LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY Of
CALIFORNIA
SAN
FR-
UNIVERilTv
AT :
EIGHT BOOKS OF
HOMER'S ODYSSEY
INTRODUCTION, COMMENTARY, AND
VOCABULARY
FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS
FRF
UN
BY
BERNADOTTE PERRIN
PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN YALE COLLEGE
AND
THOMAS DAY SEYMOUR
HILLHOUSE PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN YALE COLLEGE
GINN & COMPANY
BOSTON NEW YORK CHICAGO LONDON
COPYRIGHT, 1897
BY GINN & COMPANY
ALL RIGHTS RKSKRVED
it\)t gtftenacum jQrcsa
GINN & COMPANY PRO-
PRIETORS BOSTON U.S.A.
HOMER.
(N.itiunal Museum, Naples.)
PREFACE.
THE Text of this edition is substantially that of Dindorf-
Hentze, as used in the College Series of Greek Authors, issued
by the same publishers.
The Introduction is by Professor Seymour, with a free use
of the introduction to his edition for schools of the First Six
Books of the Iliad, and of his Introduction to Homeric Language
and Verse.
The Commentary is freely adapted by Professor Pen-in, for
the use of schools, from his commentary in the College Series,
which is based upon the German work of Ameis-Hentze.
The Vocabulary has been prepared by Professor Seymour
from the poem itself, with the aid of Gehring's Index Homeri-
cus, Dunbar's Concordance, Ebeling's Lexicon Homericum,
Capelle's Worterbuch, and Professor Perrin's commentary in
the College Series. It is intended to be a complete word-list
for the first twelve books of the Odyssey.
Of the illustrations, the photographs of Ithaca and Mycenae
were taken by Professor Perrin ; Dr. Dorpfeld kindly allows
the use of three before unpublished from Troy ; a few are
reproduced from the Aeneid and Bucolics of Vergil, by the kind
consent of the editors, Professor Greenough and Professor
Kittredge ; others are from Baumeister's Denkmaler.
YALE UNIVERSITY, July 2, 1897.
INDEX TO THE INTRODUCTION.
Adjectives 41.
Adverbs 59.
Analysis of Iliad 9.
Analysis of Odyssey 12.
Anastrophe 58 c.
Anomalous Forms 40.
Aorists of /u-form 56.
Apocope 32.
Asyndeton 18.
Augment 46.
Batrachomachia 4 a.
Bibliographical Note p. Ixix.
Books, division into, 13.
Bucolic diaeresis 61 h.
Caesural Pauses 61.
Change of meanings 20.
Chiasmus 19 c.
Comparison of Adjectives 43.
Comparisons 17.
Conjugation of Verbs 46-57.
Consonants 33.
Contract Verbs 50.
Contraction 27.
Crasis 29.
Dactyls 60 c.
Declension of Nouns 36-40.
Dialect, General Remarks, 25.
Digamma 35.
Direct Discourse 14 e.
Elision 31.
Epanalepsis 19 a.
Epexegesis 15 d.
Epic Poetry 1.
Epithets 15 a.
Family Trees pp. Ixvii f.
Feminine Caesura 61 c , /.
First Aorist 51.
First Declension 37.
Future 51.
Genitive Absolute 22 /.
Hexameter Verse 60.
Hiatus 30.
4 Homeric Question ' p. vi.
Homeric Hymns 4 b.
Hysteron Proteron 19 g.
Iliad, Story of, 8.
Iterative Forms 67.
Life in the Homeric Age 6.
Litotes 19 d.
Map of Homeric Greece, after Text.
Masculine Caesura 61 /.
Metathesis 34.
/iM-verbs 55.
Middle Voice 53.
Numerals 44.
Odyssey, Story of, 11.
Optative Mode 49.
Order of Words 14 g.
Parataxis 24.
Parechesis 16.
Particles 23.
Passive Voice 54.
Patronymics 42.
Periphrasis 19 e.
Perfect Tense 52.
Prepositions 22 d. 58.
Pronouns 45.
Quantity 62.
Reduplication 46.
Second Declension 38.
Special Case Endings 36.
Spondees 60 c.
Stereotyped Expressions 15/.
Style 14.
Subjunctive Mode 48.
Synizesis 28.
Synonymous Expressions 15 c, 25/.
Syntax 21.
Tenses 51 f.
Third Declension 39.
Trojan War, Story of, 7 ff.
Troy 5 6.
Verb Endings 47.
Verse 60.
Vowels 26.
Zeugma 19 /.
28 a.] VOWELS AND VOWEL CHANGES.
VOWELS AND VOWEL CHANGES.
26. a. 77 is regularly used for d, as ayoprj, 6^0117, except in
goddess, Aads, people, and some proper names (as
Occasionally, as A 344, pdv is found, instead of the less frequent
fjLrjv (the strong form of /x.eV). d remains when it is the product of
contraction or < compensative lengthening,' as 6pa, Trdo-as (H. 30 D).
b. The final d of the stem is retained in the genitive endings -do
and -dwv of the first declension, as 'ArpciSao a 40, yatdwv 284.
c. do is often changed to eo> by transfer of quantity: 'Arpet'Scto,
'Arpei'Sew. Cf. /SounAi^os with Attic /focriAcws. But the frequent Adds
never has the Attic form Acois.
d. Compensative lengthening is sometimes found where it is not
in Attic, as leu/os (^e'v/ros), etveKa (Lesbian li/vt/ca), Kovpr) (Kopfa),
/AOVVOS, ovpos (op/ros), 8oupds, but it is omitted in c/JdAovro a 234.
e. Diphthongs occasionally preserve i where it is lost in Attic
before a vowel : cuei, aierd?, 77^0117, xpixrtios.
t But i is lost before a vowel in WKCOI (<uKid) p. 374, in -oo for -oto
as genitive-ending of the second declension ( 38 b), and in o-o for
cmo [o-oS], etc.; cf. xpvvetov y 50 with xpixreoi/ & 431. As in Attic,
the penult is sometimes short in wds (as A 270). In these cases i
has turned into y. Thus v is sometimes lost before a vowel ; cf.
aXiavOf. 8 774 with dAcwcr&u /n 159.
27. Contraction, a. Concurrent vowels generally remain un-
contracted : de'/cwv, oAyea, ira'ts (in nominative and vocative singular),
ots (opi<: = ovis, ewe) lepov, wSuVao. Attic cv is regularly ev before
two consonants, and the adjective is always ew or ^us. Patro-
nymics from nouns in -evs form -18775, -etwv, as 'ArpcfSr/s y 248,
Hr)\(.iuva A 470 ( 42). These uncontracted vowels were originally
separated by a consonant.
b. When contraction occurs, it follows the ordinary rules, except
that to and eou generally give cu, as flepeus 77 118, <iAewTas y 221,
ycywfeui/ t 47.
28. Synizesis. a. Vowels which do not form a true diphthong
may be blended in pronunciation into one long sound : 'ArpeiSew
. ^ \j , 7/ OVK dtcis a 298, /AT) dAAot 8 165, eiAaTrt'vTj 776 yd/u.os a 226,
817 av p. 116, Ai'yuTTTious 8 83, in which i must have had very nearly
xlii INTRODUCTION. [ 28 a.
its cognate y-sound. The genitives of the first declension in -ew,
-etov are always pronounced with synizesis. (H. 42 D ; G. 47.)
b. Synizesis often served the purpose of the later contraction.
did not differ in metrical quantity from yp.S>v.
29. Crasis is not frequent. Note Trpov^ovro y 8, -n-povfaive 1 145,
y 462, Kavros y 255. (H. 76 ; G. 42 ff.)
30. Hiatus (H. 75 D ; G. 34) is allowed -
a. After the vowels i and v, as vrjXu VTTVW /i 372.
b. When the two vowels between which it occurs are separated
by a caesura (W/wetv, Stftpa ra^io-ra i>7TK KaKorrjra KT\. y 175) or by
a 'diaeresis ( 61 A) : seldom after the first foot (MeWopa rj Of.6v
8 654), more frequently after the fourth foot (wivova-i re aWo-n-a
olvov ft 57). Hiatus between the short syllables of the third foot
is allowed nearly as frequently as in all other places together,
more than 200 times. This freedom of hiatus emphasizes the
prominence of this caesura, 61 d.
c. When the final vowel of the first word is long and stands
in the accented part of the foot ( 60 a), as dvTi0e'u 'OSuo^t a 21.
See 62 k.
d. When a long vowel or diphthong loses part of its quantity
before the following vowel ( 62 &), as TrAayx&J etrti a 2, n^i-iot, o?
Kara a 8. Here the final and initial vowels may be said to be
blended in the first example ; while in the second, the final letter
of V^TTIOI may have been pronounced as y. This is called weak or
improper hiatus ; it is essentially the same as the following.
e. When the last vowel of the first word is already elided, as
VVfJL<fr) TTOTVt I/3VK6 tt 14.
t N.B. Hiatus before words which formerly began with a jeon-
sonant ( 35) is only apparent.
g. The poet did not avoid two or more concurrent vowels in the
same word ( 27).
31. Elision. (H. 79 ; G. 48 f.) a. a (in inflectional endings and
in apa and pa), e, i, o may be elided, at is sometimes elided in the
verb endings, ot is elided seven or eight times in /W (as 8 367),
half a dozen times in rot (as a 60), once in trot'.
b. TO, TTpd, O.VTL, irept, rt, and the conjunction on do not suffer
elision ; or' is for ore (either the temporal conjunction or the rc.~
tive o with TC affixed, 45 q), T is for re or rot.
33e.] CONSONANTS AND CONSONANT CHANGES. xliii
c. i is seldom elided in the dative singular, where it seems
originally to have been long. It is frequently elided in <r<f>i.
d. Oxytone prepositions and conjunctions lose their accent in
elision ; other oxytones throw the acute accent upon the preceding
syllable, as Acw' [\CVKO] oa-rm. a 161. (H. 107 ; G. 120.)
Observe that elision is not left to the reader as in Latin poetry.
32- Apocope. (H. 84 D; G. 53.) a. Before a consonant, the short
final vowel of apa and of the prepositions dvo, Kara, irapd may be cut
off (aTTOKOTn?, airoKtrirTw). The accent is then thrown back upon the
preceding syllable (although it might be more rational to consider
it lost, as it is in elision).
b. After apocope, the v of ova. and T of Kara, follow the usual
rules for consonant changes : dyxpc/xao-ao-a a 440, dAAveo-Kcv /3 105,
/caS 8e (Kara Of.) frequently, KoAAiTre A 279, Ka/?/3aAe [fcare/JoAe].
c. Apocope was no mere metrical license ; it was common in the
conversational idiom of some dialects. More striking examples of
apocope and assimilation than any in Homer are found in prose
inscriptions.
CONSONANTS AND CONSONANT CHANGES.
33. a. Where collateral forms appear, one with single and the
other with doubled consonants, the form with two consonants is
generally the older and justified etymologically, as TrooW, TTOO-I (from
TTOO-<TL) ; reAecrom and reA.com (reAos, TfAecr-), OTTTTWS (OK/TWS, cf. Latin
quiS) etc.^y orri, KT\.
b. Single initial consonants, especially A, p, v, p, <r, are often
doubled (as p is in Attic) when by inflexion or composition a short
vowel is brought before them (see 62 A), as eAAio-o-a/xi/v A 35,
"AAa/? a 298.
c. But sometimes p is not doubled where it would be in Attic,
as lpt|a 8 352.
d. Palatal and lingual mutes often remain unchanged before p.,
as IO/ACV, a/cax/tAtVos.
e. Lingual mutes are commonly assimilated to a following o-, as
TToo-o-i (TTOO-O-I). v is sometimes assimilated to ft or v: 1/i/u.cvai (emu)
for ecr//.evai, CI/VCTTC a 1, tell, for eV-(re7re (Lat. insece), epawrfv t] 18,
lovely, evwp.1 for /rco-w/ni, cf. co-era 8 253. Cf. the aorist o
ft 334, for 6<f>f\-<reiev. See 51 e.
INTRODUCTION'. [ 33/
t <r is frequently retained before a, as <Wo/i<u (from the stem
r-), creAto-crc (reAos, Stem reActr-).
g. Between /x and A or p, /? is sometimes developed, as a/i/fyoros
from stem /xpo or jaop (Latin mors, morior'), wliile in /2poTos mortal,
the /A of the stem is lost.
h. Ka/x/2aAe is found occasionally in the Mss. as a variant reading,
a softer pronunciation for ica/2/3aAe ( 32 i), as 172.
i. A parasitic T appears in TrroAis, 7rrdAju.os for TrdAis, TrdAt/nos.
(7/1 Six^a, rpixOa. with Attic St'xa, Tpixa. '-The proper names Neopto-
lemus (Neo7rTdAe/u,os) and Ptolemy (nroAe/xatos) preserved this T to
a late period.
j. The rough breathing (Ji) has no power to prevent elision or
weaken hiatus. The smooth breathing is found with several words
which have the rough breathing in Attic, as d/x/xe (>?/xa), W*p
(77/xepa), T^e'Aios (lyAios), 'AiS^s ("AiS^s), ^ws (Iws).
k. The v movable was written by some ancient critics after the
ending - of the pluperfect, as /xe/xi^Aeiv a 151 ; cf. otu'Aciv (3 381
(otu'Aeev). It is freely used before consonants to make a syllable
long by position ( 62 /).
i. The final o- of adverbs is omitted more often than in prose ;
not merely e' and e*c, OUTWS and OUTW, but also TTWS and TTW, 7roAAa/as
and TToAAaKi, dp.<^>ts and d/x^>i' (adverbial) are found as collateral
forms.
34. Metathesis of a and p is frequent (H. 64 ; G. 64) :
8 415, Kparos a 359. (7/*. rpaTmo/xev [rapTrol/xcv]] ^ 292 from
TCpTTtKe'pawos from rpeTTW.
For the shifting of quantity from -do to -ew, see 26 c.
35. TAe Digamma. (H. 72 D; G. 90 f.) a. The following
words seem to have been pronounced by the Homeric poet more
or less consistently with initial digamma (vau, p, pronounced as
English w) :
dyw/xi break, aAis enough, dAwvai to be captured, ava king, avSdvw
please, dpaids thin, dpvds lamb, acrrv city, I, ou, ot him, etc. with a
possessive pronoun os, 17, ov (eo's KTA.), lap spring, cova wedding gifts,
0vos tribe, CIKOO-I twenty, CIKW yield, eipa> sa?/ (future epe'w), e/cds /r,
Ixao-Tos eacA, Ixvpos father-in-law, eKtov willing, lA3o/xat desire, eAtWw
wind, lATro/xat hope, ewvfj.1. (^p(.cr-vvp.i) clothe, ItrOys, tip.a.Ta. clothes, ITTOS
?, epyov, IpSw i6'o?'7c, epuw draw, lo-Trepos (vesper) evening, ITOS year,
36i.] CONSONANTS AND CONSONANT CHANGES. xlv
c six, IT?;? companion, ^Su's sweet (dvSdvw please), ^0os haunt, rjpa.
favor, ('a^o) cry aloud, ibiiv see, and oI8a, eTSos, iKcAos like, cotxa aw
like, "IXtos Ilium, lov violet, is strength, sinew, l<f>i mightily, ?aos (and
l/rros) equal, Iriij willow, OIKOS house, oivo? wine, o>s as.
b. Probably several other words, also, were pronounced with
initial p.
c. dvSdvw, I, If, and others seem to have begun originally with
two consonants, 07:.
d. In more than 2000 cases ' apparent hiatus ' ( 30 /) is caused
by the omission of initial p. Less frequently a p must be supplied
in order to make an apparently short syllable long by ' position '
e. The verse alone affords no sufficient criterion for the former
existence of p in any word; it only indicates the loss of some
consonant. This is not conclusive evidence for p, since v andy (y)
were also lost. Which consonant originally was present has to
be learned in each case from inscriptions, from a few notes of
ancient grammarians, and from other cognate languages; cf. tpyov
with work, oivos with wine, otxos with vicus, ros and o*]/ with vox.
i The sound of p evidently was going out of use in the Homeric
period ; it is not infrequently neglected in our texts, and some-
times this neglect seems to be due to the poet himself ; but p can
be restored in many passages by minor changes.
g. That the sound of p was still alive in the Homeric age is
shown by the accuracy of the poet in its use where comparative
philology shows that it once existed.
h. A neighboring vowel seems sometimes lengthened in order to
compensate for the loss of p ( 62 c).
L An e was sometimes prefixed to a digainmated word, and
remained after the p was lost, as ee'ASwp, CCIKOO-I, 8i/a, Ifparj.
j. Sometimes the rough breathing represents the last remnant
of a lost consonant (especially in the words which once began with
<rp, as dv3dvo) KT\., cf. c above), as CKWV, eo-Trepos. Often the same
root varies in breathing, as avBdva> and 7?'Svs, but ^8os, Wv/u, but
k. For the augment and reduplication of digammated verbs, see
46rf.
L For fyret'So), S/TT/V, see 62 h.
xlvi INTRODUCTION. [ 36 a.
DECLENSION.
36. Special Case Endings. (H. 217; G. 292 f.) a. The suffix
-<f>i(v), a remnant of an old instrumental case, added to the stem,
forms a genitive and dative in both singular and plural. Cf. 8 533,
c433.
b. The suffix -Oi is added to the stem to denote place where.
c. The suffix -6cv is added to the stem to denote place whence :
ovpavoOev from heaven. It forms a genitive with the pronominal
stems, as c/ie'&v 8 592, o-e'0ev y 213.
d. The enclitic -8e is added to the accusative to denote more
distinctly the limit of motion : oiVoVSe and oucaSe homeward, oV8e
8oju,ov8e to his own house, aAaSe seaivard, TroAivSe to the city.
37. First Declension. (H. 134 ff.; G. 168 ff.) a. 77 is found for
final a of the stem with the exceptions mentioned in 26.
b. The nominative singular of some masculines ends in -TO. for
-TT/S : v<t>t\T/jyepeTa Zevs, lirirora Neo-rwp, Kvavo^atra IlocretSwv, tvpvo-n-a.
Zeus. Cf. the Latin poeta, nauta.
c. The genitive singular of masculines ends in -do or (by transfer
of quantity, 26 c) -eo>. This ending -cw is always pronounced as
one syllable by synizesis ( 28). The Attic ending -ov (apparently
borrowed from the second declension) is not used.
d. The genitive plural ends in -atav or -cwv : Oedwv, /SovAcW. -eo>v
is regularly pronounced as one syllable. After t, this aw may be
contracted, as Trapciwv, 8 198.
e. The dative plural ends in -y<ri(v) or rarely in -775, three times
in -eus, as 0eaTs e 119.
38. Second Declension. (H. 151 ff.; G. 189 ff.) a. The genitive
singular has preserved the old ending -to, which affixed to the stern-
vowel makes -oio.
b. The termination -oo is indicated by the metre in certain places
where all the Mss. give a corrupt form, as oo (ordinarily printed
oW) Koaros tort /xe'yio-rov a 70, AioAoo (printed AioAov) /u.eyaA?/TO/305
*36.
For the loss of i in the change from -oio to oo, see 26 f.
The -oo was afterwards contracted to ov.
c. The genitive and dative dual end in -ouv. TOUV, o>/iov.
d. The dative plural ends in -on(v) or -ois. As in the first
41 a.] ADJECTIVES. xlvii
declension, the long ending is the rule; the short ending is very
rare before a consonant.
39. Third Declension. (H. 163 If. ; G. 205 ff.) a. The ending
i of the dative singular is sometimes long, and sometimes short.
It is seldom elided. It is often long before a single consonant,
but only in the ictus-syllable of the foot, as re'/cel' <S 8 175, 'Aprc/uSi
o-e 151.
b. The dative plural has the Aeolic ending -e<r<n(v) as well as
the Attic -ai(v) : TrdSeo-o-i, troaal ( 33 e), iroari, avSpcoxri, dv8pd<ri,
c. Nouns in -is and -us usually retain i or u throughout, but in its
stead may insert c, which is sometimes lengthened, as TrdAi/os (TrdAews).
d. Nouns in -evs generally lengthen e to 77 in compensation
( 62 c) for the u which between two vowels becomes p and is
lost, as /JatnAeus, /focriAT/os.
40. Anomalous Foiins. a. As verbs appear in the present
system with a variety of collateral forms derived from the same
root (cf. uco), iKavw, iKi/eo/xat, Trev^o/nat, Trvvddvofiat, /neVco. p.ifj.v<a,
/xt/ivaa), Tctvto, ravvw, TircuW), so nouns of different declensions
are sometimes formed from the same root, and are used without
appreciable difference of meaning.
b. Some nouns have both vowel and consonant stems : yaor^p
133, but yd<TTpr)v 2 348 ; ept'^po? cratpos A 266, but epirjpes eratpoi
i 555 ; cf. 7ToAn;Tas B 806 with TroAmu rj 131 ; Trarpoffrovfja a 299 with
Attic Trarpo^dvos I 461.
c. Of rid? three stems are found : (1) vids, viov, vU'. (The other
forms of this declension are very rare.) (2) we'os, w', vU'a, as if
from vlus. (3) utos, mi, vto, as from a nominative uts.
In this word the first syllable is sometimes short ( 26 /), as it
often is in Attic and in other dialects.
d. Certain names of cities are found in both singular and plural :
'A&jvqv t] 80, but 'A^vas B 546 ; cf. MaAeiav i 80, but MaAeicuuv y 287.
ADJECTIVES.
41. a. Some adjectives of three terminations are used as if
of two terminations, i.e. the masculine form is used also for the
feminine : dAowTaros 68fj.^ 8 442, where dAowTaTv; was metrically
xlviii INTRODUCTION. [ 41 a.
possible ; vXi)t<T(ra. ZaKvvOos i 24, but uA^evri Za.Kvv6<o a 246 ; TrovAvv
e<' vyprjv 8 709 ; &rj\v<i avrt] 122.
b. The feminine of adjectives in -vs, ends in -cia (gen. -eii/s), -ea
( 26 /), OP -f.ri : WKX, /3a0eta, Pa.0f.iijs, /3a0779, fiadfrjv.
c. TroAvs (TrovAvs) has in the masculine and neuter both stems
iro\v-(irov\v-) and TroAAo- (for TroAvo-, 40 a), with a nearly complete
Set of forms for each : TroAAds and TroAAdv, TroAeos, TroAees, TroAe'wv,
voXcecnn, xrA.
PATRONYMICS.
42. (H. 559 ; G. 846 f.) a. Suffixes which originally expressed
connection or possession were used to form patronymic adjectives.
The original force of these suffixes is occasionally preserved : (6foi)
A 570 is a mere adjective of connection like (flcouriv)
Z 129 ; Homer does not recognize Oupavds as the ances-
tor of the gods. 'OAv/ATi-taSes /Aovo-ai B 491 is equivalent to
'OAv'/iTTia Scuftar' l^ov<rai B 484.
b. Patronymics are frequently used as proper names, cf.
a 45, AaepridBr] c 203, 'ArpfiSao a 35. Cf. the English names Thomp-
son, Wilson, Richardson, Dixon, Dix, Ricks, etc,
A. c. The patronymic is formed from stems of the first declen-
sion by adding -8a- : 'lTnroTd8r)<; K 2, or more frequently by adding
-icuSa- : AaepTia8?7 e 203.
d. This analogy, giving an ending in -iaS/s, is followed by stems
in -to of the second declension, and also by stems of the third
declension : IIr/Ar;ia8ea) A 467, as well as H^AeiSr/s (cf. 6 75), EfyAciwv
(cf. e 310).
e. The suffix -iSa- is added to stems in o, and the o is lost as in d
above : Kpovi8r]<s, also to stems in cv, which lose their v between
two vowels (cf. 26/), as Arpei'S^s, also to consonantal stems, as
' A.yafj.ep.vovLBrj'S a 30.
t Patronymics from stems in -ev, after the loss of the v, do not
in Homer suffer contraction of the e of the stem with the i of the
suffix. The poet says 'Ar/aetS?/?, 'Arpetwv, as tetrasyllables, not tri-
syllables. The verse ictus never falls on the ct.
g. Female patronymics are formed by the suffix -ia8- which loses
8 before the nominative sign. 'A^attaSwv /3 101 corresponds to
iaiv B 562.
45d.] COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. xlix
B. h. Patronymics are formed also by the suffix -tov- :
a 386 (with genitive K/JOWOVOS or K/oovtovos), HyXtiwv. In these
last forms from nouns in -eus the i is always short.
L Some adjectives in ios are used as patronymics, as ^AOXTT/'TJ/V.
Hoidvriov ( = IIoiavTOs) ayXabv vtov y 190.
j. The patronymics in -817? are far more numerous than those
in -i<o v.
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES.
43. a. Comparatives and superlatives end in -iwv, -IO-TOS more
frequently than in Attic. (H. 253 ; G. 357 f.)
b. dya#ds has comparatives dpct'u>v (cf. opicrros), /^e'Arepov, Kpi(T<r<i>v,
A.OKOV, Xtairepov, ^eprepos-
c. In some comparatives in -repos, the poet has no thought of a
greater or less degree, but of a contrast, as flewrepai v 111 of the gods
as opposed to men, Orj^vrcpai 324, female as opposed to male.
Cf. the use of the same ending in T^uYcpos our (as opposed to all
others), etc.
NUMERALS.
44. (H. 288; G. 372 ff.) a. Su'w, Svo is indeclinable. It has the
collateral forms 8oto>, 80101, KT\.
b. The Aeolic Trt'crupes, for reWapcs, is found occasionally, as e 70.
c. The Aeolic Tre/xTre (quinque) is preserved in Tre/iTrdi/SoAa y 460,
TTC/iTracrcreTai 8 412.
PRONOUNS.
45. (H. 261 ff. ; G. 389 ff.) a. The oblique cases of the third
personal pronoun when enclitic are ' anaphoric/ like avroC KT\.
in Attic; when accented they have their original reflexive use,
like Attic cavrou, e/navTov, ereavrov, KT\., which compounds are post-
Homeric.
b. IJ.LV, <T<^W, <r<oHv, <r<f>i, (r<f>d<;, and cr<^ are always enclitic.
c. For the relation of the form e'/ieto to e/xe'o, of <reto to o-e'o, KT\.,
see 26 /.
d. a. The possessive of the third personal pronoun singular is
os, 17, ov (or eos, lr), eov) carefully to be distinguished from the
relative, from which it is generally differentiated with ease, since
it originally began with a consonant, f.
1 INTRODUCTION. [ 45 e.
ft. The place of the possessive pronoun is often filled by the
dative (of interest) of the personal pronoun.
e. avrof regularly retains its intensive force in the oblique cases,
even when not connected with a noun expressed, often marking a
contrast which it is difficult to render smoothly in the English
idiom. The presumption is always strongly in favor of this
original use ; but all shades of meaning are found, from the strict
intensive to the simple anaphoric use of tha Attic dialect. The
weaker use as a simple personal pronoun is particularly common
after prepositions. Since the article is not necessary, avrrjv ooov
is equivalent to the Attic ryv avrrjv ooov. Cf. 6 107, 263.
t For avTa>s in the sense of too-avros, see h below. In this use
it has a variety of meanings, most of which are derived from in
the same way as before, the connection determining the special
sense of each passage, aurw? is the adverb of aw-o's, and o>s avruis
the adverb of 6 avros.
g. The Attic article, 6, rj, TO, generally retains its demonstrative
force in Homer, but, like the intensive pronoun in the oblique
cases, appears occasionally in its Attic signification.
In their demonstrative use, 6, 77, ot, at are best written o, rj, ot, at
rot, rot are used besides of, at.
h. Thus the absence of the article does not mark a noun as
indefinite; cf. avopa /not Zweire, Movo-a a 1, with arma virumque
cano. Frequently avrws is equivalent to Attic wcravrws (ws being
the adverb of the article, see 59 c) while ws S' aurws y 64 is
equivalent to Attic OUTW 8' wo-aurw?.
i The demonstrative article is often followed by a noun in appo-
sition with it, as 77 8' eo-Trero IlaXXas 'AOrjvr) a 125u 77 8' rj TOI TO Trplv
fjitv avaivtTO Zpyov deiKes, | Sta KXvrat/xvr/crT/DT/ y 265 f.
j. The forms with initial r often have a relative force, but
refer only to a definite antecedent. This is a relic of paratactic
construction ( 24).
k. TO>, the dative of the article (sometimes written TW), is often
used as an inferential particle, so, then, in that case.
1. KCIVOS is found more frequently than its longer form eKeu/os,
and /ceicre for c/ceto-f thither.
m. OUTOS is not frequent, and is never used after preposi-
tions.
4(5e.] CONJUGATION. li
n. oSe. is f deictic,' this here. Its dative plural is Toi<r8e(<r)0-i
in/347, 165, *268.
0. Besides the Attic forms of the relative, o is used for os, oov
(better oo, 38 ti) for ov.
p. The forms os and o have also a demonstrative use, especially
os with ouSe, (JirjOe, /cat', and yap.
For the relative use of the article, see j above.
q. The neuter o is frequently used as a conjunction, like quod,
as y 166. So also em and o re.
1. The indefinite and interrogative pronouns have the genitive
singular TCO, TO).
s. In o TIS for os TIS (cf. o for os, k above), the first stem often
remains uninflected, as 204. The genitive is OTTCO, OTTCV, or oVev.
t. No one is ov TIS or /xiy TIS, not /u^Sct's or ovSeis. ovBcv is used
seldom.
CONJUGATION.
46. Augment and Reduplication. (H. 354 ff . ; G. 510 ff .) a. The
augment was for a time considered unessential : whether temporal
or syllabic, it may be omitted in the Homeric poems. The syllabic
augment is omitted rather more frequently than it is used; the
temporal augment is used rather more frequently than it is omitted.
When the augment is omitted, the accent is thrown back as far as
possible, as TrXayxOrj a 2, irdOev a 4, iSev a 3, oAovro a 7. This free
omission of the augment is very odd, since this element was an
old inheritance of the Greek language, and never has been lost,
even to the present day.
b. When the augment is omitted, monosyllabic forms with long
vowel take the circumflex accent, as f}fj for Ift-q.
c. Sometimes initial p is not doubled after the augment, as
epe&x 8 352 ; sometimes initial X, /u,, or o- is doubled after the
augment, as !A\a/2 a 298, lo-o-uo i 447.
d. Stems which originally began with a consonant may take the
syllabic augment or reduplication, as ICITTOV, c^vSave. !aav, eoi*ca. The
stem of 6pdw takes no augment.
e. The second aorist active and middle of verbs whose stem
begins with a consonant is often found with a reduplicated stem,
as K/cXeTO, TT/u.e. TCTVKovTo, \e\a(3fcr6ai.
lii INTRODUCTION. [ 46 /.
f. The so-called Attic reduplication is more common in Homer
than in Attic, and its use extends to the second aorist, where the
augment also may be used (cf. Attic jyyayov), as rjpape, aKaxoi^v
a 236, (L\a/\KOtv.
g. SetSot/ca and SetSta have irregular reduplication ; probably these
are to be explained as for SeS/rotKa, SeS/rta.
h. l/Lc/iopa (from ^(.ipofjiai) and <Wv/uu (o-evw) double the initial
consonant and prefix e, as if they began with two consonants. Cf.
<rvveppr)KTai 137 ; but pepvirw^eva 59.
47. Endings. (H. 375 if. ; G. 551 ff., 777.) a. The singular
endings, -^t, -o-0a, -o-t, occur more frequently than in Attic ; espe-
cially -o-t in the subjunctive, as ay^o-tv [ay*?] 37, cOeXrja-tv a 349.
These endings are rare in the subjunctive of the contracted /u-
forms.
b. The second singular imperative ending is retained in some
presents, as Zk-rj&i y 380, SiSwflt y 380, and in some perfects, as
rievaBi. X 365.
c. In the pluperfect, the older endings -ea KT\. are preserved :
TreTToiOea 8 434, lyvwyea t 44. The third person singular ends in -v,
as ipfppvKciv fji 242 (cf. 33 K).
d. The second and third persons singular of the first aorist opta-
tive active end in -as, -e(v), as Tre/xi/'eias, KoXeo-eiev. The second
person in -at? occurs thrice, as 8 547. The third person in -cu occurs
ten times. The third person plural ends in -etav.
e. The third person plural optative active of /u-verbs ends in -iv,
as ctev, SoTev.
f. The third person plural imperative ends in -TWV, -v6<av (never
-T<D(rav, -cr0(iKrav), as IO-TWV a 273.
g. a. Active infinitives (except in the first aorist) frequently
end in -/xevai, which is sometimes shortened after a short vowel
(and almost always before a vowel) to -/*ev, as l/jt/xevcu, e/x/xev,
(3. The shortening of -^vai to -/u.cv occurs generally before a
vowel, where it may be called elision.
y. The ending -vat is found only after a long vowel, as Sowai.
h. Aorist passive infinitives end in -/zcvat or -vat.
L Some second perfect participles retain in the oblique cases the
a) of the nominative, as TeOvrjwros a 289, /?e/3au>Ta e 130.
50 a.] CONJUGATION. liii
j. The second person singular of the middle generally remains
uncontracted ( 27), as vTrofl^o-eat, wSixrao. Contracted forms are
used occasionally, as vava-r) 8 35.
k. In the perfect middle, -om regularly loses its <r.
1. -<ro retains its o- only in the imperative, as lo-cro, fo-rao-o.
m. The first person plural middle often ends in -//.ecrfla, as co-d-
/ir0a ft 61.
n. The third person plural of the perfect and pluperfect indica-
tive middle often, and of the optative middle always, ends in -area,
-a.ro for -vrat, -vro.
o. The third person plural indicative of the aorist passive gener-
ally ends in -ev instead of -ijo-av, as rpdfav o 723, odfiev [e'Sa/i^o-av]
8 495. Cf. the active e-Xv-o-a-v, l-Avo-v.
p. Similarly, v is used for the later -o-av in the imperfect and
second aorist of /u-verbs, as 2<pw c 481, l/3av a 211, Ivrav 211, !<av
t 413, TrpOTLdev \_TTpo f.TiQto-av~\ a 112.
q. For the optative ending of fit-verbs, in -icv not -irjo-av, see
e above.
48. Subjunctive Mode. a. The variable vowel of the subjunc-
tive is generally short in the present of verbs in -/u, the first aorist,
second aorist of /u-forrns, second aorist passive, second perfect of
primitive formation : as /Jijo-o/u.ev, dyec/ao/Aev, io/u,v, ^eto/xev, Tpa.TTf.iop.cv,
etSo/xcv, 7r7roi$Oju.ev, i/xetpeTat. (H. 373 D; G. 780.)
This short vowel is found before the endings -/xev, -rov, -re, and
in middle forms.
b. A few forms of the first aorist have a long vowel, following
the analogy of the present.
c. There are no certain examples of the short mode vowel in the
present of verbs in -w.
N.B. Several forms of the first aorist subjunctive are easily confused with
those of the future, with which they are identical in appearance.
49. Optative Mode. a. For the optative endings, see 47 d, e.
b. After i or v, the mode sign disappears : a,Tro<pOifirjv K 51, <#TTO
A. 330, ava8vrj i 377.
50. Contract Verbs. (H. 409 D ; G. 784.) a. Verbs in -aw ex-
hibit unchanged, assimilated, and contracted forms. The poet's
choice between contracted and uncontracted forms seems to have
liv INTRODUCTION. [ 50 a.
been determined largely by the rhythm. The vowels are regularly
contracted when the second is in a short syllable.
b. Uncontracted forms without assimilation occur rarely in our
texts, as vauTaoucn 153, dotStaei K 227. Probably such forms were
more frequent when the poems were composed.
c. The vowels of the uncontracted forms are generally assimi-
lated, a prevailing over a following e or rj, but being assimilated to
o, o), or ou. These forms are intermediate between the original and
the contracted stage. fXdav y 484 is midway between eAaev and
eXav. dAdo) e 377 seems to be for dAae-o, contracted to aAdo, with
assimilation of vowels dAwo, and by transposition of quantity
( 26 c) dAoco.
d. One of the vowels is usually lengthened in the text of the
Mss. Sometimes this appears to be a conformation to Attic usage.
e. Verbs in -ew generally remain uncontracted (except ee, which
is generally contracted in the Mss.), but often the uncontracted
forms are metrically possible, co is very rarely contracted except
in the participle ending -cu/xevos (where contraction occurs to prevent
a too frequent recurrence of short syllables, 62 e). eo> is never con-
tracted but is often pronounced as one syllable by synizesis ( 28).
i Sometimes the variable vowel is contracted with e of the
stem instead of with the termination, as pvOeiai 6 180, atSeto (aiSe'eo)
i 269, vetai A. 114. One of these vowels is sometimes dropped, as
fj.vdea.1 (3 202, TrwXeai 8 811.
g. The older form of these verbs, in -, is sometimes preserved,
as TcAetet 234, oivo/3ape<W i 374. See 26 e.
h. Verbs in -aa> and -eo> may have a present infinitive in -i^evat,
like /u-verbs, as Tro^/xevai /, 110.
i. Verbs in -oa> are generally contracted. Sometimes they have
forms with the double o sound, like verbs in -aw, as apouo-tv (apov-
<riv) 1 108, vrrvwovTas c 48, fyioutv (SrjLoouv?) 8 226. With these forms
may be compared <oo>s (<aos, <ais) e 2.
TENSES.
51. Future and First Aorist, Active and Middle. (H. 420 ff. ;
G. 777.) a. Pure verbs which do not lengthen the stem-vowel in
the formation of the tenses, often have double v in the future and
first aorist, active and middle.
52/.] TENSES. lv
b. In the future the a of the before-mentioned verbs often disap-
pears, as avriooiv a 25.
c. Stems in 8 often show double o- in the aorist.
d. Most of these forms with o-tr may be explained as original or
assimilated, as veiKecro-e from the theme VCIKCO- (cf. va/cos), Ko/xtWaro
for Ko/xiSo-aTo (cf. K0(j.i8r)). Thus the stem-vowel of these verbs was
not final originally, and hence is not lengthened in the future
and aorist.
e. Some stems in A and p retain the <r of the future and aorist
(as some do in Attic), as ap<ras a 280, eKtAo-atiev t 546, wpa-av i 154.
t Some verbs have a future without tense-sign, as 8yta find,
eitu, KaKKet'ovres to lie down, ISotiau, yco/uoi, rtb/utt. Most of these verbs
are old presents which acquired a fu'ture signification, e?tu is not
often future in Homer.
g. Some verbs form the first aorist, active and middle, without
er, as rfveiKav (Attic rjveyKav) 8 784, e^evev /3 395, aXeaaOe 8 774, eKyc
y273.
h. The first aorist often has the variable .vowel of the second
aorist o/e, as tov, SIXTCTO. So in the imperative, as oio-eVw 255 ;
infinitive, oio-e'/txevai 399; participle, Suo-o/xe'vou a 24.
i Verbs in -a> often have themes in y, and consequently futures
and first aorists in -w and -a, as ^e/j/Lir/ptfe /3 93.
52. Perfect. (H. 446 ff., 490 ; G. 682 ff.) a. The so-called
first perfect in -m is formed from only 20 vowel-stems. It is
almost as rare as the first aorist in -*a (!Sa>Ka, erjKa, ZOrjKa). Forms
without K are derived even from vowel-stems, especially participial
forms, as Trc^wacri t] 114, but 7re<ua<riv rj 128 ; TeOvr)K(.v a 196, T0vrj-
KVWLV 8 734, but Te^v^toTO? a 289.
b. The final mute of the stem is not aspirated.
c. The endings are affixed immediately to the reduplicated verb-
stem in /?e/8oa(ri, yeyawras, 8et8iOi, eiKTfjV, i8[j.ev,
d. r/vuyov (as 216), /xe'/xijKoi/ (as i 439), ye'ywvc (as 6 305), and
TrtTrXrj-yov 264, are inflected as imperfects.
e. oAaA^o-^at, d/ca^ry/xei'os, aKa^rjaOai. and ecrcrv/xevos are accented
irregularly as presents.
f. A ' periphrastic ' perfect is found in a 18, i 455, 196, A
443.
Ivi INTRODUCTION. [ 52 g.
g. In the feminine participle the short form of the stem appears,
as apr)pw<;, but apapvla ; hence eixvid [/re/rtKUta] not CIKVUI /3 383, XeAa-
Kvia p. 85, etc.
VOICES.
53. Middle, a. The active and middle forms opav (about 40
times) and bpavQai (about 20 times), iSetv (more than 200 times)
and i8eo-0ai (90 times), are used often without appreciable difference
of meaning. Cf. e<pa.TO a 381, etprj /3 377 ; 6io> a 201, oio/xat a 173.
b. The first aorist middle is sometimes used without difference
of meaning from the second aorist active, as yS^o-ero, y 481, !/fy a
427 ; e'SwrcTo 8 425, 2Su y 329.
c. The future middle is sometimes used as passive. Cf. 54 e.
d. The aorist middle is often used as passive, as XnrtaOai y 196,
equivalent to XcKpOyvai.. Cf. d/A$;(VTo B 41 with a^e^yOrj 8 716 ;
/iv^craro a 29 with e7rt/xv^o-^t's a 31 ; ouraro a 323 with (aio~0i) 8 453.
N.B. The passive formation in Greek is comparatively late.
54. Passive, a. For the ending of the aorist passive infinitive
see 47 h.
b. For the ending of the third person plural indicative, see 47 o.
c. The second aorist subjunctive passive usually remains uncon-
tracted, and follows the rule of /u-verbs ( 55 c).
d. In the second aorist subjunctive, the passive suffix is often
long (and the mode vowel short in the dual and in the first or
second person plural, 48 a), as Saei<a i 280, rpa.ireiop.ev 292
(repTrw, 34).
e. Homer has only two futures from passive stems, 8a-rj<rea.i y 187
and /uy/o-ecr0ai K 365. The future middle form was used for the
future passive just as freely as the perfect middle form for the
perfect passive.
L Some verbs have both first and second aorists passive, as
rdpTTTjcrav y 70; rdpffrOev 99.
g. The so-called second aorist passive form is closely related
with the intransitive aorist active. Cf. pvrj flowed, y 455, tydvr]
e 279, c'SaV 8 267, with f/fy, Ion?, KT\.
h. The ' verbal adjective ' is not always passive : axXavTos 8 494,
without tears ; aTrwros 8 675, without learning, ignorant ;
c 456, breathless.
586.] PREPOSITIONS. Ivii
55. Verbs in -MI. (H. 476 ff. ; G. 794 ff.) a. Some verbs in
-fit. have forms in the present and imperfect indicative which follow
the analogy of contract verbs : nOii, SiSot, SiSoCo-i. These are more
common than the /u-forms.
b. For the ending -v for -ow, see 47 p.
c. The second aorist subjunctive active generally remains uucon-
tracted. The stem vowel often appears in its long form with short
mode vowel in the dual and in the first and second persons plural
(c/. 48 a, 54 d), as 0'o> a 89, Buo^v v 364.
d. Instead of Kepa'vw/xi mix, Treravw/u spread out, and a-Kt8dvwfj.i
scatter, Homer uses Kipvyp-i, irirvrffu, and tr/a'Sv^/xi.
56. Second Aorists without Variable Vowel. (H. 489 ; G. 798
f.) Far more frequently than in Attic, second aorists, active and
middle, are found without variable vowel, following the analogy
of verbs in -pi, as I/XIKTO a 433, KXvOi ft 262, on-VAto? y 15 (TrAww),
<0to-0at ft 183, XfKTO 8 453, I8cyfj,r)v i 513.
57. Iterative Forms. (H. 493 ; G. 778.) a. Iterative forms
of the imperfect and aorist indicate the repetition of a state or
action. The augment is generally omitted. These forms are char-
acterized by the suffix -O-K, and have the inflection of the imperfect
of verbs in -o>. They are confined to the Ionic dialect. The itera-
tive idea is frequently waning and occasionally is lost, as in IO-KC,
which is equivalent to ty.
b. Verbs in -o> add the endings -cruov or -0-Kop.rjv to the c-form of
the stem of the present or second aorist, as ICTKC, tiTreo-xc, iSeo-K*, or
to the stem of the first aorist, as WO-OO-KC (w#o) A 599.
PREPOSITIONS.
58. a. Prepositions often retain their original local adverbial
force (as cv Se but therein, Tropa Se and beside him), cf. 292. They
may be placed after the verbs or nouns with which they are
connected. See 22 d. Not infrequently an editor must be in
doubt whether to print the preposition as part of the verb, or
independently. (H. 785 ; G. 1222.)'
b. The preposition is often separated from the verb which it
modifies, as /xe'Aas cVl lo-Trcpos qAflev a 423, where eVt modifies ^A0ev ;
Kara /8ovs 'YTrepiovos 'HeAioio j rjcrOiov a 8, where Kara modifies y&Oiov.
Iviii INTRODUCTION. [ 58 c.
c. Anastrophe. (H. 109 ; G. 116.) a. Disyllabic prepositions,
when they immediately follow the word with which they are con-
strued, take the accent upon the penult, except ap.<f>i, avri, avd, 8ta.
(3. Ivi is used for Iveiai or IVCCTTI, ITTL for CTrecm, p-era for /ue'reon,
Tra'pa for Tra'petcri.
f. In order to avoid ambiguity, adverbial Trept is accented as
7Tpi when it stands before a noun.
8. Elided prepositions suffer anastrophe only when they as
adverbs modify a verb to be supplied.
d. a. ev has the parallel forms dv, evf, dvi dv stands only in
the part of the foot which receives the ictus, and its use is nearly
confined to certain phrases, as dv dyopfj, dv 'AiSao 8d/xoriv.
(3. The poet uses both es and eis, Trpds, rrpori, and TTOTI, VTTO and
Trapa and irapai.
e. ap.<f>(, avd, and fierd are used also with the dative.
ADVERBS.
59. (H. 257 ff. ; G. 364 ff.) a. a. A predicate adjective is often
used where the English idiom has an adverb or an adverbial
phrase, as x&os rjXvOts ft 262, didst come yesterday, ^epioi i 52, early
in the morning, Trawv\i.o<i a 443, all night long, Trp^vT/s e 374 (promts'),
on his face.
ft. An adjective formed from a preposition and a substantive,
is equivalent to the preposition with the substantive. Thus /xera-
So'pTrios 8 194 is equivalent to /utra Sop? during supper.
y. Trp6<f>p<av willing, is used only predicatively, where the English
idiom uses willingly, as ft 230.
b. Adverbs ending in -a are common : o-a^a, ra^a, w/ca. These
seem to have been originally neuter cognate accusatives, and many
are such still ; cf. TroAX' eTrereAXe, TToAAa ^paro, yue'ya V^TTIC, p-eyaA'
cu^ero, KT\.
c. Adverbs in -a>s are not common ; they are most frequent from
o-stems : OVTWS (OVTOS), ws (o), auTws (avrds), KCIKCOS (KU/COS). ifrcus and
6/xotws are not found, xuXws only ft 63.
60/.] HOMERIC VERSE. lix
HOMERIC VERSE.
60. The Heroic Hexameter. (H. 1064 ff., 1100 ; G. 1620 f.,
1669.) a. The poems are to be read with careful attention to
the metrical quantity of each syllable, as well as to the sense of
the passage. Each verse has six feet (bars or measures) ; hence the
name hexameter. Emphasis or stress of voice is laid on the first
syllable of each foot. The part of the foot which has no ictus
(the arsis) should receive as much time though not so much stress
as the ictus-syllable (the thesis). The rhythm would be called
time in modern music. (N.B. The English hexameter, found e.g.
in Longfellow's Evangeline, is generally read as of $ time.)
b. The written word-accent must be disregarded in reading
Homeric verse. Occasionally the verse ictus and word-accent
may coincide, as in avOpa /not IwcTre, MoDo-a, TroXvrpOTrov os /u.aA.a
TroAAa a 1, but the word-accent seems to have had no influence
on the formation of the verse.
c. The dactyl 1 ( J ^ \ or _ w w ), with the ictus on the first
syllable, is the fundamental and prevailing foot of Homeric verse.
It is often replaced by a spondee 2 or heavy dactyl ( J J or ).
Dactyls are about three times as frequent as spondees in the
Homeric poems.
d. Verses in which each of the first five feet is a dactyl are far
more common in Homer than in Vergil : there are 160 in the first
book of the Iliad alone, and 77 in the first book of the Odyssey.
Many frequently recurring verses have this rhythm ; as rov 8' a-jra-
fj.f.i(36p.evos irpovecfir] ve^cXr/yepeVa Zeus, avrap CTTCI TroVtos KOL eS^Tvos
e Ipov IVTO. Many other verses have but one spondee (generally
in the first or second foot) among the first five feet ; as ^/xos o'
^eAios KdTeSu KCU CTTI Kve<f>as r)\0ev.
e. Spondees are most common in the first two feet ; they are
more and more avoided in each foot toward the close of the verse.
i The first foot allows more freedom than any other. A short
1 This name is borrowed from SdicriAos finger, and the fanciful explanation
was given that the finger (like this metrical foot) has one long and two short
joints !
2 This name was derived from the use of this slow, solemn measure in the
hymns which accompanied the libation (o-iroi'Si)) to the gods.
] x INTRODUCTION. [ 60 /.
vowel there more frequently retains its natural quantity before a
mute and a liquid, and yet is more frequently lengthened in the
unaccented part of the foot before that combination. At the close
of the first foot, hiatus is allowed ( 30 b).
g. The Bucolic diaeresis ( 61 K) is seldom immediately pre-
ceded by a word of three long syllables. Before this diaeresis, a
dactyl is strongly preferred.
h. Verses which have a spondee in the fifth foot are called spon-
daic verses (tirr) o-TrovSciaxa). They are more common in Homer
than in the Latin poets, about 4 per cent, of the verses of the
Iliad and Odyssey being spondaic.
i These spondaic verses seem especially frequent at the close
of emphatic sentences or. of divisions of the narrative, and in
descriptions of suffering and toil, but often no rhythmic effect is
sought; the convenience of the verse determined the measure.
In about half of the cases a single word of four syllables closes the
spondaic verse. Never should the fifth foot be filled by a single
word of two syllables.
j. The last foot in each verse is strictly a spondee, but the final
syllable may be short ; the deficiency in time is then made up by
the slight pause which follows at the end of the verse ( 62 Z).
A heavy or consonantal ending is preferred ; hence the ^-movable
is often used.
k. The student need not concern himself about elision as in
Latin poetry, that is already done in the text ; but he must be
watchful for ' synizesis ' ( 28).
CAESURAL PAUSES.
61. (H. 1081 ; G. 1642 f.) a. Each verse has one or more
caesural pauses (caesura = ro/irj cutting), pauses within a foot.
b. The principal caesura of the verse is always a pause in the
sense, and is often emphasized by punctuation; but occasionally
commas are found where no pause is necessary.
Of course no pause can be made immediately before an enclitic,
since this is closely connected with the foregoing word.
c. A caesura is almost always found in the third foot ; only 185
verses of the Iliad and 71 of the Odyssey have no break there. It
61 /*.] CAESURAL PAUSES. Ixi
occurs either after the ictus syllable (as /AT/VIV oei8 Otd A
'A^tA^os A 1 _ww|_ww|_A_| wv^| wv^| __ I )> or
between the two short syllables (as dvBpa poi Iwwrf. Movo-a A iroXv-
TpoiTOv os p.d\a. TroAAa a 1, _ ww| _ ww| _ w A w | _ wv^| _ ww
| __ | ). These two caesuras are about equally frequent ; but
the second slightly predominates and seems to have been pre-
ferred.
d. The importance of the caesura in the third foot is marked
not only by the freedom with which hiatus ( 30 6) is allowed
there, and by the evident avoidance of elision at that point, but
also by the large number of tags of verses which are suited to
follow it ; as 7raTr]p dvBpStv TC Oewv re, /3ow7rts iroTvia "Hp?;, Ota ACUKOJ-
Aevos "Hp?7, Ota. yAau/cwTrts 'A.@rjvr), <^tAo/A/nei8^s 'A</oo8iV?7, Aios
'A^atot', "A^atoiv ^aAKO^tTwvan/, Kapr)
Meve'Aaos, ava^ avBptov 'Aya/Lte/^vcov, ftorjv ayaObs Ato-
Neorwp KT\., all of which must be preceded
by the feminine caesura (see/) of the third foot ; while 'Ayap.ep.vo-
vos 'Arpci'Sao, tvpv Kpet'coi/ 'Aya/xeynvcov, ^y^ropcs ^Se /At'Sovrcs, dira/AeiyScTO
<J><avrj(Tev TC KT\. must be preceded by the masculine caesura of the
third foot. See 25 e, /
e. The pause after the first syllable of the third foot is called
the penthemimeral caesura (Wire. T//U.I-, /xepos) because it conies after
the fifth half-foot ; it divides the verse into 2 + 3 feet. The
pause between the two short syllables of the third foot divides the
verse into 2f + 3 feet.
f. The pause after an ictus-syllable is called a masculine caesura
because of the vigorous movement which it gives to the verse.
The pause between two unaccented syllables is called a feminine
caesura.
g. Sometimes the principal pause of the verse is the masculine
caesura of the fourth foot. This is called the hephthemimeral
caesura (em- a, i//w-, //.epos). It is frequent after a feminine caesura
of the third foot. It gives an energetic movement after a penthe-
mimeral caesura, when the verse is divided into 2 -j- 1 -}- 2
feet.
h. Sometimes the pause of the verse is at the close of the fourth
foot ; this is called the Bucolic diaeresis (a diaeresis being a pause
at the end of a word between two feet) or caesura, since it is most
Ixii INTRODUCTION. [ 61 A.
evidently aimed at in the Bucolic or pastoral poetry of Theocritus.
Occasionally there is a transition at this point to another part of
the story. This Bucolic diaeresis with the penthemimeral caesura
divides the verse into 2^- -f- 1 -f- 2 feet.
L The importance of the Bucolic diaeresis is marked by the
large number of tags of verses which are ready to follow it, as Stos
'OSv(7crus, ?pKOS 'A^atwv, iiriroTa. Ne'arwp, o/8/ai/xos *Apr;s, <ai'8t|U.os "EKTcop,
<I>ot/?os 'ATToXAtov, IlaAAa.? 'A^v^, 8ta Oeawv, (Mfritra. ZEUS, io-o'0>s <uis.
See 25 /. Hiatus is allowed here occasionally. See 30 b.
j. A slight pause occurs often after the first short syllable of
the fifth foot. The poet prefers to close the verse with the rhythm
_ w, w (where the comma represents the end of a word) rather
than __ w w, This rhythm is found in all verses which close
with HoAAas 'A.0rjvr) or <J>ot/2os 'ATroAAwv or 67os 'OSucro-evs.
k. The principal pause of the verse is seldom found at the close
of the third foot. This would divide the verse into two equal
parts and cause monotony. A word ends there not infrequently,
but is accompanied by a more prominent caesura in the third or
fourth foot. In ot 8' o5s ovv etVovs iSov, aOpooi r)\6ov ttTravres y 34,
the pause at first sight seems to come where the comma stands,
after the third foot ; but here (and in A. 266) the real pause made
by the bard in his recitation probably came before i8ov.
L Even a slight pause is rare between the two short syllables
of the fourth foot.
m. No sentence ends with the second foot.
n. The pause in the third foot gives to the rest of the verse an
anapaestic movement, from which it is often recalled by the Bucolic
diaeresis.
o. The varied position of the main caesura, and the minor pauses
in different parts of the verse, together with the interchange of
spondees and dactyls, give perfect freedom from monotony, without
detracting from the grace and dignity of the measure. 1
1 Coleridge's lines with regard to the Homeric verse are worth remembering:
' Strongly it bears us along in swelling and limitless billows,
Nothing before and nothing behind but the sky and the ocean."
02 a.] QUANTITY.
QUANTITY.*
62. (H. 92 ff. ; G. 98 f., 1623 f.) a. Metrical convenience or
necessity often determined the poet's choice among synonymous
words ( 25 e, /). The poet in general preferred the light dactyls
to the heavy dactyls or spondees, and retained in the Epic dialect
a large number of dactylic forms which were afterwards contracted.
An amphimacer ( w , d/A<i', /xa/cpoV) was avoided often by means
of ' apocope/ ' synizesis/ or ' elision.'
The apparent irregularities of metre in the Homeric verse are
due principally to the fact that our printed text does not give an
exact representation of the poems as they were sung. We may
compare the fate of Chaucer's verse, which was considered unrhyth-
mical and unmetrical until a better knowledge was gained of the
poet's pronunciation.
Thus most exceptions to the rules of quantity are only apparent.
The poet, for example, did not lengthen a short syllable by placing
the ictus upon it. If an apparently short final syllable stands
where a long syllable is expected, it is probable either
(1) that the final syllable was originally long, and later lost part
of its quantity ; or
(2) that the following word has lost an initial consonant which
would have made the preceding syllable long by position (see j
below) ; or
(3) that the pause (musical rest} of a caesura or diaeresis fills
1 The beginner will find it convenient to remember concerning a, i, v, the
vowels of which the quantity is not clear at the first glance, that
(1) they are short in the final syllable of any word when the antepenult has
the acute or the penult has the circumflex accent;
(2) they are regularly short in inflectional endings, as /tia'x^t, TJPWI, rptirovffi,
TtOinrjKa, in the final syllables of neuter nouns, as 5w/t, rinap, /*At, ddicpv, in
suffixes, except where v has been lost before cr, as <f>fou, Qolvurffa, in particles,
especially hi prepositions, as d.i>d, irep/, vir6, dpa, ZTI, and generally in the
second aorist stem of verbs ;
(3) they are long in the final syllable when the penult is long by nature and
has the acute accent ;
(4) they are long when they are the result of contraction, as trlpd from
trlpae, Ipbv from Iep6v, and as the final vowel of the stem of nouns of the first
declension.
Ixiv INTRODUCTION. [ (32 a.
out the time occupied by the foot, allowing the same freedom as
at the end of the verse ( GO,/).
b. A considerable number of anomalies, however, remain unex-
plained. Prominent among the unexplained anomalies of quantity
is the I of certain abstract nouns, which form such a definite class
that it may be assumed that there was some explanation, perhaps
physiological, for them all.
c. Many apparently irregular variations of natural quantity, as
well as apparent freedom in allowing hiatus, and variations of
quantity made by position (see j below), are to be explained by
the loss of a consonant.
d. a. A syllable which contains a long vowel or a diphthong is
long by nature. Final at and ot are metrically long, although short
as regards accentuation.
ft. The quantity of some vowels is not fixed, as 'A-n-oXXwvos i 198,
"AiroAAwvos i 201.
y. Most of these vowels with variable quantity were originally
long and were becoming short, as the Homeric ?o-os, KdAos, and
<f>apos became 10-05, /caAos, and <f>dpo<; in Attic poetry. Evidently
every vowel which at first was long and afterwards became short
must have had at some time a metrical quantity which could be
treated either as long or short, i.e. its quantity was variable.
8. With this variation of natural quantity may be compared the
double forms employed in Homer, one with a single consonant,
another with two consonants, as 'AxtAAevs y 106, 'A^iAeS A 478 ;
*O8v(rcrvs a 57, 'OSvcrevs /3 246 ; OTTTTCOS a 270, OTTWS a 57, /-u'oxn; 8 844,
/x-e'orov 8 400, KrA., many of which doubled consonants are known to
be justified etymologically.
e. Sometimes a naturally short vowel was lengthened (not by
the poet, but in the speech of the people) in order to avoid the too
frequent recurrence of short syllables. This is illustrated by the
rule for the use of o or w in the comparison of adjectives (o-o^wrepos
but Kou<ore/oos), and by the words which have a vowel similarly
lengthened in the Attic dialect (as a&xvaros, Trpoarjyopos. {iTTT/peVr/?).
We find avrjp but ai/epes, Ilpia/xos but Il/aia/uS^s, Ovyarrjp but Ovyarfpa.
L a. In Homeric verse a syllable which contains a short vowel
is long by position when the vowel is followed by a double conso-
nant (, , if/) or by two or more consonants, whether these are in
62t.] QUANTITY. l xv
the same or in the following word or are divided between the
two words.
ft. This rule holds good also in case of a mute followed by a
liquid. This combination rarely fails to make position within a
word, and generally makes position when it stands at the begin-
ning of a word, especially when this word is closely connected
with the preceding, as vTrare KpeidvTwv a 45.
g. a. Sometimes a vowel remains short before a mute followed
by X or p, as always in w A<f>po8iTrj, dAAoflpoovs a 183, TrpoTpdV^Tai,
and before KAuTai/xn/orpr/. These words could not have been
brought into the verse if the mute and liquid must make length
by position, and the history of the language shows that this
combination of mute and liquid was gradually losing its weight.
ft. That a mute and liquid do not always make length by posi-
tion is explained by the ease with which the combination can be
pronounced at the beginning of a syllable, leaving the preceding
vowel short and ' open.'
y. Before four words, two of which begin with the double conso-
nant and two with the two consonants <TK (not a mute and a
liquid), the preceding vowel remains short : vX^evrt ZaKw0u> a 246,
ot 8e Ze'Aciav B 824, Trpo^ovro 2/<a/u.avSpiov B 465, reiTa ovceVapvov
e237.
h. a. A single A, /*, v, p, <r, at the beginning of certain words,
may make position (cf. 33 V) : Kara /xoTpav 6 496, xdAoi TC /neyaAoi
re i 426, VTTO AiTrapouriv ft 4, re \iapov re e 268, evi vrj<rta K 3, CTTI vcv-
pfj<f>iv \ 607.
ft. So also 8 makes position in the stem fyri- (SeTo-at fear), and
always in ST/V long, as eSetcrcv yap c/x^v iKirayXov evLwrjv K 448, oi>8' ap'
Tl Br,v ft 296.
y. <f> seems to be used as a double consonant in Ze^vpo; 77 119.
Thus o<fnv M 208 is a ' trochee,' _ w.
i a. Cognate languages and collateral dialectic forms show that
most words which in the Attic dialect began with p, once began with
o-p or pp. This explains the doubling of the p after the augment
and in composition, as well as its power to make position in
Homeric verse.
ft. Of the instances of lengthening before /x, most are only
physiologically explained,. the /.-sound being easily continued
Ixvi INTRODUCTION. [ 62 i.
until it is virtually a double consonant. But this lengthening
occurs only before certain stems (especially fuyapov, and /xe'yas and
its kin), not before /ta^eo-fta, /xeVeiv, /noCvos, KT\.
j. One of the consonants which made position has often been
lost, as dpvv/u,vos ft]V a 5 } onJvc^e's (o"vv-(rep(S ?) t 74.
k. a. A long final vowel or diphthong in the arsis of the foot
is regularly shortened before a following vowel : TrXdyxOrj, CTTCI
( ww | ) a 2, vT/JTnoi, ot Kara. /Sous ( ^> w | ww | )a8. The
shortening of a long vowel is essentially the elision of half the
vowel ( 30 d).
/3. Final at, ot, ei are most frequently shortened before an initial
vowel. Final ot is shortened eight times as often as final rj.
y. The diphthongs ending in v seem to have been more firm in
retaining their quantity than those ending in t.
8. This shortening of diphthongs seems to indicate a tendency
of the final t or v of the diphthong to go into its cognate y (j) or v
(f ) sound and disappear (cf. 26 /). In Pindar, also, a final diph-
thong is shortened five times as often as a long final vowel. Of
course there was no hiatus when the j or p was spoken.
c. Final u> and y are shortened before an initial vowel more
rarely than other diphthongs. o> is seldom shortened except before
an c or (less frequently) an a.
1. Before a pause (as before the close of the verse, see 60 j),
a short vowel may be used in place of a long vowel : IK yap 'Ope'orao
a 40 _ w | I A, ciaT 1 d/couovTes a 326. The pause in the
rhythm occupies the remainder of the time which would be spent
in pronouncing a long syllable, ^i J J J- Before a pause,
also, a long final vowel may preserve its quantity although the
following word begins with a vowel, as ot /xv Svo-o/xevov 'YTrepiovos
a 24, just as a verse may close with a short vowel although the
next following verse begins with a vowel, as {tow
'HcAtbto | rfo-Oiov a 8 f.
m. A few verses seem to begin with a short syllable, as
(probably 7r/:ct8^) TO Trpwrov 8 13.
INTRODUCTION.
Ixvii
(1)
NlOBE
ATREUS
FAMILY TREES.
THE PELOPIDS.
TANTALUS
OENOMAUS
PELOPS = HIPPODAMEIA
PlTTHEUS
AGAMEMNON MENELAUS = HELEN
(m. Clytaemnestra)
MEGAPENTHES
ORESTES ELECTRA IPHIGENEIA
THYESTES
AEGISTHUS
HERMIONE
(2)
THE AEACIDS.
ZEUS
ABACUS (of Aegiua)
PELEUS = THETIS
ACHILLES
NEOPTOLEMUS
TELAMON
AJAX
I
EURYSACES
TEUCEK
Ixviii
INTRODUCTION.
(3)
THE ROYAL FAMILY OF ITHACA.
ARCEISIUS AUTOLYCUS = AMPHITHEA
LAERTES =
I
CTIMENK
I
ANTICLEIA
ICARIUS
ODYSSEUS = PENELOPE IPHTHIME
TELEMACHUS
(4)
ILUS
(Founder of llios)
LAOMEDON
THE ROYAL FAMILY OF TROY.
ZEUS
DARDANUS
(Ruler of Dardania)
TROS
(Founder of Troy)
GANYMEIJ
(Cupbearer of Zeus)
PRIAM = HECUBA
HECTOR = ANDROMACHE
ASTYANAX
TlTHONUS = EOS
MEMNON
(Leader of the Aethiopians)
ASSARACUS
CAPYS
ANCHISES
AENEAS
I
(ASCANIUS)
NOTE. According to a later story, Autolycus, Odysseus's grandfather, was
son of Herines, and Icarius, Penelope's father, was brother of Tyndaretis who
was father of Clytaemnestra, and putative father of Helen.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE.
THE Homeric Manuscripts are better and more ancient than
those of any other Greek secular author. In all, more than one
hundred are known and described. No Ms. of the Odyssey is so
pre-eminent as Venetus A of the Iliad. Some verses of the poem
have been preserved on fragments of papyrus in Egypt from the
early centuries of our era, but these have little critical value.
The oldest complete Mss. of the Odyssey are two on parchment in
the Library of San Lorenzo at Florence, of the tenth century of
our era. A noted Ms. (Harleianus) of the British Museum and
one (No. 613) of the Library of San Marco at Venice are assigned
to the thirteenth century.
The earliest printed edition of Homer was that of Demetrius
Chalcondylas, in two large and handsome volumes, Florence, 1488.
The most important critical edition of the Odyssey is that of
Ludwich, Leipzig, 1889.
Convenient text editions are those of Dindorf-Hentze, Ludwich,
and Cauer (all published in Leipzig). The interesting edition of
Nauck (Berlin, 1877) has a selection of critical notes, and is inde-
pendent of current tradition, in which respect Cauer's resembles it.
The most scholarly English edition of the entire Odyssey is that
of Henry Hayman, in three volumes, London, 1866-82.
The most convenient small work treating of (a) the general liter-
ary characteristics of the poems, (b~) the Homeric world, (c) Homer
in Antiquity, and (d) the Homeric Question, is Homer ; An Intro-
duction to the Iliad and the Odyssey by Kichard Claverhouse Jebb.
Matthew Arnold's Essay On translating Homer, in his Essays in
Criticism, makes distinct the most prominent characteristics of
Homeric style.
Moriro's Grammar of the Homeric Dialect, Second Edition, Ox-
ford, 1891, is the best book on the subject in any language.
Andrew Lang's Homer and the Epic, London, 1893, is a readable
book, and treats its subject from the point of view of the literary
man rather than from that of the professional scholar. Agnes M.
Clerke's Familiar Studies in Homer, London, 1892, will interest
many pupils, though it is not of high authority.
Copyrighted, 1897, by Ginn & Co.
ITHACA.
(Northern Part, from Mt. Aetos. From a Photograph.)
yop. .r]v<s 7rapateo~ts 77/35
eWeTre, /xovcra, iroXvTpoTrov, 05 fJidXa TroXXd
, eVet Tpofys tepoj> TTToXitd pov
wv 8* dv0pd>TT(t)v i&ev acrrea /cat z/ooi'
iroXXa 8' o y' eV TTOITW irdOev dXyea oi/ Kara 0vfi6v,
5 dpvvfjievos r)v re ^V^YJV /cat VQITTOV eraipuv.
dXX' ouS' w? erdpovs eppvaaro le/xei'o? vre/)
yap o~(f)Tpr)(riv dracrdaXCyo'Lv O\OVTO,
i, ot /cara /3ov? 'T-rrepiovos 'HeXtoto
ri<r6iov avrdp 6 rotcriv a^etXero VOCTTL^OV
10 raw dfji606i> ye, ded Ovyarep Ato?, etTre /cat
eV$' aXXot /xey Tratre?, ocrot (frvyov alnvv o\eOpov,
OLKOL ecrav troXe^ov re Tre^evyore? lySe OdXacro-av
TOP S' oloi^ vocrrou Ke\py)n.4vov ^8e yv^at/co?
vv(j.<f>rj TTorvC epVKe KaXui/Kw 8ta Oeduv
15 eV tTTrecrcrt yXa^vpolori, XiXatojaeVTy
dXX' ore 8^ ero? ^X^e TreptTrXo/xeVaJv
TGJ Ot 776/cXc(JCravrO $Ot OtKOvSe V(T0a.L
ets 'WaKrjv, ovS* e^^a Trec^vy/xeVo? -^e^ de
/cat ju,era otcrt ^>tXot(Ti. ^eot 8* eXeaLpov
20 v6(r<f)L IlocreiSaajz'OS 6 8* dcrTrep
dvTiOto) 'OSvcrrji Trapes rjv yatav t/cecr^at.
dXX' 6 /xei/ At^iWa? jaere/cta^e 717X0^' eotras,
rot St^^d 8e8atarat, eo-^arot dvSpatv,
"
2 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
ot /xe> Bvaofjievov 'TTreptoi/o? ot 8' dz/toVros,
25 avnowv ravpwv re /cat apveiwv e/caro'/x^?.
V /)>/ O \ X v * v \ \
ei/0 o y erep-ne.ro oatrt iraprj^evo^ ot oe 017 aXAot
ZT^OS eVt fJieydpoLCTLv 'OXv^Trtou aOpooi rjcrcnv.
rotcrt Se fJivOwv rjpx e 7rari)/3 av$pa>v re 6ea>v re
fjivrjcrctTO yap Kara 6vp.ov a/xvjuoi'os AiyiaBoio,
30 roV /a' 'Aya/ae/xvoi'tS^s T7y\e/c\vr6s SKTOLV '
TOU o y* eirifJiV'rja'Bels eTre* adavdroiari
a TTOTTOI, ofo^ 8r^ i/w Beovs j3poTol atrtoaji/rat
yap <a<ri /ca/c' ffifj&vai, ot Se /cat avrot
ra.a'daXi-Qa'LV virep [j.6pov a\ye fyatHrur,
35 a>5 /cat vw Aiytcr^o? vvrep jj.6poi> 'ArpetSao
y^/A* dXo^o^ lunjcTT^v, rov S' eKTave voa'Tijcra.vTa,
etSoj? al-nvv o\.6pov, eTret TT/)O ot
'Ep/jLLav Tre^avrf.^ IVCTKOTTOV
[JLTJT' OLVTOV KTtlveiv pyre jJifdacrOaL O.KOITLV
40 e/c yct/3 'OpeWao rto-t? ecrcrerat 'ArpetSao,
OTTTroV at' rjfiTJory re /cat -^5 t/xetyoerat atr^?.
019 e^>a^' 'Epjoteia, dXX* ou <f>pei>a.s Atytcr^oto
^/ > ^ > j ' ^o e /i' />
Trett/ aya.ua, (ppovew vvv o aupoa iravr
rov S' ^etySer* eTretra ^ed, yXav/cwTri? *A0i}vi)
45 "a) Trdrep T^/zeVepe Kpov&r], vnare
/cat XtT^v /ceti/o? ye eot/cort /ceTrat o
a>5 d;roXotTo /cat dXXo?, ort? rotavrd ye
dXXd jotot dyu,<^>' 'OSvcr^t $at<f)povi Saterat 17x0/3,
8vcr^to/3&), 09 Sr) S^^ct ^>tXa)i/ aTro Tny/xara
50 ^CTOJ ez^ djJL^LpvTy, o9i r 6/x^>aXo$ eVrt
vfjcros Se^Spi^ecrora, ^ed 8* ev Sahara vain,
"ArXar^ro? OvyaT-rjp oXoofipovos, os re
ird(rr)<; fievOea oTSev, e^et 8e' re /ctWag
d?, at yaldv re /cat ovpavov dfj.(f)l<s
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 3
55 rou 0vyaTr)p 8v(TTr)i>oi> o
aiel Se /zaXa/coTcrt /cat ai/AvXtort Aoyotcrti/
6e\yei, OTTO;? 'I#d/o79 eViATja-erai aura/3 'OSi>o-crV9
Kal Kairvov aTroBpaxTKovra vofjcrai
vetLi> t/xei/aerat. ot>8e' ^u (rot TTC/J
60 eVrpeVerat <f>i\ov rjrop, 'OXv/A7ne. ov vv r' *O8ucrcreus
Trapa vrjvcrl ^apt^ero lepa /5e'a)f
eV evpei-rj ; ri vv ol TOCTOV cuSvcrao, Zeu;"
TT)I^ 8* aTra/xei^Sojaei^o? 7rpO(re(f>rj i/e^eXrjyepeVd Zev?-
" TZKVOV ^6v, iroiov ere eTTO? <f)vyev ey3KO9 6Soi/Ta>i>.
65 TTWS av eTretr' 'OSucr^o? eya> deioio Xadoifjirjv,
05 irepl /xev t'ooi' ecrrt ftpoTwv, Trepl 8' tpa Beoi&iv
aBavdroLCTLv eSw/ce, rot ovpavbv evpvv
dXXa riocretSawi' yati^o^o? dtr/ceXeg atel
Kv/cXwTTO? Ke^oXwrat, w 6<j)6aXfjiov d
70 avTiOeov Ho\v(j>r)iJ,ov, oov /cpdro? eVrt
iracrLV Ku/cXwTrecra't Bowtra 8e /xti' re/ce
<l>o/3/cwo? Ovyarr^p dXo? drpvyeroto
cV (T7rec7(rt yXa^upotcrt IIo(retSd(yvt jatyetcra.
e/c TOU S>) 'OSvcr^a IlocretSdwi' evocri^Botv
75 ov rt KCLTCLKT civ ei, 7rXdei 8' aTro TrarpiSo?
dXX' d'ye^' T^/xet? otSe Trepi^pa^w^Oa TrdVre?
i/ocrrov, OTTO)? eXOrjcn HocreL$da)v 8e [j.e0ija-eL
ov ^6\ov ov jj.i> yap rt Swifcrerat avTia
d^avdrwv de/ci^rt ^ewz/ eptSat^e/xei' 0109."
80 roi^ 8* 7?/xei73er* erretra ^ed, yXav/ca)77t9 '
" a) TfOLTep rjjJitTepe KpoviSr), v-rrare Kpeiovrw,
el /xei^ ST) WM rovro <J>L\OV ^aKapecrcrt deolcnv,
'OSucrrJa 7rc\v<j)pova. oi^Se So/AOi/Se,
jLtei/ erretra Std/cropov dpyei<f)6vTr)v
85 vrjcrov 9 'Qyvytyv oTpwopev, o(f>pa rd^tcrra
4 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
vvfA<f>~r) euTrXoKct/xoj 17777 vrj/jLeprea flovXij
vocrrov 'OSvcra">Jo? TaXacrtypovos, w? Ke
avrdp eycov 'I #01/071/8' eVeXeucro/xai, 6<f)pa oi vibv
jjid\.\ov eirorpwc* /cat ot /teVo? eV <f>pecrl #eta>,
90 t? dyop^v /caXe'crai>ra Kapr) Ko/xdcutras 'A^atou?
iracri fj,vr)<TTTJp6<T(riv aTrenre/JLev, ot re 7 ot atet
^>a^ovo"t /cat etXtTroSa? e'Xt/ca? j3ovs.
8' eg 'Ziraiprrjv re Kat e? HvXo^
VO&TOV Trevcro/JLevov irarpo^ (f>i\ov, r\v TTOV
95 -^8* a>a /xtv /cXe'o? (rd\ov ev avOp^TTOLO'Lv
w? t7roi)o~* VTTO Trocrcrtt' eS^Varo /caXa TreStXa,
afjifipocrioi xpvcreia, rd ^iv <f)pov r^jikv e
^8' CTT' awcipova yalav a/xa 77^01^5 aw/xoto
etXero 8' aX/ctjaot* ey^o?, d/ca^ju-eVo^ 6et
100 j3pL0v fj.ya amfiapov,
rjpaxav, TOLCTLV re /coreVo"rat
fijj 8e /car' OvXvju-Troto
crrrj 8' 'I^a/ci^? e^t 817^0) CTTI TrpoOvpois '
ovSou eV avXetou, TraXa//,^ 8' e^e j(d\Keov
105 etSo/xeVi7 ^ewa), Ta^twi^ rjyrjTopi MeVrr^.
8' dpa [JLinr)(TTTJpa<; dyyvopas ot ^t> evretra
TrpondpoiOe Ovpdwv dvpov erepirov
^ pivoicri y8owi>, ov? eKTavov avrot*
8' avTOtcrt Kat oTpypol OepdirovTes
110 ot /xei' otvov efMicryov eVt KprjTrjp(TL /cat vSo)p,
oi 8' aure o-7rdyyoto-t Tro\vTp^Toi(n Tpa.7re,a.<;
VL^OV /cat TrpoTiOev, rot 8e /cpe'a vroXXa. Sarevi^ro.
8e TroXv TT/oajro? tSc T^Xe/Aa^o? ^0618175
yap e^ fjLvrj(rTrjp(Ti $i\ov TeTirjfjie
115 6o~o-d/x^o5 TTCLTep* IcrOXov eVt (f)pecru>, et
TO)V fJLV tTK&Q&W KOLTOL
ATHENA.
(Vatican. Rome.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A.
avro<? C OL Ka ^ Swxao-ti' ol&LV aVacrcroi.
TO,
/3rj S* i6vs irpoOvpOLo, v[j,6<Tcnj0r) 8' eVt
120 ^elvov $r)0d Ovprjcriv etfrea'Tdp.ev lyyuOi 8e ora?
X^lp* e'Xe ^e^LTeprjv /cat eSe^aro ya\Keov c
/cat /xtv <f>(t)VTJ(Ta. i s errea TTTepoevTa
"^at/ae, ^eti^e, Trap* a/x/xt <^tX^creat avrdp e
SetVi'ov Tracro'a^ei'o? /xv^'creat, orreo ere
125 015 etTrwv T^yet^', 17 8' ecrTrero ITaXXa? '
e &> v O/ov /) ^/
ot o ore 017 yo evTocrutv ecrav oo/xou v
77/305 KLOVO.
vBa. TT6p
* 'OSvcrcr^o? raXacrt^po^og tcrraro TroXXa,
130 avTrjv 8' e? dpovov eicrev aywv, VTTO XTra Trcrao'cras,
w ScuSaXeoi' VTTO 8e Oprjvvs Trocrtv ^f .
8' auro? /cXtcroi^ ^ero Trot/ctXo^ eKToOev aXXat>
SetTn/w aSryVete^, v7re/)^)taXotcrt
135 178* tW tttt' vrept Trar^o? 0.7701^0^^010 epoiTo.
a 8* d/x^>t7roXo5 Trpo^oa)
^pvcreirj vnep apyvp4oio
vfya(T0a.i trapa Se ^ecrTrjv erdVuo'cre
(TITOV 8* atSooy ra/xtr^
140 etSara TroXX* eTTt^etcra
Satrpo? Se KpeLa>i> TTtVa/ca? irapeOrjKev dei
iravToitov, irapa 8e' cr<^)t rt^et ^pvaeia /cmreXXa-
Krjpv 8* avrolcriv Od^ e7r&x ero olvo^oevajv.
e? 8* rj\6ov fjLvrjo-Trjpes dyqvop^. ot /xe> eTrctra y
145 e^eo^s ZtpvTo Kara /cXiayxovs re Opovovs re,
roto-t 8e /cT7/>v/ce? /xei^ uSwp eVt
&irov Se Syixcuat
6 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
Kovpoi Se KprjTrjpas eVearei^avro TTOTOIO.
ot 8* eV oveia.6' eroijaa 77po/cet)uez/a ^etyoag taXXov.
150 avrap eVel TTOCTIO? /cat eSryruo? e' epo^ eVro,
jjLvrja-rfjpes Tolcnv /x,eV eVi (frpecrlv dXXa /Ae/xTyXetf,
ju, 0X7717' T* 6px>7O~TV? re rd yap T' di'a^Ty/xara Satrd?*
Krjpv 8* eV ^epcrlv KiOapiv TrepiKa.\\4a
^TjfjiLa), 05 yo' T^etSe irapa ^.vj]<nr\p(riv
155 T? rot 6 <f>opfj.i,(i)v aveftdXXeTO Ka\bv
avrap T^Xe/xa^o? Trpocrefj)^ y\a.vKWTri
^aXrfv, Iva fj*r) irevOoiaO' ot aXXo
-^ /cat jitot vtjjLecnjcreai, OTTL
TOVTOKTLV fjiev Tavra fj.\i, KiOapis KOI dotS>f,
160 pet*, 7ret dXXorptov /Storov vrfTroivov eSouo~tr,
dvepos, ov 817 TTOU Xeu/c* 6o~rea TrvOerai o/x/3pa>
/cet/xev* 7r* rjTreipov, ^ elv dXt /cu/xa
et Ktivov y 'lOaLKrjvSe tSotaro
TrdvTts K dprycratar' e'Xa^porepot vroSa? et^at
165 ^ d^etorepot ^puo~oto re IcrOrJTos re.
i/w 8* 6 u,eV a>? aTToXcejXe KO.KOV oov, ov8e rt?
et ?rep rt? tTTi)(Oovio)v
uo~ecr^at TOU 8' a>Xero
dXX' dye ju,oi ro8e etTre /cat drpe/cew?
170 rt5, TToOev et? dv^pwv ; iroOi rot TroXts i^Se ro/c^eg; /
677770177? T* CTTt 1/770? d(j)iKo ' 77W? 8e o~ I'aurat
riyayov ei? 'WdKrjv; TtVe? eppevai ev^ero&Jiro ;
>\ // y\>^ >/) /> e / /)
ou /x> yap rt ere 774o^ oto/aat tvua.o iKecrvai.
/cat /xot TOV7* dyopevcrov eTTJTvjJLOV, o^>p' e'v etSai,
175 776 veoi' fJL07TL<; 77 /cat 77arpwto? eo~o~t
I'ew'o?, eVet 77oXXot Tcra^ di/e'pe? 77/xeVepov Sw
dXXot, e77et /cat /ce?^o? eVurrpo^o? 771^ d
^ roi/ 8* avre 77pocre / et77e ^ed, yXav/cco77t? '
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 7
" rotydp eyw rot ravra //.dX' drpe/ce'a>9 dyopevo~w.
180 MeVnjs 'Ay^tdXoto Sau^po^o? ev^o//,at et^at
v!o?, drctp Ta^totcrt (^tX-qpe'r/AOto-u' dvdcraa).
vvv 8* <SSe ;w ^t Ka.Tr)\vdov 178' erdpoto~tz>
TT\a)V eVt OIVOTTO. TTOVTOV 67T* aX\O0pOOV$ OLv6p<i)TTOV<S,
5 Te/JLecrrjv /icra ^aX/coi', aya> S' aWaiva crtS^po^.
185 ^ryz)? Se' /aot 178' ecmrjKei' eV* dypov vdcr<^>t 770X1705,
> \LfJLVL 'PeiOpto) VTTO Nljtft) V
8* d\\t]\(Di> iraTpuio
, et TTC/D re yepovT eLprjat 7T\0a>i>
\a.pTr)i> rfpwa, rov ov/cert <ao~t Tr
190 ep^e(T0 y dXX* dirdvevOev eV dy^ov
ypv)L o~vv dfjL(f>nr6X(o, rf ol fipaxriv re TTQ&IV re
TrapTiffel, evr' dv /atv /cct/xaro? Kara yvta
.pirvt > ovr > d.va yovvov dXarrjs ott'OTreSoto.
** ^* *\ /j ^^ ' *j * * ? ' *
i^v^ o ijkuov or) yap pi'V e<pa,vT firLorjjJLLov ziv at,
195 o~oi' Trarep' dXXct i/u rw ye $eot ySXctTrrovcrt /ceXev^o
ot yap 7TQ> TeOvrjKev eVt ^Oovl Sto? *O8vcro-ev5,
dXX* ert TTOV ^wo? Karcpv/cerat evpei
iv dfJLffripvTr), ^aXevrot Se //,w di
ol TTOV Keivov IpVKavoucr* de'/coi^ra.
200 aurd/3 vw rot ey&> jotarrev
dOdvaTQL /3dXXovo~t /cat a>? reXeeo~^at 6ta>,
ovre rt /xdVrt? ewi' ovr* oiwvwv o~ct^>a etSws.
ou rot ert Srjpov ye ^1X17? d?7o TrarptSos any?
eo~crerai, ovS' er vrep re o~tSrypea SeV/xar'
205 </>pdcro-erai, w /ce i/e'^rat, eVet Tro\v^ri^av 05 ICTTIV.
dXX' dye /xot rd8e etTre /cat drpe/ce'w? /cardXe^oi/,
O\>> / / > >/-v^ ^
et or) eg auroto roo~o? vrat? et? (Joucr^o?.
at^ai? ju,ev K(f)a\T]v re /cat o/Ajiiara /caXa. eot/ca?
Keus(o, eVet 0afj.d TOIOV e/xtayd/xe^' dXXryXotcrtt',
8 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
210 irpiv ye rov e<s Tpofyv avafirnievau, ev9a Trep dXXoi
'Apyeiwv ol dpio~Toi eftav /cotX^s eVt vi}V<riv
> *> C V > /~\ ** > > *<J * V > 5 >
e/c rou o OUT Ooucr^a eywi> toov our C/JL e/cew/os.
r^y 8* au Ti^Xe/xa^og ireTrvVjueVo? O.VTLOV
" roiyap eycu rot, ^elve, p.d)C drpeKeiw?
215 fJ<r)Tr)p fteV re />te ^<rt TOV e/x/Aei/at, avrap lya> ye
OVK oio ' ov ydp KM TL<S eov yovov ai)To<s aveyva).
a>s 8^ eyco y' o<f>e\ov /Aa/capos vv reu e/x/xevat
avepos, ov Kreareo~o~tv eoig CTTI yrjpas erer^ev.
vvv 8', 05 aTroT/xoTaros yevero fiviftSw av6 p(*)ir(i)v ,
220 rou //,' e/c ^ao~t yevecrOai, eirei a~u jae TOUT'
/ ' TW 8* aure irpofreenre 0ed, yXau/cwTTt? *
" ov fj.ev rot yeveijv ye Oeol vwvv^vov O7rtcro~co
OrJKav, eirel ere ye rotov eyeivaro
aXX* dye jaot roSe etTre /cat dryoe/ceiw?
225 Tts 8at9, Tt? 8e o/x,tXo? 08' eTrXero; TtVre Se'
elXatrCvrj ye yct/xos; eVel OUAC epavos rdSe y' ecnw.
a>g re /u,ot u/^pt^ovre? u7re/)^>tdXws 8o/couo~tv
Satvucr^at /card Sw/xa i>ejueo~o")yo~atTo /ce^ d^p
atcr^ea TroXX' opocav, 05 rt? TTLVVTOS ye ju,ere'X#oi."
230 r^ 8' au T^Xe/xa^o? TreTrvvpevos O.VTLOV i^uSa
is ~ >\* O\ / / >0>\ \\^
getz/ , CTret a/) 017 raura /x aveipeai rjbe /xeraXXa?,
y /xeV Trore ot/cos 08* d^vetos /cat
i, ofyp ert /cetfo? d^i)^ eVtS^/uos
8* erepo}<s e/36\ovTO Oeoi /ca/cd
235 ot kelvov p.ev O.KTTOV eTTOirjcrav irepl
dv0pa)7ra)v, enel ov /ce OCLVOVTL irep wS
ct /xerd ot? erdpoio'i SdjotTy Tpwwv eVt
, eVet Tr6\e^ov To\vTrevcrev
T(a Kev ot TV(jL/3ov fj.v e7rofy(Tav Hava^aLOi,
240 T^Se /ce /cat w 7rat8t /ieya /cXe'o? rjpasf o
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 9
vvv oe \i*w d/cXetoi? dpnvia.!. dvrj petyavro
oi^er' dtcrro? aTrucrro?, e/xot 8* 68was re yoov? re
K<i\\irfev. ovSe n Kelvov oSvyao/xei/os (rrevayli^a)
olov, erfei vv JJLOL dXXa #eot Ka/cd /cr^'Se* erev^av.
245 oo~o~ot yd^) vijcroio'Li' enLKpa.reovo~iv dptcrrot,
re Sda77 re /cat
ocrcrot Kpavarjv a^v Kara
r4p y t^v ^voivrai, Tpv^ovcrL 8e
TI 8' ovr' dyai/etrat (rrfyeyoo^ ya/xof cure
250 7Toi77<rai Su^arat rot 8e fyBwvdovcriv
OLKOV i^Lov ' ra^a 8r^ /xe Sta^patcrovcrt /cat avroi/."
TOI^ S' CTTaXacrTTyo'aora 7rpoa"r)v$a DaXXa? '
" a> TroTrot, 17 S^ TroXXoi' aTT
Sevr?, o /ce /M^crrTy/acrtv di/atSeVt ^etpa?
255 et ya^ &w> iKdwv SO/AOU ci/
/cat a"7rta /cat vo
roto? e'wi/, ofof ^tw* eya> TO, irpaira vojjcra
oiK(p v r)fj.6Tpq) TTIVOVTO. re repTro^evov re,
e 3 R<j)vp'rj<; aviovra. trap *IXou Mep/xept8ao
260 w^ero yct/o /cat /cetae ^0^5 CTTI ^1705 'OSvcrcrev?
<f)dpfjia.Kov av$po(j)6vov St^/xet'o?, 6<j>pa ot 07
tov? xpie<r6ai ^aX/CT^yoea? dXX* 6 />te^ ov ot
Sai/cei^, eTret yoa 0eovs vepea 't^ero atei/ edi^ra?,
dXXd TTCLTTJP ot Sw/cev e/xo? <^tXe'eo"/ce yctyo at^oi? *
265 roto? ea>i> fjivrja'TYipo'iv o/xtX^cretet' 'OSuo~o~eu5 *
Traces /c' a/cvjao/3ot re yevoia.ro Tri/cyooyaftot re.
dXX' ^ rot /x.et' ravra ^ewi' ei^ yovvacn /cetrat,
17 /cei' vocTTT/jcras aTrortcrerat, 176 /cat ov/ct,
oto*ti/ eVt fieydpoiorL ere 8e (frpd^ecrOai, civarya,
270 OTTTTW? /ce fun^OT^/oas d,7ra>creai e'/c fj.eya.poio.
el 8' d'ye i>w ^vviei /cat e*/xaif e//,7raeo
10 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
avptov et? dyoprjv /caXeVas rjpwas '
fj.v6ov 7re'<paSe iracn, deol 8* eTrtjuaprvpot ecrrcoi'.
fjLisrjo-Tfjpas JJLCV eVt cr^e'repa <TK$vacrOai avo)^0L,
275 fj.rjTpa. 8', et ot Bvpos e'<opjuarat ya//,e'ecr#at,
ai/f tret) e fi^yapcv irarpos /xeya 8wa/xeVoto *
ol .8e ydpov reu^oucrt /cat dprvveovcrLv ee8i>a
TroXXa /naV, ocro-a eot/ce ^>tX^5 eVt TratSo?
crot 8' at>T6> TTVKLVOX; VTroO^cro^ai, at /ce i
280 vij' apcra? epeTya'iv LKO<TLV, rf ri?
T Tt? rot etTT^crt poTMV ocrcrat'
e/c Aids, ^ re /xaXtcrra <j>epi AcXeb? d.v6p^Troicriv.
TrpuTa p.ev e? ITvXot' eX$e /cat etyoeo Necrropa 8tov,
285 KeWev Se ^TrdpT'qv^e Trapd av6ov
o? yap Sevraros rf\0ev 'A^atw
et /xeV /cev Trarpos fiiorov /cat vdcrro^
r^ r' a^ Tpv^dyutevd? TTC/) ert rXatTys
el 8e Ke re^^wro? aKovcrrjs ^178' er' edi/ro?,
290 ^ocrn^cra? 8^ eTretra (f)L\7)v e? TrarptSa yarai/
errand re ot ^evat /cat eVt /crepea /crepe't^at
TToXXa /xaX', ocrcra eot/ce, /cat aVe'pt /xryrepa 8owat.
avrdp t7rr)v 8r) ravra reXeur^cr^? re /cat
<f>pd,crQa.L 81^ eTretra /cara <peVa /cat /cara
295 O7T7T&J5 /ce p,vr)(TTrjpa<; tvl /xeyapotcrt reotcrti>
KT6Lvr)<; r)e 8dXa> ^ a.jiK^aSoz' ouSe rt ere
^TTtaa? o^eetv, erret ou/cert r^Xt/cos eVcrt.
-^ ou/c diet?, ofoz/ /cXe'o? eXXa/3e 8109 '
TrdVra? evr* dvQpatnovs, eVet e/crai^e
300 AlyurOov SoXd/x,^rt^, o ot irarepa K\VTOV e/cra;
/cat crv, ^>tXo9, /xctXa yap cr* opdw /caXdf re /xeyav re,
aX/ctjU,o5 ecrcr', t^a rt? ere /cat 6i//ty6Va>y e'v
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 11
avrdp lyaiv eVt vfja 0or)v /careXevo~o/xat
7)8* erdpovs, ot TTOV /xe yu,dX cxcr^aXowcrt
305 crot 8' avrw /LteXerw, /cat e/xw^ e/A7rdeo jJLV0a)v."
T7)v 8' au T^Xe/xa^o? TreTTViyxeVos avriov
" ^1^', i^ rot /xe&> ravra ^>tXa fypovewv a
a><S re iraTrjp (o TraiSt, /cat ov TTOTC Xi^crojLiat
aXX' dye vw eTTt/xetvot' CTretyo/ze^d? Trep oSoto,
310 o<f>pa. Xoecrcra/xevd? re rerapTrdjaet'd? re <j>i\ov
, fjioiXa KO\OV, o rot Kti/JujXiov ecrrat
e'^- e/xev, ola ^t'Xot ^etfot ^eivoicri StSovcrif.
rot' 8* T^et/^er' eTreira ^ea, yXav/cwTTts *
315 " /xry /A* en w^ /carepv/ce XtXatd/xet'di' Trep oSoto.
8', orrt /ce /xot Sov^at <frl\ov rjrop dvatyy,
avrt?
/cat /xciXa Kakov tXaiv (rot 8' OL^LOV ecrrat d
rj fjiev dp' 0)9 etTTOucr' aTre/?^ yXau/cwTTt? '
320 opvts 8' a>s aVoTrata SteVraro rw 8' eV t
^^/ce /xe^o? /cat Bdpcros, uTrejuvrycreV re' e
/u,a,XXoi> er* T) ro irdpoiOev. 6 Se <^pecrt^ ^crt
Odnp-irjcrtv /caret Ov^ov otcraro yap #eoz/ et^at.
avrt/ca Se juz^crr^pas eVw^ero tcrd^eo? <^)<y9.
325 rotcrt 8' dotSo? detSe Trept/cXurd?, ot 8e
etar' d/covo^res* 6 8' 'A^atwz/ z^dcrroy detSev
\vypov, ov IK Tpot^? eVeretXaro TlaXXas '
TOV 8' inrepauoOev <j>pecrl crvvdtTO O(TTTLV d
Kovprj 'I/captoto ireptypaiv n^veXoTreta
330 /cXt]aa/ca 8' vr/nyX^ /careySifcrero oto Sd/xoto,
ov/c otT^, d/xa r>J ye /cat dju,<t7roXot Su'
17 8' ore Sr) /x^crr^pa? d<^t/cero Sta
pa Trapd (Tra-d^ov reyeo? TTVKOL
12 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
Trapeidutv o~xoju,eVi7 Xiirapa K
335 dfjL<f>L7ro\o<; 8* apa ol /ceS^r) e/cdrep$e TrapecrTrj.
Sa/cpvcrao-a 8' eTretra TT/aoo-^vSa Oetov dotSoV
" <3>>7)aie, TroXXct yap dXXa fipoT&v 6e\KTTJpt,a olSas,
epy' dv&ptov re $60^ re, ret re /cXetouo'ii' ctotSot-
TO>V li' ye o"^w aetSe Trapryyaei^o?, ot 8e
340 ol^ot' TTivovTcov ' ravn;? S* ctTTOTraue' aotS^g
hvyprjs, TI re JJLOL aiev eVt o-TTJOecrcn <f)iXov
ret/oet, eVet //, /AaXiara KaO'iKero irevOos aXacrroi'.
rovqv yap K<f)a\r)v TroOeo) fjL6fjn>rj/j.e^rj alei,
dv8po<s, TOV /cXeo? evjou /ca^' 'EXXctSa /cai [j-ecrov
345 rr)z/ S' au T^Xejaa^o? TreTrvv/xevo? OVT'IOV
Ti r apa. <])6oveei<; epirjpov aoi&ov
OTTTTT^ ot I'oos opwrai; ov vv T dotSot
atrtot, dXXct Tro^t Zeug atrto?, 05 re StSwcrt^
dvSpacrtv clX^crr^crt^, OTTW? e^e'X^crtv, e/cctcrra>.
N 350 rovra> 8' ov ^e]u,ecrt5 kavaiov KaKov oirov
r?7i> yap dotS^v /uaXXov eTTt/cXetovcr'
rj rt? d/couwreo"O"t j'ecordr^ ct/^tTreX^rcu.
crot 8' e7rtroX/xctr&> /cyoaSt/ry /cat #v/x6s d/covetv
ov yap 'O8vo"crev? oto? d7rcejXeo~e ^ocrrt/xov
355 ez^ Tpouy, TroXXot Se /cat d'XXot ^aire? o\ovro.
dXX' ets ot/coi^ tovcra ra o~' avrry? e/aya /co/At^e,
i&TOV T r)\aKa.Tr)V re, /cat d/x<^>t7roXoto"t Ke'Xeve
pyov eTrot^eo-^at /xv^o? 8' dVSpecro-t yaeX^o'et
Tj-dcrt, /xdXtcrra 8' e/xot rov yet/) /cpctrog ecrr' ew ot/cw.''
360 17 /xef ^a/x/Sifo-acra TrccXtv ot/covSe
TratSo? yap pvOov Tre.Trvvn.4vov evOero
e'? 8' vTrepw' avaftaa-a <rvv a^LTTokoicri yvvai^lv
K\alev eVetr' 'OSvo"^a <f)i\ov TTOVLV, ofypa ot VTTVOV
178 w em y8Xe<apotcrt /8<xXe yXav/ccvTrt?
PENELOPE (long so-called).
(Vatican, Rome.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA5 A. 13
365 fjLvrja-rrjpes 8* 6/xaS^crav d^d tte'ya/Da cr/adez/ra,
Trdvres 8' rjpija-avTO Trapal Xe^eecrcrt K\i0rjvai.
Totcrt 8e T^\e/x,a^og TreTn'v/xeVo"? rip^ero
v vw
370 eoroj, cVet roSe KO.\OV d/cove/xev ecrrtv dotSor)
5> T <^> s / /) * j \ / j
rotouo , oto? oo ecrrt, c/eot? e^aAty/cto? av
8* dyoprpSe
, t^' v/xtv \jJvftov
fjieyo.pu>v dXXa? 8' dXey were Satras
375 v/xa /crif/xar' eSovre? ciju,ei/3o/xez'oi Kara OLKOVS.
et 8' v/ui' 8o/cet roSe Xajirepov /cat a^ieu/of
d^Spo? ei/o? yStorof vrfTroivov oXe
e'yw 8e Oeovs eVty8a>cro/xat atei^
a* /ce' Tro^t Zev? 8wcrt TraXtWira epya yevecr^at
380 vr)TiQ(voi Kev e?retra 8d/zwv ZvrocrOev oXor$e."
ws e(f)aO t , ol 8' dpa Trdz/re? 68a^ ei^ ^etXecrt <
Ti^Xe/xa^o^ 6av^.a^ov, 6 6apo~a\0)<; dyopevev.
TOV 8' avr' 'Ai^rti'oo? irpocrcifrr), 'EuTrei^eo? vto's *
" Tr)\ep.a^, y /xctXa 817 ere StSacr/covcrtr ^eol avroi
385 tyayoprji' r* e/xevat /cat ^apcraXe'w? dyopeuetv
/XT) ere' y' eV dja^taXw 'I^d/ci^ ySacrtX^a Kpovicov
TTOtr^cretei/, o rot ytvefj vrarpwtw eVrtv."
rot* 8' av Tr]\[j.a^o<; TreTrvvfjievo? O.VTLOV
" 'Ai/rtVo', -^ /cat ^tot i^e/xecrTycreat, orrt /cei'
390 /cat /ce^ rour* e#eXcu/u Aid? ye 8t8d^ro? apecrOai.
3) (^7)5 rovro /cd/ctcrrov et' avOpwTroicri rerv^^at;
ov /xei/ yap rt KOLKOV ftacnXevefj.^ ati//d re ot 8ai
afyveiov TreXerat /cat Tt/x^ecrrepos avrd?.
dXX* ^ rot ySacrtX^e? 'A^atw^ etcrt /cat dXXot
395 TroXXot ez/ ducitdXft. 'I #01/07, ^ ot ^^ TraXatot,
14 HOMER'S ODYSSEY I.
KV Tts rdS' e^rjcnv, eVet ddve 8to<? 'OSucro~eus
aura/a lyiiiv OLKOLO dva. eo~o/x' T^/xerepoto
/cat S/xwtoz', ous /xot \rjLcrcra.TO 8to? 'OSucrcreus."
roy 8* aur* Eupu)xaxos IIoXu/3ou- Trdts O.VTLOV T^vSa
400 " T^Xe/xax', ^ rot raura ^ewi^ eV yowacrt /ceirai,
05 Tts ei^ d/x^)taXa) 'l^a/aj ^acriXevcret 'A^atwy
Krr^/xara S' auros e^otg /<at Sw/xacrtv otcri^ d^acrcrots.
> \ "**\/3 J/ * ' /
fir) yap o y eXc/ot avrjp, 09 TI? cr ae/covra
Knjfiar' arroppai(TL, 'l^ctAcr;? ert
405 dXX* e'^eXcu ere, <f)picrT, Trcpl
v oSro? d^T/p Troths 8' e^ eu^erat
TTOV 8e i>v ot yez^e^ /cat Trarptg apovpa;
^e rtv* dyye\L7)i> Trar/oo? (^epet ep^o/xe^oto,
^ eo^ avrov ^peio? eeXSd/xe^o? rc>8' t/cd^et;
410 ofcm avat^as a<f>ap ot^erat, ov8' vTre^ivev
yv(i)^f.vciL' ov /xev yap TI /caicw et? a>7ra
TCH> 8' au TTyXejaa^og TT^Trvv^evo^ O.VTLOV
" Evpv/xa^', 17 rot ydcrro? aTrajXero Trarpo? e/xoto
OUT' ouf dyyeXtty? ert Trei^o/xat, et TroOev eX^ot,
415 oure OeoTrpOTrirjs e'/x77a^o/xat, 17^ ru/a l^TJrrjp
e? fjityapov /caXeo~acra OeoTrpoirov e'^epe^rat.
^etj/o? 8* ouros e/xo<? Trarpwtos e/c Td^ou ecrrtV,
MeVn7<? 8* 'Ay^tdXoto Sat^pot'o? eu^erat eli^at
utd?, drdp Ta^)toto~t ^>tX^per/xotcrtv dvdcrcrei."
420 &>? ^>dro TTyXe/xa^o?, <pecrt 8' dOavdr^v Oeov ey^ai.
ot 8* et? op^crrw re /cat t/xepdeo~cra^ dotS-^i/
rpe^d/xei'ot repTroi/ro, pivov 8' eVt ecrrrepov \6elv.
roto"t 8e rep7ro/xe^oto~t /xeXas eVt
8^ rdre /ca/c/ceto^re? e/3ap ot/cwSc e/cacrro?.
425 T^Xe/xa^o? 8', o^t ot ^dXa/xo? Trept/caXXeo?
o? 8e8/xi7ro Treptcr/ceTrrw eVt
OMHPOY OAY22EIA5 A. 15
cv0' efirj et? evvyv TroXXa <f>pecrl
<* 0> W W 9 J/) / * J ' $ \ >S
TO) o ap a/x, att/o/zevas oatoas <pepe /ceoi>a touia
Evpu/cXet', 'HTTO? 9vya.rirjp ITetcr^i/opiSao,
430 rip TTore Aaepr^? Trpiaro Krearecrcru> e
irp(o0TJ/3rji> er* eovcrav, eetKocrct^8ota S' e
T(ra 8e /uf KeSvfj dXo^w rtf e^ ^eydpo
euvfi 8* 01; TTOT* ep-iKTO, ^dXoi/ 8* aXcet^e
17 ot a/x' aWopevas 8at8a9 </>pe, Kat
435 S/>iwaco^ <f)i\earK, /cat Tpe<f> TVT@OV eovra.
(!)iev 8e 0vpa<s OaXdfjiov TTVKCL iroirjToio,
ei^ero 8' c^ Xe/cjyxy, fj.a.Xa.Koi' 8' e/c8v^e
/cat rov /xei/ yyoairy? 7ru:tja'^8eo9 p.j3a\
f) pels rov TTTv^acra Kal afTK^cracra
440 7racr<TaX<u a,y/cpe/xa(racra Tr
/3^ yo' t/xev e/c #aXa/xoio, Ovprjv 8* eTrepvcro-e
apyvper), em 8e /cXi^tS' Irdwcro-ev ipoiVTi.
V0' o ye iravvv^io^, /ce/caXv/x/xevo? 0165 awrw.
ySovXeue (frpecrlv TJCTW 68w,
OMHPOT OAT22EIA2 B.
yopct.
T H/xo? 8* iJptyeVeta (f>dv7) poSoSa/crvXog '
wpwr dp e' evvfj<f>Lv 'OSva-crrJos (i'Xos vto?
et/Aara <rcra/xevo9, Trept Se i'</>os 6
TTOO-O-! S' UTTO \nra.poi(TLv eS^craTO /caXa TreStXa,
5 y8rj S' i/xev e/c #aXa/xoio ^ew evaXty/cto?
al\l)a Se KirjpvKeo'cri Xtyv<^^dyyotcrt /ceXeucrei/
KTrjpvcr(ru> dyopiffSe /ca/)^ Ko/xocu^ra
ot //,; cKTJpvcrcrov, rot S' ^yetpotro //.aX
avrap evret yo* riyepOtv o/x^yepee? re
10 j8r) yo' t/xet' et? dyoprfv, TraXa/x^ 8' e>(e ya\K.ov
OVK otbs, a/xa TW ye Sua> /ewe? dpyot ITTOVTO.
6cnTea-i.rjv S' apa TW ye ^apiv Kare'^evev
TOV 8' apa Trct^re? Xaol eTrep^o/xe^oi/ Orjevvro.
eeTo 8* eV irarpo? OCOKO), elav 8e yepo^re?.
15 rot(rt 8* eVet^' T7pa>5 AtyvTrrtos ^PX* dyopevew
05 8^ yTJpa'C KV(f>os eyv KOL fjivpia JJ&v}-
\ \ "J'\ v <X /)/ /~v ^
/cat yap rov <piAos vto? a^t a^rtc/ea) (Jovcrrji
"l\iov et? evTruXov 1)817 KoiXys eVt vyva-'iv,
"Avri(f>o<; atx^Tifs TOI> 8' ayptos e/crai^e
20 eV cTTT^t yXa^upw, Trv^iarov 8* cuTrXticrcraTO
rpet? 8e ot aXXot ecrav, /cat 6 /uei/ fj.vrj(Trrlpaiv 6
Evpwo/ao?, 8uo 8* ateV exo^ Trarpwta epya
J\\ ^>? ^\ '/I S ' V >
aXX ovo &;? TOV XyjueT oovpo/xevo? /cat a
roi) o ye Sa/cpv x e/ajl/ ayop^aaro /cat
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 B. 17
25 " KK\VT ST) VVV [JLV, 'iQaKTJCTlOL, OTTL KV LTT(t).
oure TToQ* r)fj.Tep7) dyopr) yeVer' cure OOUKOS,
e ov *OSuo-o-ev9 8109 f/Brj KotXrys eVt vyv&iv.
vvv Se TI'S w8* TjyeLpe; riva
r) vcov dvSpwv ^ ot
30 176 nv dyyeXfyv a-rparov e/cAve*>
*l v X ^IV-w o~d(f)a. eiTTOL, ore Trporepo? ye
r\i n S^fj-Lov aXXo m^xxvcr/cerat ^8' dyopevet;
ecr^Xo? /xot So/ce? eii^at, ov^^evo^. eWe ot avra>
Zev? a.ya.6ov reXecrete^, ort fypecrlv YJCTL jaevotva.
35 w? (ftdro, \o-1p. 8e <j>n]fi<1) 'OSfcrcriJo? (1X05
ov8' ay3* ert Sr)v ^oro, fiVOurq<rQ> 8' dyopevew
r Se /AeV^ dyopf) (TK^TTTpov Se ot
eVetTa yepovTa /ca^aTrro/xe^o?
40 " a) yepov, ov^ e/ca? ovro? dvijp, ra^a 8' etcreai avro?,
65 Xaov yyeipa /xaXtcrTa Se' /x* dXyo? t/cai/et.
ovre rtz^' dyyeXfyv crrparov e/cXvoi/ e'^o/xei/oto,
17^ ^' v/xtt' crd<f>a etTrcu, ore irpoTepos ye TrvBoi^riv,
ovre rt Sr^'/xto^ aXXo TTi^avcr/co/xai ov8' dyopevco,
45 dXX* e^xoi/ aurou ^peto?, o /xot /ca/ca e/x7recrev or/cw
8/ v \ / > > /J\ N>/\ a >je
ota TO /xev Trarep zcruhov a7rwAeo"a, o? TTOT ei/ tyxw
Toto"8eo"O"t^ /8ao~tXeve, Trar^p 8' a><? ^TTto? ^ev
^W 8' <Il> Kttt TToXv fJiL^OV, O &7) TCt^tt OLKOV OLTTOLVTa.
Trdy^v Stappatcret, fBCorov 8* O-TTO rrdfjLTrav 6Xe r cro"et.
50 /xT^re'pt /xot /x^crr'^pe? eTre^paov OVK efleXovcrr),
" ^ J/\ T A 1 /] /O >>\
TW^ OLVopw 0tXot vie?, ot evuaoe y eto~tz/ apto^rot,
ot Trarpo? /xei^ e? ot/cot' a7repptyao-t veecrffai
'l/captov, w? K* avro? e'eSvojo~atro dvyarpa,
80117 8', a> /c' eOeXoi /cat ot Ke^apto-/xeVo?
55 ot 8' ts ^tteVepoi/ 77ajXev/xe^ot i^/xara iravra,
18 HOMER'S ODYSSEY 11.
fiovs tepeuovres /cat 015 /cat iriovas atya?
eiXa77tvdovcra> irivovcrl re aiBoTra oivov
Ltai//tSt'a)<? TO, Se 77oXXa /caraVerat. ou yap eV' avtjp,
0109 'OSwcrcreug eo-/cei>, dprjv dirb OLKOV d/xwat.
60 i7/xets 8' ov i>v rt rotot ayAwe)u.> -^ /cat eTretra
XevyaXeot T* eVd/iecr^a /cat ou SeSa^/cores
^ r* ay OfJLWtdfjUjir, et /xot Svt'a^tt? ye napeirj.
ov yap ZT dvo-^erd epya rereu^arat, ovS' ert
ot/co? e/xos StoXwXe. vp<r<ny&QT /cat aurot,
65 aXXov? r' at'SeV^re 776/0 t/crtoz/a 1 ?
ot Tre/atvateraovcrt ^eaiz/ S' vTroSetcrare
fjLtj rt /xeTacrrpei/;a)<jt^ dyacrcrajaevot /ca/ca epya.
Xtcrcrojuat ^jaeV Z^^o? 'OXv/x?7tov ^8e e)a terras,
^ T* dv&pwv dyopa? ^e^ Xi/et T^Se KaOit^i
70 cr^ecrOe, <^>t'Xot, /cat /a' otoz^ edcrare TrevQei Xvypco
et /XT; TTOU rt Trarrjp e'/ao? eV#Xo<?
/cct/c' epe^ev eW^
' aTTOTtw/xe^ot /ca/ca pe'^ere
TOVTOV9 OTpVVQVTtS. GfJLol Se /C Ktp^SLOV eiYj
75 v/xe'as <T0ft0ffU /cet/xifXtd re irpofBacriv re.
et ^' v/xets ye <dyoire, Ta^' ai^ TTOTC /cat rtcrt?
T0(j)pa yap av Kara acrrv 7rort7rrvcrcrot)u,e^a
XprfpaT aTratrt^o^res, ea)9 /c* 0,776 Trdvra
vvv Se ^tot d7rpif]KTov<5 oSwa? e/x/3aXXere
80 w? <j)a.To ^6jd/ivo?, 77ort 8e (TKYJirrpov /3dXe
SaKpv dvanpyjcras ot/cros 8' eXe Xaoz^ diravra.
<ivd dXXot tte> 77dfre9 d/c7)f ccrav, ov8e' rts 7X97
'Ai/rtvoo? Se /xtv otos ditet^So/xet'o? vpoo"e&,Vif
85 " T^Xe/xa^' tyayopr), tteVo? acr^ere, Trotoz^ eet77es
17/xe'a? alcr\vva)v e'^e'Xot? 8e' /ce
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 B. 19
erol 8' ov TL fju>r)0"rr)pes 'A^atwr atrtot elcnv,
dXXd <tX>7 fJLiJTTfjp, 77 rot Trepi /cepSea otSef.
17877 yap rpirov ICTTLV era?, rd^a 8' eto-t
90 e' ov dre)a/3et dvyiov eVt (rTTJOecro'iv 'A^atwf.
Trdiras /u,eV p' eXvret /cat vTTtV^erat di'Spt e/cacrrw
dyyeXia? vpoiewra, vdo? 8e ot aXXa
17 8e SdXov roVS' aXXof e^t ^>peo"t
o~T77o~a/j.eV)7 jjicyav icrTov eVt ^eyapoicriv v<j>a.ivev,
95 XeTTTW /cat irepi^erpov a(j>ap 8' i^/xti' /Aereeivrfi'
' KovpoL efjiol [AvrjO'Tfjpes, eVet ^ci^e Sto? 'OSua'o~ev?,
/xt/u-i/er' eTretyd/xe^ot rov e/xoi' ydfjLov, eis o /ce <f>apos
e/creXecro;, ^77 /xot /xer
AaeprTj T7/3wt ra^ifto^, ets ore
100 /xot/a' 6X0^ Ka0e\r)a-L rai^Xeyeos ^avaroto,
/xr; rt9 /xot Kara S^/xot' 'A^attdSca^ venecntjoj),
at /cei^ drep crvretpou /c^rat TroXXa /creartcro-a?.'
** ^* ^>5
iv o avr
eva /cat
105 w/cra? 8' dXXvo~/c^, eTret 8atSa? Trapadelro.
ai? rptere? /xei' e\rf6e SdXw /cat
dXX* ore Ttrparov rjXOtv ero? /cat injXv0ov
/cat Tore 817 rt? eetTre yvvaiKwv, f) crd^>a 17877,
/cat r^v y' dXXvoucrai/ e<^upojaei> dyXao^ ICTTOV.
110 a)s ro /u.eV e'^ereXecro-e /cat ou/c e^eXouo-', UTT' a
crol 8' oiSe ju^o-r^peg viroKpivovrai, Iv 1877?
auro? o~w 6vfjLO>, etSaicrt 8e Trdvres
firjTepa crr^v aTroirefujJoi', dva))^0i 8e'
rw, drew re Trarrjp /ceXerat /cat dz/Sdz^et avrfj.
115 et 8* er' avi^crei ye TTO\VV \povov vta? '
rd fypoveovcr* OLVO. 0Vfj.6v, o ol Trepi Sw/cei^ '
epya r eVto-rao-^at Trept/caXXe'a /cat <j)peva<s
20 HOMER'S ODYSSEY II.
/$//) r * / >> / ^
/cepoea v , ot ov TTCD nv a/covo/xev ovoe
rdaw, at Trapo? rjcrav e'vTrXo/ca/xtSes '
120 Tupw r' 'AXKfjL-rjvr) re evo-re'<ai>o9 re
Tawi> ov rts opola voTy/xara IT^z/
37817 drap /xeV rovro y' ivo.i(ji^.Qv OVK
To<f>pa yap ovi^ fiiorov re Teoz> /cat
o</>a /ce KtK>y TOVTOI^ 6^17 voov, ov nvd ot rvi/
125 iv crTTJBecro-L rt^eto-t ^eot- /xeya yu,ev K\eos avr-fj
TTOtetr', avrap crot ye iro9r)v TroXe'o? yStoroto.
rjfjiels 8* OVT* eVt epya ndpog y i^ev ovre TTTJ d\\r),
irpiv y* avrrjv yTJ/JLacrOaL 'A^atw
rot' 8* av T^Xe/xa^o? ireTT^VjaeVo? dvriov
130 " 'Ai'Tii'o', ou Trojg ecrrt 8o/xw^ deKovcrav avrwcrat,
v > <r v/i , \ o> i \ \ \ /)
17 /u, ere^ , 17 ^t ec7pei//e Trarrjp o e/.io? aAAoc7t ya
^cjet o y* -^ T0vr)K KO.KOV 8e /xe TrdXX'
'1/captw, at K* avro? e/cwi' a,7ro /x^repa 7re/>n/;
e* yap rov irarpo? /ca/ca Treuro/xat, aXXa Se
135 Swcrei, eVet fJiTJTrjp o-rvycpa? dp^o-er* epiwg
ot/cov a7rep^op,eVi7 ve/xecrts Se /xot e^ dvOparrrcov
eo~crerat cD? ov rovroi/ eyw Trore pvOov evtyco.
V[JiT6pO<5 8' et /Xf 0VfJLOS VfJ.(TL^Ta.L O.VTO)V,
e^tre /xot yaeyapw^, aXXa? 8' dXeyvVere 8atras
140 ujLta /crrf/xar' eSo^re? d/jteiySo/xei/ot Kara ot/cou?.
et 8* u/uz; 8o/ceet ro8e Xwtrepoi' /cat
enfievai, dv$po$ ei^o? PLOTOV V^TTOLVOV o
/cetper* e'ya> Se ^eov? eVty8wo-op,at atei^ e'oWa?,
at /ce Tro^t Zev? S<po~t TraXtWtra epya yei^eV^at
145 vriTTOivoi Kev eTretra So/xw^ evrocrOev oXotcr^e."
aJ5 <^>CITO TTyXe/xa^o?, rai 8' atera) evpvorra
vijjoOev IK Kopv<f>f)<; opeo? Trpoe^/ce TrerecrOai.
Ta> 8' ew? /xeV p' eVerovro /xera TTVOITJS di^e/xoto
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 B. 21
rtrau>o/xea> TTTepvyeor<riv
150 dXX' ore Sr) fjicro"r)v dyoprjv
eV$' eVtSu/77$eVre Tivadcr6r)i> Trrepd TTVKVOL,
e<s 8' i$enr)v TTOLVTCDV /ce<aXd<?, OGCTOVTO 8'
Spui//a/xeW 8' o^v^ecrcrt Trapetds d/x<t T Setpds
8t- ^ * t- o/>/ \ /\ >
egtw fjigav oia r oijaa /cat TTO\IV avrw.
155 0d^/3r)a-av 8* opviOas, eVet tSov 6<j)0a\fjLola-LV
cjpjjLiqvav S' dva 6vfj.6i>, a irep reXeecr^at e/xeXXoi/.
rotcrt 8e /cat /xereetTre yepwv rjpais 'AXt^epcr^?
MaCTTOptSi^? 6 ya/3 oto? 6/xT^Xt/ct^v e/ce/cacrro
opvi6a.<s yvtovai KOI eVatcrt/aa ^tu^ryc
160 o (r^)t</ eu <f>pov(ov ayopTJa-aro /cat
" /ce/cXvre 8^ ^uf /w-eu, 'I^a/cT^crtoi, orrt /cev
8e yuaXtcrra 7rt^>avcr/co/x^o? raSe
yap /xeya vnj/xa /cvXtVSerat ou yap '
CLTrdfevBe ^tXcuv wj/ eVcreTai, dXXa TTOU
165 e'yyu? e'w^ rotcrSecrcrt <$>6vov /cat /c>Jpa <f>vT6Vi
irdvTecrcriv TroXecnv 8e /cat aXXotcrtt' KO.KOV ecrrat,
ot ^ep,o/Aecr#' 'I^d/c^z/ ewSeteXof. dXXa TroXv Trptv
<f>pa. > a>iJL(T0 y , <o? /cei/ /cara7ravcro/iei> ot Se /cat avrot
7rave(rd(t)v /cat yap o~<ti> a<^ap roSe Xwtoi^ i<rrw.
170 ou yap aTretpiyro? /aavrevo/xat, dXX' e'u etScu?
/cat yap /cetVw <j)r)[j.l reXevr^^^at dnavra,
a5 ot e^vOeo^riv, ore "iXtoi/
'Apyetot, jLtera 8e' cr^>tz/ e/fy
^>^i/ /ca/ca TToXXa TTaOovr, oXeVavr' aTro Trd^rag eratpov?
175 dyvwcTTOv iroiVTecra'w eet/coo"rw eVtavrw
* ?' >\ ' /D \^\o\^ / \" "
oi/cao eXetcreo~t7at ra oe OT) vv^ Trai^ra reXetrat.
rot' 8' avr* Eupu/xa^o? IToXvySov Trctt? O.VTLOV
" at yepov, et 8' dye ^w p-avreveo o-oto-t '
ot/ca8' ta^, ^17 TTOV rt KOLKOV 7rcur)(&>cru>
22 HOMER'S ODYSSEY II.
180 TO.VTCL 8* eya) o~e'o iroXXbv d^
opviBes Se' re TroXXot UTT* avya<? r}eXtoto
<f>oLTO)(r' , ov8e re TraVreg eVato~tjaot aura/3 'OSuo~o~evs
a>Xero rrJX', a>5 /cat cru /cara<$tcr#at crvv e/ceu'w
&><eXe9 ou/c av rocra'a OeoTrpoireuv dyopeves,
185 ovSe /ce TrjXefJLGiXpv /ce^oXa>jU.eVo^ a>8
cra> ouca> Swpov irortSey/xe^o?, at /ce
aXX* K: rot epeo), TO Se /cat rereXea'/xeVoi' eorat
at /ce veatTtpov civSpa TraXatct re TroXXa re etSws
7rap<j)dp,evo<; eireecrcriv l-rroTpvi'rjs ^aXeTrau/etr,
190 avrw /xeV ot Trpwrov avnrj pea-re pov ecrrat,
[7T/3^at S* e/x 77175 ov rt Swrycrerat etve/ca rait'Se ]
v^/ / /!l^ >/5' v >^/) **
<rot oe, yepov, uayf^v Triui](To^ev, i]v K evi uv^o)
^a\eTrov 8e rot eo~o~erat aXyo?.
8' ef ira-criv eyaiv v7rodin(Top,a.L avro?
195 fJLtfrepa r}v e<s 7rar/3o? avwyero
ot Se ydp.ov rev^ovcn /cat apTweovcriv
TroXXa yu,dX', ocrcra eot/ce <f)L\7)<s etrl TratSo?
ov yayo Trpit' 7ravo~ecr^at oto/xat via? '
fjLvr)(TTvo<; dpyaXerjs, eVet ou rwa Set8t/xez/
200 our* ow TrjXejjia^ov jaaXa Trep TroXv^vBov eovra,
ovre OeoirpOTrfys efMTra^ofjied' , ty cru, yepcue,
fLv0eai aKpaavTov, d.7re^0dveaL 8* ert fjLaXXov.
XpTjfjLaTa 8' avre /ca/c<S? /3ey8yowcrerat, ovSe' Tror* To~a
eo~o"erat, o<f)pa Kev rf ye Bia.Tptftyi<rw 'A^atous
205 6 1' ydfjiov r)p,els 8' au 7rort8ey^te^ot i^/xara rravra
elveKa r^? d/aeriys epi^aivo^ev, ovSe /xer' aXXa?
' a? eVtet/ce? OTrvte/xe^ ea-rlv e/cdcrra>."
8* av Ti^XeJLta^o? TreTrvv{Jiei'o<s dvriov 7yu8a
T^8e /cat aXXot, oo~ot p.vir)(TTfjpe<; dyavot,
210 raura /xei/ ou^ v/xe'a? ert Xioxrtyuu ov8' dyopeva)
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 B. 23
77877 yap ra tcrao~t #eot /cat TrdVre? A^atot.
dXA.' aye /xot Sore vrja Oorjv /cat et/cocr' erat/oovs,
ot /ce' jitot eV0a Kal v0a StaTT^cn
el/jii yap e? ^rrapriqi' re Kal e's IIvXoi> 'rj
215 z'oo-roz' Treuo-o/xez^o? vrarpog 8r)^ ot^o/xeVoto,
^ rt? /xot LTTr)cn ySyoorwt' 7^ ocrcrav OLKOVCTO)
e/c Ato5, 17 re /xaXtcrra <^>epet /cXeo? OL
ei /u,eV /cei' irarpos fiiorov /cat VOCTTOV a/coucra),
^ r' az^ Tpv^6/JLev6<s Trep ert rXat^i/
220 et Se /ce Te0vr)a)To<; a/covcrw /^^S' er*
^ocrrryVa? 8^ eTretra (^tX-^i/ e? TrarptSa
a"rj(Jid re ot ^evw /cat evrt /crepea /crepet^w
TroXXa /xaX*, ocrcra eot/ce, /cat avepi p,r)Tpa Swcrw."
7. <?^< >\ >W)</y O>/
17 rot o y faj? etTTOJi/ /car ap e^ero, rotcrt o ave
225 MeVrco/3, 05 p' 'O8vo"^o5 afj.vfJLovo<; rfev erat/oo?,
/cat ot twi> ev vrjvcrli> eeTpeirev OLKOV
t re yejpovn /cat e/x7re8a TrdVra <vXdo-o-eti>
o (T(f)LV e'v fypoveaiv dyoprja'aTO /cat /xere'etTrez'
" /ce'/cXvre 877 vvV tiev, 'WaKijcrLOL, orrt /cet>
230 /X77' rt? ert Trp6^>pa)v dyai'o? /cat 7777^05 ecrra)
o"/c777rro7}^o5 ySacrtXev? /jirjot (f>pecrlv ato~t/xa
dXX* atet ^aXeTros r' e^ Kat ato~iXa peS^oi
a>5 ov rt? fjifjLvr)TaL 'OSvo~o"77o? Otioio
\awv, oicTLV avacrcre, TTO.TTIP o &><? TI
fr '
235 dXX' 77 rot /x^crrT^pa? dy^Vopa? ov rt /xeyatpw
epSetv epya yStata KaKoppafftiycn, i^ooto
cr^xx? ydp 7rap0jjLei>oi, /cec^aXd? /careSovo~t
ot/cof 'O8i;o~o~77o?, rw 8' ov/cert <ao~t veec
vui' 8* dXXw S^/XGJ ve/xeo~t'^o/zat, otov
240 770"^' dVeto, drd/3 ov rt /ca^aTrro/xevot eVe'ecro-t
Trauyoov? /JLi>r}GrTrjpa<; /caraTravere TroXXot e'oWe5."
24 HOMEK'S ODYSSEY 11.
TOV 8' 'Evrpopt'Siys Aeteo/cpiro? avriov
" MeVrop draprqpe', (peVas i^Xee', TTOIO^
i^/xea? orpvvdw /cara-Trave/xei' dpyaXeW Se
245 cU'Spdcrt /cat 7rXe6Veo'o~t fJia^cracrdaL Trepl Sam.
et ?rep yap /c' 'OSucrev? 'I^a/ojcrios auto? eVeX^wv
Kara Sai/xa eov /x^or^^a? dyavov?
/xeyapoto /x evoivr) crei tvl Sv^a*,
ov Kv ol K)(dpoiTO yvvv] p,d\a Trep ^areovcra
250 IXdovT*, dXXa /cei' avrov det/cea troTpov eVtcrTrot,
et TrXewecrcrt /aa^otro crv 8' ov Kara (jLolpav eet775.
>\\>V \ \ \ /CV /) > N V V
aXX aye, Aaot /xev (TKLOvacru CTU epya e/cacrrog,
rouro) S* 6rpvvL MevTcop 680^ ^8' 'AXt^epcr^g,
ot T ot e^" dp^5 Trarpcutot etcrtv eratpot.
255 dXX* 6ta>, /cat 817^0, /ca^'/xe^og dyyeXtdw^
/ >T/3 r \ ' ?' ? v v
TT-eucrerat etv WaKrj, reXeet o oooi> ou Trore
0)5 ap* e<f>o)vr)O'i', Xverev 8' dyoprjv atyrjprjv.
ol pv ap' eV/ctSi'avro ea 7rpo ,Saj/xa^' e/caoro?,
HvrjcTTTJpes 8* e? Sw/Aar' tcrai/ ^etou '
260 T^Xe/xa^o? 8* dirdvevOe KLMV evrl
os TroXt 1 ^? dX6?
^OL^O<; Oeos r)\
/<at /x* eV 1^71 /ce'Xeutra? eV* ^epoetSea TTOVTOV
VOCTTOV Trevcro^evov Trarpos 8
265 ep^ecr^at ra 8e Trdvra StarptySova'tt' '
/xv^crr^pe? Se /xaXttrra /ca/cai? v
ois e</>ar' eu^ojotevo?, a^eSd^ei' Se ot
Mei^ropt etSo/xeV>7 -^/xev Se/xa? -^Se /cat
/cat /xtf <f>a)VT](ra<T y evrea Trrepoevra
270 " T^Xe^xa^', ovS' o-rnOev /ca/co<? eo~o-eat ovS' d
et 807 rot <ro{5 Trarpog ez/eo~ra/crat p.evos -^u
ofo? /cew'o? 17^ reXetrat epyov re eVo? re-
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 B. 25
ov rot eVet^' a\Lrj 686<? ecrcrerat ovS' dreXecrros-
et 8' ov /ceiVou y* eo~o"t yoVos /cat
275 ou ere y' eVetra eoX-rra reXevrtjcrew, a
Travpoi yap rot TratSes 6/xotot vrarpt TreXoz/rat,
ot TrXeofes /ca/ctovs, TravpoL Se re Trarpo? d
aXX' evrel ovS' oindev KO.KOS ecrcreat ou5' O.VOYHJHDV
ov8c ere Tray^v ye fj.f)T(,<; 'OSvcro'^o? Tr/ooXeXotTrez/,
280 l\7r(t)p7J rot eVeiTa reXevr^o~at raSe e)oya.
rw vvi' fj.vr)CTTT]p(t)v /JLCV ea (3ov\TJv TC voov re
ci(/>/3a,Setoi>, eTret ov rt vo^^ove^ ovSe St/catot
ouSe rt to~ao~tz> ddvarov /cat Krjpa fji\aivav,
65 817 cr<^)t o~^e8d^ ecrrt^, e?r' ^art Travra
285 o~ot 8 s 6805 ov/cert Bypov aTreo-o-erat, -^v o~v
roto? yap rot erat/ao? eyw Trarpwtos et^utt,
09 rot vT/a ^o^ o~reXecu /cat a/x' ei//o/Aat auro?.
dXXa cru /ACI^ 77/365 Saj/aar' ta>i
OTrXto~o~oi> r* T7ta /cat dyyeo~t^ apcrov
290 owov iv d(ji<f>i(f)opvcrL KCLL dX<^>tra, pveXov avSpatv,
^pfj.a<Tii> iv TrvKLvolcru> eyw 8* ai'a S^/MOV eratpov?
ati//' 0\ovTrjpa<s crvXXe^o/xat. etcrt Se vrje?
TroXXat eV a fjL(f>iaiX(t) 'idaKr), i/eat ^Se TraXatat-
Tawv juei' TOI eya)i> e7rtdi//o/xat, 17 rt?
295 a>/ca 8' e^OTrXtcrcrai'Te? ivr\<Top.tv evpti
)<; <^ctT* 'AOrjvairj Kovp~r) Atd? ou8' dp' ert
evret $eo{) e/cXuei^
8' te
tei
evpe 8' dpa /x^crr^pag dy^opa? ez^ /xeydpotcrtv
300 atya? ai'te/ueVov? crtdXou? ^' evo^ra? ev av\f).
*A^Tu/oo5 8' t^v? yeXdo~a? /cte T^Xeyu,d^oto,
> J^ /v ' *j > > / y
e^ r apa ot <pu \etpt, CTTO? r e^ar e/c T of o/Aa^ei^
1 tyayop-rj, /u,ei/o5 dcr^ere, /xif rt rot dXXo
26 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IT.
eV o"T77#eo~o~t KO.KOV /jieXeTO) epyov re eVo9 re,
305 dXXd fjiOL ecr^tejuei' /cat iru>p,&, o>9 TO irdpos trep.
TavTa Se rot jj.dXa TrdWa reXevTTJo'ova-u' 'A^atoi,
i/rja /cat latrov$ e/oeYa9, tz/a 6aar(rov 1/0701
9 IIvXoi' r)ya.07)v aer' dyavou irarpos O.KOVTJV"
TOV 8' au Ti^Xe/xa^o? TreTrt'f/xeVo? avrLov rjv^a
310 " 'Aj^TO'o', OU 7T&K CTTLV V7Tp(f)LdXoL(TL ^0^ VfJilu
Bai r aKeovTa /cat ev^paCvecrBai, 6/0-7X01'.
aXts, a;? TO Trdpo(.0v eKeipere TroXXa /cat eV0Xa
* e/xa p.vr)(TTfjp6<;, eya> 8' ert 1/1777109 ^a ;
S' 6Ve S^ )aeya9 etjut /cat aXXaJt* pvOov OLKOVOIV
315 TTVV 9 avowal, /cat Sry yu,ot de^eTat e^So^t
W9 /c v/x/xt /ca/cct9
^e TIuXo^S* \6a>v TI avrov Tw8' e^t
et/xt /xeV, ovS' 01X117 6809 eo'creTat, ^i> dyopevo),
e/x7ropo9 ' ov yap ^69 tTnjfioXos ovS' epeTda)i>
320 yiyvo^-ai 0)9 ^v TTOU vfJLfj,tv eetcraTo Kep^iov eu'at.
77 pa /cat e'/c
pela iJ.vr)(TTf)p5 8e So/xoz/ /cctTa 8atTa Trevovro.
ot 8' 7reXa)^8evot' /cat e/cepTo/xeoi/ ev
wSe 8e Tt9 t7reo~/ce i/e
325 " ^ /xaXa TrjXefjLa^o^ fyovov
17 Tii/a9 /c IIvXov a^e
^ o ye /cat ^TrdprrjOe^, evret w TTC/O teTat
^e /cat et9 'Q(f>vpr)i> e^eXet Trieipav dpovpav
330 eV 8e ySctX^ KprjrrjpL /cat r)fj.a<;
dXXo9 8' auT* et7reo~/ce vecui
/ ^> -yj \>\>\ /\ v \
Tt9 o oto , et /ce /cat auT09 twi/ /cotX^ e?rt 7/7709
<j)CX(oi> aTToXrjTaL dX&)^t/o9 W9 Trep 'OSi;crcreu9 ;
/cat fj.aXXov 6(fteXXeiv TTOVOV
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 B. 27
335 KTrj/jLara yap Ki> TroWa Sacrat/Ae0a, ot/cta 8* aure
rourov /ATirept Soi)uei> e^ett' 778* 05 rts OTTVUH."
oDs (dV, 6 8' v\jjopo(j)ov OdXajJiov /care/^crero Trarpos
evpvv, 061 1/77705 xpvcros Ka ^ L X a ^- K < * e/ceiro
eV^rj? r' eV ^r)\ol(TLV aX.t<? r* evw8e? eXatoi/.
340 ei> 8e TTidoi olvoio TraXatov ^SvTroroto
ea-racra^ aKprjTov Oelov TTOTOV eVros
^1175 TTort rot^oi' dpypores, el TTOT*
vocrTT]o-Le /cat aXyea TroXXa
u 8' evrecrai/ cravtSe? TTVKWWS apapvlai
345 8t/cXt8es ' eV Se yvi/^ Tapir) vv/cra? re /cat
Heicrr)vopi.Sao.
rrjv Tore Tr^Xe/xa^o? npoo'edtrj 0a\afjL6v$e /caXecro'a?
" /x,ar, aye 817 ^u,ot oivov Iv dju.
350 T^8ur, on? /xera TW Xapwraro?, 6^ <TU
TOV Ka^^opov, et iroOev e
v? Ba.va.rov Kat Krjpas dXv
ScuSe/ca 8' fJL7r\r)O'oi> /cat vrw/xacrti/ ap&ov
ei/ Se /xot a\<f>iTa yevov e'uppa^>eeo"crt $>opoi<riv
355 et/cocrt 8* ecrr&> perpa jLtvX^^arov dX<irou d/crr^?.
aurr) 8* 0177 tcr#t. ra 8' a0poa irdvTa reru)($a>
ecrTrepto? yap e'ywv atpr/cro/xat, OTTTTOTC KW 87)
fJ.TJrr)p el<s vTrepw' dva/3f) KOLTOV re /zeS^raf
etyu,t yap e'g ^TrdpT^v re /cat e'<? IIvXoi/ r)(j,a0oVTa
360 VOOTTQV Treucrojuei'O? Trarpog ^>tXov, 77^ TTOU d/covcr<u."
w? <^>dro, KWKvcrev Se ^1X17 rpo(j>b<; Evpu/cXeia,
/cat y5' o\o(f)Vpo[jLvrj eVea Trrepost'Ta Trpocr^vSa
"TLTTT6 Se rot, <tXe TZKVOV, eVt </>pe<rt TOUTO vo^a
V \ ^> >/)/\ >/ \ \ \ > \ <
eTrXero; TTT) o ec/eXet? tei/at 7roXX7)i/ CTTI yatai'
365 /xoii>o<j e'&>i/ dyaTTT^rog; 6 S' wXero Tr)\60i 7rdrpr)<;
28 HOMER'S ODYSSEY II.
'OSvcrevs dXXoyi/wrtuz' eVt
ot Se rot avrtV lovri /ca/ca <f>pdcrcrovTa.(, OTTtcrcraj,
eS? KC SdXw (f>6lri<$, raSe 8* avrot Trd^ra Sdo'oi'rat.
9 \ \ \ / 9 T /)> > > /) ' >O//
aXXa /xei> aut7 CTTI crotcrt /cac/r/juei'og ovoe rt ere
370 TTOVTOV eV arpvyerov Ka.Ka 7racr^ti^ ovS' a
r^y 8* au T^Xe/xa^o? ireTrvv^evos OLVTLOV
" ffdpcrti, jLtar, CTrel ou rot at'eu ^eou T^Se ye j3ov\yj.
a\X' o/xoo-of /xr) p^rpl <f>&rj ra8e
Trpw* y* or* av eV8e/car7y re SuwSe/car^ re
375 ^ avTY)v TTO^eVat /cat a^op/x^^eWo? d/couo-at,
a5 aj/ /u,-^ /cXatoucra Kara XP * 01 Ka ^> v tctTrrry.
a? dp' ec>7, yprjvs Se ^ewi' jaeyav opKov
avrap eVet y5* opocrtv re TeXevrrjarev re roi^
avrtV eTTeirct 01 oti/ov eV d{JL<f)i<f)Opev<TLv d<^vcrcref,
380 eV Se ot dX^>tra x e ^ ev e'uppa<^eeo~o"t Sopoto~w.
xo? S* e'? Sw/xar' ta)i> fjLvrjcrTfjpa-Lv of
avr* dXX* evorjcre Oed, yXav/caJTrts *
et/cvta Kara vrroXti^ w^ero
Kat y5a eKao-rw <^a>rt Tra/xo-ra/xeV^ <^
385 eo~7reptov? S* e?rt i^rja ^o^ dyepecr^at
17 S* avre Qpovioio Norjfjiova <
^ree z^^a ^o'/p 6 Se ot 7rp6(j)pa)V
Suo-ero r' ^e'Xto? o-Ktowi^rd re Trdcrat dyutat,
/cat rdre ^a $0771' dXaS' et/3uo~e, Trdvra S' eV avr>5
390 oTrX' ert^et, rd re vije? euo~o~eXttot fyopiovcrw.
(TTrjcre S* CTT* Icr^anf) Xt/xe^o?, Trept S' ecrBXol eralpoi
d0pooi rjyepeOovro ' Bed S' corpvvev eKacrrov.
et'^' aur* dXX' Ivor) ere Bed, yXai>KOJ7rt<? *A.6r)inr).
/3>5 p* teVai 7rpo5 So>/xar' 'OSuo-or^og Oeioio
395 eV0a /xi/^o'rifpecrcrtt' eVt yXuKW VTTVOV e%evev,
Se TTIVOVTO.^ -^eipajf S' eKJ3a\\e KvireXXa.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 B. 29
oi 8* eu8eti> oipvvvro Kara TTTO\LV, ovS' dp' ert
etar', eVet (T^KTLV VTTZ^OS cm /3Xe<dpoto-t^
avrap Trj\/Jt.a^ov Trpocrecf)?)
400 eWpo/caXecro-a/xeVi7 /xeydpa>i> eu
MeVropt ei8o/u,eV77 ^/aev Se/xa? 7?Se /cat
" T^Xe/xa^', 1787^ /xei/ rot eu/c^if/xtSe? ercu/aot
etar' eV^'/aerjaot r^v (r^ TrortSey/xe^ot 6pfj.iji>
dXX' to/xei^, /XT) 817^01 8taT|Oi^8a>/xV 68010."
405 w? apa (fxovTJcracr' 7)yTJ(ra.TO TlaXXa? 'A^ry^
KapTraXifjLfos 6 8' eTretra /xer' t^^ta fiaive Oeolo,
avrap eVet /5' eVt j^a KaTirj\.v0ov r)$e OdXacrcrav,
evpov eTretr' eVt tz^t /ca/5^ /co/xowvra? eratpovs.
rotcrt 8e /cat /xereet^)' tepr) ts T^Xe/xa^oto
410 " Seure, ^>tXot, i^ta <f>epa>iJLe0a TraVra yap 17817
a.9po evi /xeyapw. [jiTjTrjp 8' e/xr) ou rt
ov8' aXXat S/xwat, tua 8' 0117 pvOov d/
0)9 dpa (^wv^Va? i^yTycraro, rot 8' d/x* eirovro.
ol 8' dpa TroLvra (f>epovTes eucro'eXttaj evrt 1^77!
415 Kctr^ecra^, w? e/ceXeucret' 'OSucrcrrjo? ^>tXo? vtd?.
ap 1 8' dpa TT^Xe/xa^og 1^170? ^alv\ ypx & 'A ^771/17,
\^9>\ >*>vy v w~
vr)L o evt, 7rpvp.vr) /car ap e^ero ay^t o ap avnr)s
e^ero T^Xe/xa^o?. rot Se Trpv^vi^cri eXucrai',
af 8e /cat avrot ySdz^re? eVt /cXTiurt KaOl^ov.
420 TOtO~tV 8' LK[JiVOV OVpOV tt yXttV/CCUTTt? 'A^T/I^,
d/cpar) Zi(f)vpov, /ceXdSoi^r' em ot^OTra 7roWoi>.
TTyXeyua^o? 8' erdpoto~t^ eTrorpwa? e/ceXeuo"ev
077X0)^ anTecrdaL rot 8' oTpwovTos aKovcrav.
ICTTOV 8' ei\a.TLvov KotX^? ei>TO(T@e /xeo~dS/x775
425 (TTrjo-av detpavre?, /caret Se TrpOTovoLcnv eSryo-av,
eX/cof 8' tcrrta Xev/cct e'vcrrpeVroto-t j3oevo"iv.
errprjcrev 8* d^e/xo? itec-op to'rtoi', d/x^>t 8e /cG/x.a
30 HOMER'S ODYSSEY II.
TTOpfivpeov /xeyaV ta^e 1/1765 lov
f) 8* e^eef /caret /cC/xa StaTrya^crcrouo'a K\ev0ov.
430 S^cra/xevot 8' ctyoa oTrXa ^or)^ cl^a 1/770,
(TT-rjcravTo KprjTY)pa<; eVtcrre^ea? 00/010,
Xeiftov 8* a.Oa.va.Toi(Ti ^eot? cuet/yei/er^o-
CK Travrwv 8e /xaXtara Aio<? yXav/ccuirtSt
p r\ ye at ^a
OMHPOT
T.
To,
8' dz/dpovcre, \nruv Trepi/caXXe'a
ovpavov e? TroXu^aX/coi/, tV aOavdroicrL
Kal OvrjTola'i j3poTol(7LV eVi ^ciScopc^ dpovpav
ol 8e IlvXoi>, N^X^o? ev/crL/xe^o
lov TOL S' eVl ^t^t ^aXacrcrr;? t
ravpovs Tra/xju.eXai'ag, eVocrt^^oi/t
eiWa 8' eSpat ecrav, TTevrrfKocnoi 8* e^ KO.<TTY)
etaro /cat Trpov^ovTo fKacrroOi ivvia. ravpovs.
e/catov
avrot.
aiov.
w 8' 7rt
10 ol 8' t#u? KardyovTo tS' tcrrta ^770$
crretXai^ det/aa^re?, T^ S* cup/it(rav, e/c 8'
CK 8* apa T^Xe/ixa^os ^170? ^8at^', ypx e ^
rov Trporep-q irpoo-eeiire 6ed, y\avKa)Tn<; '
<<rl\/ > > / \V1O~ '
l^Xe/xa^, ou /xe^ ere ^pi) er atoous, ov
15 TovveKa yap Kal TTQVTOV eVeVXw?, o<^>jOa i
7rarx>o?, OTTOV /cu^e yata Kat 6V rtz^a TTOT^OV
dXX' dye vw t^u? Kte Ne'crropo? t
et8o/A^, 171^ Ttt'a fjLrJTiv evl crr^^ecrcrt
Xtcrcrecr^at Se' /xtv aurd?, O7ra>9
20 i//ev8o9 8' ov/c epeet />tdXa ya/3
TT)P 8' av T^Xejita^o? TreTT^v/xevo? avriov rjvoa
" Mez/rop, Trwg r' dp* tw; TTW? T' ap Trpocnrrv^o^ai avrov;
OvSe Tt 7TW /JivOoiO-L TTeTTeip^/Xat TTVKLVOLCTiV '
8* av ve'oz/ dj'Spa yepatrepo^
32 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
25 rov 8' avre Trpcxre'etTre #ed, yXau/caWts 'A.0yjvr)
" T^Xt/xtt^', aXXa /xeV avrog eVt <j>pe(rl crrjcn
dXXa Se /cat Sai/xan' VTro^crerat ou yap 6ta>
ou (re 0eaV de/oqrt yevicrOai re rpa^ipev re."
0)9 dpa (f>(t)i>TJcra(r > rjyTJcraTo IlaXXa? 'A0Tjvr)
30 /ca/)7raXi)aa)<? 6 8* eVetra /xer* t^^ta /3at^e Oeolo.
lov 8' 5 HyXuHP avSpatv ayupw re /cat eSpa?,
ev^' dpa NecrTftJp ^crro ervt' vtdcrw/, djuc^t 8' eroupoL
8atr' evrwofJievoi /cpea T* CJTTTCOV dXXa T*
ot 8' a ov^ ^etVou? t8o^, aOpooi rjXBov
35 ^epcrw T* ^crTrd^o^To /cat e8piaacr#at avwyov.
7T/3a>ro5 NecrTo/3t8>7? IIeto-tcrT/)aros eyyvdev
djji<f)OTep<t)V eXe X^P a /ca ' tSpvo-/ Trap a Satrt
ev ^oXaKoidiv eirl x|/ajad^ots dXtr^crt^
re KacriyvyTto pao~vfjiyj8eL /cat vrarept w.
40 Soi/ce 8* dpa crTrXdy^^a)^ /xotpa?, ev 8' olvov
^/ovcretw SeVat SetStcr/co/xe^o? Se TrpocrrjvSa
IlaXXdS' *A.0r}vafyv Kovprp Atog atytd^oto
" eu^eo i/vi', a) ^cu/e, IlocretSdaj^t dz^a/crt
rov yap /cat SatTi^ rjVTTjcraTe Seupo /aoXwre?.
45 avrap 7rf)v (nreia-rfi re /cat ev^eat, ^ ^e/xt9 ecrrtV,
805 /cat rovTft) eVetra SeVa? /xeXt^Seo? oti/ou
CTTretcrat, evret /cat TOVTOI' oto/xat a.6ava.Toicriv
ev^ecrdaL' Trdvres Se $eaV ^are'ovtr' dvOponroi.
dXXa, ^ewrepd? ecrrtv, o/x^Xt/ct^ 8' ettot avrw
50 rouVe/ca crot Trporepw 8a)<ra) ^pvcreLov dXetrov."
a>? elnojv eV X 61 / 3 ' rt/ ^ et 8eVa5 T^Se'o? olvov
8* 3 A.0r)i>airj 7r7n>v/xeVto dt'Spt 8t/cai&>,
ot Trporepr) Soi/ce "^pvcreiov dXetcro^.
aurt/ca 8' eux 61 " TroXXd nocretSdio
55 " /cXv^t, IIo<jetSaof yatr^oxe, /xrjSe
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 33
v\ojjLevoicrL reXeimJo-at rctSe epya.
Nco-ropt fjitv TrpaiTicrTa /cat vidcn /cuSos 6Vae,
avrdp eTmr' d'XXotcrt 8t'Sov ^aptecrcra^ df
60 80? 8' ert T^XlfJia^ov KOL fj, TTprf^avTOi veecr0<u t
owe/ca Sevp' iKo^crda Oof) (rvv vrji
a;? ap' eTretr* ripaTO /cat avri^ -nra^ra
Se T^Xe/xa^w AcaXov Serra?
0)5 S* avrct)? 'fjpa.ro 'OSucrcr^o? ^>tXo? vto?.
65 ot S' eVet uirTrjcrav Kpe virepTepa /cat
/AOtpa? Sacrcra/xe^ot Sati/u^r' epi/ci>Sea Satra.
avrap eVet Trocrto? /cat e'S^rvo? e^ epo^ eWo,
rots apa p.vda)v rjpx e Tcprfvias liriroTa Neo-rtup
" ^uz/ Sr) icaXXiof ecrrt yaeraXX^crat /cat epecrdai
70 fetVou?, ot Tt^es etca^, 7ret ToipTnjcrav eSwSrj?.
w fet^ot, rtVe? ecrre; TroOev TrXet^' vy/xx K\v0a ;
TI rt /card Trpfj&v r) ;u,ai/;t8tai5
otd re Xr^tcrrrype?, vrrelp dXa, rot r'
\lru)(as irapOefJLevoi KOLKQV dXXoSa7roto~t
75' ro^ 8' av Tr)\fJLa^o<s TreTT^f/xe^o? d^rtoi/
avrrj yap eVt <f>p<ri Odpcros '
tW /txtt' ?rept Trarpo? aTrot^o/xe^oto epotro
[178* tW /AW /cXeo? <r6\ov iv avOpfinroicrLv
" d) Nccrrop NTyX^tdS^, //,eya
80 etpeat, oinroOev et/x,ev eycu Se /ce rot
i7/>tet? e^ 'l^a/aj? virovriiov etX^Xov^/uei/'
j- o> </o> >O/ > O / * > /
77 "/ 31 ?b t ? T?" totTj, ov 017/01105, ^i/ ayopeva).
irarpos e/jiov /cXeos evpv //,crep^Ojuat, T^ TTOU d/covcrw,
Stov 'OSucrcrrJos raXacrt^povo?, ov TTOTC <f)a(nv
85 crw o~ot iLa.pvdn.evov Tpatuv iro^Lv e'aXa7rdai.
dXXovs /u-et' yap Trdi^ras, oVot Tpa>o-ti/
34 HOMER'S ODYSSEY Til.
e/cacrro? aTrcuXero XvypaJ 6Xe#p<w,
8' av /cat oXedpov dnevBea dfJKe Kpovicov
ov yap rt? Swarat o~a<a et7re/xej>, omrod* oXaiXev,
90 et #' o y 7T* yireipov SctjU/^ d^Spctcrt
et re Kal ei' TreXayet /xera KvfjLacriv '
vvv TO, era yovvaO* t/ca^o/xat, at K' IBeKy
\vypov o\e6pov Ivurireiv, et TTOV
6<j)0a\fjLolcn reotcrti' ^ aXXov p/vdov a/covcrag
95 7rXaojueVou Trept yap //,> oi^vpov reVe
/tx^Se rt /x' atSo/xe^o? /aetXtcro-eo
dXX' eu /xot KardXe^ov, OTT&J?
Xtcrcro/Aat, et TTOTC' rot rt Traryp e/zo? ecr0Xo<s 'OSucrcreu?
^ CTTO? ^e' rt epyov virocrra^ e'fere'Xecrcrei'
100 8i7/x,a> eVt Tpcowv, oOi Tracr^ere
rail/ vvt' /xot juvrjcrat, /cat /xot
TOI> 8' ^ttet/3er' eTretra Fep^Vto? ITTTTOTOL NeVrcup
" a) <tX*, eTret /x* e/xv^cra? ot^vo?, 77^ eV e/cet^w
Si^ttw dverX'rjiJLev tieVos acr^erot vte?
105 T^tieV otra uf vrjvcrlv eif ^epoeiSea
7rXa^ottei/ot fcara X^tS', 07717 dp^eiev
^8' ocra /cat 7re/ot acrrv tteya ITpta/xoto oVa/cros
fjiapvdfjieO' ev6a 8' eVetra /care/cra^e^, ocrcrot apicrrot'
eV^a /xeV Ata? /cetrat apijios, ev6a 8' 'A^tXXei;?,
110 eV^a 8e Ilarpo/cXo? 0eo<j)Lv fJLij(TTa)p draXafTo?,
et'^a 8' exto? (f>iXo<s vtog, a/xa /cparepos /cat
'A^rtXo^o?, Trept /xeV delew ra^v?
aXXa re TroXX* eTrt rot? Tra^o/xev /ca/ca rt? /c>
Trdvra ye /xv^Vatro /car a #1/77 raw
115 ov8* et Tre^raere'? ye /cat e^aere?
e'^epeot?, oo*a /cet^t frdOov /ca/ca 8tot '
dvir)6el<s crr)v TrarptSa ycuav tKoto.
Copyrighted, 1897, by Ginn & Co.
WALLS OF ILIOS.
(From a Photograph. )
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 35
etvaere? yap o~<f>i.v KO.KO.
TTOLVTOLOLCTL 8dXoiO"t, /U-Oyt? 8' eYe'XecTCre KpOVL(t)V.
120 eV$' ou TIS Trore jjLrjnv op.OLa)6TJ[j,evaL avTirjv
rj8e)C. eVet /xaXa noXXoi' eW/ca 8109 'OSucrcreus
SdXotcrt, Trarrjp red?, et erew ye
e/cyo^d? ecrcrt <re/8a<> ju,' e^ei etcropdco^ra.
^ rot yap /j.v0OL ye e'ot/cdre?, ovSe /ce <f>a.L7)<;
125 at'Spa vewrtpov aiSe eot/cdra
eV^' ^ rot euy? /uLei/ e'ya* /cat 8109 '
ovre TTOT' etf dyoprj Si^' e/Sd^ofjLei^ our' eVt
9vp.ov exovre v6(o /cat eVt</>/)oi'i ftovXf)
' 'ApyeioicTLv, 6V<us d^' aptcrra yeVotro.
130 aura/3 eVet ITpta/xoio TrdXt^ BieTrepcrafjiev aimjv,
firilJLCv 8' ez^ vTrjecrcri, $eo? 8' e/ceSacrcret' '
/cat rdre 8r) Zeu? \vypov eVt (f>pecrl /x^'Sero
'Apyetot?, eVet ou rt vo^p-oves ouSe St/catot
TrdVreg eo"av rw cr^ew^ TroXe'e? KO.KOV oirov e
135 /xifi/to? e'^ 0X0^9 yXau/cwTrtSos o/SpifjiOTrd
17 -' eptv 'Ar/jetSr^crt /xer' a/x<ore'poicru>
raj 8e KaXecrcra/xeVw ayopr^v e'? Trcti/ra? '
/u,a\/;, ctrap ou /cara KOCT/JLOV, e? T^e'Xto^ /caraSwra,
' ^' ^\ ZJ * O O ' 'P'A ^
ot o -qWov owco pepaprjoTes ute? A^atwv,
140 p.vBov p.v0i(T0r)v, TOU etz/e/ca Xaot' ayeipav.
ev0' y rot MeveXao? di^cuyet TrdVras '
vdcrrou p.LfjLvrja'KecrBaL CTT* eupea i^aira
ouS' t A.yap.fj,i'oi>L ndfjirrav eyvbave /SouXero yap pa
Xaot' epu/ca/ce'etv pe'^at ^* tepa? e/card/x^as,
145 a>5 rov ' A07)vai.r)S Sett'ov ^dXoz/
^TTIO?, ouSe ro ^8^, 6 ou Tret'creo-^at
ou yap T* aTi//a ^ewi^ rpeVerat I'dog atei/
aig rw ae^ aXe7roto~i^ atet^oxeVco 7re / eo~o~tv
36 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
eoTacrcu> ol S* dvopovcrav cu/ci^/uSe? '
150 r)XT) 0^0'TrecTLr), St^a Se (r<
VVKTO. /xeV de'crajaei' ^aXeTra <f>pecrlv o
aXXT^Xof? eVt ydp Zeu? rjpTve TrrjfJia KO.KOIO
rjotdev 8' ot /xez> i^e'as eX/co/x> et? aXa 8tai/
KTijfJLaToi r evTide^ecrOai ^o.9vt,o)vov^ re
155 17/Aurees 8' ayaa Xaol epyrvovTo /xeVo^Tes
au^t ira/)' 'Ar/aetSr; 'Aya/xe/xvovt Trot/ieVt
8' dva/3dvTe<s eXavi/o/xe^ at 8e /otdX'
, c&Topecrev Se #eo? jaeya/c^rea TTWTOI/.
5 TeveSoz/ 8* e\06vTe<s epe^a^ev Ipd
160 oucaSe iefjievoi Zeus 8' ou ITOJ /a^Sero ^d
cr^erXtos, os /5* eptt' aipcre KdKrjv eVt Seurepov
ol juev d,7ro(TTpei//ai'res e^8a
avrts CTT' 'ArpetS^ 'Aya/xe/ai/oi^t ^
165 avrdp eyw crw V7)vcrli> doXXccrLv, at /xot e
<j>evyov, eTret yiyvaxTKov, o S>) KOLKO.
<f>evy 8e TuSeo? utos dprfios, wpcre 8' eratpov?
6x/e 8e Si) /xerd t'ait /cte a.vdos Mei'e'Xao?,
e^ AeVySw 8' eKi^ev So\L)(ov ir\6ov
170 17 KaOvTrepde Xioto veoi^da TratTraXoecrcr^s,
vijcrov em ^vpfys, avrr)v evr' dyotcrreyo' e^ov
^ VTrevepOe Xtoto Trap' r)vep.6evTa Mt//,a^ra.
Tyreojotef Se ^eoi/ ^^at repa? avrdp o y
Setfe /cat rjvaiyeL TreXayo? /xeVov t? 'Evy
175 refjLvtLV, o^pa rd^terra VTTC/C /ca/cdrryra
* ^ >J ^\ N T '
wpro o 7rt Atyu? ovpos a^jLtei^at at
KeXevOa 8ie8pa/zoi>, es Se Fepaicrrov
KardyovTo TTocretSawvi Se ravpcoi/
TToXX* eVt ftrjp' e^e/xe^, Tre'Xayos /-te'ya
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 37
180 rerparov rj^ap eyv, or' iv "A/ayet vrja<s ctcras
TvSetSea) erapot Aio/A^Seos iinroSdfjiOLo
ujTacrai' avrdp eyat ye TTuXovS' e^oi/, ouSe' TTOT' 0-^877
ovpos, eVet Sr) Trpwra #eo? TrpotrjKev arfvaL.
w? r}\6ov, <j>i\e TZKVOV, aTrevffijs, ovSe' TI oTSa
185 Keivoiv, ot r' 6(ra.(t)()ev 'A^atwv, ot r'
ocrcra 8' evt /zeya^ootcrt Ka^/ae^o
i, f) 0fWS eort, Sarfcreat, ov8e (re /ceucra).
01)5 ay' 'A^iXX^o? fieyaflvfjiov ^atSc/uo? vto?,
190 eu 8e <&L\oKTTJTr)v, HoidvTLov dyXabv viov
Trcuras 8' 'iSo/xevev? KpTJTrjv eicnjyay erat'povs,
ot fyvyov IK TroXe/xou, vrovro? Se ot ou
'Ar/aei'S^^ 8e /cat aurot d/couere v6(r<j)iv eo
w? T' 7?X$' w 1 ? r' Atytcr^o? e/u,>ycraro \vypov 6Xe6pov.
195 dXX' ^ rot Aceti'os /aev eTncr/Avyepw? derio~'
a)? dya0bv feat TratSa /cara<#t/xeVoio XnrecrOai,
dz/8po5, eVet /cat /ceti^o? erto-aro iraTpo^ovrja,
Pjyi(r9ov SoXo/xr^rtM o ot irarepa /cXvrof e/cra.
/cat o~u, ^>tXo5, /xaXa yap o~' opou KO\OV re ft&yav re,
200 dX/ctjU.05 ecrcr', t^a rt? o~e /cat 6i//tywa)^ eu
r^ rov 8' av TTXexao? TTCTT^ u.ei'o? avr'iov
"
Neorop N^X^tdSr^, /xeya /cv8o? '
/cat XtT^i/ /cett'o? /zei> ertcraro, /cat ot
oto~ovcrt /cXeo? ev/)v /cat ecrcro/xei^otcrt 7rv0io-0ai
205 at yap e/xot roo-o"T7^Se ^eot Svt'a/>tti'
TicracrOai (JLvr)(TTrjpa.<s vTrep/Baorfys d
ot re /xot vfipi^ovTts ardcrOdka.
dXX' ov /xot rotourov e7re/cXa)O"a^ $eot oXfiov
Trarpi r e/aw /cat e'/xot z^w Se ^/3>) rerXd/ae^
210 rov 8' xetSer' eTretra Tervio^ iirirora
38 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
tX', eVet 877 ravrd p dve/xi^o-as /cat eetTreg,
trnypas 0-17? /^repos eiW/ca TroXXovg
eV /xeyd/oots deV^rt cre'^ei/ /ca/ca ^^avdaa-Oai
etTre jnot, i?e e/c&V VTroSd/Avatrat, 77 ere ye Xaot
215 e^OaCpovcr dva Sr^tof, eVicrTrojaei'oi ^eov op,<f>fj.
Tt? o' oiS', et /ce TTOTC (r^>t ^8tas d-Troricrerat \0a>v,
TI o ye [JLOVVOS tatv ff /cat crvfJiTravTes '
et ya/3 tr* w? cBeXoi
to? TOT* 'O8vo"O"^o?
220 ST^/XW eW Tpatuv, 061 Tracr^o/xe^ aXye' '
ov yap TTW tSov wSe ^eov? dva(f)av$a
a>5 Kewa) dz/a<^a^8a TrapLcrraro ITaXXas
et cr* oura>9 edeXoi <iXeeu> /c^Sotro re
rw /ceV rt5 KU>tov ye /cat e'/cXeXa^otro ya/>toio."
225 TOI^ 8' au TiyX^jta^os TreTT^v/xeVo? avriov rjvSa
" a) yepov, ov TTOJ rovro evros reXe'eer^at 6ta>
yap /xe'ya etTre? ay>y ^a* e^et. ou/c af e/xot ye
ra yeVotr*, ovS* et ^eot 0)5
8' avre Trpoartenre Bed, yXau/cwTTtg *
230 " Ti^Xe/xa^e, irolov ere CTTO? (frvyev ep/co? 6
peta $eo5 y* e0\a)v /cat r^Xo^e^ aVSpa crawcrat.
fiovXoifJirjv o av e'yco ye /cat aXyea TroXXa
ot/ca8e r* e\0ep,vai /cat i/ocrri/xov rj^ap tSe'cr^at,
235 c5Xe#' VTT' Atytcr^oto 8oX&) /cat ^9 dXo^oto.
dXX* ^ TOt OdvCLTOV fJLV OfJLOUOV OVO 0Ol 7Tp
/cat <f>i\o) dvSpt 8wai/rat dXaX/cejae^, oTTTrore /cev 8
* 6X017 KaOe\r)(Ti Ta^Xeyeos ^avdroto."
8* a5 T^Xeyaa^os TT.TTVV^VO<; dvriov yvoa
240 " MeVrop, /x^/cert ravra Xeytu/xe^a KTj^OfifVOt irep-
8' ov/cert to(rro9 eVTuos, dXXa ot
MYCENAE.
(From a Photograph.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T.
' dOdvaroi Odvarov /cat K-rjpa /xeXati/ai>.
vvv 8' e'^eXou eVos ctXXo jueraXArjcrai /cat
NeoTop', eVet TreptotSe St/ca<? ??Se <j>p6vu>
245 rot? yap 877 //,u> fyacriv avd^acrBai yeVe* dvopaiv
w<? re jitot dQdvaros tfSaAAerat etcropaao'^at.
a) Necrro/3 NrjXrjidSr), crv S' d\.r]0s evicnres
TTO>? eOav* 'ArpetSi^s evpw Kpeiaw *
TTOV Me^eXaos 07^ ; riVa 8' avrw
250 Atytcr^o? SoXo/xi^rt?, eVet /crave 77oAXoi> a/3etcu ;
TI OVK "A/oyeo? ^ev 'A^ati/cov, aXXa TT^ aXX^
TrXa^er' eV dvOpwirovs, 6 8e Oapcnjcras /careVe^i/ei/ ; "
TOV 8' q/uei/fcr* CTretra Fep^to? iTnroTa Neicrrwp
" roi-ydp iyu rot, TCKVOV, dX^^ea irdvr dyopeva-aj.
255 17 rot /xei^ raSe /cavro? oieat, w? Trep erv^^
et ^wo^ y' Ar-ytcr^ov eVt iLeydpouriv erer/xev
'ArpetSr^? TpofyOev iaiv, av@b<; Mei^eXao?
raJ fee ot ov8e Oavovri ^yTrjf em yatai/ e^evav,
cxXX' apa rot* ye /ewe? re /cat oteuz/ot /care'8ai//ai/
260 Kijj.vov iv TreSiaj e/ca? ao-reo?, ouSe' /ce' rt? /AW
/cXavcrei> 'A^atta8cof /xaXa yap yue'ya /xr^craro epyov.
17/xets /xeV yap Ket^t TroXe'a? reXe'oi^re? de'#Xov<?
rj/jieO' 6 8' eu/oyXos /AV^&> v Apyeo? t7T7ro/3oroto
TroXX' ' A.yajJieiJLvover)v aXo^ov ^e'Xyecr/c' evreecrcrtp.
265 17 8' ^ rot TO irptv /xeV dvaivc.ro epyov det/ce?
Sta KXvTaifjLvy(rTpr) (fypecrl yap
\ c>> V > V \ > O>v / T /\ \ > /
Trap o ap erp /cat aotoo? avyp, <w TroXX CTre
'Arpet'S^? Tpot^i/Se /ctwz> etpvo-^at OLKOLTIV.
dXX' ore 817 /xtv /xotpa ^eai^ iire&r)(r.
270 8^ rare TOV jtxeV dot8w dywv es vfjcrov eprf/
otw^otcrtv eXwp /cat /cvp/xa
8'
40 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
\\ > v /3 ^ ^ '^/D *
a oe /x>7/ot e/c^e c/eow tepot9 CTH pco/Aoi9,
TToXXd 8' dydXjLtar* di>>)i//ei>, vc^do-^ard re ^pvaov re,
275 e/creXe'cra9 /xe'ya epyov, o ov Trore e\7rero
ya/3 a//,a 7rXeo/xe^ Tpofyffev
/cat eyw, ^t\a etSore? dXX^
dXX* ore Sovt'tov t/ao^ dc^i/cojae^', aicpov
evOa KvfiepviJTrjv MeveXdou <&ot/3os 'ATro
280 ot? dyai/ots ^eXe'ecrou!/ 7rot^o/xe^os
TT^SdXtot' jLtera X 6 / 30 "^ Oeovcnjs VT^O?
Qpovriv 'OvrjTop&rjv, 09 eVaiwro ^>vX' a,v6p(t>Tratv
vf)a Kvj3epvrjo"a.i, OTTOTC (nrep^oiev aeXXat.
0)9 6 jaei^ e^^a Karecr^r' eVeiyo^tevck Trep oSoto,
285 o<^p* erapov OOLTTTOL KOL CTTI KTepea
dXX* ore ST) /cat /cet^o9 twv eVt otvoTra TTO
> invert yXa^up^crt MaXetdaj^ 0^09 atTru
t^e ^ewi/, rore ST) (rrvyep^v 680^ evpvona Zeu?
e^dcraro, Xtye'cuv 8* avepaiv CTT* avr/zeVa
290 /cu/xard re rpofytovTo TreXwyota tcra ope&criv.
dfji<f>l peedpa.
ecrrt 8e' rt9 Xtcro-i) atTretd re et9 dXa irerpr)
ea-^aTif) Toprvvos eV T^epoetSe't Trwrw-
295 eV$a Noro9 /xe'ya /cu/xa Trort cr/catw /5tov a^et,
e? <I>atcrro^, /xt/cpo9 8e Xt^o9 /xeya /cv^a* airoepyei.
at /uei/ dp* eV^' yXOov, (nrovSy 8' ^[Xv^av okeOpov
avftpes, drd/3 ^a9 ye Trort CTTrtXdSeo-crtv ea^av
/cu/xar* drdp ra,9 TreVre ve'a9 KvavoTrpcopeCovs
300 AiyvTTTO) eTreXacrcre <j)epa)v avepos re /cat v$<op.
&>9 6 xev eV#a tro\vv LOTOV /cat
/car
8e raOr' Atyto~^o9 e/xi7O"aro oiKodi \vypa.
Copyrighted, 1897, by Ginn & Co.
GATE OF LIONS, MYCENAE.
(From a Photograph.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 41
305 eVrdere? 8' ^i/acrcre TroXu^pua'oto
304 /creiVag 5 Ar/ae^S^, Se'Syu^ro Se Xao<? VTT* avraJ.
TW Se' ot oySodroj KO.KOV TJXvOe Stos 'Opecrr^?
di// (XTT* 'A0r)vda)v, /caret 8' e/crave irarpo(f)ovrja,
Atytcr$oi> SoXdju/^rw, o ot narepa K\VTOV e/cra.
^ rot 6 TOV Krelvas a.iw roifiov ' KpyeioKJiv
310 /x^rpos re crruyep^? Kal d^aX/ctSo? Atyicr^oto
avrrjuap 8e ot ^X^e ^OT)^ dya^o? Mez/eXao?
TroXXa KTijfJLCLT ay(t)v, ocra ot ve'e? aydo*; aeipav.
/cat OT;, ^>tXo?, /A>) S^^a So/xwv a?ro r^X* dXaX^o~o,
KT^ard re Trpo\Lira)v av$pa.<; r iv o~oto~t Sd/jtotcrw/
315 ourca v7rep^)tdXov? /X7y rot /card TTOLVTO.
/cri7/xara Sacro~d/xe^ot, o~u Se T^
dXX* e? /u,e^ MeveXaoi' eyw /ceXo/xat /cat avarya
cXOew Kelvos yap veov abXoOev elXyjXovBev,
e/c rail/ a.vBp(i)TT<i)v, o6ev OVK eXTrotrd ye 0vfJi(p
320 \0fjiv, 6V rwa TrpwTov aTroa'^T/jXcoo'Lv deXXat
e? TreXayo? ueya rotoi/, o^et' re TTC/O ovS'
avro'ere? ot^i/evo"tv, eVet /xeyct re 8eti/w re.
dXX' t^t vw o~w 1071 re CTT^ /cat
et 8' e^eXet? Trends, irdpa rot Si'^o? re /cat ITTTTOI,
325 Trap 8e rot ute? e//,ot, ot rot Tro/aTnye? ecroi/rat
e'? Aa/ceSat/xova Staz/, o#t ^avOos Mei/e'Xao?.
Xtcrcreo-^at 8e' jaw avrd?, tz^a vry/xepre? eVto~7T^
t/;eu8o5 8' ov/c epeet /xdXa yap TreTria'jue^o? ecrrtV."
r I > >/\ o>v>^ \\ // -s-x/i
a? e^>ar , 7)eAto5 o ap eov /cat em /ci'ecpa? "qKuev.
330 rourt Se /cat juereetTre ^ed, yXav/caVt? 3 A0rjvr)
" a) yepov, y rot raura /card poipOLV /careXe^a?
dXX* dye rd/ai/ere /xet' yXwo-o-a?, KepdacrOe Se olvov,
o<f>pa IIoo~etSd&)^t /cat dXXot? aOavaToicriv
/cotroto /teSwyae^a roto ydyo wp^.
42 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
335 17877 yap (f)do<s ot^e^' VTTO o<cn>, ovSe eot/cev
8i70a Sew eV Satrt daaa-cre^ev, dXXd
f) pa Atos dvydrrjp, ol 8* ZK\VOV a
rotcri Se KTjpVKes /xeV vSwp eVt ^eipa?
Kovpoi 8e KprjTrjpas e7recrrei/;aj'To TTOTOIO,
340 vat^o-av 8' apa Tiacrt^ e7ra/3^ayu,evot
yXwcrcra? 8' ei^ Truyot j3dX\ov, d^tcrrct/xevot 8' e7reAet/3oi>.
avrap CTTCI (nrelcrdv re TTLOV & \ ocrov TJ0e\ 0V[ji6s,
ST) TOT* 'AflrpnuT) KOL T^Xe^ta^o? ^eoetS-^?
ajji<f)(t) Iecr0r)v KoiXfjv eVt v^a veecrOai.
345 Necrrw/3 8* av KarepvKe /ca^aTrro/xei'o? eTreecrtrt^
" Zev? TO y* dXe^crete Kal dddvaroi Oeol aXXot,
a>5 v^els Trap' e/xeto ^o^ eVt i^rja /ctotre
w? TC rev -^ irapa TrdfjLTrav cxvet/xo^o? ^Se Trevi^pov,
w ou rt ^Xat^at /cat p^yecu TroXX' eVt ot/c&>,
350 our* avrw juaXa/cai? oure ^etVotcrtv eVeuSett'.
avrap e/xot irdpa p.kv ^Xati^at /cat pijyea /caXa.
819 rouS' dvSpos 'OSffrcrrJo? ^>tXo? vto?
7T S iKpi6(f>Li> /caraXe^erat, o^p' av e'yw ye
^ww, eVetra 8e TratSe? eVl /-teyapotcrt XtVcovrat,
.. { t {- 'Y * ' JSNOr/JiV 5?
355 geu'ous geti^t4etv, os rts ic e/xa ow/xatr t/c^rat.
TOI> 8' avre irpocreeLTre Bed, yXav/cwTTt? 3 A.6rjvr)
" v 8^ ravrd y <j)r)cr0a, yepov <^>tXe crot-8e eoi/cer
T^Xejaa^oz/ TreiOea'Oai, eTret TroXv /caXXtoz^ OUTOUS.
dXX* euro? jite^ vvi/ crot a/x' ei/ierat, o<^y>a /cei' eu8^
360 (Toicriv eVt jjieydpOLCTLi' eya) 8' eVt i^^a jae'Xati/av
el/x', wa Bapcrvvut & erdpovs .nra> re e/cacrra.
oto? yap /xera TOICTI yepatrepo? eu^o/tat eti^at
ot 8' aXXot <f)i\6rr)Ti veatrepot dvSpes
Trai/res ojJirjXiKir) p.eyaOv^ov Tr^Xe/xa^oto.
365 >#a /ce Xe^aCfJi'rjv KoiXr) irapd vyl
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 43
vvv ' OLTap rjwOev /xeTa Kav/ccovas
el/x', ei>$a ^etd? /xot 6^>eXXerat, ov rt yeop ye
ovo' 6Xtyoi>. crv Se Touro^, evret reoi' t/cero Sa/>ta,
TTfji\ljoi> o~vv otypa) re /cat vtet 805 Se ot ITTTTOV?,
370 ot rot eXa^pdrarot Oeif.iv /cat Kctpros aptcrrot."
w? apa <f)0)VTJo-acr > aTrefir) yXav/cwm? '
<f>TJvy etSo/xeVrj OdfjL/Bos S* eXe Tra^ra? t
6av}ji.a. > v 8' 6 ycpcuos, OTrcej? tSe^ 6^>^aX/
T^Xe/xa^ou S* eXe ^eipa, CTTOS r* ec^ar' e/c T* o
375 " a) <^>tXo5, ou ere 0X770, KOLKOV /cat ai'aX/ctt' ecrecr^at,
et 817 rot vew cSSe #eot Tro/xTT^e? eirovrai.
ov peis yap Tt? 08' dXXo? 'OXv/xTrta Sco^tar* e
dXXa Ato? OvyaTrjp, /cuSier-n? rptroyeWta,
^ rot /cat 7rare)o' ecrOXov eV 'A/jyetotcrtt' ert/xa.
380 aXXa dvacrcr' I\.y0i, StSw^t Se /xot /cXe'os e<rO\6v,
avT(o /cat 7ratSecr<Tt /cat atSot^ Trapa/cotrt
crot 8* av eyw /5e^a> fiovv r\viv evpvfJLeramov
, r}v ov ira) VTTO tvyov riyayev avijp
rot eya> /oeifet) -^pvcrov KcpacrLv Tre/ot^eua?."
385 a><? et^ar' ev^d/aei/os, TOV 8' e/cXve ITaXXa? '
rolcriv 8' rjyefjioveve Tepujvios imroTa Necrrw/3,
vtdcrt /cat ya/xy8yootcrtv, ed -TT/DOS Sahara /caXd.
dXX* ore Swyna^' IKOVTO dya/cXvrd roto dt'a/cro?,
efet'r^? e^ovro /card /cXicr/xovs re Opovovs re
390 rots 8' 6 yepa)v \0ovo~iv ava KprjTrjpa, Kpao~o~v
olvov ^SvTroVoto, ror ev8e/cdro> e^tavrw
a)i^ev rafjiCr} /cat aTro KpijoejJLVOv e\vo~ev
TOV 6 yepojv Kprjrrjpa /cepdcrcraro, TroXXd 8* 'A0rjv
ev\T J a.Tro(nrev(i)v Kovprf Ato? atytd^oto.
395 avrap erret cnrei(rdv re TrtW ^', ocrot' r)0e\e Ovpos,
oi xef /ca/c/cetot're? eySai^ ot/cd^Se e/cacrro?,
44 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
rov 8' avrov /cot/ATicre repr^tog tTTTrora Ncorwp,
' fyiXov vlov 'OSfcrtr^o?
eV \f.^lecrcnv VTT aWovay
400 Trap 8' dp' ev^a/x ekivjv IletcrtcrT/oaroi' op^a^ov di>Bpa)v,
o<? ot eV lyt^eo? TrcuS&w ^i^ e^ /xeyapotcrtv.
avro? S' avre /ca^evSe ftv^w So/xou v\]rY)XoLO,
rw S' aXo^o? 8e<T7rot^a Xe^og iropcrvve /cat tvvrjv.
^05 S' rfpLyeveia (frdvir) poSoSa/cruXo? 'Hw?,
405 copvvr ap* e vvrj<f>i Fep^Vto? ITTTTOTO. Necrra)/),
e/c S' \0o)v /car' ap' e^er' CTTI ^ecrrotcrt \Woicriv,
ot ot eo~av irpoirdpoiBe Ovpdwv vi//r^Xaw^
Xeu/cot, (X7rocrTtX|8o^Te? dXetc^aro? of? evrt
Ni^Xev? L^ > (TKi' 0e6(f)LV fJLT](TTa)p draXavro?
410 dXX* 6 /ze> 17877 K^pt Sa/xet? 'AtSocrSe /S
NeVrwp au TOT' l<f>lE,6 Teprjvios, ovpog '
(TKrJTrrpov e^ajv. Trept 8' ute? doXXee?
IK OaXafMcov eX^wre?, 'E^e^pwv re Srparto? re
Ilepcrev? T' *Apr)To<; re /cat dvrt^eo?
415 roto~t 8' CTret^' e/cros Ilto'to~rpaTO9
Trap 8' dpa Tr^Xejaa^oi' ^eoet/ceXov elcrav
roto~t Se fjiv0an> ypx Tep^to? tTTTrora NeVrcop
" /cap7raXt)u,aj9 yu.ot, reWa <^tXa, Kp^va
oc/>p' 7^ rot 7rpo>rto"ra ^eaiz/ tXctcrcroja' '
420 r) /xot ei/apyr)? T^X^e ^eou e? Satra #dXetai>.
ixxJ^Se \ O/O>>NO J /
aAA. ay o p,ev Treotoi'o 7rt povt' trw, oq>pa ra^tcrra
eKOrfcriv, eXdcry Se ySowv eVi/3ov/<oXos
ef? 8' eVt Tr^Xe/xa^ou p,eya^v/xou ^a
TrdVras twv erdpov? dye'rw, XtTreVw 8e 8v' otou?
425 el? 8' av xP va ' X ov Aa^pkea Sevpo
eXdelv, 6(f>pa ^8009 xpvcrov Kepacru/
OV\\ / > \ \ / V O>*
ot o aAAot /xe^er aurou aoAAee?, et?rare o etcrw
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 45
Kara Soj/xar' dya/cXvrd Sacra 7reVeo-#ai,
eSpas re uXa r' d/A<t /cat dyXaoz' ourlftCP tSa>p."
T * i /) c O> ' ' T\ /) x * rt
430 cj? e<pa# , OL o apa vra^re? e7rot7n>voi>. "qXve pev ap povs
erapoi /xeyaXi^ropos, r^X^e 8e
e^cov ^aX/ci^ta, Treipara
d T (T(f>vpdv T IvTroCrjTOV re
435 olcrLv re ~pvcrov etpya^ero r^X^e S'
yepwv 8' trrTT^Xara
6 8' eTretra y8oo? Kepacnv
, Iv ayaX/za ^ea Ke^dpoLTO tSovcra.
8* ayerrfv Kepdutv Xrparto? K-al Sto? 'E^e<
440 yepvLfioL Se o-(^)' ^Ap^ro? ev dvOefioevn Xeftrjn
v IK Oa\d/jiOLO (frepcov, erepr) 8' e^ei^ ovXa?
Kawcqt. Tre'Xe/cw Se /ae^eTrroXe/Lto?
iv X L P^ TraplcrTaTO fiovv
8* dfjiviov et^e. yepoiv 8' tTTTT^Xdra
445 ~)(ipvi,fid r' ovXo^vra? re /carT/p^ero, vroXXa 8' *
eu^er' aTrap^ojaevo? /ce^aX^? rpt^a? ez/ 7rv/3t
avrdp eVet /)' cvgairo /cat ouXo^vra? Trpo/3d\ovTo.
avrt/ca Necrropog vto? vTrep
ri\acr.v ay^t crra? TreXe/cv? 8* a7re'/coi//e
450 ay^cvtov^ Xvcret' Se /3oo9 pevos. at S' 6XoXvat>
^uyarepe? re z^vot re /cat atSotr^ Trapa/cotrt?
NeVropo?, EvpuSt/cry TrpecT/Ba RXv^aeVoto Ovyarpfov.
ol fjiev eVeir* di/eXovre? aTro
ecr^o^ drdp (T<f>dei> Ileto-tV
455 r^9 8' eVet e'/c fjicXav af/za /5vT7, XtTre 8* ocrr4a
all/;' apa jut^ Ste^eua^, ai(j>ap 8' e/c fjLrjpia rdfivov
TrdvTa /card fjLotpav, Kara re Kvicrr)
StVrv^a TrotT^cra^re?, CTT' auraii/ S'
46 HOMER'S ODYSSEY III.
M > \ "f C / i \ O> /) ?
/cate o CTH 0*^1^179 o yepuv, e?rt o awoira owov
460 Xet/2e* ve'ot Se Trap' aurop exoi> 7re/x7rco/3oXa ^epa-tV.
avrap eVet Kara fJLrjpa /car? /cat o-TrXdy^a Trdcravro,
fjLi<TTv\X6v r apa raXXa /cat d/u,^)' ofiekola-w irLpav,
a>7TT(ov S' oLKpoiropov 1 ; 6/3e\ous e^ ^eptrlv
ro(f>pa Se T^Xe/xa^oz/ Xoucrev
465 NeVropos OTrXorar^ dvyar^p
aura/o eVet XovcreV re /cat ^xpiGrev XLTT eXatw,
a/Lt(^)l 8e /xt/^ (apo5 KaXbv y
K p acrafjLLvOov flrj Se/xa? (WavdroLcrLv o
Trap S* o ye Ne'crrop* twi^ /car' a/3* e^ero, iroLfjLeva. \aa)i>.
470 ot 8' eTret atTTTrjcrav /cpe" vTrcprepa /cat epvcraiTO,
& / / f y / > \ ^> ^ > /1\ N
oawvvu e^OjLtei'ot em o avepes ecr^Xot opovro
olvov otvo^oev^re? eVt ^/jucre'ot? SeTrctecrcrtv.
avrap eVel Trocrto? /cat eS-^ruos e epoi' eVro,
rotcrt Se [jLvOaiv ^px repi^f to? tTrvrora Netrrw/>
475 " TratSe? e/xot, aye T^Xe/xa^w /caXXtr/ot^ag ITTTTOV?
y/>/]>ci>v >v v / eO
Lfvqau v<f> ap/xar ayot're?, t^a Trprjcra-Yjcriv oooto.
T I /!> O> " * /\ \ \ / > O v '/)
w? e^)at/ , ot o apa rov ttaAa ttet' K\VOV yoe TTIUOVTO,
/cap7raXt/xa>5 8' eevav ixfS appao'iv w/ce'as
eV 8e yw>) ra/LttT; CTLTOV /cat ou/oi' e6r)Kv
480 ot/a re, ota ISovcrt Storpe^ees /3a<rtXrye5.
cu/ 8' apa T^Xe'/aa^o? Trept/caXXe'a ySifcrero
Trap 8' apa Ne<rropt8775 ITetcrtcrrparo? op^a/txo? a
es $i(f)pov r aveftaLve /cat T^fta Xa^ero
/xacrrt^ev 8' ekaav, TCO 8* ov/c de/covre
485 e'? vreStW, XnreT^v 8e IIvXou atTrv TTTo\U9pov.
ot Se 7ravi7/xeptot o"etof ^iryov ct/x<ts e^ofre?.
Sucrerd r' ^e'Xto? o"/ctoo<wro re Tracrat dyvtat,
e? 4>77pa5 8' t/co^ro Ato/cX^o? Trort Sw/xa,
uteos 'OprtXd^oto, roi/ 'AX^eto? re x /ce TratSa.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 T. 47
490 evOa 8e VVKT aecrav, 6 Se rot? Trap euaa 6f)K.v.
rjfJLOS 8' ^yotyeVeta (frcwr) ^oSoSa/cruXos 'Hois,
ITTTTOUS re tpbyvvvT dvd 0'apfjLa.Ta TTOLKL X' efiaivov
[e/< 8' IXacraf TrpoOvpoio Kal aWovays e/3t8ov?7ov.]
/LtacrTi^ef 8* eXdav, ra> 8' ou/c de/co^re 7reT(T0r)V.
495 t^oz' 8' ? TreStoi' Trvpyfftopov, i>0a 8'
^01^ 6Soz> roiov yap vTTK<j)epov at/ceie?
Svcrero r' ^e'A.tos cr/aoooj/ro re 7ra(rat dyutat,
OMHPOT OATSSEIAS A.
To. eV Aa/ceSat/xoi'i.
ot 8' lov /cotX^z/ Aa/ceSat'xioi'a
Trpos 8' apa Saj/xar' eXuv M.eve\.dov /cvSaXttuuo'
rov 8' evpov Sao/tWa ydfiov TroXXoto'ti' errjcnv
vteo? Se Ovaros dauxo^o? a et*i ot/ca>.
vtet
ev poirj 'yap irpwrov VTre^ero /cat KaTvev<rev
roicnv Se ^eot ydpov e^ereXetoi/.
ap' o y* e^^' ITTTTOKTI KCLL ap^ao-i Tre/xTre
npoTL acrrv TrepiKXvTov, OICTLV avacrcrei'
10 vte't 8e ^TrdprrjOev 'AXe/crojOo? ^yero Kovprjv,
os ot r^Xuyero? yeVero /cparepo? MeyaTreV^s
CK 80^X179 'EXeVi^ 8e ^eot yovoi^ ou/cer' e<f>aLvov,
eVet S>) TO irpwrov eyeivaro TratS' pa.Teivr)v,
'RpjjLioitrjv, f) eI8o? e^e ^/ovo-e^s 'A(^po8 17179.
15 wg ot /xe^ Sat^u^ro /ca0' vt//e/>e^)e5 /xeya Swtta
yetrove? ij8e erat Mei^eXaov KfSaXtttoio
iiera 8e cr^ti' e/xeXTrero #etos dotSos
, Sotw Se KV/3i<rTr)Trjpe /car* aurov?,
e^dp^ovTo^, z&ivevov /caret tteVorous.
20 ra> S* aur' et* npoOvpoLcn So/xcot' avrw re /cat
0* 17/00)9 /cat Neoropo? dyXao? vto?,
6 8e TT/oo/xoXa)^ tSero /cpetW '
r<t)v MeveXdov /cu8aXt/xoto,
>7 8* ttiet' dyyeXean/ Sta Sa>/xara Trot/xeVt
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 49
25 ay^ov 8' tord/xej/os eVea irrepoevTa Trpocrrjv&a
" aVcu 817 rive TwSe, Stor/>e</>es w Mez/e'Xae,
ai/S/ae 8uw, yever) Se Ato? /xeydXoto ex/crop.
dXX* etTr', 17 cr<f)(ow /caraXuo-otiei' w/ceas ITTTTOU?,
^ aXXo*> 7re^t7TGjju,ev i/cai^e/xev, 05 /ce <J>i\T]O"r)"
30 rot' Se /tey* o^^r^'cra? 7rpoa-e<j)r) av0os Mei^eXaos
" ou /tet' ^177710? rjcrOa, Bo^ 0oi$y 'Ereaj^ev,
TO Tr/att' ara/3 /.tef PT)^ ye TTCU? a>? wjma fid,ei<;.
r) per/ 8^ i/aJt ^ewrJLa TroXXa t^ayoVre
aXXwi' dv0pa>Tr(DV Sevp' t/co/M,e^', at /ce Tro^t Zev?
35 f^OTTLCTO) 7Tp TTaUCT^ Ot^UO?. dXXa Xv' tTTTTOU?
ewa)v, e? 8' aurovs irporepa) aye OoimqOrjvai"
o>9 <<#', 6 8e jj.eydpoi,o SiecroaTO, /ce/cXero 8' aXXovs
orpirjpovs 0epd7rovTa<s a/xa cnrecrBai eot avrw.
ot 8' tTrTrov? juef eXv&av VTTO vyov tSpw
40 /cat rev? //.e> /carcSrycrav e<^)' tTT
Trap 8' efiaXov {eta?, a^a Se /cpt Xev/cw e/
ap/xara 8' K\ivav TT/JO? eVwTTta
>\O>>^ /)^ ?' e^\sO/
avrov? o etcrr^yo^ t/etoi/ oopov. ot oe tooi
OavfJiCL^ov Kara 8a)/x,a Stor/aec^eo?
45 w? re ya/J i}eXtou a,iy\r) TreXev ^
Sai/xa /ca^' vi/;epe^)e5 Mei'eXaou /cuSaXt/xoto.
avTap eTret Ta.pir'rja'a.v opw^evoi 6
e? ya
rou? 8* eVet oui^ Sjtxwat Xovo~ai/ /cat ^plcrav eXaia>,
50 d/x<^t 8' dpa ^XatVa? ovXa? fiaXov ^8e ^troWs,
es /oa Bpovovs e^o^ro Trap' 'ArpefSi^t' Me^eXaoi/.
a 8' ct/xt^tTToXo? Trpo^oa) eTre^eve <j>epov(ra
^pvcreirf inrep dpyvpeoio Xe'/Sr^ro?,
vfyacrOai Trapd 8e ^ecrrrjv Irdwcrcre Ty3aVeaz>.
65 crtroi/ 8* atSotiy ra/xfy Trape^/ce <f>pov(ra,
50 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
etSara TrdXX' eVt#eto~a
Satrpo? Se xpeiwv TrtVa/cas Trap0r)Kev
TravTOicov, Trapa Se cr<t rt$et ^pvcreia
TO) /cat Set/a/u/xei'o? vrpocre^ av9o<s Me^ eXao<?
60 " crt'rov #' aTrrecrOov KOI -^aiperov. aura/3 eVetra
SeiWou TracrcrajLtei/fo elprjcro/jieO^, ol rtve? eVrov
av^pwv ov yap (T(f>a)v ye yeVcs aTroXcuXe ro/c^w^,
dXX' dvBpwv yevos ecrre Stor/ae^e'&ji/ /3acrtX^ajf
(TK7)TTTOV)((Dl>, CTTCt OV /C Ktt/COt TOtOUCrSe TKOiV."
65 w? (f)dro, /cat cr<ii> vaira ySoo? Trapa Triova O^Kev
OTTT eV ^epcriv eXwi/, ra yoa ot ye'pa irdpOe&av avra>.
ol 8' CTT* oveiaO* erot/xa
avrap eVet vrocrtos /cat e'Sr^rvo? e'^ e/>oi> e^ro,
87) rare T^Xe/aa^o? Trpocre^ca^ee NeVropo? vtoi/
70 ay^t cr^wv K6(f>a\ijv, Iva pr) TTvdota0 > ot aXXot
o, Neo-roptSry, ra> e^aw
re crrepoTryv /caS Sw/xara
\pvcrov r rjXeKrpov re /cat dpyvpov 7)8'
Zr^^o? TTOU rot^Se y* 'OXu/xTTtov ei'So^e^ av\yj,
75 oo~o"araS' do"7rera TroXXa o~e/3a<; ^ e^et eicropoaivra.
TOV 8' ayo|oevoi'ro' ^vvero t;av6o<; MeveXao?,
/cat cr</>ea9 <f>wrj(Ta<; eirea Trrepoevra 7rpoo"qv$a
" re/cj/a <^>tX', 7^ rot Zryi't fipoTwv OVK av rt? ept^ot
dOdvaToi yap TOU ye 8d/xot /cat /crry/Ltar' eacriv
80 dvSpwv 8' 77 /ceV rt? /zot eptcro~erat 7}e /cat ov/ct
7^ yap iroXXa iraBtov /cat vrdXX'
eV vyvcri /cat oySodrw eret rj\6ov,
Kvirpov ^?QIVIKT]V re /cat AtyvTrrtou?
At^toTTCt? $' [KO^V /cat ^tSo^tov? /cat
85 /cat Ai/3vr)v, Iva T dpves d<j>ap Kepau
yap rt/cret /xT^Xa reXeo-(/>d/oof et9 eVtaurdv.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 51
v9a. pels ovre ava eVtSeuT)? ovre rt Trot^i/
rvpov /cat Kpeiwv ouSe yXv/ce^oio ydXa/cros,
dX,V atet 7rap)(ov(TU' eV^erai'o^ ydXa 6rjcr0(u.
90 etos ey&> Trept Ktiva iroXvv /SioTov crvvoLyttpaiv
-qXaipyv, reico? jitot dSeX^>oi> aXXo? 7T(f>vev
XdOprj, avaiicrri, SdXw ouXojueV^? dXo^oto
w? ou rot ya.ip(DV rotcrSe /crearecro't^ aj>ct(Tcra>.
/cal Trarepcov rctSe yaeXXer' aKoveptv, ot rtve? v/xw/
95 eicrus, eVet /xcxXa TroXXa, TrdOov, /cat aTrojXecra ol/cov
eu jaaXa ^atercxo^ra, /ce^az^Sora TroXXa, /cat e'cr^Xct.
c5f 5(f)eXov TpiTOLT-qv Trep e^oiv iv Sw/xao-t po'ipav
vaiew, ot 8' aVSpe? croot e^^vai, ot TOT' oXoiro
Tpotr; eV evptir) e/ca? v Apyeos t7T7ro/3oToto.
100 dXX' efJLTrrjS TrdWas /xei' o^vpo^vo^ /cat d^eucui'
7roXXct/ct<? eV jaeyctpoto~t KaBn]p.evo^ rm.Tepoi<Tw
aXXoTe /xeV TC yow (frpeva Tepvro/xat, aXXoTe S' avre
Trauo/zat ati/n^/oo? 8e Kopos Kpvepolo yooto
TWZ/ TrdvToov ov rocr(Tov oftvpofjiai d^^v/xez^o?
105 a)<? et'd?, 05 Te jaot VTTVOV OLTre^OaLpet, /cat e8
fjivwofjieva), eTret ou TIS 'A^atwi/ Too~o~a
V > >/^O \/ \V <^O>
ocriT Oovo~ev9 e/xoyi7o~e /cat tjparo. TOJ o
/^ ^ /) 3 \ O V \ V\
/cryoe eo"eo~C7at, e/x,ot o a^o? aiei/ aKacrrov
, O7TW9 8r) Sypov aTrot^erat, ov8e Tt tS/xci/,
110 ^wet O y* ij T*&W\K.&* oftvpovTCLi vv TTOV avTov
ff o yepcov /cat l^.<^pwv n^i^eXoTreta
? ^', 6> eXetTre i^eot' yeyaa)/ ei^t ot/cw."
To, TO> 8' dyoa 7raT/3O5 u^>' ifjiepov atpcre ydoto.
8d/cpv 8' aTTO (3\<f)dp(ov ^a/xctSt? /3dXe Trarpos d/coucra?,
115 xXat^av Tropfftvperjv O.VT 6<j)0a\p.oui>
^epcrt. vorjcre 8e /ati
8' eTreiTa /caTa oeVa /cat /caTa
52 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
7?e' put avrov Trarpos e'acrete (jLi>r]cr07Ji>cu
77 Trpoir' e^epe'otro eftoora re TreipT^cratro.
120 efo? 6 Tau#' cop/xati/e /cara <peVa /cat /caret
e/c o EXeV7 6a\dfj.oio dvcofteos v\tyop6<boi.o
ri\v0.v 'Apre/xtSt ^pucn^Xa/caroj et/cvtct.
r^ 8' ap' a/x' *ASpijcrT-r) K\icrL
'AX/ctTTTT^ Se rctTT^ra <f>4pev /xaXa/cou eptoio,
125 4>iX&> 8' apyvpeov rdXapov <j)pe, rov ol
, IIoXu/3oio Sdfjiap, 65 ei/at' eVt
iT^?, o^t TrXetcrra So/xot? eV Krif/xara /cetrat
o? Me^eXaw 8w/ce Sv' dpyvpeag ac
Soious 8e rptVoSa?, Se/ca 8e -^pvcrolo
8' av#' 'EXei^ aXo^o? Trope /caXXt/Aa
r ^Xa/car^v rdXapov 6* VTTOKVK\OI> oiracrcrfv
dpyupeov, ^pvcru S' eVt ^etXea
roV pa ot djji(f)iTTO\o<; <J>i>X&j irape0r)K
aurap eV avraJ
135 iyXaKaY7 rerai'vcrro toSvee^e? elpos e^ovcra.
ee7"o o' eV /cXto"/>tw, VTTO Se 0pf)vv<; irocriv rftv.
avrt/ca 8' 17 y' eVeeo-Q-t Trocrtv epeetz/ei> e/cacrra
" tSyu,ev Sry, MeveXae Storpe<^e5, ot rti'e? ot8e
dvopwv eu^erow^rat t/cave//,/ rf^irepov Sw;
140 r//evcro/>iat ^ erv/jiov epe&>; /ceXerat Se
ov yap TTOJ rtva ^/xt eot/cora wSe t8e
our a^op' oure yvvaiKa, o~e/8a9 //.' e^et eto-opo&jo-ai>,
a>5 oo' *OSvcro~r)os /zeyaX^ropo? vtt eoiKev,
T^Xe/xa^a), rw eXetTre veoi/ yeyaair' e^t ot/cw
145 Keti/o? aivrip, or' e'/aeto /cu^wTTtSo? et^e/c' 'A^atot
)* e ^rri' '\ /) \ /
VTTO Lpoirfv TroAe/xof t/pacrw op/xat^o^re?.
S' aTra/xet^o/Lte^os Trpocre^ ^avOos Me^eXao?
ourai wi' /cat eyw i/oea, ywat, w? o~u eto"/cet?
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 53
KCLVOV yap rotot'Se TrdSe? rotatSe re
150 6(f)0a\fjiwv re /SoXat K<f>a\rj r e<j>v7rep0t re
/cat i/Oj' 17 rot eyw
, ocra /ceu>o<?
eyaot, aurap 6 iriKpov VTT 6<f)pv(TL Sa/cpvoi' elftev
155 ro^ 8' au Ne<rropt8i7? TTetcrtcrrparo? dvrtot'
Mei/eXae Storpe^e?, op^a/ae Xawv,
/xev rot 08' vto? er^rv/xoi^, a)? dyopevet?
dXXa croLofypaiv eo~rt, ve^crcraraiL 8' eft
wS' eXOcov TO TTpMTov e7Teo~)8oXta5 di/a
160 aWa <riOev, rov van 0ov w? repirofjieO' av$f).
avrap e'/ae TrpoerjKe FepryVto? tTTTrdra Neo-rw/5
rw a/xa TTO^TTOV eVeo-^at e'eXSero yap o~e tSe
6(j>pa ol TJ rt CTTO? vTroBtjo'eat rje rt epyov.
TroXXa yap aXye' e^et Trarpo? Trdt? ol^o^evoLO
165 eV /xeydpot?, w //,>) dXXot doo~o~^rrjpe9 eiwcrtv,
a>? wv TrjXepd^a) 6 /xeV ot^erat, ovSe ot dXXot
eto~', ot /cet /caret S^/xov dXctX/cote^ /ca/cdrr^ra."
rw 8' drrajjiL/36iJLevo<s upotretf)?) ^avBos Me^eXao?
" w TTOTTOt, -^ /xdXa 8^ <f>i\ov avepos uto? e/xov Sw
170 t/ce^', 65 etfe/c' e/xeto TroXea? e'/xd
/cat /ui> e^t' ekOovra (f)i\r)cre[j.v
'Apyetiwi', et vaiti' v?retp dXa ^dcrrov
z^ucrt Borfcri yeve&dai 'OXv/^TTto? evpvoTra Zev?.
/cat /ce ot "Apyet vdcrcra iroXiv /cat Sw/utar' erevfa,
175 e 'I^ct/cr^? dyay&j^ crw KTrjfJLacn /cat re/cet w
/cat Trdo'tt' Xaotcrt, /xta^ TrdXti^ e^aXaTrd^as,
at Treptfaterdovcrtv, dvdo~o"o^rat 8' e'/xot avrw.
/cat /ce #CI/A' eV^dS' e'dz^re? e/xto-yd/xe^' ou8e' /cez/ '
dXXo Ste'/cptvef <^>tXe'oi^re re rcpirofiQKO re,
54 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
180 Trpiv y ore 877 Ba.vdroio fj,e\av vefy
dXXd rd /xeV TTOV jiieXXez> dydo~o~ecr$at $eo9 avrds,
6? KtLVOV ^VO'TrjVOl' avOCTTLfJiOV olov e6r)KV."
w? <f>a,To, rourt Se Trdcrtz/ v<' t/xepoi' wpcre yooto.
/cXate /aei^ 'Apyet^ 'EXe^, Atos e/cyeyavta,
185 /cXate Se Tr^Xe/xa^o? re /cat 'Arpet'Sr;?
Necrropo? uio? aSaKpvTO)
yap /cara dvpov d/xu/xot-o? '
'Hov? e/cretve <^>aetv^5 dyXao? vto?
rov o y' eTTt/xi'^o'^et? eVea Trrepde^r' ayopevev
190 " 'ArpetS^, Trept yu,e^ ere fiporwv ireTrvv^ivov elvat,
Necrrajp <f>dcr^ o yepajv, 6V eirtfJivrja-aifjieOa treto
ofcrtv eVt /xeydpotcrt, /cat dXXi^Xov? epeoifiev
/cat iw, et rt TTOV ecrrt, iriOoio (JLOL ov yap eyw ye
repTro/x* 6Supd/xe^o5 /xeraSopTTto?, aXXa /cat
195 ecrcrerat ypiyeveia re/xecrcrw/xat ye /xeV ov
K\aiiv, o? /ce 6dvfl(TL j3poTO)v /cat TTOT^OV
TOVTO w /cat yepa? oto^ 6ttpot(rt (BpoToicriv,
Kipacr0ai re /CO/XT^V ySaXeetv r' aTro Sct/cpu Trapetcui/.
/cat yap e/xo? TeOvvjKev d8eX^>eo5, ou rt /cd/cicrro?
200 'Apyetiwv /xeXXets 8e <ru t8/xevat ov yap eyw ye
'* ov8e t8ov Trept 8' aXXeoi'
, Trept /xe> Oeieiv ra^vv rjSe
S' aTra/xet^d/xe^o? 7rpocr(f)rj av0o<; Mev eXao?
exret rdo~a etTre?, oo~' av TreTT^u/xev
205 etTrot /cat pe^ete, /cat o Trpoye^ecrrepo? 117
rotov yap /cat Trarpd?, o /cat TreirvviJiZva /3aet5.
peta 8' dpty^wro? ydvo? cu/epos, w re
oXySoi' eVt/cXwo~ry ya/xeoz^rt re yetvo/xei/&> re,
a>9 I'w Neo-ropt 8w/ce Sta/xirepe? T7/xara TTOLVTCL
210 avrov fjifv XtTrapw? y^pao~/ce/xe^ ey tieydpoto'ti',
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 55
vteas av TTII/UTOU? re /cat ey^ecrtz/ etrat ptcrrous.
T7/iei<? Se K\av0fjiov fj.v edo-o/aez>, 6?
Sopvrou 8' e^avrts /A^^crw/xe^a, X e P (T>L ^ *$'
XevdvTuv. fJivOoi Se /cat ywOiv Trep ecrovTou
215 TT/jXefJid^a) /cat e/x,ot StaetTre/xei/ a
p y/ >' J\' O*> O ) \
ojg e<par , Ao"0aAta)i/ o ap vdcop e?rt
oTprjpbs BepoiTTtov MeveXaou /cvSaXt/xoto.
ot 8' eV' ovetaO' erotyota Trpo/cet/xet'a ^etpa? taXXoi/.
/)> -y>v\\>>/ i e n \ / .\ s
eve/ avr aXX ei/o^cr EXefiy Ato? e/cyeyavta.
220 avrtV ap' et? oT^of ^8aXe <f>dpnaKoi>, .v6ev
vr)TTv0S r' a^oXoi' re, /ca/ca^ eTTiXrjdov aTra
05 TO /caraySjOo^ete^, e?r^ /cpr^rrjpt //.tyen?,
ou /cev e'^)T7/xe/)to9 ye /3aXot /cara Sa/cpu
ovS' et 01 /carare^atr; fJ-^T^p Te Trarifp re,
225 ovS* et ot irpOTrdpOLQev d8eX<^eo^ ^ <f>l\ov vlov
^aX/ca> S-^towev, 6 8' o^>6a\^oi(Tiv opwro.
rota Ato? Owydrrip e^e <j>dpjj.aKa /x^rtoevra
a, ra ot IloXvSaja^a Tropev aii/os Trapa/cotrts
T^ TrXeto-ra <^e'pet ^etSwpo? dpovpa
230 (j>dpjjiaKa t TroXXa /aez/ e'cr#Xa /xe/xty/zeVa TroXXa Se \vypd-
nyrpo? Se e/cao~ros eTrtcrra^evo? Trept
dvBpcoTTOJv y yap Ilat^oi'o? etcrt
avrap eVet p' eVeVy/ce /ce'Xeuo-e' re ot
e'^avrt? fjLv0oi(TLv d/xetySo/x-e^ TrpocreetTrei/
235 " 'ArpetSi^ MeveXae 8torpe<^e9 ^Se /cat otSe
di^Spaiz/ (T0\a>v 7ratSe<?, drap ^eo? aXXore dXXw
Zeu? dya^ot' re KOLKOV re StSot. Swarat yap
^ rot z/vi> 8atVvo~^e Ka^rJ/xevot e^ jueyctpoio"a>
/cat p.v@OL<; Tcptrecrde eot/cora yap /caraXe^itu.
240 TrdvTa /LieV ou/c a^ e'y&> /Jivdtja-ofJLaL ovS' o
oo-crot 'OSucrcr^o? raXao-t^po^o? etcrti' de^Xot
56 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
\ \ T '&> * \ * \ \>\
aAX oiov TOO epege /cat T\r) /cayorepo5 avy
JJLLV irXrjyrjo'LV det/ceXtTjcrt Sa/xacro'a?,
245 o-Tretpa KOLK a^ t5/Aotcrt fia\a)i>, ot/c^t eot/cw?
avopwv Svcr/xe^ecov KareSu TroXt
8' avrov <<wrt Acara/cpvTrrajt'
r), 65 ouoev roto? 17^ eTTt vrjvcrlv
r<5 t/c\o /careSv Tpucov iroXiv ol S' d/3dKr)o~av
Traces eyw Se /AII> 0117 aviyvw rolov ed^ra,
KCU ^tt^ avip(t)TO)v 6 Se KepSoo-vvy dXeeivos.
dXX' ore o^ jtxtv eyaj Xoeoi' /cat XP^ OV e '^ a '-w,
t 8e et/xara ecrcra /cat a)fjLoo~a Kaprepov
255 7T/3iV ye TOI> e'? i/r}d? re ^00.5 /cXicrta? r' d<^t/ctc
/cat rdre Sr^ /xot vrai/ra vdoi^ /careXe^et' '
TroXXov? Se TpUKav /creti^a? ra^ai^/cet ^aX/ca>
^X^e /u,er' 'Apyetou?, /cara Se <f>poviv -^yaye
eV0' aXXat Tpwat Xty* IKWKVOV avrap e/xov
260 X a ^P '' ^ 7re ^ ^^^ / jtot KpaoLTj TerpaTrro veeo~9a.i
ai// ot/cwS', arryv Se /aerecrrez^ov, ^i/ 'A^poSinj
Sw^', ore /w,' riyay e/ceto~e (1X775 0.770 TrarptSo? 01775,
TratSa T* C/AT)^ voo-<f>io~o~a.[jLvirjv QdXafJiov re TTOCTLV re
ov rev $ev6fj.eL>ov, ovr' a/3 <peva5 ovre rt eI8o5."
265 TT)^ 8* d,7ra/xet^8d/xe^o5 Trpocre^r) j;a.vOos Me^eXao5 *
" m! 877 ravra ye Travra, ywai, icara n-olpav eet7r5.
77877 /ze^ TroXeoiv eSaT^y j3ov\.Tjv re vdov re
di/S/awt' ripaiwv, 7ro\\r)v 8' 7re\TJ\v0a ycuav
dXX' ov THU rotoOrov eywi/ t8ov 6<f)0a\fJLolo~iv,
270 ofo^ 'OSuo-o-7^05 raXao~t^)/oo^O5 ecr/ce
olov /cat rd8' epefe /cat erX77 /ca/srepo?
et't ^eo-rw, ti'' evijjjieda 7raVre5 dpto-rot
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 57
'ApyetW Tpatecro-i <j>6vov /cat Krjpa
y\0es eVetra crv /ceiae /ceXevcre/xez/at Se cr' e
275 Satjuaji', 05 Tpateorcnv e'/3ovXero /cvSo? ope
/cat rot A?7t<o/3o9 #eoet/ceXos ea-rrer iovcry.
T/HS 8e vreptcrret^a? /cotXoi'
ex 8' o^o/xa/cX^S^^ Aavaait
TrdvTcov 'A/jyetajt' <f>(i)vr)v tcr/covcr' dXo
280 avrap eyw /cat TuSetSry? /cat Stos 'O
iv /xecrcroicru' d/covcra/xet', a>5
YI e'^cX^c/xevat ^ e^So^ev air/;' uTra/covcrat
dXX' 'OSvcrev? KarepvKe /cat ecr)(0ev te/xei/w vrep.
285 ev^' aXXot /Ltef Trdire? d/c^v ecrav vte?
Avrt/cXo5 Se ere y' olo? d/xeu/;a(r^at eVe
dXX' 'O8u(revs CTTI /u,dcrra/ca ^epcrl
Kparepyo-i, crawae 8e TraVra?
r6<f>pa 8' e^', o^)/3a ere vocrfyiv airriyauye IlaXXds '
290 TOI^ 8' au T^Xe/xa^o? TreTr^ujLtefos O.VTIQV ryuSa-
ry Mei'eXae Storyae^e?, op^a/xe Xaaii^,
ov yap ot rt rd y' ^p/cecre \wypov 6\e6pov,
ouS' et ot KpaSfy ye (Ti$r)per) evboBev yev.
\\> > r //>/ wi ^
aXX ayer et? eDi'r)^ rparreu ly/xea?, otppa /cat
295 VTTVO) VTTO yXv/cepw rapTTw/xe^
0)5 ei^ar', 'ApyetT^ 8' 'EXeV 1 ^ S/jtaj^o~t
t' VTT' aWovcrrj Oe^evai /cat pijyea /caXct
efji/SaXeetv o"ropecrat
T' eV^e/xei/at ovXa? KaOvirepOev
300 at 8* to~ai^ e/c /xeydpoto 8do? /xerct -^epcrlv e^ovo~at,
Se/x^ta Se (rropeo'a.v, e/c 8e fet^ov? d'ye Krjpv.
ot /u,ei/ dp' eV 7r/3o8o/x6j Sd/xov avroOi KOifM^cravTO,
' T7/3&J5 /cat Ne'crropo? dyXao? vtds
58 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
8e /
305 Tra/3 8' 'EXeVq rawTreTrXog eXe'^aro, 8ta
8' -rjpiytveia <J>dvr) yaoSoSa/crvXos '
etttara ecrcra/xez'os, TTC/H 8e
TTOcrcrt 8' UTTO XtTrapoicrti/ eSi^craro KaXa Tre'SiXa,
310 y8ry 8' t/ACi' e/c ^aXa/xoto ^ea> e^aXty/cto?
8e Trapit^v, eTrog r' e<ar' e/c r
8e ere XP L ^ ^p'
? Aa/ceSat/xova Stew eTr' evpea VWTO.
Stjfjaov r} iSiov ; ro8e /xot ^/xepreg VLcnre<;.
315 TOI> 8* au T^Xe/aa^o^ TTCTrw/xeVo? O.VTLOV
rf\.v6ov, 6i nvd ju-ot /cX^^Sd^a Trarpo?
ecr#i'erat /xoi oT/co?, oXwXe 8e Triova eyoya
8' a.v$pwv TrXeio? Sd/u,o?, ot re /AOI atet
' ctStva cr^a^oucrt /cat etXiVoSas eXt/ca?
e/x^? fJu>r)(TTr)p<s vireppiov vfBpiv
rowe/ca vvv ret o~a yovvaff t/cdVo/xat, at /c'
\vypov 6\e6pov evicnrelv, ei TTOV
reotcrtv ^ aXXou ^vOov a/coucra?
325 TrXa^o/xei^ov Trept yap jaw' oitppov re/ce
fjivjSi rt //,' atSd/xevo? /xetXtorcreo
OtXX' CU jLtOt KOLTaX^OV, O7T&>5
Xtcr0"o/xai, et TTOTC rot rt Trarrjp e/xos ecr^Xo? '
^ eTros iye rt epyov vTrocrra? e'ere / Xecr<r>
330 Si^ttaj e^t Tp(oa)i>, oOi Tracr^ere Tn^/xar' 'A^atot,
raiv I'yi/ /not jjivfjcraL /cat ^tot ^/xepre? eVtcrTre?.
roi/ 8e jaey' o^^cra? Trpocre^r) av0os Me^eXao?
" a> TroTTOt, -^ ttaXa Sr) Kpasrepofapovo^ dt'S/oo?
r)0e\ov evwj&qtKM, dvaXK-tSe? aurot
MENELAUS.
r Vatican, Rome.)
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 A. 59
335 o>s 8' oTToV eV ^uXo^w eXa<o? Kpa.rf.poio Xe'ovro?
e^epe'rycrt KOI dy/cea
y, 6 8' eVetra 07^ ela"r]\v0ev evvtyv,
d/x<ore'/30to-t Se roto-ti^ det/cea TTOT^OV (f>rji<ei>,
340 a>9 'OSucrei;? KetVotcrtv det/cea TTOT^OV e<^r;cret.
a yct/5, e re Trre/3 /cat lpKWQ /cat
roTo? eci^, oto? TTOT' e'v/crixeVr eVt
e^ eptSo? ^tXa/xTyXetSr^ CTrdXatcre^
/cdS 8' e/8aXe /cparepai?, Ke^dpovro Se Trd^res '
345 roto? ea>^ ^LV^crrripcriv 6/xtX^cretef 'OSucrcreus
Trdire? /c' uKVfJLopoi re yevotaro Trt/cpoya/xot re.
raura 8', a /x,' etpwras /cat Xtcrcreat, ov/c ai^ eyw ye
dXXa Trape et7rot/xt 7rapa/cXt8o^, ou8*
dXXd rd /tei' /aot eetTre yepwv dXtos
350 rail/ ovSeV rot eya Kpv\lj(D CTTO? ov8' eTTt/cevcra).
/^' ert Seupo ^eot jae/xaaira i>eeo"0at
ou cr^)tv epea reXr^eVcras e/caro/x/8a?.
ot 8' atet ySovXovro ^eot fjiefjivrjcrBai e'^er/ne'wv.
i^Jo-os eVetra rt9 ecrrt TroXu/cXvcrra) eVt TTOVTCO
355 AtyvTrrou TrpoirdpoiOe, $>dpov Se e Kt/cXrycr/coucrti/,
rocrtro^ dVei>$', ocrcrov re Trav^^puY] yXa<^vp^ vr^v
yvvcrev, y Xtyv? ovpos Twrvtiri<Tiv oTTi(r9ev
iv Se \i[LT)v e'uo/3/otog, o^ei/ r' aTro ^a? etVa?
es TroWot' (3d\\ov<TLi>, d^vo-crd/xe^ot /xe'Xav uSwyo.
360 ei^^a ^' eet/cocrtf i^/xar* ex ov ^cot, ovSe Tror' ovpoi
fyaivovO* aXtaees, ot /5d re
yiyvovrai eir* evpia vura
/cat i/u /cev i^ita iravra KCLT<J>OLTO /cat
et /xi^ rts ju,e ^eoii' oXo<f>vpa,TO /cat /xe o~d<ucrev,
365 n/awreos l(f)0ifjiov 6vyaj"qp dXtoto
60 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
TTJ yap pa /AaXicrrd ye Ov^ov opiva.
rf p. 3 ot<w eppovn (TVVTJVTCTO vocr(f)Lv eraipoiv
atet yd^o irepi vfjcrov dXaj/xei'ot l^OvdacrKov
yva/XTrrois dy/a'crrpotcru', eret/>e Se yaorepa
370 17 Se fjitv a>y\i crrdcra eVo9 <f>a,TO (ftdtmrjcrev re
'^1777105 ets, a) ^et^e, Xt^v rdcrot' ^Se
^e e/ca>i/ /ute^tets KCU TepTreau aXyea
a>? S^ 817^' eV! vTJo~(p epvKeaL, ouSe rt
evpepevai Swacrcu, fj,a>v0L Se rot -^roy
375 w? ei^ar', avrap eycu /xtv d/AetySd/xei'o? Trpocreeiirov
' e'/c /Ltei/ rot epea), ^ rig cru Trep eo-<rt 0ed<t)v,
a5 eya> ou Tt e/ca)i> KarepvKOfjiaL, dXXd
a#ai>arovs dXtrecr^at, ot ovpavov evpw e
dXXa cru Trep /xot et;re, ^eot Se re trdvTa tcracru/,
380 09 rt9 /A* dOavaTaiv TreScta /cat eSrycre Ke\ev0ov,
VOCTTOV ff, a>? CTT! TTWTCW e'Xeucro/nat l^
a>9 tydfji'rjv, r) S' avrtV djaetySero Sta
' rotyd/3 ey<u rot, ^etve, /xdX* dr/je/cecog dyopev&a).
TT&jXetrat rt9 Seupo ytpcav dXto9
385 dBdvaros ITpcurev? Atyv7rrto9, 09 TC
irdo"rj<; fievOea otSe, ITocretSdaj^o9 v7
TW Se T' e/xdi> <fra.<Tiv Trarep* e/A/xe^at ^Se re/cecr^at.
rdv y' et ?rce)9 crv Swato Xo^crd/xet'og XeXa/3e(7^at,
09 /ceV rot Lirr)cnv 6$bv /cat jLier/aa
390 vo&Tov 3 , a>9 eTTt Trdvrot' eXeucreat
/cat Se' /ce' rot etTnjcrt, Storpe^e'9, at /c' tOeXy
orrt rot ev /xeydpoicrt KCLKOV r* ayaOov re re'rv/crat
ot^o/xeVoto creffev oaXffflW oSov dpyaXeyv re.'
a>9 e^>aT*, avrap eyw /atv d/xet/3d/
395 ' avrry PW <f>pd^v crv Xo^ov Oetoio
fjiij 7TW9 /te TrpoiS&v rje 7rpoSaet9 dXe'
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 61
dpyaXe'o5 yap r' e'crrl #eo5 /3/>oroj dvbpl
ai? e^dfjbrjv, 17 8' avriK d/xei/Sero Sta 0eda)is
' roiyap eyw rot, elve, ju,dX* drpK0)<s dyoptvcra).
400>7/xo5 8* iJe'Xtos [Ata-ov ovpa.vov
rrjp,o<s ap* e^" ctXog etcrt yepoov aXto? ^
TTVOlf) VTTO Zi(f)VpOlO jJicXaLVfl fyplKL Ka\V(f>0L<i,
IK 8' eXdcov Kot^drftt VTTO crTrecrcrt y\a<f>vpol<TLV
a/x<t 8e jtxa/ ^)WKat ^eVoS
405 dOpocn. evSovcru', TroXtrJ? dXo? e
CtXo?
ei'^a cr* eyw^ clyayovcra d/u,* i^ot
ewdcra) eeir<s <ru 8' ev KLva.(r6a.i
Kp
T/>et5, ot rot Trapd vyvalv eucrcreXjototcrtv d/ncrToi.
410 Trdvra 8e rot e/aea) 6Xo^>ata roto yepovros.
<^&)/ca5 ju,ev rot irpwrov dpt^/xTycret Kat
avrap eirrjv 7rdcra5 77e//.7racrcrTcu T^Se
Xe^erat eV ^ea'crrjO'L vofievs 0*5 Trwecrt
TOV fjiev eTTTjv 8^ irpwTa, KaTevvrjOlvTa
415 /cat ror* e7ri$' v/xtv jaeXera) /cdpro5 re /3t7y re,
au^t 8* e^eiv jae/xawra, /cat etrcru/xevw Trep
irdvTOi Se yiyvo^vo^ Tretpi^crerat, ocro"' eVt yalav
e/OTrerct yiyvovrai, /cat v$ojp /cat ^eo"7rt8ae5 TTV/S
u/>tet5 8' d(Tre/x<^66>5 e^lfj-ev fj.dX\6v re 7rieetz>.
420 dXX* ore /c> 817 cr' avro5 dveip-qrai eVeecrcrtJ>,
roto5 ea>f, otw /ce
/cat rare 8^ <T^ecr$at re ./3t^5 Xucrat re yepovra,
etpecr^at 8e, ^ea>v 05 rt5 ere ^
#*, a5 eVt TTOVTOV eXeucreat l
425 W5 etTTovcr' VTTO TrcWoz' e'Sucrero
avrap eywv et P"a?, o ecrracrav e
rjia, TToXXct 8e jLtot /cpaSt'r^ Trop<f)vpe /ctoi/rt.
62 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
aura/3 eVet p eVt vrja KarrjKvOov ^8e
', eVt
430 Sr) rare
->7/xos 8' iJptyeVeta c^dV^ poSoSd/cruXos 'Hw?,
/cat rdre 817 irapd Olva 6aXd(ra"r)<; evpviropoio
TJLO. TToXXa @ov<; yovvovfJLtvos - avrap eratpou?
rpet? ayoi', otcrt /xaXtcrra ireTroiOea traa-av cV t^w.
435 To<J>pa 8' dp' -^ y' uTroSucra 0a\da-(rr)S evpta. KO\TTOV
recrcrapa (f>a)Kda)V e/c TTOVTOV Sep/xar* eveiKev
irdvra 8' ecrai/ ^eoSapra 80X0^ 8' eTre/x^Sero Trarpt.
evvas 8' et^ i//ajaa^otcrt 8tayXai/;a(r' dXujcrw
-^crro pevovv 17/^6?? Se /xaXa cr^eSoi/ TJ\@O[JLI> CLV
440 e^eiT?? 8' evvrjcre, /3ctXev 8' CTTI Sep/xa e/cacrr&i.
eV$a K/ aivoraro? Xo^o? eTrXero retpe yap
<f)coKcia)v a\LOTp(f>eojv oXowraro? 6
Tt? yap K' etvaXtw Trapa /c^ret
dXX' aur^ ecrdwcre /cat e^pdcraro /xey* wetap
445 dfjiflpoo'i'rjv virb plva /cdo"ra> ^K"e ^epovcra
i^Su /xaXa TrveLOVcrav, oXecrcre Se /agrees 68^,17^.
Trctfrav 8' rjofyv jueVo/xev TT\TJOTL ^v/xw
<f>o)Ka.L 8' e'^ dXo? rj\0ov doXXe'e?. at /uev evretra
e^? ewd^ovro Trapd py]y^lvi ^aXdcro"^?
450 eVSio<? 8' 6 yepwv r)X0 y e' dXo?, eupe Se
^arpe^e'as, Tracra? 8' dp' eTrw^ero, XeVro 8' d
Iv 8* T^e'ag Trpwrou? Xeye KTJTecriv, ouSe' Tt 0Vfj.(t>
a)i(rdr) SoXoi^ etvat eVetra Se Xe/cro /cat avros.
eO>>' //)>>|N^N
7)ju,t<? oe ta^o^res CTrecro-v/xec/ , a/A(pi oe
455 ftaXKofMev ovS' 6 yep(i*v 80X1^9 eVeXi^ero
dXX' ^ rot Trpomcrra Xewv yeVer' i^vyeVeto?,
avrdp eVeira Spd/ccJv /cat 7rdp8aXt9 ^8e jute'yas cru?
yty^ero 8* vypov vSwp /cat SeVSpeo^
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 63
t? 8' dcrre/A^e'eo? e^o/AO/ rerX^ort
\ \ > " ^ x /} c / >\ i/ >o /
460 aAA. ore Or) p ai/tat, o yepaw oAcxpoKa eiow?,
/cat Tore 81? p eVe'eo-o-ii> dvetpo/nefo? Trpocre'etTrei'
' rt? w rot, 'Arpe'o? vte, #eaif crv/x^cxo-a-aro y
o(f>poi JJL eAots ae/co^ra Xo^rjcrdp.evo<s ; reb ere
a>? (f>a.T\ avrap eyco /Atv djLtet/8o/
465 ' olo-ffa, ytpov rt /ae ravra TraparpOTretov e/3ti/et5 ;
a>5 8^ S?^ et't vTjcra) epuKo/xat, ouSe rt re/c/xwp
dXXa o-v Tre/o /u.ot etTre, ^eot Se re Trcu/ra icracnv,
05 rt? /A* a.davaLT(Dv TreSaa /cat eS^tre
470 vocrroi^ ^*, a)<? e?rt
<5? (f>oifji-rjv, 6 Se'
1 dXXa ju,aX' a>^>eXXes Att r* aXXotcru> re Oeoicriv
/ae'^a? tepa /cctX' ava^a.we^v, 6<f)pa rd^tcrra
<TT)^ e? TrarptS' t/coto ir\e<DV evrt OIVOTTO. TTOVTOV.
475 ou yct^) rot Trptt* /zolpa ^>tXov? r* tSeeti> /cat t/cecr^at
ot/coi' IvKTLfjLevov /cat o">)^ eg TrarptSa
y* or* av AtyuTrroto SttTrereos Trora/ioto
aurt?
d^ai/drotcrt #eotcri, rot ovpavbv evpvv H
480 /cat rore rot Swo-oi'o-u' 68ov ^eot, ^v o~v
tS? e^>ar', avrap e/u.ot ye /care/cXdcr^ (f>i\ov r}Top,
owe/cd /A' aim? di^ajye^ CTT* ^epoetSea 7roVroi>
AtyuTrrwS' tei/at SoXt^i/ 68ov apyaXi'qv re.
dXXa /cat o5? fj.v00Lcnv d/xetySo/aei/o? irpocretnrov
485 ' raura /ACV ovra> 8^ reXew, yepov, a? o~v /ceXeuet?
dXX' dye /aot ro8e etTre /cat drpe/ceo)?
r) Trdvre? crw vrjvcrlv aTn^/xofe? rf\6ov
ous Neo"rwp /cat e'yw XttroptCP TpofyBev toi
ie rts a>Xer'
64 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
490 776 (j)i,\a)v ev ^epa-ii', eVet iro\e^ov ToXu7revcrei>.'
jv, 6 Se ja* avriK a^ei/So/xevo? Trpo o~eet7rei>
^, rt /Lie ravra Stei'peat ; ouSe TI ere
t, ovSe Sarji'ai e//,oi> i>doz> ovSe ere
8771; a/cXavro^ ecre(r^at, eVryy e'u Tra^ra
495 TroXXot /xei^ ya/3 TOJI^ ye Sa/aev, TroXXot 8e \ITTOVTO
dp^ol 8' au 8uo fjLovvoi 'A^cuaif ^aX/co^
eV vocrra) 0,770X0^70 /xct^ 8e re /cat crv
ef? S* ert TTOV ^0169 /carepu/cerat evpet, irovra).
Atas /u,ei^ /xera i^rjvcrl Sa/x7y SoXt^peryu.oto'ti'.
500 Tvprjcrus fjuv npatra Iloo~eiSacov eVeXacro~ev
7T6Tpr)(riv /LteyaX^o~t /cat eeo~aa>o~e daXdcrcrrj^
/cat laJ /cev e/c^>vy /c^pa /cat e'^^o/xei/o? vrep '
el p.rj VTrepfyiaXov erro? e/c/8aXe /cat /Lte'y* ddcrOr)
(77 /D* deKrjTi 0ea)v <f)vyeeiv ^aeya Xatr/xa
505 rov Se IToo'etSacot' jLteyaX' e/cXvet'
aurt/c* eVetra rpiaivctv kXatv ^epcrt
17X00*6 Tvpafyv Trerprjv, aTro 8' ecr^icr^v avrtjv
Kal TO /xet' avrodi /Ae/e, TO 8e rpvfyos e/zTreo-e
TW yo' Ata? TO Trp&Tov e<eo/Aei'O5 fte'y' ddcrBr)
510 TOV 8* (f)6pi Kara TTOVTOV diretpova Kv^aivovTa.
f- t >/)>'\\ >> ' \ N ^O
<W5 o jite^ e^c/ aiTo\(o\6v, e?ret Trtef OAfJiVpov voup.
0*0? Se' TTOU e/c<^vye /c^pa? dSeX^eo? ^8' V7rd\vev
eV vrjvcrl y\a<f>vpf)crL crawae Se TroT^ta "HpT;.
aXX' OT 8^ Ta^' e/xeXXe MaXetaaw opog at?rv
515 L^ecrOcn, Tore 817 ju,u> dvaprrd^aa-a Bve\\a
TTOVTOV eV l-^6v6evTa fytpev /Bapca
aypov TT (Txo-TL^v, o0L Sd>fjLo,Ta vale
TO Trpiv, drdp TOT* evate uecrrtaS^? Atyio~^o?.
dXX* OTC 8^ /cat KeWev (j>aiveTO VOCTTOS d-mj
520 ai|/ Se ^eol ovpov (TTpei^av, /cat ot/caS* IKOVTO,
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 65
17 TOI 6 fjiev ^aipw eVe/3i7<7ero TrarptSo? ati;?
/cat Kvvei airrofjievos r^v TrarpiSa TroXXa 8' drf avrov
Sd/cpva Oepjjid ^eovr , eVet dcrTracrta)? t8e yatai/.
ro*> 8' dp' 0.770 cr/coTTi^s et8e CT/COTTO?, 6V yoa Ka0el(rv
525 Atyto-00? SoXofJLirjTis ayw, VTTO 8' ecr^ero
Xpv&ov 8ota raXavra.' <v\acrcre 8' o y* et? e
pij XdOoi irapitov, //.i^crcuro Se
y8^ 8' t/xev dyyeXewv 77/305 8w/xara Trot/xeVt Xaaii/.
avTLKa 8' Atytcr^o? 80X177^ <^pacrcraro
530 Kpivdfjievos Kara SrjfJLov eet/cocrt c^wras dpt
efcre Xo^or, irepo)6i 8' dvtuyet 8atra TreVet
avrap 6 /3r^ KaXewv * Ayafiefjivova TTOLfieva
ITTTTOLCTLV /cat o\e<r<^iv, det/cea fiepfj.rjpi^p.
TOV 8' ov/c etSor' o\0pov d^yaye /cat
535 SetTr^tVcra?, a>9 rts re /care'/crave /3ow eVt <f)a,Tvr).
3 C / > .* / \'/}' e
ovoe rt? Arpetoecu erapwv Xiireu , ot ot CTTO^TO,
ouSe rt? Atytcr^ov, dXX' eKTadev iv /xeydpotcrtv.'
w? e<^ar', avrap e/xot ye /care/cXdcr^ <j>i\ov
K\alov 8' eV i^afJidBoiCfi Ka.07]fjievo<;, ovSe
540 TJ0\* en j^coeiv /cat opdv ^>cto5 T^eXtoto,
avrap eVet /cXatw^ re /cvXtvSo/xevo? re
8^ rdre /xe TT/ooo-e'etTre "yepaiv dXto?
TL, 'Arpe'o? vie', TroXw j^povov dcr/ceXeg ovrw?
, cTret ov/c aarwrw Tiva $TJofj.v dXXd rd^tcrra
545 TreCpa, OTTOJ? /cev 8^ cr>)^ TrarptSa yatai' t/c^at.
^ yap /xtv ^a>w ye /ct^^creat, 17
/crea'e^ vTro^a^iero?, av Se /cei^ rd</>ou d
w<? e^ar', avrap e'/xot KpaSCrj /cat 0vjj.os a
avrt? eVt crr^decro'L /cat d^^v/oieVoj vrep
550 /cat /xti/ (frcovycras eVea rfrepoevra
/ \ o \ fo x ^v ' /
rovrov? /xei/ o-^ otoa o~u oe rpirov avop ovo
66 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
o? rts ert 0)69 /carepu/cerat evpet
rje 6ava)v eWXw Se /cat d^u/xefo? irep d/coCo-at.
)<; efidfJLrjv, 6 Se /x' aurt/c' ditety8ojaei>o9
555 ' vto? Aae'prea), 'I $01/07 * I/t ' LK ^ a vaiwv
rov S* tSoi^ ev mjcro) OaXepov /caret Sct/c/au
ev /xeydpotcrt KaXvi/;ov9, 17
6 S* ou Swarat ^v Trar^tSa -yatai^ t/cecr^at
ou ycip ot Troipa v^e? eTT^/oer/AOt /cat eralpoi,
560 ot /c> ^tw/ irefJiTTOLev CTT* evpca va>ra 0aXdcr(rr)S.
o~ot 8' ou de&fyaTov eo-rt, Stor/3e<^eg a) Me^eXae,
A/3yet ev tTTTroySorw 6a.v4f.iv /cat TTOTJLIOV e
dXXct o~* e? 'HXvo~toi> TreStoi/ /cat
ct#dvarot 7rejLti//oucrtv, o$t
565 TT/ 7Tp pt]l(TTr] yStOTTy TTeXet a
ov vufreTos, our' ap ^et/xw^ vroXus cure iror'
dXX' atet ZecftvpoLO Xtyu irvelovTos
ex et<? 'EXeV^z/ /cat o-<^>tv ya/tyS/ao? Atos eo-crt.'
570 o>9 eiirtov VTTO TTOVTOV e8uo~ero Kv^LaivovTa.
avTap eycov eirl VYJCLS a/x' di/r treats erdpoto~tv
T7ta, TToXXct Se /xot /cpaSfy ir6p<f>vpe KIOVTI.
avrap CTTCI />' CTTI vrja /carr^X^o/xe^ ^8e 6d\a(rcrav,
7Tt r'
575 S>) rore /cot/xiy^/xei/ evrt ya^y/xu/t 0a\dcr(nr)<;.
8' T^ptyeVeta <j>dvr) yooSoSa/criAos 'Hw?,
/ae^ 7rd/ji7rpa)TOv cpvcrcrafj-ev et? dXa 8taf,
f 8' tcrrou? ri^e/xecr^a /cat to~rta vyvalv etcr^s,
ai/ Se /cat aurot fidvTes 7Tt KX^to-t KaOl^ov,
580 e^r;? 8' e^ottez^ot TTO\W)V dXa ruTrroi^ eper/xots.
at/; 8* ets AtyvTrroto SttTrereo? Trora/xoto
crrrj<ra. vea? /cat epea reXi^ecro'as /caro/x/3as.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 67
avrap eVet Kariiravcra. Bewv ^o\ov alkv
XeG' 'Aya/Ae^om rv/xy8o^, tV acr/Sea'TOf /cXtos 117
585 raCra reXeur^cra? veofjL-rjv, eSocrai' Se yu,ot ovpov
aOdvoiTOi, rot JA* a)/ca fyiKyv e? Trarpt'S' e7re/At|ai>.
dXX' aye i>vz> lirt^eivov ev\ ^eydpoicriv e/xotcrtv,
6(j)pa Kev evSeKOLTr) re SuwSe/carr; re yeMyrcU'
Kat rdre <r' ev 7re/xi|;a), SOJCTOJ Se rot dyXaa Saipa,
590 rpet? tTrTroug Kat Stypov evoov ' avrap eVeira
/caXw dXetcro^, ti/a cnrevorjcrOa.
rov 8' av T^Xe^a^o? TreTrvu/xei'o? awriw
" 'Ar/DetS^, /x^ 817 /u,e TroXv^ ^povov et'^dS'
595 /cat yd^> K' et? Iviavrov e'ya> Trapa crot y
r)fj.6vos, ovSe' /ce' /x' OLKOV e'Xot TTO^O? ovSe
ya/) pvOoicnv eVefrort re crouriz>
dXX' ^817 /xot avia/^ova-iv ercupoi
iv Tlv\a> rjyaOtr), a~v Se /ae ^povov e
600 8wpov 8', orrt /ce /xot Son??, /cet^Xtot' rra>
iTTTTOug 8' etg 'lOaKrjv OVK do/xat, dXXa, crot avro>
eV^dSe Xeti//a> dyaX/xa- cru yap TreStoto /imcro-et?
evpeos, w ew /Ltev Xwro? TroXvs, eV 8e Kvireipov
TrvpoL re etat re 18' vpv<f>ve<; Kpl XevKov.
605 eV 8' 'l0a.Kr) OVT ap 8/3o/xot evpe'es oure rt Xet/xwi/-
atyt/3oro9, /cat yu,a,XXoi> eTnjpaTos t7T7ro/3oroto.
ou yap rt? vrycroji/ tTTTn^Xaro? ouS' evXet/iwi/,
"/) \ x \' 'r/3' 5' v N
at t7 aAt /ce/cXtarat lc/a/c^ oe re /cat Trept
a>? <f)a.To, fj.L$r)(Tv Se ftorjv dya^o
610 X 64 ^ 1 ' re/ /^^ /care'pe^ eVog r' e^ar' e/c r' 6i
"ai/xaro? et? dya^oto, <t'Xov re'/co?, ot* dyopevets
roiydp e'yw rot ravra /xeracrr^cra) Swa/xat yap.
8', oo~cr' eV e/xw ot/caj /cet/x>^Xta Ketrat,
68 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
8wo~o>, 6 /cdXX.to~roi> /cat rt/x^eVraroV ecrnv
615 Swcra> rot KprjTTJpa Tervypevov dpyvpeos Se
epyov 8* c H<aurroio. iropev Se e <l>at8t/xos
StSoi'ttoi' pao~tXev9, o0' eos So/xo9 dtKie/caXurl/ei'
KL(T /xe vo&TijcravTa retv S' eOeXut rdS' O7rdo-o"at."
620 a>5 ot /xei' rotavra Trpos aXXi^Xou? dyopevov,
8' $/ >v /}'
aiTVfjioves o e? ow/xar to~at' ueiov
ol 8 riyav /xef fj,yj\a, (frepov 8' Ivrjvopa
CTLTOV oe o~<p aXovot /ca\Xt/cp>ioetxi'ot
T>N \^^ 5\ /
<u? ot jaei/ ?rept otmvov evi jLteyapoto~t
625 fjLvr)(TTr)pe<; Se TrdpoiBev *OSvo~o~^o9 /xeydpoto
Stcr/cotcrw' repirovro /cat alyavr)(TLv ievTes
iv TV/crw SaTreSw, o^t ;rep Trapos, vftpw e>
Se KaOfjcrTo /cat Eupv/xa^og
/xvr^o-T^pw^, apery 8' eo~a^ e^o^' cxptorot.
630 rots 8* utos ^>pof toto NOTJIJLWV eyyvBev ekOwv
'AVTIVOOV fJLvBoicTLV di'etpd/xet'os Trpo&eeLTrev
" 'Avrtt'o', ^ pd rt tS/xev e^t fypecriv, rje /cat ov/ct,
oTTTrdre T^Xe/xa^o? ^etr* e'/c IIvXou ^)
^ct /xot ot^er' dyaiv, efjit Se XP e<
635 "HXtS* es evpv^opov Sta/Siy/xe^at, eV^a /xot tTTTroi
ScuSe/ca ^Xetat, UTTO 8' TJ^IOVOL raXaepyot
ws e(f>a0 y , ot 8' aVa Ovpov e0dp,f$eov ov yap e
e? IIvXo^ oi^ea'OaL N^Xiftov, dXXa TTOV avrou
640 dypa>v tj fjujXoicn. Trape/x/xe^at ^e (rvftwrr).
rov 8* aur' 'ArrtVoo? Trocrer 'Evvret^eo? vto?
VL<TTT, TTOT OJTO /Cttt
Kovpoi tirovT 'lOaKf}^ ca.ipeTOL ; rj eot avrou
0fJT<s T 8/xajf? re; SzWiro /ce /cat TO reXecro-at.
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 A. 69
645 xai fj.oi TOUT' ayopevcrov ITIJTV^OV, o(f>p > ev et8o>,
TI ere fiiy de/co^TO? drryvpa vrja jjicXaivav,
ot Sw/ca<?, eVet Trpo(nrTv^aTO fjLV0a)"
8'
TOV WO9 >pOl>LOlO oTJfJLtoV O.VTI.OV TTJva '
" auTo? eKa>v ol Sw/ca rt /cei^ pe^eie KO.L a\\o5,
650 OTTTTOT' d TOIOUTO?
Ktv dinji/acrdaL Socnv tir)
8*, ot KaTa SrjfJLOv apicrrevovcri fjie
6t ot ITTO^T' e^ 8' ap'^ov ey<w ftawovTa vorjcra
Mevropa r) Oeov, TO) 8' auT&> iravra ecj/c>.
655 dXXa TO Bavfjid^o) t8oz^ ev0a.Se McvTopa Stov
X#iw vTrrjolov, Tore 8' e/ot/S^ vryt TlvXoi/Se."
w? apa <j>(t)VT](ra<; a.Tre(3rj Trpbs Sa>/MaTa
8* a.fj.(f)OTepota'Lv dydo~o~aTo OVJJLOS
8' a/xvSt? Koidicrav /cat 7ravo~av
660 Toi&iv 8* 'Ai'To/oos /acTe'^ 'EuTret^eo? vto?,
d^u/xe^o?- fjieveos 8e /aeya (frpeves d)M^)t/Ae
', ocrcre 8e' ot Trtyn Xayu,7rTo&ji/Tt t
TroVoi, ^ /aeya epyov U7rep^>tdXo>5 e
6865 i^Se ^>d^v 8e ot ou
665 6/C TOO~O~OJ^S' OLK7]Tl VtOS TTttt? Ot^CTttt
i^^a epvcrardfj.evo<s Kpivas r dva Sr/joto
apei /cat Trporepo) KOLKOV e/x/xevat' dXXct ot
Zeu? oXecrete ^Siip Trptv 17^8179 ^erpov t/cecr^at.
dXX' dye jutot 8oT i^a #OT)I> /cat et/coo"' eraipovs,
670 o<f>pa [Jiiv avTov IOVTCL Xo^i7O"o//,at i^Se
eV TTop6p,o) 'lOaKrjs TC Sdjaoto T
a>5 ai/ eTTLa/jivyepa)*; vavTi\\eTa.i elveKa.
T i /)> Ci>w / >/ x
w? e<pau , ot o apa iravres eiryveov "qoe
avTt/c' eTretT* OLV(rra.vre<; efiav 8o/xov ets
675 ouS* dpa IT^^eXoTreta TroXut' ^povov r^ev
70 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
ous fJLvrjcrTfjpes evl (f>pe(ri ^8uo-o~oSd/xeuoi>
ydp ot eetTre Me'Sw^, og eVeu^ero /3ovXds
e/cros ew^, ot 8' eVSo$t p,rJTiv
/3f) 8' t/xez' dyyeXe'eoi' Sid Soj/xara
680 ro*> 8e /car' ovSou fidvTa Trpocr^vSa
" Krjpv, TtTrre 8e <re irpoecrav /a^crrrjpe? dyafot;
epycov ira.vcra.cr6a.i, cr^tcrt 8' aurot? Satra
685 vfrrara /cat vrv/xara ^vf evddSe
ot ^a/x' dyet/)d/xevot yStoro^ /cara/cetpere TroXXoV,
T^Xe/xd^oto Sat^povo? ov8e rt
TO 7rp6cr0ev aKovere, TratSe?
oto? 'OSvcro-eu? eicr/ce /xe^' v/xerepotcrt
690 oure rtvd pe^as e^atcrtov ovre Tt
e^ Sr^ftw, 17 r' eo~rt StKiy 0eia)v
K l^OaLprjcri flpoTtov, a\\ov K <f>L\oi,r).
8' ov TTore TrdfjLTrav ardcrdakov dvBpa
dXX* 6 /xo/ v/xerepo? 0v/jLO<s /cat det/cea e/3ya
695 (^atverat, ovSe' rt? eo~rt \dpis /xeroTrtcr^' evepyecov."
r^ 8* aure 7T/Doo~eet7re MeScoi/ Treirvv^eva. etSws
" at yap Sry, /SacrtXeta, rd8e 7rXeto~rot' KOLKOV elr).
dXXd TToXu fjiel^ov re /cat dpyaXewrepov dXXo
p.rsy)(TT7)pe<s (frpd^ovTai, 6 /XT) reXeVetc
700 Tr^Xe/xa^ov jite/xdao~t /caraK-rd/xe^ o^et
ot/caSe t'tcro'd/xe^ov 6 8' 5)877 /xerd Trarpog
6? IIvXov riya0r)v 778' e? Aa/ceSat/ixot'a Staj/."
&j? (^dro, 7779 8' avrov Xvro youi'ara /cat <j>&.ov 77x0/3,
8771^ 8e /xtf djjL(j)aa'irj 4v&v Xdfte rw 8e ot ocrcre
705 Sa.Kpv6<f)L Tr\rjcr06v, 0a\pr) 8e ot ecr^ero
6i//e Se 877 /^tti/ 7re(rcrLV d/xei/So/xei'Tj TT
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 71
" Krjpv, rtVre Se /xot vrdts o^erat ; ov8e rt /xtv
VTrjOHS 0)KV7r6ptol> eVt/3atVe/XI', at 6* dXo9 tTTTrOt
dvSpdo~t yiyvovrau, 7repoa>o-t 8e TrovXw
710 77 ti/a /x^S' oVo/x' avrov ev di>0pd>noicri
rrjv 8' ^/iei/Ser' eTretra MeSooi' Tre-rrvv^va
" ou/c oIS', 17 rts /xtv #eos a>/)o/)e^, ^e /cat aurov
Ovjjibs e(j)0)pfji'r]0r) Ipev e? IIuXov, o(/Da
7rar/3o? eov ^ vocrro^ -^ ov rtva TTOT^OV
715 0)9 apa <j)(t)i>-ijcras dire^r) /caret Sw/x* '
8' a^(O9 afJufrexyOr) 0vfj.o(f>06pov, ouS*
/caret OLKOV
dXX' ap' e?r' ovSou T{e TroXv/c/xr^rov
OIKTp 6\O(f)VpOfJ.Vr}. TTf.pl 8e 8/i&j
720 Tracrat, ocrat /caret 8w/xar' ecrav, veat ^8e vraXatat.
r^9 8' dSti^oi/ yoowcra /zer^vSa n-^^eXoTrcta
" /cXvre, <tXat Trept yap /xot 'OXvyu, 77105 aXye'
e/c Tra&ecov, ocrcrat /xot 6/xov rpct^ef ^8e yevovro
fj irplv ttev Tiocrti/ cr9\ov d77"wXeo"a
725 TravTOL-ys dperfja-L /ce/cacr/xevot'
e'cr#XoV, rov /cXeo? eupv /ca^' 'EXXctSa /cat
wt' au TratS' clyaTn^roi/ d^T7peti/;avro
d/cXea e/c tteydpwv, ov8' op/xi^^e^ro? ct/coucra.
o~^erXtat, ovS' u/xetg ?rep eVt <^pecrt Bicrde
730 e/c Xe^e'wi^ /x' d^eyetpat, eTTtcrrd/xevat crd<a 0vfj.(o,
oTTTrdr' e/ceti'O? e)8^ KOiXrjv eirl vfja /xe'Xat^av.
et yap eyw TrvBo^v ravTrjv 68ov op/xatVoi'ra
TW /ce /xdX' 17 /cet e/xetve /cat eo'o-v/xet'o? ?rep 68oto,
17 /ce /xe reOvriKvlav eVt /xeydpotcrtt' eXet?re^.
735 dXXd rts orp^pai? AoXto^ /caXecrete yepo*>ra,
S/xw' e/xw, oi/ /xot Sw/ce Trar^p ert Sevpo
/cat /xot KrJTrov e)(et TroXvSe^Speo^, o<pa
72 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
Aaeprrj rdSe irdvTa. T
et 877 TTOV rti>a /cetfos eVi, <peo~t fJirJTLV v(f)TJva<>
740 eeX$aji> Xaoto~tz> oSvperat, ot /u.eju.dacrti'
ov /cat 'OSucrcn^os (f)0'i(r<u yovov dvnOioio"
TYJV 8' aure TrpocrteiTre <f>i\r) rpo<6<?
" vvfji(j)a ^1X17, <TV jaei/ dp /xe Kara/craj/e v^Xet
^ la e^ /xeyapw pvBov Se rot ov/c
745 i^Se* eya> raSe Trai/ra, iropov Se ot, oo~o~a
(Ttro^ /cat JJLC0V f)$v IfJLev 8* eXero /xeyav opKov
fur] irpiv crot epeetv, Trpti/ 8aj8e/car^^ ye yevecrOai
f) cr* avrrjv iro^ecrat /cal d<f)Op[jLr)66i>Tos d/covo'at,
a>9 ai/ ja^ /cXatovo-a /card X/ a ^tt^ ^ tdTrr^?.
750 dXX' vSprjvafJLeinr), KaBapa XP ^ e ^ct^' eXovcra,
et? virepu dva/8dcra crw dja^>t7roXoto"t
ev^e* *A.(hivavg Kovpy Atos atyto^oto
17 yap /ccf /itv eVetra Kat e/c Oavdroio
jotT^Se yepo^ra /cd/cou /ce/ca/c&j/Lte^o^ ou yap
755 Trdy^u ^eot? /xa/cdpeo~o~t yovr^v 'Ap/ceto~td8ao
dXX' ert TTOU rtg e7reo-o-erat, os /ca
^' vi//epe<^ea /cat OLiroTrpoBi vrto^a? dypov?.
cS? ^>dro, rij? 8* evvrja-e yoov, cr^e6e 8' oo~o~e yooto.
t^>^ / /)^ X /)> \ *
17 o voprjvafjievr), /cac/apa X/ 301 et j aa " Aovo"a
760 et? U7repa>' aveftawe o~w d/x<^)t7rdXoto~t ywat^tV,
8* e^er' ovXoxvVa? /caz^eoj, -^pctro 8' *A.0TJvr)'
" K\v0[ fjLv t atyto^oto A to? re'/co?, arpvraji>7?,
ct Trore rot TroXv/xiyrts eVt /Aeydpoto-tv 'OSvcro-eu?
^7 ySoos ^ oto? /card Trtova [typC cKiqev,
765 rwi' vw /aot [Jivfjcrai /cat ^aot ^>i\ov via. crdcocrov,
fj,vr)<TTrjpa<; 8* a7rdXaX/ce /ca/caig vTrepTpopeWra?."
5? etTTOva"' oXoXv^e, ^ed Se ot e/cXvev dp^?.
9 8' ofjLd$r)(Tav dvd ^u.e'yapa cr/ctdeKra
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 73
<S8e Se' rts et7reo~/ce
770 " TI yudXa $r) ydpov dfjifju TroXv/x^crr^ /Jacrt'Xeia
dprvei, ouSe' rt otSei/, o ot <oVo9 vtt reVv/crat."
GJ<J dpa rt? et7reo~/ce, TO, 8' OVK ura,j>, 0*5
TOICTLV 8' 'Ai'TtVoos dyopTJcraTo KCU
775 7ravra9 O/AOJ?, /ur; TTOU rt? aTrayyetX^o't Kal etcr&>.
ctAX' aye crty^ TOLOV ai/acrrctt'Te? reXecu/xei'
, o Sr) /cat TTCLCTIV eVl <f>p(rlv ypapev rj
8' teVat 7rl ia OTI^ /cat
780 t> r^a /xev ow irdnirpwrov dXo? ySev^ocrSe epvcrtrcu;,
eV 8' to-rw T' IriBevro /cat tort'a i^t /iteXat^,
8' epexjud rpoTrot? ev Sep/xartVotcrtr,
/caret n-oipav, dvd ff tcrrta Xeu/cd
a Se cr</>' ^et/cat' vtrepOv^oi ^e/actTr
785 ui/;o{) 8' ev VOTLU> rrjv y* wp^icrav, e/c 8' e)8av avrot-
e^^a 8e 80/37701^ eXoi/ro, fjLevov 8' em ecnrepov e
rj 8' vrrepcoia) av0L Treptypoiv IT^i/eXdTreta
/cetr* a/3* dcrtros, aTracrro? eS^rvo? ^8e 7ror>yro5,
6/3/xatj/ovcr', 17 ot Odvarov <})iryoi vto?
790 17 O y* V7TO (JLVrj&T'YJpO'LV VTTp(f>LdXoL(TL
ocrcra 8e pepfjiypL^e Xew di>$pa>v ev
Setcras, OTTTrore /xtv SdXtoi^ Trept /cu/cXov
rotrcra /Atv op^aivova-av eV^'Xv^e i^rfSu/xo
eu8e 8* dva.K\iv0.lcra, \v0ev Se' ot di|/ea
795 ei^^' aur' dXX' eVo^cre ^ed, yXav/cwTrt?
etSa>Xoz> TTOtr^cre, Se/xa? 8' TJIKTO ywat/a,
jjLya\TJTOpo<; 'l/captoto,
OTrvte <I>ep^5 ei^t ot/cta VOL'KDV.
8e /xtt' Trpos Sw/xar' 'OSvo~o~'^O5 ^etoto,
74 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IV.
800 coos n^eXoVeiay oBvpofJLevrjv yooajcrav
Travcrete /cXaufytoto ydotd re Sa/cpvdei'ro?.
? 6d\a^ov 8* eicrrJX^e Trapd /cXr^tSos tyacu/ra,
o"TT7 8' dp' u?rep Ke<j>a\f)<; /cat /oiu> 77/305 pvOov eet7rei>
"euSetg, n^veXoTreta, <$>(Xov rert^/aeVr; ?)Vop.
805 ov /aeV cr' ou8e eaicri ^eot /oeta {wovres
/cXatetv ovS' d/cct^cr^at, CTTCI p* ert t'ocrrt/xos eortp
<ros TTCUS ou /Aey yap TI 0eoi<s dXtTi^/xei/d? IO~TIV."
TT)V 8' ^t/3er' cTreir
1781) /xdXa Kvaiarcrovcr- iv o
810"rt7TTe, Katriyvrfrt), 8eup' -^Xv^e?; ou Tt Trdpos ye
TTtoXe", evret jtxdXa TroXXot' aTTOTrpoOi Sw/xara vatetg.
/cat /u,e /ceXeat 7ravcracr#at ot^uo? ^8' oSut'daji/
TroXXeW, at /x' epeOovcri /caret <j>pcva /cat /card
f) irplv jjiev irofTiv ecr0\.bv dTrajXecra Ov/JLoXeov
815 iravToiys dper^crt KKacr^evov ev Aavaot<ru>,
(rB\6v, TOV cXeo5 evpu /ca0' 'EXXdSa /cat
av vrat? dyaTT^ro? e/3^ /cotX^? eVt
ovre TroVojz' eu t8a>5 ovr' ayopdw.
rov 8^ eya> /cat jtxdXXov oSvpo/xai 17 Trep e/cetVou
820 rov 8* d/x(trpo/ue'a) /cat SetSta, ^17 rt Trd
*o >\^./ </5V *j\
T) o ye T(t)v evi orjfJLO), iv ot^erat, 17 eft
Svcr/aeve'eg yap TroXXot evr* avra>
ie/JievoL Kreivai irp\v TrarptSa yatai/
r^f 8' dTrafjieLJ36fjivov Trpocre'^ etSwXov dfJLavpo
825 " ^dpcret, jLtTySe' rt Trcty^u /xerct <^pecrt 8etSt^t Xirjv '
Toirj yap ot TTO/XTTO? d/x' ep^erat, 17^ re /cat dXXot
aWpcs r)pij(rairro Trapea-rdfjievai, Swarat yap,
IlaXXdg ' A.0r)va.ir) o~e 8' oSupo/xeVxp e'Xeatpei
^ i>Ci> /xe TrpoeVy/ce reti^ rdSe
830 r^ 8* avre Trpoareenre
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. . 75
"ei /xeV Sr) feds ecrcrt 0eotd re e/cXves av8^5,
ct 8' dye /u,ot /cat KCWOV OL^vpbv /cardXeoj>,
TI TTOV ert ot>ei /cat opa ^>ao5
17 17817 redmrjKe /cat etv 'AtSao
835 r^ 8' a7ra/xei/3o/>tei>CH> Trpoo-(f>r) etSwXoi' a
" ov /xeV rot /cetfo^ ye St^ye/cew? dyo/Deucra),
^aJet o y' ^ reOvyKe KOLKOV 8* di/eyutajXta ySd^etv."
w? .ITTOV CTTaOfjiolo trapa /cXiytSa \iaLcrdri
e? TTvotdg avefjitov. 17 8' e'^" virvov avopovcrev
840 Kovpr) 'l/captoto <j>L\ov Se' ot 1770/3 idvdr),
a>? ot eVayoye? oveipov eVeVcrvro vv/cro? djaoXyal.
8' ai/a/SdWe? eVeVXeo^ vypd K\ev0a
d^a) <f)6vov alrrvv eVt
eo~Tt 8e rt? vrjo~o5 fjieo'a'r) dXt
845 fjiecrcrrjyvs 'l^dVq? re Sd/ioto re
'Aorept?, ov /LteydXry XijiteVe? 8' eVt i/auXo^ot aurrj
w ye ptvov Xo^dw^re? 'A^atot.
OMHPOT OATSSEIAS I.
TOV 8' a,7ra/xet^8djaevo5 Trpoere^ TroXv^rt? 'OSvcrcreug
" 'AX/cu/oe Kpeiov, iravrw d/atSet/cere Xawv,
17 rot p,ei> rdSe KaXop aKove^ev ecrrlv dotSoi)
/^O> 7 s VO> > / /) J \ / JO /
rotovo , oto? oo ecrrt, c7eot5 e^aAtyKtos avorjv.
5 ov yap eycu ye rt ^jat reXo? "^apiecrrepov eivai
17 or' ev(j)po(rvvrj JJLV )(rj Kara SrjfJLOv aTravra,
Satrv/xo^e? 8' dva Sw^tar' aKovct^wvrat dotSov
yjjievoL e^etVy?, napa Se TrXtjOajcn TpaTre^ai
cri/rov feat K/aetw^, /xe^v 8' e/c Kprjrrjpos a<f>vcr(ra)v
10 ott'o^do? <f)OprjCTL /cat ey^et]7 SeTrdecrcrtv
TOVTO rt /aot KctXXtcrTov e^t (frpecrlv etSerat eii^at.
trot 8' ejact Ki^Sea Ovp,o<s iTreTpdirero (rrovoevra
ei)oecr$', o^>jo' ert /adXXo^ 68vpd/jtevo9
Tt Trpwrov rot eVetra, rt 8' vcrrdnov
15 /afSe' evret /utot vroXXd Socrcu> ^eot Ov
i/ui/ 8' oVo/xa Trpwrov [jiv0TJ(TO[ji<u, o(f>pa KOL
etSer', eya> 8' a^ eVetra <pwytov VTTO
vp.lv et^os eiw /cat aTroirpoOi Sahara VCL'KDV.
et/x' 'OSvcrev? Aae/ortdS^s, o? Trdcrt SdXotcrtv
20 ai>0 pwiroicri />teXw, /cat /Aev /cXeo? ovpavov t/cet.
j/aterdot) 8' 'l^d/c^v evSeteXo^ e^ 8' opo? avr
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 77
dx<t 8e vr<
TroXXat i>aterdovcrt
AouXt^td^ re ^djj,r) re /cat vX^ecro-a Zd/cw#O9-
25 avrj) Se x6ap,a\r) TravvTrepTdrrj elv dXt /cetrat
d(/>oi>, at Se' r' avevOe 77/309 ^&i r' Tye'XtoV re,
', dXX' dya6r) Kov/3or/3o^>o5 ov rot e'ytu ye
yXvKeparrepov aXXo t8eV^at.
vKt KaXin/;a) 8ta 6tda)v,
30 eV o'TreVcrt yXa^>vpoto~t, XtXato/x,eVi7 Trocrti/ eti'af]
W5 8' aurw? Kip/a; KareptJTvep iv
Ataa; SoXoeo"o-a, XtXato/AeVr; TTOO-I^ et^at
dXX' e'/xoi/ ov Trore Ovpov eVt crTr)d.<T<Tiv
cS? ovSei/ yXv/ctov ))? TrarptSo? ov8e TOKTJUV
35 ytyi^erat, et Trep /cat rt? diroTrpoOi TTLOVOL OIKOV
yatry eV aXXoSaTTiJ i^atet dndvevOe TOKTJ&V.
et 8' aye rot /cat i/ocrrov e'/u,6v TroXu/CT/Se" eVto-TTtu,
ov /aot Zev? e'^e'^/cei/ d/Tro IpoiiqOev toVrt.
'iXto^ei^ /ae (frepwv dt'e/ao? Kt/coVeo-cri 7reXao-o-ev,
40 'Icrpdpa). v0a 8' e'yco TroXtv eV/ja^ov, a>Xeo-a 8' avrov?
e'/c 770X109 8* dXo^ov? /cat /crry/xara TroXXd
rt9 />tot dre/xySdjLte^o? /ctot 10-179.
rot /xeV eyco Ste/aw vroSt <evyeja> ^
rot Se /xeya vymoi OVK eVt^o^ro.
45 eV#a 8e TroXXov jaei/ jitel^v TrtVero, TroXXd 8e
eV<^a{oi/ vrapd ^tva /cat etXt7roSa9 eXt/ca9 /
r6(f>pa 8' d'p' ot^d/Ltevot Kt/co^e9 Kt/cdt'ecro-t
ot o-<tz> etrov9 o~av, dxa ir\eove<s /cat
<> LTTTTCJV
50 dv$pd(TL /xdpi'ao-^ai, /cat o^t ^pr) Tre^ot' eovra.
rf\6ov eVet^', oo~a ^>uXXa /cat dV#ea ytyi/erat w
Tore 817 pa /ca/c?) Ato9 ato-a
78 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
r)(jili> aii'ottdpotcrtj', Iv dXyea TroXXa
crrrjcrd/xei'oi 8' epayovTo pd^v napd invert
55 fidXXov 8' dXX>7'Xov9 ^aX/crypecrt
d(/3a /xeV 170)9 ^v /cat de^ero tepoi/
To<f)pa 8' dXe^d/xei'ot /xeVottez' TrXeWas vrep eoi
8' 176X109 jaerez/urcreTo ^8ov
rare 877 KtKoz^9 /cXtvat' Sa/xctcrat'Te9 '
60 e^ 8' d(^>' e/cd(rT779 ^1709 ev/c^i7/xt8e9 eratpot
ot 8' aXXot ^vyo^ev ddvarov re popov re.
Se TrpoTepa) ir\eo^ev d/ca^i^/xe^ot
ovS' a/aa, jaot TrpoTepcj vrjes KLOV
65 TT/OIV rtt'a roiv SeiXwv erdpwv rpt9 e/cacrrot' dvcrac,
ot ddvov iv TreSto) Kt/cd^cuv VTTO Si7w^eWe9-
1^17 vert 8' lira) per* dvep-ov Ropeyv ve(j)\TjypeTa
XatXaTrt Oecnrea'Lr), (rvv Se ve^e'ecrcrt /cdXin//ei^
yatai> 6/xov /cat Trdvrot' opatpeL 8' ovpavodcv
70 at /xev eVetr' efyepovr eVt/cdpcrtat-, tcrrta Se' cr^
rpiyOd re /cat rerpa.^Ba SteV^tcrew 19 di^e/xoto.
/cat TO, /u-ei^ e'9 v^a9 /cd#e/zei' 8etcraz/Te9 oXeOpov,
avTa.9 8' e'crcrvju,eVa)9 Tr/aoepe'crcra/xev i^Tretpd^Se.
eV^a 8vw *>u/cra9 8vo r' 17/xaTa crwe^e9 atet
75 /cet/xe^' 6/Ltov /ca/xdraj re /cat aXyecrt BvfJLov
dXX' ore 8^ rpirov ^/xap eu7rXo/cajao9 re'Xecr' 'Ha>9,
icrTou9 (TTTjcrdfjievoi a.vd 0' tcrrta Xev/c' epvcra^re9
i7/ze#a, ra.9 8' d / ^e/xo9 re KvftepvrJTai. r Wvvov.
/cat vv /ce*> dcr/C77^9 IKO^V e*9 TrarptSa yatai'
80 dXXct /xe /cv/xa yodo9 re Trepiyi>d[jLirToi>Ta MdXeta^
/cat 80/0617? aTre'wcre, irapeTr\ay^ev 8e KvOrfpaiv.
evdev 8' lvvfjp.ap (^epoprjv 6Xoot9 d^e/xotcrti/
* drap 8e/cctri7
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 79
Aa>To</>dya>i', 01 r avOivov etSa/3 e
86 ev#a 8' eV rfireipov /3>?/Ai> /cat d<vo~o~d/xe0' uSw/3,
atx//a 8e SetTn'oz; eXo^To #0779 napd mjwjruf IralpOL.
avrdp eVet o~trotd r' eVao~crd/z# > i}8e TTOT^TOS,
817 TOT' e'yoii' erdpovs rrpottLv irevOecrOai td^Ta?,
ot Tt^e? dvepes elev eVt ^9ovl crirov eSo^Te?,
90 aVS/ae Svw /cptVa?, rpiraTOv Ktjpv^ a/x' 67rao~o~a5.
ot 8' au|/' ol^ofJLevoi p,Lyev d^Spacrt AwTo^ctyoto'tt'.
ovS' apa Aft>TO<^)dyot prfSovO* erdpoicTLi' o\eBpov
r)fj.6TepOL<;, dXXct o-</>t Sdcra^ Xarroto
T&it' 8' 09 Ti? Xa>TOto ^>ayot /LteXt^Sea
95 ov/cer' aTrayyetXat TrctXtP 1 TjOeXev ou8e
clXX' auTov ySovXoi^ro /ACT' dvSpcto~t Aa>To^>dyoto~tp'
XcoTot' IpeTTTo^evoi /jLevejjiev VOCTTOV re Xa^eicr^at.
TOV? jaev eywt' evrt vrja? ayov /cXatot'Ta? d
vi7uo"t 8' eVt y\a^>vp-Qcnv viro
100 avrdp TOV? aXXov? KeXo/Jurj^ ipuqpas
(TTre/a^o/xeVou? i/i7<Sv eViySatve/xe^ cu/cetdwv,
/MT; TTW? Tt? XwToto <f)aya)v VOCTTOLO
ot 8' ati//' eto~/8at^o^ /cat CTT! /cXi7to~t
e^? 8' e^d/xet'ot TroXt^ dXa TVTTTOV
105 evOev Se Trporepa}
8' e? yatav v
ot /5a ^eoto
OVT <f>VTVOV(Til> ^epCT\V <f>VTOV OVT*
dXXd Ta y' dcrvrayOTa /cat dvijpoTa irdisra
110 nvpol /cat KpiOal iy8 ' a/xTreXot, at T fyepovcriv
olvov e/3to-Tct(^vXo^, /cat
Tolo'iv 8' OVT' dyopat (3ov\.r)<j)6poi ovre
dXX' ot y' v^rr]\<j)v opewv vaiovcn
lv o~7reb~o~t Xa>uoto"t, OejucrreveL 8e
80 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
116 TratSo)!' 778' aXd^wi', ouS' d\\ij\a)v dXeyoucrti'.
vrjcros eTretTa Xd^eta irapeK Xt/aeVo?
yaii79 Kv/cXaj7rwv ovre cr^eSov our' d-rroTTj Xov,
' eV 8' al-ye? aTmpe'crtat yeydacrtv
yptat ou tte yap TTCITO? vp>7ra)v
120 ouSe /AII> etcrot^i/evo-t Kwqyerai, ol re KaO* v\T)v
aXyea ira.a'^ova'Lv KOpv<}>ds op4an> l(j>e7rovT<;.
ovr dpa TroifjLvycrLv /carattr^erat our' d/aorotcrti/,
dXX'
y cTTra/DTO? Ka viporos
dvp<i>v ^pevet, ^8ocrKet Se re /A^/cciSa? atyas.
125 ov yap Ku/cXwTrecro'i vee? Trdpa /xtXr
ovS' dvSpes VY)<JJV evi re/croi'e?, ot >ce
z^a? evacreX/xov?, at Ket' reXeotev e/cao"ra
dare ITT dv6 paiTrow iicvevfjievai, old re TroXXa
d^Spe? eV dXX^'Xov? vf]vcr\v TrepococTL Odkaacrav
130 ot /ce cr^tv /cat vrfdov IvKTLfJLevrjv e/cd/xovro.
ov /otei/ yap rt /ca/oy ye, tfrepoi $e Kev ajpta Trdvra.
lv fJLv yap Xet/AoW"? dXo? TroXtoto
v$prj\ol /xaXa/cot /xdXa K' cu$iTo
eV 8' apocrts Xeay jjidXa Kev {3a0v Xytov atet
135 et9 eupa? d/xaJet', eTret pd\a Trlap VTT'
e^ 8e Xifjirjv evop/nos, tv' ou XP e /
our' evi^d? /SaXe'eti' oure irpv^vija-C dvdi//at,
dXX' eVtKe'Xo-avra? /xetvat ^povov^ ets o /ce vavreaiv
#17x69 eTTOTpvvr) Kal eTrnrvev&tocriv d^rat.
140 avrdp eVt /cpaTO9 Xt/xeVo9 /oe'et dyXao^ uSw/3,
VTTO o"7retou9 ' Trept 8 ' atyetpot 7r<f>vacnv.
VVKTOL
8t' ovav, ou8e
' 8e
ctTjp yap Trept invert /aet 17 1/, ov
145 ovpavoBev Trpov(f>cu.v6, /caret^ero Se
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 81
ov Ttg
OVT' ovv /cv/xara /na/cpa /cvXti'Sd/xei'a irpori
etcrtSo/tet', TT/DIV vrjas evcrcreX/xou? eVt/ce'Xcrat.
/ceXcrcurryo-t Se invert KaOeiXopev tort'a TrdWa,
150 e'/c Se /cat aurot /8^/xe^ eVt p^y/xtvt 6a\a.<ra"r)<s
evBa 8' aTroyS/at^avres e/xeiVa/xei/ 'Ha> Stav.
8' T^ptyeVeta <f)dvj) yooSoSa/crvXos 'Ha>,
ffavfJid^ovTes e'Sti/ed/x(r^a /car' CLVTTJV.
8e w/x<^at, Kovpai Aio? atytd^oto,
155 atya? o/aecr/cwov?, u>a SetTT^creiai' eralpoi.
avrt/ca /ca/x7rvXa rda /cat atya^ea? SoXt^avXov?
e'/c i/Tjaiv, Sta 8e
au//a 8* eSa>/ce ^eo? /xei/oet/cea
fjiv /aot errovro SuwSe/ca, e? Se eKacrTTrjv
160 ivvia. Xdy^avov atye? e'/xot 8e Se/c' e^eXov otw.
c5? rdre /xef TrpoTrav ypap e? yjeXiov /caraSv^ra
ijfte^a 8atz/v/xe^ot /cpea r' dcnrera /cat /xe^u 1781;
ou yap TTOJ ^aii/ e^<f>0LTO olvos epvOpos,
aXX' iver\v TroXXov yap eV d/x<^t^>opevo-ti/ e/cacrTOi
165 r)(j)vcrafJLv Kt/cdvwv iepov TrroXieOpov eXdi^re?.
Kv/cXw7raji> 8* ? yoLictv eXevcrcro/xev eyyv? edi/Twv,
KOLTTVOV r CLVTWV re ^Boyy^v OUDV re /cat aiywv.
iy/xo5 8' ^eXtos /careSu /cat eVt Kvefyas r)\0ev,
8^ rdre KOLfjLTjdr^fjLev eTTt prr\y\u,vi ^aXacrorr^?.
170 >7/xo? 8' ^ptyeVeta (^011/17 /5o8oSa/crvXos *H(y?,
/cat TOT' eyw^ dyoprjv Bepevos /XCTO, Tracrtf tenrov
' aXXot /w,ei/ ^7)1^ fj,ip,veT\ e/xot epfypes eraipoi
avrdp e'ycu crui/ v7/t T' e'/xrj /cat e'/xot? erdpoicriv
\0a>v T<ov8' dv$pa)v Tretprycro/xat, ot Ttve? eto'ti',
175 17/0' ot y' v/3/)tcrTat Te /cat ayptot ovSe 8t/catot,
776 c^tXo^eti'ot, /cat <r<^>t^ 1^005 eort
82 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
ava VYJOS e(Br)i>, eKeXevcra 8' craipovs
avrovs T dfj.j3aiviv di>d re Trpv/Jii'TJcna Xvcrat.
01 8' au//' CUT ftaivov Kat lirl KXrjla'L Ka0l>ov,
180 e^5 8* ed/xei'ot TroXirjv dXa TUTJTOZ> e/aer/xot?.
dXX' ore 817 ro^ ~^o)pov d^)tKO/xe^' eyyus eo^ra,
8' CTT' etr^anfj crTreo? e
v, Sd^^T^rt /car^pe^eg. >0a, Se TroXXd,
ote? re /cat atye?, lave<TKOi> irepl 8' av
185 v^rt]\r^ Se'S/A^ro Karajpu^ee(rc
re TTITVCTO'IV t8e Spvcrlv
eVtave TreXwpto?, o? pa ra,
oto? Troi^a.Lve(TKv aTTOirpodev ou8e /xer' dXXov?
TrwXetr', dXX' aTrdvevOev ecov d^e/xtcrrta $877.
190 /cat yd/3 6avp.a rerv/cro TreXaj/atov, ov8e ew/
dv$pi ye (Ttroc^dyGj, dXXd /5iw vXijevri
vtyr)Xwv opeoiv, o re c^at^erat otoi> avr'
Si) Tore rev? dXXov? KeXofJLrjv epii^pa? e
avrou Trd/3 1071 re jjLeveiv Kal vfja epvcr^at,
195 avrap eyai Kpivas erdpwv Svo/catSeK:' dptcrrou?
^7yi> drd/3 atyeoi^ dcrKo^ e^ov {jteXavos olvoio
178609, ov /xot e8&jK M.dpct)v 'Eudt'^eog vto?,
tpev? 'ATrdXXwvo?, 05 "la-fJLapov dfji(j)ifte(3"iJKeLv,
ovveKa fjnv crvv TraiSt irepLO"^6fj.e0 t ^Se yvi^at/cl
200 d^d/xe^ot aKt yd/3 ev dXcrei' SevSprye^rt
4>oi)8ou 'AvroXXw^o?. 6 8e /xot iroptv dyXad 8w
Xpva~ov fjiev /not eScej/c' eue/ayeb? CTTrd rdXavxa,
SWKC 8e /xot KprjTVjpa Travdpyvpov, avrdp eVetra
olvov ev dttc^K^opeucrt 8vwSe/ca Trdcrtv d<^uo~cra5
205 i^8w aKTypdcrto^, 6tiov TTOTOV ovSe rt<? avrov
^1817 S/xcuwv ovS' d[jL<f)nr6X(t)v evl OIKW,
dXX' avros dXo^d? re ^1X17 TOftO} re tu* 0117.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 83
TOP S' ore irivoitv ^eXirjSe'a olvov IpvOpov,
4V SeVas eyLtTrX^cra? uSaro? dva et/coo~t /xerpa
210 X e ^'' oS/w,T7 8' i^Seta a7ro /cprjTTjpo? oSwSeti'
$eo-7reo~i77 TOT' aV ov Tot aTrocr^eaOai <$>l\ov rftv.
rov (frepov e/iTrXifcra? acr/coi' //.eyai^, ez/ Se /cat i)a
KtapvKO) aurt/ca yap ^aot oicra.ro OV/JLOS dyijvwp
av$p y lireXevcrecrOaL ^yaXriv emeipevov
215 ayptoi^, ovTe Si/ca? eu etSoTa OUTE
/cap7raXt)u,aj5 S' et? avrpov
evpopev, dXX' evolve VOJJLOV Kara TTIOVO.
\06vT6<; S' et? avrpov effrjevnecrOa eKacrra.
rapcrol p.i> Tvpwv /3pl0oi>, crreivovro Se crrjKol
220 apvaiv ^8' epi<f>ot)i> Sta/ce/cpi/AeVat Se e/catrTat
ep^aTO, X 6 ^/ 3 ^ /"-^ Trpoyovoi, X^P^ ^ /u-eracrcrat
^wpt? 8' av^' epcrat. ^ato^ 8' opal dyyea
yavXot TC crKa<f>ioe<; TC, TCTvy/xeVa, Tot? eVd
/)> > \ \ / /)> V \ / > >
eve/ eytxe /xe*> Trpayrio~u erapoi hwrcrovr e
225 rvpwv atw/xeVov? teVat, TTO.\IV, avrap eVetTa
Acap7raXt)txw5 CTTI v^a $or)v ept^ov? Te Kat api/a?
a"Y]KO)v eeXdo"a^Ta5 eTTtTrXetv aXfjivpov vSwp
dXX' eyai ou Tndoprjv^ 77 T* az/ TroXv Kepoiov >)ei>,
o^>p' avrov re tSot/xi, /cat et /xot ^etVta 8007.
230 ovS' ap' e/xeXX' erdpoicn ^avet? e'paTetvo?
eVt^a 8e Trvp KTjavres eOvcrafj-ev r)oe /cat aurot
rvpwv alvvfjievoL ^)dyo/xev /xeVo/xeV TC'
i, eto? Trrj\0e ve^v. </>epe S' o
d{aXei75, tva ot TTOTtSopTTtov etiy,
235 evroo~6ev S' aWpoto (3aXa)v opvpayoov e6f]Kev
rjfJLtls 8e Setcra^Te? arrf.o~o~vii.t9 ' e? /xv^ov avrpov
avrap o y etg evpu cnreos ^Xacre rriova fjirjKa
rfdvra /u,dX', ocro-' -^/xeXye, Ta S' apcreva XetTre
84 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
dpvetov9 re rpdyovs re, /SaOeurjs evrodev
240 avrdp eVeix' CTreOrjKe Ovpeov peyav vx|/ocr
oftpipov ' OVK av TOP ye Sua> /cat et/cocr
eo~$Xat rerpd/cv/cXot CITT' ovSeo? o
8' T^/xeXye^ 019 /cat /r^/cctSa? atya?,
245 TTOivra. Kara fjidipav, /cat UTT' ep/Bpvov rJKev e/
avrt/ca 8' yfjuo'v /ae^ Ope^as Xev/coto yaXa/cro?
TrXe/crot? eV Ta\dpoicriv dp.rja'dfjievos K.aTe9r)K.ev,
8' ai5r' ecrTrjcrev iv dyyecriv, o(f>pa ol efy
alvvfjieva) /cat ot TrortSopTTtov 117.
250 avTap eVet 8r) (nrevcre Tro^cra/xevo? ra a epya,
/cat rare 7TV/3 dveKaie /cat eticrtSc^, eipero 8' ^
' w ^eti'ot, TtVes ecrre ; TroOev TrXeW vypa
^ rt /cara 7rpfjiv r/ /xar|/tSt<w5 dXaXi^cr^e,
ota re X^taTi^e?, VTrelp aXa, rot r' d
255 \lw^d<; TrapOepevoi KaKov aXXoSa-nrotcrt
T> vi /JJe^O'* \ ' fl J '\ T
a)? ecpac/ , ^/icy o avre /care/cXacrc/^ q>i\ov *qrop,
$eLcrdi>T(t)i> <f)66yyov re fiapvv avrov re
dXXa /cat W
rot
260 7rai^roiot9 dvefjiOKTiv vnep /xeya Xatr/Aa
ot/caSe te/xet'ot, d'XXi^v 6861^ dXXa
7)\6ofJLV OVTCt) 7TOV
Xaot 8' 'ArpefSea) 'Ayayu,e)u,^ovo9
TOU 8^ vut' ye /aeytcTToi' virovpdviov /cXeo9 ecrrtV
265 rocrcrrjv yap SteVeptre TroXti' /cat d7ra>X.eo-e Xaou9
7ToXXou9. T7jLtet9 8' avre Ki^avo^evoi rd era yovva
t/co/ae^', t rt 770/3019 ^CLVTJLOV ye /cat dXXw9
801179 $(t)TlW)V, T! T 6il>(t)V QefMLS CCTTtV.
' \ \ * '$ " i ' /) ' ' O' / >
aAA. atoeto, cpeptcrre, c/eov9 t/cerat oe rot et
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 85
270 Zet>9 8* eVtrt/x^'rcup iKerdtov re tfcuwv re,
etVto9, 09 ^tLvoLCTLv ct/x' atSototcrt*'
019 e'<d/xi7i', 6 Se' tt' avrtV d/xet)8ero
' VTJTTLOS et9, w ^et^', 17 r^XoOev elXtj\ov0a<5,
09 fie $eov9 /ce'Xeat 17 SetSt/ae^ 17 aXt
275 ou yap Kv/cXwvre? Ato? atytd^ov d
ovSe ^eaiv fjLai<dpa)v, eVet T) vroXu
ou8' av e'yw Atos e\0o<; d
cure (rev ou$' erapwi/, et /x-^ ^v/xd? /xe /ceXevot.
dXXa /xot et(^)', OTT^ ecr^e? Jow e'vepyea vrya,
280 17 TTOV eV e'cr^aTt^?, 77 /cat cr^eSdt', d(/>pa Saetw.'
w? </>dro Tretpd^wi/, e'/xe 8' ou \d6ev etSdra TroXXd,
dXXd tuv ctyoppov Trpo(Tfj)r)v 80X1019 eVe'ecro-tv
ea /xeV /xot /care'a^e IIoo"et8da)v Ivocri^Odtv
eVl TreipacTL yati79,
285 &Kp~[) 7rpoo"7reXdcra9 di^e/xo9 8' eV TTOI^TOV eVet/cev
avrap eyci crui/ roto"8e vvre'/c^vyov alirvv o\e6pov.'
W9 e^dfirjv, 6 Se' tt' ov8e
>\\> V > > Ji^- e / j \
aXA o y a^aiga9 era/3ot9 e?rt
crvi/ Se 8vw p.dp\^a<; a>9 re o~KvXa/ca9 TTOTI yatT/
290 KOTTT' e'/c 8' e'yKe / (^aXo9 ^ajad8i9 /ae'e, Seve Se yatat*.
rov9 Se Sta /xeXeio"Tt rattcoi^ WTrXiVcraro Sopirov
r)(T0i 8' W9 re Xe'eui' 6/3ecrtrpo<^o9, ovS' a
ey/card re crdpKa^ re /cat oore'a ttueX
i7/xet9 Se /cXatoi/re9 dveo"^eOoyiev Att
295 o~^erXta e/3y' 6pdwvre9, dfirj^avLrj 8'
avrdp eVet Kv/cXaii/; tteydX^i^ e'/x7rX^o"aro
dvSpd/xea /cpe'' eSw^ /cat eV aKprjTOv ydXa
/cetr' eVrocr^' avrpoio rai/vo"o~dttei'O9 Std
rov ttei' eytu ftovXevcra. /caret tteyaXr^ropa
300 oicra'ov lav t<o ou evcro"dtte^o irapd
86 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
ovrct/xei/at 77/305 ernj^os, oOi (frpcves rjTrap
\ip y eVt/xao~o~ct/xei'O5 erepo5 Se' /xe $v/xo5 epv/cei>.
avrov yap /ce /cat att/xe5 ctTr&jXd/xe^' aiirvv o\z0pov
ov yap Key Swatiecr^a Ovpawv i
305 ^po~lv avrajcracr^at \i6ov oftpiiJiov, ov
wg Tore /xe^ crreya^oyre? e/>ieu>a/Aei> 'Hoi Sta
^/xo? 8' lypiyeVeta fydviq ^oSoSa/crvXos 'Hey?,
/cat Tore Trvp dveKate KOI
irdvTa Kara fJLolpav, /cat VTT
310 avrdp eVct 8^ (TTrevcre Tro^cra/xe^os ra a epya,
crw 8' o ye 8r) avre 8va> p,dp\^a<^ ajTrXtcro'aTo Se
8' dvrpov e^TJXacre TTLOVCL /x7yXa,
eXwy dvpebv peyav avrdp eVetra
ax/; iTreOrjXi <W5 et re ff)apTpy TTW/X' eTn
315 TroXXrJ Se poi^o) Trpo? o/ao? rpeVe iriova
Kv/cXwi// aura/3 e'yai XLTTO^V KO.KOL
et TTOJS Tto-atttT^v, 80117 8e' /aot ev^o? '
T7*Se 8e' ttot /caret Ovpov dpicrrr) (fraivero /3ov\TJ.
Kv/cXajTTO? ya/3 e/cetro /xeya poiraXov napd cn7/ca>,
320 \o)ov eXatveov TO
TO /xey a/x/xe? eur/coiiei> etcropw^re?
o&crov 6* I(TTOV 1/1765 eet/cocrdpoto /xeXatvi75,
<^>oprt8o5 ev/3eti75, 17 r' e/CTrepaa /xeya Xatrtta
rdcro'oi' 171' /x^/co5, rdo~o"o^ 7701^05 etcropaao~^at.
325 TOV /xey oo~oi> r' opyuiav eya)v direKo^a 7ra/3ao"ra5
/cat TrapeOr)^ era/3oto~ti/, aTrofua'at Se /ce / Xeuo*a.
ot 8' 6/xaX6y Trofycrav ' e'yci 8' e'^dwo-a 7ra/>ao-ra5
a/cpov, d(f>ap 8e Xa^Saiy eVupa/creoi' eV Trvpt
/cat ro /xev eu KaTedrjKa /cara/cpui//a5 VTTO
330 17 pa /cara o"7retov5 /ce^vro /xeyaX' r)\i0a TTO\\TJ
avrdp rov5 aXXou5 /cXr^pw TreTraXdcrdaL avajyov,
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 I. 87
05 rt? To\fj,TJa'iei> e'xtot crvv p,o^(Xbv ctetpas
rp//at eV' 6^>^aX/xw, ore rov yXu/cug VTTVOS t/cdVot.
ol 8' eXa^ov, row? aV /ce /cat rjOekov avros eXe'o-#at,
335 re'o~o~ape9, avrap e'yco TrextTrros /xera Tolcrw
ecrvreptos 8' rj\6ev KaXXtr/at^a /x^Xa
avTLKa 8' etg evpv cnreos i^Xacre iriova. /rr?Xa
TTOLVTO. ttaX', ov8e rt Xetvre fiaOefys cvroOev a
^ Tt ou^a/xevos, 17 /cat ^09 wg e/ceXevcrei^.
340 avrap eVetr' eVe^/ce Ovpeov /xeyai^ vtyocr detpas,
eo/xei'05 8' ^/xeXye^ ot? /cat /xT7/ca8a? atya?,
Troivra Kara fAolpav, /cat UTT' epftpvov rjKev e/cctcrr^.
aura/3 eVet 8^ crTreOcre Tro^cra/xe^o? ret a e/oya,
cruv 8' o ye 8>) avre 8ua> /xap\|;a9 WTrXtorcraro Sopnov.
345 /cat roV eyw Kv/cXco7ra 7rpoo"Y)v$(t)v a.yx L """ctpacrra?,
/ctcrcrv^8tov /xera ^epcrlv fycov /xe'Xavo? oivoio
' Kv/cXan/f, r^, Trte oivov, eVet (^aye? dv8po/xea /cpe'a,
' 18775, oloV rt TTOTOV ro8e ^171)5 e/ce/cev^etv
crot 8' av \oi(Br)v <f>epov, et
350 ot/caSe 7re/xi//eta5 <rv 8e /xat^eat ov/cer'
(T^erXte, TTW? /ceV rt? ere /cat vcrrepov aXXo? T/cotro
a.v6 ptoTraiv TroXeW, eVet ov /caret /xotpav epe^a? ; '
?> > I / t O> V^ \ V V >
w? e^axiTyi^, o o eoe/cro /cat e/cmei/ Tjcraro o
i^Su TTOTOV TTIV<DV /cat /x' ^ree SevVepov avrt?
355 ' 805 /xot ert Trpo^pwz/, /cat /xot reoi^ oui/o/xa etTre
avrt/ca z/uv, ti^a rot 8a> ^etVtov, w /ce cru ^atpr^?.
/cat yap Ku/cXw77eo"O"t <^epet etS<wpos apovpa
olvov e'pto~rcx^)vXo^, /cat cn^iv Ato? o/x^8po? de'^et
dXXa ro8' d/x^8poo~tT75 /cat ye'/crapo? e'crrti/
360 cS? <^>dr', drctp ot avrt? e'yai iropov aWoira oivov.
rpt? xtei^ eSw/ca <epwi>, rptg 8' e/CTTte^
avrap eVet Kv/cXw7ra Trept
88 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
/cat Tore 877 [uv eVecro-i Trpoa-rjvocov
' Ku/cXon//, eipo>ra<? tt' oVo/xa /cXvroV, avrap e'ycu rot
365 egepea) cru Se' /xot 869 ^etVto*', 019 vrep uTre'crrTig.
Ourt? e'/xot y' 6Vo/xa Ourt^ Se tie KLK\tja'Kovo~iv
-^Se irarrjp ^8' aXXot Trai/re? eratpot.'
^dp.rjv, o Se /u,' O.VTIK djae
eyei TTV^CLTOV e8o/xat /aera ot? e
370 rev? 8' aXXov? irpovdev TO Se rot eivTJiov ecrrat.'
i^ /cat dt'a/cXtv^et? Trecrev VTrrto?, avrap eVetra
' aTToSo^/xwcras Tfar^yv av^eva, /ca8 Se /xti/ VTTVOS
TravSajtxctrajp <$>a.pvyo<$ 8' e^eVtri/ro
x//a>ju,ot r' avSpopeoi 68' epevyero
375 /cat TOT' e'yw ro^ po^Xbv viro (TTroSov ^Xacra
etw9 OeppaivoiTO eVecro't Se TrdVras eratjoov?
ddpo-vvov, [JLij Tt? /xot uTroSewra? d^aSi^;.
\\>V O> /> \\ J\/ > N
aXX ore or) ra^ o /xo^Xo? eXati'os / 7ru/3t
ai|;eo"^at ^Xwpo? Trep e'wt', Ste^atVero 8'
380 /cat TOT' eyaW dcrvov fyepov IK vrvpo?, dja^t 8' eratpot
to"Tai^r' aura/3 ddpcros iveiTVvo~v /xeya Sat]awi>.
ot /xe^ fjio^Xbv eXdi^re? eXdtvo^,
o<f>6a\fjL(t) eVepetcrav eya 8' e<j>
Stveov, W9 ore rt9 Tpviru $6pv vrjiov d
385 rpuTrdVw, ot Se' r* tvepOev V7roo~o~etoucrtv t/xdz/rt
d\l)dfjievoL e/cdrep^e, ro Se rpe^et e'/x/xei'e? atet.
c6? rou ei^ 6(^^aX/xw irvpLTjicea p,o)(\bv eXoVres
Stve'o/xe^, roi/ 8' af/xa nepippee deppbv LOVTOL.
irdvTa Se ot /SXec^ap' attest /cat o(f)pva<; euo~ez/ d
390 yX^Vr/? /cato/xeVT)?, cr^apayevVro Se' ot Trupt pt^at.
cJ 8' or' dvvjp ^aX/cevg Tre'Xe/cv^ /xeyav ?)e o~Keira.pvov
elv vSart x|/u^/3o> /BdiTTT) /xeydXa td^o^ra
(f>ap[Jidoro-(t)v ro yap avre crtS^pou ye /cpdro? icrriv '
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 89
w? TOU cri' 6<$aX/xc>9 eXatWw Trept
395 crttepSaXeW Se /xey' w/x,a>^e^, Trept 8' ta^e
17/1x619 8e SetVavre? aTrecrcru/xe^' avrdp 6
e^epvcr' 6<f)0ap,oio 7re(vp/xeVoi' at/xart TroXXaJ.
TOI> /xeV eVetr' epp//ez/ diro eo ^epcrlv d
avrap 6 Ku/cXwTra? /xeyaX' Trjrrvev, ot
400 a>Kov iv <nri].crari 8t' a/cpta?
ot Se /3o^5 dtoi/re? e^otraj^ a\\o6ev aXXo?,
tcrra/ie^ot S' eipovro irepl (TTreo?, orrt e KTJ&OI
' riVre TOCTOI>, IIoXv^/x', dp^/xeVo? cSSe /So^o-a?
VVKTO. St' diJ,/3poa'Lr)v /cat duvn'ou? d/x/xe TL0r)o-0a;
405 -^ yu,>y Tt? crev fj*fj\a fipoTtov aeKovros e'Xawet ;
^ '' >>\ / s>\
XT Tt? o" avrov KTeit'et ooAw
rov? 8' aur' e^ avrpov
ot 8' aTrafJLei/BojjLevoi eirea TTTepoevr' ayopevov
>i/ 4 >V ? N x/ Q ' f ''
410 et /xei> OT) /xr; rt? ere pta^erat otoi^ eovra,
^oucrov y' ov 7ra>5 ecrrt Ato? /xeydXou dXeacr^at,
dXXa, o~v y' ev^eo Trarpl IlocretSdwvt di/a/crt.'
cS? dp' e<cu> aTTtovre?, e'/aot' 8' eyeXacrcre <j>i\ov Krjp,
w? oi'Oja' e^oiTrdTrjcrev e/xo^ /cat /xr^rts d/xv/xwv.
415 Kv/cXem/f 8e (TTevci^a)v re /cat a38iVwi> oSwrycrtv
^epcrt \jjr)\a(j)6a)v OLTTO ptv \i6ov elXe Ovpacav,
avrog 8' etvt OvprjfTi KaOei^ero X e ^P e verdcTa-as,
ei nvd TTOV Lter' oecrcrt Xd^Sot crrei^o^ra Bvpal^e
ovT(o yap TTOV /x' TjXTrer' eVt (^pecrt VTJTTLOV et^at.
420 avrap e'yai /SovXevo^, OTTCO? o^' dptcrra yeVotro,
et rt^' eratpotcrti' Qavdrov Xvo~ti> 7)8' ettot avr&5
rrdvras 8e SdXov9 /cat /xrjrt^ vfyawov
re Trept 1/01^9 ' /xeya yap KaKov eyyvOev rjev.
8e /xot /card 0vp,ov dpicrrrj (frawero fiovXrj.
90 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
425 apcreves oie? y(rav eurpe^ee? Sao~v/xaXXot,
KaXoi re tieydXoi re, ioSi>e<^>es elpos
row? a.Ka)v (rvveepyov evo~Tpe<e'eo~o~
rrjs eVi Kv/cXwi// evSe TreXwp d$e/xio~Tia eiSw<j,
ervvrpet? aivv/xevo? 6 /xeV eV //.euw ai/Spa
430 TO) S' erepa) CKarepBev iTrjv craiovTes eratpov?.
Tpet? Se e/cacrrov <^a)r' ot9 <f>epov avrap eyw ye
apveios yap erjv fj,TJ\(t)i> o^' dptcrro? aTrd^rcuv,
rov Kara vwra \a(3a>v, XacrLrjv VTTO yacrrep'
KLjj,r)v avrap yepcriv darrov 0cnrecriOio
435 i>a)\fjia)<s crrpe^^et? e^o/x^v rerX^ort 6v^u>.
at? Tore /xev (TTevd^ovre^ e/aetVa/Ae^ 'Hw Stav
-^/xo9 S' ??/3iyeWia (^011/17 /5o8o8d/crvXo9 '
/cat rdr' en-ctra vopovft c^ecrcrvro oipcreva
OijXeiai Se jae/x^/coi/ dvTJfMeXKTOL Trepl cr^/cov?
440 ovOara yap a~<f)apayevi>TO. ava S' oSw^crt
retpd/xevo? TTOLVTUV oiaiv eVe/xatero I'tora
opBo>v ecrTaoTtov TO Se v^Vto? ou/c eVdrycre^,
W9 ot UTT' etpoTrd/cajt' oiwv crrepvotcrt, Se'Sez/ro.
vcrraro? dp^eto? fjL~rj\(t>v ecrret^e $upae
445 Xd^vo) crTeivofJLevos KOLL e'/xot Tru/ctt'
TOV S* eVt/xacro'd/Lte^o? Trpocre^rj /cparepog
' /cpte TreVoi^, rt /u,ot wSe Sid crWo? eVcrvo
vcrraro? ; ov rt Trdpo? ye XeXet/u,/xeVo9 ep^eat
dXXd TroXu Trpwro? ve/xeat repev' dvBea 7701175
450 fjiaKpd /StySd?, TrpwTO? Se pod? Trora/xw^ d^t/c
Trpwro? Se o-Ta#/xoVSe XtXateat drroveecrffai
eo"7repto5 vvi' avre 7ra^vo"raro5. 17 o~v y ava/cro?
6<f>0a\fjibv T
o~w Xvypots erdpoto"t
455 Ouri<j, 6V ov TTW </)i7ju,t Tre^uy/xeVo*' etvat o\0pov.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 91
et 877 o[JLO(j)poi>eoL<; 7roTi<f>a}VTjei.<; re yeVoto
et7reu>, OTTTTTJ /cetvo? ejjiov /xeVo? lyXacr/cd^ei
TO) K ol e'y/ce'<aXd<? ye Std cnreos dXXuSi<? d
06LVOfJLVOV pOLLOLTO 7T/3O? OuSei, KCtS Se' K' e'/AOZ'
460 Xax^creie KOLKWV, ra /xot ovriSai/o? iroptv
w? eliraiv TOV Kpibv O.TTO eo 7re/x7re Ovpa^e.
i\66vT.<; 8' r)fia.iov 0.776 crTretov? re /cat
VTT' d/3i/etou Xvd/x^t', vtreXvcra S' e
8e ra /arJXa rai^auTroSa, TTLOVO.
465 TroXXa ire piT POTT eovrts IXavvofjLev, o<f>p' eVl
tKo/u,e$'. acnrdo'LOL 8e ^tXot? erdpotcrt
ot <f)vyofjii> BdvoiTov, rov? Se <TTevd\ovTO
dXX' eyai ov/c etwi/, d^a S' 6(f>pvcn vevov e/cdcrrw,
K\aiLV, dXX' e/ceXev(ra $oa>s /caXXirpt^a /xrJXa
470 TroXX' eV vT^t ^SaXoi/ra? eTrnr\iv dX^vpov v$o)p.
ol S' atr//' tlcrfiaiLvov KOI CTTI K\rjl(rL KaOl^ov,
e^5 8' eoju,ei>oi TroXt^ dXa TVTTTO^ e
dXX' ore ro(Tcro^ dTTTJv, ocrcrov re yeyajve
/cat TOT' cyti Kv/cXw7ra 7rpoo"r)v
475 ' Kv/cXwi|/, OVK dp' e)aeXXe5 di^dX/ctSo? di/Spog eratpov?
eV crTrrJt yXa^vpw /cparep^t fii-r)(j)i,i>.
l \irjv <r4 y e/xeXXe /ct^iycrecr^at /ca/cd epya,
eVet ^etVovs ov^ d^eo <ra> eVl ot/coj
rw ere Zeu? ricra.ro /cat ^eot dXXot.'
480 c5? efidfji'Yjv, 6 8' eTretra ^oXwcraro KTjpoBi
T^/ce 8' diropp"ijas Kopvfirjv opeo? /xeydXoto,
/cd8 8' e)8aXe irpOTrdpoiBe ve6<? KvavoTrpwpoi
rvrffov, eoevrio~v 8' oii/]ioi> ditpov t/cecr^at.
K\vo~0r) Se OdXacrcra. /carep^o/xeVr;? UTTO
485 -r>)i> 8' ail; r)7Tip6vo TraXippoSiov <f>epe /cv/xa,
e'/c Trwroto, ^eaa>cre 8e
92 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
avrap e'ycu ^et/aecrcrt Xa/3oJi> Trepi/x^'/cea KOVTOV
e'if, erdpotcrt 8 ' eiroTpvvas e'/ce'Xeuo"a
Trry?, tv' U7re/c /ca/cdr^ra <uyotyaej>,
490 Kparl Karavevajv ol Se npoirecrovTes epecro'ov.
dXX' ore Sr) 8t roVcro^ aXa Trpijcro'ovTts aTrrj/jiev,
/cat Tore 877 Ku/cXa>7ra Trpoo"r)v$a)v ajjujil 8' eralpoi
eTreietrcrtv epiJTvov d\Xo0ev aXXo?
, TtVr' e^eXet? IpeOi^ejjLev aypiov
495 05 /cat i>w Trdvrot'Se (Ba\.a)v y
avrt5 e? i^Tret/oo^, /cat Sr) (ftdpei' avroB' oXecr^at.
et Se ^>Bey^a^4vov rev 17 av8^cra^ro5 aKovcrev,
aijv Kv apa^' rjfJLa)v /ce^aXag /cat vryta Sovpa
[jLCLp[j,dpq) OKpioevri ySaXwj' rdcrcrov ya/3 t^crtv.'
500 065 (^ctcrav, dXX' ov ireWov Ifjibv /xeyaX^ropa
clXXa /xti' aifjoppov irpocr<j>'ir]v /ce/cor^drt $tyzw
' Ku/cXwt/;, at /ceV Tt? o~e KaTa.6vY]TO)v dv6pa>7r(t)v
o<f>0a\fjiov eZprjTai det/ceXtVyp' dXacurw,
<f>dcr0aL 'OSucrcr^a TrroknropOiov e
505 vtov Aae/aretu, 'I^ct/cr/ eVt ot/ct'
<U5 e(f>dp.7}v, 6 8e /a' ot/Aa>a
' eS TTOTTOI, 97 /aciXa Sr; jue TraXat^ara Be&fyaO* t/cdvet.
ecr/ce 7T5 ev0d$e /tdz/rt5 d^/3 ^us re /Aeya5 re,
TT7Xe/xo5 Evpu/xtSi]? 05 pavToa-vvr) e/ce/cao*ro
510 /cat jaavreudjaevo5 /careyif/aa Kv/cXcoTrecro'tv
05 /xot ^17 rdSe irdvra TeXevnja'eo-O 'at o
^etpwv e^ 'O8vo-^o5 dfjiaprijcrecrBaL O
dXX' atet rt^a (f>a>ra fj.eyav /cat /caXoi/ e'
515 vvi* Se /u,' ew^ oXtyog re /cat ourtSavo? /cat a/a/ai?
o<f)0a\[Jiov dXdwcre^, evret /x' eSajudo~o~aro
dXX' dye Sevp', 'OSvcreu, t^a rot Trap ^etVta
POSEIDON.
'Central Museum, Athens.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 I. 93
6/xe^at K\VTOV evvoa-iyaiov
rov yap e'yw vrats ei/xt, uarr^p 8* e/xo? ev^erat elvai
520 avrog 8', at /c' 0\r)(T\ tTyVerat, ovSe' rts aXXo?
ovre #ew^ ^a/capa^ ovre
c5? (f>ar\ avrap eyw
' at yap 877 t/a>x??5 re Kat atw^dg (re
ev^tz/ Trotifcra? 7re)ai/;at So/uoi' ^AtSo? etcrw,
525 tus OVK 6<j>0a\fJLOi' y t^trerat ovS' eVocrt^^wv.'
', 6 8' erretra IlocretSaw^t OLVOLKTL
opeya)v et? ovpavov
, ITocretSao^ yanjo^e
et T.6v ye (rd? etyut, iraTrjp 8' eyaos ev^eat etvat,
530 805 ^77 'OSvcrcr^a TTTO\nr6p6iov ot/ca8' tf
[vtoi/ Aaeprew, 'WaKT) evi otKt" e^o^ra].
d\X' et ot /x,ot/3* ecrrt ^>tXov? r' tSeeti> /cat t/cecr^at
OLKOV IvKTifJievov /cat o)^ e? TrarptSa
6i//e /ca/cwg eX^ot, oXeicra? aTro TrdWas e
535 ^09 eV aXXorptTi?, evpoi 8' et' TT^/xara ot/cw.'
w? ec^ar' eu^djae^o?, rov 8' e/cXue /cva^o^atrr/?.
avrap o y e^avrt? TroXv /xet^o^a Xaaz^ detyoa?
^Jj^ / >/ OVT'/\/}
77 /c emoti'Ticra?, e-Trepetcre oe tf avre \eupov,
/cdS 8' e/SaXet' /aero7rto'$e i/eo? KvavoTrpa>poio
540 TVT&OV, e'SevTi.crei' 8' OLTJLOV aicpov t/ceV^at.
K\v(T0r) 8e OdXacrcra /carep^ojaeVry? VTTO TreTprjs
Se Trpocra) </>epe /cuyaa, ^e^Ltaicre 8e ^pa~ov t/ceV^at.
dXX' ore ST) TT)^ vrjcrov d<^t/cd/u,e^', eV^a vrep aXXat
e'ucrcreX^tot fj,evov ct^pdat, afji(f>l 8' eratyoot
545 etar' oSvpd/xevot, T^/xe'a? 7rort8ey/xevot atet,
^a /xev eV#' e'X^d^reg e'/ce'Xcra/xei/ eV
e/c Se /cat aurot ^^ev eVt p-^y^lvi 6a\d(Tcrr)<;.
a 8e Kv/cXw7TO<? yXa^vp^? e'/c 1/7769
94 HOMER'S ODYSSEY IX.
09 prf rt? poi areju/o/Aei'os KOL
550 apveiov 8' e'/tol otw ev/ci7/u8es eratjoot
v Saio/xeVwj' Socrai' e^o^a rov 8' eVt
K\aiV<j)i K/oo^tSi^, 05
s /AT7pt' Kaiov 6 8' ov/c
o ye fjLepfjiTjpt^ei', oVw? a-TroXotaro Trcurat
555 ^ eucr(reX/xot /cat e'/xo! ept^/ae? eratpoi.
cS? Tore /zeV Trpowav ypap e's ^e'Xtov /caraSwra
rjfjieOa Saivv^evoi Kpea r acnrera KOI fjieOv r)$v
97/xos S' ^eXto? KareSv Kal eVl Kvefyas y\0ev,
Srj Tore KOip,r)0r)iJLv CTTI pyyjJLLVi 6a\dcro"Yj<;.
560 >7/>ios S' ^ptyeVeta (^a^ ^ooSoSa/cruXo? 'Hwg,
8^ TOT' eyaiv erdpoicrLp eVoTpwa? eVe'Xevcra
avrov? T' dpfBaiveiv dva. re Trpv^vija-ia Xvo*at
ot S' all/;' elcrfiaivov /cat eVt /cX^to-t KaOl^ov,
e^5 8' eo/Aei>oi TroXt^v aXa TVTTTOI' e'
565 eV#ev 8e Trporepa) TT\o/j,e
e/c davdroio, (^tXov? oXecra^Te? e
OMHPOT OAT22EIA2 K.
['A\KVOV diro \o-yoi.]
To. Trepl AtdXou /cat Aatcrr pvyovatv /cat
" AtoXtrjz/ 8' e? vrj(Tov d^>i/cd/xe0' eV#a 8'
AtoXog 'iTTTroTdS^s, (1X09 aOavoiToicn Oeoicnv,
eVt vr)<ju> Tracrav Se re /xtt' Trept
ppr)KTOi>, Xicrcrr) 8'
5 roi) /cat SwSe/ca TratSe? eVt /xeydyaot?
e^ /xei^ ^vyarepe?, e^ 8' fteie? r)
<ivd y o ye Bvyarepas iropev vldcriv eu'at d/cotrt?
ot 8' atet Trapa irarpl <f>i\a> /cat fjLrjrepL K$vf)
SaiVvi'Tat, Trapa 8e cr^tv o^etara /xv/ata /cetrat,
10 Kvicrrjev 8e re Saj/xa Treptorret'a^t^erat avX^
77/aara ^u/cra? 8* avre Trap' atSoti^? d
euSovo-' ev re TaV^crt /cat eV rp^rotcrt
/cat jLtei^ rwt' LKOfjieo'Oa iroXiv /cat 8w/Ltara /caXa.
fjLr}va 8e 7rai/ra ^>tXet /xe /cat e^epeewev e/cacrra,
15 '^iXtoi' 'Apyeiajv re z/ea? /cat t'dcrTov 'A^atwv
/cat /xeV e'y&j rw Trdi/ra /caret /xotpav /careXe^a.
> \ \ > * Ov >> v <^v v
aA.A ore or) /cat eyco^ oooi^ r)Teov
TrejaTre/xei/, ov8e rt /cett'o? avrfvaro, rev^e 8e
Sai/ce Se /A' e'/cSetpa? OLCTKOV /8oo? eWewpoto,
20 eV^a Se fivKracov avefuw /care'S^cre /ce'Xev^a
96 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
yap Tapfyv di/e'/AWJ' TTOLrjcre Kpoviajv,
7TavefJivai 178' opvvfJiev, 6V K e0eXr)O'LV.
vr]i 8' eVt yXa<j>vpf) /care'Set fjLepfjuBi <f)aewfj
dpyvper), Iva jJLTfj n TrapaTrvevcrr) o\iyov Trep
25 avrdp e'jaol Trvoiyv Zi<j>vpov TrpoerjKtv a
6(f>pa <j)poL vrjds re /cat avrovs ovS' ap
re KCU
ctTry 8' 17817 dp'e^atVero irarpls apovpa,
30 /cat 8r) TrvpTroXeo^ra? eXevtrcro/Aev e'yyvs eovres
ev^' /xe /xey yXv/cv? VTTVOS Tnj\v0e /ce/c/xT^wra,
ate! yap 77oSa ^1709 eVw/xwi^, ovSe rw dXXa>
Sai^' erdpwv, u>a dacrcrov LKoifj.e0a TrarptSa yatai'
ot 8' erapot eVeiecrcrt 7rp6< dXX>yXov5 dyopevov
35 /cat /it' <f>a.<ra.v ^pvcrov re /cat apyvpov ot/ca8' dyecrOai
8aipa Trap' AtoXou /xeyaXr^ropo? '
wSe Se rt<? iTr(TKv i$o)i> e? TrX
' c3 TroTrot, w<? oSe Tracrt c^tXo? /cat rt'/uo? i
dv^pwTTOt?, orewv re TTO\LV /cat yatai/ t/c^rat.
40 TToXXa /xet' e/c Tpot-^g dyerat /cet/a^'Xta /caXd
X^tSo?, T7/xet5 8' aure 6fJLr)v 6Sov e/creXeoraz^re?
ot/caSe vLcro'Ofj.eOa Keveas a~vv ^etpa? e
/cat w^ ot rd8' e8w/ce ^apt^d/aevo?
AtoXo?. dXX' dye Oacra'ov tSw/ae^a, orrt rd8' ecrrti/,
45 ocro-o? rt? ^pvtrd? re /cat dpyvpog dcT/ca)
cS? e^acrav, /8ovX^ Se /ca/c^
dfTKov p.ev Xvo"av, dve^oi 8' e/c Trd^re? 6pov(rav.
TOVS 8' atx//' dpTrd^atra (ftepev trovrov^e 6ve\\a
/cXatoi^ra?, yatr/? aTro TrarptSo?. avrdp e'yw ye
50 e'ypd/xevo? /caret Ovfjibv d^v^ova.
^e TTe<T(*>v K 1076? diro^O'L^v eVt
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 97
-q oLKeojv r\a.ir]v /cat ert ajotcrt fj.eTeirjv.
dXX' T\r)v /cat ejaeti/a, KaXwjjdfMevos 8' i>i vrji
Keip.Tjv. at S' <f>epovTo /ca/crj d^e/xoio OveXXrj
55 avrt9 CTT' AioXirjv vfjcrov, (TTtvayovro S' eratpot.
ev^a S' CTT' rjTretpov fifjfjitv KOL a<ucrcra/u,e#' vSwp,
aii//a 8e SetTTfoi' e\ovro dorfs Trapa vr]\)a\v eratpot.
avrap eVel crtrotd r' eVao-cra/xe^ ' ^8e TTOT^TO?,
8^ ror' eyci KijpvKa. r' ovracrcra/Aei'o? /cat eralpov
60 /8>Jv et? AtoXou /cXvra Sw/x.ara TO^ Se
Trapa rj r* dXo^w /cat otcrt
S' e? Saijuta Trapa crra^/Ltotcrt^ CTT' ov8ov
ot 8' aVa dvpov edd^/Beov CK r epeovro
OSv<re{) ; rt? rot /ca/co?
65 ^ ^teV a*' eVSv/ceaj? a7r7re/x7ro/xe^, d<^p' d^t/coto
7rar/3t'8a <r^ /cat Sai/xa /cat t TTOU rot <j>l\ov i
ws (frdcrav, avrdp eyai ju,ere<eWov d
' aacrdv /a' erapot re /ca/cot 77/369 roicri re
cr^eVXtog. dXX' d/ceicracr^e, <^>tXot Swa/xt? yap eV v
70 019 (f)d[j,r)v /xaXa/cotcrt Ka
ot 8' dVeoj eyevovTO iraTrjp S' 7^u,et)8eTO
' epp' e'/c vijcrov BoLcrcrov, eXey^tcrre
ov yap /xot $e/zt9 etrrt /co/xt^e/xet' ouS'
aVSpa rot*, 09 /ce Oeolcriv di
75 eppe, eVet dpa 6eoi<riv d7re^^d/xei/o9 rdS' t/cdVei9
a>9 eiTratv dTreVe/xTre Sd/u,a>^ /3aped
ev^6v 8e vrporepcy TrXeo/xe
retpero 8' dVSpwi; ^v/xo9 VTT' etpecrtT79
fj/jLereprj /oiart^, eVet ov/cert <^atVero
80 e^/xap /xet' 6/XW9 TrXeo/xev w/cra9 TC /cat ^
arrj 8' t/cd/xecr^a Ad/xou aiTrv TTTO\L0pov,
A.<uo-Tpiryovir)i>, oBi Trot/aeVa
98 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
rjirvti eto'eXawi', 6 Se' T' ct;\d(t>v t>7ra/covet.
v0a K' dwrrvos dvyp Sotous e^TJparo (JLicr
85 rot' fj.ev /Sou/coXe'toi;, rov 8 ' dpyv<j)a p.rj\a
e'yyvs yap VVKTOS re /cat ^/txaro? eto"t /ce'Xev#ot.
IvO* eVet 9 Xt/xeW K\VTOI> ^X^o/xei/, 6V
>}Xt)8aro5 rerv^/ce Sta/Avrepe? d
a.KTa.1 Se TT/ao^SX^re? evavTiau
90 eV ord/Ltart Trpov^ov(nv, dpair) 8' euroSo? e
eV^' 01 y' eto-cu Travres e^oj^ veias d/u,<i,eXTcra9-
at /utev ap' cmocrdev Xt/aeVo? xotXoto SeSevro
ou /u,ev yap TTOT' ae^ero KVfid y iv avr&>,
*>\/ \ \O>T
OVT oAtyot', ACV/CT) o ^
95 avrdp eyatv oto? cr^lOov ea) vrja
aurov 7r' ecr^artry, 7rerpi7?
ecrrriv Se (TKotrLrjv e'? 7rat7raXoeo"cra^ dve\9a>v
evBa /Ltet oure ^8oa>v our' dv^pwv (^atVero e/aya,
KOLTTVOV 8' OtOV 6pa)fJiV ttTTO ^OoVOS dlGTCTOVTa.
100 87) TOT' e'yaii/ eTapov? Trpoteiv TTevBecrdau. to
ot Ttve? avp$ tiev eVt ^0ovl CTITOV e
aj/Sjoe Suw KptVa? rpiTarov Ktjpv^ a/x
ot 8' tcrav eV^Sai/Te? Xefyv 6SoV, 17 ?re/3 a
ao~Tu8' a<' vfy"r)\<i)v opecov
105 Kovprf Se ^v/x/8X^i/TO vrpo curreo? v
ifjir) AatcrT/auyo^o? '
dp e'? Kpiqvr]v Kare^TJa-ero Ka\\ip4e6pov
fvBev yap vScop irporl dcrrv <j>epeo-Kov
ot Se Trapi(rrd^evoi Trpocrefytoveov e/c T' epeovro,
110 o<? Tt? Twt'S' etT/ ^8ao"tXev5 /cat Totcrti^ dvda'croL
r) 8e /xaX' avrt/ca vraT/aog cne^paSev injjepe^es Sw.
ot 8' eVet eio'^X^ov /cXvra Scei^taTa, T^ Se yvvala
evpov, oa~T)v T' o/3o? Kopv(j)tjv, /caTa S' e&Tvyov
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 99
f) 8' au/;' e' dyo/ar;? e'/cdXet K\VTOV '
115 6V TrdfTtv, 05 Sr) rotate efjiijcraTO Xvypbv o
co7rXtcro"aro
ra> oe Ov a
aura/3 6 rev^e ^80^ Sta dcrreog ot 8' dt
fyoiTwv i(j)0ifj,OL Aatcrrpuyd^e? aXXoOev dXXo?,
120 jotvpiot, ov/c avftpecrcriv eot/cdres, dXXa Fi
ot /5' aTTO 77erpdajv avSpa^decrL ^E.p^a^tio
ftaXXov d(f)ap Se /ca/co? KovafBos Kara i^a? opupeiv
dv$>p<ji)v r 6X\vfjLvo}v vr]uv 0' d/xa dyw^vdaiv
l\6v^ 8' w? Tret/Doi/re? drepTrea Saira <f>epoi>To.
125 o^>p' ot TOW? oXeKOp- Xt/uteVo9 TToXvfBevQeos eVrds,
To<f>pa 8' eyw &(f)os 6i> /3uo~crd/xei/o5 Trapd
rw a7ro Tretcr/nar' e/coi/a veo? Kvavoirpupoio.
ati//a 8' e'jLtot? erdpoKTiv eVorpwa?
e/uySaXeai' /CWTT^?, tV vTre/c /ca/cdr^ra
130 ot 8' dXa TraVre? dveppufjav Setcrai^re? o\edpov.
o'taj? 8' e? TTO^TOV eV^pe^ea? <^vye Trer/aa?
e^r; avrdp at dXXat doXXees avrd^'
Se Trporepa) rrXeofjiev d/<a^/xe^ot yrop,
e/c OavdroLO, c^tXov? dXearaiTe? eratpou?.
135 Alanyv 8' e'g vrjcrov d^>t/co/xe^' eV^a 8' e
Atr^rao
8' eKye-yaTTfjv ^aecrLfjiftpoTov 'HeXtoto
r e/c IIe/3o-i7?, r^v 'H^ea^o? re'/ce TratSa.
140 eV$a 8' eV d/crrj? ^171 /car^yayd/u.eo'^a
eg Xt/aeW, /cat rt? ^eo? f)
TOT' e'/c/SdWeg 8vo r' rj^ara Kal Suo vv/cra?
dra) re /cat dXyeo~t 0vfjiov eSoi/res.
dXX' ore 8^ rpirov ypap e'v7rXd/ca/xo? re'Xecr' 'Hw?,
100 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
145 /cat TOT* eya)v e/xov ey^o? e\a>v Kal fydvyavov 6v
/capTraXt/twg Trapa vyos dvTJiov eg
ei 7TW5 epya tSot/xt fipoTwv evoTnjv re
e(TTJ)v 8e a-Koirirfv e'g TratTraXdeo-o-ai'
/cat /xot eetcraro KOLTTVOS OLTTO *x6ovo<s
150 Kip/CT/? eV /aeyapotcrt, Sta 8/DVjaa TTVKVOL Kal
a 8' eVetra /cara <f>peva Kal Kara
v^e'cr^ai, eVet tSoi' aWoira KOLTTVOV.
a8e 8e' /u,ot fypoveovn Soacrcraro KepSiov etvai,
Trpotir' iXOovr* CTTI ^770, ^o^ Kal
155 SetTH'Oi' Taipoi(Tiv Soyae^at Trpoepev re
dXX' ore 817 cr^eSov ^a Ktait' z/eo?
/cat Tore rt? /ae ^ea>i/ 6Xo(j>vpaTo JJLOVVOV eovra,
09 yoa /xot in^LKepcov eXa<f)ov peyav et? oSo
fJKev. 6 /xei' Trora/xovSe /car^tei' e/c vo^ov
160 Trto/otet'o? 8^ yap jati^ e^ei' /xeVo? ^eXtoto
TOV 8' eya> eK^aivovTa /car' a/cvr^crrtv /xeVa
ir\f)a TO 8* dvTiKpv 8opu ^aX/ceoi/ e
/ca8 8' eVecr' eV Kdvifpn fjiaKcov, dvro 8' eVraro 6vfj.6<;.
TW 8' eyco p,f3aLva>v Sdpu ^dX/ceov e^ curetX^g
165 etpvo"d/xT7i/ TO jitev av^t /caTa/cXtz/a? eVt yatry
etao"' avrdp e'yw cnracrdiJirji' pwTrds re Xuyov? Te,
vretcr/xa 8', oo"o^ T' opyviav, evcrT/ae^eg d
TrXe^djutevo? (rvveSrjcra TroSag Setvoto
/8r}^ 8e /caTaXo(d8eia <f>epa)v tirl vrja
170 ey^et e'petSo/xet'og, eVet ou TTW? ^e^ eV
^etpl (j>epeiv erepy /xdXa yap /xeya Bffptov
/ca8 8' e/3aXo*> Trpondpoide veos, dveyeipa 8' eratpovg
/xetXi^totg eVeWo-t irapa(TTa$bv dvSpa oeeufrov
' w c^tXot, ov yap TTW /caTa8vcrd/xe^' d^vvptvoc irep
175 etg 'AtSao 8d/x,ovg, Trptz/ /u,dpo-t/xof ^/xap e
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 101
dXX' dyT\ ofyp* v vr)l 0ofj /3/>wo-t9 re 77oVt9 re,
ok (f>dfjLr)v, ol 8' oi/ca e/xots e7re'ecr<Ti,
e/c Se /caXin/fd/Aez'ot irapa dlv* aX6? dr/auyeroio
180 QipjiravT eXa^oi/ /adXa ya/o /xeya 6r)piov rjev.
avrap eVet Tdpirrjcrav 6pa>fjLevoL 6<f)0a\(Jiol(nv,
//a^iei/ot reu^o^r' eptKvSea Satra.
Tore /xev irpo-nav ^pap e? ^eXtoi/ KaraSwra
Satvu/xet'ot /cpea r' acnrera /cat /xei^u 1781;
185 77^,09 8' ^e'Xto? KareSu /cat evrt /c^et^a?
Sr) Tore KOifjLTfj0rj[jLp eVt
rffjio<; 8' rjpiyVLa <f>dvr)
/cat TOT' eywt' ayop^v 0ep,vo<; jjLera Tratrtv tenrov
' /ce/cXure /xev p.v0a)v, /ca/ca Tre/3 7rdo"^orT5 eralpoi
190 w c^tXot, ou ya/3 T' t8/aei/, 07717 {d^og ov8' 07717 i^w?,
ou8' oTrry ^eXto? </jaea"t)a^8poTO? etcr' VTTO yata^,
ov8' 07717 ctwetTat dXXa (f>pa,a>[Jie0a 0ao~(rov,
et Tt? er' eicrTat /x^Tt?. eyw 8' ou/c oto/xat eti/at.
eTSoi^ yap CTKOTTI^V e? iranraXoecra'av a
195 vr)(Tov, rrjv nepi irovros aVetpiTos
CIUT^ 8e ^0afj,a\r) /cetTat Kafrvov 8' e^t
eSpaKov 6(f>0a\fjLol(TL 8ta 8pv/xa TTVKVCL /cat v
019 e<^d^ti7^, Tolcnv Se KaTK\d(T0r) fyiXov
fj,vr)a'ap,voL<; cpyant AcucrTpvyovos '
200 Kv/cXojTrd? TC ^81179 jaey
K:Xatoi^ 8e Xtyeiwg Bakepov Kara Sct/cpv
dXX' ov yap Tt? 77^^15 eytyveTO
aura/3 eyw 8t^a TrdvTa
r)pL0fji6ov, dp^bv 8e /XCT' d/jL^orepoiO'Lv OTracrcra
205 TWI> /ote^ eyoif rjpyov, rwv 8' Ev/auXo^o? ^eoetS^?
8' eV Kwe a\KTei Trd\\oiv oi/ca
102 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
e/c 8' 0ope K\rjpos yueyaXTyropos EupvXa^oto.
PTJ 8' teVat, a/xa rw ye Sva> /cat et/coo~' eratpot
/cXatWre? /caret 8' d'yujae \LTTOV yooaivras o-mcrBev.
210 evpov 8' eV fiija'O'rjcrL reruyjaeVa Sw/xara Kip/ays
^ecrrotcrt^ Xctecro-t, 7repto-/ceVr<w eVt
dp,(f>l Se jutv Xv/cot ^crai' opecrrepoi
rev? avr-^ /care^eX^ev, eVet /ca/ca
ov8' ot y' (ap^rfOr^craiv CTT' di'Spctcrti/, dXX' apa rot ye
215 ovpf)(nv /xaK/D^crt TreptfrcratVovre? dveVrai/.
oj? 8' or' aV dfj.(j)l at'a/cra /ewe? Satr'/y^e^ toVra
cratVoxr', atet yap re </>epet /LtetXty/aara dvfjiov,
w? rou? ct/A(t Xv/cot /cparepwi/v^e? ^8e Xe'o^re?
crati'oi' rot 8' eSeto~a^, eVet t8oi^ att'a Tre'Xwpa.
220 e<TTav 8' eV vrpo^vpoto-t ^ea? /caXXtTrXo/cd/xoto,
Ktp/c^g 8' et'Sov O.KOVOV cletSovo-??? ovrt KaXfj,
io-Tov eVot^o/xeV^? /xeyav ajjiflpoTov, ota Beritov
XeTrrct re /cat ^aptei/ra /cat dyXaa epya Tre'Xovrat.
roto~t Se fjLv0o)v ypx 6 HoXtr^? op^ayaos dz/Spwi',
225 05 /xot /c>;Sto~ro5 erdpwv r^v /ceS^oraro? re
' w c^tXot, eVSoi' yap rt? eVot^ojiteV^ /aeyav to"rov
/caXov dotStctet, 8ct7re8of 8' aVav d/x^t^e'/xv/cet',
17 ^eo? ije ywi7 dXXd ^Oeyyu^Oa. Oacrcrov.'
co? ap' e'^w^o'e^, rot Se fyQiyyovro
230 -^ 8' a//' e^eXBovcra Bvpas wt^e
/cat KctXet ot 8' a/xa Trct^re? dtSpet^o'ty eirovro
Xo^os 8' vTreneivev, otcrd/xevo? SoXo^ eu'at.
S' etcrayayouo~a /caret /cXto~/u,ov5 re Bpovovs re,
eV Se' o^ty rvpov re /cat dXc^tra /cat /xe'Xt ^Xcopoy
235 ou>a> llpa/x^etw e/cv/ca avcfiury* Se crtrw
^ctp/xa/ca Xvyp', tVa Trdy^v Xa^otaro TrarptSo?
avrap eVet Sw/ceV re /cat CKTTLOV, avriV eVetra
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 K. 103
Kara (rv<f>eol(riv iepyvv.
ot Se wait /xeV ex ov *<aXew (f)a)VTJi> re rpt^a? re
240 /cat Se/xas, avrdp vov<s r/v e/xTreSo?, w? TO Trdpos irep.
aig ot /xet> /cXatot'Te? eep^aro, rotcrt 8e
nap p* O.KV\.OV fiakavov re ySciXet' Kapirov re
t, ota crve? ^a/xatev^aSe? atev
? S' au//' ^X^e ^o^ eVt jr/ya
245 dyyeXtVy^ erdpaiv epecov /cat dSev/ccia
ovSe' rt e/c<ao~$ai 8waro eTro? teyaev
/c^/3 a^et ^teyctXw ftejSoXrjfjLevos iv 8e ot oo~cre
$a.Kpv6<j>iv TTt/xTrXa^ro, yooj^ 8' wtero
dXX' ore 817 /u,t^ TraWe? dyacro-a/Ae^' e
250 /cat rox rwt' aXXwi/ erdpajv
ev ftija'irgtn rervy/u,eVa 8a>/xara
Xdecrcrt, 7re/3to-/ce7rr<w eVt X^/ 3 ^
e^^a 8e rt? peyav tcrroj/ eVot^o/xeV^ Xty'
255 T^ ^eo? ^e ywr; rot Se ^Qiyyovro
17 8' all/;' e^eXOovcra 0vpas au^e (^a
/cat /cdXet ot 8' d/xa Trdi/re? dtSpetr^crt^
avrdp eyatv V7re/xet^a, oi&dpevos 80X01^ eu>at.
ot 8' d/x' dia'TatOrja'av doXXeeg, ovSe rt9 avrw^
260 l^efydvY] 817/301^ 8e Ka6TfjjJivo<; e'cr/co7rt'aot'.'
oS? e<^>ar', avrdp eyw Trept /w.et' ^t(/)O5 dpyvporjXov
MIJLOUV /3aXdjaT7*>, /xeya ^dXKeof, d/x<^>t 8e roa
\ O> * / > \ N ' /)
TOV o av// rjvaryea avryv ooov ^y^cracrc/at.
avrdp o y dfji<f)OTepr)O'i XafBtov eXXtVo~ero yovt'a)!/
265 [/cat /x' oXofivpoiJLevos errea Trrepoevra 7T/3oo~i7v8a] .
' ttr/ /it' dye /ceto-' dcfcovra, Stor/ae^e?, dXXct XtV avrou
ot8a yd/), w<? ovr' auros e'Xevo-eat oure rtz^'
d^et? o-a>i/ erdpaiv. dXXd ^-ui/ roto"Seo~t Oa
104 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
<f)vy<Dfj,ev ert yap KZV aX^ai/mei/ KO.KOV
270 <5s <f>aT\ aura/3 e'yco fjav d/Met/3o/>iei>o<? irpocretLTrov
i i- > '\ T ^ N ' > > ~ ^ \ /
kupuXoX , l) TOL fJLV (TV ^V dVTOV TWO VL
<T0(t)V Kat TTivoiv KOiXr) TTapOL VY)\
avrap eyoiv ei/xt, Kpareprj Se /xot eTrXer*
275 dXX' ore Sr) a/o' e/xeXXoz/ taiv tepas di/a
Oai Tro\v<j>ap[jidKov ? /aeya Sai/x,a,
/xot 'Ep/teta? xpv&op pavrt? avTefioXyo'ev
eVw 77/365 Sw/xa, verjisi-rj dvbpl e'oi/cwg,
jvrJTfy TOV nep ^aptecrrar^ 17/817
280 ei^ T' apa /xot (^>v X t / l/ ' ^ 7ro ? T ' e<^ar' ex r'
^O\TfO/ ? >v * f
7717 017 aur , co overripe, ot a/cpta? ep^eat 0105,
X<wpou citSpt? eeeJi/; erapot 8e rot ot'S' ei/t
ep^arat aj<? re o~u5 TTVKIVOVS
^ TOV? Xucroju.et'o? Seup' ep^eat ; ouSe o"e
285 O.VTOV voa'TTja'tLv, /aep'eet? Se o~u y', eV^a Trep aXXot.
dXX' aye 817 o~e KO.KWV e'/cXucro/xat ^8e craaxra).
rij, roSe <j)dpfjLaKov IcrBXbv e^aj^ e? Soj^aara Kip/aj?
u, o /ceV rot /cparos d\d\Kr)crLi> KUKOV ^/j^ap.
Se' rot epeicu oXoc^cota SiyVea Ktp/ajs.
290 reu^et rot /cv/cew, /SaXe'et 8' ev ^>dpju,a/ca crtrcu.
aXX' ou8' tu? 0\aL ere Sw^crerat ou yap edo~et
<f>dpp,a.KOv e<T0X6v, o TOL 8a>o~w, epe'w Se e/cao'ra.
oTTTTore /cet' KtpKij cr' eXdcriy Trept/xi^icet pctySSco,
819 rare o-u ^t^>o5 6u e'pvcro-d/aevo? Trapa
295 Ktp/ci7 eVcufai, co? re /crd/aei^at
17 Se' cr' uTroSetVacra /ceXi^Verat
v6a (TV /txiyKer* eVetr' dTravtjvaa'dai deov
o(jtpa KC TOL \vo~r) 6* erapou? auroV re KOfjLL(ro~r)
dXXct K\O~0aL fJLLV fJiOLKdpOtV {JLCyOLV OpKOV O/XOCTCTat,
HERMES.
(Vatican, Rome.)
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 K. 105
300 fjiij rt rot avro) TrrjfJia. KO.KQV /SouXevcre/xez' aXXo,
JJLTJ o~' a7royf/uz'a>#eVra KOLKOV /cat OLvr/vopa
a>? dpa <f>a)VTJcra<; Trope (jtdpfjiaKov dpye'
e'/c yafy? e'/3vo~a? /cat /uot (f>vcnv OLVTOV eSet
/ot^rj /xeV /ze'Xai' ecr/ce, yaXa/crt 8e etKeXoz/ a
306 jjiwXv Se /xiv KaXeov<Ti Beoi ^aXeTro^ 8e r' 6pva~a"6iv
ye ^^rotcrt, ^eot Se re TrdVra Sv^avrat.
et' eVetr' aTrcftir) 77/30? naKpbi>*OXv[JiTrov
vrjcrov av uXiyecrcra^, e'yai 8' e'?
i^ta, TToXXa Se' /xot KpaBurj iroptftvpe KIOVTI.
310 ecTTrjv S' eti/t 0vpr)O"i 0ea<;
eV#a crrag e'^Sd^cra, ^ea Se'/txev
17 8' a/* e'^eX^ovcra Ovpas uti^e <f>aeiva<s
/cat /caXet avrap tyatv erro^v d/ca^^
et(r 8e' /x' etcrayayoucra eVt Opovov dpyvpoijXov
315 /caXov SatSaXe'ov UTTO 8e Oprjvvs rrocrlv r}ev
reu^e Se' /xot /cv/ceai ^pvaea) SeVat, o^)/3a 7riot/xt,
ei^ Se re <f>dp[jiaKov rjKe /ca/ca </>/3o^eouo'' eVt 0vfj,a>.
airrap evret Sw/ceV re /cat e/C7rtof , ovSe x //,'
pd(3$(o TreTrXr/yuta eVo? r' e^>ar' e/c r' o
320 ' epxeo vvv cru<eoVSe, /xer' aXXwt' Xe'^o erat/ow^.'
as ^ctr', e'yw 8' aop 6v e'pvcrcra/xe^o? Trapa
Kipxr) eVift^a, tus re /crd/xei/at fjieveaivcov .
v) 8e /xeya Id^ovcra vvre'S/Dajae /cat XctySe
/cat /A' 6Xo^>v/30jLteVi7 eVea irrepoevTa
325 ' rt?, TToOtV et<J d^SpWI/ / TTO^t TOt 7ToXt9
Oavfjid fjC e>(et, to? ov rt Trtwz/ rctSe
ouSe yap ovSe' rt? aXXo? dvyp rctSe ^>dyo/xa/c'
o? /ce TTti^ /cat irpwrov dju,eti/;erat e/3/co? oSd^rwt',
crot 8e rt? eV crrrjOecra-Lv d/cTyXTyro? ^do? ecrrtV.
330 77 cru y' 'OSucrcreu? eV<rt TroXurpOTro?, 6V re p.oi atet
106 1 10 M KirS ODYSSEY X.
e'/c Tpotry? avLovra 0or) CTVV vrjl /xeXatVrj.
> \ \ N \ " > * ft ' ^ O> *
aXX aye orj /coXew /xei> ao/3 tfeo, vwt o evretra
ev^5 r)fjieTpr)<; eVt/3eto/xei>, o<
335 ev^ /cat (^tXdr^Tt TreTTOL0ofjLi> a
o5? ei^ar*, avrap eya> /xtv d
' t3 Kt/3/ci7, 7TW5 yap jae /ceXeat crot
17 /MOI crv? /aev e$T7/ca<? eVt ^eyapoi(Tiv eratpous,
avrov 8' eV#aS' e^ovcra SoXoc^jOot'eoucra KeXevet?
340 e? BdXafjiov r teVat /cat CTT^S eTTtySif/xei/at euv^5,
o(j>pa. fj,e yvp,v<t}0VTa KO.KOV /cat avrfvopa. #6075.
ovS' at' eyoiJ y' e^eXot/xt re^? eVt^r^jaei/at evi/^?,
et /XT/ /xot rXatT^g ye, ^ea, fteyav opKov o/xofrcrat,
1117 rt ttot aura> Tr^tta KOLKOV /SovXevcre/xet' aXXo.'
345 015 e^>ct/xT7^, 17 8' aurt/c' a,7rw/x^ve^, o>? e'/ceXevot'.
avrap eVet yo' d/aocreV re reXevr^creV re ro^ op/cov,
/cat TOT' eya> Ktp/ci]? eTrejSrjv Trept/caXXeo? evv"q<s.
dfjLffriTroXoi 8' a/aa Teiw? /xeV eVt /xeyapotcrt TTZVOVTO
TO~<rap<;, at ot 8a>/xa /cotTa SpT^crTetpat eao"tv
350 yiyvovrai 8' apa Tat y' e/c Te KprqvGuv dtro T'
e/c ^' iepwv TTOTa/xait', ot T' et? aXa8e rrpopeovcriv.
rddiv rj /xei> ejSaXXe Opovois eVt pijyea. /caXa
iropfivpea KaOv7rep0\ virtvepOe 8e Xt$'
17 8' ereprj TrpoirdpoiBe Bpovwv eVtratve
355 cxpyvpe'a?, CTTI Se r cr^)t Tt^et ^pvcreta /cai/eta
17 Se T/DtTT7 KprjrrjpL /xeXt^po^a olvov eKipva
rfivv ev dpyvpe'oj, ve)ae Se ^pvcreta /cuTreXXa
17 Se rerdprr) uSwp e<^dpet /cat Trvp dveKoutv
TTO\\OV VTTO rpLTTOoi /xeyaXw, laiveTo o v
360 avTa/3 eVet 8^ ^ecrcrev uSw/> eVt r)voin
e? /5' dcrdfjiivOov ecraaa Xd' e'/c TptVoSo? /xeyaXoto,
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 107
Kepaacra, Kara /cpar<? re Ka
o(f>pa fjioi e'/c Kd/jLaTov 6vp,o(f>06poi> etXero yuuwi>.
avrdp eVet XovcreV re /cat e\pi<Tev XtV e'Xatw,
365 d/x(t Se' ^te ^KcLivav KaXrfv fidhev i)Se ^trwi/a,
efcre Se' /a' etorayayovtra 67rl 0p6vov dpyvpoTJXov
KaXov SatSaXeov, UTTO Se Bprfw^ Trocrlv
a 8'
XP v(T virep pyvpeoio
370 po^acr&u Trapa Se ^CCTTT)^ erai/vcrcre rpdrre^av.
(rlrov 8' atSoiTj ra/nt^ TrapeOrjKe (ftepovcra,
etSara TrdXX' eVt^etcra ^a/3t^o/aeVi7 TrapeovroDV
/i / ^ > /\ > ^ o> > o /)
ecrc/e/xe^at o e/ceXeve^ e/aw o ov^ rjvoave c/v/xoj,
dXX' rjfji'rji' aXXo <f>povea)v, KOLKOL 8' o<rcrero 6vp.6<;.
375 KipKifj 8' a)? IvoTjcrev e/x' ri^evov ov8' eV! <rtr&>
taXXovra, Kparepov 8e /ae TrevOos r^o^ra,
Tra/atcrra/xeV^ eVea TTTepoeiva Trpoo"r)v$a
* r\* n >></y -p
, (Joucreu, /car a/9 e4eat wro?
p(i>fJ,r)<; 8' ou^
380 ^ rtvct TTOV SdXoi^ aXXoz^ oieat ovSe' rt ere
SetSt/Mei' 17817 yap rot aTrw/xocra Kaprepov
<S? ec^ar', avrdp ey<w /xti^ d/xet^Sd/xei'O?
' (3 KipKTy, rts yap /ce^ dvyp, o? eVaurt/xo? 117,
Trpt^ T\aif] TrdcrcracrOaL e'S^rvo? ^8e TTOT^TO?,
385 7T/3t^ Xuo"acr$' erapov? /cat ev o<j>0a\ pooler iv tSe
dXX' et Sr) 7rpd(/>pacrcra Trtett' ^aye/xev re /ceXeuet?,
Xvcrov, tV 6(^>^aX/xotcrt^ t8w eptTjpa? Iratpou?.'
w? e'<^a/xi7^, KipKrj Se Ste/c /xeyapoto (SefiyKeiv
pd/3$ov clover' ei' \ L P^ Qvpas S* dveu^e crv^etov,
390 e'/c 8' eXatret' crtdXotcrtv e'ot/cdra? eVvewpotcrtt'.
ot /Ltei^ eVetr' eerTT^crav ez/a^rtot, 17 Se St' avrfav
Trpoa'd\ei<f>i' e/cdcrrw (frdpnaKov dXXo .
108 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
TCUI> 8' e'/c /xeV tteXeW Tpt^es eppeov, a? irplv <f>v<rev
(f>dpp.aKov ovXofJievov, TO cr$iv nope TTOTVLOL Ktp/o?
395 aVSpes 8' ail}) lyevovro pea/repot, 17 7rdpo<? ^aav,
/cat TroXu /caXXtWes /cat ttetoi>9 etcropdacr$at.
yvo)O~av Se /x' e/cetvot e^>vv r' e^ ^epalv e'/cao"ro<?.
8' t/xepoet? uvre'Sv yoos, a,/x^)l 8e Sw/xa
OLVO^I^ 6ea 8' eXeatpe /cat O.VTTJ.
400 -^ Se /xev ay^t crracra Trpocr^vSa 8ta 0edo)v
Aae/artaS^, TroXv^nj^av 3 'O8vo"creu,
eTTt v'jja $OT)J> /cat ^tva Ba\dcrcnr)<;.
vrja p.i> ap TrdfjiTrpajTov epvcrcrare ^Tretpo^Se,
KTT^uara 8* eV (nrijeo'O'i TreXacrcrare 6VXa re TTOLVTO,
405 aura? 8' ai/; teVat /cat ayetv epfypas eratpov?.'
ct? ei^ar', avrap JJLOL
PVJV 8' teVat eVt i/^a ^OT)^ /cat
evpov eVetr' eVt ^t ^ory Ipfypas erat^pov?
ot/crp' 6\o(j)vpofjipov<; OaXepov Kara Sct/cpu
410 tu? 8' or' av aypavXot Tropics Trepl /3ovs cxyeXata?,
eX^ovcra? e? Ko-rrpov, CTTTJV /SoravTy? Kopeo~<DVTa.i
Tratrat a/xa o~Kaipovo~iv CVOLVTICLI, ov8' ert o~rjKol
io~)(ovo~\ dXX' aSt^ot' ^v
/XTyrepa? a5 e/x' e/ceti^ot CTTCI t8o^ oc
415 8a/cpvoe^res e^wro So/c^cre 8' apa cr<f>i
a><? ejaev, cJs et TrarptS' t/cotaro /cat TrdXti/
TprjxeCr)*; 'I^a/CT^?, tVa re Tpd<f>ev ^8e yevovro.
/cat /x' 6Xocf>vp6jJiei>OL eVea Trrepoevra Trpoo~r)v$a)i>
' <rot ttei^ vocrT^cra^Tt, 8tor/3<^e / 5,
420 a5? et T* et? 'lOaKyv d^t/cot/xe^a TrarptSa
dXX' aye, ra^ aXXw^ erdptov KardXe^ov o\.6pov?
005 e<f>av, avrdp eyai 7rpoo~(f)rji> /xaXa/cot? Treeo~o~ii>
tteV ap Trd/xTrpwrov e'pvcrcrojLtev
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 109
8' ev crTnfecra't ireXdcra-ofjiev 6VXa re
425 ai/rot 8' orpvvecrde e^aot a/w,a Trdvres e77eo~#ai,
o<f>pa 1877$' erdpoug tepot9 eV Sa>/x,ao~t Ktp/cTi?
77tVoi>Tag /cat eSoz'Tas eTrrieravov yap
a><? tya.fjL'rjv, ol 8' w/ca e'/xot? eVeWo-t
Eupv\o^(09 8e /aot oto? epvKave ndi/ras
430 /cat cr<^ea? (^wj/ifcras eTrea TTTCpoevTa
' a SetXot, TTOCT' t/ae^ ; Tt KOLKUV t/xt/3ere
Kt/aKTys e? joteyapof /cara/8^/x^at, 17
77 cru5 >Je Xv/cov5 Trot^crer
01 /ceV ot /aeya 8w/xa ^)vXacrcrot/xev /cat d
435 eus 7re/3 Kv/cXwi/; c/o^', ore ot jjLecrcravXov IKOVTO
T^jLte'reyoot era/aot, o~ui^ 8' 6 0pa.<rv<s etVer' 'OSvo~creu?
TOVTOV 'yap /cat KCLVOL aracr^aXtrycrt^
a>9 et^ar', avrap eya> ye yaera <pe
o'Trao-o-a/xe^os ra^i/^/ce? aop Tra^eo? Trapa
440 rw ot 0,77077X77^? K<f)a\.r)v ov8ao-Se TreXacrorat
/cat 71170) 776/0 e'oVrt /xaXa cr^eSd^ dXXa /a' eratpot
/LtetXt^tot? 7T(rcnv eprfrvov aXXo^ei' aXXo?
' Stoyeve?, rourot' /w,e^ edcro/ae^, et crv /ceXevet?,
avrov nap vt)i re i^eveiv /cat 1/77 a epvcrOai
445 77|Liu> 8' ^yeyi6vev y iepa 77/905 Sw/xara
w? <f>diJ.evoi, napa 1^1705 avrfiov 7785
ov8e /xeV Ev/)vXo^o? KoiXr) irapa mrjl XeXt77TO,
dXX' eVer' eSeto"ev yap 6/^7)^ eKTray\ov evnnjv.
Tocftpa Se rou? dXXov? erdpov? eV 8a)/xao~t
450 eVSu/ceiw? Xovo~eV re /cat e^picrev XtV eXata),
d/Lt(^>t 8 * apa ^XatVa? ovXa<? ($d\ev 7)85
Saii'v/xeVov? 8' ev Travras efyevpopev ev
ot 8' eVet aXXi^Xou? etSot' (frpdcrcravTO r ecrd^ra,
/cXatoi' 68upo/aevot, 77ept 8e
110 HOMER'S ODYSSEY X.
455 rf Se' jjiv ay^t < rT <*< ra Trpocrrjv^a Sta Bedwv
' [Stoye^es Aae/maSi7, Trokv^ij^av
/tATj/cert vvv BaXepov yoov opvvre otSa /cat
?7/Ae> ocr' eV TTO^TW Tracer' aXyea i
778' oo"' avdpcnoL oivSpes e$r)\TrjcravT i eVt
460 aXX' ayer' C<ruUT jBp^^v Kal TrtVere olvov,
is o /cei/ avrts dvpov vl crrrjBecrcri
ore irpaima'TOv eXetTrere TrarptSa
l^aKTy?. 10)1^ 8' dcr/ceXe'e? /cat
(1X175 ^aXeTT^? /xe/xi/^/xeVot, ovSe TTO
465 Ovjjios Iv ev<f>po(Tvi>-r), eVel 17 /xaXa TroXXa
lv 8' aur eeTretero v,o<; yivajp.
<!vda (Jiv T7/xara TrdvTa T\ecr<f)6poi> ei
rjlLcBa Satvv/u.ei'ot /cpeia r' acrTrera /cat
aXX' ore 817 p' eVtavro? 07^, Trept 8' erpaTrov aipat,
470 p.r\vwv <j>Biv6vT(t)v, irepl 8' T^tara /xa/cpa reXeicr^,
/cat rore //,' e/c/caXecra^re? e^av cpvqpes erat/oot
' Sai/u,dvt', 17817 i/w /u,t/xi/7;cr/ceo Trar/aiSo? atr;?,
et rot Oe&^aTov etrrt (raa)0rjvai /cat t/cecr$at
oi/cov e? inpopo<f>ov /cat en)*' e? TrarptSa yatat'.'
475 009 <^>av, avrdp e'/xot y' eVeTret^ero ^v/xo? dyrjvto
w? Tore /xe^ irpoTrav rjjjiap eg ^eXtov /caraSwra
7)1*600. ^aivv^evoi Kpea r dcnrera /cat /xe^v 1781;
T7/x,05 8' ^eXto? /care'Su /cat eVt Kve<f>a<; r)\Bev,
ol fJLfv KOLp,TJ<To.isro /cara /xeyapa cr/ctoei^ra.
480 avrdp eyw Ktp/cr^? eVt/3a5 TreptKaXXe'o?
yowwv e'XXtrai'evcra, ^ea Se yaev e/cXvev
/cat /ui> (f)(DVTJcra<; erred irrepoevra Trpo<Tr)v$a>v
' w KipKr), T\ecr6v {JLOL vrroo-^eo-LV, r^v irep
ot/caSe 7re/>ti//e/xevat ^v/xo? Se' /xot ecrerurat
485 178' aXXwj> erapan/, ot /xev <$>BivvBovcn (f>i\ov Krjp
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. Ill
* eju,' oSvpd/xe^ot, ore TTOV crv ye v6(T<f)L yeVr/at.'
o<? e'^d/ATp, 17 8' aurtV d/xei/3ero Sta 6edw
' Stoyei>e9 AaeprtaS^, Tro\v^~q^a.v 'OSvcrcrev,
fjLr)KTi v\)v deKovres eyaaJ eVt pl^vere ot/c<w.
490 dXX' aXXr/f ^p^ irpwTOv o&ov reXecrat /cat t/
et? 'AtSao SO/AOV? /cat eVat^? ITep
1 ?" ^ l ' e/I/ol ' s i7/8atov Tet/3(Ttao,
dXaou. TOV re ^peVe? e/xvreSot
TO) /cat TeOvrjWTL voov Trope Hep(re(f)6i>La,
495 otoj TreTT^vcr^at, rot Se cr/ctat dtfrcrovcrtv.'
015 e<ar', avrdp eyaot ye Kare/cXdcr^ <j>i\ov
K\CLLOV 8' eV Xe^eecrcrt Ka6tjfMvo<; 1 ovSe /u ^u,ot /c^/3
v / \>* y/ xe^ i/ >\'
Tyc/eX ert 4&>eii> /cat opat ^ao? i)eXtoto.
avrdp eVet K\a.'ut>v re /cuXti/Sd/xe^o? re KopecrOrjv,
500 /cat rdre 817' yatv eVecrcrti' d^ei^o^evo^ Trpo&eenrov
' tu Ktp/CTy, TIS yap ravTTrjv 6$ov riyefjiovevo'eL ;
et? Ai8o? 8* ov TTW rt? d<t/cero i^t /xeXatVry.'
015 ec^dyu.r/t', 17 8' avrtV d/xet)8ero 8ta dedaiv
' Stoyet'e? AaeprtdSr;, TroXvjaif^av' 'OSucrcreu,
505 ^7; rt rot T^ye/AO^o? ye TTO^ Trapd ^17! /xeXeV^w,
terror 8e crrrycra? d^d ^' terrta Xev/cd 7rerdtr(ra9
rjadat rrjv 8e' /ce' rot TTVOIV) Bo/ae'ao <j>epr)(rii>.
dXX' oTTor' di/ 8^ 1/171 8t' 'fi/ceavoto rreptjcry 1 ;,
ev0' aKTij re Xd^eta /cat dXcrea Ilepcre<f)ovei,r)$,
510 yu,a/cpat r' atyetyoot /cat tre'at wXecrt/capTrot,
v^a /u,ei/ avrou /ce / Xo~at eV' 'H/ceai/w ySa^vSti/ry,
avro? 8' et9 'AtSeco teVat Sd/xoi/ evp<i)evra.
evOa [JLei> et? 'A^epovra \lvpi^\eye6(av re peovcriv
Kaj/cirrd? ^', 05 Sr) Srvyo? v8ard? eamv a
515 Trerprj re ^v^eo~t5 re Sua; Trora/xaij' e'
8' eVet^', 17/30^5, ^pt/xc^^et? Tre'Xa?, ws o~e /ceXevtu,
112 HOMER'S ODYSSFA r X.
f$60pov opv^cu, ocrov re Trvyovcriov ev0a KOL ev0a,
8e \O7jv X ^ (T @ OLL /ir ^- <Tlv veKve(T(Tiv,
iKpTjTa), /xereVetTa 8e lySei oa>a>,
520 TO rpirov aW v8art eVi 8' aX<iTa Xeu/ca
TroXXa 8e yovvova'Oai VCKVOI
i\6<t)v et? *\Qa.K.r\v crreipav flovv, TJ rt? aptcrrr;,
pt^tiv iv fjitydpoLcn, irvpijv r e/xTrXiycre/Ae^ Icr6\(ov,
TeLpecrif) 8' airdvevSev oiv tepeucre/ae^ oiw
525 Tra/x/ie'Xai'', 05 ^i]\oi<Ti /xeraTrpeVet v
avrdp 7rr)v eu^rjo-t XiVr^ /cXvra 0vea
V0* oiv apveibv pQeiv 0TJ\vv re
i? epe/8o5 crr/3ev//a5, avro5 8' OL
teju,>o5 Trora/aoto podwv cvOa 8e TroXXat
530 \fjv\al eXeuo-oz^rat vtKvwv Karar.Bvr](jjfTO)v.
8^ TOT' eTTet^' erdpoLcriv liroTpvva.i /cat
, TO, 8^ /cara/cetT* eo~^)ay/xei/a vr]\
^ra5 /caTa/cTjat, lirev^aa'BaL 8e
i(f>0ip,(*) T' 'AtSr^ /cat 7rau>f) Tlepcre<f>oveLr)
535 avro5 Se ^1^)05 o^v e/3vcrcra/xei/o5 Trapa
fjcrOai, /x^Se eai^ veKvaiv dp.evr)vd Kaprjva
at/xaro5 dcrcro^ t/xev, vr/atv Tetpecrtao irv0cr0a.L.
ev0a rot avTiKCi /xa^Tt5 eXevo-Tat, op^a/xe Xaaiv,
05 *ceV Tot eiTrrja-iv 686v KCU ficrpa K\ev0ov
540 VOOTOV $', W5 7rt Tro^ro^ eXevo~eat t
p j > > / o\ //) *\
<W5 ecpar , avTLKa oe ^pvo~oc/po^o5 rjA.v
dfji(f>l 8e jae xXati'ai' ^^ ^tTwva Te et)aaTa
avrr) 8* dpyuffreov (frdpos /xeya evvvro
XeTTTOv Kal ^aptet', Trept 8e ^atvrjv /3aXeT 5 t
545 Ka\r)v ^pvo"etT7V, K(f>a\rj 8' ir
avrdp eyai 8ta Sw/xar' tail/ atrpwov eralpovs
/LtctXt^tot5 eVeecra't TrapacrTaSov a?'8pa accurrov
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 K. 113
' /ATj/ce'rt vvv ev8oi>res doiretre y\v<vv VTTVOV,
dXX' to/Aei> ST) yap /xot eVe^paSe TroV^ta
550 cog e'<a/x77i>, rotcrti> S' eVe7ret#ero
ouSe /ote> ouS' ev0.v irep aTnjfjiovas riyov cratpov?.
e rt? ecr/ce i^ea/raro?, ourc rt
ei/ TToXe/to) oure (frpecrlv r^viv
09 /u
555 ^v^
KlVV^4v(i)V 8' TO.pa)V OfJLOLOl> KOL
e'^a 77 11/179 dvopovcre /cat e/cXd^ero (j>pecrlv rjcriv
difjoppov Ka.Ta(3rjva.i lav 9 /cXi/xaKa
dXXct KaravTLKpv reycos Trecrei^ e/< Se ot
560 d(TTpayd\o}v t
lp^o{jLvoicn Se
' (j)d(T0e vv TTOV oi/cdi^Se <j>i\r)v 9 TrarpiSa
ep^ecrO' dXXrjv 8' ^//,t^ 6Soi/ reKfjiT/jparo
t9 'AtSao
565 i/ax
a9 (j)dp,rjv, Tolcriv Se KaTe/cXdcr^r; <j>i\ov
e'^d/xei^ot Se /car' av^t ydwi' rtXXovrd re
dXX' ov yet/3 Tt9 irprj^L<; iylyvf.ro (jLvpofi
dXX' ore Sr; /5' eVt v^a 0o>)i> /cat ^ti/a 0a\d<T(rr)<;
570 jjofjiev d^vvfjievoL OaXepov Kara SctK/au
r6(j)pa S' a^' ol^OfJiVTrj Kt/3/a7 Trapd vr
dpveiov /care'S^crev otv 6rf\vv re
/aeta 7rape^eX^ovo-a rt9 at* feoi' ov/c
6<f>6a\fJiolo-Lv tSotr' TJ eV^' 17 eV^a
rooriv eyai /xera
OMHPOT OAT22EIA2 A.
['A\K(vov d
Ne/cvta.
" avrdp eVet p* eVt vrja KaTTJ\0Ofj,ev ^Se 0dXacro'ai>,
vrja fjiev dp 7rdp.Trpayrov epvcrcrapev el? aXa 8tai>,
.v 8' ICTTOV Ti0ep,(T0a KOL Icrria vrfi /xeXcuVr/,
iv Se ra p.rj\a Aa/3ovre5 eyS^cra/xe^, av 8e /cat avrol
d^vvfJievoL Ba\epov /caret Sa/cpv
tv 8' au /caroTTtcr^e t'eo? KVO.VOTT pwpoio
ovpov tet TrXTTjcricrTLOv, ecrOXov
euTrXd/cajao?, 8etv^ ^eo? auS^ecrcra.
i7/otets 8' 6VXa e/cacrra Trovricrd^voi /caret
10 i^f/xe^a rrp 8' a^e/xos re Kv^epvrjrir}^ r' Wvvev.
r^? 8e Trai^/xeptTjs rera^' tcrrta TrovTOiropovo"r)s.
Svcrerd r' ^eXto? o"/ctda>i/rd re Tracrat dyvtat,
17 8' e? ireipaO' t/cave (3a0vppoov 'fl/cea^oto.
eV^a 8e Kt/x/Lteptw^ cl^Spw^ S^/xds re vrdXt? re,
15 ^ept /cat v(j>e\r) /ce/caXv/x/xeVot ovSe' vror' avrov?
^e'Xto? <$>a.0a)v /caraSep/cerat ct/crt^ecrcrt^,
ov^' oTrdr' az^ (rret^rycrt 77^65 ovpavov
ov0' or' ai^ ai|> evrt yata^ oV ovpavoOev
dXX' eVt j'v!' 6X0^ rerarat SetXotcrt ftpoT
20 ^a /xei^ eV^' e'X^dt're? eWXcra/ne*', e'/c 8e ra
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 115
avro avre Trap poov
v, o(f>p' es xajpov d(f>ii<6p,e0\ 6V
i>6' iep-rjia pen Hep I/AT? 817 9 Ev/avXo^o? re
v eya) 8' aop ofu epvcrcra/xei/o? Trapa p.rjpov
25 fioBpov 6pv', ocrvov re Truyoucrto*/ ev^a /cat ev^a,
d/x^)' avTw 8e \OT)V ^eoprjv iraa'iv veKvecro'ii',
TrpuTa fjieXiKp-iJTO), /aeTeVetra 8e i^Set ot^w,
TO rpirov au^' uSari eVt 8' aX^>tra Xev/ca Tra
TToXXa, Se yovvovfjiriv VEKVOOV dfjLi>7)va
30 eXOaiv ets 'l6a.Kr}v crTelpav fiovv, TJ TI? dptc
v fjieypoicri irvprfv r
ti 8' aTrdvevOev oiv ieevcreiev otw
\ 05 /xr^Xotcrt /xeraTrpeTret rf
TOV? 8 ' eVet ev^ooX^crt Xtrrjcrt re, effvea
35 e'XXta" 0^x77 1/, ra 8e fj.fj\a \afta>i> a
5 ftodpov, pee 8' at/xa KeXat^e^e? at 8' dyepovro
T* rfi9eoL re TroXvrXrjTOL re yepovres
i, T* draXal veoTrevOea OV/JLOV
40 TroXXol 8' ovrd/xei'oi xa
ot TroXXot Trepl (366pov efyoiTaiv a\\o6ev aXXo?
'0e<nre(Tir) la~)(rj e'/te 8e ^Xajpov Seo? TJpew.
Sr) TOT' eireiO' erdpoicriv eVoT/ov^a? e/ceXevo-a
45 jLt^Xa, Ta 8^ KareKeir eo-^ay/xeW i^Xe't ^aX/cw
Setpavra? Kara/ojai, eVevao-^at 8e 6eol(Tiv,
l<f>8ifj.a) T' 'At8i7 /cat eVat^ Hepcrefioveir)
avro<? 8e t<
50 aiftaTDS a.(T(Tov Ipev, irplv Tet/aeo~tao
Trparrr) 8e t//v^^ 'EXTTift'opo? ^X^e^ eraCpov
116 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
ou yap KM T0aTTTO VTTO ^0ovo<; ev/3uoSet'i79
crco/Aa yap eV Kt/a/oj? peydpa) /careXetVo/aei' ^/
a/cXauroi> /cat dBaTrrov, eVet TroVo? aXXog eVetyei/.
55 roy /xeV eyai Sci/c^ovcra tSaii/ eXerja'd re
/cat /xt^ (f>coi>Tr](ra<; e/rea nTepoevra Tr
7TW? C? U7TO
<f>0"r)S TTC^O? twt' 17 eyw crw
w? e^a^z/, 6 Se /x' ot/xwa9 iJ
60 ' Stoyei^e? AaeprtaSry, TroXv/i^a^' 'OSucrcrev,
acre /xe Sai/xo^o? atcra /ca/<^ /cat d^ecr<^aTO5 ou/o?.
Ktp/cT]? 8' eV /xeyapw KaraXeyjaevo? ov/c evorjcra
aifjoppov Kara^rjvai la>v e? /cXt/xa/ca /xa/cpr^i/,
aXXa KaravTiKpv reyeo? wttrov e/c Se /tot
65 ao~rpayaXa)i/ eayi^, t//v^ S' 'At8do"Se
vvv Se' ere rai^ OTTiOtv yowao/zai, ov
7T/305 T* dXd^ov Kat Trarpd?-, o ere rpec^e rvrBov e'di/ra,
TryXe/xa^ov ^', 6V povvov eVt jjitydpoKTiv eXetTre?
oI8a ya/3, w? eV^eVSe /aaiv 8d/xov e^ 'Ai8ao
70 vf)crov e'? hiairiv cr^ifcret? evepyea vrja
v0a & eVetra, aW, /ce'Xo/xat ^vrffTao-Bai e'/xeto.
/AT; /A' a/cXavroi/ dOairrov la>v ofuOev /caraXetVetz/
vo<T(f>i,cr06i<;, fjitj rot rt #eaij> /X7;i/t/xa yeVa>/aai,
cxXXa /w,e KaKKijai crvv rev^eo'tt', acrcra /xoi eoTiv,
75 o"fjfj.d T fjiOL ^evat 770X1^5 eirl ^t^t 0aXdcra"r)<;,
aVSpo9 8vo"ri7Voto /cal e'crcro/xeVoicrt
ravrct re' /xot reXe'crat Trfj^ai r' eV!
w? ec/>ar J , aura/3 eyw /u,tv d/xet^d/u,evo? Trpocreenrov
80 ' ravrct rot, w Sucrr^e, reXevri7O~w re /cat
fJil> 0)<S TT(TCrLl> OLfJiL^OfJLeV
e'yai /xet' avevOev e<j>' at/xart fydcryavov
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 117
etSwXoj/ 8 Tpaj0ev eratpou vroXX' ayopevev
ykOe 8' eVt ^VXT) /x^rpog /carare^f^/cvtTjs,
85 AvroXu/cou OvyaTrjp /xeyaX^'ropo? 'AyrutXcta,
/care'XetTroi' l<ov etg iXtoi' t^ryi/.
e'yai 8d/cpvcra tSaii/ c'Xe^cra re
dXX' ov8' a9 eiw^ Trporeprjv, TTVKLVOV Trep
at/xaro? acrcrov t/xei', 77/31^ Tetpecri'ao Tru0ecr0aL.
90 ^X^e 8' eVt t//v^r) &rjfBaiov Tetpecrtao
Xpv&eov (TKrJTTTpov emails, lfji 8' ey^oj /cat Trpo(TLTrev
' [Stoyeve? Aae/maSrj, TroXv/a^av' 'OSvcrcrev,]
rtVr' avr', oi Svo'r^t'e, XtTr&it' c^ao? ^eX
i^Xv^e?, o(j)pa 1817 ve/cua? Kat arepwea
95 dXX' aTTo^a^eo (360pov, aTrtcr^e Se
ai/xaro? 6<j>pa TTLO) /cat rot vr)ppTa
w? ^>dr', eyw 8' dva^acrcrd/Aevo? L<J)O<; a.
/couXeai ey/careVry^'. 6 8' eVet Trtei^ af/xa
/cat rdre 817 /x' eTreecrcrt TrpocrT/vSa /u-di/rt? a
100 ' i/dcrrop' St^at jueXtT^Sea, ^>at8t/x' 'OSva"cr{)
Se rot apyaXeW OtjcreL ^ed? ou yap otw
eWocrtyatoi', o rot KOTOV evBero 0vp,h)
art ot uioi^ <$>i\ov e^aXdwcra?.
dXX' ert /xeV /ce /cat w? /ca/ca 7re/3 Tracr^ovre? t/cot(r^,
105 at /c' fOeXrjs crov Ov^ov e'pu/ca/ce / ety /cat
OTTTrdre /ce Trp&Tov TreXdo"^? e'uepyea
(-)pLva.Kiri vij(ra) Trpoffrwytov toetSe'a TT
ySoo-/co^teVa? 8' ev/o^re ^Sda? /cat t<ta
'HeXtov, o? trdvT <f)opa /cat TTO.VT eVa/covet.
110 TO,? et jLteV /c' acriWa? eaa? vdcrrov re /ixe'S^at,
/cat /cei^ er' et? 'I0a.Kr)v /ca/ca vre/a Tracr^o^re? t/cotcr^e
et 8e' /ce crt^at, rdre rot re/CjLtat/ao/x' o\e6pov,
irr)i re /cat erapot?. avro? 8' et Trep
118 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XI.
6i//e Ka/cois yeicu, oXe'cra? drro Trdira? eratpov?,
115 vrjbs eV' dXXoT/aajs Sr^ei? 8' eV Tn^aara ot/cw,
v7rep(idXov9, ot rot fiiorov Kare'Sovcriz'
dvri6e"r]v dXo^ov KCU eSi'a SiScWeg.
dXX' 17 rot Keivwv ye ^Sta? avroricreat \0a>v
avrap irr)v /Mv^crr^pa? eVt
120 KTeivrfs ~r) SoX<w 17 d/x^aSot' ofeit
p^(rBa.i 8r) eWetra
et9 o /ce rou? d^tKr^at, ot ov/c r<ra(rt OaXacrcrav
dvepes ovSe ^' aXecrcrt
ou8' apa rot y* icracri veas
125 ov8' ivripe eper/xa, ra re Trrepd irrjvcrl
o"rjp,a 8e rot e/oeicu /xdX' d/3i<^oaSeg, ovSe ere
OTTTTore /cev 817 roi cruju,/8Xr;/Aevo? aXXo? 681x175
77 ddrjprjXoLyov e^etv dva <cu,8i)aa> w^iw,
t rore 8r) your? inj^a<; evrjpes eperpov,
130 pea.<? tepa /caXa no(ret8dwi/t dvaKTi,
apveiov ravpov re <TVO)V T eVi/Sifropa Kawpov,
0eol(TL, rol ovpavov evpvv
TTOL<TI /LtdX' e^etVig. ddvaros Se' rot e'^ dXog aura)
135 dpXrjxpbs pdXa roto? eXeucrerat, 05 KC' ere ire<f>vy
yripa.1 VTTO XtTrapw dprjfjicvov, dfji<j>l Se Xaot
oXySiot eVcrozrai. TO, 8e' rot vrjfjLeprea etpw.'
a>? (f)CLT , avrdp eya> /ui; d/xet^Sd/xevo? irpocreeLTrov
4 Tetpeo"(/)7, rd /xei/ dp TTOV eVeWXaKrav ^eot avrot
1y(n > \ \ * /O ^ \> /
140 a A. A aye /^ot rode eiTre /cat arpe/cew?
f) 8' aKeovcr' perron o"^e8o^ at/xaro?, ou8' eo
VX^ eVdt'Ta tSett' oi8e 7rpcm/xu#77 / cra(r#a(,
tTre', dva^, TTW? KeV />ie a.va.yvoir) rov lovra ;
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 119
145 oSs e'<d/xi7i>, 6 Se /x' avrtV d/xet/Sd/xevo? Trpoa-ftnrev
' prj&Lov rot eVos epciw /cat eVl (j>pe(rl 0TJ(T(i).
oV TIVO, tieV Kv ea? j'e/cuwi/ KaTaT0mr)(oTajv
ai/xaro? dcrcro^ t/xei/, 6 Se rot j/rj/xepres eVu/et
a> Se /c' liTi<f)0ovr)s, 6 Se' rot TTOL\IV el<Tiv ovrtcrcrw.'
150 a? <f)ap,vr) I/*V^T) /^.e^ 6/817 So/xov *AtSo? etcrw
Tetpecrtao a^a/cro?, eV /caret ^eV<^ar' eXe^ev
aurap eytii/ avrou ft&ov e/txTreSo^, 0^/3' eVt fjujrrjp
yXvOe KOL Kiev alfia /ceXati/e^e'?. avrt/ca S' eyi>a>,
/cat /x' 6\o^)v/3o/xeVi7 eVea 7rrepde*>ra
155 're/cvo^ e/xoV, TTW? f}X6e<s VTTO ,6(]>ov rj
^wo? ea>^ ; ^aXeTrot' Se rctSe ^woto'ti' opa<r0cu.
fji<rcra) 'yap /xeydXot Trora/xot /cat Set^a pee
'n/ceavo? /xev irpa)Ta, rov ov TTW? etrrt
Tre^ov e'oVr', 171^ /txiy rt? ^17 evepyea vrja.
160 ^ i/{}^ S?7 TpoirjOev dXw/xevo? er^ctS' t/cdz/et?
trjt' re /cat irdpoKTi TTO\VV ^povov ; ovSe' TTO;
et? 'WoLKrjv, ouS' etSe? eVt /ixeydpot<rt yv^at/ca;'
w? e^ar', avrap e'yw /xtv d/xetySdtiet'o? trpocreenrov
' p-^rep e/x>y, XP i( ^ / Lte /carifyayev et? 'AtSao
165 ^Jv^rj xpr]cr6fjivov &r)/3aiov Tetpe<rtao
ov yap 7T6J er^eSop' rj\6ov 'A^attSo?, ouSe' TT
ySryv, aXX' atei^ e^cuv dXdX^/Ltat 6t{v^,
ou rd TrpamcrO' 7r6fjLr)v 'Aya/xe/xp-o^t Sta*
19 eVTrcoXov, ti>a Tpa>eo"o-t
170 dXX' dye ttot rdSe et?re /cat dr/ae/ce'w?
rt? vv o~e /ci)p eSd/xao*o~e ra^Xeye'o? Bavdroio ;
r) SoXt^ J/OUCTO?, ^ *A/3re/xi<? t
ol? dyai^ot? /SeXe'ecro'ti' eVot^o/xe^
etTre Se' ttot Trarpd? re /cat ute'o?, 6V /care'XetTrov,
175 -^ eVt vrdp /ceiVotcrti' e'/xo^ ye'pa?, i^e' rt? 17817
120 IlOMEIl'S ODYSSEY XI.
)v aXXos e^et, e'/xe 8' ov/ce'rt <ao~t
etTre Se /xot /AI^OT^S aXo^ov fiovXTJv re voov re,
^e /xeVet Trapa TratSi, /cat e/A7reSa TTOLVTO. <uXdo-cret,
77 77817 /Aii' eyrjfMev 'AXCUWV og rts apttrro?.'
180 oS? e<^ct/XT7^, 17 8' avriK afl&fiero TTOTVLCL
' /cat Xti^i/ KtVi7 ye jaeVet rerX^ort ^v/xw
eVl p,6ydpoLcnv 6i[vpa.l 8e ot atet
LVOV(Til' VVKT6S T Kttl
8' ov TTW Tt? e^et KoXov yepa?, aXXa e
185 TTyXe/xa^o? re/xeVea ve^trai /cat Satras e'tVas
t, a? eVe'ot/ce St/cacr7rdXo^ ai/Sp' dXeyvi/etz/
yap /caXebvcrt. Trarrjp 8e cro? avroBi fj.Lfj.vei
aypw, ou8e TrdXtvSe /carep^erat. ot8e ot evvat
Se/x^ta /cat ^XatJ/at /cat pyjyea cnyaXoevra,
190 aXX' o ye ^et/xa /xeV euSet, o^t S/xwe? evt oucw,
eV /covt ayx 6 Trvpd?, /ca/ca Se x/ 30 * 1 et/xara elrat
avrap eV^i/ eX^r^crt Oepos re^aXvta r' OTrwp^,
irdvTr) oi Kara yovvov dXai^? oti/oTre'Soto
<l>v\\a>v /ce/cXt/xeWji' ^da^aXal /SeySX^arat ewat.
195 eV$' o ye /cetr' OL^EOJV, /xeya Se <^^ecrt TreV^o? de'^et
<rov VOCTTOV iroOeatv, \aXeiTov 8' eVt y^pa? t/cdi^et.
oura> yap /cat e'yaw 6\6fJL7jv /cat TTOT^OV 7recnrov
our' e'/ae' y' eV /xeydpoto-ti/ e'uo-/co7ro? lo^eaipa.
ot? dyaj>ot<? ^eXe'ecro-tv eVotxo/xeV^ Kareirefyvtv,
200 ouYe rt? ou^ /ixot vovo"os tTnjXvOev, r) re jU,ctXto~ra
TT7/ce8o^t (TTvyepfj /xeXe'coi' e'^et'Xero Ovpov
aXXa /xe 0*05 re TTO^OS o~a re ttr^Sea, (/>at'8t/x' '
err; r' aya.vo^poa'vvri /xeXt^Se'a Ov^ov a
cS? (f)a.T\ avrap e'yw y' eOtkov fypecrl
205 p.r)Tpos e'/xry? ^v^qv eXe'etv
rpt? ttet (f>a)pfj,TJ0'r]i>< eXe'eti' re'
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 121
Se' /xot e'/c ^E.ipoiv (TKLrj et/ceXoy 17 /cat oveipa)
en-Tar'. e'tiot 8' a^o? 6u yei/eV/cero KTrjpoBi /xaXXop,
/cat /xtf <f>(t>vij(Ta<; eVea Trrepoevra TT/aocrTiuSeoi/
210 ' jjLrjrep e'/xrf, rt pv'fb* ou /xt/x.z/etg eXeet^ /ute/u,awra,
6<f>pa /cat eti> 'At'Sao </>tXa5 Trept
dp.<f>OTpa) Kpvepolo TerapTTCei/xecr^a ydoto.
77 rt /xot etSwXoi/ rdS' ayavrj Ilepcre
utrpvv, o^>p' ert /xaXXoi' oSupd/xei/o?
215 (5? e'<a/z77i>, 17 8' auriV a/xet^8ero
' w /xot, re/ci/oi/ e/xdv, Trept iravrfDV /ca/x/xope
ou rt o~ IIepo-e^)d^ta Ato? Ovydryp aTr
dXX' avri7 8t/ci7 ecrrl (3poTO)v, ore TI? /ce
ov yap ert o^ap/cag re /cat oo're'a
220 dXXa TO, /xeV re Trupos Kpa.Tf.pov /xeVo? at^o/xeVoto
8a/xva, eVet /ce Trpaira XtV^ Xeu/c' oarea ^u/xd<,
fyu\f) 8* ^ur' oVetpog aTTOTrra/xe^ TreTrdrT/rat.
dXXa </>d&JcrSe rd^icrra XtXateo ravra 8e TraVra
to~^', t^a /cat /xeroTrtcr^e rerj eiirrjO'Oa yv^at/ctV
225 j^ait /xeV t5? e-rreecrcnv d/xet^Sd/xe^', at Se yui^at/ce?
^Xv^ot 1 , MTpvvtv yap dyavrj Hepcre^oveia.,
ocrcrat dpuTTTJaiv dXo^ot eVai^ lySe 0vya.Tpe<;.
at 8' a/x<' af/xa Kekaivov doXXee? rjyepeBovro,
avrdp ya) ftovXevov, OTTCD? epeot/xt e/cacrrni'.
230 iJSe Se' ttot /caret Bvp-w dptcrrry (^atVero j3ov\r).
<T7rao"crd/xe^os Tai^vi]/c? aop Tra^eb? Trapd p.~rjpov
OVK LO)v TrLveiv tt/xa TTctcra? al/xtt
at 8e Trpo/x^o-rt^at enrfi-a-av, r)$e I
ov yovov e^ayopevev eycu 8' epetwov dirdcras.
235 ei/^' ^ rot Trp(i)TT)v Tupw tSoz^ evrrarepeiav,
77 (/)otTO SaX/xcu^o? d/xv/xoi/05 e/cyo^o? etvat,
^>T; Se KprjQrjos yvvr) e/x/xe^at AtoXtSao
122 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
77 iroTafJLOv ^pacrcrar' 'Ei>t7T7?o<? #eioto,
05 TToXv /caXXtcrrog Trora/Awp eVt yataf
240 /cat p' eV 'Ez/iTnJo? 7rwXeb-/cero /caXa peeBpa.
raj 8' apa eto-a/aevog yanjo)(os eWoo-iyatog
eV npoxorjs Trora/xov TrapeXe'faro St^'evro?
TTOp<f)vpeov 8' ap a /cv/aa Treptorra^ ovpei lorov,
KvpTO)0ev, Kpityev Sc ^eov OvrfTrfv re yvi^at/ca.
245 Xvcre Se TrapOevfyv ^wvqv, Kara 8' VTTVOV e^evei^.
avrap eVet p' ereXecrcre ^eo? ^iXorryVta />ya,
a> r' apa ot </>u X et P l/ ' ^ 77 "? T ' e^ar" e/c r' ovofjia^ev -
'^atpe, yvi^at, (^iXoV^ri Tre/otTrXo/xeVov 8' eVtavrov
resets dyXaa rcicva, eTrel ov/c aTrot^wXioi evvan
250 a.9a,vdT(DV crv Se rov? KO/Aeetv ariraXXe/xevat re.
i/w 8' epx v '""po? Sai/xa /cat tcr^eo ^178' 6
avrap eya rot etyw,t
w? etTTcii/ VTTO TroVroz' eSuo^ero
17 8' v7To/cucra/j(,eV)7 IIeXn7^ re/ce /cat
255 TO* Kparepa) BepaTrovre. Atog /aeyaXoto
dfjL<f)OTep(t) IleXi^? /xev ei/ evpv^opco
i/ate TroXvppT^o?, 6 8 ^ ap' eV IlvXaj r)fjLa.0oi>TL.
rov? 8' erepov? KprjOfji rtKtv ^ao-tXeta
Aurova r' ^Se ^eprjr' 'AfJivOdovd 6' i
260 r^ 8e /ner' 'AvTioirrjv tSov 'Ao"W7roro
7)' 87) /cat Ato? eu^er' eV dyKoivtyriv tavcrat,
/cat p* TKei> 8vo TratS', 'A/a^io^a re ZyjOov re,
ot Trpwrot T^^? eSo<? e/crto~a^ CTrraTrvXoto,
irvpyoMrdv r', eVet ov /xev aTrvpywro^ ye
265 vaifji.v evpv^opov TJprjv /cparepw vrep eovre.
r7)v 8e jaer' 'AX/c/xr^i'T]^ tSoi/ 'Aja^)trpvajvos
17 p' 'Hpa/cX^a Opao'viJLeiJLi'Ova BvpoXeovra
yetvar' eV ay/cotV^o-t Atog /xeyaXoto /xtyeto~a
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 123
f Kpetoi>ro5 vncpOvfjLOLo Ovyarpa,
270 rrjv \ev 'AfJL(j>LTpvu)vo<; vibs /xeVo5 ateV dretp^V
r OtSiTroSao 180^, KaXrjv 'EmKa.o"rr)v t
epyov cpe^ev dtSpetTjcrt VOOLO
a va 6 8' 6V Trarep' e^evapi^as
yrjfjLtv dtfrap 8' d^ctTrvcrTa ^eot 6e<ra.v a
275 dXX' 6 /otei/ e^ ^rffill TToXvrjpaTO) dXyea
Ka8/xeta>i/ rjvaa'a'e #toi/ 6X00.5 8ta ySov
17 8' 6^817 et? 'At'Sao rrvXaprao Kparepolo,
dv//a/xeVi7 (^po^ov aiirvv d<f>' ur/n^Xoto
w d^ei cr^ofjLV7) rw 8' dXyea /cdXXtTr' OTrtcrcrtu
280 TToXXa, /xdX', ocrcrcL re /x^rpo? lpi.vv<; e/creXeovcrti/.
/cat XXwpiv eTSoi' Trept/caXXea, r^ TTOTC
yqH.ev eov 8td /cdXXos, eVel vrope /xupta eSi/a,
oTrXorarrp Kovpyv 'A/x^)tovo5 'lacrt'Sao,
05 TTOT' eV 'O/3^o/>te^a> Mti/uetw I^t aWcrcrez'
285 ^ 8e HvXou /3a(rt'Xeve, re/<ev Se' ot dyXad
Necrro/ad re Xpo/xto^ re IIe|Oi/cXv/u,>6V r' d
rolcri 8' eV' l^Oi^v Hrjpa) re/ce, Oavp,a
rv]v 7rd^T5 i*.v<i>ovTO TrepiKTLTOLL ovS' dpa
TOJ e'Si'Sov, 05 /AT) eXt/cci5 y8oa5 ev/3v/xercu7rov5
290 e'/c <I>vXd/CT75 e'Xdcrete ^81175 'I(f>iK\-r)ei.'Y]<;
dpyaXea5. Ta.5 8' 0105 vTrec
f.e\a.a.v ^aXenr) 8e ^eou /caret /xotpa
8ecr/zot r' dpyaXeot /cat y8ov/coXot dy/aot&irat.
dXX' ore Sr) fMrjves re /cat ^/xepat e'^ereXeiWo
295 d^/ 7reptreXXo/x,eVov ereo5 /cat e
/cat rdre 817 /xti^ eXvo~e ^8117 'I^
$e'cr<ara TTO.VT etTrd^ra, Ato5 8' e'reXetero (3ov\TJ.
/cat A^'S^i^ etSot' rrp TwSape'ov Trapd/cotrtv,
17 /?' VTTO Tvt'Sape'w Kparepofypove yetVaro TratSe,
124 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
300 KdcTTOpd 6* tTTTrdSajaov /cat TTV^ dyaBov HoXvSeu/cea,
TOVS djjL<j)(t) faovs /carpet <ucrioos ata
ot /cat vepBev y^s TL^V 77/309 ZT^O? e^o^res
dXXore /aeV wovo-' eVepr^tepot, aXXore 8' avre
reOvacTLV TLfjLrjv Se XeXdy^acrtt' tcra 0eol(TLv.
305 r^ Se jaer' 'I^i/xeSeta^ 'AXw^
, 17 ST) Bounce IlocretScxajvt
ereKtv 8uo TratSe, ^ivvvBa^ioj Se
T dvTL0eop r^Xe/cXetroV r' '
817 /r^Aacrrovs 0pe\lie ^et'Sw/aos dpovpa
310 /cat TroXv /caXXtcrrovs /xera ye /cXvrot' '
eVveiwpot yap rot ye /cat eWeaT
evpos, dra/3 ^/co? ye yvi<jQf\v eWeopyutot.
ot yoa /cat aBavdroKTiv ctTretXif'np eV 'OXv/A7rw
f^vXoTTtSa (TTTJ(TLV TToXuat/COS TToXe/XOtO.
315 "Oo"o~a^ CTT' OvXujLtTra) p.efjiao'av Oepev, avrdp ITT' v Oo~o"]7
n^Xtov ett'oo't^uXXov, tV ovpavo? a/x/3aro? 117.
/cat i/v Kev e'^ere'XecnTav, et 17^8175 fterpov IKOVTO
dXX' oXecrev Ato? uto?, 6V T^U/CO/XO? re'/ce AT^TW,
d[jL(j)OTepo), Trpiv o~(f)<Div VTTO KpoTa^oKTLv touXou?
320 dv0r)(T(u 7rv/cao-at re yeVvs evavBti Xd^vr).
^>atS/3i7^ re HpoKpiv re tSov KaXijv r' '
Kovpvjv MtVwo? oXod^povo?, 17^ Trore
e'/c KpfJTirjs e'? yovvov 'Affyvdcov iepdcov
yye JAW, ovS' aTrd^ro irdpo<; 8e' /xt^ ^Aprejat? e/cra
325 AtTy eV dfjifapvTr) ALOVVCTOV fAapTvpLrjaLv.
Malpdv re KXv/xeV^v re tSov (TTvyepT/jv r'
77 ^pvcrov <j>i\ov avSpo? eSe'^aro TifMTJevra.
Trcto-a? 8' ou/c aV e'yw /xv^cro/xat ouS' O
ocro-a? r)pa>a>v dXd^ou? tSot' r)8e Bvyarpa^
330 7T/)t^ yap /cev /cat i/u^ <^^tr' a/x^Sporo?. dXXa /cat
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 125
eu'Seti>, rj eVt vrja Oorfv e'X^o^r' e? erai/aov?
17 aurou Tro/xTrty Se #eot9 v/xu> re ^cX^cret."
a9 e<f)a0\ oi 8' apa 7rdWe9 a/op e'yeVovro
Kr)X-rj6fji(o 8' ecr^ovro /card /oteyapa cr/adei/ra.
335 Toicriv 8' 'AptjTr) XevKwXei'os
" ^>aiT7/ce?, 77W? v^^iv dvrjp o8e
d? re fJieyeOos re tSe (f>peva<s ev^ov e't
8' avr' e/ads eVrtv, e/cacrros 8' e/ot/xope
TO> /xr) eVetyd/xei/ot aTTOTre/iTrere, /rrjSe ra 8wpa
340 ovrto xpyL^ovTi. /coXovere TroXXa yap u/ui>
KTif/xar' eVl ^eydpoicn Be&v IOTTJTI /ceoi/rat."
Tot(rt Se /cat /xereeiTre yepatv 17/30)9 'E^eV^o?,
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" w <^)tXot, ov jaav ^/xti/ 0,776 (T/COTTOV ov8' euro 80^179
345 fjivBelrai ^SacriXeta Treptypwv dXXa TrLOecrde.
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AX/ai>oou o eK 1 rouo e^erat tpyov re e7TO9 re.
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" TOUTO jLtet' ov'ro) 8^ ecTTai e7TO9, at /cev eycij y
350 eu>O9 8e rX^ra) /xctXa Trep I/OOTOIO
6)1x77179 ov^ eVt/xett'at es avpiov, et9 o KC irdcrav
8&jrtVi7^ reXecrw. TTO/XTTT) 8' aVSpecrcrt /xeXrycret
Tracrt, /xaXtcrra 8' e'/xot rou yap /cparo9 rr' eVt Sry
TOV 8' a7ra/aei/3o/>tei>o9
355 " 'AX/ctVoe fcpetov , TrdvrcDV dptSetKTe
et jite /cat et9 eviavrov di/wyotr' avr66i
TTOfjLirrjv 8' orpwotre /cat dyXaa Swpa StSotre,
/cat /ce TO (3ov\oiiJL'r]i>, /cat /cei^ TroXv /cepStov 117,
TrXetorepr} crv^ X L P^ ty\riv 9 TrarptS' t/ceV^at
360 /cat /c' at8otdrepo9 /cat ^>tXrepO9 dvSpdcnv eiTjv
7rao~tv, ocrot /A' 'l^ct/c^t'Se tSotaro vocrTfjcravTa.."
126 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
TOV 8' avT* 'AX/ctVoo? d7ra/u,et/3eTo (fruvrjcrev re
" to 'OSvcrev, TO yaeV ou rt cr' eier/coju,ei> etcropowvres,
rjTrepoirfjd r' ejuef /cat eVt/cXoTroi', old re TroXXov?
365 fiocrKd, yata /Ae'Xatva TroXucrTrepe'a? dvOpatTrovs,
i//evSed T' dpTvvovras, o^ey /ce' Tt? ov8e t8otro
crot S' eTTt /xei/ fj,op(f)r) e-rrecov, evi 8e (frpeves ecr^Xat.
fjivdov 8' w? or' dotSo? eVioTa/AeVa)? /careXefa?,
TTOLVTCDV r' 'Apyetwv oreo r' avrov /c^'Sea \vypd.
370 dXX' dye yaot rd8e etrre /cat dr/ae/cew? /cardXe^o^,
et rii/as dvTiOeuv erdpuv t8eg, ot rot d'/x' avrw
et? d/jt' eVovro /cat avrov TTOT/XOV eirecriTOv.
O> X^ /v r /) / I >^'
o 1706 /xaAa /xa/cpr^, ac/eo"^)aTO? ovoe TTCO
eV /Aeydpw, crv Se /xot Xeye #e<j/ceXa epya.
375 /cat /cev e? ^a> Stat' d^atr^ot/xi^^, ore /aot cru
rXati^? cy /Lteydpw rd era /cr^Sea
/ rov 8'
" 'AX/ctvoe Kpelov, Trdvratv dptSei/ceTe Xawv,
cupi7 /u,^ TroXeiwv pvdcDV, ojprj 8e /cat UTTVOU
380 et 8' eV d/coue/>tevat ye XtXateat, ov/c dV e'yw ye
crot (f)0oveoLfJLL /cat ot/CT/3OTep' dXX' dyo/aeuetv,
* fjLO)i> erdpuv, ot 817 /xeTO7rto~^ev oXo^TO,
ot Tptuwv /Aev vTret;(f)vyov crrovoeo'O'a.v dvrr)v,
Iv vocrTO) 8' a77oXovTO /ca/cTj? toTT^Tt ywat/cd?.
385 avrdp eVet r/^v^d? /uev dTrecr/ce'Sacr' dXXuSt? dXXr;
r) Hepcr6(f)6veia yvvaiKwv
8' eVt i//vx>) 'Aya/Lte^tvo
Trepl 8' dXXat dy^yepa^', ocrcrot dyu,'
ot/cw ev Atytcr^oto Odvov KOLI TTOT/JLOV e
390 eyvcu 8' ati//' e/x' e/cetvo?, eVet Trtev af/xa
/cXate 8' o ye Xtyew? OaXepov Kara Sdicpvov
TTLTVCLS et? e'/u,e ^etpa-?, ope^acrdan
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 127
>\\> / e V T * * ' "
aAA ov yap OL er i]V 19 e/x7reoo9 ouoe TI /a/a>9,
0117 TTtp 7701/309 (TKV cVl yva/JLTTTolcTL
395 rov tieV e'yco 8d/cpucra iSco^ eXe'^crd re
/cat /uui' (^aj^'cra? evrea Trrepoevra
rt? i/v ere /o)p eSci/utacrcre Tavr/Xeyeo? Oavdroio ;
f] ere y* et> vtjea'a'L IlocretSaa;^ e'
400 operas dpyaXe'w^ avffjuuv a^eyaprov
et
ota>^ Tratea
^e Trepl TrrdXto? /xa^eou/aei^oi/ ^Se yvvaiKtov ;
a9 e^xx/xT/v, 6 Se /x' OLVTIK d/xetySo/xevo?
405 ' Stoyez/e? AaeprtdST/, TroXv/x^av' 'OSvcrcrev,
our' e'/ae' y' eV ^ifecrcrt IlocretSawf e'
opera? apyaXe'wv di/e/xw^ d/xeyaprov a
oure /x' dt'dpcrtot aVSpes eS^X^cra^r' eVt
dXXd /xot Atyto~^o? rev^a? Qa.va.rov re popov re
410 e/cra crvi/ ouXotteVrj dXd^a), ot/cd^Se /caXe'cro'a?,
SetTTi/tcrcra?, cos rt? re Ko.TeKTa.ve j3ovv eVt <j)a.Tvr).
a>? Odvov ot/cricrrco 9a.va.T(p Trepl S' aXXot eratpot
i/cuXe/xe / a>5 KTCLVOVTO crve? w? apy
ot pa r' eV a<j)viov dvSpbs /xeya
415 ^ ydttco 17 epdvo) r} eiXaiTLvr) T0a\vir).
17817 /xev TTO\4<t>v <j>6v(o d
p.OVl>d KTiVOfJievO)V KO.I
aXXa /ce Keiva /xcxXtcrra tScui/ 6Xo<f>vpao
w? d/x^)t Kp-YjTrjpa rpaTre'^a? re Tr
420 KLfj.0 y eVt /xeydpw, SctTreSo^ 8* O.TTO.V at/ueart
oiKTpoTdTf]v 8* 17/covcra 6Va Ilptd/xoto Ovyarpos
Kacrcr 011/8^179, r^v KTelve KXi^-at/x^crrpTy SoXdttTyrt?
e'/xot, avrdp e'yai TTOTI yctti7 ^et/aa9 dtipaiv
128 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
a.Trodi>ri<TK(Dv Trept ^>acrydVtu ' rj Se
425 vo(r<f>LO'a,T\ otSe fjiOL erKrj IOVTL Trep ets 'At'Sao
^e/ocrt KOLT 6(f>6a\(jiov<; eXe'ety crvv re CTTO/A' e'petcrat.
w? ou/c aivorepov KOI Kvvrtpov dXXo ywat/cds,
17 Tts 877 rotavra /xera (ftpecrlv epya ftdXrjTai
olov $r) /cat KetVry e/ATftraro epyov aet/ce?
430 KOvptStw rev^acra. Trocret, <f>6vov y rot e^i/ ye
dcTTracrto? TratSecrcrtt' tSe S/xwecrcrti' Ifjiolo'iv
ot/caS' e\V(rO"^at 17 8' eifo^a Xvypa tSuta
oc re /car' ato"^o? e^cve /cat ecrcrofJLevrjo'i^ OTTtVcrw
BrjXvreprjcn y\)va.i^i, /cat 17 /c' eve/ayos eVyo"t^.'
435 a>? (j>aT\ avrap lyat piv d/z,et/3o//,ez/o5 irpocreenrov
' oS TroTrot, ^ jactXa Sr) yd^ot' 'Ar/aeo? evpvoira Zev?
e/CTTCtyXeu? ^^pe ywat/cet'a? Sta ySouXas
e^ apx^s ' 'EXeVr;? /xei/ a7rwXd/xe^' etve/ca TroXXot,
aot Se KXvraifJLpTJcrTpr] SoXoi^ yprve T7)\60* e'di
440 ciS? e'^d/ATji', 6 Se' /x' avrt/c' d/xet/8d/Ae^o?
O) vw /x>; TTOTC /cat o~v ywat/ct 7re/3 1777105
ot p.v0ov cLiravra in<f>av(rKfjiev, ov K ev
dXXa TO /xei/ <^acr^at, TO Se /cat KKpvfJifJLvop el^at.
dXX' ov crot.y', 'OSucrev, ^>dvo5 ecrcreTat e/c ye ywat/coV
445 Xti^v yap TTIVVTTI re /cat ev <f>pecrl
Kovprj 'I/captoto, ireptypcov rbyi'e
eV /atv iwfji(f>r)v ye verjt' /caTeXetTro/xev ^
TroXe/xoVSe Trcit? Se' ot ^v eVt
o? TTOV vvi/ ye /aeT* dvSpwv tet d
450 0X^8105 i)* yap TO^ ye Trarrjp <t'Xo5 oi//Tat e\0an>,
/ /cat /cet^o? TraTCpa TrpocrTTTv^eTat, 77 ^e/xt? ecrrlv.
rj 8' e'/ut^ ovSe' Trep vto^ eViTrX^cr^i/at d/cotTt?
6(^)0 aXfJLOLOTLv eiao~e Trctpo? 8e' /ae Tre'^ve /cat avrov.
aXXo Se' Tot epeiw, o~v 8 ' eVt <^>peo~t ySdXXeo crfj(TLi>.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 129
455 Kpvft&rjv, ft^S' ava^av^d, <j>i\v)v e's Trarpt'Sa yalav
vfja /cartcr^e)u,e^at, eVet ou/cert mora yvvai^Lv.
dXX' dye /Mot rdSe etTre /cat drpeKe'ws
ei TTOV ert aWros aKouere TratSos e/xoio,
17 TTOU eV 'O/3^o/ae^w 17 eV IIvXw ?7/
460 ^ TTOU Trap Mei/eXdw ei/l ^Trdprrj evpeir)
ov yap KM redvT]Kf.v eVl ^Bovl 8109 '
w? et^ar', avrap lya> pus d/utet^Sd/xe^o?
' 'ArpeiSr^, rt /ae ravra Stetpeat ; ovSe rt olSa,
^wet o y' 17 T6vr)Kt KO.KOV 8' di'e/xwXta fid^eiv'
465 i/ait jaef a>? eTreecrcrt^ d//,et^8o/xeVoj (TTvyepolcnv
^vvfjievoi OaXepov Kara Sa/cpv
8' eVt T/'V^T) Il^X^tdSew '
IIaryoo/<X^o9 /cat d/Av/xoi'O? '
Atavrd? #', os aptcrros o^i/ elSds re Se/xas re
470 rwt' aXXwz/ Aavawi^ /u,er' d/x
eyva> 8e x/n^X 1 ? A 16 7ro8&j/ceos Ata/ctSao
Kat ^' 6Xo(^)vpo^teVi7 eVea Trrepoevra T
' Stoyei'es AaeprtdS^, TroXvp.TJ^av' 'O8vo~crcv,
o-^erXte, TITJT' ert /Ltet^oi^ eVt ^peal /nr^Veat epyov ;
475 7rw9 erX^s 'At8dcr8e KareX^e)u,ev, eV^a re
ac^oaSe'es i^aiovcrt, ftpOTtov etSwXa
ws e(f>ar\ avrap e'yw /Ltti^ d/u,et^8d/u,e^os
' a> 'A^tXei) n^XrJos vte', /Aeya
^X^ov Tet/aecrtao Kara ^pe'os, ''
480 etrrot, OTTWS 'Wa.Kr]v es TratTraXdecrorav i
ov yap TTO) o"xe8o^ -q\6ov 'A^attSos, ouSe' TTW dy
y^? iref3r)i>, dXX' atev e)(Qj KaKa. o~eto 8', '
ov rts d^/3 7rpo7rdpoL0 /uaKapraros our' d'p' O7rto-o"w
Trptv /zeV yap o*e ^wo^ e'rto/xev to~a
485 'Apyetot, t'ui^ aure /aeya Kpare'ets
130 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XI.
rut [J,TJ TL Bavaiv
a9 l(f>dp.rjv, 6 Se' p,' avrtV d/xet/Jd/xevos irpocreenrtv
' /LIT) 817 /xot Bdvarov ye TrapavSa, <at'St/x' '
/3ovXoifAr)v /c' eVdpovpo? eoiv BrjTevejJLev dXX&j,
490 d^Spi Trap' dK\TJpa), <w /XT) /3ioros TroXv? 6117,
17 vracrtv i/e/cvecro't KaTa^Bi^evoiO'iv a.vdo'creLv.
aXX' aye /xot rov TratSo? dyavov p.vOov eVtcrvreg,
17 eTrer' e<? TrdX^ov vrpd/xo? eja/xe^at, -^e /cat ov/a.
6t7re oe /xot 1117X^09 d/xv^xo^o?, et rt
495 77 er' e^et rttt^ TroXecriv ttera
^ /xtv aTi/xdou0"iv d,^' 'EXXdSa re 3>6Lf)v re,
ovveicd [Liv Kara y^pa? e^ei ^etpd? re TrdSa? re.
t yap e'ycuv eVapwyo? UTT' avyct?
roto? e'div, otd? 77or' evt
500 irefyvov Xabv apicrTov djjLvvcov 'Apyetoto"tv
et rotd(r8' eX^ot/xt ^IvvvBd irep e'? Trarepo? 8a>
TO) K6 TO> (TTV^aifJLL /XeVo? Ktt! ^t/3a5 daTTTOV?,
ot Keivov fiiowvTOiL itpyovcriv r' aTro rt/x^?.
a!<? ex^ar', avrdp e'yw /xtt' d/xei/3d/xe*/o5
505 ' 17 rot, /xev 1117X^0? d/xv/xoi/o? ou rt TreVvcr/xat,
avrdp rot vratSd? ye NeoTrroXetioto <^)tXoto
Trdcrav dXrjQefyv /xv^Vo/xat, w? /xe KeXevei?.
avros yap tttv e'yco /ccuX^s evrt ^1765 etcrTy?
T7yayot e'/c ^Kvpov /xer' e'v/ci^tttSa? '
510 77 rot or' dtt(^)t TrdXti/ Tpoirjv ^pa^ot/xe^a
atet 7ram>5 e8ae /cat
NeVrcop dvTL0eo<; /cat e'yai t't/cdo'/co/xe^ otco.
avrap or' eV TreStw Tpaxov /xapi^at/xe^a ^aX/ca>,
ov TTOT* ei/t irXrjOvl tteVev dv$p<i)v ov8' eV 6tttXa>,
515 dXXa TroXv Trpo06<TKi> lov /xeVog ovSei/t et/cwt',
TToXXou? 8' avSpa? 7re<f)i>6v Iv alvrj Srytorr^rt.
OMHPOY OAY22E1A2 A. 131
7rdl>ra<? 8' OVK O.V e'yCO fJ,V0TJ(TO{LCH. OtlS' OVOfJLTJVto),
ocrcrov Xaov eTretfrvev d/xwwt' 'Apyeioi0"ii>,
dXX' ofoi> rov TrjXetfiL&rjv KaTevrfparo ^aX/cw,
520 rjpa)' EupuVuXoz', TroXXol 8' d/x(' avrov eralpot.
K^'retot KTeivovro yvvaLLoiv et^e/ca Batpcov.
Ktivov $r) KaXXtcrrov tSot' /zero, Me/x^o^a Stov.
avrap or ets ITTTTOV /caTe^8atVo/ae^, 6V KCI/A' 'ETreios,
'Apyeiwt' ot a/3to"rot, e/xol 8* CTT! Trdvra reraXro,
525 ^ef d^a/cXtt'at TTVKIVOV Xo^ov ^8' evrt^et^at,
ev^' aXXot Aat'aoiji' ^y^ro/ae? ^8e /aeSoi/re?
$a.Kpvdi r' w^opyvvvro rpefjiov 6* VTTO yvta e/cdcrTov
KtlVOV 8' OU 7TOT6 TTOL^TTaV ijtoV i&OV 6(j)0a\jJiol(TiV
ovr ut^p^cravrai XP a KaXXifJiov ovre irapuwv
530 $di<pv 6fJiopd[jLi>oi> 6 Se' /xe /xctXa uoXX' L
iinrodev e^e/ae^at, ^t^eo? 8' eTre/Aaiero
KOL Sopv ^aXicoySa/ae?, /caica Se Tpc^ecrcn
dXX' ore Sr) Hpidpoio ir6X.iv SteTrepcra/Ltei'
fjLolpav Kal yepas ccrOXbv e\o)v eVt ^1765
535 dtrKT)^^'?, ovr' a/o ySe^SX^/w-eVo? o^et ^aXxw
our' avrocr^eStT7^ ouracr/xeVos, otct re TroXXa
yiyi/erat eV TroXe/xw ' eVitu^ 8e' re ttatVerat
a!? {(frdfji'rjv, ^fv^r) Se TroScej/ceo? Ata/aSao
<f)OiTa /xa/cjoa /8tySao-a /car' ao~(oSeXoi> Xet/xaii/a,
540 yrjOocrvirr), o ol vlov (j)rjv dptSet/cero^
at 8' aXXat i/;v^al ^e/cua>^
ecrracra^ d^vvtte^at, elpoino Se
0117 8' Ata^ro? ^XT) TeXa/xwvtdSao
545 r^V ttti/ e'yai vLKrjcra St/ca^d/xe^o? Trapa, vr\vcr\v
Se Trdri/ta
TratSe? Se Tpatwv ScKacrav /cai IlaXXd? y A0TJvr).
132 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XL
JJ.T) O<f>eXoi> VIKOLV TOltoS' 77"' d
yap Ke<j>a\rjv eW/c' avrwv yala
550 Atai^', os Trepi /xev 1805, irepi 8' epya TCTVKTO
T(ov d\\(Dv Aavawv /xer'
TOV fJLev eyatv eVeeo"o~t
' Alai^, iral TeXa/Awt'o? d/au/xot'o?, ov/c ap' e/xeXXe?
ov8e 0ava)v X^'o'ea'^at e/xol ^oXov etVe/ca
555 ouXo/xeVwv ; ra 8e 7nJ/aa ^eot 6e<rav 'Ap
TOto? ya/3 cr^tv Trv/oyo? aTrwXeo creto 8' '
Icroi/ 'A^tXXrJo? K(f>a\f) Il^X^taSao
a^vvfj,0a <f>8ifjivoLO Sta/xTiepe?. ovSe rt? aXXo?
amo?, dXXa Zevs &avaa)v o-rparbv al
560 e/cTrayXw? r)y6r)pe, TELV 8' eVt ^oipav
dXX' aye 8ev/3o, avat;, Iv eVos /cat pvdov d/
SajLtacrov 8e /xe^o? /cat dyijvopa
>J ' e^/> >\ > 'r> O ^ X > *\ \
e<pa//,77i>, o oe /x ovoev a/xeipero, p^ oe /xer aAAas
565 eV#a ^* o/to)? Trpoac^rj Ke^oXcu/xevo?, 77 /cev ey w
dXXa /xot yjBeXe 6v[jLO<s evl crr^ecrcrt
dXXcov t//v^a5 tSeeti' KaTa
evO' 77 rot MtVwa tSo^, Atog dyXaot*
-KVJTTTpOV )(OVTa 0[JLL(TT6VOVTa V
570 77^6^0^, ot 8e jat^ dfji^i StKa? elpovro dvaKTa
77/xei^ot ecrraore? re /car' evpvTrvXe? ^AtSo? Soi.
rov 8e /ACT' 'flptwva TreXtopiov eicrevorjcra
Orjpas OIMOV etXevifra /car' dox^oSeXoi' Xet/aai^a,
rovg auro? KareTrefyvev Iv oloTroXoicriv opecrcrLv
575 ^epcriv c)((t)V poTraXov Tray^dX/ceoz^, atev aayeV
/cat Ttrvov etSov, FatT^? ept/cvSeo? vtdv,
ev SaTreSw, 6 8' err' eVvea /cetro
Se /xtv CKarepOe TraprjiJLeva) r)7rap e/cetpov
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 A. 133
Seprpov eo~o) Swo^re?, 6 8' ov/c a
580 Arjrco yap iJX/ojcre, Atos /cuS/arp TTapa.Koi.TLv
Hv0(t>$ y p-^p^4vr]v Sta KaXXi^opov Uai/OTny
/cat p,r)v TdVraXoz' etcretSoi' Kparcp' aXye
ecrreaV et Xt^bi^' -^ Se TrpooreVXa^e yevei(o-
crreuro 8e S//aa>i>, Tneew S' OVK
585 6cr(raKt yap Kui//et' 6 yepa>v
yata /xeXatva ^>ai/ecr/ce, /cara^Vacrice Se
8eV8pea 8' v^jiireTr^Xa Kara KprjOev ^e
oy^yai /cat poial /cat fjirjXeai dyXaoKapiroi
590 (rv/ceat re yXv/ce/aat /cat eXatat TTyXe^daxrat
rail' OTTOT' t#vcrei' 6 yepcov eVt X P (T ^ i f*>oioracr6ai,
ra? 8' ai/e/xos ptVracr/ce TTOT! ve<f>ea (TKioevTa.
/cat /x^v StcriK^oz' etcretSo^ Kparep* aXye'
\aav fiacTTai^ovTa Tre\(apiov dfji<j>oTpr)O'iv.
595 -iy rot 6 /MCV cr/c^ptTrro/Ltet'os ^epcriv re TTOCTLV re
Xaav dvot a>^ecr/ce TTOTI X6<f)ov dXX' ore /xeXXot
aKpov vTrep/BaXetLv, TOT' a,7rocrT/3e\//acr/ce /cparatt?
avrt? eTretra TreSoi^Se /cuXtVSfro Xaa? dvatSr;?.
avrdp o y at/; wcracr/ce rtrat^d/xevog, /caret 8' iS
600 eppeev e'/c /aeXeiwt', /COVIT; 8' e/c Kparo? opdtpew.
TOV 8e /xer' eicrevoycra fi'vqv ' Hpa/cX^et^i',
etSwXot'' avro<? 8e /aer' dOavaTOiO'i Beoicriv
re/)7rerat eV ^aXtr^g /cat e^et KaXXio-<f>vpov
7rat8a Ato? fjLeydXoio /cat "H/DTJS ^pvor
605 d/a</)t 8e /Atv /cXayy^ veKvaiv yv oiwfav 009,
vravrocr' drv^o/xeVwv 68' pep,i>f) VVKTI eot/cw?,
yupvov ro^ov <i\(DV /cat e?rt vevpfj<f)i.v oicrroV,
TraTTTaivoiv, atet ySaXeo^rt eot/cois.
Se ot dp.<f)l irepl crTijO^crcnv dopTrjp
134 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XI.
610 xpvcreos ty TeXa/u-wv, tVa #e'cr/ceXa epya re'ru/cro,
dp/crot r' dyporepot re crues ^apOTroi, re XeWres,
vcr/xti/at re ttdxat re <oVot r d^Spo/cracriat re.
/XT) rexi'Tjcrd/xei'OS ttrjS' aXXo rt
05 Kelvov reXattaij'a erj ey/cdr$ero
* O>> *>>5^ >> O
615 eyi/a) o avr e/x e/cavos, evret ioev
/cat /A' 6\o(f)vp6fjievo<; eVea Trrepoej/ra Trpoa"Y)v$a
' Stoyeveg Aae/DrtaSi], TroXv/Ltif^av' 'OSucrcrev,
a SetX', ^ rtva /cat cru KO.KOV /xdpoi/ ^
ov Tre/3 eyajf o^eecr/co^ vrr' avyas
620 Zi^vo? /xev 7rcu5 iya K/oo^to^os, avrdp O
el^of aTreipecriif]v /xaXa yaya TroXv
SeS/A^T/i/, 6 Se /xot ^aXeTrou? eVereXXer' de
/ X > J /) / * i / > *-> > > \ V > *\ \
/cat TTOTC /x evuao 7re/xi//e /cvi^ agoi/r ou yap er aAA.oi'
rovSe ye /u,ot KparepatTepov eti/at
625 rot' /xev e'yojt' az'eVet/ca /cat i^yayov e'^" 'AtSao,
'Ep/xeta? Se' /x' eVe/xi/;e^ tSe yXav/cwTTt? ^AOyjmrj,
d)<s etTrcoj/ 6 /xev avrts e)8i7 Sofiov ^AtSo? etcrw,
aura/9 e'yaiv avrov /xeVoi/ ettTreSov, et rt? er' eX^ot
dv^pSiv rjpaxuv, ot 8^ ro Trpo&Oev o\ovro.
630 Kat i^u /c' ert Trporepovs tSov dz/epas, ou? tOekov Trep,
r^cre'a TLeipiOoov re, ^ea^ e'pt/cuSe'a re'/cz/a
dXXd Trptv eVt eS9^e' dyetpero /xvpta
*ixf) ^fTTCcrn^ ' e'/xe Se ^Xcopov Se'o?
/Lti7 /xot Topyeirjv K6<j>a\r)v Sett'ot
635 e' 'AtSecu 7re/xi//etei' dyatr^ ITepcre^o^eta.
avrt/c' eVetr' evrt v^a /cta^ e/ce'Xevoi^ eratpou?
avrou? r' d/x^8aiVet^ di^ct re TrpvfJLvijo'La Xutrat.
ot S' ati|/' eicrftaivov /cat eVt jcXr^tcrt /ca$tov.
r^ oe /car' 'fi/ceai'6i> Trora/xo^ </>epe /cvtta pooto,
640 Trpwra /xei^ etpecrt^, /xereVetra Se /cdXXittog oupo?."
OMHPOT OAT22EIA2 M.
'AA.KUOV d-rroXo-yoi.
, 2/cuXXa, Xdpu/88tg, /?oeg 'HXtov.
" avrdp eTrel Trora/ototo \lirev poov 'n/ceaz/oto
dVo 8' t/cero /cv/xa ^a
vr\<rov T Pdaiyv, 061 r 'Hov? ly/
ot/cta /cat XP^ e ^ crt Ka ^ ttp'ToXat 'HeXtoto,
' eX^o^re? eKeXcra/xev eV \jjafjid0 OLCTLV,
/cat avrot ev eVt
ev0a 8' airo (3 pi ai>Te<;
^/AO? 8' -^ptyeVeta (f)dmrj yooSoSa/cruXo? 'Hoi?,
8^ TOT' eywt' erapou? Trpotew e? 8a>/xara Ktp/ci^g
10 ot<je/>tevat vtKpov, 'EXvn^t'o/aa T0isr}a)Ta.
8' au//a ra/xovre?, o^' a/cpoTarrj
v d^yv^evoi 9a\epov /cara Sa/cpv
avrdp eVet i/e/cpd? re /ca^ /cat reu^ea venpov,
Tvp.(3oi> ^evatre? /cat eVt 0-717X17^ e/jucravres
15 Tnj^ajjLev d/cporarw rv/x/8o) cvfjpes eper^ov.
i^/xet? yu,ev ra e/cacrra StetVo/xet' ' ou8' a/aa
e^ 'AtSea> \66vre<$ \TJ0ofA,ev, dXXa /xdX' w/ca
77X0* eVrv^a/xeV^ ' a/txa 8' dju.<t7roXot <f>pov avrrj
(rlrov /cat /cpea TroXXa /cat aWoTra oivov epvOpov.
20 17 8 ' eV jLteo-(raj crrdcra /xerry v8a Sta
136 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
' cr^erXtot, ot &>oire<? vmjXBere SCO/A' 'At'Sao,
Sto-#ai>e'es, ore r' dXXot aira Ovirja-Kovcr' av0 PCDTTOL.
d\\' ayer' eV#tere /Bpc^prjv /cat TrtVere
au#t Trai'Tj/xeptot atta 8' 1701
25 TrXevcreo-0' avrap e'yai Seia> 686i> ^8e e/caora
crr)p.ai>ea), Iva (JLTJ TL Ka.Koppa<f>i,r) d
17 cxXo? 17 eVl yJ? dXyTycrere TrfjfJia
T ft /J> O> 9*3 ff\ /) \ >
a>5 <pau , ^/xtv o avr eTreTretc/ero C/u/xog a
c5? rore /aei> TrpOTrav rj^ap e? ^eXtov /caraSui/ra
30 fjp.eOa 8atw/xe^ot /cpea r' acrTrera /cat
^/xo? 8' ^eXto? /careSv /cat e'vrt /c^et^a?
ot //-ei' KOLfjiTJcravro irapa
17 8' e/xe ^etpo? eXouo~a <^i\a)v a
elcre re /cat irpocre Xe/cro /cat e^epeeivev /cao~ra
35 aura/3 eya rry TrdWa /caret fj.olpav /careXefa.
/cat rore 817 /x' eVeecrcrt Trpoa-yvSa TTOTVLOL
' ravra /xe> ovrw Trdvra TrcTreipa.vTa.1, crv 8 '
w? rot e'yaw e'/ae'tu, /x^Vet 8e' o~e /cat #eo<; avrd?.
Set/o^^ag /xe^ Trpwrov d^t^eat, at pa re Trdi/ra?
40 av6 PMTTOVS deXyovcriv, o re' cr^eas
05 rtg cUSpetTj TreXdcrr) /cat <>Qoyyov a.Kovo"fl
^tLprjVQiv, rat 8' ou rt yv^ /cat i^ma reKva
ot/caSe voa'TTJa'avTi, Trapicrrarai ouSe ydw^r
clXXct re ^etpry^e? Xiyvpy 64\yov<riv clotS^
45 T^ttevat eV Xet/xw^t, TroXv? 8' cltt^)' 6o~reo^)t^
dvSpaii/ TTv6ofJLv(i)v, irepl 8e pivoi jJnvvOovcri
dXXct Trape^eXdav, eVt 8' ouar' dXeti//at e
Krjpbv Sev//T7'o"a5 /xeXtTySe'a, /xr^ rt? d/couo~>7
raji/ aXXcut'- drap avro? d/coueju,ei>, at /c' e'^e'
50 S^crdWwi' o~' eV ^171 #077 ^etpd? re TrdSa? re
> /}\ > C /O J > <^ / > >
opuov ev icTTOTreor), e/c o ai/rov Tretpar a
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 137
6(j>pa /ce TepTrd/xei'os 6V' d/covo~77<?
et Se' /ce Xio~o~i7at eYdpous Xuo~at re
ot 8e' a"' eVt TrXeoVeo'O't TOT' eV 8eo"/xotcrt St8eVreui>.
55 avrap lirrjv 8r) Ta<? ye 7rapeeXdcrajo-ii> eraipoi,
eV#a Tot ou/cer' eVetTa St^t'eKe'w? dyopevcrw,
817 TOI 68o? eVcreTai, dXXa /cat auro?
Xeveii' epe'ou 8e' TOI d/x,<oTe/3w#ei>.
yap TreVpat eVrjpe^e'e?, Trporl 8' aura?
60 /cv/xa /aeya po^0el /cvai/wTTiSo? 'Afi^trpin^S
nXay/CTa? 87; Tot TCI? ye ^eoi /aajcape? KaXeovcnv.
rff [j.i> T ov8e TTOTrjra Trapep^erai ovSe vre'Xetat
Tpijpojvts, TOLL r dp,/3pocri'Y)v Atl irarpl (f>pov<TLv,
dXXa TC /cat TOJ^ atei/ dc^atpetTat Xt? Trerpr)
65 dXX' aXXi?*/ evvqo* Trarrjp cixipfflfuov eti^at.
TT) 8* ov TTCJ Tt? 1/171)5 fyvyev av^pCiv, 17 TI?
dXXa ^' 6/xou TTtVa/cds TC tewj/ /cat crw/xaTa
KvjJiaO' cxXo? <j)Opovcri rrvpos r oXooto
0117 8^ KeiTsrj ye TrapeVXw TrovroTTOpos
70 'Apyw Tracrt //.e'Xoua'a, Trap' Atr^Vao TrXe'oucra.
/cat i/u /ce T^I/ eV$' w/ca fidXev /xeydXa? TTOTI TreVpa?,
dXX' Hpry TrapeVe/xil/ev, evret <t'Xos ^ei^ 'lijcruv.
ot Se Sva> cr/covreXot 6 /aev ovpavov evpvv t/cdi/et
6et]7 Kopv(f)f), ve(f>e\T) Se' /Ati> d/x^tySe^/ce^
75 Kva.ver) TO (JLCV ov TTOT' epcoet, ovSe' TTOT' aWprj
/cetVov e^et Kopv^v OUT' eV ^epet OUT' eV o
ouSe' /cei^ d/A/3ai'i7 /SpOTO? dtn^p ovS' eVt^Saty;,
ouS' et ot ^etpe'? TC eet/cocrt /cat TroSe? etei/-
TreTpr) yap Xt<? e'o"Tt, Trept^e'crT^ e't/cuta.
80 yu.e'cro'oj 8' eV o"/co7re / Xa eart o'Tre'o? ^epoetSe'?,
Trpo? 6(j>ov et? epeySo? TeTpa/A/xeVoi/, ^ ?rep aV
TJ-apd y\a<f>vpr)v i^uVere, <^at8t/x,' 'OSvcro-ev.
138 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
ovSe' KG.V IK vr)o<; yXa^uprJs at^to? avrjp
TOO) otcrreucrag KolXov crireos etcra<iKoiro.
85 evOa 8' eVt "2,Kv\\r) z'aiet $>eivov XeXa/cuta.
TTJS ~q rot (frtovr) JJLCV oo~rj cr/cuXa/co? ^eoytX^s
ytyj/erat, avrr) 8 ' avre 7reXw/3 KOLKOV ovSe KC ri?
ciit', ouS' et ^eo? dfrtaa'etei/.
17 rot vroSes etcrt SvwSe/ca Tra^re? aw/aot,
90 e^- Se re ot Set/oat 7re/3t/u,>7/cs, eV Se e/cacrr]7
Kt<f>a\ij, eV Se rptcrrot^ot oSo^reg
/cat ^a/aee?, TrXetot yaeXa^o? 6a.va.Toio.
JJLCV re Kara crTretov? KotXoto
e^w 8' e^iV^et Ke^aXas Seiz/oto
95 avrov 8' ix#vaa, o"^ovreXo
re /cwas re, /cat et Tro^t pei/^ov e\r)crii>
, a p,vpia /3ocr/cet dyacrro^o
rrj 8' ou TTW TTOTC ^avrat d/c^ptot
7rap<f>vyeLv crvv vif]i (^epet 8e' re Kparl
100 ^>wr' e'^ap7TCtacra veo? KvavoirpfopOLO.
rov 8' tTepov (TKOTreXov xBapaXoyrepov oi//et, 'OSucrcrev.
Tr\j]criov dXXtjXcav KOLL Kev Stotorevcreias.
TO> 8' eV e'/atveo? cart /xeya?, (^vXXotcrt
ra> 8' VTTO 8ta Xdpv^88t?
105 rpt9 //,ev yap r' avii^cnv e?r' ^art, rpt? 8'
8eti/ov JUT) crv ye /cet^t ru^ot?, ore p
ov 'yap KCV pvcroLiro o"' v?re/c Ka/cov ouS'
dXXd /xctXa S/cvXXi7? crKOTre'Xw
v^a 7rapeeXaai>, eVet ^ TroXu (freprepov CCTTLV
110 e^ erctjoov? eV ^77! Tro^/xe^at 17 d/>ta Travras.'
a9 e^ar', aura/3 eyw ju,t^ d/xet/3o/xe^o5 Trpocre'etTroj/
' et 8" dye 817 /u,ot rovro, ^ed, z^/xepreg eVtcrTre?,
et 7TW5 r^ oXorjv p.i> u7re/c7r/3O(/)uyot/x,t ~X.dpv(3oii>,
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 139
Trjv Se' K d/UfifUfi'i}*', ore /not crtVotrd y eratpoug.'
115 tug (j>d[A-r)v, 17 8' avrtV d/At/3ero 8ta Oedaiv
' (T^eVXte, /cat Sr) au rot TroXe/x^'ta epya
/cat TroVog ovSe 6eol(Tiv UTret^eat d
rj 8e rot ou OvrjTij, dXX' dOdvarov KO.KOV i
Seti'o^ r' dpyaXeov re /cat dypiov ouSe
120 ou8e' rt? eVr' dX/c^' fyvyceiv Kdp-ncrrov dir
f]v yap $r)6vvr)(r0a /co/3vo-cro/A>os
8etSa>, /ix>7 o-' e'^avrt? etjiopfMrjOelcra
TOcrcrrjCTLV /ce^aXrjcrt, roo-ou? 8' e'/c <^wra5
dXXct fj.dXa cr^oSpoig e'Xdat', /3wcny>eu> 8e Kpdrauv,
125 n,r)Tpa rryg S/cuXXi]?, 17 ^ttv re'/ce TnjfJLa fipoToicriv
rj fjiw eVetr' d,7roi7avo"et e'? vcrrepov 6p(j,r)0fjva.L.
8' e? vrjcrov d^t^eat eV^a 8e TroXXal
' 'HeXtoto ^8oe? /cat t(^>ta //,^Xa,
eVra, fiowv dye'Xat, rocra 8' otai*' ncoea /caXd,
130 TTevnJKOvTa 8' e/cacrra. ydvo? 8' ov yiyverai avruv,
ou8e' Trore (f>0u>v0ovcrL. 0tal 8' eVtTrot/xeVeg eto~iV,
vvfJLCJMU e'u7rXd/ca/iot, $>a0ovcrd re Aa/XTrertr^ re,
a? TKi> 'HeXtw 'TTrepto^t 8ta Ne'atpa.
rd? /uei/ d'pa Opefyacra. re/covcrd re Trdr^ta p-TJrrfp
135 pLva.KLr)v e? vrjcrov aTrw/ctcre Tf)\6di valeiv,
fjLTJXa (j>vXacra'fjL6vai Trarpwta /cat eXt/ca? /Sou?.
rets et /xeV /c' do~tve'a9 eda? vdo~rov re /ae'S^at,
>7 r' ai/ er* et? 'l^d/cryv /ca/cd Trep Trdcr^ovre^ t/cotcr^e
et Se' /ce "tV^at, rdre rot re/c/Ltatpo/x' 6\e0pov,
140 t/^t re /cat erdpot? avro? 8' et Trep /cev dXv^ry?,
6i//e /ca/coi? j'etat oXecra? dVo Trdi/ra? eratpoug.'
cog e(/>ar', avrt/ca 8e ^pwoOpovos TJXv0ev 'Hcug.
17 /xei/ eVetr' dvd vr\<rov aTreo-rt^e Sta 0eda>v
airrdp eyaiv eVt i/7ja Kta>^ arrpvvov eratpovg
140 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
145 avroug T* apfiaiveiv dvd re TrpvjJLVTJCTLa Xvcrat
ot 8' all/;' eia'fia.wov /cat CTU K\r)l(TL /ca#toiA
[&P79 8' e^d/xevot 770X177 1> d'Xa TVTTTOV eper/xots.]
ty/Atf 8' au /caroVtcr^e t'eo? Kvavoirpaipoio
LKp.evov ovpov tet frXi^rtcmoy, icrd\ov Iraipov,
150 KipKr) evTrXd/ca/xo?, 8etv^ ^05 atiS^'etrcra.
avruea 8' oirXa eKacrra vro^crajaei/ot Kara i/^a
rjfjieOa rv)v 8' ave/u,d? re Kv/Se/avryrr/? T' Wvvev.
8^ rdr' eycui/ erapotcrt /xer^vSwv a^i/v/aet'o? /c^p
' w <^>tXot, ov yap ^pi) et'a tS/xevat ov8e Sv* otous
155 Oe(7(j)aB\ a IJLOL KipKr) p.v6ij<raTO, 8ta
dXX' epeiw /u.ei' e'ywi/, w/a eiSore? ^ /ce
TI Kev d\vd.fj,voL ddvaTov KOL Krjpa
ev irpwrov dvdryei 6eo"irecnd(j)V
160 oiov e/a' ^voryeiv OTT' dKovepev dXXa joie Se<r/xa>
S^crar' ev dpyaXeiw, o^>p' e/A-rreSoz' avroBi /at/x^w,
> /)\ sc / >O>> / ' ' J /)
opuov ev tcrroTreor^, eK: o aurou Tretpar avr)<pua).
el Se /ce Xtcrcrw/Liat v/xea? Xvcrat re /ceXevw,
v/u,et5 Se TrXedvecrcrt TOT' eV 8ecr//,otcrt Trte^ett'.'
165 ^ rot e'yo) ra e/cacrra Xeyw erdpotcrt 7Ti<f>avcrKOv
r6(j>pa 8e KapiraXifjiaiS e^t/cero 1^77)5 evepyrjs
vfjcrov 2,ipijvouv eVetye yap ovpos d
avriK eTretr' ai/e/ao? jaei/ eVavcraTo, ^ 8e
eVXero vrjvefjLL'r), /cot/A^cre 8e /cv/xara Sat/xwv.
170 dVcrTaiTe? 8' erapot ^eo? tcrrta fj,r) pvcravro
/cat ra /ACV eV 1/17 1 y\a(f>vprj de<ra.v, ot 8' eV eper/xd
e^d/xei'ot Xev/catvo^ u'S&jp ^ecrr^? e'Xdr^crti/.
avrdp eytu Krjpolo fjieyav rpo^bv o^et ^aX/cw
Tvr0d Star/xif^a? ^epcrt crrtyQapTjcrt Trie/^ov
175 au|/a 8' tatvero /crjpd*?, eVet /ceXero fj.yd\rj 15
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 141
'HeXtov r avyrj ' T7reptoi/i8ao dva/cro?
e^etTj? 8' erdpoto"i*> eV ouara vracrti' dXeti/a.
ot 8' eV vr]L /u,' eSrycrav 6/xov ^etpa? re 77080,5 re
opOov Iv to-roTre'Srj, e'/c 8' avrou Tretpar' a
180 avrol 8' ed/xej/ot TroXtr)^ dXa TVTTTOV
a\\ ore TCKTCTOV dvr^/aet', oo~ov re yeywve ftoijcras,
pifji(j)a StaJ/coi^re?, TO.? 8' ou \ddev
v Qpvvp<vir], \iyvpj)v 8*
ay' t6Ji>, TroXuai^' 'OSvcreu, jaeya /cvSos '
185 i^^a KaTacrTrjcrov, Iva. vtatiffpijv OTT'
ov yap TTW Tt? r^Se 7rapij\a(re vrfl
TrptV y* r)fjie(t)i> fjLeXiyrjpvv aVo o-ro/xctTc^f OTT' d/coOo-at,
dXX' o ye repi//d/x^o5 veira.1 /cat vrXeiofa et8w<?
tSyaet' yap rot 7rdV$', oo"' e^t Tpoay
190 'Apyetot Tpwe'? re #eaii> 10x1771
tS/Aev 8', oo-cra yevY)Ta.i eVl ^9ovl
to? <f)dcra.v letcrat ovra KaXXtjaov avrdp l^ov Krjp
rfde^ d.Kove/xet'ai, Xvcrat r' tKeXevov eratpou?
6(f>pv(ri vevo-rd^aiv ol 8e TrpOTreeroVres epecro-o^.
195 avTiKa 8' dVorrdWes Ilept/x^S^g EupuXo^d? re
7rXetoo"t /A' eV Seo'/toto't Se'of /AaXXdi^ re 7ueoi>.
avrdp eVet Sr) rd? ye TrapryXacrat', ou8' er' eVetra
(^>^oyy^5 'ZeipyjvGiiv rfKovopev ovSe' r' dot8^5,
aw//' aTTO KTjpov eKovTO e'/xot e'ptType? eratpot,
200 6V o~(^>t^ eV aJtriv dXeti//', e/xe' r' e/c Secr^oii/ dve\.v<Ta.v.
dXX' ore 877 r^v vfjcrov eXeuro/xei', avrtV CTreua
KOLTTVOV /cat yueya /cv/aa t8oi^ /cat SOVTTOI' d/coucra.
reui/ 8* dpa Setcrd^rwv e/c ^etpaii/ eWar' eper/xd,
ft6jjL^(rav 8' dpa Trdvra. Kara pdoi^ ecr^ero 8' avrou
305 i/i^v?, eVel ou/cer' e'per/txd Trpo^'/cea ^epo-tf eVetyoi/.
avrdp e'ycu 8td 1^170? tw^ wrpvvov eratpou?
142 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
eVeecrcri TrapacrTaSoz' dv$pa e/cao~roi'
4 eu <iXot, ou yap TTW rt KO.KWV dSaif/xoz'e'? et/xei'
ov /xei/ Sr) rdSe /xet^oi' eTret /ca/coV, 77 ore Kv/cXa>i|
210 etXet eVt (TTT^I yXa(vpGJ /cparepr^t ftfyfav
dXXa /cat evOev ep,r) dper^, /3ovXrj re fow re,
e/c^vyo/ACt', /cai TTOU rwj^Sc /x^crecr^at otco.
** 5* * /)' *j\v /3'/3 '
10;^ o ayet7 , w? az> ey&> eivrw, 7reic/a>jaec/a Trai/rc?
u/xet? />ie^ Ka>TTr)(TLV aXo? prj'yjjuva fiaQelav
215 rvTrrere KXi^tSefrcrtv e^iy/xe^ot, at /ce TTO^I Zev?
StJT7 roi^Se y' oXedpov UTreK^vyeetz^ /cat dXu^at
<rot 8e, KvftepvrjO', aS* eTrtreXXo/xat dXX' ei^t
ftdXXev, CTret i^ryos yXac^iy)^? oiryta ^w/ita?.
rovrov /x,ev /ca7n>oi} /cat /cv/xaro? e/cro? ee/aye
220 z/Tja, eru 8e cr/covreXov emjaateo, /xiy ere \d6r)(Tiv
/cetcr' e^opfiija'a.cra /cat e? KOLKOV d/x/xe ftdX
&S e^d/xi^^, ot 8' cu/ca e/aot? eVeecrcrt
ov/cer' e/xv^ed/xi^v, dirpyKTOv dvir)v
/xot 8etcra^re9 aTroXX^etav eratpot
225 etpecru)?, eVro? Se Tru/cd^otev cr^eas avrov?.
/cat Tore 877 Ktp/CTj? /xet' e^/xocr
\av6 avo^v, eVet ov rt /x' dVwyet
avrdp eyw /caraSu? KXirrd rev^ea /cat 8uo Soupe
ttd/cp* ev \.p<riv e\a)v et? t/cpta
230 Trp(oprj<; evOev yap /xtv eSey/xTp Trpwra
v TrerpatT^v, 77 /xot ^>epe T'
d0pr)crai $vvdfj,-r)i>, e/ca/xov 8e /xot oo~o"
ri TTOLTTTaivovTi Trpo? 7)epoetSea TreTprjv.
/xev crreLvambv dveTrXeo/xe^ yodw^rc?
235 /#' /xev ^/cvXXry, erepw^t 8e Sta Xdpv/38tg
o^. dveppoL(S$*r]cre ^aXdo^o-^? dXtivpov v
rot or' e'^c/xecreie, \e/3r)<; w? eV Trvpt TroXXw
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 143
Tracr' dz/attop/xupecr/ce KVKajfJievr), ui//dcre S' d
d/cpotcrt cr/co7re'Xotcrtj/ eV d
240 dXX' oV dfa/3pdete OaXdcrcrrjs dX/xvpof u
Tracr' eWocr#e ^xx^ecr/ce /cv/cw/xeVry, d/x<t Se
Seti'oi' e'/Se/Spuxei*', virevepde 8e -yata <f>oivcrK6v
\lfdfjLfjia) Kvave-q rou? Se ^Xcopov Seo? r)peii>.
T7/xt? /u,ei> 7T/305 T^ tSo/i,ev Setcra^Te? o\e0pov
245 To<f>pa Se //,ot SKvXXry yXa.(j)vpf)s eV 1/1705 ercu'pov?
e^- \0\ ot ^epcrlv re ftfyfa re (frepraTOL rjcrav.
cr/cei//a/xet'O5 S' e? ^?Ja ^o^ a/xa /cat /xe^' eraipov?
17817 TO>I> Ivorjcra TrdSa? /cat ^etpa?
VI//OCT' detpo/xeVtut' e'/xe Se fyQiyyovro
250 e'^o^o/xa/cX^S^^, rdre y' vcrrarov,
w? S' or' CTTt 7rpo/3oXaj aXtevs TrepLfjLiJKei, pd(S$(t>
l^Ovo'L rot? oXtyotcrt SdXo^ Kara etSara /SaXXcoi'
e'? TTOVTOV Trpoirjcn ySoo? /cepa? dypauXoto,
dcnrcnipovTa. S' eVetra Xa^8a>^ ep/3tx|/e Ovpal^e,
255 o5g ot y' dcnrai.povTe<; deipovTo nporl irerpa.s
avrov S' ett't Bvprjcn /car^cr^te
^et/)a? e'/xot 6/^e / yo^Ta5 eV at^>5 Sr/tor^rt
OIKTICTTOV Sr) /cetvo e/xots
TrdvTODV, ocrcr' e'/xdy^cra Trd/aov? ctXo? e
260 aura/3 eVet Trer/oa? <vyo/xei> Setv^V re Xdpv/8Sti/
S/cuXXr^i/ r', avrt/c' eVretra ^eou e? d/xv/xoi/a
t/cd/xe^' eV^a S' ecrai' /caXat /8de?
TroXXa Se t^>ta /x^X' 'TTrejOtovo? 'HeXtoto.
ST) rdr' e'yco^ ert TroWw eoii/
265 fjLVKrjOfjLov T' rJKovcra /8owi/
re /8Xi7^^V /cat ttot eVo? e/x7recre
dXaov, Pfrjftaiov Tetpecrtao,
T' Atati75, 17 /xot /xdXa TrdXX' eVereXXe/
144 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
vfjcrov dXevacr$at T|Oi//t/A/3poTov 'HeXtoto.
270 87} TOT' eyatv erdpotcrt fjL6T-r)v$<Di> dxvvfievos Krjp
' /ce'/cXvre' /xeu pvQuv /ca/cct irep TracT^o^es eVatpot,
t7Ta> /xavTifta Tetpecrt'ao
r AtatTis, 17 /-tot /xdXa TroXX' eVe
dXevacrOai Tepi//t/x/3/ooTou 'HeXtoto
275 ev^a yap alvoTarov KO.KOV e/x/utevat dfjifja
dXXa napet; rrjv vrjorov eXavvere vrja ^4\
us e(f>dfjLr)v, Toicriv Se KaTe/cXacr^ <f>i\ov
S' EvpvXo^o? arvyepa) p ^/u,et)8eTO
o? ets, 'OSucrev 7re/ot Tot /ieV o?, ovSe Tt yvta
280 /carets r) pd vv <TOI ye cri^yjpea Trdvra re
05 /5* eTapou? Kafjidra) aS^KOTa? ^8e /cat vrrvco
^a
OVK ecxa? yatT/s eTUytevai, ea KCV avre
vrfcro) iv d(j.<f)LpvTr) \apov rervKoi^eOa, Soprrov,
dXX* auTto? Sta vvKTa ^07)1^ dXdX^cr^at
285 vrffTOv aTroTrXay^^eWag
CK vvKTtov 8' dvefjioi ^aXeTrot,
yiyvovrau nfj KZV Tt? vireK^vyoi alnvv oXeBpov,
r\v TTWS eaTTivr)<; fXOrj dv
17 Norov 19 Ze(j>vpoLO Sucraeo?, ot TC
290 i/ija 8tap/3atovcrt $ewi> de/c^Tt dvd/c
dXX' ^ TOI vuv /aei' TreiOw^eda VVKTL
^' oTrXtcro/jiecr^a ^orj Trapd vrjl
v 8' dva/3dvT<; Ivija'
w? et^aT* EupvXo^o?, eVt 8' yvtov dXXot e
295 /cat TOTE 877 ytyvwcr/cov, o 87) /ca/cct
/cat /xtt (fxovTJcra*; errea Trr
' EvpvXo^', 77 /xdXa 877 /ae /3tdeTe poivvov eovra.
dXX' d'ye z/w /xot Trdi/Te? 6/>tocrcraTe xaprepov opKov
et /ce' Ttv' T^e fiowv dyeXrjv rj TTOJV
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 145
300 eupw/xev, fjiij TTOV TIS dTao-0a\Lrjo~i, /ca/c7)crti>
17 flow ye n /jLrjXov dTTOKTavrj aXXa 6/07X01
, TT)P d0a.va.T7) nope
>, ot 8' avrtV aTraipvvo
avrdp eVet p* 6/jLOo~di> re reXevr^crai/ re TOP op/cop,
305 (TTrjaap.v ev Xt/ae^t y\a.(f>vpa) evepyea. vrja
vSaro? yXvKtpolo, Kal ea7re)8i7craf eratpoi
05, erretTa Se SO/JTTOP eVtcrTa/xeW? TCTVKOPTO.
avrap eVet Trdcrto? KCU e'Sr^Tvo? e^ epop
310 ou? <f)aye ^,KvX\rj y\a(j>vpr)<; IK vrjbs eXoucra
/cXatoWecrcri 8e Totcrtv tTrrjXvOe v
TUJLOS 8e Tp^X a ^V KTO ? ^7^5 jLteTa 8' dcrrpa
atpcrev CTTI {a^p dvepov vefaXyytp
Xat'XaTTt Oecnrecrirj, crvv 8e z/e<eecro
315 yatav 6/xov /cat TTOITOP optupet 8' ovpa.v66ev vv.
rjjjios 8' T^ptyeVeta ^01^17 /5o8o8aKTvXo? 'Hw?,
MCP (^pfJLLcrafjLv /cotXov o"7reo?
8' ecrai' vv/x^>ea>p /caXol XP
l TOT' lya)v dyoprjv 0jj,evos /aeTa [Jiv0ov LTTOV
320 ' a5 <^>tXot, ev yap pryt ^o^ /8/awo"ts TC TTOCTI? TC
ecrrtv, TWP 8e (3oa>v aTre^w/xe^a, /a>^
Setvov yap ^eou aiSe ySoe? /cat t^>ta
'HeXtou, o<> TTOLVT effropa /cat TTOLVT' eVa/couet.'
015 ItjxifAtfv, Totcrtv 8' eVe7rei#ero 0vfJib<; dyrjva)p.
325 ja^i^a Se TTCIVT' aXX^/CTog ar; NOTO?, ovSe Tt? aXXo?
ytyver' cTreiT* dvepayv el fjir) Evpds T NOTO? TC.
ot 8' etoj? /xeV CTLTOV X W Ka ^ ^ OI/ tpvBpov,
Tofipa /8owp aTre^ovTO XtXatd/xepot /3ioYoto.
> \ \ > " C > ^ v >f"'lO * '
aXX OTC OT) 1/7709 ege<pc/tTo T^ta Trarra,
330 /cat 87) dyprfv (f)7r6(rKov dXrjTevovTes dvd
146 HOMER'S ODYSSF.Y XII.
re, <tas on ^epa<; 1/cotro,
dy/ctVrpota'ti', eVetpe 8e yacrre'pa Xt/xd?
817 TOT' eya>t> dvd vrfvov aTrecrTt^o^, 6(f)pa Beolariv
ev^aifJLTjv, et rt? /xot 6Sov <j)TJveie vee&dai.
335 dXX' ore Sr) Sta vrjcrov IMV TJX.va eratpovs,
vn//a/xe^o5, o^' eVl cr/ceVa? ^ di/e)aoto,
Treu'Tecra'i ^eot?, ot "OXvpnov C^OVCTLV
ol 8' apa /aot yXu/cw VTTVOV eril ^\e<^dpoi<Tiv
EvpvXo)(05 8* erdpotcrt KaKrjs c
340 ' /ce/cXvre /xev /jLvOojv /ca/ca ^ep Trdor^oi'Te? eratpot.
crrvyepol ddva.Toi SetXotcrt
O) 8' OIKTICTTOV Qa.VtG.IV KOi TTOTfJiOV
dXX' dyer', 'HeXtoto /Soaii/ eXdcrai/re? dpiora?
pc^o/Jiev dOavoLTOicri, rot ovpavov evpvv \OVCTLV.
345 et Se /cei/ et? 'WaKTjv d(^>t/cot/xe^a, TrarptSa yatai^,
aa//d Ki^ 'HeXtw 'TTrepto^t TTIOVOL vqov
Teu^ofAev, iv 8e /ce Oelpev dydXjaara TToXXa, /cat ecr^Xct.
et Se ^oXwcrdjaet'o? rt fiowv opOoKpaipauDV
vr}' 0eXr) oXeicrat, eTTt 8' ecrTrwvrat ^eol dXXot,
350 y8ouXo/w,' a7ra Trpog Kv/JLa yavtov dirb Ovpov oXecrcrat,
-5 817^01 crrpeuyeo'^at eaz/ e^ vijo'a) epijfjLr).'
a>s e^>ar' EvpuXo^og, evrt 8' yveov dXXoi eratpot.
avrtfca 8' 'HeXtoto f3oa)v IXdcravre'; dptVra?
eyyv^ei^, ov yap TTjXe t'eo? KvavofrpdtpoLO
355 ftoa'Kea'Kov0 y eXt/ce? KaXat /8de? eupv/xeVtoTroi,
rd? 8e irepiCTT'rja'dv re Kat ev^eTd&>vro Oeolcnv,
^>vXXa 8pei//dyLtevot repe^a Spvo? vi^t/cd/xoto
ou yap e'xoi' /<pt Xev/co^ ev&creXfjiov eVt
avrdp eTret p' ev^avro /cat ecr^a^av /cat
360 fjiypovs T e'^era/txo^ /caret re KVLcrr)
TrotT^crai^re?, eV* avrotv 8'
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 147
ovS' eiyov fjL0v Xeti//at eV ai$o/u,eVot<? tepourii',
dXX' vSart crTreVSo^re? ITTMTTTWV ey/cara travra.
avrap eVet Kara /xr^pa K.ar\ Kal cnrXdy^ya
365 jjLLcrTvXXov r' dpa rdXXa Kal d/x^)' ofieXoicriv ci
Kal Tore p,ot fi\e<j)dpc)i' e'^ecrcrvro
y8^ 8' leVat eVt ^a ^o^i/ /cat ^t^a
dXX' ore 8r) cr^eSo^ ^a /acuv veo?
/cat rdre /u,e /ci/tcrr;? dfjL<f)TJ\v0i>
370 oi^w^a? 8e deola'L /xey' d0ai>drot<Tt yeycavevv
' Zeu trdrep 778' dXXot /xd/cape? ^eot aiei' coi/rcs,
^ /xe /xdX' et? dri^^ /cot/otTycraTe vrjXei VTTVO),
ol 8* eVapot /xeya epyov IprjTiO'avTO p,evovre<;.'
a5/cea 8' 'HeXta> 'TtrepLovL dyyeXo?
375 Aap,7TTir) ra^vTreTrXo?, o ot
aurt/ca 8' ad a.va.TOi.cri /xer^v
' Zeu Tro-Tep 778' dXXot /xd/cape? ^eot atei^ eoire?,
rttrat 87) erdpov? AaeprtdSew 'OSucrrJo?,
ot /xeu ^801)9 eKTewav vTrepfltov, r^criv eyw ye
380 ^atpecr/cov jaei' tajt' t? ovpavov dcrTCpoevTa,
7)8' OTTOT' di|; eVt yatai' avr' ovpavoBev
et 8e /act ou rto-ovcrt ^Soaii' eViet/ce"
8vo~o/>tat et? 'AtSao /cat eV fe/cvO"
TOI' 8' dTrajLtei/^o/xei'o? ir/WXTC^iJ ve^eX-qyepera Zeu?-
385 ' 'HeXt', 77 rot /ueV o~v /aer' d^a^droto-t (frdeive
/cat 8vr]Toi<Ti (3pOTol(Tiv eVt ^etSwpo^ apovpav
row Se /c' eyci rd^a vT^a ^OT)^ dpyrjn Kepavvu
TvrOd /3aXw^ /cedo~at/xt /xecrw et't otvoTrt TTOVTW.
raCra 8 ' eyaw ^/covo-a KaXvi//ov? 7)v/co/xoto
390 r) 8' (77 'Ep/ietao 8ta/crdpov auTT) d/covo-at.
avrap eVet p' eVt ^a KaTTjXvBov 7786 OdXacro'av,
dXXo6ev dXXov eVto-raSdt', ou8e' rt
148 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XII.
Suvdjuecr$a, /3oe5 8' dnoTeOvao'a.v 77877.
TOICTLV 8' OLVTIK eVeira $eol repaa irpov
395 elpirov fj.v pivot, /cpe'a 8' d/A(' 6/3eXouri
OTrraXe'a re /cat co/xa, /3oa)i/ 8' a>5 yiyvero (j><t)VTJ.
/uet> eTretra e^iot cpfypet eralpOL
' 'HeXtoto ySoait' eXcxcrai/re? apurra?
dXX' ore 87) ej8So/zof ^/xa/3 eVt Zev? ^r}/ce Kpoviwv,
400 /cat rdr' CTreir' aVe/ao? /aez/ eVavcraro XatXavri
T7/xet<? 8' atx//' d^a/8avr9 IvTJKafJLev evpei
icrrov cTTrjcrdiJLei'OL dvd 0* tcrrta Xcu/c
dXX' ore 8?) T>)I> vr^GOv eXetVo/zev, ou8e rts
<^atVero yaidoiv, dXX' ovpavos 7)8e
405 ST) rore Kvaveyv ve<$>l\r)v ecrr^cre
vrjos vTrep y\a<f)vprj<s, ^Xvcre Se TTOVTO? VTT' avrr;?
7} 8' e#ei ov /LictXa TroXXoi/ eVt \povov au//a yap y
ICTTOV 8e irporovovs epprjt;' d
410 dp,(f>oTpov<; tcrro? 8' OTTtcrw TreVei^, ovrXa re TraWa
1? dvrXoi/ /care^ui/^'. 6 8' apa Trpvfjivfj evl vyl
irX-fj^e KvftepvTJTta) /ce<^aX^V, cruv 8' core" dpa^ei/
Trdvr d/AuSt? K<f>a\.fj<; 68' dp' dpvevrrjpi e'oi/caj?
/caTTTreo"' avr' t/cpio^ii', XtVe 8' oore'a 0vfj.os dyrjvwp.
415 Zei"? 8' djtxuSt? y8po^TT7<T Kal e/A/SaXe 1/171 Kf.pa.vv6v
r) 8' eXeXt^T} Trdcra Ato? TrXi^yetcra Kepavvw,
ev 8e 0eeiov 77X7^x0, TTCCTOV 8' e/c 1/7705 eratpoi.
o! Se Kopa>vr)(Tiv T/ceXot vrept i/T^a jj.eXa.ivav
KVfj.ao'Lv e/x<^ope / oi/TO, ^05 8' diroaLvvro vocrrov.
420 avrdp e'yai 8td 1/7705 <j)oira)v, 6<j>p y a
Xvo~e /cXvS&jv rpO7rto5, TT)I/ 8e
e'/c Se' ot to-roi/ dpae TTOT! rpomv. avrdp eV avrw
eVtroi/05 ^8e)8X77To, ySoo5 pivolo
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 M. 149
TW p fjL()aj <rvv.pyov, /xov rpoirw ie /cat
425 e^d/xei/os 8' eVl rots (^epd/x^i' 6X0015 aVejaoto'
* rj rot Ze<f>vpo<; fj.v eVavo-aro Xat'Xam
8' evrt NOTOS aj/ca, (frepcov e'^w aXyea
ert TT)I> 6Xor)^ d^a/xer/o^o-ai/xt ~Ka.pvj3
epo/a^v, a/u,a 8' ^eXia> O.VIOVTL
430 -q\Bov eVt S/cvXXr;? cr/covreXo^ Seiv^z/ re
-f) fjLev aveppOL^-rjcre ^aXacrcr^? d\fjLvpov v&
avrap eyai TTOTI paKpov epiveov infrocr' depOe
TO) Trpocrcfrvs e^o/xTyt' a5<? vvKTtpts. ov8e' 7717
ovre crTTjpi^aL TTOCTIV e/xTreSov our' Im^typai
435 pt^at ya/3 e/ca? et^oz/, amjupoL 8' eo-av ooi,
L re /uieyaXot re, /carecr/aaov 8e Xapv^88t^.
8' exo/xrp, 0(^/3' e^e/Aecretct' ovrtcrcrw
l(7TOv Kal rpo-mv avrt? eeXSo/xeVw Se /xot rf\9ov
oi//'- ^/ao? 8' eVl 8o/37rov d^/o OLyoprjOev d
440 Kpivtov veiKea TroXXa Si/cao//,eV&>i>
S>) ra ye Soviet Xapu^88to? e
8' e'yco Ka6vTrep6e ?ro8a? /cat
fjLcra'(o 8' eVSov77T7cra Trapet; TrepLfjiiJKea Sovpa,
e^d/xe/^o? 8 ' eVt rotcrt Strypeo-a ^epo-ti^ efjifjcnv.
445 S/cuXX^i^ 8' ovKer eacre Trar^/3 di'Sp&it' re ^ewi^ re
etcriSe'etz/ ou yap K> vTrK<f>vyov alfrvv oXeBpov.
evOev 8' eW?7/xa/3 ^e/ad/xT;^, Se/cdr^ 8e /u,e i>v/crt
VTJCTOV e? 'Oyvyayi/ TreXacrav #eot, eV^a KaXiA/;tu
^atet ev7rXd/ca/A05, Set^ ^05 avS^eo-Q-a,
450 ij yLt' (f>L\L T KOfJLi T. Tt TOt TCtSe fJLV0O\OyV(t) /
17817 yap rot x#to? IfjLvOeop.rji' eVt ot/cw
o-ot re /cat 1^)^1)1x17 dXd^a* e^Opw Se' /xot
avrt? dpt^Xa)? eip^/xeVa /xu#oXoyueti>."
OMHPOT OAT22EIAS N.
'OSvcrcre'cos drroTrXoug irapa <l>atd/ccoi' /cat d<
ei?
e<j)ad\ oi 8* dpa irdvTes d/a)j> eytvovro cncoirrj,
CO 8' <T)(OVTO KCLTCL ^japOi (TKLOeina.
rov 8' avr' 'AX/ctVoo? aTra/xetjSero (fruvrjcrev re
" oS 'OSucrev, eVet t/cv e'/xo^ TTOTL ^aX/co^Sares 8w
5 vi//e/3e<^5, rco cr' ou rt vraXt^ TrXay^^eWa y' oiw
ax|/ aLTrovo(TTr)<TLv, el Kal /ActXa TroXXd TreVov^a?.
Vft&av 8' di/8pt e/cdcrraj e^te/net'o? rctSe etpw,
ocrcrot ei^t /xeydpotcrt yepovcriov aWorra oivov
alel TrtVer' e'^aotcriv, d/covd^ecr^e 8* dotSou.
10 etjaara /Ltei/ 817 ^tV&> ev^ecrTr) eVt X 1 ?^^
/cat ^pvcro? TroXvSatSaXo? dXXa re TTOLVTCL
ocra <&antJKa)v f3ov\rj(f)6poL eV^dS' evet/cav
dXX' d'ye ot Sw/xez^ rptVoSa /aeya^ T^Se XeyS^ra
dvSpa/cd? i^jLtetg 8' aure dyetpo/xe^ot /card 877 /xoz^
15 TtcrojLte^' apyaXeov yap tva. Trpot/co?
cS? e<^ar' 'AX/ctVoo?, TOICTLV 8 eVt^v
ot /xev KaK/cetWre"? l)8av ot/cov8e e/cacrro?
/7/xos 8' ^ptyeVeta <f)dvr) y5oSo8d/crfXo? 'Hcus,
vT/dS' eTretrcrevoi^To, (f>epov 8* cwjvopa ^aX/cdv.
20 /cat rd ftet ev KOT&ifX iepov fjievos 'AX/cti/doto,
Copyrighted, 1897, by Ginn & Co.
HARBOR OF ITHACA.
(From Grotto of the Nymphs. From a Photograph.)
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 N. 151
avros ia>v Std 1^1705, VTTO uyd, JMTJ nv eraipajv
/3Xd7TTOt i\a.vv6vT<t)v, OTTOTC trrep)(oiaT e'/ser/xots '
ot 8' et? 'AX/ctt'doto /ciov /cat SCUT' a\yvvov.
TOLCTL Se /3oui> lepevcr' iepov tieVos 'AX/ai>doto
26 Zrjvl Ke\aLi>e<f)L Kyaoi/t'Sry, os Tracrti' di/acro'ei.
fjirjpa 8e /CT^ctvre? Sat^u^r' epiKuSe'a Satra
TpTr6[jt,voL /xera Se cr<ti> e/MeXTrero ^eto? dotSos
ATy/AoSoKO?, Xaotcrt rert/xeVo?. avrap 'OSvcrcrcvs
TroXXa 77/365 TjeKiov K<f>a\r)v rpeire
30 Sv^at eVet-yd/xez/o? ST) ya/3 fAVOW v
w<5 S' or' d^p 8d/37roto XtXaterai, w re
veiov Q.V eX/crjToi' /8de otz/OTre TTTJKTOV aporpov
8' apa rw /careSv (^0109 ^eXtoto
eVoi^eo"^at, /SXd^Serat Se re yov^ar' id^rt
35 a>5 'OSu cret acnrao'Tov eSv c^cto? -^
aa//a Se c&anf/cecrcn ^iX^per/xot
dw Se /idXtcrra Trt^avcrKo/ne^o? <^>dro
Kpelov, TTOLVT.(I)V d/3t8et/cere Xaaii/,
/xe cnreicravre^ am/jfjiova, ^atpere 8' avroi.
40 ^817 yd/3 rere'Xeo-rat, a /itot ^>tXo? rjBe\e
'Y) /cat ^>tXa Scupa, Ta /xot ^eot
TroLTJcreiav dfjivfjiova S' ot/cot d/cotrtv
evpot/xt <rw dpre/xe'eo'crt
v/xet? 8* au^t fjLvoiT6<; IvfipaLvoire
45 /covptStag /cat reWa ^eot 8' dperrjv O
iroiVToiriv, /cat /xi^ rt KO.KOV /LteraSi7/xtov 117."
(S? <f>a6', ot S' dpa Trdvre<; eirgveov ^Se K\evov
7re/x7re)xe^at rov ^eivov, eVet /card /xot/aav eetTrei/.
/cat rdre KfjpvKa Trpocre^rj /xeVo?- 'AX/cti/doio
50 "Ilo^rd^oe, Kprjrrjpa /cepacro-d/xeyo? /xe'^u velpov
d^d tte'yapov, d<^p' ev^d/xe^ot Att Trar/ot
152 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XIII.
rov ^etvov Tre/aTrw/u-ev erjv eg Trarpt'Sa yatav."
c5? <dro, noi/rdvoos 8e [j,e\i<j>pova oivoi 1 e'/ctpi/a,
va>fjLr)(Tv 8' dpa Traa'ti' eVtoraSdi' ot 8e #eotcrii>
55 eo~7retcrai> /aa/cdpeo'O't, rot ovpavov evpvv eyovcriv,
eSpeiwt'. d^a 8' toraro Stos 'OSvcr(reu5,
8' eV x t /^ Ti^et SeVas d/x^tKUTreXXo^
/cat /nil' <f)a)VTJ<Ta<; 7rea Trrepoe^ra 7rpO(rr)v$a.
" X a ^P* P 01 ' *** /SacrtXeta, Sta/ATrepe?, ets o /ce
60 eX^]7 /cat ^ai/aro?, rd T' eV dv^pwTrotcrt
avrap lya> ^eb/xat cru 8e repTreo rw8' eVt ot/c<u
Tratcrt re /cat Xaoto"t /cat 'AX/ctvd<w
o5? fiiTtov VTTp ovSov eyS^crero 8to?
T<W 8' d/Xtt KTfjpVKCL 7TpOLi /ACI/OS 'AX/CtJ'dotO,
65 -^yettr^at eVt ^a ^o^v /cat ^t^a ^aXcttrcn]?.
8' cipa ot S/awd? a^t' eTre/utTre yvi/at/ca?,
8' Ireprjv ^Xbv irvKiv^v d/x' OTracrcre
f) 8' dXXry <Ttrd^ re (frepev /cat olvov IpvOpov.
70 avTap eVet yo' eVt j^T^a KaTtjXvBov ^8
au//a rd y' eV 1^17! yXa<f)Vpr) TrofJiTrrjes dyauot
Se^d/xeixH /care^etro, TTOCTLV /cat ftpa>criv aVacrav
/cdS 8' dp' 'OSvcrcnJt crrdpecra^ p^yd? re \LVOV re
1/7765 eV LKpi6(f)Lv yXa^)up^9, tW vrfyperov cv'8ot,
75 Trpv/tv^?. dV Se /cat avro? e^^crero /cat /care'Xc/cro
crty^ ' rot Se KaOl^ov eVt K\r]l(TLv eicacrrot
/COCT/XOJ, Tretcr/xa 8' eXvcrat' aTro rprjToto Xt^oto.
ev^' ot dfa/cXtt'^eVreg OLveppiTrrovv dXa Tr^Sw,
/cat TGJ VTJ$v[JLO<; VTTVOS e7rt P\6<j>dpoLO'Lv eiriTT
80 i/ryypero? rjiSto~TO5, Oa.va.rw dy^to~ra eot/cw?.
T) 8', cu? T' eV TreStw rerpdopot apcreves 'irrrroi
dfi op^^eVre? UTTO trXrjyrjo'tv Ij
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 N. 153
tyocr detpd/xei'ot pi^a. TT pr) <TV 'ova t Ke'Xeu$oz>,
a>9 dpa Trjs Trpv^vr) /ixeV deipero, /cu/xa S' oincrOev
85 TTOpfyvpeov tie'ya 6vt 7roXv(Xotcr/8oto 0aXdo~cn7s '
rj Se /xctX' dcr<aXe'a)s 6 lev e/xTreSoi' ' ouSe /cei'
w? 17 pLfjufra 0eov(ra ^aXacrcr^s /cv/xar'
avSpa (frepovcra 0tols eVaXty/cta /xT^Se' c
90 05 Trpt^ /xei> /xaXa TroXXa Tra^' aXyea 6V /cara
av$p<t>v re vrroXe/xous aXeyeti/a re KVfjLara
Sr) rdre y' ar/ae/zag euSe XeXacr/xeVo?, ocrcr' e
eur' dcrTrjp virepecr^e <^aaj/raro?, 05 re /xaXicrra
ep^erat dyye'XXwv ^>ctog 1)07)5 ^
95 r7y/u,09 S>) VTJO-O) TrpocreTrtX^a
3>6pKvvo<s Se' rt? ecrrt Xt/XT^v aXioto yepovro?
eV 8i7/xw 'WoLKf]*;, Suo Se vrpo/SX^re? eV aurw
d/crat a7ro/3/3a>ye?, Xi/xeVos TrortTreTrr^utat,
at r' aveynav crKevrowo'i Sv(rayja}v /aeya /cu/xa
100 eKToOev ' tvrocrOev Se' r' dVev Secr/xoto /xeVovcrti/
^e? e'ucro'eXjaot, 6V aV opfjiov ptTpov iK<nvra.i.
aurd/3 CTTI Kparo? XttteVo? ra^ve^vXXo? e'Xatrj,
S' avrrjs avrpov einjpaTov Tje/ooetSe'?,
i>vfji<f)d(ov, at ^tciSe? KaXe'otrat.
105 eV Se KpyTTjpes re /cat dfji(f)L(f)oprJ<; eacriv
Xcui>ot ' eV^a S' eVetra Tt#at/3ojcrcrou(Ti /u,e'Xtcr(rat.
eV S' tcrrot Xi'#eot Trept/x^/cee?, eV^a re j'v/x^at
eV S' uSar' atei/do^ra. Suw Se' re' ot Bvpai
110 at /xei^ Trpo? Bope'ao /carat^arat dv0p(OTTOL(TLv 1
at S' av 7T/305 Norov etcrt ^ecarepat, ouSe' rt
e'crep^op'rat, dXX' dOavdrcoi 1 6So<> eVrti/.
' ot y' eto-e'Xacrai/ Trpty etSdre?. 17 /ae^ eVetra
154 HOMKR'S ODYSSEY XIII.
rjTreipo) eVe'/ceXo-/, ocrov r eVt T^UIO-U TT 010-77 9,
115 (Ttrep^opevrj ' roiov yap eVetyero
ot 8' e'/c 1/7709 /8aVre9 e'vvyov T^TretpoVSe
TrpwTOv 'OSucro'^a y\a(f>vprj<; e'/c 1/1709 aetpaz/
aura) o*w re XtVw /cat /oifyei crtyaXoevrt,
KaS 8 ap' eVt i//a/Aa^a edecrav SeS^/xeVoi/ V7ri/a>,
120 e/c 8e xp^V ar ' ttet/aat', a ot <I>atT7/c9 ayauot
ojTracrav ot/caS' toi^rt Sta fjiyd0vfjiov 'A.dTJvr]v.
/cat TO. jutei/ ovi/ Trapa TruB^ev \aLY)<s d6poa 0f)Kav
' 6Sov, /u,r; TTW rt9
125 avrot 8' avr' ot/coVSe iraXiv KLOV. ouS'
TretXawv, ra.9 di/rt^eiw 'O8uo~r^t
67717 7rtXi9o~e, Ato9 8' e^eipero /3ov\.TJv
" Zev Trare/3, ovxeV e'ycu ye /aer' a^az/aroto~t 0ecncnv
Tt/xi7 / et9 eVo/xat, ore //, f3porol ov rt TLOVCTLV
130 <I>ati7/ce9, rot Tre'p re ejLt^9 eeto~t yev0Xr)<;.
/cat yap vvi' 'O8uo~^a ^a^i/ /ca/ca TroXXa TraOovra
ot/caS' IKevcrecrdai ' vocrrov 8e' ot ov TTOT' d-n"rjvpa)v
Tray^v, eVet o~v TT/OWTOV VTrea^eo /cat /careVevo-a9 '
ot 8' euSoi^r' eV ^771 ^07} eVt TTOI/TOI/ ayovre9
135 KaT0(TCLv elv 'Wdi<r), eSocrav 8e' ot dcnreTa 8aipa,
^aX/coV re \pva-6y re aXt9 e'cr^ra ^' vfyavrriv,
TroXX', oo-' aV ou8e' TTOTC Tpofys e^rjpar 'O8vo~o-ev9,
et 7re/3 aTnjfJLOJv T^X^e, Xa^wz/ aTro Xi7tSo9 atcrai/."
TOI/ 8' a7ra/xet^o/u,ei/O9 Trpocre'^Ty i/e^eX^yepera Zev9
140 " c5 TTOTTOt, eVi/oo-tyat* evpvcr^e^, oToi/ eet7re9.
ov rt cr' aTLfJid^ovcrL 6eoL ^aXerrov Se' /cei/ 117
TrpecrftvTaTov /cat dpicrrov drt/xt^o-ti/ tdXXeti/.
di/8pwi/ 8' et 7re/3 rt9 o~e ^8117 /cat /cctpret et/cwi/
ou rt rtet, crot 8' ecrrt /cat e'^oTTtVco rtcrt9 atet.
OMHPOY OAY22EIA2 N. 155
145 cp^ov, 6V&J5 eWXet5 /cat rot (j)i\ov eTrXero
Toy 8' i^/aet^er' eVetTa noo-etSdcoi/ Ivoari^Biav
" ali//d AC' eyco^ ep^at/at, /ceXati>e<e'5, 0)5 dyo/aevet5 '
dXXd crew atet Bv^ov cWt^o/aat -^8' dXeetVw.
wv av QaLiJKaiv eWXw Trept/caXXe'a
150 e/< TTOju-TT^s dvLovcrav Iv ^
^aicrat, tV 17817 cr^wi^rat, aTroXX^^wcrt 8e
OLvOpamwv, /aeya Se (r<^)tv 0/305 TrdXet d//,(^
TOI^ 8' a7ra/u,ei/3o/xei'O9 77/000-6^)17 ve^eX^yepera Zev? '
" tS TreTrov, 0)5 /aei/ e'/xcu ^v/aw 8o/cet etvat dpto-ra,
155 oTTTTore /cev 877 Trdi/re? e'Xawo/aeVrp 7r/oot8wvrat
Xaot aTTO 7TToXto5, deivai \L6ov i
^171 #017 t/ceXoi', iVa Bav^a.^a'iv airavres
avdpaiTroi, /aeya Se cr^)tv 0/305 vroXei d/
avrap errel TO y d/covcre
160 ^rj /o' t/xe^ e's S^epa/^, o#t 4>ati7/c5 yeydacrw.
\ 17 8e /txdXa cr^eS
ojLteVry. 7175 8e
05 fu^ Xdai/ eBrjKe /cat Ipp
^etpt Ka.TOiTTpif]vel e'Xdo-a5 ' 6 Se vocrfyi
165 ot Se 77^65 dXXr7Xou5 eVea irrepoevr' dyopevov
wSe Se' 715 et7To-/cev tSaJz; e5 TT\f)criov d\\ov '
" a> /act, rt5 817 ^a ^o^v evre'S^cr' ei't irovra)
ot/caS' \avvofjiv^v ; /cat 817 TT/oov^atVero 7rdo~a."
170 a5 dpa Tt5 et7reo-/ce, ret S' ov/c icrav, W5 eVeru/cro.
Tolcriv 8' 'AX/ctVoo5 dyopi7 / o"aTo /cat /Ltere'etTre^ '
"o5 TroTrot, ^ /xdXa 817' /ae 7raXat^>ara 0(T(j)a0 i t/cdi/et
, 05
efjii>
175 (^77 Trore 4>at77/ca)^ di'S/awv Trept/caXXe'a
156 HOMER'S ODYSSEY XIII.
e/c Tro/xvn? a.viova'av ev
/xuere/xefcu, /Aeyo, 8' -q^iv 0/309 TrdXet d
a9 ayopev 6 ye/3a>v, ra Se 8^ vv^ TTOLVTOL reXetrat,.
dXX' aye^', tu? a^ eyoi CITTW, TTi6u>jJie6a ird
180 Tro/zTnj? /xev Travo-acr^e Ppora>i>, ore /cei> rt?
rjfjieTepov Trporl acrrv HocretSdaj^t, Se ravpov?
8tu8e/ca K6KpLfj,evov<; ipevo~o/x^, at
^178' ij^iti/ wcpift/qKes 0/305 TroXet d
T 1 I /} > e O > VO / O \ /
cu? e<paf7 , ot o eocto~ai^, erot^ao~o~ai^TO oe ravpou?.
185 cS? ot /xei^ p' ev^ovro noo~etSdaj^t OLVOLKTI
Trept ftc^pov 6 8' eypero 8to? 'O8vcro~V5
eV yatry Trarpcuti^, ov8e /xtv eyj/ct>
8771; aTrean/- Trept yd/3 ^eog 776/30,
Doddnao
*?
ITHACA
ZACYNTWU8
SCYTtUS
Carystus
Athens
Geraestus o
AJeisium \ v ' Orchomenus Mycffnae
I A R C A D 1A 'r"--
Mantinea Argoa
Pyta.
Epidaurus
Hermloneo Troezeu
C.Sunium
Helua
HO3IERIC GREECE
CAFTER KIEPERT) C.Taeflarvun
C.Malea
CYT HERA
COMMENTARY.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
1-10. PROOEMIUM : The man of many wanderings and adventures, being at
once an invocation of the muse, and a statement of the, theme. Vs. 3-5 touch
briefly upon those earlier wanderings and sufferings of the hero which are
afterwards narrated by himself in Books ix.-xii. Vs. 6-9 allude to the climax
of his woes, viz. the death of all his remaining companions in the second year
of their wanderings (/j. 260-419). This catastrophe immediately precedes the
situation with which the poem opens, Odysseus alone on the remote island of
Ogygia, where he has been detained eight years by Calypso. It is almost ten
years since Ilios fell, and twenty since Odysseus left Ithaca. See 11.
The First Book serves as an introduction to the whole poem. It describes
the events of a single day, a council of the gods, and a visit of Athena to
Ithaca. We learn in it where the hero is, why he has not yet come home, how
the gods feel about his coming home at last, and what state of things he will
find when he does come home.
1. avSpa : the man, the main theme of the poem, like ^viv in A 1. The
definite article is not needed in early Greek. The connection decides, as it
does in Latin, whether it should be used in the translation. See 45 h. In
the Iliad the hero's name is given at the outset, in the Odyssey at v. 21, in the
Aeneid 91 verses after the opening arma virumque cano. |iov<ra: the Bed
of 10, and of prjviv d5e 0ed A 1. Homer sometimes uses the plural, as in the
invocation ecrirere vvv not, IMWO.I B 484, but he does not know the name of any
muse, and speaks of their number as nine only once, in w 60. The earlier
number seems to have been three, the same as that of the Fates, Graces,
Hours, etc. The muses could not be assigned to different arts and sciences
before the arts and sciences existed. In the Theogony of Hesiod, vs. 50-64, the
muses are daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne (Memory), nine in number, deities
of graceful song and dance. Later, Calliope becomes the special muse of Epic
poetry. iroXXd : much, adverbial cognate accusative, with the following
n-Xdyx^i strengthened by fj.d\a.
2. ir\&y\Bi\ : ir\dfa. The augment, both syllabic and temporal, is often
omitted in Homer. eiret : here temporal. Tpobjs [Tpo/as] : the city is usually
called "IXtos, and the district about it Tpohj. Updv : sacred, because every such
stronghold was under the special patronage of some god, and had sacred places
where the god was worshipped. tirtpa-tv : not that he alone sacked it, but that
he contributed most to the enterprise by his stratagem of the wooden horse.
3. iroXXwv S KT\. : second member of the relative clause, closely united with
the first by the emphatic repetition of wo\\d in iro\\wv. ao-rea : abodes, forti-
L' COMMENTARY.
fied towns, doinicilia coniuncta. vdov [vovv] tyv< : learned their character,
by experience and observation. The phrase marks the curiosity of Odysseus,
and distinguishes him from the mere rover (TroXXd, flporui' eirl do-re' aXw/xsvos
o 492). He represents the science of geography in its infancy. His first
enquiries about -strange peoples are iormulated in : 175 f. For the present
phrase, cf. Horace's translation of these opening verses of the Odyssey, die
mihi, musa, virum, captae post moenia Troiae, | qui mores
hominum multorum vidit, et urbis Ars Poet. 141 f.
4. iroXXd : note the iteration of this idea now for the fourth time. 8' o -yt :
yes, and he, a frequent Epic resumption of the subject with special emphasis.
Here the relative is abandoned for an independent sentence ( 14 /). Vergil
imitates with ille, in his multuin ille et terris iactatus et alto Aen. i. 3.
6 is a demonstrative pronoun in Homer. 45 g. ov : the possessive pronoun,
not used in Attic prose. 45 d. The order of words is poetical. 14 I.
5. dpvvjievos : seeking to win, as a prize for his struggles. For the metrical
length of the final syllable before initial f, see 35, 02 j, and cf. wdpos 21.
The same omitted consonant accounts for the apparent hiatus before '6v 4, olcn 19.
See 30 /.
6. oiS' cSs KT\. : not even thus, notwithstanding his sore struggles (referring
back to Trd&ev dpvtfj.fi'os), which are again implied in ttfj.ev6s irep though he tried
very hard. The participle has concessive, the particle intensive, force. Ippv-
<ra.ro : pvo,u.ai.
7. avrwv o-4>T'pflflriv [o-^er^pats] : their own. The idiom is more common in
the singular. The genitive elsewhere follows the possessive pronoun, as in 409.
It is in apposition with the genitive implied in the possessive pronoun. G. 1003;
H. 691.
8. vVjirioi: thefools! exclamatory apposition, explained and justified by the
following relative sentence. 15 d. Kara : with yaOiov below, ate down. 58 b.
-'HcXioio ['HX/ou]: Helius, the sun-god, os irdvr' ecpopq. KT\. fj. 323. To this
name Hyperion is here prefixed descriptively. In 24, Hyperion is used alone.
9. 6: demonstrative pronoun, as in 4. TOUTIV [aurots]: from them, poetic
dative of interest, often best rendered by their. G. 1170 ; H. 767 a; 45 d /3.
v6(TTi(iov rj|xap : v6trrov rj/jLtpav, poetical for voarov. 19 e 7.
10. TWV : of this story ; partitive genitive with d/j.60ev. Cf. 339. For the
plural of the neuter pronoun, where in English the singular is preferred, see
H. 63-5. ctjjioOev -ye : from any point soever, sc. eXowra taking up the strain, as
in <f>aive d' doiSifiv, \ tvffev eXuv, ws ol fj.v tvcrfftX/jLUv eirl vi)(av \ pdvres dTrtrrXfiov, . -|
'Apyetoi 499 ff., the bard Demodocus produced a sing, beginning at that point
where (how) they ivent aboard their well-decked ships and sailed off, the Argives
did. flirt Kal Tjpiiv : tell us also, i.e. the singer and his hearers, that they also
may know, as well as the muse, who knows all things. Cf. v/j.eis y&p deai eVre,
irdpeffT^ re, tyre re irdvra. B 485.
11-21. PROLOGUE, stating definitely the situation with which the action
opens: All the other Achaean heroes who survived the perils of war and sea art
safe at home, but Odysseus is still detained on a distant island.
FIRST BOOK OF THE OUYSSEV.
11. ?vda : at that time, answers to dfj.69ev, and fixes the point in the story at
which the bard is inspired by the muse to begin. So at 500 (cited above, on
10) the bard, asked by Odysseus to sing iwirov Ktotwv Sovpartov, i.e. the story of
the wooden horse, is inspired by the god to begin at the point where the
Argives had sailed to Tenedos, and the horse already stood in Ilios. oXXoi
irdvTcs : nil ttie rest who had gone to Troy. Menelaus, the last of these to
return, reached home in the eighth year after the capture of the city
(8 82).
12. OdXcwro-av : i.e. the perils of the voyage home from Troy. Odysseus
had perilous voyages still before him.
13. r6v: that one, demonstrative pronoun. Kcxf"lH^ vov: longing for, found
only rarely in Homer (Odyssey) with the dative in the sense of the Latin uti ,
and always in the same phrase as in y 266. The Epic usage continues into
Attic poetry.
14. Sia Ocdwv : divine goddess. The genitive is strictly partitive, divine one
of goddesses.
15. o-ir^o-o-i : ffirtos. The form is irregular for o-a-fon, which might be read
here. The plural implies rooms in the grotto. ir6o-iv: accusative of ir6<m, to
be distinguished from iroffiv (TTOI/S), 131. It is predicate (sc. aMv ol).
16. ?TOS : the hiatus before this word is only apparent. 35 d. ircpiirXo-
jjLtvwv tviavrwv : as the seasons rolled round, perhaps an instance of the rare
genitive absolute ( 22//3). Cf. Vergil's volventibtis annis-den. i. 234.
17. rip: in which. For the demonstrative in Homer, where later Greek
would use a relative pronoun, see 45 j. ol [aury] : 3d personal pronoun,
enclitic, dative of interest. 22 g. eircKXwxavTo : this function was later
given to one of the three Fates, KXu>0u>. vc'co-Ocu : the infinitive serves as
object of tTrtK\i!)ffa.vTo, and otKftvSe vteorBai is equivalent to V(XTTOV.
18. ov8' 2v8a : not even there, i.e. in Ithaca. This is the apodosis to frrc dy . . .
'I6&Ki]v, which is virtually equivalent to " when in the lapse of years the gods
brought him home." irt4>u-yi"' vo s : fid of, predicate participle followed by a
genitive of separation. dcOXwv : hardships, struggles. The whole second half
of the Odyssey is occupied with these struggles of the hero to regain his power
and possessions.
19. KCU : even though he was (sc. uv). He kept himself long disguised from
son, wife, and servants, till he could punish the insolent suitors.
20. Iloo-eiSdwvos [-wcos] : the sea is of course the hostile power to a wanderer
like Odysseus, and is to be overcome only with the aid of Athena,'i.e. divine
wisdom.
21. dvTi0^u>: of outward form. "So God created man in his own image,"
Gen. i. 27. irdpos: with the infinitive, where the Attic would have irpiv. See
G. 1474; H. 955 a. -ycuav : poetic terminal accusative with iKfoffai, where
Attic prose would have a preposition. G. 1065 ; H. 722 ; 22 by. Cf. Italian)
venit Verg. Aen. i. 2.
22-95. While Poseidon is absent, the other gods assemble in the palace of
Zeus, wh'im Athena induces to decree the return of Odysseus.
4 COMMENTARY.
22. AUKoiras : to this people (cf. A 423 f.) and to the Phaeacians (?/ 201 ff.)
(he gods of Homer go, even in visible form, to feast. eovras : translate by a
relative clause.
23. AUKoiras : ' epanalepsis ' ( 19), frequent in the Iliad, only here in the
Odyssey. e<rxaToi : agrees with the relative instead of with its antecedent.
24. The verse explains Six#a avdpuv. The idea seems to be that the
sun was nearer the earth at setting and rising, and darkened men's skins.
Suo-ofu'vov 'YtrepCovos : at the setting Hyperion, where Hyperion sets, genitive
of place. G. 1137 ; H. 760. The participle is of the ' mixed ' aorist form.
See 51 h. Herodotus also believed in the two Aethiopian nations, locating
them rather more definitely in Libya and India. They differed only in speech
and hair, he says (vii. 70). The Libyan Aethiopians had woolly hair, the
Indian straight.
25. dvriowv : for the form of this future participle, see 51 6. It expresses
purpose. The genitive with this verb usually denotes something sought. The
verb here governs (Karb/jfi-ris, on which ratipuv and apvei&v depend. G. 1099;
H. 739.
26. o -yt : the emphasized demonstrative here contrasts with ol 5<f. SairC :
construe with fr^pirero. irap^j^cvos : the participle adds a vivid descriptive
detail, as he sat thereat (sc. Sairi). 8e 8^j : but lo !
27. v: for the quantity of the final vowel, see 62 h a.
28. TOMTI [aurois] : for them, dative of interest. 22 g. pvOcov r\p\t : led
in speech, i.e. began the discussion. irartip KT\. : cf. Vergil's divom pater
atque hominum rex Aen. i. 65.
29. dpvpovos : noble, in the sense of birth and station rather than of moral
quality, though even in the latter sense Homer might use the epithet of so con-
temptible a character as Aegisthus. He speaks of the 6v^ ayrjvup of Thersites
in B 276. See 15.
30. r6v : treat as relative pronoun. pa. : &pa, to be sure. The particle
marks here the natural sequence of the son's vengeance. rqX.eitX.vT6s : it was
by this very deed of vengeance that Orestes won a wide fame. Such an adjec-
tive represents the idea of the poet rather than that natural to the speaker.
31. TOW o -y : strongly emphatic in resuming the story after a digression. It
was of him that he thought as he spake. ir' (e-n-ea [eimi], CTTOS): the redundancy
is demonstrative, these words.
32. otov 8^j w : lo, now, how falsely, an exclamation of displeasure.
33. TJJJL'WV [tyouD/]: the last two syllables unite in 'synizesis.' See 28.
KoV: Ka.K.6.. For retraction of accent in elision, see 31 d. ol 5c ical O.VTOI:
but they even of themselves, without our help.
34. Cf. 7. vircp |xopov : beyond fate, more than is due, more than was
originally assigned to them by destiny. Within certain general outlines men
can influence their allotted fates.
35. s Kal vvv: "as, for instance, in the present case," illustrating the gen-
eral principle by a particular example. 'ArpctSao : the genitive limits fiXoxoi-
below.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
36. p.vT](TTT|v : wooed (nvdofMi) and won from her father by the customary
or suitor-gifts, hence lawful, as distinguished from a concubine, who could
be bought outright. TOV Sc KT\. : but him, i.e. her lawful husband Agamem-
non. Two versions of this murder are given in the Odyssey, S 529 ff., X 409 ff.
In the latter, Clytaemnestra is a partner in the murder. In the Agamemnon of
Aeschylus, she exultingly boasts that she struck with her own hand the murder-
ous blows.
37. tlSws : concessive, though aware of. irpo : beforehand, adverb. ol
[afirtf 45] : dative of the indirect object. The direct object is supplied by v. 39.
39. avrov: Agamemnon himself, in contrast with &KOITIV.
40. 'Opta-ra.0 [-TOV] : for the metrical quantity of the final syllable, treated
as long before a pause, see 62 1. <r<rT<u : here the speaker passes from
indirect to direct discourse, and quotes the original message. 14 e. 'Arptt-
8ao : for Atreides, objective genitive with riVis.
41. T)PVJ<TT), IficipcTai: these aorist subjunctives denote what is to precede the
time of the main verb (eo-<reTcu), and may be rendered by the English perfect.
For the short variable vowel in the second, see 48. tjs : possessive pronoun.
alTjs : the meter would not allow here the form yaiw. Orestes returned to
his home from Athens (7 307). But the version of the story most popular in
the tragedians is that Orestes was carried by a faithful slave to Strophius, king
in Phocis, husband of Agamemnon's sister. Here he grew up in loving com-
panionship with Pylades, the king's son.
42 f . ov imOe : did not succeed in persuading. d-yaOd 4>pov'a>v : 'for all his
good will, 1 the participle expressing concession. dOpoa : in predicate relation
to irdvra, everything at once.
45. TjjuVtpc, virtm : for the metrical length of the final syllables, before a
mute and a liquid in the following word, see 62 / /3. KpoviSrj : for the
patronymic used as a proper name, see 42 b.
46. KCU XITJV : yea verily (lit. even very much), conceding entirely what the
previous speaker says, but preparing the way for the adversative turn of
thought in 48. KCIVOS : rather scornfully emphasized by 7^, in contrast with
'OSvuTji, below. KtiTcu oXc'Opw: lies low in death. The dative expresses manner.
The verb alone would suffice, as in KCITO.I ndrpo/cXos, the bitter tidings brought
to Achilles, S 20. Cf. /3 102. Here the attributive toiictm carries the main
thought.
47. os : as, relative adverb, followed by an optative of wish. OTIS . .
p'5oi : whosoever doeth. The mood is ' assimilated ' to that of the wish pre-
ceding. G. 1439 ; H. 919 a. This verse is said to have been quoted by the
younger Scipio with reference to the death of Tiberius Gracchus. Plutarch,
Tib. Gracch. xxi.
48. fiot : dative of interest, with the whole sentence, best rendered by a
possessive pronoun, my heart. 22 g. SaUrai : is torn with anxiety.
49. Suapopw : an epithet in this emphatic supplementary position has the
force of an exclamation. Cf. vfivioi in 8, and see 14 j. It gives the reason
for her anxiety, and is itself explained by the following relative sentence.
6 COMMENTARY.
oiro : with l anastrophe ' because it conies after its case. 58 c. iHj|ia.Ta
irourxi : suffers grievous sufferings, cognate accusative of kindred meaning and
formation. For the omission of the usual adjective, see H. 715 Rein.
50. d|i})ipvTT) : in Homer some compound adjectives even have a separate
feminine form. G. 304 ; H. 225. 881 rt : in Epic poetry T<? is often appended
to relative words, and to other particles, as dt 53, without appreciably affecting
their meaning. Clauses are thus more closely connected. 23 ; G. 1024 ;
H. 1041. o(i4>a\6s : by this word in later times Delphi was characterized as
the center of the Greek world.
51. vijo-os : sc. tffrl. The ' asyndeton ' occurs in vivid description. 18.
4v : thereon, adverb. Sw^ara vaUi : a poetic formula, hardly more than valet,
dwells.
52 f. Su-yd-nip : she is called So\6e<rffa KoXuf w in ?? 245. 6s rt . . . otScv : this
superior knowledge of the mysterious and treacherous depths of the sea makes
Atlas seem dangerous and malicious (6\o6(f>pot>os), as it does the sea-god Proteus
in 5 385 f. A wizard is one who has uncanny wisdom.
53. ?x : supports. See yarfoxos 68. Atlas, the upholder, to judge from
this passage, is one of the names under which the sea was personified. The
sea supports the land, whose lofty mountains, like pillars or columns, support
the firmament. At last the personification narrows itself down to the pillars
themselves, and Atlas becomes himself a KIUV. Herodotus, in describing north-
western Libya, says exerat 5 roO aXos rofrrov 6pos T< ovvofj.d fort* ArXas . . . TOUTO
rbv Kiova rov ovpavov X^VOIATI oi eTrtx^pioi elvai iv. 184. Pausanias the traveller
saw at Olympia, on the chest of Cypselus, a representation of Atlas supporting
the firmament on his shoulders, and holding out in his hands to Heracles the
apples of the Hesperides. Over the carving was written the verse ' ArXas otpavbv
OVTOJ x et i T( * ^ fJ-SXa /xffriffei v. 18, 4. avros : himself, i.e. alone, unaided.
54. d^<J>is ?xov<riv: hold on both sides, i.e. apart, Latin distinent, as pillars
may be said to hold apart floor and roof.
55. TOV 6vya,TT]p KT\. : it is his daughter who, etc. See on 31. SVO-TTIVOV:
the unhappy one, i.e. Odysseus. oSvpo^uvov : in spite of his sorrow, concessive.
56. Note the insinuating sound of the verse, ' with winning and wily words." 1
57. 8irs : followed by the future indicative of pure purpose, only here in
Hosier, and rare in Attic. G. 1366 ; H. 881 c.
58. Kal icairvov : even, "if it were no more than," merely the smoke, which,
in K 30, marks the nearness of his only approach to his home since he set out
for Troy. Construe with vo^vai.
59. -yahis : construe with bwoOpuaKovra. Oavt'eiv l|iipTai : far from for-
getting Ithaca, he thinks he would die happy could he but catch a glimpse of
the smoke of its fires. ovS w o-o irtp : " and yet not even in thy breast."
60 f. T': for rol [ffol], the dative depending on x a P^ fTO m tne sense of
gratify. For the elision, see 31.
62. tvptCT] [evpflv] : of the Troad. See on 2. rl . . . wSwrao : why then didst
thou conceive such wrath against him ? The aprist is inceptive (H. 841), and
the verb dSfoffonai, here as elsewhere, is used with a play on the name '
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 7
This name was given by Autolycus, the maternal grandfather of the hero, on
a visit to Ithaca, TTO\\OI(TIV yap eyw ye oSi/erad/uecos r6d' iKdvu \ rtf d' (and there-
fore) 'Odvfftvs 6vofj.' ftrru firaivvfwv, r 407, 409. 1C e.
64. irolov . . . oSovTwv : a formula of indignant surprise. The sense is the
same as that of the briefer formula iroTov eetn-es /3 85, how thou speakest ! a-i,
KpKos : the part is in apposition with the whole. Render the pronoun in
English as possessive, the barrier of thy teeth. Cf. Shakespeare's ' Within my
mouth you have enjail'd my tongue, | Doubly portcullis'd with my teeth and
lips,' King Richard II., i. 3.
65. lireiTa: then, with the logical force of in that case, i.e. el futv Sij xaptfero
(60 f.), a thought resumed in 66 f.
66 f. Pporwv : genitive with the adverbial irepi, which with forl gives the
meaning surpasses, vbov being accusative of specification. The second irepi is
also adverbial with 5w/ce, in the sense of surpassingly, where (3porwi> is to be
understood.
68. y ai ^X : see on 53.
69. KvKXwiros : genitive of cause. 64>0aX|iov : gen. of separation, as in
t 516. dXdwortv: sc. Odysseus. The details of the story are given in
i 371 ff.
70. dvriBtov : in strength and lineage merely, like Otus X 308. See on 29.
IIoXv4>tip.ov : for the case, see on lo-xaroi 23.
71. KvKXwirto-o-i : poetical dative of interest. jitv: nere t^ e relative con-
struction is dropped, as in 4. H. 1005.
72. dXos : construe with the participle ^Sovros, which agrees with $6pKum,
and may be translated as a noun, ruler of.
74. K TOV 8Vj : from that time to this, referring back to 69. fvo<ri\9(av : the
same elemental power that supports the earth (yairioxos) can shake it.
75. ov TI KT\. : an unexpected prefix of a negative contrast to the principal
thought, does not indeed seek to slay him, but does keep him wandering. irarpl-
8osatT]s: 25/, end.
76. oiSe: here present, in opposition to the absent Poseidon.
77. birws \0T]<ri [eXflg, 47]: how he may return, explains and paraphrases
vbffrov. The simple verb is used in the sense of vd\iv t\0eiv. The subjunctive
is the usual mode hi such clauses in Homer, the future indicative in Attic. See
on 57.
78. ov |iv |>V] "yap TI : verily indeed not at all. Cf. 75.
80 f. Cf. 44 f., and see 15 /.
82. TOVTO : refers back to 76 f., and is explained by the following verse.
4>(Xov : SC. la-ri.
83. ovBc SopovSe : the enclitic -Se is here rhythmically doubled by adding it
also to the possessive pronoun. See 36 d.
84. limra: see on 65. Here it takes up the protasis contained in the two
preceding verses.
85. '1Y V Y"1 V : tne name of the mythical isle referred to in 50. oTpvvopcv :
subjunctive of exhortation, with short variable vowel. See on 41,
8 COMMENTARY.
87. v6orov : in explanatory apposition with ftov\^v, and itself explained by
wj ice vti)Ta.i. Cf. 77.
88 f. ot : dative of advantage. It here refers to Odysseus, but in 89 to
Teleinachus his son, in each case to the person most prominent in the thought
just preceding.
90. KoXio-avra : for the accusative instead of the dative agreeing with ol, see
G. 928, 1 ; H. 941. icapt] KOfiouvras : the first is a neuter accusative of specifi-
cation, the second a participle from /co/tdw, with assimilation of uncontracted
vowels, as in alriduvrai 32. The phrase means literally letting the hair grow on
the head, i.e. long-haired. The epithet, much more frequent in the Iliad than
in the Odyssey, describes a national trait in the heroic times. To cut the hair
was a sign of mourning, cf. S 198. ' Thucydides (i. 6) says it was not long
since the "gentlemen of the old school" had given up wearing their hair in a
knot fastened by a golden cicada. The Spartans retained to a late period the
custom of wearing long hair. Before the battle of Thermopylae, the Persian
scout saw the Spartans combing their hair (Hdt. vii. 208), preparing for glorious
victory or honorable death. Only dandies wore long hair at Athens in the
time of Aristophanes.' 'Ax<uovs : one of the names for the dominant race in
northern Greece, Peloponnesus, and adjacent islands. It is sometimes used as
a name for the whole people, like the later " EX\?jves. Here it means the free
people of Ithaca, and also the suitors from the neighboring islands, who were
all subjects of Odysseus.
91. |4VT)rrfjp(ra-iv : for a shorter form of this dative plural, see 114. dim-
irlpcv : speak out plainly, sc. rbv qvffov d.Tn>]\eytus, as in 373. His speech would,
of course, be one of warning and prohibition.
92. oSiva : huddling, the opposite of irXoT<?a straggling, which is an epithet
of goats. Note also how the epithets of cattle fix in word-pictures the most
salient features of their gait.
93. T|(ia66VTa : for the masculine form used as feminine in Homer, see
41 a. In the case of adjectives in -ifcis and -6ets, this occurs only with geo-
graphical names.
94. irev<r6|ivov : future participle of veuOonai, denoting purpose, to be con-
strued with the omitted object of ireiuf'u. tjv TOW dKovo-g : in case he may pos-
sibly hear. After a historical tense the idiom is el with the optative, as in 115 f.
G. 1420 ; H. 907.
95. txfl^ 1 " : may possess him, instead of being possessed by him, thus per-
sonifying K\eot.
96-143. Athena goes disguised to Ithaca, where she is hospitably received by
Telemachus.
96. iro<r<rv [voffiv'] : see on v(xriv 15.
97. T&, : to be treated as a relative pronoun. v-yprjv : the flood (lit. the
moist). The feminine adjective is here used as a substantive. So the earth is
ailed the firm (rpa0epij). So we speak of ' the green ' (lawn or park).
98. &|ia : with, i.e. keeping pace with, as swiftly as. irvoi^s
37 e.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
100 f. On the supplementary descriptive epithets without connective, as
in 97, see 14 j, 18 a. r!p, rolo-Lv re to be treated as relative pronouns. For
the rt, see on 50.
101. T)pwwv : explanatory apposition, still further defined by the following
relative clause. K<mo-<rT<u : becomes wroth, 1- aorist subjunctive, with ' incep-
tive ' force. The subjunctive in such a subordinate clause corresponds to an
iterative present in the principal clause, as the optative to an iterative imper-
fect. 6ppip.o7rd.Tpi] : the epithet stands in supplementary descriptive apposi-
tion to the subject, l this daughter of a mighty sire.''
102. prj [ejSi/] Kara : construe with Kaprivwv. a(|cura : with a rush.
103 f . OTTJ : the journey is no sooner begun than it is ended. frrl irpoOvpois :
at the outer door, equivalent to the tMpyffiv of 120, i.e. at the door admitting
from the road or street into the cour'.vard before the palace, and so otf5oO tir
atXflov on the threshold of the court. -n-aXdfiT] . . . -yx : no slave or servant
therefore, whose hands must be free for labor. 24 A.
105. l8o(j^vi] : taking the form of, of an actual transformation.
106. d-yTjvopas : see on 29. circira : then, when she came upon them.
107. Oupdwv : the door of the palace, within the courtyard, and opposite the
door from the street, where Athena-Mentes stood.
108 f. avroC : themselves, i.e. without the consent and against the wishes of
the rightful owners. The pronoun has a similar intensive and contrasting force
in the next verse. 45 e.
109 ff. KT|pvKes Kal 6pdirovTs : to the former ol fUv (110) refers ; to the
latter, ot 5<f (111) and rol 64 (112). The whole and its parts are expressed in
the same case, and no verb of general meaning, which would describe the
activity of the whole body of attendants, is introduced. These heralds and
squires, free-born men, but of inferior rank, were hi this case handsome youths
whom the suitors had brought with them to serve as pages. Both offices, in
the ' piping times of peace ' which the Odyssey describes, have lost much of the
dignity and independence which they have in the martial Iliad.
110. ot \Uv -. a spondee, 35, 62 j. Kpiyriipo-i : these stood on tables by
themselves, and wine was carried from them to the guest, as were his portions
of meat from the carving tables. See i 8-10. \58wp: the quantity of the first
syllable is variable. Cf. 140, and see 62 d y. In later times also the Greeks,
as a rule, weakened their wine with water, two parts of wine to three of water.
112. irporiOev : were set-
ting up, i.e. placing before
(irpfy the seats, irpoirdpotfe
dpbvuv K 354. Usually, in
Homer, each person has a
separate table at a formal
meal, and in the time of
Plato at Athens there was
no such thing as a common table for all the guests at a meal, but small tables
served for two or more persons. icpt'a iroXXd : the adjective is predicate, meats
10 COMMENTARY.
in abundance. Sarevvro : were carving. The meat was cut up into portions
(Ttvcues 141), as also in historical times, and handed round to the tables of the
guests, who took it in the fingers for eating. The servants were preparing the
meal in the palace, while the suitors were amusing themselves in the courtyard.
113. irpwros : see on oi iitv 110.
114. 4>i\ov TJrop : accusative of specific? tion.
115 f. el . . . 6ci) : if only he would come somewhence and, etc. See on 94.
The clause expresses the dreamy wish of Telemachus.
116 f. (ivTio-Hjpwv TWV \uiv : of the suitors, of these indeed. The demonstrative
pronoun follows and repeats the idea of its substantive with emphasis before
the contrast soon to follow in ai/r6s. orK&ao-iv Ottrj : a circumlocution for O-KC-
SdfffLf, make a scattering, for scatter.
117. npdjv : sc. pa<ri\T]lda, his royal honors, with all their revenues and
rights, such as land, daily supplies, presents, and invitations to feasts. Swpa-
<riv: for the dative, see on 71 ; be lord of his house.
118. rd <j>povtwv : with these thoughts; subordinate to /jxtHi/jxvos, sitting thus
thoughtfully.
120. uvov . . . t<J>6crrdp.v : that a stranger stand. The infinitive clause
describes that at which he was disturbed, i.e. it serves as object of ve/j.effa-^dt).
121. eSe'^aro : sc. of, relieved him of. x
122. <j>wvT|o-as : lifting up his voice. The simple verb is always intransitive
in Homer. Both accusatives in the formula are construed with irpo<rr}6da.
irrtpocvTo, : the uttered word darts off like a bird. Cf. 04.
123. <j>iX/f|<r<u [01X7)0-77, 47 j~] : ' thou shall be kindly entreated,' future middle
in passive sense.
124. ira<rcrd|uvos : the aorist participle explains the time meant by t-n-eira.
Homeric courtesy always deferred a formal introduction of the guest and
inquiry about his errand, till he had partaken of hospitality. orreo <r XP^I :
of what thou hast need. XP$ i g a substantive (sc. t<rrl), like xP et ^i ail( i the
accusative of the. pronoun originally expressed 'limit of motion' with some
verb of motion, as in rlva xP ei< ^ ffrffov txei [3 28, tfj.t 5" xpecb ylfverai avrrjs S
634.
125. ifttiQ' : for ^ye?To (rjytoiMi.).
126. 86(iou: the collective term for the whole house is here used for the
name of the particular apartment, in this case the great hall, /j.^yapov.
127. 4>pojv : the addition of the participle makes the description more vivid
and circumstantial, ' the spear that he bore." 1 irpos icfova : construe with eo-rijo-e.
Four or more pillars support the roof over the hearth in the centre of the
Homeric ptyapov.
128. SovpoSoKTjs : consisting possibly of straps or rings encircling the pillar
and holding the spears upright against it. The word occurs only here. Iv0a
ip : right where. aXXa : besides, also. In Homer, as in Attic prose, this
pronoun is sometimes joined appositively to a noun in a sense which the English
must render adverbially. G. 966, 2 ; H. 705.
129. iroXXo. : in great numbers, predicate adjective.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 11
130. avrfjv : herself, in contrast with the spear 127. See on 108. a-ywv :
he seated her on a throne that he led her to. See on <f>tpuv 127. vir6 : adverb,
with irerda-ffas. 22 d. XITO, : accusative singular. A simple linen cloth is
here used instead of the usual rdirris (S 124), or p-^yea (K 352), with which the
seat was made more comfortable, a sort of movable upholstery.
131. KO.XOV : describes Opbvov, the preceding clause being parenthetical. See
on 100. trotriv : for the feet. See on 15.
132 f. irdp 8" avros : and near by for himself, the last idea repeated in the
middle voice of 0<?To. KTo0v aXXwv HVTIO-TTJPWV : away from the others, the
suitors (see on dXXa 128), " away from the company of the suitors,' i.e. from
the tables set for them. They do not come in from the court till 144. 15 d.
134. StCirvo) : dative of cause, explained by the second part of the verse.
136-140. A stereotyped description of the preliminaries to a hospitable
meal. See 8 52-56, K 368-372. 15 /. These customs remained essentially
the same at Athens in the days of Plato.
136. \pvipa r'xV : equivalent to vSup tirl x e ?P a * fx ev " 146. irpoxow :
dative of place or means, with <pepov<ra, which is used like <f>tpwi> 127.
138. vi\|/a<r6<u : for them to wash, infinitive of purpose. This washing of
the hands before eating had originally a religious meaning, on account of the
customary offerings to the gods. Cf. 'For the Pharisees, and all the Jews,
except they wash their hands diligently, eat not, holding the tradition of the
elders,' St. Mark vii. 3. irapd : adverb, as in 132.
140 f. ^Sara : viands, usually cold meats left from former meals. These
were brought on for an unexpected guest who had to be suddenly served.
icpfiuv (141), on the other hand, means freshly cooked meats. x<xpio|i{'vT)
iraptovTwv : giving gladly (hence bountifully) of what was on hand, of her store.
The genitive is partitive.
141. deipas : that he had taken up from the carving-table (Ae6s), from which
the meats were served in portions.
143. Kfjpvg : probably Medon, the herald of the house of Odysseus (5 677).
Telemachus and his guests are served by the house-servants, the suitors by their
own pages (see on 109). avrowriv : almost an equivalent of the <r<pi above,
possibly adding a slight notion of contrast to the surrounding food and uten-
sils. olvo\ovv: serving wine from an oicox<h? or irp6xoos, wiih which the wine
was dipped up from the Kpyr-fip, and poured into the dtiras of the guest.
144-220. While the suitors eat, Telemachus discourses with his visitor, who
gives herself out to be a guest-friend of Odysseus, and confident that the hero will
yet return.
147. 8|io: these belonged to Odysseus. There were fifty in all. Their
master metes out awful punishment to the twelve faithless ones among them,
after he has slain the suitors (x 420 ff.).
148. Kovpoi : the depdirovres of 109. KprjT^pas . . . iroroto : ' brimmed the
bowls with drink." 1 The formula strictly denotes mixing wine with water in the
mixing-bowls, as in y 339, but is here loosely used for the filling of the cups of
the banqueters from the mixers.
11' COMMENTARY.
149. ol 8^ : resumes the rolai of 146. crcCpa : in readiness, predicate after
TpOKtlfJifva.
150. iroo-ios [ir6<rews] : genitive objective with tpov. l epov VTO : sent away
their desire, i.e. satisfied it. Vergil imitates the formula with postquam
exempt a fames et amorcompressus e d e n d i Aen. viii. 184.
151. |AVT)<rrfips : this logical subject of the apodosis to 150 is at once taken
up in the demonstrative roiaiv with an altered construction. The suitors
they turned their thoughts to other things. Contrast with Telemachus (156) is
thus prepared. (i(if|\eiv : 3 person singular, with neuter plural subject. 33
k;22j.
152. -yap T : a constant combination, like n a m q ue . See on 50. dva0TJ-
jiara : predicate, sc. tcrrl.
154. dvd-yKtj : under compulsion, an instance of the wantonness of the
suitors, for the bard belonged to the court of Odysseus. Both the bard and
Medon the herald (see on 143) are spared the doom inflicted on the suitors,
X 330-380.
155. t) TOI : verily now. 6 : he, demonstrative pronoun. 4>opfiici>v : this
word, following KiQapiv 153, shows that the <j>6pniy was not essentially different
from the tciBapis. The instrument was used by the Homeric bard in preludes,
interludes, and possibly to emphasize certain passages, but not as a constant
accompaniment. It set the tone, or key, of the recital. tcoXdv : adverb.
158. tj KO.I : loilt thou actually ? a rhetorical question, expressing surprise,
but expecting no answer. vtjwa-TJo-cai : uncontracted form for ve^ecnjo-Tj
(4~j)- OTTI KV el'irw: a clause more fully explaining what is meant by fwl
at me, at what I may say.
159. TOVTOIO-IV . . . (UXci : these men indeed turn their thoughts to these things,
the construction as in 151. ic(6apis KO.I doiSVj : instrumental and vocal music,
both the accomplishments of the bard, and both included in yuo\7n) of 152.
160. ptia : lightli/, carelessly, i.e. without anxiety for their own support, as
the gods peia {wovviv, while men toil for their food. vVjiroivov : predicate
adjective as adverb, without amends.
161. dvc'pos [dv8p6s]: in apposition with the &\\ov implied in d\\6rpiov. See
on a.vr(at> 7. 8Vj irov : now perhaps. Xcvicd : a fixed and conventional epithet
of forta. 15. For the retraction of the accent, cf. KOK< 33.
162. Tjireipov : here land in its most general sense, as distinguished from
KVfM. TI . . . KvXtvSci : sc. avra, referring to 6ffr^a, object instead of subject,
now that the relative construction is abandoned for an independent state-
ment.
164 f. dpT]<rataTo : 47 n. \a<j>p6rpoi v\ a4>vi6Tpoi : more swift than rich.
H. 645. If swift, they might escape, whereas, even if rich, they could not buy
themselves off. ' They all would pray rather for speed of foot than stores of gold
and clothing.' 1 xpv " ^ : genitive of plenty.
166. vvv 8^ : but as it is, assuming the opposite of the case supposed in 163.
cSs: as suggested in 161 f. pdpov : cognate accusative. tj|uv : recessive
accent because unemphatic. G. 396 ; H. 264.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 13
167 f. tt ircp . . . <j>^o i w : even if many a man say. For the subjunctive, see
21 d a. ; G. 1396 ; H. 894 b. TOV Sc KT\. : nay, HIS day of returning perished,
a flat contradiction of fXefoeffffai.
170. TIS, iroOev : the first question asks for name and parentage, the second
for native land or home. Cf. Vergil's qui genus, unde domo? Aen. viii.
114. eis : the 2 person singular of elfjd, enclitic in Homer. ir69i KT\. : asyn-
deton of sentences in lively speech. 18 b. dvSpwv : partitive genitive with
each interrogative. TOKTJS [ro/ceis] : 39 d.
171. oirirottis KT\. : an indirect question, connected by rt with KardXe^ov KJ9.
The direct form of question is resumed at once in ITWJ. vt|6s : the questioner
wishes to know whether he came on his own or another's ship, and whether
that ship was merchantman or pirate. dcfuicco [d^kov] : 47 j.
172. VXTOVTO : tne tense refers to the time when Athena was supposed
to have been with them.
173. [iv : surely, like ^v, as in 78. The verse seems facetious in the mouth
of an islander. ^
174. Kal TOVTO : this also. Cf. r65e 169. IT/JTVIIOV : predicate adjective as
adverb, truly.
175. T| . . . TJ : equivalent to Attic wbrepov . . . % (23 b). v&>v : adverb,
newly, i.e. now for the first time. Its contrast is in the following icai, actually,
i.e. already.
176. to-av : used to come, followed by the poetical accusative of the limit of
motion. Telemachus speaks from hearsay, since he was an infant when his
father went to Troy (X 448).
177. d\\oi : besides thee ; or, men of other lands, strangers. Kal KCIVOS :
he too was hospitable to visitors as they had been to him. He sought and
bestowed hospitality, was socially inclined.
181. Ta<{>Coi<ri : for the case, see on 71. 22 g.
182. cSSt : in this way, ' as you see me here,' spoken with significant gesture.
The transition would be easy to the hither or here of later Greek. Karfj\.v0ov :
put in, from the ' high sea ' down to the shore.
183. ir\'v : on a voyage interrupted by this stop at Ithaca. The participle
is here pronounced with 'synizesis' ( 28).
184. Tejieo-qv : a place in Cyprus famed for its rich supply of copper. The
metal takes its name from Cyprus (aes Cyprium). jwrd : after, i.e. .to
get. o-yw : carry, as cargo, to exchange by barter for copper. al'Owva : of the
sparkling lustre of manufactured iron.
185. ijSe : here, with deictic force (H. 695 a), the speaker pointing in some
direction. eir' d-ypov : a-field, i.e. in this case, on the coast of the open
country, and not hi a city's harbor. The usual meaning of the phrase is seen
in 190. iroXrios : the city of the Ithacans, on the outskirts of which lay the
estate of Odysseus.
187. d\Xf|\wv : of one another. irarpuioi: ancestral, i.e. I was guest-friend
of your father, and the relation is inherited by you. cvxoficOa ttvai : equiv-
alent tO t<TfJ.tl>.
14 COMMENTARY.
188. c apx^s : from of old. t irtp . . . iX6v : as thou wilt be assured,
if only thou wilt go and ask; the subjunctive as in 167 f.
189 f. rdv : to be treated as relative pronoun. ovidi-i : with epxfffdai.
irfj|xo,Ta vaa\tiv : see on 49. The phrase here indicates the burdens of old age,
and the hardships of the solitary life which Laertes had chosen in his grief at
the loss of his son Odysseus. Cf. X 187 ff.
192. CVT' av: whensoever. Kara: adverb with \dpyff tv, lays hold upon.
Weariness and sleep are personal powers to Homer. They subdue like armed
men. -yvia : see on fywcos 64.
193. dXwfjs olvoirt'Soio : of his cultivated vineyard.
194 f. 8t) -yap : lo ! indeed. |*.v : subject of elwu, and explained below by
<rbv varipa, since otherwise it might be referred to Laertes. <J>O.VTO : refers
.to a report which Mentes claims to have learned before leaving home, or on
his way to Ithaca, while <f>a<rl, 189, refers to what he may have heard since
landing at Ithaca.
195. vv : as I see, of inference. KcXevOov : equivalent to vberov, genitive
of separation.
196. lirl xOovt: in the world, i.e. anywhere, at all.
197. irow : the indefinite adverb aptly covers Athena's real knowledge of
his whereabouts (50 ff.). There is similar pleasantry in &v5pf* 198, and in
the prophecy of 200 ff .
198. Cf. 50.
199. o'i irov KT\. : adds d&ojra emphatically to the thought of 197, and the
supplementary adjective Aypiot holds the thought in suspense for the sake o*
this addition.
200 f. ws . . . pdXXovcri : sc. fju>t, as the immortals suggest to me, of a though
that occurs suddenly and as by inspiration. TE\&cr0<u : future middle in pas-
sive sense.
202. The participles are both concessive in meaning. <rd<j>a l8s : expert in.
203. 8t)p6v : akin to 8-^v = Sp-tiv, and here, though not always, making
length by position for the preceding short vowel. 62 h /3.
204. cx'flo'i.v : the object must be supplied from the subject of efftrerai.
205. <|>pd<ro-T<u : future middle of </>pdfw, he will devise a way. cos K
v^rai : an appositional purpose-clause, as in 87.
. 207. ct 8r| : if really. rdo-os : sc. fd>v, tall as thou art. No compliment
could be more acceptable to the youth. irdis : predicate, with ^ atroto
OSvo-Tjos. ets : as in 170.
208. alvtos : awfully, i.e. astonishingly. Xenophon uses foxvp&s in a similar
way. ji^v : as in 173. K<j>aX^jv, op,fiara : accusatives of specification.
209. tirti : introduces not direct proof of the preceding statement, but an
explanation of how the speaker is in a position to make it. 6a|xd roiov : so
very often. The -rolov after adjectives and adverbs has deictic force, pointing to
familiar customs or relations. Its force was probably heightened by a gesture.
210. s Tpodjv dvaf3f||j.cvai : embarked for Troy, i.e. to sail to Troy.
212. K TOV: from that time.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 15
215. jx^v n : correlative to aiirdp. For the use of -r4, see on 60. TOV :
predicate genitive of origin, with inpevat. Cf. 207. DON PEDRO. '-I think this
is your daughter.' LEOX. 'Her mother hath many times told me so.' Much
Ado about Nothing, I. i.
216. wv : equivalent to eavrov. avr<5$ : of himself, of his own knowledge.
dvt'-y vu : gnomic aorist, no man knoweth.
217. ws 5t] o4>eXov fi(uvai : lo ! how I ought to be! i.e. O that I were! an
unattainable wish. G. 1513; H. 871 a.
218. lots : refers not to the subject (yrjpas) of the verb, but to its object (6v).
tin : see on diro 49. trtr\uv : overtook, as, in fact, it had not. The
indicative stands thus in a conditional relative sentence which depends on an
unattainable wish. G. 1433 ; H. 919 b.
219 f. vvv & : see on 166. os . . . dvOpuiruv : he who is most hapless of
mortal men, a relative sentence preceding its demonstrative word (TOV) that the
latter maybe more emphatic. y^ vTO: has become and so is. TOV . . . -yev^-
<r0ai : equivalent to TOV tK-yevfoffai pf <j>a<ri. The genitive denotes origin, and ^K
is adverbial, taking its accent from the following enclitic. It makes the idea of
source clear.
221-318. Athena inquires about the outrages of the suitors, and advises
Telemachus to try and stop them, and to go on a journey in quest of tidings of
his father.
222. ov fUv TOI: not, in deed and in truth. vwwpvov: predicate adjective
with the object yeve-fiv.
223. TOIOV : " who art so tall and sturdy." The predicate adjective thus
contains the gist of the reason why the family of Odysseus could not be name-
less for the future.
225. 08* IirXcTo : is this here. rCirrt 8^ o-e xp* : and ^w, pray, hast thou
need of it ? " what good does it do' thee? " For the construction with xpev,
see on 124. rlirre is adverbial here, like roffov in the passage there cited, and
xpeti is a monosyllable by ' synizesis ' ( 28).
226. elXairCvi] t^t : the two words are pronounced together in ' synizesis.' -
ydfios : the last syllable is used in place of a long syllable, before a pause.
62 (3). rdo : what I see here, subject of ivTlv.
227 f. s TC : with vppifovres, like insolent men. \ioL, virp<{>idX(os : construe
the first with 8oKtov<riv, the second with SaivvffOat. The verses explain why the
gathering could not be an epavos.
229. ato-xca : shameless deeds of the vfiptfrvres. os TIS irivvros ye: whoso-
ever, in his senses at any rate. The adjective is predicate.
231. dvcCpcai T|S (icraXXcjs : for such pairs of nearly synonymous words,
see 15 c.
232 f. (ie'XXev trort ?fijievai : was likely to be once, "may well have
been," "doubtless was," judging from what the speaker had heard (see
on 176).
234. m'pws : in the other way, not quite equivalent to dXXws.
236. OavovTi irtp : sc. ol, "at the mere fact of his death." The participle
16 COMMENTARY.
is limited by the explanatory d 8d/j of the next verse. For the optative in
the conclusion to such a condition, see 21 d d.
238. tv yjtpa-iv : in the arms, like in manibus. lirtl: temporal.
239. T$ : in that case, i.e. the one supposed in 237. 45 k.
240. Kiv TJparo : he would have secured, i.e. through this notable burial,
since the mound would have kept his fame alive for his son to enjoy.
242. otx T ' : o?xer'j gone is he. For the elision, see 31. The 'asyndeton'
( 18) betokens deep feeling and excitement. oSvvas rt -yoovs rt : instead of
K\tos 240.
243. ov8 TI : yet by no means.
244. aXXa : besides. See on 128.
245. vVjo-oio-iv : the neighboring islands of the group, as explained below.
The suitors from each isle are enumerated in ir 247 ff., one hundred and
eight in all, besides ten servants.
246. vXfyvri Za.Kvv9u>: see on 93. The final syllable of the adjective
remains short even before Z. See 62 g y.
247. Kara: preposition, with ' lOdicqv ( 58 c). KoipaWowiv : as /3a<ri\etj,
but subject to the higher power of Odysseus.
249 f. TtXcvTtjv iroifjo-ai : equivalent to TfXevrrjffcu, to consummate, sc. ydfwv.
The periphrasis is like that in 116. Svvarai : can she bring herself to, of moral
power. iSovrcs : descriptive participle of manner, voraciously.
252. liraXao-TTJo-ao-a : the aorist is inceptive, as in daKpfoava 336. H. 841.
253 f. iroXXov : adverbial, with Sevr/, much need hast thou. o K (5s &) . . .
<f>tfrq : who would lay hands on, etc. Such an imagined result regularly follows
a present tense in a negative principal clause. Here Seify contains the negative
idea.
255. d -yap : if really, with the optative of wish would that. cv irpi*TT)(rv
Ovprjcriv : at the front door, the same as tirl vf>od6poa 103, 6tpy<Tiv 120. Construe
56/wu with this phrase.
256. Ixv . . . Sovpc : i.e. in full Homeric armor.
257. TOIOS : i.e. with such youth and vigor. Cf. 223. TO. irpwra : that first
time, adverbial phrase.
259. dvidvra : on his way back. Cf. ir\twv 183. If returning from Pelo-
ponnesus, he would have taken a somewhat roundabout course to visit the
Taphians. But direct routes must not be imposed upon either hero or poet of
adventure. McppcptSao [-Ldov] : a patronymic. 42 e.
260. Kal Kio- : there also, as well as to many other places. See on 177.
261 f. d<J>pa ol etrj : sc. rb <j>dpiJ.a.Koi> as subject, but translate that he might
have it. \pUa-Qai : infinitive of purpose, as in 6<f>pa ol efy (sc. yd\a) \ irlveiv i 248 f.
21/0. Poisoned arrows are mentioned only here in Homer, and here the
context implies disapprobation. Poisoning of wine is feared in /3 329 f. Cf.
Vergil's Amycum, quo non felicior alter | unguere tela manu
ferrurnque armare veneno Aen. ix. 772 f.
265. TOIOS twv 6niX.T|o-uv : repeats, without el ydp, the wish of 255 ff. The
verb is used in a hostile sense, like the English ' meet.'
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 17
266. The verse forms an apodosis to 265 ; sc. T$ in that case (cf. 239), which
would resume the preceding wish as a protasis.
267. Tavra : these issues, i.e. the desired return of Odysseus and its conse-
quences, as described in 255-260, and briefly summed up anew in 2(!8 in the
form of an indirect double question. 6wv tv yovvcuri KCITCU : lie in the laps of
the gods, of a decision to be made by the gods. These, in the conception of the
poet (which is also that of earliest Greek art), are seated figures. In their laps
lie the fortunes of men, material objects, to be dealt out from time to time.
268. r\ Ktv . . . rje K<xl OVK( : whether perhaps, ... or even not.
270. dirwo-scu : dirw^w, aorist subjunctive. G. 1377 ; H. 885 c.
271. tl 8' a-ye : but pray come!
273. jivOov ir{'<j>paSe : make known thy mind, pvdov referring to the import or
content of what is said 8col . . . TTV : i.e. adjure the people by the gods to
do as thou desirest. 47 /.
275. (j.T]Tpa 8^ : in close correlation with nvriffTTjpas ntv, as if Avtaxdi Uvat were
to follow. But in the next verse a milder expression is used, 4^ tru, as though
M^TTJP had preceded. This is ' anacoluthon ' (H. 1063).
276. irarpos : his name is given in 329, /3 53. His home was in Sparta.
|iya Swapc'voio : very powerful, perhaps because of great wealth.
277. ol & : i.e. the family of Penelope implied in the previous verse. 2c8va :
only here and /3 196 of dowry gifts, elsewhere in Homer of suitor-gifts, which
were a modified form of an earlier purchase. Purchase also had succeeded an
earlier capture by force, though there is no indication of this in Homer.
278. tirl ircuSos irs<r6ai : to follow upon (along with) a daughter, i.e. to be
given with her at her marriage.
279. erf KC irW^at : in case that, i.e. in hope that thou wilt obey. See on 94.
280. iKo<riv : a common number for the oarsmen on Homeric craft which
were designed for voyaging merely, not for fighting. A war-ship in Homer
usually has a crew of at least fifty. TJ ns dpfo-TT] : the very best, sc. iarlv. The
relative virtually strengthens the superlative.
282 f. 6Wav : rumor, distinguished from the definite information implied
in eftrflcrt. Because of unknown and mysterious origin, it was held to be K
Ai6j. Vergil's Fama is a daughter of Terra Aen. iv. 178. K\'OS : tidings.
Cf. d/cXeiwj 241.
284. See Book iii. 285. See Book iv.
286. 6's : in demonstrative use. 45 p. fj\9cv : sc. ir<Xii>, as in 77.
287. VOOTOV ; i.e. his safe return to some Greek shore, or that he is alive
and will return.
288. rj T* : ^ TOI. See on 60. rpvx<5f vo s : sc - by tne suitors. Cf. 248. The
participle is concessive. 4viavr6v : a period within which Odysseus may surely
be expected to make his way to Ithaca, if he is coming at all.
289. T9vtiwTos : that he is dead, sc. avrov ; literally of him as dead. 22 f y.
290. STJ tircira : then at once. So in 294.
291. crfj|ia: a cenotaph, or memorial mound, like rtupov in 5 584. X * at :
infinitive used as imperative ( 21 fa). lirC : adverb, thereat. KTt'pca Ki-tpct-
18 COMMENTARY.
<u : perform the usual rites. The formula originally denoted the burning of
the dead man's possessions on the pyre ; then it came to be used of any formal
funeral rites. Such rites are described n 12-15. For the cognate accusative,
see on 49.
292. Kal . . . Sovvai : i.e. suffer your mother to marry if she wishes, and
make no objections to it.
293. ravra. TX.vnfj<rr]s rt ical prjs : skalt have ended and done this. See
on 231. The raOra refers merely to the funeral rites of his father.
295 f. oirirws ... Kreivfls : how thou mayest slay. Cf. 270.
296. o\>8^ TI <ri xP^i ' an ^ ^ ^ * n no wa y 'ee/or thee. For the construction,
see on 124.
297. vt]irtdas 6x-f : to carry childishness, equivalent to mjiriaxe'Jfi-v to act
childishly. rqXiKOs : so young as to justify childishness.
298. q OVK : pronounced with 'synizesis.' 28. eLCtis : the present de-
notes the continued result of a completed action, hast thou not heard, and so
dost thou not know ? H. 827. olov : refers to quality, and so is more compli-
mentary than Sffffov would be. Athena cites the incident which has been used
for a different purpose by Zeus (35-43).
299 f. irdvras ir dv0pirovs : denotes the spreading of his fame over the
world. iraTpo<}>ovfja : not parricide (Trarpo<f>6vov), but murderer of his (Orestes')
father, as the explanatory clause 8 ot . . . e/cra shows. 15 d.
301. Kal <rv : thou too (as well as Orestes), followed by <f>l\os as vocative.
pdXa -yap KT\. : indeed I see that thou art very beautiful and tall, a paren-
thetical clause, giving a reason for the following exhortation. Cf. 207.
302. r<r : effffo. TS : many a one, collective.
304. fie : construe with ntvovres, because they have to wait for me.
305. <rol . . . |u\6To> : let (this) be thine own care.
307 f. <j>\a <j>povea>v : in kindly spirit. ravra, airwv : this, it, the latter
pronoun merely anaphoric as in Attic. See on rSv 10, and 45 e.
309. ^irci-yojitvos irep 68010 : the genitive is partitive after tireiy6fj.evos in the
sense of eager for, as after <?<r<riVe>s in 5 733. G. 1099 ; H. 739 The participle
has concessive, the particle intensive, force, as in 6.
310 f. TTapir6|Avos : refreshed by further feasting and its accompanying
pleasures. The bath before the banquet, a special luxury in Homer, became
a fixed custom in Athens in the time of Plato. The participles contain the
main ideas, rather than /chjj, and should be translated as verbs, that thou
mayest get bath and refreshment before thou goest.
312. Tip,fjtv, KaXov : in supplementary and emphatic position (see on 100),
a precious one, a very beautiful one. KcifijjXiov : costly ornamental utensils
are often given to guests in Homer, and there is no hesitation in receiving or
even hi asking for them. Menelaus and Odysseus come home rich in such
gifts, richer than they would have been from their share of the booty of Ilios.
The guest-gifts of the Egyptians and Phaeacians play the same part in the
Odyssey which the ' hidden treasure ' does in later romance.
313. ota : of such sort as. Its antecedent is logically a plural partitive geni-
FIRST HOOK oF TI1K ODYSSEY. 19
tive roiuv, depending on /cet/t^Xwc. tivoi uvoio-i : the repetition here does
service for dXXijXou. 10 b.
315. XiXeuojuvov irep : here a causal idea in the participle is intensified
by trip.
316. OTTU K : what one soever.
317. dvpxo(ie voj : sc. fwi, on my way back home from Cyprus (184). Sdjw-
vai : infinitive as imperative. 4>peo-0ai : infinitive of purpose.
318. Kal |id\a Ka\6v e\uv : taking one that in really very fine. The Kal
emphasizes the adverb, as in Kal \i-qv 40. <rol . . . d^oipfj, : and thou shalt
have a worthy return-gift, literally, thou shalt have a gift (sc. d(apoi>, or KcttfXtov)
worthy of the exchange, one which shall make the exchange no loss.
319-366. After Athena's departure, Penelope enters the hall to protest
against the song of the bard, but she is sent back to her chamber by Telemachus.
320. opvis ws : like a bird, i.e. as swiftly as a bird. No transformation into
the shape of a bird is meant. Cf. 105. The comparison is of the briefest pos-
sible form. 17 c. Sitirraro : flew away (lit. through the air), describing the
movement of the goddess in returning to Olympus, after she had passed out of
the palace (dir^tj). T$ : strictly a dative of reference, but best rendered as
possessive pronoun with 6vfj.$.
322. TO irdpoiOtv : before, an adverbial expression, like TO. irpwra 257.
voTjo-as : it is the change which the goddess has produced in his own feelings
that he observes and wonders at, not her darting off through the air. This
occurred outside the palace, and could not be seen by Telemachus.
323. oCo-aro : the thought came to him, an inceptive aorist.
324. UroOeos <j>ws : in supplementary and descriptive apposition with the
subject of the verb. The phrase is used only once again in the Odyssey (v 124),
also of Telemachus, but often in the Iliad of its warriors. Its use here then
well marks the inspiring martial influence of Athena.
326. dKovovres : for the metrical length of the final syllable, see on ydfju>s 226.
'A\aiwv VOOTOV : ' so the Odyssey knows at least two great themes for min-
strels, (1) "The Doom of Ilios" ('iXt'ou olrov 9 578), and (2) "The Return of
the Achaeans"; and the latter is the "newest" (a 352).' An idea of the
contents of such a song may be got from y 130-198, 254-312, 8 351-686.
327. Xtrypov : in the emphatic supplementary position (see on 312), serving
to repeat its substantive before closer definition or description, 'that wretched
return.' etc TpoCrjs : an attributive expression, taken up into the relative
clause instead of qualifying the antecedent V(MTTOV.
328. TOV, xnrepwi69ev : construe the first with doiSi}?, the second with <ri>v9ero.
4>po-i : i.e. plainly. Such descriptive datives in Homer have often hardly
more than adverbial force. Penelope heard the song of the bard from her
sleeping-room in the story over the 0dXa/xos, or women's hall, which is thought
of as back of the nfyapov, or men's hall.
329. Descriptive apposition with the subject of the preceding verb.
330. K\t|iaKa : accusative of the way traversed. Sofxoio : construe with
, the stairs of her house. They connected inrtpwov and 0dXa/xoj.
20 COMMENTARY.
331. A formula describing the entrance in state of a lady of rank. It is
varied in form for other purposes, as /3 11. Royal personages in the Attic
drama had regularly two attendants.
333. OTTJ pa : the apodosis. 24 d. <rra0p6v : the door-post at the entrance
from the women's hall (0dXajuos) to the men's hall (rtyos, fdyapov).
334. <rxo|i^vTi KT\. : with veil before her face. In historical times the 1/j.dnov,
or outer robe, was made to do this duty of hood and veil for women.
336. Saicpvo-oa-a : with a burst of tears. See on 252.
337. -yap : surely, or, as preparing the way for the principal thought in 339,
since. {Jporwv eeXK-Hjpia : in predicate apposition with TroXXd fiXXa, many
other songs to charm mortals.
338. Explanatory apposition with AXXa. rd re : such as, relative. The
verse well characterizes the lofty themes of the Homeric Epic.
339. TMV : of these, demonstrative, with reference to dXXa. irap^ixevos : as
thou sittest among them. C/. 26.
340. diroiraveo : uncontracted imperative 2d singular.
341. Compare the style of this verse with that of 327.
343. To(t]v K<j>a\^v : such a presence, so noble and brave.
344. dvSpos KT\. : the genitive limits K<f>a\riv, and defines it, a man's
(presence) whose fame is widespread. tvpv : sc. fa-rt. |xl<rov: innermost, in
partitive sense.
346. T T' apo. : why pray 1
347. OTTTTTI . . . opvvrai : as his mind is prompted to do. The bard courts
the favor of his audience by singing what is most pleasing to them.
348. atnoi : sc. dvLv. The bards are not responsible for the sorrows of an
doidi) \\iyp-q (340 f.). Zevs atrtos : the very idea condemned by Zeus in 32 ff.
349. dX<J>Tj<rTfl<riv : while the gods are peia fwofres, easy livers. See on 160.
350. ov vfjia-is : sc. tarl, it is no ground for censure, "one cannot blame."
The word refers not to the feeling of indignation, but to its cause. So the
Trojan elders say of Helen, 01) c^erts TptDas . . . | roiyd' d/j.(j>l y\>vaud . . . &\yea
Ta<rx" r 156 f. Similarly in prose -yAws is used for yeXoiov, avdyicr) for dvay-
KO.IOV, cu'Sws for cu'Soto? (cf. y 24). Aavawv KO.KOV otrov : evidently equivalent to
'Axatwc vbffrov. See on 326. Returning from the infliction of doom on Ilios,
many Achaeans met their own doom.
352. 3\ TIS KT\.: whichever floats about as newest, i.e. sounds newest to its
hearers. dKouovT<r<ri [o/coi)ov<n] : Aeolic form of dative plural participle.
39 b.
355. iv Tpoir| : i.e. on the expedition, either going or coming. Telemachus
knew that his father did not fall before Ilios (237).
356. olitov : used freely here of the 0dXo/xos, or women's hall. tovo-a :
translate as imperative, parallel with /c6yiztfe. TO. <r(d) avrfjs : thine own. See
on 7.
357. Io-r6v, r|\aKdn)v : the implements, loom and spindle, here stand for
the processes, weaving and spinning.
358. (ivOos : command, the expression of one's wishes or mind. Cf. 273.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 21
359. TOV : demonstrative pronoun referring to t/ioi, in predicate genitive
with tori, to this one belongs. The reference could be made plain in recitation
by gesture. So in the drama 88' av-f)p is equivalent to tyw. olicy : here in the
general meaning.
360. 6ap.pT|cra<ra : struck with amaze at this new independence in her son.
oticovSt : the meaning once more as in 356.
361. ?v0To OvfiS : laid to heart.
362. d}j.<t>iir6\oicri : here in attributive apposition with ywaiiv, attendant-
women. H. 624 a.
364. pdXc : let fall, a causative of JTITTTW. So \^ u is used of sleep, which is
thought of as a cloud, veiling the eyes.
365. o-Kiocvra : dark. The Homeric ^-yapov was lighted mainly from the
door, and had no chimney to carry off directly the smoke of the central fire.
366. irapal: by (her side), a locative adverb, to be construed with KXiOrjvai,
while Xex^effffi is dative of place.
367-419. Telemachus deals boldly with the suitors, one of whom asks about
the recent visitor to the palace.
369. 8<uvv|ivoi TcpirwjwOa : let us go on enjoying our feast. POTJTUS : refer-
ring to ofj-ddycrav 365.
370. KaXov : predicate. dKoWpcv : explanatory apposition with r65e. The
song of the professional bard is a regular part of the feast in the Odyssey (a 152),
but no such court minstrel is mentioned in the Iliad. With the exception of
12 720 ff . , where Hector is bewailed by professional mourners, singing is done
by amateurs, as by Achilles I 189, who sings K\fa dvdpuv the famous deeds
of men.
372. KaOe^wfxco-Oa KIOVTCS : let us go and take seats in.
373. irdvT$ : supplementary apposition for emphasis. See on 49. fyu.v :
see on rmiv 166. pvQov : as in 273.
374. e^i^vat : that ye go forth, in apposition with nvOov. dXt-yvvtre : the
word occurs only in the Odyssey, and always with 5atra(j).
375. dp.i(36p.evoi Kara ofcovs : literally exchanging with one another by houses,
i.e. successively from house to house.
376. \wiTpov KO.I ap.eivov : preferable and better, redundancy in a set phrase,
like the English 'fit and proper.' 15 c.
377. v/jiroivov : here in passive sense, without being paid for, since 6\fo0a.i
is intransitive, and ptorov is its subject. Cf. 160.
378. KipT : go on devouring it (sc. {Uorov), a concessive imperative, fol-
lowed at once by a threat. n.p<fl<ro|iai : Attic e 7ri/3o^<roAiai.
379. at K . . . Swwi: see on 94. iraXivTira cp-ya : the phrase is subject of
"yfvtffffai, forming with it the object of 5(?<rt, that requital be made.
380. vrfyn-oivoi : an angry echo of vf)iroivov '-}~1, unpaid for, i.e. with no
exaction of blood-money by the relatives from the murderer, unavenged.
*ira : in that case, i.e. if the prayer of 378 f. is granted. See on 84. S6|xwv
?vTo<r0 : within this house, the house of Odysseus, where, in fact, they are all
slaughtered at last ( x 1-380).
22 COMMENTARY.
381. 65d kv \t(Xi<ri <{>VVTS : with teeth set fast on lips, i.e. biting their lips
in silent rage.
382. o: equivalent to STI. because, quod ( 45 q).
384. rj pdXa S^j : in very truth now.
386 f . H.TJ . . . iroiT|a-uv : a negative wish. o : its antecedent is /ScunXetfetp
implied in f3affi\rja Tronjo-eiey. Y ev TI irarpwiov : hereditary right, though the
succession seems to have required ratification by the people.
389. Cf. 158.
390. Kal TOVTO : even this, i.e. /3a0-iXt>>'. dptVOai : construe with
391. rj <J>T)'S : dosi Aou really think ? with keen irony, for Antinous wished
to be king himself. icdKiorov : a very bad thing, predicate after reri/xOcu, which
is one of the many Homeric synonyms for elvai.
392. ov p,iv yap rt : verily by no means. KO.KOV : sc. tari. ol:for him,
i.e. the king. S : elsewhere in Homer this form of Sw/xa is accusative.
393. d4>vci6v : predicate adjective.
394. Pa<ri\fjs : princes, nobles, vassals of the chief /Sao-iXevj.
396. TWV TIS : any one of whom. r68 : this power, the privilege ef ruling
as chief |3a<nXeus in Ithaca. KV tXD "^ : inay have, subjunctive in potential
sense. 21 6 (2).
397. Tj|WTtpoio : our, in sense of my, as Telemachus says ^/ue?s for ^yo> in
ft 60, even though eyuv eo-o/aat immediately precedes. Cf. 123, 176. H. 637 a.
398. S|xwuv : these had been used and abused by the suitors. XijurcraTo :
on hostile raids into neighboring territory, and on piratical expeditions. Slaves
were also bought outright. Cf. 430.
400. See on 267.
401. 'Axaiwv : construe with 8s TIS.
402. exois : thou mayest have, concessive optative. Sco|ia<riv oio-iv : in
(thine) own house. This Epic possessive pronoun, in its early use could refer to
either of the three persons. H. 2(39 D.
403. JIT) cX0oi : may there not come, i.e. let there not come, the wish here
having the force of a threat.
404. 'I6diKT)s ?TI vaTou<n]s : apparently a genitive absolute, so long as Ithaca
still has dwellers. 22 //3.
406. 6inr60v : this general question, hi indirect form, is amplified by the
direct questions following. Cf. 170 f.
408. irarpos px<>|uvoio : of thy father's returning, objective genitive after
409. tov . . . eXS6|xvos : seeking his oivn interests. For the case of avrov,
see on 7. rd8 : strictly this coming, cognate accusative with iKdvei. It may
be translated here or thus, like its corresponding adverb wSe 182.
410 olov : how ! exclamation in tone of wonder.
411. -yvup^vai : for us to make his acquaintance, an infinitive of purpose,
like fl^affOat 138. ov p,tv -yelp TI : as in 392. KCIKU) : a low-born man.
, 413. voVros dirwXtTO : cf. 168.
FIRST BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 23
414. d-yytXtus : 37 e. et iroOev 2X0oi : from whatsoever source it might
come, sc. dyyeXii}.
417. OVTOS : subject of iyrtv, like OVTOS drfp 406, with |e?ws as general predi-
cate, followed by the items of detail fytis, irarpuios, K Td<j>ov.
418 f. Cf. 180 f.
420-444. The suitors sing and dance till bedtime, when they go home, and
Eurycleia puts Telemachus to bed.
420. Cf. 323. dflavdrriv : the adjective has only two terminations in Attic
prose. See on 50.
422. irl KT\. : fur evening to come on, firl being adverbial with t\0elv, as the
next verse shows. The whole phrase serves as the object of ptvov.
423. TfMro(i'voi<ri : as they took their pleasure, resuming a verb of the pre-
ceding verse. This interweaving of structure is called eirnrXoK-^. 19 b.
425 ff. oOi ... x^PV : anticipatory relative sentence, preceding the demon-
strative fvda 427. av\fjs : partitive genitive with 56i, like &\\odi 7abjs /3 131.
This tfdXa/ws seems to be thought of as built out into the av\f> from the
front porch or atOova-a.
428. SatSas : the use of olive oil for lamps is not known in Homer.
keSva I8vla : knowing faithful things, and so, since in Homer the contents of
one's knowledge betoken character or disposition, faithful. So afoifui e/5ws is
reverent, yina et'5o>s gentle, etc.
431. ciKo<rd(3oia : cattle, and not coined money, are the standard of value
in Homer. In the funeral games of the Iliad (^), a prize tripod is rated at
nine cattle, an accomplished female captive at four. Eurycleia was therefore
high priced.
432 f . t<ra : adverb. Concubinage is recognized, but not really approved
in Homer. evvV| . . . CIUKTO: he never lay with her. \6\ov &: the clause is
coordinate, instead of being subordinated and introduced by since. 24.
434. ii : demonstrative pronoun in resumption of 428, she it was who. I :
i.e. Telemachus.
435. S|x(i>d(i>v : construe with 77 which is to be continued as subject of
<f>i\te<TKe.
436. okgtv: sc. Telemachus.
441. |3f) p' tyev : set out to go, started and went.
442. ^irl . . . IjiavTi : shot home the bar with the thong, i.e. pulled the bar
horizontally along over (tiri) the surface of the inside of the door into its socket
in the door-post, by means of the thong (something like the old latch-string)
which passed from the bar on the inside through a hole in the door to the out-
side. Eurycleia did not tie the thong around the Kopuifrj. That would have
made it impossible to open the door from the inside without cutting the thong.
443. irawvxios : predicate adjective serving as an adverb. 59. olos
dwTw : in sheep's wool, here of the woollen blanket (x^atva).
444. 656v : journey (not road), like the Latin iter.
-4 COMMENTARY.
SECOND BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
The Second Book, like the First, comprises the events of a single day the
second in the chronology of the poem. It introduces specially the adventures
of the secondary hero, Teiemachus, and tells how, in spite of the refusal of the
Ithacan assembly, he seciues a ship and crew with which to set out in quest of
some tidings of his father. 11 b.
1-34. Teiemachus calls ->ie Ithacans to an assembly, at which Aegyptius asks
the reason for the summons.
I. tjfios : as soon as, of definite time in the past, and so followed by the in-
dicative. poSoSd.KTvX.os : rosy-fingered. The epithet is thought by many to
refer to the rays of light which sometimes radiate from the sun just before his
rising (and just after his setting), as the spreading fingers from the palm of the
hand. It may, however, be merely a general epithet of beauty, as \evKw\evos is
used of Hera, and dpyvp6irefa of Thetis. Cf. fodbiraxvs'Adwvts Theoc. xv. 128,
Milton's ' Morning fair | . . . who with her radiant finger,' etc. Par. Beg. iv. 426 ff.
Another color-epithet of Eos is /cpoK6n-en-Xos. Vergil unites both epithets in Au-
rora in roseis fulgebat lutea bigis Aen. vii. 26.
3. tipo/rcL : i.e. both the -^ri^v which he had taken off, a 437, and a i/Mdnov or
xXatVo, since he was to go out of doors. Teiemachus probably put on the x""^"
as Agamemnon does B 42 tfero 5"' <5/90w0et's, /jLa\a.K6v 5" evdwe xtruva. irtpi : ad-
verb ; with 6tro slung. The following dative is then locative. cop.u : the
Homeric sword was suspended on the left side, not by a belt, but by a strap
passing over the right shoulder.
4. Cf. a 96. For the quantity of the final syllable in inrtt, see 62 h a.
7. See on a 90.
9. jj-ytpOcv . . . -y^vovro : a pair of nearly synonymous expressions ( 15 c).
Cf. the ' assemble and meet together ' of the Prayer Book.
10. t\t : later Greek would have x w "- 24^.
II. See on a 331.
14. irarpds OWKW : i.e. the royal seat. Teiemachus thus indicates his claim
to the succession, and the elders recognize it by making way for him. Cf. a
387. yipomts : the heads of the noblest families, forming an advisory council
to the king. The notion of age is no more prominent than in senator, or
alderman.
16. (Jivpta flSi) : said of wisdom accumulated from long experience, "was
very wise."
17. Kal . . . ulos : and verily this marts son. The assembly reminds the old
man of Odysseus who last summoned it, and so of the son who had left Ithaca
with Odysseus. He hopes for tidings of both.
19. TOV 8^ : but that son.
20. irvfiOTOv : predicate adjective with rbv. irXo-<ra.To Sopirov : here used
as a transitive phrase, made a supper of him last. The story is told at length
1 287-344, though Antiphus is not there mentioned by name. Thrice did Cyclops
SECOND BOOK OF THE ODYSSKV. 25
make a meal of two of the companions of Odysseus. Antiphus was the last of
the six to be eaten. Cyclops promises to eat Odysseus last of all t 309 f.
21. ol [avr] : dative of possessor, referring to Aegyptius. teat : introduces
an enumeration of the sons, where a relative pronoun is naturally looked for,
and one, instead of ' one of whom.' Cf. a 4.
23. ovS' ws : not even thus, although he had so many other sons to help him.
TOV : that son, Antiphus.
24. TOV : objective genitive with the transitive phrase ddicpv x^", mourning
for that son, with pathetic iteration. turcciirev : without an expressed pro-
noun in the dative, publicly spake.
26. Never has either assembly or session of ours been held. OOUKOS : session,
viz. of the ytpovTes, a /3oi/X^, as distinguished from the dyopri, or assembly of the
people.
27. 4 ov : from what time, since. Cf. tic TOV a 74.
28. woe : in this way, i.e. as we are here assembled. See on a 182. TOO-OV :
so strongly, an adverb, like /utXurra with fcdm in 41. See on a 124, 225. " Who
feels such urgent need ? "
29. o'i : equivalent to ruv ot, the relative clause taking the place of a irpo-ye-
veffrtpwv. 30. o-Tporov epxojievoio : of the army's returning. Cf. a 408.
31. OT KT\. : after first learning it himself.
32. Srjtuov : public matter. m<j>ava-KT<u, 6/yopcvei : see on 9.
34. on : relative pronoun, whatsoever, sc. dya86v.
35-79. Telemachus complains to the Ithacan assembly of the conduct of the
suitors.
35. 4>rjn,T] : at the propitious speech. The good wishes of Aegyptius, uttered
in ignorance to whom they were to apply, are regarded as inspired by a deity
and of good omen.
36. CTI : for the metrical length of the final syllable, see on o 203. (j.voivr|<rtv
W : and the longing seized him, really the reason for what precedes, though in
paratactic form. 24.
37. fxt'o-Q d-yopfl : the usual position for the speaker. The wounded Aga-
memnon spoke avrbOev t ZSpt)*, ovS' tv (j.t<r<roi(ru> awwrdj T 77. crKiyirTpov : here
not the property of the prince, but public, kept by the heralds, and placed in
the hands of the one who spoke in the assembly, as a token that he was for a
time invested with a public office. As a badge of lasting public functions, a
private sceptre was borne by kings (B 46), priests (A 15), prophets (X 91), judges
(A 238), and heralds (H 277).
38. Trtirvvfit'va (iT|oea l8ws : i.e. "full of discretion." See on a 428.
40. ovx !K<XS: sc. fort. A 'litotes' ( 19 d). OVTOS av^jp : about whom
you ask (28).
41. os ri - y l P : pointing perhaps to himself, though the first person of the
verb abruptly reveals the secret, as the English cannot do. The scansion must
be | |_w,w. A more probable text is 3s rbv \abv dyeipa.
43. flirw : the subjunctive instead of the optative of 31 is a metrical necessity.
45. ^fiov avToO xp"$ : ee on a 409. o : as in a 382.
26 COMMENTARY.
46. 8oid : supplementary description of Kaicd, two-fold evil. TO fA : as the
one (evil), strictly in apposition with the following words, but best treated as
adverbial, in the first place. Instead of a corresponding rt> 5<f, v e have vvv dt
in 48.
47. Tocr8c<r<riv [rotffde] : these whom I see here. 45 n. <3s : as in o 320.
48. pi^ov : sc. KdKbv, the whole phrase in partitive apposition to ica/cd Soid
45 f. o : relative pronoun referring to Ka.K6i>.
49. diro : adverb with <5X<W [6Xe], kill off, destroy.
50. (iTjTt'pi jxoi KT\. -. 'asyndeton' ( 186), in explanatory apposition with
(te'tfrov KO.K(>V (48).
51. v0dS : i.e. in Ithaca, the home of the two leaders Antinoiis and Eurym-
achus, and of ten other suitors. The rest came from neighboring islands. See
on a 245. %
53. 8vwo-aiTo : might dower, i.e. prescribe the gifts of her suitors, or him-
self bestow dowry gifts upon his daughter, and so betroth her. See on a 277.
Only the favored suitor would enjoy these dowry gifts, and so the whole com-
pany prefer to wanton with the possessions of Odysseus.
54. w : sc. Sovvai. KO ol KT\. -. i.e. KO.I 8s ict ol KT\. and who might meet his
favor. G. 1040 ; H. 1005.
55. ol & : answering to the of fdv of 52, but changing from a relative to a
declarative phrase, but rather they, etc. The particles also help to contrast
il/j.^repov (sc. olicov) with irarpbs O!KOV. ^(lara iravra : all the while. Sometimes
the formula means "all one's life long," and sometimes "forever"; the con-
text decides.
57. clXairivdSovo-iv : cf. a 226.
58. rd 8^ : these things, mentioned in 56 f . iroXXd : predicate, in great
quantities. ri : for fire<rri, is at hand. 58c/J.
60. T)fwis : see on a 397. TOIOI : sc. fl^v, such as Odysseus was. The fol-
lowing infinitive is then explanatory, like d/wpcu. Translate freely we are not
able. TJ Kal TTITO : verily even in that case, i.e. in case I try to defend my
possessions.
61. ov 88aT]KOTs: equivalent to an emphatic ignorant, a ' litotes ' (see on 40).
63. OWK ?TI : construe with avy-^era, like the following ovS' ?n KaXiDs. Unen-
durable at last are the deeds which are wrought, and shamefully at last, etc. 59 c.
64. Kal avroi : ye yourselves also as well as I, a command addressed not only
to the suitors, but to all the Ithacans.
67. jirf) n fiCTao-TptxJ/wo-iv : lest they bring some catastrophe upon you.
68. ZTJVOS : by Zeus. This genitive is really partitive, like yotivuv after the
same verb hi K 481, and like jthe genitives after yowdfoncu. \ 66. It is equivalent
to irpds Zi;v6s (cf. X 67). G. 1101, 3 ; H. 738 b.
69. Assemblies are convened (ica.eiei) to establish right, and dissolved (X&t)
when right has been fixed. Here right is personified and said to convene and
dissolve. Cf. Zeus 5 BHUTTO. K<-Xewe 0eoi>s ayop^vde Ka\tffcra.i T 4.
70. o-x&rflc, fylXoi : refrain, friends, addressed to Ithacans and suitors alike,
the former held guilty with the latter because of their indifference to the wrongs
SECOND BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 27
of Telemachus. olov : alone, free from the persecutions of the suitors. ir^v-
Oc'i : grief for his father.
71. cl p,Vj wov TI : unless forsooth somehow, an ironical assumption of what is
felt to be absurd. Cf. 47.
72. Sv<r|ivt'ci>v : nominative participle, in his ill-will. 'Ax<uovs : of the sub-
jects of Odysseus in general.
73. TWV : i.e. <Sv KO.KUV, genitive of cause. p.e : in a double relation, with
d-jroTivtuevoi and ptfcre. 8w<r|ivtovTs : in your ill-will, echoing Swuevtuv above.
74. TOVTOVS : i.e. the suitors, distinguished from the Ithacaus in general.
75. v|u'as : i-e. the Ithacans, and not the suitors. Ktifi^Xio. n irpopcuriv.rc :
stores and cattle, i.e. all my property.
76. eK KC : the Attic would not use the modal adverb. H. 900 b ; 21 d/3.
Td\a iroTt : some time before long. The people would have no excuse, such
as their wooing now gave the suitors, for living at the expense of the prince,
and would make up to him the cost of their entertainment in the usual way.
77 f. T6<t>pa . . . cs : so long . . . until, a temporal apodosis and protasis.
dird : back, adverb.
79. vvv 8 : see on a 166. 9v\Li : partitive apposition with not, my soul.
They afflict him by their indifference to his wrongs, and active sympathy with
his persecutors. Cf. 74.
80-128. Antinoiis replies by putting the blame on Penelope, and advises
Telemachus to send his mother back to her father' 1 s house, to be given in marriage
from there.
80. irort [irpos] : down, adverb, not a preposition. Y<XT) : locative dative.
22d.
85. (xvos a<rxT : unrestrained in might or temper, here in reproach, but
7 104, of the fighting Achaeans, a complimentary phrase. iroiov Icurcs : what
a speech thou hast made ! See on a 64.
86. fiwjiov dvd\|/ai : sc. ! THJ.&V, fasten shame upon us.
87. <ro : in thy case, i.e. in that of which thou complainest.
88. trtpi KcpSca otScv : is exceedingly crafty. See on a 428. 58 c y.
89. "It is already three years, and soon it will be four." brriv : it is,
of time fully elapsed, equivalent to has gone. So eijc is had gone, in K 469.
cto-i : will go, will be gone, the simple verb denoting departure, not arrival, as
in 367. The fourth year was already well along, according to 107.
90. ov dT(ipi : since she began deceiving.
93. oXXov : besides. See on a 128.
94 f. lo-rdv : the adjectives in the next verse show that this refers here to
the web suspended on the loom. fxe-ydpoio-iv : general term for palace, without
specifying any particular room in it.
96. |j.o : possessive pronoun, nominative plural with /ij^o-r^pes.
97. lirei-yonevoi KT\. : though ye are eager for this marriage with me. tts
o K : until, literally up to what time soever. Cf. els Sre KCV below in 99.
98. jwrajAwvia : predicate with SXTJTCU, come uselessly to naught, as would
be the case if she married and left the web unfinished.
28
COMMENTARY.
99. Ta<Jnf|iov : apposition to <papos 97. els OT KCV : equivalent to ei's r6re
&rav, for ivhat time soecer, against the time when.
101. 'AxcuidSwv : construe with rls. 42 g.
102. KTJTCU : subjunctive, in prose K^TJTGU, of the body lying dead. See on
a 4<i. Its subject is a pronoun referring to Laertes. KTcarUro-as : concessive.
104. Kai : also, i.e. actually, as she had said.
105. VVKTO.S : by night. dXXvto-Ktv : she would ravel it (dva\vw). irapa-
BCITO : optative with tvd in an iterative sense, after setting torches near her. See
on a 101.
107. irVj\v0ov upon : the seasons came on with the coming of spring, and
went off with the closing year.
108. KO.I TOTS S^j : (and) then indeed, close paratactical union of temporal
apodosis with protasis. 24 6. -y vvaiK " v TIS : i.e. one of the female slaves of
Penelope who was in league with the suitors.
PENELOPE AT THE LOOM.
110. TO |Uv : sc. 0apos (97).
113. dir6irjjn|/ov : sena back to her father's house.
114. OTO> : sc. ya.fj.tfff6ai. From the pronoun a 5<rrts is to be taken as sub-
ject of dvSdvei. See on 54.
115. dvifyrei : shall vex, by her delays. The apodosis is not brought out
till 123, and this protasis is virtually repeated in 124 f.
116. o: equivalent to Sri, how that, namely that. 45 g. irfp : adverb,
bountifully.
117. 4>pc'vas o-8\ds : sound sense, accusative parallel to the object-infinitive
118. ola : such as, object of an tiri<rTa.<r6ai to be supplied, of which nvd is
the subject.
119. rdcov at KT\. : amplifies and illustrates ira\ai&v. tjo-av : lived. Cf.
65ros a 289. IvirXoKafiiScs 'AxaiaC : in apposition with the relative a?, instead
of agreeing with rdwv. See on a 23.
SECOND BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 29
120. tv<rT<j>avos : the o-re<pdvi} was a tall diadem of metal. Applied to a
city, the epithet refers to her walls and towers.
121. IlT]vXoiTh] : the abridged comparison, for VO^/JUKTI Ilrivc\oireiris, the
possessor for the qualities possessed. G. 1178; H. 773 b.
122. drdp |iv [A"?"]: but really, introducing a qualification of the praise
given. tva.urip.ov : predicate to TOVTO, this scheme is not a proper one which
she has conceived, or, she did not conceive this scheme wisely. H. 618.
123. eSovToi : they will devour, i.e. the suitors, the vies 'Axatuv of 115, or
the (j.i>T}(TTTjpes of 111, 87. 124. ov riva : whatsoever it is which.
125. avrg : the intensive here serves as reflexive pronoun, for her own self.
127. ?PYO : as in 22. irdpos : anticipating the following trplv, like Trpbrepov
in Attic.
128. avTT|v : she herself, for her part. 'Axaiwv : construe with <, which
depends on ^^0.060.1 understood. The full construction is more readily seen
when the same verse is addressed by Antinoiis directly to Penelope herself.
Then it runs irpiv yt at T< y-fi^aaOan 'Axatwv, 6$ TIS &PKTTOS <r 289.
129-145. Telemachus refuses to send away his mother, and calls on the
suitors themselves to depart, under pain of punishment from Zeus.
130. ov irws <TTI : it is in no way possible.
131. aXXo0i -ya^s : away from home, literally elsewhere in the world, sc.
iffri. For the genitive, see on a 425.
132. wei o / TJ T^OvrjKe : be he alive or dead, strictly a double indirect
question depending on the idea OVK olSa implied in what precedes. Cf. 5 109 f.
KO.KOV : SC. tffTai, of which diroriveiv is the subject. iroXX' dirorivav : pay
a heavy penalty. For the accent of TroXXd, see on a 33.
133. avros KWV : of my own will, contrasting with dticovffav 130. ir|n|/&> :
1 aorist subjunctive, equivalent to the English future perfect.
134. -yap : surely. TOV irarpos : that father of mine, the possibility of
whose return has just been implied in 132. SaCpuv : heaven, denoting hi this
case a divine power of a less distinctly personal form than 0e6s.
135. tpivvs : in Homer the furies not only avenge actual bloodshed, but
punish every crime against the family.
136. W(io-is : see on a 350.
137. tos : so strong are my reasons, for such reasons, therefore. TOVTOV
jivOov : implied in diruffai 130.
138. vnTpos avrwv : your oivn. See on a 7. vt\it<ri'(fra.\. : shrinks from
the blame for your wantonness.
139-145. See on a 374-380.
146-176. An omen afforded by two eagles is interpreted by Halitherses to
portend the speedy return of Odysseus and the death of the suitors.
146. T : for him, i.e. as if to assure an answer to his prayer 6\our9c. Cf. 152.
148 f. Zs : for a while, with demonstrative force, like reus. It is always
pronounced with 'synizesis' except in 78. jitra irvoiffs avt'jxoio : i.e. gliding
along on the wind, with wings outstretched (Tiraivo^vu wrepijyfa-a-ii') and
motionless.
30 COMMENTARY.
150. H&TO-HV: * to the space over the centre of the assembly, as, in 154,
through that over the houses of the city. For the order of words, see 14 n.
151. ^iri8ivr)6vT . . . irvicvd : they circled about and began to flap their wings
rapidly, in contrast to the slow sweep described in 149 f. The adjective is
predicate and adverbial.
152. I8njv, SO-O-OVTO : an aorist is used of the turning of the eyes, an
imperfect of the gaze. 6Xe0pov : cognate accusative, ' and destruction was in
their gaze.' Cf. a 115.
153. Spvt|/a)iV(i> KT\. : the middle has reciprocal force, tearing one another's
cheeks. dp.<|> : on both sides, all around, an adverb, adding distinctness to
Seipds, which is the second object of the participle.
154. Sti<& : to the right, predicate adjective as adverb. The flight was
thus an omen favorable to Telemachus, the last speaker (146). O.VTWV : of the
Ithacans themselves, contrasted by the pronoun with their dwellings.
156. & irep : just what was going to be brought to pass. A plural verb is
used in Homer with neuter plural subject oftener than in Attic. 22 j.
158. otos : emphasizes the superlative implied in ^/c6cao"ro, " was altogether
the best "; cf. Lat. unus with the superlative, and the idiom efs av-f)p. H. 652 b.
159. -yvwvai, ji.v6^<raar6ai : the notion of purpose in the infinitives (to under-
stand, to interpret) passes here into that of mere reference (in understanding,
in interpreting). IvaUripa : sc. a-^para, ominous signs.
160. See 15 /.
162. iri4>avo-KO(i<vos : by way of proclamation.
163. tr^a. KvXivScrai : the metaphor is that of a billow.
164. tov : possessive pronoun.
165. TohrStcro-i : not so general in reference as in 47, but of the suitors only.
166. iroX&riv aXXois : the partisans of the suitors, and their relatives, who
make war on Odysseus after he has taken his vengeance.
167. iroXv irplv : far sooner, i.e. before the predicted calamity comes and
it is too late.
168. Karairavo-o^uv : put a stop to, subjunctive, SC. /j.wi<TTrjpas. Kal avro :
nay (5t) even of their own accord.
171. Kal -yap Ktlvw : and verily for that one, i.e. for Odysseus.
172. "IXiov etcrave'paivov : equivalent to eij'IXtoi' dv^fiaivov. See on a 210.
174. airo : utterly, adverb, with retracted accent because following 6\Arara.
176. rd 8t 8t] KT\. : and lo ! now this is all coming to pass.
177-207. Eurymachus rejects the prophecy of Halitherses with scornful
threats, and renews his demand that Telemachus send Penelope back to her
father.
178 f. fl 8' a-y : 5^ often follows a vocative, where English idiom would
put it before. Nay ! old man, pray come ! go home and do thy prophesying
for thy children.
180. TO.VTO. }iavTvc<r6cu : to serve as prophet in these matters, viz., affairs of
public interest. Construe the infinitive with dpelvuv (dpi). iroXX6v : equiva-
lent to iroXXv, which is not used in Homer for degree of difference.
SECOND B<OK OF THE ODYSSEY. 31
181 f . 8^ re iroXXoC, ov& T irdvres : but though many, yet still not all.
183 f. cis ... ui^eXts : us thou too oughtest to have perished, i e. as I wish
that thou too hadst perished. Cf. a 47. xaTa4>0to-0ai : 2 aorist without vari-
able vowel. 56.
184. OVK o.v . . . d-yoptvts : thou wouldst not (sc. T$ in that case) be prophet-
ically declaring.
185. ov& K . . . avisos : and thou wouldst not be thus goading on. The
optative is clearly parallel to the past tense of the indicative in the preceding
verse. See on a 236. KcxoXupcvov : i.e. already angry enough without your
help.
186. <r$ olKw : for thy house, i.e. to increase thy substance, thine estate.
at K iropTjo-iv : in case he may give thee one, expanding TroTiS^jw.
187. K : adverb with fyew, / will speak out plainly. K<X : (tctitully.
188. iraXaid . . . etSt&s : the phrase describes old age with its stores of
accumulated wisdom, in contrast with veArepov &v8pa. " If thou with all thy
years and wisdom," etc. Cf. 10.
189. irop^dixevos . . . eiroTpvvrjs : with beguiling words iwitest.
190. rTai : it will be, sc. your incitement to wrath.
191. This verse is not found in the best manuscripts. irpfiai : accomplish
his purpose. rtovSc : must refer to the suitors, and eiveKa TZvSe must mean
with reference to these.
192. Owrfjv : a fine, to be paid in cattle or other possessions ; a lilting penalty
for such a mercenary prophet as he is held to be in 186.
193. rCvwv dtrxdXXfls : thou shalt grieve to pay. The idea of result still
prevails in such a relative subjunctive clause. In later Greek, purpose is ex-
pressed, and the verb is hi the future indicative.
194. Iv iroo-iv : sc. rolffdeacri. avr6s : "in my turn/' "for my part,", as
opposed to Halitherses.
195. r\v. possessive pronoun. Is irarpds : sc. 5<S^a or O'IKOV.
196 f. = a 277 f.
198. irpiv : sooner, sc. than Penelope is given again in marriage (196 f.).
199. tfjnrqs : notwithstanding, i.e. in spite of the threats of Telemachus and
the prophecy of Halitherses.
202. [xvOtai : short form for /unseat. 60 f. dKpdavrov : predicate adjec-
tive with viv, equivalent to an adverb, falsely.
203. t<ra : neuter plural adjective as substantive, equalizing, i.e. reparation,
like T/O-IS 76.
204. o<}>pa KV : as in 124. tj -ye : this woman, sc. Penelope.
205. ov -yd|xov : with her marriage, cognate accusative, equivalent to Siarpi-
PTJV ydfjiov. rj|iaTa irdvTa : see on 55.
206. Tiis dprf]s = this one's excellence, i.e. this excellent woman. TT?S is
equivalent to ratfrTjs, and depends on dper^s. In a 2ol f. Penelope says lo
Eurymachus ^ rot t/j.i]v dper^v . . . | wXeffav aOa.va.roi. \ur oXXas : after other
women, i.e. to woo them. See on a 184.
207. as ... Kao-T<i : i.e. our equals in rank and wealth.
32 COMMENTARY.
208-223. Telemachus asks a ship for a voyage to Pylus and Sparta in
quest of Odysseus.
209. 00-01 : sc. elfftv, a strong irdrres. Cf. 119.
210. ravTO : what he had demanded of the assembly, viz. the cessation of
the wooing in his house.
211. fo-ouri : i.e. he has laid his case before them, and they must now decide it.
212. o/y : its interjectional nature is clear from the neighboring plural, 56re.
cfcoo-1. : see on a 280.
213. o'i KC . . . 8iairpVjo-o-o-t : such as may, etc. See on 193.
214. Cf. a 93. ctpi : the present has here the future sense, as regularly
in Attic. 51 f.
215-223. Cf. a 281-283, 287-292.
222. \tvrn : aorist subjunctive as future. 21 b (1).
224-259. Mentor censures the Ithacans for not checking the insolence of the
suitors, but he is roughly rebuked by Leocritus, who adjourns the assembly.
224. TOUTI : dative of interest. 22 g.
225. craipos : in x 209 Odysseus says to Mentor o/wjXiK^ 3<? fju>i &r<n. Mentor
was not therefore an old man.
226. KaC ol [auT(J>): abandons the relative construction of 225.
227. yipovTi : i-e- Laertes, under whose authority Mentor was to carry on
the estate. IfiireSa : predicate adjective.
230. irp6<J>pwv : readily, of his own will.
231. o-KtjiTTovxos POO-U\VS : as sceptred king, supplementary apposition to
T/S. The sceptre is the only badge of royalty in Homer. afo-ipa elStos : predi-
cate after &TTW, and equivalent to afoi/j.os. See on a 428.
233. ws : seeing how, an indirect exclamation, giving a reason for the para-
doxical wish preceding, and so equivalent to since.
234. Xawv : construe with T/S. ira.ri\p KT\. : as in 47.
235 f. (iv^o-Tripas : subject of Updetv, and with it forming the object of
fj^yalpw. KaKoppcuJu-flo-i vooio : with malice aforethought.
237. o-<j>ds : possessive, not personal pronoun, as in a 34. irapOtjuvoi KO,T^-
Sovo-i : the participle holds the main idea. It is at the risk of their lives that
they consume. 24 i. By risking so much the suitors, as it were, win a right
to their insolence, but the rest of the people (239 f.) are neutral and cowardly.
239. vvv &: but really. olov : (seeing) how, an indirect exclamation of
censure, like ws in 233.
241. iravpovs : who are few, predicate adjective, like iro\\ol. I6vrs :
concessive.
243. iroiov cciircs : see on 85.
244. KarairaWpcv : sc. /jLvytTTTjpas, as in 168. Here the context (241) makes
the object plainer.
245. avSpoLon Kal ir\6vo-o-i : for men even more in number. The dative
depends on dp7aX&>'. |iax^|o-ao-9ai : sc. rip.1v. The people outnumber the
suitors (241), but the suitors are more warlike.
246 ff. O.VTOS ir\6wv (uvoivVjo-cu : should come in person and plan.
SECOND M<>OK OF THE ODYSSEY'. 33
249 f. ofi KV oi KtxdpcHTo IXOovri : would not rejoice at his coming. avrov :
right there, with a shade of temporal meaning, like " then and there."
252. Xaol : ye people, in apposition with the subject of ffKlSvaffOc. iirl ipya. .
as in 127.
253. TOVTW : scornfully, of Telemachus. orpvWci : future.
254. dpxTjs : as in a 188.
255. Kal 8T)8<i : even for long time to come. KaOrjiuvos : sifting about in
helpless idleness, instead of making the long journey he threatened 214 ft.
dyycXidcov : tidings brought by others from the places he would vainly try to
visit, as Leocritus thought.
257. aU|/?]prjv : speedily, promptly, a proleptic predicate adjective, "so that
it dispersed quickly." The session closed with the speech of Leocritus, whose
proposition was accepted.
260-295. Telemachus goes apart and prays to Athena, who comes to him in
Mentor's shape, and encourages him with promise of a ship.
261. \ctpas vi\|/d|ivos : so Odysseus before prayer, /u. 330. d\6s : partitive
genitive with j/u/'d^eros, as with verbs of sharing or touching. G. 1097, 1 ; H. 736.
262. o x^itos Sos KT\. : thou who yesterday as a god didst come, i.e. thou god
who yesterday didst come. 59. Cf. a 323, 420.
263. ()K7iv<ras : cf. a 279 fi. 264. Cf. 215, o 94, 281.
265. ra 8 irdvra : but all this, i.e. all that Athena had bidden him do,
263 f. 'Ax<uoC : the Ithacans.
267. <rx860v rj\0v : dreio nigh. The -0ev has lost its original force, as in
6iri6ev 270, tytMev y 36. 269. See on a 122.
270. ovS' 6iri0v KT\. : in the future also (64) thou shalt not be, etc.
271. ct Srj KT\. : if really, i.e. so surely as thy father's blood is in thy
veins ; of a fact. TJW : neuter adjective.
272. otos KT\. : (seeing) what a man he was. See on 239. cp-yov rt liros
re : a poetical formula for " every thing."
274. el 8' ov : an exceptional use of oi> for n-q after el. G. 1383, 2 ; H. 1028.
It qualifies Kdvov rather than the whole phrase.
277. KO.KIOVS, dpeiovs : predicate adjectives, with the shorter form (for tea/d-
oves KT\.), which is rare in Homer.
279. ouSe : continues the force of tirei, and is strengthened by irdyx v 7 e !
and since not at all. irpoXeXoiirev : sc. in the assembly just held. The son
had shown a wisdom like that of his father, who was TroXiV"? 1 "'*-
280. IXirwp^ : sc. fort, the phrase introducing the infinitive Te\(VTrj<rai, there
is hope of thy accomplishing.
281. TO? : therefore. ?a : let be, i.e. mind not.
282. d4>pa5'u)v : in the emphatic supplementary position ; " thoughtless fel-
lows that they are."
283. to-atriv : are they aware of.
284. os : takes up the main idea, ddvaros. Itr' 7]|iaTi : on a single day, like
i'< TJfj.ari. Here iravraj suggests the contrasting numeral. oXcVOcu : infinitive
of purpose, for their perishing. Cf. a 138.
34 COMMENTARY.
286. TOIOS : such, so powerful, viz. as to make good the preceding promise.
craipos irarptoios : cf. 225. 287. 05: I who, i.e. since I.
288 f. 6p(\ci : continue thine intercourse with, present imperative ; butaorist
imperatives are used in the following verse of beginning a new enterprise.
289. TJia : neuter plural substantive.
294. rdwv : partitive genitive with (TV) *7 ra dplffrri (fffrlv), which is equiva-
lent to rijv dplffTjjv. See on a 280.
295. 4Wj<ro(wv : sc. vrja. 296. tn S^jv : 62 h /3 .
296-336. The suitors mock Telemachus when he declares that he will make
the journey after all.
297. irapl|ii|j,vcv : sc. on the sea-shore (260), by Mentor-Athena.
299. Cf. a 106. (u-ydpoicriv : the plural denotes the palace with all its
parts, including the atX^ (300). The other parts are distinguished by Sa/j.a and
6d\afw*- 301. TT)\|idxoio : construe with 106s. G. 1148 ; H. 757.
302. ^v . . . x l P' : literally, within he grew for him in the hand, i.e. warmly
did he grasp his hand. Vergil has excepitque manu, dextramque am-
plexus inhaesit Aen. viii. 124. ros . . . ovojiai^v: spake a word and called
upon him. 15 c.
303 f. See on 85. jx^ TI aXXo KO.KOV : let no evil else, i.e. instead of the eat-
ing and drinking urged in 305. See on a 128. epvov, Jhros : no deed or word,
apposition with KO.K(>V. " Plan no evil at all against us; only eat and drink."
305. eo-0u'n 6v ) mWjwv : infinitives as imperatives.
306. rawra : i.e. your wishes, explained by the following verse. pdXa :
emphasizes irdvra, one and all.
307. vqa KT\. : ' epexegesis. ' 15 d. Odcra-ov : right swiftly, the "abso-
lute " use of the comparative. H. 649 a.
308. (wrd : in Q^est of. Cf. 206, a 184.
311. aKt'ovra, EKI]\OV : SC. e/^.
312. rj OUK &\is s : is it not enough that, etc. The first two words are pro-
nounced with synizesis. 28.
313. K-Hjiiora, p,vT)a-Ti)ps : both in emphatic supplementary apposition with
what precedes, my possessions, ye suitors.
314 f. oXXwv . . . <imv0civo|xai : hear and understand the speech of others, i.e.
the conversation and deliberations of his elders.
316 f. w(i(i,i [vfuv] : dative with M (adverb) t^\<a. Kaxds Kfjpas : i.e. Odvarov.
The two are joined in 352 (cf. 283).
317. oArow : right here. Cf. 250.
318. fie'v : i.e. fi^v, verily. d\ir\ KT\. : he has the assurance of 273.
319. c|iiropos : emphatic from its position; "even though it be as a mere
passenger, instead of on my own ship."
320. <3s vv irou : so now I suppose, with irony.
321. TJ pa KCU : he spake so and, a formula of transition from speech to action.
324. coSc 8^ TIS etirto-Kt : and thus one and another would say.
327. r\ o -y : yes, or he will. See on a 4. vv ircp : just now. &TCU
he is dreadfully in earnest.
SECOND BUOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 35
329. Cf. a 261.
330. *v : adverb, with /3dXj?. He will add the poison to the drink in the
mixer. See on 80.
331. oXXos : many another, collective in meaning, lilce rij 324.
332. TS 6' otS' tt KC : and who knows but that perhaps, concealing a wish.
334. OVTW : in that way, much like T in that case. ir6vov : with insolent
irony. Odysseus dead, they must care for his wife ; Telemachus dead, they
would have to divide up his inheritance.
336. 6's TIS : sc. Tofa-tf) as antecedent.
337-381. Telemachus commissions JEurydeia the stewardess to make provision
for his journey.
337. 0o.Xajj.ov : used here not of the women's apartment, as usual (see on
299), but of one of the smaller rooms in the rear part of the house, a store-
room.
338. 081: for the quantity of the final vowel, see on tvl a 27. vrjTds : predi-
cate With %KLTO.
340. 4v : therein, adverb. irCOoi : the largest form of pottery, for storage
purposes. Such have been found in the magazines of Tiryns and Ilios. A irl6os
was the "tub" of Diogenes.
342. tt iroT : in case ever. See on a 94.
343. KCU (jLo-yrjo-as : even though after suffering.
344. ire<rav : sc. 6a\&n<?, it had closed doors. apapviai : this participle,
with or without the adverbs TTVKIV&S or eu, is a stock epithet of good workmanship.
346. rx' : i.e. o-Ke, stayed. Cf. 59. v6ow iroXv'iSpcC'go-iv : with intelligent
wisdom. The plural of the abstract noun denotes repeated exercises of the
quality. H. 636 a. Cf. 236, a 7. 347 = a 429.
349. a<J>vo-crov : draw off from the storage iriOot (340), into vessels of transport.
Cf. 290.
350. r6v : demonstrative antecedent of Sv, with /wri-d next to that. Xapwra-
TOS : SC. tcrrl.
351. oio^vii : thinking of, i.e. intending it for. ct 2X8oi : as in 342 f., the
<t>v\6.ff<rets implying past time also.
353. (j.irXt]<rov : aorist imperative.
354. Cf. 290 f . ^v : adverb with x f v v i P our ou t-
355. |AwXri4a,Tov dX<j>(rov aKTfjs : of mill-crushed barley-meal. This phrase
simply expands &\<J>ITO., and distinguishes the cracked from the whole gram
(ot\al y 441).
356. to-0i : imperative of oT5a. dOpoa : predicate to irdvra, after Ter^x&u.
359 f. Cf. 214 f., a 93 f.
363. TITT & : now why in the world? A reproachful question. <j>Xe r6c-
vov : the adjective conforms to the real, not the grammatical gender. G. 921 ;
H. 633.
364. irjj : how ? or why ? not whither ? for he had told her that. iroXXrjv
&irl yo.iav : " the wide world over. "
365. jxovvos ^wv a-yewniTos : only and well-beloved son that thou art.
36 COMMENTARY.
367. ol & : the suitors. ai-rlic' lovri : as soon as thou art gone.
368. rdSc . . . Sao-ovrai : cf. 335.
369. dXXd jw'v' avifli KT\. : so stay thou here in quiet possession of thine
(estates). 372. ftavX^j : plan, the v6rnia of 363.
374. irpCv / T ' * v : before when, i.e. until. cvStKan] : sc. i]/j.tpa., for which
^A"p is more usual in Homer. The phrase designates an indefinite time of con-
siderable length, like ' a week or ten days. '
375. iroOcVai : sc. irplv. a<j>op|ir]0tvTos : sc. ipav, of my departure. See on
a 289. 376. icard : adverb with lAvr-g.
377. Otwv p'-yav 6'pKov : i.e. the oath by Earth, Heaven, and the Styx, which
the gods themselves used. airupw : swore that she would not tell Penelope.
378. 6(jtoo-v T TeXcvrrio-^v re : had sworn and finished, i.e. had sworn to the
end. See on 9.
381. Cf. 288. opCXciv : imperfect, 3 person singular, with -v movable. 33 k.
382-404. Athena secures a ship and a crew, and summons Telemachus to the
harbor.
382. aXXo : sc. v6rj/j.a ; with ivfnf<re conceived another purpose.
383. siKula : of four syllables, with short stem in the feminine, the mascu-
line being &UKWJ. Cf. (5tis) idvla a 428. 52 g.
384. cKao-TO) 4>wr( : sc. of the twenty whom she selected. Cf. 212, 292.
385. rircpiovs : in predicate agreement with avrofa suggested by e/cdo-ry <f>uri.
dvti'Y lv : S66 n 6fit\ftv 381.
389. ctpvo-e : sc. NoiJ/uwv. The ship was shoved bow first into the water.
390. oirXa : rigging, including mast, sail, ropes, etc. TO, rt : see on a 338.
391. <rri]<r : moored, by means of anchor-stones cast out sea-wards from
the bow, and stern-cables (irpvuv-fjffia. 418) fastened to the shore.
395. ir : adverb with %xw ( 51 g). See on a 364.
396. irXat* : bewildered the wits of the revellers. The natural results of their
carousal are ascribed to the special intervention of the goddess.
397. ev&civ : to go to their sleep, equivalent to Uvai KaraKeloiTe* a 424.
398. clW : here for ela.ro, in 403 for efarat. ciriirrtv : settled, imperfect.
400. 4v vauraovrcov : comfortable, good to live in. See on a 404.
403. 4ir^pT|ioi : predicate adjective equivalent to &r' Iper/xots. This is
friendly exaggeration (cf. 408), to increase his haste.
404. dXXd : so, as in 369. lojwv : subjunctive, with short variable vowel.
Sia,Tp(p<i>|jLcv : sc. eralpovs, with genitive of separation.
405-434. The manning of the ship, and her departure.
406. JWT tx via : after the footsteps, i.e. in them.
409. Upt] Is TTjXtfiaxoio : the sturdy strength of, i.e. the sturdy and strong
Telemachus. 19 e. 412. aXXat : besides, either. See on a 128.
416. av : dvd, adverbial, on board. 32. vr)6s : locative genitive with ftaivw.
417. irpvpvfi : adjective with partitive force, the hinder part, i.e. the deck at
the stern.
419. 4wl KXT)irL : at the thole-pins. The oar was loosely fastened by a leather
thong to a single pin standing upright in the gunwale of the boat.
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 37
423. 6'irXwv &irro-0ai : bear a hand at the tackle, i.e. "make sail."
425. o-Ttjo-av dcipavrcs : lifted and set the mast in the iffroirtdi) or mast-box.
Kara : adverb, fast. irpoTovowri : fore-stays, the two ropes extending from
the mast-top to either side of the prow. Were the process fully described, per-
haps the twirovos or back-stay would also be mentioned. This was not so impor-
tant a part of the tackle, and might even be dispensed with, since the mast-box
and the sail-ropes kept the mast from falling over forwards.
426. \KOV : hoisted, equivalent to dvd irtraffffav A 480. UrrCa : of a single
sail.
427. |i^<rov : with partitive force, the bellying sail. d^i : on both sides,
adverb.
428 f. = A 482 f. <rrttptj : locative dative. irop<|>vpcov : foaming. Cf.
wopQvpw to boil or bubble up. The epithet does not describe color primarily, but
the glancing, changing effect on the eye of water in commotion. The same effect
was afterwards noticed in the color purple. VTJOS IOVO-TJS : still dependent
on ffreipri, but approaching the freedom of the genitive absolute construction.
22 //3. 429. Kara Kvjia : with the waves, i.e. "before the wind."
430. 8t]o-ajvot 6'irXa : making fast the tackle, "belaying all."
431. iri<TT<j>as : see on a 148.
434. T|W : accusative, through the dawning ; iravvvxtij is thus seen to be equiva-
lent to ira.<rav VVKTO.. 59. There is no break in thought between this book and
the one which follows, but rather the closest paratactic connection. The division
of Iliad and Odyssey into books was an arbitrary one, for convenience, like that
of the New Testament into chapters and verses. ircipt : the continuous action
denoted by the imperfect comes to its close in the aorists di>6povfff, ll-ov (y 1, 5),
when the sun rose and they came, etc.
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
The Third Book comprises the events of three days, the third, fourth, and
fifth in the chronology of the poem. It describes the visit of Telemachus to
Nestor at Pylus. 11 c.
1-66. The arrival of Telemachus and Athena at Pylus, and their hospitable
reception there.
1. XC|ivT)v : here a part of Oceanus, thought of as the resting-place of Helius,
from which he rises in the morning, and into which he sinks at night. Usually
it is the dawning of the day which the poet describes, as in 1.
2. iroXvxoXicov : this epithet, like xa^eos and <rt5^eoj, shows that the firma-
ment was thought of as a fixed metallic dome.
5. tov : Attic &<f>imrro, an aorist of the ' mixed ' formation. 51 h. It
describes their arrival off Pylus ; their landing is described in 10 f . rol 8^ :
the people implied in Uv\ov and irTo\if0pov.
38
COMMENTARY.
6. irajxnAavos : as offerings to the god of the deep dark sea, who is himself
dark-haired (Kvavox^v)- Of the same color were also the victims for the
deities of the lower world.
7. fSpai : ranks or rows of seats, as in 31. Their number was the same as
that of the cities in the realm (B 591 ff.).
8. irpovxovro : were presenting for sacrifice. For the infrequent ' crasis,'
see 29. iKdoroOi : i.e. at each ?5pa. This is the largest sacrifice described
in Homer, a Messenian national ceremony.
9 f. 8 ' (eDre) ol, ol & : just as these, then these. &ir( : thereon, an adverb
with ticaiov. The mind readily supplies j3w/xois. It is often impossible to give
briefly in English the exact force of these adverbial prepositions.
10 f . I0vs KaTa-yovTo : put straight in, towards the landing-place. The oppo-
site of KaTayea-Oai is avdyeffOai, put out to sea, as in A 478. <TTiXav deipavres :
took out and stowed away both mast and sail (IffrLa), the reverse of /3 425.
TTJV 8' wppio-av : they made her fast, the same as arrive 391.
14. ov (xfv o- xp^i : thou surely hast no need. See on a 124.
15. itai : actually, emphasizing the whole sentence. irir\us : 56.
16. irarpis : about thy father, the anticipated object and subject of the fol-
lowing sentences. H. 878.
18. tlSopcv : subjunctive of olSa. with short mode-vowel, let us know.
19 f. X.uro-o-6cu : infinitive as imperative. avrds : thyself. vrjiuprla : the
truth, i.e. the whole truth, without concealment or softening ; he would not
of course concoct a falsehood.
fa r UTTTUV &\\a T Zireipov (v. 33),
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 39
22. Trpoo"jrTt>gop,ai : subjunctive of deliberation in a question of appeal, like
fw. G. 1358 ; H. 866, 3.
24. atSws: sc. la-rL It is a shame, i.e. it is shameful. See on a 350.
28. ov: repeats with emphasis what immediately precedes, "no indeed I do
not." yv&r0eu KT\. : wert born and bred.
29 f . = j3 405 f .
31. eryvpiv : gathering of any kind, while &yop-fi is rather a formal deliber-
ative assembly. Cf. lv v^Civ dytpei 141.
33. Jhmpov : sc. <5/3e\o?<n, as in 462.
35. x^P ^ KT ^- ' clasped their hands in welcome.
39. This was the seat of honor, between king and crown-prince. irarlpt :
the case-ending is of varying quantity. 39.
40 f. v : adverb, with locative dative following. SuSi<rK<Spcvos : akin to
deiKvvfj.1, dico, digitus. A gesture of welcome was made in proffering the full
beaker.
42. 'AOrivafyv : i.e. the seeming Mentor. A divinity is urged to pray.
44. TOV KT\. : strongly emphatic from its position, it is this one's feast even
that ye have chanced upjn in your coming hither.
45. veai: 1 aorist subjunctive with short mode-vowel, equivalent to the
English perfect or future perfect in translation. f 8e'|us <TTIV : as is right.
The relative is attracted from the neuter into the gender of the predicate sub-
stantive. 0<f/uis is right as sanctioned by usage. See on /3 69.
46. TOVTW : Telemachus. 48. eiixtwOcu : is wont to pray.
49. vetorepos : sc. <roO.
52. dvBpt : dative of cause. The reason for Athena's delight is really con-
tained in the attributives at the spirit and good breeding of the man.
53. ot : accented for emphasis in contrast. So <rot in 50.
54. iroXXd : fervently, cognate accusative in adverbial relation. 22 b.
56. TJJUV : dative of advantage with TeXeirr^at, which depends on fj&y/ipys.
Cf. /3 235 f . rdSe Ip-ya : explained by what follows.
59. Ka.T6[ip-qs : genitive of price or value with d/Mi^v, recompense for the
hecatomb.
60. CTI : further, i.e. " thirdly," corresponding to irpuriffra (57), tireim (58).
irp^jgavTo, : agrees with the principal subject TijX^/iax "- Its object, the
antecedent of the relative clause following, is omitted. G. 1026 ; H. 996. The
main idea lies in the participle, may accomplish before going. 24 i.
61. ovveKa: wherefore, i.e. that for the sake of which. fuXaCvr): the epithet
has come to form one idea with its substantive, and the whole then takes a
second epithet 0orj. 15.
62. eirciTa : at that time, with temporal reference to what precedes, as in
a 106. avTTj KT\. : as Mentor she prayed, as Athena she answered the prayer.
64. <5s 8' avTws : and in the same way. 45 h.
65. (nr^prepa : outer meats, in distinction from cnrXdvx" (40) =viscera.
pv<ravTO : sc. ^ 6f3e\&v.
67-101. Telemachus tells Nestor who he is and on what errand he is come.
40 COMMENTARY.
67= a 150.
69. KaXXiov : fairer than it would have been before showing the strangers
hospitality.
72. TJ, tj : two independent questions. Kara irpfjiv : on business. The
opposite is /card \r)tSa 106.
73. old re : just like, equivalent to uvirep. \T)io-TT]pcs : piracy was not
uncommon, and not so dishonorable as in later times.
74. 4fv\as irap0'(voi : see on ft 237.
77. 6tJx': fOr/Kt. |iv : the rbv of 75, Nestor.
78 = a 95. The verse is wanting here in many, including the best MSS.
81. virovTjfov : equivalent to vwt> Nij/v a 18(3. Cf. tin?ipeT/ju>i ft 403. 59 ft.
Ithaca was dominated, as it were, by this range of mountains.
82. I8t) : predicate. 83. K\COS wpv : widespread report.
86. oXXovs : personal object of irev66/j.e()a, anticipated ('prolepsis') from the
relative clause following, where the more special form KCWTOS takes its place.
90 f . ct T, ct T : whether, or, partitive exposition of dinrdQi.
92. TCI o-oi -yovvaO' iKavopai : figuratively, of a suppliant's visit. Telemachus
does not actually clasp Nestor's knees.
94 f. aXXow, ir\aj;o|Avov : from another, of his (Odysseus') wanderings, the
first a genitive of source, the second an objective genitive with (j.v6ov.
95. ir^pi : beyond others, adverb ; with the proleptic predicate adjective
6t[vp6v, to exceeding sorrow.
96. (i* atS6|ivos : out of regard for my feelings. jj.T]S' eXecUpcav : and do not
do so out of pity, the second negative, like the first, belonging with the impera-
tive rather than the participle.
97. 6'irws TJvnio-as oirwirijs : as thou didst get sight (either of his death or of
those who saw him die), "according to your actual personal experience,"
explaining e$ honestly.
98 ff . el trort . . . efjT'\o-<rv : if ever at all in word or deed my father fulfilled
his promises to thee; equivalent to an adjuration, " by all the aid my father gave
thee." It is resumed by the rG>v . . . /xi^o-cu of 101, "by this, I say."
100. trd(rxT : imperfect.
101. TWV . . . jivfjo-ai : bethink thee now I pray of this, apodosis to 98 ff.
102-200. Nestor tells Telemachus of the hardships before Ilios, and of the
return of many of the Achaeans, but has no knowledge of the fate of Odysseus.
103. lirti : since, introduces a reason for giving the following story, but its
proper apodosis is lost sight of in the relative clauses. A virtual apodosis may
be found at 108. 104. p,vos ao-xerot : see on ft 85.
105 ff. Tjnev b<ra KT\., t|S' oao KT\. : explanatory of oiftfos yv a^r\rnj.ev, the
first still dependent on &vtr\rinev, the second a cognate accusative with napvd-
fjuffa, " all our sufferings and all our fightings."
106. 6'irn apgeicv : wherever Achilles led, iterative optative. These predatory
excursions of Achilles are alluded to in A 163 ff. , Z 414 ff . , 1 328 ff.
108. 6V(rot apto-Tot : much like the idiom maximi quique = oinnes
magni.
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 41
109 ff. ?v0a, tv0a, ?v0a : rhetorical repetition ('anaphora'), in partitive
illustration of 108. Atas : when no epithet is used the Telamonian Aias is
usually meant. His suicide was described in the 'IXtds Mwcpd of Lesches (cf.
X 543-564); the death of Achilles, in the AlOioiris of Arctinus. The death of
Patroclus forms the subject of II, that of Antilochus is alluded to in 5 188, and
was also described in the KWioirls. 3 d. The same quartet of heroes appears
in X 467 ff.
110. 6e64>iv : equivalent to 0eots, dependent on drdXavTos.
112. irepC : adverb, strengthening rax^s, on which fatetv depends.
113. irl TOIS : besides these evils.
115 f. ov8' d . . . cgcptois : some such conclusion to this condition as " could
I finish the tale " is suggested by the question in 113 f. ical egaercs : the Eng-
lish uses a disjunctive or. 24 g.
117. irpCv: sooner, i.e. ere the tale were ended. avujOcts: wearied by the
length of the story. Cf. a 133.
118. pdirro(iv : imperfect. Homer does not use the ' historical present. '
21 h, i.
119. T&.oro- : sc. Kaicd. Zeus at last brought to pass the disasters which
the Achaeans devised against their foes.
120. nfjriv: accusative of specification. oiioiwO^fxevcu avrqv: to vie with
him face to face.
121. VKO. : was superior, excelled.
123. o-t'pas n' X" : tae modern man possesses and sways his feelings. The
Homeric man is possessed and swayed by them.
124. TJ TOI Yap : yes, in very truth, introducing a reason for his acceptance
of the claim of Telemachus. toiKores : fitting, seemly, as might be expected of
the son of so wise a man as Odysseus. ov8^ K 4>a(T|s : and thou wouldst not
think, sc. the ideal second person, any hearer.
126. tl'ws : for a while, see on /3 148.
127. d-yopfj, povXfj : assembly of the soldiers, germ of the modern Lower
House ; council of the chiefs, germ of the modern Upper House or Senate.
128. v6o>, pov\fj : judgment, counsel, datives of manner.
129. 'Ap-ytCowrtv : dative of advantage ; we considered in behalf of the
Argives, how the very best might be done.
132. Kal r6-rt Srj: see on (8108. The conclusion naturally expected here
after 126-129, viz. "then we lost sight of each other," is hinted at in \vyphv
v6<TTov, but not fully expressed till 162 ff., after a description of the general
separation of all the Achaeans.
134. T: therefore. 45fc.
135. (rrjvios : in consequence of the wrath of Athena, because Aias the
Locrian violated Cassandra in the temple of Athena at Ilios, and was not
punished for it by his companions. Cf. Verg. Aen. ii. 403 ff.
137. & : with Ayop^v.
138. s : for, of a time fixed definitely in the future. H. 796 b. The time
chosen for the assembly here was not in itself improper (though the usual
42
COMMENTARY.
time was the forenoon), but only under these particular circumstances. The
Achaeans, flushed with their victory, had drunk too deeply, as the parenthetical
verse 139 states.
140. |u>6ov (iu9eio-9T|v rov IveKa : told the tale (i.e. explained) why. They
'stated the object of the meeting.'
142. iir\ vwra: follows the idea of motion in the verbal substantive
CASSAITOBA (v. 135).
143. ovSt wdjiirav : but not at all.
145. r6v : demonstrative, referring to 135.
146. v^jmos: the fool! see on a 8. 6 : equivalent to 6ri. 45 7.
147. -ydp rt -. like n am que. atya : emphatic.
150. 8x a povVfj : i.e. their favor was divided between the plan of
Menelaus and that of Agamemnon, both plans found favor with them.
151. x a ^ ir( * : hostilities.
152. ir : against us. inject KO.KOIO : a woe of evil, periphrasis for irrj/jm KOLK^V.
153. 01 }Uv : our party, in apposition with the subject
154 -ywaiKas: i.e. captive Trojans.
155. ipT\Tvovro (it'vovres : remained patiently.
157. T)|i(<res: the oZ /JLV of 153. cXavvOfxcv : SC. p^
160. Uptvoi : causal, giving the motive of the offering.
161. wfxrcv tin, : roused against us. The adverb suffers ' anastrophe ' in
spite of the intervening Ka/c^v, in order to make it apparent that it has no
relation to the following deurepov. Sevrtpov av0is : a second time again, with
reference to 136.
163. A parenthetical verse, explaining ol ptv above, the party of Odysseus
the crafty. The Attic idiom is ol irepL nva.
164. fcirt: adverb with 0<fpoir, bringing forward, proffering.
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 43
166. 8 : equivalent to 8n, as in 146. Satptv : see on /3 134.
167. wpac : sc. favyetv.
168. oi|/t St 8tj : and lo ! at last. Menelaus had quarreled with Agamemnon
(136 f.), then with Odysseus (161 ff.), and had then been abandoned by Nestor
and Diomedes, in whose path he at last sets out.
169. tiaxtv : sc. vS>i or ^uSs, with which opuaivovras is in predicate agree-
ment. 8oXi\ov irXoov : sc. from Lesbos across the sea to their homes, in con-
trast with the shorter trips from Troy to Tenedos and Lesbos.
170 ff. : Ka0v7rtp0, vire'vepOt : above, below, i.e. to the westward or eastward,
as farther out on the ' high' sea, or nearer the low-lying coast.
171. vf\<rov tin. : in the direction of, and so in a general sense toward the
island, where we expect rather ?rapd -r^v vrj<rov, along past. This course would
take them most directly across to Geraestus on Euboea (174, 177). avr^jv :
Chios itself, the larger island, north-westward of which the smaller *vplt) lay.
The course would lie between the two islands. tV dpurrtpd : neuter plural
adjective as substantive.
172. This course would be longer, but more sheltered.
174. Stilt : a mere variation on (pijvai, shewed us a sign as we prayed,
and thereby ordered (-fivdryft) us.
176. tir: adverb with wpro, there came on to blow (di^terai). The interven-
ing <? prevents anastrophe. See on 161.
176. ai 8^ : sc. ^ej, as in 157.
178. Kard-yovro : see on 10.
179. tir: adverb with e0e/iec, placed on his altar, i.e. offered up. Cf. 9.
(AtTp^cravTts : causal.
180. TtYpaTov rjnap : on the first day they came to Tenedos (159), on the
second to Lesbos, on the third to Geraestus (177). "Ap-yt'i : here the city at
the head of the Argolic gulf, with its port, the later Nauplia.
182. txov : held on my course, with or without VTJO.S expressed.
183. ^irtl ST| irpwra : when once, the prose tirei &ira.
184. dirw0TJs : active, without tidings. Cf. 88. otSa : of knowledge from
personal experience.
185. KtCvuv : i.e. irepl icelvwv. The pronoun refers to those who remained at,
or returned to Ilios (162 ff.).
187. 11 0t'(iis t"<rr : see on 45. The clause here qualifies the following verb.
Sa.T]creai : 54 e.
189. a-yt : Ifye. 'Ax^Vnos v!6s : i.e. Neoptolemus.
193 f. 'ArpttStjv : anticipated object of the main verb, instead of subject of
^X0e ('prolepsis,' H. 878). Cf. 86, 8 832. v<S<r<f>iv tovrts: concessive.
194. s : now. fj\0 : came home, like i\6^v 188.
195. d\\' f TOI . . . y.lv -. but verily now . . . indeed, as in 236. dirtVio-cv:
paid vengeance, MVaro 197 exacted vengeance from (with accusative), and abso-
lutely 203.
196. ws d-ya06v: what a good thing it is! KCU iraiSa XiirtVOai : that a son
too survive. The ical simply marks faint contrast between father and son.
44 COMMENTARY.
197. Kal KCIVOS : that son also, the famous Orestes. Here the ical emphasizes
the special case which illustrates the general principle.
198-200 = a300-302.
201-238. Nestor and Telemachus converse about the suitors, about the possi-
bility of punishing them, and about the return of Odysseus.
203. Kal \li\v : see on a 46. KCIVOS : as in 197.
204. vpv : predicate, far and wide. Contrast 83. K<XI ecro-ojievoicrL in>0t-
crflai : for posterity also to hear of.
205. at Y&P : introduces a wish, utinam. Svvapiv ircpiOeicv : compass with
power, as with a buckler. Cf. twifi/j.tvov dX/c^v, i214, dad in strength.
206. T(o-oo-6ai : that I might punish, infinitive of purpose. vircppao-C^s :
genitive of cause.
209. irorpl . . . Ifioi : an affectionate extension of the simple fwi of 208.
vvv Be* : see on a 166. TtrXa^uv [rerXdvai] : to be submissive, perfect infinitive
with force of present continuance. pin]s: i.e. in spite of my desire for
vengeance.
211. ravTo, ji = the double accusative with dva/M/j.v/iffKu occurs only here.
Cf. 101. Kal JUiires: and speakest of them, equivalent in the redundancy of
Epic formula to elirwi* by speaking of them, " by what thou sayest."
215. Iirio-ir6(i.voi KT\. : following a god's voice as expressed by the mouth of
a prophet interpreting an omen.
216. TS . . . t K : see on 0332. <r|>C : dative of interest, instead of geni-
tive with /3Jas. 22 g. eXOuv : treat as a parallel verb, will come and .
217. 'AxaioC: i.e. the warrior companions of Odysseus, supposed to be still
alive.
218. t -yap : introduces a wish, like at ydp 205. 4>i\mv : shew love for one,
favor by direct assistance. Cf. va.piffTa.ro 222. 220. Cf. 100.
223. el : resumes the wish first introduced by el ydp 218.
224. T$: in that case, supposing the wish fulfilled. TIS : many a one.
icaC : actually, with ironical emphasis of the following word. With Athena's
aid even Telemachus alone might punish the suitors.
226. ow irw: in no way, differing from 221 (not yet).
227. a-yr) ji* x l : see on 123.
228. eXiro^vw : contains the main thought ; " I do not expect that this can
come to pass." rd : refers to 216 f., 223 f.
230. See on a 64.
231. <ra<rai : can bring home safe, simple potential optative without &i>, as
in 319. G. 1332 ; H. 872 e ; 21 e.
232 ff. Kal . . . (xo-y^o-as : even though after suffering. This concessive par-
ticiple contains the main idea in the contrast to diro\t<r6ai (234). Translate: to
suffer . . . before coming home . . . rather than to come home and perish.
235. viro : construe with AiyL<r6oio and d\6xoio, and treat d6\<p as dative of
manner. 238 = /3 100.
239-328. Nestor tells Telemachus the manner of Agamemnon's death.
240. KijS6|Acvo( irtp : however much concerned about them. 243. tiros : matter.
THIRD BUOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 45
244. ircptoiSc aXXwv : = wepl d\\ui> oUe. Cf. a 66.
245. rpls dvd|ao-0ai -yt'vta: thrice has been chieftain through generations, i.e.
has been chieftain for three generations. Cf. jiera 5^ rpirdrotinv Avaatrev A 252.
246. us TC : like, as in a 227.
249. OVT$ : Agamemnon himself, contrasted with Menelaus.
250. ircl KT\. : gives a reason for assuming that treachery must have been
used.
251. "Ap-yeos : anywhere in Argos, the genitive expressing vague local relation.
'AXOUIKOV : distinguishes Feloponnesian from Thessalian Argos (Ile\a.<ryiK6i>).
252. tir" dvOptoirovs : "over the world." 6 Sc KT\. : a paratactic clause,
where the English would express result, that so he (Aegisthus) plucked up
courage to slay him.
254. d\T|0la : predicate adjective with adverbial force.
255. KaiTos: = Kai avr6s, a rare crasis. 29. otcou: thou conjecturest, vv.
249-252.
258. Tt[> : in that case, as in a 239. 4ir : adverb with fx evav > whose subject
is the Achaeans.
259. KaT'8a\|/av : also modified by the K of 258.
260. ao-Tos: i.e. Mycenae (305).
261. "AxaudSwv : professional mourning women. For the patronymic
form, see 42 g. |*y a : m unfavorable sense, rash, outrageous.
262. KiOi: i.e. before Ilios.
263. T](u8a: in military metaphor. So in English, 'we lay.' H-^X'P
"Ap-yeos: i.e. at the head of the Argolic gulf, in the interior of Peloponnesus.
264. iroXXd: greatly. See on 54. OlX-yco-xc : strove to begu He.
265. TO irplv (Uv : at the first, marking a period brought to a close by 8re
Si, KT\. 269.
266. 8ia : heavenly, in purely formal manner, of noble birth. cf>peo-\ KT\.
she had a good heart.
267. doiSos dv/jp : a bard-man, attributive apposition. H. 626 a. So often
with yvv/i.
269. fx(v: i.e. Clytaemnestra. Sa|if)vai: so that she was subdued.
270. a-ywv: sc. A^t^^os.
272. cOc'Xcov tO^Xovo-av : desiring what he desired. 166. ovSc S6)iovSc :
see on a 83. The home of Aegisthus was in Argolis, near Mycenae.
274. d-ydXpara : defined by what follows.
275. iifya, tp-yov : his difficult task, the seduction of Clytaemnestra. 8:"
SC. tKTe\foeiv.
278. Ip6v : because consecrated to Poseidon and Athena. The marble pil-
lars of a ruined temple of Athena still crown the brow of the promontory.
280. A formula to describe a sudden, painless death, sent upon men by
Apollo, or upon women by. Artemis, in contrast to a painful death from wounds,
hunger, or disease.
283. Kvf&pvfjo-cu : infinitive used as accusative of specification. 6ir6r KT\. :
whenever winds blew high, the optative expressing frequency.
46 COMMENTARY.
284. 6 |i^v : only Menelaus halted, Nestor continued on his way.
285. Krlpca : see on a 291.
287. MaXciduv : the singular occurs in t 80. 40 d. Malea was the Cape
Horn of ancient navigation.
288. l| 0&ov : came on his run, usually of the ship (281) rather than the
sailor.
289. lirt : forth over the sea, adverb with xeCev.
290. ircXwpia KT\. : the predicate adjective is proleptic after rpo^ovro, were
rolling into monsters, mountain-high. For the plural verb with neuter plural
subject, cf. iaav, 298. 22 j.
291. 8ia.T(iT|as : sc. rds i^as. rds (J^v : resumed in 297 by ai ptv, with which
T&J Tttine (299) contrasts. !ir&.o<r<rv : sc. Zetfs.
ORESTES SLAYING AEGISTHTTS (v. 307).
293. <m 8^ TIS : an epic formula for introducing local description. Cf.
Vergil's est locus, est procul. alima ls a\a : steep (jutting) into the sea.
295. O-KCUOV pov : a westerly headland.
296. ^s 4>awrr6v : as far as, or towards Phaestus, a town between Gortys
and the sea to the west, some two or three miles from the shore. The sea
dashed its spray inland, but its billows were stayed by the rocky headland.
fUKpos : with concessive force, low as it is. XWos : the irtrpi) (293) or ptov (295).
297. evfla: i.e. around the western end of the island and along the coast as
far as the territory of Gortys.
299. rds trivrt : the (other) five, contrasted with rds ptv 291 = al ntv 297.
301. 6 ji^v : i.e. Menelaus. .
303. ravra Xvypd : including now the murder of Agamemnon.
304. ScSptTjro : was in subjection, the pluperfect of a resultant state, and so
parallel to the imperfect
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 47
306. ria 6-ySoa.Tw : sc. erei from eTrrderes above, in that eighth year. i
as an evil, i.e. to his destruction, predicate nominative neuter, as with forms of
ytyvo/Mi. 307. iraTpo<j>ovija : see on a 299.
308 = 198, a 300.
309. 6 : demonstrative, of Orestes, as r6v of Aegisthus. SaCw rdcfwv : was
giving a funeral feast to the people, after the burial.
310. ^rpo's : only here in Homer, if indeed here, is it even intimated that
Clytaemnestra also fell by the hand of her son.
311. POTJV d-yaOos : good at the war-cry, a frequent phrase of the Iliad, some-
tunes meaning hardly more than brave.
312. oo-a . . . deipav : as much as his ships bore as freight, i.e. to the full
capacity of his ships.
313. Kal crv : Menelaus leaving Aegisthus in his brother's house seems to
suggest Teleuiachus leaving the suitors in his father's house.
315 f . (it) <f>d-y<o<riv, eXflgs : prohibitory, not final sentences. G. 1346 ; H.
874.
317. dXXd \Uv : but still. Nestor dissuades from such roaming as that of
Menelaus, but yet commends to Telemachus one more journey.
318. v&v dXXoBcv : lately, from abroad.
319 f . 6'8ev : = <? J v. eXiroiro : the optative as in 231. Its subject is indefi-
nite, one, taken up by the following Sv nva.
320. irpwrov dirocr^Xoxriv : once drive from his course. See on 183.
321. (it'-ya roiov : see on a 209. oOcv ri irtp : from which great distance.
322. Even the great birds of passage could not fly the distance in a year.
323. dXX' tOi : so go ! by sea.
324. ir5<Ss : predicate adjectiva after Uvai supplied from tOi. irdpa TOI :
= ira.pei.iriv <TOI thou hast, or shalt have. 58 c /3.
327 f. = 19 f.
329-370. After a final libation, Nestor invites the strangers to spend the night
in his palace. Athena accepts for Telemachus, but declines for herself.
329. irl -f[\Q(v : on came.
332. a-ye: an interjection, introducing plural imperative. Tdpvcre -yXwo--
<ras : the choicest portions of the victims were to be burned (341) as a final
offering, with accompanying libation of wine.
334. TOIO : neuter demonstrative with upy, instead of an infinitive.
337. TI pa : see on /3 321. 338 f . = a 146, 148.
340. vcSjiiio-av : sc. irorbv. The icovpot who served as butlers (oivo\6os), dipped
(d<j>v<r<rui) the wine with a pitcher (ir/j6xoos) from the mixing-bowl (icprjT^p), and
with this, passing round from left to right of the company (tinS^ia), poured
wine into the beakers of the guests, first for a libation, then for drinking. Cf.
t9f., A 597 f . irapgd|j,voi BtircUa-ffiv : beginning the rite with the beakers, i.e.
putting wine in for the libation which preceded the drinking, ' with a first pious
portion for the cup. 1
341. Each worshipper approached the altar and poured some of his wine
on the burning tongues.
48 COMMENTARY.
344. U<r0Tiv v<r6ai : were setting out to go, made as if to go.
346 f . TO -y = explained by the next verse, where us is namely that, and the
optative is on the principle of indirect discourse ("as ye purpose ").
348. w T . . . dveijiovos : as if forsooth (1j) from some one utterly without
clothing, i.e. bed-clothing for a guest, as the following verses show.
349. J>: sc. dfflv.
350. avr . . . tvcv&tiv : for his own sleeping therein, the infinitive as in
a 138. 351. irapa (iv : = irdpfuri \t.i]v.
352. Tov8' dvSpos 'O8v<r<rijos : Odysseus is affectionately thought of as alive
and present before the speaker, in his son.
353. ^ir' Uptown' : on deck, one of the small fore and aft decks of the
Homeric ship, stretched across between and supported by the ribs. For the
case-ending, see 36.
354. tireiTo, : thereafter, i.e. when I am no longer alive. The force of 6<j>p
Hv (as long as) continues into this clause.
355. eiv(civ : purpose of fo>w and \iirwvrai. Hospitality was one of the
main supports of ancient civilization. os TS KC : whosoever, used with dis-
tributive force after a plural antecedent.
357 f. <rot : construe with irel6effdai.
361. Kcurra : the particulars, the details of their duty in view of the deten-
tion of Telemachus, their several duties.
362. -ycpatrcpos : elderly, ' absolute comparative. ' H. 649 b.
363. vrpoi avSpcs : predicate apposition with oi AXXoi, containing the
main idea, to which firovrai is logically subordinate ; the rest are young men,
who follow, etc.
366. vfiv : supplementary and emphatic position for the sake of immediate
contrast, for the present. jwrd : in among, i. e. into the land of.
367. ow TI viov /CT\. : not recent, i.e. of long standing. 19 d.
370. of TOI KT\. : the fleetest and sturdiest thou hast.
371-403. Athena being recognized as she leaves, Nestor vows a sacrifice to
her, and after bringing Telemachus to his palace, offers her a libation. All then
retire for the night.
372. lSo|ilvT| : taking the shape of, an actual transformation, as in a 105,
not like a 320.
374. Cf. /3 302. 376. v'w wot : young as thou art.
377. ow . . . aXXos : sc. ^v, this was no one else.
379. Iv "Ap-ytCouriv : i.e. while they were before Ilios.
380. aXXd : so now. \\j\6i, 88w0i : for the personal endings, see 47 6.
The long stem-vowel is also Homeric.
383. Cf. ' a red heifer without spot, wherein is no blemish, and upon which
never yoke came,' Numbers xix. 2. The relative clause explains the epithet.
384. The horns of the heifer should be overlaid with gold-leaf, to make the
victim more acceptable to the goddess. Cf. 437 f., and Vergil's et statuam
ante aras aurata fronte iuvencum, | candentem Aen. ix. 627 f.
387. vldo-i : for the three stems of this substantive, see 40 c.
THIRD BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 49
388. TOIO : with only a relic of original demonstrative force. 4"> ;/.
389 = a 145.
390. dvd Ktpaa-aev : mixed up, by having wine poured upon water in the
mixer. 392. The verse shows ' hysteron proteron.' in*/.
393. TOV : of this wine, with resumptive emphasis.
396. cf. a 424 (Si) rdre). ol \iAv : the sons and sons-in-law (387). otic6vS :
loosely used in this formula-verse for OaXa/jAvde. Cf. 413. These chambers
opened into the court-yard of the palace.
397. avrov : right there, in contrast with places at a distance.
f. 399. aWovo-r) : the porch before the vestibule of the ptyapov or mail's hall,
the usual sleeping-place for transient guests.
401. ira8wv : construe with 5s.
402. P.VXW Sopov : this 0d\ayuos was usually in the most distant part of the
palace, behind the women's hall.
403. 8&riroiva : royal, like irbrvia serves as adjective in cases of attributive
apposition, Xfyos *v^v : prepared bed and couch, i.e. slept by his side.
404-472. On the next morning Nestor offers to Athena the sacrifice he had
vowed, and the usual feast follows.
404 = /3 1. Cf. Milton's ' Now morn, her rosy steps in the Eastern clime |
Advancing, sowed the earth with orient pearl, | When Adam waked. Par.
Lost, v. 1 ff.
406. o-foio-i XiOoio-i : i.e. stone seats, probably at the sides of the entrance
or vestibule to the men's hall. Similarly in an ancient city the elders gathered
for conference ' in the gates. '
408. XCVKOI : drawn into agreement with the relative. Airoo-riXpovTcs dXe-
<j>aros : i.e. rubbed down with some fatty substance to secure a polish. The
genitive denotes ' material. ' ols tin. : = t<f> oh.
410. 'AiSoo-St : i.e. 'Aidao 56/uoc5e, as we have 's ' Aidao (sc. S6fwv).
412. o-Kfyirrpov xv : i.e. as ruler.
416. irap : at the side, sc. of Nestor, who formed the center of the group.
419. lXd<r<ro|Aai : 1 aorist subjunctive with short mode-vowel.
421 ff. 6 fit'v, tls 8^, Is Sc' : one, another, another. ir : after, to fetch,
like /jLerd.
422. tX6T)<j-iv : sc. /3oCj, explained and paraphrased by Ad^r; . . . arfp.
en-ipovKoXos : the tirl implies authority over, as the M in i/rroS/uws (5 386) subor-
dination under.
425. xpvo'ox^ " : gilder. The same artist is called xaXcei)s in 432, from the
metal most commonly worked. There is no minute division of labor in Homer.
427. ol 8' aXXoi : but ye others. cfirart tfcrw : carry word within.
429. 28pas, vXa : seats for the worshippers, wood for the sacrificial fire.
d|i4> : around the altar in the court-yard.
435. 'AO^vii : not as Mentor, but as goddess, unseen.
436. dvTiocoo-a : see on a 25.
438. do-KT|o-as : after he had prepared it, i.e. after beating the gold into leaf
on the anvil. This gold leaf or foil was spread over the horns of the victim.
50
COMMENTARY.
439. <vyrr)v : sc. to the altar. Kcpdcov : by the horns, partitive genitive with
a verb merely implying touch.
440 f. Cf. a 138 f. The irpt>x<x>s m ay be thought of as standing, full of
water, in the X<?/3r;s. <r<|>: dative of interest with ri\v6ev (pepwv. dvOefioevTi.:
of the flowers wrought in the metal.
441. cTt'pj) : sc. xp. ovXcis : they were to be cast into the fire, as sym-
bolical food.
444. d|iv(ov: the blood caught in this vessel was sprinkled on the altar.
Cf. the ceremonial in Leviticus i., ii.
445 f. Ka-Hjpxero : used pregnantly with the accusatives in a ritualistic sense
for tx e P v ty a - TO KO.I OV\OXVTO-S /care^ee Otietv dpxonevos, i.e. began the ceremony (dedi-
A SACEIFICE.
ceded the victim) with hand-washing and barley-sprinkling. Cf. x P v tyo- VT 5'
fireiTa /cat otfXoxtfras a.vt\orro A 449. So dirapx^evos in the next verse implies an
dror^/u'wi', and is explained by pd\\wv, performing the initial rite of cutting the
hairs from the head (of the victim) and casting them, in the fire. i.e. dedicating the
victim with burning of forelock in the fire. Cf. Kdvpov dwb rpixa-s dptdnevos T 254.
449. TJXcurcv : drove a blow upon, smote, sc. fiovv.
450. oXoXugav : a part of the ceremony, at its culminating point, usually
the part of women.
453 f. aveXovres TXOV : lifted and held, viz. the head of the victim, direct-
ing it toward the abode of the upper gods. When the sacrifice was to the
lower gods, the head was turned downwards.
FOUKTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 51
456. 8i^x<wttv: quartered, of cutting into large pieces; (dffTv\\oi> (462) of
cutting into small portions.
458. 8irTv\a : sc. Kviff-qv. avrwv : the thigh-pieces themselves, thus envel-
oped in fat. The intensive force has almost disappeared. 45 e. u\ui9trr\-
ouv : juicy morsels were thus assigned to the gods (cf. Oeov daira 420).
459. KCU : sc. the /J-tipia, with the Kviffi\ and upd upon them.
461. Kara: adverb with *<iij, were consumed. irouravro : a religious rite,
symbolical of participation hi the sacrifice.
462. roXXa : rd. dXXa, a rare 'crasis,' 29. d^4>( : adverb, '-through and
through."
464 T64>pa : during the last-mentioned preparations for the feast. Xoiio-cv :
bathed. Earliest Homeric manners allowed the bathing of men by women.
Athenian tradition made Polycasta afterwards the wife of Telernachus.
468. pa : indicates the apodosis. do-aptvOov : for a description of a bath-
room and bath-tub of the early Homeric period, see Schliemann's Tiryns, pp.
229 ff. (Schuchhardt, Schliemann's Excavations, pp. Ill f.).
469. irdp : with NArropa implies motion, to Nestor's side.
470 = 65. 471. 4ir : adverb, thereat, i.e. at the feast.
473-497. Telernachus and Pisistratus drive by way of Pherae to Sparta.
473 = a 150. 475. tjioC : possessive pronoun, as in /3 90.
476. v(}>' ap|ia.Ta : to the chariot, i.e. under the yoke fastened to the end of
the chariot-pole. The plural is used of the chariot and all its appurtenances.
65oio : on his way, genitive of place.
481. 8i4>pov : apparently synonymous with fip/naro.
484. cXdav : infinitive of purpose. OVK alicovrc : i.e. eagerly. 19 d.
486. o-tiov : shook, in their rapid motion. dpxfns X OVT S : having it (the
yoke) on both sides, i.e. which they wore.
489. iraiSa: predicate apposition with r6t>.
493. This verse is omitted in the best manuscripts. irpoOvpoio : i.e. the
gateway from the public road into the court-yard. alOovorjs : sc. not Sw/taros,
as in 399, but auXijt, the pillared portico on the inside of the court-yard wall,
over the gate- way.
494. ixd<rri|v : sc. Hetv Iff r paras, following 482-484.
496. TOIOV virK<})pov : so swiftly sped along.
497. For the close connection between this and the following book, see on
/3434.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
The Fourth Book comprises the events of the evening of the fifth day, and
those of the sixth day in the chK>nology of the poem. It describes the visit of
Telemachus to Menelaus at Sparta. lid.
1-67. The arrival of Telemachus and Pisistratus at Sparta, and their kind
reception by Menelaus.
52 COMMENTARY.
1. Koi\T|v : holloio, of the district, as lying between the parallel ridges of
Taygetus and Parnon.
2. The poem does not allude to city walls for either Ithaca, Pylus, or Sparta.
3. Jkflo-iv : dative of indirect object. 5. 'A\iXXfios vUi : see on 7 189.
7. TOWTIV : for the bride and bridegroom. The promise had been made
years before. The time for its fulfillment had at last come.
8. -ri]v apa : this daughter, I say, etc. ?v6a : at that time.
9. aorrv : i.e. Phthia, in Thessaly. avewcrev : sc. Neoptolemus.
10. Tj-ycTo : sc. ywaiKa, was bringing home as wife, here of the bridegroom's
father.
11. TTj\v-yTos : predicate adjective, meaning perhaps very dear.
12. t<j>aivov : brought to light, gave.
13. tirel TO irpwrov : when once. See on y 183.
18. 4>op|uv : to the phonninx. See on a 155. avrovs : the slight intensive
force distinguishes guests from performers.
19. 4dpxovTos : sc. aoiSov, apparent genitive absolute. 22 f.
20. T 8' avT : contrasts with ol ptv 15. ev irpoOvpouri : as in a 103.
22. o-rntrav : intransitive 2 aorist, halted.
24. &^(\i<av : future participle of purpose.
26. Tw8 : here, adverbial, with accompanying gesture ; lo ! here are certain
strangers.
27. y V 'n AIDS : a stock phrase to denote noble birth. See on SFa 7 266.
28 f. a\Xa : so then. KaTaXv<ro(v : subjunctive in question of doubt, like
ir^/iirw/tej' below.
29. aXXov : construe with IKO-V^V. os K KT\. : relative clause of purpose.
31 ff. |A^v, jitv, jj^v : Attic ^v.
33 f. j>aYovT lK6|u6a : consumed before we came, the* main idea lying in the
participle.
34 f. at K . . . oi^vos: in the hope that at sometime in the future Zeus would
give us respite from distress, i.e. bring us to our own home where we in our turn
should shew hospitality to wanderers.
36. Is, irpoTpw : in (to the court-yard) and onward (to the men's hall).
6oivT)8t]vai : infinitive of purpose. 38. loi avrw : Attic eaur.
41. ava : See on 7 390. 44. 6av|xaov : gazed in wonder.
45. ws : as, construed with ifcXfov and a-eX^s, omitting a second afyX?;, a
radiance as (the radiance) of sun or moon.
47. lircX KT\. : when they had taken delight in the sight of their eyes.
48 f. See on 7 464-8. 50. x^'vas : cf. y 467.
52-58 = a 136-142.
61. irowo-an^va) : sc. <r<f>il>, accusative with dpr)ff6fj.e0a.
62 f. cr<}>u)v : in your case, elsewhere <T(f>u>ii>. -y^ v 5 : lineage, the nobility of
looks and bearing inherited by the well-born. In the next verse the meaning is
more concrete, offspring.
63. pao-iXr|cov : descriptive apposition to dvSpav, and equivalent to a relative
sentence, who are, etc.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 53
64. KaKoi : low-born. roiovo-St : such as ye are, with gesture.
65. VOOTO, : lit. back-pieces, counted the most delicious part. Perhaps the
' tenderloin ' is meant. iropd : adverbial, with OijKev.
66. oirra : in supplementary agreement with vCn-a.. -y^P a : tne fi nft l vowel
is short, though the full form is ytpaa. 67 f. = a 149 f.
68-112. The amazement of Telemachus at the splendor of the palace leads
Menelaus to tell him h>w he got such wealth on his wanderings, and so to mention
Odysseus.
70 = a 157.
71. T$ . . . 6vfxw : dear to this heart of mine, the r<J5 with deictic force.
73. T|\KTpov : either silver-gold (an alloy) or amber could be used in the
wall-decoration here meant.
74. avX^j : here, and here only in Homer, of the whole palace. In later
times the ai)\^ was an interior rather than an exterior portion of the dwelling,
and so could more naturally represent the whole.
75. ooxra rd8 KT\. : how many things are here in infinite abundance! An
explanatory exclamation emphasized by an appositive phrase.
80 ff. "But among mortals there may, or may not, be one to vie with me
in wealth, for my wealth represents long wanderings and many sufferings (82-
89), but during these my brother was slain, and his death robs me of all
delight in my wealth" (90-93).
82. T|-y a "yf XT l v : SC. KTrifiara. o-ySodru) : cf. y 306, 311.
83 ff. The countries here mentioned in zig-zag order, in explanation of
iroXXd 81, include the eastern and southeastern coasts of the Mediterranean
sea, and the richest peoples of Asia and Africa. At-ywirrCovs : the last two
syllables are pronounced with ' synizesis.'
85. Aipvijv : the c$>ast-land west of Aegyptus, represented by the following
relative sentence as wonderfully rich. fva TC : where. a<j>ap : i.e. very soon
after birth.
86. tls : in the course of, by the end of.
89. irap'xov<riv : sc. nrj\a. 0fj<r6ai : for milking.
90. irpl Ktiva : around those parts.
92. ovXofie'viis : accursed, one on whom the curse 6\ou> has fallen. For <5ir}-
s, the opposite, cf. /3 33. 93. <Ss : for this reason.
94. (lAXcr dKouc'|icv : ye are likely to, must have heard. See on 181. ot
the guests were still unknown to Menelaus. Cf. 01 f.
95. dirwXeo-o, OLKOV : I lost my home, when Helen fled with my treasures.
97 f . cov : refers to TroXXA ical t<r0\d, and depends on /ju>Tpav. <t>cXov x wv
. . . vaitiv : O that I were dwelling here with . . .
98. oi 8' avSpcs : sc. 6<j>f\ov (plural). This second wish is made parallel to the
first, instead of a condition on whose fulfilment the first would depend. ."O
that I had but a fraction of my wealth, provided my friends might be alivt 1 ! "
100 ff. dXX' cairns : but still, introduces ou rbffffov 65tpou.ai 104. Concessive
participles and parenthetical verses (102-3) intervene. irdvras : i.e. ot r6r
6\ovro. It is emphatically resumed by T&V irdvrwv in 104.
54
COMMENTARY.
103. alij/npos : sc. tori. " Speedily comes satiety in lamenting."
105. s: for foaov. os a.irs\Qa.ifK\. : i.e. whose loss makes hateful what
before had pleased.
107 f . r!f 8 ' apa : but on him then, to judge from his disappearance and
long absence. IjwXXcv : were destined, of a decree of fate. The subject is
Ki)5ea.
108. avr$: with supplementary emphasis, opposing the preceding T to
llu>L With the latter pronoun supply e/j.e\\ev ?<rc<r0cu.
109. KCVOV : objective genitive with &x*- oirws : seeing how, since.
110. wei, Tt'6vT]Kv : indirect double question.
112. v&>v : just, adverb with yeyaura.
113-154. Seeing Telemachus weep at mention of Odysseus, Menelaus surmises
and Helen on entering is sure, that he is Odysseus' son.
113. Construe : virb (adverb) wp<re "i^epov 760*0 irarpoj (objective genitives).
115. avr': always for dvra, not for avrl.
118. avr6v: himself, i.e. of his own accord, unsolicited.
119. i-KaoTa: adverbial cognate accusative, in every way. With the first
verb, sc. aMv, with the second, avrov.
121. SI : then, in temporal apodosis. 24.
124. T(xirT]Ta : to be thrown over the chair. See on a 130.
129. rdXavra: a certain weight, in bars or ingots. No coined money is
mentioned in Homer.
131. xP vtr ^l v : tne l ast two syllables are pronounced with ' synizesis.' The
distaff was commonly of reed.
132. 4ir : thereon, adverb. Ketcpdavro : from Kepavvvpi rather than KpaLvw.
The edges were gilded over the silver.
134. awi-S : the basket itself, as distinguished from ite contents.
135. Tcrdwo-To : lay (stretched out). ?x owra : tne dressed and carded wool
was held in a bunch on the head of the distaff, and
twisted off into yarn by means of the twirling
spindle.
138 f . otrivcs . . . iKav(Av : what men these
claim to be who are come. The first pronoun is
in predicate apposition to the second.
140. " Will what I shall say prove false or
true ? At all events I must say it."
141. eoiKora caSc : with such a likeness, sc.
&\\<f> rivl.
142. A parenthetical verse.
143. 'OSwr<H)os vli : where we expect 'OSi/trtr^t.
Telemachus looked as Helen expected the son of
Odysseus to look, from her acquaintance with the
SPINNING WOMAN.
father. Cf. 27, 02.
148. vvv : now that you call my attention to it. Menelaus was just a little
dull. I<TKIS : likenest, " judgest from resemblance," " thinkest."
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 55
149 f. " Such was Odysseus, from foot to head."
151 f. (ipLVT]fi6vos . . . nvOcifXTjv: was calling to mind and talking ab'jut
Odysseus.
155-202. Pisistratus announces the son of Odysseus and his errand. Mene-
laus, by his lament for Odysseus, rouses in the company general grief, which
Pisistratus finally checks.
157. i(vov piv [priv] : an echo of 149. wlos: predicate, sc. carl.
159. c58 : see on o 182. TO irpwrov : for the first time, with t\0uv.
160. TOV : relative, with avdy. 6ov ws : = u<nrep Beov a6dy. See on 45.
162. iro\Ltr6v : predicate apposition with t(U.
165. to JIT] ewcriv : who may not have, the negative showing conditional force.
JIT] oXAoi : with synizesis.
166. ol : the same dative as < 165.
167. eto-': for the retraction of accent, see 31 d. <rf KV d\dA.Kowv : poten-
tial optative expressing imagined result, who might avert. See on a 254.
171 ff. (i.(v : object of <pi\r}<rf/jxi>, for whose subject sc. ijd. i$i\v : I said in
my heart, I promised myself. &66vra : = trd\iv e\6&vra, if he reached home,
agreeing with fdv. The thought is expanded to include both friends in the
following ei . . . Zetfs.
172. virelp a\o : construe with the verbal substantive vtorov, object of Zdwicev.
173. ytvt'o-Oai. : to be our own, explanatory and redundant infinitive.
174. "Ap-yc'i: i.e. in Peloponnesus.
176. jiCav : some one. cfjaXairdfjas : depopulating, to make room for the
folk of Odysseus.
177. a'i : of such as. dvdo-o-ovrai : passive, are hrded over.
178. (iio"y6|i0a : the imperfect expresses the continuance of the imagined
intercourse. 179. 4>i\&>vre, repirofu'vw : SC. dXXTjXw, d\\^\oiv.
180. irpCv Y' OT 8t] KT\. : before what time, i.e. until. Cf. /3 374.
181. TO. fieXXev d-ydo-o-cordai : was likely to, doubtless did, begrudge this. Cf.
94, 200, a 232. t
182. dv6o-Ttp.ov : predicate adjective after fO-nnev KCIVOV.
183. Cf. 113.
186. dSaKpvTu : predicate after ex" ^<re.
188. 'Hovsvlos: i.e. Memnon, king of the Aethiopians.
190. |it'v : = fj.-f]v. irtpL : adverb with vewv^vov etvai, wert surpassingly wise
among men. See on a 66.
191. iri|ivT|<rat|jLc6a : the optative corresponds to the iterative <j>6.ffKev.
192. olo-iv : own, in this case with reference to the first person, our own, =
Tlfiertpoifft. H. 269 D.
193. li TI irou IOTI. : if in any way soever it is possible.
194 f. fwraSipmos : Pisistratus does not like to sit lamenting " when it is
time for supper." The Sbpirov sometimes follows closely in Homer upon the
delirvov, the interval being occupied by conversation. dXXd ical . . . Tipi/y^vtia:
nay, there will be als 1 ) an early born dawn, when the lamenting may be renewed,
sc. 6dvpo^v({i, or ijij.iv 65vpeff6ai, as in 214 f. ovScv : not at all.
56 COMMENTARY.
196. K\aUiv : the subject is indefinite, any one's bewailing, and the object
is the following relative clause. os KC (Jporwv : whatever mortal, i.e. any mortal
who, etc.
197. -ylpas : honor, predicate apposition with TOVTO, this is the only honor
poor mortals have after death, viz. that their friends mourn them (198).
198. " That locks of hair be cut and tears be shed for them." The subjects
of the infinitives are indefinite pronouns referring to the friends of those who die.
200. ficXXcis : thou art likely to, thou probably dost, as in 181.
201 f . ircpt : adverb in both verses, in the first with yevt<r6a.t. surpassed, in
the second strengthening Tax&v, as in 7 112.
203-264. On invitation of Menelaus, the party cease sorrowing and take
supper. Helen mixes a grief-dispelling drug in the wine, and tells a good story
of Odysseus.
204. Itrtl : the apodosis is deferred by parenthetical verses till 212, ^us 3<-
let us then, etc. rdo-a, o<ra : just what.
205. p^ : makes the preceding elires equivalent to eTWs re /cat ep/>eas-
" Thou behavest as a discreet man would behave."
206. rofov : i.e. ireirwutvov. irarpos : genitive of source, sc. tcriri. o:
8ri, quod, wherefore. 45 q.
208. yaiicovTi, 'ycivofilvu : at marriage, at birth. For the order, see 19 g.
209. T}p.a.Ta irdvTa : all his days, see on /3 55.
212 f. 4d<ro|uv, |ivt]0-to|ic6a : 1 aorist subjunctives, in exhortation. rvx0ii :
"prevailed."
213. IgavTis : anew. The repetition here, however, is of the act of eating,
not of the particular meal. So in 234 the repetition is of the act of talking,
but not of the same words.
214. x V( * VTWV: 3 plural imperative, with indefinite subject, the servants.
<al TJwOcv ip : as well on the morrow.
218 = a 149. 219. See on 382, and cf. d 184.
220. otvov: i.e. the mixing-bowl (222), and hence fi>6evfrom which.
222. The optatives are in relative clauses expressing condition, if any one,
if at any time.
223. <}>T)|ipi6s -y* : f r M* day at least, though sorrow might smite him
later. Kara : adverbial with /SdXot.
224. KaraTcOvaCT] : should lie dead, the perfect of a lasting state.
226. STJIOUKV : sc. they, i.e. the enemy. For the form, like verbs in -dw, see
50 i. 229. rfi : where, "in whose land."
231. tripos : sc. fart. The great number of physicians in Egypt is noticed
by Herodotus (ii. 84), as well as the facts that to a certain extent every man
was his own doctor, and that the people were surprisingly healthy (ib. 77).
232. -ycvlOXiis : predicate genitive of source, like irarp6s 206.
235. T|8i teal oi'St : and also ye here.
236 f. drdp . . . fiiravra : parenthetical. oXXort oXXw : now to one and now
to another.
238. 8aiwo-0 : present, go on feasting.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSKY.
57
239. foiKdra : appropriate, in this case to those iriBou repa-o^i/own, i.e. enter-
taining. She will tell ' a good story. '
242. olov To8 ?p| : what a deed this was which he did! an exclamation,
orov is in predicate apposition with r68e (this deed I am now going to relate).
244. avrov juv : = eavrfo. Construe with 5o/id<ro-os subjecting himself to.
248. os KT\. : though he was not at all such a man, i.e. bent and suppliant like
a beggar. 250. roiov iovra. : though he was such, i.e. in spite of his disguise.
254 f. |xtj . . . a.<j>iKo-9ai : the contents of the oath. 'OSwrfja : predicate
apposition with the object of dva(f>rjvai, not to reveal him as Odysseus, i.e. that it
was Odysseus who had been among them.
256. Kal TOTS 8rj KT\.-. apodosis to 252. irdvra v6ov : the whole counsel; the
stratagem of the wooden horse (271 ff.), for which Odysseus was then preparing.
258. <|>p6viv : knowledge of the enemy's city, brought in (KCLTO. yyaye) to camp
like booty.
259. Xfy' tKwicvov : at the discovery of the murderous exploit of Odysseus.
263. ircuSa: cf. 12 ff. v<xr<j>io-o-a^vTiv : construe with pt.
264. ov TV [rifos] Studfxevov : though he was inferior to no one.
THE TROJAJ? HOUSE (y. 272).
265-305. Menelaus also tells a good story of Odysseus, and then all retire
for the night.
270. 'OSvo-o-^os . . . Kijp: a poetical periphrasis for 'O5t;<r<rei}j Ta\a<rt'</>pa>f.
271. otov KT\. : see on 242.
272. ITTTTW rr3 : for other references to the wooden horse, cf. 0492ff.,
\523ff. The story was fully developed in the 'l\lov nfp<ris of Arctmus, on
which Vergil based the Second Book of his Aeneid.
275. Some divinity who favored the Trojans must have inspired Helen to
do what came so near thwarting the whole stratagem of the Greeks.
58 COMMENTARY.
*
276. Ar|4>opos: his shade tells Aeneas of Helen's treachery and the dire
vengeance of Menelaus, in Verg. A en. vi. 511 ff.
277. ip<rTias : I aorist indicative without augment, equivalent to
irfpirj\0fs. 278. CK: adverb, with 6vofj.a.K\-fi6r]i> plainly (out) by name.
279. dXoxoio-iv: i.e. ^wrots d\6xwv. See on 0121.
282. 6p[iT)0vTes KT\. : either to spring up and issue forth, or, etc.
287. ^iri (ido-TaKo. : over his mouth, so as to cover it.
292. oX-yiov: all the worse! a cry of sorrow. ow: with ri. rd yt: i.e.
these heroic qualities of Odysseus, illustrated by the stories just told of him.
293. ovS' cl . . . i]v : sc. &v ypKevf, nor (would they have done so) even though
his heart had been of iron within him.
295. viro : beneath. Sleep ' covereth a man up like a blanket' as Sancho
Panza thought.
298. Tdin)Tas : perhaps like our heavy woollen ' comfortable ' or quilt, to
make the p^yea softer to lie upon.
299. KaOvircpOcv <ra<r6<u: for the sleeper to bring down over himself as
clothing. 304 f. Cf. 7402f.
306-350. On the following morning Menelaus questions Telemachus, and
offers to tell what he knows about the fate of Odysseus.
306-310. See on 1-5, 7 404.
312. rLirn KT\.: how pray has need brought thee hither? i.e. of what art
thou in need that thou comest hither ? See on a 225.
314. Srj|uov r\ t8iov : is it in public or private matter ? The adjectives are in
the adverbial accusative.
317. ct : on the chance that. G. 1420 ; H. 907. irorp<Ss : objective genitive
with K\r)i)56va. 319. irXeios : sc. t<rri. 320 = a 92.
321 = a 368. Here the verse explains the 01 of 319.
322-331 = 7 92-101.
333. Kp(vrep64>povos : this adjective carries the chief, thought, mighty is the
man in whose bed, etc.
337. eptfl<ri : explores, with 6ir6re (335), the usual conditional relative sub-
junctive in similes.
339. dn<j>oTpoio-i Sc rouri : and on both those, i.e. the young and the mother
returned.
341. at -ydp : introduces the optative of wish otuXr/ffeuv 345.
342. TOIOS wv : with such strength.
343. c cpiSos : in consequence of strife as to which was the better man, in
combat. 345 f . = a 265 f .
347. Tdvra : in this matter, accusative of specification.
348. oXXa irap^g: other things than the truth, away from the point, i.e.
falsely. The thought is still further strengthened by ira.pa.K\i56v.
349 f. TO, jUv, TWV : treat the first as relative, the second as demonstrative.
^e'pwv aXios : i.e. Proteus, 385 ff.
351-397. Menelaus begins the story of his adventure with the Egyptian
Proteus, to whom he was directed by Eidothea, the sea-god's daughter.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 59
351 f. Al-yvirrcp: in Egypt, here of the country* as in 355, 483, though there
is nothing to determine the gender. In : with e<rx<>v, " it was when I was still
detained in Egypt." eirtl ov : pronounced with 'synizesis.'
353. aUf : construe with nenvi)<r6a.t, which has indefinite subject, rivd one.
354. (ifv.ro. : with slight demonstrative force, like the story-teller's now, or
well then, to mark the progress of the narrative to a new stage.
355. 4>apov : the historic island of this name, less than a mile off the coast
was joined to the main-land by order of Alexander the Great, and eventually
became a suburb of Alexandria.
356. Travrj(itpii : in a day's sail, predicate adjective as adverb.
357. TJwo-ev : accomplishes, gnomic aorist.
358 f. dir6 : adverb, with pd\\ov<rti>, they (the crews) push off, put out.
361. <j>aivovro KT\. : showed themselves, came. irvefovres aAia&s: blowing
with sea-blasts, i. e. out to sea.
366. 0v|i6v opiva: I moved her heart by my desolate condition.
367. |A' o?w : = /xoi ofy, with rare elision. 31.
368. Ix8vdao-Kov : fish were eaten by Homeric men only to prevent starva-
tion. Cf. p 329 ff. In the days of Socrates at Athens cured fish were a staple
article of diet for all classes, and fresh fish a luxury for the well to do.
371. XiTjv r6o-ov : so very, with xaX/^pwv.
372. tKwv (uOlcis : dost thou purposely relax all effort f
373. ws KT\. -. an exclamation, how long ! etc.
376. r\ TS irp : whosoever.
377 f. s : that. (lAXu dXiT^rOat, : I must have wronged. See on 181.
380. STJO- K\cv6ov: genitive of separation, as in a 195. We say weather-
bound.
381. v6o-rov : object of elirt (about my return), and explained by the rest of
the verse.
385 f . os T KT\. -. see on o 52 f . In 460 Proteus is 6\o(f>6ia eiSws.
387. T|8 TKo-0cu : and that he begot me.
389. os KCV ctirno-iv : he will perhaps tell, apodosis, with demonstrative pro-
noun. 392. OTTI KO.KOV: whatsoever evil, i.e. all the evil.
393. o-0cv [<rov] : an apparent genitive absolute with olxo^voio, in spite of
the preceding rol. 22//3.
395. <|>pd5w : devise. -ye'povros : objective genitive with X6xe'.
397. dp-yoAt'os : personal for impersonal construction, it is hard, etc. H. 944.
398-463. Menelaus tells further of the capture of Proteus, of his mutations
and final submission.
400. ii^os : with the subjunctive of customary action (see on ft 1).
401. cto-t : always has present meaning in Homeric comparisons and general
descriptions. For an instance of future meaning, see 411. 51/.
402. irvoifj viro : strictly a local relation (see on 295), under the blast,
passing into an expression of attendant circumstance, at the blast of Zephyrus,
when Zephyrus blows.
404. dXoo-vSvTis: here of Amphitrite
60 COMMENTARY.
408. cvvd<ra> titles : / will lay thee down in due order where the seals are
wont to lie. The goddess includes the comrades whom he was to take with him
(440, 449). Kpivao-Oai : as imperative.
411. dpi9|iTJo-ii teal Jircuriv : will count and go over, a ' hysteron proteron '
( 19 g), as in the corresponding verbs of the next verse.
412. irfiird<rorTav : 1 aorist subjunctive. The verb indicates the most
primitive system of counting, from the five fingers. For the form, see 44 c.
414. iin\v STJ irpwra: just as soon as, cum primum.
415. Kal TOT' eirTa : and at that time then, introduces the apodosis in
parataxis (24). For us, the nai is redundant. vjiiv (uXmo KT\. : look ye to
your mighty strength, i.e. put it forth.
416. xiv: as imperative. tupauTa: in spite of his fury.
417 f. irdvTa -yi-yvojitvos : by becoming everything, i.e. by assuming all
imaginable shapes. So, too, Thetis, seized by Peleus, took on ' Protean '
shapes. impTjo-CTai : sc. dXtffat.
420. aw6s : he himself, inpropriapersona, explained by the next verse.
422. <rx&r9cu PTIS : remit your violence, the verb in the sense of i^etere, with
genitive of separation.
424 = 390 (381). 426. o9' : = 861.
427. r|ia: Attic ya, ijfiv. So in 433. Distinguish from the same form
in 363.
433. iroXXd : ferventl>j, adverbial cognate accusative with yowotnevos.
434. irdo-av iir I6vv : for every enterprise.
438. evvds : beds in the sand for Menelaus and his three companions.
441. KCV lirXtTo : would have become, anticipating dXXd (= ' ^97) 444.
atvoTdTos : predicate.
445. 4>pov<ra : see on Qtpuv a 127.
451. 4'irtp'xtTo : answers for a preterite tense of ttreiffiv 411. \CKTO : counted,
told off, stern Xe7. But \6cro 453 laid himself is from stem Xex, like X^erai 413.
56. 453. SoXov ttvai : that guile was on foot, as in AC 232.
454. Sc FidxovTcs : the f had the effect of a single liquid in making length
by position. 33 b.
460. dv(ae : was tired of taking new shapes, and therefore resumed his first.
oXo<f>uia ttSws : wily. See on a 428.
402. flv : construe with T/S.
463. T'O (TOV, T^OJ, neuter) <r xp^ : what is thy need ? See on a 124.
464-490. Menelaus tells further of his conversation with Proteus.
466 f. Cf. 373 f. Here the ws depends on oiffOa.
468-470 = 379-381.
472. d\Xd fxdXa: but by all means, with negative but by no means. w4cXXcs :
thou oughtest.
473. p|as dvapaivliitv : the participle holds the main idea for us. to have
sacrificed before embarking from Ilios. Cf. y 141 ff.
475. [xoipa : sc. t<rri.
477. vpiv -y' 6V av : until. See on /3 374.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 61
484. Kol tSs : even thus, sc. /coTcXaff/i^os l/rop.
488. For the details, see 7 153 S.
490 = a 238. The ^ contrasts lv x f P ffit> w >th tiri >^6s.
491-537. Menelaus relates further how Proteus told him of the deaths of
Locrian Aias and Agamemnon.
492. ox>8 ri art \pi\ : see on a 296.
493. Saijvai t\iov voov : to learn what I know.
496. dpxol 8vo : i.e. the Locrian Aias, 499 ff., Agamemnon, 512 ff.
497. (AO.XT1 : i-e. the siege of Ilios. 498. ls: i.e. Odysseus.
501. Kal ee<rdtoo- : and brought him in safety from sea to land. In Vergil
(Aen. i. 44 f.), Aias is killed by being dashed ashore.
502. 'Ae^vrj : see on 7 135.
503. |iy ddcrdr] : become greatly infatuate, so that he scorned the power of
the gods.
504. <}>fi pa: he said, then, explanatory of TTOS. &IKT|TI 0v: i.e. by his
own efforts, and not by grace of Poseidon.
505. |A-yd\a : with avSritratvos, loudly.
507. diro : adverb, apart.
508. TO ju'v, TO 8i Tpv<}>os : the one part, but the other.
509. The verse resumes and summarizes 500-503. T$ : construe relatively
with cVefo/uei'os. TO irpwTOv : at first, resuming the irpurra. of 500.
510. <t>opi : sc. rb rpi/^os as subject. K<vrd : adown, into the dejiihs of.
512 f. 8 : corresponds to ptv 499. irov : to be sure, anticipating the con-
trast of 514 ff. The ships, of Aias were destroyed by the same storm (499).
513. o-d<i>crc : sc. from shipwreck. Contrast 501.
516. Papt'a : heavily, adverbial cognate accusative with ffrevdxovra.
517. d-ypov ITT' t<r\a-rii\v : to the confines of the land where the ancestral
home of Aegisthus was, somewhere near Mycenae. Cf. y 272.
519. KO.I KttOcv : from there also, as well as from Troy thither. 4>cuvfTo
VOO-TOS dirfjnv : a successful voyage seemed likely.
520. cu|/ Sc . . . o-Tp^\J/av : and the gods turned the wind from adverse back
to fair. The substantive is proleptic. ofcoSc: i.e. to the landing-place for
Mycenae, some miles below the city. I'KOVTO : i.e. Agamemnon and his men.
522. air' avTov : from his eyes.
523. x ' OVTO : plural verb with neuter plural subject. 22 /
525. wiro 8' <T\TO : i.e. inrfoxero 5^, a coordinate instead of a second rela-
tive clause. fjuo-Oov : predicate accusative, as pay for success in espying Aga-
memnon. 526. 4>v\.eur<r 8' o -yt : and so he had been watching.
527. JJ.T] . . . irapuov : that he (Agamemnon) might not pass him (the watch-
man) unseen. jivVjo-aiTo . . . d\Kt]s : and call up his furi jus prowess for the
slaying of Aegisthus, when his seduction of Clytemnaestra should be discovered.
528. SwjiaTo : the palace of Aegisthus (518).
531. tT^pw0i : i.e. in anoth'er part of the palace than the one where he had
set his ambush.
532. KoXc'ov : to invite (future participle), as retainer and vassal of the king.
t)l> COMMENTARY.
534. dv^-y'vy 4 : escorted up from the landing-place (520) to his own palace,
where alone he could invite Agamemnon to a banquet.
538-569. Menelaus relates further how he was comforted by Proteus, and
learned from him about Odysseus, and about his own future state.
541. KvXi.v86p.tvos : so the sorrowing Priam, 163 ff.
544. ov . . . STJOJWV : sc. K\aiovres, we shall not accomplish anything thereby.
546 f. |iv: i- e - Aegisthus. f[ KV 'Opt<rrr\s KTCIVCV : or Orestes will (would)
have slain him, i.e. in case the previous supposition, believed to be the true one,
turn out to be false, in case it were too late for Menelaus to find Aegisthus alive.
Here 17 is equivalent to ei 5 ny.
547. <rv . . . dvn.poX.T|<r<us : as actually happened, y 309 ff.
551. TOVTOVS: about these, i.e. Aias and Agamemnon. Cf. 496. 6vopaj;t:
imperative. See 498. 553. T| 6avv : sc. KaTepfoerat, he is detained by death.
555. olKia. vauov : who has his home. See on a 51.
559. irdpa: irdpeuri. 58c/3.
560. KV irt'iiirowv : potential optative of imagined result, as in a 254.
565. pr tort] : easiest, in the sense in which the gods are peta fwotres. See on
a 160. 566. ov vi<f)T6s : sc. irA, as also with the following clauses.
567 f. Xiyv: adverb with irvdovTOt. d^jras : object of dvirjffiv. dvcu|/vxiv :
for the cooling, infinitive of purpose.
569. OVVCKO, : connect with ir^\j/ovffiv 564. x i s : thou hast to wife. <r$(v :
in their eyes, i.e. the dddvaroi. They regard Menelans as the son-in-law of Zeus.
570-619. After Menelaus has told finally of his return home from Egypt, he
urges Telemachus to spend some days with him, proffering rich presents, but the
invitation is declined.
570-576. Cf. 425-431.
578 f. ev, av : adverbs, aboard, on board, both further elucidated by vqwlv
and tiri K\7)ifft..
581. els Al-yvirroio : sc. vSup (477 f.). Cf. els'AiSao (sc. 56/M>v).
582. o-rqo-a: brought and beached. The preposition of the previous verse
adds the idea of motion. Cf. ts dpbvov HfcffOai.
584. \tva.: ex* va i Attic x ea - 51 g. rvjipov : i.e. a memorial mound,
like those in the Troad which legend connects with the names of Homeric
heroes. 588. IvSeKdrri KT\ : see on /S 374.
590. rptis i'lrirovs : i.e. the yoke-span, and a Trap^opos or reserve-horse.
591 f. o-irv8T)o-9a |U(j.vi]p.cvos : mayest remember when thou pourest, the main
idea lying in the participle.
595 f. KoA -yap KT\. : and verily for a year. dvcxo^iv 'nH- vo : could I sit
contentedly. The participle is complementaiy, like an infinitive. TOKTJWV :
objective genitive with wMos, like oticov.
597. dKovwv : as / listen, a mere descriptive participle.
599. XP OVOV : sc - ToM" (594).
600. OTTI K (iot 8oiT]s : whatsoever thou mighteSt give me. The subjunctive
would assume that some gift was certain. Ki(iTJ\tov : store-treasure, such as
the S,\fiffoi> of 591, in contrast with live-stock like horses or cattle.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 63
602. a-ya.\na : predicate accusative. ircSfoio : i.e. the valley of the Eurotas.
See on 1. 603. evi: fvf<rn. 58 C /3.
604. evpv4>ve's : wide-growing, distinguishes barley, with its two rows of
kernels, from the other grains with their many rows.
606. al-yCporos: sc. vrjffk fffn. KO.I : and yet. [iclXXov einfjpaTOS : like a
Swiss, Telemachus was homesick for liis hills.
608. 'I0dKT) : sc. is SO, i.e. OVK iTnr^XaTos ovS tuXeifjLuv.
611. aipaTOs : for the genitive, see on rov a 215. els : see on a 170. ola :
equivalent to frn TOIO, (seeing) how, (judging from) what, originally an exclama-
tion. H. 1001.
613. KijiT|\ia : predicate apposition with Swa. 616. Cf. 132.
617. tp-yov 'H<j>aCo-T<Ho : i.e. the work of a Sidonian artist is judged worthy
of that god who represented the highest skilled workmanship. : here of a
thing, as in A 236 of the (ncrjirrpov of Agamemnon.
619. voo-Hjo-avra : when I journeyed. Cf. voffros hi 519. r68: here, or
now, adverbial cognate accusative, like r6de licdvei a 409. As object of dirdffffai,
sc. I (017).
620-674. The scene changes abruptly back to Ithaca. The suitors learn of
the departure of Telemachus, and scheme to intercept him on his return.
620. A transition formula. The story of Telemachus is resumed hi the
Fifteenth Book. 11 o.
622. 6VT|vopa: of the effect produced, as in 'generous wine.'
626. Uvrcs : as they cast them, like aicofav 597.
627. 6'9i irep irapos : sc. -rtpirovro, their usual place.
629. aperf) : here of gymnastic accomplishments.
630. No^jiwv : cf. /3 386 f .
633. vcirai : is coming, present with future sense.
634. ol'xTcu a-ywv : is gone off with. The main idea is in the participle.
)ji KT\.: and I want her. See on a 124.
636. wir6 : underneath, at the teat, as still sucking the mare.
637. TIVO. : sc. Tj^tovov. KV . . . So.|ia<ra(|AT]v : 7 should like to drive off and
break in for myself.
638. OVK <j>avro: they had not been thinking (saying to themselves).
639. ol'xo-6ai : sc. fj.lv, of Telemachus. iroxi avroii : somewhere right there
in Ithaca.
640. d-ypwv : in the country, partitive genitive with irot/. G. 1088 ; H. 757.
trvpuTj): i.e. Eumaeus, at whose hut father and son are brought together at last.
643. xovpoi : free-born, and even noble, youths, Kovpoi ' A.\aiCov. lot,
OVTOV : his own. See on avruv a 1.
644. KO.I r6 : even this, the undertaking such a voyage with only retainers
and slaves to help.
646. CUKOVTOS : an apparent genitive absolute, sc. <rov. 22//3.
649. T( . . . aXXos : what can one do ? potential optative of present time.
H. 872 b. ical aXXos : another also, any one else, instead of rh one, to contrast
more vividly with the Avr/p following.
64 COMMENTARY.
652. jtcO' T)|icas : next to us, the speaker and the suitors.
653. ail: demonstrative, in emphatic resumption of Kovpoi. tv: among them,
adverb. dpxov : as leader.
654. TW 8' avrw : but to that very one, Mentor, not 0e6s. iravra tuKtiv : he
had every resemblance, sc. dpx6s.
655. r6 : pointing forward to an independent sentence.
656. S^PT] vi\i : took ship for.
658. d-ydo-0-o.To : became incensed.
661 f . = A 103 f., of the raging Agamemnon. (Uvcos : genitive with
irinTf\a.vro, to which /j^ya is adverbial.
664. 68os rfif explanatory apposition to jiya epyov, in this journey.
TeXeWSai. : future middle as passive, sc. idv as subject, referring to 656$.
665. &&a|Ti: sc.'rj(i.wv implied in Towuvde. avrus : in just such a way as
this, this way, without consulting us.
667. a,p KT\. -. he will lead on yet further in being a trouble to us.
670. USvra: on his return, like tXObvra (sc. wd\iv).
671. 2041010 : the Sd^ of a 246.
672. vavTiXXcrai : may do his navigating, in scorn.
675-714. Penelope learns of the expedition of Telemachus, and of the plots
against him.
675. airvo-ros : here in active sense. 54 h. Cf. a. 242.
678. avXiis KTOS: i.e. on the street. cvSoOi: i.e. ev av\y.
680. tear" ovSov: down from the threshold into the 0dXa/*os or women's
hall.
682. !{ clir|uvai : was it to order ? the first two syllables are pronounced with
synizesis.
684 f. (xvTio-Ttvo-ovTs, 6|u\^jo-avTs : these participles, preliminary to the
main prayer 5fiirvri<reia.v, contain a prayer now impossible of fulfilment, parallel
to the main prayer which can still be fulfilled. Without having wooed and
without having assembled in the past (dXXore), now may they feast here for the
very last time, i.e. " O, that they had never assembled to woo me, and now may
they," etc.
686. ot KaTaicetptTc : ye ivho consume, explanatory apposition with the sub-
ject of Senrv-^fffiav, thrown into the second person to include Medon, who,
though loyal to his master, is forced to assist at the suitors' revels.
687 f. irarpwv : Attic irar^puv. TO irpdo-Oev : the time is specified in TrcuSej
i6rrcs. OXOVCTC : imperfect, ye were not wont to hear.
690. pe'gas, tlirwv : both have a double accusative, nvii and i^aifiov (neuter).
OVTC TI eliruv : nor saying any wrong of any one.
691. tj T : attracted from the neuter by the predicate substantive.
692. tx^PTI " 1 ) 4>iXor] : sc. such a /SacriXetfs, will hate, may love, the hate
more certain than the love.
693. dTdo-eoXov : neuter, corresponding to tal<riov 690.
694. 6 vfilTtpos 9v|i6s : this (thankless) spirit of yours. The v/ulrcpot affects
also fyya, and the context gives 0w/x6s an unfavorable meaning.
FOURTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 65
695. 4>aivrai : are plain. tvep-ycwv : for benefits, neuter plural adjective as
substantive, objective genitive with x^P's-
696. ircirvvfjitva clSws : i.e. ireirvvfAtvos. See on a 428.
697. To8: i.e. the ingratitude and rapacity of Medon and the suitors.
irXtio-Tov KO.KOV : predicate. ttr\ : may prove to be.
701 f. Cf. ft 308, y 326. 703. ovrov : right there, at once.
705. <rxTo : was checked, was holden.
707 f . ov8 . . . tmf3cuW|i,cv : cf. 492 f . aXos frrjroi : predicate, sea-chariots.
710. j\: was it? sc. ofxerai. Cf. 682. tva: what Penelope feared would
be the result, she sarcastically attributes to Telemachus as his purpose.
715-766. Complaints of Penelope , confession and counsel of Eurycleia.
717 : iroXXwv : sc. StQpwv, concessive genitive absolute, or partitive genitive
with Sitptp. 22/0.
718. 4V ovSov : the position of mourners and suppliants, as well as of
beggars. 719. oUrpa. : adverbial cognate accusative.
722. irp : exceedingly. -y^-P : surely.
723. IK ircuHwv : beyond all, sc. yvvaiK&v.
724. rj : I who, i.e. since I. 726. See on a 344.
728. 6pfvq0evros : sc. avrou, of him as gone, i. e. of his going. Cf. a 289.
729. ov8' tvl <|>po-l 6^o-0 : nor did ye think. cicd(rrr| : " a single one of you. "
730. tirio-rdntvcu : concessive participle.
732. ct -yap : see on y 256. oppatvovra : sc. aMv, that he was going.
733. TW K (idXa : in that case would he verily, the general apodosis then
Subdivided into TJ KCV efj.eive and TJ KCV eXenrev. 68010 : see on a 309.
737. Kat : sc. Ss as demonstrative. o<|>pa : introduces the purpose of *a\^-
<rfie, after the parenthesis of description.
739. el 8^j irov : (and see) whether now perhaps, like at KV TTWJ.
740. |e\0wv : sc. ^ dypov ir6\ivde from o 189 f. Xaouriv oSvpcrai : make
complaint before the people (suitors and sympathizing Ithacans).
744. t) ca : or let me alone, i.e. let me be unpunished. " Whether thou
slayest me or not, yet (8^) must I tell."
745. iripov ol : I furnished him. Cf. /3 379 f.
746. |wv : from me, ablatival genitive with IXero, instead of a dative of
reference. Cf. /3 377. 747 ff. See on 373 ff.
754. KO.KOV : imperative of Ka/c6w. KCKaKw^vov : already harassed.
755 f. iraYX v = construe with ?x^ eff ^ ai - lir^o-o-eroi : will be at hand, will
be left.
757. v4/p<J>t'a : the last two syllables are pronounced with 'synizesis.'
758. o-x#> : held from, with ablatival genitive, sc. Eurycleia as subject.
761. ovX.ox.vTas : merely symbolical, to introduce the prayer. See on y 441.
767-841. While the suitors prepare to carry out their design against Telem-
achus, Athena sends Penelope a comforting dream.
767. oX6Xv| : see on y 450.
768 = o 365. 769. See on /3 324.
771. o . . . TtVvKTai : i.e. 8ri <t>6vos T(? vl$ avrrjs
66 COMMENTARY.
772. Icrav : here a form of olda, not of elm. s TTVKTO : how matters had
come to pass.
776. o-iyfi TOIOV : construe with drao-rdyres, so quietly. See on o 209.
777. |Av0ov : scheme, plot, as in 676. o : for 3s, as in a 254. 45 o. jjpapcv
f|(iiv : it pleased us, i.e. we decided, in 673.
784. Tvxa : here weapons.
785. wpfiio-ov : see on /S 391, 7 11.
786. (Ae'vov KT\. : see on a 422.
789 f. <|>v-yoi, 5ap.(t] : would escape, etc., the optative representing a subjunc-
tive in oratio recta.
791. licpp^jpigc : gnomic aorist in a simile.
793. opficuvovo-av : this ' clinches ' the comparison and contains the main
idea, " so many anxious thoughts was she revolving when sleep came upon her."
795. See on /3 382.
796. 8(xas : accusative of specification.
802. irapd K\^l5os IjjidvTa : past the bolt-strap, English 'through the key-
hole.' See on a 442.
805. ov |wv o\>8 : no indeed they do not, strengthened negation. ptia ov-
Tfs : see on a 160, 349.
807. 06ois dXiTTJfwvos : transgressor in the sight of the gods, a participle used
as noun, with a dative of reference.
809. ^v 6vipeiT)<j-i irvXTjonv : at the dream-gates, figuratively of one just enter-
ing the palace of dreams. Cf. Vergil's sunt g'eminae somni portae
etc. Aen. vi. 893 ff.
810 f. irdpos irwXceu : hast thou been wont to come. G. 1258 ; H. 826.
814-816 = 724-726.
819 f . TOW 8^, TOV 8^ : for him indeed, yes for him, genitives of cause. (i^j
TI iraOrjcriv : lest aught befall him, a frequent euphemism for lest he die. Cf. ne
quid acciderit.
821. iva otxtxai : where he is gone, relative clause explaining TWV, which
limits S-^v-
825. nt)8 TI ird-yxv : and do not in any way at all.
826. iro|Air<5s : predicate, as escort.
831. cxXvcs aiSfjs : listenest to the voice, i.e. art acting in obedience to it.
832. tt 8' d-ye : then (54) come, I pray, here in apodosis.
837. KO.KOV : sc. iffrlv.
841. ws tvap-y^s : (seeing) how clearly. tireVo-vro : had visited.
842-847. The suitors depart to lie in wait for Telemachus.
846. ?vi :=evet<ri.
847. TH : there, adverb. There is reference to this ambuscade of the suitors
again in v 425 f., o 28 ff., ir 365 ff.
For the contents of the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Books, see 11 e-h.
THE NINTH, TENTH, ELEVENTH, AND TWELFTH
BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
These four books comprise the story of his adventures after leaving Troy
which Odysseus told Alcinous and his Phaeacian nobles at a banquet held on
the night following the thirty-third day in the chronology of the poein. All
these books are included under the caption 'AXxCvov airoXo-yoi, Narratives to
Alcinous. 11 ir-m.
THE NINTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
In the Ninth Book Odysseus makes himself known to Alcinous (1-38), and
then describes his adventures. The KvicXuireia occupies four fifths of the book,
and gives its title to the whole.
1-38. Odysseus praises feast and bard, then tells his name and home.
3 f . See on a 370 f . ou TI rtXos : no issue, consummation of effort and
outlay. 6. t'xu KO.TO, . = KOT^XT? possesses.
7. S<6|tara : the palace of the king of this imaginary happy folk.
9 f . See on 7 340 f .
11. Tovr6 TI : something like this, the enclitic adding indefiniteness to the
pronoun. 12 f. KrjSca : object of etpe<r6at.
13. o<j>pa : something seen" or felt as a result is transferred into the ordering
purpose of heaven.
14. irpwrov, v<rTd,Tiov : predicates. KaroX^w : aorist subjunctive in a
question of appeal.
17 f . ctScT : subjunctive, with short mode-vowel. av : with eta, which still
depends on 6<j>pa. G. 1367 ; H. 882.
19 f. irao-i : = iravTolot.*, with dt>\ouri, dative of cause. icat pcv : passes from
relative to independent structure. 21. 4v : = ewrn.
25 f. av-rij : itself, Ithaca. xOapoX'/j : low-sloping at the shore. iraw-
iKpTaTT] irpos to<|>ov : the poetical geography is not scientifically exact.
28. i^s y a is : than one's own land, the possessive here referring to the first
person. See on a 402. 29. avr69i : right there, in her own isle of Ogygia.
30 = a 15. The verse is not found here in the best manuscripts.
31. The story of Circe occupies Book X, that of Calypso Book V.
34. <3s : so true is it that. i^s : one's own, with indefinite person.
35. d irep KO.L : even if too, where the xai throws its emphasis specially on
n-iova. 37. v<rir : let me tell, subjunctive.
39-61. The sack of Ismarus and the disastrous battle with the Ciconians.
68 COMMENTARY.
40. 'lo-fidpu : the name of the city is in partitive apposition with that of the
folk. avrovs : contrasts the city and the dwellers thereof.
42. Scuro-d|u9a : we divided them among ourselves, with reciprocal force.
K(OI : might come off from the raid. fcrt)s : sc. /xofpijs. The sense of w's . . . TITTJJ
is "that no one of my men might have any cause for complaint."
44. rol 3^ : but they, subject, with fi-tya vjinoi in predicate apposition, great
fools, i.e. with great folly. 47. To<j>pa : meanwhile.
50. teal Iwurrd/jievoi dv8pd<ri /j.dpva<r6a.i 6'0i X.p'f] TIVO. fj.dpva.ff6ai irov eovra. The
whole clause S0i . . . t6vra is parallel to d<f> tirirwv, on chariots and on foot.
51. wpn : in their season, the season of their greatest glory, i.e. the spring.
53. I'va : like 5<ppa 13.
54 f. o-njo-dpcvoi : setting themselves in array, setting up their array.
4|*axovTo ixdx'qv : they fought a pitched battle, not mere tautology. H. 715 R.
Achaeans and Ciconians are both included in the third person of the verb, and
in the following dXXiyXoi/s.
56. Upov : sacred, as ushered in by a divinity.
57. irXcovds irp lovras : the particle is intensive, the participle concessive.
58. (xTvfo-o-To f3ov\uTovSc : was passing over towards the ox-loosing, i.e.
crossed the meridian and sloped toward evening.
62-81. Tempest and driving ivind on the sorrowful voyage homewards.
63. K Oavdroio : to escape from death, a thought implied in the preceding
wportpu ir\o/jv.
65. Tivd : every man of us, in collective sense, subject of dva-ai, which has
ticaffTov T>J> 5etXwv erdpwv as object. rpls ducrai : vale, vale, vale.
68 f. XaCXairi : dative of accompaniment. oniv : adverb, completely. Cf.
eripiunt subito nubes caelumque diemque | Teucrorum ex
oculis; ponto nox incubat atra Verg. Aen. i. 88 f.
75. Ka^dru) : dative of cause. Ovpov eSovres : '-'heart-broken."
77. MTTOVS : the plural of all the ships. dvd : aloft, adverb.
80. d\Xd : instead of ei /JL-/I.
82-104. The adventure with the Lotus-eaters. (See Tennyson's poem The
Lotus-eaters.)
82. cvvfjpap : this time suffices to take Odysseus out of all known geography
into the land of marvel, the indefinite West.
84. 01 ... cSov<riv : explanatory of the name, ' epexegesis.' 15 d.
88. ircvOeo-Bai lovras : to go and inquire, infinitive of purpose.
89. o-irov (= dpoi/pTjj *capir6v) cSovrcs : this specially distinguishes men as
compared with animals, or with the gods.
90. TpCrarov : predicate apposition. ap,' oirdo-o-as : sending along.
94. TWV os TIS : whosoever of these, followed by the iterative optative.
99. viro . . . Ipvo-o-as : I dragged them in under the decks and fastened them
there. 103 f. = 5 579 f.
105-566. The adventure with the Ci/clopes.
105-115. Description of the Cyclopes.
107. Ocoio-i irtiroiOoTts : no piety ; they left it all to the gods.
NINTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 69
109 f. rd -y : such things as (j>vrd, and the products of ploughing
explained in reverse order in 110. 111. <r$iv. for them, the Cyclopes.
112. Legislative assemblies and codes of law form the basis of civilization
and community life.
114. 6e|u<TTtvu : ironical reference to Otnurm (112), makes law-codes for, i.e.
rules absolutely.
116-151. There was a goat-frequented island just off the sliore of the land of
the Cyclopes, and here the ships of Odysseus land in the night.
116. TiTa : the story-teller's now then. irapeK Xijitvos : over against the
harbor of the land of the Cyclopes.
120. (iiv: the island. 125. irdpa : = irdpeiffi. 126. Ivi : e veuri.
127. a'i . . . cicao-Ta : which might do then every service in commercial inter-
course. 128. old T iro\Xd : just as oftentimes.
130. of : these rn&v T^KTOVK (126). vKTi|ilvT]v : predicate. The ship-
carpenters would not have tilled the soil, but a civilization which had ship-
carpenters would also have had tillers of the soil.
131. (wv -ydp : verily indeed. wpia : in their season, predicate.
134 f. apocris XcCt) : smooth ploughing, i.e. land smooth enough to plough.
But see 108. (tdXa pa0v XTJIOV : a very luxuriant crop. aUl ls wpas : at every
recurring season. dpwEv : they might cut, sc. the Cyclopes.
135. irl . . . ovSas : sc. to-rl, since great richness lies beneath the surface.
137. The verse explains ireiV/xaros with more detail. See on /3 391.
138. dXXd : from ov xpew fonv supply the positive idea eynv it is possible ;
skippers have only to beach their ships and wait, and there is not wave enough
to dislodge or injure them.
143. irpov<JxxivTO : impersonal, was it clear enough. The weather was thick.
ISe'o-Gai : for seeing, so that one could see. 146. 64>9aXfiouriv : i.e. plainly.
148. riKA.<r<u : intransitive, had beached themselves.
152-169. Hunt and feast on the Isle-of-Goats.
152 =j3 1. 153. avrfjv : has almost no intensive or contrasting force.
155. 'iva: see on 53 and 13.
157. 8ia KT\. : adverb, separately, arrayed in three separate bands.
160. Xd-yxttvov : intransitive, came by lot.
167. avrwv : contrasts the Cyclopes with their flocks. <j>6o-yy^v : with
i\efoffoij.tv by 'zeugma.' 19/.
170-192. Odysseus with one ship sails across to the land of the Cyclopes,
where they espy the cave of one of the giants.
172. tjtoC : possessive, not personal pronoun.
174. o'i TIVS : of what sort.
175 f. Another contrast between barbarism and civilization.
181. TOV \wpov : that tract of land which they had seen lying opposite the
island 166. 183-192. These facts Odysseus learns subsequently.
185 f. These verses describe a sort of Robinson Crusoe fastness.
189. de(i(TTia -fiSti : knew lawlessness, i.e. lived lawlessly. See on a 428.
190. T^TVKTO : = 1jv.
TO COMMENTARY.
191. dXXd. : the last syllable is made long by position. 62 h a.
192. 8 TC : i.e. plov, relative.
193-215. Odysseus selects twelve comrades for the visit to the giant's cave, and
takes along some of the marvellous wine of Maron.
200. d6|jLvoi : out of piety.
204. SvwSiica ircwriv : twelve in all, all told. d(J>vcrcras : sc. Sake.
205 f. avrov T|STJ : knew of it (the wine),
208. OT irivowv : whenever they (indefinite) drark.
209. t'fiirXTJo-as : sc. otvov. vSaros : with /j.frpa. dvd : upon, over, prep-
osition. The water was poured into the /cpT/r^p, then the wine. The usual
proportion in later times was three parts of water to two of wine.
211. r6r . . . T}CV : 'then to refrain had been no easy matter,' if one had
been there.
212 f. TOV : with d<rK6i>. e(AirXTJ<ras : translate by a relative clause, which I
had filled. 4v : adverb, within, explained by the local dative KupvKy. ga: sc.
214. avSpa : subject of the infinitive. liriajw'vov dXx^v : clad in power,
which only the marvelous wine could subdue. 215. tw clSora : see on 189.
216-230. The cave of the giant, inside.
220 f. iicao-Tai : the several sorts, subject of epxaro. To this Siacoe/c/ji/x^eu is
predicate, separately. 223. rtrv^iva. : sc. e&.
224 f. irpwrio-TO, : with aivvp.ti>ovs ttvai. fireWcriv : i.e. expressly. alvvfw-
vovs : the preceding t^t is here enlarged to include also the subject of \i<r<rovTo.
228. if TOU : though verily.
229. KoA cl . . . 8o(r] : and in the hope that he would give ; a ' desired contin-
gency.' See on 267.
231-255. Cyclops comes home, does his chores, lights his fire, spies the
intruders, and questions them.
231. 0v<rajxev : i.e. we gave the gods some cheese before we ate of it
ourselves. So at a sacrifice of animals, the choicest bits were burned for the
gods. 234. iva KT\. : that it might serve him at supper.
238. iravra pdXa : one and all, every single one.
240. ir'0T]K : put to the door (243) leading from ai/Xtf to &vrpov.
241 f. OUK av 6xMcro-iav : could nut have budged, past potential optative.
G. 1399 ; H. 896. 21 d S.
245. viro : adverb, underneath. e/cderrT? is then dative of reference.
246. 0p\j/as : curdling. 250. o-irv<r irovr]<ra|j.vos : busily performed.
251. cl^riStv : caught sight of us. 253-255 = 7 72-74.
256-271. Odysseus answers the questions of Cyclops, and demands guest-
rights.
256. Cf. 5481.
257. Scio-dvTwv : sc. wav implied in the preceding rip.lv, and limiting ^rop
( 22//3).
261. oX\T|v : instead of olKa.de. vvv y* : the future may perhaps reveal a
greater name. 264. ^y io " TOV : predicate to wrovpaviov K\&S.
NINTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 71
266. Kixav6(voi rd <rd -yovva : clasping these knees of thine, "casting our-
selves at thy feet." Cf. K 264.
267. cl : in the hope that, a desired contingency. G. 1420 ; H. 907.
268. TJ T : attracted from the neuter into agreement with 0l/us. Cf. S 691.
269. dXXd : so then.
272-305. Cyclops does not recognize guest-rights, devours two of the com-
panions of Odysseus, and lies down to sleep. To slay him would have been fatal.
272. cts : enclitic in Homer. rq\60v : from afar, where the character of
the Cyclopes is not known. 274. os : since thou.
279. Jurxes twv : didst steer on coming.
280. ir( : towards. oxeoov : to some spot near at hand.
281. l56ra iroXXd : who knew too much for him.
283. v&x : pronounced with 'synizesis.'
284. irl iretpao-i : he chooses the tit t(rx ar W of 280, and embellishes his
lie with great detail. 288. ir( : forth, adverb, with ta\\ev.
297. r : thereto. aKpTjrov : half-humorous with 7<iXa, from the custom
of diluting wine. 299. TOV jUv : with ovrdnevai 301.
301. 081 KT\. : where the midriff bounds (holds in place) the liver, i.e. just
between chest and abdomen, a vital spot.
302. Tpos Ovjios : a counter-thought. 303. avrov : right there.
304. oiJ KCV Swd|Xo-6a : we should not have had the power, the imperfect of
duration.
306-335. Next morning Cyclops does his chores, devours two more Achaeans,
and drives his flocks a-field, leaving Odysseus imprisoned in the cave concocting
vengeance.
311. 8^: then. 8r) ofrrc : with 'synizesis.' Sctirvov : dinner, the chief
meal, no matter when eaten. Cyclops would have no meal at noon.
314. s t T . . . m0eiT| : as though one were to clap cap on quiver, an archer
of course.
317. ct : in the hope that, if haply, a desired contingency, as in 267.
318. rfit : refers to what follows, attracted from the neuter by /SovXi).
320. tKrajxev : Qtrafjjev. 321. eto-KO|iev : we estimated to be.
322. oo-o-ov 9' torov : abridged and attracted from rdaaov &TO-OS T<? forty forix.
324. JTJV : sc. pbiraXov. H.T)KOS, iraxos : accusatives of specification.
tto-opdao-Oai : 'for to see.'
326. diro^vorat : to strip it of limbs and bark.
328. aicpov : sc. p6ira\ov, the adjective in partitive sense, at the tip.
330. Kara : down along, all along. K!X WTO K l Y ( ^ a : ^ a y w ^ spread.
331. KXr)pa) ireiraXdo-eai : to shake lots, i.e. to decide by lot. In the great
lot-scene of H 171 ff., each man's marked token was put into a helmet, and the
helmet shaken until one of the tokens had fallen out.
332. os TIS ToX|iT|(reiv : who should pluck up courage, representing a future
indicative of direct discourse.
334. iXaxov : fell out by lot, intransitive, as in 160.
335. ir(X' irTO s : predicate.
72
COMMENTARY.
336-370. At night Cyclops returns, does his chores, and eats two more
Achaeans, but Odysseus makes him drunk with the Maronian wine, tells him a
tricky name, and gets a tricky present.
336. rir^pios : at evening, predicate
adjective as adverb.
338. The contrast is with 238 f.
339. 6io-d|Xvos : he had a presentiment
that harm was coming to him, and this
harm must affect also his flocks.
348. olov TI ITOTOV : as what sort of a
drink, strictly in predicate apposition with
T<55e. Translate : what sort of a drink this
is which, etc.
349. Xoi(3T)v: predicate, sc. fj.lv, i.e. olvov.
cl: as in 317, 267.
351. K<xl \5o-Tpov : hereafter too, as I do
now.
355. en irp64puv : " more, please."
359. roSs : this stuff here.
362. KvK\wira, 4>pvas : whole and part
in apposition, the heart of Cyclops.
371-394. When Cyclops goes to sleep
this time, Odysseus and his men jab out the
monster's eye.
371. ^ KO, : no sooner said than.
372. K<i8 : adverb with ypei, fast.
379. &v|/<r6ai : to catch, i.e. to blaze up.
384. Tpvirw : = rpvirdoi.
ODYSSEUS OFFERS WINE TO CYCLOPS.
376. 5firro-t,: i.e. aloud.
383. 4<j>virp0ev cpcurfcCs : leaning on the top of it.
385. 01 tvepBev : i.e. the companions and helpers of the workman who leans
on the top of the drill.
386. dt|/d|ivoi cKarcpOc : laying hold (of the thong encircling the drill) on
opposite sides, and pulling alternately. Of course the companions of Odysseus
turned the stake with their hands, while Odysseus crowded it in.
393. TO : this process.
395-414. Cyclops dashes wildly about and summons his neighbor Cyclopes,
but they think him ill and leave him to his prayers.
403. TITT TOO-OV apt]|xvos : the participle holds the main idea for us, what
troubles thee so much that thou shoutest thus ? etc.
405. rj |i4j TIS : it cannot be, can it, that any one ? etc. Pporwv with rls.
408. ovSt" : but not in the thought of Cyclops, nor yet in that of his
neighbors.
410. olov 6vTa : and (if) thou art alone.
411. Aids : ablatival genitive with vowov. The thought is condensed for
" then thou hast the distemper sent from Zeus which is not to be avoided."
414. us : (seeing) how.
NINTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
73
415-435. Blind Cyclops thinks to catch the Achaeans as they go out of the
cave, but Odysseus ties his comrades under the rams, and hides himself under
the giant's big pet ram.
418. c I . . . Xd(3oi : see on 267.
419. ovria : with V^TTLOV. 420. oirws KT\. : see on 7 129.
422. iravras : as in 19. It suggests a irdffav for pijTiv.
425. iforav : there were there, owing to the providential step noted in 338 f.
429. 4>cpto-Kv : in each case carried, the iterative force affecting also aMfjxvos.
431. 5e : and so.
433. TOV : demonstrative, with emphasis in a resumptive verse.
434 f. dwrov : with
436-460. In the morn-
ing the flocks pass out
under the groping hands
of Cyclops, who stops his
pet ram for a confidential
speech.
440. avo : their lord.
442. 6p0wv tcrraoTujv :
as they stood erect, empha-
sizing anew the cunning-
ness of the /A^TU. v^irios:
predicate, in his fully.
443. s : that or how,
introducing the explana-
tion of rf>. ot : best ren-
dered as possessive with
6iwv.
444. JJL^XWV: with v<r-
TaTos, which is predicate. 445. irviciva <J>povovTi : the clever plotter.
448. wapcs tpx ai : nast thou been wont to go. G. 1258 ; H. 826.
vos olwv : (left) behind the sheep, ablatival genitive.
450. (jiaKpd (Jipds : with long strides, elsewhere in Homer of the warrior.
Cf. X 539, of the shade of Achilles.
455. ov TTW : with ire<f>vynti>oi> clvai.
456. el 8^j : would now that, introducing a wish.
458. T<O : in that case, then.
459. 0ivo(ivow : an apparent genitive absolute with omitted subject ( 22 fp),
here equivalent to a parallel clause, then would he be stricken down and his
brain, etc. irpos ovSti : with paioiro. Ka8 : adverb, completely.
461-479. Odysseus at last escapes with his surviving comrades, embarks with
booty, and from afar taunts Cyclops.
465. iroXXd irtpiTpoirtovrts : often heading them off, i.e. keeping them from
going towards their mountain pasture.
467. TOVS 8^ : the six victims of Cyclops.
ODYSSEUS UNDER THE PET BAM.
74 COMMENTARY.
468. dvd . . . ticdo-Tu : forbade each with, a toss of my head, i.e. threw the
head up (the opposite of 490), instead of shaking it in English fashion. Loud
wails or commands might have caught the ear of Cyclops.
470. iroXAd : c/enerously, without stint.
473. dirijv : 1 person. ooxrov . . . |3o^cras : sc. rts, as one can be heard
when he shouts. The fixed formula gives a rude measure of distance, like the
English 'within ear-shot.'
475. OVK cpcXXcs : thou wast not destined to. See on a 232. dvdXiuSos :
this contains the gist of the thought, "he turned out to be (is) no weakling of
a man whose comrades thou didst eat," etc.
477. 6(ieX\ : ioas destined, as in 475. tcaicd tpva : calamity.
479. rtf . therefore.
480-505. Cyclops hurls a mountain-peak at the ship and nearly washes it
ashore, but Odysseus puts still further out, and, against the prayers of his com-
rades, once more taunts Cyclops. 480. jidXXov : all the more.
482. irpoirdpoiOc : in front of the ship headed out to sea. Cyclops threw
over his mark.
483. A little (in front), and narrowly missed hitting the tip of the rudder-
sweep. Comparison with 539 f., where fjxT6iri<r6e takes the place of irpoirdpoide,
shows that olrjiov has been wrongly preserved here instead of some word denot-
ing the prow, perhaps tSefajfffv 7rpwpij<riov &Kpov. Possibly the whole verse has
wrongly crept in here.
486. irXTHAjivpts : explanatory apposition with jcfyia.
489. >f3a\iv Kwirrjs : fall upon, i.e. ply lustily their oars. Cf. iucumbere
re mis. The oars must have been pushed through the water when this phrase
first arose. 490. Kparl tcaravevuv : the opposite of 468.
491. Sis T6<r<rov : cf. 473.
493. tp^jrvov : tried to restrain, 'conative' imperfect.
496. KO.I 8rj KT\. : and lo ! we thought we were dead right there, the aorist
being vivacious for the future.
498. <rvv : adverb with &pa%e, utterly. 499. TOO-O-OV : so powerfully.
501. axj/oppov : with reference to 474. 504. <f>dcr0ai : as imperative.
506-542. Cyclops tries to entice Odysseus back, but, failing, curses him, and
vainly hurls another mountainous missile after his escaping ship.
507. Ixdvei : come home to me, i.e. are fulfilled upon me. Cf. Kix^ea-Qai 477.
510. teal fj.avTv6fxvos : similar to ' epanalepsis ' ( 19 b).
512. The verse explains rdde irdvra. 514. Cf. 214.
515. <ov : one who is.
517. irdp : the adverbial force may be given by freely.
518. S6|uv<u KT\. : explains the first half of the verse, so that ironir-qv is
object both of 6rp6vw and 56/j.evau, and (woo-lyaiov is object also of brptvu.
520 f. oiSt TIS oXXos KT\. . i.e. Poseidon can heal his son better than any
one else, and without the aid of any one else.
525. ws : as certainly as. The sincerity of the wish equals the certainty of
the fa'-t. 529. el ertdv : i.e. so surely as.
TENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 75
531. The verse is not in the best manuscripts.
534. ?X8ou: the wish forms the apodosis, a wish which was fulfilled in
every detail.
536. Poseidon now becomes the hostile deity of the great adventure. Cf. a
20 f., 68-75. 538. iri8ivfj<ras : with a whirl to give it impetus.
542. \ff><rov : here the Isle-of-goats, which they left at 177.
543-566. Return to the Isle-of-Goats, Feast, and Departure.
543. O'T : the apodosis is in 546. 549 = 42.
551. ^o\a : with special emphasis after ofy, equivalent to ytpas.
556f. = 161f., 558ff. = 168ff., 562 ff.= 178 ff., 565f.=62f.
THE TENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
1-76. The adventures with Aeolus, the wind-god.
4. Within this fastness the winds are confined, as in Vergil's cave, Aen. i.
52 ff. Xi<r<Hj : predicate. 5. TOV : genitive of source.
7. dKoins : accusative plural predicate.
10. aiXfi : in the court-yard, a supplementary limitation of 5uv/a.
17. 68dv : " to be sent on my way." 18. ov8 TV : then not at all.
19. |A' : /J.OL. 23. Kar&ei : sc. CLOKOV.
24. irapairvevo-g : impersonal, that there be no blowing past the knot.
27. avTwv : sc. ^/xerfyjjo'tj' our own, and see on a 7. diruXopcda : ice were
undone.
36. AldXov : with this form, the second syllable must be treated as long
before a single liquid. 386. 37. rls ttirt<rK : many a one would say.
41. XijtSos : partitive genitive, his share of the booty.
46. IraCpwv : with /SouXiJ. 56-58 = i 85-87.
59. 6ira<r(rd|Mvos : taking along. Cf. i 90.
66. Kal fX, trov KT\. : and anywhere thou pleasest.
75. direxOoH 1 ^ ? KT\. : the main idea is in the participle, thou art hated who
comest hither. For r6de, see on a 409.
77-132. The adventure with the Laestrygonians.
83 ff. A shepherd coming in might turn about and go out as cow herd, for
the night hardly lasts at all, as in the summer of northern latitudes. The
Cimmerians (X 14 ff.) are the legendary folk who enjoy the corresponding night
of winter in such latitudes, and legend makes both day and night perpetual.
91. o'i -y : they, my comrades on the other eleven ships.
96. irfrp^s : to a cliff. 100-102 = t 88-90.
103. lo-av KpdvTs : disembarked and went. 112. (-n\v) & : then.
113. Kard: greatly. 116. Cf. 291, 311.
117. Tw 5i 6vo : but the other two.
124. Satra : predicate, for a banquet.
76 COMMENTARY.
133-574. The adventures ivith Circe. (See Milton's Comus, and Haw-
thorne's Circe's Palace, in "Tanglewood Tales.")
133-186. The arrival at Circe" 1 s isle, and the killing of a huge stag to eat.
133 f. = i 62 f.
141. Xijie'va : for the quantity of the final syllable, see 62 (3).
143 f . = i 75 f.
145 ft. Vergil imitates this hunting-scene in Aen. i. 180-215.
150. KipKijs KT\. : as Odysseus finally learns.
155. irpoe'(v : infinitive with 5od<r<ra7-o.
159. VI'XTJS : partitive genitive, or genitive of designation, in the forest.
160. 8r] -yap (iiv KT\. : i.e. he was heated.
161. (K$a.ivovra. : sc. t vXrjs. |ira vura : partitive apposition with rbv.
163. (J.O.KWV : with a bleat.
167. d|i4><mpci>Bcv: with TrXe^dyueros, with both hands, of the criss-cross structure.
169. KaToXoj>d8ia 4>epwv : i.e. with the body of the beast weighing on his
shoulders and neck, and its feet bound across in front of him beneath his arms,
leaving both his hands free for the spear.
171. \ 1 P^ * T ^PU : with the other hand than the one usually given to the
spear ; freely, with one hand.
174 ff. -ydp ; indeed, preparing the way for dXXd so then 176.
176. o<|>pa : as long as.
179. IK 8t KaXv\j/dfivoi : they had covered their heads up in their sorrow.
187-207. Next day, Odysseus, bent on spying out the isle, divides his men
into two bands headed by himself and Eurylochus, and the lot sends forth
Eurylochus.
190 ff. ^dp, dXXd (102) : as in 174 ff.
193. cl TVS KT\. : whether any plan will yet be found other than the natural
one of exploring until they know where they are.
196. x^afj-aXri : as in t 25.
202. dXXd -yap KT\. : but really their weeping did them no good.
206. For shaking lots, see on t 331.
208-240. Eurylochus and his party seek out the palace of Circe, enter in at
her bidding, excepting Eurylochus, and are turned into swine.
213. tirel . . . cSoxev : after she had given, i.e. by giving.
222. I<rr6v : web. old KT\. : i.e. rolov Iffrbv ola epya Oeduv ir^Xovrai.
232. ttvai : was on foot. 233 f. This was afterward discovered.
241-260. While Circe feeds her swine, Eurylochus brings back tidings U
Odysseus.
249. d'yo<rcrd|u6 ' e^ptovres : put wondering questions to him.
253 = 211. This verse is not found here in the best manuscripts.
261-306. Odysseus starts at once, without even the guidance of the terrified
Eurylochus, to rescue his comrades, and on the way is instructed and armed bi
Hermes against the sorceress.
265. This verse is not in the best manuscripts.
277. 'Epjieias : as Odysseus knew him to be from his services.
TENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 77
278 f. This came to be the prevailing and abiding conception of Hermes in
Greek art. 280. See on 302.
281. 8r) avrt : pronounced with ' syiiizesis.'
288. rol pares : from thy head. 295. iralai : infinitive as imperative.
299. na.Kd.pujv : by the Blessed, objective genitive.
300. Contents of the oath. 301. Purpose of the oath.
305 f. The Homeric gods have a special vocabulary, as well as special gifts
and powers.
307-374. Odysseus enters Circe's palace, resists and overpowers her, and is
sumptuously tended.
309 = 5427. 315. Cf. a 131.
322. inf|ia : for the quantity of the ultima, see 62 (3).
323. |u'-ya : the last syllable is long before digamma, as before a single liquid.
325=o 170. 327. CIVT\T) : withstands, gnomic aorist.
328. leal irpwTOv KT\. : = Kal ov (or <JJ) <t>&p/jMKov irp&rov dpetyerai (aorist sub-
junctive) KT\., " whose lips the drug once passes."
334 f. 64>pa KT\. . in order that we may be united in loving intercourse and
come to trust each other. 346 = /3 378.
350. rat -ye : i.e. the servants of Circe, who were nymphs of fountain, wood,
and river. 353. See on a 130. Here the upholstery was double.
362. 0ufxfjps : predicate adjective as adverb, gratefully. With the hot
water, dipped from the tripod, she mingled cold water till the mixture had a
grateful temperature, and then poured it over the bather (X6e).
364 f. = 7466f.
368-372 = a 136-140. Some good manuscripts omit these verses here.
They are more or less redundant, but this is often the case in the employment
of set formulae.
375-405. Circe restores the comrades of Odysseus to their human shape, and
sends him to bring Eurylochus and his men from the ship.
334 f. irplv, irpCv : = irpdrtpov, irplv.
386. irp6<j>paoro-a : with genuine favor, " if that kindness is sincere which
leads thee to bid me eat and drink." 391. cvavrCoi : in opposite lines.
392. <j>a,pfjLo.Kov aXXo : other than the first, an antidote.
397. ?4>uv v \tfxrLv : see on /3 392.
398. ircuriv . . . y6os : all burst forth into yearning laments.
406-448. Odysseus brings his men from the ship to Circe's palace, in spite of
the protests of Eurylochus.
410. a-ypavXoi : in the barn-yard, = fv Kfapv (411). The calves are kept at
home while the mothers go out grazing.
415 f. They felt as glad as though they had got home. s : sc. & dy. So
in 420, sc. &v xo-pflrifuf. 425. orpvvccrOt : bestir yourselves.
431. iroo-': irije. 432. KarafMj}icvai : explanatory of KO.KUV.
434 f. Kal dvd-yKT) : even by constraint, i.e. they would be compelled to haunt
Circe's palace, as Cyclops compelled them to remain in his cave. In
lies the point of comparison.
78 COMMENTARY.
440. T$ KT\. : with this (sc. dopi) to smite off his head and lay it low.
448. 4viirr|v : threat, i.e. the blow threatened by gesture in 439 ff.
449-486. Odysseus with his restored and reunited companions is royally
entertained by Circe for a year, but at last he begs to be sent home.
456. This verse is omitted here by the best manuscripts.
457. 6o\p6v : copious, usually of ddicpv.
464. fie|ivii|A'voi : mindful of, i.e. engaged in.
469. ?T]V : ivas complete. ipl trpairov topcu : the seasons finished their
circuit and began a new round. Another and parallel phrase is /ecu twf)\vdov
upat. 481. -yovvwv: by her knees, sc. Xa/Sw?. G. 1101, 3; H. 738 b.
487-540. Circe informs Odysseus that he is destined to visit the realm of
Hades before he returns home, and gives him directions for the dreadful journey.
492. xp 1 ! " ^" ^ : t consult, future participle of purpose.
495. rol 8f : but they, sc. the other spirits. cnciaC: predicate.
496-499 = 5 538-541 (tv \//an<i0onri). 505. irapd vi\i: i.e. as thou voyagest.
507. qo-Oai : infinitive as imperative. 509. Iv0a : where, relative.
511. KeXo-ai : infinitive as imperative, apodosis to 508.
513. v6a: i.e. at the entrance to the lower world.
515. 8v iroTa|A<3v : i.e. Pyriphlegethon and Cocytus. At their junction
they plunge over a cliff, and form the Acheron.
518. dn<|>' avTw : i.e. all round its edges.
519 f. A funeral offering, food and drink for the departed.
521. iroXXd : fervently. VCKVUV KoLpi^va : a periphrasis for vticvas.
522 f. cXOwv . . . peeiv : vowing (sc. ei)xV e "os from yv/jLvovvOat) that when thou
returnest thou wilt sacrifice. tj TIS dpwrrrj : the best thou hast.
523. o-6Xuv : with costly offerings.
526. X<rfl : aorist subjunctive 2 person singular.
527. pc'gciv : infinitive as imperative.
528. els eptjJos : so in offerings to the gods below. The opposite is seen in
7 453 f .
529. Upcvos : in the direction of. Odysseus is to withdraw a little from the
trench, in the direction whence he had come. He is to return at 531.
540. s : how, beginning an epexegetical clause.
541-574. Circe's guests return to their ship, the luckless Elpenor alone
excepted, and Odi/sseus tells his comrades of the new venture.
542. i(xara: predicate, as raiment. 551. dir/jpovas : predicate.
554. cv Su|ia<ri : the context requires the meaning on top of the house.
558. Iwv Is xXCjiaica: the main idea ; he forgot to go to the ladder and descend.
The catastrophe is unnoticed at the time.
562. <j>do-06 vi> irov : ye think now, I suppose. 567. ydwv : tybdov.
568 = 202.
573. OVK cO&ovra : no condition is expressed, but an actual state, = d^Kovra.
ELEVENTH BOUK OF THE ODYSSEY. 79
THE ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
1-50. Odysseus sets sail, and, following Circe's directions, reaches the mouth
of Hades, and invokes the departed spirits.
1 = 5573. 2 f. Cf. 5577 f.
4. TO. (AT]Xa. : those sheep, mentioned K 57 8 = K 136.
9. oirXa . . . vfja : they " made everything shipshape."
11. Tqs : with Iffrla. iravtHiepiijs : predicate to TrovTovopofow, with the force
of an adverb. Cf. 535(5. " The sail 'drew' well all day." 12 = 388.
13. irilpara : the further shore, following Circe's direction in K 508.
15 f. See on K 83. 19. liri -. overhead. 22. 4>pour : in K 513 ff.
25-35. Cf. K 517-527.
36. s p60pov : their heads directed downwards, according to K 528. The
details corresponding to avrks . . . poduv K 528 f. are wanting here.
37. Cf. K 530.
38-43. An expansion of \(<vxal. Cf. Vergil's matres atque viri,
defunctaque corpora vita | magnanimum heroum, pueri innup-
taeque puellae, | impositique rogis iuvenes ante ora parentum
Georg. iv. 475 ff. 42. of : demonstrative. iroXXoC : predicate, in throngs.
44-50. Cf. K 531-537.
51-83. The spirit of Elpenor (K 551-560) converses with Od//sseus and beys
burial for his body. 53. KartXeCiroiwv : without knowing it.
58. c<t>9i]s 11 fy^ : thou hast come sooner than I. irejos twv : though journey-
ing on foot. And yet Oceanus had to be crossed (158 f.). For similar humor,
see o 173. 62. v : on, as in *554. 63-65. Cf. K 558-560.
66. TWV omOcv : by those thou didst leave behind thee, poetical partitive geni-
tive. See on ft 68. 68. \LOVVOV : predicate, as only son.
72. Iciv : when thou departest from Aeaea for Ithaca. KaraXcCimv : infini-
tive as imperative. Join with it 6iri6fv.
76. dvSpos KT\. : hapless man that I am, the genitive influenced by (HJ/ua.
KO.I . . . iru86r0cu : see on y 204.
82. avv9ev : on one side of the trench, corresponding to trtpwQev 83.
84-89. The spirit of his mother icould partake of the blood-offering, but is
prevented by Odysseus, according to his instructions.
84. ^\Qt 8' ir : then up there came, a formula introducing each spirit that
partakes of the blood-offering, 90 (152 f.), 387, 467.
85. 6vyd.Tiip : agreeing with ifsvxj rather than [ir]Tp6s.
88. ov8' <3s : i.e. though I felt pity for her, amplified by irvKi.vbv KT\.
89. irplv . . . irvOt'o-Oai : as ordered by Circe K 537.
90-151. The spirit of Tiresias tells Odysseus all that awaits him in the future.
91. o-KTjirrpov !=x>v : constructio ad sensum, as though Tftpeffiijs pre-
ceded. For the meaning of the sceptre, see on /3 37. I-yvw : Tiresias recog-
nizes Odysseus before drinking of the blood. He differs from the other spirits
80 COMMENTARY.
in retaining 0p^es and v6os, and in being ireww^vos (*493 ff.). Still, even he
is strengthened by the draught.
92. The best manuscripts omit this verse here.
102. Xrfjo-civ : sc. at as subject. o : demonstrative, to be treated as relative.
103. Cf. i 536. 104. KO.I us : i.e. in spite of Poseidon's wrath.
106. oirort irpwrov : when once, quam primum.
110. do-ivt'as : predicate ; the last two syllables pronounced with ' synizesis. '
114 f. : Cf. i 534 f. 121. px<r0ai : infinitive as imperative.
125. irrtpd : we call sails ' wings,' though they do not move as oars do.
128. x lv : sc - ff ^ as subject.
130 ff. The wanderer is to spread abroad the cult of Poseidon and so mollify
the god's wrath.
134. i ciXos : away from the sea, on land, whereas his companions (with
whom arf-rv contrasts) are all to perish by the sea. Poseidon's wrath is to be
wholly appeased. The words were early misunderstood to mean 'from the sea,'
and the story of the death of the hero at the hands of Telegonus, his son by
Circe, was developed in explanation. 135. poXa TOIOS : see on a 209.
137. vrjjwpT^a : predicate adjective as adverb. 141. r^jvSt : here.
144. TOV ovra : as being that one, i.e. that I am he.
146. Easy is the course I shall tell and suggest.
152-224. The spirit of his mother converses with Odysseus, tells him all that
had taken place before her death at Ithaca, and also why she cannot now embrace
him.
156. rd8: these scenes. 159. Cf. 58. &vra : sc. rivd.
161. iroXvv \povov : with aXtfyievos.
168. i ov TO. irpwTMrra : since that first time. 173. See on 7 280.
174. irarpos : perhaps genitive of ultimate source, where a genitive with
irepi would be possible as an alternative. Cf. 494.
175 f. irdp : = Trdpeffri abides among. " Is the royal power still mine, or is
it another's." 182. 6iupat : pitifully, predicate.
184. iEK-qXos : the suitors had not come when Anticleia died.
185. T6|ie'va vtjitTai : i.e. administers the royal properties, enjoys the royal
grants. 187 f. avroOi : explained by dyp$.
190. \tipa. : accusative of duration of time. Ivl olic<{> : not tv OaXd/j-y.
191. elrai : wears.
193. iravTT] : anywhere. Kara -yovvov KT\. : see on a 193.
194. 4>vXXo)v : genitive of material, with evvai.
197. OVTW : i.e. iro0{o\iaa crbv vtorov.
202. o-6s ir66os : i.e. yearning for thee, the possessive pronoun containing
an objective genitive. G. 999 ; H. 694. <ra |vtfjSea : i.e. ir69os <rS>v w$twv, the
things missed put with pathetic brevity for the sense of missing them.
206-208. Vergil copies in ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia cir-
cum:|ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago, | par levibus
ventis volucrique simillima somno Aen. ii. 792 ff., vi. 700 ff. lK-
Xov : predicate to a subject eWwXo?.
ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 81
211. <j>i\as x i P : dual aiid plural united.
213. tC8\ov KT\. -. predicate apposition with rode, can this 6e some spectre
which, etc. 219. ?xovo-iv : support.
225-332. Odysseus sees the spirits of many wives and daughters of ancient
heroes, and they tell him their stories, Tyro (235-259), Antiope (260-265),
Alcmene and Megara (266-270), Epicaste (271-280), Chloris (281-297), Leda
(298-304), Iphimedeia (305-4320), Phaedra, Procris, and Ariadne (321-325),
Maera, Clymene, and Eriphyle (326 f.). He could not mention even their namet
if he talked all night, and it is time to sleep already.
333-384. INTERLUDE : Praise of the story, and desire for more of it.
336. irws : exclamatory question of admiration, equivalent to irotos.
338. eivos ^p.6s : the special guest of Arete because he had formally suppli-
cated her on first entering the palace, clasping her knees (if 142).
339. T : tlierefore. TO. 8pa : those presents, already collected and packed
away in a chest, which Odysseus has fastened with his own knot (0447 ff.).
343. dvSpcov : partitive genitive with 5s. irpo-yevcVrepos : an ' absolute com-
parative,' well on in years.
344. OVK diro O-KOTTOV KT\. : not wide of the mark nor wide of our mind.
346. " But it is Alcinoiis who must give the decisive word of command."
348. TOVTO ?iros : this proposition of Arete's, 339 f. OVTW to-rai : shall be
carried out. at icev : so surely as. 353 = a 359. 354 f. = 1 1 f .
358. Kal r6 : even this delay with accumulation of gifts.
363. TO ... cCo-Koptv : this indeed we in no wise think of thee, viz., f^ev KT\.
364. old TC : = ws.
366. SOcv KT\. . 'out of what no man can see,' from invisible material, 'out
of whole cloth.'
368. us ore : sc. Ka.Ta\tyfi n,v6ov, but render as equivalent to <Js.
369. irdvrwv 'Ap-ycbov : i.e. the returning companions of Odysseus, i 159.
375. ore : in case that.
379. ' To everything there is a season, and a time to every purpose under
the heaven.' Eccles. iii. 1. 381. TOVTWV: with oiVrpirepa.
384. -ywaiKos : i.e. Clytaemnestra. Cf. y 269 ff.
385-484. Odysseus, resuming his story, tells how he saw the spirit of Agamem-
non, and learned the manner of his death.
385. Continues 329. 387. v\\9e 8' tirl : see on 90.
389. Cf. S 534 ff. 393 f. Cf. 219 ff.
397. This formula of stately address occurs often in the Iliad, but only
here in the Odyssey. 398 = 171. 411 = 5 535.
414. 01 pa : SC. KTtlvovran. 4v : SC. of/cy.
415. The datives express time. Cf. a. 226.
418. Kelva : that scene, explained by cJs (how) KT\.
421. olKTpoT<vn]v : predicate, the most pitiful voice I ever heard was that
of, etc.
423. dp.<{>' (xoC : upon me, as I lay dying. irorl y a 'n : w ith ftd\\oi>. He
tried to lift his hands in defence, but had to let them fall helplessly.
82 COMMENTARY.
424. ircpl <J>ao"yavo> : transfixed by the sword which Aegisthus had left in his
body. 427. OVK oXXo : sc. t<rrl, there is naught else.
429. olov 8Vj : exclamatory, lo! what a shameless deed, etc.
430. rj TOI ?4>i]v -y : verily I had thought.
432. Xu-ypd ISvIa : see on 1 189. 433. ot : on herself.
434. teal . . . T)<riv : even be she a well-doer ; i.e. even on the well-doers.
441. T : therefore. ctvai : infinitive as imperative.
442. fivOov airavra : equivalent to TTO.V TI, all and everything.
443. TO & : nominative, subject of the imperative phrase following.
445. tv . . . oI8v : has good counsels in her heart, ' she openeth her mouth
with wisdom,' Proverbs, xxxi. 26.
447. f|(Mi$ : Agamemnon visited Ithaca, with Menelaus, in order to per-
suade Odysseus to join the expedition against Ilios, as he, with the other suitors
.of Helen, had agreed (w 116 ff.). Other traditions make the cunning of Pala-
medes necessary to outwit Odysseus, who feigned madness in order to avoid
leaving his wife and infant son. Trick and countertrick are familiar.
452. vlos : genitive, to sate myself with (gazing on) my son.
456. irio-rd : adjective as substantive, possibilities of trust, faith in, sc. fa-ri.
458. ?TI SWOVTOS : predicate. 464. KO.KOV : SC. fori.
465-540. The spirit of Achilles converses with Odysseus, and proudly hears
of the exploits of Neoptolemus.
467 ff. The same grouping of names occurs in 7 109 ff.
474. rCirrt KT\. : " What is left for thee now to attempt ? "
479. Kara xp's : through need of, i.e. for consultation with, xpwfa 1 ' * t v xy
Teipefflao 165. 481 = 166. 482. o-cio : in comparison with thee.
483. fia.KapTa.Tos: (sc. fjv) 'absolute' superlative, greatly blessed. OVT' ap'
6ir<ro' : SC. efftrerai.
489 ff. " Poor man's hireling were better than dead men's king."
494. IlT)XTjos : the genitive as in 174.
495. \i Tiji^jv : = re/j.^vea vt/j.era.1 185. 497. Kara: adverb, fast.
498. t -yap : sc. tfyv.
499 f. otos KT\. : strictly predicate, as which I slew, i.e. as I loas when I sleiv.
502. T K T<p : in that case for many a man (nvl).
503. ol' : explaining rty, of such as.
509. IK SKvpov : it was here that Achilles had been concealed by Thetis
among the daughters of King Lycomedes, and it was Odysseus, too, who craftily
discovered him.
511. ovx Tj|tdpTav ixvOav : did not miss the proper words, i.e. always said
the right thing, a good instance of 'litotes.' 19d. 517 = 328 (irdo-as).
518. oo-o-ov Xaov : how great a host,, explaining ir<fras.
519. olov KT\. : how he did slay ! exclamation. Strictly ofo? is predicate
adjective, what a man that was whom he slew I
521. yvvabov fi'veita, Supwv : because of the bribing of women, i.e. because
Priam had given Astyoche, his sister, the wife of Telephus and mother of
Eurypylus, a golden vine to induce her to send her son to the war. The story
ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 83
of Eriphyle (326) has a similar trait. The details of both stories are developed
in post-Homeric literature.
522. KciXXio-Tov : predicate, he was the fairest man I ever saw.
523. iirirov : cf. d'212. 'Eireios : Vergil gives the names of the Greeks
who issue from the horse, and includes Epeus, et ipse doli fabricator
Epeus Aen. ii. 264.
527. -yma : subject of rp^ov. 531. eglpcvai : to let him out.
534. (ioipav . . . x wv - Vergil has Neoptolemus slay Priam, Aen. ii. 533 ff.,
and makes the portrait of the youthful hero harsh and savage. The Homeric
portrait is exquisite. 539. iioxpd f3i(Bcura : see on 1 450.
540. o : = 6 TI, quod, because.
541-567. The spirit of Aias Telamon will have naught of Odysseus.
541. at aXXcu : including Patroclus and Antilochus, 468.
542. KTjSea : i.e. his relatives, as objects of solicitude when present, and of
sorrowful longing when absent. 546. iQr\Ki : offered them as a prize.
547. SiKoaav : adjudged the prize. After the death of Achilles and the
funeral games in his honor, Thetis offered his armor to the bravest of
the Achaeans. Odysseus and Aias had rescued the body of Achilles from
the Trojans, and each claimed the prize. Athena induced captive Trojans to
decide the case in favor of Odysseus.
548. ws HTJ o(j>\ov : see on a 217. roiSS' r dcOXw : in strife for such a
prize. 550. ire'pi, trtpi : adverbs with T^TVKTO. See on a 66.
553. OVK ap' i'fieXXes : couldst thou not then ? see on 1 475.
556 ff. TOIOS irvp-yos : in predicate apposition with the subject of dn-
such a tower of strength as thou didst perish. In the Iliad Aias is called
'Ax a 'wc, bulwark of the Achaeans. oreio : causal genitive with dx^f^Oa, re-
sumed by <f>0i/j.^voio.
557. KetJxxXrj : dependent on la-ov, instead of a genitive parallel with o-eto,
which would cause ambiguity.
565. ofj.ws Kx^ w H- vo s : in spite of his retiring in wrath. KCV irpoo-<j>Ti : sc.
tut. " I should have followed him for further speech from him or me, had not
curiosity to see other spirits stopped me." Odysseus did follow to the very
entrance of Erebus.
568-626. Odysseus looks into Hades and sees many illustrious spirits,
Minos (568-571), Orion (572-575), Tityus (576-581), Tantalus (582-592), Sisy-
phus (593-600), and Heracles, who reminds him of his own descent to Hades
(601-626).
569. o-Ki]irTpov : see on /3 37.
574. avr6s : i.e. while living in the upper world.
584. iru'eiv : denotes the purpose of e\{<rffai.
591. ^iri KT\. : adverb with ndvaffffai, when he aimed at these, to clutch thereat
with his hands.
598. A dactylic verse, in which sound and idea happily correspond. 16 d.
600. K Kparos : sc. as he stooped to the stone.
607. yvfivdv : bare of its case or pouch, ready for action.
84 COMMENTARY.
608. altl PO\^OVTI : sc. nvi, one who is ever about to shoot.
610. I'va : = iv f, of the reXa/xti?.
613. "May this be the last work of such a terrible artist, and O that he
had not wrought this ! " A vivacious union of two incompatible wishes, as in
5684.
621. x"P vl <{>WT : i.e. Eurystheus, ruler of Argos, on whom Hera secured
the fulfilment of the prophecy intended by Zeus for Heracles (T 96-133).
623. Kvva : Hoiner neither describes nor names Cerberus. Cf. Vergil's
Cerberus haec ingens latratu regna trifauci | personal, adverse
recubans immanis in antro Aen. vi. 417 f. a|ovra : future participle
of purpose.
627-640. Odysseus retires in panic fear from the entrance to Hades, seeks
his ship, and sets sail.
631. Theseus and Peirithous also, like Heracles, had made the descent to
Hades. Cf. Vergil's sedet, aeternumque sedebit, | infelix Theseus
Aen. vi. 617 f. 632. rl d-ycipcro : came on in throngs.
639. Kvjia pooio : the billowy current.
640. The passage was accomplished first by oars and then by sail, back
again across Oceanus to the inner 0dXcur<ra.
THE TWELFTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
1-27. Odysseus returns to Aeaea, where he buries the body of Elpenor, and
where Circe again receives him kindly.
4. dvToXal 'HcXtoio : the home of Circe, like that of Medeia, was originally
in the mythical East, which the Argo penetrated (60-72).
10. Cf. X 74 ff., K 554 ff. Vergil imitates the Elpenor episode with that of
Palinurus, Aen. v. 833-871, vi. 337-383.
28-141. Circe foretells to Odysseus the perils that await him from the Sirens
(39-54), the Planctae (55-72), Scylla and Charybdis (73-126), the cattle of Helius
(127-141).
35. Odysseus here tells Circe the story of the eleventh book.
38. |Avf|o-6i KT\. : "and heaven will not suffer thee to forget it."
50. Brio-dvTwv : imperative. 51. awrov : the mast itself.
54. SiSc'vTuv : imperative. 58. {JovXtveiv : infinitive as imperative.
59. v0v (itv : the contrasted way is described in 73 ff.
61. 0eol KaXc'ov<riv : see on K 305. 64. TV : partitive, sc. nvd.
70. irdo-i fieXoxjcra : cf. i 20. AWjrao : cf. K 137.
71. fktXcv : sc. Kt/jLara. (68) as subject.
73. ol Se Svw o-KdireXot, : but yonder two peaks, ol fj.tv being contrasted with
tvBev \dv 59. The independent nominative is more vivacious than the partitive
genitive. 6 jj^v: the haunt of Scylla, contrasting with T&V 5' Irepov 101, that of
Charybdis.
75. TO ptv : this, i.e. this condition of being wrapped in clouds.
TWELFTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 85
81 f. fl irtp av l0vvT : where (i.e. on which western side) you will perhaps
(S.v, in case he selects this course rather than the one by the Planctae 56 f.)
guide. For the subjunctive, see 21 6 (2).
86. o-KvXaicos : a fanciful etymological explanation of the name SwiXXi/.
93. pia-tri] : half-way, i.e. up to the middle of her body.
98. dKT|pioi : predicate adjective as adverb.
101. TOV 8' eTpov : corresponding to 6 ^v 73.
102. ir\T)o-iov : adverb, SC. elfflv oi ffK&ire\oi. 106. TV\OIS : SC. uv.
107. Cf. i 525. 108. dXXd ndXa : so by all means.
114. TTIV 8: i.e. Scylla. The hero is unwilling to accept the dreadful alter-
native. He wishes to escape both horrors.
116. 8$iav: pronounced with ' synizesis. '
123. Toorcrrjaiv : just as many as the first time.
127. 0piva,KtT)v : cf. X 107-113. The name in Homer has nothing to do
with Sicily, and must not be associated with Trinacria (Tpivaicpia).
130. tKoo-To. : in every drove and herd, combining both dytXai and irweo.
137-141. Cf. X 110-114.
142-200. Odysseus leaves Circe's isle, and, following the directions of the
goddess, succeeds in passing the Sirens in safety and yet in hearing their marvel-
lous song.
147. This verse is omitted here by the best manuscripts.
148-152 = \ 6-10.
156. elSores : contains the main idea, "that we may know what awaits us,
and so be prepared for probable death or possible escape."
162 ff. see on 51 ff. 175. |Afy<xX.T] ts : the great force of my hands.
181. see on t 473. 182. rds & : apodosis.
184-191. Knowledge of past and future is the bait the Sirens offer. In
Eden, it was the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil that was
withheld from the First Parents.
201-259. Odysseus avoids the terrors of the Planctae, and makes the awful
passage between Scylla and Charybdis.
203. TWV : SC. eralpuv, with xeipwv.
204. pojiprio-av : splashed as the blades fell upon the water. Then the oars
hung trailing from the thole-pins. 208. y*P : surely.
209. |ietov KCIKOV : predicate to r6Se, this is no greater evil which impends.
212. KO.I wow KT\. : and so somehow this peril (rwvde) I think we shall (live
to) recall. Cf. Vergil's forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit Aen. i.
203. 220. o-Koir\ov: i.e. the Scylla-peak. Xd&Qoiv: sc. vqvs as subject.
221. Ktio-f : i.e. to the Planctae.
225. VTOS : inside the ship, contrasted with their places at the thole-pins.
230. irpwpris : explanatory apposition. There were two f/cpia.
231. 4>t'p : threatened to bring. 232. 6<r<r : subject of eKa/uov.
238. -irdo-a : with KVKWM^IJ, all seething, and so in 241.
245. ro4>pa : i.e. while all eyes were on Charybdis.
252. SoXov : predicate to ttdara, bits of food as bait.
86 COMMENTARY.
253. Kt'pas : i.e. the tube of horn which protected the fish-line above the
hook from the bite of the lish.
254. dcnrcUpovTa : in this word lies the point of the comparison, which is
elaborated into a picture of completes! detail.
258. ol'KTio-rov : predicate, that was the most pitiful sight my eyes ever beheld.
260-293. Odysseus, on approaching Thrinacia, is mindful nf the learnings
of Tiresias and Circe and would fain sail past, but his comrades protest.
265. av\iontvdv : sc. by the nymphs of 132. 267. Cf. \ 106 ff.
278. EvpvXoxos : mutinous again ; cf. K 429 ff.
279. Wpi: excessive, strictly an adverb, sc. tvri.
280. TJ pd w KT\. : verily now thou must be icholly made of iron.
286. IK VWKTWV : from the nights, i.e. during them.
291. imOwpeBct : let us obey. Night commands to eat and rest.
293. tvTJ<roji.ev : will launch out, sc. vrja.
294-373. Odysseus exacts from his comrades an oath not to touch the cattle
of Helius, and lands upon the island, but a month's tempest keeps them there till
all provisions are exhausted, and famine drives them to the forbidden food.
295. 8: = 8ri.
312. rpC\a VVKTOS : l the third watch of the night' and the last, i.e. towards
morning. jura f3c|3f|Ku : had passed over the meridian and were sloping
toward the horizon. Cf. t 58. 313-315 = 1 67-69.
320 f . -yap . . . 8t : surely ... so then, or since . . . then.
330. 8rj a-ypTjv : pronounced with 'synizesis.'
331. on KT\. : whatever came to their hands.
336. tir : at hand, adverb with 7/v. In 349 it has the force of thereto, with
fffTTuvrai accede.
350. airo : for good and all. irpos xvjia x av " v KT ^- ' open my mouth to
the billows and die, a bitter description of drowning.
357. 4>v>XXa : leaves to be thrown into the fire hi place of the ov\&x VTeu -
See on 7 447. 359-361. Cf. 7 454-458.
362-365. Cf. 7 459-463. 372. tls ornv : to my woe.
373. fu'-ya tp-yov : as in 7 261.
374-396. Wrath of Helius and awful portents.
379. wirt'ppiov : adverb. 380 f. Cf. X 17 f.
389. tjKovo-a KaXv\J/ovs : ample opportunity for this is afforded in the action
of f, the Calypso-book.
397-453. On leaving Thrinacia, Odysseus is shipwrecked, his comrades
perish, he himself drifts back past Charybdis, and at last reaches Calypso's isle.
399. 8tj ipSojiov : pronounced with ' synizesis.' Cf. 330.
413 f. Cf. excutitur pronusque magister | volvitur in caput
Vergil Aen. i. 115 f. 422. irorl rp6iriv : sc. from the vpvuvri 411.
423. tirCrovos : the Trp6rovot were broken 409.
435. t\ov : intransitive, = Zffav. 439. dv^rrt) : gnomic aorist.
443. (jL^ero-w : in the midst of the seething water.
451. X 1 5S fiv66|iT)v : sc. in ?; 244 ff. 453. dpi^TjXeos : with
THIRTEENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY. 87
THE THIRTEENTH BOOK OF THE ODYSSEY.
1-92. Odysseus having thus ended his story (t-/*), all retire for the night.
The next day is spent in feasting, but at evening mutual farewells are said, and
the hero is conveyed asleep on the magic ship of the Phaeacians to Ithaca.
1 f . = X 333 f . 5. irdXiv irXaYX^'vTa : sc. from Ithaca.
6. a\|/ dirovo<rrfjo-iv : to Scheria. No more experiences like that with
Aeolus K 56-76. 7. <t>Upcvos : urgently.
10 ff. Cf. 0300 ff., 438 ff. Fourteen 'changes of raiment,' thirteen talents
of gold, and a golden beaker lay in the chest, which was fastened with the
private knot of Odysseus (0 447 f.).
13. 8w[itv KT\. : Alcinoiis thus fulfils the promise made X 351 f.
14. dvSpaxds : there were twelve /ScwiXiJes besides Alcinoiis.
15. TiorojwOa : we will recompense ourselves, the taxation of heroic times.
17 = 7396.
21. iiro i>yd : below decks, under the tKpia. fore and aft, as in 1 99.
24 f. TOIO-I, Zrjvi : i.e. in honor of Zeus, for the guests to eat.
29. iroXXd : often. 32. veiov dv' : = avd. vet6v.
33. Ko.T'8v : gnomic aorist in simile.
34. iroix<r6ai : infinitive in the relation of loose purpose, for his going, the
cause of gladness and the result of the sun's setting.
35. do-iroo-Tov : contains the gist of the comparison. As hi /u251 ff., the
simile becomes a picture with minute detail.
39. x a 'f* T : f are y e well, w i { h full meaning, as well as parting formula.
56. avT60tv e eSptwv : right where they sat.
60. rd . . . irtXovrai : " which are the unbidden guests of men."
83 f. vn|/6<r deipoficvoi, us dcCpero : "as spirited horses under the lash leap
high in air and dash on their way, so the ship under the mighty propulsion of
the oars leaped over the water."
92. One of the ' Ten Thousand,' when that brave band had reached Trape-
zus on the Euxine, and was deliberating about their further advance home-
wards, made the following speech (Xenophon Anab. v. i. 2) : "For my part,
men, I am tired of packing up, and tramping, and running, and carrying arms,
and marching in line, and mounting guard, and fighting, and I want to stop
these toils, since we have the sea, and to sail the rest of the way, and to go
back to Greece stretched out at full length, as Odysseus did."
93-125. At the harbor of Phorcys in Ithaca the Phaeacians land Odysseus,
still asleep, with all his treasures.
98. Xifitvos iroTiireiTTTjviai : on the harbor-side, gently sloping, strictly an
ablative genitive, as one looks from the harbor.
99. dvlpwv : subjective genitive with <cO/xa.
104. Ipov : adjective as substantive. A grotto is still shown to visitors at
Ithaca, which has features remarkable enough to have suggested' the following
flight of fancy. 110. at ptv : sc. Ovpat, one door.
COMMENTARY.
114. 6'<rov KT\. -. as far as half her whole length.
118. aiirtf KT\. : bed and all. The Attic would have avr$ T$ \iv<p KT\.
125-164. Poseidon is enraged at the Phaeacians for thus favoring his enemy,
and turns their returning ship with its crew into stone.
127. irpwrov : once for all, as with tirel (133). Cf. (536.
130. rol . . . -yeveOXTis : according to the genealogy in ?? 55 ff., Poseidon was
grandfather of Alcinoiis, and great-grandfather of Arete.
131. iraOdvra : contains the main idea, would suffer before coming home.
151. iV T)$TI O-XWVTCU, : that at last they may check themselves.
152. d|j.4>iKa\v|/ai : depends on <?0<?Xw 149.
156. Oetvai : infinitive as imperative, sc. vija, to which \l0ov is predicate.
Cf. 163. This stone ship is now pointed out to travellers near the harbor of
Corfu, which tradition identifies with the Homeric Scheria.
165-189. The Phaeacians, fearing the further wrath of Poseidon, sacrifice
and pray to him. Meanwhile Odysseus awakes on Ithaca.
170 f. Cf. S 772 f. 172 =t 507.
184. ilSeurav : for the quantity of the first syllable, see 62 h /3.
187. 4<rTWTs trtpl (3j(j,6v : and this is our last glimpse of this kindly folk.
Poseidon seems to have carried out his wish, and walled their city up.
VOCABULARY
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
a : ah ! O. a dei\f, wretched man !
d-a-yTJs, -ft (/rdyvvfju) : adj. unbroken,
unbreakable. X 575.
a-airros : unapproachable, invincible.
daw, aor. art, 8.d<ra>>, aor. pass, ddffOti
(S.ri)) : deceive, lead into folly, ruin.
dpaidw, aor. dpd.Ki>iffai> : am ignorant,
suspect nothing. S 249.
dpXiixpos : soft, gentle, weak.
d-ya-: strengthening prefix, very, ex-
ceedingly. Cf. dya.K\tir6s.
d-ya^wv : aor. partic. of &yu, lead.
d-ya96s 3 : good, noble, brave. Rarely
used of moral quality. /3oV d-ya 66s,
good at the war-cry, brave in war.
dya&6v, as subst., good.
<vyo.-KX.aT6s 3 and d-yai<XvT6s (/c\<?os):
renowned, honored, famous.
d-yaXXofiai : delight, exult.
a-yaXpa, -aros : delight, splendid gift.
a-ya^di, fut. dydffffeffffai, aor. riydff-
ffaTo, dydffa<T0a.i : admire, wonder at;
begrudge; am vexed, am angry.
'A-yaji6(iv6veos 3 : Agamemnon's.
'A-ya.|iefivovC5T]s : son of Agamemnon.
' Patronymic,' 42.
'A-ya^fivwv, -ovos : Agamemnon, son of
Atreus, grandson of Pelops, king at
Mycenae. As the leader of the ex-
pedition against Troy, he is promi-
nent through the whole of the Iliad.
At the close of the war, on his arri-
val at home, he was slain by his own
cousin Aegisthus, the paramour of
his wife, Clytaemnestra. a 35 ff.,
y 248 ff., S 512 ff., X 387 ff., w 20 ff.
d-yavos : kindly, gentle.
d-yavo-<j>po(rvvT] (<f>p^v) : kindness. X 203.
d-ydofiai : grudge, am vexed. Cf. &yafj.ai.
d-yaira<i> (cfyaTrij) : welcome, receive
kindly. dya.ira6/m(voi <f>i\fovffti', wel-
come with open arms.
d'Yair-V|v<op, -opos : loving bravery, brave.
d-yairr)T6s : beloved.
d-yaa-o-dfxcvos, d-ydo-o-<r0cu : see Aya^ai.
d-yd-o-Tovos : loud-groaning, roaring.
3 : admirable, excellent, noble.
: message, tidings, news.
ot, fut. dyyeXtwv, aor. dyyel\cif :
bear a (the) message, announce.
a-yyt^os : messenger, ambassador.
a-yyos, -eos : bowl, pan, vessel.
a-yt, a-yere : strictly imv. of &yw, lead,
bring, but generally used as inter-
jection, up! come!
d-yetpw, aor. yyctpa, Ayeipav, 2 aor. mid.
dytpeffOai, dyp6/jtevoL, pi. plpf. dyijyt-
pa.ro [dyrfyeptJLfroi fiffav], aor. pass.
dytp0T], TjyepQfv \Tjyf pd^ffa. v, 47 o] :
collect, bring together, assemble.
VOCABULARY TO THE
d-yeXaios (dyfrri) 3 : of the herd.
d-Y'Xao-Tos : adj. at which one cannot
laugh, dismal.
d-yi-Xefrq : giver of booty. Epithet of
Athena as war-goddess.
ayi\i\ : herd.
d-ylpE<r6cu, d-yt'p^ 1 ! : see dyetpw, collect.
: proud, mighty, impetuous.
: wonder.
: 3 pi. plpf. of dydpu, collect.
, -opoj (dv/ip): manly, proud.
d--yr|paos, d-y^pws (yfjpas): ageless.
d-yicds : adv. in (my) arms.
a-yKio-rpov : hook, fish-hook.
d-yxotvT] : arm, pi. arms, embrace.
a-yxos, -eos : glen, valley.
d-yKptfidaacra : aor. partic. of dw/cpe-
fjLdvwfjLi, hang up. 32 b.
d-yXao-icapiros : of splendid fruit, luxu-
riant.
d-yXaos, clear, splendid, glorious.
d--yvoito, aor. riyvolrfffev (yiyv&ffKu) :
fail to notice, not perceive.
d-yvos 3 : pure, holy.
a-yvvpi, aor. eoe, 2 aor. pass, tdyy
(fay-): break, shatter.
d--yvws, -WTOJ > unknown, e 79.
a--yvw(TTos : unknown, unrecognized.
d-yopdo|i.cu, aor. dyopr/ffaro : address.
d-yoptvco : say, speak, tell.
d-yop^ (dyeipw) : assembly, place of as-
sembly, speech to an assembly, dyo-
p'r/i'Sf, to the place of assembly, 36 d.
dyopij6ev, from the place of assembly,
36c.
d-yoprjTws, -ws : speech, eloquence. 6 168.
a-yp-avXos : field-dwelling, dwelling in
the fields.
a-ypti : chase, hunt. /j. 330.
a-ypios (dypos) 3 : wild, savage, rough.
d-ypi6-()>ci)vos : rough-voiced. 294.
dypoiwrris : of the country, boorish.
d-ypoixlvouri : aor. partic. of dyelpu,
assemble.
: field-ranging, f 106.
d-yp6s : field, country (opp. to city).
d-yporepos 3 : wild (of animals). 43 c.
d-ypwo-crw : catch, hunt, e 53.
a-ypwo-Tis : a kind of grass, f 90.
d-yviTJ : street, way, road.
d-yupis (cf. dyoptf): assembly. 7 31.
: adv. near. Const, with genitive.
: Nearsea, a name coined
for the story, a 180.
yx i -P a 0TJs, -<?s: near-deep, i.e. the water
is deep near the shore, e 413.
: near the gods, i.e. nearly
related to the gods, e 35.
: adv. near, near by.
o-yxwrra : adv. nearest. Sup. of &yx<-
d-yx * : adv. near.
a-yw, fut. flfety, 2 aor. yyayov : lead,
conduct, bring, fetch, lead away. The
connection indicates from what and
to what the motion tends.
d^wv, -cows : assembly, contest, game.
d-8a^fi.wv, -oj>os (Saijvai): ignorant, in-
experienced.
d-SaKpvTos : without tears, tearless.
d8eX.<j>os [d5e\06s]: brother.
d86\)KT|s, -& : bitter, grievous.
a&to, aor. adrt/reifv, perf. dST}K6ras : am
sated with, loathe.
&8tjv : adv. enough, to satisfaction.
e290.
dSivos : huddling, ddivbv, dSivd, cog-
nate ace. as adv., vehemently, loudly.
d-S^s, -TITO'S (dd/j.vrjfj.t): untamed, un-
broken (of an animal) ; unwedded (of
a maiden).
a-8|iTjTos 3 : untamed, unbroken.
&8oi : aor. opt. of dvSdvu, please.
' ASp^o-ri] : one of Helen's maids. 5123.
deBXiov : contest, game.
aeOXov: prize of contest, contest. 27 a.
aeOXos : contest, trial, struggle, task.
cuiSw [<?5a>], aor. imv. Heurov. sing.
d-ciKe'Xios 3 : unseemly, wretched.
d-ciKcXCws : adv. wretchedly, pitifully,
d-iKT|s, -ts : unseemly, shameful.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
deipw [afpw], aor. tLtipav, aor. pass, dep-
0ft s, dpffeis : raise, tafce wp, bear, tyba-'
t, 6orne aJo/, stepping high.
: adv. against the will.
d-ttcwv, -ouffo (f-): unwilling, against
the will.
acXXa (d^/xi): Was* violent wind, wind.
d-tXTrVjs, -<?s : unhoped, unlooked-for.
dt'vrwv : gen. pi. partic. of ATJ/HI, 6iow>.
dtj-w (cf. wax, augeo): give increase,
cherish, nourish; mid. increase, rise
(of a wave).
dcpOtis : aor. pass, partic. of de/pw.
ato-a : aor. slept, passed the night.
d^dXcos 3 : dry, seasoned.
&o|xai : reverence, feel pious fear.
at]|u, inf. a.'fi^fva.i, dr/vai, impf. fii; : blow
(of the wind), dij/uepos, beaten by the
winds.
dt|p, dat. typi : air (as opposed to the
clear aiO-np), mist, fog.
ci.TJTt]s : wind, breeze, blast.
a-Odvaros 3 : undying, immortal, im-
perishable. dOdvaroi, immortals, i.e.
gods.
a-Oairros (rd<pos): unburied.
d-0|io-Tios : lawless. dtfe/xiVrta e/5ws,
knowing lawless things, i.e. lawless-
hearted.
d-0fuo-Tos : lawless.
d0p : disregard, slight, despise.
d-0e'a-<j>aTos : ineffable, abundant.
'A0T)vti and pi. 'A0fjvai : Athens, y 307,
X 323, r, 80. 40 d.
'AO^jvt] and 'A0T)vah] : Athena, Min-
erva. She appears often in Homer
as war-goddess, as she is represented
in works of art ; hence she is called
IloXXds (spear-brandishing), y\avK&-
ITIJ (flashing-eyed), dye\tir) (giver of
booty). She was the special patroness
of Odysseus (already before Troy,
B 160 ff., K 277 ft., * 768 ff.), and
not only contrived his return to
his home (Odyssey, passhn, esp. a,
e 5 ff., f 13 ff., B 1 ff., v 221 ff.), but
also aided him to slay his wife's
suitors (x205ff.,297ff.) and to make
peace with the people (w 528 ff.).
d0T|pT|-Xoi-y6s : chaff-destroyer, winnow-
ing-shovel. X 128.
dOXirnfjp, -jjpos : athlete. 6 164.
a0Xov : contest. See &e6\ov.
d0pb>, aor. dQpTjffcu : see, behold.
aOpoos : assembled, all together.
a-0vfios : spiritless, discouraged. K 463.
at [']: if. at Ke = tdi>. al (thus ac-
cented) 7dp often introduces a wish.
ata, gen. attjs : earth. Equiv. to 7010,
79- 25/.
Ala(r) : of Aea. Epithet of Circe, i 32.
A(aCr) : Aea. Mythical island of Circe
in the far west. K 135. The eastern
Aea (Colchis) was the home of Aeetes,
Medea's father.
AlaictSTjs: son of A eacus. Of Achilles,
grandson of Aeacus, X 471.
Alas, -avros: Ajax. (1) Son of Tela-
mou, king of Salamis, the mightiest
of the Achaeans next to Achilles.
7 109, X 469, 553. (2) Son of Oileus,
swift-footed leader of the Locrians.
5 499 ff.
Al-ya: Aegae. Town in Achaea, on
the north coast of Peloponnesus.
Famed for its worship of Poseidon.
e381.
al-yavr) : javelin, used chiefly for hunt-
ing or in games. The Attic dKdvnov.
at-yeios 3 and afyeos (at): of goat-skin,
goat-skin.
at-ycipos: black poplar.
at-yi-poros : goat-feeding, pasture for
goats. 5 606.
at-y'-oxs (exw): aegis-bearing. Freq.
epithet of Zeus, esp. in genitive.
At-yi<r0os : Aegisthus. Son of Thyestes
(5 518), and so cousin of Agamem-
non, whose wife, Clytaemnestra, he
led astray (7 263 ff.), and whom he
VOCABULARY TO THE
killed (5 534 f., X 409). He was slain
by Agamemnon's son, Orestes (a
298 ff.).
al'-yX-t] : gleam, brightness.
3: of Aegypt, Aegyptian.
: Aegyptius. /3 15.
Al-yvirrov-Sc : to Aegypt. 36 d.
At-yvirros: fern. Aegypt; masc. the
river Aegyptus, i.e. the Nile.
atScofiai and al'Sofxai, iinv. aioeio [aidov,
50/], aor. pass, (as mid.) imv.
al5fo8i)Tc feel honorable shame or
self-respect, reverence, am abashed
before.
a-CSrjXos (a-fiS-): (making unseen), de-
structive, destroying. 309.
' A-iSTjs, gen. 'Aiddo, 'AiSeu, "Ai'dos (fi5-) :
Hades, god of the unseen lower
world. 20 a. His realm is the home
of the dead ; in the Iliad, it is be-
neath the earth (016, T 61 ff.), while
in the Odyssey, Odysseus sails to it
across Oceanus (K 508 ff.), and finds
in it a faint, ghostly imitation of life
on earth. Noticeable are the ellip-
tical expressions ei's 'Aldao (sc. So/wus),
civ 'Al$ao (sc. 56/iois), 'AiS&ffde ("At'Sos
56/jLov8e).
atSoios (at'Sws) 3 : revered, honored.
alSoiorcpos : more revered. X 360.
d-iSptiT] (ft5-): ignorance.
a-iSpis : ignorant. K 282.
atSws, -oOj : shame, modesty, sense of
honor. alSoi, modestly. Often in a
good sense for which a single word
is lacking in modern English.
aUi, aUv [dei]: always, ever. 26 e.
aUi- - ytvTT)s : ever-existing, eternal.
aU-vdwv : partic. ever-flowing.
aUr6s : eagle. /3 146. 26 e.
allies : vigorous, n 83.
alT]6s : adj. as subst. vigorous youth.
aUrjs : gen. of olo, land.
A.li\TT\s : Aeetes. See At'afy. K 137.
atOt [ftffe] : introduces a wish, y 331.
aJ0T|p, Wpos: the pure upper aether
above the clouds, in contrast with
the lower d$p.
Al0ioirs pi. : Aethiopians ; a mythical
people, living in two nations at the
extreme east and west, beyond the
limits of geographical knowledge,
on the borders of Oceanus. They
are pious men, loved and visited by
the gods (as were the Phaeacians,
7;201ff.). a 22 ff., 584, e 282.
al06fievos 3 : burning, blazing.
ai'Ooxjcra : portico, corridor, vw aWotiarf,
in the corridor. The pi. is used of
the two : one (atdova-a auX^s) an outer
corridor, through which a passage
led from without into the court ; the
other (atOovffa. 5w/naros) a porch be-
fore the vestibule of the (ityapov,
through which a passage led from
the door into the men's hall. The
latter was the usual sleeping-place
of transient guests.
at0o\|/, ace. aWoira : bright, sparkling.
ai'6pT| (alO-fip) : clearness, clear air.
at0pTi--yVTTjs : born of the aether, aether-
born. (Possibly, aether-living.) e296.
attvia : diver, water-hen, e 337.
atiOwv, -wvos : bright, lustrous, a 184.
at K [edv]: if, with the subjunctive.
aljia, -aros: blood; race.
alfj.v\ios : wheedling, winning, coaxing,
a 56.
atvew (aTvcs) : commend, assent, p. 294.
CUVIO|ACU : praise, commend. 6 487.
atv6-|xopos : of dread fate, t 53.
alvos 3 : dread, dreadful, terrible.
alvoraros : most dreadful.
atwfjiai : take, seize, i 225, 249, 429.
alvws : adv. awfully, mightily.
aX]-, gen. 0^76$ : goat.
Si|as : aor. partic. of diVcrw, rush.
AtoXiSi]s : son of Aeolus (not the Aeolus
of K Iff.). X237.
AUSXios 3 : Aeolian, of Aeolus. K 1, 55.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
Al'oXos : Aeolus. Ruler of the winds,
K 21. He received Odysseus, and
provided for his return. K 1 ff.
alireivos : high, lofty, f 123.
aliros 3 and alirvs, cuVeta, aiirv : high,
lofty, steep, sheer; utter.
aipe'to, fut. aipri<rofj.ai, HOT. elXev, Xe,
ei'Xero, ?\ovro, and gXwxe : take, grasp,
seize, gain, capture, overcome; mid.
choose.
alo-a. : lot, share, fate, appointed des-
tiny.
ato-ijios (aUa) : fitting, suitable, due.
Sr<rw, aor. TJIO.I>, partic. Ai'ao-a : start
up, rise, rush, flit.
a-io-ros (f i5-) : unseen, hidden, a 235.
aio-row, aor. pass. aia-Twffrjffav : hide,
pass, disappear. K 259.
atl<rvXos : dreadful, horrible. /3 232.
al<rx|AVT|Ti]s : umpire, master of the
games. 6 258.
atrxos, -eos : shameful deed, shame.
wvw : disgrace, bring shame upon.
MMt) through shame.
, -ovoj : J.eson. Father of Jason,
king of lolcus. X 2u9.
aiTt'to : asfr, request, beg.
at-n.aop.ai., 3 pi. aiTt6uvra.i ( 50 c) :
charge, accuse, blame.
atTi<i> : request, beg. 5 651.
al'nos : accountable, guilty, to blame.
alxpivrfjs : spearman, warrior.
at\J/a : straightway, quickly.
at\|/Tipos 3 : speedy, quick.
cUw : Aear.
atwv, -tDvos : duration of life, life.
aKavOa : thistle, thistle-down.
<XKa\(ci>, aor. a.KaxoifJ.i}v ( 46/), perf.
ci.Kdxrifj.ai : grieve, pass, grieve (in-
trans.), perf. am grieved, troubled.
os (a c u) : pointed, sharp, tipped.
aor. imv. d^cra<r^e (d/cos) : /;eZ,
cure, provide a remedy.
aKwv, aKc'ovo-a : in, silence, in peace.
a-Ki]ST|s, -& uncaredfor, neglected.
: not to be charmed, un-
charmed, unmovable. K 329.
d.KT|v : adv. quietly, still, hushed.
d-KT]pd(rios : unmixed, pure, i 205.
d-KT|pios : unharmed, p. 98.
d-Ki8voTpos 3 : meaner, less stately.
a-KiKus : weak, i 515.
a-KXavros : tearless ( 54 h), unwept.
d-KXerjs, -h, ace. Sing. d/cX^o (K\^OS):
without fame, without tidings, in-
glorious, d 728.
d-KXcius : mysteriously, ingloriously ,
adv. of d/cXe^s.
a-KXr)pos : without lot, poor. X 490.
aK}x6-0Tov : anvil-block. 6 274.
a,K|iwv : anvil, y 434, 274.
aKvijcrTis : backbone, spine. K 161.
d-Koii-r)s (Keifj.a.1, Koirrj): (bed-mate), hus-
band, spouse, f 120.
s, ace. pi. d/cotris : wife, spouse.
^w (&KWV): hurl. ^229.
dKovd^ofxai : hear, listen, i 1.
a>fovf\ : tidings, news. /3 308.
a-Kovpos : without son. 17 64.
aKovco, inf. aKovfufvai, partic. d.Kov6v-
rtfffft, aor. yKovaa and &Kov<ra : hear,
give ear, listen.
d-Kpdavros : unaccomplished, what will
not come to pass. /3 202.
aKp-aijs, -^s : freshly blowing, ft 421.
aKpr] (strictly fern, of &Kpos): height,
head, headland.
a-Kpt]Tos: (unmixed), pure.
, -LOS : height, mountain summit.
: confused, indiscriminate.
atcpov : height, headland, brink.
'AKpoveus : Acroneos. A Phaeacian.
111.
dKpo-iroXis : acropolis, citadel.
dKpo-iropos : sharp-pointed, piercing.
axpos : point, end.
aKporciTos : topmost, furthermost.
dKTT| : headland, promontory, shore.
): meal. /3 355.
-. ray, beam.
VOCABULARY TO THE
fi.Kv\os : acorn. K 242.
&Xa-8 : to the sea. From fi\s. 36 d.
dXd\KTj<riv KT\. : see dX^w.
dXdoficu, 3 pi. dXfajirat, imv. dX6a>
50 c), perf. (as pres.) dXdX^ac
wander.
dXads: blind, sightless.
dXaow, aor. &\dw<rev. blind, deprive of
sight.
a-Xao-Tos : not to be forgotten.
vs, -5o$ : blinding.
^o), aor. subjv. dX-yi^-ere : grieve,
suffer, n 27.
dX-y(v, -ov : more grievous, worse.
dX-yos, -os : grief, pain, trouble, woe.
dXc'ao-Oai : aor. of d\tofj.ai, avoid. 51 g.
dXe-yeivos 3 : painful, grievous.
dXc-yvvcd : heed, regard, busy (my)self
with, make ready and enjoy (of a
feast), a 374.
dXe'-yw : care for, regard.
dXteivw : avoid, shun.
aXcio-ov : cup, beaker, chalice.
dXcic|>ap, -O.TOS : oil, polish, y 408.
dXtu{><i>, aor. dXeii/'a : anoint, tiri ovar
d\ffyai, stop the ears, n 47.
AX^KTwp, -opos : Alector. A Spartan.
S 10.
dXlgw, aor. dXe^cretc, 2 aor. d\d\Kr]ffiv,
inf. d\a\KtfjLi> : ward off; with dat.
of interest, defend.
dXeofiai, 1 aor. dXewiffftu or oKtaaOou
( 26 /, 51 g): escape, avoid.
&Xt(r<ri : dat. pi. of fiXs, salt.
dXcrpcvw : grind, tj 104.
oXri (d\dofj.ai): wandering.
a.\-r\9tlr\ : truth.
, -h : true. dXr/^a, the truth.
vio : wander.
dXi-a-qs, -^J (&ri/u.) : sea-blowing, blowing
over the sea, with sea-blasts. S 361.
dXt-yKios : like.
aXicws, -^os : seaman, fisher, p 251.
'AXi-Ocpo-i^s : Halitherses. An Itbacati.
/3157.
dXi-|xvpTJis, -evros : flowing to the sea.
e460.
dXios (aXs) 3 : of the sea.
aXtos 3 : fruitless, ineffectual, in vain.
"AXios : Halius. A Phaeaciau. 0119.
dXio-Tp<j>TJs, -fs : sea-nurtured, d 442.
dXioco, aor. d\iu<rai: render vain, thwart.
dXi-irop(t>vpos : sea-purple, sea-blue.
oXis : adv. enough, abundant.
dXio-KOficu, aor. pass. aXuifot : am cap-
tured, overcome, e 312.
dXiraCvw, aor. dXirovro, partic. dXtrT;-
/jxvos : wrong, offend, sin against.
dXirpos : knave, rogue. (Sometimes
used playfully.)
'AXK-dvSpi] : Alcandra. A Theban ;
wife of Poly bus. 5 126.
dXidj, dat. d\Kt ( 406): defence, help,
strength, courage, bravery.
aXKipos: brave, courageous ; of defence.
'AXi<-voos: Alcinous. Phaeacian king.
f 12 ff., 0118. To him Odysseus tells
the story of his wanderings, i 2 ff . ,
X 363 ff .
'AXK-iirirn : Alcippe. Slave of Helen
at Sparta. 5 124.
'AXKjjurjvii : Alcmene. Mother of Hera-
cles. /3 120, X 266.
dXXd : conj. but, yet, on the other hand.
Sometimes correlative with (Uv. Oc-
casionally it may be translated so
now, as 7 359, 380.
oXXri : adv. strictly dative of dXXos.
elsewhere. &\\os &\\y, one here,
another there.
a-XXrjKTOs (\riyu): unceasing.
dXXrjXwv, aXXTjXoKn, dXXijXoi/s : each
other, one to the other.
dXXo-YvwTos: stranger, foreigner. /S366.
dXXo-8airos 3 : strange, foreign. PI.
foreigners, men of other lands.
d.XXo-i8TJs, -ft : of other form.
dXXo-Ocv : from another place. AXXofcf
dXXos, one from one quarter, one
from another. 36 c.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OK T11K ODYSSEY.
aXXoOi: elsewhere, somewhere else. 3(36.
dXX6-6poos : of other speech, foreign.
dXXo-iSrjs, -fr : of other form.
aXXos (alias) 3: other, another, oi
&\\oi, those others. &\\v8is &\\ri, one
this way, another that. A\\a, dXXa,
some things, others. It is freq. fol-
lowed by a noun in apposition, as
tKToOev AXXwv | fi.vr)<TTriptj}i>, apart from
the rest, [viz.] the suitors.
oAX-oT : at another time, d 236.
dXXorpios 3 : of another, another's.
Cf. alienus.
oXXvSis : adv. in a different direction.
dXXuSu &\\y, here and there.
cLX-Xvovo-av: partic. of dva\vu, unloose,
ravel. 32 6.
oXXu>s (fiXXos): adv. otherwise.
, -arcs : leap, spring, jumping.
: brine, briny crust, f 137.
aXjivpos : briny, salt. 5511.
dXoi<j>T| (d\d(pw) : ointment ; fat.
aXocr-vSvT) : sea-sprung, daughter of the
sea. 5 404.
a-Xox<>s (X?x<>) : spouse, wife. Cf. dfcoiTijs.
dX6u>, d\6uvrai : from dXdo/xat, wander.
aXs, aX6s (salum): fern, sea; esp. the
sea near the shore, as distinguished
from both the high seas and the land.
0X5, dat. pi. &\effffi : pi. salt.
0X0-05, -cos: grove; esp. a grove con-
secrated to a divinity. (Cf. rt^i/os.)
Temples were not frequent in the
time of Homer ; the god's sanctuary
was generally simply a grove or en-
closure with an altar. ' The groves
were God's first temples.'
dXvo-Ku, aor. ^Xua : escape, avoid.
a-XvTos : not to be loosed. 6 275.
dXvu : rage, am frantic, i 398.
'AX4>i6s : Alpheus. River and river-
god of Arcadia and Elis. 7 489.
dX<J>T]crTT|s : gain-seeking, hard-working.
(Others conjecture d\<pe<rr^, and
understand it as barley-eating.)
oX<J>iTov: barley; pi. barley-meal, coarse
barley-groats, to be distinguished
from dXe/ora, wheat flour.
'AXwevs, -T)OS : Alueus. X 305.
aXwrj : (threshing-floor), terrace, field
(planted with vines or trees ?).
dXiofitvos : partic. of dXdo/tat, wander.
aXJjvai : aor. inf. of d\i(TKo^.ai, am taken,
am overcome.
an : up, along, for dvd, by ' apocope '
and ' assimilation ' before *-, /3, <f>.
32.
&p,a : adv. at the same time, together,
with.
a|ia|a: wagon, wain, car.
dfiaprdvcD, aor. dpapre and (Aeolic)
rtfj-pporev ( 33 g), fut. dfj.apr^ffo/j.ai :
miss, fail to hit, fail, lose.
djiavpos : indistinct, faint.
dfido>, aor. dfjLijffdfjLevo^ : mow. reap ;
mid. gather together.
d(i-paiviv : inf. of dva^aivu, go up.
dfx-pa-ros : to be ascended, scaled.
a-pppoa-ir] : ambrosia, food of the gods.
d-(ippoo-ios 3 : ambrosial, divine.
a-(x(3poTos : immortal, divine. 33 g.
d-ne'-yapTOS (neyalpu): (unenviable),
dreadful.
i, aor. subjv. dfutyerat, inf.
: answer, reply ; change,
pass.
d(iivwv, -ov : better. Comp. of dyafffa.
: milk.
6s : powerless, weak, faint.
d|xpSc, aor. H^pae deprive, take away.
d-|iTix*vtT) (nyxdiri]): helplessness.
: gen. of a/i6$ [^i^repos], our.
Aeolic forms of the first possessive
pronoun, we, us.
d-p.(j.opo? (/x6pos) : without lot or portion.
dpviov : basin, for catching the blood
from a victim's wounded throat. 7444.
d>6-06v : from some point, a 10. 36 c.
d}u>if3f| (dudpu): exchange, requital.
VOCABULARY TO THE
dpoX-yos : darkness. 5841.
a|i6s [iin^Tfpos"\ 3 : our.
a-fiorov: adv. eagerly, ceaselessly.
afjLireXos, fein. : c/ne. t 110, 133.
djiir-txw : surround, cover. f225.
aji-irvwTO : aor. of dvairvtu, revive.
afiuSis (ana.) . at the same time, together.
'A(xv6awv, -ovos : Amythdon, father of
the seer Melampus. X 259.
d-|ivnv, -ofos : blameless, honorable.
djivvTwp, -opos : defender, protector.
djxvvu), aor. dfj.vva.1 : ward off, defend.
Freq. with dat. of interest.
d|A-<f>a-5iT|v : adv. openly.
d|x-<f>dSu>s 3 : open, unconcealed.
d(i-(j>a-86v (<t>alvw): adv. openly.
d[x-(|>acriT] (<t>i)/j.i) -. non-utterance; with
tirfav, speechlessness, aphasia.
d|A(j>-a<j>d<o : /eel, handle.
d|i4>-eir<i> : see duQitiru, surround.
dp.<{>-pxofjiai, aor.d/x^Xvtfe: come about.
d|x<|>-x.v0T] : aor. pass, of d/j.<f>ix^ u -
dn4>T|Xv0 : aor. of dn<j>{pxo/j.ai.
dji(j>C (S./j.(f>u) : adv. and prep, about,
around, on both sides. Often equiv.
to vepl, but wepl is used strictly of
what surrounds in a circle. Const,
with gen. , dat. , and ace. d/j.<f>l p
on the banks of the streams. Cf.
d|i4>C-aXos : sea-girt, a 386.
'An4>(-aXos : Amphialus. 6 114.
dji<}>i-paivw, perf. dfjupiptp-riKe : go about;
perf. have come upon, stand on both
sides of, protect ('bestride'), occupy
(S 400).
d^4>i,pdXXw, aor. dn<j>t[3a\fo()a.L : throw
about.
d|i<!>i-yvT]-f(s (yvtov): (ambi-dexter):
strong-armed. Epithet of Hephaes-
tus; sometimes used as a proper
name.
d|i4>i-Sivl<i>, perf. pass. d/^tSeSi^Tcu :
turn about, lay about.
d|i<)>(-Sv|ios : double, i.e. one on each
side (of the island). 5 847.
dfj,<t>i-Xicr<ra : fern. adj. curved at both
ends (or on both sides), shapely.
Epithet of ships, esp. of those drawn
up on shore. Only at the close of
the verse.
dfi4>i-vwfii, fut. dn(f>itffu, aor. partic.
dfjL<t>itffa.ffa : put raiment about, clothe.
d(x4>i-e'ir<o, d(i4>-iro) : am busy about.
dfj.<f>t{irovres, busily, irvp d/i^eTrev, fire
surrounded (with an idea of activity).
djiii-Otw : run about.
d(Ji<|)i-KaXvirTw, aor. dutfuKoKinj/ai : cover
about; receive, of hospitable enter-
tainment.
dn4> l -K^' J M'' Sc'iras : two-handled cup.
d|i<|u-|JLXas 3 : darkened on all sides,
of a mind black with passion.
d|i4>i-|iVKdofi,ai, perf. as pres. d/j.(j>int-
nvKf -. bellow, roar, resound about.
dn4>i-Tre'Xofiai : am about, float about.
dn4>i-iriirTa>, aor. partic. dfi.<f>iwf<rov(ra :
fall about, throw (her) arms about.
d|i4>i-iroXo$ (ir^Xto) fem. : (one who is
busy about), maidservant, maid. Cor-
responds to the male Oepd*<av.
dn4>i-puTos (pfa) 3 : flowed about, sea-
girt. Cf. dAi0t'aXos.
dp.<}>is : adv. and prep, with ace. on both
sides, about, round about. Cf. dn<j>l.
'AjjK^iTptrrj : Amphitrite. A nereid,
' representative of the surging sea. '
791.
d|x<t>i,-Tpo(iC(i> : tremble for, fear about.
Const, with genitive. 5 820.
'A(A4>iTpvuv, -wvos: Amphitryo. Hus-
band of Alcmene, putative father of
Heracles. X 266.
d|j.c|n-4>opevs, -rjos (0^pw): jar with two
handles. Cf. amphora, Att. d/ouo-
pei^s. See dff/cSs, iriOos.
dji4>i-xw, aor. pass. d^fx^O-n -. pour
about.
'A\L$i<ov, -ovos: Amphlon. (I) One of
the builders of Boeotian Thebes, X
262 ; (2) son of lasus, X 283.
FIRST TWELVE HooKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
d(j.cf>6Tpos (d/u0w) '}-. both. dn<portprjffiv
(sc. x f P ffiv )i wiiA both hands.
dpu|>oTpa>-0v: (from both sides), on both
sides.
dfjujxo (a in bo): both.
duuiev : opt. of dfj.du, ?now, reap.
av : modal adverb, indicating a con-
dition. 'There is no word or ex-
pression in English which can be
used separately to translate d?.' In
one use, to denote ' that the action
of the verb to which it is joined is
dependent upon some condition, ex-
pressed or implied, we express it by
the form of the verb which we use.'
'When it is joined to el or to relative
or temporal words, it generally has
no force that can be made perceptible
in translation.'
In use Av is essentially equiv. to
K<? or ictv, which is far more frequent,
and some scholars think the use of
Av to be un-Homeric.
' In simple sentences and in the
apodosis of complex sentences, Av
and K&V express limitation by circum-
stances or condition.'
' In final clauses which refer to the
future, the use of Av or *4v prevails.'
' In conditional clauses the subjv.
and opt. generally take &v or K^when
the governing verb is a future or in a
mode which implies a future occasion.'
Avd, av, dp. (before labials, 32 6) :
adv. and prep, up, thereon, upon,
along. With dat., as dvd wMVi on
his shoulder; thrice with gen., as
civ 1-7765, on the ship, /3 416 ; more
freq. with ace. dvd Xwrat, unfasten;
dva. iffra.ro, he stood up; dvci Affrv, up
through the city ; dva dfj/Mv, through
the country, in the country, dva. A<rrv
and KO.TO. A<rrv are used with slight
difference of meaning ; in such ex-
pressions, metrical convenience seems
to have determined the choice be-
tween dvd and Kard.
dva-p<xiv<, aor. d/j.palr), dva^/jievai ( 47
g), dva.pds : go up, ascend, mount,
embark.
dva-pdXXo|iai : strike up.
"Ava-prio-i-vcws : Anabesineos. 113.
dva-pdXX : strike up, begin, a. 155.
", aor. dva/Spifete, partic. dva-
(pp*x-) ' swallow up, gulp down.
o>, aor. dvtyvw : recognize.
a 210, X 144.
dvd-yKT) : necessity, compelling force.
dv-d-yo), aor. dv-rj-yayev : lead up.
dva-Se'Spofu : perf . of dj/ar/j^w, run up.
dva-Sva), aor. dvtSv or dveSdcrero ( 536),
aor. opt. dvaSfy ( 49 b) : dive up,
appear from below, rise ; draw back.
dv-ocipw, aor. inf. dvaeipcu : lift, raise.
dvd-0T|fia, -aros: accompaniment, a 152.
dv-aiSrjs, -^s : shameless, pitiless.
dvaivo|j,ai, aor. dvrjva.ro : refuse, deny.
dv-aiptu, aor. partic. dveXbvres : take up,
lift.
dv-aio-crw, aor. partic. dva/^as : start up,
spring up.
dva-Kcuu> : (bum ?tp), kindle.
dvo-KXfvw, aor. inf. dva.K\lva.i, pass.
partic. dvaK\iv0ds : lean back, push
back; pass, recline.
dva-Kpc(idwxj(Ai, aor. partic. dyKpe/jui-
ao.ua. : hang up.
dv-aXtas, -i5o$ (dX/tT?): defenceless, cow-
ardly.
dva-Xvw, dXX(5w, iterative impf. dXXtJ-
cffKev ( 32 b), aor. dvt\v<rav (analyze) -.
loose, unravel.
fj.trpov), aor. opt. dva./j.erprj-
: measure again, repass (a way).
dva-fjLi(ivT|(rKw, aor. dvefjt.vr)<ras: remind.
7211.
dva-(Atcryw : mix up, mix.
dva-p.op(xvpa), iterative impf.
/j.6pffKe : foam up. /a 238.
10
VOCABULARY TO THE
dva-vco(i.ai, with ' apocope ' awcirat :
come up, rise. K 192.
dvd vtvw : nod up, forbid, in contrast
with Ka.ra.ve6u.
ava, -aKT-os (pdva.%): lord, king, master.
dvd|aer6ai : aor. mid. of dvdffffu.
dva-oi-yw|u, aor. dvttpZe : open.
dva-7rip.irXT|p.i, fut. dva.ir\Tti<reiv, aor. dva-
irXrjffai : fill up, fulfil, endure.
dva-irXeco : sail up. p. 234.
dva-irvt'w, aor. Hfjurvvro : revive.
dva-irpT|6ci>, aor.partic. dvairp-/i<Ta.s: send-
ing forth, ddnpv dva.Trpri<ra.s, bursting
into tears, letting fall a tear. /3 81.
dv-dirrw, aor. dvij^/fv, perf. pass. imv.
dr/i<p9w : fasten upon, fasten (to) ; set
fire to ; hang up.
dvd-irvoros (irev0o/Mi) : (sought out),
known.
dva-poif3Sea> : see avappoifiStu.
dv-apirdw, aor. partic. dvapird%a<ra :
snatch up.
dva-pphrra>, aor. dvfpp(.\f/a.v : throw up,
cast up. i\ 328, K 130.
dva-ppoif3S&o, aor. dvtppoijSdrjffe : gulp
up, swallow down, p 104.
dv-dpo-ios : hostile. K 459, X 401.
dvacrcra (pdva): queen, lady. Applied
to goddesses or mortals.
dvd<r<r<i>, aor. dfda<r0cu (pdva.%): am
lord, reign. Often construed with
dative of interest,
dva-o-rds : rising up, 2 aor. partic. of
dviffrijfju, set up.
dva-o-T^o-as : causing to rise, 1 aor.
partic. of dviffTij/u.
dva-rxv : 2 aor. partic. of d^x, hold
up.
dva-T\dw, aor. dv{r\t) : endure, with-
stand.
civa-rp^x", perf- as pres. dvadtdpofie :
run up, perf. rise of a rock, e 412.
av-avSos (auSfy: speechless.
dva-4>aiv<o, aor. dvatprjvai: show, display,
make known ; mid. appear. S 254.
dva-4>av-8d (<patvu): adv. openly.
dva-4>e'pa), aor. dvewi/ca : bring up.
dva-xd^Ofiai, aor. partic. dva
vos : draw back.
dv-d\i/as : aor. partic. of dvdirrta, fasten.
dva-\|>vx. (i> ('^^x s ) : cool, refresh.
dvSdva), hnpf. yvdave [better &v5ave] or
ei7^5oj'e [better edvdave], aor. opt. Udoi
(pa.v5a.vu, pad-, suavis): please.
dvSpaicds : adv. (man for man), each
one.
civ8p-ax6rfjs, -& ' of a man's load, i.e.
as large as a man could carry. K 121.
avSpeo-o-i : dat. of dv^p. 39 b.
divSpo-KTao-iT] (KTeivui): slaughter of men.
dvSpopeos (dvrip): man's, human.
dv8po-<j>d-yos (<t>ayeiv) : man-eater.
dv5po-fj>6vos : man-slaying.
dv-c-yeipco, aor. dvtyeipa : rouse.
dv-^-yvwv: aor. of dvayiyvua-Ku,recognize.
dv-c'Sv : aor. of dfa5i)o>, rise.
dv-ei(ii : partic. dviuv, impf. dv^iov :
go up ; return.
dv-e(fi,<i>v, -ows (efywt): without clothing.
dv-ipo|a.ai : question, inquire.
dv-cipwrdw, impf. dveipwruv: question.
dv-K-rws (dv-^xo/Jiai): adv. endurably.
dv-\6vTs : aor. partic. of dvaiptw, take
up.
dv-^(xvr]<ras : aor. of dvafju/j.v/i<rKu, remind.
dvp.os : a- i, 'i<l.
dveficiXio. (five/nos) : cognate ace. as adv.,
(windy), useless, idle, vain.
dv-cveiKa [-riveyKa] : aor. of dva<f>4pu,
bring up.
dv-cpciiro|iai, aor. dvTjpftyavro (dpirdfa) :
snatch up, sweep away.
dve'pos : gen. of dvfip.
dv-tppCiTTOuv : see dvappivru, toss up.
dv-ppoi(3ST|(rE : aor. of dvappoifiStu.
dv-e'pxo|iai, aor. df-r/XvBfv, aor. partic.
dveXOAv : come up, grow up ; come
back, return.
dv-<rrr], dv^crrav [dvt<rTti(ra.v\ : stood up,
aor. of dviffTTrjfj.1.
FIRST TWELVE BnnKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
11
dv-^rXTjv : aor. endured, withstood. See
rXijcTOjUcu.
avcv: prep, without, apart from.
avew0(v): adv. away, apart fr<n.
S-ve'4>t\os (ve^Xri): cloudless.
dv-x, aor. dveffxtGofjifv, aor. partic.
dvaffxuv : hold up; mid. hold up
under, endure.
aveu, nom. pi.: dumb, speechless, silent.
dv-u) : aor. of dvaoiyvvfju, open.
dv-rjiov [-f?a] : impf . of tLveifju, go up.
dv-iiKv : aor. of dvlyfu, let go, urge.
ttv-^\v6ev : aor. of dvtpxoiMi, come up.
dv-TJfi\KTos (dfj.(\yw) : unmilked. i 439.
dvf|vaa0at: aor. of dvaivofMi,ref use, deny.
dv-^vwp, -o/>os (dv-fip): unmanly.
dvT|p, gen. dv5p6s or dvtpos, nom. pi.
dtvSpej or avtpes, dat. pi. dvopdai or
&vdpe<T<Ti : man, vir, in contrast with
boy, woman, or divinity. Some-
times Avdpes is used of the human
race, like dvOpuwot, as in varrip dv-
dpav re 6e(av re (of Zeus), dirrip is
sometimes added to ethnic names,
as Ktuuepiuv avopCiv.
dv-t]pi|/avTO : aor. of dvepeiirotMi, snatch
up, snatch off.
dv-^poros (dp6w): unploughed.
dv-r|4>0co : perf. imv. pass. Of di/dfl-TW,
fasten to.
dv-Tn|v: aor. of dvdirru, set fire to.
dv6c|xois, -e^ros (S.vdos): flowery.
dvOe'w, aor. dvOijirai (8.v0os): bloom, grow.
avOivos : adj. of flowers, i 84.
av0os, -eos : flower.
avOpwiros : man, homo.
dvid<o (dvit))-. intrans. am weary.
dvidw, fut. dvljffei, aor. pass, partic.
dvli)0ds: trouble, vex, weary.
dvtr] : grief, trouble, vexation.
dv-(t]|u, opt. dvitlris, aor. dinjKev : send
up, set free, urge on ; cut open, flay.
dvitip<TTpos (dviti): more grievous.
dv-iovra : partic. of &vei/j.i, come up,
rise; comeback, return.
dv-C<m](u, 1 aor. partic. dvo<rrij<ras,
2 aor. dvtffrav [dv^ffTritra.?], mid. dv-
uT-rd^fvoi : cause to stand, raise ; 2 aor.
and mid., intrans., rise.
dv-vctrai : pres. of dvavtofMi, rise.
d-vo^jjKov, -ovos (vovs): senseless.
dv-6iraia: neut. pi. adj. as adv., up-
wards, aloft.
dv-opovca, aor. dv&povfff : start up, arise.
bffTos) -. without return.
: rising, 2 aor. partic. of
av-<r\(94(iv : aor. inf. of dv^xw, get
one's self up, rise. 32 a.
dv-<rxTos (d^x w ) : endurable.
avra : adv. and prep, before, opposite,
face to face with, to meet (him).
dvrdw, aor. ijiri/o-a (Hvra): meet, ob-
tain. Cf. dvndu.
avTTjv: adv. to (my) face, openly, to
look upon ; in (your) presence.
dvrC : prep, for, as good as.
dvria : prep, opposite to, against.
dvTidw, fut. partic. dirtbwv ( 51 b),
aor. opt. dtmdffeiei' : meet, approach,
partake of.
dvri-poXio), aor. drrep6\i)<Tas (/SdXXw):
go to meet, meet, take part in, am
present at.
dvri-0os 3 : godlike, with no esp. ref-
erence to moral qualities, but rather
to beauty, valor, strength, or rank.
'Avr(K\ia : Anticlea, mother of Odys-
seus ; daughter of Autolycus. X 85.
"AVTIK\OS : an Argive. 5 286.
dvriKpv : adv. (opposite, against),
straight forward, straight through.
'AvriXoxos: AntUochus ; eldest son of
Nestor, a distinguished warrior, and
friend of Achilles. 5 187, X 468.
' Avrtvoos : A ntinoiis ; the most inso-
lent of Penelope's suitors, matching
Eurymachus. a 383, /3 84, 301, 5 660.
dvrfov : neut. adj. as adverb, dvriov
qvda, equiv. to irpoff^Sa, addressed.
12
VOCABULARY TO THE
I : mother of Amphlon and
Zethus. X 260.
dvriottv : fut. of dvridu, share in, par-
take of. 51 b.
'AvTi4>d.TT]s, acc. ' ' AvTufxirffa. : Laestry-
gonian king. K 106.
"Avisos : comrade of Odysseus. /3 19.
avrXos: bilge-ivater, hold.
dvToXf| (dva-r^XXw) : rising (of the sun),
avrpov : cave, cavern.
awo-is, -tos : accomplishment, end.
dvvw, aor. jjwffcv : accomplish.
oivw, impf. fjvov : accomplish.
avio : adv. up, upward.
dvti-yw or avco-ya (perf. as pres.), impf.
f/vwyov, Avuyov, or -tivwyea, aor. inf.
dvwai -. command, order, bid.
dv-wiorC (oto/j.ai): adv. (unthought of),
unexpectedly.
dv-ww)xos (6w/j.a): nameless.
dvi^at : aor. inf. of Avuya.
ava>x0i : perf. imv. of (Lvwya.
a|is : fut. of #7w, lead, bring.
a|ios: adj. (of equal weight), worthy,
having the value of.
doiSrj (deiSia) : song, lay ; gift of song.
doiSidco : sing.
0.01865: singer, bard.
doXX'fjs, -& : adj. all together, all.
aop, -os : sword.
dopT/jp, -rjpos (det'pw): band, strap for
carrying a sword.
doerot)TT|p, -^pos : helper, defender.
dir-a-yy*^ w , aor. inf. dirayyei\ai, bear
back a message, report.
dir-o/yio, aor. dirtfyayov : lead away.
dir-aiTitw (alrta): demand back, beg
back. /3 78.
dir-aXlgu, aor. imv. dTrdXaX/ce: ward
off, keep off.
dir-a|j.c(po|i,ai : answer, reply.
dir-a|ivvo|jiat : defend myself.
dir-avaivo}iai, aor. diravi?iva.ffOa.i : refuse,
reject.
dtr-dvv0(v): adv. away, apart.
(TTOS) : adv. on every side.
dir-avvtt, aor. din/ivv<rav : accomplish
a journey.
dir-dpxofiai : begin, intransitive.
&ira|: adv. once, once for all.
&iras, airdira, &TTO.V (a strengthened Trds) :
all, lohole.
a-ira<rTos, -ov : without tasting, without
partaking.
dirardw, fut. dira.T-fi<rw : deceive.
dira<|>C<rK(i> (dirdrrj ?) : deceive.
dir8pv4>8v : aor. pass, of diroSptiirru.
direiXtw, aor. direi\Tj<ras : threaten, boast.
direiX^j: threat.
air-ci|U, partic. dTrt6vres : go away.
air-Eip,i, partic. dire&v, impf. dTr^uev,
fut. dirfofferai : am away, absent, am
lacking.
dir-iir^Mv : inf. of Airenrov, speak frank-
ly, speak out.
'Airti.pa.ir] : of Apira ('Aireipt)), a myth-
ical land. 77 8.
d-imp&rios 3 : boundless, countless.
'Airept]0v : adv. from Apira.
d-irpt]Tos (ireTpa) : untried, inexpe-
rienced.
d-iretptTos : boundless, limitless.
d-irttpwv, -ovos : boundtess, inextricable.
d-WXeOpov : immeasurable.
dir-e'irXeiov: impf. of ajroTrX^w, sail away.
(p?yos): perf. as pres. of
, (shiver), shudder, dread.
dir-pvK<o : keep off, ward off.
dir-pxo|iai : go away, depart.
dir-<TK'8a<r : aor. of dTro<rKeSdvvvfj.L,
scatter.
dir-<ro-Tai : fut. of dwfi/jn, am away,
am absent.
dir-(T<rvp.8a : aor. of dTrtxrtretfo/xat. has-
ten away, hasten.
dtr-fo-Tixov : aor. of diroffreixw, depart.
d-ircvO^s, -& (Trw8dvotJ.cu): without hear-
ing, unheard of.
dir-(})0i0v : see dirofiOivu.
dir-x0apci> (ex^os) : make hateful.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
13
fut. direxOdvcai, aor.
X0 S ) : am hated,
subjv. d*
hateful.
dir-\o|iai, aor. atroff^ffOai : hold (one's
self) off from, abstain, refrain from.
dir-wo- : aor. of dirwtfe'w, thrust off.
dir-TjXc-ye'ws : adv. frankly, bluntly,
openly. Cf. Oi/K-aX&ywv, Ucalegon.
iir-f)p.v : impf. of Airei/ju, am away,
distant.
d-irTJnv, -ovos (jTrj/jM): unharmed, safe ;
harmless.
d-n-TJvi] : mule car, wagon.
dir-T|vwav: accomplished, aor.of dtravvw.
dinivpa, 3 pers. : took away. (Prob.
for dir-e/rpa.)
dir-TJwpos (de/pw): hanging far away.
d-iri0cu>, aor. diri0i)(re : disobey.
d-mvvcro-tt (irivvrAs) : lack discretion,
am stupid.
airios 3 : distant, remote.
dir-(<r\w (ex w ) : hold off. X 95.
a.-irvv<rTos (irvtw) : breathless. 53 h.
diro : adv. and prep, with gen. away,
off, apart, asunder, from, back. When
it follows immediately the word with
which it is construed, it has its accent
on the first syllable. 58 c. dvb
irarpfSos afys, away (far) from his
fatherland ; dirb Kpri8e/jivot> e\v<rev,
(loosed off) removed the cover ; /3aX^-
ftv ciTrd 5d/cpu Trapeiwi', drop a tear
from the cheeks ; 6\^<ravr' Hwo irdraj
era/pous, having lost all his comrades.
diro-aivvfiai : take away.
diro-paivw, aor. dir^Tj : go away, depart.
diro-ppi^w, aor. d7ro/3pi|avres:/aH asleep.
diro--yvp,v6c, aor. pass, partio. 0^0711^-
vwOeis (yv/*v6s): (make naked), strip,
of armor. K 301.
diro-ScipoTOfj.c'w, aor. direSetpord/nrjo-a
(Seipij) : cut the (neck) throat.
[diro-8ti|iia : departure.]
diro-SiSupi, aor. subjv. diro5<J5<r(i'[diro5(p] :
give back, pay back.
[dre-
w, aor. partic. d
bend aside.
diro-8pviTTw, aor. pass.
dpv<f>t)T)<rav] : tear off.
diro-Svw, aor. partic. dirod6s: put off, doff.
diro-tiiro) : subjv. of direiirov, speak out
freely.
diro-c'p-yw : keep off.
<xiro-0av|id<i>, aor. dire0aij/jM(re : wonder
greatly at.
diro-Ov^jo-KW, plpf . diroT40va.ffa.v (ffdvaros) :
die ; perf. am dead.
diro-Opwo-Kw : leap up, rise.
dir-oiKitw, aor. diryKure: (give a home
far away), remove.
d-ir-o ixo(iai : am away, am absent, diroi-
xfyxevos, as adj., absent.
diro-Kaivvfiai : surpass, excel.
diro-Koirrw, aor. dir^Ko\f/a : cut off, sever.
diro-Koo-|xc<i> (<c6<7/ios) : remove (to put in
order).
diro-KTeCvw, aor. inf. diroKTfivai, aor.
subjv. diroKrdvTj: slay, kill.
diro-\if3o|iai : drop off.
diro-XeCirw : (leave off), intrans. fail,
lack; trans, leave.
dir-o\o-0ai, inf., and d7ro\^<r/ceTo, itera-
tive ind. : aor.mid.of dir6\\v/u, destroy.
diro-\\^Y w > a r - opt- dTro\\Jieta.v : sur-
cease, cease.
dir-6\Xv(ii, aor. d7rw\era, aor. mid. dn-u>-
X> and d7r6Xojro, iterative aor. dn-o-
\foiceTo, perf. dir6\u\e(v) : destroy,
lose; mid. perish, die, am lost. Some-
times with cognate ace., sometimes
with dat. of manner. .
'AiroXXwv, -wvos : Apollo, son of Zeus
and Leto, twin brother of Artemis.
God of the sun and light (hence
4>oi)3os, gleaming); of the bow (&ci?-
/36Xos, dp7i/p6ro$os) ; of health and
disease (and thus he sends sudden,
peaceful death to men). He is the
god of prophecy giving spiritual
as well as physical light to men
14
VOCABULARY TO THE
and of song. For the metrical
' quantity ' of the A, see 62 d.
r diro-Xo-yos : apologue, narrative, tale.]
diro-Xovo|iai, fut. dTroXo&ro/xcu : wash off.
diro-Xv, aor. dTroXwrd/uevos : unloose.
dir-O|ivuci>, aor. dir<j>no<ra: (swear off),
swear not to do something,
diro-vtofjitti : go back, return.
dir-ovCvTjm, aor. dir6i>i]To : mid. enjoy.
diro-vo<rr, fut. dirovoffrriffeiv : depart,
return.
diro-voo-<j>i(v) : adv. away, away from.
dir-ovvw (6fa): sharpen.
diro-v, aor. diro^vffai : shave off, make
smooth.
diro-iravw, fut. diroirafoei : stop ; mid.
cease.
diro-iT^nirci), fut. diroTrfuf/<i}, SLOT. imv.
dirb-n-f^ov : send away, send back,
escort home. See IT^UTW.
diro-irTO|xai, aor.diroirTa/j.4vrj:fly away.
diro-irXda>, aor. pass. dTmrXdyx^ '
drive off, cause to wander; pass., am
driven, wander.
diro-irXew [ir\tu, 50 g] : sail away.
diro-irX^o-o-w, aor. partic. dn-oirX^fas :
strike off.
[dir6-irXovs, -oos: sailing away.]
diro-irXvvw, iterative impf. diroir\{>ve<TKe:
icash off, wash.
d-n-o-irveiw [TTI^U, 50 g] : breathe forth.
dir6-irpo-0v : adv. (from a distance),
at a distance.
dir6-irpo-0i : adv. at a distance.
diro-irpo-rdjivw, aor. partic. diroTrpora-
n&v : cut off from.
diro-irran.^^ : aor. partic. of air OTT^T 0/j.at,
fly away.
d-TTo-ppaCw, fut. dwoppaiffft : tear away,
deprive. With two accusatives.
diro-pp^j-yvvfu, aor. partic. diropp-^^ :
break off.
diro-ppi-ye'w, perf. with pres. meaning
dirfpptyafft : shudder at. Const, with
infinitive.
diro-ppw, -wyos (p^yvv/ii) : steep ; branch,
specimen ('sample'), draught.
diro-<rK8dvvv|ii, aor. direa-Kedafff : scat-
ter, disperse.
diro-crirs'vStt : pour a libation.
diro-<r<Tvon,ai, aor. dwe<T<rij/j.f6a. : rush
away, hasten away.
diro-<rra8d (iffTijfu) : adv. (standing
away), at a distance.
diro-TTi\w, aor. dirfortxov : depart,
go away.
diro-o-TiXp<i> : gleam, glisten.
diro-o-Tp'4>w, aor. diro<TTpe\l/avTes, itera-
tive aor. diroa-TptyaffKe : turn away,
turn back.
d < iro-o'4>dXX(i) > aor. subjv. cb
drive from the course.
diro-axe'ffflai:aor.i
diro-njXoii : adv. remote.
onro-Tiwfiai and diro-rtva), fut.
fff-ra.1, aor. dirtrlffev: repay, pay back;
fut. mid. exact vengeance.
d-iroTjiOTaTos : superl. most wretched.
diro-j>0tvw, aor. air^Qno, dir^&iBev
[dire<t>6iOi)<Tav], aor. opt. dTro<j>0i/j.T)v
( 49 b) : perish, die.
diro4>i6Xios : idle, ineffectual, foolish.
diro-xdo|j.ai : withdraw from.
a-irpT]KTos (irpdo-ffu) : unconquerable,
unmanageable.
&irro(iai, aor. a\f/aff0ai : lay hold of,
clasp, fasten; catch (of fire), take fire.
d-irup-ywros (irtipyos) : without towers,
unfortified.
a-irucTTOs (TTw6dvofj.a.i): unheard of, out
of hearing without learning. 53 h.
dir-w0w, aor. a.iru<re, subjv. dirufffai
[air (IMTTJ], inf. dirutrai, diruffacrOai:
thrust off, push away.
dir-a>Ki(T : aor. of diroiKtfa, remove.
dir-wXto, dirwXecra, diruX6|X0a : aors.
of dir6\\v/j.i, destroy, lose; perish.
dir-cijiw, dirwp,vvv (iinpfs.), and dirw-
fiocrev (aor.) ; from dtrbuwfii, swear
not to do.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
15
apa, ap, pa (encl.): sj, then, as is meet.
Often this marks an action as nat-
ural, proper, or well known, or it
reminds of something recently said
or done ; it also marks transitions.
Freq. it cannot be translated into
English for want of an equivalent
particle, but its force must be ren-
dered by a suitable arrangement of
words, or by inflection of voice. It
never stands at the beginning of a
clause. Cf. the Attic use of 677.
cipaios 3 : narrow.
dpdofxai, irnpf. -fipw>j.i}v, fut. dp^a-erai,
aor. ripriffavTo (dpd) : pray, pray to.
dpapurKu, aor. imv. dp<rov ( 51 e), 2
aor. ripape, dpap&v, perf. subjv. dpTf/p-rj,
partic. dpT/pws, dpapvia, aor. partic. as
adj. dp/xews : fit, fit out, join, suit,
adapt; perf. intrans. fit, htldfirm,
am steady ; dp/news, well fitted.
dpd<r<r&>, aor. <5pae, dpdxffri ' hammer,
knock, crush.
dpdxviov (dpdx"jj): spider's web, web.
dp-yaXc'os '} : grievous, hard, difficult.
dp-yaActorepos : more dreadful.
'Ap-yeios ("Ap-yos) 3: Argive. Assubst.,
'Ap7ebi. theArgives, men of Argos in
the broader sense ; used like 'Axaiot
and Aavaot of all the Greeks. Metri-
cal convenience generally determined
the choice between these words.
25 e. Homer had no word for
Greeks as distinct from barbarians.
'Ap-yt'i^ovnjs : a frequent epithet of
Hermes. Its derivation is uncertain,
and it is best rendered as a proper
name.
dp-yTJs, -T?TOS : white, gleaming.
dpYi-6Sovs, -oi/ros : white-tusked.
"Ap-yos, -cos: Argos. (1) Used in a
general way for Peloponnesus ('Axai-
iicbv "Ap-yos) or even for Greece, just
as 'Apyeioi is used for Greeks. (2) In
y 180, the city over which Diomed
ruled. K0.6' 'EXXdSa Kai pfoov 'Apyot
is used for all Greece; cf. 'from John
O'Groat's to Land's End' of Great
Britain and 'from Dan to Beer-
sheba' of all Canaan.
dp-yos : swift.
dp-yvpcos ;! : of silver, silver.
dp-yvpo-T]Xos : silver-studded.
ap-yvpos : silver.
dp-yvp6-To|os : of the silver bow.
dp-y v^* ? au< l op-yv<}>os : white.
'Ap-yw, -ous fern. : Argo, the ship of the
Jrgronauts. /u 70.
dptiwv, dpetov : comp. of dyaf)6s, good,
brave, mighty. Cf. &PHTTOS.
dpt'o-Oai : aor. inf. of &PW/J.O.I, gain,
obtain.
dpe'cTKu), fut. apfoffo/j.ai, aor. dpeffffdyOu :
satisfy, make satisfaction.
dptrdw (dper^) : thrive, prosper.
dpT^ : excellence, skill, power ; pros-
perity (v 45). The word implies no
moral quality.
Sp^ : prayer.
dp^ : harm.
dprjios : (pertaining to Ares), warlike,
martial, brave.
dpT]i-({>aTos (irttpvf): slain by Ares, slain
in battle.
(dpi}): distressed, overcome.
pi]pws: perf. of dpaplffKu,fit.
, gen.'Apeos, dat. 'A.pr,i and*Ap,
acc.'Apijo : Ares, Mars ; son of Zeus
and Hera. God of war, but not one
of the most powerful divinities. His
home is in Thrace.
apTjcrcuaTO : see dpaouai.
'AP^TH : Arete, daughter of Rhexenor,
wife of the Phaeacian king Alcinous.
"Ap-iyi-os : son of Nestor, y 414.
dp0is : aor. pass, partic. of de/pw, raise.
'ApidSvTj : Ariadne (daughter of Minos
of Crete), who helped Theseus to kill
the Minotaur. X 321.
dp--yvTos 2 or 3 : distinguished.
16
VOCABULARY TO THE
dpi-StiKtros (dclKtnifu) : distinguished,
illustrious. With partitive gen., like
a superlative.
dpi-trjXws : adv. clearly, distinctly.
dpi9(iw, fut. dpi0fj.-/iffei : count.
dpi0p.6s : number.
dpi-irpTr^s, -&: adj. pre-eminent, excel-
lent, distinguished.
dpio-repos : left, on the left.
dpto-revs, -7705 : chief, prince.
dpicrrtvw : am chief, am best.
dpicr-ros 3 : best, most excellent. Superl.
of dyaO&t. Cf. dpeiuv.
dpi-4>po.8T|s, -& : clear, plain, distinct.
'ApKi(ridS7]s, -ao : son of Arcisius,
i.e. Laertes, father of Odysseus.
dpKcw, aor. rjpKeire : ward off.
dpKTos : bear; the Great Bear, e 273.
dp|ia, -arcs : chariot. It was low and
light, entered from behind, with a
curved rim in front and on the sides,
with standing room for two persons;
perhaps that used on journeys had a
seat; it was drawn generally by two
horses. The plural is frequently used
like the singular.
dppcvos : aor. partic. of dpapia-Ku, used
as adj., well-fitted, suited.
dp|*6<i>, aor. i/p/Mxrev : fit, join.
dp|iov(t] : bond, girder.
dpvtios : ram.
dpvlopai, aor. dpvr)ffaffOa.i : deny, refuse.
dpvcs, gen. dpvuv pi. : lambs.
dpvevTTJp, -ijpos : diver.
dpvv(iai, aor. TJparo, dptffdai : gain, se-
cure; in pres. strive to save, strive
for.
dpoo-is, -ios : ploughed land.
dporos : ploughing.
dporpov (aratrum): plough.
dpovpo. (land for ploughing), field, tilth,
land.
dpow, 3 pi. dpbwffw ( 50 i), (Eng. ear):
plough.
dpird<i>, aor. &pira%ai> : snatch, seize.
dpiraXcos : adj. eagerly sought.
dpwaXt'ws : adv. eagerly.
dpiruia : (snatcher), harpy. In Homer
these are vague personifications of
the sweeping storm winds. It is la-
ter mythology, like that of Vergil's
Aeneid, which makes monsters of
them.
a-pprjKTos (prryvvfju): not to be broken.
dperas : aor. partic. of dpapiaicu, fit out,
make ready, man. ul e.
dpo-qv, gen. dpo-evos (arsenic): male.
ctpcrov : aor. imv. of d.papicrKu,fit, make
ready. 51 e.
' ApraKiti : Artacia, spring of the Laes-
trygonians. K 108.
dpT6p.T|s, -e's, dat. pi. aprt^fffffi : safe,
safe and sound.
"Aprfus, -iSos: Artemis, Diana, daugh-
ter of Zeus and Leto, and twin sister
of Apollo. Like her brother she
bears a bow, and she is his coun-
terpart in several respects, sending
peaceful, sudden death to women as
he does to men.
dpnos : well-fitting, suitable.
dpri-iros (TOI/S): perfect-footed.
dpTovoi) and dprvw, fut. dprwtovcriv, aor.
fiprf)va.vro : put together, fasten, make
ready, prepare.
j : beginning.
: leader, chief, commander.
oLpx<>>, fut. &pei, aor. &pfiei>: lead the
way, command, begin.
d<rd|uv0os fern. : bath tub, bath. Frob.
freq. of metal, judging from the epi-
thet fv^ffTas.
d-o-p(TTOs (ff^vvvfjn) : (unquenchable),
ceaseless, endless.
dVt : aor. of ddu, blind.
d-crivVjs, -& (ffivoftat): unharmed, un-
molested.
S.-O-ITOS : without fnitiL
d<TK\^s, -h : wasted, exhausted.
do-K\s : adv. without rest, ever.
FIRST TWKLVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
17
d<rK(i>, aor. dcrKijcras, verbal d<r/c7)T6s :
fashion, prepare, smooth.
ci<rKTi0TJs, -fs : unharmed, unscathed.
der-Kos : leathern bottle or sack, hide.
Such leathern pouches were used for
the transportation of small quantities
of liquids ; the d/*0ope?s for larger
quantities ; and the iridoi for storage.
(as held in the hand of Silenus).
acrficvos (TjSofjLat) : well-pleased, joyful.
do"rrdon<u : greet, welcome.
d<rira(pco : gasp.
d-<rirapTOS ((TTrei'pw): unsoum.
dcrird<rios (do-Trdfo/ucu) : welcome, delight-
ful, well-pleased.
d<rira<rui>s : adv. well-pleased.
do-irao-ros : delightful, welcome.
d<rirpxs : adv. ceaselessly, furiously.
a-o-rrtTos : unspeakable, ineffable, end-
less.
do-iris, -i'3os : shield. Made of several
layers of ox-hide, with generally an
outer layer of bronze. It was sup-
ported by a strap which passed over
the shoulder, and was held by the
left hand and arm.
cur<ra : Ionic for & nva, whatever.
aVo-ov : adv. nearer, corap. of <*7x i -
dcrrta : pi. of Atrrv. 27 a.
d-<rT|A<f>c<i>s : adv. firmly.
'Ao-repts, -tSos : Asteris, an island near
Ithaca. 5 846.
do-TpOis, -fffffa (dffrrip): starry.
do-ros: man of the city.
do-rpd-yaXos : vertebra of the spine.
aorrpov: star, constellation.
O.O-TV, gen. do-Teos, ace. pi. Acrea (27 a):
city, as a collection of dwellings,
while iriXis is thought to refer to the
town as a central stronghold, a sort
of 'county-seat.' fda-rv, 35 a.
d<rru-8 : adv. to the city, to town.
d-cr<j>aXls and d-cr^aXews : firmly, im-
mutably, with security.
' Ao-4>a\wv, -wyos : servant of Menelaus.
d<r4>oS\6s : adj. asphodel bearing, as-
phodel. This plant belongs to the
order of lilies, and has tall stalks
and many whitish blossoms. It grows
freely in waste places. When in
bloom it is attractive, but when its
flowers have dropped off its bare
stalks are rather dreary ; and no one
knows whether the poet thought of
the 'Asphodel Meadow' (X 539) as
cheerful or gloomy.
d<rx<tXd(i> and d<rxdXXw : am impatient,
grieve.
O-<TXTOS (<x w ) : unrestrained, irresist-
ible.
'A<rwir6s: the river-god Asopus, of
Theh/s. X 260.
d-rdXavros : like, equal.
draXos ''> : merry.
drdp (avrdp): but; yet, while. It always
stands at the beginning of its clause
(often correl. with i^v), and often
marks a distinct contrast with the
preceding situation. Freq., however,
18
VOCABULARY TO THE
the contrast is slight, when drdp
means and or and then rather than
but; indeed its proper service is
thought by some to be to form a
series of things or acts which natu-
rally are connected. It is somewhat
more emphatic than 5t, since it has
a more prominent position.
drapTTipos : (hard), insolent.
drao-OaXtai (arri) pi. : infatuations, fol-
lies, faults.
a.Taar0aXos : foolish, wanton, insolent.
d-Ttiprjs, -is : unwearied, tireless.
d-Tt'Xeo-Tos (ri\os): unaccomplished.
dTC|xf3(>> : disturb, deceive ; in passive,
lack.
o,Tp: adv. with gen., without.
dTepirrjs, -is : cheerless.
STTJ (apart], daw): infatuation, ruin.
d-Ti|idtu (rip-fi): hold in low esteem,
slight.
d-Tl(xtii pi. : dishonor, contempt. 62 6.
driTaXXw: cherish, rear.
"ArXas, -avros : Atlas, whose columns
support the firmament. Evidently
a sea-deity, a 52.
drpairiTds : path.
'ArpeiSris, -ao ( 37 c): son of Atreus.
Epithet of Agamemnon and of Mene-
laus. When without special qualifica-
tion, it refers to Agamemnon. 42 6.
d-TpKo>s : truly, exactly.
d-rpep-as : adv. motionless, quietly.
"Arptvs, -ius : Atreus, son of Pelops,
father of Agamemnon and Menelaus.
(Possibly the short form of "Arpco-ros,
Dauntless.)
dTpv-y TO s : restless. Epithet of ^he sea.
(Of uncertain derivation and mean-
ing; some scholars take it as barren.)
d-TpvTwvti : unwearied, invincible. Epi-
thet of Athena.
dTvo|xcu : am confused, frightened.
av : adv. again, anew, on the other
hand, but now (forming a transition).
avaivw, aor. pass, partic. avav6ii> : dry,
season.
avi-yt) : ray, beam, light.
avSdco, aor. avdificravros : speak.
avSrj : voice.
avSr|-is, -faff a. : speechful, gifted with
human speech.
aw0i : adv. there, here, often made defi-
nite by a following clause.
avXeios : adj. of the courtyard.
avXrj : courtyard, court (situated before
the house); farmyard.
au>uop.cu : partic. shut up -jjfi the farm-
yard.
avos : dry, withered, seasoned.
a-virvos : sleepless, without sleep.
aiipn (aura): breeze.
avpiov: adv. to-morrow.
avrdp (afire, dp) : conj. on the other hand,
but, yet. Equiv. to drdp.
av-T : conj. again, anew, but. In gen-
eral equiv. to a5.
dvr^ : shout, cry, battle-cry.
avT-fj|iap : the same day, that very day.
avTiKo, : adv. at once, straightway.
avris (aD) [adtfis] : adv. again, a second
time, afterwards, back again.
: breath, s'eam, savor,
-ntvos : blast.
avroSiov : adv. right away, at once.
avTo-Ts (eras): adv. in the same year.
avTo-0v : adv. from the very spot, from
where they were.
avT6-9i : adv. right here, right there.
avTo-Kaori-yv/jn] : oivn sister.
Avro-XvKos: Autolycus, maternal grand-
father of Odysseus. X 85, r 394 ff.
avros, o.\>Tf\, O.VTO : intensive pron. self,
generally of the 3 pers. himself, her-
self ; rarely used of things. It is
intensive not merely in the nom. and
when associated with a noun or pers.
pron., as in Attic, but also when
standing alone in an oblique case ;
sometimes, however, the intensive
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
19
idea (of contrast) is not easily ex-
pressed in English. avr6s contrasts
the man himself with his associates,
his adversaries, his property, etc.
45 e. It allows a large variety of
translations ; e.g. in person, alme (by
himself '), of free will, avryv 686v is
equiv. to Attic TTJV O.VTTJV 6S6v. avry
tfidpei, cloak and all. In the gen. it
is sometimes in agreement with the
gen. implied in a possessive pron.,
e.g. avruv ff^er^pyfftv (since afyerip-qaiv
is equiv. to <r<puv), TO. d avrijs epya
(since <rd is equiv. to <rov).
avTo-<rx8iv : adv. in the very near,
hand-to-hand conflict.
avrov (strictly, local gen. of ayr6?) :
adv. in the same place, right there,
right here. Cf. aBft, a&rMt.
avrws (ouris): adv. in like manner.
The connexion alone decides the
exact meaning. A large variety of
translations is required ; e.g. as I am,
wholly, vainly, loithout more ado.
ax>x'vios : adj. of the neck.
avx^v, -tvos : neck.
avw: get fire.
dvw, aor. &VJCLV, aor. inf. dOcrou: shout.
d4>-aipto|iai, aor. d<f>f\uv, d^et'Xero, d<j>t-
\ovro : take away.
a4>ap : adv. straightway, at once.
a-4>0iTos: imperishable, everlasting.
d<J>- i-ri|j.i, pres. partic. d<ptfiffat: let fall,
shed.
d.4>-iKav and dcfuKvcofiai, fut. defeat,
aor. .d<pticeo, perf. d<f>'ix^ ai ' come to,
arrive, am come.
[a4>iis, -tos : arrival.]
a^-Co-Ttjfu, plpf. d<j>effT-fiKei: place aside;
perf. stand aloof.
d4>vSs: ri'-h, wealthy, abounding (with
gen. of fulness).
d4>vi6repos : richer.
d<|>-opp.do(xai, aor. pass, partic.
Mrrot : set out.
d4>paScu : ant senseless, thoughtless.
d<j>paST|s, -h : thoughtless, senseless.
d<J)pa8iT] : thougttllessness, folly.
'A4>po8iTT): Aphrodite, Venus, daugh-
ter of Zeus and Dione, wife of
Hephaestus. She induced Helen to
follow Paris to Troy, and favored
the Trojans in their conflicts. 5 261 ,
267 ff.
a-4p<v, -ows (<pp-fiv): foolish, fool, sim-
pleton.
d<j>vo-crw, aor. i^wrd^v, -?i<t>tiffa.nev, imv.
&<t>v<rffov, aor. partic. d.<t>vff<rdnevoi :
draw, dip (water or wine); heap up.
"AxaieU and 'AxaudSes ( 42 g) pi. :
Achaean women.
'AxaUs, -t5os : adj. Achaean; with yaia
to be supplied, Achaean land.
'AxaioC pi.: Achaeans, the Achaeans.
The most powerful race of the Greeks
at the time of the Trojan War.
Phthiotis in Thessaly was one of
their principal seats. Homer often
uses this name for all the Greeks.
(See 'Apyetoi.) Their chief epithets
are tvKtrffj.l8es (well-greaved) and Kdpri
*co/i<SwTj (long-haired).
d-xapurros : without grace. OVK d%d-
purra, acceptably.
'Ax^pwv, -OVTOS: Acheron; a river of
the lower world. K 513. (Cf. Mil-
ton's ' Sad Acheron of sorrow, black
and deep,' Par. Lost ii. 578.)
dx<vw and dx^'u (&xos): am troubled,
grieve, lament, mourn.
ax^os, -eos : burden, load.
'AxiMX)vs, -T/OS: Achilles, son of
Peleus and Thetis, leader of the
Myrmidons and Hellenes in Thes-
saly, the mightiest warrior before
Troy, the chief hero of the Iliad.
, -tfos: mist, darkness.
, aor. yx^v ffe ' grow dark.
: foam of the sea.
i : am grieved, grieve.
20
VOCABULABT TO THE
): (without gall), expelling
bitterness and anger.
a\os, -eos : grief, sorrow, pain.
a|/ (drr6): adv. back.
<u|/d}uvoi, axj/acrOai : aor. of &irrofjiai, lay
hold of, fasten, catch.
a\j/-oppov : adv. again, ityoppov icpoat-
<t>i)v, replied.
a\|/os, -eos (&TTTW): joint, limb.
aupos: unshapely, ugly. (But of un-
certain derivation ; possibly hanging
doivn.)
dci>To> : sleep, slumber.
acoros : wool, fleece.
B.
Pd, perf. /3<?/3a/crat : speak, say. 81-%
^Sdfouep, disagreed.
pa6v-SlvTJs, -ifs : deep-eddying.
Pa8v>-<i>vos : deep-girdled, i.e. slender-
waisted.
Pa9v-ppoos (ptw): deep-flowing.
Pa6vs, paOeia, ^aOv : deep, thick, high
(of standing grain). 41 5.
peUvw, aor. i^ffa^v, ^o-ero ( 53 6),
tfav, f3rj ( 46 b), pi. tpav [tp-n<rav,
47 jp], perf. partic. /SqSawra, plpf.
/3^/cei(j') (33fc) (venio): go, come;
1 aor. act. caused to go; 2 aor. in-
ceptive, se ou ; perf. am grone, some-
times stand, rest, a^l ftaTve, bestrode.
pdXavos : edible acorn, chestnut.
pdXXco, fut. partic. PO.\{OVTI, aor. efiaXov,
/SdXero, subjv. mid. /3d\?7<r0a ( 47 a),
perf. ind. /Se^X^arat, plpf.
perf. partic. /Se/SoX^u^os (/3Aoj):
cas^, te /aW, s^oo< af , sAoo^. (aor.) A#
with a missile. /xera (or ^vt) <f>pealv
paXtffQai., consider in mind, 071-6 v^as
pd\\ov<riv, put to sea.
POIV [epijffav] : aor. of ftaivw, go.
Pdirrw : dip.
vw, perf. /3e/3a/>7?6Tes : wetgrA dowi,
burden ; perf. partic. as adj., heavy.
Papvs, paptia, papv : heavy, grievous.
Neuter as adv., heavily.
pds : aor. partic. of /Sa/vw, go.
pao-iXcia : queen, princess.
Pa<ri\{vs, -^os ( 39 d): king, prince.
This title is applied more freely than
&va.
pacriXevw, fut. /3a<7iXewrw : am king,
reign.
^w : lift, bear.
: plpf. pass, of /SdXXoj. 47 n.
s, -eos (/SdXXw): missile, arrow.
: heavy, perf. partic. of /3a-
pvixa.
: tossed, distressed, perf.
partic. of /3dXXo>.
i : see /3i/3pi6<7Kb>.
[/SeXrtwf] : belter, comp. of
dya66s.
Pv0os, -eos (aWs) : depth. ptvOoade, to
the depth.
pe'peOpov [pd.pa.8pov] : pit.
pfjv [tfav, 466], p%wvai [prjvcu], p^-
O-CTO [tfiriffaTo] : aor. of fialvw, go.
P^o-cra: glen, ravine.
pT)Tap|x(i>v, -ows : dancer.
Pidj;<o and pidw, aor. /Si^o-aro : use vio-
lence, compel, overcome.
PICUOS : adj. of violence.
picucos : with violence.
Piptifii (Paivu): go. fiaKpa /3i/3ds, with
long strides.
pippwaKti), flit. perf. pass. {}ff3pwfffTa.i
(/3p<2<m): devour, amsume. p 203.
PIT]: might, strength ; deed of violence.
fiiT)'Hpa.K\T)fli), the might of Heracles,
the mighty Heracles. 19 e.
P(T]-<J>I(V): old locative, in (by) might, by
violence. 36 a.
PIOS: bow.
PIOT^J: life.
PIOTOS 03ios): life, living; means of life,
possessions.
piow, aor. tfiiwffao (/3<'os) : give life.
fjL tfiiwo-ao. thnu di'lftt save my life.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
21
PIOWVTCU : 8 pi. ind. mid.
pXdpopai (passive) and pXdirrw :
weaken, hinder, keep from, harm.
pXc'4>apov : eyelid.
T : bleating.
too-KO), aor. fj.o\6vrfs: go,c<ne. 33gr.
io, aor. tp6r)<ra (/3o^) : shout, cry aloud.
VS, -7705 : s.'rap of ox-hide ; halyard.
: s/i >;<, war-cry, alarm, battle.
: an attendant of Menelaus.
vs, -w>s : outcry, clamor.
P60pos: pit, hole.
(<iX\w): glance of the eye.
ed), aor. p6fjL{iriffev : hum, rattle.
s, -ao : Boreas, north wind.
POCTKCO, iterative impf. ffarKfoKovro, pas-
ture, feed.
POTO.VTI (botany): pasture, herbage.
e'io (bucolic): herd, tend cattle.
: neat-herd, herd, herdsman.
vw, fut.inf./Soi/XeiW/uej', aor. (<?)/3otf-
: advise, counsel, plan; mid.
deft&ererte.
povXVj : plan, counsel ; council.
pouXti-<j>6pos : counsel-giving, councillor.
povXo|iai, impf. (SovXovro and ey36XocTo
(2(>d) (POV\JI, volo): wish, will,
prefer, wish rather.
Pov-Xvr6s (Xi/w) : the time of loosing oxen
from the plough, i.e. evening. /3ov-
\vr6vSf, toward evening.
POVS, gen. 0o6j, ace. fiovv, ace. pi. /96as or
/3oOs (bos): bull, ox, cow; pi. cattle.
BOWTT]S : Ko'Jtes (the Ploughman), the
constellation of Arcturus. e 272.
PpaSvs, PpaScia : x/o//-.
PplOvs, Ppifitia: heavy.
Ppt0w, aor. partic. ftptaas : am heavy ;
weigh down, load ; prevail.
Ppovrdco, aor. ftp6vr^ae: thunder.
Pporo-Xoi-yos : man-destroying.
pporos (,uop-. mortalis): adj. and noun,
mortal. 33 g.
Pporow, perf. pass. /Se/Sporw
gore): pass, partic. gory.
: noose, halter.
i, perf. (as pres.)
roar.
Ppw|iT] and Ppwo-is, -ios : food.
PVKTT)S : howlin-j, roaring.
Pvcr<ro-So[xvw : ponder, plan secretly.
PVCO, perf. partic. pass. /Se^i/o^m : fill,
stuff.
PUJJIOS : attar ; pedestal.
. caM wpOH wiW a cry.
T.
yaia and -yfj: earth, land, ground.
Opposed sometimes to the heavens,
sometimes to water. Cf. aia.
Fcua: Gaea, Earth, as personified,
mother of the Titans.
: adj. of Earth, t) 324.
(fx-) : earth-holder. Epithet
of Poseidon, bestowed in the belief
that the land rested on the sea.
ydXa, gen. yd\a.KTos (lac): milk.
ya\a.-9r\v6s (0ijff6ai): suckling.
: calm, calm sea.
os (yd/j.os): son-in-law.
yap.co>, aor. ind. yrjuev, inf. y/nM<r6a.i :
marry. The middle is used of the
woman's act.
: marriage, marriage feast.
yavdu, partic. yav&w<rai (50c): gleam,
am bright.
ydwpai: rejoice, delight.
yap (yt, &pa): generally a causal par-
ticle, for. It often introduces the
reason or explanation ot something
that is merely implied. Sometimes,
on the other hand, it seems to retain
the force of the two particles of which
it is composed, and cannot be trans-
lated for, but ' marks a statement as
certain and incontestable.'
yoo-TTJp, -<?pos : belly, stomach, hunger.
ydo-Tpri : belly of a kettle.
yavXos: tub, milk-pail.
22
VOCABULARY TO THE
it: an enclitic particle which gives
prominence to the foregoing word
or to its whole clause. Sometimes
it can be translated at least, but this
phrase is much heavier and clumsier
than 7^. Generally its force must
be given by inflectionNpf voice, or
by arrangement of word)?. In sev-
eral cases 7* was insertedVy reader
or copyist after some othefc conso-
nant had been lost.
yc-yaeio'iv, yeyaura. : perf. of yiyvo/Mt,
am born.
yYn8 : perf. of yr)9tu, rejoice.
yt'-ywva* perf. as pres. ; iinpf. yeyuvevv :
shout, call.
ycivoftai, aor. (fyyelvaro : pres. am born
(unless ylyvofj-ai is read instead);
aor. bore, gave birth, begat.
, -ovos : neighbor.
: laughable, ridiculous.
u, aor. tyt\aff<re, aor. partic. 7eX<i-
0-as: laugh.
y\a>s : laughter.
/i -. birth, race, family.
: race, blood, family.
ytvciov (ytvvs): chin.
yc'vos, -cos (genus): race, lineage, off-
spring.
yt'vvs, -vos, ace. pi. 7^Ds : chin.
ycpcu6s (7^pas?): old, old man.
rpaio-Tos : southernmost point of Eu-
boea, with a harbor.
ycpaiTcpos (yepaids) : older, elderly.
ye'pas, -aos : right, prerogative, gift of
honor.
FcpVjvios: Gerenian. Epithet of Nes-
tor, prob. from a Messenian town
or district.
ycpovcrios : adj. of the elders (ytpovres).
Epithet of special wine broached at
the * aldermanic ' dinners.
ylpwv, -OITOS : old, old man, old god,
elder. Cf. yepaids, ypaia.
yfj : earth. Less freq. than yaia.
ew, aor. yrjdrja-e, perf. as pres.
rejoice, am glad.
3 : rejoicing, delighted, glad.
: aor. of ya/j^u, wed.
s, -aos : old age.
: grow old.
Fi-yavrts pi., gen. TiydvTwv. Giants.
yi-Y v H- a S aor - (f)7 e "<V t7 ?'' ) iterative aor.
yfv^ffKfro, perf . yeydatriv (7^vos) : come
into existence, am bjrn, become, arise,
come, am.
, aor. tyvia, aor. inf. yvw/j.evai
wai: recognize, perceive, learn,
know.
yXavK-wiris, -i5os (7X011x65, w^): bright-
eyed,flashing-eyed. Epithet of Athena
as the fierce goddess of war. Cf. her
other epithet IlaXXds (spear-brand-
ishing).
y\a4>vpos 3 : hollow.
y\-r\vt\ : eyeball.
3, comp. -yXviceptoTtpos : Sweet.
VS, -a, -i), comp. -yXxJKiwv : Sweet.
yXw<r<ra : tongue.
yvap-irros : bent, supple.
yvw(j.vai [yvuvai] : aor. inf. of 717^-
ffKU.
yodw, iterative impf. yoda<rKfv, partic.
7o6wvres, yowvres, groan, moan.
Y<Sfi4>os : wooden pin.
yovrj : seed, offspring, race.
yovos : offspring, race, parentage, stock,
birth.
yovw, pi. yovva or yo^vara, gen. yotivuv,
dat. yofoacri (genu) : knee. The
knees were to the ancients the seat
of bodily strength (cf. ' weak-kneed,'
'strengthen the feeble knees'), and
in entreaties the suppliant clasped
the knees of him from whom he
sought the favor.
yoos : groan, lamentation.
Fop-yeios 3 : of Jhe Gorgon, Gorgon's.
(Cf. Milton's ' Gorgonian terror,'
Par. Lost ii. 611.)
FIRST TNVKLVK BOOKS OF Till: oDVSSEY.
23
Foprvs, -vt>os : Gortyx or Gortt/na, an
important town in southern Crete.
yovva : pi. of y6w, knee.
yovvdo|j.ai and -yovvov}j.ai (y6i>v): sup-
plicate, entreat.
youvos (7<W): hill, knoll.
ypaia, gen. ypalr]s, and ypfjvs, dat. ypr)i :
old woman. F.ein. of ytpuv, yepads.
yviov: (joint), limb, member. See on
yaw.
yujivos : nuked, uncovered.
yv|iv6<i>, aor. partic. yvnwO^vra. : strip,
make naked.
yvvaiKeios 3, and -yvvcuos: woman's,
of women, to wonien.
yvvVj, gen. yvi>atK6s : woman, wife.
Fdpai ir^rpai pi. : Gyraean cliffs; located
by some off S.E. Euboea, by others
near Myconus and Naxos of the
Cyclades. 5 500.
FCpaios 3 : Gyraean.
yv\(, 7i5ir6s : vulture.
A.
Satjo-cai (fut. , 54 e), perf.
intrans. aor. tddyv, subjv. Saet'w, inf.
dayvau : learn, know. Used as passive
of SiSda-Ku, teach, oeoae is used as
aor. act. of the same verb.
Sarj-ficov, -ovos : taught, skilled.
Sai&dXeos : cunningly wrought, richly
ornamented. Cf. Daedalus.
Sai|i6vios : (one under the influence of a
diviniti/), strange man! sir!
Sai|i(i>v, -OTOJ : divinity. Much like 0e6s,
but esp. of the gods in relation to
men. (Never demon.)
Saivvpi, aor. Saicrdfifvoi : act. give a
feast ; mid. feast.
80.10^0.1, perf. deSaiarai ( 47 n): am
torn, am divided.
8ats, gen. SalfSos (6q('w): torch. Cf. Saos.
Sa(s, gen. 5atr6s : feast, portion.
: feast. SalTijOcv, front a feast.
Sairpos (5a.iofj.ai): carver.
SaiTUfxcov, -6cos: feaster, guest.
8ai(j>pwv, -ovos : sagacious, ingenious.
8auo : kindle, sttfire; pass, burn, blaze.
8dKpv and 8d.Kpvov, inst. as gen., SOK-
pv6(f>i(v) ( 36 a) (lacruma): tear.
8o,Kpv6-is, -fvros : tearful, in tears.
Sa.Kf,vu>, aor. ddKpvcra : weep, shed tears;
aor. fell to weeping, burst into tears.
SaXos : firebrand, coal.
Sd|iap, -a/sros: wife, spouse.
Sa^ivdw and Sd|ivr]|u, aor.
aor. subjv. Sa/xdo-j, aor. pass.
a9i\v and dd/jtev [tSdpriffav] ( 47 o),
perf. pass, partic. SeS/iW^o* : bring
into subjection, subdue, overcome, con-
quer. SfSfi-fifj.t)v, I v:as subject.
AavaoCpl.: Danaans; strictly, descend-
ants or subjects of King Danaiis of
Argos. Used for the Greeks before
Troy, like 'Axauu and 'Apyeioi. 25e.
8dos, -cos : torch. Cf. Sais.
8dire8ov : pavement, floor, ground.
8d-a-Kios : very shady, shady.
Sa<rai|u0a, Sa<ra-d|ic6a (aor.), 8d<rovrai
(fut.): of Sartofjicu, divide.
Sa<rv-|iaXX.os : thick-fleeced, shaggy.
Sareojiai, impf. darevvro ( 27 6), fut.
ddffovrai, aor. tddeffaro, aor. opt. 5a-
ffa.l(j.f6a : divide, divide among (our)-
selves.
8d4>vTi : laurel, i 183.
W: conj. but, and. Freq. Sf is used
in the apodosis of a conditional or
relative clause, a transition to the
demonstrative construction, or a sur-
vival of the older and simpler 'para-
tactic' or 'co-ordinate' construction.
A clause with 8^ is used freq. where
a subordinate clause (of cause, con-
cession, time, etc.) might have been
used ; hence often 1 S<? may be trans-
lated, for, though, while.
-8^ : inseparable enclitic particle ; e.g
dyopriv-dt, to the agora. 36 d.
24
VOCABULARY TO THE
Svro : impf. seemed. Cf. doda-ffaro.
88at : used as aor. of Siddvnw, teacA.
StSdtjicas : hast learned, dost know. See
darjfffat.
ScSatarai : are divided. 47 n. See
dalo/xat.
, 88p.T)TO : see oa/j.vdw.
: plpf. of 5^w, build.
: hail, greet. See dflKw/ju.
ree, welcome.
Sei8u>, aor. eSeiffev, perf. ddSoiKa and
5ei5ia, inf. deidlpev (5/:6>s): /ear, am
afraid. Since the stem originally
began with two consonants, a short
vowel is often ' long by position '
before it. 62A/3.
SeiKvv(u, fut. 5'w, aor. e5a, perf. Sti-
5^X aTat ' point out, show ; hail, greet.
ScCXofiai : draw nigh to evening (8d\rj).
StiXosS : wretched, miserable, worthless.
Suvos (5<?os) 3 : terrible, fearful, dread.
Scivov: adv. terribly, dreadfully.
ScivoTttTos : superl. most dread, direst.
Sciirvew, aor. deiirvijcre : dine, eat, feast.
Seiirvia>, aor. partic. detirvl<r(ra.s : trans.
give a dinner, feast.
Stiirvov: dinner. The chief meal of
the day whenever it was taken ;
generally eaten about noon.
Seipavras : aor. partic. of dtpu, flay.
&tip-f\ : neck.
: aor. partic. of delSw, fear.
: indeclinable numeral, ten.
3 : ordinal, tenth. dfKdry, on
the tenth day.
i) : beggar.
: aor. of 5<?xM<, receive. 56.
ScXifns, -ivot : dolphin.
Sc'fxas : build, stature, form.
Sc'|ivia pi.: bedstead, bed, couch.
Scfiw, aor. iSeinmro, plpf. pass, oiofi^ro
(tim-ber, domUs): build.
8v8pov : tree.
ScvSprj-cis, -fff<ra . full of trees, woody.
Scga.ro : aor. of SixoiMi, receive.
8f ios 3 : right, on the right. 59 a.
8eiTpos : right, on the right. 43 c.
SGV : impf. of 5<fw, bind.
Sc'os, -cos (5/r^os): fear, terror.
8'iras, dat. pi. deirdeffffiv: goblet, beaker,
cup. Cf. KibireXXov.
i, iterative impf. 5ep/ce<r/cero, aor.
: look, s&, behold.
^pw): hide, skin.
: of hide, leather.
8pTpov : caul, peritoneum.
Se'pw, aor. fdeipav : flay. Cf. d^ppa.
, -O.TOS and Scorptos: bond, fastening.
: mistress, royal lady. (Fern,
of decnrbrris.)
8evpo : adv. hither.
: adj. last of all.
: imperatival interjection, equiv.
to Sevpo Ire, come hither.
Scvrcpov : adv. a second time.
Sfviw, iterative 8eve<TKov : moisten, wet.
Ssvw [5^/ra>], fut. devriffeai, aor. {Sefajafv :
need, lack, fall short of, am inferior
to, with gen. of the thing wanted,
or of the person with whom com-
parison is made.
8^xoK- ai aor - (<0$<aro, <?8^W ( 56 ) :
receive, take, accept, await.
8i|/T|(ras, aor. partic.: knead.
8&i>, aor. dijffa, eSrjfff, fd^ffaro, plpf.
pass. Se'Seiro: bind, fasten.
&-f\ : temporal and determinative par-
ticle, now, already, at length; lo!
clearly, just. No English particles
correspond to many of its uses.
Freq. with imv. and opt., and with
other particles, and strengthening
the superlative. It stands at the
beginning of a clause in the phrases
5rj r6re, Si) yap. It forms one syl-
lable (by 'synizesis') with the first
syllable of a5re, aC, and of ourwy, and
several other words.
St]0<i : adv. long, for a long time.
: delay, tarry.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
25
8r]i.oTTJs, -T?TOS: strife, conflict, battle.
Sijiow, aor. pass. Sgw^vrej : slay, kill.
A-qi4)o(3os: Deiphobus; son of Priam
who wedded Helen after the death
of Paris. 5 276, 517.
5r]\O(iai, aor. eSijX^iraj'To : harm.
&i\\r\\i.a., -aros : destruction.
AfjXos : Delos, the birthplace of Apollo
and Artemis.
At]jj^fJTT]p, -epos : Demeter, Ceres, sister
of Zeus, goddess of the grain (cereal)
fruits of the earth.
ST^IOS : adj. of the people, public. 17-
fuoi, yeomen.
Ar](i65oKos : Demodocus, the Phaeacian
bard. 44, 106, 262 ff., 472 ff.
Cf. Milton's Vacation Exercise 48 f.
' Such as the wise Demodocus once
told | In solemn songs at King Alci-
nous' feast, | While sad Ulysses' soul
and all the rest | Are held with his
melodious harmony | In willing chains
and sweet captivity.'
Sfjfios : country, land; people.
8ri|i6s : fat.
8^jv (5ff]v): adv. long, a long time.
Stjvea pi. : wiles, devices.
Srjpidop.ai, aor. dypiffavro (drjpis): dis-
pute, contend, strive.
Si]pov : adv. long. Cf. d-ijOd, S-f/v.
Sijo-a: aor. of 6tw, bind.
Srfjw : as fut. shall find. 51 f.
8Tjw0vTs : aor. pass, partic. of drjt6w,
kill, slay.
8ia : fern, of 67os, magnificent, divine.
Sid (5w>) : adv. and prep, with gen. and
ace., between, through, in different
directions, on account of. did rpixa.
KOfffiiiMvTes, arranged in three com-
panies ; did randy, cutting in pieces.
In composition with verbs, Std in-
dicates motion through something,
completion, separation, reciprocal
relation.
Sia-f3a(v(i>, aor. inf. Siaftri/^evai : cross.
Sia-'yA.duJxo, aor. partic. 5iay\d^a.aa :
scoop out.
8ia-6pa.|ioi : aor. opt. of diarptxu, trav-
erse.
Sia-iir(|Xv ( 47 g) (tlirov): aor. inf. say
thoroughly, say in full.
Si-o,T]|u : blow through.
Sia-Kpivu, aor. Mnplvw (discerno):
separate, distinguish.
SiaKTopos : messenger. Epithet of Her-
mes ; generally connected with 'Ap-
Si-a|iircp<s : adv. through and through,
completely through, right through.
Sia-ircpOw, aor. 8itirep<re, Sitirpaffov: sack,
lay waste.
8ia-irTO(iai, aor. SieVroTo : fly through
(the air).
Sia-irX^jo-o-w, aor. inf. 3iair\T?eu : strike
through.
8ia-Trpr|<r<rw [irpda-ffu'] : pass through,
accomplish.
8ia-ppaiw, fut. diappatffei : tear in pieces.
Sia-ereviofJiai, aor.5i^o-<ri;To: rush through,
hasten through.
8ia-erKi8vTi(xi, aor. dieffK^dafffv : scatter,
shatter.
8ia-<rxCSw, aor. Maxww ' split, rend,
tear.
aor - S^T/j.ayov, aor. partic.
: cut in two, cleave, separate.
8ia-Tp'x, aor. ditSpa/Mv : run (through)
across, traverse.
Sia-Tpipci>: (rub), hinder, delay.
8ia-4>a(vo(xai : gleam brightly.
Sia-4>pd^w, aor. dieirtypaSf : point out
clearly, admonish.
8ia-x&>, aor. di4xfvav. quarter.
8iSdo-K(i), aor. St5ae : teach. See Saifa-u.
Si8t]|ii, imv. SiStvTwv (5^w): bind.
8i&[u, 3 pers. diducri and 61801, pi. 5t5oO-
ffiv ( 55 a), fut. dtiffw, aor. 5wca,
fdo<rav, subjv. dffi, inf. Sofavai, dovvat,
aor. opt. pass, doffeiri (do) : give,
grant.
26
VOCABULARY TO THE
Si.-8pa(iov : aor. of diarptxu, traverse,
run across.
Si-tiiT-ofitv : aor. iiul. said in detail. See
5ia.fiirefj.fv.
Si-f Ciroficv : impf. of SI^TTU.
8i-ipojiai : inquire, ask.
8i-6t : prep, forth, through.
Si-tKpivtv : aor. of SiaKpivw, separate.
8i-X9e'|iv : aor. inf. of SitpxoiMi, go
through.
8i-irp<r : aor. of diairtpOu, sack.
8i--trt'4>paSe : aor. of 5ia<}>pdfa, admonish.
Si-irpa0ov : aor. of SiawtpOu, sack.
Si-irraTo: aor. of 8iairtToiJ.a.i,fly through.
Si-tirci>, impf. 5ienro/j>: am busy about,
accomplish, do.
Si-tp&ro-u, aor. dir/peffa : row stoutly.
Sup6s : living, quick.
Si-cpxo|iai, aor. inf. SteXO^v. go through.
Si-co-KcSao-c : aor. of Suuricldrtifu., scatter.
8i-6<r<rvTo : aor. of d
8i-o-\i.<rv : aor. of
8i-T(Aa-yov : aor. of
8i-t'xvav : aor. of diaxtw, quarter.
: seek. (Equiv. to fijr^w.)
\ : small island near Crete.
: adv. exactly, at length.
8it]vKT|s, -&: continuous, long.
Si-rjpco-a : aor. of 5iep6r<rw.
8u-irTT|s, -&>s (Zetfs, ITITTTW): sent from
Zeus, heaven-sent.
8iK<ii>, aor. StKaa-av (Slier)): judge; mid.
claim my right, contend.
SIKCUOS (diKf)): just, civilized, ivell-man-
nered.
8iKoo--ir6\os : guardian of justice, judge.
8(101 : custom, way, manner, right.
Si-xXfe, -i'5oj; two-leaved.
Sivcvw and Slvcw : turn; mid. wander.
8f VTJ : eddy.
8iv^-is, -fffara : eddying.
8lo--yvVjs, -as : sprung from Zeus. Epi-
thet of Odysseus as king, and thus
under the special care of the king of
the gods. See
Si-ourTEv<i>, aor. opt. Sioicrrewetaj : shoot
an arrow across.
AioK\fjs, -7?os : king in Phera in Mes-
senia. 7 488.
Si-6\Xv|u, perf. 3i6Xa>Xe: ruin utterly;
perf. as pass, am ruined.
AiojiT|8i}s, -os : Diomed. Son of Tydeus
(who fell in the first expedition
against Thebes), king of Argos, one
of the bravest and mightiest of the
Achaeaus before Troy. Only Aga-
memnon and Nestor led a larger
fleet on the expedition, -y 181.
AIOVVO-OS : Dionysus, Bacchus. Son of
Zeus and Semele, reared by nymphs
hi Thrace. He is mentioned only
incidentally in Homer, and clearly
has not gained a place among the
gods of Olympus. X 325.
8105, Sia, Slav, glorious, divine, godlike,
noble, without reference to moral
quality. A freq. epithet of Odysseus
and of Achilles, having convenient
metrical adaptation to their names,
allowing the bucolic diaeresis (at the
close of the fourth foot). STa Oedwv,
heavenly (of goddesses) goddess, since
5la has a superlative idea and may be
construed with a partitive genitive.
8io-rp<})T|s, -&>s : Zeus-nourished, Zeus-
chenshed. Epithet of Menelaus, who
as king enjoyed Zeus's care ; also of
the Phaeacians, e 378. See dtoyerfs,
which was suited metrically to Odys-
seus (AaepTidSr;*), as this is to Mene-
laus. 25 /. See on S?os.
8-irTu|, ace. diirrvxa double.
SCs: numeral adv., twice.
8icr-9avVjs, -^os : twice-dying.
SICTKCW : hurl a quoit.
SICTKOS (cf. disk) : discus, quoit. The
game was more like 'putting the
shot' than the modern 'pitching
quoits,' the effort being made to hurl
the discus as far as possible rather
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
27
than to have it remain at a definite
spot.
SiffKOS.
8i(f>pos : footboard of chariot, chariot ;
.low seat, chair. (See fip/uo.)
8x a an( l 8i\8<i ( 33 i) : adv. in two
parts, divided.
8i\|/dw (Stya): I thirst.
: pursue, chase.
dnvTjfu) : female slave, maid.
5fj.uai yvvalMs, serving women.
8|juos, ace. 5/j.ua : slave.
8od<rcraTO : aor. of dYaro, seem.
SoOuTj : aor. opt. pass, of Sidufju..
Soiw (dual), pi. doiofa, Soid [5i*>]: two.
SoKtvo) : watch, observe.
8oKw, aor. 5&Ki)<rt: seem, appear.
60X1.09 3 : wily, crafty, cunning.
AoXtos : an old slave of Penelope. S 735.
: long-shafted.
long-oared.
8oXix.6s 3 : long.
SoXo-cis, -fffffa: wily, crafty, cunning.
8oX6-|AT]Tts, ace. -iv. crafty-minded.
80X05 : wile, craft, trick, deceit, bait.
SoXo-4>pove<o : have crafty mind.
S6|ivai [Souvai] : aor. inf. of dlSufu.
86(xov-8e : adv. to (his) home. 36 d.
86(ios (5tfj.w, do in us): dwelling, house,
home; great hall. See Sw/to.
86^a : opinion, expectation.
8op6s (dtpu): skin, leather sack.
Sopire'w, aor. Sopirrjaai : take Supper, Slip.
See detirvov.
86pirov: supper, evening meal.
86pv, dat. Soi/part, nom. pi. Sovpa and
5oi/para, dat. pi. dotipevffi : tree, timber,
beam, spear.
86s imv., 86o-av ind., 86rc imv. : aor. of
diSu/u, give.
86<ris, -tos : gift. Cf. dupov, Surivi).
SovXt] : female slave.
AovXixiov: Dulichium. Island in the
Ionian Sea, southeast of Ithaca, in-
habited by Epeans. (Or, perhaps,
part of Cephallenia, Same being
the other part.)
Soviros : heavy noise, thud.
Sovpa, 8ovp : see 36pv, tree, spear.
Sovpdrcos (S6pv) : of wood, wooden.
Sovpo-8oKT) (dfxofun): spear-holder.
8pdKwv, -OVTOS (cf. dragon): serpent.
Spciru, aor. dpe^/dfievoi : break off, pluck.
8p^jo-Tipa: (worker), female servant,
maid.
running, course, road.
l.: wood, thicket.
Spvirrw, aor. dpinf/a/jL^vw, aor. pass, dpv-
(f>07) : tear, tear off.
8ps, gen. 8pv6t: tree, (esp.) oak.
Avfias, -avros : a Phaeacian. f 22.
Svvafjiai, fut. Svtrf/fferai, aor. pass, as
mid. Swdffdt) : can, am able.
8vva(us, -to? : power, might, ability.
8vw : enter, go in.
1'S
VOCABULARY TO
8vo and 8v: indeclinable, two. See
Soit6. 44.
(Plan of part of the palace at Tiryns, with
measurements in metres.)
SuoKaCScKa [5u8eKa]: indeclinable, twelve.
8v<r- : inseparable prefix indicating
something grievous.
8v<r-a^s, -&j (&w) : harsh-blowing.
8vo-To: set (of the sun), sank, crept,
aor. of Srfw. 51 h, 53 6.
8wr-t]\os : quick-tempered, hot-headed.
8vo--Ki]8yjs, -& (K7?8os) : dreary, noxious.
8uo--|j.veco : am ill-disposed, bear ill-will.
8vo--|wv^js, -<rs : ill-disposed, hostile. &v-
Spes Sv<Tfj.ei>tes, enemies.
Sv<r-|iopos : ill-fated, wretched.
8v<rop.vos . set, aor. of 5i/w. 51 h.
Svor-irovos, gen. dvo-irovtos : laborious,
painful.
SVO-TTJVOS : wretched, unhappy.
Svw : see 5tfo, two.
8iiw, fut. ddffofj.ai, aor.
perf. dtdvKev: enter, go into, go among,
put on; of the sun and the constel-
lations, set, sink.
SuwSeKa: indeclinable, twelve.
8vw8KaTos 3 : twelfth.
Sa> : indeclinable short form of
: indeclinable, twelve.
3 : twelfth.
Swjia, -arcs: house, home, palace.
Swpov (8t5w/at): gift.
8<ri [5v] : aor. subjv. of didwfu.
8wTT|p, -Tjpos: giver.
8wTtvT] : ^t/i(, present.
Swrwp, -opos : Driver.
8' eSwKa : aor. ind. of
E.
<( (/r^) : enclitic, 3 pers. pron. ace. him,
her. It is equiv. to Attic avrdv, avr-f^v,
which is usually intensive in Homer.
ea imv., tdas pres. ind. or subjv., av
inf. : of tdu.
Id : neut. pi. of e6s, his own.
td-ytj aor. pass., ca|av aor. act. : of &yw-
(ju, break.
cao-iv [ftfftv] : 3 pi. pres. of ei/j.1, am.
ato, impf. ffav, fut. ed(m, aor. et'dtra and
eatra : allow, permit, leave alone.
^wv: good things, gen. pi. of etfs.
pav [e/STjo-oc] : 2 aor. of fiaivw, go.
356|xaTos 3 : seventh.
(38onos : seventh.
(36ppvKiv : plpf. as impf. of /Spu^aojucu,
roar.
tpi'ia-ajiev, 1 aor., transitive, tp^o-tro
[e/37j], aor. mid.: of /Sa^w, go.
e|36\ovTO : impf. of /SotfXo/zcu, wish.
(y^vaXilu), aor. ^77ud\t^a : put in (one's)
hands, give.
receive security.
security, surety, pledge.
: adv. from near at hand, near.
'fc : adv. near.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
29
s-yip, aor. eyeipe and typtro, inf. typf-
ffOai : rouse, wake.
: aor. of ya^w, marry, wed.
pi. : inwards, entrails, vitals.
vvju, aor. iyKarivn^a, fix
within, fix.
t-y-KttTa-TiBuju, aor. fyKdrBero : place
within.
iy-Kf$a\os (Kf(pa\-/i) : brain.
c-y-Kovlw : partic. actively, zealously.
t-y-KpviTTw, aor. ti>ticpv\f/f . conceal in.
ryvw : aor. of yiyixlxncw, know.
YP T > -ypoiro : aor. of tyelpw, wake.
(Perhaps eypero should be written
yypero, assembled, from dyeip u.)
*'YX ' T 1 (sTX 05 )' spear, lance.
*YX'T1 : P res - subjv. of <?7*<:w.
-yXrl-|J.<i>pos : spear-gelding.
-y-xw or iy\ti<i : pour in.
*YKs : lance, spear. Generally of ash-
- wood, with a bronze point.
-yw(v), gen. <?/uetb, (l)/xcv, or tutQev ( 36 c),
dat. (t)/u>l, ace. (<?)M<^ : 1 pers. pron.
/, me.
tSa,T|v: learned, aor. pass, of 5i5d<7-Kw,
teach.
8d<rraTO : aor. of darto/JLat, divide.
e8a4>os : bottom.
: aor. of 5^xoMt, await. 5(3.
: aor. of dtfua, build.
cSeipav : aor. of 5^w, flay.
cScio-av : aor. of Seldu, fear.
: aor. of 5^xAi receive. 5(3.
: aor. of 5^w, bind.
S, -vos (eSu) : eating, food.
u : pres. inf. of 3w, eat.
?8va and 8va pi.: wedding-gifts, dowry,
used both of the presents given by
the suitor to the bride's father and
of the dowry given by the father
(a 277, /3 196). See te5t>6u.
eSocrav : aor. of didu/Mi.
?8os, -eos (sedes): seat, home.
eSpaxov : aor. of dtpiconai, see.
ilSpri (?5os) : seat, row of seats.
tSpido|jLai : am seated.
c8w, t8<rtTO : aor. of 8vu, sink. 51 h,
5:3 6.
?8w, inf. ed/Jifvai, f ut. tSo/ucu (e d o) : eat.
Cf. iaOiu. 6vfj.bv Udovres, devouring
our souls in impatience or grief.
eSwS^j : food.
5va : see eoca.
8v6a), aor. tfdi><J!><TaiTo : dower, give in
betrothal.
iKoo-d-poios : adj. (of) the worth of
twenty cattle.
IKOO-I : see ef/coeri, twenty.
ciKoo--opos : adj. twenty-oared.
&IKOO-TOS [etKo<7r6s]: twentieth.
ii : see eiirov, said.
eeio-aro : appeared, aor. of eWo/uat.
^cXSojxai : desire.
ceXSwp : wish, desire.
K'PYO) and p-yvv(jii, perf. tpxarai, plpf.
epxa.ro, itpxa.ro (fepy-): (separate),
shut in, enclose, shut out ; keep away
from.
: dew.
: aor. of 6yi>v/u, yoke.
i, aor. elcre, imv. elffov, partic. to-aaa
(?5os): sit, aor. seated.
ti\v \?)v] : see elp.i.
T|vSave : impf. of dvSdvu, please.
T)<riv [^]: pres. subjv. of et>.
cfjo-tv : dat. fern. pi. of e6s, his.
6v : impf. of 64ta, run.
c0e\|v : aor. of 0t\yu, charm.
eOeXovT^jp, -rjpos : volunteer.
IGcXw, impf. ^0e\e, fut. t6e\-/i<rw: wish,
am willing, consent, ofa ^Awv,
unwilling.
0(j.v, cOeo-av : aor. of riffrifu, place.
40T]cvfi(r0a, impf. ind., 0rj^(ravTO aor.:
of OritofMi, look with wonder.
tOvos, -eos : nation, tribe, host.
0op : aor. of OpuffKu, leap.
tl, at : conditional particle', if, whether
(in indirect questions). It often in-
troduces a wish, ef vov or ef TTO>S
30
VOCABULARY TO THE
with the subjv. or opt. can be ren-
dered freq. by on the chance that,
in the hope that, if haply. In e/ 5'
4>e, et seems to be an interjection,
pray! a particle of encouragement
and stimulus leading up to the ex-
hortation 75.
<X5. : impf. of e'dw, allow, permit.
t'ia.TO [rjvro, 47 n] : impf. of fjfMu, sit.
ttpco : drop (a tear).
d 8' a-y : but up ! come ! See ef.
eiSap, -arcs : fjod, viands.
tlSfl subjv., clSi]<r^|x<v fut. inf.: of otto.,
know.
El8o6tT) : Eidothea, a sea-nymph. 5 366.
i'Sop.cu, aor. ieiaaro and etffa.ro : appear,
seem, appear like, take the form of.
I8ov, I8ov, and l86|iT]v, subjv. f8 and
tSwjiai, imv. t8 (fiS-, video): saw,
see. Used as aor. of opdu. Cf. otta.
l6os, -eos (p 18-) : appearance, face.
tlSoTa partic., clS$ subjv., tlSws partic. :
of oI5a, know.
tESwXov (z'doZ) : shape, phantom.
tltv, tttj : opt. of et/xt.
ct-Ot : would that, O that ! introduces a
wish.
ctxeXos (f IK-), like, resembling.
ei'Kocri. (pelicoffi, viginti): twenty.
{Ko<rr<is : twentieth.
tiKTTjv plpf. ( 52 c), Jucuia fern, partic.
( 52 0) : of eowco, am Jifre, resemble.
ctKw, aor. ei|ov, iterative aor. etfrffKf
(few-, weaken) : yield, make way.
ctXttiruvdSw : feast.
clXairtvrj : feast, banquet.
l\ap ace. : defence, protection.
lXd,Tivos 3 (AdrTj): of fir, fir.
l\'w : drive, shut in.
el\T|\ov0as [<?\7)Xv0as], tlX^XovOfMV [^X??-
\irdoLfijfv\ : perf . of epxo/uat, come.
clXC-iros, -o5os : (leg-twisting), rolling-
gaited, swing-paced. Epithet of cattle
in contrast with a.fp<riiro5fs 'iiriroi.
tl!X\i(Aa, -aros : wrapping, covering.
tl\vu), plpf. pass. et\vro : wrap.
etXto, aor. partic. eXo-os (/reX-):
tlpa, -aros (^vvu/ut, /reer-, vest is): gar-
ment, robe, pi. clothes.
ipiapTo : plpf. of nelpofj.a.1, allot, ordain.
tl\Ltv [{ff/jitv] : 1 pi. of elfd, am.
(I \L-(\ : if not, unless.
dpi, 2 sing. iff<rl or els, 3 sing. t<rrl(v),
1 pi. el(i.{v, 2 pi. to-re", 3 pi. etV^v) or
facri(v), 1 sing, subjv. Iw, 3 sing, fyffiv
or ^o'i(i'), 3 pi. %w<ri, opt. et-qv, 3 pi. (iff,
2 sing. imv. !Wo (mid.), 3 sing, ecrrw,
pi. effruf, inf. elvoi, efj.(fj.)ft>ai, or fjaef,
partic. ewv, 1 sing. impf. ^a, 2 sing.
^ff6a, 3 sing, ^v, ^ey, or IV, 3 pi. ^o-av
or t<rav, iterative impf. ecr/ce ( 57 a),
fut. (<rofjMi, 2 sing, eo-ffeat, 3 sing. iVrai
or eVcreToi ( 33 a), 1 pi.
( 47 m), 3 pi. 6ff(<r)ovrai, inf.
partic. tffffontvouri: am, exist, live,
teal tfftrointvcHffi, even for future gener-
ations. The vowel of the stem t<r-
is regularly retained.
ct|U, 3 sing, elo-c, 1 pi. tfuv, subjv. fw,
1 pi. toftev, imv. tffi, inf. f/xei/(at) or
tVrot, partic. Iwv, impf. ^ia, 3 sing,
^ie(^), jei, or Te, 3 du. trijv, 1 pi. yopev,
3 pi. ra-ov, aor. efaaTo : go, depart,
come. (The connexion decides whence
and whither the action proceeds.)
The pres. ind. is freq. used as fut.
(as regularly in Attic), while the
impf. ind. and the other moods are
used as aorists.
civ [eV]: prep. in.
tlvd-Tes (tvvta.) : adv. for nine years.
ttv-dXios (aXs) 3 : in the sea, of the sea.
cl'vcxa : see eW*ca, on account of.
tivi [eV] : prep. in.
tvo<ri-4>vXXos : leaf-shaking, leafy,
ivooded.
tifjav, ti'jjao-Ke : see ef(cw, yield.
clos, ticos, >s : adv. while, meanwhile,
until; till then; in order that, (ijos
is prob. the original form.)
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
31
cC irtp : if really, if indeed.
iirTO : iinpf. of !7ro/uai, follow.
tlirov or eenroi/ (aor. ind.), 2 sing, efrros,
2 sing, subjv. eftrj/o-^a), 3 sing, efn-fl-
(fftv), imv. eto^, partic. etVwv, inf.
eiiretv or E&rl/tei^at), iterative etire<TKc
(/r^iros, voco): said, &>M, spoke. Js
eiVtiv, Mus speaking, with these words.
See $;,"/, eipw.
tt irov, 'i irws : if perchance, if haply,
in the hope that.
ttp-ydTO : iuipf. of tpydo/j.ai, work.
e'ipepos : servitude, slavery.
etpt<rii] : rowing.
clpT|p.va : perf. pass, of etpw, say.
etpop.a.1, 2 subjv. ftprjai, fut. eipijcro/xat,
aor. subjv. ^pti/uetfa, inf. iptffOa.i . ask,
inquire about. Cf. efpw and tptw.
tlpo-iroKos : wool-fleeced, woolly.
ctpos, -fos : wool.
elpirov : impf. of I/>TTW, creep.
elpvarai : perf. pass, of ^ptfw, draw up.
ctpva-Oai : see ZpvfMt, guard.
l'pu<r<r : aor. of tptiu, draw.
etpw, fut. tptw, perf. pass, partic. et'prj-
nivo. (/rep-, verbum, word): say, tell,
announce.
tlptordw [epajTaw]: asfc, inquire.
cts [eJ] : 2 sing, of Vu'i am.
els, 4s : adv. and prep, with ace., into,
to, until. Sometimes it seems to be
followed by a gen. because of an
ellipsis, as et's 'AiSao, to Hades's
realm; et's Alyfarroio, to the country of
Aegyptus. It rarely follows its noun.
tls, p.a, ?v, gen. e c6s, yutas, evis : one.
t<r-d.Yw, aor. partic. el<rayayov<ra. : lead
in.
dcrav : seated, aor. of ?fo/uat, sit.
to--ava-pa(vo) : go up to.
etcr-av-a-yw : lead into.
lo--dvTa: adv. in the face, opposite.
f<ro.TO : aor. of eT/iu, go.
t<r-a4>-iKV0[iai, aor. subjv. etVa<pt'K7;Tcu:
come to, reach.
tc--(3aCvw : go in, enter, embark.
et<r-S<'pKop.cu, aor. ifftSpaKev: look in,
behold.
lr(v): seated, aor. of Ifo/wu, sit.
cto-cai : fut. of oida, know.
etor-i8ov : aor. of eicropdu, look upon.
clo--t\euo (t\avvw) : drive in, row in.
l<r-voT]o-a : aor. of elavotta, perceive, see.
tlar-tpvdi, aor. eicrepuffavres : draw in.
cUr-pxo|iai, fut. lffe\(v<rofjiai, aor. tla-
rj\6ev or eiff-/i\v6ev : coin.e in, enter.
fo-rj (/r?ffos): fern. adj. equal, well-bal-
anced, trim, shapely (of ships) ; fair,
of a feast where each has a portion
suited to his rank.
cUr-fjXOcv or cUHjXvticv : aor. of ewr^pxo-
fj.a.1, enter.
efrr-iSc [fiffelde], cUriScciv: aor. of etVopdw,
look upon.
tlo-i0|M] (isthmus): entrance, f 264.
io-K (fix-)-, think (him) like, liken,
make like.
, aor. tifftvb-tiaa. : behold, see.
: way in, entrance.
cUr-oi\vc'a> : come in, enter.
els o K(V): until. (For ew TOVTO iv $
Kf.) Equiv. to Attic ?ws &v.
tlo-ov : seat, aor. imv. of Ifo^at, sit.
tlcr-opa.it>, 3 pi. (or partic. dat. pi.) fi<ro-
pbuffiv, inf. eiffopdaffOai, aor. flffetSov
or etffiSov, inf. eitridteiv : look upon,
behold, see.
cUr-4><p b> ) o"<j>'p : 6n'n^r in.
cl<r-4>op'<i>, cr4>opto : bring in.
cfcrco, ecro) (et's) : adv. within. Twice
with a gen. ; more freq. with an ace.
(' limit of motion ').
ctrai : perf. pass, of Ivw/xi, clothe.
cC TC . . . ct re : whether ... or.
&!>' : ^tVe", say, tell, imv. of elirov .
ctwv: impf. of tdu, permit, allow.
elws : adv. , see efoj.
IK, ^ (before vowels) : adv. and prep.
with gen., out, forth, from. t ov,
since; ^dpx^s,/ro/?i of old; ^ <pi5oj,
32
VOCABULARY TO THE
(out of) in strife ; /tijnos * <5\o^s, as
a result of the destructive rage. In
composition, ^/c denotes separation
or completion (utterly).
(Ka-cp-yos (f ds, ftpyov) . far-worker.
Epithet of Apollo. Cf. Ko.Trip6\os.
eicds : adv. far, far away, far from.
cKao-Tcpu : adv. farther.
cKd<rTo-0i : adv. at each place.
tKao-Tos 3 (f e/c-) : each. It is freq. added
in appos. with the subject of the prin-
cipal verb, in the sing, when the
individual is to be made prominent.
KdTp6t(v): adv. on either side.
tKo.TT|-|36Xos : far-darter, far-shooter.
Epithet of Apollo (the sun-god) as
god of the bow. Cf. tidepyos.
cKaT6|i-pT| (jSoOs): hecatomb; strictly a
sacrifice of a hundred cattle, but the
poet is not exact as to number or
class of the victims, hence sacrifice.
<K-paCvo), aor. subjv. SK/SIJTC, partic. ^K-
/3<is : go forth, disembark (as opposite
K-pdXXio, aor. eK/3aXe : cast out, knock
out, utter, fell (a tree).
K-pa<ris, -ios : way out, exit.
tK-^i-yvofiai, perf. partic. ttcyeyavta,
plpf. tKycydrriv: am born from, perf.
am sprung from.
IK--YOVOS : child, offspring.
^K-Stpw, aor. partic. tudelpas : flay.
<K-Svv<0 : put off, doff.
i'ao-<re : aor. of /cedfw, shatter.
Ke'6a<j-(j-v : aor. of (ff)KfSdwv/j.i, scatter.
CKCIVOS, -TJ. -o (fKei) -. the (man) there.
that one, yon.
Ki-o- : adv. thither, there.
KKao-To : plpf. of Ka.iwfj.ai, excel.
KKcv0iv : plpf. of Ketidu, conceal.
<KK\cTo : aor. of /cAo/xae, order.
|KT|(V): aor. of KO.IU. burn.
?KT]\OS : in peace, undisturbed.
CKipva : impf. of iclprri/jLi, mix.
: aor. of Ki\dvw, come to, find.
K-Ka\e'oj, aor. partic. ^K/coX^c-aj'Tej : call
out (of the house).
K KoXvirrw : uncover.
K-\av0dvo>, aor. tK\d6ero, opt. ^/cXeXd-
^otro : forget utterly.
K\VOV : impf. of /cXtfw, hear.
tK\v<rQi\ : see K\V&, dash.
K-\TJ&), f ut. tK\6<rofj.ai : release from.
Kira-y\os : terrible.
ws : adv. terribly, mightily.
dw, 3 pi. (Kirepbuaiv, aor. ^eTr^ptj,
ffev: traverse, pierce.
K-iriv, aor. tK-n-iev: drink out, drink all.
K-Trpo-KaX&o, aor. iKirpoKa\effffa.^vri :
call forth from.
iK-irpo-Xeiirw, aor. tKTrpoXnrbvTes : go
forth and leave.
CK-ITTVIW, aor. Qtirrvae i spit out.
K-cra6w, aor. e^ea-dua-e (ffy'fw, sanus):
save out of, save from.
K-<ru, aor. i^iffwro: rush forth.
Kra and cKravc, aor. act. ; CKTO&V [ex-
TdO-tiaav], aor. pass.: of Kreivu, slay.
6K-Td|ivw, aor. fKTaftev, t^rafiov: cut
out, cut.
K-TX&i>, impf. tert\ei.ov, aor. tere-
Xeiro-e, subjv. tKTeXiffU) (r^Xos) : accom-
plish, perform.
?KTo-0ev: adv. with gen., apart from.
SKTOS (e|): sixth.
KTos*and KTO<r-flv: without, outside of,
away from.
K-<f>ac(vco, aor. pass. te<t>adi>&r) and te-
<t>dvr)-. show forth, pass, appear.
K-cj)pu) : carry forth, bring out.
K-<j>v-yw, aor. fK<j>vye: escape.
K-<j>T]fj.i, inf. tK<f>d<r6a.i : speak out, utter.
K-4>0ivw, plpf. pass. &<t>8iTo : waste,
use up.
K-4>vyiv : aor. inf. of &c0ei/yu, escape.
^K-XW, aor. mid. ^Kx^evoi, plpf. pass.
l&ntxvvTo : pour out, drop.
IKC&V, -6rros (p etc-) : willing, of (my) own
will.
cXdav : inf. of t\du, drive, row. 50 c.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
33
Xcur| : olive, olive tree.
eXaivcos and eXaivos: adj. of olive wood,
olive.
cXcuov : olive oil, used (perfumed) as
an unguent after the bath, but not
iu the preparation of food.
IA.O.TT) : pine tree, pine, pine oar.
'EXarptvs: a Phaeacian. 5111.
\avvw and \dw, inf. e\dav ( 50 c),
impf. e\wi>, fut. ind. i\6wri, inf. t\dav,
aor. TjXaffd, tXafffv, eXacr<7e, aor. subjv.
4\dffv, pf. t\7i\a.Tai, plpf. fXrjX^Sarai :
drive, strike, beat, row, sail, ruri
(trans.); mid. is run, runs (intrans.).
eXa<J>os fein. : deer, doe.
eXa.4>pos : light, nimble, quick. tXcuppb-
repoj, Aa0p6raTos, comparative and
superlative.
Xa4>pu>s : adv. lightly, buoyantly.
: fern. adj. small.
: received a lot or portion, aor.
of
eXdw : see
2Xe [rfXe] : aor. of alpfu, seize, take.
cXeatpw (eXeos): pity.
: aor. of Xyw, number.
: most disgraced.
: aor. inf. of alptu, take.
(eXeoj): pitiable, pitied. Sup.
tXefiv6Ta.Tos.
\c'w, aor. Alqo-a : pity.
Xet|fiwv, -ovos: full of pity.
4XeXeiirro : plpf. of \fiirw, leave.
cXeXi^w, aor. AA(e, aor. pass. t\e\lx9ii
turn about.
'~E\tvr\ -. Helen, daughter of Zeus, sister
of Castor and Polydeuces, wife of
Menelaus, mother of Hermione.
Famed for her beauty. Carried off
to Troy by Paris, son of Priam, and
thus the occasion of the Trojan War.
After the capture of Ilios, she re-
turned to Sparta with Menelaus.
5 121 ff.
: iterative aor. of alptw, take.
: fut. of epxotuu, come, go.
roj (elephant): ivory.
IXT|0 : aor. of \avOdvu, escape notice.
IXrjXarai, fX^XeSarai : see i\auvw.
^X0t'nv(ai) : aor. inf. of tpxofJMi, go, come.
iXig,-ufos: rolling. Epithet of cattle, with
reference to their rolling, clumsy gait.
cXKc'w, aor. TjX/cTjo-e : drag, assail.
(=XKU> : draw.
cXXap, tXXdpTo : aor. of \anpdvu, take,
take hold of, seize. 46 c.
'EXXdis, -d5os: Hellas. Strictly the
country under the rule of Peleus in
Thessaly, X 496. Thence in later
times (but not in Homer) the name
was extended to all Greece.
&Xi<rdL|iT)v : aor. of \tro/j.ai, pray.
IXXirdveve : impf. of \irav^u,pray, beg.
SIXovTo : aor. of aiptu, take.
IXocoo-i : fut. of tXatvw, sail. 51 6.
'EXir^vwp, -opos : a comrade of Odys-
seus, who lost his life at the home
of Circe. K 552, X 51, p. 10.
IXirw, subjv. mid. 1X71-17, impf. ryXTrero
and eXirero, perf . toXira (fe\ir-) : pres.
act. give hope, make hopeful, 91;
mid. and perf. hope.
eX-n-uipT) : hope.
cXo-as: aor. partic. of e?X, check.
4Xvw, aor. pass. t\vffffeis : curl.
tXwv : impf. of i\aAvu, drive.
?Xwp : booty, prey.
eji-paivw, aor. (/*PTI : set foot upon,
embark.
|i-fSdXXci>, aor. e/*/3aXe: throio in, cast
upon, place in.
epppuov (embryo): young one, suckling.
p,-0v, tfxtio, ^(iv [tfiov] ' gen. of ^yt6.
tjieiva : aor. of ptvu, wait, await.
I(uv(ai) [efvat]: inf. of etjtii.
tlii-yr], fxi|av : aor. of /jdywfju, unite.
Ip.|j.vai [elwii] : inf. of dpi. 33 e.
fifivt's : adv. continually.
|i(Aope : perf. of neiponai, receive as my
portion, with genitive.
34
VOCABULARY TO THE
?p.fiopos (fifipo(j.ai): partaker.
fi6s :> : my.
|j.-rrciop.ai : regard, pay attention.
cpirtSos : firm, unshaken, steadfast, con-
stant, unchanged, appointed.
e)iireSov : adv. without change, continu-
ally.
(A-irto- [(vtire<re~\ : aor. of fair lima.
(AiTT|s in spite of all, albeit, still.
ip.-w(irXr]|ii, fut. inf. enirXfifff/jiev, aor.
partie. t/j.Tr\7]ffas, aor. mid. t/j.ir\riffa.To,
aor. mid. as pass. fp.ir\^vro, aor. pass.
(t>nr\T]<TOT)vai : fill up, fill, satisfy.
!|x-irfirr, aor. f^ireffe : fall into, fall
upon.
f\L-ir\t\iri\iv : fut. inf. of ifiiriir\i)fj.i.
tfx-irveu, aor. evewevirev : breathe in,
inspire.
|iiropos : (voyager, trader), passenger.
4ji-4>op&) (<pepu) : bear among.
ev, cv, elv, ctvt: adv., and prep, with
dat., in, therein, among. ev with the
dat. is freq. used with verbs of motion,
because of the state of rest that fol-
lows the motion. It sometimes seems
to be construed with the gen. because
of an ellipsis ; eiv 'Aidao, in Hades' s
realm ; iv 'AX/cti^io, in the palace of
Alcinoiis (as we say, ' 'Twas at Mr.
Blank's'). Cf. els.
Iva : acc. of els, one.
v-aio-ip.os (al<ra) : according to fate,
portentous, righteous, fitting.
^v-aXi-yxios : like, resembling.
v-a.fi\-yci> : //"'/' in. t 223.
v-avHos 3 : opposite, to meet, face to
face.
tv-ap-y^s, -&: visible, before (my) eyes,
in plain view.
ev-aptipws, -6s : fitted in. e 236.
iv-a.pi9fii.os (dpi0/i6s): adj. in the number,
i.e. to make the number full.
cvScKciTos ."> : eleventh.
v-Se'u>, aor. tvtSrio-ev : bind in.
ivSlos : adj. at noon.
cvSo-9cv : adv. from within, within.
v8o-0i, cvSov: adv. within, inthe house.
tv-5oinrw, aor. (i>Sovirr)<ra : fall with a
thud.
cvSvKc'ws : adv. cheerfully, heartily.
V-TJK : aor. of %u, put in.
cvciKav [fpryicar]: aor. of <t>tpu, bear.
v-ifjii, inipf. ivtyv : am in.
KveKO. and (more freq.) etvcKa: prep, with
gen. on account of, for the sake of,
because of; for lack of.
v-CKpv\|/ : aor. of e-yK^irrta, conceal in.
v-irvv<rev : aor. of inirvtu, inspire.
virw, iniv. twe-ire ( 33 e), fut. tvtyw,
tvicir-qffij}, aor. subjv. ^via-a-u, imv. tv-
iffires (cf. 0<?s, 56s), inf. ivurirelv (<rr-):
tell, say. (Used only in poetry.)
ev-epei8w, aor. Mpeiffav: thrust in.
evep-Otv : adv. from below, beneath.
v-&rTa.KTai , perf. of tvffTdfw.
ev-cvSw : sleep in.
v-r]^s, -fs : kindly, trusty.
v-T)p.ai : am seated in. 5 272.
tv-^o-opv : flit, of tvirifjii, launch.
v6a: adv. there, here, where, then.
tvda (%) KO.I fvGa, in this direction or
in that, back and forth, on this side
and on that.
tv6a.-8e : adv. hither, here, there.
v-0e'p.evcu [<lv6 fluai]: aor. inf. oitvriOr]fju,
place in.
?v0v [tvTevOev] : adv. thence, from that
source, hence, on this side.
!v0e'v-S: hence.
?v-0TO [ivWriKc] : aor. of ev-ridtiiu.
4v : in. See ev.
Ivi: by ' anastrophe ' f or evi. Also for
fvecrri or eveiffi, as 1 126. 58 c.
tvi : dat. of efs, one.
eviavT<5s: year. (Possibly anniversary,
m eis iviavrbv.) Cf. eras.
cv-iavw : sleep in, dwell in.
v-iT]p.i, fut. ev-fiffo/jLfv, aor. evei^Ke, ev-f)-
Ko.it.ev: put in; (put in the water),
launch, put to sea.
FIIIST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
35
'Eviirvs,-77os: a river of Phthiotis. X238.
4viiHj : rebuke.
vi-ir\Ti<r6iiv<u : aor. pass, of ipwiirXriiu,
fill, satisfy.
4vurirs aor. imv., tvio-irT|<rw, vi\|/w fut. :
of tvtwu, say, tell.
tweet : indeclinable numeral, nine.
iwf&-in\\vs, -v : adj. of nine cubits.
cwc-op-yvios : adj. of nine fathoms.
lvvfir : see tvtiru, say, eW.
<vvc'-u>pos : o/ nine years, nine years,
nine years old. (vew is pronounced
as one syllable, by 'synizesis.')
t w-f||iap : adv. for nine days.
vvoo-i--ycuos : earth-shaker. Epithet of
Poseidon, in the belief that the earth
rested on the water, and that earth-
quakes were caused by the movement
of the sea. Cf. Milton's ' earth-
shaking Neptune,' Comus 869.
vvup.i, aor. lercro, JWaro, inf. foaffOai,
perf . pass. firm, (ptvwiu, /reer-, V e S t i s) :
cluthe, put on; mid. put on (my) self.
cv-vv\tos 3 : adj. at night, in the night.
VOTTT| (tvtiru): voice.
fv-opvvfii, aor. tv&pro -. arouse among,
mid. arise among.
4vo<r-x0v, -OTOJ : earth-shaker. See
tvvoaiyaios.
v-<rTda>, perf. pass. htyraKTiu : instill
in, pass, rest in.
?vTa pi. : arms, utensils, dishes.
v-Ti0TjfJii, impf. ^Ti0f/ie<r0a, fut. ivB^ffw,
aor. ind. tvffero, inf. tvQtuevai : place
in, put in.
SSVTO : aor. of fy/i'i send.
vro-6ev, IvnSs, VTOor-et(v) : adv. and
prep, with gen., within.
v-Tp-iro(iai : (turn to), regard, pity.
tvTvvw, aor. subjv. fvriveai, partic. IVTV-
va.ft.fvTi : make ready, prepare, array.
vwiria pi. : side walls of the portal from
street to auXi), facing each other.
cvwpro : arose among. See fv6pwfu.
4{ : see ^/c, out of, from.
| (sex): numeral, six.
^-a-yopcvw : speak out, tell.
s^-d-yw : lead forth from.
eld-exes : adv. for six years.
-aipTos : selected, chosen.
-aipii), aor. ^c\oi>, H-fl\cro : take out,
take from, select.
|-aurio$ (aura): unfitting, evil.
e|-airos : goodly, excellent.
^-aKOjiai, aor. opt. ta.KtffaiTo (&KOS):
(heal), appease.
cg-oXaow, aor. ta\a.u<re: blind.
|-aXaird^b>, aor. ^aXd7ra|av: sack, clear
out, empty, depopulate.
-ava-Svofiai, aor. partic. ifavaSfa :
emerge from, rise out of.
-airaTa, aor. IfttrdTrfffen : deceive.
&jairvT)s [tal<pi>r]s~]: adv. suddenly.
^-airo-paivw, aor. ^air^rjffav : come
out of, disembark.
|-airo-8vvw : put off, doff.
e|-dpvv|iai, aor. f^paro : gain.
|-apird5, aor. partic. ^|apirda<ra :
snatch, seize away.
4|-dp\ : begin. Const, with genitive.
|-avris: adv. again, a second time.
C^CITJS : adv. in order, in a row.
t-tiXtTo : aor. of Qaiptu, take from.
!-ti|u: am out of.
eg-Ei|u, imv. e^ire: go forth.
^-cipo|iai : ask of, inquire.
i-eKt\\>vTQ : plpf. of ticxtv, pour out.
g-\d<o, fut. inf. H-eXdav, aor. li}Xcurc :
drive out.
|-\0|ivai [tf\6fiv] : aor. inf. of e tp-
xopat, go forth.
cg-eXicco : draw out, drag forth.
|-Xov [^etXov] : see i^aip^di.
|-'p.vai [i^eivai] : aor. inf. of i(li](u,
send forth.
i%-t\Lt<, aor. opt. ifcufocte: vomit forth.
|-vopC5w, aor. partic. t!;ci>apli;at : (de-
.N'/<'<i7), slay, kill.
t|-*TrtpT]<rv : aor. of ^Kirepdu.
^-irrvcrv : aor. of ^/CITTI/W, spit out.
36
VOCABULARY TO THE
vw : question, ask of, explore.
|-ep'<> : will speak plainly, fut. of t&iirov.
eg-eplco -. search out, explore, inquire
about, question, ask.
-cpvci>, aor. i%tpv<re : draw out.
6^-epxojiai, aor. inf. tc\6pfi>ai: go forth.
efj-tcrducre : aor. of
|-tcroruTO : aor. of
-Ta|iov : aor. of tKTdfj.v<a.
|-TXiov : impf. of
-e4>adv9t] : aor. of
-'4>6iTo : ivas exhausted. See tK<t>6lvu.
t|-fj|iap : adv. for six days.
e-i]poi.f36s (dpeifiu) : adj. for a change.
ft/j.ara e^-rj/Moifid, changes of raiment.
-TJpo,To : aor. of H-dpvvpau, gain.
tiis : in order. See e'ijj.
|-Ci]|ii, aor. inf. llpe?at : send forth,
suffer to go forth.
eg-iKvcojiai, aor. Cicero : arrive at, come
to, reach.
|-<rx (x w ) : hold out.
t-iT : imv. of 2 /xt, go forth.
e-ovo}ia(v<i>, S.or.^ovo/j.r]vai(6vofjLa): utter
the name, name, speak of.
-ovo[Aa-K\T|-8T]v : adv. byname.
t|-oiri(rci) : adv. hereafter.
(g-opfidu, aor. H-opp-fiffSura : rush forth,
sail out.
Igoxa, |o\ov : adv. chiefly, above, apart
from the rest.
-X (*X W ) : pre-eminent, chief.
i* (^): adv. out, without.
to [ov]: geu. of 3 pers. pron. him.
toi [of]: dat. of 3 pers. pron. him.
KOIKO., 3 du. isiKTOv [iolKarov], partic.
eotK(is, eucvTa, plpf- t<?KCi, du. HKTIJV,
pass. ijiKTo (ftK-) : perf. as pres. am
like, resemble; impers. it is fitting,
suitable.
loXira : h'ipe, think, perf. of e \-n-w.
tovra : partic. of et>/, am.
cos, i-fj, tov, gen. olo, ijs (ov): poss. pron.
own, his, her.
fir': firi. 58 c. 5.
?ira8ov : aor. of wdcr^w, suffer.
ir-aivw, impf. iingveov: give assent.
lir-aivos 3 : dread, terrible.
lir-ai<ro-w, aor. lir^a. : rush upon.
ir-a.Kovo> : hear, give ear to.
Eir-a\ao|iai, aor. pass. tira\r)t)fi j : ii-n.n-
der, wander to.
cir-aXao'Tt'w, aor. iwa.\a.ffT-f)ffo.aa. : aor.
partic. in a burst of rage.
ir-a|x<io|iai, aor. tirapriffaTo : heap to-
gether, heap up.
tir-a|ioif3aSis : adv. responsively.
TT-airiXt'<o, aor. tin)irfi\T)ffe : threaten
iujninst, utter against.
ir-dpoupos (Apovpa) : adj. on the field,
'field-hand,' peasant.
tir-apr^s, -& : equipped, ready.
tir-aprvw : make ready, fasten.
6Tr-dpx.o|iai, aor. 4irapdfjLevos : begin the
rites, tirapt-dfjitvos SfTrdfffffiv, "after
fit initial cups."
os : helper, defender.
: aor. of fl-arlo/uu, partake.
ira : acc. pi. of eiros, loord.
ir'8Tio- : aor. of ireddta, fetter.
ir^<r<ri(v) dat. pi., ir dat. sing.: of
67TOS, word,
iirtl : temporal and causal conj. when,
since, for. tirel irpurov, as soon as.
iirfl generally stands at the head of
its clause,
cir-ct-yw: urge, hasten; mid. partic. in
haste, eager, with accusative.
4iTl 8^ : since once, since, when.
irl TJ : since in truth. Always causal.
ir-ci|xi, impf. tire<rav, fut. iir4ffffera.L
(dfj.1) : am upon, am at hand.
Tr-i(iu, 3 sing, eireiffiv, impf. tw/n<ra.i>
(el/u) : come to, approach.
'Eircios : Epeus, the builder of the
wooden horse. 6 493, X 523.
Iir-iTa: adv. then, after that, next,
hereafter, in this case. Freq. in
apodosis, giving it independence and
prominence.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
37
4ir-K\u<ravTO : aor. of
7T\ao-<rv : aor. of
ir-v-^jvo0v : 3 sing, of an old perf., as
pres., grows thereon, glistens on.
i'lreo : imv. of ^Tro/tcu, follow.
CIT-COIKC: impers. it is fitting.
ir-eirXs : aor. of ^irnrXc&w, sail upon.
tir-cpciSw, aor. eirfpeiffe: thrust upon,
exert.
ir'pii<ra : aor. of wepdu, traverse.
irtp<rtv : aor. of irfp6u, sack.
ir-tpvo>, aor. fwfpvffffe : draw to.
ir-'px<>|ieu, f ut. eirf\fVfffff8ai, aor. firrj\6e t
firr)\v6e(v), partic. fire\0uv, perf. fire-
\ifl\vOa : come to, come upon, come, go.
cir-<rav : iinpf. of tireifju, am there.
t-jro--|3oXiT) : word-throwing, chattering.
1T<T : aor. Of irilTTU, fall.
cir-c'o-jrcv : aor. of fQfiru, meet.
ir-t'<ro-Tai : fut. of fireifu, am at hand.
ir<r<rcvovTO : impf . of firifffvofnai, hasten.
irCTo-i(v) : dat. pi. of eirot, word.
ir-tr<rv(i9a : aor. of ewurewfjiai, rush
upon, hasten to.
ir-TiXaro : aor. of firirfXXu, enjoin.
!ir-TT)<ru>s : adj. all the year through.
ir-vxo(iai, aor. tireva.ffOa.i. : pray to,
pray.
6ir4>vv, subjv. irf<pvy (06ws) : aor. slew.
tirc^paSov : aor. of <t>pdfa, show.
V-e<f>pd(raTO, <ir<t>pd(T0T]s : aor. of tiri-
<t>pdfo/jiai, consider, devise.
fir-t\tvt : aor. of iwixfa, pour on.
ir'\paov : aor. beset.
ir-TJpo\os : adj. possessed of, owner.
ir-ii-yKv(Ss pi. : binders, of a boat,
which stretched across from one
braced rib to another, and together
formed a continuous gunwale.
&ir-T]Tav6s : adj. for all time, in abun-
dance. tirriTa.v6v, neut. abundance.
-rr-f|i|a : aor. of tirataaa, rush upon.
ir-i|i<rav : impf. of tiretfu, come on.
ir-fjX8, irr|Xv0 : aor. of
iirf\v : for tirei &v.
tir-rfveov : impf. of tvaivtu, assent.
ir-TjirXTj<r : see tircureiXtu.
cir-T|paTos (epa/xat): lovely, charming.
ir-T|pTjjios : adj. at the oar, equipped
with oars.
ir-iipt<j>T|s, -ft : overhanging, beetling.
iir-4\f>Tvt : impf. of tiraprvu.
?iri: (1) for tweffri, is upon, is over, in
at hand; (2) adverbial, upon, distin-
guished by its accent from the prep-
ositional use ; (3) by ' anastrophe '
for <Vt, when it immediately follows
the word with which it is construed.
58c.
lirC : adv. and prep, upon, on, to, over,
at, against, after, in addition, besides.
Const, with dat., ace., and genitive.
M Zo-irepos 1)\0e, evening came on ;
tirl noiKpbv, to a long distance, loudly ;
eV TjfMTi, on a single day /3 284, duily
H 185; ZfrffOai fir' fper/j.d, to seat (my)-
self at the oars; firl rfi<rt, in addition
to these; iir effx.dpri, on the hearth;
firi <f>drvg, at the crib; tiri ffx^Sitj^, on
a raft; v-tivov eiri ^vpii)?, toward the
island Psyria.
iri-avSdvo>, impf. firi^vdavt : please.
em-paiva>, 1 aor. subjv. irif3-/iffeTe, aor.
mid. twep-fiffero, 2 aor. eW/Srj/uec, subjv.
^TTt/Se/Ojuec, opt. firifiairi, inf. firifi^fj.vai,
firiftiivai, partic. firipds : go upon, set
foot upon, tread, mount, embark.
t-iri-pdXXw : (cast upon), lay on.
iri-pTJ-Tp, -opos : mounter.
eiri-podtu, fut. firi{iw<ro/jLai [fTTiftodffo/jMt] :
cry nut to, call upon.
iri-p<>vK6Xos : neatherd, herdsman.
<7ri-Sc'Spop.v : perf. as pres. of tiri
s, -ft : adj. lacking, in want.
: adj. in the country, at home.
ciri-Sivc'w, aor. firi8lv?iffas, pass, as mid.
firtSlvijOffre : circle, swing about.
iri-iKT|s, -ft : fitting, suitable.
tri-iKTos : endurable.
38
VOCABULARY TO THE
, perf.partic. tiriei^vov: clothe,
mid. am clad in.
ri-la.$i\<*s : adv. violently, furiously.
ri-OeiT) : aor. of IviTldnuu, place upon.
3 : headlong.
: wife of Laius and mother
of Oedipus. After the latter had
killed his father in ignorance, and
had solved the riddle presented by
the Sphinx to Thebes, he received
his own mother's hand in marriage.
When she learned the truth she
hanged herself. (Her name in trag-
edy is locasta.)
<iri-Ki(iai : lie against, i.e. am closed,
of a door.
ciri-K&Xw, aor. In-ucAo-ai : run aground,
beach, come to shire.
TTl-KVI0W, fUt. tTTlKfVffU I hide.
iu-Kipvii|u, aor. inf. limcpqo-at : mix,
sc. with water.
iri-K\eiw (/cX6>s): praise, applaud.
&ir-K\ii<ris : in ace. of specification
(originally cognate ace.), bj name.
4ir-K\oiros : deceiver, cheat.
iiri-K\v : give ear to, listen to.
ciri-KXwOu, aor. twtK\w(rav, ^TrocXweracro:
spin to, allot, appoint.
n.-K6irr , fut. eiriKfyuv: strike.
4iri-Kpa.Tw : hold sway over, rule.
4iri-Kpfj<rai : aor. of tiriKlpmjfu, mix.
tir-iKpiov : sail-yard.
ciu-Xav6d.v(d, fuWTrtX^ercu: Taid.forget.
iri-Xu|3a) : pour a libation over.
tirt-Xii0os : causing forgetf ulness.
iri-XT|9o|iai : am forgetful, forget.
<iri-X^K6(i> : respond thereto, i.e. mark
with feet or hands the tempo of the
dancers. 6 379.
iri-Xputt : mock, jeer.
6iri-p.aio(jtai, aor. ^n^aaadtuevo^: lay hand
on, make for, strive for.
cm-|idpTvpo$ : witness thereto.
lin-\i.iv<a, aor. imv. lirintivov: wait, tarry.
; contrive, meditate.
iri-jxi(Avf|crKop.ai, aor. opt.
aor. pass, as mid. tiri/junja-deis : think
of, remember, aor. call to mind.
lm-|iC : adv. pell-mell, impartially.
iri-(jiio-yo(iai : mingle with, come to.
iri-64/0(iai : select, fut. of e<popdw.
iri-Trei0ofiai : render obedience (thereto),
am persuaded.
iiri-ircXopai, aor. partic. tirnr\6/jLevov.
come on. Cf. 7repnreXo/u.eu.
iri-iriXva|iai : come nigh, approach.
in-irXa,o|i,ai, aor. 4iwr\ayx6eis: wander
over.
tin-irXcw : sail over.
iri-irX6(ivov : see ^irtTrAo/uat.
TTi-irX<iw, aor. eTr^TrXws ( 56): sail over.
em-irveta and eiriirv^w, pres. subjv. tiri-
irveiriffiv, aor. subjv. tiwrvev<r<i><riv :
breathe upon, blow upon, blow.
m-iroii,TJv, -tvos : shepherd, shepherdess.
iri-pptirrw, aor. t-rreppiif/av : hurl upon,
cast against.
iri-<rtvo>, aor. subjv. tirurffetiTi, aor. mid.
Iwtffffvro, tirt<Tff<unevos : send against,
set upon; mid. rush upon, hasten
to.
ir-o-Koiros (bishop): overseer, watcher.
eiri-o-Kv^onai, aor. opt. 6rrKiWan-o :
am darkened, am angry.
liri-o-fivyepws : adv. pitifully, miserably.
iri-<ririv : aor. of ^06rw, meet.
iri-rirpxw : drive upon.
iri-<r(TVT) : see tirurevb}.
^iri-o-ra-Sov (iffTi^fju): adv. coming up.
eirUrranai, opt. eirlffrairo, partic. firiffrd-
/xevos : know, understand, am skilled ,
partic. skilled.
emo-TafUvws : adv. skilfully, with under-
standing.
^iri-o-T(J>^|s, Ws : crowned with, full of.
4iri-o-T&J>w, aor. tireffTtyavro : croum,
'fill high the bowl,' fill to the brim.
tir-Co-Tiov : dock, a sort of dry dock.
ir-TTpo<j>os : adj. attentive to, thought-
ful of. a 177.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYJSM-.'i.
iri-Te'XAto, aor. ^TrereiXoro: enjoin,direct,
Kpp tint to, ordain.
iiri-Tt0T||u, fut. fwiOriffOfixv, aor. tir^OriKe,
inf. tiriffeivai, partic. ividflya. : place
upon, put. to, hence close (a door).
tiri-TifxVj-Tup, -opos: defender, avenger.
c-rri-ToXjidw : endure.
eiri-Tovos : back-stay of a ship. Cf.
Trpirovos.
iri-Tp*'irw, aor. opt. firirp^eiev, aor. mid.
lireTpdirero : commit to, entrust to,
urge upon.
iin-Tfx\u, perf . as pres. tjridtdpofjie : run
over.
tiri-<f>0ov : grudge to, refuse.
Tri-4>pa.o|Aai., aor. lirf<t>pa.<raro, eVe0pd-
ffOys: devise, consider, notice.
iri-4>poo-vvT) : prudence, thoughtfulness.
liri-<J>pci>v, -ov : prudent, wise.
tiri-xt'w, aor. tvtx eve j ^exe^aro ( 51 g):
p >ur on, heap over, heap upon.
&iri-x9ovios : upon the earth, earthly.
tm-xpdo), aor. iw^xpo-ov: beset.
iri-\j/avi(o : touch. 6\iyov tiriifsatri, has
a little grasp.
4ir-iwya' pi. : roadsteads.
ir\To: (he)is. Aor.of irAw.moce, become.
tiroCaro : opt. pi. of ITTO/XOI, follow.
ir-oixo(iai : go t'>. attack, epyov tirol-
Xr0a.i, be busy with work ; l<rrbv twoi-
xon^rq, going to and fro before the
loom, plying the loom.
iro|j.ai : follow. See ?*.
ir-oirio|iai : regard.
cir-oirToLto, impf. tiru-n-Twv: roast there-
upon.
ir-6pvv(ii, aor. twwp<rf : arouse upon.
?iros, -eos, dat. pi. fireff(ff)i(v) or iirt-
e<r<Ti(v) (/r^iros) : word, tale, speech,
song. ' The words (pyov, SB-OS, /xO^oj,
with pronouns, are used nearly as
the neuter of the same pronoun.'
ir-oTpvvci>, aor. imv. iirbrpvvov, partic.
tiroTp6vds, mid. subjv.
rouse, urge on, impel.
TT-ox|/6fKvov : fut. of {(pop&u, look upon.
irpa6o v : aor. of irtpftu, sack.
eirpiio-tv : aor. of irp^ffu}, puff out, fill.
rirra. : indeclkiable, seven.
tirrd-tTts : adv. for seven years.
iirra-iruXos (irv\r)): seven-gated.
irrra.ro : aor. of Tr^rofjMi, fly.
irTTj|av : aor. of TTT^O-W, crouch, cower.
?irw, mid. opt. eiroiaro, imv. ?ireo, impf.
eiVero, twovro, fut. tyonai, aor. tffirero,
iuf. ffTrtffBat (ffeir-, sequor): am busy
with, approach; mid. follow.
iir-(Gvv|ios : adj. as given name.
lir-ciirrwv : impf. of tiro-nrdu.
ir-wp<r : aor. of tw6pvvfju.
lir-<u'xTo : impf. of 4iroix<>fMi..
cpafiai, aor. rip6.aaa.ro (epws) : love, am
enamoured ; aor. became enamoured.
tpawos 3 : lovely,
cpavos: club-feast, an informal meal,
where the guests bring their own
provisions ; a sort of picnic.
cpareivos 3 : lovely, charming.
p-ydo|Aai, impf. elpydfero: work.
Zp-yov (ftpyov): work, labor, act, deed,
thing, task, epya dvdpwv, labors of
men, tilledjields, tilth, farm. Cf. the
English 'works' for 'factory' or
'place of work.' See eiros.
tp-yco : see ttpyu, shut in.
IpSo), fut. ep^w, inf. tp&i/t>, aor. *pe,
imv. tp&v, inf. splat, plpf. as impf.
(fepS-, ffpy-) : do, work. tpSeiv
j, offer Tiecatoittbs. Some-
times with both cognate ace. and
direct object. Cf. pVfw.
ppos, gen. ^/Seus (Erebus): darkness,
the realm of darkness.
pivio (tptw): question, ask, inquire.
: excite, irritate.
8<o : excite, irritate, distress.
, aor. inf. ^pettrai, plpf. tp-riptSaro,
aor. pass. tpetffOds : rest, lean, press.
'Ep*p.|Jopl. : Erembi, a mythical people
of Asia. 5 84.
40
VOCABULARY TO THE
(pe/3os) 3 : dark, gloomy.
tpta : aor. of pVfw, do. 46 c.
tpt-n-TOficu : pluck, munch, eat.
epe'o-Bai : aor. of efpo/ucu, ask.
epe'crcrio : TOW.
pTTjs : oarsman, rower.
: a Thaeacian. 112.
(remus, row, rudder): oar.
cpcv-yo|iai : &eZc/t, vomit, break forth.
'EpcxOcvs, -7?os: Erechthens. An old
hero of Athens, under whose rule
(ace. to Hdt. viii. 44) the people were
first called Athenians.
cpc'xOw: tear, rend.
iplta [epw] : fut. of etpia.
p&i>, opt. epfoi/j-i, mid. epeeffdai, impf.
epeovro : ask, question. Cf. epeeivu.
^M s ] 3 J deserted, desolate.
: leaned, plpf. of epelSw.
vw : restrain, check, hold.
pi- : strengthening prefix. C/. apt-.
epi-(3to\os : large-clodded, rich-soiled.
p--y8oxnros and epCSouiros : loud-sound-
ing, heavy-thundering, re-echoing.
cpiSaivco, inf. epidaive/j-ev ( 47 gr) (epis):
contend.
pt&>, iterative impf. epifrffKov, fut. ^p/<r-
o-ercu : contend, vie.
pi-T]pos, pi. epli)pes : faithful, trusty.
epi-KvS^js, -& (xOSoj): glorious.
piveos: wild fig-tree.
epivvs, -tfos, ace. pi. ^pi^Os : Erlnys, Fury,
who in the Homeric time watched
over family relations with special care.
tpiov (elpos): wool.
cpi-ovvT|s: very helpful. Epithet of
Hermes, almost as a proper name.
ipis, -tSos : strife, contention, rivalry.
pi-o-6v^s, -ft : very strong, mighty.
pt<r(TTeu : fut. of epifw, vie.
pt-o-Ta.4>uX.os : adj. of great clusters.
pic})os : /.'''/.
'Epi4>vX.T] : Eriphyle. She was bribed
to induce her husband, Amphiaraus,
to join the expedition against Thebes.
S, -eos : wall, enclosure, ?PKOS 656i>-
TUV, wall of teeth, i.e. wall formed
by teeth.
'Ep(iias and 'Epfiijs ('Ep/Mjs, 'Ep/j.rjv only
e 54, 0334), gen. 'Epiulao: Hermes,
Mercurius, son of Zeus and Maia,
messenger of the gods, a 38, e 28,
K 277. (Iris is the usual messenger
of the gods in the Iliad.) Hermes
was, like Milton's Raphael, a 'socia-
ble spirit,' an 'affable archangel. 1
'EpiiiovT): Hermi&ne, daughter of Helen
and Menelaus. S 14.
cpfxis, -tvos : bed-post.
pvos, -eos : sapling, young tree.
ptt : fut. of ep5w, do.
cpoiro : aor. opt. of etpofi.au, ask.
2pos [epws] : love, desire.
lpirT<5v (gpTrw): moving thing.
ipirv^w and I'ptrw, impf. erpiroi'(serpo):
creep.
tppitt>T<u : perf. pass, of pifru, root,
plant.
cppu : go, wander. Imv. go ! begone !
off with you! Freq. in vexation,
with an idea of going to the bad.
?P<TTJ : new-born lamb, i 222.
cpuOpos (ruber): ruddy, red. (For its
use as an epithet of nectar, cf. Mil-
ton's 'rubied nectar,' Par. Lost v. (333.)
IpvKavdti), ipvKavb), and cpvKco, 3 pi. epv-
Kav6wai ( 50 c), fut. ep$fet, aor. ^po/ca/ce,
inf. (pvKa.K&iv: check, detain, hold, keep.
cpvjiai and el'pv|iai (eppvpai) : shield, pro-
tect, defend. Cf. pifo/ucu.
'Epv)xav9os: a lofty range of moun-
tains on the frontiers of Arcadia,
Achaia, and Elis. The principal
summit is more than 7000 feet above
the sea.
pvci>, aor. e(pvff((r)e, fpv<r<rav, subjv. tpv<r-
(ro/j.fv, mid. dpvffa.fj.-riv, fpvffavro, partic.
tpvffffa.iJ.evo'>, perf. pi. eipvoiTou (pep-):
draw, draw off, draw up.
pxiTai : perf. pass, of eepyw, shut in.
FIRST TWELVE BUOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
41
fut.
inf. i\0tnc(ai), subjv. X00<n ( 47 a),
i\6civ, perf. eiX^Xou^as, fl\-fi\ov0fj,ev :
come, go. The direction of the motion
is made distinct by the connexion.
pwe<o : depart from, withdraw.
tp<i(j.e0a : aor. subjv. of fipo/j.ai, ask.
4s : adv. and prep. into. See e/s.
I<rav [i}(rai]: impf. of ei/j.1.
: adv. face to face.
: seating, aor. partic. of ?fo/u.
Ko-ao-Ocu : aor. inf. of tvvvm, clothe.
eVd(D0V [I<rci0i}<rai'], to-daxrc [e<r&xre] :
aor. of <ra6w, save.
r0Ti : aor. of y^wv/ju, fail.
6o--t'8paKv : aor. of fl<r5tpxo/j.ai.
ea--tpx.oy.ai, ca-cXevo-opai : see e t'<repx. ucu -
<r0T|s, -IJTOS (/:r-, vestis) : clothing,
raiment.
<o-0(itvai [I<r0fc(i'] : inf.
<pdyes, inf. <paytij*v : eat, devour, con-
sume. Cf. (ffffu.
4<r0X6s 3 : noble, excellent, good.
o-0w, inf. effOtfuevai, ZffOeiv: eat. Cf.
e5w, tffOiu.
<TK(V) [1jv]: iterative impf. of tlpl.
tcr-opwvri : partic. of tiffopdut.
co-ircpios : adj. at evening ( 59 a) ; of the
evening, i.e. of the west.
?<rirpos (fe<"r-, vesper): evening.
rirTO : aor. of ITTO/IMU, follow.
ia-a-a. : aor. of twvfu, clothe.
tcro-tai [eff-g], c<r<TTai [Icrrai] : see et'ft/.
(<r<ri [el] : 2 sing. ind. of V*/.
o-<ro [tffOi] : 2 sing. imv. of elpl.
to-a-0(Avoio-iv [tffontvois] : see dpi.
e<ro-v|ivos : eager, perf. of <revw.
: adv. eagerly, quickly.
: were standing, plpf. of to-rij/xt.
to-Tdv [effrriffav] : stood, aor. of for-ripi.
<TTaoTs and eo-TtuTcs [eWwres]: stand-
ing, perf. of forijtu.
la-rov du. , torrwv imv. : of elfj.1, am.
: perf. of <r0dfw, slay.
^(T-<j>6pov : impf. of
?<rx' : for tffKt (see elfjJ.), before an
aspirate.
co'xdp'n, locative as gen. tff\ap6<p(.v :
hearth.
: extremity, extreme end.
: most remote.
o-x0tv : aor. of ?x w i hold.
rw : adv. within. See efo-w.
tratpos, erapos: comrade, companion.
T0atrro : plpf. of Odirru, bury.
: was amazed. See fair-.
: aor. of reX^w, accomplish.
: adv. in truth, really.
Ttos : gen. of CTOJ, year.
Tep-T|(ipos : living every second day, of
Castor and Polydeuces. X 303.
crtpos 3 : ofAer, ^Ae o^er of two, one or
other, one of two.
T'p<o-6cv, Tpw-0i : adv. on the other side.
crcpus : adv. otherwise.
TTjxov : aor. overtook, found.
IrfrvKTo : had come to pass, was, plpf.
of Tei/x 40 -
tTtx' [fTKf~\ : aor. of T/KTW, bring forth.
'ETwvevs, -^os : Eteoneus, an attendant
of Menelaus. 5 22. He was of noble
birth and yet served Menelaus as
Bepdirwv ( 20), just as Patroclus did
Achilles. He had been with Mene-
laus on his wanderings (5 33), and
at Sparta dwelt near him (o 96).
trtis: kinsman, connexion.
4rfJTV|i.os : true, real, to be realized, pos-
sible. Neut. as adv. truly. Cf. irf6v.
?TI : adv. still, yet, again, owe en, no
longer.
trL9ti : impf. of T{%, place. 55 a.
?T\T] : aor. endured. See r\ijvai.
cT<u|iacD, aor.eroiiJ.dffffa.vTo: make ready.
ToI|ios : ready, prepared, true.
tros, -eos (feVos, vet us): year.
erpairov : aor. of rpeVw, turn.
: truth. Cf. ^T^TI/JUOS.
: happened, aor. of
42
VOCABULARY TO THE
W, tv: adv. well, happily, carefully.
27 a. C/. Ws, iji/s.
'Evdv9T)s, -eos : father of Maron. 1 197.
iv-ttvOTis, -<ros : blooming, abundant.
'Ev|Joia: Eub3ea, long island in the
Aegean, near the coast of Attica
and Boeotia.
v-SUXos : conspicuous, easily seen.
<i-8(jLT|Tos (StfjLw): well-built.
, subjv. u5j;<r0a, impf. evdov: sleep,
slumber.
: well-built, well-wrought,
ta, pi. as subst. kindly deeds.
: right-acting, well-doing.
: well-yoked, well-built.
: an Ithacan. /3 242.
tv-^vup, -opos : manly.
fv-^prjs, - : well-fitting, handy.
tv-Opovos : well-throned.
cv-Kcaros : well-split, fissile.
v-KT)Xos : at ease, undisturbed.
v-KVT](ii8s pi. (Kv-fiv-T)} ' well-greaved.
The greave was of leather or inetal
for the protection of the warrior's
shin either from the weapons of the
enemy or the knocks of his own shield.
tw-KTifievos 3 : well-built, well-tilled.
6v-KVK\o$ : well-wheeled.
-ow>s : with good meadows.
: well-disposed.
'Ev|ii]Xos : Eumelus, son of Admetus
and Alcestis. 5 798.
v-|*|itX(i|s = with good ashen spear.
cAvdo|uu : am couched, lie.
cvvdco, aor. evvrjcre, pass. evvr)0'fji>a.i : lay
down, lull to rest, assuage; pass, lie
on the couch.
gen. evvrjs, etivijfa ( 36 a) : bed,
couch anchor-stone, thrown from the
prow.
, -ios : bereft.
: adj. well-spun, well-woven.
w) 3 : well-polished.
v-oos : well-polished.
v-op|xos : adj. with good moorings.
cv-iraTpia : dauyhter of a noble sire.
*Ev-iri6T)s, -coj : an Ithacan. a 383.
v-irTr\os ; well-robed.
<v-irXoKa}iiSes fern. pi. and cv-irXoKafios
(7rXf/cw): fair-tressed.
ev-irXvv^s, -f's : well-washed.
v-iroiT]Tos : well-made.
v-inoXos : with good (many ?) steeds.
evpitTKco, aor. evpov, inf. evp^fvai : find.
Evpos : Eurus, the East wind.
evipos, -eos : breadth.
u-ppa<|>TJs, Ws : well-sewed, well-stitched.
6vpv-aYvia : broad-streeted.
EvpvaXos : a Phaeacian. 6 115.
EvpvSiKT] : Nestor's wife. 7 452.
EvpvicXcia : nurse of Odysseus, a 429,
/3 347, 5 742.
EvpvXoxos : companion and connexion
of Odysseus. K 205, X 23, n 195.
Eupvifiaxos : treacherous leader of Pe-
nelope's suitors, a 399, /3 177, 5 628.
Evpv|iSov(ra : Xausicaa's nurse, y 8.
EvpvjjieScov, -ovros : a giant. ?j 58.
tvpv-(ATwiros : with broad forehead.
Evpu|xCSr]s : patronymic of Telemus.
509.
Evpvvofios : a suitor of Penelope. 022.
evpvvo), aor. fvpvvav (evpvs): broaden.
cvpv-6Scia : feni. adj. with broad ways.
cvpv-oira norn. (6f, vox) : far-sounding,
far-thundering. Epithet of Zeus.
37 b.
tvpv-iropos : with broad ways.
evpu-iruX^s, -^J : with broad gat.es.
EvpvirvXos : son of Telephus. X 520.
eipvis, vpia, cvpv, gen. fern, evpelys,
ace. masc. evpt/c, fvpfa (with K&XTTOV
and vbvTov) : broad, wide, wide-spread,
spacious.
vpv-o-8v^s, -^s : of mighty strength.
Evpvros : a famous archer. 6 224.
6upv-4>vT|s, -te . wide-growing, broad-
eared.
cvpv-xopos : (with broad squares for the
choral dance), spacious.
MUST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
43
tvpui-tis, -ftrtra : mouldy, murky.
4vs, gen. pi. fern, l&uv : adj. good.
v<rv : aor. of f vu, singe.
cv-o-Koiros : clear-sighted. 27 a.
tv-<r<reXjj.os : well-decked.
tv-cTT6'4>avos : with fair diadem.
(\i-arrptiTT03 : icell-twisted.
\>-erTp<(>Vjs, -^s: well-twisted.
CVTC : conj. when. See iji/re.
cu-Tpe4>TJs, -<fs : well-fed, fat.
v-rpoxos : well-wheeled.
eC-TVKTos : well-made.
eu-<j)paiv : cheer, mid. am of good cheer.
u-4>po<rvvT) : good cheer, merriment.
tv\Tao(iai, opt. ei>xeTo<J/j.r,v : pray,
boast, claim. Cf. evxonai.
cix^i : prayer, vow.
vXl xai > aor - cffiTo, subjv. etecu : pray,
boast, claim. eJ/xoMcu tlvai is a freq.
formula in Homer, sometimes mean-
ing hardly more than eifj.1. as a 187,
though originally indicating pride.
v>xos, -eos : boasting, glory, victory.
vxXrfj : prayer, vow.
i5w, aor. evanv : singe. Hogs' bristles
were singed off, not boiled off as in
modern times.
cv-wSrjs, - (odor): sweet-smelling.
cv-oiiris, -t<5os : fair-faced.
tc^a-ye : aor. of t<r6ita, eat.
?4>av [(<f>a<rav]< <f>acrK, <i<j>aTO : see <f>ri(u.
<{>-airT, aor. subjv. ^0<if eat : lay hold
of, with genitive.
4>-e'o(iai : sit upon.
<}>-TlKV, <j>tT) (Opt.): aor. Of f(f)il]fJU..
4>-irw, iterative impf. t<j>tire<TKoi>, aor.
v, subjv. firiffTrr], mid. tiri<nrb-
: follow, meet (fate or death),
traverse, busy (myself) ivith.
4<|)-rTdp.v : see t<f>i<rri]iju.
^4>-<TTios : adj. (on) to the (his) hearth.
<(>-THT| (trim): behest, command.
44>-vpicrKti>, aor. tfavpoi : find.
t<j>-Tj(jiai : sit <it, sit upon.
4>-T|(ipios : adj. on that day. 59 a.
!<f>-T]|Ao<rvvti : command, behest.
<}>-T|<m : fut. of i<f>liuu, put upon.
4>Tjo-6a : impf. of <t>-Q/j.i, say.
: aor. of <f>6a.vu, anticipate.
: son of Iphimedia. X 308.
<j>-i|; (I5oj): sit upon.
4>-iT](ii, fut. f<f>^fffi, aor.t<j>7JK(v,t<j>tiiKei>:
send upon, put upon, enjoin upon.
44>-o - rri|ii, perf. inf. l<f><rninev (47(?):
station at; perf. stand at.
<J>O(TO>V : impf. of Qoirdw.
<J>-oirX(ci>, fut. l<[>oir\i<rffov<nv, aor. opt.
e007r\i'<r<7as, inf. t<t>oir\t<rai : make
ready, prepare.
4>-opaa>, fut. e 7ri6i/'0 / ua(. ^tro\^6^fvov :
look upon, visit; select.
<t>6pei : impf. of <popeu, bear.
<{>-op|xd(i>, aor. erfiop^ricra^. pass, as mid.
{(f>opnr)6rjv : urge upon ; mid. rush
upon, am eager.
(j>-vnrp-6e(v): adv. above, over.
'E4>vpTj : Ephyra, an inland town of
Elis. a 259, /3 328.
Xav : aor. of x^, pour.
: mistress of her desires.
: an old Phaeacian. 17 165.
: iterative impf. of e^w.
?Xvav : aor. of x^ w > pour.
'EX^PUV, -oxos : son of Xestor. y 413.
x'-t>pwv, -ovoj : discreet, prudent.
, aor. rf^Qtipe : hate.
: am hated.
s, -os = enmity, wrath.
os : hateful.
?x, subjv. ex7? ff "'i ^ n ^- ^X^t JLfV i *X l1 ''
impf. eixov, x"i iterative exricov,
fut. lfe, ffx-f}ffeu, aor. eo'xoi', ff\i6ov,
imv. crxe^To;, mid. imv. <rxeV0 (<rex-) :
have, have to wife, check, hold, inhabit,
guide, manage, keep, protect; mid.
cling. The aor. mid. is used not only
by Homer but even by Plato as pas-
sive. <?AC TOW xrrot, on him depends.
ita [w] : subjv. of flpl, am.
eu> : dat. of eos. oum, his.
44
VOCABULARY TO THE
U>KIV : see eoiica, resemble.
wv [wfj: partic. of fl/j.1, am.
cwp-yciv : plpf. of p5w, dj, with cognate
ace. and direct object.
?s: conj. j<nW. See efos.
): fiercely blowing.
ZaxuvOos : Zacynthus, modern Zante.
A short open final syllable retains its
quantity before this word. 62 g.
a-Tp<J>TJs, -<fs: well-fed.
cia( pi. : grain, spelt.
ci-S<i>pos : grain-giving, fruitful.
JCVYVWJXI, aor. fev^ev : yoke.
Zcvs, gen. Zr;f6;, Aios, dat. ZijW, Au,
voc. ZeO: Zeus, Jupiter, son of
Cronus (Kpovluv), and both husband
and brother of Hera. The wisest
and mightiest of the gods, father of
both men and gods. He controls the
elements, sending lightning (repiriK^-
pawos, tyippe(j.tTi)s) and gathering the
clouds (ve^eXiryepi-Ta).
t6(J>upui : a fern. adj. as subst. equiv. to
Ztyvpos. For the metrical ' quantity '
of the first syllable, see 62 h.
Z6J>upos (zephyr): Zephyrus, the West
wind. 5 567, M 289. In general this
wind in Homer had a reputation for
fierceness, only surpassed by that of
Boreas.
', aor. &(r<rev: seethe, boil.
ZfjOos : Amphion's brother. X 262.
t]XVj}i.<i>v, -ovos : jealous.
ZT)VOS : gen. of Zefo.
64>os : gloom, darkness ; evening.
vy<Sv (jugum): yoke, thwart; possibly
fore or aft deck of the Homeric
ship.
<i>-d-ypia pi. : life-forfeits, the reward
for saving a life.
%<avr\ (zone): woman's girdle, waist.
|>6s 3 : alive, living.
b>o-Tpa pi. : tunics, undergarments for
men.
<o, inf. ^wifjifvat, $(3)tiV, partic. fwovros:
live.
H.
t] or TJ : particle, (1) disjunctive, either,
or; (2) interrogative, M>Ae</ier; (3) com-
parative, than. In a double question
}) (ty) . . . ti (tie) is used for Attic
w6repov . . . rf.
q : fern, of dem. or rel. pronoun.
TJ : truly, surely, indeed. This some-
times introduces a direct question,
but always expresses feeling, and
never is a mere interrogation point
as it is in Attic.
tl : impf. of r)/j.l, say.
fj : dat. of rel. or of poss. pronoun.
TJa (erarn): impf. of V, am.
pa pi. : provisions, chaff. See ijia.
T|pai6v : adv. a little, little, otid' ^ai6v,
not in the least.
T)pdw, partic. rjpwua-a, aor. subjv. ^/S^crfl :
am youthful, vigorous; aor. came to
manhood.
"Hpt] : Hebe, daughter of Zeus and
Hera, cup-bearer of the gods. X 603.
^p-q : youth, youthful vigor.
T|-y<ia.<r9 : impf. of dydopai.
tj-y a V : aor - f *7 w t lead.
3 : very sacred, holy.
8>or. of djfipu, collect.
f)-y|iovvw, fut. r)ye/j.ovfijff(i} : am leader,
lead.
f|<yc(iwv, -ivos : leader, chief.
T)-y0[ji.ai, aor. rjy^ffaro, opt. 17
(&yu): lead, guide.
: collect, gather.
[rjytpOriffav] : see dyeipw.
Tj-yT]Xa : lead, endure.
fi'y^Twp, -opos : leader, ruler.
Ti-yvoiticrtv : aor. of dyvoifdj.
T)St : and. Freq. correl. with ^
gSta, rfSti : plpf. of perf. oI5a, know.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
45
ffii\ : temporal adv. now, already, be-
fore now. vv r/8r), now, at once.
fiSto-ros ; most sweet. Sup. of i]8vs.
TJSoficu, aor. TJO-O.TO : am pleased.
T)8v-iroTos : sweet-t>-drink, sweet.
f)8vs, T]8ia, T)Sv, gen. rjStos (dvddvu) :
sweet, pleasing. (Not saccharine.)
T|, TJ ; see 17.
T|ti8t) [ydy]: knew. See oTSa.
fyiSe : impf . of detSw, sing.
fjeiv : impf. of e7/, go.
'HeXios, gen. 'HeXi'oio ['HXtoi;, 38 a] :
Helius, sun-god.
f|\ios [^Xios]: sun.
qcv [^c]: impf. of >/, am.
T|pa, T|pi : see ai)p, mis.
Topics : adj. early in the morning.
T|po-i8-r|s, -<;s : hazy, misty.
qepo-eis, -fffffa : murky, gloomy.
TJia pi. : provisions, chaff. See f/a. -rjiuv,
e 368, is disyllabic, by 'synizesis.'
tjia [170], i]i [yet]: impf. of elfu.
T|t9eos : unmarried young man, youth.
IJIKTO : was like. See eouca. 52 c.
Tjiv : aor. of aiffffta, dart.
f]irKv : impf. of eivKw, make like.
TJIWV, -bvos : pi. seashore, strand.
T|Ka : aor. of trim, send.
T|\dKara pi. : wool, yarn.
T|\aKa,TT) : spindle, distaff.
T]\ao- : aor. of tXativw, drive.
T)Xao-Ko.^w : skulk from, flee.
T|Xa.TO : impf. of dXdo/xat, wander.
qXtKrpos : silver-gold, d 73. (But rt>
!j\fKTpov, amber, would furnish the
same form of the genitive, and may
have been meant.)
T|X6s : foolish, mad.
T)Xif3aTos : towering, steep. (But of un-
certain derivation and meaning.)
t^XiOa : adv. in abundance. -n\t6a TTO\\JI,
in great abundance.
"HXtos: Helius. See 'HAtos.
'HXis, -i5o$ : Elis, the western country
of Peloponnesus. 5 635.
aor. of eXutw, assail.
^e] : aor. of (pxofuii.
f\\v%a. : aor. of dXi/<r/cw, avoid.
'HXiio-iov ircSiov : the Elysian plain,
a blessed abode near the western
Oceanus for the relatives of Zeus
who are translated thither instead
of being sent to Hades. 5 563. It is
the original of the ' Island valley of
Avilion | Where falls not hail or
rain or any snow, | Nor ever wind
blows loudly,' to which Arthur goes,
Tennyson's Morte d' Arthur.
f|X(o|XT)v : impf. of dXdo/xat, wander.
T||ia96-cis, -fffffa : sandy.
q|xai, pi. ei'orot, impf. du. ^ffOijv, pi. etaro :
sit. This verb with a partic. often
marks the continuance of a state,
opposed to the idea of moving.
rjfjiap, -arcs (ij^pa) : day. V(XFT(.\MV fj/Jtap,
day of return, return. 19 e.
T||id.Tu>s 3: adj. by day. 59 a.
TJti|3poTv : see afMtprdvu. 33</.
T)(iis or a(i|is, gen. TJ^UV ( 28), dat.
ri/uv, rjfj.iv, &fj.fj.t(v), ace. rifj.a.s, &(J./J.f :
we, us, pi. of yc6.
: impf. of d/xA7&>, milk.
: particle generally correl. with
^, both . . . and. Cf. tfv . . . 51.
: day.
is, -i5oj : cultivated vine.
T]fiT6pOS (^/US) 3 I OUr. Is rjfJL^TfpOV OT
i)/jLeTep6vdc, sc. S&fjui, to our house.
TJ(iC, impf. TI (ait): say, speak. % nut
is used after a speech that is reported,
where the same subject is continued
for the following verb.
T]|u-6vuos 3 : belonging to mules, mule.
f))xC-ovos fern. : (half-ass), mule.
i]|Uffvs, pi. i)fj.iffefs : half.
TJJXOS: conj. when.
t\v : fern. ace. sing, of the rel. or of the
possessive (f-ftv) pronoun,
rjv : el &v, if, with subjunctive.
TJV61KUV [fiixyKav]: aor. of
46
VOCABULARY TO THE
TJvtp6-cis, -e<raa (Avefjas): windy, wind-
swept.
fjvCa pi. : reins of chariot-horses.
f|vi-oxv (x w ) : hold the reins, drive.
TJVIS : sleek. (Possibly yearling.)
TJVOV : impf. of 6>w, accomplish.
T)vo\|/, -OTTOS : shining, gleaning.
TJvTTJo-aTt : see avrdu, meet, obtain.
rjvto-yca : see av&yta, bid.
T|OI : dat. of ijws, dawn.
tjotos 3 : adj. of the dawn, of the East.
tyltiv (sc. rifj.tpt]i>), aborning.
TJOfiev [j7M e> '] : impf. of ef/u, go.
'Hovs : gen. of 'Htis, Eos, Dawn.
qirap, -aroj (jecur): liver. This was
considered by the ancient Greeks
the seat of the passions, and the use
of the word often agrees with that
of the English heart.
T|irt8av6s: slow.
qircipos : mainland, inland, land, f/irei-
p6vSe, to land.
vs, -T?OS : cheat, deceiver.
: kindly, gentle.
T)iru : hail, call to.
rjpa (ffjpa): pleasure, always obj. of
s, ace. 'Hpa/cX^a : Heracles,
Hercules, son of Zeus and Alc-
mene, husband of Hebe. 224,
X267.
'Hpo.K\T|uos 3 : of Heracles, ply 'Hpa-
K\-rjeirj, the might of Heracles, the
mighty Heracles. X601. 19e.
qpapc : strengthened. See dpaplvicu, fit.
T|pd<r<raTO : aor. of epa.fj.ou. love.
TJparo : aor. of Apw/jMi, gain, secure,
accomplish.
TIP&TO : impf. of dpdo/uot, pray.
EPiv : impf. of alptu, seize.
"Hpi^: Hera, Juno, daughter of Cro-
nus, both wife and sister of Zeus.
In the Trojan War she strongly
favored the Greeks.
Tipfjo-avro : aor. of dpdojueu, pray.
r|pi-'yVia : early-born, child of the
morning. Epithet of 'Hws, Dawn.
: irnpf. of dpdo/uai, pray.
s, gen. 7/ptSos : brave warrior, brave.
(Not yet the modern hero.)
rjo-aro [rfo-flTj] : aor. of y5o/j.ai.
q(Tiv : fut. of tjj/u, hurl.
TJtrBa : impf. of dpi, am.
TJo-0 : impf. of eaOw, eat.
TIO-OTJV : impf. du. of ^at, sit.
fjo-i [i]: subjv. of tint, am.
T]<ri(v) [ah] : dat. fern. pi. of 8s.
T'O-TCU : 3 sing, of yfj-ai, sit.
r\<r\vvf : impf. of alff^vta.
T|T : impf. of atrtu, ask.
f\ TOI : in truth, believe me, now truly.
tjrop neut. : heart, as the seat of joy,
grief, etc., mind.
T|v--ye'vios : well-bearded, bearded.
T)v8a : impf. of avSdw, speak.
T|v-K0|ios : fair-haired.
TJVS, neut. 171), gen. pi. <fdwj> (efl) : valiant,
good ; pi. good things.
TJVT : as, introducing a comparison.
"H<j>aio-Tos : Hephaestus, Vulcan us,
son of Zeus and Hera, god of fire
and of metal-work (done by the aid
of fire). 5 617, f 233, i\ 92, 6 268 ff.
T)4>vcrap.v ; aor. of d(ptiff<rw.
TJx'fj : roar, din.
T\\i\~ tl s> -*&*<> ' resounding.
TJ\0i]p : aor. of ^x^ a ^P u i hate.
\\\. : locative adv. where.
T|\Xvo-t : aor. of dxXt;w, grow dark.
T)o>-0tv, T|w-0i : adv. in the morning.
'Hws, gen.'HoOs: Eos, Dawn, Aurora,
goddess of the morning. Wife of
Tithonus (e 1) and mother of Memnon
(5 188, X522). She is called early-born
(ripiytveia), rosy-fingered (podoSdnTv-
Xos), and golden-throned (xpvffbffpovos).
T|S, gen. ^oCs, dat. ^o?, ace. ijw (better
^60) [?ws]: morning, dawn.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
47
0.
6ad<r<r<i>, inf. Oaaffff^ev : sit.
0aXd|iT] : chamber, hole.
0aXafAT)-ir6Xos : chamber-maid.
0dX.ap.os: women's hall, bed-chamber,
store-room. Usually thought of as
back of, and opening into, the men's
hall (nt-yapov).
OdXoxrcra : sea.
OaXdo-o-ios : adj. of the sea.
0aX.0o>: bloom.
OdXeia : fern. adj. blooming, luxurious.
OoXepos 3 : blooming, big, rich, fresh,
vigorous, happy.
0a\uj : delight, festivity.
OdXXw, perf. partic. as pres. re^Xwj,
fein.TetfaXuta: bloom, blossom; partic.
fruitful.
OdXos, -cox: scion, "flower."
OaXirwpVj : (warmth), comfort, joy.
8ap.a : adv. often.
0afi|3w, aor. ddn^tjffav : wonder.
8dfi|3os, -eos : wonder.
0a|i.s, dat. 0ant<ri, pi.: thick, close.
0a.|iH; w : am frequent. Oa^uv, making
frequent trips.
0d[ivos : bush, shrub.
OdvaTos : death.
0aviv [6a.veii>~\, 0dvfl<ri [Odv-rj], 0dvov
\f6a.vov\ : aor. of 0vfi<rK<a.
Odofxai, inf. 0rjtr0ai: suck, milk.
Oair-, present stem of a perfect with
present meaning, r&fyira, plpf. ^re-
Oriirea : perf. wonder, am amazed.
Odirrw, plpf. tTtOaiTTo : bury.
OaporaXcos: bold, confident.
OapcraXc'us : confidently, boldly.
0ap<rw, aor. partic. 0ap<rri<Ta.s : dare, am
of good courage.
Odpo-os, -eoj : courage, daring.
0a.pcrvvtt,aor.subjv.0ap<ri)'w: encourage,
embolden.
0do-<rov (comp. of rax^x): adv. quicker,
right speedily.
0aC(ia, -aros : wonder, marvel.
and eavfiaivw, fut. partic. 0av-
(67)fOfjun) : watch, explore,
wonder, admire. /5<Wes Soi//xafov,
gazed with wonder.
0ea and Otaiva : goddess.
Occiov: sulphur. The odor which accom-
panies a thunderbolt was ascribed to
sulphur. Similarly the old Hebrews
believed that ' fire and brimstone '
from heaven destroyed Sodom.
OtUiv : inf. of Ww, run.
OciXoircSov : curing-place for grapes.
Ocijicv : aor. opt. of ridrjfj.1.
0ivw : strike.
0ios or 0&os (0e6s): adj. of the gods,
inspired, sacred, god-like.
Ociorcpos : of the gods, for the gods.
43 c.
Otiw [0w] : aor. subjv. of rie-ijiu. 55 c.
0X-y w > iterative impf. 6t\yeffKtv, aor.
etfeXfe, pass. ^^AX^^S : charm, beguile.
0eXicTTJpiov : charm, propitiation.
0'|j.v(ai) : aor. inf. of rie-ijui.
0|Ais, pi. 6tfuffres : natural law, what is
fitting; pi. laws, y 0tms tcrrl, as is
right, as is lawful, as is natural.
0[iis, gen. QtfuffTos : Themis, daughter
of Uranus and Gaea, goddess of
justice.
Otfiio-Ttvw : am judge, rule, give laws.
0ji6u>, aor. OtfjLwffe : urge, drive.
-0v : inseparable suffix, forming an
ablatival genitive. 36 c.
Qio [0ov] -. aor. imv. of riO^iu, place.
0o-i8rjs, -& (eJSos), and 0fo-elKe\o$ :
god-like. Of beauty or strength of
person, without reference to moral
qualities. Cf. I<r60fos.
0eo-irpoir' : prophesy, declare the divine
will.
0o-irp<mCii : oracle, prophecy.
0o-irp6iros : seer, prophet.
0os : god, divinity. See dalpuv.
0ov8rjs, -h (5/:^os): god-fearing.
48
VOCABULARY TO THE
06-<})iv : old locative as dat. pi. of
6e6t.
Oepdirwv, -ovrot : attendant. A servant,
but doing voluntary service.
OcppaivM : heat.
0p(i6s (tAcrmo-meter) 3 : hot.
6'p(Aw : warm, heat.
O^pos, gen. 0^pev? (0ep/x6$): summer.
Oc's, 0rav: see riBrifju, place, make.
OcViccXos : wondrous, strange.
0o-iro-ios 3 : diume, marvellous.
0o-m-8arf)s, -ft : fiercely burning.
Oca-iris, -tos : inspired.
0o-<j>aTos : divine ; decreed, oracle.
Ot'ro [etfero] : aor. of rlB-t^i.
Oc'co and 0, partic. 0<?a>v, impf. e0et,
e^ee? : run. Cf. rpfxu.
0t6rcpos : of (for) the gods. 43 c.
0i]pai pi. and 0^ : Thebes. 40 d.
(1) The principal town of Boeotia.
(2) Aegyptian Thebes, S 126.
0T)f3aios : Theban.
0T]eo(iai, impf. O-qeuvTo, edt]v/jLff6a( 27 b),
aor. 6i)ri<Ta.TO (0o/r-, OavfM) : look, look
with wonder, wonder.
0fJKav : aor. of rtffrifu.
OijXcto (0d\\u): bloom, flourish.
OfjXvs, OVjXcia : feminine, delicate; fresh.
As subst. female. Comp. 6rj\vTepai.
43 c.
0t]fj.wv, -wvos : heap.
flVjv : enclitic particle, surely, forsooth.
ov 8i)v, "I don't think."
0^jp, gen. Orjpbs : wild beast.
0TJpri : hunt, chase.
0T]ptov: betist.
0^s, gen. 0i}Tfa -. retainer, a freeman
working for hire. Cf. ffyrevw.
0T)o-vs, -^os : Theseus, mythical king
of Athens and national hero of
Attica. X 322, 631.
0f)cr0cu : see ffdo/iai.
0T)Tvw (0i?s) : serve as hireling.
-fli : inseparable locative suffix. 36 6.
0ts, dat. fflvl : heap, down, shore, strand.
OvVjo-Kw, aor. 6avov, %0a.ve, inf. davtciv,
perf. TtOvijice, partic. Te^y^wros ( 47 i),
rf6vT)viav (Qa.v-): die; perf. am dead.
0vT]T6s 3 : mortal, dying.
Ooivdw, aor. pass. 6oLvq69ivai : feast.
Ooos 3 : swi/Z. Oows, swiftly.
0o6w, aor. e66<affa : sharpen.
Oovpis, -i5os : fern. adj. impetuous.
06wKos : seat, session. See 6u>Kos.
06 wv, -wros : a Phaeacian. 113.
0o d>s (0o6s): adv. quickly.
06 coo-a : mother of Polyphemus, a 71.
0pao-v-pl|xv<ov, -ovos : brave-hearted.
0pao-v(j.T|8Tis, -eos : son of Nestor. He
had been at Troy with his father.
Opcurvs, 0pa<ma (ddpffos): bold.
0p'4/ : aor. of rpf<fxa, nourish, curdle.
0pT)KT]v-8 : to Thrace.
Oprivvs : foot-stool.
Opryicos : frieze.
GpivaKiii : Thrinacia, a mythical island.
X107, ft 127, cf. ft Sol.
0p|, gen. rpix<5s : hair, bristle.
Opovos : seat, chair,
esp. a high arm-
chair with back
and foot-stool,
throne.
GpcocrKu), aor. effope :
leap.
0vyo.TT]p, gen. 6vya-
rp6s, dat. Ovyartpi,
nom. pi. OvyoiTt-
pes and Ovyarpes :
0p6vos.
daughter. The
first syllable is long in all forms of
four syllables.
OvcXXa: blast.
0vv : surged, impf. of (tiw.
0Wo-TT]s : Thyestes, grandson of Tanta-
lus, son of Pelops, brother of Atreus,
father of Aegisthus (Clytaemnestra'i
paramour). S 517.
: son of Thyestes. 42 d.
a (0i;os): rich with incense.
-ft heart-grieving.
FIKST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
49
^ (dyetpu) : (collect spirit),
regain strength.
0vfi-T|pT]s, -es : heart-satisfying, comfort-
able.
0vfio-8aKVjs, -& : heart- (bit ing) stinging.
OvjAo-Xtwy, -OCTOS : lion-hearted, ' lion-
mettled,' coeur-de-lion.
0un6s : heart, soul, spirit, as the seat
of life, and of the desires, passions,
reason, will ; thought, dplvu Ovpov,
touch the heart.
0v|io-4>06pos (QOelpu): life-destroying.
Oxiov : arbor-vitae (?), cedar (?).
0upe6v : door-stone.
0vpi) : door. 0vpt]-4>iv, at the door, with-
out. 0vpa-t, to the door, out.
0vw, aor. fedffa/jLfv: rage,surge; aor. (sent
up in sacrificial smoke), sacrificed.
0vu>Sr|s, -es : fragrant.
0^ : fine, penalty.
0UKOS : seat, sitting, session. OuKbvde,
to a session. Cf. Oadffffu.
0a>v, gen. Quvos : an Egyptian. 8 228.
Bioprjcro-ofiai : (equip with cuirass), arm
myself.
I.
taCvw, aor. l-f)va.Te, aor. pass, idvdi) :
warm, heat, cheer.
tdXXctf, aor. fT/Xe : send, put. Construed
with adv. twl.
to.ofj.ai, fut. tijVeTai : heal.
tdirrw : with (card, bring down, injure.
'IdpSavos : Cretan river, y 292.
'Iao-(8t]s : i.e. Amphion. X 283.
Taa-Cwv, -uvos : favorite of Demeter.
e!25.
lavw, iterative impf. lafaffxev, aor. lavo-ai:
sleep, rest by night. Cf. Aeo-av, y 490.
la\^| (fiaxl) shriek, loud cry.
la.\o) (/rtcixw): shout, shriek, yell, roar.
'latoXKos : lolcos, city in Magnesia on
the Pagasaean Gulf, the modern
Volo. X 256.
IS^ : conj. and. See 178^.
l$ [5^] : see to, provide, aor. imv. of
opdu.
t8c(v) [eI8e]-. aor. iud. of opdu. 40 a.
I8ios 3 : (my) own, private.
tSjwv [tff/j.ev~\ 1 pi. ind., tS^vai [fidtvai]
inf. : of ol5a, know.
ISvow, aor. pass, as mid. idvuffels : bend.
ISoCaro [tdotvro] opt., tSopcv [efSojuev]
_ ind. : aor. of opdu.
'ISoficvcvs, -^05 : leader of the Cretans,
son of Deucalion and grandson of
Minos. One of the older leaders of
the expedition against Troy, y 191.
s, -tos (ol8a): skilled, skilful.
: sweat.
ISpvw, aor. tdpvffev (8os): seat.
ISpws, -uros (sudor, sweat): sweat.
ISvia [fidvTa] : fern, partic. of olda.
t [TJei] : impf. of elfu, go.
'ui impf., Ui<ra partic. : of Tij/ti.
ttjiai, impf. 'tff6i)i>, partic. i^vos, aor.
flaa.ro (fi-): desire, strive for, set out.
(Distinguish from fy/u.)
Upcvco, fut. inf. iepfvfffyev, aor. ttptvaev :
sacrifice, offer in sacrifice ; slaughter,
since though most of the flesh of the
victims was eaten, yet on the other
hand no flesh was eaten until a part
had been presented to the gods.
Uprjiov : victim for sacrifice.
Upov : victim, sacrifice.
Upos 3: holy, sacred; sturdy.
SS, iterative impf. iifrffKev (?Sos): sit.
tr)Xv : aor. of tdXXw, send, put.
fo|(u, 3 sing, fyffi, partic. itvres, impf. &t,
mid. Ito-Oyv, fut. inf. r/ireiv, aor. 17*0,
mid. II/TO : send, hurl, cast, throw,
drop, put ; flow. (Distinguish from
fc/xcu. )
: aor. of laivu, heat.
: fut. of Idonai, heal.
rjo-wv, -oi/os: Jason, son of Aeson,
leader of the Argonautic Expedition
to Colchis for the Golden Fleece.
50
VOCABULARY TO THE
: healer, physician.
'I00.KT1 : Ithaca, a small rocky and
mountainous island of the Ionian
Sea ; the home of Odysseus.
'I0o.K^<rios : Ithacan.
I0i : imv. of el/it, go.
tBwvw, aor. imv. *0vvf (lots) : make
straight; guide.
tOvs, -w>s : undertaking, enterprise.
tOvs [fv&vs] : adv. with gen., straight,
straight for. dv I6tv, straight up,
(throwing) into the air.
t0vo>, aor. opt. iBia-etf. aim at, reach
after.
iKavw, inf. iKavtuev: come, freq. with
ace. of ' limit of motion.' r68' 'ucdveis,
comest thus, comest hither. Cf. IKV-
: Icarius, Penelope's father.
(p IK-) 3 : like, resembling.
: inf. of iKveo^ai.
iKTcva>, aor. iKtrewe: come as suppliant,
supplicate, beg.
IKTTJS (iKvtopai) : suppliant.
1'Kp.evos : favoring, favorable, secun-
dus. Construed with oSpos.
iKveojACu, partic. iKvetpevai, fut. ^erot,
aor. lK6fj.t]v, 2 pers. iKtv, subjv. t/ojcu,
opt. iKolfjLrjv, inf. iKfffdai : come, arrive
at, reach, come as suppliant, am sup-
pliant. Freq. with ace. of ' limit of
motion.' 22 by. Cf. ixdvw, IKU.
ticpia, locative gen. or dat. IttpibQiv pi. :
ribs of a ship ; deck.
frcw, aor. Te : come. Cf. lKvfa/j.a.1.
i\do-KO(xai, aor. subjv. i\d<ro-o/u : pro-
pitiate, appease.
iXrjiu, imv. i\i]0i: imv. be gracious.
'I\i6-0v : adv. from Ilios. :>6 c.
'IXi6-0i : old locative, at Ilhs. 36 6.
"IXios fern. (/ri'Xtos) : Ilios, capital city
of the Troad, named for its founder
Ilus (son of Tros and grandfather of
Priam). (Neut. in Homer only 71.)
*IXo$ : Ilus, Ephyraean prince, a 259.
tjjios, -O.VTOS : leather strap.
lp.do-0Xti : whip.
lp.d<rcr(i>, aor. ifj-airev : lash.
i|u(p<o, aor. subjv. Ifj^iperai. ( 48 a) :
desire, long, am eager.
fywv [iVvai] inf., jwv 1 pi.: of ef/it, go.
i(ip6-is, -effffa. : lovely ; yearning.
ijifpos : longing, desire.
Eva : adv. where. Con], (more frequent)
in order that, that, with subjv. or
optative.
IvSaXXopai : show (my) self, appear.
"Ivw : Ino. e 333. See AevKofftt).
l|ov : aor. of ftcw, come.
lvs, -vos : loins, waist.
to-6ve<j)T|s, -<?s: violet-dark, dark.
Io-i8fjs, -s : violet-color, dark-blue.
tojuv : subjv. of elm, go.
tov (fiov): violet.
16s: arrow.
torris, -T/T-OS : will. Beuv WTT/TJ, by the
will of the gods.
t'ovXos: down, the first soft beard.
lo-xe'aipa (t'6s, x^ w ) : (she who showers
arrows), the archer goddess. Epithet
of Artemis.
3 : of the horses, horse.
aTa (IXalW) : Aeolic for ITTTTTJ-
(horse-driver), knight. 37 6.
iir7r-T|XaTos : adj. fit for the driving of
horses.
iiririo-xdpp.T)s : (fighting on the chariot),
knightly.
tiriro-poTos (/36<7/cw) : horse-f 'ceding. Epi-
thet of Argos, as suited to the rearing
of horses.
tiriro-Sanos (5o/xdw): (horse-tamer, mas-
ter of horses), knight.
liriro-0v : adv. from the horse.
1'irrros : horse ; pi. freq. chariot, dip'
iirwuv, on chariots. Horses drew by
the yoke, without 'traces.' They
were not used for 'cavalry.'
iiriroTO, [iTTTrirr/s, iirire(ii\ : horseman,
knight. 37 b.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
51
'IinroTd8T] : Aeolus. K 2, 36. (Milton's
'sage Hippotades,' Lycidas 96.)
ipevs, -ijoj [iep5s]: priest.
tptlfj, TJKOS : hawk, falcon.
ipov, pi. ipd : pi. sacrifices.
tpos 3 : sacred, holy. See tepos.
Is, pi. ives (fit, vis): sinew; strength,
h fr]\f/j.dxoio, the strength of Tele-
machus, the strong Telemachus.
1Q&
t<rav L^tt"] : impf. of e?/ou, go.
io-av [ydeffav]: plpf. of oTSa, know.
C<ra<ri : 3 pi. of olSa, Arnoto.
fcrOi : imv. of o!5a.
to-Kw : liken. Cf. tlvKu.
"lo-jiapos : a town in Thrace, t 40, 198.
io-6-0OS : god-like. Cf. OeoetS^.
to-ow, aor.mid. w-wo-afytT/v: liken, compare.
t<ros 3 (po--): equal, like. i<rov and [<ro,
cognate ace., adv. equally.
to-rt : 2 pi. of o!5a, know.
'i<TTTj(Jii, impf . 'iffravav, partic. mid. Iffrd-
s, impf. 'iffraro, fut. ffr-fjaeiv, aor.
, t(TT1)fff, fffTTJV, ffTTJ, pi. fffTdV,
ffrrj<rav, opt. ffrair), imv. (TT^TC, inf.
<TTT?inei>ai, partic. (rrcis, perf. ZffryKfv,
partic. fffreura, e<rra6r, plpf. effr-/)-
Kei, 1 pi. ?<7Ta/xe', 3 pi. foraffav : pres.
and 1 aor. act. transitive, cause to
stand, station, set, stop; other tenses
and mid. intransitive, take (my) posi-
tion, stand, stop; perf. stand.
Urrfov : sail. Each boat had but a
single sail, and the pi. may be used
of mast and sail.
IO-TO-IM'ST] : mast-step, support for the
mast in the hold of the boat.
IO-TOS : (1) mast; (2) loom; (3) web.
iffrbv tiroi-x.oiJ.tvij, going to and fro
before the loom, plying the loom.
' The loom of Homeric times was an
upright frame-work, prob. consisting
of two perpendicular posts, united
at the top by a cross-bar. From this
last the threads of the warp were
hung with weights. In weaving, one
set of threads, by means of a cross-
stick (KO.VUV, ^ 761), was drawn for-
ward with one hand to the breast of
the weaver, while by the other hand
the woof-thread, by means of the
<cep/u's, or shuttle, was cast through
the opening thus made between the
threads of the warp. The weaver
passed back and forth in front of the
loom.' (Perrin on e 62.)
(Penelope at the loom.)
52
VOCABULARY TO THE
HO-TW : be witness, irav. of ol8a.
t<rxava<i> : mid. am checked, wait, delay;
act. am bent on having.
fo\<a, imv. f<rx> (x w ) : hold; mid. keep
(to) thyself, be silent.
t<r(i>o-a((XT]v : would liken myself, aor. of
iffbjj.
irii\ (withe) : willow.
trqv [fiTTiv] : du. impf. of el/it, go.
'Lj>0ipi : sister of Penelope. 5 797.
\:4>0ijios 3 : mighty, doughty, excellent.
I4>i (/r?0i, ft) : adv. with might.
'Lj>iK\fyios: adj. oflphides. X290. pii>
'I0i/c\j?et7?, "the mighty Iphicles."
See 117.
'I^ifit'Stia : mother of Otus and Ephi-
altes. X 305.
!4>ios (ft): strong, goodly.
l\9vata, iterative impf. ixOvda<ricov:fish,
cateh fish.
I\6v6-us, -f<T<ra : fishy.
l\0vs, ace. pi. ix&vs : fish.
txviet pi. : foot-steps, steps.
ta>: subjv. of fl/M, go.
Kdp-Pa\ [>aT<(/3aXe, 326]: cast (down)
ashore.
KdS : for KO.T&, down, by ' apocope '
and ' assimilation ' before 5. 5 344.
32 6.
KaS|Aios : adj. Cadmean, of Cadmus;
pi. Cadmeans, i.e. Thebans.
KdSpos : Cadmus, son of Agenor, and
mythical founder of Thebes.
Kdrj : aor. pass, of Kaiu, burn.
Ka6-aipe'ci>, aor. Ka0ei\o/J.v, subjv. KaOt-
\yffi : take down (of sails), bring
down, destroy.
Ka.6a.ipw, aor. 3 pi. KaBijpav : cleanse.
Ka6-airTO|xcu : address.
KaOapos : clean, pure.
K00-'5ofjiai, pi. subjv. Ka6f^/j,<T0a. ( 47
m), aor. KaOeivtv : sit down, sit ; aor.
act. seat.
Ko.0-dXop.6v : aor. of Ka.6a.iptu, take down.
Ka0-i<rev : seated, aor. of /cafleftyttu.
Ka0-c'Xr|cri, : aor. subjv. of Ka.0a.ipew.
Ka0-(Xv [Ka.Ge'i/j.tv] : aor. of KaQirjiu, lower.
Ka0-v8w : sleep.
Ka0-T](iai : sit, am seated.
Ka0T]pav : aor. of Kadaipu, cleanse.
Ka0-ii;dv<o : (go and) take a seat. Cf.
xaff^o/jLai. 0<t)K6vde Kadifavov, came to
their seats in the session.
Ka0-t, aoi'.Kd&iffav. sit; aor. trans, seat.
Ka0-iT||u, aor. Kadeftev ( 4(3 a) : letdown.
KaO-iKvtonai, aor. KaOtKero : come upon,
touch, a 342.
K<x0-i<rav : aor. of Kadifa.
Ka0-i<rTT](u, aor. imv. Karda-TTja-ov : sta-
tion, stop, bring a ship to shore or
anchor.
Ka0-virp0t(v) : adv. down from above,
above.
KO.I: copulative conj., and, also, too,
even. KOI d, even if. KO.I is freq.
joined with other particles, and is
freq. correl. with rt, both . . . and. It
sometimes marks the agreement of
a specification with a foregoing gen-
eral remark. It may be used where
the Eng. idiom has or, as irevrderes
/cat efderes, for five or six years. It
is used freq. in the apodosis of con-
ditional and temporal sentences.
Kaivvfxai, perf. partic. KfKa<r/j.{vov, plpf.
as impf. (e)K^Kaa-To : excel.
Ktupocis, gen. pi. Kaipov<rffeui> (contr.
from Ka.ipoeff<rfui>) : adj. having many
Kaipot, close-woven. Formed from
/ccupos, the loop or eye to which each
vertical thread (the warp) of the
web was attached. See Zcrrds. A fine
texture would require many xatpoi.
KaCio, aor. ftcrja, pai'tic. K^ai/res ( 51 g),
aor. pass. (i)Kdr) (/ca/r-) : burn, con-
sume by fire.
KOLK : for /ca/cd, the accent being thrown
back after elision. 31 d.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
53
KdK : for Kara, down, by apocope.
326.
KdKiovs : nom. pi. of the compar. of /ca/cos.
KO.KIO-TOS : superl. of Ka<c6s.
KdK-Ktiovrcs : fut. partic. of Kdrd/cei/xat,
lie down. 32 6.
KaK-Kfjdi : aor. inf. of KaraKatd), burn.
KdKo-ppatjuii : evil design, machination.
KdKov and pi. Kdicd : ill, harm, calamity.
KdKos 3 : bad, evil, worthless, miserable,
. low-born, cowardly, destructive. Opp.
to 70.065. See Kd/dom, /cd/ow-repos, d-
KlffTOS, fCaKCOS.
KdKOTt]s, -771-0$ : evil, misery, calamity.
KdKou : treat ill, trouble; perf. partic.
KficaKu/dvos, who has suffered hard-
ship, distressed.
KdKws : ill, wickedly, miserably.
KdKumpos : meaner, compar. of Kd6s.
KdXe'w, partic. KdXeDjrej, fut. partic. *ca-
X^wv, aor. opt. jcaX&reie, partic. KdX^(o-)-
ffdj, mid. Ka\e<rffa/j.tvw, perf. partic.
KeK\rnj.tvos : call, call in, summon,
invite, name. To be called was some-
times equiv. to be.
KaXX(-0pi, -rpixos: epithet of horses
and sheep, fair-maned, fair-wooled.
KdXXi-Kpr|S6(ivos : adj. with fair veil
(head-band).
KaXXipos (jcdXXos): adj. fa ir.
KdX-Xnrt : aor. ind. and imv. of KO.TO.-
Xe/TTw, leave.
KdXXi-irXoKdfios : fair-tressed.
KdXXi-p6pos : beautifully flowing.
KdXXi-poos : fair-flowing.
KdXXurros : superl. of /caX6s.
KdXXt-o-(j>vpos : adj. with fair ankles.
KdXXt-xPs : (with beautiful squares for
the choral dance), fair.
KdXXiwv, -ov : compar. of *cdX6s.
KdXXos, -cos (KdX6s): beauty.
KdXov and pi. KoXd : cognate ace., adv.
well.
KdXos [>caX6s] 3 : beautiful, fair, noble.
Compar. Ka\\iuv, superl.
KoXos [dXwj]: rope.
s, -t5oj : water-jar.
: (covering), veil.
, aor. (t)Kd.\v\f/e(v), perf. pass.
KfKa\vfj.fj.^vos, pass, partic. Ka.\v<p6els :
cover, wrap, conceal, triiv ndXinf/f?
(cover together), cover (up) completely.
With K, uncover.
KoXv\|r<&, -oOj: Calypso, a nymph,
daughter of Atlas, dwelling in the
island Ogygia.
KdXws : well, adv. of <caX6s. 59 c.
KoLfidTos : toil, weariness.
KO.fi- paXc [/cdT^/3dXe] : aor. of KarafiaXXu,
cast down (sc. ashore). 33 h.
Kap.-fiopos [Kordyixopos] : hapless, ill-fated.
Kdfivw, aor. (t)Kafj.e, perf. partic. KeKpr,-
wra: labor, am weary, make with
toil, fashion, till. Klines, who be-
came weary, euphemism for Oavbrret,
the dead, as we speak of 'the de-
parted.'
aor. fKan^e: bend.
: bent, curved.
| : rattling.
5&) : resound, ring.
Kdvt(i)ov : basket, dish. 26 e.
Kairq : crib, manger.
Kdirvos : smoke, vapor, mist.
Kdir-ir<r [KaT&re<re] : aor. of KaTaTrlwru,
fall down. 32 ft.
Kdirpos : boar, wild-boar.
Kdpti, gen. /cdpTjToj, xpSris, KprjOfv, dat.
Kpari, acc. Kpa.ro. : head.
Ka.pi\ KO(i6<uvT6s : long-haired. Freq.
epithet of Achaeans.
Kdpt^vapl.: heads, summits.
KdpiraX(tui>s : adv. quickly, in haste.
Kdp-iros : fruit, crop, grain.
Kdprepos : strong, mighty.
KdpTio-ros : (strongest), best.
Kdpros : strength, might. See
Kdp4>dXcos : dry, withered.
Kd<ri--YvV|Tr) (/<d(rij) : own sister.
Kcuri-yvr\ros : own brother.
54
VOCABULARY TO THE
Kao-o-dvSpii : Cassandra, daughter of
Priam. Ace. to a later myth, Apollo
loved her and gave her the power of
prophecy. Not returning his love, she
was condemned to foretell only mis-
fortune and to be always disbelieved.
She was Agamemnon's prize of honor
on the capture of Troy, but was slain
with him by Clytaemnestra. X 421 ff.
Kdo-Twp, -opoj: Castor, son of Leda, and
brother of Polydeuces and Helen.
X 300.
Kara: adv. ( 58 6) and prep., down,
with aCC. and gen. /card xp&x MTTTT;,
injure (bring down) her complexion;
Kara <(>p6viv yyaye, brought back knowl-
edge (as booty); /card v^aavro, spun
(down) off; /card 5' fffrvyov avrr/v,
were stricken (down) with horror at
her; KO.TO. avQeotaiv etpyvv, shut (down)
up in pens ; /card KpfjOev x.te, drooped
(down) from (the head) above, /card
Kpara, down over his head ; icarA
ffvfjiov, in heart; Kara 3w/ta, through
the house ; (card &<TTV, through the city;
icard fj.oipav, in due measure, fitly;
KCLTO. irprj^iv, on business ; Kara \t]iSa,
for robbery; Kara XP^I through the
need of, because of; KO.TO. <rr6^a, op-
posite the mouth; /card vuira hafiuv,
grasping him by the back; KO.T 6<j>6d\-
t*.o6s, before the eyes. KO.T djcpjjs, down
from on high; Kara fcdpijros, down from
his head; Kara <rirelovs, along through
the cave.
Ka.Ta-paiva>, aor. Kare^r/fffTO ( 53 6),
inf. Karafiyvai, Kara^/j^vai, partic.
/cara/Sds : come down, descend.
Kara-pdXXw, aor. /cd;u./3aXe [/car^/SaXe] :
cast dtwn, let fall.
Karappo^euv (aor. opt.) : gulp down,
swallow.
Kara--yT|pd{rKw, aor. Karty-^pa : grow old.
KaT-a^lvcw (&yw) ' lead down, bring down.
, aor. Ka-r<foe : shatter, wreck.
Kar-d-yu), aor. Kari}yay6fj.ffda : briny
down; mid., of sailors, put in (to
shore) from the high seas. Con-
trasted with avdyopai.
Ka.Ta.-8d.irrw, aor. KariSa^av : devour.
Kara-SapOdvci), aor. KartdpaOov : fall
asleep.
KaTa-Sc'pKOfxai : look down upon.
Kara-Sew, aor. Ka.Ttdrjfff(v): bind down.
fasten.
Kara-SpdOw : aor. subjv. of Karadapddvu.
Kara-Svw, fut. KaTadvcr6/j.0a, aOT.Ka.redv,
partic. KaraStis : go down, enter, sink,
set; trans, (induo) put on armor.
Kar-aaivw, aor. iter. Karafr/vaffKe : dry,
make dry.
Kara-OeX-yw, aor. Ka.Te0e\ev : subdue by
enchantments, charm.
Kara-Ovtfjo-Kw, perf. opt.
partic. KarareOvrjwruv,
die, perf. am dead.
KaTa-0vr]T6s (Ov-f)<TKui): mortal.
3 : to be descended, trodden.
(X W ) : occupy, possess.
Kara-Kaiw, aor. inf. Karaicfjcu, KaKKrjai :
burn (down), consume by fire.
i, inipf. (car^Keiro, desidera-
tive Kara/celere (imv.) and (as fut.
partic.) /ca/c/cet'ojTes : lie down.
: (shear off), consume.
Kara-KeCw : desiderative of <caTaK6</xcu.
Kara-KXdw, aor. pass. KarK\d<T0i}: break
down, crush.
Kara-KXtvw, aor. partic. /caraKXtvas: lean,
lay down.
Kara-KpvirTw, aor. partic. (cara/cpi^/'as :
conceal, disguise.
Kara-KTivw, aor. KaTtxrave, inf. KO.TO.-
KTdftev, aor. pass. KartKraOev [tcaTf-
KTaff-nvav]: slay, kill.
Kara-Xe-yw, fut. /varaX^w, aor. KarAe^a :
recount, relate, rehearse.
Kara-Xeyw (Xe*-), fut. mid. KaraX^erai,
aor. Ka.Te\ta.To and KarAe/cro, partic-
: lie down to sleep.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
55
Kara-XcCirci), aor. Kd\\ure(i>)
32 b]: leave behind, leave as an in-
heritance ; forsake, abandon.
Ka,Ta-Xo4>dScia (\6#os): adv. hanging
from the back of the neck (over the
breast). *c 169.
Kara-Xvo), aor. subjv. <co.TaXi)<ro/iei' : un-
harness, unyoke.
Kara-vtvw, aor. Kartvfvffe : nod (down-
wards), assent.
Ka.T-avofj.ai : am used up, consumed.
Kar-avTiKpv: adv. straight down, straight
off.
Kara-iravw, inf. Karairav^/jiev, aor. tcart-
iravffa, subjv. KaTairafoonev : cause to
cease, restrain, stop.
Ka.Ta-iriirr, aor. )cdrnre<re [*caT^re<re] :
fall down.
^w : sail (down) in to shore.
^s: down turned, with
'p> the fiat of the hand.
i>, aor. Karepe^ev. stroke,caress.
: begin a sacrifice, in preg-
nant construction with ace. y 445.
: overshadow.
KaTa-o"rr]<rov : aor. imv. of
bring to shore.
Kara-TtOvaiTj : perf. opt. of K
die.
Kara-T(9r|p.i, aor. KartOriKa.,
( 32): lay down, set down.
K(XTa.-<f>0ia>, fut. Kara<pdiffet, aor. mid.
Ka,Tt<p9iTo, inf. Kara<f>0lff6ai, partic.
Ka,Ta,if>6i/j.{voicnv : bring to nought, de-
stroy; mid. come to nought, perish.
KdTa-x^w, aor. KaT^x fVf ( v ) ( *>1 g), aor.
mid. as pass. ACOT^X"^"<> : pour (down)
over, shed over; mid. tumble (down).
KOLT-fOL^t : aor. of Kard-yvvfj.1, shatter.
KaT-pt|<rTO : aor. of Kara^atvtis, descend.
KaT-c-y-fjpa : aor. of Karay-ripdw.
Kar-t'SaxJ/av : aor. of KaraddirTw, devour.
Ka.T-&r\<rt : aor. of KaraStu. fasten.
KaT-'8pa0ov : aor. of Ko.ra.5a.pBa.vu, fall
asleep.
Kar-cSv : aor. of Ka.Ta.bvw, enter, set.
Kar-tSw : eat up, consume.
Kar-eOtvTO, Kart'O^Ka : aor. of Karari-
OIHU, lay dawn.
Ko.T-i(3u : trickle down, stream down.
KaT-i|ii (elfju), impf. Kar^ttv: go down.
ica.T-cCpv<rcv : aor. of Karepvu, draw down,
launch.
KdT-e'KTa&v : aor. pass, of KaraKTfivw,
sliy.
Kar-KTav : aor. of KaraKTelvw, slay.
Kar-^Xc^a : aor. of xaraX^yu, tell, recount.
Kar-tXcKTo, KaT-cX^aro : aor. mid. of
KaraXtyv (Xex-)? ^ e down to sleep.
KaT-cXevcropcu : fut. of
KaT-X0^(iv : aor. inf. of
KaT-va(pw, aor. mid. Ka.Ttvripa.To : slay.
KaT-^ir<j>vov : aor. slew.
: aor. of KaTapptfa, caress.
w : keep back, restrain.
Kar-epvKci> : keep back, restrain.
Kar-cpvu, aor. Kareipvcrtv, perf. Karetpv-
O-TCU : haul down, heave down, launch.
Ka.T-px<>|iai, fut. Ko.Te\eu<rofiai, aor. KO.T-
rj\6ev and caT^Xu^o', inf. KaTe\8ffifi> :
come down, go down, descend.
KO.T-o-0ia>, irnpf. Kar^ffOie : devour.
KaT-t<rxv : took to itself, inceptive aor.
of KOT^X W -
dw, aor. partic. pass. Karevmi-
-. lay in bed, pass, lie doiim.
Kar-'4>0iTo : aor. mid. of Ka.Ta,<p6iu, de-
stroy.
Ka.r-(\tvtv : aor. of Karax^u, shed over.
Kar-cxwTO : aor. mid. of /rarax^w, pour
down.
K<tT-'x, aor. Karfffxev, mid. Ka.rtff\ero:
hold down, hold back; aor. inceptive,
took to itself, mid. halted.
KOT-^-y a< Y v : aor - ^ Kardyia, bring down.
Kar-^jwv : impf. of Kdret/xi, come down.
K<xT-fjX0v, KOT-^Xv0ov : aor. of
, -Is
Kdr-Occrav : aor. of
: arched over.
TiOri/ju, set down.
56
VOCA-BULARY TO THE
KaT-wrx, inf. (caTrx^w<" (X W ) : direct,
guide.
tcar-dmo-fle : behind, after.
Ka,T-a>pv ( -i/xos (dpiHTffu): adj. dug down,
embedded, i.e. with the lower part
settled in the earth.
KavKwvcs pi.: a people which originally
occupied the whole west coast of
Peloponnesus, but in historical times
are found only in the south of Elis.
Kavnfj and KO.VTOS : by 'crasis' (29)
for ical aMs, thyself too ; ical airr-f),
even she in person.
K<(V) : enclitic particle, modal adv. ;
essentially equiv. to &v, indicating a
condition, ictv in Homer is about
four times as freq. as av, and is pre-
ferred esp. in affirmative sentences.
See &v.
Kcd<i>, aor. ^a<r<re, opt. Ked<raifj.i: shat-
ter; icedyaifu TvrOd, break into small
pieces.
KtSdvw|ii (ffKed-), aor. tKt8a<r<rev: scatter,
disperse.
KcS vos : trusty, faithful ; pass, trusted,
esteemed. KfSvd i5via,faithful-hearted.
: cedar.
: desiderative inf. of Ke?/iai, lie.
Kei-6v [tKeWev] : adv. from that place,
thence.
Ki-9i [tKfWi]: there.
Keifiai, 3 pi. K^ovrai, subjv. Krjrat [Wi/Tai],
impf. (t)icel/jLr)i>, desiderative inf. Keit-
nev, partic. KWV -. lie. See Ka.Ta.Kti.nai.
Ki(iTJ\iov (KeifjMt): treasure stored up,
keepsake.
Ketvfl : adv. in that way.
Keivos [^(cetvos, 45 i] 3 : that one, that,
yon, he.
Ktipu, aor. inf. mid. Kflpatrdai : cut off,
shear, consume.
KCb-o-c [ticfTffe]: adv. thither.
KCKCIO-TO : plpf . as impf. of Ka.lwp.ai., excel.
: perf . partic. (*ca0-), gasp out.
: aor. of Kt\o/Mt, call, bid.
ws : perf. partic. as pres.
shriek, yell.
KK\T])xvos : perf. partic. pass, of /c
call.
KK\(arai [/c^Xurat] : perf. mid. of K\[I>U,
lean, lie upon.
KK\UT : aor. imv. of /cXt/w, hear.
KK(jLr)uJTa : perf. partic. of K</XPO>, am
weary.
KKopT)fu0a : perf. mid. of
satisfy.
KeKOTTjdTi : angry, perf. partic.
KCKpaavrcu : perf. pass, of Kepdvwm,
mingle. xP Vff V Keicpdavrai, are plated
with gold. (Possibly from Kpaiaivw.)
KKpi|icvoi : chosen, selected. See Kplvdi.
KKv0uo-t : aor. subjv. of KtMw, cover.
KeXdSuv : partic. sounding.
KeXcu-v<{>T|s, -& (vt<j>os) : (with dark
clouds), cloud-wrapped, dark.
KtXaivos: dark, black.
v^ci) : flow, trickle.
fern., pi. K4\ev0oi and (more
freq.) Kt\ev6a : way, path, course,
journey.
KcXcvw, aor. (<l)ic\Vffa, inf. KeXtvcrt/jLtvai:
bid, command, order. With dative
or accusative.
K&TIS, -ros: race-horse, racer, ridden,
not driven; and in Homer only e 371.
Ke'XXco, aor. tictXffafjLev ( 51 e) : run a
ship on land, beach.
KeXofxai, fut. /ceXi7(7Tai, aor. (f)K^K\ero
( 46 e): bid, order, urge; freq. with
dative.
K^V : modal adverb. See K.
Kv6s [Kei>6s] 3: empty (-handed).
Kcovrai [Kftvrai]: pres. of KC?JUCK, lie.
Kepdao-66 : pres. imv. of Kepdvvvfu, mix.
Kpat<o, inf. Kepai&/j.v : destroy, lay
waste.
Kpdwv|u, pres. mid. imv. KtpdacrBf,
impf. Kp6uvro, aor. act. Ktpaff<rc,
partic. Kfpdffdffa, mid. Kepaffffd/j.evos,
perf. pass. Keicpdaivai : mix, mingle.
FIKST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
57
Cf. Klpvrjfju. (Perhaps KfKpdavrai is
better connected with Kpaiaivu.)
Kepaos : horned.
K'pas, -oos, pi. Ktpa (cornu): horn.
KEpacr<rc(v): aor. of Kepdvw/u : mix.
Kcpavvos : thunder-bolt.
KcpSaXcos (Ki-pSos) : cunning, shrewd,
winning.
KepSiov : adv. better, more advantageous.
Kt'pSos, -eos : gain, advantage.
Kp8o<rvvtj : (gainfulness), cunning.
Ktpius, -iSos : shuttle.
Kcp6o>vTo : impf. of Kepdwv/j.i, mingle.
KepTO|Ato : taunt, mock.
Kcprofxia pi. : taunts.
Ku9piv, -WPOJ : inner recess, pen.
Kv0w, fut. Kffow, aor. Kv6f, aor. subjv.
KeK68<a<ri, perf . xtxtvOe : conceal, hide.
Kt<j>a\T| : head, used also of the person,
something as we use 'heart.' irapOt-
fjifvoi K<pa\ds, risking their lives.
: containing, perf. partic. of
Kcx&poiro opt., K(X*P OVTO ind. : aor. of
xafpw, rejoice.
K(\pr\\iivov : longing for. See xP&ov-"- 1 -
K'xpr]To : had, plpf. of xpaoucu.
K^X WT : plpf- pass- of x^w, heap, scatter.
Kwv : desiderative partic. of ce?/xat, lie.
kindling, aor. partic. of KCU'W.
(/c^Sos): superl. dearest.
KfjSos, -os: care, grie/, sorrow, woe.
K^8w : distress, ail, cause grief to; mid.
grieve, care fur, with genitive.
KT]Kib>: gush forth.
KTjXtos : blazing.
KT]XTj6|j.6s : spell, charm.
Kf\iros : garden.
K-f\p, gen. K*7p6j fern. : fate, death, a sort
of personified Odvaros.
icfjp, gen. tempos neut. : heart, as seat of
emotions.
KT]p6-9i : in heart.
KT]p6s (cera): wax.
Kfjpv^, -DKOS : herald ; the only official
attendant of the king.
KTjpvaau : proclaim, call by proclamation.
KTJTO.I : subjv. of KeTfj.ai, lie.
pi. : a tribe in Mysia. X 521.
, -cos : sea-monster, seal.
KT]Tio<r<ra : fissured, abounding in ra-
vines. Epithet of Lacedaemon, S 1.
ictOapis, -tos : cithara, lyre. Cf. <f>6pniy.
(Xt/po is not Homeric.)
KIKXTJO-KU (/caX^w): call, name.
KIKO ves pi. : a people on the south coast
of Thrace. They fought on the side
of the Trojans. B 846.
KIKVS : strength. X 393.
Ki|i.|it'pioi pi. : Cimmerians, a mythical
people on the borders of the world
of Shades. X 14 ff.
Kivlci>, aor. inf. Ktvrj<rai : move, stir.
intrans. move.
iclOapa.
(An ancient representation of a school in which the poetus
of Homer were taught.)
58
VOCABULARY TO THE
K(OV : impf . of K/W, go.
KtpKT] : Circe, a nymph, daughter of
Helios and Perse, sister of Aeetes,
dwelling on the island Aeaea. When
Odysseus with his companions land
on her island, she enchants the latter
and changes them to swine, but is
forced by Odysseus to restore them.
After spending a year with her,
'Odysseus, by her advice, visits the
lower world and then resumes his
homeward voyage. * 133 ff. Cf.
Milton's Comus 50 ff. : ' Who knows
not Circe, | The daughter of the sun,
whose charmed cup | Whoever tasted,
lost his upright shape, | And down-
ward fell into a grovelling swine ? '
tcipicos (circus): falcon. Named from
the circles of its flight.
[npdmpu]: mix.
v (icifffffa?): (ivy bowl), bowl.
i 346.
Kia-n\ : chest, box. f 76.
Kixavtt, fut. mid. Kixfata-i, aor. cKix fv i
subjv. Kixyri, aor. mid. Kix'fiffaro :
find, come to, overtake.
KUO, partic. KI.&V, impf. iciov: go.
ictwv, -ovos fern. : pillar, column.
KXayv^l = noise, clamor. X 605.
icXda>, perf. partic. KCKX^WS, KcXij7w-
Taj : shriek.
KXaiw, partic. dat. pi. K\ai6vreffffi, aor.
K\a.v<rev (jcXap): weep, bewail.
K\av6|i6s (/cXaho): weeping, wailing.
xXavo-cv : aor. of K\alw, weep.
K\O.<O, aor. K\d<re: break.
KXeiros (/cX6>s): illustrious.
K\C(W (*cX<?os, Clio) : celebrate, praise.
K\OS, -eos : fame, glory, report.
v, -ivos (xX^os): report, rumor.
: alder.
s, -t5oS, dat. pi. K\1]lffl, K\rftSffffflV
[cXe/j] (clavis): bolt, key; pi. oar-
pin, thole-pin.
3 : with a lock.
K\fjpos : lot.
K\ip,a|, -a/cos (K\tvu, climax): stairs.
K\iv<o, aor. (f)K\lvav, inf. pass, as mid.
K\i6r)va.i, perf. mid. /ce/cX/arai [K^K\IV-
rot], partic. KeK\intvri . lean, turn
aside, put to flight ; mid. lean, lie.
K\io-iT] : hut, barrack, tent, lean-to; lean-
back, an easy seat used by women.
K\ur|i6s: seat resembling the AcXwoj,
identical with it in S 136.
K\ITVS, -Sos : slope, hill.
, -wws : wave. p. 421.
aor. pass. ticXfoffr) : dash up.
K\v6i : imv. of /cXt^w. 56.
KXvjivTj : Clymene. X 326.
: Clyinenus. y 452.
: Clytemnestra (accord-
mg to the later myth, daughter of
Tyndareiis and Leda, and sister of
Helen), unfaithful wife of Agamem-
non. -y264ff., X422ff.
K\VTC : imv. of *Xi5w.
KXvro-ep-yos : famed for his work.
(vr)vs): son of Alcinous.
(inclutus, *cXiyw): famed, glo-
: of famous art.
K\i>o>, aor. imv. K\v8i, pi. K\VTC, and
K^K\vTf : hear, give ear to my request.
xXuOcs pi.: spinsters, spinning goddesses
of fate, fates. 77 197.
Kve'4>as, -aos : darkness of evening.
KVTJJATI : lower leg, shin.
KVT](IOS : foot-hill.
Kvf<rr) : fat, savor of burnt-offerings.
Kvio-fjis, -fffffa -. filled with the savor of
roasted meats, savory.
Kvtocrcrw : slumber.
KoiXos or Ko'iXos 3 : hollow.
Koi|ida>, aor. Koinijire, pass. KotfjL-fjOiHJxv,
opt. KOi/j.T}6firi, inf. Koi/j.ri6ijvai, partic.
Koi/j.ridtvTes (Koi/j.T)T-/ipiov = cemetery) :
lay to rest, have one sleep; mid. and
pass, lie, aor. lay down to sleep.
u : command, rule, hold sway.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
59
KOITOS (xe'ifj.a.i) -. repose, going to bed.
KoXeov : sheath of a sword.
KoXovoj : cut short, injure, mar.
KoXiros : bosom, gulf.
KOp.db>, partic. Kop.d<avrf, KOfj.&uvres ( 50 c)
(K6fj.fi): have long hair. Ka.pt) KO/JLOUV-
res, long-haired; 6iri6ft> KOfjAtavres, with
long back hair (the front hair being
cut short).
K0|i&> : care for, cherish.
pi. : fiair.
j : care, provision for comfort.
co, aor. subjv. Ko/jLiffffy, aor. mid.
K0fjlffffa.ro . attend to, care for, take
up, carry.
KO P.IT-OS: noise, din.
KovafSos: dm, outcry.
Kovii] : dust.
KOVIS : dust, ashes.
Koviw : raise a dust, go with dust, speed.
KOVTOS : pole.
Koirpos : dung, hence barnyard.
KOITTW, aor. eicoi/'a : strike, smite, hammer.
Kopvvxi(ii, aor. subjv. mid. KopfouvTai,
perf. mid. KfKopjftcffa., aor. pass, as
mid. KoptffOrjv (6pos) : satisfy, sate,
with ' genitive of fulness.'
Kopos : sating, satiety.
Kopvcro-co (*6pi>s) : equip with helmet, arm.
| : summit, crest, peak.
: ring or handle of a door ; pi.
sea-gulls.
OO-JI&D, aor. partic. pass. KOfffiriOtvTes :
arrange in order, arrange. Equiv. to
Attic rdffffu.
3 : arranged in order, orderly.
: order, arrangement, building.
Kara. K0fffj.ov, fitly.
KoWw, aor. subjv. mid. KOTtaaerai ( 51
a, d), partic. /coTeo-o-d/xews, perf. partic.
KeKOT-qoTi: am angry, feel sullen anger.
KOTOS: anger, grudge, hate.
KOTvXtjSwv, dat. pi. KOTv\r)8ov6(f>i: sucker.
Ko(v)Xc6v : sheath.
[ic&pi)]: maiden, girl, daughter.
; 3 : wedded.
Kovpos [/c6pos]: youth, young man.
Koupo-rp64>os : nurse of young men. 1 27.
Kov<j>oTpov (KoO^>os): adv. more lightly,
with a lighter heart. 6 201.
KpaSii) (KapSii), cor): heart, as seat of
will, affections, and passions.
Kpcuvcd or Kpa.ia.ivw, aor. imv. Kp^vare,
inf. Kpijvai (possibly, perf. KCKpAavrai):
accomplish, make, perform, rule.
Kpcuirvos : swift.
Kpaiirvws : adv. swiftly.
Kpavaos 3 : rugged, rocky.
Kpdvcia: cornel-tree.
Kpdra : ace. of Ka.pi], head.
Kpa.Ta.ds : miyhty force. X 597.
Kpdraus : mother of Scylla. n 124.
Kparcpos or Kaprtpos, dat. sing. fern.
Kpa.Teprj<pi ( 36 a) 3 : strong, mighty,
stern, grievous. Superl. Kdprwrov.
KpaTp6-4>pwv : strong-minded, great-
hearted.
Kparp-wvv|, -vxos: strong-hoofed, strong-
clawed.
Kparepws : mightily.
Kparsco : hold sway, rule.
Kpards and Kpart: gen. and dat. of
Ka.pi}, head.
Kpdros, -eos: strength, might.
Kparvs: mighty.
Kpc'as, pi. Kpea and xpiara. gen. Kpttuv,
dat. Kpfaffiv: flesh, meat.
Kptio-o-ov : comp. of d.ya66s, good.
v, -OVTOS : ruler, prince, king. evpi>
v, wide ruling.
KpcCuv, -OJTOJ [Kptuv, 26 e] : Creon,
king o,f Thebes. X 269.
Kpciwv: gen. pi. of Kp^xs, meat.
Kp;idvvv(jLi, aor. Kp^ayev : hang.
Kpt|S6(ivov (Kdpij) : veil, head-dress ; hood
of wine-jar, y 392.
KpT]^vo.T : aor. imv. of Kpaiaivw, accom-
plish.
Kpr\-9tv (KdpTj): from (the head) above.
Tsed only with *cord.
60
VOCABULARY TO THE
vs, -7?os : Cretheus. \ 237, 258.
Kpfjvai : aor. inf. of Kpalvw, accomplish.
KptjvT] : spring, fountain.
Kpr\ri] -. Crete, y 191.
KpTjTTJp, -ijpos (icepdvvvpi): mixing-bowl,
bud, in which the wine was mixed
with water before it was served.
Kpt [Kpiffai]: indecl.neut.oartey. Cf. 5w.
KpiOat pi. : barley.
Kptvco, aor. partic. Kpivas, aor. mid. tKpi-
va.ro, perf. partic. cce/cpm^os, pass.
partic. KpivQtire : separate, set apart,
select, arrange, decide.
tcpios : ram.
Kpiros (Kplvu): verbal adj. selected.
KpovtSrjs and Kpovtov, -iwvos : son of
Cronus, i. e. Zeus. 42 e, h.
Kp6ra4>os : temple of the head.
KpvfSSijv (/cpi/TTu) : adv. secretly.
Kpvtpos ((cpiJos, frost): chilling. S 103,
X 212.
tcpvirrw, fut. /cptfi/'w, aor. Kpfyev, perf.
partic. pass. KeKpvu^vov. hide, secrete,
conceal.
Krdvc : aor. of KTtlvw, kill.
KTc'ap, dat. pi. Kre&Tfffffiv -. possessions,
property.
KTO.T(W, aor. partic. (creorttro-as : gain,
acquire.
KTcCvu, aor. (t)KT(ivf(v), (e)KTave(v), and
(KTa, pi. eKTafjLev, inf. Krdfj.evai, aor.
pass. (KTaOev [tKT<i6ri<rav] : slay, kill.
Rarely used of killing beasts.
KTt'pca pi. : offerings made to the dead
and burned on the funeral pyre ;
hence burial rites, funeral honors.
KTcpct^w, aor. subjv. KTepw, inf. *re-
peiai ; also KTp(ci>, aor. opt. urepl-
ffeifv : with cognate ace. KT^pea, wake
offerings to the dead ; hence perform
burial rites.
KTf))ia, -aros (ccrdo/zat) : possession, treas-
ure. Cf. KTrjffiS.
, -ws : property, possession,
^ia, aor. tKriffav : found, build.
: dark blue, dark.
Kvavo-irpwpos and Kvavo-irp<Gpio$: dark-
prowed, darkbeaked.
Kvavos : artificial lapis lazuli, a blue
glass-like composition used in deco-
ration, Egyptian blue-glass.
Kvavo-xaiTT]s : durk-haired. Epithet of
Poseidon. Cf. (Neptune's) l blue-
hair'd deities,' Milton, Comus 29.
Kvav-wiris, -t5os : dark-eyed.
Kuf&pvdcd, aor. inf. KvftfpvTjffai (govern) :
steer, guide.
KvppvTJTT]s and tcvppvT]T^p, -ijpoj (gu-
bernator): helmsman, pilot.
KV^\.<m\rr\p } -ijpos (K^OS, a die, cube):
tumbler, one who turns somersaults.
Ku8d.Xi.fios : glorious, honored.
icvSwrros (/cOSos): most glorious.
KvSos, -eoj : glory, honor.
KvSpos 3 : magnificent, honored.
KvSuvcs pi. : Cydonians. These dwelt
on the N. W. coast of Crete. 7 292.
K\i0 : aor. of icevOu, conceal.
Kudc'pcia: Cijtherean. Epithet of Aphro-
dite, from the following. Cf. Cythe-
rea, Verg. Aen. i. 257, as equiv. to
Venus.
Kv0T]pa pi.: Cythera. Island off the
Lacedaemonian coast, just south of
Cape Malea. A seat of the worship
of Aphrodite.
KUKau, impf. MKO. : stir, confuse.
KVKCWV, ace. KVKeu : posset. A mixture
of wine, honey, barley-meal, and
grated goat's cheese. A 624, K 290.
KVKXOS (cycle): circle. KfaXy, round
about.
[KvK\iiiria pi.: adventures with the
Cyclops.^
KvKXcox};, -WTTOS, dat. pi. KvK\uir{<Tffi
( 39 6) : Cyclops. The Cyclopes were
a mythical race of nomadic and bar-
barous giants. The mightiest and
best-known was Polyphemus. That
these had each but a single eye is
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OP THE ODYSSEY.
61
indicated only by the blindness of
Polyphemus after one eye had been
destroyed. 1 106 ff.
KvXivSu (cylinder): roll.
Kvjia, -arcs : wave, billjw.
Kvjj.aivwv : partic. surging, billuu-y.
Kvvtri (KVWV): (dog-skin cup), cap, helmet.
Kwf'u, aor. Kwe : kiss.
KUV-TJ-YCTTJS : (dog-leader), hunter.
Kvvrtpos (KVWI>): (more dog-like), more
shameless.
icw-wiris, -iSos fern. .- dog-faced, shame-
less.
Kvrrdpio-0-os : cypress.
Kvireipov: cyper-grass. A meadow plant.
KvirtXXov : beaker, cup, goblet.
Kv-n-pos : Cyprus, the well-known island
in the northeast corner of the Medi-
terranean Sea. The mythical birth-
place (and chief seat of worship) of
Aphrodite. 5 83, 6 362.
KVTTTW, aor. opt. Ki/feie : stoop, bend over.
Kvpjia, -arcs: prey, booty.
KvpToio, aor. pass, partic. KvpruOtv. bend;
partic. over-arching.
Kt3(j>6s : bent, bowed. /3 16.
KVWV, nom. pi. Ktfves (canis, hound):
dog, hjund; sea-dog. Dogs were the
scavengers of the camp and of the
city, and often preyed upon the bod-
ies of the slain. They were to the
oriental mind the personification of
shamelessness ; cf. KiWe/sos and KVV&-
TTIS. In the Odyssey the dog is more
companionable ; cf. /3 11, /> 292.
Ktoas, dat. pi. Kueviv: fleece.
KWKVTOS : (shrieking), Cocytus, a branch
of the river Styx in Hades. Cf. Mil-
ton's ' Cocytus named of lamentation
loud | Heard on the rueful stream,'
Par. Lost ii. 579. K 514.
KCOKVU, aor. KUKwev : shriek.
KwTT-q, dat. pi. Kt6irgo-(ii') : hilt of a sword;
handle of an oar, oar.
: leathern wallet, haversack.
Xeias, gen. XSos, dat. pi. Xde<r<ri : stone.
Xd(J [Xo/3e] aor. ind., Xdpfl<riv [Xd0j]
aor. subjv. : of \afj.p&i>u, take, grasp,
seize.
Xa-yxava, aor. e\axov, perf. XX67x r ' v:
receive by lot, receive as my portion;
fall by lot.
Aae'pKT]s : Pylian goldsmith. 7 425.
AeUprris, -ao : Latrtes, son of Arceisius
and father of Odysseus. Apparently
before the Trojan War he resigned
the throne to his son, and when the
Odyssey opens he is living wretchedly
on a farm attended by old slaves,
whose fare he shares, a 189.
AaEpTiaSijs, -ew: svn of Laertes, i.e.
Odysseus.
Xd^ofiai (\a.(j.p&t>u): seize, take.
XcUoxri : dat. pi. of Xaas, stone.
XaOcv [eXa0e] aor. ind., Xafrgo-iv [Xd07?]
aor. subjv. : of \av9dvw, escape notice.
(\av6dvu) : adv. secretly.
pi. : pebbles.
XaiXcuj/, -a;ros : tempest.
Xaivos (\aos): adj. of stone.
Aaio-TpuyMv, -ivos : Laestrygonian.
These were a mythical race of can-
nibalistic giants, K 115f.
Aaio-rpv-yovios 3 : adj. Laestrygonian,
as epithet of the city TTjX&n/Xos. The
nights were so short in this country
that the shepherd as he drove his
flock in from pasture in the evening
met and greeted the man who was
driving out his flock on the following
morning. Possibly this story was de-
rived from the short summer nights
of northern countries. K 82 f.
XcuTfia : depth, abyss, gulf.
AaK8ai(ia>v, -ovos: Lacedaemon, the
famous country of Peloponnesus, in
the basin formed by Mt. Parnon and
Mt. Taygetus (hence Kot\t]). Sparta
62
VOCABULARY TO THE
was its chief town, and the seat of
the king, Menelaus.
Xajipdvw, aor.?X(X)a/3e(v) (46c), Xdpe,
subjv. \dfirifftv [Xd/Jj], mid. eXXdjSero,
\f\aptff6ai ( 46 e) : receive, take, grasp,
seize.
Adjios : founder of the Laestrygonian
city. K 81.
XafrircTdw, partic. \afnreT6wvri (Xd^Tw) :
shine, gleam.
AajiirerCTi : (Shining), a nymph, daugh-
ter of Helius, who tended his cattle.
ft 132.
XavSdvw, fut. Xijeret, mid. X^tro/ixai, aor.
Xd0ev [tXa.Oev'], subjv. \d6rjffi [Xd%],
mid. opt. \a6oifj.r}v, perf. partic. Xe-
(M/Ot)): escape notice; mid.
Aao-Sdpas, -aiTos : a boxer, son of king
Alcinous. 17 170, 0117ff.
Xa6s [Xews]: people, folk, men. The
plural is used like the singular. 26 a.
Xdos : gen. of Xaas, stone.
Xdpos : osprey.
Xapos: sweet, delicious, refreshing.
Xapcoraros : superl. of Xap6s.
Xdorios 3 : shaggy.
XdcrKco, perf. partic. as pres. \e\aicvla :
shout, bark.
Xdxcia: fern, adj., fiat. (Of uncertain
etymology and meaning.)
Xd\vTi : down. X 320.
Xdxvos : wool, i 445.
Xax<iv: aor. partic. of \ay\6.vt>).
X^pT)s, -T/TOS : basin, kettle.
XYW, fut. mid. X^feeu [X^g], aor. t\t-
ZO.TO, <e\fKTo, X^/CTO ( 56), opt. Xeot-
nrjv, imv. X<ffo (Xex-) : lay (doiori) ;
mid. lie (down).
Xfya>, aor. e\c(v, mid. as pass. A^y/nji/,
X^KTO ( 56) (Xe7-) : tell, say, relate,
count.
XfiaCvw, aor. Xeh/wu^Xetos) : make smooth.
Xc(f3<o, aor. inf. Xetfat (libo): pour a
libation. SdKpva Xe/^wv. shedding tears.
Xsijxwv, -wi-os : meadow, mead.
Xeios (lev is) ! : smooth.
\tiirta, fut. Xet'^w, aor. Xhre(i')
mid. \nr&fjLt)i>, perf. XeXei/t/ueVo
depart from, leave behind; mid. am
ie/Z, remain, sometimes with gen. of
separation.
AeicoKpiTos : one of Penelope's suitors ;
a bold, reckless man, slain by Tele-
machus. /3 242, x 294.
\KTO : aor. of \tyu, count.
XcKrpov: couch, bed. The plural is
used in the same sense.
: adv. to the couch.
: aor. inf. of Xo/xjSdvw.
vio. : see Xd<r/cw.
XeXa(T(i,vos : see \av6dvu.
XeXeififitvos : left behind. See Xeliru.
: perf. of \ay-
: aor. mid. of \tyia, lay.
: slender, narrow, delicate.
: Lesbos. Island in the Aegean
Sea, near the west coast of Asia
. Minor. The home of the poets Al-
caeus and Sappho, about the begin-
ning of the sixth century B.C.
Xev-yaXtos : sorry, wretched.
XevKcUvw (Xewcoj): make white.
AcuKo-0'ii : Leucothea, Ino, daughter of
Cadmus, e 333.
XevKos (lux, look) 3: white, gleaming.
XvK-wXvos (wX^ij, ulna, ell): ichite-
armed. (In Homeric dress, the wom-
an's arms were bare ; cf. ir^rXos).
Xevpos (Xetbj): smooth, ij 123.
\evo-o-w (Xev/c6x): see, look, behold.
, dat. pi. \exte<r<ri, \^x effffi: couch,
bed. The plural is used as singular.
, -OVTOS (leo): lion.
aor - Pt- X^^eiev: cease.
: Leda, mother of Helen, Castor,
and Polydeuces (Pollux), and wife of
Tyndareus. The later myth made her
mother also of Clytaemnestra. X 208.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
63
XtjOavw (XiJ07;): cause to forget.
\-f\Qw, mid. impf. X^ero (Xi^ij): escape
notice; mid. forget,. Cf. \av9dvw.
\r\ilo\t.a.i, aor. \ril<r<Ta.To (Xijfs): gain as
booty.
Vfyov : grain in the field.
XT)S, -ISos : booty, spoils of war.
\i]io-TT|p, -Tjpos : free-booter, pirate.
XVjxvBos fern. : vase for ointments or
perfumes. ' It was usually of small
size, and is found with variations of
shape, in all periods of Greek art.
At first \-fiKvdoi seem to have
been short and stout, and
were ointment vases, used
by athletes ; subsequently
they are elongated in shape, . ,
are designed to contain per-
fumes, and are not expected to be
moved about.' (J. H. Wright.)
Af||ivos : island in northern part of the
Aegean Sea ; seat of the worship of
Hephaestus.
Xf|uv : aor. opt. of XT^W, cease.
\-f\trt\. : fut. of \ai>0di>u, escape notice.
Xf|u-0|i(u: will forget, fut. of \av6dvw.
Ar\rta, acc. AIJTW: Leto, Latona,
mother of Apollo and Artemis.
XidL^ofxai, aor. pass, (as mid.) partic.
\iaff0ek : turn aside, withdraw.
Xiapos : mild, gentle.
Ai{3vT| : Libya, the coast-land west of
Aegyptus (the Nile).
X(-ya : adv. with clear tone, shrill.
Xi-ye'iDs : adv. of Xrytfs. Equiv. to \iya.
Xiyupos 3, Xi-yvs, -e?a, -tf: clear-toned.
Xi-yv^Oo-yyos : clear-toned, clear-voiced.
\tr\v : adv. exceedingly, excessively, ical
Xiriv, and in truth, and verily.
XiO' [Xfra] : acc. of Xfs, linen rug.
XCBo^, -a/cos : stony, hard.
Xi0os: adj. of stone, stone.
X(9os: stone, rock.
desire, am eager for.
-fvos : harbor.
] : lake, gulf, water of the sea.
: hunger, famine.
XCvov (linum, linen): (flax), thread,
thread of life as spun by the Fates ;
linen cloth.
Xira: sleekly. Prob. an old instru-
mental or dative form, become an
adverb. \lw Aa^, with olive oil.
Xiirapos: (fat), sleek, shining, comfort-
able.
Xurapdjs : adv. sleekly, comfortably.
Xiirtv [fXiTrc] : aor. of X'TTW, leave.
XCs : fern. adj. smooth.
Xfe, acc. Xtra : linen cloth.
XC<r<rof.ai., aor. 4\\t<rdnT]v, subjv. \iff-r;
(\IT-, litany) : entreat, beseech, beg.
(Never of entreaty addressed to the
gods.)
Xior<r6s 3 : smooth, polished, sheer.
XiTdvevu, aor. AXtrdcewa: entreat, sup-
plicate. See \lffo-ofuu.
XITT| : entreaty, supplication.
\6', X6 : impf. of X6w, wash.
Xo-yos : word, a 56, 393.
Xoeo-0-a.To : aor. of Xotfw, wash, bathe.
Xotrpov [\ovrp6v]: bath.
Xoerpo-xoos (x^w) : adj. bath-p-ntring,
with water for the bath.
XOI^T) (Xe//3b>): libation, drink-offering.
349.
Xovw or Xoe'ca, inf. \ovo-0ai, fut. \otaao-
fjuii, aor. \ovarev, mid. \otaaaro, \o6-
ffavro: wash, bathe; mid. bathe.
X6<}>os : summit, crest of a hill.
Xo\du, partic. \ox6uvTfs, aor. subjv.
Xox'nffonai, partic. \oxTi<r<i{ifvos : lie in
ambush. Followed by an acc. (await
in ambush), in S 670.
Xoxos (X^xo*): ambuscade, place of am-
bush; men in ambush.
Xow, impf. X6e: wash. Cf. Xotfw.
Xv-yos : withe, willow withe.
Xv-ypos 3 : sad, grievous, wretched.
Xv6v [f\60riffa.v'] : aor. pass, of Xi5o>.
XVKOS (lupus): wolf.
64
VOCABULARY TO THE
s, -tos : release.
Xvw, iiripf. mid. Xui/iTji/, fut.
aor. eXwre, X0<re, opt. X&reiei', aor. mid.
Xi/ro, perf. XAujrcu, aor. pass. Xi/fle^
[AMi/joi*] : toose, release, free.
Xtiiov, Xonrepov : neut. adj. 6eWer, pre/-
eraWe.
XWTOS : (1) lotus. A tree bearing sweet
fruit on the African coast of the
Mediterranean. The name is applied
to the fruit as well as to the tree,
i 93 S. (2) clover.
AwTo-j>d-yoi pi. : Lotus Eaters, i 84 ff.
Xw<j>dti>, aor. opt. Xw0i)<re : rest from,
find relief from.
M.
|iaj;<$s: nipple, breast.
: voc. (mammy), old nurse.
(mania): rave, rage.
|iaio|iai, aor. /idercwtfeu : seek; with adv.
tirl, grasp after.
Maipa : Maera. X 326.
liGLKap, nom. pi. fj.aKa.pes, dat. /uaAcdpeo--
<ri(v): blessed, happy.
(ia.KdpTO.TOs: most blessed.
|ia.KcSv6s 3 : /"//. slender.
fiaKpos 3 : long, tall, great, firl naicphv,
over a long distance; fja.Kpd /3t/3ds,
with long strides.
liatcpdrcpos : taller. pao-crov : farther.
\kaKtav -. with a bleating cry, aor. partic.
of fj.riKaofj.aL.
ndXa : adv. exceedingly, very, readily,
thoroughly, by all means. dXXd ^dXa,
but by all means ; 1j /ndXa dri, in very
truth. [idXXov : coin p. more, rather.
(idXiarra : sup. especially, most of all.
: soft, gentle.
ws : adv. softly, comfortably.
MdXcia, MdXctai pi.: Malea, cape of the
southeastern promontory of Lace-
daemon. 7 287, 5 514, 1 80. 40 d.
p.dXicrra, fidXXov : see /j.d\a.
jiov [rfv, 26 a] : in tntth. ot pAv,
surely not.
fiavTvop.ai, fut. fjLavTe^ffOfj.ai (fj.dvris) :
am a prophet, predict, divine.
jiavTT|iov [/iajreroc] : oracle.
gen. /j.dvTijos : seer.
: (gift of) prophecy.
MapaOwv, -wi/os : Marathon, on the east
coast of Attica, famed because of the
defeat of the Persians there, 490 B.C.
(marble): bright stone.
| : twinkling, of the quick
step of the dancers. 265.
(idpvajiai, opt. fjiapvalfjieffa : fight.
(idpirrw, aor. partic. /xdp^as : seize.
p.aprupiT| : testimony, evidence.
fidprvpos (martyr): witness.
Mdpuv, -WTOS: priest of Apollo at Is-
marus in Thrace, i 197.
jido-ao-Oai : aor. of fM.iofj.ai, grasp.
(ido-o-ov : adv. farther. See /xfp6j.
(ido-Ta|, -a/coj : mouth.
, aor. /j.dffTiev -. lash, whip.
J;, -i-yoj fern. : whip.
Mao-TopC8ris : i.e. Halitherses. /3 158.
fiariTj : folly.
\t.ai\r\ : battle, fight, conflict.
: warrior, soldier, fighf.er.
: to be fought, resistible.
and (iax0fiai, fut. partic. /j.a-
Xeoufievov, aor. inf. fiax'/iffaffOai : fight,
contend.
(id\J/ : adv. thoughtlessly, foolishly.
}ia\|nS(<os: thoughtlessly, wantonly.
: adv. qualifying all degrees of
comparison ; greatly, very, far.
: great-siuled.
), aor. subjv. ^e7ijpi?j : grudge ;
refuse through grudge.
s, -eo$ : with vast caverns.
, -opos : great-hearted.
iis, _ e oj (vtvOos) : Megapenthes.
Son of Menelaus. The name was
given to signify the grief of Menelaus
at the loss of faelen. 511.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
65
: wife of Heracles. X 269.
: (large room), great hall of the
house ; pi. palace, halls. A short
vowel is often treated as long before
this word ( 62 i).
^as, pfydXT], \uya.: great, large, tall,
in ighty ; hence daring, rash, neifav
compar., pt-yiffTos superl. ptya and
are used as adverbs.
: (greatness), stature.
: aor. subjv.
: superl. of
fj.t'6o(iai, subjv. nt8i)ai : care for, am
mindful of.
(jicSwv, -orros: counsellor, leader.
Mt'Stuv, -OVTOS : an Ithacan herald, who
served the suitors, but unwillingly.
His life was spared by Odysseus.
S 677, x 357.
(jL0-a.ipa>, iterative aor. /ue0Ae(nce : grasp
after, seize.
|ic0-ciT] : aor. opt.
(JL0-\TK : see
(j.c0-eirw : come (into the midst).
\Lt9-r\tttv : let go, from pc6lii(u.
fj.0-fj(Acu : sit among.
|i0-T|[jLwv, -ows : slack, careless.
\it9- ir\\i.i, ind. (Me6leis, fut. /f0i)<r, aor.
fjx&ijKev, opt. neOdij : let go, give up,
yield.
|x0-i<rTT](ii, fut. /xcToaTTjcrw : (change
position), change.
|i0-opfidw, aor.partic.jteflopjuTjfleij: lunge
after (it).
JW0V (mead): wine.
(ii8dw, aor. nelSrjffcv (smile): smile.
lwv : compar. of M^YSI great, tall.
jitiXi-yjia, -OTOS : dainty portion. fjxt\ly-
fjLara 8vfj.ov : tid-bits for the soul.
(ii\io-(ro(iai : soften, make gentle.
neiAixios (AtAi) 3 : kind, friendly, ap-
peasing.
)xipop.ai, perf. tfj.u.op(, pass. tifjMpro
(fMipa, /u^pos): receive a share; perf.
pass. & is fated, decreed.
\uivt [ffxivf] : aor. of fdvu, remain.
jitis, gen. /x?7^6j : month. No names of
the months are mentioned by Homer.
fit'XaOpov, gen. /ieXaflpA-^ip ( 36 a) : ceil-
ing, roof, rafter.
p.c'Xa$, pcXcuva, p.t'Xav : black, dark.
|i<\'ST]|ia, -aroj : care, anxiety.
(itXtio-Ti (/x^Xos): (limb-wise), limb from
limb. 1 291.
jj.dA.eos 3 : adv. m vain, vain.
(i^Xi, -ITOS (mel): honey.
= fern. adj. honey-toned.
s, -ts -. adj. honey-sweet.
fieXi-Kpr|Tov: (honey-mixture), honey and
milk. Offering to the dead and to the
nether gods. K 519, X27.
}uXuro-a: bee. v 106.
|uX(-4>pci>v, -ows ((f>p-i)v): (honey -hearted),
heart-cheering, refreshing.
w : am destined, am about. /tAXeu
ai> 15/jxvai, doubtless you know;
U-oj 55' f/j.tJLfvai, doubtless this
house was ; fj.t\\er dKove/Mev, probably
you heard.
jitXos, -oj, dat. pi. nf\effffi: member,
limb.
HXirw : sing to the lyre, sing.
p.t\<a, fut. fjteXriffei, perf. (as pres.) ^~
fj.rj\f, plpf . fienri\fiv ( 33 k) : am a care,
trouble, am famed. The object of
concern is in the nom., and the person
who feels the concern in the dative.
|U|j.aacri(v) pi., partic. /te/iu>s, plpf. as
impf. ^/Mffav (^/os): am eager.
IX^IIJKOV: plpf. with ending of impf.,
from /j.riKdo/jMi, bleat.
: plpf. as impf. of yti^w- 33 k.
i : remember. See fjn^ffKu.
Mcp,vwv, -ofos : Memnon, Aethiopian
prince, son of Tithonus and Eos (the
Dawn). 5187f., X 522. He came
to aid the Trojans after the Amazons,
but was slain by Achilles to avenge
the death of Antilochus.
: plpf. as impf. of nvKdo^at, low.
66
VOCABULARY TO THE
\i.lv : a weaker form of fj.ru>. (I) Indeed,
in truth ; (2) correlative with 6<f, help-
ing to mark the contrast between two
clauses. Cf. (itrroi.
(itveatvo*, ILOT. nevffivanev: desire eagerly ;
rage, am angry.
MevtXaos : Menelaiis, king of Sparta,
son of Atreus, brother of Agamem-
non, and husband of Helen. He
wandered for eight years after the
capture of Troy before returning
with Helen to his home. The Fourth
Book of the Odyssey gives an account
of the visit paid by Odysseus's son
Telemachus to Menelaus at Sparta.
[iv|j.ev [fttveiv] : inf. of fiivu.
(xe'vcos [ntvovi\ : gen. of ntvos.
(jLv-irr6X|ios : firm in battle, brave.
lvo-iKT|s, -<?s: heart-satisfying, pleasing.
pievoivdu), aor. fj.evoiin)(rev, opt. fjavoiv/iaeL :
have in mind, plan, wish.
|ivos, -os : might, courage, prowess,
wrath.
Mt'vrqs : a Taphian king, in whose guise
Athena visited Telemachus. a 105.
Mc'vrwp, -opos : Mentor, an old Ithacan
friend of Odysseus, to whom the
latter commits his house when he
departs for Troy. /3 225. In his guise
Athena accompanies Telemachus on
the journey to Pylus. /3401ff. (From
this comes the English use of mentor.)
(iv<o, inf. fiev^nev, fut. fjxvtw, aor. %neiva:
remain, wait, await.
: an Ephyraean. a 259.
>, aor. fj.ep/j.^pi^a ( 51 i) : am
undecided, am in perplexity, ponder.
jj^pfiis, -i0oj : cord.
(io-6-8|iTj (5eM-) : (mid-structure), mid-
beam, mast-hold. A strong timber
running across ship, into a hollow of
which the mast was raised. Possibly
in /3 424, the hold, the space between
the fore and aft decks of the Homeric
ship where the rowers also sat.
s (medius)3: middle, midst.
, in the midst; fiforj dyopy, in
the midst of the assembly ; pfoov larbv.
the middle of the mast.
jito-cr-axiXos : mid-yard, i.e. yard in the
center of a tract of territory ; in
AC 435, the Cyclops' cave and the yard
about it.
|i<r<riryvs [/xrrai)]: adv. between.
(WTO. : adv. and prep, among. (1) With
dat., in the midst of, with. (2) With
ace., into the midst of, after, perd
ofj erdpoifftv, among his comrades, of
his comrades ; t^ra dyopy, in the as-
sembly; fjiera \epffiv, in their hands;
fj.er IX VM (after) in the steps; eppi\f/e
fj.er d/j.(f>iiro\ov, threw to a maid;
ir\t<av perd xa\ic6v, sailing after (i.e.
to fetch) copper. As an adv. and
in composition, /jxrd often signifies
change.
, aor. imv. utrdfitiOi : pass on,
change the theme.
vci), aor. /j.refto>j\fvffav: change
my plan.
|iTa-STJ|uo$ (drjfj.0^): adj. in the land,
at home.
tura-Sopirios: ndj.during supper. Equiv.
to fj-erd S6p7r<f). S 194. 59 a j3.
(xcra-KidOo) : go among, visit.
(XTaXXda>, aor. inf. /j.eTa\\rjffai : ask,
inquire.
|xra(jicovios : in vain, useless.
fiTa-vio-<ro(jLai : turn to go, pass.
(i6Ta--n-p-n-u> : am conspicuous, am pre-
eminent among.
fUTa(ro-ai (fj-erd) pi. : the middle-born
lambs, i.e. neither the oldest nor the
youngest of the flock, t 221.
vw : (groan after), repentantly
bewail.
w : fut. of fiMfnyu.
>(>>, aor. subjv. fj.eTa<TTptywffiv:
(turn about), change, bring calamity.
|iT-avSd<i>, impf.(UT7;y5wi': speak among.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
)UTd-<|>Ti|ii, impf.
speak among.
jiTd-4>pvov : upper part of the back,
back.
(ira-({>wvw : speak among.
|iT-ceiiri : aor. of fj-erd^iffu.
jjttT-ijj,i (el/jd) : am among.
HT-&.6oi : aor. of /JXT^PXO/J.CU.
fitT-cirtira : adv. afterwards, next.
|MT-tpxo|iai, aor. opt. iJxrtXOoi : come
into the midst of; follow after, seek
after.
jjtT-<j>n : impf. of (JXTd<f>rjtJ.i.
p.6T-T|v5a : impf. of fj.era.vddw.
(AT-oixo|iai : go on a quest, go to fetch.
fxT-6in.o-6(v): adv. behind, later, after-
wards.
|UTpeu>, aor. partic. (j-erp-fiffavres : meas-
ure, hence traverse.
\Urpov : measure, ypris utrpov, youth ;
SP/J.OV /ji^rpov, roadstead.
pcTuirov : forehead.
|icv [/uoO] : gen. of tyia.
H^: negative. (1) Adv. not, used in
commands, n^ p* KartpvKf, do not de-
tain me; P.TJ diarplfiwuev, let us not
delay; in wishes, JUT; <r Pa<ri\rja TTOIT?-
<reiei>, may he not make thee king; in
final clauses, in conditional clauses,
in conditional relative clauses, and
with the infinitive except in indirect
discourse. (2) Conj. that not, lest.
/tij TIS fua/jiftir], lest some one should
blame.
(iTj-Sc : but not, and not, not even, nor.
fjLiidt . . . fjujdt (and not . . . and not),
not even . . . nor.
jiT|5ojiai, fut. /MJiffeat, aor. (^)^<roro :
contrive, plan, devise.
fifjSos, -cos : plan, thought, device.
Hif|8os, -cos: (virilia), nakedness.
fiTjKaonai, aor. partic. /MKUV, plpf. with
impf. ending and meaning ^fj.i)Kov -.
bleat.
s, -d5os : fern. adj. bleating.
: adv. TIO more, no longer.
: adv. (longest), at last.
: tallest, superl. of na.Kp(n.
, -eos, length, height, stature.
p,fj\a pi. : small cattle, flocks of sheep
and goats.
p.T]X<T) : apple-tree. ,
(ifjXov (uialum, melon): apple.
jxTjX-oxj/, -OTTOS : (apple-faced), golden.
jx^jv : asseverative particle, indeed, in
truth, verily.
H^v, gen. nrjv6s : month. See /xeis.
, -aros : cause of wrath.
: wrath, enduring anger.
i. : thigh-pieces, offered
in sacrifice to the gods.
jiT]p<Js: thigh.
(j.T]px)0)j.cu, aor. fjujptiffavro : furl.
(iTJo-Tup, -wpos : counsellor.
(iVj-Tt : and not. n^re . . . n-fire, neither
. . . nor.
JITJT^P, gen. yaijr^pos, fj.rrrp6s : mother.
|XT)Tidw, partic. pfrijwra : devise.
JJITJTIO-CIS, -tKTos : full of counsels, effica-
cious.
fiT)Tio(iai, aor. tfjujTiffavro : devise, con-
trive, plan.
(ifjTis, -os : wisdom, counsel, device.
(j.Tjxava.ofia.1 (fi.-i)xdi>i)) : devise, plan.
I 1 'ix o s> eos : remedy, relief.
jiia : fern, of els, one.
. : unite. 6 271.
, (ii-yvu(ii : see /jdvyu.
: small, little.
|ii\To-irdpj]os : red-cheeked, of ships
with bows painted with verinillion.
while the hull in general was painted
black or dark.
Mjias, -airos: mountain range on the
Er yth raean peninsula, opposi te C h i < >.< .
7172.
Hi|ivr|<rKo), fut. fjurfvei, mid. (i.vri<rbiie6a.<
aor. e^v77<ros, mid. fju>Ji<ra.To, pert. mid.
/jL^fj.injTai, aor. pass. inf. fjun)<r9TJvai :
remind; mid. recall to mind, recol-
68
VOCABULARY TO THE
lect, mention; perf. remember. To
remember the return was nearly equiv.
to enter upon the return ; to bethink
one's self of one's prowess was to
exercise it.
(Aifjivw (fjitvu): remain, await.
|i(v (enclitic): 3 pers. pron. ace. sing.,
him, her, it. Equiv. to Attic avrbv,
airr-fiv, ai/nS (or even avrd).
Mivvcios : adj. Minyan. X 284.
|xivv9<i> : (minish), icaste away, pine.
pivvvGa : adv. for a little time.
(uvwOdSios : adj. short-lioed.
|Aivx)po> : (whine), lament.
Mtvus, -wos : Minos, king of Crete while
he lived on earth, and after death
ruler in the realm of Hades. Father
of Ariadne and Deucalion. X 322,
568.
Hio-yw, subjv. mid. niffyijrai, impf. faur-
y&fj.e0a, fut. /j.le<r()ai, aor. act. ffj.iav,
mid. ZfUKTo ( 56), perf. partic. fj.efj.iy-
ntvov, aor. pass, as mid. (f)fj.tyr), ulyev
[tnWriffav], subjv. myel-gs ( 54 d),
opt. /juyelri, inf. fuyrj vat, partic. fuyeiffa :
mix; mid. mingle, unite with, join
with, associate with.
|juo-06s : pay, wage.
(uo-TvXXw : cut into small pieces.
p,vdo|iai, inf. /j.vda<T0ai ( -50 c), impf.
/jivaovro (cf. fj.i/j.v^<TKu): am mindful,
think on ; woo.
livfjpwv, -OTOJ : adj. mindful.
|Avf|crai, \Lvf\<ra.ro : see HI/J.V^(TKU.
(Avr]<rTviw, aor. partic. fivrjffTftio'avTes :
woo, sue for.
(iv^o-T^j : fern. adj. wooed, wedded.
p.vT)o-TT|p, -^pos (/jivdofMi) : wooer, suitor.
vs, -tfoj : wooing, suit. 39 c.
: partic. wooing. See fjLi>do/j.au.
calling to mind, partic. of
fjiva.oiJ.ai.
cci), aor. nbyijffa : toil.
: adv. ioi<A difficulty, at last.
p.oipa : /die, J0, portion, /card fioipav,
according to due allotment, fittingly.
ypta pi.: adultery-forfeits, pen-
alty for one taken in adultery. C/.
fo)ci7pia, life-forfeits.
jioXovres : aor. partic. of /SXuxrKw, come.
HoXirrj (/xeXTrw, Melpomene) : song, some-
times including the instrumental ac-
companiment, and even the dance.
|iopos (^pos, /uotpa): /<e, Zo.
(jLopcrifjios : adj. destined, fated.
^op4>t| ; form, grace.
jxouvd| (^oOvos): adv. singly, alone.
[lovvos [/io^os]: alone.
fiovcra : muse.
(xoxXos : 6r, Zeer, #oZe.
(xvX6-eis, -e^-os : adj. marrowy.
(xvtXos : marrow.
|Av06Ofjiai, 2 pers. fivd^ai, fivOelai ( 50/),
fut. nvBtfo-ofjiai, aor. nvO-^ffaro : relate,
tell, say, declare.
(xv0os : word, speech, saying ; plot, 5 070,
777. C/. CTTOS. (X67os is used but
twice in Homer.)
(ivKdo|xai, plpf . as impf. yuejutfrn*' : low,
of cattle.
p.vKT]6|i6s : lowing, of cattle.
MVKTJVT] : (1) Mycene, daughter of Ina-
chus, who gave her name to (2)
Mycenae, the seat of Agamemnon's
rule in Argolis.
: mill, a hand-mill consisting of
an upper and a nether mill-stone,
the upper fitted to turn upon the
lower, and crush the grain between
them. This was an advance upon the
still more primitive mode of crushing
the grain by pounding in a mortar
or between two stones. Large stone
mills to be turned by animals may
be seen at Pompeii. Cf. ' Two women
shall be grinding at the mill,' Matt.
xxiv. 41. Grinding was the service
of the lowest menials. Cf. Samson's
words of himself in Milton's Samson
FIRST TWKLVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
69
Agonistes 41, ' Eyeless in Gaza at the
mill with slaves,' and again (ib. 415)
'these rags, this grinding'; and Ha-
rapha's words (ib. 1101) 'to grind |
Among the slaves and asses thy
comrades.'
jiv\T|-<j>aTos : mill-crushed, ground.
[ivpioi, neut. /jivpia. pi. (myriad): count-
less, untold. (With this accentuation
the word retains in Attic its earlier
meaning, while /xtfpwi is used for
10,000.)
Mvp|uS6v$ pi.: Myrmidons, a Thessa-
lian people under Aclulles's rule.
|ivpo|iai : weep, grieve, lament.
(ivxos : recess, innermost part.
|iuXu : malt/, a magic herb, with black
root and white flower. K 305. Cf.
' More medicinal is it than that moly
| That Hermes once to wise Ulysses
gave,' Milton's Comus 636.
^(ojjLtvw : blame, censure.
(j.oi(j.os : blame.
N.
vaC : affirmative particle, yes.
vauTau, fern, partic. vaifrouff^ ( 50 c) :
dwell, inhabit, fj.4ya.pa e5 vaicrdovTa,
halls good to dwell in, comfortable.
'Ifld/cTjs vaierouffys, while Ithaca (re-
sides) exists; vijffoi vaterdovffi, islands
lie.
vaioj, inf. vaitnev, aor. v&oaa : dwell, in-
habit; aor. causative, gave to dwell
in, gave as residence.
vaiov : flowed, impf. of vaiw.
Nax>poX8T]s : a Phaeacian. 6 116.
vavi-Xoxos (X^x*): (with resting-places
for ships), ship-protecting.
Nava-lOoos: father of Alcinous, and
leader of Phaeacians. f 7 ff . , T; 56 ff . ,
0565.
Na.xicri.KCLa : Nausic.aa, the beautiful
daughter of the Phaeacian king, who
leads the shipwrecked Odysseus to
her father's house. flTff., 77 12,
457 ff.
vav<ri-K\iT6s and vavo-ticXuTos (irXlos):
renowned for ships, sea-man, sea-
faring.
Naurevs : (Skipper), a Phaeacian. 112.
vavTi^s (mOs): sailor, seaman.
vavriXCtj : seamanship, sailing.
vavriXXofxai, aor. subjv. vavrlXXtrai :
navigate, voyage, sail.
vdo>, impf. vatov. flow.
via. : ship, ace. of vyfa.
Ncaipa : nymph, wife of Helius. /* 133.
vtfBpos : fawn.
v^s ; ships, pi. of mjtfj.
vtTj-YCv^js, -^J : new-born.
aWas] : masc. young.
s, -i5os (v^os): fern, young.
: subjv. of ixfo/xat, return.
veiai : 2 sing, of VO/JMI, return.
veCaros (vtot): last, outermost.
viiKc'o), impf. veiKce, aor. velK<re(v) (vtiKos) :
revile, rebuke, chide.
VIKOS, -eos : strife, quarrel.
vti(iov : aor. imv. of vipu, distribute.
vi6s (vtos): (new ground), fallow
land.
vcirai : returns. See V(OJJMI.
: corpse, dead body, dead.
, -apos : nectar, the drink of the
gods.
[NcKvia (VKVS) pi.: adventures in the
country of the dead.]
, -vos, dat. pi. vfKfaffffi, vticvffffi : pi.
the dead. Cf. vexpbs.
vtfo.ecrd.oj, mid. vffjxaau>fj.ai, fut. ve/jLeff^fftai,
aor. vefifff^ffji, mid. opt. ve/j.e<rff^ffaiTo,
pass. ve/jiewfiOr] (vtfuffu) : am indig-
nant, am wroth, think a matter of
blame, scruple.
vc|u<r(o|iai : am indignant; fear the
blame of, with direct object.
v(i<ris : matter for blame, ground for
censure.
70
VOCABULARY TO THE
vfp.eorcrd.Tai,
see ve/jxffdu.
vt'jio), raid. vt/jiea.i, aor. imv. vel/jMv. dis-
tribute, apportion ; tend my flock ;
mid. divide, share; inhabit, manage;
of cattle, graze.
vo--yiX6s 3 : new-born, young, /x 86.
v6-8apTos (Sfyw): newly-flayed. 8437.
ve'ojiai, 2 sing, mat, subjv. v^rai, impf.
vft>n.i)v : go, shall go, return. Some-
times used as future.
v&>v (vtfoj) : adv. just now, just, lately.
vo-irv0^s, -& : in neio grief.
vto-irXvros : newly washed.
vo-irpio-Tos : newly sawed, lately carved.
Nfo-itT6Xn,os : Neoptolemus, the Pyr-
rhus of later story, son of Achilles.
X 506, 7 189, 5 5. Vergil calls him
by both names ; cf. Aen. ii. 491, 500.
vt*os 3 : yoyng, fresh, new. Compar. vew-
repos, superl. peciraToj.
vfrroScs pi. : offspring. S 404.
Wp0v : adv. with gen., beneath.
: son of Nestor, y 36, 5 71.
, -opos : Nestor, king of the
Pylians, noted for his age, wisdom,
eloquence, and skill in marshalling
the army for battle, y 32 ff., X 512.
vevptfj, gen. vevprftfuv (neur-algia): nerve;
(sinew), bow-string.
vvo-Ta : nod, motion.
vva>, impf. vfvov. nod, motion.
v<j>tXi] (vt<pos): cloud.
vi$i\-T\fipi-rQ. (ayeipu): cloud-gatherer.
37 b. Epithet of Zeus.
v"4>os, -eos (nubes): cloud.
vt'w : swim. Cf. rf)\ta.
vt'w, aor. mid. irfffavro : spin.
ycW : gen. pi. of v6>y, young.
vtwv : gen. pi. of vyCs, ship.
vcwraros : see v^oj.
vi)a [vaOv]: ace. of io;0s, ship.
vT]d-8 (XT/OJ): adv. to the ship.
vfJYP TO S (tyftpu): without waking, sound,
deep, v 74, 80.
: sweet, refreshing, of sleep.
(Probably for /rijdv/xos.)
vrjSws, -i5oj : belly.
vTJ<r<ri [voffft] : dat. pi. of vrjtfs.
vqidSts fern. pi. (vdw): Naiads.
N^jiov : usually thought to be a minor
peak of the range N-f/pirov on Ithaca.
v^ios (vrjfo): adj. of a (our) ship.
vqis, -i5os (fiS-, oJSa): inexperienced,
unskilled; construed with the geni-
tive.
vrjXe^s, -& (eXeoy): pitiless.
Nr^Xtxis, -rjos : Neleus, son of Poseidon
and father of Nestor. 7 4, 409, X 254,
281.
NTiXijidSiis, -do: son of Neleus, Nestor.
Ni]XVji.os: adj. of Neleus, Nelean.
V^XTJS, dat. vi)\ti : adj. pitiless.
vTj|ia, -aroj (vtw): (that which is spun),
yarn.
vr\\uprts and vT]|icpT(i>s : adv. truly.
vi]|ipTTJs, -^$ : adj. unfailing, sure, true.
VIV(XTJ (dve/nos): windless, calm.
vrj6s [vews]: temple.
vi)6s [vetis]: gen. of mjus, ship.
vT]-irv6^s, -& : freeing from sorrow.
Cf. ' Not that Nepenthes, which the
wife of Thone | In Egypt gave to
Jove-born Helena,' Milton's Comus
675. 5221.
], acc. pi. njiridaj : childishness.
(5x^", act childishly.
TTos, infans): (speechless),
young, childish, foolish, p^ya VTJTTLOS,
great fool.
vij-iroivos : with impunity, without rec-
ompense, unavenged.
N^jpiTov -. mountain of Ithaca, i 22.
vrjo-avTo : aor. of vtu, spin.
vfjeros : island.
vi]T6s : heaped up.
, gen. iij6s, acc. vrja, vta, nom. pi.
vfjes, v^es, dat. pi. v^tffffi, vr)v<ri [vavs.
26 a] : ship, boat. The boats were
drawn up on land, and the tents
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
71
pitched near them. So irapa
became equiv. to in the camp.
VT|X, inf. vijxtfj.eva.1, mid.
fut. vr)i-o(Mi. : swim. Cf. vtw.
vio>, mid. vio/J.ai (viirrw): wash.
VIKO.W, impf. dvtKo., iterative viKaa-Ko/iev,
aor. vtKr/ffa : conquer, excel, prevail,
(jain the victory, am victorious.
vtKT] : victory.
v(irTO|iai, aor. inf. vtycuyOai. : wash.
vio-crojiai (V{O(JLCU) : return.
vi<JHT6s (vi<jx>s) : snow storm, snow.
voe'co, fut. vo-f)<rii), aor. (t)v6r)(ra (coCs) :
perceive, look, observe, devise.
voT](ia, -OTOS : thought, plan.
Norjfxwv, -ow>s : anlthacan. /3 386, 5630.
VOT|(XWV, -coos : thoughtful, considerate.
vs, -7705 : herdsman, shepherd.
: herd, tend.
vojxos : pasture. vo^vSe, to pasture.
voos and vovs, gen. vtnio, v6ov : mind,
thought, heart. In a 3, Horace trans-
lated it mores, vby, prudently.
vo<TTw, fut. voffTTjfffiv, aor. Opt. WCTTTJ-
ffeie : go, return, go home.
v6<rri(ios : of return, returning, capable
of return, to return. vbaniMv ^/xp,
day of return, a periphrasis tor return;
see 10 e.
vdo-ros: voyage, way, return.
v6o-4>i(v): adv. aloof, apart from, away.
Construed with genitive.
vo<r4>(o|j.ai, aor. vo<r<(>iffaro, partic. vo-
ff<piffffan^vijv, pass, as mid. voff(f>i<r6eis :
turn away (from).
vdnov : neut. as subst., the wet, the sea.
NOTOS : Notus, the south wind.
vov<ros [v6(7os] : disease, sickness. rov<rov
At6j, disease (of) sent by Zeus.
vv (vvv): enclitic, a weak now. Cf. the
English inferential now in 'Now it
came to pass.'
-f5os (v6): bat.
: bride, nymph, young woman.
vvfj.<f>a (Aeolic form) <f>i\-n, dear lady.
: bridegroom, newly-married.
vvv : now, at the present time. It often
is contrasted not with time future or
past, but with an hypothetical case.
vt>, gen. vvKT6s (nox): night.
wos (nurus): son's wife.
vva-tra.: starting-point, scratch-line.
vwi, dat. vmv (nos): dual pers. pron. ,
we two.
: > : of US two.
s : unceasingly, steadfastly.
vwjidu, impf. fi'w/j.wv, aor. vufiijo-tv :
distribute, move this way and that,
wield, guide.
viovxifivos (6vofj.a, cf. dv<i>vv/ju>s) : name-
less, inglorious.
VWTOV : back. Plural is used as singular.
av06s : tawny, tawny-haired.
|ivr|iov : gift of hospitality, guest-gift.
^eivi^w, fut. eiviff<ro,u.ev : have as guetft,
receive hospitably, entertain.
$tiviov. gift of hospitaliti/.
c(vios: adj. of strangers, of guests.
^eivo-SoKOs (8fKO/j.ai) : host.
|<lvos [^voy, 26 d] : guest-friend, friend,
guest,, stranger.
iw>6s] : dry. tpbv ^velpoio, the
(dry) firm mainland.
f^w): hewn, polished.
', aor. &<r<re : hew, shape, polish.
i<}>os, -os: sword, long-sword.
v\ov : wood. Plural as singular.
v\-ox<>s (fX w ) : thicket.
v(A-p<iX.Xw, aor. mid. ^/SX^ro : bring
together; aor. mid. met.
|v(t-iras, ace. pi. ^v^vavra : all.
|vv: prep, with dat., with. See <r<i.
|w-^p-yw : bind together.
^uv-eifii, fut. ffvvtfforOai : am icith.
|vv<rts : junction.
uv-hi|u, aor. vt>fro : listen, hearken,
hear.
72
VOCABULAKY TO THE
O.
6, t|, r6 (nom. pi. rot, rat, and oi, ai):
(1) dem. this, that; freq. used for
the personal pron., he, she, it. 6 ptv
. . . 6 St, one (the one) . . . the other.
(2) Definite article the, which is gen-
erally distinctly demonstrative (this,
that) in force. 45 g.
8, TJ, r6, nom. pi. rot: relative pron.,
who, which, what. See 6s.
8: conj. equiv. to 8n, that. Cf. quod.
(obelisk): spit for roasting meat.
-irdTpT] : mighty-fathered, i.e.
daughter of a mighty father.
6f3pi[ios : mighty, heavy.
c^Sca/ros (octavus) eighth.
8 -yt, rj ^, TO -yt : intensive of 6, >}, 7-6,
this, that; he, she.
'VX VT 1 : pear-tree, pear.
oSaia pi. (656s) : wares.
68dt (5d.Kvw): adv. with the teeth.
o8, qSe, To8, dat.pl.To?(r5e, Tolff8e<r(ff)t(v)
dem. this, this one here.
68trr)s (656s): way-farer.
68(1, Vj (odor): odor, stench.
686s fern. : way, journey.
680 vs, gen. 656PTOS (dens): tooth.
68vvrj (an-odyne) : pain, pang.
oSvpojiai, aor. subjv. 6dGperai : bewail,
lament, complain.
['O8vroria: Odyssey. Originally a fern,
adj. of Odysseus, construed with
iro/ij<ris.]
'O8wr(<r)vs, -??os ( 39 d), ace. 'OSvcra-rja,
'OSvffffta: Odysseus, Ulixes, Ulysses,
an Ithacan, the hero of the Odyssey,
father of Telemachus. He was one
of the wisest of the Achaean leaders,
and is called TroXvrpoTroj (shifty),
iro\tfj.7]Tis (crafty), and Tro\vfj.Tr)xavos
(abounding in devices).
6Sv<ro-op.at., aor. ddfoao ( 47.;), perf. (as
pres.)<55w5wrTat: am angry, am wroth.
: plpf. as impf. of 6fa.
oSuSvorrai : perf. of 6dvcrffo/j.ai.
6'ccrcri : dat. pi. of fits, sheep.
6?os: branch.
o, plpf. as impf. 65w5v : am odorous.
6dfj.i) ddwdeiv, odor rose fragrantly.
o-0v : adv. whence.
o-0i [o5] : adv. where. 3fi b.
606 vai pi. : linen webs.
ot : encl. , dat. 3 pers. pron. , him, her.
ola. -. adv. as. See ofos.
ofyvvfAi, aor. ut|e : open.
otSa perf. as pres., 2 sing. olaOa. (olSas,
a 337), pi. tS/j.ev [ftr/uev], Icrrf, tffdffi,
subjv. et'Sw, opt. elSdrjs, imv. foffi,
inf. tSfiev(ai), partic. et'Scis, idvTa, plpf.
^5ea, 3 sing. rfSt) and -^eiSei, 3 pi. foav,
fut. efoea.i and ei'Svjcms, inf. eldrjfftfjxv
(fiS-, wit): know. iceSva idvia (knowing
faithful things'), failhf id-hearted; 6\o-
0wia et'Scis, wily. The partic. is some-
times construed with the genitive.
ot8e'u>, impf. y5ee : am swollen.
OtSwroSiis, -5ao: Oedipus. \ 271.
oftai [ofg] : 2 sing, of ofo/xcu, think.
oUo-criv : dat. pi. of fits, sheep.
6ivp6s (6iftfs) 3 : wretched, miserable.
Superl. 6tfi)ptiraTos.
oijvs, -tfos: suffering, misery, woe.
oi^vco, aor. partic. <5ifforas: endure misery.
olrjiov : rudder. Plural as singular.
(o?/cos): adv. homeward.
vs, -?;os (ol/cos): servant, sZae.
), impf. <>/cet : dwell, live.
pi. : Aome, dwelling.
oHico-0i : adv. af home.
ollicoi : adv. ai home.
v-Se : adv. to (his) home. 36 d.
(foiK-, vicus, -wick in Nortuic^):
house, home, dwelling, estate.
O!!KTIO-TOS : superl. of oi'/cT/)6s.
oticTos : pity, compassion.
olKTp6s, neut. pi. as adv. ofcrpd, compar.
oiKTpdrepa, superl. olK.rpor6.rt]v and
olKTiffTos : pitiful, miserable.
otjiTj: (way), lay, song.
FIKST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
73
aor. <ij/j.u>t;ei>, aor. partic.
(of/not): groan.
6\.v : ace. sing, of &s, sAeep.
otvo-papiu : am heavy with wine.
olvo-ircSos : adj. of the vineyard.
otvo-iroT<icD (TTOTTJS): drinA; w>ine.
olvo-iroTTJp, -ijpos : wine-drinker.
otvos (foivr , vinum, wine): wine.
olvo-\ow and oivo-\otvu, aor. oiV
<rai (x^w): powr OH wine, pour out.
olvo-\6os (x^ w ) : cup-bearer, butler.
olv-o\|/, -OTTOS : wine-colored, dark.
olo [oC] : gen. of possessive pron. 8s, Aer.
cloaca and ofw, aor. oiffaro, pass, as mid.
uiffQi) ( 53 d) : think (of), have an
idea, have a presentiment, conjecture.
oLo-ir-oXos: lonely, desolate.
oios and olos : gen. of tos, sheep.
otos 3 : alone, by (my) self.
olos 3 : relative pron. of quality, of what
sort, what kind of, what, as; with
TOWS to be supplied, such as with in-
finitive, olov, neut. ace. as adv., how.
ois, gen. oWj, 6u>s, ace. 6iv, pi. norn. dies
(owes?), dat. 6ifffffiy, 6e<Tfft, ace. 8is
(3/:ts, ovis, eioe): sheep. 27 a.
oto-aro : aor. of dio/utu.
ol<re'|uv(ai): aor. inf. of 0^pw.
olo-0a : 2 sing, of ol5o, know.
6io-Tvw, aor. partic. 6w7-ei;<ras : s/ioo< an
arrow, shoot.
OIO-TOS: arrow.
ol<rv'ivos 3 : of willow, willow.
oCo-wv : fut. partic. of <ptpw, bring.
olros : fate, lot, destruction.
Ol\a.\i.iv<s,-rjo$: Oechalian, fromOixa^^.
a town in Thessaly.
ol\Wo> : come, return. Frequentative
of ot^o/Mi, like 0op^w of <^pw.
ot\o|iai, impf. $x er ' 9i owi gone.
oiw : think. See 6ionai.
6wv : gen. pi. of 6is, sheep.
ouovos : bird of prey, bird of omen, bird.
oKpio-cis, -eo-ffa : jagged, rough.
OKTW : numeral, eight.
3 : eighteenth.
oXf3u>s : happy. X/3ia, neut., happiness.
oXpos: happiness, good-fortune.
o\0pos (6\\vfu): death, destruction.
oXcKw (6\\vfj.i): destroy, kill.
oXe'o-ai : aor. inf. of 6\\v/ju, destroy.
oXi-yti-irtX^wv: partic. with little strength,
in a faint.
oXi-yTi-ircXCi] : faintness, faint.
6Xi-yos 3 : little, small. 6\iyov, adv.
oXXvfj.i, pass, partic. 6\\vnti>ui>, fut. 6X6r-
<r, aor. wXecra, 6\ffffa, mid. 6\6nrjv,
u\fTo, perf. flXwXe : ruin, destroy, kill,
lose; mid. and perf., am destroyed,
perish, die.
6XoXvi;w, aor. 6X6Xi<e: raise the voice,
utter a cry.
oXovro: perished, aor. mid. of 6\\vfu.
46 a.
0X065 3 : destructive, deadly.
oXo6-4>p<ov, -OKOS (<t>p-fiv): baleful-minded,
malicious.
6Xo<{>vpo|jiai, aor. 6Xo0(Jpao : complain,
lament ; commiserate-
6Xo4>wios : destructive. 6Xo0aua pi. wiles,
tricks.
oXowraros : accursed, superl. of 6Xo6s.
'OXv^irios : Olympian.
"OXv|ros : Olympus, a high mountain
on the boundary between Macedonia
and Thessaly; the abode of the
gods.
oXwXc : has perished, perf. of 6\\vfju.
cw, aor. 6nd8i]<ra.v : raise a din,
make a hubbub.
: din, hubbub.
: even, smooth.
6p.apTe'a>, aor. opt. 6/jLapr^ffeiev: keep pace,
go equally swift.
ouPpos (imber): rain, storm.
oix-^-ycpVjs, -^s (dyelpu) : assembled, to-
gether.
ofi-TiXiKiTj: (of the same age), an abstract
collective,/eWoM>s, comrades. It some-
times refers to a single person.
74
VOCABULARY TO THE
^w, impf. 6fj.i\fti>, aor. opt. 6fj.l\^ffeiei>:
assemble, meet, associate with.
: throng.
|i|ia, -arcs : eye.
ci|ivv|u, aor. (5(j.offa, 6/wffev, irnv. 8/ji.offoi>,
6fj.6ffffa.Te, inf. 6/*6<r<rcu : swear.
6|i6-6v : from the same spot.
ojiouos : impartial, common.
ofioLos 3 : liii:
6|ioi6a>, aor. pass, ofioiud-^/jievai : make
like; pass, claim to be like.
, mid. impf. w/^/ry VVVTO, aor.
s, : wipe away.
6(165 3 : like, common.
dfioo-av ind., ofxocrov imv., 6p,<5(ro-ai inf.:
aor. of 8nw/jLL, swear.
ojiov : adv. together, at the same time,
along with, with.
6no-<}>povew (<t>pTiv) : have like mind, sym-
pathize.
6(jLo-cj>poo-vvq : like-mindedness, har-
mony, union of mind.
6|i4>aX.6s: (navel), center, heart.
6|i<|>a|, -a/cos : unripe grape.
ofi4>T| : voice.
opus (6,u6s): adv. alike, equally.
o|xus : never-the-less, yet. \ 565.
ov-8 : ace. of the possessive pron. 8s,
with the suffix -de, towards.
oveiap, -arcs : blessing, relief. The pi.
is always used of viands.
ovciSos, -eos : shame, reproach.
6v(pios 3: adj. of dreams.
ovcipov and dvapos : dream.
6vT|(i6vos : blessed one, one on whom the
blessing 6i>au> has been pronounced ;
2 aor. partic. of 6vlvi)iu. The con-
trary is ov\6>j.evos.
'OvT)Top(8t]s : son of Onetor. 7 282.
6vivq(ii, aor. partic. mid. 6ciJ J uei'os: bless;
mid. partic. blessed.
ovo|ia and ovvopia, -aroj : name.
6vofj.di> : name, mention, address.
ovojiai, fut. 6v6ffffeff0ai: find fault with,
esp. disparage as too little.
ovojxaCvw, aor. subjv. 6i>o/j.^vw. name, tell.
ovofxa-K\T]-5T]v : calling by name.
6v6o-(To-0ai : see 8vo/j.ai.
6w^, -yxos (onyx): (hail), talon.
ovs, -em, -i), nom. pi. masc. d^es :
pointed, sharp, keen. 6|tf, adv. keenly.
oov (So ?): gen. of fa, 10/10. 38 b.
OTTO. : acc. of 6if/, voice.
oird^w, fut. ^Trdcrtrw, aor. diraffffa, wirace,
mid. (JTraa-trdjuevos (?7ro/xat) : grive OS a
companion, give, grant; mid. ta&e as
a companion.
oir(ir)T) : adv. where.
6irr]8e'co : accompany, attend.
6ir : dat. of 6^, voice.
O7r^o(j.ai : regard, shun.
oiri(<r)0v : adv. behind, afterward, here-
after.
6irr(<r) : adv. behind, afterward, here-
after; back.
6ir\'o), impf. ciVXeoi' : make ready.
6irX.Co|j,cu, aor. imv. SirXiffffov, mid.
(airXlffffaro, 6ir\iffdfj.effda, subjv. oirXi-
ff6/jiff8a : make ready, prepare.
birXov : pi. tools, implements, tackle.
6ir\6TaTos 3 : youngest.
oirov : adv. where.
birir(i [Sn-rf] : adv. where, in what way, as.
6irir6-0v : whence, of what stock.
6irn-6-0i [Sirov]: adv. where. 366.
6-iriroios 3 : of what swt, what.
6ir(ir)oT : adv. when, whenever.
oinroTepos 3 : which of the two.
birirws [STTWS] : in what way, how.
oirra\'os : roasted.
oirrdw, impf. WTTTUV, aor. UTrr^ffav. roast.
DITTOS roasted.
oirxiiw: wed. oirvlovres, married, wedded.
dirwiro, : perf. of opdw, see.
OTrwirV) : sight, view, dvryjffai 67rw7r^s,
get sight.
oirwpt] : late summer, early autumn.
oirwpivos : adj. (of) in late summer.
: how, as, since; in order that.
See STTTTWS.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
6pdw or 6po, partic. op&ui>, impf. 6pw-
nev, mid. opt. 6p$ro, fut. 6^erai, aor.
tldov, ISov, mid. iSb^-riv, inf. ISeetv,
perf. torujraj : see, Joofc, behold. (The
stem W- originally was /r i5-.)
6'p-yvia (6ptyu): fathom, the distance be-
tween the finger-tips of the extended
arms.
opt'-yw, aor. inf. 6p<?|ai : extend.
6p<rC-Tpo4>os : mountain-bred.
opccr-Kwos (fcet/iicu) : adj. dwelling on the
mountains, mountain.
opo-<ri : dat. pi. of flpos, mountain.
opeo-repos : o/ /te mountain.
'Op6rTT)s, -ao : Orestes, son of Agamem-
non, who took vengeance on his
father's murderer, Aegisthus. o 40.
opOo-xpaipos 3 : straight-horned.
opOds: straight, erect, upright.
opfvw, aor. dplva, uplvas : arouse, excite.
opKos : oath; oath-token, or power in-
voked to bind the oath-taker and
punish him if the oath is broken.
opucuvw, aor. u>pij.t)vav : ponder, revolve,
consider.
6p|idu>, aor. pass. up/j.-/i0riffav, partic. 6p-
/xijfofs : pass, rush, hasten, set out.
0eov opwOds, inspired of the divinity.
opivrfj : impulse, onset, force, orders ;
endeavor.
opjii^w, aor. up/j.urav: moor, make fast.
op(xos : anchoring-place, roadstead.
opvis, -t^os : bird.
opvvjjii, mid. 6pvvrai, aor. wpo-e, upope,
mid. upro, imv. 6p<ro, plpf. dpupei :
arouse, excite, drive on; mid., 2 aor.,
and perf., arise, begin, raise myself,
hasten.
opoOvvo) (6pi>vfj.i): rouse.
opo|xai : am waiter, am watcher.
6'pos, -eos, dat. ovpe'i, pi. 6p((r<rt: moun-
tain.
6p6s : whey.
opovw, aor. 6pov<rav : go hastily, rush.
6p<5w : see opdu, see, behold.
operas partic., op<reo or op<ro mid. imv. :
of 6pvvfu, rouse; mid. arise. 51 e.
: Ortilochus. y 489.
: Ortyyia, prob. the old name
for Delos, in e 123.
6pv(xa-yS6s : din, noise.
opvoxrw, aor. 6pvt-a : dig.
6p4>vaios 3 : dark, gloomy.
6'pxa-fj.os : leader, commander.
opxaros : orchard, a collection of trees
and plants set out in symmetrical
rows. See tpxos.
6pxo(iai, aor. 6px^<raff6ai : dance.
opxriOfids : dance.
opxTj<TTvls, -i^os (orchestra): dance.
'Opxo(tv6s : Orchomenus, an ancient
Boeotian city, capital of the Minyae,
where the Cephlsus empties into
Lake Copais. X 284, 459. Called
'Minyan' in distinction from Arca-
dian Orchomenus.
opxos : row.
6p<opi(v) : had arisen, plpf. of 6pwfu.
6's, rj, 6'v, gen. masc. olo (07:05, suus):
possessive pron., own, his, her. 45 d.
Since this began with a consonant (/:),
' apparent hiatus ' ( 30 /) is freq.
before it.
6's, ri, o or rd, gen. masc. ov, Sov (better
60, 38 6): (1) rel., who, which, what.
6, adv. ace. as conj., in that, that;
cf. quod. (2) Dem. masc., Sj and
6, he, esp. with ovdt, wSt, ical, and
yap.
os irtp, T] irp, o irp: intensive rel.,
just who, exactly who ; or concessive,
who nevertheless.
6Vos : see &r<ros.
"Oo-ora: Ossa, a Thessalian mountain.
X315.
oo-o-o: rumor.
: adv. os often as.
oo-o-e dual (oculus): eyes.
oo-o-op.ai (6<f(re) : look, behold, see, picture
to one's self.
76
VOCABULARY TO THE
o<r(<r)os 3 : how large, how much, how
far; pi. as many as. With rio-o-os
expressed or implied, as much as.
8ff(<r)ov, adv., how greatly, by as much
as, as far as.
btrriov, gen. and dat. pi. <J<rre60tv:
bone.
6's TIS or o TIS, f[ TIS, OT(T)I, gen. orrev,
dat. trey, ace. ov nva, oriva, gen. pi.
6reuv, neut. pi. &<r<ra [anva] : indef.
rel., who, whoever; in indirect ques-
tions, who. 6 TI, wherefore, why.
OT : when, and at times, since.
OTo>, OTWV, OTIVO., OTIS : see 6s TIS.
45s.
OT(T)I: conj. that , because; adv. strength-
ening superl., STTI TdxtffTa, US quickly
as possible (cf. qua in).
: ready, prompt.
us : adv. speedily, at once.
OTpvvo), fut. drpvvtet, aor. 8rpvve, opt.
6rpvvfiav : arouse, make ready, excite,
impel, urge on, order.
OTTCO [8rov] : gen. neut. of 5$ TIS.
OTTI : see 8ri, 8s TIS.
ov (foO): gen. of 3 personal pron., (of)
him, (of) her. The possessive is 8s,
TJ, 5V, or e6s, e-f), I6v.
oi>, oi>K, OVK, and ov\ : neg. adv., not.
In questions it implies the answer yes.
ovas, -OTOS, dat. pi. u<rtv [o5s] : ear.
ovSas, -tos, dat. ovSe'i: floor, ground.
o&Sdffde, to the ground.
oi-8^ : but not, and not, not even, nor.
ov8 iroT : never at any time.
ovScts, dat. ovSevl, neut. ovdtv : no one.
ovSe'v (o^5's): not at all. Equiv. to
ov TI, which is more freq. in Homer.
ovSos : threshold.
ouOap, -aros (udder, Germ. Euter) :
udder.
OVK : see ov, not.
OVK-^TI : no longer, no more.
oiittL (06) : not, used at the end of a sen-
tence in Kal OUKI.
ov\a( (o^\6xi<Tat) pi. : for ov\ai nptOai,
whole barley-corns.
oviXojjievos 3 : destructive, deadly, cursed.
Aor. partic. of 6\\v/j.i, destroy.
ovXos 3 : thick, woolly, fleecy.
ovXo-xvrai (x^) pi- : (poured out barley-
corns), barley-corns.
O\5Xv(iiros : Olympus. See *OXivros.
ovv : inferential particle, noiv, then, so,
at all events.
OVVCKCI [ov ZveKa] : for the sake of which ;
because; in that, that.
ovvopa, -OTOS : see 6vo/m, name.
OvpavComs pi. : of heaven, inhabitants
of heaven.
ovpav6-0 v : adv. from heaven.
ovipavo-p,f|KT)s, -es : reaching-to-heaven.
ovpavos : heaven, the heavens, sky.
o vpr| : tail.
ovpov : 'piece' 1 ploughed by mules. The
length of a furrow was a fixed stan-
dard of length, like our 'furlong'
(= furrow long). The width of a
piece which a pair of mules could
plough in a day, the length of furrow
being constant, came also to form an
absolute standard of distance (ovpov),
like our ' stone's throw. ' Mules
ploughed faster than oxen ; c/.K351ff.
ovpos, gen. ovpeos [fy>os] : mountain.
ovpos : wind. IK/J.(VOS ovpos, favoring
breeze.
oupos: guard, warder.
ovTO,i>, perf. pass, partic. ouTCKr/owfros,
aor. inf. ovrdfj.evai, mid. (as pass.) par-
tic. ovr6.fj.fvos : wound with a weapon
held in the hand.
OV-T : and not, nor. ovre . . . ovre,
neither . . . nor.
ovTiSavos (ov TIS): worthless.
ov TIS, ov TI : no one, none, ov n, not
at all.
OVTIS : Noman, the name assumed by
Odysseus in order to deceive the
Cyclopes. <. 366, 408.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
77
ofi TOI : by no means.
OVTOS, axirrj, TOVTO : clem. this. OUTOJ is
the ordinary demonstrative pronoun
in Greek, and points to a person or
thing as present, either actually or
in thought. Its place in Homer is
generally taken by the article, 6, 17, r6,
in demonstrative use.
OVTW(S): adv. thus, so.
ovx, : see ov, not.
64>\\w, aor. 6<(>e\ov, u!0eXes [<5<eXw] :
owe, inipf. ought. The aor. ind. is
used with a?0e and (is to express a
wish which cannot be realized ; j
6<j>f\ov ffj.fj.evai vibs KT\., would that I
were the son, etc. Very similar is the
use of the iinpf. in r<l> ^ yeivaffOai
6<j>e\\ov, " would that these had not
given me birth," 6 312.
o4>XX, aor. opt. 6<f>t\\eiev ( 33 e) :
increase.
6<f)0aX[x6s: eye. Cf. 6/i/aa. tv 6<f>0a\-
fju)T<nv, before (my) eyes.
o4>pa : conj. (1) of time, while, as long
as, until; (2) of purpose, that, in
order that.
6<j>pvs, -vos (brow) : eye-brow, brow.
o\a (x w ) : adv- pre-eminently, by
far.
o\(o>, iterative impf . 6xtf<ov, aor. mid.
dxr/ffaro (x w ) : bear, endure, pijn-tdas
ox^eiv, act childishly.
o\9r\ -. bank, river-bank, shore.
b\9io>, aor. partic. <5x^aj : am out of
temper; aor. partic. in a burst of
rage.
o\\Ct,ia, aor. opt. 6xM<r<reiav : heave.
at. pl- &x eff 'i> tt ' ' pl- chariot.
(x w ) : holder.
o\|f, dat. oirl, ace. 6ira (vox): voice.
otyt . adv. late.
6\J/i, o\|/rai : fut. of opdw, see.
64>(--yovos : late-born, of future ages.
o\J/ov : pi. cooked-bits, often of meats,
the ' relish ' for bread and wine.
n.
): cliff.
ira-y-\aXKcos : adj. of solid bronze.
f : adv. altogether, utterly.
[fira.0fv, 46 a] ind., iradffiv inf..
irdOtjo-iv [TrAOri] subjv. : aor. of vdffxw,
suffer.
iraC^w, aor. imv. iralffare (wais) : play,
sport, make merry, dance.
IIaiT|&)v, -ovos [Haiuv or Ilatdf] : Paeeon,
the surgeon and physician of the gods.
The name became an attributive epi-
thet, and was applied to Apollo.
iraiiroX6-is, -fffaa : adj. rugged, rocky.
irais or wdis ( 27 a), gen. irai56$, dat.
pi. 7rcu5e<r<ri: child, son, daughter.
irdXcu : adv. long ago, long before.
iraXai|io<rvvT) : wrestling. Cf. irdXij.
iraXaios (ird\at) 3 : of old, ancient.
iraXaio-r^js : wrestler. See ird\t).
iraXai-4>aTos (<t>rnil) : spoken long ago.
iraXaCw, aor. tirdXaurev : wrestle.
iroXd(iTi : palm, hand.
(palaestra): wrestling.
ts : adv. in backward flight,
baffled.
irdXiv : adv. back, backioard.
iroXiv-TiTos : (paid back), requited, ira-
\IVTITO. epya, deeds of requital, ven-
geance.
iroXi-pfxSOios (f>60os): surging back, re-
turning of a wave.
IlaXXds, -ddos (ird\\u) : Pallas, (Spear-
wielder). Epithet of Athena as god-
dess of war.
irdXXu, perf. mid. inf. irr>ra\dff0ai (as
from Tra\d<r<rw) : shake ; of lots, cast.
iroXvva: sprinkle.
ira|i-ficXas, -avos : all-black.
irdfi-irav: adv. entirely, altogether, at
all.
ird(j.-irpwTOv : adv. first of all.
iran-4>avoo>v, -wvros: all-shining, bright.
: (all-tender), delicate.
78
VOCABULARY TO THE
irav-dp-yvpos : adj. of solid silver.
IIav-ax<uoC pi.: the Pan-Achaeans,
Achaeans as a whole, a 239.
irav-Sapdrcop, -opos : all-subduing.
irav-f))xap : adv. all day long.
irav-T)^pios 3 : adj. all day long. 59 a.
irav-vvxios 3 : adj. all night long. 59 a.
IlavoiKvs, -7705: Panopeus, town in Pho-
cis, on the Cephlsus, near Boeotia.
irdv-op|ios : convenient for mooring.
irdvT<ro-i : Aeolic dat. pi. of iras.
irdvT[j : adv. everywhere, on all sides.
iravroios (iras) 3 : adj. of all sorts.
irdvToo-e : adv. on all sides.
irav-virtpTaTos 3 : (uppermost), farthest.
Trav-va-Ta/ros : last of all.
irdirira VOC. : papa, f 57.
jrairraivw : peer about, scan.
trap ( 32), irapd, and irapcu : adv. and
prep, by the side of, beside, near by.
(1) With dat., by the side of, by.
'Apyeiwv irapa injvfft, by the ships of
theArgives; irapa S<? <r<t>i rl6ei jctfireXXa,
beside them he placed cups; irapa a-ot,
at thy house; irap MeveXdy, at the
home of Menelaus.
(2) With ace., to the side of, along
by. ffTT) pa irapa araOnbv, she took
her stand by the column ; irapa Olva
OaXdfftr-ris rjia, I went along the shore
of the sea ; t\0t irapa favdbv Mei^Xaoc,
go (beside, i.e.) to the house of tawny
Menelaus.
(3) With gen., from the side of,
from, avibvra irap' "IXou, returning
from the (side, i.e.) house of Ilus;
irap' 4/j.eTo, from my side, from my
house; 1j\6ov irapa vybs, they came
from the ship.
Adv. irapa travvffffe rpdirefav, by
their side she drew a table.
irdpa : by ' anastrophe ' ( 58 c) for irapa,
(I) when it follows its case imme-
diately, and (2) when it stands for
or irdpfiffi. ei 5 6t\fis Trefiis,
irdpa rot Stfipos re *cai iVirot, but if
thou wishest fo go by land, both char-
iot and horses are at thy service.
irapa-Ociro : see irapari&rifju.
irapai : see irapd.
[7rapav<ris, -ws : advice, exhortation.]
irapa.-KX.i86v : adv. turning aside, eva-
sively.
irapd-Kotris, -tos : couch-mate, wife.
n-apa-Xe'-yu, aor. mid. irapeX^aro : mid.
lie beside.
irap-afiei(3o(iai, aor. par tic. irapafjifi\f/d-
fj.et>os : pass by.
n-apa-fiip-vw (/j.tvui) : remain beside, re-
main with, remain.
irapa-vt]vc<i> [v^w~] : heap up beside.
Trapa-vrjXOfiaL, fut. Trapav^foyttai : SU'im
past, swim along.
n-apa-irenirw, aor. irap^re/u^e: sendalong,
guide on its way.
irapa-ir\dw, aor. irap^ir\ay^ev : drive
past, drive from (my) course.
irapa-ir\TJ, -rjyos : (smitten sideways,
by waves that run up and along a
receding shore), shelving, sloping.
7rapa-ir\wa>, aor. irapeir\w : sail past.
irapa-irvew, aor. subjv. irapawveiiurj: blow
past.
irapa-<rTa-86v (lerrrtfjn) : adv. standing
beside, stepping up beside.
irapa-erraiev, irapacrras : see irapi(rrr)fj.i.
trapa-<rxtiv : furnish; aor. of irap^xv-
Trapa-TCOriixt, 3 sing. iropTiOfT ( 55 a),
aor. irapt8r)Ka, irapdeaav, opt. irapa-
Oftro : place beside ; aor. mid. partic.,
risking.
irapa-Tpoir^c* (rp^iru) : turn away ; par-
tic, evasively.
nrap-avSdw : (persuade), speak comfort-
ably of.
irapa-4>eij-y w aor. inf. iraptpvyteiv : flee
past, aor. escape past.
irapd-(|>T]p,i : mid. partic. irap<f>dnevos :
talk over, persuade, beguile.
n-dpSoXis, -tos : pard, leopard.
FIHST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
79
: sit beside.
irapeiaC pi. : cheeks.
irdp-i|ii, inf. iraptfi.nfva.1, partic. irapctav.
impf. irapTJada, irapffev (eifj-i) : am pres-
ent, am at hand.
jrdp-ci|u, partic. irapiuv (el/jn): pass by.
irap-c'x or irap'(; : adv. forth and along,
along outside, away from the truth.
Prep, with gen., outside of; with
ace., past.
irap-eXdco, aor. TrapijXao-e : drive past,
row past, sail past.
irap-tXOrj : aor. subjv. of Trap^pxojtai.
irap-tvrjvtov : see Trapavyvfu.
irap- : see Trapse.
Trap-^-\dw, inf. Trape^eXdap, aor. subjv.
irape$e\d<rw<Tiv (Aatfvw): (drive past),
row past.
jrap--p)(0|Aa.i, aor. inf. irapee\6e'it> :
pass along by, evade.
irap-t'^w : fut. of irap^xw.
Trap-to VTWV [irapbrruv]: see irdpfifju.
irap-t'irXw : aor. of TrapaTrXww.
Trap-pxo|iai, aor. iraprjXdf, subjv. irap-
A07j : pass by, pass.
irap-{(TTd|ivai [Traptardva.L\: stand by,
aid, perf. inf. of vapiffTtj/jn.
irap-^cTTt] : aor. of irapiffTT)/u.
irap-\, fut. Trap&jw, aor. inf. irapa-
ffxew : furnish, supply, give.
irap-cwv \Tra.p<j}v~\: see irdpeifii.
irap-fjev [Trappy] : impf. of irdpetfjii.
irap-f|Xa<rav : aor. of irapeXai/vw.
irdp-i]|jLai : sit beside.
irap-6|ivoi : risking. See -n-aparierifu.
irapeeviK^j : maiden, strictly an adj., but
used also as substantive.
-irap0evios ') : adj. virgin, maiden.
irapOs'vos fern. : virgin, maiden.
Trdp-6<rav : aor. of irapariffrj/u.
irap- : seat beside.
irap-ia-Ta|iai (mid.), 2 aor. opt. wapa-
ffraifv, partic. iropao-rds, perf. inf.
ira.pfffTdfj.evai : stand beside, stand by,
assist, befall.
irap-iwv : passing by. See rrdpet/xt.
irdpoi8(v): adv. in front, before. ri>
irdpoiOe, in time past.
irdpos : adv. before, in time past, for-
merly, rb Trdpos, formerly. Conj.
with inf. (c/. vpLv), before; irdpos T\V
yalai> itcfoOai, before he came to his
own land.
irap-Ti0i : see irapa.rl6tjni.
irap-<})d(ivos : see irapd<pi]fu.
jrap-<j>vytv : see irapcupevyw.
irds, irdera, irdv, gen. iravrbs, ird(r?;j,
feui. gen. pi. iraffduv or traffeuv, dat.
pi. irdi>Tffffi(v): every, all, the whole.
With numerals, in all, all told, as
lv d/j.<pi<popev<ri dvudeica. iraffiv, in jars
twelve in all. irdvra, adv. wholly,
entirely.
irdo-avro : aor. of irartonai.
irdo-<raXos, gen. iraffffa.\6<t>i : peg, pin,
on which to hang clothes or lyre.
ira<r(rd|ivos : aor. of Tra.TfOfj.a.1.
ird<r<rwv, -ovos : coinpar. of iraxfa.
irdo^w, fut. irflffofMi, aor. tiraOev, perf.
TrtirovOas, 2 pi. irtiroffOe (wt-rraode ?),
plpf. tireir6i>deiv (irad-ffnw): suffer.
iraT0|iai, aor. irdff(ff)affdai (feed): eat,
partake of, with ace. or genitive.
irarVjp, gen. Trar^pos or 7rarp6s, gen. pi.
irar^puv or varpuiv (pater): father.
irdros : tread, footstep, step.
iraTpVj : fatherland.
iraTpfe, -5oj: strictly adj. ofhisfatherx;
then (sc. 7^), fatherland.
iraTpo-Kao-Y VT l' ro s : father's brother.
IldTpOKXos, gen. Harpo/cX^os: Patroclus.
son of Menoetius, friend of Achilles.
slain by Hector. 7 110, X 408.
7ro.Tpo-<|>ovvs, -7705: father's murderer.
irarpuios (ira-r^p) 3 : father's, of the
father, ancestral.
iravpos : scant, pi. few.
iravw, inf. irou^/u.evoi, fut. Tawre<r0ai,
aor. irau<rei', (^)iroi/<raro : stop, put an
end to, give rest ; mid. cease.
80
VOCABULARY TO THE
rotfs) : fetter,
llanos : Paphos, a noted seat of Aphro-
dite's worship, on the island of Cyprus.
irdxtTos [*%$]: adj. thick.
irdxos, -cos : thickness.
iraxvs, gen. iraxtos, fern. dat. iraxeiy:
thick. Compar.
ir<Sdci>, aor. (t)irt8rio
bind.
irt'8iXov : sandal.
ircSCov : plain. veStovdf,
to the plain.
ire'Sov-St: (to the ground),
to the bottom.
ir5<5s : adj. on foot,
(hence) by land.
irc0<i>, fut. ireiffofjiai, aor. TnOdfirtv, subjv.
irlOijai {vlO-ij], perf. subjv. TreiroWo/jxv,
plpf. TreirolBea ( 47 c) (fido): per-
suade; mid. am persuaded, obey;
perf. trust , have confidence.
irupdci> : try, test.
n-eipaivw, perf. 3 sing. ireTreipavrai: bring
to conclusion, perform.
irctpap, -OTOJ : rope, noose; limit, bound;
(issue), and (as producing the results
of skill) implement.
ircipdw, fut. Tretp^crw, aor. iireipi]<ra.vro,
perf. ireireipi)iJ.ai, aor. pass, (as mid.)
subjv. ireipi)6ufj.ev : try, make trial of,
put to the test ; perf. am practised.
IIcipCBoos : king of the Lapithae, friend
of Theseus. A 263, X 631.
irclpw, aor. eireipav : pierce; cleave, sail
through.
ir<ro-6ai : fut. mid. of iret6u.
ir<rTai : fut. of Trdtrxw, suffer,
i.e. Ops. a 429.
j>, -opos : Ithacan herald. /3 38.
IltwHo-TpaTos : Pisistratus, Nestor's
youngest son, from whom the Athe-
nian tyrant of the same name claimed
descent. He accompanied Telema-
chus to Sparta. 7 36, 482, 5 69.
irio-(ia, -arcs : rope, cable.
ircta-opou : fut. of Trda^w, suffer.
ir(icro|j.ai : fut. niid. of
ir\a-yos, -eos (pelagus) : open sea,
pi. waves.
^w, aor. (t)irt\a.<r(<r)e, perf. partic.
(irt\as): bring near, bring
to; approach.
u-t'Xas: adv. near.
irXd<r<ro|iv : aor. subjv. of ireXcifw.
irt'XtOpov [irMBpov]: plethrum, a meas-
ure of surface, in later times 100 feet
in length, or 10,000 square feet.
: dove, pigeon.
aor. tre\^KKr]<rev : hew with
the axe, trim.
-cos: axe.
: Pelias, usurping ruler in lol-
cos, who sent Jason to Colchis for
the Golden Fleece. X 254 ff.
, mid. TrAo/xai, aor. freq. as pres.
o, firXero : move, am.
monster.
ircXwpios : monstrous, large, mighty.
ircXupov (TrAwp): monster.
irEjjLird^op.ai, aor. subjv. irefjLTrd
(count by fives), count.
: fifth.
inf. ire/jLTrtfj.ev(ai), fut.
aor. fire^e : escort, attend, send.
jr(iir-wpoXov (jr^ire is Aeolic for tr^vre,
cf. 25 c): five-lined fork, used in
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
81
sacrifices in order to keep the offer-
ings from rolling into the ashes.
irtvOtpos : father-in-law, wife's father,
-eos (irdffxu)- sorrow, grief.
: poor, needy,
work, am busy; prepare.
irtvTa-tTt's (TOS) : adv. for five years,
irtvrt: numeral, five.
fifty.
. : five hundred.
irfiraXd<r0cu : see Trd XXw, shake.
i : see ireipaivw, complete.
: see iretpdu, make trial.
aor. of ir\-ficrffw, beat.
: perf. partic. of irX-fia-cru.
irirXT]jivos : perf. partic. of ireXdfw.
irtirXos : robe. The
principal female
garment. This
robe was fast-
ened by brooches
at the shoulder,
and left the arms
bare ; it reached
to the feet. It
fell in folds over
the breast, and
was gathered at
the waist by a
girdle
pru-
dent, discreet;
perf. partic. of
wvew, breathe.
irtirvvo-0a,i : to be prudent. See
irtiroiBea : trusted, plpf. of ire/0w. 47 c.
irjro<r0 \_ireirbv6a.Te'] : see irdrxv-
: perf. of irordonai, fly.
perf. of ircrdvvvfu.
perf. of irvvOdvofuii.
irr<ov, -OPOS : good fellow, used by Poly-
phemus to his pet ram, t 447; in the
Iliad, used in addresses by an elder
or superior in an affectionate, con-
descending, or contemptuous tone.
ir^p (irepl): intensive particle, enclitic,
exceedingly, very, exactly, however
much (with concessive participle).
ircpdw, 3 pi. irep6w<ri, inf. irtpdav, itera-
tive impf. TTtpdaffKe, aor. ivtpaaaa.,
subjv. irepifa-Tjs : traverse, cross, go
through, pierce.
irtpflw, aor. fwepfff or tirpaOc, partic.
irtpffavres : sack.
ircpC : adv. and prep, about, round about,
concerning, exceedingly.
(1) With gen., about, concerning,
for. irepi ffvelovs, about the grotto;
irtpl Trarpos tpoiro, might ask concern-
ing his father. Used adverbially with
the genitive to denote superiority :
Trepi irdvruv /cd/x/uope, wretched above
all others.
(2) With ace., round about, around.
IffTdpevoiireplffirtos (taking their stand),
standing about the cave; irepl tcwa,
around those parts; irepl deiirvov ire-
VOVTO, were busy about the dinner.
(3) With dat., about. diro6vriffKuv
irepl <t>a<rydvtf>, dying about (i.e. pierced
by) the sword ; /xaxifaa<r0ai irept datri,
fight about a feast.
iripi -. by anastrophe ( 68 c) (1) for
irepi, when it immediately follows its
case; and (2) adv., above all others,
beyond measure.
IlepCpoia : Periboea, grandmother of
Alcinoiis. r;.57.
ircpi-*yC-yvo|iai : surpass.
irtpi-'yvapnrTw : turn about, round.
irpi-'x, 2 aor. mid. irepurxfyeffa: protect.
ire pi-Ocicv : aor. opt. of irepirtdij/jLi.
trpi-oTTjjti, 2 aor. ireplffrrjirav, aor. pass.
irepurrdOti : place around; 2 aor. and
pass., (took one's stand, i.e.) stood
around.
, -ft : very beautiful.
: care exceedingly.
: adj. very dry.
: son of Neleus. X 286.
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VOCABULARY TO THE
irpi-K\vr6s : famous, illustrious.
irpi-KTiovs pi. : those who dwell round
about, neighbors.
IPI-KTTTIS : neighbor. X 288.
n-pi-(iai(ida>. part ic. few. reftfUUftAuMU
search eagerly round about.
jrpi-|iTpos : very large.
npi-(iT|STis, -eoj : comrade of Odysseus.
X 23, n 195.
jrpi-(AT|KeTos : lofty.
ircpi-fiTJKTjs, -cs : lofty, long.
irpi-(iT)xavdo(j.ai, 3 pi. irfpifj.i)xav6uvTai.:
plan, contrive.
irepi-vauTaw : dwell (lie) about.
ipt-o-Tos (<?w) 3 : well-polished.
ircpi-oiSa : knows (beyond others, i.e.)
more. With gen. (after comparative
idea) and accusative.
i, syncopated partic. irepi-
vuv : move around, revolve.
ir6pi-ppa> : flow around.
n-p-o-KirTos : ivell-protected.
irept-ero-oivw : fawn upon, ovprjffi irepi-
ffffaivovres, wagging their tails.
irpi-<rTa0T] : see TreptiVrTj/u.
n-pi-<rTix>, aor. irepiffreii-as : go about.
irpi-<rTvax.ionai : resound about.
irpi-o-T'4>w : crown ; pass, is heaped
about.
irpi-o-Tp^4>w, aor. partic. irepitrrptya.* :
whirl around. Cf. 'strongly wheel'd
and threw it,' Tennyson's Morte
d' Arthur.
irpi-crx6|i9a : aor. of Trept^xw.
irepi-rd^vw (T^OIVW): (cut around), sur-
round, in order to drive away.
n-4pt.-TcXXop.ai : come around, revolve.
Cf. it e PITT Aoyticu
ir(p\.-rL9r\\L\., &or.opt.vepi0eiev: put about
(as a garment), cloak.
ircpi-Tpoirt'w : turn about, 'head off." 1
Trepi-4>euvofiai : appear about. irtpi<t>ai-
v6/j*i>ov, a sightly place.
: plan about, consider,
ptav, -ovos : prudent, discreet.
irepi-xw, aor. Trtpixevev, partic. irepi-
xeyaj, subjv. mid. ireptxetfTcu : pour
about, mould, overlay.
ircpi-wirTJ : look-out, height.
[irepucri] : see irepaw, traverse.
: see Wp0w, sack.
cvs, -ijos : son of Nestor. 7 414.
IIepcr(j>6veia : Persephone, queen of
Hades. *c 491, 534, X 213, 386, 635.
Ile'po-T] : mother of Circe. K 139.
ir&r(v) [eireffev] ind., ireo-rjo-iv \_irfffrf]
subjv., ireo-wv partic.: aor. of irlirTw,
fall.
ireo-(ro pi. : draughts, checkers.
ireVo-w : ripen.
irTdvvvp.i, aor. Tr^raff(<r)av, perf. TreVTa-
TOI : spread, stretch out.
iTT]va pi. : winged things, birds.
irtrojiai, aor. eirraTO : fly.
3 : of the rock.
: rock, stone.
ireTpT|-is, -fffffa : rocky.
irv9o(iav: see irvv6dvo/j.ai, inquire, learn.
7r<f>iSoi|i,T)v : aor. of <pfido/j.ai, spare.
n-<}>v and tvtfyvt, pi. ire'4>vov, subjv.
ir^4>vT) : aor. from root <pev (06vos),
kill, slay.
ir'4>paSe, inf. ire^paSe'jJiev : aor. of <ppdfa,
point out, show.
iK4>va<riv, irc4>vKa<riv: have grown,
grow, perf. of 0i5w, put forth. Plpf.
JT(plL>Kl(v).
n-t^vYp-e'vos : escaped, perf. of <petyw.
ire<j>vpjivov : besmeared. See <p<jpu.
jr(|>uwTas : growing, perf. partic. of 4>vu.
TTQ : adv. in what way, whither ?
irt] : enclitic, in any way, any whither,
any where.
7rt]-y^ : spring, source.
irrj-yvv|ii, aor. ir^afj-ev, partic. Tracts :
fix, make fast.
: big, mighty.
: rudder, steering oar.
ov : oar, oar-blade.
vvfju): well-joined.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
83
IlTJ\l8T|S, -0>, IlT)\.ta>V, -Wit)*, and
IlT]\i]id8Tis : son, of Peleus, Achilles.
e310, 6 75, X467, 551. 42.
n^Xcvs, -??os : Peleus, son of Aeacus,
husband of Thetis, father of Achilles.
, -T)Kos : helmet.
: Pelion, a mountain in Thes-
saly, south of Mt. Ossa. X 316.
ir%a, -a-ros : suffering, disaster, bane.
irt]|iaivco, aor. pass. inf. irrifMv6i)vat, : in-
jure, harm, hurt.
IlT]viX6ima : Penelope, wife of Odys-
seus, daughter of Icarius and Peri-
boea. Her fidelity to her husband
during his absence of twenty years
is an important element of the story
of the Odyssey, a 328 ff., /3 88 ff.,
5675ff., e216ff., X446.
irf|a|iv : aor. of irriyvviu.
irT)6s : connection by marriage.
Ilnpco, -ouj : daughter of Neleus. X287.
iriop : richness, fertility, t 135.
irU : aor. irnv. of irivu, drink.
iriil<a, aor. pass, partic. irieffMs: press
hard, crowd, squeeze.
irtcipa : rich, fertile. See wlwv.
JIitpiT] : Pieria, district of Macedonia,
on the boundary of Thessaly, near
Mt. Olympus, on the sea. Early
home of the 'Pierian Muses.'
triQurQt imv., ir(9r|<u [iriOy] subjv., iri-
06fit]v hid. : aor. of ireidopai, am per-
suaded.
irCOos : jar. The largest form of pot-
tery, for storage purposes, with
round or pointed bottom, so that it
had to be imbedded in the earth or
leaned against the wall (as /3 342).
See d<r*6s.
irtKp6--ya(ios : of bitter marriage, having
bitter marriage, a 266. (The word was
coined for the case in hand, with
marked irony, as a match for WKV-
Atopoi.)
iriKp<5$ 3 : bitter.
ir(iirXT)fti, impf . ir^TrXaJTo, aor. mid. as
pass. irXijro, pass. pi. v\i)ffOfi> [^X?J-
ffOijffav'] : fill.
irtvo, -a/cos : plank ; slice of meat.
3 : prudent, discreet.
, imv. irivbvrwv, inf. trtv^ev and
irlvetv, pass. impf. irivfro, fut. partic.
7ri6/iTO5, aor. irltv, inf. iri&iv. drink.
irtirrw, aor. eireeov and irtaov, subjv.
iriffriffiv [trfffy] : fall, am cast (as
passive of /SdXXw).
irwros, -cos : meadow, mead.
irwrros (irdOu) : faithful, trusty. OVKTI
Teurrh. yvvai%iv, women cannot longer
be trusted.
ir<rvpcs [ Aeolic for r^ro-apes] : four.
iriTvijui, partic. Trirvds: extend, stretch
out.
irtrus, dat. pi. irirvcrfftv : pine-tree.
m4>avo-Kw, mid. irupa.vffKona.i (<f>alvu) :
show, tell, make known.
iriwv : aor. partic. of viva, drink.
irtwv, -ovos : fat, fertile, rich.
IIXa-yKTtu (irXdfw) pi. : Wandering, sc.
irirpa.1.. /* 6 1,260. (These correspond
to the ' justling rocks' of the Symple-
gades at the entrance of the Bosporus
in the later story of the Argonautic
expedition.)
irXd?w, mid. impf. irXdfero, aor. pass.
7rXd7x^'7 [eirXcu'iJflij, 46 a] : drive ;
mid. wander.
irXciO': see TrX^w.
irXtios [irX^ws] 3, comp. 7rXet6repoj 3 :
(Trl/j.ir\Ti)fit): full.
irXcio-ros: most, greatest. Superl. of
n-Xciwv and irX^wv, -ovos : more. Coinpar.
of iroXfa.
irXttcris 3 : plaited, wovenT
tKw, aor. partic. 7rXe|d/iteTOs : plait.
, pi. vXiiTf, impf. irX^ev, partic.
( 28), fut. ir\efotfff)f : sail.
irXtwv : see TrXe/aw.
irXTTyi<ra, smitten. See ir\-/i<Tffu.
84
VOCABULARY TO THE
: blow, stroke.
BVS, dat. ?r \ij0ut : crowd, throng,
rank and file.
ir\T|9 : am filled, am full.
pi. : Pleiades, Voyagers.
s, -iSos : flood, surge.
n-XVjv: as prep. w. gen., except. 207.
irXtjvro : were filled. See irifj.ir\rmi.
irXf)a : aor. of ir\r}ffffu, smite.
n-Xijo-ao-a fern, partic. act., irXfj<r0v
[^TrXTjo-fl^crcu'] aor. pass. : of irfyiTrXij/u.
ir\T)o-ios 3 : near. Generally with gen. ;
with dat., /3 149. ir\i)fftov as adv.,
near by.
ir\T]<r-Urrios : adj. filling the sail.
irXVj(r<r, aor. irX??a and Trtir\riyov,
perf. partic. TreTrX^iua, aor. pass.
partic. TrXijyeTa-a : smite, beat, strike.
irXfVro : was filled. See TrtVwrXij/u.
irXo-<ro|iai : pace off. f318.
n-Xoos (7rX<?w) : voyage.
irXwds: wash-tank, washing-trough.
irXvvw, fut. partic. TrXiWowra, aor.
ir\vvav. wash, cleanse.
irXcords 3 : floating.
irXcou : float.
irvt'w and irve(w, perf. mid. inf. ircn-vv-
ffBai, partic. veirvv^vo^ (irve/:-) :
breathe ; perf. mid. am discreet, am
prudent ; mid. partic. as adj. dis-
creet.
irvoirfj : breath, blast.
jro'Se<r(riv [TTOJ'II'] : see TTOVJ, foot.
iroS-wKTjs, -eos : swift-footed, fleet.
iro'Oev : adv. whence, of what stock ?
n-oOe'v: indefinite enclitic adv., from
some quarter.
iroOt'w, inf. iro8rifj.evai ( 50 h), aor. inf.
iro6t<rai: yearn for, miss.
iro8^| : yearning, longing, regret for
what is lost, hence loss, lack.
iro'fli jVcO] : where ?
iro6 [TTOU] : enclitic, ever, methinks, I
ween, at ict troOi Zei>9 S$<rt, if haply
Zeus may grant.
iro'0os : desire, longing.
IIoidvTios : adj. of Poeas. 42 i.
iroiew, impf. iroifi, aor. (f)iroi-ncrf(v),
mid. trot.riffa.TO, perf. pass. ireiroir\rai :
make, fashion, build.
iron) [ir6a] : herbage, grass.
iroiT|-iSi -CVTOS (iroirf) : grassy.
iroiT)To's (TTO^W) 3 : made, well made.
iroiKiXo-|jufJTT)s : (of varied schemes),
crafty.
iroiKiXos 3 : of many colors, richly
adorned, cunning, intricate.
iroipatvw, iterative impf. Troifj.aiveoKev
( 57): shepherd, tend.
iroi(XT]v, -^vos : shepherd. TOI/M^VO. \auv,
an epithet of rulers.
iro{p.vi : flock.
iroios 3 : what sort of, what f
iroiirvvw : bustle, am busy.
iroXt'as [7roXXoi/s] ace., iroX^cs [iroXXoi]
nom., iroXeeacriv [TroXXots] dat.: pi.
of TroXiis. 41 c.
iroXc|iTJios : adj. of war, of battle.
iroXcfit^cD : wage war, figM.
iroXepov-Sc : adv. to the war.
IT(T)O'XH,OS : war, battle.
iroXt'os, iroXeaiv, iroXcwv : see TroXtfs.
iroXt]os, iro'Xias : see 7r6Xis.
iroXios 3 : gray, hoary.
ir(T)6Xis, gen. ?r(T)6Xios and T^XTJOS
[7r6Xews, 39 c], ace. pi. iriSXms :
city. 33 i.
iroXiv-8 : to the city, to town.
: comrade of Odysseus. /c224.
: man of the city.
iroXXaKis : adv. often, frequently.
iroXXt'wv : fern. gen. pi. of iroXtfj.
iroXXov [iroXi)], iroXXos : see TroXfo.
iroXv-aivos : much praised, glorious.
7roXv-ai, -IKOS (aio-ffw): with many on-
slaughts, stormy.
iroXv-opTjTos : long-entreated.
iroX\j-pv0TJs, -^os, very deep.
IIoXvpos: Polybus. (1) father of Eu-
rymachus, a 399. (2) A rich Egyp-
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
85
tian host of Menelaus, 5 126. (3) A
Phaeacian, 373.
iroXv-SaiSoXos : highly decorated, cun-
ningly wrought.
IloXvSafiva, : Egyptian princess. 5 228.
iroXu-ScvSpeos : adj. of many trees.
iroXv-S<o-|ios : much-fastened, well-fas-
tened.
noXvSevKijs, -os : Polydeuces, Pollux,
son of Zeus, half-brother of Castor,
a famous boxer. X 300.
iroXv-TJpaTos : lovely, charming.
iroXv-iSpuai pi. : prudence, wisdom.
iroXv-Kapiros : fruitful.
IIoXvKtt<rrn : Nestor's daughter, y 464.
s, sorrowful.
s, -ISos, with many row-locks,
many-oared.
iroXv-KXvcrros : surging. 8 354.
iroXv-K(iT]Tos : carefully wrought, well-
built.
iroXv-XXio-Tos : fervently besought, with
many prayers.
iroXv-[AT]Tis, -tos : of many counsels,
prudent, wise.
iroXv-|j.^x iDtvo s : f m any devices.
iroXu-[ivVj<rTT) : much-wooed, sought in
marriage.
iroXv-|iv6os : of many words, wordy.
IIoXxivijos ("ijOs) : a Phaeacian. 114.
iroXv-pprjvos : rich in flocks of sheep.
iroXvs or irovXvs, fern. iroXXVj, gen.
TroX^os, ace. irdXtiv, TTOV\IJV (also fern.),
or iro\\6v, nom. pi. iroX&s or iro\\oi,
gen. iro\twv or iroXXwv, fem. n-oXX^wv,
dat. Tro\fffiv, woXteffffiv, or WO\\OI<TII>,
ace. iroX^aj or iroXXoiJs : much, in
abundance, large, long; pi. many.
iroXi;, Tro\\6v, TroXXd, adv. much,
often, by far, far (the dative not
being used to express degree of
difference). 59 b. Compar. ir\etuv
and ir\tuv, superl. irXeto-ros. 41 c.
iroXv-o-TTp^s, -& (ffirfipu): widespread,
far-scattered.
iroXvp-rXas : much-enduring, steadfast.
iroXv-TXrjTos : who has endured much.
iroXii-TpT]Tos : (much-pierced), porous.
iroXv-rpoiros : (much-versed), versatile,
shifty, crafty.
iroXv-4>dp|xaKos: of many drugs, skill&l
in drugs.
IIoXv4>7i(ios: Polyphemus, son of Posei-
don and Thoosa, a Cyclops, in whose
den Odysseus and his companions
were caught, a 70, t 216 ff.
iroXv-<J>T]|ios : of many voices.
iroXv-4>Xoi,o-pos : loud-roaring.
iroXv-4>pv, -ovos (<f>p^v): prudent, skil-
ful.
troXv-x<xXKos : rich in bronze, copper.
Epithet of the firmament thought
of as a metallic dome, y 2.
iroXv-xpwo-os : rich in gold.
Trojnrevs, -1705 : escort, companion.
iro^iirVj (TT^ITTW): escort, safe-guidance.
irojxiro's: escort, companion.
irovO(iai, aor. partic. irocT/o-d^ewj : toil,
arrange with toil, perform with toil.
JTO'VOS : toil, trouble.
IIovTtvs: a Phaeacian. ff 113.
iro'vTov-St : to the deep sea.
IIovTovoos : Phaeacian herald, ij 179,
v50.
irovTo-iropvw and irovToirop& : trav-
erse the sea, sail.
irovTo-iro'pos : sea-traversing.
iro'vTos (pontus): sea, high seas.
iro'irou : exclamation of sorrow, alas .'
of vexation, shame! or of pleased
surprise, ah ! Can it be .'
iropOfio's : (place of passage), strait.
iro'pis, -toj; calf, heifer.
iro'pov aor. ind., iropn<riv subjv., iropois
opt., iro'p imv. : of root *op-, give,
furnish.
iro'pos : way, passage.
iropo-atvu or irop<rvvw : prepare.
irop4>vpcos 3: foaming, dark.
irop4>vpa> : revolve eagerly.
86
VOCABULARY TO THE
iro<r : adv. whither f
IIo<rtiSacov, -wws : Poseidon, Neptu-
nus, brother of Zeus and god of
the sea. After his son, the Cyclops
Polyphemus, is blinded by Odys-
seus, he pursues the latter with
inveterate hate, o 20, 68, e 282 ff.,
t 518 ff. He is yarfoxos and two-
ffiyatos.
IIoo-tSY|iov : Posideum, Poseidon-place.
Prob. a sacred area with an altar.
iro'o-is, -ios : husband, spouse. 39 c.
iroVis, -toy (rrlvu, potio) : drink.
irooxri(v) [TTOO-^] : dat. of TTOVS.
: to the river.
: river.
perf. irev(rrrjrat. (TTOT^) : fly.
iron -. adv. when ?
tfo-ri: enclitic indefinite adv. at some
time, once, e? TTOTC if ever, ov (juij)
ITOTC, never.
iro"rf\ (ir^ro/j.ai) : flight.
ITOT^S, -T?TOJ : drink.
ITOT^TO'V : vringed, flying thing.
irorL : preposition. See 7rp6j.
iroTi-8^x.l 1<u > a r - partic. ironStyiuevoi :
wait, await, expect.
iroTi-So'pmov : for his evening meal.
perf.5roTtK<?/cXtTcu: leannext.
w, perf. partic. fern, irort-
: incline towards, perf. lie
before.
iroTi-irrv(ro-o|iai : see irpoffTrTfoffoimi.
iroTi-<j><i>vYj-eis, -evros : endowed with
voice, gifted with speech.
irorpios : fate, death.
iroTv(i)a (pot-ens) : mistress, hon-
ored, revered.
TTOTO'V (irivw) : drink, wine.
irov (iroffi) : adv. where?
irov: enclitic indefinite adv. anywhere,
in any way, perhaps.
irovX.v-poTci.pa (pbfficw) : feeding many,
fruitful.
trovXii-iros, -o5os : sea-polyp, cuttlefish.
irov\vs : see TroXtfs, much.
irovs, gen. iroSos, dat. pi. 7r65e<r(er)i(i>)
and iroff(ff)l(i>) (pes) : foot ; sheet of
a ship, the rope attached to the
lower corners of the sail. irbSecrffiv
or iroff(ff)lv, in running.
Ilpdfivcios : Pramnian. The deriva-
tion of the name is uncertain, but
Pramnian wine had the name of
being heavy and red,
irpairiSts pi. : (diaphragm, breast),
mind.
irpao-ffj : (leek-bed), vegetable-bed.
trpitrta : am conspicuous.
irpo-pa fern.: eldest. Equiv. to
: eldest.
), aor. eirpya-ev: puff out, fill.
(IT prio-ffw): factor, trader.
TJs, -ts : prone, on one's face.
, -tos, effect, result ; trade, errand,
matter.
irpTJro'w, subjv. irp-f)ffffri<ri.v, iterative
impf. Trp-qffaeffKov, aor. inf. irpfjai
[Trpdtrirw] (Trepdw) : do, manage, ac-
complish, achieve. &\a irp^a-ffovTe^,
traversing the sea.
trpCa(iai : buy, purchase.
Uptakes : Priam, son of Laomedon,
king of Troy. 7 107, e 106, X 421.
irpiv (irp6) : (1) adv. before, sooner,
formerly (2) conj. (esp. with inf.)
before, rb irpiv, in times past. Some-
times irplv as adv. is used in the
clause on which the clause intro-
duced by irpiv as conj. depends, as
HT) irptv ffoi tpteiv, irplv SiaSfKaTrjv ye
ycviffffat, not (sooner) to tell thee be-
fore the twelfth day come.
irpd : adv. and prep, before, forward.
irp6 ol ctiro/jxv, we told him before-
hand; vpb K6/JLO.T Haev, she broke the
waves in front of him. With gen.,
irpb fitTTeoj, before the city.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
87
irpo-pdAXw, iterative aor. TrpojSdXeerice,
aor. mid. vpo^d\ovro : throw for-
ward.
-rrpo-pao-is, -ios (fiaivu) : live stock, ft 75.
Cf. irpojarov.
irpo-pXris, -rjros: projecting.
irpo-pXwo-Ktt, aor. partic. TrpofwK&v : go
forward, go forth.
n-po-poXos : projecting point.
irpO'-yevt'o-Tepos (irpoyevris) : older, very
old.
irpo'-yovos (ytvos) : earlier born.
irpo-Scuis, -<?JTOS : used as aor. pass.
partic. of vpoStSdffKu, teach before-
hand.
irp6-8ofi.os : front of the house, porch.
irpo-iiK ind., irpoe'^v inf.: aor. of
TrpoujAu, send forward, send.
irpo-cpeVaw, aor. irpoepf<rffa./j.ev : row
forward.
irpo-<rav [wpoeiffav} : aor. of irpoirj/ju..
irpo-x<i> and irpovx w : have before,
stretch out, extend.
irpo-^KTis, -cs, sharpened, tapering.
irpo-Ocw, iterative impf. wpoetfffice : run
forward, run in advance.
irpo-0vpov: porch. PL used as singular.
TTpo-tSwvTai : aor. SUbjv. of irpoopdu.
Trpo-ii\[u, partic. irpoieiffa, impf. irpoteiv,
aor. Trpo^ij/ce, pi. irpoeffav \irpo fi<ra.v~\,
inf. irpotnev: send forward, send
forth, let go, send.
irpoiKos : adv. without return.
irpo-KaXeco and irpo-Ka\io|j,ai, aor. im v.
TrpoKaXecrvai : call forth, challenge.
irpo-Ki|xai : lie before, lie in readiness.
UpoKpis, -iSos : daughter of Erech-
theus and wife of Cephalus. X 321.
irpo-Xciirto, aor. partic. itpo\nr<jiv, perf.
irpo\t\onrev : desert, abandon.
irpo-nvrjo-Tivoi, pi. 3 : one after the
other, opposed to S.IM irdrrts.
Trpo-jioXiiv : see irpoj3\wffKw.
n-p6(ios: champion, foremost fighter.
irpo-vob>, aor. inf. irpovorjffai : devise.
irpo-opdw, aor. subjv. wpotSuvrat : see
before (me).
irpo-irdpoi9(v) : adv. with gen. , before,
in front of; formerly.
irpo-iras, -iraira, -TTO.V : all. Cf. fi?ras.
irpo-irtirrw, aor. partic. irpoirfabvTts :
bend fur ward ; partic. throwing them-
selves on the oars.
irpo-po> : flow forward, flow.
irpos, irport, or irorL: adv. and prep.
to, toward, on, in addition, besides,
moreover.
(1) With ace., to, towards. <f>tp<av
irp6j idova, bearing it to a column;
ffKiSvavro ?r/)6s Sw/xara, scattered to
their homes , ovrd/j.fvai irpds ffrijOos,
wound in the breast.
(2) With gen., from, in the eyes of,
on the side of. irptn Ai6s, under the
care of Zeus.
(3) With dat., on, at. wp6s *-rpr;<ri
/3aX<ii>, casting upon the rocks.
irpoo--aXei<j>&> : anoint (upon).
irpo<r-avSd(i> > impf. trpoffijvduv : address,
speak to.
irp(xr-i.ir : aor. of irp6ff<j>ir)tj.i.
irport]vSa : see irpo<rai/5eiw.
irp6(r6(v) : adv. with gen., before, in
front of.
irpo(r-Xc'-yo|i<u, aor. Trpoo-^Xe/cro: lie near.
Trpo<r-irXd5, aor. partic. irpoffTreXdffai :
bring upon, drive on.
irpoer-iriXvajiai : draw near to.
7rpo<r-irXd5<) : strike upon.
irpo(r-(also iroTi-)irTv<r<ro|iai, fut. irpo<r-
TTT^erat, aor. subjv. irpoffirTijo/Mi :
address, greet, apply to, turn to.
irpoo--Ti0Ti(u, aor. irpoff{Oi}Kfv : place (at)
there.
irpo'<r-<|>T]|u, impf. Tfpoff^ifv, aor. irpo<r-
eiirov \Trpo<? tiirov~\ : address, say to.
irpo<r-4>vu>, aor. partic. irpoo-0i/s: grow
to, cling to.
irpo<r-4>uv' : address, speak to.
irpoo-w : adv. forward, onward.
88
VOCABULARY TO THE
irpoTtpos (irpo) 3 : comp. before, sooner,
(born before), older, former.
irportpw : adv. farther, forward, in.
trpori : see irpfa.
irpo-Tf0ii(u, impf. irpfciffev [irpofriOfffav,
47 p] : place before.
irpoTi-|iv0&>|i,ai, aor. inf. v /JOT ijuOflij <ra-
<r0ai -. address, speak to.
irpOTi-o'o-o-Ofieu : look upon, see.
irpo'-rovos : fore-stay of a ship ; two of
which held the mast from falling
backward. Cf. Itrirovos.
irpo-rptirw, aor. subjv. TrpOTpdnrijTai :
turn forward, turn.
irpov4>cuvE : impf. of irpotj>alvw.
irpov\o\)(riv : see irpo^x u -
irpo-<j>aiv, impf. irpoij<pa.ive: show forth,
shine; mid. appear.
Trpo-4>epe'o"repos 3 : superior.
irpo-4>epo-To,Tos : most excellent.
irpo-4>epw : offer, present.
irpo-<f>evY<>, aor. partic. wpo<f>vyuv : flee
forth, aor. escape.
irpo'-4pa<rcra : fern, of irp6<f>puv.
irpo'-4>p<i>v, -ofos: always pred., with
willing heart, readily, freely. 59 a.
irpo-xoaC (x^) pi. : mouth of a river,
irpo'-xoos (x^ w ) : pitcher, ewer.
npv(Avvs, -T?OJ: a Phaeacian. 112.
After; Mate, since the stern was
the mate's post. Cf. Upupevs.
ifpv\ivr\ : aft, stern of a ship. This
may be an adj. (vpvfjivbs) except v84.
irpup.vT|oria pi. : stern-hawsers.
irpv(ivo's 3 : last, lowest part, vrjl 8' tvl
irpvuvy, in the (back part) stern of
the ship.
: in her early womanhood.
: in his early manhood.
Ilpiopevs, -ijos : a Phaeacian. 6 113.
Bowker ; Skipper, since the place of
the boat's commander was at the
prow. Cf. Upvuvevs.
irpwpT) : prow. M 230.
npomvs, -^QJ (protean) : sea-god,
whose home was near * Egypt.
5 365 ff.
irpwrwrra and irpwrio-rov (Trporros) :
adv. first of all. rd -a-puriera, that
first time.
rrpwTo-irXoos : (sailing for the first
time), new.
irpwros (irpti) 3 : first, foremost. irpQrov
and irpura, adv. with or without the
article, first, at first, once.
iTTtpo'-cis, -ejros : winged.
irrtpov : wing.
irTpv|, dat. pi. irreptiyeffaiv: wing.
imf|(r<r, aor. fimji-av : crouch, cower.
irroXefxos : see 7r6\e/nos. 33 i.
n-ToXUOpov (7r6\{x): city, town. 33 i.
irroXi.-ir6p0i.os and irroX-irop0os (irtp-
0u) : sacker of cities.
irroXis, -ios : see 7r6\is, city.
: branch of a tree.
, aor. partic. irrii^aara. : fold.
irrx6s ' beggar.
irvy-p.a'Xos : boxer.
iru-yovo-ios : adj. of a cubit, a cubit in
length.
iru0T]ai [iriJtfij]: see wvrO&fOfHU.
irv0fii]v, -tvos : base, foot.
irv0o|jiai: rot, waste, decay. Distin-
guished by the length of the stem-
vowel from forms of irvvOdvo/j.a.i.
IIvOw, dat. Hi>0oi : Pytho, the later
Delphi, seat of the Pythian oracle,
which is mentioned in Homer only
in 80, X 581. IIi;0cD5e, to Pytho.
irvKa : adv. firmly, solidly.
irvKa<i>, aor. inf. irvKdffai : hide, con-
ceal, cover.
irvKi-n.T]8^s, -tos : careful, prudent.
ITVK(I)VO'S 3 : thick, dense, close, strong ;
prudent.
= prudently, skilfully.
: adv. (thickly), very.
ITVKVO'S : see ITVKIVOS.
irvX-dpTi]s : gate-keeper.
irvXai pi. : gate.
X277.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
89
IIvXioi pi. : uf Pylus, Pylians.
IIvXos fern. : Pylus, a town on the west
coast of Peloponnesus, the home of
Nestor. Before its bay lay the
island Sphacteria, which was im-
portant in the Peloponnesian War
(425 B.C.), and in its bay (the mod-
ern Bay of Navarino) was fought
(Oct. 20, 1827) the naval battle
which ended the Greek war of inde-
pendence, a 93, /3214,74ff.,X285.
IlvXovSt : adv. to Pylus.
irvjiaTos 3 : last, uttermost.
iruv0dvo|iat or ircvOofiai, opt. irevftoiaro
( 47 n), fut. partic. irevff6fievos, aor.
irv66fjn)v, subjv. jrt/0r;ai [iri500], perf.
irtirvff/uii : learn by inquiry, ascer-
tain, learn.
irtig (pugnus): adv. with the fist, in
boxing.
irvp, gen. trvp6s neut. : fire.
irup-d.Yp'H (ayptu): tongs.
irup-aKTo : make to glow, char.
n-vpyos : tower, wall.
irup-yow, aor. irtipyuffav : fortify.
trvp-f] : funeral pyre .
irvpt]-4>o'pos : wheat-bearing.
trupi.--f\Kr\<s, - : fiery-pointed.
IIvpi-4>XY9wv, -OPTOS : Pyriphlegethon
(Burning with fire), n river in Hades
K 513. Cf. Milton's ' Fierce Phlege-
thon | Whose waves of torrent fire
inflame with rage,' Par. Lost, ii. 580.
iriipos : wheat.
irvp-iroXe'w : tend (watch) fires.
irw : encl. yet, in any way. Cf. TTWS.
iruXlopai, 2 sing. irwMai ( 50 /),
partic. TTwXeiVevot ( 27 b), iterative
impf. irwXfoKeTo : go (come) often,
resort.
ira>p.a, -arcs : cover.
irws : how, in what way t
irto(s) : encl. in any way, perchance.
irww, nom. pi. Trwea, dat. irutai. : flock
of sheep.
P.
pa : enclitic form of &pa.
: wand, rod.
: Rhadamanthys, son of
Zeus and Europa, brother of Minos.
8 564, if 323. He was not yet made
judge in the realm of Hades.
j, subjv. pair/ffi, impf. Zppait, fut.
inf. paifftfjLfvai, aor. inf. paiffai : dash
in pieces, wreck.
paKos. -eos : rag.
pdirrw : (sew together), contrive.
p : impf. of ptw, flow.
p0pov (ptui): stream.
pt'Sw, impf. ptfrv, fut. pfw, aor. epe^a :
do, work, offer sacrifice. See epSu.
ptia [p^Stws]: easily, at ease, without
ado. Esp. peta fwovrej, of the gods,
who ' live at ease. '
'PeiOpov : an Ithacan harbor, men-
tioned only a 186.
pcpviruplva : perf. of pvir6w.
pt'w, impf. eppeev and ^e, aor. faty
( 54 g) (a-pe/:-) : flow, drop off.
pi)Y|i(v, -tvos : beach, breaking waves,
surge.
p-f\yvv\Li, aor. epprj^e (fpay-, f ran go) :
break, shatter.
pijYos, -oj : rug, coverlet.
pr] 18105 [paoios] : easy, prudius, easily.
Cf. pfia.
pr|io-Tos 3 : most at ease.
'Pt]TJvwp, -opos : Rhexenor. t; 63.
pri-T|vwp, -opos: rank-breaking, brave.
Epithet of Achilles. 5 5.
piytw, aor. piyrifffv: shudder.
pi-yos, -eos (frigus): cold.
pa (irort): root.
pi6a>, aor. tppl^wrev, perf. tpptfwrat :
root, plant firm.
6i(i4>a: adv. swiftly.
pivos or plvov : hide, akin, buckler.
ov : mountain ridge, headland.
piiTT) : cast, throw.
90
VOCABULARY TO THE
pCirrw, iterative plirraaKf (prob. better,
pt\f/affKe), aor. fppt\f/e -. hurl, cast, toss.
pfs, gen. plv6s : nostril, nose.
pity, dat. pi. piireirffi : withe.
poSo-SdKTvXos : rosy-fingered.
porfj, gen. pi. poiuv (pt<a) : stream.
poOios : roaring, surging.
poifSSeu, aor. opt. poipSr/ffetev : swallow
noisily, suck down.
polios : whistling, hissing.
poiV] : pomegranate.
poos (ptta) : stream.
poiroXov: stick, club.
poxBc'w : surge.
pvr\ : aor. of ptw, flow.
pvop.ai, aor. ippdcraro, opt. pixrairo : pro-
tect, save, hide. Cf. epv/Mi.
pvira pi. : defilement, soil.
pvirdu, partic. pvirouvra, perf. pepvird)-
ntva: partic. soiled.
pvros : dragged (i.e. too large to carry).
p\|/, ace. pi. pwiras: bush, shrub.
o-d : neut. pi. of <r6y, thine.
o-aivu> : wag the tail, fawn.
s, -T/OS : son of Aeolus. X 236.
or 2d|ios, fern. : Samos, island
near Ithaca, o 246, 5 671, 845, 1 24.
o-avi8es pi.: wings, valves of a door.
o~ao-4>p<ov, -ovos [trw0pwv] : of sound
mind, discreet.
craoco, fut. <raui<r&>, aor. (^)<r<w<ra, opt.
<raw<rot, aor. pass. pi. ffdwffev [{ffuGij-
ffav], inf. ffa.<i>6rjva.i [crvfu] : save,
rescue, bring off safe.
o~dp, ace. pi. <rdp/caj : flesh.
o-d4>a: adv. clearly, exactly.
0-p^vvvp.i, 2 aor. f<r^r) : quench ; 2 aor.
intrans., cease.
ere Pas : wonder.
crc'Ocv or o-eio [<roD] : see <n>.
Seipfjvcs pi.: Sirens. Two mythical
maidens who (like the Lorelei of the
Rhine) by their sweet song lured
sailors to destruction, fj. 39 ff.
o-iw, inapf. areiov: shake.
<rt\-f\vr\ (o-Aos): moon. Cf. ^vy.
o-cXlvov : parsley, celery.
oro or o~xi [ffov\ -. see cri5.
o~ev<i>, aor. vevav, mid. <rei)aro, 2 aor.
o, perf. tcFffvraL, partic. t<rcrv-
: drive, pursue, start ; mid.
hasten, rush, am eager. Adv. from
partic., e<r<rvfj^t>ws, quickly, hastily.
o-fj : dat. fern, of o-6s, thine.
o-qKos : pen, sheep-fold.
o-fj|ia, -arcs : sign, mark, token, monu-
ment, mound.
o~r)|iatva>, fut. <r-ri/j.av^(>} : direct, give in-
dications.
o-rjo-i [crats]: dat. of <r6s, thine.
o-0vos, -eoj : strength.
o-ia\os : fat hog.
, -evros : shining.
: adv. dat., silently.
3 : of iron, iron.
: iron. Iron was little used in
Homeric times. See x<*X/c6s.
2i56viot pi. : Sidonians. S 84. Tyre,
the other and younger Phoenician
city, is not mentioned by Homer.
trit<a : (' sizz '), hiss. ' Onomatopoetic.'
o-ivofxai, iterative impf. fflvivKovro :
harm, distress, harass.
SivTus pi. : earliest inhabitants of
Lemnos. A 594, 6 294.
2to-v<f>os : Sisyphus of Corinth, son of
Aeolus, compelled in Hades to roll
up-hill a stone which continually
rolled back. Z 153 ff., X 593. His
offence is not stated.
O-ITOS : wheat bread, but not leavened
('raised'), nor made in loaves of
modern size ; (of course, too, the
flour was coarser than modern meal,
and ' unbolted '); food, victuals.
<riTo-<j>6/yos : bread-eating. Epithet of
men as distinguished both from the
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
91
gods who lived on ambrosia and
nectar, and from the beasts of the
field and the forest.
<rioirji : adv. dat., in silence.
O-KCUOS (scaecus): left, western.
o-KcUpw : skiii.
o-Ka<J>ts, -idos: bowl.
crKcSdvvu|ii, aor. (rutdafft, i
<TOV : scatter, dispel.
oTKt'Seuris, -ws : scattering.
Otlij, make a scattering, is a circum-
locution for <TKeSd<reie.
o-Kirapvov : adze. Smaller than the ax
(irAews), and used to smooth timber
already hewn.
<ncn-as : shelter, protection (avtfwio,
from the wind).
<TKcirdci>, 3 pi. ffKfwbwffi : protect, ward
off.
<TKirro|uu, aor. partic.
look.
O-KtlTTTOVXOS (ffKTJITTpOV, % W ) '
bearing. Epithet of kings.
o-KTjirrpov : sceptre, staff. Princes,
priests, and heralds carried each a
fficrjirrpov as a symbol of authority.
: brace (my)self.
i, impf. ffKiixavro : am shaded,
am in shadows.
<rK(Sva|iai, impf. tffKlSvarro : scatter,
disperse.
a-Ki^j : shadow, shade (ghost).
O-KIO-CIS, -fvros : shadowy, with refer-
ence esp. to the shadows cast on
mountains by clouds or peaks, or
shadow-casting, of the clouds them-
selves. Of the fifyapov a 365.
<ric6Xot|/, dat. pi. aKo\t>irfffffiv : paling,
palimde.
o-Ko-n-eXos : cliff, peak.
<ncoiridca : watch.
o-Kom'fj (<TKcir-): look-out, watch, height
from which an extended view can
be obtained.
o-Koir6s: watchman; aim, intention.
<TKvXo, -OKOJ : whelp, puppy.
ZKvXXt) (<rici/Xa| ?) : Sct/lla, a monster
which lived in a rocky cavern not
far from Charybdis. /* 85 f., 261 ff.
Later writers assigned her to the
Strait of Messina, between Italy and
Sicily. Cf. ' Vex'd Scylla bathing
in the sea that parts | Calabria from
the hoarse Trinacrian shore,' Milton,
Par. Lost, ii. 660 f.
Zxvpos : Scyrus, island of the Aegean
sea, northwest of Chios, where
Achilles's son Neoptolemus was
born and bred. X 509.
(TKut)/, noin. pi. (TKuiires : owl.
o-fip8oX'os 3 : frightful, terrible, fftup-
SaMov, adv. terribly.
o-fiTJx : rub off.
SoXvfiot pi.: Solymi, ancient inhabi-
tants of Lycia. Z 184, 204, e 283.
<r6os or o-dos, ercis (sanus) : safe.
r6s (<rfy 3 : thy, thine, for thee, of thee.
Soxiviov : Sunium, the southernmost
point of Attica ('Cape Colonna').
7 278. At the highest part of the
promontory stand the ruins of a
temple of Athena.
ZirdpTT) : Sparta, capital of Lacedae-
mon, home of Menelaus. a 93,
X 460.
Sirdpni-0v : adv. from Sparta. S 10.
<rrrdw, aor. <T7ra<ra/iji', partic. ffiraffffd-
Itevos : draw, pull.
o-imos : see <rir6>s, cave, grotto.
o-irctpov : canvas, sail, shroud, pi. sails,
clothes.
<rirtv8w, 2 pers. subjv. ffirti>8ri<r6a, iter-
ative impf. ffirtvSfffKov, aor. tffirfurav,
ffweiffav, subjv. ffireiffo^v, iterative
ffireiffaffKe : pour a libation (ffirovS^i).
cnr^os or o-ircios, gen. <nreios or <nre/oi'j,
dat. crirrji, dat. pi. avtaai, <TT^e<r<ri,
or (perhaps) <nr&<rt : cave, cavern,
grotto.
, -aroj : Seed.
92
VOCABULARY TO THE
| opt. mid. a-irepxaiaro : hasten,
strive, blow high (of winds); partic.
making haste, in haste.
(TircVOai : aor. of iro/xai, follow.
<riri<r<r\. : dat. pi. of <rirtos.
o-irvSw, aor. <rirevffe (studium): make
haste, perform with haste.
<nrr\i. : dat. sing, of ffirtos.
orriXdSts pi. : reefs.
o-wXa-yx*"* pi. : vitals, i.e. lungs, heart,
and liver.
o-iroYYOs: sponge, a 111.
<riroSi4j : heap of ashes, e 488.
o-iroS6s fern. : ashes, i 375.
<rirov8fi (<rireij5u) : with difficulty.
: line used as a rule, chalk-line.
: door-post, column; stable,
farm-building, farm-yard. ffraOftAvde,
to the farm-yard.
<rra.ir\ : aor. opt. of ?ori7/u.
<rrap(v, -ivos (ftrrtyu): brace.
eras, o-rao-a : aor. partic. of i<TTi)fju.
<rra4>vXVj : cluster of grapes.
oT|3w, impf. trreTpov: tread, tramp.
o-TiXav : stowed away. See o-T^XXw.
<TTiX.i6v : 7ieZe of an axe. e 236.
o-Ttivo(iai : am crowded, burdened.
<TTiv-a)ir6s (<SjriJ ?) : strait of the sea.
o-Tcipa : subst. fceeZ, cut-water.
orcipa: fern. adj. barren, farrow.
<rnx : go, come.
or^XXw : fut. OTeX^w, aor. ffret\a.v :
send; provide; stow away the sails.
o-Tva\ w and <rrtva.\ta, oTcvdxo|i.ai :
groan, lament.
<rrpvov : breast.
ortpoirfj : flash, gleam.
orcvpai : assert by word or manner.
(TTcDro Sufsdwv, stood as one thirsting.
o-Tcj)av6w, perf. to-Tt<f>dvwr(u : crown ;
perf. pass. Aas been set as a crown,
crowns.
(TT^(j>w : crown, heap upon.
<rrf) [effTrj] : took (his) stand, stood,
aor. of '{ffrijfu, place, cause to stand.
<rrti0os, dat. pi. ffTJiOanri : breast.
a-T-(\\i\ : slab, monument, gravestone.
<TTT|fitVCU [ffTTJVai] '. SC6 IffTIJfJLl.
<rTT)pi5, aor. <rTi)pla.i : stand firm.
<rTfj<ra, o-rfjemv KT\. : see iffr^^u.
<rTi|3ap6s > : stoui, strong.
o-TipapwTcpos : (thicker), heavier.
a-rtpTj : hoar-frost.
(TTiXp : gleam.
O-TXS pi. : rozos, ranks.
rrojia, -aroj : mouth, lips.
rTovax^i (<TTfi>dx<>>): groan.
a-Tov6-is, -tffoa. : mournful, sad.
<TTOpvi5(U, aor. (t)ffT6pe<rav, inf. ffropfoai:
spread ; with S^j-ia or X^x^, to make
up a bed; with wbvrov, calm the sea.
Srpartos : son of Nestor. 7 413.
a-rparos (ffr6pvvfj.i) : army.
o-Tpv-yo|xai : pine away.
o-Tpc'(|>(i>, aor. partic. o-rpfyaj, pass.
<rTpefp6eis : turn, twist, entwine. x e P a ^ v
ffTpe<t>6ei$, clutching.
o-Tpa>4>d<i> : twist, spin.
o-Tvypos (o-rvytu) 8 .- hateful, hated,
gloomy.
<rr\rY, aor. opt. 0Ttfcu/u, 2 aor. ecrrv-
yov : hate, abhor ; 1 aor. make hateful,
dreaded.
STV{J, gen. Sru-yfo: Styx, a stream of
the lower world, e 185, K 514. Cf.
Milton's ' Abhorred Styx, the flood
of deadly hate,' Par. Lost, ii. 577.
<ru, gen. <reTo, <rto, crev, ff^Oev, dat. <rol,
rot, Tftv, acc. <rt : 2 pers. pron., thou.
Possessive <r6s. <reO, <rot, rot, and at
may be enclitic when unemphatic.
<rv-pwTT)s = swine-herd.
<nry-x&, aor. inf. a-i^x^ 01 : confound,
overcome.
criies : szwine. See <rvs.
(rtKT] : fig-tree.
O-VKOV : fig.
<rvX-X^w, aor. partic. (ri>XX^as: collect.
<rvp.-pdXXw, aor. mid. partic. (rv/j.p\-/i-
nevos: bring together ; mid. meet.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
93
<rv(i-iravTs pi. : all together.
o-u|jL-4>pdop.ai, aor. tvfi+pdffvn : coun-
sel with, advise.
<rvv and vv : adv. and prep, with dat.,
with, together with, together. <ri>v
ndXiflftv, covered together, i.e. com-
pletely.
o-vv-a-ytipio : gather, collect.
o-w-d-yw, iinpf. vuvayev : bring together.
o-uv-dvTonai, impf. ffw^vrero : meet.
<rvv-S, aor. ffvvtS-rjffa -. bind together.
o-vv-et'p-yo) : bind together.
o-wv-epiOos : co-worker, helper, f 32.
(ruv-tppTjKTai : see <rvppJiyvv(u.
<rvv-x& adv. : continuously. t74. 62.;.
o-uv-Tjopos (ffwaeipu) : mate, consort.
<ruv-Ti0T|ni, aor. ffvvOero [ffvvtOifKc] : com-
prehend, hear.
<TVV-TPIS : three together, by threes.
o-up-pTi-yvvtUj perf. pass. <fw^ppijKT<u :
crush ; perf. broken down.
<rvs, nom. pi. <rfes, ace. pi. <rOs (Cs, s u s,
sow): pig, hog, boar.
[<rv-<rraris, -toj (ffvvlffrrini): introduc-
tion. ]
rv<j>t(i)6s (<rvs): pig-stye.
o-v4>cov-Se : to the pig-stye.
cr<J>da>, aor. <r<pdeii, perf. pass. t<r<t>ay-
ntva: cut the throat, slaughter by
opening the large artery of the neck.
tr<j>aipa (sphere): ball.
cr4>a.pa^e'ofj.cu, impf. o-cpapayevvro :
crackle; am full to bursting. .
<r<t>ds : see o-06j , their own.
<r4>eas ace., vQtwv gen., ff(pi(v), ff<pi<ri(i>)
dat. : pi. of the 3 pers. pron. These
may be enclitics.
o-(j)Tpos 3 and <r46s, dat. pi. fern.
ff<t>frtpr)<T<.v [<70er^pais, 37 e] 3 :
3 possessive pron. their.
o-4>o8pws : mightily, with all strength.
<r4>6s : see <r</>^Tepos, their.
o-4>vpa : hammer.
o-<j>w^ ace., oxjxoCv dat. : dual of the 3
pers. pron., they two, for them (two).
<r4>u>v : dat. dual of 2 pere. pron., for
you two.
<r\&li\ : barge, combining the qualities
of a raft and a ship.
<rx86-8v or <rxeS6v : adv. near, close
at hand, of time and place.
<r\i9f, <rx0Tw, <rx'Sov : see x w have,
hold, check.
Zx*phi : Scheria, a mythical land,
which the poet's fancy puts re-
motely and indefinitely west of
Ithaca. In historical times it was
confidently identified with Corcyra
(Corfu).
<rxr0ai inf. , <rxr0t imv. : see x w -
<rxTX.tos 3 : terrible, dreadful, cruel.
o-\Tio-is : fut. of I x w > hold, steer.
-x^w, schism): cleft-wood.
! aor. t<rxi(rev: divide, separate.
<r\oivos : bed of rushes.
<r\o|icvi), <r\v : aor. of x w i hold.
<rw: dat. of <r6s, thy.
o-w^cD : save, preserve.
o-up.a, -aros : dead body.
traia . save, protect (from notice).
<rs (fffos): safe, sure.
T.
rA : for &. See 8s, ft, 6.
ra : for at, the, these, they. See 6.
raXa-cp-yos : patient in labor.
ToXavrov : talent, prob. not a very
large weight of silver or gold ; cer-
tainly nothing like the ' talent ' of
historical times. No coined money
is mentioned in Homer, only
bullion.
TaXa-irtfpios: enduring, much-suffering,
unhappy.
Ta\a-irveT|s, -<?oj : bearing sorrow, pa-
tient.
rdXapos : l>nsket.
TaXa<rt-4>po>v, -ows (<(>p-fiv) : with en-
during mind, steadfast, stout-hearted.
94
VOCABULARY TO THE
ToXXa : by ' crasis ' for TO. dXXa, the
rest. 29.
fivu): (dispenser), house-wife.
: dispenser, steward, master.
rdfi va>, aor. partic. rafj-wv. cut.
Tava-^KT]s, -eos : long-pointed.
ravav-irovs, -TroSoj : leg-plying.
TavqXtyfjs, -^ os : long-grieving.
TdvraXos : Tantalus, father of Pelops,
grandfather of Atreus and Thyestes.
X 582 ff. (From his sufferings comes
the English word 'tantalize.')
Tavv--YX(i)<ro-os : tongue-plying.
raw-^Ktjs, ->s, long-pointed.
Tavv-ireuXos : with trailing robes.
ravwo-i-irrtpos : wing-plying, fluttering,
an epithet of general characteristic.
Tavv-4>vXXos : long-leaved.
TO.VVU), aor- (f)ravvffffe, inf. Tariffffai,
perf. TtTa.vvara.1 (rdvw) : Stretch,
draw; perf. mid. lie. Cf. nralvu.
Tdirns, -I?TOS : rug, coverlet.
Tapdr<rw, aor. ^rdpafe (rpaxfa) ' dis-
turb, throw into confusion.
Tapf&w, imv. rap/Set : fear.
Tapirri<rav, Tapirw|ie0a : see rfyirofuu.
rapo-os: wicker-basket, crate.
Tap4>c'a : adv. often.
T<xp<J>0v \_lrt p<f>Qi]ffa.v\ : see r^pirw.
ravpos (taurus): bull.
ra4>T|iov (Td<(>os) : burial robe.
Td<|>ioi. pi. : Taphians.
Td<j>os: Taphos is thought of as an
island between Ithaca and the
mainland to the north. Its inhabi-
tants are sea-faring and piratical in
Homer.
rd(j)os (Bdwru) : burial, funeral-feast.
: adv. soon, quickly, presently
: adv. most quickly.
vs -eta, -i> : swift, fleet.
T<i<ov : gen. pi. fern, of the article 6.
T (que): enclitic conj., and. rt
re, rt KO.I are correlated, both
and. T{ is appended to conjunc-
tions, relative pronouns, and adverbs
of time and cause, in order to con-
nect the clause closely with its ante-
cedent, rl ri are sometimes com-
bined with other conjunctions, as
ntv re 5^ re, fdv re dXXci re, to
show close correlation. Often the
exact force of ri in connexion with
Other particles is uncertain.
T-yos, -eos : roof ; roofed hall.
Tef) : see re6s, thy, thine.
T0aXvia, T0T|Xi : see 0dXXw, bloom.
T'0T)ira : wonder, see daw-.
TtOvao-iv, T0vT)K KT\. : see dv^ffKu.
Ttv [ffoi]: dat. sing, of <ri5.
TVW, perf. r^rarai : stretch.
TcipEcrias : Tiresias, the blind seer of
Thebes, to consult whose spirit
Odysseus went to the realm of
Hades. K 492, X 90, M 267.
reipw : distress, oppress, grieve.
Tix<>s, -eo$ : wall of a city.
relus : meanwhile. See r^ws.
TKV, TEKE(T0ai : S66 rtKTU.
TKcr<riv : dat. pi. of T<?KOS, child.
TK(iaipo|iai, aor. rex^/jaro (reK^piov):
(judge from signs), appoint, direct,
foretell.
TK(iwp : end, limit, way of escape.
TKVOV (T/KTW): child.
T^KOS, -COS, dat. pi. TCK&fffflV, T^KfffflV :
child.
r^Koitv : see TI'/CTW, beget.
TKTov(8t]s : Tectonides. See T^KTUV.
TKTo<rvv7] : art of carpentry.
TKTWV, -OTOJ : (former), builder.
TtKcoo-i : aor. subjv. of TI/CTW.
TeXafiuv, -iDws : Telamon, son of Aea-
cus, and brother of Peleus.
T(Xa|xuvidST]s : son of Telamon. X 543.
rcXafjiwv, -wvos : broad strap for the
support of shield or sword.
: equiv. to >/, am.
see reX^w.
TXr-4>6pos : end-bringing, complete.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE O1JYSSEY.
95
, fut. rt\fvrriffw, aor.
T-ri<rev, pass. inf. Te\fvrri6Tjvai : bring
to pass, fulfil, accomplish, finish;
mid. come to pass.
TcXev-rfj : end, accomplishment. reXei/-
TTJC iroiTjffai = Tf\cvTrjaai.
T\tw and reXsiw, fut. reX^w, mid. inf.
Tc\teff6ai, aor. (t)Tt\ea(<r)t, subjv.
TtX&rw, inf. Tf\tff (ff)at, perf. rer^-
Xeo-rai, aor. pass. (t)Te\4<r6ri (rAos):
complete, fulfil, accomplish, perform.
I/nap rt\eff' ijwj, dawn, (perfected)
fully ushered in the day.
TtXVj-cts, -ecros : perfect, unblemished.
(Possibly, efficacious.)
rt'XXw, plpf. pass. TeVaXro: command,
entrust to (with Vf).
reXos, -eoj : end, issue.
reaves, -foj (rtfivta, templum) :
(ground set apart), consecrated
ground, sanctuary, royal domain.
Tt\if(n\ : the later Td/toiros, a place in
Cyprus famous for its wealth of
copper. (This metal takes its name
from that island ; cf. late-Latin
cuprum, aes Cyprium.)
TC|j.v<i> : cut, cleave, y 175. Cf. rdfjLvw.
TmSos : island in the Aegean Sea,
near the coast of the Troad. 7 159.
T^VWV, -OCTOS : tendon, sinew.
T'eis : fut. of Tt/crw, bear.
rio [TOV, T/WJ] : gen. of T/J, who f
r6s [ffis] (<rt) 3 : thy, thine.
re'pas, -oos : sign, portent.
reptrpov: auger.
^v, neut. rtp^v : soft, tender.
, -arcs : limit.
Tpirw, mid. r^piro/jMi, aor. rep^d/xews,
2 aor. subjv. (Te)Tapir(i/x(o')^ni partic.
, aor. pass. ra.pirri<Ta.v,
rdp<p6fi>, subjv. rpairdo-
nev ( 54 d), opt. rep<p6driTe : cheer,
give pleasure; mid. and pass., take
pleasure, make merry, delight, enjoy
myself.
Tcpm-Kt'pauvos (rptirw, 34) : wielder
of the thunderbolt. Epithet of Zeus.
repo-opai, aor. inf. repff^nevai : dry.
tiffffe 8a.icpv6(piv Ttpffomo, his eyes were
dried from tears.
Tcp\|n-|if3poTos : delighter of men. /x 269.
Epithet of Helios, the sun.
Tc'o-aapts, neut. riaanpa. : four.
TtraXro : plpf. of rAXw, entrust.
Ttrdwo-TOi : perf. of ra^w, stretch.
Terapircijieo-eo : see rtpiru.
Tcrapros 3 : fourth.
Tc'raro : plpf. of reivu, stretch.
TT^X<rrai : see reX^w.
TtTvx<iTai : see rei/xw.
TTiii|iai : grieve.
TTt(iT]Tai : see n^du, honor.
: see rXijcro/xat.
and tTT|w(v): aor. found.
^wos : of four acres (using the
English acre in its primitive indefi-
nite sense).
rerpaCvw, aor. r^rpiji/e : bore.
TTpd-Kis : four times.
Terpd-KVKXos : four-wheeled.
TTp-<iopos : joined four together, four-
spanned.
TTpairro : plpf. of rp^irw, turn.
: fourth. See T^raproj.
: adv. into four pieces.
TtTpr]vv : aor. of rerpalvu, bore.
TtTvynva : well made. See reiJxw.
TCTVKOVTO : aor. of rei/xw, prepare.
TTv\TjK : is. See TVYX^ VW -
rev [T4v6j] : enclitic gen. of T.
Ttvxta, dat. reuxfffiv pi.: arms, weap-
ons, armor ; tackle (cf. 8ir\a).
TCVXW, fut. rei/, aor. $Teva, reCfe,
mid. reriLiKovTo ( 4(5 e), perf. rrreuxws,
pass. rtrvKTai, pi. TCTevxo-Tat, aor.
pass, ^rt/x^ ' make, build, make
ready, appoint, cause ; perf. and
pass., is built, is appointed, is.
, aor. rex^aro : contrive,
: art, skill, device.
96
VOCABULARY TO THE
T\v<j-is, -fffffa, fern. pi. rex^ffffcn: art-
ful, skilful, cunning, with genitive.
TxvT)t'vTs : adv. with art, skilfully.
T*w [nvi] dat., T\I>V \rlvuv\ gen. : of
T/J.
rt'ws : adv. meanwhile. See eloi.
rfj : here ! An imv. of the root ra
(retvw). It is always intrans., and
followed by another imperative.
rjj [$] : adv. where, as.
Tfl [rai/TT?]: adv. there.
rfjSt : adv. here.
Tt)K<Suv, -6vos : wasting, consumption.
TT|KO(iai : waste away, pine.
rfjXt (tele-phone) : adv. /ar, /ar away.
ri\-8air6s : o/ a distant land.
Tt)\0dw, partic. Ti)\e66uvra. : flourish ;
partic. iwxuriani, luxuriantly.
TT)\-K\eiT6s and nj\K\VT6s (/cXe"os):
/ar-/a?ned.
T^\^ a Xs = son of Odysseus and Pen-
elope ; the central figure of the first
four books of the Odyssey.
TT|\6fjios : a seer, i 509.
TTjXe'irvXos : city of Laestrygonia. K 82.
TtiX<j>C8Tis : son of Telephus (who was
a son of Heracles; wounded by
Achilles on the way to Troy ; and
whose adventures formed the theme
of a noted play of Euripides). X 519.
TijXticos : of that age, so young.
n\\6-Qfv : adv. from far away.
TT]X6-6i : adv. far away.
TiiX6-<r : to a distance, far away.
TT)XoTaT : adv. most remote.
TT)Xov : adv. far away.
njXv-ytTOs 3 : grown tall. (A word
of doubtful meaning ; perh. dearly
loved.)
T%OS: adv. then. Generally correla-
tive with ^/xos, when.
Ttiv-yeros : Taygetus, the lofty moun-
tain range which towers above
Sparta, f 103.
: fruitless, vain.
Ti0<u|3tGo-cru> : build homes, store up
honey.
rCOriiu, 2 sing. Tl6i)<r0a, pi. Ti6fi<ri (55 a),
impf. (fyrtOfi, impf. mid. Ti6t/j.e<r6a.,
fut. e-^ffu, aor. etiyKa, pi. e6e/j.ev, e&e-
ffav, Otffav, BiJKav, subjv. 6eiu [0w],
Oyy* [0ijs], opt. ^17;, pi. 6elfj.ev, imv.
0&, inf. Oeivai, dffj.ev(ai), mid. 0To,
0tro, imv. 6to, partic. W/wcos : place,
cause, make, do.
TiOuvos : son of Laomedon, brother of
Priam, and husband of Eos (Aurora).
el. He had the beauty of his fam-
ily, like Ganymede and Paris, and
thus won the love of Eos ; but she,
in asking the gift of immortality
for him from Zeus, forgot to ask
that he might enjoy eternal youth,
and, according to the later story, he
withered away, and finally became
a grasshopper.
T(KTW, fut. T^S, aor.
subjv. r^Kwa-i, mid. inf.
bring forth, bear, beget.
TtXXw : pluck, tear the hair.
Ti|id<i>, impf. ert/Ma, fut. Tlfj.Ji<Tovffi, perf.
TerijUTjTai : honor; perf. pass, is hon-
ored.
: honor.
-is, -eyros: honored, precious.
: more honored.
: most honored.
: honored.
Tiva<r<rtt, aor. nva^da-Otiv, subjv. Tivd^y:
shake, flap the wing.
rtvw, fut. rtffu. aor. (f)rtffaro, imv.
rtffai : pay ; mid. exact satisfaction,
repay ourselves, punish.
Ttirrt, TITT', or Tl$9' (rl TTOTC): why ?
why, pray?
T(S, ri, gen. T<?O, gen. pi. rtwv : interrog.
pron. who? what? rl (ace.) why?
wherefore ?
rls, r\, gen. TeO, dat. rti? and r<j5 :
enclitic indef. pron., any one, some
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
97
one, many a one. rl, any, in any
way, at all.
rurai, Ttcraro, KT\.: see rivw.
TIO-IS ; vengeance, recompense.
rterw : will pay. See TIVU.
Tira(va) : draw, stretch; mid. exert my-
self, strive.
TITVOS : Tityus, a monster punished in
Hades for an offense against Leto.
X 576. His former home was in
Euboea, ace. to ij 324.
TiTvo-Kopcu : aim, set my course.
r<j>6' : see TUTTC.
TIW, impf. rifv, aor. eriae, perf. pass.
partic. reTl/t^cos : honor.
T\T|(ro(iai fut. ; aor. tr\t]t>, opt. rXa/Tjj',
perf. inf. rerXd/tev, partic. rerX^n
(from root raX, c/. tuli): bear, en-
dure, suffer, dare, have the heart.
rol [ffoi] : enclitic, dative. See 06.
roi [ot]: who. See 5s. 45 j.
rot [01] : the, these. See 6.
TO (-yap : well then, therefore, so.
TOIOV : adv. so, prob. spoken with a
gesture, having ' deictic ' force.
TOIOS 3 : such, of quality.
roioo-Se, -i^Se, -6vSe : such, such as this,
such as that.
TOIOVTOS, neut. TOIOVTOV, neut. pi. nom.
roiavra : Such.
Toio-5<r(o-)iv : dat. of 8Se. 45 n.
TOIXOS : wall, of house or ship.
(TIKTU) pi. : parents.
: dare, have
, aor. opt.
courage.
ToXuircviw, aor. TO\V-
jrev<re : wind up,
complete, accom-
plish.
Togdi;ofi.ai: shoot with
the bow.
TOOV : bow. r6a is
often used as
singular, with ref-
erence to the dif-
r6oj<.
ferent parts of one bow. Its manu-
facture from goat horns is described
in A 105 ff.
ropvow, aor. subjv. ropvufferai. : shape
out, design.
TO(r<rd,Ki : adv. so many times, so often.
T6<r(<r)os 3 : so great, so much, so far,
so long. r6ff(ff)ov, adv. so much.
To<r(<r)6<r8t, Too-o-^jSc, To<r6v8c : so great-
as that.
TOO-O-OVTOV : adv. so great, so far.
Tore : adv. then.
TOVVCKO, (rov ivfKa): therefore, on that
account.
rocjjpa : so long, meanwhile. Freq.
correlative with 6<ppa.
rpd-yos : he goat.
rpdirt^a (for Terpd-ircfa, cf. rpiiros) :
table.
Tpairciofiev [rapirufjiev] : aor. pass, subjv.
of rtpirofjiai, enjoy myself.
rpairtVOai : see rpfirw.
rpair<(u : tread the vintage.
rpa4>fiev, Tpd(}>V : see rptyia.
rpis (tres, dm): three.
rpfiw : tremble.
rp^irw, aor. mid. Tp&j/dnevot, 2 aor.
frpairov, mid. inf. TpairtcrQai. (tor-
queo): turn.
Tp'<j)w, aor. %6pe\f/f, partic. ffptyas, 2 aor.
inf. Tpa<f>^fJv [rpaQeiv], aor. pass.
eTpa<pev, Tpd<pei> [tTp6.<t>ijffa.v] : nour-
ish, feed, nurture, rear, am nurse;
curdle; 2 aor. and pass., grew up,
was bred.
rpt\ta: run.
rptw, aor. Tptffcrav : flee in fright.
Tprjpwv, -UPOS : timid.
Tpt]Tos : perforated ; well-bored ; prob.
with reference to the holes in the
framework of the bedstead, for the
straps which supported the mat-
tress.
rptixvs, rp7ix" [rpaxfc]: rough, rug-
ged, rocky.
98
VOCABULARY TO THE
TpCcuva: trident.
rptpw, aor. inf. Tpfyai: rub.
rpi-erts : adv. for three years.
Tpi-iroXo$ : thrice ploughed.
rpC-TTos, -o5os : tripod, a three-legged
stand which was placed over the
fire as a support for a kettle. In
S 129 the word may mean three-
legcied table; in /c361 a kettle.
rpCs : three times, thrice.
Tpi(r-Kai-SKaTos : thirteenth, but with-
out notion of order of rank. Tptir-
Ka.i5tica.Tos ycb O.VT&S, "I with twelve
others."
Tpt-oroixos : in three rows.
TPTO.TOS 3 : third.
TpiTo-y^vtict : Trito-born, Tritogenla.
Epithet of Athena. It is best
treated as a proper name.
TPITOS 3 : third. TO TplTov, the third
time.
Tp\a : adv. threefold, in three divi-
sions, rpixo. VVKT&S (T)v, it was in the
third part (i.e. the last third) of the
night.
Tpi\s: pi. of 6pi%, hair.
TptxOd (Tpixa.) : adv. into three pieces.
Tpu|/<u : aor. of Tplfiw, rub.
Tpoir\ : (1) the Troad, Troy, the coun-
try in the northwest corner of Asia
Minor with "IXtoj as its capital.
(2) The city of Ilios, Troy, itself.
8 146. (Strictly adj. of Troy, sc.
777 or 7r6Xu.)
Tpo(T]-6v : adv. from Troy.
TpoT)v-S : adv. to Troy.
os : keel.
os : thong, strap (lit. twist) by
which the oar was so fastened to
the upright thole-pin (/C\T?I'S) that it
played freely upon it as upon a
fulcrum.
Tpo4>o|iai (Tpt<pu) -. swell, tower up.
Tpo<t>6-is, -fffffa. : adj. swollen.
Tpo4>6s (rpt<p<a) fern.: nurse.
os (T/^X W ) : wheel, round mass.
Tpvydw, pi. Tpvy6u<ri : pluck, gather
grapes.
TpwTravov: auger, drill.
Tpvirdw, 3 sing. opt. rpvirqi : bore.
Tpv<j>os : fragment, part.
Tp\>x w : waste, consume, distress.
Tpw-yw : crop, eat, of mules, f 90.
Tpws pi.: dat. Tpwe<r(ri(f) and Tpu-
ffl(v) : Trojans.
Tpwfj : Trojan woman.
Tpa>x.dw, impf. Tp<j}\<i)i> (rp^x w ) : trot,
run.
Tvyx.dv, aor. subjv. Ti5x??s ? perf. TCTIJ-
Xt)Ke (T^x r l) ' chance upon, obtain ;
chance to be; perf. ren/x^e, much
like T^TVKTai, is.
: son of Tydeus, Dinnicd.
i/x^): well-prepared, sntnoth.
TVII^OS : tomb, burial-mound.
TvvSdptos : Tyndare'ds. X 298. See
TVITTW : strike, beat.
rtpos : cheese.
Tcpw, -6os : Tyro, mother qf Neleus.
j8 120, X 235 ff.
TVT06s : little, young. rvT06i>, a little.
TVXTIS : aor. subjv. of TVJX^''^-
T : in that case, therefore.
T$ [rivl] : enclitic dat. sing, of rtj.
Y.
xjo.Kiv0i.vos : hyacinthine. f 231. Cf.
Adam's ' hyacinthine locks,' Milton,
Par. Lost, iv. 301. Prob. with ref-
erence to curliness rather than to
color.
vas: swine, ace. pi. of C$.
vppio> : act insolently, am insolent.
tippis, -tos : insolence, wantonness.
ippto-T^s : insolent man.
v-ypos (hygro-meter) 3 : moist, watery.
vypr/, fern. adj. as subst., the moist,
the sea. Cf. Milton's 'O'er moist
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
99
and dry, \ O'er sea and land,' Par.
Lost, Hi. 652. vypbv, adv. damply.
vSpaivw, aor. mid. vdpr^va^vr) : wash,
mid. bathe.
uSpevw : fetch water.
v>SpT]X6s : moist, well-watered.
vSwp, gen. DSaros : water.
vi6s, gen. vlfos, vlos, dat. v'Ui, vieT, vli,
ace. via, vttv, voc. vit, pi. nom. i/f&j,
i/fes, dat. vid<ri(v), ace. tWas, ulas :
son. 26/, 40 c.
v\r\ : wood, forest,, small wood.
vXtj-eis, -fffffa. : woody.
vfitis, gen. vn^uv, dat. VIMV, VLU.V, V/JLIJ.I(V),
O^as: plural of 2 pers. pron., ye,
ym.
v(ATpos (ii/uets) 3 : your.
vfi(j.iv : see y/teij, you.
vjivos (hymn) : song, strain. 429.
vp.6s (y/uels) 3 : your.
v6s : gen. of Cs, hog.
vir-d-yw : tead under (the yoke).
vir-aKovw, aor. inf. vira.Kov<ra.t : (give
ear), answer.
vir-oXvo-Kw, aor. inrd\v^e: escape.
viraros : most exalted.
vir-t'ScKTO : see inroStxopuu- 56.
vir-Spa|u : see vwoTptxu-
\cirt5v, vir8v<TTO : see inroStiu.
vir-eiKw, fut. mid. wre/eat [irn-e^j?] :
j/teid.
vireip : see uir^p.
: adv. out from under, away from.
: see uiroK\ii>u.
) : run forth out from
among (his competitors).
viir-K-irpo-\v(i), aor. vireKirpo\v(ra.v: loose
away from under the yoke, unhar-
ness.
vir-K-irpo-p&, stream away from out
the depths.
xnr-K-irpo-<|>v'y, aor. opt. wreK7rpo0tf-
yoifu : escape.
iir-K-4>pw : (bear myself away down
out of the scene), speed along.
aor. v
yov : flee, escape.
{nr-6fj.ei.va : aor. of in
VTr-jivT)<rv : aor. of in
vir-vcp6c : adv. below, beneath.
vir-| : equiv. to UW^K.
vir-5-t<j>vyov : see uireK<f>f6yu.
virt'p ami vireip (super): prep, with
ace. and gen., over, abme, beyond.
(1) With, ace., inrtp o&56i>, over the
threshold ; vylx virep, over the ship ;
inrflp &\a (perhaps for inrtp ffdXa,
since d\j once began with <r), over
the sea; inrlp pdpov, beyond fate.
(2) With gen., vwtp Ke<pa\rjs, above
(his) head; inrtp X^TJTOJ, over a basin.
fiirep : for inrtp, when it immediately
follows its case. 58 c.
viTEpat pi. : braces, ropes running from
the end of the sail-yard to the deck,
by which the top of the sail could
be properly adjusted to the wind.
vircp-f3aiva>, aor. inrtpfii) : pass over,
cross.
, aor. inf. inrepf3a\tfii>: throw
(it) over.
: transgression.
viTTp-3r] : aor. of inrep^aivu.
: adv. wantonly.
: excessive, wanton.
' Yir^pia: (Overly), ancient home of the
Phaeacians. f 4.
virtp-i\<i>, aor. inrepfox* ' rise, of a star.
virtp-T]vop&i>v, -OVTOS (dtrfip): haughty.
\nrtp-1\a-u : fut. of virfpii)iu..
virtp-0v: adv. above.
wirt'p-6vnos : high-spirited.
xiircp-Ovpiov : lintel of a door.
i, fut. virep^crei : throw beyond.
iStis and 'Yirtptwv, -owj : Hy-
perion, lifty, exalted one, a name of
the sun-god, apparently formed with
adj. suffixes from vwtp. 42.
ircp-ittTOfiai, aor. wr^prrraTo : fly over,
fly beyond.
100
VOCABULARY TO THE
]: lit. over-part, over-box. Prob.
a frame to increase the depth of the
wagon-box when light and bulky
loads were to be carried, f 70.
vWprfpos : upper, esp. of the outer
flesh as distinguished from the vis-
cera (<nr\dyx va )-
xnrep4>iaXos : haughty, insolent.
\>ir6p4>idAu>s : adv. insolently.
i, aor. innfj\v0e, virffKOe, mid.
o : go under, enter.
cv: adv./ro?n her upper room.
36 c.
virepwiov, pi. as sing, virepya. : upper
room, chambers on the 'second floor.'
v>ir-^(TTT)v : promised. See v<pi<rTi)fju.
vir-<r\TO : see viriaxona-i-
vnr-TJ\0TO, vir^\v0 : see virtpxona.1.
iir-t]VTJTT|s (virr}vrf) : bearded. irp&rov
vTrrjirriTj], just bearded.
vir-Tjotos (i?ws) : adj. at break of day.
i>ir-La-\o\i.a.\., aor. inrtcxero : promise.
IJTTVOS (somnus): sleep.
virvtiw : slumber, sleep.
viro : adv. and prep, under, beneath.
VTT e/JifipVOV TJKtV (KOLffTTI, put tt SUCk-
ling under each ; virb \ira Trerdo-craj,
spreading a linen cloth beneath ; virb
dt Oprfvvs irofflv 1jev, but below was a
stool for the feet.
(1) With ace., virb fvybv ^yayev,
led under the yoke; virb irbvrov edv-
ffero, sank beneath the sea ; <pdos
otxed' virb f60o', the light is gone
under the darkness ('into the west').
(2) With dat., virb iro<rcriv ^Sr/a-aTO
irt8i\a., she bound her sandals under
her feet; inrb NTJ^, at the foot of
Neum ; inrb nvt]ffTT)paiv Sa/jLeiri, may
be slain by the suitors.
(3) With gen., under, by. virb
o-rtpvoio rdvvfffffv, stretched under his
breast ; f\v<rav vit.b fvyov, released
from under the yoke ; virb
s, lifted by a wave.
viro : for vir6, when it immediately
follows its case. 58 c.
Viro-Ppvx a : ace. as if from a nom.
vit(>ppv. With 077/ce, put under water.
viro-SdfivT]|u, 2 sing. pass. viroSdfj.vaffai:
pass, am subject.
viro-8t8, aor. imv. wroSeiVare : fear,
shrink before. 62 h /3.
viro-8^x<>H iai > aor - virtdeKTo : undertake,
promise.
viro-S|As : underling, vassal.
viroSpa : askance, darkly.
V7ro-6vo[iai, aor. virtdv and inrfSvfftTo,
partic. virodvffa: sink into, creep over;
with gen. , come forth from.
uiro-0'f|(rai : fut. of viroriOri/M.
viro-Kptvojxai [diroKpii>o/j.ai~\ : answer.
\nro-K\tvw, aor. pass, as mid. \nreK\iv0r):
lay down under.
vir6-KVK\os : (ivheeled-beneath), with
castors.
v-rro-Kvofjiai, aor. partic. viroKixra^vi] :
conceive.
uiro-XtCirw, impf. mid. vire\fiirero : mid.
remain.
wiro-Xww, aor. uTrACo-o: loose from under
(the rams).
viro-(Xvw, aor. virt/j-five : remain.
xnro-fiip.v^(TKw, aor. virtfj.vii<re : remind,
cause to remember.
wiro-vVjios : at the foot of (lying beneath)
ML Neum.
viiro-irepKa, : gradually take on color.
viro-a-a-tio) : shake below, turn.
vnro-CTTas : see v(pi<rTr]fu.
viro-<TTp<}>, aor. partic. {nroffTptyas :
turn about, turn.
vnnS-(rx<ris, -tos : promise.
oiro-TiflTi(xi, fut. viroQ^ffonai : suggest.
uiro-Tpe'xw, aor. inr^dpanf : run under
(weapon or outstretched arm),
vir-ovpdvios : under heaven, i.e. on
earth.
viro-<{>0dv<i>, aor. mid. partic. viro(pf)d'
ntvos : come before, anticipate.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
K'l
VITTIOS : adj. supine, on his back.
vs, gen. Ms : hog, swine. See <rOt.
uo-(itvt] : battle, conflict.
vo-Tariov : adv. at lust, last.
vo-raros : last, last of all. vffrarov
and vffrara adv., last, finally.
6<rTpov : adv. later, hereajter. it \>are-
pov, a second time.
v4>cuvo>, iterative impf. wftaiveffKev, aor.
partic. v<pTfivat : weave, contrive.
v4>avros 3 : woven.
v<j>acr(ia, -arcs (ixpaivu) : web, garment.
i>4>da>, pi. iHpowffi : weave.
v(j>-o"rt]p.i : undertake.
{j\|/-a-y6pT]s : (big-talker), boaster.
vi\J/-ept<}>T|s, -& : high-roofed.
v\|/T]X.6s 3 : high, lofty.
vi\Jn-pp(iTT]s (pptfjLw) : high-thunderer.
v\|/i-Kps (Ktpas): with lofty horns.
uxJu-KOfios and u\j/i-irTTjXos : with lofty
foliage, with high branches, high-
crowned.
vx|/6-8ev : adv. from on high.
v\|/-6po<t>os : high-roofed. See bf/fpe<f>r)s.
v\|/6-<rf : on high, int.0 the air.
\i\|/ov : adv. high out.
Stt, partic. M/uevos: wet; mid. partic.
in the rain.
<|>advTaTOS ((paeivk) : brightest.
4>a-y'p.6v [0a7tj'] inf., <|>aYr|<ri
subj v. , 4><ryoi opt. , <j>d-yo(iv ind. : aor.
of to-Oiu, eat.
4>a0ov<ra: Pha'ithusa (gleaming), a
nymph, y. 132. Cf. Phatthon as an
epithet of the sun, and Phoebus as
a by-name of Apollo.
4>a('0v, -OJTOS : bright, gleaming.
4>auv6s (0doj) 3 : flashing, shining.
4>aeivw (0dos): ffte ii^W, s^me.
4>aftri-[jippoTos : giving light to mortals.
4>aiSi(xos : king of Sidon. S 617.
<f>a(Si|jLOs : illustrious, glorious.
3>aC8pT] : Phaedra, daughter of Minos
of Crete, wife of Theseus of Athens.
She became enamored of her step-
son Hippolytus and, repulsed by
him, caused his death and com-
mitted suicide.
"la(TiKs, dat. &at-fiKeff<ri(v) pi.: Phaea-
cians, a mythical maritime people
whose island was later identified
with Corcyra (Corfu). This island
is the scene of the action of books
f-0, and the story of -/* is told to
the Phaeacian king Alcinoiis.
<)>aiT]s : opt. of <t>i}fu, say.
<J>aivojjLvt]-<J>iv: dat. fern, of pres. pass,
partic. of <pa.ii>u.
4>aiv<i>, iterative inf. <f>a.ivfoKtTo, aor.
opt. (f>i)veie, inf. <f>^vai, fut. pass.
<t>avfi<r6ai, aor. pass. <f<ivri, subjv.
(pav/iy [<t>a.vfi}, partic. <j>avtls, itera-
tive <pdveffKf (0dos) : give light, show,
cause to appear, utter, gite (S 12);
pass, appear. Cf. <t>atii>w.
: Cretan town, y 296.
j>dv [0a<rav] : see <f>r)(J.i.
4>dv<rK : iterative aor. pass, of <t>a.lvu.
<j)dos, -eos, and <J>6cos [0ws] : light.
4>aprpT] : quiver.
4>dp|iaKov : herb, drug, poison.
4>ap(idcro-cij : temper.
<f>dpos : island near Egypt. S 355.
4>dpos, -eos : cloak, robe. See x^ a ' va -
4>dpvy^, gen. (frdpvyos : gullet.
4>d<rYavov : sword.
4>dcr0ai: inf. mid. of (pij/j.i.
4>da-K : iterative impf. of <pr)/j.t.
4)dns : (speech), report.
<t>dro [0i?] : impf. mid. of fani, say.
4>drvTi : crib, manger.
4>i8o(iai, aor. opt. Trf<pi5olfj.ijv : spare.
(<}>v-) aor. ir4>v : see irtyvf, kill, slay.
4>cpa( pi. : a town in Thessaly, on
Lake Boebe'is.
4<pTjs, -IJTOS . founder of *epaf, father of
Admetus(husband of Alcestis). X259.
102
VOCABULARY TO THE
<j>(pi<rros : best. 4>lprrc, good sir.
<f>^pTo,Tos: best, bravest.
4>pTtpos : better.
jx'pw, iterative impf. ^Ipea-xe, fut.
i, aor. yveinav, eveiKav, imv.
ff^ru, inf. ol<rt/j.fi>(ai.) (fero,
bear): carry, bear, bring, bear away.
v-y, aor. <t>fryov, perf. partic. ire<j>fv-
76r, we<j>vy/j.tvos (f U g i o) : flee,
escape.
rj [0*?]: impf. of 017/i/.
: (saying), vocal omen, omen.
(, 3 pi. <t>a.<rl, subjv. #1777, ^>5<7iv
[077, 47 a], opt. ipalijs, impf. ec^,
2 sing. e<t>t]ff0a, <j>rjs, 3 sing. 6^17, <f>fj,
1 pi. </>a/j.{v, 3 pi. e<j>affa.v, <f>d<rav, <f>av,
ind. mid. 2 pi. <j>dff8e, partic. <f>a^v^,
iterative impf. efiavKov, (f>da-Kev
(fari): say, assert, say to myself
(hence, think, believe). See elvov.
<l>V)[uos : Ithacan bard, a 154, 337.
4>f}fj.is, -tos : talk.
<|>T)V \<j>t)v'} : impf. of <f>t]tjd.
4>f)vai : aor. inf. of <f>alvu, show.
4>^vi] : osprey.
<i>T]pai pi. : a town at the head of the
Messenian Gulf, the modern Kala-
ma'ta. 7 488.
<|>fi<ri.v j>i5] : subjv. of fani.
4>edvw, aor. f<j>6ris : come sooner.
4>9y'Y H' ai > aor. partic. <j)f)ey!;a/j.ti>ov :
utter a sound, shout.
4>6tii : region of Thessaly. X 496.
4>9ivv0w : consume, waste away, die.
4>0tvo), aor. inf. Qffiffai, aor. mid. opt.
4>ffiro ( 49 6), partic. <j>6i.ptvoio :
waste away, perish, wane ; aor. act.
destroy.
4>0fw, subjv. 0^1775: perish.
4>0o-yy^| and ^Oo-yv ? (<j>0tyyoiuu): voice.
4>0ovo>: grudge, begrudge, object to.
Sometimes followed by a genitive
(of ' separation ') of the thing
grudged or refused.
-4>i(v) : inseparable suffix, ending of
an old instrumental case. Added
to the stem of a noun, it forms a
genitive and dative in both singular
and plural, which is used generally
as an instrumental, ablative, or
locative case. 36 a.
4>iXe'o>, opt. </>i\oli), partic.
OiXoOiros, 27 6], impf.
iterative 0iX<?eo-/ce ( 57 b), fut. inf.
<j>i\riff^fjLfv [<pi\7icrfiv], mid. 0iX?7<reai
[01X170-77], aor. 0tXr7<re: love, show
favor to, entertain as a friend ; mid.
receive hospitality.
: oar-loving, sea-loving.
Philoctetes, a famous
archer who had the bow and arrows
of Heracles. 7 190, B 219. The
story of his detention in Lemnos is
told in B 716-725. He was brought
to Troy not long before its capture.
iXojj.i]X.t8Tis : Lesbian king who chal-
lenged visitors to a wrestling match.
5343.
-& (smile): laughter-lov-
ing. Epithet of Aphrodite.
<juX6-ivos : hospitable.
4>iXos 3 : dear, beloved, pleasing ; as
subst., friend. Comp. 0/Xrepos, su-
perl. ^fXraTos. 0t'Xo$ is often used
in Homer where the less emotional
English idiom would not use dear,
but it is distinctly more than the
possessive pronoun, and part of the
original coloring is lost if it is ren-
dered by thy, his, etc. It is a stand-
ing epithet with words which denote
relationship, or a part of the human
body, or the mind.
<j>iX6TTjs, -TJTOS : love, friendship.
: adj. of love, amorous.
s, <j>tXrpos : see <tXos.
4>irp6s : log of wood.
<i>otpos : Phoebus, (shining). Epithet
(by-name) of Apollo.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
103
4>oCviK6s pi. : Phoenicians, known to
Homer as a race of skilful mariners-,
traders, and manufacturers. See
: Phoenicia, at the northeast
end of the Mediterranean.
<j>oiviKo-irdpT)os : purple-cheeked. Epi-
thet of ships. See fuXTo-irdpyos.
<j>oivi, -IKOS : (Phoenician tree ?), palm-
tree.
<j>oiTctG>, impf. (f)<poir<av, <f>otra : go to-
and-fro, wander, keep coming.
<j>6vos : death, slaughter.
4>opa>, subjv. <f>optri<ri(v) [tpopy], opt.
(fropolti (cf. <pi\oir)), impf. (^)06pei
(<^pw) : bear.
4>6pKvs, -vvor. Phorcys, a sea-god, a 72.
<f>6pfiryg, -1770$: phorminz, lyre.
<j>op|Ai : strike the lyre.
4>opoiT) : opt. of $op^w.
<J>opTis, -t5os (06pros) : merchant-ship.
<f>6pros (0^pw) : lading, cargo.
4>6a>s : see 0dos. 06w<r8e, o tte ZigrAi.
4>pdw, fut. mid. <ppd<Tffera.i, aor. <t>pd<re,
mid. (^)0pdo-(<7)aro, 2 aor. (t)irt<ppa.5e,
inf. ire<ppaS^(jv ( 46 e): ma&e ciear,
pointf ou, direct; mid. consider,
plan, recognize.
4>pda-<r<i>, aor. 0pde : fence.
4>pT)v, dat. 0pevi', dat. pi. 0pff/ : the
diaphragm, midriff, breast, esp. as
seat of intelligence and feeling,
mind, heart. Freq. in plural.
4>p|, gen. 0puc6s : ruffled sea.
4>pov (<ppi?iv) : think, consider, plan.
ti> <ppot>tu includes both good-will and
prudence. (f>i\a (ppovtuv, with friendly
heart.
fcpovios : an Ithacan. /3 386, 5 630.
f>povis, -tos : knowledge, intelligence.
4>p6vTis, -ws : helmsman of Menelaus.
7 282.
4>v [f<f>v] : see <j>tw.
4>vyfj : adv. dat. inflight.
: escaped. See
<J>\)^ (<pvu) : form. Cf. 0tf<m.
4>vKT6s (0eiryw): to be escaped. ov<f>vKrh,
irAovrat, there is no escape.
&V\O.KI\ : Thessalian town. X 290.
<f>v\d(T(rw, inf. 0i/\aer<T^/ievai, QvXdfffffiv,
aor. subjv. ^>u\d|w : guard, watch.
<j>xiXiT] : (perhaps) myrtle.
4>vXXov (0i)w, folium): Zeo^.
4>iXov (0i/w) : race, <n6e.
<j>vXoiris, -t5oj : din o/ battle.
4>vXw, -60$ : servant of Helen. 5 125.
tjwvrts : see tptii).
4>v|i|ios : way of escape.
<}>vpw, perf. partic. ireQvpfdvov: besmear,
stain.
4>vo-i-5s (0tfw, fwi}): life-giving.
4>v<ris : nature.
4>vTv<o (0ur6i/) : se< ou<, plant.
4>DT6v : growth, esp. tree, trine.
4>vw, aor. e0D(re, 2 aor. <^u, ^>0, 3 pi.
e^K [l^t/o-av], partic. <pvvres, perf.
7re0i/Ka<ri, ire0i;d(rt', partic. Tre<j>vu>T(,
plpf. ire<p6Kft (fui, 6e) : JJM /orfA,
couse to grrow ; 2 aor. and perf. grow.
6v oi 00 x 'P^ (grew to) clung to his
hand.
4>uKT] : seal. 8 404 ff .
4><ov<o, aor. (^)0w'i7ffei', partic.
speak, lift up my voice.
4>wvr| : woice.
4>ws, gen. 0wr6s : man.
xavw, aor. partic. xa^w" (hio):
open my mouth.
X.atpw, iterative impf. -^alpeaKov, aor.
txApTI and /cexdpojro, opt. Ke\6.poiro :
rejoice, am pleased, am glad. x a 'P<
and x a ^P ere Aflt^-' the customary
form of greeting. C/. x<*P, x^P^a-
Xairai pi. : hair ; mane of horses.
XaXtiratvw, aor. subjv. x a -^ fv ^l t ''0 ' am
angry, rage, am bitter.
104
VOCABULARY TO THE
\a\tinis 3 : hard, harsh, cruel.
XaXiTTtt : distress, oppress.
Xa\-4>pwv, -ovos : light-witted.
XO.XKCOS : adj. of bronze, bronze.
\a.\Kfvs, -rjos: blacksmith, smith.
X.aX.K<ov, -wvos : smithy.
XaAKTJtos : adj. of the smith, smith's.
XI\K-T|PT]S, -eos: bronze-tipped.
xaXKo-papVjs, -^s : heavy with bronze.
XaA.Ko-|3aTTJs, -ts, with bronze (covered)
threshold.
xa\K6s : bronze, copper ; like the Eng-
lish ' steel ' for sword. This was the
most important metal of the Homeric
age, for armor, weapons, tools, and
utensils. Iron was much less used.
XttXito-x'Tttv, -WPOJ : bronze-clad.
: adv. to the ground.
(humi): on the ground.
Xa.|xal-uvds, -dSos : fern. adj. sleeping
on the ground.
XavSdvw, perf. partic. (as pres.) KCXO.V-
S6ra : contain.
: see xaivw.
, -effffa, -cv : graceful, beautiful,
pleasing.
3 : most pleasing.
: more pleasing.
i, aor. inf. \apiffa.ffdai, perf.
partic. Kfxa-piffn^vos, plpf. Ke-x.apt.ffTo :
gratify, give gladly, give freely; pass,
am dear. Kfxapiffn^ve Ovfj.(f, dear to
my heart.
xdpts, -ITOS (x<*fpw) = grace, favor.
Xdpircs : Graces, f 18, 6 364.
xdpfia, -aros (xat'pw) : joy, delight.
Xap-oiros : bright-eyed, fierce-eyed.
XdpupSis, -ios : Charybdis, a mighty
whirlpool, near Scylla. /x 104 ff.,
260, 441. Cf. Milton's 'Or when
Ulysses on the larboard shunned |
Charybdis, and by the other whirl-
pool steered,' Par. Lost, ii. 1019.
: am in need.
: desire, long for.
X& : aor. of x^u, pour.
XtXos, -eos: lip, edge.
\tipa., -aToj (x'w") : winter.
Xi|Ji'pios (hibernus): adj. of winter.
\I\.\LU>V, -uvos (hi ems): winter, storm.
\dp, gen. xP<h, dat. pi. x^P^*(").
xepffl(v) : hand, arm.
\tipwv, -ows : inferior, weaker.
, -ofos : inferior, worse.
: stone thrown by the hand.
X^p-vnj/, -i/3os : water for the hands.
X'p<ros fern.: dry land, land.
X&>, fut. x^w, aor. xk, x&, X^e,
%X fVat ', imv. x e v v i x ev LVTUV i inf.
XeOat, partic. x e ^ avr " ( 51 9)j mid.
Xi/ro, partic. X"A^^7> plpf- Kexvro
(x/r-, gush) : pour, heap (of a fu-
neral mound). ^ iS6vres fx VVT i
seeing me they crowded about me;
d/t0' ai5T( x^M^*"?, throwing her arms
around his body.
XT)X6s: chest.
vu : am without, lack.
os (x a M0 3 : on the ground, low.
x6a.|iaXtoTtpos : lower.
X0iS6s (hesternus): adj. (on) yester-
day. 59 a.
X^wv, gen. x^o^s, fern. : earth, ground.
Xos fern. : Chios, island of the Aegean,
near Ionia, the modern Scio.
XITWV, -WPOJ (cotton) : tunic of linen ;
the principal male garment, often
the only garment worn at home.
The -xiT&v of ordinary life was prob-
ably of linen in the Homeric age,
not of wool, long, without sleeves,
and ungirt, as in the Periclean age
at Athens. This was an Ionic gar-
ment and seems, like its name, to
have been introduced from the
Orient. With increasing complexity
of dress, it became the undergar-
ment, as distinguished from a sec-
ond and outer garment.
X.wv, -6cos fern. (xfin<*>v) snow.
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
105
xXaiva : cloak, woolen
uutntle, plaid, often of
purple hue (like the
later IHO.TI.OV); used also
as a blanket by night.
XXwpis, -iSos : wife of Ne-
k-us. X 281.
{(Xwoos (chlorine) : green-
ish-yellow, green, un-
seasoned.
Xvoos : crust. f226.
Xo^j (x f ' w ) : pour ing, drink-
< Bering.
(gall): anger.
>, aor. ^x^'^<'' a7 " e
mid. x^'* raTO perf. xXatva.
cex<iXwTai, partic. ce-
XoXw/x^foj: anger, provoke ; mid. am
ttagry.
Xopds (chorus, choir) : dance, place of
d< Dicing. Cf. Apxw T fa-
Xpa.op.ai, perf. partic. Kexprjufvov, plpf.
K^XP 7 ? 1 " : MSe ; perf- as pres., Aace;
perf. partic. as adj., longing for.
Xpdco, impf. XP ae = beset.
XPIOS and XP '5 fos : need, business,
debt.
XP(I)W, -60$ : need, necessity.
Xpctw, fut. mid. partic. xPW^f" ^ ' de-
liver an oracle, declare; mid. seek an
oracle, consult, with dative.
XP^ : necessity, the equivalent of xp^-
Generally used like XP^ tart, it is
necessai-y, one ought, fa-reo ae XP^,
of what need comes to you, i.e. what
you want, .j<? being const, as ace.
of 'limit of motion' with the verb
(IKH or yiyixTcu) implied.
am in need.
i pi. : possessions, property.
XpiH LirTa) > < aor - pass, partic.
xpi/j.<j>0fis irAas, draw near, approach.
Xptw, fut. xp'^oMai, aor. txp'ifffv (CHRIST
= the Anointed): anoint.
XP<5a, xpot : see xPs-
Xpo(iios : son of Neleus. X 286.
Xpovos : time.
Xpoos : gen. of xP^s, skin, body.
Xpvo-(i)os ( 2(5 /) 3: of gold, golden.
Xpv<r-T)X.aKa.Tos : with golden arroics.
Epithet of Artemis. Cf. Milton's
[Dian] ' Fair silver-shafted queen,'
Comus, 442. (But ijXa/tdTt; is diatajf',
and this may be of golden distaff. )
Xpvr-^jvios: flashing with gold. (Per-
haps, with golden reins, ijvia.) Epi-
thet of Ares.
Xpvo-6-Opovos : adj. of golden throne.
A fixed epithet, based on early
hieratic seated figures of the deity.
Xpvo-o-irc'SiXos : with golden slippers.
Xpvo-6-ppain.s : with golden wand.
Xpvitros : gold.
Xpw<ro-x6os (x^ w ) ' gilder, goldsmith.
Xps, gen. xpo6s, gen. xpof, ace. XP*>*
skin, body, hence self.
Xv|xcvi) : see x^w.
Xvo-is (x^ w ) : deluge, heaping, heap-.
XvrXow, aor. mid. x VT ^<* ;ffat -' ro ' mid.
bat-he and anoint after the bath.
XVTO : aor. of x^ w -
XVTOS (x^ w ) 3 : heaped up.
X"X6s : lame.
X<&o|i<u, imv. x^eo [xwof], partic. x wo '~
/MCVOJ, aor. txuffa.ro : am angry, am
ivroth.
XipTi : place, country.
Xwpis : adv. apart, separately.
Xpos ; place, space, tract.
\J/dfia6os fern, (generally pi.) and j/d>i-
|ios fern.: sand of the sea-shore,
abroad.
4/v5o(iai, fut. \ftcfooiuu: speak falsely.
\|/cvSo$, -eoj; falsehood, what is false.
\J/T)Xa<}>dw, partic. \f>-n\a.<t>6wi> : feel
about.
106
VOCABULARY TO THE
\|/lX6s 3 : bare. ^i\r]v rpbtriv, bare keel,
i.e. keel separated from ribs and
planks.
^vpCt) : small island in the Aegean
Sea, just northwest of Chios, and
between this and Lesbos. 7 171.
breath, soul, ghost, life.
, -eos : coolness, cool air.
3 : cool, cold.
L6s : bit, gobbet, i 374.
n.
w : interj. / used before the voc.
& : interj. followed by pal or Trbiroi,
expressing surprise or displeasure,
Oh! alas!
(j : dat. sing, of 5; (rel. or possessive).
'n-yvy' 1 ! : Ogygia, a mythical island far
to the west of Greece, the home of
Calypso, a 85, f 172, ?? 244 f.
ui6e : adv. thus, in this way, as follows.
w5e w'j, so as, as as, or w'j
<SSe, as S3.
w5 : impf. of oldtu, am swollen.
uStvw : travail, suffer mightily,
liSxitrao [w5iVu>] : see oSwrcro/uat, am
wroth. 47 j.
a>6&*, iterative impf. w0ewe, aor. u<ra,
iterative wo-acr/ce ( 57 b) : thrust,
push, drive.
wtTo:iinpf. of dlofjMi, bode.
wi|e [eve]: aor. of olyvvfu, open.
w<r0T) : aor. of 6lo/j.ai, think.
WKO, (w/ci)s) : adv. quickly, swiftly.
: see w/ctfs, swift.
: Oceanus, the broad stream
which flowed about the earth. Also
the god of the stream.
IOKSOV : impf. of olictw, dwell.
TlKvaXos: a Phaeacian. 111.
UKU-O.X.OS : swift on the sea, swift-sail-
ing.
MKv-popos: swift-doomed, short-lived.
wKv-iropos : swiftly sailing, swift.
WKVS, fein. uKta ( 26/), neut. UKV,
pi. fein. wKeiai, gen. wKeidwv, dat.
wKdrij(i): Swift, fleet.
uKa : adv. quickly.
wKvraros : swiftest, fleetest.
a'Xeo-a : aor. of 6\\v/j.i, destroy.
wXe<H-Kapiros (6\\vfj.i) : (fruit-losing),
seed-shedding, of the willow, which
casts its fruit before it is ripe.
<u\To, diXovro : see tfXXu/u.
wjxo-Ocr^w, aor. uiia8tn)9a.v (0)^65): place
pieces of raw flesh (upon).
(tffiop'ywvTO : see 6fjL6pyvv/j.i.
<3(ios: shoulder.
: adj. raw, uncooked.
: aor. of 6/j.wjju, swear.
: aor. of ofjuwfw, groan.
iSira : see aty, face.
w7ra<T : aor. of ^Trdfw, grant.
wirTT]<rav, WTTTWV : see (5?rrdw, roast.
copt] (hora, hmr): season, hour, time.
ek upas, in its season; upy f'vdeiv, it
is time to sleep ; u>pr) KOITOIO, it is time
to go to bed.
wpios : adj. in their season.
wplvas : aor. of oplvw, rouse.
'flpicov, -wvos : Orion, a famous hunter
of great beauty, beloved by Eos.
He was slain by Artemis, but con-
tinued his occupation of hunting in
the realm of Hades. X 310, 572.
topficuv, u>p|xi]vav : see opualvu.
cbp|iTJ0T|crav : aor. of 6/>/udw.
Jlpope, uipcre, copro : see 6pvv/j,i.
<s or <3s : (adv. of 6), thus, so, in this
way. <Ss w's, thus as ; aJs ws,
as so; Kal wj, even thus; of>S' ws,
not even thus ; ws aurws, thus in (the,
same) like manner. 45 h.
ws : (adv. of 8s), as. It is used to
introduce relative and comparative
sentences, in the sense of as, like as,
often corresponding to a Js or OVTU.
(2) As a conjunction, it introduces
(a) temporal sentences, as, tvhen ;
FIRST TWELVE BOOKS OF THE ODYSSEY.
107
(h) dependent declarative sentences,
how, Unit ; (c) purpose clauses, in
order that ; and (d) wishes, O that,
would that !
When it follows its noun in the
sense of like, as, it is accented, u!s,
e.g. 6pvis us, as a bird. When it thus
follows the noun which it modifies,
it often makes the preceding sylla-
ble long 'by position,' as 6ebv wr,
8 17:',.
tra, u>rarK : aor. of uOt<a, push.
cicrv : dat. pi. of o5cts, ear.
Ti\^j : wound.
*flTos : Otus, son of Poseidon. X 308.
u><J>\s, <I4>XXts : see <50AXto.
<p\tro : impf. of ot\ofuii, go.
<oxpdci>, aor. partic. wxp^o-avra : am
pale ; aor. turned pale.
T fl\|/, gen. ~Oiros : Ops. a 429, 347.
u^/, ace. uira : face, countenance, efj
uira, when one looked int ) his face,
in countenance. Cf. &.VTHV.
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