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 PRESENTED BY 
 
 PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND 
 
 MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID 
 
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CATALOGUE 
 
 PREPARATIONS, Sec, 
 
 MORBID, NATURAL, AND COMPARATIVE 
 ANATOMY, 
 
 CONTAINED IN 
 
 THE MUSEUM 
 
 THE ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, 
 FORT PITT, CHATHAM. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, 
 
 RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. 
 
 1833. 
 
6 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 With the opportunities which are afforded in the 
 Army for forming a Collection in Morbid Anatomy, it 
 has been a subject of regret with many, that nothing had 
 for so long time been done towards effecting this ; more 
 especially, as the post mortem appearances of diseases 
 comparatively of rare occurrence in civil life, might 
 have been preserved in such a Museum as that of the 
 Army. The earliest attempt at forming a Collection 
 was made at Portsmouth, in the year 1810, under the 
 superintendence of the present Director General, then 
 Inspector of Hospitals. Some Pathological preparations 
 were made at Hilsea Hospital, by the late W. W. Fraser, 
 Esq., and by Dr. James Forbes, who successively were 
 the Principal Medical Officers at Hilsea. During the 
 years 1810 and 1811 perhaps fifty Preparations were put 
 up at that place : after this nothing appears to have been 
 done till 1816, when a commencement was made at the 
 York Hospital Chelsea, to which the Preparations at 
 Portsmouth were removed ; but almost every one of these 
 were found to be in a decayed state. Small additions 
 continued to be made to the Collection at the York Ho- 
 a2 
 
IV PREFACE. 
 
 spital, until the Establishment was removed to Chatham, 
 where more space and better means of making Prepara- 
 tions were obtained ; and it is but seventeen years ago, 
 that the forming a Collection can be said to have been 
 seriously entered on at the only General Hospital that 
 remained after the conclusion of the war. As soon, how- 
 ever, as the intention was made known to the Medical 
 Officers of the Army, they were not slow in contributing 
 to it, from all the foreign stations where British troops are 
 quartered. But the difficulties were almost insurmount- 
 able at first ; for not only was it found almost impossible 
 to attempt to make and preserve Anatomical Preparations 
 in tropical climates, even after they had the aid of that 
 scientific chemist Dr. John Davy, but great difficulty was 
 experienced in conveying them to Britain, and the ex- 
 pense of the whole fell on the Medical Officers, who gene- 
 rously defrayed everything relating to the Establishment, 
 Government ha^^.ng done nothing towards it for several 
 years. The devoted zeal of the Medical Officers led to per- 
 severance through numberless difficulties, and at length 
 placed the Museum of the Medical Department of the 
 Army on a firm foundation. At its first formation, that 
 able Officer Dr. James Forbes was at the head of the Esta- 
 blishment of the General Hospital at Fort Pitt, and, but 
 for his zeal, ability, and steady perseverance, the Museum 
 must have fallen to the ground. Of the Officers then act- 
 ing under Dr. Forbes was the late lamented Mr. Schetky, 
 Surgeon to the Forces, at the same time an able drafts- 
 man and a minute Anatomist. He projected giving de- 
 
PREFACE. V 
 
 lineations of the contents of the Museum, and a Fasci- 
 culus was printed in 1824, which first made known to 
 their brethren in civil life what had been done by the Me- 
 dical Officers of the Army. This Fasciculus was brought 
 out under very great disadvantages ; no other has fol- 
 lowed, — but the design is by no means abandoned, and it 
 is hoped that in future Fasciculi the state of the Museum 
 will appear in a more favourable view than that conveyed 
 by the first. 
 
 Dr. Skey and Dr. Clark successively followed Dr. 
 Forbes as heads of the Establishment at Chatham ; and 
 much is due to the zeal and ability with which both these 
 excellent Officers have acted in bringing the Museum to 
 its present state ; as, likewise, to the gentlemen who came 
 successively into charge of the Museum, as Curators of it, 
 
 A few years ago the Collection of Books to form a 
 Library for the Medical Department of the Army was 
 projected. Their Library, which now amounts to about 
 2500 volumes, includes many of the most valuable pro- 
 fessional works, and promises to become a most respect- 
 able Establishment, and is entirely supported by gifts of 
 money and books, with bequests from the Medical Offi- 
 cers of the Army. It would be ungrateful if it were here 
 passed unnoticed that some of the most eminent of their 
 brethren in civil life continue to present their Works to 
 the Library of the Medical Department of the Army. 
 
 Soon after, a commencement was made of a Collection 
 in Natural History, and this is now placed in a separate 
 building, and contains many valuable specimens in the 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 three kingdoms of Nature. As soon as it can be done, 
 it is intended to publish a Catalogue of it. 
 
 The locality of Chatham for the Museum and Library- 
 has some advantages, as, being the General Hospital of 
 the Invalid Depot, it is fed with sick from among the 
 most confirmed cases of organic disease occurring in the 
 various chmates over which the Empire extends ; but it 
 is fondly hoped, that the time may come, when the Me- 
 dical Department of the Army shall have an Estabhshment 
 of their own in the Metropolis, which will not only con- 
 tain the Museums of Anatomy, of Natural History, and 
 their Library, but afford means for Officers, from all 
 parts of the world, again meeting, who had served to- 
 gether in years far gone by and in distant climates, and 
 associating with others who have more recently entered 
 the service, and thus afford the opportunity, in recount- 
 ing their services, to exchange opinions on professional 
 questions. 
 
 In the course of a few years the Anatomical Collection 
 became more considerable than could have been antici- 
 pated, and gave early promise of increasing to an extent 
 which would be at once a source of honourable pride to 
 its projectors, and of gratification to those by whom their 
 views were carried into effect. Its magnitude still rapidly 
 increases, and its value is now such, that a Catalogue of 
 its contents may with propriety be submitted to the De- 
 partment, in the hope that it will prove to some a source 
 of amusement and instruction, to others an example 
 worthy of imitation. 
 
PREFACE. VII 
 
 The Catalogue is confined to the professional parts of 
 the Museum, and especially relates to its most extensive 
 branch, — Pathology ; the classes of Natural and Com- 
 parative Anatomy being added to complete the whole of 
 the subjects connected with these sciences. Manuscript 
 Catalogues have existed from the time of its formation, 
 from which that now published has been compiled. The 
 alterations which have been made are for the most part 
 verbal, or condensations of the accompanying histories 
 and notices of cases. The descriptions of the Prepa- 
 rations have not been, and indeed could not be, mate- 
 rially changed, without altogether setting aside the ori- 
 ginal account of them, which, as it had been formed by 
 able Pathologists, it was not deemed expedient to do. 
 Some points, however, have been omitted ; as, for in- 
 stance, the names of those who were engaged in the ma- 
 nipulation and display of the Preparations, although they 
 are accurately preserved in the original ; the treatment, 
 which is not immediately connected with the subject, 
 and would have given an undue bulk to the volume ; and 
 the references to the detailed cases and dissections, which 
 are to be met with in the Medical, Surgical, and Necro- 
 logical Registers of the General Hospital. Such refe- 
 rences add greatly to the value of the morbid specimen, 
 as the history of each case connected with it can thus be 
 traced through all its details ; but as they can only be 
 made on the spot where the Manuscript Catalogues, with 
 the history of every case, even from the earliest attack 
 of disease in every foreign country, as well as at its ter- 
 
Vlll PREFACE. 
 
 mination at Chatham, in nearly 200 folio volumes of 
 Clinical cases, can be consulted, the multiplication of 
 them in the printed copies becomes superfluous. 
 
 Although it is matter of regret that an account of the 
 cases connected with the earlier Preparations has not 
 always been preserved, as well as of some of those trans- 
 mitted from foreign stations, yet the vast advantage 
 which this Collection derives from this very essential 
 point cannot but be apparent to, and appreciated by, 
 every member of the profession. It is probable that some 
 errors may have occurred in the insertion of the names 
 and rank of Donors ; they have, however, in no instance 
 been omitted where they are recorded ; and any Contri- 
 butor whose name does not appear, may feel assured that 
 such omission is the result of deficient information, rather 
 than of want of courtesy or attention. 
 
 In the Pathological Collection, the classification, which 
 was introduced by Dr. Davy^ has for its basis a Physio- 
 logical arrangement; one probably as little liable to ob- 
 jection as any other which could have been formed. The 
 Preparations are necessarily numbered according to the 
 dates of their admission into the Museum, rather than by 
 the immediate proximity of their subjects, the latter being 
 evidently impracticable in an aggregate which is con- 
 stantly increasing. The same division is pursued in the 
 Natural Anatomy. The arrangement of the Comparative 
 Anatomy is founded on the best authorities, among which 
 the illustrious Cuvier stands preeminent. It is scarcely 
 necessary to remark that the inversion of the order of 
 
PREFACE. ^ IX 
 
 the three Parts is the natural consequence of the superior 
 value and importance of the morbid branch, the others 
 being only addenda to this, the description of which is 
 the primary object intended here. 
 
 The comparative richness and poverty of the various 
 divisions will be apparent, on inspection of the Catalogue. 
 It may not, however, be impertinent to the subject to 
 notice in this place some of its most valuable sections. 
 These are — the specimens of Diseases of the Larynx, 
 Lungs, and, more particularly, the Heart and Arteries : 
 the various morbid appearances of the parts connected 
 with Digestion also abound ; and the series of the lesions 
 of the Liver is such as is scarcely to be met with else- 
 where. To these may be added an extensive collection 
 of examples of Diseases and Injuries of the Bones 
 and Joints, showing the effects of Wounds on them, 
 many of which are rare, and some unique ; also a con- 
 siderable number of Paintings and Drawings on profes- 
 sional subjects. 
 
 It is no less a duty than a satisfaction to record the 
 names of those gentlemen under whose care, and by 
 whose industry, the Museum has attained its actual im- 
 portance. To the indefatigable exertions and fostering 
 care of the Director- General and Principal Inspector- 
 General, it owes its existence, and, in a great measure, 
 its increase and present flourishing condition. Under 
 the auspices of the Director-General it w^as commenced, 
 and it has been zealously kept up by the able principal 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 medical officers at Chatham, Drs. Forbes, Skey, and 
 Clark. 
 
 The following gentlemen (some of whom live to enjoy 
 the credit of their labours, while others have been pre- 
 maturely snatched away by death,) were chiefly employed 
 in the immediate construction of the Preparations ; and 
 to them is solely due the state in which the Preparations 
 are now presented : viz. Staff Surgeons Schetky and 
 Millar, Staff Assistant Surgeons Ford, Bushe, Gulliver, 
 and Fagg ; the last of whom has been succeeded by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, the present able Curator. 
 
 Nearly the whole of the Paintings, and many of the 
 Drawings, are from the masterly hand of the lamented 
 Mr. Schetky, whose excellence as an Artist was only 
 equalled by his knowledge and acquirements in profes- 
 sional sciences, and as an Anatomist, 
 
 The names of the numerous gentlemen who have con- 
 tributed to the various branches of the Collection are 
 not recorded individually in this notice, because they 
 appear in the detailed descriptions, and their names are, 
 also, affixed to the Preparations themselves, on the shelves 
 of the Museum. 
 
 The thanks of the Department are eminently due to 
 those gentlemen who have contributed by pecuniary do- 
 nations to the printing of the Catalogue ; without their 
 assistance it would have been impracticable. The Cata- 
 logue of the earlier Preparations was arranged by Mr. 
 Schetky ; it was afterwards continued, and subsequently 
 
brought to its present state, chiefly by the labours of the 
 gentlemen who came successively in charge of the Mu- 
 seum. To Dr. Clark and Staff Surgeon Burton is due 
 the merit of the arrangement for printing it*. They claim, 
 however, no further credit than that of diligently trans- 
 cribing and revising its pages ; making such alterations 
 in the diction as seemed necessary to explain, elucidate, 
 or improve its contents ; and, in a word, performing the 
 part of Editor on this occasion : and the labour has not 
 been of a trifling nature. 
 
 Had this Collection been commenced at an earlier pe- 
 riod, — had it begun at the commencement of the last war, 
 it would have been, with the advantages then possessed, 
 unrivalled in the particular department of science which 
 it embraces. 
 
 In the Museum of Pathology, there are not unfre- 
 quently dupHcates of interesting specimens ; these it is 
 desired to give in exchange with preparations in other 
 Collections : and such interchange will be mutually pro- 
 fitable ; and this public communication is made with the 
 view of soliciting additions to the Museum. 
 
 The Preparations most wanted in the Collection of 
 the Medical Officers of the Army are, 
 
 In Healthy Anatomy. 
 1. Crania of the various Races of mankind. 
 
 * This is not the sole merit of those two able Officers in regard to the 
 Museum ; both have for a long time been efficient members of the Com- 
 mittees, for conducting both the Museum and Library, and Dr. Clark has 
 been the Chairman of both Committees. 
 
Xll PREFACE. 
 
 2. Preparations of the impregnated Uterus at various 
 periods of Gestation. 
 
 3. The Bodies of FcEtuses at different ages. 
 
 4. Preparations of the Lymphatics, Arteries, and Veins. 
 
 5. Coloured Casts of wax, to show the surgical re- 
 lations of the great blood-vessels and nerves, or of any 
 other important object. 
 
 In Pathological Anatomy. 
 
 1. Diseases of the Urinary or Generative organs, male 
 and female. 
 
 2. Injuries of the Bones, and of the Joints. 
 
 3. Hernise of both Sexes. 
 
 4. Monstrosities. 
 
 5. Diseases of the Eyes and Ears. 
 
 6. Tumours and all kinds of adventitious formations. 
 
 7. Drawings and Wax Casts, particularly of the dif- 
 ferent pathological conditions of the Brain, Eye, and 
 other parts, of which colour is one of the principal cha- 
 racteristics. 
 
 In the Natural-History Branch of the Museum. 
 
 1. Marsupial animals from Australia, preserved in 
 Spirits. 
 
 2. Snakes and Lizards from the Colonies, preserved 
 in Spirits. 
 
 3. Fish, dried, or preserved in Spirits. 
 
 4. Shells and Crustacea. 
 
 5. Crania of different Animals. 
 
 6. Small Skeletons, Natural, or Articulated- 
 
PREFACE. XUl 
 
 It is particularly desirable that all those who mean 
 kindly to become Contributors to the Museum, will 
 have the goodness to attend to the following circum- 
 stances. 
 
 When a pathological specimen is obtained, it ought to 
 be considered whether the colour is the most essential 
 character to be preserved. If so, the object should im- 
 mediately be put into a jar of pure alcohol, and being 
 hung in a suitable position, the evaporation of the spirit 
 is to be prevented by tying two layers of bladder over 
 the rim of the glass. Afterwards the whole is to be en- 
 veloped in brown paper, so as to exclude the light. But 
 in cases in which it is chiefly desirable to preserve the 
 forms and relations of objects, the specimen should be 
 macerated in water, till free of blood, and then put up 
 in a glass jar containing equal parts of water and strong 
 alcohol. It will materially add to the value of any pa- 
 thological preparation if it is accompanied by a document, 
 containing a minute detail of all the symptoms to which 
 the diseased condition gave origin, before the death of 
 the patient. 
 
 A much lamented deceased Member has bequeathed 
 his Books to the Library of his Brother Officers, but 
 hitherto no Bequest has been made to the Museum ; there 
 is no doubt, however, that benevolent individuals will 
 leave money for the maintenance of the Museum, and 
 towards the great object of obtaining a building for the 
 Museum and Library in the Metropolis, where the Medi- 
 cal Officers of the Army could meet for social intercourse, 
 
XIV TREFACE. 
 
 and in commemoration of the Benefactors of their Insti- 
 tutions. 
 
 In an Appendix will be found a tabular statement of 
 the present contents of the Museum as presented to the 
 body of Medical Officers on their Annual Meeting in 
 May, with the statements of their Library, Insurance 
 Society, and the Charitable Institution for the Orphans 
 of Medical Officers. 
 
 London, May 1833. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PART I. 
 
 Class I.— VITAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 RESPIRATION. 
 
 Division. Page. 
 
 I, Diseased Structure of Larjrnx 1 
 
 II. of Trachea 9 
 
 III. of Lung 11 
 
 CIRCULATION. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Heart 32 
 
 II. of Arteries 49 
 
 III. of Veins 66 
 
 IV. of Absorbents 68 
 
 Class II.— NATURAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 DIGESTION. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Pharynx and CEsophagus 69 
 
 II. of Stomach 71 
 
 III. of Small Intestines 76 
 
 IV. of Large Intestines 92 
 
 SECRETION. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Conglomerate Glands 106 
 
 II. of Liver 106 
 
 III. of Spleen 119 
 
 IV. of Kidney 122 
 
 V. of Skin 128 
 
 EXCRETION. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Bladder and Prostate Gland . . 130 
 
 II. of Urethra .., 134 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Class III.— ANIMAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 SENSATION. 
 Division. Page. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Brain 137 
 
 jj . . of Spinal Chord and Nerves .... 146 
 
 III! of Eye 146 
 
 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 L Diseased Structure of Bone 147 
 
 II - of Joints and Bursse 166 
 
 III^ of Spinal Column 174 
 
 IV. Injuries of Bones and Joints 177 
 
 V. Diseased Structure of Muscle 186 
 
 Class IV.— GENERATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
 
 I. Diseased Structure of Male Organs of Generation .. 187 
 
 II of Female Organs of Generation. . 192 
 
 Class V.-MALFORMATIONS ... 194 
 
 afl55 VI.— MISCELLANEOUS. ... 196 
 
 Paintings 201 
 
 Drawings 205 
 
 Prints 215 
 
 Casts 216 
 
 PART II. 
 
 Natural Anatomy 218 
 
 PART III. 
 
 Con)parative Anatomy 2 '5 7 
 
CATALOGUE 
 
 OF 
 
 PREPARATIONS, &c. 
 
 Part I.— MORBID ANATOMY. 
 Class I— VITAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 RESPIRATION. 
 
 Division I.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 LARYNX, &c. 
 
 ajARYNX and Trachea, — exhibiting ulceration of their 
 mucous membrane; the Epiglottis nearly destroyed. — 
 Presented by Dr. Sie-nvart, Surgeon, Jlst Regimeiit. 
 
 From Peter Meade, 71st Regiment, a patient with 
 confirmed Phthisis, who also complained of pain in the 
 Larynx, and inability to swallow solids. He had pre- 
 viously suffered from scrofulous ulcers in various parts. 
 Having died after a month's treatment, laryngeal dis- 
 ease was discovered, as described above, and the Lungs 
 were much tuberculated and ulcerated. 
 
 Larynx, — exhibiting extensive ulceration in the site of the 
 Chordae vocales of the right side, with deep excavation. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Ashworth, aet. 38, 1 2th Regiment, ad- 
 milted on his arrival from India, where he had served 
 many years. He stated that he had undergone, at dif- 
 
 B 
 
2 RESPIRATION. 
 
 ferent times, twelve courses of mercury ; but that he had 
 not been affected with any syphihtic complaint for nine 
 years past, about which time he had a Chancre and Bubo. 
 After two months' treatment, he died in a state of ex- 
 haustion ; and the only disease apparent, on dissection, 
 was that of the Larynx constituting the preparation. 
 
 3. Larynx, — exhibiting ulceration immediately above the 
 
 Chordse vocales, particularly on the left side. — Fort Pitt. 
 From Jeremiah Barley, aet. 32, 36th Regiment, who 
 was admitted into hospital, on his arrival from Malta, 
 moribund, with Phthisis of eleven months' duration. On 
 dissection, the Larynx was found as shown in the pre- 
 paration ; the Lungs contained tubercles and vomica2. 
 
 4. Larynx, — exhibiting ulceration of the mucous membrane 
 
 lining the epiglottidean and thyroid Cartilages. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Dalton, aet. 26, 83rd Regiment, who was 
 admitted with Consumption, on his arrival from Ceylon. 
 He had been an invaHd for three years, and sunk in a 
 month. On dissection, besides the state of parts shown 
 in the preparation, the Lungs were found to be tubercu- 
 lated, and the Litestines in a state of ulceration. 
 
 5. Larynx, — exhibiting oedema of the Glottis, and abrasion of 
 
 the Epiglottis. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Barnes, aet. 18, 2nd Regiment, ad- 
 mitted with confirmed Phthisis : he died in three months 
 and a half. On dissection, the mucous membrane lining 
 the Larynx, Trachea, and Bronchiae, was found abraded 
 throughout its entire surface; the Lungs contained many 
 vomicae, and the Intestines were extensively ulcerated. 
 
 6. Larynx, — exhibiting ulceration, which had extended into 
 
 the Trachea. — Ibid. 
 
 From Alexander Duff, aet. 32, 71st Regiment, who 
 was admitted with Consumption, and died after four 
 months' treatment. On dissection, the Larynx was seen 
 as above described, and the Lungs tuberculated. 
 
 7. Larynx, — exhibiting nearly total destruction of the Epi- 
 
 glottis, with ulceration of the mucous membrane, ex- 
 tending down the Trachea. — Ibid. 
 
 From Martin Browne, aet. 40, 84-tii Regiment, who 
 was admitted with an eruption covering the surface of his 
 body, particularly his head and back (vide Painting, 
 No. 13), and difficult deglutition. Me had been in India 
 for the preceding ten years, and had taken largely of 
 
DIVJSION I. 3 
 
 mercury, but not tor any venereal affection. Having died 
 at the end of three months, the Larynx and Trachea were 
 found, on dissection, as shown in the preparation ; and 
 serous effusion had taken place into the tissue of the 
 Lungs. 
 
 8. Larynx, — ^exhibiting ulceration of its mucous membrane, 
 
 extending down the Trachea. — Fori Pitt. 
 
 From Corporal William Adams, jet. 30, 10th Regi- 
 ment, who was admitted labouring under Phthisis pul- 
 monalis of six months' duration. After death, which 
 took place in five weeks, the Larynx and Trachea were 
 found in a state of ulceration ; the Lungs extensively 
 diseased ; and the Ilium, Caecum, and Colon, studded 
 with ulcers on their inner surface. 
 
 9. Larynx, — exhibiting two excavated ulcers, and exposure 
 
 of the thyroid Cartilages, in the site of the Chordae vo- 
 cales. — Ibid. 
 
 From Cornelius Conway, set. 28, 8th Light Dra- 
 goons, who had served eleven years in India, where he 
 had been a frequent sufferer from attacks of dysentery 
 and remittent fever, for which he had taken much mer- 
 cury. On his voyage homewards, about a month pre- 
 vious to its termination, he had a relapse of dysen- 
 tery, which, on admission into hospital, continued, at- 
 tended with singultus and distressing cough, and latterly 
 vomiting. He died in sixteen days. On dissection, the 
 Larynx was found ossified, and in a state of ulceration 
 internally, with a small piece of bone separated, and 
 lying in the ulcer on the right side. The lining mem- 
 brane of the Oesophagus was also abraded, and con- 
 tracted in its centre ; and the mucous tunic of the In- 
 testines ulcerated. 
 
 10. Ulceration of the mucous membrane lining the Larynx. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant G. M'Kenzie, set. 32, 72nd Regiment, 
 who, having long been afflicted with Consumption, died 
 five months after admission into the General Hospital. 
 On examination, besides the disease described in the 
 preparation, the Lungs were found to be extensively ul- 
 cerated, as was also the whole intestinal canal: Hydatids 
 ■were also discovered in one of the Kidneys. 
 
 11. The Os hyoides separated from the thyroid Cartilage by 
 
 a suicide. — Ibid. 
 
4) RESPIRATION. 
 
 From an Officer, aet. 31, a maniac, with well-marked 
 suicidal propensity. Having eluded the vigilance of his 
 attendants, he obtained possession of a razor, with which 
 he divided all the parts from the integuments of tlie 
 neck to the vertebras. Neither of the carotids, however, 
 were wounded; but the thyroid arteries were cut through, 
 and the wound proved fatal in a short time. 
 
 12. Larynx, — exhibiting thickening and ulceration of the 
 
 Epiglottis. — Ibid. 
 
 From Simon Woodstock, a^t. 40, 69th Regiment, a 
 worn-out subject from India, where he had resided a 
 long time, and had suffered from hepatic disease (for 
 the cure of which he had taken much mercury), and lat- 
 terly from dyspnoea and cough. On arrival at home he 
 laboured under symptoms of chronic Laryngitis and 
 pulmonai'y Consumption, from the pressure of which 
 he gradually sunk. On examination post mortem, the 
 mucous lining of the Larynx was found ulcerated and 
 thickened ; the Epiglottis half consumed ; the papills; of 
 the Tongue enlarged ; and the Lungs extensively in- 
 durated, tuberculated, and ulcerated. A section of the 
 Lung is also preserved. (Vide Division 3, No. 36.) 
 
 13. Larynx, — exhibiting oedema of the Epiglottis, and Rima 
 
 Glottidis. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Walsh, ast. 26, 87th Regiment, who had 
 for a twelvemonth laboured under scrofulous ulcera- 
 tions in the neck, and, for three months previous to 
 death, enlargement of the conglobate glands of all the 
 superficial parts of the body. This condition was at- 
 tended by atrophy, extreme debility, purulent expecto- 
 ration, night sweats, diarrhoea, and other signs of dis- 
 organization of the Lungs, under which he sunk. The 
 post mortem examination exhibited the above-mentioned 
 state of the Larynx, with tubercular and ulcerated Lungs. 
 The Intestines were studded with innumerable tubercles, 
 many clusters of which had run into ulceration : the 
 Liver had a marbled appearance, and was of highly 
 granular texture ; and the mesenteric glands were much 
 enlarged. 
 
 14. Larynx, — exhibiting extensive ulceration, and thickening 
 
 of its nuicous membrane. — Ibid. 
 
 From Matthew Carrol, 29th Regiment, ast. 29: having 
 been treated for secondary Syphilis, symptoms of Phthisis 
 laryngea set in, and terminated in death. On dissec- 
 
DIVISION I. 5 
 
 lion, the Larynx was found extensively ulcerated, and 
 its mucous membrane much thickened, even to the Dor- 
 sum linguae, the fungiform papilhp of which were en- 
 larged. The Epiglottis was so nearly destroyed, as to 
 be totally inadequate to its office. The Thyroid cartilage 
 was partly ossified, and its inner layer apj)eared as if 
 about to exfoliate. The only disease discoverable in the 
 Lungs was slight hepatization of the inferior part of the 
 left organ. 
 
 15. Larynx, — exhibiting induration, thickening, and ulcera- 
 
 tion of the mucous membrane lining the Rima Glottidis. 
 — History icnattainable. 
 
 16. Larynx, — exhibiting Varioloid Pustules. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Cowley, 1st Regiment, aet. 30, who 
 died of Variola, with secondary fever. (Vide Division II. 
 No. 4.) 
 
 17. Larynx, — exhibiting thickening, oedema, and ulceration 
 
 of the Glottis. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Larynx, — exhibiting oedema, ulceration, and effusion of 
 
 lymph. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Larynx, — exhibiting extensive thickening and ulceration 
 
 of its mucous membrane. — History unattainable. 
 
 20. Thickening and ulceration of the mucous membrane lining 
 
 the Larynx. — History unattainable. 
 
 21. Larynx, — exhibiting oedema. — History unattainable. 
 
 22. Larynx, — exhibiting the adventitious membrane formed 
 
 in Croup. — History unattainable. 
 
 23. Larynx, — exhibiting oedema; also enlargement of the 
 
 Tonsils. — History unattainable. 
 
 24. Larynx, — exhibiting thickening of the Epiglottis. — Hi- 
 
 story unattainable. 
 
 25. Larynx, — exhibiting the false membrane formed in Croup. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 26. Larynx, with lower Jaw attached, — exhibiting the result 
 
 of an operation for the cure of a fistulous opening made 
 in an attempt at suicide. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Thomas Holland, aet. 25, 36th Regiment, had at- 
 tempted suicide by cutting his throat, seventeen months 
 previous to admission into the General Hospital. At 
 this period a circular opening, about an inch in tliameter, 
 
6 RESPIRATION. 
 
 with callous edges, through which the Epiglottis was dis- 
 cernible, existed between the thyroid cartilage and the 
 Os hyoides, by which, when the patient attempted to 
 swallow fluids, a great part escaped. Four days after 
 his admission, the following operation was performed : — 
 A portion of integument was removed from below the 
 chin, and adapted to the opening above described, to 
 which it was secured by means of suture. This plan 
 succeeded, as may be seen in the preparation. The man 
 subsequently died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 27. Larynx, — exhibiting ulceration of its mucous membrane, 
 
 which extends into the Trachea. — History imhioxon. 
 
 28. Larynx, — exhibiting an extensive wound made in the thy- 
 
 roid cartilage by a suicide, considerable oedema of the 
 Glottis, and the Epiglottis completely detached. — Chat- 
 ham. Presented hy Dr. Davies, E. I. C. Service. 
 
 From a private of the East India Company's Infantry, 
 who, being admitted into hospital with a slight attack 
 of Cholera, the same evening began to evince symptoms 
 of insanity. During the night he effected several irre- 
 gular wounds in the thyroid cartilage with a blunt razor, 
 through which fluids issued when attempts were made 
 to swallow any, the Epiglottis being unable to prevent 
 it. Life was sustained for some days by means of a sto- 
 mach-pump. Post mortem examination discovered the 
 state of parts above described. 
 
 29. Larynx, — exhibiting ulceration of the Rima Glottidis, as 
 
 well as of the Velum pendulum palati. — Presented hy 
 Dr. Kinnis, Assistaiit Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 30. Larynx and Trachea, — exhibiting extensive ulceration of 
 
 their mucous lining. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Hazlewood, jet. 3i, 15th Regiment, who 
 was admitted into the General Hospital with Phthisis 
 pulmonalis, which commenced twenty months previ- 
 ously. After seven weeks' further suffering he died ; 
 and, on dissection, the Larynx and Trachea were found 
 as above described, the Lungs tuberculated, and seven 
 quarts of serous fluid effused into the cavity of the ab- 
 domen. 
 
 31. Larynx and Trachea, — exhibiting high inflammation of 
 
 their mucous lining, with lymph effused on its surface. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Michael Gollory, a-t. 23, 54th Regiment, a 
 
DIVISION I. 7 
 
 man ot" plethoric liabit, who was admitted into hospital 
 with premonitory symptoms of Rubeola, which ter- 
 minated, at rather a Late period, in that disease. On the 
 receclini^ of tlie eruption, his symptoms indicated evi- 
 dent determination to the chest, and, slightly, to the head 
 also, for both of which he was actively, but unsuccess- 
 fully, treated. He died on the 17th day. On dissection, 
 the bronchial membrane was found extremely inflamed, 
 the traces of inflammation becoming more intense in its 
 minute subdivisions. The posterior part of the left Lung 
 was in a state of hepatization, as well as that of the right, 
 though less extensively. 
 
 32. Larynx, — exhibiting well defined ulceration of its mucous 
 
 tunic. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 F'rom William Pitts, i\?t. 31, S^th Regiment, who, 
 having been afflicted with pulmonic disease for four 
 years, ultimately died of tubercular Phthisis. 
 
 33. Interior of the Larynx lined with copious deposit of 
 
 Lymph. — Ibid. 
 
 From Isaac Graham, set. 21, 31st Regiment, who was 
 admitted with confluent Small-pox. About the eleventh 
 day the mouth and Pharynx became covered with pus- 
 tules : symptoms indicative of their extension into the 
 Larynx also set in, (as viscid expectoration, cough, dif- 
 ficult deglutition, and urgent dyspnoea,) and continued 
 in an aggravated form until his death, which took place 
 on the fifteenth day. On examination post mortem, the 
 principal internal morbid appearance was the state of 
 the Larynx seen in the preparation. 
 
 34. Exhibits the effects of chronic Laryngitis; the Epiglottis 
 
 and surrounding cellular substance cedematous ; no ves- 
 tige of the Chordae vocales, but in their place an abun- 
 dant, firm, fleshy deposit, protruding so much as nearly 
 to obliterate the passage of the tube ; at the back part of 
 the cricoid cavity a large ulcerated cavern, with the car- 
 tilage bare, and involved in the process of exfoliation. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From William Trayner, £et. 27, Royal Staff" Corps, 
 who was admitted in August, 1829, with cough, difficult 
 expectoration, severe pain in the Larynx and Trachea, 
 and dyspnoea. Under these symptoms, in various de- 
 grees of aggravation, he lingered until the following 
 February. On inspection after death, the state of parts 
 described above was discovered ; the Lungs, with the ex- 
 
8 RESPIRATION. 
 
 ception of one or two hard tubercular deposits on the 
 left side, were unaffected by disease. — The case appears 
 to have been one of laryngeal Phthisis simply. 
 
 35. Larynx, with copious deposit of lymph, and the remains 
 
 of frequent clusters of pustules, apparent on its lining 
 membrane. — Portsmouth. Presented by Dr. Tuthiil, 
 Assista7it Surgeon, 52nd Regiment. 
 
 From a patient who died of Small-pox. 
 
 36. Larynx, ossified throughout. — Fort Pitt. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 37. Larynx, — exhibiting destruction of part of the lining 
 
 membrane, and deposition of coagulable lymph. — 
 Malta. — Presented by Dr. Con?iell, Assistant Surgeon^ 
 Rijle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from an infant, who died from the efTects of 
 this disease. 
 
 38. Exhibits ossification of the cartilages of the Larynx. — ■ 
 
 Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 39. Larynx,— exhibiting extensive ulceration, and destruction 
 
 of its mucous membrane. — Presented by Mr. Whyte, 
 Surgeon, 69th Regiment. 
 
 From Corporal David Murphy, who, having been 
 long affected with scrofulous ulceration in the neck, 
 ultimately died of pulmonary Consumption. 
 
 40. Larynx, — exhibiting very deep and extensive ulceration 
 
 of its internal surface. — Bengal. — PresentedbyDr. BurkCf 
 Inspector General of Hospitals.— History unattainable. 
 
 4L Larynx, with great thickening of the Epiglottis, and ex- 
 tensive ulcers on both al^e of the thyroid cartilages; 
 that on the right side communicating by a sinus between 
 the thyroid and os hyoides with the external integu- 
 ments of the neck. — Corfu. — Presented by Dr. M^Munn, 
 Assistant Surgeon, lOth Regiment. 
 
 Taken from Daniel Boyle, aet. 20, lOdi Regiment, 
 who had laboured under difficult deglutition for two 
 years, and was repeatedly near losing his life from the 
 detention of morsels of food in the passages. He had 
 been four years in the service, the greater part of that 
 lime in the Mediterranean. 
 
 42. Larynx, with a piece of detached bone imbedded in the 
 
DIVISION II. 9 
 
 left side of its inner surface. — Brighton. — Presented by 
 Mr. Rogers, Surgeon, \Oth Hussars. 
 
 P^rom John Price, aet. 34-, 10th Hussars. He was 
 admitted into Hospital with ulcers on the penis and 
 tonsil, for which he underwent a three weeks' course of 
 mercury, when the sore on the penis being healed, and 
 that in the throat becoming worse, the medicine was 
 omitted. At this time he was hoarse, and had stridu- 
 lus, and subsequently sonorous respiration, with cough, 
 and mucous expectoration. He died about a month 
 after admission, somewhat unexpectedly. On dissection, 
 the surface of the cervical vertebras was found in a ca- 
 rious state. On opening the Larynx posteriorly, the 
 piece of bone seen in the preparation was observed, oc- 
 cupying the site of the cricoid cartilage. It appears to 
 be an anormal formation, and not an extraneous piece 
 introduced in deglutition ; as, on the most particular in- 
 quiiy, there is no evidence that the man ever met with 
 an accident of that kind. 
 
 Division H.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 TRACHEA, &c. 
 
 1. Trachea and Bronchiae, — exhibiting extreme ulceration of 
 
 their mucous membrane; also enlarged conglobate glands 
 at the bifurcation. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 2. Trachea, — exhibiting an ulcer, which communicated with 
 
 the Gilsophagus. — Ibid. 
 
 From Luke Luxwell, a?t. 25, 4th Regiment, who died 
 in sixteen days after his return from the West Indies. 
 After death an ulcerated opening, about half an inch in 
 diameter, was discovered between the Trachea and CEso- 
 phagus; the Lungs were consolidated, and contained 
 vomicae in their substance; about a pint of fluid was ef- 
 fused into the cavity of the chest; and the mucous tunic 
 of the small intestines was extensively ulcerated. 
 
 3. A Kidney-bean impacted in the Trachea of a child, whereby 
 
 suffocation ensued. — Halifax Museum.— History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
10 IIESPIRATION. 
 
 4. Trachea, — the mucous membrane highly inflamed, the 
 
 effect of Small-pox.— Fo;-^ Pitt. 
 
 From the same patient as No. 16, Division I. 
 
 5. Trachea,— exhibiting extensive ulceration. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 6. Trachea,— exhibiting a Bronchocele. —i^is/forj/ unattain- 
 
 able. 
 
 7. Enlarged conglobate glands at the bifurcation of tlie Tra- 
 
 chea. — History unattainable. 
 
 8. An opening between the third and fourth rings of the 
 
 Trachea made in Tracheotomy ; also an Abscess in the 
 base of the Tongne.—Preseiited by Dr. Kemlo.— Hi- 
 story unattainable. 
 
 9. Bronchial gland?, — exhibiting abundant deposition of os- 
 
 seous matter. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Burkin, aet. 35, 4th Dragoon Guards, 
 who was treated for Phthisis pulmonalis, of which dis- 
 ease he ultimately died. On dissection, the Lungs were 
 found studded with tubercles in every stage of matu- 
 ration, the intervening tissue being inflamed. 
 
 10. Bronchial glands, presenting copious earthy depositions. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From John Rutledge, aet. 26, 1st Dragoon Guards, 
 who, having for a long time been affected with pectoral 
 disease, was admitted into the General Hospital with 
 unequivocal symptoms of tubercular Phthisis, and died 
 in a paroxysm of dyspnoea. On inspection, the Lungs 
 presented tubercular deposition, and vomicae : the ven- 
 tricles of the Heart were in a state of active aneurism, 
 and on the lining membrane of the left ventricle were 
 two distinct cartilaginous patches. On adding an acid 
 to a portion of the earthy substance, carbonic acid gas 
 was freely evolved. 
 
 U. Exhibits the effect of high inflammation of the bronchial 
 membrane, with grey hepatization of the pulmonic 
 tissue. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant M'Loughlin, <et. 30, 50th Regiment, 
 who was admitted into I lospital on his arrival from the 
 West Indies, with pulmonary Consumi)tion ; of which 
 disease, after having been affected with the usual train 
 and succession of symptoms, he eventually died. 
 
DIVISION III. 11 
 
 Division III.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 LUNGS, &c. 
 
 1. Portion of Lung-, — exhibiting carnification. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Corporal James Wilkinson, set. 38, 12th Regi- 
 ment, whose case was a complication of pulmonic disease 
 and Amentia. He was unable to give any account of him- 
 self. He- sunk gradually under these complaints, having, 
 for some time previous to death, passed his urine and faeces 
 involuntarily. 
 
 2. Lung, — exhibiting large Vomicae, a chalky concretion in 
 
 its substance, and ossification on its surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Wells, 3rd Battalion, German Legion, 
 who was received into the General Hospital, having a 
 harassing cough, difficult expectoration, and oppressed 
 respiration. Some time previous to death he coughed 
 up particles of calcareous matter. 
 
 3. Lung, — consolidated from inflammation and miliary Tu- 
 
 bercles. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from John Buchan, set. 42, 15th Regiment. He 
 was admitted labouring under intermittent Fever. While 
 under treatment for that disease he became affected with 
 cough, pain of the chest, difficult respiration, and scanty 
 expectoration. The post mortem examination proved 
 that effusion had taken place into the left pleural cavity to 
 the extent of about twenty ounces; and the Lung was 
 found as exhibited in the preparation. 
 
 4. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting hepatization. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Wilson, aet. 39, 84th Regiment, who was 
 admitted complaining of dyspnoea, and sense of constric- 
 tion across the chest, as well as of erratic pains in various 
 parts. After f[\e weeks treatment he died ; and on dis- 
 section, effusion was found to have taken place in both 
 sides of the chest; both Lungs were extensively hepa- 
 tized; and the Heart was enlarged, thickening of its 
 mitral and semilunar valves having taken place. 
 
 5. Lung,— exhibiting large Vomica, which communicate with 
 
 the Bronchia^, and are traversed by bands. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Robinson, a't. 23, 54th Regiment, who 
 was admitted into Hospital with Phthisis pulmonalis, 
 and died in four weeks. On dissection, the Lungs 
 
12 RESPIRATION. 
 
 were found tuberculated, and containing many large 
 voniicae, which were traversed by bands, and commu- 
 nicated with the Bronchiae. The Os frontis was also 
 carious, and the Cornea of one eye ulcerated. 
 
 6. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting hepatization. — Fort Pitt. 
 From Joseph Langden, a maniac, who, shortly after 
 admission, was seized with difficult respiration, and other 
 pectoral symptoms, under which he sunk. On exami- 
 nation, the Lungs were found as shown in the prepa- 
 ration. 
 
 7. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting carnification. — Ihid. 
 
 From Robert Hall, 24th Regiment, set. 2i, who was 
 received into Hospital on his arrival from India, la- 
 bouring under general disease of the osseous system, 
 induced by the use of mercury in syphilis, and other dis- 
 eases. On dissection, the Os frontis, as also the bones 
 of the upper and lower extremities, were found, more or 
 less, in a state of caries. Both Lungs were extensively 
 consolidated. 
 
 8. Lung,— exhibiting Vomica3 with cysts of cartilaginous 
 
 structure. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from Serjeant Plumer, aet. 36, 60di Regiment, 
 who was admitted, from the West Indies, in the last 
 stage of Consumption, with which disease he had been 
 afflicted for a year and a half After eight days' treat- 
 ment, death ensued. On dissection, the Lungs were 
 found to contain many vomicae with cartilaginous cysts, 
 the intermediate structure being consolidated. 
 
 9. Sac of an Abscess situated between the inferior lobe of 
 
 the Lung and the Diaphragm. — History unattainable. 
 
 10. Pleura, — exhibiting thickening; a portion of Lung at- 
 
 tached. — Tort Pitt. 
 
 From James Conolly, jet. 38, 67th Regiment, who 
 was invalided from India on account of a chronic pec- 
 toral affliction. He died on the day of his reception 
 into Hospital. On dissection, the Lungs were found to be 
 extensively diseased. 
 
 11. Pleura, — exhibiting ossification on its external surface; 
 
 the Lung consolidated, and adhering to \i.—Ibid. 
 
 From Richard Burbridge, tct. 55, 30th Regiment, 
 who was admitted in a state of insen.>,ibiHty, and died in 
 two hours. On examination after death, a considerable 
 
DIVISION III. 13 
 
 quantity of blood was found effused between the Brain 
 and dura mater; and osseous depositions were disco- 
 verable in the Pleurae and Diaphragm. 
 
 12. Lung, — exhibiting consolidation. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Samuel Bishop, a^t. 38, Royal African Corps, 
 who was received into Hospital with symptoms of Pneu- 
 monia, and died on the subsequent day. On dissec- 
 tion, the Lungs were found extremely hepatized, and 
 the Bronchiae inflamed. 
 
 13. Section of Lung, — exhibiting miliary Tubercles. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 14. Lung, — exhibiting the sacs of large Abscesses communi- 
 
 cating with the Bronchite: the Pleura thickened. 
 
 15. Section of right Lung, — exhibiting a large Vomica, tra- 
 
 versed by bands. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Joseph Benison, eet. 28, 7th Regiment, who, 
 having been treated for a glandular tumour in the left 
 groin, some time subsequent to admission was attacked 
 with symptoms of pulmonary Consumption, of which, 
 after five months' suffering, he died. 
 
 16. Section of Lung, — exhibiting consolidation. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from John Fox, get. 37, 8th Regiment, who 
 having been admitted into Hospital under a violent 
 attack of Pneumonia, notwithstanding the most active 
 treatment, died on the fifth day. Scctio Cadavcris : The 
 right Lung was sound ; the left had formed adhesions 
 to the surrounding parts, and was completely consoli- 
 dated. 
 
 17. Lung, — exhibiting a large and irregular excavation. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Allan, a3t. 36, 84th Regiment, who, 
 having been phthisical for two years previous to his ad- 
 mission, died after seven weeks' treatment. On dissec- 
 tion, the right Lung was found as shown in the prepa- 
 ration : the foramen ovale of the Heart was pervious. 
 (Vide Circulation, Division L No. 6.) 
 
 18. Osseous deposit between the Diaphragm and Lung, the 
 
 latter consolidated. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Section of consolidated Lung, — exhibiting vomical cysts 
 
 of cartilaginous structure. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Coulter, set. 48, 4th Veteran Battalion, 
 who had formerly suffered much from pectoral affec- 
 
14- RESPIRATION. 
 
 tions, and was admitted with symptoms of Phthisis pul- 
 monalis, of which disease he soon after died. On dis- 
 section, the Lungs were found to contain tubercles and 
 vomica?. 
 
 20. Lung, — exhibiting a very large Vomica, traversed by 
 many bands. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Tattersal, set. 36, 22nd Regiment, who 
 was admitted under symptoms of hectic fever. Being 
 fatuous, the nature of his disease could not be distincdy 
 ascertained. He continued under treatment for nine 
 months before death took place. On dissection, the left 
 Lung was found as seen in the preparation. 
 
 2L Lung, — exhibiting consolidation. — Ibid. 
 
 From Jeremiah Hodge, aet. 40, 9th Regiment. He 
 had been four months under treatment in the General 
 Hospital for symptoms of Phthisis pulmonaiis, and had 
 been discharged in an improved state of health. After 
 some time he was re-admitted labouring under fever, 
 which terminated his existence on the fifth day. On 
 dissection, effusion was found to have taken place be- 
 tween the membranes covering the Brain, and in the 
 ventricles: the right Lung was sound, the left hepa- 
 tized. 
 
 22. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting consolidation. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from John Chrystal, set. 40, 6Gdi Regiment, 
 who died of fever on the ninth day. On examination, 
 effusion was observed to have taken place into the ca- 
 vities of the Brain ; and the right Lung was consoli- 
 dated. 
 
 23. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting hepatization; the Pleura 
 
 costalis thickened and adherent. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Hammond, a?t. 43, 73rd Regiment, who,^ 
 having been admitted into Hospital with symptoms of 
 acute catarrh, died on the eighth day of Pneumonia. 
 On dissection, it was found that effusion had taken place 
 into the tissue of the left Lung; and the right, of which 
 the preparation is a portion, was he})atized. 
 
 24. Root of Lung, — exhibiting a large Vomica lined by a 
 
 false membrane. — Presented by Surgeon Burke, Rijie 
 Brigade. — History unattainable. 
 
 25. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting consolidation, and miliary 
 
 Tubercles.— ibr/ Pitt. 
 From Thomas Davies, a^t. ^6, 59th Regiment, an in- 
 
DIVISION III. J5 
 
 valid from India, received into Hospital with symptoms 
 of dysentery. In three weeks he died ; and, on dissec- 
 tion, it was discovered that the inner surface of the Colon 
 was extensively ulcerated ; diat effusion had taken place 
 into the left side of the chest; and that the Luno-of that 
 side was in the state above described. 
 
 26. Portion of Lung, thickly studded with Tubercles in dif- 
 
 ferent stages of maturation. — Presented by Surgeon 
 Burke, Uifle Brigade. — History unattainable. 
 
 27. Lung,— studded with granular Tubercles; the Pleura 
 
 thickened and agglutinated by an intervening substance. 
 — Foi't Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 28. Portion of Lung, — its substance condensed by the exist- 
 
 ence of numerous crude Tubercles.— York Hospital, 
 Chelsea. — History imattainable. 
 
 29. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting Tubercles and Vomica?. 
 
 York Hospital, Chelsea. — History unattainable. 
 
 30. Bronchial glands, much ^xA^xg^^.— Presented by Assistant 
 
 Surgeon Hendersoji, "JSth Regiment. 
 
 31. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting numerous Tubercles and 
 
 Vomicj3e ; also the mucous lining of the Bronchia3 ex- 
 tensively ulcerated. — Foi't Pitt. 
 
 From Corporal M'Adjmis, a.-t. 30, 10th Regiment. 
 He had been for six months under treatment, in his Re- 
 gimental Hospital, with a pectoral affection ; after which 
 he was transferred to the General Hospital, labourino- 
 under symptoms of confirmed Consumption, and died 
 at the expiration of five weeks. On dissection, the 
 mucous tunic of the Trachea and Bronchia? was found 
 extensively ulcerated ; the Lungs abounding in tuber- 
 cles and vomicae; and both the small and large Intes- 
 tines manifesting, in various parts, marks of ulceration. 
 
 32. Left lung, — exhibiting compression produced by the exist- 
 
 ence of air and fluid in the cavity of the Pleura. — Ibid. 
 Taken from Patrick Calnon, a?t. 28, 50th Regiment. 
 Admitted, on his arrival from Jamaica, May 9th, 1823, 
 labouring under pectoral disease, the result of an injury 
 received eighteen months before, which had produced 
 haemoptysis. On the 13th, after a violent fit of cough- 
 ing, he was seized with a sense of constriction in the 
 chest and abdomen, and rapid and difficult respiration; 
 pulse small, 130; heart pulsating under the right mamma, 
 
16 RESPIRATION. 
 
 and great mental agitation. On measurement, the left 
 thorax proved to be larger than the right, and a hollow, 
 tympanitic sound was elicited from it on percussion. 
 These symptoms affording strong presumption that air 
 was contained in theleft pleural sac, — on the 2 1st the ope- 
 ration for Empyema was performed between the eighth 
 and ninth ribs, when only five cubic inches of air were 
 collected, and the relief to the symptoms was inconsi- 
 derable. On the following morning, therefore, the ope- 
 ration was repeated immediately below the nipple, and 
 upwards of twenty-five cubic inches of air (containing 
 ninety-three parts of azotic gas, and seven of carbonic 
 acid,) were collected. The relief now afforded was great 
 and immediate, and the patient for some time improved 
 in health ; but on the 5th of June, he was again attacked 
 with dyspnoea, and other urgent symptoms. By the 
 15th, fluctuation could be discerned in the same cavity. 
 The symptoms becoming yet more aggravated, on the 
 25th the operation of Paracentesis Thoracis was again 
 performed, by passing a trocar and canula through 
 the substance of the fifth rib (Vide Class III. Locomo- 
 tion. Division IV. No. 5.), when twenty-four ounces of 
 serous fluid were obtained. The canula, furnished with 
 a stopper, being allowed to remain, fluid, which daily 
 became more puriform, was constantly discharged to 
 the amount of several pounds ; and gas (nearly in the 
 same proportions as already stated,) was collected in 
 large quantities at different periods. Hectic fever being 
 induced, the patient sunk gradually; his feet became oe- 
 dematous ; and on the 29th of July he suddenly expired. 
 Sedio Cadavcris : The Heart was thrust over towards 
 the right side of the chest; the Pericardium contained 
 three ounces of fluid ; the right Lung was slightly com- 
 pressed by the Heart, and adhered to the Sternum by 
 a band of lymph, which crossed the Pericardium; and 
 the substance of the Lung contained miliary tubercles. 
 On the left side was a cavity nearly empty ; the Lung 
 was much compressed; when inflated, three different 
 openings were discovered in it, by which air had escaped 
 into the pleural cavity. The Pleura was thickened, and 
 coated with lymph. The Liver was of a dark colour; 
 the Gall-bladder large, and contained a small quantity 
 of pale bile; the small and large Intestines exhibited 
 signs of former inflammation; and the cellular membrane 
 of the extremities was loaded with serum. 
 
DIVISION III. 1 I 
 
 33. Portion of Lung — consolidated, and containing two small 
 
 Vomicae. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 34. Cyst attached to the costal Pleura, and filled with hytla- 
 
 tids. — History unattainable. 
 
 35. Portion of the inferior lobe of the left Lung, — exhibiting 
 
 hepatization from inflammation. — Chatham. — Presented 
 by Dr. Skey, Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient, a boy, aet. 12, was attacked by acute 
 Carditis, with fatal termination in fourteen days. On 
 examination after death, a stratum of organized lymph, 
 the sixteenth of an inch in thickness, was found to con- 
 nect the Heart universally to the Pericardium (Vide 
 Circulation. Division L No. .51.); and the inferior lobe 
 of the left Lung was in the state above described. 
 
 36. Section of the left Lung, — exhibiting Tubercles, Vomicap, 
 
 and hepatization. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Simon Woodstock, cet. 40, 67th Regiment, who 
 had laboured under difficulty of breathing, and dry 
 cough, for a year previous to his leaving India, where 
 he had suffered from hepatic disease, and had used 
 much mercury. On admission into the General Ho- 
 spital, he laboured under symptoms of chronic Laryn- 
 gitis, and Phthisis pulmonalis, from the effects of which 
 he gradually sunk. On dissection, the mucous membrane 
 of the Larynx was discovered to be ulcerated and thick- 
 ened ; the Epiglottis half-consumed by ulceration (Vide 
 Division L No. 12.); and the Lungs, particularly the left, 
 extensively indurated, tuberculated, and ulcerated. 
 
 37. Portion of Diaphragm, immediately above the Spleen, — 
 
 exhibiting deposit of bony matter. — France. — Presented 
 by Assistant Staff Surgeon Twining. 
 
 From Brown, a baggage master attached to 
 
 the Army of Occupation in France, who, having fallen 
 from his horse when intoxicated, was carried home in a 
 state of insensibility, and died in the night. It was after- 
 wards discovered that his skull was fractured ; and four 
 ounces and a half of semi-coagulated blood were effused 
 between the dura mater and arachnoid. Deposits of 
 bone were also discovered in many parts of the Aorta 
 (Vide Circidatioii. Division IL No. 7.), as well as in the 
 portion of Diaphragm which forms this preparation. 
 
 38. Portion of Pleura, — exhibiting an osseous deposit. — Flis^ 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 c 
 
18 KESPIRATION. 
 
 39. Portion of Lung, — exhibiiing pulmonary Apoplexy. — 
 
 History tinattahiahle. 
 
 40. Adventitious cartilaginous substance, gluing the Pleura 
 
 costalis and pulmonalis together. — Albany Hospital^ 
 Isle of Wight. — History unattainable. 
 
 41. Portion of Lung, thickly studded with crude Tubercles; 
 
 the Pleura tubercuLited, thickened, and adherent. — Al- 
 bany Hospital^ Isle of Wight. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 40. 
 
 42. Right Lung, — exhibiting condensation and numerous ir- 
 
 regularly-shaped cavities. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Probert, aet. 22, 38th Regiment, a 
 young man of scrofulous habit, who was admitted for 
 disease of the hip-joint, on which phthisical symptoms 
 soon supervened. From the commencement of the pec- 
 toral affections, the progress of the original complaint 
 appeared to be suspended, his suffering being derived 
 altogether from the morbid condition of the chest, and, 
 latterly, of the abdomen. He lingered in Hospital twelve 
 montlis before he died. On dissection, the right Lung 
 exhibited the appearance shown in the preparation; the 
 Liver was enlarged; the Spleen lobulated (Vide Class IL 
 Secretion. Division IlL No. 9.), and situated on the right 
 side of the spinal column, the Caecum being lodged in the 
 left iliac fossa; and the small and large Intestines pre- 
 sented tubercular ulceration of their inner coats. A large 
 scrofulous ulcer was found in the substance of the left in- 
 ternal iliac muscle, having no connexion with the cavity 
 of the hip-joint, the soft parts surrounding which were 
 matted together by lymph. An abscess of moderate 
 size was detected in the Gluteus maximus near its in- 
 sertion, communicating with the inferior part of the hip- 
 joint; and the head of the Femur, and the cavity of the 
 Acetabulum, were extensively ulcerated, the cartilagi- 
 nous covering of the bones being almost totally de- 
 stroyed. 
 
 43. A mass of enlarged bronchial glands situated at the bi- 
 
 furcation of the Trachea, and immediately behind the 
 arch of the Aorta. — Ibid. 
 
 From Morris Lanegan, jet. 25, 67th Regiment. On 
 admission, he liad cough, ciyspna^a, and pain in the 
 chest; also diarrlioea. Alter death, effusion into the 
 risht side of the chest was discovered ; the same Lung 
 
DiviyiON III. 19 
 
 was collapsed; the left healthy; and the bronchial glands 
 as seen in the preparation. 
 
 44. Left Lung consolidated, and containing numerous large 
 
 and irregular Vomicae, having firm cysts, and commu- 
 nicating freely with each other, and with the bronchial 
 tubes. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Regan, a_'t. 23, GOth Regiment. While 
 serving in the VVest Indies he had several attacks of 
 pectoral disease, for which he was eventually invalided. 
 On his arrival at home he con)plained of cough, attended 
 with oppressed breathing, and pain under the left breast, 
 where the stethoscope, together with percussion, indi- 
 cated that the Lung was impervious to air. During his 
 sickness he was subject to periodical attacks of urgent 
 dyspnoea, and, latterly, hectic was superinduced, accom- 
 panied by a copious expectoration of fetid, puriform 
 fluid, which, for some time previous to death, was 
 coughed up in large quantities, and commonly tinged 
 with blood. On dissection, the right lung was found 
 adherent to the parietes of the chest, and its substance 
 contained many miliary tubercles; the left adhered 
 firml}', and universally, to the costal pleura, its bulk 
 being diminished, its substance consolidated, and con- 
 taining many irregular and considerable vomica?, which 
 communicated freely with each other, and with the bron- 
 chial tubes. The cysts of these cavities were of firm 
 consistence, and their internal aspect presented a dark 
 red appearance. The Heart was somewhat enlarged, 
 and its parietes attenuated. 
 
 45. Portion of Diaphragm, — exhibiting deposition of carti- 
 
 laginous substance. — Ibid. — History unattaivable. 
 
 46. Left Lung, — exhibiting tubercular degeneration, and Vo- 
 
 micae lined with a fine membrane; carneous bands inter- 
 secting the inferior cyst. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Rogers, a^t. 20, 54th Regiment, a patient 
 with cough and pain of the breast, for which he had 
 been freely bled at different times with temporary re- 
 lief. Subsequently debility ensued, the thoracic pain 
 continued, with increased cough and dyspnoea, puru- 
 lent expectoration, and all the symptoms of hectic fever 
 depending on confirmed pulmonary Phthisis, of which 
 he died. 
 
 4/. Lung converted throughout into a mass of caseous mat- 
 ter, — Ibid. 
 
 c 2 
 
20 RESPIRATION. 
 
 From John Coulands, jet. 19, 51st Regiment, who 
 died of Phthisis pidmonaHs. On dissection, the right 
 Lnng was found studded with scrofulous deposits, the 
 Pleura being in a state of tubercular degeneration, but 
 free from adhesions ; the interposed cellular tissue sound. 
 The left Lung was universally adherent to the thoracic 
 ])arietes, and converted throughout into a mass of ca- 
 seous matter, without a vestige of its original structure. 
 The Peritoneum was tuberculated. (Vide Class II. Di- 
 gestion. Division III. Nos. 49. and 50.) 
 
 48. Is an example of pulmonary Apoplexy. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Twinam, 4<0th Regiment, jet. 26. He 
 was admitted into his Regimental Hospital labouring 
 under pectoral disease, which, at first, was supposed to 
 be incipient Phthisis. In a short time dropsical effusion 
 taking place, particularly in the lower extremities, he 
 was transferred to the General Hospital, where it was 
 noted that the disease was dropsy, depending upon or- 
 ganic lesion of the Heart. No irregularity was observed 
 in the pulse, but the carotids pulsated with unusual vio- 
 lence. The ordinary treatment was adopted without 
 advantage, and death ensued. The Lungs were sound, 
 except the appearance represented in the preparation; 
 the Heart diseased. (Vide Circulation. Division I. 
 No. 65.) 
 
 49. Apoplexy of the Lung. — Ibid. 
 
 50. Portion of right Lung and thoracic parietes, — exhibiting 
 
 adhesions of the Pleurae, and a large cavity intersected 
 by fleshy bands; the anterior part of the organ com- 
 pletely converted into scrofulous matter. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Barry, 77th Regiment, a?t. 28, who be- 
 came affected with melancholy, while serving in Jamaica. 
 He was admitted into the General Hospital, on arrival 
 in England, with confirmed Phthisis, of which he soon 
 died. On dissection, besides the pulmonary disorgani- 
 zation exhibited in this and the following preparation, 
 the Cfecum and Colon were affected with tubercular 
 ulceration. 
 
 .51. Left Lung, — showing every stage of tubercular degene- 
 ration. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 
 .52. SectionofLung,— consolidated, and exhibiting a deposition 
 
DJMSION lit. 21 
 
 of lyiDpl], in a lace-like fbnn, on tlie surface of the 
 Fleimi.— Furt Piit, 
 
 From Thomas Jones, 46th Regiment, aet. '50, who 
 was admitted with common continued Fever of two days 
 standing. The following day symptoms of thoracic con- 
 gestion set in, which did not yield to antiphlogistic re- 
 medies; and the course of the lever continuing, accom- 
 panied by increase of cough and dyspnoea, the sensorium 
 became affected, and he sunk on the tenth day of the 
 (Hsease. Post mortem examination exhibited a highly 
 inflamed state of the bronchial lining, and tubercular 
 deposits in many parts of the Lungs. The cavity of the 
 right Pleura contained about a quart of serous fluid. 
 
 53. Portion of Lung, — carnified, and exhibiting a pseudo- 
 
 membranous crust on the surface of the Pleura. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 
 54. Section of the right Lung, — exhibiting phlegmonoid pu- 
 
 rulent cysts. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Landrigan, 54th Reoiment, let. 22, who 
 was admitted into Hospital with slight febrile symptoms. 
 Shortly after a pectoral affection supervened, and he 
 was suddenly attacked with rigors, succeeded by faint- 
 ings and cold perspirations. He then became somewhat 
 better ; but in a few days was again attacked by the same 
 train of symptoms, which recurred many times with dif- 
 ferent degrees of violence until his dissolution, in two 
 months from the accession of the disease. After death, 
 two small abscesses were discovered in the Liver, be- 
 sides those in the Lung. The lesion in the latter organ 
 was totally unaccompanied by tubercular degeneration. 
 
 55. Portion of the right Lung, — consolidated, extremely vas- 
 
 cular, and exhibiting a small abscess. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 
 56. Right Lung, — exhibiting tubercular infiltration, exten- 
 
 sive Vomicae, and thickening of the Pleura. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as No. IL Division IL 
 
 57. Left Lung, — in a state of collapse, and exhibiting a thick 
 
 pseudo-membranous deposit on the surface of the pul- 
 monary and costal Pleurte. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Logan, aet. 35, 85th Regiment, who 
 had served in the West Indies, and Malta. He was 
 admitted into the General Hospital with peritoneal 
 
22 RESPIRATION. 
 
 dropsy, and chronic Hepatitis, under which diseases his 
 constitution gave way. Antopsia: — The left thoracic ca- 
 vity contained about two quarts of fluid, the Lung was 
 compressed against the mediastinum, and the whole 
 surface of the Pleura was coated with the cartilaginous 
 adventitious membrane seen in the preparation. The 
 peritoneal cavity contained a large quantity of fluid; 
 the mucous tunic of the Intestines was inflamed, and 
 covered with copious deposits of lymph. (Vide Class II. 
 Digestion. Division III. No. 54.) 
 
 .58. Portion of Diaphragm, the pleural surface of which is 
 coated with a layer of newly-formed lymph. — Fort Fitt. 
 From John Hurlihey, 87th Regiment, who was ad- 
 mitted with the usual symptoms of Phthisis pulmonalis, 
 accompanied by acute pain in the right hypochondrium. 
 He soon sunk under the attending hectic fever. On 
 dissection, the Lungs were found to be studded with 
 crude tubercular matter and vomicae, the interposed 
 tissue being oedematous. The right pleural bag con- 
 tained about a quart of turbid serum, and the membrane 
 was coated with a soft pseudo-membranous deposit, as 
 represented in the preparation. The whole tract of In- 
 testine was more or less affected with ulceration. The 
 Liver was granular, of a brown colour, and much di- 
 minished in size: the Gall-bladder contained a calculus 
 about half an inch in diameter. (Vide Class II. Di- 
 vision III. Nos. 65, and 66.) 
 
 tion oi 
 —Iljid. 
 
 From John M'Cann, 95th Regiment, a?t. 28, who 
 had been, for two years, more or less affected with 
 dyspnoea, cough, and expectoration. The most urgent 
 symptoms, on admission, were distressing dyspnoea, 
 purulent expectoration, and debility, which continued to 
 increase to the period of his dissolution. On opening 
 the thorax, the Lungs did not collapse, being in a state 
 of emphysema, with a prodigious number of dilated 
 pulmonary vesicles presenting beneath the Pleura. In 
 the apex of the right Lung was a vast cyst, lined with a 
 tough, cartilaginous membrane; the pulmonary paren- 
 chyma in the vicinity was healthy. In the posterior 
 parts of the Lungs were some crude tubercular deposits, 
 surrounded by inflamed and engorgeti pulmonaiy tissue. 
 
DIVISION III. 23 
 
 The Heart afforded ii good instance of passive aneu- 
 rism of all its chambers. 
 
 60. Portion of right Lung, — exhibiting a vast tubercular ex- 
 
 cavation, lined by a tough semi-cartilaginous membrane, 
 in which are several openings of bronchial tubes. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 The parietes of this cyst were so adjusted as only to allow 
 of room for about half an ounce of grumous blood, inden- 
 tations on the surface of the Lung denoting the extent 
 and situation of the cavity. 
 
 61. Exhibits thickening of the costal Pleura, from deposition 
 
 of lymph on its serous surface. The adventitious mem- 
 brane had acquired very considerable toughness. — Ibid. 
 From Michael Stapleton, 14th Regiment, set. 21, who 
 had been treated for a pulmcmic affection about eight 
 months previous to his death. Five months afterwards, 
 he was admitted into the General Hospital with epi- 
 lepsy, and paralysis of the right arm. The paroxysms 
 of the former were frequent: he had also diarrhoea. At 
 length the animal and sensorial powers diminishing, 
 torpor supervened, and he became emaciated, notwith- 
 standing the liberal use of nutriment, which a voracious 
 appetite rendered imperative. He then became affected 
 with coma, the pupils were dilated and insensible to the 
 stimulus of light, and strabismus succeeded ; after which 
 he soon died. On dissection, the dura and pia mater 
 were adherent. The lateral ventricles contained four 
 ounces of limpid fluid. The cerebral substance was 
 softer than usual, and in dividing the left hemisphere, 
 several deposits of a yellowish tinge, and moderately- 
 firm texture, presented in the middle lobe. Similar 
 substances, but of smaller size, were discovered in the 
 right hemisphere, and in the Cerebellum. In the chest, 
 the upper and posterior part of both Lungs was agglu- 
 tinated to the contiguous ribs, by a firm adventitious 
 membrane between the layers of the Pleura, the inferior 
 free portion of the sacs being distended with about a 
 quart of turbid fluid, and the serous surface of the mem- 
 brane coated with lymph, as seen in the preparation. 
 The substance of the Lungs contained a kw miliary 
 and crude tubercles; and the bronchial glands pre- 
 sented tubercular deposit. The whole of the abdominal 
 viscera were matted toiiether bv adhesion. The Peri- 
 
24 RESPIRATION. 
 
 toneuin presented many tubercular accretions. The Kid- 
 nies also contained tubercular deposits. (Vide Class II. 
 Division III. No. 60. — Class III. Sensatiu?i. Division I. 
 Nos. 28, 29, and 30.) 
 
 62. Duplicate of the preceding preparation — Fori Pitt. 
 
 63. Section of Lung, — exhibiting enlargement of the air-cells, 
 
 and crude tubercular deYto^xX-.—Presented hy Mr. Gul- 
 liver, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a middle-aged man, who died of Phthisis. The 
 most distressing symptom during life was constant 
 dyspnoea, to such a degree that a "roaring" was audible 
 at a considerable distance. The Lungs presented many 
 crude and mature tubercles, with consolidation of the 
 intervening substance, except at the inferior part of the 
 right Lung, which was as represented in the preparation. 
 The cysts beneath the Pleura appear to have been pro- 
 duced by the rupture of the boundaries of many air- 
 cells. The bronchial tubes were completely filled with 
 tenacious muco-purulent matter. 
 
 64. Portions of Lung, — exhibiting well-defined deposits of 
 
 medullary matter. — Ibid. 
 
 From Samuel Burn, aet. 34, 4th foot. While at Lis- 
 bon, his right Testis was extirpated, on account of a can- 
 cerous affection. Two days after the operation he em- 
 barked for England, and, on arrival, was admitted into 
 the General Hospital. The wound at that time was 
 healthy, and partially cicatrized. In a few days, however, 
 he beg'an to complain of headache, his countenance be- 
 came cadaverous, and an unhealthy cauliflower-like 
 fungus sprouted up from the sore, the surrounding parts 
 being livid and indurated. An abundant, fetid, sanies 
 was now discharged, the diseased growth rapidly ex- 
 tended, the whole Scrotum and part of the Penis became 
 involved, superficial sloughs formed, and the patient 
 was finally worn out after five months sojourn in Ho- 
 spital. He never complained of any thoracic affection. 
 The preparation exhibits very good examples of the 
 encephaloid tumours of French authors. These de- 
 posits possess no capsules, but appear to be in innnediate 
 contact with the contiguous healthy ()nlmonic tissue; 
 they are of soft, pulpy texture, approaching very nearly 
 the structure of the foetal brain. 
 
 65. Duplicate of the preceding preparation — Ibid. 
 
DIVISION III. 25 
 
 66. Section of Lung, — exhibiting miliary and crude tubercu- 
 lar deposits, with consolidation of the interposed tissue. 
 Small Vomica? are also displayed. The preparation is 
 minutely injected, and the pulmonic tissue presents the 
 highest vascularity. It is doubtful whether any of the 
 injection has entered the tubercular matter, as the small 
 red puncta appearing in some of the deposits may be 
 remnants of pulmonary parenchyma. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick M'Guffick, 61st Regiment, set. 25, 
 who was fifteen weeks under treatment, with all the 
 symptoms of confirmed Consumption, under which he 
 sunk. 
 
 ^T. Portion of Lung, — condensed, and presenting different 
 stages of tubercular deposit. The bristle denotes the com- 
 munication between a bronchial tube and small Vomica. 
 Li this preparation an attempt has been made to inject 
 the Tubercles. The false friable membrane which lined 
 the excavations having been washed away, it will be 
 seen how highly vascular their parietes are. An accurate 
 examination will show that the injection has penetrated 
 to the very centre of some small Tubercles, a pheno- 
 menon certainly not produced by a transverse section 
 of an injected blood-vessel. — Ibid. 
 
 From a middle-aged man, who died of Phthisis. 
 
 68. Portion of left Lung, exhibiting miliary Tubercles, some 
 
 of which have coalesced, and, in one situation, a Vomica 
 is formed, which is lined by highly vascular parietes. 
 The preparation is minutely injected'; but the tubercular 
 matter exhibits no unequivocal traces of vascularity. — 
 Presented by Mr. Gidliver^ Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 From an abandoned female, set. 17, who died of a 
 very rapid Phthisis. 
 
 69. Section of the left Lung, exhibiting several irregular ex- 
 
 cavations, and consolidation of the contiguous tissue by 
 abundant tubercular infiltration. The preparation ex- 
 hibits a well-marked example of gray hepatization. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Donald Grant, aet. 26, sent home from the 
 West Indies, where he had served seven years, on ac- 
 count of Phthisis. When admitted, he was affected with 
 pain of the chest, dyspnoea, and copious muco-sangui- 
 nous and, subsequently, purulent, expectoration, under 
 
26 RESPIRATION. 
 
 which he gradually sunk, and died. On dissection, the 
 right Lung was also found similarly' affected, but in a 
 less degree. The left ventricle of the Fleart was dilated, 
 and its parietes thickened. The mesenteric glands were 
 enlarged and fleshy. 
 
 70. Section of the right Lung, — much consolidated by the in- 
 
 flammatory process. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Springate, ast. 39, Royal African 
 Corps. He had frequent attacks of remittent fever in 
 Africa, where he had served twelve years. On admission, 
 he had pectoral pain, respiration quick and anxious, 
 rapid pulse, and other hectic symptoms, which, with 
 incessant diarrhoea, soon ilestroyed him. 
 
 71. Duplicate of the preceding preparation. — Ibid. 
 
 72. Portion of left Lung, — converted into cartilaginous sub- 
 
 stance. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, a?t. 36, who had been many years 
 affected with Phthisis pulmonalis, of which he ultimately 
 died. The Lungs were, nearly throughout, tuberculated, 
 excavated, and consolidated ; and the posterior part of 
 the left Lung had undergone the cartilaginous transfor- 
 mation exhibited in the preparation. 
 
 73. Portion of left Lung, — exhibiting a fibro-cartilaginous 
 
 investment of vast thickness. — Ibid. 
 
 From a man, who, having many years suffered from 
 the sequelae of Pleuritis and Pneumonia, ultimately died 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 74. Presents a very abundant deposition of lymph on the 
 
 costal and diaphragmatic PleiujE. — Ibid. 
 
 From Henry Humphries, 1st Regiment, set. 23, a 
 phthisical patient. On admission into the General Ho- 
 spital, he was affected with cough, dyspnoea, and mucous 
 expectoration, accompanied by frequent palpitations, 
 and spasmodic pains of the chest, all of which symptoms 
 became aggravated to the period of his dissolution. On 
 dissection, the left Lung was found agglutinated to the 
 surrounding parts by a very thick semi-cartilaginous, 
 adventitious mass. The right was collapsed, and the 
 pleural cavity of that side contained two quarts of well- 
 formed pus. 
 
 75. Portion of Diaphragm, — exhibiting a pseudo-membranous 
 
DIVISION Ilf. *J7 
 
 deposit on its pleural surface, and an adventitious pro- 
 cess of lymph attached by a slender peduncle to the 
 serous membrane. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as Nos. 60 and 61. 
 
 76. Conical Cyst, — projecting from the Diaphragm into the 
 left pleural bag. — Portugal. — Presented by Mr. Ford, 
 Assistcmt Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a man of the 60th Regiment, who died from 
 the bursting of an aortal aneurism into the right Lung. 
 The Cyst had the appearance of a diaphragmatic her- 
 nia; its serous sui'face was vascular, and its weight equal 
 to an ounce and a half When punctured, about an 
 ounce of an extremely tenacious fluid, of a muddy co- 
 lour, escaped. 
 
 7'J. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting tubercular infiltration, the 
 process of softening having commenced in the centre of 
 the mass. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From .John Breathing, 60th Regiment, affected with 
 mania. Llis health declined for four months previous 
 to his death, during which he presented a state of 
 atrophy without any well-defined morbid disorganiza- 
 tion. On inspection, many small masses, similar to 
 that in the preparation, were discovered, without any 
 appearance of miliary tubercle. The thoracic Aorta 
 was diseased. (Vide Circidation. Division IL No. 49.) 
 
 78. Lungs of a Monkey, — affected with tubercular Phthisis, 
 
 in all its stages. — Presented by Mr. Ford, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 12nd Regiment. 
 
 The animal died at the Cape of Good Hope, having 
 had symptoms indicative of the disease for many months. 
 
 79. Gangrenous Lung. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Bevan, 10th Regiment, aet. 27, who was 
 sent home from Portugal in the last stage of Phthisis. 
 He was admitted in a moribund state, and died on the 
 evening of the day of his admission. On examination, 
 the upper lobe of the left Lung was found converted into 
 a large cavity, filled with black, and very fetid, matter, 
 and containing also a large, black, solid slough, which 
 adhered, at one part, to the walls of the cavity. The 
 other Lung contained many crude tubercles. 
 
 80. Portion of right Lung, — with a large excavation in the 
 
 apex, and a considerable bronchial tube opening imme- 
 diately into it. — Ibid. 
 
28 KESPJ RATION. 
 
 From John Arundel, set. 40, 62nd Regiment, who, 
 for some time previous to death, evinced unequivocal 
 symptoms of Phthisis pulmonalis. On dissection, the 
 right Lung was found loaded with tubercular matter in 
 an advanced stage; the left had a few miliary tubercles 
 towards the aj)ex. 
 
 un<T 
 
 »' 
 
 81. Exhibits adhesions between the Pericardium and L 
 
 and between the latter and the costal Pleura. — Malta. — 
 Presented hij Mr. Lightbodij, Surgeon, 9,0th RegimeJit.^ 
 Historij unattainable. 
 
 82. Portion of Lung,— the investing Pleura of which was 
 
 raised by a collection of air, and greatly thickened. — 
 lliid. — Presented by Dr. White, Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 The man from whom this preparation was taken died 
 of tubercular Phthisis. The cavity did not communicate 
 with the Bronchia^. 
 
 83. Portion of the lower lobe of the left Lung,— exhibiting a 
 
 large earthy deposit. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From James M'Goff, aet. 38, 43rd Regiment, who 
 had hemiplegia for six months previous to death. On 
 examination, the Lungs were healthy, with the excep- 
 tion prepared. The lining membrane of the arch of the 
 Aorta had some atheromatous patches beneath it. 
 
 84. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting dilatation of one or mere 
 
 air- vesicles. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 85. Portion of left Lung, — with much deposit of yellowish 
 
 cheesy matter at its base. — Ibid. 
 
 From Joseph Price, aet. 27, 19th Regiment, who was 
 sent home from the West Indies for pulmonary disease, 
 havino- previously suffered from dysentery and hepa- 
 titis. He lingered upwards of six months in Hospital, 
 before he dieci. On post mortem examination, cheesy 
 tubercles were found in the Lungs, but only one vo- 
 mica. The left Lung was much carnificd, and the 
 bronchial ramifications very red. 
 
 86. Portion of right Lung,— exhibiting the same appearance 
 
 as the preceding preparation, but in a less degree. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 85. 
 
 87. Pleura costalis greatly ecchymosed,— and lined at many 
 
 parts with thin layers of coagulated blood. — Ibid. 
 
DIVISION III. 29 
 
 From Edward M'Cabe, aet. 23, 89th Regiment, who 
 was landed from India, and admitted into Hospital, 
 dying from Scorbutus, the prominent symptom being 
 orthopnoea. He died in twelve hours after admission. 
 On examination, about three pints of sanguinolent fluid 
 were found in both pleural bags, with loose coagula at 
 the back part. The Pleura pulmonalis was, at many 
 parts, covered with coagulable lymph, and the Pleura 
 costalis presented the appearance seen in the prepara- 
 tion. The Lungs were much compressed. Both the small 
 and large Intestines exhibited petechifE on their exter- 
 nal surface: and there were also numerous petechial 
 spots on the legs and thighs. 
 
 88. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting a phlegmonous abscess. — 
 
 Presented by Mr, Orr, Assistajit Swgeon, Sth Light Dra- 
 goons. 
 
 From a youth, set. 18. He had complained of dys- 
 pnoea for some time before his death, but was never 
 seriously indisposed. He died while on a journey. On 
 examination post mortem, it was found that an abscess 
 in the right Lung had burst into the pleural bag, which 
 contained about eight pints of a puriform fluid. The 
 left Lung was perfectly healthy, as were the other 
 viscera. In the section of the affected Lung displayed 
 in the preparation there is no appearance of tubercle. 
 
 89. Portion of left Lung, — exhibiting large masses of scro- 
 
 fulous matter deposited in its substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a medical Officer, aet. 27, who was for several 
 years a martyr to Cachexia syphiloidea. At length a 
 carbuncle, encouraged by the depraved state of his con- 
 stitution, appeared in the centre of the right arm, and, 
 ultimately, involved the great vessels in its sloughing 
 course. Alarming haemorrhages taking place, a ligature 
 was placed on the brachial artery with temporary suc- 
 cess : but the bleedings again returning to such amount 
 as to threaten his immediate existence, the limb was 
 removed. At the end of a few weeks, when the stump 
 was nearly healed, he sunk from the course of the ori- 
 ginal disease, in a dreadful state of emaciation. 
 
 90. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting on its surface tubercular 
 
 deposit. — Malta. — Presented hi) Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 From a man who was drowned. The deposition con- 
 sisted of animal matter and phosphate of lime. 
 
30 KESPIRATION. 
 
 91. Portion of Diaphragm, — exhibiting a solution of conti- 
 
 nuity. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Smyth, Assistard Sur- 
 geon, 85tk Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment, who was killed 
 by a fracture of the skull. On dissection, seventeen 
 hours after death, an extensive solution of the great 
 arch of the stomach was found, as well as the pheno- 
 menon exhibited in the preparation. Part of the contents 
 of the stomach were found in the left pleural cavity. — 
 (Vide Class II. Digestion. Division II. No. 26.) 
 
 92. Exhibits the right Lung, very much compressed. — Ibid. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, Ith Fu- 
 sileers. 
 
 From a soldier of the 7th Fusileers. A considerable 
 quantity of fluid was effused into the right Thorax. 
 
 93. Portion of costal Pleura, exhibiting extensive deposition 
 
 of coagulable lymph. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 
 94. Portion of diaphragmatic Pleura, — exhibiting deposition 
 
 of lymph in a tuberculated \o\m.~Ibid. — Presented by 
 the same. 
 
 From the sam.e subject as the two preceding prepara- 
 tions. 
 
 95. Exhibits the left pleural cavity enlarged, and the Lung 
 
 very much compressed, with a portion of organized 
 lymph adherent to its lower margin ; the surface of the 
 Pleura covered throughout with a thick layer of coagu- 
 lable lymph. — Fo}-t Pitt. 
 
 From James Stewart, 25th Regiment, act. 26, who 
 had laboured under an asthmatic aflfection for several 
 months. On admission, his appearance was worn, and 
 his form emaciated : he had severe dyspnoea, cough, and 
 expectoration : he sunk in a state of extreme exhaustion. 
 On dissection, the left Lung and pleural lining were 
 found as above described: the cavity contained three 
 pints of sero-purulent fluid. The Heart was small and 
 flaccid, and pushed over towards the right side. 
 
 96. Left Lung,— exhibiting large Vomicae traversed by bands ; 
 
 the costal Pleura adherent. — Ibid. 
 
 From Michael Glynn, 73rd Regiment, jet. 26. He 
 had been subject to haemoptysis for some months pre- 
 vious to admission ; at which period he complained of 
 
DIVISION III. SI 
 
 cough and thoracic pain, and expectorated pus. Three 
 months previous to death, after a paroxysm of coughing, 
 he discharged from the chest five pounds of blood. 
 From this time the disease advanced till it proved fatal. 
 On dissection, the right Lung was discovered to be ad- 
 herent at the apex, and contained some tubercular de- 
 position, and a small vomica, at the upper part: the 
 left had formed adhesions throughout its entire surface, 
 and was otherwise disorganized, as shown in the prepa- 
 ration. 
 
 97. Portion of the inferior lobe of the left Lung, — exhibiting 
 
 Emphysema. — Ireland. — Presented by Mr. Cavet, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, 91th Regiment. 
 
 From James Nicholls, 97th Regiment, set. 20, who 
 died of Icterus. 
 
 98. Exhibits the whole of tlie left Lung and Pleura, the 
 
 former very much compressed, the latter thickened, and 
 covered with a layer of lymph. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Neil Cameron, Newfoundland Veteran Com- 
 pany, set. 38. He was admitted into Hospital, suffering 
 under a low form of Pneumonia: he complained of 
 dyspnoea, cough, and pain in the chest, particularly the 
 right side, with decubitus obligatus ; the respiration 
 hurried, and the pulse rapid. Latterly, symptoms of 
 effusion into the thoracic cavity manifested themselves, 
 after which, notwithstanding the remedies employed, he 
 sunk rapidly. On dissection, the left Lung and Pleura 
 were found as above described ; the right contained 
 some tubercular deposition in a miliary form. 
 
 99. Portion of Pleura, — thickened and covered with coagula- 
 
 ble lymph. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 lOU. Portion of Lung, — exhibiting a cicatrix. — Ireland. — 
 Presented by Mr. Cavet, Assistant Surgeoji, 91t/i Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 From William Dogherty, set. 7|, who died of acute 
 catarrh. 
 
 101. Earthy deposit from the Lung. — Malta. — Presented by 
 Mr. O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, '^th Fusileers. 
 
 A concretion, consisting of phosphate and carbonate 
 of lime, and animal matter : from the Lung of a soldier 
 of the Roval Fusileers, who died of Delirium tremens. 
 
32 CIRCULATION. 
 
 102. Exhibits a circumscribed Abscess in the cavity of the 
 left thorax, with external fistulous openings between 
 the eighth and ninth ribs. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Kane, vci. oO, 87th Regiment, who 
 had long been afflicted with scrofulous ulcerations 
 and sinuses about the sternum and ril)s, which had 
 formed fistulous openings in various parts of the tho- 
 racic parietes. He also evinced a decided phthisical 
 diathesis. On coughing, a rush of air externally, and 
 crepitus, took place from the abscess shown in the pre- 
 paration. He ultimately died of hectic fever,Vasted and 
 exhausted by the discharges, after having been under 
 treatment in the General Hospital three hundred and 
 seven days. 
 
 CIRCULATION. 
 
 Division L— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 HEART. 
 
 1. Coagulable lymph effused on the surface of the Heart; the 
 
 Pericardium adhering to that organ. — York Hospital^ 
 Chelsea. 
 
 From John M'Allum, a?t. 28, 3rd Garrison Battalion, 
 admitted with stricture of the urethra, from which com- 
 plaint he had nearly recovered, when he was suddenly 
 attacked with symptoms of acute Carditis, and died in a 
 few days. 
 
 2. Heart, — exhibiting thickening of the auriculo-ventricular 
 
 valves. — History iciiattainahle. 
 
 3. Lymph, effused on the serous surface of the Heart and 
 
 Pericardium, causing a granular and fur-like appear- 
 ance. — York Hospital^ Chelsea. 
 
 From James Sadler, aet. 36, 4.7th Regiment, admitted 
 complaining of lieadache and erratic pains, with rigors, 
 and tendency to syncope. Death ensued on the third day. 
 
 4. Heart, — exhibiting the foramen ovale imperfectly closed. 
 
DIVISION I. S[i 
 
 Two openings exist, the largest of which is the fourth of 
 an inch in diameter. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Slianaghan, aet. 20, 30th Regiment, 
 who was received into Hospital labouring under pulmo- 
 nary Phthisis, which proved fatal in two months. On 
 dissection, the Lungs were found extensively disor- 
 ganized ; and the Heart exhibited the phenomena ob- 
 servable in the preparation. 
 
 5. Heart, with the foramen ovale unclosed ; — diameter of 
 the opening three quarters of an mch.— Ibid. 
 
 From James Pilkington, net. 20, 46th Regiment, a 
 phthisical patient. After death, both Lungs were found 
 consolidated, and thickly studded with tubercles in dif- 
 ferent stages of maturation : the Heart as above noted. 
 The surface of the body, more particularly the face, was 
 of a bright vermilion hue. 
 
 6. Heart, — with two small openings at the anterior part of 
 the foramen ovale. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 17. Respiration. Di- 
 vision IIL 
 
 7. Heart much enlarged, the foramen ovale open; — diameter 
 
 of the opening an inch and a half. — Ibid. 
 
 From Michael Cooney, aet. 37, 45th Regiment, who, 
 having suffered much in Ceylon from dyspnoea and 
 other distressing pectoral affections, was invalided. On 
 arrival, he was admitted into Hospital, and died in ten 
 days. On dissection, the lining membrane of the Tra- 
 chea and Bronchiae was observed to be highly inflamed; 
 and the Heart much enlarged, particularly on the right 
 side. There was no vestige of septum between the au- 
 ricles : the pulmonary veins were much enlarged. 
 
 8. Serous surfaces of the Pericardium closely united by co- 
 
 agulable lymph: the right Lung collapsed, and ad- 
 hering to its outer surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From Peter Molloy, £ei. 28, 30th Regiment. He was 
 received into Hospital with a pectoral affection, denoted 
 by dyspnoea, cough, and purulent expectoration ; and, 
 while under treatment, had an attack of acute inflam- 
 mation in the cardiac region. Under the effects of this 
 combination of disease he died. On dissection, the left 
 Lung was found thickly studded with tubercles, the 
 right collapsed and adherent to the Pericardium, which 
 latter was firmly united to the surface of the Heart. 
 
34 CIRCULATION. 
 
 There was also an unusual distribution of the left ver- 
 tebral artery, which was given off from the Aorta, be- 
 tween the left carotid and subclavian arteries. 
 
 9. Surface of the Heart coated with coagalable lymph ; the 
 
 Pericardium partially adherent. — Fo)i Pitt. 
 
 Taken from the body of Robert Calder, tet. 50, 73rd 
 Regiment, whose health had been much impaired by a 
 long residence in India, where he had suifered from the 
 disease termed " Beriberi." He was admitted with pain 
 in the right thorax, oppressed and diflicult respiration, 
 and cough accompanied by scanty expectoration ot pu- 
 riform sputa; antl died exhausted. 
 
 10. Surface of the Heart and Pericardium coated wiih lymph, 
 
 affording a granular appearance. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Adams, 69lh Regiment, aet. 26, who was 
 taken into Hospital on his arrival from India (where he 
 had suffered from hepatic and dysenteric affections,) in 
 a state of great debility. In a fortnight afterwards he 
 was attacked with oppressed breathing, small and flut- 
 tering pulse, great anxiety of countenance, and frequent 
 cough : his limbs then became oedematous, and in 
 eighteen days death ensued. 
 
 11. Heart, — exhibiting a thick layer of coagulable lymph on 
 
 its surface; the Pericardium thickened, and partially 
 adherent by shreds of the same.— Ibid. 
 
 From John Peak, 17th Light Dragoons, aet. '26. He 
 had been subject to fre(]uent attacks of haemoptysis, the 
 last of which occurred about three weeks before his re- 
 ception into the General Hospital for cough, with scanty 
 expectoration. While under treatment, he was sud- 
 denly attacked with pectoral pain, dyspnoea, and hae- 
 moptysis. He experienced temporary relief from medi- 
 cine, but eventually died. 
 
 12. Heart and Pericardium agglutinated by a layer of lymph; 
 
 the left ventricle dilated. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Bye, 46th Regiment, <et. 21. He was 
 admitted on account of pains in all the extremities, ac- 
 companied by swelling of the joints of liis fingers, pro- 
 bably rheumatic, having been very subject to this com- 
 plaint, from which he had obtained temporary relief by 
 treatment. Sometime afterwards, when the pains in his 
 limbs had nearly subsided, he complained of pain in the 
 cardiac region, and other symptoms, which ended in 
 death. 
 
13. Serous surface of the Heart coated witli a thick layer of 
 
 lymph; the Pericardium in many parts adherent. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From David Dooling, 7th Veteran Battalion, at. 45. 
 He had been under treatment for remittent fever. 
 Shortly after his dismissal from Hospital, he returned 
 with cough, difficult respiration, oppression at the chest, 
 and weak, irregular pulse. He died on the third day. 
 
 14. Pericardium agglutinated to the surface of the Heart by 
 
 a layer of coagulable lymph. — Ibid. 
 
 From Peter Brown, 79th Regiment, who died in a 
 state of exhaustion from the hectic fever induced bv an 
 immense chronic abscess, and consequent ulceration, in 
 the leg. No suspicion of any cardiac lesion appears to 
 have been entertained during his residence in Hospital. 
 
 15. Pericardium thickened, and agglutinated to the surface of 
 
 the Heart by a layer of lymph. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Patrick Fitzgerald, aet. 39, Royal 
 York Rangers, who was admitted labouring under 
 symptoms of pyrexia, and complaining of pain in his 
 chest, accompanied by hurried respiration. While under 
 treatment, an abscess formed in his thigh, and affi:)rded 
 relief to the fever; but the pectoral disturbance con- 
 tinued, and, ultimately, had a fatal termination. 
 
 16. Coagulable lymph effiised on the serous surfltces of the 
 
 Heart and Pericardium, producing a granular and lace- 
 like appearance. — Ibid. 
 
 From Arthur Ennis, African Corps, aet. 37, admitted, 
 on arrival from the Cape of Good Hope, labouring under 
 intermittentfever: while in Hospital, symptoms of Pneu- 
 monia came on, which were relieved by active treatment. 
 Nevertheless, at theend of five months, death supervened. 
 
 1/. Lymph thrown out on the surfaces of the Heart and Peri- 
 cardium, producing a fur-like appearance. — History un- 
 attainable. 
 
 18. A very thick layer of lymph thrown out on the Heart's 
 
 surface, producing a lace-like appearance: the Pericar- 
 dium thickened, and also coated with lymph on its inner 
 lining. — Presented by Mr. Warren, Inspector General of 
 Hospitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Pericardium united to the surface of the Heart by a layer 
 
 of lymph. — Mauritius. — History unattainable. 
 
36 CIRCULATION. 
 
 20. Pericardium adhering to the Heart: coats of the Aorta 
 
 much (Useased. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 21 . Pericardium thickened : a layer of lymph effused between 
 
 its surface and that of the Heart, productive of adhesion. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From John Joy, set. 18, 69th Regiment, who was ad- 
 mitted with symptoms of Pneumonia, which he attri- 
 buted to his having worn a damp shirt: in spite of active 
 treatment, the disease terminated fatally on the seventh 
 day. On dissection, the vessels of the Brain were found 
 distended; the lining membrane of the Trachea and 
 Bronchiae was highly inflamed; the Lungs contained 
 crude tubercles; the right Pleura was also studded with 
 solid, white tubercles; and the Heart and Pericardium 
 were in the condition shown in the preparation. (Vide 
 Dratxing, No. 5.) 
 
 22. Heart, — with coagulable lymph effused on its surface : the 
 
 right Lung adherent externally to the Pericardium. — 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 23. Heart enlarged, and exhibiting the cyst of a large tumour 
 
 situated over the right auricle: the Aorta ossified at 
 several points. — Ibid. 
 
 From Captain T. W., 2nd Ceylon Regiment, who 
 laboured under chronic Hepatitis, organic disease of the 
 Heart, and Hydrothorax, the slightest exertion pro- 
 ducing severe palpitation, hurried and oppressed respi- 
 ration, and a sharp, irregular pulse. At length his lower 
 extremities became anasarcous, and, after eleven months 
 treatment, death ensued. 
 
 24. Heart of small size; the walls of the left ventricle thick- 
 
 ened. — -Ibid. 
 
 From Patrick Madden, aet. 48, 25th Regiment, who 
 had suffered much from dysentery in the West Indies, 
 on arrival from whence he was received into Hospital, 
 labouring under cough, purulent expectoration, and di- 
 arrhoea: after four months tieatment, he died. On in- 
 spection post mortem, the Lungs were seen to be exten- 
 sively tuberculated, the Heart in a state of atrophy, and 
 the small and large Intestines ulcerated. 
 
 25. Heart, — exhibiting small warty excrescences on the tri- 
 
 cuspid valves. — Ibid. 
 
 Removed from the body of a child seven years of 
 
DIVISION 1. 37 
 
 aee. Tubercles were detected in the substance of the 
 Lungs. 
 
 26. Cavities of the Heart filled with wax, to exhibit a consi- 
 derable enlargement of that organ. — Presented by Mr. 
 Ilolsio?i, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From John White, 22nd Regiment, aet. 35, who was 
 admitted into his Regimental Hospital, affected with 
 dyspnoea, pain in the right hypochondrium extending 
 to the sci'obiculus cordis, dry skin, white tongue, tumid 
 abdomen, and anasarca of the lower extremities: pulse 
 100, Tiot irregular. After five weeks treatment, he died; 
 and, on dissection, it was found that effiision had taken 
 place into the ventricles of the Brain, and into the tho- 
 racic and abdominal cavities. 
 
 2/. Heart, — exhibiting petechial spots on its surface. (Vide 
 No. 35. Class II. Division \\l.)—Fort Pitt. 
 
 28. Heart enlarged, and exhibiting a calcareous concretion 
 
 on its substance. 
 
 From James Hunt, aet. 49, 7th Fusileers, who was 
 attacked in the afternoon (at Harwich) with a sensation 
 of fulness about the Heart, oppressed breathing, and 
 vertigo, for which he was bled, with immediate relief; 
 but while preparing to return to his barracks, he sud- 
 denly fell down, and expired. On examination post 
 mortem, the head was swollen and livid, the vessels of 
 the Brain and Neck turgid, and the mouth covered with 
 frothy saliva : the Heart as above noted ; the other vis- 
 cera sound. 
 
 29. Heart with Pericardium adherent; the semilunar and mi- 
 
 tral valves thickened, ulcerated, and slightly ossified. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Cudd, set. 31, 8ith Regiment, admitted 
 on his arrival from India, where he had served nine years, 
 and had frequently been a sufferer from hepatic disease. 
 He complained of acute pain in the breast, increased on 
 coughing, with hurried and uneasy respiration ; also of 
 dull pain, increased by pressure, in the region of the 
 Liver. He died in twenty-three days. Autopsia : — The 
 Lungs sound ; Heart and Pericardium as shown in the 
 preparation; Liver enlarged and indurated. 
 
 30. Heart, — exhibiting ulceration of the semilunar and mi- 
 
 tral valves, and warty excrescences attached to the 
 former; the Aorta ossified in niaiiy parts. — Ibid. 
 
38 CIUCULATION. 
 
 From John Lewis, aet. 23, Rifle Brioade, admitted, 
 complaining of cough, oppressed respiration, and pain 
 referred to the epigastrium ; inordinate action of the 
 Heart, and throughout the arterial system. He reported 
 that he had suffered from this attack for two days; and 
 also, that he had undergone a similar one, about a year 
 before, after a march. The disease soon proved fatal. 
 
 31. Mitral valves thickened and ulcerated. — Fort Pitt. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 32. Fleart, — exhibiting ossification of the mitral valves. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Roberts, Royal Waggon Train, who 
 was brought from Croydon to Fort Pitt on a bearer, in 
 an extremely exhausted state, and affected with violent 
 dyspnoea. He stated that about two years since he had 
 received a kick from a horse in the left hypochondrium, 
 since which time he had been almost constantly in Ho- 
 spital for pectoral disease. He died in twelve hours after 
 admission. 
 
 33. Heart, — exhibiting active Aneurism of the left ventricle; 
 
 also a calcareous deposit between the coats of the Aorta. 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 34. Active Aneurism of the left ventricle of the Heart; the 
 
 walls of that organ containing Tubercles. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Hand, Sitli Regiment, aet. 34, ad- 
 mitted, complaining of cough, pain in the chest, and in- 
 ability to remain in the recumbent posture; pulse 106, 
 regular. After three weeks, he was attacked with pal- 
 pitation of the Heart, and his pulse lost its regularity. 
 In this state he continued until his death, which occurred 
 in five weeks from admission. 
 
 35. Fleart, — exhibiting incipient Aneurism of the left ven- 
 
 tricle, with ossification and ulceration of the aortic 
 valves. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Fletcher, 62nd Regiment, ait. 52. Ad- 
 mitted into Hospital with Erysipelas of the loot and leg, 
 from which he had completely recovered, when he was 
 attacked with difficulty of breathing, so trifling, however, 
 that he did not complain of it until the second day. His 
 respiration then became hurried, anxious, and oppressed; 
 he was much averse to the horizontal ))osture; his sen- 
 sorium was disturbed ; pulse lull and incompressible, 
 120. Notwithstanding active treatment, these symptoms 
 
ui VISION I. 39 
 
 became aggravated, and the case terminated fatally on 
 the third day. 
 
 36. Heart, — exhibiting dilatation of the left ventricle, thick- 
 
 ening of the mitral valves, and nlceration and thickening 
 of the aortic valves. — Chatham. — Presented by Dr. Dub- 
 son, Surgeon, Roijal Marines. 
 
 From the body of a Marine, who had complained, for 
 some time, of pain in his chest, and oppressed respira- 
 tion, aggravated on nsing exercise. One day, after he 
 had been a considerable period in Hospital, having 
 ascended the stairs to his ward, he sat down in a chair, 
 and suddenly expired. 
 
 37. Heart, — exhibiting a small Aneurism at the apex of the 
 
 left ventricle. — Presented by Mr. Lamert, Surgeon, 1st 
 Veteran Battalion. 
 
 From George Tooth, aet. 40, 1st Veteran Battalion. 
 He had been in Hospital for a considerable period ; the 
 symptoms of his disease are not ascertained. 0'.> dis- 
 section, the surface of the Lungs was universally ad- 
 herent to the parietes of the thorax; the Heart was en- 
 larged, and had formed a strong adhesion at its apex to 
 the Pericardium, where a sacculus was discovered, con- 
 taining coagulated blood. 
 
 38. Heart,— exhibiting a large Aneurism attached to the left 
 
 ventricle, the opening between the tumour and the ven- 
 tricle being circular, and an inch in diameter. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant Barnard M'Nulty, 65th Regiment, 
 who, on arrival from India after seventeen years' service 
 in that country, was admitted in a state of great ex- 
 haustion, with cough, oppressed respiration, and pain 
 of the chest. He had suffered, more or less, from these 
 symptoms for two years previously, and once had an at- 
 tack of haemoptysis, which, however, was permanently 
 checked by treatment. After remaining some time in 
 Hospital, death ensued. 
 
 39. Heart, — exhibiting dilatation of the left Ventricle, with 
 
 close adhesions between the reflexions of the serous mem- 
 branes. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 40. Heart, — exhibiting a Wound, the instrument having pe- 
 
 netrated the right ventricle through the Dinphragm. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
40 CIUCbLATlON. 
 
 41. Heart, — exhibiting dilatation and thickening of the left 
 
 ventricle, with bony deposit in the coats of the Aorta. — 
 Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 42. Passive Aneurism of the Heart; ossification of the right 
 
 auriculo-ventricular opening; and corrugation of the 
 valves of the pulmonary artery. — Ibid. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 43. Heart enlarged, and its walls attenuated, forming a pas- 
 
 sive Aneurism. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Goggin, aet. 18, S^th Regiment, ad- 
 mitted, four months previous to his death, suffering from 
 dry cough, and palpitation. The former symptom in a 
 short time degenerated into a purulent expectoration, 
 which, with hectic fever, and other symptoms, suffici- 
 ently denoted a phthisical state of Lung; the palpita- 
 tions became more severe and distressing, and he gra- 
 dually sunk. On dissection, the Heart was found as 
 above noted, and of a pale colour ; the surfaces of the 
 Pleurae were lined with an adventitious membrane ; their 
 cavities contained about three pints of a straw-coloured 
 fluid ; and tubercles were discovered in the Lungs and 
 in the Intestines. 
 
 44. Heart of an adult, — exhibiting the Eustachian valve per- 
 
 fect.— /^-zW. 
 
 Removed from the body of a maniac, who, during life, 
 afforded no symptom indicative of derangement in the 
 functions of this organ. 
 
 45. An Hydatid, situated in the left ventricle of the Heart of 
 
 a cow. — Corfu. — Presented by Dr. Daiy, Assista7it In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 46. Heart, — exhibiting ossification and ulceration of the right 
 
 auriculo-ventricular opening. — History unattainable. 
 
 47. Portion of Heart, affected with incipient Melanosis. — 
 
 Corfu. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of 
 Hospitals. 
 
 Removed from the body of a Greek, in whom the 
 Liver (which weighed fifteen pounds), the Pancreas, 
 Aorta, and integuments were affected with the same 
 disease. (Vitle Division IL No. 24-. and Class H. Secre- 
 tion. — Division L No. 3. and Division IL No. 22.) 
 
 48. Heart mucli enlarged, and exhibiting the termination of 
 
DIVISION I. 41 
 
 inflammation of its serous membrane in effusion of coa- 
 gulable lymph. The coat of lymph is of great thickness, 
 particularly on the left ventricle, where it measures an 
 inch . — History unattainahlc. 
 
 49. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph on its surface, with 
 
 partial adhesion of the Pericardium. — Preseyited hy Mr. 
 Knott, Assistaiit Surgeon, 6th Dragoons. 
 
 From Patrick Hogan, 15th Regiment, aet. 20, of de- 
 licate habit, and frequently in Hospital with febrile and 
 catarrhal affections, during the year 1825. In the month 
 of November of the same year he had an attack of acute 
 rheumatism, of which he was ill a month. In the fol- 
 lowing January he was again taken into Hospital with a 
 relapse in an aggravated form, many of his joints being 
 much swollen. At this period he also began to com- 
 plain of pain in the cardiac region. These symptoms 
 were relieved by proper treatment; but shortly after- 
 wards the action of the Heart was observed to be in- 
 ordinate: by the end of May the palpitation had be- 
 come very violent, attended with orthopnoea, rapid and 
 irregular pulse, anxious collapsed features, and cold 
 extremities. Things getting yet worse, he died on the 
 11th June. On dissection, besides the disease exhibited 
 in the preparation, the Lung adhered to the outer sur- 
 face of the Pericardium : no other disease was disco- 
 vered. 
 
 50. Heart, — with coagulable lymph effused on its surface. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 51. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph, and adhesion to the 
 
 Pei-icardium. — Chatham. — Presented by Dr. Skey, De- 
 jjuty Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 Removed from the body of a boy who died of acute 
 Carditis. — (Vide Respiration. Division III. No. 35.) 
 
 52. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph on its surface, and 
 
 calcareous deposit on the surface and in the substance 
 of the Pericardium. — History unattainable. 
 
 53. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph on its surface; also 
 
 tubercular ossification of the Aorta. — History unattain- 
 able. 
 
 54. Universal adhesion of the Pericardium to the surface of 
 
 the Heart. Hypertrophy of the left Ventricle, attended 
 
42 • CIRCULATION. 
 
 with a cartilaginous degeneration of the mitral valves. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Fitzgerald, 67th Regiment, at. 21. 
 About two years before his death he was suddenly, 
 while on guard, attacked with violent pain in the region 
 of the Heart, from which he recovered, after sometime, 
 sufficiently to resume his duties. From this period, 
 however, his breathing became much oppressed, and 
 he was subject to palpitation; both symptoms being 
 aggravated on the least exertion : on admission into 
 the General Hospital they Vv'ere exceedingly urgent and 
 distressing. He experienced little alleviation of his 
 misery from treatment, although he lingered for about 
 four months before he died. 
 
 55. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph, connecting the Pe- 
 
 ricardium to its surface: the mitral valves thickened. — 
 
 Histori) unattainable. 
 
 56. Pericardium, agglutinated to the surface of the Heart by 
 
 a layer of lymph : coagulable lymph also effused on the 
 surface of the Pleura. — History unattainable. 
 
 5/. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph on its surface, which 
 presents a fur-like appearance. — History unattainable. 
 
 58. Heart, — exhibiting effusion of lymph on its surflice; the 
 
 Pericardium united to it by many bands of the same.^ 
 History unattainable. 
 
 59. Heart and Pericardium, coated with coagulable lymph, 
 
 which is minutely injected. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Donald M'Donald, 93rd Regiment, ast. 30, 
 who, on arrival from the West Indies, was admitted, la- 
 bouring under dyspnoea and cough, attended by puriform 
 expectoration and general debility. As these symptoms 
 became worse, oedema of the lower extremities ensued, 
 and he finally sunk. On post mortem inspection, the 
 Lungs were found to be studded with crude and mature 
 tubercles : the Pericardium contained ten ounces of 
 sero-purulent fluid: the Liver was slightly enlarged; and 
 the small Intestines were tuberculated and ulcerated. 
 
 60. Heart, — exhibiting Hypertrophy, with dilatation of the left 
 
 ventricle ; the left auriculo-ventricular opening carti- 
 laginous and ulcerated: the mitral valves thickened; 
 and the semilunar valves and Aorta thickened and 
 ossified. — History unattainable. 
 
DIVISION I. 4,3 
 
 6J. Lymph effused on tlie surface of the Heart and Pericar- 
 dium, producing adhesion to each other. — pVest Indies. 
 — Presented by Mr, Davidson, Assistant Surgeon, 21 5^ 
 Regiment. 
 
 From James Lowe, 9th Regiment, aet. 24-, a man of 
 scrofulous diathesis and spare habit. He was taken into 
 Hospital, complaining of pains in his limbs, and sym- 
 ptoms indicative of visceral derangement. On the tenth 
 day an abscess formed at the inferior costa of the 
 right scapula, followed by many others on the upper 
 part of the trunk, and accompanied by the appearance 
 of Bulla? on the lower extremities. He subsequently 
 sunk under the influence of hectic fever. On examina- 
 tion, it was discovered tliat both Lungs had formed 
 adhesions to the costal walls ; the left was firmly attached 
 to the Pericardium : their parenchyma was healthy : 
 the pleural cavities contained about five pints of dark 
 serum: and five ounces of a sanious fluid was found in 
 the Pericardium. 
 
 62. Heart,— exhibiting the Foramen ovale open. — Prese^Ued 
 
 by Dr. Blake, Surgeon, 1th Dragoon Guards. 
 
 From John Conray, 7th Dragoon Guards, aet. 2], 
 who was subject to paroxysms of Syncope cardiaca. On 
 admission into Hospital, he appeared to have some in- 
 flammatory affection of the Heart, as evinced by pain 
 in the cardiac region, irregular pulse, and sense of suf- 
 focation. He ascribed his complaint to a fall from his 
 horse. Eventually he died of Consumption. 
 
 63. Ulceration and fungous degeneration of the basis of the 
 
 Heart, involving the semilunar valves. — Malta. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Calvert, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From a soldier of the 80th Regiment, who died of 
 fever. The disease of the Heart was not suspected 
 during life. 
 
 64. Excrescence growing from the left auriculo-ventricular 
 
 opening of the Heart. — Edinburgh. — Presented by Dr. 
 Knox. 
 
 65. Heart, — exhibiting contraction of the left auriculo-ven- 
 
 tricular opening, by deposition of earthy matter in the 
 mitral valve: the left ventricle enlarged and thickened : 
 the aortic opening nearly closed by a deposition similar 
 to that of the mitral valve. — Fort Pitt. 
 
44 CIIICULATION. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 48. Respiration. Divi- 
 sion III. 
 
 66. Dilatation of the left ventricle of the Heart, with albu- 
 minous deposition in its muscular substance; and partial 
 adhesion of the Pericardium. — Gibraltar. — Presented 
 hy Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. History 
 unattainable. 
 
 &J. Heart, — exhibiting deposition of bone in the mitral valve, 
 by which the auriculo-ventricular opening is nearly 
 obliterated : also extensive dilatation of both auricles. 
 — Gibraltar. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From an Officer, who had been an invalid for five 
 years, as was generally' supposed, from derangement of 
 the digestive organs. For some months, however, prior 
 to death, with the aid of the stethoscope, the true na- 
 ture of the disease was divined without difficulty. 
 
 68. Heart, — exhibiting dilatation of the Pericardium, and 
 
 partial adhesion of the sac. — Ibid. — Presented by the 
 same. 
 
 In this case the Pericardium contained about three 
 pints of pure pus. 
 
 69. Deposition of lymph in the form of a continuous layer on 
 
 the bag-like and reflected portion of the Pericardium. — 
 Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 70. Hypertrophy, with dilatation of the left ventricle, of the 
 
 Heart: tubercular deposition under the serous tunic of 
 the Aorta. — Portugal. — Presented by Mr. Ford, Assistant 
 Surgeon, Tind Regiment. 
 
 From Charles Mead, aet. S26, 43rd Regiment. He 
 had been for three years frequently under treatment 
 for dyspnoea. Latterly distressing orthopnoea, accom- 
 panied by a peculiar sensation in the shoulders, oc- 
 curred. He expired in a paroxysm of dyspnoea. On 
 examination, the Lungs are reported to have been sound, 
 although containing much blood; and the Bronchia; 
 were filled with a frothy mucus. 
 
 71. Heart, — with loose bands of adhesion extending between 
 
 the two layers of the Pericardium. — Presented by Mr. 
 Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
 Taken from a young man, who had been treated for 
 cardiac disease six years before his death, which took 
 place from accident. 
 
DIVISION I. 45 
 
 72. Heart, — exhibiting a well-defined deposit of lymph on 
 
 the serous surfiice of the reflected portion of the Peri- 
 cardium, covering the right ventricle. A portion of the 
 adventitious membrane is turned down, leaving the true 
 membrane smooth and entire beneath. — Presented by the 
 same. 
 
 The man from whom this preparation was taken died 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis : he had never, as far as could be 
 ascertained, been affected with symptoms of disease of 
 the Heart. 
 
 73. Basis of the Heart, — exhibiting abundant deposit of earthy 
 
 matter in the mitral valve, by which the auriculo-ven- 
 tricular opening is contracted. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Charles Winter, aet. 29, 57th Regiment, who 
 had been affected for three years with slight pain of the 
 chest, dyspnoea, and oedema of the feet. He was ad- 
 mitted with symptoms of thoracic dropsy, which soon 
 became general, attended by a slight cough and mucous 
 expectoration : pulse regular, until a short time before 
 death, when it began to intermit. Three pints of serum 
 were found, after death, in the right pleural sac, and two 
 in the left: the Pericardium contained two ounces of a 
 similar fluid, and the peritoneal bag a quart. The struc- 
 ture of the Lungs was sound. The Heart was enlarged, 
 and the walls of the systemic ventricles thickened ; the 
 mitral valve was in the condition shown in the prepara- 
 tion ; and the tricuspid was covered with fungous ex- 
 crescences. 
 
 74. Portion of Heart, — exhibiting cartilaginous verruca? on 
 
 the edges of the aortic and mitral valves. — Ibid. 
 
 From Richard Stringer, a3t. 28, 51st Regiment, who 
 had been attacked with hsemoptoe a year before. Sym- 
 ptoms of confirmed Phthisis subsequently set in, and 
 he died on the day following his disembarkation from 
 the Ionian Islands. On examination, the Lungs were 
 seen to be affected with every stage of tubercular dis- 
 ease. The Heart was enlarged and flaccid ; the walls 
 of the aortic ventricle attenuated. The lining membrane 
 of the pulmonary artery and ventricle was tinged of a 
 well-defined rose colour. 
 
 75. Heart, — showing a white patch on the cardio-reflected 
 
 pericardium of the right ventricle. — Presented by Mr. 
 Ford^ Assistaiit Surgeon, 12nd Pegifnetit. 
 
4-6 CIRCULATION. 
 
 From a soldier of the 23rd Regiment, who died of 
 dysentery. No account of his having been affected with 
 cardiac symptoms is on record. 
 
 76. Heart, — exhibiting ulceration of the inner surface of the 
 apex of the left ventricle, which cavity is dilated, and 
 its parietes thickened. — Fori Pitt. 
 
 From John Johnson, aet. "2.2, 47th Regiment, who 
 was primarily treated for Pneumonia, and cured. He 
 was afterwards readmitted, with phthisical symptoms, 
 and again discharged from Hospital, convalescent. Sub- 
 sequently he was placed under treatment in the General 
 Hospital, where it was observed that effusion had taken 
 place into the thoracic and abdominal cavities. He 
 was at this time affected with dyspnoea, muco-sangui- 
 neous expectoration, and intermitting pulse; and soon 
 sunk. On dissection, the Lungs presented many black 
 points, resulting from the infiltration of blood into the 
 air-cells. The lining membrane of the left auricle of 
 the Heart was thickened, and of a pale colour. 
 
 77' Exhibits a deposit of lymph in the form of a continuous 
 layer on the whole serous surfiice of the Pericardium, 
 minutely injected. — Portugal. — Presented hy Mr. Russel^ 
 Assistant Surgeon, 63rd Regiment. 
 
 From John Watts, aet. 24-, who had been under treat- 
 ment for intermittent fever, which left him in a state 
 of great debility. He was soon after attacked with 
 pain of the chest, and oppressed respiration ; he had 
 also a relapse of the febrile paroxysms. To these ma- 
 ladies were shortly added syncope, small intermittent 
 pulse, and a sense of constriction across the chest, under 
 which he quickly sunk. After death a quart of sero- 
 purulent matter was removed from the cavity of the 
 Pericardium, 
 
 78. Exhibits a punctured Wound of the Heart. — Portsinuuth. 
 — Presented by Staff Surgeon Hill. 
 
 From a soldier of the 83rd Regiment, who was killed 
 by a thrust from a pointed instrument, which passed 
 through the right ventricle, and penetrated the left. 
 The Pericardium was found distended with blood, but 
 there was no external hemorrhage. 
 
 79. Pericardium, greatly thickened, with abundant deposit of 
 
 lymph on the surface of the Heart. — Mauritius. — Pre- 
 sented hij Dr. Shanks, Assistant Surgeon, 82nd Regiment. 
 
DIVISION I. 47 
 
 From the body of Thomas Dowiies, senman. The 
 disease was brought on by an incised wound, wliich pe- 
 netrated the chest. He died in twenty days after the 
 accident. 
 
 80. Similar to the last-described. — Mediterranean, — Presented 
 
 hij Dr. Connel, Assistant Surgeon, Rijle Brigade. — His- 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 81. Heart, — exhibiting deficiency of the septum of the Au- 
 
 ricles. — JSlediterraneaji.— Presented by Mr. Lig/itbody, 
 Surseon, SOth Regiment. 
 
 From Peter Shaw, SOth Regiment, aet. 25, of delicate 
 habit, who had evinced signs ol' pectoral infirmity from 
 his infancy. Fie was never capable of performing mili- 
 tary duty. No symptom of the blood having circulated 
 in an imperfectly oxygenated state was observed in this 
 case. 
 
 82. Considerable dilatation of the left Ventricle, with abun- 
 
 dant bony deposit about the semilunar valves of the 
 Aorta. — Presented by Mr. Marshall., Assistant Surgeon, 
 87th Regiment. — History Jinattainable. 
 
 83. Presents great dilatation of the left Ventricle, the valves 
 
 connected with it being sound. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Brian Giary, 86th Regiment, at. 23. He had 
 sufl^'ered for some time from pectoral complaints, of 
 which dyspnoea formed a very prominent symptom. 
 He had slight cough, with scanty sputa, at one time 
 sanguineous ; latterly the face was livid, skin clammy, 
 and pulse depressed. On inspection, the Lungs were 
 found to contain tubercles and vomicjje towards their 
 apices. 
 
 84. Heart enlarged : the arch of the Aorta containing much 
 
 osseous matter beneath its inner coat: the semilunar 
 valves thickened and corrugated. — Presented by Dr. An- 
 nesley. Surgeon, 2nd Dragoons. 
 
 From George Millwood, 2nd Dragoons, who suffered 
 from symptoms of diseased Heart and Hydrothorax. 
 On examination post mortem, in addition to the disease 
 shown in the preparation, two quarts of fluid were found 
 in the chest. 
 
 85. Heart,— exhibiting a delicate deposition of lymph on the 
 
 serous surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Thornton, aet. 48, Newfoundland Veteran 
 
48 CIRCULATION. 
 
 Company, a weakly and worn-out subject, who was 
 attacked with acute pain in the right breast, attended 
 with a low type of fever, great debility, and deficient 
 general reaction. He sunk in fourteen days from the 
 commencement of the attack. On post mortem inspec- 
 tion, besides the lesions preserved in the preparation, 
 the bag of the Pericardium was found to contain half a 
 pint of sero-purulent fluid : the right Lung was of a gray 
 colour, and so much consolidated as to sink in water; 
 the left was healthy, except that its serous covering was 
 coated with a copious eff'usion of lymph. 
 
 86. Dilatation of the left ventricle of the Heart, with thicken- 
 ing of the edges of the semilunar valves of the Aorta. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Sutton, 80th Regiment, aet. 38, who 
 was admitted with Paralysis, the sequela of Apoplexy. 
 While under treatment, he was visited by a second, and 
 fatal, apoplectic attack. On inspection after death, a 
 great part of the right hemisphere of the Brain was 
 found to be in a state of ramollissement: the Heart was 
 discovered as shown in the preparation. — (Vide Class III. 
 Sensatio7i. Division I. No. 39.) 
 
 87- Enlarged Heart, — with dilatation of the arch of the Aorta, 
 and thickening of its coats. — Jamaica. — Presented hy 
 Mr. Stewart, Surgeon, SUh Regiment. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 88. Heart enlarged; — the arch of the Aorta dilated, and its 
 
 coats thickened. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Conncll, 
 Assistant Surgeon, Rijle Brigade. 
 
 From an Officer, set. 4-5, who expired suddenly, while 
 he was being bled. After death a quantity of serous 
 fluid was detected in the thorax. 
 
 89. Heart, — exhibiting Hypertrophy, with dilatation of the 
 
 left ventricle; the semilunar valves thickened. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant James Hunter, Newfoundland Veteran 
 Company, aet. 46. This nian, about a year previous to 
 his admission into the General Hospital, liad an attack 
 of hemiplegic Paralysis: he had also been subject to 
 gout and rheumatism, for the last three years. He ex- 
 hibited every symptom of decay, both mental and bodily, 
 and was, some time afterwards, carried off' by Apoplexy. 
 The only signs of cardiac disease were dyspnoea, and 
 
DIVISION II. -19 
 
 anasarca of the extremities. On dissection, the Brain 
 was exsanfTuine, except at the middle of the right hemi- 
 sphere, where there was considerable extravasation. Its 
 left lateral ventricle contained much coagulated blood ; 
 the walls were broken down, and it formed a large apo- 
 plectic cell. The third and fourth ventricles were in 
 the same state. The right thorax contained about five 
 pints of bloody serum ; and this Lung was much com- 
 pressed. The left Lung was adherent to the costal pa- 
 rietes. The cavity of the abdomen contained eight pints 
 of a fluid similar to that found in the thorax. (Vide 
 Class in. Sensation. Division I. No. 42.) 
 
 90. Universal adhesion of the Pericardium to the surface of 
 
 the Heart; and hypertrophy, with dilatation, of the right 
 Ven tricle. — Ibid. 
 
 From George Burnett, 37th Regiment, act. 41, a pa- 
 tient for chronic dysentery, complicated with a catarrhal 
 affection. He was in a state of great exhaustion and 
 emaciation. The secretion from the bronchial tubes be- 
 coming very profuse, and the dysenteric affection con- 
 tinuing unabated, he sunk, and died. On dissection, six 
 pints of dark serum were found in the chest: the Lungs 
 contained much miliary tubercular deposit, and the 
 bronchial glands were enlarged. 
 
 91. Exhibits adhesions of the Pericardium to the Heart's sur- 
 
 face, and a spicula of bone deposited in that membrane. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Henry Wooler, 53rd Regiment, a?t. 24, who 
 was invalided on account of disease of the bones con- 
 nected with the left shoulder-joint, to which he fell a 
 victim. No account of any former attack of Pericarditis 
 is preserved. 
 
 92. Exhibiting active Aneurism of the left Ventricle. 
 
 From a soldier of the 90th Regiment. 
 
 Division II.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 ARTERIES. 
 
 Thickening and ulceration of the valves of the Aorta, with 
 bony deposit between its coats : also thickening and 
 
so CIRCULATION. 
 
 ulceration of the left auriciilo-ventricular opening and 
 mitral valves. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Norton, jet. 40, 90th Regiment, a man 
 originally of robust habit, but reduced by intemperance: 
 he had been much afflicted with pains in his limbs. On 
 his arrival from the West Indies, where he had served 
 eight years, he was admitted in a comatose state, and 
 died on the following day. 
 
 2. Thickening, ossification, and ulceration of the semilunar 
 
 valves of the Aorta. — History iinattainahle. 
 
 3. Ulceration, adhesion, and some points of ossification of the 
 
 semilunar valves of the Aorta. — History unattainable. 
 
 4. Semilunar valves of the Aorta ruptured : bony deposition 
 
 in their substance, and wart-like excrescences vegetating 
 from their edges. — North America. 
 
 The subject of this malady had been hemiplegic for a 
 considerable time. After death, the Heart and aortic 
 valves were found diseased ; and the Kidneys contained 
 many calculous concretions. 
 
 5. Thickening of, and osseous deposit in, the valves of the 
 
 Aorta, with some points of ossification in the tunics of 
 that inhe.— Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Watts, aet. 63, 17th Regiment, aparient 
 from India, affected with dysentery. Death took place in 
 three weeks after his admission. On dissection, the right 
 Lung was found hepatized ; the aortic valves diseased ; a 
 ridge of bone was discovered in the Aorta; and the large 
 Intestines exhibited both ancient antl recent ulcerations. 
 
 6. Extensive ulceration of the aortic valves; osseous deposit 
 
 between the coats of the Aorta; the ascending portion of 
 that vessel dilated. — History unattainable. 
 
 7. Portion of Aorta, exhibiting osseous deposit between its 
 
 tunics. — France. 
 
 Removed ii'om the body of Brown, a baggage- 
 master. (Vide Respiration. Division III. No. 37.) 
 
 8. Coats of the Aorta dissected, — exhibiting numerous points 
 
 of calcareous deposit between its internal and miildle 
 tunics.— i'W Pitt. 
 
 From Joseph James, 9di Regiment, ict. ll, a robust, 
 healthy-looking man, who, three days previous to admis- 
 sion, had been attacked with rigors. He C()m[)lained of 
 
DIVISION II. 51 
 
 severe pain in the liead, and erratic pains in the limbs and 
 body, especially under the sternal extremities of the left 
 ribs, where pressure produced increase of pain ; his re- 
 spiration was hurried, and countenance anxious. He died 
 suddenly, having the day before expressed himself as 
 considerably better. On dissection, the Heart proved to 
 be ulcerated, the Pericardium thickened, and osseous de- 
 posit was detected in many parts of the arterial system, 
 more particularly in the Aorta. 
 
 9. Tubercular ossification, and Aneurism of the arch of the 
 
 Aorta.— i^or/; Pitt. 
 
 From I'homas Ulytt, set. 43, 59th Regiment, who, on 
 his arrival from India, where he had served the twelve 
 preceding years, complained of laborious respiration, ha- 
 rassing cough, and sense of constriction on the chest : his 
 body generally was anasarcous ; in an especial manner 
 his interior extremities, which were also covered with 
 petechial spots. After three days sojourn in hospital he 
 died. 
 
 10. Exhibits two ruptures of the Aorta; one immediately 
 
 above the semilunar valves, the other close to the origin 
 of the left subclavian artery. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas M'Geary, 45th Regiment, at. 45, who 
 was found dead in a chalk-pit, into which he was sup- 
 posed to have fallen when intoxicated. The Aorta was 
 discovered to be ruptured to within a quarter of an inch 
 of its circumference ; and a second laceration of about 
 half the circumference of its tunics existed near the 
 origin of the subclavian artery. Numerous small vessels 
 ramifying on the Pleura appeared to have been also rup- 
 tured; and, lastly, the right Os femoris was fractured 
 at its neck. (Vide Class III. Locomotion. Division IV. 
 No. 6.) 
 
 11. Small rupture of the Aorta immediately beyond the semi- 
 
 lunar valves. — Ibid. 
 
 From Daniel Hogland, a maniac, who received a se- 
 vere fall on the pavement, in consequence of his foot 
 having slipped on some ice, and died in about two mi- 
 nutes. On examination, it was discovered that the Aorta 
 had been ruptured; and the Pericardium was filled with 
 coagulated blood. 
 
 12. Aorta, — exhibiting ossification and dilatation : mitral 
 
 E 2 
 
52 ClIiCULATION. 
 
 valves of the Heart thickened : the Pericardium ad- 
 herent to that organ. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Wetherall, 10th Regiment, get. 42, 
 who was brought into hospital labouring under extreme 
 difficulty of breathing; his pulse snjall, rapid, and inter- 
 mitting; countenance expressive of great anxiety ; and 
 extremities oedematous and cold. An attempt to bleed 
 him led to little result; and, although he experienced 
 momentary relief from immersion in a warm bath, he 
 died in an hour afterwards. On dissection, the vessels 
 of the Brain were found congested ; the Pleurje on both 
 sides had formed strong adhesions to the opposite sur- 
 faces : the Heart was considerably enlarged, and closely 
 united to the Pericardium; the mitral valves were un- 
 naturally thickened ; and the Aorta, which was ossified 
 at numerous points, presented a dilatation capable of 
 containing a large orange. 
 
 13. Exhibits a small Aneurism of the Aorta, about die size 
 
 of a walnut, situated immediately above the semilunar 
 valves, and involving the right coronary artery. — Pre- 
 sented bij Mr. Stevenson, Assistant Surgeon, 60th Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 From John Schmitt, 60th Regiment. He became 
 suddenly affected with dyspnoea, and fell dead on the 
 floor. On examination, the Aneurism above described 
 was found to have burst into the pericardial sac, whicii 
 was filled with blood. 
 
 14. Exhibits the coats of the Aorta, much diseased, and a true 
 
 Aneurism, about as large as an orange, existing imme- 
 diately below the origin of the left subclavian artery, 
 and ruptured. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant John Saxelly, a-t. 28, 10th Hussars, 
 who died suddenly in the night, post coitum. After 
 death, the Fleart was found involved in a thick coagulum 
 of blood, which had escaped from the ruptured aneu- 
 rismal sac. 
 
 15. Aneurism of the ascending portion of the arch of the 
 
 Aorta. — Albam/ Hospital, Isle of Wight. — History un- 
 attai7iable. 
 
 16. Shows numerous points of osseous deposition in die coats 
 
 of the Aorta, and Aneurism of the descending jiortion 
 of its arch. An irregularity occurs in the origin of the 
 vessels arising from the arch ; the left vertebral artery 
 
DKVISION II. 
 
 lakinty its rise from the Aorta, between the left carotid 
 
 and left subdavian arteries. — History unattainable. 
 
 17. Very large Aneurism of the abdominal Aorta, with open 
 
 sac : Caries of the vertebrip. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Daniel Baillie, 40th Regiment, ast. 40, who 
 was admitted, complaining of pain and debility of the 
 loins, and incapability of progression. He stated that 
 eighteen months previously he had received a violent 
 contusion on that part by a fall from a baggage-cart, 
 since which period he had never been free from these 
 symptoms. A pulsating tumour could be distinctly felt 
 in the left lumbar region. He remained in hospital 
 seven weeks, when death took place in consequence of 
 the rupture of the aneurism internally. About ten 
 pounds weight of coagula were extracted from the sac. 
 
 18. Aneurism of the abdominal Aorta, opening into the cavity 
 
 of the belly. — America. 
 
 From a'^soldier of the 60th Regiment, who died sud- 
 denly on the bursting of the aneurismal sac. 
 
 i9. xineurism of the abdominal Aorta. — Albany Hospital, Isle 
 of Wight. — History unattainable. 
 
 20. Aneurism of the popliteal artery. — York Hospital, Chelsea. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 21. Exhibits complete obliteration of the femoral artery, after 
 
 an operation for popliteal Aneurism. — Presented by Dr. 
 Hennen, Deputy Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient from whom this preparation was removed 
 had undergone the operation for popliteal aneurism 
 some time previous to his death, which ensued from 
 another disease. The femoral artery was tied in the 
 upper part of its course. 
 
 22. Semilunar valves of the Aorta, exhibiting fungiform ex- 
 
 crescences. — History unattainable. 
 
 23. Extensive ossification of the Aorta, attended with dilata- 
 
 tion of that \Qss,e\.— Corfu.— Presented by Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, — History unattainable. 
 
 24. Section of Aorta, discoloured by melanotic matter. — 
 
 Corfu. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of 
 Hospitals. 
 
 From the body of a Greek. (Vide Circidat ion. Divi- 
 sion I. No, 47.) 
 
5'h CIRCULATION. 
 
 25. Femoral artery and Profunda, obstructed by a coagulum. 
 
 —Fort FitL 
 
 From John Bell, 1st Regiment, J3et. 47, admitted on 
 account of an ununited compound fracture of the Os 
 femoris, produced by a musket-ball at Waterloo, two 
 years previously. While under treatment, the limb sud- 
 denly mortified from the cause shown in the prepara- 
 tion, and he died in fourteen hours. The femoral artery 
 presented partial ossification of its tunics, when subse- 
 quently examined. (Vide No. 37.) 
 
 26. Rupture of the x\orta, immediately above its valves, in 
 
 consequence of fungiform disease of its structure. — His- 
 tory iinattamahle. 
 
 27. Small Aneurism of the Aorta, by dilatation, beyond the 
 
 valves ; and calcareous deposit between the coats of 
 that tube. — History unattainable. 
 
 28. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta: the Heart enlarged; 
 
 and the Pericardium thickened. — Cape of Good Hope. — 
 Presented by Dr. Macdounell, Surgeon, 51th Regiment. 
 
 From James Quick, a^t. 39, 55th Regiment, who was 
 received into hospital with cough, slight expectoration, 
 orthopnoea, anxious countenance, and irregular, and 
 occasionally intermittent action of the Heart. He had 
 also difficult deglutition, and sometimes complained of 
 a sensation of choaking. He had long complained of 
 pain in the chest, which he latterly referred to the region 
 of the Sternum. As the disease advanced, he could re- 
 spire only when the trunk was inclined forwards, and 
 was constantly apprehensive of impending suffi)cation ; 
 he could take no sustenance ; his limbs, particularly the 
 upper extremities, became mottled and oedcmatous, and 
 death soon terminated his sufferings. On dissection, the 
 Heart and aneurismal tumour occupied a considerable 
 part of the thoracic cavity. The sac pressed anteriorly 
 against the sternum, and posteriorly against the Trachea 
 and (Esophagus. A small ossified patch occupied the 
 tunics of the Aorta, in the site of the lesion : the Heart 
 and Pericardium mutually and universally adhered; and 
 the right pleural cavity contained about a pint of serum. 
 The Lungs were unaffected by disease. 
 
 29. Aneurism of the descending Aorta, which burst into the 
 
 base of the left Lung. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From Gulliver Stola, a black pioneer. He had com- 
 
DIVISION II. 55 
 
 piained of dull pain between tlic scapula?, inability to 
 repose, unless propped up in bed, and inordinate action 
 of the Heart and arteries, by which he was incapacitated 
 from duty, and invalided. A short time after, he was 
 discovered dead on the sea-shore, where he had been 
 bathing. On dissection, the left Lung was found col- 
 lapsed to a mere line at its anterior edge, and was sepa- 
 rated from the mediastinum by a firm coagulum three 
 inches wide, extending from the clavicle to the dia- 
 phragm, and embracing the root of the Lung. The clot 
 and fluid portion together measured five pints. The 
 aneurismal tumour, two inches and a half in diameter, 
 having insinuated itself under the oesophagus, had pushed 
 forward that tube, and protruded itself into the substance 
 of the left Lung at its base. Posteriorly it pressed 
 against the vertebrae, producing caries of the bodies of 
 two of them, which were thus involved in the sac, and 
 became part of its parietes. The posterior portion of 
 the Lung was soft, the pleura having, apparently, been 
 long detached. 
 30. Large Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta, attended with 
 dilatation of that vessel. — Presented by Mr, Puterson, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 52nd Regiment. 
 
 From Corporal William Young, 52nd Regiment, a 
 robust healthy man, until eighteen months previous to 
 his death, when he received a blow from a cricket-ball 
 on the breast. From that time his health declined: he 
 became emaciated, and was subject to dyspnoea on ex- 
 ertion. About a year afterwards, it was remarked that 
 the middle portion of the Sternum and adjoining carti- 
 lages had become deformed. Six weeks before his death, 
 on sudden exertion, this curve outwards enlarged, ex- 
 tending as high up as the clavicle. At this period the 
 pulsation of the tumour was frightful : the patient was 
 a martyr to orthopnoea, dysphagia, and pain in the right 
 arm, which gradually became benumbed : the pulsation 
 in the left radial artery was feeble and irregular, in the 
 right completely extinct ; and the lower extremities be- 
 came anasarcous. Thus he dragged on a miserable 
 existence, until death put an end to his sufferings. On 
 dissection, the aneurism which constitutes the prepara- 
 tion was discovered. No rupture of the sac had taken 
 place. The tumour pressed posteriorly on the Qllso- 
 phagus ; anteriorly against the Sternum, part of which 
 had become carious, or had been absorbed ; and it had 
 
56 CIRCULATION. 
 
 also formed extensive adhesions with the adjoining vis- 
 cera. (Vide Class III. Locomotion. Division I. No. 23.) 
 
 31. Extensive Aneurism of the arch of the Aorla. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Adams, aet. 40, Itth Regiment, who 
 was admitted, on arrival from India, with symptoms of 
 chronic catarrh, which had existed for twenty months. 
 Soon after, a more alarming class of symptoms arose, in 
 addition to the cough and expectoration, viz., incapa- 
 bility of respiration, except in a sitting posture with the 
 head inclined forwards; painful and difficult deglutition, 
 and a sense of impending suffocation. On examination, 
 an irregular convexity was now apparent at the upper 
 part of the Sternum, where pulsation could be plainly 
 observed, and its nature and cause detected by the ste- 
 thoscope. At length a violent paroxysm of dyspnoea 
 })ut a period to his existence. On dissection, a large 
 aneurism, which had not burst, was found to occupy 
 the whole arch of the Aorta, and to ascend on the Tra- 
 chea and QEsophagus, as high as the inferior border of 
 the left clavicle. The sac was in many parts very thin, 
 and at these spots the coagida were thickest. The Ster- 
 num, and bodies of three of the vertebras, against which 
 the tumour had pressed, were carious, and partially ab- 
 sorbed. 
 
 32. Large Aneurism of the thoracic Aorta, with rupture of 
 
 the sac; the bodies of the neighbouring vertebrae, and 
 heads of the adjoining ribs carious. — Halifax. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 33. Dilatation of the arch of the Aorta, and Aneurism of the 
 
 thoracic portion of that vessel, with rupture of the sac. — 
 Presented hy Mr. Robertson, Surgeon, Royal Navy. 
 
 From a convict, who, having complained of severe 
 pain in the chest, soon after being engaged in laborious 
 work, was relieved from duty, and retained in hospital. 
 On the following day, while sitting up in bed, engaged 
 in conversation, he suddenly reclined, and expired. On 
 dissection, the aneurism which forms the subject of the 
 preparation was discovered: effusion of blood, but not 
 to a very considerable extent, had taken place into the 
 left pleural bag; and the bodies of two of the vertebra? 
 were found carious from the pressure of the tumour 
 on them. (Vide Class III. Locomoiiou. Division III. 
 No. 11.) 
 
DIVISION II. 57 
 
 34. Exhibits Aneurism of the Popliteal artery, with opening 
 
 in the sac. — History unattainable. 
 
 35. Small Aneurism of the Popliteal artery. — History imat- 
 
 tainahlc. 
 
 36. Small (diffused?) Aneurism of the Popliteal artery. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 3/. Portion of Femoral artery, — exhibiting points of ossifi- 
 cation. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 25. 
 
 38. Portion of the arch of the Aorta, — exhibiting diseased se- 
 
 milunar valves, and incipient Aneurism, commencing 
 by solution of continuity of the internal tunic. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Macdonnell, Surgeon^ 51th Regiment. 
 From a soldier of the 55th Regiment. 
 
 39. Excrescences growing from the semilunar valves of the 
 
 Aorta.— i^o;/ Pitt. 
 
 From William Pitt, 24th Regiment, aet. 23. (Vide 
 Class II. Digestion. Division IV. No. 73.) 
 
 40. Ossified points deposited in the ascending Aorta. — Malta. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Mahony^ Stirgeon, 7tk Fusileers. 
 
 41. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta. — Gibraltar. — Presented 
 
 by Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 In this case the ascending Vena cava was obliterated 
 by the pressure of the aneurismal tumour. Death is 
 said to have taken place from "a clot falling into the 
 aorta." 
 
 42. Exhibits Aneurism of the abdominal Aorta, with ulceration 
 
 of the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae ; and affords a 
 well-marked specimen of aneurism of the external coat 
 of the artery, after destruction of the inner and middle 
 tunics. The basis only of the sac, which was of pro- 
 digious magnitude, is shown. Notwithstanding the ex- 
 tensive ulceration of the vertebra^, the interposed fibro- 
 cartiiages are intact. — Prese?ited by Mr. Baynton, Cu- 
 rator of the Museum of St. BartholomeisS s Hospital. 
 
 43. Basis of the Aorta, — exhibiting a cartilaginous condition 
 
 of the inner tunic. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a middle-aged soldier, of intemperate habits, 
 who had long served in the Mediterranean. He died 
 of Phthisis, the severity of the syn^.ptoms of which ob- 
 
58 CIRCULATION. 
 
 scured those arising from the diseased condition of the 
 Aorta. On dissection, the left ventricle was found thick- 
 ened, and somewhat dilated. The Lungs were, through- 
 out, pervaded by vomicae, and crude tubercular de- 
 posit. 
 
 44. Portion of Aorta, with thickening and cartilaginous in- 
 
 duration of the inner tunic; affording an example ot 
 that form of disease termed " Tuberculate Steatoma." — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From James Cogle, 71st Regiment, set. 40, whose con- 
 stitution had been previously broken down by visceral 
 disease. He was admitted with Paralysis, having lost 
 all controul over the muscles of articulation and deglu- 
 tition, as well as those of the right arm. He soon be- 
 came emaciated and delirious; and, shortly after, was 
 attacked with apoplexy, of the effects of which, having 
 lingered a few days, he died. 
 
 45. Portion of descending Aorta, presenting tubercular de- 
 
 posit between the circular fibres of the vessel, and its 
 inner membrane. — Presented hy Mr. Gtdliver, Assistant 
 Surgeon, list Regiment. 
 
 From a middle-aged woman. The right chambers 
 of the Heart were vastly thickened, and dilated ; and 
 the aortic valves were loaded with osseous deposit. 
 
 40. Presents vegetations from the semilunar valves of the 
 Aorta.— i^or;; Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who was affected with general ana- 
 sarca, accompanied by a diffused and impulsive, but not 
 irre<J-ular, action of the Heart. He died in three days 
 after his reception into hospital. On examination, the 
 Heart was found greatly enlarged; the aortal valves 
 presented a fine specimen of fleshy excrescences; and 
 the Lungs were very oedematous. 
 
 47. Semilunar valves of the Aorta covered with earthy de- 
 
 posit. — Ionian Islands. — Presented hy Mr. Boe, Surgeon, 
 '2Sth Regiment. 
 
 From the body of an Artillery-man, who liad laboured 
 under symptoms of hydrothorax. 
 
 48. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta, communicating with 
 
 the rifrht Lung, by a small round opening. Small ulce- 
 rated *]ioints are observable at the commencement of the 
 left Bronchia. — History unattainable. 
 
DIVISION II. 59 
 
 49. Arch of the Aorta, with atheromatous deposit beneath the 
 
 lining membrane, which is of a deep red colour. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From John Breathing, 60th Regiment, affected with 
 mania. He died in a state of atrophy, without any 
 well-marked organic lesion. On dissection, the whole 
 of the thoracic Aorta was found thus diseased. Even 
 the inner coat of the carotids was of a red colour ; but 
 that of the abdominal Aorta had retained its natural ap- 
 pearance. This appearance of the artery was found in 
 two other maniacs about the same period. The Lungs 
 were also in a state of disease. (Vide Rcspiratioii. Di- 
 vision III. No. 77.) 
 
 50. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta. — Ionian Islands. 
 
 Presented by Mr. Roe, Surgeon, 28tk Regiment. 
 
 From the body of a tailor of that corps, a drunkard. 
 He was received into hospital with a pectoral affection, 
 of which the chief symptoms were cough, and hoarse- 
 ness. He died of Phthisis. No suspicion was enter- 
 tained during lite of the existence of an aneurism. 
 
 51. Aneurism of the thoracic Aorta. — Presented by Mr. Ford, 
 
 Assista7it Surgeon, 72?id Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 6C)th Regiment, an habitual 
 drunkard, who complained of violent pain in the region 
 of the Heart, and between the scapulae: the Heart's ac- 
 tion was frequent and irregular, with which the pulse at 
 the wrist was not synchronous. He died suddenly of a 
 flood of blood from the Trachea. On examination after 
 death, the haemorrhage was found to have issued from 
 the aneurismal sac, which had burst into the right Luno-. 
 
 52. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta, with very abundant 
 
 deposit of bony matter. — Chatham.— Presented by Dr. 
 Richardson, Surgeon, Royal Marines. 
 
 From William Lewis, set. 49, a Gunner, R.N., whose 
 complaints were of the following nature :— palpitation 
 without pain in the cardiac region; intermitting pulse; 
 cough, with muco-sanguineous sputa; irritability of the 
 stomach, with occasional singultus; anxious expression 
 of countenance; white tongue; urine scanty, and de- 
 positing a lateritious sediment; and orthopnoea, with a 
 sense of impending suffocation. He died forty days 
 after he was received into hospital. On dissection, be- 
 sides the aneurism, several pints of a green fluid were 
 
60 CIRCULATION. 
 
 discovered in the thoracic cavities; and the Liver ap- 
 peared much tuberculated and indurated. 
 
 53. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta, bursting at the root of 
 
 the left Lung: the irregular opening in the sac is pro- 
 duced by forcible separation from the Sternum, to which 
 it had firmly adhered. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Smart, 55th Regiment, let. 24. He 
 was affected with unnatural fulness of the left pectoral 
 integuments; pain on pressure of that part; and violent 
 throbbing of the Heart against the 4th and 5th ribs, the 
 pulsation not being synchronous with that at the wrists. 
 While in the General Hospital, he had a serious attack 
 of haemoptysis, which, returning a second time, carried 
 him off". Dissection: — On raising the Sternum, it was 
 found to adhere to the upper part of an aneurismal sac, 
 which was about the size of an orange, and had its an- 
 terior parietes formed of various layers of fibrine. The 
 Heart was large; the semilunar aortic valves ossified ; 
 and the arch of the vessel contained much osseous matter 
 beneath the inner membrane. This latter part of the 
 Aorta was considerably dilated, and had given way in 
 various places; it communicated anteriorly, by a cir- 
 cular opening, with the aneurismal sac of the prepara- 
 tion; with another small sac, to the right, near the Vena 
 cava superior; and widi an irregular cavity to the left, 
 at the base of the left Lung. The last contained some 
 loose fibrine, and was, probably, the part from which 
 the haemorrhage took place. The left Lung was greatly 
 consolidated, and adhered to the ribs by a membrane of 
 cartilaginous consistence. 
 
 54. Aneurism of the right subclavian artery. — Malta. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Portelli. 
 
 Taken from the body of a Maltese, who died of its 
 rupture. 
 
 55. Femoral artery, on which a ligature had been applied be- 
 
 low the A. profunda, for secondary haemorrhage, after 
 amputation of the thigh. — Ibid. — Preseiitedby Dr. White, 
 Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a soldier of the 95th Regiment. On dissection, 
 the Aorta was found diseased, and a coagulura was de- 
 tected in the femoral vein. The reason for which the 
 limb was removed was Caries of the C)s femoris. (Vide 
 Division III. No. 8 ; and Class HL Locomotion. Di- 
 vision L No. 124.) 
 
DIVISION II. 61 
 
 56. Portion of the abdominal Aorta, with deposit beneath the 
 
 lining membrane. — Malta. — Presented by the same. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding pre- 
 paration. 
 
 57. Aneurism of the ascending Aorta: the ruptured opening 
 
 is indicated by the insertion of a piece of whalebone. — 
 Ibid. — Presented by Mr. O'^Brien, Assistant Surgeon, 
 1th Fusileers. 
 
 The aneurismal sac burst within the Pericardium, 
 whereby sudden death was occasioned. 
 
 58. Aneurism of the ascending Aorta. — Ibid. — Presented, by 
 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of the Rifle Brigade, who died 
 suddenly. The Pericardium was found, on inspection, 
 distended with blood: the rupture through which it had 
 escaped could not be detected. The openings obser- 
 vable in the Aneurism were made, one by an incision, 
 the other by the removal of coagulable lymph, which 
 had plugged it up. 
 
 59. Aneurism of the thoracic Aorta, which had burst into the 
 
 left cavity of the chest. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From George Harwood, 49th Regiment, a^t. 36, who 
 had long complained of oppression of breathing, with 
 occasional pain in the chest. When admitted, there was 
 evident protrusion of the chest to the right side, and 
 strong pulsation about the third and fourth ribs of the 
 same side, but no irregularity of the heart's action. Sub- 
 sequently, he complained of dysphagia, and a sensation 
 of heat at the lower part of the Trachea. On post mortem 
 examination, the left side of the chest was found to con- 
 tain about a quart of bloody serum, with a loose coagu- 
 lum floating in it, and weighing between two and three 
 pounds. The arch of the Aorta was dilated, and, when 
 cut open, exhibited some layers of fibrine. Below this 
 was the aneurismal sac, containing various layers of 
 fibrine, and an opening near the base of the left Lung, 
 from w'hich the fatal haemorrhage had taken place. 
 
 60. Exhibits a diff'used Aneurism of the Popliteal artery. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant John Campbell, 45th Regiment, aet. 30, 
 who was affected with the above-mentioned disease. At 
 the period of his admission, he had an extensive tumour 
 in the right ham, and inner and lower part of the same 
 
62 CIRCULATION. 
 
 thigh ; in the latter direction it had ah'eady burst, and 
 profuse haemorrhage had taken place from the external 
 opening, the repetition of which was only prevented by 
 the constant application of the tourniquet. All things 
 considered, it was deemed advisable to amputate the 
 limb, which was accordingly done. The patient sur- 
 vived the operation only thirty-two hours. On removing 
 the integuments from the limb, the muscles were found 
 much displaced, and infiltrated with blood : about three 
 or four pounds of coagulum were readily removed, which 
 at the point of connexion with the artery had adhering 
 to it part of a small sac formed of coagulable lymph, 
 the remainder of which may be observed surrounding 
 the opening in the artery. Above the morbid point, the 
 vessel was pervious ; below, it was plugged up with co- 
 agulable lymph for about three inches of its course. 
 (Vide Drawing, No. 10; and Class III. Locomotion. Di- 
 vision I. No. 134.) 
 
 61. Presents obliteration of the left common Iliac artery, and 
 
 greatly diminished calibre of the right. — Malta. — Pte- 
 sented hy Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of the 95th Regiment, who died 
 suddenly from pulmonary apoplexy. During life, there 
 had been no indication of this diseased condition of the 
 above-mentioned arteries. 
 
 62. Atheromatous deposit beneath the inner membrane of the 
 
 ascending portion of the Aorta. — Ibid. — Presented hij 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 63. Portion of Aorta, — exhibiting considerable deposit of os- 
 
 seous matter beneath the inner coat. — Ibid. — Presoited 
 by Mr. Fiddcs, Surgeon, 85th Regiment. — History wiai- 
 tainable. 
 
 64. Part of the arch of the Aorta, with much athei'omatous 
 
 matter beneath the lining tunic. — Ibid. — Presented by 
 the same. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 65. Aneurism of the abdominal Aorta. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 JVhyte, Surgeon, 69th Regiment. 
 
 iaken from the body of Corporal George Cox, 15th 
 Regiment. 
 
 66. Semilunar valves of the Aorta, — exhibiliug thickening 
 
 and elongation. — Fort Pitt. 
 
DIVISION II. 63 
 
 From Thomas Pettit, 24-th Reghiient, aet. 23, who 
 died of Consumption, without any external evidence of 
 a morbid condition of the Heart. On dissection, four 
 ounces of serum were detected in the cavity of the Peri- 
 cardium ; and the Lungs were consolidated by tuber- 
 cular deposit. 
 
 G/. Semilunar valves of the Aorta, with osseous matter depo- 
 sited at their bases. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Fleming, aet. 46, many years a melancholic 
 patient in the Lunatic Asylum, who died of acute pec- 
 toral disease. On dissection, the Lungs were found 
 loaded with serum ; the Pericardium adhered at many 
 parts to the Heart, and its surface was covered with a 
 recent effusion of lymph. There was considerable hy- 
 pertrophy of the left ventricle; numerous atheromatous 
 points beneath the lining membrane of the Aorta; and 
 retroversion of the semilunar valves. 
 
 68. Brachial artery obliterated by ligature : a plug of lymph 
 
 extending up to the nearest branch. — Ibid. 
 
 In this case the brachial artery was tied on account of 
 haemorrhage from an ulcer; and the bleeding recurring 
 in a few hours, the limb was amputated. On examina- 
 tion, it was found that both the brachial artery and vein 
 had been opened by the ulceration. The case proved 
 fatal from other causes, about a month after the ope- 
 ration. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 89. Ilc$j)iration. Di- 
 vision in. 
 
 69. Semilunar valves of the Aorta, — exhibiting considerable 
 
 cartilaginous deposit at the junction of the two portions, 
 whereby the calibre of that tube is much diminished. — 
 Ihid. 
 
 From James Angel, set. 35, Rifle Brigade, an imbe- 
 cile patient in the Lunatic Asylum, who died of Erysi- 
 pelas in the head. No symptoms were at any time noted 
 in connexion with the disease displayed in the prepa- 
 ration. 
 
 70. Abdominal Aorta,-exhibiting a horizontal Wound through 
 
 its coats. — Madras. — Presented by Dr. Strachaii, In- 
 spector General of Hospitals. 
 
 From Robert Foster, 41st Regiment, tet. 22. The 
 wound was produced by the bayonet of a sentry, whom 
 he endeavoured to force, when intoxicated. He survived 
 
64- CIRCULATION. 
 
 the accident about three hours. On dissection, the ab- 
 domen was found distended with coagulated blood. 
 
 71. Extensive aneurismal dilatation of the arch of the Aorta, 
 
 with some layex's of coagulum deposited about the an- 
 terior walls of the sac. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Peter M'Glashin, aet. 42, 40th Regiment. He 
 was admitted on his return from India, having served in 
 a hot climate eight years. His respiration was attended 
 by a wheezing, hollow sound ; he had some cough ; 
 countenance distressed ; pulse feeble ; he was unable to 
 stand upright, or to assume a horizontal position, but, 
 from the moment of admission to that of his death, in- 
 variably remained in a sitting posture, any attempt to 
 lie down producing a feeling of suffocation. He expired 
 very suddenly. On dissection, it was discovered that 
 the Heart had formed adhesions to the Pericardium ; 
 extensive traces of ancient pulmonic disease existed ; 
 about a pint of coagulum was found in the aneurismal 
 cavity, which also contained layers of fibrine of consi- 
 derable thickness ; and, in some parts, the lining mem- 
 brane was raised in a tuberculated form by the depo- 
 sition of atheromatous matter. 
 
 72. Exhibits an Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta. — Malta. 
 — Presented by Mr. Martin^ Surgeon, 73rd Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 73rd Regiment, who died from rup- 
 ture of the aneurismal tumour, and effusion of blood into 
 the left pleural bag. 
 
 73. Exhibits the basilary arter}^, with its division ; the right 
 
 vertebral being much smaller than the left. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 sented bi/ the same. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 74. Portion of Aorta, — exhibiting osseous deposit between its 
 
 tunics. — Ibid. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from the body of a tailor, who died suddenly. 
 
 75. Portion of the common iliac artery, — exhibiting depo- 
 
 sition of bony matter. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 76. Atheromatous deposit beneath the inner membrane of the 
 
 thoracic Aorta : the calibre of the vessel much enlarged. 
 Ibid.. — Presented by Mr. Fiddcs, Surgeon, 8f)fh Regiment. 
 
DIVISION II. 65 
 
 From a soldier of that corps, who died of Consump- 
 tion. The left Lung contained many large vomicae. 
 
 "]"] . Portion of the descending Aorta, — exhibiting considerable 
 dilatation, and atheromatous deposit beneath its inner 
 coat. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. Martifi, Surgeon, 73rd 
 Regwient. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 72. 
 
 78. A Coagulum, taken from an aneurismal tumour in the 
 
 arch of the Aorta. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From the Aneurism, which forms the subject of 
 No. 72. 
 
 79. Portion of Aorta, — exhibiting extensive deposit of osseous 
 
 matter on the external surface of the inner coat. — Port 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Severn, aet. 29, Newfoundland Veteran 
 Company. Admitted, on his arrival from Newfoundland, 
 in a very emaciated state, labouring under a rheumatic 
 affection of the extremities, severe cough, dyspnoea, and 
 purulent expectoration ; beneath which maladies he gra- 
 dually sunk. On dissection, besides the condition of the 
 Aorta above adverted to, the Lungs were found to con- 
 tain much tubercular deposit, and there was a large ex- 
 cavation in the upper part of the right organ ; the left 
 pleural cavity also contained about a pint of fluid. The 
 Liver was large, with edges thickened and rather friable. 
 
 80. A small portion of Aorta, with a deposit of osseous matter 
 
 on the outer surface of the inner tunic. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 8L Portion of Aorta, — showing the semilunar valves consi- 
 derably thickened, and a deposition of bony matter be- 
 neath the inside coat of the vessel. — Ibid. 
 
 From Joseph Bradcock, 80th Regiment, set. 41. On 
 admission, the action of the Heart was violent and 
 thi'obbing; respiration laborious, almost to suffocation; 
 mucous rale very audible in the chest; the pulse quick 
 and labouring; and he had severe pain in the cardiac 
 region. A most distressing cough ultimately super- 
 vened ; the expectoration, which was at first mucoid, be- 
 came profuse and purulent; the extremities cold; and 
 the face bathed in sweat ; death soon afterwards termi- 
 nated his sufferings. On dissection, the Pericardium 
 was loaded with six ounces of serum : the Heart was 
 
66 CIRCULATION. 
 
 enlarged, more particularly the left ventricle: the Lungs 
 adhered throughout to the costal parietes, and parts of 
 their inferior lobes were somewhat carnified ; the bron- 
 chial lining was intensely red, and the tubes contained 
 a viscid excretion. 
 
 82. Portion of Aorta, — showing extensive bony deposit be- 
 
 neath the inner tunic. — I'ort Pitt, 
 
 From the same subject as No. 89. Circulation. Di- 
 vision I. 
 
 83. Right internal carotid artery, — exhibiting at its origin a 
 
 cartilaginous deposit, and sacculus. — Malta. — Presented 
 hy Mr. Martin, Surgeon, ISrd Regiment. 
 
 84. Aneurism of the Arteria innominata, which burst into the 
 
 Lung at the spot where a small part of that viscus is 
 visible in the preparation. Parts of all the blood-ves- 
 sels connected with, or in the neighbourhood of, the 
 disease are preserved and perceptible. — Ionian Islands. 
 — Presented hy Dr. MMtmn, Assista?it Surgeon, 10th 
 RegimeJit. 
 
 85. Aneurism of the arch of the Aorta. — Malta. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Davy, Assistant Insjoector of Hospitals. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 Division IIL— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 VEINS, 
 
 \. Tumour situated above the Vena cava inferior, immediately 
 at its termination in the right auricle: the Heart en- 
 larged.— jPor/ Pitt. 
 
 From John Lang, 60th Regiment, aet. 43, admitted, on 
 his arrival from Jamaica, with hffimatemesis, to which 
 he had formerly been subject; and also complaining of 
 acute pain in the region of the Spleen, which extended 
 to the Sternum, and was increased on inspiration : these 
 complaints he attributed to an injury he had received 
 some time previously. While in hospital, the htemate- 
 mesis frequently returned, and his faeces were tinged with 
 blood. After death the lesions preserved in the prepa- 
 
DIVISION III. 67 
 
 ration were discovered; the Liver contained large, brown 
 tubercles; and the great Intestines were ulcerated. 
 
 2. Large Coagnlum surrounding the Aorta and Vena cava, 
 
 effused by ulceration of the latter vessel; which, also, has 
 lymph poured out on its inner surface. — France. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Murraij, Surgeon to the Forces. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 3. Ulceration of the Femoral Vein, at the point where the Vena 
 
 Saphena enters. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Cogan, aet. 38, 35th Regiment, admitted 
 with a large lacerated and contused wound in the left 
 thigh, from the passage of a cart-wheel over the limb. 
 Three weeks after the accident it was deemed expedient 
 to amputate, in consequence of profuse haemorrhage from 
 the femoral vein, which had been tied. He died of Phle- 
 bitis on the tenth day after the operation. 
 
 4. Portion of Vein, — exhibiting Varix. — Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Macdounell, Surgeon, 51th Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 This vein had been operated on, with a view to remove 
 its varicose state by complete division and obliteration of 
 the vessel: only partial division was, however, effected, 
 and it subsequently resumed its natural diameter, and 
 continued pervious. 
 
 5. Portion of Vein, — exhibiting the effects of inflammation. — 
 
 Edinburgh. — Presented by Dr. K?iox. — History unattain- 
 able. 
 
 6. Popliteal Vein, — exhibiting complete obliteration of its cali- 
 
 bre by a sanguineous coagulum. — Presented by Dr. Btishe, 
 Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 A man, in consequence of a fall from a building, com- 
 minuted his Tibia and Ankle-joint: mortification sub- 
 sequently ensuing, the limb was amputated above the 
 knee, when the state of parts in the preparation was dis- 
 covered. 
 
 7. External Iliac Artery and Vein ; the calibre of the latter 
 
 obliterated by copious effusion of a substance resembling 
 lymph. — Birmingham. — Presented by Dr. Jones, Surgeon, 
 \st Dragoon Guards. 
 
 Taken from a woman, who died of Phlegmasia dolens. 
 F 2 
 
68 CIRCULATION. 
 
 8. Femoral Vein, containing coagulable lymph. — Presented bij 
 Dr. JV/iite, Assistant Snrgeo?i to the Forces. 
 
 From a patient who had a ligature placed on the fe- 
 moral artery, on account of secondary haemorrhage after 
 amputation of the thigh. 
 
 9. Portion of Vena cava inferior, containing a coagulum, 
 which descends into the Iliac veins, completely closing 
 the right canal. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. Lightbody, 
 Siirgeo?i, SOt/i Regimeiit. 
 
 Taken from George Darlington, 80th Regiment, who 
 died from this cause. The right lower extremity became 
 much swollen, and cold, previous to death. On exami- 
 nation, a tumour was discovered, which produced pres- 
 sure on the Vena cava, obstructing its channel. 
 
 10. Superior Mesenteric Vein, which opens into a sac. The 
 
 vein is indicated by a piece of bougie. — Ibid. — Presented 
 by the same. 
 
 From thesame subject as the preceding. — The tumour 
 therein alluded to, is the subject of this preparation: it 
 was formed by a sac, or cavity, into which the superior 
 mesenteric vein poured its blood. 
 
 1 1 . Coagulable lymph in the branches of the Vena Portae. — 
 
 Ibid. — Presented by Dr. Hodson, Su7geo?i, 95th Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 Taken from Serjeant Jenkins, of that corps. 
 
 12. Left Iliac and Femoral Vein, with its continuation to the 
 
 ankle, plugged up with coagulum. — Ibid. — Presented 
 by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of that corps, who died of 
 Phthisis pulmonalis. The state of the vein was indi- 
 cated a considerable time before death by swelling of the 
 limb, and acute pain in the groin. 
 
 13. A Coagulum, adhering firmly to the inside of the left Iliac 
 
 Vein. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Martin, Surgeon, 13rd 
 Resiment. 
 
DIGESTION. 69 
 
 Division IV.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF AB- 
 SORBENTS. 
 
 1. Upper part of Thoracic Duct, containing a coagulum.— 
 
 Malta.— Presented by Dr. Davy^ Assistant Inspector of 
 Hospitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 2. Unusual course of the Thoracic Duct across the Aorta. — 
 
 Malta. — Presented by Mr. Martin, Surg., 13rd Regiment. 
 
 Class II.— NATURAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 DIGESTION. 
 
 Division I.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF PHA- 
 RYNX, CESOPHAGUS, &c. 
 
 1. CEsophagus, — exhibiting ulceration, and stricture. — West 
 Indies. — Prese?ited by Mr. Campbell, Assistant Surgeon, 
 25th Regiment. 
 
 The subject from whom this preparation was removed 
 had been given to intoxication ; and the disease had been 
 known to exist about eight months. 
 
 2. CEsophagus, — exhibiting many small cysts which contained 
 
 pus, situated between that tube and the Larynx and Tra- 
 chea.— i^or/ Pitt. 
 
 P>om Peter M'Neil, 78th Regiment, who was admitted 
 with Hernia humoralis. When convalescent, he was at- 
 tacked with pain in the throat, and dysphagia; and, five 
 days after, with urgent dyspnoea, and pain in the left hy- 
 pochondrium ; the former to such a degree, as shortly to 
 terminate in suffocation, although Bronchotomy was per- 
 formed. He survived the operation but one hour. 
 
 3. Tongue, Trachea, and CEsophagus, — exhibiting traces of 
 
 I n flam mation . — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from a man, who died of Hydrophobia. 
 
70 DIGESTION. 
 
 4. Ulceration of the soft Palate. — Ibid. — History imattainahlc. 
 
 5. CEsophagus, — exhibiting abrasion of the inner coat. — Ibid. 
 
 From Cornelius Conway, 8th Light Dragoons, set. 28. 
 On his arrival from India, where he had served eleven 
 years, he was admitted with chronic dysentery; of which, 
 in a short time, he died. While abroad, he had repeated 
 attacks of fever and dysentery, and had been as often 
 salivated. On examination, the large Intestines weiefound 
 thickened, and extensively ulcerated. 
 
 6. Malignant ulceration, which has destroyed a great part of 
 the Tongue. — Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser, As- 
 sistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a soldier of the 23rd Regiment. The disease, 
 in connexion with diarrhoea, proved fatal. 
 
 7. Pharynx and Tongue, with deficiency of the Velum pen- 
 dulum palati. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Lock, 13th Light Dragoons, ast. 30, 
 admitted in an advanced stage of pulmonary Phthisis. 
 When he attempted to swallow fluid, the greater part 
 of it regurgitated through the meati narium. He stated 
 that he had been repeatedly salivated for venereal affec- 
 tions, and that ulceration, and sloughing of the soft pa- 
 late, had existed. On dissection, exostosis presented on 
 the front of the cervical vertebree; the tibia was thick- 
 ened from osseous deposition; and the glans penis was 
 found nearly destroyed. (Vide Class III. Locomotion. 
 Division III. No. 23.) 
 
 8. CEsophagus, — exhibiting a rough layer of lymph thrown 
 
 out on its Hning membrane. — Portsmouth. — Presented by 
 Dr. Tiithill, Assistant Surgeon, 52nd Regiment. 
 
 From the body of Jane Walley, set. 23, who put a 
 period to her existence by swallowing a large dose of 
 oxalic acid. 
 
 9. CEsophagus, affected with an ulcer, which communicated 
 
 by a sinus with the posterior mediastinum. — Malta. — 
 Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rijle Brigade. 
 From a soldier, w iio died of Pneumonia. 
 
 10. Tonsil, — exhibiting a cavity, from ulceration and slough- 
 ing. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Martin, Stn-geo?i, 13rd 
 Regiment. 
 
 From Patrick M'Donnough, 88th Regiment, who died 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
DIVISION 11. 71 
 
 Division II.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 STOMACH. 
 
 1. A portion of Stomach, — exhibiting Scirrhus, condensation, 
 
 and contraction of the pyloric orifice. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Sullivan, who died of tubercular Phthisis. 
 No gastric symptoms were observed during life. 
 
 2. Portion of Stomach, presenting a small puncture. — York 
 
 Hospital., Chelsea. 
 
 From Serjeant Thomas Kendal, set. 58, who was as- 
 sassinated. He had received six wounds in various parts 
 of the body: that in the Stomach proved fatal on the 
 third day. 
 
 3. Stomach, — exhibiting an extensive ulcer, with an elevated 
 
 and firm edge, situated on its convex surface, near the 
 pyloric orifice. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Burns, 95th Regiment, who was admitted 
 with primary symptoms of Syphilis, and attacked with 
 fever, of which he died suddenly, after drinking immode- 
 rately of barley-water. 
 
 4. Stomach, — exhibiting ulceration and thickening of the py- 
 
 loric extremity. — Presented by Dr. Chermside, Sm-geoii, 
 lOt/i Hussars. 
 
 From Josepli Cross, 10th Hussars, who was given to 
 excess in spirits, and had been declining in health and 
 strength two months before admission. He was affected 
 with nausea, vomiting, anorexia, loss of appetite, abdo- 
 minal distension, and irregularity of bowels: latterly, he 
 became extremely emaciated and debilitated ; and died 
 in ten weeks from his reception into hospital. 
 
 5. Stomach, showing petechial disease, with thickened and 
 
 irregular inner membrane. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant John Gibbs, 65th Regiment, set. 37, 
 admitted moribund of Scurvy, on his arrival from India. 
 His constitution appears to have been previously broken 
 down by rheumatism and dysentery, and the use of large 
 quantities of mercury. He died the morning following 
 his admission. 
 
 6. Stomach, — exhibiting extensive ulceration of its great ex- 
 
 tremity, communicating with the Sp\een.— Ibid. 
 
72 DIGESTION. 
 
 From John H. Lang, 60th Regiment, ast. 43, who 
 complained of pain in the region oi" the Spleen, extend- 
 ing towards the Sternum, increased by full inspiration, 
 and sudden expirations. He attributed his complaint to 
 an injury which he had received in Jamaica some time 
 previously, since which he had never been free from pain 
 in the site of the great extremity of the Stomach, and 
 had occasionally been subject to hasnjatemesis. While 
 under treatment he had frequent attacks of sanguineous 
 vomiting and dejections. On examination after death, 
 the Liver was found to be tuberculated, and the Stomach 
 and Spleen in the state here described. 
 
 7- Stomach, — contracted, thickened, indurated, and ulcerated. 
 — France^— Presented hi/ Mr. Booty, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 From Serjeant Robert Sharpless, Rifle Brigade, set. 
 31, who had Ascites, with supposed hepatic disease, his 
 bowels being constipated, and stools clay- coloured. To- 
 wards the termination of the malady his apj^etite failed, 
 and became capricious, and, after eating, he felt a sense 
 of oppression about the praecordia, with inclination to 
 vomit. Lie had been latterly addicted to drinking. 
 
 8. Stomach, — ulcerated, and adhering to the Liver. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. — History unattaiiiahle. 
 
 9. Stomach, — exhibiting Scirrhus, and ulceration of the Py- 
 
 lorus. — Canada. — Presented by Dr. Wright, Deputy In- 
 spector Gejieral of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from a woman, whose food was said to pass 
 through the intestinal canal undigested. 
 
 10. Stomach, — exhibiting a large aperture in its bulging ex- 
 
 tremity. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 11. Stomach, with inflammation and erosion of its bulging 
 
 extremity. — Ireland. — Presented by Mr. Marti?idale, 
 Surgeoji, l^th Regiment. 
 
 From .Tohn M'Grath, who, while in hospital, swal- 
 lowed a drachm of oxymuriate of mercury and half an 
 ounce of laudanum. The following symptoms occurred: 
 vomiting and abdominal pain, succeeded by signs of en- 
 teritic inflammation: on the second day, continued vo- 
 miting, with occasional hiccough ; on tlie third, in ad- 
 dition to these, violent salivation ensued; and on the 
 fourth, dysenteric symptoms appeared, with great debi- 
 
DIVISION II. 73 
 
 lity. In this state he continued, until late on the seventh 
 day, when he became suddenly worse, and expired. On 
 dissection, the Stoniacli was found as above described; 
 small Intestines free from disease; Caecum and Colon 
 thickened and inflamed, with erosion of the mucous mem- 
 brane, and effusion of lymph, which hung inwards, pre- 
 senting a rugged appearance. The left Lung adhered 
 to the Pleura costalis, and was completely hepatized. 
 (Vide Drawing, No. 20.) 
 
 12. Stomach, — exhibiting scirrhous ulceration of the Pylorus. 
 
 — Fort Pitt. — History unattainahle. 
 
 13. Stomach, — exhibiting tubercular ulceration of its mucous 
 
 membrane. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 14. Stomach, — much thickened, with extensive ulceration of its 
 
 mucous coat. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 15. Tubercular disease of the peritoneal coat of the Stomach, 
 
 which adheres to the Liver. — Ibid.— History unattain- 
 able. 
 
 16. Stomach, — exhibiting extensive inflammation of its mu- 
 
 cous coat. — Portsmouth. — Presented by Dr. Dease, Sur- 
 geo?i to the Forces. 
 
 A recruit was affected with confluent small-pox, and 
 died on the seventh day. On dissection, the Stomach 
 was found in the state here described. 
 
 1". Ulceration of the Pylorus. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Lockhart, Newfoundland Veteran Com- 
 pany, who was reported to have been an habitual drunk- 
 ard. Three weeks previous to admission he was attacked 
 with pain and sickness of stomach : latterly he vomited 
 both food and medicine, and stools were only procured 
 by enemata. 
 
 18. Portion of Stomach and Duodenum, — exhibiting an ulcer 
 
 with very defined edges, extending through the coats of 
 the Pylorus. — Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser, As- 
 sistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a soldier, who, having been ill many years with 
 dyspeptic complaints, eventually died of inflammation of 
 the Lungs. 
 
 19. Stomach, — exhibiting an ulcer, which perforates all its 
 
 coats. — Fort Pitt. 
 
T-i DIGESTION. 
 
 From Michael Mulhclland, 89th Regiment, admitted 
 with chronic dysentery. He complained of pain in the 
 epigastric region, with vomiting after meals; and was 
 supposed to labour under disease of the Pylorus. (Vide 
 Painting, No. 2.) 
 
 20. Cancer of the Stomach, situated midway between the 
 
 oesophageal and pyloric ov\fices.~London.—Prese}ited 
 hy Mr. Titus Bcny, Surgeo7i to the Forces. 
 
 From Alexander Brown, jet. 68, a tailor, who in early 
 life had been addicted to spirit drinking. For eighteen 
 months previous to death he was affected with repeated 
 attacks of vomiting, accompanied by a burning sensation 
 in the umbilical region. He gradually lost his appetite, 
 flesh, and strength, and died in a fit of vomiting. The 
 right lobe of the Liver, on inspection, was tuberculated. 
 
 21. Pyloric end of the Stomach,— exhibiting the effects of 
 
 \^o\son.— Nottingham.— Frese7ited by Mr. Colclough, Sur- 
 geon^ 9th Lancers. 
 
 The poison swallowed was one ounce of the oxymu- 
 riate of mercury. The patient survived this dose ten 
 hours, and died of Gastritis. 
 
 22. Exhibits Scirrhus of the Pylorus. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Meyers, Rifle Brigade, a;t. 40, who was 
 much addicted to drinking. He was affected, for seven 
 months previous to death, with pyrosis, flatulency, pal- 
 pitation, occasional swelling of the abdomen, vomiting 
 after meals, sallow countenance, and emaciation ; but 
 never complained of pain in the pyloric region, even on 
 strong pressure. On dissection, the Stomach was found 
 to contain about three pints of a brownish fluid ; the 
 pyloric orifice would scarcely allow of the passage of a 
 crow-quill, and was surrounded by scirrhous matter, tlie 
 tubercular form o{' which is visible in the preparation. 
 In the right lobe of the Liver was also a scirrhous tu- 
 bercle (Vide Secretion. Division IL No. 69.). The Lungs 
 contained some granular tubercles, and small excava- 
 tions; and the Pleurae exhibited the effects of chronic 
 inflammation. 
 
 23. Ball, — taken from the Stomach of a Sheep. — Cape of Good 
 
 Hope. — Presented hj Mr. Ford, Assistant Swgeo'n, 7'2nd 
 Ilegime7it. 
 
 24. Stomach, — exhibiting a large ulcerated opening. — Pre- 
 
DIVISION II. 75 
 
 sented by Mr. Jones, Surgeon^ Ordnance Medical Depart- 
 ment. 
 
 From a soldier of the Royal Artillery. 
 
 25. Portion of Stomach, — exhibitin(v a Cicatrix. — Malta. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Martin, Surgeon, 73rd Regiment. 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment. 
 
 26. Exhibits extensive solution of continuity of the great arch 
 
 of the Stomach. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Smyth, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, Soth Regiment. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 91. Class I. Respiratioyi. 
 Division III. 
 
 27. Portion of Stomach, — exhibiting the result of inflamma- 
 
 tory action. — London. — Presented by Dr. Alexander, Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. 
 
 From Robert Lowry, set. 23, who was admitted with 
 congestive fever, excited by intemperance and exposure 
 to cold : the epigastrium was painful on pressure, the 
 stomach very irritable, and the pulse small and rapid. 
 Previous to death a miliary eruption appeared on the 
 skin, and that event was ushered in by convulsions. On 
 dissection, the Liver was found enlarged, and united by 
 ancient adhesions to the diaphragm. The inner surface 
 of the Stomach presented numerous large brown striae, 
 giving the parts a marbled appearance towards the 
 smaller arch, so dark as to resemble melanosis. This 
 lesion was chiefly perceptible towards the cardiac end. 
 
 28. Ulcer of the inner coat of the Stomach. — Ireland. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Barclay, Surgeon, ^l\st Regiment. 
 
 From William Tully, 2 1st Regiment, who was ad- 
 dicted to the use of ardent spirits, and died of Phthisis 
 pulmonalis. 
 
 29. Portion of Stomach, — exhibiting abrasion, ulceration, and 
 
 superficial slough. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From John IBurke, 21st Regiment, who died of Ana- 
 sarca, occasioned by intemperance in the use of ardent 
 spirits. 
 
 30. Ball, — taken from the Stomach of a Sheep, divided, to 
 
 show its structure. — Cape of Good Hope. — Presented by 
 Mr. Ford, Assistant Surgeo?i, '12nd Regiment. 
 From the same animal as No. 23. 
 
 31. Stomach, — with general thickening of its coats, and ulce- 
 
76 DIGESTION. 
 
 rated opening at the Pylorus. — Malta. — Presented by 
 Dr. Porlelli. 
 
 Taken from a Maltese of the Royal Fencibles, who 
 died suddenly, after enting a large quantity of figs, owing 
 to rupture of the ulcerated part, which had previously 
 adhered to the surface of theLobulusSpigelii of the Liver. 
 The contents of tiie Stomach had passed through this 
 opening into the abdominal cavity. The Stomach itself 
 weighed fifteen ounces and a half, and was capable of 
 containing thirteen pints of fluid. 
 
 Division III.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF SMALL 
 INTESTINES. 
 
 1. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. — Presented hy 
 
 Dr. Hennen, Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient from whom it was removed died of fever, 
 on the seventh day, 
 
 2. Portion of ulcerated Ileum. — Preseiited by the same. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 3. Ulceration of the Ileum. — Presented by the same. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 4. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting intus-susception. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Hunt, 69th Regiment, aet. 42, admitted, 
 on his arrival from India, labouring under chronic He- 
 patitis : he had also cough, and copious expectoration. 
 He died on the third day after admission. On dissection, 
 the Pericardium vvas found to be adherent to the Heart ; 
 the Liver enlarged and indurated; the Colon ulcerated; 
 and the Ileum iutus-suscepted. (Vide Division 111. No.-i.) 
 
 5. Presents another specimen of this disease. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 6. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting tubercles. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 /. Intus-suscepted portion of Intestine, withdrawn to exhibit 
 an adhesion. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Hriggs, e.Olh Regiment, a-t. 23, who was 
 admitted complaining of severe pain in the loins, greatly 
 
DIVISION III. 77 
 
 aggravated by extending the trunk of the body; face 
 flushed, eyes suffused, tongue white, appetite impaired, 
 bowels constipated. He died after two days treatment. 
 On dissection, all the viscera were sound, except the 
 small Intestines, which were intus-suscepted at two dif- 
 ferent points. Considerable vascularity was observed at 
 the lower end of the Ileum. 
 
 8. Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration, and a layer of coagulable 
 
 lymph on its peritoneal surface. — Fort Pitt. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 9. Portion of intus-suscepted Ileum. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 7. 
 
 10. Presents another specimen of Intus-susceptio Ilei. — Ibid. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 11. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting Sphacelus. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 12. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 The soldier, from whom this specimen was taken, 
 died of a bowel complaint of three months' duration. 
 
 13. Portion of small Intestine, forming adhesions with itself, 
 
 and exhibiting tubercular disease of its peritoneal coat. 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 14. Portion of Jejunum, — exhibiting varicose lacteals. — Ibid. 
 
 From Andrew Munro, 72nd Regiment, fet. 29, who, 
 being admitted with Phthisis pulmonalis of seven months' 
 duration, died in a fortnight. After death, the Lungs 
 were found to be tuberculated, the mesenteric glands 
 enlarged, and numerous lacteals were seen filled with 
 chyle. The Ileum, at its inferior part, was ulcerated. 
 
 15. Part of the Ileum and Mesentery, — exhibiting enlargement 
 
 of the mesenteric glands from Scrofula ; with a varicose 
 state of the lacteals. — Chatham. — Presented by Dr. Bushe, 
 Assistajit Surgeon to the Forces, 
 
 From John Walsh, who, for twelve months, had been 
 affected with scrofulous ulcerations in the neck. For 
 three months previous to death, the conglobate glands 
 in all the superficial parts of the body were enlarged. 
 This state was attended with emaciation, extreme debi- 
 lity, cough, purulent expectoration, diarrhoea, and night 
 sweats. Under these symptoms he sunk. After death, 
 
iO DIGESTION. 
 
 the Lungs were tound tuberculated and ulcerated, as 
 were also the Intestines : round these diseased parts 
 serous congestion had taken place. The Liver had a 
 marbled appearance, and was highly granular. The 
 mesenteric glands were much enlarged. 
 
 16. Portion of small Intestine, — exhibiting tubercles in a state 
 
 of ulceration. — Chatham. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as No. 15. 
 
 17. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. 
 
 From John Kirkham, 6th Regiment, aet. 19, admitted 
 with fever. He stated that he had lately recovered 
 from the eifects of a severe burn, and was subject to bowel 
 complaints. He died on the fifth day after admission. 
 The Intestines were afterwards found greatly diseased. 
 
 18. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting sero-scrofulous ulcera- 
 
 tion. — Fo7-t Pitt. — Histori) unattainahle. 
 
 19. Small Intestines strangulated by a portion of omentum, 
 
 which had formed adhesions round the root of the Me- 
 sentery. — Ibid. 
 
 From Peter Hardy, 42nd Regiment, who had been 
 frequently attacked with bowel complaints at Gibraltar, 
 (from whence he was invalided,) and since these had 
 subsided, by colic : after one of these seizures symptoms 
 of Enteritis supervened, to which he rapidly fell a victim. 
 
 20. Portion of Intestine, on which is a varicose lacteal. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant-major Strong, ciet. 37, who, being ad- 
 mitted with Consumption, died after two months' treat- 
 ment. 
 
 21. Presents another example of the same. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Millar, 91st Regiment, who being also 
 admitted with Consumption, died at the end of four 
 months. On dissection, two pints of pus were found 
 in the right pleural cavity ; the Lungs were tuberculated ; 
 the Intestines ulcerated ; the lacteals varicose. 
 
 22. Portion of small Intestine, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ediiu 
 
 burgh. — Presented bij Mr. Martindale^ Surgeon, 11th 
 Regiment. 
 
 From John Shortell, J 7th Regiment, a^t. 20, of a 
 strong and healthy appearance, wlio was admitted under 
 a continued form of fever, from which he became con- 
 
DIVISION III. 79 
 
 valescent; but having encountered a relapse, the disease 
 degenerated into a lormidable Typhus, of which he died 
 on the 11th day. After death, the small Intestines ap- 
 peared inflamed externally in patches, especially at the 
 lower part of the Ileum ; on opening them, extensive ul^ 
 cerations were observed, reaching to the valve of the 
 Colon. The Liver was indurated to a degree approach- 
 ing to scirrhus. (Vide Division IV. No. 39.) 
 
 23. Ulceration of small Intestines. — Edinburgh. — Presented 
 
 by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 22. 
 
 24. Another specimen, in which the ulceration extends to the 
 
 valve of the Colon. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as Nos. 22 and 23. 
 
 25. Portion of Ileum, ulcerated. — Fort Pitt. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 26. Portion of small Intestine,— exhibiting a fatty tumour im- 
 
 bedded in its coats. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 27. Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration, and effusion of lymph. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 28. Portion of Jejunum,— exhibiting ulceration.— /^>zW. 
 
 From Lawrence Tugwell, aet. 25, 4th Regiment, re- 
 ceived into hospital with chronic Hepatitis, contracted 
 in the West Indies ; he died, after being sixteen days 
 under treatment. On dissection, effusion was found to 
 have taken place into the chest ; the Lungs were conso- 
 lidated and tuberculated ; the Trachea ulcerated ; and 
 the small Intestines ulcerated along the whole course of 
 their canal. 
 
 29. Ileum, — exhibiting an ulcerated perforation— Cor/7^. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 In this case, effusion of the faeculencies into the cavity 
 was the consequence ; and a fatal peritoneal inflamma- 
 tion ensued. 
 
 30. Ulcerated Ileum. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Mahoney, 
 
 Surgeon, 1th Fusileers. 
 
 The result of remittent fever. 
 
 31 . A similar preparation. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
80 DIGESTION. 
 
 32. Small Intestines, — united by coagulable lymph. — Historij 
 
 iinattainahle. 
 
 33. Small Intestines, — agglutinated by coagulable lymph. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 34. Portions of Omentum, forming adhesions together. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 35. Ileum,— exhibiting petechial spots between its coats.— 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Parker, aet. 29, 13th Regiment, invalided 
 for pulmonic disease. On the day after his admission 
 into hospital he complained of headache, and other 
 symptoms of fever, the skin of the face and trunk being 
 unusually red : on the following day this appearance 
 had extended to the extremities, with pulse of 1 10, co- 
 pious discharge from the nose, and sputa tinged with 
 blood. On the fifth day he died. After death, effusion 
 was found to have taken place into the Lungs ; and pe- 
 techial spots were observed on the surface of the Heart, 
 and between the coats of the Intestines. (Vide Class I. 
 Circulation. Division I. No. 27.) 
 
 36. Small Intestines,— agglutinated by bands of lymph. — Mau- 
 
 ritius. — Presented by Dr. Shanks, Assist a7it Surgeon, 
 82nd Regiment. 
 
 From a black pioneer, who was admitted with a fluc- 
 tuating swelling of the abdomen, fulness and induration 
 of the hepatic region, scanty secretion of urine, torpid 
 bowels, and anasarcous extremities. These symptoms 
 becoming aggravated, and dyspnoea, cough, debility, 
 and emaciation supervening, he died in six months after 
 the commencement of his illness. On dissection, the 
 Liver was found thickly studded with pale, yellow, tu- 
 bercles ; at the anterior margin c;f the left lobe it adhered 
 to the pyloric extremity of the Stomach, where an abscess 
 was detected communicating with that viscus ; the Peri- 
 toneum and abdominal muscles were firmly agglutinated 
 by bands of organized lymph, interspersed with innu- 
 merable tubercles of various sizes ; and the thoracic, and 
 abdominal cavities contained about three pints ot serous 
 fluids. 
 
 37. Enlarged Mesenteric Glands. — Fort Pitt. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
DIVISION III. 81 
 
 38. Presents an example of Intus-siisceptio Ilei. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 39. A specimen of enlargement of the Mesenteric glands. — 
 
 Presented by Sir James Grant, Inspector Ge?ieral of Hos- 
 pitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 40. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting incipient ulceration, which 
 
 has its seat in the mucous follicles. — Fort Pitt. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 41. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting a Diverticulum. — Ibid. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 42. Enlarged Mesenteric glands. — York Hospital, Chelsea. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 43. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting numerous small scrofulous 
 
 tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 The subject from whom this preparation was taken 
 v,'as admitted with Phthisis pulmonalis, and died in three 
 days. The Lungs were afterwards found tuberculated : 
 the contents of the abdomen were firmly adherent toge- 
 ther, and studded with tubercles. 
 
 44. Ulceration of the Ileum at its termination. — Fort Pitt. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 45. Presents a similar lesion of that Intestine. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Hannan, ast. 21, 3rd Regiment, who was 
 admitted into hospital, labouring under typhoid sym- 
 ptoms, with diarrhoea of some standing. After five days 
 treatment, he died. On dissection, it was observed that 
 the small Intestines were alone diseased, their mucous 
 membrane being extensively ulcerated, and studded with 
 fleshy tubercles, the apices of many of which had un- 
 dergone absorption. 
 
 46. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. 
 
 From the same subjectas No. 17. 
 
 47. Small Intestine, — showing deposition of tubercles under 
 
 its peritoneal coat. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Calvert, 
 Assistant hispector of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 48. Enlarged Mesentjeric glands. — History unattainable. 
 
 49. Exhibits tubercular deposition in the Peritoneum. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
82 DIGESTION. 
 
 . From the same subject as No. 47. Class I. J^esjjira- 
 tion. Division III. 
 
 .^)0. Tubercular deposition in the Peritoneum, in a more ad- 
 vanced stage than the preceding. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the last preparation. 
 
 51. The peritoneal surface of the small Intestines adherent, 
 
 and studded with tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Cowan, 42nd Regiment, aet. 39, admitted 
 with Ascites, of which he died. 
 
 52. Mass of Mesenteric glands enormously enlarged, and con- 
 
 verted into caseous matter. — Gibraltar. — Presented by 
 Mr. Fraser, Assistajit Surgeoji to the Forces. 
 
 In this case death took place from marasmal wasting. 
 
 53. Portion of small Intestine, about seven inches in length, 
 
 voided per anum ; the muscular fibres of the gut dis- 
 tinctly visible. — Madras. — Presentedby Mr. Job, Sur- 
 geon, 13th Light Dragoons. 
 
 From John Seary, 13th Light Dragoons, who per- 
 fectly recovered, and passed through tiie Invalid Depot, 
 at Fort Pitt, some years afterwards. 
 
 54. Ileum, — exhibiting puckering of its mucous tunic, and co- 
 
 pious depositionof lymph. The projections of the mucous 
 membrane simulate the valvulae conniventes of the je- 
 junum. The prepared part is taken from near the ter- 
 mination of the small Intestine. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 57. Class I. Respira- 
 tion. Division III. 
 
 55. Ileum, — exhibiting its vessels highly injected by inflam- 
 
 mation. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Locke, 13th Light Dragoons, eet. 30, 
 who died of pulmonary Consumption, diarrhoea, and 
 hectic fever having set in a short time previous to death. 
 The mucous tunic of the small Intestine, on examination, 
 was observed to be extremely vascular ; the Peritoneum 
 quite white, and healthy. 
 
 56. Portion of Jejunum, — exhibiting thickening and mortifi- 
 
 cation of its coats. — London. — Presented by Mr. Titus 
 Berry, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a man who died, at the age of 25, of Ascites. 
 The pyloric end of the Stomach was much thickened. 
 
 57. Ileum,— exhibiting corrugation of the inner tunic, copious 
 
DIVISION III. 83 
 
 deposit of highly vascular lymph, and ulcerations of old 
 date, the bases of which are studded with miliary tu- 
 bercles. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 
 list Res.iment. 
 
 From a young man, who had long been affected with 
 tubercular Phthisis, and was ultimately exhausted by a 
 violent attack of diarrhoea. 
 
 58. Ileum, — exhibiting turgescence, and dilatation of its blood- 
 
 vessels. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From a young woman, viho died of an acute attack of 
 Enteritis. The highly inflammatory appearance pre- 
 sented in the preparation pervaded the whole of the 
 Ileum, and greater part of the Jejunum. 
 
 59. Ileum, — exhibiting thickening of its coats, and enlarge- 
 
 ment, with incipient ulceration, of the mucous follicles. 
 — Presented by the same. 
 
 From a young woman, who was affected with organic 
 lesion of the Heart, and ultimately died of Ascites. 
 
 60. Exhibits agglutination of the convolutions of the small In- 
 
 testines, with tubercular accretions beneath the Perito- 
 neum. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as Nos. 61 and 62. Class I. 
 Respiration. Division III. ; as well as Nos. 28, 29, and 
 30. Class III. Sensation. Division I. 
 
 61. Convolutions of small Intestine matted together by a thick 
 
 adventitious layer on the serous surface of the Perito- 
 neum, and by the deposition of large fleshy masses. — 
 London. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver, Assistatit Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 From a middle-aged woman, who had dropsy of both 
 Ovaria, and tubercular disease of the Lungs. 
 
 62. Exhibits ulcerations, the bases of which are studded with 
 
 small caseous tubercles, in the mucous tunic of the 
 Ileum ; their margins highly vascular and villous. The 
 preparation has been minutely injected, and affords a 
 good example of exaggerated vascularity by the inflam- 
 matory process. The tubercular accretions elevate the 
 Peritoneum immediately opposite the ulcers of the mu- 
 cous tunic. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From a middle-aged woman, who died of Phthisis. 
 The night sweats, which had been very copious five 
 weeks previous to dissolution, ceased at that time, and 
 
Si DIGESTION. 
 
 a distressing diorrhoja supervened. She had also been 
 affected with scrofulous disease of the knee-joint, in 
 consequence of which the limb had been amputated. 
 After death, the Lungs exhibited every stage of tuber- 
 cular deposit. The mucous tunic of the Ileum and 
 Cascum was much inflamed, and ulcerated. 
 
 G3. Exhibits ulcers in the mucous tunic of the Ileum, the sur- 
 rounding membrane being in a perfectly natural state. 
 The preparation is injected. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From tlie same subject as No. 59. Class I. Rcspira- 
 tion. Division III. 
 
 64. Portion of small Intestine, — exhibiting ulceration, and the 
 
 highest vascularity of the mucous membrane. This pre- 
 paration presents myriads of anastomes, the result of 
 minute and successful injection. The gut is most vas- 
 cular in the situation of the ulcers. — Presented h\j Mr. 
 Gulliver, Assistant Surgcoji, 71st Regiment. 
 
 65. Injected ulcers of the mucous membrane of the Ileum. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 58. Class I. Respira- 
 tion. Division III. 
 
 66. Another specimen of injected ulcers of the mucous mem- 
 
 brane of the Ileum. The margins of the ulcerations ex- 
 hibit small ecchymoses, but tlieir bases are totally de- 
 stitute of vascularity. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 &J. Portion of small Intestine injected, to exhibit two well- 
 defined ulcers of the mucous tunic, with much general 
 vascularity. — Ibid. 
 
 From a young man, who died phthisical. 
 
 68. Ulcerationof the mucous lining of the Ileum. The ulcer 
 is surrounded by a higher degree of vascularity than 
 the rest of the gut, but the basis of the lesion aifords 
 scarcely any red vessels from the injection. — Presented 
 by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgcoji, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
 From James Lee, who was admitted into hospital 
 moribund of Phthisis, from which he had been a sufferer 
 for eighteen months. After death, the left Lung was 
 found tuberculated and excavated, and the bronchial 
 tubes contained much muco-purulent matter. The pe- 
 ricardium was thickened, and contained about three 
 pints of turbid, ilaky 11 aid ; its serous surface was, 
 moreover, abundantly coated with lymph. 
 
DIVISION III. 85 
 
 69. Portion of Ileum,— exhibiting a largo ulcer of its mucous 
 
 tunic; the basis of the lesion formed by abundant tu- 
 bercular matter, which elevates the serous tunic of the 
 gut in a granular form. The preparation is minutely 
 injected, and exhibits a high degree of vascularity ; but 
 none of the colouring matter of the injection has entered 
 the tubercular substance. — Fmi Pitt. 
 
 From a middle-aged subject, who died of Phthisis, 
 and was affected with diarrhoea for six weeks prior to 
 his dissolution. 
 
 70. Presents a small ulcer of the (injected) lining tunic of the 
 
 Jejunum. — Ibid. 
 
 The effect of tubercular degeneration : from the same 
 subject as No. 5Q. Class I. liespiratioji. Division III. 
 
 71. Incipient ulceration of the mucous membrane of the Ileum: 
 
 the preparation is highly injected, and the mucous tunic 
 is excessively vascular round the ulcers. — Chatham. — 
 Presented by Mr. Gullivc?-, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Re- 
 giment, 
 
 From a young female, who died of Phthisis pulnio- 
 nalis. 
 
 72. Injected portion of Ileum, presenting ulcers of the inner 
 
 membrane. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 73. Highly injected portion of Ileum, exhibiting ulcers on the 
 
 mucous tunic. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the two preceding prepa- 
 rations. 
 
 71. Gun-shot wound of small Intestine, terminating in arti- 
 ficial anus. — Ionian Islands. — Presented by Mr. Roe, 
 Surgeon, 2Sth Regiment. 
 
 From a sailor, who was wounded in the act of rowing 
 towards the enemy. The ball entered on the left side 
 below the ribs, wounded the Intestine, which here pro- 
 trudes, and passed out through the second false rib of 
 the same side. The bowel was impervious below the 
 wound, but healthy above : a quill is inserted into the 
 upper part. The tbces were voided through the wound. 
 
 75. Ileum, — perforated by the inflammatory process termina- 
 ting in sphacelus of that spot. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. 
 Lindsay, Surgeon, 1 8th Regiment. 
 
 Taken from a Serjeant of that Corps, aged 31 years, 
 who died of Enteritis in tliirty-seven hours. 
 
86 DIGESTION. 
 
 76. Portion of Jejunum, with well-marked stricture. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant Carnagie, set. 37, 1st Regiment, who 
 had suffered from ague. He was received into hospital 
 with obscure disease. He had pains in the limbs, and 
 constipated bowels; his tongue was foul and dry, his 
 stomach rejected medicine, and there were symptoms of 
 low fever. Two days after admission, he passed two 
 evacuations: on the third day he vomited a dark fluid, 
 having a gelatinous appearance; on the seventh, his 
 bowels again acted, after the exhibition of Croton oil, 
 and enemata. The fever continuing, he had pain in the 
 scrobiculus cordis, hiccough, hollow and anxious coun- 
 tenance, and a daily evacuation per anum : the day pre- 
 vious to his death (which took place on the thirteenth 
 day), the pain and singultus disappeared, and the pulse 
 beat only thirty-six times per minute. On dissection, 
 the Jejunum, about six inches from its commencement, 
 was Ibund suddenly much contracted ; and when laid 
 open, a considerable stricture was discovered, without 
 any ulceration, or other disease, in the neighbouring part 
 of the gut. The mucous membrane at the ilio-caecal 
 valve was morbidly vascular. The stricture was, appa- 
 rently, the result of chronic inflammation. 
 
 77- Presents another example of stricture of the Jejunum. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. This stric- 
 ture was found a foot further down the course of the gut, 
 and had lessened its calibre even more than the first: 
 its character was the same : nothing from above could 
 be made to pass without forcible pressure by the hand. 
 
 78. Gun-shot wounds of the small Intestine and Mesentery; 
 
 the former wounded in three places, the latter in one. — 
 Cape of Good Hope. — Presented by Mr. Tighe, Assistant 
 Surgeon, loth Kegiment. 
 
 From John Robinson, 75th Regiment, who committed 
 suicide, by placing the muzzle of his musket at the left 
 side of the umbilicus, and firing it in that position. The 
 ball, entering at this spot, made its exit near the pos- 
 terior spinous process of the Ileum, fracturing that bone. 
 He lived twenty-four hours after the accident. 
 
 79. The tubercular degeneration, which precedes ulceration 
 
 in Phthisis jnilmonalis. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient lioin whom this preparation was taken 
 
DIVISION III. 87 
 
 died from Empyema. On dissection, tubercles were de- 
 tected ill both Lungs, and vomicaa in the left. There 
 were many tubercular depositions in the site of the Glan- 
 dulae aggregatae, which, at some parts, had advanced to 
 ulceration. 
 
 80. Specimen of Tape-worm. — Ibid. 
 
 It was passed per anum. 
 
 81. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting spongiform elevations from 
 
 its inner coat, and a circular spot, at which all the tunics 
 are deficient, except the peritoneal. — Malta. — Presented 
 hx) Dr. Davi/, Assistant Inspector (f Hospitals. 
 
 From an Officer, aet. 25, who died of fever of the re- 
 mittent type. 
 
 82. Omentum, — exhibiting minute tubercles. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 
 sented by the same. — History unattainable. 
 
 83. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting very abundant deposition of 
 
 tubercles, which, at some parts, have degenerated into 
 large, and prominent vXcevs.—Ibid. — Presented by Dr. 
 White, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From John Fairish, 95th Regiment, who died of con- 
 tinued fever. 
 
 84. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting perforation of all its tunics. 
 
 — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, 80th 
 Regiment. 
 
 From the body of Thomas Allen, 80th Regiment. 
 
 85. Another specimen of the same lesion of the Intestine. — 
 
 Ibid. — From Dr. Mahony, Sicrgeon, 1th Fusileers. — His- 
 tory iinattainable. 
 
 '^, Another specimen of similar lesion. — Ibid. — Presented by 
 Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, SOth Regiment. 
 
 From a patient labouring under fever, in whom death 
 ensued from peritoneal inflammation. 
 
 87. Small Intestine, — with a ruptured opening. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. IVhyte, Surgeon, 69th Regiment. 
 
 From Serjeant John Carr, of that Corps, who had an 
 inguinal hernia of the right side, in the neighbourhood 
 of which the laceration was discovered. It was produced 
 by a fall. 
 
 88. Small Intestine intus-suscepted.— ikff/Z^fa. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, SOtk Regiment. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
88 DIGESTION. 
 
 89. Exhibits great enlargement of the Mesenteric glands. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Joseph Sibley, 15th Regiment, aet. 23, who, 
 having suffered for some time from stomach and bowel 
 complaints, subsequently became affected with tumid ab- 
 domen, and oedematous feet. He died rather suddenly. 
 On dissection, there was found in the abdominal cavity 
 about a quart of straw-coloured serum ; the mucous 
 lining of the small Intestines was much ulcerated ; the 
 mesenteric glands were greatly enlarged ; and there was 
 tubercular deposit in both Lungs. 
 
 90. Intus-susception of a portion of small Intestine. — Presented 
 
 by Mr. Step/mison, 89th EegimcJit. 
 
 From the body of M'Donald, of that Corps, 
 
 aet. 22. Two other portions of Intestine were in a si- 
 milar state. 
 
 91. Tubercular affection of the Peritoneum, the Omentum 
 
 being the part principally involved in the disease. — Ca?i- 
 terhury. — Presented hy Dr. Blake, Surgeon, 1th Dragoon 
 Gna7'ds. 
 
 From Serjeant Major James Gouley, of that Corps, 
 set. 37. He first complained of a painful sensation of 
 weight in the situation of the Spleen, which he attributed 
 to riding, followed by nausea, and symptoms of dysen- 
 tery. Some time afterwards costiveness ensued, and he 
 continued to feel uneasiness in the left hypochondrium, 
 the abdomen being considerably enlarged. He ejected 
 matter from the stomach, which, at last, assumed the 
 appearance of black vomit ; and died in about six months 
 from the commencement of the disease, with symptoms 
 of pressure on the Brain. On post mortem examination, 
 about two gallons of serum were found in the abdomen; 
 the peritoneum generally was involved in the tubercular 
 formation, of which an example is given in the prepara- 
 tion. The mass preserved was chiefly connected with 
 the Omentum, the Stomach, and part of the Colon, being 
 seen above it. 
 
 92. Portion of Duodenum, and common Bile-duct, the latter 
 
 obstructed by calculi. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 88. Division IV. 
 
 93. Presents Intus-susception of a portion of small Intestine. 
 
 —Bengal. — Presented by Dr. Burke, Inspector General 
 uj Hospitals.— History unattainable. 
 
DIVISION III. 89 
 
 94 Exhibits oblique inguinal Hernia of the right side, the 
 contents of the sac consisting of Omentum only. A large 
 portion may be seen passing thrc ugh the abdominal ring. 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Frederick Field, aet. 23, 20th Regiment, a pa- 
 tient in the Lunatic Asylum. 
 
 95. Portion of Ileum,— exhibiting at one part a large, deep 
 
 ulcer, of somewhat circular form, with raised edges ; at 
 another, a considerable elevated ulcer of an oval form, 
 in the situation of the Glandulee aggregates. — Ibid. 
 
 From Samuel King, 96th Regiment, set. 23, who was 
 attacked with continued fever, which degenerated into 
 typhus, attended with delirium, small pulse, brown tongue, 
 fetid stools, and prostration of strength ; lastly, by invo- 
 luntary passage of urine and fasces, coma, and death, 
 which took j)lace in a month from the commencement 
 of the disease. 
 
 96. Portion of Ileum near the ileo-colic valve, showing exten- 
 
 sive ulceration, with perforation through all its coats: at 
 the lower part is another well-defined ulcer of a brown 
 appearance. — Ibid. 
 
 From Robert Florphley, 63rd Regiment, act. 21, ad- 
 mitted with continued fever, which soon assumed a ty- 
 phoid form, and proved fatal on the ninth day. On dis- 
 section, it was discovered that faeces had escaped into 
 the abdominal cavity ; and there was some redness in 
 the convolutions of the Intestines. The mucous mem- 
 brane of the small Intestines exhibited several ulcers 
 similar to those preserved. 
 
 97. Great prominence and slight ulceration of two patches of 
 
 the ulandula3 aggregatse, with the same state of some 
 of the Glandular solitariee. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Jarris, 17th Regiment, aet. 19, admitted 
 with head-ache, diarrhoea, heat of skin, thirst, and loss 
 of appetite. In six or seven days, the symptoms assumed 
 a typhoid type, attended by a relaxed state of bowels, 
 prostration of strength, delirium, and coma. The case 
 terminated in tleath at the end of twenty-six days. On 
 opening the abdomen, the greater part of the Ileum was 
 found in the state displayed in the preparation; no dis- 
 ease of the Brain, or other part, was demonstrable. 
 
 98. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting a small ulcer, which had 
 
 penetrated its coats ; on the opposite peritoneal tunic is 
 
90 DIGESTION. 
 
 a deposit of lymph, probably thrown out to prevent the 
 consequences of perforation. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Temple, 53r(l Regiment, aet. 30. He 
 was two months in hospital in a low state, chiefly in- 
 duced by an obstinate diarrhcra : he had also occasional 
 discharge of bloody coagula from the nose, and pain in 
 the site'of the frontal sinuses. He ultimately sunk under 
 the continuance of the diarrhoea, and died in a state of 
 extreme atrophy. On post mortem examination, many 
 ulcers were found in the small Intestines; tubercular 
 matter existed in both Lungs, the apex of the left being 
 somewhat excavated ; and the cartilaginous septum of 
 the nose was destroyed. The whole outer surface of the 
 calvarium was also covered with honey-comb ulceration. 
 (Vide Class II. Secretio7i. Division II. No. 27. and 
 Class III. Locomotion. Division I. No. 148.) 
 
 99. Portion of Intestine passed per anum. — Madras. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Strachan^ Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 From Thomas Rickmore, 13th Light Dragoons. 
 
 100. Portion of Ileum, — exhibiting great prominence of the 
 
 Glandulaa solitariae and aggregata?, with some ulcera- 
 tion, particularly of the latter.— Fo/t! Pitt.— History 
 unattainable. 
 
 101. A similar preparation.— /(^zV/.—H/s/orz/ unattainable. 
 
 102. Portion of Omentum,— exhibiting tubercles of consider- 
 
 able size.— Malta. — Presented by Surgeon Fiddes, 85th 
 Iiegime7it. 
 From a soldier of that Corps. 
 
 103. Portion of Ileum,— showing granules of lymph on its in- 
 
 ternal smhce.— Ibid.— Presented by Dr. Davy, AssistaJit 
 Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from the body of a man, who died of confluent 
 small-pox. 
 
 104. Exhibits the same phenomenon.— 76/V/. — Presented by 
 
 the same. 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 105. Portion of the upper part of the Jejunum,— presenting 
 
 vAcevAVion.— Ibid.— Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, 
 Rifle Brigade. 
 'raken from the body of a soldier of that Corps. 
 
 106. Portion of Ileum at its junction with the caput Cicci, 
 
DIVISION III. 91 
 
 — exhibiting tubercular deposit in a granular form. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From James Barnett, T^th Regiment, who, having 
 been long subject to chronic dysentery, was admitted 
 in a state of extreme exhaustion, affected with Erysi- 
 pelas of the right arm, and consequent gangrene; under 
 which maladies he sunk in a few days. On dissection, 
 besides the sphacelated condition of the upper extre- 
 mity, the Lungs were found to contain miliary tuber- 
 cles; the Liver was larger than natural, granular, and 
 pale. There were, at some parts of the Ileum, patches 
 of tubercular deposit, and, at its junction with the Cee- 
 cum, the whole Intestine was in the condition exhibited 
 in the preparation. 
 
 107. Portion of Ileum, presenting deposition of lymph in a 
 
 granular form, on the external surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Foreman, 96th Regiment, jet. 20. On 
 dissection, the peritoneal coat of the Intestines was found 
 covered with the secretion of which the preparation af- 
 fords an example, and adherent, in some parts, to the 
 parietes of the abdomen. 
 
 108. Calcareous deposition taken from the Mesentery. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Mulcahy, get. 32, Staff Corps, a maniac, 
 inclined to violence, and in confinement for the last six 
 years of his lite. He died of disease of the Lungs. 
 
 109. Specimen of Tania lata, eighteen feet in length. — Fre- 
 
 land. — Presented by Mr. Cavet^ Assistant SurgeoJi, 97th 
 Iiegime7it. 
 
 This worm was expelled from the Intestines of a sol- 
 dier of the 97th Regiment, who had been in the habit 
 of passing joints of the same for more than two years. 
 The six yards forming the preparation, and several 
 joints, were passed after taking six drachms of Oleum 
 Terebinthinte. 
 
 110. Portion of Ileum, with Diverticulum, — exhibiting ulcers 
 
 on itsmucous coat. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. O'Brien, 
 AssistaJit Surgeon^ 7th Fusileers. 
 
 From a soldier of that Regiment, who died of Phthisis 
 pulmonalis. Previous to death, ulceration appears to 
 have taken place both in the large and small Intestines. 
 
 111. Ileum, — exhibiting general thickening, and abrasion of 
 
92 DIGESTION, 
 
 its inner coat. — Malta. — Presented hi) Mr. Fiddes, Sur- 
 geon, 85th Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment, who died of a 
 bowel complaint. On examination, the whole intestinal 
 canal was found in a state of disease. 
 
 112. A Diverticulum \\e\.—Fort Pitt. 
 
 113. Shows the manner in which the Peritoneum forms the 
 
 sac of a Hernia: at the posterior part is the Appendix 
 vermiformis, of unusual breadth, but not more than 
 half the usual length. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davi/, 
 ylssi slant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Taken from a Maltese, 98 years of age, who died of 
 Peritonitis. 
 
 Division IV.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 LARGE INTESTINES. 
 
 1 . Colon, — exhibiting ulceration, with elTasion of flocculent 
 
 lymph. — History unattainable. 
 
 2. The same, — with extreme thickening and puckering of the 
 
 inner coat. — History unattainable. 
 
 3. Portion of Colon, with ragged, irregular ulcerations scat- 
 
 tered over the inner surface. — Port Pitt. 
 
 From John Kenned, 8Gth Regiment, oot. 27, who was 
 atimitted, on arrival from India, with Scorbutus. Ten 
 days afterwards, symptoms of dysentery commenced. At 
 the same time he appears to have had pectoral disease, 
 as evinced by cough, and purulent expectoration. He 
 died in fifteen days. On dissection, the Lungs were found 
 tuberculated ; two pints of bloody ellusion were removed 
 from the chest ; the abdomen contained a quantity of si- 
 milar fluid ; and the large Intestines were ulcerated and 
 thickened. 
 
 4. Ulcerated Colon, — with copious eflusion of lymph, ragged 
 
 and flocculent, over its lining membi-ane. — Ibid. 
 
 From Daniel MiUTay, (JOth Uegiment, at. '1\), who, 
 being admitted into hcxspital labouring'under chronic <ly- 
 senlcrv, died on the fourth day. 
 
DIVISION IV. 93 
 
 5. Inner membrane of the Colon, — assuminjr a reticulated 
 appearance from ulceration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William M'Bean, 25th Regiment, act. 40, ad- 
 mitted with dysentery, contracted in the West Indies, 
 four months before. He died on the twelfth day after 
 admission. 
 
 G. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting irregular deposition of 
 lymph, and ulceration, wiiich, in one or two spots, has 
 perforated its coats.— Histo?y unattaiuahlc. 
 
 7. Caecum, and portion of Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. — 
 
 History unattaiuahlc. 
 
 8. Appendix Caeci, containing a Vermis lumbricus. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. — Historij iinattainahlc. 
 
 9. Rectum, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Connor, 25th Regiment, tet. 46, who 
 returned from the West Indies with dysentcria chronica. 
 He had served sixteen yeai's in that country, and, with 
 the exception of one attack of fever, had enjoyed good 
 health until overtaken by this fatal disease. 
 
 10. Colon, — exhibiting ulceration, 
 
 effusion of lymph. — Ibid. 
 
 From George M'Guire, 25th Regiment, aet. 45, ad- 
 mitted with dysentery, of four months standing. He 
 had served nine years in the West Indies, where he had 
 enjoyed good health, previous to contracting this ma- 
 lady. On admission, he was completely worn out, and 
 died after three days' treatment. 
 
 1 1. Rectum, — exhibiting ulceration and thickening of its inner 
 
 coat, in patches. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 12. Portion of Colon, — ulcerated and thickened. — Ibid. 
 
 From M'Dunn, 17th Light Dragoons, admitted 
 
 with a dysentery of six months' standing, contracted in 
 India. He lingered under this form of disease for six 
 months longer, before he died. After death, effusion was 
 found to have taken place between the membranes of the 
 Brain, and into the ventricles ; and the large Intestines 
 were in a state of ulceration, and much thickened. 
 
 14. Caecum, and a portion of Ileum, intus-suscepted into the 
 Colon. 
 
9'ii DIGESTION. 
 
 Taken from a child, fourteen months old, whose com- 
 plaint was not understood until after death. 
 
 15. Portion of ulcerated Colon. — Foii Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Beveling, at. 57, 30th Regiment. He 
 was admitted, on his arrival from India, with dysentery 
 of six months' duration, and died the same evening. 
 
 16. Granular ulceration and thickening of the Colon. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Phillips, 43rd Regiment, a^t. 24, ad- 
 mitted from Dover, where he had been under treatment 
 for scrofulous sores on the scalp and sternum for the 
 previous thirteen months. These followed a fevei'. He 
 was attacked with a bowel complaint in hospital, and 
 soon died. 
 
 17. Rectum, — exhibiting a reticulated appearance, and wart- 
 
 like excrescences. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Scott, 5th Regiment, ast. 35, admitted, 
 on his arrival from the West Indies, with chronic dysen- 
 tery, and Phthisis. He died, after lingering in hospital 
 for ten months. After death, the Lungs were found tu- 
 berculated, and the Intestines ulcerated. 
 
 18. Ulcer in the Caecum, — communicating with a scrofulous 
 
 abscess in the right iliac muscle.— iZ*/^. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 19. Portion of Colon, — extensively ulcerated. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 20. Caecum, and a considerable portion of Ileum, intus-sus- 
 
 cepted into the Colon: the Ceecum is situated within. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Robert Reilly, 59th Regiment, at. 22. Being 
 under orders for embarkation for India, it was at first 
 supposed that his complaints were unreal. They con- 
 sisted of diarrhoea, at times sanguinolent, flatulence, and 
 acidity of stomach; which symptoms continued until his 
 death. (Vide Painting No.*^3.) 
 
 21. Cfficum and Ileum, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Dunn, 53rd Regiment, a^t. 40, admitted 
 into hospital, on arrival from India, with diseased knee- 
 joint, which was removed by operation. The patient 
 died four months afterwards. On examination post 
 mortem, the Lungs and Intestines were found much dis- 
 eased. (Vide Class III. Locomotion. Division II. No. 8.) 
 
DIVISION IV. 95 
 
 22. Portion of Colon, — thickened and ulcerated. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Peter Madden, 25th Regiment, aet. 48, admitted 
 with cough and purulent expectoration, accompanied by 
 diarrhoea. He stated that he had been affected with 
 dysentery eighteen months before, and, on recovery, was 
 attacked with pectoral complaints. He died after four 
 months' treatment. On dissection, the Heart was found 
 of diminutive size; the Lungs tulaerculated ; the Intes- 
 tines ulcerated. 
 
 23. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting fleshy excrescences on its 
 
 internal surface. — History unattainable. 
 
 24. Arch of the Colon, — exhibiting the opening of an hepatic 
 
 abscess into that gut. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Cahill, who was treated, three months 
 before his arrival from Gibraltar, for chronic Hepatitis, 
 which becoming worse, he was invalided, and landed at 
 Fort Pitt moribund. On examination, the Liver was 
 found to adhere to the diaphragm ; a large abscess, ca- 
 pable of containing a pint of matter, existed in its right 
 lobe, and communicated with the corresponding angle 
 of the Colon, into which it emptied its contents : the 
 viscus was very heavy, and of a yellow colour. (Vide 
 Secretion. Division \\. No. 42.) 
 
 25. Portion of ulcerated Colon. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Aspinelle, 59th Regiment, admitted, 
 on arrival from India, moribund from chronic dysentery 
 of two years standing. 
 
 26. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and sloughing. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 27. Rectum,— presenting ulceration of its lining membrane. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 28. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and thickening. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Edward Humble, 25th Regiment, admitted, 
 labouring under chronic dysentery and Phthisis; the 
 former of two years standing, in the West Indies; the 
 latter from exposure to cold after his arrival in England. 
 He died in three weeks. The large Intestines were found 
 diseased as above described, and the Lungs were tuber- 
 culated. 
 
 29. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting marks of old ulcers, wart- 
 
 like excrescences, and a reticulated appearance. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as No. 17. 
 
96 DIGESTfON. 
 
 30. Portion of Colon, — thickened and ulcerated. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Oswald, 60th llcgiment, a^t. 24-, received 
 into hospital moribund. His comrade stated that he had 
 been affected with severe diarrhoea for three weeks. 
 
 31. Extensive and irregular ulceration of the Colon. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 4. Division III. 
 
 32. Rectum and Colon,— exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From a patient who died of dysentery, contracted in 
 the West Indies. 
 
 33. Portion of Colon, and caput Cneci, exhibiting ulceration. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From John Dvvyer, 24-th Dragoons, oet. 52, admitted, 
 on arrival from India, where he had served twenty- four 
 years in the enjoyment of good health. At sea, two 
 months after leaving that country, he was attacked with 
 dysentery, which became more aggravated to the period 
 of his admission, at which time he was harassed with 
 constant evacuations of a pale ash colour, slimy, and 
 sometimes tinged with blood. He died two days after 
 his reception into hospital. 
 
 34. Portion of large Intestine, — exhibiting ulceration and 
 
 thickening. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient died of dysentery of six months' duration, 
 contracted in the West Indies. 
 
 35. Cajcum, — with sloughing and thickening. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of dysentery, of eight weeks' 
 duration. 
 
 36. Portion of ulcerated Colon, — the ulcers small, and in clus- 
 
 ters. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 37. Colon, — exhibiting thickening, fleshy tubercles, and ulce- 
 
 ration. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 38. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Richmond, 24-th Dragoons, act. 29, 
 admitted on arrival from India, wheie he had served ten 
 years. Latterly he was subject to rheumatism, and, on 
 his passage home, was attacked with dysentery. He 
 died after having been ten weeks under treatment. On 
 dissection, there was a great deal of morl)id degenera- 
 tion in tiie bones ; the Lungs were tuberculated ; and 
 the Colon thickened and ulcerated. 
 
DIVISION IV. 97 
 
 39. Colon, — thickened, ulcerated, and partly gangrenous. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 22. Division III. 
 
 40. A duplicate of No. 39. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 41. Colon, — exhibiting ulcers spread over its inner tunic. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 42. Lower part of the Colon, and part of the Rectum, — pre- 
 
 senting ulceration and sloughing. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who died, at the end of nine weeks, of 
 dysentery. 
 
 43. Portion of Rectum, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 44. Caecum, — exhibiting ulceration and sloughing. — Ibid. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 45. Portion of Colon, showing abrasion, and effusion of lymph 
 
 on its inner surface. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 46. Another specimen of the same lesion. — Ibid. — History un- 
 
 attainable. 
 
 47. Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and thickening of its mu- 
 
 cous lining. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of dysentery, contracted in 
 the West Indies, after six months' illness. 
 
 48. Portion of Colon and Rectum, — showing thickening and 
 
 ulceration of the mucous tunic. — Ibid. 
 
 The patient died of chronic dysentery. After death, 
 effusion was found to have taken place between the 
 arachnoid and pia mater. 
 
 49. Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and tubercles. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 50. Portion of Colon, with ulceration and thickening. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Singleton, who died of dysentery, with 
 which he had been attacked two years previously, in 
 India. Besides the disease of the large Intestines, abun- 
 dant deposition of fatty matter was found in the abdo- 
 men, and on the Heart. 
 
 51. Sigmoid flexure of the Colon, — with a fatty tumour at- 
 
 tached to it. — Ibid. 
 
 From George Collins, 5th Regiment, set. 30. He was 
 
 H 
 
98 DIGESTION'. 
 
 admitted in the last stage of Phthisis, and died in four 
 weeks. On dissection, tubercnlui" degeneration of the 
 Lungs was apparent. 
 
 52. Portion of large Intestines, — exhibiting sloughing phage- 
 
 dienii.— Corfu. — Presented hxj Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 From an invalid, who was attacked with vomiting and 
 purging on his return from India. The symptoms con- 
 tinued tor five months, when the disease terminated fa- 
 tally. On examination, the Stomach was contracted, 
 with patches of inflammaiion on its mucous lining, and 
 contained some bile. The Liver was granular, easily 
 lacerated, and of a pale colour; the gall-bladder small, 
 and inclosing some vitiated bile ; the large Intestines 
 sloughy and ulcerated, particularl}'^ at the sigmoid flexure 
 of the Colon. 
 
 53. Another example of the same intestinal lesion. — Ibid. — 
 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 54. Portion of ulcerated Colon ; the ulcers resembling those 
 
 of small-pox. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Samuel Aughters, 15th Regiment, cet. 41, ad- 
 mitted with Hepatitis chronica, which he had brought 
 with him from Ceylon. He died after a fortnight's treat- 
 ment. On dissection, a large abscess was found in the 
 Brain, communicating with the ventricles; eifusion had 
 taken place into the parenchyma of the Lungs; a large 
 abscess was detected in the Liver; and the great Intes- 
 tines were ulcerated, as above described. 
 
 55. Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and sloughing. — Ionian Is- 
 
 lands. — Presented by Mr. O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, 
 ISth Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of acute dysentery. After 
 death, the Liver was found tuberculated, and the large 
 Intestines as shown in the preparation. 
 
 56. Colon, — exhibiting ulceration. — History unattainable. 
 
 h"]. Caecum and Colon, — presenting ulceration and thickening. 
 —Port Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Shanahan, 30th Regiment, who died of 
 pulmonary consumption. 
 
 58. Colon, — exhibiting ulcers, and thickening of the inner 
 tunic. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of chronic dysentery. 
 
DIVISION IV. 99 
 
 59. Colon, — mucli thickened, and exhibiting ulceration tli rough 
 
 all its coats. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Leonard Cheveny, 60th Regiment, set. 36, ad- 
 mitted, on arrival from the West Indies, labouring under 
 chronic d3'sentery. He had an attack of Hepatitis while 
 in hospital, which hastened his death. 
 
 60. Colon and Rectum, ulcerated. — Ibid. — History unattain- 
 
 able. 
 
 61. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting abrasion, and effusion of 
 
 lymph on the mucous coat, with thickening. — Ibid. 
 
 From William M'Laughlin, 67th Regiment, who la- 
 boured under acute dysenteiy, attended with typhoid 
 symptoms from the beginning, for twelve days, when, 
 notwithstanding very active treatment, he died. On ex- 
 amination after death, the large Intestines alone appeared 
 at all disorganized, and chiefly towards their lower part, 
 from whence the preparation was obtained. 
 
 62. Colon, — presenting extensive ulceration internall}'. — Corfu. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Dowse, Assistant Surgeon, S8 fh Re- 
 giment. — History unattainable. 
 
 63. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting ulceration, and petechial 
 
 spots under the mucous tunic. — Ibid. — Presented by Dr. 
 Mahony, Surgeon, 1th Fusileers. 
 A sequela of remittent fever. 
 
 64. Portion of sigmoid flexure of the Colon, — exhibiting in- 
 
 flammation and abrasion of the mucous tunic, with effused 
 lymph, in a state of partial slough. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Walsh, 63rd Regiment, admitted with 
 ulcers on the legs, on the cicatrization of which he was 
 attacked with biliary derangement and dropsy, attended, 
 in a few days, with delirium, coma, and death. During 
 the course of the disease he never made any complaint 
 bearing on the intestinal disorganization. 
 
 65. Ulceration of the Colon. — Corfu. — Presented by Dr. Ma- 
 
 kony. Surgeon, lih Fusileers. 
 
 This lesion succeeded to remittent fever, and is pro- 
 bably from the same subject as No. 63. 
 
 6Q. Lining membrane of the Colon, — thickened, and univer- 
 sally covered by granular ulceration. — Presented by 
 Dr. Hennen, Deputy Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From Thomas Hartwell, admitted with fever. On the 
 H 2 
 
100 DIGESTION. 
 
 fourth day he complained of pain in the abdomen, and 
 on the fifth passed bloody dejections : tliese symptoms 
 continued to his death, which did not take place until 
 the twenty-seventh day. 
 
 6/. Ulcerated Rectum, — with lymph effused. — Malta. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Calvert, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From a soldier, who having liad diarrhoea for sixty- 
 five days, and Hepatitis, died from the bursting of an 
 abscess in the Liver, and the effusion of three pints of 
 matter into the abdominal cavity. 
 
 68. Sigmoid flexure of the Colon, — exhibiting ulceration and 
 
 sloughing of its mucous membrane. — Ibid. — Presented 
 by the same. 
 
 From P. H. Condovor, set. 28, 85th Regiment, who 
 died of a diarrhoea, of fourteen days' duration. 
 
 69. Ulceration of the Colon. — CajK' of Good Hope. — Presented 
 
 by Assistajit Surgeon Hamilton. 
 
 From Robert Graham, who, being affected with dys- 
 entery, died after an illness of sixty-four days. 
 
 70. Large Intestine, — showing abrasion of its mucous mem- 
 
 brane, and effusion of lymph. — Fort Pitt. 
 From a patient who died of acute dysentery. 
 
 71. Another specimen of the same lesion. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 72. Exhibits ulceration of the Co\o\\.— Ibid. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 73. Portion of Intestine, — inflamed, granular, and covered with 
 
 lymph : this preparation, in conjunction with the three 
 following, illustrate the lymph in different stages of vas- 
 cularity. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Pitt, 40th Regiment, a^t. 23, admitted 
 with symptoms of fever, followed b}"^ acute rheumatism, 
 which continued until five days before his death, when, 
 in addition, and without any assignable cause, he was 
 attacked with acute dysentery, as evinced by tormina, 
 tenesmus, and frequent dejections of blood and mucus, 
 and sunk under this complication of maladies. (Vide 
 Class I. Circulation. Division 11. No. 39.) 
 
 74. Portion of large Intestine, — illustrative of the same points 
 
 as the preceding. — Ibid. 
 From the same cadaver. 
 
DIVISION IV. 101 
 
 75. The subject continued. — Fort Pitt, 
 
 Taken from the same. 
 
 76. Portion of large and small Intestine, — exhibiting a still 
 
 more advanced stage of effusion, and organization of 
 lymph. — Ibid. 
 From the same. 
 
 77. Caecum, and adjoining portion of Ileum : the mucous tunic 
 
 of the former is extensively sphacelated, so as to expose 
 the subjacent muscular fibres : an ulcerated aperture ex- 
 tends through the three coats of the large Intestine: in 
 the Ileum many patches of ulceration are exhibited. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From William Exell, a?t. 24, 6th Regiment, who was 
 admitted with acute Pneumonia, from which he was re- 
 covering, when he became suddenly affected with sym- 
 ptoms of dysentery, which increasing, and being attended 
 with prostration of strength, and nervous irritability, 
 proved fatal in eighteen days. On dissection, it was dis- 
 covered that the escape of the faeces into the abdomen 
 had been prevented by a recent adjustment of peritoneum 
 to the breach in the tunics of the caecum. 
 
 78. Large Intestine, — exhibiting two well-defined ulcerations 
 
 of the mucous tunic. The preparation is injected, and 
 exhibits the vascularity of the bases of the ulcers. — Pre- 
 sented bi/ Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, list Regiment. 
 From a child three years of age, who died of tuber- 
 cular consumption. 
 
 79. Rectum, — exhibiting an ulcer of the inner membrane at 
 
 the verge of the anus, minutely injected. — Presented by 
 the same. 
 
 From a female child, aet. 5\ years, who died of tuber- 
 cular consumption, and scrofula of the mesenteric and 
 other glands. 
 
 80. Portion of gastro-colic Omentum, — exhibiting a cartila- 
 
 ginous cyst, which contained scrofulous matter, attached 
 to the loose mdiVgm.— Portugal. — Presented by Mr. Ford, 
 Assistant Surgeon, llnd Regiment. 
 
 From John Rowlandson, 23rd Regiment, aet. 40, who 
 died of dysentery, supervening on fever, and assuming 
 a chronic form. 
 
 81. Large Intestine, — exhibiting thickening and irregular ul- 
 
 ceration of the mucous tunic, the remaining portions in 
 many places presenting the appearance of fleshy ver- 
 
102 DIGESTION". 
 
 riica3. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 
 list Regiment. 
 
 From a man of middle age, who died of chronic dys- 
 entery. 
 
 82. Portion of sigmoid flexure of Colon, — exhibiting effusion 
 
 of lymph on its serous surface, and ecchymosis between 
 the Peritoneum and muscular fibres. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Stinson, 59th Regiment, ast. 27, who 
 was three months under treatment for the ordinary 
 symptoms of pulmonary Phthisis, among which was 
 diarrhoea, attended, latterly, with some pain of abdomen. 
 After death, the Lungs were found consolidated by tu- 
 bercular infiltration ; the right pleural bag contained a 
 quart of fluid: the Peritoneum held half a gallon of wa- 
 ter; the whole of the abdominal viscera were aggluti- 
 nated; the mucous tunic of the Intestines was much in- 
 flamed and ulcerated ; and the Liver, which was large 
 and condensed, presented a tough cyst, containing hy- 
 datids. (Vide Secretion. Division IL No. 72.) 
 
 83. Ulcerated Caecum, — with unusually large excrescences 
 
 from the diseased mucous membrane. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Bond, 2nd Regiment, aet. 25, who had 
 been admitted for ulcers in the right leg, communicating 
 with the head of the Fibula. For many months previous 
 to death he was also affected with pain in the right tho- 
 rax, cough, muco-purulent expectoration, and occasional 
 diarrhoea. On inspection post mortem, the right Lung 
 was found loaded with tubercular matter, and a large 
 excavation was detected in its apex. The whole of the 
 mucous membrane of the Ileum was more or less ulce- 
 rated, particularly near the valve. 
 
 84. iSigmoid flexure of the Colon, — exhibiting great thickening 
 
 of its coats, with diminution of its calibre to such a de- 
 gree as only to admit a quill : the opening seen in the 
 preparation is a rupture of the Intestine, from its dis- 
 eased state, on removal. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Phillips, Newfoundland Veteran Com- 
 pany, aet. 35, who had been for some months affected 
 with bowel complaints. On dissection, the Caecum was 
 found greatly abraded ; the whole of the Colon similarly 
 diseased, and having fleshy granulations; and the flexure 
 particularly affected, as above described. 
 
 8.5. Portion of large Intestine, — with tlie mucous membrane 
 
DIVISION IV. 103 
 
 separating in large detached portions. — Malta. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Lighthody, Surgeon, SOt/i Regiinent. 
 
 Taken from a soldier who laboured under dysentery. 
 
 SQ. Portion of Colon,— exhibiting numerous sloughing ulcers. 
 — Ibid.— Presented hy Mr. Trigance, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 In this case death was occasioned from the escape of 
 faces into the abdominal cavity, through the intestinal 
 openings exhibited in the following preparation. 
 
 8/. Portions of Ccficum and Colon,— with numerous perfora- 
 tions in their coats. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 88. Transverse arch of the Colon,— exhibiting many vascular 
 rounded projections from its peritoneal surface. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Joseph Vise, Uth Regiment, aet. 40, an invalid 
 from India, who had suffered from hepatic disease and 
 dysentery, and, on the voyage home, from sea scurvy. 
 He was admitted in a state of extreme exhaustion, with 
 low delirium, and died on the fifth day. On inspection 
 post mortem, the body was of a saffron-colour, and co- 
 vered with petechia?; the Liver exhibited at various parts 
 small membranous cysts, containing a viscid fluid ; the 
 common bile-duct was much dilated, and obstructed by 
 two large calculi ; the whole of the mucous lining of the. 
 Intestines was of a dark colour, at some parts exhibiting 
 extreme congestion, at others ecchymosis. The vascu- 
 lar projections shown in the preparation appear to have 
 been the result of a yielding of the coats of the gut. 
 
 89. Portion of Colon,— exhibiting an ulcerated state of its in- 
 
 ternal surface, with vascular prominences. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 90. Portion of Colon,— exhibiting vast thickening of the coats 
 
 of the gut, its internal surface being very irregular, and, 
 at some parts, in a sloughy state. — Ibid. 
 
 From Philip Wesley, aet. 26, 14th Regiment, who 
 returned from India, after seven years' service, labour- 
 ing under chronic dysentery, which had lasted several 
 months, and made great inroads on his constitution. In 
 a day or two after admission he improved, but suddenly 
 relapsed, and, having suffered from purging, bloody 
 and mucoid stools, tenesmus, &c., died on the twentieth 
 day. 
 
104 DIGESTION. 
 
 91. Caecum, — exliibiting high vascularity, its internal coat in 
 
 a very irregular, and, in parts, sloughy state : a portion 
 of the adjoining small Intestine, which is quite healthy? 
 is also preserved. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 92. Portion of the inner coat of the Caput caecum Coli, — de- 
 
 tached by sloughing, and found in the Colon. — Malta. 
 — Presented by Mr. O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, 1th Fu- 
 sileers. 
 
 From a dysenteric patient. 
 
 93. Portion of the transverse arch of the Colon, — exhibiting 
 
 ulceration, and extensive separation of its inner coat. — 
 Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Fiddes, Surgeon, 85tk Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 94. Rectum, — exhibiting an enormous perforation of the pos- 
 
 terior part of its coats : part of the Bladder is also pre- 
 served. — Ibid.—Prese7ited by Mr. Smyth, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, H5th Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 7th Fusileers, who died of pe- 
 ritoneal inflammation, caused by a fall on the handle of 
 a broom, which, entering the anus, perforated the 
 Rectum, and made an opening into the cavity of the 
 abdomen. 
 
 95. Appendix vermiformis, with a portion of Caecum sepa- 
 
 rated by sloughing. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Marti7i, 
 Surgeon, 73rd Regiment. 
 
 The part prepared was found detached from the In- 
 testine, adhering only by the upper end of the appendix, 
 where it is connected with the Mesentery. 
 
 96. Portion of Omentum, — with thickened margin. — Ibid. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of that corps, who died of chronic 
 Dysentery. 
 
 97. Caecum, — very nmch contracted, and its inner surface ul- 
 
 cerated. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Sullivan, ■I'Gth Regiment, a maniac, 
 •t^i. 4-6, who died of a bowel complaint of very short du- 
 ration. On dissection, the surface of the dura mater 
 was found unusually vascular, and the choroid praeter- 
 naturally dry ; four ounces of fluid were also detected in 
 the ba.^e of the Brain. Both Lungs contained tubercu- 
 
DIVISION IV. 105 
 
 lar matter in considerable quantity. The Ileum and 
 Colon were ulcerated in many parts. 
 
 98. The Appendix vermiformis shorter than usual, and at- 
 
 tached to the lower part of the Ileum. — Malta. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Fiddes, Surgeo?i, S5th Regiincnt. 
 From a soldier, who died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 99. Portion of Colon and Rectum, — exhibiting extensive ulce- 
 
 ration, which at one spot perforates all the tunics. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From James Blackledge, 65th Regiment, a?t. 44, ad- 
 mitted, from the West Indies, in the last stage of de- 
 bility and emaciation, having served in that country 
 sixteen years, and, latterly, suffered from remittent 
 fever, of which this complaint was a sequela. The 
 symptoms were characteristic of diarrhoea rather than 
 dysentery, the dejections being to all appearance un- 
 mixed either with pus, or blood. After lingering a few 
 days, he sunk exhausted. On dissection, the abdominal 
 cavity was found to contain a quantity of sero-purulent 
 fluid. On the right side, the Colon adhered to the pa- 
 rietes at many parts, in attempting to separate which it 
 gave way : the transverse arch also adhered to the con- 
 vex surface of the Liver, at which spot there was an 
 ulcerated opening communicating with the substance of 
 the latter. 
 
 100. Portion of Colon, — exhibiting extensive ulceration. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 101. Caecum of very large size, with Appendix of unusual 
 
 length. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. Fiddes, Surgeon, 
 85fh Regi^nent. 
 
 From a soldier of that corps, who died of Pneu- 
 monia. 
 
 102. Presents extensive ulcerations of the Rectum, with per- 
 
 foration of all its coats at several points. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick M'Mahon, 49th Regiment, aet. 40, a 
 melancholic maniac, inclined to suicide. A month pre- 
 vious to death he began to show symptoms of dysen- 
 tery, which rapidly terminated in the mass of ulceration 
 exhibited in the preparation, and proved fatal. The 
 ulceration extended to the sigmoid flexure of the Colon, 
 and, more slightly, over the mucous lining of the small 
 Intesthies. 
 
106 SECRETION. 
 
 103. Scirrhus of the Ileo-colic valve, with ulceration of tlie 
 inner surfaces of the adjoining Ileum and Ceecum ; the 
 calibre of the gut diminished. — Ireland. — Presented hy 
 Mr. O' Halloraii^ Surgeon, 11 th Regiment. 
 
 From Robert Adams, 77th Regiment, set. 20, who 
 died of continued fever. 
 
 SECRETION. 
 
 Division I. — DISEASED STRUCTURE OF CON- 
 GLOMERATE GLANDS. 
 
 L Scirrhous Pancreas. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainaUe. 
 
 2. Pancreas, — exhibiting calcareous matter, and small ulcers. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattaina hie. 
 
 3. Portion of Pancreas, — exhibiting Melanosis. — Corfu. — 
 
 Presented, by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 From the same subject as No. 47- Class I. Circida- 
 tion. Division I. ; and 2 1. Division 2. Also Class II. 
 Secretion. Division II. No. 22. 
 
 Division IL— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF LIVER. 
 
 1. Liver, — exhibiting the cyst of an Abscess ; and weighing 
 eleven pounds. — York Hospital, Chelsea. 
 
 From Serjeant Rowell, 31st Regiment, set. 39, ad- 
 mitted with the following symptoms : pain of the chest 
 increased by full inspiration, cough and difficult breath- 
 ing, dull pain in the region of the Liver, increased by 
 pressure, and a bowel complaint of six months' standing. 
 All the above symptoms, except the last, became less 
 severe before dissolution, which took place in thirteen 
 days after admission. 
 
DIVISION II. 107 
 
 2. Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess, which communicates with 
 
 the Lung. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Nicholas Bonalvert, 60th Regiment, aet. 38, ad- 
 mitted, complaining of pain in the right hypochondriac 
 region, augmented on pressure, or deep inspiration. A 
 degree of fulness and induration was observable on ex- 
 amination of this part. He had been five years in the 
 West Indies, where he had suffered much from remit- 
 tent fever. He was carried off by an attack of dysentery. 
 
 3. Liver, — affected with tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Quinn, £et. 30, 30th Regiment, a hard 
 drinker, who had a pulmonic complaint of eight months' 
 duration, of which he died. 
 
 4. Tuberculated Liver. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 5. Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess, which communicates with 
 
 the Lung. 
 
 From Francis Calwell, at. 28, 60th Regiment, ad- 
 mitted into hospital, on arrival from India. He had 
 been subject to dysentery for the last three years of his 
 residence there, but on the passage home this complaint 
 left him. He complained of pain in the hepatic region, 
 aggravated by inspiration, or cough. After admission 
 he had an attack of Haemoptysis, and the sanguineous 
 dejections reappeared. He died at the end of five 
 weeks. 
 
 6. Liver, — with an Abscess in the great lobe. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Ludwick, received into hospital, on ar- 
 rival from India. He complained of severe pain in the 
 right side, with frequent short cough, and difficulty of 
 breathing. During a violent coughing fit, he expecto- 
 rated a quart of matter. He died in two months. 
 
 7. Liver, — presenting an Abscess on the concave side of the 
 
 left lobe : the Stomach adhering, and forming part of 
 the wall of the Abscess. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Davis, aBt. 27, 67th Regiment, ad- 
 mitted with pain in the head, thirst, rigors, short dry 
 cough, and pulse of 110. He had been ill five days, 
 and appeared to be improving, when a sudden attack of 
 dysentery carried him off. 
 
 8. Liver, — enlarged and indurated, its structure condensed, 
 
 and surface irregular, presenting puckering, and marks 
 of old suppurating cysts. 
 
108 SECRETION. 
 
 From Richard M'Clare, apt. 36, Newfoundland Vete- 
 ran Company, who was attacked with continued fever, 
 which was considerably relieved on the third day ; but, 
 on the fourth, he complained of pain in the right iliac 
 region, and had ardent pyrexia, terminating, after some 
 duration, in a state of sudden collapse, for which the 
 operation of transfusion (to the amount of ^^^x) ^^s 
 unsuccessfully resorted to, the patient dying in a few 
 hours after. On dissection, the Peritoneum situated in 
 the right iliac fossa was found to be inflamed, and small 
 portions of lymph were irregularly diffused on its sur- 
 face. The mucous membrane of the Stomach was 
 studded with petechial spots ; the Spleen was enlarged 
 and indurated ; and the Liver as represented in the pre- 
 paration. 
 
 9. Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Walsh, set. 33, 46th Regiment, who 
 was received into hospital, on his arrival from India, 
 labouring under an advanced stage of bowel complaint, 
 of which he died five days after admission. On dissec- 
 tion, the small Litestines were found slightly inflamed ; 
 the mucous membrane of the sigmoid flexure of the 
 Colon ulcerated and sloughy ; the Liver with an ab- 
 scess, which contained one pint of yellowish brown 
 matter ; and the gall-bladder full of vitiated bile. 
 
 10. Liver, — presenting an Abscess communicating with the 
 
 Lung. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 11. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting small elevations on its sur- 
 
 face. 
 
 12. Liver,— exhibiting an Abscess which communicates with 
 
 the Stomach.— /izV/. 
 
 From Serjeant M'Gahan, admitted into hospital in 
 a state of great debility and emaciation, with loss of ap- 
 petite, and subject, particularly after meals, to flatulence, 
 pains in the praecordia, and vomiting. He stated that 
 his health and digestive powers had been declining for 
 some years past. 
 
 13. Liver, — presenting an Abscess in the upper part of the 
 
 lobe. — India. — Presentedby Mr. Cathcart, Surgeon, 38th 
 Re<iiment. 
 
 The patient from whom this preparation was taken 
 died of acute Hepatitis, after ten days' treatment. 
 
DIVISION II. 109 
 
 14. Liver, — exhibiting the cyst of an Abscess.— Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 15. Liver, — exhibiting a cyst, (part of the walls of which are 
 
 encrusted with calcareous matter,) filled with Hydatids. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Corporal Worrall, 17th Regiment, admitted 
 with Bronchitis, of which he died the following day. 
 He had served twenty-three years, eleven of which he 
 had spent in India. He was of robust make, and, pre- 
 vious to this illness, was not aware of any complaint 
 except an old injury from the kick of a horse. 
 
 16. Section of Liver, — exhibiting Abscesses. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 5. 
 
 17. Liver, — with a cyst, containing Hydatids. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Pearce, 48th Regiment, a^t. 42. He 
 laboured under acute pain in the chest, referred to the 
 left side, extreme dyspnoea and cough, with livid coun- 
 tenance, and general rigors. Any symptoms of the he- 
 patic lesion appear to have been lost in those of the more 
 grave disease of which he died, after having been two 
 weeks in hospital. On dissection, it was found that 
 effusion had taken place into the chest. 
 
 18. Liver, — with Abscesses in several parts of the right lobe. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Liver, — presenting the cyst of an Abscess towards the 
 
 anterior part of the great lobe. — Ibid. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 20. Liver, — exhibiting a cyst, from which a large Hydatid 
 
 had been removed. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Glover, 7th Veteran Battalion, admitted 
 moribund, under the head of Ascites, with which he had 
 been afflicted for four months. 
 
 21. Hydatid of large size. — Ibid. 
 
 From the hepatic cyst, which forms the subject of 
 the preceding. 
 
 22. Liver, — exhibiting Melanosis. — Corfu. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 3. Division L 
 
 23. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting Melanosis. — Ibid. — PrC' 
 
 sented by the same. 
 
 Apparently from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
110 Sr.CP.K'lION. 
 
 24. Sections of Liver, showing melanotic degeneration. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 25. A portion of Liver, — highly melanosed. — Edinburgh. — Pre- 
 
 sented hij the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh. 
 
 From John Hunter, a shoemaker, who was attacked 
 by severe pleurisy, from which he recovered. A haemor- 
 rhoidal affection then supervened, which also subsided, 
 under proper treatment. Three days afterwards he 
 complained of debility, and died in the night. (Vide 
 Edinburgh Medical and Chirurgical Transactions, vol. i. 
 page 271.) 
 
 26. A section of the same, — more thinly studded with Mela- 
 
 notic patches. — Ibid.— Presented by the same. 
 
 27. Presents a Liver of unusually large size, and elongated 
 
 form. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 98. Digestion. Divi- 
 sion IIL; and No. 148. Class III. Locomotion. Divi- 
 sion L 
 
 28. Portion of Liver, — granulated. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No 15. Digestion. Divi- 
 sion IIL 
 
 29. Liver, — exhibiting the cyst of an Abscess. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory Jinattainable. 
 
 30. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting tubercles of a firm fibrous 
 
 appearance. — Presented by Dr. Kinnis, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 The patient had long been under treatment for chronic 
 dysentery, and died suddenly of convulsions and coma, 
 his intellect having been previously impaired. After 
 death, a cartilaginous tumour, having two cavities con- 
 taining pus, was discovered in the Brain, between the 
 tentorium, and posterior part of the right hemisphere, 
 which was also softened. The Liver was as shown in 
 the preparation. 
 
 3L Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Henry Burns, a^t. 48, 24th Regiment, admitted 
 from India, labouring under violent hepatic pain, great 
 dyspnoea, hard dry cough, increased heat of skin, 
 frequent, strong, and hard j)ulse, arid anxiety of coun- 
 tenance, lie had previously been affected with Hepa- 
 titis in Bengal. He died about a month after admission. 
 
DIVISION J I. Ill 
 
 32. Liver, — exhibiting thickening oi" its peritonea] coat. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainahle . 
 
 33. Portion of Liver, — tuberculated, and of a straw colour. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 50. Digestion. Divi- 
 sion IV. 
 
 34. Hydatids found in the Liver. — Mediterranean. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 35. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting a cicatrix. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient had contracted syphilis in the West Indies, 
 for which he had used mercury to a considerable extent. 
 The bones of the cranium were carious. No history of 
 the origin of the hepatic cicatrix appears to have been 
 collected. 
 
 36. Cyst of hepatic Abscess, which contained seven pints and 
 
 a half of pus. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Crump, 66th Regiment, admitted, on his 
 return from St. Helena, labouring under chronic rheu- 
 matism, to which he had for some time been subject. 
 Four days afterwards he was attacked with symptoms of 
 Hepatitis, and dysentery, and died after nine days' further 
 suffering. He stated that he had never been affected 
 with any hepatic complaint, while at St. Helena. 
 
 37. Cyst of an hepatic Abscess, which contained seventeen 
 
 pints of purulent matter. — Ibid. 
 
 From Richard Palmer, 19th Regiment, ast. 26, ad- 
 mitted, on arrival from Ceylon, with intermittent fever, 
 under which he had been suffering for the previous 
 twelve months. He had also been affected with Hepa- 
 titis while abroad. After having been some time under 
 treatment for the ague, symptoms of abscess in the 
 Liver appeared ; and subsequendy, the case having ad- 
 vanced, and the abscess becoming perceptible by external 
 examination, an attempt was made to open it, when three 
 pints of a serous fluid flowed out, but no pus. He died 
 two days afterwards of Peritonitis. 
 
 38. Liver, — thickly studded with scirrhous tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From Patrick Donaghue, aet. 38, 37th Regiment, who 
 returned from India, invalided on account of hepatic 
 disease, of two years' dux'ation. When admitted, he had 
 also a bowel complaint, and was beginning to show 
 
112 SECRETION. 
 
 symptoms of general dropsy, which afterwards termi- 
 nated fatally in the form of Hydrothorax. 
 
 39. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess with a thick car- 
 
 tilaginous cyst. — Presented hij Dr. Lindsey^ Deputy In- 
 spector General of Hospitals. 
 
 40. Sac of an Abscess, taken from the Liver. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Davies, 3rd Veteran Battalion, who was 
 admitted with Hydrothorax and catarrh. He had been 
 twenty-six years in the service, part of the time in the 
 West Indies and Mediterranean. He was under treat- 
 ment eight years before for pain in the right side, which 
 had continued almost ever since. He died after three 
 months' treatment. 
 
 4L Liver, — exhibiting thickening of its peritoneal coat. — 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 42. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess in the right 
 
 lobe. — Ibid. 
 
 This abscess communicated with the Colon. From 
 the same subject as No. 24. Digedion. Division IV. 
 
 43. Liver, — exhibiting an extensive Abscess in the great lobe. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 44. Liver, — exhibiting the cyst of an Abscess. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 Ab. Section of Liver,— exhibiting diffuse tubercular disease. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 46. Portion of Liver, — injected, and exhibiting small eleva- 
 
 tions. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 47. Section of Liver, — softened in texture, and studded with 
 
 small Abscesses. — Presented by Mr. Colclo?igh, Surgeon, 
 9th Lancers. 
 
 From Thomas Golding, admitted into hospital with 
 acute Hepatitis. In spite of active and varied treatment, 
 the disease proved fatal in forty-one days. He had 
 been addicted to the use of ardent spirits. 
 
 48. Another section of the same Liver. — Presented by the 
 
 same. 
 
 49. Portion of Liver, —exhibiting a tubercle. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient had been in'lndia, and had formerly used 
 mercury for syphilis. He died of chronic dysentery. 
 
DIVISION II. ii:> 
 
 50. Liver much enlarged, its left lobe indurated, and exhibit- 
 
 ing in the right an Abscess, which contained two pints 
 of pus. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Kelly, 67th Regiment, admitted with ge- 
 neral dropsy and hepatic disease, contracted in India. 
 The operation of Paracentesis abdominis was performed 
 below the umbilicus, and two quarts of turbid fluid ob- 
 tained, after which high irritative fever set in, attended 
 with delirium, and, lastly, death. On dissection, the 
 viscera of the abdomen were found to be glued together 
 with lymph ; and that cavity contained about two quarts 
 of fluid. 
 
 51. Liver, — exhibiting large scrofulous tubercles, and weigh- 
 
 ing ten pounds and a half. — Presented by Dr. Howell, 
 Surgeori to tlie Forces. 
 
 From Thomas Wood, 38th Regiment, £et. 41. He 
 had suffered from the Walcheren fever, from the effects 
 of which he had never recovered. He was a man of 
 intemperate habits. He was admitted with Ascites, of 
 which he died seven weeks afterwards. (Vide No. 4, 
 Secretion. Division IV.) 
 
 52. Liver,— exhibiting large tubercles. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Lang, 60th Regiment, set. 43, admitted 
 with a subacute attack of Splenitis. He referred the 
 origin of his complaint to a blow which he had received 
 in Jamaica, ever since which he had suffered from pain in 
 the left hypochondriac region, accompanied by occasional 
 spitting of blood. While under treatment, he had fre- 
 quent hsematemesis, and his evacuations were almost 
 always tinged with blood. 
 
 53. Liver tuberculated, and Pancreas adhering to it. — Ibid. 
 
 — History wiattaiiiable. 
 
 54. Gall-bladder, — containing three large Calculi. — Ibid. — 
 
 History unattainable, 
 
 55. Gall-bladder, — containing two Calculi. — Ibid. 
 
 56. Very minute biliary Calculi, of a black colour. — Edinburgh. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Kiiox, 
 
 57. Extensive Abscess of the right lobe of the Liver. — Gibral- 
 
 tar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser^ Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Forces, 
 
 The patient died hectic. 
 
From John Irving, 28th Regiment, who died of acute 
 
 114. SECRETION. 
 
 58. Portion of the convex surface of the right lobe of the 
 
 Liver, — containing Hydatids. — Presented hj Dr. Kenny, 
 Surgeoi^ 67t/i Regiment. 
 
 The soldier from whom this preparation was taken 
 died of Haemoptysis. The Hydatids had no relation to 
 his death. 
 
 59. Section of the concave side of the left lobe of the Liver, 
 
 — exhibiting a cyst, which contained Hydatids. — Pre- 
 sented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 60. Section of tubercular Liver. — Mediterranean. — Presented 
 
 by Mr. O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, "Itli Fusileers 
 
 From J( ' ' ' • " - 
 
 dysentery. 
 
 61 . Liver injected, — exhibiting Fungus hoematodes. — Loyidon. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Howship. 
 
 62. Section of Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess, which commu- 
 
 nicates with the Stomach. — History unattainable. 
 
 63. Biliary Calculi, of a mulberry shape, and black colour. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who served some years in India, and, 
 on arrival at home, died of Phthisis. The Liver was 
 shrunk, of a dark colour, firm, and granular. The gall- 
 bladder contained a moderate quantity of brown-coloured 
 bile, and near its neck were situated the eight calculi pre- 
 sented in the preparation. He had not, latterly, com- 
 plained of any symptoms of hepatic disease, although it 
 was reported that he had suffered most severely in India 
 from acute Hepatitis. 
 
 64. Biliai-y Calculi. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from a soldier who died of tubercular Phthisis. 
 The Intestines were ulcerated ; the Liver firm and te- 
 nacious ; and the gall-bladder moderately distended with 
 healthy-looking bile, in which floated the Calculi. 
 
 65. Portion of Liver, — in which a distinct osseous deposit has 
 
 taken place. — Ibid. 
 
 From Moses Ruston, aet. 29, 46th Regiment, a stru- 
 mous subject, who died of chronic abscesses under the 
 lumbar fascia. On dissection, the Lungs were found to 
 contain miliary tubercles ; the Liver was of a dark 
 colour, and somewhat smaller than natural. 
 
DIVISION II. 115 
 
 66. Section of Liver, — presenting a circumscribed and very 
 
 hard portion of bone in its substance. — History unat- 
 taiiiahle. 
 
 67. Biliary Calculus.— i^or/ Pitt. 
 
 Taken from Samuel Hervey, 1st Regiment, who, 
 having served many years in India, was invalided on 
 account of visceral disease and dropsy, of which he ulti- 
 mately died. On examination, the Lungs were found 
 inflamed and indurated by tubercular infiltration ; and 
 many large tubercular deposits existed in the Liver. 
 The gall-bladder was prodigiously distended by pale 
 bile : — the calculus was fixed in the neck of this vis- 
 
 68. Gall-bladder, with a Calculus firmly impacted in its neck. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 58. Class L Respira- 
 tion. Division IlL 
 
 69. Section of Liver, — exhibiting a well-marked specimen of 
 
 scirrhous tubercle. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 22. Digestion. Divi- 
 sion IL 
 
 70. Section of Liver, — exhibiting Tubera circumscripta. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 67. 
 
 7L Hydatids from the Liver of a Bullock. — Cape of Good 
 Hope. — Presented by Mr. Ford^ Assistant Surgeofi, 12nd 
 Regiment. 
 
 These were situated in the right lobe, and contained 
 in a cyst ; when first removed, they evinced evident 
 symptoms of vitality. 
 
 72. Portion of Liver, — containing the cyst of an Hydatid, of 
 
 considerable size. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 82. Digestion. Divi- 
 sion IV. 
 
 73. Gall-bladder, — exhibiting great thickening of its coats. — 
 
 —Madras. — Presented by Dr. Strachan, Inspector Gene- 
 ral of Hospitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 74. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting many supplementary lobes. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Orr, Assistant Surgeon^ 95th Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 I 2 
 
116 SECRETION. 
 
 From a seijeant of the 95th Regiment, who died 
 suddenly of pulmonary apoplexy. 
 
 75. Gall-stones of four species, having various external cha- 
 
 racters. — Hisioi-y unattainable. 
 
 76. Biliary Calculi. — History unattainable. 
 
 "il. Calculi from the gall-bladder.— Ms^o;7/ unattainable. 
 
 78. Calculus of mulberry shape found in the gall-bladder. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the body of Michael Kelly, who died of Phthisis 
 pulmonalis. 
 
 79. Calculi from the gall-bladder. — Jhid. 
 
 From John Carpenter, 65th Regiment, aet. 25, who, 
 having returned from India after six years' service, died 
 on the day of his arrival. 
 
 80. Two Calculi from the gall-bladder.— /i/(/. 
 
 From James Johnston, 26th Regiment, who, after an 
 apoplectic fit, became idiotic and paralytic, and so died, 
 at the end of six years. 
 
 81. Numerous Calculi, of various sizes and forms, from the 
 
 gall-bladder. — Ibid. 
 
 Taken from a soldier's wife, who died of intermittent 
 fever and Anasarca. 
 
 82. Liver, — exhibiting an Abscess of considerable size; an in- 
 
 cision through the external integuments communicating 
 with \i.— Malta.— Presented by Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, 
 80tk Regiment. 
 
 From Charles Burns, 80th Regiment. The abscess 
 was opened externally, with considerable temporary re- 
 lief of the symptoms. 
 
 83. Portion of Liver,— exhibiting ulcerated sinuses.— /i/V/.— 
 
 Presented by Dr. Hodson, Surgeon, 95th Regiment. 
 
 84. Portion of Liver, — presenting Abscess and sinuses. — Ibid. 
 
 — Presented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 85. Portion of Liver, — with a deposit of cartilaginous consis- 
 
 tence on its surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Burns, ait. 4-8, 11th Regiment, an im- 
 becile patient, subject to apoplectic fits, in one of which 
 he died. He had been much addicted to the use of 
 
DIVISION II. 117 
 
 ardent spirits. On dissection, the remains and effects 
 of considerable vascular plethora were detected in the 
 Brain : the viscera of the other cavities vi^ere sufficiently 
 sound, with the exception exemplified in the prepara- 
 tion. The Spleen was of remarkably diminutive size. 
 (Vide Division III. No. 13.) 
 
 86. Portion of Liver,— exhibiting numerous nodules, and 
 supplementary lobes. — Mauritius. — Presented hy Dr. 
 Ingham^ Surgeon.^ 29th Regiment. 
 
 From the wife of the Hospital serjeant of the 29tii 
 Regiment. 
 
 87- Liver, — exhibiting numerous large Abscesses. — Madras. 
 — Presented by Dr. Thomson^ Assistant Surgeon^ 26th 
 Regiment. 
 
 From John Marr, 26th Regiment, at. 19. This 
 youth, having been eighteen months in India, during 
 which time he had been in good health, with the ex- 
 ception of a slight dysenteric affection, was suddenly 
 attacked with Hepatitis in its most ardent type. In spite 
 of very active medical treatment, it ran into extensive 
 suppuration, and the case proved fatal in twenty-five 
 days. On dissection, some serum was discovered in the 
 abdomen, in which cavity the Liver presented the most 
 remarkable feature, being of an enormous size, and pro- 
 truding itself so high into the right thoracic cavity as to 
 compress tiie Lung, and thrust the Heart far towards 
 the left side. In removing the viscus one large abscess 
 burst; the remaining solid and fluid parts together 
 weighed fourteen pounds, whereof probably nearly three 
 fourths were purulent matter. 
 
 88. Portion of Liver,— exhibiting two well-defined tubercles. 
 
 — Ireland. — Presented hy Mr. Cavet, Assistant Surgeon, 
 91th Regiment. 
 
 From Thomas Duggan, a child three years of age, 
 who died of marasmus. After death, the Lungs were 
 found to contain miliary tubercles ; the bronchial and 
 mesenteric glands were enlarged, and converted into firm 
 tubercular masses ; and there were also tubercles in the 
 Spleen, as well as the Liver. 
 
 89. Cyst of an Abscess from the surface of the Liver.— iVf<2- 
 
 'dras. —Presented by Dr. Strachan, Inspector General of 
 Hospitals. 
 
 P'rom John Read, 13th Light Dragoons. 
 
118 SECRETION. 
 
 90. Portion of Liver, — exhibiting a caseous tubercle depo- 
 
 sited near the convex surface, and giving rise to an ap- 
 pearance of a cicatrix at this spot. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Hart, 96th Regiment, aet. 25, who 
 died of Phthisis. On examination, some tubercles 
 were also found beneath the mucous membrane of the 
 Intestines. 
 
 91. Portion of Liver, — containing the cyst of an Hydatid. — 
 
 Malta. — Presented by Mr. Martin, Surgeon, lord lie- 
 givient. — History unattainable. 
 
 92. Portion of tuberculated Liver, — having attached to it a 
 
 small globular mass of similar structure. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 sented by the same. 
 
 From a serjeant of the 73rd Regiment, who died of 
 chronic dysentery. 
 
 93. Small Tumour of cartilaginous consistence taken from the 
 
 Liver, where it was imbedded in a fibrous cyst.— Ibid. 
 — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Ho- 
 spitals. 
 
 Procured from a Maltese, who died of Tetanus. 
 
 94. Gall-bladder, — the surface contiguous to the Liver ulcer- 
 
 ated. — Ibid. — PresentedbyDr. Scott, Surgeon, Bijle Bri- 
 gade. — History unattainable. 
 
 95. Exhibits an opening from the convex surface of the Liver 
 
 through the Diaphragm into the right pleural cavity, 
 the result of the bursting of an hepatic Abscess : a small 
 portion of Lung attached. — Ibid. — Presented by M?: 
 Fiddcs, Surgeon, S5th Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment, who died of 
 this disease. The sac contained a sero-purulent fluid, 
 which, after rupture into the cavity of the chest, was 
 confined in a limited space by a praeternatural adhesion 
 of the Pleura pulmonalis to the Diaphragm. 
 
 96. Part of the sac of an Abscess found in the Liver. — Ibid. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Bijle Brigade. 
 
 From a soldier of the Rifle Brigade, who, at one pe- 
 riod, had laboured under dysentery, but, latterly, had 
 dropsical symptoms. The sac was detected in the in- 
 ferior part of the right lobe, and contained about two 
 pints of viscid matter. 
 
 9/. Portion of Liver, — with several small cysts of Abscesses. 
 —Ibid. 
 
DIVISION III. 119 
 
 From Simon Grey, 14-th Regiment, aet. 37, an invalid 
 from India, where he had served sixteen years. He 
 complained of irritability of stomach, diarrhoea, and te- 
 nesmus ; and, shortly afterwards, of pain in the right 
 hypochondrium, and abdominal tension, combined with 
 symptoms of fever, which degenerating into hectic, he 
 sunk exhausted. On dissection, both Lungs adhered 
 to the costal parietes ; the abdominal cavity contained 
 eighteen pints of fluid ; the Liver was indurated, and 
 contained the lesions shown in the preparation. 
 
 98. Liver, — exhibiting cavities made by Abscesses in various 
 
 parts of its structure. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier of the 1st Regiment, who returned 
 from India with decayed constitution, and labouring 
 under chronic Hepatitis, of which he died. 
 
 99. A G2i\\-s\.owe. — Ionian Islands.— Presented hy Dr. 
 
 M'Mwm, yissistant Surgeon, 10th Begiment. 
 
 From William Looby, 10th Regiment, aet. 25, who 
 died of remittent fever, having been attacked with colic 
 shortly before his death. 
 
 100. Gall-bladder, — its coats of cartilaginous consistence, and 
 
 bone deposited at its fvin(\\\s.— Malta.— Presented by 
 Mr. Fiddes, Surgeon, S5t/i Regime?it. 
 
 From Edward M'Cann, 85th Regiment, who died 
 of ulceration of the Intestines. 
 
 101. Portion of Liver,— exhibiting an Hydatid in its bed.— 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Joseph Wheeler, 4-th Regiment, at. 31, who, 
 having been long a sufferer from chronic disease, ulti- 
 matelv died by the supervening of a low form of peri- 
 pneumony. The existence of disease in the Liver was 
 not betrayed during life. 
 
 Division III —DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 SPLEEN. 
 
 I. Spleen, tuberculated. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From James Neally, 7 1st Regiment, admitted with 
 Phthisis, of which he died. 
 
120 SECUETION. 
 
 2. Spleen, — exhibiting Abscesses. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Arthur Langan, 13th Regiment, set. 24', ad- 
 mitted under the head of continued fever, which he had 
 contracted on a march. He died after seven weeks' treat- 
 ment. On examination, it was found that effusion had 
 taken place between the dura mater and araclmoid, and 
 into the ventricles of the Brain. No symptoms are re- 
 corded demonstrative of the splenic lesion. 
 
 3. Spleen, — with a large sac surrounding it, which contained 
 
 purulent matter. — Ibid. 
 
 From John M'Kenzie, 41st Regiment, set. 47, ad- 
 mitted wiih common continued fever, with which he had 
 been affected for three weeks. He died after being seven 
 weeks under treatment. On dissection, an abscess was 
 found between the pleurae of the right side, which con- 
 tained a pint and ahalf of pus; another, equally exten- 
 sive, was found between the peritoneum and abdominal 
 muscles ; and a third as represented in the preparation. 
 
 4. Spleen, — enlarged. — History unattainable. 
 
 5. Spleen, — indurated. — History unattainable. 
 
 6. Spleen, — exhibiting ulceration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Robert Green, set. 31, 34th Regiment, admitted, 
 on arrival from India, labouring under dysentery of tour 
 weeks' standing, contracted on the passage home. He 
 had served seven years in that country, and had enjoyed 
 good health until within the last two years, when he had 
 syphilis, for which he took mercury. Subsequently his 
 bones became affected with nodes. He died in five 
 weeks, without any indication of disease of the Spleen. 
 After death the Intestines were found in a state of ulce- 
 ration. 
 
 7- Spleen, — tuberculated. — Ibid. — History xinattainable. 
 
 8. Spleen, — of unusual magnitude. — History unattainable. 
 
 9. Lobulated Spleen.— iv?;-if Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 42. Class I. Respiration. 
 Division III. 
 
 10. Spleen, — enlarged and condensed in structure. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Gee, Royal African Corps, who, after a 
 two years' residence on the western coast of Africa, was 
 invalided for the sequeht of remittent fever, particularly 
 Splenitis. In hospital he had frequent attacks of epi- 
 
DIVISION III. 121 
 
 staxis, and pulmonic irritation; and, while apparently 
 improving, he expired without ostensible cause. Dis- 
 section .—the Lungs adhered to the pleura costalis by a 
 recent effusion, and, when cut into, exhibited traces of 
 hepatization, and the third stage of Pneumonia; the 
 right heart was dilated; the Liver enlarged, and unna- 
 turally hard ; the Spleen as exhibited in the preparation. 
 1 L Spleen, — ruptured. — Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser, 
 Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a sailor, who fell from the mast-head, and was 
 killed. On examination, the abdomen was found full of 
 grumous blood from the ruptured viscus. 
 
 12. Spleen, — exhibiting well-defined sanguineous coagula in 
 
 its substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 23. Class IIL Sensation. 
 Division L 
 
 13. Spleen, — exceedingly small ; its capsule at parts opaque. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 85. Division 11. 
 
 14. Spleen, — much enlarged, its capsule in some parts thick- 
 
 ened, and exhibiting shreds of lymph appended to it. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 From Patrick Daley, Royal African Corps, who had 
 served five years in Sierra Leone, and, soon after his 
 return, died of Phthisis. After death, the Lungs were 
 found greatly disorganized by tubercular deposit, and 
 consequent induration ; the Liver was of large size, and 
 pale colour; and the Spleen as above described. 
 
 15. Spleen, — exceedingly small. — Jamaica. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Stewart, Surgeon, 8^th Regiment. 
 
 The man from whom this preparation was obtained 
 had been much addicted to the use of ardent spirits. 
 
 16. Spleen, — of unusual form, being elongated, and divided 
 
 into two equal portions longitudinally by a narrow neck. 
 — Malta. — Presented by Mr. Thomas, Surgeon, Ordnance 
 Medical Department. 
 
 Taken from the body of an insane Officer, who com- 
 mitted suicide. 
 
 17. Exhibits a supernumerary Spleen. — Malta. — Presented by 
 
 Dr. Daxy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. — History un- 
 attainable. 
 
 18. Spleen, — with capsule become thickened and opaque.— 
 
SECRETION. 
 
 Malta. — Presented by Mr. Martin, Surgeon^ 13rd Re- 
 giment. 
 
 From Patrick M'Donnaugh, 88th Regiment, who 
 died of Phthisis pulmomilis. 
 
 Division IV.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 KIDNEY. 
 
 1. Kidney, — exhibiting Calculi in its pelvis. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From George Fellitre, 43rd Regiment, aet, 40, ad- 
 mitted with pain of the head, thirst, and purging of a 
 thin yellow matter. Three days afterwards he became 
 comatose, and died the following day. 
 
 2. Large cyst, filled with Hydatids, attached to the Kidney. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From John Copeman, 17th Regiment, tet. 44, admitted 
 with a pulmonic affection of four years' standing, attended 
 with cough, purulent expectoration, night-sweats, and 
 frequent and distressing inclination to void his urine. He 
 had served twelve years in India. 
 
 3. Kidney, — partly absorbed ; ureter obliterated. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 17. Class I. Circulation. 
 Division II. 
 
 4. Kidney, — tuberculated, and exhibiting a number of small 
 
 stones in its pelvis. 
 From the same subject as No. 51. Division II. 
 
 5. Kidney, — exhibiting a number of sacculi, many of them 
 
 containing Calculi. — Ibid. 
 
 The patient from whom this preparation was obtained 
 died of fever. 
 
 6. Kidney, — exhibiting calculous matter in its pelvis. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 7. Kidney, — exhibiting a large sac in its centre, having no 
 
 communication with the substance of the organ. — Deal. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Bell, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 The ))atient had been ten months under treatment for 
 
 rheumatism and bowel complaints, of which he died. 
 
DIVISION IV. 123 
 
 After death, the Lungs were found to be tuberculated, 
 and the large Intestines in a state of ulceration. 
 
 8. Calculous concretions in the infundibula of the Kidney. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of dropsy, succeeding inter- 
 mittent fever. 
 
 9. Kidney, — exhibiting Hydatids in its substance. — Ibid. 
 
 From Peter 1 aylor, set. 45, 53rd Regiment, who was 
 admitted, complaining of frequent cough, dyspnoea, and 
 pain on the right side of the chest, and died in six weeks. 
 He had served seven years in the West, and thirteen in 
 the East, Indies. 
 
 10. Kidney, — tuberculated. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Cox, aet. 38, admitted, on his arrival 
 from the West Indies, with dysentery, with which he 
 became affected on the voyage : he died at the end of 
 three months. On dissection, the mucous lining of the 
 Intestines presented ulceration ; and there was a false 
 passage in the urethra. 
 
 11. Kidney, — with Tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Claycoats, 7th Veteran Battalion, who 
 was received into hospital with symptoms of continued 
 fever, and died in three months. After death, the left 
 Lung was found completely hepatized, and effusion had 
 taken place on that side of the chest : the Liver was also 
 indurated. 
 
 12. Kidney, — exhibiting Tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From John M'Namara, 53rd Regiment, set. 37, ad- 
 mitted, on arrival from India, with pain in the right hy- 
 pochondrium, increased on coughing or pressure. After 
 death, which took place in sixteen weeks, an abscess was 
 discovered in the Liver; and the Kidneys were in the 
 state illustrated by the preparation. 
 
 13. Hydatid of the Kidney. — Ibid. 
 
 From Frederick Watson, 26th Regiment, admitted 
 with violent ptyalism. He had been subject to a painful 
 affection of the head for the last twelve years; when on 
 the voyage home from Malta it became so excruciating 
 that he was ordered to take large doses of calomel, which 
 produced the above-mentioned effect. No symptoms 
 connected with the Kidneys appear on record. He died 
 in two days. Dissection discovered effusion into the 
 Brain and Lungs. 
 
12i SECRETION. 
 
 14. Kidney, — enlar<recl and spongy. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a medical Officer, who had an attack of gout, 
 for which he was ordered a scruple of colchicum seeds 
 powdered, which relieved him; but the attack not sub- 
 siding as quickly as he wished, he sent for a drachm of 
 the same, (supposing he had taken that quantity before,) 
 and took it. He made no particular complaint for two 
 days, when micturition ceased, and, a catheter being in- 
 troduced, no urine was found in the bladder. The fol- 
 lowing day he died. On dissection, effusion was found 
 to have taken place in the Lungs ; the Liver was tuber- 
 culated and enlarged; and the pelvis of the Kidneys in- 
 flamed. 
 
 15. Kidney, — exhibiting a Calculus in its pelvis, at the com- 
 
 mencement of the ureter. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Richmond, 24lh Dragoons, admitted, 
 on his arrival from India, where he had served ten years. 
 On the passage home he was attacked with dysentery, 
 which continued until his death, ten weeks afterwards. 
 For the last four years of his life he had suffered much 
 from rheumatism. On dissection, the bones of the head 
 were found to be diseased; the Lungs were tuberculated; 
 the Colon ulcerated; and the disease forming the sub- 
 ject of the preparation was discovered. 
 
 16. Kidney, — enlarged, and exhibiting Calculi in its pelvis. — 
 
 North America. 
 
 From a liemiplegic patient, who had also disease ol 
 the Heart. 
 
 17. Kidney, — exhibiting Tubercles. — Foii. Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant George M'Kenzie, 72nd Regiment, 
 fet. 33, admitted with Phthisis pulmonalis of three years' 
 duration, of which he died. 
 
 18. Kidney, — exhibiting Tubercles. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Best, 89th Regiment, aet. 39, who, having 
 served long in India, where he had suffered from Hepa- 
 titis, was admitted with cephalalgia: he subsequently 
 became comatose, and died. On dissection, both Lungs 
 and Kidneys were found tuberculated. The immediate 
 cause of death was an effusion of blood into the substance 
 of the Brain. 
 
 10. Tuberculated Kidney. — Ibid. 
 
 Removed from the body of William Darney, who was 
 
DIVISION IV. 125 
 
 admitted from on board ship, moribund of dysentery 
 and scurvy. 
 
 20. Hydatids taken from the Kidney. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the cyst which is exhibited in a preceding pre- 
 paration (No. 2.). 
 
 21. Disorganized Kidney, — ureter enlarged. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 22. Kidney, — presenting enlargement of the ureter. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 23. Section of an enlarged Kidney, injected, and exhibiting 
 
 dilatation of the infundibula. — London. — Presented by 
 Mr. Ho-wship. 
 
 The patient who was the subject of this disease had 
 complained for many years of constant pain in the left 
 lumbar region, and passed quantities of whey-coloured 
 albuminous matter with the urine. On examination, the 
 right Kidney was found converted into a sac, which con- 
 tained a pint and a half of pus. The bladder, except at 
 its cervix, presented a complete surface of ulceration. 
 
 24. Kidney, with a cyst containing Hydatids and gelatinous 
 
 fluid attached to the superior extremity of the gland. — 
 Sierra Leone. — Presented by Dr. Sweeny, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 25. Surface of Kidney, — studded with firm Tubercles. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From James Moore, aet. 38, 31st Regiment, admitted 
 with retention of urine, which disappeared on the follow- 
 ing day. Shortly afterwards icterus supervened, and he 
 died on the seventh day from admission. On dissection, 
 serous effusion was found to have been deposited beneath 
 the arachnoid membrane, and in the ventricles of the 
 Brain. The Liver was enlarged and granular, and the 
 gall-bladder distended with dark and thick bile. The 
 state of the Kidneys is represented in the preparation. 
 
 26. Kidney, — exhibiting depositions of caseous matter. — York 
 
 Hospital, Chelsea. — History unattainable. 
 
 2/. Kidney, — exhibiting scrofulous Tubercles, and cysts con- 
 taining matter, and opening into the ureter, which is much 
 dilated, and coated with a curdy substance, firmly ad- 
 herent to its surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Hugh M'Key, aet. 45, Veteran Battalion, ad- 
 
126 SECRETION. 
 
 mitted with Phthisis, of which he died. Twelve months 
 before, he had complained of pain in the lumbar and hy- 
 pogastric regions, with dyspnoea ; and his urine was 
 turbid, depositing a purulent sediment. After death, the 
 bladder was found much contracted and thickened, its 
 mucous surface abraded, but in part coated with curdy 
 matter, Hke the ureter. An abscess was situated between 
 the parietes of the bladder and the prostate gland. 
 
 28. Kidney, — exhibiting extensive dilatation of the pelvis and 
 
 ureter; the substance of the gland nearly absorbed. — 
 Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 The Bladder was punctured from the Rectum, in this 
 case, in consequence of retention of urine from imper- 
 vious urethra. After death, the whole of the urinary 
 organs were found in a state of disease. 
 
 29. Kidney, — exhibiting a deposition of caseous matter in its 
 
 substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Edward North, aet. 37, 7th Hussars, who, 
 having been several years a victim to scrofula, was ad- 
 mitted on account of strumous ulcerations on the chest, 
 connected with caries of the sternum and first rib. 
 Phthisical symptoms subsequently set in ; the ulcers de- 
 generated and spread ; and death was the consequence. 
 On examination, tubercles in every stage of maturation 
 were found in the Lungs. The mesenteric glands were 
 converted into caseous matter, and depositions of a si- 
 milar substance had taken place in the Kidney, and pro- 
 state gland. (Vide Class III. Locomotion. Division I. 
 No. 97.) 
 
 30. Kidney, — presenting a cartilaginous cyst, which contained 
 
 scrofulous matter. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Ward, aet. 24, 29th Regiment, who 
 had been affected with chronic rheumatism, acute dys- 
 entery, and hepatic disease, in the Mauritius ; but when 
 admitted, his symptoms were ill-defined and obscure, 
 his principal complaint being of universal pains. After 
 lingering for many months, he, at length, sunk into a 
 state of atrophy and emaciation, became bedridden, and 
 died from an attack of diarrhoea, nearly a twelvemonth 
 after admission. On post mortem examination, besides 
 the Kidney here preserved, it was discovered that many 
 of the bones of the trunk, particularly the pelvis, were 
 affected with osteo-sarcoma; and most of the conglobate 
 
DIVISION IV. 127 
 
 glands were enlarged and fleshy. (Vide Class III. Lo- 
 comotion. Division I. Nos. 106. 108. and 113; and Divi- 
 sion III. No. 22; also London Medical Gazette, vol. iii. 
 page 41.) 
 
 31. Kidney, — prodigiously enlarged, and everywhere converted 
 
 into serous cysts ; the parenchymatous structure super- 
 seded by the adventitious development. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Manion, 73rd Regiment, aet. 34, a man 
 of intemperate habits, admitted with chronic enlarge- 
 ment of the abdomen, at one time suspected to be fluid, 
 at another physconic. No symptom of disease of the 
 Kidneys was observed, during life; nor any indication 
 of the organic lesion presented in the preparation. On 
 examination post mortem, the cysts were filled with a 
 dark grumous substance. The pelvis and ureter pre- 
 sented nothing remarkable, and the Bladder contained 
 about half a pint of pale urine. 
 
 32. Section of the left Kidney, — exhibiting numerous adven- 
 
 titious serous cysts. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 33. Scrofulous affection of tlie Kidney. — Ibid. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 34. Similar disease exhibited in the other Kidney. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 35. Kidney enlarged, — the pelvis and ureter very much dilated. 
 
 — Malfa. — Presented by Dr. Portelli. 
 
 Taken from the body of a Maltese, aet. 22. 
 
 36. Kidney, — somewhat enlarged; its pelvis and ureter much 
 
 dilated. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 37. Kidney, — somewhat tuberculated ; the pelvis and ureter 
 
 greatly dilated. — Foi-t Pitt. 
 
 From James M'Gofl*, aet. 38, 43rd Regiment, who 
 was admitted with Hemiplegia dextra, and incontinence 
 of urine ; he died at the end of six days, with symptoms 
 of apoplexy. The Brain presented no marked morbid 
 feature on dissection. 
 
 38. The opposite Kidney, — in the same state. — Ibid. 
 
 39. Kidney, — tuberculated, and much diminished in size. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 67. Class I. Circtdation. 
 Division II. 
 
128 SECRETION. 
 
 (Both Kidneys were in a state of atrophy, weighing 
 together only 5f ounces.) 
 
 40. The opposite Kidney entire,— exhibiting its external ap- 
 
 pearance. 
 
 41. Kidney,— exhibiting two small cysts on the external sur- 
 
 face,' resembling spurious Hydatids. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From David Mitchell, 14lh Regiment, aet. 43, ad- 
 mitted on arrival from India, where he had served 
 twenty-three years, with anasarcous dropsy, of which 
 he ultimately died. Some time before death, he com- 
 plained of pain in the region of the right Kidney. On 
 dissection, a pint of sanguinolent fluid was taken from 
 both pleural cavities ; the Lungs were slightly emphyse- 
 matous; the abdomen contained four quarts of fluid; 
 the Liver was hard and granular; the Kidneys were, ex- 
 ternally, very irregular, and the cortical substance un- 
 usually pale. 
 
 42. Kidney,— having a small, deep, circular, ulcerated cavity 
 
 situated in its side. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 113. Digestion. Di- 
 vision in. 
 
 Division V.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 SKIN, &c. 
 
 1. Portion of Skin injected, — exhibiting the cuticle and rete 
 
 mucosum separated from the vascular layer of the der- 
 mis.— For/^ Pitt. 
 
 From a patient who died of Variola. 
 
 2. Skin injected, — exhibiting the vascular layer of the der- 
 
 mis. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 3. Duplicate of the last. — Bid. 
 
 4. A portion of Skin injected,— the cuticle separated from the 
 
 rete mucosum, which is attached to the vascular layer of 
 the dermis. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the three preceding prepa- 
 rations. 
 
DIVISION V. 129 
 
 5. Portion of Skin, — exhibiting Melanosis. — Corfu. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Daxy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 47. Class I. Circulation. 
 Division I. 
 
 6. Scalp, — thickened, and Pericranium adhering. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 7- Portion of Skin, tattooed. — History unattainable. 
 
 8. Black, scaly degeneration of the integument, constituting 
 
 a NflBvus Maternus. — Lundon. — Presented by Mr. T. 
 Berry., Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 Removed from over the Vastus externus abdominis 
 on the right side of a girl, with whose growth it had 
 grown. It was not larger than a pea at birth. 
 
 9. Portion of injected Integument, — showing the process of 
 
 separation between the dead and living parts. — Ibid. — 
 Presented by Mr. Hoivs/iip. 
 
 The patient, from whom the preparation was obtained, 
 had an ulcer near the inner ankle; sloughing came on 
 from irritation, and in the course of a fortnight he died 
 delirious. 
 
 10. Portion of Dermis, — exhibiting an old cicatrix injected ; 
 
 and showing the vessels shooting from the contiguous 
 Dermis into ihe newly formed substance, of much smaller 
 size, and less numerous, than those of the surrounding 
 part. 
 
 11. Portion of Integument from the sole of the foot, from 
 
 which the cuticle is detached, — exhibiting the varioloid 
 eruption about the eighth day. — Malta. — Presented by 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitcds. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 12. Portion of Skin, and subjacent integument from the back, 
 
 — exhibiting a thickened and elevated Cicatrix. — Ibid. — 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 This preparation exhibits the effect of frequent cor- 
 poral punishment on the integuments of the back. 
 
 13. Great Toe, — showing a peculiar elongation of its nail. — 
 
 Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 Procured from the body of a Maltese female, set. f}2, 
 who died of ovarial dropsy. (Vide No. 16. and 17. 
 Class IV. Division II.) 
 
[ lao J 
 
 EXCRETION. 
 
 Division I.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 BLADDER AND PROSTATE GLAND. 
 
 L Bladder, — thickened, with fleshy excrescences from its mu- 
 cous surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick Brandy, 34th Regiment, set. 30, admitted 
 with intermittent fever. He subsequently complained of 
 pain in the left lumbar region, and along the ureter, with 
 vomiting, and scanty, high-coloured urine. He died on 
 the seventh day. 
 
 2. Bladder, — thickened, with ulceration of its inner surface. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 3. Bladder, — exhibiting considerable thickening of its coats. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 4. Bladder, — exhibiting a fungoid growth from its mucous 
 
 lining. — Presented by Mr. Dempster, Assistant Surgeon to 
 the Forces. 
 
 5. Bladder, — presenting thickening, ulceration, and effiision of 
 
 lymph on its inner surface. — Presented by Dr. Hennen, 
 Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 6. Bladder, thickened. — York Hospital, Chelsea. — History un- 
 
 attainable. 
 
 7. Abscess, — situated between the prostate gland and the neck 
 
 of the Bladder. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 8. Bladder, — containing a large, oval, flattened Calculus. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Ford, Assistant Surgeon,12nd Regiment. 
 
 9. Bladder, which contained a Calculus, — the viscus nmch en- 
 
 larged, and thickened towards the neck. — London. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. 2\ Berry, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 10. Bladder, — its walls thickened, and lymph effused on the 
 
 mucous lining : Ureter thickened, its calibre dilated, and 
 lining membrane ulcerated, and covered with effused 
 
DIVJSION 1. 131 
 
 lymph: Kidney much enlarged, its substance disorga- 
 nized by extensive ulceration. — Malta. — Presented by 
 Dr. Calvert, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 11. Bladder, — thickened and contracted. 
 
 From a soldier of the y-ith Regiment, who died of 
 chronic dysentery. 
 
 12. Bladder much thickened and contracted, — presenting a 
 
 fungoid appearance at its fundus, through which a com- 
 munication existed with a sac situated between it and the 
 Peritoneum. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 13. Thickening of the Bladder, and disease of the membra- 
 
 nous portion of the Ureihra. — Chatham. — Presented by 
 Mr. Maynard, Surgeon, Coldstream Guards. 
 
 From John Green, aet. 31, Coldstream Guards, who 
 had for some time been under treatment for Stricture. 
 Small Calculi were found in the Bladder and urethra. 
 
 14. Fungoid ulceration of the Bladder. — Fort Pitt. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 1.5. Ulcerated Bladder, — with thickening and contraction. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 16. Bladder thickened; Prostate enlarged; Ureters dilated. 
 
 — Mauritius. — Presented by Dr. Shanks, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 87th Regiment. 
 
 17. Rupture of the fundus of the Bladder. — Gibraltar. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 This injury resulted from external violence. The pa- 
 tient lived five days after the accident. 
 
 18. Prostate gland, — exhibiting a deposition of scrofulous 
 
 matter. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 29. Secretion. Di- 
 vision IV. 
 
 19. Bladder, — with an hour-glass contraction, containing a 
 
 Calculus, which has assumed the same form. — Presented 
 by Mr. Piper, Surgeon, SSrd Regiment. 
 
 From William Spencely, 83rd Regiment, who was 
 affected with frequent and involuntary discharge of thick, 
 ropy urine, sometimes to the extent of six pints and a 
 half daily, of which the specific gravity was 1010, taste 
 saline and decidedly alkaline, with a considerable quan- 
 K 2 
 
132 EXCRETION. 
 
 tity of purulent matter floating through it, indicating 
 disease of one or other of the urinary organs : but no 
 symptom of stone in the Bladder existed. The sound 
 could only be passed into the Bladder to a small distance, 
 its progress being checked by some obstruction convey- 
 ing a soft sensation to the fingers. After death, the left 
 Kidney was found much enhuged ; its parenchyma dis- 
 eased, of a black colour, and friable, and its pelvis con- 
 taining pus : the calibre of the ureter was also enlarged: 
 the coats of the Bladder were thickened ; and the Cal- 
 culus was so firmly grasped by them, that it appeared 
 impossible for any fluid to pass this contraction. 
 
 20. Bladder, — with its coats amazingly thickened, and con- 
 
 taining a large Calculus. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. 
 Portelli. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as No. 35. Seci-etion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 21. Neck of a Bladder, — ulcerated at various points of its in- 
 
 ternal surface. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Fiddes, Sur- 
 geo)i, 85th Regiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment. 
 
 22. Urinary Calculus, — of oval and flattened shape, and mode- 
 
 rate size. 
 
 Taken, after death, from the Bladder which forms the 
 subject of No. 9. 
 
 23. Urinary Calculus, — weighing 7^ ounces. — Canada. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Mr. Millar^ Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 Removed from the Bladder of a French Judge, (in 
 whom the disease had existed many years,) after death. 
 
 24. Urinary Calculus, — weighing nearly three ounces. — Ibid. 
 
 — Presented by the same. 
 
 Removed from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 25. Urinary Calculus, — weighing 1-f ounce, in two sections. 
 
 —Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Hall, Uth Regiment, aet. 33, who had 
 served thirteen years in India, where he became affected 
 with incontinence of urine, and symptoms resembling 
 those of stone in the Bladder. Although he had fre- 
 quently been sounded, no stone was ever detected, until 
 his arrival at home, when the Calculus was discovered, 
 and extracted successfully. 
 
 26. Urinary Calculus, — divided to display its internal structure. 
 
DIVISION I. 133 
 
 which was composed of oxalate of lime, surrounded by 
 triple phosphate. 
 
 27. Large urinary Calculus, — composed of lithic acid. — Fvrt 
 
 Pitt . — Hist ory un atta inable. 
 
 28. Small urinary Calculus, — composed of phosphate of lime. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 29. Urinary Calculus. — Ibid. — History miattainable. 
 
 30. Calculi, — taken from the Bladder of a Pig. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 ol. Models of Calculi taken from the human Bladder. — His- 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 32. Urinary Calculus, — weighing 6f drachms. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Birmingham, tet. 20, 46th Regiment, 
 who was admitted labouring under an affection of the 
 Bladder, occasioned by an injury ; sometimes passing 
 his urine involuntarily, sometimes with difficulty, and 
 always experiencing much pain. At the time oi" his ad- 
 mission a white flocculent sediment was observed in his 
 urine, and he stated that he had frequently passed blood 
 in micturition. The existence of a calculus could not, 
 at that time, be discovered; but in a few months it be- 
 came apparent by sounding; and the Calculus, which 
 forms the present preparation, was successfully extracted. 
 
 33. Small portions of urinary Calculus. — Ibid. — History un- 
 
 attainable. 
 
 34. Urinary Calculus, — of oxalate of lime, with nucleus of 
 
 lithic acid. —History unattainable. 
 
 3.5. Fusible Calculus, — with nucleus of lithic acid. — Befigal. — 
 Presc7ited by Dr. Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 Removed from the body of a Negro. 
 
 36. Prostate gland, — exhibiting a considerable sinus. — Malta. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Pifle Brigade. 
 
 From a soldier of the Rifle Brigade, who died of 
 Pneumonia. The sinus communicated with the urethra 
 by a small opening near the Caput gallinaginis. 
 
 37. Bladder,— its internal surface much ulcerated, and pro- 
 
 minent granulations rising from it. — Ibid. — Presentedhy 
 the same. 
 
 From a woman, who died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
134 EXCRETION. 
 
 38. Bladder, — with thickening of the coats: a large ulcerated 
 
 opening into the vagina: a cyst in the lel't Ovarium, 
 containing fluid. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. Martin, 
 Surgeon, 73rd Begiment. 
 
 Taken from the body of a woman, aet. 26. Previous 
 to death she had hectic symptoms, and a copious foetid 
 discharge from the vagina. 
 
 39. Vesiculfe seminales; one unusually small.— /6zW.—P;r- 
 
 sented by Dr. Hodson, Surgeon, 95th Begiment. 
 
 From a soldier of that corps, who died of Phthisis 
 pulmonalis. 
 
 Division II.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 URETHRA. 
 
 1. Exhibits stricture of the Urethra, and thickening of the 
 
 Bladder.— i'o;/ Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 58. Digestion. Di- 
 vision IV. This patient never complained of disease of 
 the urinary organs. 
 
 2. Stricture of the membranous portion of the Urethra, and 
 
 thickening of the Bladder. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 3. Penis, — presenting stricture of the Urethra. — Ibid. 
 
 From Benjamin Hardy, 31st Regiment, ?et. 35, who 
 had been sent home from the Mediterranean an invalid, 
 from the effects of fever, and was admitted much ema- 
 ciated, and exhausted. He died three days afcer admis- 
 sion ; and, on dissection, the Lungs were found to be 
 disorganized, and the bronchial lining inflamed. 
 
 4. Penis, — exhibiting stricture of the Urethra, and a false 
 passage. — Ibid. 
 
 Fiom William Howell, ast, 32, admitted with Phthisis, 
 of which he afterwards died. Towards the termination 
 of the disease he complained of retention of urine; and 
 no instrument could be introduced into his Bladder. The 
 urine was, consequently, removed by puncturing that 
 viscus above the pubes. Dissection exposed tubercular 
 degeneration of the Lungs. 
 
 .5. Penis, — exhibiting stricture of the Urethra. — Ibid. 
 
DIVISION II. 135 
 
 From David Hooks, 2nd Veteran Battalion, admitted 
 with Syphilis consecutiva of considerable duration, (for 
 which he had used much mercur}^,) and disease of the 
 testicles; one being absorbed, the other enlarged, and 
 scirrhous. 
 
 6. Penis, — exhibiting stricture of the Urethra. — Ibid, — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 7. Presents stricture of the Urethra. — Ibid. 
 
 From Arthur Gillespie, 59th Regiment, set. 25, ad- 
 mitted with pulmonary Consumption. He never reported 
 any complaint connected with the urinary organs. 
 
 8. Stricture of the Urethra, — accompanied by morbid con- 
 
 dition of the Bladder, and enlargement of the Ureters. 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 9. Presents general contraction and closure of the whole 
 
 Urethra; with much thickening of the Bladder, and en- 
 largement of the Ureters and pelvis of the Kidneys. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Robert M'Dermott, 67th Regiment, a;t. 32, 
 who was admitted on arrival from India, from whence 
 he was invalided on account of visceral disease, and 
 stricture of the urethra. On admission, the smallest 
 bougie could not be passed above two inches. His urine 
 came away guttatim. He died eventually of acute in- 
 flammation of the urinary organs. 
 
 10. Exhibits fistulous passages from the Bladder, and Urethra. 
 
 — York Hospital, Chelsea. 
 
 The patient, from whom this preparation was obtained, 
 had been afflicted with that malady for two years pre- 
 vious to death. 
 
 11. Bladder and Urethra, — exhibiting Stricture and false pas- 
 
 sages in the latter. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 12. Exhibits stricture of the Urethra, combined with diseased 
 
 condition of the Bladder. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 13. Stricture of the Urethra, ^ — complicated with injury from the 
 
 abuse of bougies. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 14. Presents stricture of the Urethra. — Ibid. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 15. Penis, — exhibiting ulceration, and fistula communicating 
 
 with the Scrotum. — Ibid. 
 
136 EXCRETION. 
 
 From Henry Fuller, 47th Regiment, aet. 37, admitted 
 from India, where he had served fifteen years, under the 
 head of Ischuria. The fistulous disease appeared two 
 years before, without apparent cause. lie died at the 
 end of twenty days. On dissection, about three pints of 
 fluid were removed from each side of the Thorax. The 
 urethra, about four inches down, was obliterated, the 
 urine finding its exit by fistulous openings, which ter- 
 minated in the Scrotum. 
 
 16. Bladder," — much thickened; and portion of the Penis ex- 
 hibiting fistulous openings, which extend from the 
 Urethra into the perineum. — Gibraltar. — Pre&ented by 
 Mr. Frascr, Assistant Surgeo?i to the Forces. 
 
 The patient died of gangrene, caused by the escape of 
 the urine into the cellular substance of the perineum. 
 
 1/. Portion of Penis, and neck of the Bladder, — showing 
 stricture of the Urethra anterior to the bulb, false pas- 
 sages made by the improper use of the catheter, and 
 prostatic ducts dilated. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 In this case death was produced by infiltration of urine 
 into the surrounding parts. 
 
 18. Bladder and Penis, — exhibiting stricture of the membra- 
 
 nous portion of the Urethra by numerous longitudinal 
 bands, with a false passage at this part, and another at 
 the bulb; the Bladder considerably thickened. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From John Vernon, 80th Regiment, set. 40, who had 
 been frequently under treatment for complaints which 
 were considered nephritic, bloody and purulent matter 
 having been passed from the urethra. On admission, 
 a (X^.w^^ obstruction was discovered to exist posterior to 
 the bulb; and a severe, but ineffectual, attempt being 
 made to penetrate the stricture, rigors and fever suc- 
 ceeded, and death soon ensued. On post mortem exa- 
 mination, no extravasation of urine, or formation of 
 matter, could be discovered. The Bladder and urethra 
 were as presented in the preparation : a catheter could 
 be passed between the Bladder and pubes through the 
 false passage at the membranous portion. 
 
 19. Bladder and Penis, — the former much thickened, the latter 
 
 cut open to show the highly diseased state of the Urethra, 
 the whole of which is in a sloughing condition. The 
 opening near the glans penis is the result of an incision 
 
SENSATION. 137 
 
 made during life with a view to divide a stiicture. — 
 Chatham. — History unattainable. 
 
 20. Portion of Urethra, — exhibiting stricture; the surface of 
 the canal being very irregular. — Malta. — Presented by 
 Mr. Fiddes, Surgeon, 85th Regimerit. 
 
 From a soldier of the 85th Regiment, who had la- 
 boured under severe stricture, which had been relieved 
 by the use of caustic bougies. He died, subsequently, of 
 Pneumonia. 
 
 Class III.— ANIMAL FUNCTIONS. 
 
 SENSATION. 
 
 Division I.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF BRAIN. 
 
 1. Dura Mater, — with scrofulous tumours attached toit.— T^or^ 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From John Greenlash, 6th Dragoon Guards, admitted 
 with epilepsy, to which he had been subject for many 
 years. He complained of constant pain over the rio-ht 
 temple, and in his ankles. He became comatose pre- 
 vious to death, which took place after eleven days' treat- 
 ment. 
 
 2. Dura Mater,— ossified in the courseofthelongitudinalsinus. 
 
 — West Indies. — Preserved by Mr. Grasset, Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 Taken from Nero, a robust Creole, who, on the day 
 preceding his death, had been at work until the usual hour 
 of breaking up in the evening, when he went to bed com- 
 plaining of slight pain in the head, and was found dead 
 in the morning. 
 
 3. Dura Mater, — with a Tumour adhering to it, which pro- 
 
 jected into the substance of the Brain. — Fort Pitt. 
 
138 SENSATION. 
 
 From William Haines, 7tli Hussars, set. 34. On ad- 
 mission, he complained of obstipation of the bowels, of 
 six days' duration; his abdomen was tumid, and tongue 
 loaded; he appeared confused in liis ideas, his pupils 
 contracted, and had slight disposition to coma. He 
 shortly became convulsed, and died in nine days. 
 
 4. Abscess in the right hemisphere of the Brain. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Peter Boyland, Sth Light Dragoons, who had 
 been treated for fever, and discharged cured. In a 
 month he was readmitted, having been intoxicated nearly 
 all the intervening time. He had then tremors, with a 
 countenance sunk and dull, and his right pupil much 
 dilated: the following day he became comatose, and 
 continued in this state until the seventh day, when he 
 died. (Vide Drawing 33.) 
 
 5. Dura mater, — with a Tumour attached to it, which pro- 
 
 jected into the substance of the Brain. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Robert Poole, 1st Regiment, admitted 
 with paralysis of the left side, debility, torpor from which 
 lie was not easily roused, and impaired intellect. He 
 was also liable to fits of irregular occurrence. The pu- 
 pils were dilated in the beginning of the disease, but 
 towards the termination became contracted. He died 
 after a month's treatment. 
 
 6. Tumour taken from the Brain. — Presented by Mr. Booty, 
 
 Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From Charles Collins, who had been amaurotic and 
 deaf for two years previous to death. 
 
 7. Coagulable lymph thrown out upon the Dura Mater. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 16. Class II. Digestion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 8. Tumour, — found attached to the Dura Mater. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 This tumour, taken from an Officer who died of 
 Enteritis, pressed on the middle lobe of the Cerebrum. 
 Previous to his last illness, no affection of the Brain was 
 demonstrated by symptoms. The basilar artery was 
 dilated, and cartilaginous deposition was found in its 
 coats. 
 
 9. Ossification of the falx of the Dura Mater. — History un- 
 
 attainable. 
 
DIVISION I. 139 
 
 10. Tumour, — removed from tlie Brain. — Presented by the 
 
 Roijal College of Suj-gcons, Edinburgh. 
 
 From a child, seven years of age, who had been af- 
 fected with Hydrocephalus for upwards of two years. 
 
 11. Brain, — exhibiting an apoplectic cell in the left hemi- 
 
 sphere. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 12. Brain, — exhibiting the cyst of an Abscess in the left hemi- 
 
 sphere. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 13. Section of Brain, — exhibiting an Abscess in the right 
 
 hemisphere. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Aughterson, 45th Regiment, aet. 41, ad- 
 mitted with chronic Hepatitis, contracted in Ceylon : 
 four days previous to death, he became comatose. On 
 dissection, portions of the inner table of the frontal bone 
 were found absorbed ; and a similar removal had taken 
 place of the corresponding portions of the dura mater. 
 An abscess was detected in the Liver ; the large Intes- 
 tines were also ulcerated. 
 
 14. Dura Mater, — exhibiting absorption. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 15. Section of Brain, — exhibiting an Abscess. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory tpiattainable. 
 
 16. Section of Brain, — exhibiting an Abscess of moderate 
 
 size. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 17. Portion of Brain, — exhibiting thickening of its arachnoid 
 
 membrane. — Chatham. — Presented by Mr. Millar., Sur- 
 geon, to the Forces. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Portion of Brain, — exhibiting softening of the cortical 
 
 substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 19. Apoplectic cell in the posterior lobe of the right hemi- 
 
 sphere of the Brain. — Ibid. — Histoiy unattainable. 
 
 20. Portion of Dura Mater, — exhibiting a layer of lymph on 
 
 its outer surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From Charles Campbell, aet. 33, an out-pensioner, 
 who had served for many years in tropical climates, 
 where he had occasionally been affected with epilepsy. 
 On his return to England, he had an attack of fever, 
 after which he became deranged. On his admission 
 into the Military Lunatic Asylum, he was still subject 
 to epilepsy, the paroxysms supervening more frequently 
 
HO SENSATION. 
 
 each successive year, and always causing much violence 
 of conduct. A month before his death, the fits some- 
 times occurred as often as tliree times in the four-and- 
 twenty hours. On the morning of his decease he ap- 
 peared in good health, but suddenly expired in a strong 
 paroxysm. On dissection, the dura mater adhered firmly 
 to the calvarium, which was tiiick. The venous system 
 of the Brain was very turgid, and blood was effused be- 
 neath the arachnoid. That portion of dura mater cor- 
 responding to the left temporal bone was thickened, and 
 a large flake of dark-coloured lymph, apparently about 
 to fall into gangrene, was effused on its external surface. 
 The same appearance was observed on the dura mater 
 which lines the fossae behind the alae of the sphenoid 
 bone. The Brain itself presented nothing remarkable. 
 
 21. Two portions of Dura Mater, — exhibiting lymph on their 
 
 internal surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 22. Hemisphere of the Brain of an idiot, — exhibiting a large 
 
 apoplectic cell externally, and softening of the substance 
 miei-ndWy.— Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser^ As- 
 sistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 The subject, from whom this preparation was ob- 
 tained, was a paralytic idiot for many years. Death 
 ensued from serous apoplexy. 
 
 23. Corpus callosum Cerebri, — presenting apoplectic effusions 
 
 of small size into its substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Champley, Royal African Corps, £et. 32, 
 who had served some time in Africa, where he had been 
 affected with apoplexy. Soon after admission he com- 
 plained of headache, to which succeeded slight paralysis 
 of the arms, and incontinence of urine and IWces. Con- 
 vulsions and coma preceded his dissolution. On dissec- 
 tion, a firm fleshy tumour was found growing from the 
 inner surface of the dura mater, and the arachnoid was 
 opaque and thickened. The Spleen also presented 
 bloody coagula. (Vide No. 12. Class II. Secretion, 
 Division III.) 
 
 24. Dura Mater, — exhibiting firm, fleshy fungi from its inner 
 
 surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. The tumour 
 projected into the substance of the anterior lobe of the 
 cerebrum, the surrounding parts ol which were much 
 
DIVISION I. 141 
 
 softened. The calvarium was much thickened and con- 
 densed. 
 
 25. Apoplectic deposit in the Cerebrum. — History unattain- 
 
 able. 
 
 26. Portion of Dura Mater, — exhibiting soft, fleshy, excres- 
 
 cences from its internal surface. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Crawfurd, 12th Regiment, ctt. 37, ad- 
 mitted with constant and excruciating pain in the head, 
 having been invalided from Gibraltar for complete amau- 
 rosis of the right eye, and the same affection of the left, 
 but in a less degree : which complaints were of fourteen 
 months' duration. The pupil of the right eye was di- 
 lated, and immoveable. He died on the ninth day after 
 admission. On dissection, the Brain was found to be 
 paler than usual, and the lateral ventricles presented 
 about three ounces of fluid. The inferior portion of the 
 right anterior and middle lobes of the cerebrum was in 
 a marked state of softening, the surrounding Brain being 
 of the usual texture. Opposite to this lesion the dura 
 mater was found as presented in the preparation. (Vide 
 No. HI. Locomotion. Division I.) 
 
 2/. Portion of right lobe of the Cerebrum, — exhibiting ra- 
 mollissement ; the Dura Mater thickened, and present- 
 ing an abundant deposit of lymph on its internal surface. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Francis Smith, 25th Regiment, aet. 27. He 
 was admitted with chronic catarrh, and, soon after, be- 
 came affected with incontinence of urine, and severe pain 
 in the right eye and side of the head ; in two days more 
 he became soporose for eight-and-forty hours; and then 
 not only the right side of the head became more painful, 
 but the cheek was flushed and warmer than the other ; 
 the pupils were now contracted. At this period the left 
 side of the body was found to have become paralytic. 
 He died from an accident: a morsel of meat, having 
 become impacted in his pharynx, caused instant suflb- 
 cation. On dissection, the dura mater and arachnoid 
 included small collections of viscid pus, which were de- 
 pressed into the substance of the softened Brain, as was 
 also the eflusion of lymph from the inner surface of the 
 dura mater. The I'ight lobe of the cerebrum was softened 
 throughout ; the left was unusually dense. 
 
 28. Section of the left hemisphere of the Cerebrum, — exhibit- 
 
142 SENSATION. 
 
 ing a large, well-defined, tubercular deposit, with a de- 
 licate cellular structure existing between the Brain and 
 adventitious matter. — 7Z'?V/. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 61. and 62. Class I. 
 Hespiration. Division III., and No. 60. Class II. Di- 
 gestion. Division III. The cellular structure above 
 mentioned presented a slight yellow tinge in the recent 
 state. 
 
 29. Portion of the right hemisphere of the Cerebrum,— pre- 
 
 senting a small Tubercle. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 30. Exhibits dilatation of the foramen of Munro. — Ihid. 
 
 From the same subject as the two preceding. The 
 lateral ventricles of the Brain contained about four 
 ounces of limpid fluid. 
 
 31. Superficial sections of the hemisphere of the Cerebrum, — 
 
 exhibiting a deposit of lymph in a granular form on the 
 surface of the arachnoid. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Moore, who had been twenty-two 
 years epileptic and insane. On dissection, small fungi 
 were seen to arise from the external suriace of the dura 
 mater, and had caused corresponding depressions in the 
 internal table of the skull. The arachnoid was opaque, 
 and four ounces of fluid filled the lateral ventricles. The 
 granules in the preparation were larger and more abun- 
 dant than the gland ulae Pacchioni usually are. 
 
 32. Portion of Dura Mater, — having adhering to it a mass of 
 
 coagulable lymph, the remains of a sanguineous eff"usion 
 after maceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From John IJanniford, 44th Regiment, aet. 30, ad- 
 mitted in a state of stupor, having been intoxicated the 
 night before. A bruise was discovered behind the right 
 ear, but no irregularity of bone. He continued for a 
 week in a state of low delirium, or perfect coma, and 
 then died. On dissection, a large coagulum was found 
 between the right temporal bone and dura mater. A 
 fracture extended through the right side of the occipital 
 bone towards the foramen magnum, opposite to which 
 the base of the brain was a little lacerated ; the left or- 
 bital plate of the frontal bone was also irregularly frac- 
 tured, and on breaking up a portion of it, some coagu- 
 lated blood was found between it and the periosteum, 
 opposite to which jiart also a considerable laceration of 
 the Brain had taken place. 
 
DIVISION I. 143 
 
 33. Portion of Dura Mater, — having a thin layer of blood ef- 
 
 fused on its external surface. — Malta. — Presented hy 
 Dr. White, Assistant Surgco7i to the Forces. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of the 95th Regiment, who died 
 from the effects of a fracture of the skull. 
 
 34. Exhibits numerous spiculae of bone adhering to the falx 
 
 major. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Morrison, 10th Hussars, aet. 47, a 
 maniac. He was formerly a hard drinker, and had 
 been above two years insane ; at first violent, latterly 
 sluggish and apathetic. Twelve months before his 
 death, after an apoplectic fit, he became paralytic on 
 the left side, and lost the power of articulation, as well 
 as that of accurate progression : subsequently, he had 
 several slighter attacks, followed by aggravation of the 
 paralytic symptoms, until he became at last totally help- 
 less. On examination, the ventricles of the Brain con- 
 tained much serum ; and the apices of the Lungs were 
 filled with tubercles and vomicae. 
 
 35. Presents a Tumour connected with the Cerebellum. — 
 
 Malta. — Presented hy Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, SOth Re- 
 giment. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of fever. 
 
 36. Portion of Dura Mater destroyed by ulceration ; with 
 
 softening of the corresponding part of the Brain. — Fort 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Powell, 46th Regiment, an epileptic 
 lunatic, of taciturn, morose, and violent habits, who 
 had been twelve years insane. (Vide No. 142. Loco- 
 motion. Division I.) 
 
 37. Exhibits a small Abscess in the right lobe of the Cere- 
 
 bellum. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Brown, 29th Regiment, aet. 30, a lunatic, 
 sometimes quiet and inoffensive, at others unruly and 
 pugnacious. His bodily health was good until two 
 months before his death, when he began to complain of 
 pain in the occipital region of the head, and tinnitus 
 aurium : forty-eight hours before his death he fell into 
 a state of coma. On examination, the contents of the 
 abscess above mentioned were found to be of a cheesy 
 nature ; tubercles were detected in the right Lung, and 
 the pleura investing the left exhibited marks of recent 
 inflammatory action. 
 
144 SENSATION. 
 
 38. Small vesicular body, — situated in the anterior part of the 
 
 septum lucid um. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Fleming, a lunatic, who died of disease 
 of the Heart and oedema of the Lungs. On dissection, 
 some serum was found beneath the arachnoid, and in 
 the ventricles. 
 
 39. Portion of Brain, — exhibiting well-marked ramoUissement. 
 
 ^Ibid. 
 
 From WilHam Sutton, 80th Regiment, a^t. 38, ad- 
 mitted with hemiplegia sinistra, the result of an apo- 
 plectic fit two months before. He had regained in some 
 decree the use of tiie lower extremity, when he was cut 
 oflfby a second stroke of apoplexy. On post mortem 
 examination, the right hemisphere of the brain was 
 found to be in a very flaccid state, and a considerable 
 part of it soft and pulpy. 
 
 40. Portion of the right hemisphere of the Brain,— exhibiting 
 
 thickening of the arachnoid, and deposition of lymph 
 in a granular form. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Bailey, 7th Light Dragoons, set. 34, who 
 had been insane for a year before his death, latterly 
 noisy and violent: at this time considerable corporal 
 debility was observed, and he gradually sunk without 
 exhibiting any marked disease. It was said that he had 
 a severe fall from his horse sixteen years before. On 
 examination, strong evidence of former extensive inflam- 
 mation of the arachnoid was discovered. 
 
 41. Portion of Dura Mater,— with a layer of coagulated blood 
 
 adhering to \t.— Malta.— Presented by Mr. Smyth, As- 
 sistant Surgeon, 85/// Regiment. 
 
 From a man of the 85th Regiment, who died from 
 effusion of blood between the dura mater and cranium, 
 accompanied by fracture of the latter. 
 
 42. Portion of Brain,— exhibiting an apoplectic cell, with 
 
 extravasation of blood on the surface of the right hemi- 
 sphere. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 89. Class L Circula- 
 tion. Division L 
 
 43. Cerebellum,— exhibiting an apoplectic ceW.— Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding preparation. 
 
 44. Dura Mater, — containing a sjiicula of bone. — Corfu. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, 80/// Regiment. 
 From a soldier, a^t. 33, who died of fever. 
 
DIVISION r. 145 
 
 45. Remarkable Tumour attached to the right lobe of the Ce- 
 
 rebellum, apparently of a scrofulous nature. — Ibid. — 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 From William Howard, aet. 34, 85th Regiment, ad- 
 mitted with febrile symptoms, supposed to be excited by 
 intemperance. The fever was soon relieved, but was 
 succeeded by symptoms of delirium tremens, and con- 
 stant severe headache, principally referred to the fore- 
 head. He died about six weeks after admission. 
 
 46. Exhibits partial absorption of the falciform process of the 
 
 Dura Mater. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, 
 Rifle Brigade. 
 
 47. Exhibits an apoplectic cell in the upper part of the left 
 
 hemisphere of the Cerebrum. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Serjeant Barnes, Scotch Fusileer Guards, aet. 60, 
 a maniac, who, a year and a half previous to his death, 
 began to show symptoms of disordered intellecl, and 
 soon after had two apoplectic fits at intervals. He then 
 became decidedly insane, requiring coercion, and sub- 
 ject to various hallucinations, and so continued until his 
 admission into the Military Lunatic Asylum, ten days 
 before he died, when he was in a state of high maniacal 
 delirium, although with staggering gait, and every ap- 
 pearance of senile decrepitude. Two days afterwards 
 he became paraplegic, with involuntary discharge of 
 urine and fseces. Eventually, he expired in a fit. On 
 dissection, besides the lesion displayed in the prepara- 
 tion, there was high congestion of the cerebral vessels. 
 The stomach presented a character acutely morbid, its 
 inner surface, particularly the cardiac division, exhibit- 
 ing all varieties of colour from pink to a deep mulberry 
 hue. 
 
 48. A Hernia Cerebri, — the skin partially cicatrized over it. 
 
 —Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William Kellett, aet. 25, 71st Regiment, sent 
 home from Halifax with a pulsating ulcerated tumour 
 in the forehead, for the formation of which no cause 
 could be assigned. The disease first appeared in the 
 form of an abscess, which having been opened, the bone 
 was found carious at the bottom. As the tumour in- 
 creased, it was accompanied by headache, vertigo, and 
 much sensorial disturbance. Latterly, he became af- 
 fected with epileptic fits, in one of which he died. On 
 dissection, it was found to perforate the Os frontis by a 
 
146 SENSATION'. 
 
 circular opening, unci to have its origin in the cerebral 
 substance. (Vide Locomotion. Division I. No. 151.) 
 
 49. Cavity of the fifth ventricle of the Brain, formed in one 
 part by the anterior crura of the Fornix. — Malta. — 
 Presented hy Dr. Davy ^ Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 From an individual who died of remittent fever. No 
 history of the case was transmitted ; but it is presumed 
 that the preternatural size of the cavity has been pro- 
 duced by its distension with serous fluid effused as a 
 consequence of the fever. 
 
 Division II.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF SPINAL 
 CHORD AND NERVES. 
 
 1. Stump of the arm, — exhibiting the bulbous Tumours fre- 
 
 quently found at the extremities of the Nerves after am- 
 putation. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 35. Locomotion. Divi- 
 vision II. 
 
 2. The spinal Chord of a child, — exhibiting increased vas- 
 
 cularity. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Daxnj^ ylssistant 
 Inspector qf^ Hospitals. 
 
 From a child, thirty-eight days old, who died of 
 Pneumonia. 
 
 Division III.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 EYE. 
 
 I. Presents adhesion of the lower eye-lid to the Cornea. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No, 95. Class I. Respira- 
 tion. Division III, 
 
LOCOMOTION. 147 
 
 LOCOMOTION. 
 Division I.-DISEASED STRUCTURE OF BONE. 
 
 1. Osteo-sarcomatous Tumour, growing from the diploe of 
 
 the Os frontis. — London, — Presented by Mr. Howship. 
 
 From a female advanced in years, who had a scirrhous 
 affection of the Uterus, Vagina, and Bladder, which 
 caused her death ; for some months previous to which 
 a soft, pulpy tumour, situated on the forehead, and pro- 
 ducing a lancinating pain referred to the integuments, 
 was observed gradually to increase in size. 
 
 2. Portion of Rib, — exhibiting Caries. — Chatham.— Pre- 
 
 sented by Mr. Millar, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a patient who died of Phthisis. After death, 
 the Lungs were found tuberculated, and contained large 
 vomicae. 
 
 3. Fourth Metatarsal bone, — exhibiting Caries. — London. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. T. Berry, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 The patient, from whom this preparation was obtained, 
 had an extensive sinus in the upper part of the left foot; 
 and had been suffering from secondary syphilitic sym- 
 ptoms for fifteen months. The diseased bone was re- 
 moved by dilating the sinus, and the man recovered 
 sufficiently to resume his trade as a glass-blower. 
 
 4. Necrosed portion of lower Jaw. — Presented by Mr. Ha- 
 
 milton, Assistant Surgeo?i, llnd liegiment. 
 
 The process of exfoliation lasted fourteen months. 
 
 5. Exfoliation of part of the lower Jaw. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Reynard, S^th Regiment. 
 
 This disease was the consequence of injury in extract- 
 ing a carious tooth. 
 
 <6. Necrosed Finger. — Fort Pitt. — History iinattainable. 
 
 7. Necrosis of a portion of the Os humeri. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 8, Exfoliated portion of the lower Jaw. — Ibid. 
 
 From a child, three years of age, who had an abscess 
 L 2 
 
M-8 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 in tl)e gum, which discliarged copiously for a consider- 
 able time, when the bone exhibited in the preparation 
 was detached, and the patient did well. 
 
 9. Exhibits another specimen of similar exfoliation. — Pre- 
 sented hy Dr. Henneii, Deputy Inspector General. 
 
 10. Section of Tibia, — exhibiting the structure of the bone 
 
 underneath a carious portion of it. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient, from whom this preparation was ob- 
 tained, had undergone severe courses of mercury in 
 India, for liver complaints. The cranium and both tibiae 
 were diseased : the abdomen contained two pints of se- 
 rum ; and the Liver was tuberculated. 
 
 1 1. Lower Jaw, — exhibiting absorption in consequence of the 
 
 pressure of a Fungus. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 12. Caries of portion of the frontal bone. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 2. 
 
 13. Tibia, — exhibiting Exostosis. — History unattainable. 
 
 14. Exhibits absorption of the greater part of the head of the 
 
 Os femoris. — History unattainable. 
 
 15. Presents a section of Tibia,— showing mercurial disease. 
 
 — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 16. Abscess in the cancellous structure of the upper part of 
 
 the Tibia. — History unattainable. 
 
 17. Fibula, — exhibiting Exostosis. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Head of the Tibia, — showing irregular deposition of bony 
 
 matter. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Clitheroe, ^et. 23, 2nd Regiment, ad- 
 mitted from the West Indies. He had an attack of 
 rheumatism a month after his arrival, from which he re- 
 covered, with the exception of disease of the left knee; 
 and for this, amputation was ultimately resorted to. 
 
 19. Presents Caries of the petrous portion of the Temporal 
 
 bone. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Bodkin, 82nd Regiment, oet. 42, admitted 
 with purulent discharge from the ear, and deafness on 
 the diseased side. He died of Phthisis pulmonalis com- 
 bined with Peritonitis. On dissection, there was dis- 
 covered considerable effusion between the dura mater 
 and arachnoid, and also into the ventricles of the Brain. 
 
DIVISION I. I4l9 
 
 About an ounce of pus was found between the petrous 
 portion of the temporal bone, and dura inater. The 
 Lunp;s were tubercuhited : the peritoneum exhibited 
 signs of acute inflammation, a pint of pus being found 
 in the pelvis. 
 
 20. Sternum, — presenting Necrosis. — Albany Hospital^ Isle of 
 
 Wight. — History imattainable. 
 
 21. Tibia, — diseased, with thickened periosteum. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 The patient, from whom this preparation was obtained, 
 had taken much mercury in India, and had suffered 
 from chronic dysentery. 
 
 22. Section of Tibia, — exhibidng ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 10. 
 
 23. Portion of Sternum, — exhibiting absorption from the pres- 
 
 sure of an aneurism of the Aorta. — Presented by Mr. 
 Patterson^ Assistant Surgeon, 5'lnd Regiment. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 30. Class I. Circula- 
 tion. Division II. 
 
 24. Section of the Os femoris, — exhibiting Mollities ossium. 
 — London. — Presented by Mr. Hoivship. 
 
 Taken from a female, upwards of thirty years of age. 
 
 25. Tibia, — exhibiting extensive Caries, and loss of substance ; 
 
 apparently ravaged by Osteo-sarcoma. — History unat- 
 tainable. 
 
 26. Os Femoris, — exhibiting Necrosis of a great part of its 
 
 shaft. — History unattainable. 
 
 27. Parietal Bones, — exhibiting extensive exfoliation. — York 
 
 Hospital, Chelsea. 
 
 From William Hall, 16th Light Dragoons, admitted 
 under the head of Syphilis consecutiva, having lost his 
 penis and palate bones. He had been treated for vene- 
 real complaints two years previously ; and stated that he 
 had been salivated many times. 
 
 28. Portion of Skull, — presenting Caries of the frontal bone, 
 
 the effect of scrofula. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 29. Upper part of the Os humeri, — exhibiting Osteo-sarcoma. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. iVatson, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 30. Cranium, — exhibiting ulceration; bones of the palate and 
 
 nose destroyed. — Fort Pitt. 
 
150 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 From John Priestley, 53rd Regiment, aet. 40, ad- 
 mitted on arrival from India, where he had served fifteen 
 years. His right tibia had been fractured on the pas- 
 sage home, and had not united. He had not suffered 
 from any venereal complaint for the last twelve years, 
 but had undergone five salivations, for the cure of dys- 
 entery and remittent fever, within the last three. He 
 died completely worn out. (Vide Fasciculus of Anato- 
 mical Drawings from the Museum of the Army Medical 
 Department, Plate V. fig. 2.) 
 
 31. Cranium, — exhibiting extensive ulceration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Young, 2nd Regiment, set. 32, who 
 had been, for the last five years, in the West Indies, 
 where he had repeated attacks of ague and dysentery, 
 and was five times salivated. He affirmed that he had 
 never been affected with the venereal disease. He had 
 also enlargement of the elbow-joint. (Vide the same, 
 Plate V. figs. 3 and 4.) 
 
 32. Cranium, — exhibiting ulceration of the Os frontis, and 
 
 bones of the face. — Ibid. 
 
 From Donald M'Donald, who, being affected with a 
 bubo, which sloughed extensively, underwent two courses 
 of mercury, the last of three months' duration. Pains 
 in the head and limbs, livid eruption, and desquamating 
 ulcers followed. Those on the forehead were extensive. 
 In two years from the first appearance of the bubo, his 
 complaints yielded, and he left the hospital well ; but 
 returned four months afterwards with ascites and ana- 
 sarca, under which complaints he sunk. (Vide the same, 
 Plate IV. fig. 1.) 
 
 33. Section of Tibia, — thickened, and showing interstitial ab- 
 
 sorption. — Ibid. 
 
 The effect of mercury. 
 
 34. Arm, — Radius and Ulna thickened by irregular deposition 
 
 of bony matter ; absorption of the cartilages of the 
 elbow-joint. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Duffield, 16th Lancers, who attributed 
 his malady to venesection, two years before, in India. 
 On admission, there was an open abscess near the elbow; 
 the entire arm was swollen, indurated, and painful, the 
 principal thickening being in the course of, and directly 
 over, the Ulna and Radius; the elbow admitted of 
 
DIVIf-JION I, 
 
 limited motion, but tljc wrist and jfingers were incapable 
 of the least action. The arm was removed in conse- 
 quence of serious constitutional disturbance. 
 
 35. Caries of the second phalanx of the middle Finger. — 
 
 London. — Presented by Mr. T. Berry, Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 Removed when in a state of gangrene, the result of 
 neglected Paronychia. 
 
 36. Tibia and Fibula, — exhibiting Nodes. 
 
 Said to be the effect of mercury. 
 
 37. Bones of the Leg, — thickened and ulcerated. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 32. 
 
 38. Tibia, — exhibiting a Node on its posterior aspect. — Ibid. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 39. Tibia, — thickened by irregular deposition of bony matter. 
 
 ^Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier who had Syphilis, for the cure of 
 which he had used much mercury. 
 
 40. Tibia, — exhibiting thickening, by bony matter, of the 
 
 middle of the shaft ; with ulceration of the inner Mal- 
 leolus. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, who had been five times salivated for 
 venereal complaints. 
 
 41. Portion of Tibia, — thickened and consolidated. 
 
 From a soldier, who had undergone repeated courses 
 of mercury for syphilitic, and other complaints. 
 
 42. Tibia, — exhibiting irregular deposition of new osseous 
 
 matter. 
 
 Reported to have been produced by mercury. 
 
 43. Tibia, — exhibiting Nodes. 
 
 From a man who had undergone repeated ptyalisms 
 for lues venerea. 
 
 44. Tibia and Fibula, — exhibiting irregular deposition of bony 
 
 matter, with ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 Said to be the result of the use of mercury. 
 
 45. Tibia, — exhibiting partial thickening. — Ibid. 
 
 The cranium of the subject from whom this was re- 
 moved was ulcerated. He had taken much mercury 
 for rheumatic affections, but no mention is made of his 
 evor having had Syphilis. 
 
J 52 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 46. Tibia and Fibula,— exhibiting irregular thickening, with 
 
 ulceration. — History unattainahle. 
 
 47. Tibia and Fibula,— presenting Nodes and extensive Caries. 
 
 —Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Burns, 29th Regiment, whose cranium 
 was affected in a similar manner. On his admission, ele- 
 vated blotches, of a livid colour, were observed over his 
 body ; he had ulcerated throat; and had undergone eight 
 courses of mercury. (Vide Fasciculus of Anatomical 
 Drawings from the Museum of the Army Medical De- 
 partment. Plate III. fig. 3.) 
 
 48. Tibia and Fibula, — exhibiting thickening, with points of 
 
 ulceration. — History unattainable. 
 
 49. Humerus, — exhibiting partial Necrosis, and extensive os- 
 
 seous deposition. (Vide Fasciculus of Anatomical Draw- 
 ings from the Museum of the Army Medical Depart- 
 ment. Plate VII. fig. 3.) — History unattainable. 
 
 50. Slight deposition of bony matter on the inferior part of 
 
 the Fibula. — History unattainable. 
 
 51. Tibia and Fibula, — irregularly thickened by new osseous 
 
 matter.— Fori; Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who had undergone repeated saliva- 
 tions for rheumatism, and venereal disease. 
 
 52. Tibia, — ulcerated: irregular deposition of new bony matter 
 
 round the ulcers. — Ibid. 
 
 Reported to be the effect of mercury. 
 
 53. Tibia, — exhibiting ulceration and thickening. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as Nos. 10 and 22. 
 
 54. Tibia, — exhibiting deposition of new bony matter; the 
 
 bone much consolidated. — Ibid. 
 
 55. Portion of Tibia, — exhibiting fracture from interstitial ab- 
 
 sorption. 
 
 56. Os humeri, — ulcerated. — History unattainable. 
 
 57. Thickening and consolidation of the superior half of the 
 
 Radius.— i^or^ Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 51. 
 
 58. Radius, — thickened, consolidated, and ulcerated.— His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
DIVISION I. 1.53 
 
 59. Ulceration, with irregular deposition of bony matter, on 
 
 the distal lialf ofthe Os humeri. — History unattainable. 
 
 60. Os Humeri and Ulna, — exhibiting ulceration and irre- 
 gular deposition of bony substance. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who had been twice salivated for Sy- 
 philis, and five times for other diseases. 
 
 61. Radius thickened and consolidated. — Ibid. 
 
 Reported to have been produced by mercury. 
 
 62. Ulceration of the Os humeri near its distal extremity. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 63. Os Femoris, — exhibiting ulceration, with irregular de- 
 
 position of new bony matter. — Ibid. 
 
 Reported to be a sequela of lues, which was treated 
 by extensive use of mercury. 
 
 64. Trochanter major femoris, — exhibiting ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 Produced by bed-sore. 
 
 65. Portion ofthe lower part of the Os femoris, — presenting 
 
 Exostosis. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the ulcerated cranium, 
 No. 31. 
 
 ^SQ>. Caries of the distal extremities of the bones of the leg, 
 with thickening and consolidation of the Tibia. — Ibid. 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 QiJ . Tibia, — exhibiting superficial Necrosis, and the commence- 
 ment of the process of exfoliation ; the line of disjunction 
 being distinctly visible. — History unattainable. 
 
 68. Trochanter major femoris, — exhibiting ulceration, and de- 
 
 position of new bony matter. — History unattainable. 
 
 69. Calvarium, — exhibiting incipient ulceration of both tables. 
 
 —Fort Pitt. 
 
 Supposed to be the effect of mercury. 
 
 70. Ulceration of the internal table of the skull. — Ibid. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 71. Another specimen of ulceration of the internal table of 
 
 the skull. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 72. Presents absorption of the internal table of the skull. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 These depressions are the effect of the pressure of 
 Funjri from the dura inaler. 
 
15'i LOCOMOTION. 
 
 73. Anotlier specimen of absorption of tlie inner table of the 
 
 skull, from the same cause. — Ibid. 
 
 74. Skull-cap, — exhibiting ulceration of both tables. — Ibid. 
 
 Reported to be the effect of mercury. 
 
 75. Portion of Cranium, — exhibiting ulceration of the external 
 
 table. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 JQ. Portion of Cranium, — thickened and consolidated, and 
 exhibiting ulceration of both tables. 
 
 JJ. Skull-cap, — much thickened and consolidated, and exhibit- 
 ing defined ulcerations extending through both tables. 
 
 78. Ulceration of a portion of the Os frontis, with Necrosis. 
 — North America. — History unattainable. 
 
 79. Anchylosis of the Atlas to the Os occipitis. — Portsmouth. 
 
 — Presented, by Dr. Hetmen, Deputy Inspector General 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 From a Negro, who died of Phthisis. He never com- 
 plained of any inconvenience from this anormal struc- 
 ture, during life. 
 
 80. Ulceration of both tables of the Cranium, and of the upper 
 
 Jaw-bone. — History unattainable. 
 
 81. Ulceration of both tables of the Skull; with a depression 
 
 in the Os frontis, denoting the site of a former ulcer. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 82. Skull-cap, — exhibiting depressions, denoting the site of 
 
 old ulcers. 
 
 Reported to be the result of the use of mercury. 
 
 83. Presents ulceration of the external table of the Os frontis. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 84. Exhibits tumefaction of the superior maxillary bones. — 
 
 Sierra Leone. — Presented by Dr. S'wecriy, Deputy In- 
 spector GeJicral of Hospitals. 
 
 The cranium is, apparently, that of a Negress. 
 
 85. Cranium, — exhibiting thickening and consolidation. — Port 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From John Tupinger, 60th Regiment, set. 42, who 
 died of dropsy. 
 
 86. Cranium,— presenting exfoliation of the posterior part of 
 
 the alveolar process of the right sujierior maxillary bone. 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 SJ. Absorption of the bony palate, and portions of the ujiper 
 Jaw, and Malar bone^. — Ibid. 
 
DIVISION I. 1.55 
 
 From John Blackwood, aet. 39, 1st Veteran Battalion, 
 admitted with Carcinoma of the face : a large fungous 
 zone was situated over the right cheek, and connected 
 with the antrum of the same side. He, at length, died 
 greatly emaciated. (Vide Drawing, No. 76.) 
 
 88. Cranium, — exhibiting absorption of part of the bones of 
 
 the face. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 This absorption was the result of pressure of Polypus 
 nasi. The patient, John Hobhouse, died of pulmonic 
 disease. (Vide Drawing, No. 75.) 
 
 89. Presents absorption of the right half of the lower Jaw. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 Produced by the pressure of a carcinomatous fungus. 
 
 90. Cranium, — exhibiting Necrosis of part of the superior 
 
 Jaw-bone, the necrosed portion nearly separated by dis- 
 junctive absorption; the bony palate and part of the 
 orbits having exfoliated. — Presented by Dr. Kiimis, As- 
 sistant Surgeon to the Forces. — History unattainable. 
 
 91. Presents the effect of Abscess in the posterior superior 
 
 spine of the Os ilii. — History unattainable. 
 
 92. Ulceration of the internal table of the skull ; a defined 
 
 aperture communicating with the surface. — History un- 
 attainable. 
 
 93. Portion of Cranium, — exhibiting ulceration of the Malar 
 
 bone and zygoma.. — History unattainable. 
 
 94. Presents ulceration of both tables of the Cranium. — His- 
 
 tory unattainable. 
 
 95. Tibia, — exhibiting Necrosis. — Presented by Mr. O'Brien. 
 
 History u?iattai?iable. 
 
 96. Exfoliated portions of Frontal bone. — Chatham. 
 
 From Serjeant Philip Conway, Sith Regiment, aet. 35, 
 who, three years prior to his admission into hospital, 
 had been affected with pain in the forehead, succeeded 
 by a hard tumour over the Os frontis, which suppurated 
 slowly, and two years after the commencement of the 
 complaint was punctured, when the bone underneath was 
 found to be denuded. In course of time the necrosed 
 bone exfoliated. At the commencement of the exfolia- 
 tion, the cerebral pulsation was visibly communicated to 
 the pus contained in the hollows of the diseased bone. 
 
156 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 This man recovered. He had three times in his life been 
 under the influence of mercury. (Vide Cast, No. 2.) 
 
 97. Caries of the upper part of the Sternum and first Rib, 
 
 with deposition of scrofulous matter in the neighbour- 
 hood of the ulceration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 29. Class II. Secretio7i. 
 Division IV. 
 
 98. Cranium, — exhibiting various degrees of deficiency, total 
 
 and partial, of a large portion of its parietes, chiefly from 
 exfoliation. — Barbadoes. — Presented hy Mr. Gimning^ 
 Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 From an African Negro, a maniac, with occasional 
 violent paroxysms. He had, for four years, been affected 
 with disease of the Cranium, the consequence ot a sabre- 
 wound on the left parietal bone ; and many large pieces 
 of bone exfoliated at different times. 
 
 99. Sternum, — exhibiting Necrosis. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From George Dow, set. 24, who, on his arrival from 
 North America, had necrosed Sternum, strumous ab- 
 scesses in different parts of the body, and hectic fever; 
 from the effects of which, together with pulmonary con- 
 sumption, he soon sunk. On dissection, the Lungs were 
 pervaded by tubercular deposition, and vomicae; and 
 the intestinal canal was in many places affected with 
 tubercular ulceration. 
 
 100. Os temporalis, — exhibiting ulceration of the bony walls 
 
 of the meatus, and mastoid process. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Bean, 42nd Regiment, ait. 30, admitted 
 with Phthisis pulmonalis, of which he died. He had 
 been very deaf for six months previous to admission, 
 which complaint he attributed to cold ; and had copious 
 purulent discharge from both ears. After death, it was 
 found that an abscess situated in the mastoid process 
 communicated with the internal ear, and that the mem- 
 brana tympani, and all the ossicula auditus, except the 
 stapes, had been destroyed by ulceration. 
 
 101 . Portion of the left Temporal bone, — presenting the same 
 
 disease, the ulceration of bone in the internal meatus 
 being rather more extensive. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 102. Portion of Cranium, — exhibiting death and complete ex- 
 
 foliation of the greater part of the Os fronlis. — Bcn<iaL 
 — Presented hij" Dr. Broii'n, Surgeon. Slth licgimcnt. 
 
DIVISION I. 157 
 
 From N. Reily, aet. 29, who had been affected with 
 an ulcer of the corona glandis penis. Mercury beino- 
 given in sufficient quantity to produce ptyahsm, the 
 prepuce sloughed, and the parts healed. In a short 
 time, however, he complained of pain in the bones, and 
 was again put under a mercurial course. As the dis- 
 ease advanced to its fatal termination, he had a node 
 on the tibia, and an ulcer on the thigh, in addition to 
 the ulceration denoting the disease of the frontal bone. 
 
 103. Section of an osteo-cartilaginous Tumour of the Fino-er. 
 
 The tumour arises from the first phalanx, and is com- 
 posed of a firm cartilaginous structure, with spiculee of 
 bone shooting into it: the shell of the bone at its root 
 is absorbed, and the osseous fungus arises from the 
 cancelli. — History unattainable. 
 
 104. The corresponding section of the same Tumour. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 105. Tibia, — exhibiting considerable thickening of the peri- 
 
 osteum of the inner side. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who had been salivated for visceral 
 and venereal diseases. He ultimately died of scurvy, 
 contracted during his voyage home from the East 
 Indies. 
 
 106. Stilo-hyoid Ligament, — in the centre of which is situated 
 
 a distinct spicula of bone. — Ibid. 
 
 From a soldier, in whose neck this spicula of bone 
 was found, between the angle of the inferior jaw and 
 posterior belly of the digastric muscle; a distinct liga- 
 mentous substance, about an inch in length, intervening 
 between it and the stiloid process. 
 
 107. Section of an osteo-sarcomatous Tumour, which extended 
 
 between the first and second ribs, — made up of a very 
 soft fleshy deposit, with spiculas of bone growing into 
 it from the centre of those bones. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 30. Class II. Secretion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 108. Section of the Os femoris, — presenting considerable 
 
 shortening of its neck, and abundant deposition of ca- 
 seous matter in the cancellous structure of the bone : 
 the head is approximated to the shaft, and depressed 
 very considerably below the trochanter major. — Ibid. 
 
158 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 From John Fox, aet. 32, 35th Regiment, who died 
 of tubercular Phthisis. He had been under treatment 
 in the West Indies for fistulae near the rectum. Some 
 time after admission, it was discovered that the circum- 
 ference of the right thigh was not so great as that of 
 the left by two inches; and he subsequently complained 
 of pain in the affected limb, wliich he attributed to a 
 fall received some years before in the Island of Nevis. 
 (Vide Division II. No. 31.) 
 
 109. Pelvis, — exhibiting the devastations of Osteo-sarcoma in 
 
 the Ossa Ilii, and Sacrum. — Ibid. 
 
 The tumours, situated where the substance of the 
 bones is destroyed, were composed of a yellowish spongy 
 structure, interspersed with numerous osseous spiculae. 
 From the same subject as No. 106. 
 
 110. Calvarium, — exhibiting tortuous linear elevations in the 
 
 tabula vitrea. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Fitzgerald, aet. 25, who had been sub- 
 ject to repeated attacks of epilepsy. Soon after his atl- 
 mission into the General Hospital, the left upper extre- 
 mity became paralytic, to which succeeded hemiplegia 
 of the whole of the same side, low delirium, and death. 
 On dissection, granular depositions were seen on the 
 dura mater, corresponding to indentations on the inner 
 table of the skull; and an abscess was detected in the 
 posterior lobe of the right hemisphere of the Brain. 
 The left pleural sac contained serum, and was coated 
 with lymph ; and two cysts, containing purulent matter, 
 were situated in the left Lung, which was much con- 
 solidated. The abscesses were unaccompanied by any 
 tubercular deposit. 
 
 111. Calvarium,— thickened, consolidated, and exhibiting ex- 
 
 tensive ulceration of the external table; the diploe ob- 
 literated by osseous deposit. — London. —Presented by 
 Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 Taken from a man who died of epilepsy. 
 
 1 1*2. Portion of Cranium, — exhibiting Caries of the Superior 
 maxillary bone, and extciusive absorption of the cribri- 
 form plate of the Ethmoid bone: part of the alveolar 
 process is necrosed, and nearly detached from the sur- 
 rounding jxirts: the Ethmoid and left Malar bones have 
 also undergone some degree of simple absorption, or 
 erosion. 
 
DIVISION I. 159 
 
 From the same subject as No. 27. Senscttioji. Divi- 
 sion 1. 
 
 113. Os innominatum, — exhibiting in some parts the ravages 
 
 of Osteo-sarcoma ; in others ulceration, and consider- 
 able deposition of new bony matter. — BrightoJi. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Riach, Assistant Surgeon^ \Oth Hussars. 
 From James Minahan, set. 23, 10th Hussars, who 
 had been affected with osteo-sarcomatous disease in 
 the left thigh, which, in a year, proved fatal. On dis- 
 section, it was discovered that the os innominatum was 
 also involved in this extensive degeneration. Its peri- 
 osteum was thickened, and easily detached. 
 
 114. Section of a Rib, — exhibiting dilatation of its parietes, 
 
 and medullary deposit into its cancellous structure. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 30. Class II. Secretion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 1 15. Rib, — presenting many bony spiculee, and destruction of 
 
 its osseous structure. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. The in- 
 tervals between these spicnlse were occupied by soft, 
 fleshy, matter. 
 
 116. Osteo-sarcomatous Tumour, from the upper part of the 
 
 left Thigh-bone. — Brighton. — Presented by Dr. Riach, 
 AssistoTit Surgeon, lOt/i Hi4ssars. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 112. The superior 
 portion of this bone, for seven inches of its lengtli, 
 was engaged in the origin and growth of the tumour. 
 Its head remained attached to the acetabulum by 
 the round ligament, but had no connexion whatever 
 with the shaft, the neck having entirely disappeared 
 amidst the vast mass of disease : the lower part was 
 healthy. 
 
 11/. Head and body of the Thigh-bone, from which the 
 osteo-sarcomatous tumour forming the subject of the 
 last preparation had its origin ; exhibiting destruction, 
 partial or entire, of the neck, head, and trochanters, 
 and deposit of adventitious bone on the shaft. — Ibid. — 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as Nos. 112 and 115. 
 
 118. Presents Caries of the head and trochanter major of 
 the left Thigh-bone. — History unattainable. 
 
160 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 1 19. Presents an Exostosis from the upper and inner part of 
 
 the Os humeri. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Samuel BrufF, Royal African Corps, oet. 32, 
 who was admitted, soon after his arrival from the Coast 
 of Africa, (where he had served four years and a half,) 
 with pain, swelling, and tension of his right arm, 
 brought on, as he supposed, by over-exertion in digging, 
 and aggravated by working at the Garrison pumps. 
 The tumefaction still continuing, and being confined 
 to the upper arm, although no distinct fluctuation was 
 perceptible, it was deemed advisable to make an inci- 
 sion in the most prominent part, which was done, with- 
 out giving vent to any discharge. This was quickly 
 followed by gangrene, and death. On inspection of the 
 interior of the tumour, a large mass of dark coaguluni 
 was observed, in the midst of which was a cavit}', 
 containing two or three ounces of coagulable lymph : 
 the surrounding cellular membrane was mucli infil- 
 trated with grumous blood. The brachial artery was 
 pervious and sound to about the middle of its course, 
 when it became contracted in its calibre, and contained 
 loose fibrine. The vein was also diminished in size at 
 the same part, where it had likewise changed its colour 
 and texture. These vessels were so agglutinated, that 
 great difficulty was experienced in tracing and exa- 
 mining them. On removing the soft parts, the exosto- 
 sis was discovered, with its sharp and rough edge op- 
 posed to the diseased portion of the blood-vessels. 
 
 120. Portion of Tibia and Fibula, — exhibiting Caries of their 
 
 inferior extremities. — Ibid. 
 
 From Arthur Armstrong, 5th Dragoon Guards, 
 £et. 23, admitted with Fungus haematodes of the great 
 toe, which he attributed to a contusion, caused by his 
 foot slipping from the manger on to the edge of a 
 bucket, about a twelvemonth before. On admission, 
 there was an enormous, cauliflower-shaped, fungous 
 excrescence, growing from the under part of the great 
 toe; its surface was covered with a foul black crust, 
 the removal of any part of which gave rise to haemor- 
 rhage. The upper parts of the foot being apparently 
 in an unhealthy state, the limb was successl'ully ampu- 
 tated above the ankle, when the morbid condition of 
 the two bones which form the subject of the preparation 
 was discovered. (Vide Class VI. No. 32.; and Paint- 
 ing, No. 18.) 
 
DIVISION I. 161 
 
 121. Caries of the upper extremity of the Fibula, the head of 
 
 tlie bone being entirely destroyed. — Ibid. 
 
 From Thomas Bond, 2nd Foot, aet. 25, admitted 
 with ulcers on the outer part of the right leg, below 
 the knee, communicating with the head of the Fibula, 
 which was carious, and ultimately exfoliated. He died 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis. After death, the disease of the 
 Fibula was found to be entirely unconnected with any 
 morbid condition of the knee-joint. 
 
 122. Os Femoris, — exhibiting curvature, and Necrosis of the 
 
 entire shaft, with abundant deposition of new osseous 
 matter. — Presented hy Mr. Hermen, Assistmit Surgeo?i, 
 57 ih Regiment. 
 
 Found in a church-yard in Scotland. 
 
 123. Cranium, — exhibiting considerable flattening on the left 
 
 side of its vertex. — Ibid. 
 
 From Evan Owens, 31st Regiment, set. 31, who died 
 of Ascites. Nothing is known of his intellectual powers 
 worthy of remark. 
 
 124. Clavicle, — become carious from the pressure of an aneu- 
 
 rismal tumour. — Malta. — Prese/ited by Dr. Portelli. 
 
 From a Maltese, ast. 40, who died from rupture of 
 an aneurism of the right subclavian artery. 
 
 125. Extensive Caries of the parts of the Thigh-bone con- 
 
 nected with the knee-joint; with abundant and univer- 
 sal deposit of new bone on the adjoining shaft. — Ibid. 
 — Presented by Dr. fVkite, Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 From a soldier of the 95th Regiment, whose thigh 
 was amputated on account of this disease. The case 
 proved fatal, after a ligature had been placed on the 
 femoral artery for secondary hemorrhage. (Vide 
 No. 55. Class I. Circulation. Division II.; and No. 8. 
 Division III.) 
 
 126. Cranium, — exhibiting extensive Caries of the external 
 
 table.— i^o;-/ Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 47. (Vide Fasciculus 
 of Anatomical Drawings, from the Museum of the 
 Army Medical Department, Plate III. Figs. 1. and 2.) 
 
 127- Cranium, — exhibiting two erosions, which have pene- 
 trated the left parietal bone, corresponding with tu- 
 
162 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 mours of the Dura mater. — Gibraltar. — Presented by 
 Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a Lascar, who died of Pneumonia. His com- 
 panions stated that he had formerly met with a severe 
 fall from the mast of a ship, which stunned him at the 
 moment, but that he never afterwards made any com- 
 plaint of injury to his head. 
 
 128. Cranium, — exhibiting deficiency of part of the Frontal 
 
 and Sphenoid bones. — Fort Pitt. — History unattain- 
 able. 
 
 129. Exhibits erosion of the inner table of the Skull-cap. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 130. Calvarium, — presenting erosion, and deposition of os- 
 
 seous matter on the inner table of the Os frontis. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 131. Skull-cap, — exhibiting deficiency of the right frontal 
 
 sinus. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 132. Upper part of the Os femoris, — exhibiting Caries of the 
 
 trochanter major. 
 
 From Serjeant William Hobbs, aet. 39, 40th Regi- 
 ment: the result of long-continued bed-sores. 
 
 133. Extensive Caries of the left Superior maxillary bone. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 134. Sternum, — exhibiting malformation. — Ibid. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 135. Caries, and deposition of osseous matter at the lower 
 
 and back part of the Os {emovls.— Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 60. Class I. Circula- 
 tion. Division II. 
 
 136. Presents Caries of both trochanters of the left Os femoris, 
 
 with surrounding deposition of new osseous matter. — 
 Presented by Dr. Williams^ Assistant Surgeo7i, 68tk 
 Hegiment. 
 
 Besides the disease exhibited in the preparation, there 
 was found ulceration of the acetabulum, with destruc- 
 tion of the ligamentum teres, and a considerable part of 
 the capsular ligament. 
 
 137. Portion of Os frontis, — exhibiting much erosion of the 
 
 inner table of the bone, with deposit of osseous matter. 
 — History imuttainable. 
 
DIVISION I. 163 
 
 J38. Exhibits an Exostosis (or splint) from the leg of a horse. 
 — Bengal. — Presented hi/ Captam Squire. 
 
 139. Caries of the right Elbow-joint, the external condyle of 
 
 the Os humeri being wholly destroyed. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Burke^ Lispector General of Hospitals. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 140. Exhibits Caries of the Sternum, near the right sterno- 
 
 clavicular articulation, with ulceration of the sternal end 
 of the right Clavicle. —Ibid. — Presented by the same. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 141. Presents deficiency of a great part of the palatine plates 
 
 of the Superior maxillary bones, and considerable ero- 
 sion of both tables of the Frontal bones. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Corporal James Simcock, 38th Regiment, 
 aet. 33, who had served fourteen years in India, where 
 he had suffered from a complication of rheumatic and 
 syphilitic affections. He died of a subacute attack of 
 Pneumonia, after his constitution had been entirely 
 broken up by the ravages of a pseudo-syphilitic affec- 
 tion among the joints and bones. 
 
 142. Tibia, — exhibiting a node. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Ultigan, 14th Regiment, a maniac, who 
 died of Phthisis pulmonalis. Nothing is known respect- 
 ing the subject of the present preparation. 
 
 143. Skull-cap,— exhibiting a fissurein the right Parietal bone, 
 
 with irregular deposit of osseous matter on the inner 
 table. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 35. Sensation. Divi- 
 sion I. 
 
 144. Skull-cap, — exhibiting great attenuation of the upper 
 
 part of the Parietal bones, with slight perforations. 
 (Vide Division IV. No. Q1.^— Presented by Dr. Scott, 
 Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. — History unattainable. 
 
 145. Caries of the Tibia. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant Stannard, -iSth Regiment, aet. 32, an 
 emaciated and cachectic subject, why died of dropsy of 
 the pericardium and pleural cavities; having, for nine 
 months, been affected with sloughing ulceration in the 
 left leg, which succeeded erysipelas and abscess. 
 
 146. Upper part of the Thigh-bone, with extensive osseous 
 
 deposit round the trochanter, and great consolidation 
 M 2 
 
164 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 of its substance. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Connelly 
 Assistant Surgeon., Rifle Brigade. — Hidory iwattain- 
 able. 
 
 147. Tibia, — exhibiting irregular and extensive deposition of 
 
 new bony matter. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Fi'om John M'Mahon, 1st Regiment, admitted with 
 chronic dysentery, of which he died. Two years pre- 
 viously he had been affected with primary syphilis, and 
 subsequently had an attack of fever, after which nu- 
 merous ulcerations broke out in various parts of his 
 body. 
 
 148. Left Radius and Ulna, — exhibiting irregular osseous de- 
 
 posits. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 149. Cranium, — presenting extensive ulceration of both tables, 
 
 in one part amounting to entire perforation, also ulce- 
 rative destruction of part of the Vomer and Ossa spon- 
 giosa. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 98. Class II. Diges- 
 tion. Division III. The patient had been long affected 
 with chronic pains in the head, particularly severe 
 about the forehead and frontal sinuses: he was also 
 subject to epistaxis, and large foetid coagula often es- 
 caped from the left nostril ; he had also insomnium, 
 with great depression of spirits. No external appear- 
 ance of injury or disease was ever detected in the fore- 
 head, or scalp. 
 
 J 50. Tibia, — exhibiting irregular deposition of bony matter, 
 with ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Murphy, 65th Regiment, who had 
 been long subject to rheumatism, particularly in the 
 larger joints. On admission, he was very much ema- 
 ciated, and had two paroxysms of intermittent fever, 
 after the last of which he gradually became exhausted, 
 and died. 
 
 151. Exhibits extensive scrofulous disease in the bones and 
 
 articulations of the Foot and Ankle. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Croker, 87th Regiment, a^t. 21, whose 
 leg was amputated successfully on account of this state 
 of parts. 
 
 152. Large circular foramen in the Os frontis. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Kellet, 71st Regiment, a^t. 25, ad- 
 
DIVISION I. 165 
 
 mitted with a Hernia cerebri, of considerable magni- 
 tude, to which this foramen gave exit. He, at length, 
 died under reiterated attacks of epilepsy. 
 
 153. Cranium, — exhibiting ulceration of the Os frontis, with 
 
 loss of the Ethmoid and Palate bones from the same 
 cause. — Ibid. 
 
 From William Merrit, 53rd Regiment, set. 22, ad- 
 mitted with scrofulous enlargement of the knee-joints, 
 rheumatic pains, a malignant ulcer on the nose, (which 
 had already destroyed the right ala,) and an ill-condi- 
 tioned phagedenic ulcer on the forehead. Small por- 
 tions of bone were at various times ejected from the 
 nose. Subsequently, the left ear discharged pus pro- 
 fusely, his extremities became oedematous, and he was 
 attacked with erysipelas in the head. He died, finally, 
 of tubercular suppuration of the left Lung. He had 
 formerly been affected with a protracted venereal affec- 
 tion, for which he had been subjected to the influence 
 of mercury. 
 
 154. Scapula, — exhibiting Caries of various parts. 
 
 From Henry Woolger, 53rd Regiment, aet. 24, a 
 scrofulous subject, sent home from Gibraltar with deep- 
 seated ulceration in the left shoulder and arm, commu- 
 nicating externally by long sinuses. From these a pro- 
 fuse discharge took place, inducing hectic fever, and a 
 train of symptoms, which, after a protracted suffering, 
 terminated in death. On dissection, there was observed 
 increased vascularity of the membranes of the Brain, 
 and effusion of serum beneath them, and in the ventri- 
 cles. A sinus ran from the ulcer on the left shoulder, 
 under the clavicle, and another on the outer and upper 
 part of the same arm, communicating with the first; 
 the two nearly embraced the head of the Os humeri. 
 
 155. Extensive Caries of the neck and adjacent parts of the 
 
 Os humeri. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 156. Clavicle, — exhibiting destruction of its scapular extre- 
 
 mity from Caries. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 155. 
 
 157- Necrosis of the inferior end of the Tibia, — sequestrum 
 visible. — Ibid. 
 
 From Serjeant-Major Robert Legge, aet. 49, 2nd 
 Dragoon Guards. Nine months previous to admission, 
 
166 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 without apparent cause, he became affected with in- 
 flammation in the left leg, which, soon degenerating 
 into ulceration, disclosed diseased bone, and ultimately 
 assumed so formidable an aspect as to render his dis- 
 charge from the service imperative. On admission, the 
 ulcer was very extensive and foul, discharging pro- 
 fusely, with dead bone perceptible at the bottom. Three 
 months afterwards the limb was attacked by erysipelas, 
 which extending rapidly above the knee, a very high 
 amputation was resorted to, and the result was most 
 successful. 
 
 Division II.-DISEASED STRUCTURE OF JOINTS 
 AND BURS^. 
 
 1. Hip-joint, — the cartilages absorbed, and bones carious. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 2. Ulceration of the bones of the Hip-joint. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Robert Cooper, 10th Hussars, admitted with 
 morbus coxarius, produced by a fall from his horse, 
 when in France. He was twenty months under treat- 
 ment, deprived of locomotion, before he died. 
 
 3. Elbow-joint, — exhibiting ulceration of the cartilage, ex- 
 
 tending to the bone, — Ibid. — History nnattainable. 
 
 4. Hip-joint,— exhibiting deposition of lymph, and ulcera- 
 
 tion of the head of the Os femoris, with separation of 
 its cartilage. — Presented by Mr. Eagen, Assistant Su7-- 
 geo7i, 19th Lancers. 
 
 From Thomas Stevens, 19lh Lancers, admitted with 
 pain in the left hip and knee. He stated that, three 
 months before, he first felt his hip painful, in consequence 
 of having kicked his foot against some inequality in the 
 ground. The case proved fatal, after a treatment of nine 
 weeks. 
 
 5. Bonesof the Shoulder-joint, — exhibiting ulceration. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Butt, 8th Hussars, admitted with many 
 large ulcers in the shoulder and side, comnmnicating 
 
DIVISION II. 167 
 
 with the bones and joint of the former, which he as- 
 cribed to a fall from his horse. He died hectic. 
 
 6. Ankle-joint, — exhibiting thickeninjr of the synovial mem- 
 
 brane, and effusion of lymph. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Hanlow, aet. ^i, 4 1st Regiment, who, 
 about a year previous to admission, had been stung on 
 the outer malleolus by a venomous insect in India, the 
 wound from which had degenerated into an ulcer. After 
 his arrival in England, great tumefaction of the foot took 
 place, and the slightest motion occasioned exquisite pain. 
 Five incisions made on both sides of the joint produced 
 only temporary relief. The constitutional symptoms at 
 length becoming urgent, and indicative of danger to the 
 patient's life, amputation was performed, with successful 
 result. 
 
 7. Knee-joint, — exhibiting thickening of the synovial mem- 
 
 brane, and effusion of lymph. 
 
 8. Bones of the Knee-joint, — exhibiting ulceration, with irre- 
 
 gular deposition of osseous matter. — Ibid, 
 
 From the same subject as No. 21. Class II. Digestion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 9. Hip-joint, — exhibiting absorption of the synovial mem- 
 
 brane and cartilage. — Ibid. 
 
 The disease was attributed by the patient to a fall, 
 eight months before admission into hospital. 
 
 10. Hip-joint, — showing absorption of part of the head of the 
 
 Os femoris, and ulceration of the acetabulum and Ilium. 
 — York Hospital^ Chelsea. 
 
 From John Ferrol, 11th Light Dragoons, who was 
 admitted with pain in the hip, of twelve months' dura- 
 tion. Suppuration took place in the joint, and the case 
 proved fatal. 
 
 11. Hand, — exhibiting abundant deposition of Chalk-stones, 
 
 the effect of gout. — Presented by Mr. Galeani, Assistant 
 Surgeon, ^3rd Regiment. 
 
 From an Officer, 35th Regiment, ait. 45, of temperate 
 habits, who had undergone much active service. He was 
 for some years before his death much affected with gout: 
 many balls of chalk were removed from his hands ; and 
 he could write on the table with the point of his finger. 
 Ulcers had also formed on his feet, which usually dis- 
 charged an ounce of fluid chalk in the twenty-four hours. 
 
168 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 12. Elbow-joint,— exhibiting absorption of cartilage, and de- 
 
 position of lymph. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Richard Baker, aet. 23, 4th Regiment, admitted 
 with a scrofulous affection of the elbow-joint, of twelve 
 months' duration. The case was brought to a successful 
 termination by amputation. 
 
 13. Hip-joint, — exhibiting absorption of cartilage, and abun- 
 
 dant deposition of lymph in the acetabulum. — Ibid. 
 
 From Robert Tallow, 7th Fusileers, get. 23, admitted 
 with morbus coxarius, contracted from exposure to wet 
 and cold. After seven months' treatment, he sunk under 
 colliquative diarrhoea. On dissection, slight ulceration 
 of the mucous membrane of the small Intestines was de- 
 tected. 
 
 14. Hip-joint, — presenting extensive ulceration. — Ibid. 
 
 The patient died of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 15. Elbow-joint, — exhibiting Caries. — Ibid. 
 
 The result of injury received sixteen months previ- 
 ously : the patient was a highly scrofulous subject. The 
 limb was removed by operation, in consequence of alarm- 
 ing hectic setting in. 
 
 \^. Knee-joint, — diseased from Scrofula. — Ibid. 
 Removed from a lad twelve years of age. 
 
 17. Bones of the Elbow-joint, — exhibiting ulceration, and ir- 
 
 regular deposition of bony matter. — Ibid. — Historij im- 
 attainable. 
 
 18. Exhibits disease of the synovial membrane of the Knee- 
 
 joint. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Removed from a lad ten years of age, who had suffered 
 under the disease for upwards of eight months. 
 
 19. Caries of the Ankle-joint. — Ibid. 
 
 Removed from a lad, in whom the disease was con- 
 sequent on injury. 
 
 20. Elbow-joint injected, — exhibiting thickening and indura- 
 
 tion of the soft parts, with Caries of the upper end of the 
 Ulna, and inner condyle of the Os humeri. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Bedford, 74th Regiment, aet. 18, of a scro- 
 fulous habit, who was admitted with diseased elbow-joint, 
 attended with high fever; the affection having commenced 
 four months previously in the form of an abscess on the 
 inner condyle. The arm was amputated, with a favour- 
 able result. 
 
DIVISION II. ^ IG9 
 
 21. Exhibits ulceration of the Astragalus, and soft parts of the 
 
 Tarsus. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From William M'Cardiff, a}t. 20, 39th Regiment, who 
 was admitted with disease of the right hip-joint, which 
 was relieved by the ordinary treatment: but some months 
 afterwards the malleolar joint of the same side became 
 affected ; and sinuses having formed, accompanied by an 
 accession of hectic fever, the limb was amputated. Soon 
 after the healing of the stump, symptoms of pectoral dis- 
 ease made their appearance, which terminated in con- 
 firmed Consumption, and proved fatal. 
 
 22. Anchylosis of the Hip-joint,— with irregular deposition of 
 
 bony ma.i\.e\\— Gibraltar.— Presented hy Mr. Fraser, 
 Assista7it Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 The subject was a tailor, who, having laboured under 
 this malady for many years, ultimately died hectic. 
 
 23. Bones of the Knee-joint, — exhibiting extensive ulceration. 
 
 Reported to be the effect of Scrofula. 
 
 24. Bones of the Hip-joint,— presenting formidable ulceration. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 25. Anchylosis of the Tibia and Patella to the Os femoris, 
 
 and of the Fibula to the TM^.—Presented by Mr. Gul- 
 liver, Assistant Surgeon, list Reginiejit. 
 
 Found in a churchyard. A ^section has been made 
 for the purpose of showing the continuity between the 
 cancellous structure of the Os femoris and Tibia. 
 
 26. Os humeri,— exhibiting changes in its head, the effect of 
 
 gouty inflammation. The cartilage is completely ab- 
 sorbed, as well as a portion of the head of the bone, 
 which is converted into a porcelain-like substance : an 
 anormal deposition of osseous matter has taken place 
 round the absorbed part.— London.— Presented by the 
 same. 
 
 Taken from a woman who died of gout, with which 
 she had been afflicted many years. 
 
 27. Ulceration of the synovial membrane and cartilao-es of 
 
 the Carpal articulation. — Fort Pitt. ^ 
 
 Removed, by operation, from Daniel Morgan, 23rd 
 Regiment, aet. 23, who had, for about six months, been 
 affected with swelling of the wrist, accompanied with 
 ulceration, sinuses, and hectic fever. 
 
170 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 28. Portion of Foot, — exhibiting Caries of the Tarso-meta- 
 
 tarsal articulation. — Fort Pitt, 
 
 From Joseph Read, aet. 31, Rifle Brigade, who had, 
 for a long time, been annoyed with ill-conditioned ulce- 
 ration of the dorsum pedis, the consequence of external 
 injury. The treatment adopted proved unavailing; the 
 ulceration extended ; sinuses formed in every direction, 
 communicating with the diseased bones ; and hectic fever 
 supervened. Amputation was, therefore, resorted to: 
 the man did well. The articulations of the os calcis and 
 astragalus to the naviculare and cuboid bones were per- 
 fectly healthy. 
 
 29. Ulceration and interstitial absorption of the bones of the 
 
 Ankle-joint ; the cartilages completely removed, and the 
 bones rendered very light by the absence of their earthy 
 matter. — London. — Presented hy Mr. Gidliver, Assistant 
 Surgeo?i, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
 From a man, who had for some years been affected 
 with disease of the ankle : cause of death not known. 
 
 30. Distal end of the left Os femoris, — presenting a well-de- 
 
 fined depression in the cartilage of the inner condyle, 
 apparently the cicatrix of an old ulcer. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who died of dysentery, contracted in 
 the West Indies. No account of the history of the lesion 
 was transmitted, or known. There was considerable 
 contraction of the knee-joint, which could not be ex- 
 tended by the application of ordinary force. 
 
 31 . Hip-joint, — exhibiting abrasion of the synovial membrane, 
 
 with enlargement of the head, and shortening of the 
 neck, of the Os femoris, — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 107- Division I. 
 
 32. Hip-joint, — presenting extensive ulceration of the carti- 
 
 lage, and prodigious thickening of the inferior part of 
 the capsule, — Ibid. 
 
 From John M' Cully, 55th Regiment, set. 22, who had 
 been affected with disease of this joint for upwards of 
 three months, and died exhausted by hectic fever. The 
 limbbelow was latterly attenuated, shortened, and slightly 
 inverted : an abscess, which contained turbid scrofulous 
 matter, had also formed behind the great trochanter. 
 On examination, the acetabulum was found to be filled 
 with brick- coloured grumous fluid ; the ulcerated surface 
 presented the highest vascularity ; the round ligament 
 
DIVISION II. 171 
 
 was severed by the ulceration ; and portions of cartila«-e 
 were detached from the bone. 
 
 33. Exhibits scrofulous disease of the articulating surfaces of 
 
 the Astragalus, and Os scaphoides. — Fort Pitt. 
 From the same subject as No. 49. 
 
 34. Ankle-joint injected, — presenting extensive ulceration of 
 
 the cartilage, and erosion of the bones : with consider- 
 able vascularity of the latter. — Ibid. 
 
 From James Cassidy, at. 28, 56th Regiment, of stru- 
 mous habit, who was several months confined in hospital 
 with pulmonary Phthisis, of which he, eventually, died. 
 Some weeks before death, an ill-conditioned fistulous 
 ulcer formed in the integuments investing the external 
 malleolus, which afforded a copious sanious discharge, 
 somedmes mixed with curdy matter. 
 
 35. Elbow-joint, — presenting Caries of the extremities of its 
 
 bones, the effect of scrofula. — Ibid. 
 
 From Henry Neadon, G7th Regiment, aet. 24, an 
 emaciated and unhealthy subject, in whom both elbow- 
 joints were alike affected with caries, suppurating exter- 
 nally. The left arm (the subject of this preparation) was 
 removed; but he died, after lingering a considerable time, 
 with the stump nearly healed. (\'ide Sensation. Divi- 
 sion II. No. 1.) 
 
 36. Exhibits destruction of the proximal articulating portion 
 
 of the fourth ]Metatarsal bone. — Ibid. 
 From the same subject as Xo. 49. 
 
 37. Exhibits total destruction of the cartilages, and any ex- 
 
 tensive Caries of the bones, of the Shoulder-joint. — Ibid. 
 From Thomas Ainsworth, 7th Fusileers, tet. 25, ad- 
 mitted with ulceration of the right shoulder-joint, of fif- 
 teen months' duration ; after suffering for two months 
 more, and being worn out from diarrhoea and profuse 
 discharge from the joint, he died. On dissection, loose 
 portions of bone, which had exfoliated, were found in 
 the joint : the large Intestines presented ulceration of 
 their lining membrane. 
 
 38. Presents scrofulous ulceration of the right Elbow-joint. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 35. 
 
 39. Presents loss of a great part of the Metacarpal bone of the 
 
172 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 left middle finger, with the first phalanx, which is also 
 imperfect, united to it by an intermediate ligament. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 Taken from a soldier, a maniac, from whom no ac- 
 count of the lesion could be procured. 
 
 40. Knee-joint, — exhibiting degeneration of the synovial mem- 
 
 brane into a brownish pulpy mass ; with loss of the se- 
 milunar cartilages. — Ibid. 
 
 Removed by amputation from Christopher MacGuire, 
 24:th Regiment, aet. '25. The disease was stated to have 
 been produced by a fall, and to have been twelve months 
 in progress : the bones were not diseased ; there were 
 many abscesses in the neighbourhood of the joint. 
 
 41. Knee-joint, — exhibiting great destruction of cartilage, 
 
 and extensive Caries of bone. — Ireland. — Presented by 
 Mr. Cavet^ Assistant Surgeon, 97th Regiment. 
 
 From John Healy, 65th Regiment, iet. 22, a phthisical 
 subject, affected, at the same time, with pain and swell- 
 ing of the right knee, in the neighbourhood of which 
 abscesses shortly formed. Hectic fever and diarrhoea 
 subsequently supervened ; and he died in a twelvemonth 
 from the commencement of the disease. 
 
 42. Bones of the Knee-joint, — presenting extensive Caries. — 
 
 — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Hodson, Surgeon, 95th Re- 
 giment. 
 
 Removed by amputation from John Close, 95th Re- 
 giment. On examining the posterior part of the joint, 
 the popliteal artery was found to pass through one of the 
 sinuses, intact. 
 
 43. An enlarged Bursa mucosa. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 O'Brien, Assistant Surgeon, 1th Fusileers. 
 
 From a soldier of the 7th Fusileers. The cavity con- 
 tained a thin purulent fluid. 
 
 44. Knee-joint, — showing adhesions between its upper and 
 
 lower surfaces, a cavity under the Patella, and coagu- 
 lable lymph deposited on the synovial membrane. — Ibid. 
 — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from a female, who, having laboured untler 
 severe disease of this joint, recovered its use by appro- 
 priate treatment. 
 
 45. Knee-joint, — exhibiting the cartilage of the Tibia on one 
 
 side partially absorbed near its margin, and the synovial 
 
DIVISION II. 173 
 
 membrane considerably tliickened. — Malta. — Presented 
 by Dr. Connelly Assistant Surgeon^ Rifle Brigade. 
 
 From a woman, who had tor some time laboured 
 under disease of this joint, and consequent lameness. 
 
 46. Exhibits deformity of the right great Toe, which is bent 
 
 outwards under the others, at a right angle with the 
 foot.— i^or^ Pitt. 
 
 From a lunatic pensioner, set. 73. 
 
 47. Exhibits extensive Caries of the bones of the Hip-joint. — 
 
 Yuj-k Hospital, Chelsea. — Presented by Dr. Alexander, 
 Surgeon to the Forces, 
 
 From Henry Warrington, Royal Waggon Train, 
 ast. 19. Four months previous to admission, his horse 
 fell on him, and injured the right side of his chest, by 
 which the seventh rib was disunited from its sternal 
 cartilage. Afterwards, symptoms of morbus coxarius 
 manifested themselves ; when suppuration taking place 
 in the joint, and hectic fever supervening, the case 
 proved fatal. On dissection, the opposing pleural sur- 
 faces on the right side adhered to each other; there was 
 much tubercular deposit in both Lungs; and the right 
 hip-joint was in the state pointed out in the preparation, 
 its capsular ligament being partly destroyed by the ul- 
 ceration. 
 
 48. Exhibits general Caries of the bones of the Knee-joint. — 
 
 Furt Pitt. 
 
 From John Murray, 47th Regiment, set. 44<, an old 
 Indian soldier, affected with chronic Hepatitis. On his 
 homeward passage he was much exposed to wet and 
 cold, whence this disease, a well-marked case of white 
 swelling, was supposed to originate. After being sub- 
 jected to treatment for two years, his health gradually 
 declining, and dropsical symptoms threatening, it was 
 judged necessary to amputate the (left) thigh. The 
 stump healed slowly; soon after which general anasarca 
 took place, and he died four months after the operation, 
 and two after the healing of the stump. 
 
 49. Exhibits Caries of the malleolar portions of the Tibia and 
 
 Fibula, from scrofula. — Ibid. 
 
 From George Snellings, 4'7th Regiment, set. 17, a 
 lad of delicate appearance and scrofulous diathesis, who 
 had been upwards of two years under treatment for 
 disease of the right ankle-joint. Inflammation and tu- 
 
174 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 mefaction of the part were succeeded by the formation 
 of suiuses connected with the joint, and caries of the 
 bones, accompanied by profuse discharge. Hectic fever 
 being thus induced, the limb was amputated. Twenty 
 days after the operation (the stump being nearly healed,) 
 he began to show signs of cerebral derangement, as 
 deafness, confusion of mind, and delirium; which, in a 
 few days, terminated in coma, and deatii. On dissec- 
 tion, there were found venous turgescence in the right 
 hemisphere of the brain, deposition of lymph beneath 
 the arachnoid, two ounces of fluid in the lateral ven- 
 tricles, and part of the fornix in a softened state : se- 
 veral ounces of fluid also escaped from the base of the 
 brain, and spinal canal. 
 
 Division III.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 SPINE. 
 
 1. Cervical Vertebrae, — exhibiting Caries. — Fort Pitt. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 2. Two lumbar Vertebrte, — exhibiting Caries, and con- 
 
 nected by bony matter. — Ibid.— History unattainable. 
 
 3. Lumbar Vertebras in a state of Caries ; the bodies of two 
 
 partially destroyed. — YorJc Hospital, Chelsea. 
 
 From Samuel llae, 2nd Garrison Company, set. 37, 
 who died of lumbar abscess, which communicated with 
 the Vertebrae constituting the preparation. 
 
 4. Caries of the lumbar Vertebrae ; the body of one totally 
 
 destroyed. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Blackadder, As- 
 sistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 5. Two lumbar Vertebrae, — exhibiting Anchylosis of their 
 
 bodies. — History unattainable. 
 
 6. Portion of Spine,' — exhibiting absorption of one or two of 
 
 the lumbar Vertebrae. — Presented by Dr. Alexander, 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From John M'Gowan, a^t. 21, 2ncl Regiment, who 
 had been several times in hospital for pain in the loins : 
 
DIVISION III. 175 
 
 latterly lie became paraplegic, and prior to death co- 
 matose. 
 
 7. Lumbar Vertebras, — exhibiting ulceration. — Presetiied bi/ 
 
 Mr. Mackesei/, G^iid Regiment. 
 
 From a patient, who died of psoas abscess. 
 
 8. Portion of Spine, — showing absorption of the bodies of 
 
 two of the dorsal Vertebrip, with Caries of several of 
 the others. — Presented by Mr. Stewart, Assista7it Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 From Edward Sylvester, ait. 35, admitted with para- 
 lysis of the lower extremities, during the treatment of 
 which a fatal accession of Phthisis pulmonalis super- 
 vened. 
 
 9. Lumbar Vertebrae, — exhibiting the site of an abscess. 
 
 10. Spine, — exhibiting Caries : the spinal cord exposed, and 
 
 presenting lymph on its surface. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a child six years of age, who died of diarrhoea. 
 
 11. Two dorsal Vertebrae, — exhibiting Caries. — Chatham. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Robe)ison, Surgeo7i, Royal Navy. 
 
 12. Symphysis between the last lumbar Vertebra and Os sa- 
 
 crum, — destroyed by ulceration. — History unattainable. 
 
 13. Ulceration of the bodies of nearly the whole of the dorsal 
 
 y evtehrsi.— Presented by Dr. Hodson, Surgeo7iy 95th 
 Regiment. 
 
 From a patient who died of hectic fever, consequent 
 on puncturing an abscess, which presented externally 
 in the right lumbar region. 
 
 14. Anchylosis between the last lumbar Vertebra and Os 
 
 sacrum. — History unattainable. 
 
 15. Presents an Exostosis on the sides of the lumbar Ver- 
 
 tebrae. — History unattainable. 
 
 16. Ulceration of the dorsal Vertebrae, with absorption of the 
 
 intervertebral substance. — History unattainable. 
 
 17. Dorsal Vertebrae, — eroded and anchyiosed. — Gibraltar. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Fraser, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 18. Presents Caries, with partial or total absorption, of several 
 
 of the dorsal Vertebrae. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 Caused by the pressure of an aneurism of the Aorta. 
 
176 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 In this case, although the spinal cord was exposed, 
 there was no paralysis. 
 
 19. Presents ulceration and anchylosis of the dorsal Ver- 
 
 tebra?, two of which have been completely absorbed. — 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 20. Exhibits deposition of bony matter on the anterior aspect 
 
 of the lumbar Vertebrae, and Sacrum. — Ihid. 
 
 From Samuel M'Guire, 85th Regiment, «t. 24, ad- 
 mitted with an ulcer situated in the left groin, which 
 discharged copiously, and fixed pain in the lumbar re- 
 gion, and pelvis. He died of hectic fever. 
 
 21. Section of the inferior part of the Spine,— exhibiting in- 
 
 terstitial absorption, and change of colour of the bodies 
 of the Vertebrae : the medullary secretion in the can- 
 cellous structure of the bone is deficient, and caseous 
 matter deposited in its place. — Ibid. 
 
 From George Anderson, set. 24, 25th Regiment, who, 
 some time before his admission, had received a contusion 
 on the loins, to which succeeded a psoas abscess. After 
 having been repeatedly punctured, the opening became 
 permanent, with highly offensive discharge ; hectic fever 
 set in, and death ensued. 
 
 22. Lumbar Vertebra?, — exhibiting irregular osseous fungus, 
 
 and interstitial absorption. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 30. Class II. Secre- 
 tion. Division IV., and Nos. 106 and 108. Locomotion. 
 Division I. In the recent state, the bones could be 
 readily cut with a knife, the osseous fungus being filled 
 up with fleshy structure. 
 
 23. Cervical Vertebra?,— exhibiting solid Exostosis from the 
 
 front of their bodies. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 7. Class II. Digestion. 
 Division I. 
 
 24. Exhibits Caries of the articular surface of the last lumbar 
 
 Vertebrae, and consolidation of its body and transverse 
 processes with the Os sacrum. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Morris, 2,Srd Regiment, a^t. 19, who had 
 been treated for dysentery, soon after which an abscess 
 presented under the right crural arch, and, in a short 
 time, another on the opposite side. He complained of 
 pain in the loins, and about the hi}), extending to the 
 knee. The pus evacuated itself by the ulcerative pro- 
 
DIVISION IV, 177 
 
 cess, and he sunk from hectic fever, after one hundred 
 and fifty-seven days' sojourn in hospital. 
 
 25. Exhibits Caries of a lumbar Vertebra, with irregular 
 
 osseous deposit on the anterior surface of its body. The 
 ulcerative process has formed a cavity in the bone, in 
 which several dead portions are contained. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. — On post 
 mortem inspection, an abscess, capable of containing six 
 ounces of matter, was found on the inner side of both the 
 psoae muscles : small portions of necrosed Sacrum were 
 detected in the right sac ; and on the left, the transverse 
 processes and bodies of the lumbar vertebrae were ul- 
 cerated. The psoae muscles themselves were converted 
 into a fibro-cartilage structure. 
 
 26. Exhibits nearly total destruction of the two lower dorsal 
 
 Vertebrae from the pressure of an aneurismal sac. — 
 Presented by Dr. Laisoder, Surgeon, 59th Regiment. — 
 History imattainable. 
 
 27. Dorsal and lumbar Vertebrae in a state of general Caries. 
 
 — Madras. — Presented by Dr. Strachan, Inspector Gene- 
 ral of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient, from whom they were procured, died of 
 lumbar abscess. 
 
 Division IV.— ACCIDENTS OF BONES AND 
 JOINTS. 
 
 1, Os Femoris, — exhibiting oblique fracture below the 
 
 trochanters. — History imattainable. 
 
 2. Hand injected, — exhibiting Caries of the metacarpus from 
 
 compound Fracture. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Alexander Broadhet, 69th Regiment, who met 
 with this accident on the voyage from India. Shortly 
 after his admission, the little finger and its metacarpal 
 bone were removed ; but the disease continuing in the 
 wrist and other bones, it was found necessary to ampu- 
 tate the whole hand ; after which the patient recovered. 
 
178 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 3. Exhibits Fracture of the Tibia and Fibula, immediately 
 
 above the ankle-joint. — Hhtory unattainable. 
 
 4. Os Humeri, — exhibiting an artificial joint. — York Ho- 
 
 spital, Chelsea. 
 
 Removed, by amputation, from a soldier, who received 
 a compound fracture of the arm at Waterloo. 
 
 5. Rib, — exhibiting an opening made in the operation for 
 
 Empyema. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 32. Class I. Respira- 
 tion. Division III. 
 
 6. Os femoris, — exhibiting Fracture of its neck. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 10. Class I. Circula- 
 tion. Division II. 
 
 7. Section of the dorsal Vertebrae, — exhibiting Dislocation 
 
 and Fracture. — Chatham. — Presented by Mr. Mai/nard, 
 Surgeon, Coldstream Guards. 
 
 From a soldier of the Coldstream Guards, who met 
 with this injury from falling into a deep well. He sur- 
 vived two months, during which time the lower extre- 
 mities were paralysed. 
 
 8. Exhibits Fracture of the neck of the Os femoris. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Mr. Richardson, Assistant Stirgeon, I8fh Re- 
 giiuent. 
 
 From Francis M'Gan, 18th Regiment, aet. 28, ad- 
 mitted, having, by a fall from a height of twenty feet, 
 injured his spine, and broken his thigh. Nineteen days 
 afterwards he died of tetanus. 
 
 9. Exhibits a gun-shot wound of the Trochanter major ; the 
 
 ball imbedded in it. — History unattainable. 
 
 10. Fracture of the Trochanter major by gun-shot ; the ball 
 
 imbedded in the centre of the bone. — Waterloo. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Gibson, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 11. Lower Jaw,— exhibiting deficiency of part of the alveolar 
 
 process, from gun-shot. — Presented by Mr. Fiddes, Sur- 
 geoti, 85th Regiment. 
 
 From James Ryder, 85th Regiment, who was wounded 
 by a buck-shot, which lodged at the base of the tooth, 
 and produced caries in the remainder : it was extracted 
 twelve months after the accident. 
 
 12. Head and neck of the Os femoris,— exhibiting Fracture. 
 
 —Presented by Mr. MacDermott, Surgeon, ^th Regiment. 
 
DIVISION IV. 179 
 
 From Edward M'Donald, 2nd Regiment, who met 
 with this injury from a fall on the right hip. At the 
 end of five months the limb was wasted and useless, and 
 he was in the last stage of dropsy, of which he died. 
 
 13. Portion of necrosed Tibia. — Presented by Mr. Durney. 
 
 From a soldier of the Guards, who received a gun- 
 shot wound in the leg, while serving in Belgium. The 
 bone exhibited in the preparation exfoliated, and he par- 
 tially recovered the use of his limb. 
 
 14. Spine,— exhibiting Fracture and Dislocation of the dorsal 
 
 Vertebra?. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Captain , 58th Regiment. He received 
 
 this injury of the spine in the West Indies, by a fall, 
 and died about ten months after the accident. 
 
 15. Several very large necrosed portions of Tibia. — Ibid. 
 
 The result of injury by a cannon-shot. The patient 
 partially recovei-ed the use of the limb. 
 
 16. Os Humeri, — necrosed. — Ibid. 
 
 From Patrick Shea, Royal African Corps, admitted 
 with ulceration and inflammation of the stump of an 
 arm, which had been amputated twelve months before. 
 From the length of time which had elapsed, the fetid 
 nature of the discharge, the spreading of the ulceration 
 above the insertion of the deltoid, and the diseased 
 state of the bone, a second amputation was considered 
 advisable; which having been performed, the patient 
 recovered. 
 
 17. Presents Fracture of the Os femoris at the basis of the 
 
 trochanters. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Exhibits union of the Radius and Ulna by osseous matter, 
 
 after gun-shot injury. 
 
 19. Fracture of the neck and middle of the Os femoris ; the 
 
 first exhibiting bony union, the last great deformity from 
 overlapping of the fractured ends. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Wickstead, 100th Regiment, set. 31, who 
 died of Phthisis. Four years previously, in America, 
 he had fractured both his thighs by a fall from a horse. 
 This preparation is from the left extremity. (Vide 
 No. 30 ; also Fasciculus of Drawings from the Museum 
 of the Army Medical Department, Plate VII. fig. 4, 
 and Plate VIII. figs. 1. and 2.) 
 N 2 
 
180 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 20. Fracture of the shaft of the Os femoris, with shortening 
 of that bone. — History unattainahle. 
 
 21. Presents Necrosis of the shaft of the Tibia. 
 
 From gun-shot injury. 
 
 22. Necrosis of the inferior half of the Os femoris : the se- 
 
 questrum completely detached from the new bone. 
 The result of gun-shot wound. 
 
 23. Presents Necrosis of the entire shaft of the Os femoris, 
 
 which forms a sequestrum totally separated from the 
 new bony case. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Thomas Hornsby, admitted with gun-shot 
 wound of two years' standing : the ball had lodged, but 
 had been cut out a month afterwards. On admission, 
 there were two openings between the hamstrings. His 
 general health was very bad, and he died after ten weeks' 
 treatment. 
 
 24. Longitudinal Fracture of the Os femoris,— presenting the 
 
 commencement of the process of exfoliation ; the line 
 of disjunctive absorption completely established. — His- 
 tory unattainahle. 
 
 25. Necrosis of the Os femoris, with Fracture of that bone 
 
 below the trochanters.— Pre^m/^'^ hy Mr. Frase?; In- 
 spector General of Hospitals. — History unattainahle. 
 Taken from a vault, in Spain. 
 
 26. Exhibits Fracture of the proximal extremity of the shaft 
 
 of the Os femoris. — History unattainahle. 
 
 27. Os femoris, — exhibiting oblique Fracture, in which there 
 
 has been an attempt at a preternatural articulation: an 
 abundant deposition of bony matter has taken place 
 round the fractured extremities. — History unattainable. 
 
 28. Necrosis of the amputated extremity of the Os femoris ; 
 
 new bony matter effused; and the line of disjunctive ab- 
 sorption completely established. — Gihraltar. — Presented 
 hy Mr. Frascr, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 The patient lived one hundred and ten days after the 
 operation, and died of hectic fever and diarrhoea. The 
 surface on which the saw acted was found as smooth as 
 when first divided. 
 
 29. Os femoris, — showing the condition of its amputated ex- 
 
 tremity some time after the operation. — Fort Pitt. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
DIVISION IV. 181 
 
 30. Amputated extremity of the Os femoris, — presenting a 
 
 fungiform deposition of new osseous matter. — Fort Pitt. 
 Four years elapsed between the operation and the 
 death of the individual. (Vide No. 19 ; also Fasciculus 
 of Drawings from the Museum of the Army Medical 
 Department, Plate VIII. fig. 3.) 
 
 31. Presents some deposition of new bone at the amputated 
 
 extremity of the Os femoris. — History iinattainahle. 
 
 32. Os humeri, — showing the condition of the divided ex- 
 
 tremity after amputation. — History unattainable. 
 
 33. Os humeri, — exhibiting Fracture of its neck, and an at- 
 
 tempt at preternatural articulation. — Gibraltar. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Fraser^ Inspector General of Hospitals. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 34. Skull, — exhibiting Fracture of the Os occipitis and pe- 
 
 trosal bones : the atlas anchylosed to the occiput. — 
 Presented by the same. 
 The result of a fall. 
 
 35. Skull, — exhibiting Fracture, extending from the posterior 
 
 and inferior angle of the parietal bone to the basis 
 cranii. 
 
 From William Hogarthy, 85th Regiment, aet. 29, 
 who, when intoxicated, fell from his comrade's back, 
 with his head on the pavement. He lived eight hours 
 after the accident. On examination, a bloody coagulum, 
 about the size of a hen's egg^ was found in the internal 
 temporal fossa. 
 
 36. Cranium, — exhibiting transverse Fracture of the tempo- 
 
 ral bone, extending to the roof of the right orbit. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 37- Cranium,— exhibiting Fracture, which extends across its 
 vertex. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 38. Skull, — exhibiting separation of the lambdoidal suture, 
 and Fracture of the temporal and sphenoid bones. — 
 Brighton. — Presented by Mr. Colclough^ Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 From William Bingham, 9th Lancers, a heavy, cor- 
 pulent, young man, who in springing on to his unsaddled 
 horse, overbalanced himself, and fell over to the ground 
 on the off' side, on the crown of his head. He was taken 
 up in a state of insensibility, with blood flowing from 
 
182 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 his right ear, which continued for several hours, bring- 
 ing away with it portions of Brain. He died on the 
 fourth day after the accident ; when it was discovered 
 that rupture of the right lateral sinus had taken place. 
 
 39. Skull-cap, — exhibiting separation of the coronal and sa- 
 
 gittal sutures, with Fracture of the right parietal bone. 
 — Presented by Mr. Campbell, Assistant Surgeon, llth 
 Lancers. 
 
 From Private Kinnoch, of that Corps, who was 
 thrown from his horse at full speed. He, however, 
 rose, and endeavoured to remount. He died a few 
 hours after. On inspection, an immense quantity of 
 grumous blood was found effused into his Brain. 
 
 40. Skull, — exhibiting Fracture of the right parietal and tem- 
 
 poral bones. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Calvert, As- 
 sista7it Inspector of Hospitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 41. Skull-cap, — presenting Fracture of the internal table of 
 
 the frontal bone, with depression. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who, several years before his death, 
 while serving in Spain, was wounded in the head. 
 
 42. Skull-cap, — exhibiting a depression of the surface of the 
 
 right parietal bone. — Ibid. 
 
 Said to be the result of fracture from gun-shot 
 wound. 
 
 43. Section of Cranium, — showing Fracture of the frontal 
 
 bone, with depression. — Presented by Mr. Kenny, Sur- 
 geon, 12th Royal Lancers. 
 
 From William Atkins, set. 23, a robust, temperate, 
 young man, who received a blow on the forehead from 
 a quoit, whereby a wound was made in the scalp, 
 through which the depressed bone could be readily dis- 
 cerned. He was stunned at the moment, but recovered, 
 and walked to the hospital. He refused to submit to 
 any operation ; and recovered without untoward sym- 
 ptoms. About three months after, he was attacked with 
 epilepsy, which often recurred, until his death, which 
 took place after a paroxysm succeeded by coma. On 
 inspection of the parts, it was found that the dura mater 
 beneath the fracture was thickened, and adhered firmly 
 to the bone. 
 
 44. Skull-cap, — exhibiting Fracture, which extends across the 
 parietal bones. — History unattainable. 
 
DIVISION IV. 183 
 
 45. Exhibits Fracture of the Os pubis, and posterior angle of 
 
 the ala Ilii. — History unattainable. 
 
 46. Section of Cranium, — showing circular Fracture. 
 
 From a soldier, who received a gun-shot wound in the 
 head at Waterloo. The ball penetrated the sknll at the 
 opening seen in the preparation, and lodged in the Brain. 
 He, however, became convalescent ; but, fifteen weeks 
 after the infliction of the wound, was attacked with apo- 
 plexy, and died. On dissection, the ball, having shifted 
 from its original position, was found loose in the lateral 
 ventricle. 
 
 47. Section of Pelvis, — exhibiting Fracture, which extends 
 
 through the superior and inferior parietes of the foramen 
 thyroideum. — Presented by Dr. Jones^ Stirgeon, 1st Dra- 
 goon Guards. 
 
 Occasioned by the passing of the wheel of a stage- 
 coach over the pelvis. The patient survived the injury 
 twelve hours. 
 
 48. Portion of Scapula, separated from the body of the bone 
 
 by Fracture of its neck, and exhibiting a stellated Frac- 
 ture of its glenoid cavity. — History imhwrni. 
 
 49. Os humeri,— showing Fracture of its shaft, from gun-shot, 
 
 firmly \xn\ied.— India. — Presented by Dr. Brown, Sur- 
 geon, 87th Regiment. 
 
 From Patrick Weldon, 87th Regiment, who received 
 a fracture of the arm, from gun-shot in the Burmhese 
 war. The ball entered between the outer edge of the 
 biceps and insertion of the dehoid, passed through the Os 
 humeri and triceps, and made its exit on the inner side 
 of the arm. The power of the limb was never restored. 
 He subsequently died of apoplexy. When the arm was 
 examined after death, the external cutaneous nerve was 
 found to have been wounded, and, at the injured part, 
 was converted into a fibro-cartilaginous substance. 
 
 50. Cranium, — with Fracture of the left parietal bone and 
 
 Os frontis, extending through the roof and floor of the 
 orbit. — Ireland. — Presented by Dr. Bell, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 9^th Regiment. 
 
 From a man who was thrown from his horse against 
 a stone wall, and died four days after the accident. On 
 dissection, it was found that the middle artery of the dura 
 mater was ruptured, and a bloody coagulum formed be- 
 tween that membrane and the bone; that aii, abscess 
 
184? L0C03I0TI0N. 
 
 existed in the substance of the brain ; and that the frac- 
 tured portions of bone wei-e not displaced. 
 
 51. Exhibits extensive Fractui-e of the distal end of the Ra- 
 dius, extending into the articulation between that bone 
 and the Ulna. — Fort Pitt. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver^ 
 Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
 From William Spencer, 84'th Regiment, set. 41, who, 
 being inebriated, fell into the trench of the Fort, from 
 a high building. Exclusive of this fracture, he had re- 
 ceived the following injuries : fracture of the Sternum, 
 Os femoris, and bones of the ankle-joint ; luxation of 
 the left elbow, and rupture of the Liver. He was taken 
 up moribund, and died in an hour. 
 
 62. Elbow-joint, — exhibiting Dislocation of the Radius and 
 Ulna, behind the cond^'les of the Os humeri. — Ibid. — 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. The arm 
 was in a state of semiflexion, and the hand supine ; the 
 olecranon projected in a marked manner behind, and the 
 condyles of the Os humeri formed a large tumour in 
 front. The anterior portion of the capsular ligament 
 of the joint was extensively lacerated ; both lateral liga- 
 ments were also severed ; but the coronary ligament 
 remained entire, as is seen in the preparation. The 
 brachialis anticus was nmch lacerated and stretched, 
 but the biceps was uninjured. (Vide London Medical 
 Gazette, vol. iii. p. 733.) 
 
 53. Calvarium, — presenting Fracture of the right parietal 
 
 bone, and separation of the coronal sutui'e on the left 
 side.— Malta. — Presented by Dr. White, Assist a7it Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 33. Sensation. Divi- 
 sion L 
 
 54. Fracture of the carpal extremity of the Radius ; the distal 
 
 portion much displaced. — Malta. — Presented by Mr. 
 Lightbody, Surgeon, 80th Regiment. 
 From a soldier of that Corps. 
 
 55. Presents a comminuted Fracture of the carpal end of the 
 
 Radius. — Fort Pitt. — History unattainable. 
 
 56. Exhibits Necrosis of the middle end of the Os femoris. — 
 
 History unattainable. 
 
 by. Cranium, — exhibiting a Fracture of the bones connected 
 with its base by the passage of a musket-ball, which en- 
 
DIVISION IV. 185 
 
 tered at the lower part of the right orbit. — Gibraltar. — 
 Presented by Mr. Fraser, Assistant Siirgeoji to the Forces. 
 The wound was received while smuggling contraband 
 goods, and the patient survived for ten days, when hae- 
 morrhage took place, and he died in as many minutes. 
 On examination, the internal carotid artery was found 
 ruptured, with the ball lying near the opening: the 
 middle lobe of the left hemisphere of the brain also ex- 
 hibited signs of suppuration, and spiculae of bone were 
 found entangled in its substance. 
 
 58. Os humeri of a fowl, — presenting a Fracture united at 
 right angles with its shaft. — Presented by Dr. Clark, As- 
 sistant Lispector of Hospitals. 
 
 69. Two Ribs, — exhibiting Fractures united by callus, which 
 in one of them yielded during maceration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From John Lorimer, 4th Light Dragoons, who died 
 imbecile and paralytic. Nothing is known of the history 
 of these fractures. 
 
 60. A dried Hand, — exhibiting a gun-shot wound through 
 
 the carpus. — Madras. — Presented by Dr. Henderson, 
 Siirgeon, 4:81/1 RegimeJit. 
 
 Amputation of the hand was performed in consequence 
 of the injury. 
 
 61. Presents an ununited Fracture of the sterno-cartilaginous 
 
 extremity of the seventh Rib. — York Hospital, Chelsea. 
 — Presented by Dr. Alexander, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 From the same subject as No. 47. Division II. 
 
 62. Skull-cap, — exhibiting a perforation made in the frontal 
 
 bone by a pistol-ball ; also Fracture of the occipital 
 bone, with the ball lodged in its substance. — Cape of 
 Good Hope. — Presented by Mr. Tighe, Assista?it Sur- 
 geon, 15th Regiment. 
 
 From an Officer, who was killed in a duel. 
 
 63. Skull-cap, — exhibiting Fracture, and loss of a portion of 
 
 the occipital bone. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 From a suicide. 
 
 64. Portion of the seventh Rib, from the left side, — exhibiting 
 
 transverse Fracture, not united. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Patrick M'Mahon, 49th Regiment, a maniac, 
 who had been confined in the Military Lunatic Asylum 
 for five years and a half. No account of the cause of 
 this injury exists. 
 
186 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 65. Exhibits deformity and shortening of the rigiit Os femoris, 
 
 from obhque Fracture. — Ibid. 
 
 From Joseph Cook, Newfoundland Veteran Com- 
 pany, a^t. 4-3, who died of erysipelas. The injury had 
 taken place five years before his death. 
 
 66. Calvarium, — presenting a small Fracture, with depression 
 
 of the left parietal bone, both the external and internal 
 tables being driven in. — Canterbury. — Presented by Dr. 
 Blake, Stirgco?i, 1th Dragoon Guards. 
 
 67. Clavicle, — exhibiting deformity from an ancient Fracture. 
 
 — Malta. — Presentedby Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. 
 From the same subject as No. 143. Division I. No 
 account of the accident has been recorded. 
 
 68. Gun-shot wound of the right Knee-joint, — the ball having 
 
 lodged between the condyles of the Os femoris. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Barlffw, Surgeon, 3rd Light Dragoons. 
 
 The subject of this accident was Matthew Walsh, 3rd 
 Light Dragoons. It happened while the leg was in a 
 state of flexion, from the accidental discharge of his 
 comrade's carabine. The limb was amputated twenty- 
 four hours afterwards, and the man arrived at Fort Pitt 
 quite well, three months after the accident. 
 
 69. Exhibits Fracture of the distal extremities of the Tibia 
 
 and Fibula. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant 
 Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 A compound luxation accompanietl the fracture of the 
 bones. The injury was occasioned by a lall from a 
 height of about thirty feet, and the lesion of parts was 
 so great that amputation was considered necessary. 
 
 Division V.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF 
 MUSCLE. 
 
 1. Portion of Psoas muscle, — exhibiting fibro-cartilaginous 
 induration. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Robert Shannon, 26th Regiment, aet. 21, who 
 died from exhaustion induced by lumbar abscesses, and 
 a psoas imposlhume of the right side, in the pus of which 
 the muscle seen in the preparation was situated. 
 
DIVISION V. 187 
 
 2. Melanotic deposition in muscle. — Presented by the Royal 
 College oj' Surgeons, TLdinhurgh. 
 
 From a white horse. The disease was observed in va- 
 rious parts of the body, particularly in the left lumbar 
 region, close to the aorta, and descending into the pel- 
 vis, where the masses of melanotic matter were as large 
 as a child's head. (Vide Edinburgh Medico-chirurgical 
 Transactions, vol. i. p. SG'i.) 
 
 Class IV.— GENERATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
 
 Division I.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 MALE ORGANS OF GENERATION. 
 
 1. Testicle, — exhibiting Sarcocele, with partial suppuration. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Farnden, Assistant Surgeo?i, 8t/i 
 Hussars. 
 
 Taken from William Brophy, 8th Hussars, who in- 
 jured his testicle in riding, after which he had frequent 
 attacks of inflammation in the gland, which ended in 
 disorganization, and rendered its extirpation necessary. 
 
 2. Presents fungous disease of the Testicles of great extent. 
 
 —Fort Pitt. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 14. Class II. Excretion. 
 Division I. 
 
 3. Testicle,— enlarged and scirrhous. — Presented by Dr. Wil- 
 
 liams, Surgeon to the Forces. — History unattainable. 
 
 4. Scirrhus of the Testicle, with thickened tunics. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 The patient, from whom it was removed, died of 
 Phthisis pulmonahs. 
 
 5. Body of the Testicle, — degenerated into a scirrhous mass. 
 
 — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
188 GENERATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
 
 6. Well-defined scirrhous Testicle, of large size. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From a soldier, who had been affected with secondary 
 syphilis, for the cure of which he had used much mer- 
 cury. 
 
 7. Tunica vaginalis, which formed the sac of a congenital 
 
 Hernia. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 8. Testicle,— exhibiting a fungoid growth from the tunica 
 
 albuginea, with absorption of the substance of the gland. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From John Lawrence, aet. 29, 46th Regiment, who 
 had lost half the penis, when in India, by a sloughing 
 nicer, as well as one of the testes, by suppuration. On 
 his passage home the other testicle became diseased, 
 and was, consequently, removed, on arrival at the Ge- 
 neral Hospital. 
 
 9. Presents a similar excrescence, with deficiency of the body 
 
 of the gland. — Ibid. 
 
 From Samuel M'Dormal, admitted, on arrival from 
 India, with sinuses, discharging pus, in the scrotum: 
 both testes were enlarged and indurated, and the right 
 very painful. He reported the disease to have com- 
 menced eighteen months before his arrival. The testicles 
 having diminished in size, the sinuses were dilated, when 
 a quantity of curdy matter escaped, and the excrescence 
 appeared five days afterwards. Frequent haemorrhage 
 now taking place from the parts, the diseased gland was 
 removed. 
 
 10. Presents the sac of a Hydrocele of the Tunica vaginalis 
 
 testis. — Ibid. 
 
 The patient attributed this affection to a blow received 
 a month previously. 
 
 11. Scirrhus of the Testicle. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 12. Exhibits the left Testicle forming adhesions in the groin; 
 
 the right scirrhous, with Hydrocele. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. I. Class I. Respiration. 
 Division III. 
 
 13. Section of Pelvis, — exhibiting a double Hydrocele.— 
 
 York Hospital, Chelsea. — History unattainable. 
 
 14. Warts, — removed from the Penis. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 These verrucae, which were taken away by operation 
 
DIVISION I. 189 
 
 from the prepuce of Michael Burns, 55th Regiment, 
 were of two years' growth. (Vide Drawing, No. 4:4:.) 
 
 15. Penis, Scrotum, and section of the Bladder, — exhibiting 
 
 the testes diminished in size, and the vesiculse semi- 
 nales enlarged, and distended with fluid. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 1. Class II. Secretion. 
 Division IV. 
 
 16. Exhibits loss of the integuments of the Penis and Scrotum 
 
 from gangrene ; two sinuses leading from the root of the 
 Penis to the verge of the anus. — Ibid. 
 
 From John Minahan, set. 21, 63rd Regiment, ad- 
 mitted with fever and difficult respiration, the conse- 
 quence of taking cold. These symptoms soon subsided, 
 and he was becoming rapidly convalescent, although 
 much debilitated, when incipient gangrene was observed 
 in the integuments of the penis and scrotum. By the 
 aid of remedies the sloughs separated ; but great debi- 
 lity, low delirium, and pectoral oppression continuing 
 in an aggravated form, he quickly sunk, and died. On 
 dissection, the left Lung was found to have contracted 
 recent adhesions to the chest ; its upper lobe exhibited 
 marks of the different stages of inflammation ; and in the 
 lower lobe was discovered a gangrenous patch, about an 
 inch in diameter. 
 
 17. Presents soft Sarcocele of the Testis. — Ibid. — History un- 
 
 attainable. 
 
 18. Exhibits thickening of the Tunica vaginalis testis, and 
 
 obliteration of the sac. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Hydrocele, with thickening of the Tunica vaginalis. — 
 
 Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 20. Fungous growth from the Tunica albuginea testis, — the 
 
 substance of the gland nearly absorbed : the white line 
 visible is the cut edge of the Tunica albuginea : — some 
 induration of the integuments of the other testicle. — 
 Portngal. — Presented by Mr. Ford, Assistant Surgeon, 
 I'Znd Regiment. 
 
 From Thomas Heyburn, 11th Regiment, who, three 
 months previous to his death, received a blow on the 
 testicle, which injury was succeeded by acute inflam- 
 mation, and subsequently terminated in the fungoid 
 growth forming the subject of the preparation. After 
 death, the thoracic and abdominal viscera were disco- 
 vered to be much diseased. 
 
190 GENERATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
 
 21. Testicle,— exhibiting adhesion of the sac of the Tunica 
 
 vaginalis, and thickening of the Tunica albuginea. — 
 London. — Presented by Mr. Gidliver, Assistant Surgeon, 
 list Regivient. 
 
 From a young subject, who died of compound frac- 
 ture of the leg. The operation for the radical cure of 
 hydrocele by injection was the cause of the obliteration 
 of the sac of the vaginal tunic. 
 
 22. Testicle,— exhibiting Hydrocele of the vaginal tunic, 
 
 thickening of its parietes, and effusion of lymph into the 
 cavity of the sac : a small puncture is also seen passing 
 through the inferior part of the Tunica albuginea into 
 the pulpy substance of the gland, made by the point of 
 a trochar. — Tort Pitt. 
 
 From Robert Everson, 43rd Regiment, get. 35, ad- 
 mitted with hydrocele of both vaginal tunics. In the 
 attempt at a radical cure by injection, part of the injected 
 fluid having accidentally been infused into the cellular 
 tissue of the scrotum, the irritation, acting on a bad con- 
 stitution, produced inflammation, sloughing, and a low 
 fever, of which the patient died. 
 
 23. Testicle, — showing Hydrocele of the Tunica vaginalis. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 24. Testicle, — exhibiting miliary tubercles in its pulpy sub- 
 
 stance, and crude tubercular matter in the epididymis. 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Corporal George Anderson, 25th Regiment, 
 aet. 24, who was admitted with diseased hip: a psoas 
 abscess subsequently presented, and having been re- 
 peatedly punctured, a permanent opening took place, 
 the consequence of which was profuse discharge, hectic 
 fever, and exhaustion. After death, the Lungs were 
 found to be tuberculated and ulcerated ; the cyst of the 
 abscess was of very large size, and the hip-joint was 
 health}'. He had never complained of any affection of 
 the testis. 
 
 25. Exhibits fine injection of a Tunica vaginalis testis, affected 
 
 with Hydrocele. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver, As- 
 sistant Swgeon, list Regiment. 
 
 The sac, in this case, contained at least four ounces of 
 fluid. The patient had never undergone any treatment 
 for the complaint. 
 
DIVISION I. 191 
 
 26. Hydrocele of the Tunica vaginalis testis, with separation 
 
 of the epididymis from the body of the gland. — Ibid. 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 27. Exhibits extensive Carcinoma of the right Testis, involv- 
 
 ing the Scrotum : the left testicle, which appears at the 
 posterior and inferior part of the preparation, is also 
 much indurated. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as Nos. 64 and (3^. Class I. 
 Respiration. Division III. (Vide Drawings, Nos. 45 
 and 46.) 
 
 28. Exhibits considerable enlargement of the left Testis, which 
 
 is converted into a scrofulous mass, of cheesy consistence, 
 with an external ulcerated opening. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 140. Locomotion. Di- 
 vision I. 
 
 29. Exhibits Hydrocele, with thickening of the right Tunica 
 
 vaginalis. — Ibid. 
 
 From Andrew M'Alister, get. 73, an in-pensioner of 
 Chelsea Hospital, and, for a short time, a patient in the 
 Military Lunatic Asylum. He died of a bowel com- 
 plaint. 
 
 30. Scrofulous Testicle, — with adherent cicatrix of ancient 
 
 ulceration . — Ibid. 
 
 From John Bradley, set. 27, 2nd Regiment, who was 
 admitted into hospital (in India) with a painful enlarge- 
 ment of the left testicle : several ulcers formed in the 
 scrotum, which, after continuing open for nearly two 
 years, finally healed. 
 
 31. Scrofulous Testicle, with a fungus rising from its body. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From Walter Cairns, 94th Regiment, aet. 26, whose 
 complaint arose from an injury received three years be- 
 fore. On admission, he had induration and enlarge- 
 ment of the right testicle, with a fungous excrescence 
 growing from its body, about five inches in circumfe- 
 rence, partly granulating, and partly sloughing, with pro- 
 fuse sanious and offensive discharge. Portions of the 
 fungus occasionally healed over, but always ulcerated 
 again. The case being deemed incurable, the whole 
 mass was extirpated. 
 
 32. Partial ossification of the Tunica albuginea testis. — 
 
 Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of 
 Hospitals. 
 
192 GENERATIVE FUNCTIONS. 
 
 From a Maltese, a?t. 98, wlio died of Perironitis, and 
 in whom most of the arteries were found ossified. (Vide 
 No. 113. Class II. Digcstioji. Division III.) 
 
 33. Exhibits the sac of a Hydrocele, and the relation of the 
 testicle to it. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy^ As- 
 sista7it Inspector of Hospitals. — History unattainable. 
 
 Division II.— DISEASED STRUCTURE OF THE 
 FEMALE ORGANS OF GENERATION. 
 
 1. Uterus and Ovaries, — exhibiting enlargement; the latter 
 
 containing hydatids and tubercles. — Fort Pitt. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 2. Uterus, — exhibiting a fungus from the Os tincae. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. — 
 History unattainable. 
 
 3. Coagulum expelled by the Uterus, after suppressed men- 
 
 struation. — Chatham. 
 
 From a girl, ast. 16, who had not menstruated for four 
 months previously. Being pressed rudely by a man 
 round the waist, uterine haemorrhage ensued, from the 
 effects of which, however, she perfectly recovered. 
 
 4. Elephantiasis of the Labia pudendi, — the mass weighing 
 
 forty pounds. — Barbadoes. — Presented by Dr. Dcase, 
 Surgeoji to the Forces. 
 
 This diseased mass was successfully excised by Dr. 
 Birrel, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces, from a Negress, 
 who stated that, eleven years previous to the operation, 
 she had been affected with gonorrhoea and chancres, for 
 which she was severely salivated. The discharge con- 
 tinued for some time from the vagina, and, on its cessa- 
 tion, the morbid action, which led to the tubercular 
 growth, commenced. During the progress of the dis- 
 ease, her health was generally good, except that she was 
 subject to slight febrile attacks every six weeks; and 
 during the last two years, ulceration of the tumour, at- 
 tended with superficial haemorrhage, occurred several 
 times, producing great debility. On the twelfth day after 
 the operation, she walked out of the hospital. (Vide 
 
DIVISION ir. 193 
 
 Drawings, Nos. 49. 50. 51. and 52; also Edinburgh 
 Medical and Surgical Journal, vol. xxiii. p. 257.) 
 
 5. Malignant ulceration of the neck of the Uterus and Va- 
 
 gina, extending into ' the Rectum. — Gibraltai\ — Pye- 
 sented by Mr. Fraser, Lisped or General of Hospitals. 
 This patient died of hectic fever. 
 
 6. Uterus, — exhibiting several Tumours of a scirrhous na- 
 
 ture: a section made of one of the Ovaries, which is 
 little altered in structure. — London. — Presented by Mr. 
 Baynton, Curator of the Museum of St. Bartholomew's 
 Hospital. 
 
 Removed from the body of a woman, about fifty years 
 of age. 
 
 7. Ovarium, — presenting tough fibro-cartilaginous cysts, 
 
 which contained scrofulous matter. — Presented by Mr. 
 Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
 Taken from a middle-aged woman, who died of As- 
 cites. The Intestines were, afterwards, found matted 
 together by abundant effusion of lymph ; and the peri- 
 toneum was tubercular. 
 
 8. Ovarium, — partly converted into fleshy substance, and ex- 
 
 hibiting a well-defined scrofulous cyst. — Presented by the 
 same. — History unattainable. 
 
 9. Ovarium, — exhibiting a dropsical cyst, and also one con- 
 
 taining pus. — Presented by the same. 
 
 The lower cyst contained about three ounces of limpid 
 fluid. The upper one was filled with flaky pus. Taken 
 from a subject of middle age. 
 
 10. Ovarium, — with a small cyst attached to it. — Malta. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rife Brigade. 
 Taken from a woman, who died after parturition. 
 
 11. Exhibits dropsical cysts of both Ovaria. — Edi?iburgh. — 
 
 Presented by Professor Lizars. — History unattainable. 
 
 The cyst on the right side contained a brownish fluid, 
 in which floated smaller cysts. 
 
 12. Ovarium, — exhibiting a dropsical cyst. — Chatham. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Mr. Fagg, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 13. Presents a large collection of cysts of various sizes, con- 
 
 nected with the Ovaries. — Cape of Good Hope. — Pre- 
 se?ited by Dr. Murray, Deputy Inspector General of Ho- 
 spitals. 
 
194 MALFORMATIONS. 
 
 Taken from a female, set. 23, who, when the disease 
 had existed about three years, was tapped five or six 
 times. After death, a large sac was found, extending 
 from the pelvis in various directions; on cutting into 
 which, much yellow, gelatinous, fluid escaped, and the 
 cysts came into view. The Uterus and Ovaries adhered 
 firmly to the diseased mass, but did not appear to be in- 
 volved in it. 
 
 14. Uterus and Ovaries: — one of the Fallopian tubes ob- 
 
 structed ; the other pervious, with a small cyst attached 
 to its extremity. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Connell, 
 Assistant Surgeon, Rifle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from a young married female, who never had 
 children. 
 
 15. Exhibits Scirrhus of the Uterus. — Ireland. — Presented hy 
 
 Mr. Cavet, Assistayit Surgeon, 91th Regiment. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 16. Uterus, — with enlargement of the left Ovarium. — Malta. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Ho- 
 spitals. 
 
 The individual from whom this preparation was taken, 
 a Maltese, set. 32, died of dropsy. When an incision 
 was first made into the ovary, some cavities were found 
 in it containing a viscid fluid. 
 
 17. Right Ovarium enlarged, and containing many cavities. — 
 
 Ibid. — Preseyited by the same. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding. The 
 cavities were originally filled with a viscid fluid. 
 
 Class v.— MALFORMATIONS. 
 
 1. Acephalous Foetus. — History unattainable. 
 
 2. A Horse-shoe Kidney. — Presented by Dr. Boj/cher, Sur- 
 
 geon, 36th Regiment. 
 
 From a patient, who died of diarrhoea. 
 
MALFORMATIONS. 195 
 
 3. The same, — with thickening and indentations of its cap- 
 
 sule. — Fort Pitt. — Hntory unattainable, 
 
 4. The same, — with three Ureters, each terminating in the 
 
 Bladder. — Ibid. — History unattainable. 
 
 5. Lobulated Kidney, — situated in the Pelvis. — Ibid. 
 
 6. Congenital Malformation of the generative organs in the 
 
 male : the fraenum preputii deficient, and the scrotum 
 bifid. — Presented by Dr. Kinnis^ Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 Taken from a child a month old. 
 
 7. Cyst, — filled with medullary matter, and communicating 
 
 with the Cranium of a Foetus. — Mauritius.— History 
 unattainable. 
 
 8. Acephalous Foetus. — History unattainable. 
 
 9. Penis, — showing the Urethra opening at the frasnum, and 
 
 a false orifice at the glans. 
 
 10. Pelvis of a Foetus, — exhibiting an imperforate Anus. 
 
 Death took place a few hours after birth. 
 
 11. Foetus, — exhibiting deficiency of the abdominal parietes. 
 
 — Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 This child lived two hours after birth. 
 
 1 2. A Pig with two faces. — Jamaica. — Presented by Mr. La- 
 
 mont, Surgeon f 91 st Regiment. 
 
 13. Foetus,— exhibiting the following lusus : the inferior ex- 
 
 tremities growing from the back ; the placenta forming 
 the base of the abdomen ; the Larynx and CEsophagus 
 descending on the left side of the spine, which is very 
 much distorted to the right ; the Heart, below the Ster- 
 num, covered with a thin membrane ; a similar mem- 
 brane forming the parietes of the abdomen. — Malta. — 
 Presented by Mr. Lightbody, Surgeon, 80th Regiment. 
 
 14. Foetus, — exhibiting Malformation of the Heart: the Aorta 
 
 arising from the right ventricle, which communicates 
 with the left, immediately below the origin of that vessel. 
 — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rijle Bri- 
 gade. 
 
 The Foetus was of about six months' growth. 
 
 15. Kitten with two WeSids.— Malta.— Presented by Major 
 
 Groves, 80th Regiment. 
 
 o 2 
 
196 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 16. Plover,— one of the inferior extremities deficient. 
 
 17. Chicken, — with one head, and two bodies. 
 
 18. Kitten, — having one head, and two bodies united above 
 
 the umbilicus, but distinct below that point. 
 
 19. The Stomach, and part of the Duodenum of a Child; the 
 
 former without pylorus, the latter deficient at its upper 
 portion, and connected with the stomach by cellular 
 tissue only. — Malta.— Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, 
 Rifle Brigade. 
 
 Taken from a child, who lived five days after birth. 
 
 20. Lamb, — having one head, with two bodies united at the 
 
 Sternum, and eight legs. — Ionian Islands. — PrescJited 
 by Dr. Erly, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 21. The Hand of an infant with six Fingers: the thumb 
 
 wanting. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant 
 Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 The subject from which this preparation was obtained 
 was aged nine months. The corresponding extremity 
 was in a similar condition. 
 
 22. The Foot of an infant with six Toes. — Ibid. — Presented 
 
 by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. The corre- 
 sponding foot exhibited a similar phenomenon. 
 
 23. A Duckling with double Head and Neck. — Dublin. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Farnden, Surgeon of the Royal Mili- 
 tary Asylum. 
 
 Class VI.— MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 1. Section of a sarcomatous Tumour. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Removed from the arm. 
 
 2. Section of medullary Sarcoma of the Mamma. — Presented 
 
 by the Royal College of Surgeons, Edijihurgh. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS. 197 
 
 3. Scirrhous female Breast. — North America. — History unat- 
 
 tainable. 
 
 4. Fungoid Tumour from the Elbow. — London. — Presented 
 
 by Mr. T. Beny, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From William Douby, 49 years of age, who, having 
 fallen from his cart, and bruised his right arm, shortly 
 after perceived a small tumour on his elbow, which was 
 removed, and the wound united by the first intention. 
 Four or five years afterwards, a fungoid tumour began 
 to form on the same part, which, being extirpated, 
 was found to weigh sixteen ounces. (Vide Drawing, 
 No. 65.) 
 
 5. A Tumour of cartilaginous structure. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Removed from a man's hip. 
 
 6. Scirrhous Mamma. — hondon. — Presented by Mr. T. Berry^ 
 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 Removed from an unmarried lady, aet. 44-, who as- 
 signed a blovv, received seven months previously, as the 
 cause of its formation. 
 
 7. Large encysted Tumour in the neck of a Fowl. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 The bird was much emaciated. 
 
 8. Tumour of cartilaginous structure. — Mediterraneaji. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 Removed from the thigh of a soldier of the 51st Re- 
 giment. 
 
 9. Section of a Cancerous Mamma. — Presented by the Royal 
 
 College of Surgeons, Fdinburgh. 
 
 From a middle-aged woman, whose breast, while 
 nursing, acquired a very considerable size from Fungus 
 ha^matodes, which was removed : but a tumour again 
 formed nearly as large as the former; and she died six 
 months after the removal of the first. 
 
 10. Tumour of cartilaginous structure. — Fori Pitt. 
 
 Removed from a man's hip. 
 
 11. Fungus haematodes of the Leg, — injected. — Chatham. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Bushe, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 Removed by the donor, from a man aet. 56, the limb 
 being amputated above the knee. Six months pre- 
 viously, he had received a contusion on the Tibia ; ulce- 
 ration took place, and to it succeeded a fungus, which 
 
198 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 was growing rapidly, and bleeding profusely. The stump 
 healed in three weeks, and no return of the disease had 
 taken place nine months after the operation. 
 
 12. Presents Fungus haematodes, injected. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Henry Chapman, 21st Dragoons, admitted on 
 his arrival from the Cape of Good Hope, where he had 
 served eleven years, and enjoyed good health, until he 
 received a blow on the left side, when the tumour in 
 question made its appearance, and increased so rapidly, 
 that the patient died about eight months after its first 
 appearance. (Vide Drawing, No. 74.) 
 
 13. Exhibits an adipose Tumour. — Chatham. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Robertson, Surgeon, Royal Navy. 
 
 Removed from the foot of a convict in the Dock-yard. 
 
 14. Scirrhous Breast. — Presented by Dr. Hosack, Surgeon to 
 
 the Forces. 
 
 From Captain D., who was slightly wounded in the 
 breast by a musket-ball, while serving in Spain. Some 
 time after the wound had healed, this tumour appeared, 
 and was extirpated with favourable result. 
 
 15. Section of a Coagulum found between the peritoneum, 
 
 and abdominal muscles. — London. — Presented by Mr. 
 Hoisoship. 
 
 The Tumour formed by the coagulum occurred in a 
 man on whom the operation of paracentesis abdominis 
 had taken place between the crista ilii and umbilicus. 
 
 16. Scirrhous Breast. — London. — Presented by Mr. T. Berry, 
 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 Removed from a woman, 45 years of age. 
 
 17. Capsule of an encysted Tumour. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Sarcomatous Tumour. — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Caseous matter, deposited between the peritoneum, and 
 
 abdominal muscles. — Gibraltar. — Presented by Mr. 
 Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From a sailor boy, who died of marasmal wasting. 
 
 20. Another specimen of similar disease. — Ibid. — Presented by 
 
 the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 21. Carcinomatous female Breast. — Gibraltar. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Fraser, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
MISCt:LLANEOUS. 199 
 
 22. Fungus haematodes of the Leg, with diseased Tibia, — 
 
 injected.— i^o;7f Pitt. 
 
 From Edward Gardner, aet. 37, 83rd Regiment. The 
 disease commenced in Ceylon, ten months previous to 
 admission, in the form of a tumour of a purple colour, 
 succeeded by ulceration. A pale fungus then sprouted 
 up, which, at the period of his reception into the Ge- 
 neral Hospital, having assumed a dark purple colour, 
 and constantly bleeding, amputation was deemed expe- 
 dient, and was, accordingly, performed with apparent 
 success. 
 
 23. Section of the preceding. — Ibid. 
 
 24. Bones, — evacuated from the Stomach, Vagina, and Uterus 
 
 of a girl. — Malta. — Fresented hij Dr. Calvert^ Deputy 
 Inspector General. 
 
 From a healthy girl, aet. 19, who was suddenly at- 
 tacked widi violent inflammatory fever, and pulmonic 
 disease. These symptoms were reduced by antiphlogistic 
 measures, when meteorism, retention of urine, and heat 
 of the whole body supervened ; as well as very violent 
 hysteria, and paralysis of the lower extremities. These 
 maladies continued, more or less, for eighteen months. 
 At length, the portions of bone exhibited in the prepa- 
 ration were evacuated, and the patient perfecdy reco- 
 vered. 
 
 25. Exhibits the Mamma in the male unusually developed, 
 
 but without any apparent morbid alteration of structure. 
 — Malta. — Presented hy Mr. O^Brien^ Assistant Surgeon, 
 1th Fusileers. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of the 7th Fusileers, who died 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 26. Section of a Foot, — exhibiting deposidon of melanotic 
 
 matter under the integuments. — Mauritius. 
 
 From a black slave, aet. 29. The affection first ap- 
 peared in the sole of the foot. The leg was amputated. 
 The inguinal glands were similarly diseased, and had 
 proceeded to ulceration. Many similar deposits existed 
 beneath the integuments of the leg and thigh, as also 
 in the Heart, Lungs, and Liver. 
 
 27. The corresponding section of the same Foot. — Ibid. 
 
 28. Tubercular Melanosis under the integuments of the Leg. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
200 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 29. Section of tlie muscular substance of the Leg,— presenting 
 
 well-defined effusions of blood beneath the integuments. 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 From Michael Fox, aet. 41, 6th Regiment, admitted, 
 on arrival from India, moribund of Scorbutus. He died 
 in a tit of dyspnoea. After death, the Lungs were found 
 to be remarkably engorged, and cedematous; and the 
 mucous tunic of the bronchia; inflamed. The integu- 
 ments of the legs were marked with yellow patches, and 
 blue circular blotches. 
 
 30. Presents a similar effusion beneath the integuments, and 
 
 in the intermuscular spaces. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 3L Coagulum expelled from the Stomach. — Canterbury.— 
 Presoited by Mr. Jemmett, Assistant Surgeon, 12th 
 Lancers. 
 
 From a sick soldier of the J 2th Lancers, who vomited 
 this substance after eating a breakfast of bread and milj<. 
 Violent symptoms of gastric and enterilic inflammation 
 succeeded, from which the patient eventually recovered. 
 
 32. Fungus hsematodes, springing from the under surface of 
 
 the great toe of the right Yoot.— Canterbury. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 119. Class IIL Loco- 
 motion. Division L 
 
 33. Tumour, — consisting of a sac containing hair. — Jamaica. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Draper, Deputy Lispector General of 
 Hospitals. 
 
 Excised from the neck of a horse. 
 
 34. Cyst of a Tumour from the scalp, with its bed. — Malta. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rijle Brigade. 
 
 The matter forming the tumour was of a soft and 
 albuminous nature. 
 
 35. Exhibits the buffed coat of Blood taken from a patient 
 
 labouring under continued kver.—Ibid. — Presented by 
 the same. 
 
 36. Coins, — removed from the thigh of an Officer. — Presented 
 
 by Sir James MGrigor, Bart. M.D. F.B.S. Director 
 General of the Army Medical Department. 
 
 (Vide Hennen's Principles of Military Surgery, p. 82.) 
 
 3/. Tumour, — in a state of ulceration, formed chiefly of cells 
 
PAINTINGS. 201 
 
 filled with coagulated blood. — Jamaica. — Presented by 
 Mr. Draper i Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 Removed from a black soldier of the 2nd West India 
 Regiment. 
 
 38. Presents a small Tumour on the upper mandible of a 
 
 Bird. 
 
 39. Exhibits a mass of enlarged lumbar glands. — Malta. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Martin, Surgeon, 73rd Regiment. 
 
 In this case the mesenteric glands were also much en- 
 larged, and there were tubercles in the Omentum. 
 
 40. Exhibits anormal union between the Ligamentum teres 
 
 and the head of the Os femoris. — Ibid. — Presctited by 
 Dr. Connel, Assistant Surgeon, llijle Brigade. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 41. Small Tumour from the shoulder, its structure analogous 
 
 to that of the integuments. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr, 
 Fiddes, Surgeon, S5th Regiment. 
 
 42. One hundred and eighty-one Pebbles, and two pieces 
 
 of Lint, which had been swallowed, and passed per 
 annm. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Swallowed with a suicidal object, by an insane patient 
 in the Military Lunatic Asylum, and passed at stool, 
 without prejudice to his health. 
 
 43. A fatty Tumour. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, As- 
 
 sistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Removed from the thigh of a man, who died of fever. 
 
 PAINTINGS. 
 
 1. Exhibits an impervious state of the Pulmonary artery, 
 
 with four vicarious pulmonary branches, one of them 
 aneurismal. — History unattainable. — Painted, and pre- 
 sented, by Mr. Schetky, Deputy Inspector General of Ho- 
 spitals. 
 
 2. Ulceration of the Stomach, Intestine, and Lung. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. — Painted, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as Preparation No. 1 9. Class II. 
 
J05f PAINTINGS. 
 
 Digestion. Division II. (Vide Fasciculus of Anatomical 
 Drawings from the Museum of the Army Medical De- 
 partment. Plate IX. fig. 1.) 
 
 3. Exhibits extensive intestinal Intus-susception. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 Painted, and presented, by Mr. Schetky, Dejmty Lispector 
 GeJieral of Hospitals. 
 
 From the subject of Preparation No. 20. Class II. 
 Digestion. Division IV. 
 
 4. Stomach, Liver, small Intestines, and urinary Bladder, 
 
 affected with large masses of vesicular structure grow- 
 ing from their peritoneal coat, and sending down pen- 
 dulous portions, supported by processes of peritoneum. 
 — Painted, a7\d presented, hy the same. 
 
 Taken from a soldier of the 88th Regiment. 
 
 5. Vesicular masses in the Omentum, and Colon. — Painted, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 6. Phagedenic ulceration of the Penis. — Edinburgh. — Painted, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 From a patient in the Royal Infirmary. The disease 
 first commenced by a slight abrasion unconnected with 
 any syphilitic cause, or with coition. 
 
 7. Brain, — exhibiting Hydrocephalus internus. The right 
 
 side of the Brain is laid open, and some of the fluid 
 still left: the septum lucidum is perforated by an irre- 
 gular, ragged, opening, showing the depth ot the fluid 
 of the left ventricle, and divided (without dissection) 
 into two layers, one of which is folded, and supported 
 by a hook : the plexus choroides is seen coming up 
 from the cornu ammonis, and passing through the 
 foramen Monroianum : blood-vessels inosculate round 
 the thin walls of the ventricle. — Painted, and prese?ited, 
 by the same. 
 
 From a child seven years of age. 
 
 8. View of the base of a Skull greatly enlarged from Hydro- 
 
 cephalus. — Edinburgh. — Painted, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 From a young fisherman, who attained the age of 
 twenty years before he died. The skeleton is preserved 
 in Mr. Liston's Museum. 
 
 9. Exhibits ulceration of the buttocks. —Ibid. — Painted, and 
 
 presented, by the same. - 
 
PAINTINGS. 203 
 
 From Robert Sims, tailor, a patient in the Royal 
 Infirmary. His disease was originally syphilitic : he 
 had two chancres on the prepuce, which appeared eight 
 days after suspicious connexion, and were followed by 
 buboes: after using mercury slightly for two months, 
 his complaints yielded. About this time, a bright red 
 spot appeared on the perineum, and afterwards a small 
 tumour on the hip, which ulcerated, and spread until it 
 joined the other, attended by much pain. At length, 
 the ulceration reached the extent presented in the 
 Painting. 
 
 10. Inflammation of the theca of the Medulla Spinalis. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. — Painted, and presented, by Mr. Schetki/, De- 
 ■pxiti) Inspector Geiieral of Hospitals. 
 
 From John Burch, 67th Regiment, agt. 60, who was 
 admitted into hospital, moribund, with gangrenous swell- 
 ing of the right arm. Previous to death, which took 
 place in a few hours afterwards, he became affected with 
 tetanus. On dissection, the vessels in the spinal chord 
 were found gorged with blood, and the theca was very 
 red ; the inflammation, however, did not extend to the 
 substance of the spinal marrow itself. (Vide Fasciculus 
 of Anatomical Drawings from the Museum of the Army 
 Medical Department, Plate II. fig. 2.) 
 
 11. Exhibits Molluscum pendulum in the face, accompanied 
 
 by tubercular affection of the back, and upper extre- 
 mities. — Edinhurgli. — Painted, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 This disease, which occurred in a weaver, a patient 
 in the Royal Infirmary, was of long standing, free from 
 pain, and of imperceptible origin. The principal tu- 
 mour, which was soft and moveable, was appended to 
 the right eyelid. When extirpated, its structure was 
 found to be cellular, and moderately vascular. It was 
 not ascertained whether regeneration subsequently took 
 place. 
 
 12. Elephantiasis of the right lower extremity. — Ibid. — 
 
 Painted, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From a woman, a patient in the Royal Infirmary, in 
 whom the disease appeared suddenly after a slight fe- 
 brile attack at Gibraltar, and in a few days attained the 
 size represented in the Painting. 
 
 13. Exhibits pustular eruption, mixed with encrusted ulcers, 
 
204- PAINTINGS. 
 
 diffusesl over the whole surface of the body : also a fe- 
 male Head, with ulceration of the tongue and under 
 lip. — Fort Pitt. — Painted^ and 'presented, hy Mr. Schetky, 
 Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 From the same subject as Preparation No. 7. Class 1. 
 Respiration. Division I. (Vide Fasciculus of Anato- 
 mical Drawings from the Museum of the Army Medical 
 Department, Plate VI.) 
 
 14. Exhibits pustular eruption on the face; with pustules 
 
 and ulcers on the shoulders, and upper extremities. — 
 Edinburgh. — Painted, and presented, l)y the same. 
 
 From Mary Waddell, set. 50, a patient in the Royal 
 Infirmary, who had been profusely salivated ten years 
 before for a supposed syphilitic affection. Tlie eruption 
 rapidly disappeared by appropriate treatment, the case 
 terminating by desquamation. 
 
 15. Exhibits medullary Sarcoma in the Leg: also a section 
 
 of a small Fungus hfpmatodes. — Ibid. — Painted, and 
 2)rese7ited, by the saine. 
 
 This tumour adhered but slightly to the surround- 
 ing parts ; the gastrocnemius and soleus were pale and 
 attenuated, stretched over the tumour, and perforated 
 by it at a spot where a fungus had begun to appear : 
 one coagulum of blood was obvious. The mass was in- 
 tersected by septa of a consistence not firm enough to 
 resist forcible tearing ; from these the different portions 
 could be turned out with the fingers. Two such por- 
 tions are represented. Amputation being performed, 
 the man did well. — The Fungus ha;matodes was also 
 successfully extirpated from the calf of the leg. 
 
 16. Cancerous ulcer on the Hand and fore-arm. — Ibid. 
 
 From a woman, a patient in the Royal Infirmary. 
 The arm was amputated, and the disease had not re- 
 turned two months after the operation. — This picture 
 also represents a fungoid, malignant, ulcer above the 
 heel, of which the history is unknown. 
 
 17. Ulcerated opening in the left side of the Perineum : the 
 
 result of lithotomy. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Fungus haematodes, springing from the under surface of 
 
 the right great Toe. — Canterbury. — Presented by Dr. 
 Logan, Surgeon, 5fh Dragoon Guards. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 32. Class VI. ; but 
 taken in an earlier stage of the disease. 
 
DRAWINGS. 205 
 
 19. Exhibits deep ulcerations in the Nates. — Edinbiirgh. — 
 Presented by Professor Li^ars. — History unattainable. 
 
 DRAWINGS. 
 
 1. Exhibits an internal view of tlie Larynx and Trachea, 
 
 with a fistulous external opening between the thyroid 
 and cricoid cartilages ; and a highly inflamed state of 
 the mucous membrane. — Betigal. — Presented by Dr. 
 Brown, Surgeon, S7 th Regiment. 
 
 From Thomas Fullerton, 87th Regiment, who, in an 
 attempt at suicide, divided the Larynx with a razor : 
 the wound healed, with the exception of the opening 
 shown in the drawing. The patient died a month after- 
 wards of acute Bronchitis, brought on by the continued 
 irritation produced by the opening. 
 
 2. Exhibits the appearance of the Trachea and Bronchiae 
 
 in acute, and chronic Bronchitis. — Fort Pitt, — Drawn, 
 and presented, by Mr. Schethy, Deputy Inspector General 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 3. Tuberculated Lung, with a vomica of considerable size, 
 
 and tough, smooth, parietes. — Ibid. — Drawn, and pre- 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 From a patient who died of Phthisis. 
 
 4. Represents Lungs in a very advanced stage of tubercu- 
 
 lar degeneration ; with vomicae of various sizes, one of 
 great extent. — Ibid. — Drawn, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 5. Exhibits the Pericardium, and surface of the Heart, in 
 
 Carditis. — Ibid. — Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 21. Class. L Circula- 
 tion. Division I. 
 
 6. Enlargement of the Heart, with adhesion of the Pericar- 
 
 dium to its substance; the right auricle and ventricle 
 laid open. — History unattainable. 
 
 7. View of the interior of the left auricle, and ventricle, of 
 
 the same Heart. 
 
206 DRAWINaS. 
 
 8. View of the cavity of an Aneurism of the Aorta. — History 
 
 unattainable. 
 
 9. External view of a carotid Aneurism. — Draiicn., and pre- 
 
 sented, hy Mr. Stratford^ Assistant Swgeo?i to the Forces. 
 
 10. Represents a diffused Aneurism of the popliteal Artery. 
 
 (Vide No. 60. Class I. Circulation. Division II.) — 
 Dra'W7i, a7id pesented, by Mr. Rolland, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 4:th Regiment. 
 
 11. An Instrument used for the Torsion of Arteries. — Ham- 
 
 burgh. — Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 12. External, and internal view of the effect of Torsion of 
 
 Arteries. — Ibid. 
 
 13. Stricture of the Qllsophagus near its termination in the 
 
 Stomach ; accompanied by excrescences, growing ex- 
 ternally from the Duodenum. — Ireland. 
 
 14. Another view of the same; with part of a soft fungous 
 
 excrescence growing from the internal surface of the 
 Stomach, at its cardiac orifice. — Ibid. — Both drawn, 
 and presented, by Dr. Brown, Surgeon, 2nd Dragoon 
 Guards. 
 
 In this case, the Stomach was highly vascular ; the 
 inferior extremity of the CEsophagus was thickened and 
 discoloured for about three inches, tapering gradually 
 downwards to the cardia, where it was so constricted 
 as to admit with difficulty the passage of the smallest 
 catheter. The fungous excrescence I'epresented in the 
 second drawing grew from the cardiac portion of the 
 mucous tunic of the Stomach; it was about ten inches 
 round at its outer edge, and half an inch thick in the 
 centre, gradually becoming thinner towards its circum- 
 ference, and resembled a longitudinal section of a bunch 
 of grapes at half growth. There was, also, a morbid 
 enlargement of the ductus communis choledochus, pro- 
 duced by a fungous growth at its entrance into the 
 Duodenum. Two opaque caseous excrescences, like- 
 wise, grew from, and were firmly attached by broad, 
 vascular bands to, the same viscus ; the base of the 
 largest being, moreover, fastened to the cardiac end of 
 the Stomach by a fine, pellucid, membrane, spread 
 along its upper curvature. 
 
 15. View of the peritoneal surface of a portion of Ilium, — 
 
DRAWINGS. 207 
 
 exhibiting inflammation, and granular effusion of lymph. 
 — Chatham. — Drawn, and presented, hy Mr. Rolland, 
 Assistant Surgeon, Uh Regiment.— History unattainable. 
 
 16. Represents a portion of Ilium strangulated in an anormal 
 
 aperture of the mesentery. — History unattainable. 
 
 17. Exhibits the appearance of a patch of peritoneal inflam- 
 
 mation of Intestine ; also, of an ulcer of its mucous 
 tunic. — Draxcn, and presented, by Mr. Rolland, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, Mh Regiment. — History unattainable. 
 
 18. Perforation of the parietes of the Cgecum from ulceration. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 19. Portion of Colon, — showing increased vascularity of its 
 
 mucous membrane, and small circular ulcers, having a 
 pustular character : the inner surface of the Rectum 
 studded with similar ulcers : and a part of the lining 
 tunic of the Ilium, in which well defined ulcers also 
 exist. — Drawn, and presented, by Mr. Rolland, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, Uh Regiment. 
 
 Taken from a child, who died of small-pox. 
 
 20. Stomach and Duodenum, — exhibiting the effects of poison. 
 
 ^Edinburgh. — Presented by Dr. Macintosh. 
 From No. 11. Class II. Digestion. Division II. 
 
 21. Exhibits the morbid condition of the Colon contrasted 
 
 with the comparatively healthy state of the Jejunum. — 
 Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 Taken from the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 22. Shows the state of the termination of the Colon, and whole 
 
 of the internal surface of the Rectum: also the appear- 
 ance of the gums after deVi\\\. — Ibid.— Presented by the 
 same. 
 
 From the same subject as the two preceding. 
 
 23. Portion of Liver, — its external surface discoloured and 
 
 granulated. — History unattainable. 
 
 24. Variolar YixsiuXQS.— Edinburgh. — Drawn, and presented, 
 
 hy Mr. Rolland, Assistant Surgeon, Uh Regiment. 
 
 25. Pustular eruption, accompanying vaccination, — Ibid.—' 
 
 Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From the wife of a soldier of the 92nd Regiment, who, 
 two days after vaccination, was attacked with vomiting, 
 and pain in the limbs. On the ninth day the vaccine 
 
208 DRAWINGS. 
 
 vesicles appeared on the arm ; and, on the thirteenth, 
 the eruption dehneated in the drawing made its ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 26. The Face of an infant, covered with the pustules of con- 
 
 fluent sniall-pox,in an advanced stage. — DrawJi, and pre- 
 sented, by Mr. 'Rolland, Assistant Surgeon, \th Regiment. 
 
 27. Exhibits a papular eruption, connected with syphilis. — 
 
 Edijiburgh. — Drawn, and •presented, by the same. 
 
 From a soldier of the T^th Regiment, who had been 
 treated for primary syphilis with mercury : two months 
 afterwards, the eruption here delineated made its ap- 
 pearance ; and, at the same time, he was attacked with 
 ulceration in the septum narium, and in the Pluirynx. 
 
 28. Presents confluent variolar Pustules on the back of the 
 
 Hand. — Chatham. — DraW7i, a7id presented, by the sa?ne. 
 From Corporal William Ray, Grenadier Guards, 
 set. 21. A case of severe small-pox, which terminated 
 favourably. 
 
 29. Acne punctata, extensively spread over the back. — 
 
 Chathaju. — Drawn, a?id pj-esented, by the same. 
 
 From Michael Glynn, 4th Regiment, a young man 
 of fair complexion. The eruption had appeared some 
 time before, and slowly increased. 
 
 30. Represents Herpes zoster on the side, in an advanced 
 
 stage. — Fort Pitt. — Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 From William Turner, I'tth Regiment, aet. 40, who 
 was admitted with this cutaneous affection extremely 
 well marked. It was ushered in by considei'able fever. 
 The drawing was not made, until the vesicles, having 
 maturated and scabbed, had lost their characteristic ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 31. Pustular eruption on the upper part of the Face. — Edin- 
 
 burgh. — Presented by Mr. Lyons, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 From a soldier of the 92nd Regiment, who had been 
 vaccinated in early life. 
 
 32. Presents small Abscesses, with livid integuments sur- 
 
 rounding them, in different parts of the body. — Ibid. — 
 Pr-esented by the same. 
 
 From a young soldier of the 94th Regiment. The 
 disease was accompanied by marasmus : the abscesses 
 terminated in ill-conditioned ulcers. 
 
DRAWINGS. 
 
 209 
 
 33. Exhibits Abscess in the right hemisphere of the Brain. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. — Dramiy and presented., hy Mr. Schetky, De- 
 puty Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 From No. 4. Class ill. Sensation. Division I. 
 
 34. External appearance of the left hemisphere of the Brain, 
 
 — exhibiting venous congestion on the surface, and a por- 
 tion of dura mater adherent; also an internal section of 
 the same, in a state of softening, with bloody puncta ef- 
 fused into its substance. — Edinburgh. 
 
 Taken from a lady, who died three weeks after child- 
 birth. The longitudinal sinus was almost obliterated, 
 near the point of lesion seen in the drawing, by thicken- 
 ing and induration of its parietes, and an exudation of 
 lymph, mixed with a hard coagulum of blood, which led 
 to the enlargement of the veins beyond the obstruction. 
 These were filled with coagulated blood, and their coats 
 thickened and inflamed. Rupture had taken place in 
 many points on the surface, and also in the substance of 
 the Brain itself. 
 
 35. Inflamed membranes of the Spinal chord.— Fort Pitt.— 
 
 Drawn, and jiresented, by Mr. Sc/ictky, Deputy Inspector 
 General of Hospitals. 
 
 From John Owen, 13th Light Dragoons, who, having 
 received a contusion on the loins, by a fall from his horse, 
 became paraplegic. He lingered in this state above a 
 year, and sunk, at length, from an accumulation of 
 sloughing bed sores. After death, on laying open the 
 spinal canal, it was observed that the medulla spiralis 
 was unusually soft ; and at the situation of first dorsal, 
 and two lower cervical, vertebrae, the theca was dis- 
 covered to be at least thrice its natural thickness, and 
 morbidly vascular, whilst the medullary matter of the 
 chord itself was converted into a dusky, semi-transparent, 
 yellowish substance, somewhat resembling paste, or jelly,^ 
 both in colour and consistence. (Vide Fasciculus of 
 Anatomical Drawings, from the Museum of the Army 
 Medical Department, Plate II. fig. 1.) 
 
 36. Exhibits dense Cataract of tlie right eye.— Ibid. — Drawn, 
 
 and presented, hy Mr. Holland, Assistant Sttrgeon, ^th 
 Ftegiment. 
 
 From a soldier of the 93rd Regiment, in whom the 
 disease had been many years forming. 
 
 37. An opaque Cataract of the right eye,— with adhesion of 
 
210 DRAWINGS. 
 
 the pupillary margin of the iris to the capsule. — Ibid. — 
 Draw?!, cwd prese?ited, by the same. 
 
 From John Harrison, 96th Regiment, sent home from 
 Bermuda with this disease, the result of ophthalmia, 
 which was brought on by the accidental application of 
 paint to the eye. 
 
 38. Transparent Staphyloma of the left cornea. — Ibid. — 
 
 Draivn, a7id presented, by the same. 
 
 From John Ford, 9th Regiment, aet. 27. The conse- 
 quence of an attack of opththalmia in the West Indies. 
 
 39. Exhibits Leucomaof theleft cornea. — Ibid. — Diaxm, and 
 
 presented, by the same. — History unattainable, 
 
 40. Presents extensive Caries of the Cranium, and bones of 
 
 the face. — Edinburgh. — Presented by Dr. Stewart, Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. — History unattainable. 
 
 41. Represents a Fracture of the left Parietal bone. — Glas- 
 
 gow. — History iinattainable. 
 
 42. Fracture, to a considerable extent, in the left side of the 
 
 basis of the Cranium. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as the preceding. 
 
 43. Exhibits deficiency of the greater part of the right Parietal 
 
 bone; the Brain Qy.^o%<ii}i.— Presented by Mr. Armstrong, 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 From R. Hollyhock. This bone was removed by 
 operation, for the cure of long-continued headache, after 
 a fall on the head, but without any beneficial result. 
 
 44. Exhibits a Penis, — its external prepuce covered with large 
 
 clusters of verrucie. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 These excrescences form the subject of Preparation 
 No. 14. Class IV. Division I. 
 
 45. Exhibits Carcinoma of the Testis, and Scrotum.— //j/c?.— 
 
 Drawn, and j^resented, by Mr. RoUand, Assistant Surgeon, 
 ^th Regiment. 
 
 This disease forms the subject of Preparation No. 27. 
 Class IV. Division I. 
 
 46. Presents a more advanced stage of the same. — Jbid. — 
 
 Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 47. Induration, enlargement, and discolouration of the Scro- 
 
 tum ; with fungated ulcer rising from the right testicle. 
 —Ibid.— Drawn, and jn'esented, by the same. 
 
DRAWINGS. 211 
 
 From a soldier of the 2nd Regiment, who was ad- 
 mitted with disease of the testicle. 
 
 48. Exhibits ulceration, induration, and discolouration of the 
 
 Labia pudendi. — Edinhurgh. — Presented hy Dr. Mac- 
 intosh. 
 
 From a child, between three and four years of age: 
 the disease appeared six weeks after an attack of measles, 
 which had been attended with much pulmonary and in- 
 testinal irritation, and proved fatal in fourteen days. 
 
 49. Anterior view of Elephantiasis of the Labia pudendi. — 
 
 Barhadoes. — Presented by Dr. Dease^ Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 This disease forms the subject of Preparation No. 4. 
 Class IV. Division IL 
 
 50. Posterior aspect of the same mass. — Ibid. — Presented hy 
 
 the same. 
 5L Exhibits the state of the Labia, immediately after the re- 
 moval of this morbid growth. — Ibid. — Presented by the 
 same. 
 
 52. Shows the parts of generation, after the final healing of 
 
 the wounds made in the operation. 
 
 53. Exhibits dorsal Abscess, connected with ulceration of the 
 
 Vertebrae.— i^o/i Pitt. — DrwjD?!, and presc7ited, by Mr. 
 Schetky, Deputy hispector General of Hospitals. 
 
 From Bernard M'Cann, »t. 23, 50th Regiment, a 
 feeble, scrofulous subject, admitted for fistula in perineo. 
 A slight curvature in the dorsal region of the spinal 
 column was perceptible, and tumefaction, but without 
 sense of fluctuation to the left of it. No alteration of this 
 state of things took place until his death, which followed 
 an attack of acute Broncliitis. On examination, a large 
 abscess was found seated on the front of the spine, ex- 
 tending from the sixth cervical, to the eighth dorsal, 
 vertebra, and containing eighteen ounces of purulent 
 matter. The Aorta and CEsophagus were thrown in 
 front of this large sac : the bodies of the dorsal vertebrae 
 were in a carious state ; and the intervertebral substance 
 was in a great degree absorbed. (Vide Fasciculus of 
 Anatomical Drawings, from the Museum of the Army 
 Medical Department, Plate I.) 
 
 54. Internal view of diseased Knee-joint. — Draxan, and pre- 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 p 2 
 
212 DRAWINGS. 
 
 55. Hypertrophy, with dilatation, of the Heart; and tuber- 
 
 cular formation in the substance of its parietes. — Eilin- 
 hurgh. — Presented hy Dr. Macmtosh. 
 
 From a woman, between twenty and thirty years of 
 age, of vicious habits, who expired suddenly, without 
 previous indication of disease, having always been repre- 
 sented as a remarkably healthy person. 
 
 56. Front view of a Monster, consisting of the junction of the 
 
 superior parts of two female Foetus. — Malta. — Draxmi, 
 and presented, hy Dr. Calvert, Deputy Inspector Gene- 
 ral of' Hospitals. 
 
 57. Back view of the same Monstrosity. — Ibid. — Draxmi, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 58. Exhibits phagedenic ulceration in the left groin: knee 
 
 and foot sphacelated. — Edinburgh. — Drawn, and pre- 
 sented, by Mr. Rolland, Assistant Surgeon, '^th Regiment. 
 In this case, the femoral artery ulcerated, and was tied 
 above Poupart's ligament. The patient died, twenty days 
 afterwards, of mortification of the knee and foot. 
 
 59. Malignant ulcers on the nose, cheeks, and upper lip. — 
 
 Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 60. Tongue, — exhibiting morbid secretion. — Fort Pitt. — 
 
 Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From Serjeant Moriarty, 46th Regiment, a phthisical 
 patient. Taken to show the state of the tongue in that 
 disease ; the edge of a crimson colour, its centre white, 
 furred, and rough. 
 
 61. Exhibits loss of all the toes, with ulceration, and expo- 
 
 sure of the metatarsal bones ; the effect of congelation. 
 — Fort Pitt. — Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From George Bateman, a negro, whose feet were frost- 
 bitten on his voyage to England. 
 
 62. Malignant ulceration of the lower Jaw. — Drawn, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 6.3. Shows the inner aspect of a lower extremity affected with 
 Fungus haematodes. — Drawn, and presented, by Mr. 
 Leslie. 
 
 64. Outer view of the same case. — Drawn, and presented, by 
 
 the same. 
 
 65. Fungoid Tumour of the elbow. — London. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. T. Beiry, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
DRAWINGS. 213 
 
 From the case which forms the subject of Preparation 
 No. 4. Class VI. 
 
 66. Appearance of a pestilential Carbuncle. — Malta. — Draw?!, 
 
 aiid presented, by Dr. Calvert, Deputy Lispector General 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 From one of the cases which occurred in 1813. 
 
 67. Extensive sarcomatous Tumour in the mouth. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. — Dratim, and presented, by Mr. Holland, Assistant 
 Surgeon, Mli Regivient 
 
 From Patrick Jordan, 41st Regiment, invalided from 
 India, on account of a tumour in the mouth, occupying 
 nearly the whole of its cavity, and sending processes 
 downwards to the back part of the Pharynx. It, appa- 
 rently, had its origin in the left Antrum maxillare. It 
 was firm, somewhat moveable, and divided into two por- 
 tions by a deep fissure. (Vide Cast No. 3.) 
 
 68. The same, in a more advanced stage. — Ibid. — Dra'wn, and 
 
 prese7ited, by Mr. JVycr, Surgeon, l^th Regiment. 
 
 69. Ulceration of the toes, and sole of the foot. — Ibid. — 
 
 Dra-jon, and presented, by Mr. Schethy, Deputy Inspector 
 General. 
 
 From Peter Lavens, set. 25, who was admitted with 
 ulcers on the penis, followed by ulceration of the tonsils, 
 and pustular eruption. The disease in the foot appeared 
 while the patient was under the influence of mercury, but 
 did not heal on its omission. (Vide Fasciculus of Ana- 
 tomical Drawings, from the Museum of the Army Me- 
 dical Department, Plate IV. fig. 2. and 3.) 
 
 70. Congenital Tumour, on the left arm of a child. — Cliat- 
 
 Jiam. — Drawn, and presented, by the same. 
 
 From John Holloway, aged 14 days, son of a soldier 
 of the Royal Sappers and Miners. At birth it was about 
 half the size here delineated, which was as follows; 
 length 44 inches, circumference 1 1 inches, external sur- 
 face 5f inches. 
 
 71. Large Tumour, protruding from the forehead and nose. 
 
 — Edinhirgh. — Presented by the same. 
 
 This was a case of congenital deficiency of the eth- 
 moid and orbital portions of the frontal bone, with se- 
 rous effusion, projecting from within the cranium, ana- 
 logous to spina bifida. The external appearance re- 
 sembled funjius haemalodes. 
 
214 DRAWINGS. 
 
 72. Encephaloid Tumour, growing from the right side of the 
 
 head, accompanied by an enormous fissure in the pa- 
 late. — Chatham. — Presented by Mr. Pargeter. 
 
 From the child of Corporal Blackwood, Royal Sappers 
 and Miners. The head was of a conical shape; the tu- 
 mour resembled a kidney, being 1 1| inches in its longest 
 surface, and eight in its lateral superficies. It was soft 
 and pulpy to the touch, without pulsation, and of low 
 temperature : it appeared to contain the greater part of 
 the cerebrum. The Orbicularis muscle of the right eye 
 was exposed ; the eye itself disoi'ganized ; the left was, 
 also, imperfect: the palate was divided from the extre- 
 mity of the nose, by a fissure directly back to the Pha- 
 rynx : the velum pendulum, uvula, and tonsils were 
 all deficient. The nose had a horny prominence near 
 its extremity : the tongue was thick and large. There 
 were also malformations of the fingers and toes ; some 
 wanting phalanges, others partially, or entirely, deficient 
 in nails; others having interdigital membranes, like web- 
 footed animals. The child lived forty-five days. 
 
 73. Exhibits Chancre on the Penis, with extensive ulceration 
 
 in the right groin. — Drawn, and presented, by Assistant 
 Surgeon iStewarf, 28th Megimetit. 
 
 The sore in the groin measured eighteen inches, reach- 
 ing from the superior spinous pi-ocess of the Ilium, to 
 the verge of the anus. It ultimately healed. 
 
 74. Tumour situated on the left side. — Fort Pitt. — DraKan by 
 
 Mr. Dodson. (Vide Class VI. No. 12.) 
 
 From the case which forms the subject of Preparation 
 No. 12. Class VI., but taken at an earlier stage. 
 
 75. Polypus of the Antrum maxillare. — Ibid. — Drawn, and 
 
 presented, by Mr. Schetky, Deputy Inspector General of 
 Hospitals. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 88. Class III. Loco- 
 motion. Division I. 
 
 76. Carcinoma on the cheek. — Fort Pitt. — Draxm, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 From the same subiect as Preparation 87. Class III. 
 Locomotion. Division I. 
 
 77. Cancer of the under lip: sore lobulated. — Ibid. — Draitm, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 In this case the lymphatic glands in the neck were 
 much enlarged. 
 
Pill NTS. 215 
 
 ■Draiai^ and pre- 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 From the same subject as No. 76, in a less advanced 
 stage. 
 
 79. Supposed to represent a horny substance growing from 
 
 the neck of a female. — History unattainable. 
 
 80. Exhibits a large fungoid excrescence from the Parotid 
 
 gland, accompanied by tumefaction of the superior ex- 
 tremity of the StQvnunu— Deal— Presented by Mr. Freer, 
 Hospital Assistant to the Forces. 
 
 From John Verner, 3rd Foot Guards, admitted into 
 hospital on his arrival from Flanders, with extensive 
 gangrenous ulceration in the left groin, the result of 
 syphilitic infection, which healed and broke out again 
 during several months, when the lesions exhibited in 
 the drawing made their appearance. 
 
 PRINTS. 
 
 1. Represents inflammation of the theca of the Medulla 
 spinalis. — Fort Pitt. — Engraved from Painting No. 10. 
 
 2. Elephantiasis of the face. — Edinburgh. 
 
 This disease occurred in a boy, a native of the West 
 Indies, about sixteen years of age. It was accompanied 
 by ichthyosis, ulceration of the fauces, great debility, and 
 excessive sensibility to cold. 
 
 3. Congenital Tumour in the arm of an infant. — Chatham. 
 
 — Engraved by Dr. Neale, Assistant Inspector of Ho- 
 spitals, from Draxmng No. 70. 
 
 4. Fatal Polypus in the right side of the Heart.— Engraved 
 
 by Mr. Stc'ocart, Assistant Surgeon, 2nd Dragooiis. 
 
 5. Tumour, — growing from the Perineum. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Murray, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 This tumour was afterwards excised by Mr. Liston. 
 
[ 216 ] 
 
 CASTS. 
 
 1 . Female Monster, having a double body and extremities, 
 
 with single head — Presented by Sir James M'Grigot\ 
 Bart. M.D. F.E.S., Director General of the Army Me- 
 dical Department. 
 
 On dissection of this lusus, the bones of the head 
 were found correct in number, but unduly large: the 
 cerebrum was natural. There were two Medullse ob~ 
 longatae ; one Trachea ; one pair of Lungs ; one Heart ; 
 a perforation in the diaphragm, through which the right 
 lobe of the Liver protruded into the chest ; two Spleens ; 
 two large Kidneys; two urinary Bladders; one CEso- 
 phagus ; one Stomach ; one Duodenum, divided at its 
 lower end into two parts ; and two Uteri. 
 
 2. Exhibits a large fossa in the forehead, created by Necrosis 
 
 and separation of a great part of the Os frontis. — Fort 
 Pitt. — Taken^ and ipresented^ by Dr. Hennen^ Assistant 
 Surgeon, Royal Military Asylum. 
 
 From the same subject as Preparation No. 96. Class 
 in. Locomotion. Division L 
 
 3. Sarcomatous Tumour in the mouth. — Ibid. 
 
 From the same subject as Drawings Nos. 67. and Q)?). 
 
 4. Sarcomatous Tumour in the cheek. — Edinburgh. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Sir George BallingaUy Professor of Military 
 Surgery. 
 
 The tumour, of which this is a cast, was removed 
 from Hugh Nevinson, £Et. 51, by the donor. (Vide Cli- 
 nical Lecture delivered at the Royal Infirmary, July 
 1827, p. 21.) 
 
 5. Sarcomatous Tumour, situated behind the angle of the 
 
 right lower jaw. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 This tumour, when removed, was found adherent to 
 the mastoid, and stiloid, processes of the temporal 
 bone: in dissecting it out, the facial artery was divided, 
 and the trunk of the carotid laid bare for nearly an inch 
 and a half of its course. It was of a dense sarcomatous 
 structure; and contained within it several large cells, 
 filled with a bloody fluid. The patient, a fine young 
 woman, made a speedy recovery. 
 
CASTS. 217 
 
 6. Fungous Tumour in the left groin. — Ibid. — Presented hij 
 
 the same. 
 
 Taken from Robert Auld, an idiot boy, after death. 
 (Vide Chnical Lecture delivered at the Royal Infirmary, 
 July 1827, p. 13; also, Edinburgh Medical and Sur- 
 gical Journal for October 1827.) 
 
 7. Enormous osteo-sarcomatous Tumour, springing from 
 
 the lower jaw. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. — History 
 unattainable. 
 
 8. Inguinal Hernia of the left side. — Taken, and i^resented, 
 
 by Dr. Hennen, Assistant Surgeon, Royal Military 
 Asylum. 
 
 9. Large Tumour, involving the whole of the left buttock. 
 
 — History unattainable. 
 
 10. Case, containing fifteen coloured glass Models, illustrative 
 of morbid aifections of the Eye. — Presented by Mr. Al- 
 lan, Assistant Surseon to the Forces. 
 
Part IL— NATURAL ANATOMY. 
 
 RESPIRATION. 
 
 1 . Exhibits the cartilages and muscles of the Larynx, with 
 
 their attachments to the Os hyoides above, and Trachea 
 below. — Fort Pitt.— Prepared hy Mr. Fagg, Assistant 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Shows the minute ramifications of the Bronchise. — Edin- 
 
 burgh. — Presented hy Professor Munro. 
 
 3. Right lobe of the Lung of a still-born Foetus, — injected. 
 
 — Fort Pitt. — Prepared, and j^resented, hy Mr. Gulliver, 
 Assistant Surgeon, list Regiinent. 
 
 4. Thoracic viscera of tlie Foetus, — minutely injected. — Ibid. 
 
 — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 5. Section of adult Lung, — injected to exhibit the vascularity 
 
 of the air-cells. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 6. A similar injection with the same view. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 7. Another section of Lung, — minutely injected. — Ibid. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 8. Thymus gland, — from a young subject. — Ibid. 
 
 9. The same, — from an adult. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. Fagg, 
 
 Assistafit Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 CIRCULATION. 
 
 Exhibits the Circulation in the Fcjetus, with its peculiari- 
 ties. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared, a7id presented, by Mr. Ford, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 12nd Regiment. 
 
DIGESTION. 219 
 
 2. Foetal Heart, — displaying the condition of the foramen 
 
 ovale. — Ibid. — Prepared, a7id presented, by Mr. Gzdliver, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiineiit. 
 
 3. Another, — displaying the same, with some variation of 
 
 form. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 4. Another, — illustrative of the same subject. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 
 pared, end presented, by the same. 
 
 5. Another, — exhibiting the same foramen ; the Ductus ar- 
 
 teriosus partially closed. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. 
 Scott, Surgeon, Ilijie Brigade. 
 
 From a child, who died five days after its birth. 
 
 6. Arteries of the superior extremity, — injected. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by Mr. Menzies, Assista?it Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 7. Arteries of the Pelvis, and inferior extremity, of a sub- 
 
 ject about ten years of age, — injected. — Fort Pitt. — Pre^ 
 pa7'ed, and prese7ited, by Mr. Fagg, Assistant Swgeon to 
 the Forces. 
 
 8. Arteries of the Head, — injected. — Ibid. 
 
 9. Arm of an adult, injected, — exhibiting high bifurcation 
 
 of the Brachial artery. — Ibid. 
 
 10. Portion of Aorta, — in which the different tunics of an 
 artery are shown. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presetited, by 
 Mr. Gidlivcr, Assistant Surgeon, 7 i st Regiment. 
 
 \\. Mercurial injection of the erectile tissue of the fingers. — 
 Ibid. —Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 12. The same,— of the thumb. — Prepared, and presented, by 
 
 the same. 
 
 13. Mercurial injection of the blood-vessels of the fingers. 
 
 —Ibid. 
 
 DIGESTION. 
 
 L Upper Jaw of a Foetus at the sixth month, injected, to 
 display the vascularity of the dental capsules.— Fort 
 
220 DIGESTION. 
 
 Pitt. — Prepared, and presented^ hy Mr. Gtdliver, As- 
 sistafit Surgeon, 71st Regiment. 
 
 2. Lower Jaw of the same, injected with the same view : one 
 
 tooth turned out of its capsule, to show the membrane 
 which secretes the Enamel. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 sented, hy the same. 
 
 3. Exhibits the five dental Sockets in both Maxillae of the 
 
 Foetus. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 4. The deciduous Teeth, and order of succession of the per- 
 
 manent Teeth, in a child, four years of age. — Ibid. — 
 Prepaj-ed, and p)resented, by the same. 
 
 5. Jaw of a child, prepared to illustrate the process of Den- 
 
 tition. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals. 
 
 6. Right half of the Tongue, minutely injected, to exhibit 
 
 the median line. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regimeiit. 
 
 7. Adult Tongue, minutely injected, in which the three sets 
 
 of mamillee are shown. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by the same. 
 
 8. Foetal Stomach injected, to exhibit the extreme vascu- 
 
 larity of its inner tunic. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 9. Pyloric valve in the adult. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 10. Pylorus, and portion of Duodenum, — showing the entrance 
 
 of the pancreatic duct, and common bile duct, into the 
 latter. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 11. Duodenum injected, to exhibit its vascularity. — Ibid. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 12. Portion of foetal Jejunum, — showing the absence of the 
 
 valvulaB conniventes at this period. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 and prese7ited, by the same. 
 
 13. Part of the foetal Jejunum minutely injected, to exhibit 
 
 its vascularity. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 14. Portion of adult Jejunum injected and inverted, to exhibit 
 
 the vascularity of the valvulae conniventes. — Ibid. — 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
SECRETION. 221 
 
 15. Portion of the same Intestine, injected to show the vascu- 
 
 larity of the inner surface. — Fort Pitt. — Pre]pared^ and 
 presented, by Mr. Gulliver., Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Re- 
 giment. 
 
 16. Portion of .Tejunum minutely injected, to show the vascu- 
 
 larity of the valvulae cormiventes. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 and presejited, by the same. 
 
 17. Portion of Ilium, minutely injected. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 18. Portion of Ilium, minutely injected, — exhibiting the glan- 
 
 dular aggregatee. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by 
 the same. 
 
 19. Another portion of the same Intestine, injected. — Ibid. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 20. Portion of small Intestine, — the arteries and lacteals in- 
 
 jected. — Ibid. 
 
 21. Portion of small Intestine, injected. — Ibid, 
 
 22. Exhibits the Ilio-colic valve. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by Mr. Gidliver, Assistant Surgeon, 71st Regi- 
 mefit. 
 
 23. Transverse arch of the foetal Colon, — exhibiting the de- 
 
 ficiency of the appendices epiploicse at this period of 
 existence. — Ibid. — Prepared, and p)resented, by the same. 
 
 24. Exhibits the Appendix vermiformis c^ci, during infancy. 
 
 — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rifie Bri- 
 gade. 
 
 25. Lymphatics, injected with mercury. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 SECRETION. 
 
 1 . Mercurial injection of the Absorbents of the Liver. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 2. The same, of the Absorbents of the Gall-bladder. — Ibid. 
 
 — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant 
 Surgeoti, 7]st Regiment. 
 
'■/rri SECRETION. 
 
 3. The same subject continued. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by Mr. Gidliver, Assistant Surgeon, 71st Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 4. Mercurial injection of the Absorbents of the Liver. — Ibid. 
 
 — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 5. Gall-bladder, — the Absorbents displayed by mercurial in- 
 
 jection. — Ibid. 
 
 6. Gall-bladder, — the Absorbents injected with mercury, and 
 
 the cystic artery with wax. — Ibid. 
 
 7. Absorbents of the Gall-bladder, injected with mercury. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 8. Foetal Spleen, — minutely injected. — Ibid.— Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 71st Re- 
 giment. 
 
 9. Adult Spleen, — its structure displayed, — Malta. — Pre- 
 
 pared, and presented, by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector 
 of^ Hospitals. 
 
 10. Portion of the same, — exhibiting its minute structure. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 11. Section of Kidney, minutely injected, — exhibiting the 
 
 difference between the uriniferous and sanguiferous 
 portions of the gland; the Calyces; the Infundibula; 
 the Mamillse ; and uriniferous tubes. — Fort Pitt. — 
 Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gidliver, Assistant 
 Surgeon, 71st Regiment. 
 
 12. The same subject illustrated. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 13. The same subject continued. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 14. The renal Acini, injected.— -/i/t?. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 15. Exhibits the vascularity of the supra-renal glands, the 
 
 lobular structure of the foetal Kidneys, and the situa- 
 tion of the Bladder. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by the same. 
 
 16. The supra-renal glands, and lobular structure of the 
 
 foetal Kidneys. — Lbid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 \'J. Section of foetal Kidney, minutely injected. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 pared, and 2n'ese?ited, by the same. 
 
SENSATION. 223 
 
 18. Exhibits the supra-renal ghinds, and lobular structure 
 
 of the Kidneys before birth. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared^ and 
 "presented^ hy Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Re- 
 giment. 
 
 19. Kidney, — corroded to display the blood-vessels. — Ibid. 
 
 20. Dermis, — minutely injected. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, bij the same. 
 
 21. Exhibits the vascularity of the foetal Dermis. — Und. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, hy the same. 
 
 22. Exhibits the vascularity of the adult Dermis. — Ibid. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 23. Exhibits the attachment of the hairs to the Dermis of 
 
 the scalp. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 24. Exhibits the median line of the Scalp : the injection has 
 
 run minutely on one side, and on the other the larger 
 vessels only are filled. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by the same. 
 
 25. Portion of Integument, highly injected, — Ibid. 
 
 SENSATION. 
 
 1. Portion of Dura mater, — its external and internal layers 
 
 separated. — Malta. — Presented hy Dr. Davy. 
 
 2. Portion of Nerve, injected to show the vascularity of the 
 
 nervous structure, and neurilema. — Fort Pitt. — Pre- 
 pared, and presented, hy Mr. Gidliver, Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 71st Regiment. 
 
 3. Dissection of the Nerves of the face and scalp. — Edin- 
 
 burgh. — Presetited hy Professor Munro. 
 
 4. Exhibits the Facial nerve, together with the supra and 
 
 infra-orbital branches of the Fifth pair. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Jemmett, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 5. Internal view of the foramen centrale of the Retina. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gulliver, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
224 SENSATION. 
 
 6. External view of the same foramen. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, hi) Mr. Gtdliver, Assistatit Surgeon, list Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 7. Fcetal Retina injected, to show its vascularity. — Ibid. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 8. Tunica choroides, — minutely injected. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 a7id j)resented, by the same. 
 
 9. The Tunica choroides and Membrana pupillaris of a 
 
 Foetus at the seventh month, minutely injected ; the lat- 
 ter partly absorbed. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by the same. 
 
 10. Exhibits the vascularity of the foetal Choroid tunic. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 11. The same subject illustrated. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 12. Membrana pupillaris, minutely injected, — the vascular ra- 
 
 mifications seen extending over the membrane in a 
 radiated form. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 13. Foetal Crystalline lens: the capsule minutely injected, 
 
 and the vessels arranged in a radiated form round its 
 posterior part. — Ibid. — Prepared, and. presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 14. Mercurial injection of the Ven^ vorticosae of the Eye. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 15. Exhibits the vascularity of the capsule of tiie Crystalline 
 
 lens in a Foetus of seven months. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 16. Exhibits the Ophthalmic artery, and appendages of the 
 
 Eye, injected. — Ibid. 
 
 17. The Ciliary processes of the Eye, minutely injected. — 
 
 Edinburgh. — Presented by Professor Munro. 
 
 18. Exhibits the Retina, with the Pigmentum nigrum. — 
 
 Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 19. The Choroid tunic, minutely injected. — Ibid. — Presented 
 
 by the same. 
 
 20. Exhibits the Lachrymal duct, in an adult. — Malta, — Pre- 
 
SENSATION. 
 
 225 
 
 pared^ and presented, hij Dr. Davy, Assiatani Inspector 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 21. Tendon and pulley of the Obliquus externus of the Eye. 
 
 — Malta.—Prepared, and presejited, by the same. 
 
 22. Exhibits the Chorda tympani passing across the Mem- 
 
 brana tympani of the Ear, between the Malleus and 
 Incus. The Portio dura is also shown, emerging from 
 the stilo-mastoid foramen.— i^'oj/ Pitt.— Prepared, and 
 presented, by Mr. Gidliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Re- 
 giment. 
 
 23. Exhibits the Vestibulum, Semicircular canals, cavity of 
 
 the Tympanum, and Annulus membranse tympani, — 
 Jl)i(l. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 24. Exhibits the Membrana tympani, Ossicula auditus hi situ, 
 
 Cochlea, and its communication v/ith the Foramen ro- 
 tundum. — Ibid. — Prepared, and jyresented, by the same. 
 
 25. Exhibits the vascularity of the Membrana tympani.— 
 
 Hid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 26. Ossicula auditus in the Foetus.— /^zU — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 27. The same,— in the 2id\x\t.--Ibid.— Prepared, arid pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 28. Exhibits the external Ear ; Meatus auditorius externus ; 
 
 the Ossicula auditus in their situation; the Chorda 
 tympani, situated between the handle of the Malleus 
 and long leg of the Incus ; and the connexion of the 
 Membrana tympani and Malleus : injected, and from 
 the adult subject. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by 
 the same. 
 
 29. Exhibits the Membrana tympani, Ossicula auditus. Sta- 
 
 pedius muscle, and Mastoid cells. — Prepared, arid pre - 
 sented, by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Surgeon to 
 the Forces. 
 
 30. The osseous parts of the organ of Hearing. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 31. The osseous parts of the organ of Hearing, with the course 
 
 of the Facial werye.— Prepared, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
226 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 32. Exhibits the Cochlea, and Semicircular canals. — Prepared^ 
 
 and presented, by Dr. Farqnhar M'Crae, Assistant Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. 
 
 33. Cochlea ; with the Infundibiilum, Semicircular canals, and 
 
 Vestibule. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 1. Exhibits the radiated structure of the Parietal bone. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gidliver, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 71st Regiment. 
 
 2. Parietal bone of the Foetus, — injected, to exhibit its vas- 
 
 cularity. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 3. Shows the vascularity of the Parietal bone, and its in- 
 
 vesting membranes, the Pericranium and Dura mater. 
 
 — Ibid. — Prepared, and presefited, by the same. 
 
 4. Exhibits the vascularity and progress of ossification in 
 
 the last portion of the Spinal column. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 a7id prese7ited, by the same. 
 
 5. Vascularity of the ossific germs of the foetal Spine. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 6. Cancellous structure of adult Bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 7. Exhibits the progress of ossification of the Spinal co- 
 
 lumn. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 8. The same, — in the Sternum. — Ibid. — Prepared, aiid pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 9. The same, — in the Ethmoid bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 10. The same, — in the Temporal bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 1 1 . The same, — in the Os innominatum. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 12. The same,— in the Scapula. — Ibid.— Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
LOCOMOTION. 227 
 
 13. The same, — in the Parietal bone.—i^or^ Pitt. — Preparedy 
 
 a?id presented, by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st 
 Regiment, 
 
 14. The same, — in the Occipital bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 15. The same, — in the Frontal bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 16. The same, — in the Sphenoid bone. — Ibid. — Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 17. Entire Skeleton of a young male, articulated. — Paris. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 18. Entire Skeleton of a young female, articulated. — Fdin- 
 
 burgh. — Presented by Mr. Jemmett, Surgeon to the 
 Forces. 
 
 19. Skeleton of an adult, unarticulated, and incomplete. — 
 
 Fort Pitt. 
 
 20. Cranium of a young subject. — Ibid. 
 
 21. Bones of the Head and Face of a young subject. — Ibid. 
 
 22. Bones of the Head of a young subject. — Ibid. 
 
 23. The same, — injected. — Ibid. 
 
 24. Pelvis of an adult female. — Ibid. 
 
 25. Bones of female Hands, unarticulated. — Ibid. 
 
 26. Os femoris of a young adult. — Ibid. 
 
 27. Portion of costal Cartilage,— displaying its internal struc- 
 
 ture. — Malta. — Prepared, and prese7ited, by Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 28. Cranium of an Englishman. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 29. Cranium of a German. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assist- 
 
 ant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 30. Another specimen. — Preserited by the same. 
 
 31. Cranium of a Grecian. — Presented by Mr. Pilkington, 
 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 32. Cranium of a Grecian female. — Presented by the same. 
 
 S2 
 
228 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 33. Cranium of" a Grecian, from Sumos. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Williams, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 34. Cranium of a Grecian, from Cephalonia. — Presented hy 
 
 Dr. M Arthur^ Surgeon, 90th Regiment. 
 
 35. Front of the Cranium of a Grecian girl. — Presejited by 
 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 36. Cranium of an ancient Greek, from Samos. — Presentedby 
 
 Dr. M^ Arthur, Surgeon, 90th RegimeJit. 
 
 37. Cranium of an ancient Greek. — Presented by Dr. Davy, 
 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, 
 
 38. Cranium of a Grecian Suicide. — Presented by the same, 
 
 39. Cranium of a Grecian. — Presented by Mr. Pilkington, 
 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 40. Cranium of a Grecian, from Cerigo. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Huthwaite, Assistant Surgeon, 90th Regiment. 
 
 41. Cranium of a Candian Hero. — Presented by Dr. Davy, 
 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 42. Cranium of a Canadian. 
 
 43. Cranium of a Brahmin. — Presented by Dr. Brown, Deputy 
 
 Lispector General of Hospitals. 
 
 AA. Cranium of a Gentoo, of high caste. — Preseiited by the 
 same. 
 
 45. Cranium of a Moor man. — Presented by the same. 
 
 46. Cranium of a Moor woman. — Presejited by the same. 
 
 47. Cranium of a Moor boy. — Presented by the same. 
 
 48. Cranium of a Hindoo. — Presented by the same. 
 
 49. Cranium of an aged Hindoo. — Presented by Mr. G. R. 
 
 Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, 4flst Regiment. 
 
 50. Cranium of a Hindoo. — Presented by Dr. Burke, Inspector 
 
 General of Hospitals. 
 
 51. Cranium of a Hindoo female. — Presented by Mr. G. R. 
 
 Dartyiell, A^sista/it Surgeon, 41s/ Regiment. 
 
 52. Cranium of a Pariaii. — Presented by Dr. Brown, Deputy 
 
 Inspector General of' Hospitals. 
 
LOCOMOTION. 229 
 
 53. Cranium of a Pariah female. — Presenled by Dr. Brown, 
 
 Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 54. Cranium ofa Pariah, of the lowest caste. — Presented by the 
 
 same. 
 
 55. Cranium ofa Burmhese. — Presented by the same. 
 
 56. Cranium of a Burmhese female. — Presented by the same. 
 
 5/. Cranium ofa Singalese. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assist^ 
 ant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 58. Cranium of a Malay, from Prince of Wales's Island. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Alexander. 
 
 59. Cranium of a Malay. — Presented by Dr. Broisoji, Deputy 
 
 hispector General of Hospitals. 
 
 60. Cranium of a native of Batavia. — Presented by Mr. Alex- 
 
 ander. 
 
 61. Cranium ofa native of Batavia. — Presented by the same. 
 
 62. Cranium of a native of Java. — Presented by the same. 
 
 63. Cranium of a black native of New South Wales. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Gibson, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 64. Cranium of a black native female of the same. — Pre- 
 
 sented by the same. 
 
 65. Cranium of an aboriginal native of New Holland. — 
 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 ^. Cranium of a black native of New South Wales. — Pre- 
 sented by the same. 
 
 67. Cranium ofa native of New South Wales. — Presentedby 
 
 Mr. Lister, Assistant Surgeon, 51th Regiment. 
 
 68. Cranium of a native of New South Wales. — Presented by 
 
 Dr. Gibson, Assistajit Surgeofi to the Forces. 
 
 69. Cranium ofa Boy, native of Van Diemen's Land. 
 
 70. Cranium of a native of New Zealand. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 M'Leod, Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 71. Cranium of a native of New Zealand. — Presented by the 
 
 same. 
 
 72. Cranium of a native of New Zealand. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Imlay, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
230 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 73. Cranium of a black native of the Mauritius. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Kt?ims, Assistant Surgeo?i to the Forces. 
 
 74. Cranium of a native of Madagascar. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Tighe, Assistant Surgeon, "15th Regimeiit. 
 
 'Jb. Cranium of a native of Mozambique. — Presented by Mr. 
 Ford, Assistant Surgeon, 72nd Regiment. 
 
 76. Cranium of a Caffre Chief. — Presented by Mr. Overton, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 3rd Regiment. 
 
 J'J. Cranium of a black native of South Africa. — Presented 
 by Mr. Morgan, Assistant Surgeon, 55th Regime?it. 
 
 78. Cranium of a Bosjesman. 
 
 79. Cranium of Avil, a Bosjesman Chief. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Ford, Assista?it Surgeon, 12nd Regiment. 
 
 80. Cranium of a Bosjesman. — Presented by Mr. Morgan, 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, 55th Regiment. 
 
 81. Cranium of a Caffre Chief. — Presented by Dr. Davy, As- 
 
 sistant Insnector of Hospitals. 
 
 82. Cranium of a Hottentot. — Presented by Mr. Overton, As- 
 
 sistant Surgeon, 3rd Regiment. 
 
 83. Cranium of a Hottentot insurgent. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Ford, Assistant Surgeo7i, 72nd Regiment. 
 
 84. Cranium of Mogambo, a Caffre Chief. — Presented by 
 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 85. Cranium of an Eboo, — " the lowest and most wretched 
 
 of all the African tribes." — Edwards. 
 
 86. Cranium of a Fantee. 
 
 87. Cranium of an Ashantee. 
 
 88. Another specimen. 
 
 89 to 1 36. A series of Crania of Maniacs. 
 
 137. Cranium of Charles Brooks, an executed Malefactor. — 
 
 New South Wales. — Presented by Dr. Gibson, Assistant 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 138. Cranium of Isaac Smith, a Malefactor. — Ibid. — Pre- 
 
 sented by the same. 
 
LOCOMOTION. 231 
 
 139. Cranium of a Bushranger, wlio was executed. — New 
 
 South Wales. — Presented hy Dr. Gibson^ Assistant Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. 
 
 140. Cranium of Edward Watson, executed for Murder. — 
 
 Ibid. — Presented, by the same. 
 
 141. Cranium of a Murderer. — Ibid.^-Presented by Dr. 
 
 M'Lcodf Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 142. Cranium of Lot M'Namara, an executed Criminal. — 
 
 Ibid. — Presented by Dr. Gibson, Assistant Surgeon to 
 the Forces. 
 
 143. Preserved Head of a native of New Zealand. 
 
 144. Preserved Head of a female of New Zealand. 
 
 145. Cranium, — the bones separate, but approximated by 
 
 mechanism. — Paris. — Presented by Dr. James Monro, 
 Assistant Surgeo7i, 7th Fusileers. 
 
 146. Skeleton of a Foetus, about the sixth month. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 14/. Exhibits the Ligaments of the Shoulder-joint. — Ibid. — 
 Prepared, and presented, by Mr, Fagg, Assistant Sur- 
 geo7i to the Forces. 
 
 148. Ligaments of the Elbow-joint. — Ibid. — Prepared, and 
 
 presented, by the same. 
 
 149. Ligaments of the Wrist, with the interarticular cartilage 
 
 exposed. — Ibid. — Prepared, aiid presented, by the same. 
 
 150. Ligaments of the Hip-joint. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 151. Exhibits the Crucialligaments and Semilunar cartilages 
 
 of the Knee-joint. — Ibid. — Prepared, a7id presented, by 
 the same. 
 
 152. Knee-joint of a young subject, injected.— iizd — Pre- 
 
 pared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 153. Ligaments connected with the Ankle-joint, and adjoin- 
 
 ing parts. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the 
 same. 
 
 154. Bursa between the tubercle of the Tibia and Ligamen- 
 
 tum patellae. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. 
 Gulliver, Assistant Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. 
 
232 GENEHATIOK. 
 
 155. Biceps, — injected, to illustrate the vascularity of Muscle. 
 
 — Fort Pitt.— Prepared.) and presented, hi/ Mr. Gidli- 
 ver, Assistant Sjirgeoji, 7 1st Regi7netit. 
 
 156. Vascularity' of Muscle, — displayed in a single penniform 
 
 muscle. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 157. Pelvis, — having all the Ligaments displayed ; and, also, 
 
 exhibiting a remarkable natural deficiency of the an- 
 terior part of the capsule of the left Hip-joint. — Pre- 
 pared, a7id 2>rese7ited, by Dr. Fanpihar M'Crae, Assist- 
 ant Sia-eeon to the Forces. 
 
 GENERATION. 
 
 1. Testis and Tunica albuginea, — minutely injected. — Fori 
 
 Pitt. — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gulliver, As- 
 sistant Surgeoii, 71st Regiment. 
 
 2. Exhibits the vascularity of the tubular structure of the 
 
 Testis. — Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 3. Tubuli seminiferi testis, — unravelled. — Ibid.— ■ Prepared, 
 
 and presented, by the same. 
 
 4. Mercurial injection of the Corpus spongiosum penis. — 
 
 Ibid. — Prepared, ajid presented, by the sarne. 
 
 5. Arteries of the Spermatic chord, Epididymis, Tunica 
 
 albuginea, and Tunica vaginalis, — injected. — Ibid. — 
 Prepared, and presented, by the same. 
 
 (5. Testicle and Spermatic chord. — Ibid. 
 
 7. Exhibits the continuity between the sac of the Peritoneum 
 
 and that of the Vaginalis testis. — Ibid. — Prepared, and 
 presented, by Mr. Gtdlive?; Assistant Snjgeon, 7 1st Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 8. Hymen and external parts of Generation, from a child 
 
 three years old, — Injected. — Ibid. — Prepared, and pre- 
 sented, by the same. 
 
 0. Mons Veneris, Labia pudendi, Nympluc, Clitoris, Pre- 
 putium clitoridis, Meatus urinarius, Vestigia hymcnis. 
 Meatus vaginuc, and Crura clitoridis, — fronj an adult. 
 
GENERATION. 233 
 
 10. External parts of the organs of Generation, from a young 
 
 female child. — Malta. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assist- 
 ant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 11. The whole of the organs of Generation, and urinary Blad- 
 
 der, of a female child. — Ibid. — Presented by the same. 
 
 12. Impregnated Uterus.— /br^ Pitt. 
 
 13. Uterus, at the eighth week of pregnancy. — Ibid. 
 
 14. Gravid Uterus at the fourth month. — Ireland. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Cavet, Assistant Surgeon, 91 fh Regiment. 
 
 15. Uterus of a female, who died shortly after delivery. — 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 16. Uterus at the full period of gestation, — the Bladder and 
 
 Rectum attached, and the blood-vessels injected. — 
 Edinbmgh. — Presented by Dr. Knox. 
 
 17. Ovum, at a very early period of gestation. — Malta. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Scott, Swgeon, Rijle Brigade. 
 
 18. Foetus, with Membranes, at about the fourth week. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 19. Foetus, with Placenta, at about the sixth week. — Chatham. 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Baker, Surgeon. 
 
 20. Foetus, with Membranes, at the second month. — Ibid. — 
 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 21. The same, at the sixth week. — Ibid. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Johnstone, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 22. The same, at the ninth week. — Canterbury, — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Steel, Assistant Surgeon, \st Dragoons. 
 
 23. The same, at the third month.— jpor^ Pitt. 
 
 24. The same, at about the fourth month. — IbicL 
 
 25. The same, at about the fifth month. — Ibid. 
 
 26. Twin Foetus from a Negress, about the fourth month. — 
 
 Mauritius. 
 
 27. Foetus, — taken from the Uterus constituting No. 14. — 
 
 Ireland. — Presented by Dr. Cavet, Assistant Surgeon, 
 91th Ilegimejit. 
 
 28. Foetus, at the fourtli month. — Chatham. — Presented by 
 
 Mr. Blythe, Assistant Surgeon, Royal Mari?ies. 
 
234 MISCELLANEOUS. — PAINTINGS. 
 
 29. The same, between the third and fourth month. — Fort 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 30. The same, at the fifth month. — Ibid. 
 
 31. The same, at the fifdi mondi. — Ireland. — Presented by 
 
 Dr. Cavet, Assista?it Surgeo?i, 97th Regiment. 
 
 32. Umbilical chord, with part of the Placenta and Mem- 
 
 branes ; from a Foetus, at the sixth month. — Malta. — 
 Presented by Dr. Scott, Surgeon, Rijle Brigade. 
 
 33. Foetus, — part of the abdominal viscera removed, to display 
 
 the Renal capsules, the situation of the Testicle, and 
 lobulated form of the Kidneys. — Fort Pitt. 
 
 34. Foetus, — part of the thoracic and abdominal viscera ex- 
 
 posed. — 3id. 
 
 35. Foetus of six months, — displaying the Gubernaculum tes- 
 
 tis, fold of Peritoneum between the Rectum and Blad- 
 der, situation of the fretal Testis, lobular structure of 
 the Kidneys, and large size of the Renal capsules. — 
 Ibid. — Prepared, and presented, by Mr. Gidliver, Assist- 
 ant Surgeon, 71st Regiment. 
 
 36. Exhibits the situation of the Testicle in the Foetus, the 
 
 Umbilical arteries, and lobular form of the Kidneys. — 
 Ibid. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 1. Exhibits some of the parts concerned in Hernia. — Edin- 
 burgh. — Presented by Professor Mimro. 
 
 PAINTINGS. 
 
 Staff* Surgeon Millar demonstrating the anatomy of the 
 Neck to Mr. Schelky.— Painted, and presented, by Mr. 
 Schelky, Deputy Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
DRAWINGS. — PRINTS. 235 
 
 2. The anatomy of the parts concerned in Hernia. — Painted, 
 and presented, hy the same. 
 
 DRAWINGS. 
 
 1. Front view of the anatomy of the Pelvis and Thighs. — 
 
 Draiim, and presented, by Mr. Schetky, Deputy Inspector 
 General of Hospitals. 
 
 2. Front view of the anatomy of the Neck, and upper Arm. 
 
 — Drawji, and presented, by the same. 
 
 3. Anatomy of the parts connected with the Subclavian 
 
 artery. — Drato/i, and presejited, by the same. 
 
 4. Nerves of the Neck. — Drawn, and presented, by Mr. 
 
 Stratford, Assistant Surgeoji to the Forces. 
 
 5. Nerves of the Trunk. — Drawn, and prese}ited, by the same. 
 
 6. Nerves of the Arm. — Drawn, ajid presented, by the same. 
 
 7. External Muscles of the Face. — Presented by Sir James 
 
 M'Grigor, Bart., M.D. F.B.S., Director General of the 
 Army Medical Department. 
 
 8. The second order of Muscles on the back of the Neck. — 
 
 Presented by the same. 
 
 9. Muscles of the side of the Trunk and Extremities. — Pre- 
 
 sented by the same. 
 
 PRINTS. 
 
 1. A Diagram of the Human Eye, from a perpendicular 
 
 section of the left orbit, with the parts contained in it, 
 — coloured. 
 
 2. A Diagram of the Human Eye, — coloured. 
 
 3. A Map of the Ear magnified to four times its natural 
 
 size, — coloured. 
 
[ 2S6 ] 
 
 CASTS. 
 
 1. Head of John Hutton, an executed Malefactor. — New 
 
 South Wales. — Taken, and presented, hy Dr. Gibson, 
 AssistaJit Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Head of William Webb, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, and -presented, by the same. 
 
 3. Head of Anne Campbell, an executed Criminal. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, and presented, by the saine. 
 
 4. Head of Patrick Malony, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, and presented, by the same. 
 
 5. Head of Thomas Mustin, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, and py-esented, by the same. 
 
 6. Head of Lot M'Namara, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, and presented, by the same. 
 
 /. Head of William Regan, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. 
 
 — Taken, a7id presented, by the same. 
 
 8. Head of John Wright, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. — 
 
 Taken, and presented, by the same. 
 
 9. Head of John Gough, an executed Malefactor. — Ibid. — 
 
 Taken, and presented, by the same. 
 
 10. Head of John Any Bird Bell, aet. 14, executed for Murder, 
 
 at Maidstone, \%'i\.— Presented by Mr. Blylhe, Assistant 
 Surgeon, Royal Marines. 
 
 11. Cranium of King Robert Bruce. — Presetited by Sir James 
 
 M'Grigor, Barf. M.D. F.R.S. Director General of the 
 Army Medical Department. 
 
 12. Cranium of George Buchanan. — Presented by the same. 
 
Part III.— COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 
 
 A. OSTEOLOGY. 
 
 Class MAMMALIA. 
 Order QUADRUMANA. 
 
 Family SiMiiE. 
 
 1 . Articulated Skeleton of an undetermined species. — From 
 
 the Museum of the Army Medical Department^ Ceylon. 
 
 2. Articulated Skeleton of an undetermined species. — From 
 
 the same. 
 
 3. Cranium of an undetermined species, from South Africa. 
 
 — Presented by Dr. A. Smith, Assist. Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 4. Cranium of Troglodytes niger. 
 
 5. Cranium of Troglodytes niger (immature). 
 
 6. Cranium of Simia cyanops? (male). — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Ford, Assistant Surgeon, 12nd Regiment. 
 
 7- Cranium of an undetermined species. 
 
 Order CHEIROPTERA. 
 
 Family Vespertilionides. 
 
 1 . Natural Skeleton of an undetermined species, from Ben- 
 gal. — Presented by Dr. Burke, Inspector General of 
 Hospitals. 
 
2.S8 BIAMMALIA. — VERJE. 
 
 2. Skeleton of Vespertilio murhms.— Presented hy Dr. Knox. 
 
 3. Cranium of an undetermined species. 
 
 Order FER^. 
 Family Insectivora. 
 
 1. Articulated Skeleton of Erinaceus europasus. — Presented 
 
 hy Dr. Kiiox. 
 
 2. Cranium of the same. 
 
 3. Cranium of an undetermined species, from Bengal. — 
 
 Presented hy Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon^ 
 41 5^ Regiment. 
 
 Family Carnivora. 
 
 1. Articulated Skeleton of Putorius vn\gav\s.~Prese7ited by 
 
 Dr. Knox. 
 
 2. Cranium of an undetermined species of Ursus. 
 
 3. Cranium of Meles vulgaris. — Presented hy Mr. Bacon, 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, Honorable Company's Service. 
 
 4. Cranium of an undetermined species of the same genus. 
 
 —Presented by Mr. G. R. Dartiiell, Assistant Surgeon, 
 A:\st Regiment. 
 
 5 to 8. Crania of an undetermined species of Mustela, from 
 Bengal. — Presented by the same. 
 
 9. Os penis of Procyon Lotor. — Presented by Mr. Burton, 
 Suigeon to the Forces. 
 
 10 to 16. Crania of several varieties of Canis familiaris. — 
 Presented by Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Stirgcon, ■^ist 
 Regiment, and Mr. Bacon, Assistant Surgeon, Honor- 
 able Company's Service. 
 
 17 to 21 . Crania of Canis aureus. — Presented by Dr. A. Smith, 
 Assistant Surgeon to the Forces, and Mr. G. R. Dartnell, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 41 5^ Regiment. 
 
 22. Cranium of Hyrcna vulgaris (male). — Presented hy Dr. 
 Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
MAMMALIA. — MARSUPIALIA— GLIRES. 239 
 
 23. Cranium of Hyjena vulgaris (female). — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 24. Cranium of Hycena vulgaris (immature). — Presented by 
 
 the same. 
 
 25. Cranium of Hyeena crocuta. — Presented by Dr. A. Smith, 
 
 Assistajit Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 26 to 34. Crania of Felis Tigris. — Presented by Dr. Burke, In- 
 spector General: Dr. Broxv?i, Dep^ity Inspector General; 
 Staff" Surgeon Grasset; and Mr. G. B. Dartnell, Assistant 
 Surgeon, ^\st Begiment. 
 
 35. Articulated Skeleton of Felis venatica. — From the Museum 
 of the A?-my Medical Department, Ceylon. 
 
 36 to 38. Crania of Felis Catus.— Presented by Mr. G. B. 
 Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, ^\st Begiment. 
 
 Order MARSUPIALIA. 
 
 1. Cranium and bones of Macropus \w?^]ov'^. —Presented by 
 the Earl of Darnley. 
 
 Order GLIRES. 
 
 1 to 4. Crania of an undetermined species of the genus Mus. 
 —Presented by Mr. G. B. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, 
 'l^lst Begimejit. 
 
 5. Natural Skeleton, from the same genus. 
 
 6 and 7« Crania of Sciurus vulgaris. — Presented by Mr. G. 
 B. DartJicll, Assistant Surgeon, ^\st Begiment. 
 
 8 and 9. Crania of Lepus timidus. — Presented by the same. 
 
 10 and IL Crania of Lepus Cuniculus. — Presented by the same. 
 
 12. Ossicula auditus of Lepus C. — Presented by Mr. Steel, 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, \st Dragoons. 
 
 13. Cranium of Cobaya. — Presented by Mr. G. B. DartnelU 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, ^\st Begiment. 
 
240 MAMMALIA. EDENTATA — PACH YDERMATA. 
 
 Order EDENTATA. 
 
 1 . Cranium of Myrmecophaga capensis. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Ford, Assistant Surgeo?i, 415^ Regiment. 
 
 2. Articulated Skeleton of Manis crassicaudata. 
 
 3. Articulated Skeleton of Manis longicaudata. 
 
 4. Natural Skeleton of Ornithorhynchus fuscus. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Jones, Surgeon, 4tOth Regiment. 
 
 Order PACHYDERMATA. 
 Family Proboscidea. 
 
 1. Cranium of Elephas indicus (immature). 
 
 2 to 4. Tusks of Elephas africanus, — one, two, and three 
 years old. — Presented by Dr. A. Smith, Assistant Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 5 to 7- Molar Teeth of Elephas indicus. — Presented by Mr. 
 G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, ^\st Regiment. 
 
 Family Pachyderma (proper). 
 
 1. Cranium of Hippopotamus amphibius. — Presented by 
 
 Dr. Bell, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Cranium of the same (immature). — Preseiited by Dr. 
 
 Murray, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 3 to 5. Teeth of the same. — Presentedby Dr. Burke, Inspector 
 General of Hospitals, and Dr. A. Smith, Assistant Sur- 
 geon to the Forces. 
 
 6. Atlas and Dentata of the same. — PreseJited by Dr. Bell, 
 Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 7 to 11. Crania of Sus Scrofa. — Presented by Dr. Burke and 
 Mr. Fraser, Inspectors General ,- Liejd. Lloyd, 1 4//^ Re- 
 giment; and Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, ^\st 
 Reiiiment. 
 
.MAMMALIA. — RUMINANTIA. 241 
 
 12. Part of the Jaws of Sus Scrofa, — exhibiting the Incisors 
 
 and Canines. 
 13 and 14. Tusks of the same, from wSouth Africa. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. A. Smith, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 15 to 19. Five Tusks from the lower Jaw, — of various sizes 
 and growth. 
 
 20. Pair of Canine Teeth from the upper Jaw. 
 
 21. Cranium of Phascocaerus africanus. 
 
 22. Cranium of Sus Babyrussa. 
 
 23. Cranium of Rhinoceros bicornis. — Presented by Mr. Mor- 
 
 gan, Assistant Surgeon, 55th Regiment. 
 
 Family Solidungula. 
 
 1. Cranium of Equus Caballus (SemsilG.).— Presented by Dr. 
 CooL-, Assistant Surgeon, 75th Regiment. 
 
 2 to 5. Part of the lower Jaws of the same, illustrating Den- 
 tition at the second, fifth, sixth, and eighth years. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Burton, Surgeon to the Forces; and Captain 
 Squire, 13th Light Infantiy. 
 
 6. The same, — showing the insertion of the Teeth into the 
 
 Alveolar processes. — Presented by Captain Squire, 1 3th 
 Light Infantry. 
 
 7, Part of both Jaws of the same, — exhibiting the state of 
 
 the Teeth in the male, at a very advanced age. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Burton, Surgeon to ike Forces. 
 
 Order RUMINANTIA. 
 Tribe Camelid.e. 
 
 1. Cranium of Camelus Dromedarius (immature).— P/r- 
 
 sented by Mr. Grasset, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Cranium of the same, at a very advanced age. — Presented 
 
 by Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon.^ A:lst Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 Tribe Cervid.e. 
 
 1, Articulated Skeleton of Moschus Meminna. — From the 
 Museum of the Army Medical Department, Ceylon. 
 
 R 
 
242 MAMMALIA. CETACEA. 
 
 2 and 3. Crania of Cervns Uania {male and lemale). — Pre- 
 sented by the Earl of Darnley. 
 
 4. Cranium of Cervus Capreolus. 
 
 Tribe CAPRiDiE. 
 
 1 and 2. Crania of Antilope Cervicapra. — Presented by Mr. 
 G. R. Dartnell, Assistaiit Surgeoii, 41s/ Regiment -, and 
 Mr. Shower, Apothecary to the Forces. 
 
 3. Cranium of Antilope Goral. — Presented by Mr. G. R. 
 Dartnell, Assistajit Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 4 and 5. Crania of Capra Hircus (male and female), — Per- 
 sian var. — Presented by Mr. Chapman, Assistant Surgeon, 
 1st Royals. 
 
 6. Cranium of Ovis Aries, — Cape var. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Ford, Assistant Surgeon, 12nd Regiment. 
 
 7. Cranium of Damalis risia. — Presented by Mr. G. R. Dart- 
 
 nell, Assistatit Surgeon, 41s/ Regi merit. 
 
 8. Cranium of Damalis strepsiceros. — Presented by Dr. A. 
 
 Smith, Assistant Surgeoji to the Forces. 
 
 9. Cranium of Damalis Orcas. — Presented by the same. 
 
 Ordkr CETACEA. 
 Family Cete. 
 
 1 to 4. Crania of Delphinus Phocaena. — One presented h 
 Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, 41s/ Regiment. 
 
 5. Ossa bulbosa of Balaena Mysticetus. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 1. Part of the Eye of a Quadruped, — exhibiting the Retina, 
 and Pigmentum nifvrum. 
 
AVES. — RAPACES — CURSORES. 213 
 
 2. The same, injected, — exhibiting the vascularity of the 
 
 Corpus ciliare. 
 
 3. Part of the Eye of a large Quadruped, — showing the an- 
 
 terior chamber of the Aqueous humour, and relation 
 of the Retina to the Ciliax-y processes. 
 
 4. The same,— exhibiting a general view of its anatomical 
 
 structure. 
 
 5. The same, — exhibiting the distribution of the Ciliary 
 
 nerves. Anterior view of the same, — injected, showing 
 the Iris, Ciliary processes, and vascularity of the Cho- 
 roid coat. 
 
 6. The same, injected, — exhibiting the three proper Coats of 
 
 the Eye, Arteria centralis Retina?, and Vasa vorticosa, 
 with the extreme ramifications of the Ciliary nerves on 
 the Choroid tunic. 
 
 Class AVES. 
 Order RAPACES. 
 
 1. Cranium of an undetermined species of Vultur. — Pre- 
 
 sented hy Mr. Grasset, Surgeon to Uie Forces. 
 
 2. Skeleton of an undetermined species of Falco. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 •3. Articulated Skeleton of Astur nisus. — Presented by Dr. 
 Knox. 
 
 Order CURSORES. 
 
 I . Sternum of Struthio Camelus. — Presented by Dr. Burke^ 
 Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 R 1 
 
24-4' AVES.— GftALLATORES PALMIPEDES. 
 
 Order GRALLATORES. 
 
 1. Skeleton of Ciconia argala. — Presented hy Mr. G. /?. 
 Dart?iell, Assistant Surgeo7i, 41 5^ Regiment. 
 
 2 and 3. Crania of the same. — Presented by Dr. Burle, In- 
 spector General of Hospitals. 
 
 A. Cranium of an undetermined species of Ciconia. — Pre- 
 sented hy Mr. Grasset, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 Order PALMIPEDES. 
 
 I and 2. Crania of Procellaria capensis. — Preseiifed by Mr. 
 Tighe, Assista7it Surgeon, 15th Regiment. 
 
 ?). Cranium of Pachyptila Forsteri. — Presented by the same. 
 
 4. Cranium, Pelvis, and Extremities of Dibmedea exulans? 
 
 h. Articulated Skeleton of Pelecanus onocrotalus. — From 
 the Museum of the Army Medical Department, Ceylon. 
 
 6. Cranium of the same. — From the same. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 Case, — containing one hundred and eight Crania of Birds of 
 the following genera: viz. — Vultur — Falco — Strix — 
 Lanius — Corvus — Picus — Sternus — Turdus — Mota- 
 cilla — Muscicapa — Alauda — Parus — Emberiza — Loxia 
 
 — Fringilla — Cuculus — Psittacus — Certhia — Alcedo 
 — Hirundo — Phasianus — Meleagris — Numida — Tetr;u> 
 — Columba — Charadrius — Tringa — Ardea — Scolopax 
 
 — Rallus — Fulica — Sterna — Larus — Anas — Mergns 
 — Colymbus — and Pelecanus. — Presented by Mr. Bacon, 
 Assistant Surgeon, Honorable Company's Service. 
 
 Case, — containing fifty-two Crania of Birds of the followiiio- 
 genera : viz. — Falco — Corvus — Oriolus — Friiigilla 
 — Alcedo — Hirundo — Charadrius — Tringa — Parra — 
 Larus — and Anas. — Presented by Mr. G. R. Dartnell, 
 
 Asi^istant Surgeon, 1-I.s7 Ix'eg/nimf. 
 
[ 24.5 ] 
 
 Class REPTILIA. 
 
 OuDEu CHELONIA. 
 
 1 to 4. Crania of Testudo Midas. — Presented hy Captain 
 Phillips, R.N. ; Staff" Surgeons Grasset and Burton ; and 
 Mr. Bacon, Assistant Surgeo?i, Honorable Company's 
 Service. 
 
 Order SAURIA. 
 
 1. Articulated Skeleton of Guviala gangetica*. — Presented 
 by Dr. Sand// am, Surgeon, llth Light Dragoo?is. 
 
 2 to 5. Crania of the same. — Presented by Mr. G. R. Dartnell, 
 Assistant Surgeon, 41s/ Regiment ,- Medical Department, 
 Ceylon ,- and Dr. Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 6 and 7- Crania of Gaviala tenuirostris. — Presented by Dr. 
 Burke, Inspector General of Hospitals. 
 
 8 to 10. Crania of Crocodilus vulgaris. — Presented, by Mr. 
 G. R. Darfnell, Assistant Surgeon, 41s/ Regiment ; and 
 Dr. A. Smith, Assistant Surseon to the Forces. 
 
 Order OPHIDIA. 
 
 1. Poison gland, Duct, and Fang of Naija vulgaris. — Pie- 
 
 sented by Mr. Grasset, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Part of the Spine and Ribs of an undetermined species of 
 
 Coluber. 
 
 * This superb and unique specimen is twelve feet three inches in length, 
 in the finest condition, and perfect in all its parts. 
 
[ 246 ] 
 
 Class PISCES. 
 Order PLAGIOSTOMI. 
 
 Family SqualidjE. 
 
 1 to 3. Jaws of Carcharias vulgaris. — Tresented by Mr. 
 Shower, Apothecanj to the Forces; Mr. Giffhey., Assistant 
 Surgeon, 16th Regiment ; a7id Lieut. Colonel Buchanan, 
 Royal E7igineers. 
 
 B. INTERNAL STRUCTURE. 
 Class MAMMALIA. 
 
 Order CHEIROPTERA. 
 
 1. Foetus of Phyllostoma Vampyrus. — Presented by Mr. 
 
 Burton, Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
 2. Plecotus auritus, — dissected, to exhibit part of the con- 
 
 tents of the thoracic and abdominal cavities. — Presented 
 by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. 
 
 Order MARSUPIALIA. 
 
 Foetus of an undetermined species, attached to the 
 Mamma. — Presented by Lieut. Bates, Sitk Regiment. 
 
 Order EDENTATA. 
 
 1. Foetus in utero of Manis crassicaudata. — Presented by 
 Mr. G. R. Dartnell, Assistant Surgeon, i 1st Regiment. 
 
AVES. — KEPTILIA. 247 
 
 2. Tongue of Ornithorhynchus fuscus. — Presented by Dr. 
 Jones, Surgeon, Wth Regiment. 
 
 3 and 4. Penis (?) of Ornithorhynchus fuscus. — Presented by 
 the same. 
 
 Order RUMINANTIA. 
 
 1. Stomachs of Capra Hircus, — exhibiting their internal 
 
 structure. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 2. Lower jaw of Capra Hircus, — exhibiting the progress of 
 
 Dentition. 
 
 Class AYES. 
 
 Stomach of Struthio Camelus. — Presented by Professor 
 Munro. 
 
 Class REPTILIA. 
 
 Order CHELONIA. 
 
 1. Chelonia caouana, — dissected, to show the structure of 
 
 the Lungs. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector 
 of Hospitals. 
 
 2. OSsophagus, Stomach, and Intestine of Chelonia caouana. 
 
 — Preseyited by the same. 
 
 13. (Esophagus of Chelonia Midas,— exhibiting the structure 
 of its inner lining. — Presented by Mr. Burton, Surgeon 
 to the Forces. 
 
 4. Male organs of Generation of Chelonia Midas. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Poole, Assistant Surgeon to the Forces. 
 
248 REPTILIA. SAURIyV — I N VEUTEBRATA. 
 
 5. Kidney of a Chelonian. — Presented by Dr. Davy^ Asshtani 
 Inspector q/' Hospitals. 
 
 Order SAURIA. 
 
 1. Chamaeleon vulgaris, — dissected to show the Ova. 
 
 2. Heart and great Blood-vessels of a large Saurian, — in- 
 
 jected. — From the Museum of the Army Medical Depart- 
 ment, Ceylon. 
 
 Division INVERTEBRATA. 
 
 1. Astacus marinus, — dissected, to show the Nervous system. 
 — Presented by Professor Munro. 
 
 2 to 4. Hirudo sanguisuga, — dissected, to exhibit the Nervous 
 
 system. — Presented by the same. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 THE FOLLOWING OBJECTS 
 
 HAVE BEEN PREPARED AND ADDED TO THE COLLECTION 
 SINCE THE CATALOGUE WENT TO THE PRESS; 
 
 By FARQUHAR M'CRAE, M.D. 
 
 Assistant Staff Surgeon, 
 
 CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ANATOMICAL SOCIETY OF PARIS ; 
 
 MEMBER OF THE ROYAL MEDICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH ; 
 
 AND FOR SEVERAL YEARS DEMONSTRATOR OF ANATOMY IN THE 
 
 SCHOOL OF PROFESSOR LIZARS OF THAT PLACE. 
 
 RESPIRATION. 
 Division L 
 
 43. Fracture of the Cricoid cartilage, in consequence of the 
 kick of a horse. — Presented by Dr. Annesley, Surgeon, 
 2nd Dragoon Guards. — Prepared by Dr. Parquhar 
 M'Craet Assistant Staff Surgeo7i. 
 
 From James White, aet. 19, 2nd Dragoon Guards. 
 This man was leading his horse, when it suddenly 
 started forward, and kicked him on the throat. Ge- 
 neral Emphysema, with great difficulty of breathing, 
 and a sensation of suffocation, immediately followed, 
 and he expired four hours after the receipt of the in- 
 jury- 
 
 Division IIL 
 
 103. A portion of Lung having a foramen in it, which com- 
 municated with the cavity of the chest, and caused 
 Pneumo- thorax. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared by Dr. Par- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
250 APJ'ENDIX. 
 
 From Michael Noon, 21st Regiment, £et. 24. This 
 individual was admitted into the General Hospital on 
 the 24th of November, \8'V2, having all the symptoms 
 of Phthisis pulmonalis. On the 15th of December it 
 was noticed (in addition to the Stethoscopic phenomena 
 usual in that disease,) that both sides of the chest emitted 
 a dull sound on percussion. This latter symptom con- 
 tinued till the 27th, when suddenly respiration became 
 very laborious and frequent, with difficult expecto- 
 ration, &c. On minute examination it was found that 
 the left side had nov/ become very sonorous on percus- 
 sion, and neither respiratory murmur nor rales could 
 be detected by the Stethoscope. Opposite the lower 
 part of the right Lung respiration had the puerile cha- 
 racter, and between the fourth and fifth ribs of that 
 side the action of the Heart was strong. By the 29th 
 all the symptoms had become aggravated ; at each in- 
 spiration the intercostal muscles of the left side were 
 puffed out, and the metallic reso?ia?ice, and occasionally 
 metallic tinkling, distinctly heard between the second 
 and third ribs near to the sternum. In addition to these, 
 the patient complained of severe pain between the two 
 last ribs of the left side, and inability to lie on the right. 
 Pulse 120, very feeble. These symptoms continued, 
 and the man having become gradually weaker, expired 
 on the 2nd of January, 1833. 
 
 Appearances on dissection. — Exterior: — The left side 
 projected more than the right. The Abdomen being 
 opened, the diaphragm on the former side presented a 
 convexity instead of a concavity on its sacral aspect, and 
 was sopushed down that its most convex part lay parallel 
 with the lowest rib. Considerable displacement of the 
 stomach, &c. was the consequence. On examining the 
 chest it was ascertained that this tumour of the dia- 
 phragm was caused by the escape of a vast quantity of 
 air into the pleural cavity, through the fistulous fora- 
 men of the Lung — seen in the preparation. The Lung 
 itself was much condensed, the Heart pushed over to 
 the right side, and the foramen situated at the exact 
 spot between the second and third ribs, where the Ste- 
 thoscope had indicated its existence before the patient's 
 death. There was little fluid in the cavity, but both 
 the Pleura pulmonalis and costalis were covered by a 
 thick layer of recently effused coagulable lymph. 
 
 A full account of the post mortem examination may 
 
APPENDIX. 251 
 
 be found in Necrological Register, vol. iv. page 3*; 
 and details of case in Medical Register, No. 143, 
 page 162. 
 
 104. A part of the Pleura lining the diaphragm, converted into 
 
 cartilage. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared by Dr. Parqxihar 
 M^Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeoti. 
 
 This specimen was obtained from the body of James 
 Hardacre, 12th Foot, set. 37, who was admitted into 
 the General Hospital from Gibraltar, in an impaired 
 state of health, which he attributed to repeated attacks 
 of fever, catarrh, &c. At the period of admission he 
 had chronic catarrh, which soon terminated in Phthisis 
 pulmonalis, of which he died. There were no symptoms 
 before death indicative of the condition of the diaphragm 
 as seen in the preparation. The state of the Pleurae was 
 as follows: — On the right side of the chest firmly or- 
 ganized bands connected the Lung to the ribs. These 
 were most numerous at its postero-superior and inferior 
 portions, the centre being comparatively free. The left 
 Lung adhered throughout to the ribs by condensed 
 cellular substance, and a cartilaginous patch about the 
 size of a crown piece was noticed on the middle of the 
 right side of the diaphragm. A full account of the post 
 mortem examination may be found in Necrological 
 Register, vol. iv. page 24; and details of case are con- 
 tained in Medical Register, No. 144. folio 62. 
 
 105. Hypertrophy of a small portion of the parenchyma of a 
 
 Lung. — Fort Pitt. — Preparedhy Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, 
 Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From William Woodhead, 35th Regiment, aet. 24. 
 From the Medical Register, it appears that this indi- 
 vidual was admitted into the General Hospital on the 
 15th of September last, affected with an obstinate bowel 
 complaint, of which he died on the 6th of November. 
 There were no symptoms befoi'e death which could 
 lead to a suspicion of a diseased condition of the tho- 
 racic viscera. At the post mortem examination, how- 
 ever, the following appearances were noticed. The 
 Lungs externally were of the natural colour, but strong 
 adhesions existed both on the left and right sides between 
 their Pleura and the Pleura costalis. Those of the right 
 were firm, transparent, and so numerous, as to re- 
 semble net-work, while on the left they were opaque, 
 glueing together, as it 
 
252 Al'PENDlX. 
 
 were, the Pleura costalis and pulmonalis throughout the 
 whole extent of the cavity. These were easily detached 
 from each other; and this being done, the pleura lining 
 the ribs and diaphragm was found studded with small 
 tubercular bodies, and numerous red patches were no- 
 ticed on the same. This inflammatory congestion was 
 most considerable, however, at the postero-inferior part 
 of the left cavity, where a small depositof recently effused 
 coagulable lymph also was found. The internal struc- 
 ture of the Lungs generally presented few marks of 
 disease. At the lower part of the left was the hyper- 
 trophied portion seen in the preparation. It had a grey 
 colour ; and when cut into, appeared studded with mi- 
 nute granules, but with no appearance of pus. Its 
 length is about two inches, and breadth one, forming 
 a fine specimen of the Hypertrophie du poiimon of An- 
 dral, or the Granulation pulmonaire of Bayle. A full 
 account of the post mortem examination may be found 
 in Necrological Register, vol. iv. page 24 ; and details 
 of case in Medical Register, No. 143. folio 85. 
 
 106. A part of the Diaphragm, having its Pleural lining 
 studded with tubercles. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 This preparation was procured from the same body 
 which furnished the preceding one; an account of it 
 will be obtained by reading that attached to No. 105. 
 
 CIRCULATION. 
 Division I. 
 
 93. Enlargement with thickening of the Pericardium. — 
 Preseiited by Mr. Davey, 7th Fusileers, Malta. — Pre- 
 pared by Dr. Farquhar M^Crae, Assistant Staff" Sur- 
 geon. 
 
 Obtained from the body of a man of 7th Fusileers, 
 who died of Pericarditis. The pericardium contained 
 about three pints of pus. No detailed account of case 
 has been received. 
 
253 
 
 Division II. 
 
 86. Arteries of the Brain partially ossified. — Presented by 
 Dr. Davy^ Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — 
 Prepared by Dr. Farqiihar WCrae, Assistant Staff" 
 Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese woman, ap-t. 92, who died of Hydro- 
 thorax. No history of case received. 
 
 8/. Partial ossification of the Basilar artery, and its branches. 
 — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Ho- 
 spitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farqiihar M'Crae, 
 Assistant Staff Surgeoii. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 95. No history of case re- 
 ceived. 
 
 88. Partial ossification of the superficial Femoral artery. — 
 
 Presented by Dr. Dazy, Assistant Inspector of Hospi- 
 tals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farqnhar M'Crae, As- 
 sistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 98, who died of Peritonitis. 
 No history of case received. 
 
 89. The Internal carotid arteries, and their branches; the 
 
 former partially ossified. — Presented by Dr. Davy, As- 
 sistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farqiihar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 95. No history of case re- 
 ceived. 
 
 90. Partial ossification of Internal carotid arteries ; and some 
 
 of the vessels forming the circle of Willis, obstructed 
 by coagula. — Presented by Dr. iVhite, Rifles, Malta. — 
 Prepared by Dr. Farqiihar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the Rifle Brigade, who died comatose ; 
 but whether the diseased condition originated from in- 
 ternal or external causes, is not mentioned in the do- 
 cument. The information received is, that on dissection 
 the cortical substance of the Brain was found in a state 
 of ramoUisement, and of a pinkish hue. 
 
 91. Partial ossification of a portion of one of the coronary 
 
 arteries of the Heart. — Presented by Dr. Davy, As- 
 sistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farqiihar M Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 98, who died of Peritonitis. 
 No history of case received. 
 
25i! APPENDIX. 
 
 92. Arch of the Aorta, having its inner coat studded with 
 
 osseous deposit.— Pr^'s^n/'^^/ bi/ Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, AssistaJit Staff" Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 95. No history of case re- 
 ceived. 
 
 93. Abdominal Aorta and common iliac arteries ossified in 
 
 many places. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistajit Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged 98, who died of Peritonitis. 
 No history of case received. 
 
 94. Thoracic Aorta partially ossified. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Pre- 
 pared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Sur- 
 geon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aged St. No history of case re- 
 ceived. 
 
 DIGESTION. 
 
 Division I. 
 
 1 1 . Exhibits two ulcers in the interior of the CEsophagus, one 
 of which communicates with a diseased bronchial gland 
 at the division of the Trachea. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 From Michael M'Carthy, 36th Regiment, aet. 35, 
 who died of the sequelae of dysentery, complicated with 
 a pulmonic affection. There were no symptoms before 
 death indicative of the disease seen in the preparation. 
 
 Division III. 
 
 114. Perforation of the Ilium, which occurred as a conse- 
 quence of fever. — Presented by Dr. Henderson, Surgeon, 
 ^Sth Regiment. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, 
 Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 The individual from whose body this specimen was 
 taken, had been under treatment for fever. His con- 
 valescence was protracted without any evident cause, 
 when peritoneal inflammation suddenly occurred, and 
 
APPF.NDIX. S.^S 
 
 cut him off". At the post mortem examination the 
 disease was found to have been produced by the escape 
 of feculent matter into the abdomen through the open- 
 ing seen in the preparation. 
 
 115. An umbilical hernia dissected, so as to show the con- 
 tinuity of the sac with the peritoneum, and the nature 
 of its contents. — Preseiited by Mr. C. Fagg, Hythe. — 
 Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 Surgeon. 
 
 No history of case received. A large quantity of 
 Omentum is contained in the sac, to which, in some 
 parts, it firmly adheres. 
 
 Division IV. 
 
 104. A very large Appendix vermiformis covered with ulcers 
 
 internally. — Presented by Mr. Martin^ 73rd Regiment^ 
 Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M' Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the 73rd Regiment, who died of 
 Phthisis pulmonalis. No history of case received. 
 
 105. A peculiar adhesive band stretching across the interior 
 
 of the Colon. — Presented by Dr. Davy^ Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals^ Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 ArCrae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 This band is situated in the lower part of a Colon 
 taken from the body of a Maltese woman, aged 92, 
 who died of Hydrothorax. 
 
 106. An ulcer in the interior of the transverse arch of the 
 
 Colon in a healing state. — Presented by Mr. Davey^ 
 1th Fusileers, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistatit Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man who died of Phthisis pulmonalis. The 
 document states that he had dysenteric symptoms, 
 which were removed by appropriate treatment, and his 
 bowels became regular before death. 
 
 10/. The Meso-colon and transverse arch of the Colon in a 
 carcinomatous state. — Presented by Mr. M'' Andreti^, 
 Surgeon, \Mh Begiment, Portsmouth. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 From the body of Serjeant Callender, 14th Regi- 
 ment. This man was admitted into hospital on the 
 14th December, 1831, to be treated for Hydrocele. 
 
256 APPENDIX. 
 
 The abdomen though tumified did not excite attention 
 till the 27th, when he was attacked with sickness and 
 vomiting; suitable remedies relieved these symptoms, 
 but becoming again aggravated on the 5th January, an 
 attentive examination was made, and it was discovered 
 that a distinct moveable tumour existed in the Umbilical, 
 and extended upwards into the epigastric, and latterly 
 into the two renal regions. From this date it continued 
 to increase in size, and became exceedingly painful on 
 pressure, accompanied at intervals with sickness and 
 vomiting. The stools were generally copious and fe- 
 culent, but occasionally mixed with bloody pus, and 
 always passed with much uneasiness. The post mortem 
 appearances were as follows: — Exterior: Great ema- 
 ciation, and countenance of a yellow hue. On opening 
 abdomen a large cartilaginous-like mass was found 
 occupying more or less the umbilical, epigastiic, hypo- 
 chondriac, and renal regions. The great curvature of 
 the stomach and parts of the duodenum and jejunum 
 intimately adhered to it. But the chief objects impli- 
 cated were the meso-colon and the transverse arch of 
 colon. The former is seen in the preparation converted 
 into a large scirrhous mass ; the coats of the latter are 
 much thickened and indurated, and there is an ulce- 
 rated opening nearly in the centre of the transverse 
 arch through which its contents were discharged into 
 the abdominal cavity. — For particulars of case see 
 Book of Original Documents for 1832, page 51. 
 
 108. The transverse arch of the Colon exhibiting two re- 
 markable contractions. — Fort Pitt. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surge 07i. 
 
 From the body of Martin Murray, 21st Regiment. 
 This man died of Phthisis pulmonalis, get. 23. On 
 dissection the lungs had many of the appearances com- 
 monly noticed in such cases. No symptoms before 
 death indicated disease in the Abdomen : its viscera, 
 however, both membranous and parenchymatous, ex- 
 hibited increased vascularity, and at each extremity of 
 the transverse arch of the Colon were two contractions 
 by which (as seen in preparation,) the gut in these points 
 is reduced to half its usual calibre. An account of the 
 post mortem examination may be found in Necrologi- 
 cal Register, vol. iv. page 18; and details of case in 
 Medical Register, No. 143. folio 98. 
 
257 
 
 SECRETION. 
 
 Division II. 
 
 102. The Cavity of an abscess in the Liver. — Presented hy 
 Mr. Davey, 1th Ftisileers, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assista?it Staff Surgeo7i. 
 
 From a man of the 7th Fusileers. It was situated 
 in the convex part of right lobe of the liver, in contact 
 with the diaphragm. No history of case yet received. 
 
 Division III. 
 
 19. A very small Spleen with its capsule partially converted 
 
 into cartilage. — Presented hy Dr. Daiy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Far- 
 quhar MCrae, Assistant Staffs Surgeon. 
 
 From a Maltese, aet. 84, whose arteries were very 
 generally ossified. No history of case yet received. 
 
 20. A portion of Spleen having several small cartilaginous 
 
 bodies on its capsule. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assist- 
 ant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 No history of case yet received. 
 
 Division IV. 
 
 43. Kidney containing many small cavities which were filled 
 
 with pus. — Presented by Mr. Davey, 7th Fusileers, 
 Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar MCrae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a private of the 7th Fusileers, concerning 
 whose case no further notice has been yet received, 
 than that similar abscesses were found in the other 
 kidney and in his lungs and prostate gland. The 
 vesiculae seminales also were distended with pus. 
 
 44. A Kidney, having many hydatid cysts in its substance. — 
 
 Presented by Mr. Henry, Assista?it Surgeon, \^th Dra- 
 goo7is. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From the body of William Arnokl, 14-th Light Dra- 
 goons. This man died, set. 22, of acute Hepatitis. 
 There were no symptoms before death which indicated 
 s 
 
258 APPENDIX. 
 
 either deranged function or organic disease of this 
 kidney. The other was perfectly healthy. 
 
 Division V. 
 
 14. A portion of Cuticle detached from the Cutis,— exhibiting 
 the alteration in structure which is caused by cicatri- 
 zation. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of 
 Hospitals, Malta.— Preparedly Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, 
 Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 From the thigh of a young man. 
 
 SENSATION. 
 
 Division I. 
 
 50. The Pineal Gland enlarged and its structure slightly 
 
 altered. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistatit hispector 
 of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man who died of Pneumonia. There were 
 no symptoms before death indicative of disease of the 
 Brain. 
 
 51. Blood effused under the Dura Mater. — Presented by Dr. 
 
 Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Pre- 
 pared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Sur- 
 geon. 
 
 The blood was spread over the right hemisphere of 
 the Brain, and occasioned death. It occurred in an in- 
 fant aged 6 weeks. No history of case yet received. 
 
 52. A firm tumour which was situated in the substance of 
 
 the Cerebrum a little anterior to its right Crus. — Pre- 
 sented by Mr. Davey, 1th Fusileers, Malta. — Prepared 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the 7th Fusileers, who died of Phthisis 
 complicated with Cerebral disease. Document states 
 that the tumour had no cyst, but that the portion of 
 Brain surrounding it was softened. No detailed account 
 of case has yet been received. 
 
 53. Thickening of the Pia Mater and Arachnoid membranes. 
 
APPi.xDix. 259 
 
 — Presented by Mr. Daveij, 1th Fusileers, Malta. — Pre- 
 pared by Dr. Farquhar AVCrac, Assistant Staff Szir- 
 geon. 
 
 From the upper surface of the Cerebrum of a man 
 of the 7th Fusileers, aet, 46, vvho died of Phthisis Pul- 
 monalis compHcated with Cerebral disease. No his- 
 tory of case has yet been received. 
 
 Division II. 
 
 3. The trunk of Nervus Vagus intimately connected with 
 that of the Great sympathetic. — Presented by Dr.Davy^ 
 Assista7it Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farquhar M'C?ae, Assista^it Staff^ Surgeon. 
 
 From a child that died of Pneumonia, aged 38 days. 
 
 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 Division I. 
 
 157. A Cranium and lower Jaw extensively affected with Ca- 
 ries. — Presented by Dr. A. Stewart, Staff Suigeon. — 
 Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 Surgeo7i. 
 
 The disease has destroyed more or less every bone 
 of the Cranium, and several of the face. The lower 
 jaw also is extensively affected. 
 
 Division IV. 
 
 70. The Sternum of a soldier who killed himself by wound- 
 
 ing the heart with a penknife, the blade of which is 
 seen broken in the bone. — Donor unhwwn. — Prepared 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 It came from Madras, but no history of case was 
 sent. 
 
 71. Luxation of the head of the femur into the Ischiatic 
 
 notch, with fracture of the posterior part of the rim of 
 the Acetabulum. — Presented by Mr. Gulliver, Assistant 
 Surgeon, 7 1st Regiment. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 s 2 
 
260 APPENDIX. 
 
 The position of the limb and its appearance were 
 those which Sir Astley Cooper describes as belonging 
 to this accident; bnt as it admitted being easily re- 
 duced, and as a crepitus was heard on rotation, those 
 who examined the injury at first thought it to be a 
 case of fracture of the neck of the thigh bone, of a na- 
 ture similar to one described by Mr. Stanle}', in which, 
 contrary to the general rule, the toes were turned in- 
 wards. This specimen is valuable as showing a very 
 rare injury. It was taken from the body of a man of 
 the 71st Regiment, who fell from the wall of Edinburgh 
 Castle into Princes Street gardens, where he was found 
 dead some hours after the accident. The degree of 
 injury sustained by the Acetabulum, the capsular and 
 round ligaments, is seen in the preparation, but no 
 account of the appearance which the surrounding 
 muscles presented on dissection has been yet re- 
 ceived. 
 
 71. Exhibits the reunion of a fractured Clavicle. — Fort Pitt. 
 — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 Surgeon. 
 
 From Michael M'Carthy, a man of 36th Regiment. 
 
 GENERATION. 
 
 Division I. 
 
 34. The Prostate Gland and Vesicular Seminales ; the former 
 
 contained many small abscesses, and the latter were 
 filled with pus. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Far- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the 7th Fusileers. Document states 
 that he had abscesses in his lungs and kidneys. No 
 account of case yet received. 
 
 35. The Tunica Albuginea Testis partially ossified. — Pre- 
 
 sented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, 
 Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M''Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
 A dunlicate of No. 32, and from the same subject. 
 
261 
 
 APPENDIX. ^^^ 
 
 Division II. 
 
 18. Shows an obliteration of the Os Uteri.-Pr^^."/?^^ by 
 Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta — 
 Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistaiit Staf 
 
 From a Maltese woman, aged 92. 1 he relations ot 
 the external and internal organs of generation are dis- 
 played. 
 
 MALFORMATIONS. 
 
 24 Shows the right Auricle of heart. A large foramen is 
 <;een in Fossa Ovalis, together with some fine tendinous 
 cords which pass from the Eustachian valve to the oppo- 
 site side of the cavity— Pr^s^^^^^-^ by Dr. Davy, Assist- 
 ant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta.— Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a Serjeant of the Royal Fusileers, aet. 36, who 
 was shot when in perfect health. 
 95 The Septum Auriculorum of the heart, showing a peculiar 
 reticulated structure over Fossa Ox?i\\^.— Presented by 
 Mr. Martin, ISrd Regiment, Malta.— Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staf Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the 73rd Regiment, who died ot 
 Phthisis pulmonalis. No history of case yet received. 
 26. A sacculated appendix to a portion of small intestine.— 
 Presented by Mr. Martin, 13rd Regiment, Malta- 
 Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 
 Surgeon. , i- i r 
 
 From a man of the 73rd Regiment, who died ot 
 gangrene of the right lung. 
 27 The Receptaculum Chyli, and a portion of the thoracic 
 duct exhibiting an unusual cellular structure.-Pr^- 
 sented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals 
 Malta.^Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
 from a Maltese who died aged 95. Ihe commu- 
 nication in the duct is preserved by means of small 
 
262 APPENDIX. 
 
 openings in the cells. No history of case as yet re- 
 ceived. 
 
 28. A Puppy without a face. — Presented by Dr. Mouatt^ 
 
 ISfh Light Dragoons. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 29. An Appendix Vermiformis of unusual length. — Presented 
 
 by Dr. White, Rijle Brigade. — Prepared by Dr. Far- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the Rifle Brigade, who died of Pneu- 
 
 MI8CELLANE0US. 
 
 44. Two Sacs found in the lungs, which were filled with a 
 
 substance composed of carbonate, phosphate of lime, 
 and animal matter. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant 
 Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Far- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 From a man of the 7th Fusileers, who died of Peri- 
 carditis. The substance resembled putty. 
 
 45. A small Atheromatous Tumour. — Presented by Mr. Men- 
 
 zies. Assistant Staff Surgeon. — Prepared by Dr. Far- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 Removed from a female breast, 
 
 46. A portion of the human Umbilical Cord, exhibiting the 
 
 ulcerative process which causes its separation. — Pre- 
 sented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, 
 Malta.— Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
[ 263 ] 
 
 PREPARATIONS IN HEALTHY ANATOMY, 
 
 Added to the Museum sijice 1st January 1833. 
 
 CIRCULATION. 
 
 43. The circle of Willis, with the trunks of the Internal Ca- 
 
 rotid and Basilar arteries. — Presented hy Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant St af^ Surgeon. 
 
 44. The Heart of a foetus at the 9th month, showing the 
 
 valve of the Foramen Ovale. — Presented by Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistaiit Staff' Su}-geon. 
 
 SECRETION. 
 
 19. A Spleen prepared by maceration, to show its structure. 
 — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant Inspector of Ho- 
 spitals, Malta. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar MCrae, 
 Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 EXCRETION. 
 
 40. The Urinary Bladder of a Male child aged 38 days. — 
 Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant hispector of Hospitals, 
 Malta. — Preparedly Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeo7i. 
 
 SENSATION 
 
 The origin of some of the nerves of the Brain. — Pye- 
 scnted\j Dr. Davy, Assistajit Inspector of Hospitals, 
 Malta. ^—Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant 
 Staff Surgeon. 
 
264- APPENDIX. 
 
 Preparations illustrative of the Mijiute Anatomy of the Human 
 Ear, — all made from adult temporal bones. 
 
 3. A Dissection, to show the size of the tympanic cavity, 
 
 and the different objects within it described by authors. 
 The canal of the tensor tympani muscle is painted I'ed, 
 that of the Eustachian tube blue. There is a black 
 bristle in the aqueduct of Fallopius which is laid open, 
 and another indicates the cana! in which the chorda 
 tympani lies. Besides these, the mastoid cells and 
 their communication with the tympanic cavity, the 
 promontory and pyramid of the tympanum, and the 
 Foramen Ovale, and F. Rotundum are shown. — Pre- 
 pared, a7id presented, by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, As- 
 sistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 4. Shows the beautiful structure of the Mastoid cells. — 
 
 Prepared, and presented, by Dr. Farquhar M'CVae, 
 Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 5. Form and exact size of the cavity of the Vestibule display- 
 
 ed, with its relation to the Meatus Auditorius Internus, 
 Cochlea, and Foramen Ovale. — Prepared,and presented, 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 6. Shows a perpendicular section of the Mastoid cells, also 
 
 some of the objects in the tympanic cavity. The aque- 
 duct of Fallopius is coloured red, the canal of chorda 
 tympani laid open and painted blue ; the exact point 
 where it enters the tympanum is seen, together with the 
 situation and relations of the Cochlea, vestibule, and 
 three semicircular canals. — Prepared, and presented, 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 7. Shows the whole of the Mastoid cells and their foramen 
 
 of communication with the tympanum, the size of the 
 vestibule and the objects which communicate with it, 
 also one of the Ampullae of the semicircular canals, the 
 whole of the Lamina Spiralis, and the manner in which 
 it separates the tympanic and vestibular scala?. — Pre- 
 pared, and. presented, by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, As- 
 sistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 8. Exhibits the tympanic cavity, the whole course of the P'acial 
 
 nerve within the temporal bone, the canal of the Chorda 
 tympani, the distribution of a nerve which has its origin 
 from the Giosbo-pharyngcal in the Foianien Liicerum 
 
APPENDIX. 265 
 
 posterius, and enters the tympanum, where, after sending 
 twigs to the Tensor tympani, Laxator tympani, major 
 and minor, and Stapedius muscles, it divides into three 
 branches: one communicates with the facial nerve in the 
 aqueduct of Fallopius; another passes backwards and 
 enters the carotid canal (by a distinct foramen), where 
 it unites with the Great Sympathetic ; and the third 
 passes in a canal immediately above that of Tensor 
 tympani muscle, and ultimately is lost in the ganglion of 
 Arnold*. — Prepared, and ■presented, by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 9. Shows the whole anatomy and relations of the parts 
 which compose the Labyrinth ; but the chief object of 
 the preparation is to display the aqueduct of Cochlea, 
 which is painted red. — Prepared and presented by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 10. A section of the temporal bone, showing some of the re- 
 
 lations of tympanic cavity, the whole course of the 
 aqueduct of the Cochlea, the size of the Vestibule, the 
 course of a canal noticed by the preparer, M'Crae, in 
 1831 (and which he supposes to be an aqueduct of 
 tympanum), the Cavitas Semiovalis, Sulciformis, and 
 Hemisphaerica, &c. — Prepared, and presented, by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeo?i. 
 
 11. Shows the minute anatomy of the parts which compose 
 
 the 'Labyrinth.— Prepared, and presented, by Dr. Far- 
 quhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 12. Displays the origin of the spinal nerves of a Foetus at the 
 
 ninth month. — Presented by Dr. Davy, Assistant In- 
 spector of Hospitals.— Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assista?it Staff Surgeon. 
 
 13. The osseous anatomy of the Orbit and ^ose.— Prepared 
 
 by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 » [Dr. M'Crae affirms that he noticed several of these objects in 1825, 
 and showed them to Professor Lizars of Edinburgh.] 
 
266 APPENDIX. 
 
 LOCOMOTION. 
 
 28. A male pelvis, prepared so as to show all its ligaments. 
 There is a remarkable deficiency of a portion of the an- 
 terior part of the capsular ligament of the left hip-joint. 
 The Synovia appeared to have been retained in the 
 cavity solely by means of a few muscular fibres, which 
 extended transversely across that part where the de- 
 ficiency is. 
 
 GENERATION. 
 
 18. The organs of Generation of a female child, aged five 
 months and seventeen days. — Presejifed by Dr. Davy, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, Malta. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 44. A Human foetus at the fifth or sixth week. — Presented 
 
 by Assista7it Staff Surgeon Menzies. — Prepared by Dr. 
 Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff' Surgeon. 
 
 45. A Human foetus between the second and third months. — 
 
 Donor ^mknoison. Received from Ireland. — Prepared by 
 Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 46. The Cranium of P. J., a maniac. The character of his 
 
 insanity was that of Religious Melancholia, with a ten- 
 dency to commit suicide. — He died of dysentery. — Pre- 
 pared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crac, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 — Necrological Register, vol. iv. p. 39. 
 
 4/. The Cranium of R. L., a maniac. He imagined himself 
 a robber, but was harmless. Died of Atrophia. — F^rc- 
 parcd by Dr. Farquhar M' Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 — Necrological Register, vol. iv. p. 20. 
 
 48. The Cranium of .T. 1)., a Religious Melancholic. Died 
 of Phthisis. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, As- 
 sistant Staff' Surgeon. — Js^ecroloffical Register, vol. iv. 
 p. 17. 
 
I 267 ] 
 
 PREPARATIONS IN COMPARATIVE ANATOMY, 
 
 Added since 1st Jamtarij 1833. 
 
 Ornithorhynchus fuscus, Cuv. Dissected by Dr. Clark, 
 Assistant Inspector of Hospitals, so as to show the 
 forms of the throat, tongue, and teeth, together with 
 some of the abdominal viscera, but more especially the 
 urinary and genital organs. On the right side are 
 several ova, varying in size from that of a pea to a 
 millet-seed. This preparation derives an additional 
 value from the circumstance of that excellent compa- 
 rative anatomist Mr. Owen, Assistant Curator of the 
 Museum of the College of Surgeons of London, having 
 lately kindly displayed in it several discoveries he has 
 made regarding the Generative and Lactiferous Sy- 
 stems of the animal. — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar 
 M'Crae, Assistant Staff Surgeon. 
 
 The Foetus of a Pig, supposed to be at the fourth or fifth 
 week, dissected so as to display the Thoracic and Ab- 
 dominal viscera. — Presented by Mr. Richardson, Malta. 
 — Prepared by Dr. Farquhar M'Crae, Assistant Staff 
 Surgeon. 
 
[ 268 ] 
 
 Beiurn of the State of the Museum of the Ariny Medical De- 
 partment, from loth May 1832 to I3th May 1833. 
 
 Desciiption. 
 
 f Natural 
 
 I Moibid 
 
 1st, Anatomy. <( Comparative 
 
 I Total 
 
 P Mammalia 
 Birds .'.... 
 Reptiles .. 
 Fishes 
 
 Animal * Tvoo^^c 
 
 T-. J < insects 
 
 Kingdom > ~ 
 
 Testacea ., 
 Zoophytes 
 
 Total 
 
 417 
 1249 
 360 
 
 2026 
 
 178 
 
 42 
 
 Vegetable ) 
 Kingdom ... j 
 
 Specimens in Botany 4520 675 
 
 Mineral 
 Kingdom ... 
 
 Specimens in Mineralogy .2594 374 
 
 r Drawings 
 
 1 Paintings 
 
 3rd, Works of) Casts " 
 
 J^^Yt ] Specimens in Rude Arts. 
 
 Tot; 
 
 457 
 1333 
 372 
 
 61 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 
 646 
 
 254 
 
 50 
 
 
 352 
 
 76 
 
 7 
 
 
 55 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 1540 
 
 587 
 
 93 
 
 
 55 
 
 351 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 2717 
 
 1300 
 
 153 
 
 
 2162 
 
 71 
 
 850 
 
 421 
 
 74 
 
 2034 
 
 406 
 
 8 
 
 108 
 
 44 1 ... 
 
 ... j 
 
 19 
 
 1 1 ... 
 
 
 46 
 
 
 
 93 
 
 23 ... 
 
 
 266 
 
 68 ' ... 
 
 ... 1 
 
 3864 
 
 2968 
 
 152 
 20 
 
 116 
 334 
 
[ 269 ] 
 
 Report of the State of the Library of the Army Medical De- 
 partment, from 10th May 1832 to I3th May 1833. 
 
 
 lis 
 
 o _; j3 
 6 oo 
 
 No.ofVoluires 
 since added. 
 
 1" 
 
 3 
 
 -a c 
 
 e5 
 
 Hi 
 1^ 
 
 3 a> 
 
 ■~ •£ CO 
 
 Z6 
 
 
 lip 
 
 i^ 3 2 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Professional Works 
 
 Works of Science) 
 
 and Literature J 
 
 Total . . 
 
 1416 
 518 
 
 30 239 
 
 58 109 
 
 1 
 
 239 
 5 
 
 508 
 172 
 
 150 
 2 
 
 1752 
 710 
 
 230 
 19 
 
 123 
 46 
 
 1934 88 3!8 
 
 214 
 
 6S0 
 
 152 
 
 2162 
 
 249 
 
 169 
 
 Note. — There are also two highly useful Institutions of the 
 Medical Officers of the Army : one, of the nature of an In- 
 surance Society for the benefit of their Widows; and the other, 
 a Charitable Institution for the Orphans of Medical Officers, 
 and supported entirely by benevolent Members of the Depart- 
 ment. The Insurance Society was instituted in 1816, and the 
 Benevolent Society in 1820. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, 
 RKD LION COURT, FLEET STREET. 
 

 m±M