
 Thatcher, 189-190. 
 Larned, III. 2068. 
 Ridpath, II. 95-96. 
 Gibbon, V. 252-265. 
 
THE SARACENS. 
 
 15 
 
 MOHAMMED (continued) 
 
 The Koran, Creed, 
 Religious Duties and Require- 
 ments 
 
 Myers, 83-84. 
 Fisher, 226. 
 Duruy, 81-84. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 124-125. 
 Andrews, 220. 
 Sheldon, 276-279. 
 Crichton, 273-304. 
 Dunn, 33-44. 
 Wollaston, 139 sqq. 
 Thalheimer, 30. 
 Sheppard, 579-584. 
 Irving, W. , ' ' Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 
 Larned, III. 1803. 
 Ridpath, II. 97-99. 
 Gibbon, V. 215-229. 
 
 THE CALIPHS 
 
 Abubekr (632-634) 
 Omar (634-644) 
 Conquest of Syria, Persia, and 
 Egypt 
 
 Myers, 85-90. 
 Fisher, 227. 
 Duruy, 84-85. 
 Hallam, 303. 
 Sheldon, 279-280. 
 Freeman, 66-70, 77-86. 
 Dunn, 45-86. 
 Wollaston, 69-90. 
 Crichton, 305-350. 
 Ploetz, 182. 
 Andrews, 221. 
 
 Sheppard, 596-597, 604-609. 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 Oman, 217-220. 
 Thatcher, 191. 
 Larned, III. 2068-2070. 
 Ridpath, II. 100-120. 
 Gibbon, V. 272-274, 294-364. 
 
16 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE CALIPHS (continued) 
 
 Othman (644-655) 
 
 All (655-661) 
 
 The Ommiades (661-750) 
 
 Conquests in Asia and Africa 
 
 Myers, 89, 92-96. 
 Fisher, 228. 
 Duruy, 87-88. 
 Thalheimer, 31. 
 
 Freeman, 70-72, 86 sqq., 94 sqq. 
 Dunn, 92-106. 
 Wollaston, 90-108. 
 Crichton, 360-382. 
 Ploetz, 182. 
 
 Sheppard, 597-600, 610-612. 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 
 Lamed, III. 2070-2071, 2075. 
 Ridpath, II. 120-132. 
 L Gibbon, V. 364-378. 
 
 The Saracens in Spain and 
 
 Gaul 
 Battle of Tours (732) 
 
 Myers, 96-100. 
 Fisher, 228. 
 Duruy, 89-90. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 126-129. 
 Andrews, 224. 
 Thalheimer, 31-32. 
 Freeman, 132 sqq. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 27-28. 
 Crichton, 383-409. 
 Ploetz, 183. 
 Henderson, 41-43. 
 Jervis, 53-54. 
 Sheppard, 612-614. 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 cessors." 
 
 Larned, III. 2072 ; IV. 2974-2975. 
 Ridpath, II. 148-152. 
 Gibbon, V. 378-405, 423-436. 
 Kitchin, I. 102-103. 
 Guizot, I. 148-155. 
 
THE EMPIRE IN THE WEST. 
 
 17 
 
 THE CALIPHS (continued) 
 
 The Abbassides 
 Golden Age of the Caliphate 
 The Caliphates of Bagdad, 
 Cordova, and Cairo 
 
 Myers, 100-106. 
 
 Fisher, 229-232. 
 
 Duruy, 91-104. 
 
 Hallam, 304-307. 
 
 Andrews, 229-231. 
 
 Swinton, 281-284. 
 
 Adams, 260-261. 
 
 Freeman, 94-112. 
 
 Dunn, 107-111. 
 
 Wollaston, 109-138. 
 
 Sheppard, 600-604. 
 
 Irving, W., "Mahomet and his Suc- 
 
 Larned, III. 2075-2077. 
 I Gibbon, V. 436 sqq. 
 
 THE EMPIRE IN THE WEST. 
 
 THE FRANKS 
 
 THE CAROLINGIANS 
 
 Charlemagne (768-814) 
 Accession 
 
 Campaign against the Lom- 
 bards 
 
 Myers, 110. 
 
 Fisher, 235. 
 
 Duruy, 122-124. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 180-189. 
 
 Church, 118-121, 124-126. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 31-32. 
 
 Lewis, 82-84. 
 
 Hallam, 13. 
 
 Bryce, 38-40. 
 
 Henderson, 56-61. 
 
 Ploetz, 184. 
 
 Jervis, 63-65. 
 
 Adams, 154 sqq. 
 
 Andrews, 137. 
 
 Sheppard, 496-497, 506-508. 
 
 Oman, 335-338, 346-349. 
 
 Taylor, 92, 93-94. 
 
 Thatcher, 55. 
 
 Larned, II. 1401 ; III. 2033. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 155-158. 
 
18 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 Campaign against the Lom- 
 bards 
 
 Against the Saxons, Saracens, 
 and others 
 
 Coronation at Rome, Dec. 
 
 25th, 800 A.D. 
 Its significance 
 
 Alzog, II. 142, 146. 
 Gibbon, V. 125-126. 
 Guizot, I. 167, 174-178. 
 L Kitchin, I. 115, 125-126. 
 
 f Myers, 110-111. 
 Fisher, 235-236. 
 Duruy, 124-128. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 189-213. 
 Church, 121-124. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 32-35. 
 Lewis, 84-89. 
 Hallam, 13-14, 72. 
 Bryce, 45. 
 Henderson, 62-70. 
 Ploetz, 185. 
 Adams, 157 sqq. 
 Sheppard, 497-505, 508-515. 
 Jervis, 65-70. 
 Guerber, 129-151. 
 Oman, 349-368. 
 Taylor, 94-98. 
 Thatcher, 56. 
 
 Larned, II. 1401 ; IV. 2811. 
 Ridpath, II. 158-166. 
 Gibbon, V. 148-153. 
 Guizot, I. 167-172, 179-182. 
 Kitchin, I. 123-125, 126-128, 131. 
 
 ( Myers, 111-113. 
 ' Fisher, 236-237. 
 
 Duruy, 130-132. 
 
 Church, 126-129. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 214-219. 
 
 Emerton, 6-7. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 37. 
 
 Lewis, 91-92. 
 
 Hallam, 14-15, 73. 
 
 Bryce, 45-61. 
 
 Henderson, 71-76. 
 
 Adams, 164-169. 
 
THE EMPIRE IN THE WEST. 
 
 19 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Coronation at Rome, Dec. 
 
 25th, 800 A.D. 
 Its significance 
 
 Andrews, 137-138. 
 Jervis, 70-72. 
 Oman, 369-377. 
 Taylor, 98-99. 
 Thatcher, 57-61. 
 Larned, II. 142 ; V. 3800. 
 Ridpath, II. 167. 
 Alzog, II. 147-152. 
 Gibbon, V. 141. 
 Kitchin, I. 128-130. 
 Guizot, I. 183. 
 
 Myers, 113-114. 
 
 Fisher, 237-238. 
 
 Duruy, 129, 133-135. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 219-227, 232-235. 
 
 Emerton, 3-13. 
 
 Church, 129-139, 143-144. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 36, 38^40. 
 
 Lewis, 89-91 , 93-94. 
 
 Hallam, 14, 113-114. 
 
 Bryce, 61-69. 
 
 Henderson, 77-79. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 170-171, 189-201. 
 
 Extent of the Empire 
 
 Government, Capitularies | Adams, 154-163. 
 1 Andrews, 138-142. 
 
 Ploetz, 186. 
 
 Jervis, 70-72. 
 
 Sheppard, 515-518. 
 
 Oman, 344-345, 378. 
 
 Taylor, 100-102. 
 
 Thatcher, 61-63. 
 
 Larned, II. 1402. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 168-171. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 134-149. 
 
 Guizot, I. 185-201. 
 
20 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Education, School of 
 Palace, Alcuin 
 
 the 
 
 Character of Charlemagne 
 
 f Fisher, 238. 
 Duruy, 135-137. 
 Einerton (Introd.), 227-232. 
 Church, 140-143. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 40-41. 
 Lewis, 97. 
 
 Hallam, 573-577, 650. 
 Henderson, 79-81. 
 Adams, 163-164. 
 Andrews, 142-144. 
 Swinton, 238. 
 Jervis, 73-74. 
 Sheppard, 519-520. 
 Oman, 379-381. 
 Thatcher, 63-64. 
 Larned, I. 689 ; IV. 2836. 
 Ridpath, II. 172-175. 
 Gibbon, V. 146-147. 
 Guizot, I. 196-198. 
 
 { Myers, 114-115. 
 Fisher, 238. 
 Duruy, 139-140. 
 Church, 144-147. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 41-43. 
 Lewis, 95-98. 
 Hallam, 15. 
 Bryce, 70-73. 
 Swinton, 239. 
 Jervis, 74-78. 
 Sheppard, 521-527. 
 Oman, 339-344, 382. 
 Taylor, 93. 
 Thatcher, 64-67. 
 
 Bulfinch, " Legends of Charlemagne. 1 ' 
 Larned, II. 1403. 
 Ridpath, II. 171. 
 Gibbon, V. 144, 147. 
 Guizot, I. 167, 200. 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 70-71. 
 Kitchin, I. 116-122, 132-133. 
 
THE EMPIRE IN THE WEST. 
 
 21 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 THE SUCCESSORS OF 
 CHARLEMAGNE 
 
 Louis the Pious (814-840) 
 Division of 817 
 Charles the Bald 
 The Field of Lies 
 Battle of Fontenoy 
 Treaty of Verdun (843) 
 
 C Myers, 116. 
 
 Fisher, 241-242. 
 
 Duruy, 141-147. 
 
 Church, 150-157, 161-163. 
 
 Emerton, 14-28. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 42. 
 
 Lewis, 100-104. 
 
 Hallam, 16-18, 325. 
 
 Bryce, 74-75. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 201-206. 
 
 Henderson, 82-102. 
 
 Thalheimer, 37-39. 
 
 Adams, 170 sqq. 
 
 Jervis, 75-84. 
 
 Oman, 383-412. 
 
 Taylor, 103-109. 
 
 Thatcher, 68-71. 
 
 Larned, II. 1403, 1437, 1438 ; V. 3615. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 176-182. 
 
 Gibbon, V. 153-154. 
 
 Guizot, I. 204, 205, 212-220. 
 L Kitchin, I. 150-158. 
 
 THE GERMAN LINE OF 
 THE CAROLINGIANS 
 
 Lewis the German 
 Partition of Meersen (870) 
 Charles the Fat 
 Invasion of the Northmen 
 
 ( Myers, 322. 
 
 Fisher, 242. 
 
 Duruy, 150, 154, 187. 
 
 Church, 157-162. 
 
 Emerton, 29-35. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 49. 
 
 Lewis, 104-109. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 206-207. 
 
 Henderson, 103-112. 
 
 Jervis, 92. 
 
 Taylor, 110-112. 
 
 Oman, 424-433. 
 
 Thatcher, 72-74. 
 
 Larned, II. 1438. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 191-192. 
 
 Guizot, I. 205, 208. 
 ^Kitchin, 1/166-167. 
 
22 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Arnulf of Carinthia 
 Battle on the Dyle 
 Lewis III, the Child (900-911) 
 Hungarian Invasions 
 
 ' Myers, 322. 
 Fisher, 242. 
 Duruy, 188-190. 
 Church, 162, 165. 
 Emerton, 36-40, 90-100. 
 Lewis, 109-117. 
 Hallam, 271. 
 Henderson, 112-116. 
 Taylor, 113-115. 
 Oman, 443, 464, 468-^74. 
 Thatcher, 82. 
 Adams, 177-178. 
 Kidpath, II. 192. 
 
 THE FRENCH LINE OF 
 THE CAROLINGIANS 
 
 Charles the Bald 
 
 Charles the Fat 
 
 Charles III, the Simple (898- 
 
 922) 
 Rollo in Normandy 
 
 Myers, 134. 
 Fisher, 241-242. 
 Duruy, 148-155, 171-172. 
 Emerton, 22-25, 37, 401-409. 
 Church, 164-168, 172-174. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 50. 
 Lewis, 106-111. 
 Hallam, 17-23. 
 Henderson, 109-112. 
 Bryce, 74-76, 435. 
 Thalheimer, 46-47. 
 Jervis, 78-97. 
 Johnson, 35-37, 39-41. 
 Oman, 434-445, 496-505. 
 Thatcher, 75-76. 
 Lamed, II. 1157 ; IV. 2369. 
 Ridpath, II. 185-188. 
 Kitchin, I. 163-174. 
 Guizot, I. 205, 208-209. 
 
 Hugh the Great, and Hugh 
 
 Capet, Counts of France 
 
 Louis D'Outremer (936-954) 
 
 C Fisher, 242-243. 
 Duruy, 172-174. 
 Church, 172-174. 
 Emerton, 409^14. 
 Lewis, 130, 132. 
 Hallam, 24. 
 
FEUDALISM. 
 
 23 
 
 THE FRANKS (continued) 
 
 Lothaire (954-986) 
 
 Louis V, Le Faineant (986- 
 
 987) 
 The Last of the Carolingians 
 
 Bryce, 138. 
 ThalheimeP, 47-48. 
 Henderson, 146, 147. 
 Jervis, 97-101. 
 Johnson, 42, 46, 58-63. 
 Thatcher, 77-78. 
 Larned, II. 1158. 
 Ridpath, II. 189-190. 
 Guizot, I. 227-238. 
 Kitchin, I. 175-178. 
 
 FEUDALISM. 
 
 Origin 
 Feudal Tenure 
 
 Myers, 147-152. 
 
 Fisher, 255-256. 
 
 Duruy, 200-202, 305 sqq. 
 
 Hallam, 76-97. 
 
 Thalheimer, 44-45. 
 
 Emerton, 478-486. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 236-248. 
 
 Swinton, 241-242. 
 
 Andrews, 175-186. 
 
 Adams, 194-217. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 44-45. 
 
 Johnson, 96-99.' 
 
 Lewis, 21, 65. 
 
 Jervis, 129. 
 
 Wilson, 150-156. 
 
 Thatcher, 114-117. 
 
 Larned, II. 1019-1020, 1116-1117; V. 
 
 3745-3746. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 223-226. 
 Guizot, I. 231-232. 
 Stubbs, I. 170, 273-276. 
 Kitchin, I. 81-82, 167 sqq., 235-236. 
 "Andover Review," VIII. 366-375, 
 
 375-378. 
 
24 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 FEUDALISM (continued) 
 
 Feudal Classes 
 Extension of the System 
 
 Myers, 153-157. 
 Fisher, 256-257. 
 Duruy, 202-211, 392. 
 Hallam, 97 sqq. 
 Thalheimer, 43. 
 Emerton, 486-506. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 248-252. 
 Swinton, 243-244. 
 Andrews, 186-188, 196-201. 
 Adams, 217-222. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 45-47. 
 Johnson, 100-103. 
 Lewis, 93 sqq. 
 Jervis, 133-134. 
 Henderson, 422-423. 
 Wilson, 156-158, 161. 
 Thatcher, 118-125. 
 Larned, II. 1117-1118. 
 Ridpath, II. 226-232. 
 Guizot, I. 233-234. 
 Stubbs, I. 277-278. 
 Kitchin, I. 237 sqq. 
 I Alzog, II. 132 sqq., 337 sqq. 
 
 Decay, Defects, and Advan- 
 tages of the System 
 
 Myers, 157-161. 
 Fisher, 258. 
 Duruy, 211-215, 438. 
 Hallam, 135-145. 
 Emerton, 502-508. 
 Emerton (Introd.), 252-255. 
 Andrews, 192-196. 
 Adams, 222-226. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 47-48. 
 Johnson, 103-106. 
 Swinton, 244-246. 
 Jervis, 134-135, 166. 
 Wilson, 158-161, 162-166. 
 Thatcher, 128. 
 Seebohm, 16-21. 
 I Ridpath, II. 232-233. 
 
CHIVALRY. 
 
 25 
 
 CHIVALRY. 
 
 Origin ^ 
 Orders 
 
 Myers, 161-164. 
 Fisher, 286 a. 
 Duruy, 230-231. 
 Hallam, 634-642. 
 Adams, 276. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 56-57. 
 Johnson, 102-103. 
 Lewis, 217-219. 
 Henderson, 424-425. 
 Swinton, 267-269. 
 Cox, 46-48. 
 Thatcher, 126. 
 Larned, I. 430. 
 Ridpath, II. 239-240. 
 Guizot, I. 258-261. 
 Michaud, III. 294-296. 
 Kitchin, I. 243-245. 
 
 Tournaments 
 Decline of Chivalry <j 
 Results 
 
 Myers, 164-168. 
 Fisher, 286 b. 
 Hallam, 643-648. 
 Adams, 277-278. 
 Johnson, 106-107. 
 Henderson, 425. 
 Swinton, 269-271. 
 Cox, 48. 
 Larned, I. 431. 
 Ridpath, II. 241. 
 Michaud, III. 296-301. 
 Kitchin, I. 246-248, 422. 
 Guizot, I. 261-264. 
 
26 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE NORTHMEN. 
 
 Settlements in Scotland, Ire- 
 land, Greenland, and Rus- 
 sia 
 
 Literature 
 
 Myers, 118-124. 
 
 Fisher, 246-248. 
 
 Duruy, 164-166. 
 
 Thalheimer, 43, 50. 
 
 Johnson, 15-20, 22-31. 
 
 Green (C. of E.), 48-64. 
 
 Keary, C. F., "Vikings in Western 
 
 Christendom." 
 Lamed, III. 1756; IV. 2366, 2368, 
 
 2370, 2755. 
 Guizot, I. 202, 203. 
 
 King Alfred and the Danes 
 The Works of King Alfred 
 
 Myers, 124-128. 
 Fisher, 247. 
 Duruy, 159-162. 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 40-42. 
 Hallam, 384-385. 
 Thalheimer, 47. 
 Swinton, 298. 
 Hume, 43-48. 
 Johnson, 20-22. 
 Guest, 64-82. 
 Gardiner, 55-62. 
 Green, 44-53. 
 Green (C. of E.), 124-180. 
 Hughes, T., "Life of Alfred, 1 
 Thatcher, 96-98. 
 Lamed, II. 785-787. 
 Ridpath, II. 197-207. 
 [ Bright, I. 7-10. 
 
THE NORTHMEN. 
 
 27 
 
 THE NORTHMEN (continued] 
 
 Policy of the Successors of 
 Alfred toward the Danes 
 
 Swend, King Canute (1016- 
 1035) 
 
 Myers, 129-132. 
 Fisher, 248. 
 Duruy, 162-164. 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 43-45. 
 Hallam, 385 sqq., 401. 
 Gardiner, 62-64, 79-86. 
 Hume, 48-61. 
 Johnson, 89. 
 Guest, 83-85, 108-119. 
 Green, 54-67. 
 Thatcher, 98-100. 
 Bright, I. 10-21. 
 Larned, II. 787-790. 
 Eidpath, II. 207-217. 
 Stubbs, I. 215 sqq. 
 
 Edward the Confessor 
 Harold II. 
 
 Myers, 132-133. 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 45-47. 
 Thalheimer, 43-48. 
 Gardiner, 86-91. 
 Green, 67-70. 
 Guest, 120-129. 
 Berard, 36-37. 
 Hume, 61-69. 
 Towle, 48-53. 
 Thatcher, 101. 
 Bright, I. 21-24. 
 Ridpath, II. 218-222. 
 Stubbs, I. 222, 330. 
 Larned, II. 790. 
 
MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE NORTHMEN (continued) C 
 
 Invasions of the 9th Century 
 
 RoUo 
 
 Normandy between 927 and 
 
 1035 
 The Northmen in Italy 
 
 Myers, 135, 170. 
 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 48-51. 
 
 Fisher, 247, 253-254. 
 
 Duruy, 156-158, 236. 
 
 Emerton, 223-229, 407 sqq. 
 
 Lewis, 113, 148, 153. 
 
 Hallam, 22-23, 152-154. 
 
 Thalheimer, 46-47, 49. 
 
 Swinton, 297. 
 
 Johnson, 32-90. 
 
 Jervis, 90-96, 112-113. 
 
 Green, 71-74. 
 
 Guest, 130-131. 
 
 Thatcher, 102-105, 110-113. 
 
 Larned, III. 1809 ; IV. 2365, 2369. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 180-182, 184-188. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 166, 172-174. 
 
 Guizot, I. 205-210. 
 
 William of Normandy (1035- 
 
 1087) 
 
 Early Years 
 Invasion of England 
 Battles of Stamford Bridge 
 
 and Hastings (1066) 
 
 Myers, 171-173. 
 
 Fisher, 250, 289. 
 
 Duruy, 180-183. 
 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 58-62. 
 
 Thalheimer, 49. 
 
 Gardiner, 86-100. 
 
 Green, 74-81. 
 
 Hume, 77-86. 
 
 Johnson, 90-96, 123-143. 
 
 Guest, 132-135. 
 
 Jervis, 113-115. 
 
 Thatcher, 106-107. 
 
 Bright, I. 24-27, 40^47. 
 
 Larned, II. 791-793. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 259-264. 
 
 Stubbs, I. 315-320, 278 sqq., 304 sqq. 
 
THE NORTHMEN. 
 
 29 
 
 THE NORTHMEN (continued) f 
 
 Distribution of the Land 
 Domesday Book, Curfew, and 
 
 Other Laws 
 William II. Rufus (1087- 
 
 1100) 
 St. Anselm 
 
 Myers, 174-177. 
 
 Fisher, 251-253, 289-290. 
 
 Duruy, 183-186, 341-343. 
 
 Montgomery (Eng.), -61-72. 
 
 Hallam, 408-416, 440. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 7-9. 
 
 Gardiner, 101-122. 
 
 Green, 81-90. 
 
 Hume, 87-97. 
 
 Guest, 140-155. 
 
 Johnson, 143-148, 160-174, 183-211. 
 
 Thatcher, 108-109, 238. 
 
 Bright, I. 45-62. 
 
 Lamed, II. 793-796. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 266-281. 
 
 Stubbs, I. 320-328. 
 
 Henry I. (1100-1135) 
 
 Charters 
 
 Stephen of Blois (1135-1154) - 
 
 Difficulty with Matilda 
 
 Treaty of Wallingford (1153) 
 
 Myers, 178. 
 Fisher, 290-291. 
 Duruy, 343-346. 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 73-77. 
 Gardiner, 122-137. 
 Green, 90-104. 
 Johnson, 211-234. 
 Hume, 97-106. 
 Guest, 155-161. 
 Berard, 66-68. 
 Stone, 54-56. 
 Thatcher, 238-239. 
 Bright, I. 70-88. 
 Lamed, II. 796-798. 
 Stubbs, I. 328-364. 
 
30 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE RISE OF THE PAPACY. 
 
 Organization of the Early 
 Churches 
 
 The Four Patriarchates 
 
 The Barbarians and the Bish- 
 ops of Rome 
 
 Gregory I. (590-604) 
 
 Myers, 136-140. 
 
 Duruy, 9-10, 108-111, 114-116. 
 
 Hallam, 327-329. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 93-113. 
 
 Emerton, 42-44. 
 
 Bryce, 6-11. 
 
 Andrews, 85-92, 130. 
 
 Thalheimer, 33. 
 
 Swinton, 194-201, 247-248. 
 
 Adams, 107-131. 
 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 41-46. 
 
 Oman, 198-203. 
 
 Thatcher, 129-135. 
 
 Larned, IV. 2417-2423. 
 
 Alzog, I. 179-182, 195 sqq., 405 sqq., 
 
 663 sqq.; II. 36-39. 
 Gibbon, II. 143 sqq.; IV. 556 sqq. 
 
 THE MONASTIC SYSTEM 
 
 Growth 
 
 Monasticism in the West 
 
 Monastic Orders 
 
 Myers, 43-48. 
 
 Adams, 127-136. 
 
 Duruy, 111-112. 
 
 Hallam, 352, 583-584. 
 
 Emerton (Introd.), 135-146. 
 
 Emerton, 555-557, 572-581. 
 
 Thalheimer, 90-91. 
 
 Swinton, 275-276. 
 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 142-143. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 274 sqq., 344 sqq. 
 
 Lewis, 221-222. 
 
 "Monastic Tales of the Thirteenth 
 
 Century" (0. S.). 
 Thatcher, 176-184. 
 Larned, III. 2195-2197. 
 Alzog, I. 744-755 ; II. 681 sqq. 
 Gibbon, III. 665 sqq. 
 
THE CRUSADES. 
 
 31 
 
 THE MONASTIC SYSTEM 
 
 (continued) 
 
 The Donation of Constantine 
 and the "Forged Decre- 
 tals " 
 
 Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction of 
 Rome 
 
 Theories in regard to the 
 Papacy and the Empire 
 
 Myers, 142-146. 
 
 Duruy, 117-118, 371 (N.), 347, 508. 
 
 Hallam, 321-324, 330, 360. 
 
 Emerton, 49-52, 65, 77-84, 587-592. 
 
 Bryce, Ch. VII. 
 
 Adams, 227-236. 
 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 130-135. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 319-329. 
 
 Oman, 454-457. 
 
 Thatcher, 135-138. 
 
 Larned, IV. 2425-2426. 
 
 Alzog, II. 268 sqq., 924, 150, 574. 
 
 Gibbon, V. 132. 
 
 THE CRUSADES (1096-1272). 
 
 Causes 
 
 Councils of Placentia and 
 Clermont 
 
 The First Crusade (1096- 
 1099) 
 
 Capture of Nice, Antioch, and 
 Jerusalem 
 
 The Latin Kingdom of Jeru- 
 salem 
 
 Myers, 179-200. 
 
 Fisher, 267-273. 
 
 Duruy, 261-272. 
 
 Emerton, 157-158, 358-366, 264. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 63-67. 
 
 Lewis, 171, 213-215. 
 
 Hallam, 31-34, 168. 
 
 Henderson, 213. 
 
 Jervis, 117-123. 
 
 Andrews, 235-240. 
 
 Cox, 71-77. 
 
 Ploetz, 213-214. 
 
 Adams, 258-268. 
 
 "Letters of the Crusaders" (0. S.), 
 
 3-11. 
 
 "Urban and the Crusaders" (0. S.). 
 Thatcher, 196-200. 
 Larned, I. 626-628 ; V. 3739-3740. 
 Ridpath, II. 297-377. 
 Kitchin, I. 210-227. 
 Alzog, II. 517-522. 
 Guizot, I. 297-334. 
 Michaud, I. 38 sqq. ; III. Appendix. 
 
32 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE SECOND 
 (1147-1149) 
 
 Cause 
 
 The Three Military and Reli- 
 gious Orders 
 
 CRUSADE f Myers, 200-204. 
 Fisher, 276. 
 Duruy, 273-275. 
 Emerton, 372-376. 
 Lewis, 185-186, 215. 
 Hallam, 34-35. 
 Henderson, 241-242. 
 Henderson (H. D.), 335-336. 
 Thalheimer, 67-71. 
 Swinton, 261-263. 
 Jervis, 137-140. 
 Cox, 86-114. 
 Thatcher, 200-202. 
 Lamed, I. 628-630; III. 1662 sqq.; 
 
 IV. 1391-1392, 3100. 
 Ridpath, II. 345-351. 
 Michaud, I. 329-338. 
 Kitchin, I. 262-266. 
 Gibbon, VI. 13 sqq. 
 Guizot, I. 405-434. 
 
 THE THIRD CRUSADE 
 
 (1189-1193) 
 
 Cause, Leaders - 
 
 Myers, 205-207. 
 
 Fisher, 278. 
 
 Duruy, 275-277. 
 
 Emerton, 376-379. 
 
 Lewis, 215. 
 
 Hallam, 35-36. 
 
 Jervis, 145-147. 
 
 Ploetz, 215. 
 
 Cox, 114-140. 
 
 Henderson, 288-290, 293-294. 
 
 "Letters of the Crusaders" (0. S.), 
 
 15-20. 
 
 Thatcher, 202-203. 
 Larned, I. 630-631. 
 Kitchin, I. 280-284. 
 Michaud, I. 382 sqq. 
 Guizot, I. 348-359. 
 L Ridpath, II. 355-370. 
 
THE CRUSADES. 
 
 33 
 
 THE FOURTH CRUSADE 
 
 (1202-1204) 
 (By some called the Fifth) 
 
 League with the Venetians 
 Beginning of the Latin King- 
 dom at Constantinople 
 (1204) 
 
 Myers, 208-209. 
 
 Fisher, 279. 
 
 Duruy, 278-281. 
 
 Emerton, 379-383. 
 
 Lewis, 215. 
 
 Jervis, 158-159. 
 
 Ploetz, 216. 
 
 Andrews, 241-243. 
 
 Cox, 140-182. 
 
 "The Fourth Crusade" (O. S.). 
 
 Thatcher, 203-204. 
 
 Lamed, I. 631-632. 
 
 Michaud, II. 1-184. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 372-379 ; I. 928-929. 
 
 CHILDREN'S 
 
 (1212) 
 
 CRUSADE 
 
 Stephen and Nicholas . 
 
 ( Myers, 209-214. 
 Fisher, 279-280. 
 Emerton, 389. 
 Cox, 222-224. 
 
 Gray, " Children's Crusade." 
 Thatcher, 205. 
 Larned, I. 632-633. 
 Ridpath, II. 379. 
 Michaud, II. 202. 
 
 THE MINOR CRUSADES 
 
 (1216-1272) 
 
 Frederick II. of Germany 
 Louis IX. of France 
 
 Myers, 214-215. 
 Fisher, 280-281, 284. 
 Duruy, 281-286. 
 Emerton, 383-388. 
 Lewis, 216. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 337-344. 
 Henderson, 349 sqq. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 76-78. 
 Jervis, 166-173. 
 Ploetz, 216-218. 
 
34 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE MINOR CRUSADES 
 
 (continued) 
 
 Frederick II. of Germany 
 Louis IX. of France 
 
 Cox, 182-218. 
 
 "Letters of the Crusaders" (O. S.), 
 
 20 sqq. 
 
 Thatcher, 205-206. 
 Lamed, I. 633-636. 
 Ridpath, II. 381-399. 
 Kitchin, I. 328-342. 
 Michaud, II. 185 sqq. 
 Guizot, I. 361-380. 
 
 Results 
 
 a. Good^ 
 
 b. Evil 
 
 Myers, 217-221. 
 
 Fisher, 284-285. 
 
 Duruy, 286-289. 
 
 Emerton, 388-397. 
 
 Hallam, 584-585. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 78-79, 290. 
 
 Andrews, 248-255. 
 
 Cox, 219-222. 
 
 Adams, 70-76. 
 
 Thatcher, 206-211. 
 
 Larned, I. 636-637. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 400-405. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 227-234. 
 
 Alzog, II. 610-611. 
 
 CONQUESTS OF THE TURANIANS. 
 
 Turanian and Aryan 
 Hun and Seljuk Turk 
 Conquests of Togrul Beg 
 
 Myers, 234-238. 
 
 Fisher, 10, 230, 233, 270, 350. 
 
 Duruy, 95-96, 264. 
 
 Hallam, 294-295, 308-310. 
 
 Thalheimer, 61, 125-126. 
 
 Swinton, 213, 218. 
 
 Ploetz, 21, 170, 173, 210. 
 
 Sheppard, 141 sqq. 
 
 Larned, I. 137 ; III. 1687 sqq. ; V. 
 
 3129, 3131-3132. 
 Ridpath, II. 47, 50. 
 Gibbon, III. 113 sqq., 518 sqq.; V. 
 
 670 sqq. 
 
ITALY. 
 
 35 
 
 THE MONGOLS 
 
 Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, 
 
 and Tamerlane 
 Kingdom of the Great Moguls 
 
 in India 
 
 Myers, 238-240. 
 
 Fisher, 351-352. 
 
 Duruy, 282-283, 497-499. 
 
 Hallam, 311-312. 
 
 Thalheimer, 123-124. 
 
 Ploetz, 240, 242, 278. 
 
 " Travels of Marco Polo." 
 
 Larned, III. 2221-2224, 1707; IV. 
 
 3112. 
 
 Gibbon, VI. 310, 321 sqq. 
 L Ridpath, I. 930-931. 
 
 THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE 
 
 Amurath I. (1360-1389) 
 The Janizaries 
 Bajazet (1389-1403) 
 Battles of Nicopolis (1396) 
 
 and Angora (1402) 
 Mohammed II. (1451-1481) 
 Capture of Constantinople 
 Extent of the Ottoman Empire 
 
 Myers, 240-244. 
 
 Fisher, 351-353. 
 
 Duruy, 491-497, 499-503. 
 
 Hallam, 313-315. 
 
 Thalheimer, 126-128. 
 
 Swinton, 306-307. 
 
 Ploetz, 278, 353, 260. 
 
 Larned, I. 342 ; VI. 3133-3137. 
 
 Gibbon, VI. 310, 340-342, 400 sqq. 
 
 526. 
 Ridpath, I. 931-936. 
 
 ITALY. 
 
 The Italian City Republics 
 The Lombard League 
 Tyrannies 
 
 ( Myers, 245-250. 
 Fisher, 277, 335-337. 
 Duruy, 248-252, 447-448. 
 Hallam, 154-162, 181. 
 Emerton, 272, 285, 302-308, 310, 522- 
 
 526. 
 
 Bryce, 170-173. 
 Andrews, 165-168. 
 Thalheimer, 51-52, 81-82. 
 Swinton, 277-278, 295-296. 
 
36 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 ITALY (continued) 
 
 The Italian City Republics 
 The Lombard League 
 Tyrannies 
 
 Adams, 250-252,301-302. 
 
 Lewis, 190-192, 194. 
 
 Henderson, 247, 249, 253-254, 256, 
 
 258, 269-271. 
 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 224-227. 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Thatcher, 223-224. 
 Larned, III. 1810, 1812-1813. 
 [ Ridpath, II. 425-429, 538-539. 
 
 VENICE 
 
 Government 
 Commerce 
 
 Myers, 250-252. 
 
 Fisher, 338. 
 
 Duruy, 25, 278-279, 449, 453-454. 
 
 Hallam, 202-204, 207-213. 
 
 Emerton, 379-382, 527. 
 
 Bryce, 183-184. 
 
 Thalheimer, 113. 
 
 Swinton, 296-297. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 " Statistical Doc. of the M. A." (O. S.). 
 Thatcher, 225. 
 Larned, VI. 3602 sqq. 
 Ridpath, II. 429-432. 
 
 GENOA 
 
 PISA 
 
 In the Crusades 
 Commerce 
 
 Wars with Genoa 
 
 Myers, 252-254. 
 
 Fisher, 335. 
 
 Duruy, 257, 318-320, 458, 459. 
 
 Hallam, 199-207, 599 sqq. 
 
 Thalheimer, 113. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Thatcher, 225. 
 
 Larned, II. 1419 sqq. ; IV. 2537-2538. 
 Ridpath, II. 433-436, 540. 
 
ITALY. 
 
 37 
 
 FLORENCE 
 
 Commerce, Literature, and Art 
 The Medici 
 Savonarola (1452-1498) 
 
 Myers, 254-256, 347. 
 
 Fisher, 335, 338, 375-376, 383. 
 
 Duruy, 449, 453^459. 
 
 Hallam, 189-199, 229-232. 
 
 Andrews, 266-268. 
 
 Thalheimer, 113-114, 143. 
 
 Swinton, 297-298. 
 
 Seebohm, 71-75. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Thatcher, 226. 
 Larned, II. 1129 sqq. 
 L Ridpath, II. 436-438, 542. 
 
 ROME 
 
 The Babylonish Captivity 
 
 (1305-1378) 
 Nicola Di Rienzi, Tribune 
 
 1347 
 
 Myers, 342-345. 
 
 Fisher, 314, 339, 354, 375. 
 
 Duruy, 379, 452. 
 
 Bryce, 267 sqq. 
 
 Hallam, 186-189, 368-373. 
 
 Thalheimer, 99, 100, 141. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Thatcher, 227. 
 
 Larned, IV. 2434-2436, 2749-2750. 
 Ridpath, II. 442. 
 Alzog, II. 819 sqq. 
 L Kitchin, I. 374 sqq. 
 
 THE ITALIAN RENAIS- f Myers, 345-346. 
 
 Fisher, 393-394. 
 Duruy, 339-340, 458. 
 
 SANCE 
 Leonardo da Vinci (1452- 
 
 1519) 
 
 Michael Angelo (1475-1564) 
 Raphael (1483-1520) 
 Titian (1477-1576) 
 
 Andrews, 273 sqq. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), u Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Goodyear, u History of Art." 
 Thatcher, 280-297. 
 L Lubke", " History of Art," Vol. II, 
 
38 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 The Hanseatic League in 
 Germany 
 
 ( Myers, 256-258. 
 Fisher, 303-345. 
 Duruy, 319-321, 463. 
 Hallam, 597. 
 
 Bryce, 174-175. % 
 
 Thalheimer, 117. 
 Swinton, 277. 
 Adams, 303-304. 
 Lewis, 325-329. 
 Guizot (H. of C.), 229-230. 
 Henderson, 417-421. 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 Ploetz, 249. 
 Lamed, II. 1109; III. 1624-1626. 
 
 THE REVIVAL OF LEARNING. 
 
 SCHOLASTICISM 
 
 John Scotus Erigena 
 St. Anselm (1033-1109) 
 The Universities 
 
 Myers, 260-268. 
 
 Fisher, 305-306. 
 
 Duruy, 326-332. 
 
 Hallam, 650-658. 
 
 Emerton, 451-454, 463-471. 
 
 Andrews, 261-263. 
 
 Thalheimer, 120. 
 
 Swinton, 274, 280-283. 
 
 Adams, 364-372. 
 
 Jervis, 127-129. 
 
 Compayre (Fed.), 74-77. 
 
 Seebohm, 11-15. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 "Mediaeval Student" (O. S.). 
 Thatcher, 193-195. 
 Larned, I. 601 sqq. 
 Alzog, II. 728-736, 740 sqq., 988 sqq., 
 
 1064. 
 . Kitchin, I. 164, 286 ; II. 10. 
 
ENGLAND. 
 
 39 
 
 HUMANISM 
 
 Petrarch (1304-1347) 
 Boccaccio (1313-1375) 
 PRINTING 
 
 John Gutenberg 
 
 Myers, 268-276. 
 
 Fisher, 339, 387, 391-393. 
 
 Duruy, 457-459, 531-534. 
 
 Hallam, 669-670, 675-684. 
 
 Bryce, 249-253. 
 
 Andrews, 264-266. 
 
 Thalheimer, 119, 121-122. 
 
 Swinton, 312-313. 
 
 Adams, 372-380. 
 
 Lewis, 350-351. 
 
 Seebohm, 71, 77. 
 
 Symonds (J. A.), "Renaissance in 
 
 Italy." 
 
 Thatcher, 276-280. 
 Larned, III. 1820; IV. 2587-2588, 
 
 2630. 
 Alzog, II. 1000 sqq. 
 
 ENGLAND (1154-1485 A.D.) 
 
 THE PLANT AGENETS (1154 
 -1399) 
 
 HENRY H. (1154-1189) 
 
 Quarrels with Becket 
 
 Trial by Jury 
 RICHARD I. (1189-1199) 
 
 Third Crusade 
 
 Rise of the Free Towns 
 
 Myers, 278. 
 
 Montgomery (Eng.), 89-93, 96, 99- 
 
 101, 396-397. 
 Duruy, 347-351, 353. 
 Hallam, 27, 361-362, 405-407, 549- 
 
 552. 
 
 Thalheimer, 86-87. 
 Gardiner, 142-151, 159-162. 
 Green, 106-114. 
 Guest, 174-189. 
 .Berard, 69-76, 80-85. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 70-77. 
 Stone, 57-61. 
 
40 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY: 
 
 THE PLANTAGENETS (con- 
 tinued) 
 HENRY H. (1154-1189) 
 
 Quarrels with Becket 
 
 Trial by Jury 
 RICHARD I. (1189-1199) 
 
 Third Crusade 
 
 Rise of the Free Towns 
 
 Towle, 85-89, 100-102. 
 Feilden, 324-325. 
 Henderson (H. D.), 11-20. 
 Hume, 111-117, 123-128. 
 Stubbs, " Early Plantagenets." 
 "Eng. Const. Doc." (O. S.). 
 "Eng. Towns and Gilds" (O. S.). 
 Thatcher, 239-241. 
 Green, I. 159 sqq. 
 Lamed, II. 799-801. 
 Ridpath, II. 405-407. 
 L Stubbs, I. 487 sqq., 533, 542. 
 
 JOHN (1199-1216) 
 
 Loss of Normandy 
 Magna Charta 
 
 Myers, 279-281. 
 
 Montgomery, 103-104, 105-108. 
 Duruy, 353-357. 
 Hallam, 422-428. 
 Thalheimer, 87. 
 Adams, 342-347. 
 Gardiner, 174-176, 181-184. 
 Green, 115-116, 128-130. 
 Guest, 190-205. 
 Berard, 95-101. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 78-81. 
 Stone, 62. 
 Towle, 103-110. 
 Feilden, 328-330. 
 Henderson (H. D.), 135-148. 
 Hume, 136-144. 
 "Eng. Const. Doc." (O. S.). 
 Thatcher, 241-242. 
 Green, I. 189-190, 229-249. 
 Larned, II. 801-806. 
 R'idpath, II. 407-411. 
 I Stubbs, I. 553-583. 
 
ENGLAND. 
 
 41 
 
 THE PLANTAGENETS 
 
 tinned) 
 
 (con- 
 
 HENRY III. (1216-1272) 
 Rise of the House of Commons 
 Simon De Montfort 
 
 Myers, 281-282. 
 Montgomery, 113-114. 
 Duruy, 385-388, 433-437. 
 Hallam, 446-450, 552-557, 558. 
 Thalheimer, 87. 
 Swinton, 294. 
 Adams, 347-348. 
 Gardiner, 193-203. 
 Green, 152-160. 
 Guest, 216-224. 
 Berard, 102-104. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 84-85. 
 Stone, 63. 
 Towle, 114-118. 
 Hume, 149-153. 
 Thatcher, 242-243. 
 Green, I. 250 sqq. 
 Lamed, II. 807-808. 
 Ridpath, II. 412-415. 
 I Stubbs, I. 512-513 ; II. 18 sqq. 
 
 EDWARD I. (1272-1307) 
 Conquest of Wales 
 Wars with Scotland (1290- 
 1303) 
 
 EDWARD n. (1307-1327) 
 Battle of Bannockburn (1314) 
 
 Myers, 283-290. 
 
 Montgomery, 115-118, 120-122. 
 Duruy, 388-391. 
 Hallam, 442-443, 455-457, 557. 
 Thalheimer, 88. 
 Adams, 348-352. 
 Gardiner, 210, 214, 219-224, 226. 
 Green, 164-168, 184-192, 211-214. 
 Guest, 228-232, 235-255. 
 Berard, 107-110, 119-121. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 88-95. 
 Stone, 64-65. 
 Towle, 121-130. 
 Hume, 156-167, 169-170. 
 Thatcher, 243. 
 Green, I. 310 sqq., 382 sqq. 
 Lamed, V. 3643, 3844-3846. 
 Ridpath, II. 415, 504-507. 
 L Stubbs, II. 106 sqq., 329 sqq. 
 
42 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE PLANTAGENETS (con- 
 tinued) 
 
 EDWARD m. (1327-1377) 
 The Hundred Years' War 
 
 (1337-1453) 
 Causes 
 
 Battle of Cre"cy 
 The "Black Death" 
 Siege of Calais 
 Battle of Poitiers (1356) 
 Treaty of BrStigny (1360) 
 
 Myers, 290-294. 
 Montgomery, 126-132. 
 Duruy, 392-405. 
 Hallam, 42-49, 457-466. 
 Thalheimer, 97-98. 
 Swinton, 290. 
 Gardiner, 232-254. 
 Green, 223-231. 
 Berard, 125-130. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 95-100. 
 Stone, 66-68. 
 Hume, 176-187. 
 Towle, 133-139. 
 
 Warburton, " Edward the Third. 1 
 Thatcher, 243-245. 
 Green, I. 396 sqq. 
 Lamed, II. 1169-1170, 813. 
 Ridpath, II. 507-513. 
 L Stubbs, II. 386 sqq. 
 
 RICHARD H. (1377-1399) 
 Wat Tyler's Rebellion 
 
 THE LANCASTRIAN PERIOD 
 
 (1399-1461) 
 
 HENRY IV. (1399-1413) 
 
 Rebellion in Wales 
 
 Montgomery, 151-152, 135-136. 
 
 Duruy, 411-416. 
 
 Hallam, 50, 467-479. 
 
 Gardiner, 268-269, 293. 
 
 Green, 250-254, 265-266. 
 
 Guest, 298-303, 316-318. 
 
 Berard, 132-134, 146-148. 
 
 Thalheimer, 102, 108-109. 
 
 Stone, 69, 81. 
 
 Towle, 148-151, 156-157. 
 
 Hume, 191-193, 202-204. 
 
 Thatcher, 247-248. 
 
 Green, I. 470 sqq., 518 sqq. 
 
 Larned, II. 816, 818 ; V. 3644. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 514-521. 
 
 Stubbs, II. 461 sqq.; III. 7-9, 12 sqq. 
 
ENGLAND. 
 
 43 
 
 THE LANCASTRIAN PERIOD 
 
 (continued) 
 
 HENRY V. (1413-1422) 
 Renewal of the Hundred 
 
 Years' War 
 
 Battle of Agincourt (1415) 
 Treaty of Troyes (1420) 
 
 HENRY VI. (1422-1461) 
 
 (1470-1471) 
 Siege of Orleans 
 Joan of Arc 
 
 Results of the Hundred Years' 
 War 
 
 Myers, 294-296. 
 Montgomery, 155-159. 
 Duruy, 408-410, 416-432. 
 Hallam, 51-60. 
 Thalheimer, 102-103. 
 Swinton, 291. 
 Gardiner, 300-313. 
 Green, 267-270, 274-281. 
 Guest, 326-342. 
 Berard, 149-155. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 111-116. 
 Stone, 83-85. 
 Towle, 160-164. 
 Hume, 207-217. 
 Thatcher, 245-247. 
 Green, I. 538 sqq., 562 sqq. 
 Lamed, II. 1173-1178, 819. 
 Ridpath, II. 522-524. 
 Stubbs, III. 74 sqq., 94 sqq. 
 
 Wars of the Roses (1455- 
 1485) 
 
 Battles of St. Albans, Wake- 
 field, and Towton 
 
 THE YORKIST PERIOD 
 
 (1461-1485) 
 
 EDWARD IV. (1461-1483) 
 Warwick the King-maker 
 Battles of Barnet and Tewkes- 
 
 bury 
 
 Myers, 296-297. 
 Montgomery, 162-167. 
 Hallam, 535-544. 
 Thalheimer, 103. 
 Gardiner, 323-328, 332-335. 
 Green, 283-288. 
 Guest, 349-362. 
 Berard, 156-162. 
 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 117-118, 120-121. 
 Stone, 86-88. 
 Towle, 165-171. 
 Hume, 219, 228. 
 
 Gardiner, " House of L. and Y." 
 Thatcher, 250. 
 Green, II. 24 sqq. 
 Earned, II. 820-821. 
 Ridpath, II. 525-532. 
 . Stubbs, III. 195, 199 sqq. 
 
44 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE YORKIST PERIOD (con- 
 tinued) 
 
 RICHARD m. (1483-1485) 
 Battle of Bosworth Field 
 
 (1485) 
 
 Results of the Wars of the 
 Roses 
 
 Myers, 297-298. 
 Montgomery, 172-174. 
 Hallam, 544. 
 Gardiner, 341-343. 
 Green, 299-301. 
 Guest, 367-373. 
 Berard, 163-165. 
 Thalheiraer, 122-124. 
 Stone, 89. 
 Towle, 172-174. 
 Hume, 229-236. 
 Green, II. 60-66. 
 Lamed, II. 822. 
 Ridpath, II. 533-535. 
 I Stubbs, III. 231 sqq. 
 
 ENGLISH LITERATURE 
 
 Chaucer, Wycliffe, Langland, 
 Caxton 
 
 Myers, 299-303. 
 
 Montgomery, 133, 137-138. 
 
 Duruy, 524, 632, 671-674. 
 
 Thalheimer, 120. 
 
 Gardiner, 258, 261, 266, 270-272. 
 
 Green, 118, 219-222, 235-244, 255- 
 
 258, 295-298. 
 Guest, 276-296, 363-366. 
 Berard, 136-139, 172-175. 
 Thalheimer (Eng.), 106-107. 
 Stone, 70-89. 
 Towle, 144-146, 177. 
 Hume, 198-199. 
 
 " Eng. in the time of Wycliffe " (O.S.). 
 Thatcher, 249. 
 Green, I. 440, 489-494, 502-506, 509 ; 
 
 II. 54-59. 
 I Lamed, II. 813, 814 ; IV. 2590. 
 
FRANCE. 
 
 45 
 
 FRANCE. 
 
 THE CAPETIAN DYNASTY 
 
 (987-1328) 
 
 HUGH CAPET (987-996) 
 Election and Power 
 
 ROBERT THE PIOUS (996- 
 1031) 
 
 HENRY I. (1031-1060) 
 Famines, Truce of God 
 
 Myers, 117, 303-304. 
 Fisher, 243. 
 Duruy, 174-178. 
 Hallam, 20, 24-25, 111. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 52-62. 
 Emerton, 414-419. 
 Jervis, 104-113. 
 Thalheimer, 47-48. 
 Andrews, 190-191. 
 Adams, 183-185. 
 Thatcher, 79-80. 
 Larned, II. 1159-1160. 
 Ridpath, II. 234-238. 
 Guizot, I. 236-249. 
 Kitchin, I. 178, 188-204. 
 
 PHILIP I. (1060-1108) 
 
 Norman Conquest of Eng- 
 land 
 
 The First Crusade (1096- 
 1099) 
 LOUIS VI. (1108-1137) 
 
 Communes 
 
 LOUIS VII. (1137-1180) 
 
 The Second Crusade (1147- 
 1149) 
 
 Myers, 171 sqq., 179-204, 304-305. 
 Fisher, 250, 272-276, 290. 
 Duruy, 179-186, 261 sqq., 342-345. 
 Hallam, 26, 34. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 63-70. 
 Emerton, 420-421. 
 Jervis, 113-143. 
 Thalheimer, 49, 61 sqq., 88. 
 Andrews, 201-204, 233 sqq. 
 Thatcher, 80-81, 218-222, 229. 
 Larned, II. 1160-1162 ; V. 3748. 
 Kitchin, I. 203, 210 sqq., 249 sqq. 
 I Guizot, I. 250-254, 338-344 ; II. 29. 
 
46 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE CAPETIAN DYNASTY C 
 (continued) 
 
 PHILIP (II.) AUGUSTUS 
 
 (1180-1223) 
 Crusades (continued) 
 Wars with Henry II. and John 
 
 of England 
 The Albigenses 
 Battle of Bouvines (1214) 
 
 Myers, 205 sqq., 305-307. 
 
 Fisher, 276 sqq., 295. 
 
 Duruy, 351-357. 
 
 Hallam, 27-29. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 70-76. 
 
 Eraerton, 325 sqq., 421 sqq. 
 
 Jervis, 143-159. 
 
 Thalheimer, 69, 89. 
 
 Andrews, 204-206. 
 
 Thatcher, 229-230. 
 
 Lamed, I. 32, 305, 630 ; II. 1162. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 416-419. 
 
 Guizot, I. 355 sqq. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 276 sqq. 
 
 LOUIS IX. (1226-1270) 
 Seventh and Eighth Crusade 
 Character 
 
 PHILIP (IV.) THE FAIR 
 
 (1285-1314) 
 Trouble with England and 
 
 Flanders 
 
 Quarrel with the Pope 
 Suppression of the Templars 
 
 (1307) 
 
 Myers, 214, 307-309. 
 
 Fisher, 298, 312-315. 
 
 Duruy, 361-382. 
 
 Hallam, 29-31, 36-40. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 76-90. 
 
 Emerton, 433, 387. 
 
 Jervis, 164-173, 177-189, 279. 
 
 Thalheimer, 77, 93-96. 
 
 Andrews, 207-212. 
 
 Thatcher, 231-237. 
 
 Larned, II. 1163-1166. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 419-423, 439-444. 
 
 Guizot, I. 361 sqq., 426 sqq., 457 sqq. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 318-324, 328-342, 354-381. 
 
 HOUSE OF VALOIS (1328- 
 1498) 
 
 PHILIP VI. (1328-1350) 
 The One Hundred Years' War 
 (1337-1453) 
 
 Myers, 290-296, 309-310. 
 Fisher, 317, 325-326. 
 Duruy, 392 sqq., 417-420. 
 Hallam, 40-60. 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 90-103. 
 Jervis, 197 sqq., 224 sqq. 
 
FRANCE. 
 
 47 
 
 HOUSE OF VALOIS (continued) 
 
 CHARLES VI. (1380-1422) 
 Burgundians and Armagnacs 
 
 Thalheimer, 97-102. 
 
 Andrews, 212-213. 
 
 Lamed, II. 1168 sqq. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 446-463. 
 
 Guizot, II. 41 sqq., 96 sqq., 174 sqq. 
 
 Kitchin, I. 391 sqq., 477, 489 sqq. 
 
 LOUIS XI. (1461-1483) 
 Struggle with the Nobles 
 CHARLES VIII. (1483-1498) ' 
 Invasion of Italy 
 
 Myers, 310-312. 
 
 Fisher, 363-368. 
 
 Duruy, 439-441. 
 
 Hallam, 60-70, 125. 
 
 Montgomery (Fr.), 105-113. 
 
 Jervis, 255-279. 
 
 Thalheimer, 104-106, 141 sqq. 
 
 Thatcher, 252. 
 
 Lamed, II. 1179-1184. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 469-476. 
 
 Guizot, II. 312 sqq., 396-420. 
 
 Kitchin, II. 24-34, 53 sqq., 103-130. 
 
 FRENCH LITERATURE 
 
 Troubadours and Trouveurs 
 Froissart (1337-1410) 
 Comines (1445-1509) 
 
 Myers, 313-316. 
 Fisher, 306. 
 
 Duruy, 332-336, 517-520. 
 Hallam, 658-663. 
 Jervis, 161-162, 193-194. 
 Thalheimer, 121. 
 
 Saintsbury, 26-27, 132-135, 159, 160. 
 Botta, 242-256. 
 Lamed, IV. 3127. 
 Kitchin, I. 162, 397, 412 ; II. 2-3. 
 L Guizot, III. 118. 
 
48 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 CONRAD OF FRANCONIA 
 (911-919) 
 
 HOUSE OF SAXONY (919- 
 
 1024) 
 HENRY (I.) THE FOWLER 
 
 (919-936) 
 
 Consolidation and Defense of 
 the Empire 
 
 GERMANY. 
 
 Myers, 322-324. 
 Fisher, 244, 260. 
 Duruy, 190-191. 
 Hallam, 270-271. 
 Lewis, 117-128. 
 Bryce, 75-77. 
 Emerton, 100-109. 
 Thalheimer, 52-53. 
 Andrews, 144-145. 
 Ploetz, 194. 
 Adams, 179-180. 
 Taylor, 116-121. 
 Henderson, 117-122. 
 Oman, 475-477. 
 ^Thatcher, 83-84. 
 'Larned, II. 1439. 
 Ridpath, II. 192-194. 
 . Alzog, II. 300-301. 
 
 OTTO (I.) THE GREAT (936 
 
 -973) 
 
 Conquests 
 
 Revival of the Holy Roman 
 Empire (962) 
 
 f Myers, 324-326. 
 Fisher, 261-262. 
 Duruy, 192-196. 
 Hallam, 149-150, 271. 
 Lewis, 128-138. 
 Bryce, 77-85, 130-142. 
 Emerton, 110-114, 127-145. 
 Thalheimer, 53. 
 Andrews, 146 sqq. 
 Henderson, 123-144. 
 Adams, 180-182. 
 Ploetz, 195-196. 
 Taylor, 121-129. 
 Thatcher, 85-91. 
 Larned, II. 1439-1441 ; III. 1668 ; V. 
 
 3758-3759. 
 Ridpath, II. 194-196. 
 Alzog, II. 301-307. 
 
GERMANY. 
 
 49 
 
 HOUSE OF SAXONY (con- 
 tinued) 
 
 OTTO HI. (983-1002) 
 His plans 
 
 HENRY II. (1002-1024) 
 Campaigns in Poland and 
 Italy 
 
 Myers, 327. 
 Fisher, 263. 
 Duruy, 196-197. 
 Hallam, 150, 271. 
 Lewis, 141-149. 
 Bryce, 142-145. 
 Emerton, 146-172. 
 Thalheimer, 53-54. 
 Henderson, 149-166. 
 Ploetz, 197. 
 Taylor, 132-137. 
 Thatcher, 92. 
 Lamed, II. 1441. 
 Ridpath, II. 245-248. 
 I Alzog, II. 308-315. 
 
 HOUSE OF FRANCONIA f 
 (1024-1125) 
 
 CONRAD II. (1024-1029) 
 Acquisition of Burgundy 
 
 (1032) 
 Italian Campaigns 
 
 HENRY III. (1039-1056) 
 A Strong Ruler 
 Henry and the Papacy 
 The Normans in Italy 
 
 Myers, 327-328. 
 Fisher, 263-264. 
 Duruy, 198, 235-236. 
 Hallam, 151, 272. 
 Lewis, 151-161. 
 Bryce, 147-148. 
 Emerton, 174-208. 
 Thalheimer, 54. 
 Henderson, 166-182. 
 Ploetz, 198-199. 
 Taylor, 138-146. 
 Thatcher, 92-94. 
 Larned, II. 1442. 
 Ridpath, II. 248-254. 
 Alzog, II. 316-324. 
 
50 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 HOUSE OF FRANCONIA 
 
 (continued) 
 
 HENRY IV. (1056-1106) 
 Character 
 
 Contests in Germany 
 Quarrel with Pope Gregory 
 
 VII. 
 Investiture 
 
 f Myers, 328. 
 
 Fisher, 264-268. 
 
 Duruy, 237-243. 
 
 Hallam, 155, 273. 
 
 Lewis, 161-173. 
 
 Bryce, 149-157. 
 
 Emerton, 237-265. 
 
 Thalheimer, 55-56. 
 
 Andrews, 156-163. 
 
 Henderson, 183-217. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 208, 361-404, 409. 
 
 Ploetz, 199-200. 
 
 Morris, 76-91. 
 
 Taylor, 146-154. 
 
 Thatcher, 135-148. 
 
 Lamed, II. 1443-1444 ; V. 3794-3795. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 255-259. 
 L Alzog,4I. 328-336, 481 sqq. 
 
 HENRY V. (1106-1125) 
 Expedition to Italy 
 Concordat of Worms (1122) 
 
 HOUSE OF HOHENSTAUFEN 
 
 (1138-1254) 
 
 CONRAD IH. (1138-1152) 
 Welfs and Waiblings 
 The Second Crusade 
 
 Myers, 328. 
 
 Fisher, 268, 275-276, 291. 
 
 Duruy, 243-244, 247, 273-274. 
 
 Hallam, 274. 
 
 Lewis, 173-178, 183-186. 
 
 Bryce, 158-161. 
 
 Emerton, 266-282. 
 
 Thalheimer, 80-81. 
 
 Andrews, 163-166. 
 
 Henderson, 217-226, 237-243. 
 
 Henderson, (H. D.), 405-408. 
 
 Ploetz, 201, 219. 
 
 Morris, 92-95. 
 
 Taylor, 155-163. 
 
 Thatcher, 148-150. 
 
 Lamed, II. 1444-1445. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 343-351. 
 
 Alzog, II. 525-536, 543-646. 
 
GERMANY. 
 
 51 
 
 HOUSE OF HOHENSTAUFEN f 
 (continued) 
 
 FREDERICK I. BARBA- 
 
 ROSSA (1153-1190) 
 Wars with the Italian Cities 
 The Third Crusade 
 
 HENRY VI. (1190-1197) 
 Claim to Sicily 
 
 Myers, 328-329. 
 
 Fisher, 276-279. 
 
 Duruy, 249-254. 
 
 Hallam, 158 sqq., 275-276. 
 
 Lewis, 186-200. 
 
 Bryce, 162-176. 
 
 Emerton, 282-312. 
 
 Thalheimer, 81-83. 
 
 Andrews, 167-168. 
 
 Henderson, 246-316. 
 
 Henderson (H. D.), 211, 336, 410-420. 
 
 Ploetz, 219-223. 
 
 Morris, 104-115. 
 
 Taylor, 164-174. 
 
 Thatcher, 150-162. 
 
 Larned, II. 1446 ; V. 3788-3789. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 356-359, 371. 
 
 Alzog, II. 548 sqq. 
 
 FREDERICK H. (1215-1250) 
 Education and Character 
 Relations to the Papacy 
 
 Myers, 329-331. 
 Fisher, 280-282. 
 Duruy, 255-259. 
 Hallam, 167 sqq., 276. 
 Lewis, 203-211. 
 Bryce, 201-206. 
 Emerton, 323-326, 344-352. 
 Thalheimer, 83-84. 
 Andrews, 169-173. 
 Henderson, 337-400. 
 Ploetz, 223-225. 
 Morris, 116-134. 
 Taylor, 175-185. 
 Thatcher, 164-173. 
 Larned, II. 1447. 
 Ridpath, II. 381-389. 
 L Alzog, II. 576, 587-596. 
 
52 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 THE INTERREGNUM (1250- 
 1273) 
 
 The Electors 
 Leagues and Towns 
 
 HOUSE OF HAPSBURG (1273- 
 1308) 
 
 RUDOLPH (1273-1291) 
 Austria acquired 
 
 Myers, 332-334. 
 Fisher, 331-332. 
 Duruy, 460-466. 
 Hallam, 276, 280-281. 
 Lewis, 235-243, 319 sqq. 
 Bryce, 207-212, 217-220. 
 Emerton, 353-356. 
 Thalheimer, 84-85. 
 Henderson, 401-409. 
 Henderson (H. D.), 219. 
 Ploetz, 225, 244. 
 Taylor, 189-203. 
 Thatcher, 174, 261. 
 Larned, II. 1448-1449; V. 3759-3760. 
 Ridpath, II. 476-478. 
 L Alzog, II. 607. 
 
 ALBERT I. (1298-1308) 
 Revolt of the Swiss Cantons 
 
 LOUIS IV. OF BAVARIA 
 
 (1314-1347) 
 Battles of Mortgarten, Amp- 
 
 fing, and Sempach 
 
 Myers, 334-335. 
 Fisher, 332-333, 334. 
 Duruy, 466-470. 
 Hallam, 296-301. 
 Lewis, 245-250, 253-261. 
 Bryce, 217. 
 
 Thalheimer, 93, 96, 107. 
 Ploetz, 245-247, 250. 
 Morris, 145, 170, 181-191. 
 Taylor, 203-211, 217. 
 Thatcher, 262. 
 
 Larned, II. 1450-1451 ; IV. 3043 sqq. 
 L Ridpath, II. 478-483. 
 
 HOUSE OF LUXEMBURG 
 
 (1308-1314) (1347-1400) 
 
 (1410-1438) 
 
 CHARLES IV. (1347-1378) 
 
 The Golden Bull (1356) 
 SIGISMUND (1410-1437) 
 
 Union with Poland 
 
 Myers, 336-337. 
 
 Fisher, 333-334. 
 
 Duruy, 470-473. 
 
 Hallam, 278-279, 283-285, 293. 
 
 Lewis, 263-268, 276-285. 
 
 Bryce, 221. 
 
 Thalheimer, 97, 107-110. 
 
 Andrews, 148, 283 sqq. 
 
GERMANY. 
 
 53 
 
 HOUSE OF LUXEMBURG (con- 
 tinued) 
 
 The Great Schism (1378) 
 Council of Constance (1414- 
 1417) 
 
 Henderson (H. I).), 220-261. 
 Ploetz, 248, 251-252. 
 Morris, 192-203. 
 Taylor, 212-215, 222-234. 
 Thatcher, 263-266, 273-274. 
 Lamed, II. 1452-1453 ; IV. 2436. 
 Ridpath, II. 484-485, 488-498. 
 I Alzog, II. 841-843, 845 sqq. 
 
 HOUSE OF HAPSBURG (1437- 
 
 1519) 
 
 ALBERT II. (1437-1439) 
 Hapsburg and Hohenzollern 
 The Imperial Crown becomes 
 
 Hereditary 
 
 FREDERICK ffl. (1440- 
 
 1493) 
 
 Invasion of the Turks 
 Swiss Independence 
 
 C Myers, 337. 
 Fisher, 371-372. 
 Duruy, 474-475. 
 Hallam, 285-288. 
 Lewis, 287-299. 
 Bryce, 299-300. 
 Thalheimer, 111. 
 Ploetz, 253. 
 Morris, 204-211. 
 Taylor, 235-243. 
 Thatcher, 267-268. 
 Lamed, II. 1453-1454. 
 Ridpath, II. 498-500. 
 Alzog, II. 890 sqq. 
 
 MAXIMILIAN I. (1493- 
 
 1519) 
 
 Internal Dissensions 
 Constitutional Reforms 
 
 Myers, 337-340. 
 Fisher, 372. 
 Hallam, 289-292. 
 Lewis, 300-315. 
 Bryce, 307-315. 
 Andrews, 291. 
 Ploetz, 300-301. 
 Taylor, 246-254. 
 Lamed, II. 1455. 
 Alzog, III. 7-8. 
 
54 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 The Niebelungen Lied 
 Minnesingers and Meister- - 
 singers 
 
 Myers, 340. 
 
 Fisher, 307. 
 
 Duruy, 337-338. 
 
 Lewis, 219-220. 
 
 Henderson, 427-436. 
 
 Botta, 405-417. 
 
 Hosmer, 1-77, 100-101, 151-154. 
 
 Larned, III. 2357-2358. 
 
 RUSSIA. 
 
 Ruric and his Descendants 
 
 Conquest by Genghis Khan 
 
 IVAN THE GREAT (1462- 
 
 1505) 
 Reforms 
 
 Myers, 341-342. 
 
 Fisher, 349, 381. 
 
 Duruy, 483, 487-488, 498. 
 
 Thalheimer, 50, 57. 
 
 Ploetz, 208, 241, 276, 353. 
 
 Larned, III. 2222 ; IV. 2755-2758. 
 
 Ridpath, II. 293-294, 548-550. 
 
 Rise of the Spanish Kingdoms 
 Independence of Portugal 
 
 (1095) 
 Battle of Tolosa (1212) 
 
 SPAIN. 
 
 Myers, 317. 
 
 Fisher, 282, 340-343. 
 
 Duruy, 297-303, 476-478. 
 
 Hallam, 236 sqq. 
 
 Thalheimer, 114. 
 
 Andrews, 246, N. 3. 
 
 Ploetz, 209, 240. 
 
 Oman, 506-511. 
 
 Thatcher, 253-254. 
 
 Larned, III. 2243; IV. 2569-2570, 
 
 2976-2977. 
 Ridpath, II. 536. 
 
SPAIN. 
 
 55 
 
 SPAIN (continued) 
 
 FERDINAND AND ISA- 
 BELLA 
 
 Castile and Aragon united 
 
 (1479) 
 Capture of Granada (1492) 
 
 Myers, 317-319. 
 Fisher, 370-371. 
 Duruy, 478-481. 
 Hallam, 267-269. 
 Thalheimer, 115-116. 
 Andrews, 246-247. 
 Ploetz, 276, 328. 
 Larned, IV. 2977-2983. 
 . Ridpath, II. 536-537- 
 
 The Inquisition 
 Voyage of Columbus 
 
 SPANISH LITERATURE 
 
 Poem of the Cid 
 
 Myers, 319-321. 
 Fisher, 282, 370, 388-389. 
 Duruy, 295, 527-531. 
 Hallam, 663. 
 Thalheimer, 133 sqq. 
 Ploetz, 209, 282. 
 Botta, 295-300. 
 Thatcher, 298. 
 Larned, I. 49-50; III. 1751, 
 Ridpath, II. 537, 556-558. 
 I Alzog, II. 984. 
 
56 
 
 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 
 
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HISTORICAL LITERATURE. 
 
 ASIA. 
 
 LESLIE : Ayesia. (A Tale of the Time of Mohammed) 594. 
 WALLACE : The Prince of India. (Fall of Constantinople) 1453. 
 LUDLOW : The Captain of the Janizaries. (Fall of Constantinople) 1453. 
 
 ENGLAND. 
 
 TENNYSON : Idylls of the King. (King Arthur) 449. 
 
 COWPER : Caedwalla. (Saxons in the Isle of Wight) seventh century. 
 
 ARNOLD : Phara the Phoenician. (Chief Events in England from Early 
 
 Times to 1558.) 
 
 CHARLES : Early Dawn. (King Alfred, Saxons and Normans) 849. 
 HENTY : The Dragon and the Raven. (King Alfred) 870-901. 
 AUSTIN: England's Darling. (King Alfred, Drama.) 
 SHAKESPEARE : Macbeth. 1033-1039. 
 KINGSLEY : Hereward the Wake. 1056. 
 BULWER : Harold, the Last of the Saxon Kings. 1042-1066. 
 HENTY : Wulf the Saxon. (Harold, Battle of Hastings) 1066. 
 LESLIE : Leofwine the Saxon. 1052-1066. 
 SCOTT : Harold the Dauntless. 
 TENNYSON : Harold. 
 SCOTT : Ivanhoe. (Richard II.) 1194. 
 SCOTT : Count Robert of Paris. 1090. 
 
 SCOTT : The Talisman. (Richard I., the Crusades) 1189-1193. 
 SCOTT: The Betrothed. (Henry II., Third Crusade) 1189-1192. 
 HENTY: Brothers in Arms. (Crusades.) 
 
 COTTIN: Matilda, Princess of England. (Richard I. and Saladin.) 
 HENTY : In Freedom's Cause. (Wallace and Bruce) 1293-1315. 
 PORTER : Scottish Chiefs. (Wallace and Bruce) 1296-1307. 
 MAXWELL : Robert the Bruce. 844-1332. 
 SCOTT: Castle Dangerous. (Edward II., Scottish Wars) 1306. 
 SCOTT : Lord of the Isles. 1307. 
 SCOTT : Halidon Hill. 1333. 
 
64 MEDIAEVAL HISTORY. 
 
 HENTY : St. George for England. (Cre"cy and Poitiers) 1330-1363. 
 
 DOYLE : The White Company. 1366. 
 
 LESLIE : Conrad. (A tale of Wycliffe) 1382-1452. 
 
 HENTY : At Agincourt. 
 
 CHARLES : Joan the Maid. 1429. 
 
 ROBINSOX : The Maid of Orleans. 
 
 FULLERTON: A Stormy Life. (Warwick, Queen Margaret.) 
 
 BULWER : The Last of the Barons. (Warwick) 1467. 
 
 STEVENSON: The Black Arrow. (Richard III., Henry VI.) 1483-1485. 
 
 YONGE : The Caged Lion. (Henry V., James I. of Scotland) 1421-1425. 
 
 YONGE : Grisley Grisell. (Wars of the Roses.) 
 
 SHAKESPEARE: King John, Edward III., Richard II., King Henry V., 
 
 King Henry VI., Richard III. 
 SCOTT : Fair Maid of Perth. 1402. 
 
 FRANCE. 
 
 BALDWIN : The Story of Roland. 
 BULFINCH : Legends of Charlemagne. 
 YONGE : The Little Duke. (Charlemagne.) 
 FROISS ART'S Chronicles. 
 LE SAGE : Gil Bias. 
 
 GERMANY. 
 
 FREYTAG : Ingo. (The Alemanni) 357. 
 
 FREYTAG : Ingraban. (St. Boniface) 724. 
 
 YONGE : The Cook and the Captive. (Barbarian Life, Bishop Gregory) 
 
 530. 
 
 SCOTT : Anne of Geierstein. (Maximilian I.) 
 JAMES : Castle of Eherstein. (Robber Barons, Otto IV.) 
 WOLF : Salt-Master of Luneburg. (Rudolph I.) 1273-1291. 
 The Niebelungen Lied. 
 
 ITALY. 
 
 BULWER : Rienzi, the Last of the Tribunes. 1347. 
 GEORGE ELIOT: Romola. (Savonarola) 1452-1498. 
 AUSTIN: Savonarola. (Drama.) 
 BOCCACCIO : Decameron. 
 
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. 65 
 
 NORTHERN COUNTRIES. 
 
 CHAILLU : Ivar the Viking. Third and fourth century. 
 
 LEIGHTON : Olaf the Glorious. (A Story of the Viking Age) 963-1000. 
 
 BALLANTYNE : The Norsemen in the West. 
 
 LEIGHTON : The Thirsty Sword. (Norse Invasion of Scotland) 1262. 
 
 SPAIN. 
 
 IRVING : The Alhambra. 
 
 PRESCOTT : Conquest of Granada. 1492. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 A. 
 
 Abbassides, 17. 
 'Abubekr, 15. 
 Africa, vandals in, 3. 
 Africa, conquered by Justinian, 11. 
 Africa, conquered by Saracens, 10. 
 Agincourt, battle of, 43. 
 Alaric, 1, 2. 
 Albert I., Emperor, 52. 
 Albert II., Emperor, 53. 
 Albigenses, 46. 
 Alboin, 6. 
 Alcuin, 20. 
 Alfred the Great, 26. 
 Alfred, works of, 26. 
 Ali, caliph, 16. 
 Ampfing, battle of, 52. 
 Amurath I. , 35. 
 Angles in Britain, 9. 
 Angora, battle of, 35. 
 Anselm, Saint, 29, 38. 
 Antioch, capture of, 31. 
 Arabs, early history, 13. 
 Aragon, 55. 
 Armagnacs, 47. 
 Arnulf of Carinthia, 22. 
 Art in Florence, 37. 
 Arthur, King, 9. 
 Aryan, 34. 
 
 Asia, conquered by Saracens, 16. 
 Attila, 4. 
 
 Augustine in Britain, 10. 
 Austrasia, 7, 8. 
 Austria acquired, 52. 
 
 B. 
 
 Babylonish captivity, 37. 
 
 Bagdad, caliphate of, 17. 
 
 Bajazet, 35. 
 
 Bannockburn, battle of, 41. 
 
 Barnet, battle of, 43. 
 
 Becket, Thomas, 39, 40. 
 
 Belisarius, 11. 
 
 Black Death, 42. 
 
 Boccaccio, 39. 
 
 Bosworth Field, battle of, 44. 
 
 Bouvines, battle of, 46. 
 
 Bre"tigny, treaty of, 42. 
 
 Burgundians, 3, 47. 
 
 Burgundy, acquisition by Conrad 
 
 II., 49. 
 Burgundy, Burgundians in, 3. 
 
 C. 
 
 Cairo, caliphate of, 17. 
 Calais, siege of, 42. 
 Caliphate, golden age of, 17. 
 Caliphates of Bagdad, Cordova, 
 
 and Cairo, 17. 
 Caliphs, 15 ff. 
 Cantons, Swiss, revolt of, 52. 
 
68 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Canute, King, 27. 
 
 Capet, Hugh, 22 ; election, 45. 
 
 Capetian dynasty, 45, 46. 
 
 Capitularies of Charlemagne, 19. 
 
 Carinthia, 22. 
 
 Carol ingians, first of, 8, 9 ; rule of, 
 17 ff. ; last of, 23. 
 
 Carolingians, German line of, 21. 
 
 Carolingians, French line of, 22. 
 
 Castile, 55. 
 
 Caxton, 44. 
 
 Chalons, battle of, 4. 
 
 Character of Frederick II., 51. 
 
 Character of Henry IV., 50. 
 
 Character of Louis IX., 46. 
 
 Character of Mohammed, 14. 
 
 Charlemagne, accession, 17; coro- 
 nation, 18, 19 ; character, 20. 
 
 Charlemagne, Lombards conquered 
 by, 6. 
 
 Charles the Bald, 21, 22. 
 
 Charles the Fat, 21, 22. 
 
 Charles III., the Simple, 22. 
 
 Charles VI., K. of France, 47. 
 
 Charles VIII., K. of France, 47. 
 
 Charles IV., Emperor, 52. 
 
 Charters, 29. 
 
 Chaucer, 44. 
 
 Chivalry, origin, orders, decline, 
 results, 25. 
 
 Chosroes, K. of Persia, 12. 
 
 Christianity, introduction into 
 Britain, 10. 
 
 Church, Celtic, 10. 
 
 Churches, early organization of, 
 30. 
 
 Cid, poem of, 55. 
 
 Cities, wars with, 51. 
 
 Clovis, 7. 
 
 Columbus, voyage of, 55. 
 
 Comines, 47. 
 
 Commerce of Venice, 36; of Genoa, 
 36 ; of Florence, 37. 
 
 Communes, 45. 
 
 Concordat of Worms, 50. 
 
 Conrad of Franconia, 48. 
 
 Conrad II., Emperor, 49. 
 
 Conrad III., Emperor, 50. 
 
 Constantino, donation of, 31. 
 
 Constantinople, capture of, 35. 
 
 Cordova, caliphate of, 17. 
 
 Council of Whitby, 10 ; of Placen- 
 tia, 31 ; of Clermont, 31 ; of 
 Constance, 53. 
 
 Cre"cy, battle of, 42. 
 
 Crown, imperial, becomes heredi- 
 tary, 53. 
 
 Crusade, First, 31, 45. 
 
 Crusade, Second, 32, 45, 50. 
 
 Crusade, Third, 32, 39, 40, 51. 
 
 Crusade, Fourth, 33. 
 
 Crusade, Children's, 33. 
 
 Crusades, 31 ff., 46. 
 
 Crusades, minor, 34. 
 
 Crusades, results, 34. 
 
 Curfew, 29. 
 
 D. 
 
 Danes and King Alfred, 26. 
 Danes and successors of Alfred, 27. 
 Danube, Visigoths upon, 1. 
 De Montfort, Simon, 41. 
 Division of 817, 21. 
 Domesday Book, 29. 
 Donation of Constantine, 31. 
 Dyle, battle on, 22. 
 
 E. 
 
 Ecclesiastical jurisdiction, 31. 
 Education under Charlemagne, 20. 
 Education of Frederick II., 51. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 69 
 
 Edward the Confessor, 27. 
 Edward I., K. of England, 41. 
 Edward II., K. of England, 41. 
 Edward III., K. of England, 42. 
 Edward IV., K. of England, 43. 
 Egbert, King, 11. 
 Egypt, conquered by Saracens, 
 
 15. 
 
 Electors, German, 52. 
 Empire in the West; 17 ff. 
 Empire, theories regarding, 31. 
 Empire, extent under Charlemagne, 
 
 19. 
 
 Empire, consolidation of, 48. 
 Empire, revival of, 48. 
 England, 39 ff. 
 England, invasion of the Normans, 
 
 28, 45, 46. 
 Erigena, John Scotus, 38. 
 
 F. 
 
 Famines, 45. 
 
 Ferdinand, K. of Spain, 55. 
 
 Feudal classes, 24. 
 
 Feudal tenure, 23. 
 
 Feudalism, origin, 23 ; extension, 
 
 decay, defects, advantages, 24. 
 Flanders, 46. 
 Florence, 37. 
 Fontenoy, battle of, 21. 
 Forged decretals, 31. 
 France, 45 ff. 
 France, counts of, 22. 
 Franconia, House of, 49, 50. 
 Franks, 7 ff., 17, 18. 
 'Frederick I., Barbarossa, 51. 
 Frederick II., Emperor, 33, 34. 
 Frederick III. , Emperor, 53. 
 Free Towns, rise of, 39, 40. 
 Froissart, 47. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gaul, Visigothic kingdom in, 2. 
 Gaul, Vandals in, 2. 
 Gaul, Saracens in, 16. 
 Genghis Khan, 35 ; Russia con- 
 quered by, 54. 
 Genoa, 36. 
 Germany, 48 ff. 
 Germany, contests in, 50. 
 Golden Bull, 52. 
 
 Government of Charlemagne, 19. 
 Granada, capture of, 55. 
 Greece, Visigoths in, 1, 2. 
 Greenland, Northmen in, 26. 
 Gregory I., 30. 
 Gregory VII., 50. 
 Gutenberg, John, 39. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hanseatic League, 38. 
 Hapsburg, House of, 52, 53. 
 Harold II., K. of England, 27. 
 Hastings, battle of, 28. 
 Hegira, 14. 
 
 Henry I., K. of England, 29. 
 Henry II., K. of England, 39, 46. 
 Henry III., K. of England, 41. 
 Henry IV., K. of England, 42. 
 Henry V., K. of England, 43. 
 Henry VI., K. of England, 43. 
 Henry I., K. of France, 45. 
 Henry I. , K. of Germany, 48. 
 Henry II., K. of Germany, 49. 
 Henry III., K. of Germany, 49. 
 Henry IV., K. of Germany, 50. 
 Henry V., K. of Germany, 50. 
 Heraclius, Emperor, 12. 
 Hohenstaufen, House of, 50. 
 Hohenzollern, House of, 53. 
 House of Commons, rise of, 41. 
 
70 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Hugh the Great, 22. 
 Humanism, 39. 
 
 Hundred Years' War, 42, 43, 46. 
 Hungarian invasion, 22. 
 Huns, 4, 34. 
 
 I. 
 
 Iconoclastic controversy, 12. 
 Improvements under Justinian, 12. 
 Independence, Swiss, 53. 
 India, Moguls in, 35. 
 Industries under Justinian, 12. 
 Interregnum, 52. 
 Inquisition, 55. 
 
 Investiture, 50. 
 
 Ireland, Northmen in, 26. 
 
 Isabella, Queen, 65. 
 
 Italy, 35 ff. 
 
 Italy, Conrad II. in, 49. 
 
 Italy, invaded by Charles VIII., 47. 
 
 Italy, conquered by Justinian, 11. 
 
 Italy, Henry II. in, 49. 
 
 Italy, Henry V. in, 50. 
 
 Italy, Lombards in, 6. 
 
 Italy, Normans in, 49. 
 
 Italy, Ostrogothic invasion of, 5. 
 
 Italy, Visigoths in, 1, 2. 
 
 Ivan the Great, 54. 
 
 J. 
 
 Janizaries, 35. 
 
 Jerusalem, capture of, 31. 
 
 Joan of Arc, 43. 
 
 John, K. of England, 40, 46. 
 
 Jury, trial by, 39, 40. 
 
 Justinian, Ostrogoths conquered 
 
 by, 5. 
 
 Justinian, reign of, 11, 12. 
 Jutes hi Britain, 9. 
 
 K. 
 
 Koran, 15. 
 Kublai Khan, 35. 
 
 II. 
 
 Lancastrian Period, 42, 43. 
 l.and, distribution of, 29. 
 Langland, 44. 
 
 ,atin Kingdom of Constantinople, 
 33. 
 
 Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 31. 
 Laws of Justinian, 12. 
 League, Lombard, 35, 36. 
 League, Hanseatic, 38. 
 League with the Venetians, 33. 
 Leagues, 52. 
 
 Learning, revival of, 38, 39. 
 Leo III., the Isaurian, 12. 
 Leonardo da Vinci, 37. 
 Lies, Field of, 21. 
 Literature, English, 10, 44. 
 Literature in Florence, 37. 
 Literature, French, 47. 
 Literature, German, 54. 
 
 Literature of the Northmen, 26. 
 
 Literature, Spanish, 55. 
 
 Lombards, 6. 
 
 Lombards, conquered by Charle- 
 magne, 17, 18. 
 
 Lothaire, 23. 
 
 Louis III., the Child, 22. 
 
 Louis V., Le Faineant, 23. 
 
 Louis D'Outremer, 22. 
 
 Louis the Pious, 21. 
 
 Louis IX., Saint, 33, 34, 46. 
 
 Louis XL, K. of France, 47. 
 
 Louis the German, 21. 
 
 Louis IV., Emperor, 52. 
 
 Luxemburg, House of, 52. 
 
 M. 
 
 Magna Charta, 40. 
 Martel, Charles, 8. 
 Matilda, 29. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 71 
 
 Maximilian I., Emperor, 53. 
 Medici, 37. 
 Medinian Period, 14. 
 Meditations of Mohammed, 13. 
 Meersen, partition of, 21. 
 Meistersingers, 54. 
 Merovingians, 1, 2. 
 Michael Angelo, 37. 
 Migrations, barbarian, 1 ff. 
 Migrations, early Hunnic, 4. 
 Minnesingers, 54. 
 Moguls, kingdom in India, 35. 
 Mohammed, early life, 13 ; foreign 
 
 conquests, 14 ; character, 14. 
 Mohammed II., 35. 
 Mohammedans, creed, religious 
 
 duties and requirements, 15. 
 Monasticism, growth, orders, 30. 
 Mortgarten, battle of, 52. 
 
 N. 
 
 Narses, 11. 
 Neustria, 7, 8. 
 Nice, capture of, 31. 
 Nicholas, 33. 
 Nicopolis, battle of, 35. 
 Niebelungen Lied, 54. 
 Nobles, Louis XI. and, 47. 
 Normandy, Hollo in, 22, 28, 40. 
 Normans in Italy, 49. 
 Northmen, invasion of, 21, 28. 
 Northmen, settlements of, 26 ff. 
 Northmen in Italy, 28. 
 
 O. 
 
 Omar, 15. 
 
 Ommiades, 16. 
 
 Orders, military and religious, 32. 
 
 Orleans, siege of, 43. 
 
 Ostrogoths, early history, 5. 
 
 Othman, 16. 
 
 Otto I., the Great, 48. 
 Otto III., Emperor, 49. 
 Ottoman Empire, 35. 
 
 P. 
 
 Palace, mayors of, 8, 9. 
 Palace, school of, 20. 
 Pannonia, Vandals in, 2. 
 Papacy, rise of, 30, 31. 
 Papacy, theories regarding, 31. 
 Papacy, Henry III. and, 49. 
 Papacy, relations of Frederick II. 
 
 to, 51. 
 
 Patriarchates, 30. 
 Pepin of Heristal, 8. 
 Pepin of Landen, 8. 
 Pepin the Short, 8, 9. 
 Pepin, donation of, 8, 9. 
 Persia, conquered by Saracens, 15. 
 Petrarch, 39. 
 Pisa, 36. 
 
 Philip I., K. of France, 45. 
 Philip II., K. of France, 46. 
 Philip IV., K. of France, 46. 
 Philip VI., K. of France, 46. 
 Placentia, council of, 31. 
 Plantagenets, 39 ff. 
 Poitiers, battle of, 42. 
 Poland, Henry II. in, 49. 
 Poland, union with, 52. 
 Portugal, independence of, 54. 
 Printing, 39. 
 
 B. 
 
 Raphael, 37. 
 
 Rebellion, Wat Tyler's, 42. 
 Reforms, constitutional in Ger- 
 many, 53. 
 
 Reforms of Ivan the Great, 54. 
 Religion of the Arabs, 13. 
 
72 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Republics, Italian city, 35, 36. 
 Richard L, K. of England, 39. 
 Richard II., K. of England, 42. 
 Richard III., K. of England, 44. 
 Rienzi, Nichola Di, 37. 
 Robert the Pious, 45. 
 Rollo in Normandy, 22. 
 Roman Empire in the East, 11, 12. 
 Rome, coronation of Charlemagne 
 
 at, 18, 19. 
 
 Rome, bishops of, 30, 37. 
 Roses, Wars of, 43 ; results, 44. 
 Rudolph, Emperor, 52. 
 Ruric, descendants of, 54. 
 Russia, Northmen in, 26. 
 Russia, 54. 
 
 S. 
 
 Salic law, 7. 
 
 Saracens, rule of, 13 ff. 
 
 Saracens, wars with Charlemagne, 
 
 18. 
 
 Saracens, wars with Heraclius, 12. 
 Saracens in Spain and Gaul, 16. 
 Saxons, 9 ff. 
 Saxons, wars with Charlemagne, 
 
 18. 
 
 Saxony, House of, 48, 49. 
 Schism, great, 53. 
 Scholasticism, 38. 
 Scotland, Northmen in, 26. 
 Scotland, wars with, 41. 
 Sempach, battle of, 52. 
 Sicily, claim to, 51. 
 Sigismund, Emperor, 52. 
 Spain, Visigothic kingdom in, 2. 
 Spain, Vandals in, 2. 
 Spain, Saracens in, 16. 
 Spain, 54. 
 
 Spanish kingdoms, rise of, 54. 
 St. Albans, battle of, 43. 
 
 Stamford Bridge, battle of, 28. 
 
 Stephen, 23. 
 
 Stephen of Blois, 29. 
 
 Swend, King, 27. 
 
 Syria, conquered by Saracens, 15. 
 
 T. 
 
 Tamerlane, 35. 
 
 Templars, suppression of, 46. 
 
 Tewkesbury, battle of, 43. 
 
 Theodoric, 5. 
 
 Titian, 37. 
 
 Togrul Beg, 34. 
 
 Tolosa, battle of, 64. 
 
 Tournaments, 25. 
 
 Tours, battle of, 16. 
 
 Towns, 52. 
 
 Towton, battle of, 43. 
 
 Treaty of Verdun, 21. 
 
 Treaty of Wallingford, 29. 
 
 Treaty of Bre"tigny, 42. 
 
 Treaty of Troyes, 43. 
 
 Troubadours, 47. 
 
 Trouveurs, 47. 
 
 Truce of God, 45. 
 
 Turanian, 34. 
 
 Turk, Seljuk, 34. 
 
 Turks, invasion of, 53. 
 
 Tyrannies, 35. 
 
 U. 
 
 Universities, 38. 
 
 V. 
 
 Valois, House of, 46, 47. 
 Vandals, 2, 3. 
 Venetians, league with, 33. 
 Venice, 36. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 73 
 
 Verdun, treaty of, 21. 
 Visigoths, 1, 2. 
 
 W. 
 
 Waiblings, 50. 
 Wakefield, battle of, 43. 
 Wales, conquest of, 41. 
 Wales, rebellion in, 42. 
 Wallingford, treaty of, 29. 
 
 Warwick, 43. 
 
 Welfs, 50. 
 
 Whitby, council of, 10. 
 
 William the Conqueror, 28. 
 
 William II., Rufus, 29. 
 
 Worms, concordat of, 50. 
 
 Wycliffe, 44. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yorkist Period, 43. 
 
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 of men among the Greeks. 
 
 3. A thorough revision and systematization of Bulfinch's Stories of 
 Gods and Heroes : with additional stories, and with selections from 
 English poems based upon the myths. 
 
 4. Illustrative cuts from Baumeister, Roscher, and other standard 
 authorities on mythology. 
 
 5. The requisite maps. 
 
 6. Certain necessary modifications in Bulfinch's treatment of the 
 mythology of nations other than the Greeks and Romans. 
 
 7. Notes, following the text (as in the school editions of Latin and 
 Greek authors), containing an historical and interpretative commentary 
 upon certain myths, supplementary poetical citations, a list of the bette* 
 known allusions to mythological fiction, references to works of art^ 
 and hints to teachers and students. 
 
 GINN & COMPANY, Publishers, 
 
 Boston, New York, and Chicago. 
 
Elements of Chemistry 
 
 By RUFUS P. WILLIAMS, 
 
 Instructor in Chemistry in the English High School, Boston. 
 
 i2mo. Cloth. 412 pages. For introduction, $1.10. 
 
 DOZEN years of chemistry teaching in one of the largest 
 schools in the country have resulted in the methods 
 embodied in this book. The work is very much more com- 
 plete than the author's "Introduction to Chemical Science," 
 issued ten years ago. The essential facts, laws, and experi- 
 ments are presented in an attractive as well as an accurate 
 way. Rare elements and unimportant compounds are 
 omitted. 
 
 The descriptive parts are treated with fullness, and inter- 
 esting matter is added to awaken the zeal of the student. 
 Especial attention is called to the clean-cut and original 
 treatment of the laws and theories of chemistry. Such 
 usually dry subjects as Valence, What Reactions take Place, 
 Laws of Combination, etc., are made entertaining even to a 
 beginner. Theories are so graphically pictured that there 
 is left no vague uncertainty as to their meaning. Accom- 
 panying each element and law is a brief history of it. 
 
 The work is very fully and carefully illustrated with 
 entirely new designs, embodying many original ideas, and 
 there is a wealth of practical experiments. Exercises and 
 problems follow the discussion of laws and principles. 
 
 The subject-matter is so divided that the book can be 
 used by advanced schools, or by elementary ones in which 
 the time allotted to chemistry is short. 
 
 The author's aim may be stated briefly as twofold, to 
 present the truths of the science accurately, and to make the 
 subject fascinating to every student. 
 
 GINN & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, 
 
 Boston. New York. Chicago. Atlanta. 
 
M188921 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY