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BVT. BRIG-. GEN. ALBERT S JOHNSTON. I s A 
 
ACROSS THE CONTINENT 
 
 FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 COMPILED BT 
 
 GEORGE F. PRICE 
 
 Captain Fifth Cavalry, U. S. Army. 
 
 WITH FOUR PORTRAITS ON STEEL 
 
 New Yobk : 
 D. VAN NOSTEAND, PUBLISHER, 
 
 83 Murray Street and 27 Warren Street. 
 1883. 
 

 Copyright, 
 
 1883, 
 
 By D. VAN NOSTRAND. 
 
 H. J. HEWITT, PRINTER, 27 ROSE STREET, NEW YORK. 
 
TO 
 
 THE MEMORY OF THE LATE 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL 
 
 GEORGE H. THOMAS, 
 
 UNITED STATES ARMY, 
 
 FORMERLY 
 
 COLONEL FIFTH CAVALRY, 
 
 THIS BOOK IS AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED. 
 
 1 A simple nature cast in antique mould, 
 Gentle, serene, child-tender, lion-bold ; 
 A heart with sympathies so broad and true 
 That trust and love grew round him ere they knew ; 
 Open, sincere, uncovetous, and pure, 
 Strong to achieve and patient to endure ; 
 Heedless of fame, he looked within himself 
 For that reward which neither praise nor pelf 
 Can give the soul whose naked virtues stand 
 Before God's eye, beneath God's lifted hand. 
 In the long future of this mortal hive 
 Who may predict what records will survive f 
 A little shudder of earth's brittle crust, 
 And man and man's renown were scattered dust. 
 But in his day to Thomas it was given 
 To sou) his fields and gather fruits for heaven, 
 Which neither worm can gnaw nor care make dim : 
 And these are deathless ; these he took with him." 
 
 BOKER. 
 
 23990 
 
' Here's to the flag we follow, 
 
 Here's to the land we serve, 
 And here's to holy honor, 
 
 That doth the two preserve." 
 
 E. W. HAZEWELL. 
 
part first. 
 
 The Narrative, 
 
 PART SECOND. 
 
 Military Records of the Officers of the Fifth 
 regiment of cavalry. 
 
 PART THIRD. 
 
 THE APPENDIX, 
 
Part First. 
 THE IAEEATIVE. 
 
 FIRST PERIOD- -1855. 
 ORGANIZATION— MARCH TO TEXAS. 
 
 SECOND PERIOD— 1856-1861. 
 
 SERVICE IN TEXAS FROM THE RIO GRANDE TO THE CANADIAN RIVER. 
 
 THIRD PERIOD— 1861-1865. 
 
 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 
 
 FOURTH PERIOD— 1866-1868. 
 RECONSTRUCTION DUTY IN THE SOUTHERN STATES. 
 
 FIFTH PERIOD— 1868-1871. 
 
 SERVICE ON THE PLAINS FROM THE CANADIAN RrVER, IN TEXAS, TO THE 
 NIOBRARA RIVER, IN NEBRASKA. 
 
 SIXTH PERIOD— 1872-1875. 
 
 ARIZONA AND THE APACHE CAMPAIGNS. 
 
 SEVENTH PERIOD— 1875-1883. 
 
 SERVICE ON THE PLAINS FROM THE CANADIAN RIVER, IN TEXAS, TO THE 
 YELLOWSTONE RIVER, IN MONTANA. 
 
PART FIRST. 
 
 THE NARRATIVE, 
 
 First Period— 1855. 
 
 ORGANIZATION — MARCH TO TEXAS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Recommendations for an Increase of the Army— Debates in Congress— 
 A Reply to the Comte de Paris— Organization— March of the Regiment 
 from Jefferson Barracks to Texas. 
 
 The Second Regiment of Cavalry was organized by- 
 authority of the eighth section of an act of Congress 
 approved March 3, 1855. The regiment retained this 
 number until August 3, 1861, when, under the operations 
 of an act of Congress of that date, the designation was 
 changed to the Fifth Regiment of Cavalry. 
 
 The eighth section of the act of Congress of March 3, 
 1855, reads as follows : 
 
 "There shall be added to the army two regiments of 
 infantry and two regiments of cavalry, organized as in the 
 existing form, . . . and that officers and men authorized 
 by this act shall be entitled to the same provisions for wid- 
 ows and children, and the same allowances and benefits, in 
 
12 THE NAKKATIVE. 
 
 every respect, as are allowed to other troops composing 
 the army of the United States. They shall be subject to 
 the rules and articles of war, and the men shall be re- 
 cruited in the same manner as other troops and with the 
 same conditions and limitations." 
 
 The following proviso was added to the second section 
 of the same act : 
 
 "Provided, That it shall be lawful for the President of the 
 United States to appoint, during the recess of Congress, 
 such of the commissioned officers authorized by this act, 
 below the grade of field-officer, as may not be appointed 
 during the present session, whose commissions shall expire 
 on the first day of May, eighteen hundred and fifty-six." 
 
 These sections were promulgated to the army in General 
 Orders from the War Department, March 12, 1855. 
 
 The cavalry of the army of the United States had 
 an uncertain existence before the year 1833. The first 
 mounted force — omitting any consideration of the Revolu- 
 tionary period — was organized in 1793.* From that time 
 until 1833 mounted troops were raised (in 1808 and 1812) 
 as emergencies presented themselves and were disbanded 
 as soon as these had passed. 
 
 The United States cavalry practically dates as a perma- 
 nent mounted corps from the organization of the First 
 Dragoons in 1833, when a system of promotion was es- 
 tablished and a career was opened to officers, with a rea- 
 sonable certainty of retaining their positions and by faith- 
 ful services gaining increased rank with advancing years. 
 The Second Dragoons followed in 1836, and the Mounted 
 Riflemen in 1846. 
 
 No importance seems to have been attached to records 
 
 * Act of Congress approved March 5, 1792. A squadron of dragoons (four companies) 
 was organized under Major "William Winston at Pittsburgh, Pa., in the summer of 1793, 
 and participated in the campaigns against hostile Indians. The squadron was consoli- 
 dated into two companies in 1796, and was finally disbanded in March, 1802. 
 
THE NAREATIVE. 13 
 
 and traditions as applied to regiments ; but perhaps Con- 
 gress was not to blame lor a seeming want of apprecia- 
 tion in this respect, as only a soldier can adequately 
 appreciate the battle-scarred standard of a veteran regi- 
 ment. A mistaken economy prevailed, and upon more 
 than one occasion the cavalry forces were disbanded and* 
 the records of their gallant deeds were consigned to dusty 
 pigeon-holes. 
 
 While General Scott never attached much importance 
 to the cavalry, although he frequently commended their 
 valuable services, he was strongly in favor of raising the 
 new regiments in 1855. And it may be remarked here that 
 when the war of the Rebellion began the cavalry regiments 
 were practically ignored — so much so that when the Na- 
 tional troops first crossed into Virginia but three com- 
 panies (belonging to the Fifth) accompanied them. But 
 long before the war was ended the cavalry regiments had 
 proved themselves capable of achieving great results, not 
 alone in irregular warfare on the far frontiers, but also 
 when attached to corps and operating with a regularly 
 organized army, while a number of the cavalry engage- 
 ments — notably Kelly's Ford, Beverly Ford, and Wood- 
 stock — are deservedly conspicuous in the annals of the 
 war for the maintenance of the National Union. 
 
 The first official suggestion that an increase of the army 
 had become necessary seems to have been made by Gen- 
 eral Scott in his report of operations for the year 1853. 
 After alluding to the vast increase of the Indian frontiers 
 since the close of the Mexican War, and to the necessity 
 of establishing garrisons for the protection of the newly 
 opened Oregon route, he urgently recommended that the 
 army should be increased by the addition of at least two 
 regiments of dragoons and two regiments of infantry. 
 
 In his annual report for the same year the Secretary of 
 War presented a careful and exhaustive review of the fron- 
 tier question, giving prominence to the fact that, while the 
 strength of the army had remained fixed, the duty required 
 
14 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 of it had been nearly doubled ; but, while agreeing with 
 General Scott as to the necessity for an immediate increase 
 of the strength of the army, the Secretary did not fully 
 coincide with him in his opinion as to its exact extent. 
 
 These recommendations, however, were not heeded by 
 either branch of Congress, and the session passed without 
 liny important military legislation. 
 
 The war with Mexico had resulted in adding a vast 
 territory to our national domain, and the government 
 was bound, in the interests of civilization, to open this 
 immense area to settlement. California, because of her 
 rich deposits of gold, soon solved the problem without 
 requiring much assistance from the army. While the In- 
 dians were numerous in that State, they were not warlike, 
 and they readily conformed themselves to the new order 
 of affairs. But the country between the Missouri River 
 and California was an almost unknown territory, occupied 
 by powerful and warlike tribes of Indians— just enough 
 being known of it to convince thoughtful men that great 
 States would be erected there in the near future. 
 
 The army was to lead in the work of civilization, and, 
 by its intelligence, loyal devotion to law, readiness to 
 extend assistance to the civil authorities, and untarnished 
 integrity, set an example to the restless men who has- 
 tened to the prairies and mountains of that section. The 
 army was also to be an honest and impartial arbiter stand- 
 ing between the pioneers and the Indians, compelling both 
 to respect the law and obey it, or to disobey it at their 
 peril. 
 
 In his annual report for 1854 the Secretary of War again 
 presented this question to Congress, renewed the recom- 
 mendations made in 1853, and asked that the army might 
 be increased by adding to it two regiments of cavalry and 
 two regiments of infantry. 
 
 In his annual message the President asked for favor- 
 able action upon the recommendation of the Secretary of 
 War, as follows : 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 15 
 
 "The valuable services rendered by the army, and its in- 
 estimable importance as the nucleus around which the vol- 
 unteer force of the nation can promptly gather in the hour 
 of danger, sufficiently attest the wisdom of maintaining a 
 military peace establishment ; but the theory of our sys- 
 tem, and the wise practice under it, require that any pro- 
 posed augmentation in time of peace be only commen- 
 surate with our extended limits and frontier relations. 
 While scrupulously adhering to this principle, I find in 
 existing circumstances a necessity for an increase of our 
 military force, and it is believed that four new regiments — 
 two of infantry and two of mounted men — will be suffi- 
 cient to meet the present exigency. If it were necessary 
 to weigh the cost in a case of such urgency it would be 
 shown that the additional expense would be comparatively 
 light." 
 
 General Scott was called before the House Military Com- 
 mittee, and in reply to the question, "What should be 
 the strength of our army in view of our extended sea- 
 board, foreign frontiers, and prospective relations with In- 
 dian tribes ? " said : 
 
 " The increase of the strength of the army, as provided 
 for by the bill submitted by the War Department, now- 
 under consideration by this committee, I deem highly ne- 
 cessary. The bill proposes that there shall be two addi- 
 tional regiments of infantry and two regiments of cavalry. 
 This, I consider, is the minimum force that is essential to 
 be added to the army to protect the frontiers against the 
 hostilities of the Indians, the present force on the frontiers 
 being entirely inadequate for that purpose. In Texas the 
 Indian hostilities have been more destructive than at other 
 points, principally on account of the small force stationed 
 in that country. The troops are constantly engaged in 
 encounters with the hostile Indians, and the loss of men, 
 when successful, is always in the inverse ratio of our 
 
16 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 inferior numbers. Hence the proposed inciease, simply in 
 reference to Indian frontiers, seems to be dictated by con- 
 siderations both, of policy and humanity, in order that 
 adequate protection may be afforded to our border in- 
 habitants without a useless sacrifice of our brave de- 
 tachments. The increase proposed of two regiments of 
 infantry and two regiments of cavalry, organized like 
 the present force and characterized by the like zeal and 
 activity, would, in my opinion, give reasonable protection 
 to oar frontiers and the overland travel." 
 
 There seems to have been no difference of opinion in 
 Congress as to the necessity for an increase of the military 
 forces, but there were conflicting opinions as to the form 
 which the increase should take. Plans for raising bodies 
 of mounted volunteers, of varying strength and for longer 
 or shorter terms of service, were brought forward at 
 different times and met with considerable favor, while a 
 proposition for an increase made up of regulars and vol- 
 unteers found many supporters. 
 
 The Army Appropriation Bill which had passed the 
 House December 27, 1854, was reported to the Senate 
 from the Committee on Ways and Means January 9, 1855, 
 and on the 29th an amendment was offered by Mr. Hunter 
 authorizing the organization of two regiments of cavalry, 
 and a force of five hundred mounted volunteers who 
 were to serve for twelve months. Mr. Shields offered a 
 substitute for this amendment, authorizing the President 
 to add to the strength of the army two regiments of cav- 
 alry and two regiments of infantry, which were to be or- 
 ganized in the same manner as the existing regiments. 
 This was agreed to — 31 ayes, 20 noes. An amendment of- 
 fered by Mr. Brown, providing for a force of three thousand 
 volunteers to serve for eighteen months, was rejected, and 
 the bill containing the Shields amendment was then passed. 
 
 The bill, as amended by the Senate, was reported to the 
 House on the 2d of February, and after a lengthy debate 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 17 
 
 was agreed to March 2, 1855—121 ayes, 61 noes. The next 
 day the bill was signed by the President and became a law. 
 
 The amendment authorizing an increase of the army led 
 to a protracted debate, notwithstanding the military com- 
 mittees of Congress were in favor of it. 
 
 The Secretary of War also advocated certain radical 
 changes in the service— namely, promotion by merit as 
 well as by seniority ; to add surplus officers to all regi- 
 ments, who were to be employed on civil works ; and to 
 abolish the permanent staff organization and adopt a sys- 
 tem of details from the line for staff duty. 
 
 When the measure was presented to Congress the Com- 
 mittee on Ways and Means (which then had charge of the 
 appropriation bills) reported in favor of raising volun- 
 teers. Mr. Shields was at first in favor of raising mounted 
 volunteers. Mr. Hunter was in favor of raising two regi- 
 ments of cavalry and a force of volunteers. But during 
 the debate Mr. Shields changed his position and sub- 
 mitted the amendment which finally became the law. 
 The speeches were generally in favor of volunteers, but 
 when the amendment came to a vote it was passed as 
 an Administration measure. 
 
 The speeches of Mr. Houston and Mr. Benton were 
 marked by bitter hostility towards the army. Both main- 
 tained the same general propositions in opposition to the 
 passage of the amendment. They claimed that the officers 
 and men of the army were, by nature and education, unfit- 
 ted to deal with the delicate questions which were continu- 
 ally arising in the administration of Indian affairs ; that, 
 while their operations against the Indians had not resulted 
 in subduing them, their cost had been excessive, and no- 
 thing had been gained in exchange for the sacrifice of men 
 and expenditure of money that had been made to secure 
 peace. 
 
 Mr. Houston said that in the Texas Kepublic, before 
 its annexation to the United States, the expenses of In- 
 dian wars had not exceeded ten thousand dollars a year, 
 
18 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 and that the settlers had more efficient protection than 
 they now received from the two regnlar regiments which 
 were stationed there. 
 
 Mr. Benton said that the proposed increase of the army 
 came from an Executive recommendation which was based 
 on Indian hostilities, and was intended as a permanent 
 increase, although the emergency was admitted to be tem- 
 porary ; that this was illogical and implied some design 
 beyond the avowed object. He liked the proposed sub- 
 stitute of the Committee on Ways and Means much better, 
 as it raised volunteers for a limited time. He liked still 
 better the amendment, which he submitted, to raise a force 
 of mounted rangers ; but either was preferable to a per- 
 manent increase of the army, if an Indian war were the 
 real reason, for these classes of troops could be much 
 sooner raised, would be more efficient in the field, and 
 cheaper, because they could be disbanded as soon as the 
 necessity which called them into service had ceased to 
 exist. He criticised the Executive recommendation as 
 imagining large armies of Indians assembled on the fron- 
 tiers, and maintained that the day for such exhibitions on 
 their side had passed for ever. He then told how Lewis 
 and Clarke, Bonneville and Fremont, traveled across the 
 plains of the Great West and found the Indians well dis- 
 posed, and said that the pioneers had no trouble with them 
 until recently. " But now," said he, " every Indian seems 
 to be hostile." He then said that he knew the causes 
 of the existing difficulties, and had the courage to state 
 them : first, the removal of faithful and experienced 
 agents and superintendents, and substituting for them un- 
 fit, ignorant, and mendicant politicians ; second, sending 
 "school-house officers and pot-house soldiers" to abuse 
 the Indians like dogs and beasts. He then discussed 
 the Indian agents and said: "The ignorance and negli- 
 gence of the politicians sent out as agents and super- 
 intendents is one cause of the unprecedented hostili- 
 ties. The ignorance and misconduct of the officers 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 19 
 
 and enlisted men is another cause, and the greatest of the 
 two." 
 
 He cited the attack on a band of Jicarilla Apaches at 
 Las Yegas, N. M., in March, 1849, by Captain Henry B. 
 Judd, of the artillery ; * the fight of Lieutenant Davidson 
 near Fort Burgwin, N". M., in 1854 ; f and Lieutenant 
 Grat ton' s affair near Fort Laramie, Wyo., in August, 1854, J 
 stating the general facts, but placing his own construction 
 upon them, and was very hostile and abusive towards the 
 army. He then alleged that the real causes for wanting 
 the new regiments were : first, to provide for a number 
 of officers who were pets of the Secretary of War at the 
 expense of other officers in the service ; second, that Cuba, 
 and not the Indians, was the real design hidden in the 
 measure ; and then claimed that mounted volunteers, and 
 not regulars, were the proper troops to fight Indians. 
 
 After citing a number of cases, in which he claimed that 
 the Indians had been forced into acts of hostility by the 
 misconduct and incapacity of the officers of the army, 
 
 * These Indians had for a long time raided the settlements at their pleasure, exacting 
 tribute and despoiling the Mexicans whenever they pleased to do so. They suddenly 
 appeared at Las Vegas and demanded a tribute of lead and powder. The alcalde (after- 
 wards a United States judge) appealed to Captain Judd for protection. He immediatelv 
 attacked the Indians and defeated them with considerable loss. His prompt action was 
 soldierly and highly commendable. 
 
 t In March, 1851, the Jicarilla Apaches and Utcs combined a force of two hundred and 
 fifty warriors and attacked Lieutenant Davidson and his command of sixty men in camp 
 twenty-five miles from Fernandez de Taos. He maintained the unequal contest throe 
 hours, but was finally overwhelmed and forced to retire. Davidson and almost all the men 
 were wounded. The gallantry displayed by the command should have called forth 
 in Congress the highest encomiums instead of the language it did. A vigorous cam 
 paign was begun, which resulted in conquering the tribe and compelling it to sue for 
 peace. 
 
 X A Mormon train was en route to Utah. An ox was left behind to rest and then 
 be driven to the camp. A Minncconjou Indian killed it. The owner reported his loss 
 to the commanding officer of Fort Laramie, who dispatched Lieutenant (iratton, with 
 twenty-nine men, to the Indian village to demand the surrender of the offender, which 
 was refused, whereupon the lieutenant opened a fire upon the village, and in a few 
 minutes he and all his men, except one, were killed. This was the beginning of the 
 Brule-Sioux war. Two campaigns were directed against the Indians — one under Harney, 
 the other under Sumner— before peace was restored. For interesting details of this 
 affair see Fry's " Army Sacrifices,'' pp. 170-178. 
 
20 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 he proceeded to discuss the results which had followed 
 the management of Indian affairs by what he termed 
 "school-house officers and pot-house soldiers." He de- 
 clared that the measure had been brought forward by the 
 Administration, not to relieve the frontier settlements from 
 threatened attacks, but to furnish places for the graduates 
 of West Point and the friends of the Secretary of War, 
 and ultimately to obtain possession of the island of Cuba, 
 He closed his speech by submitting a substitute which 
 authorized the President to accept the services of three 
 thousand volunteers, and offered inducements to settlers 
 to locate themselves on the frontiers in colonies strong 
 enough for mutual defense. 
 
 The opponents of the measure endeavored to make it 
 appear that the Secretary of War was engaged in a scheme 
 for the purchase or conquest of Cuba ; * and that while he 
 desired to increase the army, and had announced his pur- 
 pose to make it more efficient, he intended, if successful, 
 to advance his friends. But the argument pressed with 
 the greatest persistency was that the regular army was 
 not fitted to deal with the Indians. 
 
 The measure was advocated by Mr. Shields, Mr. Hunter, 
 Mr. Faulkner, and others. They warmly defended the 
 officers and men of the army against the charge of miscon- 
 duct and incapacity. The sound argument brought out in 
 favor of the measure was that the Indians ought not to be 
 fought by the settlers on the frontiers, who would be pre- 
 judiced against, and could cruelly deal with, them when- 
 ever the opportunity offered. The advocates of the amend- 
 ment contended that the Indian problem was not one of 
 easy solution ; that the army had faithfully performed the 
 duties which had been intrusted to it in connection with 
 Indian affairs ; and as the sole management of the differ- 
 ent tribes had not been intrusted to the army, it should 
 not be held responsible for the troubles which had re- 
 
 * Afterwards, when the House of Representatives was controlled by a Republican 
 majority, the Senate voted twenty million dollars for the purchase of Cuba. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 21 
 
 suited from the mismanagement of incompetent agents 
 and superintendents. And, referring to the propositions 
 to employ volunteers, they maintained that such a policy 
 would be an act of inhuman cruelty to the Indians ; that 
 it would be unworthy of a civilized nation to intrust the 
 management of hostile operations to men residing on the 
 frontiers, whose bitter prejudices unfitted them for a proper 
 performance of so delicate a duty ; and that the country 
 was bound by every consideration of justice and humanity 
 to interpose between the settlers and the Indians an im- 
 partial body of soldiers whose duty would be not only to 
 protect the settlers from depredations, but also to defend 
 the Indians from unlawful aggressions. 
 
 The intemperate speeches made by the opponents of the 
 measure bore fruit twenty years later when the Comte de 
 Paris said : * 
 
 "In ISoo Congress passed a law authorizing the forma- 
 tion of two new regiments of cavalry, and Mr. Jefferson 
 Davis, then Secretary of War, took advantage of the fact 
 that they had not been designated by the title of dragoons 
 to treat them as a different arm, and to fill them witli his 
 creatures, to the exclusion of regular officers whom he dis- 
 liked." 
 
 It was purposely intended that two regiments of cavalry 
 should be raised and maintained as a separate arm of the 
 service, as the dragoons and mounted riflemen were main- 
 tained as separate arms. The organization of these regi- 
 ments made promotions in the dragoons and mounted rifle- 
 men. "The War Department caused boards of exami- 
 nation to convene at the headquarters of the regiments 
 affected by the change, to test the fitness of the young 
 officers appointed directly from civil life, and the utmost 
 care w^as taken to make the new regiments creditable in 
 
 *"IIistorj' of the Civil War iu America," vol. i. p. 24. 
 
22 TIIE NAERATIYE. 
 
 every respect to their patron, Secretary Davis, with whom 
 this arm of the service was a favorite." * 
 
 The epithet of "creatures" thus applied to the officers 
 of the cavalry regiments embraces McClellan, Sumner, 
 Thomas, Emory, Sedgwick, Stoneman, Stanley, Carr, and 
 others, who became distinguished generals of the National 
 army ; and Albert S. Johnston, Joseph E. Johnston, 
 Robert E. Lee, Hood, Hardee, Edmund K. Smith, Field, 
 James E. B. Stuart, Fitzhngh Lee, and others, who be- 
 came equally distinguished as generals of the Confederate 
 army. 
 
 The assertion that the cavalry regiments were filled with 
 the creatures of the Secretary of "War is a fatal mistake, 
 as the record abundantly proves. Not all the Southern- 
 born officers appointed to the regiments joined the rebel- 
 lion against the United States. Quite a number of the 
 officers who did so were appointed during the years fol- 
 lowing the organization of the regiments and preceding the 
 rebellion. They joined during that period (as officers join 
 now) by their own selection, so far as their class-standing 
 gave them the privilege to do so. 
 
 Of the officers first appointed to the First (present 
 Fourth) Cavalry the lieutenant-colonel (Joseph E. John- 
 ston), five captains (Robert S. Garnett, William D. De 
 Saussure, William S. Walker, William N. R. Beall, and 
 George H. Stewart), five first lieutenants (James Mcintosh, 
 Robert Ramson, Jr., Alfred Iverson, Jr., Philip Stockton, 
 and James E. B. Stuart), and two second lieutenants 
 (Richard II. Reddick and John R. Church) resigned their 
 commissions and joined the rebellion against the United 
 States — a total of thirteen. 
 
 The officers who remained on the National side were the 
 colonel (Edwin V. Sumner), outspoken in opposition to 
 slavery before he was appointed to the position — so much 
 so that his opinions upon this subject were known through - 
 
 * Rodenbougb's " From Everglade to Cauon witb tbe Second Dragoons," p. 170. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. ^6 
 
 out the army ; the two majors (William H. Emory* and 
 John Sedgwick), five captains (Delos B. Sacket, Thomas J. 
 Wood, George B. McClellan, Samuel D. Sturgis, and Ed- 
 ward W. B. Newby), four first lieutenants (Eugene A. 
 Carr, David Bell, Frank Wheaton, and David S. Stanley), 
 and five second lieutenants (Elmer Otis, James B. Mc- 
 Intyre, Eugene W. Crittenden, John A. Thompson, and 
 Albert V. Colburn)— a total of seventeen. 
 
 Of the officers who were assigned to the regiment during 
 the years 1856-60, both years inclusive, five second lieu- 
 tenants (Edward Ingraham, Lunsford L. Lomax, f Oliver 
 H. Fish, Andrew Jackson, Jr., and John R. B. Burtwell) 
 resigned their commissions and joined the rebellion, and 
 four second lieutenants (Eli Long, George D. Bayard, Jo- 
 seph H. Taylor, and Charles S. Bowman) remained on the 
 National side. 
 
 Captain George T. Anderson, First Lieutenants John N. 
 Perkins and Harry Love, and Second Lieutenants William 
 A. B. Jones and Hartford T. Clarke resigned, etc., ante 
 helium. Four Northern-born officers joined the rebellion— 
 namely, Walker, Stockton, Ingraham, and Lomax. Stock- 
 ton was born in, and appointed from, New Jersey. Walker 
 was born in Pennsylvania, and Lomax was born in Rhode 
 Island, and both were appointed from the District of Co- 
 lumbia. Ingraham was born in Pennsylvania and was 
 appointed from Mississippi. 
 
 Seven of the Southern-born— Emory, Wood, Newby, 
 Mclntyre, Crittenden, Long, and Taylor— remained on the 
 National side. 
 
 Of the officers first appointed to the Second (present 
 Fifth) Cavalry the colonel (Albert S. Johnston), the lieu- 
 tenant-colonel (Robert E. Lee), the senior major (William 
 J. Hardee), two captains (Earl A r an Dorn and Edmund K. 
 
 » Emory was appointed a major in the Second Cavalry March 3, 1S55 ; transferred 
 to the First Cavalry -May 26, 1855. 
 
 t Lomax was assigned to tho Socond Cavalry as a brevet second lieutenant July 1, 
 1856; appointed a second lieutenant, First Cavalry, September 30, 1856. 
 
24 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Smith), three first lieutenants (Nathan G. Evans, Charles 
 W. Field, and Walter H. Jenifer), and live second lieuten- 
 ants (John T. Shaaff, George B. Cosby, John B. Hood, 
 Joseph F. Minter, and Charles W. Phifer) resigned their 
 commissions and joined the rebellion against the United 
 States— a total of thirteen. 
 
 The officers who remained on the National side were the 
 junior major (George H. Thomas), five captains (James 
 Oakes, Innis N. Palmer, George Stoneman, Jr., Albert G. 
 Bracket!, and Charles J. Whiting), five first lieutenants 
 (Richard W. Johnson, Joseph H. McArthur, Kenner Gar- 
 rard, William B. Royall, and William P. Chambliss), 
 and one second lieutenant (William W. Lowe)— a total of 
 twelve. 
 
 First Lieutenant Robert N. Eagle resigned January 15, 
 18G2, and did not thereafter participate in the war on 
 either side. He was born in New York and appointed 
 from Texas. 
 
 Of the officers who were assigned to the regiment dur- 
 ing the years 1856-60, both years inclusive, five second 
 lieutenants (James P. Major, Fitzhugh Lee, Manning M. 
 Kimmel, George A. Cunningham,* and Wade H. Gibbes) 
 resigned their commissions and joined the rebellion, and. 
 five second lieutenants (James E. Harrison, A. Parker 
 Porter, Wesley Owens, Abraham K. Arnold, and John J. 
 Sweet) remained on the National side. 
 
 Seven of the Southern-born— Thomas, Johnson, McAr- 
 thur, Garrard, Royall, Chambliss, and Harrison — remained 
 on the National side. 
 
 Captains Theodore O'Hara, William R, Bradfute, and 
 Charles E. Travis, First Lieutenants Alexander H. Cross 
 and Charles Radziminski, and Second Lieutenants George 
 lb! it well, Robert C. Wood, Jr., James B. Witherell, Cor- 
 nelius Van Camp, Junius B. Wheeler, and John T. Ma- 
 
 * Cunningham was assigned to the First Cavalry as a brevet second lieutenant July 1, 
 1857; appointed a second lieutenant, Second Cavalry. October 1, 1858. 
 
THE NAUKATIVE. 25 
 
 grader* resigned, died, etc., ante helium. O'Hara, Brad- 
 fute, Cross, and Wood afterwards participated in tlie 
 rebellion against the United States. Travis, Radziminski, 
 Witherell, and Magrader died. Van Camp was killed 
 in battle before the rebellion, and Wheeler is now the 
 professor of civil and military engineering at the Military 
 Academy. 
 
 There were seventy officers appointed in the cavalry 
 regiments at date of organization, twenty-seven from the 
 free States and forty-three from the slave States ; and as- 
 signing them according to the status of the several States 
 during the war of the Rebellion, only twenty-nine were 
 appointed from the seceded States. f A total of thirty- 
 nine officers of the ninety-one named as belonging to the 
 two regiments from their organization to the beginning of 
 the war are known to have joined the rebellion. Fifty of 
 the seniors had received their baptism of fire, fully thirty 
 had won fame in the Mexican War, and nearly all the 
 younger officers had participated in Indian combats in the 
 West and South-west. 
 
 Of the officers who joined the rebellion against the 
 United States, Albert S. Johnston, Robert E. Lee, Joseph 
 E. Johnston, Hardee, Van Dora, Edmund K. Smith, Stuart, 
 Field, Jenifer, Hood, Major, Fitzhugh Lee, Kimmel, and 
 Cosby attained the grade of general officers ; and, with few 
 exceptions, the others gained field-officers' commissions. 
 On the National side Sumner, Thomas, Sedgwick, Emory, 
 Oakes, Palmer, Stoneman, Jr., Sturgis, Wood, McClellan, 
 Carr, Wheaton, Stanley, Johnson, and Garrard attained 
 the grade of general officers ; and, with few exceptions, 
 the others gained field-officers' commissions. 
 
 The simple fact that many of these officers had served in 
 the field during the war with Mexico (nearly all the civil- 
 
 * Magruder was assigned to the Second Cavalry as a brevet second lieutenant July 1, 
 1S57, and was transferred in that grade to the First Cavalry April -J4, 1858. 
 t Army Begister, January 1. 1S5G. 
 
26 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 ians appointed to the Second Cavalry served in that war), 
 and that nearly all had seen Indian service and had met in 
 conflicts one of the most formidable foes ever encountered 
 on the field of battle, together with their subsequent re- 
 cords during the memorable struggle of 1861-65, which was 
 marked by the courage and stubborn energy of both com- 
 batants, answers the assertion that such officers could be 
 the creatures of any man, no matter what his name might 
 be or what position he might occupy. The names of 
 nearly all the officers who remained on the National side 
 became household words in Northern homes during the 
 war ; while many of the officers who went South gained 
 equal distinction in their section. It was not possible for 
 such men to be the creatures of any man ; and their careers, 
 both North and South, prove how great was the care ex- 
 ercised in making assignments to the cavalry regiments. 
 It was well known and acknowledged by all who were in 
 the army in 1855, and by those who were familiar with the 
 service, that no other regiments could boast of a better 
 average. It is a historical fact that the officers thus selected 
 were superb soldiers, and that they were from the best to 
 be found in the army and in civil life. 
 
 The War Department lost no time in adopting measures 
 to complete the organization of the new regiments, and 
 on the 26th of March a general order was promulgated 
 to the army which carried into operation the provisions of 
 the eighth section of the act of Congress approved March 
 3, 1855, and announced the officers of the regiment as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 ( 'olonel: 
 
 Albert S. Joiixstox. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel : 
 Robert E. Lee. 
 
 Majors : 
 1. William J. Hardee. 2. William II. Emory. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 27 
 
 Captains : 
 
 1. Earl Tax Dorx. 
 
 2. Edmund K. Smith. 
 
 3. 
 
 James Oakes. 
 
 8. 
 
 4. 
 
 Ixxis N. Palmer. 
 
 9. 
 
 5. 
 
 George Stoxemax, Jr. 
 First Lieutenants: 
 
 10. 
 
 1. 
 
 Nathan G. Eyaxs. 
 
 1. 
 
 2. 
 
 ElCHARD W. JOIIXSOX. 
 
 2. 
 
 3. 
 
 Joseph H. McArthur. 
 
 3. 
 
 4. 
 
 Charles W. Field. 
 
 4. 
 
 5. 
 
 Kexxer Garrard. 
 
 5. 
 
 6. 
 
 Walter H. Jexifer. 
 
 G. 
 
 7. 
 
 William B. Royall. 
 
 7. 
 
 8. 
 
 Alexaxder 11. Cross. 
 
 8. 
 
 9. 
 
 William P. Chambliss. 
 
 9. 
 
 10. 
 
 Robert 1ST. Eagle. 
 
 10. 
 
 Theodore OTIara. 
 William R. Bradfijte. 
 Charles E. Trayis. 
 Albert G. Brackett. 
 Charles J. Whiting. 
 
 Second Lieutenants : 
 
 John T. Shaaff. 
 George B. Cosby. 
 George B. Axdersox. 
 Nelson B. Sweitzer. 
 William W. Lowe. 
 Edwix B. Merrifield. 
 George Hartwell. 
 Joseph F. Mixter. 
 Charles W. Phifer. 
 Robert C. Wood, Jr. 
 
 Benjamin McCulloch, of Texas, an enterprising leader of 
 partisan troops, was strongly pressed by many influential 
 friends for the colonelcy ; but the unanimous recommen- 
 dation of the Texas Legislature, the influence of Senator 
 Rusk, and the friendship of the President and the Secre- 
 tary of War secured the appointment for Major Albert 
 Sidney Johnston, who was a paymaster in the army. Mc- 
 Culloch was appointed a major in the First (present 
 Fourth) Cavalry. This was a high compliment, as he was 
 the only field-officer selected from civil life. But, smart- 
 ing under the defeat for the higher office, he declined the 
 commission. He had the generosity to say, long before 
 his death in battle, that the government had acted wisely 
 in preferring Johnston above him.* 
 
 Major Emory was transferred on the 2Gth of May to the 
 First Cavalry, and Captain George H. Thomas, of the Third 
 Artillery, was appointed to the vacancy, to date from May 
 
 * "Life of General Albert Sidney Johnston," pp. 184, 1S5. 
 
28 
 
 THE NAKRATIVE. 
 
 12, 1855. The appointment was first offered to Captain 
 Braxton Bragg, of the artillery, who declined it because 
 lie did not intend to remain in the service, and in doing 
 so he said that he did not know a better man for the place 
 than George H. Thomas, who had served with him as a lieu- 
 tenant. This favorable mention attracted the attention of 
 the government and finally secured the appointment for 
 him. 
 
 The following assignment of officers to companies was 
 made : 
 
 Captains : 
 
 A— Van Doex. 
 B— Smith. 
 C — Oakes. 
 D — Palmee. 
 E — Stoxejiax, Jr. 
 F— O'Haea. 
 G — Beadfute. 
 H— Teavis. 
 I — Beackett. 
 K — Whiting. 
 
 First Lieutenanti 
 
 Ceoss. 
 
 Jenifee. 
 
 Boyall. 
 
 Chambliss. 
 
 Eagle. 
 
 Evans. 
 
 Johnson'. 
 
 McAethur. 
 
 Field. 
 
 GrAEEAED. 
 
 Second Lieutenants 
 
 Cosby. 
 Wood, Je. 
 Meeeifield.* 
 Haetwell. 
 
 MlNTEE. 
 
 Phifee. 
 
 Andeesox.* 
 
 8\yeitzee.* 
 
 SnAAFF. 
 
 Lowe. 
 
 Kenner Garrard was announced (April 20) as adjutant, 
 and Richard W. Johnson was announced (June 12) as 
 quartermaster. 
 
 Of the thirty-four officers first appointed to the regi- 
 ment twenty were graduates of the Military Academy and 
 fourteen were from civil life. The vacancy caused by the 
 selection of the adjutant (a graduate) was filled by an 
 appointment from civil life. 
 
 The headquarters Avere established at Louisville, Ky., 
 where Lieutenant-Colonel Lee assumed command of the 
 regiment on the 20th of April. Colonel Johnston arrived 
 <>n Hi." 28th of May, and a few days later Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Lee and a number of the officers were transferred 
 
 * Declined appointment. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 29 
 
 to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., where the companies were to 
 be organized and instructed. As some time was required 
 for the officers to report at Louisville and receive their 
 instructions, the recruiting service of the regiment was not 
 fairly begun until about the 20th of May. 
 The companies were recruited as follows : 
 
 A. At Mobile, Ala,, by Captain Van Born. This com- 
 pany was known during the Texas service as " The Mobile 
 Grays." 
 
 B. At Winchester, Ya., by Lieutenant Jenifer. 
 
 C. In Western Pennsylvania, by Captain Oakes and 
 Lieutenant Royall. 
 
 D. At Baltimore, Md., by Captain Palmer, and at Mem- 
 phis, Tenn., by Lieutenant Chambliss. 
 
 E. At St. Louis, Mo., by Lieutenant Eagle. 
 
 F. At Louisville, Ky., by Captain O'Hara. 
 
 G. This company was composed of men transferred from 
 the Cavalry Depot, those enlisted by Captain Bradfute, 
 and surplus recruits who had been enlisted for the other 
 companies. 
 
 H. At Evansville, Ind., by Captain Travis. 
 
 I. At Logansport, Ind., and Eock Island, 111., by Cap- 
 tain Brackett. 
 
 K. At Cincinnati, O., by Lieutenant Lowe. 
 
 Colonel Johnston and Major Hardee were appointed on 
 the 9th of July, conjointly with the field-officers of the First 
 Cavalry, members of a Cavalry Equipment Board which 
 convened at Washington. The board submitted a report 
 and recommendations, which were published to the army,* 
 and it may be of interest to know, without quoting the or- 
 der in detail, how the cavalry was to be armed and equip- 
 ped. Three squadrons of each regiment were to be armed 
 with the rifle-carbine of the pattern manufactured at the 
 Springfield Armory, and one squadron of each with the 
 movable-stock carbine, with the barrel ten or twelve inches 
 
 * G. 0. 13, A. G. 0., August 15, 1855. 
 
30 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 long, as might be found best by experiment. One squadron 
 of the First Cavalry was to be armed with the breech-loading 
 Merrill carbine, and one squadron of the Second Cavalry 
 with the breech-loading Perry carbine. Colt' s navy revol- 
 vers and dragoon sabres for both regiments ; one squadron 
 of each to be provided with gutta-percha or leather scab- 
 bards and pistol cases, and one squadron of each to be 
 supplied with gutta-percha cartridge boxes. The present 
 leather sabre belt and carbine sling were adopted. The 
 Grimsley equipments, as used by the other mounted corps, 
 were to be furnished to four squadrons in each regiment ; 
 the other squadrons were to be supplied with the Camp- 
 bell saddle, with certain modifications not necessary to 
 enumerate. The saddle was to be brass-mounted and pro- 
 vided with wooden stirrups. The schdbraque was discon- 
 tinued for the use of officers. A gutta-percha talma was 
 furnished, having large, loose sleeves and extending to the 
 knee. The hats for the officers and men were the same as 
 in use when the new uniform was adopted in 1872. In 
 other respects the uniform and equijunents of the cavalry 
 regiments were the same as used by the dragoons, except 
 the color of the trimmings, which was yellow instead of 
 orange. 
 
 Nearly all the officers were recalled from recruiting 
 service during August and assigned to duty with their 
 companies at Jefferson Barracks, to which place the head- 
 quarters were transferred early in September. There was 
 some sickness at the Barracks during the summer and the 
 cholera made its appearance and greatly alarmed the men. 
 They suffered for proper and sufficient clothing, which, 
 notwithstanding requisitions had been forwarded early in 
 May, did not arrive until late in September — the facilities 
 for transportation were not so complete then as now. 
 These causes, added to the new life, military restraints, 
 and daily drills, caused some dissatisfaction and a number 
 of desertions. 
 The horses were purchased in Ohio, Indiana, and Ken- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 31 
 
 tucky during August and September by Major Hardee, 
 Captain O'Hara, and Lieutenant Field at an average price 
 of one hundred and fifty dollars. As the board was not 
 restricted to a fixed sum, a very serviceable mount was 
 secured, and quite a number of the horses survived the 
 hardships of field-service in Texas and were surrendered 
 to the insurgents when the regiment evacuated the State. 
 The horses were assigned to companies as follows : A, 
 grays ; B, and E, sorrels ; C, D, F, and I, bays ; G, and II, 
 browns ; K, roans. These distinctive colors were main- 
 tained during the service of the regiment in Texas. 
 
 The instruction proceeded so rapidly that in the early 
 autumn the regiment was ready for service and only 
 waited for the necessary orders, which were issued in 
 September. * The regiment was directed to move by easy 
 marches across the country to Texas, and the command- 
 ing general of the department was instructed to make 
 timely arrangements for its distribution upon arrival at 
 Fort Belknap. The transportation to make the march 
 during the fall and winter months, several hundred miles 
 of the route passing through an uninhabited region, was 
 limited to fifteen six-mule wagons. This was considered 
 inadequate, and a requisition was made for one hundred 
 and fifty wagons to transport the stores and baggage. On 
 this requisition only twenty-nine wagons and one ambu- 
 lance were granted, which was insufficient, and many of 
 the officers were compelled to purchase private teams. 
 The quartermaster, however, had frequent occasion to 
 thank the War Department for the decision, as he often 
 found much difficulty in bringing his small train into 
 camp because of the wretched condition of the roads. The 
 clothing and baggage not necessary for the march were 
 shipped by water in charge of Lieutenant McArthur, and 
 every precaution was taken to carry the supplies which 
 were necessary for the comfort of the men and which 
 
 * G. 0. 13, Headquarters of the Army, September 27, 1835. 
 
32 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 coald not be procured west of St. Louis. The resources 
 of the country were relied upon to furnish meat, flour, 
 and forage, and, in order to secure all the benefits of a 
 march through a sparsely settled region, Lieutenants 
 Shaaff and Minter were always in advance of the column, 
 collecting forage and subsistence stores for the com- 
 mand. 
 
 The regiment, numbering seven hundred and fifty men 
 and eight hundred horses, marched from Jefferson Bar- 
 racks on the 27th of October under the command of Col- 
 onel Johnston. Mrs. Johnston, Mrs. Oakes, Mrs. Palmer, 
 and Mrs. Johnson accompanied their husbands, and their 
 hospitable tents were centres of attraction during the en- 
 tire journey. The march was severe upon the enlisted men 
 who had no experience in camp-life ; but they were young 
 and hardy, able to endure fatigue and exposure, and it 
 was a novel sensation for them to march day after day 
 without seeing a dwelling-house. They soon became 
 accustomed to and enjoyed the new life as they penetrated 
 the wilds of the West, where but few white men had 
 disturbed the quiet of nature. The change from a gar- 
 rison life to field-service was a pleasurable excitement, 
 and all signs of discontentment speedily vanished. Some 
 casualties happened, and several men died in consequence 
 of the extreme cold weather which was encountered. 
 
 The line of march was through Missouri in a south- 
 , west direction, over the Ozark Mountains and generally on 
 the line of the Pacific Railway surveys, passing through 
 Waynesville and Springfield, thence down the boundary 
 line of Missouri to Maysville, Ark., and thence south-west 
 into the Indian Territory. The landscapes were beautiful 
 — wide, undulating prairies dotted with trees and groves 
 of magnificent proportions, and the blue outlines of 
 mountains in the far distance. The regiment arrived on 
 the 27th of November at Tahlequah, the capital of the 
 Cherokee Nation, and both officers and men were surprised 
 to find brick houses, a fine seminary, and the Indians 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 33 
 
 well advanced in civilization. The regiment then inarched 
 to Fort Gibson, where it arrived the next day and en- 
 camped four days. The march was then resumed, and 
 after crossing the Neosho and Arkansas rivers the regi- 
 ment entered the territory of the Creek Indians. The 
 nights were now cold and camp-life was very uncomfort- 
 able. A driving "norther" overtook the regiment and 
 continued all night. When daybreak came those who 
 could remain in bed did so to avoid freezing. The North 
 Fork of the Canadian River was crossed on the 4th of De- 
 cember, and soon thereafter the regiment encamped near 
 Mico, an Indian village, where a large number of Semi- 
 noles had assembled on a trading and visiting expedition. 
 The Canadian River, a stream well supplied with timber 
 and quicksand, was forded the next day, when an in- 
 cident occurred which illustrated the treacherous char- 
 acter of the beds of Western rivers. The quartermaster 
 and Captain Bradfute had selected a crossing where 
 the bottom seemed to be firm, and the captain led the 
 column the next morning to the ford; but his little 
 brown horse, "Bow-Legs," with a sagacious shake of the 
 head, refused to go into the water until the spurs were 
 applied. He then plunged in, and his rider instantly de- 
 scribed a circle over his head and disappeared in the river. 
 It seems that while moving over the bottom for the pur 
 pose of testing the ford the sand was disturbed and set in 
 motion by the water, which washed out a hole ten feet 
 deep before the command was ready to make the crossing. 
 The horse was more far-seeing than the captain, who was 
 comforted with a regimental vote that he was not fairly 
 thrown from the saddle ; any other decision would have 
 cost him a basket of champagne. 
 
 The regiment encamped on the 7th of December near a 
 large village of Choctaws, and arrived at Fort Washita 
 five days later, where a salute was fired in its honor by 
 Captain Bragg' s Battery. A number of officers were at 
 (ho post in attendance upon a general court-martial. The 
 
 3 
 
34 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 genial sutler, Sam. Humes, gave an elegant dinner-party, 
 and it was upon this occasion that Colonel Johnston pro- 
 posed the memorable toast, " Hospitality, the offspring of 
 a noble sentiment." Lieutenant Evans, like a thorough- 
 bred dragoon, proposed a race after dinner and wagered his 
 favorite " Bumble-Bee " against the garrison. Lieutenant 
 Oliver D. Greene (now a brevet brigadier -general) accepted 
 the wager and brought out an artillery horse. The riders 
 were mounted and the "go" was given, but to this day no 
 man knows how the race ended. The regiment encamped 
 for several days near Fort Washita, and then marched to 
 Red River and crossed the stream on the 15th ; passed 
 through Preston, Texas, and arrived at the Upper Cross 
 Timbers on the 19th, where the horses suffered greatly be- 
 cause of a scarcity of water. On the 22d, when about fifty 
 miles north-east of Fort Belknap, the command was caught 
 by one of the most severe " northers " ever experienced in 
 Texas. At the close of a warm, pleasant day a cold wind- 
 storm came with great violence, and the thermometer fell 
 below zero, and ice six inches thick was made. This was 
 followed by rain, hail, snow, and sleet, and the inarch was 
 abandoned for some days, as the storm was too terrible to 
 encounter. Several horses were frozen to death at the 
 picket-lines. Christmas was passed in camp, and the 
 officers and men enjoyed the day as best they could- 
 Captain Whiting and Lieutenant Lowe succeeded, after 
 several failures, in making an egg-nog with frozen eggs ; 
 and Captain Brackett used to tell the story of how Captain 
 Whiting, who was the officer of the day, insisted that 
 Colonel Johnston must join his party, because it was not 
 possible for the commanding officer and the officer of the 
 day to become, at the same time, so much under the in- 
 fluence, etc. Captain Smith relieved Captain Whiting 
 that evening, and the legend is that both were very 
 military during the ceremony of guard-mounting. 
 
 The regiment arrived at Fort Belknap on the 27th, and 
 the long march was ended. The thermometer was now uni- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 35 
 
 formly below zero, and one hundred and thirteen oxen, 
 belonging to a train which was encamped near the post, 
 were frozen to death during the day upon which the regi- 
 ment arrived at Fort Belknap. 
 
 The officers of the regiment represented all sections of 
 the country, and they had great pride in their profession. 
 Twenty-four had received their baptism of fire, while John- 
 ston, Lee, Hardee, Thomas, Van Dorn, Smith, Oakes, 
 Palmer, Stoneman, Jr., O'Hara, Bradfnte, Brackett, Jeni- 
 fer, Royall, Cross, Chambliss, Eagle, Radziminski, Minter, 
 and Wheeler had served in the war with Mexico, during 
 which the National armies won thirty victories, captured 
 ten fortified places and the city of Mexico, and extended 
 their conquests over the territory of Mexico and Califor- 
 nia, which resulted in adding New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, 
 Nevada, and California to the United States of America. 
 
Second Period— 1856-18G1. 
 
 SERVICE IN TEXAS EEOM THE EIO GEASDE TO THE 
 CANADIAN EIVEE. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 The Topography of Texas — Indian Warfare — Pioneers of the West — Assign- 
 ment to Stations— Combats with the Waco and Lipan Indians— Comanche. 
 Expedition — Fort Mason Derby — Combats on the Rio Grande and near the 
 Head-waters of the Concho River. 
 
 Texas lias an area of two hundred and thirty-seven 
 thousand square miles, or about one hundred and fifty 
 millions of acres. The topography is, briefly, as follows : 
 A level prairie borders on the coast for a distance of about 
 three hundred and eighty miles, but towards the interior 
 the surface gradually rises and becomes undulating, still 
 farther inland hilly, and then mountainous. The timber 
 appears as the country becomes undulating, especially in 
 the eastern portion ; but after crossing an extensive belt 
 of woodland more than one hundred miles from the coast, 
 high, rolling prairies are found, composed of rich soil, cov- 
 ered with mesquite-grass, and having sufficient timber, on 
 the banks of the streams and in the valleys, for ordinary 
 purposes. It is an alluvial country, having but little rock 
 on the surface, and everywhere can be found evidences of 
 its having been submerged. In the extreme north primi- 
 tive rocks are found, but they are rarely, if ever, found in 
 the inhabited districts. The variety of latitude and eleva- 
 tion furnishes a like variety of climate and productions. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 37 
 
 The orange and sugar-cane grow in the south, cotton in the 
 middle section, and wheat in the north. We have no State 
 where a greater variety of agricultural productions can 
 be cultivated. The cattle ranges are almost unlimited. 
 Galveston is the principal harbor, about four hundred 
 miles from New Orleans, and with its railroad connections 
 affords an outlet for commercial purposes. It is not a 
 matter of surprise that the Mexican government made 
 such determined efforts to retain this rich territory. The 
 massacres committed under the sanction of its authority, 
 atrocious in their inception and execution, and unparal- 
 leled in modern history, serve to show how highly it was 
 valued. The cause for surprise is that Mexico, even after 
 the capture of Santa Anna, permitted the Texans, with 
 their small army, scant equipments, and crippled resources 
 — destitute of almost everything save an invincible cour- 
 age — to conquer their independence ; but conquer it they 
 did, and by feats of valor of which they could well afford 
 to boast. 
 
 The regiment was now entering a field of duty which it 
 was destined to occupy until the conflict of 1861 burst with 
 such terrible fury upon the country. During the years of 
 which we are about to write the plains of Texas were made 
 famous by its many gallant deeds, and the settlers on that 
 far-away frontier tilled their farms in peace, herded their 
 cattle in security, and slept quietly while its officers and 
 men held watch and ward over them and theirs. The skill 
 with which the regiment was used and the courage and 
 activity of the officers and men soon made the frontier of 
 Texas an unpopular field for the operations of marauding 
 Indians. The life led there had many bright, sunny days, 
 and, all in all, it was as pleasant as could be expected on 
 a distant frontier ; now camping beside a beautiful stream 
 under the kindly shade of oaks, and the next night, by 
 way of contrast, making a camp at a water-hole with a 
 cook-fire of weeds ; one day enjoying the superb climate, so 
 soft and balmy, and the next facing a terrible "norther" ; 
 
38 THE NAERATIVE. 
 
 now marching* along the banks of a bold, impetuous 
 stream, and later following the trail over a broad prairie, 
 beneath a blazing sun, with empty canteens, keenly watch- 
 ing the signs ; and as the trail became fresh the blazing- 
 sun and empty canteens would be forgotten in the eager- 
 ness to overtake and punish the marauding savages. Thus 
 again and again the march would continue for days, until 
 the officers and men resembled in apvjearance the Indians 
 they were pursuing more than they did the "boys in 
 blue ' ' that they were. 
 
 During the Texas service the regiment fought forty well- 
 contested engagements with the Lipan, Apache, Kiowa, 
 and Comanche Indians. Reconnaissances by scores were 
 made on the frontiers as precautionary measures and to 
 gather reliable information concerning the movements of 
 the hostile tribes. A pursuit of hostile Indians is replete 
 with excitement, which grows stronger as the trail gains in 
 distinctness and becomes, in Western parlance, " hotter." 
 There is enough danger in the pursuit and possible sub- 
 sequent attack to make it inviting. Indian service teaches 
 individuality in a broad and comprehensive sense. After 
 a man has served a few years on the frontiers he be- 
 comes wary, suspicious of danger and watchful of its ap- 
 proach, until these become characteristics of his every-day 
 life. These distinctive traits readily mark the experienced 
 soldier and frontier-man, as their absence clearly indicates 
 the verdancy of the recruit and the recent arrival, whose 
 life often pays the forfeit for an unfortunate lack of expe- 
 rience. It is a truism that the more a man knows of 
 Indians the more he respects them and the more carefully 
 he guards against their cunning. 
 
 Nearly all men have a general idea of civilized warfare, 
 but only a few appreciate what is meant by frontier service. 
 Not more than five men of a hundred who read in the news- 
 papers that the regular troops had an engagement with 
 hostile Indians understand what it has cost in toil and 
 suffering, life and money, to secure the result. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 39 
 
 It is safe to assert that outside of army circles only a 
 few persons realize that the troops had been pursuing the 
 enemy for days, sometimes weeks (as is of ten the ease) ; 
 carrying bacon and hard-bread in the saddle-bags ; suffer- 
 ing at times for water ; shivering at night under a saddle 
 blanket and sweltering during the day beneath a blazing- 
 sun ; wearied with marching day and night and by an in- 
 tensity of alertness which is essential to secure success ; 
 and that finally, when the troops had succeeded in over- 
 taking the enemy, the attack was made with the courage 
 which men display when fighting with the knowledge that 
 defeat means death by torture, that they were remote 
 from assistance, and that there was no hope in retreat, no 
 safety but in victory. 
 
 If soldiers suffer a defeat in civilized warfare the worst 
 that can happen is a surrender. The wounded are treated 
 in accordance with the recognized rules of warfare between 
 civilized belligerents. If troops are defeated in Indian 
 warfare there is no surrender. If they cannot success- 
 fully retreat, those of the number not fortunate enough to 
 be killed outright in the combat will be subjected to cruel 
 tortures for the amusement of the women and children of 
 the warriors. It is, therefore, apparent that the officers 
 who lead detachments of troops against hostile Indians, 
 where the chances are about equal, are the leaders of for- 
 lorn hopes, and that the men who follow them are heroes. 
 Their only safety is in victory. The slightest indication 
 of wavering is fatal, as the enemy will seize the advantage 
 with all the acuteness of their savage intellects, and will 
 press it for all it is worth. It requires a higher order 
 of courage to fight the warlike Indians of the West than 
 it does to engage a civilized foe ; and while Indian cam- 
 paigns may not constitute a state of war within the mean- 
 ing of the Revised Statutes of the United States, they do 
 present the most active peace establishments recorded in 
 the history of the country. 
 
 Let the" men who have never heard the war-whoop of 
 
40 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 the Sioux, Apache, or Comanche, and who think that In- 
 dian warfare is a picnic, having no dangers or hardships in 
 it, join the regular troops for a campaign ; let them make 
 night marches, suffer for water, dovetail themselves be- 
 tween straggling beds of cacti for chance sleep during the 
 night, eat bacon and hard-bread — with a change to horse- 
 meat, at times, to vary the monotony of the diet — and 
 finally meet the enemy in his chosen position and be com- 
 pelled to dislodge him. They will then learn that the In- 
 dians rarely throw away shots, however often the soldiers, 
 because they have an abundance of ammunition, may do 
 so. They will learn, if the troops are defeated, that it re- 
 quires the coolest courage to extricate the command from 
 destruction ; that the idea of a surrender cannot be en- 
 tertained for a moment, because a surrender would re- 
 sult in certain death. Indian warfare may be briefly 
 stated as "war even to the knife," so far as the white 
 men are concerned. The Indians do surrender when 
 nothing more is to be gained by fighting, and they are 
 sure of being fed and clothed at the public expense until 
 they are again ready for the war-path. 
 
 It often happens, when the country congratulates itself 
 upon a year of peace, that the regular army has been con- 
 stantly at work, standing between the Indians and the 
 pioneers who are marking out the path of empire in the 
 West, officers and men falling on unnamed fields, winning 
 honor and praise only from those who know the value of 
 their services. 
 
 We read of the pioneers who have fought on the skir- 
 mish-line in the battle of civilization until the waters of the 
 Pacific have stayed their course. For courage and endur- 
 ance they have ever been proudly pre-eminent. They con- 
 stitute an essential element in the progress of a new coun- 
 try, and many of them in early youth abandoned honored 
 homes for the wilds of the West. They are men of deeds, 
 not words ; rough, and often viciously inclined when 
 aroused to anger, but always proving by their frank and 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 41 
 
 fearless manners that nature can excel art in producing 
 the best type of a generous manhood. These men are 
 passing away because there are only a few fields remaining 
 for them to conquer. Since civilization crossed the Ohio 
 River and began her march towards the western sea the 
 officers and men of the army have moved side by side with 
 these pioneers — often in their advance, rarely in their rear. 
 From the pioneers the army learned lessons of fortitude, 
 of individuality, and of perseverance which, at a critical 
 period in the history of the nation, repaid a thousand-fold 
 all the moneys appropriated for its support. Officers and 
 men become cosmopolitan— citizens of a nation, not of a 
 State. They see so much of this grand country that they 
 exult in the magnificent thought of Coleridge : "A nation 
 of a hundred million freemen, stretching from the Atlantic 
 to the Pacific, living under the laws of Alfred and speak- 
 ing the language of Shakespeare." 
 
 Upon the arrival of the regiment at Fort Belknap orders 
 were received assigning the companies to stations. The 
 headquarters, with companies B, C, D, G, H, and I, were 
 directed to occupy the old post of Fort Mason, on the Rio 
 Llano ; and companies A, E, F, and K, under Major Har- 
 dee, were directed to establish a station near the Indian 
 Reservation on the Clear Fork of the Brazos, about forty 
 miles from Fort Belknap, for the purpose of watching the 
 northern and middle Comanches. Major Hardee arrived 
 there on the 3d of January, 1856, and established a station 
 about one mile above the Indian village, which was named 
 "Cooper" in honor of the adjutant-general of the army. 
 The companies lived in tents during the winter, which 
 was one of the most severe ever experienced in that sec- 
 tion. Northers followed each other in rapid succession, 
 and as there were no stables the horses suffered severely 
 and were frequently covered with frozen sleet. An attempt 
 was made to erect shelter for them, but failed because 
 of the poor material at hand ; and the picket-lines of two 
 of the companies were located under the shelter of the 
 
42 THE 2TAKKATIVE. 
 
 high banks of the creek, while the others located their 
 picket-lines on two benches on the mountain-side. Many 
 of the horses perished because of the exposure, although, 
 strange as it may seem, none of them died until the good 
 weather came, when the staggers prevailed to an alarm- 
 ing extent and they died in great numbers. There was 
 excellent hunting in the vicinity of the camp, and the 
 men were encouraged to avail themselves of this recreation 
 to assist in educating them to ride, shoot, and acquire a 
 knowledge of the adjacent country. 
 
 The headquarters and six companies destined for Fort 
 Mason started from Fort Belknap about the same time, 
 and, crossing the Clear Fork of the Brazos, the Pecan, the 
 Colorado, and the San Saba rivers, arrived at their desti- 
 nation on the 14th of January, 1S56. During the march 
 one of the men killed an American lion (known in Texas as 
 a cougar), which charged upon him with distended jaws 
 and full of fight. The event created quite a ripple of 
 excitement in the command. A number of horses died 
 during the march because of their exposure to the severe 
 wen ther. 
 
 The quarters were found to be insufficient for the com- 
 fort of the families, and Colonel Johnston, setting an ex- 
 ample, reserved only one room for his own use. The 
 buildings were only sufficient for store-rooms and hospital 
 purposes. The officers were provided with hospital and 
 wall tents, and the men had " Sibleys," which were raised 
 five feet from the ground and supported on posts, the in- 
 tervals between which were closed with adobe mud. No 
 preparation had been made for the troops, and the only 
 bread they had was made of corn crushed in a mortar. 
 This condition of affairs continued until a supply train 
 arrived bringing rations, clothing, and the regimental bag- 
 gage. The command was established in a camp near the 
 old fort, and small parties were frequently sent out, more 
 for the purpose of instructing the men than with any hope 
 of meeting hostile Indians. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 43 
 
 The march from Jefferson Barracks to Texas afforded an 
 excellent school in which to teach horsemanship to the 
 men. A Vliile exercise in a riding-hall imparts the theory 
 of horsemanship, which is essential, only time and practice 
 can make good riders, and it is a proverb that good riders 
 will make good raiders. Moreover, in a contest on horse- 
 back, it is not the powerful but the skilful rider who will 
 generally win the victory. The rider who does not know 
 how to manage his horse will surely meet with disaster 
 when he is matched against a rider who does know how to 
 do so. No more forcible illustration of this truth can be 
 found than in the superior skill displayed by the mounted 
 Indians of the West. They are the model irregular light 
 cavalry of North America. Mounted they are every- 
 thing ; dismounted they are nothing. Their remarkable 
 skill in horsemanship is universally acknowledged. A 
 cavalry recruit should not be assigned to a regiment until 
 he gives promise of making a good rider and knows how 
 to take care of a horse. 
 
 When the regiment reached its stations in Texas the 
 border was filled with terror. The year 1855 had been one 
 of unusual disaster. The Indians had murdered and pil- 
 laged as far down as the Blanco, within twenty miles of 
 Austin, and (in September) even below San Antonio. The 
 arrival of the regiment changed the aspect of affairs, and 
 a vigorous warfare upon the Comanches, illustrated by 
 many successful combats, gave an unwonted security to 
 the settlers. One of the newspapers said, in speaking 
 of Colonel Johnston and the regiment: "We believe 
 we express the common sentiment of our frontier people 
 that no predecessor has given more satisfaction to them, 
 or inspired them with more confidence in the United 
 States army, than this gallant officer and well-known 
 citizen.-' 
 
 The combats and encounters of the regiment were fre- 
 quently complimented in orders, which measurably indi- 
 cated the services rendered, though not the toil, the ac- 
 
44 THE NAERATIVE. 
 
 tivity, the suffering, and the useful results of its employ- 
 ment. 
 
 Captain Oakes, with a part of his company, started from 
 Fort Mason on the 14th of February in pursuit of a band 
 of Waco Indians. On the third day he found their trail 
 and followed it six days in the direction of and beyond 
 Fort Terrett, and on the 22d he overtook the enemy and 
 routed, them, killing and wounding several warriors and 
 capturing their animals and other property. Two of the 
 men were severely wounded and several arrows passed 
 through the clothing of two others. The troops were 
 exposed to wet and cold weather, and for more than seven 
 days subsisted upon two days' allowance of bread and cof- 
 fee, such game as they could kill, and the flesh of horses 
 they were obliged to abandon. This was the first blood 
 for the regiment. 
 
 A party of Lipans made a descent in March upon the 
 settlements on the Cibolo, not far from San Antonio, and 
 killed two citizens and carried away a large quantity of 
 valuable property. Captain Brackett, with a part of his 
 company, was then on the Guadalupe River, and on the 
 8th the marauders, numbering twenty-five warriors, were 
 discovered by First Sergeant Gordon encamped in a dense 
 cedar-brake near the river. As a mounted charge could 
 not be made, the men dashed in on foot among the rocks 
 and cedars, and a volley from their carbines was the first 
 notification to the savages that the avengers of their late 
 barbarities were upon them. They were completely sur- 
 prised, and after a slight resistance fled from the field, 
 leaving their plunder and property behind. Their loss 
 was never known, but three warriors were killed, a num- 
 ber of horses and mules were captured, and sundry 
 land papers of importance, a draft for one thousand 
 pounds sterling, and a large supply of clothing were re- 
 covered. 
 
 Colonel Johnston was assigned to the command of the 
 Department of Texas, to date from April 1, 1856, and con- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 45 
 
 tinned to command the regiment with the headquarters at 
 San Antonio. 
 
 Captain Oakes, with a part of his company, started on 
 an expedition on the 20th of April, marched four hundred 
 and fifty miles, and defeated, with some loss, a party of 
 Comanches near the head-waters of the Concho River 
 on the 1st of May, and returned to Fort Mason after an 
 absence of twenty-two days. 
 
 It was decided in June, 1856, to dispatch an expedition 
 against the Comanches, and accordingly companies A and 
 F marched from Camp Cooper and companies B and Gr 
 marched from Fort Mason on the 12th, and united at Fort 
 Chadbourne on the 18th, where Lieutenant-Colonel Lee 
 assumed the command. The expedition then proceeded to 
 the head -waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers, where 
 Captain Van Dorn with his company, after a tedious pur- 
 suit, surprised a party of Comanches on the 1st of July, 
 and killed two warriors and captured one prisoner, twelve 
 animals, and other property. The companies rejoined 
 their stations on the 23d of July. 
 
 Daring the movement Captain Evans was directed to 
 make a reconnaissance for the purpose of ascertaining if 
 a suitable place could be found for a summer encamp- 
 ment on any of the streams near the head-waters of 
 the Brazos and Colorado rivers. The captain rejoined 
 the command in due season, and reported that he had 
 found a beautiful location which was well supplied 
 with wood, water, and grass. Lieutenant-Colonel Lee 
 quietly listened until the captain had completed his ver- 
 bal report, and then, with a merry twinkle in his eyes, 
 said: "Captain, your report is quite satisfactory; but 
 did you drink of the water to ascertain if it was good?" 
 Captain Evans instantly replied: "By Jove! I never 
 thought to taste the water." Those who remember 
 "Shanks Evans" will appreciate the quiet joke at his 
 expense. 
 The regiment had quite an excitement dining the sum- 
 
46 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 mer, known as "The Fort Mason Derby." Captain Evans 
 matched his famous "Bumble-Bee" against Lieutenant 
 Jenifer's "Gray Eagle" for one thousand yards and 
 repeat. 
 
 Bumble-Bee was a slashing thorough-bred Glencoe colt 
 by imported Glencoe. His style and carriage were very 
 fine, and for a large horse (about sixteen hands) the most 
 perfect working thorough-bred a man could desire. His 
 legs, without a blemish, were set on springing pasterns and 
 sound feet. He had a good body with broad quarters, in- 
 dicating immense power ; a full neck and an ugly head 
 well up ; small and clean-cut ears ; broad forehead ; large 
 eyes, clear, bold, and intelligent, but giving out occasional 
 flashes of his temper ; high withers and loins, but not at all 
 sway-backed. His general appearance indicated power, 
 courage, and activity ; and he was one of the finest of 
 the many fine horses in the regiment, and was reputed 
 to be one of the fastest horses in Texas, but he was 
 wild, untamable, and difficult to manage. He could carry 
 any reasonable weight. A thousand yards was his best 
 distance, as he never settled into his stride under four 
 hundred yards, and he had defeated, every horse that 
 had been matched against him at that distance. Beyond 
 this distance he would begin to throw up his tail and 
 stride a little abroad, and required the whip to keep him 
 up to his work. He was not fast for a short race for the 
 reason just given, and had been defeated in a quarter race 
 at Fort Mason by an inferior horse ; neither was he to be 
 wholly relied upon for his distance, as he was sometimes 
 vicious about starting ; but if well started it was difficult 
 to defeat him. 
 
 Gray Eagle was by Wilton Brown, he by imported 
 Priam. He was a remarkably well-built horse, but not so 
 large as Bumble-Bee and of a shorter stride. He pos- 
 sessed fine staying qualities, a superbly elastic step, and 
 was full worthy of contending for racing honors against 
 his famous rival. 
 
THE NAERATIVE. 47 
 
 A General Court-Martial was in session at Fort Mason, 
 and quite a number of officers were in attendance, includ- 
 ing Colonel Johnston, Major Thomas, and Captain John 
 H. King (now a brevet major-general). The race was made 
 by the officers of the regiment, Lieutenant Wood being 
 the prime mover. An offer was made to run Bumble-Bee 
 against Gray Eagle for one thousand yards, which Lieu- 
 tenant Jenifer declined, as he preferred mile heats. He 
 was induced, however, to make a race for one thousand 
 yards and repeat, although against his judgment, as Bum- 
 ble-Bee had made good races in Kentucky, while Gray 
 Eagle's speed and strength had never been tested except 
 on the drill-ground and in the Baucher school. The race 
 was to be run within ten days, and all seemed to have 
 a special interest in the coming event — the ladies betting 
 gloves and handkerchiefs, and the officers baskets of 
 champagne and, here and there, a pay account ; but the 
 two thorough-bred descendants of imported sires were 
 supposed to be so evenly matched that neither had any 
 advantage in the betting, although the little gray had 
 more admirers, especially with the ladies, who were lavish 
 with their praises as the handsome grandson of Priam 
 passed their carriages in taking his preparatory canter 
 before the start. His well-known staying qualities were 
 an advantage to him on the deep and uneven track, while 
 his elastic step and glossy coat, together with the artistic 
 arrangement of his mane and tail, made him the favorite. 
 Bumble-Bee was not looking so well. He seemed to have 
 lost his usual race-like stride as he cantered down the 
 track, and the dulness of his eyes showed that he was not 
 in first-rate condition — probably the quartermaster had 
 failed to furnish suitable forage for the important occa- 
 sion. The easy, elastic stride of Gray Eagle as he came 
 down the home-stretch caught the eyes of experienced 
 riders, who pronounced him in a condition to run for a 
 man's life. Bumble-Bee's stride, although longer, was 
 not so much admired, especially as the track was deep 
 
48 TIIE NARKATIVE. 
 
 and heavy, and it was feared that he could not stand the 
 push, so the main chance for Gray Eagle was to make 
 play from the start and keep his rival moving. 
 
 Lieutenant Van Camp, who was Bumble-Bee's rider, had 
 an easy and graceful seat, and was one of the best "close- 
 seat" riders in the regiment. The rider of Gray Eagle 
 was his owner, who had often in civil life followed the 
 hounds over rough places ; had once crowned a queen of 
 beauty on the tournament field ; had carried off the prize 
 in many races with gentlemen riders, and had never lost 
 a basket of champagne on the slowest horse. 
 
 After the horses had been given their preliminary canter 
 they came up for the start. Bumble-Bee was quiet but 
 slightly nervous ; Gray Eagle was all life, but did not pull 
 three pounds on the bit. The starting judges were Lieu- 
 tenants Johnson and Wood, and the coming-out judges 
 were Captain Bradfute and Lieutenant Field. The rivals 
 stood nearly side by side, Bumble-Bee a trifle ahead and 
 Gray Eagle on the inside. The judges gave the "go" 
 and Van Camp made a dash for the inside ; but Gray 
 Eagle did not move, as Jenifer claimed a false start, which 
 Van Camp admitted and was turning back when Captain 
 Evans said, "Goon." Bumble-Bee then made the run 
 around the track and won the heat without an effort, as 
 Gray Eagle did not move from the starting-post. After a 
 lengthy discussion the judges allowed the heat and Cap- 
 tain Evans claimed the race ; but as there is no distance 
 in a thousand yards, unless agreed to by both parties, the 
 claim was not allowed and the second heat was ordered. 
 This, of course, had to be run. good or bad. The horses 
 were again mounted, with Bumble-Bee on the inside. 
 The "go" was given and a fair start was made. The 
 only chance for Gray Eagle was to keex> his rival moving 
 and give him no respite. He could gain some at the turn, 
 which was a sharp one, and where Bumble-Bee's long- 
 stride would cause him to lose a few lengths before he 
 could " straighten out " on the home-stretch. At this critz- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 49 
 
 cal juncture Van Camp leaned forward, gave the reins, 
 applied the whip, drawing blood at each stroke, and 
 Bumble-Bee began to throw up his tail and stride a little 
 abroad, for the track was heavy and uneven. If the race 
 had been for twelve hundred yards Gray Eagle would 
 have won the heat, as he was gaining rapidly on a tight 
 rein, which was yielding with every stride. When only 
 fifty yards from the outcome he closed the gap and the 
 race was head and tail. The ladies waved their handker- 
 chiefs, the officers and men cheered themselves hoarse, and 
 the field was wild with excitement. The rivals were do- 
 ing their best to win the victory. A few more strides, for 
 which Bumble-Bee seemed to nerve himself, and the gal- 
 lant son of Glencoe was the winner by a short length. If 
 Gray Eagle had made the first heat and pushed his rival 
 from the start the chances were more than even that he 
 would have won the second and third heats. Ca.ptain 
 Brackett, the dry wit of the regiment, declared that Gray 
 Eagle would have won the race anyhow but for the too 
 nice adjustment of his back hair. 
 
 The Derby ended with a single-mile dash between Cap- 
 tain Palmer' s chestnut mare, pedigree unknown, and Lieu- 
 tenant Field's bay filly, by Boston. Lieutenant Wood 
 rode the chestnut mare, and Lieutenant Field rode the 
 filly. Wood used Jenifer's light saddle, and had not gone 
 half the distance when he slipped off and Field won the 
 race. Wood claimed that the saddle turned at the instant 
 the mare stepped into a gopher-hole. But he owes the 
 wine to this day. 
 
 For the purx^ose of affording additional protection to the 
 settlements against the raids of predatory Indians the fol- 
 lowing assignments were made, in June, of the squadrons 
 of the regiment : 
 
 The first squadron (A and F) was to take station near 
 
 the crossing of the Colorado River on the direct road from 
 
 Fort Mason to Fort Belknap ; or, if found preferable, at 
 
 any point on or near the road within six miles north of the 
 
 4 
 
50 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 river, the station to take the name of the stream on which 
 it was established. 
 
 The second squadron (B and G) was to remain at Fort 
 Mason. 
 
 The third squadron (C and I) was to take station at Fort 
 Clark. 
 
 The fourth squadron (D and K) was divided : Company 
 D was to take station at Camp Verde, and Company K 
 was to take station on the El Paso Road near the cross- 
 ing of the Sabinal, the station to be known as Camp 
 Sabinal. 
 
 The fifth squadron (E and H) was to take station at 
 Camp Cooper. 
 
 Company C remained on temporary duty at Fort Mason. 
 Company H was ordered to establish a camp near the 
 crossing of the Colorado River, and Company I a camp 
 on the Sabinal. Company K remained on temporary duty 
 at Camp Cooper. These companies were to be relieved 
 and proceed to their stations when the Comanche expedi- 
 tion under Lieutenant-Colonel Lee returned from the Held. 
 The original orders for these movements were subsequently 
 changed to station Company I at Camp Sabinal and Com- 
 pany K at Fort Inge. 
 
 The companies were now widely separated, and did not 
 again come together until the winter of 1861-62, except 
 the partial concentration at Fort Belknap in 1858 under 
 the orders to march to Fort Leavenworth. 
 
 Captain Oakes, with a part of his company and small 
 detachments of the First Infantry and the First Artil- 
 lery, started on the 20th of August on an expedition from 
 Fort Clark, and penetrated the country between that sta- 
 tion and the mouth of the Pecos River, hitherto not visited 
 by troops and considered very difficult of access. The 
 expedition was conducted with so much judgment and 
 energy that in the operations of a day (August 30) three 
 bands of Indians were surprised between the Rio Grande 
 and Pecos River, near their junction. Eight warriors were 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 51 
 
 killed and wounded, and their animals and other property 
 taken or destroyed. 
 
 After Company I arrived on the Sabinal it was constant- 
 ly employed on lield-service between the Hondo and the 
 Nueces. There were only a few settlers on the rivers, and 
 they were frontier-men of the most pronounced type. 
 The post guides, Westfall and Robinson, were skilled in 
 their calling, besides being experienced Indian fighters. 
 The former had been shot through the breast by an In- 
 dian in the summer of 1855 and left for dead near his 
 cabin. At the same time a man who was living with him 
 was killed, and the savages, not content with this work, 
 shot his dog. Robinson had received a bullet through his 
 right hand from the same source, and of course these men 
 were ready at all times for field-service. 
 
 The following incidents serve measurably to indicate the 
 character of the conflicts which were constantly taking 
 place between the settlers and the Indians. 
 
 A war-party of Comanches entered the Canon Uvalde in 
 July, and, after committing many depredations, retreated 
 into the mountains, where a party of citizens overtook 
 them and a combat ensued, in which, after a series of 
 manoeuvres, the Indians obtained the advantage and des- 
 perately wounded two of the whites— one, Lakey, faced the 
 enemy with an empty revolver until he had five arrows 
 shot into his breast ; the other, Bearmore, was carried to 
 the rear by his comrades. Robinson, the guide, was also 
 wounded. Lakey' s courageous conduct rescued the en- 
 tire party from certain death. When these men returned 
 to the settlements another force was organized on the Rio 
 Sabinal (Captain Brackett's company was then on the 
 head-waters of the San Saba and Guadalupe) and started 
 in pursuit. After following the marauders for five days 
 their animals were discovered near the Leona River, and, 
 carefully approaching, the Indians were found encamped 
 in a thick undergrowth on the bank of the river and en- 
 gaged in singing war-songs in exultation over their late 
 
52 THE NARRATIVE. • 
 
 successes. In the combat which ensued seven warriors 
 were killed and the stolen animals were recovered. The 
 dead bodies of the warriors were seen several days after- 
 wards when Company I was marching down the river. 
 
 The Indians had stolen so many animals from Bowies' 
 ranch, nine miles below Camp Sabinal, that the owner was 
 beside himself with the fear that they would eventually 
 steal all he owned. Having discovered that they always 
 approached his inclosures by the same path, he arranged 
 a place for concealment on the side of the river opposite 
 his premises, and, having loaded a double-barreled shot- 
 gun with nine revolver-balls and thirty large duck-shot in 
 each barrel, he took his position and patiently waited for 
 the thieves. About one o'clock in the morning three In- 
 dians approached within twenty yards of him, when they 
 halted and began making arrangements to cross the river. 
 The moon was shining brightly and the Indians were 
 above him on slightly rising ground. Taking deliberate 
 aim, he pulled both triggers and a terrific report followed, 
 although only one barrel was discharged. The nearest 
 Indian, mortally wounded, leaped so high that Bowles 
 said when he came down "it seemed as though he was 
 falling out of a tree," and he yelled in the most frantic 
 manner, " Bob-a-shee-lah " (my good friend). The con- 
 tents of the second barrel ended his career. The second 
 Indian succeeded in making his escape, although badly 
 wounded, and the third one crawled away about thirty 
 yards, where he was found dead. The Indians did not 
 steal any more live stock from that ranch. 
 
 Colonel Johnston, alluding to the favorable change in 
 the condition of Indian affairs in the department, said in 
 
 " So far, since my administration of the affairs of this 
 department, our frontiers have been free from Indian in- 
 cursions. Our troops have driven them far into the in- 
 terior, and I hope they will not soon venture in again. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 53 
 
 This is, of course, only a hope, for there is nothing in the 
 nature of the country offering any obstacle to their move- 
 ments. The country is open as the ocean. They can 
 come when they like, taking the risk of chastisement. If 
 they choose, therefore, it need only be a question of legs." 
 
 Company I was transferred in September to Fort Clark, 
 and thence in November to a temporary station on the 
 west bank of the Nueces River about ten miles below old 
 Fort Ewell, where it remained until January, 1857. It 
 was almost constantly employed during this period on 
 reconnaissance duty on the Atascosa, the Frio, and on the 
 Rio Grande above and below Laredo ; and thence ninety 
 miles to the north and east, touching at the ponds and 
 arroyos lying on and convenient to the old trails of the 
 Comanches. Los Ojuelos, San Ignacio, and other favor- 
 ite resorts for predatory bands afforded no traces of recent 
 visits, and the settlers united in saying that because of the 
 vigorous operations of the regiment the country between 
 the Nueces and the Rio Grande had not been so quiet for 
 many years. 
 
 Lieutenant Jenifer, with a small detachment of Com- 
 pany B, surprised on the 19th of November a party of 
 Comanches on the Rio Llano south of Fort Mason, and 
 captured their equipments and other property, but the 
 Indians succeeded in making their escape in the thick 
 undergrowth which surrounded their camp. 
 
 Captain Bradfute, with a detachment of his company, 
 after a march of eight days came upon and surprised a 
 party of Comanches near the head-waters of the main 
 Concho on the 26th of November, and killed four, wounded 
 some, captured one prisoner and their animals and camp 
 equipage. One enlisted man was severely wounded. The 
 command returned to Fort Mason after having made a 
 march of live hundred miles. 
 
 Lieutenant Witherell, with a detachment of Company C 
 and accompanied by Lieutenant Owens and Lieutenant E. 
 
54 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 W. H. Read, Eighth Infantry,* both of whom had volun- 
 teered for the occasion, after a severe march of three days 
 in diligent search of the enemy, came upon a party of 
 Muscalero Apaches, on the 21st of December, who were 
 posted in a dense chaparral on the east bank of the Rio 
 Grande. He charged upon and drove them across the 
 river into Mexico, and killed and wounded several war- 
 riors and captured their horses, arms, and other property. 
 
 Captain Johnson, with a part of his company, after an 
 exciting march of seven days from Camp Colorado, came 
 upon a part of Saneco' s band of Comanches near the head- 
 waters of the main Concho on the 22d of December. He 
 charged upon and drove them into a dense chaparral, 
 where they halted and began a stubborn fight. He dis- 
 mounted his men and followed the enemy into the thicket, 
 and killed three, wounded three, rescued a Mexican cap- 
 tive, and captured thirty-four horses and their camp 
 equipage. In this sharp conflict two privates were killed 
 and two were wounded. The Mexican had been with the 
 Indians from early childhood and expressed no desire to 
 return to civilized life. First Sergeant Gardner facetiously 
 termed him "a naturalized Comanche." He reported one 
 afternoon that the Mexican was watching for a chance 
 to escape, and when asked how he knew this to be so 
 replied: "I have been watching him all day, and he has 
 done nothing but look around at the hills." If a nod of 
 the head had been given in reply it is doubtful if the poor 
 fellow would have lived to eat roast beef in the guard- 
 house at Camp Colorado. 
 
 The records show that during the year 1856 the regi- 
 ment was actively employed on a line of frontier extend- 
 ing from Red River, in Northern Texas, to Fort Mcintosh, 
 
 * Lieutenant Eead was en route to his station, and, being unable to obtain an escort 
 reported for duty and served with the regiment at Fort Clark from December 16 
 1856, to January 7, 1857. He was distinguished in this combat for conspicuous gallantry 
 Resigned as a captain Eighth Infantry May 29, 1873; brevet major July 2, 1863, for gal 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Gettvsburg. Died at Troy, N. Y., Novern 
 bcr 11, 1875. 
 
THE NAKKATIVE. 
 
 55 
 
 on the Rio Grande. Only two squadrons occupied quar- 
 ters during any part of the year. The companies were 
 successful in every combat with the Indians, killing some, 
 wounding others, and capturing their property. Thirty 
 minor expeditions were made during the year, which 
 served to educate the men in field-service and enabled 
 them to acquire a knowledge of the topography of the 
 country. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 Brackett's Expedition— Combats near the Concho River and on Kickapoo 
 Creek — Jenifer's Affair on the Nueces River — Combats on the Frio, Nueces, 
 and Llano Rivers — The assignment of Colonel Johnston to the Utah Expe- 
 dition — Hood's brilliant Action on Devil's River, and Whiting's Pursuit of 
 the Enemy into the Wichita Mountains — The Affairs and Combats at Santa 
 Catalina and Salamonana, and on the Brazos, Verde, and Nueces Rivers. 
 
 The beginning of January, 1857, found the regiment in 
 excellent condition for field-service, and, with the know- 
 ledge of the country acquired during the previous year, 
 the companies were better prepared to cope with the 
 savages, who, finding that they could not successfully 
 engage the troops on equal terms, were beginning to mass 
 themselves in larger bands for their marauding expeditions 
 upon the exposed frontiers. 
 
 Although only the most conspicuous operations of the 
 year will be recorded, all were productive of good results, 
 even although the Indians were not in each iustance over- 
 taken and chastised. 
 
 Captain Brackett was the first to take the field, starting 
 with his company from Fort Clark. His operations cov- 
 ered a period of thirty-two days and a march of six hun- 
 dred miles. On the 1st of February, when near the Arroyo 
 de los Encinas, between Eagle Pass and Laredo, he dis- 
 covered a band of hostile Indians and immediately started 
 in pursuit ; but they succeeded in gaining the shelter of 
 the dense thickets of trees and bushes which lined the 
 banks of the stream. They were pursued for five miles 
 down the Arroyo, which emptied into the Rio Grande a 
 short distance below. The ground was badly broken with 
 deep ravines, and many of the horses were severely wound- 
 ed by the bunches of prickly pears, Spanish bayonets, and 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 57 
 
 mesquite-buslies which they were obliged to pass through 
 (luring- the pursuit. In spite of all that could be done the 
 Indians succeeded in escaping to the Mexican side, but 
 their retreat was so hasty that they abandoned a consider- 
 able part of their property. The command encamped for 
 the night on the bank of the river, hoping that the savages 
 would recross and attempt to steal some horses, in which 
 event preparations were made to give them a warm recep- 
 tion ; but they concluded, in this instance, that discretion 
 was the better part of valor, and wisely remained where 
 they were. 
 
 Lieutenant Wood, with a detachment of Company B, 
 marched from Fort Mason, and, finding a new Indian trail, 
 followed it for three days, when he overtook and engaged 
 on the 12th of February a band of Comanches near the 
 north branch of the Concho River. Three warriors were 
 killed and two were captured, as were their animals and 
 other property — a complete success, without loss or seri- 
 ous hurt to the victors. Lieutenant Wood was slightly 
 wounded. 
 
 First Sergeant Walter McDonald, with a detachment of 
 Company D, starting from Camp Verde, vigorously pur- 
 sued and attacked on the 13th of February a band of 
 Comanches on Kickapoo Creek. After a severe combat he 
 defeated the enemy, and inflicted upon them a loss of six 
 warriors and captured their animals. One private was 
 mortally wounded and died the next day at Fort McKavett, 
 and a bugler was severely wounded. 
 
 Lieutenant Jenifer, with a detachment of Company B, 
 left Fort Inge in March, and after a search of thirteen 
 days, during which time he traveled about three hundred 
 miles, discovered on the 4th of April new Indian signs 
 near the head-waters of the north branch of the Nueces, 
 leading into a very rocky country and almost impassable 
 for cavalry. He dismounted, and, leaving the horses with 
 a small guard, continued the pursuit with only seven men. 
 After a tedious march for several miles over the badly 
 
58 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 broken ground he came upon a camp of one hundred 
 Indians. Any officer with only seven men would have 
 been justified if he had quietly withdrawn his command 
 from the presence of such odds ; but Lieutenant Jenifer 
 continued to approach the camp until he was within two 
 hundred and fifty yards of it, when he was discovered and 
 attacked by the warriors. At the same time he was threat- 
 ened by a returning mounted party. He was powerless to 
 make an aggressive fight, but he repulsed the enemy with 
 a known loss of three killed and wounded. When night 
 came he withdrew his men, rejoined his horses, and the 
 next morning pluckily returned to renew the combat, but 
 the enemy had disappeared. The detachment was in the 
 field for seventeen days, the last three of which the men 
 were without rations. 
 
 Lieutenant Wood, with a detachment of Company B, 
 starting from Fort Inge, vigorously pursued a largely 
 superior force of Indians, and, driving and leading his 
 horses for five days through the mountains near the head- 
 waters of the Nueces, overtook the savages on the 19th of 
 April and defeated them- with a severe loss, besides cap- 
 turing their property. And Lieutenant Jenifer, with a 
 detachment of the same company, overtook a band of hos- 
 tile Indians on the 25th of May near the same place, and 
 defeated them with some loss and captured their horses 
 and other property. 
 
 Two successful expeditions were made during June and 
 July from Fort Inge by detachments of Company B. Cor- 
 poral John Boyden pursued, overtook, and defeated a 
 band of Comanches near the head-waters of the Rio Frio 
 on the 30th of June, and captured their horses and other 
 property ; and Sergeant William P. Leverett pursued, 
 overtook, and defeated another band of Comanches on the 
 south branch of the Llano River on the 2d of July. He 
 captured a number of their animals, together with the 
 greater part of their camp equipage. 
 
 During the first half of the year many expeditions were 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 59 
 
 in the field under the command of the company officers, 
 and their movements greatly alarmed the Indians, who 
 retreated into the mountains, and the settlements were 
 relieved of their dangerous presence. 
 
 Colonel Johnston was relieved from the command of the 
 Department of Texas on the 18th of May by Brigadier- 
 General David E. Twiggs, and soon thereafter was in- 
 structed to transfer the command of the regiment to 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Lee and report in person at the War 
 Department for distant service. Lieutenant-Colonel Lee 
 proceeded to San Antonio, where the command of the 
 regiment was transferred to him. Colonel Johnston then 
 repaired to Washington, and received orders assigning him 
 to the command of the Utah expedition. He hastened 
 to Fort Leavenworth, and set out from that place in Sep- 
 tember with an escort of dragoons and joined the expedi- 
 tion two months later on Ham's Fork of Green River, 
 where he assumed the command of the troops, and, moving 
 to the vicinity of Fort Bridger, established his winter quar- 
 ters on Henry' s Fork. He never again served with the 
 regiment, but the officers and men watched with soldierly 
 pride his brilliant and successful career in Utah and on the 
 Pacific coast. 
 
 Lieutenant Hood, with twenty-four men of Company G, 
 marched from Fort Mason in July for the head- waters of 
 the Concho, a favorite resort of hostile Indians. When 
 near the mouth of Kiowa Creek, towards the close of the 
 fourth day of a fatiguing march, he discovered an Indian 
 trail, and followed it until he arrived at a water-hole near 
 the head of Devil's River, thence over the bluffs and 
 mountains until late on the afternoon of the 20th, when he 
 left it and marched towards the river for water. When 
 about two miles from the river he observed on a ridge 
 three miles away a large flag waving in the breeze, and 
 near which a number of horses were grazing. The orders 
 at that time were to attack all Indians found off the reser- 
 vations. He started towards the flag, cautioning his men 
 
60 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 not to fire until he directed them to do so. His fighting 
 force consisted of seventeen men — the others were to the 
 rear with the pack-mules. As he neared the place five 
 Indians came forward, one of them carrying the flag ; and 
 when the troopers were within thirty ya,rds of them the flag 
 was dropped and the Indians set fire to a pile of weeds 
 and brush which they had gathered. At the same instant 
 a party of thirty warriors arose from behind the low 
 bushes and opened a fire upon the command, and another 
 party of ten mounted warriors charged with lances. Lieu- 
 tenant Hood found himself engaged with a band of fifty 
 Lipan and Comanche warriors ; and, as they outnumbered 
 his fighting force three to one, it was simply a question of 
 making as desperate a defense as possible against such 
 overwhelming odds. The men, encouraged by Lieutenant 
 Hood's display of personal courage, charged with ringing 
 cheers and engaged the savages in a hand-to-hand con- 
 flict. The enemy were too strong, however, for the gal- 
 lant troopers, and were slowly pressing them back when 
 Lieutenant Hood again inspired them with his superb 
 courage, and led them in a revolver charge straight at 
 the enemy, who fell back, unable to withstand the im- 
 petuosity of the attack. Then, with empty revolvers, the 
 troopers retired from the field, having killed ten warriors 
 and wounded twelve others. Six men were killed and 
 wounded, and Lieutenant Hood was severely wounded in 
 his sabre arm. 
 
 This was one of the most important frontier combats of 
 the year ; and, although the troops suffered a repulse, 
 the Indians purchased their success with a fearful sacri- 
 fice of life, as nearly half their number were killed and 
 wounded. 
 
 After this combat Lieutenant Hood always armed half 
 of his command with sabres and the other half with pis- 
 tols, in addition to their carbines, thinking it best, from 
 his experience in this affair, to be fully prepared for any 
 similar emergency in the future. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. CI 
 
 Captain Whiting, with detachments of companies C and 
 K, met Lieutenant Hood the day after the combat, and 
 at once marched to the place of conflict and pursued the 
 retreating savages until the 10th of August, when he 
 overtook them in the Wichita Mountains, killed two war- 
 riors, and captured the mules and horses belonging to the- 
 party. The captured animals were afterwards sold by 
 auction, and the proceeds— about four hundred dollars— 
 equally divided among the men. 
 
 On Captain Whiting's arrival at Camp Verde, en route 
 to his station, he exchanged his pack-mules for a camel, 
 which proved to be an unmitigated nuisance, as it was 
 always late getting into camp. The cavalry in Texas did 
 not take kindly to camel transportation, and the experi- 
 ment was soon abandoned. 
 
 Captain Evans set out with his company from Camp 
 Cooper in September, and on the 24th, when on the head- 
 waters of the Brazos, encountered and defeated a band of 
 hostile Indians, killing two warriors and capturing their 
 horses and camp equipage. 
 
 A detachment of Company I, commanded by Sergeant 
 Charles M. Patrick, set out from Fort Mcintosh in Sep- 
 tember, and, after a search and pursuit of seven days, on 
 the 28th came upon a party of hostile Indians at Santa Ca- 
 tarina. He inflicted upon the enemy a loss of six warriors 
 killed and wounded, and captured twelve horses. The 
 marching was very severe because of the continued rains, 
 and it was with great difficulty that the rations and am- 
 munition were preserved. The sergeant was so eager to 
 overtake the enemy that he marched in two and a half 
 days about one hundred and sixty miles, over mountains 
 and through rugged ravines, preceding the attack, which 
 he gallantly led until his horse was mired and fell with 
 him to the ground. While he was in this position the 
 Indians fired three shots at him and succeeded in killing 
 the horse. The men continued the charge and forced the 
 enemy to retreat into the thickets, whence they were 
 
62 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 driven down a ravine, where they dispersed and hid them- 
 selves in the tall grass. 
 
 Lieutenant Van Camp, with a detachment of Company 
 D, set out from Camp Verde on the 29 th of October in 
 pursuit of marauding Comanches who had been depre- 
 dating upon the settlements in the vicinity. He overtook 
 the enemy the next day on the Verde River, and after 
 a hot chase of six miles, over a country so broken and 
 rocky that many of his horses were disabled — the sharp 
 rocks tearing the shoes from their hoofs — he succeeded 
 in wounding two warriors and capturing their property. 
 
 Detachments of comxDanies C and K, commanded by 
 Lieutenant Witherell, set out from Fort Clark in No- 
 vember in pursuit of marauding Comanches who had the 
 day before stolen eighteen mules from the Overland Mail 
 Company. After a pursuit of four days, on the 8th he 
 overtook and defeated the enemy, who were completely 
 routed, leaving one warrior dead on the field and aban- 
 doning the stolen mules and their own property and 
 camp equipage. The Indians marched ninety miles, after 
 stealing the mules, before they made a camp. Lieu- 
 tenant Witherell and three privates were wounded. 
 
 In November the Lipans and Comanches had the auda- 
 city to venture within the corporate limits of Laredo and 
 commit depredations. A detachment of Company I, un- 
 der the command of Lieutenant Owens, was dispatched 
 from Fort Mcintosh in pursuit of the marauders, and 
 on the 15th inst. he overtook them near Salamonaha and 
 captured their animals, camp equipage, and ammunition. 
 He pressed them so closely that they were compelled to 
 abandon everything and seek safety, on foot, in a dense 
 chaparral, where they were followed by the troopers, who 
 found it impossible, however, to dislodge them. On the 
 next day the marauders again made their appearance 
 about sixteen miles below Laredo and captured a boy. 
 Captain Brackett started in pursuit, but did not succeed 
 in overtaking them. The newspaper published at Corpus 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 63 
 
 Christi said that it was impossible for one company of 
 cavalry to protect the country for hundreds of miles 
 above and below Laredo, and also between Laredo and 
 the Nueces River, and invited the attention of the govern- 
 ment to the fact that the settlements on the Nueces and 
 the Rio Grande were unprotected and continually ex- 
 posed to attacks, and that while in former years some 
 seven hundred troops had been stationed near Laredo, the 
 force had been reduced to about eighty effective men. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 A new Departure with hostile Indians — Combat on the Llano River— Mexican 
 Outrages upon Citizens of Webb County — Concentration of the Eegiment 
 for a march to Kansas — The Lex Loci of Texas — The Wichita Mountain 
 Expedition and the Battle of Wichita Village. 
 
 The year 1858 was marked by two notable events — the 
 concentration of the regiment near Fort Belknap for the 
 purpose of marching to Fort Leavenworth, and thence per- 
 haps to Utah, to serve under the command of Colonel 
 Johnston ; and a departure from the system of defensive 
 warfare, in which the troops only pursued the marauding 
 Indians after they had committed depredations upon the 
 settlements, to an aggressive policy. 
 
 After the orders to march to Kansas had been counter- 
 manded General Twiggs urged, if the regiment were to 
 be again placed under his command for the defense of 
 the frontier, that a change of policy ought to be adopted. 
 For a period of ten years the army and the settlers had 
 acted strictly upon the defensive. This he proposed to 
 change by placing in the field two expeditions of four 
 companies each, which were to operate in the Indian coun- 
 try and follow the savages summer and winter. The hos- 
 tile Indians would then be given employment at home in 
 protecting their families and property, and to such an 
 extent that they would have no time at their disposal in 
 which to make raids upon the settlers, thus, perhaps, con- 
 vincing them that they were only safe from attack so long 
 as they quietly remained on the reservations which had 
 been set apart for their use. 
 
 First Sergeant Walter McDonald, with a detachment of 
 Company D, was dispatched from Camp Verde on the 25th 
 of January in pursuit of marauding Comanches who had 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 65 
 
 been committing depredations on the San Jeronimo River. 
 After a rapid pursuit for four days he succeeded in sur- 
 prising the party on the south branch of the Llano River, 
 and killed two warriors and recaptured the horses which 
 they had stolen from the settlers. Three privates were 
 Avounded. 
 
 During February and March the Mexican authorities at 
 Guerrero, in the state of Nuevo Leon, impressed several 
 citizens of Webb County and compelled them to serve 
 as soldiers with one of the revolutionary factions of that 
 country, knowing that they were citizens of the United 
 States. These facts becoming known, the people called a 
 mass convention at Laredo and adopted a series of reso- 
 lutions which expressed their indignation at the outrages 
 thus committed upon their rights and persons. They 
 declared that these acts were of such a nature as to justify 
 a demand for a full and prompt reparation to the offended 
 honor and dignity of the United States, and denounced 
 them as flagrant violations of the laws of nations, justify- 
 ing, if not atoned, a declaration of war. The resolutions 
 further declared that the Rio Grande was not a sufficient 
 national boundary, as criminals and hostile Indians could 
 cross the river at pleasure and set the civil and military 
 authorities at defiance; that a series of outrages had 
 desolated the border, and called upon the government 
 to adopt such measures as would best protect the com- 
 munity from a continuance of them. The closing reso- 
 lution, a tribute to an officer of the regiment, is quoted 
 in full : 
 
 "Resolved, That in the conduct of Captain Albert G. 
 Brackett, commanding Fort Mcintosh, who has demanded 
 the immediate liberation of American citizens seized as sol- 
 diers by the Mexican authorities at Guerrero, we find and 
 appreciate the gallant spirit of the soldier and (li* 1 patriot- 
 ism which should ever guard our liberties." 
 
 Captain Brackett had proceeded with his company to 
 5 
 
66 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Redmond's Ranch and peremptorily demanded the release 
 of the citizens, which was complied with about the 26th of 
 March. 
 
 The department commander was instructed in April to 
 issue the necessary orders for the march of the regiment, 
 without delay, to Fort Leavenworth, and on the 30th 
 orders were issued for the contemplated movement. The 
 regiment was relieved from duty in Texas and placed under 
 the command of Major Thomas. The companies began in 
 May and June to concentrate in the vicinity of Fort Bel- 
 knap, but as some were serving at remote stations it was 
 not until the 8th of July that all the companies (except H, 
 then at Fort Smith, Ark.) had arrived in the vicinity of 
 that post ; and, with the view of having good grass and 
 pure water, they were permitted to select suitable encamp- 
 ments on the Clear Fork of the Brazos and other streams. 
 One camp (Gr and H) was located about forty miles distant 
 from Fort Belknap. 
 
 During the continuance of the delay, which was caused 
 by the non-arrival of a supply-train, instructions were re- 
 ceived for the regiment to concentrate at the nearest post 
 on its route and await the further orders of the Secretary 
 of War. The changed condition of affairs in Utah, which 
 rendered unnecessary the presence of so large a force as 
 was at first contemplated, finally resulted in a revocation 
 of the orders, and on the 31st of July the encampments 
 were broken up and the companies were again assigned to 
 stations in Texas. 
 
 While Company I was on the inarch to Camp Hudson a 
 stranger requested permission to travel with the command 
 for protection, which was granted. During the night he 
 disappeared, as did a government mule. When the com- 
 mand arrived the next day at a station near the Rio Sabi- 
 nal, the mule was found in the corral ; and upon inquiry it 
 was ascertained that the stranger had sold the mule to the 
 proprietor for a pony and a small sum of money. A party 
 of citizens at once pursued and captured the thief, and 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 07 
 
 hanged him to the nearest tree in accordance with the lex 
 loci of Texas. 
 
 When General Twiggs learned that the regiment was to 
 remain in Texas lie requested permission to send an expe- 
 dition into the Indian country which should follow the 
 Comanches to their homes. He proposed to employ the 
 troops while en route in opening a wagon road to the 
 Wichita Mountains, or as near theieto as possible. He 
 was of the opinion, if the troops could remain in the field 
 dining the winter, that the frontier would be measurably 
 secure against attacks from predatory bands, and that 
 he could abandon the defensive system and successfully 
 begin a vigorously aggressive policy. 
 
 The commanding officer of Fort Arbuckle informed Gen- 
 eral Twiggs in August that large bands of Apaches, Co- 
 manches, and Cheyennes were on the Canadian River near 
 the Antelope Hills, and that the depredations which had 
 been recently committed by them upon the settlements of 
 the Choctaw Nation were made for the purpose of cap- 
 turing horses with which to make incursions upon the 
 frontiers of Texas. 
 
 The indications pointed to a general war with the Co- 
 manches and such other hostile tribes as they might in- 
 duce to join them, and that they would operate against 
 the entire frontier. Marauding parties were continually 
 raiding on the Rio Grande, which river afforded no barrier 
 to the incursions of the enemy, who could ford it any- 
 where. The condition of affairs at the Comanche reser- 
 vation on the Clear Fork of the Brazos was calculated to 
 create alarm, as hostile Indians visited there with impu- 
 nity ; and it had become necessary to arrest the leading 
 malcontents who were making trouble, as this reservation 
 was the only one where any of the Comanches had been 
 induced to cultivate the soil and send their children to 
 school, and an outbreak there was to be avoided by all 
 means. 
 
 In accordance with the suggestions of General Twiggs 
 
t38 the narrative. 
 
 an expedition, consisting of companies A, F, H, and K, 
 with a detachment of the First Infantry and sixty 
 Caddo and Delaware warriors under the command of 
 Captain Van Dora, was instructed to march from Fort 
 Belknap to Otter Creek, in the Choctaw Nation, and 
 there establish a supply station, which was to be gar- 
 risoned by the detachment of infantry. The cavalry 
 and friendly Indians were then to examine the country 
 between Red River and the north branch of the Cana- 
 dian, and between 100° and 104° west longitude. The 
 command was smaller than the department commander 
 had intended it should be, but it was all that he could 
 safely spare. 
 
 The expedition marched from Fort Belknap on the 
 15th of September, and, pursuing a general north-west 
 course, arrived at Otter Creek on the 23d. The station 
 was established on the south side of the stream about 
 two hundred yards east of Marcy's line of 100° west 
 longitude. A stockade was erected for the protection of 
 the animals and supplies during the absence of the cav- 
 alry, which were to take the field so soon as the defense 
 was completed. 
 
 On the 29th of September information was received 
 through the Indian scouts that a large encampment of hos- 
 tile Comanches was located near the Wichita village, on 
 Horse Creek, in the Choctaw Nation, nearly east and about 
 forty miles distant from the station. The supplies and 
 extra animals were at once moved inside the stockade, and 
 the cavalry set out that afternoon, expecting to attack 
 the Indians at daybreak the next morning ; but the 
 scouts, having no reasonable idea of the distance as mea- 
 sured by miles, had greatly underestimated it, and instead 
 of forty it proved to be over ninety miles. The march was 
 therefore continued until late on the afternoon of the 30th, 
 \yhen a halt was made to cook coffee and rest the horses, 
 and just at dark the command moved out for another nig] it 
 march. The country was very rough and broken by deep 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 69 
 
 ravines, and it was a slow, tedious ride until daybreak, 
 when the column pushed on rapidly over a rolling prairie, 
 the ridges of which were from half to three-quarters of a 
 mile apart. Just then the scouts sent back a message t hat 
 they were near the hostile camp. The command was then 
 divided into four columns, and the companies marched in 
 column of twos, with intervals of one hundred yards be- 
 tween them. The enemy were supposed to be just beyond 
 the next rising ground, and the companies were instructed, 
 at a given signal, to trot up the slope ; and upon gaining 
 the crest, if the enemy were not discovered, they were 
 to resume the walk without command and continue the 
 march, regulating on the right company, until the enemy 
 were discovered or until otherwise ordered. 
 
 The crest of the fourth slope in advance was raised, when 
 the encampment was seen through an opening in the trees. 
 It was favorably located for defensive purposes, on a clus- 
 ter of rough and broken ravines, and only a short dis- 
 tance from the Wichita village. All was quiet. Probably 
 half the inmates of the lodges were asleep. The bugles 
 sounded the charge, and they were answered with cheers 
 which rang out on the crisp air of that bracing October 
 morning, and away dashed two hundred and twenty-five 
 troopers against twice their numbers, through the thick 
 reeds and undergrowth, at a terrific pace into the village. 
 Many of the Indians hid themselves in the lodges, others 
 dashed into the battle just as they were aroused from their 
 slumbers, while a few found time to decorate themselves 
 with complete war-costumes. The enemy soon rallied from 
 the first effects of the surprise, and a fierce combat ensued. 
 The war-whoops of the warriors, the answering cheers of 
 the soldiers, the crack of the rifles, the whiz of the arrows, 
 the flashing of the sabres, the charges and counter-charges, 
 with here and there hand-to-hand conflicts, made up an 
 ins] >iring scene. 
 
 After a fierce struggle of two hours the enemy were com- 
 pletely routed and fled in every direction, and were pur- 
 
70 THE NARKATIVE. 
 
 sued for some miles beyond the battle-field, and many 
 warriors were killed and wounded outside the village. 
 Lieutenant Harrison discovered a party of eighteen war- 
 riors driving a band of horses over a distant hill, and after 
 a pursuit of two hours overtook the party, killed and 
 wounded several warriors, and captured eighty horses. 
 As he approached the village on his return, he found the 
 command in line of battle, and prepared to give him a 
 hostile reception, because of an impression that the enemy 
 had rallied and were returning to renew the combat. 
 
 The Wichitas were friendly, or disposed to be so, but 
 the Comanches had taken possession of their animals and 
 practically held the tribe as prisoners in their own village. 
 After the battle a Wichita woman rode up and astonished 
 everybody within hearing by asking, in excellent English, 
 to see the commanding officer. She claimed that the sol- 
 diers had captured many ponies belonging to her people, 
 and asked that they might be returned. The request was 
 granted, and it is believed that the Wichitas did not lose 
 any animals upon that occasion. 
 
 This was one of the most important battles ever fought 
 with the Comanches and the most complete victory ever 
 achieved over them. The tribe never recovered from the 
 blow, and, although they continued to give more or less 
 trouble, their previous reputation no longer enabled them 
 to influence other tribes as they had done in the past. The 
 known loss of the enemy was between seventy and eighty 
 warriors killed on the field. Many others were killed in 
 the pursuit. The wounded being carried off their numbers 
 were never accurately ascertained, but they were reason- 
 ably estimated at one hundred. The camp, consisting of 
 one hundred and twenty lodges, was destroyed, three 
 hundred animals were captured, together with arms, am- 
 munition, and a large quantity of supplies. The surviv- 
 ing Indians sought refuge in the mountains in a destitute 
 condition. 
 
 Lieutenant Van Camp, while gallantly leading the charge, 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 'Jl 
 
 was pierced to the heart with an arrow and instantly 
 killed. Three enlisted men were killed and one was mor- 
 tally wounded. Captain Van Dorn (twice) and nine en- 
 listed men were severely wounded, and twenty horses were 
 kiUed and wounded. It was supposed that Captain Van 
 Dorn's wound through the body was mortal, but the sur- 
 geon, by cutting off the arrow-head, pulled out the shaft 
 and saved his life. He so far recovered as to be able to 
 send in a report of the battle on the 5th of October, and 
 within live weeks he was again in the saddle. 
 
 The command was commended in general orders from 
 the headquarters of the Department of Texas "as de- 
 serving the highest meed of commendation that could be 
 bestowed, as it had achieved a victory more decisive and 
 complete than any ever recorded in the history of Indian 
 warfare." General Scott extended his " cordial congratu- 
 lations on the brilliant and substantial success of the 
 expedition," and general orders from the headquarters of 
 the army announced the battle as "a most decisive and 
 important victory." 
 
 The expedition returned to Otter Creek on the 10th of 
 October, where it rested until the 28th, when it set out, 
 under the command of Captain Whiting, for the Antelope 
 Hills, and examined the country contiguous to the North 
 and South Canadian rivers until about the middle of No- 
 vember, when it returned without having encountered the 
 enemy. Captain Oakes was dispatched with two compa- 
 nies to reinforce the expedition, as it was thought that 
 the savages would retreat into New Mexico, and it was de- 
 termined to pursue them there and, if necessary, follow 
 them across the Rio Grande. 
 
 In addition to the events narrated in this chapter all the 
 companies were actively employed in the field, during the 
 greater part of the year, protecting the frontiers and pre- 
 venting incursions against the settlements. The regiment 
 was as popular a body of troops as had ever been sta- 
 tioned in that part of the country. The people had the 
 
72 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 utmost confidence in the courage and determination of the 
 officers and men, and the hostile Indians feared them as 
 they had never before feared the soldiers of the regular 
 army. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 The Campaigns against the Comanehes— The great Comanche Trail— Affair near 
 the Presidio de San Vicente, and Cavalry Movements in Chihuahua— The 
 brilliant Engagement near the Nescutunga— Bnmble-Bee wins another Race 
 —The Citizens' Demonstration against the Brazos Agency and the subse- 
 quent Removal of the Indians to Fort Cobb— Operations on the Pecos River 
 and in the Guadalupe Mountains— The Cimarron Expedition— General 
 Twiggs's complimentary Order— Combat on the Guadalupe River— The Cor- 
 tinas Raid on the Rio Grande, and the Engagements near Brownsville and 
 Ringgold Barracks. 
 
 The expeditions sent out from Camp Radziminski (Otter 
 Creek) in November and December, 1858, under Captains 
 Van Dorn, Whiting, and Jolinson, failed to find a trace of 
 the enemy. Captain Van Dorn, with three companies, 
 marched south-west to the Brazos River, and then examined 
 the country on the Big Wichita for a distance of about 
 eighty miles to the west and south-west of the supply sta- 
 tion, and would have proceeded farther if he had not learned 
 that a command from Fort Belknap was in that vicinity. 
 
 All the country bordering upon the Wichita Mountains 
 was then thoroughly examined. The Comanehes, who 
 had been broken up, impoverished, and driven from their 
 hunting-grounds and favorite haunts as a result of fcheir 
 severe chastisement, had, since the day of the battle at 
 Wichita village, effectually concealed their whereabouts. 
 Captain Van Dorn said that they had "disappeared as a 
 mist," and expressed his belief that they had moved to the 
 Arkansas River, leaving small parties behind to watch his 
 movements. The large herds of buffaloes ranging over the 
 prairies for fifty miles about Camp Radziminski indicated 
 that the favorite retreats of these nomadic people were 
 within the shadows of the Wichita Mountains. 
 
74 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 The unusually severe inarches of the expeditions had 
 broken down the animals, and it was not possible to recu- 
 perate them for field-service sooner than spring. Some of 
 the companies had marched fifteen hundred miles — none of 
 them less than twelve hundred. Captain Van Dorn had 
 tasked his abilities and powers of endurance, together with 
 those of his officers and men, to the utmost to make the 
 campaign successful, and his inability to find the enemy 
 after the battle of Wichita village was not due to a lack 
 of effort on his part. The proposed winter operations were 
 abandoned and the troops were to be held in readiness for 
 field-service early in the following season. 
 
 Captain Van Dorn recommended, if it were the intention 
 to resume operations against the Comanches in the spring, 
 that orders should be issued by the general-in-chief "plac- 
 ing them at enmity with all the troops of the army"; that 
 they should be pursued and chastised wherever found, 
 from the Rocky Mountains to the Rio Grande, and taught 
 that there could be no refuge of safety for them so long as 
 they continued to rob and murder. He closed his recom- 
 mendations with the truthful and forcible remark that, 
 while a squadron of cavalry might be in pursuit of a party 
 of marauding Indians, the members of the band might be 
 smoking their pipes on the parade-ground of a military 
 station in a neighboring department as the invited guests 
 of the commanding officer. 
 
 The reservation at Camp Cooper was too small, and ef- 
 forts were made to have it enlarged so as to give the In- 
 dians a better range. They were restless and dissatisfied 
 with their restricted limits, and it was feared, if something 
 better were not offered them as the boon of peace and friend- 
 ship, that the difficulties with them would be resolved into 
 a war of extermination, which was not in accordance with 
 the dictates of humanity nor the desire of the army. Mea n- 
 while the citizens, who had become exasperated by their 
 severe losses of stock, and who had charged the thefts, as 
 the officers believed unjustly, upon the reservation Indians, 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 75 
 
 threatened to organize an armed force and attack them. 
 It was evident that prompt and decisive action was the 
 necessity of the honr, and a proposition to remove the 
 Indians beyond the borders of the State was taken into 
 consideration. 
 
 The government refused to pursue the hostile Indians 
 across the Rio Grande, and announced that it was deemed 
 inexpedient to allow the troops in pursuit of Indians to 
 pass beyond the borders of the United States.* 
 
 General Twiggs then recommended that all Comanche 
 Indians found off the reservations without permission 
 should be considered as hostile and treated accordingly, 
 and referred to an order to this effect which had been 
 issued by Colonel Johnston in 1856. This received more 
 favorable action, although the permission granted was so 
 carefully guarded as to destroy in a great measure its 
 value. It was as follows : 
 
 " The commander of the Department of Texas may en- 
 force hostilities against all Indians found off their reserves 
 within the limits of his department. This rule should be 
 applied with some discrimination, however, to tribes or 
 bands, generally peaceful, individuals of which may be 
 found beyond those limits with no evident hostile inten- 
 tions." f 
 
 The subject of combined operations against the Coman- 
 ches, as suggested by Captain Yan Dorn, was deferred for 
 such future action as the interests and exigencies of the 
 service might render expedient. So the savages could, if 
 they chose, be at war with the troops in the Department of 
 Texas and smoke pipes of peace with those who were sta- 
 tioned in the Department of the West, or vice versa, as best 
 suited their plans. 
 
 The department commander ordered in January, 1859, a 
 
 * The Adjutant General of the Army to General Twiggs, January 19, 1859. 
 + The Secretary of War to General Twiggs, April 13, 1859. 
 
76 THE NAEEATIYE. 
 
 new disposition of the troops, and in doing so he abandoned 
 the Rio Grande by withdrawing the garrisons from Laredo, 
 Brownsville, and Ringgold Barracks. Why he did this 
 does not clearly appear ; but it is surmised, having been 
 informed that he could not pursue the savages across the 
 border, that he no longer considered it necessary to sta- 
 tion troops there, and believed that he could use them to 
 a better advantage in the Indian country. But in doing 
 this he ignored the well-known fact that a lawless popula- 
 tion infested the banks of the Rio Grande, and that in the 
 absence of troops outrages would be perpetrated. 
 
 He decided to hold Captain Van Dorn's command at 
 Camp Radziniinski until there should be sufficient new 
 grass to sustain the animals during another campaign into 
 the Comanche country. At the same time another expe- 
 dition was to take the field in the vicinity of the Pecos 
 River. 
 
 About this time he informed the general-in-chief that the 
 Comanches who were defeated in October, 1858, had been 
 discovered, about seven hundred strong, at a lake eighty 
 miles south-east from the city of Chihuahua, in Mexico, 
 and that they would return to Texas in the spring. A 
 few days later he reported that they had crossed the Rio 
 Grande ; that he had no force with which to protect the 
 frontiers, and if he could not follow them into Mexico he 
 feared that he would not be able to resist their incursions, 
 but would do the best he could with the force at his dis- 
 posal.* 
 
 He seemed to pursue a policy best calculated to induce 
 the War Department to permit him to carry into execution 
 his favorite plan — to follow the savages wherever he might 
 find them, without regard to department limits or national 
 boundaries. Of course the latter privilege could not be 
 granted without first obtaining the consent and co-opera- 
 tion of the Mexican government ; but it is not understood 
 
 * General Twiggs to General Scott, February 5 and 16, 1859. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 77 
 
 why he was permitted in the fall of 1858 to direct opera- 
 tions beyond the limits of his department, as he did, and 
 the same privilege be refused in the spring of 1859. 
 
 Captain Brackett set out in April with his company 
 from Camp Hudson on an extended tour of field-service. 
 He moved to Fort Lancaster, and marched thence on the 
 El Paso road to the Comanche Springs. He then started on 
 the great Comanche trail towards the Rio Grande. This 
 was a well-beaten path, leading over a wild and desolate 
 country, which had been used for many years by the In- 
 dians when on their journeys from Mexico to the prairies 
 above the head- waters of the Arkansas River. It was as 
 wide as a wagon-road, and was literally strewed with the 
 bones of mules and horses. 
 
 He traveled on the trail, the men and animals suffering 
 greatly for want of water, until the 30th, when he halted 
 on the American side of the Rio Grande and opposite the 
 Presidio de San Vicente, where he concealed his command 
 among the cottonwood trees and patiently waited for de- 
 velopments. On the 2d of May his guide discovered a 
 party of Comanches ten miles below the camp, and evi- 
 dently on their -way south to do mischief. He moved 
 down with his command and attacked them, killed two, 
 wounded others, and captured their supply of dried horse- 
 meat. 
 
 As his rations were exhausted, Captain Brackett found 
 himself obliged to go into Mexico for supplies or subsist 
 his command on dried horse-meat during the homeward 
 march. The Presidio de San Vicente was an old Mexi- 
 can fort which had been deserted for many years. The 
 walls were standing, and the church was in a fair condi- 
 tion. It had been abandoned more than fifty years, as the 
 Mexican soldiers had been unable successfully to contend 
 against the Apaches and Comanches. Of course no sup- 
 plies could be procured there, and he crossed the river on 
 the 3d of May, and arrived at San Carlos, in the state of 
 Chihuahua, after a fatiguing march of three days. 
 
78 THE jSTARKATIYE. 
 
 On the second day after his arrival at San Carlos a party 
 of Mexicans came in from the Monclova Road, in the Sierra 
 del Carmel, and reported that the Indians had attacked 
 them and stolen their cattle. This was the same range in 
 which Captain Brackett's light of the 2d of May had taken 
 place, but abont fifty miles distant from his battle-field. 
 The authorities asked him to go to the scene of the out- 
 rage and punish the Indians, who were reported to be in 
 the vicinity. They were informed that it was not proper 
 to employ the troops for such purposes in the territory of 
 another nation, and that if they were so employed the act 
 would involve the officer who was in command in serious 
 trouble. They were assured, these considerations apart, 
 that it would afford the troops great pleasure to unite with 
 them in fighting the Apaches and Comanches. The Mexi- 
 cans then raised a force, and, accompanied by some friendly 
 Seminoles from Santa Rosa, attacked and defeated the In- 
 dians and recovered their property. 
 
 After resting for some days at San Carlos the command 
 marched to the Presidio del Norte, passing on their way the 
 rich silver-mines of Sierra Rica, The officers were politely 
 entertained by the alcalde. The citizens were in a fever 
 of excitement, as Tomas Zuloaga, a brother of the Presi- 
 dent of Mexico, was near the town, and one of his officers 
 had been captured the night before. The citizens at first 
 thought that the troops belonged to Zuloaga s forces and 
 had come with the design of capturing the town, which 
 Captain Brackett believed he could have done without 
 difficulty, although it contained a population of three 
 thousand and he had only sixty-six men. It Avas some 
 time before the alcalde could be made to understand how 
 it was that the United States cavalry entered the town 
 from the interior of the state. Chihuahua was at that time 
 in a blaze of revolution, and a grand battle was daily ex- 
 pected near Corralitos, a town one hundred and fifty miles 
 beyond the city of Chihuahua. 
 
 The command then recrossed the Rio Grande and moved 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 79 
 
 to Fort Davis, and thence to Camp Van Camp, where it ar- 
 rived on the 21st of May, after having marched about six 
 hundred miles, during which the men had suffered greatly 
 for want of rations and the animals for want of water 
 and grass. 
 
 The San Antonio Texan published on the 26th of May, 
 1S59, the following article : 
 
 "Information reached our city yesterday that the In- 
 dians had been making themselves rather familiar on the 
 Pecos in the vicinity of the Horsehead crossing, and that 
 a company under the command of Captain Brackett start- 
 ed in pursuit and overtook them in the vicinity of the Rio 
 Grande — which side we did not inquire — and had a combat 
 with them. If Captain Brackett did cross the river, of 
 which fact we are not informed, he was perfectly justifiable 
 in doing so. There is no law of nations that will permit 
 outlaws to commit outrages upon the citizens of one nation 
 and then flee to another, and thus be screened from their 
 guilt and the punishment that should await them. Again, 
 if the conflict began on this side of the river and ended on 
 the other, it was but one conflict and must be located on 
 this side. The facts in the case are simply these : Captain 
 Brackett has done what several other officers could have 
 done long ago, and which, had they done it, would long 
 since have cut short these marauders who cross the river, 
 take their plunder, and flee into Mexico." 
 
 The combat did take place on the Mexican side of the 
 river. 
 
 Captain Van Dorn was now ready to begin offensive 
 operations, and as the grass was sufficiently matured to 
 sustain the animals, he marched, on the 30th of April, from 
 Camp Radziminski with companies A, B, C, F, Gr, H, and 
 fifty-eight Indian allies from the Brazos Agency. His in- 
 tention was to establish a supply station on the Canadian 
 River, whence he would operate wherever it was most 
 
80 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 likely that lie would meet with success. After a march of 
 over two hundred miles in a northerly course a village of 
 hostile Comanches was discovered, May 13, at Small Creek, 
 about fifteen miles south of old Fort Atkinson and near the 
 Nescutunga, a tributary of the Arkansas River. 
 
 The Indians occupied a strong defensive position, but 
 after a sharp, bloody, and desperate engagement, in which 
 no quarter was asked, they were utterly defeated with a 
 loss of fifty warriors killed, five wounded, and thirty- 
 six captured. One hundred animals were captured, and 
 their supplies and camp equipage were destroyed or ap- 
 propriated to the use of the troops. The combat was in 
 a thick jungle or brush-covered ravine, which was carried 
 by an assault made with dismounted skirmishers, while 
 mounted men commanded the outlets and occujDied the 
 crest of the hills above and below the ravine. 
 
 One enlisted man was killed and one was mortally 
 wounded. Captain Smith was severely, and Lieutenant 
 Lee was dangerously, wounded. Eleven enlisted men were 
 wounded. 
 
 This was another brilliant victory over the Comanches, 
 and made Captain Van Dorn one of the most conspicuous 
 officers in the cavalry service. The party was a part of 
 the same band which had been chastised at the Wichita 
 village. Captain Van Dorn's opinion, as expressed early 
 in the winter, concerning the whereabouts of the Indians 
 proved to be substantially correct. The battle was fought 
 beyond the limits of the Department of Texas, and the 
 officers and men by their good conduct and gallantry added 
 another substantial success to the well- earned laurels of the 
 regiment. The command was so crippled by the wounded 
 and the prisoners that Captain Van Dorn was compelled to 
 return to Otter Creek, where he arrived on the 30th of May, 
 having completed a march of four hundred miles. 
 
 The command was highly complimented in reports and 
 general orders for conspicuous gallantry and a decisive 
 victory. 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 81 
 
 Soon after the return of the troops from this expedi- 
 tion Lieutenants Royall and Lee made a race at Camp 
 Radziminski, each man to ride his own horse. Lieutenant 
 Lee named Bumble-Bee, and Lieutenant Royall named 
 a horse which he had purchased at Fort Smith, Ark. 
 Like Bumble-Bee, he had won every race which he had 
 contested, but he had been in the field with the expe- 
 dition while his rival had remained at home. The race 
 was run in the presence of the entire garrison and resulted 
 in another victory for the son of G-lencoe. When Lieu- 
 tenant Lee was ordered to duty at the Military Academy 
 he sold Bumble-Bee to a discharged soldier, who took him 
 to San Antonio, and at the beginning of the rebellion he 
 passed into unknown hands. Captain Van Dorn was the 
 owner of a splendid running-horse which had won more 
 money than any other horse in the regiment. He was 
 once defeated by Lieutenant Royall' s horse. Minnehaha, 
 owned by Lieutenant Radziminski, was a beautiful mare, 
 thoroughly trained in the Baucher system and a saddle 
 animal of great endurance. She finally became the proper- 
 ty of Lieutenant-Colonel Lee, but was left behind when 
 the regiment marched to the coast en route to the North. 
 The old Comanches gossip to this day of the fine horses 
 owned by the regiment. 
 
 Major Thomas reported in May that two hundred and 
 fifty armed men, under the leadership of an ex-Indian 
 agent, had marched towards the Brazos Agency for the 
 purpose of attacking the village, but, before arriving 
 there, they killed an Indian and then retreated to Martin's 
 Ranch. The reservation Indians followed them and a 
 combat ensued, in which six white men and three war- 
 riors were killed and wounded. The affair created an in- 
 tense excitement. The army officers, who opposed the mob 
 from a sense of duty, did not believe that the Indians were 
 guilty of stealing stock from the citizens, as alleged. 
 The civil authorities having failed to suppress the lawless 
 assemblage, a squadron of the regiment was at once ordered 
 
82 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 from Camp Radziminski to reinforce the troops already at 
 the agency and protect the reservation. The mob then 
 dispersed and order was again restored. Soon after- 
 wards the proposition which had been made to remove 
 these Indians beyond the limits of the State was favorably 
 considered by the government, and they were removed in 
 August to Fort Cobb, in the Indian Territory, under the 
 escort of a squadron (G and H) commanded by Major 
 Thomas. Camp Radziminski was then abandoned and the 
 companies that had been stationed there were distributed 
 to other posts. 
 
 Company I was ordered in June to join Company E, then 
 employed on an expedition to the Pecos River and in the 
 Guadalupe Mountains. The expedition, under the com- 
 mand of Captain Stoneman, marched north and west to 
 Fort Stanton, in New Mexico, when it returned to Camp 
 Van Camp, after an absence of about two months. The 
 squadron remained there until late in August, when Com- 
 pany I was sent to Camp Ives and Company E was assigned 
 to Camp Hudson, but it was employed on Devil's River 
 and the Rio Grande until the end of the year. 
 
 The regimental headquarters and companies C, D, F, G, 
 and H, under the command of Major Thomas, set out from 
 Camp Cooper on the 1st of October on the " Cimarron ex- 
 pedition" to the head-waters of the Red and Canadian 
 rivers. The command marched to a point thirty-eight 
 miles west of 100° west longitude, thence north and west 
 until near the Cimarron River, having followed an In- 
 dian trail until it was obliterated by buffaloes, and then 
 returned to the supply camp on the Canadian River on the 
 31st. After a rest of five days the command marched 
 south-west to the head-waters of the Wichita, thence to 
 the eastern border of New Mexico, and thence south to 
 Sweetwater Creek, when Lieutenant Royall, with a squad- 
 ron (C and G), was detached to examine the stream to 
 its mouth, then march south and examine the country 
 along his route, until he crossed the south branch of Red 
 
TIIE NARRATIVE. 83 
 
 River, and then march by the direct route to Camp 
 Cooper, where he arrived on the 19th of November. The 
 column continued the march across the tributaries of Red 
 River to the crossing of the south branch, and thence to 
 Camp Cooper, where it arrived on the 22d of November. 
 All the beautiful country lying between the Brazos and 
 Cimarron rivers, and from 99° to 101° 30' west longitude, 
 was examined without meeting with an Indian, but much 
 valuable information, not previously known, was obtained. 
 
 Shortly after this service Company Gr made two expedi- 
 tions to the head-waters of the Rio Frio and the Sabinal. 
 
 General Twiggs, intending to avail himself of a leave of 
 absence, issued the following order : * 
 
 "In anticipation of relinquishing the command of the 
 Department of Texas, the general commanding is much 
 gratified to be able to testify to the zeal and cheerfulness 
 manifested by all branches of the service in the perform- 
 ance of their respective and arduous duties, and their 
 hearty co-operation with his orders and wishes during a 
 continuous service of two and a half years. . . . 
 
 "The sphere of action of foot compared witli that of 
 mounted troorjs in an open prairie country such as char- 
 acterizes the State of Texas is, of necessity, limited. Yet 
 the artillery and infantry have performed all that has been 
 required or that could have been expected of them, and the 
 value of their services will suffer nothing by a comparison 
 with the other branches of the service. 
 
 " The Second Regiment of Cavalry since its organi- 
 zation has been in the saddle and the field, and, by its re- 
 peated successes and encounters with hostile Indians, has 
 proven its value and efficiency, and, as a corps, has justly 
 won for itself a lasting and enviable reputation. 
 
 "It affords the general commanding the department 
 much pleasure in this connection to recur again to the late 
 valuable and important services of Brevet-Major Earl Van 
 
 * G. 0. No. 13, Headquarters Department of Texas, October 28, 1859. 
 
84 THE KAEEATIVE. 
 
 Dorn, Second Cavalry. This officer, by his marked judg- 
 ment, energy, and military ability, has gained two deci- 
 sive victories over large bodies of Comanches in the re- 
 cent campaigns in the Wichita country, showing conclu- 
 sively that these qualities, if properly exercised, will in- 
 sure success and set chance at defiance." 
 
 Corporal Patrick Collins, with a detachment of Com- 
 pany I, set out from Camp Ives in pursuit of a party of 
 marauding Comanches, and overtook them on the north 
 branch of the Guadalupe River on the 14th of December, 
 and in the combat that ensued killed four, wounded 
 others, and captured their animals and camp equipage. 
 
 A Mexican named Cortinas, who claimed that he had 
 been wronged by the citizens of Brownsville, crossed from 
 the Mexican side of the Rio Grande in the autumn of 1859 
 with a body of armed men recruited from both sides of the 
 river and estimated from six hundred to fifteen hundred 
 strong. This unlawful force committed many depreda- 
 tions and killed several Americans. It was reported that 
 Cortinas had captured Brownsville, and that he had 
 assumed a formidable and threatening attitude at various 
 places between the Nueces and the Rio Grande. The 
 whole frontier and, in fact, the entire State were very much 
 excited. General Twiggs assembled a force at Brownsville 
 under the command of Major Heintzelman, of the First 
 Infantry. There was but one cavalry company (E) which 
 could be readily detached, and it was immediately dis- 
 patched to the scene of the disturbances ; and at the same 
 time detachments of companies A, I, and K were ordered 
 to old Fort Merrill, on the Nueces, at whicli place they 
 were to be joined by other troops. Companies C and F 
 were ordered to Brownsville, Company G to Fort Inge, 
 Company D to Camp Verde, Company H to Eagle Pass, 
 and Company K to Camp Wood. 
 
 On the 14th of December Major Heintzelman attacked 
 a part of Cortinas' s forces at the Ebonal, near Browns- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 85 
 
 ville, and after a sharp conflict the outlaws abandoned the 
 blockade which they had established on the main road, 
 and retreated up the Rio Grande until they effected a 
 junction with the main body. The United States forces 
 consisted of Captain Stoneman's company, three com- 
 panies of the First Artillery serving as infantry, with two 
 twenty-four-pounder howitzers, and three companies of 
 Texas Rangers, numbering about three hundred and eighty 
 officers and enlisted men. 
 
 The outlaws were pursued up the Rio Grande and again 
 attacked on the 27th at Rio Grande City, near Ringgold 
 Barracks, by the same force. A severe engagement fol- 
 lowed, and the troops gained a brilliant and decisive vic- 
 tory. The enemy, five hundred and fifty strong, were 
 driven for ten miles, when they abandoned their arms, 
 ammunition, and supplies, and sought safety in a hasty 
 retreat across the Rio Grande into Mexico. They suffered 
 a known loss in the engagements of sixty-six killed and 
 many wounded. The troops had seventeen men killed 
 and wounded. Company E, which dismounted and drove 
 the enemy across the Rio Grande with a severe loss, 
 received a conspicuous menlion in the report of Major 
 Heintzelman for gallant and distinguished services in these 
 engagements. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Further Operations of Cortinas on the Rio Grande — Combats on the Pecan 
 Bayou, Kickapoo Creek, and the Aqua Frio — John McLoughlin — Expedi- 
 tion to the Head-waters of the Concho and Colorado Rivers — Combats on 
 the Brazos River, Sabano Creek, and Pease River. 
 
 Cortinas continued to harass the border until the spring 
 of 1S60, and the bitter feelings aroused by his lawless ag- 
 gressions were such as to soon bring about, if not checked 
 or allayed, a state of war between the United States and 
 Mexico. The belief was general, notwithstanding the pro- 
 testations of the Mexican authorities that they did not 
 countenance the marauding outlaws, that they really did 
 so by an intentional non-action, and that they were 
 afraid to disperse them. 
 
 Lieutenant Kimmel proceeded in March, 1860, with Com- 
 pany G to Brownsville, and established a camp above 
 Captain Stoneman on the Rio Grande. A few companies 
 of infantry and artillery were also in the immediate vicinity, 
 and the entire force was under the command of Major 
 Heintzelman. The squadron of cavalry was assigned to 
 the duty of guarding about one hundred miles of the Rio 
 Grande ; but it was impossible to do so with any satisfac- 
 tory results, as the river was everywhere f ordable, and the 
 marauders had only to watch the movements of the troops 
 to know when to make an incursion, commit their depre- 
 dations, and then retreat to the Mexican side. 
 
 Captain Stoneman finally made a proposition to Lieu- 
 tenant Kimmel to cross the Rio Grande and capture the 
 town of La Mesa, which was three miles distant from his 
 camp, and where it was reported that Cortinas had estab- 
 lished his headquarters. These officers held an earnest 
 consultation over the proposed movement, and, believing 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 87 
 
 that they could capture the outlaw, they decided to as- 
 sume the responsibility of the undertaking. 
 
 On the night of the 15th of March, having been reinforced 
 by seventy-five State troops, they crossed the river and 
 tit daybreak carried the town by an assault, killed and 
 wounded several Mexicans, and captured three hundred 
 armed men. They were greatly elated with the supposed 
 capture of Cortinas and his entire force, but, to their con- 
 si. srnation, soon learned that they had captured a garrison 
 of Mexican soldiers. The situation was not only critical 
 but it was also ludicrous. They had not anticipated such 
 a success. There was but one course to pursue, and it was 
 promptly adopted. The prisoners were released and many 
 apologies were offered for the unintentional mistake. 
 They were soon confronted by four hundred Mexican 
 infantry and ordered to return to the United States ; but 
 Captain Stoneman said that, no matter what might then 
 happen, he could not be in any worse position so far as 
 the question of a violation of international law was con- 
 cerned, and he refused to comply with the demand until 
 he had made further search for Cortinas. The Mexican 
 colonel then threatened to attack the troops, but finally 
 withdrew his forces, saying that lie would report the 
 invasion to his department commander. A few days 
 thereafter Captain Stoneman received orders to return at 
 once to his camp on the Rio Grande, but he had succeeded 
 in searching the country for twenty miles in the interior 
 and did not return until the 20th inst. 
 
 The regimental return for March, 1860, quietly records 
 this affair as follows : 
 
 " Company G arrived at Fort Brown on the 7th inst., 
 and proceeded to establish a camp above Captain Stone- 
 man on the Rio Grande, and on the 15th inst. joined him 
 and proceeded into Mexico on a scout for the purpose of 
 arresting Cortinas. The companies returned on the 20th 
 inst. after a long and tedious march." 
 
88 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Meanwhile Lieutenant-Colonel Lee, who had been as- 
 signed to the command of the Department of Texas in 
 February, 1860, started from San Antonio early in March, 
 determined to put an end to the troubles. Captain Brack- 
 ets with his company, joined him at Camp Verde, and 
 Lieutenant Eagle, with Company H, joined him at Eagle 
 Pass. He then proceeded to Ringgold Barracks, where he 
 was informed of the affair at La Mesa. He then pushed 
 on to Edinburg, opposite Reynosa, where he arrived on 
 the 7th of April and found the community in a state of 
 great excitement, as on that day the Mexican soldiers 
 and State troops had exchanged shots across the Rio 
 Grande, the former having begun the firing. 
 
 Captain Brackett was dispatched with a white flag to 
 the authorities of Reynosa, to ascertain the cause of the 
 firing and demand the surrender of Cortinas, who was re- 
 ported to be in the town. He found the streets barricaded, 
 cannons planted in front of the court-house, and four com- 
 panies under arms on the plaza. The town presented a 
 warlike appearance, while on the American side two squad- 
 rons of the regiment (E, G, H, I) and two companies of 
 State troops were awaiting the result of his mission. The 
 authorities said that the firing was unintentionally begun, 
 that it was stopped as soon as possible, and that Cor- 
 tinas had fled to the interior. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Lee then proceeded to Brownsville, 
 and thence to Matamoras, where he had a consultation with 
 the Mexican General Garcia, who promised to destroy or 
 disperse the outlaws. He then sent out a force which met 
 them near Santa Cruz, in the state of Tamaulipas, and 
 after a fierce engagement defeated and dispersed them 
 with a severe loss. Cortinas then disappeared from public 
 notice for many years. 
 
 Captain Stoneman with a squadron of cavalry was sta- 
 tioned near Edinburg, and Captain Brackett with another 
 squadron Avas stationed at Camp Rosario ; but as no 
 additional outrages were committed, and as the border 
 
THE NARRATIYE. 89 
 
 became again quiet, they were transferred, in the autumn, 
 to interior posts. 
 
 During the progress of these events the other companies 
 were actively employed, and January and February were 
 marked by four successful encounters with the hostile 
 Comanches, which, although minor affairs, were highly 
 creditable to the troops who were engaged in them. They 
 occurred in the following order : 
 
 Information was received at Camp Colorado, at midnight 
 of the 14th of January, that a party of Comanches had 
 stolen twenty-four animals from the settlers who were liv- 
 ing near the post. Within an hour Lieutenant Lee and a 
 detachment of Company B were in hot pursuit. After a 
 rapid march for seventeen hours a halt was made until day- 
 break, when the trail, which had been lost, was found in a 
 thicket, through which the Indians had carefully led their 
 animals and then arranged the undergrowth so that it did 
 not appear to have been disturbed. If it had not been for 
 a light fall of snow which betrayed the trail to the edge of 
 the thicket, it is doubtful if the men would have discovered 
 the skilful manoeuvre of the enemy. After another rapid 
 ride for several hours, and on the morning of the second 
 day, two Comanches were discovered driving a herd of 
 animals up the Pecan Bayou. One Indian was killed and 
 the animals were captured. The other Indian, mounted 
 on a fleet pony, succeeded in crossing a prairie and reach- 
 ing unharmed an adjoining wood, having once in his flight 
 turned and discharged two arrows at Bugler Hayes.* The 
 pursuit was continued over hills and through ravines for 
 seven miles, when he abandoned his pony and sought 
 safety in a rocky ravine. The lieutenant, after searching 
 for three hours, found him behind a ledge of rocks, and the 
 next moment they were engaged in a hand-to-hand strug- 
 gle. Bugler Hayes hastened to the spot, but was afraid 
 to shoot, fearing that he might miss the Indian and disable 
 his officer. Lieutenant Lee finally, by a " back-heel fall," 
 
 *Now a captain in the Fifth Cavaliy. 
 
90 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 succeeded in throwing the Indian, when he killed him. 
 Lieutenant Lee afterwards said that when the Indian was 
 sorely pressing him he thought of the "back-heel fall" as 
 he had learned it when a boy, and applied it with complete 
 success. 
 
 A detachment of Company A, commanded by First Ser- 
 geant Robert N. Chapman, set out from Fort Mason on 
 the 25th of January, and the next day found a Co- 
 manche camp on Kickapoo Creek, protected by steep bluffs 
 on one side and a dense chaparral on the other. Several 
 charges were made, mounted and on foot. In the first 
 charge three horses were killed and wounded, and in the 
 other charges three more were severely wounded. After a 
 sharp engagement of three hours he defeated the enemy. 
 Four warriors were killed and others were wounded. 
 Thirteen animals were captured. 
 
 Sergeant Alex. McK. Craig, with a detachment of Com- 
 pany C, was dispatched from Camp Lawson on the 27th of 
 January in pursuit of a party of Comanches who had 
 stolen a number of horses from the settlers. The Indians 
 were overtaken on the 29th in a thick chaparral on the 
 Aqua Frio. A charge was made, and a running fight en- 
 sued for four or five miles. Four warriors were killed and 
 two severely wounded. Twenty-one animals were cap- 
 tured. 
 
 Captain Johnson, with his company, started from Fort 
 Mason on the 30th of January on an expedition to the 
 head- waters of the North Concho, but found no Indians. 
 Renewing his supplies at Fort Chadbourne, where he left 
 a number of dismounted men and disabled horses, he re- 
 sumed his scout and succeeded on the second day in 
 finding a trail of fourteen horses, which he followed. On 
 the next day (February 13), near sunset, he came upon a 
 party of Comanches encamped in a dense chaparral be- 
 tween Brady and Kickapoo creeks. He captured their 
 horses and then attacked the camp, but was unable to 
 reach the Indians by a mounted charge. Dismounting 
 
THE NARKATIYK. 91 
 
 his men, he advanced on foot and continued firing when- 
 ever an Indian could be seen until dark. . Three warriors 
 
 were killed. A violent storm during the night enabled 
 the Indians to effect their escape. Captain Johnson, in 
 his report of the affair, expressed the opinion that white 
 men were with the party, as when the charge was first 
 made he heard two men speaking the English language 
 too fluently for Indians. 
 
 The record would be incomplete without some reference 
 to John McLoughlin, a Delaware Indian, who was employ- 
 ed as a guide at Fort Mason. An expedition from that 
 post was not complete without him. He was a brave man, 
 and seemed to be endowed by nature with certain qualities 
 which experience rarely teaches a white man, no matter 
 how long he may live on the frontier. He could not be 
 lost, and he always knew by the general character of the 
 country where to seek for wood, water, and grass. John 
 loved whiskey, and when he was notified to hold himself 
 in readiness to accompany an expedition he was certain 
 to get drunk and hence be unable to march with the 
 command at the appointed hour, but would always over- 
 take it the next day. When asked why he always got 
 drunk when ordered for field-service he would invariably 
 reply : " May be so for thirty days get no more whiskey." 
 His shortcomings were overlooked because of his devo- 
 tion and good conduct wdien removed from temptation. 
 His intercourse with the regiment had enabled him to ac- 
 quire considerable information, and if he had been favored 
 with an education he would have been a man of more than 
 average ability. He remained in Texas when the regiment 
 left the State, and his subsequent career is unknown. 
 
 Major Thomas, with Lieutenant Lowe, thirteen men of 
 the band, and a detachment of Company D, set out from 
 Cam]) Cooper on the 23d of July for the head-waters of the 
 Concho and Colorado rivers. He was joined on the Colo- 
 rado River on the 27th by Lieutenant Lee with Company 
 B, and at Kiowa Creek on the 31st by Captain Johnson 
 
92 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 with his company and Lieutenant Porter with Company A. 
 The command then marched to and examined the country 
 contiguous to the head-waters of the Concho River, and 
 between that stream and the Colorado River, without 
 encountering hostile Indians. Major Thomas continued 
 his operations until the 20th of August, when the expedi- 
 tion was disbanded and companies A, B, and F returned 
 to their stations. He then started, with the band and 
 detachment of Company D, for Camp Cooper, and on the 
 25th discovered an Indian trail twenty-five miles east of 
 Mountain Pass. The wagons were at once dispatched to 
 Camp Cooper, and the command, with pack-mules, started 
 in pursuit and marched forty miles, when nightfall com- 
 pelled a halt. The pursuit was resumed at daybreak of 
 the 26th, and after a rapid march of twenty miles the In- 
 dians were discovered on the Salt Fork of the Brazos 
 River just as they were about leaving their camp. After 
 a hot pursuit for some miles they abandoned their loose 
 animals — twenty-eight in number— and escaped, except 
 one, who, having dismounted, was killed, but not until 
 he had wounded Major Thomas (twice) and five enlisted 
 men. 
 
 Corporal John Rutter, with a detachment of Company 
 B, started from Camp Colorado in pursuit of Indians who 
 had stolen horses from citizens five miles from the post. 
 He persevered in the pursuit during a heavy rain-storm 
 which continued with little intermission for two days, and 
 arrived on the 27th of August at Sabano Creek, which re- 
 quired swimming. The command entered the stream and 
 effected a crossing, men and horses going under. Upon 
 gaining the opposite bank the corporal found himself in 
 the Indian camp. A charge was made, but unfortunately 
 only three or four carbines and pistols would fire. The 
 Indians, discovering the condition of the arms, forced their 
 way through the lines and escaped. Two warriors were 
 wounded and the stolen horses were recovered. One 
 enlisted man was killed and two horses were wounded. 
 
TIIE NARRATIVE. 93 
 
 First Sergeant John W. Spangler, of Company H, closed 
 the record of the year with a brilliant success. He started 
 with a part of Company II and a detachment of State 
 troops from Camp Cooper in December, and marched 
 north to Pease River, a tributary of Red River, where on 
 the 19th he encountered a war-party of Comanches, and 
 killed fourteen, wounded some, and captured three war- 
 riors and forty-five animals, without loss or serious hurt 
 to the victors. 
 
 All the companies were very active during the year, and 
 at least fifteen of the minor expeditions are worthy of 
 more than a brief mention, but the record for one is the 
 record for all — many miles of toilsome marches and ex- 
 posures to inclement weather in the discharge of incon- 
 spicuous duty — and it is not, therefore, deemed necessary 
 to do more than invite attention to the arduous service 
 without entering into details. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 The Secession of Texas— Concentration of the Regiment at Green Lake and 
 Embarkation at Indianola for the North — Arrival at Carlisle Barracks. 
 
 The storm of political passion that had been threaten ■ 
 ing the integrity of the nation was now upon the country, 
 gathering strength with the revolt, one after another, of 
 the Southern States. The convention of Texas assembled 
 in January, 1861, and, as a majority of the delegates were 
 unconditional secessionists, the State was declared to be 
 withdrawn from the national Union. It was assumed 
 that this act would be submitted to the people, and that 
 the legislature would be convened to give effect to the 
 popular will ; but the convention ignored these important 
 ceremonies and appointed commissioners to confer with 
 General Twiggs for an immediate surrender of the forts 
 and government property within the department. A com- 
 pliance with this demand would have reduced the troops 
 to a helpless condition, and General Twiggs said that he 
 would not so disgrace and humiliate the soldiers under his 
 command. 
 
 The array officers had given intelligent attention to the 
 political complications of the period. They had discussed 
 their probable termination with much solicitude, and when 
 they witnessed the apparent disruption of the nation no 
 other class of men in the country were more profoundly 
 impressed with the gravity of the situation. The}^ consti- 
 tuted a military family bound together by many ties of 
 comradeship and dangers shared with each other, and, with 
 few exceptions, they were opposed to secession as a rem- 
 edy for real or imaginary grievances. The officers who re- 
 signed and entered the Confederate service did so because 
 
THE NAERA'TIVE. 95 
 
 of the social pressure which was applied to influence them, 
 and the fallacy that their first allegiance was due to a state 
 and not to the nation. 
 
 General Twiggs, after several efforts to obtain instruc- 
 tions from the government as to the policy he should pur- 
 sue, finally — as he alleged, to avoid bloodshed — surrendered 
 on the 18th of February, 1861, upon the demand of the in- 
 surgents of Texas, the military posts and other property 
 of the United States in the department and under his 
 charge, and issued an " Order of Exercises," in which he 
 required the troops to evacuate the posts, surrender all 
 public property not necessary to transport them to the 
 coast, and then, retaining their side-arms, to concentrate at 
 Green Lake, where they would surrender the remaining 
 transportation to the self-appointed State agents. If Gen- 
 eral Twiggs had been loyal to his country he could have 
 concentrated the troops upon the northern frontier of Texas 
 and marched through the Indian Territory to Fort Leaven- 
 worth, leaving nothing behind except the public buildings. 
 But when his " Order of Exercises" was promulgated to 
 his command it was too late to prevent the shameful sur- 
 render. 
 
 The regiment had been for years in a state of constant 
 alertness. It had stood between the settlers and the In- 
 dians, protecting each at times from the wrong-doings of 
 the other. This service had developed in the officers 
 and men habits of command and individual enterprise, 
 the successful exercise of which had won the unbounded 
 admiration of the citizens of the State. When it was 
 rumored that there was danger of conflicts between the 
 regulars and the State troops the newspapers appealed to 
 the governor to prevent such a calamity. It was justly 
 said by these organs of public opinion that "the regular 
 army had made with its best blood many places within the 
 State holy and almost classic ground, and that black 
 indeed would be that page in Texas history which should 
 record such contests." The demand was every where made 
 
96 THE NAERATIVE. 
 
 that no such treatment should be meted out to the regu- 
 lars, that no such dishonor should be attached to the 
 State, and that no such ingratitude should blacken the 
 pages of its history. 
 
 The troops were marched coastward in small detach- 
 ments ; those at the most distant posts were first moved to 
 prevent a concentration at any northern station for the 
 purpose of marching through the Indian Territory. Cap- 
 tains Oakes, Stoneman, and Whiting made efforts to unite 
 their commands for this purpose, making Fort Leaven- 
 worth or Jefferson Barracks the objective point ; but upon 
 consultation at Fort Inge it was discovered that nearly all 
 the serviceable transportation had been removed from the 
 posts, and that the subsistence stores on hand were barely 
 sufficient to supply the troops for the march to the sea- 
 coast. The companies were widely separated, and the offi- 
 cers were compelled to accept the situation or be held as 
 prisoners of war until they could be exchanged. The 
 " Order of Exercises" was complete in all its details, and 
 the regiment could do no better than submit to it and get 
 out of the country as soon as possible. 
 
 Meanwhile the insurgents had raised troops to occupy 
 the forts and protect the frontiers against the hostile 
 Indians, who, emboldened by the withdrawal of the 
 regulars, began with renewed vigor a series of preda- 
 tory incursions against the unprotected settlements be- 
 tween Camp Wood and Fort Inge. Many citizens were 
 murdered and much property was taken or destroyed. 
 The State troops failed to chastise the Indians or protect 
 the settlements. They lacked discipline and organization. 
 The settlers on the Rio Grande were soon in a state of alarm, 
 and the savages reveled in carnivals of blood and plunder 
 until Lieutenant Arnold, with Company C, set out from 
 Fort Inge in pursuit of the marauding Comanches, and 
 pushed them so closely that they were compelled to seek 
 safety in Mexico. Thus to the very last hour the regiment 
 discharged its duty to the State, even when the citizens 
 
THE NAEEATIVE. 97 
 
 dad renounced the flag of their country and were seeking 
 a redress for imaginary grievances in an attempt to destroy 
 the nation. 
 
 During this eventful period Colonel Johnston was at 
 San Francisco, commanding the Department of California. 
 The headquarters of the regiment were at Fort Mason 
 under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Lee, who was 
 soon ordered to Washington for the purpose of offering 
 him a command in the field. Majors Thomas and Van 
 Dorn were on leaves of absence. The senior captain was 
 not serving with the headquarters, and the regiment was 
 without a commanding officer from the 13th of February to 
 the 11th of April, 1861. 
 
 The regiment began its exodus from the State in Febru- 
 ary, 1861. Companies B, D, H, and I marched from their 
 stations to Green Lake. Companies E and G were trans- 
 ported by steamboat to Brazos Santiago, at the mouth 
 of the Rio Grande, thence by sea to Indianola, whence 
 they marched to Green Lake, where they joined the first 
 named, and the six companies constituted the first de- 
 tachment, which soon afterwards marched to Indianola, 
 and embarked on the steamship Coatzacoalcos on the 31st 
 of March and proceeded, by the way of Key West and 
 Havana, to New York, where they arrived on the 11th of 
 April and were met by Major Thomas, and moved thence 
 by rail to Carlisle Barracks, where they arrived on the 
 loth. Companies D and H were ordered to Washington, 
 where they arrived on the 17th. 
 
 The regimental headquarters and companies A, C, F, 
 and K, followed soon thereafter, and united at Indianola 
 as the second detachment, and embarked on the steam- 
 ship Empire City and proceeded by the way of Havana to 
 New York, where they arrived on the 20th of April, and 
 moved thence by rail to Carlisle Barracks, where the 
 companies were reported for duty on the 27th. 
 
 When the second detachment arrived at San Antonio 
 the State troops were flying the "Lone-Star Flag" over 
 7 
 
98 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 the Alamo. The next morning the command marched 
 through the principal streets with the regimental standard 
 and company guidons displayed and the band playing 
 "Yankee Doodle" and "Hail Columbia." A large num- 
 ber of citizens followed the troops beyond the city limits 
 and presented them with a United States flag. The next 
 afternoon the command arrived at Goliad, where a Se- 
 cession flag was displayed from the principal flags I air. 
 The men, without the knowledge of their officers, cut down 
 the flag during the night, and the next morning it was 
 used to make head-streamers for the train mules, and was 
 thus displayed as the troops marched through the town. 
 
 The day after this detachment sailed from Indianola 
 a Confederate force entered the harbor and captured the 
 remaining transport steamship, Star of the West, and all 
 the National troops remaining in the State were captured, 
 and paroled as prisoners of war. 
 
 Captain Palmer commanded the first, and Captain Whit- 
 ing the second, detachment, and the following-named offi- 
 cers accompanied the regiment out of Texas : Captains 
 Stoneman, Brackett, and Johnson ; Lieutenants Jenifer, 
 Royall, Chambliss, Lowe, Harrison, Kimmel, Arnold, and 
 Porter. The senior officer on the Coatzacoalcos was Cap- 
 tain John H. King, First Infantry. The senior officer on 
 the Empire City was Captain Oliver L. Shepherd, Third 
 Infantry. The division of the command on the Empire 
 City, grand at the time, seems ludicrous now as it is 
 viewed back through the years of the war of the Rebellion. 
 Captain Shepherd announced himself as chief in com- 
 mand, with Captain George Sykes, Third Infantry, as 
 chief of infantry, and Carjtain Charles J. Whiting, Second 
 Cavalry, as chief of cavalry. 
 
 The loyalty of the enlisted men was severely tested 
 before leaving Texas. The State agents offered them good 
 pay and liberal bounty if they would enter the Confederate 
 service, but, with few exceptions, they confirmed the opin- 
 ion entertained of them by their officers and were faithful 
 
THE NAEEATIVE. 99 
 
 to their obligations. When they arrived at New York 
 they were received with demonstrations of delight. They 
 carried the easy and resolute assurance which indicates 
 the soldier trained by experience in the field, and the 
 citizens seemed to think, if the regular army were com- 
 posed of such men, that the revolt would soon be crushed. 
 The country did not comprehend the magnitude of the 
 rebellion, and was of the opinion that the difficulties 
 would soon be adjusted ; but the officers and men who 
 had returned from the Southern States knew that the 
 secessionists were preparing for a desperate struggle if 
 the government should attempt to assert its rightful 
 authority, as it would surely do. 
 
Third Period— 186 1-1 865. 
 
 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Preparations at Carlisle Barracks and Distribution of the Companies— Capture 
 of Alexandria— Skirmish at Fairfax Court-House— The Shenandoah and 
 Manassas Campaigns— Winter Quarters in the Defenses of Washington— 
 The Consolidation of the Mounted Regiments in one Corps. 
 
 On the 14th. of April, 1861, Fort Sumter, after a bom- 
 bardment of two days, was evacuated and surrendered to 
 the South Carolina insurgents, and a few days later the 
 Sixth Massachusetts Volunteers were mobbed while march- 
 ing through the streets of Baltimore en route to the defense 
 of the capital. There was no longer a doubt concerning 
 the intentions of the secession leaders. 
 
 The regular army was distributed from the Atlantic 
 Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific Ocean and 
 the British possessions, and it became evident that a large 
 force of volunteers must be employed, as the entire army 
 (about sixteen thousand), if concentrated, was inadequate 
 to suppress the wide-spread insurrection. 
 
 On the 15th of April the President called for seventy- 
 five thousand three months' militia, and summoned Con- 
 gress to assemble on the 4th of July ; but after the battle 
 of Bull Run, when the government realized that the re- 
 bellion would not be so easily crushed, Congress author- 
 ized the President to accept the services of one million 
 volunteers. 
 
; / i 
 
THE NAERA.TIVE. L01 
 
 The regimenl was somewhat disorganized by the resig- 
 nations of the officers who had been induced to unite their 
 fortunes with the seceded States, but the vacancies were 
 promptly tilled. Major Thomas was promoted lieutenant- 
 colonel on the 25th of April, and on the 3d of May he suc- 
 ceeded to the colonelcy. He at once applied himself to 
 the task of equipping the regiment for the held. Two 
 squadrons (B, E, Gr, and I) were dispatched to Washing- 
 ton so soon as they were remounted, and on the 27th of 
 May he reported the remaining squadrons (A, C, F, and 1\) 
 ready for service. These, under the command of Colonel 
 Thomas, reported on the 1st of June to General Patterson 
 at Chambersburg, Pa., for participation in the Shenandoah 
 campaign. 
 
 The three squadrons serving at Washington were em- 
 ployed in guarding the White House and the Treasury 
 buildings until the 23d of May, when three companies 
 crossed the Potomac under the command of Major Stone- 
 man and assisted in the capture of Alexandria. They 
 were then stationed at Fort Corcoran (B), Alexandria I E), 
 and Arlington (I) until the beginning of the Manassas 
 campaign. 
 
 Lieutenant Tompkins, with fifty men of Company B, 
 set out from Ball's Cross-Roads on the night of the 31st 
 of May on a reconnaissance to Fairfax Court-House. 
 He captured en route two picket stations, and the next 
 morning charged three times through the town and com- 
 pletely routed the enemy with a loss of twenty-five killed 
 and wounded. The lieutenant was severely injured by his 
 wounded horse falling on him. Five men were wounded 
 and thirteen horses were killed and wounded. This 
 brilliant dash— the first National cavalry success in 
 Virginia— made Lieutenant Tompkins deservedly con- 
 spicuous. 
 
 On the 1st of July the Army of the Shenandoah cross,;! 
 the Potomac at Williamsport, Md. Colonel Thomas' i>; : 
 gade, in which two squadrons of the regiment (A. C, V. 
 
102 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 and K) were serving, led the advance and participated in 
 the affairs at Falling Waters. Martinsburg, and Bunker 
 Hill. The army then moved to Charles town, and thence 
 back to Harper's Ferry, where it arrived on the 21st of 
 July. The cavalry left that place on the 26th and arrived 
 at Sandy Hook, Md., the same day, and continued to serve 
 in the field until September, when they were ordered to 
 the defenses of Washington. 
 
 The cavalry forces employed in the Manassas campaign 
 consisted of a squadron of the First Cavalry, one com- 
 pany of the Second Dragoons, and two squadrons (B, E, 
 G, and I) of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry— about three 
 hundred and fifty men. Captain Brackett, with a squad- 
 ron (G and I), while assisting General Tyler in making 
 a reconnaissance on the 18th of July near Blackburn's 
 Ford, became hotly engaged with the enemy and had three 
 men wounded and eight horses killed. 
 
 On the 19th Company I was selected for General Mc- 
 Dowell's escort, Company E was attached to General 
 Heintzelman' s division, the company of the Second Dra- 
 goons was attached to General Hunter's division, and the 
 remaining squadrons — one of the First Cavalry and one 
 (B and G) of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry— under the 
 command of Major Palmer, were attached to Porter's 
 brigade of General Hunter's division. 
 
 These companies were chiefly employed during the bat- 
 tle of Bull Run as supports to batteries of artilleiy. 
 Those with General Hunter's division crossed Bull Bun at 
 one of the upper fords and assisted in turning the enemy's 
 left flank, which at half -past three o'clock p.m. had been 
 forced back until the National troops had possession of the 
 Warrenton pike leading from the stone bridge. At this 
 supreme moment, when the National troops seemed to be 
 victorious, the Confederate general E. K. Smith arrived 
 with a fresh brigade, and, marching through a piece of 
 timber, appeared almost in the rear of General McDowell's 
 right Hank. A panic at once ensued, and the men who 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 103 
 
 only a moment before wore flushed with success begun :i 
 disorderly flight, which was only ended when they were 
 safely wilh in the defenses of Washington. 
 
 The soldierly discipline of the regulars was of inesti- 
 mable value during the retreat. They never failed to obey 
 their officers, and when retiring from the field, although 
 surrounded by the greatest disorder and confusion, they 
 preserved their formations and halted and marched at the 
 word of command. The retreat was continued without 
 serious check until the fugitives had passed Centreville, 
 when a reserve was established and comparative order was 
 restored. 
 
 When the panic began the cavalry and a section of 
 artillery formed a line of battle and held the enemy until 
 the infantry had retired from the field. They then retired 
 in good order, and were the last organized troops to cross 
 Bull Run, and served as a rear-guard to Centreville, where 
 they bivouacked on the ground which they had occupied 
 before the battle. The casualties in the regiment were 
 nine men wounded and twenty horses killed. At mid- 
 night the companies were aroused and marched to Arling- 
 ton, and a few days afterwards they joined the other 
 companies in the defenses of Washington, where the 
 regiment served during the winter of 1861-62. 
 
 Colonel Thomas, having been appointed a brigadier- 
 general, relinquished the command of the regiment and 
 thereafter served with the Western armies, where he ac- 
 quired a world-wide reputation as one of the ablest gen- 
 erals of the war. 
 
 The companies were frequently employed during the 
 winter making reconnaissances into Virginia and Mary- 
 land. Lieutenant Bailey narrowly escaped capture while 
 making a reconnaissance, on the 5th of September, 
 towards Falls Church, and Company K had a skirmish 
 with the enemy near Vienna, Va., on the 20th of October. 
 
 Section 12 of an act of Congress approved August 3, 
 1861, enacted "that the two regiments of dragoons, the 
 
104 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 regiment of mounted riflemen, and the two regiments of 
 cavalry shall hereafter be known and recognized as the 
 first, second, third, fourth, and fifth regiments ot cavalry 
 respectively ; the officers thereof to retain their present 
 relative rank and to be promoted as of one arm of service, 
 according to existing law and established usage and regu- 
 lation." 
 
 The First Dragoons became the First Cavalry, the 
 Second Dragoons became the Second Cavalry, the Mount- 
 ed Riflemen became the Third Cavalry, the First Cav- 
 alry became the Fourth Cavalry, the Second Cavalry 
 became the Fifth Cavalry, and the new Third Cavalry, 
 which was authorized by the President on the 4th of May, 
 1861, and continued by an act of Congress approved July 
 29, 1861, became the Sixth Cavalry. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 The Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland Campaigns— The Tv 've 
 Days' Cavalry Fighting during the Advance of the Army of the Potomac 
 into Virginia— Fredericksburg— Winter Camp at Falmouth. 
 
 General Stoneman, as chief of cavalry of the Army 
 of the Potomac, applied himself during the winter of 1861- 
 62 to the task of creating a valuable cavalry organization. 
 His energy, sound judgment, and ripe experience over- 
 came, so far as it was possible, many obstacles arising from 
 the deficiency of arms and equipments, and when the army 
 was ready to move in the spring of 1862 he had succeeded 
 in organizing a force which was capable of achieving excel- 
 lent results, if a wise judgment had controlled the use of 
 it. The volunteer cavalry were in an excellent condition, 
 and the regular cavalry had been drilled to their habitual 
 state of efficiency. But, unfortunately, there was a well- 
 developed fondness displayed at corps, division, and bri- 
 gade headquarters for the presence of numerous and Avell- 
 mounted orderlies. The details for ornamental service, 
 combined with those for picket and escort duties, about 
 absorbed the cavalry regiments, so that during the first 
 years of the war they did not have an opportunity to win 
 much distinction. 
 
 On the 10th of March, 1862, the regiment, serving in 
 Emory' s brigade of the cavalry reserve, marched with the 
 Army of the Potomac to Fairfax Court-House. The nexl 
 day it was marched to Manassas and then returned i<> 
 Centreville. On the 13th three squadrons (A, B, E, F, G, 
 andK), under the command of Captain Whiting, accom- 
 panied General Stoneman on a reconnaissance in force 
 along the Orange and Alexandria Railway towards War- 
 renton, and the next day they had a skirmish at Cedar 
 
106 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Run, where Lieutenants Custer and Mcintosh, who com- 
 manded the advance squadrons, charged the enemy's 
 pickets and drove them across the stream. 
 
 The retreat of the enemy from Manassas to Gordonsville 
 behind the Rappahannock and Rapidan compelled Gen- 
 eral McClellan to transfer the army to the Peninsula for 
 a new base, taking the line of Yorktown and West Point 
 upon Richmond as the line of operations, the Confeder- 
 ate capital being the objective iDoint. 
 
 On the 13th of March the regimental headquarters, with 
 two squadrons (C, D, H, and I), set out from Centreville 
 for Alexandria, where they arrived two days later, and the 
 other squadrons joined them on the 18th. The regiment 
 embarked on the 27th for Fortress Monroe, and marched 
 thence to Warwick Court-House, where it arrived on 
 the 5th of April and was attached to the Fourth Army 
 Corps. A squadron (D and H) was soon thereafter sent to 
 General Smith's division, and Comx3any G was detailed for 
 escort duty at General Sumner's headquarters. 
 
 The regiment was employed during the siege of York- 
 town on picket and reconnaissance duty, Captain Cham- 
 bliss having skirmishes with the enemy at Lee's Mills 
 and Warwick Creek. After the evacuation of Yorktown 
 the regiment was united and sent in pursuit of the retreat- 
 ing enemy to Williamsburg, and was engaged in almost 
 daily skirmishes during the advance to the Chickahominy, 
 where it was again employed on picket and reconnaissance 
 duty until the 27th of May, when it participated in the 
 battle of Hanover Court-House, where Lieutenant Arnold 
 (with his squadron) commanded the advance and opened 
 the engagement, which resulted in a National victory. The 
 regiment captured one hundred and ninety prisoners (Cap- 
 tain Harrison with his company captured two companies 
 of infantry with their arms and equipments), and received 
 the thanks of the commanding general for conspicuous 
 gallantry. 
 
 Lieutenant Custer, with Compairv G, participated in a 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 107 
 
 brilliant skirmish at New Bridge, near Cold Barbor, on 
 the 24th of .May. On the 28th the regiment made a re- 
 connaissance towards Ashland and drove in the enemy's 
 pickets, and on the 29th Captain Chambliss and Lieuten- 
 
 ant Arnold, with two squadrons (1), H, I, and K.), were 
 ordered to make a reconnaissance from Hanover Court- 
 House towards Ashland, where a considerable Eorce of the 
 enemy had assembled. They charged throngh the town. 
 dispersed the enemy, captured some prisoners, destroyed 
 the telegraph line, a railway bridge across Stony Creek, 
 and a large quantity of supplies. 
 
 Captain Royall, with two squadrons (B, C, F, and H), 
 was dispatched on the 1st of June to the vicinity of Old 
 Church, on the extreme right of the army, to watch any 
 movements that the enemy might make in the direction of 
 Hanover Court-House. On the 13th Lieutenant Leib, who 
 was making a reconnaissance towards the Court-House, 
 discovered the enemy's cavalry and dispatched a courier 
 with the information to Captain Royall, who moved out 
 with his available force, and when their advance-guard 
 appeared he charged and drove them back on the main 
 body ; but the enemy, about fifteen hundred strong, soon 
 overwhelmed his command. He fought, however, with the 
 utmost gallantry, and succeeded in cutting his way throngh 
 their lines, having received six- sabre wounds in hand-to- 
 hand conflicts. The enemy captured and destroyed his 
 camp and some stores at Garlick's Station, and, although 
 vigorously pursued, succeeded in making the circuit of the 
 army, and recrossed the Chickahominy at Long Bridge. 
 Lieutenant McLean was severely wounded and captured, 
 four men were killed and thirty-five were captured. The 
 loss of the enemy was not ascertained. 
 
 Captain Harrison, with companies B, C, E, G, and K, 
 joined General Stoneman on the 26th of June for the pur- 
 pose of operating in the vicinity of the White House. At 
 this time General McClellan had decided to make an im- 
 mediate change of base across the Peninsula to James 
 
108 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 River, which manoeuvre — a flank march in the presence of 
 the enemy — resulted in the celebrated seven days 1 battles. 
 The enemy, having crossed the Tolopatomoy in strong- 
 force on the 27th, succeeded in cutting off General Stone- 
 man's command from the main army. He then retired 
 to the White House, and thence to Yorktown when the 
 White House was abandoned, and the companies rejoined 
 the regiment at Harrison's Landing on the 7th of July. 
 
 A detachment of Company E, under the command of 
 Sergeant James Hastings, while engaged in blockading 
 the cross-roads near Polgreen's Church, was attacked by 
 General Jackson's advance and had one man mortally 
 wounded. 
 
 The regimental headquarters, with companies A, D, F, 
 H, and I, and small detachments of the other companies, 
 under the command of Captain Whiting, were engaged in 
 the battle of Gaines's Mill on the 27th of June, and while 
 making a charge against General Hood's division Lieu- 
 tenant Sweet was killed, Captain Chambliss (severely) 
 and Lieutenants Arnold (horse killed under him), Wat- 
 kins, and Maley were wounded, and Captain Whiting was 
 captured after his horse had been killed under him. The 
 casualties among the enlisted men aggregated forty-nine 
 killed, wounded, and missing. Twenty-four horses .were 
 killed. Captain McArthur was the only officer who 
 escaped unhurt. 
 
 This famous charge, concerning which there have been 
 so many discussions and so much misrepresentation, was 
 made by seven officers and two hundred and thirty men 
 of the regiment under the following circumstances : To- 
 wards the end of the battle General Hood's division was 
 seen moving from the shelter of a dense woods for the 
 purpose of charging the National artillery, which had been 
 severely punishing the enemy. The officer in command, 
 having no infantry support, was retiring from the field, in 
 order to prevent the capture of his guns, when General 
 Cooke sent him a cavalry support, and ordered him to 
 
THE NAIM'ATIY!.. 109 
 
 unlimber and go into action again. The officer cheerfully 
 returned and opened a canister fire upon the rapidly ad- 
 vancing enemy. At this moment Captain Whiting under- 
 stood that he was ordered to charge the enemy, which he 
 did, but 'after riding over their first line he was halted by 
 the dense woods from which they had just emerged. The 
 audacity of the charge, together with the rapid firing of 
 canister at a short range, impressed the enemy with the 
 belief that fresh reserves had arrived on the field, and un- 
 doubtedly saved that part of the National army which was 
 on the north side of the Chickakominy. General McClel- 
 lan, in his telegram of the 28th of June to the Secretary of 
 War, said : " My regulars were superb, and I count upon 
 what are left to turn another battle in company with their 
 gallant comrades of the volunteers." The regimental 
 headquarters, with the same companies and detachments, 
 . participated in the battle of Savage Station on the 29th, 
 and were present in reserve at the battle of Malvern Hill. 
 
 Upon the arrival of the army at Harrison's Landing on 
 the 2d of July the regiment was attached to the First Cav- 
 alry Brigade, commanded by General Averill, and was 
 employed until the 15th of August on picket and recon- 
 naissance duty. Captain Harrison, with a squadron (B 
 and C) and small detachments of other companies, had 
 a skirmish on the 16th of July with a squadron of the 
 enemy's cavalry near St. Mary's Church, and drove them 
 two miles, killing three and wounding others. 
 
 On the night of the 1st of August the enemy placed a 
 battery in position at Coggins' Point, on the south bank 
 of the James River, and about midnight opened a lively 
 cannonade upon the troops and transports lying upon 
 and near the north bank of the river. The camp of 
 the regiment, which was almost opposite the enemy's 
 battery, was subjected to a hot fire for half an hour, 
 during which time some amusing incidents occurred. 
 Many of the men sought protection behind a pile of 
 forage on the bluff of the river, and some officers 
 
110 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 who fell into the drainage ways of the camp had their 
 clothing badly soiled, and several baskets of champagne 
 were required to settle the matter. This affair resulted in 
 sending General Averill on the morning of the 8d with a 
 force of cavalry, which included two squadrons (D, E, G, 
 and I), under the command of Captain Owens, to examine 
 the country on the south bank of the James River, and 
 also to attack a regiment of Confederate cavalry which 
 was at Sycamore Church. After crossing the river Lieu- 
 tenant Mcintosh, who commanded the advance-guard, en- 
 countered the enemy's pickets, which he forced back until 
 they were reinforced with a squadron of eighty men. He 
 impetuously charged across a small stream against the 
 enemy, who retreated before the audacity of his attack. 
 He pursued them nearly two miles, ugh ting with the sabre, 
 when, having no support, he abandoned the pursuit and 
 rode back until he met the command at the stream where 
 he first encountered the enemy's pickets. The entire force 
 then pressed forward and engaged the enemy, who, after 
 a sharp skirmish, retreated in great disorder and aban- 
 doned their camp, which was destroyed. 
 
 On the 4th of August the regimental headquarters and 
 companies A, C, D, G, and I, under the command of Cap- 
 tain McArthur, accompanied General Averill on another 
 reconnaissance in the direction of Savage Station. They 
 encountered the Eighteenth Virginia Cavalry on the 5th 
 inst. near White Oak Swamp, and drove them some miles 
 towards Richmond, killing and wounding several, capturing 
 twenty-eight men and a number of horses. 
 
 The regiment served as a part of the rear-guard of the 
 Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Penin- 
 sula from the loth to the 20th of August, when it arrived 
 at Williamsburg and encamped for a few days. It was 
 then moved, by the way of Yorktown and Fortress Mon- 
 roe, to Washington, where it arrived on the 8th of Septem- 
 ber and immediately rejoined the army and participated 
 in tln i Maryland campaign, and was engaged at the battles 
 
THE NARRATIVE. Ill 
 
 of South Mountain (in reserve) and Antietam, where it 
 was posted beyond the centre bridge and on the direct 
 road to Sharpsbiirg, and was employed in supporting lighl 
 batteries ; and on the 19th it participated in the pursuit to 
 the Potomac, opposite Shepherdstown, where it was en- 
 gaged in a lively skirmish with the enemy. On the 26th 
 the regiment, under the command of Captain Harrison, 
 made a reconnaissance to Halltown and drove the enemy's 
 pickets within a mile of Charlestown, Va.; and on the 29th 
 Captain Owens, with companies E, G, and K, made a recon- 
 naissance in the same direction with a similar result. 
 
 After a series of almost daily marches and manoeuvres 
 in Maryland, the regiment crossed the Potomac on the 1st 
 of November and participated in the twelve days* cavalry 
 fighting during the advance of the army into Virginia, and 
 was engaged, as a whole or in part, in the skirmish near 
 Union ; the action near Piedmont ; the skirmish at Upper- 
 ville ; the action at Markham's Station ; the skirmishes at 
 Manassas Gap, Snicker's Gap, Barbee's Cross-Roads, and 
 Little Washington (a sabre charge, in which Lieutenant 
 Ash was severely wounded) ; the actions at Amissville and 
 Hazel Run ; the affair south of Warren ton, and the skir- 
 mish near Rappahannock Bridge. 
 
 The regiment, under the command of Captain Owens, 
 was posted on the picket line on the right flank of the 
 National army at the battle of Fredericksburg. This 
 battle closed the campaign of 1862 in Virginia, and the 
 regiment was sent to Falmouth, Va., for winter quarters. 
 Lieutenant Walker, with Company C, had a skirmish with 
 the enemy near that place on the 25th of December, and 
 on the BOth the regiment (except Company H), under the 
 command of Captain Harrison, started on an extended 
 reconnaissance which continued for several days. 
 
 An act of Congress approved July 17, 1862, authorized 
 three majors and added two companies to each of the old 
 cavalry regiments. The Sixth Cavalry was organized with 
 three majors and twelve companies. 
 
112 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Company L was not fully organized until October 27, 
 IS60, but the company had a paper existence on the regi- 
 mental returns and officers were assigned to it. Company 
 M was fully organized at Carlisle Barracks, February 23, 
 1863, and, after a brief tour of duty at Washington, joined 
 the regiment in the field on the 17th of May, 1863. 
 
CHAPTER X. 
 
 Reorganization of the Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac — Operations on 
 the Rappahannock — Stoneman's Raid towards Richmond — Battle of Bev- 
 erly Ford — Actions at Aldie, Middletown, and Upperville — The Pennsyl- 
 vania Campaign and Operations in Central Virginia. 
 
 In January, 1863, General Hooker reorganized the cav- 
 alry of the Army of the Potomac into three divisions 
 and. then assigned General Stoneman to the command of 
 the corps. Heretofore the cavalry had been employed on 
 escort, picket, and reconnaissance duties, and the regiments 
 were seldom conspicuously engaged in battle, although they 
 were always on the field. The wise policy of employing 
 the cavalry for offensive operations was soon followed by 
 brilliant successes. 
 
 In July, 1863, a cavalry bureau was organized in the 
 War Department, and in November there were twenty-six 
 effective regiments in the Army of the Potomac and. more 
 than two hundred regiments in the armies of the United 
 States. 
 
 The regiment served with the regular cavalry brigade at 
 Falmouth during the winter of 1862-63, and was actively 
 employed near Potomac Creek (A, C, I, and K with Gen- 
 eral AverilPs brigade) and on the Rappahannock River. 
 
 About the 10th of January a force of fifteen hundred 
 cavalry, which included two squadrons (A, C, I, and K) 
 of the regiment, set out from Falmouth, under the com- 
 mand of General Averill, to penetrate the enemy's lines 
 for the purpose of concealing, if possible, the movements 
 of a stronger cavalry force on the Upper Rappahannock 
 and to divert attention from General Hooker's intended 
 plan of attack, which was to cross the river at Siddon's, 
 about six miles below Fredericksburg, and turn General 
 Lee's right flank, and, having forced it behind the Rich- 
 8 
 
114 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 mond and Fredericksburg Railway, to cut his communica- 
 tions and then defeat him in battle or force his retreat 
 towards Gordons ville, which would uncover Richmond. 
 The command had crossed the country to a place some 
 distance below Warrenton when it was recalled by order 
 of the President, who did not approve the plan of attack. 
 The cavalry were then dispatched to intercept the enemy, 
 who were making a raid, under General Stuart, in the rear 
 of the National army. 
 
 On the 16th of March a cavalry force under the com- 
 mand of General Averill moved up the Rappahannock to 
 the Orange and Alexandria Railway for the purpose of 
 crossing the river at Kelly's Ford and marching in the 
 direction of Culpepper, where a strong force of the enemy's 
 cavalry were assembled under the command of General 
 Fitzhugh Lee. The column arrived at the ford on the 
 morning of the 17th, and, after a sharp skirmish, over- 
 whelmed the enemy's pickets, effected a crossing, and 
 then moved in the direction of Culpepper Court-House, 
 and about one mile from the ford a stubborn and desper- 
 ate combat ensued, and during a struggle of four hours' 
 duration the enemy were driven back about six miles. 
 General Averill, finding that his ammunition was about 
 exhausted, then withdrew his troops and recrossed the 
 ford at dark, the enemy following him with some slight 
 demonstrations. 
 
 This was the first cavalry engagement of the war in 
 which a division was engaged on each side. The National 
 forces consisted of seven volunteer regiments, the Sixth 
 New York battery, and detachments from the regular 
 cavalry which included three squadrons (C, E, G, H, I, 
 and K) of the regiment under the command of Lieutenant 
 Leib. The enemy's forces consisted of five regiments of 
 cavalry and a battery. 
 
 At the second attempt of the enemy to rally, the regi- 
 ment seized the opportunity and made a brilliant charge 
 which forced them into a rapid retreat and won the 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 115 
 
 commendation of General Averill. The National loss was 
 eighty-four killed, wounded, and missing. The enemy's 
 loss was one hundred and thirty- three. A large number 
 of horses were killed and wounded on each side. 
 
 General Stoneman was ordered to march on the 13th of 
 April with all his available forces, except one brigade, for 
 the purpose of turning the enemy's position on his left, 
 and placing his corps between General Lee and Rich- 
 mond and inflicting upon him every possible injury that 
 would tend to his discomfiture and defeat. 
 
 The Fifth Cavalry, under the command of Captain Har- 
 rison, participated in this movement, which is known as 
 " Stoneman' s raid towards Richmond." The regiment 
 operated with the command along the Rappahannock 
 (Company B having, with other troops, a skirmish with the 
 enemy at Kelly's Ford on the 14th of April) until the 
 28th, when it left Warrenton Junction and encamped near 
 Bealton Station, and on the 29th crossed the river at Kelly's 
 Ford and marched beyond Mountain Run, where the com- 
 mand halted, while Captain Drummond, with two squad- 
 rons (A, B, F, and I), was dispatched to Brandy Station 
 to communicate with General Averill, Captain Drum- 
 mond had a sharp skirmish with the enemy while en 
 route to the Station, and rejoined the column about noon, 
 when the march was resumed and continued to a cross- 
 roads, where the men stood to horse all night. 
 
 General AverilFs division was instructed to operate 
 along the Orange Railway towards Gordonsville for the 
 purpose of masking the movements of the stronger force 
 under General Stoneman. 
 
 On the morning of the 30th two squadrons of the regi- 
 ment marched in advance to Mitchell's Crossing of the 
 Rapidan, where the leading squadron (E, K), under the 
 command of Lieutenant Mason, crossed the river, and, 
 while making a daring reconnaissance in the direction of 
 Raccoon Ford, encountered the enemy and captured nearly 
 all the men of a battery, and but for the appearance of the 
 
116 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry would have taken the guns. 
 Lieutenant Mason held his position, however, until the 
 main command had crossed the river, when the enemy 
 retired. The raiders then marched up the south side to 
 Raccoon Ford, five miles above Mitchell's Crossing, where 
 they bivouacked until three o'clock a.m. of the 1st of May. 
 
 The march was continued on the 2d to Louisa Court- 
 House, and thence to Yanceyville, where the regiment was 
 detached to examine the country on the left of the road 
 and along the South Anna River, and after capturing 
 .a train of fifteen wagons, seventy-five horses and mules, 
 some prisoners, and a supply of forage, it rejoined the bri- 
 gade at Thompson's Cross-Roads on the 3d. At this place 
 General Stoneman dispatched expeditions in every direc- 
 tion, with instructions to cut the enemy's lines of com- 
 munication and inflict upon them all the damage possible. 
 
 At three o'clock p.m. of the 3d Captain Drummond, with 
 two hundred men of the regiment, set out to examine 
 the fords above Allen Creek, burn the bridge across the 
 -South Anna on the road leading to Goochland Court- 
 House, and, if possible, capture the town. His command 
 skirmished with the enemy at South Anna Bridge and 
 Shannon Hill, and otherwise accomplished its mission 
 to the entire satisfaction of the general commanding, and 
 rejoined the regiment on the 6th. About five o'clock p.m. 
 of the 3d Lieutenant Mason, with his squadron (E, K), set 
 out for Yanceyville to destroy the bridge at that place ; 
 .and about half -past ten o'clock p.m. Captain Harrison and 
 one hundred and nineteen officers and men were instruct- 
 ed to proceed towards Shannon Hill and examine the 
 country about Gordonsville and Columbia. He arrived 
 at Fleming's Cross-Roads at half-past two o'clock a.m. of 
 the 4th and established pickets on the roads, which had 
 scarcely been accomplished when the pickets on the road 
 in his rear, which led to Richmond, became engaged with 
 the enemy's advance-guard. He sent Lieutenant Hastings 
 to their assistance, dispatched Captain Owens to ascertain 
 
THE NAKKAT1VE. 117 
 
 the strength of the enemy, and recalled the pickets from 
 the road in his front. 
 
 Lieutenant Hastings, with fourteen men, charged the 
 enemy's advance-guard and forced them back on the main 
 body, which was rapidly advancing in a double column of 
 fours. Captain Harrison at once decided to charge with 
 the hope of checking the enemy long enough to hold the 
 cross-roads until he could withdraw his flanking pickets, 
 and then by a rapid retreat prevent the capture of his 
 command. When the enemy saw his small force so boldly 
 displayed they hesitated, not knowing what force might 
 be held in reserve, and at this instant of time Captain Har 
 rison began his charge. When the enemy discovered that 
 Captain Harrison had no reserve they also charged, and 
 the combatants met on an open plain, near the edge of 
 a wood, in a shock in which the foremost horses were 
 knocked down like ten-pins in a bowling-alley. It was 
 then ascertained that the detachment had charged a regi- 
 ment of Virginia cavalry. Captain Owens, Lieutenant 
 Buford, and thirty men were captured, four men were 
 wounded, and seventeen horses were killed in the charge, 
 the impetuosity of which demoralized the enemy for 
 some time. Captain Harrison, taking advantage of the 
 confusion into which he had thrown the head of their 
 column, returned to the cross-roads, where his flanking 
 pickets rejoined him. He then retreated to Yanceyville, 
 where he found Lieutenant Mason, and made arrangements 
 to hold the bridge at that place. 
 
 On the afternoon of the 5th the regiment set out from 
 Yanceyville, and marched until the Rapidan was crossed 
 at Raccoon Ford about midnight of the 6th, where the bri- 
 gade bivouacked until the next morning, when the march 
 was resumed for Kelly's Ford, which was reached at nine 
 o'clock p.m. The regiment was then assigned to picket 
 duty on the Charlottesville Road until the morning of the 
 8th, when it recrossed the river and encamped near Rap- 
 pahannock Station. 
 
118 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 The raid, although vigorously conducted, did not inflict 
 any lasting injury upon the enemy, as the railways, canals, 
 and other lines of communication were soon repaired. 
 But the moral effect was wonderful. General Stoneman 
 marched within the enemy's lines for nine days with a 
 force of about five thousand men, and disabled every line 
 of communication between General Lee's army and Rich- 
 mond ; while the audacity of the National cavalry, which 
 had advanced (under General Kilpatrick) within two miles 
 of Richmond, had created a widespread consternation, and 
 to this extent the raid was a brilliant success. 
 
 During the progress of these events the Army of the 
 Potomac crossed the Rappahannock, and, after flanking 
 the enemy out of his fortified position at Fredericksburg, 
 suffered a repulse and was compelled to return to the 
 north side of the river, which encouraged the enemy to 
 plan, and finally carry into execution, the invasion of 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 The cavalry corps of the army with a brigade of in- 
 fantry, the whole force under the command of General 
 Pleasonton, crossed the Rappahannock between Beverly 
 Ford and Culpepper at daybreak of the 9th of June, and 
 engaged the enemy in a fiercely-contested battle, which 
 continued during the entire day. The regiment, reduced 
 to three squadrons, under the command of Captain Har- 
 rison, was under fire until half-past six o'clock p.m., and 
 suffered a loss of thirty-nine officers and men killed, 
 wounded, and missing, and sixty-two horses killed. 
 
 Th<- battle of Beverly Ford was the first occasion where 
 the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac, as a body, 
 met the cavalry corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, 
 which was then at the height of its fame. About twenty 
 thousand men were engaged, and both sides were distin- 
 guished for superb fighting and conspicuous gallantry. 
 
 General Pleasonton's success furnished information con- 
 cerning the movements of the enemy which caused General 
 Hooker to withdraw his army from the front of Fredericks- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 119 
 
 bur^ and keep pace with General Lee, who was marching 
 to invade Maryland and Pennsylvania, while the imme- 
 diate results were to ruin the plans of General Stuart, 
 which were constantly checked, as the cavalry combats 
 at Aldie, Middletown, Upperville, and other places during 
 June abundantly attest. 
 
 The cavalry corps had now acquired a character in both 
 armies before unknown to that branch of the service, and 
 their value for offensive operations was fully recognized. 
 
 The regiment, under the command of Captain Mason, 
 and still, serving with the regular brigade in the First 
 Cavalry Division, participated in the Pennsylvania cam- 
 paign and in the operations in Central Virginia, and was 
 engaged at the battle of Gettysburg, where it was employed 
 with the division on the left flank, and assisted in frus- 
 trating a dangerous turning movement of the enemy ; in 
 the subsequent pursuit to Warrenton, and in the actions at 
 Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, 
 where the regular brigade made the final charge on the 
 rear-guard of the retreating enemy. It crossed the Poto- 
 mac on the 18th of July, and was engaged, as a whole or 
 in part, in the engagement at Manassas Gap, the skir- 
 mish near Front Royal, and in the battles and actions 
 about Brandy Station. The regiment then turned in 
 the horses and proceeded to Washington, where the men 
 were remounted and equipped, and, returning to the 
 field, engaged (with the brigade) the enemy on the 
 11th of October at Morton's Ford, for the purpose of 
 creating a diversion to conceal the departure of General 
 Kilpatrick on a raid towards Richmond, the enemy hav- 
 ing retired to the Rapidan. The regiment then rejoined 
 the army at Centreville, and, under the command of Cap- 
 tain Arnold, participated in the engagement at Bristoe 
 Station (where Lieutenant Ash made a daring individual 
 reconnaissance within the enemy's lines), Kettle Run, and 
 in the Mine Run operations, during which it guarded sup- 
 ply-trains and performed picket duty near Ely's Ford. 
 
120 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 On the 9th of October Company D, under the command 
 of Lieutenant Dickerson, was dispatched to Point Lookout, 
 Md., to capture blockade-runners, guard prisoners of war, 
 and perform picket duty on the outside lines. 
 
 The efforts of the enemy successfully to invade the 
 Northern States had utterly failed. On the other hand, 
 the National troops had regained the control of Kentucky 
 and Tennessee, together with parts of Alabama and Mis- 
 sissippi, and the greater part of Arkansas and Louisiana, 
 and had restored the free navigation of the Mississippi 
 River, 
 
CHAPTER XL 
 
 Operations near Point Lookout, Md. — The Reconnaissance to Barnett's Ford — 
 The Cavalry Raid to Charlottesville— The Campaign in the Wilderness and 
 Sheridan's Raid towards Richmond— The Campaign in the Valley of the 
 Shenandoah— Sheridan's last Raid and the Richmond Campaign of 1805 — 
 The Surrender at Appomattox Court-House. 
 
 The regiment encamped near Mitchell's Station, on the 
 Orange and Alexandria Railway, during the winter of 
 1863-64. 
 
 Company D was employed, under the command of Lieu- 
 tenant Dickerson, at Leonardtown and Point Lookout, 
 Md., in making reconnaissances through the country bor- 
 dering on the Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River. 
 On the 13th of January, 1864, it embarked at Point Look- 
 out for Virginia and participated in General Marston's 
 raid through the counties of Northumberland, Richland, 
 and Lancaster, and destroyed a quantity of supplies and 
 captured a number of horses, mules, and cattle ; and on 
 the 13th of April the company and a part of Company A, 
 with other troops, under the command of General Hinks, 
 crossed the Potomac and landed at Ragged Point, Va., 
 where, after some skirmishing, the enemy were defeated, 
 and a large quantity of tobacco and several buildings oc- 
 cupied for storage purposes were captured and destroyed. 
 The company continued to serve at Leonardtown and 
 Point Lookout until July, 1864, when it rejoined the regi- 
 ment in time to participate in the battle of Deep Bottom. 
 
 The regiment, commanded by Captain Mason, marched 
 with the regular brigade and other troops, under the im- 
 mediate command of General Merritt, from the camp near 
 Mitchell's Station on the 6th of February, 1864, for the 
 purpose of ascertaining the position and probable strength 
 
122 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 of the Army of Northern Virginia, and was engaged with 
 the enemy on the 7th at Barnett's Ford ; and on the 27th 
 it participated, under the command of Captain Arnold, in 
 General Custer's raid towards Charlottesville, which was 
 made for the purpose of creating a diversion in favor of 
 General Kilpatrick, who was returning from an expedition 
 towards Richmond. The command marched from Mitchell's 
 Station and encamped near Culpepper Court-House during 
 the night of the 27th, and pushed on the next day to Madi- 
 son Court-House, where it bivouacked until three o'clock 
 a.m. of the 29th, when the raiders, with the regiment lead- 
 ing the advance, crossed the Rapidan at Banks' Mill Ford 
 and marched in the direction of Charlottesville, at the junc- 
 tion of the Virginia Central and Orange and Alexandria 
 Railways, and engaged the enemy at that place, driving 
 in the pickets and creating much consternation by their 
 unexpected presence. Captain Ash with his squadron 
 charged the camp of the enemy's artillery, and captured 
 and destroyed six caissons, harness, forage-wagons, and 
 burned the camp and stables in the presence of the 
 enemy and under a fire from three guns. General Custer 
 then retired to Stanardsville, where he encamped until 
 the morning of the 1st of March, when he marched in the 
 direction of Madison Court-House, having first engaged 
 the enemy in a spirited skirmish in which the regiment 
 captured twenty prisoners. The command was skirmish- 
 ing with the enemy during the entire day, and charges and 
 countercharges were hourly occurrences. Towards even- 
 ing the command had an exciting episode at Morton's 
 Ford, where General Custer made a demonstration which 
 caused the enemy to believe that he intended to cross 
 at that place. He continued his manoeuvres until the 
 enemy had fully prepared to resist his passage, when he 
 suddenly changed direction by the flank, and, before the 
 enemy had time to recover from the surprise occasioned 
 by his sudden change of front, effected a crossing at Banks' 
 Mill Ford and rode into camp at Mitchell's Station about 
 
TIIE NARRATIVE. 123 
 
 ten o'clock p.m. The weather was intensely cold during 
 the entire raid, which, considering the time consumed and 
 the number of men engaged, was one of the most daring 
 of the war and caused the enemy to believe that an exten- 
 sive movement was in progress against their left flank. 
 
 Companies B, F, and K, under the command of Captain 
 Mason, were assigned on the 24th of March to duty at 
 General Grant's headquarters. At a later date detach- 
 ments of companies C and D were added to the battalion, 
 which served at the headquarters of the army until the end 
 of the war, and participated in the general engagements of 
 the Army of the Potomac about Richmond and Petersburg, 
 and in the closing campaign of 1865. 
 
 The regimental headquarters and three squadrons (C, E, 
 G, H, I, and M), under the command of Captain Arnold, 
 started from near Culpepper, Va., on the 4th of May, to 
 participate in the memorable campaign of the Wilderness 
 (the greater parts of companies A and D were at Point 
 Lookout, Md.), and a few days later were engaged in the 
 battle of Todd's Tavern, where Captain Ash was killed 
 while gallantly endeavoring to rally a panic-stricken regi- 
 ment of infantry. 
 
 When the regiment was withdrawn from Spottsylvania 
 it accompanied General Sheridan on his raid towards Rich- 
 mond, and was engaged at Beaver Dam, Yellow Tavern, 
 Meadow Bridge, Mechanicsville, and in other combats of 
 less importance. The regiment was cut off at Beaver Dam, 
 and attempted by a gallant charge to force a passage 
 through the enemy's lines ; but, failing of success, it 
 sought the shelter of a wood on the right, and finally 
 succeeded in rejoining the main body, but not until it had 
 lost two officers, sixty-eight men, and forty-three horses. 
 
 The regiment rejoined the army at Hanover Court-House 
 and was held in reserve on the left at the bat tit 1 of Cold 
 Harbor, and soon thereafter accompanied General Slini- 
 dan on a raid towards Gordonsville, and was engaged in 
 the battle of Trevillian Station, where Lieutenant Henley, 
 
124 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 three men, and twenty-three horses were killed, and eight 
 men were wounded and captured, and on the 28th of July 
 the headquarters and four squadrons (companies A and D 
 having rejoined), under the command of Lieutenant Maley, 
 engaged the enemy at Deep Bottom, where four men were 
 killed and Lieutenants Maley and Urban and nine men 
 were wounded. 
 
 The regiment was then transferred to the Shenandoah 
 Valley, and participated in General Sheridan's brilliant 
 campaign of August-October, 1864, and was engaged in 
 the actions and skirmishes near Winchester, Shepherds- 
 town, Front Royal, Kearneysville, White Post, Smithfield, 
 Berry ville, Milford, and Luray ; the cavalry action at 
 Woodstock, and in the battles of Winchester (where four 
 officers and twenty-two men were killed, wounded, and 
 captured while charging the enemy) and Cedar Creek ; 
 and during November and December it participated in 
 General Merritt's raid into Loudon Valley and in Gen- 
 eral Torbett's raid towards Gordonsville, and was engaged 
 in the affairs at Madison Court-House, Gordonsville, and 
 Paris. 
 
 The regiment was then stationed at Camp Russell, near 
 Winchester, until the 27th of February, 1865, when it 
 marched with General Sheridan's twelve thousand un- 
 rivaled sabres on his last raid and en route to rejoin the 
 Army of the Potomac. After driving the enemy from their 
 position near the bridge over Staunton River the regiment 
 passed through Staunton, and thence to Waynesboro, 
 Charlottesville, and New Market, destroying the river 
 embankments and canal-locks from Scottsville to Bent's 
 Creek, and skirmished with the enemy on the opposite 
 side of the river, and then returned to New Market and 
 continued the march through Scottsville and Columbus, 
 crossed the South Anna bridge on the 12th of March, par- 
 ticipated in the destruction of the railway at Poolesville, 
 charged the enemy's works at Taylors ville and captured 
 three Parrott guns, a large number of small arms, and a 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 125 
 
 quantity of ammunition. The regiment then marched to 
 Hanover Court-House and White House Landing, and 
 crossed the Pamunkey River on the 19th, where it en- 
 camped until the 25th, when it crossed the Chickahominy 
 and arrived in front of Petersburg on the 26th. The 
 next day the cavalry was moved to Hancock's Station, 
 in rear of the extreme left, where the Second Cavalry 
 Division joined, and on the 29th the entire corps moved 
 out to raid in General Lee's rear, cut the Southside Rail- 
 way, and then effect a junction with General Sherman in 
 the Carolinas ; but the programme was suddenly changed 
 and the corps was ordered to attack the enemy's right 
 flank, which movement brought on the actions near Five 
 Forks (Captain Leib wounded) and Dinwiddie Court- 
 House on the 31st, where the cavalry held in check two 
 divisions of the enemy, and the battle of Five Forks on 
 the 1st of April (Captain Drummond killed). 
 
 On the 3d of April the cavalry corps began to raid around 
 the enemy, and the regiment was engaged in a number of 
 skirmishes until the 9th of April, 1865, when it had the 
 honor to witness the surrender of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia at Appomattox Court-House, which was the 
 beginning of the end of the rebellion against the United 
 States. 
 
 The regiment was soon moved to Petersburg, and thence 
 through Richmond to Bladensburg, at which place the 
 headquarters and companies A, E, G, H, I, and M were 
 ordered to take station at Cumberland, Md., and compa- 
 nies B, C, D, F, and K, under the command of Captain 
 Mason, were assigned to duty at the headquarters of the 
 army at Washington, D. C, to which place the headquar- 
 ters were transferred in October, 1865, and about the 
 same time several companies were ordered to the Southern 
 States to assist the civil authorities in re-establishing law 
 and order. 
 
 No such conspiracy as the rebellion against the United 
 States, so perfectly organized and admirably commanded, 
 
126 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 ever threatened the unity of any nation. The National 
 troops were surpassed during the first years of the war by 
 the enemy, whose fighting qualities were superb and whose 
 courage was magnificent ; but the defeat of the rebellion 
 was so thoroughly accomplished that it is not probable 
 any like insurrection will be again attempted against the 
 government of the United States. 
 
 Nearly eighteen years ago the sword was sheathed be- 
 tween the North and South. The dead of the conflict have 
 sacred sepulture, and stately monuments have been erected 
 on hillside and plain where battles once raged, on which 
 are inscribed in glowing words the story of the matchless 
 heroism of American soldiers. Peace has spread her wings 
 over the desolations of the terrible conflict, and Law and 
 Liberty are the declared attributes of constitutional gov- 
 ernment for all classes within the United States. For such 
 a nation the truth of history is the grandest monument. 
 
Xl.vi.' i-EN .\V. I I E M ORT 
 
Fourth Period— 18G6-1868, 
 
 KECONSTKUCTION DUTY IN THE SOUTHERN STATES. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Distribution of Companies to Stations in the Southern States— Nature of the 
 Services performed— Guerrilla Affairs at Hartsville and Black Jack, Tcnu. 
 
 The headquarters of the regiment were stationed at 
 Washington, D. C, from October, 1865, to July, 1869, 
 when they were transferred to Fort McPherson, Neb. 
 
 Companies A, B, F, H, I, L, and M were employed 
 from October, 1865, to September, 1868, and companies 
 C, D, E, and G were employed from October, 1865, to 
 March and April, 1869, in Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, 
 Alabama, Mississippi, Virginia, and the Carolinas, under 
 the reconstruction acts of Congress, which provided for 
 a reorganization of the governments of the States lately 
 engaged in the rebellion against the United States. 
 
 The companies were distributed as follows : 
 
 Companies B, D, E, and M were withdrawn from Cum- 
 berland, Md., and Washington, D. C, in October, 1865, 
 and moved by rail to Nashville, Tenn., from which place 
 they were afterwards dispatched into Kentucky, Alabama, 
 and Mississippi as their services were required. 
 
 Companies A, H, I, and L were withdrawn from Cum- 
 berland, Md., in January, 1866, and moved by rail to 
 Baltimore, and thence by water to Charleston, S. C, for 
 service in the Carolinas. 
 
 Company F served at Washington, D. C, until April, 
 
128 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 1866, when it was marched to New Market, Va., and 
 thence to Winchester, Va., where it served until May, 
 
 1867, when it was transferred to Richmond, Va. 
 Companies C and Gr served at Washington, D. C, un- 
 til April, 1867, when they Were moved by rail to Atlanta, 
 Ga. 
 
 Company K continued to serve with the headquarters of 
 the army until March, 1870, when it was moved by rail 
 and water to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo. 
 
 The companies stationed in the Southern States during 
 this period were employed in carrying into effect the re- 
 construction measures of Congress, and they acted in con- 
 cert with the civil authorities in preserving peace, main- 
 taining order, and capturing outlaws and guerrillas. The 
 officers and men were unusually active, and the duties 
 devolved upon them, although in many respects foreign 
 to the profession of arms, were met and discharged in 
 good faith and with such a spirit as to win the hearty 
 commendations of the citizens, who, while they viewed 
 with disfavor the measures devised by Congress for the 
 reorganization of the governments of the States lately in 
 rebellion, gave the army full credit for the humane con- 
 duct and thoughtful consideration which characterized its 
 administration of the law. 
 
 Lieutenant Price, with Company B, was attacked by a 
 band of guerrillas at Hartsville, Tenn., during the night 
 of October 17, 1866. The outlaws were repulsed and dis- 
 persed with a loss of several killed and wounded. 
 
 Captain Leib with his command surprised and captured 
 a band of guerrillas at Black Jack, Tenn., November 18, 
 1866. 
 
 These were the only conflicts during the reconstruction 
 service between the regiment and the lawless element 
 which at that time infested the Southern States. 
 
 The men who had fought in the Confederate armies, with 
 rare exceptions, zealously supported the army in its efforts 
 to maintain order and enforce the laws. Nevertheless the 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 129 
 
 rank and file of the regiment were well pleased when 
 seven companies were ordered, in September, 1868, to the 
 western frontier of Kansas for service against the hostile 
 Indians of the Plains. 
 
 In March and April, 1869, the companies remaining in 
 the Southern States (C and Gr at Atlanta, Ga., and D and 
 E at Jackson, Miss.) were transferred to Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., where they arrived in May and Jane. 
 
Fifth Period— 18G8-1871. 
 
 SERVICE ON THE PLAINS FROM THE CANADIAN RIVER, IN 
 TEXAS, TO THE NIOBRARA RIVER, IN NEBRASKA. 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Concentration of Companies at Fort Barker, Kan., and the Reconnaissance 
 to the Republican River— Affair on Prairie Dog Creek— Pursuit of the 
 Sioux and Cheyennes, and Engagements at Shuter Creek and on the North 
 Branch of Solomon River— The Expedition from Fort Lyon, Col., to the 
 Canadian River, Texas. 
 
 The rapid construction of the railways across Kansas 
 and Nebraska which inclosed the extensive and fertile 
 valleys of the Republican River and its tributaries had 
 aroused the determined opposition of the Sioux, Arapa- 
 hoes, and Cheyennes, who regarded the hunting-grounds 
 of that region as their private property. They constituted 
 the model irregular light cavalry of North America, and 
 were formidable when armed only with lances, bows and 
 arrows ; but when they acquired the breech-loading rifle 
 and metallic cartridge, which permitted them to load and 
 lire when mounted and at a gallop, they became more for- 
 midable than ever. They marched easily from forty to 
 sixty miles a day, and employed scouts and small hunting 
 parties, who were constantly operating from ten to twenty 
 miles in every direction from their villages, and who al- 
 ways promptly informed them of the movements of the 
 troops ; and they were thus almost invariably enabled 
 to choose their own time and place of combat, or avoid 
 it altogether it' they desired to do so. The building of 
 the railways and other causes of less magnitude finally 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 131 
 
 incited these Indians to begin a merciless war against the 
 settlers, in the vain hope that they might be able to check 
 the occupation of the country ; and while the cruelty of 
 their mode of warfare is unsparingly denounced, the cour- 
 age with which they fought against the irresistible march 
 of civilization will always command the admiration of the 
 soldiers who conquered them. 
 
 It became evident during the summer of 18G8 that the 
 troops serving on the borders of Kansas, Nebraska, and 
 Colorado must be reinforced for the purpose of defeating 
 the warlike purposes of the disaffected Indians who roamed 
 through that part of the country, and accordingly orders 
 were issued in September transferring seven companies of 
 the regiment from the Southern States to the scene of 
 threatening hostilities. 
 
 Companies A and I started from Raleigh, N. C, on the 
 13th, and moved by rail to Columbus, Ky., thence by 
 water to St. Louis, and thence by rail to Fort Harker, 
 Kan., where they arrived on the 27th. Company M 
 started from Gallatin, Tenn., on the 11th, and moved by 
 rail to Nashville, where it was joined by Conqmny B, and 
 the squadron then moved by water to St. Louis, where it 
 was joined by Company F, which had started from Rich- 
 mond, Va.. on the 8th. The three companies then moved 
 by rail to Fort Harker, Kan., where they arrived on the 
 25th. Companies H and L started from Aiken, S. C, on 
 the 12th, and moved by rail to Columbus, Ky., thence by 
 water to St. Louis, and thence by rail to Fort Harker, 
 Kan., where they arrived on the 23d. 
 
 The surpassing promptness with which these companies 
 moved from widely separated posts in the Southern States, 
 their concentration at a distant station in Kansas, and 
 immediate pursuit of the enemy, were made the subjects 
 of congratulation and commendation in general orders.* 
 
 The battalion, under the command of Major Royal 1, 
 marched from Fort Harker on the 1st of October, and, 
 
 * Kegimental Orders No. 92, Headquarters Fifth Cavalry. November 2. L868 
 
132 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 after examining the country to Fort Hays, made a recon- 
 naissance north of the Kansas Pacific Railway to Prairie 
 Dog Creek, whence two detachments were dispatched on 
 the 12th (companies B, F, and M under the command of 
 Captain Brown, and companies A, H, and I under the 
 command of Captain Urban) to Beaver Creek and the 
 Republican River, some miles farther north. During their 
 absence Company L, which had remained in camp with 
 Major Royall, was attacked by the Cheyennes and Dog 
 soldiers, under Tall Bull, on the 14th, and suffered a loss 
 of two men killed and wounded and twenty-six horses 
 captured by the enemy. 
 
 When the detachments returned from Beaver Creek and 
 the Republican River, the battalion started from Prairie 
 Dog Creek and examined the country to Buffalo Tank on 
 the railway, where it arrived on the 22d, when Major Carr 
 joined and assumed the command. The next day the bat- 
 talion marched northward towards the Republican River, 
 and at half -past two o'clock p.m. of the 25th the advance- 
 guard (M) met the Sioux and Cheyennes and drove them 
 across Beaver Creek, when the entire force engaged the 
 enemy in a running fight for six miles, their number con- 
 stantly increasing until they were about five hundred 
 strong and well mounted. The combat continued until 
 nightfall, when the enemy retired, having suffered a loss of 
 about thirty killed and wounded. The pursuit was con- 
 tinued on the 26th, and the Indians skirmished with the 
 battalion during the entire day, and gave frequent exhibi- 
 tions of personal dash and gallantry which elicited hearty 
 and generous applause. Nightfall found the troopers at 
 the north branch of Solomon River, where a bivouac was 
 established until the next morning, when the pursuit 
 was renewed and continued to the north side of the Repub- 
 lican River with occasional encounters. The Indians then 
 turned and retreated southward to Beaver Creek and down 
 that stream, with the troopers in vigorous pursuit, until 
 the 31st, when the enemy suddenly disappeared like a 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 133 
 
 mist before the morning sun. Major Carr then marched 
 to Fort Wallace, Kan., and thence, about three weeks 
 later, to Fort Lyon, Col., where he arrived on the 29th of 
 November, and on the 2d of December the battalion under 
 his command started from that station and marched 
 south in the middle of a severe winter to Cimarron Creek, 
 then down the stream into New Mexico and the Indian 
 Territory, and thence by the way of San Francisco Creek 
 to the Canadian River, Texas, where it arrived on the 
 28th. The battalion remained in that vicinity for some 
 weeks and then started for Fort Lyon, where it arrived on 
 the 19th of February, 1869, without having encountered 
 hostile Indians or accomplished any material results, 
 although the companies were conspicuous for their energy, 
 untiring pursuit, and rapid movements. Company L made 
 one march of seventy-five miles in twenty-six hours during 
 a blinding snow-storm. 
 
 The operations of the fall and winter of 1868-69, alike 
 honorable to the officers and men, indicated that the regi- 
 ment had maintained its well-earned reputation for dash 
 and bravery in Indian warfare. 
 
CHAPTEE XIV. 
 
 Field Operations from Fort Lyon to Fort McPherson — Combats on Beaver and 
 Spring Creeks — The Republican River Expedition — Battle of Summit 
 Springs — The Niobrara Pursuit — Affair on Prairie Dog Creek — Assignment 
 to Stations in Nebraska and Wyoming — Affairs on Red Willow and Bird- 
 wood Creeks. 
 
 The battalion encamped near Fort Lyon until the 1st 
 of May, 1869, when it marched, under Major Carr, by the 
 way of Cheyenne Wells to Sheridan, and thence across 
 the country to Fort McPherson, Neb. 
 
 The command arrived at Beaver Creek on the afternoon 
 of the 13th, and had hardly encamped when Indian signs 
 were discovered. Lieutenant Ward, with a small force, 
 was dispatched on a reconnaissance, and five miles down 
 the stream he discovered a large village and succeeded in 
 withdrawing without creating an alarm ; but while hasten- 
 ing back to the cavalry camp he encountered a number 
 of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors who were returning from 
 a buffalo hunt. The meeting was wholly unexpected by 
 either party, and, during the temporary confusion which 
 ensued, the guide, William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill), de- 
 tached himself from the troopers and rode rapidly to- 
 wards the cavalry camp, while Lieutenant Ward gal- 
 lantly held the enemy in check until Cody was safely 
 beyond danger, when, being outnumbered, he adopted a 
 defensive' policy and slowly retired. Meanwhile the In- 
 dians had dispatched couriers to the village, and in a 
 short time five hundred warriors appeared in battle array 
 to cover the retreat of their women and children. 
 
 About three o'clock p.m. the cavalry moved out and 
 engaged the enemy in a combat which continued until 
 nightfall. They stubbornly contested the advance of the 
 
THE NARRATIVE. L35 
 
 i roopers, who persistently pushed the fighting and inflicted 
 ;i severe punishment upon the warriors, who deemed no 
 sacrifice too great to prevent the capture of their lodges 
 and families ; but so soon as the night came they aban- 
 doned bhe field and retreated with their women and 
 children towards the Republican River, while the troopers 
 were compelled to bivouac until the arrival of the wagon- 
 train, which did not join until after midnight, The 
 Indians suffered a loss of thirty killed and wounded. 
 Major Carr had seven men killed and wounded, and he 
 narrowly escaped being killed. 
 
 The enemy were pursued to the north side of the Re- 
 publican River, and thence to Spring Creek, where they 
 were overtaken about noon of the 16th, and another com- 
 bat ensued, during which Lieutenants Babcock and Volk- 
 mar, and Company M (as advance-guard), were distin- 
 guished for their admirable conduct and courageous bear- 
 ing while cut off from the command and surrounded 
 by the savages. As at Beaver Creek, the warriors only 
 fought for time to enable their families to escape, but the 
 impetuosity of the troopers soon forced them into a hasty 
 flight across the Republican River, which continued until 
 they were south of Beaver Creek, during which they 
 abandoned ponies, lodges, and supplies, and were only 
 too glad to escape with their women and children. The 
 pursuit was finally abandoned towards evening, and the 
 troopers returned to the north side of the Republican 
 River, where they bivouacked until the morning of the 
 17th, when they marched up Spring Creek, crossed the 
 divide, to the Platte River, and arrived at Fort McPkerson 
 on the 20th of May. 
 
 It was at once decided to make a campaign in the Re- 
 publican River country, and four squadrons of the regi- 
 ment (A, B, C, D, E, G, H, and M), with Major Frank 
 North's Pawnee scouts and the celebrated guide, William F. 
 Cody, under Major Carr, were selected for the expedition. 
 Everything being in readiness, this splendidly mounted 
 
136 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 and thoroughly equipped cavalry force marched from Fort 
 McPlierson, on the 9th of June, to the Republican River, 
 and began a series of vigorous movements which not only 
 resulted in frequent combats and encounters, but also 
 taught the enemy that a master of the methods of Indian 
 warfare was directing the operations against them. 
 
 About five o'clock p.m. on the 15th of June, when the 
 command was encamped on the Republican River, a party 
 of marauding Cheyennes made a bold attempt to capture 
 the train mules while they were at water. Companies A, 
 B, and M, under Major Royall, were dispatched in a pur- 
 suit which continued until nightfall, and they did not 
 rejoin the camp until after midnight. 
 
 On the 5 th of July companies A, E, and M and fifty 
 Pawnee scouts, under Major Royall, while making a re- 
 connaissance to the right of the column, surprised and 
 defeated with some loss a party of Cheyennes in the sand- 
 hills near Frenchman's Fork ; and on the afternoon of the 
 8th Corporal Kyle and three men of Company M had a 
 brilliant affair at Dog Creek, where, although surrounded 
 by thirteen Sioux warriors, they succeeded in killing 
 three and compelling the others to retreat north of the 
 Republican River, when they leisurely retired and re- 
 joined the command twelve miles below. About midnight 
 of the 8th the enemy made a vigorous attack upon the 
 camp, for the purpose of stampeding the mules and 
 horses, but they only succeeded in wounding two Pawnee 
 scouts. 
 
 About this time it became known that the enemy held 
 as captives two white women whom they had captured on 
 the Solomon River about the 1st of June, and as it was 
 evident that they were preparing to march northward, 
 by the way of the Laramie Plains and the Black Hills 
 of Wyoming, to the Powder River country, it became a 
 matter of the utmost importance to intercept them and 
 rescue the unfortunate women before they could cross the 
 South Platte River. 
 
THE NAKKATIVE. 137 
 
 Major Carr accordingly pushed his Pawnee scouts for- 
 ward, and, having ascertained the general direction in 
 whicli the Indians were retreating, moved his command 
 by rapid inarches beyond their right flank, and gained a 
 position in their front from which he was enabled to strike 
 a blow that almost annihilated them. To accomplish this 
 brilliant result forced marches were made until the even- 
 ing of the 10th, when the troopers encamped on French- 
 man' s Fork, about twenty-four hours behind the enemy. 
 About two o'clock a.m. of the 11th three squadrons (A, 
 C, D, E, G, H) and the Pawnee scouts — leaving Company 
 M to escort the wagon-train — renewed the pursuit, whicli 
 was continued until the South Platte River was seen from 
 the bluffs on the south side. A squadron (E and Gf) with 
 one hundred scouts, under Major Roy all, were dispatched 
 on a reconnaissance along the river-bank to ascertain if 
 the enemy had succeeded in effecting a crossing, although 
 it was believed that their right flank had been turned and 
 that they were then to the left rear of the column. This 
 belief was soon confirmed by the arrival of the guide, 
 William F. Cody, who reported large herds of ponies about 
 six miles distant in a south-westerly direction, which was 
 indubitable evidence that Tall Bull and his warriors were 
 encamped and unconscious of approaching peril, as the 
 pickets, who were watching their rear, had made no dan- 
 ger signals, and the possibility of a successful flank move- 
 ment never occurred to them, because it did not seem 
 practicable for the cavalry to march one hundred and fifty 
 miles in four days and pass their flank without being dis- 
 covered. 
 
 When the position of the village was reasonably located 
 Major Carr made a detour towards the north-west, and 
 marched rapidly behind ridges and through ravines until 
 about half -past one o'clock p.m., when he halted the cav- 
 alry about six miles south of the old Valley Station on the 
 South Platte River and one mile north of Summit Springs, 
 where the village was supposed to be located. The ground 
 
138 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 between the troopers and the Springs was an open plain, 
 and the plan of the attack was soon arranged. Captain 
 Walker, with his company, was assigned to the left, and 
 Lieutenant Price, with Company A, was assigned to the 
 right. They were instructed to turn the enemy's flanks, 
 dash to the rear, and capture the herds, which could be 
 plainly seen grazing on a hillside about two miles south, 
 and, as was rightly conjectured, also south of the village. 
 Captains Sumner and Maley, with their companies and 
 the Pawnee scouts, were to charge upon the enemy's front. 
 Company A had first to move about five hundred yards to 
 the right for position, and Major Carr waited until Lieu- 
 tenant Price signaled that he was read}-, when the line 
 moved forward at a slow trot until it appeared upon the 
 level of the plain and about twelve hundred yards from 
 the village. At this moment an Indian, superbly mounted 
 on a white pony, was seen to dash from the herd. He had 
 discovered the cavalry and instantly recognized the su- 
 preme peril' of the hour. His direct and terrific pace in- 
 formed Major Carr exactly where to deliver his blow, and it 
 was of the utmost importance to strike the village before 
 the warriors could be informed of the approaching dan- 
 ger. A hard gale from the west prevented the Indians in 
 the village from hearing the noise made by the advancing 
 line of cavalry, while the warning shouts of the herder 
 who was riding a race with death counted as nothing 
 against the fury of the winds. It was a moment of in- 
 tense suspense. If only one Indian should chance to ap- 
 pear on the edge of the plain and discover the troopers 
 the advantage gained by the forced march and brilliant 
 flank movement would be instantly lost ; or if the herder 
 should gain the village but one minute before the advanc- 
 ing cavalry could strike it the advantage arising from a 
 complete surprise would also be lost. The herder had not 
 advanced twenty yards towards the village when the chief 
 trumpeter was ordered to sound the- charge. Only those 
 who were near him could hear the short, sharp notes, but 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 139 
 
 every man saw him going through the motions. That was 
 enough. AH know Hum there was only one call to sound 
 then ; and away dashed the gallant troopers in one of the 
 most superb charges ever made by the Fifth Cavalry. The 
 spurs sunk deep in the Hanks of the good but jaded horses, 
 who, seeming to understand the necessity of the occasion, 
 responded with a magnificent burst of speed. 
 
 As the herder came on the edge of the ravine on the 
 south side the troopers appeared" on the edge of the ravine 
 on the north side, and there was the prize only fifty yards 
 from the charging line, and with ringing cheers the regi- 
 ment struck the doomed village. Lieutenant Price turned 
 the enemy's left Hank, and, dashing to the rear, killed 
 seven warriors and captured three hundred animals. Cap- 
 tains Sumner and Maley charged through the village and 
 drove everything before them. Captain Walker, while 
 endeavoring to turn the enemy's right flank, encountered 
 an ugly side-ravine, which delayed his progress and per- 
 mitted a number of the enemy to escape. The Pawnee 
 scouts charged with the troopers and were free lances, rid- 
 ing everywhere. The herder died fighting in the centre of 
 the village, and his pony was killed with him. 
 
 The attack, although made about two o'clock p.:\r., was 
 a complete surprise. The troopers were not seen by any 
 of the enemy, except the herder, until they were within 
 fifty yards of the village and charging upon it at a terrific 
 pace. The warriors had no time to seize their arms or 
 secure the ponies. They were completely dazed and be- 
 wildered, and fled panic-stricken in every direction. 
 
 Major Royall and his command joined just as the vil- 
 lage was captured and participated in the subsequent 
 operations. 
 
 The village, numbering eighty-four lodges, was rich in 
 everything pertaining to Indian wealth. The Indians were 
 Sioux, Cheyennes, and Arapahoes, under the leadership 
 of Tall Pull, who had been for some years a scourge to 
 the frontier settlements. The bands had intended to sepa- 
 
140 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 rate that morning and abandon the country, as the troops 
 were too strong for them ; but they delayed at the Springs, 
 at the suggestion of the medicine-man and against the ad- 
 vice of Tall Bull, and agreed to separate on the morning 
 of the 12th. This delay of twenty-four hours, so fatal to 
 them, gave peace to the western frontiers of Kansas and 
 Nebraska for all time. Tall Bull and sixty of his war- 
 riors were killed and as many more were wounded. A 
 number of women and children were captured and sent 
 to a northern agency. Four hundred and eighteen ani- 
 mals were captured, and ten thousand pounds of dried 
 meat, eighty-four lodges complete, one thousand buffalo- 
 robes, seventy-eight rifles and revolvers, and a large quan- 
 tity of supplies and camp equipage were destroyed. 
 
 Mrs. Alderdice was killed by a squaw and Mrs. Weichel 
 w r as wounded by a warrior at the moment the village 
 was captured. The first was given Christian burial on 
 the field, and the other was taken to Fort Sedgwick, 
 Col., where she recovered. About thirteen hundred dol- 
 lars were found in the village, and of this amount nine 
 hundred dollars were given to Mrs. Weichel. 
 
 The attack was so impetuous and the surprise so com- 
 plete that no casualties occurred among the troopers, but 
 a number of horses died of exhaustion. The company 
 commanders who led the charge against the village were re- 
 commended for brevet commissions. Complimentary or- 
 ders were issued by the colonel of the regiment and the 
 department commander. The division commander tele- 
 graphed his congratulations, and the Legislature of Ne- 
 braska passed joint resolutions of thanks to Major Carr 
 and the officers and men of the regiment " for their heroic 
 courage and perseverance in the campaign against hostile 
 Indians on the frontier of the State in July, 1869, driving 
 the enemy from its border and achieving a victory at Sum- 
 mit Springs, Col., by which the people of the State w r ere 
 freed from the ravages of the merciless savages." 
 
 This battle ended Indian terrorism in Kansas and 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 141 
 
 Nebraska. The savages had never before received such 
 a stunning blow in any engagement. Wandering bands, 
 notably the Cheyennes in the fall of 1878, have since 
 occasionally created some alarm, but it can be written 
 that for years Kansas and Nebraska have been as secure 
 against Indian outrages as Iowa and Missouri. 
 
 Considered as a complete success, the battle of Summit 
 Springs takes rank with Wichita Village ; but in a broader 
 sense it was of infinitely greater importance, as it for- 
 ever secured to the white race the undisputed and unmo- 
 lested possession of the Republican River and its tribu- 
 taries. 
 
 The expedition then marched to Fort Sedgwick, and 
 encamped until the 2d of August, when, as reorganized, 
 companies C, D, F, Gr, H, I, and L, and Major Frank 
 North's Pawnee scouts, and the guide, William F. Cody, 
 under Major Royall, marched south with the intention of 
 following Frenchman's Fork to the Republican River ; but 
 when ten miles south of Fort Sedgwick the scouts discov- 
 ered Pawnee Killer' s band of Sioux, who immediately re- 
 treated towards Frenchman's Fork. They were pursued 
 to that stream, and thence northward across the South 
 and North Platte rivers to the Niobrara River, in Northern 
 Nebraska, until the 11th of August, when, both horses 
 and rations being exhausted, the cavalry returned to the 
 North Platte River and moved by easy marches down 
 that stream to Fort McPherson, where the command 
 arrived on the 22d, and another reorganization of the ex- 
 pedition, consisting of companies B, E, F, L, and M, with 
 two companies of the Second Cavalry, Major Frank North's 
 Pawnee scouts, and the guide, William F. Cody, under 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Duncan, set out from that station on 
 the 15th of September for the Republican River and 
 operated chiefly in the country which had been examined 
 in June and July ; and on the 26th Lieutenants Price and 
 Volkmar, with the headquarters detachment and a few 
 Pawnee scouts, encountered Whistler's band of Sioux on 
 
142 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 Prairie Dog Creek and pursued them so closely that they 
 abandoned a part of their village, which was destroyed 
 the next morning. It was afterwards learned that the 
 band traveled ninety miles without halting, and thereafter 
 marched as rapidly as possible until they arrived at the 
 Standing Rock Agency. 
 
 The expedition returned to Fort McPherson on the 28th 
 of October and was disbanded. The regimental headquar- 
 ters and companies F, H, I, L, and M were assigned to 
 that post, and companies A, B, C, D, E, and Of were or- 
 dered to take station at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo. All the 
 companies were in winter quarters before the end of the 
 year, and only a few changes were thereafter made in the 
 stations during the tour of service in the Department of 
 the Platte. 
 
 During December Lieutenant Burns, with a detachment 
 of Company K, had two encounters with illicit distillers 
 at Walnut Hill, Lee County, Ya,, in which two men were 
 wounded. This officer destroyed during the fall and winter 
 of 1869 one hundred and three illicit distilleries in Virginia, 
 Tennessee, and North Carolina. 
 
 Lieutenant Thomas, with a detachment of Company I, 
 set out from Fort McPherson on the 7th of June, 1870, in 
 pursuit of marauding Indians who had stolen stock from 
 citizens in the vicinity. He started without rations and 
 pushed ahead at a gallop whenever possible, crossing with 
 some difficulty a deep stream with swampy approaches. 
 He was delayed to examine camps and side-trails, and 
 encountered rain with danger of losing the trail, which he 
 followed until darkness set in, when he had his men stand 
 to horse until daybreak the next morning, when he renewed 
 the pursuit, and an hour later overtook and charged the 
 marauders, who lied in every direction and abandoned 
 everything except the horses on which they were mounted. 
 Lieutenant Thomas pursued them beyond Red Willow 
 Creek, and destroyed their camp equipage, recovered the 
 stolen stock, and captured other animals— in all thirty- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 143 
 
 three mules, horses, and ponies. He then returned to his 
 station, where he arrived at seven o'clock p.m. oh the 8th, 
 after a march of one hundred and twenty miles in two 
 days. 
 
 Lieutenant Hayes, with a detachment of the regiment, 
 set out from Fort McPherson on the 23d of May, 1871, for 
 Birdwood Creek, Neb., where, on the 24th, he surprised 
 and captured a party of Sioux, together with sixt} r mules 
 and horses. 
 
 The companies were employed in the usual garrison 
 duties at their respective stations, having occasional tours 
 of field-service, until November, 1871, when the regiment 
 was ordered to distant service in the Military Division of 
 the Pacific. 
 
Sixth Period— 1872-1875. 
 
 ARIZONA AND THE APACHE CAMPAIGN'S. 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 Across the Continent— Topography of Arizona— Aztec and Toltec Ruins— The 
 Apache Campaigns. 
 
 In compliance with orders from the War Department, 
 dated November 1, 1871, the regiment was relieved from 
 duty in Nebraska and Wyoming, and ordered to field- 
 service against the Apaches of Arizona. 
 
 The headquarters and companies A, G, H, I, and L 
 (Company F joining at North Platte), leaving horses and 
 heavy equipments behind, started from Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., on the 27th of November, under Major Carr, and 
 moved by the overland railways to Oakland, Cal., and 
 immediately embarked on the steamship Newbem and 
 sailed down the coast to Cape St. Lucas, and thence up 
 the Gulf of California to Port Isabel, at the mouth of the 
 Colorado River, where they were transferred to the steam- 
 boats Mojave and Colorado, and arrived at Fort Yuma on 
 the 19th of December. As the headquarters and companies 
 received remounts and heavy equipments they started for 
 Fort McDowell, which was designated as the post at which 
 the regiment was to be assembled. 
 
 The second detachment, composed of companies B, C, D, 
 E, K, and M, under Major Crittenden, was assembled at 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo. (where horses and heavy equip- 
 ments were turned in), and then moved from Cheyenne on 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 145 
 
 tlie 12th of December by the overland railways to Oak- 
 land, Cal., and embarked on the steamship Idaho and 
 sailed for Port Isabel, where, upon arrival, the companies 
 were transferred to the steamboats Ifqfave and Colorado, 
 and arrived at Fort Yuma on the 9th of January, 1872. 
 As the companies received their remounts and heavy 
 equipments they started for Maricopa Wells, whence 
 they were instructed to proceed to their respective sta- 
 tions instead of marching to the previously designated 
 rendezvous at Fort McDowell. 
 
 Some changes had been made with reference to contem- 
 plated movements after the first detachment had arrived, 
 but the middle of February found all the companies at 
 their stations and ready for field-service. 
 
 That part of Arizona north of the Gila River was ac- 
 quired from Mexico under the treaty of Guadalupe Hi- 
 dalgo in 1848. That part south of the Gila River was 
 acquired by purchase under the Gadsden treaty of 1853. 
 North-eastern Arizona consists of elevated plateaus from 
 three thousand to eight thousand feet above the level of 
 the sea, with occasional bluffs and volcanic cones rising 
 from five hundred to twenty-five hundred feet above the 
 plateaus. The numerous parallel ranges of mountains 
 have a general north-west and south-east course, and form 
 long valleys in the same direction. The remarkable excep- 
 tions to this general direction are the Mogollon range in 
 the east, which extends nearly east and west and joins the 
 Sierra Blanca, and an east-and-west range extending into 
 ISTew Mexico. The axis of the Black Mountains and the 
 Cerbat range in the north-west is nearly north and south. 
 Southern Arizona is a plain having a slight elevation, 
 about two hundred feet above the level of the ssa, at the 
 mouth of the Gila River. From this plain isolated moun- 
 tains and mountain ranges abruptly rise. In Central Ari- 
 zona the Sierra Prieta and the Aztec range send foot-hills 
 out in every direction, and their flanks sink gradually to 
 the level of the high plateau surrounding the San Francisco 
 10 
 
146 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 Mountain towards the north-east, and to the table-lands 
 sloping towards the Colorado River on the south-west. 
 The San Francisco Mountain, a grand volcanic cone, is 
 eleven thousand feet above the level of the sea. North 
 and north-east of this mountain is an immense table-land, 
 increasing in altitude towards the Utah line, and extending 
 for hundreds of miles. In the Grand Canon of the Colo- 
 rado the waters flow between walls that rise to a perpen- 
 dicular height of seven thousand feet. The mountains of 
 salt in the north-west are among the most remarkable 
 formations to be found in that section, and the deposits 
 are very extensive. 
 
 The ruins scattered throughout the Territory indicate 
 an early civilization, that the land was cultivated, and 
 that silver and copper mines were extensively worked. In 
 the north-west and on the Colorado plateau are pueblos 
 in ruins, containing walls, terraces, acequias, and reser- 
 voirs. The most extensive ruins are found in the Gila 
 Valley, and recent explorations have established the fact 
 that the country drained by the Gila and Colorado rivers 
 was once densely populated. 
 
 Burial urns, containing the ashes of human bodies, are 
 often exhumed, which serve to establish the fact that cre- 
 mation was practiced by the people who once occupied 
 the country. 
 
 Padre Kino wrote, two centuries ago, a description of 
 these ruins, notably of the Casa Grande, a ruin about 
 twelve miles south-east from Florence. No more was 
 known of them then than is known of them now. The 
 acequia which supplied the Casa Grande with water can 
 be traced for fifty miles up the Gila River. It is now 
 fifty feet wide and from six to ten feet deep, and ends 
 in an immense reservoir in which was stored the water- 
 supply for a population estimated at two hundred and 
 fifty thousand. The Spaniards discovered the same ruins 
 in 1535. These people may have been Aztecs or Toltecs ; 
 the Moquis and Zunis may be their descendants ; their 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 147 
 
 history, however, seems to be enveloped in an impene- 
 trable mj-stery. 
 
 It is known, however, as the Spanish settlements ad- 
 vanced northward, that the Apaches became the scourge of 
 the frontier and repelled all efforts to civilize and convert 
 them. No mission was ever established among them. 
 They drew to themselves all the Indians who from time 
 to time broke away from S]^anish rule, and succeeded in 
 driving from Arizona about all the population that was 
 not of their race and blood, and made Sonora the field for 
 their marauding expeditions. 
 
 When the Territory passed into the possession of the 
 United States it was almost exclusively occupied by the 
 Apaches, and its only apparent value was the use sub- 
 sequently made of it — as an overland route for the South- 
 ern Mail Company. A few troops were stationed there, 
 and combats incident to the occupation of a new country 
 followed without any beneficial results, except, perhaps, 
 with the Indians on the Colorado River. 
 
 Two regiments of California volunteers were dispatched 
 there in 1861 to check the operations of a Confederate 
 force and hold the country. The settlers followed the 
 troops as military stations were established, and engaged 
 in the pursuits of a new country, and from that time un- 
 til the arrival of the Fifth Cavalry the history of Arizona 
 had been written in the blood of hundreds of American 
 citizens. 
 
 The few troops stationed there from time to time endured 
 many hardships and encountered many dangers in efforts 
 to subdue the savages, who delighted to revel in carni- 
 vals of crime. They murdered farmers in their fields, 
 miners at their claims, and freighters beside their teams. 
 Promising settlements were abandoned and mining indus- 
 tries were paralyzed. Marauding bands were frequently 
 pursued from the scenes of their outrages directly to the 
 shelter of the reservations, where they could draw supplies 
 to equip themselves for another raid. Peacfe commission- 
 
148 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 ers had labored with them in vain, and, forbearance baring 
 ceased to be a virtue, the President was urged by petition 
 to invest the department commander, Brevet Major-General 
 George Crook, with the control of Indian affairs. It was 
 not until the fall of 1872, when all other measures to secure 
 a peace had signally failed, that he was permitted to begin 
 a long-delayed campaign : but it was necessary to keep 
 some troops in the field during the presence of the peace 
 commissioners to hold the hostile Indians measurably 
 quiet, and the operations of the regiment during the spring 
 and summer of 1872 are deserving of a brief mention. 
 
 Company K was employed against the Apache-Mojaves 
 and, during May, three of the raids made upon the settle- 
 ments in the vicinity of Camp Hualpai met with prompt 
 chastisement by detachments of the company, and the 
 department commander announced in orders that the 
 conduct of the detachments was worthy of the brilliant 
 reputation of the regiment to which they belonged. Com- 
 panies I and M were employed in the vicinity of Camp 
 Grant, watching the Indians who were located on the reser- 
 vation near the station. Companies B and C were em- 
 ployed in the vicinity of Camp Hualpai. Company E 
 successfully operated against a large number of Apache- 
 Mojaves and Apache- Yumas who had deserted the reserva- 
 tion at Camp Date Creek, and captured the greater part 
 of them in the Ilarcuvar and Harquahalla Mountains. 
 Company F was employed in the Senoita Valley and had 
 several combats with the Chiricahuas. A serious out- 
 break occurred at Camp Date Creek early in September 
 which was quelled by Company E, under Lieutenant Yolk- 
 mar, but not until a number of Indians had been killed 
 and wounded. It was an occasion fraught with great peril 
 to the garrison, but fortunately the outbreak was quickly 
 suppressed by vigorous measures and the ringleaders were 
 imprisoned. 
 
 It was the 22d of September when Captain Mason started 
 from Camp Hualpai with companies B C, and K and a 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 149 
 
 detachment of Ilualpai scouts, and proceeded to the Santa 
 Maria district, where on the morning of the 25th, and after 
 a laborious night march over a country cut up with deep 
 and almost impassable canons, he discovered the rancherias 
 of the Apache-Mojaves near the edge of a deep ravine 
 known as the Muchos Canons, near the head- waters of 
 the north branch of the Big Sandy. He completely sur- 
 prised the enemy, and after a sharp engagement killed 
 forty, wounded many others, captured a number of pris- 
 oners, and destroyed the rancherias. 
 
 The campaign thus auspiciously begun was prosecuted 
 with the utmost vigor by the troops and their Indian allies 
 until April, 1873, and the regiment participated in twenty- 
 eight well-fought combats and engagements with the enemy. 
 Many warriors were killed and wounded ; their women 
 and children were captured, and their rancherias and sup- 
 plies were destroyed. Their hitherto inaccessible retreats 
 were penetrated by the persistent and searching operations 
 of the troops, and there was no safety for them anywhere. 
 The hostile tribes became completely demoralized by the 
 terrible punishment which was inflicted upon them, and 
 with one accord they sent in flags of truce and tendered 
 unconditional surrenders. 
 
 On the 7th of April, 1873, the department commander 
 announced in orders the surrender of large numbers of 
 Indians against whom military operations had been con- 
 ducted for several months, and that assurances had been 
 received from the chiefs and head men that their people 
 desired to conclude a permanent peace. The basis of the 
 peace established was simply that the Apaches should 
 cease plundering and murdering, and comply with the 
 regulations adopted for their government upon the reser- 
 vations ; also that a sufficient time was to be given to en- 
 able any renegades still at large to return to their proper 
 reservations, after which the troops with their Indian allies 
 were to pursue and chastise them ; and in case any strag- 
 gling bands remained absent in defiance of proper authority 
 
150 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 they were to be pursued and forced to surrender or be de- 
 stroyed. A few renegades and straggling- bands remained 
 in the mountains, hoping that the surrender of the prin- 
 cipal bands would cause them to be overlooked and for- 
 gotten. But in this they were mistaken, and a vigorous 
 campaign resulted in the surrender, in July, of all the 
 renegades and straggling bands, which included two bands 
 of Tonto-Apaches and about two hundred Apache-Mojaves. 
 
 After the reduction of the military force in the depart- 
 ment in 1873 the officers of the regiment who operated 
 against and controlled hostile Indians were compelled to 
 pursue and attack bodies of renegades with the disadvan- 
 tage of even greater disparity of numbers on their side 
 than formerly existed, and they frequently found them- 
 selves in predicaments from which only by almost super- 
 human efforts and the exercise of the soundest military 
 judgment, coolness, and determination could they have 
 extricated their commands and attained with such slight 
 loss the brilliant successes that rewarded their exertions. 
 
 It is not deemed necessary to present in detail in this 
 connection the many combats and engagements in which 
 the regiment participated during the tour of service in 
 Arizona. A narrative of one important combat could be 
 fairly used to describe any other, only changing the dates 
 and localities. All deserved and received the largest 
 measure of praise. The conduct of the troops and the 
 results of the campaigns are tersely stated in General 
 Orders No. 14, Series 1873, Department of Arizona, as 
 follows : 
 
 "The operations of the troops in this department in the 
 late campaigns against the Apaches entitle them to a repu- 
 tation second to none in the annals of Indian warfare. In 
 the face of obstacles heretofore considered insurmount- 
 able, encountering rigorous cold in the mountains, fol- 
 lowed in quick succession by the intense heat and arid 
 waste of the desert ; not infrequently at dire extremities 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 151 
 
 for want of water to quench their prolonged thirst ; and 
 when their animals were stricken by pestilence or the 
 country became too rough to be traversed by them, they 
 left them, and, carrying on their own backs such meagre 
 supplies as they might, they persistently followed on, 
 and, plunging unexpectedly into chosen positions in lava- 
 beds, caves, and canons, they have outwitted and beaten 
 the wiliest of foes, with slight loss comparatively to them- 
 selves, and finally closed an Indian war that has been 
 waged since the days of Cortez." 
 
 Major- General John M. Schofield, commanding the Mili- 
 tary Division of the Pacific, expressed in a general order 
 his appreciation of the results, as follows : 
 
 "To Brevet Major-General George Crook, commanding 
 the Department of Arizona, and to his gallant troops for 
 the extraordinary service they have rendered in the late 
 campaign against the Apache Indians, the division com- 
 mander extends his thanks and his congratulations upon 
 their brilliant successes. They have merited the gratitude 
 of the nation. There is now occasion for hope that the 
 well- deserved chastisement inflicted upon the Apaches 
 may give peace to the people of Arizona." 
 
 General William T. Sherman, during an interview with 
 the Military Committee of the House of Representatives, 
 said that "the services of the Fifth Cavalry in Arizona 
 were unequaled by that of any cavalry regiment during 
 the war of the Rebellion. " 
 
 Colonel John C. Kelton, the assistant adjutant-general of 
 the Military Division of the Pacific, said, in an endorsement 
 dated March 15, 1876, that "the results of the good con- 
 duct of the troops, particularly the Fifth Cavalry, in their 
 engagements with Indians in Arizona, were really of na- 
 tional consequence." 
 
 The regiment could desire no higher encomiums. A 
 number of the non-commissioned officers and privates re- 
 
152 THE 1STAREATIVE. 
 
 ceived medals of honor, which they had richly earned by 
 feats of endurance and deeds of valor, and many of 
 the officers were twice nominated to the United States 
 Senate for brevet commissions as rewards for gallant and 
 conspicuous services, which were performed in pursuance 
 of commissions held and obligations assumed with a high 
 sense of honor. Having won the thanks of distinguished 
 officers of the civil and war departments, of the general of 
 the army, and of the division and department commanders, 
 who publicly declared the regiment to have merited the 
 gratitude of the nation, they felt that the task which they 
 had performed had not been a thankless one, and they 
 were content to submit the record of their deeds to the 
 judgment of the country. 
 
 An era of peace now dawned upon Arizona such as was 
 never before vouchsafed to that stricken community, and 
 in a few brief months its beneficent effects were everywhere 
 visible. In the summer of 1S73 and in the mid- winter of 
 1873-74 a few disaffected bands abandoned the reserva- 
 tions and endeavored to measure skill and strength with 
 the troops ; but a vigorous and unrelenting campaign, in 
 which the regiment was conspicuously engaged, again 
 taught them the fighting qualities of the troops, and after 
 another severe chastisement they were glad to seek safety 
 on the reservations. 
 
 During three years of service in Arizona the Fifth Cav- 
 alry participated in ninety-seven combats and engage- 
 ments with the Apaches, and when ordered to other fields 
 of duty the officers and men of the regiment were held in 
 the highest estimation by the citizens of the Territory 
 because of the efficient service which they had performed 
 towards securing a lasting peace to that long-distracted 
 community. 
 
 But little is known of the" early history of the Apaches. 
 They have no records except those written in the blood of 
 many people. For centuries they have been the scourge 
 of New Mexico, Arizona, and the northern border of old 
 
THE NAUR ATI VE. 
 
 153 
 
 Mexico. They are now retreating before the irresistible 
 march of civilization. The shrill whistle of the locomol i v< i 
 echoes in their once favorite haunts, and the Territory is 
 increasing rapidly in wealth and population. A few years 
 hence and Arizona, but recently known as a land of cacti, 
 deserts, and implacable Apaches, will put on the robes of 
 sovereignty and take her appointed place with the States 
 of the Nation. 
 
Seventh Period— 1875-1883. 
 
 SERVICE OX THE PLAINS FROM TIIE CANADIAN RIVER, IX 
 TEXAS, TO THE YELL0WSTOXE RIVER, IX MONTANA. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 Overland to Kansas, and Service in the Department of the Missouri — The 
 Sioux Campaigns of 1876. 
 
 In April, 1875, the regiment was placed under marching 
 orders for the Department of the Missouri, and on the 1st 
 of May the headquarters and Company C, under Major 
 Royall, started from Camp Lowell and marched to Camp 
 Bowie, where companies F and M joined. The detach- 
 ment then moved, by the way of Fort Bayard and the Rio 
 Grande vallej^, to Santa Fe, where it arrived on the 4th of 
 June. Company E started from Camp McDowell on the 
 20th of April, and marched to Camp Verde and joined com- 
 panies A and K, and on the 3d of May the detachment, un- 
 der Captain Mason, moved, by the way of Sunset Crossing, 
 Fort Wingate, and Albuquerque, to Santa Fe, where it 
 arrived on the 5th of June. The battalion, having ex- 
 changed horses with the first battalion of the Sixth Cav- 
 alry, resumed the march under Major Royall, and moved 
 by the way of Fort Union, N. M., to Fort Lyon, Col., 
 where it arrived on the 23d, and a few days later the 
 headquarters and companies separated and marched to 
 their respective] [stations, and Lieutenant-Colonel Carr as- 
 sumed the command of the regiment at Fort Hays, Kan. 
 

 ■ v.::. WESLEY . . S.A. 
 
THE NAEEATIVE. 155 
 
 The other companies, having been selected to remain in 
 Arizona until the arrival of the first battalion of the Sixth 
 Cavalry, did not begin to move out of the Territory until 
 July. Company G started from Fort Whipple on the 1st 
 and marched by the way of Sunset Crossing to Fort Win- 
 gate, where it arrived on the 18th and encamped at Bacon 
 Springs. Companies B and I started from Camp Apache 
 on the 17th and arrived at Fort Wingate on the 29th, 
 and on the 1st of August the detachment, under Captain 
 Montgomery, moved by the way of Albuquerque and 
 Santa Fe to Fort Union, N. M., where it arrived on the 
 19th, and, having exchanged horses with a detachment of 
 the Sixth Cavalry, resumed the march and arrived at Fort 
 Lyon, Col., on the 6th of September, where the companies 
 separated and moved to their respective stations. 
 
 Company H started from San Carlos Agency on the 23d 
 of July and marched to Camp Grant, where it joined Com- 
 pany L, and the two companies marched to Camp Bowie, 
 where they arrived on the 30th and joined Company D, 
 and on the 1st of August the detachment, under Lieuten- 
 ant Woodson, moved by the way of Fort Bayard and the 
 Rio Grande valley to Santa Fe, and thence to Fort Union, 
 N. M., where it arrived on the 29th, and, having ex- 
 changed horses with a detachment of the Sixth Cavalry, 
 resumed the march and arrived at Fort Lyon, Col., on the 
 10th of September, where the companies separated and 
 moved to their respective stations. 
 
 The regiment was fairly active during the fall months, 
 and nearly all the companies had some field-service. Com- 
 panies C and G made reconnaissances during the winter of 
 1875-7G on Wolf, Medicine Lodge, Elk, and Clear creeks, 
 and on the Canadian River in Texas, and were frequently 
 emplo}-ed in the Indian Territory, besides performing es- 
 cort duty with the Arapahoe Indians during their grand 
 winter hunt. Lieutenant Bishop, with a detachment of 
 Company G, had a spirited affair, January 22, 1876, on a 
 tributary of the Cimarron River, one hundred and twenty- 
 
156 THE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 five miles east of Camp Supply, in which he severely pun- 
 ished a marauding band of Osage Indians. 
 
 Captain Hamilton, with a detachment of his company, 
 set out from Fort Wallace, Kan., on the 25th of October, 
 in pursuit of a number of Cheyennes who were reported to 
 be absent without permission from their reservation. He 
 discovered them on the 27th on Cailon Creek, a tributary 
 of the Smoky Hill River. They were concealed with their 
 ponies in a deep wooded ravine, and had watched his ap- 
 proach on their trail until he was quite near, when they dis- 
 played a white flag and claimed to have a written pass from 
 their agent for the purpose of hunting buffaloes. Cap- 
 tain Hamilton rode into their camp and attempted to count 
 them, but failed because of their marked unwillingness to 
 be counted. He then dismounted and entered the ravine, 
 where he found about sixty warriors. By this time the 
 Indians had ascertained that they outnumbered the sol- 
 diers two to one; but, to be certain that no others were 
 coming, it was necessary that one of their number should 
 make a reconnaissance of the surrounding country. It was 
 observed at this stage of the proceedings that the Indians 
 held a hurried consultation, and presently they asked 
 permission to dispatch a courier to a hunting party for 
 their pass. The request was granted and a sergeant was 
 sent with the warrior, who rode towards an elevation from 
 which he could see all the approaches to the camp. When 
 the courier had arrived at the summit and ascertained that 
 no more soldiers were coming he fired on the sergeant, and 
 the warriors in the ravine at once fired on the soldiers, 
 who were standing to horse in and about their camp. 
 It was apparent that the Indians had intended from the 
 beginning to violate their flag of truce and attack the 
 soldiers, if they outnumbered them, and then make their 
 escape. Captain Hamilton was not wholly unprepared 
 for the attack, as his suspicions had been aroused by their 
 behavior, and with much coolness and judgment he soon 
 extricated his command from its perilous position with a 
 
TIIK NARRATIVE. 157 
 
 loss of only one man wounded, two men missing (after- 
 wards reported), and live horses killed. During the melee 
 his own horse was killed under him. Being unable to 
 dislodge the Indians, he retired to the place where his 
 rear-guard and wagons were encamped, and dispatched a 
 courier for reinforcements. Lieutenant-Colonel Carr, with 
 companies A, B, and E, started from Fort Hays on the 
 28th, and, having joined Captain Hamilton, marched with 
 him to the scene of the attack, but the Cheyennes had fled 
 during the night. They were pursued to the south branch 
 of Pawnee Creek, where they separated into small bands 
 and continued their retreat south of the Arkansas River ; 
 and as it was evident that they were hastening to the shel- 
 ter of their reservation, the pursuit was abandoned. It 
 was afterwards ascertained that the party had a pass for 
 seven men, which explained their treacherous conduct and 
 subsequent flight. One warrior was killed and others were 
 wounded during the combat. 
 
 In May, 1876, the companies in the field were recalled, 
 and orders were issued directing the headquarters and 
 eight companies to move by rail to Cheyenne, Wyo., for 
 service in the Department of the Platte. This order was 
 not unexpected, as the northern Sioux and other disaffect- 
 ed bands under Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse were in a 
 state of Avar, and the troops had been operating against 
 them for several months. The headquarters and com- 
 panies A, B, C, D, G, I, K, and M were moved, early in 
 June, from their respective stations to Cheyenne, and 
 marched thence to Fort Laramie, and on the 21st the bat- 
 talion, under Lieutenant-Colonel Carr, marched towards 
 the Powder River trail for the purpose of intercepting and 
 driving back the almost daily reinforcements and stopping 
 the supplies which were being forwarded to the enemy in 
 the field from the agencies four hundred miles to the south- 
 east. It was subsequently ascertained that not less than 
 twenty-two hundred warriors abandoned the Red Cloud 
 and Spotted Tail agencies during the Sioux war of 1876. 
 
158 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 On the afternoon of the 1st of July Colonel Merritfc, who 
 had succeeded Colonel Emory, retired at his own request, 
 joined and assumed command of the regiment. 
 
 On the 3d of July companies I and K, under Captain 
 Mason, pursued a party of Cheyennes about thirty miles 
 and compelled them to abandon the supplies which they 
 were taking to the enemy. The presence of the regiment 
 on the south branch of the Cheyenne River having become 
 known to the Indians, it was inarched in three columrs 
 to Sage Creek, and thence en masse to Raw Hide Creek, 
 where it arrived on the 14th. At this place Company C 
 was detached for patrol duty near the crossing of the 
 Laramie and Red Cloud trail on Running Water, and re- 
 joined on the 22d at Fort Laramie. 
 
 When encamped on Raw Hide Creek a courier arrived 
 from the Red Cloud Agency with the information that 
 eight hundred Cheyenne warriors had started to join Sit- 
 ting Bull and Crazy Horse. Notwithstanding the regi- 
 ment was under orders to march without delay to the Big 
 Horn country, Colonel Merritt assumed the responsibility 
 of making an effort to intercept them. He started at one 
 o'clock p.m. on the loth and made a forced march of 
 eighty-five miles to War Bonnet (Indian Creek), near the 
 crossing of the Powder River trail, where he arrived at 
 eight o'clock p.m. on the 16th, and on the morning of the 
 17th he met and defeated the advance of the Indians and 
 then pursued them to the agency. When about twenty- 
 five miles north of Red Cloud it was discovered that the 
 main body had hastily returned to the reservation, having 
 been warned of the approach of the troops by couriers 
 who had been dispatched from the advance party which 
 had been defeated. 
 
 William F. Cody, the favorite scout of the regiment, 
 was conspicuous in the affair of the morning, having killed 
 in a hand-to-hand conflict Yellow Hand, a prominent Chey- 
 enne chief. 
 
 This rapid inarch, unexpected attack, and vigorous pur- 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 159 
 
 suit defeated the plans of eight hundred Cheyenne war- 
 riors and prevented them from joining the enemy in the 
 north. The regiment then marched to Fort Laramie, and 
 on the 23d started from that station northward to join 
 Brigadier-General Crook. 
 
 Meanwhile orders had been issued for the companies re- 
 maining in the Department of the Missouri to join the 
 companies already in the field, and accordingly companies 
 E, F, H, and L moved by rail about the middle of July 
 from their respective stations to Cheyenne, and marched 
 thence to Chug Water, Wyo., where dispatches were re- 
 ceived directing companies H and L to take temporary 
 station at Fort Robinson, Neb., near the Red Cloud 
 Agency, where they encamped during the summer and fall 
 months, and were engaged on the 23d of October, under 
 Major Gordon, in the capture of Red Leafs (Sioux) village 
 on Chadron Creek, Neb. The cap ture included for ty lodges, 
 fifty warriors, and five hundred and fifty ponies, and this 
 was effected without bloodshed on either side. Companies 
 E and F, under Captain Price, continued the march to 
 Fort Fetterman, and thence northward by forced marches 
 until two o'clock a.m. of the 29th, when they joined the 
 regiment on the north branch of the South Cheyenne 
 River after a march of only seven days from Cheyenne. 
 
 On the afternoon of the 3d of August the headquarters 
 and ten companies of the regiment— five hundred and 
 thirty-five ofiicers and men— rode into Brigadier-General 
 Crook's camp on Goose Creek, under the shadows of the 
 Big Horn Mountains, and there was no doubting the sin- 
 cerity of his welcome as he recognized with genial smiles 
 and words of cordial greeting the officers and men who 
 had served with him in his brilliant Apache campaigns. 
 
 On the 4th of August the organization of the Big Horn 
 and Yellowstone expedition of 187G was announced. The 
 cavalry (Second, Third, and Fifth) were organized into a 
 brigade of five battalions with five companies to each 
 battalion. Colonel Merritt was announced as chief of cav- 
 
160 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 airy. Lieutenant-Colonel Carr resumed the command of 
 tile regiment, which he retained until the expedition was 
 disbanded. Major Upham commanded the first battalion, 
 consisting of companies A, B, G, I, and M, and Major 
 Mason, recently promoted to that grade in the Third Cav- 
 alry, continued to serve with the regiment, and commanded, 
 the second battalion, consisting of companies C, D, E, F, 
 and K. Lieutenant-Colonel Royall commanded the Second 
 and Third Cavalry, with Major Evans and Captains INToyes 
 and Van Yliet as battalion commanders. Ten companies 
 of the Fourth, Ninth, and Fourteenth Infantry regiments 
 were commanded by Major Chambers, and a better body 
 of officers and men were never assembled in the army. 
 The Crow and Shoshone allies were commanded by Cap- 
 tain Randall, of the Twenty-third Infantry, and the vol- 
 unteer scouts were in charge of Major Stanton, of the 
 Pay Department. 
 
 The order of movement was brief and simple : 
 
 "All tents and camp equipage, bedding and baggage, 
 except articles hereinafter specified, to be stored in the 
 wagons, and wagons to be turned over to the chief quarter- 
 master at sunset. Wagons will be left at camp. A pack- 
 train of mules will accompany each battalion on the march, 
 for the protection of which the battalion will be held re- 
 sponsible. The command will march at seven o'clock a.m. 
 to-morrow 'prepared for action,' and company commanders 
 will see to it that each man carries with him on his person 
 one hundred rounds of ammunition ; and four days' rations, 
 overcoat and one blanket on the saddle. Fifty rounds addi- 
 tional per man will be packed on mules. Four extra horses, 
 not to be packed, will be led with each company. Curry- 
 combs and brushes will be left in wagons. Special instruc- 
 tions for action : All officers and non-commissioned offi- 
 cers to take constant pains to prevent wastage of ammu- 
 nition." 
 
 On the morning of the 5th of August, at the appointed 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 1G1 
 
 hour, the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition marched 
 from Goose Creek, the infantry taking the advance at six 
 o'clock and the cavalry following an hour later. The 
 command marched down Tongue River for two days, and 
 then turned north-west and crossed the Panther Moun- 
 tains to the Rosebud— the favorite cemetery of the wild 
 Sioux— and down the valley on the trail over which Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel Custer, of the Seventh Cavalry, made his 
 last march when going to the Little Big Horn, until the 
 10th, when the forces under General Terry were met thirty- 
 five miles above the mouth of the stream, but the enemy — 
 had disappeared. 
 
 They had turned eastward from the valley of the Rose- 
 bud, at the place where the forces of Generals Terry and 
 Crook had united, to avoid a battle with the troops, who 
 were encamped a few miles below. The Indian trail, the 
 largest ever seen on the plains, spread out like a fan when 
 it reached the upland. Sitting Bull and his allies had de- 
 termined to hasten towards the Canada line and seek safe- 
 ty on foreign soil. The Fifth Infantry was at once faced 
 about and marched to the Yellowstone, where the regi- 
 ment was embarked on steamboats and patrolled the river 
 to intercept, if possible, the retreat of the savages. 
 
 On the morning of the 11th the united forces crossed 
 the divide to Tongue River and marched down the valley 
 on the trail until the 14th, and thence across the divide 
 to Powder River and down the valley to the Yellowstone, 
 where they arrived on the 17th ; but it w r as apparent that 
 the Indians had separated and effected their escape. Sit- 
 ting Bull was moving towards the Canada line, and Crazy 
 Horse had turned towards the Black Hills of Dakota. 
 Yiolent rain-storms had added greatly to the discomforts 
 of the troops, who were unprepared for inclement weather ; 
 but they had plodded on through the mud and rain with 
 unfailing good-humor, although there was not a man who 
 entertained a reasonable hope of overtaking the Sioux. 
 The united forces rested on the banks of the Yellow- 
 ll 
 
162 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 stone until the 24th, and then marched up Powder River 
 about twenty miles. On the 26th General Terry returned 
 to the Yellowstone, and the Big Horn and Yellowstone 
 expedition marched due east and arrived at the head of 
 Heart River on the 5th of September. The rainfall had 
 been incessant, and the supplies received on the Yellow- 
 stone were nearly exhausted — but two and a half days' 
 rations of bacon and hard-bread remained on hand. Mud 
 and water reigned supreme, and there was no prospect of 
 catching anything, not even a jack-rabbit. 
 
 General Crook could go to Fort Abraham Lincoln for 
 supplies, but if he did so he would consume valuable 
 time and leave the Black Hills in a defenseless condition, 
 as all the Indian trails seemed to lead in that direction ; 
 or he could move directly south, through an unknown 
 country, to the Black Hills, having a chance to strike the 
 Indians en route, and obtain supplies at the end of the 
 march. The men who were serving their first campaign 
 hoped that he would go to Fort Abraham Lincoln, but 
 those who had served in other campaigns with General 
 Crook believed that he would march towards the Black 
 Hills, and he did. It was useless to pursue any longer. 
 He could only hope to protect by the presence of his com- 
 mand, as the Indians had scattered to every point of the 
 compass. The horses were leg-weary, quite a number had 
 been abandoned, and dismounted cavalrymen Avere daily 
 joining the infantry battalion. 
 
 On the morning of the 6th of September the expedition, 
 numbering two thousand men, began the march south, by 
 the compass, for the Black Hills. Much could be written 
 of the hardships that followed— of the lack of food and 
 shelter in pitiless and incessant rain-storms, and the weary 
 marches that had to be made when men and horses were 
 alike exhausted ; but it is simply written that the officers 
 and men, subsisting upon wild berries and horse-meat, 
 plodded along for days, crossing Cannon Ball, the north 
 and south branches of Grand River, and Owl and Crow 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 163 
 
 creeks, without abandoning the determination to pull 
 tkrough. 
 
 On the night of the 7th Captain Mills and one hundred 
 and fifty men of the Third Cavalry, mounted on the most 
 serviceable horses of that regiment, pushed ahead for the 
 settlements to purchase supplies for the command. Two 
 days later a courier returned with the news that Captain 
 Mills had captured Roman Nose's village (Brule Sioux) 
 at Slim Bnttes, but that he was in great danger of being 
 overpowered so soon as the escaped warriors could return 
 with reinforcements. It was wonderful to see how eagerly 
 the cavalry pushed forward to the rescue, and at eleven 
 o'clock a.m. they had arrived at the scene of action, and 
 not much behind them was the superb infantry. It was as- 
 certained from the prisoners that Crazy Horse, with three 
 hundred lodges, was about twenty miles away, but, owing 
 to the jaded condition of the men and horses, it was im- 
 possible to make a demonstration against him ; but, as 
 was fully expected, he made a demonstration against the 
 command between three and four o'clock p.m. with a large 
 force of warriors. Quick as a flash of lightning the men 
 formed a magnificent skirmish-line around the camp and 
 enclosed the village, prisoners, horses, and captured ponies; 
 the onslaught of the enemy was greeted with ringing 
 cheers. The men, in their eagerness, did some wild shoot- 
 ing at the beginning, but they soon settled to steady work 
 and forgot that they were wet and hungry. 
 
 Crazy Horse made persistent efforts to find a weak place 
 in the line through which he could charge and recapture 
 the ponies ; but his efforts were of no avail, and he retired 
 at nightfall, having been completely foiled at all points. 
 The casualties among the troops did not exceed twenty. 
 The enemy's loss, thought to be quite severe, was not ascer- 
 tained. While the combat was not a sanguinary one, it 
 was decidedly picturesque, and as the twilight fell the 
 skirmish-line could be distinctly traced around the entire 
 circle by the flashes from the muskets and carbines as they 
 
164 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 were discharged. The capture of the village at daybreak 
 was a Third Cavalry success, but the entire command par- 
 ticipated in the afternoon skirmish with Crazy Horse. A 
 Seventh Cavalry guidon, Captain Keogh's gauntlets, cav- 
 alry saddles, uniforms, and three horses belonging to the 
 Seventh Cavalry were found in the village, which seemed 
 to prove that Roman Nose and his followers had parti- 
 cipated in Custer's last battle on the Little Big Horn. A 
 quantity of dried meat and four hundred ponies were 
 captured, which afforded a happy change from the horse- 
 meat upon which the officers and men had been subsist- 
 ing for several days. The command resumed the march 
 next morning, leaving the first battalion of the regiment, 
 under Major Upham, to destroy the village. The enemy 
 renewed the attack with great vigor before the rear of the 
 main column was out of sight ; but after receiving a severe 
 punishment they withdrew, and nothing more was seen of 
 them. On the night of the 10th Captain Mills was again 
 sent forward with fifty men, who were mounted on the 
 strongest of the captured ponies. He arrived at Crook City 
 without accident or detention, and on the 13th started 
 supplies to meet the command. 
 
 The march of the 12th of September— a day never to be 
 forgotten— from Owl Creek to Crow Creek is known as the 
 "mud march," during which scores of horses were aban- 
 doned, and starving and exhausted men despairingly gave 
 up and were with the utmost difficulty persuaded to 
 proceed. It was not until after midnight that the rear- 
 guard (Company I) arrived at the bivouac on Crow Creek. 
 On the morning of the 12th, Major Upham, several offi- 
 cers, and one hundred and fifty men of the regiment 
 were detached, with two ponies for rations, to examine the 
 country east of the command. They rejoined on the Belle 
 Fourche on the 14th, having lost one man killed by the 
 enemy. 
 
 On the 13th of September the weary and well-nigh ex- 
 hausted command forded the Belle Fourche and encamped 
 
THE NAI1KATIVE. 
 
 105 
 
 in a beautiful grove. Pluck had won the race against star- 
 vation, for over the hills came a herd of beef-cattle, and 
 a few minutes later a number of supply-wagons were seen 
 approaching the camp. After several days of rest in 
 Whitewood Valley and Centennial Park the command 
 moved by easy marches through the Black Hills to Custer 
 City, and encamped in that vicinity until the 14th of Octo- 
 ber, when the regiment, with detachments of the Second 
 and Third Cavalry, aggregating about eight hundred offi- 
 cers and men, under Colonel Merritt, made a reconnais- 
 sance down the south branch of Cheyenne River to the 
 mouth of Rapid Creek, and then returned to the crossing 
 of the Custer City and Red Cloud road, near Buffalo Gap, 
 and proceeded thence to Fort Robinson, Neb., where the 
 Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition was disbanded on 
 the 24th of October, and in a farewell order General Crook 
 addressed himself to the officers and men as follows : 
 
 " In the campaign now closed he has been obliged to call 
 upon you for much hard service and many sacrifices of 
 personal comfort. At times you have been out of reach 
 of your base of supplies in most inclement weather, and 
 have marched without food and sleep— without shelter. In 
 your engagements you have evinced a high order of disci- 
 pline and courage ; in your marches wonderful powers of 
 endurance ; and in your deprivations and hardships pa- 
 tience and fortitude. 
 
 " Indian warfare is of all warfare the most dangerous, 
 the most trying, and the most thankless. Not recognized 
 by the high authority of the United States Congress as war, 
 it still possesses for you the disadvantages of civilized war- 
 fare with all the horrible accompaniments that barbarism 
 can invent and savages can execute. In it you are required 
 to serve without the incentive to promotion or recognition 
 — in truth, without favor or hope of reward. 
 
 "The people of our sparsely-settled frontier, in whose 
 defense this war is waged, have but little influence with 
 
166 TIIE NAEEATIVE. 
 
 the powerful communities in the East ; their representa- 
 tives have little voice in our national councils ; while your 
 savage foes are not only the wards of the nation, support- 
 ed in idleness, but objects of sympathy with large num- 
 bers of people otherwise well informed and discerning. 
 
 "You may, therefore, congratulate yourselves that in 
 the performance of your military duty you have been on 
 the side of the weak against the strong, and that the few 
 people on the frontier will remember your efforts with 
 gratitude." 
 
 Companies H and L, under Major Gordon, set out from 
 Fort Robinson on the 1st of November and joined the ex- 
 pedition under Colonel Mackenzie, of the Fourth Cavalry, 
 at Fort Laramie, and then marched by the way of Fort 
 Fetterman to the Powder River country, and participated 
 in a desperate engagement with Dull Knife's band of 
 Cheyennes at Bates Creek (north branch of Powder River) 
 on the 25th, which continued during the entire day. 
 The troops won a brilliant victory ; killed and wounded a 
 large number of warriors, destroyed the village, and cap- 
 tured eight hundred ponies. 
 
 The Sioux campaigns of 1876 were marked with few en- 
 gagements, but those that did take place were conspicuous 
 for the desperateness with which they were fought and the 
 severe losses sustained. Nearly four hundred and fifty 
 officers and men of the army were killed and wounded dur- 
 ing the year. The Seventh Cavalry suffered the most severe 
 loss— fourteen officers and two hundred and forty- two men 
 killed and fifty-three men wounded. The enemy's loss is 
 now known to have been severe at the Rosebud, Little 
 Big Horn, Slim Buttes, and Bates Creek. But the far- 
 reaching results of the campaigns extended beyond the 
 consideration of how many were killed and wounded. They 
 led to the disintegration of many of the hostile bands of 
 savages, who gladly sought safety upon the reservations and 
 who have not since attempted any warlike demonstrations. 
 
CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 Operations in Northern Wyoming — The Wind River Expedition of 1877 — Field 
 Operations of 1878-79, including the Movement against the hostile Chey- 
 ennes in Nebraska and the Ute Outbreak in Colorado. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the Sioux expeditions of 1876 
 the regiment was assigned to stations in the Department 
 of the Platte. 
 
 On the 29th of May, 1877, companies A, B, H, I, and L. 
 under Captain Hamilton, set out from Fort D. A. Rus- 
 sell, Wye, and marched to Fort Fetterman, where Com- 
 pany L was detached to meet Lieutenant-General Sheri- 
 dan at Fort Washakie and escort him across the country 
 to the Yellowstone River. The other companies pro- 
 ceeded to the Big Horn country, where they encamped. 
 The lieutenant-general and the department commander, es- 
 corted by Company L, arrived at the camp on Tongue River 
 on the 17th of July ; and on the 19th companies A, B, and 
 I, under Major Hart (who had joined the battalion in June), 
 joined the escort and accompanied the distinguished gen- 
 erals to the mouth of the Little Big Horn River. The bat- 
 talion was employed during the summer in making recon- 
 naissances along the north-east base of the Big Horn Moun- 
 tains and in the valleys of the Little Big Horn, Rosebud, 
 Tongue, and Powder rivers. 
 
 Late in July five companies were moved by rail to 
 Omaha and Chicago for guard and patrol duty dining 
 the railway riots of that summer. Colonel Merritt, Major 
 Gordon, and companies E and K were stationed at Omaha ; 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Carr and companies C, Gr, and M were 
 stationed at Chicago. The companies returned to their 
 stations during August, and were commended by the de- 
 partment commander in a general order for their good 
 
168 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 conduct, soldierly bearing, and strict attention to duty 
 while employed upon this important service. 
 
 It was reported in August that the hostile Nez Perces 
 intended to raid upon the settlements in North- western 
 Wyoming, and the companies serving on the Union Pacific 
 Railway were moved to Green River, and marched thence 
 to Fort Washakie, where they arrived on the 6th of Sep- 
 tember; and on the 8th the Wind River expedition, 
 consisting o£ the headquarters and companies C, D, E, 
 F, K, and M (and Company K, Third Cavalry), under 
 Colonel Merritt, set out from that station and marched 
 northward to the vicinity of Heart Mountain, where it was 
 joined on the 18th by the battalion which had been oper- 
 ating on the east side of the Big Horn Mountains. It was 
 soon ascertained that the enemy had continued their re- 
 treat down Clark's Fork, with the troops in close pursuit. 
 The expedition then returned to Fort Washakie (where 
 companies Gr and K were assigned), and marched thence 
 by the way of the Sweetwater, North Platte River, and 
 Fort Fetterman, to Fort Laramie, where it was disbanded 
 on the 23d of October. 
 
 Companies B, F, and I, under Major Hart, set out from 
 Fort D. A. Russell, January 6, 1878, and moved by rail 
 to Corinne, Utah, and marched thence to the Ross Fork 
 Agency, near Fort Hall, Idaho ; and on the morning 
 of the 16th they participated in the 'capture of the disaf- 
 fected Bannacks, who had threatened hostilities because 
 one of their number had been arrested on a charge of mur- 
 der. The villages were surrounded at daybreak, and the 
 warriors, who were completely surprised, surrendered with 
 their arms and ponies, and a threatened Indian war was 
 promptly suppressed. 
 
 The headquarters and companies A, B, D, F, and M, 
 under Colonel Merritt, were actively employed in North- 
 ern AVyoming and Western Nebraska during the summer 
 and fall of 1878. Companies C, E, and K served with the 
 battalion until July, when they were assigned to Fort 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 169 
 
 McKimiey and employed in the construction of that 
 post. Companies 11 and I were actively employed from 
 June to November against the hostile Bannacks in Idaho 
 and Montana. 
 
 Lieutenant Bishop, with a detachment of Company G, 
 set out from Fort Washakie on the 10th of September, and, 
 after a pursuit of two hundred and fifty miles, overtook 
 and engaged on the 16th, on Buffalo Fork of Snake River, 
 twenty miles south of Yellowstone Lake, a party of hostile 
 Bannacks. He killed two warriors and captured twenty 
 prisoners and fourteen animals. 
 
 Company L, under Lieutenant Davis, participated in 
 October in the pursuit, through the sand-hills of North- 
 western Nebraska, of Dull Knife's band of Cheyennes, 
 who were making their memorable flight northward from 
 the reservation in the Indian Territory. 
 
 On the 19th of January, 1879, companies A, B, D, F, T, 
 and M set out from Fort D. A. Russell to intercept, if pos- 
 sible, the hostile Cheyennes who were reported to be in 
 North-western Nebraska. The battalion moved by the way 
 of Forts Laramie, Robinson, and Sheridan to Harman's 
 Ranch on the Niobrara River, and then made a reconnais- 
 sance through the sand-hills about the head-waters of 
 Loupe Fork ; but a fall of snow interfered with the search 
 and finally rendered useless any further efforts to find the 
 Indians. The battalion abandoned the pursuit and re- 
 joined its station on the 28th of February, having made a 
 march of seven hundred miles in mid-winter. 
 
 Company G was employed during August, September, 
 and October, under Lieutenant Thomas, on escort duty 
 with a government surveying party in the Yellowstone 
 National Park. 
 
 An outbreak occurred in September, 1879, at the White 
 River Agency in Colorado, which was brought about by 
 local causes. The agent wished the Utes to cultivate the 
 soil, and as they would not labor an issue was soon raised 
 between them, which culminated in an open rupture 
 
170 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 when the agent attempted to plow a piece of land which 
 they desired to preserve for grazing purposes. The agent 
 then asked for military assistance, and Major Thornbnrgh, 
 of the Fourth Infantry, who was commanding Fort Fred 
 Steele, Wyo., was instructed to proceed to the agency with 
 a sufficient force and restore order. When it came to the 
 knowledge of the Utes that troops were marching towards 
 the agency they became greatly excited and threatened to 
 attack the soldiers if they crossed the boundary line of 
 the reservation. 
 
 On the 19th of September Captain Payne, with com- 
 panies D and F, moved by rail from Fort D. A. Russell to 
 Fort Fred Steele, and joined Captain Lawson's company 
 of the Third Cavalry and Lieutenant Price, who command- 
 ed a company of the Fourth Infantry, and on the 21st the 
 troops, under Major Thornbnrgh, set out for the agency. 
 The infantry company was detached at Fortification Creek, 
 and encamped to await further orders. The command, now 
 reduced to six officers and one hundred and fifty-five en- 
 listed men, then marched southward to Deer Creek, and 
 encamped on the 28th. A number of the Ute chiefs 
 visited Major Thornburgh at the camps on Bear River and 
 Williams' Fork, and were informed that he was going to 
 the agency for the sole purpose of restoring order, and 
 that they had nothing to fear from the presence of the 
 soldiers. Although the chiefs were dissatisfied and ob- 
 jected to the presence of any troops at their agency, they 
 accepted presents from the officers and departed with pro- 
 testations of friendship. 
 
 The march was resumed on the 29th, and about ten 
 o'clock a.m. the command arrived at Milk Creek, about 
 twenty miles north of the agency. At this place Captains 
 Payne and Lawson, with their companies, turned off the 
 road, taking a trail that led to the left, while Company 
 D, under Lieutenant Paddock, remained with the wagon- 
 train, which was about one mile to the rear. There was 
 no serious apprehension of an attack, but it was deemed 
 
THE NAEEATIVE. 171 
 
 prudent to advance with caution, as the command was ap- 
 proaching a deep canon through which the wagons must 
 pass. Lieutenant Cherry was in the advance with a small 
 escort, and while passing over some high ground dis- 
 covered the Indians lying in ambush along the ridges that 
 commanded the road. With a quick perception of the 
 situation he turned and warned the companies, and the 
 men were at once dismounted and deployed as skirmishers. 
 Major Thornburgh and Lieutenant Cherry then rode for- 
 ward and attempted to communicate with the Utes, but 
 they refused to talk and at once opened a rapid and gall- 
 ing fire upon the troops. It was soon apparent that the 
 exposed x^osition of the troops in the face of an enemy well 
 armed and in superior force was untenable, and the men 
 were directed to retire slowly and effect a junction with 
 Company D, which was protecting the wagon-train. The 
 men retired in excellent order, and the enemy, having 
 been foiled in their purpose to ambuscade the command, 
 moved around the left flank beyond carbine range, and 
 concentrated on a knoll to the left of and commanding the 
 line of retreat, for the purpose of cutting off the companies 
 from the wagon-train, which had begun to park on the 
 right bank of Milk Creek. Captain Payne, with a part of 
 his compan}^, charged the knoll and dispersed the enemy, 
 and then retired to the train and adopted measures for 
 its defense. Major Thornburgh started for the train just 
 as Captain Payne made the charge, and was shot and 
 instantly killed after crossing the creek and within five 
 hundred yards of the wagons. The command then de- 
 volved upon Captain Payne. 
 
 The train was parked about two hundred yards from the 
 water — the wagons formed the north side of a corral ellipti- 
 cal in shape, its long axis running east and west. The south 
 side was exposed to the enemy, who massed in the ravines 
 along the stream and upon the heights, and made a de- 
 termined effort to capture and destroy the train before the 
 wagons could be placed in a position for defense. A num- 
 
172 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 ber of wounded animals were led out to the exposed space 
 and shot down, thus making a continuous line of defense 
 and affording a cover for the sharpshooters. The bedding, 
 boxes, and sacks of grain and flour were then taken from 
 the wagons and used for breastworks, and in a short time 
 the train was in as good a state of defense as the means 
 at hand would permit. In the meantime Captain Lawson 
 and Lieutenant Cherry, by their superb fighting, had held 
 the enemy in check until this much had been accom- 
 plished, when they entered the corral, bringing all the 
 wounded with them. 
 
 The enemy, having been defeated in their efforts to 
 prevent the concentration of the command and the park- 
 ing of the train, took advantage of a high wind and set lire 
 to the tall grass and sage-brush down the creek. An agency 
 supply-train was encamped within seventy-five yards of 
 the corral and commanded the approach to the water, and 
 Captain Pajnie, fearing that under cover of the smoke the 
 enemy might make a lodgment in the train, ordered the 
 grass on the north side to be fired, and in a short time the 
 train was in flames. The fire which had been started down 
 the creek now approached with great rapidity and threat- 
 ened to destroy the exposed part of the corral. The officers 
 and men at this critical moment, when the enemy made 
 their most furious attack, displayed great courage. Sever- 
 al lives were lost and a number of the men were wounded, 
 but the flames were extinguished and the enemy were 
 again repulsed. From this time (three o'clock p.m.) until 
 nightfall the enemy kept their sharpshooters at work, and 
 three-fourths of the animals were killed, or so severely 
 wounded that they were killed b} r the troops. At dark 
 the enemy charged the corral and delivered volley after 
 volley. They finalh r retired with a loss of several warriors, 
 who were seen to fall from their ponies. 
 
 During the night the dead animals were dragged beyond 
 the corral, a full supply of water for twenty-four hours 
 was secured, Dr. Grimes (wounded) cared for the wounded, 
 
THE NARRATIVE. 173 
 
 intrenchments were dug, and by daybreak the corral was 
 in a good condition for defense. Captain Payne, twice 
 wounded, prepared his dispatches, and at midnight started 
 couriers to Rawlins, where they arrived on the 30th, when 
 news of the disaster first reached the country. 
 
 During the 30th the enemy kept up an almost incessant 
 lire, and killed all the animals except fourteen mules. 
 They withdrew at nightfall, and renewed the attack at 
 daybreak. 
 
 On the morning of the 2d of October Captain Dodge, 
 with Lieutenant Hughes, thirty-five men of Company D, 
 Ninth Cavalry, and four citizens, rode into the besieged 
 camp after a forced march of twenty-three hours. At 
 Hayden's, on Bear River, a courier informed Captain 
 Dodge of the disaster, and he never drew rein until he 
 rode into the corral just at daybreak ; before dark thir- 
 ty-eight of his horses were killed and the others were 
 wounded. 
 
 Meanwhile a movement of troops such as had never 
 been witnessed in the Department of the Platte, if, in- 
 deed, in any department, was in progress. The troops fair- 
 ly leaped to the emergency, and, moving from all points 
 with the utmost dispatch, rapidly concentrated at Raw- 
 lins, where Colonel Merritt arrived at half-past five o'clock 
 a.m. of the 2d of October with companies A, B, I, and M 
 of the regiment, and at eleven o'clock a.m. of the same 
 day he began, with two squadrons of cavalry and five com- 
 panies of infantry, what has been appropriately named 
 "a lightning march" of one hundred and seventy miles 
 to Milk Creek, where he arrived at half -past five o'clock 
 a.m. of the 5th, and raised the siege and dispersed the 
 enemy, who retreated through the canon towards the 
 agency. 
 
 Companies D and F had eight men killed, two officers 
 (Captain Payne and Lieutenant Paddock) and fifteen men 
 wounded, and one hundred and ten horses killed. Captain 
 Lawson had one man killed, seventeen men wounded, and 
 
174 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 nearly all his horses were killed. The wagon-master and 
 four civilian employes were killed, as were also nearly all 
 the train-mules. 
 
 The commands encamped at Milk Creek nntil the 10th 
 (other troops arriving daily, among the number Company 
 H of the regiment), when companies D and F, with Cap- 
 tains Dodge's and Lawson's companies, moved by easy 
 marches to Rawlins, whence, after a brief delay, they were 
 moved by rail to their respective stations. 
 
 Colonel Merritt, with six companies of cavalry, eight 
 companies of infantry, and one hundred civilian em- 
 ployes—a total force of about seven hundred men — 
 moved southward through the canon to White River, 
 arrived at the agency on the 11th, and found the build- 
 ings and supplies destroyed, the agent and his employes 
 murdered, and the women taken into captivity. On the 
 morning of the 15th, having been reinforced with four 
 companies of the Third Cavalry (leaving six companies of 
 the Seventh Infantry at the encampment), he advanced 
 towards Grand River, and was near the head-waters of 
 Lone Tree Creek when a courier arrived with dispatches 
 from the War Department, which directed him to suspend 
 aggressive operations, as the Interior Department desired 
 to open negotiations with the savages. He accordingly 
 returned to the encampment on White River, where he 
 arrived on the 17th. 
 
 Three days afterwards Lieutenant Hall, accompanied by 
 Lieutenant Weir, of the Ordnance Department, and six 
 men, set out on a reconnaissance for the purpose of locat- 
 ing a practicable wagon route to Grand River. When on 
 Rifle Creek, about twenty miles south of the camp, Lieu- 
 tenant Weir and Paul F. A. Hiimme (formerly a sergeant- 
 major of the regiment) left Lieutenant Hall, against his 
 counsel, to follow a herd of black-tail deer, and very soon 
 thereafter they were killed by a party of Utes. Lieutenant 
 Hall heard the firing, but supposed that Weir and Hiimme 
 were shooting deer, until he observed fresh pony-tracks. 
 
THE A A UK ATI VE. 175 
 
 lie tlien turned and hastened towards the place where 
 the shots had been fired, and as lie neared it a party of 
 mounted Indians fired upon him. He at once sought 
 shelter for his men and horses in a small ravine two hun- 
 dred yards distant, and held the Indians at bay until 
 nightfall, when he succeeded in escaping from them, and 
 arrived at the encampment about nine o'clock p.m. The 
 battalion of the regiment, under Major Sumner, was im- 
 mediately dispatched to Rifle Creek and the bodies were 
 recovered. Lieutenant Weir was shot from behind and 
 instantly killed, but Humme killed a warrior before he 
 fell. Lieutenant Hall's party killed and wounded several 
 of the enemy. 
 
 Colonel Merritt continued in command until the 22d 
 of November, when, with his headquarters, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Compton, and all the cavalry except companies A, 
 H, I, and M of the regiment, he returned to Rawlins and 
 rejoined his station. The companies named continued to 
 serve on White River until March, 1880. Companies C, E, 
 and K, under Captain Adam, set out from Fort McKinney 
 on the 6th of October and marched to Rock Creek, and 
 moved thence by rail to Rawlins, where they reported for 
 duty to Colonel Brackett, of the Third Cavalry, who com- 
 manded the reserve forces of the Ute expedition, but upon 
 the suspension of active operations they were ordered to 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo. 
 
 The brilliant services performed by Colonel Merritt, 
 Captains Payne, Lawson, and Dodge, and the lieutenants 
 and men of their commands, received, as they deserved, 
 the highest commendations, while the alacrity and enthu- 
 siasm with which the troops met the severe demands upon 
 them during the winter of 1S79-80 were a source of pride 
 to the whole army. 
 
 In April, 1880, the regiment was assigned to stations as 
 follows: the headquarters and companies A. Gr, I. and K 
 to Fort Laramie ; companies C and E to Fort Sidney : com- 
 panies B, D, and F to Fort Niobrara ; companies II and L 
 
176 THE NARRATIVE. 
 
 to Fort Robinson; and Company M to Fort Sheridan. 
 The changes made in these assignments to the present 
 time (March 3, 1883) have been the abandonment of Fort 
 Sheridan and the transfer of Company M to Fort Robin- 
 son, the transfer of the regimental headquarters and Com- 
 pany L to Fort Sidney, the transfer of Company F to Fort 
 D. A. Rnssell and thence to Fort Sidney, and the transfer 
 of companies E and I to Fort McKinney. 
 
 Company I, under Captain Kellogg, was employed dar- 
 ing the summer of 1881 on escort duty with Lieutenant- 
 General Sheridan through the Yellowstone National Park, 
 and companies C, E, and L, under Captain Adam, were 
 employed at Omaha, Neb., during the labor disturbances 
 in March, 1882. 
 
 The regiment has been unusually quiet during the past 
 three years, and the officers and men have enjoyed a sea- 
 son of rest from Indian campaigns, in which there is plenty 
 of danger and hardship without hope of substantial re- 
 ward. 
 
 The narrative is completed to the 3d of March, 1883, 
 and it is believed that all material facts pertaining to the 
 history of the regiment have been presented. 
 
Part Second. 
 
 THE MILITAET EECOEDS 
 
 Officers of the Fifth Regiment of Cavalry. 
 
 " Time changes all things— most of all that little world, a regiment. Old men go, 
 new men come ; some die, others exchange ; and gradually the old interests fadeasa new 
 society springs up. Men who have heen prominent figures in the regiment become but 
 names to which no one attaches any very particular ideas."— Old English Story. 
 
 12 
 
part second. 
 
 Military Records of Officers. 
 
 COLONELS. 
 
 1. Albert S. Johnston was born, of Scotch ancestry, in 
 Mason County, Ky., February 2, 1803. His father (John), a 
 physician of high standing, removed from Connecticut to Ken- 
 tucky before the adoption of the National Constitution. His eld- 
 est brother (Josiah Stoddard) was born in Connecticut in 17S4 and 
 removed with his father to Kentucky, subsequently removed to 
 Louisiana, and in 1824 was returned from that State to the United 
 States Senate and was twice re-elected. Albert Sidney was sent at 
 an early age to the school of Dr. Lewis Marshall, one of the most 
 learned and accomplished scholars of his day and a brother of 
 Chief-Justice Marshall. He was afterwards a student in the 
 Transylvania University, and while there his brother, observing 
 his marked inclination for a military life, induced him to accept 
 an appointment to West Point. He was graduated from the Mili- 
 tary Academy on the 1st of July, 182G, and assigned to the Second 
 Infantry as a brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted a second 
 lieutenant in the Sixth Infantry April 4, 182-7. Both commissions 
 gave him rank from the day he was graduated. He was distin- 
 guished for his attainments in mathematics and the natural 
 sciences. He obtained during his stay at Transylvania a very 
 thorough training in the Latin classics, and an acquaintance with 
 other branches of learning that was useful to him later in life. 
 Twenty-five years afterwards he read and construed Sallust with 
 considerable facility. 
 
 Lieutenant Johnston visited Washington during the fall of 
 
180 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 1826, and in the brilliant and polished society of that period had 
 his first experience of the world. He was a guest at the White 
 House and at Mr. Clay's, and was a favorite in the circle of fash- 
 ionable life. These advantages, however, seemed to make only 
 a slight impression upon his martial nature, which craved a field 
 of action. He was surprised during this visit by an offer from 
 General Scott to make him an aide-de-camp. The temptation of 
 such a brilliant career would have proved irresistible to most 
 men ; but nothing could deter him from his purpose to enter at 
 once upon the more practical service of the camp and the fron- 
 tier, and win his advancement by meritorious acts, not patronage. 
 His declination of the offer prejudiced him in the good opinion of 
 General Scott, who for nearly a generation regarded him with 
 coolness ; but when in his later years he had by conspicuous ser- 
 vices won the entire respect of the commander-in-chief, that re- 
 spect was cordially exhibited with the largest measure of official 
 approbation. This incident illustrates both his theory of life at 
 that time and the unwillingness to owe anything to favor which 
 characterized him throughout his career. When he left the capital 
 he did not again visit it for thirty years, except in passing through 
 on two or three journeys. He served at Sackett's Harbor, N, Y., 
 until May, 1827, when he proceeded to Jefferson Barracks and en- 
 tered upon the usual routine of garrison duty, which was varied 
 in August and September by a participation in an expedition to 
 compel the Winnebagoes to atone for outrages committed upon 
 the white settlers. He was the adjutant of the Sixth Infantry 
 from September 14, 1828, to September 7, 1832 ; possessed the 
 esteem and confidence of the regiment, and developed at that 
 period a forbearance in judging his fellow-man which later in life 
 became one of the most conspicuous traits of his character. 
 
 Lieutenant Johnston's first active service was during the Black 
 Hawk War against the Sac Indians. He accompanied Brevet 
 Brigadier-General Henry Atkinson, colonel of the Sixth Infantry, 
 who commanded the United States forces, as an acting assistant 
 adjutant-general. He was commissioned by Governor John Rey- 
 nolds as an assistant adjutant-general of Illinois volunteers, May 
 9, 1832. with the rank of colonel, and held the position until Oc- 
 tober 11, 1832. This rank was given to him (as it was to several 
 regular officers) in order to secure the ready obedience of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 1S1 
 
 Illinois officers, who refused to obey orders received through stalT 
 officers of less rank than themselves, lie participated in the batl Le 
 of Bad Axe River, August 2, 1832, and served with distinction 
 throughout the campaign, where his soldierly qualities were appre- 
 ciated and commended by his superior officers, who accorded him a 
 high reputation for the wise and successful administration of the 
 duties of his office. His private journal of the operations against 
 Black Hawk was fully endorsed by General Atkinson, and it was 
 accepted by the historian of the campaign as an unquestionable 
 authority. 
 
 While holding his volunteer commission he accepted, May 
 8, 1832, an appointment as aide-de-camp on the staff of General 
 Atkinson, and continued in the duties of the office until Octo- 
 ber 31, 1833, when he availed himself of a leave of absence and 
 subsequently resigned his commission in the Sixth Infantry, to take 
 effect May 31, 1834. He was impelled to this course because of 
 the rapidly failing health of his wife, who died August 12, 1835. 
 After a brief resid-ence on his farm near St. Louis he removed to 
 Louisville in the early part of 1836, and made an effort to secure 
 the consent of the government to a plan which he had in view 
 for establishing a colony in the Sioux country, but it was not 
 favorably considered. He was still doubtful as to -his future when 
 his attention was drawn to the struggle in progress between Texas 
 and Mexico, and later his sympathies were actively enlisted and 
 he gave freely from his resources to assist the Texans in their 
 struggle; and finally, when the United States government had 
 recognized their independence, he resolved to aid them in person, 
 and without further delay made the necessary arrangements and 
 went to Texas. Although he carried with him testimonials of his 
 personal worth and military ability, addressed to the leading men 
 of Texas, he did not use them. 
 
 He did not apply for any position in the Texan army and had 
 no assurance that any rank or command would be offered to 
 him; but his military instincts dominated his nature, and he pro- 
 ceeded to General Sam Houston's headquarters a few days after 
 the battle of San Jacinto. He sympathized, as a man of his tem- 
 perament naturally would, with those who had raised in Texas 
 the standard of resistance against Mexican oppression and mis- 
 government, and he decided to extend the aid of his genius, char- 
 
182 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 acter, and acquirements to their cause. It is said he enlisted, or 
 enrolled himself, as a private soldier in General Rusk's division. 
 If this is true his subsequent career with that army reads like 
 the story of the field-marshals under the First Napoleon. An 
 authority that can hardly be disputed says, " General John- 
 ston entered the Texan army as a private in the cavalry." It 
 was not inconsistent with his character to enlist, in an enthu- 
 siastic spirit, as a private ; but it is not probable that he ever 
 served as such, for another excellent authority says " he was 
 never borne on any muster-roll of the Texan army." Within 
 thirty days after his arrival he was appointed by Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral T. J. Husk, at the instance of Colonel John A. Wharton, 
 then the adjutant-general of the army, to that position in his 
 stead, as Colonel Wharton was compelled to resign because of pri- 
 vate business. 
 
 His commission as adjutant-general and colonel of the Texan 
 army is dated August 5, 1836. President D. G. Burnet, who had 
 been advised of his arrival, appointed him on the same day a 
 colonel in the regular army and assigned him to the duties of 
 adjutant-general of the Republic, and on the 9th of August Gen- 
 eral Sam Houston, the commander-in-chief, appointed him an 
 aide-de-camp with the rank of major. He at once devoted him- 
 self to the organization and tactical instruction of the army, with 
 such marked success that he soon won the commendations of the 
 leaders of the Republic. He exercised the functions of his office 
 until the 16th of November, when he was ordered to New Orleans 
 in the service of the government, and while there was informed 
 by President Sam Houston that he had been appointed the senior 
 brigadier-general of the army, under the law directing a reorgan- 
 ization, to rank as such from December 22, 1836. He arrived at 
 the encampment of the army on the 4th of February, 1837, where 
 he relieved Brigadier-General Felix Huston, who was greatly irri- 
 tated by this act of President Houston — which was not altogether 
 unexpected, as they were not friendly. General Huston Avas a 
 Kentuckian of rash speech and impetuous courage, with generous 
 impulses, who had adventured with others into Texas, and by 
 shrewd management had succeeded to the command of the army 
 after President Houston (then commander-in-chief) had been dis- 
 abled by a wound received at San Jacinto. He regarded his 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 183 
 
 supersedure as a personal affront, and publicly declared that the 
 officer who relieved him would do so at his peril. This threat, 
 looked upon as quite serious, did not deter General Johnston from 
 accepting the appointment. He was courteously received by Gen- 
 eral Huston, who turned over the command with marked civility, 
 and immediately thereafter sent him a formal challenge, which 
 was promptly accepted. They met on the Navidad the next 
 morning, when General Huston, in accordance with established 
 usage and for the purpose of presenting as inconspicuous a 
 mark as possible, buttoned his coat as he took his position ; but 
 General Johnston quietly laid aside coat and vest and bound a yel- 
 low sash around his waist, thus offering himself as a perfect target. 
 General Huston, not caring to be outdone in cool audacity, fol- 
 lowed the example, and five shots were exchanged without injury 
 to either party, although General Huston was skilled in the us*e of 
 a pistol. At the sixth shot General Johnston fell with a ball 
 through his hip, which permanently lamed him. It was feared 
 that he was mortally wounded, and his friend declared the matter 
 should not end there, when General Johnston at once said : " It 
 is my request, in the event of my death, that you shall yield obedi- 
 ence to my second in command, General Huston, and I trust that 
 you will not promote a spirit of insubordination." General Huston 
 bitterly reproached himself for his conduct, and, when his oppo- 
 nent fell, asked permission to approach and express his keen 
 regret for the occurrence. He afterwards became General John- 
 ston's devoted friend and always spoke of him in terms of the 
 highest respect and consideration. 
 
 The duel created a great excitement in the Texan army. It 
 will be remembered, when the Texans were fighting for their in- 
 dependence, that the officers and men were much alike and rules 
 of discipline were not strictly enforced. The result of the duel 
 was to effect a complete change in the sentiment of the army and 
 in favor of General Johnston, who received from the President 
 and Secretary of War perfunctory reprimands, to which were 
 added assurances of esteem and confidence. General Huston ac- 
 cepted the situation and served under General Johnston as second 
 in command. 
 
 It is due to General Johnston to say that he regarded an 
 acceptance of the challenge as a public duty, but that he had 
 
184 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 little respect for the practice of dueling. He once explained, 
 when speaking of the matter, that he believed the safety of the 
 Republic of Texas depended upon the efficiency of the army, and 
 that again upon the discipline and subordination of the troops, 
 which could only be secured by prompt and cheerful obedience to 
 their lawful commander. " General Huston," he said, "embodied 
 the lawless spirit in the army, which had to be met and controlled 
 at whatever personal peril," and he "could not have held the 
 command of the army for one hour if he had shown the least 
 hesitation in meeting him." He undoubtedly believed this and 
 "yielded to the force of imperious sentiment." But if he had 
 been killed the principle of insubordination he ventured his life 
 to suppress would have completely triumphed. The precedent 
 of accepting a challenge to mortal combat from a subordinate 
 officer, for no other cause than his supersedure in command, 
 cannot be too severely condemned. Yet some concession must 
 be granted to the peculiar situation in which General Johnston 
 was placed. 
 
 General Johnston was appointed Secretary of War, December 
 16, 1838, by President M. B. Lamar, and while occupying this 
 position organized, in 1839, an expedition against the Cherokees, 
 and was present at the decisive engagement on the Nueces River, 
 where the enemy, seven hundred strong, were defeated by the Texan 
 troops. He displayed in the War Department the skill of a sol- 
 dier combined with the ability and discretion of a civilian. He re- 
 tired from the position in February, 1840, during the administra- 
 tion of President Lamar, carrying with him the confidence and 
 admiration of the people, lie then, at the age of thirty-seven 
 years, proposed to devote himself to planting on the Brazos River, 
 in Brazoria County, Texas, and returned to Kentucky and Mis- 
 souri for the purpose of selling his real estate with the view of 
 re-investing the proceeds in the China Grove plantation. Dur- 
 ing this period he was urged by many leading citizens to stand 
 as a candidate for the presidency of Texas, as the only man 
 around whom all the opposition against General Sam Houston 
 could be rallied ; but he utterly refused the use of his name 
 against his old friend Judge Burnet, who was at that time the 
 vice-president and a candidate for the succession. While in 
 Kentucky he was married, at Lynch Station, near Shelbyville, Oc- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 185 
 
 tober 3, 1843. He then returned to Texas and became an ardent 
 and enthusiastic advocate of annexation to the United States, and 
 exerted all his influence, which was very great, to secure its con- 
 summation. In other respects he remained quietly withdrawn 
 from public life until the beginning of the war with Mexico, when 
 General Taylor requested his presence at Point Isabel, lie at once 
 volunteered as a private soldier, collected a few friends, appointed 
 a rendezvous at Point Isabel, and, as there were no vessels, mount- 
 ed his horse and joined the general, and was elected, July 8, 1846, 
 colonel of the First Texas Rifle Volunteers ; but, the term of en- 
 listment being for three months, the regiment was disbanded at 
 Camargo on the 24th of August. Being unwilling to leave the 
 scene of active operations, General Taylor appointed him, Septem- 
 ber 1, 1846, acting inspector-general (with the rank of colonel) for 
 the field division of volunteers under Major-General William 0. 
 Butler, and in this capacity he took an active and distinguished 
 part in the operations about, and the storming of, Monterey, 
 where his horse was thrice wounded. He was thanked by General 
 Butler in official dispatches for his conduct upon that memorable 
 occasion, and was urged by Generals Taylor and Butler for an 
 appointment as a brigadier-general of volunteers. General Hooker, 
 in a letter dated June 3, 1875, written to a son of General John- 
 ston, says: "The coolness and magnificent presence your father 
 displayed at Monterey left an impression upon my mind that I have 
 never forgotten." The government held (and properly so) that 
 General Taylor's act assigning General Johnston to duty with the 
 army as an acting inspector-general gave him no legal status. He 
 was accordingly discharged from the position, without pay, Oc- 
 tober 1, 1846, and returned with great reluctance to his planting 
 business on the Brazos River. 
 
 When General Taylor became President he appointed him 
 (October 31, 1849) a paymaster in the army with the rank of ma- 
 jor. He continued in the discharge of the duties of that position, 
 principally in Texas, until the organization of the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, when the President appointed him the colonel 
 of the regiment, to date from March 3, 1855. 
 
 After the annexation of Texas his great desire was to return to 
 the regular army, lie took little interest in anything except mili- 
 tary affairs, but as there was no increase of the regular establish- 
 
186 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ment his only chance was in the Pay Department ; and, while his 
 first appointment was, under the circumstances, very gratifying, 
 he was delighted beyond measure when appointed the colonel of 
 the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, which was due to the unanimous 
 recommendation of the Texas Legislature, the strong friendship 
 and influence of the Secretary of War, and the personal knowledge 
 the President had of his fitness for the position, and he expressed 
 himself as the most contented man in the United States. 
 
 Colonel Johnston assumed the command of the regiment at 
 Louisville, Ky., on the 28th of May, 1855, and was appointed in 
 July a member of a Cavalry Equipment Board, the proceedings of 
 which were formulated in orders to the army. He was then as- 
 signed to general court-martial duty at Fort Leavenworth, and re- 
 joined the regiment at Jefferson Barracks in October and con- 
 ducted it to Fort Belknap, Texas, whence he marched with the 
 headquarters and six companies to Fort Mason, where he arrived 
 January 14, 185G. He was assigned, April 1, 185G, to the com- 
 mand of the Department of Texas, which he retained until May 
 18, 1857, when he was relieved by General David E. Twiggs. He 
 directed the field operations of the troops, and his good manage- 
 ment was shown in the successes achieved and the comparative 
 quiet enjoyed by the settlers upon that distant frontier. His uni- 
 form dignity of manner made him always conspicuous without 
 any effort on his part, and he enjoyed the esteem and confidence of 
 all classes of citizens. He had never entered into any of their 
 quarrels, and he probably had more influence over them than any 
 officer who had ever been in the State. This was due to his fine 
 sense of justice, and the good judgment which enabled him to avoid 
 disagreeable controversies. He was a model regimental com- 
 mander — always just, quite practical, quick in decision, and not 
 afraid of responsibility. In all matters where his military rights 
 were involved he was exacting. In his social relations he w r as a 
 generous man. When he arrived at Fort Mason he found only 
 three small buildings, each containing two rooms. He had his 
 wife and three children with him, but he took only one room in 
 one of the houses, giving up the other to one of the married offi- 
 cers. This unselfish spirit was manifested at all times during his 
 service with the regiment. 
 
 When Colonel Johnston was relieved from the command of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 187 
 
 regiment, July 28, 1857, it was for the purpose of assigning him 
 to distant service. He repaired to Washington and there received, 
 late in August, his orders as follows : 
 
 "It being deemed inadvisable to detach Brevet Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral Harney from service in Kansas, Colonel A. S. Johnston, Second 
 Cavalry, is assigned to the command of the Utah expedition, and 
 will proceed to join the same without delay." 
 
 While it is not the intention to present here a narrative of the 
 causes which led to the Mormon rebellion, it may he stated that the 
 leaders of that people had established a theocracy as absolute as any 
 ever recorded in history. They did not want officials who were not 
 of their faith, and they would not tolerate those who were unwilling 
 to execute their behests. They resented all efforts to assert the 
 national authority, and only permitted a semblance thereof upon 
 the tacit agreement that the real sovereignty should remain with 
 their chief leader as territorial governor. Overt acts of treason 
 were committed, until finally the third set of judges and other 
 officials were compelled to leave the Territory. The President, 
 having determined to end this conflict of authority, appointed new 
 officials, and ordered a military force to protect them from the vio- 
 lence shown their predecessors, and act as a posse comitatus, if 
 necessary, in the execution of the laws. When the news of this 
 action reached Salt Lake City, in Jul)-, it produced a great ex- 
 citement. The leaders prepared to resist the government, and 
 proclaimed that the troops should not enter Salt Lake Valley. 
 The natural resources and mountain fastnesses of Utah seemed to 
 make the Territory an impregnable stronghold. The government 
 had expected turbulence in the settlement of the question of au- 
 thority, but it had not anticipated an armed rebellion ; the season 
 was far advanced before the troops began the march, and then they 
 moved forward in an irregular manner and without any definite 
 plan. 
 
 Colonel Johnston was not personally known to the President, 
 nor was he at that time a leading favorite with the general-in- 
 chief, who had expressed the opinion in 1855 that the positions of 
 Johnston and Lee in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry should have 
 been reversed, although the appointments were good. Colonel 
 
188 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Johnston had yet to win a cordial exhibition of entire respect 
 from General Scott ; but a more judicious selection for the unac- 
 ceptable service could not have been made. It was too late for 
 him to organize the expedition. He could only hasten to the front 
 and correct any errors that had been committed and guard against 
 disasters. He proceeded to Fort Leavenworth, set out from that, 
 place about the middle of September with a selected escort from the 
 Second Dragoons, and moved with such celerity that he arrived at 
 South Pass — nine hundred and twenty miles — in twenty-seven 
 days. His troops and supplies were stretched over nearly one 
 thousand miles of road between Fort Kearney and Salt Lake. 
 Fears were entertained that if the troops succeeded in reaching 
 their destination it would only be by abandoning the greater part of 
 their supplies and endangering the lives of many men by exposure 
 to the winter storms of the Kocky Mountains. He determined to 
 reach his destination and secure the expedition against such a 
 calamity, which the rapidly approaching winter was threatening. 
 Before he arrived at Fort Laramie the enemy had moved to the 
 rear of Colonel Alexander's command and destroyed a supply-train 
 numbering seventy-five wagons. He pushed forward reinforce- 
 ments to the remaining trains, but the teamsters became frightened 
 .•and delayed progress. His presence on the road, however, restored 
 confidence and encouraged the timid, while the trains, now as- 
 sured of protection, moved forward with more dispatch. He 
 finally joined the expedition, in November, on Ham's Fork of 
 •Green River, Utah, and, moving to the vicinity of Fort Bridger, 
 established his winter quarters on Henry's Fork of Green River. 
 
 Colonel Johnston was subjected to the severest test of soldierly 
 qualities during this extraordinary march. In the presence of an 
 unexpected enemy, and threatened by the storms of an unusually 
 inclement season, he gathered his widely separated detachments 
 into a compact army and secured them in a place of comparative 
 safety. He won a victory over the elements and contended against 
 a winter more formidable than the enemy he was dispatched to 
 conquer. The mountain-passes were filled with snow, rendering 
 progress simply impossible. His animals died by hundreds and 
 his men endured severe hardships. He was remote from supplies 
 and assistance, and his condition attracted an interest of no ordi- 
 nary character throughout the country. In the face of all these 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 189 
 
 obstacles his administration of affairs was successful and the re- 
 sults in every respect satisfactory to his superiors. By a firm and 
 judicious exercise of the powers intrusted to him he so far settled 
 the difficulties by the spring of 1858 that the surveillance of mili- 
 tary authority was no longer necessary; for when the Mormon 
 leaders beheld his army fed, sheltered, and ready for field-service 
 as soon as the season opened, their hearts failed them, and, catch- 
 ing at the amnesty proclamation of the President, they made their 
 submission and surrendered, to the lawfully appointed officers, the 
 civil functions of the Territory. 
 
 General P. F. Smith was assigned in April to the command of 
 the Department of Utah. Colonel Johnston, who had. been ap- 
 pointed a brevet brigadier-general, to date from November 18, 
 1857, for meritorious conduct in the ability, zeal, energy, and 
 prudence displayed by him in command of the army in Utah, was 
 also assigned to duty in the department according to his brevet 
 rank, in anticipation of the arrival of the regiment ; but the 
 changed condition of affairs in Utah rendered unnecessary so large 
 a force, as was at first anticipated, and resulted in an absolute re- 
 vocation of the orders after the regiment had been concentrated 
 near Fort Belknap. He then requested an order returning him to 
 duty with it; but the sudden death of General Smith while pre- 
 paring to march with the reinforcements to Utah, and the trans- 
 fer of General Harney to St. Louis, changed the plans, and in June 
 Colonel Johnston was assigned to the command of the department. 
 The general-in chief, having been informed of the arrival of the 
 troops at their destination in Salt Lake Valley, commended them 
 in a general order for their exemplary conduct under the trying 
 circumstances in which they had been placed, and closed his order 
 with the following graceful and merited tribute : " Brevet Briga- 
 dier-General Johnston has had the honor to be supported by officers 
 of great intelligence, zeal, and experience. Yet it is not to be 
 doubted that to his own high soldierly qualities, untiring exertions, 
 tact, and sound judgment the credit for the condition and high 
 tone of his army is pre-eminently due." 
 
 And thus, after a lapse of thirty- two years, General Scott for- 
 gave the decision of the young subaltern, recognized fully the 
 successes of his mature manhood, and freely gave him the largest 
 measure of 'official approbation. He continued in command of the 
 
190 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Department of Utah until the forces there stationed were ordered, 
 in March, 18G0, to be reduced. He was instructed, after arrang- 
 ing the details for the movements of the troops, to consider himself 
 relieved and then report in person at the War Department. He 
 proceeded East about the 1st of June, and availed himself of a 
 leave of absence. He was then selected by the Secretary of War 
 to command the South-western Department ; but, for personal 
 reasons having reference to the disturbed condition of the country, 
 he did not wish to go there, and made up his mind to resign rather 
 than do so. He placed his preferences for California before the 
 Secretary, and, aided by the influence of General Scott, was as- 
 signed in November to the Pacific coast. He proceeded to San 
 Francisco, and on January 15, 1861, assumed command of the 
 Department of the Pacific, which had been created by the con- 
 solidation of the departments of California and Oregon. 
 
 About this time a number of highly influential citizens 
 planned to bring his name before the country as a candidate for 
 President. A lengthy and interesting correspondence followed, in 
 which were displayed his well-balanced mind and sound practical 
 judgment. The following excerpts from his letters are sufficient 
 to illustrate his opinions concerning the proposition : 
 
 "Your partiality, my friend, would draw me from a vocation 
 and duties for which, from my education and taste, I have, I be- 
 lieve, some qualification, to place me upon an arena which, with 
 my views of it, would seem to demand a life-long familiarity with 
 the objects and operations of our institutions to do justice to the 
 requirements of so responsible a position. I will not consent, but 
 will rather imitate your own example when civic honors were offered 
 to you." 
 
 And again : 
 
 "If I had you to write my answer declining the proffered 
 honor, if by any chance it should be offered, I could, by displaying 
 the folly of our people in selecting men for public office without 
 any regard to their fitness by education and training for the par- 
 ticular duties they are called upon to perform, more entitle myself 
 to their good opinion than by accepting. My education, my taste, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 191 
 
 and my ambition, if I have any, would find nothing congenial in 
 the performance of the duties of a civil office. If success were 
 certain I still have honor and patriotism enough to say that there 
 are others much more capable and more fit for the station, who 
 ought to have precedence." 
 
 The beginning of the war of the Rebellion found Colonel 
 Johnston (assigned on his brevet rank) in command of the Pa^ 
 cific States. While he was not a politician, he was committed to 
 the doctrine of State allegiance. He declined the command of 
 the South-western Department because he held, if Texas should 
 secede, that he would be bound in honor to surrender the public 
 property intrusted to his care to the National authorities. He 
 was incapable of betraying a trust ; but, being persuaded that his 
 adopted State had a paramount claim upon him, he would not con- 
 sent to be placed in a position where he might be compelled to an- 
 tagonize it. The letters written by him about this time show that 
 he viewed with alarm the threatened dissolution of the National 
 Union. It is believed by many who are familiar with his views 
 that he asked for an assignment to the Department of the Pacific, 
 so as to be removed from any participation in the impending issue. 
 It was his openly avowed judgment that the sword was not the 
 remedy for the existing difficulties, and he always congratulated 
 himself that he had never contributed in any way to bring on the 
 conflict. 
 
 When he learned that Texas had seeded he tendered his resig- 
 nation, April 9, 1861, and it was accepted May 3, 1861. He was 
 relieved from command by Brigadier-General Edwin V. Sumner 
 April 25, 1861, and thus was severed for ever his connection with 
 the United States army. A dictionary of American biography 
 charges him with having engaged in a conspiracy to surrender the 
 State of California to the Confederates, the consummation of 
 which was only frustrated by the timely arrival of his successor 
 in command. No statement could be further from the truth. 
 When he was informed that a plot existed to seize Alcatraz he 
 removed several thousand muskets from the Benicia arsenal, where 
 they were greatly exposed, to the island, and then informed the 
 governor that they could be used, if necessary, by the State militia 
 to suppress insurrection. His integrity was so universally recog- 
 
192 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 nized that lie was not approached upon the subject of establishing 
 a Pacific republic, which was favored by many in the event of a 
 dissolution of the National Union. His resignation was withheld 
 from the newspapers until after he had been relieved from com- 
 mand, to guard against any bad effect which bis act might have 
 upon others ; and he declared that so long as he held his commis- 
 sion he would maintain the authority of the government to the 
 last extremity. He informed the governor of California that he 
 had devoted the greater part of his life to the service of the coun- 
 try, and that while he held her commission he would serve her 
 honorably and faithfully ; and he afterwards said to his friends, 
 referring to the command he had held, "If I had proved faithless 
 here how could my own people ever trust me ?" The order direct- 
 ing General Sumner to relieve Colonel Johnston also directed 
 him to report at Washington. He was advised by letter that he 
 enjoyed the confidence of the Secretary of War, and that upon 
 arrival he would be assigned to an important command. W T hen 
 General Sumner was informed of his resignation he urged him to 
 recall it, and conveyed to him the message of General Scott "that 
 he desired his presence for active service " ; and in a report to the 
 adjutant-general of the army, dated April 28, 1861, he said: 
 "It gives me pleasure to state that the command was turned over 
 to me in good order. General Johnston had forwarded his resig- 
 nation before I arrived, but he continued to hold the command 
 and was carrying out the orders of the government." When the 
 President was made acquainted with these facts he executed a 
 major-general's commission for Colonel Johnston; but having been 
 informed that he had already started for Texas, the commission 
 was canceled. 
 
 He removed with his family to Los Angeles, Cal., where 
 he remained until about the middle of June, when, with a few 
 armed associates, he crossed the country lying between California 
 and Texas, and arrived at Richmond early in September. He was 
 appointed a general in the Confederate army, to date from May 
 28, 1861, and, ranking all others in that grade who were expected 
 to take an active part in field operations, was at once assigned 
 to the command of the Department of the West, which included 
 the States of Tennessee and Arkansas ; that part of Mississippi 
 west of the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern and Cen. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 193 
 
 tral Railway; the military operations in Kentucky, Missouri, 
 Kansas, and the Indian country immediately west of Missouri and 
 Arkansas. lie entered upon the duties of this command ut 
 Columbus, Ky., on the 15th of September, and soon realized that 
 his resources were inadequate for the lines of defense. He made 
 pressing calls for more troops; those he had were poorly armed, im- 
 perfectly organized, and indifferently disciplined. The National 
 forces occupied strong positions in his front. The Cumberland 
 River, in his rear, was capable at times of floating the largest 
 steamboats to Nashville ; the Tennessee River, traversing the en- 
 tire State, w r as also capable of floating gunboats to Alabama ; 
 while the National land and naval forces were already formidable 
 near the mouths of both rivers. He soon experienced the fate of 
 all commanders who do not move as quickly and win victories as 
 rapidly as non-combatants would have them do. There were 
 clamors for a movement against Louisville and for a Northern 
 invasion, and taunts concerning his former reputation, and it was 
 said that he was slow and over-cautious. Having been warned 
 that the National forces were preparing to advance towards Bowl- 
 ing Green, Ky., General Johnston moved with the principal part 
 of his troops from Columbus to that place, where he arrived on 
 the 14th of October and assumed direct command on the 2Sth. 
 He held this position, inviting an attack upon his works, until the 
 Confederate defeat at Mill Springs, Ky., and the fall of Forts 
 Henry and Donelson compelled his retreat to Nashville and thence 
 to Murfreesboro, leaving the former city for National occupation. 
 He has been criticised for a seeming inaction during the opera- 
 tions against Forts Henry and Donelson. These works formed a 
 part of his lines, which extended from Columbus to the mountain 
 region of Eastern Kentucky. He remained at Bowling Green 
 when it seems that he should have been present at these attacks, 
 because from his own reports he expected that the National forces 
 would operate by the rivers and there attempt to break his lines. 
 The fall of Fort Henry threatened the seizure of the Nashville 
 and Memphis Railway, which, if accomplished, would sever the 
 connection between Columbus and Bowling Green, thus threaten- 
 ing the rear of both places. It was certain that an attack upon 
 Fort Donelson would soon follow ; and, although the Confederate 
 reports do not show that reinforcements had been called for, Gcn- 
 13 
 
194 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 oral Johnston committed, in the judgment of most military men, a 
 serious mistake when he permitted Fort Donelson to be captured 
 without first putting every available man at that critical point, 
 thus giving his army the courage of numbers and the inspira- 
 tion of his presence. The far-reaching effects of these National 
 successes were to open three rivers — the Mississippi, the Tennes- 
 see, and the Cumberland — utterly destroying General Johnston's 
 chances for success in West and Middle Tennessee, and forcing his 
 lines back to the south bank of the Tennessee River, finally taking 
 a position at Corinth to protect Mississippi and control the railway 
 system at that place. 
 
 It has been said for him that the political attitude of Kentucky 
 was favorable to the National authority ; that his forces were so 
 inferior that any aggressive movement would have betrayed his 
 weakness; that how and where to maintain the semblance of a 
 force sufficient for defense until he could create an army was the 
 problem he was called upon to solve ; and that it was not his fault 
 that the Confederate lines were broken by the fall of these badly 
 planned works. The facts of history are that Fort Henry fell on 
 the 6th of February and Fort Donelson fell ten days later. Gen- 
 eral Johnston began the retreat from Bowling Green on the 11th, 
 and when Fort Donelson fell he was south of Nashville. The 
 loss of Fort Donelson involved the surrender of the Cumberland 
 Valley, and there was nothing else to do but retreat to the south 
 bank of the Tennessee River ; but he began the retreat before the 
 fall of that place, having intrusted the command to incompetent 
 generals. He was held responsible as department commander for 
 the fall of Forts Henry and Donelson, the evacuation of Colum- 
 bus, the abandonment of the theatre of war in Kentucky, Ala- 
 bama, and Mississippi, and the crushing defeat at Pea Eidge, Ark., 
 which permanently crippled the Confederacy west of the Mississippi 
 River. It has been claimed that if General Johnston had moved 
 in person with the principal part of his forces on the Cumberland 
 River, after the fall of Fort Henry, he might have held the Na- 
 tional troops in check, if not forced them back to the Ohio River. 
 Perhaps if he had made the movement the results would have been 
 the same ; for it must be remembered that these events occurred 
 about the beginning of the war, when the generals on both sides 
 were unaccustomed to manoeuvring large armies, and that he com- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 195 
 
 manded the weaker force. However, the result forced him to aban- 
 don Kentucky and Tennessee, and to retreat by the way of Nashville 
 and Murfreesboro to Corinth, on the Tennessee River, and there 
 make an effort to establish new lines in Alabama and Mississippi, 
 and retrieve, if possible, the disasters which lie had encountered. 
 The demand for his removal from command was widespread, be- 
 cause it was said that he was no general ; but those in authority 
 replied : " If lie is not a general we had better give up the war, 
 for we have no generals." General Johnston preserved amid all 
 this dissatisfaction a dignified silence, because such a policy seemed 
 to best serve the interests of the Confederacy; but he indicated 
 in one of his letters how keenly lie felt the criticisms by writing 
 these words: "The test of merit in my profession, with the 
 people, is success. It is a hard rule, but I think it right." 
 
 After effecting a junction with Beauregard, Bragg, and Polk at 
 Corinth, he determined to attack the National army, which was 
 then near Pittsburg Landing, on the Tennessee River, and formed 
 his plans to open the battle on the morning of the 5th of April ; 
 but his movements were delayed by heavy rains, in consequence of 
 which he was unable to make the attack until the morning of the 
 6 tli. Shiloli was one of the most important and desperately fought 
 battles of the war, the details of which belong to general history, 
 and they are not necessary for the purposes of this memoir further 
 than to say that the result destroyed the prestige of the Confederacy 
 in the South-west ; and that it was a profound, if not irreparable, 
 misfortune to the Southern leaders. 
 
 During the first day of the battle, and when General Johnston, 
 handsomely mounted, was urging forward his troops and directing 
 a charge for the purpose of turning the National right flank, a 
 minie-ball cut the popliteal artery of his right leg where that 
 artery divides into the tibial arteries. It seems that in the excite- 
 ment of the battle he did not notice the wound, or, if he did, that 
 he did not regard it as a dangerous one. He reeled suddenly in 
 the saddle and was assisted to the ground a dying man. Before a 
 tourniquet could be applied he had fainted, and he expired at half- 
 past two o'clock p.m. from the loss of blood, but painlessly. Be- 
 sides the wound which killed him he received three other hits— on 
 the right thigh ; just above and to the rear of the right hip ; and 
 once by a ball cutting the left boot sole entirely in two. He died- 
 
196 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 just before the turn in the tide of battle, when he believed that he 
 had won a victory ; and in the supreme excitement of that moment 
 we may readily believe that he was unconscious of the wound, or 
 indifferent concerning it, because his knowledge of surgery was 
 adequate for its control by an extemporized tourniquet, and it is 
 quite probable, if he had given it attention at the proper time, that 
 he would not have died, for the wound was not necessarily fatal. 
 
 Thus fell General Johnston on the 6th of April, 1862, at 
 Shiloh, after a brief career in the Confederate service. Until his 
 reverses came in the Department of the West no shadows had ever 
 rested upon his military fame. He was esteemed by military 
 men as the ablest general in the Confederate service. He was 
 essentially a man of the frontier ; was well adapted to command 
 a Western army, and gave to the Kebellion a military experience 
 surpassing any other leader. He died too early in the war to 
 acquire that great fame which many who knew him believed he 
 would ; but this much is certain, that to the hour of his death he 
 was the foremost military man of the Confederacy. While he 
 was a strict disciplinarian, he was not a martinet. He was a 
 thoroughly conscientious man, and never permitted personal feel- 
 ings to influence his official actions. He always refused valuable 
 gifts, and in the many alternations of his fortunes preserved an 
 unblemished integrity. When he resigned his commission in the 
 United States army he had but fifteen hundred dollars, and he 
 said in one of his letters that the act brought him "face to face 
 with poverty." 
 
 His vigorous frame and soldierly qualities commanded respect 
 and confidence. He was six feet and one inch in height, large-boned 
 but rather loosely put together; broad-shouldered, deep-chested, 
 and thin-flanked. His brown hair was tinged with gray. He had 
 a high forehead and heavy brows that shadowed deep-set and clear, 
 blue-gray eyes having a kind, sincere, and penetrating look, but 
 when he was excited they flashed to a steel-gray ; high cheek- 
 bones, an irregular nose, a fine mouth with rather thin lips firmly 
 set, except when smiling ; a delicate chin and regular teeth. II 
 naturally clear white and red complexion had been changed by 
 constant exposure to a dark brown. His manners were gentle and 
 winning, while his countenance was dignified and commanding, 
 even stern in repose, but without a sign of austerity upon it. His 
 
 IS 
 
MILITABY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 197 
 
 features showed Scotch lineage and indicated resolution and in- 
 tense character, while his temperate habits had preserved for him 
 a youthful vigor rarely found in men of his age. As a com- 
 mander he was markedly reticent, but in the social circle he was 
 an agreeable talker and a good listener. He was esteemed for his 
 truth and simplicity, uniform kindness of temper, strong sense of 
 dity, clear and calm judgment, decision and tenacity; for his 
 executive ability and wide experience in military affairs. lie was 
 without reproach in the private walks of life, caring but little, 
 however, for general society, where he seldom presented himself, 
 except upon important occasions. 
 
 " In the annals of America anterior to the war the name of 
 Albert Sidney Johnston belonged both to history and romance, 
 and shared equally the page of great national events and that of 
 remarkable personal adventure. His life had been passed not only 
 in camps but in exploring the wilderness, in founding new homes, 
 in pursuing the excitements of new countries, and running there 
 the career from the humble individual to the high state official 
 commanding honors Avon by spirit and perseverance." 
 
 His remains received temporary burial in the St. Louis Ceme- 
 tery at New Orleans until January, 1867, when, in compliance 
 with his expressed wish and a joint resolution of the Legislature 
 of Texas, they were removed to Austin and interred in the State 
 cemetery at that place on the 2d of February, 1867, where they 
 now rest. 
 
 2. George H. Thomas was born in Southampton County, 
 Va., July 31,1816. His father was of English, or more remotely 
 of Welsh, descent, and his mother came from an old Huguenot 
 family. His appointment to the Military Academy was a reward 
 for an act of youthful daring— the exposure of his life for the pre- 
 servation of the lives and property of his neighbors. He was 
 graduated on the 1st of July, 1840, and assigned to the Third 
 Artillery as a second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regi- 
 ment, a first lieutenant April 30, 1844, and a captain December 24, 
 
198 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 1853. He served at Fort Columbus, N. Y., 1840 ; participated in 
 the Florida War, and was engaged in Major Wade's capture of 
 seventy Seminole Indians in November, 1841 ; was made a brevet 
 first lieutenant, to date from November 6, 1841, for gallantry and 
 good conduct in the war against the Florida Indians ; served at 
 New Orleans Barracks, Fort Moultrie, Fort McHenry, and on re- 
 cruiting service, 1842-45. He served with the Army of Occupa- 
 tion in Texas and in the Mexican War, and was engaged in the 
 defense of Fort Brown and in the battles of Monterey and Buena 
 Vista. It is said that to his coolness General Taylor was largely 
 indebted for success at Buena Yista. Lieutenant Thomas belonged 
 to Captain Bragg's Battery, and directed the fire of a section, 
 seemingly as unconcerned as if he were participating in the cere- 
 monies of a dress-parade. He was made a brevet captain, to date 
 from September 23, 1846, for gallant conduct in the several con- 
 flicts at Monterey, and a brevet major, to date from February 23, 
 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Buena 
 Vista; and after the war the citizens of Southampton County, Va., 
 presented him with a sword in recognition of his distinguished ser- 
 vices. He returned to garrison duty at the mouth of the Eio 
 Grande, and was engaged against the Seminoles 1849-50. He was 
 an instructor of cavalry and artillery tactics at West Point from 
 April, 1851, to May, 1854, where he was conspicuous for conscien- 
 tious devotion to duty. He then returned to frontier service, 
 and was commanding Fort Yuma when he was appointed, in 
 July, 1855, junior major of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from May 12, 1855. He joined the regiment in September, and 
 marched with it (en route to Texas) to Fort Washita, where he 
 was detached for general court-martial service, and later was dis- 
 patched to New York to enlist men for the regimental band. He 
 rejoined in May, 1856, and served at Forts Mason and Belknap, 
 San Antonio and Camp Cooper, and was employed on general 
 court-martial service at Iiinggold Barracks, Fort Brown, Indian- 
 ola, and Camp Cooper, lie commanded the regiment from 
 October 21, 1857, to November 12, 1860, and was ordered, in April, 
 1858, to march it from Fort Belknap to Fort Leavenworth ; but 
 the termination of the Utah troubles caused a revocation of the 
 order, and he was assigned to Camp Cooper, where he had station 
 until the end of his tour of duty in Texas. He commanded, July- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 199 
 
 August, 1859, the escort that conducted the Texas Indians to their 
 new home in the Indian Territory; an expedition, October-No- 
 vember, 1859, to the upper waters of the Red and Canadian rivers; 
 and the expedition to the head-waters of the Colorado River, July- 
 August, 18G0, and was twice wounded in an engagement with 
 hostile Indians on the Salt Branch of the Brazos River on tho 
 26th of August. He relinquished the command of the regiment 
 in November, 1860, and was enjoying a leave of absence when 
 General Twiggs surrendered the Department of Texas to the 
 insurgents. 
 
 Whatever may have been the opinions of Major Thomas concern- 
 ing the doctrine of State allegiance, no man ever heard him utter a 
 hostile sentiment against the National authority. He repeated his 
 oath of allegiance to the United States, and unhesitatingly took his 
 stand in favor of the country and against an armed rebellion. He 
 met the first detachment of the regiment upon its arrival in New 
 York Harbor on the 11th of April, 18G1, and conducted it to 
 Carlisle Barracks. The second detachment arrived a few days 
 later, but so urgent was the demand for troops that six of the ten 
 companies were detached from him. He was promoted lieutenant- 
 colonel of the regiment April 25, 1861, and a few days later 
 succeeded to the colonelcy, to date from May 3, 1861, vice Johnston, 
 resigned. For twenty years he had run the usual career of an army 
 officer of that period, and had served with distinction in Florida, 
 in the war with Mexico, and on the frontiers. There was nothing 
 demonstrative about him. Those who knew him at Carlisle and 
 during the summer of 1861 remember his simple dignity, unassum- 
 ing manners, and quiet method of encouraging those who needed 
 encouragement. In stature he towered above ordinary men, and 
 seemed like a tawny lion in repose, totally unconscious of the 
 great and enduring fame which he was destined to achieve. He 
 was ordered, in June, to report to General Patterson, who was 
 organizing an army at Chambersburg, Pa., and was assigned to the 
 command of a brigade which was composed of the headquarters 
 and four companies of the regiment, the Philadelphia City Troop, 
 two batteries of artillery, an independent company, and three 
 regiments of Pennsylvania volunteers. He commanded this 
 brigade in tho operations in the Shenandoah Valley during the 
 summer of 1861, moving to Hagerstown and Darnestown, Md., 
 
200 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 in the latter part of June, crossing the Potomac River near Wil- 
 liamsport on the 2d of July and participating in the action at 
 Falling Waters, where, by a rapid deployment of his brigade (which 
 was in the advance) against the left flank of the enemy, he forced 
 a retreat which was pursued four miles by the National troops. 
 He also participated in the skirmishes at Martinsburg and Bunker 
 Hill during the advance towards Winchester, his brigade leading 
 at both places, while his cavalry pursued the enemy at Bunker 
 Hill until they were completely routed. When General J. E. 
 Johnston retired to Winchester, Colonel Thomas urged an advance 
 for the purpose of forcing an engagement, to prevent the enemy 
 from marching through Ashby's Gap to unite with other Confed- 
 erate forces for the purpose of fighting the battle of Bull Bun ; 
 but General Patterson thought that Winchester was too strongly 
 fortified, and, when informed by his officers that General John- 
 ston was moving from Winchester towards Ashby's Gap, instead 
 of attempting to strike the enemy he marched in the opposite 
 direction to Charlestovvn, and thence to Harper's Ferry, where he 
 terminated the campaign. 
 
 Two incidents occurred during these operations which illustrate 
 the temperament of Colonel Thomas on the field. Before cross- 
 ing the army into Virginia a force under General Cadwalader was 
 moved over the Potomac, and when near Falling Waters a line of 
 battle was formed and a furious fire was directed against a wood in 
 which the enemy were supposed to be concealed. Some one said 
 to him : "The brigade on the right seems to be hotly engaged." 
 He quietly made almost the same answer that Kinglake attributes 
 to Lord Baglan at the Alma: "I hear no return shots." And, 
 again, a young officer who was attempting to explain a neglect of 
 duty upon the theory that he supposed the matter under discussion 
 was a joke was curtly informed that "there must be no joking 
 about military affairs." 
 
 During the progress of these events influences were at work to 
 eecure him a command in the volunteer forces. The President was 
 slow to act, because many officers of Southern birth had resigned 
 — some doing so after the battle of Bull Bun ; but, upon the 
 recommendations of General Hubert Anderson and General William 
 T. Sherman (then colonel of the Thirteenth Infantry), he was 
 appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from August 
 
MILITARY KECOKDS OF OFFICERS. 201 
 
 17, 18G1, and assigned to the Department of the Cumberland. He 
 relinquished the command of the regiment on the 28th of August 
 and hastened to Camp Dick Robinson, Ky., where he organized 
 six regiments of Kentucky and Tennessee volunteers. He was 
 assigned in November to command a division of the Army of the 
 Ohio, and was second in command under General Btiell. Ilis line 
 of operations extended from Lexington towards the Cumberland 
 Gap and Ford, and while holding this position he won the first 
 substantial victory of the war at Mill Springs, Ky., January 19, 
 1862— the first dawn of hope west of the battle-ground of Vir- 
 ginia. The courage that attacked the Confederate forces in their 
 intrenchments, and pursued them until they were completely van- 
 quished, brought his name conspicuously before the country, and 
 in his prompt and spirited conduct were recognized the sterling 
 qualities of a soldier, while the government gave a substantial 
 recognition of the important service which he had rendered by 
 appointing him a major-general of volunteers, to date from April 
 25, 1862. A sword was voted to him, after the battle, by the 
 Fourth Kentucky Mounted Infantry, but the ceremony of presen- 
 tation did not take place until the army had reached Chattanooga, 
 about the 1st of October, 1863. 
 
 General Thomas participated, with his division as the reserve 
 of the Army of the Ohio, during the spring of 1862 in the move- 
 ment against Nashville, when the enemy retreated to Murfrees- 
 boro, and thence to Corinth, on the Tennessee Eiver. When the 
 armies were reorganized a few days after the battle of Shiloh he 
 was transferred to and commanded the right wing of the Army of 
 the Tennessee, and served in that position until after the siege of 
 Corinth, when he was relieved and reassigned to his division in the 
 Army of the Ohio. The evacuation of Corinth added another 
 victory to the list of National successes in the South-west, changed 
 the aspect of affairs in West Tennessee, and opened the valley of 
 the Mississippi. The enemy were in a position of their own selec- 
 tion, commanding two important railways, and were capable of 
 making a stubborn defense; yet they abandoned the position with- 
 in a month after operations had been fairly begun. They chal- 
 lenged the National army to leave the Tennessee River and meet them 
 at their chosen stronghold. The challenge was accepted by an 
 advance and a siege worthy of a prominent place in the history of 
 
202 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the war, and during which General Thomas was one of the most 
 conspicuous actors. He continued on duty until the end of the 
 year in Mississippi, Alabama. Kentucky, and Tennessee, command- 
 ing at Corinth, guarding the Memphis and Charleston Eailway, 
 commanding Decherd, McMinnville, and Nashville, participating in 
 the pursuit of the enemy towards Louisville ; was second in com- 
 mand of the Army of the Ohio during the advance into Kentucky 
 (having declined to supersede General Buell), and commanded the 
 right wing of the army at the battle of Perryville. There is good 
 reason to believe, if his advice had been followed after this battle 
 and the Army of the Ohio had been marched eastward towards 
 Danville instead of northward towards Harrodsburg, that there 
 would have been an end of the Confederate army under General 
 Bragg; that there would have been no escape through the Cumber- 
 land Gap ; that the battle of Stone Eiver would not have been 
 fought ; and, probably, that the series of battles in that section 
 for the ensuing two years would have been avoided and the same 
 results secured. General Thomas then served in General Bose- 
 crans' Tennessee campaign, commanding the Fourteenth Corps, 
 Army of the Cumberland, and was engaged in the battle of Stone 
 Kiver, which began on the morning of the 31st of December and 
 continued until the night of January 3, 18G3. He held the centre 
 of the line of battle, having two divisions under his command. 
 The enemy retreated during the night of the 3d of January, and 
 on the morning of the 5th he advanced with his divisions from 
 Murfreesboro and drove their rear-guard six miles towards Man- 
 chester. Stone Eiver is classed with the twelve decisive battles 
 of the war ; and as Shiloh overthrew the first, so this battle 
 overthrew the second, aggressive campaign of the Confederates in 
 the West. General Thomas is represented during the first day's 
 fighting, and when the enemy had driven General McCook's divi- 
 sions, as sitting on his horse, calm amid the fury of battle, per- 
 sonally directing the movements of his divisions, an image of deter- 
 mination and immovable courage, and adorned with every quality 
 that constitutes the perfect soldier. General Eosecrans accorded 
 him the highest meed of praise, and said in his official report that, 
 distinguished as General Thomas was in council for frankness 
 and prudence, and on many battle-fields for courage, he nevermore 
 conspicuously maintained his high character than during this 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 203 
 
 battle, and lie doubly thanked him for his counsel .and support. 
 He was engaged during the summer of 18G3 in the advance 
 on Tullahoma ; in the action at Hoover's Gap and the passage 
 of Duck River; and in September participated in the battle of 
 Chickamauga, where he displayed heroic courage, and on the sec- 
 ond day, with parts of all the corps, threw himself in front of the 
 enemy, checked their victorious advance, and made possible the 
 withdrawal of the National forces to Chattanooga. With twenty- 
 five thousand men he held the enemy (sixty-five thousand strong) 
 in check and saved Chattanooga. History at once named him 
 "The Rock of Chickamauga." The situation was critical in the 
 extreme and created a profound sensation. The utmost exertions 
 were made to relieve the army. General Thomas began to fortify 
 the town and employed his energies in opening communications, by 
 the Tennessee River and Lookout Mountain ; and in answer to 
 the appeal of the country he replied, " I will hold the town till we 
 starve " — an answer worthy of the general whose masterful abili- 
 ties had inspired his corps and saved the Army of the Cumberland 
 from annihilation. General Grant was assigned to the command 
 of the Military Division of the Mississippi, composed of the depart- 
 ments of the Ohio, the Tennessee, and the Cumberland, and pro- 
 ceeded to Chattanooga. On the 19th of October General Thomas 
 succeeded General Rosecrans in the command of the Department 
 and Army of the Cumberland, and in the magnificent movement 
 of his troops against the Confederate centre at Missionary Ridge 
 won an enduring fame. It was fitly reserved for the Army of 
 the Cumberland to win the crowning victory over its old enemy 
 — to carry the heights of Missionary Ridge and open the way to 
 Atlanta. He knew how to appreciate courage at its full value, as 
 is shown by an incident which occurred on the second day at 
 Chickamauga. When the unbroken left wing of the army had 
 again and again repelled the assaults of more than twice their 
 numbers, and when a division had about fired their last cartridge 
 and repelled a charge at the point of the bayonet, he took the hand 
 of a soldier who had attracted marked attention by gallant con- 
 duct, and thanked him for his steadfast courage. During the 
 progress of these important events he was appointed a brigadier- 
 general in the regular army, to date from October 27, 18G3. 
 
 The history of the Army of the Cumberland from Chickamauga 
 
204 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to Nashville is the history of General Thomas. His exalted and 
 heroic character was so thoroughly impressed upon that army that 
 it seemed capable of accomplishing any undertaking. He was 
 employed at Chattanooga in reorganizing the army, which was 
 composed of the Fourth, Fourteenth, and Twentieth Army Corps, 
 together with three divisions of cavalry; in forcing the enemy 
 from Tunnel Hill in January, 1864, and in making a demonstration 
 against Dalton in February, where he remained for some time. 
 Early in May he entered upon the Atlanta campaign, under the 
 command of General Sherman, and during the ensuing five months 
 participated in the operations around Dalton, the demonstration 
 against Resaca, the occupation of Eome, the action at Cassville, 
 the battle of Dallas, the movement against Pine Mountain, the 
 battles about Kenesaw Mountain, the assault at Ruff's Station, the 
 passage -of the Chattahoochee River, the battle of Peach Tree 
 Creek, the siege of Atlanta, the assault on Jonesboro, and the cap- 
 ture of Atlanta. General Sherman says in his memoirs that during 
 the Atlanta campaign he had in General Thomas an officer of 
 education and experience, and that he possessed special qualities 
 of mind and character which fitted him in the highest degree for 
 the work then in contemplation. 
 
 He was intrusted at the end of the Atlanta campaign with the 
 defense of Tennessee while General Sherman was making his 
 march from Atlanta to Savannah. He was required to organize a 
 new army and at the same time defend the State against an in- 
 vading force which was commanded by one of the boldest and most 
 aggressive generals of the Confederacy. The masterly manoeuvres 
 by which, with two corps under General Schofield, he resisted the 
 advance of the enemy from Florence, while he gathered widely scat- 
 tered detachments and united them into a compact army, organ- 
 ized quartermaster employes into armed battalions, remounted the 
 cavalry, collected supplies, strengthened his fortifications to the 
 rear, and finally concentrated his forces at Nashville, where a 
 few days later he struck General Hood's army as no National gen- 
 eral had struck the enemy during the war, winning one of the most 
 overwhelming victories of modern times, are narrated in general 
 history and constitute one of the brilliant chapters of the war of 
 the Rebellion. 
 
 The battle of Nashville was a masterpiece of military science. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 205 
 
 Every detail of the plan was accomplished, from the beginning 
 on the right, where the cavalry charged the enemy's intrenchments, 
 until General Hood lied into the darkness of a rainy winter night. 
 The movements on the field were characteristic of General Thomas 
 — sledge-hammer blows, heavily massed columns, and deep, strong 
 lines. There were deliberate pauses in the battle, which were em- 
 ployed in rearranging the lines and massing the columns. He 
 handled his troops as chessmen on a board because of the un- 
 bounded confidence with which he inspired them. The enemy 
 were driven south of the Tennessee River with an immense loss of 
 men and material, and there was no longer a Confederacy at the 
 West. It is impossible to convey within the limits of this memoir 
 a complete understanding of the pressure which was applied to 
 induce General Thomas to fight this battle before he waa prepared 
 to do so. The clamor of public demand did not disturb his su- 
 perb calm. He knew that obedience to it meant disaster to the 
 National cause. He had promised General Sherman "to ruin 
 Hood if he dared to advance from Florence," and he intended to 
 redeem the promise. His superiors could relieve him, but they 
 could not induce him to begin a battle until he was prepared for 
 it. All they could draw from him were his telegrams that he was 
 doing the best he could under the circumstances, but if the public 
 interests demanded his removal he would submit without a mur- 
 mur. And thus he compelled the waiting, and when his hour 
 came and the fog lifted from the field of Nashville on the morn- 
 ing of December 15, 18G4, he hurled the engines of war against 
 General Hood's army and it crumbled into utter ruin. The results 
 vindicated his military judgment and crowned him with imperish- 
 able laurels. The country no longer doubted the modest, skilful, 
 and judicious soldier as he stood on that field, the embodiment of 
 a magnificent victory. 
 
 General Thomas received the thanks of Congress for the skill 
 and dauntless courage with which he so signally defeated the 
 enemy ; the thanks of the General Assembly of Tennessee for his 
 wise and spirited, brave and patriotic, conduct in defense of the 
 capital of the State, and a gold medal, which was presented to him 
 with imposing ceremonies at Nashville on the second anniversary 
 of the battle. He was appointed a major-general in the regular 
 army, to date from December 15, 18G4, and a few months later 
 
206 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 was formally presented to both Houses of Congress. He remained 
 in Tennessee until the end of the war, and from June, 1865, to 
 March, 1867, was in command of the Military Division (afterwards 
 the Department) of Tennessee. He was then transferred to the 
 Third Military District (Georgia, Florida, and Alabama), from 
 which he was almost immediately relieved, at his own request, and 
 assigned to the Department of the Cumberland, where he remained 
 until January, 1869. He served as a member of the board of officers 
 which was convened, in March, 1866, to recommend brevet commis- 
 sions to general officers, and as a member of the Dyer Court of In- 
 quiry, January-May, 1869. He then proceeded to San Francisco 
 and assumed command of the Military Division of the Pacific, and 
 while exercising the duties of his office in that city was stricken 
 by apoplexy on the 28th of March, 1870. He lingered about six 
 hours after the stroke fell upon him, and then passed away, being 
 unconscious except for about half an hour. The Nation mourned 
 his loss, and as his remains were conveyed across the continent for 
 burial in one of the most restful spots in Oak Hill Cemetery at 
 Troy, N. Y., they everywhere received the most profound demon- 
 strations of respect and heartfelt sorrow. A joint resolution was 
 passed by Congress, expressing the deepest regret at his unexpected 
 decease and extolling his patriotic services and unfaltering zeal 
 and faith in the maintenance of the National authority and the 
 integrity of the government, and a general order from the head- 
 quarters of the army narrated his complete and entire devotion to 
 duty when service in Florida, Mexico, and Arizona meant absolute 
 banishment. He never asked a personal favor and never sought 
 promotion or honor at the expense of others. 
 
 General Thomas always conformed his tactical movements to 
 clearly established principles. He was careful concerning the 
 details of a battle, even to providing the means for a successful 
 retreat, if the enemy should force him to that extremity. He 
 delighted in heavily massed columns and deep, strong lines. He 
 moved slowly but with a resistless power, being a ponderous hitter 
 and as unyielding as a rock. His self-possession in battle was 
 remarkable, and he never displayed this quality to better advan- 
 tage than on the field of Chickamauga — of which he is the undis- 
 puted hero — where, notwithstanding the intense mental strain to 
 which he was subjected, he seemed as unconcerned as though he had 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 207 
 
 no interest in the issue ; and yet he knew that the fate of General 
 ttosecrans' army depended entirely upon the steadfastness of his 
 command. He possessed, notwithstanding his usually imperturb- 
 able calm, the magnetic quality of swaying men, and was capable 
 of imparting the most intense enthusiasm to his troops. His grave 
 and comprehending look inspired trustfulness in all who saw him. 
 He did not believe that victories should be won by an immense 
 sacrifice of life. He always aimed to accomplish the best results 
 with the least possible loss ; hence he was always economical of life 
 and suffering. His system of transacting business was almost 
 perfect. His adjutant's office on wheels during the Atlanta cam- 
 paign was a model of compactness. He was rallied several times 
 during the war concerning the care he always bestowed upon the 
 records of his commands, but replied that the time would come 
 when they would be of as much value to the country as the battles 
 he fought. 
 
 General Thomas was prominent in four campaigns, two of 
 which he commanded in person, while he was second in command 
 in the others. His enduring fame rests upon five battles, and in 
 these he made no mistakes. He was grand and far-seeing at Mill 
 Springs, magnificent in fortitude and judgment at Stone River, 
 sublime in tenacity at Chickamauga, impetuous in attacking the 
 enemy's centre at Missionary Ridge, and terrible in execution at 
 Nashville— the only battle of the war, except the minor one at Mill 
 Springs, which resulted in the annihilation of the opposing army. 
 He discharged with fidelity the duties of every grade in which 
 he served, from a lieutenant to a major-general, and was found 
 equal to every demand made upon him, whether as first or second 
 in command. He possessed a powerful influence in every army with 
 which he served, winning the universal commendation of being 
 brave and judicious, and always holding the entire confidence of 
 his troops. His loyalty to the country, devotion to duty, and in- 
 vincible courage made him one of the noblest figures in American 
 history aud won him a position among the first soldiers of the 
 world. 
 
 The breadth of shoulders, depth of chest, and generally massive 
 though not corpulent frame of General Thomas detracted somewhat 
 from his height, which was nearly six feet. He was robust and 
 healthy, but his walk was slow and heavy. He sat high in the 
 
208 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 saddle, owing to the unusual length of his body, and required a 
 powerful horse for daily use. His features were large, with the ex- 
 ception of his nose, which was long and thin. His lips were plump 
 and red. His chin and jaws, concealed by a short beard, were large 
 and squarely cut. His silver-blue eyes, large and steadfast, in- 
 dicated his positiveness, and would flash with light when he was 
 powerfully moved. His hair was of a light yellow and curly, with 
 more red in the beard — tawny through exposure ; and before the 
 war ended hair and beard were touched with gray, which added to 
 the dignity of his presence. His head was in accord with the 
 body, massive, strong, and manly, and he wore 
 
 "A forehead royal with the truth." 
 
 General Thomas was a gentle, winning man, yet the solidity of 
 his nervous system, his self-restraint, and his usually imperturb- 
 able calm gave him a severe expression ; but children and dumb ani- 
 mals were fond of him, and these rarely err in judgment or instinct. 
 He was generous without being enthusiastic, and kind without be- 
 ing demonstrative. It was easy to know him, for he was always 
 plain and frank. He never seemed to think that it was necessary 
 to exhibit any dash ; and while he may have been too deliberate to 
 please nervous temperaments, he never failed to accomplish the 
 best results. He never posed for effect nor played the hero, but, 
 uniting common sense to a natural dignity, soon won the respect and 
 confidence of most men with whom he came in contact. It may 
 be said that his military successes were the results of long service, 
 patient industry, methodical habits, and the practical application 
 of good judgment to the affairs of his office. He was a personifica- 
 tion of integrity, and a beau-ideal of the soldier and the gentleman. 
 His methodical habits naturally led him to adopt system in all the 
 relations of life, and anything tending to interfere with his usual 
 quiet course would annoy him. He discarded old clothes with re- 
 luctance, and during the war, when promotions came rapidly, it 
 was almost impossible to see him in the uniform of his grade. He 
 wore the uniform of a brigadier-general for the first time at Mill 
 Springs, and he did not wear the double stars until after the bat- 
 tle of Stone River, and then they were placed on his coat without 
 bis knowledge. It was difficult to provoke his anger, arouse his 
 
MILITAEY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 209 
 
 enthusiasm, or draw a complaint from him ; yet he manifested the 
 first at Mill Springs, displayed the second at the fall of Atlanta, 
 and after the battle of Chickamauga he said to an officer who had 
 stated a grievance to him, " I have taken a great deal of pains to 
 educate myself not to feel." 
 
 General Thomas was remarkable for his exalted virtues, and his 
 perceptive and reflective qualities were of the highest order. His 
 mind and body acted with equal deliberation. His conclusions 
 were formed after mature reflection ; and while he was slow of 
 speech, he was positive when he did speak. He was well in- 
 formed upon many scientific subjects, and few men better under- 
 stood the value of the microscope. His study of natural history 
 evinced the closest observation. While stationed at Fort Yuma 
 he forwarded to the Smithsonian Institute a species of the bat 
 the like of which has not been discovered elsewhere. He also 
 made a careful study of the history and traditions of the Yuma, 
 and other Arizona, Indians, taking many notes which, if not de- 
 stroyed, will some day be of great value. He was compelled to 
 move his trains at New Hope Church, during the Atlanta cam 
 paign, in consequence of a heavy cannonade near his headquarters, 
 and as soon as he was again settled he began a discussion upon 
 the art of castrametation, and expressed the opinion that modern 
 civilization had not improved upon the camping arrangements of 
 Moses. 
 
 General Thomas peremptorily refused in 1867 permission to use 
 his name in connection with a possible Presidential nomination, 
 and declined in 1868 the brevet of lieutenant-general because he 
 had done nothing since the war to entitle him to such an honor. 
 He would not permit the members of his staff to present him with 
 a silver tea-service, and he refused the gift of a fortune after the 
 war, saying in substance that he did not think it was proper for 
 a man in his position to accept valuable presents ; that his income 
 was sufficient to supply his reasonable wants; and suggested that 
 the money be given to the widows and orphans of the soldiers who 
 had died for their country. 
 
 When certain members of the Tennessee Legislature expressed 
 
 dissatisfaction that the portrait of General Thomas adorned the 
 
 council chamber of the State, he asked with superb independence 
 
 that the painting be sent to him, and he would refund from his 
 
 14 
 
210 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 private resources the money which a former administration had 
 expended for it. 
 
 The Society of the Army of the Cumberland recently erected, 
 with imposing ceremonies, a colossal equestrian statue of General 
 Thomas in the city of Washington. The work is the tribute of a 
 great sculptor to a great soldier, and stands to-day in the capital 
 of the country a classic in the American plastic art of the present 
 age, as it is the best work of the kind in that city. 
 
 He died leaving no issue, but while the battles of Mill Springs, 
 Stone River, Chickamauga, Missionary Kidge, and Nashville add 
 lustre to the history of the United States of America the name 
 of Major-General George H. Thomas will live in the hearts of 
 his countrymen. 
 
 " He never knew what envy was, nor hate ; 
 His soul was filled with worth and honesty. . . . 
 He neither wealth nor places sought : 
 For others, not himself, he fought. . . . 
 So, blessed of all, he died ; but far more blessed were we 
 If we were sure to live till we again could see 
 A man as great in war, as just in peace, as he." 
 
 3. William H. Emory was born in Queen Anne County, 
 Md. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of 
 July, 1831, and assigned to the Fourth Artillery as a brevet second 
 lieutenant ; the next June he was appointed a brevet third lieuten- 
 ant in the Mounted Rangers, and was subsequently transferred to 
 the Fourth Artillery as a second lieutenant, to date from July 1, 
 1831. He served during the ensuing five years at Forts Mcllenry 
 and Severn, Md. ; at Charleston Harbor, S. C, during the period 
 of the threatened nullification in that State ; at Forts Hamilton 
 and Lafayette, N. Y., and in the operations in the Creek nation 
 in 1836. 
 
 He resigned his commission September 30, 1836, to accept, upon 
 the invitation of the Secretary of War, an appointment as an as- 
 sistant United States civil engineer, that he might become eligible 
 for an appointment in the Topographical Corps. He acted in this 
 capacity until July 7, 1838, when he was reappointed in the army 
 with the rank of a first lieutenant in the corps of Topographical 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. , 211 
 
 Engineers. He was employed on harbor improvements in the Del' 
 aware River, 1839-42; as an assistant in the Topographical Bureau 
 at Washington, 1843-44, and as principal assistant on the North- 
 eastern boundary survey between the United States and the British 
 Provinces, 1844-46, and was conspicuous for untiring application 
 to the duties of his office, and also for a proposal to continue the 
 surveys during the winter months on the ridges of the mountains 
 separating the waters flowing into the St. Lawrence from those flow- 
 ing into the Atlantic. He received in this connection the high 
 commendations of the British commissioner, who afterwards died 
 in the Crimea holding the rank of adjutant-general of the British 
 army. He served during the Mexican War as chief engineer of 
 the Army of the West, which was organized to conquer and hold 
 New Mexico and California, and was acting assistant adjutant- 
 general for Brigadier-General Kearney, who commanded that army. 
 He subsequently served as lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of 
 Maryland and District of Columbia volunteers on the line of Vera 
 Cruz and the city of Mexico. He made, while serving with the 
 Army of the West, a reconnaissance of the route to California by 
 the way of the Gila River, and his survey is yet the foundation for 
 maps of that route. He participated during the month of De- 
 cember, 1846, in the battle of San Pasqual and the skirmish of San 
 Bernardino. General Kearney assigned him, at San Pasqual, to 
 the command of a squadron of dragoons for a perilous and impor- 
 tant service, which he successfully accomplished, winning his spurs 
 and laying the foundation for his subsequent transfer to the cav- 
 alry. He also participated, in January, 1847, in the passage of 
 the San Gabriel River aud the skirmish of the Mesa. These affairs 
 were important and hotly contested, and, with the surprise of San 
 Luis Obispo, constituted all the organized resistance to the Ameri- 
 can occupation of California.* He was made a brevet captain, to 
 
 * The troops were exhausted at the battle of San Pasqual because of a long overland march. 
 The dragoons were mounted on bronchos and mules. The howitzers were manned by dragoons. 
 These, with a few volunteers and a small detachment from the Pacific Squadron, constituted 
 the American forces. The dragoons led off with a spirited charge, but, because of the obstinate 
 natures of their mounts, were badly scattered. The enemy, perceiving this, rallied, and a 
 bloody conflict ensued in which the troops were severely punished. The timely arrival of 
 reinforcements gained the day and the enemy retreated. The howitzers could not be brought 
 into action, as the mules were determined to travel in any direction other than to the front. 
 The Americans had three officers and sixteen enlisted men killed and mortally wounded. The 
 enemy, mounted on fresh horses, used their lances with terrible effect. The troops encamped 
 
212 MILITAET EECOEDS OF OFFICEES. 
 
 date from December 6, 1846, for gallant and meritorious conduct 
 at the battle of San Pasqual ; and a brevet major, to date from 
 January 9, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles 
 of San Gabriel and the Mesa. He declined an appointment of ma- 
 jor in the Third Dragoons, to date from April 9, 1847, because the 
 regiment was only organized for and during the war with Mexico. 
 He was on duty from 1848 to 1853 as chief astronomer for the 
 running of the boundary line between California and Mexico, and 
 served on that work through all its vicissitudes in California, when 
 the commissioner who was appointed never joined the survey, but 
 expended the appropriations traveling in Mexico, until Captain 
 Emory was appointed by the President, in 1854, both commis- 
 sioner and astronomer, with full powers, under the Gadsden treaty 
 of December 30, 1853. He completed the work in 1857 to the 
 entire satisfaction of the government, and received the brevet of 
 lieutenant-colonel, to date from October 19, 1857, for valuable and 
 distinguished services as commissioner for establishing the boun- 
 dary line between the United States and the Republic of Mexico. 
 While employed upon this work he was promoted a captain in his 
 corps, to date from April 24, 1851, and was appointed a major in 
 the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855 ; but, 
 without joining the regiment, was transferred, May 26, 1855, in 
 that grade, to the Fourth (old First) Cavalry. During his long 
 service in the Topographical — now the Engineer — Corps he was 
 very active and deservedly conspicuous for his surveys and in com- 
 piling and reducing to form such maps as existed of the country 
 west of the Mississippi River. He aided and matured the plans 
 for the survey of the railway routes to the Pacific, and surveyed 
 and first brought to notice the Southern Pacific route through 
 Texas, the Paso del Norte, and Arizona, which was obliterated by 
 the war of the Rebellion. He also prepared three valuable works 
 
 on the battle-field. The skirmish of San Bernardino occurred the next day, when the enemy- 
 were repulsed, but the situation was very critical, and an express was dispatched to San Diego 
 for assistance. On the 10th of December the camp was unsuccessfully attacked by the enemy, 
 and the timely arrival of reinforcements relieved Kearney, who succeeded in marching the 
 command to San Diego, where it arrived on the 12th of December, 1846. The passage of the 
 San Gabriel was quite hotly contested by the enemy. The dragoons were then on foot, having 
 had enough of broncho and mule mounts, and, charging handsomely, routed the enemy, who 
 rallied on the Mesa the next day to dispute the occupation of Los Angeles. The troops dis- 
 persed them and occupied the town. Brackett's "History of the United States Cavalry," pp. 
 71-77, gives interesting narratives of these affairs. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 213 
 
 for publication— namely, "Notes of a Military Keconnaissance 
 from Fort Leavenworth to San Diego," "Notes of Travel in 
 California," and "The Keport of the United States and Mexican 
 Boundary Commission." 
 
 Major Emory joined his regiment in Kansas and served during 
 the border troubles of 1857, participated in the Utah expedition of 
 1858, and was stationed in the Indian Territory in 1859. He was 
 a member of a board of officers which was convened January- April, 
 1860, to revise the programme of instruction at the Military Aca- 
 demy. He was then appointed an inspector-general and made a 
 tour of inspection on the Pacific coast, and returned to Washing- 
 ton in the early part of 1861, when he was informed by the general- 
 in-chief that the political state of the country made it necessary for 
 him to rejoin and assume the command of his regiment, then serv- 
 ing in the Indian Territory. He delayed, while en route, two 
 weeks at Fort Smith, Ark., waiting for the arrival of certain per- 
 sons who had promised, in the presence of General Scott, to meet 
 him there in the interests of the government ; but as they did not 
 come, and learning that another officer had been detailed for the 
 position which he had relinquished, he fell into the error of believing 
 that he had been ordered to distant service that the obstacle might 
 be removed which prevented the appointment of another to that 
 office, and he forwarded his unconditional resignation and resumed 
 his journey ; but receiving on the same day a dispatch announc- 
 ing that hostilities had begun at Fort Sumter, he immediately, by 
 letter and telegram, recalled the resignation, dismissed all personal 
 feelings from his mind, and hastened forward to his new field of 
 duty, traveling mainly by night, without an escort, and upon ar- 
 rival at Fort Washita late in April found himself the senior officer 
 on the northern frontier of Texas. He was overtaken near Perry- 
 ville by a Confederate agent, who informed him that the Texas 
 insurgents were prepared to capture the military stations in the 
 Indian Territory, as had already been accomplished in that State, 
 and that the troops would be held as prisoners of war unless they 
 joined the insurrectionary forces ; the agent then announced that 
 he was authorized to offer Major Emory the command of the Con- 
 federate forces in that section with the rank of a major-general, but 
 the emissary received such an emphatic and indignant refusal that 
 he drove away more rapidly than he had approached. The orders 
 
214 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 which Major Emory had received from the general-in-chief were 
 conditional. If affairs remained unchanged he was to establish 
 himself at Fort Arbuckle; but if Arkansas should pass an ordi- 
 nance of secession he was to assume command of the troops in the 
 Indian Territory, including the garrison at Fort Smith. The fail- 
 ure of the persons heretofore mentioned to meet him at Fort Smith, 
 and the incident at Perryville, convinced him that not only Texas 
 but also Arkansas and the Indian Territory were in a state of in- 
 surrection, and that a conspiracy existed to capture the United 
 States troops in that section. He therefore determined to proceed 
 to Fort Washita instead of Fort Arbuckle, and exercise his au- 
 thority to the utmost limit for the purpose' of defeating the plans 
 of the enemy ; and, upon his own responsibility, he ordered a 
 rapid concentration of the cavalry at Fort Washita and of the in- 
 fantry at Fort Arbuckle, with the intention of holding both posts 
 until he was reinforced or directed to retire. But he met at the 
 threshold of these movements the physical obstacle of a deficiency 
 of transportation, and above all the moral obstacle of a want of 
 belief by those under his command that a rebellion against the 
 United States was already begun or that any necessity existed for 
 such a concentration, while the commanders of all the posts, ex- 
 cept Fort Smith, insisted that he was exceeding his authority, 
 exjDOsing the frontiers to hostile Indians, and affording the seces- 
 sionists an excuse and opportunity to rise against the government. 
 They carried this opposition so far as to forward their protests to 
 the War Department. But before five companies had assembled 
 at Fort Washita the condition of affairs became so critical and the 
 enemy's forces moving against him so great that he was compelled 
 to abandon the country. He did not act a day too soon. The 
 enemy moved so rapidly that it became impossible to carry out his 
 original plans. He abandoned Fort Washita, first destroying all 
 supplies that he could not take with him, and moved to the rear 
 of Fort Arbuckle, ordering the companies which had been directed 
 to assemble there to join him prepared for a forced march to the 
 open prairies. Fort Arbuckle was abandoned on the 4th of May, 
 after the flag had been lowered with military honors, and the con- 
 centration as ordered was successfully accomplished, except the 
 garrison from Fort Cobb, which joined him on the third day t here- 
 after. Just then an officer reported to Major Emory with dis- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 215 
 
 patches from General Scott, directing him to do precisely what had 
 already been done ; but if he had waited for these instructions be- 
 fore taking any action not a soldier would, have escaped. On the 
 same day the advance-guard of the enemy came in view. A squad- 
 ron of cavalry was detached with orders to capture them, which 
 was successfully accomplished, and Major Emory then learned that 
 the enemy, four thousand strong, were within a day's march of his 
 rear, while another force of two thousand men were marching from 
 Arkansas towards Fort Gibson, expecting that the United States 
 troops would pass that post, as it was on the line of the shortest 
 route to Kansas, and where, if the Texans failed to overtake them, 
 the Arkansas troops could intercept their retreat and capture 
 them, or hold them in check until reinforcements arrived. 
 
 The judicious action of Major Emory had thus far anticipated 
 the wishes of the general-in-chief, and as there was no object to be 
 gained by holding his command in that country, and being unable 
 to contend against the overwhelming numbers which were threat- 
 ening his rear and flank, he marched rapidly towards Fort Leaven- 
 worth, where he arrived on the 31st day of May, without the loss of 
 a man, a horse, or a wagon, and won the conspicuous honor of being 
 the only officer on the frontiers who had baffled the designs of the 
 enemy and brought his entire command out of the insurrectionary 
 country. The forces thus rescued from capture by his judgment 
 and energy consisted of five companies of cavalry, seven companies 
 of infantry, and four pieces of artillery. These troops were of 
 great importance beyond the consideration of numbers, as their 
 timely arrival restored confidence to the friends of the government 
 in that section, while they formed the nucleus of General Lyon's 
 army and probably prevented the secessionists from forcing Mis- 
 souri into the rebellion. 
 
 His promotion to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the Fourth (old 
 First) Cavalry, to date from January 31, 1861, was announced, on 
 the 3d of April, in orders from the War Department ; but upon his 
 arrival at Fort Leavenworth he learned to his surprise that his 
 resignation as a major had been accepted, to date from May 9, 
 1861. He immediately repaired to Washington, when the President 
 tendered him the lieutenant-colonelcy of the Sixth (old Third) 
 Cavalry, to date from May 14, 1861. He accepted the appoint- 
 ment and proceeded, in July, to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he re- 
 
216 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 cruited and organized the entire regiment, and then moved it in 
 the latter part of August to Bladensburg, where the men were 
 mounted and prepared for the field. The regiment was then 
 ordered to Washington, and served in the defenses of the city dur- 
 ing the winter of 1861-62. 
 
 He participated in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular cam- 
 paigns, moving with his regiment early in March against the ene- 
 my, who were abandoning their works at Centreville, Va., and pur- 
 sued the rear-guard to Warrenton Junction, when he was ordered 
 to Alexandria, and on his way to that place was appointed a briga- 
 dier-general of volunteers, to date from March 17, 1862, and was 
 soon thereafter placed in command of the brigade of regular cav- 
 alry, with which he embarked at Alexandria and proceeded to 
 Hampton Eoads. He participated in the siege of Yorktown, 
 where on the morning of the evacuation he was ordered to the 
 front, and by a prompt and vigorous pursuit intercepted the ene- 
 my's rear-guard ; but his forces being inadequate to hold them 
 without reinforcements, they succeeded in escaping under cover of 
 the night. He was left with his command to guard the branch of 
 the Lee's Mill road which leads to Allen's farm, and the next 
 morning it was ascertained that the enemy's right at Williamsburg 
 could be turned by this route. Troops were sent to him with 
 orders to make the attack ; but because of a lack of knowledge of 
 the ground and the lateness of the hour he did not succeed in the 
 movement, which, if successful, might have produced important 
 results. 
 
 General Emory commanded the brigade of regular cavalry at 
 the battle of Hanover Court-House, where he distinguished him- 
 self by separating the wings of the Confederate army, capturing 
 many prisoners, including a North Carolina regiment, and in 
 pushing his cavalry to the front and right, effectually destroying 
 the railway bridges between Hanover Junction and the Chicka- 
 hominy, and driving the enemy out of Ashland. He was twice 
 thanked on the field by the general commanding for the success of 
 his brilliant operations, and at a later day received the brevet 
 of colonel, to date from May 27, 1862, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services. After General Stuart's celebrated raid around the 
 Army of the Potomac, which General Emory attempted to inter- 
 cept with the Sixth Pennsylvania Lancers where the Yorktown 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 217 
 
 road crosses the Pammikey and Richmond Railway, he was chi< fly 
 employed on outpost duty in guarding the line of the Pamunkey 
 up to Hanover Court-House until the Confederates, under Gen- 
 eral Jackson, passed down and opened the hattle of Gaines's Mill. 
 He was then to the rear, and on the left flank, of the enemy, 
 occupying Hanover Old Church, with his scouts covering the road 
 to Hanover Court-House. He at once destroyed all the crossings 
 on the Tolopatomoy, obstructed the highways, and assembled his 
 forces where the road crossed the main highway to Richmond. 
 The enemy, however, passed to the left, but their progress was 
 seriously impeded by the activity of General Emory's skirmishers. 
 About noon on the 26th of June he was ordered to fall back to 
 Old Church, which he was reluctant to do, as he was well to the 
 rear, and on the left flank, of the enemy, and in an advantageous 
 position to attack ; but the order being repeated, he slowly re- 
 tired as the National forces were pressed back by the enemy, still 
 holding the Pamunkey road and being most of the time to the 
 rear of the enemy's left flank, until he was ordered, with other 
 forces, to cover the retreat at the White House Landing, from 
 which point General McClellan had determined to transfer the 
 National base of supplies to the James River. 
 
 General Emory was then ordered to Yorktown, where, after a 
 brief service, he embarked his brigade at Hampton Roads, and 
 arrived at Harrison's Landing about the 4th of July, when, it 
 being deemed impracticable to continue the organization of the 
 brigade, he was assigned to the command of the First Brigade, 
 Second Division of the Fourth Army Corps. He retained this 
 command while the army remained at Harrison's Landing and dur- 
 ing the retrograde movement to Yorktown, which place he was 
 ordered to occupy and prepare for defense — a task involving great 
 labor, not only in reconstructing the works, but also in leveling the 
 approaches which had been thrown up by the Army of the Potomac 
 during the siege of the preceding April. He was relieved from this 
 duty, at his own request, for field-service about the end of Septem- 
 ber and ordered to Baltimore, where he was placed in command of 
 the new troops at that place for the 'purpose of organizing a 
 division. On the 10th of November he embarked with six regi- 
 ments on ocean steamers and sailed to Old Point, where he was 
 joined by other regiments and placed in command of all the forces, 
 
218 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 numbering about twelve thousand men. He sailed, on the 4th of 
 December, with sixteen vessels, for Ship Island, where he arrived 
 on the 13th, and thence, six days later, for New Orleans, where he 
 arrived on the 21st, and on January 3, 1863, he was placed in 
 command of the troops at Carrollton, La., and of the Third Divi- 
 sion of the Nineteenth Army Corps. He moved his division, in 
 March, to Baton Rouge, and, on the 13th, marched thence and 
 attacked Port Hudson to create a diversion to enable Admiral 
 Farragut to pass that place with his fleet. He then proceeded 
 to the Teche country, where, on the 13th of April, he attacked 
 Bisland, a strongly fortified camp of the enemy, the defense 
 of which was aided by gunboats. His division made the direct 
 attack, which drove the Confederates within their works and 
 forced their retreat during the night, which he followed to 
 Alexandria, marching one hundred miles in four days. He was 
 assigned, in June, to command the defenses of New Orleans 
 while General Banks' army was occurred with the siege of Port 
 Hudson. He had only sixteen hundred men, and, this fact 
 coming to the knowledge of the enemy, a large army was moved 
 against the city, either to capture it or force an abandonment of 
 the siege of Port Hudson ; but General Emory was equal to the 
 emergency, and when the enemy crossed the Plaquemine and 
 moved down the Bayou Lafourche for the purpose of seizing 
 Brashear City and attacking New Orleans in the rear, he dis- 
 patched all his forces to the place where the railway crossed the 
 Bayou Lafourche, and in two engagements (June 21-22) defeated 
 the enemy with a severe loss, but Brashear City was cut off and 
 fell into their hands. The enemy then moved against Fort Butler, 
 at Donaldsonville, which had been left almost without a garrison, 
 notwithstanding the works commanded the passage of the river. 
 General Emory succeeded, with the assistance of the naval forces, 
 in reinforcing the fort, and then awaited the assault, which was 
 begun with great vigor about one o'clock a.m. on the 28th of 
 June, and handsomely repulsed with a heavy loss to the enemy. 
 He then returned his forces to New Orleans, and was actively 
 engaged in strengthening the defenses of the city when the fall of 
 Port Hudson, on the 8th of July, relieved the place from further 
 danger, and he was returned to the command of his division in the 
 Nineteenth Corps. A few weeks later he was compelled to go 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 219 
 
 North for medical treatment, and upon his return (ahout which 
 time he was promoted to the colonelcy of the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from October 27, 1863) joined the army at New Iberia, and 
 was assigned to the command of the First Division of the Nine- 
 teenth Corps, and moved to Franklin, where he commanded the 
 corps during a part of January, 18G4. His division moved in 
 March, 1864, as a part of the Red River expedition, and met the 
 fleet, under Admiral Porter, at Alexandria. The enemy attacked 
 the advance-guard of the army at Sabine Cross-Roads on the 8th of 
 April, driving them back with considerable loss and capturing a 
 large number of guns and wagons. General Emory, then in the rear, 
 was ordered to the front, and, after a rapid march of three miles, 
 met the men, who were retreating with the report that they had 
 been badly defeated. Failing to check them, he moved forward 
 at a double-quick and formed a single line of battle in an advan- 
 tageous position on the brow of a hill. The enemy came dashing 
 on in three disorderly columns, evidently believing that they had 
 only to fight a retreating rear-guard ; but they received such a 
 steady and terrific fire that within half an hour they retreated and 
 disappeared from his front. His prompt and decisive conduct 
 upon this occasion rescued General Banks' army from a great peril, 
 if not from an irretrievable disaster, and if there had been any 
 cavalry available at the moment when he so successfully repulsed 
 the enemy they could have retaken all the guns and wagons which 
 had been captured during the morning. The army retired during 
 the night to a position in front of the village of Pleasant Hill, 
 where it was re-formed with the right of General Emory's division 
 resting on the edge of a swamp, while the left, extending into an 
 open field, was to be supported by the Seventeenth Corps. On the 
 afternoon of the 9th the enemy drove in the pickets, and having 
 discovered the exposed condition of the left flank, at once at- 
 tacked it, and completely enveloped the First and Second Brigades 
 of his division ; but a part of the Seventeenth Corps coming to his 
 assistance, a counter-charge was handsomely made, which not only 
 resulted in recovering the position but also in routing the enemy 
 and driving them from the field. Meanwhile the fleet was com- 
 pelled, owing to the low stage of water, to steam down the river. 
 This forced the army to abandon Pleasant Hill and retire to 
 Grand Ecore, whence was begun the march for Alexandria, and 
 
220 MILITAEY EECOEDS OF OFFICEES. 
 
 upon arrival at Cheneyville it was ascertained that the enemy in- 
 tended to dispute the crossing at Cane Kiver. General Emory was 
 informed about midnight by General Franklin, who was in com- 
 mand during the temporary absence of General Banks, that he was 
 suffering too much from a wound to ride on horseback and that 
 the command was passed to him. General Emory gave such orders 
 as seemed necessary, and at daybreak (April 23) marched against 
 the enemy and found them strongly posted and prepared for battle. 
 He engaged attention by an attack in front while two strong 
 forces were moved across the river, above and below the crossing, 
 and as the force from above struck the enemy's rear and flank 
 General Emory vigorously pushed the attack in front, when the 
 enemy became panic-stricken and fled from the field. The cross- 
 ing of the army was then accomplished without further molesta- 
 tion, and it arrived at Alexandria in time to assist the fleet over 
 the bar which obstructed the passage at that place, when the fleet 
 continued down the river, and the army resumed the march towards 
 Atchafalaya. He succeeded, on the 4th of May, to the command 
 of the Nineteenth Corps, and a few days later was engaged with 
 the enemy at Marksville. He received for his services in this cam- 
 paign the brevet of major-general of volunteers, to date from July 
 23, 1864, and two days later was assigned, by direction of the 
 President, to duty according to his brevet rank. The army sepa- 
 rated at Atchafalaya, and General Emory was sent to Morganzia 
 with instructions to prepare his troops for a participation in the 
 attack on Mobile ; but when he was ready to embark for this ser- 
 vice the order was countermanded and he was dispatched, early in 
 July, with two divisions of his corps to City Point, and upon 
 arrival at Fort Monroe was ordered to co-operate with the Sixth 
 Corps in the defense of Washington, which place he reached 
 with the advance of his command on the day that General Early 
 threatened the city. His arrival was very timely, as, on the morn- 
 ing of the 11th of July, General Early was near the fortifications 
 covering the northern approach to the capital, and in the afternoon 
 the Confederate infantry were in front of Fort Stevens. It is now 
 on record in the War Department that the Confederates had a 
 full knowledge of the arrival of the Nineteenth Corps, and that 
 this was one of the considerations which determined General Early 
 to retire. General Emory was at once dispatched in pursuit of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 221 
 
 the retreating enemy, who were followed to the crossing of the 
 Shenandoah, where an order was received to retire to the Monor 
 cacy, whence the troops were moved by rail to Harper's Ferry 
 and the adjacent country. Shortly thereafter the several corps 
 were united as the Army of the Shenandoah. A succession of 
 marches, countermarches, and combats ensued until the 19th 
 of September, when the battle of Winchester was fought; here 
 General Emory was conspicuously engaged, and, with his corps, 
 contributed largely to the brilliant success of the day, although, 
 owing to a delay occasioned by the movement of the Sixth Corps, 
 the head of his column did not arrive on the field of battle 
 until mid-day. This delay was charged by Mr. Swinton as the 
 fault of General Emory — an injustice which he afterwards corrected 
 in a revised edition of his history. A few days later General 
 Emory participated in the battle of Fisher's Hill, where his corps 
 (with the Sixth) attacked, at noon, the strongly intrenched camp 
 in front, by the main road, and captured the rifle-pits ; and then, 
 under the fire of the enemy's guns, opened trenches, erected earth- 
 batteries, and held the position until the Eighth Corps turned 
 General Early's flank and sent him whirling up the Valley. His 
 corps pursued the enemy all night, having an engagement with the 
 rear-guard, and arrived at Woodstock at daybreak the next morn- 
 ing. The pursuit was continued to Harrisonburg, when the army 
 was recalled and encamped on the east side of Cedar Creek, where 
 was fought, on the 19th of October, the last battle of the war 
 for the possession of the Shenandoah Valley, and where the 
 steadfastness of the Nineteenth Corps, after the first surprise, did 
 much to hold the enemy in check during the disasters of the 
 morning and contributed largely to the splendid victory of the 
 afternoon. The defeat of the Eighth Corps about daybreak left 
 the Nineteenth Corps exposed in flank and rear ; but the men 
 always paraded at reveille under arms, and this custom, together 
 with the fact that a large part of the corps was to have made a 
 reconnaissance that morning and was at breakfast when the attack 
 was made, saved it from sharing the fate of the Eighth Corps. 
 General Emory had two horses killed under him during the first 
 quarter-hour of the battle. When the fog lifted at eight o'clock 
 a.m. the men of the corps had done some good fighting, retained 
 
222 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 their organization and obeyed their officers, although they had 
 passed through a fearful ordeal. A part of their artillery had 
 been abandoned, while portions of the corps had made a des- 
 perate resistance and had met with severe losses under very de- 
 pressing circumstances — the crossing of the corps over Meadow 
 Creek for the purpose of rallying the men having been made at 
 the sacrifice of nearly half the One Hundred and Fourteenth 
 New York Volunteers, which nobly held the enemy in check until 
 the crossing could be effected. While in the confusion and un- 
 certainty of the first attack the corps had lost many men, it was 
 steady the remainder of the day, and the men re-formed after 
 crossing Meadow Creek, with greatly depleted ranks but with un- 
 abated courage, which was strengthened by the presence of their 
 skilful and vigorous commander; their crowning triumph of the 
 day was the charge made by the First Division — the beginning of 
 the end — which sealed the fate of General Early on that field and 
 in the Shenandoah Valley, and drove him behind the intrench- 
 ments of Fisher's Hill. 
 
 General Emory received the brevet of brigadier-general, to date 
 from March 13, 1865, for services at the battle of Fisher's Hill and 
 during the campaign in the Shenandoah Valley ; and the brevet 
 of major-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for services at 
 the battle of Cedar Creek ; and on the 7th of November he was 
 assigned, by the President, to the permaneut command of the 
 Nineteenth Corps. 
 
 The army was established in winter quarters near "Winchester 
 until February, 1865, when General Sheridan moved up the Valley 
 with his cavalry to raid in the rear of the enemy, leaving General 
 Emory in command of the forces remaining at that place. The 
 Nineteenth Corps was discontinued in March, and he was then 
 placed in command of the Department of West Virginia, with his 
 headquarters at Cumberland, Md. He continued in this position 
 until January 15, 1866, when he was mustered out of volunteer 
 service as a major-general, having been commissioned in that 
 grade September 25, 1865. 
 
 He assumed the command of the regiment at Washington City 
 in March, 1866, which he retained until November, 1871, and was 
 also employed during this period in command of the garrison and 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 223 
 
 Department of Washington, 186G-G8, and the command of Fort 
 McPherson and the District of the Republican, in the Department 
 of the Platte, 1869-71. lie also served, in 18G6, as a member 
 of the Examining Board on civilian appointments to the army, 
 as a member of a Retiring Board in 18G7, and as a member of 
 the Cavalry Tactics Board in 18G8-G9. He was detached from the 
 regiment in November, 1871, and assigned to the command of the 
 Department of the Gulf, with his headquarters at New Orleans, 
 and remained on this duty until March, 1875, when he was relieved 
 and placed on waiting orders. The full history of affairs in 
 Louisiana daring this period is not yet given to the public, but 
 events thus far transpired seem to justify his official acts while 
 he was exercising that command, which was the most difficult he 
 ever had, and, all things considered, the most successful; but a 
 discussion would involve some criticism and a knowledge which no 
 person could possess without having been at New Orleans during 
 his administration. When the President became acquainted with 
 all the facts he apparently regretted that he had yielded to the de- 
 mand for a change of department commander, and strongly advo- 
 cated General Emory's promotion upon his retirement from active 
 service. He returned to duty in October, 1875, as president of a 
 Retiring Board, and so continued until July 1, 1876, when he was 
 retired from active service under an act of Congress of June 
 26, 1876, with the rank of a brigadier-general as a recognition 
 of long and faithful service, embracing a period of forty-three 
 years, during ten of which he had discharged the duties of a 
 general officer. 
 
 His home is in Washington City, where he is universally es- 
 teemed, and he enjoys a national reputation as a gallant soldier 
 who has devoted the best years of an active life to the service of 
 his country. 
 
 4. Wesley Mereitt was born in New York. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1860 (the term of 
 the class being five years), and assigned to the Second Dragoons 
 (now Second Cavalry) as a brevet second lieutenant. He was 
 
224 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 promoted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant January 28, 1861 ; 
 a first lieutenant May 13, 1861 ; and a captain April 5, 1862. He 
 joined his company in Utah in November, 1860, and served at 
 Camp Floyd until the early summer of 1861. He was appointed 
 adjutant of his regiment on the 1st of July, 1861, and served as 
 acting assistant adjutant-general of the Department of Utah and 
 of the United States troops during the movement from Utah to 
 Washington, where he arrived in October, 1861, and served during 
 the winter of 1861-62 in the defenses of the city. He relinquished 
 the adjutancy of his regiment January 1, 1862, having been pre- 
 viously appointed an aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General Cooke, 
 who commanded the regular cavalry in the defenses of Washington 
 and later the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac in the Virginia 
 Peninsular campaign, and participated in the siege of Yorktown, 
 the skirmish near Williamsburg, and the battles of Williamsburg, 
 Gaines's Mill, and Glendale. He continued on the staff of Gen- 
 eral Cooke until September, 1862, when he was transferred to the 
 headquarters of the defenses and Department of Washington, 
 commanded by General Heintzelman, where he remained until 
 April, 1863, when he again entered the field as an aide-de-camp 
 for Brigadier-General Stoneman, and served with him, in April 
 and May, during his raid towards Kichmond. He then rejoined 
 his regiment, which he commanded in the superb cavalry engage- 
 ment at Beverly Ford, where, on the 9th of June, 1863, the National 
 forces crossed the Eappahannock, surprised the enemy's pickets, 
 and maintained for hours an obstinate battle with a superior force. 
 He narrowly escaped capture, being at one time almost, if not 
 quite, surrounded by the enemy. He won the highest commen- 
 dation from General Buford for conspicuous gallantry on that 
 field ; and in those days the praise of John Buford was more highly 
 esteemed by the officers under his command than a brevet com- 
 mission. 
 
 He commanded his regiment in the engagements at Upperville 
 and Aldie, and, about the 1st of July, was appointed, in recogni- 
 tion of brilliant services at Beverly Ford, a brigadier-general of 
 volunteers, to date from June 29, 1863, and Avas assigned to the 
 command of the Eeserve Cavalry Brigade of the Army of the 
 Potomac during the Pennsylvania campaign, and participated in 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 225 
 
 the battle of Gettysburg, where he won his first brevet (major), 
 to date from July 1, 18G3 ; the pursuit of the enemy to Warren- 
 ton ; the actions at Williamsport, Hagerstown, Boonsboro, Funks- 
 town, Falling Waters, and Manassas Gap. He then succeeded 
 General Buford in the command of the First Division of cavalry, 
 participated in the operations in Central Virginia, and was en- 
 gaged at Culpepper Court-House, Brandy Station, and Barnett's 
 Ford. He participated in the Richmond campaign of 1864, and 
 was engaged at Todd's Tavern, Yellow Tavern, Meadow Bridge, 
 Hawes' Shop, Old Church, and Cold Harbor, winning the brevet 
 of lieutenant-colonel, to date from May 11, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Yellow Tavern ; and the 
 brevet of colonel, to date from May 28, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Hawes' Shop. He accom- 
 panied General Sheridan on the cavalry raid towards Charlottes- 
 ville, and was engaged in the battle of Trevillian Station (where 
 he rescued the Third Division of cavalry from impending capture 
 when almost surrounded by the enemy) and the action at Derby- 
 town. 
 
 General Merritt was transferred, in August, 1864, from the 
 Army of the Potomac to the Shenandoah Valley, and moved, by 
 the way of City Point, Giesboro Point, and Harper's Ferry, to 
 Halltown, where he arrived about the 8th. His division (First) 
 was then composed of seventeen regiments of cavalry, organized 
 into three brigades (commanded by Custer, Devin, and Gibbs), 
 and two batteries of artillery. The Shenandoah Valley is one of 
 the garden-spots of Virginia, and each year, about the time the 
 crops ripened, the Confederates returned to the Valley to harvest 
 them. It was also the chosen route by which to invade Maryland 
 and Pennsylvania, and a movement of troops on either side in the 
 Valley always compelled a counter movement by the threatened 
 party. It was to end this condition of affairs that the Army of 
 the Shenandoah was organized, and one of the first duties imposed 
 upon General Merritt's division was to destroy the forage and 
 seize the live stock from Millwood to Winchester and Petticoat 
 Gap, for the purpose of making the Valley untenable for the raid- 
 ing parties of the enemy. Not many days were required for the 
 division, stretching across the Valley, to destroy everything in the 
 shape of forage and subsistence and to capture all serviceable 
 15 
 
226 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 live stock ; and then came the struggle with General Early's army 
 for the possession of the Valley, during which General Merritt was 
 Continuously employed with his command, and participated in the 
 affairs at Stone Chapel, Newtown, Cedarville, Kearneys ville, Bun- 
 ker Hill, Leetown, Smithfield, Berryyille, Opequan Creek, and 
 the battle of Winchester, where the turning column of cavalry, 
 at a critical moment when the result of the battle was uncertain, 
 repeatedly charged the left of the enemy's line, and, together 
 with the rallied infantry, swept down upon General Early and sent 
 him whirling through Winchester. The affair at Cedarville, near 
 Front Royal on the Shenandoah, was a brilliant success for Gen- 
 eral Merritt, being gained unaided and against odds. He defeated 
 General Kershaw's division of infantry and two brigades of cavalry 
 in an attempt to force a passage of the Shenandoah, and inflicted 
 upon the enemy a loss of six hundred men. Then followed the 
 movement to Front Eoyal, the engagement at Milford, and the 
 skilful manoeuvring of the cavalry in front of Bunker Hill, until 
 the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps seized an advanced position in 
 front of Fisher's Hill, which they held until the Eighth Corps 
 turned General Early's flank and forced him to abandon his forti- 
 fications, when the cavalry joined the pursuit and participated in 
 the actions at Luray, Brown's Gap, Mount Crawford, and Wood- 
 stock, and on the 19th of October General Merritt won for himself 
 and his division an enduring fame at the battle of Cedar Creek, 
 where he confronted the enemy from the first attack in the morn- 
 ing until their retreat that night, and held his position on the 
 pike, just north of Middletown, all day, although entirely unassisted 
 by the infantry, until the enemy gave up the contest, when he 
 charged with his cavalry, and, crossing the stream below the 
 bridge, continued the pursuit to Fisher's Hill, capturing and re- 
 taking a large number of guns and colors and much material of 
 war. He received the brevet of major-general of volunteers, to 
 date from October 19, 18G4, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill, and was specially 
 mentioned in the official report of General Torbert for gallantry 
 and good judgment at Cedar Creek, and recommended for pro- 
 motion, which upon several occasions he had justly earned. Then 
 followed the action at Middletown, and in the latter part of 
 November General Merritt was detached, with his division, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 227 
 
 to the east side of the Blue Eidge, by the way of Ashby's Gap, 
 to operate against Mosby's guerrillas. He participated in the 
 actions at Gordonsville in December and at Ashland in March, 
 1865. He moved with General Sheridan in February from the 
 winter camp near Winchester, being in command of the cavalry 
 of the Army of the Shenandoah ; participated in the closing 
 Richmond campaign of 1865, and was engaged in the battles of 
 Dinwiddie Court-House and Five Forks, where he commanded 
 the left of the National lines and won the brevet of brigadier- 
 general, to date from March 13, 1865 (antedated), and a com- 
 mission as a major-general of volunteers, to date from April 1, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at Five Forks and in 
 the Shenandoah Valle} 7 . He was engaged in the skirmishes at 
 Scott's Cross-Eoads and Drummond Mills (the cavalry of the Army 
 of the James having been added to his command), the battle of 
 Sailor's Creek, the action of Appomattox Station, and was present 
 at the surrender at Appomattox Court-House on the 9th of April, 
 1865, being one of three commissioners from the National army 
 to arrange with the Confederate commissioners for the surrender 
 of the Army of Northern Virginia. He then participated in the 
 movement against General J. E. Johnston's army in North Caro- 
 lina, after which he was transferred to the Military Division of 
 the South-west, where he served in command of two divisions 
 of cavalry and as chief of cavalry until July, 1865 ; then to 
 t'te command of the cavalry in the Department of Texas until 
 November, and thereafter as chief of cavalry in the Military 
 Division of the Gulf until December 31, 1865. He was mustered 
 out of volunteer service February 1, 1866, and was made a bre- 
 vet major-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services during the campaign ending with the sur- 
 render of the Army of Northern Virginia. He visited Europe 
 during the summer of 1866, aud upon his return to the United 
 States was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth Cavalry, to 
 date from July 28, 1866 ; was employed on inspection duty, with 
 station at the headquarters of the Department of the Gulf, until 
 February, 1867, when he assumed the command of his regiment at 
 New Orleans and proceeded to Texas, and served at San Antonio 
 and Fort Davis until September, 1869 ; he was then appointed a 
 member of the General Tactics Board which was convened at St. 
 
228 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Louis, where lie remained until December, 1870, when he availed 
 himself of a leave of absence until October, 1871. He then re- 
 turned to Texas and resumed the command of his regiment at 
 Fort Stockton, and afterwards served at Forts Clark and Concho 
 until May, 1874. He was appointed, in March, 1875, inspector of 
 cavalry for the Military Division of the Missouri, embracing the 
 Departments of Texas, the Missouri, the Platte, and Dakota, and 
 retained the position until July 1, 1876, when he was promoted 
 colonel of the Fifth Cavalry. He immediately joined the regi- 
 ment in the Department of the Platte, and commanded in the 
 affair near Indian Creek, Wyo., July 17, 1876, where he inter- 
 cepted a large number of Cheyennes who were moving north to 
 join the hostile Sioux, and drove them back to the Ked Cloud 
 Agency. He then moved by rapid marches to Goose Creek, Mon., 
 where he effected a junction with General Crook, and relinquished 
 the command of the regiment on the 4th of August, having been 
 appointed chief of cavalry of the Big Horn and Yellowstone expe- 
 dition. He participated in the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak., 
 September 9-10, 1876, and upon the disbandment of the expe- 
 dition, in October, at Fort Eobinson, Neb., resumed the com- 
 mand of th.3 regiment, and was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., where he had station until the 29th of April, 1880. He com- 
 manded the United States forces assembled at Omaha, in July, 
 1877, during the railway riots of that summer ; he also com- 
 manded the Wind River expedition against the Nez Perces in 
 September and October, 1877. He was employed on field-ser- 
 vice with a part of the regiment in Northern Wyoming from 
 May to November, 1878, and commanded the column which was 
 dispatched to the relief of the troops besieged by the Ute Indians 
 at Milk Creek, Col. He made a remarkably rapid march from 
 Rawlins, Wyo., to the scene of danger, where he arrived on the 
 5th of October, 1879, rescued the troops from their perilous posi- 
 tion, and in a short skirmish dispersed the enemy. He then 
 pushed forward to the agency on White River, found the build- 
 ings destroyed, the agent and his employes murdered, and the 
 women and children taken into captivity. He at once made ar- 
 rangements for the pursuit and chastisement of the savages, and 
 had penetrated their mountain fastnesses about twenty-five miles 
 when he was halted, at the request of the Interior Department, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 229 
 
 and ordered to return to White River ; here he encamped until 
 the latter part of November, when he returned to Fort D. A. Rus- 
 sell, where he served until the next spring, when he changed 
 station, with the regimental headquarters and four companies, to 
 Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he arrived on the 2d of May, 1880. 
 
 He declined, in August, 1880, the superintendency of the 
 Mounted Recruiting Service rather than relinquish the opportu- 
 nities for field-service in command of the regiment, which he held 
 without interruption from October, 1876, to August, 1882, when 
 he was appointed superintendent of the Mounted Recruiting 
 Service ; but a few days later the assignment was revoked, and he 
 was appointed superintendent of the Military Academy, to date 
 from September 1, 1882. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 
 
 1. Robeet E. Lee was born in Westmoreland County, Va., 
 January 19, 1807. He was the youngest son of Colonel Henry 
 Lee, the celebrated cavalry leader of the Revolutionary Army and 
 the governor of Virginia in 1791. Two of his grand-uncles were 
 signers of the Declaration of Independence. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1829, and assigned 
 to the corps of Engineers, receiving the commissions of brevet 
 second lieutenant and second lieutenant with rank from the day 
 he was graduated. He was promoted a first lieutenant September 
 21, 1836, and a captain July 7, 1838. He was employed in the 
 construction of Forts Monroe and Calhoun, Va., until 1834, 
 when he was appointed assistant for the chief of Engineers, and 
 served in that capacity until 1837. He also served during this 
 period as assistant astronomer for fixing the boundary-line 
 between Ohio and Michigan. He was superintending engineer 
 of the improvements of the Missouri and Upper Mississippi Rivers, 
 1837-41, and had general charge of the Lower Mississippi and 
 the Ohio Rivers below Louisville, Ky., 1840-41. In 1837 he ac- 
 complished an important river improvement at St. Louis, where, 
 by patient industry and skilful engineering, he diverted, with a 
 system of dikes, the river currents which were threatening, by 
 washing out a new channel towards the American bottoms, to 
 make that place an inland town. He succeeded in this work 
 
230 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 after large sums of money had been expended in fruitless efforts 
 to avert the danger, and when it was generally believed that 
 nothing more could be done. A railway now crosses the dikes to 
 which St. Louis undoubtedly owes its present prosperity, while 
 their construction is an ever-present evidence of Captain Lee's 
 genius. He was employed from 1841 to 1846 in various duties 
 pertaining to his corps, the most notable of these being the repair- 
 ing and construction of the New York harbor defenses at the 
 Narrows ; was a member of the Board of Visitors to the Military 
 Academy, and assistant for the chief of Engineers (1844) ; and 
 thereafter, and until March, 1846, a member of the Board of 
 Engineers for the Atlantic coast defenses. 
 
 Captain Lee was assigned, at the beginning of the war with 
 Mexico, to duty as chief engineer for Brigadier-General John E. 
 Wool, and marched with the army towards Chihuahua. Informa- 
 tion was received just before the battle of Buena Vista that Gen- 
 eral Santa Anna had crossed the mountains and was only twenty 
 miles away. Captain Lee having volunteered to ascertain the 
 state of affairs, was directed to secure a guide and take a cavalry 
 company which would meet him at an outside picket-guard. Se- 
 curing a young Mexican who knew the country, he started upon 
 the supposed perilous mission. He missed the picket-guard and 
 the cavalry escort, and soon found himself far beyond the Ameri- 
 can lines. He could not return and accomplish the reconnais- 
 sance during the night, so he rode forward until within five miles 
 of the place where the enemy were reported to be, discovered by 
 the moonlight that the road was marked with the fresh tracks of 
 mules and wagons, and concluded that these were evidences of a 
 large force sent forward to make a reconnaissance. Most officers 
 would have returned after making this discovery, which seemed 
 to corroborate the original information ; but he determined to go 
 ahead until he discovered the enemy's pickets. Not finding any, 
 he concluded that he had missed them and was within the Mexi- 
 can lines. The guide, now greatly alarmed, begged that he 
 would return, saying there was a stream of water at that place 
 and that the Mexican army must be there, and to go forward 
 would be capture for both and certain death for himself. The 
 guide was permitted to halt while Captain Lee moved on until he 
 eaw what seemed to be a number of tents gleaming in the moon- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 231 
 
 light. Ho proceeded cautiously until he discovered that the sup- 
 posed encampment was a large flock of sheep. He then rode into 
 the camp, conversed with the drovers, ascertained that Santa Anna 
 had not crossed the mountains, galloped hack to the guide, and 
 returned to headquarters, where he found General Wool alarmed 
 concerning his prolonged absence and threatening to hang the 
 father of the guide. Notwithstanding he had traveled forty 
 miles that night, he rested only three hours before taking a 
 squadron of cavalry, with which he made a reconnaissance far 
 beyond the stream where he had discovered the sheep, and ascer- 
 tained the position and strength of the enemy. 
 
 He joined General Scott soon after these events, and was con- 
 spicuously employed during the brilliant operations which charac- 
 terized the triumphant march of the National army to the city 
 of Mexico. He also developed during this eventful period the 
 qualities which at a later day distinguished him as a master of 
 offensive and defensive tactics. He was present at the siege of 
 Vera Cruz, where he distinguished himself, being indefatigable 
 in making reconnaissances as daring as they were laborious, and 
 of the utmost value. Nor was he less conspicuous in planting 
 batteries and in conducting columns to their stations under the 
 heavy fire of the enemy. 
 
 Captain Lee participated in the battles of Cerro Gordo — win- 
 ning a special mention from General Scott — Contreras, Churu- 
 busco, Molino del Eey, and the storming of Chapultepec, in which 
 General Scott said that he was "as distinguished for felicitous exe- 
 cution as for science and daring." He was wounded during the 
 assault, but continued to carry important orders on the field until 
 he fainted from the effects of the wound and the loss of two nights' 
 sleep at the batteries. He was present at the assault upon, and 
 capture of, the city of Mexico, and soon thereafter, at a brilliant 
 assembly of the officers, was toasted as the captain of engineers 
 who had found a way for the National army to enter the city. In 
 addition to these general engagements he participated in the re- 
 connaissances preceding the battle of Cerro Gordo ; of El Pen on, 
 a strongly fortified mountain commanding one of the principal 
 approaches to Buena Vista, which was reported by General Scott 
 as "'the most daring of the whole war"; through the Pedregal 
 preceding the battle of Contreras; of the Coyoacan at the battle 
 
232 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 of Churubusco, and of the approaches to the city of Mexico. He 
 was made a brevet major, to date from April 18, 1847, for gallant 
 and meritorious conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo ; a brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, to date from August 20, 1847, for gallant and 
 meritorious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco ; 
 and a brevet colonel, to date from September 13, 1847, for gallant 
 and meritorious conduct at the battle of Chapultepec. He re- 
 turned from Mexico with a brilliant record, crowned with honors, 
 covered with brevets, and recognized as one of the most valued 
 officers of the army. General Scott rarely forwarded a dispatch 
 in which his name was not mentioned ; the general said more than 
 once that the success of the campaign was largely due to his skill, 
 valor, and undaunted energy, and ten years later he wrote to the 
 Secretary of War that Eobert E. Lee was the best soldier he ever 
 saw in the field. 
 
 Captain Lee returned to special duty in the Engineer Bureau 
 at Washington, and resumed his former position as a member of 
 the Board of Engineers for the Atlantic coast defenses. When he 
 was stationed in Baltimore the Cuban Junto in New York selected 
 him for their leader in Cuba, and offered every inducement that 
 ambition could desire and pecuniary emoluments beyond any he 
 could hope otherwise to acquire ; but he briefly considered the 
 proposition and declined it. He was appointed superintendent of 
 the Military Academy September 1, 1852, and held the position 
 until March 31, 1855, when, having been appointed lieutenant- 
 colonel of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 
 3, 1855, he was relieved by operation of the existing law which 
 required the superintendent to be an engineer officer. General 
 Scott said that he should have been appointed the colonel of the 
 regiment. He did not object on personal grounds to Colonel John- 
 ston, although he considered that Lee was entitled to the position, 
 as he had announced his purpose to recommend him at the proper 
 time as his successor to the command of the army. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Lee assumed the command of the regiment 
 at Louisville, Ky., in April, 1855, which he exercised until the 
 arrival of Colonel Johnston. He was then stationed at Jefferson 
 Barracks until September, when he was sent to Fort Leavenworth 
 on general court-martial duty. He rejoined the regiment at 
 Camp Cooper, Texas, in April, 1856, where he had station until 
 
MILITARY KECOIIDS OF OFFICERS. 233 
 
 July, 1857. During this period lie commanded an expedition, 
 against the Comanches, to the head-waters of the Brazos and 
 Culorado rivers, and was employed on general court-martial duty 
 at Ringgold Barracks and Fort Brown. He relieved Colonel 
 Johnston from the command of the regiment at San Antonio, in 
 July, 1857, and continued on this duty until the next Octoher, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of ahsence, and did not rejoin 
 the regiment nntil December, 1860. 
 
 He served as a member of the general court-martial which was 
 convened at Newport Barracks in 1858 for the trial of Brigadier- 
 General Twiggs ; he commanded, in October, 1859, the United 
 States forces assembled at Harper's Ferry, Va., for the capture of 
 John Brown and his associates, and he was a witness during the 
 winter of 1859-60 before a special committee of the United States 
 Senate concerning that affair. He returned to San Antonio in 
 February, 1860, and, having assumed the command of the Depart- 
 ment of Texas, was actively employed on the border during the 
 Cortinas raids and until December, when, being relieved by General 
 Twiggs, he resumed the command of the regiment at Fort Mason ; 
 but being soon summoned to Washington, he relinquished the 
 command on the 13th of February, 1861, and did not again join, 
 having been promoted colonel of the First (present Fourth) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 16, 1861. 
 
 The secession movement was now threatening the country, and 
 Colonel Lee, like many officers of Southern birth who gained dis- 
 tinction in the Confederate service, was distressed with conflicting 
 emotions. When he heard of the bombardment of Fort Sumter 
 he secluded himself, so that he could neither see nor converse with 
 politicians, who, he claimed, were alone responsible for the condi- 
 tion of public affairs. 
 
 He wrote from Fort Mason in January, 1861, as follows : 
 
 "As an American citizen I take great pride in my country, 
 her prosperity and institutions. ... I can anticipate no greater 
 calamity for the country than a dissolution of the Union. . . . 
 Secession is nothing but revolution. . . . The framers of the 
 Constitution provided for a perpetual Union and for the establish- 
 ment of a government — not a compact, which can only be dissolved 
 by revolution or the consent of all the people in convention 
 assembled. ... It is idle to talk of secession." 
 
234 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 An officer of the regiment, who was near Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Lee officially and personally, and who messed with him to the day 
 of his departure from Fort Mason, in February, 1861, frequently 
 heard him say that the secession movement was fatally wrong, 
 and if the South had any grievances she ought to seek a remedy 
 within the National Union and by peaceable measures. He re- 
 garded secession as anarchy, and declared that if he owned all the 
 slaves in the South he would liberate them for the preservation of 
 the Republic, and that he would never draw his sword against the 
 national authority except to repel an invasion of his native State. 
 
 He had an interview in Washington with Francis P. Blair, 
 at this gentleman's invitation, and, as Colonel Lee understood, at 
 the instance of the President. At the interview he declined the 
 command of the army which was to be brought into the field, 
 stating candidly that, although opposed to secession, he could not 
 consent to take part in an invasion of the Southern States. He at 
 once informed the general-in-chief of the offer and his decision. 
 He then returned to his home at Arlington, Va., and forwarded 
 his resignation, which was accepted, to date from April 25, 1861. 
 
 There had been great anxiety in Virginia, where he was 
 considered a doubtful man, as to the course which he would 
 pursue. The government had intended to give him a command in 
 keeping with his rank and attainments, and when it became known 
 in Richmond that he had resigned his commission in the United 
 States army the joy of the secessionists was unbounded, while the 
 friends of the nation were correspondingly depressed. The baneful 
 influences of the fallacy of State allegiance overpowered his hopes 
 and desires, as is shown in the letter tendering his resignation, in 
 which he refers to the effort it had cost him to separate himself 
 from a service to which he had devoted the best years of an active 
 life and all the abilities which he possessed, and as is also shown 
 in another letter written on the same day, in which he said : "I 
 recognize no necessity for this state of things." Although he 
 declared if the South should secede he would return to Virginia, 
 and, except in defense of the State, would never again draw his 
 sword, it was the natural result of his act, having abandoned the 
 country, that he should go on until he became thoroughly identi- 
 fied with the rebellion, and lead on the field, with all his masterly 
 abilities, the fortunes of the Confederacy to the end of the terrible 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 235 
 
 struggle, and thus become the most conspicuous military leader in 
 a war having for its object the destruction of the National Union, 
 which he had declared could only be destroyed by a revolution or 
 by the consent of the people in convention assembled. 
 
 It is claimed that he acted under an earnest conviction that he 
 was doing his duty ; but when time has given opportunity for a 
 calm judgment it will be conceded that he, like many of the 
 Confederate generals who won distinction, resigned because he 
 accepted the fallacy of State allegiance, while ho protested to the 
 last moment against the 'suicidal folly of secession. lie was 
 earnestly opposed to the Rebellion from the beginning, and if the 
 better and stronger claim of nationality had been as generally 
 taught at the South as it had been in the North no conception of 
 State authority could have induced him to unite his fortunes with 
 a rebellion against the National Union. He hesitated long between 
 this sentiment and the nobler impulses of his pure character before 
 he yielded to what the future historian will pronounce a mistaken 
 sense of duty, however honestly it may have been entertained. 
 
 Upon the invitation of the governor of Virginia, two days after 
 tendering his resignation, he repaired to Richmond, where he 
 arrived on the 23d of April and accepted the command of the 
 State forces with the rank of a major-general ; and a few days 
 later he was invested with the command of the Confederate troops 
 within the State. He at once entered upon the duties of his office, 
 and soon succeeded in organizing a powerful army. His position 
 as a major-general in the Virginia forces was continued until 
 Richmond became the Confederate seat of government, when he 
 was appointed a brigadier-general, to date from May 10, 1861, and 
 later he was commissioned a general, to date from June 14, 1861, 
 being the third in rank of the five general officers who were 
 confirmed in that grade. He continued for a time thereafter to 
 perform a part of the duties of the Secretary of War and of the 
 adjutant-general, and, while he had no active service in the early 
 field operations, his energy and capacity in organizing troops 
 contributed largely to the Confederate success at Bull Run in 
 July, 1861. 
 
 General Lee's first appearance in the field was in North-western 
 Virginia after the Confederate reverses in that section, where, 
 although he met with no marked disasters beyond a defeat at 
 
236 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Greenbrier on the 3d of October, 1861, his campaign was regarded 
 as a failure, and he returned to Richmond in November with a 
 diminished reputation and was for some time markedly unpopular. 
 The Confederate authorities, in view of the state of public feeling, 
 did not deem it advisable to place him in a conspicuous command, 
 and he was assigned to the charge of the coast defenses of Georgia 
 and South Carolina, where his ability as an engineer officer enabled 
 him to render valuable services. 
 
 It was proposed, in February, 1862, to appoint him Secretary of 
 War, but the Confederate Congress did not think that he stood 
 high enough in the public confidence for the position. His gov- 
 ernment then recalled him to Richmond, where he was charged 
 with the conduct of military operations subject to the control 
 of the Executive. He continued in the discharge of this duty 
 until after the battle of Fair Oaks, when he succeeded General J. 
 E. Johnston (who was wounded) in the command of the Army of 
 Northern Virginia, and at once devoted himself to its increase and 
 reorganization. In the latter part of June he defeated the Na- 
 tional forces at Gaines's Mill and forced them to retreat to Har- 
 rison's Landing, which ended the Virginia Peninsular campaign 
 of 1862. 
 
 General Lee defeated General Pope at the second Bull Run 
 in August, 1862, and, after forcing the National army back to 
 Centreville, undertook in September the dangerous experiment 
 of invading Maryland, for the purpose, as avowed in 1868, of 
 threatening Washington and compelling the National army to 
 return to the north side of the Potomac, so as to relieve Virginia 
 and enable him to subsist his army. He knew that it was useless 
 to attack the fortifications about Alexandria and Washington, and 
 he could not maintain his army at Fairfax. It was expected, 
 however, that he would march to Baltimore, but upon arrival at 
 Frederick City he was compelled to detach a large force to occupy 
 Martinsburg and Harper's Ferry, in order to open his communica- 
 tion through the Shenandoah Valley for the purpose of obtaining 
 from Richmond the necessary supplies for his army, and he was 
 left with only two divisions to mask the movement. Meanwhile he 
 issued at Frederick City a proclamation to the people of Maryland, 
 to which they did not respond, and a few days later, his designs 
 having been penetrated, he was compelled to accept battle at 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 237 
 
 Antietam, where he was defeated. He presented a defensive line 
 of battle the next day, expecting an attack; but finding that 
 there was no disposition to renew the battle, and being unwilling 
 to risk another engagement, he withdrew on the night of the 
 18th, recrossed the Potomac the next morning, and his Maryland 
 campaign ended in failure. 
 
 In December, 1862, General Lee defeated General Burnside at 
 Fredericksburg, where, having the advantage of a strong position, 
 he won a victory by fighting entirely upon the defensive, except 
 in one instance when he advanced three brigades in pursuit of a re- 
 treating column ; but he refused to make a general advance beyond 
 his line of works, and the National army recrossed the Rappahan- 
 nock during the night without being molested. General Lee was 
 subjected to criticism and some censure because of a seeming 
 inertness upon this occasion, and in reply frankly admitted that 
 he had failed to penetrate the designs of the National commander. 
 This battle closed the military operations in Virginia for the year, 
 and the prestige of success rested with the Confederates. In 
 May, 1863, he defeated General Hooker at Chancellorsville, where, 
 by rapid marches and masterly movements, after the National 
 army had crossed the Eappahannock River for the purpose of 
 making an attack, he reached General Hooker's front and at once 
 assumed the offensive and won a decisive victory. 
 
 General Lee then marched his army into Pennsylvania, mainly 
 because the interposition of the Rappahannock between the op- 
 posing armies presented almost insurmountable obstacles to offen- 
 sive operations on the part of the National forces, and he feared 
 to remain on the defensive for any considerable length of time. 
 And thus was undertaken, against the judgment of many of his 
 generals, a second invasion of the North, with the understanding 
 that the movement should be defensive in tactics while it was 
 offensive in strategy. It was not his intention to fight a general 
 battle at such a distance from his base, unless he was forced 
 to do so ; but the Confederate cavalry passed beyond his control, 
 the officer in command having misunderstood his orders. When 
 General Lee was threatened with the battle which finally took place 
 at Gettysburg he was counseled to move on Frederick, thus outflank- 
 ing the National army and at the same time threatening Wash- 
 ington ; but it seems that he was carried away by a great excite- 
 
238 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ment, and for the time lost the sagacity for which he was famous 
 and. permitted himself to open the hattle in the absence of cor- 
 rect intelligence, and then continue it in an effort to overcome 
 the difficulties by which he was surrounded. The result Avas a 
 crushing defeat, and at the end of the third day's fighting, when 
 his magnificent movement against Cemetery Hill had failed, he 
 was at the extremity of fear for the safety of his army, as the 
 Potomac was rising from recent freshets and endangering the 
 chances for escape. On the night of the 4th of July, leaving 
 many of the wounded behind, he began a retreat, and at daybreak 
 his last column had left Gettysburg. He found, as he feared, 
 that the retreat was barred by a rise of the river. He formed 
 a line of battle at Williamsport, where he remained in suspense 
 until the loth, when, having completed pontoon bridges, his army 
 crossed to the Virginia side. His second scheme of invasion was 
 also a failure. He met only defeats and disasters, and it was con- 
 clusively proved that the Confederate forces were unable success- 
 fully to invade the Northern States. 
 
 After the battle of Gettysburg he shared, in common with many 
 of the Confederate generals, the belief that the Eebellion could 
 not succeed, and urged upon his government in the fall of 1864 
 that a peace should be made by the commissioners who were sent 
 to Fort Monroe. He declared that when the National forces 
 again advanced his lines would be broken at Petersburg and 
 that Eichmond must fall. He believed that the National 
 government would yield everything except slavery and secession. 
 But his views were not favorably considered. In February, 1865, 
 the condition of the Confederacy became so critical and the public 
 demand so imperative that he was assigned to the supreme 
 command of the military forces, but the Executive never absolutely 
 yielded this authority until General Lee informed him that his 
 lines were broken at Petersburg, when he was instructed to do the 
 best that he could. The civil functionaries of the Confederacy 
 then fled from Richmond and the soldier remained in the field to 
 be sacrificed. 
 
 When General Lee was invested with the supreme command 
 ho addressed a letter to the Speaker of the Confederate House of 
 Representatives, in which he advocated the enlistment of negroes 
 and expressed his conviction that they would, under proper cir- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 239 
 
 cumsfcances, make excellent soldiers; he also recommended that 
 those who were enlisted should be given their freedom. But the 
 speedy ending of the Rebellion prevented decisive action upon 
 these suggestions. 
 
 After a struggle of eleven months, beginning in the spring 
 of 1864, General Lee was driven back on Richmond and Peters- 
 burg, compelled to abandon Richmond April 2, 1865, and finally 
 to surrender his army at Appomattox Court- House on the 9th. 
 During this campaign, one of the most severe and destructive 
 recorded in modern history, he displayed great energy and wonder- 
 ful tactical knowledge. It is claimed that he only surrendered 
 when he could no longer offer battle. The purpose of General 
 Grant's campaign in the spring of 1865 was neither to capture 
 Richmond nor to defeat the Army of Northern Virginia in a 
 pitched battle ; but to exclude that army from the contest, and 
 then, if possible, secure the influence of General Lee to induce 
 the surrender of the other isolated armies. If the Army of 
 Northern Virginia had succeeded in effecting its escape the superb 
 fighting material of which it was composed might have degene- 
 rated into guerrilla bands. It was with this view that General 
 Grant began the correspondence with which the country is fa- 
 miliar. General Lee said after the surrender that the South was 
 unable to offer any further organized resistance. When the Army 
 of Northern Virginia surrendered to the National authority the 
 Rebellion was practically ended. 
 
 General Lee surrendered with modest dignity, and by his ex- 
 ample inspired the people of the Southern States with a wholesome 
 idea of the duty they owed, not only to themselves, but also to 
 the government under which they must live and to which they 
 must look for protection. An indictment for treason was pre- 
 sented against him in the United States Court at Norfolk, Va., 
 and the President was disposed to take action thereon ; but pro- 
 ceedings were withheld at the interposition of General Grant, who 
 maintained that the parole given by General Lee protected him 
 so long as he observed its conditions, and that a prosecution would 
 compromise the engagements which had been made at Appomattox. 
 
 General Lee accepted, on the 28th of September, 1865, the 
 presidency of Washington College, at Lexington, Va., which he 
 retained until his death. He refrained from any participation in 
 
240 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 public affairs, and devoted himself to the duties of a college 
 president and to the preparation of a new edition of his father's 
 memoirs. His habits were those of a thorough soldier. He 
 was able and courageous, usually prudent and naturally aggres- 
 sive, but his manoeuvres on the field were generally inferior to 
 his strategy. 
 
 In considering his reputation as a general it is only just to 
 remember that he was almost unanimously supported by the South- 
 ern people and that he had for a long time the sympathy of many 
 of the powerful states of Europe, which viewed with disfavor the 
 political union of the United States. But he was, all in all, a 
 wise general, and one of the ablest of the Southern leaders. 
 
 General Lee was six feet and one inch in height, and weighed 
 two hundred pounds without being burdened with superfluous 
 flesh. He had perfect command over his temper. His moral 
 influence was wonderful, and simplicity and gentleness were con- 
 spicuous in his daily life. He possessed a slow, conservative 
 nature without imagination, and always presented a dignified 
 appearance in public. He was of a colder nature than General 
 Albert Sidney Johnston, not so open but perfectly up-right, 
 more politic, and careful to conform to all social usages. His 
 soldiers had great confidence in him, and during the latter part 
 of the war he acquired the name of " Uncle Robert." He was 
 utterly destitute of personal ambition where its attainment would 
 injure others. In his private life he was dignified without pre- 
 sumption, affable without familiarity, and courteous to all persons. 
 
 On the afternoon of September 28, 1870, in his home at Lex- 
 ington, Va., he was suddenly stricken by a loss of speech and 
 motion. He rallied the next day, and as there were no symptoms 
 of paralysis or apoplexy the physicians hoped that the attack was 
 simply the result of overwork, and that it would be easily over- 
 come by a season of rest. His condition continued favorable until 
 the 10th of October. He had recovered his speech and his intel- 
 lect was unimpaired, but he did not entertain any hope of recovery. 
 On the 11th his condition became critical and his mind began to wan- 
 der. He ordered his tents to be struck and commanded the imme- 
 diate presence of General Hill. He gradually failed from that time 
 until the morning of the 12th, when at half-past nine o'clock he 
 quietly passed from earthly scenes and rested from his life labors. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 241 
 
 2. John Sedgwick was born at Cornwall, Conn., September 
 13, 1813. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 
 1st of July, 1837, assigned to the Second Artillery as a second 
 lieutenant, and was promoted, in his regiment, a first lieutenant 
 April 19, 1S39, and a captain January 2G, 1819. He proceeded 
 on the expiration of the graduating leave to Florida, where he 
 served in the war against the Seminole Indians, being engaged in 
 the skirmish near Fort Clinch on the 20th of May, 1838. He was 
 employed in the Cherokee Nation during the fall of 1838 while the 
 government was removing the Indians to the West. He was then 
 assigned to recruiting service for a brief period, and thereafter 
 served on the Northern border during the Canadian disturbances 
 in 1839, and at Buffalo and Fort Niagara, N. Y., until 1811. 
 
 He served at Fort Monroe, Va., and Forts Hamilton and 
 Columbus, N. Y., 1842-46, and was stationed at Fort Adams, 
 Ft. I., when he was ordered to Lobos Island, where he arrived on 
 the 21st of February, 1817, and sailed thence to Vera Cruz, where 
 he landed on the 9th of March and participated in the siege of 
 that place. He was engaged in the battle of Cerro Gordo, and 
 thereafter marched with his regiment from Tepeyahualco ; was 
 engaged in the skirmish of Cemazocpie, and arrived at Pueblo on 
 the 15th of May, where he remained until the next August, when 
 he marched with his regiment to Tacubaya, where he arrived on 
 the 21st, being engaged en route in the capture "of San Antonio 
 and in the battles of Contreras and Churubusco. He also partici- 
 pated in the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec (distin- 
 guished for gallant conduct), and in the assault upon, and capture 
 of, the city of Mexico, being conspicuous in the attack upon the 
 San Cosme Gate. He was stationed in the city of Mexico until 
 December, 1847, when he was transferred to Tacubaya, and served 
 there until the 1st of February, 1818, when he changed station 
 to the Castle of Chapultepec, where he served until the 10th of 
 June, when he proceeded with his company to Jalapa, thence to 
 Vera Cruz, where he embarked on the ship Brunswick, on the 
 14th of July, and arrived at Governor's Island, N. Y., on the 16th 
 of August, having commanded his company during the entire war 
 with Mexico. He was made a brevet captain, to date from August 
 20, 1817, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of Con- 
 treras and Churubusco, and a brevet major, to date from Septem- 
 16 
 
242 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ber 13, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of 
 Cliapul tepee. 
 
 He changed station to Fort Monroe in October, 1848, and 
 served at that post and at Fort Henry until the 29th of May, 1855, 
 when he was appointed junior major in the First (present Fourth) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 8, 1855. Major Sedgwick at once 
 proceeded to Fort Leavenworth and was engaged in quelling the 
 Kansas border disturbances of 1855-56. He participated in the 
 Cheyenne expedition of 1857, and was engaged in the action on 
 Solomon Eiver, Kan., on the 29th of July, and in the skirmish 
 near the Saline River, Kan., on the 6th of August. He served 
 with the Utah expedition of 1857-58, and commanded the Kiowa 
 and Comanche expedition of 1860. The beginning of the war of 
 the Rebellion found him at Fort Wise, Col. He joined Major 
 Emory at Fort Washita, and marched under his command to Fort 
 Leavenworth, and proceeded thence to Washington. He was pro- 
 moted lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to 
 date from March 16, 1861 ; colonel of the Fourth (old First) 
 Cavalry, to date from August 3, 1861, and on the 31st of August, 
 1861, was commissioned a brigadier-general of volunteers. He 
 served in the defenses of Washington and commanded a brigade 
 until February, 1862, when he was assigned to the command of the 
 Third Division, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, then under 
 General Sumner, and was employed in guarding the Potomac 
 near Poolesville, Md., until March, 1862, when he joined the Vir- 
 ginia Peninsular campaign and participated in the siege of York- 
 town, the battles of Fair Oaks, Savage Station, and Glendale, and 
 the action of Peach Orchard. He was particularly distinguished 
 in these battles, and was wounded at Glendale. His division was 
 conspicuous at the second Bull Run, where he was distinguished 
 in directing movements during the retreat to Washington. He 
 participated in the Maryland campaign, and was engaged in the 
 battle of Antietam, where he repeatedly led his men against the 
 enemy, until the ground over which his division had fought was 
 covered with the dead. He was thrice severely wounded, but re- 
 fused to be carried from the field until faintness from loss of blood 
 compelled him to relinquish his command. 
 
 General Sedgwick was nominated, in December, 1862, in re- 
 cognition of valuable and conspicuous services in the campaigns 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 243 
 
 of that year, to be a major-general of volunteers, and was con- 
 firmed in March, 18G3, to date from July 4, 1862. His wounds 
 enforced an absence from the field until the latter part of Decem- 
 ber, 18G2, when he rejoined the Army of the Potomac and was 
 assigned to the command of the Ninth Corps ; on the 5th of Feb- 
 ruary, 1863, he was transferred to the Sixth Corps. He was then 
 known as one of the best division commanders in the army, and 
 had made the Second Division of General Sumner's corps one of 
 the best in the service. He participated in the Chancellorsville 
 campaign of May, 1863, and led his corps in the famous and suc- 
 cessful assault upon Marye's Heights, where he won for himself and 
 his men a lasting renown ; and later, when advancing towards 
 Chancellorsville for the purpose of forming a junction with the 
 main army, finding himself cut off and caught between the Con- 
 federate forces, which reoccupied the heights when he abandoned 
 them, and General Lee's main army, while on his left was another 
 strong force and on his right an almost impassable river, he mani- 
 fested those masterly qualities which stamped him as a leader bom 
 to command. With excellent management and stubborn fighting 
 he succeeded in extricating his corps from its perilous position and 
 recrossed the Rappahannock. His conduct during the retreat was 
 cool and nnimpassioned. He personally examined the ground in 
 front and rear, frequently riding the entire length of the lines, 
 to order a battery placed at some commanding point, or to select 
 a new position for the troops to occupy in case of necessity. He 
 seemed to be everywhere present, full of energy and determination. 
 During these movements his corps lost nearly five thousand men- 
 in killed and wounded — about one thousand more than either of 
 the other six corps of the army, and considerably more than one- . 
 fourth of the entire casualties of the campaign. 
 
 General Sedgwick commanded the right wing of the National 
 army during the Pennsylvania campaign, in which he was con- 
 spicuous for valuable services. He arrived with his corps at Gettys- 
 burg on the afternoon of the 2d of July, after a forced march of 
 nearly thirty-five miles, and was at once placed in position as the 
 reserve for the right. He arrived on the field in time to prevent a 
 serious disaster to the National army, defeating, in connection with 
 the Fifth and a part of the First Corps, a desperate and almost suc- 
 cessful attempt oi the enemy, who were penetrating the.National 
 
244 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 lines to the right of Round Top, to outflank the left wing of the 
 army. It is believed but for the presence of the Sixth Corps on this 
 occasion the National lines would have been broken and the army 
 probably routed. If he had been an hour later it is not improbable 
 that his corps would have covered the retreat of the Army of the 
 Potomac. The men marched as they had never marched before, 
 and their achievements on that memorable day are among the 
 proudest of their well-earned laurels. When it was ascertained 
 that the enemy were retreating General Sedgwick was dispatched 
 in pursuit on the Fairfield road, which he continued to Fairfield 
 Pass, in the South Mountain range. He commanded the light 
 wing (Fifth and Sixth Corps) of the Army of the Potomac during 
 the Rapidan campaign, September-December, 1863, and captured 
 at Rappahannock Station, on the 7th of November, a division of 
 the enemy, and received the thanks of General Meade for the 
 skilful management of his troops on that occasion. He was also 
 engaged in the operations at Mine Run, which closed the impor- 
 tant movements for the year. 
 
 General Sedgwick commanded his corps in the Richmond cam- 
 paign of 1864, and participated in the battle of the Wilderness, 
 where his abilities were displayed to the greatest advantage, and he- 
 was recognized as one of the ablest generals of the Avar. He had 
 commanded the army upon several occasions during the absence of 
 General Meade, and had been offered the permanent command, but 
 was too modest to accept the trust. His corps, except three brigades 
 of the First Division, occupied the extreme right at the battle of 
 the Wilderness, where the enemy made the most determined efforts 
 during the day and until late in the night to turn his flank, but he 
 held the position without assistance, although he had called for it. 
 The battle was opened the next morning by a fierce charge against 
 his corps, which was successfully resisted ; but towards evening the 
 enemy succeeded in breakingthe line of the Second Corps, and then 
 rushed with terrific force against the Sixth Corps, which, after re- 
 peated charges, was forced back to the Brock road. The unequal 
 contest was maintained for thirty- six hours, when the corps, almost 
 destroyed, fell back to a stronger position. Finally the Third 
 Division gave way, and the panic was communicated to other 
 organizations, and for a time the right wing, if not the whole 
 army, was in great danger. Then it was that General Sedgwick 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 245 
 
 showed his ability to meet a great emergency. Adversity devel- 
 oped the grand qualities of his nature. His bravery and deter- 
 mination had been displayed on the retreat to Banks' Ford, and 
 his unsurpassed heroism at Antietamwas familiar to all ; and now, 
 regardless of personal safety, he faced the disordered mass of Hying 
 fugitives of the Third Division and prevailed upon them to halt and 
 re-form their ranks. He then turned to the veterans of the First 
 Division and appealed to them to remember the honor of the Sixth 
 Corps. His courageous bearing was irresistible, and the men with a 
 great cheer charged the enemy and retook their original line; but, 
 being charged in flank, they were forced to wheel back to the rally- 
 ing point, when they again charged and succeeded in holding the 
 line, and thus averted a great disaster to the National army. 
 
 The result of this battle proved that the enemy were too strong 
 to force in front, and it was decided to place the National army be- 
 tween General Lee and Kichmond, and with this purpose in view 
 General Sedgwick initiated the first of that wonderful series of 
 flank movements which have become the admiration of the world. 
 Withdrawing the Fifth and Sixth Corps quietly from the line held 
 by them, and moving to the rear of the army, he marched rapidly 
 from the right to the left flank and towards Spottsylvania. This 
 movement, quickly followed by the other corps, was completed on 
 the 8th of May, and the old Wilderness field was abandoned to the 
 enemy; but they, divining the object of the movement, had marched 
 troops to the same place by a shorter line, and the contending 
 armies were again face to face and the battle of Spottsylvania was 
 begun. There was some fighting on the 9th, and a skirmish -fire 
 was kept up on the line during the day. The Sixth Corps occupied 
 the left centre, and while General Sedgwick was engaged in making 
 a reconnaissance on the field during the afternoon of that day, and 
 as he was standing behind the advanced line of breastworks occu- 
 pied by his men, superintending, as was his custom, the placing of 
 a battery of artillery at an angle which he regarded as of great 
 importance, he was shot by a Confederate sharpshooter and al- 
 most instantly killed. 
 
 With his chief of staff he had walked out to the position, where 
 the whiz of bullets caused the men to dodge and duck their heads. 
 He smiled at them good-naturedly with his winning manner, until 
 finally a bullet whizzed so near a soldier's ear that the man dropped 
 
246 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to the ground. The general touched him with his foot in humor- 
 ous disdain, saying, " Pooh, pooh, man ! They could not hit an 
 elephant at that distance." The men laughed over the incident, 
 although the bullets continued to whiz unpleasantly near, and the 
 general was still smiling over the banter when his chief of staff 
 heard the whiz of a bullet culminate in what seemed an explosion 
 close behind him, and said: "General, that must have been an 
 explosive bullet." No answer was returned, but as the face of 
 General Sedgwick turned towards the officer a sad, curious, not 
 despairing, but almost contented smile was upon it. Another 
 moment and he fell helplessly to the ground. The bullet had 
 entered the face just below the left eye, pierced the brain, and 
 passed out at the back of the head. He never spoke afterwards, 
 although he breathed softly for a while. 
 
 Never had such a sorrow fallen upon the Army of the Potomac, 
 because of the death of one man, as came upon it when the tidings 
 passed along the line that John Sedgwick was sleeping in death. 
 The battle waited for a time. He had honored the battle, and 
 thus the battle honored him. He was one of the oldest, ablest, 
 and bravest generals in the Army of the Potomac. He was much 
 like General Thomas in manner, disposition, and appearance. 
 While he was modest and retiring in ordinary intercourse, he 
 always exhibited the most brilliant qualities in battle. The dignity 
 of his bearing fitted him for command, and he required no insignia 
 of rank to win the deference of those about him. He was of stout 
 build, strong and manly in appearance, and a trifle abrupt in 
 manner. He was conspicuous for purity of character and solid 
 worth, while his simplicity and manliness endeared him to all 
 men. No general was more beloved by the army or more highly 
 honored by the country. His corps regarded him as a father, and 
 his masterly military abilities caused his judgment to be sought 
 after by his superiors in all critical emergencies. 
 
 Near the north-west angle of the parade-ground at the Military 
 Academy is a beautiful statue in bronze standing on a base of 
 granite. On the south side of the base is the insciiption : " Major- 
 General John Sedgwick, U. S. Volunteers, Colonel Fourth Cavalry, 
 U.S.A. Born September 13, 1813. Killed in battle at Spottsyl- 
 vania, Va., May 9, 18G4, while in command of the Sixth Corps, 
 Army of the Potomac. The Sixth Army Corps, in loving admi- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 247 
 
 ration of its commander, dedicates this statue to his memory." 
 On the north side of the base is a bass-relief in bronze representing 
 the death-scene in the woods, with two attendants bending over 
 the fallen general. In bronze relief on the east side of the base 
 is a massive cross, and on the west a heavy wreath. It adds greatly 
 to the pathetic effect that, while the statue is in full military dress 
 and the countenance is set with resolve and aglow with hope, the 
 bass-relief behind tells the sad ending in army blouse, trowsers, and 
 felt hat, with features relaxed in the feebleness of approaching 
 death. 
 
 4. Delos B. Sacket was born in New York. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1845, assigned to 
 the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and served with that regiment until September, 1846, 
 when he was appointed a second lieutenant in the First Dragoons 
 (now First Cavalry), to date from June 30, 1846. He was pro- 
 moted, in that regiment, a first lieutenant December 27, 1848. 
 
 He served in the military occupation of Texas and in the 
 Mexican War, and was engaged in the battles of Palo Alto, 
 Resaca de la Palma, and Monterey, where he was distinguished 
 for gallant bearing. He participated in the famous charge at 
 Eesaca de la Palma, where Captain May, with eighty dragoons, 
 captured eight guns and the Mexican General Vega. During the 
 charge his horse was wounded and fell with him into a water-hole. 
 He disengaged himself with great difficulty, and, gaining the bank, 
 seized a horse from a Mexican trooper and rejoined his squadron. 
 He was specially mentioned in the official report of Colonel Twiggs 
 for conspicuous conduct on that occasion, and was made a bre- 
 vet first lieutenant, to date from May 9, 1846, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battles of Palo Alto and Eesaca de la 
 Palma. 
 
 He was assigned at the end of the war to duty in the Indian 
 Territory, Arkansas, and New Mexico, where he served until 
 1850, when, after a brief tour of recruiting service, he was trans- 
 ferred, in December, to the Military Academy as an assistant in- 
 structor of cavalry tactics, and was employed on that duty until 
 
248 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 
 
 he was appointed one of the original captains in the First (present 
 Fourth) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. The headquurters 
 of his regiment were established, in orders, at Jefferson Barracks ; 
 but shortly thereafter they were transferred to Fort Leavenworth, 
 where he joined after a tour of regimental recruiting service. 
 
 He was employed in removing intruders from the Indian lands 
 in Kansas, 1855-56 ; served at Washington in 1857 as a member of 
 a board of officers which was convened to revise the army regula- 
 tions ; and, returning to frontier service, was engaged in quelling 
 the Kansas border disturbances of 1857-58, participated in the 
 Utah and Cheyenne expeditions of 1858 and in the Antelope Hills 
 expedition of 1859. He then availed himself of a leave of ab- 
 sence and visited Europe. Upon his return to the United Slates 
 he was assigned to Fort Arbuckle, I. T., where he was stationed 
 at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He marched, under 
 the command of Major Emory, to Fort Leavenworth, where he 
 arrived late in May. He was promoted a major in his regiment, 
 to date from January 31, 1861, and upon arrival at Fort Leaven- 
 worth was informed of his promotion to the lieutenant-colonelcy 
 of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from May 3, 1861. He 
 proceeded to Washington, where he arrived about the middle of 
 June, and was assigned to duty with Brigadier-General Mansfield 
 as acting inspector-general, and discharged the duties of the posi- 
 tion until the next August, when he was assigned to New York 
 City as a mustering and disbursing officer; on the 1st of October, 
 1861, he was appointed an inspector general with the rank of 
 colonel, and served as inspector-general of the Army of the Poto- 
 mac from December, 1861, to January, 1863 ; participated in the 
 Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and Rappahannock campaigns, 
 and was engaged in the battles of Gaines's Mill, Glendale, Malvern 
 Hill, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other en- 
 gagements of less importance. 
 
 Colonel Sacket was then placed in charge of the inspector- 
 general's office in the War Department, where he served until the 
 latter part of May, 1863, when he was appointed a member of a 
 board of officers which was convened to organize the Invalid 
 Corps. Upon the completion of this duty, in August, he was 
 made a member of a retiring board, and so continued until April, 
 1864, when he began a tour of inspection which embraced the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 249 
 
 Departments of the Tennessee, the Cumberland, Arkansas, and 
 New Mexico, and occupied his time until August, 1865, when lie 
 returned to New York City, and awaited orders until April, L866. 
 He was made a brevet brigadier-general and a brevet major- 
 general, to date from March 13, 18G5, for gallant, faithful, and 
 meritorious services in the field during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 Colonel Sacket made a tour of inspection on the Pacitic coast 
 during the summer of 18GG, and thereafter served as inspector- 
 general of the Department of the Tennessee and of the Cumber- 
 land from November, 18GG, to October, 18G8. He was then trans- 
 ferred to the Division of the Atlantic, where he served until 
 October, 1872, when lie was assigned to duty in the War Depart- 
 ment, and acted under the instructions of the Secretary of War 
 until July, 1876. He was then assigned as inspector-general of 
 the Division of the Missouri, and continued to discharge the duties 
 of the position, having station at Chicago, until January 2, 1881, 
 when, having become the senior inspector-general of the army, he 
 was promoted a brigadier-general and transferred to Washington, 
 D. 0., where he is now serving. 
 
 5. Lawrence P. Graham was born in Virginia, and was 
 appointed from that State a second lieutenant in the Second 
 Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) October 13, 1837, and was pro- 
 moted, in his "regiment, a first lieutenant January 1, 1839, and a 
 captain August 31, 1843. He served in Florida and the South- 
 west until about 1844, being engaged in a combat with the 
 Seminole Indians at Lochahatchee, January 24, 1838, and was re- 
 ported in October, 1840, as "sick of wounds at San Augustine." 
 His career in Florida was that of all officers who served there 
 during the long-continued contest with the Seminoles— marches, 
 scouts, and campaigns, with combats and actions, attracting much 
 attention then, but now almost if not entireiy forgotten except by 
 the older officers of the army. 
 
 He was stationed at Fort Jesnp, La., from May, 1842, to July, 
 1845, when he marched across the country, about live hundred 
 miles, to Corpus Christi, and arrived there late in August, where 
 the Army of Occupation under the command of General Taylor 
 
250 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 was to assemble. He participated, in March, 1846, in the move- 
 ment to Camps Twiggs and Matamoras and Point Isabel ; served 
 in the Mexican War, and was engaged in the battles of Palo Alto, 
 Resaca de la Palma, and Monterey ; won a conspicuous mention in 
 the report of Captain May, Second Dragoons, for gallantry in lead- 
 ing a charge against the enemy's batteries at Eesaca de la Palma, 
 and was made a brevet major, to date from May 9, 1846, for gallant 
 conduct at the battles of Palo Alto and Eesaca de la Palma. 
 
 When General Scott arrived at the mouth of the Eio Grande, 
 about the 1st of January, 1847, Captain Graham's company was 
 retained with General Taylor, while the other companies of his 
 regiment joined General Scott. Thus it happened, when the de- 
 cision was made, in July, 1848, to march troops overland to Cali- 
 fornia, that he was available to accompany the command. 
 
 Upon arrival at Chihuahua the troops were divided into two 
 detachments, and Captain Graham marched with his squadrons 
 (one of the First and one of the Second Dragoons) by the way of 
 Tucson, and arrived at the Gila River, near the Colorado, late in 
 October. During the march thence to Los Angeles the troops 
 suffered severely, and he did not succeed in getting his men into 
 quarters until about the 10th of January, 1849. He was for some 
 time in command of the Southern Military District of California, 
 and displayed much energy and good judgment in discharging the 
 duties of the position ; but the discovery of gold caused many 
 desertions, and, as a result, the non-commissioned officers and 
 musicians of his companies were ordered on recruiting service, 
 and the remaining men were transferred to the First Dragoons. 
 
 He then returned to the Atlantic States, where he served 
 until April, 1850, when he started with a detachment of recruits 
 for Santa Fe, where he arrived in July, and continued on duty in 
 New Mexico until August, 1852 (participating in the Navajo 
 expedition of that year). He was then ordered to New York 
 City on cavalry recruiting service, where he had station until 
 October, 1854, when he rejoined his company at Fort Leavenworth, 
 and was actively employed on the plains until he was promoted 
 a major in his regiment, to date from June 14, 185S. He was 
 then appointed superintendent of the Mounted Eecruiting Ser- 
 vice and stationed at Carlisle Barracks, where he served until 
 September, 1861, when the war of the Rebellion called him to other 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 251 
 
 fields of duty. Tie was appointed :i brigadier-general of volunteers 
 August 31, 18G1, and was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth 
 Cavalry October 1, 18G1. He organized the cavalry brigade at 
 Washington and in the Army of the Potomac, which he command- 
 ed until April, 18G2. He was president of a general court-martial 
 at St. Louis, and also president of a board of officers which was 
 convened at Annapolis for the examination of invalid officers for 
 promotion, until the fall of 18G6. He was promoted colonel of the 
 Fourth Cavalry May 9, 1864, and was made a brevet brigadier- 
 general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct during the Avar of the Eebellion, and was mustered out 
 of volunteer service August 24, 1865. He served as a member 
 of a board of officers which was convened at Washington for the 
 examination of candidates for commissions in the regular army, 
 September-December, 1867 ; as inspector-general of the Fifth 
 Military District, at New Orleans, January-June, 1868, and as 
 president of a retiring board at St. Louis, July-December, 1868. 
 He then proceeded to Texas, where he commanded his regiment 
 until December 15, 1870, when he was retired from active service at 
 his own request, having served over thirty years. He has traveled 
 extensively during the past twelve years, and wherever met, at 
 home or in foreign lands, he is the same genial, warm-hearted 
 soldier that he was in Florida, in Mexico, and on the shores of the 
 Pacific. 
 
 6. Andrew J. Smith was born in Bucks County, Pa. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1838, assigned to the First Dragoons (now First Cavalry) as a 
 second lieutenant, and was promoted, in his regiment, a first lieu- 
 tenant March 4, 1845, a captain February 16, 1847, and a major 
 May 13, 1861. 
 
 After serving at Carlisle and on recruiting service he was trans- 
 ferred to the frontier, and participated in an expedition to the 
 Pottawatomie country in 1840 ; thereafter served in Kansas and 
 Missouri, with stations at Fort Leavenworth and Jefferson Bar- 
 racks, and participated in 1845 in an expedition to the South 
 Pass of the Rocky Mountains. 
 
252 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He served, during the war with Mexico, at San Diego, San Fran- 
 cisco, and Sonoma, Gal., and as acting lieutenant-colonel of the bat- 
 talion of Iowa (Mormon) Volunteers, August 30-October 13, 1846. 
 He was then assigned to recruiting duty, and returned to frontier 
 service in Oregon and Washington Territory in 1853, where he 
 remained until the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. Dur- 
 ing these years he was actively employed in the Indian campaigns 
 of 1853-55-56, and I860; was engaged in the skirmish at Cow 
 Creek, October 31, 1855, in the actions with the Snake Indians 
 near Harney's Lake, May 24, 1860, and near the Owyhee River, 
 June 23, 1860, and in other affairs of less importance. He was a 
 member of the Oregon War Claims Commission in 1857-58, and 
 had stations at Forts Orford, Lane, and Yamhill, in Oregon, and 
 Forts Walla Walla and Vancouver, in Washington Territory. 
 
 When the California volunteer regiments were called into the 
 service of the United States he accepted the colonelcy of the Second 
 California Cavalry, to date from October 2, 1861, and joined his 
 regiment at Camp Alert, near San Francisco ; but when the War 
 Department decided that the organization was to remain on the 
 Pacific coast he resigned the colonelcy, November 13, 1861, and 
 proceeded to St. Louis, where he was assigned to duty as chief of 
 cavalry of the Department of the Missouri. He was appointed a 
 brigadier-general of volunteers March 17, 1862, and was made chief 
 of cavalry of the Department of the Mississippi, which position 
 he occupied until July, 1862. He was engaged in the siege of 
 Corinth, and commanded a division in Kentucky during October 
 and November, in the expedition to the Yazoo River, and in the 
 assault of Chickasaw Bluffs, December 27, 1862. 
 
 General Smith commanded the First Division of the Thirteenth 
 Army Corps in the successful assault on Post Arkansas in January, 
 1863, where he displayed the qualities of a skilful soldier. He had 
 the same command during the Vicksburg campaign of 1863, and 
 was engaged in the advance to Grand Gulf; the battles of Port 
 Gibson, Champion Hills, and Big Black River; in the assault upon, 
 and siege of, Vicksburg from the 19th of May to the 4th of July, 
 and the capture of Jackson, Miss. He was transferred, in August, 
 to the command of the Sixth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, 
 which he retained until January, 18G4, and was in command of 
 the District of Columbus, Ky. He was then transferred to the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 253 
 
 command of the Third Division of the same corps, and served in 
 the Department of the Tennessee. He participated in the Red 
 River campaign of 1864, commanding detachments of the Six- 
 teenth and Seventeenth Army Corps, and was engaged in the 
 assault upon, and capture of, Fort De Russy and the battles of 
 Pleasant Hill and Cane River. He protested against the retreat 
 from Pleasant Hill, and desired to pursue the enemy instead of 
 retreating. He was conspicuous for daring and activity in cover- 
 ing the retreat of General Banks' army, and was daily engaged 
 with the enemy. He was made a brevet colonel, to date from 
 April 10, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Pleasant Hill ; was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth 
 Cavalry May 9, 1864, and was appointed a major-general of volun- 
 teers May 12, 1864. 
 
 General Smith commanded the right wing of the Sixteenth 
 Army Corps in the campaign in Mississippi and Tennessee during 
 the summer of 1864, and also commanded in the battles near Lake 
 Village and Tupelo. He was then transferred to Missouri, where 
 he was employed until November, 1864, in protecting St. Louis 
 from a threatened attack by the enemy. He then joined the Army 
 of the Tennessee with two veteran divisions of the Sixteenth Army 
 Corps, participated in the campaign against General Hood's army, 
 and was engaged in the battle of Nashville and in the pursuit of 
 the enemy to Pulaski. 
 
 He commanded the Sixteenth Army Corps from February 
 to July, 1865 ; participated in the Mobile campaign, and was 
 engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort ; held in reserve during 
 the storming of Fort Blakely and in the movement against, and 
 occupation of, Montgomery, Ala. He commanded the District of 
 Montgomery, and later the District of Western Louisiana until 
 January 15, 1866, when he was mustered out of volunteer service. 
 He was made a brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Tupelo, 
 Miss., and a brevet major-general, to date from March 13, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Nashville. 
 
 He was promoted colonel of the Seventh Cavalry, to date from 
 July 28. L866, and assumed the command of his regiment on the 
 26th of November. He also commanded the District of the Upper 
 Arkansas until September 10, 1867, when he succeeded to the 
 
254 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 command of the Department of the Missouri, which he retained 
 until March 2, 1868. He then availed himself of a leave of 
 absence, and resigned his commission on the 6th of May, 1869, 
 to accept the postmastership of St. Louis, which office he held 
 for several years. He was then elected treasurer of the city of 
 St. Louis, and is now discharging the duties of that office. 
 
 7. Thomas Duncan was born in Illinois, and was appointed 
 from that State a first lieutenant in the Mounted Rifles (now Third 
 Cavalry), to date from May 27, 1846. He was employed on 
 recruiting service at Vandalia, 111., until November, when he 
 joined at Jefferson Barracks, and on the 22d of December started 
 for Mexico, and arrived at the mouth of the Eio Grande on the 
 20th of January, 1847. One month later he embarked with his 
 company for Lobos Island, and sailed thence to Vera Cruz, where 
 he landed with his regiment, which was assigned a position 
 in the line of investment of that place on the 13th of March, 
 1847. 
 
 He was on detached service from April, 1847, to January, 1848, 
 when he rejoined his company in the city of Mexico, where he 
 served (promoted a captain March 15, 1848) until June 5, 1848, 
 when he was ordered to Jefferson Barracks, where he arrived in 
 July, and was assigned to regimental recruiting service at Indian- 
 apolis until the end of the year, when he returned to Jefferson 
 Barracks. He proceeded to Fort Leavenworth in March, 1849, 
 marched thence to Fort Laramie, where he arrived in June 
 and had station until September, 1851, when he returned to 
 Fort Leavenworth, whence he was sent to Jefferson Barracks, 
 where he arrived in October. He was then selected to purchase 
 horses for the regiment, and upon the completion of the duty and 
 after a leave of absence rejoined his company near Los Olmitas, 
 Texas, in December, 1852, and continued on duty in that State 
 until the summer of 1856, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence. He rejoined his regiment at Fort Union, N. M., in No- 
 vember, 1857, continued on duty in that Territory until the sum- 
 mer of 1862, and was actively employed in field and garrison duties. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 255 
 
 He commanded Forts Burgwin and Massachusetts, and had charge 
 of the construction of, and commanded, Fort Garland, Col. lie 
 participated in the Navajo expedition of 1858 ; commanded, in 
 May, 18G1, the escort for the commissioners who were appointed 
 to visit the Comanchcs, and was engaged (commanding) in a com- 
 bat with Santanta's Comanches about fifty miles south of Fort 
 Union, on the 29th of that month, defeating them Avith severe 
 loss. 
 
 He was promoted a major in his regiment, to date from June 
 10, 18G1, and was employed on field-service until July 30 1861, 
 when he was assigned to Fort Wise, Col., where he had station 
 until called to Fort Craig, where he commanded his regiment 
 and the post during the winter of 1861-62. He commanded the 
 cavalry forces at the battle of Val Verde (near Fort Craig), N. M., 
 February 21, 1862, and rendered conspicuous service by supporting 
 Hall's Battery against the repeated charges of the enemy. He was 
 severely wounded in an engagement Avith the enemy near Albu- 
 querque, N. M., April 8, 1862, and was, in consequence thereof, 
 compelled to relinquish the command of his regiment. 
 
 Major Duncan was ordered, in June, 1862, to report to the ad- 
 jutant-general of the army, and on the 25th of April, 1863, was 
 assigned to duty as assistant provost-marshal-general of Iowa, and 
 later was appointed superintendent of the volunteer recruiting ser- 
 vice and chief mustering and disbursing officer in that State. He 
 was thus employed until he was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from July 28, 1866, when he joined the 
 regiment at Nashville, Tenn., and commanded the station from 
 October, 1866, to September, 1868. He also commanded the Dis- 
 trict of Nashville from December, 1867, to September, 1868, when 
 he was relieved and ordered to field-service in the Department of 
 the Platte. He arrived at Fort McPherson, Neb., in May, 1869, 
 where he had station until August, when he was assigned to the 
 command of the Republican River expedition, which was disband- 
 ed on the 31st of October. He then conducted a detachment of 
 the regiment to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he arrived in No- 
 vember and had station until May, 1871. He was then placed in 
 charge of the construction of Sidney Barracks, Neb., where he was 
 employed when the regiment was ordered to Arizona in November, 
 1871. His health would not permit him to accompany the regi- 
 
256 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ment, and he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until Janu- 
 ary 15, 1873, when he was retired from active service for wounds 
 received in the line of duty. He was made a brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, to date from April S, 1862, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the action near Albuquerque, N. M., and a brevet 
 colonel and a brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 His home is in Washington, D. C. 
 
 8. Johx P. Hatch was born in New York. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1845, and assigned 
 to the Third Infantry as a brevet second lieutenant ; was trans- 
 ferred in that grade to the Mounted Rifles (now Third Cavalry) 
 July 17, 1846, and was promoted, in his regiment, a second lieu- 
 tenant April 18, 1847 ; a first lieutenant June 30, 1851, and a cap- 
 tain October 13, 1860. 
 
 He joined his company at Newport Barracks in August, 1846, 
 where he had station until October, when he was transferred to 
 Jefferson Barracks and served as acting regimental adjutant until 
 the 13th of November. He participated in the military occupation 
 of Texas, and was engaged in the battles of Palo Alto and Be- 
 saca de la Palma ; arrived at Vera Cruz in March, 1847, and was 
 actively employed during the war with Mexico, being engaged in 
 the siege of Vera Cruz, the skirmish of Puente del Medio, the 
 battles of Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, Chapul tepee, and 
 the assault upon, and capture of, the city of Mexico, where he was 
 stationed until the 5th of June, 1848. He was made a brevet first 
 lieutenant, to date from August 20, 1847, for gallant and merito- 
 rious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, and a 
 hr vcfc captain, to date from September 13, 1847, for gallant and 
 meritorious conduct at the battle of Chapultepec. He served as 
 acting regimental adjutant from May to July, 1847, and on the 1st 
 of November was appointed adjutant and held the office until May, 
 1850, when he was relieved at his own request. He returned to 
 Jefferson Barracks in July, 1848, and availed himself of a leavf of 
 absence. Upon the expiration of the leave be was assigned to re- 
 cruiting service, and had stations at Oswego and New York until 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 257 
 
 February, 1849, when he rejoined his regiment at Camp Sumner, 
 near Fort Leavenworth. 
 
 He started, in May, 1849, on the overland march with his 
 regiment to Oregon, arrived at Fort Vancouver about the 1st of 
 October, and served as acting assistant adjutant-general of the 
 Eleventh Military Department (Oregon) until May 8, 1850. He 
 was employed on detached service until September, when he re- 
 turned to the Eastern States, and in January, 1851, was assigned 
 to recruiting service at Rochester, N. Y., where he served until 
 October, when he rejoined at Jefferson Barracks and commanded 
 his company until June, 1854. He was acting regimental adjutant 
 from November, 1851, to January, 1852. He changed station to 
 Texas in the winter of 1852, served at Indian ola, Edinburg, and 
 Forts Merrill and Ewell, and was employed on field-service during 
 the summer and fall of 1852, the fall of 1853, and the early sum- 
 mer of 1854. He was assigned, in June, 1854, to recruiting ser- 
 vice, and continued on that duty until July, 1856, when he was 
 ordered to rejoin his regiment in New Mexico. He reported at 
 Fort Union in October, resumed the command of his company 
 in April, 1857, and marched to Albuquerque, whence he moved 
 with the northern column against the Gila Indians, and was en- 
 gaged in the combat at the Canon de los Muerto Carneros on the 
 24th of May. He was then assigned to Fort Defiance, where he 
 arrived in October and served as quartermaster and commissary 
 until September, 1858, when he joined the column against the 
 Navajo Indians and commanded the troops in a skirmish near the 
 Laguna Negra on the 25th of that month, and was engaged in 
 several minor affairs during the progress of the expedition. He 
 changed station to Fort Craig in 1859, commanded the escort 
 with Hon. J. S. Phelps to Fort Leavenworth, and was thus em- 
 ployed from the 1st of July to the 9th of November. He was 
 stationed at Fort Craig and Albuquerque in 1860-61 ; served as 
 quartermaster and commissary at Fort Craig from February to 
 May, 1860, and as depot commissary at Albuquerque and chief 
 commissary of the Department of New Mexico from May, 1860, to 
 September, 1861. He then joined his company (as captain) at 
 Fort Marcy, and was employed in organizing it as a light battery 
 of artillery until the end of October, when he proceeded East for 
 17 
 
258 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 service in the Avar of the Rebellion, having been appointed a briga- 
 dier-general of volunteers, to date from September 28, 1861. 
 
 General Hatch commanded a brigade of cavalry in General 
 King's division at Annapolis during the winter of 1861-62, and 
 distinguished himself by several daring reconnaissances about Gor- 
 donsville, the Rapidan, and the Rappahannock. He commanded 
 the cavalry of the Fifth Army Corps during the operations in the 
 Shenandoah Valley from the 28th of March to the 29th of July, 
 1862, and participated in the combat at Winchester and in the 
 retreat to the Potomac. He was then assigned to an infantry 
 brigade (formerly Augur's), and in August assumed the command 
 of General King's division. He participated in the Northern Vir- 
 ginia and Maryland campaigns of August and September, 1862, 
 and was engaged in the combat at Groveton and in the battles of 
 Manassas (where he was wounded), Chantilly, and South Mountain, 
 where his command formed the right of General Hooker's corps. 
 He was severely wounded in the engagement and did not return to 
 duty until the 18th of February, 1863, when he was assigned to 
 general court-martial service until July 28, 1863. He was then 
 placed in command of the draft rendezvous at Philadelphia until 
 November, when he was assigned to the command of the cavalry 
 station at St. Louis, where he served until February, 1864. He 
 was made a brevet major, to date from August 30, 1862, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Manassas ; a brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, to date from September 14, 1862, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of South Mountain, and on 
 the 27th of October, 1863, he was promoted a major in the Fourth 
 Cavalry. 
 
 General Hatch was assigned, in February, 1864, to the Depart- 
 ment of the South, where he served until the end of the war, 
 commanding at different periods the District of Florida, the Dis- 
 trict of Hilton Head, the Northern District, the Coast Division, 
 and the Department of the South. He also commanded the 
 National forces operating on John's Island, S. C, in July, 1864 ; 
 in the attack at Honey Hill, S. C, November 20, 1864; and the 
 action of Tullifinny River, S. C, December 9, 1864. He then 
 served under the orders of General Sherman, co-operated with the 
 general during his march up the coast, and was engaged in several 
 skirmishes with the enemy. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 259 
 
 General Hatch received the brevets of colonel and brigadier- 
 general, and also the brevet of major-general of volunteers, to date 
 from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the 
 field during the war of the Rebellion, and was mustered out of 
 volunteer service, to date from January 15, 1866. 
 
 He returned to Texas in May, 1866, and commanded his 
 regiment until January, 1868, when he was appointed acting as- 
 sistant inspector-general of the Department of Texas, and dis- 
 charged the duties of that office until the next May. He then 
 served as superintendent of the Mounted Recruiting Service at 
 Carlisle until April, 1870, when he returned to Texas and com- 
 manded Fort Concho until January, 1873. He was promoted 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Cavalry January 15, 1873, but with- 
 out joining exchanged, with Lieutenant-Colonel Carr, to the 
 Fourth Cavalry on the 10th of April, 1873. He served at the 
 headquarters of the Department of Texas from January to Sep- 
 tember, 1873, when he assumed command of Fort Clark and his 
 regiment, which he retained until June, 1875. He was a member 
 of a Board on Army Supplies from January to June, 1876. He 
 was then assigned to the command of Fort Sill, I. T., and was 
 afterwards transferred to Fort Elliott, Texas, where he had station 
 until he was promoted colonel of the Second Cavalry, to date from 
 June 26, 1881. He is now serving at Fort Custer, Mon., as a post 
 and regimental commander. 
 
 9. Eugene A. Carr was born in Erie County, N. Y. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1850, 
 and assigned to the Mounted Rifles (now Third Cavalry) as a 
 brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, a 
 second lieutenant June 30, 1851. He served at Carlisle until 
 June, 1851, when he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, 
 unci served at that station until June, 1852, when he was ordered 
 to Fort Leavenworth for frontier service. He participated in two 
 expeditions to the Rocky Mountains during 1852-53 ; served as 
 adjutant, quartermaster, and commissary for Major Sanderson's 
 command from June to October, 1852, and as adjutant, quarter- 
 master, and commissary for Captain Van Buren's command from 
 July to October, 1853. 
 
260 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1852-53 at Fort Scott, Mo., 
 and in the fall of 1853 was transferred from Fort Leavenworth to 
 Fort Gibson, in the Cherokee Nation, and thence to Texas, where 
 he was actively employed in field-service, and was severely 
 wounded in a combat with the Mescalero Apaches near Mount 
 Diavolo on the 10th of October, 1854. He was promoted, for 
 gallantry in this affair, a first lieutenant in the First (present 
 Fourth) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. He then partici- 
 pated in the Sioux expedition of 1855 ; served at Fort Leavenworth 
 and in field-service in Kansas in 1856 ; was employed in quelling 
 the Kansas border disturbances and served as an aide-de-camp for 
 Governor Eobert J. Walker from the 1st of May to the 22d of 
 December, 1857, when he was ordered to special duty at "Washing- 
 ton, where he remained during the winter. He was promoted a 
 captain, in his regiment, June 11, 1858, and participated in the 
 Utah expedition of that year. He was then ordered to Fort 
 Washita, where he had station until April, 1861, and served with 
 the expedition to the Antelope Hills in 1859, with the Kiowa and 
 Comanche expedition of 1860, and was engaged in several skir- 
 mishes with the hostile Indians. 
 
 Captain Carr marched in May, 1861, under the command of 
 Major Emory, from Fort Washita to Fort Leavenworth, and at 
 once entered upon active service in General Lyon's campaign in 
 South-western Missouri. He participated in the action at Dug 
 Springs and in the battle of Wilson's Creek, where he commanded 
 his company and won the brevet of lieutenant-colonel, to date 
 from August 10, 1861, for gallant and meritorious services. He 
 was commissioned, in September, 1861, colonel of the Third Illi- 
 nois Cavalry, to date from August 15, 1861, and was an acting 
 brigadier-general in General Fremont's Hundred Days' campaign, 
 and later served under Generals Hunter, Halleck, and Curtis. 
 
 He commanded during January, 1862, about twenty-five 
 hundred cavalry which, moving from Rolla towards Springfield, 
 were employed as a force of observation. He was assigned in 
 February to the command of the Fourth Division of the Army of 
 the Southwest; participated in the pursuit of the enemy into 
 Arkansas; was engaged in the battle of Pea Eidge, where he w T as 
 conspicuous for daring and coolness in locating and directing the 
 deployment of his division on the extreme right during the battle 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 261 
 
 of the second day, and where, although thrice wounded, he held 
 his position for seven hours, and hy superb fighting contributed in 
 a great measure to the brilliant success of the National army. 
 The casualties in his command exceeded seven hundred, more than 
 half the entire loss in the two days' battle. He was appointed a 
 brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from March 7, 1862, in 
 recognition of distinguished services on that occasion. He after- 
 wards participated in the operations against Little Rock, the 
 march to Helena during the summer of 1862, and was pro- 
 moted, in November, 1862, a major in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from July 17, 1862. 
 
 General Carr commanded the Army of the South-west during 
 the fall of 1862, and was preparing for an active campaign when 
 failing health compelled him to retire from the field ; he was 
 afterwards assigned to the command of the St. Louis District of 
 Missouri, where he served during the winter of 1862-63. He com- 
 manded the Fourteenth Division of the Thirteenth Army Corps 
 during the Vicksburg campaign of 1863, and was engaged in the 
 battles of Magnolia Church and Port Gibson (leading), the capture 
 of Jackson, the action at Edwards' Station (commanding), the 
 battle of Champion Hill, the capture of the enemy's works at Big 
 Black River Bridge, the assaults upon Vicksburg, 18th (leading) 
 and 22d of May, and the siege and capture of Vicksburg, 23d of 
 May-4th of July. He was conspicuous for courage and ability in 
 the battles of this memorable campaign, and won the highest com- 
 mendations from his corps commander. 
 
 The corps in which General Carr was a gallant leader opened 
 and led the way to the fields of Magnolia Church, Port Gibson, 
 and Champion Hills, where he was remarkable for the vigor of his 
 operations, capturing at Edwards' Station a railway train of com- 
 missary and ordnance stores. The corps fought and won the battle 
 of Big Black River, where General Carr's division had the extreme 
 advance of the National column, and began and ended the engage- 
 ment ; his division also made the first lodgment in the enemy's 
 works at Vicksburg on the 22d of May, where he was conspicuous 
 for coolness under fire and for holding his command so steady that 
 not a regiment faltered on that occasion. He was recommended 
 for promotion as a reward for his skill, valor, and distinguished 
 services during this campaign, which resulted in the defeat of the 
 
262 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 enemy in five battles, the occupation of Jackson, and the capture 
 of Vicksburg ; he was made a brevet colonel, to date from May 
 17, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at Big Black Eiver 
 Bridge. 
 
 General Carr commanded the left wing of the Sixteenth Army 
 Corps at Corinth during the fall of 1863, and in December was 
 transferred to Little Eock, where he commanded the Second 
 Division of the Army of Arkansas until January, 1864. He was 
 afterwards assigned to the command of a cavalry division in the 
 Department of Arkansas, which he retained until May, 1864 ; par- 
 ticipated in the expedition against Camden ; was engaged in the 
 actions at the crossing of the Little Bed River, at Poison Spring 
 (commanding), at Prairie D'Ane, and the crossing of the Saline 
 River at Jenkins' Ferry. He was then assigned to the command 
 of the District of Little Rock, where he served until January, 
 1865, and was engaged with the enemy at Clarendon on the 20th 
 of June. He commanded the Third Division of the Sixteenth 
 Army Corps during the operations against Mobile in the spring of 
 1865, and was distinguished for gallantry at the siege of Spanish 
 Fort, the capture of which compelled the evacuation of Mobile. 
 He also participated in the assault on Fort Blakely, and was made 
 a brevet major-general of volunteers, to date from March 11, 1865, 
 for valuable services during the campaign. He served on the 
 march to Montgomery, Ala., and commanded the St. Francis 
 River District until January 15, 1866, when he was mustered out 
 of volunteer service and was subsequently made a brevet brigadier- 
 general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the capture of Little Rock, Ark.; and a brevet major- 
 general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services in the field during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 Upon the expiration of a brief leave of absence he proceeded to 
 North Carolina, and was assigned, in March, 1866, to the command 
 of a detachment of the regiment and the post of Raleigh. He con- 
 tinued on this duty until April, 1867, when he was placed on wait- 
 ing orders. He was assigned, in September, to duty at the head- 
 quarters of the Department of Washington, where he served as 
 acting judge-advocate until April, 1868, and thereafter, and until 
 about the end of September, as acting assistant inspector-general 
 and discharge officer. He was then ordered to St. Louis for duty 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 263 
 
 with a battalion of the Fifth Cavalry, the companies of which wore 
 moving from stations in the Southern States to Kansas for the 
 purpose of participating in a campaign against the hostile Sioux 
 and Cheyennes. He joined in the field on the 23d of October, and 
 served with the battalion until the 30th of July, 18G9. During 
 this period he commanded an expedition on the western frontier of 
 Kansas in the fall of 1868, and was engaged in the combats of the 
 18th, 25th, and 26th of October on Beaver and Shuter Creeks and 
 on the north branch of Solomon River. He commanded an expe- 
 dition to the Canadian River during the winter of 1868-69 ; and 
 when marching across the country, in May, 1869, from Sheridan, 
 Kan., to Fort McPherson, Neb., fought and defeated a large force 
 of Cheyennes on Beaver Creek, Kan. He vigorously pursued the 
 enemy "for three days, and again inflicted a severe loss upon them 
 at Spring Creek, Neb. He commanded the expedition to the 
 Republican River during June and July, 1869, and by a series of 
 brilliant operations against the savages opened that country to set- 
 tlement. He commanded in the affair at Rock Creek, Col., and in 
 the brilliant action at Summit Springs, Col., on the 11th of July, 
 where he signally defeated the band of Dog Soldiers under the 
 celebrated Cheyenne chief Tall Bull, thus securing a lasting peace 
 to the long-distracted frontiers of Kansas, Nebraska, and Colorado. 
 His conspicuous services during these operations were esteemed of 
 so much value and importance to the country that he received the 
 congratulations of the department commander Brigadier-General 
 Augur, of Lieutenant-General Sheridan, and of General Sherman, 
 and the thanks, by joint resolutions, of the Legislatures of Ne- 
 braska and Colorado. 
 
 He was stationed at Fort McPherson, Neb., from the fall of 
 1869 to the 27th of November, 1871, when he succeeded to the 
 command of the regiment and conducted the headquarters and six 
 companies to the Department of Arizona. He arrived in January, 
 1872, at Camp McDowell, where the regiment was concentrated 
 and distributed ; had station there until February, 1873, and was 
 employed part of the time on general court-martial duty at Pres- 
 cott and San Francisco. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of 
 the Fourth Cavalry January 7, 1873, but, without joining that 
 regiment, exchanged with Lieutenant-Colonel Hatch, to date from 
 April 10, 1873. He changed station, with the headquarters of the 
 
264 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 regiment, to Camp Lowell in February, 1873, where he served in 
 charge of the construction of that post until April, 1874, when he 
 was sent to San Diego and Los Angeles as president of a board of 
 officers which was convened to purchase cavalry horses. Upon 
 the completion of this duty he availed himself of a sick-leave of 
 absence and visited Europe. He resumed the command of the 
 regiment at Fort Hays, Kan., in June, 1875, and, except a brief 
 tour of field-service in November, remained at that station until 
 June, 1876. He was then transferred, with the headquarters and 
 eight companies, to Cheyenne, Wyo., for the purpose of partici- 
 pating in the Sioux campaign of that year. He moved from 
 Cheyenne to Fort Laramie and operated in the country north and 
 east of that place, and commanded the District of the Black Hills 
 until he was relieved by Colonel Merritt. He then served with 
 the regiment as second in command until the organization of the 
 Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition at Goose Creek, Mon., on 
 the 4th of August, when he again succeeded to the command, 
 which he retained until the expedition was disbanded, on the 24th 
 of October, at Fort Robinson, Neb. He commanded the regiment 
 in the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak., on the 9th and 10th of 
 September. He was then assigned, with four companies, to Fort 
 McPherson, where he arrived on the 7th of November and had 
 station until the summer of 1879. He was detached, in July, 1877, 
 to Chicago, where he commanded a battalion of cavalry during 
 the railway riots. While East, on a brief leave of absence, he was 
 assigned to duty as a member of a Retiring Board convened in 
 New York City, where he served until the fall of 1879, when, 
 having been promoted colonel of the Sixth Cavalry, to date from 
 April 29, 1879, he proceeded to Arizona and assumed the com- 
 mand of his regiment at Camp Lowell on the 1st of October, 1879, 
 and was assigned to the command of field operations in South- 
 eastern Arizona, where he was actively employed during the year 
 1880 against the hostile Apaches of South-eastern Arizona, Western 
 New Mexico, and old Mexico. 
 
 He has since had stations at Forts Apache and Lowell, and 
 was conspicuously presented to the favorable attention of the 
 country by a gallant and successful defense against the at- 
 tempted massacre of his command by the White Mountain 
 Apaches at Cibicu Creek in August, 1881, because of the arrest 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 2GC 
 
 and subsequent killing of the medicine-man and prophet Nockay- 
 detklinne, which paralyzed the hostile White Mountain Apaches. 
 
 10. Charles E. Comptojst was born in New Jersey. He was 
 engaged in railway engineering in the State of Iowa when the 
 government called for volunteers to suppress the rebellion. He 
 enlisted for three months in the First Iowa Infantry on the 7th of 
 May, 1861, and served as a first sergeant until the 24th of May, 
 when he was appointed sergeant-major, and served in that grade 
 until he was honorably discharged on the 21st of August, 1861. 
 He served in General Lyon's campaign in South-western Missouri, 
 was engaged in the action at Dug Springs, and a few days later 
 in the battle of Wilson's Creek, where his regiment, which oc- 
 cupied a position in the Third Brigade of the first column, was 
 distinguished for its vigor, coolness, and conspicuous gallantry, 
 and where he won a special mention in the official report of the 
 lieutenant-colonel commanding the regiment for valuable aid 
 and assistance on that occasion. He carried from the field the Na- 
 tional colors which were displayed by his regiment during the 
 battle, delivered them to the adjutant-general of Iowa, and received 
 from that official, in the name of the State, a beautiful silk flag 
 as a recognition of his valuable services during the campaign. 
 
 He re-entered the army on the 19th of October, 1861, as a cap- 
 tain in the Eleventh Iowa Volunteers, and was actively employed 
 near Davenport until December, 1861, in recruiting and organizing 
 his company. He was then transferred to Benton Barracks, near 
 St. Louis, whence he moved, in the spring of 1862, to Pittsburg 
 Landing, where his regiment formed a part of the Iowa brigade in 
 General McClernand's division and participated in the battle of 
 Shiloh. He moved thence to Corinth, where he arrived in May 
 and remained until September, when he marched with his regi- 
 ment to Iuka, but arrived too late to participate in the battle at 
 that place. He returned to Corinth for the battle of the 3d of 
 October ; remained there until December, when he was sent to 
 Holly Springs, Miss., and thence to Memphis, Tenn.; and in Janu- 
 ary, 1863, was ordered to Lake Providence, La., where he was serv- 
 ing when he was appointed major of the Forty-seventh United 
 States Colored Troops, to date from May 5, 1863. He continued 
 
266 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 on duty at that station until February, 1864, when he participated 
 in General Sherman's Meridian campaign, serving as an aide-de- 
 camp for Brigadier-General Crocker, commanding a division in 
 the Seventeenth Army Corps. He then proceeded to New York 
 City and thence to Washington, where be was assigned, in May, 
 1864, to duty in the office of tbe inspector-general of the army, 
 and was thus employed until September. He also participated in 
 the defense of Washington during General Early's raid in July, 
 
 1864. He joined his regiment at Vicksburg in October, 1864, and 
 was appointed inspector of General Hawkins' division of United 
 States colored troops, and continued on that duty until April, 
 
 1865. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Fifty-third 
 United States Colored Troops, to date from December 9, 1864; 
 accompanied General Hawkins' division, in January, 1865, from 
 Vicksburg to Algiers (opposite New Orleans), and thence in Feb- 
 ruary to Pensacola by water, whence the division was marched 
 overland to participate in the operations against Mobile. He was 
 engaged with the division in the capture of Fort Blakely, and 
 received the brevet of lieutenant-colonel, to date from March 
 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services during the campaign 
 against Mobile. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Compton was strongly urged, in May, 1865, 
 for the colonelcy of the Forty-sixth United States Colored Troops, 
 and would have received the appointment but for the fact that the 
 regiment was reduced below the number of men required by law to 
 entitle it to a colonel. After the fall of Mobile he returned to 
 special duty in the office of the inspector-general of the Army, 
 where he served until September, 1865, when he was appointed in- 
 spector-general of the Department of the South, and continued in 
 the discharge of the duties of that position until he was mustered 
 out of volunteer service on the 8th of March, 1866. 
 
 Upon the increase of the regular army he was appointed major 
 of the Fortieth Infantry, to date from July 28, 1866. He accept- 
 ed the commission in September, and upon reporting at Camp Dis- 
 tribution, Va., was assigned to the command of the station and to 
 duty connected with the organization of his regiment. He em- 
 barked, in February, 1867, with six companies for North Carolina, 
 and while en route the command was shipwrecked near Fort 
 Fisher, the vessel, government stores, and all personal effects being 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 267 
 
 lost. ITe served at Forts Johnson and Macon, and at Goldsboro, 
 N. C, and was actively employed during the reconstruction period 
 and until March 15, 18G9, when, because of the reduction of the 
 army, he was transferred to the list of unassigued officers and 
 placed on duty in the Freedmen's Bureau as assistant commis- 
 sioner for North Carolina. He continued in the discharge of the 
 duty until May, when he was transferred to Nashville as superin- 
 tendent of education in the Freedmen's Bureau for Tennessee, 
 and received the thanks of General Howard for the promptness, 
 fidelity, and accuracy displayed by him in transacting and clos- 
 ing the business of the office. 
 
 He was assigned, on the 15th of December, 1870, with his origi- 
 nal rank, to the Sixth Cavalry, and joined his regiment, in Feb- 
 ruary, 1871, at Fort Richardson, Texas, where he served until 
 March, 1871, when he was ordered to Kansas and had stations at 
 Forts Hays, Harker, and Dodge until August, 1875. While en 
 route with a small escort to Camp Supply, I. T., on an inspecting 
 tour, he was attacked, on the 22d of June, 1874, by a party of 
 hostile Indians at Buffalo Creek, and, after a running combat for 
 twelve miles, defeated the enemy with the loss of only one man 
 wounded ; two days later, when returning to his station, he was 
 again attacked by hostile Indians in the Bear Creek Hills, thirty- 
 five miles south of Fort Dodge, and after a severe combat again 
 defeated them with a loss of nearly all their property and seven- 
 teen warriors killed and wounded. He participated in Colonel 
 Miles' campaign of 1874-75, during which he commanded a bat- 
 talion of the Sixth Cavalry and operated chiefly in the Indian Ter- 
 ritory and Northern Texas from July, 1874, to February, 1875, 
 and was engaged in the combat with the Kiowas, Cheyennes, and 
 Comanches on Red River, Texas, August 30, 1874, where he was 
 distinguished for leading his battalion in a gallant and successful 
 charge against the enemy. He was complimented in orders for 
 gallantry on this occasion, and was nominated to the United 
 States Senate to be a brevet colonel, to date from August 30, 1874, 
 for zealous and valuable services during the campaign. These 
 operations ended, he resumed station at Fort Dodge, where he 
 served until his regiment was ordered to Arizona. He conducted 
 the second battalion to Santa Fe, where the six companies sepa- 
 rated for their respective stations, and he proceeded to Camp 
 
268 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Lowell, where he arrived in October, 1875. He served at Camps 
 Lowell, Grant, and Apache, and commanded his regiment from 
 October 16, 1875, to March 2, 187G ; from October 9, 1876, to 
 July, 1878 ; and from May 12, 1879, to July 6, 1879. He had 
 charge of the field operations in South-eastern Arizona from April, 
 1878, to July, 1879, and the ability with which he conducted the 
 operations, and his quickness, vigilance, and discretion in cover- 
 ing important places with troops at the right time, won him a 
 conspicuous and complimentary mention in the annual report of 
 the department commander for the year 1879. 
 
 He was promoted, in July, 1879, lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from April 29, 1879, and, having relinquished his 
 command in Arizona, proceeded to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 where he arrived on the 22d of August and joined the regiment. 
 He served with the troops which were dispatched under the 
 command of Colonel Merritt to the relief of the besieged troops at 
 Milk Creek, Col., participated in raising the siege and skirmish at 
 that place on the 5th of October, and marched thence to the Ute 
 Agency on White Eiver, where he had command of the cavalry 
 until [November, when he returned to Fort D. A. Eussell. He 
 proceeded, in March, 1880, to White Eiver, and conducted the 
 cavalry to Rawlins, Wyo. He marched from Fort D. A. Eussell 
 on the 27th of April with two companies of the regiment, arrived 
 at Fort Sidney, Neb., on the 1st of May, and assumed the com- 
 mand of the post, which he retained until January 15, 1S82, and 
 was employed on general court-martial duty at Salt Lake, Fort D. 
 A. Eussell, and Fort McKinney. He then availed himself of a 
 leave of absence until May 15, 1882, when he rejoined at Fort 
 Sidney, where he is now serving. When Colonel Merritt was 
 appointed superintendent of the Military Academy Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Compton succeeded to the command of the regiment, 
 which he has held since August 4, 1882. 
 
 MAJOES. 
 
 1. William J. Hardee was born in Camden County, Ga., 
 in November, 1815. He was graduated from the Military Academy 
 on the 1st of July, 1838, and assigned to the Second Dragoons 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 2C9 
 
 (now Second Cavalry) as a second lieutenant ; was promoted, in 
 his regiment, a first lieutenant December 3, 1839, and a captain 
 September 13, 1844. He served in Florida until 1840, when be 
 was sent to Europe as a member of a military commission which 
 was specially charged with tbe duty of investigating the organiza- 
 tion of European cavalry with the view of utilizing the information 
 thus acquired in the United States service. Upon bis return and 
 assignment to duty at Fort Jesup, La., where the beadquarters 
 and five companies of his regiment were stationed, he was placed 
 in charge of tbe tactical exercises, and thus continued during the 
 years 1843-45. He succeeded so well that the precision and 
 compactness of the squadrons in the different formations were 
 equal to the movements of tbe best mounted troops of the coun- 
 tries be had recently visited. 
 
 He served with tbe Army of Occupation in Texas, and there- 
 after in tbe Mexican War. He was captured in the skirmish of 
 La Rosia, thirty miles above Matamoras, on the 25th of April, 
 1846, and held as a prisoner of war until tbe 11th of May. His 
 cool courage and excellent judgment as junior captain of the 
 squadron which was engaged in tbe skirmish enabled him to ex- 
 tricate the men who were under his immediate command from an 
 ambuscade into which they had fallen. He rescued them from an 
 impending massacre, and secured an honorable surrender as pris- 
 oners of war. He was engaged in tbe siege of Vera Cruz, tbe 
 battles of Contreras and Molino del Key, and in tbe capture of the 
 city of Mexico, and was complimented in official reports for gallant 
 conduct at Molino del Rey, and for his success in maintaining 
 order during the rapid evolutions which it was necessary for his 
 squadron to make on the field. In addition to these general 
 engagements he participated in tbe skirmish at Medelin, a few 
 miles soutb of Vera Cruz, where two tbousand Mexicans, supported 
 by artillery, were stationed. "When tbe skirmish began he was 
 disembarking his horses, and without waiting for orders hastened 
 with forty dismounted men to the scene of action, and won a 
 special mention in tbe report of Colonel Harney for effective 
 service on that occasion. He was engaged in the skirmish of La 
 Hoya, and later in the affair at San Augustine, where, while 
 watching the enemy, be defeated a large force of guerrillas with 
 considerable loss and captured a number of their horses, arms, 
 
270 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and accoutrements, and again won a complimentary mention from 
 Colonel Harney. He was made a brevet major, to date from March 
 25, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct in the affair at 
 Medelin, and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from August 20, 
 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct in the affair with the 
 enemy at San Augustine. Upon his return from Mexico he was 
 assigned to recruiting service at Carlisle until 1849, when he was 
 ordered to Texas and served at Forts Inge and Graham until 1853, 
 except a brief tour of duty in Florida, where he was employed in 
 paying troops. He was then selected by the Secretary of "War, 
 because of his professional accomplishments, to compile a system 
 of " Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics," being chiefly a translation 
 from the French by Lieutenant Benet, of the Ordnance Corps, 
 which, as subsequently modified by a board of army officers, was 
 adopted on the 29th of March, 1855, for the use of the army and 
 militia of the United States. He was superintending the publica- 
 tion of the work at Philadelphia when he was appointed senior 
 major of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 
 3, 1855. 
 
 Major Hardee served as a member of the Cavalry Equipment 
 Board which was convened at Washington in July, 1855, and 
 joined the regiment at Jefferson Barracks in September and 
 marched to Fort Belknap, Texas, where he arrived on the 27th of 
 December. He was then assigned with two squadrons to the 
 Comanche Reservation on the Clear Fork of the Brazos, where he 
 arrived on the 3d of January, 1856, and established Camp Cooper. 
 He was transferred in April to Fort Mason, where he served until 
 the latter part of June, when, having been appointed commandant 
 of the corps of cadets (with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel), 
 at the Military Academy, he proceeded to West Point and assumed 
 the duties of the office on the 22d of July, 1856, and occupied the 
 position until the 8th of September, 1860. He was promoted 
 lieutenant-colonel of the First (present Fourth) Cavalry June 28, 
 1860, and was in Georgia on a leave of absence when that State 
 passed the ordinance of secession, and, being committed to the 
 fallacy of State allegiance, he resigned his commission, to date 
 from January 31, 1861, and joined the rebellion against the United 
 States. 
 
 He declined the position of adjutant-general of the Confederate 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 271 
 
 army, preferring field-service to the care of an administrative 
 bureau. He was first assigned, as a colonel, to the command of 
 .Fort Morgan, at the entrance of Mobile Bay, and. having been 
 appointed in June, 1861, a brigadier-general of the Provisional 
 Army, was sent to Eastern Arkansas, where the lack of co-opera- 
 tion among his coadjutors prevented him from achieving any 
 success. He was then transferred with his troops to Bowling 
 Green, and thereafter served principally with the Army of the 
 West, which was also known as the Army of the Mississippi and 
 as the Army of the Tennessee. He was the trusted lieutenant 
 of General Albert Sidney Johnston in Kentucky and was a division 
 commander at the battle of Shiloh, where he commanded the first 
 line of attack and was slightly wounded. He was appointed a 
 major-general for bravery on that field, and for services at Perry- 
 ville on the 8th of October, 1862, was promoted a lieutenant- 
 general. 
 
 General Hardee began the battle of Stone Kiver on the 31st of 
 December, 1862, where he commanded the left wing of General 
 Bragg's army, and met with a temporary success ; but, failing to 
 receive sufficient reinforcements, was compelled to retire with 
 heavy loss. He was specially commended by General Bragg for 
 the skill, valor, and ability displayed by him during the battle. 
 He was stationed at Tullahoma during the winter and spring of 
 1863, where he drilled and inspected the regiments under his 
 command. He was the only lieutenant-general in the Confederate 
 army who personally inspected the arms and accoutrements of 
 each soldier in his corps. 
 
 After the fall of Vicksburg General Hardee was ordered to 
 Mississippi, where he served without any important command 
 until after the battle of Chickamauga, when he was returned to 
 the Army of the West. He commanded the right wing of the 
 Confederate army at the battle of Missionary Ridge, which was 
 fought against his advice, and here he was conspicuous for the 
 tenacity with which he held his position until he was outflanked. 
 He then withdrew his troops in excellent order and covered the 
 retreat of the main army. When the National army captured 
 Lookout Mountain he urged the immediate withdrawal of the 
 Confederate forces from Missionary Ridge, but was overruled by 
 Generals Bragg and Breckenridge, and in the disaster which 
 
272 ] MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 followed he was the most efficient general the enemy had on that 
 field. He relieved General Bragg from the command of the army 
 at Dalton, Ga., but refused to retain the command and urged 
 General Joseph E. Johnston for the position. During the cam- 
 paign which culminated at Atlanta he performed conspicuous 
 services as a corps commander, and the ability with which he 
 manoeuvred his troops near Cassville on the 19th of May, so as 
 to gain time for the formation of the main army on the ridge 
 behind the town, and his masterly retreat in echelon of divisions, 
 so won the admiration of General Thomas that he mentioned both 
 movements in highly complimentary terms. General Hardee also 
 made desperate but fruitless assaults on the National lines at 
 Jonesboro on the 31st of August. 
 
 When General Joseph E. Johnston was relieved from the com- 
 mand of the army in July, 1864, General Hardee, feeling himself 
 aggrieved, and because of differences between himself and General 
 Hood, asked to be relieved from duty with the army, and in the 
 event of a refusal tendered his resignation. He was passed over 
 in considering General Johnston's successor because he had pre- 
 viously declined the position, and not from lack of appreciation. 
 The Confederate government appealed to him not to discourage 
 the army by withdrawing from it at so critical a time. He yielded 
 to the appeal and continued to serve under his junior in rank until 
 September, when he was relieved, at his own request, because of 
 the irreconcilable differences between himself and General Hood. 
 
 General Hardee was then assigned to the command of a depart- 
 ment embracing the States of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. 
 He refused to surrender Savannah, while at the same time he was 
 preparing to evacuate the city, which he did on the 18th of Decem- 
 ber, 1864, having first destroyed all the munitions of war which 
 he could not take with him. He was at Charleston a month 
 later, telegraphing that the city must be abandoned unless large 
 reinforcements were immediately sent there. His judgment was 
 soon confirmed, and he was then sent to North Carolina to co- 
 operate with General Johnston, and was successful in the battle of 
 Averysboro on the 16th of March, 1865, and a few days later he 
 displayed great personal courage at Bentonville in leading against 
 the National breastworks the last charge made by the remnant of 
 the Army of the Tennessee. He surrendered with General John- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 273 
 
 stem's army in North Carolina on the 27th of April, 1865, and 
 returned to his adopted home in Selma, Ala., where he lived in 
 quiet retirement, accepting in good faith the results of the war 
 and industriously applying himself to civil pursuits. 
 
 General Hardee was one of the best corps commanders in the 
 Confederate army. General Johnston said that he was more capa- 
 ble of commanding twenty thousand men in battle than any other 
 Confederate general, and in his narrative of military operations he 
 refers to the "skill and vigor that Hardee never failed to exhibit in 
 battle" ; General Sherman in his " Memoirs" pronounces him " a 
 competent soldier." His service in the Confederate army embraced 
 every command from a brigade to a department. He always con- 
 ducted military operations in strict accordance with the rules of 
 civilized warfare. He gave to the cause he espoused a fruitful 
 experience and a name well known in military circles, and the 
 records of the Confederate Army of the Tennessee bear con- 
 spicuous witness to his services. His character as an officer was 
 such as to make him strong friends and earnest opponents. He 
 was an accomplished soldier, stern and exacting as a disciplinarian 
 — so much so that many considered him a martinet — but he 
 thoroughly understood his profession, and possessed the rare 
 ability of estimating military operations at their true value. He 
 was both a teacher and an organizer, inspired his men with con- 
 fidence, and was conspicuously cool, courageous, and calculating 
 on the field of battle. He won the sobriquet of " Old Reliable," 
 and was esteemed among the lieutenant-generals as second only to 
 " Stonewall " Jackson. 
 
 General Hardee was a man of less stability of character than 
 Albert S. Johnston or Robert E. Lee, but he was better fitted than 
 either to "set-up" a regiment or a large command. He was a 
 man of affairs, of talent and industry, and temperate in his habits. 
 There were old officers who considered him over-ambitious, but 
 the war of the Rebellion quite clearly proved that he did not 
 value himself more highly than he was valued by others, and 
 the fact that he declined the permanent command of the Army 
 of the Tennessee in favor of General Johnston indicates an absence 
 of selfish ambition. 
 
 Before the war of the Rebellion he occupied responsible posi- 
 tions and faithfully discharged important trusts. He is remem- 
 18 
 
274 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 bered by those who visited the Military Academy during the 
 years 1856-60 for his soldierly bearing and pleasing address, 
 which did much to relieve the natural harshness of his features 
 when in repose. He was eminently a social man and very fond of 
 society. 
 
 General Hardee died on the 6fch of November, 1873, in Wythe- 
 ville, Va. His remains were removed to Selma, Ala., where they 
 were met at the railway station by a great concourse of citizens and 
 escorted to his late residence. All business was suspended and the 
 people united in honoring the dead soldier. The funeral services 
 took place at three o'clock p.m. on the 8th of November, when an- 
 other procession escorted the body to the church. The bells of the 
 city were tolled during the day, and the funeral procession was the 
 largest ever assembled in Alabama. When his death was announced 
 many old officers, who retained a recollection of his services before 
 the war of the Rebellion separated them from him, joined in tributes 
 to his memory as an earnest friend, a genial companion, and a 
 brave soldier. 
 
 4. Earl Van Dorn was born at Port Gibson, Miss., in 
 1821. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st 
 of July, 1842, and assigned to the Seventh Infantry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant. He was appointed, in that regiment, a second 
 lieutenant November 30, 1844, and promoted a first lieutenant 
 March 3, 1847. He served at Fort Pike, La., Fort Morgan and 
 Mount Vernon, Ala., and Pensacola Harbor, Fla., until 1845. He 
 then served with the Army of Occupation in Texas, and thereafter 
 in the war with Mexico, being engaged in the defense of Fort 
 Brown ; the battles of Monterey, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, and 
 Churubusco ; the siege of Vera Cruz, the storming of Chapultepec 
 (distinguished), and in the assault upon, and capture of, the city 
 of Mexico, where he was wounded on entering the Belen Gate. He 
 served as an aide-de-camp for Brevet Major-General P. F. Smith 
 from April 3, 1847, to May 20, 1848. He was made a brevet 
 captain, to date from April 18, 1847, for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo, and a brevet major, to date 
 from August 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the 
 battles of Contreras and Churubusco. He served, after the Mexi- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 275 
 
 can War, at Baton Rouge, La., Jefferson Barracks, and as depot 
 commissary at Pilatka, Fla., during the operations against the 
 Seminole Indians from September 25, 1849, to February 6, 1850. 
 He was then assigned to recruiting service at Newport Barracks, 
 where he served until he was appointed secretary of the East 
 Pascagoula Branch Military Asylum, Miss. He was serving in 
 that position when he was appointed, in May, 1855, the senior 
 captain of the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 
 1855. He Avas then assigned to regimental recruiting service at 
 Mobile, Ala., and joined his company at Jefferson Barracks July 
 22, 1855, where he served until the 27th of October, when he 
 marched with the regiment to Texas and arrived at Camp Cooper 
 January 3, 1856, and subsequently served at Camps Colorado and 
 Radziminski and Forts Chadbourne and Mason. He accompanied 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Lee in an expedition against the Comanches in 
 June and July, 1856, and on the 1st of July surprised a party of 
 hostile Indians on the head-waters of the Brazos and Colorado 
 rivers and routed them, killing and wounding several warriors 
 and destroying their property. 
 
 He commanded the Wichita expedition from September, 1858, 
 to January, 1859, and fought the enemy at Wichita Village on the 1st 
 of October, where he won a complete and overwhelming victory and 
 received two wounds, one of which was considered very dangerous, 
 but so great was his vitality that within five weeks he was again in 
 the saddle. He also distinguished himself in command of troops in 
 a brilliant action on a tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkin- 
 son, May 13, 1859, where he won another complete victory over the 
 savages. These combats are among the most conspicuous in the 
 annals of Indian warfare on the Texas border, and were announced 
 in orders as decisive and important victories. He was complimented 
 in orders from the department headquarters, and mentioned in 
 terms of praise from the headquarters of the army. He enjoyed 
 at that time greater distinction than any other mounted officer of 
 his grade in the service. He was one of the most daring men in 
 the army. His courage was excessive and he seemed to court 
 danger for the excitement it afforded. His small, lithe figure was 
 an embodiment of activity, and he was in his best element as a 
 cavalry officer. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the regiment, to date from June 
 
276 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 28, 1860, and relinquished the command of his company at Fort 
 Mason on the 4th of September. He commanded the regiment at 
 Fort Mason from the 12th of November to the 24th of December, 
 1860, when he availed himself of a leave of absence and did not 
 again join. He was known in the army as an ardent advocate of 
 the right of secession, and he was unusually active in promoting 
 the interests of the Eebellion at a time when many officers of 
 Southern birth were distracted with conflicting opinions whether 
 secession was justifiable under any circumstances. 
 
 He tendered his resignation, to take effect January 31, 1861, 
 and entered the service of Texas as a colonel of State troops, and 
 while serving in that capacity organized a force of volunteers, and 
 on April 20, 1861, captured the steamer Star of the West (with the 
 troops on board) at Indianola, and four days later he received, at 
 the head of eight hundred men, the surrender of seven companies 
 of infantry at Saluria, and on the 9th of May the surrender of 
 six companies of infantry. These successes secured him quite a 
 reputation, and when he offered his services at Kichmond he was 
 appointed a brigadier- general in the Provisional Army, and after 
 serving for a brief period in Virginia, exercising a temporary com- 
 mand in Beauregard's army after the battle of Bull Run, he was 
 promoted (in August, 1861) a major-general and assigned to the 
 command of the Trans- Mississippi Department. He commanded 
 the Confederate troops at the battle of Pea Ridge, where he was 
 defeated and relieved from command. He then operated in con- 
 nection with General Johnston, commanded the Department of 
 Louisiana, and defended Vicksburg in June and July, 1862. When 
 General Bragg began his campaign in Kentucky in 1862 General 
 Van Dorn was charged with the conduct of operations in West 
 Tennessee, but was again relieved from command after his defeat 
 at the battle of Corinth. His punishment for this defeat was a 
 severe one and he was justly censured for the utter desperateness of 
 his undertaking and for his failure to provide proper combinations 
 in the attack. He only succeeded in creating a bloody field and 
 meeting a disastrous repulse. He performed several exploits with 
 a small command of cavalry during the following winter ; the most 
 notable was the destruction of the National supplies at Holly 
 Springs, Miss., but on the 10th of April, 1863, he was again de- 
 feated at Franklin, Tenn. He was then assigned to an unimportant 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 277 
 
 command in Tennessee, and while stationed in Maury County was 
 killed by a Dr. Peters on the 8th of May, 1863. The common 
 report is that Dr. Peters visited General Van Dorn's quarters and 
 requested a pass to go through the lines, and as he completed his 
 signature to the paper, the doctor placed a pistol at his head and 
 instantly killed him. Then, taking the pass, he walked outside, 
 mounted his horse, escaped to the National lines, and was never 
 brought to trial. 
 
 General Van Dorn's career was thus abruptly closed at the early 
 age of forty-two years. His service in the United States army 
 was brilliant and valuable, but his career in the Confederate army 
 was not well sustained. While there were brilliant dashes, in- 
 evitable results of his courage and activity (such as his success in 
 withdrawing his army after his defeat at Corinth, when Rosecrans 
 was attacking his rear and Ord was on his flank), he was not a 
 successful general. But he was a good cavalry officer, capable of 
 accomplishing valuable results under the direction of others, lack- 
 ing, however, in the essentials necessary to successfully manoeuvre 
 large bodies of troops. 
 
 5. Edmund K. Smith was born at St. Augustine, Fla. His 
 father (Joseph Lee), of Litchfield, Conn., was lieutenant-colonel, 
 in 1812, of the Twenty-fourth Infantry, and was subsequently the 
 first United States judge for the Eastern District of Florida. 
 His brother (Ephraim K.), a captain in the Fifth Infantry, was 
 mortally wounded at Molino del Key while leading the Light 
 Infantry Battalion to the assault of a battery. 
 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of 
 July, 1845, and assigned to the Fifth Infantry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant. He was appointed a second lieutenant in the Sev- 
 enth Infantry August 22, 1846, and promoted a first lieutenant 
 March 9, 1851. He served with the Army of Occupation in 
 Texas, and in the Mexican War, and was engaged in the battles of 
 Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churu- 
 busco, and Molino del Rey, the siege of Vera Cruz, the storming 
 of Chapultepec, and the assault upon, and capture of, the city 
 of Mexico ; and was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date from 
 April 18, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the bat- 
 
278 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 tie of Cerro Gordo, and a brevet captain, to date from August 
 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of 
 Contreras. 
 
 After the Mexican War he served at Jefferson Barracks until 
 October, 1849, when he was assigned to West Point as an assistant 
 professor of mathematics, where he served until November, 1852. 
 He was then ordered to Texas, and had stations at Ringgold 
 Barracks, Forts Brown and Bliss, and was commanding the escort 
 attached to the United States Boundary Commission when he was 
 appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined at Jefferson Barracks in October, 1855, and marched 
 with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at Fort Mason January 
 14, 1856, where he served until March, 1857, when he chauged 
 station to Fort Inge, and commanded the post until March, 1858. 
 He participated in the expedition towards the head-waters of the 
 Brazos and Colorado rivers in June and July, 1856. He was on 
 a leave of absence from March, 1858, to April, 1859, when he 
 rejoined his company at Camp Radziminski, and was engaged in 
 the brilliant combat on a tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort 
 Atkinson, May 13, 1859, where he was severely wounded. He 
 received a conspicuous mention in the official report for gallantry 
 in the combat, and was complimented in orders from the head- 
 quarters of the army. He served thereafter at Camps Cooper and 
 Colorado until March 20, 1861, when he availed himself of a leave 
 of absence and did not again join. He was promoted a major in the 
 regiment to date from January 31, 1861; but when Florida passed the 
 ordinance of secession he resigned his commission, to date from 
 April 6, 1861, and offered his services to the Southern Confederacy. 
 He Avas appointed a colonel and assigned to the Army of the 
 Shenandoah as an acting adjutant-general for General Joseph E. 
 Johnston. He continued on that duty until about the middle of 
 July, when he was promoted a brigadier-general and placed in 
 command of a brigade in the same army. He was conspicuous 
 at Bull Run in bringing up the fresh brigade whose timely arrival 
 in rear of McDowell's right flank, when the Confederate left wing 
 was sorely pressed, decided the battle against the National troops. 
 While in the act of extending his line for the purpose of turn- 
 ing the National right flank, and before the formation was com- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 279 
 
 pleted, he was shot from his horse and compelled to relinquish 
 the command. His wound was so severe that it was not until 
 the following November that he was able to again take the field, 
 when he was assigned to the command of the reserve of General 
 Johnston's army. He was promoted about this time a major- 
 general, and when the Department of East Tennessee was created, 
 after the fall of Fort Douelson, he was selected to command it ; 
 and about the middle of August, 1862, he led the advance of 
 Bragg's army into Kentucky, and two weeks later defeated the 
 National forces at Richmond. He then pushed towards the Ohio 
 River in the direction of Cincinnati, which he threatened, thus 
 forcing a concentration of National troops at that place and 
 clearing the way for the advance of the main army, which finally 
 arrived at Frankfort late in September, where was terminated the 
 campaign, so far as offensive movements were concerned. The 
 Confederate forces finally abandoned the State, and General Smith 
 retreated with the army through Cumberland Gap. He was pro- 
 moted a lieutenant-general in October, 1862, and participated, in 
 the battle of Stone River. In the following March he was ap- 
 pointed to the command of the Trans-Mississippi Department, 
 which included the Southern States and Territories west of the 
 Mississippi River. He assumed the command in April, with his 
 headquarters at Alexandria, La., and directed the movements of 
 the Confederate forces in the field during the Red River campaign, 
 and was present at the battle of Pleasant Hill. 
 
 He became conspicuous by refusing to surrender his army after 
 the surrender at Appomattox, hoping that the Confederate officials 
 would find a refuge in his department and be enabled to continue 
 the struggle. He addressed a circular letter to the governors of 
 Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, and Louisiana, in which he urged a 
 united policy for the purpose of maintaining the Confederate 
 cause. Public opinion began to run strongly against him. Many 
 of his men deserted ; others broke loose from discipline and plun- 
 dered the government stores and stations, and at one time it was 
 feared that his life was in danger at the hands of the soldiers. 
 The governor of Louisiana finally proposed, acting for himself and 
 the governors of the other States, to proceed to Washington and 
 surrender the department, if General Smith persisted in his refusal 
 to do so. 
 
280 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He was finally convinced that he could no longer contend 
 against the irresistible logic of events, and he surrendered his 
 army to General Canby, at Baton Kouge, on the 26th of May, 
 1865, and advised his troops, in a farewell order, to return to 
 their families and resume the occupations of peace, to yield a 
 cheerful obedience to the laws, and to strive by counsel and ex- 
 ample to give safety to life and security to property. 
 
 He was an excellent soldier, a man of personal courage, high 
 character, amiable disposition, and the soul of honor in his 
 intercourse with others. He was elected in 1875 professor of 
 mathematics in the University of the South at Sewanee, Tenn., 
 and discharged the duties of the office until he was elected 
 president of the University, which position he now occupies with 
 honor to himself and the faculty he represents. 
 
 6. James Oakes was born in Pennsylvania. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1846, and assigned 
 to the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant 
 July 29, 1847, and a first lieutenant June 30, 1851. He served in 
 the war with Mexico, and was engaged in the Chihuahua expedi- 
 tion, the siege of Vera Cruz, the skirmish at Medelin, the battles 
 of Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, Molino del Rey, and 
 the operations before, and capture of, the city of Mexico. The 
 skirmish at Medelin was ended by the Second Dragoons, under 
 Major Sumner, charging the stone bridge in column of fours. 
 The leading four consisted of Sumner, Adjutant Neill, Regimen- 
 tal Quartermaster Lowry, and Oakes. The Mexican force was 
 followed several miles on a road which was lined with fences, 
 woods, and undergrowth. Lieutenant Oakes, accompanied by 
 Sergeant Lentz and Private Keith, getting ahead of the column 
 came on the rear of the retreating enemy, when about thirty took 
 a road to the right, while the main body continued on the direct 
 road. He followed the detachment until he had sabred and dis- 
 mounted nearly all of them, when he returned to his command 
 in the town of Medelin, and was then sent back to the camp near 
 Vera Cruz for medical assistance. He served on the staff of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 281 
 
 Colonel Harney at the battle of Cerro Gordo, and was specially 
 mentioned for distinguished services and gallantry, and was com- 
 mended in the highest terms by Major Sumner for efficiency at 
 Molino del Eey. He was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date 
 from March 25, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct in the 
 affair at Medelin, and a brevet captain, to date from September 8, 
 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Molino 
 del Key. 
 
 He was acting adjutant of the Second Dragoons from April to 
 November, 1847, when he was appointed regimental quartermaster, 
 and served in that position until August 15, 1849. 
 
 After the Mexican War he was ordered to Texas, where he 
 served until June, 1853, and had stations at Austin, and at 
 Forts Graham, Lincoln, Mason, and Terrett. He was engaged 
 in two combats with the Comanches between the Nueces and 
 Rio Grande on the 11th of July and 12th of August, 1850, and 
 in the latter was twice severely wounded, and he now suffers 
 from the effects of one of the wounds. He was employed on the 
 Coast Survey from September 29, 1853, to April 4, 1854, and was 
 on cavalry recruiting service at Jefferson Barracks when he was 
 appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. 
 
 He recruited his company at Pittsburg, and joined at Jefferson 
 Barracks on the 24th of August and marched with the regiment to 
 Texas, and arrived at Fort Mason on the 14th of January, 1856, 
 and was actively employed in the field during the following spring 
 and summer. He overtook a party of Waco Indians on the 22d 
 of February near the head-waters of the Nueces, and severely, 
 punished them. He routed a party of Comanches on the 1st of 
 May near the head-waters of the Concho, and on the 30th of 
 August had three engagements with hostile Indians near the 
 junction of the Pecos and the Rio Grande, in which he killed 
 and wounded some and compelled the others to seek safety in 
 Mexico. He was commended in orders from the headquarters of 
 the army for success and gallantry in these affairs. He changed 
 station to Fort Clark in August, 1850, and commanded the post 
 until May, 1858, when he moved with his company to Fort Bel- 
 knap, where the regiment was ordered to concentrate for the march 
 to Utah ; but the order was countermanded, and he returned to Fort 
 
282 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Clark and served there until December, 1858, when the condition 
 of his wounds compelled him to accept a sick-leave of absence. 
 He rejoined his company at Fort Inge in February, 1860, where he 
 was serving when the secession movement was inaugurated. He 
 was a man of energy and determined purpose, and when he received 
 Twiggs's " Order of Exercises," which required him to surrender 
 the government property to the State commissioners and march 
 his company to Indianola and there embark for New York, he 
 dispatched couriers to Fort Duncan, Fort Clark, and Camp Wood, 
 and urged a united action for the purpose of moving northward, 
 out of the State, in defiance of the order, and requested that 
 officers might be sent to Fort Inge to discuss the proposition and 
 adopt a plan of action. Unfortunately for his plans, Captain 
 French had abandoned Fort Duncan and started for the mouth of 
 the Rio Grande before the courier arrived there. An answer was 
 returned from Fort Clark that it was impossible to move the four 
 companies of infantry as proposed, because they had no transporta- 
 tion. Lieutenant Hood was sent from Camp Wood to make the 
 necessary arrangements, but when he announced his purpose to 
 resign if Kentucky should secede Captain Oakes said that it was 
 useless for himself to undertake the movement alone, as he had 
 only seven days' rations and some of tbe posts farther north were 
 already in the possession of the State troops, having been surren- 
 dered before he received the order of exercises. He accordingly 
 started from Fort Inge on the 19th of March, 1861, and marched 
 his command to Green Lake, where he was again compelled to 
 avail himself of a sick-leave of absence. He then returned to San 
 Antonio to await the arrival of the last troops before leaving the 
 State, and while there learned that it was intended to capture 
 the infantry under the command of Colonel Reeve, in violation of 
 the agreement made with the insurgents. 
 
 Although in feeble health, he volunteered to take his old guide 
 and travel across the country until he met Colonel Reeve beyond 
 Fort Clark and turn him back, to leave the State by the way of the 
 El Paso and Santa Fe roads. But the department commander, 
 relying upon the good faith of the insurgents, and perhaps afraid 
 to trust any person because so many were deceiving him, declined 
 the offer, and the result was that the entire command was captured 
 and paroled, and, five days after making this offer, the department 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 283 
 
 commander and all his staff were in the power of the insurgents. 
 Ee whs then entrusted with dispatches, and made his way out of 
 the State by the way of Austin, Brenham, and Galveston, and 
 escaped capture. 
 
 lie received a vote of thanks, enrolled on parchment, from the 
 Secession Convention for sending an expedition against hostile 
 Indians (under Lieutenant Arnold) after the State had seceded, 
 which resulted in driving them across the Rio Grande; and it may 
 be added that for performing this service he was reprimanded by 
 the department commander. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the regiment April 6, 1861, and 
 a few weeks later was appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers, 
 to date from May 17, 1861, which he declined on account of ill- 
 health caused by wounds received in action, being unwilling to 
 draw the pay when he could not perform the duties of the grade. 
 He relinquished his sick-leave in May and proceeded to Wheeling, 
 Va., where he served on mustering duty until September, when 
 he rejoined and commanded the regiment at Washington until 
 January 14, 1862. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Fourth Cavalry, to date from November 12, 1861, and joined his 
 regiment — then serving with the Army of the Ohio — and com- 
 manded it during the Tennessee and Mississippi campaign, and 
 participated in the movement on Nashville, the march to Pittsburg 
 Landing, the battle of Shiloh, and the advance on, and siege of, 
 Corinth. He was transferred with his regiment in September, 1862, 
 to the Army of the Mississippi, and was engaged in the battle of 
 Corinth. He was then assigned to mustering and disbursing duty 
 at Jackson, Mich., where he served until April 29, 1863, when he 
 was appointed assistant provost-marshal-general for Illinois, and 
 was stationed at Springfield until September, 1866. He was, at 
 the same time, mustering and disbursing officer and superintendent 
 of the volunteer recruiting service for the State, and also com- 
 manded the District of Illinois from September, 1865, to August, 
 1866. He was made a brevet colonel and a brevet brigadier-general, 
 to date from March 30, 1865, for meritorious and faithful services 
 in the recruitment of the armies of the United States. 
 
 He was promoted colonel of the Sixth Cavalry, to date from 
 July 31, 1866, and joined his regiment at Austin, Texas, on the 
 1st of February, 1867. He served with it in Texas, the Indian 
 
284 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Territory, Kansas, and Arizona, and had stations at Austin, and 
 at Forts Kichardson, Eiley, Hays, and Lowell, and performed the 
 duties pertaining to a post and regimental commander until 
 April 29, 1879, when he was retired from active service, at his own 
 request, having served over thirty years. 
 
 7. Innis N. Palmer was born at Buffalo, N. Y. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1846, 
 and assigned to the Mounted Eifles (now Third Cavalry) as a 
 brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, a 
 second lieutenant July 20, 1847, and a first lieutenant January 
 27, 1853. He joined his regiment at Jefferson Barracks, October 
 29, 1846, and started from that station on the 11th of December 
 for service in the Mexican War, and arrived at Vera Cruz on the 
 9th of March, 1847. 
 
 He participated in the siege of Vera Cruz, the battles of Cerro 
 Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, Chapultepec (severely wounded), 
 and in the assault upon, and capture of, the city of Mexico. He 
 commanded Company B of the police in the city of Mexico 
 from December 18, 1847, to June 5, 1848 (date of leaving the 
 city), and was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date from August 
 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of 
 Contreras and Churubusco, and a brevet captain, to date from 
 September 13, 1847, for gallant conduct at Chapultepec. 
 
 He returned to Jefferson Barracks in July, 1848, and was 
 employed on regimental recruiting service until September. He 
 served as acting adjutant of his regiment from November 25, 
 1848, to March 25, 1849, when he was assigned to regimental 
 recruiting service at St. Louis, where he served until May, when 
 he rejoined his regiment at Camp Sumner, near Fort Leavenworth, 
 and marched with it to Oregon City, where he arrived about the 
 15th of October. He served as acting adjutant of his regiment 
 from October 14, 1849, to May 1, 1850, when he was appointed, 
 adjutant, and held the position until July 1, 1854. He served 
 during this period at Oregon City and Fort Vancouver; and, 
 returning East, served at Jefferson Barracks in 1851, and during 
 the years 1852-54 was employed in Indian campaigns in Texas, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 285 
 
 and had stations at Forts Merrill, Ewell, and Inge. He was on 
 recruiting service in Baltimore when appointed a captain in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, August 27, 1855, 
 and marched with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at Fort Ma- 
 son January 14, 1856, where he served until July, when he was 
 assigned to the command of Camp Verde, which he retained until 
 May, 1858, and was employed during January and February, 1858, 
 in operations against hostile Indians near the head-waters of the 
 Brazos and Colorado rivers. He returned to Fort Mason in May, 
 1858, and about one month later proceeded to Fort Belknap, where 
 the regiment was ordered to concentrate for the march to Utah ; 
 but the order was revoked, and he was assigned, on the 27th of July, 
 to duty at that post, where he served until January, 1859, when he 
 was ordered to Washington and assigned to special duty until May, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence with permission to 
 visit Europe. He returned to duty in October, 1860, and con- 
 ducted a detachment of recruits to Texas, and rejoined his 
 company at Camp Cooper, January 5, 1861. He started from 
 that station on the 21st of February, and marched his company to 
 Green Lake, where he was joined by five other companies, which 
 composed the first detachment of the regiment out of Texas. He 
 then conducted the battalion to Indianola, and there embarked on 
 the steamship Coatzacoalcos, and arrived in New York Harbor on 
 the 11th of April, 1861, and proceeded with companies D and H 
 directly to Washington, where he was employed in guarding the 
 Treasury building and served in the defenses of the city. He 
 was promoted a major in the regiment April 25, 1861, and com- 
 manded the regular cavalry in the Manassas campaign. He was 
 commended in the report of his brigade commander, and was 
 made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from July 21, 1861, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Bull Kim. 
 
 He served as a member of a board convened at Washington in 
 August, 1861, for the examination of officers who were reported to 
 be unable to perform field-service. He commanded the regiment in 
 the defenses of Washington from the 28th of August to the 26th 
 of September, 1861, and was appointed in October a brigadier- 
 general of volunteers, to date from September 23, 1861, and con- 
 tinued to serve in the defenses of Washington until March, 1862, 
 
286 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 when he participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign as a 
 brigade commander in the Fourth Corps, Army of the Potomac, 
 and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown and in the battles of 
 Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Glendale, and Malvern Hill. He was 
 then employed in organizing and forwarding to the field New 
 Jersey and Delaware volunteers, and in superintending camps of 
 drafted men at Philadelphia, until December, 1862, Avhen he was 
 transferred to North Carolina, where he served until June, 1865, 
 and commanded at different periods the First Division of the 
 Eighteenth Army Corps, the Department of North Carolina, 
 the District of Pamlico, the Eighteenth Army Corps, the defenses 
 of Newbern, the Districts of North Carolina and Beaufort, and 
 participated in March, 1865, in General Sherman's movements, 
 and was engaged in the action of Kinston. He was promoted in 
 December, 1863, lieutenant-colonel of the Second Cavalry, to 
 date from September 23, 1863, and was made a brevet colonel 
 and a brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Eebellion, 
 and a brevet major-general of volunteers, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for long and meritorious services. 
 
 He was mustered out of volunteer service on the 15th of Janu- 
 ary, 1866, and joined his regiment at Fort Ellsworth, Kan., on the 
 21st of May, and commanded it until September, when he availed 
 himself of a leave of absence until December, and rejoined the 
 regiment at Fort Laramie, Wyoming, and commanded it until 
 August, 1867, and again from November, 1867, to July, 1868. He 
 was promoted colonel of the Second Cavalry, to date from June 9, 
 
 1868. He served as a member of a board convened at Washington 
 to pass upon a system of cavalry tactics from July, 1868, to June, 
 
 1869, when he rejoined his regiment and served at Omaha Barracks 
 until September, 1872. He was then transferred, with his regi- 
 mental headcpiarters, to Fort Sanders, Wyoming, where he served 
 until the fall of 1876. He also commanded the District of the 
 East Platte during the summer of 1872 ; served as a member of 
 a Cavalry Equipment Board convened at Fort Leavenworth in 
 1874, and as a member of a Board on a Carbine Cartridge in 1875. 
 He availed himself of a sick-leave of absence from September, 
 1876, to March 20, 187U, when he was retired from active service, 
 at his own request, having served over thirty years. He has been 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 287 
 
 engaged for some time in civil pursuits at Denver, Col., but his 
 home is in Washington City. 
 
 8. Joseph II. Whittlesey was born in New York, lie was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1844, 
 and assigned to the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as a 
 brevet second lieutenant. He was appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the First Dragoons (now First Cavalry) September 18, 1845, and 
 promoted a first lieutenant October 18, 1847. He served as 
 adjutant of his regiment from September 30, 1851, until he was 
 promoted a captain, to date from October 22, 1854. He joined at 
 Fort Jesup, La. (acting adjutant of the Second Dragoons June- 
 July, 1815), and served in the military occupation of Texas and in 
 the Mexican War, and was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date 
 from February 23, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
 the battle of Buena Vista. He was transferred to New Mexico in 
 1848, where he served until 1852 ; bad stations at Santa Fe, Taos, 
 Kayado, and Fort Union, and was engaged in an Indian skirmish 
 at El Cerro del Olla on the 13tli of March, 1849. 
 
 He served at Fort Leavenworth, 1852-54, and at Fort Union 
 until 1856, when his health began to fail, and from that time until 
 1860 (except a tour of recruiting service in 1858) was on sick- 
 leave of absence. After a tour of service at Carlisle he was trans- 
 ferred to Oregon and employed in operations against hostile Indians 
 until the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He then re- 
 turned to the Eastern seaboard and was promoted a major in the 
 regiment, to date from November 12, 1861, and commanded it 
 from the 14th of January to the 21st of May, 1862. He served 
 in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1861-62 ; 
 participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign, and was en- 
 gaged in the siege of Yorktown and in the battle of Williamsburg. 
 He was captured at Winchester, Va., on the 25th of May, 1862, 
 while on a sick-leave of absence, and held as a prisoner of war 
 until September 30, 1862. He was then assigned to the duty of 
 organizing and inspecting volunteer cavalry at Iiarrisburg, Pa., 
 until February, 1863, when he was transferred to Concord, N. H., 
 and employed on similar duty until February, 1865. 
 
288 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Major Whittlesey was retired from active service on the 30th of 
 November, 1863, for disability resulting from long and faithful 
 service and from disease and. exposure in the line of duty. He 
 commanded Camp Randall, near Madison, Wis., from the 1st of 
 March to the 3d of July, 1865 ; was employed on recruiting ser- 
 vice from April, 1866, to February, 18.67, and thereafter on a tour 
 of inspection and conference until June, 1868, among the higher 
 educational institutions of the United States, for the purpose of 
 devising a system of military instruction for introduction into the 
 colleges and universities of the country with a view to future 
 national defense. He was professor of military science at the 
 Cornell University of New York from June, 1868, to July, 1870. 
 
 He resided at Winchester, Va. , until the 3d of December, 1876, 
 when he was appointed treasurer of the Soldiers' Home, D. C, and 
 continued in the discharge of the duties of that office until July 
 15, 1881, when he returned to his home in Winchester, Va. 
 
 10. David H. Hastings was born in Ireland. He enlisted in 
 the Second Infantry on the 19th of July, 1837, and served as a 
 private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant in Company B until 
 the 17th of November, 1845. He re-enlisted in Company K, 
 Third Artillery, on the 1st of December, 1845, and served as a 
 private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant until the 25th of 
 April, 1847, when he was transferred as a first sergeant to the 
 company of United States Sappers and Miners, and served in that 
 grade until the 28th of June, 1848. He served in the Mexican 
 War; was wounded at Contreras, and was severely wounded in the 
 assault upon, and capture of, the city of Mexico. 
 
 He was appointed, June 28, 1848, a brevet second lieutenant 
 in the First Dragoons (now First Cavalry), and was promoted, in 
 his regiment, a second lieutenant December 27, 1848 ; a first lieu- 
 tenant October 22, 1854, and a captain January 9, 1860. lie ac- 
 companied his regiment to New Mexico, where he was. actively 
 employed in Indian campaigns until the beginning of the war of 
 the Rebellion, and was severely injured by the falling of his horse 
 while in pursuit of Indians near Fort Buchanan on the 7th of 
 October, 1857. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 289 
 
 He was superintendent of the Mounted Recruiting Service, and 
 commanded the Cavalry School at Carlisle from September, 1861, 
 to April, 1864. He was promoted a major in the regiment, to 
 date from September 23, 1863, and was retired from active service 
 December 7, 1863, for disability resulting from wounds and in- 
 juries received in the line of his duty. 
 
 He remained at Carlisle only a short time after his retirement, 
 and then moved to Bath, N". Y., where he lived for some years. 
 He then made his home in Baltimore, Md., where he died of 
 apoplexy on the 22d of September, 1882. He belonged to the old 
 school of soldiers, and was a good and faithful officer. 
 
 11. David S. Stanley was born in Ohio. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1852, and assigned 
 to the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant 
 September 6, 1853. He reported for duty, on the expiration of the 
 graduating leave, at Carlisle Barracks, where he served until May, 
 1853, when he was transferred to the Pacific Railway reconnais- 
 sance, and finally joined his comj^any at Fort McKavett, Texas, 
 August 27, 1854, and served at that station and Fort Chadbourne 
 until the spring of 1855, when he was appointed a second lieu- 
 tenant in the First (now Fourth) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 
 1855. He was promoted, in his regiment, a first lieutenant March 
 27, 1855, and a captain March 16, 1861. He served with his 
 regiment in Kansas and the Indian Territory until the beginning 
 of the war of the Rebellion, having stations at Forts Leaven- 
 worth, Riley, Arbuckle, Cobb, Smith, and Washita; participated 
 in the Cheyenne expedition of 1857, the march to the Arkansas 
 River in 1858, the campaign against the Comanche Indians in 1859, 
 and was distinguished in an engagement in the Wichita Moun- 
 tains, near Fort Arbuckle, on the 27th of February, 1859. 
 
 He marched, under the command of Major Emory, from Fort 
 Washita to Fort Leavenworth in May, 1861 ; entered upon active 
 service in General Lyon's campaign in South-western Missouri, 
 and was engaged in the skirmish and capture of Forsyth, the 
 action at Dug Springs, the battle of Wilson's Creek, the retreat 
 19 
 
290 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to Eolla, the skirmish near Salem, and the march from St. Louis 
 to Syracuse and Springfield. He was appointed a brigadier- 
 general of volunteers, to date from September 28, 1861, and, after 
 serving as a member of a military commission at St. Louis, was 
 assigned, in the spring of 1862, to the command of the Second 
 Division of the Army of the Mississippi, and participated in the 
 capture of New Madrid, the attack upon Island No. 10, which 
 surrendered on the 7th of April, 1862, the expedition to Fort 
 Pillow; the advance upon, and siege of, Corinth, including the 
 action at Farmington and several skirmishes, and the pursuit of 
 the enemy to Boonville. 
 
 General Stanley commanded a division during the operations 
 in Northern Mississippi and Alabama from June to November, 
 1862, and was engaged in the battles of Iuka and Corinth. He 
 was appointed, November 24, 1862, chief of cavalry of the Army 
 of the Cumberland, and continued to serve in that capacity until 
 September, 1863 ; he accomplished for the cavalry of that army 
 what General Buford did for the cavalry of the Army of the Poto- 
 mac, and the results achieved under his leadership established his 
 reputation as a successful cavalry general. During this eventful 
 period his field services were continuous and conspicuous. He was 
 engaged in the skirmishes at Franklin and Nolansville, and in the 
 battle of Stone Eiver, where he displayed great skill and ability in 
 commanding the National cavalry and holding the enemy's cavalry 
 in check and defeating them in every encounter, and won, in 
 addition to the brevet of lieutenant-colonel, to date from December 
 31, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services, the special commen- 
 dation of General Eosecrans, who mentioned him as an officer 
 already greatly distinguished by his successes at Island No. 10, at 
 Iuka and Corinth, and recommended him for a major-general not 
 only because merited but also for the good of the service. He was 
 also engaged in the actions at Bradyville, Snow Hill, Franklin, 
 and Middleton, the advance on Tullahoma, the action at Shelby - 
 ville, the skirmish on Elk Eiver, the expedition to Huntsville, and 
 the passage of the Tennessee Eiver and North Georgia Mountains. 
 
 He was appointed a major-general of volunteers, to date from 
 November 29, 1862, and was promoted a major in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from December 1, 1863, but never joined, as he was in 
 the volunteer service during the years that he belonged to the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 291 
 
 regiment. He succeeded, in November, 1863, to the command of 
 the First Division of the Fourth Army Corps in the Army of the 
 Cumberland, and served at Bridgeport, Ala., and Blue Springs, 
 Tenn., until May, 18G4, and thereafter and until July, 1864, partici- 
 pated in the movement into Georgia. He was assigned, on the 
 30th of July, 1864, to the command of the Fourth Army Corps, 
 which he retained until the end of the war. 
 
 He was engaged in the operations around Dal ton ; the battle 
 of Resaca; the pursuit of the enemy, with constant skirmishing, 
 to Cassville; the battle of Dallas; the movement against Pine 
 Mountain, with almost daily severe engagements during parts 
 of May and June, 1864 ; the battles of Kenesaw Mountain, 
 the assault at Ruff's Station, the passage of the Chattahoochee 
 River, the combat of Peach-Tree Creek, the siege of Atlanta, the 
 assault upon the enemy's works at Jonesboro (wounded), the action 
 at Lovejoy's Station, the surrender and occupation of Atlanta, the 
 pursuit of the enemy to Gaylesville, Ala., and the raid upon the 
 railroad north of Atlanta. He was thereafter actively employed in 
 the movement of concentration towards Nashville to oppose the 
 advance of the enemy under General Hood, and was engaged upon 
 several occasions during the latter part of November, 1864, and was 
 conspicuous for judgment and gallantry in the action of Spring 
 Hill (commanding) and in the battle of Franklin (wounded). His 
 timely arrival on the battle-field of Franklin averted disaster 
 and contributed largely to the brilliant success of the National 
 cause. 
 
 He was made a brevet colonel, to date from May 15, 1864, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Resaca ; a 
 brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Ruff's Station ; 
 and a brevet major-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Franklin. He was 
 stationed at Nashville from January to July, 1865, when he was 
 transferred to the command of Central Texas, where he served 
 until December. He then availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until February 1, 1866, when he was mustered out of volunteer 
 service. He was on waiting orders until October, when he was 
 promoted colonel of the Twenty-second Infantry, to- date from 
 July 28, 1866. 
 
292 MILITARY RECORDS OP OFFICERS. 
 
 He assumed the command of Fort Leavenworth in November, 
 and served there until April, 1867, when he was transferred 
 to Fort Sully, and served at that station until July, 1874, 
 and commanded expeditions to the Yellowstone country in 
 connection with the surveys of the Northern Pacific Railroad 
 during the summer and fall of 1872-73, and in expressing freely 
 his views concerning the territory to be opened for settlement 
 came prominently before the country, and attracted wide and 
 favorable attention. 
 
 He served at Fort Wayne, Mich., from July, 1874, to Septem- 
 ber, 1876, when he was appointed superintendent of the General 
 Recruiting Service, with headquarters at New York City. While 
 thus employed he also served as a member of the commission 
 which was appointed to select a reservation for the Sioux Indians 
 under Red Cloud and Spotted Tail. 
 
 On the expiration of the tour of recruiting service he rejoined 
 his regiment at Fort Porter, N. Y., and changed station to Texas, 
 where he served as a post, district, and regimental commander 
 until December 6, 1880, when he was temporarily assigned, by 
 order of the President, to the command of the Department of 
 Texas, which he exercised at San Antonio until January 3, 1881, 
 when he returned to the command of the District of the Nueces, 
 and had station at Fort Clark until November, 1882, when he 
 was transferred with his regiment to New Mexico and assigned to 
 the command of the District, with his headquarters at Santa Fe. 
 
 12. William B. Royall was born in Virginia and removed 
 with his family at an early age to Missouri. He served in the 
 Mexican War as first lieutenant of Company D, Second Missouri 
 Mounted Volunteers, from July 31, 1846, to August 14, 1847. He 
 reported at Fort Leavenworth in the summer of 1846 and marched 
 with his regiment to Santa Fe, and while serving in New Mexico 
 during the year 1847 was engaged in the battle of Canada, 
 the skirmish of Embudo, and the assault upon and capture of 
 the Puebla de Taos. He was assigned with Captain Burgwin, of 
 the First Dragoons, to the duty of charging the fortifications of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 293 
 
 the Puebla de Taos, where lie was distinguished for conspicuous 
 gallantry.* 
 
 On the expiration of the term of service of his regiment it was 
 consolidated into five companies and reorganized as the Santa Fe 
 Battalion. He was then commissioned by the President, under 
 Section 21 of the Act of Congress approved March 3, 1847, a first 
 lieutenant and adjutant of the battalion, to date from August 14, 
 1847, and ordered to Missouri on recruiting service. After secur- 
 ing the required number of men he reported at Fort Leavenworth, 
 and in May, 1848, started with his detachment for Santa Fe, having 
 in charge Paymaster Bryant (who had eighty thousand dollars 
 with him), a supply-train of fifty wagons, and five hundred head 
 of beef-cattle. When encamped near the junction of Coon Creek 
 and the Arkansas River, between Forts Dodge and Larned, he was 
 attacked at daybreak on the 18th of June, 1848, by three hundred 
 Comanche warriors. He had scarcely time to corral the cattle 
 and secure the horses when the Indians charged through his camp 
 and made repeated efforts to stampede the stock. In these charges 
 nine warriors were killed and many were wounded. The Indians 
 then fled across the river in a southerly direction, when he mounted 
 
 * The battle of Canada, the skirmish of Embudo, and the assault and capture of the Puebla 
 de Taos were results of a movement inaugurated by Colonel Sterling Price to punish the mur- 
 derers of Governor Charles Bent and other civil officers of the Territory at the latter place. 
 He left Santa Fe January 23, 1847, with a battalion of the Second Missouri Mounted Volunteers 
 and a detachment of Santa Fe" infantry (numbering about five hundred men) and a section of 
 artillery (from Fisher's St. Louis Battery). The march was taken up for Taos, and on the 
 afternoon of the following day the enemy were discovered two thousand strong and well posted 
 near Canada. An engagement followed, and a vigorous charge compelled the enemy to retreat 
 towards Taos with little loss on either side. Colonel Price was joined, January 27, by Captain 
 Burgwin's company of the First Dragoons and a company of the Second Missouri Mounted 
 Volunteers. The march towards Taos was continued, and on January 29 the enemy again 
 appeared near the pass of Embudo, having a very favorable position. Our forces again charged, 
 and the enemy retreated with a loss of twenty killed and many wounded. The march was con- 
 tinued over snow four feet deep on a level. The artillery was pulled over the Taos Mountains 
 by hand, the infantry marching in front to break a road. The column arrived in front of Taos 
 February 3, a place of considerable strength, surrounded by walls and strong pickets. The 
 town was well adapted for a defense ; every point was flanked by projecting buildings and the 
 walls were pierced for rifles. The assault was commenced on February 4 by a rapid and 
 effective fire from the artillery, which was followed by a dismounted charge led by Burgwin. 
 He effected a lodgment inside a corral in front of the church, and while endeavoring to force the 
 church door he was mortally wounded, and died three days afterwards. Royal 1 accompanied 
 Burgwin to the end, but the charge was unsuccessful and the troops were forced to retire. The 
 following afternoon the artillery succeeded in making a breach in the church wall, and imme- 
 diately thereafter a storming party entered and captured the town. Our loss was fifty-two 
 killed and wounded. The enemy's loss was one hundred and fifty killed and wounded. This 
 was a well-fought battle, but, occurring during the greater and more exciting ones of the 
 Mexican War, it did not attract the attention which it deserved. J 
 
294 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 thirty-four picked men and pursued them four miles in the sand- 
 hills, killing fourteen and having four men severely wounded. 
 He was outnumbered three to one and was encumbered with the 
 supply-train and cattle, but he succeeded in placing on record as 
 creditable a combat with hostile Indians as can be found in the 
 annals of frontier service. When he arrived at Santa Fe* the 
 war was ended and the troops were preparing to return home. 
 He was then assigned with the recruits on escort duty to General 
 Sterling Price, and marched with the command to Independence, 
 Mo., where he was mustered out of service on the 20th of Octo- 
 ber, 1848, and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 In consideration of his gallant services in the combat on Coon 
 Creek he was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and was the senior 
 first lieutenant of the appointments in that grade in the four new 
 regiments created by the act of Congress of March 3, 1855, of 
 those who had previously served as lieutenants of volunteers 
 during the war with Mexico. He received his appointment at 
 Columbia, Mo., and proceeded to Pittsburg, Pa., where he served 
 on recruiting service until July, when he joined the regiment at 
 Jefferson Barracks and was assigned to the command of a detach- 
 ment of Company C, which he retained until the 24th of August, 
 when the headquarters of his company joined and he returned to 
 company duty until the 20th of September, when he was detached 
 to recruiting service at Columbia, Mo. He rejoined his company 
 at Jefferson Barracks in October, and marched with the regiment 
 to Texas, and arrived at Fort Mason January 14, 1856, where he 
 had station until June, and participated in an expedition to the 
 head-waters of the Concho, and was engaged in a combat with 
 hostile Comanches on the 1st of May, and won a special mention 
 in the official report for gallant conduct. He was then assigned 
 to recruiting service at Philadelphia, where he served until No- 
 vember, 1858. He then conducted a detachment of recruits from 
 Carlisle to Texas, and rejoined the regiment at Camp Kadziminski, 
 December 31, 1858, and assumed the command of Company C, 
 which he retained until the 10th of February, 1860. 
 
 He was engaged in the brilliant combat with hostile Comanches 
 on a tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, May 13, 
 1859, and was highly commended for conspicuous gallantry and 
 
MILITARY REC0RD8 OF OFFICERS. 295 
 
 energy, and won a special mention for particular services in holding 
 the enemy in check until the main command arrived on the scene 
 of action, and in very adroitly capturing their horses, for which, 
 in the language of the report, " great credit is due him." He was 
 also complimented in orders by General Scott. He changed station 
 to Camp Cooper in June, 1859, participated in the Cimarron 
 expedition, October-November, 1859, and changed station in 
 December to Camp Lawson, where he served until May, 1860. 
 He was then transferred to Fort Inge, where he had station (on 
 leave of absence, June, 1860-February, 1861) until March 19, 
 1861, when he marched to Indianola (commanding company) and 
 embarked on the steamship Emjrire City just in time to escape 
 capture, and arrived at Carlisle on the 27th of April, 1861. He was 
 promoted a captain March 21, 1861, and participated in General 
 Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in the action of 
 Falling Waters and the skirmishes near Martinsburg and Bunker 
 Hill; served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, and participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign, and 
 was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, 
 and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance 
 towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House and the 
 reconnaissance towards Ashland, and was made a brevet major, to 
 date from May 27, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Hanover Court-House. He was commanding two scpiad- 
 rons of the regiment on the extreme right of the Army of the 
 Potomac in the vicinity of the Pamunkey River when he fought the 
 action of Old Church, June 13, 1862, and received six sabre-wounds 
 while engaged in hand-to-hand conflicts with the enemy. He made 
 a stubborn fight, but was overwhelmed by superior numbers, and, 
 although surrounded and grievously wounded, he cut through the 
 enemy and joiued the main army. He received two sabre-contu- 
 sions on the right side of the head ; a cut two inches long on the 
 forehead ; a long cut on the left cheek which bled profusely ; a cut 
 on the right wrist, dividing a tendon ; and an incised fracture, 
 four inches long, of the left parietal bone. These wounds, attesting 
 the severity of the conflict, disabled him from field-service for 
 some years. He was made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date 
 from June 13, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at Old 
 Church, and was offered, in September, 1862, the colonelcy of 
 
296 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the Twenty-seventh NeAv Jersey Volunteers, which he was com- 
 pelled to decline because of his wounds, which incapacitated him 
 for field-service, and his sense of justice forbade him to accept 
 the pay of a grade when he was unable to discharge the duties 
 belonging to it. This was a keen disappointment, because it was 
 understood that an appointment of brigadier-general of volunteers 
 would soon follow if he accepted. When he was able to travel, 
 although still suffering from his wounds, he reported at Washing- 
 ton in October, 1862, for the purpose of joining the regiment, 
 but it was decided to send him to Louisville as a mustering and 
 disbursing officer, where he served until March, 1864. He was 
 then transferred to the Cavalry Bureau at Washington, where he 
 served until May, when he was appointed superintendent of the 
 Mounted Recruiting Service at Carlisle and commandant of the 
 drafted camp of that district. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the regiment, December 7, 1863, 
 and was made a brevet colonel, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 arduous and faithful services in the recruitment of the armies 
 of the United States. He was relieved from duty at Carlisle in 
 April, 1866, and ordered to Nashville, Tenn., where he commanded 
 four companies of the regiment until November, when he was 
 relieved by the lieutenant-colonel and performed garrison duty 
 until April, 1867. He was then ordered to North Carolina and 
 instructed to inspect the cavalry serving in the Second Military 
 District. When this duty was completed, he was appointed chief 
 of the Bureau of Civil Affairs, and served in that position from 
 May to August, 1867, and prepared the registration-books and 
 designated all the registrars of elections in the Carolinas. He 
 was relieved at his own request, and assigned to the post of Mor- 
 ganton, where his duties were of a delicate and important nature, 
 involving the execution of the reconstruction acts of Congress 
 in fifteen counties of western North Carolina. He discharged 
 them with great judgment and marked fidelity to the government, 
 and continued in command of the station until August, 1868, 
 when he was transferred to Raleigh, and was ordered thence 
 in September, with a detachment of the regiment, to frontier 
 service. He took the field at Fort Harker, Kan., on the 1st of 
 October with four companies, and commanded in the affair on 
 Prairie Dog Creek, Kan. He relinquished the command to a 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 297 
 
 senior major on the 23d, and was assigned to Fort Riley, where he 
 had station until April, 1869, when he marched a detachment of 
 recruits to Fort McPherson, Neb. He served with the Republi- 
 can River expedition of 1869, which resulted in opening the beau- 
 tiful valleys of that river and its tributaries for settlement, and 
 commanded the expedition from July 30 to August 24, and was 
 engaged (commanding) in the affairs on the Republican River, 
 near Spring Creek, Neb. ; in the sand-hills near Frenchman's 
 Fork, Col. ; in the sand-hills south of Julesbnrg, Col., and 
 in the Niobrara pursuit, and (second in command) in the 
 brilliant action at Summit Springs, Col. He served at Fort 
 McPherson from the 24th of August to the 15th of October, 
 1869, when he availed himself of a leave of absence, and joined 
 a detachment of the regiment at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 December 22, 1869, where he had station until March, 1872, 
 and performed garrison duty and commanded the detachment of 
 seven companies at different periods. He then proceeded to Ari- 
 zona, and arrived at Camp Grant on the 6th of June, and com- 
 manded the station until the 9th of July, when he was assigned 
 to court-martial duty at Fort Whipple, where he served until 
 the following October. He was then on leave of absence and 
 detached service at San Francisco until March, 1873, when he 
 rejoined at Camp Lowell, commanded the regiment a few days, 
 and proceeded to Camp Grant, where he arrived on the 28th of 
 March, and commanded the station until the 20th of April, when 
 he was ordered to San Diego and Los Angeles as a member of a 
 board to purchase cavalry horses. He continued on that duty 
 until July, when he was assigned to duty at the headquarters of 
 the Department of California as an inspecting officer until July, 
 1874. He rejoined at Camp Lowell, and assumed command of the 
 regiment on the 18th of July, and served at the station until the 
 1st of May, 1875, when he marched with the headquarters and 
 six companies, by the way of the Rio Grande, to Fort Lyon, Col., 
 where the command was distributed, and on the 28th of June he 
 relinquished the command of the regiment at Fort Hays, Kan., 
 and availed himself of a leave of absence. He assumed the com- 
 mand of Fort Dodge, Kan., on the 23d of November, and a few 
 days later (December 2, 1875) he was promoted lieutenant-colonel 
 of the Third Cavalry, which terminated a service of nearly twenty- 
 
298 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 one years in the Fifth Cavalry. He was transferred to the Depart- 
 ment of the Platte, and assigned to the command of Fort Sidney, 
 Neb., which he relinquished in January, 1876, and proceeded to 
 Philadelphia, where he served as a member of a board convened by 
 the War Department for the purpose of considering questions of 
 general interest to the service, relating to supplies and the best 
 methods of issue. 
 
 While he was thus employed General Crook applied for him to 
 command the cavalry during the Sioux campaign of 1876. He 
 returned to the department, and was employed in purchasing 
 horses during April and May, and joined the expedition on the 
 18th of May and commanded his regiment in the field. On the 
 organization of the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition at 
 Goose Creek on the 4th of August, a battalion of the Second 
 Cavalry was added to his command, which gave him fifteen 
 companies. He was distinguished for conspicuous gallantry in the 
 action on Rose-Bud Creek, Mom, and participated in the skirmish 
 at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 When the expedition was disbanded at Fort Robinson, Neb., 
 on the 24th of October, he was appointed acting assistant inspector- 
 general of the Department of the Platte, and continued in the 
 discharge of the duties of that office until September, 1882, when 
 he proceeded to Fort Whipple, Arizona, and assumed the command 
 of the Third Cavalry, which he retained until he was promoted 
 colonel of the Fourth Cavalry to date from November 1, 1882. 
 
 13. Nelson B. Sweitzer was born in Pennsylvania. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1853, 
 and assigned to the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as 
 a brevet second lieutenant, and was appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the First Dragoons (now First Cavalry) July 25, 1854. He 
 declined a transfer as second lieutenant to the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and was promoted, in his 
 regiment, a first lieutenant September 4, 1855, and a captain May 
 7, 1861. He declined a captain's commission in the Sixteenth 
 Infantry, May 14, 1861. 
 
 After a brief service at Carlisle he was ordered to Fort Union, 
 N. M., and, when promoted to the First Dragoons, proceeded 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 299 
 
 thence to Fort Lane, Oregon, where he joined his regiment in 
 September, 1854, and served us commissary and quartermaster at 
 that station, and participated in the Rogue River expedition of 
 1856, and was engaged in several skirmishes with hostile Indians. 
 He was assigned, in December, 1856, to Fort Walla Walla and 
 assumed the command of his company, which he retained until 
 January, 1858, when he availed himself of a leave of absence, and, 
 upon his return to the East, was assigned to recruiting service 
 at New Orleans. He rejoined his company at Fort Walla Walla in 
 October and commanded it until May, 1860, and was employed 
 during this period in the usual duties of frontier service ; the most 
 notable was the command of the escort which accompanied the 
 wagon-road expedition from Fort Dalles to Salt Lake City during 
 the summer and fall of 1859. He was on recruiting service from 
 May, 1860, until the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He 
 served as an aide-de-camp to General McClellan from July, 1861, to 
 the 28th of September, 1861, when he was appointed an additional 
 aide-de-camp, and continued to serve on the staff of General Mc- 
 Clellan until March 31, 1863. He participated in nearly all the 
 movements and engagements of the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, 
 and Maryland campaigns, and was made a brevet major, to date 
 from July 1, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 Peninsula campaign. 
 
 He was employed at Washington, D. C, in reorganizing the 
 dismounted cavalry of the Army of the Potomac from May to 
 August, 1863, when he joined his regiment and commanded it 
 until July, 1864, and participated in the operations in Central 
 Virginia and in the Richmond and Shenandoah campaigns of 
 
 1864, and was engaged in the battle of Todd's Tavern, the capture 
 of Spottsylvania Court-House, the engagements at Yellow Tavern, 
 Meadow Bridge, Mechanicsville, and Hawes' Shop ; the battles of 
 Cold Harbor and Trevillian Station ; the affairs at Newtown, 
 Cedarville, Kearnyville, and Smithfield ; the crossing of the Ope- 
 quan, and the battle of Winchester. 
 
 He was appointed colonel of the Sixteenth New York Cavalry, 
 to date from November 12, 1864, and was employed until April, 
 
 1865, on picket-duty in front of the defenses of Washington and in 
 patrolling Loudon County, Va., and in April and May, 1865, he 
 was guarding the Northern Neck, Va. for the purpose of arresting 
 
300 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the conspirators who were engaged in the assassination of President 
 Lincoln. Booth was killed and Harrold and Mudd were captured 
 by detachments of his regiment. 
 
 He was appointed colonel of the Third New York Provisional 
 Cavalry, to date from June 23, 1865, and commanded the District 
 of the Northern Neck, Va., until October, 1865, when he was 
 mustered out of volunteer service, to date from September 21, 1865. 
 
 He was made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from Sep- 
 tember 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Winchester ; a brevet colonel, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 distinguished services at the battles of Yellow Tavern and Meadow 
 Bridge ; a brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from 
 March 13, 1865, for meritorious and distinguished services ; and a 
 brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the war. 
 
 He was then employed on recruiting service at Carlisle and 
 Cincinnati until he was promoted a major in the regiment, to 
 date from July 28, 1866. He joined at Washington, D. C, on the 
 2d of November, and commanded Sedgwick Barracks and a detach- 
 ment of the regiment until the 28th of February, 1867. He was 
 then assigned to recruiting service at Carlisle until the 24th of 
 April, when he was transferred, by a War Department order, to the 
 Second Cavalry, to date from July 28, 1866. He lef b the regiment 
 on the 30th of April, 1867, and joined the Second Cavalry at 
 Fort Laramie, Wyo., on the 23d of June, and was appointed 
 in April, 1868, acting assistant inspector- general of the Depart- 
 ment of the Platte, and discharged the duties of that office until 
 March, 1871, when he rejoined his regiment at Fort Omaha and 
 served in garrison and field operations until November, 1872. He 
 commanded Fort Ellis, Mon., from March, 1873, to September, 
 1875. He was then appointed a member of a board on army 
 ambulances, convened at Washington City, and was employed on 
 that duty until February, 1877. He then rejoined at Fort Sanders, 
 Wyo., and commanded the station until July, 1877, when he 
 was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Eighth Cavalry, to date 
 from June 25, 1877. He joined his regiment at Fort Brown on 
 the 25th of July, 1877, and has since served in the Department of 
 Texas, commanding Forts Brown and Ringgold, and during a 
 greater part of this period he has also commanded his regiment. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 301 
 
 14. Eugene W. Chittenden (a son of John J. Crittenden) 
 was born in Kentucky. He was appointed a second lieutenant in 
 the First (present Fourth) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, 
 and was promoted, in his regiment, a first lieutenant May 4, 1859, 
 and a captain May 7, 1861. He served, until the beginning of 
 the war of the Eebellion, in Kansas and the Indian Territory, 
 and had stations at Forts Leavenworth, Atkinson, and Arbuckle, 
 and participated in the Sioux expedition of 1855; in quelling the 
 Kansas border disturbances of 1857 ; in the campaign against the 
 Cheyennes on the Smoky Hill and in the Utah expedition of 
 1858 ; in the expedition to the Antelope Hills and in campaigns 
 against the Kiowas and Comanches in the Indian Territory and 
 Texas during 1859-60. He served in General Lyon's campaign in 
 South-western Missouri in August, 1861, and was engaged in the 
 action at Dug Springs, the battle of Wilson's Creek, and the action 
 at Blackwater. He served with the Army of the Ohio until Sep- 
 tember, 1862, when he was transferred to the Army of the Missis- 
 sippi, and was engaged in the capture of New Madrid, the action 
 at Farmington, the advance upon, and siege of, Corinth, and in the 
 battles of Perryville and Stone Eiver, and other engagements. 
 He was appointed colonel of the Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry, to 
 date from March 20, 1863, and participated in the pursuit of the 
 Confederate General Morgan through Indiana and Ohio, and 
 served in the Atlanta campaign of 1864. He was mustered out of 
 volunteer service on the 23d of August, 1865, and served with his 
 company until he was promoted a major in the Sixth Cavalry, to 
 date from July 28, 1866. He was transferred on the 24th of April, 
 1867, by a War Department order, to the Fifth Cavalry, to date from 
 July 28, 1866, and was assigned to duty at Montgomery, Ala., in 
 June, 1867, and commanded the station until March, 1868, when 
 he availed himself of a leave of absence. He rejoined his station in 
 October, and two weeks later was ordered to frontier service with a 
 detachment of the regiment, which he joined at Fort Lyon, Col., 
 in November, 1868, and served in the field and with the Republican 
 River expedition of 1869, and was engaged in several skirmishes 
 with hostile Indians and in the brilliant action at Summit Sj)rings, 
 Col. He then served at Fort McPherson, Neb., and Fort D. A. 
 Russell, Wyo., until August, 1871, when he was sent to Fort 
 Laramie, Wyo., in command of a squadron of the regiment which 
 
302 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 was selected as an escort to the Indian Peace Commissioners. 
 He returned to Fort D. A. Russell in September, and served there 
 until the 12th of December, when he conducted six companies of the 
 regiment to Fort Yuma, and was ordered thence to Camp Grant, 
 where he arrived on the 8th of February, and commanded the station 
 until the 8th of June, when he was ordered to Camp Hualpai, 
 where he arrived on the 1st of July, and commanded the station 
 until the 10th of November. He then served on court-martial 
 duty at San Francisco until October, 1873, when he conducted 
 a detachment of recruits to Camp Lowell, where he arrived in 
 November, and then proceeded to Camp Bowie, and commanded 
 the station, except a tour of court-martial duty at Camp Grant 
 and a brief leave of absence, until April, 1874, when he proceeded 
 to Camp Lowell, where he arrived on the 20th, and commanded 
 the regiment and station until the 18th of July, 1874. He then 
 returned to, and resumed the command of, Camp Bowie on the 
 28th of July, 1874. 
 
 On the morning of the 1st of August, 1874, he complained of 
 feeling unwell, but he attended to his office duties as usual, and 
 then retired to his quarters. When the dinner was announced he 
 was seemingly asleep. The surgeon entered the room to awake 
 him, and found him dead. He had called for a glass of lemonade 
 about half an hour before, and seemed to be in good health. He 
 died of apoplexy. His remains were interred with military honors 
 in the National cemetery at Camp Bowie. 
 
 15. George A. Gordon was born in Virginia in 1833. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 
 1854, and assigned to the Third Artillery as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and was appointed a second lieutenant in the Second 
 Artillery, to date from February 20, 1855. He served at San 
 Diego, Cal., until he was transferred, at his own request, to the 
 Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry), to date from March 3, 
 
 1855. He was promoted, in his regiment, a first lieutenant, to 
 date from June 4, 1858, and a captain, to date from May 30, 1861. 
 He served in Kansas during the border disturbances of 185G-57 ; 
 participated in the expedition to Utah, and had station at Fort 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 303 
 
 Crittenden, being employed in operations against hostile Indians 
 and in protecting the overland emigration from September, 1857, 
 to August, 1861. He was then transferred to Washington and 
 served during the war of the Rebellion, being continuously in 
 the field and in various positions of trust until the surrender 
 of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox in 
 April, 1865. He was engaged in many of the important battles 
 of the Army of the Potomac, and frequently received distinguished 
 mention for gallant and meritorious conduct. He served with the 
 cavalry fortes in the defenses of Washington during the winter 
 of 1861-62 ; participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign, 
 and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williams- 
 burg, and in the movement towards Richmond, including several 
 skirmishes with the enemy. He was engaged in a dashing and 
 successful reconnaissance near New Bridge, on the Chickahominy, 
 May 24, 1862, where he commanded a squadron, and for gallant 
 conduct on that occasion received a special mention in the report 
 of General McClellan, and was made a brevet major. He com- 
 manded his regiment during the Maryland campaign, being 
 engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam. He 
 was then assigned to duty in Washington until January, 1863 ; he 
 participated in the Rappahannock campaign, commanding his 
 regiment during February and March, 1863. He took part in 
 General Stoneman's raid of April and May, 1863, and in the 
 Pennsylvania campaign ; was engaged in the battle of Gettys- 
 burg, and commanded his regiment in the engagements at Wil- 
 liamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, Falling Waters, and Manassas 
 Gap during July, 1863. He again commanded his regiment 
 from October, 1863, to February, 1864, and thereafter his com- 
 pany until May, 1864 ; was chiefly engaged on picket-duty on 
 the Rapidan River, but participated in the cavalry engagement 
 near Culpepper Court-House. He served as an aide-de-camp for 
 Generals Merritt and Torbert in the Richmond campaign, partici- 
 pated in General Sheridan's first raid on Richmond and in the 
 second raid to Trevillian Station, and was made a brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, to date from June 11, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Trevillian Station. He served at different 
 periods during 1863-64 as chief ordnance officer and commissary 
 of musters of the cavalry corps, April-June, 1863 ; as commissary 
 
304 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 of musters for the First Division cavalry corps, May-August, 
 1864 ; as commissary of musters for the cavalry corps in the 
 Shenandoah campaign and as special inspector of cavalry in the 
 Department of West Virginia until December, 1864, when he was 
 assigned as assistant commissary of musters of the First Cavalry 
 Division, Army of the Shenandoah, and served in that capacity 
 until May, 1865. He was then transferred to the trans-Mississippi 
 campaign as inspector-general of the cavalry in Texas, and also 
 served on the staff of General Merritt as acting assistant adjutant- 
 general and acting inspector-general until November, J.865, when 
 he rejoined his regiment in Kansas ; had stations at Forts Riley 
 and Dodge, commanding his company and performing garrison 
 and field duty, until August, 1866, when he was assigned to 
 recruiting service in New York City, and served there until De- 
 cember, 1867. He was promoted a major in the Fourth Cavalry, 
 to date from November 1, 1867 ; served with his regiment in 
 Texas, and had stations at Forts McKavett, Concho, and Griffin. 
 Upon the reduction of the army in 1870 he was placed on the 
 list of unassigned officers, and honorably mustered out of ser- 
 vice on the 1st of January, 1871. He engaged in civil pursuits 
 until February 10, 1873, when he was reappointed, with his origi- 
 nal rank, to tbe Fifth Cavalry, and was assigned in June, 1873, 
 while en route to join the regiment in Arizona, to duty at Benicia 
 Barracks, Cal., and later was transferred to the command of Fort 
 Halleck, Nev., which he retained from September 2, 1873, to Feb- 
 ruary 2, 1874. He then proceeded to Camp Lowell and reported 
 at the headquarters of the regiment on the 9th of March, and seven 
 days later arrived at, and assumed command of, Camp Grant. 
 He was ordered in September to Fort Whipple on general court- 
 martial duty, where he served until the 19th of October, when he 
 availed himself of a leave of absence and visited Europe. He re- 
 turned to the United States in June, 1875, and was appointed a 
 member of aboard of officers which was convened at Washington to 
 examine candidates for second lieutenants in the army, and contin- 
 ued on the duty until October, when he proceeded to Camp Supply, 
 Indian Territory, where he arrived in November ; he commanded 
 the station until July, 1876, when he was ordered to the Department 
 of the Platte, and upon arrival at Fort Laramie was assigned with two 
 companies of the regiment to a summer camp at Fort Robinson, Neb. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 305 
 
 He performed an important service on the 23d of October by sur- 
 prising a large band of Sioux at Cbadron Creek, Neb., capturing 
 the warriors and their families, together with their arms and 
 ponies, without bloodshed on either side. He served with the 
 Powder River expedition during November, 1876, and was engaged 
 in the brilliant action at Bates Creek on the 25th, where the troops 
 won a signal victory. Failing health compelled him to relinquish 
 his command and go to Chicago, where he w r as assigned to duty 
 at the headcpiarters of the Military Division of the Missouri, and 
 so continued until March 27, 1877. He was then assigned to 
 Fort Sidney, Neb., where he arrived in April, and commanded 
 the station until September, 1878, with tours of detached service 
 as a member of a general court-martial at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 in June, 1877, and at Omaha, Neb., during the railroad riots in 
 July, 1877. The condition of his health again compelled him to 
 seek a change of climate, and it was hoped that the change would 
 ultimately restore him. But this was not to be, and, unexpectedly 
 to his family and friends, he died, of rupture of an aneurism of 
 the aorta, at the Ebbitt House in Washington on the 26th of 
 October, 1878. He was a genial man, Avhose fund of amusing anec- 
 dotes seemed to be inexhaustible: and a generous, steadfast friend, 
 who was always true and faithful in his social and official relations. 
 
 1G. John J. Upham was born in Delaware. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1859, and assigned 
 to the Ninth Infantry as a brevet second lieutenant, but, without 
 joining that regiment, was appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 Sixth Infantry December 2, 1859, and was promoted, in his regi- 
 ment, a first lieutenant May 4, 1861, and a captain September 9, 
 1861. 
 
 On the expiration of his graduating leave he was assigned to 
 Governor's Island, where he had station until after his transfer to 
 the Sixth Infantry. He then proceeded to California and served 
 at Fort Crook and Bcnicia Barracks during the years 1S60-G1, and 
 was the adjutant of the regiment from July to September, 1861. He 
 served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1S61-62 ; 
 participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign, and was en- 
 gaged in the siege of Yorktown and the battle of Malvern Hill, 
 
306 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and served in the defenses of Washington during the summer of 
 1862, 
 
 He participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and was engaged 
 in the battle of Gettysburg and in the pursuit of the enemy to 
 Warrenton, and was made a brevet major, to date from July 2, 
 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Gettys- 
 burg. 
 
 He was stationed in Xew York Harbor from August, 1863, to 
 January, 1864, when he was assigned to duty as a mustering and 
 disbursing officer, and served in that capacity until April, 1865, 
 and had stations at Elmira, Philadelphia, and Detroit. He then 
 served in Georgia and South Carolina until June, 1866, when he 
 availed himself of a leave of absence and visited Europe. He 
 returned to the United States in April, 1867, and served in the 
 Carolinas until March, 1869, and had stations at Charleston, 
 Wilmington, and Florence. 
 
 He was then ordered to the frontier, and served at Fori. 
 Gibson, Indian Territory, Fort Smith, Ark., and Crawfordsville 
 and Girard, Kan., until January 1, 1871, when he was trans- 
 ferred to the Sixth Cavalry and continued to serve in Kansas, 
 Texas, and the Indian Territory, where he had considerable field- 
 service, until August 13, 1874, when he relinquished the command 
 of his company at Kingfisher's Creek, Indian Territory, having 
 been promoted a major in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from August 
 1, 1874. He served at Fort Leavenworth, from January to April, 
 1874, as a member of a board of officers convened to report upon 
 changes, if any, to be made in horse-equipments, and continued on 
 duty in the Department of the Missouri until the regiment arrived 
 at Fort Lyon, Col., and the companies were assigned to stations, 
 and on the 7th of September, 1875, he assumed command of Fort 
 Gibson, Indian Territory, where he served until June 6, 1876, when 
 he was ordered to field-service in the Department of the Platte. 
 He joined the headquarters of the regiment on the 10th of June 
 and served in the District of the Black Hills and with the Big 
 Horn and Yellowstone expedition until the following October, and 
 was engaged in the combat at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., 
 the skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak., and commanded the rear-guard 
 (a battalion of the regiment) in the second skirmish at Slim Buttes 
 on the morning of the 10th of September. He was assigned, at the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 307 
 
 end of the campaign, to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he served 
 until the 24th of November, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until the 24th of January, 1877. He was then assigned 
 to special duty in the Indian Department for the purpose of 
 investigating the management of the Union Agency in the Indian 
 Territory, and was thus employed until the 26th of June, when 
 he resumed his leave of absence and again visited Europe. He 
 returned to the United States in June, 1878. and commanded Fort 
 Washakie, in North-western Wyoming, from August, 1878, to 
 April, 1880, when he was transferred to Fort Niobrara, a new 
 four-company post in Northern Nebraska. He joined his troops 
 at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., and conducted them by rail to Grand 
 Island, and marched thence by the way of Fort Hartsuff to 
 the site of the new post, where he exercised the command 
 until June, 1881, when he availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until December. He was then assigned to the school of applica- 
 tion at Fort Leavenworth, where he is now serving as Executive 
 officer. 
 
 17. Verling K. Hart was born in Indiana, and was appointed, 
 from that State, a captain in the Nineteenth Infantry October 30, 
 1861. He was assigned, in February, 1862, to the first battalion 
 of that regiment ; commanded his company until Jnly, when he 
 was assigned to recruiting service, having stations at Richmond, 
 Ind., and Quincy, 111., until February, 1863. He then rejoined his 
 company at Murfreesboro, Tenn. ; participated in the Chattanooga 
 campaign ; served at Elk River Bridge, Camp Scribner, and 
 Stevenson, Ala. ; was engaged in the action at Hoover's Gap 
 and the battle of Chickamauga, where he was captured and held 
 as a prisoner of war until December, 1864, when he made his 
 escape to the National lines and was granted a leave of absence 
 until February, 1865. He was then employed on recruiting service 
 at Detroit and Newport Barracks until he was transferred to the 
 Thirty-seventh Infantry, to date from September 21, 1866. He 
 was made a brevet major, to date from September 20, 1863, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Chickamauga, and 
 
308 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from March 13, 18G5, for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the war of the Eebellion. 
 
 He was transferred to the Third Infantry, by consolidation, to 
 date from August 11, 1869, and was afterwards transferred to the 
 Seventh Cavalry, to date from January 1, 1871. He served from 
 1866 to 1871 in the Indian Territory, Kansas, Colorado, and New 
 Mexico, having stations at Forts Gibson, Arbuckle, Harker, Win- 
 gate, Garland, and Larned. 
 
 He joined the Seventh Cavalry at Fort Harker, Kan., in Janu- 
 ary, 1871, and after a leave of absence rejoined at Chester, S. C. ; 
 served with his company in North Carolina, having stations at 
 Rutherfordton, Lincolnton, and Charlotte until March 15, 1873, 
 when he was ordered to the Department of Dakota. He arrived 
 at Yaukton on the 11th of April, 1873, whence he marched with a 
 battalion of his regiment to Fort Eice, where he arrived on the 
 10th of June. He marched from that station, ten days later, with 
 the Yellowstone expedition, and upon arrival at the river his com- 
 pany was detached with other troops for the purpose of establishing 
 and guarding a supply-camp at what was known as " the stockade." 
 He continued to serve with the main column until the 10th of 
 September, when he rejoined his company and marched to Fort 
 Abraham Lincoln, and thence to Fort Eice for winter quarters. 
 He served with the expedition of 1874 to the Black Hills of Dakota, 
 which started from Fort Abraham Lincoln on the 2d of July and 
 returned on the 30th of August, when he again marched to Fort 
 Eice for winter quarters. 
 
 He availed himself of a sick-leave of absence in July, 1875, and 
 while thus absent was promoted a major in the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from December 2, 1875. He was on special duty in con- 
 nection with the Centennial Exposition of 1876 until the 19th of 
 December, when he was ordered to join the regiment in the De- 
 partment of the Platte. He arrived at Fort McPherson, Neb., 
 January 14, 1877, where he served until June, when he was ordered 
 to Northern Wyoming for field-service with a battalion of the regi- 
 ment, and continued on that duty until December, when he was 
 assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, where he had station until the next 
 May ; he was employed in January, 1878, with a detachment of 
 the regiment in the capture of a band of disaffected Bannack 
 Indians at the Eoss Fork Agency in Idaho. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 309 
 
 He accompanied a battalion of the regiment in May, 1878, to 
 Northern Wyoming, and served with it until October, when lie 
 was assigned to Fort McKinney, where he arrived in November, 
 and commanded the station until August, 1879. He was then or- 
 dered to Cheyenne on general court-martial service, and thereafter 
 availed himself of a leave of absence until November, when he 
 joined a detachment of the regiment at Rawlins and accompanied it 
 to Fort D. A. Russell, where he served until April 29, 1880, when 
 he was transferred to Fort Laramie, where he arrived on the 2d 
 of May, and had station until June, 1882, when he was assigned 
 to the command of Fort Washakie, Wyo. He availed himself, in 
 September, of a leave of absence for three months, and is now 
 assigned, upon the expiration of his leave of absence, to the 
 command of Fort McKinney, Wyo. 
 
 18. Edwix V. Sumner (a son of Brigadier-General Edwin V. 
 Sumner) was born at Carlisle, Pa. He was engaged in civil 
 pursuits when the government called for volunteers to suppress 
 the Rebellion, and at once offered his services as first sergeant 
 of Company B in a battalion known as the " Clay Guards," 
 which was organized in April, 1861, at Washington, D. C, for 
 duty at the White House, the United States treasury, and other 
 public buildings. 
 
 He was appointed, from at large, a second lieutenant in the First 
 Dragoons (now First Cavalry), August 5, 1SG1, and was promoted, in 
 his regiment, a first lieutenant November 12, 1861, and a captain 
 September 23, 1863. He declined the appointment of major in 
 the Second California Cavalry September 10, 1861. 
 
 He served in the defenses of Washington during the winter 
 of 18G1-62, and in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular campaigns 
 as an aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General George Stoneman, Chief of 
 Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in the 
 skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of 
 Williamsburg, and served with the advance-guard of the Army of 
 the Potomac during the movement towards Richmond, and was 
 engaged in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy — notably at 
 Slatersville, White House, New Bridge, and Mechanicsville — and 
 in the seven days' battles during the change of base to the James 
 
310 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Eiver. Ho participated in the closing operations of the Maryland 
 campaign, and served with General Stoneman as an aide-de-camp 
 of the Third Army Corps, at Poolsville, Md., and was engaged 
 in the hattle of Fredericksburg, and accompanied the general, April 
 and May, 1863, in his celebrated raid towards Eichmond. He 
 was appointed an additional aide-de-camp of volunteers, with the 
 rank of major, to date from May 19, 1863, and continued to serve 
 with the Third Army Corps until September, when he was honor- 
 ably discharged from that grade, to date from August 15, 1863. 
 He then joined his regiment, and served during the winter of 
 1863-64 on the line of the Eapidan and until after the battles in 
 the Wilderness, and was engaged at Culpepper Court-House, Mine 
 Eun, and in several affairs on the Eappahannock and the Eapidan, 
 and in General Grant's first campaign in the Wilderness, including 
 the battle of Todd's Tavern, where he was twice wounded and 
 compelled to retire from the field. He returned to duty in July, 
 1864, and served for a time in the Cavalry Bureau, and afterwards 
 as a special inspector of cavalry in the Army of the Shenandoah. 
 He was appointed colonel of the First New York Mounted Eifles, 
 to date from September 8, 1864, and served with the Army of the 
 James until the end of the war, and was engaged in several actions 
 on the lines in front of Eichmond. His regiment was selected in 
 March, 1865, by General Grant to cut the railroad communication 
 between the left of the National army at Petersburg and General 
 Johnston's army in North Carolina. He crossed the Chowan Eiver 
 and cut the railroad at Weldon, and had an engagement with the 
 enemy near Jackson. The battles about Petersburg and Five Forks 
 were then taking place, and his brilliant movement did not become 
 so conspicuous as it deserved to be ; but his success would have 
 proved of the utmost importance if the National forces had been 
 unsuccessful in these battles, as the movement was planned and 
 carried into execution to guard against such a possible result. 
 
 He was assigned, after the surrender of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia, to the command of a district in Virginia, which he 
 exercised until he was mustered out of volunteer service, to date 
 from November 29, 1865. He was made a brevet major, to date 
 from May 6, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Todd's Tavern ; a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 311 
 
 the war of the Rebellion; and a brevet brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers, to date from March 13, L865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services in the field, lie received, on several occasions, compli- 
 mentary mention in the reports of General Stoneman, and was 
 recommended by General Ord, commanding the Army of the 
 James, for a brigadier-general of volunteers. 
 
 He joined bis company on the Pacific coast in April, 18G6, 
 where he served (except two years of recruiting service at Carlisle 
 and New York) nearly fourteen years. He had stations at Drum 
 Barracks, Camp Independence, Presidio of San Francisco, and Fort 
 Lapwai ; participated in the Modoc, Nez Perces, and Bannack wars 
 and in the campaign in South-east Nevada. He served during 
 the Modoc campaign of 1872-73 as an acting assistant adjutant- 
 general and aide-de-camp for Brevet Major-General Jefferson C. 
 Davis, and thereafter for one year as an acting assistant inspector- 
 general on the staff of Brigadier-General Oliver 0. Howard. He 
 operated, during the Nez Perces campaign of 1877, near Mt. 
 Idaho, with Major John Green's command, and was engaged 
 during the Bannack campaign of 1878 in the combat at Blue 
 Mountain, Idaho. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from 
 March 4, 1879, and joined the regiment at Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., On the 17th of July, serving at the station until the 1st 
 of October, when he marched to the relief of the besieged troops 
 on Milk Creek, Col., and participated in raising the siege and 
 action at that place on the 5th of October. He then marched to 
 White River, Col., where he was assigned to the command of a 
 battalion of the regiment, and encamped there until the 27th of 
 December, when he availed himself of a leave of absence ; he re- 
 joined at Fort D. A. Russell in March, 1880, and in May was 
 assigned to the command of Fort Robinson. Neb., which he re- 
 tained until December, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence, and soon thereafter was assigned to general court-martial 
 service in New York City, which continued until June, 1881, 
 when he rejoined his station, where he is now serving as post 
 commander. 
 
312 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ASSISTANT SURGEON. 
 
 1. George L. Porter was born in Concord, N. H. He was 
 graduated from the New London (N. H.) Academy in June, 
 1855 ; from the Brown University, Providence, R. I., in Septem- 
 ber, 1859 ; from the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., 
 in March, 1862, and passed the examination of the Army Medical 
 Examining Board April 29, 1862. 
 
 He was assigned to duty as a " proof candidate" at the general 
 hospital at Strasburg, Va., and reported to Major- General Banks 
 May 10, 1862. When the National army retreated down the 
 Shenandoah Valley on the 25th of May he volunteered to remain 
 with the sick and wounded, and was captured by Colonel Ashby, 
 of tJie'Virginia Cavalry, but General " Stonewall " Jackson at once 
 reinstated him in charge of the hospital and also requested him to 
 care for the Confederate wounded. This was one of the earliest 
 instances, if not the first, in the war of the Rebellion of the recog- 
 nition of the right of medical officers to claim the protection of 
 the rales of war governing non-belligerents. For his conduct at 
 this time he received honorable mention in the official reports of 
 the Division and Department Commanders and a commendatory 
 letter from the Surgeon-General of the Army. When the Con- 
 federates were driven up the Valley he was placed in charge of the 
 wounded of both armies, and was kindly treated by the people of 
 Strasburg, who generously furnished the hospital with necessary 
 provisions, until the town was retaken by General Fremont. 
 
 After the battle of Cross-Keys, Va., he established a general 
 hospital for the Germans of Blenker's division. On the 12th of 
 June he was transferred to- the general hospital at Winchester, Va., 
 and on the 1st of July he was assigned to Best's Battery (F, 
 Fourth Artillery), and served with it during the summer of 1862. 
 He was present at the battle of Cedar Mountain, the combats 
 along the Rappahannock, the second battle of Bull Run, and the 
 battle of South Mountain. 
 
 He was appointed, from Pennsylvania, July 17, 1862, an assist- 
 ant surgeon, U. S. Army, with the rank of a first lieutenant. 
 
 He served in the general hospital at Braddock Barracks, 
 Frederick, Md., from the 17th of September to the 18th of No- 
 vember, 1862, when he was ordered to join the Army of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 313 
 
 Potomac at Falmouth, Va. lie was then assigned to the Fifth 
 Cavalry, and served with the regiment until May 10, 18G4 ; was 
 present at the battles of Fredericksburg (was in the town with the 
 wounded during the night), Beverly Ford, Gettysburg, Brandy 
 Station, and Todd's Tavern ; the engagements at Fleming's Cross- 
 Roads and Manassas Gap; the actions at Kelly's Ford, .Middle- 
 town, Upperville, Williamsport, Boonsboro (wounded in the left 
 arm by a fragment of a shell), Funkstown, Falling Waters, and 
 Beaver Dam ; the skirmishes at Warren ton, Ashby's Gap, Front 
 Royal, Culpepper Court-House, and Morton's Ford. 
 
 He was relieved, by a War Department order, on the 29th of 
 April, 18G4, from duty with the regiment, and ordered to report 
 at Washington ; but the Army of the Potomac severed its con- 
 nection with the railway before the order was received, and for a 
 time the army had no communication with the Capital, and he 
 therefore served by necessity, as well as by inclination, with the 
 regiment in the Wilderness campaign. He was fearless in the dis- 
 charge of his duty on the field of battle, and was frequently exposed 
 to personal peril. He was always with the regiment when it was 
 engaged with the enemy, and had many applications from his 
 orderlies to be returned to their companies, as the service there 
 was seemingly less dangerous than to remain with him. He often 
 performed important surgical operations on the field and under a 
 heavy fire. He enjoyed the good-will and cordial esteem of the 
 Regular Cavalry Brigade. 
 
 In referring to his services with the regiment, Captain Mason 
 addressed the board of officers on staff brevets as follows : 
 " During this time the regiment was engaged in many battles, 
 losing heavily in killed and wounded. Assistant Surgeon Porter's 
 faithfulness to the sick and wounded is gratefully remembered by the 
 officers and men; and his conspicuous gallantry during the battles 
 of Upperville, Aldie, Gettysburg, Williamsport, Funkstown, and 
 Brandy Station, where he took the dead and wounded almost from 
 the hands of the enemy, entitles him to the greatest praise and 
 consideration. He was under my command during all the above- 
 mentioned battles, and for his gallant conduct and faithful and 
 intelligent services he is justly entitled to a brevet captaincy and a 
 brevet majority." 
 
 After the battles in the Wilderness he remained with the 
 
314 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 wounded at Fredericksburg for a few days, and was then sent, in 
 charge of the first train of wounded, to Belle Plain, whence he 
 proceeded with dispatches to Washington. He served as post sur- 
 geon at Washington Arsenal from May, 1864, to May, 1867. He 
 was the only commissioned officer present at the burial of the body 
 of Booth; and during the imprisonment, in the old penitentiary 
 building, of the conspirators against President Lincoln and the 
 members of his cabinet, he had medical charge, was present at the 
 hanging of four of them, and accompanied the remaining con- 
 spirators to Tortugas. 
 
 He was made a brevet captain and a brevet major, to date from 
 March 13, 1865, for faithful, gallant, and meritorious services in 
 the field during the war of the Eebellion. He was ordered, in 
 May, 1867, to report at St. Paul, Minn., and was assigned to 
 duty at Camp Cook, Mon., where, after many vicissitudes by 
 field and flood, he reported on the 27th of August. He served, 
 during the spring of 1868, with an expedition to the mouth of 
 the Musselshell River, and during. April and May, in addition to 
 his medical duties, volunteered for, and served regular tours 
 as, " officer of the day " to relieve the line officers, who were 
 greatly overworked by the constant presence of hostile Indians. 
 He tendered his resignation, to take effect on the 16th of July, 
 1868 ; but as no medical officer had then reported, he continued on 
 duty until the arrival of his successor. He then crossed the con- 
 tinent, traveling alone, over Lewis and Clarke's trails, and returned 
 to the Eastern States by the Isthmus route. He is now located 
 as a practising surgeon and physician at Bridgeport, Conn., and 
 has recently presented to the medical profession a rare variety of 
 urinary calculi, a xanthic oxide, taken from a patient under his 
 care ; as it is the only one of this chemical composition ever 
 recognized in America, he deposited half of the specimen in the 
 Army Medical Museum. 
 
 He has served as president of the Medical Society, the Library, 
 and the Board of Health of Bridgeport, Conn. ; as an inspector 
 of the Insane Retreat at Hartford, Conn. ; as a director in the 
 National Rubber Company, and is now a member of the American 
 National Medical Association. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 31; 
 
 CHAPLAIN. 
 
 1. J. II. Mitchell was assigned to the Fifth Cavalry, as a 
 chaplain, on the 31st of January, 1863, and served with the regi- 
 ment in the Army of the Potomac until the 14th of March, when 
 he was granted an indefinite leave of absence. He tendered his 
 resignation because of physical disability, and was honorably dis- 
 charged from the service of the United States by a War Depart- 
 ment order dated October 27, 1863. 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 5. George Stoxeman was born in Chautauqua County, New 
 York. He was graduated from the Military Academy on t lie 1st 
 of July, 1846, and assigned to the First Dragoons (now First 
 Cavalry) as a brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that 
 regiment, a second lieutenant July 12, 1847, and a first lieutenant 
 July 25, 1854. He served in the Mexican War as quartermaster of 
 the battalion of Iowa (Mormon) Volunteers from October, 1840, to 
 February, 1847, and marched with the battalion from Fort Leaven- 
 worth to San Diego, Cal., and served on the Pacific coast until 
 1855, and had stations at the Presidio of San Francisco, Sonoma, 
 Benicia, and Fort Orford. He was engaged in Indian combats at 
 Clear Lake and Russian River, Cal., during the year 1850, partici- 
 pated in the operations against the Coquille Indians in 1851, served 
 with the Gila expedition of 1851-52, and was engaged in several 
 combats with the enemy. He commanded, from November, L852, 
 to June, 1854, the escorts to Williamson's topographical party in 
 the Sierra Nevada -and Parke's railroad surveys through Arizona 
 and Texas. He was adjutant of the First Dragoons from October 
 22, 1854, to March 3, 1855, and was serving as an aide-de-camp to 
 Brevet Major-General Wool, commanding the Department of the 
 Pacific, when he was appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. He joined his company at 
 Jefferson Barracks on the 26th of August, and served at that sta- 
 tion until October, when he marched with the regiment to Texas, 
 and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 1856, where he had station 
 until December 10, 1857. He then availed himself of a leave of 
 
316 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 absence and visited Europe. He returned to Texas in the spring 
 of 1859, and resumed the command of his company on the 7th of 
 April, and entered upon a tour of field-service towards the Upper 
 Pecos Eiver and Guadalupe Mountains. He was assigned, in 
 December, 1859, to field-service against the Cortinas outlaws, who 
 were committing depredations on the Rio Grande, and participated 
 in the engagements at "The Ebonal," near Brownsville, on the 14th 
 of December, and at Eio Grande City, near Ringgold Barracks, on 
 the 27th of December. In the last-named engagement his com- 
 pany drove a large force of the enemy across the river. He w : as 
 then assigned with a scp^adron (E and G) to the duty of guarding 
 about one hundred miles of the Rio Grande, and continued on field- 
 service, and had temporary camps and stations at different places 
 on the river, until March 20, 1861. He made arrangements, in 
 March, 18G0, to surprise the town of La Mesa, three miles beyond 
 the border, and capture Cortinas, and on the night of the 15th he 
 moved, on his own responsibility, with a squadron of the regiment 
 (E and G) and seventy-five State troops, and, having crossed the 
 Rio Grande, he marched to the assault of the town at daybreak on 
 the 16th. After capturing the place and about three hundred sol- 
 diers he was informed that he had received the surrender of a garri- 
 son of Mexican regulars. The prisoners were at once released with 
 many apologies for the mistake. He was soon confronted by a 
 large force of Mexican troops and ordered to leave the country, 
 but refused to do so until he had made another effort to capture 
 Cortinas, and he succeeded in searching the country for twenty 
 miles in the interior before he received orders to return to the 
 American side of the Rio Grande, which he did on the 20th, after 
 an absence of five days in the Mexican territory. The affair created 
 a great excitement on the border, but nothing serious came of it. 
 
 He was serving with his command on the Rio Grande when the 
 Texas insurgents passed their ordinance of secession. He made 
 efforts, in connection with other officers, to unite the troops and 
 march northward through the Indian Territory, making Fort 
 Leavenworth or Jefferson Barracks the objective point ; but it was 
 found impossible to do anything, as the transportation had been 
 removed from the Northern posts and the subsistence stores on hand 
 were only sufficient to supply the troops for the march to Indianola. 
 He refused, however, to surrender the government property in his 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 317 
 
 charge, and, taking all that he could with him, started on the 
 steamboal Mustang for the mouth of the Rio Grande, where he 
 arrived on the evening of the 20th of March, 1861; the next 
 morning he embarked his command on the steamship Arizona 
 and sailed for Indianola, where lie arrived two days later. He 
 embarked with the first detachment of the regiment on the 31st 
 of March on the steamship Goatzacoalcos ; sailed for New York 
 Harbor, and moved thence to Carlisle, where the troops arrived 
 on the 13th of April. A few days thereafter he proceeded to 
 Washington, and served in the defenses of the city during May 
 and June, 1861, being in command of the cavalry advance, con- 
 sisting of three companies of the regiment (B, E, and I), across 
 Long Bridge for the capture of Alexandria, Va., which was ac- 
 complished on the 23d of May, 1861. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the First (present Fourth) Cavalry, 
 to date from May 9, 1861, and served on the staff of Major-General 
 McClellan at Washington and in Western Virginia as an acting 
 assistant inspector-general from the 20th of June to the 13th of 
 August, 1861, when he was appointed a brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers and chief of cavalry of the Army of the Potomac. He served 
 as chief of cavalry until the fall of 1862, and proved at that early 
 day what General Sherman said of him years afterwards— that he 
 " was a cavalry soldier of high repute." The difficult duties in- 
 trusted to him were efficiently performed. He overcame, so far as 
 it was possible, continuous and vexatious obstacles arising from 
 the great deficiency of cavalry arms and equipments and the in- 
 efficiency of many of the regimental officers wdio were first ap- 
 pointed, and when the army was ordered to move, on the 10th 
 of March, 1863, he had succeeded in organizing a valuable cav- 
 alry force which was capable of achieving excellent results, if a 
 wise judgment had controlled the use of it. 
 
 General Stoneman made a reconnaissance on the 14th of Maroh, 
 1862, with a large force of cavalry and some infantry along the 
 Orange and Alexandria Railway, about fourteen miles beyond .Ma- 
 nassas and towards Warrenton, to determine the position of the 
 enemy, and. if possible, to force his rear across the Rappahannock ; 
 but the roads were in such a bad condition and the streams BO 
 flooded that, having obtained the desired information, he halted 
 upon reaching Cedar Run, where he had a skirmish with the enemy, 
 
318 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 after which his command bivouacked on a hillside near by vmtil 
 the next morning, when lie offered battle, which was declined, 
 whereupon he returned without serious molestation to Union Mills. 
 General Stoneman participated in the Virginia Peninsular cam- 
 paign of 1862, was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, and upon 
 the evacuation of that place his command of cavalry and horse 
 artillery, in pursuing and overtaking the retreating enemy, brought 
 on the battle of Williamsburg. He commanded the advance-guard 
 in the movement towards Richmond after the battle of Williams- 
 burg, and until the 28th of May, when he was placed under the 
 orders of General Porter. During these eventful days he demon- 
 strated the value of the cavalry in the skirmishes at Slatersville, 
 White House, New Bridge, and Mechanics ville. He made a bal- 
 loon reconnaissance at Gaines's Mill on the 21st of May, in com- 
 pany with Professor Lowe, and, having gained an altitude of five 
 hundred feet, obtained a complete view of Richmond, and, with 
 the aid of a field-glass, discovered large bodies of troops to the left 
 of the city and on the line of the road leading to Bottom's Bridge. 
 During the subsequent operations his communication with the 
 main army was cut off and he retired to the White House, and 
 thence to Yorktown when the White House was evacuated. He 
 commanded, after the second battle of Bull Run, the First Division 
 of the Third Army Corps, and afterwards succeeded to the command 
 of the corps. He participated in the closing operations of the 
 Maryland campaign, and in October, 18G2, had his headquarters 
 at Poolesville, and occupied with his division the fords on the river 
 below the mouth of the Monocacy, with the cavalry well out on the 
 approaches from the direction of Frederick, so as to give him time 
 to mass his troops at any ford where the enemy might attempt to 
 cross the Potomac in his vicinity. His arrangements were excellent, 
 but, because of the inertness of other commanders, the enemy's 
 cavalry succeeded in escaping into Virginia without serious loss. 
 He was appointed a major-general of volunteers, to date from 
 November 29, 1862. He commanded the Third Corps at Fred- 
 ericksburg, December 13, 1862, where he won the brevet of 
 colonel for gallant and meritorious services. He was assigned, 
 in January, 1863, to the command of the Cavalry Corps of the 
 Army of the Potomac as reorganized by Major-General Hooker, 
 and in April and May made his celebrated cavalry raid towards 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 319 
 
 Richmond. lie moved within the enemy's lines for nine clays with 
 a force of about five thousand men, and disabled every line of 
 communication between the Rappahannock and Richmond, and 
 destroyed bridges, culverts, ferries, railroads, canals, and supply- 
 trains, while a part of his force was within two miles of Richmond, 
 which was the nearest approach of any considerable body of Na- 
 tional troops to that date. The Secretary of War commended his 
 operations as a brilliant success. He served as Chief of the 
 Cavalry Bureau at Washington from July 18, 18G3, to January 
 28, 1864, when he was assigned, by direction of the President, 
 to the command of the Twenty-third Army Corps, which he re- 
 tained until April 4, 18G4, when, upon the reorganization of the 
 armies operating against Richmond, he was assigned to the com- 
 mand of the Cavalry Corps in the Department of the Ohio and 
 participated in the operations of the Atlanta campaign until July 
 31, 1864, during which, he was conspicuously aggressive, and per- 
 formed valuable and important services. On the 26th of July he 
 obtained permission to make a cavalry raid to Macon for the pur- 
 pose of releasing a large number of National prisoners, and then 
 march to Andersonville for a similar purpose. He crossed the 
 Ocmulgee River near Covington, and marched down the east 
 bank until he arrived at Clinton, when he sent out detachments 
 which struck the railroad at Griswold Station and destroyed a large 
 number of cars and locomotives, and, after burning the bridge 
 across the Oconee, he reunited his division before Macon and 
 shelled the town from the opposite side of the river, and then 
 started to Clinton, where he arrived on the 31st of July, and 
 found his retreat obstructed. He at once decided to sacrifice 
 himself for the safety of his command by occupying the attention 
 of the enemy with a small force, so as to give the brigade com- 
 manders an opportunity to retreat towards Atlanta. One brigade 
 came in entire, but the others met with adversities and came in by 
 detachments. He surrendered as a prisoner of war, and was held 
 until October 27, 1864, when he was exchanged, and returned to 
 duty in temporary command of the Department of the Ohio, and 
 in December, 1864, he conducted a cavalry raid into South-west 
 Virginia and engaged the enemy in the actions of Kingsport (kill- 
 ing, capturing, and dispersing Duke's command), Bristol, Wythc- 
 ville, Marion (where he nearly annihilated Morgan's forces), and 
 
320 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Saltville. Iu these operations he completely paralyzed the efforts of 
 the enemy to disturb the peace and safety of East Tennessee. He 
 then commanded the District of East Tennessee from February 14 
 to March 20, 1865, when he made another raid into Virginia and 
 North Carolina, and fought the enemy at Wytheville and Salisbury, 
 and destroyed the Lynchburg and Bristol Railroad and the North 
 Carolina Central Eailroad, and captured the garrisons at Salisbury, 
 Charlotte, Morganton, and Ashville. This was the longest and 
 most important cavalry raid of the war, and had many exciting 
 passages in it, and fully established his reputation for that kind 
 of warfare. He commanded the Department of Tennessee from 
 June 27, 1865, to June 5, 1866 ; the Department of the Cumber- 
 land from June 9 to August 13, 1866; and the District of the Cum- 
 berland from August 13 to September 1, 1866, when he was mustered 
 out of volunteer service. He was made a brevet brigadier-general, 
 to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the capture of Charlotte, N. C, and a brevet major-general, to date 
 from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the 
 field during the war of the Eebellion. 
 
 He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Third Cavalry, to 
 date from March 30, 1861, but never joined, as he continued to 
 serve in volunteer commission until he was appointed colonel of 
 the Twenty-first Infantry, to date from July 28, 1866. 
 
 He joined his regiment at Petersburg, Va., December 19, 1866, 
 and commanded the sub-district of Petersburg until June, 1868, 
 when he assumed the command of the First Military District (Vir- 
 ginia), which he retained until April, 1869. Upon the consolidation 
 of the Twenty-first and Thirty-second Infantry, March 3, 1869, to 
 be known as the Twenty-first Infantry, he w r as retained as the 
 colonel, and, starting from Richmond on the 20th of April, 1869, 
 joined his regiment at the Presidio of San Francisco on the 11th 
 of May, 1869, and proceeded thence to Drum Barracks, and com- 
 manded the station and the District of Arizona from August 16, 
 1869, to March 30, 1870, and the Department of Arizona from 
 May 3, 1870, to June 4, 1871. He relinquished the command of 
 his regiment July 4, 1870, and was retired from active service 
 August 16, 1871, for disability contracted in the line of duty. He 
 made a home at San Gabriel, in Los Angeles County, Cal., and 
 devoted his attention, with marked success, to the culm re of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICEKS. 
 
 321 
 
 grape and orange. He was appointed by the President in 1879 a 
 member of the Board of Indian Commissioners, and he served 
 nearly a full term of four years as one of the Railroad Commis 
 sioners of the State of California. He resigned from the retired 
 list of the army on the loth of September, 1882, because he was a 
 candidate for governor of California, to which office he was elected 
 by a large majority on the 7th of November, 1882, for a term of 
 four years beginning January 1, 1883. 
 
 0. Theodore O'llARAwas born at Danville, Ky.,in 1820. His 
 father, who was an eminent classic scholar and a doctor of law, 
 emigrated from Ireland and settled in Kentucky, where he lived 
 an honored and respected life, and died gratefully remembered as 
 having helped to mould some of the most brilliant minds which 
 that State has produced. The son was a ripe scholar and a modest 
 gentleman. 
 
 He served in the Mexican War as an assistant epiartermaster 
 witli the rank of captain, to date from June 26, 184G. He was 
 desperately wounded at Churubusco, and was made a brevet major, 
 to date from August 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, and at the 
 end of the war he was honorably discharged, to date from October 
 15, 1848. 
 
 lie was the ranking officer of the American filibusters who 
 landed with General Lopez at Cardenas, Cuba, in May, 1850, and 
 was severely wounded in the affair at that place. 
 
 He wrote the gifted poem on the Kentuckians who were killed 
 at the battle of Buena Vista, which is known as " The Bivouac of 
 the Dead."* It was read by him at the burial services of the dead 
 heroes when their remains were brought from Mexico and inhumed, 
 with military honors, at Frankfort, Ky. 
 
 The muffled drum's sad roll has beat 
 
 The soldier's last tattoo ; 
 No more on Life's parade shall meet 
 
 The brave and fallen few. 
 On Fame's eternal camping-ground 
 
 Their silent tents are spre id, 
 And Glory guards, with solemn round, 
 
 The bivouac of the dead. 
 '21 
 
 No rumor of the foe's advance 
 
 Now swells upon the wind ; 
 No troubled tin >n^ht< at midnight haunt 
 
 Of loved ones lefl behind. 
 
 No vision of the morrow's strife 
 The warrior's dream alarms ; 
 
 No braying horn nor screaming fife 
 At dawn shall eall to arms. 
 
322 
 
 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He was engaged in civil pursuits at Frankfort, Ky., when he 
 was appointed a captain in the Fifth (Old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. He was stationed at Louisville, Ky., from 
 the 20th of April to the 21st of September, and employed on 
 recruiting service and purchasing horses for the regiment. He 
 then joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, where he had sta- 
 tion until the 27th of October, when he marched with the regi- 
 ment to Texas, and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 1856, 
 where he served until July, when he changed station to Camp 
 
 Their shivered swords are red with rust, 
 
 Their plumed heads are howed ; 
 Their haughty banner, trailed iu dust, 
 
 Is now their martial shroud. 
 And plenteous funeral tears have washed 
 
 The red stains from each brow, 
 And the proud forms, by battle gashed, 
 
 Are free from anguish now. 
 
 The neighing troop, the flashing blade, 
 
 The bugle's stirring blast, 
 The charge, the dreadful cannonade, 
 
 The din and shout, are past. 
 Nor war's wild note nor glory's peal 
 
 Shall thrill with fierce delight 
 Those breasts that never more may feel 
 
 The raptures of the fight. 
 
 Like the fierce Northern hurricane 
 
 That sweeps the broad plateau, 
 Flushed with the triumph yet to gain 
 
 Came down the serried foe. 
 Who heard the thunder of the fray 
 
 Break o'er the field beneath 
 Knew well the watchword of the day 
 
 Was " victory or death." 
 
 Long had the doubtful conflict raged 
 
 O'er all that stricken plain, 
 For never fiercer fight had waged 
 
 The vengeful blood of Spain; 
 And still the storm of battle blew, 
 
 Still swelled the gory tide. 
 Not long, our stout old chieftain knew, 
 
 Such odds his strength could bide. 
 
 'Twas in that hour his stern command 
 
 Called to a martyr's grave 
 T le flower of his own loved land, 
 
 The nation's flag to save. 
 By rivers of their fathers' gore 
 
 His first-born laurels grew, 
 And well he knew the sons would pour 
 
 Their lives for glory, too. 
 
 Full many a Norther's breath hath swept 
 
 O'er Angostura's plain, 
 And long the pitying sky has wept 
 
 Above its mouldered slain. 
 The raven's scream, or eagle's flight, 
 
 Or shepherd's pensive lay, 
 Alone awake each sullen height 
 
 That frowned o'er that dread fray. 
 
 Sons of the "dark and bloody ground"! 
 
 Ye must not slumber there, 
 Where stranger steps and tongues resound 
 
 Along the heedless air; 
 Your own proud land's heroic soil 
 
 Shall be your fitter grave: 
 She claims from War her richest spoil— 
 
 The ashes of her brave. 
 
 So 'neath their parent turf they rest, 
 
 Far from the gory field, 
 Borne to a Spartan mother's breast 
 
 On many a bloody shield. 
 The sunshine of their native sky 
 
 Smiles sadly on them here, 
 And kindred eyes and hearts watch by 
 
 The heroes' sepulchre. 
 
 Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead, 
 
 Dear as the blood ye gave ! 
 No impions footsteps here shall tread 
 
 The herbage of your grave ; 
 Nor shall your glory be forgot 
 
 While Fame her record keeps, 
 Or Honor points the hallowed spot 
 
 Where valor proudly sleeps. 
 
 Yon marble minstrel's voiceless stone 
 
 In deathless song shall tell, 
 When many a vanished age hath flown, 
 
 The story how ye fell; 
 Nor wreck, nor change, nor winter's blight, 
 
 Nor time's remorseless doom 
 Can dim one ray of holy light 
 
 That gilds your glorious tomb. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 323 
 
 Colorado, and served there until October. His only field-service 
 was with the expedition towards the head- waters of the Brazos and 
 Colorado rivers during June and July, 185G. He availed himself 
 of a leave of absence on the 11th of October, and, because of a mis- 
 understanding with the lieutenant-colonel of the regiment, resigned 
 his commission on the 1st of December, 185G, and returned to 
 civil pursuits in Kentucky. 
 
 lie joined the rebellion against the United States and served 
 as a colonel in the staff of the Confederate army. He was an 
 assistant adjutant-general and an aide-de-camp to General Albert 
 S. Johnston during his operations in the Department of the AYest. 
 He was carrying orders on the field of Shiloh when General John- 
 ston was wounded, and returned to his side just after he had 
 expired. He accompanied the remains to New Orleans, and there- 
 after his service in the army seems to be obscure. It is claimed by 
 his friends that he was treated with injustice and contumely by 
 the Confederate authorities. He died in Barbour County, Ala., on 
 the 7th of June, 18G7, and in 1872 the Kentucky Legislature had 
 his remains removed to Lexington and interred in the soil of his 
 native State, and erected over his grave a monument, on which is 
 inscribed the first stanza of "The Bivouac of the Dead." 
 
 7. William R. Bradfute was born in Tennessee. He enlisted 
 at Nashville, May, 184G, in Company E, First Tennessee Volun- 
 teers, for service in the Mexican War, and when the company was 
 organized he was elected the first lieutenant. He participated in 
 the siege of Vera Cruz and in the battles of Monterey (distin- 
 guished) and Cerro Gordo. He was honorably discharged on the 
 expiration of his term of service (one year), and returned to Ten- 
 nessee, and was elected in October, 1847, captain of Company 
 G, Third Tennessee Volunteers, and accompanied the regiment 
 to Mexico, and continued in service until July, 1848. He was 
 engaged in civil pursuits at McMinnvillc, Tenn., when he was 
 appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. He served on recruiting service at that 
 place from the 15th of May to the 1st of July, when he joined his 
 company at Jefferson Barracks, where he had station until the 
 
324 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 27th of October, when he marched with the regiment to Texas, 
 and arrived at Fort Mason January 14, 1S56, where he served until 
 the 22d of December, when he was transferred to Grape Creek, 
 where he had station until May 15, 1857. He then returned to 
 Fort Mason, and served there until the 20th of October, when he 
 availed himself of a leave of absence. He served with the expedi- 
 tion towards the head-waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers 
 during June and July, 1856, and on the 26th of November, 1856, 
 he defeated a party of hostile Comanches near the head-waters 
 of the Concho Elver. He rejoined his company from leave and 
 detached service June 24, 1858, and served with it until the 20th 
 of July, on Avhich day, when in camp on the Clear Fork of the 
 Brazos, commanding a squadron, he was so unfortunate as to shoot 
 and kill a private of Company K, who followed a refusal to obey a 
 lawful order by striking the captain a violent blow on the face with 
 his clenched hand. He at once proceeded to Fort Belknap and 
 surrendered himself. A long and searching examination of the 
 affair by a court of inquiry fully exonerated him from blame in 
 the matter, and he returned to duty with his company at Fort 
 Chadbourne, where he arrived on the 6th of August. The findings 
 of the court did not please certain citizens, who instituted pro- 
 ceedings against him, and succeeded in obtaining the order of the 
 President for his arrest and transfer to the civil authorities for 
 trial. He was accordingly summoned from the command of Fort 
 Chadbourne to Fort Belkuap, where he arrived on the 25th of 
 November, 1858, and the order was carried into execution. He 
 was released on bail, and made repeated requests for a trial, but 
 without avail ; and the beginning of the rebellion against the 
 United States, two and a half years later, found him a civil and 
 military prisoner. 
 
 He tendered his resignation, which was accepted March 21, 
 1861. He then entered the Confederate service and became a 
 colonel of cavalry. He was justly reputed as a very brave and 
 gallant officer. He was a superb marksman, cool, clear, and 
 decisive in action, and possessed an impulsive temperament and 
 strongly marked characteristics. 
 
 After the war ho settled in Louisa County, Va., but soon 
 removed to Texas, where he is engaged in the stock-growing 
 business. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 325 
 
 8. Charles E. Travis was born in Alabama in 1828. He 
 was the only son of William B. Travis, colonel of the First Infantry 
 (and for a time superintendent of the recruiting service) of the 
 Republic of Texas. The father is known to fame as "The Hero 
 of the Alamo."* The son was a captain of Texas Hangers in 
 1854-55, and was serving with his command when he was 
 appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. He reported at Louisville, Ky., and was 
 assigned to recruiting service at Evansvillc, Ind., on the 29th 
 of May, and continued on that duty until the Cth of August, when 
 he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, where lie had station 
 until the 27th of October, when he marched with the regiment to 
 Texas, and arrived at Fort Mason January 14, 185G. Charges had 
 been preferred against him for misconduct at Jefferson Barracks, 
 and upon arrival at Fort Mason he was tried by a general court- 
 martial and sentenced to be dismissed from the service of the 
 United States. The sentence was confirmed by the President, and 
 Captain Travis ceased to be an officer on the 1st of May, 1856. 
 There are officers who belonged to the regiment at that time who 
 are of the opinion that he was too severely punished. 
 
 After he was dismissed from the army he proceeded to Austin, 
 
 * Santa Anna marched into San Antonio February 23, 1833, and Colonel Travis retired with his 
 command to the Alamo, which, although strongly built, was originally designed for a mission, 
 not for a fortress. The walls were plain stone-work ; the main one, a rectangle, 190 feet by 
 122 feet. There were fourteen pieces of artillery— four on the side towards San Antonio, four 
 facing the north, two on the south-east corner, and four defending the gate facing the bridge 
 across the San Antonio River. The place was well supplied with water, bat was lacking in 
 men, provisions, and ammunition. Santa Anna demanded a surrender without terms, and 
 received for answer a defiant shot from the improvised fort. The Mexicans then hoisted a red 
 flag >ni the church in Bexar and began the attack. Travis sent a courier for aid, using in his 
 dispatch these words: "I shall never surrender or retreat." The investment began February 
 24, 1836, and continued until Sunday morning, March 6, 1836, when the Mexicans captured 
 Ihe place and slaughtered the entire garrison. Colonel Travis fell near the western wall. The 
 Mexicans numbered overfour thousand, while theTexans had only one hundred and eighty-eight 
 men. The enemy's victory was complete, yet his force was as twenty-one to one and his loss nearly 
 three times the entire number of the defenders. An hour after sunrise on that Sabbath morn- 
 ing all was silent in and around the Alamo, and the crimson waters of the acequia encircling the 
 fort resembled the red Hag on the church at Bexar. The world has rarely witnessed an exhibition 
 of greater courage than was displayed in the defense of the Alamo. On March 3. 1886, Colonel 
 Travis wrote to a friend: "Take care of my little boy. Should I perish he will have nothing 
 but the proud recollection that he is the son of a man who died for his country. - ' In 
 lei it i- le' .-aid : " I have held the place until now, and 1 will continue to hold it or I will perish 
 in its defense.'' On March 25, is:;;, the remains of the gallant defenders of the Alamo were 
 gathered and buried with imposing ceremonies by the Republic of Texas. — Yoakum' 
 of Texas, vol. ii. pp. 75 and 211. 
 
326 MILITAEY EECOEDS OF OFFICEES. 
 
 and obtained on the 30th of August the unanimous passage of 
 joint resolutions by the Legislature of Texas which expressed the 
 opinion that the sentence was not sustained by the testimony, and 
 requested the President to re-examine the proceedings and, if 
 possible, to reverse the findings and reinstate him. It was gen- 
 erally understood at Austin and San Antonio that his object in 
 obtaining the passage of the joint resolutions was to remove the 
 stain of dismissal and place himself in a position to challenge those 
 who had been active in his prosecution. He then proceeded to 
 San Antonio, and, failing to find the persons whom he intended 
 to challenge, succeeded in creating some excitement by forcing a 
 difficulty upon an officer who refused, at his request, to amend a 
 part of his testimony as given during the trial. The newspaper 
 comments thereon were unfavorable to him, and he departed from 
 the city and never again approached any person upon the subject of 
 his dismissal. lie lived near Austin, Texas, until 18G0, when he 
 died of consumption. 
 
 9. Albert G. Brackett was born in Otsego County, N. Y. 
 His brother (John E.) was a captain in Stevenson's famous New 
 York regiment which was conspicuous in the conquest of Califor- 
 nia. He removed to Indiana in the autumn of 1846, and the next 
 year volunteered for the Mexican War and was elected second 
 lieutenant of Company I, Fourth Indiana Volunteers, and mus- 
 tered into the service of the United States at Jeffersonville, Ind., 
 to date from June 1, 1847, and was promoted first lieutenant of 
 the company June 18, 1847. He was stationed at the School of 
 Instruction, Mier, Mexico, during July and August, 1847, and 
 marched thence to Vera Cruz. His regiment formed a part of 
 General Lane's column on the march towards the city of Mexico. 
 He was engaged, in the fall of 1847, in the skirmishes at Paso de 
 Ovejas and La Hoya, in the battle of Huamantla, in raising the 
 siege of Puebla, and in the combat and bombardment of Atlixco. 
 He subsequently served in the city of Puebla and at JSTapaloucan 
 on the national road between Vera Cruz and the city of Mexico, 
 and thus continued until the end of the war. He served for a time 
 while in Puebla as first lieutenant of a battery of artillery which 
 
MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 327 
 
 was composed of Ohio and Indiana volunteers. lie served during 
 the Mexican War with great credit, and was honorably discharged 
 on the 16th of July, 1818. He then returned to his home, where 
 he prepared and published in 1851 an interesting history of General 
 Lane's brigade in Central Mexico in 1848. 
 
 He was engaged in civil pursuits at Logansport, Ind., when he 
 was appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. He was assigned to recruiting service at 
 Logansport, Ind., and Rock Island, 111., and continued on that 
 duty until the 5th of August, when he joined his company at 
 Jefferson Barracks, where he had station until the 27th of 
 October, when he marched with the regiment to Texas, and 
 arrived at Fort Mason January 11, 1856, where he served until 
 July, when he changed station to Camp Sabinal, and subsecpiently 
 served at Forts Clark and Mcintosh, Camps Hudson, Van Camp, 
 Ives, and Verde, and was frequently in command of stations and 
 expeditions. He defeated a band of Lipans on the Guadalupe 
 River on the Sth of March, 1856, and killed and wounded a 
 number; recaptured a large quantity of property, including sun- 
 dry land-papers of great value, and a draft for one thousand 
 pounds sterling, which they had stolen during one of their raids 
 on the Rio Cibola. He was engaged (commanding) in the pursuit 
 of a hand of Comanches near the Arroya de las Encinas, between 
 Eagle Pass and Laredo, on the 1st of February, 1857, and com- 
 manded his company in an important movement on the Great 
 Comanche trail and into the State of Chihuahua, during which 
 he pursued and routed a party of Comanches near the Presidio de 
 San Vicente on the 2d of May, 1859. He accompanied Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Leo, who was commanding the Department of Texas, in 
 the spring of 1860 during the border disturbances with Cortinas, 
 and served on the Rio Grande until the next autumn. He was 
 conspicuously active in Texas, successful in his encounters with 
 hostile Indians and in defending the border from the incursions 
 of the savages and the marauding operations of Cortinas. and 
 received upon several occasions the thanks and commendations of 
 the department commander and of General Scott. 
 
 When the State of Texas was surrendered to the insurgents he 
 marched with his company from Camp Verde on the 21st of 
 February, 1861, and, having joined other companies of the regiment 
 
328 MILITARY EEC0ED8 OF OFFICERS. 
 
 at Green Lake, proceeded to Indianola, where on the 31st of March 
 the detachment embarked on the steamship Goatzacoalcos and 
 sailed for IMew York Harbor, and proceeded thence to Carlisle, 
 where the troops arrived on the 13th of April. His company, 
 having been refitted and mounted, proceeded to Washington, 
 and a few days later crossed the Potomac, over the Long Bridge, 
 into Virginia with the first troops on the 23d of May, 1861, 
 and participated in the capture of Alexandria, and he was then 
 assigned to a temporary station at Arlington. He commanded 
 a squadron of the regiment in the skirmish at Blackburn's Ford, 
 Va., on the 18th of July, 1861, which was an important affair. 
 The squadron was exposed to a heavy fire, and the men not only 
 served as cavalry, but also assisted the artillerymen to bring 
 their guns into action. He participated in the battle of Bull 
 Run, where his company served as an escort to General McDowell 
 during the entire day, having been detailed for that duty on the 
 19th. During the disastrous retreat his company, with the regular 
 cavalry, constituted about all there was of a rear-guard, and by 
 vigorous and intelligent action did much to restore order among 
 the volunteers, avIio had been abandoned by their own appointed 
 officers. Having obtained, in September, a leave of absence for 
 the purpose of accepting a commission in the volunteer service, 
 he proceeded West, where he served as an aide-de-camp to Governor 
 Yates, of Illinois, and commanded Camp Douglas, at Chicago, 
 until February, 1802. He was appointed colonel of the Ninth 
 Illinois Cavalry, to date from October 26, 1861, and marched 
 with the regiment to Missouri, and thence to Arkansas as a part 
 of Steele's brigade of General Curtis's army. He defeated the 
 enemy at the Waddell Farm, in Jackson County, Ark., on the 12th 
 of June, 1862, and saved a valuable train belonging to the govern- 
 ment ; and on the 27th he attacked, with two battalions of his regi- 
 ment, a superior force of the enemy at Stewart's Plantation, near 
 Village Creek, in Jackson County, Ark., and fought them until 
 dark, losing thirty-three officers and men killed and wounded, and 
 as many horses, and inflicting a severe loss upon the enemy. He 
 was wounded in the breast by a rifle-ball, but retained the com- 
 mand throughout the action, lie was also engaged in the action 
 at Cache Bayou, Ark. lie was made a brevet major, to date from 
 June 28, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services in the campaign 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 329 
 
 of 1SG2 in Arkansas, and was promoted a major in the First Cavalry, 
 bo date from July 17, 1862. He served as chief of cavalry in the 
 Department of Missouri, and as a mustering and disbursing officer 
 and as an assistant commissary of musters at St. Louis in 1863. He 
 commanded a cavalry brigade in West Tennessee, and was employed 
 in defending the Memphis and Charleston Railway, and was an 
 assistant inspector-general of cavalry in the Department of the 
 Cumberland, and a special inspector, in 1804. lie participated in 
 the siege and battles in front of Atlanta and the battle of Nash- 
 ville, and was made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from 
 September 1, 18G4, for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 Atlanta campaign, lie was mustered out of volunteer service on 
 the 26th of October, 18G4, and was made a brevet colonel, to date 
 from March 13, 18G5, for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the war of the Rebellion. He prepared, during the war, a history 
 of the United States Cavalry from 1703 to 18G3, which was pub- 
 lished in 18G5. He joined and commanded his regiment at New 
 Orleans in September, 18G5, and accompanied it to the Pacific 
 coast in January, 18GG, where he commanded the Presidio of San 
 Francisco, Drum Barracks, Los Angeles, Fort Churchill, and Fort 
 Vancouver. He also commanded the District of Nevada during a 
 part of the year 18GG, and was very successful in the conduct of 
 operations against hostile Indians, and inflicted upon them a loss 
 of three hundred and twenty-seven killed, wounded, and captured 
 in the combats of the year with the regulars and volunteers who 
 were serving under his command. He commanded the Dis- 
 trict of Summit Lake and Nevada in 1807, and was on duty in 
 Arizona when he was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Second 
 Cavalry, to date from June 9, 18G8. He joined his regiment at 
 Fort McPherson, Neb., in March, 1869, and commanded it until 
 May, when he marched, with four companies, to Fort Ellis, Mon., 
 where he arrived in July, and remained until December, in the 
 meantime distributing supplies to the Crow Indians. He then 
 rejoined the regimental headquarters at Fort Omaha, where he 
 had station until March, 1871, when he was assigned to the com- 
 mand of Fort Fred Steele, Wyo., which he retained until dune, 
 and suppressed on the 30th of April a riot among the coal-miners 
 at Carbon. He again served at Fort Omaha from June, 1871, to 
 September, L872, when he was assigned to the command of Fort 
 
330 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Bridget', and was subsequently transferred to Camp Stambaugh, 
 and had service at the two stations until September, 1873. He 
 also commanded the District of Wind River from May to Septem- 
 ber, 1873. He was on general court-martial duty at Omaha during 
 October, 1873, and thereafter on a leave of absence until February, 
 1874, when he joined at Fort Sanders, where he served until Sep- 
 tember, 1877, and commanded the station and his regiment at dif- 
 ferent periods, having occasional leaves and detached service, chiefly 
 on general court-martial duty, to other stations within the depart- 
 ment. 
 
 He commanded his regiment during the change of stations 
 from the Department of the Platte to the Department of Dakota, 
 and marched with the headquarters from Fort Sanders, Wyo., to 
 Fort Custer, Mom, during September and October, 1877. He 
 served in the Department of Dakota until the summer of 1879, 
 and commanded the District of the Yellowstone from March 
 to June. He was promoted colonel of the Third Cavalry, to date 
 from March 20, 1879, and joined his regiment at Fort Laramie, 
 Wyo., in July, and served at the station until October, when he 
 was ordered to field-service against the hostile Utes of Colorado. 
 He proceeded to Rawlins, Wyo., where he established a camp 
 of thirteen companies belonging to the Ninth Infantry, Third 
 and Fifth Cavalry, which was broken up on the 28th of November, 
 when he returned to Fort Laramie, and served there until April, 
 1880, when he changed station with his headquarters to Fort D. 
 A. Russell, Wyo., where he arrived on the 2.7th, and served until 
 May, 1882, except tours of general court-martial service at Camp 
 Douglas, Salt Lake City, and Rock Creek. He declined, on the 
 10th of August, 1880, the appointment of superintendent of the 
 Mounted Recruiting Service. He was elected, in February, 1881, 
 a vice-president of the National Association of Veterans of the 
 Mexican War, and subsequently was elected a vice-president of the 
 Wyoming Academy of Science. 
 
 He was transferred, in May, 1882, with his regiment from the 
 Department of the Platte to the Department of Arizona, where he 
 commanded Forts Thomas and Grant and directed the field opera- 
 tions against the hostile Apache Indians until August, 1882, when, 
 having been appointed superintendent of the Mounted Recruiting 
 Service, he relinquished the command of bis regiment and pro- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 331 
 
 deeded to Jefferson Barracks, where lie arrived on the 1st of 
 October, 1882, and entered upon the duties of his office. 
 
 10. Charles J. Whiting was born in Massachusetts. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1835, 
 and assigned to the Second Artillery as a brevet second lieutenant, 
 and was promoted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant September 
 10, 1835. Upon the expiration of his graduating leave he was 
 assigned to engineer duty until the 15th of December. He served 
 with his regiment in the Florida war during the spring of 1836, 
 and was engaged in four skirmishes at Camp Izard on the 27th, 
 28th, and 29th of February and the 5th of March, and in the 
 action of Oloklikaha on the 31st of March.* 
 
 He resigned on the 31st of May, 1836, and engaged in civil 
 engineering upon a projected railroad from Pensacola, Fla., to 
 Blakely, Ala., and in 1837 was chief engineer of the Tallahassee 
 and St. Mark's Eailroad in Florida, and in 1838 was the assistant 
 engineer on the survey of the Delta of the Mississippi Eiver. 
 Upon the termination of this service he removed to Maine and 
 was employed as principal of the Ellsworth Academy from 1839 
 to 1845. He was assistant engineer during 1849 on the boundary 
 survey between the United States and Mexico, and upon the ter- 
 mination of this duty he settled at San Jose, Cal., as a farmer 
 and surveyor. 
 
 He held the office of surveyor-general of California f during 
 
 * The skirmishes at Camp Izard were fought by troops under General Gaines. He assembled 
 a few regulars, accepted the services of a Louisiana regiment, and started for the seat of war. 
 He learned on arrival at Pensacola that General Scott had been ordered to Florida, but, anxious 
 to accomplish something, he pushed on to Fort King, and, taking a supply of provisions, marched 
 to the Withlacoochee River, where the Indians were found in force. Lieutenant Izard was Bhot 
 on the bank of the river while in command of the advance-guard. Camp Izard was established 
 about one hundred yards from the river, and breastworks were made by felling pine-trees. 'I lie 
 Indians mad" an assault upon the camp the morning after it was established, and continued 
 their attacks day after day. inflicting some loss on us and receiving some loss in return. Gen- 
 eral Gaines, learning that General Scott had arrived, marched to Fort Drum, relinquished his 
 command, and retired from the scene of hostilities. The action of Oloklikaha was fought hy 
 troops under General Scott. It was a running fight, the troops marching and the Indians firing 
 into the head of the column asit waded through the swamps, and thru retreating to the next 
 hiding-place. The troops could only answer the fire by aiming at tin- smoke of the enemy's 
 guns. Our loss was four killed and forty wounded. 
 
 t When Whiting was surveyor-general the State was overrun by grasshoppers, and the 
 Legislature passed a resolution requiring him to report the most feasible plan for externa- 
 
332 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 1850-51, and was assistant engineer of the Sacramento Valley 
 Railroad when lie was appointed a captain in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. He joined his company at 
 Jefferson Barracks on the 29th of September, where he had station 
 until the 27th of October, when lie marched with the regiment to 
 Texas, and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 1S56, where he 
 served until the 9th of August, when he was assigned to the 
 command of Fort Inge, which he retained until March 16, 1857. 
 He afterwards served at Forts Clark and Mason, and at Camps 
 Radziminski and Wood. He was distinguished for gallant con- 
 duet in an action against a band of hostile Lipans and Comanches 
 in the Wachita Mountains on the 10th of August, 1857. He was 
 engaged in the brilliant action at Wichita Village, October 1, 1858, 
 and was distinguished for gallant conduct and complimented in 
 orders from the headquarters of the army. He availed himself, in 
 September, 1859, of a leave of absence, and rejoined his company 
 at Camp Wood in September, 1860, where he was serving when the 
 State was surrendered to the insurgents. He united with other 
 officers of the regiment in a plan to mass the troops and march 
 northward through the Indian Territory to Fort Leavenworth ; but 
 it was found impossible to do so, as the posts had been deprived of 
 nearly all their means of transportation, and the subsistence stores 
 on hand were only sufficient to supply the troops for the march 
 to the sea-coast. He accordingly marched with his company to 
 Indianola, and, uniting with the second detachment of the regi- 
 ment (commanding), he embarked on the steamship Empire City 
 and sailed for New York Harbor, and proceeded thence to Carlisle, 
 where the troops arrived on the 27th of April. 
 
 His company was assigned to temporary duty at Arlington 
 until towards the end of June, when he rejoined the regimental 
 headquarters and participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah 
 
 nating the pests. He did not consider that the requirements of the resolution pertained to the 
 duties of his office, but gravely replied that iu his judgment the most feasible plan to prevent a 
 
 recurrence of the grasshopper ravages was to make an appropriation for the purchase of turkeys 
 in the East, import them into the State, and distribute them to the farmers. When the turkeys 
 had destroyed the grasshoppers they could be sold at a profit and the proceeds covered into the 
 treasury. He accompanied his report with an elaborately prepared table, showing the total 
 tgricultural land-, the estimated number of grasshoppers to the acre, and estimated 
 number of gra.->hoppcrs each turkey would eat, thus arriving at the required number of turkeys 
 to import, together with the estimated cost of each turkey, etc. The records do not show that 
 his recommendation was enacted into a law. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 333 
 
 campaign, and was engaged in the action at Falling Waters and 
 in the skirmishes at Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. It is said when 
 lie was ordered, at Falling Waters, to proceed with a squadron in 
 search of a militia regiment which had become detached from the 
 army, that ho never ceased, during the entire movement, to ex- 
 press his opinion of militia in general and of the politicians who 
 were responsible for the war. He then served at Darnestown, Md., 
 until September, when he was transferred to the defenses of Wash- 
 ington, where he served during the winter of 1861-62, and was 
 engaged (commanding) in a skirmish, October 20, at Flint Hill, 
 Va., while making a reconnaissance. He participated in the 
 Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns of 1862, 
 and was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run (commanding the 
 regiment from the 21st of May to the 27th of June), the siege 
 of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in almost daily 
 skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, 
 the battle of Hanover Oourt-House, the reconnaissance towards 
 Ashland, and the battle of Gaines's Mill, where, after his horse was 
 killed under him, he was captured and taken to Richmond. After 
 he had been there about three weeks a Confederate captain came 
 to the prison and asked if any captain of regulars would accept 
 a parole for the purpose of going to Washington and effecting 
 an exchange with him. He gladly accepted the offer, and Avas 
 granted a parole for twenty days. He proceeded to Washington, 
 and after persistent efforts — having been once refused on the 
 ground that the government had decided not to make individual 
 exchanges — he succeeded in effecting the exchange, and resumed 
 the command of the regiment on the 12th of August, and in time 
 to form a part of the rear-guard during the evacuation of the 
 Peninsula and the change of base to the James River. This 
 statement is due to Captain Whiting, as showing that it was solely 
 by his own exertions that he succeeded in returning to duty in the 
 field, although afterwards dismissed on a charge of disloyalty. 
 
 He was engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, 
 and continued to command the regiment until the 19th of Septem- 
 ber, when he was promoted a major in the Second Cavalry, to date 
 from July 17, 1862, and commanded his regiment from October, 
 
 1862, to July, 1863, and the Reserve Cavalry Brigade during June, 
 
 1863. lie participated in the Rappahannock campaign of 1863, 
 
334 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and was engaged in General Stoneman's raid towards Kichmond, 
 in the skirmishes at Rappahannock and Rapid an stations and Ely's 
 Ford, and in the battle of Beverly Ford. He then commanded the 
 Portland (Maine) Draft Station from July to the 5th of November, 
 1863, when he was dismissed from the army for disloyalty and 
 for using contemptuous and disrespectful words against the Presi- 
 dent of the United States. He was restored by the order of the 
 President, May 28, 1866, to his former rank as a major and 
 assigned to the Third Cavalry, and joined his regiment in New 
 Mexico, December 1, 1866, and commanded it, and Fort Marcy, 
 until March 4, 1867, when his appointment expired by constitu- 
 tional limitation. He was reappointed on the 3d of April, 1867, 
 and rejoined his regiment at Fort Union, and commanded it until 
 September 9, 1867. He subsequently commanded Forts Sum- 
 ner and "Wingate, and during the summer of 1868 conducted 
 the Navajo Indians from Fort Sumner to a reservation in North- 
 western New Mexico. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Sixth Cavalry May 6, 1869, and reported for duty at Greenville, 
 Texas, in July, where he served until May, 1870, when he was 
 assigned to the command of Fort Griffin, where he was serving 
 when he was transferred to the list of supernumeraries and 
 honorably mustered out of service, under section 12 of the act of 
 Congress approved July 15, 1870, to date from January 1, 1871. 
 He has since devoted himself to civil pursuits at Castine, Maine. 
 
 11. Nathan G. Evans * was born in Darlington District, S. C, 
 in 1829. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 
 1st of July, 1848, and assigned to the First Dragoons (now First 
 Cavalry) as a brevet second lieutenant, and was transferred to the 
 Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) as a second lieutenant, to 
 date from September 30, 1849. He joined at Jefferson Barracks on 
 the 11 th of November, 1848, and served at that station until Janu- 
 ary, 1849, when he was transferred to Fort Leavenworth, and 
 served six years on the frontier west of the Missouri River. He 
 participated in an expedition to the Rocky Mountains during the 
 summer of 1849, and served at Fort Leavenworth as quartermaster 
 
 * His army sobriquet was " Shank Evans." 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 335 
 
 and commissary until January, 1850, and thereafter, and until 
 April of that year, as post adjutant, and participated during 
 August, 1850, in a march to the crossing of the Arkansas River. 
 His promotion to the Second Dragoons transferred him to New 
 Mexico, where he had stations at Socorro and Forts Conrad and 
 Webster. He participated in the campaigns against the Apache 
 Indians in 1852, and was engaged in a skirmish near the Laguna, 
 on the Jomado del Muerto, 1ST. M., on the 21th of January, 1852. 
 He was serving at Fort Leavenworth when he was appointed a first 
 lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 
 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Louisville, Ky., on the 2Sth of 
 May, and conducted a detachment of recruits to Jefferson Bar- 
 racks, where he arrived on the 5th of June, and served at that 
 station until the 23d of September, when he was assigned to 
 recruiting service at Detroit, Mich., where he remained until the 
 25th of October, when he returned to Jefferson Barracks and 
 marched with the regiment to Texas, aud arrived at Camr) Cooper 
 January 3, 1856, where he had station until June, 1858. He was 
 promoted a captain May 1, 185C. He was engaged (commanding) 
 in a combat with hostile Indians on the head-waters of the Brazos 
 on the 24th of September, 1857, and defeated them with consid- 
 erable loss, and captured their horses and other property. He par- 
 ticipated in the Wichita expedition of 1858, and was engaged in the 
 brilliant action at Wichita Village on the 1st of October, where he 
 killed two warriors in hand-to-hand combats, and was complimented 
 in orders from the headquarters of the army for conspicuous gal- 
 lantry. He was then assigned to Camp Ptadziminski, and had 
 some additional field-service until the 15th of February, 1859, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence until March, 1860. 
 He then conducted a detachment of recruits to the regiment, and 
 rejoined his company at Pdnggold Barracks in June. He changed 
 station to Camp Cooper in October, where he was serving when 
 the secession movement began to threaten the country. He ob- 
 tained a leave of absence January 29, 1861, and, without rejoin- 
 ing the regiment, tendered his resignation, which was accepted 
 February 27, 1861, and he entered the Confederate service with the 
 rank of colonel, lie commanded a brigade at Bull Bun, and was 
 posted at the "Stone Bridge," where the battle was opened by the 
 
336 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 National troops. He was soon thereafter appointed a brigadier- 
 general, and commanded the Confederate troops at the battle of 
 Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861. He was then transferred to South 
 Carolina, and towards the end of the war was appointed a major- 
 general, and commanded a division of Gordon's corps at Hatcher's 
 Bun, Ya., in March, 1865. He surrendered with the Army of 
 Northern Virginia on the 9th of April, 18G5, and located at Mid- 
 way, Bullock County, Ala., where he was employed as a school- 
 teacher until his death, which occurred on the 30th of November, 
 1868. 
 
 12. Richard W. Johxsox was born in Livingston County, Ky. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1819, and assigned to the Sixth Infantry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and was appointed in the First Infantry a second lieu- 
 tenant, to date from June 10, 1850. He joined at Fort Snelling, 
 Minn., where he served until 1851, when he was transferred to 
 Texas, and had stations at Forts Duncan and Terrett until March 
 3, 1853, when he was appointed adjutant of the First Infantry, 
 and held the position until April 12, 1S55, when he was appointed 
 a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. He joined at Louisville, Ky., on the 7th of June, 
 and on the 12th was appointed regimental quartermaster. He 
 soon thereafter proceeded to Jefferson Barracks, where he had 
 station until the 27th of October, when he marched with the regi- 
 ment to Fort Mason, Texas, where he arrived January 11, 1856, 
 and served as quartermaster and commissary until the 30th of Sep- 
 tember, when he resigned his staff appointment and thereafter 
 served at Forts Mason and Belknap and Camps Colorado, Rad- 
 ziminski, and Cooper. He was promoted a captain December 
 1, 1856, and soon became conspicuous for practical attention to 
 the wants of his company, fondness for drills, and activity in the 
 field. Ho distinguished himself on the 22d of December, 1^56, 
 in a combat with a band of Comanches on the head-waters of the 
 Concho River, where, after a sharp conflict, he defeated the Indians 
 with a severe loss, captured their horses and cam}) equipage, and 
 rescued a Mexican captive. He participated in the Wichita expedi- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 337 
 
 E L858, and was engaged in the brilliant action at Wichita 
 Village on the 1st of October, lie defeated a party of hi 
 Indians on the 13th of February, L860, between Kickapoo and 
 Brady creeks, and ho accompanied Major Thomas, durin 
 summer of 1860, in an expedition to the head-waters of the Con- 
 cho and Colorado rivers, and was frequently commended in orders 
 from the headquarters of the army and the Department of Texas 
 for services in the field and gallantry in action. 
 
 He was serving at Fort Mason, commanding a squadron and the 
 non-commissioned staff and hand of the regiment, when Texas 
 was surrendered to the insurgents. He could do no better than 
 obey the '-Order of Exercises," and he accordingly abandoned 
 the post on the 29th of March, 1861, and marched to Indianola, 
 where he was joined by two other companies. These companies 
 constituted the second detachment of the regiment, and they were 
 embarked on the steamship Empire City just in time to escape 
 capture, and sailed for New York Harbor, and proceeded thence to 
 Carlisle, where they arrived on the 27th of April. . He proceeded 
 in June to Chambersburg, Pa., and participated in General Patter- 
 son's Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in the action at 
 Falling Waters and the skirmishes at Martinsburg and Bunker 
 Hill. He availed himself of a leave of absence on the 28th of 
 August for the purpose of accepting the lieutenant-colonelcy of the 
 Third Kentucky Cavalry, and proceeded to Louisville, where he 
 found the community greatly excited because of the invasion of 
 Kentucky by the Confederate General Albert S. Johnston. He was 
 placed in command of the Home Guards, numbering twelve hundred 
 men, and ordered to Lebanon Junction, on the Louisville and Nash- 
 ville Railroad ; but as the enemy halted at Bowling Green, and 
 manifested no intention to advance farther in the direction of 
 Louisville, and as volunteer regiments were dispatched in great num- 
 bers to Kentucky, the necessity for the retention of this temporary 
 force ceased to exist, and it was disbanded, and he then joined the 
 Third Kentucky Cavalry at Owensboro, where ho served until 
 the 11 tli of October, 1861, when he was appointed a brigadier- 
 general of volunteers, and assigned to the command of a brigade 
 in General Anderson's army, then in front of Louisville, Ky. He 
 served with the army on the march to Nashville and through 
 Tennessee en route to Pittsburg Landing, until he was prostrated 
 
338 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 at Columbia, Term., by malarial fever and compelled to return 
 to Louisville for medical treatment. He rejoined his brigade after 
 the battle of Shilob, and participated in the skirmishes (routing 
 the enemy in his front on the 28th of May) and marches of the 
 army during the advance upon Corinth from the 9th of April to the 
 30th of May, 1862. After the evacuation of Corinth his command 
 formed a part of the Army of the Ohio, under General Buell, on 
 the march through North Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky. 
 About this time he was promoted a major in the Fourth Cavalry, 
 to date from July 17, 1862, but never served with his regiment. 
 
 He was defeated, on the 21st of August, 1862, in an engagement 
 with Morgan's Confederate cavalry near Gallatin, Tenn., and while 
 exhibiting great courage in striving to rally his troops was cap- 
 tured by the enemy. He was soon exchanged, and a partial reor- 
 ganization of the army gave him a division, which he commanded 
 at the battle of Stone River, where he won the commendation 
 of General Rosecrans as an officer who "ought to be made a 
 major-general. '"' He participated in the advance on Tullahoma, 
 June 21 to July 4, 1863, and fought with his division, at Liberty 
 Gap, Tenn., on the 21th and 25th of June, one of the fiercest 
 engagements of the war, considering the numbers engaged. His 
 division behaved handsomely at Chickamauga, driving the enemy 
 a mile and a half and capturing seven pieces of artillery, together 
 with a large number of prisoners, arms, and colors, and he was 
 made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from September 20, 18G3, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at that fiercely-contested battle. 
 He participated in the defense of, and operations around, Chatta- 
 nooga from September, 1863, to May, 1861, and was engaged in 
 the battle of Missionary Ridge and the pursuit of the enemy im- 
 mediately thereafter. General Grant, who was so situated as to 
 have a full view of the entire line, says in his report, " The divisions 
 of Baird, Sheridan, and Johnson moved up the hill in line and 
 simultaneously carried the crest of the Ridge." He was made 
 a brevet colonel, to date from November 24, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Chattanooga. 
 
 He commanded a division of the Fourteenth Corps, Army of 
 the Cumberland, during the invasion of Georgia, May and June, 
 1864, and was engaged in the operations around Dalton, the 
 demonstrations against Resaca, and the pursuit of the enemy with 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 339 
 
 constant skirmishing, including the battle of New Hope Church, 
 whore he was severely wounded hy a shell and compelled to retire 
 from the field. He rejoined his division on the 13th of June and 
 commanded it until the 22d of August, when it hecame evident 
 that he was too weak to endure the hardships of field-service. 
 General Sherman then appointed him chief of cavalry of the 
 Military Division of the Mississippi, and dispatched him to Nash- 
 ville to equip and forward cavalry from that station ; but when 
 the march to the sea was begun and General Hood invested 
 Nashville his occupation was gone, and he reported to General 
 Thomas, who assigned him, on the 8th of November, to the com- 
 mand of a division of cavalry, which he retained until October 12, 
 1865. 
 
 He was engaged in the battle of Nashville, and was highly 
 complimented on the field by General Thomas for "skill, energy, 
 and ability/' and in the telegraphic report to the President at 
 the end of the first day's battle General Thomas said: "I must 
 not forget to report the operations of Brigadier-General Richard 
 W. Johnson in successfully driving the enemy, with the aid of the 
 gunboats under Lieutenant-Commander Fitch, from their estab- 
 lished batteries on the Cumberland below the city of Nashville." 
 He was made a brevet major-general of volunteers, to date from 
 December 1G, 1SG4, and a brevet brigadier-general, to date from 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Nashville. 
 
 He was then assigned to the command of the Middle District 
 of Tennessee, and held that highly important civil-military 
 position until January 15, 1866, when he was mustered out of 
 volunteer service and received the brevet of major-general, to date 
 from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the 
 field during the war of the Rebellion. He was conspicuous during 
 the war for his skill and energy, and he displayed great personal 
 courage at Stone River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and dur- 
 ing the invasion of Georgia. 
 
 He was provost-marsh al-gencral of the Military Division of the 
 Tennessee from October 12, 1865, to August 13, 1865, and acting 
 judge-advocate of the same division from December 5, 1865, to 
 August 13, 1866, and of the Department of the Tennessee from 
 August 13, 1866, to March 15, 1867, and of the Department of the 
 
340 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Cumberland from March 15, 1867, to October 12, 1867, when he 
 was retired from active service with the rank of major-general 
 (changed to brigadier-general by act of Congress of March 3, 1875, 
 not having "lost a leg or arm") for wounds received in the line 
 of duty. He is the author of a pamphlet entitled "Manual of 
 Arms for Colt's Breech-Loading Carbine and Navy Eevolver," 
 which came into general use as the troops were supplied with 
 these arms. 
 
 He was the orator at the organization of the Society of the 
 Army of the Cumberland on the 7th of February, 1SG7, in Mozart 
 Hall, Cincinnati. 
 
 He was professor of military science in the Missouri State Uni- 
 versity from July, 1868, to July, I860, when he, in common witli 
 all officers on the retired list, was relieved from duty. The degree 
 of A.M. was conferred upon him by the university. He was 
 elected, in September, 1869, professor of military science in the 
 University of Minnesota, but resigned the position January 1, 
 1871, and engaged in the real-estate business at St. Paul, where he 
 lias since lived, having business interests at Montrose and Dn- 
 luth. He has fully disproved the commonly accepted idea that 
 military service disqualifies a man for civil pursuits. His success 
 lias demonstrated that the education and experience acquired in 
 the army with reference to system and regularity are the founda- 
 tions of prosperity in all departments of business and in all the 
 walks of life. He published in the spring of 1881 an admirably 
 written " Memoir of Major-General George H. Thomas," which is 
 recognized as a valuable contribution of material for the use of the 
 future historian of the war of the Eebellion. He was the candi- 
 date of the Democratic party for governor of Minnesota at the 
 general election of 1881. 
 
 13. Joseph H. McArtiiue was born in Missouri. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1819, 
 and assigned to the Second Infantry as a brevet second lieutenant. 
 Upon the expiration of his graduating leave he reported at Gov- 
 ernor's Island, where he served until June, 1850, when lie was 
 ordered, at his own request, to join his regiment in California. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 34] 
 
 He made the voyage from New York to San Francisco by thi 
 
 of Cape Horn, arid joined his company at Benicia Barracks on 1 1; ■ 
 
 25th of November, 1850. 
 
 Having been appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Infan- 
 try, to date from August 12, 1850, lie was ordered, in April, 1851, 
 to join that regiment, lie proceeded to Washington, and was 
 appointed, in October, quartermaster and commissary for five 
 hundred recruits who had been assigned to Texas. He joined the 
 detachment in New York and sailed to New Orleans, and thence 
 by river to Little Bock, whence he marched overland to Fort 
 Belknap and Phantom Hill. Tie served with the Fifth Infantry 
 on the northern frontier of Texas and on the Eio Grande, having 
 stations on the Clear Fork of the Brazos, at San Antonio and 
 Ringgold Barracks, until the spring of 1855, when he was appointed 
 a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Jefferson Barracks after a tour of 
 recruiting service at Madison, Ind., on the 22d of September, 
 where he had station until the 27th of October, when he was 
 placed in charge of the property not required during the march to 
 Texas, and proceeded by water to New Orleans, and thence to 
 Fort Mason, where he arrived January 17, 1856. He commanded 
 his company at that station and at Camps Colorado and Cooper 
 until the 27th of October, when he was assigned to recruiting 
 service, and had station at Boston until September, 1858, when 
 lie was ordered to rejoin the regiment. He conducted a detach- 
 ment of recruits to Texas during the winter of 1858-59, and 
 rejoined his company at Camp Colorado on the 1st of February, 
 1859. He changed station in March to Camp Hudson, and served 
 during the summer and fall in an expedition under Captain 
 Stoneman to the head-waters of the Pecos River and in the 
 Guadalupe Mountains, and on the Lower Eio Grande during 
 the operations against the Mexican marauders under Cortinas. Ee 
 was promoted a captain June 28, 1SG0, but continued to serve on 
 the Rio Grande, and did not join his company at Fort Mason until 
 the 24th of November, 18G0. He was at San Francisco when the 
 States in rebellion began to pass their ordinances of secession, and 
 at once proceeded to Washington, where he relinquished his leaveof 
 absence on the 22d of July, 1861. He was appointed a mustering 
 
342 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 officer and inspector of cavalry, and assisted in raising the Sixth 
 Pennsylvania Cavalry, mustered the officers and men into the 
 service, assisted in organizing, equipping, and drilling the regi- 
 ment, and on the 11th of September, 1861, was appointed 
 lieutenant-colonel of that regiment, and served as such until Feb- 
 ruary 3, 1862, when he was mustered out of volunteer service. 
 
 He rejoined the regiment in the defenses of Washington 
 on the 15th of February, 1862, where he served until the 10th of 
 March, when he marched with the Army of the Potomac, and 
 four days later participated in the skirmish at Cedar Run, Ya. 
 
 He participated in the Virginia Peninsular campaign of 1862, 
 and when at Fort Monroe, en route to Yorktown, was prostrated 
 by typhoid fever. He rejoined his company, on the 5th of June, 
 at White House, Va., and on the afternoon of the 27th succeeded 
 .to the command of the regiment at the battle of Gaines's Mill. 
 He was engaged in the battle of Savage Station, the skirmish in 
 the White Oak Swamp, and the battle of Malvern Hill, and 
 retained the command of the regiment until the 12th of August, 
 and marched from Harrison's Landing to Williamsburg, and thence 
 by the way of York to Washington, where he arrived a few days 
 before the battle of Antietam and suffered a relapse of typhoid 
 fever. It was apparent that he could not endure the exposures 
 and hardships of field-service, and he was assigned, on the 6th of 
 October, to mustering duty at Philadelphia, where he served until 
 February, 1863, when he was again prostrated by a severe illness, 
 from which he did not recover until the next July, when he was 
 assigned to duty at Milwaukee as an assistant commissary of musters. 
 
 He was promoted a major in the Third Cavalry September 25, 
 1863, and was retired from active service November 2, 1863, for 
 disability resulting from sickness and exposure in the line of duty. 
 He continued on duty at Milwaukee until January, 1861, when he 
 was assigned to recruiting service, and had stations at Chicago 
 and Dayton until May, 1866, when he was relieved, at his own 
 request, because of continued ill-health. He was assigned, in 
 September, 1867, to reconstruction duty in the Carolinas, where 
 he served on general courts-martial and military commissions until 
 November, 1867, when he was again relieved, at his own request, 
 and proceeded to his home in Chicago, where he has since lived in 
 quiet retirement. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 343 
 
 14. Charles W. Field was born in Woodford County, Ky. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of 
 July, is 111, and assigned to the Second Dragoons (present Second 
 Cavalry) us a brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that 
 regiment, a second lieutenant June 30,1851. He was stationed 
 at Carlisle until the spring of 1850, when he was transferred to 
 frontier duty and served in New Mexico, Texas, and Kansas until 
 1855. lie was appointed regimental quartermaster of the Second 
 Dragoons on the 9th of September, 1853, and was serving in that 
 position at Fort Leavenworth when he was appointed a first lieu- 
 tenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 
 1855. 
 
 lie joined the regiment at Jefferson Barracks on the 15th of 
 May, where he had station until the 17th of August, when he was 
 assigned to recruiting service at Cincinnati. He marched with 
 the regiment on the 27th of October for Texas, and arrived at 
 Fort Mason January 14, 185G, where he served until the 9th of 
 June, when he was assigned to recruiting service at Carlisle, and 
 on the 13th of September he was transferred to the Military 
 Academy as an assistant instructor of cavalry tactics, and con- 
 tinued on that duty until March 10, 1861, when he was promoted 
 a captain, to date from January 31, 1861. He joined his com- 
 pany at Carlisle and served at Camp Union, Va., until the 22d 
 of May, when he availed himself of a leave of absence and after- 
 wards tendered his resignation, which was accepted May 30, 1861. 
 He entered the Confederate service as a captain in the regular 
 cavalry and was assigned to the command of the cavalry school at 
 Ashland, near Eichmond. He was soon promoted a major and 
 then a lieutenant-colonel, and in Sepi ember, 1801, was appointed 
 colonel of the Sixth Virginia Cavalry and organized the regiment 
 during the winter of 18(31-62 at Manassas, where it formed a part 
 of General Stewart's cavalry corps. He was appointed a brigadier- 
 genera] on the 9th of March, 18C2, and assigned to the command 
 of the Rappahannock District, and met General Augur in a skirmish 
 at the head of General McDowell's advance upon Fredericksburg in 
 April, 1862. lb' was subsequently withdrawn to the Chicka- 
 hominv River in time to participate in the seven days' battles 
 around Richmond, his brigade leading in the attack at Mechanics- 
 ville on the 26th of June, 1862, and initiating that series of grand 
 
344 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 contests. Ho was engaged in the battles of Cedar Mountain and in 
 the second Bull Run, where he was desperately wounded, being shot 
 through the hips and confined to his bed for a year, and compelled 
 to use crutches until January, 1864, and he has not yet fully 
 recovered from the effect of the Around. He was appointed a 
 major-general in February, 1864, and assigned to the command of 
 General Hood's old division in General Long-street's corps, which 
 was then in East Tennessee, and whence it marched in time to 
 participate in the battle of the Wilderness, where it was conspicuous 
 in restoring the Confederate right wing after General Lee, in a 
 moment of intense excitement, had indicated his purpose to lead 
 the Texas brigade (a part of the division) in a charge to recover 
 the lost ground and re-establish his right flank. During the 
 summer of 1864, after the tAvo armies had taken positions at Peters- 
 burg, he Avas assigned with his division to the north side of the 
 James River, and continued to hold the extreme left of the Con- 
 federate line from Chapin's Bluff to New Market Heights until the 
 retreat was begun on the 1st of April, 18G5. During this period 
 many hotly-contested battles and engagements took place on his 
 side of the river, particularly during August, 1864, when General 
 Grant was making persistent efforts to reach Richmond. He 
 repulsed a determined attack on his line on the 14th, but not 
 until the National troops had forced a passage through two 
 brigades in his centre, which for a moment seemed to open a clear 
 road to Richmond. It Avas a critical success and admitted by the 
 Confederates to have rescued Richmond from almost certain cap- 
 ture. A few days later he commanded the troops in a severe 
 engagement at Deep Bottom, and later in the year he had three 
 battles with General Butler, Avho commanded the National forces 
 on the north side of the James River. In the first he assaulted 
 the National Avorks, the other two were initiated by General Butler, 
 and in each instance the assaulting force Avas repulsed with severe 
 loss. When General Grant made his final and successful attack on 
 Petersburg, General Field arrived at the city in time to assist in 
 covering the Confederate retreat, and from that time until the 
 surrender at Appomattox Court-House his division, although daily 
 engaged and surrounded by defeated and demoralized command.--. 
 Avas steady, ready, and willing. Its exceptional conduct is scarcely 
 known, because no Confederate reports of the retreat were written ; 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 345 
 
 but those who observed its movements during the time thai it 
 served as the rear-guard speak of it now as the only thoroughly 
 organized and effective body of troops remaining in the Army of 
 Northern Virginia, lie surrendered, on the 9th of April, 1865, 
 more than half the entire infantry of that army — in fact, his 
 division was all that General Longstreet had to command during 
 the closing scenes attending the surrender, and some of the most 
 magnificent fighting of the war was accomplished by the division 
 during these eventful April days, and it passed out of existence, 
 having made a superb record for courage and discipline. 
 
 lie engaged in business as a commission merchant at Baltimore, 
 where he lived until 18G8. He then removed to Georgia and was 
 engaged in business pursuits until July, 1875, when he entered the 
 service of the Khedive as a colonel of the staff (having been 
 appointed on the recommendation of General Sherman), and was 
 the inspector-general of the Egyptian army of invasion during the 
 Abyssinian War. Upon his return to Cairo he was decorated by 
 the Sultan of Turkey, through the Khedive, with the order 
 of Grand Commander of the Medjidie. He returned to the 
 United States in the summer of 1877, and on the 18th of April, 
 1878, was elected doorkeeper of the House of Representatives of 
 the Forty-sixth Congress, and he commanded the fourth mili- 
 tary division in Washington, D. C, at the ceremonies attending 
 the inauguration of the President-elect of the United States on the 
 4th of March, 1881. 
 
 15. Kenxee Gaeeaed was born in Kentucky in 1827. He 
 was prepared for college and entered the freshman's class at 
 Harvard University, and pursued the regular academic course 
 until the end of his sophomore year in 1847, when he withdrew to 
 enter the Military Academy, from which he was graduated on the 
 1st of July, 1851, and assigned to the Fourth Artillery as a brevet 
 second lieutenant, and was transferred in that grade to the hirst 
 Dragoons (now First Cavalry), February 20, 1852, and was pro- 
 moted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant October 31, 1853. 
 He joined in December, 1851, and served at Fort Mifflin, Pa., 
 until he was transferred to the Dragoons, when he was ordered to 
 
346 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 New Mexico, and served at Fort Conrad and Albuquerque until 
 1853, when he was assigned to topographical service with the 
 Southern Pacific Kailway surveys from Dona Ana, N. M., to 
 Preston, Texas. Upon the completion of this duty he was trans- 
 ferred to Jefferson Barracks, where, after a brief service, he was 
 sent to Carlisle as a cavalry instructor, and thence on recruiting 
 service to Cincinnati, where he was stationed when appointed a 
 first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Louisville, Ky., and was appointed 
 adjutant April 20, 1855, and continued to serve in that position 
 until May 31, 1858, and marched with the regiment from Jefferson 
 Barracks to Texas, where he also served as acting assistant 
 adjutant-general of the Department of Texas, then commanded 
 by Colonel Albert S. Johnston. He resigned his position as 
 regimental adjutant to accept a detail on recruiting service, the 
 duties of which he discharged until January, 1861, when he 
 rejoined the regiment at Camp Cooper. He was detained at that 
 station by sickness when the orders were received directing the 
 withdrawal of the troops from Texas. When he was able to travel 
 he made arrangements to go North, and while en route for that 
 purpose was detained at San Antonio by Department Headquarters, 
 and because of this detention was captured by the insurgents on the 
 12th of April, 1861, and paroled as a prisoner of war, not to serve 
 in the field until he was formally exchanged. He then made his 
 way with great difficulty to Washington, carrying with him twenty 
 thousand dollars in government funds which he had succeeded in 
 hiding from the insurgents, and turned it into the Treasury. It 
 Avas urged by some that his parole, having been exacted by an 
 irresponsible armed force, was not binding; but he insisted that 
 the only proper settlement of the affair was to exchange him in 
 accordance with its conditions, as the Texas troops had been 
 incorporated into the Confederate army. This was finally ac- 
 complished on the 27th of August, 18G2. Meanwhile he had 
 received his promotion to a captaincy in the regiment, to date 
 from February 27, 1SG1, and was employed until September of 
 that year in the office of the commissary-general, when lie was 
 assigned to the Military Academy as an assistant instructor of 
 cavalry, and continued in the discharge of the duties of the posi- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 347 
 
 tion until December. ISO], when lie was appointed commandant 
 
 of the Corps of Cadets (with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel) 
 and instructor of artillery, cavalry, and infantry tactics. lie con- 
 tinued on duty at the Military Academy until officially informed 
 that he had been exchanged and was discharged from his parole, 
 when he entered the field in October, 1862, as colonel of the One 
 Hundred and Forty-sixth New York Volunteers, and participated 
 in the Rappahannock and Pennsylvania campaigns, and was engaged 
 in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and 
 other engagements of less importance, notably the pursuit of the 
 enemy to Warrenton in July, 1803, and the Rapidan campaign, 
 including the combat at Rappahannock station and the Mine- 
 Run operations, October-December, 1803. Ho succeeded General 
 Weed (killed at Gettysburg) in the command of the Third Brigade 
 of General Sykes's division. He was made a brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, to date from July 2, 18G3, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Gettysburg ; was appointed a brigadier- 
 general of volunteers July 23, 1863, for gallantry at Gettysburg, 
 and was promoted a major in the Third Cavalry November 2, 
 1863. He was assigned, in December, 1863, to the charge of the 
 Cavalry Bureau at Washington, but after a brief service was 
 relieved, at his own request, to take command of the Second 
 Cavalry Division of the Army of the Cumberland, and thereafter 
 participated in the operations about Chattanooga and in the prin- 
 cipal movements and operations of the Atlanta campaign, and 
 was continuously employed on detached expeditions and was in 
 frequent combats and engagements with the enemy. His name is 
 often mentioned by General Sherman in his " Memoirs," and 
 only once does he find any fault with his movements, which in this 
 instance arose from what he considered " the cautious pursuit of 
 Garrard's cavalry" at the Chattahoochee on the 3d of July, 1864. 
 He was made a brevet colonel, to date from July 22, 1861, for 
 gallant and meritorious services in the expedition to Covington, 
 Ga. He participated in the pursuit of General Hood's army from 
 Dalton to Rome, Ga., and in December, 1861, he was assigned to 
 the command of the Second Division of the Sixteenth Army Corps, 
 and was engaged in the battle of Nashville, where, being on the lefl 
 of General Mc Arthur's division, he carried the enemy's entrench- 
 ments in his front and captured all the troops and artillery on 
 
318 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the line. He was made a brevet major-general of volunteers, to 
 date from December 15, 1801, and a brevet brigadier-general, to 
 date from March 13, 1865, for conspicuous gallantry and efficiency 
 at the battle of Nashville. 
 
 He was transferred in the spring of 1SG5 to the South-west, 
 and participated in the operations against Mobile and the siege of 
 Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. He led the successful storming 
 party in the assault upon the latter fortification, where he was 
 distinguished for conspicuous gallantry. He then participated 
 in the movement to Montgomery, where he served until August, 
 1S65, and commanded thereafter the District of Mobile until 
 September, when he was mustered out of volunteer service, to 
 date from August 21, 1805. He was then assigned as acting 
 assistant inspector-general of the Department of the Missouri, 
 where he served until the 9th of November, 18G6, when he 
 resigned his commission and retired to private life, having pre- 
 viously received the brevet of major-general, to date from March 
 13/1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the field during 
 the war of the Rebellion. When he was a captain in the regi- 
 ment he compiled and published " Nolan's System for Training 
 Cavalry Horses," which was accepted as an authority in the 
 army. 
 
 He settled at Cincinnati, full of the honors of war, and assumed 
 the duties of a citizen and lived a quiet life for thirteen years. 
 He was chairman of the Flatting Commission and a member of 
 the Sewerage Board, where he performed valuable services, his 
 training having peculiarly fitted him for the duties of the positions. 
 He framed the bill organizing the Board of Fublic Works. He 
 was elected in 1874, by the Chamber of Commerce, one of the 
 Commissioners of the Fifth Industrial Exposition, and he was 
 chairman of the Committee on Space. He was a member of the 
 Musical Association, and had charge, during the festivals of 1875 
 and 1878, of the buildings and the safety and comfort of the 
 audiences in attendance. He also served, in 1878, as a director 
 of the Harmonic Society. This brief resume of his career in civil 
 life shows how he identified himself with the interests of the city 
 of his adoption. He died at the Grand Hotel in that city on 
 the 15th of May, 1879, after three days' illness, of gangrene of 
 the bowels. When advised of approaching death he calmly 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 349 
 
 arranged his business, and, expressing complete resignation, quietly 
 passed from earthly scenes. 
 
 His death was a public bereavement, because be always exerted 
 a powerful influence for good, and this influence was a natural 
 growth from the best qualities of a pure character. He avoided 
 pretence and ostentation; his intimacies were few and his tastes 
 simple. It has been well written of him that he became distin- 
 guished in deserving estimation rather than in seeking it. 
 
 He was tall, handsome, and of more than common physical 
 vigor. His manners were remarkably epiiet, and his bearing was 
 so modest that those who were not informed of his record would 
 never have suspected him of possessing the high qualities of the 
 soldier which he displayed during the war of the Eebellion. His 
 kindness when deserved, personal care for the comforts of his men, 
 just discipline and discrimination in punishing evil-doers, gave his 
 command in the field a conspicuous excellence. The marked deli- 
 cacy and sense of honor which he displayed in insisting upon the 
 conditions of his parole, which was secured through treachery for 
 the purpose of leading him into the rebellion, Avas a key to his 
 principles of action throughout an honorable life and a successful 
 career. He would not accept the theory of well-meaning friends 
 that the means employed to secure his parole absolved him from 
 the obligations imposed, and he firmly declined to take any active 
 part in the war of the Rebellion until he was formally exchanged. 
 He then entered upon a brilliant career, and won rapid promotion 
 to the grade of a major-general on his superior merits in the field ; 
 and among the many names now adorning the pages of our 
 national history and covering the period of the war of the Eebel- 
 lion, that of Kenner Garrard shines forth as bright and clear as 
 the unclouded noonday sun. It required long intercourse, because 
 of his retiring nature, to understand his character. Even in 
 private life his influence Avas dwarfed by his modesty, yet those who 
 knew him best, and who were competent to judge a man at his true 
 value, recognized in his quiet administration of important public 
 trusts how capable and deserving ho Avas in the discharge of duty. 
 The estimate of his worth was the reverse of that usually applied 
 to men. It increased as men dreAV nearer to him and attained a 
 better insight into his character. 
 
 He merited gratitude and high honor at the hands of his 
 
350 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 countrymen. He lived without reproach ; and he made a record 
 which is worthy of a careful study by officers of the army who 
 have yet to win their laurels. 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss was horn in Virginia, and removed 
 in 1836 to Conyersville, Tenn., where he enrolled in May, 1816, in 
 Company E, First Tennessee Mounted Volunteers, for the Mexican 
 War, and was appointed (at the age of nineteen years) a second 
 lieutenant on the 15th of June at Nashville. He participated in 
 the siege of Vera Cruz and in the battles of Monterey and Cerro 
 Gordo, and was discharged with his regiment on the 31st of May, 
 1847, at New Orleans. He was appointed, in October, 1817, cap- 
 tain of Company C, Third Tennessee Volunteers, and served in 
 Mexico until the war was ended, when he returned to Memphis, 
 where he was discharged on the 21th of July, 1818. He was a 
 member of the legislature of Tennessee in 1853-51, and was engaged 
 in the practice of law at Pulaski, where his professional and busi- 
 ness prospects were most encouraging ; but having acquired while 
 in the volunteer service a strong attachment for the profession of 
 arms, he accepted an appointment as a first lieutenant in the Fifth 
 (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. 
 
 After a tour of recruiting service at Pulaski and Memphis he 
 joined his company at Jefferson Barracks on the 14th of Septem- 
 ber, and marched with the regiment to Fort Mason, Texas, where 
 he arrived in January, 1856, and served at that station and at 
 Camp Verde until May, 1858, when he was selected for recruiting 
 service, and served at Carlisle until October, 18G0, when he 
 returned to Texas with a detachment of recruits, and rejoined his 
 company at Camp Cooper in February, 1861. When the Texas 
 insurgents passed the ordinance of secession the station was sur- 
 rounded by five hundred State troops, who demanded the surrender 
 of the garrison. The command (less than two hundred men) was 
 cut off from all communication and in ignorance of the wishes or 
 intentions of the government. A forcible resistance would probably 
 cause bloodshed on both sides, while a surrender might cause the 
 loyalty of the garrison to be questioned. Lieutenant Chambliss, as 
 post adjutant, was in confidential relations with the commanding 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 351 
 
 officer, and lie advised a rejection of the demands of the insurgents 
 and tin; maintenance of the National authority until the receipt, of 
 the order of General Twiggs, which announced the surrender of 
 the department, when he urged a march to the coast with all 
 possible dispatch, in order to avoid the complications and difficul- 
 ties that would arise from a capture, and which it was the part of 
 wisdom to avoid. This course was pursued, and the command 
 marched to Indianola, where it embarked with the first detachmenl 
 of the regiment on the steamship Coatzacoalcos and sailed for New 
 York Harbor, and proceeded thence by the way of Carlisle to 
 ■Washington, where it arrived on the 17th of April. He has always 
 viewed with satisfaction his course in Texas and in all the early 
 stages of the secession movement, and never for one moment did 
 he hesitate to follow the line of conduct which duty and patriotism 
 alike enjoined upon him. 
 
 He was promoted a captain April G, 1861, and served at the 
 Capital until August, when he was detached for field-service on 
 the Upper Potomac. He returned to Washington in September, 
 and served in the defenses of the city during the winter of 18G1-G2, 
 and participated in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular cam- 
 paigns, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the skirmishes 
 near Lee's Mill and Warwick Creek, the battles of Williamsburg 
 and Hanover Court-House, and in the reconnaissance from Hano- 
 ver Court-House to Ashland, where, leading the advance, he drove 
 the enemy out of the town, burned the railroad-bridge over Stony 
 Creek, and destroyed the telegraph. He was continuously employed 
 on outpost and picket duty, and had entered upon a brilliant career, 
 which was abruptly terminated at Gaines's Mill, where, on the 
 27th of June, while gallantly leading his command in a charge, 
 lie was six times desperately wounded and left for dead on the 
 field, and was finally taken to Piichmond as a prisoner of war. He 
 was soon paroled and sent to St. Luke's Hospital m New York 
 City, and escaped death by a miracle ; but his constitution was too 
 much shattered for further service in the field, and he was assigned 
 to the Military Academy as an assistant instructor of cavalry tact ics, 
 and served in that position from October 23, 1862, to August 23, 
 1864, when he was transferred to the Military Division of the 
 Mississippi as a special inspector of cavalry, and served in that, 
 capacity until April, 18G5. He was made a brevet major, to date 
 
352 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 from May 4, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services in the action 
 at Warwick Creek ; a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from June 27, 
 18G2, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Gaines's 
 Mill; and was promoted a major in the Fourth Cavalry March 30, 
 18G4. He joined his regiment in Texas, where he served until 
 November 1, 1867, when he resigned his commission and returned 
 to civil pursuits. He has since lived at Cobourg, Canada, where 
 he is actively engaged in commercial pursuits, chiefly as the Presi- 
 dent and General Manager of the Cobourg, Peterboro and Mamosa 
 Railway and Mining Company of Canada. 
 
 18. Robert N. Eagle was born in New York. He served as 
 a volunteer in the war with Mexico, and was engaged in civil 
 pursuits in New York City when he was appointed, from Texas, 
 a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. 
 
 He was employed on recruiting service at St. Louis until the 
 7th of August, when he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, 
 where he had station until the 14th of September. He was then 
 sent to Smithfield, Ky., on recruiting service, and rejoined his 
 company on the 30th of October, then en route to Texas, and 
 arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 185G. He served at that 
 station until June, 1857, when he availed himself of a sick- 
 leave of absence until February, 1S58. He then reported at Car- 
 lisle, where he served until November, when he proceeded to 
 Texas and rejoined at Camp Radziminski in January, 1859, and 
 commanded his company until May, 1860. He was engaged in 
 the brilliant combat with hostile Comanches at Small Creek, a 
 tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, on the 13th of 
 May, 1859, and was commended in the official report for conspicu- 
 ous gallantry and energy, and complimented in orders by General 
 Scott. He served in the field from May, 1859, to May, I860, and 
 had temporary stations at the Brazos Agenc} r , Camp Cooper, and 
 Eagle Pass. He was then selected for recruiting service, and 
 served at Carlisle and New York City until November, 1861. He 
 was promoted a captain, to date from April 25, 1S61, and joined his 
 company in the defenses of Washington on the 8th of November, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 353 
 
 where lie served until the loth of January, 1862, when he resigned 
 his commission and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 19. William W. Lowe was born in Brown County, Indiana. 
 Ee was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1853, and assigned to the Second Dragoons (now Second Cavalry) 
 as a brevet second lieutenant, and served at Carlisle until he was 
 appointed a second lieutenant in the First Dragoons (now First 
 Cavalry), October 22, 185-1, when he was transferred to Jefferson 
 Barracks and employed on recruiting service until he was appointed 
 a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date 
 from March 3, 1855. 
 
 After a tour of regimental recruiting service and purchasing 
 horses at Cincinnati he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks 
 on the 18th of August, and marched with the regiment to Texas, 
 and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 185G. He was promoted 
 a first lieutenant December 1, 1856, and appointed adjutant of the 
 regiment May 31, 1858, and held the position until he was pro- 
 moted a captain, May 9, 18G1. 
 
 He experienced the usual career of a cavalry officer on the 
 frontier, and was employed in garrison duties at Camps Cooper and 
 Sabinal and Forts Inge, Belknap, and Mason, and in field opera- 
 tions against hostile Indians, and was commended in orders from 
 the headquarters of the army for good conduct in a combat, Au- 
 gust 26, 1860, on the Salt Branch of the Brazos River. 
 
 When Texas was surrendered to the insurgents he secured the 
 regimental records and marched with Captain Johnson's command 
 from Fort Mason to Indianola, where he embarked with the 
 second detachment of the regiment on the steamship Empire City 
 just in time to escape capture, and sailed for New York Harbor, 
 whence he proceeded by the way of Carlisle to Washington, where 
 he joined his company and served in the defenses of the city, and 
 participated in the Manassas campaign of 1861, and was engaged 
 in the battle of Bull Run, where he Avon the commendation of his 
 brigade commander for daring intrepidity, and the compliments of 
 the New York Tribune for conspicuous services in covering the 
 retreat of the National army from that field. 
 
 He was appointed colonel of the Fifth Iowa Cavalry, to date 
 
354 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 from December 5, 1SG1, and was employed at St. Louis until 
 February, 1862, in organizing, equipping, and drilling his regiment. 
 He then participated in the Tennessee campaign, and was assigned, 
 after the fall of Fort Donelson and when the army moved to 
 Pittsburg Landing, to the command of Forts Heiman, Henry, and 
 Donelson. When the National army afterwards occupied Nashville 
 the only reliable line of communication was the Cumberland Elver, 
 and Fort Donelson became a very irritating obstacle in the way of . 
 the enemy, and General Van Dorn sent a message to Colonel 
 Lowe that he was coming down to capture his command ; but he 
 did not come. The enemy, however, under Generals Wheeler 
 and Forrest, made an assault upon Fort Donelson on the 26th of 
 August, and were handsomely repulsed with a heavy loss. Colonel 
 Lowe was at Fort Henry at the time, and upon being informed of 
 the assault moved with six companies of cavalry, four companies of 
 infantry, and one field-gun to Fort Donelson, and thence to the 
 Cumberland Iron- Works, where he overtook and defeated the 
 enemy, and was commended for his promptness and judgment. 
 He commanded the National forces in a movement having for 
 its object the recapture of Clarksville, Tenn., which had just 
 surrendered to the Confederates, and was used as a rendezvous 
 for guerrillas, and engaged the enemy near the town on the 7th 
 of September, where he won a signal victory and frustrated an 
 attempt to destroy the Eed Kiver bridge. He occupied the town 
 during the night, destroyed a large quantity of forage, captured 
 a number of horses and a supply of commissary stores. He was 
 complimented in the Cincinnati Commercial account of the affair 
 as "prudent, cautious, and brave." His complete success aroused 
 the ire of the citizens, who addressed a remonstrance to General 
 Grant, in which they denounced a system of warfare which 
 captured and destroyed private property, and asked that they 
 might be informed if such was the adopted policy; while the 
 enemy accused him of wanton cruelties and depredations, and he 
 was threatened with the penalty of not being exchanged, if cap- 
 tured, and an order to that effect was issued by the Confederate 
 War Department. The documents read like the productions of 
 that period, before the insurgents recognized the truth that those 
 who have sown the wind shall reap the whirlwind. His name was 
 in the first considerable list of brigadier-generals of volunteers 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 355 
 
 nominated to the Senate early in November, 1862, but the opposi- 
 tion of a United States Senator from Iowa defeated his confirmation. 
 This unexpected adverse action did not influence his conduct in 
 any degree, and he continued to discharge his duties in such a 
 manner as to win the cordial approval of his superiors. 
 
 lie participated in the cavalry operations in Middle Tennessee, 
 North Alabama, and Georgia, and commanded a brigade, and later 
 the Third Division Cavalry Corps from March, 1863, to July, 1864, 
 and was frequently engaged with the enemy, and won the brevet of 
 major, to date from October 9, 18G3, for gallant and meritorious 
 services in the cavalry engagement near Chickamauga, and the 
 brevet of lieutenant-colonel, to date from December 15, 1863, for 
 gallant and meritorious services in the cavalry action near Ilunts- 
 ville. He was recommended, in May or June, 1863, by Generals 
 Thomas and Eosecrans for appointment as a brigadier-general of 
 volunteers, and after the battle of Chickamauga General Thomas 
 was instructed to forward to the Secretary of War the names of 
 such officers as he desired to have promoted, and the appointments 
 would be made. Colonel Lowe was one of five officers selected, 
 but he was ignored, while the other four were appointed. The 
 causes which led to these refusals to promote a deserving officer, 
 who had been recommended by those who were fully competent to 
 estimate a man at his true value, demand a brief mention. 
 
 It was charged by some of the Iowa newspapers that he had pre- 
 vented the men of his regiment from voting for State officers at the 
 annual elections of 1862 and 1863. It had been shown that the 
 failure to vote in 1862 was an unintentional omission, and that the 
 regiment did not have an opportunity to vote in 1863, as it was en- 
 gaged, on the day designated by law for that purpose, in pursuing 
 and fighting the enemy. Colonel Lowe, then commanding the First 
 Brigade (composed of seven regiments, and one of the largest in the 
 service) of the Second Cavalry Division, was encamped on Elk 
 River, en route from Murfreesboro to Bellefonte, when he was 
 ordered to effect, if possible, a junction with General Crook, who 
 was in pursuit of the enemy's cavalry, which had crossed the river 
 above Chattanooga. He moved on the 7th of October, marched 
 forty miles that day, fought and defeated the enemy during the 
 afternoon, and pushed ahead the next day ten miles beyond 
 Shelby ville, where he joined General Crook and learned that the 
 
356 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 enemy had been engaged and was then retreating. He pursued 
 on the 9th and overtook the rear-guard about ten o'clock a.m. 
 with his regiment in the advance, and an engagement followed, 
 towards the end of which the Fifth Iowa Cavalry made a brilliant 
 sabre-charge and drove the enemy in every direction, when the 
 pursuit was renewed and continued until nightfall. He then 
 turned and pursued General Eoddy's command until the 11th, 
 and from that date until the 29th his brigade was constantly 
 marching. The State commissioner appointed to receive the vote 
 of the Fifth Iowa Cavalry was with the command when the order 
 arrived for this movement, and was invited to accompany the regi- 
 ment, being promised if he did so that he would have a chance to 
 see how well the regiment could fight. Colonel Lowe offered him 
 every facility within his power to induce him to accompany the 
 regiment for the purpose of obtaining the votes of the men at the 
 proper time, but he declined the invitation, giving as a reason that 
 he was not in good health and riding did not agree with him. 
 When he was subsequently asked to refute these slanders he ac- 
 knowledged that he had been kindly received and admitted all the 
 material facts. The Davenport (Iowa) Weekly Gazette of Decem- 
 ber 3, 18G3, published a complete vindication of Colonel Lowe 
 against these malicious slanders, which was signed by Major 
 Young for himself and all the members of the regiment, and in 
 which were stated the facts as already narrated. 
 
 General Thomas was very active in his efforts to secure the 
 promotion of Colonel Lowe, and wrote on the 18th of November, 
 1863, that he regarded him as " an able, patriotic, and deserving- 
 officer," and expressed his regrets that he was not promoted in 
 November, 1862, and referred in the highest terms to his gallant 
 conduct and valuable services under General Crook in the pursuit 
 of the Confederate cavalry during their raid on the Nashville and 
 Chattanooga Railroad ; and again, on the 11th of February, 1861, he 
 wrote as follows: " I recommended him for promotion to the Sec- 
 retary of War (by telegraph) for his efficiency and energy while in 
 command of the troops stationed at Forts Henry and Donelson in 
 1862 and the spring of 1863, and also for the zeal and intelligence 
 displayed by him in disciplining, and caring for the wants of, his 
 brigade." He was also recommended for promotion by General 
 Rosecrans upon the petition of the officers of his regiment, and 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 357 
 
 General Thomas endorsed the recommendation, that lie would be 
 very glad to have him promoted, because lie had earned advance- 
 ment by an intelligent management of the command intrusted to 
 him, and because of his constant devotion to his duties and the 
 important service rendered by him in behalf of the government. 
 Before all this General Grant had recommended him for promo- 
 tion. 
 
 When these newspaper attacks were made upon Colonel Lowe 
 he was commanding, in the absence of General Crook, the Second 
 Cavalry Division of the Army of the Tennessee, and his brilliant 
 services as a faithful and gallant soldier who had discharged his 
 whole duty to the government were deserving of a substantial 
 acknowledgment from those who were then dispensing the gifts of 
 the nation. 
 
 He was serving with his regiment at Nashville when he was 
 summoned, on the 2d of April, 1864, to Chattanooga to command 
 and reorganize the Third Cavalry Division of the Army of the 
 Cumberland, then composed of nine regiments and a battery of 
 artillery ; but the vacancy in the command not occurring as 
 was expected, he returned on the 25th to Nashville, as there 
 was no suitable command for him. lie subsequently relieved 
 General Kilpatrick (who was wounded) of the command of the 
 division, and retained it until July 22, 1861, and participated in 
 the operations about Atlanta during the summer of 1861, and 
 successfully held Adairsville, Carterville, and Kingston, where he 
 was conspicuous for important services. He was also employed in 
 maintaining communications between Generals Thomas and Alc- 
 Pherson during the pursuit of the enemy from Resaca to Cassville, 
 and when General Johnston began the movement to Allatoona 
 he was sent to the rear to protect the railroad. When General 
 Kilpatrick returned to the command of the division at Carterville, 
 Ga., he wrote a letter to the chief of cavalry of the Army of 
 the Cumberland, dated July 22, 1861, saying : " I find the division 
 in good condition and much improved during my absence, for 
 which Colonel Lowe deserves great credit." 
 
 He was then ordered to Nashville for the purpose of remount- 
 ing the cavalry of the Armies of the Cumberland, Tennessee, and 
 Ohio, and on January 13, 1865, his regiment was transferred from 
 the Sixth to the Fourth Division, and he relinquished the com- 
 
358 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 maud of the Second Brigade of the Sixth Cavalry Division of the 
 Military Division of the Mississippi, and was mustered out of vol- 
 unteer service, at his own request, on the 24th of January, 18G5. 
 He was then assigned as acting assistant provost-marshal-general, 
 superintendent of Volunteer Eecrui ting Service, and chief mustering 
 and disbursing officer for Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Dakota, 
 and was thus employed at Fort Leavenworth from the lGth of 
 March, 18G5, to the 30th of July, 18G6, when he availed himself of a 
 leave of absence and rejoined his regiment at Nashville in October. 
 He was promoted, in November, a major in the Sixth Cavalry, to 
 date from July 31, 18GG, and was on duty in California and on 
 waiting orders until November, 1867, when he reported at New 
 Orleans, where he was employed on general court-martial duty 
 until May, 1869, when he was granted a leave of absence for one 
 year, and, without joining his regiment, tendered his resignation, 
 which was accepted June 22, 1869. 
 
 He was made a brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, a brevet 
 colonel, and a brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the field during the 
 war of the Eebellion. 
 
 He has since resided at Omaha, Neb., and has been actively 
 engaged in business pursuits, chiefly real estate in that city, mining 
 operations in Utah, and as treasurer of the Omaha Smelting and 
 Eefining Works. During the year 1880 he organized a company 
 upon mining properties in Idaho, built smelting-works at Salmon 
 Eiver, and is now the general manager and treasurer of the com- 
 pany. 
 
 20. James E. Harrison was born in Virginia in 1832. He 
 was a second lieutenant in the United States Eevenue Service, 
 1853-56,* and participated, as a volunteer, in an Indian campaign 
 in Washington Territory, October-December, 1855, and was engaged 
 in combats on White and Green rivers on the 4th and 5th of 
 November, and was on duty near Lieutenant Slaughter when that 
 officer was killed on the night of December 4, 1855. He conducted 
 the remaining men (fifty-one) of Slaughter's command to Fort 
 
 *IIe was presented with a silver goblet by the citizens of Charleston, S. C, in January, 
 1*51, in appreciation of his valuable services and courageous bearing while attempting to rescue 
 the officers and men of the revenue cutter Hamilton, which was wrecked December 9, 1853. 
 
MILITARY EECOHDS OF OFFICERS. 359 
 
 Steilacoom, and was specially commended in orders for conspicuous 
 gallantry during the campaign. The Secretary of the Treasury was 
 officially informed, by a letter dated December 23, 1855, that Lieu- 
 tenant Harrison had acted with great coolness and bravery in two 
 encounters with the enemy, and that his conduct was deserving of 
 high praise. 
 
 He was appointed, from the District of Columbia, as a reward 
 for gallant and valuable services in Washington Territory, a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 June 27, 185G, and joined at Camp Cooper, Texas, in December, 
 where he had station until June, 1858, when he was transferred to 
 Fort Belknap, and thence to Camp Kadziminski for service with 
 the Wichita expedition of 1858, and participated in the brilliant 
 action at Wichita Village on the 1st of October, where he killed 
 two warriors in hand-to-hand conflicts, and was commended in or- 
 ders from the headquarters of the army for conspicuous gallantry. 
 He participated in the brilliant action at Small Creek, a tributary 
 of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, May 13, 1859, and won a 
 mention in the official report for conspicuous gallantry, and was 
 complimented in orders by General Scott. 
 
 He was on a leave of absence from June, 1859, to February, 
 18G0, when he rejoined his company at Eagle Pass, where he had 
 station until September, when he availed himself of another leave 
 of absence and rejoined at Einggold Barracks in January, 1861, 
 and was commanding his company at Camp Cooper when Texas 
 was surrendered to the insurgents. He marched from that station 
 to Indianola, where he embarked with the first detachment of the 
 regiment on the steamship Coatzacoalcos and sailed for New York 
 Harbor, and proceeded thence to Washington, where he arrived on 
 the 17th of April, 1861. 
 
 He was offered many inducements, in the way of promotion and 
 rapid advancement, to resign his commission and join the rebellion 
 against the United States, but he never for one moment hesitated 
 concerning the line of conduct which duty and patriotism alike 
 enjoined upon him. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant February 27, 1861, and a 
 captajn May 30, 1801, and served in the defenses of AVashington 
 and at Fall's Church, Va., until about the 1st of July, when he 
 participated in the Manassas campaign, and was engaged in the 
 
360 MILITAEY RECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 battle of Bull Run, where he won the commendation of his brigade 
 commander for daring intrepidity and gallantry in action and for 
 valuable services during the retreat of the National army, lie 
 served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1861-62, 
 and participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Mary- 
 land campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, 
 the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in almost 
 daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Rich- 
 mond ; the battle of Hanover Court-House, where he captured two 
 companies of Confederate infantry and won a special mention in 
 the report of General McClellan for gallant conduct ; the recon- 
 naissances towards Ashland and the White House (commanding 
 five companies); the skirmish near St. Mary's Church (command- 
 ing); with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of 
 the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, and in the 
 Vattles of South Mountain and Antietam. 
 
 He commanded the regiment from the 19th of September to 
 the 28th of November, 1802 ; from the 28th of December, 1862, to 
 the 19th of March, 1803 ; and from the 1st of April to the 13th of 
 June, 1803, and was engaged in the skirmish near Shepherdstown, 
 the engagement near Halltown, the skirmishes at TJpperville, 
 Markham's Station, Barbee's Cross-Roads, and Amissville, and 
 tbe reconnaissance near Falmouth. He participated in General 
 Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April-May, 1803, during the 
 progress of which he prevented, by a brilliant act of strategy, the 
 capture of the regiment at Fleming's Cross-Roads ; and in the 
 battle of Beverly Ford, where he was distinguished for gallantry. 
 
 His successful career during these operations gave promise of a 
 brilliant future, but the exposures of field-service, and a sunstroke 
 received just after the battle of Beverly Ford, from which he 
 never fully recovered, proved too severe for his constitution, and 
 he was compelled to accept less active service at Portland, Maine, 
 where he had station until December, 1803, and commanded, as a 
 volunteer, the troops on board the gunboat Agawam, which was 
 dispatched in pursuit of the steamer Chesapeake, captured by 
 pirates on the 9th of December. His services were recognized as 
 very valuable in every way, and more particularly because of the 
 many difficulties which were encountered and his promptness and 
 energy in overcoming them. He served in the Cavalry Bureau at 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 361 
 
 Washington from January to July, 1864, when he was appointed a 
 Bpecial inspector of cavalry and employed in the Department of 
 Arkansas until January, 1865. He was then transferred to the 
 
 Military Division of West Mississippi, where he served until June, 
 1SG7, when rapidly failing health compelled him to return to his 
 home in Washington, D. C, where he died of consumption on the 
 4th of November, 18G7. 
 
 He was made a brevet major, to date from May 27, 1SG2, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Hanover Court- 
 House, and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from September 
 17, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of 
 Antietam. 
 
 He was offered positions early in the war in two volunteer 
 regiments— one from New York, the other from Pennsylvania— 
 either of which he would have accepted but for the influence of 
 the chief of cavalry, who opposed an acceptance on the ground that 
 his services were more urgently required with his regiment, because 
 so few officers were serving with the regular cavalry. Later in the 
 war he would have gladly accepted a volunteer commission, but 
 these were then bestowed by the governors upon the citizens of 
 their States, while he, claiming a home in the District of Columbia, 
 had no State influence and knew nothing of the intricacies of 
 political methods. 
 
 21. Wesley Owexs was born in Ohio in 1832. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1850, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined at Fort Clark, Texas, on the 9th of December, 
 and at once volunteered for field-service, and participated on the 
 21st in a combat with a band of Muscalero Apaches near the Rio 
 Grande, where the savages were routed with a severe loss and 
 driven across the river into Mexico. He served at Forts Clark 
 and Mcintosh until May, 1858, and defeated a band of Li pans and 
 Oomanches near Salamonana on the 15th of November, 1857, and 
 compelled them to abandon the vicinity of Laredo, where they had 
 been committing depreciations. 
 
 He participated in the concentration of the regiment at Fort 
 Belknap for the purpose of marching to Fort Leavenworth, but 
 
362 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 when the order was revoked lie was assigned to Camp Hudson, 
 where lie arrived in August, 1858, and had station until April, 
 1859, when he participated in Captain Brackett's march over 
 the Great Comanche trail and in the subsequent movement into 
 Chihuahua, and was engaged in the combat at the Presidio de San 
 Vicente, May 2, 185 ( J. He participated, during the summer of 
 1859, in Captain Stoneman's reconnaissance towards the Upper 
 Pecos River and through the Guadalupe Mountains to Fort 
 Stanton, N. M. He then served at Camps Ives and Verde and on 
 the Rio Grande until October, 1S60, and was twice commended in 
 orders from the headquarters of the army for good conduct in 
 engagements with hostile Indians. 
 
 He served at the Military Academy as an assistant instructor 
 of Spanish from November 9, 1860, to September 3, 1861, when 
 he was appointed an assistant instructor of cavalry tactics, and 
 served in that position until October 23, 1861, when he was 
 relieved and joined the regiment in the defenses of Washington. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant March 21, 1861, and a 
 captain January 15, 1862, and was employed as an acting assistant 
 adjutant-general of Maryland volunteers from December 23, 1861, 
 to March 8, 1862, when lie rejoined the regiment and participated 
 in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and 
 was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, 
 the battles of Williamsburg (on the staff of Brigadier-General Edwin 
 V. Sumner) and Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards 
 the "White House, and in the operations of the seven days' battles 
 before Richmond (was cut off from the main army), including the 
 skirmishes near Sycamore Church (commanding) and White Oak 
 Swamp, the reconnaissance to Malvern Hill (commanding), the 
 reconnaissance to Burnt Bridge (commanding), with the regiment 
 as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during 
 the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain 
 and Antietam, the skirmishes near Shepherdstown and Halltown, 
 the reconnaissance to Halltown (commanding), the skirmishes 
 near Union and Upperville, and the actions at Markham's Station, 
 Barbee's Cross-Roads, and Amissville. He commanded the regi- 
 ment from November 28 to December 28, 1862, and was. employed 
 on the right flank of the National army at the battle of Freder- 
 icksburg. He was appointed an assistant inspector-general with 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 303 
 
 the rank of lieutenant-colonel, to date from January 1, 1863, and 
 assigned to the Third Army Corps, and served in thai position 
 until March 23, 1808, and was engaged in the battle of Kelly's 
 Ford. He then resumed the command of the regiment, which he 
 retained until the 1st of April, when he rejoined his company 
 and participated in General Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, 
 April-May, 1803, and while gallantly leading a charge at Fleming's 
 Cross-Roads was captured and sent to Richmond. lie was soon 
 paroled and assigned to Hartford, Conn., as an inspector in the 
 provost-marshal-general's office, where he served from June 8, 1863, 
 to March 15, 1864, when he was appointed acting assistant provost- 
 marshal for Rhode Island and served at Providence until September 
 19, 1864. He was then assigned to the Military Academy as princi- 
 pal assistant professor of Spanish, and discharged the duties of the 
 office from September 21, 1804, to January 24, 1865. He then 
 served as assistant in the provost-marshal-general's office at Wash- 
 ington from the 1st of February to the 12th of May, 18G5, when 
 he was appointed colonel of the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, and served 
 in Western Virginia until June 30, 1805, when he was mustered 
 out of volunteer service. He commanded the regiment at Cumber- 
 land, Md., and Washington from September 19, 1865, to March 5, 
 1866, and was employed on general court-martial duty at Annapolis, 
 Md., until the 24th of June, when he returned to Washington, 
 where he had station until November 25, 1866. He then availed 
 himself of a sick-leave of absence and proceeded to California, and 
 was on duty at the headquarters of the Military Division of the 
 Pacific when he died, of consumption, at Suisun City on the 11th 
 of August, 1867. 
 
 He was made a brevet major, to date from May 27, 1S62, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Hanover Court- 
 House, and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the 
 Rebellion. 
 
 22. Abraham K. Arnold was born in Pennsylvania. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of duly, 1859, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant, and was appointed to the regiment a second lieutenant, 
 
364 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Jane 28, 1860. He served at Carlisle until October, I860, when 
 lie conducted a detachment of recruits from New York by sea to 
 Indianola, whence he marched by the way of San Antonio to Fort 
 Inge, Texas, where he joined on the 2d of December, and was 
 employed during the winter and spring of 1860-61 as adjutant, 
 commissary, and quartermaster, and in field operations against 
 hostile Indians. He commanded his company during the last tour 
 of field-service which was performed in Texas by any part of the 
 regiment, and pursued, in February, 1861, a party of Comanches 
 who had organized a formidable raid upon the settlements between 
 Camp Wood and Fort Inge. He conducted his operations with 
 so much energy and intelligence that he soon forced them to retreat 
 across the Rio Grande. He marched from Fort Inge for the sea- 
 coast, March 19, 1861, and, upon arrival at Indian ola, embarked 
 with the second detachment of the regiment on the steamship 
 Empire City just in time to escape capture, and sailed for New 
 York Harbor, and proceeded thence to Carlisle, where he arrived 
 on the 27th of April. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant April 6, 1861, and was 
 appointed adjutant of the regiment June 1, 1861. He parti- 
 cipated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and was 
 engaged in the action at Falling Waters and in the skirmishes 
 near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill ; served in the defenses of 
 Washington during the winter of 1861-62 ; participated in the 
 Manassas and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was engaged in 
 the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in almost 
 daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Rich- 
 mond. He resigned his position as adjutant May 9, 1862, to 
 accept the command of a company, and was engaged with the 
 enemy at Hanover Court-House, where, with his squadron, he com- 
 manded the advance and opened the battle. He participated in 
 the reconnaissance towards Ashland, and charged with his squadron 
 through the town in conjunction with another squadron of the 
 regiment, and dispersed the enemy, captured some prisoners, and 
 destroyed a large quantity of supplies. He was severely wounded 
 in the disastrous charge of the regiment at Gaines's Mill, which 
 disabled him for any service until September, 1862, when he 
 was appointed a mustering and disbursing officer, and served in 
 New York and Boston until September, 1863. He was promoted 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 303 
 
 a captain July 17, 1862, and commanded the regiment almost 
 continuously from October 12, 1863, to July 24, 1864, and was 
 engaged in the combat at Bristoe Station, the operations at Mine 
 Run ; in the raid to, and action at, Charlottesville ; the action 
 at Stannardsville, the skirmish near Morton's Ford, the battle of 
 Todd's Tavern, the actions at Beaver Dam, Yellow Tavern, and 
 Meadow Bridge, the skirmish near Meehanicsville, the battles of 
 Cold Harbor and Treviliian Station, and marched to the relief of 
 General Wilson at Reems's Station when that ofliccr made his 
 raid on the South Side Railroad. lie then availed himself of a 
 leave of absence, and when en route to rejoin the regiment was 
 assigned to the Military Academy as an assistant instructor of 
 cavalry tactics, and held the position from August 23, 1861, to 
 August 28, 1800, when, having been promoted a major in the Sixth 
 Cavalry, to date from June 22, 18G9, he was relieved and ordered 
 to join his regiment. During his service at the Military Academy 
 he prepared and published a valuable work entitled "Notes on 
 Horses for Cavalry Service." 
 
 He was made a brevet captain, to date from June 27, 1862 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Gaines's Mill, 
 and a brevet major, to date from May 6, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Todd's Tavern. 
 
 He proceeded to Texas, and, after serving at Fort Brown and 
 Waco, joined the headquarters of his regiment at Fort Richardson 
 on the 18th of June, 1870, and thereafter served in that State and 
 Kansas, and was employed in the usual garrison and field duties, 
 until September, 1872, when he was appointed a disbursing officer 
 in the Freedmen's Bureau and served at New Orleans, La., until 
 November, 1878, when he availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until the spring of 1S79. He then rejoined his regiment, and was 
 placed in command of the field operations, in South-eastern Ari- 
 zona, against the hostile Apaches who were raiding in ^sew Mexico. 
 He served with an expedition into old Mexico in the neighborhood 
 of Lake Guzmar, and co-operated with the forces in ~Kc\y Mexico 
 and with the Mexican troops, which resulted in destroying a large 
 band of savages. When relieved from this command in October, 
 1879, he was thanked by the department commander for the 
 efficient discharge of his many and difficult duties. He then 
 served as a post commander until the winter of 1880-81, when 
 
366 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 he was appointed acting assistant inspector-general of the De- 
 partment of Arizona, and continued in the discharge of the duties 
 of that office until the summer of 1882, when he was relieved, 
 at his own request, and served with his regiment until Decem- 
 ber, when he was again appointed an acting assistant inspector- 
 general and assigned to the important duty of inspecting the mili- 
 tary posts within the Department of Arizona. 
 
 23. William McLean was born in New York in 1833. He 
 was appointed, from New Jersey, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 (old Second) Cavalry, March 27, 1861, and joined his company at 
 Carlisle on the 28th of April, and participated in General Patter- 
 son's Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in the action at 
 Falling Waters and the skirmish at Martinsburg. He was pro- 
 moted a first lieutenant May 9, 1861, and ordered to Washington, 
 where he served (commanding company) from the 5 th of July to 
 the 22d of September. He then availed himself of a sick-leave of 
 absence until the 23d of October, when he rejoined the regiment 
 and served (commanding company) in the defenses of Washington 
 during the winter of 1861-62, and participated in the Manassas 
 and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was engaged in the siege 
 of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in almost daily 
 skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, 
 the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards 
 Ashland, and the action at Old Church, where he was severely 
 wounded (sabre-cuts) and captured. He was immediately paroled, 
 as the enemy was unable to care for wounded prisoners, and re- 
 mained at Fort Monroe under medical treatment until October, 
 when he was exchanged and assigned to recruiting service at 
 Carlisle. He was promoted a captain, to date from July 17, 1862, 
 and upon the organization of his company (M) on the 23d of 
 February, 1863, conducted it to Washington, where he arrived 
 on the 13th of March and encamped on Capitol Hill. He was 
 soon compelled to relinquish his command because of rapidly 
 failing health which followed the treatment of the wounds received 
 at Old Church, and he died of fever at the Clarendon Hotel in 
 Washington on the 13th of April, 1863. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 367 
 
 24. Louis D. Watkixs was born in Florida, Ifc was ap- 
 pointed, from the District of Columbia, a first lieutenant in the 
 Fourteenth Infantry May 14, 1861, and was transferred, on the 
 22d of June, in that grade to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry with 
 his original rank, and was promoted a captain July 17, 1SG2. lie 
 joined the regiment at Washington in July, and served in the city 
 and at Poolsville, Md., until the 22d of September, when lie 
 returned to Washington and served in the defenses of the city 
 during the winter of 18G1-G2, and participated in the Manassas 
 and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was engaged in the skir- 
 mish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williams- 
 burg, and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the 
 advance towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, 
 the reconnaissance towards Ashland, and was severely wounded in 
 the disastrous charge of the regiment at Gaines's Mill and com- 
 pelled to avail himself of a sick-leave of absence until October, 
 1862. 
 
 He served as a mustering and disbursing officer at Covington 
 and Cincinnati, and as an aide-de-camp to General Andrew J. Smith 
 during the Confederate invasion of Kentucky until the 1st oi 
 December, when he was appointed chief of cavalry for the Army 
 of Kentucky, and won the brevet of major, to date from January 
 8, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services with Carter's expedi- 
 tion into East Tennessee during the winter of 1862-63. He was 
 appointed colonel of the Sixth Kentucky Cavalry, to date from 
 January 23, 1863, and was made a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to 
 date from March 5, 18G3, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Thompson's Station, Tenn. 
 
 When encamped with his regiment near Fort Granger lie ren- 
 dered a conspicuous service to General Rosecrans's army by detect- 
 ing and arresting, on the afternoon of the 8th of June, 1863, two 
 Confederate spies (commissioned officers) who had succeeded in 
 entering Fort Granger by using forged papers which represented 
 them to be special inspectors of the United States army. They 
 had succeeded in making a thorough inspection of the fortification, 
 and were nearly half a mile away, en route to the Confederate 
 • lines with the valuable information thus acquired, when Colonel 
 Watkins, who had met them as they were leaving the fort, and, hav- 
 ing his suspicions aroused by what seemed a familiar face, followed 
 
368 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 with an orderly, after asking the commandant a few questions, 
 and effected their arrest so quietly that they were unconscious of 
 the trap into which he led them until it was too late to offer any 
 resistance. They were tried that night by a drum-head court- 
 martial, convicted as spies, sentenced to death, and hanged before 
 ten o'clock the next morning. One of the officers was William 0. 
 Williams, who had resigned, as a first lieutenant, from the Fifth 
 Cavalry on the 10th of June, 1861.* 
 
 He commanded the Third Brigade of the First Division, Army 
 of the Cumberland, and was engaged in the battle of Chickamauga. 
 lie then participated in the Atlanta campaign, and was made a 
 brevet colonel and a brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, to 
 date from June 24, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in 
 defeating the enemy at the battle of Lafayette, Ga. He assisted 
 in holding Resaca against the assaults of the enemy, and partici- 
 pated in the pursuit of General Hood's army, and was made a 
 brevet brigadier-general, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the defense of Resaca. He participated 
 in the pursuit of the enemy in Kentucky, was engaged in the 
 battle of Nashville, and commanded the First Division of the 
 Cavalry Corps, in the pursuit of the enemy from that field. 
 
 He was appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from 
 September 25, 1865, and was assigned to the command of Louis- 
 ville, Ky., in April, 1866, which he retained until he was mustered 
 out of volunteer service, to date from September 1, 1866. He 
 was then assigned to recruiting service in that city, and upon the 
 reorganization of the army in November, 1866, when the Second 
 Battalion of the Eleventh Infantry was constituted the Twentieth 
 Infantry, he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the new organiza- 
 tion, to date from July 28, 1866, and was serving with his regiment 
 at New Orleans, La., when he died, of disease, on the 29th of 
 March, 1868. 
 
 He commanded his regiment until within a few days of his 
 death, and was universally esteemed for his urbanity and generous 
 disposition. 
 
 * The details of this tragic incident of the war of the Kebellion arc fully narrated in the 
 military record of First Lieutenant William 0. Williams, q. v. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 3G0 
 
 25. Junius B. Hollo-way was born in Kentucky. He was 
 appointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry April 2G, 18G1, and was promoted a first lieu- 
 tenant May 21, 1861, and a captain July 17, 18G2. 
 
 He joined at Washington in July, and participated in the 
 Manassas campaign and was engaged in the battle of Bull Run, 
 and won an honorable mention for his services. He then served 
 (commanding company) at Fort Corcoran, Va., and Washington 
 from the 21st of August to the 15th of October, when he availed 
 himself of a sick-leave of absence until the 7th of March, 18G2. 
 He was then reported on duty at the headquarters of the Depart- 
 ment of the Ohio until the 30th of May, and thereafter absent, 
 with and without leave, until November, 18G2, when his name was 
 dropped from the rolls. 
 
 He was taken up in April, 18G3, as on parole at Camp Chase, 
 Ohio, but was subsequently dismissed from the service by order of 
 the President, to date from December 6, 1862. 
 
 2G. Thomas Drummond was born in Virginia. He was ap- 
 pointed, from Iowa, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry April 26, 1861, and joined at Washington on the 22d of 
 May, and participated in the capture of Arlington, Va., and served 
 at that place until the 13th of June, when, having been promoted 
 a first lieutenant, to date from May 30, 1861, he was assigned to 
 the command of a company and served at Arlington, in the field, 
 and in the defenses of Washington to the 20th of October, and 
 participated in the Manassas campaign, and was engaged in the 
 skirmish at Blackburn's Ford, and in the battle of Bull Run, where 
 he was distinguished for daring intrepidity. 
 
 He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth Iowa Cavalry 
 December 24, 1861, and served in Arkansas and Tennessee, and 
 was engaged with the enemy upon several occasions, until June 3, 
 1862, when he resigned his volunteer commission and rejoined the 
 regiment, and participated in the Virginia Peninsular and Mary- 
 land campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmishes near Sycamore 
 Church and White Oak Swamp, with the regiment as a part of the 
 rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of 
 24 
 
370 MILITARY EECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the 
 skirmish near Sheplierdstown, and the engagement near Hall- 
 town. 
 
 He was promoted a captain July 17, 1862, and assumed the 
 command of his company on the 25th of September, and partici- 
 pated in the action near Piedmont, the skirmishes near Union and 
 Upperville, the actions at Markham's Station and Amissville, and 
 the skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads. He served during the winter 
 of 18G2-63 near Falmouth, Va., and was employed on provost- 
 guard duty near that place during the spring of 1863, and partici- 
 pated in General Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April and 
 May, and was engaged in the combat near Brandy Station and the 
 skirmish at Shannon Hill. He served as provost-marshal of the 
 Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac from the 8th of June 
 to the 3d of August, 1863, when he rejoined and commanded the 
 regiment until the 11th of October. He was then selected for re- 
 cruiting service and had stations at Carlisle, Cleveland, and Colum- 
 bus until the 13th of January, 1865. He then rejoined the regiment 
 at Winchester, Va., and commanded it until the 1st of February, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence. He rejoined on the 
 31st of March, and participated in the closing Richmond campaign, 
 and commanded the regiment in the action between Dinwiddle 
 •Court-House and Five Forks on the 31st of March, and in the battle 
 of Five Forks on the 1st of April, 1865, where he was mortally 
 wounded and died on the field. 
 
 He was strongly impressed with the belief that he would be 
 killed at Five Forks, and appeared at the head of the regiment 
 wearing his best uniform, so that, as he expressed himself, he would 
 present a respectable appearance in death. He was a brilliant young 
 officer, and, although somewhat restive under the restraints of 
 military discipline, was held in high estimation for his ability, 
 judgment, and courage. He was the last officer of the regiment 
 who fell in battle during the rebellion against the United States. 
 
 27. Julius W. Mason was born in [Pennsylvania. He was 
 graduated from the Kentucky Military Institute in June, 1857, 
 and received the degrees of C.E. and A.B. He then entered 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 371 
 
 Shclliy College, Ky., as a resident graduate, and remained there 
 one year, and received in 1859 from the Kentucky Military 
 Institute the additional degree of A.M. lie was a division 
 engineer of the Brooklyn Water- Works at the beginning of the 
 rebellion against the United States, and at once offered his services 
 to the country, and was appointed, from Pennsylvania, a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry April 2G, 18G1. He 
 joined at Washington on the 15th of May, and served at the 
 Treasury until the 4th of June, when he joined his company and 
 participated in the Manassas campaign, and was engaged in the 
 battle of Bull Run, where he was distinguished for daring intre- 
 pidity. He was promoted a first lieutenant June 1, 1861, and a 
 captain December 6, 1SG2. He served in the defenses of Washing- 
 ton during the winter of 1861-62 ; participated in the Manassas and 
 Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmish 
 at Cedar Run and in the siege of Yorktown, where he contracted 
 typhoid fever and was sent to Chesapeake Hospital, Hampton, Va., 
 for medical treatment. He rejoined at Harrison's Landing, Va., in 
 July, and served with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of 
 the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, 
 participated in the Maryland campaign, and was engaged in the 
 battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near 
 Shepherdstown, and the engagement and reconnaissance near Hall- 
 town. He served at St. James College, Md., during November, 
 and participated, in December, in a reconnaissance near Fal- 
 mouth. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1862-63 near Falmouth, Va., 
 and was employed on picket and general court-martial duty (com- 
 manding the regiment, March 19-23), and participated in General 
 Stoneman's raid towards Richmond in April and May. He 
 commanded the advance-guard (a squadron) of the Cavalry Corps 
 to the Rapidan, and crossed the river at the Blind Ford, and while 
 thus isolated from the main body he captured nearly all the men 
 of a Confederate battery, and was only prevented from taking the 
 guns by the appearance of the Thirteenth Virginia Cavalry; but he 
 held his position until the corps crossed the river at Raccoon Ford, 
 live miles above the Blind Ford. This was one of the most gallant 
 dashes made by any part of the regiment during the war. 
 
 He participated in the battle of Beverly Ford, where he won 
 
372 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the brevet of major, to date from June 9, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services, and he commanded the regiment in the 
 skirmish at Aldie and the actions at Middletown and Snicker's 
 Gap, near Upperville. He commanded the regiment during the 
 Pennsylvania campaign, and was engaged in the battle of Gettys- 
 burg, the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and 
 Falling Waters, the engagement of Manassas Gap, the skirmish 
 near Front Koyal, the action near, and battle of, Brandy Station, 
 where he won the brevet of lieutenant-colonel, to date from August 
 1, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services. He commanded the 
 regiment in the important engagement at Morton's Ford and in 
 the action near Barnett's Ford on the Eapidan. He was then 
 selected to command the escort for General Grant (consisting of 
 companies B, F, and K of the regiment, which was increased later 
 with detachments from companies and D), and so served from 
 March 24, 1864, to the end of the war, and participated in all the 
 general engagements about Eichmond and in front of Petersburg, 
 and in the closing campaign which resulted in the surrender of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia on the 9th of April, 1865. He com- 
 manded companies B, F, and K in raids on the Petersburg and 
 Weldon Railroad, Va., in August, 1864, and through Surry County 
 between Blackwater and James River, Va., in October, 1864. He 
 accompanied the headquarters of the army to Washington in May, 
 
 1865, and continued to serve with General Grant until August 12, 
 
 1866. He was then selected for recruiting service, and had stations 
 at Carlisle and Philadelphia until April 14, 1867, when he rejoined 
 his company at Washington, and commanded the escort for General 
 Grant until he was inaugurated President of the United States, 
 and thereafter served in the same position with General Sherman 
 until March 31, 1870, when he was transferred to frontier service. 
 He arrived at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., on the 29th of April, and 
 served at that station and Chug Water until December 12, 1871, 
 when he moved, by rail and water, with the second detachment of 
 the regiment by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California 
 to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Hualpai February 27, 1872, and 
 served at that station and Camp Verde during his tour in the 
 Territory. He was actively employed in the Apache campaign of 
 1872, and was engaged in a skirmish in the Big Canon of Bill 
 Williams' Fork on the 5th of July. He won the first substantial 
 
MILITAET RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 373 
 
 victory of the campaign at Machos Cafions, near the head-waters 
 of the north branch of the Big Sandy, on the 25th of September, 
 where lie commanded three companies (B, C, K) of the regiment 
 and a detachment of Ilnalpai scouts, and. inflicted a disastrous 
 defeat upon the enemy. He was also engaged in the affairs near the 
 Santa Maria on the 24th of October, and at Sycamore Creek on 
 the 25th of October. "While he was actively engaged in the field 
 he was prostrated by a violent attack of inflammatory rheumatism, 
 which compelled him to relinquish his command and seek relief 
 in a change of climate. He rejoined at Camp Hualpai July 15, 
 1873, and soon thereafter marched his company to Camp Verde, 
 where he had station until May 3, 1875, having detached service 
 at Los Angeles, forwarding supplies to the headquarters of the 
 Department of Arizona, from the 16th of January to the 4th of 
 March, 1874 ; serving as special Indian agent of the Eio Verde 
 Agency from the 20th of April to the 18th of June, 1874 ; and 
 surveying the Fort Lowell Reservation from the 11th of January 
 to the 10th of February, 1875. 
 
 He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a 
 brevet colonel, to date from September 25, 1872, for gallant con- 
 duct in the engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos 
 Canons. 
 
 He marched from Camp Verde May 3, 1875, with companies A, 
 E, and K of the regiment, en route, by the way of Fort Wingate, 
 Santa Fe, and Fort Union, to Kansas, and arrived at Fort Hays on 
 the 20th of June, where he served until the 19th of September. 
 He then marched to Fort Riley, where he had station until May 
 19, 1870, when he returned to Fort Ha}-s, and moved thence on the 
 5th of June, with a battalion of the regiment, to Cheyenne, and 
 participated in the Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming, Mon- 
 tana, and Dakota, and was engaged in the pursuit (commanding) 
 of the enemy near the south branch of the Cheyenne River and 
 in the affair at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo. He was pro- 
 moted a major in the Third Cavalry July 1, 1876, but continued 
 to serve with the Fifth Cavalry (commanding a battalion of five 
 companies) during the operations of the Big Horn and Yellow- 
 stone expedition, and was engaged in the skirmish at Slim Buttes, 
 Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, 
 
374 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Neb., on the 24th of October, he joined his regiment and was 
 assigned to the command of that station, which he retained until 
 February, 1877. He served at Fort Laramie from April, 1877, 
 to August, 1878, and commanded Fort Fetterman from February 
 to November, 1879, during Avhich period he superintended the 
 construction of a bridge across the North Platte River at that 
 place. He relinquished a leave of absence during the winter of 
 1880, at the request of the department commander, for the pur- 
 pose of superintending the construction of bridges across Snake 
 and Bear rivers, on the route between Rawlins, Wyo., and the 
 Ute Agency on White River, Col., and upon the successful com- 
 pletion of these duties was assigned to the command of Fort 
 Washakie, Wyo., where he had station until May, 1882, when he 
 was transferred with his regiment to Arizona, and participated in 
 a campaign against the hostile Apaches until the fall of 1882. He 
 was then assigned to the command of Fort Huachuca, where he 
 died of apoplexy on the 20th of December, 1882. 
 
 " Seldom has thy trophied car, Death ! 
 Conveyed in triumph to thy dark domain 
 A richer spoil." 
 
 28. Edavaed II. Leib was born in Pennsylvania. He was 
 engaged in civil pursuits at the beginning of the rebellion against 
 the United States, and at once enlisted in the Washington Artillery 
 (an independent organization) April 1G, 1861, and marched with 
 his company, which was the first to arrive at Washington from the 
 North, for the defense of the capital, where he served until May, 
 when he was appointed, from Pennsylvania, a second lieutenant in 
 the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from April 2G, 1861, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant June 10, 1861. He joined on the 
 18th of May, and participated, five days afterwards, in the capture 
 of Alexandria. He served in the Manassas campaign and was 
 engaged in the battle of Bull Run, where he re-established the 
 picket-line after the battle, and held it until relieved by volunteer 
 infantry, when he returned with the detachment of the regiment 
 to the defenses of Washington, where he served during the win- 
 ter of 1SG1-G2, and participated (commanding a company) in 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 375 
 
 the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and Rappahannock 
 campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, the 
 siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in almost daily 
 skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, 
 the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards 
 Ashland, the action at Old Church, where he won the brevet of 
 captain, to date from June 13, 18G2, for gallant and meritorious 
 services; with the advance-guard when General "Stonewall" 
 Jackson made his movement to join General Lee, and brought 
 up the rear-guard before the battle of Gaines's Mill, and with 
 five companies disputed the movement of the enemy ; the battle 
 of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage Station and the battle of 
 Malvern Hill, on picket-duty at St. Mary's Church and in front 
 of Malvern Hill, with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of 
 the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, 
 the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and the skirmish 
 near Shepherdstown. 
 
 He then marched to Old Town and Cumberland, Md., and 
 thence in the direction of Eomney, Va., until he was ordered to 
 participate in the pursuit of the enemy, who was raiding in Mary- 
 land. He marched two hundred miles in that State and Pennsyl- 
 vania, when he was sent to St. James College, near Williamsport, 
 Md., and soon thereafter was engaged with the enemy near 
 Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action 
 at Markham's Station, the skirmishes at Manassas Gap, Snicker's 
 Gap, and Little Washington, the actions at Amissville and Hazel 
 Ran, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near 
 Falmouth. 
 
 He served during the winter of 18G2-G3 near Falmouth, Va., 
 and was employed on picket and outpost duty until March, when 
 he was engaged with the enemy at Kelly's Ford (commanding a 
 detachment of the regiment), the first cavalry battle of the war, 
 and which resulted in a decisive victory for the National troops. 
 He was complimented on the field by General Averill for the 
 gallant conduct of the regiment. He participated, April and 
 May, 18G3, in General Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, and 
 was engaged in the combat near Brandy Station, the skirmish 
 at Shannon Hill, and the engagement at Fleming's Cross-Pioads, 
 where he was distinguished for gallantry. 
 
376 MILITAEY EECOEDS OF OFFICEKS. 
 
 He was promoted a captain April 13, 1863, and joined his 
 company on the 17th of May, and participated in the Pennsylvania 
 and Central Virginia campaigns, and was engaged in the battle of 
 Beverly Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at Middletown 
 and Snicker's Gap, near Upperville, the battle of Gettysburg, 
 the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Water ; the action near, and battle of, Brandy Station, the action 
 at Morton's Ford, the combat of Bristoe Station, and the opera- 
 tions at Mine Kun in November and December 1863. 
 
 He served at the winter camp near Mitchell's Station, Va., until 
 February, 1864, when he participated in the actions near Barnett's 
 Ford on the Eapidan, at Charlottesville and Stannardsville, and 
 the skirmish near Morton's Ford. He was then assigned to Balti- 
 more as a mustering and disbursing officer, and when General Early 
 invaded Maryland in July, 1861, he reported to General Lew. 
 Wallace for active service, and was engaged in the battle at Freder- 
 ick, Md.,on the 7th, and in conjunction with other troops brought 
 up the rear-guard, on the 8th, to Monocacy Junction, and on 
 the morning of the 9th he assumed command of a detachment of 
 mounted infantry and assisted in holding the Baltimore Pike, 
 which was the only road on which General Wallace could retire 
 his defeated army. 
 
 Upon the termination of these operations he returned to Balti- 
 more, and was appointed, on the 13th of July, inspector and chief 
 of cavalry of the Eighth Army Corps, and served in that position 
 until about the end of November, when he rejoined and com- 
 manded the regiment from the 3d of December, 1861, to the 13th of 
 January, 1865, during which time he participated in General Tor- 
 bett's raid to Gordonsville and was engaged in the skirmishes near 
 Madison Court-House, Gordonsville, and Paris. 
 
 He participated in General Sheridan's last raid en route to 
 join the closing Kichmond campaign, and was engaged in the 
 skirmishes near Staunton and Bent's Creek, captured a quantity 
 of ammunition and provisions at Scottsville, and destroyed the 
 canal-locks and some boats at that place; in the action at South 
 Anna Bridge, where he destroyed the railroad ; and finally arrived 
 at the White House, and crossed the river at Deep Bottom and 
 rejoined the Army of the Potomac. He was severely wounded, 
 while commanding the regiment, in the action between Dinwiddie 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 377 
 
 Court-House and Five Forks on the 31st of March, 18G5. lie was 
 made a brevet major, to date from April 1, 18G5, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at Five Forks, and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, 
 to date from April 1, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 He rejoined the regiment at Cumberland, Md., on the 25th of 
 June, and commanded it until the 19th of September, when he 
 was transferred to the Southern States and served during the 
 reconstruction period in Tennessee and Kentucky, commanding a 
 detachment of the regiment at Nashville, and his company at 
 Gallatin, Franklin, and other stations, and had some field-service 
 against guerrillas. He captured, in June, 18G6, a noted outlaw- 
 near Memphis, and in October captured the guerrilla Harper and 
 five of his men ; and in November he had a successful encounter 
 with a party of guerrillas near Black Jack, Tenn. 
 
 He was on a leave of absence from August to December, 1808 ; 
 commanded Fort Harker, Kan., from December, 18G8, to June, 
 1869; and served at Fort McPherson, Neb., and Fort Laramie, 
 Wyo., from November, 18G9, to November, 1871, when he marched 
 to Fort D. A. Eussell, Wyo., and accompanied the second detach- 
 ment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf 
 of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Grant February 10, 
 1872, where he served until February, 1873. He then availed 
 himself of a sick-leave of absence until March, 1871, when he 
 rejoined his company at Camp Grant, where he served until 
 October, when he again availed himself of a sick-leave of absence 
 until September, 1875, when he rejoined his company at Fort 
 Lyon, Col., and served at the station, having some field-service, 
 until June 5, 187G, when he moved by rail to Cheyenne and 
 participated in the Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming, Mon- 
 tana, and Dakota, and was engaged in the affair at War Bonnet 
 (Indian Creek), Wyo., and in the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, Neb., 
 in October, he was assigned to Fort McPherson, where he had 
 station until May 9, 1877, when he ceased to be an officer of the 
 army. He is now employed as a special agent in the office of the 
 Commissioner of Pensions at Washington. 
 
378 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 29. Joseph P. Ash was born in Pennsylvania about 1836, and was 
 engaged in civil pursuits at the beginning of the rebellion against the 
 United States. He entered the volunteer service as a first lieutenant 
 in Cassias Clay's battalion of Pennsylvania infantry in April, 1861, 
 and served with it until about the 22d of May, when he was appoint- 
 ed, from Pennsylvania, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from April 30, 1861, and joined at Washington on 
 the 1th of June. He participated in the Manassas campaign and 
 was engaged in the battle of Bull Run, where he was distinguished 
 for daring intrepidity. He was promoted a first lieutenant January 
 15, 1862, and a captain September 25, 1863. He served in the de- 
 fenses of Washington during the winter of 1S61-62, participated in 
 the Virginia Peninsular and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged 
 in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in 
 almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance 
 towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, the 
 reconnaissances towards Ashland and the White House, the 
 battle of Malvern Hill, the skirmish near Sycamore Church, with 
 the regiment as a part of the rear -guard of the Army of the 
 Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of 
 South Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherds- 
 town, the engagement near, and reconnaissance to, Halltown, the 
 skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action at Markham's 
 Station, the skirmishes at Barbee's Cross-Roads, Little Washing- 
 ton (wounded), and ten miles south of Warrenton. The wounds 
 received at Little Washington disabled him until June 3, 1863, 
 when he was assigned to Trenton, N. J., as a mustering and dis- 
 bursing officer, where he served until October, when he rejoined 
 his company and was engaged in the action at Morton's Ford 
 (slightly wounded), the combat of Bristoe Station, and the 
 operations at Mine Run in Xovember and December, 1S63. 
 
 On the night preceding the combat at Bristoe Station he 
 voluntarily entered the Confederate lines for the purpose of ascer- 
 taining the strength, position, and, if possible, the intentions of 
 the enemy. After an absence of several hours he returned with 
 important information, the correctness of which was fully cor- 
 roborated in the developments of the next morning when the 
 engagement took place. He succeeded, at a great personal peril, 
 in obtaining the only good information which General Meade had 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 379 
 
 concerning the enemy, and upon this information a forward 
 movement was made which demonstrated its correctness, in that 
 the main body of the enemy had retired, leaving in view of the 
 National troops what seemed to be a large force, but which was 
 only a brigade of cavalry and a few pieces of artillery. 
 
 Tie served at the winter camp near Mitchell's Station, Va., 
 until February, 1864, when he marched with the regiment, and 
 was engaged in the actions near Barnett's Ford on the Rapidan 
 (slightly wounded), Charlottesville and Stannardsville, and the 
 skirmish near Morton's Ford. lie continued to participate in the 
 movements and operations of the Army of the Potomac until the 
 8th of May, 1864, when he was shot through the heart and in- 
 stantly killed at the battle of Todd's Tavern. His squadron 
 (A, E) was holding a road in the woods with orders to keep it 
 clear and prevent the enemy from taking it. While thus em- 
 ployed the Fifth Army Corps was ordered to occupy the position, 
 and an infantry regiment was detailed to relieve the Fifth Cavalry ; 
 but at the first fire of the enemy the regiment fled panic-stricken 
 to the rear, and while gallantly striving to rally the fugitives Cap- 
 tain Ash met an untimely death. 
 
 He was made a brevet major, to date from November 8, 18G2, 
 for conspicuous gallantry at Little Washington, and a brevet lieu- 
 tenant-colonel, to date from May 8, 18G4, for conspicuous gallantry 
 at the battle of Todd's Tavern, Va. 
 
 He was one of the most gallant officers in the regiment, and 
 was conspicuous for dash and intelligence. His brilliant conduct 
 in the presence of the enemy was inspiring, and the regiment 
 suffered a severe loss when he fell in battle. 
 
 30. Leicester Walker was born in Ohio. He was appointed, 
 from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, May 8, 1861, and joined the regiment in Washington on 
 the 27th of June. 
 
 He participated in the Manassas campaign and was engaged in 
 the battle of Bull Run, where he was distinguished for gallant con- 
 duct. He joined his company at Washington on the 11th of 
 September, and served in the defenses of the city during the winter 
 
3S0 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 of 1861-62, and was engaged, on the 20th of October, in a skirmish 
 near Vienna, Va. He was promoted a first lieutenant January 
 15, 1862, and participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, 
 Maryland, and Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the 
 skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of 
 Williamsburg, and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy 
 during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover 
 Court-House, the reconnaissances towards Ashland and the 
 White House, the battle of Malvern Hill, the skirmishes near 
 Sycamore Church and in the White Oak Swamp, with the regi- 
 ment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac 
 during the evacuation of the Peninsula, and also serving as a 
 quartermaster during the month of August; the battles of South 
 Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, the 
 engagement near Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and TJpper- 
 ville, the action at Markham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's 
 Cross-Roads, the action at Amissville, the battle of Fredericksburg, 
 the skirmish and reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1862-63 near Falmouth, Va., 
 and was employed on picket and outpost duty until March, when he 
 was engaged with the enemy at Kelly's Ford, and subsequently par- 
 ticipated, April and May, 1863, in General Stoneman's raid towards 
 Richmond, and was engaged in the affair at Fleming's Cross-Roads, 
 where he was distinguished for gallantry. Soon after his return 
 from this raid he was assigned to special duty with the head- 
 quarters of the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac, and 
 was subsequently appointed an aide-de-camp and served on the 
 staffs of Generals Buford and Pleasonton from June, 1863, to 
 January, 1864, when he was appointed commissary of musters for 
 the corps. He was engaged in the battle of Beverly Ford (where he 
 won the brevet of captain, to date from June 9, 1863, for gallant 
 and meritorious services) and participated in the Pennsylvania 
 campaign. 
 
 He was promoted a captain Xovember 2, 1863, and continued 
 to serve as commissary of musters until August, 1864 (winning 
 the brevet of major, to date from May 11, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Yellow Tavern), when he was 
 transferred to Fort Columbus, N.Y., Avhere he served until January, 
 1865, when he was transferred to Columbus, Ohio, as a mustering 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 381 
 
 and disbursing officer, and served at that station until June. lie 
 then proceeded to Cumberland, Md., where he served, except a 
 brief tour of field-duty at New Creek, W. Va., commanding a 
 squadron, until January 3, 1866. lie was then ordered to Wash- 
 ington, and thence to South Carolina on reconstruction duty. He 
 arrived at Charleston on the 28th of January, and, after a brief 
 stay in that city, marched to Columbia, where he served until April, 
 when he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence, and rejoined his 
 company at Columbia in August, and marched, in September, to 
 Aiken, where he had station, commanding company and post, until 
 September 12, 1868, when he was transferred to frontier service, 
 and arrived at Fort Lyon, Col., on the 1st of November, and 
 participated in the Canadian Eiver expedition during the winter 
 of 1868-69. He was then assigned to Fort Harker, Kan., in 
 charge of recruits, and rejoined his company at Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., on the 31st of May. He served with the Republican River 
 expedition of 1869, and was engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, 
 the brilliant action at Summit Springs, the affair in the sand-hills 
 south of Julesburg, and in the Niobrara pursuit. 
 
 He was assigned, in September, to Fort McPherson, where he 
 had station, with occasional tours of field-service, until December 
 30, 1870, when he resigned his commission under the provisions 
 of the act of Congress of July 15, 1870, which provided for a 
 reduction of the army. 
 
 He has since lived at North Platte, Neb., where he is success- 
 fully engaged in stock-growing and a banking business. 
 
 31. John B. McIntosh (born at Tampa Bay, Florida) is a 
 descendant of the clan Macintosh — one of the most ancient in the 
 Highlands of Scotland, and which, in connection with the clan 
 MacPherson, formed the celebrated clan Chattan. The clan Mac- 
 intosh, as stated by Sir Walter Scott in his second volume of 
 "The Tales of a Grandfather," boast their descent from Mac- 
 Duff, the celebrated Thane of Fife. They supported the house of 
 Stuart in the rebellion of 1715, and fought under their chief, 
 General William Macintosh, at Preston, November 13, 1715, but 
 
3S2 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 with the defeat of the Stuarts came their political downfall and 
 the confiscation of their property. 
 
 In 1735 John Mohr Macintosh (a nephew of General William 
 Macintosh, and the great-great-grandfather of John 13.), with one 
 hundred and thirty Highlanders, accompanied General Oglethorpe's 
 party in their emigration to America, and settled at Darien, on 
 the Altamaha, in the country now known as Georgia. He com- 
 manded the Highlanders when General Oglethorpe marched 
 against St. Augustine in 1740, and fell at Fort Moosa, severely 
 wounded, while defending the works from an attack of Spanish 
 grenadiers ; was taken a prisoner of war and sent to Madrid, and 
 was not exchanged until the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. 
 William (the eldest son of John Mohr Macintosh and the great- 
 grandfather of John B.) accompanied his father on that expe- 
 dition, and afterwards served during the Revolutionary war as 
 colonel of the First Regiment of cavalry in the Georgia Con- 
 tinental Line. 
 
 Lachlan (brother of William Mcintosh and great-granduncle 
 of John B.) was a brevet major-general and a brigadier-general in 
 the Revolutionary army, and a number of his sons also held com- 
 missions during the struggle for independence. 
 
 John (the eldest son of William Mcintosh and grandfather of 
 John B.) was a lieutenant-colonel in the Revolutionary army, and 
 subsequently was a major-general of the Georgia forces, and dis- 
 played great personal courage in the defense of Fort Morris and 
 at the battle of Briar Creek, Ga. He again served his country 
 during the war of 1812-14, and commanded the Georgia division 
 which marched to Pensacola, Fla. 
 
 James S. (the son of John Mcintosh and father of John B.) 
 was a native of Georgia. He entered the army in 1812, and 
 attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Infantry, and 
 was a brevet colonel. He died in the city of Mexico, September 
 26, 1847, of wounds received at Resaca de la Palma and Molino 
 del Rey. He Avas dangerously Avounded during his early service on 
 the northern frontier while defending the hospitals at Buffalo, 
 N. Y., and Avas left for dead on the field. 
 
 James (the brother of John B.) Avas graduated from West 
 Point in 1S49, and was a captain in the First (present Fourth) 
 Cavalry at the beginning of the rebellion against the United 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 383 
 
 States. lie entered the Confederate service, where he attained t lie 
 rank of a brigadier-general, and was killed at the battle of Pea 
 Ridge, March 7, 1862. 
 
 John B. Mcintosh received an excellent education; the last 
 four years of his school-boy life were passed in the celebrated 
 military academy of Marlborough Churchill (a graduate of West 
 Point) at Sing Sing, N. Y. With such an ancestry and education 
 it was not surprising that he developed a decided inclination for a 
 military life, and an effort was made to enter him at West Point, 
 but it failed because his brother James was already at the institu- 
 tion, lie was appointed in 1848 a midshipman in the navy, and 
 served one cruise in the Gulf of Mexico on the sloop-of-war 
 Saratoga; but the sea was distasteful to him, and he resigned in 
 1850 and engaged in civil pursuits, first at Buffalo, N. Y., and 
 afterwards at New Brunswick, N. J., where he was employed at 
 the beginning of the rebellion against the United States. He at 
 once offered his services to the country, and was appointed, from 
 at large, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry 
 June 8, 18G1, and joined at Darnestown, Md., on the 27th of June, 
 and participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and 
 was engaged in the action at Palling Waters and in the skirmishes 
 near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. He was constantly employed 
 on picket and reconnaissance duty until the 11th of September, 
 when he was transferred to Washington and served in the defenses 
 of the city during the winter of 18G1-G2. He participated in the 
 Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and was 
 engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, Avhere he led his squadron 
 in a charge against the enemy's pickets and forced their retreat 
 across the stream ; the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williams- 
 burg, and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the 
 advance towards Richmond ; the battle of Hanover Court-House 
 and the reconnaissance towards Ashland. He was appointed, on 
 the 11th of June, quartermaster and commissary of the Regular 
 Cavalry Brigade, and continued on that duty until the 10th of 
 July, and displayed much energy and ability in conducting his 
 train to Malvern Hill and thence to Harrison's Landing. He was 
 assigned by General McClellan, on the 11th of July, to the com- 
 mand of the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, the colonel 
 having been killed in action. He obtained permission to wait upon 
 
3S4 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS.' 
 
 the governor of Pennsylvania and solicit the colonelcy of that 
 regiment, and, having been provided with favorable letters from 
 Generals McClellan, Newton, and Franklin, he presented them in 
 person; but the governor, while recognizing the recommendations 
 of these distinguished officers, considered it his duty to bestow the 
 commission upon the lieutenant-colonel, whereupon Lieutenant 
 Mcintosh returned at once to the regiment. He was engaged in 
 the skirmish at Sycamore Church, where he made a gallant charge 
 upon the enemy, and was specially commended in the report of 
 General McClellan for his conduct. He was distinguished in 
 a skirmish in the White Oak Swamp (where the Eighteenth Vir- 
 ginia Cavalry was defeated), and won the brevet of major, to date 
 from August 5, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services. He 
 served with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of 
 the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, and was en- 
 gaged in the -battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the pursuit 
 of the enemy to the Potomac, and the skirmish near Shepherdstown. 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant June 27, 1862, and was 
 appointed colonel of the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry November 
 15, 1862, and immediately assumed command of his regiment, and 
 was actively employed during the winter of 1862-63 in maintain- 
 ing an extended picket-line on the right flank of the National 
 
 army. 
 
 He was ordered, on the loth of February, 1863, to destroy the 
 Orange and Alexandria Railroad bridge at the Rappahannock 
 station. A division of infantry ordered to create a diversion in 
 his favor was forced, by a severe storm, to return on the first day. 
 He was informed of the withdrawal of the infantry support and 
 authorized to return, if, in his judgment, the storm would prevent 
 a successful execution of his orders. He decided to push for- 
 ward, and towards the end of the second day had his command 
 (five hundred cavalrymen) concealed in a belt of woods contiguous 
 to the bridge. He there received another message authorizing him 
 to return without executing his orders ; but he continued his pre- 
 parations for the attack, and when all was ready moved rapidly 
 towards the bridge and drove the enemy across the stream. He 
 then dismounted his men, formed a skirmish-line on the banks, 
 and held the position, under the fire of the enemy, while his axe- 
 men cut the supports of the bridge and burnt it, and also destroyed 
 
MILITABT 11EC0RD3 OF OFFICERS. 385 
 
 a small bridge across Tin-pot Run. lie worked all night, and, 
 having executed his orders, started for the main army, which he 
 rejoined on the 18th of February, and was deservedly complimented 
 upon the successful termination of his hazardous undertaking. 
 
 When General Hooker reorganized, in January, 1SC3, the 
 cavalry of the Army of the Potomac into a cavalry corps, Colonel 
 Mcintosh was selected to command the Second Brigade of the 
 Second Division. He was engaged with his brigade in the action 
 at Kelly's Ford, March 17, 18G3, which was the first cavalry com- 
 bat of the war in which a division was engaged on either side. 
 General Averill, who commanded the Second Division, reported to 
 the Secretary of War that " to the intrepidity, promptitude, and 
 excellent judgment of Mcintosh on that occasion our success was 
 chiefly attributable." lie commanded his brigade in the battle of 
 Chancellorsville, and was first engaged with the enemy's cavalry, 
 which were driven from Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, 
 beyond Rapidan station, thus covering the operations of General 
 Buford's column under General Stoneman and insuring his 
 unobstructed march to the rear of General Lee's ami}-. lie 
 was then recalled to the main army (crossing at Ely's Ford) while 
 the battle of Chancellorsville was in progress. 
 
 He was transferred, on the 22d of June, to the command of the 
 First Brigade of the Second Division, then commanded by General 
 (D. M. M.) Gregg, and participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, 
 and was engaged, on the right of the National army at the battle of 
 Gettysburg, where he resisted General Stuart's efforts to turn that 
 flank, and began the cavalry combat almost immediately after 
 his brigade had. relieved General Custer, who was ordered to join 
 General Kilpatrick on the left of the army. Being convinced 
 that the enemy's cavalry were in force near his right front, he 
 ordered a regiment to advance and take possession of a stone 
 barn intermediate between the two lines, and then press the enemy's 
 pickets. This movement having developed that the enemy were in 
 the woods to the right of the Hanover road, Colonel Mcintosh 
 moved with the other regiments of his brigade to the support 
 of his advanced line, and, finding himself greatly outnumbered, 
 called for reinforcements, which Avere promptly furnished by send- 
 ino- General Irwin Gregg's brigade to his assistance and order- 
 ing the immediate return of General Custer's brigade. General 
 25 
 
386 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Gregg then assumed command of the entire force, and a stub- 
 born cavalry combat raged for some time, and until Colonel Mc- 
 intosh, who had pushed a regiment well down on the enemy's flank, 
 ordered a charge, which was handsomely executed, and after several 
 charges and counter-charges the enemy withdrew from that flank of 
 the National army. On the morning of the 4th he was dispatched 
 to the left and instructed to march thence to Emmittsburg and in- 
 tercept the Confederate cavalry. He arrived at the town at half-past 
 seven o'clock a.m. of the 5th, to learn that the main body had passed 
 two hours in advance of his arrival; but, finding a squadron serving 
 as a rear-guard for the infantry, he charged it so vigorously that 
 the commanding officer in his hasty retreat dropped a letter which 
 indicated the position each Confederate corps would occupy that 
 night. This letter, which gave the first information of the exact 
 whereabouts of the corps of the Confederate army, was at once 
 forwarded to the cavalry headquarters. He then pushed his com- 
 mand over the mountains and overtook the rear of one of the Con- 
 federate corps, which he attacked so vigorously that it was com- 
 pelled to form a skirmish-line to the rear. At this juncture he 
 was ordered to report to General Sedgwick, when he was attached 
 to a brigade of infantry, and the united force was instructed to 
 pursue the enemy over the mountains by the same road from which 
 he had just been recalled. This movement was continued to 
 Waynesboro, when he moved to Leitersburg, where he had a sharp 
 action with the enemy's infantry, and a few days thereafter he 
 rejoined the main army at Funkstown, Md. He was made a 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from July 3, 18G3, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg. 
 
 After the Confederate army had recrossed the Potomac at 
 Williamsport, Md., he was ordered to Harper's Ferry, where, with 
 his division, he crossed the river and marched on Shepherdstown, 
 and engaged the enemy's cavalry (under General Fitzhugh Lee) in 
 an obstinate all-day fight, but at nightfall the contending forces 
 evacuated their positions. He then moved to Warrenton, and 
 during August and until the 13th of September was employed on 
 picket and reconnaissance duty, when he was ordered to cross 
 Hazel Run and approach Culpepper from the right. The entire 
 cavalry corps moving forward, a warm engagement followed, and the 
 enemy retired behind the town, having suffered a considerable loss 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 387 
 
 in men and guns. Colonel Mcintosh, with his brigade on the right, 
 again encountered the enemy soon after leaving Culpepper and 
 forced them into a retreat, which he followed all day, and encamped 
 for the night near Cedar Mountain, lie was again engaged on the 
 11th and loth at the Rapidan, across which river the enemy had 
 retired. lie then returned to Culpepper, and marched thence with 
 his brigade to Catlett Station to guard the Orange and Alexandria 
 Railroad, and continued on that duty until the 1st of October, 
 when he was severely injured by a fall from his horse and sent to 
 Washington for medical treatment, where he remained until the 
 11th, when he was appointed commandant of the cavalry station at 
 Giesboro Point, and continued in command of the station, drilling, 
 equipping, and mounting new regiments of cavalry and sending 
 them to the front, until May 4, 18G1, when he rejoined the Army 
 of the Potomac, and was assigned, on the 5th, to command the First 
 Brigade of the Third Cavalry Division, which was then at Parker's 
 Store, on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. Upon his arrival 
 there he found only one regiment of his brigade (the others having 
 gone to Todd's Tavern), and at once deployed it as skirmishers, 
 being convinced that a heavy infantry force w r as moving against 
 him, which proved to be so. He held his position with great 
 tenacity, fell back slowly, and twice endeavored to have the force 
 on his right extended to the left go as to cover the plank- 
 road; but failing to receive any assistance, he communicated with 
 General Meade, stating his position. In a short time an answer 
 came to hold the road until a division of the Sixth Corps could 
 relieve him. When it arrived his skirmish line had been forced 
 back to within fifty yards of the Brock road. In the meantime the 
 Second Corps, commanded by General Hancock, which had crossed 
 Ely's Ford, was recalled from Todd's Tavern, and, taking a position 
 on the left of the division of the Sixth Corps, the line at Parker's 
 Store, which Colonel Mcintosh had been compelled to abandon, 
 was retaken. He was entitled to great credit for his quick con- 
 ception of the situation and the prompt action taken to obtain 
 reinforcements to hold the position. The other regiments of his 
 brigade having returned with the Second Division, he assumed com- 
 mand at the Burnt Chimneys, and was continuously engaged on the 
 left of the army until the right of the Sixth Corps had been driven 
 from the Germania plank-road, and a dispatch had been forwarded 
 
388 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to headquarters that the enemy held the Germania Ford and the 
 road leading from it. He was then moved to the right to ascertain 
 the condition of affairs, but while his brigade was deployed and 
 approaching the road he was ordered to return to the left. He 
 informed General Meade of his movement and the order just 
 received, when he was instructed to execute the original order ; 
 and by invitation he accompanied General Meade to General Sedg- 
 wick's headquarters, and, after some conversation had passed between 
 the two generals, volunteered to ascertain the true condition of 
 affairs. Taking two aides, he rode rapidly down the plank-road 
 towards the ford, and, having ascertained that the reports were 
 not true, sent a dispatch to General Sedgwick which informed him 
 of the situation, and remained on the ground directing the 
 movements of the cavalry on that flank and pushing the force to 
 the front so far as possible to ascertain the exact position of the 
 enemy. These arrangements being completed, he returned to the 
 headquarters, to find Generals Grant and Meade already mounted 
 and about to begin the first grand flank movement to the left. 
 He then recalled his brigade and returned to the left of the army, 
 where he rejoined his division. 
 
 On the 8th of May he was ordered with the Second Cavalry 
 Division to Spottsylvania, his brigade having the advance, and, 
 finding the court-house occupied by the enemy, he charged and 
 drove them away, and captured the town and many prisoners. 
 He then moved to the right and attacked General Longstreet's 
 corps in the rear, and only withdrew when ordered to do so by 
 General Sheridan. On the 10th of May (the cavalry corps being 
 on the march towards Richmond for the purpose of destroying 
 General Lee's communications with that city) he covered the cross- 
 ing of the South Anna River at Squirrel Bridge, and protected the 
 cavalry corps from a determined attack in the rear. He defeated 
 General Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry at Hanover Court-House on the 
 30th of May and captured the town ; and on the 1st of June, with 
 only three regiments of his brigade (the other three being detached 
 to destroy the bridges across the South Anna River), he defeated, 
 after heavy fighting, three brigades of the enemy at Ashland, but 
 was subsequently so hard pressed by overwhelming numbers that 
 he was compelled to retire down the railroad towards the South 
 Anna River, losing onlv a few horses and taking with him all the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 389 
 
 wounded men who could bear moving. lie was made a brevet 
 colonel, to date from June 1, 1SG1, for gallant and meritorious 
 services upon that occasion. 
 
 lie commanded his brigade in the battle of Yellow Tavern, the 
 actions at Strawberry Hill and Meadow Bridge, the skirmish near 
 Mechanicsville, the battles of Hawes' Shop and Bethesda Church ; 
 and, during the flank movement of the Army of the Potomac 
 from Cold Harbor to James River, he covered the right flank and 
 assisted in holding the country between Malvern Hill and AVhite 
 Oak Swamp during the passage of the James River. He also 
 commanded his brigade during Wilson's raid on the Danville and 
 South Side Railroad, and was engaged in the actions at Roanoke 
 Station and Stony Creek and in the battle of Petersburg. 
 
 He was promoted a captain December 7, 18G3, and in consider- 
 ation of valuable and conspicuous services was appointed a briga- 
 dier-general of volunteers, to date from July 21, 1864. He partici- 
 pated in the Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in the battle 
 of Winchester, the actions at Summit Point, Charlestown, Hall- 
 town (where he covered General Sheridan's flank when falling back), 
 and Kearneysville. His brigade, in connection with the cavalry 
 corps, resisted General Breckenridge in his attempt to cross the 
 Potomac near Shepherdstown. His brigade defeated the enemy s 
 cavalry at the Opequan and forced it to seek safety behind the 
 infantry, and captured the Eighth South Carolina Infantry in a 
 brilliant dash at Abram's Creek on the 13th of September, winning 
 a special mention in the report of General Sheridan ; and on the 
 19th of September, when in the advance, he destroyed the enemy's 
 picket and skirmish-line, and again defeated their cavalry at the 
 Opecpian at daybreak and forced it behind the infantry, and then 
 charged the latter, which was protected by earthworks, driving 
 the entire force, and, taking possession of the key position of the 
 battle-field, held it by stubborn fighting until eight o'clock a.m., 
 when he was relieved by the advance of the Eighteenth Corps. 
 General Wilson, writing of his conduct upon that occasion, says : 
 " The gallantry and determination of General Mcintosh in this 
 part of the action were most conspicuous, and I venture to say, had 
 the ground which he gained by his first dashing attack not been 
 held till the infantry bad taken position and prepared for battle, 
 the day could not have been gained by our troops." Later in the 
 
390 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 day the Third Cavalry Division was moved to the left, where, after 
 making a reconnaissance and finding the enemy's cavalry on that 
 flank, he brought down the Fifth New York Cavalry, and in 
 making a charge to determine their strength was shot in the right 
 leg and carried from the field. The bones of the leg were com- 
 pletely shattered and he was compelled to submit to an amputa- 
 tion of the limb. This misfortune closed a brilliant career of 
 field-service, and at a time when he was prominent for promotion 
 to the grade of major-general of volunteers. He was always ready 
 and willing, and had made himself a conspicuous figure in every 
 battle in which he had been engaged, and had been frequently 
 named in official reports for energy, coolness, judgment, and gal- 
 lantry in action. 
 
 The following brevet commissions, in addition to those already 
 named, were bestowed upon him, to date from March 13, 18C5 : 
 major-general of volunteers for distinguished gallantry and good 
 management at the battle of Opequan ; brigadier-general for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Winchester ; and 
 major-general for gallant and meritorious services in the field 
 during the war of the Eebellion. 
 
 His wound disabled him until February 8, 1865, when he was 
 assigned to general court-martial duty at Paducah, Ky., where he 
 served until the 5th of May. He was then appointed a member of 
 a board of officers convened at Washington to examine officers for 
 admission into the First Veteran Corps, and afterwards served on 
 general court-martial duty at Annapolis, Md. He was mustered 
 out of volunteer service April 30, 1866, and, without rejoining the 
 regiment, was appointed, in September, 1866, lieutenant-colonel 
 of the Forty-second United States Infantry (V. R. C), to date 
 from July 28, 1866, and was employed during the fall and winter 
 in organizing and drilling his regiment at Hart's Island, N. Y., 
 and in the spring of 1867 was transferred to Plattsburg, N. Y., 
 and afterwards to Madison Barracks, N. Y. He was appointed 
 in December, 1867, deputy-governor of the Soldiers' Home, and 
 served in that position until April 1, 1868. He was then ap- 
 pointed governor of the Home, and held the office until July, when 
 he resigned the position and was assigned to duty in New York 
 City as a member of a Retiring Board, and in March, 1869, he 
 was transferred to the list of unassigned officers and ordered, in 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 391 
 
 June, 1869, to California as superintendent of Indian affairs, and 
 discharged the duties of the office until Congress passed a law 
 forbidding officers of the army to hold civil office under the 
 general government. 
 
 lie was retired from active service July 30, 1870, with the rank 
 of brigadier-general, for the loss of his right leg from wounds 
 received in the line of duty, under the acts of Congress of August 
 3, 1801, and July 28, 18GG. His home is in New Brunswick, N. J., 
 where he is engaged in business pursuits. 
 
 32. Samuel S. Sumner (a son of Brigadier-General Edwin 
 V. Sumner) was born in Pennsylvania, and was appointed, from 
 at large, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry 
 June 11, 1801, and served at Washington, D. C, and Poolsville, 
 Md., from the 27th of June to the 29th of November, when he 
 was appointed an aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General Edwin V. 
 Sumner, and served in the defenses of Washington during the 
 winter of 1801-02, participated in the Manassas, Virginia Penin- 
 sular, and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of 
 Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and in the advance towards 
 Richmond until the beginning of the seven days' battles, when he 
 succumbed to an attack of malarial fever and was sent to Fortress 
 Monroe for medical treatment. He rejoined the Army of the 
 Potomac at Harrison's Landing in August, and served from War- 
 renton to the battle of Fredericksburg, and was made a brevet 
 first lieutenant, to date from June 1, 1802, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services at the battle of Fair Oaks. He was promoted a first 
 lieutenant July 17, 1802, and appointed an aide-de-camp of volun- 
 teers, with the rank of captain, August 20, 1SG2, and continued 
 to serve on the staff of General Sumner until March, 18G3, and 
 was engaged in the battle of Antietam, where he won the brevet 
 of captain for gallant and meritorious services. 
 
 He was assigned, after the death of General Sumner, to duty 
 on the staff of General Wool, and served in New York until he was 
 transferred to the stuff of General Burnside. lie then served at 
 Cincinnati until June, when he accompanied General Parke, com- 
 manding the Ninth Army Corps, to Vicksburg as a volunteer aide- 
 de-camp, still retaining his position on the staff of General Burn- 
 
392 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 side, and won the brevet of major, to date from March 13, 1805, 
 for gallant and meritorious conduct during the Vicksburg cam- 
 paign. He rejoined General Burnside in September, and served 
 at Knoxville until he was discharged from volunteer commission, 
 to date from August 15, 18G3. He rejoined the regiment at 
 Brandy Station on the 10th of November, and commanded a 
 company during the Mine Bun operations and until the 21st of 
 December, 18G3, when he availed himself of a sick-leave of ab- 
 sence until February, 1864. 
 
 He was then stationed as a mustering and disbursing officer at 
 Springfield, 111., where he served until May, 1865, when, having 
 been promoted a captain, to date from March 30, 1864, he joined 
 his company at Washington, and served with the escort to General 
 Grant until the 25th of October, when he was transferred to recon- 
 struction duty in the Southern States, and had stations at Nash- 
 ville, Memphis, Huntsville, Vicksburg, and Jackson, commanding 
 company and posts, with occasional leaves of absence, until March 
 31, 1869, when he was ordered to frontier service. He arrived at 
 Fort McPherson, Neb., on the 6th of June,, and on the 24th joined 
 the Republican River expedition, and was engaged in repulsing 
 a night attack of the enemy at Rock Creek, Col. ; the brilliant 
 action at Summit Springs, where he was distinguished for gallantry 
 and recommended for the brevet of lieutenant-colonel ; the affair in 
 the sand-hills south of Julesburg, and in the Niobrara pursuit. He 
 was assigned, in October, 1869, to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where 
 he had station until May, 1871, and was employed on field-service 
 during the summer and fall of 1870. lie then availed himself of 
 a leave of absence and visited Europe, and upon his Teturn to the 
 United States conducted a detachment of the regiment from San 
 Francisco to Arizona, and rejoined his company at Camp Bowie 
 on the 1st of July, 1872, where he served, commanding company 
 and post, until April 13, 1875. 
 
 lie then availed himself of a leave of absence, and rejoined his 
 company at Fort Hays, Kan., November 18, 1875, and served at 
 the station until June 5, 1876, when he moved by rail, with a 
 detachment of the regiment, to Cheyenne, and participated in the 
 Sioux campaign in Northern "Wyoming, Montana, and Dakota, 
 and was engaged in the affair at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), 
 Wyo. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 393 
 
 lie then marched with the regiment to Goose Creek, and 
 served with the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition during all its 
 operations, and was engaged in the skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, Neb., 
 in October, he was assigned to Fort Sidney, Neb., where he had 
 station until August 31, 1877, when he proceeded to Green River, 
 Wyo., and conducted a battalion of cavalry to Fort Washakie, and 
 served with the Wind River expedition as a battalion commander. 
 He returned to Fort Sidney in October, 1877, where he had station 
 until May, 1878, when he was assigned to field-service in Northern 
 Wyoming, and so continued until the loth of November, when he 
 availed himself of a leave of absence and did not again join, having 
 been promoted a major in the Eighth Cavalry, to date from April 
 2, 1879. He reported at San Antonio on the loth of October, 
 1879, and has since served in the Department of Texas as a post, 
 and at times as a regimental, commander. 
 
 33. George A. Custer was born in Harrison County, Ohio, 
 December 5, 1839. He was graduated from the Military Academy 
 on the 21th of June, 1861, and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry as a second lieutenant. He reported to the adjutant- 
 general of the army on the 20th of July, and was selected by 
 General Scott as a bearer of dispatches to General McDowell. He 
 started at seven o'clock p.m. for Centerville, where he arrived about 
 three o'clock a.m. of the 21st, and, having delivered his dispatches, 
 reported for duty with his company at daybreak, and participated 
 in the battle of Bull Run, where he was distinguished for gallant 
 conduct. He then served at Arlington and Alexandria, and later 
 farther to the front as an aide-de-camp and acting assistant 
 adjutant-general for General Kearney until the War Department 
 prohibited regular officers from serving on the staffs of volunteer 
 generals. He then rejoined his company and served in the de- 
 fenses of Washington during the winter of 1861-62, participated 
 in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was 
 engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, where he led his squadron 
 in a charge against the enemy's pickets and forced their retreat 
 across the stream. He served with the Army of the Potomac during 
 
394 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the change of base to the Peninsula, and marched with his com- 
 pany from Fortress Monroe to Warwick, where he was selected as 
 an assistant to the chief of engineers on the staff of General 
 (Baldy) Smith, and served in that position until the army halted 
 at the Chickahominy River. He was employed during the siege 
 of Yorktown in superintending the construction of earthworks and 
 making balloon reconnaissances, and was among the first officers to 
 discover the evacuation of the town, and reported the fact to 
 General Smith. He was engaged in the battle of Williamsburg, 
 where he attached himself to General Hancock's brigade, and was 
 highly commended by the general for leading two regiments to an 
 important position near Fort Magruder. He was engaged (com- 
 manding a company) in an important skirmish at New Bridge, 
 near Cold Harbor, on the 24th of May, which was the result of a 
 reconnaissance to secure information concerning the fords and 
 roads in that vicinity and to attack the enemy, who were reported 
 encamped near the bridge. 
 
 After General McClellan had established his headquarters about 
 one mile from the Chickahominy River, the chief engineer of the 
 army, who desired to examine the fords, directed Lieutenant 
 Custer to accompany him. Upon arrival at the river-bank he 
 turned to the young subaltern and curtly said, "Jump in." The 
 order was instantly obeyed, and Lieutenant Custer crossed the 
 river and found a firm bottom to the opposite bank, where, when 
 safely arrived, he began, notwithstanding the earnest warnings of 
 the chief engineer, a daring reconnaissance, which was continued 
 until he had examined the enemy's position and ascertained that 
 the principal picket-guard could be easily captured by a small 
 force of resolute men. He then recrossed the river and reported 
 that it was fordable. General Barnard, who did not often indulge 
 in compliments, smiled a grim approval and invited the lieutenant 
 to the headquarters, Avhere, after the facts had been reported, he 
 was offered a position as an aide-de-camp on the staff of General 
 McClellan, which was accepted, and he was appointed an addi- 
 tional aide-de-camp of volunteers, with the rank of captain, to 
 date from June 5, 18G2. He then obtained permission to attack 
 the picket-guard which he had observed on the opposite side of 
 the river, and, having crossed at daybreak, he surprised the enemy, 
 who hastily retreated, leaving their dead and wounded on the field. 
 
MILITARY HECORDS OF OFFICERS. 395 
 
 He captured some prisoners, and the first colors which were taken 
 by Hie Army of the Potomac. 
 
 JIc participated, during the subsequent operations of the Penin- 
 sular campaign, in the battle of Fair Oaks, the seven days' fighting, 
 including the battles of Gaines's Mill and Malvern Hill, the skir- 
 mish in White Oak Swamp, and the evacuation of the Peninsula. 
 When General McClellan was relieved from the command of the 
 army Captain Custer continued on his personal staff, and later 
 was engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and 
 the pursuit of the enemy to Warrenton. About this time he was 
 promoted a first lieutenant, to date from July 17, 1862. He parti- 
 cipated in the brilliant cavalry engagement at Barbee's Cross-Roads, 
 on the 5th of November, as a representative of the headquarters 
 staff, and two days thereafter he followed General McClellan 
 into retirement, and, having been placed on waiting orders, visited 
 his home, where he remained until about the 15th of January, 1863 
 (and made an unsuccessful application for the colonelcy of the 
 Seventh Michigan Cavalry), when he was summoned to New Jersey 
 to assist General McClellan in the preparation of his report of the 
 operations of the Army of the Potomac. He continued on this 
 duty until March 31, 1863, when he was discharged from volunteer 
 commission and joined his company at Capitol Hill, D. C, on 
 the 3d of April, where he served until about the 15th of May, 
 when he was appointed an aide-de-camp for General Pleasonton, 
 and participated in the closing operations of the Rappahannock 
 campaign, and was engaged in the action at Brandy Station ; 
 and for daring gallantry in the skirmish at Aldie he was 
 appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from June 
 29, 18G3, and assigned to the Michigan brigade, which under 
 his leadership became so deservedly famous. He joined the Third 
 Cavalry Division (General Kilpatrick) on the 29th of June at 
 Hanover, Pa., and participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and 
 was engaged, on the 1st of July, in a skirmish with the enemy's 
 cavalry. He had a horse killed under him on the 2d of July 
 while leading a company of the Sixth Michigan Cavalry in a 
 charge near Hunterstown. He was conspicuous on the right of the 
 National army at the battle of Gettysburg, in conjunction witli 
 the brigades of Gregg and Mcintosh, in defeating General Stuart's 
 efforts to turn that flank. He moved, on the morning of the 4th, 
 
396 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 with the Third Cavalry Division in pursuit of the enemy, and was 
 engaged in the skirmishes at the Monterey House and Hagerstown, 
 the actions at Williamsport (6th and 14th), Boonsboro, Funkstown, 
 Hagerstown, and Falling Waters, and was made a brevet major, to 
 date from July 3, 18G3, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Gettysburg. 
 
 He was then employed in Central Virginia until the end of the 
 year, and was engaged in the skirmish at King George Court- 
 House, and in the advance towards, and skirmish at, Culpepper 
 Court-House (September 13), where a piece of shell wounded him 
 on the inside of the thigh and killed his horse. He was disabled for 
 field-service until the 8th of October, when he rejoined his com- 
 mand and was engaged in the actions at James City and Brandy 
 Station (where his determined action prevented the capture of his 
 brigade), the movement towards Centerville, the actions at Gains- 
 ville and Buckland's Mills (where he suffered a repulse for which 
 he was not responsible), the skirmish at Stevensburg, and the Mine 
 Run operations. 
 
 He was on a sick-leave of absence during a part of the spring of 
 1864, but returned in time to participate in the Wilderness cam- 
 paign; and in the reorganization of the cavalry, caused by the 
 removal of General Pleasonton, the death of General Buford, and 
 the transfer of General Kilpatrick to the West, was transferred 
 with the Michigan brigade to the First Cavalry Division, which 
 crossed the Rapidan in May, the main army being towards Orange 
 Court-House. He was engaged in the battle of the Wilderness 
 (where the cavalry was on the left) and Todd's Tavern ; in General 
 Sheridan's cavalry raid towards Richmond by the way of Beaver 
 Dam Station and Ashland, during which his brigade had the advance 
 and by a gallant dash captured at Beaver Dam Station three large 
 trains which were conveying rations to the Confederate army, 
 destroyed several miles of railroad, and released four hundred 
 prisoners who were en route to Richmond. On the next day he 
 assisted in the destruction of the Ashland Station, and on the 11th 
 of May the command was within four miles of Richmond, on the 
 Brook pike, with his brigade again in the advance, and the action 
 of Yellow Tavern followed, where he won the brevet of lieutenant- 
 colonel for gallant and meritorious services. He was engaged in 
 the actions at Meadow Bridge, Mechanicsville, and Hanovertown, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 397 
 
 the battles of Ilawes' Shop and Cold Harbor, and in General Sheri- 
 dan's second raid, during which was fought the battle of Trevillian 
 Station (where his brigade was at one time in such great peril that 
 he tore the colors from the staff and concealed them in (he breast of 
 his coat), and the skirmish at Newark. After a brief rest near 
 Petersburg his brigade was transferred from the Army of the Poto- 
 mac to the Shenandoah Valley, and arrived at Hall town about the 
 8th of August, and participated, with the First Cavalry Division, in 
 the skirmishes at Stone Chaftel and Newtown, the brilliant action at 
 Cedarville, near Front Royal, the combats at Kearneysville, Smith- 
 field, Berryville, and Opequan Creek, the battles of Winchester 
 and Fisher's Hill (where he rendered conspicuous service), and the 
 actions at Cedarville and Luray. He was made a brevet colonel, 
 to date from September 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Winchester, and brevet major-general of 
 volunteers, to date from October 19, 1864, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services at the battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill. 
 
 He was assigned, on the 26th of September, to the command of 
 the Second Cavalry Division, which he attempted to join at Pied- 
 mont ; but the enemy appearing in force, he was compelled to 
 return to the cavalry headquarters, where he remained until the 
 30th, when he was transferred to the Third Cavalry Division and 
 assumed the command at Harrisonburg, and started on the 6th of 
 October, with the Army of the Shenandoah, on the return march 
 through the Valley, moving on the road nearest the Blue Eidge, 
 and repulsed the enemy that night at, Turkeytown. On the next 
 day his rear-guard was frequently engaged with the enemy during 
 the march towards Columbia Furnaces, and the next day they 
 fought his rear-guard with so much persistency that General 
 Sheridan ordered his chief of cavalry to attack them, and at 
 daybreak of the 9th of October the brilliant cavalry action of 
 Woodstock was begun. General Custer, having completed the 
 formation for a charge, rode to the front of his line and saluted 
 his former classmate, General Rosser, who commanded the Con- 
 federate cavalry, and then moved his division at a trot, which in 
 a few minutes was changed to a gallop, and as the advancing 
 line nearcd the enemy the charge was sounded, and the next in- 
 stant the division enveloped their Hanks and forced them to 
 retreat for two miles, when General Rosser made a brilliant effort 
 
39S MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to recover the lost ground ; but General Custer rapidly re-formed his 
 brigades and again advanced in a second charge with the other 
 divisions, and drove the enemy to Mount Jackson, a distance of 
 twenty-six miles, with a loss of everything on wheels except one 
 gun. 
 
 lie was conspicuous at the battle of Cedar Creek, where he 
 confronted the enemy from the first attack in the morning until 
 the battle was ended. After the first surprise he was recalled from 
 the right and assigned to the left, where the enemy were held in 
 check. After General Sheridan appeared on the field he was re- 
 turned to the extreme right, and at quarter-past four o'clock p.m., 
 when the grand advance was made, leaving three regiments to attend 
 to the cavalry in his front, he moved into position with the other 
 regiments of his division to participate in the movement. The 
 divisions of cavalry, sweeping both flanks, crossed Cedar Creek about 
 the same time, and, breaking the last line the enemy attempted 
 to form, charged upon their artillery and trains and continued the 
 pursuit to Fisher's Hill, capturing and retaking a large number of 
 guns, colors, and materials of war. He won in this battle an 
 enduring fame as a cavalry leader, and was recommended by General 
 Torbert for promotion, which, upon several occasions, he had 
 justly earned. He was sent to Washington at the end of the cam- 
 paign in charge of the captured battle-flags, and upon his return 
 to the Valley commanded, in December, an expedition to Har- 
 risonburg, and was attacked at Lacey Springs, at daybreak of the 
 .^Oth, by a superior force, and compelled to retire to "Winchester, 
 where he remained during the winter. No important events 
 marked his career during this period, except his promotion to a 
 captaincy in the regiment, to date from May 8, 1864, and an 
 assignment to duty on his brevet rank as a major-general of 
 volunteers. 
 
 He participated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid during 
 the spring of 1865, marching from Winchester to Harrisonburg, and 
 thence to Waynesboro, where, while in the advance, he engaged 
 and defeated the enemy and captured three guns, two hundred 
 wagons, sixteen hundred prisoners, and seventeen battle-flags. He 
 was a conspicuous figure in the brilliant operations of that dash- 
 ing movement until the command (First and Third Divisions), 
 having crossed the Peninsula and the James River, encamped, on 
 
MILITARY EECOKDS OF OFFICERS. 399 
 
 the 2Gth of March, in rear of the Army of the Potomac, which 
 was then in front of Petersburg. 
 
 On the next day the two divisions were moved to the rear of 
 the extreme left and encamped at Hancock's Station, where they 
 Avere joined by the Second Division, and on the 29th the entire cav- 
 alry corps moved out to raid in the rear of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia, cut the South Side Railroad, and effect a junction 
 with General Sherman in North Carolina; but the plans were 
 changed during the night, and the cavalry corps was ordered to 
 turn the enemy's right flank, which brought on the actions at 
 Five Forks and Dinwiddie Court-House, and the next day General 
 Custer Avon the brevet of brigadier-general, to date from March 
 13, 18G5 (antedated), for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Five Forks. He was engaged in the actions at Sailor's 
 Creek and Appomattox Station, received the first flag of truce 
 from the Army of Northern Virginia, and was present at the sur- 
 render at Appomattox Court-House, April 9, 18G5, and a few days 
 afterwards participated in the movement to Dan Eiver, N. C, 
 which marks the close of his services during the war of the 
 Eebellion. He was made a brevet major-general, to date from 
 March 13, 18G5, for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 campaign ending with the surrender of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia, and was appointed a major-general of volunteers, to date 
 from April 15, 1865. 
 
 That a high class standing at the Military Academy does not 
 always indicate the future successful soldier has been often proved, 
 and in no case more forcibly than in General Custer's : his class 
 graduated thirty-four men, of which number thirty-three were 
 above him. His perceptive faculties, decision of character, dash, 
 and audacity won the favor of the peculiar Kearney, the cautious 
 McClellan, the sarcastic Pleasonton, and the impetuous Sheridan ; 
 and these generals, with wholly different ideas and characters, 
 trusted him with unlimited confidence. During the period that 
 he commanded the Third Cavalry Division he captured one 
 hundred and eleven guns, sixty-five battle-flags, and ten thousand 
 prisoners of war, and in his farewell order to his veteran troopers 
 he said : "I only ask that my name may be written as that of the 
 commander of the Third Cavalry Division." 
 
 He was assigned, after the grand review, to the South-wear, 
 
400 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and commanded a division of cavalry at Alexandria, La., until 
 July, when he was transferred to the Division of the Gulf, and 
 thence, in November, to the Department of Texas, where he 
 served as chief of cavalry until March, 1866, when he was mustered 
 out of volunteer service at Houston, to date from February 1, 1866. 
 He then availed himself of a leave of absence and entered into 
 negotiations with the Mexican government to become chief of 
 cavalry for Juarez in the final struggle with Maximilian, having 
 been strongly recommended for the position by General Grant ; 
 but the President declined to give him a leave of absence for that 
 purpose, and he was compelled to resign his commission or 
 abandon the enterprise. He adopted the latter course, and in 
 September was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Seventh Cav- 
 alry, to date from July 28, 1866, and joined his regiment at Port 
 Riley, Kan., in November, 1866, and served on the plains until 
 January, 1871, participating in Hancock's expedition to South- 
 western Kansas and the Indian Territory in the spring of 1867; 
 commanding an expedition to the Republican River Valley during 
 the summer of 1867, and commanding his regiment in the cam- 
 paign south of the Arkansas River during the fall of 1868, and 
 was engaged in the battle of Washita, near the Antelope Hills, in 
 the Indian Territory, on the 27th of November, where he inflicted 
 a crushing defeat upon a large force of Cheyennes, and the vigor 
 of his operations during the winter compelled the entire tribe to 
 return to their reservation. He served near Fort Hays during 
 the summer of 1869, at Fort Leavenworth during the winter of 
 1869-70, and was employed on field-service from May to November, 
 1870. He availed himself of a leave of absence in January, 1871, 
 and rejoined his regiment in Kentucky in August, and commanded 
 the post of Elizabethtown until the spring of 1873, when he was 
 ordered to the Department of Dakota, and moved with his com- 
 mand by water to Yankton, and marched thence to Fort Rice, 
 where he arrived about the end of May, and, joining Colonel 
 Stanley's Yellowstone expedition, was engaged, on the 4th of Au- 
 gust, with the Sioux on the Yellowstone near the mouth of 
 Tongue River ; and on the 11th on the Yellowstone three miles 
 below the mouth of the Big Horn River. When the expedition 
 was disbanded he was assigned to Fort Abraham Lincoln, where 
 he had station from September, 1873, to May, 1876, and was 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 401 
 
 employed in the usual duties of a post and regimental commander, 
 with occasional leaves of absence and tours of detached service, 
 and commanded, in the summer of 1874, an exploring expedition 
 into the Black Hills of Dakota. 
 
 He set out from Fort Abraham Lincoln with the Seventh 
 Cavalry, on the loth of May, 187G, to participate in a campaign 
 against the confederated Sioux tribes, and, while conducting a 
 pursuit of the enemy, discovered them on the Little Big Horn 
 River, Mon., on the 25th of June. He divided his command into 
 two columns, and moved upon the enemy about three o'clock p.m., 
 first sending Major Reno's battalion over the ford near the upper 
 end of the village, while he moved down the river with five companies 
 until he arrived nearly opposite the centre of the village, and at a 
 greater distance from Major Reno than he had intended, being 
 about two miles from him in an air-line and three and a half 
 miles by the trail. The enemy quickly repulsed Major Reno, who 
 retreated, with severe loss, to a high bluff on the opposite side of 
 the river, where he was joined by Captain Benteen, who had been 
 dispatched that morning with three companies on a reconnaissance 
 before the enemy were discovered, and an effort was then made to 
 join Lieutenant-Colonel Custer; but the enemy appeared in such 
 force that the movement was abandoned and the command in- 
 trenched on the bluff, where it was subjected to a furious assault, 
 losing sixty-four men killed and wounded. Meanwhile the enemy, 
 having Major Reno's command in a state of siege, turned upon 
 Lieutenant Colonel Custer with an overwhelming force, and, in a 
 struggle which continued about forty-five minutes, annihilated his 
 entire command, only one Indian scout (Curly) escaping to tell 
 the story of the disaster. What Custer's thoughts and feelings 
 were during this struggle against overwhelming odds and in the 
 presence of death may be surmised but never known. His method 
 of attack had miscarried. Seven companies of his command were 
 cut off, and he was unable to communicate with them. But he 
 undoubtedly fought against time, hoping for the night to come, 
 which might give a chance for the detached companies to join him 
 or enable him to prepare for a successful defense until the column 
 under General Terry and Colonel Gibbons, due twenty-four hours 
 later, should arrive. With these hopes he doubtless cheered his 
 men in the unequal contest, yielding ground by inches until he 
 26 
 
402 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 
 
 ■was brought to bay on a knoll near the river, where with about 
 thirty of his officers and men he fought heroically to the end 
 against the merciless savages who surrounded him. And thus the 
 hero of many a gallant cavalry charge died fighting hand-to-hand 
 with the veteran warriors of the Sioux tribes at the head of all 
 that remained of his devoted squadrons. 
 
 After a season of rest in rude sepulchre on the field where he 
 fell, his remains were removed to West Point, N. Y., where they 
 were interred with imposing ceremonies, and in August, 1879, his 
 last battle-field was announced, in orders from the headquarters of 
 the army, as a national cemetery. 
 
 On the 30th of August, 1879, a monument erected to his 
 memory was unveiled at West Point in the presence of a distin- 
 guished audience. Algernon S. Sullivan delivered the presentation 
 address, and William McDonald, the sculptor, unveiled the statue 
 amid prolonged applause and a salute of thirteen guns, while the 
 band played Custer's favorite charging-tune, " Garry Owen." 
 Major- General Schofield accepted the statue. General Banks 
 delivered the oration. The distinguished tragedian, John McCul- 
 lough, recited "Custer's Last Ride," and the exercises closed with 
 Henry Morford's "Hail and Farewell to Custer," sung by a 
 quintette of distinguished artists, and many voices in the audience 
 joined in the chorus. 
 
 The statue stands in the centre of the green in the angle formed 
 by the mess-hall and the superintendent's office, and can he seen 
 from the river. The figure is a statuesque portrait of Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Custer in his last battle. It is eight feet in height, dressed 
 in the uniform of his grade, and stands on a granite pedestal 
 about six feet in height. On the east side of the pedestal, facing 
 the river, is a bass-relief in bronze which represents him on horse- 
 back and riding through a pine forest. The northern and southern 
 medallions are devoted to Indian trophies, including a buffalo-head 
 in bronze and other figures. On the west side, facing the barracks, 
 is the inscription, " George A. Custer, Lieutenant-Colonel Seventh 
 Cavalry, brevet major-general United States Army, Born Decem- 
 ber 5, 1839, in Harrison County, Ohio. Killed, with his entire 
 command, in the battle of Little Big Horn, June 25, 1876." 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Custer at twenty-five years of age was known 
 as a successful cavalry general, and his death at a period of almost 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 403 
 
 profound peace, in a contest with a handful of men against a horde 
 of merciless savages, was a national calamity. 
 
 His dash, daring, and entire devotion to duty when there was 
 need for his services made him a typical soldier among soldiers. 
 He died on the field of battle with his face to the foe, and his 
 name is forever enveloped in the purple mist of soug. 
 
 34. William H. Brow^ was born in Maryland about 1837. 
 He was serving as an enlisted man in the Fifth (old Second) Cav- 
 alry when he was appointed a second lieutenant in the Eleventh 
 (now Sixteenth) Infantry, May 14, 1861. He was promoted, in 
 that regiment, a first lieutenant September 9, 1861. He resigned 
 October 23, 1861, and was appointed on the same day a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, and joined at Camp Cliffburn, 
 near Washington. He served, as regimental quartermaster, from 
 December 1, 1861, to December 1, 1862, in the defenses of Wash- 
 ington, and participated in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular 
 campaigns, and was present during the siege of Yorktown and the 
 advance towards Eichmond. 
 
 He was appointed an assistant quartermaster of volunteers, 
 with the rank of captain, December 1, 1862, and served in that 
 grade, chiefly with the Army of the Potomac, until August 25, 
 1865, when he was discharged and made a brevet major of volun- 
 teers, to date from March 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious 
 services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant July 17, 1862, and a cap- 
 tain April 1, 1865, and was made a brevet captain, to date from 
 June 18, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 Piedmont and Lynchburg expedition ; and a brevet major, to date 
 from April 1, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Five Forks. 
 
 He joined his company in December, 1865, and served at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, and New Market, Winchester, and Richmond, Va., 
 until September, 1868, when he was transferred to the frontier and 
 entered upon a tour of field-service, and was engaged in the affairs 
 on Shuter Creek and the north branch of Solomon River, Kan., in 
 
404 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 October, 1868 ; participated in the Canadian Eiver expedition dur- 
 ing the winter of 1868-69, and in the march from Fort Lyon, Col., 
 to Fort McPherson, Neb., in May, 1869, and was engaged en route 
 in the actions at Beaver and Spring creeks. He participated, 
 during August and September, 1869, in the closing operations of 
 the Eepublican Eiver expedition, and was engaged in the affair 
 in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, the Niobrara pursuit, and the 
 affair on Prairie Dog Creek. He then served at Fort McPherson 
 and North Platte, having occasional tours of field-service, until 
 November 27, 1871, when he proceeded with the first detachment 
 of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of Cali- 
 fornia, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell, January 8, 1872. 
 He served as acting assistant inspector-general of the Department 
 of Arizona from June 12, 1872, to May 1, 1873, and participated 
 in the Apache campaign of 1872-73, and was engaged in the com- 
 bats at the Caves in Salt Eiver Canon and on Pinto Creek. He 
 was then assigned to the command of Camp Grant and the San Car- 
 los Eeservation, where he had stations until April, 1874, and was 
 engaged, during September and October, 1873, in four combats 
 with hostile Apaches in the Sierra Ancha and Mazatzal Moun- 
 tains. He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be 
 a brevet lieutenant- colonel, to date from December 28, 1872, for 
 gallant conduct in an engagement with Tonto Apache Indians at 
 the Caves ; to be a brevet colonel, to date from April 9, 1873, for 
 gallant conduct in the closing campaign against the Tonto Apache 
 Indians ; and to be a brevet brigadier-general, to date from October 
 30, 1873, for gallant and distinguished conduct in an action with 
 Delche's band of Apache Indians in the Mazatzal Mountains. 
 
 He served as a member of a board of officers convened at Los 
 Angeles, Cal., for the purchase of cavalry horses, from April to 
 June, 1874. He then availed himself of a sick-leave of absence for 
 one year, and died in New York City on the 4th of June, 1875. 
 
 35. Thomas E. Maley was born in Ireland, and emigrated at 
 an early age to the United States. He enlisted in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry at St. Louis in May, 1855, and marched with the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 405 
 
 regiment to Texas, where he served as a non-commissioned officer, 
 and was distinguished for gallant conduct in a combat with hos- 
 tile Indians on the Guadalupe River, March 8, 1850. He was ap- 
 pointed regimental quartermaster-sergeant, to date from February 
 1, 1857, and served in that grade until the expiration of his enlist- 
 ment. 
 
 He was appointed, June 15, 18G0, a freight and ticket agent 
 of the Illinois Central and Toledo, Wabash, and Western Railroad, 
 and discharged the duties of the position at Oilman, 111., until 
 September 12, 1861, when he was appointed a first lieutenant and 
 regimental quartermaster of the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and 
 served in the grade until April 22, 1862, when, having been ap- 
 pointed, from Illinois, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from April 14, 1862, he was honorably discharged from the 
 volunteer service. He joined the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry at 
 its organization, and his experience in the quartermaster's depart- 
 ment was of great value at a time when the company officers were 
 inexperienced in such matters, and the fidelity and integrity with 
 which he discharged the duties of his office were fittingly acknow- 
 ledged in a regimental order. 
 
 He joined his company on the 29th of April, and on the 9th 
 of May was appointed regimental adjutant. He participated in 
 the Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and Rappahannock campaigns, 
 and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williams- 
 burg and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the 
 advance towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, 
 the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the battle of Gaines's Mill 
 (wounded), the skirmish at Savage Station, the battle of Malvern 
 Hill, the skirmish in the White Oak Swamp, with the regiment 
 as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during 
 the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain 
 and Antietam; the pursuit of the enemy to, and skirmish near, 
 Shepherdstown, the engagement near Halltown, the skirmishes 
 near Union and Upperville, the action at Markham's Station, 
 the skirmishes at Barbee's Cross-Roads and Amissville, the battle 
 of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant July 17, 1862, and vacated 
 his position as adjutant December 1, 1862, having been appointed 
 regimental quartermaster. He served in winter camp near Fal- 
 
406 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 mouth 1862-63, participated in General Stoneman's raid towards 
 Richmond, and was engaged during June in the battle of Beverly 
 Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, and the actions at Middletown and 
 Snicker's Gap. He then participated in the Pennsylvania and 
 Central Virginia campaigns, and was engaged in the battle of 
 Gettysburg, the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, 
 and Falling Waters, the engagement of Manassas Gap, the skir- 
 mish near Front Royal, the battle of Brandy Station, the action at 
 Morton's Ford, the combat of Bristoe Station, and the Mine Run 
 operations. 
 
 He served in winter camp near Mitchell's Station, Va., 1863-64, 
 and participated in the Wilderness campaign, and was engaged in 
 the battle of Todd's Tavern, the actions at Beaver Dam Station, 
 Yellow Tavern, and Meadow Bridge, the skirmish near Mechanics- 
 ville, the battles of Cold Harbor, Trevillian Station, and Deep Bot- 
 tom, where he commanded the regiment and was severely wounded 
 and disabled for service until the 15th of November, when he was 
 assigned to Carlisle, where he served as adjutant, commissary, and 
 quartermaster (resigned the appointment of regimental quarter- 
 master November 30, 1864) until September, 1866. He was pro- 
 moted a captain July 28, 1866, and rejoined at Washington on 
 the 13th of November, where he served until April 26, 1867, when 
 he was assigned to reconstruction duty in Georgia and served at 
 Atlanta until April 12, 1869. He was then transferred to the 
 Department of the Platte and served with the Republican River 
 expedition, and was engaged in repulsing a night attack of the 
 enemy at Rock Creek and in the brilliant action at Summit 
 Springs, where he was distinguished for gallantry. It was now 
 apparent that the gun-shot wound received at Deep Bottom had 
 permanently disabled him, and a few days after the action at 
 Summit Springs he was ordered, at his own request, before a 
 retiring board and found incapacitated for active service. He 
 was then granted a sick-leave of absence until December 15, 1870, 
 when he was retired with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, under the 
 acts of Congress of August 3, 1861, and July 28, 1866, for 
 wounds received in the line of duty. He was reduced to the grade 
 of captain (mounted) by the act of Congress of March 3, 1875, 
 but was subsequently restored to the grade of lieutenant-colonel 
 by the act of Congress of March 3, 1877. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 407 
 
 He was made a brevel first lieutenant, to date from June 27, 
 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Gaines's 
 Mill ; a brevet captain, to date from September 17, 1862, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Antietam ; and a 
 brevet major, to date from July 28, 1864, for gallant and meritori- 
 ous services at the battle of Deep Bottom. His home is near Aus- 
 tin, Cook County, 111., where he is engaged in agricultural pur- 
 suits. 
 
 36. Gustavus Ueban was born in Prussia about 1834 and 
 emigrated at an early age to the United States. He enlisted in 
 the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry in July, 1855, and marched with 
 the regiment to Texas, where he served as a non-commissioned 
 officer until the expiration of his term of enlistment, and was en- 
 gaged in several combats with hostile Indians and in the brilliant 
 action at Small Creek, a tributary of the Nescutunga, May 13, 
 1859. 
 
 He re-enlisted in July, 1860, and was appointed regimental 
 quartermaster-sergeant March 1, 1861. When Texas was sur- 
 rendered to the insurgents he marched with the headquarters from 
 Fort Mason to Indianola, and embarked with the second detach- 
 ment on the steamship Emjrire City and sailed for New York 
 Harbor, and proceeded thence to Carlisle, where he arrived on the 
 27th of April, 1861. 
 
 He participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, 
 and was engaged in the action at Falling Waters and the 
 skirmishes near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. He was dis- 
 charged from his enlistment on the 16th of September, 1861, 
 having been appointed an assistant adjutant-general of volunteers 
 with the rank of captain. He had previously declined the appoint- 
 ment of first lieutenant and regimental quartermaster of the Third 
 Kentucky Cavalry, to date from September 12, 1861. He was 
 assigned to duty with Brigadier-General (L. P.) Graham, and 
 served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, participated in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular 
 campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown and the 
 battle of Williamsburg. He then joined Brigadier-General Aber- 
 
408 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 crombie, and served with him until after the battle of Malvern 
 Hill, when he was recommended for an appointment in the 
 regular army by the general, who said : " There are very few, 
 if any, of his rank who have a stronger claim for advancement. 
 His services to me at the battle of Fair Oaks as a staff officer were 
 invaluable." 
 
 He was appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from July 17, 18G2, and was promoted a first lieutenant with 
 the same date. He resigned his volunteer commission January 30, 
 1863, and joined the regiment at Falmouth, Va., on the 8th of 
 February, and was employed on provost duty on the north side of 
 the Potomac until April, when he participated in General Stone- 
 man's raid towards Richmond, and was engaged in the combats 
 near Brandy Station and Fleming's Cross-Roads, where he was 
 distinguished for gallantry. 
 
 He was severely wounded at the battle of Beverly Ford (dis- 
 tinguished for gallantry) and disabled for service until August 7, 
 1863, when he was appointed a mustering and disbursing officer 
 and an acting provost-marshal of the Fifth District in !N"ew York 
 City, where he had station until April, 1864, when he rejoined the 
 regiment at Mitchell's Station, Va., and participated in General 
 Sheridan's raid, the battle of Todd's Tavern, the actions at Beaver 
 Dam Station, Yellow Tavern, and Meadow Bridge, the skirmish 
 near Mechanicsville, the battles of Cold Harbor, Trevillian Sta- 
 tion, and Deep Bottom (wounded). He commanded the regiment 
 from the 4th of September to the 3d of December, and was en- 
 gaged in the battle of Winchester, the action near Milford, the 
 skirmish near Front Royal, the actions near Luray and Woodstock, 
 the battle of Cedar Creek, and the raid into Loudon Valley. He 
 served near Winchester during the winter of 1864-65, and par- 
 ticipated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid in the spring 
 of 1865, and was engaged in the skirmishes near Staunton and 
 Bent's Creek and the action at South Anna Bridge. He then 
 rejoined the Army of the Potomac and participated in the closing 
 Richmond campaign, and was engaged in the actions at Five 
 Forks and Dinwiddie Court-House and the battle of Five Forks. 
 He commanded the regiment during April in the action at Ap- 
 pomattox River, the skirmishes at Bnrkesville, Farmville, Prince 
 Edward's Court-House, Amelia Court-House, and at the surrender 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 409 
 
 of the Army of Northern Virginia on the 9th of April, 1SG5. lie 
 was made a brevet captain, to date from June 9, 1863, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Beverly Ford, and a 
 brevet major, to date from July 28, 18G4, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services at the battle of Deep Bottom. 
 
 He was appointed, in May, 18G5, an aide-de-camp for Major- 
 General Wesley Merritt, and served in the Division of the South- 
 west and in the Department of Texas until November, when he 
 was relieved and joined his company in December at Cumberland, 
 Md., and served at that station until January, 1866, when he was 
 assigned to reconstruction duty in the Carolinas and served at 
 Raleigh (where he received his promotion to a captaincy, to date 
 from July 28, 18GG) and Morganton, N. 0., until September, 18G8, 
 when he was transferred to Kansas, and was engaged in October 
 in the affairs on Prairie Dog Creek, Shuter Creek, and the north 
 branch of Solomon River, Kan. He participated in the Canadian 
 River expedition during the winter of 1868-69 and in the march 
 from Fort Lyon, Col., to Fort McPherson, Neb., and was engaged 
 en route in the actions at Beaver and Spring creeks. He also 
 served with the Republican River expedition during the summer 
 of 1869. He was then assigned to Fort McPherson, where he died 
 on the 11th of January, 1871. He was highly esteemed as a 
 brave and faithful officer, and was deservedly conspicuous for 
 integrity and entire devotion to duty. His remains were taken to 
 Morganton, N. C, where they now rest. 
 
 37. Jeremiah C. Dexxet was born in Ireland about 1834 
 and emigrated at an early age to the United States. He enlisted 
 in the mounted service in March, 1855, and was assigned to the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, and served with the regiment in 
 Texas, as a private and corporal in the band, until August 1, 
 1858. He was then appointed chief bugler and retained the posi- 
 tion until May 1, I860, when he was appointed sergeant-major 
 and served in that grade until July 25, 1862. 
 
 He participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, 
 and was engaged in the action at Falling Waters and the skir- 
 mishes near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. He served in the 
 
410 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 defenses of Washington from August, 1861, to March, 1862 ; par- 
 ticipated in the Manassas and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and 
 was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of York- 
 town, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes 
 with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle 
 of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, 
 and the battle of Gaines's Mill, where he was severely injured. 
 He was transferred, July 25, 1862, to the general service and 
 assigned as a clerk in the War Department. He was appointed, 
 in September, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from July 17, 1862, and was promoted a first lieutenant with the 
 same date. He joined the regiment and participated in the Mary- 
 land and Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the battles 
 of South Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherds- 
 town, the engagement near Halltown, the skirmishes near Union 
 and Upperviile, the action at Markham's Station, the skirmishes 
 at Barbee's Cross-Roads and Amissville, the battle of Fredericks- 
 burg, and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1862-63 near Falmouth, Ya., 
 and was employed as a company commander and as acting regi- 
 mental-quartermaster until about the end of April. He then 
 availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until June, when he 
 rejoined the regiment and was engaged, during the summer, in 
 the battle of Beverly Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at 
 Middletown and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the 
 actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Waters, the engagement of Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front 
 Royal, and the battle of Brandy Station. 
 
 He was assigned, in September, 1863, to Point Lookout, Md., 
 where he served until July, 1864, when he rejoined the regiment 
 and was engaged in the battle of Deep Bottom. He commanded 
 the regiment from the 28th of July to the 31st of August, and 
 was engaged in the action near Winchester and White Post, the 
 skirmishes near Shepherdstown, Front Royal, Kearneysville, White 
 Post, and Smithfield, and was engaged, during September and 
 October, in the affair at Berryville, the action near Mil ford, the 
 skirmish near Front Royal, the actions near Luray and Woodstock, 
 the battle of Cedar Creek (where he Avon the brevet of captain, 
 to date from October 19, 1861, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 411 
 
 vices), the raid into Loudon Valley, the skirmishes near Madison 
 Court-House and Gordonsville, and the action near Paris. 
 
 He served near Winchester during the winter of 18G4-65, and 
 participated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid in the spring 
 of L865, and was engaged in the skirmishes near Staunton and 
 Bent's Creek and the action at South Anna Bridge. He then 
 rejoined the Army of the Potomac and was captured in the action 
 at Five Forks, March 30, 18G5, and reported himself on the 
 3d of April as a paroled prisoner of war. He joined for duty on 
 the 1st of May, and commanded the regiment until the 25th of 
 June, and conducted it to Cumberland, Md., where he arrived 
 on the 5th of June and had station until January, 18GG, when 
 he was transferred to Washington, where he served until October. 
 He was promoted a captain, to date from July 28, 18G6, and 
 joined his company in North Carolina and served on reconstruc- 
 tion duty at Raleigh, Kingston, Ashville, and Morganton until 
 September,* 1868, when he was transferred to Kansas, and was 
 engaged, in October, in the affairs on Prairie Dog Creek, Shuter 
 Creek, and the north branch of Solomon River, Kan. He was 
 sick in hospital at Fort Wallace, Kan., from November 1, 1868, 
 to February 3, 1869, when he rejoined his company and marched 
 from Fort Lyon, Col., to Fort McPherson, Neb., and was engaged 
 en route in the actions at Beaver and Spring Creeks. He ac- 
 companied the Eepublican River expedition of 1869, against the 
 judgment of his superiors, as his mind was somewhat impaired 
 because of the death of his wife, but it was hoped by his friends 
 that the activity and excitements of field-service would fully re- 
 store his health. It soon became apparent, however, that it would 
 not be prudent to intrust him with the care of his company, and 
 he was accordingly relieved from command and returned, with an 
 escort, to Fort McPherson, where he died on the 12th of June, 
 1869. His remains rest in the national cemetery near North 
 Platte, Neb. He was recommended in the fall of 18G8, by Generals 
 Emory and Merritt, for the appointment of brevet major for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg, lb" was 
 a man of generous impulses, faithful to his friendships, and es- 
 teemed by those who knew him as a gallant officer and courteous 
 gentleman. 
 
412 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 38. Philip Dwyer was born in Ireland about 1837 and emi- 
 grated at an early age to the United States. He enlisted at Boston 
 in 1858, and was assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, and 
 served in Texas as a non-commissioned officer until the State was 
 surrendered to the insurgents, when he accompanied the regiment 
 to Carlisle. He participated in Lieutenant Tompkins' dashing 
 charge at Fairfax Court-House on the 1st of June, 1SG1, and in 
 the battle of Bull Bun, and was appointed, September 16, 1861, 
 regimental quartermaster-sergeant, and held the position until 
 September 22, 1862. He served in the defenses of Washington 
 during the winter of 1861-62, participated in the Manassas, Vir- 
 ginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and Avas engaged in 
 the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost 
 daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Bich- 
 mond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance to- 
 wards Ashland, the battle of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage 
 Station, the battle of Malvern Hill, the skirmish in 'the AVhite 
 Oak Swamp, with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of 
 the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, 
 the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and the skirmish 
 near Shepherdstown. 
 
 He was discharged from his enlistment September 22, 1862, 
 having been appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from July 17, 1862. He was promoted a first lieutenant 
 with the same date. He served with his company until November 
 29, 1862, when he was appointed regimental commissary, and held 
 the position until he was promoted a captain, to date from July 31, 
 1866. He was engaged, during November and December, 1862, in 
 the skirmish near Union, the action near Piedmont, the skirmish 
 at Upperville, the action at Markham's Station, the skirmishes at 
 Barbee's Cross-Boads and Amissville, and the battle of Fredericks- 
 burg. 
 
 He served during the winter and spring of 1862-63 near Fal- 
 mouth, Va., as regimental commissary until March 22, 1863, when 
 he was appointed commissary of the Regular Cavalry Brigade 
 and held the position until July, 1861. and was present at many 
 of the battles in which the brigade was engaged, and was made 
 a brevet captain, to date from June 11, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Trevillian Station. He then 
 
MILITAKT RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 413 
 
 rejoined the regiment and was engaged in the buttle of Deep Bot- 
 tom, and was captured in a guerrilla affair between Berryville 
 and Charlestown, Va., on the loth of August, 1864, and held as 
 a prisoner of war until May, 18G5, when he rejoined the regi- 
 mental headquarters and served at Cumberland, Md., and Wash- 
 ington until the 27th of August, 18GG. He was then selected for 
 recruiting service and had stations at Cleveland and St. Louis 
 until February, 1869, when he was ordered to join his company 
 at Jackson, Miss. He served at that station until the 31st of 
 March, when he was transferred to Port McPherson, Neb., where 
 he arrived on the 31st of May, and a few days afterwards joined 
 the Republican River expedition, and was engaged in the affairs 
 in the sand-hills near Frenchman's Fork and at Rock Creek, the 
 brilliant action at Summit Springs and the affair on Prairie Dog 
 Creek. He was assigned, at the end of the campaign, to Fort D. 
 A. Russell, Wyo., where he had station until December, 1871, and 
 was employed on field-service during the summer of 1870. 
 
 He then proceeded with the second detachment of the regi- 
 ment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, 
 to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Date Creek February 11, 1872, 
 where he served until August 29, 1872, when he died of disease. 
 His remains rest in the national cemetery near Prescott, A. T. 
 He was recommended in the fall of 18G8, by Generals Emory 
 and Merritt, for the appointment of brevet major for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Deep Bottom. He was a 
 man of remarkably quiet manner and pleasing address, and was 
 universally esteemed. 
 
 39. James Hastings was born in England. He was a ser- 
 geant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged on the 22d 
 of September, 1862, having been appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the regiment, to date from July 17, 1862. He served as an 
 enlisted man in Texas, and was engaged, in December, 1859, in 
 the actions against the Cortinas marauders near Brownsville and 
 Ringgold Barracks. When Texas was surrendered to the insur- 
 gents he accompanied the first detachment of the regiment to 
 Carlisle, where he arrived on the 13th of April, 1861. He was en- 
 
414 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 gaged in the capture of Alexandria and the battle of Bull Run. 
 served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and 
 Maryland campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar 
 Knn, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in 
 almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance 
 towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, the re- 
 connaissances towards Ashland and the White House, the skir- 
 mish near Polgreen's Church (commanding), the skirmish near 
 Sycamore Church, with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard 
 of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Penin- 
 sula, the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the pursuit of 
 the enemy to Warrenton, and the skirmish near Shepherdstown. 
 
 He joined his company in the field and participated, during the 
 closing months of 1862, in the engagement near, and reconnais- 
 sance to, Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, 
 the action at Markham's Station, the skirmishes at Barbee's Cross- 
 Roads, Little Washington, and Amissville, the affair south of War- 
 renton, the skirmish near Rappahannock Bridge, the battle of 
 Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He was regimental adjutant from December 1, 1862, to July 
 31, 1866, and served continuously with the regiment during the 
 war of the Rebellion, and was engaged in General Stoneman's raid 
 towards Richmond, April-May, 1863 (distinguished for gallantry 
 at Fleming's Cross-Road s), and later in the battle of Beverly Ford, 
 where he was again distinguished for gallantry. He then partici- 
 pated in the Pennsylvania and Central Virginia campaigns, and 
 was engaged in the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at Middletown 
 and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the actions at Wil- 
 liamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the engage- 
 ment of Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front Royal, the action 
 and battle near Brandy Station, the action at Morton's Ford, the 
 combat of Bristoe Station, and the Mine Run operations. 
 
 He served, during the winter of 1863-64, near Mitchell's Sta- 
 tion, Va., where he received his promotion to be a first lieutenant, 
 to date from September 25, 1863. He was engaged, during Feb- 
 ruary and March, 1864, in the actions near Barnett's Ford on 
 the Rapidan, Charlottesville, and Stannardsville, and the skirmish 
 near Morton's Ford. He then participated in the Wilderness cam- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 415 
 
 jpaigil of 1864, and was engaged in the battle of Todd's Tavern, 
 the actions at Beaver Dam Station, Yellow Tavern, and Meadow 
 Bridge, the skirmish near Mechanicsville, the battles of Cold 
 Harbor, Trevillian Station, and Deep Bottom. He was transferred, 
 in August, 1864, to the Shenandoah Valley and participated in the 
 brilliant operations of General Sheridan's campaign, and was en- 
 gaged in the action near Winchester and White Post, the skir- 
 mishes near Shepherdstown, Front Royal, and Eeameysville, the 
 affair at White Post, the action at Smithfield, the affair at Berry- 
 ville (commanding regiment), the battle of Winchester, the action 
 near Milford, the skirmish near Front Royal, the actions near 
 Luray and Woodstock, the battle of Cedar Creek, the raid into 
 Loudon Valley, the skirmishes near Madison Court-House and 
 Gordonsville, and the action near Paris. He was made a brevet 
 captain, to date from September 19, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services at the battle of Winchester. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1864-65 near Winchester, and 
 participated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid in the spring 
 of 1865, and was engaged in the skirmishes near Staunton and 
 Bent's Creek and the action at South Anna Bridge. He then re- 
 joined the Army of the Potomac and participated in the closing 
 Richmond campaign, and was engaged in the action at Five Forks, 
 the engagement near Dinwiddie Court-House (where he won the 
 brevet of major, to date from March 31, 1805, for gallant and 
 meritorious services), the battle of Five Forks, the action at Appo* 
 mattox River, the skirmishes at Burkesville, Farmville, Prince 
 Edward's Court-House, Amelia Court-House, and was present at 
 the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, April 9, 1865. 
 He then marched with the regiment to Cumberland, Md., 
 where he arrived on the 5th of June, and served until the 24th 
 of October, when he changed station, with the headquarters, to 
 Washington, D. C, where he served until August 27, 1866, when 
 he was relieved from duty as adjutant, at his own request, to date 
 from July 31, 1866, and accepted a tour of recruiting service at 
 Indianapolis and Carlisle until January 30, 1867, when he joined 
 his company in South Carolina, having previously declined a cap< 
 taincy in the Tenth Cavalry, to date from July 28, 1866. 
 
 He served at Edgefield and Aiken, S. C, until September, 1867, 
 when, having been promoted a captain, to date from August 11, 
 
416 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 1867, lie joined his company and served at Montgomery, Ala., and 
 Atlanta, Ga., until November 14, 18G8, when he was ordered be- 
 fore a retiring board, and on the 22d of December, 1808, in con- 
 formity with the recommendation thereof, he was wholly retired 
 from the service. 
 
 40. Eobeet Sweatman was born in England. He was a first 
 sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged on the 22d 
 of September, 1862, having been appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the regiment, to date from July 17, 1862. He served as an 
 enlisted man in Texas, and was engaged, in December, 1859, in the 
 actions against the Cortinas marauders near Brownsville and King- 
 gold Barracks. "When Texas was surrendered to the insurgents 
 he accompanied the first detachment of the regiment to Carlisle, 
 where he arrived on the 13th of April, 1861. He was engaged in 
 the capture of Alexandria and the battle of Bull Run, served in 
 the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1861-62, partici- 
 pated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland cam- 
 paigns, and was engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege 
 of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily 
 skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, 
 the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissances towards 
 Ashland and the White House, the skirmish near Sycamore Church, 
 with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the 
 Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of 
 South Mountain and Antietam, the pursuit of the enemy to War- 
 renton, and the skirmish near Shepherdstown. 
 
 He joined his company in the field and participated in the en- 
 gagement near, and reconnaissance to, Halltown. He was then 
 assigned to recruiting service at Hagerstown, Md., where he served 
 until the 8th of November, when he rejoined his company and was 
 engaged in the skirmishes at Amissville and near the Rappahan- 
 nock Bridge, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance 
 near Falmouth. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1862-63 near Falmouth, Va., 
 participated in the action at Kelly's Ford and in General Stone- 
 man's raid towards Richmond, April-May, 1863, and was engaged 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 417 
 
 in the action at Fleming's Cross-Roads and later in the battle of 
 Beverly Ford. He then participated in the Pennsylvania cam- 
 paign and was engaged in the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at 
 Middletown and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the ac- 
 tions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, 
 and was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date from July 3, 18G3, 
 for gallant and meritorious services during the Gettysburg cam- 
 paign, and later was promoted a first lieutenant, to date from 
 September 25, 1863. 
 
 He served as acting assistant quartermaster of the Reserve 
 Cavalry Brigade from the 30th of September to the 1st of Novem- 
 ber, and then availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until 
 the 25th of December, when he was assigned to the station for 
 drafted men at Indianapolis, Ind., where he served until April, 
 1864. He then rejoined the regiment and participated in the 
 "Wilderness campaign, and was engaged in the battle of Todd's 
 Tavern, and was captured at Beaver Dam Station on the 10th of 
 May and held as a prisoner of war until November, when he was 
 paroled and assigned to duty at Carlisle. He was finally exchanged 
 in February, 1865, and joined his company near Winchester and 
 participated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid, and was en- 
 gaged in the skirmishes near Staunton and Bent's Creek and the 
 action at South Anna Bridge. He then rejoined the Army of 
 the Potomac and participated in the closing Richmond campaign, 
 and was engaged in the action at Five Forks, the engagement near 
 Dinwiddie Court-House, the battle of Five Forks, the action at 
 Appomattox River, the skirmishes at Burkesville, Farmville, Prince 
 Edward's Court-House, Amelia Court-House, and was present at 
 the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, April 9, 1865. 
 He was made a brevet captain, to date from May 10, 1864, for 
 gallant and meritorious services in the action at Beaver Dam 
 Station. 
 
 He served at Cumberland, Md., from June to October, 1865, 
 when he was assigned to reconstruction duty in the Southern States 
 and served in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Georgia, having stations 
 at Nashville, Memphis, Morganton, Vicksbnrg, Big Black River, 
 Yazoo City, and Jackson until December, 1867, when, having been 
 promoted a captain, to date from November 4, 1867, he joined his 
 company at Nashville, where he had station until September, 1868, 
 27 
 
418 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 "when he was transferred to Kansas, and was engaged in October 
 in the affairs on Shuter Creek and the north branch of Solomon 
 Eiver, Kan. He served with the Canadian River expedition dur- 
 ing the winter of 1868-69, and participated in the Republican 
 Eiver expedition, and was engaged in the affairs on the Republican 
 River near Spring Creek, and on Prairie Dog Creek. He was as- 
 signed, in November, 1869, to Fort D. A. Russell, "Wyo., where he 
 had station until January 3, 1870, when he ceased to be an officer 
 of the army. 
 
 41. John H. Kane was born in Ireland and emigrated at an 
 early age to the United States. He enlisted in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry in 1855, and served at Fort Mason and Camps 
 Verde and Cooper, Texas, until the State was surrendered to -the 
 insurgents, when he accompanied the regiment to Carlisle and 
 served in the defenses of "Washington during the winter of 1861-62, 
 participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and 
 Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of York- 
 town, the skirmishes at Lee's Mills and "Warwick Creek, the 
 battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the 
 enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Han- 
 over Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the battle 
 of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage Station, the battle of Mal- 
 vern Hill, the skirmishes near Sycamore Church and in the "White 
 Oak Swamp ; with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the 
 Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the 
 battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shep- 
 herdstown, the engagement near Halltown, the skirmishes near 
 Union and Upperville, the action at Markham's Station, the skir- 
 mishes at Barbee's Cross-Roads, Amissville, and Little "Wash- 
 ington, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near 
 Falmouth. 
 
 He was a sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged 
 on the 2d of April, 1863, having been appointed a second lieuten- 
 ant in the regiment, to date from February 19, 1863. He then 
 participated in General Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April- 
 May, 1863, and in the Pennsylvania and Central Virginia cam- 
 paigns, and was engaged in the combat at Fleming's Cross-Roads, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 419 
 
 the battle of Beverly Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at 
 Middletown and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the 
 actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Waters, the engagement at Manassas Gap, the skirmish near 
 Front Boyal, and the battle of, and skirmish near, Brandy Sta- 
 tion. He was assigned, on the 1st of September, to the command 
 of a detachment of the Sixth Cavalry then serving with the regi- 
 ment, and on the 13th of October was transferred to the command 
 of a company of the regiment, and participated during the closing 
 months of the year in the action at Morton's Ford, the combat of 
 Bristoe Station, the movement towards Manassas and Centreville, 
 the skirmish at Kettle Run, and in the Mine Run operations. 
 
 He served during the winter of 1863-64 near Mitchell's Station, 
 Va., and was engaged during February and March in the actions 
 near Barnett's Ford on the Rapidan, at Charlottesville and Stan- 
 nardsville, and the skirmish near Morton's Ford. His company 
 was then selected as a part of the escort for General Grant, and 
 he served in that position from March 24, 1864, to the end of the 
 war, and participated in the general engagements about Rich- 
 mond and in front of Petersburg, and in the closing campaign 
 which resulted in the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia 
 on the 9th of April, 1865. He also participated in raids on the 
 Petersburg and Weldon Railroad in August, 1864, and through 
 Surry County, between the Blackwater and James River, Va., in 
 October, 1864. 
 
 He was promoted, in January, 1865, a first lieutenant, to date 
 from November 19, 1863, and was made a brevet captain, to date 
 from April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battles terminating with the surrender of General Lee's army. 
 
 He accompanied the headquarters of the army to Washington 
 in May, 1865, and continued on escort duty with General Grant 
 until October 25, 1865, when he was assigned to temporary duty 
 with the headquarters of the regiment until February, 1866. Pie 
 then joined his company in South Carolina, and served on recon- 
 struction duty at Columbia and Aiken until May, 1868, when he 
 availed himself of a leave of absence and visited Europe. He 
 rejoined his company near Fort Lyon, Col., in October, and was 
 engaged in the affairs on Shuter Creek and the north branch of 
 Solomon River, Kan. He served with the Canadian River expe- 
 
420 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ditiou during the winter of 1868-69, and was engaged in the 
 actions on Beaver and Spring creeks during the march from Fort 
 Lyon, Col., to Fort McPherson, Neb., in May, 1869. He was pro- 
 moted a captain, to date from December 22, 1868, and assumed 
 the command of his company at Fort McPherson in June, 1869, 
 and served with the Republican River expedition, and was en- 
 gaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant action at Sum- 
 mit Springs, the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, and 
 the Niobrara pursuit. He was then assigned to temporary duty 
 at Sidney, Neb., where he served until November, when he was 
 transferred to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he had station until 
 March, 1870. He then availed himself of a leave of absence and 
 again visited Europe. He rejoined his company at Sherman, "Wyo., 
 in July, and served at that station until August 31, 1870, when, 
 having previously tendered his resignation, he was honorably dis- 
 charged under the provisions of the act of Congress of July 15, 
 1870, which provided for a reduction of the army. He settled in 
 Texas and engaged in the stock-growing business. 
 
 42. Robert P. Wilson was born in Pennsylvania, and was 
 engaged in civil pursuits in Philadelphia at the beginning of the 
 war of the Rebellion. He enlisted in the First Troop, Philadelphia 
 City Cavalry, which was attached to the battalion of the Fifth 
 (old Second) Cavalry under the command of Colonel George H. 
 Thomas, and served in General Patterson's Shenandoah cam- 
 paign, and was engaged in the action at Falling Waters and in 
 the skirmishes at Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. He then re- 
 turned to civil life until January 24, 1862, when he was appointed 
 a first lieutenant and adjutant of the Third Battalion of the Third 
 Pennsylvania Cavalry, and served as acting assistant adjutant- 
 general of the brigade to which he belonged until the evacuation 
 of Yorktown. He then rejoined his regiment and commanded a 
 company until the evacuation of the Peninsula, and was engaged 
 in the battles of Williamsburg and Gaines's Mill, and in the seven 
 days' battles about Richmond, terminating with Malvern Hill. 
 He then participated in the Maryland campaign until October 2, 
 1862, when he was honorably discharged, to date from September 
 7, 1862 — a date ten days prior to the battle of Antietam, in which 
 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 421 
 
 he was engaged. He then enlisted in the Twelfth Infantry and 
 served as a private until he was discharged and appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from June 1, 18G3. 
 
 He commanded a company during the Pennsylvania and Cen- 
 tral Virginia campaigns, and was engaged in the actions at Boons- 
 boro, Fnnkstown, and Falling Waters, the engagement at Manas- 
 sas Cap, the skirmish near Bristoe Station, and the action near 
 Brandy Station (wounded). He served as an aide-de-camp, during 
 October, for Brigadier-General Wesley Merritt, and commanded a 
 company during November and December, and was engaged in the 
 operations at Mine Run. He served during the winter of 18G3-64 
 near Mitchell's Station, Va,, and was engaged during February 
 and March in the actions near Barnett's Ford on the Rapidan, at 
 Charlottesville and Stannardsville, and the skirmish near Morton's 
 Ford. He then participated in the Wilderness campaign, and was 
 engaged in the battle of Todd's Tavern and the action at Beaver 
 Dam Station, where, while making a daring reconnaissance, he was 
 captured and held as a prisoner of war until June, 1865, when he 
 was appointed a mustering and disbursing officer at Columbus, 
 Ohio, where he served until the 24th, when he was transferred to 
 Carlisle. 
 
 He was promoted, in January, 1865, a first lieutenant, to date 
 from May 8, 1864, and was made a brevet first lieutenant, to date 
 from August 1, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Brandy Station, and a brevet captain, to date from May 
 10, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the action at 
 Beaver Dam Station. 
 
 He served at Carlisle until October, 1865, when he was selected 
 for recruiting service and had stations at St. Louis and Carlisle 
 until June, 1866. He was then assigned to reconstruction duty in 
 the Southern States, and served in Tennessee and Mississippi, 
 having stations at Nashville, Memphis, Grenada, Gallatin, Chatta- 
 nooga, and Jackson, until March 31, 1869, when he was transferred 
 to Nebraska. He arrived at Fort McPherson in June, and served 
 with the Republican River expedition, and was engaged in the 
 affairs in the sand-hills near Frenchman's Fork and at Rock 
 Creek, and in the brilliant action at Summit Springs. 
 
 He was promoted a captain, to date from June 12, 1869, and 
 had station at Fort McPherson from July to October, when he 
 
422 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 again joined the Republican River expedition and served with it 
 until the end of November. He was then assigned to Fort D. A. 
 Russell, Wyo., where he had station until July, 1870, when he was 
 transferred to Chug Water, Wyo., and thence, in September, to 
 Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he served until September, 1871. He 
 then marched to Fort McPherson and availed himself of a leave 
 of absence until December, when he conducted a detachment of 
 recruits, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, 
 to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell in February, 1872, 
 where he rejoined his company and soon thereafter marched to 
 Camp Verde, and was engaged, on the 19th of May, in an affair at 
 the Mexican crossing of the Verde River. He was on a leave of 
 absence from August, 1S72, to March, 1873, when he again con- 
 ducted a detachment of recruits to Arizona, and rejoined his station 
 in May, and was employed in superintending the construction of a 
 wagon road from Camp Verde to Camp Apaehe until October, 
 1874, when he availed himself of a leave of absence, and rejoined 
 his company at Fort Hays, Kan., in September, 1875, and served 
 at that station until June, 1876, when he moved by rail with a 
 detachment of the regiment to Cheyenne, whence he marched to 
 Fort Laramie to participate in the Sioux campaign in Xorthern 
 Wyoming. After a brief service in the Black Hills he tendered 
 his resignation, which was accepted, to date from July 29, 1876. 
 He returned to his home near Philadelphia and engaged in agri- 
 cultural pursuits until the winter of 1878, when he was appointed 
 United States Consul at Moscow. 
 
 43. Alfred B. Tatlor (a son of Rear-Admiral W. R. Taylor, 
 of the United States Navy) was born in the District of Columbia. 
 He was serving as an enlisted man in the Fifth Cavalry when 
 he was discharged in November, 1863, having been appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from October 31, 1863. 
 He joined his company on the 12th of November, and, after 
 participating in the operations at Mine Run, served during the 
 winter of 1863-64 near Mitchell's Station, Va., and was engaged 
 during February and March in the actions near Barnett's Ford 
 on the Rapid an, Cbarlottesville, and Stannardsville, and the skir- 
 mish near Morton's Ford. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 423 
 
 Ho served with the battalion of the regiment which was on 
 escort duty with General Grant from March 24, 1864, to the end 
 of the war, and participated in the general engagements about 
 Richmond and in front of Petersburg, and in the closing campaign 
 which resulted in the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia 
 on the 9th of April, 1865. lie also participated in raids on the 
 Petersburg and Weldon Railroad in August, 1864, and through 
 Surry County, between the Blackwater and James River, Va., in 
 October, 1864. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant, to date from September 
 12, 1864, and was made a brevet captain, to date from April 9, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious conduct during the campaign 
 terminating with the surrender of General Lee's army. 
 
 He accompanied the headquarters of the army to Washington, 
 where he served until November, 1866, except a tour of detached 
 service to Leesburg, Va., during July and August. He was ap- 
 pointed regimental quartermaster December 31, 1866, and held 
 the position until he was promoted a captain, to date from June 
 22, 1869, and served as quartermaster for the garrisons at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, and Fort McPherson, Neb., and was employed from 
 August, 1868, to April, 1869, on special duty at Washington, 
 Carlisle, and in the Department of Texas in charge of a system 
 of instruction pertaining to the care and treatment of cavalry 
 horses. 
 
 He joined his company at Fort McPherson, August 25, 1869, 
 and participated in the closing operations of the Republican River 
 expedition and was engaged in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek, 
 Kan. He served at Fort McPherson, having occasional tours of 
 field-service, from October, 1869, to November, 1871, when he ac- 
 companied the first detachment of the regiment, by the way of 
 San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived 
 at Camp Grant in January, 1872, where he served until May. He 
 was then assigned to general court-martial service at Tucson and 
 San Francisco until October, when he rejoined his company and 
 participated in the Apache campaign of 1872-73, and was engaged 
 in the action at the Caves in Salt River Canon and the affair on 
 Pinto Creek, and was twice nominated to the United States Senate 
 to be a brevet major, to date from December 28, 1872, for gallant 
 conduct in the engagement with Tonto Apache Indians at the 
 
424 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Caves. He served as a member of a board of officers convened 
 at Los Angeles, Cal., for the purchase of cavalry horses, from 
 April to August, 1873, and thereafter with his company at Camp 
 Grant until August, 1874, when he availed himself of a sick-leave 
 of absence and rejoined his company at Fort Lyon, Col., in Oc- 
 tober, 1875, where he had station, with occasional tours of field- 
 service, until June, 1876. He then moved by rail to Cheyenne, 
 Wyo., whence he marched to Fort Robinson, Neb., where he 
 had station during the summer and fall months, and partici- 
 pated, on the 23d of October, in the capture of a Sioux village on 
 Chadron Creek, Neb. He served with the Powder River expe- 
 dition during November and December, 1876, and participated 
 in the brilliant action at Bates Creek (north branch of Powder 
 River), where he narrowly escaped death. The hardships and 
 exposures of the winter campaign compelled him to relinquish the 
 command of his company at Red Cloud Agency in December, 
 1876, and, after an almost continuous absence from duty on sick- 
 report and sick-leaves until April, 1879, he was retired from 
 active service, to date from May 1, 1879, for disability resulting 
 from disease contracted in the line of duty. 
 
 He engaged in mercantile and literary pursuits at New York 
 City until the fall of 1881. He then visited Europe and remained 
 abroad until October, 1882, when he returned to New York City, 
 where he is now living. 
 
 44. Robert H. Montgomery was born in Pennsylvania. He 
 enlisted in the mounted service in August, 1860, and joined the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry at Fort Inge, Texas, in December, 
 1860, where he served as a non-commissioned officer until the 
 State was surrendered to the insurgents, when he marched to 
 Indianola and embarked with the second detachment of the regi- 
 ment on the steamship Empire City and sailed for New York, and 
 proceeded thence to Carlisle, where he arrived on the 27th of April, 
 1861. 
 
 He participated, as a non-commissioned officer, in General 
 Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in the action 
 at Falling Waters and in the skirmishes near Marti nsburg and 
 Bunker Hill ; served in the defenses of Washington during the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 425 
 
 winter of 1861-62, and in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and 
 Maryland campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, 
 the battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with 
 the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of 
 Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the 
 action at Old Church, the reconnaissance towards the White 
 House, the skirmish in the White Oak Swamp, and with the regi- 
 ment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac dur- 
 ing the evacuation of the Peninsula; the battles of South Mountain 
 and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, the engagement 
 near Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the 
 action at Markham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's Cross- 
 Roads, the action at Amissville, the battle of Fredericksburg, and 
 the skirmish and reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He was discharged from his enlistment on the 17th of Decem- 
 ber, 1862, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from November 29, 1862, and commanded a com- 
 pany from December, 1862, to October, 1863. He served during 
 the winter of 1862-63 near Falmouth, Va., and was engaged, in 
 March, in the action at Kelly's Ford ; participated in General 
 Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April-May, and was engaged 
 in the action near Raccoon Ford (where he captured the men of 
 a Confederate battery) and the skirmish at South Anna Bridge, 
 and during June was engaged in the battle of Beverly Ford, the 
 skirmish at Aldie, and the actions at Middletown and Snicker's 
 Gap. He then participated in the Pennsylvania and Central 
 Virginia campaigns, and was engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, 
 the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Waters, the engagement at Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front 
 Royal, the action and battle of Brandy Station, the action at 
 Morton's Ford, and the combat of Bristoe Station. He was made 
 a brevet first lieutenant, to date from June 9, 1863, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Beverly Ford; a brevet 
 captain, to date from August 1, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Brandy Station ; and was recommended in 
 the fall of 1868, by Generals Emory and Merritt, for the appoint- 
 ment of brevet major for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Gettysburg. 
 
 He was captured, October 29, 1863, while on picket-duty at 
 
426 MILITAEY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Elk Run, Va., and his name was dropped from the rolls of the 
 army ; but when the circumstances attending his capture were 
 fully understood he was restored to the service and rejoined the 
 regiment from a prisoner of war, April 29, 1865. He was pro- 
 moted a first lieutenant April 25, 1865, and served as regimental 
 quartermaster from August 3, 1865, to December 31, 1866, when 
 he was appointed regimental adjutant and held the position until 
 July 12, 1869. He served during this period at Cumberland, Md., 
 Washington, D. C, and Port McPherson, Neb., and was also em- 
 ployed from March to December, 1867, as recorder of a board of 
 officers convened at Washington to examine candidates for appoint- 
 ment to the army, and as an aide-de-camp for Brevet Major- 
 General Emory from November, 1867, to August, 1868. 
 
 He was relieved, at his own request, from duty as regimental 
 adjutant, and participated in the closing operations of the Repub- 
 lican River expedition, and commanded a company in the affair in 
 the sand-hills south of Julesburg and in the Niobrara pursuit, 
 and served as quartermaster of the expedition during September 
 and October, and participated in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek, 
 Kan. He was assigned, in November, to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 where he had station, Avith occasional tours of field-service, until 
 December 12, 1871, and was promoted a captain, to date from 
 January 3, 1870. 
 
 He accompanied the second detachment of the regiment from 
 Fort D. A. Russell, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of 
 California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell in January, 
 1872, where he served until June, when he entered upon a tour of 
 field-service which continued until February, 1873, and was en- 
 gaged in the brilliant combat at Muchos Canons, the affairs on 
 the Santa Maria, Sycamore Creek, in the Red Rock country, and 
 on Pinto Creek. He was then assigned to Camp Grant, where he 
 served until May, when he was transferred to Camp McDowell 
 and thence to Camp Apache, where he arrived in June. He then 
 availed himself of a leave of absence until October, when he con- 
 ducted a detachment of recruits to the Pacific coast and rejoined 
 his company at Camp Apache in January, 1874, and was engaged, 
 in November and December, in the affairs at Lake and Canon 
 creeks. He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to 
 be a brevet major, to date from September 25, 1872, for gallant 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 427 
 
 conduct in the engagement at Muchos Cafions, and a brevet lieu- 
 tenant-colonel, to date from December 8, 1874, for gallant and dis- 
 tinguished conduct during a reconnaissance made by him through 
 Tonto Basin during November and December, 1874. 
 
 He had station at Camp Apache until July, 1875, when he 
 conducted a detachment (B, G, I) of the regiment from Arizona 
 to Fort Lyon, Col., whence he moved by rail with his company to 
 Fort Hays, Kan., where he arrived in September and had station, 
 with occasional tours of field-service, until June, 1876, when he 
 moved by rail with a detachment of the regiment to Cheyenne 
 and participated in the Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming, 
 Dakota, and Montana, and was engaged in the affair at War 
 Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., and in the skirmishes at Slim 
 Buttes, Dak. 
 
 He was assigned, upon the disbandment of the expedition in 
 October, to Fort D. A. Kussell, where he had station until April, 
 1880, and was employed on field-service in Northern Wyoming 
 during the summers of 1877-78, in the capture of disaffected 
 Indians at Boss Fork (Idaho) Agency, in January, 1878, and in the 
 Ute expedition during the fall and winter of 1879, and participated 
 in raising the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col. 
 
 He was transferred, in April, 1880, to Fort Niobrara, in -North- 
 ern Nebraska, where he has since served as a company, and at times 
 as a post, commander. 
 
 45. Alexander S. Clarke was born in Missouri. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 13th of June, 1804, 
 and assigned to the Second Artillery as a second lieutenant, ami 
 was transferred to the First Cavalry November 21, 186-1, with 
 his original rank. He was promoted, in his regiment, a first 
 lieutenant February 6, 1865, and was regimental adjutant from 
 April to September, 1865. 
 
 He served in the defenses of Washington from July to Decem- 
 ber, 1801, when he was transferred to the Shenandoah Valley, 
 and participated in General Torbert's reconnaissance towards 
 Gordonsville, and was engaged in the skirmishes near Madison 
 Oonrt-House and Gordonsville and the action near Paris. He 
 participated in General Sheridan's last cavalry raid in the spring 
 
4?8 M1LITAEY EECOEDS OF OFFICEES. 
 
 of 1865, and marched from Winchester to Harrisonburg and thence 
 to "Waynesboro, where he was engaged with the enemy. His 
 regiment then marched towards Lynchburg, and finally rejoined 
 the Army of the Potomac, when he participated in the closing 
 Richmond campaign and was engaged in the actions near Din- 
 wicldie Court-House, the battle of Five Forks (where he won the 
 brevet of captain, to date from April 2, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services), and the action of Namozine Creek, Avhere he 
 was wounded and disabled for service until June, 1865, when he 
 rejoined his regiment at New Orleans, La., where he served until 
 September, when he was assigned to the Military Academy as an 
 assistant instructor of cavalry and infantry tactics, and served 
 at that station from September 23, 1865, to July 1, 1871. 
 
 He was appointed a captain in the Forty-fourth (Veteran Re- 
 serve) Infantry, to date from July 28, 1866, and upon the reduc- 
 tion of the army in 1869 was placed on the list of unassigned 
 officers, where he remained until December, 1870, when he was 
 assigned, with his original rank, to the Fifth Cavalry, to date from 
 August 31, 1870. He joined the regiment at Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., on the 29th of September, and assumed the command of 
 his company on the 2d of October, which he retained until the 
 29th. He then availed himself of a leave of absence until March 
 1, 1872, when he resigned his commission and settled in Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., as a practising physician. 
 
 ■16. Emil Adam was born in Germany and emigrated at an early 
 ago to the United States. The Alton (111.) Yagers, of which he 
 was a member, having tendered their services to the government 
 at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion, were accepted at 
 Springfield, on the 25th of April, 1861, as a company of the Ninth 
 Illinois Volunteers. He was then appointed a second lieutenant, 
 and served during the period of enlistment (three months) at Cairo 
 and participated in a few reconnaissances into Kentucky and 
 Missouri. 
 
 When his regiment was mustered into the service of the United 
 States, on the 28th of July, for three years, he was promoted 
 a first lieutenant, and marched from Cairo to Paducah, Ky., 
 where he served on provost-guard duty until September, when 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 429 
 
 lie was appointed acting assistant adjutant-general of the second 
 brigade of the forces under the command of Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral Charles F. Smith, and continued to serve in that position 
 until he was promoted a captain, to date from November 14, 1861. 
 He continued to serve at Paducah until January, 1802, when he 
 participated in the Tennessee campaign and was engaged in the 
 movement against Fort Henry and the capture of Forts Heiman 
 and Donelson. He then conducted a captured Tennessee regi- 
 ment to Lafayette, Ind., and rejoined the army in time to par- 
 ticipate, although on sick-report, in the battle of Shiloh, where 
 he was dangerously wounded. His company had forty-two men 
 killed and wounded, and his regiment, with six hundred men in 
 action, had three hundred and forty-eight killed and wounded, 
 which was altogether the heaviest loss sustained by any National 
 regiment on the field of Shiloh. 
 
 He rejoined his company from a wounded furlough May 29, 
 1862, and marched with the advance the day before the evacuation 
 of Corinth, and, after returning from the pursuit of the enemy, 
 served near that place until July. He was then employed at 
 Burnsville until October in guarding the railroad, when he was 
 moved to the railroad bridge three miles from Corinth, where he 
 served on outpost duty during the battle of the 3d and 4th. He 
 was then stationed at Glendale until December, when he rejoined 
 his regiment at Eienzi and served near Corinth until April, 1863, 
 when his regiment was mounted and attached to the Second Di- 
 vision of the Sixteenth Corps, Army of the Tennessee, and employed 
 in making raids inside of the enemy's lines. He was actively 
 employed in Alabama and Mississippi until the end of 1863, and was 
 engaged in the action at Cherokee and Lundy's Lane on the 17th of 
 April (where he received a painful wound), and in the combats 
 and skirmishes at Town Creek, Florence, Hamburg, Mud Creek, 
 Rocky Run, Athens, Decatur, Morrisville, and other affairs of 
 less importance. 
 
 He was conspicuous for a successful defense of Athens, Ala., 
 on the 26th of January, 1864, where the enemy, about eight hun- 
 dred strong with two guns, under General Roddy, attacked him 
 at three o'clock a.m. for the purpose of capturing the govern- 
 ment stores at that place and diverting attention from a move- 
 ment having for its object the destruction of a railway trestle 
 
430 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 six miles to the rear on the Nashville road. Having heen warned 
 of the contemplated movement, he met the enemy on the west 
 side of the town with about one hundred men deployed as skir- 
 mishers, and, although driven back by overwhelming numbers, 
 he successfully delayed their advance and by excellent manage- 
 ment so impressed the enemy with the belief that they had unex- 
 pectedly encountered a superior force that they abandoned the 
 enterprise and retreated across the Tennessee River. General 
 Roddy's report of the affair as published in a Southern newspaper 
 said that after half an hour's hard fighting he succeeded in driv- 
 ing the National troops from their encampment to the east 
 side of the town, when he was compelled by the arrival of re- 
 inforcements to retire, having suffered a loss of seventeen men 
 killed and wounded. Captain Adam received the special thanks 
 of Major-General G. M. Dodge for his gallant and valuable ser- 
 vices in holding the town, preventing the capture of the govern- 
 ment stores, and frustrating the attempt to destroy the trestle- 
 work, which, if it had been accomplished, would have seriously 
 interfered with the operations of the National army. 
 
 He was actively employed during the spring of 1864 upon 
 raids and reconnaissances on the Tennessee River, and on the 8th 
 of March led the advance of his regiment across the river and 
 bivouacked in the streets of Decatur, and the next day engaged 
 the enemy at Courtland, and again, on the 10th, at Nancy Creek. 
 He then returned to Decatur, Avhere a supply station w T as estab- 
 lished, and was employed until May in making reconnaissances 
 within the enemy's lines, and was engaged at Moulton on the 
 26th of March, and again at the same place on the 29th, where the 
 enemy proved too strong for the command and forced him to 
 retreat with some loss. His regiment had now gained an enviable 
 reputation for dash and audacity in penetrating the enemy's lines, 
 and unusual efforts were made, without success, to entrap and 
 capture it. 
 
 He moved, in May, 1864, from Decatur to Chattanooga and 
 participated in the Atlanta campaign, and was engaged, on the 
 13th, in an affair (commanding) on the Dalton road, where, after 
 a sharp combat, he defeated the enemy. He was then employed 
 on foraging expeditions until late in June, when he rejoined his 
 regiment and participated in the closing operations at Kenesaw 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 431 
 
 Mountain, and was engaged with the enemy, as advance-guard, on 
 the 4th of July, at Nickajack Creek, and on the 20th he safely 
 conducted an ammunition train from Roswell to Atlanta, although 
 a battle was then in progress about Decatur and shells from the 
 enemy's batteries hit several of the leading wagons in the train. 
 
 His term of service having expired, he started from near 
 Atlanta on the 28th of July for Springfield, 111., where he was 
 honorably discharged, to date from August 20, 1804. He then 
 returned to his home at Alton, and, for the purpose of securing a 
 commission, enlisted on the 1st of September in the One Hun- 
 dred and Forty fourth Illinois Volunteers, which was organizing 
 under special authority from the War Department, and was 
 appointed a captain, to date from September 10, 1864. He was 
 then stationed at Alton on prison-guard duty until January, 1865, 
 when he was transferred, with four companies, to St. Louis, 
 where he served on provost-guard duty (promoted a major March 
 18, 1865) until July, when his regiment was concentrated at 
 Springfield, where he was again honorably discharged, to date from 
 July 14, 1865. 
 
 He returned to Alton and engaged in civil pursuits until 
 January, 1867, when, having accepted an appointment as a first 
 lieutenant in the Thirty- ninth Infantry, to date from July 28, 1866, 
 he reported for duty in the Department of Louisiana and served 
 near New Orleans, at Ship Island, and Fort St. Philip until April 
 20, 1869, and was promoted a captain, to date from May 31, 1867. 
 When his regiment was consolidated with the Fortieth Infantry 
 (present Twenty-fifth Infantry) he was placed on the list of unas- 
 signed officers and served on reconstruction duty in Virginia and 
 Mississippi, and on recruiting service at St. Louis, Fort Leaven- 
 worth, and Madison, Wis., until December 15, 1870, when he was 
 assigned, with his original rauk, to the Fifth Cavalry, and joined 
 his company at Fort Sidney, Neb., in February, 1871, where he 
 served until November, when he changed station to Fort D. A. 
 Russell, Wyo., and on the 12th of December he accompanied the 
 second detachment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco 
 and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Mc- 
 Dowell in January, 1872, where he served until June, when he 
 entered upon a tour of lield-service which continued until Feb- 
 ruary, 1873, and was engaged in the brilliant combat at Muchos 
 
432 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Canons and in the affairs on the Santa Maria and Sycamore Creek ; 
 in Hell Canon and the Red Eock country, and on Pinto Creek. 
 He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a bre- 
 vet major, to date from September 25, 1872, for gallant conduct 
 in the engagement at Muchos Canons. He had stations at Camps 
 Grant, McDowell, and Apache, the San Carlos Agency, and Camp 
 Lowell until May, 1875, when he marched with the headquarters 
 of the regiment to Fort Lyon, Col., and thence to Camp Supply, 
 I. T ., where he arrived in July and served until October. He then 
 availed himself of a leave of absence and rejoined his company at 
 Camp Supply in April, 1876, where he served until July, when he 
 proceeded to Fort Laramie and participated in the campaigns 
 against the hostile Sioux in the Black Hills of Wyoming and in 
 the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged in the 
 skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak. He was assigned, upon the dis- 
 bandment of the expedition in October, to Fort McPherson, Neb., 
 where he served until July, 1877, when he was dispatched to 
 Chicago for duty during the railroad riots in that city. He com- 
 manded a battalion of the Fifth Cavalry in the Wind Eiver expe- 
 dition against the Nez Perces during September and October, 1877. 
 He was then assigned to Fort McKinney, Wyo., where he had station 
 until October, 1879, when he conducted seven companies, by the 
 way of Kock Creek, to Eawlins, Wyo., where he joined the reserve 
 of the Ute expedition and served at that place until the 29th of 
 November. He was then assigned to Fort D. A. Eussell, and 
 soon thereafter availed himself of a leave of absence until May, 
 1880, when he rejoined his company at Fort Sidney, Neb., where 
 he had station until March, 1882, when he proceeded to Omaha, in 
 command of three companies, to assist in maintaining order during 
 the labor riots in that city. Upon the completion of this duty he 
 returned to Fort Sidney, where he is now serving as a company 
 commander. 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton was born in Ontario, Canada. He was 
 engaged in business pursuits in Geneva, N. Y., at the beginning 
 of the war of the Eebellion, and enlisted in the Thirty- third New 
 York Volunteers on the 1st of May, 1861, and in September was 
 appointed a corporal and assigned to the color-guard, and served 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 433 
 
 in that position until he was discharged. His regiment formed a 
 part of the Third Brigade of the Second Division, Fourth Army 
 Corps, until May, 1862, when it was transferred to the Sixth Army 
 Corps, and served with that corps until it was mustered out of 
 service. 
 
 He served in the defenses of "Washington during the winter 
 of 1861-62 ; participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, 
 Maryland, and Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the 
 siege of Yorktown, the skirmish near Lee's Mill, the battles of 
 Williamsburg and Gaines's Mill, the skirmishes at Savage Station 
 and in the "White Oak Swamp, the closing operations of the 
 second battle of Bull Run, and the battles of South Mountain, 
 Antietam, and Fredericksburg. He served during the winter of 
 1862-63 near Fredericksburg, Va., and was engaged in the bat- 
 tle of Marye's Heights (second Fredericksburg), where he was 
 wounded on the 3d of May, 1863. 
 
 He then returned to Geneva, where he was honorably discharged, 
 to date from June 2, 1863, and engaged in civil pursuits until he 
 was appointed a second lieutenant in the Ninth United States 
 Colored Troops, to date from December 24, 1863. He joined his 
 regiment in Maryland and marched thence to South Carolina, and 
 was engaged in the actions on John's Island, July 6-9, 1864. His 
 regiment was then attached to the Army of the James and he was 
 engaged in the combats at Deep Bottom and Flusser's Mill, Va., 
 14th-18th of August, and commanded a company in the charge, 
 made by his regiment, against Fort Gilmer, Va., on the 29th of 
 September, where he lost about a fourth of the company in killed 
 and wounded. He served during the winter of 1864-65 on the 
 Petersburg line of operations, and was employed on staff duty 
 as property quartermaster of the Twenty-fifth Army Corps, as 
 provost-marshal of Russell's brigade of the corps, and subsequently 
 as an aide-de-camp for Brevet Brigadier-General Charles S. Rus- 
 sell, commanding the brigade. 
 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant May 15, 1865, and, soon 
 after the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, was trans- 
 ferred to Texas, where he served as an aide-de-camp and acting 
 assistant inspector-general on a brigade staff of the Twenty- 
 fifth Army Corps, and afterwards, for seven months, as prop- 
 erty ordnance officer, on the staff of Brigadier-General Getty, at 
 
434 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Brownsville, where he was conspicuous for efficiency in securing 
 and preserving the large quantity of government stores which had 
 accumulated at that place. He was relieved from that duty in 
 the fall of 1866 and ordered to join his regiment, then en route to 
 Baltimore for muster-out of service ; but upon arrival at New 
 Orleans he was retained in service, by order of Major-General 
 Sheridan, and assigned to duty in connection with the organiza- 
 tion of the Ninth Cavalry. He organized several companies at 
 New Orleans, and then conducted a squadron to Brownsville, 
 Texas, the other five squadrons having stations at San Antonio. 
 He continued to serve at Brownsville until he was appointed, from 
 New York, a captain in the Thirty-ninth Infantry, to date from 
 June 6, 1867, and was highly commended for energy, capacity, and 
 zealous discharge of important duties while serving with the Ninth 
 Cavalry. 
 
 He then proceeded to Louisville, where he was honorably dis- 
 charged from volunteer service ou the 20th of June, 1867, and 
 accepted his commission in the Thirty-ninth Infantry. He was 
 made a brevet captain of volunteers, to date from March 13, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Ee- 
 bellion. 
 
 He reported for duty in the Department of Louisiana in Oc- 
 tober, and served at Greenville Barracks, Fort Pike, and Baton 
 Rouge until April 20, 1869, when his regiment was consolidated 
 with the Fortieth Infantry (present Twenty-fifth Infantry), and he 
 was placed on the list of unassigned officers and served on recon- 
 struction duty in Virginia, having charge of Shenandoah and War- 
 ren counties, until August, 1869, when he was transferred to Mis- 
 sissippi and commanded the post of Corinth and had charge of 
 Tishomingo County until the work of reconstruction was completed. 
 He was then employed on recruiting service at New York and 
 Brooklyn until December 15, 1870, when he was assigned, with his 
 original rank, to the Fifth Cavalry, to date from December 30, 
 
 1870. He joined his company at Fort McPherson, Neb., in July, 
 
 1871, where he had station until November, when he accompanied 
 the first detachment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco 
 and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Cam}) Mc- 
 Dowell in January, 1872, where he served until January, 1873. 
 He participated in the winter campaign of 1873 against the Apache 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 435 
 
 Indians and was engaged in the combat on Pinto Creek. He was 
 then assigned to Camp Lowell, where he had station until October, 
 1874, and was employed on escort duty to Fort Yuma in May and 
 June, 1873, and on field-service in July and August, 1873. He 
 was actively employed during the spring of 1874 in a campaign 
 against the San Carlos Apache Indians, and commanded a detach- 
 ment of the regiment in the affairs (five) in the Santa Teresa 
 Mountains and near old Camp Pinal, the combats (two) in the 
 Pinal Mountains, and in the affairs north of the San Carlos 
 Agency and on the south side of Salt River near the Big Canon. 
 He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a 
 brevet major, to date from April 9, 1873, for gallant conduct in 
 the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians ; and a 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from April 17, 1874, for gallant 
 conduct in the campaign against the San Carlos Apaches. 
 
 He changed station, in October, 1874, to the San Carlos Agency, 
 where he served until the 25th of November, when he conducted 
 a party of military prisoners to Alcatraz Island, Cal., and then 
 availed himself of a leave of absence until June, 1875, when he was 
 assigned to temporary duty at Fort Eiley, Kan., and employed in 
 issuing supplies to destitute citizens until July, when he proceeded 
 to Fort Wallace, Kan., and rejoined his company. He served at 
 that station, having occasional tours of field-service and com- 
 manding in the combat at Canon Creek, Kan., October 27, 1875, 
 until July, 1876, when he moved by rail to Cheyenne, whence he 
 marched to Fort Robinson, Neb., and had station during the sum- 
 mer and fall months, and participated, on the 23d of October, in 
 the capture of a Sioux village at Chadron Creek, Neb. He served 
 with the Powder River expedition during the fall and winter of 
 1876, and was engaged in the brilliant action at Bates Creek (north 
 branch of Powder River, Wyo.) Upon the disbandment of the ex- 
 pedition he was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he 
 arrived in January, 1877, and had station until June, 1878, and 
 was employed on field-service in Northern Wyoming during the 
 summer of 1877, and commanded a battalion (five companies) of 
 the regiment from May to July. He was employed during the 
 summer of 1878 on field-service (commanding a squadron) near 
 the Ross Fork (Idaho) Indian Agency, and in November was as- 
 signed to Fort McPherson, Neb., where he had station (served as 
 
436 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 a member of a board of officers, in January and February, 1879, 
 at Fort Robinson, to inquire into the cause of the outbreak of 
 Cheyenne prisoners who had been confined at that post) until 
 March, 1879, when he availed himself of a leave of absence until 
 October. He then rejoined his company on White River, Col., 
 and served with the Ute expedition until January, 1880, when 
 he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until August, 1880. 
 He then rejoined his company at Fort Robinson, where he has 
 since served as a company, and at times as a post, commander. 
 
 48. Sakford C. Kellogg was born at Troy, New York. He 
 enlisted, on the 29th of May, 1862, in the Thirty-seventh New 
 York National Guards, and served as a private until September 2, 
 1862, when he was honorably discharged from the service. His 
 regiment was stationed at Baltimore for the protection of the city 
 against a threatened invasion of Maryland, but had no field-service 
 against the enemy. 
 
 He was appointed, March 11, 1863, an aide-de-camp of vol- 
 unteers with the rank of captain, and assigned to the staff of 
 Major-General George H. Thomas, commanding the Fourteenth 
 Corps, Army of the Cumberland. He reported for duty at Mur- 
 freesboro in April, 1863, and served continuously as an aide-de- 
 camp until the death of General Thomas at San Francisco, Cal., 
 on the 28th of March, 1870, having meantime been appointed, 
 from New York, a second lieutenant in the Eighteenth Infantry, 
 to date from February 23, 1866. He was promoted, in that regi- 
 ment, a first lieutenant, to date from May 15, 1866, and was mus- 
 tered out of volunteer service to date from July 10, 1866. 
 
 He was present at every battle in which General Thomas was 
 eno-ao-ed from April, 1863, to the end of the war of the Rebel- 
 lion amon^ which maybe named Hoover's Gap ; the battles around 
 Chattanooga, including Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and Look- 
 out Mountain ; Buzzard Roost, Resaca, Adairsville, Cassville, New 
 Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, and the 
 battles about Atlanta during August, 1864, ending with the battle 
 of Jonesboro and the occupation of Atlanta ; the battle of Nash- 
 ville and the pursuit of General Hood's army into Alabama. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 437 
 
 He was made a brevet major, a brevet lieutenant-colonel, and 
 a brevet colonel of volunteers, to date from June 3, 1865, for 
 faithful services and for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the Atlanta campaign and at the battle of Nashville, and the 
 following brevets in the regular army were afterwards conferred 
 upon him, to date from March 2, 1867: a brevet captain for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Chattanooga; a 
 brevet major for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of 
 Atlanta; and a brevet lieutenant-colonel for gallant and meritori- 
 ous services at the battle of Nashville. He was also commended 
 by General Thomas, in an official report of January 20, 1865, to 
 favorable consideration for important services after the Atlanta 
 campaign and during the operations at Nashville. 
 
 Upon the reduction of the army he was placed on the list of 
 unassigned officers, to date from April 26, 1869, and so continued 
 until December 15, 1870, when he was assigned, with his original 
 rank, to the Fifth Cavalry. He served as acting judge-advocate 
 of the Department of the Lakes and on the staff of Brigadier- 
 General Cooke from June 1, 1870, to February 1, 1871, when he 
 proceeded to Fort McPherson, Neb., where he joined the regiment 
 on the 6th of February. He was promoted a captain, to date from 
 January 11, 1871, and continued to serve at that station, having 
 occasional tours of field-service, until the 27th of November, 1871, 
 when he moved with the first detachment of the regiment, by the 
 way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, 
 and while en route was ordered, on the 3d of December, to report 
 at the headquarters of the Military Division of the Missouri, where 
 he served on the staff of Lieutenant-General Sheridan until 
 February 3, 1873, during which period he had station at Chicago 
 and participated in a reconnaissance of the Yellowstone River to 
 the mouth of Powder River, and was engaged in several skirmishes 
 with hostile Sioux during the movement. 
 
 He rejoined his company in Arizona in April, 1873, and served 
 at San Carlos Agency, Camps Grant and Apache, with occasional 
 tours of field-service, until May, 1874. He then availed himself 
 of a leave of absence until November, when he rejoined at Camp 
 Apache, where he had station until July, 1875. He then marched 
 to Fort Lyon, Col., and proceeded thence by rail to Fort Gibson, 
 I. T., where he arrived in September, and served until June, 1876, 
 
438 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 when he moved by rail to Cheyenne and participated in the cam- 
 paigns against the hostile Sioux in the Black Hills of Wyoming, 
 and in the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged 
 in the affair at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., and in the skir- 
 mishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition in October he was 
 assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he had station until 
 April, 1880, and was employed on field-service in Northern Wyoming 
 during the summer of 1877 ; in the capture of disaffected In- 
 dians at Ross Fork (Idaho) Agency in January, 1878 ; on field- 
 service in Idaho during the fall aud summer of 1878 ; on leave 
 of absence during the winter and spring of 1879, and in the Ute 
 expedition during the fall and winter of 1879, and was engaged in 
 raising the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col., and during the 
 return march from White River had his right hand so severely 
 frozen that he was compelled to submit to an amputation of two 
 fingers. He changed station, in April, 1880, to Fort Lamarie, 
 where he served until July 10, 1881, when he was ordered with 
 his company to Tongue River, Mon., there to await the arrival of 
 the lieutenant-general of the army for escort duty to the Yellow- 
 stone Park. He returned from that duty to Fort Laramie Sep- 
 tember 27, 1881, where he had station until June, 1882, when 
 he was transferred to Fort McKinney, Wyo., where he has since 
 served as a company, and at times as a post, commander. 
 
 49. James Burks was born in Ireland about 1836 and emi- 
 grated at an early age to the United States. He enlisted in the 
 mounted service in 1858 and was assigned to the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, and served in Texas as a private (engaged in the 
 brilliant action at Small Creek, near the Nescutunga, May 13, 
 1859) until the State was surrendered to the insurgents, when he 
 proceeded with his company, by the way of Indianola and New 
 York, to Washington, where he arrived in April, 1861, and served 
 in the defenses of the city and in field operations in Virginia and 
 Maryland until March, 1862. He then participated as a private 
 in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and Rappahan- 
 nock campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the 
 battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 439 
 
 enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Han- 
 over Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the action 
 at Old Church, the battle of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage 
 Station, the battle of Malvern Hill ; with the regiment as a part 
 of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacua- 
 tion of the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain and Antie- 
 tam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, the engagement near, and 
 reconnaissance to, Halltown, the skirmish near Union, the action 
 near Piedmont, the skirmish at Upperville,' the action at Mark- 
 ham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the action 
 at Amissville, and the battle of Fredericksburg. He was ap- 
 pointed regimental commissary-sergeant December 1, 1862, and 
 served in that grade until July 28, 1863, when he was honorably 
 discharged from the regular service. He participated during 
 this period in the reconnaissance near Falmouth, in General 
 Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April-May, 1863, the battle 
 of Beverly Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at Middle- 
 town and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the actions 
 at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the 
 engagement of Manassas Gap, and the skirmish near Front Royal. 
 He was then employed as chief clerk for the commissary of the 
 Reserve Cavalry Brigade until he decided to re-enlist in the regi- 
 ment, when he proceeded to New York, where the provost-marshals 
 had authority to enlist men for the regular regiments. But when 
 enlisted he was assigned by error to the Fifth New York Artillery 
 and sent to City Point, where, through the efforts of Captain 
 Mason, he was transferred to the Fifth Cavalry and appointed a 
 first sergeant, and served in that position until August 11, 1865, 
 and was engaged in the action at Morton's Ford, the combat at 
 Bristoe Station, the Mine Run operations, the actions near Bar- 
 net t's Ford on the Rapidan, at Charlottesville and Stanardsville, 
 and the skirmish near Morton's Ford. He served with his company 
 on escort duty with General Grant from March, 1864, to the end 
 of the war of the Rebellion, and participated in all the general 
 engagements about Richmond and in front of Petersburg and in 
 the closing Richmond campaign of 1865. He also participated in 
 raids on the Petersburg and Weldon Railroad in August, 1864, and 
 through Surry County, between the Blackwater and James River, 
 Va., in October, 1864. 
 
440 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He was discharged from his enlistment on the 11th of August, 
 1865, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from August 9, 1865. He was promoted, in the 
 regiment, a first lieutenant July 28, 1866, and a captain March 1, 
 1872. He joined his company at Washington, D. C, and served 
 on escort duty with Generals Grant and Sherman until September, 
 1869, when he was transferred to Virginia for duty with the Com- 
 missioner of Internal Revenue, where he served until March, 18T0, 
 and had two skirmishes with illicit distillers at "Walnut Hill, Lee 
 County, in December, 1869. He rejoined his company at Omahu, 
 Neb., in April, 1870, and served at Fort D. A. Eussell, Chug 
 Water, and Hillsdale, Wyo., and at Pine Bluff and Fort Sidney, 
 Neb., until the 28th of November, 1871, when he proceeded (com- 
 manding company) with the first detachment of the regiment, by 
 the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, 
 and arrived at Camp McDowell in January, 1872, and served at 
 that station, Camp Date Creek, and Fort Whipple during his tour 
 in the Territory. He participated in the Apache campaigns of 
 1872-73-74, and was engaged in the combat north of the Four 
 Peaks, the action at the Caves in Salt River Caiion, in successfully 
 disarming the disaffected Apache- Yuma Indians at Camp Date 
 Creek, the affairs at Castle Dome Mountain, and south of Ehren- 
 berg near the Colorado River. He was twice nominated to the 
 United States Senate to be a brevet major, to date from December 
 28, 1872, for gallant conduct in engagement with Tonto-Apache 
 Indians at the Caves ; a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from 
 July 15, 1873, for gallant conduct in the closing campaign against 
 the Apache-Mojave Indians ; and a brevet colonel, to date from 
 December 7, 1873, for distinguished services in the campaign 
 against the Apache-Mojave Indians in Arizona. 
 
 The hardships of the campaigns in which he won such distin- 
 guished honors proved fatal to his health and he was compelled to 
 seek relief in a change of climate. He proceeded to San Francisco 
 in February, 1874, where he remained for some months, when he 
 returned to Fort Whipple with bright hopes for the future ; but on 
 the 16th of June he was again prostrated on a bed of sickness, and 
 after a period of intense suffering he started overland for the 
 Department of the Missouri, and died of hemorrhage of the lungs 
 on the 15th of August, 1874, at Carezo Creek, about one hundred 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 441 
 
 and seventy-five miles west of Fort Wingate, N. M. His remains 
 are interred in the national cemetery near that post. His death 
 was hastened by the zeal and energy of his operations during the 
 Apache campaign of 1872-73. He never seemed to care for the 
 exposures and hardships of field-service, but was always ready 
 and more than willing to ride at the head of his command and 
 win honor for himself and credit for the regiment to which he 
 belonged. 
 
 50. Geoege F. Price was born in New York City, N. Y., and 
 removed at an early age to California, where he was engaged in 
 business pursuits at the beginning of the war of the Kebellion. 
 He at once offered his services to the government, and was 
 appointed a first lieutenant in the Second California Cavalry 
 September 3, 1861, and was promoted a captain November 
 14, 1861. He served at Camp Alert, near San Francisco, from 
 September, 1861, to May, 1862, when he was transferred to 
 Nevada, and commanded an expedition which was dispatched to 
 Truckee Kiver to effect a treaty of peace with the Piute Indians. 
 Upon the successful completion of this duty he made an extended 
 reconnaissance of the east side of the Sierra Nevada from Smoke 
 Creek to Adobe Meadows, and received the thanks and congratu- 
 lations of the department commander. He Avas then assigned 
 to Fort Churchill, Nev., where he served until August, when he 
 marched with the Utah expedition to Euby Valley, whence he was 
 dispatched to Carson City to superintend the forwarding of army 
 supplies from that place to Salt Lake City. Upon the completion 
 of this duty he rejoined his company at Fort Douglas, Utah, 
 where he had station until May, 1863. He participated in a 
 campaign against the Shoshone Indians in January, 1863, and was 
 engaged in the brilliant action at Bear River and in the combats 
 (three) at Cedar Fort and Spanish Fork Canon, and was commended 
 in orders and reports for the courage and determination which he 
 displayed during the action at Bear River, and for conspicuous 
 gallantry in the combats at Spanish Fork Canon. 
 
 He was then assigned to the command of Fort Bridger, and 
 participated, in July, 1863, in the capture of Mopocha's band of 
 Shoshones on the west side of the Wind River Mountains, which 
 
442 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 event marks the end of hostilities with that tribe ; and upon the 
 termination of his duties at Fort Bridger he was complimented by 
 the general commanding for the ability which he displayed in 
 exercising his command and in dealing with the overland travel 
 that passed his post during the summer. He was employed dur- 
 ing the summer of 1864 in making a wagon road reconnaissance 
 from Salt Lake City to El Dorado Canon on the Colorado River. 
 During this movement he erected a monument over the grave of 
 the victims of the Mountain Meadow massacre of 1857. His com- 
 mand suffered many privations for four months in that desert 
 country, but he made a successful reconnaissance and gained 
 much valuable information from that heretofore comparatively 
 unknown region. 
 
 He served at Rush Valley and Fort Bridger from September, 
 1864, to March, 1865, when he was appointed acting assistant 
 adjutant-general and acting assistant inspector-general of the 
 District of the Plains, which embraced Nebraska, Utah, Wyoming, 
 and parts of Colorado and Kausas, including Denver and Fort 
 Leaven worth, and was in supervisory charge of the district during 
 the absence of the general commanding on the Powder River 
 expedition, and was commended as having occupied the position 
 with ability and to the entire satisfaction of the general com- 
 manding the Division of the Missouri. He also served as acting 
 assistant adjutant- general of the District of Nebraska during 
 October and November, 1865, and as an aide-de-camp and acting 
 assistant adjutant-general for the general commanding the District 
 of Utah from the 14th of January to the 30th of April, 1866, and 
 was recommended for brevet commissions for gallantry in the 
 action at Bear River and the combats at Cedar Fort and in 
 Spanish Fork Canon ; but the recommendation was not favorably 
 considered because the services were rendered in the Indian 
 country during the war of the Rebellion. He received, however, 
 in recognition of his services, in connection with other officers 
 serving in Utah, a joint resolution of thanks of the Legislature 
 of California ; was elected an honorary member of the Siskiyou 
 (Cal.) Light Guards, and was appointed, from California, a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from February 23, 
 1866, which was the first appointment made to the regular army 
 from the volunteer forces which had served on the Pacific coast 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 443 
 
 during the war of the Rebellion. He continued to serve in 
 volunteer commission until July 9, 1866, when he was honorably 
 discharged at Fort Leavenworth. 
 
 He then proceeded to Washington, and, having reported at 
 the headquarters of the regiment, was assigned to Nashville, Tenn., 
 where he arrived in September, and commanded a company until 
 he was promoted a first lieutenant, to date from July 31, 1866. 
 He had a skirmish with guerrillas near Hartsville, Tenn., on the 
 17th of October, 1866, when in pursuit of a party charged with 
 robbing a pay-car of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. He 
 served as post-adjutant, and judge-advocate of a general court-mar- 
 tial, at Raleigh, N. C, from November, 1866, to June, 1867, when he 
 was transferred to Kingston, and thence to Morganton and Asheville. 
 He served as quartermaster and commissary at Asheville, organized 
 the registration boards in the counties of Western North Carolina, 
 and was judge-advocate of a military commission at Salisbury. 
 His most important service during the reconstruction period was 
 the preparation of a report upon the operations of a scaling law 
 Avhich had been enacted by the legislature of North Carolina to 
 govern the settlement, in gold coin or its equivalent, of private 
 debts contracted in Confederate currency during the rebellion 
 against the United States, and the principles announced in that 
 report were subsequently adopted in general orders from the head- 
 quarters of the Second Military District as the rule to govern the 
 civil courts in the Carolinas. 
 
 He was assigned, in February, 1868, to the staff of Brigadier- 
 General E. R. S. Canby as assistant to the judge-advocate of the 
 Second Military District, and served in that position until the civil 
 governments of the Carolinas were established in accordance with the 
 requirements of the acts of Congress. During this period he was 
 also employed as judge-advocate of military commissions at Camden 
 and Columbia, and as military commissioner for the counties of 
 Polk and Rutherford in North Carolina during the spring elections 
 of 1868 ; and when the work of reconstruction was completed he 
 was charged with the duty of transferring all unfinished civil cases 
 in the office of the judge-advocate of the District to the attorney- 
 general of the State in which they had originated. 
 
 He then availed himself of a leave of absence until January, 
 1869, when he reported at Fort Harker, Kan., and commanded a 
 
444 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 detachment of recruits at that station and in the field until April. 
 He then rejoined his company at Fort Lyon, Col., and marched 
 with a battalion of the regiment across the country to Fort Mc- 
 Pherson, Neb., and was engaged en route in combats with hos- 
 tile Sioux and Cheyennes at Beaver and Spring creeks. He par- 
 ticipated in the operations of the Republican River expedition from 
 June to November, 1869 (commanded a company until the 19th 
 of July, and thereafter served as adjutant of the expedition), and 
 was engaged in the affairs near Spring Creek, in the sand-hills 
 near Frenchman's Fork, at Rock Creek, in the brilliant action at 
 Summit Springs (recommended for the brevet of captain for gal- 
 lantry), in the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, the Nio- 
 brara pursuit, and the affair on Prairie Dog Creek, where he won 
 a special mention in the official report "as meriting the highest 
 praise for dash and gallantry," and also for having, in connection 
 with Lieutenant Volkmar, Fifth Cavalry, "undoubtedly saved the 
 lives of Major Frank North (commanding the Pawnee scouts) and 
 the guide, William Cody." 
 
 He served as adjutant of a battalion of the regiment en route 
 from Fort McPherson to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., during Novem- 
 ber, 1869, and was battalion adjutant for seven companies at Fort 
 D. A. Russell from April, 1870, to December, 1871, when he was 
 detached from the regiment, then under orders for Arizona, and 
 continued on duty at that station, with a detachment of men and 
 horses awaiting the arrival of the Third Cavalry from Arizona, 
 until March, 1872, when he proceeded, by the way of San Fran- 
 cisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp 
 McDowell in June. He was appointed regimental quartermaster, 
 to date from May 1, 1872, and served at that station, in charge of 
 construction of public buildings, until October, when, having been 
 promoted a captain, to date from August 29, 1872, he joined his 
 company at Camp Date Creek, where he served until December, 
 when he participated in the Apache campaign of 1872-73, during 
 which his command was engaged in the affairs (two) in Baby 
 Cafion ; at Indian Run ; in Red Rock Canon ; on Turkey Creek ; 
 north of Baby Cafion, and at the mouth of Baby Cafion. He 
 then operated from Camp Verde, on the east side of the Rio 
 Verde, by the way of Tonto Basin, on the east side of the Mazatzal 
 and Salt River Mountains and the north-east side of the Pinal 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 445 
 
 Mountains, to Camp Grant, having a combat en route on the east 
 branch of the Rio Verde. He returned to Camp Date Creek in 
 March, 1873, and commanded the station until May. He was 
 twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a brevet major, 
 to date from January 1, 1873, for gallant conduct in the Tonto 
 Basin. 
 
 When in command of Camp Date Creek he was charged with 
 making the necessary arrangements for the removal of the Apache- 
 Yuma Indians to the Verde Reservation, and upon the completion 
 of the duty received the thanks of the department commander 
 for the successful manner in which the movement was begun, and 
 for the judicious execution of his instructions. 
 
 He commanded Camp McDowell from the 27th of May to the 
 19th of June, 1873, when he was selected to take charge of the 
 reconnaissance and construction of the military telegraph line from 
 San Diego to Prescott and Tucson, and was employed upon that 
 duty until December, when the entire line was completed. He 
 was then ordered to San Francisco to superintend the prepara- 
 tion of the cartography pertaining thereto, and upon the comple- 
 tion of the duty in April, 1874, availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until April, 1875, when he returned to San Francisco, and pro- 
 ceeded thence, by the way of San Diego, Tucson, and Fort Bayard, 
 to Fort Cummings, IS". M., where he joined the headquarters of 
 the regiment and marched up the Rio Grande to Santa Fe, where he 
 rejoined his company on the 8th of June, and marched thence, by 
 the way of Fort Union, to Fort Lyon, Col., and moved thence by 
 rail to Fort Hays, Kan., where he arrived on the 29th of June, and 
 had station, Avith occasional tours of field-service, until the 17th of 
 July, 1876, when he moved by rail to Cheyenne, Wyo., and while 
 marching thence to Fort Laramie was intercepted at Chug A\ ater 
 by a dispatch which directed him to join the regiment in the field. 
 He made forced marches and joined on the north branch of the 
 North Cheyenne River, and participated in the Big Horn and 
 Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged in the skirmish at Slim 
 Buttes, Dak. Upon the disbandment of the expedition in Octo- 
 ber at Fort Robinson lie was assigned to Fort McPherson, where 
 he had station until July, 1877, and was detached from December 
 21, 1876, to January 13, 1877, on escort duty (commanding) with 
 two and a half million dollars, government funds, in transit from 
 
446 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Omaha to San Francisco, and returned to Omaha with four mil- 
 lion dollars in gold coin. He served at Omaha during the railroad 
 riots of July, 1877 ; participated in the operations of the Wind 
 River expedition against the Nez Perces during September and 
 October, 1877, and upon the disbandment of the expedition was 
 assigned to Fort McKinney, Wyo., where he served until January, 
 1878, when he was assigned to general court-martial service at 
 Forts Fetterman and D. A. Russell until March, when he availed 
 himself of a leave of absence and visited Europe. He returned to 
 the United States in September, and rejoined his company at 
 Fort McKinney in October, 1878, where he had station until 
 October, 1879, when he marched to Rock Creek, and moved 
 thence by rail to Rawlins, Wyo., and joined the reserve of the 
 TJte expedition, and served at that place (escorted Paymaster 
 Stanton to White River) until the 29th of November, when he 
 was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, where he served until April 
 27, 1880. He then marched to Fort Sidney, Neb,, where he 
 arrived on the 1st of May, and had station until March, 1882, 
 having tours of detached service as judge-advocate at Salt Lake 
 City in November, 1880, and at Fort D. A. Russell in April, 1881 ; 
 conducting a detachment of recruits to San Francisco, Cal., in 
 September, 1881 ; on duty at the headquarters of the Military 
 Division of the Pacific from the 14th of September to the 7th of 
 December, 1881, purchasing cavalry horses ; and as judge-advocate 
 at Rock Creek, Wyo., in February, 1882. He availed himself of 
 a leave of absence from March to September, 1882, when he joined 
 the regimental headquarters at Fort Sidney and was selected for 
 a tour of recruiting service. He reported at Jefferson Barracks 
 on the 1st of October, 1882, and was assigned to New York City, 
 where he is now serving. 
 
 51. Edward M. Hates was born in New York. He enlisted, 
 in August, 1855, as a musician in the mounted service, and was 
 stationed at Carlisle and Jefferson Barracks until December, 3856, 
 when he was assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, and joined 
 his company at Camp Cooper, Tex., in February, 1857, and par- 
 ticipated in the combat at the head-waters of the Brazos River, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 447 
 
 the brilliant actions at Wichita Village, and at Small Creek, a 
 tributary of the Nescutunga, the operations of the Wichita 
 expedition of 1858-59, and was specially mentioned in department 
 general orders for good conduct in the affair at Pecan Bayou in 
 January, 1860. 
 
 Upon the expiration of his enlistment he returned to his home 
 in Ohio, where he attended school until April, 18G1. He then 
 entered the military telegraph service, and was assigned to the 
 National army in West Virginia, and was engaged in the battle of 
 Rich Mountain, the capture of Pegram's forces and the tow,n of 
 Beverly. He then served at Clarksburg, Buchanan, and other 
 places in West Virginia until the spring of 1862, and had charge, 
 as a volunteer, of two guns at the repulse of the enemy near Fair- 
 mont. He was then attached to Mitchell's division of General 
 Buell's army at Huntsville, Ala., and was severely wounded in a 
 skirmish near Fayetteville, Tenn., August 27, 1862, during the 
 retreat towards Louisville, Ky. 
 
 He was appointed a second lieutenant of Ohio cavalry, to date 
 from October 9, 1862, and was mustered into the service of the 
 United States as a first lieutenant of the Tenth Ohio Cavalry, to 
 date from January 15, 1863, and served in that grade until March 
 24, 1864, when he was promoted to a captaincy in his regiment. 
 
 He served with the cavalry corps of the Army of the Cumber- 
 land, and participated with his regiment in the action at Liberty 
 Gap and in many cavalry skirmishes about Murfreesboro during 
 the winter and spring of 1863. Upon the reorganization of the 
 cavalry corps his regiment was assigned to the Third Division, and 
 he participated in General Sherman's campaigns to the end of 
 the war. He served as an aide-de-camp for General Kilpatrick 
 from May, 1864, to July, 1865, and participated in the battles at 
 Resaca (wounded), the raid around the Confederate army at 
 Atlanta, and in the battles and engagements at Lovejoy's Station, 
 Waynesboro, Jonesboro, Macon, Griswold, and Savannah, Ga. ; 
 Aiken, S. C. ; Monroe Cross-Roads, Averysboro, and Bentonville, 
 N. C. ; and was present at the surrender of General Johnston's 
 army at Durham Station, N. C, April 26, 1865. The campaigns 
 in Georgia and the Carolinas were marked by many cavalry skir- 
 mishes and engagements, in which he participated as an aide-de- 
 camp for General Kilpatrick. 
 
448 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He was made a brevet major of volunteers, to date from March 
 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the campaigns 
 in Georgia and the Carolinas, and was mustered out of service, to 
 date from July 24, 1865. 
 
 He was appointed, from New Jersey, a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from February 23, 1866, and was in charge 
 of ordnance and commissary stores at Harper's Ferry from May to 
 August. He then joined his company at Winchester, Va., and 
 served as commissary and quartermaster until December, when, 
 having been promoted a first lieutenant, to date from August 20, 
 1866, he was assigned to reconstruction duty in North Carolina, 
 and served at Raleigh, Fort Hatteras (commanding), and Morgan- 
 ton (commissary and quartermaster) until September, 1868, when 
 he was transferred to frontier service and participated, as quarter- 
 master of a battalion of the regiment from October, 1868, to April, 
 1869, in the campaigns against the hostile Sioux and Cheyennes in 
 Kansas, Colorado, and the Indian Territory, and was engaged, in 
 October, 1868, in the affairs on Prairie Dog Creek, Shuter Creek, 
 and the north branch of Solomon Eiver. He then availed himself 
 of a leave of absence, and rejoined his company at Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., and served as quartermaster of the Republican River expe- 
 dition from the 9th of June to the 24th of August, 1869, and was 
 engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant action at Summit 
 Springs, the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, and in the 
 Niobrara pursuit. 
 
 He was appointed regimental quartermaster, to date from June 
 22, 1869, and served in that position and as quartermaster at Fort 
 McPherson until May 1, 1872. He commanded a detachment of 
 the regiment in an affair with hostile Sioux at Birdwood Creek, 
 Neb., May 24, 1871, and was quartermaster of the escort for 
 Lieutenant-General Sheridan and the Grand Duke Alexis of Rus- 
 sia in the Republican River Valley during January, 1872. 
 
 When the first detachment of the regiment moved, in Novem- 
 ber, 1871, to Arizona, he was retained at Fort McPherson until 
 April, 1872, in charge of enlisted men and horses awaiting the 
 arrival of the Third Cavalry. He was then appointed an aide- 
 de-camp for Brevet Major-General A\ r illiam H. Emory, com- 
 manding the Department of the Gulf, and served at New 
 Orleans until April, 1875, when he was promoted a captain, to 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 449 
 
 date from August 15, 1874. He then reported at Fort Leaven- 
 worth, and while awaiting the arrival of his company from 
 Arizona served as quartermaster for a battalion of the Sixth 
 Cavalry en route from Fort Lyon to Santa Fe, and returned Avith 
 the first battalion of the regiment to Fort Lyon, where he joined 
 his company in September, 1875, and conducted it to Camp Sup- 
 ply, I. T., where he had station, with occasional tours of field- 
 service, until June 9, 187G, when he proceeded to Cheyenne, Wyo., 
 and served during the operations against the hostile Sioux in the 
 Black Hills of Wyoming, and with the Big Horn and Yellowstone 
 expedition, and was engaged in the affair at War Bonnet (Indian 
 Creek), Wyo., and the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, 
 Neb., in October, he was assigned to Fort McPherson, Neb., where 
 he had station until August, 1877, being detached at Chicago dur- 
 ing the railway riots of July, 1877. He then changed station 
 to Fort Washakie, Wyo., where he served, commanding post and 
 company, until September, 1878. He then availed himself of a 
 leave of absence until July, 1879, when he was appointed recorder 
 of a board of officers convened at Washington, D. C, to examine 
 candidates for superintendents of national cemeteries, and contin- 
 ued on that duty until June, 1S80, when he rejoined his company 
 at Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he had station until May, 1882, when 
 he was transferred to Fort Washakie, Wyo., where he is now serving 
 as a company commander. 
 
 52. J. Scott Payne was born in Virginia. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 18th of June, I860, and as- 
 signed to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, ami was 
 promoted, in the regiment, a first lieutenant May 23, 18G7. He 
 joined his company at Washington, I). C, on the 2d of October, 
 where he had station until April, 18G7. He was then assigned to 
 reconstruction duty in the Southern States, and served in Alabama 
 and Tennessee, having stations at Montgomery, Demopolis, Xash- 
 ville, and Knoxville, until the 12th of September, 18G8, when he 
 resigned his commission and located at Knoxville, Tenn., when' 
 he engaged in the practice of law. lie also served as United 
 States commissioner for the United States Circuit Court, District 
 2<J 
 
450 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 of East Tennessee, 1871-73, and was associate editor of the 
 Knoxville Daily Wliig from October, 1809, to February, 1870, 
 and editor of the Knoxville Daily Whig and Register during 
 1870-71. 
 
 He was reappointed a second lieutenant in the Sixth Cavalry, 
 to date from February 3, 1873. He joined his regiment in 
 Kansas, and had stations at Forts Dodge, Lyon, and Wallace, and 
 participated in field operations in Kansas and Texas until Sep- 
 tember, 1874, and was engaged in a combat with hostile Chey- 
 ennes, Kiowas, and Comanches on Bed River, Texas, August 30, 
 1874, and served as adjutant for Major Biddle's battalion of the 
 Sixth Cavalry. 
 
 He was transferred, by act of Congress of June 23, 1874, 
 to the Fifth Cavalry as a first lieutenant with his original rank, 
 and joined at Camp McDowell, A. T., in February, 1875. He 
 commanded a company at that station and en route, by the way 
 of Camp Verde and Fort Wingate, to Santa Fe until June, when, 
 having been promoted a captain, to date from June 4, 1875, he 
 joined his company and conducted it from Fort Union, N". M., to 
 Fort Dodge, Kan., where he arrived on the 10th of July, and 
 served, commanding company and post, with occasional tours of 
 field-service, until July 17, 1876. He then proceeded by rail to 
 Cheyenne, and while marching thence to Fort Laramie was inter- 
 cepted at Chug Water by a dispatch which directed him to join 
 the regiment then in the field. He made forced marches and 
 joined on the north branch of the North Cheyenne River, and 
 served with the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition, and was 
 engaged in the skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, Xeb., 
 in October, he was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he 
 had station until January, 1878, and was engaged in the Wind 
 River expedition against the Nez Perces during September and 
 October, 1877, and in the capture of disaffected Bannack Indians 
 at Ross Fork (Idaho) Agency, in Janflary, 1878. He was then 
 assigned to Fort Fred Steele, Wyo., where he served until March, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence until June. He 
 then rejoined his company and served with a battalion of the 
 regiment in Northern Wyoming until December, and soon there- 
 after availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until July, 1879, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 451 
 
 when lie conducted a detachment of recruits to Cheyenne, and re- 
 joined his company at Fort D. A. Russell on the 38th of August. 
 
 Ee was ordered, in September, to field-service against the dis- 
 affected XJtes of Colorado, and, joining Major Thornburgh's com- 
 mand at, Port Fred Steele, participated in the march towards the 
 agency on White River, during which occurred the memorable and 
 disastrous action and siege at Milk Creek, Col., 29th of September 
 -5th of October, 1879, where he exercised the command (being 
 twice wounded) after the death of Major Thornburgh, who fell 
 early in the engagement, and until the arrival, five days thereafter, 
 of ( 'a plain Dodge, Ninth Cavalry. The occasion was one demand- 
 ing the exercise of the highest qualities an officer can possess, 
 and his conduct during the prolonged defense, under the most 
 disheartening circumstances, was beyond praise, while the records 
 of the army afford no brighter instance of gallant and zealous de- 
 votion to duty. 
 
 He was thanked and complimented in orders, letters, and re- 
 ports of Generals Sherman, Sheridan, and Crook for distinguished 
 services, and also received the thanks, by joint resolution, of the 
 sixth Legislative Assembly of Wyoming Territory for his bravery, 
 heroic conduct, and efficient services during the engagement and 
 subservient siege. 
 
 He returned to duty with his company at Fort D. A. Russell 
 on the 29th of November, and in January, 1880, was summoned 
 to Washington to testify before a Congressional committee con- 
 cerning the causes which led to the Ute outbreak. He returned 
 to his station in February, where he served until April, when he 
 was transferred to Fort Niobrara, in Northern Nebraska, where he 
 served as a company, and at times as a post, commander until 
 August 10, 1882, when he proceeded by rail to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 where he had station until November 12, 1882, when he was trans- 
 ferred to Fort Sidney, Neb., where he is now serving as a com- 
 pany commander. 
 
 53. Albert E. Woodson" was born in Kentucky. He removed 
 in 1859 to Washington Territory, where he engaged in civil pur- 
 suits and was for a time the private secretary of the governor 
 of the Territory. He enlisted. May 27, 1862, in the First Wash- 
 
452 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ington Territory Volunteers, and served as a private and hospital 
 steward until April 14, 1863. He was then appointed a second 
 lieutenant in his regiment, and served at Forts Walla Walla and 
 Vancouver until March 25, 1865, when he was mustered out of 
 service and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 He was appointed, from Idaho Territory, a first lieutenant in 
 the Thirty-sixth Infantry, to date from August 5, 1867, and served 
 at Fort Sanders (employed during the summer of 1868 on escort 
 duty with engineers of the Union Pacific Railway), Forts Bridger 
 and Douglas, until May 19, 1869, when, his regiment having been 
 consolidated with the Seventh Infantry, he was placed on the 
 list of unassigned officers and served as commissary at the Whet- 
 stone Indian Agency and on recruiting service at Sioux City 
 until November, 1870. 
 
 He was highly complimented by the commissary-general of 
 subsistence for faithful and efficient services at the Whetstone 
 Agency, where he discharged the duties of his office in a satis- 
 factory and business-like manner. 
 
 He was assigned, December 15, 1870, to the Fifth Cavalry with 
 his original rank, and joined at Fort McPherson, Web., on the 
 10th of March, 1871, where he had station until November, when 
 he accompanied the first detachment of the regiment (commanding- 
 company), by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, 
 to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell in January, 1872, 
 whence he marched, in April, to Camp Verde, where he had station 
 until March, 1873. He commanded a company during the Apache 
 campaigns of 1872-73, and was engaged in the affairs at the 
 Mexican crossing of the Verde River and on the west side of the 
 Verde River south of Camp Verde, and was twice nominated to 
 the United States Senate to be a brevet captain, to date from 
 December 31, 1872, for gallant conduct in an engagement with 
 the Apache-Mojave Indians in the Red Rock country. 
 
 He was a member of a board of officers convened at Los 
 Angeles for the purchase of cavalry horses, from April to May, 
 1873. He then availed himself of a leave of absence until 
 February, 1874, when he was placed on duty at the headquarters 
 of the Military Division of the Pacific, and finally rejoined at 
 Camp Grant in April, where he served as a company commander 
 and commissary until July, 1875. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 453 
 
 He then conducted a detachment (D, II, L) of the regiment 
 from Arizona "to Fort Lyon, Col., where he arrived in September, 
 and served, with occasional tours of field-service, until July, 1876, 
 when he moved by rail to Cheyenne to participate in the Sioux 
 campaign in Northern Wyoming, Dakota, and Montana. He was 
 promoted a captain July 1, 187G, and joined his company on the 
 north branch of the North Cheyenne River and served with the 
 Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged in the 
 skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak. Upon the disbandment of the 
 expedition at Fort Robinson, Neb., in October, he was assigned to 
 Fort Sidney, Neb., Avhere he had station until August, 1877, being 
 detached at Omaha during the railway riots of July, 1877. He 
 then changed station to Fort Washakie, Wyo., where he served 
 until May, 1878, and was engaged in the Wind River expe- 
 dition against the Nez Perces during September, 1877. He 
 was then employed on field-service in Northern Wyoming until 
 July, when he was assigned to Fort McKinney. He availed him- 
 self, in September, 1878, of a leave of absence until February, 1879, 
 when he was appointed recorder of a retiring board convened at 
 New York City, and continued on that duty until September, 
 when he resumed his leave of absence ; but having been informed 
 of the military operations against the hostile Utes of Colorado, he 
 rejoined his company at Rawlins, Wyo., on the 17th of October, 
 and served with the reserve of the Ute expedition until the 29th 
 of November. He was then assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 where he served until April, 1880, when he changed station to 
 Fort Laramie, where he has since served, with occasional leaves of 
 absence and tours of detached service, as a company, and at times 
 as a post, commander. 
 
 54. Calbraitii P. Rodgers Avas born in Harford County, 
 Md., July 1, 1845. His paternal grandfather, Commodore John 
 Rodgers, was for twenty years the senior officer of the United 
 States navy. His mother was the daughter of Commodore 
 Matthew Calbraith Perry, whose treaty with Japan opened the 
 ports of that country to the commercial world. 
 
 He grew to manhood on a farm, and manifested at an early 
 age the energy which marked his career as a cavalry officer. The 
 
454 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 confidence with which lie would mount the wildest colts, and the 
 skill displayed in the management of them, led to the often- 
 repeated prediction that he was born for a cavalryman. 
 
 His father was called from home in 1861, and was absent 
 during the greater part of the ensuing three years. The charge of 
 the farm and the care of the family thus devolved upon him at 
 the early age of sixteen years. He discharged these duties with so 
 much zeal and judgment that he won the respect and good-will of 
 the neighboring farmers in spite of their secession proclivities and 
 his outspoken National sentiments. 
 
 He was recommended by the family physician, in 1865, to 
 adopt an out-door life because of some trouble with his eyes. He 
 bought a team, and, having contracted to deliver poplar wood to a 
 paper-manufacturing company, established a camp in the woods 
 and carried on his work with such system and industry as to 
 make it cpiite profitable. He decided in the summer of 1866 to 
 ask for a commission in the army, and, having secured a few 
 letters, he presented them to General Grant, who, after some con- 
 versation concerning the duties, dangers, and hardships of the 
 profession, wrote a letter to the Secretary of War recommending 
 him for an appointment, Avhich was issued in September. He 
 passed the required examination, and was appointed a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from November 19, 1866. 
 He served at Washington, D. C., until October, 1867, when he was 
 promoted a first lieutenant, to date from August 15, 1867, and 
 assigned to Jackson, Miss., where he arrived in November and 
 served until March, 1869, when he was transferred to frontier 
 service and commanded a detachment of recruits at Fort Harker, 
 Kan., until May, when he marched across the country to Fort 
 McPherson, Neb. He served with the Eepublican River expedi- 
 tion from the 24th of June to the 17th of July, 1869, and was 
 engaged in the affair at Rock Creek and in the brilliant action at 
 Summit Springs. He was then assigned to the command of a 
 company, and served at Fort McPherson and with the closing 
 operations of the Republican River expedition (engaged in the 
 affair on Prairie Dog Creek) until November, when he rejoined 
 his company at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he served, with 
 occasional tours of field-service, until December, 1870. He was 
 then selected for recruiting service, and had stations at St. Louis, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 455 
 
 Carlisle, and Pittsburgh until December, 1872. He rejoined at 
 Camp Grant, Arizona, in May, 1873, and served at that station 
 until November, when he availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until April, 1874, and rejoined his company at Camp Bowie, 
 where he served as adjutant, commissary, and quartermaster, ami 
 commanded his company and station at different periods, until 
 July, 1875. 
 
 He then marched, by the way of the Bio Grande and Fort 
 Union, to Fort Lyon, Col., and proceeded thence by rail to Fort 
 Hays, Kan., where he arrived in September, and had station, with 
 occasional tours of field-service, until April, 1876, when he was 
 appointed a member of a board of officers convened for the pur- 
 chase of cavalry horses, and was employed on that duty until June, 
 when he was relieved, at his own request, and joined the regiment 
 in Northern Wyoming. He was promoted a captain, to date from 
 July "29, 1876, and commanded his company during the Big Horn 
 and Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged in the skirmishes at 
 Slim Buttes, Dak. He had station at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 from October, 1876, to August, 1878, and was employed during 
 the summer of 1877 with a battalion of the regiment on field- 
 service near the Big Horn Mountains and with the Wind River 
 expedition against the Nez Perces. He was serving in the field 
 in Northern Wyoming during the summer of 1878 when he was 
 summoned as a witness before a general court-martial at Fort D. 
 A. Russell. He had obeyed the summons, and when en route to 
 his command was killed by lightning near Rock Creek Station, 
 Wyo., on the 23d of August, 1878. He was in his tent with two 
 Indian scouts, seeking shelter from the storm and writing a letter 
 to his family, when the Hashing summons came. It is not prob- 
 able that he was conscious of the stroke, as hjs features were still 
 in death, the faithful mirror that portrayed his exalted character. 
 His remains were sent to Pittsburgh, where they now rest. He was 
 faithful to his friendships and generous in his impulses. He was a 
 dutiful son, a devoted husband, and a loving father. He died too 
 soon to secure the honors which always follow the mature years of 
 a soldier of his courage and ambition ; but the circle within which 
 he moved was made better by his example, and his brief life was 
 not lived in vain. 
 
456 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 55. John B. Babcock was bom in Louisiana and was engaged 
 in business pursuits at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. 
 He served as a sergeant in the Thirty-seventh New York National 
 Guard from the 29th of May to the 2d of September, 1862. and 
 was appointed a second lieutenant in the One Hundred and 
 Seventy-fourth New York Volunteers November 13, 1862, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant December 1, 1863. 
 
 He proceeded, in the fall of 1862, to the Department of the 
 Gulf, and participated in the winter campaign preceding the siege 
 of Port Hudson, including the first, advance, March, 1863, when 
 the ships of Admiral Farragut ran by the guns, and the affairs at 
 Fosse Point and Plains' Store ; the Port Hudson campaign, in- 
 cluding the first and second assaults upon, and the siege of, Port 
 Hudson, and was a volunteer for the storming party. He then 
 participated in the Red River campaign, and was engaged in the 
 battle of Sabine Cross-Roads and was commended for conspicuous 
 gallantry ; the battle of Pleasant Hill (adjutant), where the regi- 
 ment lost one hundred and twenty-one officers and men, and was 
 again commended for conspicuous gallantry ; the battle of Cane 
 River, where he was highly commended by his brigade commander 
 for leading the assault, and where his brilliant conduct con- 
 tributed largely to the success of the National army ; the siege of 
 Alexandria and the engagement on Mansura Plains. His regiment 
 was consolidated, in June, 1864, with the One Hundred and Sixty- 
 second New York Volunteers, and lie served with the new organi- 
 zation as a first lieutenant until December 9. 1864, when he was 
 promoted a captain, and on January 1, 1865, he was promoted a 
 major. The new organization was transferred to the Army of 
 the Potomac in front of Petersburg, and he participated in the 
 engagements on the north side of the James River preceding the 
 explosion of the mine. 
 
 He then participated in the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 
 1864, and was engaged in the battle of Cedar Creek and other en- 
 gagements and combats of less importance, and commanded his 
 regiment upon several occasions. He was employed during the 
 summer of 1865 as acting assistant adjutant-general of the District 
 of Georgia and until he tendered his resignation, which was ac- 
 cepted, to take effect July 23, 1865. 
 
 He received the brevets of first lieutenant, captain, and major, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS 457 
 
 to date from March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services 
 at the battles of Sabine Cross-Roads, Pleasant Hill, and Cane 
 River Crossing, La., and was made a brevet lieutenant-colonel of 
 New York Volunteers by the State of New York in recognition of 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 He was appointed, from Connecticut, a second lieutenanl in the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from January 22, 1867, and was promoted, 
 in the regiment, a first lieutenant February 14, 1868, and a captain 
 May 9, is;;. He joined his company in South Carolina on the 
 17th of April, and served at Aiken and Edgefield until November, 
 when be was transferred to Washington and served with the escort 
 for General Grant until August, 1868. He then availed himself 
 of a sick-leave of absence until November, when he joined a 
 battalion of the regiment in Kansas and commanded a company 
 during the campaigns against the hostile Sioux and Cheyennes 
 until July 17, 18G9. He served with the Canadian River expe- 
 dition and in camp near Fort Lyon, Col., during the winter and 
 spring of 1868-69, and while marching across the country to Fort 
 McPherson, Neb., was engaged, in May, 1869, in the combats with 
 hostile Sioux and Cheyennes at Beaver and Spring creeks. His 
 company (M) was surrounded at Spring Creek by a large force of 
 warriors under the famous Cheyenne chief, Tall Bull, but he suc- 
 cessfully resisted their assaults until the arrival of the main column, 
 when he participated in the vigorous pursuit which followed. He 
 served with the Republican River expedition during June and 
 July, 18G9, and was engaged in the affair on the Republican River 
 near Spring Creek, in the sand-hills near Frenchman's Fork, 
 in repulsing a night attack of the enemy at Rock Creek, and in 
 the brilliant action at Summit Springs. He then availed him- 
 self of a sick-leave of absence until April, 1870, when he rejoined 
 at Fort McPherson, and served at that station, Plum Creek, North 
 Platte, and Fort D. A. Russell until December, 1871. He then 
 accompanied the second detachment of the regiment, by the way 
 of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and 
 arrived at Camp Bowie in February, 1872, where he served until 
 August, when he was transferred to Camp Grant, and thence, in 
 April, 18713, to Camp Apache. 
 
 He participated in the Apache campaigns of 18;:)-74, and was 
 engaged in the combats north-east of the forks of Tonto Creek 
 
458 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 (slightly wounded), in Sunflower Valley near the Four Peaks, at 
 Wild Rye Creek, and near the head-waters of Cherry Creek. He 
 was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, to date from June 16, 1873, for gallant conduct 
 in an engagement with Tonto- Apache Indians in Tonto Basin ; and 
 a brevet colonel, to date from January 16, 1874, for gallant conduct 
 in an engagement with Apache Indians at Four Peaks. 
 
 He served at San Carlos Agency as a company commander, 
 commissary, and quartermaster from March to October, 1874, 
 when he was selected for recruiting service and had stations at 
 Chicago and New York until December, 1876, when he rejoined 
 at Fort McPherson, where he served as adjutant and company 
 commander until May 9, 1877, when he joined his company, by 
 promotion, at that station. He served at Chicago during the 
 railway riots of July, 1877, and then availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until November, when he rejoined his company at Fort 
 McKintiey, Wyo., where he had station, with a tour of field-service 
 to the Little Missouri Ptiver, until May, 1878. He was then em- 
 ployed on field-service in Northern Wyoming until December, 
 when he was assigned to Fort D. A. Eussell, Wyo., where he had 
 station until April, 1880, and was employed on general court- 
 martial duty at Salt Lake City in December, 1878, on field-service 
 in the sand-hills of Western Nebraska during January and Feb- 
 ruary, 1879, in the Ute expedition during the fall and winter 
 of 18T9, and participated in raising the siege and action of Milk 
 Creek, Col. 
 
 He was transferred, in April, 1880, to Camp Sheridan, Neb., 
 and commanded the post until October, when he availed himself 
 of a leave of absence until May, 1881. He then rejoined his com- 
 pany at Fort Robinson, Neb., where he has since served as a 
 company, and at times as a post, commander. 
 
 56. Edward W. Ward was born in Kentucky. He served as 
 first lieutenant of Twyman's company of Kentucky scouts from 
 December 26, 1861, to March 24, 18G3, and as captain from March 
 24 to July 27, 1863, when he was transferred as a captain to the 
 Third Kentucky Cavalry, and served in that grade until July 15, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 459 
 
 1865, when lie was mustered out of service. He also served as 
 an aide-de-camp of volunteers, September, 1862-March, L863, and 
 February-July, 1865. 
 
 Ee was appointed, from Kentucky, a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from July 22, 1867, and was promoted, in 
 the regiment, a firsl lieutenant April 25, 1869, and a captain 
 August 23, 1878. He joined his company in North Carolina on 
 the 26th of September, and served at Morganton (adjutant) and 
 Raleigh until August, 1868, when he was transferred to frontier 
 service, and served as adjutant for a battalion of the Fifth Cavalry 
 in a campaign againsi the hostile Sioux and Oheyennes on the 
 western border of Kansas, and was engaged, in October. 1- 
 the affairs on Prairie Dog Creek, Shuter Creek, and the north 
 branch of Solomon River. He served with the Canadian River 
 expedition (adjutant) and in camp near Fort Lyon during the 
 winter and spring of 1868-69, and while inarching across the 
 country to Fort McPherson, Neb., was engaged, in May, 1S69, in 
 the combats with hostile Sioux and Oheyennes at Beaver and Spring 
 creeks. He served as acting signal officer at Fort McPherson until 
 July, when he availed himself of a leave of absence until Septem- 
 ber, lie then joined the Republican River expedition and was 
 engaged in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek. He then returned 
 to Fort McPherson. where he had station, with occasional tours 
 of field-service, until December, 1870, when he was selected for 
 recruiting service and had stations at St. Louis and Louisville 
 until October, 1872. He then availed himself of a sick-leave of 
 absence until October, 1873, when he conducted a detachmenl of 
 recruits to Arizona, and rejoined his company^at Camp Lowell on 
 the 22d of November. He participated in the Apache campaign 
 of 1874, and was engaged in an affair in the Santa Teresa Moun- 
 tains ; commanded Indian scouts at Camp Apache ; served as 
 company commander, quartermaster, and commissary at San 
 Carlos Agency, and as company commander at Camp Grant, until 
 July, 1875, when he marched, by the way of the Rio Grande, 
 Santa Fe, and Fort Lyon, to Fort Wallace, Kan., where he arrived 
 on the 12th of September, and had station, with occasional tours 
 of field-service (engaged in combat on Canon Creek), until May, 
 1876. He then availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until 
 October, when he rejoined his company and served with the 
 
460 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Powder River expedition, and was engaged in the brilliant action 
 on Bates Creek (north branch of Powder River), Wyo. He was 
 then assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, W) T o., where he had station, 
 with frequent sick-leaves of absence, until May 1, 1879, when he 
 was retired from active service for disability resulting from disease 
 contracted in the line of duty. His home is near Lincolnton, 
 X. C, where he is engaged in agricultural pursuits. 
 
 57. William J. Volkmar was born iu Pennsylvania, and served, 
 during the Confederate invasion of his native State, as a sergeant 
 in the Thirty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers from the 19th of 
 June to the 4th of August, 1863. Upon the recommendations of 
 his captain and colonel, for gallant conduct in battle during the 
 Gettysburg campaign, and of the faculty of the high-school of 
 Philadelphia, from which institution he holds the degrees of B.A. 
 and M.A., he was appointed a cadet at the Military Academy, and 
 was graduated on the 15th of June, 1868, and assigned to the Fifth 
 Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was promoted, in the regiment, 
 a first lieutenant March 19, 1870, and a captain April 2, 1879. 
 
 He reported at Fort Harker, Kan., October 4, 1868, and was 
 assigned to the command of a detachment of cavalry recruits, 
 which lie was employed in arming, equipping, and drilling until 
 the 2d of November, when he accompanied the detachment to 
 Fort Dodge, Kan., and was engaged en route in a combat (Novem- 
 ber 15) with Cheyenne Indians near Fort Larned. He was serv- 
 ing as an acting aide-de-camp for Colonel Sully, commanding the 
 Indian Territory expedition, when he was ordered to join his 
 company, then with another column, at Fort Wallace, Kan. 
 
 He then served (commanding company) with the Canadian 
 River expedition and in camp near Fort Lyon during the winter 
 and spring of 1868-69, and while marching across the country witli 
 a battalion of the regiment (acting engineer officer) was engaged, 
 in May, 1869, in the combats Avith hostile Sioux and Cheyennes 
 at Beaver and Spring creeks, and narrowly escaped death in the 
 combat at the latter place. He was recommended for the brevet 
 of first lieutenant for conspicuous gallantry upon that occasion. 
 He participated, as acting engineer and signal officer, in the opera- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 4f>l 
 
 tions of the Republican River expedition from June to & 
 1869, and was engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant 
 action at Summit Springs (distinguished for gallantry and recom- 
 mended for the brevet of captain), the affair in the sand-hills .south 
 of Julesburg, the Niobrara pursuit, and the affair on Prairie Dog 
 Creek, where he won a special mention in the official report "as 
 meriting the highest praise for dash and gallantry," and also for 
 having, in connection with Lieutenant Trice, Fifth Cavalry, " un- 
 doubtedly saved the lives of Major Frank North (commanding 
 Pawnee scouts) and the guide, William Cody." 
 
 lie then served at Fort McPherson, where lie was principally 
 employed as acting engineer and signal officer, quartermaster, and 
 commissary, until February, 1871. He then availed himself of a 
 sick-leave of absence until May, when he joined his company at 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., and served at that station until Decem- 
 ber, 1871, when he accompanied the second detachment of the 
 regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, 
 to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell iu January, 1872, and 
 was soon thereafter assigned, at the recpiest of Brigadier-General 
 Oliver 0. Howard, to the difficult and dangerous duty of attempt- 
 ing, under a flag of truce, to open communication with the hostile 
 Apaches. He was then employed in conducting recruits to Camps 
 Grant, Lowell, and Apache, and served on general court-martial 
 duty at Camp Apache until July, when he rejoined his company 
 in the field near Camp Hualpai. He was selected, in August, 1872, 
 to command Camp Date Creek, where he rendered important and. 
 highly valuable services during the outbreak of the Apache-Yuma 
 Indians on the 8th of September. He was selected, in December, 
 1872, for recruiting service, and had stations at Cleveland, Phila- 
 delphia, and St. Louis, and was adjutant of the cavalry station at 
 St. Louis Barracks, until May, 1875, when he was assigned to tem- 
 poral'}' duty in the office of the chief engineer of the Department of 
 Missouri. He served in that position until December, when he was 
 appointed chief signal officer of the department, and was employed 
 in giving instructions in military signaling and telegraphy until 
 December, 187G, when he was appointed aide-de-camp for Brigadier- 
 General Pope (now major-general). He continued in the discharge 
 of the duties of these offices, and performed, at intervals, the duties 
 of assistant adjutant-general, judge-advocate, and chief ordtoanct 
 
462 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 aud engineer officer until after his promotion to a captaincy in the 
 regiment, when he was relieved, in July, 1879, from staff duty, at 
 his own request, and joined his company at Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo. He joined Major Thornburglrs command which was organ- 
 ized, in September, to operate against the disaffected Utes on 
 White River, Col.; but, before the command marched from Fort 
 Fred Steele, Wyo., he was recalled by the lien tenant-general of 
 the army for special duty at Chicago, 111., as recorder of a board 
 of officers which was convened to consider disputed matters 
 relating to the battles of Chickamauga and Stone River; 
 
 Before completing this duty, and in January, 1S80, he was 
 again appointed an aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General Pope, 
 and served in that position at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., until June 6, 
 1881, when he was appointed an aide-de-camp (with the rank of 
 lieutenant-colonel) for the lieutenant-general of the army, and is 
 now serving in that position at Chicago, 111. 
 
 58. William 0. Fokbush was born in Massachusetts. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 15th of June, 1868, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted, in the regiment, a first lieutenant March 10, 1ST0, and 
 a captain May 1, 1879. He joined his company at Fort Hays, 
 Kan., on the 5th of October, aud participated, during October and 
 November, 1868, in a campaign against the hostile Sioux and 
 Cheyeunes on the western border of Kansas, and was engaged in 
 the combats on Prairie Dog Creek, Shuter Creek (distinguished 
 for gallantry and recommended for the brevet of first lieutenant), 
 and the north branch of Solomon Paver. He served as an acting- 
 aide-de-camp for Major Carr during the Canadian River expedi- 
 tion, and in camp near Fort Lyon, Col., from December, 1868, to 
 April, 1869, when he was appointed cpiartermaster of a battalion 
 of the regiment en route to Fort McPherson, Neb., and was 
 engaged in the combat with hostile Sioux and Cheyennes at Beaver 
 Creek, May 13, 1869. 
 
 He served as adjutant of the regiment from July 12, 1869, to 
 October 5, 1876, having stations at Fort McPherson, Neb., Camps 
 McDowell and Lowell, A. T., and Fort Hays, Kan. He was 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 163 
 
 acting assistant adjutant-general of the District of the Republican 
 from July, 1869, to November, 1871 ; of the District of the Blacfc 
 Hills, June and July, 1870, and was engaged in the affair at War 
 Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo. ; of the cavalry corps of the Big- 1 torn 
 and Yellowstone expedition from the 4th of August to the 8th of 
 October, 1876, and was engaged in the skirmish at Slim Buttes, 
 Dak., and was commended in general orders for invaluable services 
 and untiring zeal and efficiency as a staff officer under the most 
 trying circumstances in the field. He was then selected for re- 
 cruiting service, and was employed as adjutant at St. Louis Bar- 
 racks until September, 1878, when he was relieved, and joined at 
 Fort McKinney, Wyo., in January, 1879, where he served as 
 adjutant until May. He then availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until October, when he joined his company at Fort Washakie, 
 Wyo., where he served until May, 1880, when he changed station 
 to Fort Eobinson, Neb., where he arrived in June and served until 
 January, 1881. He then availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until June, 1881, when he rejoined his company at Fort Robinson, 
 and a few days thereafter changed station to Fort Sidney, Neb., 
 where he is now serving as a company commander. 
 
 59. Chaeles Kikg was born in New York. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 18th of June, 1866, and as- 
 signed to the First Artillery as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted, in that regiment, a first lieutenant May 15, 1870. He 
 served at the Military Academy as an assistant instructor of ar- 
 tillery until the 28th of August, when he availed himself of the 
 graduating leave of absence and afterwards joined his regiment at 
 Jackson Barracks, near New Orleans, on the 30th of November, 
 where he had station until February, 1868, when he was transferred 
 to Sedgwick Barracks, La., and thence to Fort Hamilton, N. Y. 
 He was employed on recruiting service at Cincinnati from April 
 to July, 1809, when he was returned to Fort Hamilton. He was 
 an assistant instructor of infantry, cavalry, and artillery tactics at 
 the Military Academy from September 4, 1809, to October 24, 
 1871, and was transferred, with his original rank. January 1. 
 L871, to the Fifth Cavalry. He joined the regiment at Fort 
 
464 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 McPherson, Neb., on the 7th of November, 1871, and was im- 
 mediately appointed an aide-de-camp for Brevet Major-General 
 Emory, commanding the Department of the Gulf, and served at 
 New Orleans (was also acting judge-advocate of the department) 
 from November, 1871, to January 31, 1874. He then conducted 
 a detachment of recruits to Arizona, and joined his company at 
 Camp Verde on the 13th of May, where he had station until 
 December. He participated in the Apache campaign of 18 74, 
 and was engaged in the actions at Stauffer's Butte, north-west of 
 Diamond Butte; on the Black Mesa, near the east branch of 
 Verde Biver ; and at Sunset Pass, eighteen miles from Little 
 Cottonwood Biver, November 1, 1874, where he was severely 
 wounded and compelled to avail himself of tours of detached ser- 
 vice and sick-leaves of absence until the 28th of September, 1875, 
 when he rejoined his company at Fort Biley, Kan, He was 
 nominated to the United States Senate to be a brevet captain, to 
 date from May 21, 1874 (antedated), for gallant and distinguished, 
 services in action with Apache Indians near Diamond Butte. 
 
 He served at Fort Biley until the 17th of May, 1876, when he 
 was transferred to Fort Hays, whence he moved by rail, with a 
 battalion of the regiment, to Cheyenne, and participated in the 
 Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming, Dakota, and Montana, and 
 served as acting regimental adjutant during the operations in the 
 Black Hills of Wyoming and in the Big Horn and Yellowstone 
 expedition, and was engaged in the affairs at the south branch of 
 Cheyenne Biver and at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., and in 
 the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. He was adjutant of the 
 regiment from October 5, 1876, to January 28, 1878, having 
 station at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., and serving as acting assistant 
 adjutant-general of the United States forces assembled at Omaha 
 during the railway riots of July and August, 1877, and of the 
 Wind Biver expedition against the Nez Perces during September 
 and October, 1877. He continued to have station at Fort D. A. 
 Bussell until September, 1878, when he availed himself of a 
 sick-leave of absence. He was promoted a captain May 1, is;'.'. 
 and, without joining his company, was retired from active service 
 on the 14th of June, 1879, for disability resulting from a wound 
 received in the line of duty. 
 
 He is the author of a series of readable sketches, entitled 
 
MILITARY RECOEBS OF OFFICERS. 465 
 
 "The Fifth Cavalry in the Sioux War of 1876," which were pub- 
 lished in the fall of 1880; and of an interesting novel entitled 
 "The Colonel's Daughter; or, Winning his Spurs," which was 
 published in the winter of 1882. He was elected, in January, 
 L881, professor of military science and tactics in the University 
 of Wisconsin, and is now serving as an aide-de-camp, with the 
 rank of colonel, on the staff of the governor of Wisconsin. 
 
 GO. Jacob A. Augur (a son of Brigadier-General C. C. 
 Augur) was born in New York. He was graduated from the 
 Military Academy on the 15th of June, 1869, and assigned to the 
 Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was promoted, in the 
 regiment, a first lieutenant January 11, 1871, and a captain June 
 14, 1879. He relinquished the graduating leave on the 7th of 
 July and joined his company at Fort McPherson, Neb., on the 2d 
 of August, and served with the Republican River expedition of 
 1869 and was engaged in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek. He 
 was then assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., and soon there- 
 after availed himself of a leave of absence until March, 1870, when 
 he was attached for duty to Company K, en route from Washing- 
 ton, D. C, to the Department of the Platte, and rejoined his 
 company in May at Pine Bluffs, Neb., where he served until 
 August, when he marched to Fort D. A. Russell, where he had 
 station until August 16, 1871, and was employed on escort duty 
 with the Indian Commissioners to Fort Laramie and with an 
 expedition from Fort McPherson to the Republican River during 
 the fall of 1870. He was appointed, July 28, 1871, an aide-de- 
 camp for Brigadier-General Augur, and served in that position 
 from August 17, 1871, to June 30, 1878, when he was relieved at 
 his own request. He had stations during this period at Omaha, 
 San Antonio, and New Orleans, and, in addition to his duties as 
 an aide-de-camp, served as acting assistant adjutant-general for 
 the Department of Texas from February 5, 1872, to May G, 1873, 
 and from November 1, 1873, to January 20, 1874; as acting 
 engineer officer for the Department of Texas from July 22, 1873, 
 to Mav 11, 1874 ; and as acting judge-advocate for the Department 
 of the Gulf from January to July, 1878. 
 
 He joined his company in the field in Northern Wyoming 
 30 « 
 
466 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 July 27. 1878, and was assigned, in December, to Fort D. A. 
 Russell, where he had station until April, 1880, and was employed 
 on field-service in Western Nebraska during January and February, 
 1879, and in the Ute expedition during the fall and winter of 
 1879, and participated in raising the siege and action of Milk 
 Creek, Col. He changed station, in April, 1880, to Fort Laramie, 
 Wyo., where he has since served, with occasional leaves of absence 
 and tours of detached service, as a company commander. 
 
 FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 6. Walter H. Jenifer was born at Port Tobacco, Md., in 
 1827. He was appointed a first lieutenant of dragoons on the 18th 
 of February, 1847, and was commissioned, on the 14th of May, 
 
 1847, a first lieutenant in the Third Dragoons (organized by act 
 of Congress of February 11, 1847, for the war with Mexico), to 
 date from April 9, 1847, and accompanied his regiment to Mexico, 
 and was serving at Mier (August, 1847) when he was promoted a 
 captain, to date from July 1G, 1847, but was not commissioned 
 until February 1, 1848. He was then ordered to his regiment in 
 the city of Mexico, but, having been prostrated by yellow fever at 
 Vera Cruz, did not join until May, 1848. He was then assigned 
 with his company to escort duty with the United States commis- 
 sioners en route to Queretaro, where the treaty of peace was signed. 
 He was discharged at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., on the 31st of July, 
 
 1848, without having participated in any of the battles of the war 
 with Mexico. 
 
 He was engaged in mercantile pursuits on the Pacific coast 
 until about the time he was appointed a first lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and was 
 assigned to recruiting duty at Port Tobacco, Md., and Win- 
 chester, Va., until August, when lie joined his company at 
 Jefferson Barracks, where he had station until October, when 
 he marched with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at Fort 
 Mason January 14, 1856, where he served until March, 1857, 
 when he changed station to Fort Inge, and thence to Fort 
 Belknap. He participated in the expedition towards the head- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 467 
 
 waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers during June and July, 
 1856, and commanded in the affairs on the Rio Llano, on the 
 head-waters of the north branch of the Nueces (distinguished and 
 commended in orders), and near the head-waters of the Nueces, 
 lie was employed on recruiting service from November, 1857, to 
 March, 1858, and from May, 1858, to June, 1859, when he rejoined 
 at Camp Radziminski, where he served as commissary and quarter- 
 master of the Wichita expedition until December. He then 
 changed station to Camp Colorado, and on the 26th of February, 
 1861, evacuated the post and marched with his company to In- 
 dianola, where he embarked with the first detachment of the regi- 
 ment on the steamship Coatzacoalcos and sailed for New York, 
 and proceeded thence to Carlisle, where he arrived on the 13th 
 of April, 1861, and, having obtained a leave of absence for seven 
 days, arrived at Baltimore in time to witness the conflict between 
 the mob and the Sixth Massachusetts Volunteers, when he returned 
 to Carlisle and tendered his resignation, which was accepted, to 
 take effect April 30, 1861. He then started to Washington on the 
 unexpired five days of his leave for the purpose of settling his 
 accounts with the government. When he arrived at Hanover, 
 Pa., he was arrested by order of the governor of Pennsylvania on 
 the charge of desertion and communicating to the enemy the 
 condition of affairs at Carlisle and the movements of the State 
 troops. He was searched, placed in irons, and sent to York, Pa., 
 where he was imprisoned. It was soon shown that he was on 
 a leave of absence and not in communication with the enemy. 
 He was then released and continued his journey to Baltimore, 
 and proceeded thence to Richmond, Va., where he entered the 
 Confederate service as a major of cavalry. He participated in 
 the battle of Bull Run, was promoted a lieutenant-colouel, and 
 commanded the Eighth Virginia Cavalry at Ball's Bluff, Va., as a 
 colonel of cavalry. He participated in many of the battles of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia until March, 1862, when lie was trans- 
 ferred to the Department of West Virginia, where he served until 
 the spring of 1863, when he was ordered to Richmond as an 
 inspector of cavalry. After a brief service in that position he 
 was assigned to Mobile, Ala., where he had a cavalry command 
 until near the end of the war, when he was promoted a brigadier- 
 general, but never served in that grade. 
 
468 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Ho resided in Baltimore from 1865 to 1870, when lie accepted 
 service in the army of the Khedive of Egypt as an inspector- 
 general of cavalry with the rank of colonel. He resigned the 
 position in December, 3 875, and returned to Baltimore, where he 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits until the spring of 1877, when he 
 removed to Richmond, where a disease of the throat, contracted in 
 Egypt, caused him great suffering and finally compelled him to 
 submit to a surgical operation. He died in that city on the 9th 
 of April, 1878. He was the inventor of the well-known Jenifer 
 saddle, and was famous for the fine horses which he always owned 
 and his fondness for hunting. He was active and ambitious, and 
 upon one occasion rode, without changing horses, from Fort Mason 
 to Fort McKavett, a distance of seventy miles, in seven hours. His 
 specialty in civil life was animal-painting. He was the first officer 
 in the army to apply the Baucher system to the cavalry, doing 
 this, however, in a small way, having only time to drill a limited 
 number of non-commissioned officers for a few weeks before the 
 beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He was relieved, during 
 the winter of 1877-78, of his political disabilities by an act of Con- 
 gress, and was making arrangements to introduce the Jenifer saddle 
 to the army when he was stricken by his fatal illness. 
 
 8. Alexander H. Cross (a son of Colonel Trueman Cross, 
 assistant quartermaster-general, and author of " Military Laws oi 
 the United States," who was killed April 21, 1816, by Mexican 
 banditti near Fort Brown, Texas) was born in the District of 
 Columbia about 1826. He served in the war with Mexico as a 
 first lieutenant of Voltigeurs (organized by act of Congress of 
 February 11, 1847, for the war with Mexico) from April 9, 1847, 
 to August 31, 1848, and was distinguished for conspicuous gallantry 
 at the storming of Chapultepec. He was appointed, from the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and was employed on recruit- 
 ing service at Washington, D. C, and Augusta, Ga., until June, 
 when he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, where he had 
 station until October, when he marched with the regiment to 
 Texas, and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 1856, where he 
 served until May 1, 1856, when his appointment expired by consti- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS <>F 0FFI0ER8. 4C9 
 
 tutional limitation. He declined a reappointment and returned to 
 civil pursuits in Washington and Georgetown, D. C, where lie 
 wus employed at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He 
 entered the Confederate service and attained the grade of colonel. 
 After the war he returned to civil pursuits in Washington, George- 
 town, and Baltimore, and died of disease at Richmond, Va., in 
 L869. He was one of the best of the original appointments from 
 civil life. 
 
 11. Charles Radzimixski was born in Poland about 1825, and 
 emigrated at an early age to the United States. He served in the 
 war with Mexico as a second lieutenant in the Third Dragoons 
 (organized by act of Congress of February 11, 1847, for the war 
 with Mexico) from April 9, 1847, to July 31, 1848, and was engaged 
 in civil pursuits in New Mexico when he was appointed, from 
 Louisiana, a first lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to 
 date from June 30, 1855. He joined the regiment at Fort Mason, 
 Texas, March 25, 185G, and served at Camps Cooper and Sabinal, 
 and at Forts Inge and Clark, until May, 1857, when he was com- 
 pelled to avail himself of a sick-leave of absence. He rejoined his 
 company at Fort Clark in November, and served at that station, 
 Fort Mason, and on the Clear Fork of the Brazos until July 24, 
 1858, when rapidly failing health again compelled him to seek a 
 change of climate, and he died at Memphis, Tenn., of consumption, 
 on the 18th of August, 1858. He was highly esteemed for his manly 
 qualities and generous disposition. 
 
 12. Jonx T. Shaaff was born in the District of Columbia in 
 1830. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st 
 of July, 1851, and assigned to the Sixth Infantry as a brevel second 
 lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, a second lieu- 
 tenant June 9, 1853. He was stationed at Newport Barracks, 
 Ky., until 1852, when he was transferred to the frontier and 
 served at Forts Atkinson, Riley, and Laramie until he was ap- 
 pointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to 
 date from March 3, 1855. He was promoted a first lieutenant 
 May 1, 185(3. He joined his company at Jefferson Barracks on the 
 29th of July, where he had station until October, when he inarched 
 
470 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at Fort Mason January 14, 
 1856. He was selected to locate a wagon road from Fort Terrett, 
 on the head-waters of the Bio Llano, to Camp Lancaster, on the 
 El Paso Road, and suffered many privations during the progress of 
 the reconnaissance (April-June, 1856), but he persevered until he 
 had demonstrated that the route was not practicable. He served 
 at Forts Mason, Belknap, and Inge ; at Camps Colorado, Sabinal, 
 and Eadziminski, and on the Clear Fork of the Brazos ; partici- 
 pated in the Wichita expedition during November and December, 
 
 1858, and served as quartermaster at Indian ola from February, 
 
 1859, to February, 1860, when be rejoined his company at Fort 
 Mason, where he had station until January 10, 1861, and was 
 emploj-ed during July and August, 1860, in an expedition to the 
 country between tbe head-waters of the Concho and Colorado 
 rivers. He then availed himself of a leave of absence for one 
 year, and when the Southern States began to secede tendered his 
 resignation, which was accepted February 22, 1861. He then 
 entered the Confederate service as a major and commissary of 
 subsistence, and attained the grade of lieutenant-colonel. After 
 the war he engaged in an insurance business, and was thus em- 
 ployed when he died at New York City on the 2d of July, 1877. 
 
 13. George B. Cosby was born in Kentucky. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1852, 
 and assigned to the Mounted Riflemen (now Third Cavalry) as 
 a brevet second lieutenant, and was promoted, in that regiment, 
 a second lieutenant September 16, 1853. He served at Carlisle 
 until May, 1853, when he proceeded to Texas and joined his com- 
 pany at Fort Ewell on the 1st of June, and served at that station 
 until July, when he was transferred to Fort Merrill, where he 
 remained until September. He then entered upon a tour of field- 
 service which continued until June, 1854. He fought and de- 
 feated, on the 9th of May, 1854, a party of Comanche warriors 
 near Lake Trinidad, forty miles north-west of Corpus Christi, and 
 was severely wounded in the sabre-arm, but retained the command 
 throughout the engagement and was highly commended in orders 
 from the headquarters of the department and of the army for distin- 
 guished gallantry and coolness during the combat. He commanded 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 471 
 
 his company from June, 1854. to January, 1855, and was serving 
 at Port Clark when he was appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. He was 
 promoted a first lieutenant May 1, 1856. He reported at Louis- 
 ville, Ky., on the 30th of May, and joined his company at Jeffer- 
 son Barracks on the 19th of June, where he had station until 
 September, when he was appointed an assistant instructor of cav- 
 alry tactics at the Military Academy, and served in that posi- 
 tion from September 20, 1855, to January 23, 1857. He rejoined 
 his company at Camp Colorado, Texas, April G, 1857, where 
 he served until the 4th of June, when he was assigned to the 
 command of the escort with Captain John Pope, Topographical 
 Engineers, and was thus employed until April 16, 1859, when he 
 rejoined his company at Camp Radziminski, and soon thereafter 
 participated in the brilliant action at Small Creek, near the 
 Nescutunga, and was commended in the official report, and in 
 orders from the headquarters of the department and of the army, 
 for conspicuous gallantry. 
 
 He then served at Camp Cooper and the Brazos Agency, Camp 
 Colorado and Fort Mason, until the 24th of February, 1861, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence, and, without 
 rejoining the regiment, tendered his resignation, which was 
 accepted May 10, 1861. He was nominated to be a captain, to 
 date from May 9, 1861 ; but when his resignation was received 
 the nomination was withdrawn. He entered the Confederate 
 service as a major and assistant adjutant-general, served on the 
 staff of General Buckner, and was captured at Fort Donelson 
 and exchanged. He attained the grade of brigadier-general and 
 served chiefly with the cavalry. He removed to the Pacific coast 
 after the war, and engaged in farming and other civil pursuits 
 until he was appointed secretary for the State engineer of Cali- 
 fornia. He served in that position until January, 1883, when he 
 was appointed, for the term of four years, adjutant-general of the 
 State of California. 
 
 15. John B. Hood was born at Owensville, Bath County, Ky.. 
 June 29, 1831. He was graduated from the Military Academy 
 on the 1st of July, 1853, and assigned to the Fourth Infantry as 
 
472 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 a brevet second lieutenant, and, after a brief service at Fort Co- 
 lumbus, N. Y., joined his regiment at Fort Jones, Cab, where his 
 most important service was the command of an escort accompa- 
 nying Lieutenant Williamson's topographical reconnaissance in 
 1855. He was appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and joined at 
 Jefferson Barracks in October, and marched with the regiment to 
 Fort Mason, Texas, where he arrived January 14, 1856. He was 
 stationed, during bis tour in Texas, at Fort Mason and Camps Colo- 
 rado, Cooper, and Wood, and was chiefly employed on field-service. 
 He was a company commander for nearly three years, and served 
 as acting adjutant of the regiment from the 23d of February 
 to the 23d of June, 1859. He was promoted a first lieutenant 
 August 18, 1858, and was commanding a company at Camp Wood 
 (September, 1860) when he was selected for duty at the Military 
 Academy as an assistant instructor of cavalry tactics ; but, instead 
 of accepting the detail, he availed himself of a leave of absence 
 which he had obtained in February, 1860, and remained in Texas 
 watching the progress of the secession movement. 
 
 His services with the regiment were highly creditable in every 
 respect, and the most important event connected therewith is the 
 record of his superb courage at the head of Devil's River, Texas, 
 July 20, 1857, where he fought a force of Lipan and Comanche 
 warriors outnumbering his command three to one. He was 
 severely wounded in the sabre-arm and suffered a loss of five men. 
 His command killed ten warriors and wounded twelve others. He 
 twice led his small force (seventeen men) in mounted charges at 
 the enemy and into the open jaws of death — the last charge with 
 pistol in hand. The daring and impetuosity of these charges so 
 completely demoralized the savages that they permitted him slowly 
 to withdraw from the unequal contest and did not attempt to annoy 
 his retreat. He attended, in March, 1861, a conference of officers 
 at Fort Inge, Texas, where he announced his intention to resign 
 if Kentucky should secede. On the other hand, he advised the 
 enlisted men to remain faithful to their obligations; but he was 
 surely perplexed how to act when the crisis came. He was reluc- 
 tant to abandon the country; but finally, through the persuasions 
 of Southern friends, who were assisted by his well-known opinions 
 concerning the doctrine of State rights, his doubts and hesitations 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 4 r <3 
 
 crystallized into a decisive action, and be left the command while 
 it was marching towards Indianola, and, tendering bis resignation, 
 
 which was accepted, to take effect April 1G, 1861, joined the 
 rebellion against the United States and became one of the most 
 aggressive, if not always successful, of the Confederate generals. 
 
 He was commissioned a first lieutenant and assigned to the 
 command of the cavalry on the Peninsula, with the temporary rank 
 of a major until an appointment to that grade could be confirmed 
 by the Confederate senate. After having several encounters with 
 the National troops he was promoted, in September, 1801, a major, 
 and ordered to Richmond, where, upon arrival, he was assigned to 
 the command of the Fourth Texas Infantry. The Texans were un- 
 favorably disposed towards him, chiefly because he had come from 
 the regular army ; but his familiarity with the details of organiza- 
 tion, together with his manly bearing and decision of character, 
 soon convinced the officers and men that he was fitted to command ; 
 and it was then an easy task to bring his regiment to a high state 
 of discipline and efficiency. The regiment moved, in October, 
 1861, to Dumfries, on Quantico Creek, where it was united with 
 the First and Fifth Texas Infantry, and the three regiments con- 
 stituted the Texas Brigade ; and on the 3d of March, 1862, he was 
 assigned to the command, with the rank of brigadier-general. He 
 participated in the Virginia Peninsular and Chickahominy cam- 
 paigns, and on the 7th of May prevented the landing of General 
 Franklin's forces near West Point, on the York River, thus 
 frustrating General McClellan's attempt to intercept General 
 Johnston's retreat from Yorktown. He participated in almost 
 every engagement in Virginia until General Longstreet's corps was 
 dispatched to reinforce General Bragg, and was conspicuous at 
 Gaines's Mill, leading on foot his brigade when it made the 
 decisive charge upon the National works near McGee's house. In 
 the subsequent campaign of 18G2 he commanded a division ami 
 participated in the second battje of Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 Antietam, and Fredericksburg. He won a high reputation I'm' skill 
 and daring at Gettysburg by a brilliant and well-nigh successful at- 
 tempt to outflank one wing of General Meade's army, hut which was 
 defeated by General Sedgwick's corps. He was severely wounded 
 in the left arm at this battle and never again had perfect use of it. 
 He commanded the largest division in General Longstreet's corps 
 
474 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 on the second day of the battle, and was able, notwithstanding his 
 wound, to accompany the general, in August, 1863, to reinforce 
 General Bragg, who was then preparing for the battle of Chicka- 
 mauga. He had then attained the rank of major-general. He 
 has been termed by the Confederates the hero of Chickamauga, 
 where in that fiercely contested battle he received a wound which 
 compelled the amputation of the right leg near the hip. He was 
 promoted a lieutenant-general, to date from the battle of Chicka- 
 mauga. 
 
 Within a period of twenty-eight months he advanced from a 
 first lieutenant to the grade of lieutenant-general, and always dis- 
 played excellent ability and conspicuous courage on the field of 
 battle. The wound received at Chickamauga disabled him for 
 several months, and he made his first appearance in public, after 
 losing the leg, at Eichmond in February, 1864, where the citizens 
 cheered him as he rode through the streets. He proceeded to 
 North Carolina in March, 1864, and assumed the command of his 
 corps, under General Johnston, and participated in the battle of 
 Resaca, Ga. (wounded and had a horse killed under him), and in 
 the action near Marietta, Ga. 
 
 About this time he wrote the now historic letter urging the 
 junction of the troops of Generals Polk and Loring, and then, 
 uniting with General Longs treet in Tennessee, to gain the rear of 
 the National forces and drive them out of Tennessee and Kentucky. 
 The Confederate government declined to act upon the sugges- 
 tion, and General Johnston retreated to Atlanta and was bitterly 
 denounced for only resisting General Sherman's advance with 
 skirmish-lines and rear-guards. This sentiment assisted the Con- 
 federate government in its purpose to relieve General Johnston 
 from command by substituting in his place "a fighting man." 
 General Hood was then understood as entertaining the opinion 
 that General Johnston should risk a battle instead of retreating, 
 but at a later day he claimed that he only urged the offensive- 
 defensive policy instead of the purely defensive. The change was 
 made, and General Hood succeeded General Johnston in the com- 
 mand of the Confederate Army of the Tennessee on the 18th of 
 July, 1864. 
 
 Atlanta was a magazine of founderies, arsenals, and machine- 
 shops, and its capture would prove a terrible reverse to the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 475 
 
 Confederates. General Hood was not a man of marked mental 
 capacity, but he was brave, aggressive, and determined. It is 
 therefore apparent that the change at this critical period was a 
 proof of the displeasure of the Confederate government with the 
 cautious policy of General Johnston. It was understood that 
 General Hood was bold even to rashness, and when the change of 
 commanders was made known to the National army it was at once 
 assumed that the change meant fighting, and an order was prompt- 
 ly issued directing the division commanders to be always prepared 
 for battle in any shape. 
 
 The day after General Hood succeeded to command he began 
 a series of offensive operations in which he was generally unsuccess- 
 ful. He fought, on the 19th and 20th of July, the battle of Peach 
 Tree Creek, where he attempted to pierce the National centre, and, 
 witli this object in view, attacked General Hooker's corps, together 
 with parts of General Johnson's division of the Fourteenth Corps 
 and General Newton's division of the Fourth Corps, and was 
 repulsed with a severe loss. He fought, on the 22d of July, the 
 battle of Atlanta, where he charged the National lines seven times, 
 only to encounter seven disasters, after which he retired during 
 the night within his works. He made another fierce attack on the 
 extreme right flank of the National forces at half-past eleven A.M. 
 of the 28th of July, but after charging General Logan's corps 
 six times without success he withdrew, at four o'clock p.m., from 
 the contest. After these bloody failures he did not attempt to 
 meet the National forces outside his works, but, resting behind 
 them, contented himself by repulsing attacks upon his railway, 
 and he was so successful in this respect that it became necessary 
 to draw him out for a battle, or raise the siege and attack 
 his communications. Accordingly a movement on Jonesboro, 
 twenty miles south of Atlanta, was begun, and after a sharp con- 
 flict at that place on the 31st of August, resulting in another 
 defeat, he evacuated Atlanta the next day, and thereafter fought 
 against hope, but always stubbornly and desperately. He was a 
 dangerous foe when in adversity, and no National general regarded 
 his fighting qualities with indifference because of his repeated 
 defeats. 
 
 He then undertook a dangerous march northward, during the 
 progress of which his reverses seemed curiously to affect his 
 
478 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 a3tions. When he was informed, late in September, 18G4, of the 
 pitiable condition of the National soldiers at Andersonville, he 
 promptly granted General Sherman's request to pass a train of 
 necessary supplies through the Confederate lines. This was a 
 natural result of his character — humane amid the carnage of 
 war. But when, on the 12th of October, 1864, he demanded 
 the immediate and unconditional surrender of Resaca, Ga., and 
 announced if the National commander should accede to the 
 demand that all white officers and soldiers would be paroled, but 
 if he should be compelled to carry the place by assault that no 
 prisoners would be taken, he placed on record the only known 
 departure from a life-long courteous and chivalric character. It 
 is sufficient to write now that he always regretted this act of his 
 military career. The surrender was not tendered and the threat- 
 ened assault was not made, but he devoted his energies to the 
 destruction of the railway for about twenty miles in the direction 
 of Union Hill, and thereafter continued his movement down the 
 valley of the Chattooga, Avith the National forces in pursuit, which 
 was finally abandoned at Gaylesville, Ala. He continued his march 
 to Florence and thence towards Waynesboro, thus turning the 
 National position at Pulaski, when General Schofield retired to 
 Columbia, Tenn. General Hood followed this movement, and, 
 after a skirmish, began the passage of Duck Eiver, and on the 
 night of the 29th of November the National army passed Spring 
 Hill and took position at Franklin the next morning. General 
 Cheatham's corps was in the immediate vicinity of Spring Hill 
 during this movement of the National army, which marched within 
 one mile of the Confederate lines. General Hood severely censured 
 his subordinate for not attacking the National troops in flank while 
 they were in motion, and, hoping to pluck success from the appa- 
 rent blunder, attacked the National position the same day, light- 
 ing with the utmost obstinacy and the greatest courage. The 
 battle was continued far into the night, when General Hood, con- 
 scious of defeat, withdrew from the field with a loss of over 
 six thousand men. The National forces then retired to Nashville 
 without meeting with any resistance to the movement. Secretary 
 Stanton considered Franklin the bloodiest battle of the war. 
 
 On December 15-10, 1864, he fought, against General Thomas, 
 the battle of Nashville, where he met with a crashing and an over- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 477 
 
 whelming defeat, and in the storm of lead and iron hail of these 
 two days the Confederate Army of the Tennessee practically ended 
 its existence. This campaign also ended General Hood's military 
 career, and he was relieved from command January 23, 1865, 
 at his own request, and assumed in a farewell order all the respon- 
 sibility of the failures of the campaign in these words : 4i 1 am 
 alone responsible for its conception and strove hard for its execu- 
 tion." It has been written of him that "he illustrated what is 
 most difficult in human lives — even manners and perfect self-pos- 
 session in misfortune." He was the most unfortunate of the 
 Confederate generals, and perhaps least esteemed among the mili- 
 tary leaders of the Rebellion, but he was among the bravest of the 
 brave. He returned to Georgia, where upon several occasions he 
 addressed the people in public speeches, urging them to persevere 
 aud not surrender the hope of a final success. But he never again 
 appeared on the field as a soldier. Public sentiment was strongly 
 against him. He began to charge the cause of his failures upon 
 others, thereby creating much bitter feeling. His campaign, begin- 
 ning at Atlanta and ending on the Tennessee River, was marked 
 by many fatal mistakes. He ranked deservedly high as a skilful 
 division commander, but he seems to have lacked the military genius 
 so essential for the successful control of the operations of an army. 
 But while this is written it must be admitted that he was unfortu- 
 nate in succeeding to the command of the Confederate Army of 
 the Tennessee when it was angered and somewhat demoralized 
 because of the removal of its favorite general. He did not possess 
 the confidence of that army, and his reverses utterly debarred him 
 from any possibility of winning it. 
 
 He selected New Orleans as his home at the end of the war, 
 where he was engaged in commercial pursuits and in preparing a 
 history of his campaigns until August 30, 1879, when, at four o'clock 
 p.m. of that day, he passed away, a victim of yellow fever. His 
 wife had died a few days before, leaving to his care a large family 
 of young children. This affliction, added to business anxiety aris- 
 ing from financial reverses, seriously affected his physical strength', 
 which was already yielding to wounds received in battle, and made 
 him an easy victim to the dreaded scourge of the South. He was 
 buried on the evening of the day of his death. There was no display, 
 and, as a measure of precaution, none of the associations to which 
 
478 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 he belonged followed his remains to the burial, but a detachment of 
 State troops fired a salute over the grave of the dead soldier. He 
 preserved his military character during his last moments and ex- 
 pressed himself in soldierly phrases. He said to his physician, " If 
 you cannot overcome the enemy do not try any experiments " ; and 
 again, when a favorable symptom occurred, " We may dislodge and 
 rout the enemy." Just before he died a delirium set in, and he ex- 
 pired giving orders to his columns — a soldier in thought, feeling, 
 and sentiment to the end. His appearance in battle was inspiring, 
 and his voice could be heard above the din of ordinary conflict. He 
 was about six feet in height, with a long, brown beard flowing over 
 a broad chest, a quiet face, fair complexion, light hair, blue eyes, and 
 was remarkable at the beginning of the war for manly vigor. His 
 courteous manner and genial disposition made him a desirable 
 man in any community, and he commanded the respect of all 
 men. Soon after the war his friends proposed a subscription for 
 his benefit, which he declined in a few plainly spoken but pleasant 
 words, and announced his ability to earn sufficient money to supply 
 his simple wants. His religious sentiments and domestic virtues 
 were clearly shown in his daily life. While he displayed great per- 
 sonal courage on many of the battle-fields of the rebellion, he 
 never at any time excelled the courage which he displayed at 
 the head of Devil's Eiver, on the lonely plains of Texas, on the 
 20th of July, 1857, where, with pistol in hand, and in the dis- 
 charge of inconspicuous duty, he led the brave troopers of Com- 
 pany Gr, of the old Second Cavalry, in an almost hopeless 
 charge. 
 
 16. James B. Withebell was born in Michigan, and was 
 engaged in civil pursuits at Detroit when he was appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855. He reported at Louisville, Ky., in July, where he 
 was employed on recruiting service until the 20th of August, when 
 he joined his company at Jefferson Barracks, where he served 
 until October. He then marched with the regiment to Texas, and 
 arrived at Fort Mason January 14, 1856, where he had station 
 until August, 1858, when he was transferred to Fort Clark and 
 afterwards served at Camps Verde, Badziminski, Cooper, and Fort 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFK J i:> 479 
 
 Inge. He was promoted a first lieutenant June 28, 1860, and 
 joined his company at the cavalry camp on the Rio Grande in 
 January, 18G1. lie participated, August 30, 1856, in the combats 
 (three) with hostile Indians near the junction of the Pecos h'iui 
 and the Rio Grande, and on December 21, 1850, after a tedious 
 pursuit for three days, overtook and defeated a party of Mesca- 
 lero Apaches who had posted themselves in a dense chaparral on 
 the east bank of the Rio Grande. He engaged a band of hostile 
 Apaches, after a pursuit for four days, November 8, 1857, at a 
 place seventy miles north-east of the Nueces, where he defeated 
 the enemy (wounded) and captured their property, together with a 
 number of mules which they had stolen a few days before. He 
 was engaged in the brilliant action at Small Creek, near the 
 Nescutnnga, May 13, 1859. He was frequently commended in 
 official reports and orders for conspicuous gallantry and energy 
 in combats with the enemy. When the State was surrendered to 
 the insurgents he moved from the cavalry camp near the Rio 
 Grande on the 20th of March, 1861, and embarked on the steam- 
 boat Mustang, and arrived at the mouth of the river on the evening 
 of that day. He remained on the boat, as arrangements had heen 
 made to transfer the troops to the steamship Arizona the next 
 morning and proceed to Indianola. He fell overboard during the 
 night and was swiftly carried seaward by the current and drowned. 
 The body was not recovered. The accident was probably due 
 to the fact that he was near-sighted and the boat was of light 
 draught, with the deck close to the water and without guards. 
 He sleeps in 
 
 " A solemn graveyard where mortals never tread, 
 
 Where stand no marble monuments to mark the nameless dead; 
 But never yet was graveyard so quiet and serene, 
 No churchyard half so peaceful, no hillside half so green." 
 
 17. Joseph F. Minter was born in Matthews County, Ya. 
 He removed, in 1838, when quite a youth, to Texas, and was 
 employed in a mercantile establishment in Galveston until the 
 beginning of the war with Mexico, when he volunteered in a com- 
 pany leaving that city to join General Taylor, and was mustered 
 into the service with the First Texas Rifles (commanded by 
 
480 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston), and served to Camargo, where the 
 regiment was discharged on the 24th of August, 1846. He then 
 joined Captain Ben. McCulloch's Spy Company, and served with the 
 advance of General Taylor's army during the movement against 
 Monterey, and was severely wounded at that place. He afterwards 
 served with the Texas troops on the northern frontier, and was 
 employed as a quartermaster's agent during the movement of the 
 Third Infantry to El Paso in 1849, when the United States troops 
 first occupied that section of country. He was employed, during 
 1850-52, as an assistant engineer, under Captain Joseph E. John- 
 ston, on exploring expeditions, surveying wagon roads, and locating 
 the sites for military posts in Texas, and during parts of the years 
 1853-54 was employed in the same capacity under First Lieutenant 
 George B. McClellan in surveying the rivers and harbors of Texas, 
 and accompanied that officer, by authority of the War Depart- 
 ment, as an assistant engineer on the Northern Pacific Railway 
 surveys in Oregon and Washington Territories. He was deputy 
 United States surveyor of public lands in California during parts 
 of the years 1854-55 under the surveyor-general of that State, and 
 was thus employed when he was appointed, from Washington 
 Territory, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, 
 to date from March 3, 1855. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Jefferson Barracks on the 6th of 
 October, and marched with it to Texas, and arrived at Camp 
 Cooper January 3, 1856, where he served as commissary and 
 cpiartermaster until September 30, 1856. He was regimental 
 quartermaster from October 1, 1856, to March 31, 1861, and 
 served as commissary and quartermaster at San Antonio, Forts 
 Mason and Belknap, and Camp Cooper until February 11, 1861, 
 being detached at Galveston during October and November, 1857, 
 purchasing horses for the regiment, and on a similar duty at Fort 
 Smith, Ark., during November and December, 1858. He also 
 served as acting regimental adjutant from the 23d of June to the 
 31st of August, 1859, and participated in the Cimarron expedition 
 during October and November. 1859. He was promoted a first 
 lieutenant January 31, 1861, and on the 11th of February availed 
 himself of a leave of absence ; but when the Southern States began 
 to secede he tendered his resignation, which was accepted, to date 
 from March 31,1861. He then entered the Confederate service, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 481 
 
 and was chief quartermaster (with the rank of colonel) of the 
 Trans-Mississippi Department until November, 18G3, when he 
 was sent to Europe as an agent for the Confederate government, 
 and intrusted with the transaction of important business con- 
 nected with his department. He remained abroad until the end 
 of the war, when he returned to San Antonio, Texas, wbere be bas 
 since been engaged in banking and mercantile pursuits. He is a 
 man of marked industry, integrity, and sound business judgment, 
 and enjoys the respect and good-will of those wbo know him. 
 
 18. Charles W. Phifer was born in Tennessee, and was ap- 
 pointed, from Mississippi, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855. He reported at 
 Louisville, Ky., in April, where he was employed on recruiting 
 service until the 5th of June, when he joined his company at 
 Jefferson Barracks. He marched with the regiment in October to 
 Texas, and arrived at Camp Cooper January 3, 1856, where he had 
 station until July, when he was transferred to Camp Colorado and 
 afterwards served at Forts Mason and Belknap and Camp Radzi- 
 minski. He participated in the expedition to the head-waters of 
 the Brazos and Colorado rivers during the summer of 1856, in the 
 Wichita expedition of 1858, in the Cimarron expedition of 1859, 
 and was distinguished for gallantry in the brilliant action at 
 Wichita Village, October 1, 1858, where he killed two warriors in 
 hand-to-hand conflicts. He was promoted a first lieutenant Feb- 
 ruary 22, 1861, and when the Southern States began to secede 
 tendered his resignation, which was accepted, to date from April 
 1, 1861. He then entered the Confederate service as a major of 
 cavalry and served chiefly in the Trans-Mississippi Department, 
 where he attained the grade of colonel and commanded a brigade. 
 After the war he returned to Texas and finally located at Brown- 
 wood, where he was employed as a school-teacher in 1876. 
 
 20. A. Parker Porter was born in Pennsylvania in 1835. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1856, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 Si 
 
482 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 tenant. There was quite a rivalry in the class of 1856 to secure 
 assignments to the regiment, and Porter, having a high class 
 standing, won on that merit. He joined his company at Camp 
 Colorado, Texas, on the 13th of December, and three days later 
 participated in an expedition against Saneco's band of Comanches, 
 and distinguished himself in a stubborn fight with a part of the 
 band on the 22d near the head-waters of the main Concho. He 
 served at Camp Colorado until July, 1858, when he was transferred 
 to Fort Belknap and thence to Fort Chadbourne, where he arrived 
 in August and served until September. He then participated in 
 the Wichita expedition, and was engaged in the brilliant action 
 at Wichita Village, October 1, 1858, and was commended in the 
 official reports and orders for conspicuous gallantry. He then had 
 station at Camp Radziminski until June, 1859, when he was trans- 
 ferred to Camp Cooper, and soon thereafter availed himself of ;i 
 leave of absence until April, 1860, when he was assigned to duty 
 with a detachment of recruits, and rejoined his company at Fort 
 Mason in June, 1860, where he served, with occasional tours of 
 field-service, until March 29, 1861, when, the State having been 
 surrendered to the insurgents, he marched to Indianola and em- 
 barked with the second detachment of the regiment on the steam- 
 ship Empire City just in time to escape capture, and arrived at 
 Carlisle Barracks on the 27th of April, 1861. He was promoted a 
 first lieutenant March 20, 1861, and served as regimental quarter- 
 master from the 1st of April to the 3d of August, 1861. He was 
 employed in purchasing horses for the regiment until June, when 
 ho participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign as 
 acting assistant adjutant-general for Colonel George H. Thomas, 
 commanding a brigade, and was engaged in the action at Falling 
 Waters and in the skirmishes near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. 
 He was appointed a commissary of subsistence, with the rank 
 of captain, to date from August 3, 1861, and resigned his regimental 
 commission, to date from January 15, 1862. He served as an 
 assistant commissary of the Army of the Potomac in the defenses 
 of Washington from August, 1861, to March, 1862, and afterwards, 
 in the same position, in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and 
 Maryland campaigns of 1862. He was appointed a commissary of 
 •subsistence of volunteers, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, to 
 date from August 20, 1862, and served in that grade until July 3, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 483 
 
 1865, and was employed in the Rappahannock campaign, Decem- 
 ber, 1862-June, 1863 ; at Alexandria, Ya., July-October, 1863 : as 
 chief commissary, Department of the Cumberland, from Novem- 
 ber, 1863, to February, 1805 ; as chief commissary, Department of 
 Arkansas, State of Arkansas and the Indian Territory, from De- 
 cember, 1865, to August 15, 1866, when he died of disease at Little 
 Rock, Ark. He was made a brevet major, to date from March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the 
 Rebellion. 
 
 22. Fitzhugh Lee was born at Clermont, Fairfax County, Va. 
 His father (the third son of General Harry Lee and a brother of 
 General Robert E. Lee) was a captain in the United States navy. 
 His mother was a daughter of General John Mason and a sister to 
 James M. Mason, formerly a United States Senator from Virginia, 
 and who represented the Confederate government in England 
 during the rebellion against the United States. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1856, and 
 assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant. He was promoted a second lieutenant January 1, 1858, 
 and a first lieutenant March 31, 1861. In the class of 1856 
 there was much rivalry to secure assignments to the regiment. 
 Fitzhugh Lee, unlike his distinguished uncle, who never received a 
 demerit, managed to score nearly the maximum number ; but he 
 was graduated at the head of his class in horsemanship, which 
 secured a favorable action upon his application. He served at 
 Carlisle until January, 1858, when he proceeded to Texas and 
 joined his company on the 18th of February. He had stations 
 at Forts Inge and Mason and Camps Radziminski, Cooper, and 
 Colorado, and was actively employed against hostile Indians, and 
 was engaged (adjutant of the expedition) in the brilliant action 
 at Small Creek, near the Nescutunga, May 13, 1859, where he 
 volunteered to lead a charging party against the Indians, who had 
 posted themselves in a dense thicket for a desperate struggle ; and, 
 after killing several warriors in hand-to-hand encounters, he fell 
 towards the end of the action, pierced through the right lung 
 with an arrow. He was transported over two hundred miles, 
 on a horse litter, to Camp Radziminski, suffering intensely from 
 
484 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 internal hemorrhage, and for weeks the surgeons feared that he 
 would not recover. He was highly commended in the official 
 report, in orders from the headquarters of the Department of 
 Texas, and by General Scott for conspicuous gallantry upon that 
 occasion. He was also highly commended in orders from the 
 headquarters of the army for conspicuous good conduct in an 
 affair (commanding) with hostile Comanches near Pecan Bayou, 
 January 15, 1860, where he defeated the enemy, captured their 
 horses, and killed a warrior in a hand-to-hand encounter. His last 
 tour of field-service in Texas was during July and August, 1860, 
 when he commanded a company in Major Thomas' expedition to 
 the head-waters of the Concho and Colorado rivers. Upon the 
 completion of this duty he returned to his station at Camp 
 Colorado, and soon thereafter availed himself of a leave of absence 
 until the 29th of December, when he was appointed an assistant 
 instructor of cavalry tactics at the Military Academy and served in 
 that position until the 3d of May, 1861. 
 
 Soon after the ordinance of secession was adopted by the 
 Virginia Convention he tendered his resignation, which was 
 accepted, to date from May 21, 1861, and at once entered the 
 Confederate army and served as assistant adjutant-general for 
 General Ewell at the battle of Bull Eun. He was appointed, in 
 September, 1861, lieutenant-colonel of the First Virginia Cavalry, 
 and in April, 1862, was promoted to the colonelcy of that regiment, 
 which he held until July, 1862, when he was ap])ointed a brigadier- 
 general, and, in recognition of distinguished services during the 
 Pennsylvania campaign, he was promoted, in November, 1863, a 
 major-general. He was conspicuous in the operations of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia and was engaged in the principal 
 movements and battles of that army, among which may be named 
 the retreat from Yorktown, where he gave the first information of 
 General Franklin's movement up the York Biver which frustrated 
 the proposed flank attack on General Johnston's army ; the battle 
 of Williamsburg and resisting the National advance towards Rich- 
 mond ; the battle of Hanover Court-House ; in General Stuart's 
 celebrated raid (as colonel First Virginia Cavalry) around the 
 National army in June, 1862, including the brilliant dash at Old 
 Church, where he bad an action with a part of the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry ; the battles of Gaines's Mill, Malvern Hill, second 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 485 
 
 Bull Run, South Mountain, and Antietam, where he was specially 
 selected, with his command, to relieve the infantry pickets and 
 hold the Confederate lines until the army could recross the 
 Potomac, which was a difficult, dangerous, and delicate duty, as 
 the river was three miles to his rear and the pickets to he relieved 
 along the extended front were within sight of the National army; 
 the battle of Fredericksburg ; the actions at Culpepper Court- 
 House and Kelly's Ford ; the battle of Chancellorsville— where he 
 was selected to precede and mask General Jackson's famous flank 
 movement, and where his personal reconnaissance caused General 
 Jackson to attack by the old turnpike instead of the plank-road, on 
 which he had intended to move, and which would have led him 
 in front of General Howard's lines, while the turnpike led him 
 behind them ; after making the reconnaissance he sought General 
 Jackson with the utmost dispatch and conducted him to the top 
 of a hill from which a view of the rear of General Howard's right 
 flank was obtained, when General Jackson instantly recognized the 
 great value of the information thus acquired and acted accordingly ; 
 the battle of Beverly Ford, the action at Hanover, the battle of 
 Gettysburg, the subsequent operations of the Pennsylvania cam- 
 paign and the retreat into Virginia, being assigned at Wil- 
 liamsport to duty similar to that discharged at Antietam ; the 
 battles of Brandy Station and Todd's Tavern, and it was due to 
 the obstinate fighting of his command that the march of the 
 National army on Spottsylvania Court-House was delayed until 
 the Confederate army had arrived at that strategic point ; the 
 actions at Beaver Dam, Hanover Court-House, and Ashland ; the 
 battles of Yellow Tavern and Ream's Station; the action at 
 Meadow Bridge ; the battle of Cold Harbor, where he was again 
 conspicuous in securing for the Confederate army the position 
 which was sought by both combatants ; and the battles of 
 Trevillian Station and Deep Bottom. 
 
 He then participated in the campaign in the Shenandoah 
 Valley during the summer and fall of 1864, and was desperately 
 wounded at the battle of Winchester, where, after three horses 
 had been shot under him, he fell, pierced through the thigh with a 
 minie-ball, and was disabled for field-service until the spring of 
 1865, when he was summoned to Richmond and assigned to the 
 commaud of the cavalry corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, 
 
4S6 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and became conspicuous for his energy, sound judgment, and 
 gallantry in front of Petersburg and at the battles of Five Forks 
 and Dinwiddie Court-House, and during the retreat (commanding 
 a rear-guard) which terminated in the surrender of the Army 
 of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court-House on the 9th of 
 April, 1865. He was one of the three corps commanders who, 
 with General Lee, composed the council of war just before the 
 surrender, and during- those eventful days he won the commen- 
 dation of the highest authority in the Confederate government, 
 who said that he was a worthy successor to General J. E. B. 
 Stuart, and that when he rode with Stuart he was the equal 
 of his commander. He was uniformly successful during his career 
 in the Confederate army, winning many victories and sustaining 
 only a few repulses when he was in command. He displayed 
 none of the animosities of the war, but fought as the champion 
 of a cause rather than as a personal enemy. This distinctive trait 
 in his character was generously displayed at the second battle of 
 Bull Run, where, having captured a squadron of regular cavalry, 
 he discovered some old friends among the officers, and, taking their 
 word that they would not escape, entertained them as guests at his 
 headquarters for several days, and finally had them paroled and 
 returned to the National army. 
 
 That a high class standing does not always indicate the future 
 successful soldier has often been proved. The case of Fitzhugh 
 Lee is almost the same as that of Custer. Lee's class graduated 
 forty-nine men, of which number forty-four were above him. He 
 is brave to a fault, having a quick but placable temper, while his 
 social qualities make him a popular man and a choice companion. 
 He is an excellent soldier and was one of the best major-generals 
 in the Confederate army. He unhesitatingly accepted the results 
 of the war and returned to his home in Stafford Co., Va., where 
 he is engaged in agricultural pursuits, and has a lively interest, 
 as a citizen, in the public affairs of the State. He was president 
 of a convention held at New Orleans, La., in December, 1878, for 
 the promotion of American commerce, and has been often named 
 during the past few years in connection with a possible nomination 
 for the goverornship of Virginia. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 487 
 
 23. Manning M. Kimmel (a son of Governor Singleton M. 
 Kimmel, of Missouri) was born in Missouri. He was gradu- 
 ated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July. 1857, and as- 
 signed to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second lieu- 
 tenant, and served at Carlisle until April 24, 1858, when he was 
 transferred in the same grade to the First (present Fourth) 
 Cavalry and conducted a detachment of recruits to Camp Floyd, 
 Utah, marching across the plains with the column under the 
 command of Lieutenant-Colonel Pitcairn Morrison, Seventh In- 
 fantry. He served at Camp Floyd with the Second Dragoons 
 until November, when, having been appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from August 18, 1858, 
 he proceeded, by stage, to Fort Leavenworth, and thence, after 
 many vexatious delays, to Texas, and joined his company at Camp 
 Radziminski on the 10th of February, 1859. He had stations at 
 Camp Radziminski, the Brazos Agency, Camps Cooper and Colo- 
 rado, Fort Inge, and at various places on the Rio Grande, and was 
 a company commander during the entire period of his service with 
 the regiment. He was engaged in the brilliant action at Small 
 Creek, near the Nescutunga, May 13, 1859, and was highly com- 
 mended in reports and orders for conspicuous gallantry and energy. 
 He was employed, in August, 1859, escorting Indians from the 
 Brazos Agency to Fort Cobb, and served with the Cimarron expe- 
 dition during October and November, 1859. He was transferred, 
 in February, 1860, to the Rio Grande to operate against the 
 Mexican marauders under Cortinas, and was engaged in the action 
 at La Mesa, Mex., March 16, 1860. He continued to serve on 
 the Rio Grande until the State was surrendered to the insurgents, 
 when he moved from Brazos Santiago on the 20th of March, 
 1861, and, embarking on the steamboat Mustang, arrived at the 
 mouth of the river on the evening of the same day, and sailed 
 thence on the steamship Arizona to Indianola. He then marched 
 to Green Lake, where he joined the first detachment of the regi- 
 ment, and a few days later returned to Indianola and embarked 
 on the steamship Coatzacoalcos and sailed for New York, whence 
 he proceeded to Carlisle, where he arrived on the 13th of 
 April, 1861, and was promoted a first lieutenant, to date from 
 April 1, 1861. When his company was remounted he marched 
 to Washington and served in the defenses of the city, and partici- 
 
488 MILITAKY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 pated in the Manassas campaign and was engaged in the battle of 
 Bull Run, where he won the commendation of his brigade com- 
 mander for gallant conduct. He then returned to the defenses of 
 Washington and tendered his resignation, which was accepted, 
 to date from August 14, 1861. 
 
 He then entered the Confederate army as a major of cavalry, 
 and served as a staff officer with General Ben. McCulloch at 
 the battle of Elkhorn, Ark. He then joined General Van Dorn 
 in the Trans-Mississippi Department, where he served as chief of 
 staff until the general was killed in Maury County, Tenn., on the 
 8th of May, 1863, and participated in the battle of Pea Ridge ; 
 the defense of Vicksburg, June-July, 1862 ; the battle of Corinth, 
 December 6, 1862; the combat at Holly Springs, the battle of 
 Franklin, Tenn., and other actions of less importance. He was 
 then appointed, by the Confederate authorities, adjutant-general 
 of Missouri, and held the position for several months. He served 
 for a short time on the staff of General Edmund K. Smith, and 
 thereafter with General Sterling Price during his last raid in Mis- 
 souri, and was engaged in the battles which were fought during 
 that movement. He then joined General John B. Magruder and 
 served as adjutant-general until the end of the war, when he 
 emigrated to the city of Mexico, where he remained about one year, 
 when he returned to Missouri and proceeded thence to Henderson, 
 Ky., where he has been employed for years as superintendent of the 
 St. Bernard Coal Company at the St. Charles mines in Kentucky. 
 
 25. John J. Sweet was born in Illinois in 1838. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1860, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant. He served at Carlisle, Pa., until November, and, 
 while en route to join the regiment in Texas, was taken sick at 
 Fort Leavenworth, where he remained until May, 1861. He 
 then proceeded to- Washington, where he served until August, 
 when he joined the regiment at Darnestown, Md. He was 
 promoted a second lieutenant January 31, 1861, and a first lieu- 
 tenant April 16, 1861, and was a company commander from 
 September 1, 1861, to June 27, 1862. He participated in the 
 Manassas campaign and was engaged in the battle of Bull Run, 
 
MILITAEY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 489 
 
 where lie won the commendation of his brigade commander for 
 daring intrepidity. He served in the defenses of Washington 
 during the winter of 1861-G2, and participated in the Manassas 
 and Virginia Peninsular campaigns, and was engaged in the skir- 
 mish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williams- 
 burg and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the 
 advance towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court House, 
 the reconnaissance towards Ashland, and the battle of Gaines's 
 Mill, where he was killed (June 27, 18G2) while gallantly leading 
 his company in a charge against the enemy. He was attentive to 
 duty, brave in action, and gave promise of a brilliant career when 
 he met a soldier's death at the early age of twenty-four years. 
 Camp Sweet, near Raleigh, K C, which was occupied by a squad- 
 ron of the regiment during 18G6-68, was named in his honor. 
 
 26. William 0. Williams was born in the District of Colum- 
 bia, July 7, 1839. He was a son of Captain William G. Williams, 
 of the Topographical Engineers, who was mortally wounded at the 
 battle of Monterey, Mexico ; a brother of Major Lawrence A. Wil- 
 liams, of the Sixth Cavalry, and a lineal descendant of the wife of 
 General Washington. 
 
 He was educated at Alexandria, Va., and manifested a strong 
 desire to go to the Military Academy, which could not be gratified, as 
 an elder brother (Lawrence A.) was already a cadet at that institu- 
 tion. He was in the service of the Coast Survey at the beginning of 
 the war of the Rebellion, and, having offered his services to the gov- 
 ernment, was appointed, from the District of Columbia, a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 
 23, 1861, and was promoted a first lieutenant April 25, 1861. He 
 joined his company on the 16th of April and served in the defenses 
 of Washington until the 22d of May, when, having been warned to 
 discontinue visits of a social nature to Arlington, Va., for fear 
 that he might unintentionally convey valuable information to the 
 enemy, and having been detected in clandestinely continuing 
 them after he had promised not to go there, he was placed in 
 arrest and sent to Governor's Island, N. Y., where he was held 
 until any information which he might have acquired concerning 
 the intentions of the government would have been useless to the 
 
490 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 enemy. He was then released and ordered to rejoin his command 
 at Washington, but immediately tendered his resignation, which 
 was accepted June 10, 1861. 
 
 He then entered the Confederate army as a colonel of artillery, 
 and was assigned to duty witli General Polk in Western Kentucky. 
 His impulsive temperament involved him in a difficulty which 
 resulted in the death of a soldier and made him very unpopular ; 
 and, although he displayed great courage at the battle of Shiloh 
 some months afterwards, it was deemed best to transfer him to the 
 staff of General Bragg, then commanding the Confederate army 
 in Tennessee. 
 
 Generals Rosecrans and Bragg were operating against each 
 other in Tennessee in June, 1863. The right of the National 
 army rested on Franklin, which was commanded by Fort Granger. 
 The headquarters were at Murfreesboro and a division was at 
 Triune. The army was disposed in the form of a triangle, of 
 which Nashville, the base of supplies, was the apex, while Franklin 
 and Murfreesboro occupied the other angles. Colonel Louis D. 
 Watkins (captain Fifth Cavalry), Sixth Kentucky Cavalry, was 
 encamped with his regiment about four hundred yards from Fort 
 Granger on the right bank of the Harpeth Eiver. A Confederate 
 force under General Van Dorn was encamped at Spring Hill and 
 Columbia, directly south of Franklin, and General John Morgan 
 was organizing an army at Lebanon. 
 
 It was the purpose of the enemy to attack General Rosecrans 
 at Murfreesboro and destroy his communication with Nashville, 
 and then capture, in detail, the National army. The first and 
 most important part of this plan was the capture of Fort Granger ; 
 and the place was accordingly invested, and heavy skirmishing had 
 been going on for several days, when Colonel Williams (who had 
 changed his name when he joined the Confederate army, signing 
 himself as L. Orton Williams, and occasionally as William L. 
 Orton) conceived the plan of entering *the fort as an inspecting 
 officer of the United States army, and thus obtain information which 
 would enable the Confederates to capture the works. He induced 
 a cousin, serving as a lieutenant on the staff- of General Wheeler, 
 to join him in the hazardous undertaking. 
 
 They presented themselves at the entrance to the fortification 
 on the afternoon of the 8th of June, 1S63, wearing the National 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 491 
 
 uniform and having on their persons forged papers which repre- 
 sented Colonel Williams to be Colonel Lawrence W. Anton, a 
 special inspector-general of the United States army, and detailed 
 by the War Department to minutely inspect the departments of 
 the Ohio and of the Cumberland. His cousin was represented to 
 be Major George Dunlop, assistant quartermaster, United Slates 
 army, and his assistant. Their passes purported to be signed by 
 General James A. Garfield, chief of staff for General Rosecrans, 
 and directed all commanding officers to pass them without delay 
 and aid them in the execution of their duties to the best of their 
 ability. They were promptly admitted and proceeded to make a 
 thorough inspection of the works. Colonel Williams, with the 
 utmost sang-froid, stated, during the progress of the inspection, 
 that they were surprised by the enemy while taking dinner near 
 Eagleville and had barely escaped with their lives, and were 
 destitute of money and necessary articles of clothing, and requested 
 a loan of fifty dollars, which was promptly advanced by the com- 
 mandant. 
 
 They manifested no haste to take their departure upon the 
 completion of the inspection, but accepted refreshments, and, after 
 a pleasant conversation, mounted their horses and started on the 
 road towards Nashville. Just as they were leaving the fort 
 Colonel Watkins arrived on horseback, and as he passed Williams 
 a consciousness of recognition came over him, although he was, at 
 the moment, unable to place the man. He passed on, the usual 
 salutations being exchanged, and, meeting the commandant, in- 
 quired who they were, and was informed that they were inspecting 
 officers of the United States army. Colonel Watkins was famous 
 for a remarkably developed faculty of remembering and locating 
 faces, and as the answer was made he expressed surprise that 
 they had not inspected his command, and almost instantly the 
 light of a great peril flashed upon his mind as he exclaimed : " I 
 think I recognize one of the men as a former officer in my regular 
 regiment, who resigned in 1861 and entered the Confederate ser- 
 vice." After a moment's consultation he started, with an orderly, 
 in pursuit, and overtook them about half a mile from the fort, and, 
 without betraying any excitement, requested them to return, as 
 the commandant desired to consult them concerning an important 
 matter which he had unintentionally neglected to mention during 
 
492 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the inspection. The spies seemed for a moment to have some 
 misgivings, but being lulled into a feeling of security by the easy 
 and indifferent manner of Colonel Watkins, and eager to secure 
 the supposed valuable information, they turned their horses and 
 returned to certain capture. As they approached the encamp- 
 ment of the Sixth Kentucky Cavalry Colonel Watkins proposed to 
 dismount at his tent and he would send for the commandant. If 
 any suspicions had lingered in the minds of these men this sugges- 
 tion instantly dispelled them, and they rode, in the best of humor, 
 into the encampment, dismounted, and entered the tent, where 
 a guard, without their knowledge, instantly surrounded them. 
 After some time Williams raised the door of the tent, and, looking 
 out, discovered the situation, and demanded to know the meaning of 
 the arrest, and was informed that they were suspected and would 
 be required to prove their representations. They acted their parts 
 with great skill, protested against the outrage, and threatened to 
 have Colonel Watkins dismissed from the service for his conduct. 
 Meanwhile the commandant had telegraphed to Murfreesboro for 
 information, and was informed that no such officers were known 
 in the Army of the Cumberland. He then proceeded to Colonel 
 Watkins's tent, where a search of their persons clearly revealed 
 their true characters. The commandant said, " This is a very 
 bold game you have been playing," and Colonel Williams coolly 
 answered, " Yes, and it came near being a perfect success." And 
 from that moment their guilt was not denied. A report covering 
 the facts was then telegraphed to Murfreesboro, and an order was 
 returned to convene a drum-head court-martial for the trial of the 
 prisoners, and, if they were found guilty, to execute them without 
 delay. The court-martial was at once convened, and in the silent 
 hours of the night the prisoners, convicted upon their own con- 
 fessions, were sentenced to be hanged. 
 
 Williams appealed for clemency as a son of Captain Williams 
 who fell at Monterey. He asked that his cousin might be spared, 
 as he was not responsible for the conception of the crime, and, when 
 informed that they must die, requested as a last favor that they 
 might be shot. He gave his horse to Colonel Watkins as a me- 
 mento of their former pleasant army associations, and about half- 
 past nine o'clock a.m. of the 9th of June, 1863, they were led to 
 the place of execution and hanged by the neck until they were 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 493 
 
 dead. The bodies were placed side by side in the same grave in 
 the Franklin cemetery. At half-past ten o'clock a.m., June 9, 
 1863, the commandant of Fort Granger sent the following dispatch 
 to the chief of staff of the Army of the Cumberland : " The men 
 have been tried, found guilty, and executed in compliance with 
 your order." 
 
 27. Chakles H. Tompkins was born in Virginia. He was a 
 cadet at the Military Academy from 1847 to 1849, when he resigned 
 and engaged in business pursuits until January 21, 1856. He then 
 enlisted in the First Dragoons (present First Cavalry), and served 
 as a private, corporal, and sergeant until January 10, 1861, and 
 was engaged in a combat with hostile Indians at Pyramid Lake, 
 Nev., July 2, 1860. He was appointed, from New York, a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 
 23, 1861, and was promoted a first lieutenant April 30, 1861. He 
 joined at Carlisle on the 30th of March, and was transferred to 
 Washington, where he served as assistant instructor in a cavalry 
 school which was established for the instruction of officers who 
 had been appointed directly from private life, until the 3d of May, 
 when he crossed the Potomac and established a cavalry camp at 
 Ball's Cross-Roads. While serving at that place he was instructed 
 by General Hunter to make a reconnaissance in the direction of 
 Fairfax Court-House, the general adding the remark, " If you can 
 manage to get into the place it will be a feather in your cap." He 
 started at eleven o'clock p.m. of the 31st of May, with Lieutenant 
 (now Major) David S. Gordon and fifty men of his company, and 
 marched, by the way of Fall's Church and Winchester woods, to 
 the Court-House. He captured, en route, two picket stations and 
 charged three times through the town— twice towards the German- 
 town Pioad and once returning to the place of entry. He had 
 several men wounded and missing. Two horses were shot under 
 him, and he was severely injured by the second horse falling on 
 him. His brilliant charges resulted in a complete victory over 
 the enemy, who suffered an estimated loss of twenty-five killed and 
 wounded, including the captain of the Warrenton Rifles. This 
 cavalry success, the first of the war, made Lieutenant Tompkins 
 deservedly conspicuous in the National army. 
 
494 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He participated in the Manassas campaign and was engaged in 
 the battle of Bull Run, where he won the commendation of his 
 brigade commander for conspicuous gallantry. He was an acting 
 assistant adjutant-general for Brigadier-General Stoneman, and also 
 served for a time as an inspector of cavalry. He was appointed 
 regimental quartermaster, to date from August 3, 1861, and served 
 with the regiment in the defenses of Washington until he was ap- 
 pointed an assistant quartermaster, Avith the rank of captain, to 
 date from November 13, 1861. He vacated his regimental com- 
 mission, to date from July 17, 1862. He served as colonel of the 
 First Vermont Cavalry from the 24th of April to the 9th of Sep- 
 tember, 1862 ; as lieutenant-colonel and quartermaster of volunteers 
 (act of Congress, July 17, 1862) from July 1, 1865, to June 11, 
 1866 ; as colonel and quartermaster of volunteers (act of Congress, 
 July 4, 1864) from June 13, 1866, to January 1, 1867. He was 
 appointed a deputy quartermaster-general, with the rank of lieu- 
 tenant-colonel, to date from July 29, 1866; and was promoted an 
 assistant quartermaster-general, with the rank of colonel, January 
 24, 1881. He participated in the battles and engagements of 
 Generals Banks' and Pope's campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley, 
 and in the second Bull Run, and returned to staff duty after the 
 Antietam campaign. He was recommended for the appointment 
 of brigadier-general of volunteers for conspicuous services at the 
 battle of Cedar Creek. He was made (to date from March 13, 
 ' 1865) a brevet major for gallant conduct at Fairfax Court-House ; 
 a brevet lieutenant-colonel for meritorious services in the campaigns 
 of Generals Banks and McDowell in 1862-63 ; a brevet colonel for 
 meritorious services in the quartermaster's department, 1863-65 ; 
 and a brevet brigadier- general for faithful and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion. He has served since the war as 
 depot quartermaster at Washington ; as chief quartermaster of the 
 Fifth Military District, and of the Departments of Alaska, Arizona, 
 and Texas, the Division of the South, and the Department of 
 Dakota ; and was assigned, in February, 1881, to duty at Chicago, 
 111., as chief quartermaster of the Military Division of the Missouri. 
 
 29. Sullivan W. Burbank was born in New York about 1837, 
 and was engaged in civil pursuits at the beginning of the war of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 495 
 
 the Rebellion, lie was appointed, from Kentucky, a second lieu- 
 tenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 27, 
 1861. He was promoted a first lieutenant May 14, 1861, and, 
 without joining the regiment, was transferred, on the 22d of June, 
 1861, with his original rank, to the Fourteenth Infantry. He 
 reported at Fort Trumbull, Conn., and was employed on regimental 
 recruiting service until January, 1862, when he joined his company 
 (A. Second Battalion). He was promoted, in November, 1 802, a cap- 
 tain, to date from March 3, 1862, and assigned to duty at Annapolis, 
 Md. The records of his regiment do not furnish any information 
 concerning his field-service except the statement that lie died on 
 the 9th of June, 1864, of wounds received on the 5th of May, 1864, 
 at the battle of the Wilderness, Va. 
 
 40. Richakd Byenes was born in Ireland and emigrated at an 
 early age to the United States. He was serving as sergeant-major 
 of the First (present Fourth) Cavalry when he was appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the Seventeenth Infantry, to date from May 
 14, 1861. He was transferred, at his own request, on the 21st of 
 September, 1861, with his original rank, to the Fifth Cavalry, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant July 17, 1862. He was attached 
 to the Fourth Cavalry until October, 1861, when he joined his 
 company at Washington and served in the defenses of the city 
 during the winter of 1861-62 ; participated in the Manassas, Vir- 
 ginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged, in 
 the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost 
 daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Rich- 
 mond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance 
 towards Ashland, the action at Old Church, the reconnaissance 
 towards the White House, the skirmish in the White Oak Swamp ; 
 with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of lit 
 Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of 
 South Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherdstowi), 
 the engagement near Ilalltown, and the reconnaissance from An- 
 tietam, Md., to Martinsburg, Va. He was granted, October 16, 
 1862, an indefinite leave of absence, having been appointed colonel 
 of the Twenty-eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, to date from 
 
496 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 September 29, 1862, and served with the Army of the Potomac 
 until the 3d of June, 1864, when he was mortally wounded at Cold 
 Harbor while commanding the Irish Brigade. He was taken to 
 Washington, D. C, where he died on the 12th of June, 1864. He 
 was a man of marked integrity and conspicuous courage. 
 
 42. Harrison Fosdick was born in New York, and was 
 appointed, from the general service, a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from October 26, 1861. He joined his 
 company in December, and served in the defenses of Washington 
 during the winter of 1861-62. When the army entered upon the 
 Manassas and Virginia Peninsular campaigns he remained at Wash- 
 ington in charge of the regimental property until June, when he 
 rejoined and served with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard 
 of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Penin- 
 sula. He afterwards participated in the Maryland campaign, and 
 was engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the 
 skirmish near Shepherdstown, and the engagement near Halltown. 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant July 17, 1862, and resigned his 
 commission on the 10th of October, 1862. 
 
 43. Frank W. Dickerson (son of Judge Dickerson, of the 
 Supreme Court of Maine) was born .in Maine in 1841. He was 
 one of the most promising of the young men who came forward at 
 the beginning of the war of the Eebellion and renounced the 
 security and enjoyment of home for the perils of the battle-field. 
 He preferred a position in the navy, and for several months had 
 reason to believe that his wishes would be gratified ; but the door 
 of hope in this field of duty was finally closed against him, and he 
 was appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from February 19, 1862, and was promoted a first lieutenant July 
 17, 1862. He joined his company, on the loth of April, at War- 
 wick: Court-House, Va., and participated in the Virginia Peninsular 
 and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of York- 
 town, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes 
 with the enemy during the advance towards Eichmond, the battle 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 497 
 
 of Eanover Court-House — where his coolness under fire, skill in 
 handling his company, and impetuosity in the attack at once 
 established his character as a soldier — and in the reconnaissance 
 towards Ashland. During the progress of the reconnaissance 
 towards the White House, General Stoneman, finding himself 
 cut off from the main army, decided to communicate with 
 General Porter. The accomplishment of this dangerous mission 
 was intrusted to Lieutenant Dickerson. He promptly accepted 
 the detail, and, taking two orderlies, arrived at General Porter's 
 headquarters as he was about to begin the retreat to Harrison's 
 Landing, and was informed that the National army had been 
 defeated. He immediately dispatched the orderlies in different 
 directions and started for General Stoneman's headquarters, and 
 was first to arrive with the important information, whereupon the 
 column was instantly put in motion and arrived at York Eiver in 
 time to be protected by the gunboats. Scarcely had Lieutenant 
 Dickerson communicated this important information when the 
 enemy advanced and occupied the country which he had just 
 crossed. It was to Lieutenant Dickerson's vigilance and prompt- 
 ness in a great degree that General Stoneman attributed his ability 
 to rescue his command from the victorious enemy. 
 
 He rejoined at Harrison's Landing and served with the regi- 
 ment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac 
 during the evacuation of the Peninsula. He then moved with the 
 regiment into Maryland, through the city of Washington, and 
 rejoined the Army of the Potomac on the evening of the 13th of 
 September, and was engaged in the battles of South Mountain and 
 Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, and the engagement 
 near, and reconnaissance to, Halltown. He was with the advance 
 under General Averill along the base of the Blue Kidge until the 
 enemy were forced to retreat through Ashby's Gap, and was 
 engaged in the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action 
 at Markham's Station (where he had a horse shot under him while- 
 leading a charge), the affair at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the skirmish 
 at Little Washington (where he made three sabre charges with a 
 squadron against Hampton's brigade of cavalry), and the action at 
 Amissville. He then participated in the battle of Fredericksburg 
 and in the reconnaissance near Falmouth, and served in winter 
 camp near that place, 1862-63, and participated (15th-18th Fob- 
 32 
 
498 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ruary) in Colonel Mcintosh's raid on the Orange and Alexandria 
 Railway, and was selected, with thirty picked men, to destroy the 
 bridge at the Eappahannock Station, which was accomplished 
 under the fire of the enemy. He also participated in General 
 Stoneman's raid, April-May, 18G3, towards Eichmond, and was 
 engaged in the action at Fleming's Cross-Roads. He was conspicu- 
 ous for dash and impetuosity at the battle of Beverly Ford, where 
 the squadron which he commanded received the first shock of 
 the contest, and where, while gallantly leading a charge, he was 
 wounded on the head by a minie-ball. He was carried from the 
 held, and did not rejoin the regiment until the 9th of August, 
 when he was sent to Point Lookout, Md., and served at that place 
 aud at Leonardtown in command of a detachment of cavalry until 
 July, 1864, and was engaged (13th-15th of January, 1864) in Mar- 
 ston's raid through the counties of Northumberland, Richmond, 
 and Lancaster, Va. His duties at Point Lookout and Leonard- 
 town were of a difficult and delicate nature — to arrest deserters, 
 capture blockade-runners, protect the friends of the government, 
 and destroy the contraband trade between Southern Maryland and 
 Virginia. While in command at Leonardtown he captured two 
 men who had left Richmond with twelve thousand dollars to pur- 
 chase medicines for the Confederate government. They offered 
 all the money for their liberty, hut he sent the men and money to 
 Fortress Monroe. 
 
 While serving at Leonardtown Lieutenant Dickerson contracted 
 a stubborn cough which, in conjunction with the disease contracted 
 in the Peninsular campaign of 1862, finally ended his brief but event- 
 ful and brilliant career. He was compelled, in July, 1864, to avail 
 himself of a sick-leave of absence, and in September, his health 
 having gradually improved, he joined, against the advice of his 
 physicians, the detachment of the regiment which was serving on 
 escort duty with General Grant. Within a few weeks he was com- 
 pelled to seek medical assistance in Baltimore, whence he entered 
 the hospital at Annapolis, where he remained until January, 1865, 
 when he again applied for service and was appointed a muster- 
 ing and disbursing officer for the State of Wisconsin, and served 
 in that position, at Madison, until the 1st of November, when he 
 was relieved and ordered to Nashville, Tenn., where he served 
 as a recruiting officer and as quartermaster of a battalion of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 499 
 
 regiment until January 16, I860. It was now evident that he 
 could not continue the struggle against the disease which was surely 
 destroying his life, and on the 6th of February he started for his 
 home at Belfast, Me., in charge of a devoted soldier of his com- 
 pany. But the progress of the disease was so rapid as to baffle 
 the skill of eminent physicians of New York and Boston, and he 
 died, of consumption, at the latter city on the 17th of February, 
 1866, in a last conscious effort, as he said when taking leave of the 
 officers at Nashville, "to return to his home and spend his last 
 hours with those he so dearly loved." He was made a brevet 
 captain and a brevet major, to date from March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 The following tribute to his memory from the pen of his pastor, 
 Dr. Palfrey, is a discriminating analysis of his character: "He 
 faithfully and conscientiously devoted himself to the duties of the 
 position he had assumed. Animated by a generous ambition to 
 distinguish himself in his profession and to rise in it by his merits 
 and services, he shrank from no efforts or perils in the way of 
 duty. The natural ardor of his temperament prompted him to 
 seek the most active and stirring scenes of military life, and he 
 showed himself to be possessed of the soldierly qualities of courage, 
 endurance, and persistent will. He won the respect and confidence 
 of his superiors, the esteem and love of his associates, and the 
 attachment of all who were under his command. With character- 
 istic energy and determination he lingered until almost the last 
 moment at the post of duty, lest he might seem to leave the 
 service for an insufficient reason, and finally retired almost by the 
 command of his superior officers." 
 
 48. Henky Jones was born in Ireland. He was a first sergeant 
 in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged on the 22d of 
 September, 1862, having been appointed a second lieutenant in 
 the regiment, to date from July 17, 1862. He served as an enlisted 
 man in Texas, and was engaged in the combat on the head-waters 
 of Devil's River, July 20, 1857, where he Avon an honorable men- 
 tion ; in the brilliant action at Small Creek, near the Nescutunga, 
 May 13, 1859, and in the capture of La Mesa, March 16, 1860. 
 When Texas was surrendered to the insurgents he accompanied 
 
500 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the first detachment of the regiment, by the way of Indianola and 
 New York, to Carlisle, where he arrived on the 13th of April, 1861. 
 He participated, as a non-commissioned officer, in the Manassas 
 campaign, and was engaged in the skirmish near Blackburn's Ford 
 and in the battle of Bull Eun ; served in the defenses of Washing- 
 ton during the winter of 1861-62, and participated in the Manassas, 
 Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged 
 in the skirmish at Cedar Eun, the siege of Yorktown, the battle 
 of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy 
 during the advance towards Eichmond, including the skirmish at 
 New Bridge, near Cold Harbor, Va., the battle of Hanover Court- 
 House ; the reconnaissances towards Ashland and the White 
 House, the skirmishes near Sycamore Church and White Oak 
 Swamp, the reconnaissances to Malvern Hill and Burnt Bridge ; 
 with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the 
 Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of 
 South Mountain and Antietam, the pursuit of the enemy to War- 
 renton, and the skirmish near Shepherdstown, 
 
 He joined his company in September, 1862, and participated 
 during the closing months of the year in the engagement near, and 
 reconnaissance to, Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and Upper- 
 ville, the action at Markham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's 
 Cross-Eoads, the action at Amissville, the battle of Fredericksburg, 
 and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. He served in winter camp 
 near Falmouth, 1862-63, where he received his promotion to be a 
 first lieutenant, to date from October 10, 1862. He was engaged 
 in the action at Kelly's Ford, on the Eappahannock, and partici- 
 pated in General Stoneman's raid towards Eichmond, April-May, 
 1863, and was engaged in the action at Fleming's Cross-Eoads, and 
 later in the battle of Beverly Ford (distinguished for gallantry), 
 the skirmish at Aldie, and the actions at Middletown and Snicker's 
 Gap. He then participated in the Pennsylvania and Central 
 Virginia campaigns, and was engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, 
 the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Waters, the engagement at Manassas Gap, the skirmish near 
 Front Eoyal, the action and battle of Brandy Station, the action 
 at Morton's Ford, and the combat at Bristoe Station. He was 
 captured, October 29, 1863, while on picket duty at Elk Eun, Va., 
 and his name was dropped from the rolls of the army, to date from 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICBES. 501 
 
 November 19, 18G3. He was engaged in agricultural pursuits near 
 Iron Mountain, Mo., in 186S. 
 
 49. Henry Baker was born in England. He was a sergeant 
 in the Fifth Cavalry when he was appointed sergeant-major of 
 the regiment, to date from August 1, 1SG2, and served in the 
 position until September 22, 1862, when he was appointed a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from July 17, 1862. He 
 served in Texas until the State was surrendered to the insurgents, 
 when he accompanied the second detachment of the regimeut, by 
 the way of Indianola and New York, to Carlisle, where he arrived 
 on the 27th of April, 1861. He participated, as a non-commis- 
 sioned officer, in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and 
 was engaged in the action at Falling Waters and in the skirmishes 
 near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill; served in the defenses of 
 Washington during the winter of 1861-62, and participated in the 
 Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and was 
 engaged in the skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the 
 battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the 
 enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Han- 
 over Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the battle 
 of Gaines's Mill — where he was color-sergeant, and carried the 
 standard with conspicuous gallantry in the famous charge which 
 the regiment made at that place — the skirmish at Savage Station, 
 the battle of Malvern Hill, and the skirmish in the White Oak 
 Swamp ; with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army 
 of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the bat- 
 tles of South Mountain and Antietam, and the skirmish near Shep- 
 herd stown. 
 
 He joined his company in September, 1862, and was engaged 
 during the closing months of the year in the engagement near 
 Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action 
 at Markham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the 
 action at Amissville, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the recon- 
 naissance near Falmouth. He served in winter camp near Fal- 
 mouth, 1862-63, and participated in General Stoneman's raid 
 towards Richmond, April-May, 1863, and was engaged in the 
 combat near Brandy Station and the action at Fleming's Cross- 
 
502 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Koads. He was promoted a first lieutenant, to date from April 13, 
 1863, and served as an aide-de-camp for General Pleasonton from 
 September, 1863, to June, 1864, and thereafter on special duty at 
 the headquarters of the First Cavalry Division until May, 1865, 
 and participated in the Pennsylvania and Central Virginia cam- 
 paigns of 1863, in the Richmond and Shenandoah Valley campaigns 
 of 1864, and in the closing Richmond campaign of 1865, and was 
 engaged in the principal battles of that period. He served at the 
 headquarters of the Department of West Virginia from May to 
 August, 1865, when he joined the detachment of the regiment 
 serving at Washington on escort duty with General Grant, and com- 
 manded a company until the 5th of November, when he availed 
 himself of a leave of absence for twenty days. Upon the expiration 
 of the leave he failed to report for duty, and was absent without 
 proper authority until the 12th of January, 1866, when his name was 
 dropped from the rolls of the army. He was made a brevet captain 
 and a brevet major, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 52. James T. Badeist was born in Maryland. He was serving 
 as a first sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged on 
 the 3d of October, 1862, having been appointed a second lieuten- 
 ant in the regiment, to date from July 17, 1862. He served in 
 Texas until the State was surrendered to the insurgents, when 
 he accompanied the second detachment of the regiment, by the 
 way of Indianola and New York, to Carlisle, where he arrived on 
 the 27th of April, 1861. He participated, as a non-commissioned 
 officer, in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and was 
 engaged in the action at Falling Waters and in the skirmishes at 
 Martinsburg and Bunker Hill, served in the defenses of Washing- 
 ton during the winter of 1861-62, participated in the Manassas, 
 Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged in 
 the skirmish at Cedar Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of 
 Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy 
 during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover 
 Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the action at 
 Old Church, the battle of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage 
 Station, the battle of Malvern Hill, with the regiment as a part of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 503 
 
 the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation 
 of the Peninsula, the buttles of South Mountain and Antietam, 
 the skirmish near Shepherdstown, and the engagement near Hall- 
 town. 
 
 He joined his company on the 26th of October, 1862, and 
 participated during the closing months of the year in the skir- 
 mish near Union, the actions near Piedmont and at Markham's 
 Station, the skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the action atAmiss- 
 ville, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near 
 Falmouth. He served in winter camp near Falmouth, 18G2-63, 
 and was chiefly employed on picket and provost-guard duty across 
 the Potomac ; was engaged in the battle of Beverly Ford (distin- 
 guished for gallantry) and commanded a company from September, 
 1863, to September, 18G4, and participated in the action at Mor- 
 ton's Ford, the combat at Bristoe Station, and the Mine Run 
 operations. He was promoted a first lieutenant November 2, 1863, 
 and served in winter camp at Mitchell's Station, Va., 1863-64, 
 and was engaged in the actions at Barnett's Ford, Charlottesville, 
 and Stanardsville, and the skirmish near Morton's Ford. He was 
 selected, with his company, as a part of Captain Mason's battalion 
 of the regiment on escort duty with General Grant, and served in 
 that position from March 24, 1864 (participating in all the general 
 engagements of the Army of the Potomac), to September 12, 1864, 
 when he resigned his commission. He has been employed for a 
 number of years in the office of the quartermaster-general of the 
 army. 
 
 54. Edward Murphy was born in New York about 1840. He 
 was serving as a sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was dis- 
 charged on the 23d of March, 1863, having been appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from February 19, 1863. 
 He participated, as a private and non-commissioned officer, in the 
 Manassas campaign and was engaged in the battle of Bull Bun, 
 served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and 
 Maryland campaigns, and Avas engaged in the skirmish at Cedar 
 Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in 
 almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance 
 
504 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-House, the 
 reconnaissances towards Ashland and the White House, the skir- 
 mish near Sycamore Church, with the regiment as a part of the 
 rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation 
 of the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain and Antie- 
 tam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, the engagement near, and 
 reconnaissance to, Halltown, the skirmishes near Union and 
 Upperville, the action at Markham's Station, the skirmishes at 
 Barbee's Cross-Roads and Little Washington, the action at Amiss- 
 ville, the affair ten miles south of Warrenton, the skirmish near 
 Rappahannock bridge, the battle of Fredericksburg, and the re- 
 connaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He served in winter camp near Falmouth, 1862-63, and partici- 
 pated in the action at Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, a few 
 days before he was discharged from his enlistment. He joined 
 his company at that place on the 9th of April, 1863, and was in 
 charge of the dismounted men of the regiment during General 
 Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April-May, 1863. He was 
 engaged in the battle of Beverly Ford, the skirmish at Aldie, and 
 the actions at Middletown and Snicker's Gap, near Upperville. 
 He then participated in the Pennsylvania and Central Virginia 
 campaigns (commanding company), and was engaged in the battle 
 of Gettysburg, the actions at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funks- 
 town, and Falling Waters, the engagement of Manassas Gap, the 
 skirmish near Front Royal, the action near, and battle of, Brandy 
 Station, and thereafter (commanding company) in the action at 
 Morton's Ford, the combat at Bristoe Station, and the Mine Run 
 operations. He served in winter camp at Mitchell's Station, Va., 
 1863-64, and was engaged in the actions at Barnett's Ford, 
 Charlottesville, and Stanardsville, the skirmish near Morton's Ford, 
 and the battle of Todd's Tavern. He was on a sick-leave of 
 absence from May to September, 1864, when he rejoined the regi- 
 ment in the Shenandoah Valley, and commanded a company at 
 the battle of Winchester, where he was severely wounded and lost a 
 leg by amputation. He was promoted, in September, 1864, a first 
 lieutenant, to date from December 7, 1863, and was retired from 
 active service April 25, 1865, for incapacity resulting from a 
 wound received in the line of duty. He was made a brevet captain, 
 to date from May 6, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 506 
 
 the battle of Todd's Tavern; and a. brevet major, to date from 
 September 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Winchester, lie died at Binghamton, N. Y., on the 6th 
 of October, 1871. 
 
 55. Joseph P. IIexley was born in Ireland, lie was a first 
 sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged from his 
 enlistment, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 regiment, to date from April 22, 18G3. He was promoted a 
 first lieutenant March 30, 1864. He served as a non-commis- 
 sioned officer in Texas, and was engaged in the combat on 
 the head-waters of Devil's River, July 20, 1857, where he won an 
 honorable mention ; in the brilliant action at Small Creek, a 
 tributary of the Nescutnnga, May 13, 1859 ; and in the capture of 
 La Mesa, March 16, 1860. When Texas was surrendered to the 
 insurgents he accompanied the first detachment of the regiment, 
 by the way of Indianola and New York, to Carlisle, where he 
 arrived on the 13th of April, 1861. He participated, as a non- 
 commissioned officer, in the Manassas campaign, and was engaged 
 in the skirmish near Blackburn's Ford and in the battle of Bull 
 Run ; served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62 ; participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and 
 Maryland campaigns ; and was engaged, in the skirmish at Cedar 
 Run, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in 
 almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards 
 Richmond, including the skirmish at New Bridge, near Cold Har- 
 bor ; the battle of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissances 
 towards Ashland and the White House, the skirmishes near Syca- 
 more Church and White Oak Swamp, the reconnaissances to Mal- 
 vern Hill and Burnt Bridge, with the regiment as a part of the 
 rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of 
 the Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the 
 skirmish near Shepherdstown, the engagement near, and recon- 
 naissance to, Halltown, and, during the closing months of 1S62, in 
 the skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action at Mark- 
 ham's Station, the skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the action at 
 Amissville, the battle <>f Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance 
 near Falmouth. Be served in winter camp at Falmouth, 1862-63, 
 
506 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and was engaged in the action at Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahan- 
 nock, and participated in General Stoneman's raid towards Rich- 
 mond, April-May, 1863, and was engaged in the action at Fleming's 
 Cross-Roads. 
 
 He joined his company on the 25th of May, 1863, and served 
 continuously as a company commander until the 12th of June, 
 1864, and was engaged in the battle of Beverly Ford (distinguished 
 for gallantry), the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at Middletown 
 and Snicker's Gap, the battle of Gettysburg, the actions at Wil- 
 liamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the en- 
 gagement at Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front Royal, the 
 action and battle of Brandy Station, the action at Morton's Ford, 
 the combat at Bristoe Station, and the Mine Run operations. 
 He served in winter camp at Mitchell's Station, 1863-64, and was 
 engaged in the actions at Barnett's Ford, Charlottesville, ftnd 
 Stanardsville, and the skirmish near Morton's Ford. He then 
 participated in the Richmond campaign of 1864, and was engaged 
 in the battle of Todd's Tavern, the actions at Beaver Dam Station, 
 Yellow Tavern, and Meadow Bridge, the skirmish near Mechan- 
 icsville, the battle of Cold Harbor, and the battle of Trevillian 
 Station, where he was killed on the 12th of June, 1864. 
 
 57. Kenelm RobbiinS was born in Massachusetts in 1839. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 11th of June, 
 1863, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant June 12, 1864. He joined in July, 
 1863, and served continuously as a company commander until the 
 19th of September, 1864. He participated in the Rapidan cam- 
 paign of 1863, and in the Richmond and Shenandoah campaigns 
 of 1864, and was engaged in the action and battle of Brandy 
 Station, where he won the brevet of first lieutenant, to date from 
 August 1, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services ; the action 
 at Morton's Ford, the combat of Bristoe Station, the actions near 
 Barnett's Ford and at Charlottesville and Stanardsville, the skir- 
 mish near Morton's Ford, the battle of Todd's Tavern, the actions 
 at Beaver Dam Station, Yellow Tavern, and Meadow Bridge, the 
 skirmish near Mechanicsville, the battles of Cold Harbor, Trevillian 
 Station, and Deep Bottom, the action near Winchester and White 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 507 
 
 Post, the skirmishes near Shephcrdstown, Front Royal, and Kear- 
 neysville, the affair at White Post, theaction at Smithfield, the affair 
 at Berryville, and the battle of Winchester, where he was severely 
 wounded and won the brevet of captain, to date from September 
 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services. He was on a sick- 
 leave of absence until the 12th of December, when he was appointed 
 recorder of a board of officers which was convened at Annapolis, 
 Md., to examine noncommissioned officers for promotion in the 
 army, and continued on that duty until August 1, 1866. He was 
 regimental adjutant from July 31, 1866 (assuming the duties of the 
 office on the 15th of August), to December 31, 1866, and regimental 
 commissary from December 31, 1866, to March 31, 1867 (serving 
 during this period at Washington, D. C), when he was appointed 
 a captain in the Forty-third Infantry, to date from January 22, 
 1867. He then served at Fort Wayne, Mich., until May 22, 1869, 
 when, his regiment having been consolidated with the present 
 First Infantry, he was placed on the list of unassigned officers and 
 was awaiting orders until September 1, 1869. He was then as- 
 signed to reconstruction duty in Mississippi, and was serving at 
 Jackson when he died of disease on the 28th of February, 1870. 
 
 58. Richard Fitzgerald was born in Ireland. He served as 
 a private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 and participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Mary- 
 land campaigns of 1862, and was a first sergeant in the cavalry 
 recruiting service when he was appointed a second lieutenant in 
 the Fifth Cavalry, to date from October 31, 1863. He was pro- 
 moted a first lieutenant June 12, 1864. He joined in December, 
 
 1863, served in winter camp at Mitchell's Station, 1863-64, and 
 was engaged in the actions at Barnett's Ford, Charlottesville, and 
 Stanardsville, and the skirmish near Morton's Ford. 
 
 He participated in the Richmond and Shenandoah campaigns of 
 
 1864, and was engaged in the battle of Todd's Tavern, the actions 
 at Beaver Dam Station, Yellow Tavern, and Meadow Bridge, the 
 skirmish near Mcchanicsville, the battles of Cold Harbor, Trevillian 
 Station, and Deep Bottom, the action near Winchester and White 
 Post, the skirmishes near Shepherdstown, Front Royal, and Kear- 
 neysville, the affair at White Post, the action at Smithfjeld, the 
 
508 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 affair at Berryville, and the battle of Winchester, where he was 
 killed while gallantly leading his company in a charge against the 
 enemy. 
 
 60. John Trevor was born in New York. He was serving as 
 a first sergeant in the Fifth Artillery when he was appointed a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from May 18, 1864. 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant September 19, 1864. He 
 joined in the field on the 28th of June, and commanded a company 
 in the Eichmond and Shenandoah campaigns of 1864, and was 
 engaged in the battle of Deep Bottom, the action near Winchester 
 and White Post, the skirmishes near Shepherdstown, Front Royal, 
 and Kearncysville, the affair at White Post, the action at Smith- 
 field, the affairs at Berryville and Round Hill, and the battle of 
 Winchester, where he was mortally wounded while gallantly leading 
 his company in a charge against the enemy. He died on the 29th 
 of September, 1864. 
 
 61. Edward Harris was born in Virginia. He had served 
 an enlistment in the Fifth Cavalry, and was a hospital steward 
 when he was appointed a second lieutenant in the regiment, to 
 date from June 7, 1864. He was promoted a first lieutenant 
 September 29, 1864. He joined on the 17th of July, and served 
 in the Richmond and Shenandoah campaigns of 1864, and partici- 
 pated in the battles of Deep Bottom and Winchester, and other 
 engagements of less importance. He participated in the operations 
 of the closing Richmond campaign of 1865, and Avas made a brevet 
 first lieutenant, to date from May 6, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services (as an enlisted man) at the battle of Todd's Tavern; 
 and a brevet captain, to date from September 19, 1864, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Winchester. He was a 
 mustering and disbursing officer at Wheeling, W. Va., from June 
 to September, 1865. He then rejoined his company and had 
 stations at Washington, D. C, and Nashville, Tenn., until October 
 31, 1866, when he resigned his commission and returned to civil 
 pursuits in Virginia. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 509 
 
 63. William H. Chukciiill was born in Indiana. He was 
 serving as a first sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was 
 appointed a second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from June 
 7, 1864. He served as a private and. non-commissioned officer in 
 the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1861-62, and 
 participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and 
 Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the skirmish at 
 Cedar Bun, the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg 
 and in almost daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance 
 towards Richmond, the battle of Hanover Court-IIouse, the recon- 
 naissances towards Ashland and the White House, with the regi- 
 ment as a part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Potomac 
 during the evacuation of the Peninsula, the battles of South 
 Mountain and Antietam, the skirmish near Shepherdstown, the 
 engagement near, and reconnaissance to, Halltown, the skirmishes 
 near Union and Upperville, the action at Markham's Station, the 
 skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, the action at Amissville, the 
 skirmish near Rappahannock bridge, the battle of Fredericksburg, 
 and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. He served in winter camp 
 near Falmouth, 1862-63, and was engaged in the action at Kelly's 
 Ford, and participated in General Stoneman's raid towards Rich- 
 mond, April-May, 1863, and was engaged in the action near 
 Raccoon Ford and the skirmish at South Anna bridge. He was 
 engaged, during June, in the battle of Beverly Ford, the skirmish 
 at Aldie, and the actions at Middletown and Snicker's Gap. He 
 then participated in the Pennsylvania and Central Virginia cam- 
 paigns, and was engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, the actions 
 at Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the 
 engagement at Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front Royal, the 
 action near, and battle of, Brandy Station, the action at Morton's 
 Ford, the combat of Bri8toe Station, and the Mine Run operations. 
 He served near Mitchell's Station during the winter of 1863-64, and 
 was engaged in the actions near Barnett's Ford, Charlottesville, and 
 Stanardsville (wounded), and in the skirmish near Morton's Ford. 
 
 He joined his company at the headquarters of the Army of the 
 Potomac on the 19th of July, 1864, and served as quartermaster 
 for Captain Mason's battalion, which was on escort duty with 
 General Grant, until the'end of the war, and participated in the 
 general engagements about Richmond, in front of Petersburg, 
 
510 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and in the closing campaign which resulted in the surrender of 
 the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia on the 9th of April, 
 1865. He was promoted a first lieutenant August 3, 1865, and 
 continued to serve on escort duty with General Grant at Washing- 
 ton until January, 1866. It was during this period of his service 
 that he received fatal injuries which were caused by a fall from his 
 horse during a rest at a mounted drill, when he ran a race with 
 another officer. He proceeded to South Carolina, where he served 
 on reconstruction duty until the 20th of March, when he was 
 compelled to avail himself of a sick-leave of absence, and, after 
 a long and painful illness, died at Aurora, Ind., on the 20th of 
 August, 1866. He was made a brevet first lieutenant and a brevet 
 captain, to date from April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct during the campaign terminating with the surrender of 
 the Army of Northern Virginia. 
 
 64. Augustus H. D. Williams was born in Pennsylvania and 
 was engaged in business pursuits at the beginning of the war of 
 the Kebellion. He enrolled for volunteer service on the 14th of 
 August, 1861, and was commissioned a first lieutenant in the 
 Eleventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, September 29, 1861, and served 
 in that grade, and for a time as adjutant of the regiment, until 
 September 7, 1864, having stations at Camp Palmer, Fortress Mon- 
 roe, and Portsmouth, and participating in the action at Beaver Dam 
 Church, the siege of Suffolk, the action at South Anna Bridge, the 
 action of Yellow Tavern, the battle of Deep Bottom, the action at 
 Ream's Station, and other engagements of less importance. He 
 enlisted in the Fifth Cavalry on the 6th of October, 1864, and 
 was serving as a corporal when he was discharged, having been 
 appointed a second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from March 
 12, 1865. He was promoted a first lieutenant January 12, 1866. 
 
 He served as a private and non-commissioned officer in the 
 closing operations of the Shenandoah campaign of 1864, in 
 General Sheridan's last raid, and in the closing Richmond cam- 
 paign of 1865, and was engaged in the battle of Cedar Creek, the 
 raid into the Loudon Valley, the skirmishes near Madison Court- 
 House and Gordonsville, the action near Paris, the skirmishes near 
 Stanton and Bent Creek, the actions at South Anna Bridge and 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 511 
 
 Five Forks, and the engagement near Dinwiddie Oourt-House. 
 He joined his company at the headquarters of the Army of the 
 Potomac in April, 1865, and served, with Captain Mason's bat- 
 talion, on escort duty with General Grant in the field and at 
 Washington, 1). C, until January 24, 1866. He was then assigned 
 to Carlisle, Pa., and employed on recruiting service until .Septem- 
 ber, when he rejoined his company at Winchester, Va., where he 
 served as quartermaster and commissary until April, 1807. Upon 
 the expiration of a sick-leave of absence he rejoined his company 
 at Richmond, where he served until the 23d of February, 1868, 
 when he was ordered before a Retiring Board for an examination 
 into his mental condition, and was retired from active service on 
 the 20th of July, 18G8, for incapacity resulting from aberration of 
 mind caused by sickness contracted in the line of duty. He re- 
 ceived the brevets of first lieutenant and captain, to date from 
 April 2, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the capture 
 of Petersburg, Va. He returned to his home in Philadelphia, 
 where he died on the 12th of May, 1876. 
 
 65. James P. Ruggles was born in Massachusetts. He was 
 serving as a non-commissioned officer in the Second Cavalry when 
 he was appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from May 3, 1865. He was promoted a first lieutenant February 
 17, 1866. He participated, as an enlisted man, in the campaigns 
 of the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in many of the im- 
 portant battles of the war of the Rebellion. He joined the regi- 
 ment in May, and served at Cumberland, Md., and New Creek 
 and Moorefield, W. Va., until August, 1865, when he was appointed 
 an aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General William H. Emory, com- 
 manding the District of West Virginia, and served in that position 
 until December, 1865. He was then assigned to reconstruction 
 duty in South Carolina, where he served until July, when he was 
 transferred to Tennessee and was employed until April, 1867, as 
 acting assistant adjutant-general of the Middle District of Ten- 
 nessee, August and September, 1S66 ; on company duty, October- 
 December, 1866 ; and as acting assist ant adjutant-general, District 
 of Nashville, and adjutant detachment of the Fifth Cavalry, 
 January-April, 1867. He was out of service from the 15th of 
 
512 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 August to the 31st of December, 1867, when he was restored with 
 his original rank, and rejoined at Montgomery, Ala., in February, 
 1868, where he had station until the 9th of June, 1868, when he 
 ceased to be an officer of the army. He was employed during the 
 winter of 1868-69 as chief clerk in the Commissary Department at 
 Fort Harker, Kan., and is now engaged in mining operations in 
 Colorado and New Mexico. 
 
 66. James C. Cooley was born in Massachusetts. He served 
 as a lieutenant in the One Hundred and Thirty-third New York 
 Volunteers, and, for a time, on the staff of Brigadier-General William 
 H. Emory, and was a private in the Fifth Cavalry when he was 
 appointed a second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from May 
 3, 1865. He was promoted a first lieutenant July 28, 1866. He 
 joined on the 10th of May, 1865, and served with Captain Mason's 
 battalion on escort duty with General Grant at Washington until 
 October. He was then assigned to reconstruction duty in Tennes- 
 see, and served at Nashville as adjutant, quartermaster, and ordnance 
 officer until August, 1866, when he was appointed regimental com- 
 missary, to date from July 31, 1866. He joined the regimental 
 headquarters at Washington on the 23d of August, and served in 
 that position until December 31, 1866, when he was relieved and 
 assigned to a company. He then availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until March 1, 1867, when he resigned his commission 
 and engaged in mercantile pursuits in New York City. He was 
 made a brevet first lieutenant and a brevet captain, to date from 
 May 3, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war 
 of the Rebellion. 
 
 68. William Bixxixg was born in Scotland. He served as an 
 enlisted man during the war of the Rebellion, and was appointed, 
 from the army, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from October 9, 1865, and was promoted a first lieutenant July 28, 
 1866. He joined the regiment in October, 1S65, and was a com- 
 pany commander until September 11, 1867. He served at Cumber- 
 land, Md., and on reconstruction duty in the Carolinas, having 
 stations at Charleston, Salisbury, and Raleigh ; at Washington, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 513 
 
 P. C. ; and on reconstruction duty in Alabama, having stations at 
 Montgomery, Mobile, Union Springs, and in Henry County, until 
 January 1, 1868, when he died of congestive chills at Montgomery, 
 Ala, 
 
 71. Robert F. Stockton was born in New Jersey, and was ap- 
 pointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from February 23, 1866, and was promoted a first lieutenant 
 October 31, 1866. Rejoined the regiment in April at Washing- 
 ton, where he had station until the 18th of July, when he was as- 
 signed to duty at Middleburg, Md., and thence to Winchester, Va., 
 where he served as a commissary until September, when he rejoined 
 his company at Washington, where he had station until the 26th 
 of April, 1867. He was then assigned to reconstruction duty in 
 Georgia, and served at Atlanta until the 23d of May, when he 
 resigned his commission. He was reappointed, with his original 
 rank, on the 21st of November, 1867, and joined the regiment at 
 Jackson, Miss., on the 4th of December, where he served until the 
 30th. He then availed himself of a leave of absence, and, without 
 rejoining the regiment, again resigned his commission on the 14th 
 of February, 1868, and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 72. Edward P. Doherty was born in Canada. He served 
 during the war of the Rebellion as a lieutenant and captain in the 
 Sixteenth New York Cavalry until June 23, 1865, and thereafter 
 as a captain in the Third Provisional New York Cavalry until Sep- 
 tember 21, 1865. He was engaged in many of the principal battles 
 of the Army of the Potomac, and became conspicuous, in April, 
 1865, in the capture of the assassin of President Lincoln ; and 
 it was chiefly for valuable services upon that occasion that he 
 was appointed, from New York, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from April 19, 1866. He was promoted a first 
 lieutenant March 1, 1867. He joined the regiment, in July, in 
 South Carolina, where he served on reconstruction duty, having 
 stations at Columbia, Sumter, Aiken, and Edgefield, until June, 
 1867, when he was transferred, on similar duty, to Georgia, and 
 served at Atlanta, Adairsville, and on special duty at Atlanta with 
 
514 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the headquarters of the District of Georgia, Carnesville, and Elber- 
 ton, until February, 1869, when he was transferred to Nebraska, 
 and participated in the Republican River expedition, and was en- 
 gaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant action at Summit 
 Springs, the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, and in the 
 Niobrara pursuit. He served at Plum Creek, Neb., during Sep- 
 tember and October, 1869, and at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., from 
 November, 1869, with occasional tours of field-service, to Decem- 
 ber 27, 1870, when he was mustered out of service, upon the re- 
 duction of the army, under the provisions of the act of Congress 
 of July 15, 1870. 
 
 74. Charles B. Brady was born in New York. He was a 
 general-service clerk in the office of the adjutant-general of the 
 army when he was appointed, from New York, a second lieutenant 
 in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from November 16, 1866. He was 
 promoted a first lieutenant August 11, 1867. He joined the regi- 
 ment on the 23d of December, 1866, and served at Gallatin and 
 Nashville, Tenn., and at Aiken, S. C, until October, 1868, when 
 he was transferred to the frontier, and participated in an Indian 
 campaign on the western border of Kansas during the fall of 1868, 
 and was engaged in the affairs on Prairie Dog and Shuter creeks, 
 and the north branch of Solomon River. He also served with the 
 Canadian River expedition during the winter of 1868-69, and in 
 the Republican River expedition during the summer of 1869, and 
 was engaged in the affair at Deer Creek, Kan. He had station at 
 Fort McPherson, Neb., from August, 1869, with occasional toura 
 of field- service, to the 30th of November, 1870, when, upon the re- 
 duction of the army, he was honorably discharged from the service, 
 at his own request, under the provisions of the act of Congress of 
 July 15, 1870. 
 
 77. Amos Webster was born in Massachusetts, and was engaged 
 in business pursuits at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. 
 He enlisted in the First Massachusetts Volunteers on the 24th of 
 May, 1861, and was appointed a corporal the next day. He was 
 commissioned, upon the recommendation of General Hooker for con- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 515 
 
 spicuous services at the battle of Williamsburg, a second lieutenant 
 in his regiment, to date from May 8, 1862, and was promoted a 
 first lieutenant September 8, 1863. He was mustered out with his 
 regiment on the 24th of May, 1864, and immediately appointed 
 a volunteer aide-de-camp, with the rank of captain, for Briga- 
 dier-General Rufus Ingalls, with whom he served until the 1st of 
 October, 1864, when he was appointed an assistant quartermaster 
 of volunteers, with the rank of captain, and assigned to the staff of 
 General Grant, and continued to serve at the headquarters of the 
 army until October 1, 1867, when he was mustered out of volunteer 
 service. 
 
 He participated in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac 
 from Blackburn's Ford, July 18, 1861, to the surrender of the 
 Confederate Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court- 
 House, April 9, 1865, and was wounded in the leg by a minie-ball 
 at the battle of Gettysburg. He received the volunteer brevets of 
 major and lieutenant-colonel, to date from April 9, 1865, for gallant 
 and meritorious services in the campaign against the insurgent 
 Army of Northern Virginia, beginning in front of Petersburg, Va., 
 March 29, 1865, and ending April 9, 1865. 
 
 He was appointed, from the District of Columbia, a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from March 7, 1867, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant June 9, 1868, and, without joining 
 the regiment, continued to serve as quartermaster at the head- 
 quarters of the army until the 15th of April, 1869, when he re- 
 signed his commission to accept the position of register of wills 
 for the District of Columbia. He has also served as adjutant- 
 general of the District of Columbia from January 1, 1871, to the 
 present time. He was made a brevet first lieutenant, a brevet 
 captain, and a brevet major, to date from March 7, 1867, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 78. Alfred B. Bache (a son of Colonel Hartman Baclie, Corps of 
 Engineers) was born in Pennsylvania. He was appointed, from that 
 State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from 
 March 7, 1867, and was promoted a first lieutenant July 20, 
 1868. He reported at the headquarters of the regiment at Wash- 
 
516 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ington on the 5th of July, 1867, and was assigned to reconstruction 
 duty at Jackson, Miss., where he had station, with occasional tours 
 of detached service, until October, 1868. He was then transferred 
 to frontier service, and participated in an Indian campaign on the 
 western border of Kansas during the fall of 1868, and was engaged 
 in the affairs on Shuter Creek and on the north branch of Solomon 
 River. He also served with the Canadian Eiver expedition aud 
 in camp near Fort Lyon, Col., during the winter and spring of 
 1868-69. He was regimental commissary from the 25th of April 
 to the 20th of July, 1869, but did not enter upon the duties of the 
 office. He had stations at Sidney, Neb., Fort D. A. Russell and 
 Sherman, Wyo., and Fort McPherson, Neb., from September, 
 1869, to November, 1871, when he availed himself of a sick-leave 
 of absence until April, 1872. He then conducted a detachment of 
 recruits to Arizona and joined his company at Camp McDowell on 
 the 20th of June, and, after a brief tour of field-service (engaged 
 in the brilliant action at Muchos Canons, September 25, 1872), 
 a°"ain availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until June, 1873, 
 when he conducted another detachment of recruits to Arizona, and 
 joined his company at Camp Grant and participated in the Apache 
 campaigns of 1873-74, and was engaged in the affairs (three) in the 
 Sierra Anclia and Santa Teresa Mountains, and in the important 
 combat (commanding) near Pinal Creek. He was twice nominated 
 to the United States Senate to be a brevet captain, to date from 
 September 25, 1872, for gallant conduct in the engagement with 
 Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons ; and a brevet major, to 
 date from April 1, 1874, for gallant conduct in action with Apache 
 Indians near Apache (Pinal) Creek. He continued to serve at 
 Camp Grant until May, 1875, when he marched with the first 
 detachment of the regiment to the Department of the Missouri, 
 and arrived at Fort Dodge, Kan., on the 10th of July, 1875, where 
 he had station, with occasional tours of field-service, until the 17th 
 of July, 1876. He then proceeded to Cheyenne and marched 
 thence to Goose Creek, Wyo., and served with the Big Horn and 
 Yellowstone expedition, although unable to perform any duty, 
 until the 9th of October, when he was sent to Fort Dodge, Kan., 
 for rest and medical treatment. He died at that station, of chronic 
 rheumatism, on the 12th of November, 1876. His remains were 
 taken to Philadelphia, where they now rest. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 517 
 
 The subjoined excerpt is from the regimental order announcing 
 his death : * 
 
 " Never of rugged physique, seldom in good health, he had 
 been a severe sufferer when the regiment entered upon its series of 
 conflicts with the Arizona Apaches ; but here devotion to duty 
 triumphed over physical weakness, and, sharing in the sharp 
 engagements of Crook's campaigns, he won the commendation of 
 the department commander, and was twice recommended for 
 brevets for marked gallantry in action. When the late expedition 
 against the Sioux made its junction with the forces of General 
 Terry, Lieutenant Bache was well-nigh exhausted by the con- 
 tinued strain of hardships and exposures to which he had been 
 subjected, and was ordered to the East for medical treatment ; but 
 a fortnight later, when encamped at the mouth of Powder River, 
 he reappeared among his comrades, and, partially restored by 
 brief rest and "shelter, insisted upon returning to the command. 
 Of the hardships that followed, the utter lack of shelter and 
 food in pitiless and incessant rain-storms, the weary marches that 
 had to be made when men and horses were alike exhausted, there 
 was not one he did not share, and no suffering exceeded his. Pluck 
 and determination carried him through the ordeal, but these could 
 not restore the loss of vital energy. His life and our campaign 
 ended together." 
 
 He was a faithful friend, a genial companion, and a gallant 
 soldier. 
 
 79. Jules C. A. Schenofsky (a son of General Schenofsky, of 
 the Belgian army) was born in Belgium, and was educated at the 
 Polytechnic School of Paris with the view of serving as an officer in 
 the French army. But at the beginning of the war of the Rebel- 
 lion he hastened to the United States and offered his services to 
 the government, which were accepted, and he was appointed an 
 additional aide-de-camp of volunteers with the rank of captain, to 
 date from June 11, 1862, and served in that position until May 
 22, 1865. He participated in the principal battles of the Army of 
 the Potomac from Antietam to the surrender of the Confederate 
 Army of Northern Virginia. 
 
 • G. O. No. 7, November 16, 1876. 
 
518 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 He was appointed, from Missouri, a second lieutenant in the 
 Seventh Infantry, to date from May 11, 1866, and joined his regi- 
 ment at Tallahassee, Florida, on the 28th of July, 1866, where he 
 had station until March 30, 1867, when he was transferred, at his 
 own request, to the Fifth Cavalry, and was promoted a first lieu- 
 tenant September 12, 1868. He joined the regiment in Tennessee 
 on the 29th of April, 1867, and served at Gallatin, Nashville, 
 Chattanooga, and Knoxville until October, 1868. He was then 
 transferred to frontier service, and participated in an Indian cam- 
 paign .on the western border of Kansas during the fall of 1868, 
 and was engaged in the affairs on Shuter Creek and on the north 
 branch of Solomon River. He also served with the Canadian River 
 expedition and in camp near Fort Lyon, Col., during the winter 
 and spring of 1868-69. He then marched with a battalion of the 
 regiment across the country to Fort McPherson, Neb., and was 
 engaged en route, during the month of May, in combats, with 
 hostile Sioux and Cheyennes on Beaver (conspicuous for gallantry) 
 and Spring creeks. He participated, in June, in the operations 
 of the Republican River expedition and was engaged in the affair 
 near Spring Creek. He was then detached from the expedition 
 and served on the Little Blue River and at Meridian, Neb., until 
 September, when he rejoined and was engaged in the affair on 
 Prairie Dog Creek. He had station at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 from November 13, 1869, to October 1, 1870 (was employed during 
 the summer of 1870 on escort duty with a government surveying 
 party), when, upon the reduction of the army, he was honorably 
 discharged from the service, at his own request, under the pro- 
 visions of the act of Congress of July 15, 1870, and at once 
 returned to France and served during the Franco-German war as 
 an aide-de-camp and major of cavalry. He was captured by the 
 Commune of Paris near the end of the war, and narrowly escaped 
 death at their hands. He then resigned his commission and claimed 
 the protection of the American minister, and as soon as possible 
 returned to his father's estate in Belgium, where he was living in 
 1876. 
 
 80. Peter V. Haskin was born in New York. He served as 
 a first lieutenant in the Sixth New York Cavalry from December 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 519 
 
 1, 1804, to June 17, 1805, and thereafter, in the same grade, in 
 the Second Provisional New York Cavalry until August 9, 1865, 
 when lie was mustered out of volunteer service. lie was appointed, 
 from New York, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from June 13, 1867, and was promoted a first lieutenant December 
 22, 1868. He joined the regiment at Aiken, S. C, on the 12th of 
 December, 1867, where he had station until the 12th of Septem- 
 ber, 1868, when he was transferred to frontier service and served 
 with the Canadian River expedition and in camp near Fort Lyon, 
 Col., during the winter and spring of 1868-69. He then marched 
 with a battalion of the regiment across the country to Fort Mc- 
 Pherson, Neb., and was engaged en route, during the month of 
 May, in combats with hostile Sioux and Cheyennes on Beaver and 
 Spring creeks. He participated in the Republican River expe- 
 dition of 1869, and was engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the 
 brilliant action at Summit Springs, the affair in the sand-hills 
 south of Julesburg, and in the Niobrara pursuit. He had station 
 at Fort McPherson from August 22, 1869, to March 19, 1870, 
 when he resigned his commission and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 81. Jacob Almy was born at New Bedford, Mass., November 
 20, 1842. He passed through, in regular succession, the graded 
 schools of his native city and was graduated when eighteen years 
 of age. He then entered the State Normal School at Bridgewater, 
 Mass., where he remained about eighteen months and completed 
 the course in the summer of 1861, about the time of the battle of 
 Bull Run. He returned to his home firmly resolved to serve his 
 country as a soldier. His parents, who were members of the 
 Society of Friends, sought, in obedience to their religious convic- 
 tions, to dissuade him from this purpose; but finding him so 
 thoroughly in earnest, they finally yielded to his decision, and he 
 enlisted as a private in the Thirty-third Massachusetts Volunteers 
 on the 4th of August, 1862, and was mustered into service the 
 next day. The course of instruction at the Bridgewater Normal 
 School is provided by the State gratuitously to all students who de- 
 clare an intention to become teachers in the public schools. Almy 
 entered the school with this declaration of intention ; but, when 
 
520 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 he volunteered for the war and afterwards entered the Military 
 Academy without teaching, he decided to pay for his instruction, 
 and, although under no legal obligation to do so, paid the account 
 in full from his first savings after he had received his commission 
 in the army. His regiment belonged to the Ninth Corps, then in 
 Virginia, but before participating in any action he was discharged 
 as a corporal February 5, 1863, having received an appointment to 
 the Military Academy. He was graduated on the 17th of June, 
 1867, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and 
 was promoted a first lieutenant April 15, 1869. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Aiken, S. C, on the 30th of October, 
 1867, where he had station until September, 1868. He was then 
 transferred to frontier service, and participated in an Indian cam- 
 paign on the western border of Kansas during the fall of 1868, and 
 was engaged in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek and in the combats 
 on Shuter Creek and the north branch of Solomon Kiver. He also 
 served with the Canadian River expedition and in camp near 
 Fort Lyon, Col., during the winter and spring of 1868-69, and 
 was acting assistant adjutant-general of the expedition from the 
 14th of January to the 19th of February, 1869. He was adjutant 
 of a battalion of the regiment during the march across the country 
 to Fort McPherson, Neb., and was engaged en route, during the 
 month of May, in combats with hostile Sioux and Cheyennes on 
 Beaver and Spring creeks. He served as adjutant of the Republi- 
 can River expedition from the 9th of June to the 19th of July, 
 1869, and was engaged in the affair at Rock Creek and in the 
 brilliant action at Summit Springs. He was regimental com- 
 missary from July 20, 1869, to July 15, 1870 (when the grade was 
 abolished by an act of Congress), and served during this period at 
 Fort McPherson. He was then assigned to a company and had 
 stations at Pine. Bluff, Fort Sidney, and Fort Laramie until No- 
 vember, 1871, when he proceeded to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 and accompanied the second detachment of the regiment, by the 
 way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and 
 arrived at Camp Grant February 10, 1872, where he had station 
 until the next December, when he participated in the Apache cam- 
 paign of 1872-73, and was engaged (commanding company) in the 
 action at the Caves and the combat on Pinto Creek. He was twice 
 nominated to the United States Senate to be a brevet captain, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 521 
 
 to date from December 28, 1872, for gallant conduct in the action 
 at the Caves. 
 
 At the end of the campaign he was assigned to duty at the 
 "San Carlos Agency. The reservation Indians embraced several 
 tribes under one management. They were never wholly at peace 
 with each other, and the efforts of the agent to control them had 
 been only partially successful. A few of the leaders continued to 
 stir up dissensions, and outbreaks were attempted from time to 
 time, until finally the agent was compelled to ask for military 
 assistance. It was at this crisis of affairs that Lieutenant Almy 
 was ordered to establish a camp near the agency and restore, so 
 far as possible, the authority of the agent, with whom he was in- 
 structed to co-operate. A number of Indian scouts were enlisted 
 from the warriors to assist in preserving order, and he was assigned 
 to command them. His duties were of a delicate nature and in- 
 volved the exercise of rare discretion and sound judgment. An 
 injudicious display of force would have driven every Indian from 
 the reservation to raid upon the settlements. Lieutenant Almy 
 was equal to the emergency, and no better officer of his grade 
 could have been selected for the position. He possessed a con- 
 scientious character and above all other considerations sought 
 to be just ; and, when once assured of his course, was firm and 
 unyielding to the end. He was at the same time kind-hearted and 
 easy to approach. His uniformly fair and just dealings soon won 
 the confidence of the Indians, over whom he was thus enabled to 
 exercise considerable control and influence. 
 
 On the morning of the 27th of May, 1873, when the Indians were 
 assembled for the purpose of drawing rations, one of the warriors 
 offered violence to the agent, and, at his request, a small guard 
 was ordered from the military camp to arrest the offender, who 
 could not be found, as he had skulked away and was seemingly lost 
 in the crowd. Lieutenant Almy quietly followed the guard to the 
 agency, and, learning that the offender had not been arrested, 
 immediately resumed the search for him. The approach of the 
 guard had been viewed with suspicion by the Indians, as many of 
 them were avowed enemies of the agent and feared an arrest, and 
 when the search was resumed the excitement became very great. 
 The Indians began to examine their arms, and it was plainly to be 
 seen that to continue the search would be a perilous undertaking. 
 
522 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 But Lieutenant Almy knew the offender was somewhere in the ex- 
 cited crowd, and that to hesitate in the presence of a people quick 
 to detect any indication of wavering would be a surrender of all 
 the control and influence he had acquired over them. He never 
 faltered, but pursued the search with the utmost daring, and was 
 seemingly unconscious of the peril of the hour. The Indians were 
 meanwhile becoming more and more intolerant of the rigid scrutiny. 
 Their excitement grew almost boundless, but he did not falter in 
 his duty. Suddenly the sharp report of a rifle rang out with an 
 almost paralyzing effect upon those who heard it, and Lieutenant 
 Almy was seen staggering from the crowd with both hands pressed 
 to his sides, and, reeling forward a few steps, with the exclama- 
 tion, "My God! it has come at last," fell dead in that excited 
 presence. 
 
 That scene can never be forgotten by those who witnessed it— 
 the wild shrieks of the flying Indians, the vengeful shouts of the 
 soldiers as they fired on them, the bleeding form of the murdered 
 officer, and the sickening sense of helplessness which was born 
 of the fear that the Indians would carry into execution their often- 
 repeated threats to massacre every white man on the reservation, 
 may be imagined but not described. Some means of defense were 
 extemporized, a messenger dispatched ninety miles for assist- 
 ance, and the handful of men were ready for what might happen. 
 But the Indians did not remain to carry their threats into execu- 
 tion. They fled to the mountains for refuge from the vengeance 
 which they felt would surely overtake them — as it did, one after 
 another paying the penalty for their crime with their lives, taken 
 by their own people, until finally, on the 30th of April, 1874, the 
 murderer was killed by a party under the command of Captain 
 Hamilton, of the regiment, on the south side of Salt River and 
 south-east of the Big Canon. Lieutenant Almy's grave was pre- 
 pared near a mesquite-tree, and at sunset there was a funeral— not 
 a grand, imposing spectacle, but an earnest, thoughtful demonstra- 
 tion of heartfelt sorrow, befitting men who had to confront the 
 dangers of the next day. The burial service of the Episcopal 
 Church was read, and then his remains were tenderly committed 
 to their temporary resting-place. 
 
 Thus passed from the roster of the Fifth Cavalry a man " whose 
 remembrance yet lives in men's eyes." His modesty, gentleness 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 528 
 
 gained him the good-will of most men. 
 
 He was a devoted son, a stanch friend, a gallant soldier, and 
 sincerely honest in all the relations of life. The manner of his 
 death placed the stamp of truth upon his actions, and it is doubtful 
 if the death-roll of the army for that year can show a better or a 
 brighter name. 
 
 83. George F. Mason (a grandson of Major- General Alexan- 
 der Macomb, general-in-chief of the army of the United States, 
 1828-1841) was born in the District of Columbia about 1845. He 
 was appointed, from Michigan, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from August 19, 1867, and was promoted a first 
 lieutenant June 22, 1869. 
 
 He joined the regiment at Morganton, N. C, on the 2d of Oc- 
 tober, 1867, where he had station, with occasional tours of detached 
 service, until August, 1868, when he was transfer) ed to Raleigh, 
 N. C, and thence, a few days later, to frontier service, and partici- 
 pated in an Indian campaign on the western border of Kansas 
 during the fall of 1868, and was engaged in the affair on Prairie 
 Dog Creek and in the combats on Shuter Creek and the north 
 branch of Solomon River. He commanded a company during the 
 Canadian River expedition and in camp near Fort Lyon, Col., during 
 the winter and spring of 1868-69, and marched with a battalion of 
 the regiment across the country to Fort McPherson, Neb., and 
 was engaged en route, during the month of May, in combats with 
 hostile Sioux and Cheyennes on Beaver and Spring creeks. He 
 participated in the Republican River expedition of 1869, and was 
 engaged in the affairs near Spring Creek, in the sand-hills near 
 Frenchman's Fork, at Rock Creek, and in the brilliant action at 
 Summit Springs, where he was distinguished for gallantry. 
 
 He served at Fort McPherson, Neb., and Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., from July 23, 1869, to March 1, 1870, when he died, about 
 three o'clock p.m., from the effects of a pistol-shot wound which was 
 received on the morning of that day, during an altercation with a 
 clerk of the quartermaster's department. 
 
 He was a man of marked energy but very erratic, brave to a 
 fault, and sacrificed his life in seeking redress for an affront which 
 
f)24 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 wus beneath his notice. His remains rest, in accordance with the 
 expressed wishes of his near relatives, in the cemetery at Fort 
 D. A. Russell, Wyo. 
 
 84. Frank C. Morehead was born in Kentucky. He was 
 appointed, from Missouri, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from September 4, 1867, and joined at Atlanta, Ga,, on 
 the 20th of November, where he served, with occasional tours of 
 detached service in Kentucky and Alabama, until the 24th of 
 August, 1868, when, the appointment having expired by consti- 
 tutional limitation, his name was dropped from the rolls of the 
 army, to date from August 9, 1868. He was reappointed in the 
 regiment March 11, 1869, with his original rank, and was promoted 
 a first lieutenant January 3, 1870. 
 
 He rejoined the regiment at Atlanta, Ga., and served at that 
 station until the 12th of April, when he was transferred to frontier 
 service and participated in the Republican River expedition of 1869, 
 and was engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant action 
 at Summit Springs, the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, 
 and in the Niobrara pursuit. He was then detached from the 
 expedition and served in the field at Plum Creek, Neb., until 
 November, 1869, when he was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., where he had station (employed on field-service during the 
 spring and summer of 1870) until the 1st of October, 1870, when, 
 upon the reduction of the army, he was honorably discharged from 
 the service, at his own request, under the provisions of the act of 
 Congress of July 15, 1870. 
 
 He returned to Louisville, Ky., and engaged in civil pursuits. 
 
 85. Bernard Reilly, Jr., was born in Pennsylvania. He 
 served during the war of the Rebellion as a second lieutenant in 
 the Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry from November 18, 1861, to 
 July 1, 1863, and thereafter as a first lieutenant in the same regi- 
 ment until April 21, 1864, when he resigned and returned to civil 
 pursuits. He served chiefly with the Western armies, and was 
 wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. 
 
MILITARY RECORD8 OF OFFICERS. 525 
 
 He was appointed, from Pennsylvania, a second lieutenant in 
 the Fifth Cavalry, to date from May 4, 1868, and was promoted a 
 first lieutenant March 1, 1870. He joined at Washington on the 
 8th of September, where he had station until March, 1870. He 
 was then transferred to the frontier and served at Fort D. A. 
 Russell, Wyo., and Fort McPherson, Neb., having occasional tours 
 of field service, until November, 1871, when he accompanied the first 
 detachment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the 
 Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Grant in 
 January, 1872, where he had station until the next October. He 
 then availed himself of a leave of absence until January, 1874, 
 when he rejoined at Camp Apache, and participated in the Apache 
 campaign of 1874, and was engaged in the affairs (two) in the 
 Santa Teresa Mountains, near old Camp Pinal, near Pinal Creek 
 (where he won a special mention in the official report), and in 
 seven minor affairs, during the month of April, in the Pinal and 
 Santa Teresa Mountains. He also commanded an expedition to 
 the canon of Chevlon's Fork of the Little Colorado River, where, 
 on the 23d of October, 1874, he inflicted a severe punishment upon 
 a band of predatory Indians. He was twice nominated to the 
 United States Senate to be a brevet captain, to date from April 1, 
 1874, for gallant conduct in action with Apache Indians at Apache 
 (Pinal) Creek. 
 
 He then served at Camp Apache and San Carlos Agency, com- 
 manding Indian scouts and performing the duties of commissary 
 and quartermaster, until February, 1875, when he availed himself 
 of a sick-leave of absence and rejoined his company at Fort Lyon, 
 Col., and proceeded to Fort Gibson, I. T., where he arrived on 
 the 9th of September, and served as commissary and adjutant un- 
 til June, 1876. He then proceeded to Cheyenne and participated 
 in the Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming, Dakota, and Mon- 
 tana, and was engaged in the affairs near the south branch of 
 Cheyenne River and at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., and 
 the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 He was assigned, upon the disbandment of the expedition in 
 October, to Fort D. A. Russell, where he had station until the 4th 
 of June, 1878, when he resigned his commission and engaged in 
 the practice of law at Topeka, Kan. 
 
526 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ?'• 92. Earl D. Thomas whs born in Illinois. He served during 
 the war of the Kebellion as a private, corporal, and sergeant-major 
 in the Eighth Illinois Cavalry from April 1, 1862, to April 23, 
 1865, when he was discharged from volunteer service, having ac- 
 cepted a cadet appointment to the Military Academy. 
 
 He served with the Army of the Potomac and participated in 
 the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost 
 daily skirmishes with the enemy during the advance towards Rich- 
 mond, in General Stoneman's raid towards Mechanicsville, in the 
 seven days' battles ending in the evacuation of the Peninsula, the 
 battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the actions at Darnes- 
 town and Boonsboro, the cavalry campaign in Loudon Valley, 
 the battles of Fredericksburg, Beverly Ford, and Gettysburg, the 
 action at Falling Waters, and other engagements of less impor- 
 tance. He served with the cavalry corps, 1863-64, and. at Wash- 
 ington and Fairfax Court-House, 1864—65. 
 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 15th of 
 June, 1869, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieuten- 
 ant, and was promoted a first lieutenant March 1, 1872. He joined 
 at Fort McPherson, Neb., on the 30th of September, 1869, where 
 he served, with occasional tours of field-service, until March, 1872. 
 He had a successful combat (commanding) with hostile Sioux at 
 Red Willow Creek, Neb., June 8, 1870, and was highly com- 
 mended in general orders for conspicuous gallantry upon that 
 occasion. 
 
 When the first detachment of the regiment 'moved from Fort 
 McPherson in November, 1871, to Arizona, he was continued on 
 duty at that station in charge of public property until March, 
 1872, when he proceeded to Omaha as a witness before the United 
 States court, and in June conducted a detachment of recruits, by 
 the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, 
 and arrived at Camp McDowell in August. 
 
 He participated in the Apache campaigns of 1872-74, and was 
 engaged in the affair north of the Four Peaks, the action at the 
 Caves in Salt River Canon, the affairs on Pinto Creek, in the Music 
 Mountains, in the Diamond River country and in the Cerbat 
 Mountains. He was also employed in making a wagon road re- 
 connaissance from Camp McDowell to Wickenberg in October, 
 1872 ; in superintending the removal of Jamaspaie's band of Apache- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS <>F OFFICERS. . 527 
 
 Mojaves from the Colorado River to the Verde Reservation in 
 June, 1873; as quartermaster and commissary at Camp Eualpai, 
 preparatory to the abandonment of the station, July-August, 
 1873; in operating against hostile Apaches in the Santa Maria, 
 Bradshaw, and New River Mountains, December, 1873 ; in oper- 
 ating against the Ilualpais with Apache-Mojave scouts, Feb- 
 ruary-April, 1874, until he compelled all the Indians belonging 
 to that tribe to surrender at the La Paz Reservation ; and as 
 depot quartermaster at Fort Whipple from July, 1874, to June, 
 1875. 
 
 He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a 
 brevet captain, to date from December 28, 1872, for gallant con- 
 duct in the engagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the Caves ; 
 and a brevet major, to date from April 4, 1874, for distinguished 
 services in the campaign against the Hualpai Indians. 
 
 He was appointed, March 22, 1875, an aide-de-camp for Bre- 
 vet Major-General Kautz, commanding the Department of Arizo- 
 na, and engineer officer on the department staff, and discharged 
 the duties of these positions until March 6, 1878, when he was re- 
 lieved from duty as an aide-de-camp by the retirement of Brevet 
 Major-General Kautz from the command of the department, but 
 continued to serve as engineer officer on the department staff until 
 April 30, 1878. 
 
 He was also employed during this period as a quartermaster from 
 September 2, 1875, to April 16, 1870, in connection with the con- 
 struction of military roads in Arizona, and his operations included 
 the reconnaissance and construction of wagon roads from Prescott 
 to Skull Valley and from Prescott to Camps Verde and McDowell. 
 The department commander mentions his excellent management 
 in the annual report for 1875-76, and says " that the aid furnished 
 through the military service has had the effect to secure the 
 greatest possible amount of work that could be obtained out of the 
 money appropriated, probably nearly doubling the result that 
 would have been obtained had the work been let to contractors." 
 He also made new surveys of Camps Grant (including the timber 
 lands of Mount Graham), Verde, Thomas, Apache, and McDowell. 
 After nearly six years of important and conspicuous service in 
 Arizona he availed himself of a leave of absence until October, 
 1878, when he rejoined the regiment at Fort Washakie, Wyo., and 
 
528 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 commanded a company at that station until January, 1880, and. 
 was employed during May and June, 1879, in constructing a 
 wagon road from Fort Washakie to Rawlins, Wyo., and on escort 
 duty during August and September, 1879, with a United States 
 surveying party in the Yellowstone Park. 
 
 He was then assigned to the important position of quarter- 
 master at Rawlins, Wyo., where he was charged with the duty of 
 forwarding supplies to the troops on Snake and White rivers until 
 June, 1880, when he was appointed property quartermaster at the 
 headquarters of the Department of the Platte, and is now serving 
 at Omaha, Neb., in the discharge of the duties of that position. 
 
 93. Charles H. Rockwell was born in Ohio. He was gradu- 
 ated from the Military Academy on the 15th of June, 1869, and 
 assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant August 29, 1872. He served at the 
 Academy as an assistant instructor of artillery until the 28th of 
 August, when he availed himself of the graduating leave of absence 
 and joined at Fort McPherson, Neb., on the 30th of November, 
 where he had station, with occasional tours of field-service, until 
 November, 1871, when he accompanied the first detachment of the 
 regiment (commissary and quartermaster), by the way of San 
 Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at 
 Camp Grant in January, 1872, where he served as a company 
 commander, commissary, and quartermaster until October, when 
 he was appointed regimental quartermaster, to date from August 
 29, 1872, and held the position until October 5, 1876. He joined 
 the headquarters at Camp McDowell on the 14th of December, 
 but, a few days later, joined the troops in the field and participated 
 in the Apache campaign of 1873, and was engaged in the affair 
 on Pinto Creek. He was twice nominated to the United States 
 Senate to be a brevet captain, to date from April 9, 1873, for 
 gallant conduct in the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache 
 Indians. He was a member of a board of officers which was con- 
 vened at Los Angeles and San Francisco for the purchase of 
 cavalry horses, April-July, 1873, and then availed himself of a 
 leave of absence until January, 1874, when he conducted a detach- 
 ment from Benicia Barracks to Arizona, and rejoined the regi- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 029 
 
 mental headquarters at Camp Lowell in March, where he served as 
 commissary and quartermaster until May, 1875. He then marched 
 with the headquarters, by the way of Fort Bayard, Santa Fe, and 
 Fort Union, to Fort Lyon, and proceeded thence to Fort Hays, 
 Kan., where he arrived on the 29th of June, and served as quarter- 
 master, with occasional details as commissary and adjutant (acting 
 regimental adjutant, November 15, 1875-March 20, 1876), until 
 April, 1876, when he was appointed a member of a board of 
 officers which was convened for the purchase of cavalry horses, 
 and continued on that duty until July. He then proceeded to 
 Fort Laramie, Wyo., for the purpose of participating in the Sioux 
 campaign in Northern Wyoming, Dakota, and Montana ; but,, 
 being unable to overtake the regiment, was assigned, in August,. 
 to Fort D. A. Eussell, Wyo., where he was employed in arming 
 and equipping recruits for the cavalry regiments in the field until 
 November, when he was appointed chief commissary of the Powder 
 River expedition, and served in that position until February, 1877. 
 He then had station at Fort D. A. Russell until May, when he 
 entered upon a tour of field-service in Northern Wyoming which 
 continued until October. He was engaged in the operations 
 against the hostile Nez Perces, and commanded the escort on 
 duty with the lieutenant-general of the army from Fort Washakie, 
 Wyo., by the way of the Big Horn Mountains, to Fort Custer,. 
 Mon. He then served at Fort McPherson until January, 1878, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence until the 29th of 
 June. He rejoined at Fort McPherson and commanded a company 
 until September 20, 1878, when he was selected for recruiting 
 service and had stations at St. Louis and Boston until October,. 
 1880; when he was transferred to Cincinnati and thence to Jeffer- 
 son Barracks, where he had station until January, 1882, when he 
 rejoined at Fort Sidney, Neb., where he has since served, with 
 occasional tours of detached service, being employed at times as a. 
 company commander, post adjutant, quartermaster, commissary,, 
 and as acting regimental adjutant. 
 
 94. Adolphus W. Greely was born at Newburyport, Mass. 
 He served during the war of the Rebellion as a private, corporal, and 
 first sergeant in the Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers from 
 34 
 
530 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 July 26, 1861, to March 18, 1863, when he was appointed a second 
 lieutenant in the Eighty-first United States Colored Troops. He 
 was promoted, in that regiment, a first lieutenant April 26, 1864, 
 and a captain April 4, 1865. He participated in the action at 
 Ball's Bluff, the siege of Yorktown, the action at West Point, 
 the battle of Fair Oaks, the affair before Richmond known as 
 Heintzelman's skirmish, the action at Peach Orchard, the skir- 
 mish at Savage Station, the battles of White Oak Swamp (wounded) 
 and Malvern Hill, the affair near Fairfax Court-House, the battle 
 of Antietam (twice wounded, and in hospital until November 10, 
 1862) ; with the forlorn hope that crossed the Rappahannock De- 
 cember 11, 1862, and in the battle of Fredericksburg. He was 
 then transferred to the West and participated in the siege of Port 
 Hudson. His regiment was mustered out of service November 1, 
 1866, but he was retained until March 22, 1867, when he was 
 honorably discharged and made a brevet major of volunteers, 
 to date from March 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 He was appointed, from Louisiana, a second lieutenant in the 
 Thirty-sixth (present Seventh) Infantry March 7, 1867, and was 
 employed for some time on recruiting service for the Thirty-ninth 
 Infantry and Ninth Cavalry. He was transferred, upon the reduc- 
 tion of the army, to the Second Artillery, to date from July 14, 
 1869, but the order was subsequently revoked and he was assigned, 
 August 7, 1869, to the Fifth Cavalry with the same date, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant May 27, 1873. He was serving as acting 
 chief signal officer of the Department of the Platte when he was 
 transferred to the regiment, and continued on that duty until 
 March, 1871, when he joined his company at Fort Laramie, Wyo., 
 where he served as a company commander, commissary, and quar- 
 termaster until July, when he was assigned to duty in the office of 
 the chief signal officer of the army, where he served until June, 
 1881, and was employed as a station inspector, as superintendent 
 of the construction of military telegraph lines in Texas, and as a 
 general assistant in the Washington office. He was assigned to the 
 command of the Arctic expedition of 1880, but the order was 
 subsequently revoked because of an unfavorable report made by 
 a board of naval officers upon the vessel which had been selected 
 for the service. The Lady Franklin Bay expedition was then 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 531 
 
 organized during the spring and summer of 1881, and in July he 
 sailed from St. John's, N. F., in command, with the intention of 
 remaining absent for two years. The object of the expedition 
 is to establish a supply and meteorological station at Lady Franklin 
 Bay and make explorations northward from that place. Lieu- 
 tenant Greely was for six years a student of Arctic explorations, 
 and his experiences of twelve years in the signal service of the 
 army, particularly in compiling observations and forecasting the 
 daily weather reports, have been such as to qualify him for the 
 scientific part of the work, and it is hoped that the result of his 
 researches will add valuable information to the subject of Arctic 
 explorations. 
 
 95. Phineas P. Barnard was born in New York. He served 
 during the war of the Rebellion as an assistant quartermaster of 
 volunteers, with the rank of captain, from May 13, 1863, to Decem- 
 ber 6, 18G5, and was made a brevet major of volunteers, to date 
 from March 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services. He 
 was appointed, from Michigan, a second lieutenant in the Fourth 
 Infantry, to date from March 7, 1867, and was made, to date from 
 the same day, a brevet first lieutenant and a brevet captain for 
 faithful and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 He served at Fort Laramie, Wyo., until March 23, 1869, when he 
 was placed on the list of unassigned officers, where he remained 
 until July 14, 1869, when he was transferred to the Fifth Cavalry. 
 He was promoted a first lieutenant June 4, 1875. He joined at 
 Fort McPherson, Neb., in September, 1869, where he had station, 
 with occasional tours of field-service, until November, 1871, when 
 he accompanied the first detachment of the regiment, by the way 
 of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and 
 arrived at Camp McDowell in January, 1872, where he served as 
 commissary and quartermaster until June, and thereafter as receiv- 
 ing and shipping quartermaster at Ehrenberg, on the Colorado 
 River, until May, 1875, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until September. He then joined at Fort Hays, Kan., 
 and served at that station, Fort Robinson and Fort McPherson, 
 Neb., and Fort McKinney, Wyo., until October, 1879, and was 
 chiefly employed as commissary and quartermaster and command- 
 
532 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ing a company during the summer of 1878. He was ordered before 
 a Retiring Board in December, 1879, and, having been found incapa- 
 citated for active service, was granted a sick-leave of absence until 
 further orders. 
 
 96. William P. Hall was born in Missouri. He was gradu- 
 ated from the Military Academy on the 15th of June, 1868, and 
 assigned to the Nineteenth Infantry as a second lieutenant. He 
 served with his regiment at Batesville, Ark., until March 31, 1869, 
 when he was placed on the list of unassigned officers, where he 
 remained until July 14, 1869, when he was transferred to the Fifth 
 Cavalry, and was promoted a first lieutenant July 1, 1876. He 
 joined at Fort McPherson, Neb., August 22, 1869, and served with 
 the Republican River expedition until November, and was engaged 
 in the affair on Prairie Dog Creek. He then had stations at Fort 
 McPherson, Plum Creek, and North Platte, with occasional tours 
 of field-service, until November, 1871, when he availed himself of 
 a leave of absence until February, 1872. He then rejoined at Fort 
 D. A. Russell, Wyo., and a few weeks later accompanied a detach- 
 ment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf 
 of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Crittenden in June, 
 where he commanded a company and the post until January, 1873, 
 and was charged with the difficult duty of protecting the settlers 
 in the Senoita Valley against the incursions of predatory Apaches 
 who infested the border. During this period he had three affairs 
 (in the Valley) and one combat (Whetstone Mountains) with the 
 enemy, and conducted his operations with so much energy and 
 judgment as to win the congratulations of the department com- 
 mander. He participated in the Apache campaign of 1873 ; served 
 as commissary (relieved July, 1874) and quartermaster at Camp 
 Grant from October, 1873, to September, 1874, when he availed 
 himself of a sick-leave of absence until September, 1875. He 
 was then assigned to temporary duty at St. Louis Barracks, where 
 he served until December, when he rejoined at Fort Dodge, Kan., 
 where he had station (post adjutant) until June, 1876, when he 
 was appointed acting regimental quartermaster, and participated 
 in the Sioux campaign in Northern Wyoming and in the Big 
 Horn and Yellowstone expedition of 1876, and was engaged in 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 533 
 
 the affair at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), "Wyo., and in the skir- 
 mish at Slim Buttes, Dak. He was appointed regimental quarter- 
 master October 5, 1876, and had station at Fort D. A. Russell 
 until April, 1880. He was also employed as quartermaster for the 
 Wind River expedition of 1877, for the field operations of the 
 regiment in Northern Wyoming during the summer of 1878, and 
 as chief quartermaster for the expedition against the hostile Utes 
 of Colorado during the fall of 1879, and participated in raising the 
 siege and actiou of Milk Creek, Col., and in the affair (command- 
 ing) at Rifle Creek, Col., October 20, 1879, where he repelled the 
 attacks of a superior force of the enemy and successfully extri- 
 cated his small command from a perilous position. He changed 
 station in April, 1880, to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he served as 
 post and regimental quartermaster until August, 1882, when he 
 was transferred with the regimental headquarters to Fort Sidney, 
 Neb., where he is now serving as post and regimental quarter- 
 master and commissary of subsistence. 
 
 97. Walter S. Schuyler was born in New York. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the loth of June, 1870, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant July 29, 1876. He joined at Fort D. 
 A. Russell, Wyo., on the 9th of October, where he served (on 
 escort duty with a surveying party during the summer of 1871) 
 until December, 1871, when he accompanied the second detach- 
 ment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf 
 of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp McDowell in 
 February, 1872, where he had station, with occasional tours of 
 detached duty, until June. He then entered upon a tour of field 
 service, which continued, with few interruptions, until Feb- 
 ruary. 1875. He participated in all the Apache campaigns of 
 that period, and Avas engaged in the brilliant action at Muclios 
 Cafions ; the affairs on the Santa Maria, Sycamore Creek, and in 
 the Red Rock country ; the actions (commanding) on Pinto Creek, 
 on Lost River, on the Black Mesa, on the cast branch of the Verde 
 River, on Cave Creek, on Canon Creek, in the Superstition and 
 Arivapa mountains ; near the Gila River, in the Mazatzal Moun- 
 tains ; on the west side of the Four Peaks ; in the Four Peaks, and 
 
534 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 near the north peak of the Mazatzal Mountains. He superintended 
 the removal of the Apache-Yuma Indians from Camp Date Creek 
 to the Verde reservation in May, 1873, and was in charge of the 
 agency for several months. He was among the most active, untir- 
 ing, and successful of the young officers who participated in the 
 Apache campaigns of 1872-75, and was twice nominated to the 
 United States Senate to be a brevet first lieutenant, to date from 
 September 25, 1872, for gallant conduct in the engagement at 
 Muchos Canons ; a brevet captain, to date from June 20, 1873, for 
 gallant conduct in. the engagement on Lost River; a brevet major, 
 to date from April 28, 1874, for gallantry in the action at Salt 
 Kiver ; and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from May 14, 1874, 
 for gallant conduct in the engagement in the Red Eock country. 
 
 He availed himself, in April, 1875, of a leave of absence and 
 visited Europe, and upon his return to the United States re- 
 joined at Fort Hays, Kan., in March, 1876, and served as acting 
 regimental adjutant until the 1st of June, when he Avas appointed 
 an aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General George Crook, and imme- 
 diately proceeded to Fort Fetterman, whence he made a daring 
 march, with a few men, across the country, which was infested 
 with hostile Sioux, to Goose Creek, Wyo., where he joined the 
 general and participated in the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedi- 
 tion and was engaged in the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. He 
 participated in the Powder River expedition during the winter of 
 1876-77, and was engaged in the brilliant action at Bates Creek 
 (north branch of Powder River), where he was distinguished for 
 good judgment and conspicuous gallantry. He served with the 
 expedition against the hostile Utes of Colorado during the march 
 from Rawlins, Wyo., in October, 1879, to the relief of the besieged 
 troops on Milk Creek, Col., and participated in raising the siege 
 and action at that place on the 5th. He was on a leave of absence 
 from January, 1880, to January, 1882, when he was relieved, at his 
 own request, from duty as an aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General 
 George Crook, and joined his company at Fort Sidney, Neb., where 
 he is now serving. 
 
 98. Frank Michler was born in New York. He was gradu- 
 ated from the Military Academy on the 15th of June, 1870, and 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 535 
 
 assigned to the Fifth Oavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant November 12, 1870. lie joined at 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., on the 9th of October, where he had 
 station (serving at Chug Water, August-September, 1871) until 
 December, 1871, when he accompanied the second detachment of 
 the regiment by the way of San Francisco en route to Arizona. 
 He was detached at San Diego and marched overland, in charge 
 of men and horses, to Fort Yuma, where he rejoined his company 
 and arrived at Camp Hualpai in February, 1872. He was engaged 
 in a skirmish in the Big Canon of Bill Williams' Fork on the 
 5th of July, 1872. He participated in the Apache campaigns 
 of 1872-73, and was engaged in the brilliant action at Muchos 
 Canons, the affairs on the Santa Maria and Sycamore Creek, the 
 actions (commanding) on Oak Creek, Sycamore Creek, in the 
 Eed Rocks, on Clear Creek, on Tonto Creek, and in the Mazatzal 
 Mountains. He was twice nominated to the United States Senate 
 to be a brevet first lieutenant, to date from September 25, 1872, 
 for gallant conduct in the engagement at Muchos Canons ; and a 
 brevet captain, to date from January 22, 1873, for gallant conduct 
 in an engagement at the head of Tonto Creek. He served at 
 Camp Hualpai from the 10th of April to the 5th of July, 1873, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence until January 10, 
 1874, when he was appointed an aide-de-camp for Major-General 
 Schofield, and served at San Francisco and West Point until July 
 1, 1878, and thereafter as adjutant of the Military Academy until 
 February 28, 1881. He was then relieved and granted a leave 
 of absence until October, when he joined his company at Fort 
 Niobrara, Neb. He was employed during April, May, and June, 
 1882, in making a survey of a part of South-west Dakota, with a 
 view to laying out a wagon road across the Sioux reservation, in 
 accordance with treaty stipulations, the road beginning at Fort 
 Niobrara, Neb. 
 
 He changed station, in August, 1882, to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., and thence, in November, to Fort Sidney, Neb., where he 
 is now serving. 
 
 99. George B. Davis was born in Massachusetts. He served 
 during the war of the Rebellion as a sergeant, quartermaster- 
 
536 MILITAKY EECOEDS OF OFFICEES. 
 
 sergeant, and second lieutenant in the First Massachusetts Cavalry 
 from September 10, 1863, to July 16, 1865, when he was discharged, 
 to date from June 26, 1865. He participated in the Richmond and 
 Petersburg campaigns of 1864-65, and was engaged in the battles 
 of the Wilderness and Todd's Tavern ; in General Sheridan's 
 cavalry raid (May, 1864) ; the actions at Beaver Dam, Yellow 
 Tavern, and Meadow Bridge ; the battle of Hawes' Shop ; the 
 actions on the Jerusalem Plank Road ; the siege of Petersburg, 
 including the actions (three) on the Weldon Railway, Strawberry 
 Plains, Deep Bottom, Ream's Station, and Hatcher's Run. He 
 served at the headquarters of the armies operating against Rich- 
 mond, March-May, 1865, and at the headquarters of the Army of 
 the Potomac, May-June, 1865. 
 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of 
 June, 1871, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, 
 and was promoted a first lieutenant May 9, 1877. He joined at 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., on the 29th of September, where he 
 had station until December, when he accompanied the second 
 detachment of the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and 
 the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Bowie 
 in February, 1872, where he served as commissary and quarter- 
 master until the 19th of August. He was then assigned to field- 
 service at Calabasas, where he remained until November, when he 
 returned to Camp Bowie and served, with occasional tours of field- 
 service, until August 9, 1873, when he was assigned to duty at the 
 Military Academy as assistant professor of Spanish from August 
 30, 1873, to August 28, 1875 ; as assistant professor of French from 
 the 12th of January to the 21st of September, 1876 ; as assistant 
 professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology from January 16, 
 1877, to January 12, 1878 ; and as principal assistant professor of 
 Spanish from August 28, 1875, to August 28, 1878. He rejoined 
 the regiment in the Department of the Platte in September, 1878, 
 and participated (commanding company), during October, in the 
 pursuit of hostile Cheyennes northward from Sidney into the 
 sand-hills of North-western Nebraska. He then marched to Fort 
 Washakie, Wyo., where he had station as a company commander 
 until December, when he was transferred to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 where he served as a company commander, commissary, quarter- 
 master, and ordnance officer until April, 1880, when he was 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OP OFFICERS. 537 
 
 transferred to Fort Niobrara, in Northern Nebraska, where he lias 
 since served, with occasional tours of detached service and Leaves of 
 absence, as a company commander, commissary, and quartermaster. 
 
 100. Charles D. Parkhurst was born at Roxbury, Mass. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 
 1872, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, 
 and was promoted a first lieutenant August 23, 1878. He availed 
 himself of the graduating leave until the 23d of September, when 
 he was assigned to duty at Benicia Barracks (conducting recruits 
 to Nevada) and San Francisco until the 19th of October, when he 
 sailed on the steamship Neivbern as commissary and quartermaster 
 for a detachment of recruits, by the way of the Gulf of California 
 and the Colorado River, to Arizona, and joined his company at 
 Camp Date Creek on the 29th of November. He participated in 
 the Apache campaign of 1872-73, and was engaged in the affairs 
 on the north fork of Baby Canon (commanding) ; in repulsing a 
 night attack at the forks of Baby Canon ; at Indian Run, and 
 on the east branch of the Verde River. He served as adjutant at 
 Camp Date Creek, March-May, 1873, and as adjutant, company 
 commander, signal officer, commissary, and quartermaster at Camp 
 McDowell (commanding post July-September, 1874) until May, 
 1875, having occasional tours of field-service. He participated in 
 the Apache campaign of 1874, and was engaged in three affairs 
 in the Arivapa and Mazatzal mountains during April and May, 
 1874. He was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be 
 a brevet first lieutenant, to date from January 1, 1873, for gallant 
 conduct in the Tonto Basin. He was on a leave of absence from 
 the 14th of May to the 14th of October, 1875, when he rejoined at 
 Fort Hays, Kan., where he had station, with occasional tours of 
 field-service, until July 17, 1876. He then proceeded by rail to 
 Cheyenne, and marched thence to Goose Creek, Wyo., where he 
 joined the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition and was engaged 
 in the skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandmentof the expedition at Fort Robinson, Neb., 
 in October, he was assigned to Fort McPherson, Neb., where he 
 had station until August, 1877, and was employed in Omaha 
 during the railway riots of July, 1877. He then participated in 
 
538 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 the operations of the Wind River expedition against the Nez 
 Perces during September and October, 1877, and upon the dis- 
 bandment of the expedition was assigned to Fort McKinney, 
 Wyo., where he had station, with occasional tours of field- service, 
 until September, 1878. He then availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until July, 1879, when he rejoined at Fort McPherson 
 and commanded a company at that station and during the opera- 
 tions of the expedition against the hostile Utes of Colorado until 
 October, and thereafter served on company duty until January, 
 1880, when he was appointed quartermaster of the Ute expedition, 
 and discharged the duties of the position until May, 1880, when he 
 rejoined his company at Fort Robinson, where he served chiefly 
 as quartermaster until March, 1882. He then changed station 
 to Fort Sidney, Neb., where he served as a company commander 
 and quartermaster until August, when he was transferred to 
 Fort McKinney, where he is now serving as a company comman- 
 der. 
 
 101. Charles H. Watts was born in New York. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 1872, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant April 2, 1879. He availed himself of 
 the graduating leave until the 26th of September, when he was 
 assigned to duty at Benicia Barracks until the 19th of October, 
 when he sailed on the steamship Newbern with a detachment of 
 recruits, by the way of the Gulf of California and the Colorado 
 River, to Arizona, and joined the regiment at Camp Lowell on 
 the 30th of November, and conducted a detachment of recruits 
 to Camp McDowell, and proceeded thence to Camp Grant, where 
 he arrived on the 27th of December, and was employed as quarter- 
 master until February 1, 1873, when he joined his company in 
 the field and participated in the Apache campaign of that year. 
 He was present at the outbreak at the San Carlos Agency which 
 resulted in the death of Lieutenant Almy, and was engaged 
 in the affairs in the Santa Teresa Mountains and near the San 
 Carlos Agency. He commanded a company at San Carlos Agency 
 and Camp Grant, with few interruptions, from May, 1873, to 
 January, 1875, and was employed in garrison duties, with occasional 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 539 
 
 tours of field-service. He was twice nominated to the United 
 States Senate to be a brevet first lieutenant, to date from April 9, 
 1873, for gallant conduct in the closing campaign against the 
 Ton to- Apache Indians. 
 
 lie marched, in May, 1875, with the first detachment of the 
 regiment, by the way of the Rio Grande, Santa Fe, and Fort 
 Union, to Fort Lyon, Col., where he arrived on the 25th of June 
 and had station until October. He then availed himself of a 
 leave of absence until January, 1870, when he rejoined at Fort 
 Lyon, where he served until the 5th of June. He then pro- 
 ceeded by rail to Cheyenne, and marched thence to the Black 
 Hills of "Wyoming and participated in the operations against the 
 hostile Sioux until the 7th of July, when he was wounded by the 
 accidental discharge of a pistol and disabled for duty until De- 
 cember, when he rejoined at Fort McPherson, Neb., where he had 
 station until November, 1877. He was employed at Chicago 
 (commanding company) during the railway riots of July, 1877, 
 and participated in the operations of the Wind River expedition 
 against the Nez Perees (commanding company) during September 
 and October, 1877. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition he was assigned to 
 Fort McKinney, Wyo., where he served until May, 1878, when he 
 entered upon a tour of field-service with a battalion of the regi- 
 ment, which continued until December. He was then assigned to 
 Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he had station until September, 
 1879, when he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until 
 April, 1880. He then rejoined at Fort D. A. Russell, and soon 
 thereafter was transferred to Camp Sheridan, Neb., where he 
 served as a post and company commander until May, 1881, when 
 he changed station to Fort Robinson, Neb., where he is now 
 serving. 
 
 102. Robert London was born in North Carolina. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 13th of June, 1873, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant May 1, 1879. He reported at damp 
 Lowell, A. T., on the 18th of November, and joined his company 
 at Camp Grant on the 12th of December. He participated in the 
 
540 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Apache campaign of 1874, and was engaged in the combat near old 
 Camp Pinal ; the affairs (six) in the Piual and Santa Teresa moun- 
 tains ; north of San Carlos Agency and on the south side of Salt 
 River, south-east of the Big Canon (where the murderer of Lieu- 
 tenant Almy was killed). He was commended in the official report 
 for valuable services during these operations, and was twice nomi- 
 nated to the United States Senate to be a brevet first lieutenant, to 
 date from April 3, 1874, for gallant and distinguished services in the 
 campaign against the San Carlos Apache Indians. He served as 
 commissary at San Carlos Agency, May-November, 1874, and at 
 Camp Apache, with tours of field-service, until June, 1875, when 
 he returned to San Carlos in command of a company; but orders 
 having arrived for the transfer of the regiment to the Department 
 of the Missouri, he returned to Camp Apache in July, and 
 marched, by the way of Fort Wingate, Santa Fe, and Fort Union, 
 to Fort Lyon, Col., and proceeded thence to Fort Gibson, I. T., 
 where he arrived in September and served as adjutant and 
 commissary until December. He then availed himself of a leave 
 of absence until February, 1876, when he was assigned to duty at 
 St. Louis Barracks, where he served until June, when he rejoined 
 his company and participated in the campaign against the hostile 
 Sioux in the Black Hills of Wyoming and in the Big Horn and 
 Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged in the affairs on the 
 south branch of Cheyenne Eiver and at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), 
 Wyo., and in the skirmishes at Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, 
 Neb., in October, he was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where 
 he had station until June, 1879, and was employed during the 
 summer of 1877 as quartermaster for a battalion of the Fifth 
 Cavalry operating in Northern Wyoming and in field operations 
 in Idaho Territory during the summer of 1878. He commanded 
 a company, with few interruptions, from December, 1878, to 
 December, 1880; served at Fort McKinney, Wyo., from July to 
 October, 1879, and marched thence to Rawlins, Wyo., where he 
 served with the reserve of the Ute expedition until November, 
 lie was then assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, where he had station 
 until April, 1880, when he was transferred to Fort Laramie, Wyo., 
 where he is now serving. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 541 
 
 103. George 0. Eaton whs born in M;iinc. lie enlisted 
 in the Fifteenth Maine (veteran) Volunteers, at Belfast, on the 
 1st of February, 1865, and served in the Shenandoah Valley until 
 the assassination of President Lincoln, when his regiment was 
 dispatched to Washington and employed on guard-duty during 
 the trial of the conspirators. His regiment was transferred to 
 Savannah, Ga., after the Grand Review, as part of an army 
 intended to operate against the French troops in Mexico, and 
 remained there for some time, when it was ordered to George- 
 town, 8. C., and he was honorably discharged at Hilton Head on 
 the 11th of August, 1865. Four years later he accepted an 
 appointment to the Military Academy, where he was graduated on 
 the 13th of June, 1873, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a 
 second lieutenant, and was promoted a first lieutenant May 1, 
 1879. He was assigned to duty with a detachment of recruits at 
 Benicia Barracks, Cal., and sailed, by the way of the Gulf of 
 California and the Colorado River, to Fort Yuma, and marched 
 thence to Camp Verde, where he arrived on the 19th of December, 
 and served during his tour of duty in Arizona as a company 
 commander, commissary, and quartermaster. He participated in 
 the Apache campaign of 1874, and was engaged in the combat at 
 Sunset Pass and in the affairs (two) at Snow Lake, near Jarvis 
 Pass (commanding), and was twice nominated to the United 
 States Senate to be a brevet first lieutenant, to date from Decem- 
 ber 5, 1874, for gallant and distinguished conduct in a scout 
 made by him through the country in the neighborhood of Jarvis 
 Pass and Little Colorado River during November, 1874. He 
 commanded a company of Indian scouts at the Verde Reserva- 
 tion, and later the escort which conducted the Verde Indians to 
 San Carlos Agency, and rendered important service on the east 
 branch of the Verde River, where the Indians engaged in a tight 
 among themselves, which resulted in a loss of eighteen killed and 
 fifty wounded before he could interpose his authority and restore 
 order. He had only sixteen men, and the occasion demanded 
 the exercise of rare judgment and superb courage. His report of 
 the affair was submitted just as the change of department com- 
 manders was made, and but for this his services upon that trying 
 occasion would have received a conspicuous mention. 
 
 He marched, in May, 1875, from Camp Verde, by the way of 
 
542 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Fort Wingate, Santa Fe, and Fort Union, to Fort Lyon, Col., 
 and proceeded thence to Fort Hays, Kan., where he arrived on 
 the 29th of June and had station, with occasional tours of field- 
 service, until May, 1876, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until July. He then rejoined his company and partici- 
 pated in the campaign against the hostile Sioux in the Black 
 Hills of Wyoming, and was serving with the Big Horn and Yellow- 
 stone expedition when he was wounded at Rose Bud Creek, Mon., 
 on the 7th of August, by the accidental discharge of a pistol 
 while he was attempting to check a night stampede of the horses 
 belonging to his company. He served with the command to the 
 mouth of Powder River, when he was detached for medical treat- 
 ment, and rejoined at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., in September, 
 where he had station until July, 1879 (sick-leave, April, 1877, to 
 February, 1878 ; commissary and quartermaster, April, 1878, to 
 July, 1879), when he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence until 
 October, 1880. He then rejoined at Fort Laramie, Wyo., where 
 he served until July, 1881, when he was detached to Tongue 
 River, Mon., for escort duty to the Yellowstone Park with the 
 lieutenant-general of the army ; and upon the completion of this 
 duty in September he returned to Fort Laramie, where he served 
 until the summer of 1882, when he availed himself of a leave of 
 absence until March, 1883. 
 
 104. Hoel S. Bishop was born in Wisconsin. He was gradu- 
 ated from the Military Academy on the loth of June, 1873, and 
 assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant, and was 
 promoted a first lieutenant June 1, 1879. He was assigned to 
 duty with a detachment of recruits at Benicia Barracks, Cal., 
 and sailed, by the way of the Gulf of California and the Colorado 
 River, to Fort Yuma, and marched thence to Fort Whipple, where 
 he arrived on the 14th of December and had station during his 
 tour of service in Arizona. He participated in the Apache cam- 
 paign of 1874, and was engaged in the affairs in the Diamond 
 River country and at Mears' Wells in the Cerbat Mountains, and 
 was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a brevet 
 first lieutenant, to date from April 4, 1874, for distinguished ser- 
 vices in the campaign against the Hualpai Indians. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. r>4.'} 
 
 ITe marched, in July, 1875, from Fort Whipple, by the way of 
 Fort Wingate, Santa Fe, Forts Union, Lyon, and Dodge, to Camp 
 Supply, I. T., where he arrived in September, and had station. 
 with occasional tours of field-service, until June, 1876, and was 
 highly commended by the department commander for prompt- 
 ness, energy, and efficiency in a successful pursuit and chastise- 
 ment of a party of Osage Indians near the Cimarron River on the 
 22d of January, 1876. He participated in the campaign against 
 the Sioux in the Black Hills of Wyoming and in the Big Horn 
 and Yellowstone expedition of 1876, and was engaged in the affair 
 at War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., and in the skirmishes at 
 Slim Buttes, Dak. Upon the disbandment of the expedition at 
 Fort Robinson, ISTeb., in October, he was assigned to Fort Mc- 
 Pherson, Neb., where he had station until August, 1877, when he 
 was transferred to Fort Washakie, Wyo., and participated (com- 
 manding Indian scouts) in the Wind River expedition against the 
 Nez Forces. He then served as adjutant, commissary, and quar- 
 termaster at Fort Washakie from October, 1877, to July, 1879. 
 He captured, after a vigorous pursuit, a band of Bannack Indians 
 on Buffalo Fork of Snake River, twenty miles south of the Yel- 
 lowstone Park, on the 16th of September, 1878. He was then 
 transferred to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he served until 
 October, 1879, when he participated in the movement against the 
 Utes of Colorado, and was engaged in raising the siege and 
 action at Milk Creek, Col., on the 5th of October. He served as 
 chief commissary of the Ute expedition until December, 1879, 
 and thereafter commanded the battalion of the regiment on White 
 River, Col., until March, 1880, when he returned to Fort D. A. 
 Russell, where he had station until April. He was then trans- 
 ferred to Fort Laramie, Wyo., and was selected in October for 
 recruiting service, and served at Jefferson Barracks until October, 
 1882, when he rejoined his company at Fort Laramie, where he is 
 now serving. 
 
544 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 3. George B. Anderson was born at Wilmington, N. 0., 
 in 1831. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 
 1st of July, 1852, and assigned to the Second Dragoons (pres- 
 ent Second Cavalry) as a brevet second lieutenant, and was pro- 
 moted, in that regiment, a second lieutenant March 21, 1854. He 
 served at Carlisle, on the Pacific Eailway reconnaissance, in New 
 Mexico, and against hostile Indians in Southern Oregon, 1852-55. 
 He was serving in Texas when he declined (April 18, 1855) the 
 appointment of second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, 
 to date from March 3, 1855. He was promoted a first lieutenant 
 December 13, 1855, and served in Texas, Kansas, Utah, and Ne- 
 braska until 1860, and was adjutant of the Second Dragoons from 
 the 27th of May to the 1st of September, 1857, and from August 
 8, 1858, to June 24, 1859. He was on recruiting service at the 
 beginning of the Eebellion, and tendered his resignation, which 
 was accepted April 25, 1861. He then entered the Confederate 
 service as a brigadier-general, and commanded the North Carolina 
 coast-defenses in November, 1861, and led a brigade at the battle 
 of Antietam, where he l-eceived a wound in the foot which finally 
 caused his death, at Raleigh, N. C, October 16, 1862. 
 
 6. Edwin K. Merrifield was born in New York. He served 
 in the war with Mexico as a second lieutenant (appointed from 
 Michigan) in the Fifteenth Infantry from March 9, 1847, to Feb- 
 ruary 17, 1848, when he resigned his commission and returned to 
 civil pursuits. He declined, May 3, 1855, an appointment as a 
 second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from 
 March 3, 1855, and later declined an appointment as a first lieu- 
 tenant in the Ninth Infantry, to date from March 3, 1855. 
 
 7. George Hartwell was born in Vermont. He was ap- 
 pointed, from Wisconsin, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and resigned, 
 August 21, 1855, without having joined the regiment. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 545 
 
 10. Egbert C. Wood, Jr. (a son of Assistant Surgeon-General 
 Robert C. Wood, U. S. army), was born in Minnesota. He was 
 appointed, from Louisiana, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3, 1855, and after a tour of 
 regimental recruiting service at Winchester, Va., joined at Jeffer- 
 son Barracks on the 14th of June, where he served until October, 
 when he marched with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at Fort 
 Mason in January, 1856. He had stations at Forts Mason and 
 Inge until May 1, 1857, and participated in the expedition towards 
 the head-waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers during June 
 and July, 1856, and commanded in the Indian combats on the 
 north branch of Concho River, February 12, 1857 (wounded), and 
 on the head-waters of the Nueces River, April 19, 1857. He was 
 on a leave of absence from May 1, 1857, to January 1, 1858, when 
 he resigned his commission and engaged in civil pursuits in Louisi- 
 ana until the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He then 
 enrolled in a rifle company, and soon after declined an appoint- 
 ment of captain in a Louisiana regiment. He was then appointed 
 an assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of captain, and served 
 as chief of staff with General Bragg at Pensacola, and later was 
 assigned to duty in the office of the Secretary of War at Rich- 
 mond, Va. After the battle of Bull Run he was promoted a 
 lieutenant-colonel, and served at Bowling Green, Ky., until the 
 evacuation of that place, being chiefly in charge of pickets and 
 outposts. 
 
 He served with the rear-guard during the retreat from Bowling 
 Green, and commanded the pickets and outposts at Murfreesboro 
 when the Confederate army passed that place, and thereafter served 
 with General Morgan until a few days before the battle of Shiloh. 
 He served with the rear-guard under General Breckenridge after 
 the battle, and was engaged in the affair at Mickey's Ford, charg- 
 ing the commands of Dickey and Hildebrand. He then served with 
 General Morgan in Kentucky (second in command), and captured, 
 on the 5th of May, Pulaski, with trains, stores, etc. When Gen- 
 eral Morgan was defeated at Lebanon, on the 9th of May, he 
 remained with the rear-guard to enable the command to retreat, 
 and was captured. He was confined at Nashville, Camp Chase, 
 and Johnson's Island until exchanged, when he rejoined the army 
 after the battle of Baker's Creek, and was assigned to General 
 35 
 
546 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Forrest's command. He was then promoted a colonel of cavalry, 
 and commanded a brigade in Mississippi from the rear of Natchez 
 to Big Black River, and declined a promotion in the infantry. 
 Colonel Wood was engaged in many of the principal battles of 
 the West, and commanded in several engagements. He was very 
 active and won an excellent reputation as a cavalry officer. After 
 the war he returned to civil pursuits at New Orleans, La. 
 
 13. John Williams was born in Ireland. He was serving as a 
 first sergeant in the Mounted Rifles (present Third Cavalry) when 
 he was appointed a second lieutenant in the First Dragoons (pres- 
 ent First Cavalry), to date from June 18, 1855, and was trans- 
 ferred, with his original rank, to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry. 
 He had been commended in orders from the War Department for 
 gallant conduct in combats with hostile Indians, and his appoint- 
 ment was a merited reward for faithful and conspicuous services. 
 He was serving as a first sergeant at Limpia Creek, on the El Paso 
 road, Texas, when he was killed by a soldier on the 30th of June, 
 1855, while endeavoring, in the line of his duty, to quell a dis- 
 turbance in the company. The murderer was tried by a general 
 court-martial, found guilty, and sentenced " to be hanged by the 
 neck until dead, at such time and place as the President of the 
 United States may appoint, two-thirds of the members concurring 
 therein." The proceedings were laid in due form before the Presi- 
 dent, who confirmed the sentence, and the criminal suffered the 
 extreme penalty of the law at Fort Mcintosh, Texas, on the 21st 
 day of December, 1855.* Lieutenant Williams died without 
 knowing that he had been appointed a commissioned officer. 
 
 14. Coenelius Van Camp was born in Pennsylvania in 1834. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1855, and assigned to the First (present Fourth) Cavalry as a bre- 
 vet second lieutenant, and was appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry July 1, 1855. He joined at Jefferson 
 Barracks in September, where he had station until October, when 
 
 * Q. O. 17, A. G. O., November 1, 1855. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 547 
 
 he marched with the regiment to Texas and served at Forts Mason 
 and Belknap and Camp Verde until September, 1858, and was 
 recognized as the best close-seat rider in the regiment. He was 
 engaged in the combat (commanding) on the Verde River, October 
 30, 1857, where he was distinguished by a successful pursuit and 
 chastisement of a party of Comanch.es, having conducted a march 
 of two hundred miles in less than five days. lie was assigned, 
 September 15, 1858, as adjutant and topographical officer of the 
 Wichita expedition, and participated in the brilliant action at 
 Wichita Village, October 1, 1858, where, while gallantly leading the 
 charge, he was pierced to the heart with an arrow and instantly 
 killed. He was found lying on his back. His sabre, fastened to 
 the wrist by the knot, was beside him, while in his left hand was 
 the fatal arrow, which he had pulled from his heart in the uncon- 
 scious moment that preceded his death. He was an active young 
 officer of much promise, and was twice named in orders from the 
 headquarters of the army for gallantry in action. His remains 
 were removed from the battle-field in the spring of 1859 to Lancas- 
 ter, Pa., where they now rest. 
 
 15. Junius B. Wheeler was born in North Carolina. He 
 served during the Avar with Mexico as a second lieutenant in the 
 Eleventh Infantry from September 9, 1847, to August 14, 1848. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1855, and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant, and was promoted, in the regiment, a second 
 lieutenant August 21, 1855. He joined at Fort Mason, Texas, on 
 the 23d of January, 1856, where he had station until July, when 
 he was transferred to the Topographical Engineers, to date from 
 June 27, 1856. He was promoted a first lieutenant in the corps 
 July 1, 1860, a captain March 3, 1863, and a major July 10, 1866. 
 
 He served on staff duty in the Department of the Pacific, 1856- 
 58 ; as assistant topographical engineer for military roads in Ore- 
 gon and Washington Territory, 1858-59 ; and as assistant professor 
 of mathematics at the Military Academy from October 25, 1859, 
 to April 27, 1861. He served during the war of the Rebellion as 
 assistant topographical engineer for the Department of Virginia, 
 July-September, 1861 ; as principal assistant professor of mathe- 
 
548 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 matics at the Military Academy from September 15, 1861, to June 
 18, 1863 ; as chief engineer for the Department of the Susquehanna, 
 June-September, 1863 ; for the Army of the Arkansas, September, 
 1863-May, 1865, and participated in the march from Little Hock 
 to co-operate with General Banks' army on the Eed Eiver (Marcj- 
 May, 1864), and was engaged in the skirmishes at Elkins' Ferr • 
 and Prairie d'Ane, the occupation of Camden, and the battle of 
 Jenkins' Ferry on the Saline River. He then served as chief 
 engineer for the Military Division of the Missouri, May-June, 
 1865 ; in command of the engineer station at Jefferson Barracks, 
 July-December, 1865 ; as assistant engineer in the examination of 
 the levees of the Mississippi River from Vicksburg to New Orleans, 
 December, 1865-May, 1866 ; in making surveys of extension of the 
 Capitol grounds at Washington, May, 1866 ; as superintending 
 engineer for various harbor improvements on Lakes Michigan and 
 Superior, June, 1866-February, 1870, and for the Eleventh Light- 
 house District (Lake Michigan), December, 1868-March, 1870 ; ant 
 as assistant for the chief of engineers at Washington, February, 
 1870-October, 1871. 
 
 He was appointed professor of the department of civil and 
 military engineering at the Military Academy, September 16, 
 1871, and has discharged the duties of the office from October 10, 
 1871, to the present time. He was made a brevet major, to date 
 from April 30, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Jenkins' Ferry ; a brevet lieutenant-colonel and a brevet 
 colonel, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 19. James P. Major was born in Missouri in 1832. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1856, 
 and assigned to the First (present Fourth) Cavalry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant, and was appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry December 1, 1856. He served at Car- 
 lisle until the spring of 1857, when he proceeded to Texas and 
 joined at Fort Clark on the 11th of April. He had stations at 
 Forts Clark and Mason, and at Camps Hudson, Radziminski, and 
 Colorado, with frequent tours of field-service, until December, 
 1859, and was engaged in the combat in the Wichita Mountains, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 549 
 
 August 10, 1857, where he won a special mention in the official 
 report for energy and good conduct ; and in the brilliant action 
 at Wichita Village, Octoher 1, 1858, where he killed three war- 
 riors in hand-to-hand combats, and was commended in orders from 
 the headquarters of the army for conspicuous gallantry. lie was 
 serving as an assistant commissary at Indianola when he tendered 
 his resignation, which was accepted, to date from March 21, 1861. 
 He then entered the Confederate service as an engineer officer with 
 the rank of major, and served for some time on the staff of Gen- 
 eral Van Dorn in the South-west. He was advanced in rank to 
 the grade of a brigadier-general, and at the end of the war was 
 commanding a brigade of Texas and Louisiana troops in the Trans- 
 Mississippi Department. He was a successful planter in Texas 
 and Louisiana from 1866 to 1876 ; had visited Europe and lived 
 for some time in Canada. He died suddenly at Austin, Texas, 
 in May, 1876. 
 
 22. George A. Cunningham was born in Georgia. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1857, 
 and assigned to the First (present Fourth) Cavalry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant, and was appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry October 1, 1858. He was stationed 
 at Carlisle until the spring of 1858, when he served with the Utah 
 expedition until he was appointed a second lieutenant. He then 
 proceeded to Texas and joined at Camp Cooper on the 30th o_ 
 March, 1859, and commanded a company until the 26th of De 
 cember, 1860, and served during October and November, 1859, 
 with the Cimarron expedition. He availed himself of a leave o* 
 absence in January, 1861, and, without rejoining the regiment, 
 tendered his resignation, which was accepted, to date from Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1861. 
 
 He entered the Confederate service in April, 1861, as a first 
 lieutenant of artillery, and was promoted during the war, for 
 conspicuous services in battle, a captain, a major, and a colonel 
 of artillery. He served at Fort Jackson, La., until September, 
 1862, when he was assigned to General Floyd's command in West 
 Virginia, and participated in the actions at Carnifex Ferry, Cot- 
 ton Hill, and Laurel Creek. He was then transferred to Kentucky 
 
550 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 and was engaged, as a major of artillery, at Fort Donelson, Tenn. 
 (wounded). He was assigned, upon his return to duty, to the 
 command of Fort Caswell, N. C, and had station there and about 
 Wilmington until near the end of the war, and participated in a 
 number of engagements connected with General Foster's move- 
 ment against Goldsboro (severely wounded), and in the actions 
 immediately following the evacuation of Wilmington, and in the 
 battle of Bentonville, N. C. He surrendered with General John- 
 ston's army, and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Petersburg and 
 Eichmond, Va., and is now in a general banking and commission 
 business at Richmond, Va. 
 
 32. Edward W. Hinks was born at Bucksport, Me., and 
 removed at an early age to Bangor, and thence to Boston, where 
 he followed the occupation of a printer. He served as a member 
 of the Boston Council and as a member of the Massachusetts 
 Legislature in 1855, and as adjutant of the Eighth Massachusetts 
 Militia, 1859-60. He wrote a letter to Major Anderson, December 
 18, 1860, tendering a volunteer force for the defense of Fort 
 Moultrie, S. C. He served during the war of the Rebellion as 
 a second lieutenant (appointed from Massachusetts) in the Fifth 
 (old Second) Cavalry from the 26th of April to the 4th of June, 
 1861 (resigned) ; as lieutenant-colonel and colonel of the Eighth 
 Massachusetts Volunteers from the 30th of April to the 1st of 
 August, 1861 (mustered out); and as colonel of the Nineteenth 
 Massachusetts Volunteers from August 3, 1861, to April 28, 1863, 
 when he accepted an appointment as a brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers, to date from November 19, 1862, and served in that grade 
 until the end of the war of the Rebellion. He held with the 
 Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, in connection with the Seventh 
 New York, while en route to Washington in April, 1861, the 
 Annapolis Railway ; repaired the bridge and railway at Annapolis 
 Station, and commanded the party engaged in cutting out the 
 United States frigate Constitution from Annapolis Harbor. He 
 served at the Capitol from the 26th of April to the 10th of May, 
 1861, when he was sent with his regiment to the line of the Balti- 
 more and Ohio Railway in Maryland ; and after it became evident 
 that the Confederates would not venture a battle north of the 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 551 
 
 Potomac River, lie was assigned to the command of the troops 
 stationed at Baltimore until August, 18G1, when he conducted the 
 Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers from Boston to the seat of 
 war, and was actively employed along the line of the Potomac 
 during the fall of 1861, and was engaged in the battle of Ball's 
 Bluff, and commanded the brigade at Harrison's Landing after 
 the death of General Baker, sending his own regiment to the 
 front while he checked the retreat, restored order, and resisted 
 the advance of the enemy, who threatened to occupy the island. 
 
 He served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, participated in the Virginia Peninsular and Maryland 
 campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of York town, the battle 
 of Williamsburg, the action at West Point, the battle of Fair Oaks, 
 the skirmishes and actions at Oak Grove, Peach Orchard, Savage 
 Station, and White Oak Swamp, and the battle of Glendale (severely 
 wounded), where he was conspicuous for bringing his command 
 into action without orders, and driving back General Richard 
 Anderson's corps, vastly superior in numbers, and in restoring 
 the line which had been lost by the routing of General McCall's 
 division, thereby saving the Army of the Potomac from the disaster 
 of being pierced in the centre, and consequently beaten and cap- 
 tured in detail. General Anderson, at a later day, referred to this 
 success as a defeat of General Lee's plans; and General Dick 
 Taylor, in his contribution to the history of the war, refers to the 
 affair as a miscarriage of the Confederate purpose. General Hinks 
 moved his troops (a brigade of General Sedgwick's division) with 
 great expedition from White Oak Swamp and, directing his march 
 towards the enemy's fire, went into action without waiting for 
 orders and at the critical moment, as a few minutes' delay would 
 have rendered useless any effort to recover the field. The fight- 
 ing was desperate, and his loss was very heavy. He Avas recom- 
 mended for a brigadier-general of volunteers by Generals Sedg- 
 wick, Sumner, and McClellan as a recognition of his valuable 
 services on that occasion ; but he did not receive the appoint- 
 ment until some months later, and then not as a reward for his 
 services on that occasion. He rejoined his command in August, 
 and participated in the battles of Ohantilly, South Mountain, and 
 Antietam (twice severely wounded). He was employed as com- 
 mandant of draft rendezvous ; as assistant to the provost-marshal- 
 
552 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 general and superintendent of volunteer recruiting service and 
 mustering and disbursing officer for New Hampshire ; as com- 
 mandant of the District of St. Mary's, Md., and of the prison 
 station at Point Lookout, Md., until April, 1864, when he was 
 assigned to the command of the Third Division of the Eighteenth 
 Army Corps, Army of the James, which he retained until July, 
 1864, and was engaged in the action at Baylor's Farm and in the 
 assault on Petersburg (June), where, being severely injured by his 
 horse falling on him, he was compelled to relinquish the com- 
 mand. He then served until the end of the war on general court- 
 martial duty; as commandant of the draft rendezvous at Hart's 
 Island, N. Y. ; as assistant to the provost-marshal-general and 
 superintendent of the volunteer recruiting service for the Southern 
 Division of New York, and, later, on similar duty for the Western 
 Division of Pennsylvania. He was made a brevet major-general 
 of volunteers, to date from March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services, and resigned his commission of brigadier- 
 general of volunteers on the 30th of June, 1865, and returned to 
 civil pursuits. 
 
 He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fortieth Infantry, 
 to date from July 28, 1866, and was made a brevet colonel, to 
 date from March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Antietam ; and a brevet brigadier-general, to date 
 from March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the assault ou Petersburg. He was transferred to the Twenty- 
 fifth Infantry March 15, 1869, and was retired with the rank of 
 colonel December 15, 1870, for wounds received in the line of duty. 
 During his service in the regular infantry he was chiefly employed 
 on reconstruction duty in the Carolinas, where he commanded 
 Fort Macon until May 27, 1867. He was then appointed provost- 
 marshal-general of the Second Military District, and served in that 
 position on the staffs of Generals Sickles and Oanby until January 
 10, 1868, when he was relieved, at his own request, and assigned 
 to command the post of Goldsboro, where he had station until the 
 State of North Carolina was transferred to the civil authorities. 
 He was then assigned to New Orleans, La., where he served, com- 
 manding his regiment and the post, until May 30, 1870, and while 
 commanding his regiment changed station to Texas, and was 
 commanding Fort Clark when he was retired from active service. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 553 
 
 He was governor of the Soldiers' Home from March 9, 1872, 
 until the next winter, when he \v;is transferred as governor of t lie 
 Milwaukee (Wis.) National Home, which he retained until October 
 1, 18S0. He is a great sufferer from neuralgia of the stomach, 
 arising from a gun-shot wound received at the battle of Antietam. 
 He is one of four men on record who have survived wounds of this 
 nature, but he is subject to such intense pains that his life seems 
 to depend, at times, upon the use of opium, administered by 
 subcutaneous injection. 
 
 33. E. B. Shields was born in Tennessee. He declined an 
 appointment as a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 Cavalry, to date from April 26, 1861. 
 
 36. Chakles E. Hazlett was born in Ohio in 1838. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 6th of May, 1861, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined at Washington, D. C, where he served until 
 June 18, 1861, when he was promoted a first lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Artillery, to date from May 14, 1861. He was engaged in 
 the battle of Bull Run ; served in the defenses of Washington 
 during the winter of 1861-62; participated in the Manassas, Vir- 
 ginia Peninsular, Maryland, Rappahannock, and Pennsylvania 
 campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, the action 
 at West Point, the battles of Hanover Court-House, Gaines's Mill, 
 Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, and Antietam, the skirmish near 
 Shepherdstown, and the battle of Gettysburg, where he was killed 
 on the 2d of July, 1863. 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson (a nephew of General Robert 
 Anderson, of Sumter fame) was born in Ohio. He was educated 
 at Mount St. Mary's College, Md., and was engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law at the beginning of the war of the Rebellion. He en- 
 listed in the Sixth Ohio Volunteers, and served as a private from 
 the 20th of April to the 15th of May, 1861, when he was ap- 
 pointed, from Ohio, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old Second) 
 
554 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Cavalry, to date from May 7, 1861. He joined at Carlisle and 
 participated in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, and 
 was the first officer of the regiment to cross the Potomac with a 
 detachment of cavalry, and was engaged in the action at Falling 
 Waters and the skirmishes near Martinsburg and Bunker Hill. 
 He then served at Darnestown, Md., until the 30th of September, 
 when, having been appointed a captain in the Twelfth Infantry, 
 to date from May 14, 1861, he was ordered to Ohio to enlist his 
 company. He returned to field-service in the spring of 1862, and 
 served with a battalion composed of the Eighth and Twelfth In- 
 fantry in the Shenandoah Valley, June-July, 1862. He succeeded 
 to the command of the battalion at the battle of Cedar Mountain 
 (August 9, 1862), and was engaged in the actions at Harper's Ferry, 
 Waterloo Bridge, and Snicker's Gap, and in the battles of the 
 Second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain, Antietam, Fred- 
 ericksburg, and Chancellorsville (wounded May 2, 1863, but re- 
 tained his command during the battle). 
 
 He examined and transferred twenty-three thousand volunteers 
 from the convalescent camp near Washington to the Invalid Corps, 
 and organized the first battalion of that corps. He commanded 
 the Twelfth Infantry at Kettle Run, on the Orange and Alex- 
 andria Railway, during the winter and spring of 1864, and was 
 engaged in the battles of the Wilderness, Laurel Hill, and Spott- 
 sylvania Court-House (severely wounded May 12, 1864). He 
 served on the staff of General Hooker during the winter of 1864- 
 65 ; organized and mustered into service the regiments of United 
 States volunteers composed of Confederate prisoners of war who 
 desired to renew their allegiance to the government, and mus- 
 > tered out of service sixteen thousand paroled prisoners at Camp 
 * Chase. He was made a brevet major, to date from August 1, 
 
 1864, for gallant services at the battles of the Wilderness, and 
 a brevet lieutenant colonel, to date from August 1, 1864, for gal- 
 lant services at the battle of Spottsylvania. He was assigned, at 
 the end of the war, to duty in Virginia, and commanded the 
 Twelfth Infantry at Camp Grant, near Richmond, from July, 
 
 1865, to April, 1866 ; commanded at Petersburg from April to 
 December, 1866 ; was transferred as a captain to the Twenty-first 
 Infantry November 23, 1866 ; served as Commissioner of Regis- 
 tration during 1867 ; commanded the sub-district of Williamsburg 
 
MILITA11Y RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 555 
 
 from November, 1867, to September, 1868 ; was promoted major 
 of the Twenty-first Infantry March 26, 1868 ; and commanded at 
 Petersburg from October, 1868, to March 15, 1869, when, upon 
 the reduction of the army, he was placed on the list of unassigned 
 officers, where lie remained until June 24, 1869. He was then 
 assigned to the Tenth Infantry, and commanded Fort Mcintosh 
 and Ringgold Barracks, Texas, from August, 1869, to September, 
 1872, and acted as attorney for the United States, 1872-73, in the 
 Mexican cattle claims, and so successfully defended suits against 
 the government, amounting to nearly four million dollars, that the 
 Mexicans obtained judgments for only $13,500. He was employed 
 at Vicksburg, Miss., 1873-74, in paying freed men's bounties: 
 commanded the infantry during Colonel MacKenzie's campaign 
 against the Kiowa Indians in 1874; and commanded the general 
 recruiting service station at Columbus Barracks, Ohio, from 
 October, 1878, to October, 1880. He was promoted lieutenant- 
 colonel of the Ninth Infantry March 20, 1879, and commanded 
 Fort McKinney, Wyo., from November, 1880, to September, 1882, 
 when he was transferred to the command of Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., where he is now serving. He is a regular contributor to 
 the reviews and leading newspapers of the period, and has re- 
 cently published a volume entitled "The Political Conspiracies 
 preceding the Rebellion ; or, The true Stories of Sumter and 
 Pickens," which is a valuable contribution to the history of the 
 rebellion against the United States. 
 
 40. Louis C. Bailey was born in New York. He was ap- 
 pointed, from the District of Columbia, a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from June 8, 1861, and joined 
 at Chain Bridge, near Washington, D. C. The appointment hav- 
 ing expired by constitutional limitation on the 7th of August, 
 1861, he was reappointed with his original rank and continued to 
 serve at Chain Bridge until the 1st of October. While making a 
 reconnaissance, in advance of his men, towards Falls Church, Va., 
 September 5, 1861, he discovered earthworks beyond A r anderwer- 
 ken's House, and, having advanced to the hill on which the earth- 
 works were erected, was halted by a party of Confederate cavalry, 
 who, regarding him as already a prisoner, made no special effort 
 
556 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 to secure him. Lieutenant Bailey shot down the foremost rider, 
 and then, wheeling about, galloped back to his men without receiv- 
 ing any injury, although he was followed by a shower of bullets. 
 He served in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 
 1861-62, and participated in the skirmish at Cedar Run. He had 
 stations at "Washington and Fortress Monroe from the 27th of 
 March to the 13th of July, 1862, when he rejoined the regiment ; 
 but the Senate having again failed to confirm his appointment, he 
 was dropped from the rolls of the army, to date from July 17, 
 1862. 
 
 41. Henry M. Hyde was born in New York, and was ap- 
 pointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, to date from June 10, 1861. He never joined, 
 and his name was dropped from the regimental returns, Decem- 
 ber 14, 1861, in compliance with instructions received from the 
 adjutant-general of the army. 
 
 43. John R. Edie, Jr. (a son of Lieutenant-Colonel John R. 
 Edie, Eighth Infantry) was born in Pennsylvania in 1838. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 24th of June, 
 1861, and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a second 
 lieutenant. He was an acting aide-de-camp for Colonel Willcox 
 from July to October, 1861, and served in the defenses of Wash- 
 ington and in the Manassas campaign, and was engaged in the 
 battle of Bull Run. 
 
 He was transferred, on the 23d of October, 1861, to the Third 
 Artillery, and the next day was transferred to the ordnance, and 
 was promoted in that corps a first lieutenant March 3, 1863, and 
 a captain September 12, 1864. He served as assistant ordnance 
 officer at the Allegheny Arsenal from October, 1861, to November, 
 1862 ; in charge of the ordnance station of the Army of the 
 Potomac from December, 1862, to August, 1863 ; on the staff 
 of General Meade from August, 1863, to December, 1864 ; as an 
 assistant for the chief of ordnance from December, 1864, to March, 
 1867 ; as chief ordnance officer of the Department of the Platte 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 557 
 
 from March to June, 18G7 ; as commandant of the Detroit Arsenal 
 from August, 18G7, to November, 18G8 ; on duty in the office of the 
 chief of ordnance from December, 18G8, to April, 1869; as assistant 
 ordnance officer at the Washington Arsenal from June, 18G9, to 
 November, 1871 ; and on duty at the Springfield Armory from 
 December, 1871, to May, 1874, when it became necessary to send him 
 to the Government Insane Asylum at Washington, D. C, where he 
 died on the 29th of October, 1874. He was made a brevet captain, 
 to date from August 1, 1864, for faithful and meritorious services 
 in the field ; and a brevet major, to date from March 13, 18G5, for 
 faithful and meritorious services in the ordnance department and 
 in the field during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 45. Reuben C. Winslow was born in Pennsylvania, and was 
 appointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from August 5, 1861. He joined on the 6th of September, 
 and was transferred to the Seventeenth Infantry September 21, 
 1861, and was promoted, in that regiment, a first lieutenant 
 October 24, 1861. He was employed on recruiting service at 
 Logansport, Ind., and West Lebanon, N. H.,from December, 1861, 
 to April, 1862. He died of disease at Lock Haven, Pa., May 10, 
 1862. 
 
 46. Osgood Welsh was born in Pennsylvania. He declined 
 an appointment as a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from August 7, 1861. 
 
 51. Charles S. Brooks was born in Illinois about 1838. He 
 was appointed, from California, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from March 24, 1862, and joined his company in 
 the field near Richmond, Va., on the 18th of May, and participated 
 in the battle of Hanover Court-House and in the reconnaissance 
 towards Ashland. He was taken sick early in June, and sent 
 to Fortress Monroe, Va., where he died of disease on the 7th of 
 July, 1862. 
 
558 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 62. Temple Buford was born in Maine. He was appointed, 
 from the army, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry to date 
 from February 19, 1863, and was employed on detached service 
 at Carlisle until April, when he joined the regiment in the field 
 and participated in General Stoneman's raid towards Kichmond, 
 April-May, 1863, and was engaged in the action near Raccoon 
 Ford, the skirmish at South Anna Bridge, and the engagement at 
 Fleming's Cross-Roads (conspicuous for gallantry), where he was 
 captured and paroled. He was then granted a leave of absence 
 until the 8th of July, when he rejoined and participated in the 
 actions at Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the engage- 
 ment of Manassas Gap, the skirmish near Front Royal, the 
 action near, and battle of, Brandy Station. He was on a sick- 
 leave of absence from the 11th of October to the 28th of Novem- 
 ber, when he rejoined and served during the Mine Run operations. 
 He resigned his commission on the 11th of January, 1864. 
 
 63. Conrad Murat was born in Vermont. He was a sergeant 
 in the First Cavalry when he was discharged from his enlistment, 
 having been appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to 
 date from February 19, 1863. He joined his company at Rappa- 
 hannock Station, Va., on the 30th of July, and ceased to be an 
 officer on the 27th of August, 1863. 
 
 64. Myles Motlan was born in Massachusetts. He served as 
 a private and non-commissioned officer in the Second Dragoons 
 (present Second Cavalry) from June 8, 1857, to March 28, 1863, 
 when he Avas discharged as a first sergeant, having been appointed 
 a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from February 19, 
 1863. He served as a non-commissioned officer in Kansas and 
 with the Utah expedition, 1857-58 ; in Nebraska from July, 1859, 
 to September, 1860, and was engaged in the action with hostile 
 Kiowas at Black water Springs, Kan., July 11, 1860. He partici- 
 pated in General Lyon's campaign in South-western Missouri, and 
 was engaged in the battle of Wilson's Creek. He was then trans- 
 ferred to Tennessee, and participated in the capture of Forts Henry 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 559 
 
 and Donelson, and was engaged in several skirmishes with the 
 enemy preceding the capture of the forts. He was also engaged in 
 the battle of Shiloli, the siege of Corinth, the affair at Pucahon- 
 tas Farm, and the battle of Corinth. 
 
 He joined the Fifth Cavalry in May, 1863, and was a company 
 commander during the entire period of his service with the regi- 
 ment, and participated in the battle of Beverly Ford (distinguished 
 for gallantry), the skirmish at Aldie, the actions at Middletown 
 and Snicker's Gap, near Upperville ; the battle of Gettysburg, 
 the actions at "Williamsport, Boonsboro, Funkstown, and Falling 
 Waters, the engagement of Manassas Gap, the skirmish near 
 Front Royal, the action near, and battle of, Brandy Station, and the 
 action at Morton's Ford. He was out of commission, to date from 
 October 20, 1863. He re-entered the service in the Fourth 
 Massachusetts Volunteers, where he served as a private and ser- 
 geant from December 2, 1863, to January 25, 1864; as a first 
 lieutenant from the 25th of January to the 1st of December, 
 1864; and as a captain from December 1, 1864, to November 
 14, 1865, and participated in the actions on John's Island, 
 S. C. (July, 1864), and near Jacksonville, Fla. (October, 1864), 
 and commanded two companies of the regiment at the head- 
 quarters of the Twenty-fourth Army Corps during the closing 
 Richmond campaign of 1865, and was made a brevet major of 
 volunteers, to date from April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the last campaign in Virginia. He enlisted in the 
 mounted service January 25, 1866 ; was assigned to the Seventh 
 Cavalry August 20, 1866, and served as sergeant-major from the 
 1st of September to the 16th of December, 1866, when he was dis- 
 charged, having been appointed a first lieutenant in that regiment, 
 to date from July 28, 1866. He was regimental adjutant from 
 February 20, 1867, to December 31, 1871 (relieved at his own 
 request), and was promoted a captain March 1, 1872. 
 
 He has been employed in Kansas, Kentucky, Dakota, and 
 Montana during the past sixteen years, having stations at Fort 
 Leavenworth, Elizabethtown, Forts Rice, Lincoln, Randall, and 
 Meade, and was engaged in the brilliant action at the Washita 
 (November 27, 1868), in the combat (commanding a squadron) 
 with hostile Sioux on Tongue River (August 4, 1873), in the 
 action on the Big Horn River (August 11, 1873), in the Black 
 
560 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Hills expedition of 1874, in the disastrous action on the Little 
 Big Horn River (June 25, 1876), and in the combat at Bear Paw 
 Mountain (September 30, 1877), where he was wounded. He also 
 served as acting assistant adjutant-general of the troops operating 
 against hostile Indians in Kansas, 1868-69, and was employed on 
 recruiting service from January, 1871, to January, 1873. He com- 
 manded a battalion (three companies) on the Little Missouri 
 River during the early summer of 1881, and is now serving as a 
 company commander at Fort Meade, Dak. 
 
 67. William Brophy was born in Ireland.' He was a first 
 sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged on the 2d 
 of April, 1863, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the 
 regiment, to date from February 19, 1863. He served as an en- 
 listed man in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and 
 Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of York- 
 town, the skirmishes near Lee's Mill and Warwick Creek, the 
 battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes with the 
 enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle of Han- 
 over Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the battle 
 of Gaines's Mill (wounded), the skirmish at Savage Station, the 
 battle of Malvern Hill, the skirmishes near Sycamore Church and 
 in the White Oak Swamp, with the regiment as a part of the rear- 
 guard of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the 
 Peninsula, the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, the skir- 
 mish near Shepherdstown, the engagement near Halltown, the 
 skirmishes near Union and Upperville, the action at Markham's 
 Station (severely wounded), the skirmishes at Barbee's Cross- 
 Roads and Little Washington, the action at Amissville, the battle 
 of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. 
 
 He joined, as an officer, in the field April 8, 1863, and com- 
 manded a company during General Stoneman's raid towards Rich- 
 mond, April-May, 1863, and was engaged in the combat near 
 Brandy Station, the skirmish at Shannon Hill, and the engagement 
 at Fleming's Cross-Roads. He commanded a company in the bat- 
 tle of Beverly Ford (distinguished for gallantry), the skirmish at 
 Aldie, the actions at Middletown and Snicker's Gap near Upper- 
 ville, the battle of Gettysburg, the actions at Williamsport, Boons- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 561 
 
 boro, Funkstown, and Falling Waters, the engagement of Manassas 
 Gap, the .skirmish near Front Royal, and the action near, and battle 
 of, Brandy Shu inn. lie was a brave soldier, but, being sensitive 
 concerning his limited education, resigned his commission on the 
 12th of September, 1803. lie was subsequently employed as a 
 master of transportation during General Averill's raid in West 
 Virginia, and is supposed to have died about that time. 
 
 G8. Johx Stoddard was born in New Hampshire. He was a 
 sergeant in the Fifth Cavalry when he was discharged, in April, 
 18G3, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the regiment, 
 to date from February 19, 1863. He served as an enlisted man 
 in the defenses of Washington and participated in the Manassas 
 campaign, and was engaged in the capture of Alexandria, the 
 skirmish at Blackburn's Ford, and the battle of Bull Run ; served 
 in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 18G1-G2 ; 
 participated in the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, Maryland, and 
 Rappahannock campaigns, and was engaged in the siege of York- 
 town, the battle of Williamsburg and in almost daily skirmishes 
 with the enemy during the advance towards Richmond, the battle 
 of Hanover Court-House, the reconnaissance towards Ashland, the 
 battle of Gaines's Mill, the skirmish at Savage Station, the battle 
 of Malvern Hill, the skirmishes near Sycamore Church and in the 
 White Oak Swamp, with the regiment as a part of the rear-guard 
 of the Army of the Potomac during the evacuation of the Penin- 
 sula, the battles of South Mountain and Antictam, the skirmish 
 near Shepherdstown, the engagement near Ilalltown, the skirmishes 
 near Union and Uppcrville, the action at Markham's Station, the 
 skirmishes at Manassas Gap, Snicker's Gap, and Barbee's Cross- 
 Roads, the actions at Amissville and near Hazel Run, the battle 
 of Fredericksburg, and the reconnaissance near Falmouth. lie 
 joined, as an officer, in the field in April, 1863, and participated 
 in General Stoneman's raid towards Richmond, April-May, 18G3, 
 and was engaged in the action at Fleming's Cross-Roads, where lie 
 was distinguished for gallantry. He resigned his commission on 
 the 25th of May, L863, and was subsequently employed as a clerk 
 in the War Department. 
 36 
 
562 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 69. Joseph II. Wood was bom in New York. He was serving 
 as a private in the Second Cavalry when he was appointed a second 
 lieutenant in the Sixth Cavalry, to date from February 25, 1803. 
 lie was assigned, through error, to the Fifth Cavalry, and joined in 
 the field on the 5th of March, and after a brief service was detached 
 on provost-marshal duty until the 1st of June, when he was trans- 
 ferred to the Sixth Cavalry, and was promoted, in that regiment, 
 a first lieutenant October 20, 1864. He participated in the battle 
 of Gettysburg, where he was wounded and captured. He served as 
 a major in the Fifteenth New York Cavalry from September 16, 
 1863, to March 13, 1865, and as lieutenant-colonel in the Second 
 New York Mounted Rifles from March 13, 1865, to August 10, 
 1865, and was chiefly employed in the North-west. He was made 
 a brevet first lieutenant, to date from July 3, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg ; and a brevet- 
 captain, to date from July 28, 1861, for gallant and meritorious 
 services in a campaign against the Sioux Indians. He rejoined 
 his regiment in September, 1865, and served in Louisiana and 
 Texas until the 7th of May, 1867, when he resigned his commis- 
 sion and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 84. Henry Jayne was born in . He served during the 
 
 war of the Rebellion as an enlisted man in the Seventh Illinois 
 Cavalry from August 24, 1861, to June 7, 1862 ; as a second lieu- 
 tenant from June 7, 1862, to March 26, 1864 ; and as a captain 
 
 from March 26, 1864, to , 1865. He declined an appointment 
 
 as a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from February 
 23, 1866. 
 
 86. Michael V. Sheridan was born in Ohio. He served as 
 a volunteer aide-de-camp for Brigadier-General Sheridan from 
 July 1, 1862, to September 7, 1863, and was engaged in the 
 battles of Booneville (Miss.), Perryville, and Stone River, and was 
 specially mentioned in official reports for valuable services. He 
 served as a second lieutenant in the Second Missouri Volunteers 
 irom September 7, 1863, to June 28, 1864. He participated in 
 .the Chickamauga campaign, and was engaged in the battle of 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 503 
 
 Chickamauga, the siege of Chattanooga) the buttle of Missionary 
 Ridge, the campaign for the relief of Knoxville during the winter 
 of 1863-64, and in the action of Dandridge, Tenn. lie accepted, 
 June 29, 1804, an appointment as an aide-de-camp of volunteers, 
 with the rank of captain, to date from May IS, L864, and served 
 on the staff of Major-General Sheridan until August 1, 18G6, 
 and was engaged in the battles of the Wilderness and Todd's 
 Tavern, the action of the Furnaces, the battle of Yellow Tavern, 
 the actions at Meadow Bridge and Richmond, the battles of 
 Tolopatomoy and If awes' Shop, the action at Metadequin Creek, 
 the battles of Cold Harbor and Trevillian Station ; the actions at 
 Mallory's Ford, Tunstall Station, St. Mary's Church, Darbytown 
 and Lee's Mill, and (with the Army of the Shenandoah) in the 
 actions at Kernstown and Berryville ; the battles of Opequan and 
 Fisher's Hill, the action at Woodstock, the battle of Cedar Creek 
 and the action at Waynesboro, and (in the closing Richmond cam- 
 paign of 18G5) in the battles of Dinwiddie Court-IIouse, Five 
 Forks, and Sailor Creek ; and was present at the surrender of the 
 Confederate Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court- 
 House, April 9, 1865. He was then transferred to the Division 
 of the Gulf, where he served until August 1, 18G6, when he was 
 mustered out of volunteer service. 
 
 He was appointed, from Ohio, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from February 23, 18GG, and joined the regiment 
 at Washington, D. C, on the 10th of October, where he served 
 until the 23d, when he was appointed a captain in the Seventh 
 Cavalry, to date from July 28, 18GG. He joined his regiment 
 on the 1st of November, and served in Kansas and Colorado until 
 July 1, 18G7, when lie was appointed an aide-de-camp for Major- 
 General Sheridan, and has served in that position to the present 
 time, having been appointed, an aide-de-camp (with the rank of 
 lieutenant-colonel) for the lieutenant-goneral of the army, August 
 1, 1870, and military secretary April 0, 1878. He was made a 
 brevet major of volunteers, to date from March 13, L865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services; a brevet major, to date from 
 March 2, 18G7, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Opequan ; and a brevet lieutenant-colonel, to date from March 
 2, 18G7, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Fisher's 
 Hill. 
 
564 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 89. James P. Walsh was born in Ireland. He served during 
 the war of the Rebellion in the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry as 
 a captain from January 1, 1862, to August 4, 1863 ; as a major 
 from August 4, 1863, to August 24, 1864 ; and as lieutenant- 
 colonel from October 6, 1864, to June 1, 1865, when he was trans- 
 ferred, in that grade, to the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, where 
 he served until August 7, 1865, when he was honorably discharged 
 at Richmond, Ya. He joined for duty at Camp Marcy, Ya., 
 January 1, 1862 ; served with the Army of the Potomac, and was 
 engaged in many of the principal battles of the war, and was 
 made a brevet colonel of volunteers, to date from April 9, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services during the operations resulting 
 in the fall of Richmond, Ya., and the surrender of the insurgent 
 army under General Lee. 
 
 He was appointed, from Maryland, a second lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Cavalry, to date from May 4, 1866, and joined his company 
 in South Carolina on the 23d of June, and served at Chester, 
 Mt. Pleasant, Aiken, and Edgefield until December, when he was 
 appointed a captain in the Tenth Cavalry, to date from July 28, 
 1866. He served with his regiment in Texas and the Indian 
 Territory until March 3, 1873, when he died, of disease, at Camp 
 Supply, I. T. 
 
 90. Henkt P. Wade (a son of Benjamin Wade, acting Yice- 
 President of the United States in 1867) was born in Ohio. He served 
 during the war of the Rebellion as a lieutenant and captain in the 
 Fifth and Sixth United States Colored Cavalry, and was discharged 
 on the 15th of April, 1866. He was made a brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel of volunteers, to date from March 13, 1865, for faithful 
 and meritorious services. He was appointed, from Ohio, a second 
 lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date from May 4, 1866, and 
 joined his company in Tennessee on the 1st of July, and served at 
 Nashville (adjutant and quartermaster) and Memphis (adjutant) 
 until March, 1867, when he was appointed a captain in the Eighth 
 Cavalry, to date from March 7, 1867. He served in Arizona, 
 having stations at Fort Whipple and Camp Date Creek, until 
 August 10, 1869, and was engaged in a combat (commanding) 
 with hostile Apaches in the Bill Williams' Mountain, November 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 566 
 
 19, 1808. lie then resigned his commission and returned to civil 
 pursuits in Ohio, lie was made a brevet first lieutenant, a brevet 
 captain, and a brevet major, to date from March 2, 1807, for 
 gallant and meritorious services in action at Saltville, Va. 
 
 95. John P. Cdmmikgs was born in Scotland. He served in 
 the war of the Rebellion as a captain of volunteers, and was serving 
 as a corporal in the Fifth Cavalry when he was appointed a second 
 lieutenant in the regiment, to date from February 5, 1867. He 
 joined in Virginia on the 14th of April, and had stations at Win- 
 chester and Richmond until August 18, 1808, when he ceased to 
 be an officer of the army. He was nominated to be a first lieutenant, 
 to date from June 9, 18G8, but no action was taken thereon by the 
 Senate. 
 
 97. Daxiel Hitchcock was born in New York. He served 
 in the war of the Rebellion as a lieutenant in the Fifteenth New 
 York Heavy Artillery, and was made a brevet captain of volun- 
 teers for gallant and meritorious services. He was appointed, 
 from New York, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from March 7, 1867, and joined his company in Mississippi on 
 the 20th of May, and served at Big Black River, Yazoo City, Can- 
 ton, and Jackson until July 13, 1SG8, when, having absented himseli 
 without authority, his name was dropped from the returns of the 
 regiment. His resignation was finally accepted, to date from 
 July 10, 1808, and he was relieved from the position into which 
 his unauthorized absence had placed him. 
 
 102. E. WlLLARD WARREN was born in . He declined 
 
 an appointment as a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from June 18, 18G7. He served in the Third Pennsyl- 
 vania Cavalry, during the war of the Rebellion, as an enlisted 
 man from August 1, 1801, to September 13, 1802; as a second 
 lieutenant from the 13th of September (with rank from July 
 17, 180;2) to the 18th of December, 1802 ; and as a first lieuten- 
 ant from December 18, 1802, to August 2-1, 1804. The Army 
 
566 MILITARY EECOEDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Register, August 1, 1867, credits him with service as a captain in 
 the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, but the official records on file in 
 the office of the adjutant-general of Pennsylvania make no men- 
 tion of such service. 
 
 104. William L. Porter was born in Indiana. He served in 
 volunteer commission during the war of the Eebellion, and was 
 an assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of captain, from 
 March 28, 1805, to October 1, 1866, and was made a brevet major 
 of volunteers, to date from March 13, 1865, for faithful and meri- 
 torious services during the war of the Eebellion. He was ap- 
 pointed, from Kentucky, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from August 9, 18G7, and joined his company in Tennes- 
 S3e on the 25th of September, and served at Nashville until the 
 3d of December, when he was transferred to Gallatin, where he 
 was fatally injured by the explosion of a gun while firing a salute 
 on the 22d of February, 1868, and died at that place, after sub- 
 mitting to an amputation of the left leg, on the 23d of April, 
 1868. 
 
 105. J. Edwi^ Leas was bom in Ohio. He was appointed, 
 from Indiana, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, to date 
 from August 17, 1867, and joined his company on the 15th of 
 October, and served on reconstruction duty at Montgomery, Ala., 
 and Atlanta, Ga., until April, 1869, when he was transferred to 
 frontier service, and participated in the Eepublican Eiver expedi- 
 tion of 1869, and was engaged in the affair at Eock Creek and in 
 the brilliant action at Summit Springs. He resigned his commis- 
 sion on the 13th of August, 1869, and returned to civil pursuits. 
 
 111. Eobert A. Edwards was born in Pennsylvania. He was 
 appointed, from the District of Columbia, a second lieutenant in 
 the Thirteenth Infantry, to date from Jauuary 22, 1867, and 
 served with his regiment in Dakota and Montana until August 
 4, 1868, when he was transferred, at his own request, to the Fifth 
 Cavalry. He joined his company at Atlanta, Ga., September 11, 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 5G7 
 
 1868, where he had station, with occasional tours of field-service, 
 until April, 1869, when he was transferred to frontier service, and 
 participated in the Republican River expedition of 1809, and was 
 engaged in the affair at Rock Creek, the brilliant action at Sum- 
 mit Springs, the affair in the sand-hills south of Julesburg, and 
 the Niobrara pursuit. He was assigned, in October, to Fort D. 
 A. Russell, Wyo., where he served (adjutant detachment Fifth 
 Cavalry November 20, 1869-March 21, 1870, and post adjutant 
 from the 1st of January to the 21st of March, 1870) until July, 
 1870, when he was transferred to field-service at Chug Water, and 
 thence, in September, to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he had sta- 
 tion until November 4, 1870, when his resignation, previously 
 tendered, was accepted, to date from October 31, 1870. He is 
 engaged in civil pursuits in California. 
 
 115. William F. Smith was born in New York. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the loth of June, 1869, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant. He 
 declined the appointment and engaged in mercantile pursuits in 
 New York City. 
 
 119. Edwakd G-. Stevens was born in Massachusetts. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 15th of June, 
 1870, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant. 
 He was on duty at the Military Academy as an assistant in- 
 structor of artillery and signaling until the 30th of August, when 
 he availed himself of the graduating leave of absence and joined 
 at Fort McPherson, Neb., on the 29th of November, where he had 
 station, with occasional tours of field-service (engaged in the affair 
 on Bird wood Creek, Neb., May 24, 1871), until November, 1871. 
 He then accompanied the first detachment of the regiment, by the 
 way of San Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and 
 arrived at Camp McDowell on the 8th of January, 1872, where he 
 served until the 19th, when, his resignation, previously tendered, 
 having been accepted, to date from December 1, 1871, he was 
 relieved from further duty with the regiment. He was actively 
 engaged in the militia service of Massachusetts, 1873-79, and was 
 
568 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 assistant inspector-general of the State, 1876-79, and a member of 
 the commission appointed by the governor to prepare a code of 
 regulations, which is now (as it came from the commission), by 
 act of the Legislature, the "blue-book" of the Massachusetts 
 militia. He was a member of the House of Representatives 
 (chairman of Committee on Military Affairs) of the Legislature 
 of the State, 1880-81, and is now engaged in an insurance business 
 at Clinton, Mass. 
 
 121. Edward C. Edgerton was born in Indiana. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the loth of June, 1870, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant. After a 
 brief tour of detached service at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., he 
 joined his company at Fort Sidney, Neb., on the 9th of November, 
 where he had station (commissary and quartermaster November, 
 1870-June, 1871, and adjutant June-July, 1871) until July 25, 
 1871. He was then transferred to Fort Laramie, Wyo., and 
 thence, in September, to Fort McPherson, Neb., where he served 
 until November. He then accompanied the first detachment of 
 the regiment, by the way of San Francisco and the Gulf of Cali- 
 fornia, to Arizona, and arrived at Camp Grant January 30, 1872, 
 where he served (adjutant from the 11th of February to the 25th 
 of May, 1872), with a tour of detached service at Camp Apache, 
 until June 11, 1872, when he availed himself of a leave of absence, 
 and, without rejoining the regiment, tendered his resignation, 
 which was accepted December 31, 1872. He has been the man- 
 ager of the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Steel Plow Works since 1873. 
 
 123. Reid T. Stewart was born in Pennsylvania in 1850. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of June, 
 1871, and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant. 
 He joined the regiment at Fort McPherson, Neb., in Novem- 
 ber, and accompanied the first detachment, by the way of San 
 Francisco and the Gulf of California, to Arizona, and served 
 (commanding company from the 20th of January to the 14th of 
 June, 1872) at Camps McDowell, Lowell, and Crittenden from 
 January to August, 18:2. He started from Camp Crittenden on 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. H69 
 
 the morning of August 27, 1872, en route to Tucson to servo as 
 judge-advocate of a general court-martial at that place. lie 
 traveled on a bnckboard with a soldier driver, and the escort fol- 
 lowed in a wagon. Becoming somewhat impatient, he pushed 
 ahead and entered Davidson's Canon about an hour in advance of 
 the escort, notwithstanding he had been warned to proceed cau- 
 tiously. When about half way through the canon he was am- 
 buscaded by a party of Apaches and instantly killed, while the 
 driver, who escaped the first volley, was pursued, captured, and 
 tortured to death about half a mile from the road. When the 
 escort arrived at the scene, until then unconscious of the terrible 
 tragedy which had been enacted, his body was found lying on the 
 road, pierced with six bullets — one having entered the brain. It 
 was therefore absolutely certain that he had met an instantaneous 
 death and escaped a horrible torture. He gave promise of a 
 brilliant career and was universally esteemed for his manly virtues. 
 His remains were sent to Erie, Pa., where they now rest. 
 
 127. Edward L. Keyes was bom in Massachusetts, and was 
 appointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cav- 
 alry, to date from July 27, 1872, and, after a tour of duty with a 
 detachment of recruits at Benicia Barracks and en route to Arizona, 
 he joined the regiment at Camp McDowell on the 30th of Novem- 
 ber. He had stations at Camps McDowell, Grant, Apache, San 
 Cailos, and Bowie until May, 1875, participated in the Apache 
 campaign of 1872-73, and was engaged in the affairs at Bed Rock 
 Springs in Pleasant Valley (commanding) and on Pinto Creek, 
 and was twice nominated to the United States Senate to be a bre- 
 vet first lieutenant, to date from April 9, 1873, for gallant conduct 
 in the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians in 
 Arizona. He marched, in May, 1875, from Camp Bowie, by the 
 way of Santa Fe, Forts Union, Lyon, and Dodge, to Camp Sup- 
 ply, I. T., where he arrived on the 16th of July, and had station, 
 with frequent tours of field-service, until June, 1876, when he was 
 transferred to the Department of the Platte and participated in 
 the Sioux campaign of 1876, and was engaged in the skirmish at 
 Slim Buttes, Dak. 
 
 Upon the disbaudment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, 
 
570 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Neb., in October, lie was assigned to Fort McPherson, Neb., where 
 he had station until the 28th of April, 1877, when he ceased to be 
 an officer of the army. He is the author of a volume of poems 
 entitled " Random Rhymes, by the Poet Lariat," which was pub- 
 lished in the fall of 1882. 
 
 128. William Dulany was born in Maryland, and was ap- 
 pointed, from that State, a second lieutenant in the Fifth Cavalry, 
 to date from December 12, 1872. He was ordered, in January, 
 1873, to report for duty to the superintendent of the Mounted 
 Recruiting Service, and, without joining the regiment, tendered 
 his resignation, which was accepted, to take effect June 3, 1873. 
 
 129. Edwin P. Eckerson was born in Washington Territory, 
 and was appointed, from at large, a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from December 12, 1872. He joined the regi- 
 ment in Arizona, April 23, 1873, and had stations at Camps Lowell 
 and Grant (adjutant and quartermaster); participated in the 
 Apache campaigns of 1873-74 and was engaged in the affairs 
 (three) in the Mazatzal Mountains, and was twice nominated to be 
 a brevet first lieutenant, to date from October 30, 1873, for gal- 
 lantry in action with Delche's band of Apache Indians in the Ma- 
 zatzal Mountains. He was out of service, to date from July 15, 
 1875, and was reappointed a second lieutenant in the Seventh Cav- 
 alry, to date from May 2, 1876, and was promoted, in that regi- 
 ment, a first lieutenant June 25, 187G. He participated in the 
 Sioux campaigns of 1876, and served against the hostile Nez Perces 
 during the summer of 1877, and was distinguished for gallant 
 conduct in several combats with the enemy. He ceased to be an 
 officer of the army on the 30th of June, 1878. 
 
 133. Edwin P. Andrus was born in New York. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 16th of June, 1875, 
 and assigned to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant. He 
 declined a transfer as a second lieutenant to the Seventh Cavalry, 
 to date from June 26, 1876. He joined at Fort Wallace, Kan., 
 on the 1st of October, where he had station, with frequent 
 tours of field-service (engaged in the affair on Canon Creek, Kan.), 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 571 
 
 until July, 187G, when he was transferred to Fort Robinson, Nob., 
 and served in summer camp (engaged in the affair on Chadron 
 
 Creek, Neb.) until the 1st of November, when lit; joined the 
 Powder River expedition (November-December, 1876), and par- 
 ticipated in the brilliant action at Bates Creek (north branch of 
 Powder River), Wyo. He had station at Fort 1). A. Russell, Wyo., 
 from January, 1877, to October, 1878, and was employed on field- 
 service and in the Nez Forces campaign as adjutant for a battalion 
 of the Fifth Cavalry and commanding Indian scouts, during 
 the summer and fall of 1877, and on field-service in NorMern 
 Wyoming during the summer of 1878. He then served at Fort 
 McPherson, Neb., as adjutant, commissary, and epiartermaster, 
 until October, 1879, when ho proceeded to Rawlins, Wyo. (com- 
 manding company), and participated in the operations against the 
 hostile Utes of Colorado until November, when he returned to 
 Fort McPherson for the purpose of closing his accounts as com- 
 missary and quartermaster, and, upon the completion of these 
 duties, was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, where he served until 
 April, 1880. He then changed station to Fort Niobrara, Neb., 
 and served at that post and Fort Robinson, being chiefly employed 
 in making surveys and reconnaissances, until October, when he 
 was placed in charge of the ordnance station at Cheyenne, Wyo., 
 and continued on that duty until January, 1881. He then re- 
 joined his company at Fort Robinson, where he has since served, 
 with occasional tours of detached service, as a company oilicer, 
 quartermaster, commissary, and post adjutant. 
 
 134. Homer W. "Wheeler was born in Vermont, and removed 
 at an early age to Kansas, where he soon won favorable attention 
 by frequent volunteer service with the regular troops in their cam- 
 paigns against hostile Indians ; his most important service was 
 with Captain Bankhead's expedition which was dispatched to the 
 rescue of Major Forsythe's command on the Arickaree Fork of the 
 Republican River in the fall of 1868. lie was engaged in mercan- 
 tile pursuits at Fort Wallace, Kan., when he accompanied, as a 
 volunteer, a command under Lieutenant Henley, Sixth Cavalry, 
 and participated in a combat with hostile Cheyennes on the middle 
 branch of Sappy Creek in April, 1875. He was highly commended 
 
572 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 ill department orders for good judgment and conspicuous gallantry 
 on that occasion, and, upon the recommendation of Brigadier- 
 General Pope, was appointed a second lieutenant in the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to date from October 15, 1875. 
 
 He joined his company at Fort Lyon, Col., on the 12th of 
 December, where he had station, with occasional tours of field- 
 service, until July, 1876, when he was transferred to Fort Robin- 
 son, Neb., and served in a summer camp (engaged in the affair on 
 Chadron Creek, Neb.) until the 1st of November, when he joined 
 the Powder River expedition (November-December, 1876) and 
 participated in the brilliant action at Bates Creek (north branch 
 of Powder River), Wyo., where he was conspicuous for gallant and 
 valuable services. He had station at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 from January to May, 1877, when he entered upon a tour of field- 
 service in Northern Wyoming, which continued until October. 
 He participated in the operations against the hostile Nez Perces, 
 and served with the escort for the lieutenant-general of the army 
 c/i route from Fort Washakie, Wyo., by the way of the Big Horn 
 Mountains, to Fort Custer, Mon. He then served at Fort Mc- 
 Pherson, Neb., with occasional tours of field-service, as a company 
 commander, adjutant, engineer and signal officer, commissary and 
 quartermaster, until December, 1878, when he was assigned to 
 Fort Washakie, Wyo., Avhere he arrived in January, 1879, and had 
 station as a company commander, adjutant, engineer and signal 
 officer, commissary and quartermaster, until Juno, 1880, and cap- 
 tured, in the spring of 1879, the remnant of the Bannack Indians 
 remaining at large at the end of hostilities with that tribe. He 
 then availed himself of a leave of absence for one year, and rejoined 
 at Fort Robinson, Neb., in June, 1881, and a few days thereafter 
 changed station to Fort Sidney, Neb., where ho served until No- 
 vember, 1881, when he was assigned to the School of Application at 
 Fort Leavenworth, where he is now serving. 
 
 135. Samuel A. Cherry was born in Indiana in 1852. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 16th of June, 
 1875, and assigned to the Twenty-third Infantry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined his regiment at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 where he served until October, 1876, when he was transferred, at 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. C)TA 
 
 his own request, to the Fifth Cavalry, to rank from July 28, 1876, 
 and joined the regiment in the Black Hills of Dakota about the 
 middle of Octoher. lie had stations at Forts l>. A. Russell, 
 Washakie (quartermaster), Fred Steele, and Niobrara, with fre- 
 quent tours of field-service, during the years 1877-81, and was dis- 
 tinguished for cool courage and conspicuous ability in the action 
 and suhsequent siege of Major Thornhurgh's command (adjutant) 
 at Milk Creek, Col, 29th of September-5th of October, 1879, for 
 which he received honorable mention in department orders and a 
 joint resolution of thanks from the Sixth Legislative Assembly 
 of Wyoming Territory for his bravery, heroic conduct, and 
 efficient services during the engagement and subsequent siege. 
 
 lie had but recently returned to Fort Niobrara from a leave 
 of absence when he was dispatched in pursuit of a party of out- 
 laws, and, when about twenty-five miles north of the post, was 
 killed on the 11th of May, 1881, by an enlisted man who was rid- 
 ing at his left rear. The murderer was brought to trial in March, 
 1882, before the United States Court at Deadwood, Dak., and 
 pleaded guilty of manslaughter. The evidence failed to show any 
 motive for the crime. Lieutenant Cherry's remains received a 
 temporary burial at Fort Niobrara until the spring of 1882, when 
 they were removed to his home at La Grange, Ind. His career, 
 though brief, was marked by a soldierly discharge of duty. He 
 made friends of all who knew him, and it is certain that he never 
 gave just cause for the enmity of any man. He was positive, 
 though happy, in disposition, a loyal and devoted friend, and a 
 brave and capable officer. 
 
 " The elements 
 So mixed in him that. Nature might stand up 
 And say to all the world, ' This was a man!'" 
 
 130. Ebex Swift, Jr., was born in Texas. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 14th of dune. 1876, and 
 assigned, on the 15th, to the Fourteenth Infantry as a second 
 lieutenant. He was transferred, at his own request, to the Fifth 
 Cavalry, to rank from July 28, 1876, and joined the regiment 
 in the* Black Hills of Dakota on tin' 12th of October. tJpou the 
 disbandment of the expedition at Fort Robinson, Neb., in October, 
 
574 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 he was assigned to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where lie had station 
 until April, 1880. He participated in the Nez Perces campaign d Liv- 
 ing the summer of 1877, serving for a time as battalion adjutant 
 and company commander, and in the capture of disaffected Bannack 
 Indians at Ross Fork (Idaho) Agency in January, 1878, as battalion 
 adjutant, commissary, and quartermaster. He served in field oper- 
 ations in Northern Wyoming during the summer and fall of 1878 ; 
 in field operations against hostile Cheyennes in the sand-hills of 
 Western Nebraska, January-February, 1879, as battalion adjutant 
 and company commander ; and in the expedition against the hos- 
 tile Utes of Colorado (acting assistant adjutant-general), October- 
 December, 1879, and participated in raising the siege and action 
 of Milk Creek, Col. He served as acting adjutant of the regiment 
 from January 28, 1878, to April 23, 1879, when he was appointed 
 regimental adjutant, to date from June 4, 1878. He changed 
 station, in April, 1880, to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he served as 
 post and regimental adjutant until August, 1882, when he was 
 transferred with the regimental headcpiarters to Fort Sidney, 
 Neb. 
 
 137. Horatio G. Sickel, Jr., was born in Pennsylvania. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 
 1876, and assigned, on the 15th, to the Fourteenth Infantry as a 
 second lieutenant. He was transferred to the Fifth Cavalry on 
 the 18th of August, but, without joining the regiment, was trans- 
 ferred to the Seventh Cavalry on the 20th of September, to rank 
 from July 28, 1876. He was promoted a first lieutenant December 
 17, 18S2. He joined his regiment in the Department of Dakota, 
 and has served at Forts Snelling, Totten, Lincoln, and Meade, 
 with frequent tours of field-service, to the present time. He is 
 now serving at Fort Meade, Dak. 
 
 138. Fred W. Foster was born in Pennsylvania. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 1877, 
 and assigned, on the 15th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieuten- 
 ant. He joined at Fort Washakie, Wyo., on the 30th of Decern- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 575 
 
 bcr, where lie had station until May 15, 1878, ami was employed 
 (February-April) in surveying- a military wagon road from Fort 
 Washakie to Rawlins, Wyo. He was then employed on field- 
 service until the 21st of July, when he was assigned to Fort 
 McKinney, Wyo., where he served (commanding company) until 
 July, 1870. He then conducted a detachment of military pris- 
 oners to Fort Omaha, Neb., and, after a brief leave of absence, 
 rejoined his company in the field at Rawlins, Wyo., on the 28th 
 of November, and conducted a company to Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., where he had station until April, 1880, when he was as- 
 signed to temporary duty at Fort Robinson, Neb., whence he was 
 transferred, in June, to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he has since 
 served as a company officer and post commissary. 
 
 130. IlEsritY J. Goldmax was born in Hanover, Germany, 
 and emigrated at an early age with his parents to the United 
 States. He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th 
 of June, 1877, and assigned, on the 15th, to the Fifth Cavalry 
 as a second lieutenant. He joined at Fort McKinney, Wyo., 
 on the 17th of December, where he had station until July, 1870, 
 and was employed on escort duty (commanding) to Fort Kcogh, 
 Mon., January-February, 1878. lie served as engineer officer 
 for an expedition to the Little Missouri River, Dak., March-April, 
 1878 ; as a company commander, May-October, 1878 ; on field- 
 service in Northern Wyoming, June-July, 1878 ; and as post-ad ju- 
 taut from November, 1878, to January, 1870. He was then trans- 
 ferred to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he had station until 
 October, 1870, when he served with the expedition against the 
 hostile Utes of Colorado, and participated in raising the siege and 
 action of Milk Creek, Col. He served as adjutant for a battalion 
 of the Fifth Cavalry on White River, Col., during the winter 
 of 1870-80. He then proceeded to Fort D. A. Russell, where 
 he arrived on the 2d of April, and availed himself of a leave 
 of absence until August, 1880. He rejoined at Camp Sheridan, 
 Neb., where he had station (adjutant) until May, 1881, when 
 he was transferred to Fort Robinson, Neb., where he has since 
 served, with occasional tours of detached service and leaves of ab- 
 sence, as a company officer and post adjutant. 
 
57G MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 140. James V. S. Paddock was born in Illinois. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 1877, 
 and assigned, on the 15th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant, He joined at Fort Sidney, Neb., on the 6th of December, 
 where he had station until May 15, 1878, when he entered upon 
 a tour of field-service in Northern Wyoming, which continued 
 to the 11 th of December. He was then assigned to Fort D. A. 
 Russell, Wyo., where he had station until September, 1879, when 
 he joined Major Thornburgh's expedition against the disaffected 
 Utes of Colorado, and marched from Fort Fred Steele, Wyo., 
 towards the agency on White River, Col. (commanding com- 
 pany), and was twice wounded during the memorable action and 
 siege at Milk Creek, Col., 29th of September-5th of October. 
 He received an honorable mention in department orders and a 
 joint resolution of thanks from the Sixth Legislative Assembly of 
 Wyoming Territory for his bravery, heroic conduct, and efficient 
 services during the engagement and subsequent siege. He was 
 absent, on a certificate of disability and leave of absence, from 
 October 18, 1879, to October 2, 1880, when he rejoined his company 
 at Fort Niobrara, Neb., where he is now serving as a company 
 officer. 
 
 141. Jonsr T. Barnett was born in Indiana. He was grad- 
 uated from the Military Academy on the 13th of June, 1878, 
 and assigned, on the 14th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined the regiment at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., 
 on the 1st of October, where he remained until the 25th of 
 November, when he availed himself of a sick-leave of absence, 
 which continued until October 1, 1879. He then rej,incd at 
 Fort D. A. Russell, and was employed on light duty until the 
 25th of November, when he again availed himself of a sick-leave 
 of absence, which continued until December, 1882, when he was 
 ordered to light duty in the Department of Texas, where he is 
 now serving. 
 
 142. Augustus C. Macomb was born in Michigan, and was 
 appointed, from at large, a second lieutenant in the Fourth 
 Infantry, to date from January 23, 1873. He served with a bat- 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 57? 
 
 "talion of the Fifth Cavalry in Northern "Wyoming during the 
 summer and fall of 1878, and at Fort D. A. Russell, Wy<>., 
 until March 8, 1879 (engaged in field operations against tho 
 hostile Cheyennes [commanding company] in the sand-hills of 
 Western Nebraska, January-February, 1879), when he was relieved 
 from duty with the regimen^. lie was transferred, at his own 
 request, to the Fifth Cavalry, to rank from June 3, 1879, and 
 joined at Fort D. A. "Russell on the 27th of June, where he 
 served until October, 18S0, when he participated in the expedi- 
 tion against the hostile Utes of Colorado, and was engaged in 
 raising the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col. lie served at the 
 White River Agency, Col., until November, when he returned to 
 Fort D. A. Russell, where he had station until April, 1SS0. He 
 was then transferred to Fort Niobrara, where he is now serving as 
 a company officer. 
 
 143. James E. Runcie was bom in Iowa. lie was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 13th of June, 1879, and as- 
 signed, on the 13th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieutenant ; 
 but, without joining the regiment, was transferred to the First 
 Artillery, to rank from August 11, 1879. lie served with his 
 battery at Fort Trumbull, Conn., until August, 1880, when he 
 was assigned to duty as an acting assistant professor of mathe- 
 matics at the Military Academy, where he is now serving. 
 
 144. Luther S. Welborx was born in Indiana. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of June, 1879, 
 and assigned, on the 13th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., on the 29th of 
 September, and participated in the expedition against the hostile 
 Utcs'of Colorado (October, 1879-March, 1880), and was engaged 
 in raking the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col., and served at 
 the White River Agency, Col. (commanding company from the 
 20th of December, 1879, to the 2d of April, 1880), until March* 
 1880. He then returned to Fort D. A. Russell, whence he was 
 transferred, on the 29th of April, to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where 
 he has since served, with occasional tours of detached service and 
 leaves of absence, as a company officer. 
 
 37 
 
578 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 145. Lorenzo L. C. Biiooks was born in Iowa. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of June, 1879, 
 and assigned, on the 13th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second lieu- 
 tenant. He joined his company at the White River Agency, 
 Col., on the 27th of October, where ho served until March, 1880, 
 He has since served, with occasional tours of detached service and 
 leaves of absence, as a company Officer at Fort D. A. Russell, 
 Wyo., Fort Robinson, Neb. (commanding company), Fort Sidney, 
 Neb., and Fort Laramie, Wyo. 
 
 146. Henry De H. Waitb was born in New York. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of June, 
 1879, and assigned, on the 13th, to the Third Infantry as a second 
 lieutenant. He was transferred, at his own request, to the Fiftii 
 Cavalry, to rank from September 4, 1879, and joined his company 
 at Fort Washakie, Wyo., on the 1st of October, where he served 
 (adjutant) until May, 1880, when he was assigned to Fort 
 Laramie, Wyo., where he had station until May, 18S2, when he 
 was transferred to Fort Washakie, where he is now serving as a 
 company officer. 
 
 147. William E. Almy (a son of Rear-Admiral John J. 
 Almy, United States navy) was born in the District of Columbia. 
 He was graduated from the Military Academy on the 12th of 
 June, 1879, and assigned, on the 13th, to the Third Infantry as 
 a second lieutenant. He was transferred, at his own request, to 
 the Fifth Cavalry, to rank from September 4, 1879, and joined 
 at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., on the 29th of September, and par- 
 ticipated, as cavalry adjutant, in the expedition against the hostile 
 Utes of Colorado (October-November, 1879), and was engaged in 
 raising the siege and action at Milk Creek, Col., and served at the 
 White River Agency, Col., until the 22d of November. He re- 
 turned to Fort D. A. Russell on the 29th, where he served (com- 
 manding company) until April 27, 1880, when he was transferred 
 to Fort Sidney, Neb., where he has since served, with occasional 
 tours of detached service and leave of absence, as a company com- 
 mander, post adjutant, and acting signal and ordnance officer. 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS, 679 
 
 148. Lester W. Cornish was born in Massachusetts, lie 
 
 was graduated from the Military Aoademy on the 10th of June, 
 1881, and assigned, on the 11th, to the Fifth Cavalry as a second 
 lieutenant. He joined, on the expiration of the graduating leave, 
 at Fort Niobrara, Neb., where he served until August 10, 1882, 
 when he proceeded by rail to Fort D. A. Russell, Wyo., where he 
 had station until November 12, 1882, when he was transferred to 
 Fort Sidney, Neb., where he is now serving as a company officer. 
 
 BREVET SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 2. Albert V. Colburn was born in Vermont in 1831. lie 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 1855, and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant, lie joined at Jefferson Barracks on the 30th 
 of September, where he served (commanding company) until the 
 11th of October, when he was relieved from duty with the regi- 
 ment, having been appointed a second lieutenant in the First 
 (present Fourth) Cavalry, to date from October 1, 1855. He 
 served at Fort Leavenworth, and participated in quelling the 
 Kansas disturbances, 1855-5? ; was adjutant of the First Cavalry 
 from the 17th of February to the 30th of April, 1857; partici- 
 pated in the Cheyenne expedition of 1857, and was engaged in 
 the combat on Solomon's Fork of Kansas River on the 29th of 
 July ; served at Fort Riley, and participated in the Utah expe- 
 dition, 1857-58 ; was adjutant of the First Cavalry from June 
 11, 1858, to July 1, 1861, and served as acting assistant adjutant- 
 general for Colonel Edwin V. Sumner during the campaign against 
 the Kiowas and Comanches in 1800. He was promoted a first 
 lieutenant January 31, 1SG1, and vacated the commission May 24, 
 1861. He was appointed a brevet captain and assistant adjutant- 
 general July 1, 1861; a captain and assistant adjutant-general 1 
 August 3, 1861; a lieutenant-colonel and additional aide-de-camp 
 September 28, 18G1 ; and a major and assistant adjutant-general 
 July 17, 1862. 
 
 He served on the staff of General McClellan from July 31. 
 1861, to March 10, 18112. and as an assistant adjutant general in 
 the Army of the Potomac from July 31, 1861, to November ?„ 
 
080 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 1862, having station in the defenses of Washington during the 
 winter of 1861-62, and participating in all the battles and opera- 
 tions of the Manassas, Virginia Peninsular, and Maryland cam- 
 paigns. He was assigned, on the 1st of December, 1862, as 
 assistant adjutant-general for the Department of the Missouri, 
 and died at St. Louis, after a brief illness, on the 17th of June, 
 
 1863. He was distinguished for gallantry as a soldier, was esteemed 
 for his social qualities, and enjoyed the respect and affection of 
 his comrades-in-arms. 
 
 3. Lunsford L. Lomax (son of Major Lomax, of the Ordnance 
 Corps) was born in Rhode Island. He was graduated from the 
 Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1856, and assigned to the 
 Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second lieutenant, but, 
 without joining the regiment, was appointed a second lieutenant 
 in the First (present Fourth) Cavalry, to date from September 30, 
 1856. He served at Carlisle, Pa., 1856-57; at Fort Leavenworth, 
 and participated in quelling the Kansas disturbances, 1857 ; par- 
 ticipated in the Cheyenne expedition of 1857, and was engaged in 
 the combat on Solomon's Fork of Kansas River on the 29th of 
 Jul}', and in a skirmish near the Saline River, Kan., on the 6th 
 of August ; served at Fort Riley, Kan., Fort Kearney, Neb., Fort 
 Arbuckle, I. T., and Fort Cobb, Col., 1857-60, and participated 
 in the Kiowa and Comanche expedition, June-September, 1860, 
 and was engaged in several skirmishes with the savages. He was 
 promoted a first lieutenant March 21, 1861, and resigned his com- 
 mission April 25, 1861. He then entered the Confederate service, 
 where he attained the grade of brigadier-general, and commanded 
 a, division of cavalry during the Shenandoah campaign of 1864, 
 and was conspicuous for important services at Front Royal, Cedar 
 Creek, "Winchester, Woodstock, and later at Morganton, N. C, 
 where he had an engagement with General Stoneman in April, 1S65. 
 
 After the war he returned to civil pursuits, and was employed 
 for several years in the clerk's office of the United States House 
 of Representatives at AVashington, D. C. 
 
 6. John T. Magruder was born in Virginia in 1837. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 
 
MILITARY ItECOllDS OF OFFICERS. 581 
 
 1857, and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet 
 second lieutenant. lie served ut Carlisle, Pa., until April '24, 
 1838, when he was transferred, without joining the regiment, in 
 the same grade to the First (present Fourth) Cavalry. He joined 
 his regiment in Kansas, and died at Marysville, X. T., June 28, 
 1858. 
 
 8. Wade H. Gibbes was born in South Carolina. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 1st of July, 1800, 
 and assigned to the Fifth (old Second) Cavalry as a brevet second 
 lieutenant. After a few weeks' service at West Point in charge 
 of a cavalry detachment he was ordered to join the regiment at 
 Camp Cooper, Texas, but, at his request, the order was suspended 
 until the 31st of December. He resigned his commission January 
 1, 1861, and entered the Confederate service as a first lieutenant 
 of artillery, and participated in the bombardment of Fort Sumter. 
 He was promoted, in July, 1861, a major of artillery, and reported 
 to General Wise in West Virginia, where he served until October, 
 when an attack of typhoid fever disabled him for duty until the 
 spring of 1862. He then served at the conscript camp near 
 Columbia, S. C, until the next September, when he reported to 
 General Kirby Smith in Kentucky, and served for a few weeks as 
 chief of staff for General Henry Heth. Another severe attack of 
 typhoid fever, from which his friends thought he could not recover, 
 prostrated him until the spring of 1863, when he was sent to 
 Bermuda, where he was finally restored to health. 
 
 Upon his return he was assigned to duty at Wilmington, N. C, 
 where he served until April, 1864, when he had his first battle 
 experience at Spottsylvania. He afterwards participated in the 
 second battle of Cold Harbor, and served in the defenses of 
 Petersburg, where he was severely injured, while commanding 
 a battalion of artillery (Mine Hun explosion), by a gun-shot 
 wound through the right collar-bone. He returned to duty 
 in February, 1865, and was assigned to the command of Chaffin's 
 Bluff, but retreated on the 3d of April with the Army of Northern 
 Virginia, and surrendered at Appomattox Conrt-llouse on the 9th 
 of April, 1865. He is now engaged in agricultural pursuits near 
 Columbia, S. C, and has been for a number of years the treasurer 
 
.082 MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. 
 
 of Richland County. He claims to have fired the first shotted 
 gun at Fort Sumter, and believes that he fired the last shotted 
 gun at Appomattox Court-House, although this distinction is now 
 claimed bv others. 
 
 ADDITIONAL SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 10. Geoege W. Baxter was born in North Carolina. He 
 was graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 
 1877, and assigned, on the loth, to the Fifth Cavalry as an addi- 
 tional second lieutenant, but, without joining the regiment, was 
 appointed a second lieutenant in the Third Cavalry, to date from 
 September 16, 1877. He served in the Department of the Platte, 
 having stations at Spotted Tail Agency, Forts Robinson, Laramie, 
 Washakie, and D. A. Russell (engaged in skirmishes with hostile 
 Cheyenne Indians, January 9-22, 1879), until the spring of 1881, 
 when he availed himself of a leave of absence, tendered his resig- 
 nation, which was accepted July 1, 1881, and engaged in the stock- 
 growing business near Fort Washakie, Wyo. 
 
 II. William H. Baldwin was born in Pennsylvania. He was 
 graduated from the Military Academy on the 14th of June, 1877, 
 and assigned, on the 15th, to the Fifth Cavalry as an additional 
 second lieutenant, but, without joining the regiment, was ap- 
 pointed a second lieutenant in the Seventh Cavalry, to date from 
 September 30, 1877. He served in the Department of Dakota, 
 having stations at Forts Lincoln, Bear Butte, and Fort Meade, 
 until April 9, 1880, when he was appointed regimental quarter- 
 master, and served at Fort Meade, Dak., until November 30, 1881, 
 when he was relieved, at his own request, and returned to com- 
 pany duty at that station, where he is now serving. 
 
 12. Britton Davis was born in Texas. He was graduated 
 from the Military Academy on the 10th of June, 1881, and as- 
 signed, on the 11th, to the Fifth Cavalry as an additional second 
 lieutenant, but, without joining the regiment, was appointed a 
 
MILITARY UECOl&S <>F OFFICERS. 588 
 
 second lieutenant in the Third Cavalry July 1, 1881. He served 
 with his company in the Department of the Platte until May, 
 18S2, when he was transferred, with his regiment, to the Depart- 
 ment of Arizona, and is now serving at Fort Thomas as a company 
 officer. 
 
 BUFFALO BILL.' 
 
 William F. Cody was born in Scott County, Iowa, lie re- 
 moved at an early age to Kansas, and was employed on the plains, 
 until the beginning of the war of the Rebellion, as a herder, wagon- 
 master, and pony-express rider. He went to Pike's Peak during 
 the excitement which followed the discovery of gold in Colorado, 
 but, failing of success, returned to Kansas and became a trapper on 
 the Republican River. In the fall of 18G1 he began the business of 
 a government scout and guide at Fort Lamed, Kan., and in 1862 
 served as a scout and guide for the Ninth Kansas Cavalry, being 
 chiefly employed in Arkansas and South-western Missouri ; in 
 18(53 he enlisted in the Seventh Kansas Cavalry, and served in 
 Tennessee, Mississippi, Missouri, and Kansas, and participated in 
 several battles. He was made a non-commissioned officer and 
 served as a scout for his regiment after the battle of Tupelo. He 
 was honorably' discharged at the end of the war and engaged in 
 various business pursuits until the spring of 1867, when he made 
 a contract, for a monthly compensation of five hundred dollars, to 
 deliver all the buffalo moat, that would be needed for food purposes 
 for a large number of laborers on the Kansas Pacific Railway, in 
 Western Kansas; and during this engagement — a period of less 
 than eighteen months — he killed four thousand two hundred and 
 eighty buffaloes. This remarkable success gained for him the name 
 of Buffalo Bill. When hunting buffaloes Cody would ride his horse, 
 whenever possible, to the right front of a herd, shoot down the 
 leaders, and crowd their followers to the left until they began to 
 run in a circle, when he would soon kill all that he required. 
 
 Cody again entered the government service in 18G8 as a scout 
 and guide, and, after a series of dangerous rides, as bearer of im- 
 portant dispatches, through a country which was infested with 
 hostile Indians, was appointed by General Sheridan chief scout 
 
584 MILITARY KECOKDS OF OJTFICEES. 
 
 and guide for the Fifth Cavalry, which had been recently ordered 
 from reconstruction duty in the Southern States for a campaign 
 against the hostile Sioux and Cheyennes. He joined a detachment 
 of the regiment at Fort Hays, Kan., and was engaged during the 
 fall of 18GS in the combats on Beaver and Shnter creeks and the 
 north branch of Solomon River. He then served with the Cana- 
 dian River expedition during the winter of 1S68-G9, and became 
 deservedly conspicuous for cheerful service under dispiriting cir- 
 cumstances, and the successful discharge of important duties. He 
 marched with a battalion of the regiment across the country from 
 Fort Lyon, Col., to Fort McPherson, Neb., during May, 1869, and 
 was engaged en route in the combat at Beaver Creek, Kan., where 
 he rendered an important and brilliant service by carrying dis- 
 patches from a detached party to the cavalry camp, after a soldier 
 courier had been driven back by the Indians ; and again *t Spring 
 •Creek, Neb., three days later, where, when the advance-guard 
 under Lieutenant Babcock were surrounded by a large force of the 
 enemy, he was distinguished for coolness and bravery. 
 
 Cody was appointed chief scout and guide for the Republican 
 River expedition of 1869, and was conspicuous during the pursuit 
 of the Dog Soldiers, under the celebrated Cheyenne chief Tall 
 Bull, to Summit Springs, Col. ; he also guided the Fifth Cavalry 
 to a position whence the regiment was enabled to charge upon the 
 enemy and win a brilliant victory. He afterwards participated in 
 the Niobrara pursuit, and later narrowly escaped death at the hands 
 of hostile Sioux on Prairie Dog Creek, Kan., September 26, 1869. 
 He was assigned to Fort McPherson when the expedition was dis- 
 banded, and served at that station (was a justice of the peace in 
 1871) until the Fifth Cavalry was transferred to Arizona. He 
 served during this period with several expeditions, and was con- 
 spicuous for gallant conduct in the Indian combats at Red Willow 
 and Bird wood creeks, and also for successful services as chief scout 
 and guide of the buffalo-hunt which was arranged by General 
 $heridan for the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia. 
 
 Cody was then assigned to duty with the Third Cavalry, and 
 served with that regiment until the fall of 1873, when he was 
 elected a member of the Nebraska Legislature, and thus acquired 
 the title of " Honorable." But, accepting the advice of Eastern 
 friends, he resigued his seat in the Legislature and also his position 
 
MILITARY RECORDS OF OFFICERS. .085 
 
 of scout and guide at Fort McPherson, and proceeded to Chicago, 
 where he made his first appearance as an actor in a drama 
 entitled " The Scouts of the Plains," winning an instant suc- 
 cess. He continued in the theatrical business until the beginning 
 of the Sioux war of 1876, when he discharged his company, 
 hastened to Cheyenne, Wyo., joined the Fifth Cavalry, which had 
 recently returned from Arizona, and was engaged in the affair at 
 War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., where he killed in a hand- 
 to-hand combat the Cheyenne chief Yellow Hand. lie then 
 accompanied the Fifth Cavalry to Goose Creek, Mon., and served 
 with the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition until September, 
 Avhen business engagements compelled him to return to the 
 Eastern States. Cody abundantly proved during this campaign 
 that he had lost none of his old-time skill and daring in Indian 
 warfare. He enjoys a brilliant reputation as a scout and guide, 
 which has been fairly earned by faithful and conspicuous services. 
 He is modest and unassuming, and free from the common faults 
 of the typical frontier-man. His present lucrative business has 
 made him widely known throughout the country. He has valuable 
 property interests at North Platte, Neb., and is part owner of an 
 extensive cattle ranch on Dismal River, sixty-five miles north of 
 North Platte, having for a partner in the business Major Frank 
 North, who is well known as the whilom commander of the 
 celebrated Pawnee Scouts. 
 
 William F. Cody is one of the best scouts and guides that ever 
 rode at the head of a column of cavalry on the prairies of the far 
 West. His army friends, from general to private, hope that he 
 may live long and prosper abundantly. Should the wild Sioux 
 again go on the war-path, Cody (if living) will be found with the 
 cavalry advance, riding another "Buckskin Joe" and carrying 
 his Springfield rifle "Lucretia " across the pommel of his saddle. 
 
PART Til HID. 
 
 The Appendix. 
 
 I. Field Officers. 
 II. Commissioned Staff. 
 
 III. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 
 
 IV. Regimental Commanders. 
 V. Company Officers. 
 
 VI. Company Officers, arranged by Companies. 
 
 VII. Officers commissioned in the Regular and Volunteer Armies of 
 the United States who have served as Enlisted Men in the 
 Regiment. 
 VIII. Stations, Changes of Station, and Field-Service. 
 IX. Battle Record. 
 X. Roll of Honor of Enlisted Men. 
 XI. - Officers who have been killed or v.-ounded in Battle or in tub 
 
 Line of their Duty. 
 XII. Officers who have served in the Volunteer Armies of the 
 United States. 
 XIII. Brevet Commissions conferred and recommended for gallant, 
 
 FAITHFUL, AND MERITORIOUS SERVICES. 
 
PART THIRD. 
 
 THE APPENDIX, 
 
 No. 1. 
 
 FIELD-OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 [Officers to whose names a * is ajfixed never joined the regiment in the grade indicated.] 
 
 Colonels. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 
 May 3, '61 
 
 Oct. 27, '63 
 
 July 1, '76 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 16, '6i 
 Apr. 25, '61 
 May 3, *6i 
 Oct. 1, '61 
 May g, '64 
 July 28, '66 
 Jan. 15, '73 
 Apr. 10, '73 
 Apr. 29, "79 
 
 1. Albert S. Johnston. 
 
 2. George H. Thomas 
 
 3. William H. Emory . 
 
 4. Wesley Merritt 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonels. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 May 
 
 12, 
 
 '55 
 
 June 
 
 2&, 
 
 '60 
 
 Jan. 
 
 3i. 
 
 '61 
 
 Apr. 
 
 6, 
 
 '6 1 
 
 Apr. 
 
 25. 
 
 '6 1 
 
 Nov 
 
 12, 
 
 '61 
 
 Robert E. Lee 
 
 John Sedgwick * 
 
 George H. Thomas 
 
 DelosB. Sacket* 
 
 Lawrence P. Graham*... 
 
 Andrew J. Smith * 
 
 Thomas Duncan 
 
 John P. Hatch* 
 
 Eugene A. Carr 
 
 Charles E. Compton 
 
 Majors. 
 
 William J. Hardee 
 
 William H. Emory * 
 
 George H. Thomas 
 
 Earl Van Dorn 
 
 Edmund K. Smith * 
 
 James Oakes 
 
 Innis N. Palmer 
 
 Joseph IL Whittlesey 
 
 May 3, '61. 
 Oct. 27, '63. 
 July 1, '76. 
 
 Mar. 
 Apr. 
 May 
 Oct. 
 May 
 
 July 
 
 Jan. 
 Apr. 
 Apr. 
 
 16, '61. 
 25, '61. 
 3, '&". 
 
 i, '61. 
 
 9, '64. 
 23, '66. 
 15, '73- 
 io, '73- 
 29. '79- 
 
 June 
 May 
 Apr. 
 Jan. 
 Apr. 
 Nov. 
 Sept. 
 Nov. 
 
 28, '60. 
 26, '55- 
 25, '61. 
 31, '61. 
 6, '61. 
 12, '61. 
 23, '63. 
 30, '63- 
 
rm 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 •62 
 
 Sept. 23, 
 
 '63 
 
 Dec. I, 
 
 '63 
 
 Dec. 7. 
 
 '63 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 Apr. 24, 
 
 •67 
 
 Feb. 10, 
 
 '73 
 
 Aug. I, 
 
 '74 
 
 Dec. 2, 
 
 '75 
 
 Mar. 4, 
 
 '79 
 
 Feb. 17, 
 
 'S3 
 
 Majors — Continued. T0 - 
 
 9. Eugene A. Carr ' ; Jan. 7, '73. 
 
 10. David H. Hastings * 1 Dec. 7, '63. 
 
 11. David S. Stanley* ! July 28, '66. 
 
 12. William B. Royall ! Dec. 2, '75. 
 
 13. Nelson B. Sweitzer 2 ! Apr. 24, '67. 
 
 14. Eugene W. Crittenden 2 | Aug. 1, '74. 
 
 15. George A. Gordon 3 j Oct. 26, '78. 
 
 16. John J. Upham ! 
 
 17. Verling K. Hart j Feb. 17, '83. 
 
 18. Edwin V. Sumner 4 
 
 19. Louis H. Carpenter 5 1 
 
 No. 2. 
 COMMISSIONED STAFF OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 Apr. 20, '55 
 
 May 31, '58 
 
 June I, *6i 
 
 May 9, '62 
 
 Dec. 1, '62 
 
 July 31, '66 
 
 Dec. 31, '66 
 
 July 12, '69 
 
 Oct. 5, '76 
 
 June 4, '78 
 
 June 12, "55 
 Oct. 1, '56 
 Apr. I, '61 
 
 Adjutants. 
 
 1. Kenner Garrard 
 
 2. William W. Lowe 
 
 3. Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 4. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 5. James Hastings 
 
 6. Kenelm Robbins 
 
 7. Robert H. Montgomery . . . 
 
 8. William C. Forbush 
 
 9. Charles King 
 
 10. Eben Swift, Jr. 
 
 May 31, 
 
 •58. 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '6i. 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '62. 
 
 Dec. 1, 
 
 '62. 
 
 July 31, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Dec. 31 
 
 '66. 
 
 July 12, 
 
 •69. 
 
 Oct. 5, 
 
 •76. 
 
 Jan. 28, 
 
 •78 
 
 Quartermasters. 
 
 1. Richard W. Johnson 
 
 2. Joseph F. Minter 
 
 3. A. Parker Porter 
 
 Sept. 30, '56. 
 Mar. 31, '61. 
 Aug. 3, '6 1. 
 
 1 Act of Congress, July 17, 1862, authorized three majors to each cavalry regiment. 
 
 3 Assignment revoked by the War Department, and Crittenden assigned, to date from July 2S, 
 1 365, but Sweitzer served as major for the period as stated. 
 
 > Reappointed to service February 10, 1873, with his original rank from November 1, 1S67— Act 
 of Congress, February 10, 1873. 
 
 * Confirmed by the Senate, to date from March 4, 1879, vice Gordon, deceased October 26, 1878. 
 
 * Major Hart died at Fort McKinney, Wyo., February 17, 1883, of paralysis of the heart, as 
 the military records of officers were going through the press, and Major Carpenter succeeded to 
 the vacancy. The compiler is unable at this late date to prepare a satisfactory statement of the 
 military services of the junior major of the Fifth Cavalry. 
 
 * There were fourteen first lieutenants in the regiment from January 28, 1878, to June 4, 1878. 
 Second Lieutenant Eben S vift, Jr., was acting regimental adjutant during this period. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 CvJl 
 
 Quartermasters — Continued. 
 
 Aug. 3, 
 Dec. I, 
 Dec. I, 
 Aug. 3, 
 Dec. 31, 
 June 22, 
 May I, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Oct. 5, 
 
 4. Charles II. Tompkins 7 . 
 
 5. William H. Brown H . . . . 
 
 6. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 7. Robert II. Montgomery 
 
 8. Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 9. Edward M. Hayes 
 
 10. George F. Price 
 
 11. Charles H. Rockwell... 
 
 12. William P. Hall 
 
 Commissaries. 
 
 Nov. 29, 
 
 '62 
 
 July 31, 
 
 '66 
 
 Dec. 31, 
 
 '66 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 •69 
 
 1. Philip Dwyer 
 
 2. James C. Cooley.. 
 
 3. Kenelm Robbins 8 
 
 4. Alfred B. Bache . . 
 
 Dec. 1, '61. 
 Dec. 1, '62. 
 Nov. 30, '64. 
 Dec. 31, '66. 
 June 22, '69. 
 May 1, '72. 
 Aug. 29, '72. 
 Oct. 5, '76. 
 
 July 31, '66. 
 Dec. 31, '66. 
 Mar. 31, '67. 
 July 20, '69. 
 July 20, '69 5. Jacob Almy 10 July 15, '70. 
 
 No. 3. 
 
 NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY 
 
 June 1, '55 
 July 1, '58 
 May i, '60 
 Aug. 1, "62 
 Nov. 1, '62 
 May 14, '63 
 Aug. 10, '63 
 Feb. 19, '65 
 Nov. 1, '65 
 Apr. 1, '71 
 July I, '71 
 Aug. 1, '72 
 Jan. 14, '75 
 Feb. 3, '76 
 
 Sergeant-Majors. 
 
 David Hulton 
 
 Enoch F. Deaton 
 
 Jeremiah C. Denney " 
 
 Henry Baker u 
 
 Alexander W. Simons 
 
 6. Joseph Blattler 
 
 George Nichols 
 
 Alfred Guiton 
 
 Joseph H. Maynard 
 
 James R. Redfield 
 
 Francis M 'Court I Aug. 1, 
 
 Augustin Knoflach I Jan. 12, 
 
 Gustave Walden Jan. 30, 
 
 James E. Derwent M ay 1 6, 
 
 July 31. 
 May I, 
 July 25. 
 Sept. 22, 
 May 14, 
 Aug. 9. 
 Feb. 14, 
 Oct. 4, 
 Mar. 30, 
 June 1, 
 
 T Appointed assistant quartermaster. U. S. Army, to rank from November 13, i36r. 
 8 Appointed assistant quartermaster of volunteers, to rank from October 20, iSi 2. 
 • Promoted captain, Korty-third Infantry, to rank from January 22, 1SC7, and relieved fi 
 duty with the regiment March 31, 1867. 
 
 10 Grade abolished — Act of Congress, July 15, 1870. 
 
 11 Commissioned seconi lieutenant in the regiment, to date from July 17, \i 2. 
 
592 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Aug. I, '76 
 Dec. 1, '78 
 July i, '81 
 
 Sergeant-Majors— Continued 
 
 15. Paul F. A. Hiimme 
 
 16. Charles Rastaetter , 
 
 17. Charles W. Seymore. 
 
 July 1, 
 Feb. i, 
 Apr. 16, 
 Mar. I, 
 Sept. 16, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Deo. 1, 
 Mar. 11, 
 &ag. 1. 
 1 cb. 22, 
 Mar. 13, 
 Jan. 1, 
 Aug. 1, 
 Oct. 20, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Aug. 10, 
 Apr. 12, 
 Nov. 6, 
 
 67 10. 
 '71 I 11. 
 '72 I 12. 
 
 77 ' 18. 
 
 Quartermaster-Sergeants. 
 
 Charles F. Flamant 
 
 Thomas E. Maley 
 
 Michael Goodwin 
 
 Gustavus Urban 
 
 Philip Dwyer a 
 
 William Archer 
 
 Louis D. Babcock 
 
 James B. Tooker 
 
 Edward Wunderligh 
 
 John Young 
 
 Horace A. Richardson 
 
 Bernhard Klein 
 
 Michael Bryan 
 
 Charles W. Bennett 
 
 Albert E. Barker 
 
 Michael Bryan 
 
 John F. C. Rohrs 
 
 Michael Sliney 
 
 Commissary-Sergeants. 
 
 Dec. I. '62 
 Nov. 23, "63 
 July 1, '64 
 Aug. 20, '67 
 Oct. 10, '68 
 
 Apr. 7, '56 
 
 Oct. 12, '6l 
 
 June 22, '64 
 
 Apr. I, '69 
 
 Apr. 20, '70 
 
 Aug. 13, '77 
 Nov. 8, '78 
 
 Oct. 4, '80 
 
 Dec. 2, '80 
 
 James Burns 
 
 Timothy Casey . . 
 Charles H. Ball.. 
 Daniel Brown . . . 
 Frederick Smith' 3 
 
 Dec. I, '78. 
 July 1, '81. 
 
 Aug. 8, 
 
 '56. 
 
 Apr. 15, 
 
 V,o 
 
 Jan. 21, 
 
 '6i 
 
 Sept. 16, 
 
 ■61 
 
 Sept. 22, 
 
 '62. 
 
 Dec. I, 
 
 '62 
 
 Mar. 11, 
 
 '63 
 
 Aug. 1, 
 
 '63 
 
 Feb. 12, 
 
 '67. 
 
 Feb. 5, 
 
 '71- 
 
 Dec. 16, 
 
 '7i 
 
 Aug. 1, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Oct. 20, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Sept. 3, 
 
 '74- 
 
 July 23, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Apr. 12, 
 
 •76. 
 
 Nov. 6, 
 
 '77. 
 
 July 28, '63. 
 May 1, '64. 
 Feb. 21, '67. 
 June 6, '68. 
 Apr. I, '69. 
 
 Chief Musicians. 
 
 Joseph E. Kreutzer I Apr. 9, '6l. 
 
 Pascual Chinchilla ; June 22, '64. 
 
 Gustavus Peters u - • • -I Mar. 31, "67. 
 
 Frederick Smith • Apr. II, '70. 
 
 Frederick W. Lewis '• June 30, '77. 
 
 Patrick Bradley Oct. 25, '78. 
 
 John Good Oct. 3, |8o. 
 
 Edward Davenport Nov. 16, '80. 
 
 James F. O. Smith ' 
 
 " Commissioned second lieutenant in the regiment, to date from July 17, 1862. 
 >3 Grade abolished— Act of Congress, July 15, 1870. 
 
 >* Grade abolished— Act of Congress, August 1, 1866, on which date Peters vacated. Whe 
 the grade was afterwards restored he was again appointed, January 2J, 1867. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 593 
 
 Chief Buglers and Trumpeters." 
 
 Sept. 
 
 IT, 
 
 '57 
 
 Aug. 
 
 I, 
 
 '58 
 
 Oct. 
 
 I, 
 
 '59 
 
 Mar. 
 
 25. 
 
 '61 
 
 June 
 
 I, 
 
 '61 
 
 Jan. 
 
 15. 
 
 '62 
 
 Oct. 
 
 2, 
 
 '62 
 
 Dec. 
 
 8, 
 
 '63 
 
 Mar. 
 
 1, 
 
 '72 
 
 Nov. 
 
 1, 
 
 '62 
 
 Feb. 
 
 16, 
 
 •67 
 
 May 
 
 28, 
 
 '7i 
 
 Aug. 
 
 I, 
 
 '72 
 
 Nov. 
 
 I, 
 
 '78 
 
 Feb. 
 
 I, 
 
 '81 
 
 1. August Henze 
 
 2. Jeremiah C. Denney, 1st class . . 
 
 3. August Hausser, 16 2d class 
 
 4. Christopher Buerman, 1st class . 
 
 5. Alexander W. Simons, 17 2d class 
 
 6. August Westphal, 2d class 
 
 7. Edward Kline, 1st class 
 
 8. John Uhlman 
 
 9. John Banse 
 
 Saddler-Sergeants. 
 
 1. Michael M. Brown 
 
 2. Jacob Feathers 
 
 3. Alexander Dever 
 
 4. Jacob F. Rapp 
 
 5. Leo Ruschenburg 
 
 6. Michael Dougherty 
 
 July 11, '58. 
 May 1, '6o. 
 Mar. 25, '61. 
 Jan. 15, '62. 
 Nov. 1, '62. 
 Oct. 1, *62. 
 Dec. 7, '63. 
 Mar. 1, '72. 
 
 Feb. 12, '67. 
 May 28, '71. 
 Aug. 1, '72. 
 Oct. 3, '78. 
 Oct. 26, '80. 
 
 Veterinary Surgeons I8 attached to the Regiment, 1 865-1 883. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 7. 
 
 '65 
 
 Apr. 
 
 26, 
 
 '66 
 
 Apr. 
 
 9, 
 
 '67 
 
 Mar. 
 
 15, 
 
 '73 
 
 July 
 
 18, 
 
 '77 
 
 1. Thomas S. Palmer . 
 
 2. James McCullough. 
 
 3. Francis Regen 
 
 4. Charles M. Smith . . 
 
 5. Solomon Bock 
 
 Mar. 17, '66. 
 
 Sept. 6, '66. 
 Aug. 31, '69. 
 Dec. I, '76. 
 
 No. 4=. 
 COMMANDING OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 Apr. 20, '55 
 May 28, '55 
 Sept. 16, '55 
 Sept. 21, '55 
 Oct. 11, '55 
 July 28, '57 
 
 1. Robert E. Lee 
 
 2. Albert S. Johnston 
 
 3. Earl Van Dora .... 
 
 4. William J. Hardee 
 
 5. Albert S. Johnston 
 
 6. Robert E. Lee 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Captain 
 
 Major 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 
 May 28, '55. 
 Sept. 16, '55. 
 Sept. 21, '55. 
 Oct. 11, '55. 
 July 28, '57. 
 Oct. 21, '57. 
 
 16 Title changed to " Chief Trumpeter"— Act of Congress, April, 1872. 
 
 18 First class from May 1, i860. 
 
 17 First class from January 15, 1862. 
 
 19 By Section 37, Act of Congress, March 3, 1863, the grade of veterinary surgeon was created, 
 with assimilated rank of sergeant-major. 
 
594 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Commanding Officers— Continued. 
 
 FROM. 
 
 Oct. 21, '57 
 Nov. 12, '6o 
 Dec. 24, '6o 
 
 Feb. 13, '6i 
 
 Apr. II, '6i 
 
 NAME. 
 
 George H. Thomas. 
 
 Earl Van Dorn 
 
 Robert E. Lee 
 
 William W. Lowe " 
 
 Aug. 28, 
 Sept. 26, 
 Nov. 12, 
 Jan. 14, 
 May 21. 
 June 27, 
 Aug. 12, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Nov. 28, 
 Dec. 28, 
 Mar. 19, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Apr. 1, 
 June 13, 
 Aug. 3, 
 Oct. 11, 
 Oct. 12, 
 Jan. 26, 
 Feb. 10, 
 Mar. 28, 
 Apr. 6, 
 July 24, 
 July 28, 
 Aug. 31, 
 Sept. 4, 
 Dec. 3, 
 Jan. 13, 
 Feb. 1, 
 Mar. 30, 
 Apr. 1, 
 May 1, 
 June 25, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Mar. 5, 
 
 11. George H. Thomas. 
 
 Innis N. Palmer 
 
 James Oakes 
 
 James Oakes, Fourth Cavalry 
 
 Joseph H. Whittlesey 
 
 Charles J. Whiting 
 
 Joseph H. McArthur 
 
 Chas. J. Whiting, Third Cav. 
 
 James E Harrison 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 James E. Harrison 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 James E. Harrison 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Thomas Drummond 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 Thomas E. Maley 
 
 Jeremiah C. Denney 
 
 James Hastings 
 
 Gustavus Urban 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Thomas Drummond 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Thomas Drummond 
 
 Gustavus Urban 
 
 Jeremiah C. Denney 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 William H. Emory 
 
 Major. 
 
 Lieut. -Colonel . . . . 
 
 I First Lieutenant ) 
 
 I and Adjutant. ) 
 
 Major 
 
 Lieut. -Colonel 
 Colonel 
 
 Major 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 Major. ...... 
 
 Captain 
 
 Major. . 
 Captain 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 Captain 
 
 First Lieutenant. , 
 
 Captain , 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Nov. 12, '60. 
 Dec. 24, '60. 
 Feb. 13, '61. 
 
 Apr. 11, '61. 
 
 Aug. 28, '61. 
 
 Sept. 26, '61. 
 Nov. 12, '61. 
 Jan. 14, '62. 
 May 21, '62. 
 June 27, '62. 
 Aug. 12, '62. 
 Sept. 19, '62. 
 Nov. 28, '62. 
 Dec. 28, '62. 
 Mar. 19, '63. 
 Mar. 23, '63. 
 Apr. 1, '63. 
 June 13, '63. 
 Aug. 3, '63. 
 Oct. 11, '63. 
 Oct. 12, '63. 
 Jan. 26, '64. 
 Feb. 10, '64. 
 Mar. 28, '64. 
 Apr. 6, '64. 
 July 24, '64. 
 July 28, '64. 
 Aug. 31, '64. 
 Sept. 4, "64. 
 Dec. 3, '64. 
 Jan. 13, '65. 
 Feb. 1, '65. 
 Mar. 30, '65. 
 Apr. 1, '65. 
 May 1, '65. 
 June 25, '65. 
 Sept. 19, '65. 
 Mar. 5, '66. 
 May 25, '70. 
 
 l ' In charge of the band, non-commissioned staff, and regimen. al records. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 595 
 
 Commanding Officers— Continued. 
 
 FROM. 
 
 May 25, '70 
 July 21, '70 
 Oct. 26, '71 
 Nov. 16, '71 
 Nov. 20, '71 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Jan. 7, '73 
 Mar. 13, '73 
 Mar. 25, '73 
 Apr. 10, '73 
 
 Apr. 9, '74 
 
 Apr. 20, '74 
 July 18, '74 
 June 28, '75 
 July 1, '76 
 Aug. 4, '76 
 Oct. 25, '76 
 Aug. 4, '82 
 
 46. Thomas Duncan 
 
 47. William H. Emory 
 
 48. Thomas Duncan 
 
 49. William H. Emory 
 
 50. Thomas Duncan , 
 
 51. Eugene A. Carr , 
 
 52. Eugene A. Carr, Fourth Cav 
 
 53. William B. Royall 
 
 54. Eugene A. Carr, Fourth Cav. 
 
 55. Eugene A. Carr 
 
 56. William C. Forbush 20 
 
 57. Eugene W. Crittenden.... 
 
 58. William B. Royall 
 
 59. Eugene A. Carr 
 
 60. Wesley Merritt 
 
 61. Eugene A. Carr 
 
 62. Wesley Merritt 
 
 63. Charles E. Compton 
 
 Lieut. -Colonel . . . 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Lieut-Colonel . . . 
 
 Colonel , 
 
 Lieut. -Colonel . . 
 
 Major 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel . . , 
 
 Major , 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel . . 
 
 { First Lieutenant 
 ( and Adjutant. 
 Major 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 
 Colonel 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel 
 
 July 2i, 
 Oct. 26, 
 Nov. 16, 
 Nov. 20, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 7, 
 Mar. 13, 
 Mar. 25, 
 Apr. 10, 
 Apr. 9, 
 
 Apr. 20, '74 
 
 July 18, 
 June 28, 
 July 1, 
 Aug. 4, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Aug. 4, 
 
 No. 5. 
 
 COMPANY OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY, 
 
 CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED IN EACH GRADE. 
 
 [Numbers denote the order 0/ appointment or promotion to each grade in the regiment.] 
 [Officers to whose names a * is affixed never joined in the grade indicated.} 
 
 Captains. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3. 
 
 '55 
 
 1. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 2. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3. 
 
 '55 
 
 3- 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 4. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 5- 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 6. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3- 
 
 '55 
 
 7- 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 8. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 9- 
 
 Mar. 
 
 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 10. 
 
 Earl Van Dorn 1 June 28, '60. 
 
 31, '61. 
 6, '6i. 
 
 Edmund K. Smith 
 
 James Oakes 
 
 Innis N. Palmer 
 
 George Stoneman, Jr 
 
 6. Theodore O'Hara 
 
 William R. Bradfute | Mar. 
 
 Charles E. Travis May 
 
 Albert G. Brackett July 
 
 10. Charles J. Whiting July 
 
 Jan. 
 Apr. 
 Apr. 
 May 
 Dec. 
 
 25. '61. 
 9, '61. 
 
 1, '56. 
 21, '61. 
 
 1, '56- 
 17, '62. 
 17, '62. 
 
 In charge of the band, non-commissioned staff, and regimental records. 
 
596 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Captains — Continued. 
 
 May i, '56 
 Dec. 1, '56 
 June 28, '60 
 Jan. 31, '6i 
 Feb. 27, '61 
 Mar. 21, '61 
 Apr. 6, '61 
 Apr. 25, '61 
 May g, '61 
 May 30, '61 
 Jan. 15, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 Dec. 6, '62 
 Apr. 13, '63 
 Sept. 25, '63 
 Nov. 2, '63 
 Dec. 7, '63 
 Mar. 30, '64 
 May 8, '64 
 Apr. i, '65 
 July 28, '66 
 July 28, '66 
 July 28, '66 
 July 31, '66 
 Aug. 11, '67 
 Nov. 4, '67 
 Dec. 22, '68 
 June 12, '69 
 June 22, '69 
 Jan. 3, '70 
 Aug. 31, '70 
 Dec. 15, '70 
 
 Nathan G. Evans 
 
 Richard W. Johnson 
 
 Joseph H. McArthur . . . 
 
 Charles W. Field 
 
 Kenner Garrard 
 
 William B. Royall 
 
 William P. Chambliss . . 
 
 Robert N. Eagle 
 
 William W. Lowe S1 . . . . 
 
 James E. Harrison 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 Abraham K. Arnold. . . . 
 
 William McLean 
 
 Louis D. Watkins * . . . . 
 
 Junius B. Holloway 
 
 Thomas Drummond. . . . 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 Leicester Walker 
 
 JohnB. Mcintosh*..., 
 
 Samuel S. Sumner 
 
 George A. Custer * 
 
 William H. Brown 
 
 Thomas E. Maley . . . . 
 
 Gustavus Urban 
 
 Jeremiah C. Denney. . , . 
 
 Philip Dwyer 
 
 James Hastings M 
 
 Robert Sweatman 
 
 John H. Kane 
 
 Robert P. Wilson 
 
 Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 Robert H. Montgomery 
 Alexander S. Clarke 23 . . 
 Emil Adam 24 
 
 Feb. 27, 
 July 17. 
 Sept. 25, 
 May 30, 
 Nov. 2, 
 Dec. 7, 
 Mar. 30, 
 Jan. 15, 
 July Si, 
 Nov. 4, 
 Aug. 11, 
 June 22, 
 Apr. 13, 
 July 28, 
 Dec. 6, 
 Apr. I, 
 July I, 
 May 9, 
 May 8, 
 Dec. 30, 
 July 28, 
 Apr. 2, 
 July 28, 
 June 4, 
 Dec. 15, 
 Jan. 11, 
 June 12, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Aug. 31, 
 July 29, 
 May 1, 
 
 Mar. 1, '72. 
 
 ,l First Lieutenant George B. Cosby was announced in General Orders 24, A.G.O., series 1861, 
 " to be captain May 9, 1861, vice Stoneman, promoted into the First Cavalry," but upon tender- 
 ing his resignation as a first lieutenant, to take effect May 10, 1861, he was not confirmed by the 
 Senate. His name is therefore omitted from the list of captains. First Lieutenant William W. 
 Lowe succeeded to the vacancy. 
 
 M Declined appointment of captain in the Tenth Cavalry July 28, 1866. 
 
 ** Transferred from the unassigned list, with original rank as a captain in the Forty-fourth In- 
 fantry, to date from July 28, 1866. 
 
 »« Transferred from the unassigned list, with original rank as a captain in the Thirty-ninth 
 Infantry, to date from May 31, 1867. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 597 
 
 Captains— Continued. 
 
 Dec. 30, '70 
 Jan. 11, '71 
 Mar. 1, '72 
 Aug. 29, '72 
 Aug. 15, '74 
 June 4, '75 
 July i, '76 
 July 29, '76 
 May 9, '77 
 Aug. 23, '78 
 Apr. 2, '79 
 May 1, '79 
 May 1, '79 
 June 14, '79 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 June 30, '55 
 May 1, '56 
 May 1, '56 
 Dec. 1, '56 
 Aug. 18, '58 
 June 28, '60 
 Aug. 31, '61 
 Feb. 22, '61 
 Feb. 27, '61 
 Mar. 20, '61 
 Mar. 21, '61 
 Mar. 31, '61 
 Apr. 1, '61 
 Apr. 6, '61 
 Apr. 16, '61 
 Apr. 25, '6i 
 Apr. 30, '61 
 
 John M. Hamilton". 
 Sanford C. Kellogg . . 
 
 James Burns 
 
 George F. Price 
 
 Edward M. Hayes . . . 
 
 J. Scott Payne 
 
 Albert E. Woodson . . 
 Calbraith P. Rodgers. 
 
 John B. Babcock 
 
 Edward W. Ward * . . 
 William J. Volkmar . 
 William C. Forbush. . 
 Charles King * . .' . . . . 
 Jacob A. Augur , 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 Nathan G. Evans 
 Richard W. Johnson . , 
 Joseph H. McArthur . 
 
 Charles W. Field , 
 
 Kenner Garrard , 
 
 Walter H. Jenifer 
 
 William B. Royall . . . 
 Alexander H. Cross . . 
 William P. Chambliss . 
 
 Robert N. Eagle 
 
 Charles Radziminski . 
 
 John T. Shaaff 
 
 George B. Cosby , 
 
 William W. Lowe 
 
 John B. Hood 
 
 James B. Witherell . . . 
 Joseph F. M inter *. . . 
 Charles W. Phifer*.., 
 James E. Harrison.. ., 
 
 A. Parker Porter 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 Fitzhugh Lee * 
 
 Manning M. Kimmel. 
 Abraham K. Arnold. . 
 
 John J. Sweet 
 
 William O. Williams . 
 Charles H. Tompkins 
 
 Aug. 15, '74. 
 
 Aug. 23, 
 May 1, 
 
 June 14, '79. 
 
 May 1, 
 Dec. 1, 
 
 June 28, 
 Jan. 31, 
 Feb. 27, 
 Apr. 30, 
 Mar. 21, 
 May 1, 
 Apr. 6, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Aug 18, 
 Feb. 22, 
 May 10, 
 May 9, 
 Apr. 16, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Mar. 31, 
 Apr. 1, 
 May 30, 
 Jan. 15, 
 Jan. 15, 
 May 21, 
 Aug. 14, 
 July 17, 
 June 27, 
 June 10, 
 July 17, 
 
 »* Transferred from the unassigned list, with original rank as a captain in the Thirty-ninth 
 Infantry, to date from June 6, 1867. 
 
598 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 First Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '61 
 
 28. 
 
 May 14, 
 
 '61 
 
 29. 
 
 June 22, 
 
 '61 
 
 30. 
 
 May 21, 
 
 •61 
 
 31. 
 
 May 30, 
 
 '61 
 
 32. 
 
 June 1, 
 
 '61 
 
 33- 
 
 June 10, 
 
 '61 
 
 34- 
 
 Jan. 15, 
 
 '62 
 
 35- 
 
 Jan. 15, 
 
 '62 
 
 36. 
 
 June 27, 
 
 '62 
 
 37- 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 33. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 39- 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 40. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 *x. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 42. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 43- 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 44. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 45- 
 
 July 17, 
 
 •62 
 
 46. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 47- 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 '62 
 
 48. 
 
 Apr. 13, 
 
 '63 
 
 49- 
 
 Sept. 25, 
 
 '63 
 
 50. 
 
 Sept. 25, 
 
 '63 
 
 51. 
 
 Nov. 2, 
 
 '63 
 
 52. 
 
 Nov. ig, 
 
 '63 
 
 53- 
 
 Dec. 7, 
 
 '63 
 
 54- 
 
 Mar. 30, 
 
 '64 
 
 55- 
 
 May 8, 
 
 '64 
 
 56. 
 
 June 12, 
 
 •64 
 
 57- 
 
 June 12, 
 
 •64 
 
 58. 
 
 Sept. 12, 
 
 ■64 
 
 59- 
 
 Sept. 19, 
 
 '64 
 
 60. 
 
 Sept. 29, 
 
 •64 
 
 61. 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 '65 
 
 62. 
 
 Aug. 3, 
 
 '65 
 
 63. 
 
 Jan. 12, 
 
 '66 
 
 64. 
 
 Feb. 17, 
 
 '66 
 
 65. 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 66. 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 67. 
 
 William McLean 
 
 Sullivan W. Burbank * 26 . , 
 
 Louis D. Watkins 27 
 
 Junius B. Holloway 
 
 Thomas Drummond , 
 
 Julius W. Mason. 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 Leicester Walker , 
 
 John B. Mcintosh 
 
 Samuel S. Sumner , 
 
 George A. Custer 
 
 Richard Byrnes 
 
 William H. Brown 
 
 Harrison Fosdick 
 
 Frank W. Dickerson . 
 
 Thomas E. Maley 
 
 Gustavus Urban 
 
 Jeremiah C. Denney 
 
 Philip Dwyer , 
 
 Henry Jones 
 
 Henry Baker 
 
 James Hastings , 
 
 Robert Sweatman 
 
 James T. Baden 
 
 John H. Kane 
 
 Edward Murphy 
 
 Joseph P. Henley 
 
 Robert P. Wilson 
 
 Kenelm Robbins 
 
 Richard Fitzgerald 
 
 Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 John Trevor 
 
 Edward Harris 
 
 Robert H. Montgomery . 
 William H. Churchill . . . 
 Augustus H. D. Williams 
 
 James P. Ruggles M 
 
 James C Cooley 
 
 James Burns 
 
 July 17, 
 June 22, 
 July 17, 
 July 17, 
 July 17, 
 Dec. 6, 
 Apr. 13, 
 Sept. 25, 
 Nov. 2, 
 Dec. 7, 
 Mar. 30, 
 May 8, 
 June 12, 
 Apr. I, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Feb. 17, 
 July 28, 
 July 28, 
 July 28, 
 July 31. 
 Nov. 19, 
 Jan. 12, 
 Aug. 11, 
 Nov. 4, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Apr. 25, 
 June 12, 
 June 12, 
 Jan. 22, 
 Sept. 19, 
 June 22, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Oct. 31, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Aug. 20, 
 July 20, 
 June 9, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Mar. 1, 
 
 28 Transferred to Fourteenth Infantry June 22, 1861, with original rank, to date from May 14, 
 1. 
 27 Transferred from Fourteenth Infantry June 22, 1861, with original rank, to date from May 
 
 n Out of service from August 15. 1867, to December 31, 1867. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 599 
 
 First Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 July 28, '66 
 July 31, '66 
 Aug. 20, '66 
 Oct. 31, '66 
 Mar. i, '67 
 May 23, '67 
 Aug. 11, '67 
 Aug. 15, '67 
 Feb. 14, '68 
 June 9, '68 
 July 20, '68 
 Sept. 12, '68 
 Dec. 22, '68 
 Apr. 15, '69 
 Apr. 25, '69 
 June 22, '69 
 Jan. 3, '70 
 Mar. I, '70 
 Mar. 19, '70 
 Mar. 19, '70 
 Dec. 15, '70 
 Dec. 15, '70 
 Jan. 1, '71 
 Jan. 11, '71 
 Mar. 1, '72 
 Aug. 29, '72 
 May 27, '73 
 June 4, '75 
 July 1, '76 
 July 29, '76 
 Nov. 12, '76 
 May 9, '77 
 Aug. 23, '78 
 Apr. 2, '79 
 
 69. 
 70. 
 7i- 
 72. 
 
 73- 
 74- 
 
 75- 
 76. 
 77- 
 78. 
 
 79 
 80. 
 
 William Binning. 
 
 George F. Price 
 
 Edward M. Hayes 
 
 Robert F. Stockton 29 ... 
 Edward P. Doherty 
 
 J. Scott Payne 30 
 
 Charles B. Brady 
 
 Calbraith P. Rodgers... 
 
 John B. Babcock 
 
 Amos Webster*'-" 
 
 Alfred B. Bache 
 
 Jules C. A. Schenofsky 
 
 Peter V. Haskin 
 
 Jacob Almy 
 
 Edward W. Ward 
 
 George F. Mason 
 
 Frank C. Morehead . . . 
 
 Bernard Reilly, Jr 
 
 William J. Volkmar. . . 
 
 William C. Forbush. . . 
 
 Sanford C. Kellogg 32 . . 
 
 Albert E. Woodson 33 .. 
 
 Charles King 34 
 
 Jacob A. Augur 
 
 Earl D. Thomas 
 
 Charles H. Rockwell.. 
 
 Adolphus W. Greely*. 
 
 Phineas P. Barnard . . . 
 
 William P. Hall 
 
 Walter S. Schuyler 
 
 Frank Michler 
 
 George B. Davis 
 
 Charles D. Parkhurst., 
 
 Charles H. Watts .... 
 
 Jan. 1, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Aug. 29, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Aug. 15, 
 
 '74- 
 
 Feb. 14, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 
 •70. 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Nov. 30, 
 
 '70. 
 
 July 29, 
 
 •76. 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '77- 
 
 Apr. 15, 
 
 •69. 
 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 '76. 
 
 Oct. I, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Mar. 19, 
 
 '70. 
 
 May 27, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Aug. 23 
 
 '78. 
 
 Mar. 1, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Oct. I, 
 
 '70. 
 
 June 4, 
 
 •78. 
 
 Apr. 2, 
 
 '79- 
 
 May I, 
 
 '79- 
 
 Jan. 11 
 
 ■71. 
 
 July 1, 
 
 •76. 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '79- 
 
 June 14 
 
 '79 
 
 29 Out of service from May 23, 1867, to November 21, 1867. 
 
 ao Out of service in the Fifth Cavalry from September 12. 1868. to June 23, 1874. 
 
 11 Second Lieutenant ( ummings (No. 77) was nominated to be a first lieutenant, vice 
 Ruggles (No. 65), to date from June g, 1868, but was not confirmed by the Senate. His name 
 is therefore omitted from the list of first lieutenants. Second Lieutenant Webster succeeded to the 
 vacancy. 
 
 " Transferred from the unassigncd list, with original rank as a first lieutenant in the Eight- 
 eenth Infantry, to date from May 15, 1866. 
 
 "Transferred from the unassigned list, with original rank as a first lieutenant in the Thirty- 
 sixth Infantry, to date from August 5, 1867. 
 
 " Transferred from the First Artillery, with original rank as a first lieutenant in that regiment, 
 to date from May 15, 1870. 
 
600 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 from. First Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 May i, '79; 102. Robert London 
 
 May 1, '79 I 103. George O. Eaton 
 
 June 14, '79 i 104. Hoel S. Bishop 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 Mar. 3 
 June 18, '55 
 July 1, '55 
 Aug. 2i, '55 
 June 27, 
 July i, 
 July i, 
 Dec. i, 
 Jan. 1, 
 Aug. 18, 
 Oct. I, 
 June 28, 
 Jan. 31, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Mar. 27, 
 Mar. 27, 
 Apr. 26, 
 Ap 
 
 Apr. 26 ; 
 Apr. 26, '6 
 Apr. 26, 
 Apr. 26, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 6, 
 
 '56 
 '56 
 •58 
 '58 
 '58 
 '60 
 '61 
 '6 1 
 '61 
 '6i 
 '61 
 '61 
 26, '61 
 
 ■6 1 
 
 John T. Shaaff 
 
 George B. Cosby 
 
 George B. Anderson * . . 
 Nelson B. Sweitzer *. . . 
 
 William W. Lowe 
 
 Edwin R. Merrifield *. . 
 
 George Hartwell * 
 
 Joseph F. Minter 
 
 Charles W. Phifer 
 
 Robert C. Wood, Jr 
 
 John B. Hood 
 
 James B. Witherell 
 
 John Williams * 35 
 
 Cornelius Van Camp . . . 
 
 Junius B. Wheeler 
 
 James E. Harrison 
 
 A. Parker Porter 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 James P. Major 
 
 Fitzhugh Lee 
 
 Manning M. Kimmel . . 
 George A. Cunningham. 
 Abraham K. Arnold. . . . 
 
 John J. Sweet 
 
 William O. Williams .. . 
 Charles H. Tompkins . . 
 
 William McLean 
 
 Sullivan W. Burbank * . 
 Junius B. Holloway. . . . 
 Thomas Drummond. . . . 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 Edward W. Hinks * . . . 
 
 E. B. Shields * 
 
 Edward H. Leib 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 Charles E. Hazlett 36 . . . 
 
 May 1, 
 May 1, 
 Declined 
 Declined 
 Dec. 1, ; 
 Declined 
 Aug. 21, 
 Jan. 31, 
 Feb. 22, 
 Jan. 1, 
 Aug. 18, 
 June 28, 
 June 30, 
 Oct. 1, 
 June 27, 
 Feb. 27, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Mar. 2i, 
 Mar. 21, 
 Mar. 31, 
 Apr. 1, 
 Feb. 27, 
 Apr. 6, 
 Apr. 16, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 9, 
 May 14, 
 May 21, 
 May 30, 
 June I, 
 June 4, 
 Declined 
 June 10, 
 Jan. 15, ; 
 June 18, 
 
 36 Transferred from the First Dragoons, with 1 
 »• Transferred to the Fifth Artillery June 18, 1 
 May 14, 1861. 
 
 inal rank, to date from June 18, 1855. 
 
 , as a first lieutenant, with rank to date from 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 601 
 
 Second Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 May 7, '61 
 May 8, '6i 
 June 8, '6i 
 June 8, '6i 
 June io, '6 1 
 June ii, '6i 
 June 24, '61 
 June 24, '61 
 Aug. 5, '61 
 Aug. 7, '6 1 
 Sept. 21, '61 
 Oct. 23, '61 
 Oct. 26, '61 
 Feb. 19, '62 
 Mar. 24, '62 
 Apr. 14, '62 
 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 
 July 17, '62 
 
 July 17, '62 
 July 17, 62 
 July 17, '62 
 July '.7, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 Ncv. 29, '62 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 F;b. 19, '63 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson 37 . 
 
 38. Leicester Walker 
 
 39. John B. Mcintosh 
 
 40. Louis C. Bailey 3 " 
 
 41. Henry M. Hyde* 
 
 42. Samuel S. Sumner 
 
 43. John R. Edie, Jr 
 
 44. George A. Custer 
 
 45. Reuben C. Winslow. . . . 
 
 46. Osgood Welsh* 38 
 
 47. Richard Byrnes 39 
 
 48. William H. Brown 40 . . . 
 
 49. Harrison Fosdick 
 
 50. Frank W. Dickerson . . . 
 
 51. Charles S. Brooks 
 
 52. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 53. Gustavus Urban 
 
 54. Jeremiah C. Denney. 
 
 55. Philip Dvvyer 
 
 56. Henry Jones , 
 
 57. Henry Baker 
 
 58. James Hastings 
 
 59. Robert Sweatman 
 
 60. James T. Baden 
 
 61. Robert H. Montgomery 41 
 62.- Temple Buford 
 
 63. Conrad Murat 
 
 64. Myles Moylan 
 
 65. John H. Kane 
 
 66. Edward Murphy 
 
 67. William Brophy 
 
 Aug. 23, '61. 
 Jan. 15, '62. 
 June 27, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Dec. 14, *6i. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Oct. 23, '61. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Sept. 21, '61. 
 Declined. 
 July 17, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 July 7, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 j 1st Lieut. 
 \ same date, 
 j 1st Lieut. 
 ( same date. 
 j 1st Lieut. 
 ( same date. 
 Oct. 10, '62. 
 Apr. 13, '63. 
 Sept. 25, '63. 
 Sept. 25, '63. 
 Nov. 2, '63. 
 Apr. 25, '65. 
 Jan. 11, '64. 
 Aug. 27, '63. 
 Oct. 20, '63. 
 Nov. 19, '63. 
 Dec. 7, '63. 
 Sept. 12, "63. 
 
 51 Transferred to the Twelfth Infantry August 23, 1861, as a captain, with rank to date from 
 May 14, 1861. Served with the Fifth Cavalry to September 30, 1861. 
 
 58 Lieutenant Bailey held until August 7, 1861, when his appointment expired by constitu- 
 tional limitation. Lieutenant Welsh was then appointed, vice Lieutenant Bailey, to date from 
 August 7, 1861, but declined the appointment, whereupon Lieutenant Bailey was again ap- 
 pointed, with his original rank, June 8, 1861, and held until July 17, 1862, when he was finally 
 dropped, the Senate having failed to confirm the appointment. 
 
 39 Transferred from the Seventeenth Infantry, in which regiment he had rank from May 
 14, 1861. 
 
 40 Second lieutenant, Eleventh Infantry, May 14, 1861 ; first lieutenant September 9, 1861. 
 Resigned October 23, 1861. 
 
 41 Out of service from November 19, 1863, to February 16, 1865. 
 
602 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Feb. 25, '63 
 Apr. 22, '63 
 June 1, '63 
 June n, '63 
 Oct. 31, '63 
 Oct. 31, '63 
 May 18, '64 
 June 7, '64 
 June 7, '64 
 Mar. 12, '65 
 May 3, '65 
 May 3, '65 
 Aug. 9, '65 
 Oct. 9, '65 
 Feb. 23, '66 
 Feb. 23, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Apr. 19, 
 May 4, 
 May 4, 
 June 18, 
 Nov. 16, 
 Nov. 19, 
 Jan. 22, 
 Feb. 5, 
 
 Mar. 7 
 Mar. 7 
 Mar. 
 
 Mar. 30, '67 
 June 13, '67 
 
 June 
 June 
 
 July 22, '67 
 Aug. 9, '67 
 Aug. 17, '67 
 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '66 
 '67 
 '67 
 •67 
 , '67 
 , '67 
 
 7, '67 
 ,'67 
 
 90. 
 
 91. 
 
 92. 
 
 93- 
 
 94. 
 
 95- 
 
 96. 
 
 97- 
 
 98. 
 
 99. 
 100. 
 101. 
 102. 
 103. 
 r.04. 
 105. 
 
 Second Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 John Stoddard 
 
 Joseph H. Wood 42 
 
 Joseph P. Henley 
 
 Robert P. Wilson 
 
 Kenelm Robbins 
 
 Richard Fitzgerald 
 
 Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 John Trevor , 
 
 Edward Harris 
 
 William H. Churchill 
 
 Augustus H. D. Williams 
 
 James P. Ruggles , 
 
 James C. Cooley 
 
 James Burns , 
 
 William Binning 
 
 George F. Price 
 
 Henry Jayne * 
 
 Edward M. Hayes 
 
 Michael V. Sheridan 
 
 Robert F. Stockton 
 
 Edward P. Doherty 
 
 James W. Walsh 
 
 Henry P. Wade 
 
 J. Scott Payne 
 
 Charles B. Brady 
 
 Calbraith P. Rodgers 
 
 John B. Babcock 
 
 John P. Cummings 43 
 
 Amos Webster * 
 
 Daniel Hitchcock 
 
 Alfred B. Bache 
 
 Jules C. A. Schenofsky " 
 
 Peter V. Haskin 
 
 Jacob Almy 
 
 E. Willard Warren * 
 
 Edward W. Ward 
 
 William L. Porter 
 
 J. Edwin Leas 
 
 May 25, ' 
 June 1, ' 
 Mar. 30, ' 
 May 8, ' 
 June 12, ' 
 June 12, ' 
 Sept. 12, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Aug. 3, ' 
 Jan. 12, ' 
 Feb. 17, 
 July 28, ' 
 July 28, ' 
 July 28, ; 
 July 31, ' 
 Declined 
 Aug. 20, 
 July 28, ' 
 Oct. 31, 
 Mar. I, 
 July 28, ' 
 Mar. 7, 
 May 23, 
 Aujj. II, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Feb. ti, 
 Aug. I&, 
 June 9, 
 July 10, 
 July 20, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Apr. 15, 
 Declined 
 Apr. 25, 
 Apr. 23, 
 Aug. 13, 
 
 4 * Transferred to the Sixth Cavalry, with original rank, having been assigned through error 
 to the Fifth Cavalry. 
 
 43 Succeeded in regular order to first lieutenant, vice Ruggles, to date from June 9, 1868 ; but 
 the appointment was withheld, and he was " out of service," August 18, 1868, as a second 
 lieutenant. 
 
 44 Transferred from the Seventh Infantry, at his own request, March 30, 1867, in which regi- 
 ment he had rank from May n, 1866. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 603 
 
 FROM 
 
 
 
 Aug. 19, 
 
 '67 
 
 106. 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 '67 
 
 107. 
 
 May 4, 
 
 '68 
 
 108. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '68 
 
 109. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '68 
 
 no. 
 
 Aug. 4, 
 
 '68 
 
 in. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 •<><> 
 
 112. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 •69 
 
 "3- 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '69 
 
 114. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '69 
 
 115. 
 
 July 14, 
 
 '69 
 
 116. 
 
 July 14, 
 
 '69 
 
 117. 
 
 July 14, 
 
 •69 
 
 118. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 119. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 120. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 121. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 122. 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '7i 
 
 123. 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '7i 
 
 124. 
 
 June 14, 
 
 '72 
 
 125. 
 
 June 14, 
 
 '72 
 
 126. 
 
 July 27, 
 
 '72 
 
 127. 
 
 Dec. 12, 
 
 '72 
 
 128 
 
 Dec. 12, 
 
 '72 
 
 129 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '73 
 
 130. 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '73 
 
 131 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '73 
 
 132 
 
 June 16, 
 
 '75 
 
 133 
 
 Oct. 15, 
 
 '75 
 
 134 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '76 
 
 135 
 
 July 28, 
 
 •76 
 
 136 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 George F. Mason 
 
 Frank C. Morehead " 
 
 Bernard Reilly, Jr 
 
 William J. Volkmar 
 
 William C. Forbush 
 
 Robert A. Edwards " 
 
 Jacob A. Augur 
 
 Earl D. Thomas 
 
 Charles H. Rockwell 
 
 William F. Smith * 
 
 Adolphus W. Greely ir 
 
 Phineas P. Barnard w 
 
 William P. Hall 49 
 
 Edward G. Stevens 
 
 Walter S. Schuyler 
 
 Edward C. Edgerton 
 
 Frank Michler 
 
 Reid T. Stewart 
 
 George B. Davis 
 
 Charles D. Parkhurst 
 
 Charles H. Watts 
 
 Edward L. Keyes 
 
 William Dulany * 
 
 Edwin P. Eckerson 
 
 Robert London 
 
 George O. Eaton 60 
 
 Hoel S. Bishop 
 
 Edwin P. Andrus 51 
 
 Homer W. Wheeler 
 
 Samuel A. Cherry 52 
 
 Eben Swift, Jr. 53 
 
 June 22, '69. 
 Jan. 3, '70. 
 Mar. 1, '70. 
 Mar. 19, '70. 
 Mar. 19, '70. 
 Oct. 31, '70. 
 Jan. 11, '71. 
 Mar. 1, '72. 
 Aug. 29, '72. 
 Declined. 
 May 27, '73. 
 June 4, '75. 
 July 1, '76. 
 Dec. 1, '71. 
 July 29, '76. 
 Dec. 31, '72. 
 Nov. 12, '76. 
 Aug. 27, '72. 
 May 9, '77- 
 Aug. 23, "78. 
 Apr. 2, '79. 
 Apr. 28, '77. 
 June 3, '73- 
 July 15, '75- 
 May 1, '79- 
 May 1, '79- 
 June 14, '79- 
 
 May 11, '8i. 
 
 45 Appointment expired by constitutional limitation August 1, 1868, and dropped August 9, 
 1868. Out of service until March n, 1869, when he was reappointed, to date from September 
 4, 1867. 
 
 46 Transferred from the Thirteenth Infantry, at his own request, August 4, 1868, in which 
 regiment he had rank from January 22, 1867. 
 
 47 Transferred from the Thirty-sixth Infantry July 14, 1869, in which regiment he had rank 
 from March 7, 1S67. 
 
 49 Transferred from the Fourth Infantry July 14, 1869, in which regiment he had rank from 
 March 7, 1867. 
 
 49 Transferred from the Nineteenth Infantry July 14, 1869, in which regiment he had rank 
 from June 15, 1868. 
 
 60 Declined appointment, by transfer, of second lieutenant, Seventh Cavalry, June 26, 1876. 
 
 " Declined appointment, by transfer, of second lieutenant, Seventh Cavalry, June 26, 1876. 
 
 53 Transferred from the Twenty-third Infantry, at his own request, July 28, 1876, in which 
 regiment he had rank from June 16, 1875. 
 
 68 Transferred from the Fourteenth Infantry, at his own request, July 28, 1876, in which regi- 
 ment he had rank from June 15, 1876, 
 
604 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Aug. 18, 
 
 '76 
 
 137. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '77 
 
 138. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '77 
 
 139- 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '77 
 
 140. 
 
 June 14, 
 
 '78 
 
 141. 
 
 June 3, 
 
 '79 
 
 142. 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '7') 
 
 143- 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '79 
 
 144. 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '79 
 
 145- 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 '79 
 
 146. 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 '79 
 
 147. 
 
 June 11, 
 
 '81 
 
 148. 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 Horatio G. Sickel, Jr. * " 
 
 Fred W. Foster 
 
 Henry J. Goldman 
 
 James V. S. Paddock 
 
 John T. Barnett 
 
 Augustus C. Macomb " 
 
 James E. Runcie * 
 
 Luther S. Welborn 
 
 Lorenzo L. C. Brooks 
 
 Henry De H. Waite 66 
 
 William E. Almy " 
 
 Lester W. Cornish 
 
 Sept. 20, '76. 
 
 Aug. 11, '79. 
 
 July i, 
 
 '55 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '55 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '56 
 
 July I, 
 
 '56 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '57 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '57 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '59 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '60 
 
 July 1, 
 
 '60 
 
 June 15 
 
 '77 
 
 June 15 
 
 '77 
 
 June 11 
 
 '81 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenants. 
 
 1. Junius B. Wheeler * 
 
 2. Albert V. Colburn 
 
 3. Lunsford L. Lomax * 
 
 4. Fitzhugh Lee * 
 
 5. Manning M. Kimmel * 
 
 6. John T. Magruder* 
 
 7. Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 8. WadeH. Gibbes * 
 
 9. John J. Sweet * 
 
 Additional Second Lieutenants. 
 
 10. George W. Baxter * 68 . . 
 
 11. William H. Baldwin* 68 
 
 12. Britton Davis* 68 
 
 Aug. 21, '55- 
 Oct. i, '55- 
 Sept. 30, '56. 
 Jan. 1, '58. 
 Apr. 24, '58. 
 Apr. 24, '58. 
 June 28, '60. 
 Jan. I, '61. 
 Jan. 31, '61. 
 
 Sept. 16, '77. 
 Sept. 30, '77- 
 July 1, '81. 
 
 64 Transferred from the Fourteenth Infantry, and afterwards transferred to the Seventh 
 Cavalry. 
 
 " Transferred from the Fourth Infantry, at his own request, June 3, 1879, in which regiment 
 he had rank from January 23, 1878. 
 
 ™ Transferred from the Third Infantry, at his own request, September 4, 1879. "» which re g>- 
 ment he had rank from June 13, 1879. 
 
 67 Transferred from the Third Infantry, at his own request, September 4, 1879, in which regi- 
 ment he had rank from June t3, 1879. 
 
 68 Not assigned to companies in the regiment. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 605 
 
 No. 6. 
 COMPANY OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY, 
 
 CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED BY COMPANIES. 
 
 [Numbers denote the order of appointment or promotion to each grade in the regiment.} 
 {Officers to whose names a * is affixed never joined the company in the grade indicated.} 
 
 COMPANY A. 
 Captains. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 June 28, '60 
 Sept. 25, '63 
 May 8, '64 
 July 28, '66 
 June 12, '69 
 July 29, '76 
 Aug. 23, '78 
 May 1, '79 
 June 14, '79 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 May i, '56 
 May 9, '61 
 May 14, '61 
 June 1, '61 
 Oct. 23, '61 
 June 27, '62 
 Dec. 7, '63 
 Apr. 25, '65 
 Aug. 3. '65 
 July 31, '66 
 Dec. 15, '70 
 Jan. 11, '71 
 June 14, '79 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 
 July I, '56 
 
 Apr. 26, '6i 
 
 June 8, '61 
 
 1. Earl Van Dorn 
 
 13. Joseph H. McArthur . 
 
 29. Joseph P. Ash 
 
 33. George A. Custer*. . . 
 37. Jeremiah C. Denney . 
 
 42. Robert P. Wilson 
 
 54. Calbraith P. Rodgers. 
 56. Edward W. Ward * . . 
 
 59. Charles King * 
 
 60. Jacob A. Augur 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 Alexander H. Cross. . . . 
 
 George B. Cosby 
 
 William McLean * 
 
 Sullivan W. Burbank * . 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 John J. Sweet 
 
 JohnB. Mcintosh 
 
 Edward Murphy * 
 
 Robert H. Montgomery 
 63. William H. Churchill . . 
 
 69. George F. Price 
 
 88. SanfordC. Kellogg*... 
 
 91. Jacob A. Augur 
 
 104. Hoel S. Bishop 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 2. George B. Cosby 
 
 17. A. Parker Porter 
 
 29. Junius B. Holloway * 
 
 40. Louis C. Bailey 
 
 June 
 Sept. 
 May 
 July 
 June 
 July 
 Aug. 
 May 
 June 
 
 28, '6o. 
 25/63. 
 8, '64. 
 
 28, '66. 
 12, '69. 
 
 29, '76. 
 23, '78. 
 
 1. '79- 
 14. '79- 
 
 May 
 May 
 June 
 June 
 Oct. 
 June 
 Dec. 
 Apr. 
 Aug. 
 Aug. 
 Dec. 
 Jan. 
 June 
 
 I, '56. 
 
 10, '61. 
 
 19, '61. 
 
 22, '61. 
 
 23, '61. 
 27, '62. 
 
 7, '63. 
 25. '°5- 
 3, '65- 
 
 20, '66. 
 16, '70. 
 
 11, '7i- 
 14- '79- 
 
 May 1, '56. 
 Mar. 20, '61. 
 May 21, '61. 
 July 17, '62. 
 
606 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Second Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 Aug. 7- 
 
 '61 
 
 46. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 57 
 
 Apr. 22, 
 
 '63 
 
 70 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 '63 
 
 7i 
 
 Oct. 9, 
 
 '65 
 
 82 
 
 Aug. 19, 
 
 '67 
 
 106 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 119 
 
 Oct. 21, 
 
 '70 
 
 116 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '73 
 
 131 
 
 June 13, 
 
 '79 
 
 145 
 
 46. Osgood Welsh * , 
 
 Henry Baker 
 
 Joseph P. Henley.. .. 
 
 Robert P. Wilson 
 
 William Binning 
 
 George F. Mason. . . . 
 Edward G. Stevens * . 
 Adolphus W. Greely . 
 
 George O. Eaton 
 
 Lorenzo L. C. Brooks 
 
 Declined. 
 Apr. 13, '63. 
 Sept. 4, '63. 
 May 8, '64. 
 July 28, '66. 
 June 22, '69. 
 Oct. 21, '70. 
 May 27, '73. 
 May 1, '79. 
 
 July 1, '56 I 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenant. 
 3. Lunsford L. Lomax * 
 
 I Sept. 30, '56. 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 Jan. 31, 
 
 '6 1 
 
 May 30, 
 
 '61 
 
 Nov. 4, 
 
 '67 
 
 Jan. 3, 
 
 '70 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 Jan. 13, 
 
 '58 
 
 Aug. 2, 
 
 '59 
 
 Apr. 30, 
 
 '61 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '64 
 
 Sept. 19, 
 
 '64 
 
 Sept. 29, 
 
 '64 
 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 '66 
 
 May 23, 
 
 '67 
 
 Sept. 12, 
 
 '68 
 
 Nov. 1, 
 
 '70 
 
 Apr. 2, 
 
 '79 
 
 May 25, 
 
 •8o 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 Jan. 1, 
 
 '58 
 
 Jan. 31, '61 • 
 May 30, '61. 
 Nov. 4, '67. 
 Jan. 3, '70. 
 
 COMPANY B. 
 Captains. 
 
 2. Edmund K. Smith 
 
 14. Charles W. Field 
 
 20. James E. Harrison 
 
 40. Robert Sweatman 
 
 44. Robert H. Montgomery 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 6. Walter H. Jenifer 
 
 12. John T. Shaaff 
 
 6. Walter H. Jenifer 
 
 27. Charles H. Tompkins 
 
 40. Richard Byrnes 
 
 58. Richard Fitzgerald * 
 
 60. John Trevor * 
 
 61. Edward Harris 
 
 71. Robert F. Stockton* 
 
 73. J. Scott Payne 
 
 79. Jules C. A. Schenofsky 
 
 86. William J. Volkmar 
 
 101. Charles H. Watts 
 
 94. Adolphus W. Greely * 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 69 
 
 10. Robert C. Wood, Jr I Jan. I, '58. 
 
 20. Fitzhugh Lee I Mar. 31, '61. 
 
 69 Lieutenant Denney served as a second lieutenant in Company B from October 16, 1862, to 
 February 19, 1863; but as he was commissioned a first lieutenant, to date from July 17, 1862, which 
 was also the date of his second lieutenant's commission, his name [is omitted, as a second lieu- 
 tenant, from the rolls of Company B. 
 
 Jan. 13, '58 
 Aug. 2, '59. 
 Apr. 30, '6i 
 July 17, '62 
 June 12, '64, 
 Sept. 19, '64 
 Sept. 29, '64 
 Oct. 31, '66 
 May 23, '67 
 Sept. 12, '68 
 Oct. 1, '70 
 Apr. 2, '79 
 May 25, '80 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 6M 
 
 Apr. 26, 
 
 •61 
 
 31. 
 
 Oct. 23, 
 
 •61 
 
 48. 
 
 Feb. 19, 
 
 '63 
 
 64. 
 
 June 7, 
 
 •64 
 
 76. 
 
 Nov. 16, 
 
 '66 
 
 92. 
 
 Aug. 9, 
 
 '67 
 
 104. 
 
 Nov. 14, 
 
 '67 
 
 99. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '69 
 
 114. 
 
 June 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 120. 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '76 
 
 136. 
 
 June 3, 
 
 '79 
 
 142. 
 
 Second Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 Julius W. Mason 
 
 William II. Brown 
 
 Myles Moylan 
 
 Edward Harris 
 
 Charles B. Brady 
 
 William L. Porter 
 
 Jules C. A. Schenofsky 
 
 Charles H. Rockwell * 
 
 Walter S. Schuyler 
 
 Eben Swift, Jr 
 
 Augustus C. Macomb 
 
 June I, '61. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Sept. 4, '63. 
 Sept. 29, '64. 
 Aug. 11, '67. 
 Nov. 14, '67. 
 Sept. 12/68. 
 Nov. 30, '69. 
 July 29, '76. 
 June 4, '78. 
 
 COMPANY C. 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 
 '55 
 
 Apr. 6, 
 
 '61 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 '61 
 
 June 28, 
 
 '61 
 
 Dec. 7, 
 
 '63 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 Dec. 8, 
 
 '66 
 
 Dec. 15, 
 
 '70 
 
 3. James Oakes 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss*. 
 
 18. Robert N. Eagle* 
 
 16. William B. Royall 
 
 31. John B. Mcintosh * . . . 
 
 36. Gustavus Urban * 
 
 35. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 46. Emil Adam 
 
 Apr. 6, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 •61. 
 
 June 28, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Dec. 7, 
 
 '63- 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 Dec. 8, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Dec. 15, 
 
 '70. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 21, '61 
 Jan. 15, '62 
 Nov. 2, '63 
 Sept. 12, '64 
 Jan. 2, '67 
 Mar. 1, '67 
 May 27, '70 
 Nov. 21, '71 
 Apr. 24, '73 
 May 9, '77 
 Nov. 20, '78 
 
 7. William B. Royall . . 
 
 21. Wesley Owens 
 
 36. Leicester Walker . . . 
 52. James T. Baden*... 
 59. Alfred B. Taylor . . . 
 
 66. James C. Cooley * . 
 72. Edward P. Doherty , 
 
 67. James Burns , 
 
 78. Alfred B. Bache 
 
 76. John B. Babcock . . , 
 99. George B. Davis * . 
 97. Walter S. Schuyler. 
 
 Mar. 21, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Jan. 15, 
 
 '62. 
 
 Nov. 2, 
 
 '63. 
 
 Sept. 12 
 
 '64 
 
 Dec. 31, 
 
 '66 
 
 Mar. 1, 
 
 '67. 
 
 May 27, 
 
 '70 
 
 Nov. 21, 
 
 '7i 
 
 Apr. 24, 
 
 '73 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '77 
 
 Nov. 20 
 
 •78 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 June 28, '60 
 Apr. 26, '61 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 6. Edwin R. Merrifield * 
 
 12. James B. Witherell 
 
 23. Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 33. E. B. Shields* 
 
 Declined. 
 June 28, '60. 
 Apr. 6, '61. 
 Declined. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Second Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 May 7, '61 
 Aug. 5, '6 1 
 Sept. 21, '6i 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 June ii, '63 
 Sept. 3. '63 
 Feb. 23, '66 
 June 13, '67 
 Sept. 4, '67 
 Aug. 4, '68 
 Mar. 11, '69 
 June 15, '70 
 Nov. 21, '71 
 June 14, '72 
 Dec. 7, '72 
 June 15, '77 
 June 13, '79 
 Sept. 4. '79 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson 
 45. Reuben C. Winslow. . 
 
 47. Richard Byrnes 
 
 68. John Stoddard. 
 
 72. 
 
 62. 
 
 87. 
 100. 
 107. 
 
 Kenelm Robbins . . . 
 
 Temple Buford 
 
 Robert F. Stockton . 
 
 Peter V. Haskin * . . 
 
 Frank C. Morehead . 
 in. Robert A. Edwards . 
 107. Frank C. Morehead., 
 121. Edward C. Edgerton 
 113. Earl D. Thomas*. . 
 
 126. Charles H. Watts* 60 
 
 127. Edward L. Keyes 61 . 
 139. Henry J. Goldman. . 
 143. James E. Runcie *. . 
 147. William E. Almy . . . 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenants. 
 July 1, '56 I 4. Fitzhugh Lee 
 July 1, '57 
 
 Aug. 23 
 
 '61. 
 
 Sept. 21 
 
 '61 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 May 25, 
 
 '63 
 
 Sept. 3, 
 
 '63 
 
 Jan. 11, 
 
 '64 
 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 '66 
 
 Nov. 6, 
 
 '67 
 
 Aug. 9, 
 
 '68 
 
 Apr. 3, 
 
 •6q 
 
 Jan. 3, 
 
 '70 
 
 Nov. 21 
 
 '71 
 
 Mar. 1, 
 
 '72 
 
 Dec. 7, 
 
 'r- 
 
 Apr. 28, 
 
 '11 
 
 June 18, 
 
 '79 
 
 Aug. 11, 
 
 '79- 
 
 I Jan. 1, '58. 
 
 6. John T. Magruder* | Apr. 24, '58. 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Mar. 30, 
 Apr. 2, 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 Apr. 6, 
 June 19, 
 July 8, 
 Jan. 15, 
 May 1, 
 
 COMPANY D. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 4. Innis N. Palmer 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss 
 
 32. Samuel S. Sumner 
 
 57. William J. Volkmar 
 
 First Lieutenants." 
 
 9. William P. Chambliss 
 
 24. Abraham K. Arnold * 
 
 28. William McLean * 
 
 30. Louis D. Watkins 
 
 35. Joseph P. Ash 
 
 30. Louis D. Watkins 
 
 Apr. 25, '61, 
 Mar. 30, '64. 
 Apr. 2, '79. 
 
 Apr. 6, '61. 
 June 1, '61. 
 July 8, '61. 
 Jan. 21, '62. 
 May 1, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 
 •° Dropped from company rolls by regimental order, December 7, 1872. 
 
 81 Assigned to company — regimental order, October 2, 1872— to date from July 27, 1872. 
 
 64 First Lieutenant Porter was transferred from Company E to Company D, vice Watkins, Janu- 
 ary 21, 1862. He then held a commission as a commissary of subsistence, to date from August 3, 
 1861, and, having resigned his regimental commission, to take effect January 15, 1862, his name is 
 omitted, as a first lieutenant, from the rolls of Company D. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 609 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62 
 
 Feb. 17, 
 
 '66 
 
 Aug. 15, 
 
 •67 
 
 July 29, 
 
 '76 
 
 Nov. 20, 
 
 '78 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 July 1, '55 
 Oct. i, '58 
 Mar. 23, '61 
 May 6, '61 
 June 11, '61 
 June 24, '61 
 Feb. 25, '63 
 July 18, '63 
 May 3, '65 
 Mar. 7, '67 
 Apr. 3, '69 
 June 12, '71 
 June 15, '77 
 
 First Lieutenants— Continued. 
 
 43. Frank W. Dickerson 
 
 65. James P. Ruggles 
 
 75. Calbraith P. Rodgers 
 
 97. Walter S. Schuyler * 
 
 99. George B. Davis 
 
 Second Lieutenants." 
 
 7. George Hartwell * 
 
 14. Cornelius Van Camp . . . 
 22. George A. Cunningham 
 26. Charles H. Tompkins*. 
 36. Charles E. Hazlett 
 
 42. Samuel S. Sumner 
 
 43. John R. Edie * 
 
 69. Joseph H. Wood 
 
 65. John H. Kane 
 
 80. James C. Cooley 
 
 98. Alfred B. Bache 
 
 in. Robert A Edwards 
 
 124. George B. Davis 
 
 140. James V. S. Paddock. . . 
 
 Feb. 17, '66. 
 Aug 15, '67. 
 July 29, '76. 
 Nov. 20, '78. 
 
 Aug. 21, '55. 
 Oct. 1, '58. 
 Feb. 27, 61. 
 Apr. 30, '61. 
 June 18, '61. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Oct. 17, '61. 
 June 1, '63. 
 Nov. 19, '63. 
 July 28, '66. 
 July 20, '68. 
 Oct. 31, '70. 
 May 9, '77. 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenants. 
 July 1, '55 I 2. Albert V. Colburn I Sept. 30/55. 
 
 July 1, '60 I 8. Wade H. Gibbes * 
 
 Nov. 1, '60. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 May 9, '61 
 July 31, '66 
 Aug. 29, "72 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 
 May 17, '57 
 
 June 28, '60 
 
 Mar. 20, '61 
 
 COMPANY E. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 5. George Stoneman, Jr. . * 
 
 19. William W. Lowe 
 
 38. Philip Dwyer 
 
 50. George F. Price 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 10. Robert N. Eagle 
 
 3. Joseph H. McArthur 
 
 16. James B. Witherell 
 
 20. A. Parker Porter 
 
 May 9, '6r. 
 Aug. 31, '66. 
 Aug. 29, '72. 
 
 May 17, '57. 
 June 28, '60. 
 Mar. 20, '61. 
 Jan. 15, '62. 
 
 83 Second Lieutenant Dwyer appears on rolls following Second Lieutenant Sumner, and served 
 in that grade from September 22, 1862, to November 29, 1862 ; but as he was commissioned a first 
 lieutenant, to date from July 17, 1862, wh'ich was also the date of his second lieutenant's commis- 
 sion, his name is omitted, as a second lieutenant, from the rolls of Company D. 
 
610 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 First Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 Jan. 21, 
 
 '62 
 
 May I, 
 
 '62 
 
 Sept. 25, 
 
 '63 
 
 Jan. 1, 
 
 '65 
 
 Nov. 21, 
 
 '67 
 
 Feb. 14, 
 
 '68 
 
 Aug. 3. 
 
 '68 
 
 July 12, 
 
 '69 
 
 Jan. 3, 
 
 '70 
 
 Dec. 16, 
 
 '70 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '72 
 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 '72 
 
 Aug. 20, 
 
 '73 
 
 Aug. 15, 
 
 '74 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '75 
 
 Mar. 14, 
 
 '82 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Jan. 31, '61 
 Apr. 26, '61 
 June 10, '61 
 Feb. 19, '62 
 May 1, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 Nov. 29, '62 
 Sept. 4, '63 
 May 4, '66 
 Mar. 7, '67 
 June 15, '69 
 June 14, '72 
 June 21, '79 
 
 Louis D. Watkins 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 Robert Sweatman 
 
 Thomas E. Maley * 
 
 Robert F. Stockton 
 
 John B. Babcock * 
 
 Robert P. Wilson 
 
 Robert H. Montgomery 
 Frank C. Morehead. . . . 
 
 George F. Price 
 
 Edward M. Hayes * . . . 
 Albert E. Woodson *. . . 
 
 Edward M. Hayes * 
 
 J. Scott Payne 
 
 Phineas P. Barnard 
 
 Charles D. Parkhurst. . . 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 8. Joseph F. Minter 
 
 24. John J. Sweet * 
 
 34. Edward H. Leib 
 
 41. Henry M. Hyde * 
 
 50. Frank W. Dickerson . . . 
 
 52. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 58. James Hastings 
 
 61. Robert H. Montgomery 
 
 67. William Brophy * 
 
 90. Henry P. Wade 
 
 97. Daniel Hitchcock 
 
 112. Jacob A. Augur 
 
 125. Charles D. Parkhurst . . 
 141. John T. Barnett* 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '62. 
 
 Sept. 25 
 
 '63. 
 
 Nov. 4, 
 
 '67. 
 
 Oct. 15, 
 
 '65. 
 
 Feb. 14, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Aug. 10, 
 
 '68. 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '69. 
 
 Jan. 3. 
 
 70. 
 
 Oct. 1, 
 
 '70. 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 '72- 
 
 Aug. 20, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Aug. 15, 
 
 '74- 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Mar. 14, 
 
 '82. 
 
 Jan. 31, 
 
 '6i. 
 
 Apr. 16, 
 
 '6i. 
 
 June 10, 
 
 '6i. 
 
 Dec. 14 
 
 '61. 
 
 May 1, 
 
 ■62. 
 
 May 9, 
 
 '62 
 
 Dec. 1, 
 
 02 
 
 Nov. 19 
 
 '63 
 
 Sept. 12 
 
 ,'63. 
 
 Mar. 7, 
 
 67 
 
 July 10, 
 
 '68 
 
 Jan. 11, 
 
 '7i 
 
 Aug. 23 
 
 '73 
 
 July i, '57 
 July 1, '59 
 July i, '60 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenants. 
 
 5. Manning M. Kimmel * 
 
 7. Abraham K. Arnold * 
 
 9. John J. Sweet * 
 
 Apr. 24, '58. 
 June 28, '60. 
 Jan. 31, '61. 
 
 COMPANY F. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 I 6. Theodore O'Hara I Dec. 1, '56. 
 
 Dec. 1, '56 I 12. Richard W. Johnson | July 17, '62. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Gil 
 
 from. Captains— Continued. 
 
 July 17, '621 26. Thomas Drummond 
 
 Apr. i, '65 34. William H. Brown 
 
 June 4, '75 I 52. J. Scott Payne 
 
 Apr. 1, '65. 
 June 4, '75. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 May 1, '56 
 Jan. 13, '58 
 Aug. 2, '59 
 Feb. 22, '61 
 Apr. I, '61 
 June 10, '61 
 Apr. 13, '63 
 Jan. 12, '66 
 July 20, '68 
 Apr. 25, '69 
 May 4, '70 
 Apr. 24, '73 
 Nov. 12, '76 
 
 Nathan G. Evans 
 
 John T. Shaaff 
 
 Walter H. Jenifer 
 
 John T. Shaaff 
 
 Charles W. Phifer * 
 
 Manning M. Kimmel *. . . 
 
 34. Edward H. Leib 
 
 49. Henry Baker 
 
 64. Augustus H. D. Williams. 
 
 78. Alfred B. Bache 
 
 82. Edward W. Ward 
 
 76. John B. Babcock 
 
 78. Alfred B. Bache 
 
 qS. Frank Michler 
 
 23 
 
 May 
 Jan. 
 Aug. 
 Feb. 
 Apr. 
 Aug. 
 Apr. 
 Jan. 
 
 July 
 
 Apr. 
 May 
 Apr. 
 Nov. 
 
 1, '56. 
 
 13. '58. 
 
 2, '59- 
 
 22, '6l. 
 I, '6l. 
 
 14, '6l. 
 13. '63- 
 
 12, '66. 
 20, '68. 
 25, '69- 
 4, '70. 
 24. '73- 
 12, '76. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 27, '61 
 June 8, '61 
 July 17, '62 
 Mar. 12, '65 
 Feb. 23, '66 
 Feb. 5, '67 
 June 15, '68 
 July 14, '69 
 July 28, '76 
 Aug. 18, '76 
 June 11, '81 
 
 Charles W. Phifer 
 
 Sullivan W. Burbank * . . . 
 
 John B. Mcintosh 
 
 James T. Baden 
 
 Augustus H. D. Williams. 
 
 Edward M. Hayes 
 
 John P. Cummings 
 
 William C. Forbush 
 
 William P. Hall 
 
 Samuel A. Cherry 
 
 Horatio G. Sickel, Jr. * . . . 
 Lester W. Cornish 
 
 Feb. 
 May 
 June 
 Nov. 
 Jan. 
 Aug. 
 Aug. 
 July 
 July 
 May 
 Sept. 
 
 22, '61. 
 14, '61. 
 27, '62. 
 2, '63. 
 12, '66. 
 20, '66. 
 18, '68. 
 
 12, '69. 
 
 I, '76. 
 II, '81. 
 
 20/76. 
 
 July 1, '55 I 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenant. 
 1. Junius B. Wheeler * 
 
 I Aug. 21, '55- 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 21, '61 
 June 28, '61 
 
 COMPANY G. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 7. William R. Bradfute 
 
 [6. William B. Royall * 
 
 18. Robert N. Eagle Jan. 15 
 
 Mar. 21, '61. 
 June 28, '61. 
 
612 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Jan. 15, '62 
 Aug. 11, '67 
 Dec. 22, '68 
 Aug. 31, '70 
 Mar. 1, '72 
 Aug. 15, '74 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Dec. 1, '56 
 May 31, '58 
 Feb. 27, '61 
 May 30, '61 
 Oct. 10, '62 
 Aug. 31, '63 
 July 28, '66 
 Jan. 1, '68 
 June 9, '68 
 Apr. 15, '69 
 July 20, '69 
 Nov. 21, '71 
 Mar. 1, '72 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Aug. 18, '58 
 Apr. 26, '61 
 June 24, '61 
 July 17, '62 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Sept. 4, '63 
 Oct. 31, '63 
 May 3, '65 
 Feb. 23, '66 
 June 18, '66 
 Aug. 17, '67 
 Aug. 13, '69 
 Oct. 21, '70 
 Apr. 29, '72 
 Dec. 12, '72 
 June 13, '73 
 Sept. 4, '79 
 
 Captains — Continued. 
 
 21 . Wesley Owens 
 
 39. James Hastings , 
 
 41. John H. Kane 
 
 45. Alexander S. Clarke , 
 
 49. James Burns 
 
 5 1 . Edward M. Hayes 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 2. Richard W. Johnson 
 14. William W. Lowe . . 
 
 5. Kenner Garrard 
 
 19. James E. Harrison. . 
 32. Thomas Drummond. 
 
 45. Henry Jones 
 
 46. Jeremiah C. Denney. 
 William Binning. . . . 
 James P. Ruggles. . . 
 Amos Webster * . . . . 
 
 Jacob Almy 
 
 Alfred B. Bache 
 
 James Burns 
 
 92. Earl D. Thomas. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 21. 
 32. 
 44- 
 56. 
 63- 
 66. 
 74- 
 79- 
 86. 
 91. 
 K>5. 
 116. 
 119, 
 123, 
 128 
 132 
 146 
 
 George B. Anderson * . 
 
 John B. Hood 
 
 Manning M. Kimmel . 
 Edward W. Hinks*... 
 George A. Custer . . . , . 
 
 Henry Jones 
 
 Conrad Murat 
 
 Edward Murphy 
 
 Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 James P. Ruggles 
 
 Michael V. Sheridan * ' 
 
 J. Scott Payne , 
 
 J. Edwin Leas 
 
 Adolphus W. Greely *. 
 Edward G. Stevens . . 
 
 Reid T. Stewart* 
 
 William Dulany *...., 
 
 Hoel S. Bishop , 
 
 Henry De H. Waite . 
 
 Aug. 11, '67. 
 Dec. 22, '68. 
 Aug. 31, '70. 
 Mar. 1, '72. 
 Aug. 15, '74- 
 
 Dec. 
 May 
 Feb. 
 May 
 July 
 Aug. 
 
 July 
 
 Jan. 
 June 
 Apr. 
 
 July 
 
 Nov. 
 Mar. 
 
 I, '56. 
 3i, '58. 
 
 27, '61. 
 30, '61. 
 17, '62. 
 3i, '63- 
 
 28, '66. 
 1, '68 
 9, '68. 
 15, '69. 
 
 20, '69. 
 
 21, '71. 
 1, '72. 
 
 Declined 
 Aug. 18, 
 Apr. 1, 
 June 4, 
 July 17- 
 Oct. 10, 
 Aug. 27, 
 Dec. 7, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Feb. 17, 
 July 28, 
 May 23, 
 Aug. 13, 
 Oct. 21, 
 Dec. 1, 
 Aug. 27, 
 June 3, 
 June 14, 
 
 • 4 See foot-note on page 615. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 611 
 
 FROM. 
 
 Sept. 30, '55 I 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenant. 
 2. Albert V. Colburn 
 
 TO. 
 
 I Oct. i, '55. 
 
 COMPANY H. 
 
 Mar. 3. '55 
 May 1, '56 
 Feb. 27, '61 
 Nov. 2, '63 
 Dec. 30, '70 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 May 17, '57 
 Apr. 25, '61 
 June 22, '61 
 July 8, '61 
 July 17, '62 
 Oct. 10, '62 
 Aug. 3i. '63 
 Nov. 30, '64 
 Nov. 19, '63 
 Dec. 22, '68 
 Mar. 19, '70 
 Aug. 4, '70 
 June 5, '71 
 Aug. 23, '78 
 Mar. 14, '82 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 June 18, 
 Aug. 21, 
 Aug. 27, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Apr. 30, 
 Oct. 17, 
 Mar. 24, 
 July 13, 
 
 Captains. 
 
 8. Charles E. Travis. . 
 
 11. Nathan G. Evans . . 
 
 15. Kenner Garrard . . . 
 
 30. Leicester Walker . . 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 3. Joseph H. McArthur. 
 
 10. Robert N. Eagle 
 
 26. William O. Williams . 
 
 30. Louis D. Watkins * . . 
 
 28. William McLean 
 
 42. Harrison Fosdick 
 
 46. Jeremiah C. Denney . 
 
 48. Henry Jones 
 
 44. Thomas E. Maley * . . 
 
 53. John H. Kane 
 
 80. Peter V. Haskin 
 
 86. William J. Volkmar* 
 
 81. Jacob Almy* 
 
 82. Edward W. Ward . . . 
 100. Charles D. Parkhurst. 
 
 95. Phineas P. Barnard*. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 4. Nelson B. Sweitzer * . 
 13. John Williams * 
 
 15. Junius B. Wheeler . . . 
 
 16. James E. Harrison. . . 
 25. William O. Williams. 
 
 35. Joseph P. Ash 
 
 35. Joseph P. Ash 
 
 51. Charles S. Brooks 
 
 49. Harrison Fosdick . . . 
 
 May i, '56. 
 Feb. 27, '61. 
 Nov. 2, '63. 
 Dec. 30, '70. 
 
 May 17, 
 
 '57- 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 *6i. 
 
 June 10, 
 
 •61. 
 
 July 8, 
 
 •6i. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 •62. 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 •02. 
 
 Aug. 31, 
 
 '63. 
 
 Nov. 19 
 
 '63. 
 
 Jan. I, 
 
 Y, 5 . 
 
 Dec. 22, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Mar. 19, 
 
 '70 
 
 Aug. 4, 
 
 '70 
 
 June 5, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Aug. 23, 
 
 '78. 
 
 Mar. 14 
 
 '82 
 
 Declined. 
 June 30, '55. 
 June 27, '56. 
 Feb. 27, '61. 
 Apr. 25/61. 
 July 21, '61. 
 Jan. 15, '62. 
 July 7, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 
 • & Lieutenant Denney was appointed a second lieutenant, vice Fosdick, to date from July 
 17, 1862, and served as such in Company H to October 16, 1862 ; but as he was commissioned a 
 first lieutenant, to date from July 17, 1862, which was also the date of his second lieutenant's com- 
 mission, his name is omitted, as a second lieutenant, from the rolls of Company H. 
 
614 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 Feb. 19, '63 66. Edward Murphy 
 
 Sept. 4, '63 64. Myles Moylan 
 
 May 18, '64 75- J° hn Trevor 
 
 Jan. I, '65 77. William H. Churchill 
 
 Apr. 19, '66 88. Edward P. Doherty . . 
 
 June 17, '67 101. Jacob Almy 
 
 July 14, '69 117. Phineas P. Barnard.. 
 
 June 16, '75 133- Edwin P. Andrus 
 
 Sept. 4, '63. 
 Oct. 20, '63. 
 Sept. 19, '64. 
 Aug. 3, '65. 
 Mar. I, '67. 
 Apr. 15, '69. 
 June 4, '75. 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 
 July 17, '62 
 
 July 28, '66 
 
 Dec. 8, '66 
 
 Jan. II, '71 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 Jan. 31, 
 Mar. 31, 
 May 21, 
 July 17, 
 Dec. 1, 
 Sept. 4, 
 Aug. 20, 
 June 22, 
 Mar. 1, 
 June 4, 
 May 1, 
 
 Captains. 
 
 9. Albert G. Brackett. 
 
 24. Louis D. Watkins * 
 
 35. Thomas E. Maley * 
 
 36. Gustavus Urban . . . 
 48. Sanford C. Kellogg 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 4. Charles W. Field . . . 
 17. Joseph F. Minter*. . 
 
 22. Fitzhugh Lee * 
 
 31. Junius B. Holloway. 
 45. Gustavus Urban *. . . 
 41. William H. Brown* 
 45. Gustavus Urban 
 70. Edward M. Hayes . . 
 83. George F. Mason * . 
 85. Bernard Reilly, Jr.. . 
 
 90. Charles King * 
 
 103. George O. Eaton. . . . 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62. 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Dec. 8, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Jan. II, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Jan. 31, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Mar. 31, 
 
 '61. 
 
 May 21, 
 
 '61. 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '62. 
 
 Aug. 12, 
 
 '63. 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 63- 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66. 
 
 June 22 
 
 '69. 
 
 Mar. I, 
 
 '70. 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '78. 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '79- 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 Mar. 3, 
 July 1, 
 Apr. 26, 
 July 21, 
 Oct. 17, 
 Oct. 26, 
 Feb. 19, 
 Sept. 4, 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 John T. Shaaff 
 
 Wesley Owens 
 
 Thomas Drummond. 
 
 Joseph P. Ash 
 
 John R. Edie * 
 
 Harrison Fosdick . . . 
 67. William Brophy 
 70. Joseph P. Henley. . . 
 73. Richard Fitzgerald * 
 
 May 
 Mar. 
 May 
 Oct. 
 Oct. 
 
 July 
 
 Sept. 
 Mar. 
 June 
 
 1, '56. 
 21, '61. 
 30, '61. 
 17, '61. 
 23, '61. 
 13, '62. 
 • 4. '63- 
 30. '64- 
 12, '64. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 615 
 
 FKOM. 
 
 Feb. 23, *66 
 June 18, '67 
 July 22, '67 
 June 15, '69 
 Nov. 21, '71 
 June 13, '73 
 June 13, '79 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 84. Henry Jayne * 
 
 102. E. Willard Warren * 
 
 103. Edward W. Ward 
 
 113. Earl D. Thomas 
 
 121. Edward C. Edgerton 
 
 1 30. Robert London 
 
 144. Luther S. Welborn 
 
 Declined. 
 Declined. 
 Apr. 25, '69. 
 Nov. 21, '71. 
 Dec. 31, '72. 
 May 1, '79. 
 
 Mar. 3, *55 
 
 July 17, '62 
 
 Dec. 6, '62 
 
 July 1, '76 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 June 30, '55 
 Aug. 18, '58 
 Apr. 16, '61 
 Oct. 23, '61 
 Aug. 12, '63 
 Sept. 4, '63 
 Oct. 15, '65 
 July 28, '66 
 May 27, '70 
 Jan. 1, '71 
 Oct. 5, '76 
 May I, '79 
 
 Mar. 3, '55 
 Dec. 1, '56 
 Mar. 27, '61 
 May 8, '61 
 Apr. 14, '62 
 May I, '62 
 July 17, '62 
 
 COMPANY K. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 10. Charles J. Whiting I July 17, '62. 
 
 25. Junius B. Holloway * | Dec. 6, '62. 
 
 27. Julius W. Mason I July 1, '76. 
 
 53. Albert E. Woodson I 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 5. Kenner Garrard 
 
 11. Charles Radziminski 
 
 15. John B. Hood 
 
 25. John J. Sweet 
 
 33. Julius W. Mason. . . . 
 
 45. Gustavus Urban .... 
 
 41. William H. Brown * 
 
 44. Thomas E. Maley *. 
 
 67. 
 
 72. 
 
 90. 
 
 87. 
 
 102. 
 
 James Burns 
 
 Edward P. Doherty . . 
 
 Charles King 
 
 William C. Forbush * 
 Robert London 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 5. William W. Lowe 
 
 19. James P. Major 
 
 27. William McLean 
 
 38. Leicester Walker 
 
 52. Thomas E. Maley 
 
 50. Frank W. Dickerson 
 
 59. Robert Sweatman 
 
 Apr. 20, 
 
 '55 
 
 Aug. 18, 
 
 '58 
 
 Apr. 16, 
 
 '61 
 
 Oct. 23, 
 
 '61 
 
 Dec. 6, 
 
 '62 
 
 Sept. 4, 
 
 •63. 
 
 Apr. 1, 
 
 6S 
 
 July 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 May 27, 
 
 ?o. 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Oct. 5, 
 
 •70 
 
 May 1, 
 
 '79 
 
 Dec. 1, '56. 
 Mar. 2i, '61. 
 May 9, '61. 
 Jan 15, '62. 
 May I, '62. 
 July 17, '62. 
 Sept. 25, '63. 
 
 «• Lieutenant Sheridan was assigned to Company K, by transfer from Company G, October 
 9 , 1866, and served with Company K October 10-20, 1866 ; but as his commission of captain in 
 the Seventh Cavalry dates from July 28, 1866, his name is dropped from the rolls of Company 
 G on that date, and is also omitted, as a second lieutenant, from the rolls of Company K. 
 
616 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 June 
 
 7. 
 
 '64 
 
 Aug. 
 
 9. 
 
 '65 
 
 Nov. 
 
 19. 
 
 '66 
 
 Nov. 
 
 6, 
 
 '67 
 
 Nov. 
 
 30. 
 
 '67 
 
 May 
 
 4, 
 
 *68 
 
 June 
 
 15. 
 
 '70 
 
 June 
 
 15. 
 
 '77 1 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 77. William H. Churchill 
 
 81. James Burns 
 
 93. Calbraith P. Rodgers 
 
 94. John B. Babcock 
 
 96. Amos Webster * 
 
 108. Bernard Reilly, Jr 
 
 122. Frank Michler 
 
 Nov. 1, '60 J 
 
 Brevet Second Lieutenant. 
 8. Wade H. Gibbes * , 
 
 Jan. i, '65. 
 July 28, '66. 
 Aug. 15, '67. 
 Feb. 14, '68. 
 June 9, '68. 
 Mar. i, '70. 
 Nov. 12, '76. 
 
 I Jan. 
 
 '61. 
 
 COMPANY L. 
 
 [Authorized by Act of Congress, July 17, 1862. Fully organized October 27, 1865.] 
 
 July 17, '62 
 June 22, '69 
 May 1, '79 
 
 July 17, '62 
 Mar. 30, '64 
 June 12, '64 
 July 31, '66 
 Aug. 11, '67 
 Dec. 15, '70 
 Aug. 22, '72 
 Aug. 20, '73 
 July 1, '76 
 Oct. 5, '76 
 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 June I, '63 
 May 4, '66 
 Jan. 22, '67 
 Nov. 6, '67 
 June 15, '69 
 
 Captains. 
 22. Abraham K. Arnold *. . . , 
 
 43. Alfred B. Taylor 
 
 58. William C. Forbush 
 
 June 22, '69. 
 May 1, '79. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 38. Samuel S. Sumner *. , 
 55. Joseph P. Henley * . , 
 57. Kenelm Robbins *. . , 
 
 50. James Hastings 
 
 74. Charles B. Brady . . . 
 89. Albert E. Woodson . 
 70. Edward M. Hayes* . 
 89. Albert E. Woodson . 
 
 William P. Hall * Oct. 
 
 Charles H. Rockwell ' 
 
 Mar. 30 
 
 '64 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '64 
 
 July 31. 
 
 V,6 
 
 Aug. 11, 
 
 •67. 
 
 Nov. 30, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Aug. 20, 
 
 '73 
 
 July 1, 
 
 •76 
 
 Oct. 5, 
 
 '76. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 65. John H. Kane * 
 
 71. Robert P. Wilson * 
 
 89. James W. Walsh 
 
 94. John B. Babcock 
 
 100. Peter V. Haskin 
 
 115. William F. Smith * 
 
 July 18, '63. 
 Sept. 4, '63. 
 July 28, '66. 
 Nov. 6, '67. 
 Dec. 22, '68. 
 Declined. 
 
 87 Lieutenant Urban was appointed a second lieutenant July 17, 1862. to fill an original va- 
 cancy ; but as he was commissioned a first lieutenant with the same date, July 17, 1862, his name 
 is omitted, as a second lieutenant, from the roils of Company L. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 017 
 
 Nov. 30, '69 
 Dec 12, '72 
 Oct. 15, '75 
 
 Second Lieutenants — Continued. 
 
 114. Charles H. Rockwell 
 
 1 29. Edwin P. Eckerson 
 
 134. Homer W. Wheeler 
 
 Aug. 29, '72. 
 July 15, '75. 
 
 COMPANY M. 
 [Authorized by Act of Congress, July 17, 1862. Fully organized February 23, 1863. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 July 17, '62 
 Apr. 13, '63 
 
 May 9, '77 
 
 July 17, '62 
 May 8, '64 
 Aug. 10, '68 
 May 4, '70 
 Aug. 4, '70 
 June 5, '71 
 May 27, '73 
 May 25, '80 
 
 23. William McLean 
 28. Edward H. Leib. 
 55. John B. Babcock 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 39. George A Custer 
 
 56. Robert P. Wilson 
 
 76. John B. Babcock 
 
 82. Edward W. Ward 
 
 86. William J. Volkmar. . . 
 
 81. Jacob Almy 
 
 94. Adolphus \V. Greely*. 
 101. Charles H. Watts 
 
 Apr. 13, '63. 
 May 9, '77. 
 
 May 8, '64. 
 Aug. 3, '68. 
 May 4, '70. 
 June 5, '71. 
 Nov. I, '70. 
 May 27, '73. 
 May 25, '80. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 Feb. 19, '63 
 Sept. 3, '63 
 Feb. 16, '65 
 Feb. 23, '66 
 Mar. 30, '67 
 Nov. 14, '67 
 June 15, '68 
 June 12, '71 
 July 27, '72 
 Dec. 7, '72 
 June 18, '79 
 
 02. 
 
 72. 
 
 61. 
 
 83. 
 
 99. 
 104. 
 109. 
 123. 
 127. 
 120, 
 138, 
 
 Temple Buford 
 
 Kenelm Robbins 
 
 Robert H. Montgomery. 
 
 George F. Price 
 
 Jules C. A- Schenofsky . 
 
 William L. Porter 
 
 William J. Volkmar 
 
 Reid T. Stewart * 
 
 Edward L. Keyes * . . . . 
 
 Charles H. Watts 
 
 Henry J. Goldman 
 
 Sept. 3, 
 
 ■<>3 
 
 June 12, 
 
 '64. 
 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 '65 
 
 July 31. 
 
 '66. 
 
 Nov. 14, 
 
 '67. 
 
 Apr. 23, 
 
 '68 
 
 Mar. 19, 
 
 70 
 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 '72 
 
 Dec. 7, 
 
 '72 
 
 Apr. 2, 
 
 '79 
 
618 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 7. 
 OFFICERS COMMISSIONED 
 
 in the Armies of the United States who have served as 
 Enlisted Men in the Fifth Cavalry. 
 
 First Sergeant James T. Baden. 
 Sergeant-Major Henry Baker. 
 First Sergeant William Berry. 
 Private Matthew Berry. 
 Bugler Peter M. Boehm. 
 First Sergeant William Brophy. 
 Sergeant William H. Brown. 
 Private George Buckley. 
 First Sergeant James Burns. 
 
 Sergeant James Cahill. 
 
 Sergeant Miles G. Carter. 68 
 
 First Sergeant William H. Churchill. 
 
 Private James C. Cooley. 
 
 Sergeant Patrick Collins. 
 
 Private John P. Cummings. 
 
 Sergeant-Major Jeremiah C. Denney. 
 Quartermaster-Sergeant Philip Dwyer. 
 
 First Sergeant Richard Fitzgerald. 
 
 First Sergeant Henry Gordon. 
 
 Private Edward Harris. 
 Sergeant James Hastings. 
 Bugler Edward M. Hayes. 
 Sergeant William C. Hemphill. 
 
 First Sergeant Joseph P. Henley. 
 Private Francis Hitchcock. 
 
 First Sergeant Henry Jones. 
 
 First Sergeant John H. Kane. 
 
 Quartermaster-Sergeant Thos. E. Maley. 
 Sergeant Joseph S. McCoy. 
 Sergeant Curwin B. McLellan. 
 
 Sergeant McQuinn. 
 
 Sergeant Wilbur F. Melbourne. 
 
 First Sergeant Robert H. Montgomery. 
 
 Sergeant Edward Murphy. 
 
 Private William C. Sammons. " 
 
 Private Fred W. Schaurte. 
 
 First Sergeant John W. Spangler. 
 
 First Sergeant Samuel P. Spear. 
 
 Sergeant John Stoddard. 
 
 First Sergeant Robert Sweatman. 
 
 Private Alfred B. Taylor. 
 
 Quartermaster-Sergt. Gustavus Urban. 
 
 Sergeant Gustavus Valois. 
 
 Sergeant Robert B. Ward. 
 Corporal Augustus H. D. Williams. 
 
 • 8 Was a captain, Third Pennsylvania Cavalry. 
 Cavalry, revoked July 28, 1866. 
 
 •» Appointment canceled September 18, 1866. 
 
 Appointment as a second lieutenant, Eighth 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 G19 
 
 No. 8. 
 
 STATIONS, CHANGES OF STATIONS, AND FIELD-SER- 
 VICE OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 REGIMENTAL HEADQUARTERS. 
 
 Apr. 20, '55 
 Sept. 9, '55 
 Oct. 27, '55 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Jan. 2, '56 
 Jan. 14, '56 
 Apr. 1, '56 
 Dec. 9, '57 
 Dec. 13, '57 
 June 26, '58 
 July 8, '58 
 Feb. 23, '59 
 Feb. 24, '59 
 Oct. I, '59 
 Nov. 22, '59 
 July 23, '60 
 Aug. 30, '60 
 Nov. 5, '60 
 Nov. 11, '60 
 Mar. 29, '61 
 Apr. 27, '61 
 June 1, '61 
 Aug. 28, '61 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 June 5, '65 
 Oct. 24, '65 
 Oct. 26, '65 
 July I, '69 
 July 9, '69 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Jan. 8, '72 
 Mar. 4, '73 
 Mar. 8, '73 
 
 Louisville 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. . . . 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 San Antonio 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. . . 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper. . . . 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks. 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson. 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell. 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Lowell. . . . 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Texas 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Va., Md.... 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa 
 Maryland.. . 
 D. C 
 
 Nebraska . . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Sept. 9, 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 Apr. 1, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Dec. 13, 
 June 26, 
 July 8, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Feb. 24, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 22, 
 July 23, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Nov. 5. 
 Nov. 11, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Apr. 27, 
 June 1, 
 Aug. 28, 
 Mar. 10, 
 June 5, 
 Oct. 24, 
 Oct. 26, 
 July 1, 
 
 July 9. 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 8, 
 Mar. 4, 
 Mar. 8, 
 May 1, 
 
620 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 FR0M - Regimental Headquarters — Continued. 
 
 May i, '75 En route to Fort Hays 
 
 June 29, '75 Fort Hays 
 
 Oct. 28, '75 Field-service 
 
 Nov. 4, '75 Fort Hays 
 
 June 5, '76 Field-service (B. H.&Y. Expedition) 
 
 Nov. 2, '76 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Aug. 29, '77 Field-service 
 
 Oct. 25, '77 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 May 20, '78 Field service 
 
 Nov. 24, '78 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Oct. 1, '79 Field-service (Ute Expedition) 
 
 Nov. 29, '79 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Apr. 29, '80 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 May 2, '8o Fort Laramie 
 
 Aug. 11, '82 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 Aug. 16, '82 Fort Sidney 
 
 COMPANY A. 
 
 June 22, '55 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 Oct. 27, '55 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Dec. 27, '55 Fort Belknap 
 
 Dec. 31, '55 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Jan. 3, '56 Camp Cooper 
 
 June 12, '56 Field-service 
 
 July 23, '56 Camp Cooper 
 
 July 28, '56 En route to Camp Colorado 
 
 Aug. 2, '56 Camp Colorado 
 
 Nov. 13, '57 Field-service 
 
 Dec. 15, "57 Camp Colorado 
 
 July 2, '58 Field-service 
 
 Aug. 6, '58 Fort Chadbourne 
 
 Sept. 5, '58 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Sept. 11, "58 Fort Belknap 
 
 Sept. 15, '58 En route to Camp Radziminski. 
 
 Sept. 23, '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Sept. 29, '58 Field-service 
 
 Oct. IO, '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Oct. 28, '58 i Field-service 
 
 Nov. 14, '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Dec. 12, '58 Field-service 
 
 Dec. 23, '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Apr. 30, '59 Field-service 
 
 May 31, '59 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Missouri. 
 Texas . . . 
 
 C.N. 
 
 Texas 
 
 C. N 
 
 C. N., Texas. 
 
 N 
 
 N , Texas. 
 
 N 
 
 N., Texas. 
 
 N 
 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Dec. 31, 
 Jan. 3, 
 June 12, 
 July 23, 
 July 28, 
 Aug. 2, 
 Nov. 13, 
 Dec. 15, 
 July 2, 
 Aug. 6. 
 Sept. 5, 
 Sept. 11, 
 Sept 15, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Oct. 28, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Dec. 12, 
 Dec. 23, 
 Apr. 30. 
 May 31, 
 June 12, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 621 
 
 Company A — Continued. 
 
 June 12, '59 
 June 19, '59 
 July 26, '59 
 July 29, '59 
 Sept. I, '59 
 Sept. 4, '59 
 Apr. 22, '60 
 June 10, '60 I 
 July 22, '60 
 Aug. 24, '60 
 Mar. 29, '61 
 Apr. 27, '61 
 June 1, '61 
 Sept. 14, '61 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 June 5, '65 
 Jan. 3, '66 
 Jan. 4, '66 
 Jan. 15, '66 
 Jan. 28, '66 
 Feb. 12, '66 
 Mar. 4, '66 
 Apr. 1, '66 
 Apr. 6, '66 
 June 12, '67 
 June 15, '67 
 July 26, '67 
 Aug. 3, '67 
 Oct. 27, '67 
 Oct. 30, '67 
 Aug. 29, '68 
 Aug. 30, '68 
 Sept. 13, '68 
 Sept. 27, '68 
 Oct. 1, '68 
 July 23, '69 
 Oct. 2, '69 
 Nov. 13, '69 
 Mar. 27, '70 
 Mar. 27, '70 
 July 7. '/O 
 Sept. 25, '70 
 June 8, '71 
 June 9, '71 
 Sept. 13, '71 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Camp Colorado . . 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 En route to Fort Mason . 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks . 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland , 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Charleston 
 
 Charleston 
 
 En route to Salisbury 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 En route to Raleigh 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 En route to Kinston 
 
 Kinston , 
 
 En route to Asheville 
 
 Asheville 
 
 En route to Morganton 
 
 Morganton 
 
 En route to Raleigh 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 En route to Fort Harker . . . 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Pennsylvania . 
 
 Va., Md... . 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa 
 Maryland .... 
 
 D. C 
 
 D. C 
 
 S. Carolina . . 
 
 N. Carolina. . 
 
 Kansas. 
 
 Kans., Neb. 
 Nebraska . . . 
 Neb., Wyo . 
 Wyoming . . . 
 
 June 19, '59. 
 July 26, '59. 
 July 29, '59. 
 Sept. 1, '59. 
 Sept. 4, '59. 
 Apr. 22, '60. 
 June 10, '60. 
 July 22, '60. 
 Aug 24, '60. 
 Mar. 29, '61. 
 Apr. 27, '61. 
 June 1, '61. 
 Sept. 14, '61. 
 Mar. 10, '62. 
 June 5, '65. 
 Jan. 3, '66. 
 Jan. 4, '66. 
 Jan. 15, '66. 
 Jan. 28, '66. 
 Feb. 12, '66. 
 Mar. 4, '66. 
 Apr. 1, '66. 
 Apr. 6, '66. 
 June 12, '67. 
 June 15, '67. 
 July 26, '67. 
 Aug. 3, '67. 
 Oct. 27, '67. 
 Oct. 30, '67. 
 Aug. 29, '68. 
 Aug. 30, '68. 
 Sept. 13, '68. 
 Sept. 27, '68. 
 Oct. 1, '68. 
 July 23, '69. 
 Oct. 2. '69. 
 Nov. 13, '69. 
 Mar. 27, '70. 
 Mar. 27, '70. 
 July 7, '70. 
 Sept. 25, '70. 
 June 8, '71. 
 June 9, '71. 
 Sept. 13/71. 
 Sept. 18, '71 
 
622 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company A — Continued. 
 
 Sept. iS, '71 
 Sept. 18, '71 
 Oct. 3. '7i 
 Nov. 27, 71 
 Jan. io, '72 
 Apr. 23, '72 
 May 5, '72 
 May 19, '72 
 May 20, '72 
 July 7. '72 
 July 9, '72 
 Aug. 14, '72 
 Aug. 17, '72 
 Nov. 17, '72 
 Dec. 15, '72 
 Dec. 23, '72 
 Jan. 5, '73 
 Jan. 16, '73 
 Mar. 28, '73 
 May 8, '73 
 May 13, '73 
 Aug. 28, '73 
 Oct. 28, '73 
 Apr. 21, '74 
 Apr. 27, '74 
 Apr. 29, '74 
 May 14, '74 
 May 20, '74 
 June 9, '74 
 July 11, '74 
 July 16, '74 
 Oct. 28, '74 
 Nov. 7, '74 
 Nov. 17, '74 
 Dec. 5, '74 
 May 3, '75 
 June 29, '75 
 Oct. 28, '75 
 Nov. 5, '75 
 June 5, '76 
 Nov. 2, '76 
 May 29, '77 
 Oct. 25, '77 
 May 20, '78 
 Dec. 11, '78 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson . . , 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell . . . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Verde 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Camp near Peck's Lake 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 En route to Fort Hays 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Wyoming ( Sept. 18, '71. 
 
 Oct. 3, '71. 
 
 Nov. 27, '71. 
 
 Jan. 10, '72. 
 
 Apr. 23, '72. 
 
 May 5, '72. 
 
 May 19, '72. 
 
 May 20, '72. 
 
 July 7, '72. 
 
 July 9> '72. 
 
 Aug. 14, '72. 
 
 Aug. 17, '72. 
 
 Nov. 17, '72. 
 
 Dec. 15, '72. 
 
 Dec. 23, '72. 
 
 Jan. 5, '73. 
 
 Jan. 16, '73. 
 
 Mar. 28, '73. 
 
 May 8, '73. 
 
 May 13, '73. 
 
 Aug. 28, '73. 
 
 Oct. 28, '73. 
 
 Apr. 21, '74. 
 
 Apr. 27, '74. 
 Apr. 29, '74. 
 
 May 14, '74. 
 
 May 20, '74. 
 June 9, '74. 
 July 11, '74. 
 July 16, '74. 
 Oct. 28, '74. 
 Nov. 7, '74. 
 Nov. 17, '74. 
 Dec. 5, '74. 
 May 3, '75. 
 June 29, '75. 
 Oct. 28, '75. 
 Nov. 5, '75. 
 June 5, '76. 
 Nov. 2, '76. 
 May 29, '77. 
 Oct. 25, '77. 
 May 20, '78. 
 Dec. 11, '78. 
 Jan. 20, '79. 
 
 Wyoming , 
 
Appendix. 
 
 G23 
 
 FROM - Company A — Continued. 
 
 Jan. 20, '79 Field-service 
 
 Feb 28, '79 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Oct. 1, '79 Field-service (Ute Expedition). 
 
 Apr. 2, '80 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Apr. 29, '80 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 May 2, '80 Fort Laramie 
 
 Wyo., Neb. , 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming .... 
 
 Feb. 28, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Apr. 2, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 2, 
 
 COMPANY B. 
 
 '55 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 '55 En route to Fort Belknap. . . . 
 
 '55 Fort Belknap 
 
 '56 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 '56 Fort Mason 
 
 '56 Field-service 
 
 '56 Fort Mason 
 
 '57 En route to Fort Inge 
 
 '57 Fort Inge 
 
 '58 En route to Fort Belknap. . . . 
 
 '58 Camp near Fort Belknap 
 
 '58 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 '58 Fort Mason 
 
 '58 Field-service 
 
 '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 '58 Field-service 
 
 '58 Camp Radziminski 
 
 '59 Field-service 
 
 '59 Camp Radziminski 
 
 '59 En rotite to Camp Cooper . . . 
 
 '59 Camp Cooper 
 
 '59 En route to Camp Colorado. . 
 
 '59 Camp Colorado 
 
 '60 Field-service 
 
 '60 Camp Colorado 
 
 '61 En route to Carlisle Barracks. 
 
 '61 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 '61 Field-service 
 
 '61 Washington 
 
 '62 Field-service 
 
 '65 Washington 
 
 '65 En route to Nashville 
 
 '65 Nashville 
 
 '66 En route to Grenada 
 
 '66 Grenada 
 
 Missouri. 
 Texas . . . 
 
 C. N. 
 Texas 
 C. N., 
 Texas 
 C. N. 
 Texas 
 
 Pennsylvania . 
 
 Va., Md 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa. 
 
 D. C 
 
 Tennessee . . . 
 
 Mississippi, . . 
 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 June 12, 
 July 23, 
 Mar. 4, 
 Mar. 13, 
 May 17, 
 June 18, 
 July 31, 
 Aug. 7, 
 Oct. 30, 
 Nov. 15, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 31, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 23, 
 Nov. 27, 
 July 27, 
 Aug. 23, 
 Feb. 26, 
 Apr. 13, 
 May 1, 
 Aug. 20, 
 Mar. 10, 
 May 7, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Nov. 20, 
 Nov. 26, 
 Mar. 26, 
 
624 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company B — Continued, 
 
 Mar. 26, '67 
 Apr. 3, '67 
 Sept. 16, '68 
 Sept. 25, '68 
 Oct. i, '68 
 Nov. 13, '69 
 Mar. 10, '70 
 Mar. 22, '70 
 Aug. 4, '70 
 Aug. 24, '70 
 Dec. 12, '71 
 Feb. 2, '72 
 June 27, '72 
 Feb. 8, '73 
 May 6, '73 
 May 20, '73 
 May 25, '73 
 June 6, '73 
 July 6, '73 
 July 20, '73 
 July 29, '73 
 Aug. 3, '73 
 Aug. 12, '73 
 Sept. 2, '73 
 Sept. 12, '73 
 Sept. 15, '73 
 Oct. 10, '73 
 Oct. 13, '73 
 Dec. 1, '73 
 Jan. 15, '74 
 Feb. 2, '74 
 May 24, '74 
 Nov. 16, '74 
 Dec. 5, '74 
 July 17, '75 
 Sept. 8, '75 
 Oct. 28, '75 
 Nov. 5, '75 
 May 19, '76 
 June 1, '76 
 June 5, '76 
 Nov. 2, '76 
 May 29, '77 
 Oct. 25, '77 
 Jan. 6, '78 
 
 En route to Nashville , 
 
 Nashville , 
 
 En route to Fort Harker 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant ... . 
 
 Eh route to Camp McDowell 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Apache 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-servicfe 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 En route to Fort Hays 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Tennessee 
 Kansas . . . 
 
 Kan., Neb, 
 Wyoming. . 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Wyoming , . . 
 Utah, Idaho. 
 
 Apr. 3, '67, 
 Sept. 16, '68. 
 Sept. 25, '68. 
 Oct. 1, '68. 
 Nov. 13, '69. 
 Mar. 10, '70. 
 Mar. 22, '70. 
 Aug. 4, '70. 
 Aug. 24, '70. 
 Dec. 12, '71. 
 Feb. 2, '72. 
 June 27, '72. 
 Feb. 8, '73. 
 May 6, '73. 
 May 20, '73. 
 May 25, '73. 
 June 6, '73. 
 July 6, '73. 
 July 20, '73. 
 July 29, '73. 
 Aug. 3, '73. 
 Aug. 12, '73. 
 Sept. 2, '73. 
 Sept. 12, '73. 
 Sept. 15, '73. 
 Oct. 10, '73. 
 Oct. 13, '73. 
 Dec. 1, '73. 
 Jan. 15, '74. 
 Feb. 2, '74. 
 May 24, '74. 
 Nov. 16, '74. 
 Dec. 5, '74. 
 July 17, '75- 
 Sept. 8, '75. 
 Oct. 28, '75. 
 Nov. 5, '75. 
 May 19, '76. 
 June I, '76. 
 June 5, '76, 
 Nov. 2, '76. 
 May 29, '77. 
 Oct. 25, '77. 
 Jan. 6, '78. 
 Jan. 25, '78. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Company B — Continued. 
 
 Jan. 25, '78 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 May 20, '78 Field-service 
 
 Dec. 11, '78 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Jan. 20, '79 Field-service 
 
 Feb. 28, '79 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Oct. 1, '79 Field-service (Ute Expedition). 
 
 Nov. 29, '79 Fort D. A, Russell 
 
 Apr. 5, '80 En route to Fort Niobrara. . . . 
 
 Apr. 22, '80 Fort Niobrara 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Nebraska . 
 
 May 20, '78. 
 Dec. 11, '78. 
 Jan. 20, '79. 
 Feb. 28, '79. 
 Oct. I, '79. 
 Nov. 29, '79. 
 Apr. 5, '80. 
 Apr. 22, '80. 
 
 COMPANY a 
 
 May 12, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 Feb. 14, 
 Mar. 4, 
 Apr. 20, 
 May 11, 
 Aug. I, 
 Aug. 12, 
 Aug. 20, 
 Sept. 8, 
 July 21, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Nov. 5, 
 Nov. 12, 
 May 16, 
 June 9, 
 July 28, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Oct. 26, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Dec. 28, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 31, 
 June 2, 
 June 6, 
 Oct, 1, 
 
 55 
 '55 
 '55 
 '55 
 '55 
 "56 
 •56 
 '56 
 •50 
 '5'< 
 '56 
 '56 
 '56 
 "56 
 '56 
 '57 
 '57 
 '57 
 '57 
 '53 
 '58 
 '58 
 •53 
 '58 
 '58 
 '58 
 '58 
 '59 
 '59 
 '59 
 '59 
 '59 
 40 
 
 Pittsburgh 
 
 En route to Jefferson Barracks . . 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Fort Clark. 
 
 Fort Clark , 
 
 Field-service ............. 
 
 Fort Clark , 
 
 Field-service , 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Camp near Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Clark 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 En route to Camp Radziminski . 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Pennsylv; 
 Missouri. 
 
 Texas 
 
 C. N. 
 
 Texas 
 C. N. 
 Texas 
 C. N. 
 Texas 
 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 Feb. 14, 
 Mar. 4, 
 Apr. 20, 
 May II, 
 Aug. 1, 
 Aug. 12, 
 Aug. 20, 
 Sept. 8, 
 July 21, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Nov. 5, 
 Nov. 12, 
 May 16, 
 June 9, 
 July 28, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Oct. 26, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Dec. 28, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 31, 
 June 2, 
 June 6, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 19, 
 
 55- 
 '55- 
 '55- 
 '55- 
 '56. 
 '56. 
 •56. 
 •56. 
 '56. 
 '56, 
 •56. 
 '56. 
 '56. 
 '56. 
 '57- 
 '57- 
 '57- 
 '57- 
 '58. 
 '58. 
 *58. 
 '58. 
 '58. 
 '58. 
 •58. 
 '58. 
 '59- 
 ■'59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '59. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Nov. 19, '59 
 ■Nov. 27, '59 
 Dec. 20, '59 
 Feb. 7, '60 
 Feb. 9, '60 
 Feb. 25, '61 
 Mar. 2, '61 
 Mar. 19, '61 
 Apr. 27, '61 
 June 1, '61 
 Sept. 30, '61 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 May 31, '65 
 July 14, '66 
 July 15, '66 
 Aug. 28, '66 
 Aug. 29, '66 
 Apr. 26, '67 
 Apr. 30, '67 
 Oct. 16, '68 
 Oct. 19, '68 
 Nov. 1, '68 
 Nov. 3, '68 
 Apr. 12, '69 
 May 23, '69 
 June 9, '69 
 Nov. 30, '69 
 Apr. 23, '70 
 Oct. 6, '70 
 Nov. 24, '71 
 Nov. 25, '71 
 Dec. 12, '71 
 Jan. 31, '72 
 June 27, '72 
 Feb. 5, '73 
 Apr. 19, '73 
 Apr. 23, '73 
 May 25, '73 
 June 6, '73 
 June 9, '73 
 June 22, '73 
 Aug. 5, '73 
 Aug. 10, '73 
 Aug. 12, '73 
 Sept. 3, '73 
 
 Company C — Continued* 
 
 Camp Cooper T 
 
 En route to Camp Lawson 
 
 Camp Lawson 
 
 En route to Fort Inge ... 
 
 Fort Inge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Inge 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks Pennsylvania. 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service Va., Md 
 
 Washington D. C 
 
 Field-service Va. , Md. , Pa. 
 
 Washington D. C 
 
 En route to Leesbarg Virginia 
 
 Leesburg *' 
 
 En route to Washington D. C 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Atlanta Georgia. 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 En route to Athens 
 
 Athens 
 
 En route to Atlanta 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson Nebraska. 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service Neb., Kan. 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell Wyoming. 
 
 Field-service Wyo., Neb. . . 
 
 Sidney Barracks Nebraska. 
 
 En route to Fort D. A. Russell Wyoming 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell Arizona Ter. 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell .... 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Apache 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Nov. 27 
 
 '59- 
 
 Dec. 20 
 
 '59- 
 
 Feb. 7, 
 
 '60. 
 
 Feb. 9, 
 
 '60. 
 
 Feb. 25 
 
 '61. 
 
 Mar. 2, 
 
 •61. 
 
 Mar. 19 
 
 '61. 
 
 Apr. 27 
 
 '61. 
 
 June 1, 
 
 •61. 
 
 Sept. 30 
 
 '61. 
 
 Mar. 10 
 
 •62. 
 
 May 31 
 
 '65- 
 
 July 14, 
 
 '66. 
 
 July 15, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Aug. 2 3 
 
 '66. 
 
 Aug. 29 
 
 '66. 
 
 Apr. 26 
 
 '67. 
 
 Apr. 30, 
 
 •67. 
 
 Oct. 16, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Oct. 19, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Nov. i, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Nov. 3, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Apr. 12, 
 
 •69. 
 
 May 23, 
 
 '69, 
 
 June 9, 
 
 '69. 
 
 Nov. 30 
 
 69. 
 
 Apr. 23, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Oct. 6, 
 
 '70. 
 
 Nov. 24, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Nov. 25, 
 
 '71- 
 
 Dec. 12, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Jan. 31, 
 
 '72. 
 
 June 27, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Feb. 5, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Apr. 19, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Apr. 23, 
 
 '73. 
 
 May 25, 
 
 '73- 
 
 June 6, 
 
 '73- 
 
 June 9, 
 
 '73- 
 
 June 22, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Aug. 5, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Aug. 10, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Aug. 12, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Sept. 3, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Sept. 9, 
 
 '73- 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 627 
 
 Company C — Continued. 
 
 Sept. 9, '73 
 Nov. 2, '73 
 Dec. 5, '73 
 Jan. 20, '74 
 Nov. 5, '74 
 Nov. 14, '74 
 Jan. 24, '75 
 Feb. i, '75 
 May 1, '75 
 July 16, '75 
 Aug. 14, '75 
 Sept. 3 
 Nov. 15, '75 
 Mar. 11, '76 
 June 4, 
 Nov. 7, 
 July 25, 
 July 27, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Nov. 3, 
 Jan. ii, 
 Feb. 3, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Apr. 14, 
 June 7, 
 July 21, 
 Sept. 18, 
 Oct. 6, 
 Nov. 29 
 Apr. 27 
 May 1, 
 Nov, 
 Dec. 1 
 Mar. 1 
 Mar. 1 
 Mar. 2 
 Mar. 2 
 
 '76 
 '76 
 '77 
 77 
 77 
 77 
 77 
 '77 
 '73 
 73 
 73 
 '78 
 '78 
 •78 
 !,'79 
 '79 
 79 
 'So 
 
 '8o 
 
 20. 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 En route to Camp Lowell 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 En route to Camp Supply 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En rotite to Chicago 
 
 Chicago 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp near Fort McKinney 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field service (Ute Expedition) 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 Fort Sidney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Sidney 
 
 En route to Omaha 
 
 Omaha 
 
 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 Fort Sidney 
 
 Arizona Ter. , 
 
 Indian Ter. 
 
 Texas, I. T.. 
 Indian Ter. ., 
 
 Nebraska 
 Illinois. . . 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming . 
 Nebraska., 
 
 Nov. 2, 
 Dec. 5, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Nov. 5, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Feb. i, 
 May 1, 
 July 16, 
 Aug. 14, 
 Sept. 3, 
 Nov. 15, 
 Mar. 11, 
 June 4, 
 Nov. 7, 
 July 25, 
 July 27, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Nov. 3, 
 Jan. 11, 
 Feb. 3, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Apr. 14, 
 June 7, 
 July 21, 
 Sept. 18, 
 Oct. 6, 
 Nov. 29, 
 Apr. 27, 
 May 1, 
 Nov. 20, 
 Dec. 10, 
 Mar. 10, 
 Mar. 11, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Mar. 21, 
 
 73- 
 73- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 75- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '76. 
 '76. 
 '76. 
 '77- 
 '77- 
 '77- 
 '77 
 '77- 
 '77- 
 78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '79- 
 '79- 
 '79- 
 '8o. 
 '80. 
 '81. 
 '81. 
 
 '32. 
 
 '82. 
 '82. 
 '82. 
 
 COMPANY D. 
 
 June 19, '55 I Jefferson Barracks I Missouri | Oct. 27. '55. 
 
 Oct. 27, '55 J En route to Fort Belknap | Texas | Dec. 27, '55. 
 
628 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company D — Continued. 
 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Jan. 2, '56 
 Jan. 14, '56 
 July 3. '56 
 July 8, '56 
 Oct. 29, '57 
 Nov. 3, '57 
 Jan. 25, '58 
 Feb. 24, '58 
 May 20, '58 
 May 28, '58 
 June 22, '58 
 July 3. '58 
 Sept. 27, '58 
 Sept. 28, '58 
 Nov. 7, '58 
 Nov. 8, '58 
 Feb. 23, '59 
 Feb. 24, 
 June 22, 
 Aug. 22, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 22, 
 July 23, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Feb. 2i, 
 Apr. 17, 
 July 31, 
 Sept. 22, 
 Mar. 10, 
 May 31, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Nov. 14. 
 Dec. 14 
 Dec. 28 
 July 9. 
 July 13 
 Sept. 11 
 Oct. 30 
 Apr. 
 Apr. 
 May 
 May 
 Mar. 
 
 '59 
 
 '59 
 
 59 
 
 '59 
 
 '59 
 
 '60 
 
 '60 
 
 61 
 
 '6 1 
 
 '61 
 
 '61 
 
 '62 
 
 '65 
 
 '^5 
 
 '65 
 
 '65 
 
 .'65 
 
 , '65 
 
 '66 
 
 _, '66 
 
 11, '66 
 
 30, '66 
 
 25, '67 
 
 30, "67 
 2, '67 
 
 4. '67 
 
 31, '69 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En rottte to Camp Verde 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 P^ield-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 En route to Fort Mason. 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. . . . 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper. . . . 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-servioe 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Washington . 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Edgefield 
 
 Edgefield 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Memphis 
 
 Memphis 
 
 Field service 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Vicksburg 
 
 Vicksburg 
 
 En route to Jackson 
 
 Jackson 
 
 En route to Omaha Barracks. 
 
 Texas 
 
 Texas, 
 Texas 
 
 Ark 
 
 D. C. 
 
 Va., Md 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa. 
 D. C 
 
 Tennessee. . . . 
 
 Mississippi. 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 July 3. 
 July 8, 
 Oct. 29, 
 Nov. 3, 
 Jan. 25, 
 Feb. 24, 
 May 20, 
 May 28, 
 June 22, 
 July 3, 
 Sept. 27, 
 Sept. 28, 
 Nov. 7, 
 Nov. 8, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Feb. 24, 
 June 22, 
 Aug. 22, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 22, 
 July 23, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Feb. 21, 
 Apr. 17, 
 July gi, 
 Sept. 22, 
 Mar. 10, 
 May 31, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Dec. 14, 
 Dec. 28, 
 July 9. 
 July 13. 
 Sept. 11, 
 Oct. 30, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 2, 
 May 4, 
 Mar. 31, 
 Apr. 18, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 629 
 
 Company D — Continued. 
 
 Apr. 18, '69 
 Apr. 27, '69 
 June 6, '69 
 June 24, '69 
 Oct. 28, '69 
 Dec. 26, '69 
 Dec. 28, '69 
 May 17, '70 
 Aug. 26, '70 
 Sept. 19, '70 
 Oct. 10, '70 
 Dec. 12, '71 
 Feb. 11, '72 
 Aug. 19, '72 
 Nov. 17, '72 
 July 9. '73 
 Aug. 2, '73 
 July 27, '75 
 Sept. 13, '75 
 Nov. 6, '75 
 Nov. 13, '75 
 June 5, '76 
 Oct. 31, '76 
 Aug. 31, '77 
 Oct. 26, '77 
 May 15, '78 
 Dec. 11, '78 
 Jan. 20, '79 
 Feb. 28, '79 
 Sept. 19, '79 
 Nov. 29, '79 
 Apr. 5, '80 
 Apr. 22, '8o 
 
 Omaha Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp Bowie 
 
 Camp Bowie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Bowie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Bowie 
 
 En route to Fort Hays 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Sidney Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Sidney Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service (Ute Expedition). . 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Fort Niobrara 
 
 Fort Niobrara , 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Neb., Col. 
 Wyoming . 
 
 Wyo.,Neb. 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. . . 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Nebraska . 
 Wyoming . 
 Nebraska . 
 Wyoming . 
 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming 
 Nebraska , 
 
 Apr. 27, '69, 
 June 6, '69. 
 June 24, '69. 
 Oct. 28, '69. 
 Dec. 26, '69. 
 Dec. 28, '69. 
 May 17, '70. 
 Aug. 26, '70. 
 Sept. 19, '70 
 Oct. 10, '70. 
 Dec. 12, '71. 
 Feb. 11, '72. 
 Aug. 19, '72. 
 Nov. 17, '72. 
 July 9, '73- 
 Aug. 2, '73. 
 July 27, '75- 
 
 Sept. 13, '75- 
 
 Nov. 6, '75. 
 
 Nov. 13, '75. 
 
 June 5, '76. 
 
 Oct. 31, '76. 
 
 Aug. 31, '77- 
 
 Oct. 26, '77. 
 
 May 15, '78. 
 
 Dec. 11, '78. 
 
 Jan. 20, '79. 
 
 Feb. 28, '79. 
 
 Sept. 19, '79. 
 
 Nov. 29, '79. 
 
 Apr. 5, '80. 
 
 Apr. 22, '80. 
 
 COMPANY E. 
 
 Apr. 30, 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Dec. 31, 
 Jan. 3, 
 July 1, 
 July 19, 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Missouri. 
 Texas . . . 
 
 Oct. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 31, '55. 
 Jan. 3, '56. 
 July 1, "57. 
 July 19, '57. 
 June 29, '58-. 
 
630 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company E — Continued. 
 
 June 29, '58 
 June 30, '58 
 July 29, '58 
 Aug. 3, '58 
 Mar. 10, '59 
 Apr. I, '59 
 Apr. 14, '59 
 Apr. 30, '59 
 
 June 4, '59 
 
 Mar. 20, '61 
 Apr. 13, '61 
 May 1, '61 
 July 31, '61 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 June 5, '65 
 Oct 23, '65 
 Oct. 29, '65 
 Nov. 14, '65 
 Nov. 14, '65 
 July 9, '66 
 July 13, '66 
 July 23, '66 
 July 23, '66 
 Sept. 3, '66 
 Sept. 22, '66 
 Nov. 27, '66 
 Nov. 29, '66 
 Mar. 10, '67 
 Mar. 20, '67 
 Apr. 25, '67 
 Apr. 30, '67 
 May 3, '67 
 May 3, '67 
 July 2, '67 
 July 4. '67 
 Oct. 8, '67 
 Oct. 10, '67 
 Mar. 31, '69 
 Apr. 18, '69 
 Apr. 27, '69 
 May 31, '69 
 
 June 9, '69 
 July 23, '69 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Colorado. . 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 En route to Camp Hudson. . . 
 
 Camp Hudson 
 
 En route to Camp Van Camp . 
 Camp Van Camp 
 
 Field-service 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks. 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Edgefield 
 
 Edgefield 
 
 En route to Nashville 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Memphis 
 
 Memphis .... 
 
 En route to Grenada 
 
 Grenada 
 
 En route to Nashville 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Morganton 
 
 Morganton 
 
 En route to Nashville 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Vicksburg 
 
 Vicksburg 
 
 En route to Big Black River. . 
 
 Big Black River 
 
 En route to Yazoo City 
 
 Yazoo City 
 
 En route to Jackson 
 
 Jackson 
 
 En route to Omaha Barracks. 
 
 Omaha Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson. 
 
 Texas 
 
 f Tex.,N.M., 
 \ Mexico. 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Va., Md. . 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va.,Md., 
 
 Maryland. 
 Tennessee 
 
 Mississippi 
 Tennessee 
 Georgia . . . 
 Tennessee 
 Mississippi 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 ( Neb.Wyo., 
 ( Kan. 
 Nebraska . . . . 
 
 '65. 
 •65. 
 '65- 
 '65. 
 
 TO. 
 
 June 30, '58. 
 July 29, '58. 
 Aug. 3, 
 Mar. 10, 
 Apr. I, 
 Apr. 14, '59. 
 Apr. 30, 59. 
 June 4, '59. 
 
 Mar. 20, 
 
 Apr. 13, '61 
 May i, '61 
 July 31, '6i 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 June 5, '65 
 Oct. 23, *" 
 Oct. 29, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Nov. 14, 
 July 9. 
 July 13, 
 July 23, 
 July 23, 
 Sept. 3, 
 Sept. 22, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Nov. 29, 
 Mar. 10, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Apr. 30 
 May 3 
 May 3 
 July 2 
 July 4 
 Oct. 8, 
 Oct. 
 Mar 
 Apr. 
 Apr 
 May 
 June 
 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 •66. 
 *66. 
 "66. 
 '67. 
 '67. 
 •67. 
 ', '67- 
 •67. 
 '67. 
 •67. 
 '67. 
 '67- 
 '67. 
 1, '69. 
 
 8, '69. 
 '69. 
 
 31, '69. 
 
 9, '69. 
 
 10 
 
 27 
 
 July 23, 
 Aug. 21, 
 
 •69. 
 •69. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 031 
 
 COMPANY E— Continued. 
 
 Aug. 21, '69 
 Nov. 13. '69 
 Apr. 15, '70 
 Aug. 26, '70 
 Sept. 19, '70 
 Oct. 11, '70 
 Dec. 12, '71 
 Feb. 11, '72 
 June 24, '72 
 July 6, '72 
 Dec. 2, '72 
 Mar. 24, '73 
 May 19, '73 
 May 25, '73 
 June 26, '73 
 June 29, '73 
 Apr. 8, '74 
 Apr. 12, '74 
 Apr. 25, '74 
 Apr. 30, '74 
 May 14, '74 
 May 23, '74 
 May 31, '74 
 June 3, '74 
 Sept. 19, '74 
 Sept. 21, '74 
 Mar. 6, '75 
 Mar. 12, '75 
 Apr. 20, '75 
 June 29, '75 
 Oct. 28, '75 
 Nov. 5, '75 
 May 16, '76 
 June 5, '76 
 July 17, '76 
 Nov. 7, '76 
 July 26, '77 
 July 27, '77 
 Aug. 5, '77 
 Aug. 6, '77 
 Aug. 30, '77 
 Nov. 3, '77 
 Mar. 29, '78 
 Apr. 14, '78 
 June 7, '78 
 
 Field-service Neb., Wyo, 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell Wyoming 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp Date Creek. Arizona Ter. 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell . . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Fort Hays 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Omaha Barracks 
 
 Omaha Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Kansas. 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Nov. T3, '69. 
 Apr. 15, '70. 
 Aug. 26, '70. 
 Sept. 19, '70. 
 Oct. 11, '70. 
 Dec. 12, '71. 
 Feb. 11, '72. 
 June 24, '72. 
 July 6, '72. 
 Dec. 2, '72. 
 Mar. 24, '73. 
 May 19, '73- 
 May 25, '73. 
 June 26, '73. 
 June 29, '73. 
 Apr. 8, '74- 
 Apr. 12, '74- 
 Apr. 25, '74- 
 Apr. 30, '74. 
 May 14, '74- 
 May 23, '74. 
 May 31, '74- 
 June 3, '74- 
 Sept. 19, '74- 
 Sept. 21, '74- 
 Mar. 6, '75. 
 Mar. 12, '75. 
 Apr. 20, '75. 
 June 29, '75- 
 Oct. 28, '75- 
 Nov. 5, '75- 
 May 16, '76. 
 June 5, '76. 
 July 17, '76- 
 Nov. 7, '76. 
 July 26, '77- 
 July 27, '77- 
 Aug. 5, '77- 
 Aug. 6, '77. 
 Aug. 30, '77- 
 Nov. 3, '77- 
 Mar. 29, '78. 
 Apr. 14, '78. 
 June 7, '78. 
 July 21, '78. 
 
632 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company E— Continued. 
 
 July 21, '78 Camp near Fort McKinney. . . 
 
 Oct. 6, '79 Field-service (Ute Expedition). 
 
 Nov. 29, '79 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Apr. 27, '80 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 May 1, '80 Fort Sidney 
 
 Mar. 10, '82 En route to Omaha 
 
 Mar. ri, '82 Omaha 
 
 Mar. 20, '82 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 Mar. 21, '82 Fort Sidney 
 
 June 15, '82 En route to Fort McKinney. . . 
 
 July 2, '82 Fort McKinney 
 
 Wyoming . 
 
 Wyoming. 
 Nebraska.. 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 TO. 
 
 Oct. 6, '79. 
 Nov. 29, '79. 
 Apr. 27, '80. 
 May 1, '80. 
 Mar. 10/82. 
 Mar. 11, '82. 
 Mar. 20, '82. 
 Mar. 21, 'S2. 
 June 15, '82. 
 July 2, '82. 
 
 June 5, '55 
 Oct. 27, '55 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Dec. 31, '55 
 Jan. 3, '56 
 June 12, '56 
 July 23, '56 
 July 28, '56 
 Aug. 2, '56 
 Dec. 16, '56 
 Dec. 28, '56 
 Feb. 22, '57 
 Mar. 1, '57 
 May 18, '57 
 June 14, '57 
 Sept. 28, '57 
 Oct. 28, '57 
 Feb. 12, '58 
 Feb. 21, '58 
 Sept. 15, '58 
 Sept. 23, '58 
 Sept. 29, '58 
 Oct. 10, '58 
 Oct. 28, '58 
 Nov. 14, '58 
 Apr. 30, '59 
 May 31, '59 
 Aug. 6, '59 
 Aug. 11, '59 
 Oct. 1, '59 
 
 COMPANY F. 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Camp Colorado 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Radziminski. . . 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Mis 
 
 Te: 
 
 C. 
 
 souri 
 
 :as 
 
 N 
 
 Te 
 C. 
 
 Te 
 C. 
 Te 
 C. 
 Te 
 
 cas 
 
 N 
 
 cas 
 
 N 
 
 cas 
 
 N 
 
 cas 
 
 Oct. 27, '55- 
 Dec. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 31, '55. 
 Jan. 3, '56. 
 June 12, '56. 
 July 23, '56. 
 July 28, '56. 
 Aug. 2, '56. 
 Dec. 16, '56. 
 Dec. 28, '56. 
 Feb. 22, '57. 
 Mar. 1, '57. 
 May 18, '57. 
 June 14, '57. 
 Sept. 28, '57. 
 Oct. 28, '57. 
 Feb. 12, '58. 
 Feb. 21, '58. 
 Sept. 15, '58. 
 Sept. 23, '58. 
 Sept. 29, '58. 
 Oct. 10, '58. 
 Oct. 28, '58. 
 Nov. 14, '58. 
 Apr. 30, '59. 
 May 31, '59. 
 Aug. 6, "59. 
 Aug. 11, '59. 
 Oct. 1, '59. 
 Nov. 22, '59. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 633 
 
 Company F— Continued. 
 
 NOV. 22, 
 
 '59 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 '59 
 
 Dec. g, 
 
 '59 
 
 Dec. 22, 
 
 '59 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 
 '59 
 
 Jan. 30. 
 
 •60 
 
 Feb. 25. 
 
 '60 
 
 Apr. 22, 
 
 '60 
 
 June 10, 
 
 '60 
 
 July 22, 
 
 '60 
 
 Aug. 24, 
 
 '6o 
 
 Mar. 29, 
 
 '6i 
 
 Apr. 27, 
 
 '6 1 
 
 June 1, 
 
 '61 
 
 Sept. 14, 
 
 '61 
 
 Mar. 10, 
 
 '62 
 
 May 7, 
 
 '65 
 
 Mar. i, 
 
 '66 
 
 Mar. 2, 
 
 '66 
 
 Apr. 28, 
 
 '66 
 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 '66 
 
 May 3, 
 
 '67 
 
 May 12, 
 
 '67 
 
 Sept. 8, 
 
 '68 
 
 Sept. 25, 
 
 '68 
 
 Oct. i, 
 
 '68 
 
 May 20, 
 
 '69 
 
 July 24, 
 
 '69 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 •69 
 
 Oct. 22, 
 
 '69 
 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 '69 
 
 Apr. 10, 
 
 '70 
 
 Sept. 11, 
 
 '70 
 
 Oct. 18, 
 
 '70 
 
 Nov. 8, 
 
 '70 
 
 Mar. 10, 
 
 '71 
 
 Mar. 13, 
 
 '71 
 
 May 20 , 
 
 '7i 
 
 May 21, 
 
 *7i 
 
 May 31, 
 
 '71 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '71 
 
 Sept. 20 
 
 '71 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 '71 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 '7i 
 
 Jan. 8, 
 
 '72 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 £"« route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks. 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to New Market .... 
 
 New Market 
 
 En route to Winchester 
 
 Winchester 
 
 En route to Richmond 
 
 Richmond 
 
 En route to Fort Harker 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field service 
 
 North Platte 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell. 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Texas 
 
 Pennsylvania . . 
 
 Va., Md 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa. 
 
 D.C 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Kansas. 
 
 Kan., Neb... 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Neb., Wyo... 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Kan., Neb. . . 
 Nebraska 
 
 Arizona Ter. . 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 59- 
 
 Dec. 9, 
 
 59- 
 
 Dec. 22, 
 
 59- 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 
 59. 
 
 Jan. 30, 
 
 60. 
 
 Feb. 25, 
 
 60. 
 
 Apr. 22, 
 
 60. 
 
 June 10, 
 
 60. 
 
 July 22, 
 
 60. 
 
 Aug. 24, 
 
 60. 
 
 Mar. 29, 
 
 61. 
 
 Apr. 27, 
 
 61. 
 
 June 1, 
 
 •61. 
 
 Sept. 14, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Mar. 10, 
 
 ■62. 
 
 May 7, 
 
 65. 
 
 Mar. 1, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Mar. 2, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Apr. 28, 
 
 66. 
 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 '66. 
 
 May 3, 
 
 67. 
 
 May 12, 
 
 '67. 
 
 Sept. 8, 
 
 '68. 
 
 Sept. 25, 
 
 68. 
 
 Oct. 1, 
 
 '68. 
 
 May 20, 
 
 '69. 
 
 July 24, 
 
 •69. 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 '69. 
 
 Oct. 22, 
 
 •69. 
 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 •69. 
 
 Apr. 10, 
 
 •70. 
 
 Sept. 11, 
 
 70. 
 
 Oct. 18, 
 
 70. 
 
 Nov. 8, 
 
 '7'J. 
 
 Mar. 10, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Mar. 13, 
 
 '7i 
 
 May 20, 
 
 '71- 
 
 May 21, 
 
 7i. 
 
 May 31, 
 
 '71- 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Sept. 20, 
 
 '7i- 
 
 Oct. 10, 
 
 '71. 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 '7i. 
 
 Jan. 8, 
 
 •72. 
 
 Jan. 24, 
 
 '72. 
 
634 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 COMPANY F — Continued. 
 
 Jan. 24, '72 
 Jan. 31, '72 
 May i, '72 
 May 15, '72 
 June 14, '72 
 June 15, '72 
 July 13, '72 
 July 14, '72 
 July 26, '72 
 July 29, '72 
 Aug. io, '72 
 Aug. 16, '72 
 Aug. 28, '72 
 Aug. 29, '72 
 Sept. 13, '72 
 Sept. 16, '72 
 Sept. 30, '72 
 Sept. 30, '72 
 Oct. 25, '72 
 Oct. 26, '72 
 Nov. 1, '72 
 Nov. 5, '72 
 Nov. 14, '72 
 Nov. 16, '72 
 Jan. 22, '73 
 May 5, '73 
 May 29, '73 
 July 8, '73 
 Sept. 15, '73 
 Nov. 13, '73 
 Feb. 13, '74 
 Apr. 16, '74 
 May 12, '74 
 July 10, '74 
 May 2, '75 
 July 10, '75 
 Aug. 24, '75 
 Sept. 4, '75 
 Oct. 29, '75 
 Nov. 2, '75 
 Nov. 6, '75 
 Nov. 12, '75 
 May 19, '76 
 May 25, '76 
 July 17, '76 
 
 En route to Tucson 
 
 Tucson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Tucson 
 
 En route to Camp Crittenden. . . . 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Crittenden 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant , 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to Fort Dodge 
 
 Fort Dodge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Dodge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Dodge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Dodge 
 
 Field-service , 
 
 Fort Dodge 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Jan. 31, '72. 
 May 1, '72. 
 May 15, '72. 
 June 14, '72. 
 June 15, '72. 
 July 13, '72. 
 July 14, '72. 
 July 26, '72. 
 July 29, '72. 
 Aug. 10, '72. 
 Aug. 16, '72. 
 Aug. 28, '72. 
 Aug. 29, '72. 
 Sept. 13, '72. 
 Sept. 16, '72. 
 Sept. 30, 72. 
 Sept. 30, '72. 
 Oct. 25, 72. 
 Oct. 26, '72. 
 Nov. I, '72. 
 Nov. 5, '72. 
 Nov. 14, '72. 
 
 Nov. 16, 72. 
 Jan. 22, '73. 
 
 May 5, '73- 
 
 May 29, '73. 
 
 July 8, '73. 
 
 Sept. 15, 73. 
 
 Nov. 13, '73. 
 
 Feb. 13, 74- 
 
 Apr. 16, '74. 
 
 May 12, '74. 
 
 July 10, '74. 
 
 May 2, 75. 
 
 July 10, '75. 
 
 Aug. 24, '75. 
 
 Sept. 4, '75- 
 
 Oct. 29, '75. 
 
 Nov. 2, 75. 
 
 Nov. 6, '75. 
 
 Nov. 12, '75. 
 
 May 19, '76. 
 
 May 25, '76. 
 
 July 17, '76. 
 
 Nov. 2, '76. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 635 
 
 Company F — Continued. 
 
 Nov. 2, 
 
 •76 
 
 Feb. 9, 
 
 '77 
 
 Feb. 13, 
 
 '77 
 
 Aug. 30, 
 
 '77 
 
 Oct. 25, 
 
 '77 
 
 Jan. 6, 
 
 '78 
 
 Jan. 24, 
 
 •78 
 
 May 15, 
 
 •78 
 
 Dec. 11, 
 
 '73 
 
 Jan. 20, 
 
 '79 
 
 Feb. 28, 
 
 '79 
 
 Sept. 19, 
 
 '7') 
 
 Nov. 29, 
 
 '79 
 
 Apr. 5, 
 
 '80 
 
 Apr. 22, 
 
 '80 
 
 Aug. 10, 
 
 '82 
 
 Aug. 12, 
 
 '82 
 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 '82 
 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 '82 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Fred Steele 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service (Ute Expedition). . 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Fort Niobrara 
 
 Fort Niobrara 
 
 En route to Fort D. A. Russell. 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Fort Sidney 
 
 I Fort Sidney 
 
 Wyoming , 
 
 Utah, Idaho. 
 Wyoming . . . 
 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming . . 
 Nebraska. . 
 
 Wyoming . . 
 Nebraska . . 
 
 Feb. 9, 
 Feb. 13, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Jan. 6, 
 Jan. 24, 
 May 15, 
 Dec. 11, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Feb. 28, 
 Sept. 19. 
 Nov. 29, 
 Apr. 5, 
 Apr. 22, 
 Aug. 10, 
 Aug. 12, 
 Nov. 12, 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 June 30, '55 
 Oct. 27, '55 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Jan. 2, '56 
 Jan. 14, '56 
 June 12, '56 
 July 23, '56 
 Nov. 18, '56 
 Dec. 13, '56 
 Dec. 16, '56 
 May 15. '57 
 July 5, '57 
 Aug. 8, '57 
 Nov. 9, '57 
 Dec. 2i, '57 
 June 26, '58 
 
 July 7, '58 
 
 July 29, "58 
 Aug. 6, '58 
 Oct. 6, '58 
 
 COMPANY G. 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En rotite to Fort Belknap 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service • 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En rotite to Clear Fork of Brazos. 
 ( Camp Iverson, near Clear Fork 
 
 ! of Brazos 
 
 En route to Fort Chadbourne 
 
 Fort Chadbourne 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Missouri 
 Texas . . 
 
 Oct. 27, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 June 12, 
 July 23, 
 Nov 18, 
 Dec. 13, 
 Dec. 16, 
 May 15, 
 July 5. 
 Aug. 8. 
 Nov. 9, 
 Dec. 21, 
 June 26, 
 July 7, 
 
 July 29, '58. 
 
 Aug. 6, '58. 
 Oct. 6, '58. 
 Oct. 16. 
 
636 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company G — Continued. 
 
 Oct. 16, '58 
 Nov. 16, '58 
 Dec. 2, '58 
 Dec. 12, '58 
 Dec. 22, '58 
 Apr. 30, '59 
 May 31, '59 
 June 1, '59 
 June 25, '59 
 July 18, '59 
 Aug 2i, '59 
 Oct. 1, '59 
 Nov. 19, '59 
 Nov. 25, '59 
 Dec. 19, '59 
 Feb. 18, '60 
 Mar. 20, '61 
 Apr. 13, '61 
 May 1, '61 
 July 31, '61 
 Mar. 10, '62 
 June 5, '65 
 Jan. 3, '66 
 Jan. 5, '66 
 Apr. 26, '67 
 May 2, '67 
 Aug. 5, '68 
 Aug. 6, '68 
 Apr. 12, '69 
 May 23, '69 
 June 9, '69 
 Nov. 30, '69 
 Apr. 22, '70 
 Nov. 11, '70 
 May 23, '71 
 May 27, '71 
 Sept. 23, '71 
 Oct. 10, '71 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Jan. 8, '72 
 Jan. 20, '72 
 Feb. 5, '72 
 Dec. 20, '72 
 Dec. 29, '72 
 Jan. 6, '73 
 
 Fort Chadbourne 
 
 En route to Camp Radziminski . . 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Inge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks. . . . 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Montgomery , 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 En route to Atlanta , 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson. . . 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell. . . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Texas . 
 C. N.. 
 
 Texas. 
 C. N.. 
 Texas . 
 C. N.. 
 Texas , 
 C. N., 
 Texas , 
 
 Texas, Mex.. 
 Pennsylvania., 
 
 Va., Md 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa. 
 Maryland. . . . 
 D. C 
 
 Alabama. 
 
 Georgia. 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Kan., Neb. 
 Wyoming. . 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Nebraska . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Nov. 16, 
 Dec. 2, 
 Dec. 12, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 31, 
 June 1, 
 June 25, 
 July 18, 
 Aug. 21, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 19, 
 Nov. 25, 
 Dec. 19, 
 Feb. 18, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Apr. 13, 
 May 1, 
 July 31. 
 Mar. 10, 
 June 5, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Jan. 5, 
 Apr. 26, 
 May 2, 
 Aug. 5, 
 Aug. 6, 
 Apr. 12, 
 May 23, 
 June 9, 
 Nov. 30, 
 Apr. 22, 
 Nov. 11, 
 May 23, 
 May 27, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 8, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Feb. 5, 
 Dec. 20, 
 Dec. 29, 
 Jan. 6, 
 June 6, 
 
 58. 
 
 58. 
 58. 
 58. 
 
 59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 59- 
 59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '59- 
 '60. 
 '61. 
 '61. 
 '61. 
 •61. 
 '62. 
 
 •65. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '67. 
 '67- 
 '68. 
 '68. 
 '69. 
 '69. 
 •69. 
 '69. 
 '70. 
 •70. 
 '7i. 
 '7i- 
 '7i- 
 '7i. 
 '71- 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '73- 
 *73- 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 637 
 
 Company G — Continued. 
 
 June 6, '73 
 June g, '73 
 June 19, '73 
 June 22, '73 
 July 13, '73 
 July 27, '73 
 July 28, '73 
 Sept. 25, '73 
 Nov. 4, '73 
 Nov. 16, '73 
 Dec. 22, '73 
 Jan. 4, '74 
 Jan. 17, '74 
 Feb. 20, '74 
 Apr. 21, '74 
 July 1, '75 
 Sept. 24, '75 
 Oct. 30, '75 
 Nov. 12, '75 
 Jan. 19, '76 
 Jan. 26, '76 
 May 25, '76 
 June 2, '76 
 June 9, '76 
 Nov. 7, '76 
 July 25, '77 
 July 27, '77 
 Aug. 15, '77 
 Aug. 17, '77 
 Aug. 27,' 77 
 Sept. 4, '77 
 Sept. 10, '78 
 Sept. 22, '78 
 Aug. 6, '79 
 Oct. 23, '79 
 May 13, '80 
 June 2, '80 
 May 22, '82 
 June 6, '82 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 Field service 
 
 Camp Date Creek 
 
 En route to Fort Whipple 
 
 Fort Whipple 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Whipple 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Whipple 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Whipple 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Whipple , 
 
 En route to Camp Supply 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Supply 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Chicago 
 
 Chicago 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Fort Washakie 
 
 Fort Washakie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Washakie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Washakie 
 
 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 En route to Fort Washakie 
 
 Fort Washakie 
 
 Arizona Ter 
 
 Indian Ter 
 
 Nebraska 
 Illinois . . 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 June 9, '73. 
 June 19, '73. 
 June 22, '73. 
 July 13. '73- 
 July 27, '73. 
 
 July 28, '73. 
 Sept. 25, '73. 
 Nov. 4, '73. 
 Nov. 16, '73. 
 Dec. 22, '73. 
 Jan. 4, '74. 
 Jan. 17, '74. 
 Feb. 20, '74. 
 Apr. 21, '74. 
 
 July 1, '75. 
 
 Sept. 24, '75. 
 Oct. 30, '75. 
 Nov. 12, '75. 
 Jan. 19, '76. 
 Jan. 26, '76. 
 May 25, '76. 
 June 2, '76. 
 June 9, '76. 
 Nov. 7, '76. 
 July 25, '77. 
 July 27, '77. 
 Aug. 15, '77- 
 Aug. 17, '77. 
 Aug. 27, '77. 
 •Sept. 4) '77. 
 Sept. 10, '78. 
 Sept. 22, '78. 
 Aug. 6, '79. 
 Oct. 23, '79. 
 May 13, 'So. 
 June 2, '80. 
 May 22, '82. 
 June 6, '82. 
 
 COMPANY H. 
 
 June 19, '55 1 Jefferson Barracks 1 Missouri. 
 
 Oct. 27, '55 I En route to Fort Belknap | Texas . . . 
 
 Oct. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 27, '55. 
 
638 
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Jan. 14, 
 July 16, 
 July 19, 
 Aug. 9, 
 Aug. 14, 
 Sept. 10, 
 Sept. 26, 
 June 29, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Oct. 28, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Apr. 30, 
 May 27, 
 May 29, 
 June 22, 
 July 18, 
 Aug. 21, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Nov. 22, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Dec. 21, 
 Dec. 24, 
 Dec. 26, 
 Mar. 21, 
 Oct. 30, 
 Dec. 11, 
 Dec. 27, 
 Feb. 21, 
 Apr. 17, 
 June 10, 
 Sept. 20, 
 Mar. 10, 
 June 5, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Jan. 4, 
 
 Company Hi- 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason. . . 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Camp Colorado 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 En route to Camp Coope: 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski. . 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski . 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski . 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Fort Clark 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 En route to Eagle Pass 
 
 Camp at Eagle Pass 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to New Creek. 
 
 New Creek 
 
 En route to Cumberland 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Washington 
 Washington 
 
 Continued. 
 
 Texas 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 039 
 
 Jan. 15, '66 
 Jan. 28, '66 
 Feb. 12, '66 
 Feb. 20, '66 
 Sept. 12, '66 
 Sept. 15/66 
 Sept. 12, '68 
 Sept. 23, '6S 
 Oct. 1, '68 
 May 20, '6g 
 
 June 24, '69 
 
 Aug. 22, '69 
 Oct. 22, '69 
 Nov. 7, '69 
 May 17, '70 
 June 7, '70 
 June 11, '70 
 June 21, '70 
 Aug. 10, 70 
 Jan. 24, '71 
 Feb. 2, '71 
 May 23, '71 
 June 7, '71 
 July 7, '71 
 July 14, '71 
 July 19, '71 
 Aug. 23, '71 
 Sept. 23, '71 
 Oct. 10, '71 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Jan. 13, '72 
 Dec. 19, '72 
 Dec. 31, '72 
 Jan. 6, '73 
 Apr. 22, '73 
 June 27, '73 
 July 3, '73 
 July io, '73 
 Aug. 4, '73 
 Feb. 4, '74 
 June 3, '74 
 June 21, '74 
 June 23, '74 
 Oct. 28, '74 
 
 Company H- 
 
 En route to Charleston 
 
 Charleston 
 
 En route to Columbia 
 
 Columbia , 
 
 En route to Aiken 
 
 Aiken , 
 
 En route to Fort Harker . . 
 
 Fort Harker , 
 
 Field-service , 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 -Continued. 
 
 S. Carolina 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service .... 
 
 North Platte 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson . 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell. . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Lowell 
 
 En route to San Carlos Agency. 
 
 Kansas. 
 
 Kan., Neb. 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 j Kan., Neb. 
 < Wyo. . . . 
 Nebraska . . , 
 Neb., Kan.. 
 Nebraska . . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. . 
 
 Jan. 28, 
 Feb. 12, 
 Feb. 20, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Sept. 15, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 1, 
 May 20, 
 June 24, 
 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 Oct. 22, 
 Nov. 7, 
 May 17, 
 June 7, 
 June 11, 
 June 21, 
 Aug. 10, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Feb. 2, 
 May 23, 
 June 7, 
 
 July 7, 
 July 14, 
 
 July 19, 
 Aug. 23, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 13, 
 Dec. 19, 
 Dec. 31, 
 Jan. 6, 
 Apr. 22, 
 June 27, 
 Jul)' 3. 
 
 July *°> ' 
 
 Aug. 4, 
 Feb. 4, 
 June 3, 
 June 21, 
 June 23, 
 Oct. 28, ' 
 Nov. 3, ' 
 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '68. 
 '68. 
 '68. 
 '69. 
 '69. 
 
 •69. 
 
 '69. 
 '69. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '71- 
 '71. 
 '71- 
 '7i. 
 '7i. 
 '71. 
 '71. 
 '71. 
 '71. 
 '7i. 
 '71. 
 '72. 
 •72. 
 '72. 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73. 
 73- 
 73- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 *74- 
 74- 
 '74- 
 
640 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company H— Continued. 
 
 Nov. 3. '74 
 Jan. 20, '75 
 Feb. 16, '75 
 July 23, '75 
 Sept. 12, '75 
 Oct. 25, '75 
 Nov. 5, '75 
 Nov. 7, '75 
 Nov. 15, '75 
 Jan. 15, *76 ( 
 Jan. 17, '76 
 May 18, '76 
 June 1, '76 
 July 9, '76 
 July 15, '76 
 July 18, '76 
 
 Aug. 5. '76 
 
 Oct. 22, '76 
 
 Oct. 24, '76 
 
 Nov. 1, '76 
 
 Jan. 13, '77 
 
 May 29, '77 
 
 Oct. 25, '77 
 June 7, '78 
 June 14, '78 
 Not. 22, '78 
 Nov. 30, '78 
 Oct. I, '79 
 Apr. 1, '80 
 Apr. 2i, '8o 
 May 7, '80 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 Field-service 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 F.n route to Fort Wallace . 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service » . . . 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Wallace 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Robinson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Robinson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Ross Fork Agency. 
 
 Field-service 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson. . 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service (Ute Expedition). 
 
 Fort Fred Steele 
 
 En route to Fort Robinson .... 
 Fort Robinson 
 
 Arizona Ter. , 
 
 Kansas . 
 
 ( Kan.,Wyo, 
 
 \ Neb ... . 
 Nebraska . . . 
 
 Jan. 
 Feb. 
 
 July 
 
 Sept 
 Oct. 
 Nov. 
 Nov. 
 Nov. 
 Jan. 
 Jan. 
 May 
 June 
 July 
 
 July 
 
 July 
 
 Neb., Wyo. . . 
 Wyoming .... 
 j Wyo., Dak., j 
 \ Mon . . . . ! 
 Wyoming .... 
 Idaho June 
 
 Nov. 
 ska Nov. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Apr. 
 
 Apr. 
 
 May 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Oct. 
 Oct. 
 
 Nov. 
 Jan. 
 May 
 
 Oct. 25, '77 
 
 June 
 
 Wyoming . . , 
 Nebraska. . . 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 May 15, '55 
 Oct. 27, '55 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Jan. 2, '56 
 Jan. 14, '56 
 Mar. 1, '56 
 Mar. 15, '56 
 July 3, '56 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. 
 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Fort Mason . 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Camp Sabinal. 
 
 Missouri. 
 Texas . . . 
 
 Oct. 27, '55- 
 Dec. 27, '55. 
 Jan. 2, '56. 
 Jan. 14, '56. 
 Mar. 1, '56. 
 Mar. 15, '56. 
 July 3. '56. 
 July 12, '56. 
 
Appendix. 
 
 641 
 
 pnoM. 
 July 12, ' 
 Sept. 3, ' 
 Sept. 6, ' 
 Nov. 21, 
 Jan. 22, 
 Jan. 28, 
 Feb. 28, 
 Mar. 19, 
 Mar. 26, 
 Sept. 21, 
 Sept. 30, 
 May 13, 
 May 30, 
 
 June 20, 
 
 July 31, 
 Aug. 21, 
 Apr. 13, 
 May 2i, 
 June 4, 
 July 31. 
 Aug. 28, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 2, 
 Mar. 12, 
 Oct. 20, 
 Jan. I, 
 Feb. 21, 
 Apr. 13, 
 May 6, 
 May 10, 
 May 23, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Mar. 10, 
 June 5, 
 Aug. 29, 
 Aug. 31, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Oct. 3, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Jam 4, 
 Jan. 15, 
 Jan. 28, 
 Feb. 12, 
 Mar. 4, 
 
 Company I — Continued. 
 Camp Sabinal Texas 
 
 En route to Fort Clark 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 En route to Fort Mcintosh 
 
 Fort Mcintosh 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Mcintosh 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Camp near Fort Mason 
 
 ( En route to, and camp on, Clear 
 
 \ Fork of Brazos 
 
 En route to Camp Hudson. 
 
 Camp Hudson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Van Camp 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Van Camp 
 
 En route to Camp Verde 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Camp Ives 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Ives 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Moorefield , 
 
 Moorefield , 
 
 En route to Cumberland 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Charleston 
 
 Charleston 
 
 En route to Salisbury 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 41 
 
 Texas, Mex. 
 Texas 
 
 Texas, Mex.. 
 
 Texas 
 
 Texas, N. M. 
 Texas 
 
 Texas, Mex. 
 Texas 
 
 Pennsylvania . 
 
 D. C 
 
 Virginia 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va. Md., Pa. 
 Maryland. . . . 
 W. Virginia. . 
 
 Maryland. . . . 
 
 D. C 
 
 S. Carolina. , 
 
 N. Carolina. 
 
 Sept. 3, 
 
 56. 
 
 Sept. 6, 
 
 56. 
 
 Nov. 21, 
 
 56. 
 
 Jan. 22, 
 
 57- 
 
 Jan. 28, 
 
 57- 
 
 Feb. 28, 
 
 '57- 
 
 Mar. 19, 
 
 '57- 
 
 Mar. 26, 
 
 '57- 
 
 Sept. 21, 
 
 '57- 
 
 Sept. 30, 
 
 '57- 
 
 May 13, 
 
 '58. 
 
 May 30, 
 
 '58. 
 
 June 20, 
 
 '53. 
 
 July 31. 
 
 '58. 
 
 Aug. 21, 
 
 '58. 
 
 Apr. 13, 
 
 '59- 
 
 May 21, 
 
 '59- 
 
 June 4, 
 
 '59- 
 
 July 31. 
 
 '59- 
 
 Aug. 28 
 
 '59- 
 
 Sept. 23 
 
 '59- 
 
 Oct. 2, 
 
 '59- 
 
 Mar. 12, 
 
 '60. 
 
 Oct. 20, 
 
 •60. 
 
 Jan. I, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Feb. 21, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Apr. 13, 
 
 '61. 
 
 May 6, 
 
 '61. 
 
 May 10, 
 
 '61. 
 
 May 23, 
 
 '61. 
 
 Aug. 24 
 
 '61. 
 
 Mar. 10, 
 
 '62. 
 
 June 5, 
 
 •65. 
 
 Aug. 29 
 
 '65- 
 
 Aug. 31 
 
 '65- 
 
 Oct. 1, 
 
 '65. 
 
 Oct. 3, 
 
 '65. 
 
 Jan. 3, 
 
 "66. 
 
 Jan. 4, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Jan. 15, 
 
 "66. 
 
 Jan. 28, 
 
 "66. 
 
 Feb. 12 
 
 •66. 
 
 Mar. 4, 
 
 '66. 
 
 Apr. 1, 
 
 '66. 
 
642 
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 Company I — Continued. 
 
 Apr. I, 
 Apr. 6,' 
 Apr. 12, 
 Apr. 13, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Aug. 25, 
 Sept. 13, 
 Sept. 27, 
 Oct. i, 
 July 3. 
 July 24, 
 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 Oct. I, 
 Oct. 28, 
 
 May 14, 
 May 16, 
 June 7, 
 June 8, 
 July 14, 
 July 30, 
 Oct. 20, 
 Nov. 8, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Feb. 2, 
 May 23, 
 June 2, 
 June 5. 
 Aug. 15, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 18, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Jan. 30, 
 Mar. 3, 
 May 10, 
 June 20, '72 
 June 28, '72 
 Jan. 28, 
 May 23 
 May 28 
 May 29, '73 
 July 12 
 July 30, '73 
 Aug. 24 
 
 73 
 
 En route to Raleigh 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 En route to Morganton 
 
 Morganton 
 
 En route to Raleigh ........ — 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 En route to Fort Harker 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field service — . 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell . . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Grant 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to San Carlos Agency. 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 Field-service ■ 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 En route to Camp Grant 
 
 N. Carolina. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Kan., Neb. 
 Nebraska . . 
 Neb., Kan. 
 Nebraska . . 
 Neb., Kan. 
 Nebraska . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Apr. 6, 
 Apr. 12, 
 Apr. 13, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Aug. 25, 
 Sept. 13, 
 Sept. 27, 
 Oct. 1, 
 July 3, 
 July 24, 
 Aug. 22, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Oct. 28, 
 May 14, 
 May 16, 
 June 7, 
 June 8, 
 July 14. 
 July 30. 
 Oct. 20, 
 Nov. 8, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Feb. 2, 
 May 23, 
 June 2, 
 June 5, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 18, 
 Jan. 24, 
 Jan. 30, 
 Mar. 3, 
 May 10, 
 June 20, 
 June 23, 
 Jan. 28, 
 May 23, 
 May 28, 
 May 29, 
 July 12, 
 July 30, 
 Aug. 24, 
 Aug. 26, 
 
 ■66 
 '67. 
 '67. 
 
 •68. 
 '68. 
 '68, 
 '68, 
 '68. 
 •69.. 
 •6 9 . 
 '69. 
 •69. 
 •69. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 •70. 
 '70, 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '70. 
 '7i. 
 '71. 
 '7i. 
 '71. 
 '7i- 
 '7*. 
 71. 
 
 '71. 
 
 '71. 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 
 •72. 
 '72 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '72. 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 643 
 
 Company I — Continued. 
 
 Aug. 26, 
 
 '73 
 
 Nov. 25, 
 
 '73 
 
 Nov. 28, 
 
 '73 
 
 Dec. 22, 
 
 '73 
 
 Dec. 24 
 
 '73 
 
 Feb. 2, 
 
 '74 
 
 July 5, 
 
 '74 
 
 July 20, 
 
 '74 
 
 Aug. 28, 
 
 '74 
 
 Oct. 8, 
 
 '74 
 
 Oct. 28, 
 
 '74 
 
 Jan. 2, 
 
 '75 
 
 Feb. 23, 
 
 '75 
 
 Mar. 26, 
 
 '75 
 
 Mar. 31, 
 
 '75 
 
 July 17, 
 
 '75 
 
 Sept. 9, 
 
 '75 
 
 June 6, 
 
 •76 
 
 Nov. 2, 
 
 '76 
 
 May 29, 
 
 '77 
 
 Oct. 25, 
 
 '77 
 
 Jan. 6, 
 
 '78 
 
 Jan. 25, 
 
 '78 
 
 June 7, 
 
 •78 
 
 June 14, 
 
 '78 
 
 Nov. 22, 
 
 •78 
 
 Nov. 25, 
 
 '78 
 
 Jan. 20, 
 
 '79 
 
 Feb. 28, 
 
 '79 
 
 Oct. I, 
 
 '79 
 
 Apr. 2, 
 
 '8o 
 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 ■80 
 
 May 2, 
 
 •80 
 
 July 10, 
 
 '81 
 
 Sept. 27, 
 
 '81 
 
 May 22, 
 
 '82 
 
 June 3, 
 
 '82 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to San Carlos Agency. . . 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 En route to Camp Apache 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache. 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Apache 
 
 En route to Fort Gibson 
 
 Fort Gibson 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell , 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Ross Fork Agency . . , 
 
 Field-service 
 
 En route to Fort D. A. Russell. . . 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service (Ute Expedition). . . 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 En route to Fort McKinney 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Indian Ter. 
 
 Wyoming. . . 
 
 Utah, Idaho. 
 Wyoming . . . 
 
 Wyoming , 
 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Wyoming . . 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Wyo., Mon. . , 
 Wyoming 
 
 Nov. 25, 
 Nov. 28, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Dec. 24, 
 Feb. 2, 
 July 5. 
 July 20, 
 Aug. 28, 
 Oct. 8, 
 Oct. 28, 
 Jan. 2, 
 Feb. 23, 
 Mar. 26, 
 Mar. 31, 
 July 17, 
 Sept. 9, 
 June 6, 
 Nov. 2, 
 May 29, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Jan. 6, 
 Jan. 25, 
 June 7, 
 June 14, 
 Nov. 22, 
 Nov. 25, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Feb. 28, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Apr. 2, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 2, 
 July 10, 
 Sept. 27, 
 May 22, 
 June 3, 
 
 73- 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '73- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75. 
 '75- 
 '76. 
 '76. 
 '77. 
 '77- 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 '78. 
 •78. 
 '79- 
 '79- 
 '79- 
 '80. 
 '80. 
 80. 
 81. 
 '8i. 
 82. 
 '82. 
 
 June 19, '55 
 Oct. 27, '55 
 Dec. 27, '55 
 Dec. 31, '55 
 
 COMPANY K. 
 
 Jefferson Barracks 
 
 En route to Fort Belknap. 
 Fort Belknap 
 
 En route to Camp Cooper. 
 
 Missouri. 
 Texas . . . 
 
 Oct. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 27, '55. 
 Dec. 31, '55. 
 Jan. 3, '50. 
 
644 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company K — Continued. 
 
 '56 
 
 Jan. 3 
 Aug. 9 
 Sept. 12, '56 
 Feb. 
 Mar. 13, '57 
 Mar. 16, '57 
 Mar. 17, '57 
 July si, '57 
 Aug. 29, '57 
 Nov. 5 
 Nov. 12, '57 
 Apr. 4, 
 Apr. 15, 
 June 26, 
 
 56 
 
 July 14, 
 
 July 31. - 
 
 Sept. 23, '58 
 Sept. 29, " 
 Oct. 10, 
 Oct. 28, 
 Nov. 14, 
 Dec. 12, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Feb. 21, 
 Mar. 6, 
 Jan. 3, 
 Jan. 2i, 
 Mar. 15, 
 Apr. 27, 
 May 31, 
 Sept. 14, 
 Mar. 10, 
 May 7, 
 Mar. 31, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 4, 
 July 11, 
 Oct. 7, 
 Oct. si, 
 June 13, 
 Oct. 8, 
 Dec. 12, 
 Feb. 15, 
 Feb. 
 
 27. 
 
 Camp Cooper 
 
 En route to Fort Inge 
 
 Fort Inge 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Inge 
 
 En route to Fort Clark 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Clark 
 
 En route to Fort Mason 
 
 Fort Mason 
 
 En route to Clear Fork of Brazos . . 
 j Camp Iverson, near Clear Fork 
 
 \ of Brazos 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Radziminski 
 
 En route to Camp Colorado 
 
 Camp Colorado 
 
 En route to Camp Wood 
 
 Camp Wood 
 
 En route to Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service. 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp Hualpai 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Texas 
 
 C. N. 
 Texas 
 C. N., 
 Texas 
 C.N.. 
 Texas . 
 C. N.. 
 Texas , 
 
 Pennsylvania , 
 
 Va., Md 
 
 D. C 
 
 Va., Md., Pa. 
 D. C 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Arizona Ter . 
 
 Aug. 9, '56. 
 Sept. 12, '56. 
 Feb. I, '57. 
 Mar. 13, '57. 
 Mar. 16, '57. 
 Mar. 17, '57. 
 July 21, '57. 
 Aug. 29, '57. 
 Nov. 5, '57. 
 Nov. 12, '57. 
 Apr. 4, '58. 
 Apr. 15, '58. 
 June 26, '58. 
 July 14, '58. 
 
 July 31, '58. 
 
 Sept. 23/58. 
 Sept. 29, '58. 
 Oct. 10, '58. 
 Oct. 28, '58. 
 Nov. 14, '58. 
 Dec. 12, '58. 
 Dec. 22, '58. 
 Feb. 21, '59. 
 Mar. 6, '59. 
 Jan. 3, '60. 
 Jan Si, '60. 
 Mar. 15, '61. 
 Apr. 27, '61. 
 May 31, '61. 
 Sept. 14, '61. 
 Mar. 10, '62. 
 May 7, '65. 
 Mar. 31, '70. 
 Apr. 29, '70. 
 May 4, '70. 
 July 11, '70. 
 Oct. 7, '70. 
 Oct. 21, '70. 
 June 13, '71. 
 Oct. 8, '71. 
 Dec. 12, '71. 
 Feb. 15, '72. 
 Feb. 27, '72. 
 Mar. 6, '72. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 645 
 
 Company K — Continued. 
 
 Mar. 6, '72 
 Apr. 25, '72 
 Apr. 27, '72 
 May 5, '72 
 May 7, '72 
 May 19, '72 
 May 23, 
 June 12, 
 
 July 9. 
 
 Sept. 22, 
 Sept. 27, 
 Oct. 19, 
 Oct. 27, 
 
 Nov. 16, 
 Apr. 10, 
 July 20, 
 July 28, 
 Sept. 18, 
 
 Oct. 2, 
 
 Oct. 7, 
 Oct. 11, 
 Dec. 1, 
 Jan. 23, 
 Feb. 23, 
 June 7. 
 July 29, 
 Aug. 6, 
 Sept. 9, 
 Sept. 25, 
 Oct. 19, 
 Nov. 7, 
 Nov. 17, 
 Dec. 5, 
 Dec. 15, 
 Jan. 4, 
 Jan. 11, 
 Feb. 5. 
 Feb. 27, 
 Mar. 30, 
 May 3, 
 June 29, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Sept. 24, 
 May 19, 
 May 20, 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Hualpai 
 
 En route to Camp Verde 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Verde 
 
 En route to Fort Hays . . 
 Camp near Fort Hays. . . 
 En route to Fort Riley . . 
 
 Fort Riley 
 
 En route to Fort Hays . . 
 Fort Hays 
 
 Arizona Ter 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Apr. 25, '72 
 Apr. 27, '72 
 May 5, '72 
 May 7, '72 
 May 19, '72 
 May 23, '72, 
 June 12, '72 
 July 9, '72 
 Sept. 22, '72 
 Sept. 27, '72 
 Oct. 19, '72 
 Oct. 27, '72 
 Nov. 16, '72, 
 Apr. 10, '73 
 July 20, '73 
 July 28, '73 
 Sept. 18, '73 
 Oct. 2, '73 
 Oct. 7, *73 
 Oct. 11, '73 
 Dec. 1, '73 
 Jan. 23, '74 
 Feb. 23, '74 
 June 7, '74 
 July 29, '74 
 Aug. 6, '74 
 Sept. 9, '74 
 Sept. 25, '74 
 Oct. 19, '74 
 Nov. 7, '74 
 Nov. 17, '74. 
 Dec. 5, '74 
 Dec. 15, '74 
 Jan. 4. '75 
 Jan. n, '75 
 Feb. 5, ■ 
 Feb. 27, 
 Mar. 30, 
 May 3, 
 June 29, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Sept. 24 
 May 19, 
 May 20, 
 June 5, 
 
646 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Company K — Continued. 
 
 June 5, '76 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Oct. 31, '76 Sidney Barracks 
 
 July 26, '77 En route to Omaha Barracks 
 
 July 27, '77 Omaha Barracks 
 
 Aug. 3, '77 En route to Sidney Barracks 
 
 Aug. 4, '77 Sidney Barracks 
 
 Aug. 28, '77 Field-service 
 
 Sept. 24, '77 Fort Washakie 
 
 May 15, '78 Field-service 
 
 July 21, '78 Camp near Fort McKinney 
 
 Apr. 9, '79 Fort McKinney 
 
 Oct. 6, '79 Field-service (Ute Expedition) 
 
 Nov. 29, '79 Fort D. A. Russell . 
 
 Apr. 29, '80 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 May 2, '80 Fort Laramie 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Wyoming . 
 
 Wyoming , 
 
 Oct. 31, 
 
 July 26, 
 July 27, 
 Aug. 3, 
 Aug. 4, 
 Aug. 28, 
 Sept. 24, 
 May 15, 
 July 21, 
 Apr. 9, 
 Oct. 6, 
 Nov. 29, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 2, 
 
 Oct. 27, '65 
 Jan. 13, '66 
 Jan. 20, '66 
 Mar. 12, '66 
 June 22, '66 
 Aug. 31, '66 
 Oct. 31, '66 
 June 5, '67 
 Sept. 12, '68 
 Sept. 23, '68 
 Oct. 1, '68 
 July 3, '69 
 July 24, '69 
 Oct. 10, '69 
 Apr. 26, '70 
 Nov. 7, '70 
 Mar. 14, '71 
 Mar. 17, '71 
 May 23, '71 
 May 27, '71 
 Sept. 23, '71 
 Oct. 10, '71 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Jan. 10, '72 
 Jan. 21, '72 
 
 COMPANY L 
 
 Washington 
 
 En route to Charleston 
 
 Charleston and Mount Pleasant. . . 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Chester 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Edgefield 
 
 Aiken 
 
 En route to Fort Harker , 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Camp McDowell. . . . 
 
 Camp McDowell 
 
 En route to Camp Grant , 
 
 D. C 
 
 S. Carolina. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Kan., Neb.. 
 Nebraska . . . 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Jan. 13, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Mar. 12, 
 June 22, 
 Aug. 31, 
 Oct. 31, 
 June 5, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 1, 
 
 July 3. 
 July 24, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Apr. 26, 
 Nov. 7, 
 Mar. 14, 
 Mar. 17, 
 May 23, 
 May 27, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 10, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Jan. 10, 
 Jan. 21, 
 Jan. 26, 
 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '66. 
 '67. 
 '68. 
 '68. 
 '68. 
 '69. 
 •69. 
 •69, 
 •70. 
 '70. 
 '71. 
 '71. 
 '71- 
 '7i- 
 '7i- 
 '71. 
 '71. 
 '72- 
 '72- 
 '72. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 647 
 
 Jan. 26, '72 
 June 20, '72 
 June 28, '72 
 Dec. 9, '72 
 Apr. 29, '73 
 May 28, '73 
 May 30, '73 
 June 1, '73 
 June 2, '73 
 Sept. 15, *73 
 Nov. 12, '73 
 Feb. 1, '74 
 Apr. 16, '74 
 May 11, '74 
 July 10, '74 
 July 29, '75 
 Sept. 10, '75 
 Nov. 28, '75 
 Dec. 12, '75 
 June 1, '76 
 June 5, '76 
 
 July 17, '76 
 
 Aug. S, '76 
 
 Oct. 22, '76 
 
 Oct. 24, '76 
 
 Nov. 1, '76 
 
 Jan. 13, '77 
 
 May 29, '77 
 
 Oct. 28, '77 
 Sept. 12, '78 
 Nov. 12, '78 
 May 13, '80 
 June 6, *8o 
 June 23, '81 
 June 27, '81 
 Mar. 10, '82 
 Mar. 11, '82 
 Mar. 20, '82 
 Mar. 21, '82 
 
 Company L — Continued. 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to San Carlos Agency 
 
 San CarloE Agency 
 
 En route to Camp Grant 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to Fort Lyon ....... 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service. 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service. 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Robinson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Robinson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell. 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Washakie 
 
 En route to Fort Robinson. 
 
 Fort Robinson 
 
 En route to Fort Sidney . . . 
 
 Fort Sidney 
 
 En route to Omaha 
 
 Omaha 
 
 En route to Fort Sidney . . . 
 Fort Sidney. ... 
 
 Colorado 
 
 ( Kan.,Wyo., 
 1 Neb.... 
 Nebraska 
 
 Neb., Wyo. . . 
 Wyoming. . . . 
 i Wyo., Dak., 
 ( Mon.... 
 Nebraska 
 Neb., Wyo. . , 
 Wyoming 
 Nebraska. . . . 
 
 June 20, 
 
 72. 
 
 June 28, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Dec. 9, 
 
 '72. 
 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 '73- 
 
 May 28, 
 
 '73- 
 
 May 30, 
 
 '73- 
 
 June I, 
 
 '73- 
 
 June 2, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Sept 15, 
 
 '73. 
 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 '73- 
 
 Feb. 1, 
 
 '74- 
 
 Apr. 16, 
 
 '74- 
 
 May 11, 
 
 '74- 
 
 July 10, 
 
 '74- 
 
 July 29, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Sept. 10 
 
 '75- 
 
 Nov. 28 
 
 '75- 
 
 Dec. 12 
 
 '75- 
 
 June 1, 
 
 '76. 
 
 June 5 
 
 '76. 
 
 July 17 
 
 '76. 
 
 Aug. 5, 
 
 '76. 
 
 Oct. 22, 
 Oct. 24, 
 Nov. 1, 
 Jan. 13, 
 May 29, 
 
 Oct. 28, 
 
 Sept. 12, 
 Nov. 12, 
 May 13, 
 June 6, 
 June 23, 
 June 27, 
 Mar. 10, 
 Mar. 11, 
 Mar. 20, 
 Mar. 21, 
 
 '76. 
 •76. 
 
 >■ 
 ■77- 
 '77- 
 
648 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Feb. 23, '63 
 Mar. 12, '63 
 Mar. 13, '63 
 May 17, '63 
 June 5, '65 
 Oct. 23, '65 
 Oct. 29, '65 
 July 9, '66 
 July 13, '66 
 Sept. 3, '66 
 Oct. 19, '66 
 Nov. 3, '66 
 Nov. 12, '66 
 Dec. 15, '66 
 Sept. 11, 
 Sept. 25, 
 Oct. 1, '68 
 July 23, '69 
 Aug. 21, '69 
 Oct. 28, "' 
 May 14, 
 May 1 8, 
 June 7, 
 June 11, 
 June 25, 
 June 26, 
 July 11, 
 July 17, 
 Aug. 10, 
 Sept. 10, 
 May 11, 
 May 22, 
 Nov. 24 
 Nov. 27, '71 
 Dec. 12, '71 
 Feb. 10, '72 
 May 6, 
 Oct. 2, 
 Dec. 9, 
 Apr. 27, 
 June 23, '73 
 July 7, '73 
 Aug. 25, '73 
 
 '69 
 70 
 70 
 '70 
 '70 
 70 
 '70 
 •70 
 '70 
 70 
 '70 
 7i 
 71 
 , '7i 
 
 COMPANY M. 
 
 Carlisle Barracks 
 
 En route to Washington 
 
 Washington 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 En route to Nashville 
 
 Nashville 
 
 En route to Memphis 
 
 Memphis 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 En route to Nashville 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Gallatin 
 
 En route to Fort Harker 
 
 Fort Harker 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 En route to Fort Laramie 
 
 Fort Laramie 
 
 En route to Fort D. A. Russell. . . . 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp Grant 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 Field-service 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 d. a... 
 
 Va., Md., Pa 
 
 Maryland. 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Tenn., Ky 
 Tennessee 
 Kansas 
 
 Kan., Neb 
 Nebraska 
 Neb., Kan 
 Nebraska 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Arizona Ter 
 
 Mar. 12, '63. 
 Mar. 13, '63. 
 May 17, '63. 
 June 5, '65. 
 Oct. 23, '65. 
 Oct. 29, '65. 
 July 9, '66. 
 July 13, '66. 
 Sept. 3, '66. 
 Oct. 19, '66. 
 Nov. 3, '66. 
 Nov. 12, '66. 
 Dec. 15, '66. 
 Sept. 11, '68. 
 Sept. 25, '68. 
 Oct. 1, '68. 
 July 23, '69. 
 Aug. 21, '69. 
 Oct. 28, '69. 
 May 14, '70. 
 May 18, '70. 
 June 7, '70. 
 June 11, '70. 
 June 25, '70. 
 June 26, '70. 
 July 11, '70. 
 July 17, '70. 
 Aug. IO, '70. 
 Sept. 10, '70. 
 May 11, '71. 
 May 22, '71. 
 Nov. 24, '71. 
 Nov. 27, '71. 
 Dec. 12, '71. 
 Feb. 10, '72. 
 May 6, '72. 
 Oct. 2, '72. 
 Dec. 9, '72. 
 Apr. 27, '73. 
 June 23, '73. 
 
 July 7, '73- 
 Aug. 25, '73. 
 Aug. 26, '73. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 649 
 
 Company M — Continued. 
 
 Aug. 26, 
 Dec. 3, 
 Dec. 5, 
 Feb. x, 
 Apr. 16, 
 May 11, 
 July 10, 
 May 2, 
 June 25, 
 Nov. 28, 
 Dec. 12, 
 May 19, 
 May 27, 
 June 5, 
 Nov. 7, 
 July 25, 
 July 27, 
 Aug. 15, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 30/ 
 Nov. 3, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Apr. 14, 
 June 7, 
 Dec. 11, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Feb. 28, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Apr. 2, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 9, 
 May 6, 
 May 7, 
 
 San Carlos Agency 
 
 En route to Camp Grant 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Camp Grant 
 
 En route to Fort Lyon 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort Lyon 
 
 Field-service (B. H. & Y. Expedition) 
 
 Fort McPherson , 
 
 En route to Chicago 
 
 Chicago 
 
 En route to Fort McPherson. . . . 
 
 Fort McPherson 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort McKinney 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field-service 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 Field service (Ute Expedition).... 
 
 Fort D. A. Russell 
 
 En route to Camp Sheridan 
 
 Camp Sheridan 
 
 En route to Fort Robinson , 
 
 Fort Robinson , 
 
 Arizona Ter. 
 
 Colorado. 
 
 Nebraska . 
 Illinois . . . 
 
 Nebraska . 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Wyo., Neb. 
 Wyoming. . 
 
 Wyoming. . 
 
 Nebraska . . 
 
 Dec. 3, 
 Dec. 5, 
 Feb. I, 
 
 Apr. 16, 
 May 11, 
 July 10, 
 May 2, 
 June 25, 
 Nov. 28, 
 Dec. 12, 
 May 19, 
 May 27, 
 June 5, 
 Nov. 7, 
 
 July 25, 
 July 27, 
 
 Aug. 15, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 30, 
 Nov. 3, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Apr. 14, 
 June 7, 
 Dec. 11, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Feb. 28, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Apr. 2, 
 Apr. 29, 
 May 9, 
 May 6, 
 May 7, 
 
 73- 
 '73. 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 '75. 
 '75- 
 •76. 
 •76. 
 '76. 
 '76. 
 '77- 
 '77- 
 '77. 
 '77. 
 '77- 
 '77- 
 '78. 
 '73. 
 •78. 
 '78. 
 '79- 
 '79- 
 '7'.). 
 '8o. 
 '8o. 
 '80. 
 'Si. 
 '81. 
 
650 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 9. 
 BATTLE RECORD OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY. 
 
 TEXAS, 1856-1860. 
 
 1. Head-waters of the Nueces, February 22, 1856. — Captain James Oakes (C). 
 
 Severely wounded, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 2. Guadalupe River, March 8, 1856.— Captain Albert G. Brackett (I). 
 
 3. Head waters of the Concho, May 1, 1856. — Captain James Oakes (C). 
 
 4. Head-waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers, July r, 1856. — Captain Earl 
 
 Van Dom (A). 
 
 5. 6, 7. Junction of the Rio Grande and Pecos River — three combats in one day — 
 
 August 30, 1856. — Captain James Oakes (C). 
 
 8. Rio Llano, November 19, 1856. — First Lieutenant Walter H. Jenifer (B). 
 
 9. Head-waters of the Main Concho, November 26, 1856. — Captain William R. 
 
 Bradfute (G). Severely wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 10. Rio Grande, December 21, 1856. — Second Lieutenant James B. Witherell (C). 
 
 11. Head-waters of the Main Concho, December 22, 1856. — Captain Richard W. 
 
 Johnson (F). Killed, enlisted men, 2 ; wounded, 2. 
 
 12. North branch of the Concho, February 12, 1S57.— Second Lieutenant Robert 
 
 C. Wood, Jr. (B). Wounded, Lieutenant Robert C. Wood, Jr. 
 
 13. Kickapoo Creek, February 13, 1857.— First Sergeant Walter McDonald (D). 
 
 Killed, enlisted men, I ; wounded, 1. 
 
 14. Head-waters of the north branch of the Nueces, April 4, 1857. — First Lieu- 
 
 tenant Walter H. Jenifer (B). 
 
 15. Head-waters of the Nueces, April 19, 1857.— Second Lieutenant Robert C. 
 
 Wood, Jr. (B). 
 
 16. Near the head-waters of the Nueces, May 25, 1857.— First Lieutenant Walter 
 
 H. Jenifer (B). 
 
 17. Head- waters of the Rio Frio, June 30, 1857. — Corporal John Boyden (B). 
 
 18. South branch of the Llano River, July 2, 1857.— Sergeant William P. Lever- 
 
 ett (B). 
 
 19. Head-waters of Devil's River, July 20, 1857. — Second Lieutenant John B. 
 
 Hood (G). Wounded, Lieutenant John B. Hood. Killed, enlisted men, 
 2 ; wounded, 4. 
 
 20. Wichita Mountains, August 10, 1857.— Captain Charles J. Whiting (C, K). 
 
 21. Head-waters of the Brazos, September 24, 1857.— Captain Nathan G. Evans 
 
 (H). 
 
 22. Santa Catarina, September 28, 1857.— Sergeant Charles M. Patrick (I). 
 
 23. Verde River, October 30, 1857. — Second Lieutenant Cornelius Van Camp(D). 
 24 Seventy miles north-east of the Nueces, November 8, 1857.— Second Lieuten. 
 
 ant James B. Witherell (C, K). Wounded, Lieutenant James B. Witherell 
 and three enlisted men. 
 
APPENDIX. 651 
 
 25. Salamonana, November 15, 1857. — Second Lieutenant Wesley Owens (I). 
 
 26. South branch of the Llano River, January 28, 1858.— First Sergeant Walter 
 
 McDonald (D). Wounded, enlisted men, 3. 
 
 27. Wichita Village, October 1, 1858. — Captain Earl Van Dorn (A, F, H, K). 
 
 Killed, Lieutenant Cornelius Van Camp and three enlisted men ; mortally 
 wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, Captain Earl Van Dorn and nine en- 
 listed men. 
 
 28. Presidio de San Vicente, May 2, 1859.— Captain Albert G. Brackett (I). 
 
 29. Small Creek, a tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, C. N., May 
 
 13, 1859.— Captain Earl Van Dorn (A, B, C, F, G, H). Killed, enlisted 
 men, 1 ; mortally wounded, I ; wounded, Captain Edmund K. Smith, 
 Lieutenant Fitzhugh Lee, and eleven enlisted men. 
 
 30. TheEbonal, near Brownsville (Cortinas' raid), December 14, 1859. — Captain 
 
 George Stoneman (E). 
 
 31. North branch of the Guadalupe River, December 14, 1859. — Corporal Patrick 
 
 Collins (I). 
 
 32. Rio Grande City, near Ringgold Barracks (Cortinas' raid), December 27, 1859. 
 
 — Captain George Stoneman (E). 
 
 33. Pecan Bayou, January 16, i860. — Second Lieutenant Fitzhugh Lee (B). 
 
 34. Head-waters of Kickapoo Creek, January 26, i860. — First Sergeant Robert 
 
 N. Chapman (A). 
 
 35. Aqua Frio, January 29, i860. — Sergeant Alex. McK. Craig (C). Wounded, 
 
 enlisted men, 2. 
 
 36. Between Kickapoo and Brady creeks, February 13, i860. — Captain Richard 
 
 W. Johnson (A, F). 
 
 37. La Mesa, Mexico (Cortinas' raid), March 16, i860.— Captain George Stone- 
 
 man (E, G). 
 
 38. Salt Branch of the Brazos River, August 26, i860. — Major George H. Thomas 
 
 (the band and D). Wounded, Major George H. Thomas and five enlisted 
 men. 
 
 39. Sabano Creek, August 27, i860. — Corporal John Rutter (B). Killed, enlisted 
 
 men, 1. 
 
 40. Pease River, December 19, i860.— First Sergeant John W. Spangler (H). 
 
 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, 1861-1865. 
 
 41. Capture of Alexandria, Va., May 23, 1861.— Major George Stoneman, First 
 
 Cavalry (then serving as a captain in the regiment) (B, E, I). 
 
 42. Skirmish at Fairfax Court-House, Va., June 1, 1861.— First Lieutenant Charles 
 
 H. Tompkins (B). Wounded, Lieutenant Charles H. Tompkins (injured 
 by his wounded horse falling on him) and five enlisted men ; missing, 1. 
 
 43. Action at Falling Waters, Va., July 2, 1861.— Colonel George H. Thomas 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, F, K). Killed, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 44. Skirmish near Martinsburg, Va., July 3, 1861.— Colonel George H. Thomas 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, F, K). 
 
 45. Skirmish near Bunker Hill, Va., July 15, 1861.— Colonel George H. Thomas 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, F, K). 
 
 46. Skirmish near Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18, 1861.— Captain Albert G. 
 
 Brackett (G, I). Wounded, enlisted men, 3. 
 
652 APPENDIX. 
 
 47. Battle of Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861.— Major Innis N. Palmer (B, E, G, I). 
 
 Wounded, enlisted men, 9 ; missing, 1. 
 
 48. Skirmish at Flint Hill (near Vienna), Va., October 20, 1861.— Captain Charles 
 
 J. Whiting (K). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 49. Skirmish at Cedar Run, Va., March 14, 1862.— Captain Charles J. Whiting 
 
 (A, B, E, F, G, K). Mortally wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, 3. 
 
 50. Siege of Yorktown, Va., April 4-May 4, 1862.— Major Joseph H. Whit- 
 
 tlesey (the regiment). 
 
 51. Skirmish near Lee's Mills, Va., April 16, 1862.— Captain William P. Cham- 
 
 bliss (D). 
 
 52. Skirmish at Warwick Creek, Va., May 4, 1862.— Captain William P. Cham- 
 
 bliss (detachment Fifth Cavalry). 
 
 53. Battle of Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862.— Major Joseph H. Whittlesey (the 
 
 regiment). 
 
 54. Battle of Hanover Court-House, Va., May 27, 1862.— Captain Charles J. 
 
 Whiting (the regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 2 ; missing, 1. 
 
 55. Reconnaissance towards Ashland, Va., May 28, 1862. — Captain Charles J. 
 
 Whiting (the regiment). 
 
 56. Reconnaissance towards Ashland, Va., May 29, 1862.— Captain William P. 
 
 Chambliss (D, H, I, K). 
 
 57. Action at Old Church, Va., June 13, 1862.— Captain William B. Royall (B, 
 
 C, F, H). Severely wounded, Captain William B. Royall and Lieutenant 
 William McLean ; killed, enlisted men, 4 ; missing, 35. 
 
 58. Reconnaissance towards the White House, Va., June 26, 1862. — Captain 
 
 James E. Harrison (B, C, E, G, K). 
 
 59. Skirmish near Polgreen's Church, Va., while engaged in blockading the cross- 
 
 roads, June 26, 1862. — Sergeant James Hastings (detachment of E). Mor- 
 tally wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 60. Battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862.— Captain Charles J. Whiting 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, D, F, H, I, and small detachments of other 
 companies of the regiment). Killed, Lieutenant John J. Sweet ; wounded, 
 Captain William P. Chambliss, Lieutenants Abraham K. Arnold, Louis 
 
 D. Watkins, and Thomas E. Maley ; captured, Captain Charles J. Whit- 
 ing. Killed, enlisted men, 3 ; mortally wounded, 2 ; wounded, 25 ; miss- 
 ing, 24. 
 
 61. Battle of Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862.— Captain Joseph H. McArthur 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, D, F, H, I, and small detachments of other 
 companies of the regiment, being the men remaining for duty after the 
 battle of Gaines's Mill). 
 
 62. Battle of Malvern Hill, Va., July I, 1862.— Captain Joseph H. McArthur 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, D, F, H, I, and small detachments of other 
 companies of the regiment). 
 
 63. Skirmish near St. Mary's Church, Va., July 16, 1862.— Captain James E. 
 
 Harrison (B, C, and detachments of other companies). 
 
 64. Skirmish near Sycamore Church, Va., August 3, 1862. — Captain Wesley 
 
 Owens (D, E, G, I). Wounded, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 65. Skirmish in the White Oak Swamp, Va., August 5, 1862. — Captain Joseph H. 
 
 McArthur (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, G, I). 
 
 66. Reconnaissance to Malvern Hill, Va., August 7, 1862. — Captain Wesley 
 
 Owens (G). 
 
 67. Reconnaissance to Burnt Bridge, Va., August 12, 1862. — Captain Wesley 
 
 Owens (G). 
 
APPENDIX. G53 
 
 68. A part of the rear-guard of the Army of the Fotomac during the evacuation of 
 
 the Peninsula, Harrison's Landing, Va., to Williamsburg, Va., August 
 15-20, 1862. — Major Charles J. Whiting, Third Cavalry (then serving 
 as a captain in the regiment) (the regiment). 
 
 69. Battle of South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1862. — Major Charles J. 
 
 Whiting, Third Cavalry (then serving as a captain in the regiment) (the 
 regiment). 
 
 70. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17, 1862. — Major Charles J. Whiting, 
 
 Third Cavalry (then serving as a captain in the regiment) (the regiment). 
 Mortally wounded, enlisted men, 2 ; wounded, 1. 
 
 71. Skirmish near Shepherdstown, Md., September 19, 1862. — Captain James 
 
 E. Harrison (the regiment). Missing, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 72. Engagement near Halltown, Md., September 26, 1862. — Captain James E. 
 
 Harrison (the regiment). 
 
 73. Reconnaissance to Halltown, Md., September 29, 1862. — Captain Wesley 
 
 Owens (E, G, K). 
 
 74. Reconnaissance from Antietam, Md., to Martinsburg, Va., October—, 1862. 
 
 — First Lieutenant Richard Byrnes (C). 
 
 75. Skirmish near Union, Va., November 2, 1862. — Captain James E. Harrison 
 
 (the regiment). 
 
 76. Action near Piedmont, Va., November 3, 1862. — Captain Thomas Drummond 
 
 (F). Missing, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 77. Skirmish at Upperville, Va., November 3, 1862. — Captain James E. Harrison 
 
 (the regiment, except Company F). Wounded, enlisted men, 3 ; miss- 
 ing, 1. 
 
 78. Action at Markham's Station, Va., November 4, 1862.— Captain James E. Har- 
 
 rison (the regiment). Mortally wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, 7. 
 
 79. Skirmish at Manassas Gap, Va., November 4, 1862.— Captain Edward H. 
 
 Leib (I). 
 
 80. Skirmish at Snicker's Gap, Va., November 5, 1862.— Captain Edward H. 
 
 Leib (I). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 81. Skirmish at Barbee's Cross-Roads, Va., November 5, 1862.— Captain James E. 
 
 Harrison (the regiment, except Company I). 
 
 82. Skirmish at Little Washington, Va., November 8, 1862.— First Lieutenant 
 
 Joseph P. Ash (D, E). Wounded, Lieutenant Joseph P. Ash ; mortally 
 wounded, enlisted men, 2 ; severely wounded, 6. 
 
 83. Action at Amissville, Va., November 10, 1S62. — Captain James E. Harrison 
 
 (the regiment, except Company I). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 84. Action near Hazel Run, Va., November 10, 1862.— Captain Edward H. 
 
 Leib (I). 
 
 85. Affair ten miles south of Warrenton, Va., November IO, 1862.— First Lieu- 
 
 tenant Joseph P. Ash (E). 
 
 86. Skirmish near Rappahannock Bridge, Va., November 23, 1862.— Captain Ju- 
 
 lius W. Mason (E, K). Missing, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 87. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862.— Captain Wesley Owens 
 
 (the regiment). 
 
 88. Skirmish near Falmouth, Va., December 25, 1862.— First Lieutenant Leicester 
 
 Walker (C). Missing, enlisted men, 3. 
 
 89. Reconnaissance near Falmouth, Va., December 27, 1862.— First Lieutenant 
 
 Thomas E. Maley (H). 
 
 90. Reconnaissance near Falmouth, Va., December 30, 1862.— Captain James E. 
 
 Harrison (the regiment, except Company H). 
 
654 APPENDIX. 
 
 91. Action at Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, Va., March 17, 1863. — First 
 
 Lieutenant Edward H. Leib (C, E, G, H, I, K). Killed, enlisted men, 
 2 ; wounded, 3 ; missing, 4. 
 
 92. Affair at Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, Va., April 14, 1863. — Second 
 
 Lieutenant Joseph H. Wood (B). 
 
 93. Stoneman's Raid, Va., April 29-May 8, 1863. — Captain James E. Harrison 
 
 (the regiment, except Company M). 
 
 94. Combat near Brandy Station, Va., April 29, 1863.— Captain Thomas Drum- 
 
 mond (A, B, F, I). Missing, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 95. Action near Raccoon Ford, Va., April 30, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (E, K). Missing, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 96. Skirmish at South Anna Bridge, near Thompson's Cross-Roads, Va., May 
 
 3, 1863.— Second Lieutenant Robert H. Montgomery (E, K). Missing, 
 enlisted men, 3. 
 
 97. Skirmish at Shannon Hill, Va., May 3, 1S63.— Captain Thomas Drummond 
 
 (F, I). Missing, enlisted men, 2. 
 9S. Engagement at Fleming's Cross-Roads, Va., May 4, 1863. — Captain James E. 
 
 Harrison (detachments of A, B, C, D, G, H, I). Captured, Captain Wesley 
 
 Owens and Lieutenant Temple Buford ; severely wounded, enlisted men, 
 
 4 ; missing, 30. 
 99. Battle of Beverly Ford, Va., June 9, 1863. — Captain James E. Harrison (the 
 
 regiment). Severely wounded, Lieutenant Gustavus Urban ; wounded, 
 
 Lieutenant Frank W. Dickerson. Killed, enlisted men. 4 ; mortally 
 
 wounded, 3 ; wounded, 15 ; missing, 15. 
 
 100. Action at Aldie, Va., June 17, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the regi- 
 
 ment). 
 
 101. Action at Middletown, Va., June 19, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the 
 
 regiment). 
 
 102. Action at Snicker's Gap, near Upperville, Va., June 21, 1863. — Captain Ju- 
 
 lius W. Mason (the regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; missing, 1. 
 
 103. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the 
 
 regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, 1 ; missing, 2. 
 
 104. Action at Williamsport, Md., July 6, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the 
 
 regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 2 ; missing, 11. 
 
 105. Actions at Boonsboro, Md., July 8-9, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the 
 
 regiment). Wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; missing, 5. 
 
 106. Action near Funkstown, Md., July 10, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason (the 
 
 regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; severely 
 wounded, 2 ; captured, 1. 
 
 107. Action at Falling Waters, Va., July 14, 1S63. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (the regiment). 
 10S. Engagements at Manassas Gap, Va., July 21-23, 1863. — Captain Julius W. 
 
 Mason (the regiment). Killed, enlisted men, 4 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; 
 
 wounded, 3 ; missing, 4. 
 109. Skirmishes near Front Royal, Va., July 23-24, 1863. — Captain Julius W. 
 
 Mason (the regiment). 
 no. Action near Brandy Station, Va., August 1, 1S63. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (the regiment). Wounded, Lieutenant Robert P. Wilson and one en- 
 listed man. 
 in. Battle of Brandy Station, Va., August 3, 1863. — Captain Julius W.Mason 
 
 (the regiment). Killed, enlisted men, I ; mortally wounded, 2 ; severely 
 
 wounded, 2 ; wounded, 1. 
 
APPENDIX. 655 
 
 112. Skirmish near Brandy Station, Va., August 6, 1863. — First Lieutenant Frank 
 
 W. Dickerson (D). 
 
 113. Action at Morton's Ford, Va., October 11, 1863. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (the regiment, except Company D). 
 
 114. Combat at Bristoe Station, Va., October 14, 1863. — Captain Abraham K. 
 
 Arnold (the regiment, except Company D). 
 
 115. Skirmish at Kettle Run, Va., October 18, 1863. — Second Lieutenant John H. 
 
 Kane (B). 
 
 116. Operations at Mine Run, Va., November 26-December 4, 1863. — Captain 
 
 Abraham K. Arnold (the regiment, except Company D). 
 
 117. Marston's raid through the counties of Northumberland, Richmond, and 
 
 Lancaster, Va., January 13-15, 1864. — First Lieutenant Frank W. Dick- 
 erson (D). 
 
 118. Action near Barnett's Ford, on the Rapidan, Va. , February 7, 1864. — Cap- 
 
 tain Julius W. Mason (the regiment, except Company D). Wounded, 
 Captain Joseph P. Ash and one enlisted man. 
 
 119. Action at Charlottesville, Va., February 29, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. Ar- 
 
 nold (the regiment, except Company D). Mortally wounded, enlisted 
 men, 1 ; severely wounded, 1. 
 
 120. Action at Stanardsville, Va., March 1, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 (the regiment, except Company D). Mortally wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; 
 wounded, 1. 
 
 121. Skirmish near Morton's Ford, Va., March X, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. 
 
 Arnold (the regiment, except Company D). Missing, enlisted men, 2. 
 [Companies B, F, K, and later detachments of C and D, served on 
 escort duty with General Grant from March 24, 1864, to April 9, 1865, 
 and participated in all the general engagements about Richmond, in 
 front of Petersburg, and in the closing campaign which terminated 
 with the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia on 
 the 9th of April, 1865.] 
 
 122. Skirmish at Ragged Point, Va., April 13, 1864. — First Lieutenant Frank W. 
 
 Dickerson (D, and detachment of A). 
 
 123. Battle of Todd's Tavern, Va., May 7-8, 1864.— Captain Abraham K. Ar- 
 
 nold (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M. Companies A and D 
 at Point Lookout, Md.) Killed, Captain Joseph P. Ash while endeav- 
 oring to rally a regiment of infantry. Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; mortally 
 wounded, 1 ; severely wounded, 1. 
 
 124. Actions at Beaver Dam Station, Va., May 9-10, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. 
 
 Arnold (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). Captured, Lieu- 
 tenants Robert Sweatman and Robert P. Wilson ; killed, enlisted men, 2 ; 
 severely wounded, 2 ; wounded, 5 ; missing and captured, 59. 
 
 125. Action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May II, 1S64. — Captain Abraham K. Arnold 
 
 (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). Killed, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 126. Action at Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. Ar- 
 
 nold (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). Missing, enlisted 
 men, 5. 
 
 127. Skirmish near Mechanicsville, Va., May 12, 1864. — Captain Abraham K. 
 
 Arnold (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). 
 I2S. Battle of Cold Harbor, Va., May 31, 1864. — Captain Abraham K.Arnold 
 
 (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). 
 129. Battle of Trevillian Station, Va., June n-12, 1S64. — Captain Abraham K. 
 
 Arnold (regimental headquarters, C, E, G, H, I, M). Killed. Lieu- 
 
656 APPENDIX. 
 
 tenant Joseph P. Henley ; mortally wounded, enlisted men, 2 ; severely 
 wounded, 2 ; wounded, 4 ; missing, 2. 
 
 130. Battle of Deep Bottom, Va., July 28, 1864. — First Lieutenant Thomas E. 
 
 Maley (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, ;E, G, H, I, M). Severely 
 wounded, Lieutenant Thomas E. Maley ; wounded, Lieutenant Gustavus 
 Urban. Killed, enlisted men, 3 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 9. 
 
 131. Action near Winchester and White Post, Va., August 13, 1864. — First Lieu- 
 
 tenant Jeremiah C. Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, 
 I, M). 
 
 132. Guerrilla affair near Charlestown, Va., August 15, 1864. — First Lieutenant 
 
 Philip Dwyer (detachment Fifth Cavalry). Captured, Lieutenant Philip 
 Dwyer ; mortally wounded, 1 ; missing, 2. 
 
 133. Skirmish near Shepherdstown, Va., August 17, 1864.— First Lieutenant Jere- 
 
 miah C. Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 134. Raid on Petersburg and Weldon Railway, Va., August 1S-21, 1S64. — Cap- 
 
 tain Julius W. Mason (B, F, K). 
 
 135. Skirmish near Front Royal, Va., August 25, 1864.— First Lieutenant Jeremiah 
 
 C. Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 136. Skirmishes near Kearneysville and Shepherdstown, Va., August 25-26, 1864. 
 
 — First Lieutenant Jeremiah C. Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, 
 
 D, E, G, H, I, M). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 137. Affair at White Post, Va., August 27, 1864. — First Lieutenant Jeremiah C. 
 
 Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 138. Action at Smithfield, Va., August 29, 1864. — First Lieutenant Jeremiah C. 
 
 Denney (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). Killed, en- 
 listed men, 3. 
 
 139. Affair at Berryville, Va., September 3, 1864.— First Lieutenant James Has- 
 
 tings (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 140. Affair at Round Hill, Va., September 9, 1864. — Second Lieutenant John 
 
 Trevor (H). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 141. Battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. — First Lieutenant Gustavus 
 
 Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). Killed, 
 Lieutenant Richard Fitzgerald ; mortally wounded, Lieutenant John 
 Trevor ; severely wounded, Lieutenants Edward Murphy (lost a leg) and 
 Kenelm Robbins. Killed, enlisted men, 2 ; wounded, 10 ; missing, 10. 
 
 142. Action near Milford, in Luray Valley, Va., September 22, 1864. — First Lieu- 
 
 tenant Gustavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, 
 I, M). 
 
 143. Skinnish near Front Royal, Va., September 23, 1864. — First Lieutenant 
 
 Gustavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 Missing, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 144. Action near Luray, Va., September 24, 1864. — First Lieutenant Gustavus 
 
 Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 145. Action near Woodstock, Va., October 9, 1864. — First Lieutenant Gustavus 
 
 Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). Severely 
 wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 146. Mason's raid through Surry County, between Blackwater and James River, 
 
 Va., October 16-18, 1864.— Captain Julius W. Mason (B, F, K). Miss- 
 ing, enlisted men, I. 
 
 147. Battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864. — First Lieutenant Gustavus 
 
 Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, E, G, H, I, M, and detachment 
 of D). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
APPENDIX. 657 
 
 14S. Raid into the Loudon Valley, Va., November 28-December 3, [864 
 
 Lieutenant Gustavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, E, G, 11, I, 
 M, and detachment ol 1 >). 
 
 149. Skirmish near Madison Court-House, Va., December iS, [864. — Captain 
 
 Edward 11. Leib (regimental headquarters, A, C, E, G, II. I, M, and de- 
 tachment of D). 
 
 150. Skirmish near Gordonsville, Va., December 19. [864. — Captain Edward 
 
 H. Leib (regimental headquarters, A, C, E, G, II, I. M, and detach- 
 ment of D). 
 
 151. Action near Paris, Va., December 27, 1S64. — Captain Edward H. Leib (regi- 
 
 mental headquarters, A, C, E, G, H, I, M, and detachment ..1 I>. 
 Wounded, enlisted men, 2 ; missing, I 
 
 152. Skirmish near Staunton, Va., .March 2. 1865. — Captain Edward II. Leib 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, (', D, E, G, 11, I, M). 
 
 153. Skirmish at Bent's (reek, Va., March 7, 1865.— Captain Edward II. Leib 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, (', D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 154. Action at South Anna Bridge, near Taylorsyille, Va., March 12, 1-05.— 
 
 Captain Edward II. Leib (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, 
 L M). 
 
 155. Action near Five Forks, Va., March 31, 1865. —Captain Edward II. Led. 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, II, I, Ml. Severely wounded, 
 Captain Edward H. Leib; captured, Lieutenant Jeremiah C. Denney. 
 Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, 4 ; captured, 4. 
 
 156. Engagement near Dinwiddie Court-Hou>e, Va., March 31, [865. — Captain 
 
 Thomas Drummond (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, II, I, M). 
 
 157. Battle of Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1S65.— Captain Thomas Drummond 
 
 (regimental headquarters. A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). Killed, Captain 
 Thomas Drummond ; captured, enlisted men. 5. 
 
 158. Action at Appomattox River, Va., April 2, 1865.— First Lieutenant Gustavus 
 
 Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, 11, I, Ml. Wounded, 
 enlisted men, 4. 
 
 159. Skirmish at Burkesville, Va., April 4, 1S65 — 1 ir-t Lieutenant Gustavus Urban 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, M). 
 
 160. Skirmish at Farmville. Va., April 6, 1S65 —First Lieutenant Gustavus Urban 
 
 (regimental headquarters, A, C, D. E, G, H, i. Ml. 
 
 161. Skirmish at Prince Edward's Court-House, Va., April 7. (865.— First Lieu 
 
 tenant Gustavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, F, (., 11, 
 1, Ml. 
 
 162. Skirmish at Amelia Court-House, Va., April 8, 1865 — First Lieutenant Gus- 
 
 tavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, E, G, H, I, Mi. 
 1C3. The surrender at Appomattox Curt-House, Va., April 9, 1865. — First Lieu- 
 tenant Gustavus Urban (regimental headquarters, A, C, D, F, G, 11. I, 
 M). Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; mortally wounded, 1 ; wounded, 1. 
 
 164. Guerrilla affair at Ilartsville, Tenn., October 17, [866.— First Lieutenant 
 
 George F. Price (B). 
 
 165. Guerrilla affair near Black Jack, Tenn , November [8, 1-01,. -Captain Ed- 
 
 ward II. Leib(M). 
 
 .ON THE PLAINS, 1868-1871. 
 
 166. Prairie Dog Creek, Kan., October 14, [863. Major William B. Royall (L). 
 Killed, enlisted men, I ; wounded, 1. 
 42 
 
658 APPENDIX. 
 
 167. Shuter Creek, Kan., October 25, 1S6S.— Major Eugene A. Carr (A, B, F, H, 
 
 I, L, M). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 16S. North branch of Solomon River, Kan., October 26, 1S6S. — Major Eugene 
 
 A. Carr (A, B, F, H, I, L, M). 
 
 169. Canadian River Expedition, Colorado, Texas, and the Indian Territory, De- 
 
 cember 2, iS68-February 19, 1S69. — Major Eugene A. Carr (A, B, F, H, 
 I, L, M). . 
 
 170. Beaver Creek, Neb., May 13, 1S69. — Major Eugene A. Carr (A, B, F, H, I, 
 
 L, M). Killed, enlisted men, 4 ; wounded, 3. 
 
 171. Spring Creek, Neb., May 16, 1S69. — Major Eugene A. Carr (A, B, F, H, I, 
 
 L, M). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 172. On the Republican River, near Spring Creek, Neb., June 15, 1869. — Major 
 
 William B. Royall (A, B, M). Wounded, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 173. Deer Creek, Kan., June 16, 1869. — First Lieutenant Charles B. Brady (L). 
 
 174. Sand-hills near Frenchman's Fork, Col., July 5, 1S69. — Major William B. 
 
 Royall (A, E, M). 
 175- Dog Creek, Col., July 8, 1869. — Corporal John Kyle (M). 
 176 Rock Creek, Col., July 8, 1869.— Major Eugene A. Carr (A, C, D, E, G, 
 
 H, M). 
 177. Summit Springs, Col., July 11, 1869. — Major Eugene A. Carr (A, C, D, E, 
 
 G, H, M). 
 
 175. Sand-hills south of Julesburg, Col., August 2, 1S69. — Major William B. 
 
 Royall (C, D, F, G, H, I, L). 
 179. The Niobrara pursuit, Colorado and Nebraska, August 3-11, 1869. — Major 
 
 William B. Royall (C, D, F, G, H, I, L). 
 1S0. Prairie Dog Creek, Kan., September 26, 1S69. — Lieutenant Colonel Thomas 
 
 Duncan (B, E, F, L, M). 
 
 181. Walnut Hill, Lee County, Va., December 9, 1S69. — First Lieutenant James 
 
 Burns (K). Wounded, enlisted men, 1 
 
 182. Walnut Hill, Lee County, Va., December 10, 1S69. — First Lieutenant James 
 
 Burns (K). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 183. Red Willow Creek, Neb., June 8, 1S70.— Second Lieutenant Earl D. 
 
 Thomas (I). 
 1S4. Birdwood Creek, Neb., May 24, 1S71. — First Lieutenant Edward M. Hayes, 
 (regimental quartermaster, detachments of G, H, I, L). 
 
 THE APACHE CAMPAIGNS IN ARIZONA, 1S72-1S75. 
 
 185. Juniper Mountain, April 25, 1S72. — Sergeant John V. Whiteford (K). 
 
 186. Black Mountains, May 6, 1S72. — First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer (K). 
 
 1S7. Mexican crossing of the Verde River, May 19, 1872. — Captain Robert P. 
 
 Wilson (A). 
 1 . 1 lead-waters of Ash Creek, May 20, 1872. — First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer 
 
 (K). Wounded, enlisted men, 2. 
 
 189. Gardner's Ranch in the Senoita Valley, July 1, 1S72. — Lance Corporal Oscar 
 
 Von Stedingk (F). 
 
 190. Big Canon ot Bill Williams' Fork, July 5, 1S72. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (K). 
 
 191. Whetstone Mountains, July 13, 1S72 — Second Lieutenant William P. Hall 
 
 (F). Severely wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; wounded, 1. 
 
APPENDIX. 659 
 
 192. Moore's Ranch in the Senoita Valley, July 25, 1S72. — Lance Corporal Oscar 
 
 Von Stedingk (F). 
 
 193. Davidson's Canon, August 27, 1872. — Second Lieutenant Reid T. Stewart 
 
 (F). Killed, Lieutenant Reid T. Stewart and one enlisted man. 
 
 194. Outbreak at Camp Date Creek, September 8, 1S72. — First Lieutenant Wil- 
 
 liam J. Volkmar (E). Severely wounded, enlisted men, I. 
 
 195. Muchos Canons, near the head-waters of the north branch of the Big Sandy, 
 
 September 25, 1872.— Captain Julius W. Mason (B, C, K). 
 
 196. Senoita Valley, near Camp Crittenden, September 30, 1872. — Sergeant 
 
 George Stewart (F). Killed, enlisted men, 4. 
 
 197. Branch of the Santa Maria, October 24, 1872. — Captain Julius W. Mason 
 
 (B, C, K). 
 
 198. Sycamore Creek, October 25, 1S72. — Captain Julius W. Mason (B, C, K). 
 
 199. Hell Canon, Red Rock Country, November 20, 1S72. — Captain Emil Adam 
 
 (C). 
 
 200. Red Rock Canon, November 25, 1872. — Captain Emil Adam (C). Wound- 
 
 ed, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 201. Red Rock Country, November 26, 1872.— Captain Robert H. Montgomery 
 
 (B). 
 
 202. Oak Creek, December 6, 1872. — Second Lieutenant Frank Michler (K). 
 
 203. West side of the Verde River, south of Camp Verde, December 7, 1872. — 
 
 First Lieutenant Albert E. Woodson (A). 
 
 204. Sycamore Creek, December 8, 1872. — Second Lieutenant Frank Michler 
 
 (K). 
 
 205. Sycamore Creek, December 9, 1872. — Second Lieutenant Frank Michler 1 K 1. 
 
 206. North branch of Baby Canon, December 13, 1S72 — Second Lieutenant 
 
 Charles D. Parkhurst (E). 
 
 207. Forks of Baby Canon, December 13, 1S72. — Captain George F. Price (E). 
 20S. Red Rocks, December 14, 1872. — Second Lieutenant Frank Michler (K). 
 
 209. Indian Run, near the Verde River, December 14, 1S72. — Captain George F. 
 
 Price (E). 
 
 210. North of the Four Peaks, December 22, 1S72. — Captain James Burns (G). 
 
 211. Bed Rock Springs, in Pleasant Valley, December 28, 1S72. — Second Lieu- 
 
 tenant Edward L. Keyes (H). 
 
 212. The Caves in Salt River Canon, December 28, 1S72. — Captain William II. 
 
 Brown (G, L, M). 
 
 213. Turkey Creek, December 28, 1S72. — Corporal James E. Bailey (E). 
 
 214. North of Baby Canon, December 29, 1S72.— Corporal Frank E. Hill (E). 
 
 215. Mouth of Baby Canon, December 30, 1672. — First Sergeant William L. 
 
 Day(E). 
 
 216. Clear Creek, January 2, 1873 — Second Lieutenant Frank Michler (K). Se- 
 
 verely wounded, enlisted men. 1. 
 
 217. Pinto Creek, January 16, 1S73. — Captain William II. Brown (B, C, G, 11. 
 
 L, M). 
 21S. East branch of the Verde River, January 19, [873.— First Sergeant William 
 L. Day (E). 
 
 219. Tonto Creek, January 22, 1S73. — Second Lieutenant I rank Michler ( K I. 
 
 Killed, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 220. Mazatzal Mountains, March 19, 1873.— Second Lieutenant Frank Michlei 
 
 (K). 
 
660 APPENDIX. 
 
 221. Near Turret Mountain, on the Verde River, March 25, 1S73. — First Sergeant 
 
 James M. Hill (A). 
 
 222. Turret Mountain, on the Verde River, March 27, 1S73. — Sergeant Daniel 
 
 Bishop (A l. 
 
 223. Outbreak at the San Carlos Agency, May 27, 1873. — First Lieutenant Jacob 
 
 Almy (M). Rilled, Lieutenant Jacob Almy. 
 
 224. Seven miles north-east of the Forks of Tonto Creek, June 16, 1S73. — First 
 
 Lieutenant John B. Babcock (C). Slightly wounded, Lieutenant John B. 
 Babcock. 
 
 225. Lost River, June 26, 1873. — Second Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler (detach- 
 
 ment Fifth Cavalry). 
 
 226. Castle Dome Mountains, July 2, 1873. — Captain James Burns (G). 
 
 227. Santa Teresa Mountains, July 3, 1873. — Second Lieutenant Charles H. 
 
 Watts (F, M). 
 22S. Thirty miles west of Camp Date Creek, July 13, 1S73. — Captain James 
 Burns (G). 
 
 229. Near the San Carlos Agency, August 26, 1S73. — Second Lieutenant Charles 
 
 H. Watts (M). 
 
 230. Black Mesa, September 22, 1S73 — Second Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler 
 
 (K). 
 
 231. Sierra Ancha Range, September 29, 1S73. — Captain William II. Brown 
 
 (F, L). 
 
 232. Mazatzal Mountains, October 28, 1873. — Captain William II. Brown (1", L). 
 
 233. North-east of Sunflower Valley, in the Mazatzal Mountains, October 29, 
 
 1873.— Captain William H. Brown (F, L). 
 
 234. Sycamore Springs, in the Mazatzal Mountains, October 30, 1S73. — Captain 
 
 William H. Brown (F, L). 
 
 235. Eighteen miles below Ehrenberg, near the Colorado River, November 25, 
 
 1S73. — Captain James Burns iG). 
 
 236. East branch of the Verde River, December 4, 1S73. — Second Lieutenant 
 
 WalterS. Schuyler (K). 
 
 237. Nonh side of the Sierra Ancha, December 15, 1S73. — Sergeant Edward 
 
 Higgin- (( '1. 
 
 238. East branch of the Verde River, December t8, 1 s 73. — Sergeant Edward 
 
 Higgins (C). 
 
 239. Near Ilaidscrabble Creek, December 21, 1873. — Sergeant Edward Hig- 
 
 gins (C). 
 
 240. Cave Creek, December 23, 1873. — Second Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler (K). 
 
 241. Sunflower Valley, near Four Peaks, December 31, 1873. — First Lieutenant 
 
 John B. Babcock (B). 
 
 242. Wild Rye Creek, January 4, 1S74. — First Lieutenant John B. Babcock (B). 
 
 243. Near the head of Cherry Creek, north-east of Pleasant Valley, January 8, 
 
 [874. — First Lieutenant John B. Babcock (B). 
 
 244. Green Valley, January 9, 1S74. — Sergeant Edward Higgins (C). 
 
 245. Canon Creek, January 10, 1S74. — Second Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler (K). 
 
 246. Santa Teresa Mountains, February 20, 1874. — First Lieutenant Alfred B. 
 
 Bache(F, H, L, M). 
 
 247. Santa Teresa Mountains, February 21, 1S74. — Captain John M. Hamilton 
 
 (F, II, L, M). 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 661 
 
 24s. Near Camp Pinal, March 8. [874. -('..plain John M. Hamilton (B, F, II. I, 
 L, M). Wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 249. Superstition Mountains, March 25, [874.— Second Lieutenant Walter S. 
 
 Schuyler ( K). 
 
 250. Superstition Mountains, March 26, [874.— Second Lieutenant Walter S. 
 
 Schuyler i K). 
 
 251. Apache Creek, April 2, 1874.— Firs) Lieutenant Alfred B. Bache (F, L, M ). 
 
 252. Pinal Mountains, April 3, 1874— Captain J (,,,n M - Hamilton (B, H, 1 1. 
 
 253. Pinal Mountains, April 5, 1874.— Captain John M. Hamilton (B, 11, 1 >• 
 
 254. Music Mountains, in the Diamond River country, April 6, [874.— First 
 
 Lieutenant Ear] 1 >. Thomas (('.). 
 
 255. Mears' Wells, Cerbat Mountains, April 8, 1874.— First Lieutenant Earl D. 
 
 Thomas (('.). 
 
 • 256. Santa Teresa Mountains, April II, 1874.— Captain John M. Hamilton 
 
 (B, II, I). 
 
 257. Santa Teresa Mountains, April 12, 1874.— Captain John M. Hamilton 
 
 (B, II, I). 
 
 25S. Santa Teresa Mountains, April 14, 1874.— Captain John M. Hamilton 
 
 (B, H, I). 
 
 259. Arivapa Mountains, near the Gila River, April 28, 1874.— Second Lieuten- 
 
 ant Walter S. Schuyler (K). 
 
 260. North of the San Carlos Agency, April 28, 1874.— Captain John M. Hamil- 
 
 ton (B, H, I). 
 
 261. On south side of Salt River, south-east of the canon, April 30, 1874.— Cap- 
 
 tain John M. Hamilton (B, H, I). 
 
 262. Near Tonto Creek, May 9, 1874.— First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer I A, K). 
 
 263. Mazatzal Mountains, on west side of the Lour Peaks, May 17, (874. Sec- 
 
 ond Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler (E, K). 
 
 264. In the Four Peaks, Mazatzal Mountains, May iS, 1S74.— Second Lieutenant 
 
 Walter S. Schuyler (E, K). 
 
 265. Summit of Stauffer's Butte, north-west of Diamond Butte, May 25, 1^74 
 
 First Lieutenant Charles King (K). 
 
 266. Sierra Ancha, six miles east of Tonto Creek, May 27, 1874.— Sergeant Ber- 
 
 nard Taylor (A). 
 
 267. Black Mesa, near east branch of the Verde River, June 3, 1874.— First 
 
 Lieutenant Charles King (K). 
 26S. Sierra Ancha, June 5, 1S74. — Sergeant Lewis Comley (I). 
 
 269. Santa Teresa Mountains, June 6, 1874.— First Lieutenant Edward W. Ward 
 
 (H, L, M). 
 
 270. Near the North Peak of the Mazatzal Mountains, August 1, 1-74.— Second 
 
 Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler (K). 
 
 271. On the Mesa, near new road from Camp Verde to Camp Apache, August 20, 
 
 1874.— Sergeant Henry P. Butler (B). 
 
 272. On the Mesa, near new road from Camp Verde to Camp Apache, August 21, 
 
 1874. — Sergeant Henry P. Butler (B). 
 
 273. Head-waters of Cave Creek, September 17, 1S74.— Sergeant Alexander Gar- 
 
 ner ( K I. 
 274 (anon of ( hevlon's hoik of Little Colorado River, October 23, 1874. — First 
 
 Lieutenant Bernard Reillv, Jr. (I). 
 275. Cave Creek, October 29, 1874. — First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer | K |. 
 
662 APPENDIX. 
 
 276. Sunset Pass, eighteen miles from Little Colorado River, November 1, 1874. — 
 
 First Lieutenant Charles King (A, K). Severely wounded, Lieutenant 
 Charles King. 
 
 277. Lake Creek Canon, November 24, 1874.— Captain Robert H. Montgomery 
 
 (B). 
 
 278. Snow Lake, near Jarvis Pass, November 2S, 1S74 — Second Lieutenant George 
 
 O. Eaton (A, K) 
 
 279. Snow Lake, near Jarvis Pass, November 29, 1S74. — Second Lieutenant George 
 
 O. Eaton (A, K). 
 2S0. Canon Creek, in Tonto Basin, December 1, 1S74. — Captain Robert H. 
 
 Montgomery (B). 
 281. Sierra Ancha, twenty-five miles north-east of Fort Reno, January 29, 1S75. — 
 
 First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer (K). 
 
 ON THE PLAINS, 1875-1883. 
 
 282. Canon Creek, a tributary of the Smoky Hill River, forty miles south of 
 Buffalo Station, Kan., October 27, 1875. — Captain John M. Hamilton 
 (H). Wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; missing, 2. 
 
 253. On a tributary of the Cimarron River, one hundred and twenty-five miles 
 
 east of Camp Supply, Indian Ter., January 22, 1876. — Second Lieuten- 
 ant Hoel S. Bishop (G). 
 
 254. Near the south branch of Cheyenne River, Wyo., July 3, 1876. — Major 
 
 Julius W. Mason, Third Cavalry (then serving as a captain in the regi- 
 ment) (I, K). 
 
 285. War Bonnet (Indian Creek), Wyo., July 17, 1S76. — Colonel Wesley Mer- 
 ritt (regimental headquarters, A, B, D, G, I, K, M). 
 
 236. Slim Buttes, Dak., September 9, 1S76. — Lieutenant-Colonel Eugene A. Carr 
 (regimental headquarters, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, I, K, M). Mortally 
 wounded, enlisted men, 1 ; severely wounded, 2 ; wounded, 2. 
 
 2S7. Slim Buttes, Dak., September 10, 1S76.— Major John J. Upham (A, B, G, 
 I, M). Severely wounded, enlisted men, 1. 
 
 288. Chadron Creek, Neb., October 23, 1876. — Major George A. Gordon (H, L). 
 
 289. Bates Creek (north branch of Powder River), Wyo., November 25, 1S76. — 
 
 Major George A. Gordon (H, L). Killed, enlisted men, 1 ; mortally 
 wounded, 1 ; severely wounded, 1 ; wounded, 1. 
 
 290. Ross Fork Agency, Idaho, January 16, 1S78. — Major Veiling K. Hart 
 
 (B, F, I). 
 
 291. Buffalo Fork of Snake River, twenty miles south of Yellowstone Lake, Wyo , 
 
 September 16, 1878 — Second Lieutenant Hoel S. Bishop (G). 
 
 292. Action and siege of Milk Creek, Col., September 29-October 5, 1S79. — 
 
 Captain J. Scott Payne (D, F). Twice wounded, Captain J. Scott Payne 
 and Lieutenant James V. S. Paddock ; killed, enlisted men, S ; 
 wounded, 15. 
 
 293. Raising the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col., October 5, 1879. — Colonel 
 
 Wesley Merritt (regimental headquarters, A, B, I, M). 
 
 294. Rifle Creek, twenty miles south of the White River Agency. Col., Oc- 
 
 tober 20, 1S79. — First Lieutenant William P. Hall, regimental quarter- 
 master (detachment Fifth Cavalry). Killed. Lieutenant William B. Weir. 
 Ordnance Department, and Paul F. A. Humme, formerly a sergeant- 
 major of the Fifth Cavalry. 
 
APPENDIX. 608 
 
 No. 10 
 
 ROLL OF HONOR OF ENLISTED MEN OF THE FIFTH 
 CAVALRY. 
 
 TEXAS, 1S55-1860. 
 
 1. Head-waters of the Nueces February 22, 1856. — "Severely wounded," Ser- 
 
 geant Samuel Reis and Private John Kuhn (C). 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, 
 Headquarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 2. Guadalupe River, March 8, 1S56. — " Distinguished for gallant conduct," First 
 
 Sergeant Henry Gordon, Sergeant Thomas E. Maley, and Corporal John 
 E. Weige (I). 
 
 "The command was complimented upon its brilliant success, and re- 
 ceived the thanks of the department commander." (G. O. Department of 
 Texas, series 1856.) 
 
 3. Head-waters of the Concho, May 1, 1856. — "Distinguished for gallant con- 
 
 duct," Sergeant Alex. McK. Craig, Privates James Montgomery, John M. 
 Plample, and William C. Smith (C). 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 4. Head-Waters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers, July I, 1856. 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 5. 6, 7. Junction of the Rio Grande and Pecos River, August 30, 1856. 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 9. Head-waters of the Main Concho, November 26, 1856. — " Severely wounded," 
 Private John Curtis (G). 
 
 10. Rio Grande, December 21, 1856. 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 n. Head-waters of the Main Concho, December 22, 1S56 — "Killed," Bugler 
 Ryan Campion and Private Timothy Lamb (F). " Wounded," Sergeant 
 
 Thomas Gardner and Private John McKim (F). 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1S57.) 
 
664 APPENDIX. 
 
 13. Kickapoo Creek, February 13, 1857. — " Killed," Private John Martin (D). 
 
 "Wounded," Bugler James Taffold (D). "Honorable mention," First 
 ■ Sergeant Walter McDonald (D). (G. O. No. 4, Headquarters of the 
 Army, March 30, 1857). 
 
 14. Head-waters of the north branch of the Nueces, April 4, 1S57. 
 
 There were thirteen men of Company B in this affair, which was so gal- 
 lantly fought that all the men are entitled to honorable mention ; but, un- 
 fortunately, the records do not furnish their names. 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation ." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 17. Head-waters of the Rio Frio, June 30, 1857. — "Honorable mention," Cor- 
 
 poral John Boyden (B). 
 
 18. South branch of the Llano River, July 2, 1857. — " Honorable mention," Ser- 
 
 geant William P. Leverett (B). 
 
 19. Head waters of Devil's River, July 20, 1857. — " Killed," Privates Thomas 
 
 Ryan and William Barry (G). " Wounded," Privates John Davit, Wil 
 liam W. Williams, John J. Kane, and Thomas E. Tirrell (G). 
 
 The following-named men of Company G are entitled to "honorable 
 mention " in addition to those reported killed and wounded : Sergeant 
 Joseph P. Henley, Corporal Henry Jones, Farrier Charles Wessenger, 
 Privates David M. Bodfish, William Conroy, Benjamin Dudley, Michael 
 Dougherty, Timothy Griffin, Richard Hopkins, John Kendall, William S. 
 B. McManus, Patrick McCasker, Joseph B. Perkins, Herman Rost, William 
 Roughan, Francis Sommers, Thomas Swan, and Benjamin H. Wancoop 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1S57 ) 
 
 20. Wichita Mountains, August 10, 1857. 
 
 " The men conducted themselves so gallantly that it is impossible to 
 make a special mention of any one of the number." (Official report of 
 Captain Whiting, August 30, 1857.) 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 22. Santa Catarina, September 28, 1857. — " Honorable mention," Sergeant Charles 
 
 M. Patrick and Private John McCarty (I). 
 
 " Highly commended for persistent pursuit, gallant conduct, and suc- 
 cessful encounter." (Official report of Captain Brackett.) 
 
 " The gallant conduct of the troops under circumstances of great hard- 
 ship and privation is entitled to high approbation." (G. O No. 14, Head- 
 quarters of the Army, November 13, 1857.) 
 
 23. Verde River, October 30, 1857. 
 
 " The conduct of the troops is deserving of high praise for gallantry." 
 (G. O. No. 22, Headquarters of the Army, November 10, 1858). 
 
 24. Seventy miles north-east of the Nueces, November 8, 1857. — " Wounded," 
 
 Private Louis Gehrung (C), Privates Charles Morris and Patrick Connell 
 (K). 
 
 " The conduct of the troops is deserving of high praise for gallantry." 
 (G. O. No. 22, Headquarters of the Army, November 10, 1858.) 
 
APPENDIX. 665 
 
 2d. South branch of the Llano River, January 2S, 1858. — " Wounded," Private 
 Thomas Hughes, Louis Stroacher, and John Tanny (D). 
 
 "Honorable mention": "This is the second time that the conduct of 
 First Sergeant Walter McDonald, while on scouting duty, lias elicited the 
 
 mention of his name in orders. His energy 'and daring are eminently 
 worthy the emulation of every soldier in the department." (G. O. No. 
 5, Headquarters Department of Texas, February 13, [858.) 
 
 "The conduct of the troops is deserving of high praise for gallantry." 
 (G. O. No. 22, Headquarters of the Army, November 10, 185S.) 
 
 27. Wichita Village, October I, 1858. — " Killed," Privates Peter Magan, Henry 
 Howard, and Jacob Echard (II). " .Mortally wounded," Sergeant [ames 
 E. Garrison (F). "Wounded," Corporal Joseph P. Taylor (A) ; Privates 
 Cyrus C. Emery, Ambrose J. McNamara, and William Franck (F) ; 
 Sergeant Curwen B. McLellan, Corporal Bishop Gordon, Bugler Michael 
 Axbogast, and Private Carroll C. Alexander (II) ; Private Smith Hinck- 
 ley ( K I. 
 
 " ( onspicuous mention ": " First Sergeant John W. Spangler (II), for his 
 cool courage, daring intrepidity, and gallant bearing throughout the whole 
 engagement, together with his skill and fortune in having killed six of the 
 enemy in personal combat, deserves, and has received, the admiration of 
 1 he officers of his company and the commanding officer." (Orders No. 26, 
 Headquarters Department of Texas, November 6, 1858.) 
 
 "Honorable mention " : "I am equally indebted in the same manner to 
 all the soldiers of my command, who, under all the circumstances of the 
 forced march and of the battle, proved themselves to be soldiers worthy of 
 the name. Their gallantry, personal bravery, and intrepidity are the 
 admiration of their officers, but they feel themselves unable to discrimi- 
 nate where all are brave." (Official report of Captain Van Dorn, October 
 5, 1S58.) 
 
 " The men did their duty in the most gallant manner. It rarely hap- 
 pens that a command so efficient is assembled." (Official report of Briga- 
 dier-General Twiggs, October 18, 1858.) 
 
 " A victory more decisive and complete than any recorded in the history 
 of our Indian warfare. The general commanding the department hoped 
 much from this command, and he is most happy to say that the brilliancy 
 of its success has been such as to exceed his most sanguine expectations. 
 The non-commissioned officers and privates of Companies A, F, H, and 
 K engaged in the conflict are alike deserving the highest meed of com- 
 mendation that can be bestowed upon them." (Orders No. 25, Headquar- 
 ters Department of Texas, October 19, 1S58.) 
 
 " A most decisive and important victory. The non-commissioned offi- 
 cers and privates of Companies A, F, II, and K are entitled to great com- 
 mendation for their gallantry." (G. O. No. 22, Headquarters of the 
 Army, November 10, 1858.) 
 
 28. Presidio de San Vicente, May 2, 1859. — "Good conduct," First Sergeant 
 
 Henry Gordon, Privates John McEnerny and Joseph Neil! (1). 
 
 " Gallant acts and soldier-like endurance of hardships highly creditable 
 to the troops." (G. O. No. 5, Headquarters of the Army, November 
 10, 1859.) 
 
 29. Small Creek, a tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, C. N., May 
 
 13. 1859. — " Killed," Private Willis Burrows (G). '* Mortally wounded, 
 Sergeant William P. Leverett (B). " Wounded," Sergeant Thomas El- 
 liott, Privates William Moore, Patrick Kenevane, and Eugene Camus ( A 1; 
 
 43 
 
666 APPENDIX. 
 
 Sergeant Peter Alba, Privates Isaac Chrisman, Benjamin Jones, and Wil- 
 liam Hartley (B) ; First Sergeant John W. Spangler, Corporal George 
 Nicholls, and Private Samuel Rorison (H). 
 
 " A too high meed of praise for gallantry and unflinching courage cannot 
 be awarded to the men who have achieved this success over so desperate a 
 foe. It required the coolest and most undaunted individual bravery to ad- 
 vance upon the danger that presented itself in this fearful ravine. The 
 troops of this command moved, as it were, into darkness ; and, with a 
 courage that challenged admiration, felt for the danger they were called 
 upon to encounter." (Official report of Captain Van Dorn, May 31, 1859.) 
 
 "A decisive victory. Conspicuous gallantry highly creditable to the 
 troops." (G O. No. 13, Headquarters Department of Texas, 1859.) 
 
 " The fight was sharp and bloody, and took place on foot in a thick 
 jungle. The combat was highly creditable to the troops." (G. O. No. 5, 
 Headquarters of the Army, November 10, 1859.) 
 
 30. The Ebonal, near Brownsville (Cortinas' raid), December 14, 1859. 
 
 " All the men behaved well." (Official report of Major S. P. Heintzel- 
 man.) 
 
 31. North branch of the Guadalupe River, December 14, 1S59. 
 
 "Honorable mention": "Corporal Patrick Collins (I) conducted the 
 scout with discretion and eneigy. Privates Matthew Kennedy and Henry 
 Weiss (I) are specially mentioned. The men all behaved in the best 
 manner." (G. O. No. II, Headquarters of the Army, November 23, 
 i860.) 
 
 32. Rio Grande City, near Ringgold Barracks (Cortinas' raid), December 27, 1859. 
 
 " The enemy were driven from every position taken for ten miles, 
 when they dispersed. Captain Stoneman dismounted his company (E) and 
 drove a party across the Rio Grande. About sixty of the enemy were 
 killed." (Official report of Major S. P. Heintzelman.) 
 
 " This was a brilliant affair and reflects high credit upon the soldiers." 
 (G. O. No. II, Headquarters of the Army, November 23, i860.) 
 
 33. Pecan Bayou, January 16, i860. 
 
 " Specially noticed for good conduct " : Bugler Edward M. Hayes, Pri- 
 vates Benjamin Jones, Robert W. Turner, and William McLean (B). 
 "Commended for soldierly behavior," Corporal John M. Smith and Pri- 
 vate Francis M. Alexander (B). (G. O. No. II, Headquarters of the 
 Army, November 23, i860.) 
 
 34. Head-waters of Kickapoo Creek, January 26, i860. 
 
 " Conduct greatly commended," First Sergeant Robert N. Chapman (A). 
 (G. O. No. 11, Headquarters of the Army, November 23, 1S60.) 
 
 35. Aqua Frio, January 29, i860. — " Wounded," Privates Joseph Blythe and Mi- 
 
 chael Flinn (C). 
 
 " The commanding officer of Camp Lawson gives great credit to Ser 
 geant Alex. McK. Craig and his whole party (C) for energy in the pursuit 
 and bravery in the combat." (G. O. No. 11, Headquarters of the Army, 
 November 23, 1S60.) 
 
 Camp Chacon, near Laredo, March 26, 1S60. — "Chilled to death" because 
 of exposure, in the line of their duty, to the intensely cold weather pre- 
 vailing at that time, Privates Thomas Gaskin and Richard Keegan (I). 
 
APrENDIX. r ' ( »7 
 
 38. Salt branch of the Brazos River, August 26, i860.—" Wounded," Chief Bu- 
 
 gler August Hausser ; Privates John Zito and Casper Siddel, of the band ; 
 Privates Hugh Clark and William Murphy (D). (Murphy died from the 
 effects of his wound, November 23, 1S60 ) 
 
 39. Sabano Creek, August 27, i860 — " Killed," Private James Cunningham (B). 
 
 " Honorable mention," Private McLaughlin 1 P.). 
 
 "Honorable mention": " Cofporal John Rutter (B) deserves commen- 
 dation for persevering in the pursuit during the heavy rain-storm, and 
 when even the Indians were awaiting, in camp, a change of weather." 
 (G. O. No. II, Headquarters of the Army, November 23, i860.) 
 
 40. Pease River, December 19, i860. — " Honorable mention," First Sergeant 
 
 John W. Spangler (H). He closed the record of the engagements for the 
 year with a brilliant success. 
 
 THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, 1861-1S65. 
 
 War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, 
 Washington, D. C, June 2, 1865. 
 
 (General Orders No. 108.) 
 Soldiers of the Armies of the United States : 
 
 By your patriotic devotion to your country in the hour of danger and 
 alarm, your magnificent fighting, bravery, and endurance, you have main- 
 tained the supremacy of the Union and the Constitution, overthrown all 
 armed opposition to the enforcement of the laws and of the proclamation 
 forever abolishing slavery — the cause and pretext of the rebellion — and 
 opened the way to the rightful authorities to restore order and inaugurate 
 peace on a permanent and enduring basis on every foot of American soil. 
 
 Your marches, sieges, and battles, in distance, duration, resolution, and 
 brilliancy of result, dim the lustre of the world's past military achieve- 
 ments, and will be the patriot's precedent in defence of liberty and right 
 in all time to come. 
 
 In obedience to your country's call you left your homes and families 
 and volunteered in its defense. Victory has crowned your valor and se- 
 cured the purpose of your patriot hearts; and, with the gratitude of your 
 countrymen and the highest honor a great and free nation can accord, you 
 will soon be permitted to return to your homes and families, conscious of 
 having discharged the highest duty of American citizens. 
 
 To achieve these glorious triumphs, and secure to yourselves, your fel- 
 low-countrymen, and posterity the blessings of free institutions, ten-, of 
 thousands of your gallant comrades have fallen and sealed the priceless 
 legacy with their lives. The graves of these a grateful nation bedews 
 with tears, honors their memories, and will ever cherish and support their 
 stricken families. U. S GR \m. 
 
 Lieutenant-General. 
 
 4" Skirmish at Fairfax Court-House, Va., Line 1, 186] — " Wounded," Corporals 
 
 William Max and Turner, Privates Thomas J Sinclair. Baggs, 
 
 and Lynch (B). 
 
 43. Action at Falling Waters, Va., July 2, 1SI.1. — " Killed," one enlisted man, 
 name unknown. 
 
668 APPENDIX. 
 
 46. Skirmish near Blackburn's Ford, Va. , July 18, 1S61. — " Wounded," Sergeant 
 
 Rowan (G) ; Private Cook, and one other, name unknown (I). 
 
 47. Battle of Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. — " Wounded," Privates James Brierly 
 
 and Charles P. Thurston (B) ; Privates James Dowd and William McGee 
 (E) ; two privates, names unknown (G) ; three privates, names unknown (I). 
 
 48. Skirmish at Flint Hill (near Vienna), Va., October 20, 1861. — "Wounded," 
 
 Private Byron A. Barton (K). 
 
 49. Skirmish at Cedar Run, Va., March 14, 1862. — " Mortally wounded," Private 
 
 Charles Schwabe (B). " Wounded," Private John W. Bryant (A) ; two 
 privates, names and company not recorded. 
 
 54. Battle of Hanover Court-House, Va., May 27, 1862. — '•' Killed," Privates Leo 
 Hentze and James Lason (I). 
 
 57. Action at Old Church, Va., June 13, 1S62. — " Killed," Privates John Curran 
 and William Max (B) ; Private Francis Croel (C) ; Private Richard D. 
 Mosher (II). 
 
 59. Skirmish near Polgreen's Church, Va., while engaged in blockading the cross- 
 
 roads, June 26, 1862. — " Mortally wounded," Private Samuel Ginerat (E). 
 
 60. Battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. — "Killed," Private Christopher 
 
 Buerman (band) ; Private Clarence O. Bingen (A) ; Private Michael Can- 
 ton (I). " Mortally wounded," Privates Edward Dolan and Albert Saun- 
 ders (D). " Wounded," Farrier Thomas Conroy, Privates Edward Connor, 
 Jacob Gimber, Frederick Kline, and David Haas (A) ; Sergeant William 
 Brophy, Bugler Joseph Fought, Privates Michael Considine, Emmit Hill, 
 Jacob Price, Leonard W. Berner, and James Connelly (D) ; Privates Wil- 
 liam A. Perse and John Drum (F) ; Corporal George A. Hess, Privates 
 John T. Coffey, James D. Cavins, Thomas Crawley, Bernhardt Miller, 
 William Gregory, John Fitzpatrick, Michael Hallahan, and Thomas Mc- 
 Dermott (H) ; Privates Edward C McGowan and Neill Leomont (I). 
 
 64. Skirmish near Sycamore Church, Va., August 3, 1862. — " Wounded," Privates 
 Michael Dillon and Joseph R. Laming (I). 
 
 70. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17, 1S62. — " Mortally wounded," 
 Private John Domiers (D) ; Sergeant Thomas Barritt (H). "Wounded," 
 Sergeant Robert L. Jones (E). 
 
 77. Skirmish at Upperville, Va., November 3, 1S62. — "Wounded," Private Thomas 
 
 Manley (A) ; Private Shaub (E) ; Private East (G) 
 
 78. Action at Markham's Station, Va , November 4, 1862. — " Mortally wounded," 
 
 Private Gustavus Lyndall (H). " Wounded," Privates Casey and 
 
 Canfield (C) ; First Sergeant William Brophy, Privates Cleary, 
 
 Graham, and Jennings (D) ; Private McGougan (F). 
 
 50. Skirmish at Snicker's Gap, Va., November 5, 1S62. — "Wounded," Private 
 
 James McGowan (I). 
 
 82 Skirmish at Little Washington, Va., Novembers, 1862 — " Mortally wounded," 
 Corporal Stephen Ilogan and Private John Dolan (D). " Severely 
 
 wounded," Corporal Andrew Moore, Privates Connell, Louis Cu- 
 
 pavant, Myers, and two others, names unknown (E). " Honorable 
 
 mention," Saddler Jacob Feathers (F) saved the life of Lieutenant Ash 
 by gallantly dashing forward and killing the Confederate officer who was 
 about to kill Ash, who was then severely wounded. 
 
 83. Action at Amissville, Va., November 10, 1862. — " Wounded," Private 
 
 Crotty (< '). 
 
APPENDIX. 669 
 
 87. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862. 
 
 Executive Mansion, WASHINGTON, D. C, 
 
 December 22, 1862. 
 To the Army of the Potomac : 
 
 I have just read your commanding general's preliminary report of the 
 battle of Fredericksburg. Although you were not successful, the attempt 
 was not an error, nor the failure other than an accident. The courage 
 with which you, in an open field, maintained the contest against an en- 
 trenched foe, and the consummate skill and success with which you crossed 
 and recrossed the river in the face of the enemy, show that you possess all 
 the qualities of a great army, which will yet give victory to the cause of 
 the country and of popular government. ... I tender to you, officers 
 and soldiers, the thanks of the nation. 
 
 Abraham Lincoln. 
 
 91. Action at Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, Va., March 17, 1863.— 
 "Killed," Private George Segeree (G) ; Private William Larrison (II). 
 "Wounded," Corporals William Gregory and Alfred Newton (H) ; Cor- 
 poral Michael Dillon (I). The squadrons (C, E, G, H, I, K) were compli- 
 mented on the field by General Averill for their conspicuous gallantry in 
 making charges against the enemy. 
 
 98. Engagement at Fleming's Cross-Roads, Va., May 4, 1863.— " Severely 
 
 wounded," Private George W. Burch (seven sabre-cuts) (A) ; Saddler 
 
 Self and Private Troup (I) ; one enlisted man, name and company 
 
 not recorded. 
 
 99. Battle of Beverly Ford, Va., June 9, 1S63.—" Killed," Privates Alexander 
 
 Raynor and Richard Burke (B) ; Private Daniel Cummins (C) ; Private 
 George Hazzell (F). " Mortally wounded," Private Ira K. Bailey (1); 
 Sergeant Henry Grotham and Private Charles Olens (K). "Wounded," 
 Sergeant John J. Kane and Bugler Julius Goldring (A) ; Sergeant Jacob 
 Buck and Private Richard Hanlon (C) ; Private Michael Dougherty (G) ; 
 Privates Anthony Speigel and John Roach (K) ; Sergeant Henry Hednck 
 (M), and seven other enlisted men, names and companies not recorded. 
 
 102. Action at Snicker's Gap, near Upperville, Va., June 21, 1S63.—" Killed." 
 
 Private Thomas Miller (I). 
 
 103. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1S63.— " Killed," Corporal David Court- 
 
 ney (-F). " Wounded," Farrier Martin Sheahan (G). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : "I desire also to mention two of my buglers, 
 Peter M. Boehm (B) and Joseph Fought (D)." (Brigadier-General George 
 A. Custer, commanding Second Brigade.) 
 
 " The duty assigned to the cavalry was most successfully accomplished, 
 the enemy being greatly harassed, his trains destroyed, and many cap- 
 tures in guns and prisoners made." (Official report of Major -General 
 Meade, October 1, 1803.) 
 
 " The thanks of Congress" "for the skill and heroic valor which at 
 Gettysburg repulsed, defeated, and drove back, broken and dispirited, be- 
 yond the ^ Rappahannock, the veteran army of the rebellion.'' Joint 
 resolution, January 2S, 1S64.) 
 
 104. Action at Williamsport, Md., July 6, 1863.—" Killed," Private James Dough- 
 
 erty (B) ; First Sergeant Henry Kinzler (K). 
 
 105. Actions at Boonsboro, Md., July 8-9, 1863.— " Wounded," Private James 
 
 Sherwood (C). 
 
670 APPENDIX. 
 
 106. Action near Funkstown, Md., July io, 1863. — " Killed," Corporal James H. 
 Oliver (K). " Mortally wounded," Private Preston O. Morse (M). " Se- 
 verely wounded," Sergeant Crawford (C) ; Sergeant Theophilus 
 
 Rodman (K). "Captured," Private Charles B. Wooster (H), who died 
 in Andersonville Prison, Ga., May 23, 1S64. 
 
 10S. Engagements at Manassas Gap, Va., July 21-23, 1S63.— " Killed," Corporal 
 George T. Crawford (C) ; Private William Taldy (F) ; Privates Dion 
 Erne and Vinton T. Swallow 1 K). Mortally wounded," Private James C. 
 Hyslop (M). "Wounded," Privates Frederick Barthel and Daniel M. 
 Bryant (C) ; Bugler John Uhlman (G). 
 
 no. Action near Brandy Station, Va., August 1, 1S63. — "Wounded," Corporal 
 John Augustein (E). 
 
 111. Battle of Brandy Station, Va., August 3, 1863—" Killed," Private William 
 Johns (C). " Mortally wounded," Private George Burhees (H) ; Private 
 "William hazier (M). " Severely wounded," Corporal John Ryan and 
 Private Austin Miles (K). " Wounded," Private Henry Seafferman (K). 
 
 114. Combat at Bristoe Station, Va., October 14, 1S63. — " Conspicuous mention," 
 Private George W. Payne (E) volunteered to, and did, accompany Lieu- 
 tenant Ash within the enemy's lines for the purpose of ascertaining their 
 strength and position, and safely returned, under fire, with the desired 
 information. 
 
 118. Action near Barnett's Ford, on the Rapidan, Va., February 7, 1864. — 
 
 " Wounded," First Sergeant Wm. Thos. Orr (E). 
 
 119. Action at Charlottesville, Va., February 29,1864. — " Mortally wounded," 
 
 Private Richard Hatch (B). " Severely wounded," First Sergeant Wm. 
 Thos. Orr(E). 
 
 120. Action at Stanardsville, Va., March 1, 1S64.—" Mortally wounded," Cor- 
 
 poral Lewis D. Robarge (I). "Wounded," First Sergeant William H. 
 Churchill (K). 
 123. Battle of Todd's Tavern, Va., May 7-6, U64.—" Killed," Private Charles 
 W. Sanders (Ml. "Mortally wounded," Private Johannes Shlotterer 
 (G). "Severely wounded," Private Lewis Cassaran (E). 
 
 [24. Action at Beaver Dam Station, Va., May 10, 1864. — '' Killed," Sergeant An- 
 drew Moore and Private Benjamin D. Bailey (E). " Severely wounded," 
 Privates William Davis and James Riley ( M ). " Wounded," Sergeants 
 Daniel McDonald and John J. Donnelly, Corporals Vincent McKenna, 
 James H. Anable, and William J.Carrington (H). " Captured," Private 
 
 Charles Hartdegan (E), who died in Andersonville Prison, Ga., 
 
 (official report of death received September 4, 1S65). 
 
 125. Action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1S64.— " Killed," Corporal Aquilla 
 Hart (I). 
 
 129. Battle of Trevillian Station, Va., Tune 11-12, 1S64. — "Mortally wounded," 
 
 Corporals ( lmrk-s E. Asber and' Patrick Kenney (G). " Severely wound- 
 ed," Privates Barber I larrison and Jame> Campbell (E). "Wounded," 
 Private Barney Ryan (G) ; Private James It. Rea ill); Private Lester 
 P. Trask ill ; 'Private William Everett 1 M 1. 
 
 130. Battle of Deep Bottom, Va., July 28, 1864.— " Killed," Private David Rob- 
 
 efts (A) ; Private Walter R. Covington (D) ; Private Jacob Schneider (G). 
 " Mortally wounded," First Sergeant John Doherty (A). "Wounded," 
 
 Private John Fitzgerald (E) ; Private' Schneider, 2d (G) ; Private 
 
 John Callagnan (H) ; Sergeant Eugene Jewitt (M), and five other enlisted 
 men, names and companies not recorded. 
 
APPENDIX. 071 
 
 132. Guerrilla affair near Charlestown, Va., August 15, 1864. — " Mortally 
 wounded," Private Peter Gillispie (E). 
 
 [36. Skirmishes near Kearneysville and Shepherdstown, Va., August 25-2' ,1864 
 
 — "Wounded," Private John Rogers (H). 
 
 138. Action at Smithfield, Va., August 29, 1864 — "Killed," Bugler Edward 
 Fieldham, Privates Byron A. Durfey and Thomas Hutchins(M). 
 
 140. Affair at Round Hill. Va., September 9, 1864. — " Wounded," Private James 
 
 D. Gavins (H). 
 
 141. Battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1S64. — " Killed," Corporal Mi< h u I 
 
 Howard (E) ; Private John Bigmore (G). "Wounded," Privates Timo- 
 thy Camp and Thomas Mulroney (H); Private Henry Hambree (I); 
 Corporal Franklin Avery and Private James Beatty (M), and five other 
 enlisted men, names and companies not recorded. 
 
 145. Action near Woodstock, Va., October 9, 1864.— " Severely wounded," one 
 enlisted man (H), name unknown. 
 
 147. Pattle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864. — " Wounded," one enlisted 
 man (G), name unknown. 
 
 " The thanks of Congress" "for gallantry, military skill, and 
 courage displayed in the brilliant series of victories achieved by them in 
 the Valley of the Shenandoah, and especially for Wieir services at Cedar 
 Run, October 19, 1S64, which retrieved the fortunes of the 'lay and thus 
 averted a great disaster." (Joint resolution, February <;, [865.) 
 
 151. Action near Paris, Va., December 27, 1864. — "Wounded," Privates James 
 Kelly and Joseph Kappell (E). 
 
 155. Action near Five Forks, Va., March 31, 1S65. — " Killed," Private Patrick 
 
 Gallagher (G). "Wounded," Sergeant Harris (C) ; Privates Alfred 
 
 Lovejoyand James P. Moore (M) ; one enlisted man (I), name unknown. 
 
 157. Battle of Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865. 
 
 " Conspicuous mention " : " The courage displayed by the cavalrymen 
 was superb. . . . They merit the thanks of the country and reward of 
 the government." (Official report of Major-General Sheridan, May if>, 
 1S65.) 
 
 158. Action at Appomattox River, Va., April 2. 1S65— " Wounded," Sergeant 
 
 Charles Richards and Private James H. McClellan (G) ; Privates 
 
 Horn and Joseph S. Bushon (M). 
 163. The surrender at Appomattox Court-House, Va., April 9, 1865.—" Rilled," 
 Private William H. King (G). '•Mortally wounded," Private Adam 
 Kuhl (M). "Wounded," Private Jesse Burkett ( M ). 
 
 Enlisted men, not heretofore named, who are known to have died as prison- 
 ers of war: Private Hugh Clark (D), date and place not recorded ; Private 
 George Ritzier (II), at Andersonville. Ga., July 23, 1 S04 ; Private John 
 Wood (II), at Florence, Ga., October 14, 1864. 
 
 164. Guerrilla affair at Hartsville, Tenn , October 17, 1866. 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " Firsl Sergeanl Peter R.iman (B) acted with 
 great promptness, and I am indebted to him for the recovery of the 
 horses." (Official report of Lieutenant Price, October 20, 1S66.) 
 
672 APPENDIX. 
 
 ON THE PLAINS, 1868-1871. 
 
 166. Prairie Dog Creek, Kan., October 14, 1868.— " Killed," Private Bernhardt 
 Cusick (L). " Wounded," Jacob H. Weaver (L). 
 
 167 Shuter Creek, Kan., October 25, 1S68.— " Wounded," Private William Fred- 
 erick (Mi. 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " The colonel commanding the regiment has 
 noticed with great satisfaction the surpassing promptness with which . . . 
 Companies A, B, F, H, I, L, and M moved from widely separated posts 
 in the Southern States, concentrated at a distant post in the West, and 
 immediately took the field under Brevet Colonel William B. Royall, Ma- 
 jor Fifth Cavalry, in pursuit of the hostile savages. 
 
 "No less gratifying and honorable to the regiment is the telegraphic 
 
 dispatch from Major-General Sheridan . . . announcing that Brevet Ma- 
 
 jor-General Eugene A. Carr, Major Fifth Cavalry, with this detachment, 
 
 . had overtaken the most formidable band of these hostile Indians on 
 
 the 25th of October, on Shuter Creek, and handsomely routed them. 
 
 " The facts, alike honorable to the officers and men of the Fifth Cav- 
 alry, show that the regiment has lost nothing of its well-earned reputation 
 for dash, bravery, and discipline." (Regimental Order No. 92, Head-, 
 quarters Fifth Cavalry, November 2, 1868.) 
 
 170. Beaver Creek, Neb., May 13, 1869. — " Killed," Private John Meyer (A); 
 
 Sergeant John Ford, Privates Charles Alcorn and John A. C. Stone (B). 
 " Wounded," Privates Michael Young and Gilbert Roche (H) ; one en- 
 listed man (I), name unknown. 
 
 171. Spring Creek, Neb., May 16, 1869. — " Wounded," Private George Ressel 
 
 (M). 
 
 172. On the Republican River, near Spring Creek, Neb., June 15, 1869.— 
 
 "Wounded," Private Albertus C. Bean (H) ; Private Charles E. El- 
 wood (M). 
 175. Dog Creek, Neb., July 8, 1S69. — " Special mention " for " bravery and gal- 
 lant conduct,'' Corporal John Kyle (M). (Official report of Major Carr, 
 July—, 1869) 
 
 177. Summit Springs, Col., July 11, 1869. 
 
 " Conspicuous mention " : " The thanks of the people of Nebraska are 
 hereby tendered to . . . the soldiers of the Fifth United States Cavalry 
 for the heroic courage and perseverance in their campaign against hostile 
 Indians on the frontier of this State in July, iS6g, driving the enemy from 
 our borders and achieving a victory at Summit Springs, Col., by which the 
 people of this State were freed from the ravages of merciless savages." 
 (Joint resolution of the Legislature of Nebraska, February 23, 1870.) 
 
 " The general commanding tenders his thanks to the command for its 
 patient endurance of the privations and hardships inseparable from an 
 Indian campaign, and for the vigor and persistency of their operations, 
 so deserving the success achieved." (Brigadier-General Augur in G. O. 
 No. 48, Headquarters Department of the Platte, August 3, 1869.) 
 
 " The congratulations of Lieutenant-General Sherman, Major-General 
 Sheridan, and the colonel of the regiment were extended to the men for 
 their gallantry and success." 
 
 " The men are commended for cheerful readiness and good conduct." 
 (Official report of Major Carr, July — , 1869.) 
 
APPENDIX. 673 
 
 180. Prairie Dog Creek, Kan., September 26, 1869. 
 
 " Honorable mention," Private Clay Beauford (B). (Official report of 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Duncan, October 7, 1869.) 
 
 181. Walnut Hill, Lee County, Va., December 9, 1869. — " Severely wounded," 
 
 Private John Boyle (K). 
 
 182. Walnut Hill, Lee County, Va., December 10, 1869. — "Wounded," Private 
 
 John McDonald (K). 
 
 183. Red Willow Creek, Neb., June 8, 1870. 
 
 "Commended for conspicuous gallantry in the fight," Sergeant John 
 Malloy and Private Blatchly Wright (I). (G. O. No. 27, Headquarters 
 Department of the Platte, July I, 1870.) 
 
 THE APACHE CAMPAIGNS IN ARIZONA, 1872-1875. 
 
 " The operations of the troops in this department in the late campaigns against 
 the Apaches entitle them to a reputation second to none in the annals of Indian 
 warfare. In the face of obstacles heretofore considered insurmountable, encoun- 
 tering rigorous cold in the mountains, followed in quick succession by the intense 
 heat and arid waste of the desert, not infrequently at dire extremities for want of 
 water to quench their prolonged thirst ; and when their animals were stricken 
 by pestilence, or the country became too rough to be traversed by them, they 
 left them, and, carrying on their own backs such meagre supplies as they might, 
 they persistently followed on, and, plunging unexpectedly into chosen positions in 
 lava-beds, caves, and canons, they have outwitted and beaten the wiliest of foes 
 with slight loss, comparatively, to themselves, and finally closed an Indian war 
 that has been waged since the days of Cortez." (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters 
 Department of Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 " To Brevet Major-General George Crook and to his gallant troops, for the ex- 
 traordinary service they have rendeied in the late campaign against the Apache 
 Indians, the division commander (Major-General Schofield) extends his thanks 
 and congratulations upon their brilliant success. They have merited the gratitude 
 of the nation. There is now occasion for hope that the well-deserved chastisement 
 inflicted upon the Apaches may give peace to the people of Arizona." (G. O. No. 
 7, Headquarters Military Division of the Pacific, April 28, 1873.) 
 
 " The result of the good conduct of the troops, particularly the Fifth Cavalry, 
 in their engagements with Indians in Arizona were really of national conse- 
 quence." (Lieutenant-Colonel John C. Kelton, Assistant Adjutant-General, Mili- 
 tary Division of the Pacific, March 15, 1876.) 
 
 " I consider the services of the Fifth Cavalry in Arizona as unequaled by that 
 of any cavalry regiment during the late civil war." (General W. T. Sherman.) 
 
 185. Juniper Mountain, April 25, 1872. — "Honorable mention," Sergeant John 
 
 V. Whiteford (K). 
 
 186. Black Mountains, May 6, 1872. 
 
 "Conspicuous mention": "The department commander considers 
 
 First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer's conduct deserving of the highest praise 
 
 and worthy of the brilliant reputation of the company and regiment 
 
 to which he belongs. First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer and the members 
 
 44 
 
674 APPENDIX. 
 
 of Company K, Fifth Cavalry, are hereby complimented and thanked 
 for their services." (G. O. No. 21, Headquarters Department of Arizona, 
 May 30, 1872.) 
 
 188. Head-waters of Ash Creek, May 20, 1872. — " Wounded," Privates Charles 
 H. Waitz and Charles F. Coe (K). 
 
 " Conspicuous mention " : "The department commander considers 
 First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer's conduct deserving of the highest praise 
 and worthy of the brilliant reputation of the company and the regiment 
 to which he belongs. First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer and the members 
 of Company K, Fifth Cavalry, are hereby complimented and thanked for 
 their services." (G. O. No. 21, Headquarters Department of Arizona, 
 May 30, 1S72.) 
 
 191. Whetstone Mountains, July 13, 1872. — " Severely wounded," Private W T illiam 
 Porter (F). " Wounded," First Sergeant Denis Leonard (F). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " The men under my command behaved ad- 
 mirably, and the conduct of First Sergeant Denis Leonard, Privates Mi- 
 chael Glynn and William Porter (F), was worthy of high praise." (Offi- 
 cial report of Lieutenant Hall, July 15, 1872.) 
 
 193. Davidson's Canon, August 27, 1872. — " Killed," Corporal Joseph P. G. 
 
 Black (F). " Honorable mention," Sergeant James Brown (F). 
 
 194. Outbreak at Camp Date Creek, September 8, 1872. — " Severely wounded," 
 
 Private Frank E. Hill (E). 
 
 "Commended for gallant conduct," Private Frank E. Hill (E). (Offi- 
 cial report of Captain Price, March 27, 1873.) 
 
 195. Muchos Canons, near the head-waters of the north branch of the Big Sandy. 
 
 September 25, 1872. 
 
 "Honorable mention": "The men (B, C, K) behaved splendidly." 
 (Official report of Captain Mason, September 25, 1S72.) 
 
 "It is with great pleasure the announcement is made of the complete 
 success of the expedition under the command of Captain Julius W. Ma- 
 son, Fifth Cavalry. This brilliant success was owing in a great measure 
 to the energy displayed by the command in climbing, on foot, over almost 
 impassable canons. . . . The men of the command are hereby compli- 
 mented and thanked for their brilliant success." (G. O. No. 32, Head- 
 quarters Department of Arizona, September 27, 1872.) 
 
 196. Senoita Valley, near Camp Crittenden, September 30, 1872. — " Killed," 
 
 Sergeant George Stewart, Privates Andrew Carr, William Nation, and 
 John Walsh (F). 
 
 200. Red Rock Canon, November 25, 1872. — "Wounded," Sergeant Michael 
 
 Madigan (C). 
 
 201. Red Rock Country, November 26, 1872. 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " The services of First Sergeant Clay Beau- 
 ford (B) were very valuable to me in scouting, trailing, and finding the 
 few Indians killed and captured." (Official report of Captain Montgom- 
 ery, December 2, 1872.) 
 
 202. Oak Creek, December 6, 1S72. 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " The men of the command (K) used every 
 exertion in endeavoring to add to the success of the expedition." (Official 
 report of Lieutenant Rice, Twenty-third Infantry, December 18, 1872.) 
 
 203. West side of the Verde River, south of Camp Verde, December 7, 1872. 
 
 " Honorable mention " : " The men (A) exhibited great willingness and 
 energy," (Official report of Lieutenant Woodson, December 18, 1872.) 
 
APPENDIX. 675 
 
 204. Sycamore Creek, December 8, 1872. 
 
 205. Sycamore Creek, December g, 1872. 
 208. Red Rock, December 14, 1872. 
 
 " Honorable mention" : " The men of the command (K) used every 
 exertion in endeavoring to add to the success of the expedition." (Offi- 
 cial report of Lieutenant Rice, Twenty-third Infantry, December 18, 
 1872.) 
 
 212. The Caves in Salt River Canon, December 28, 1872. 
 
 " Conspicuous mention " : " For conspicuous gallantry in leading a de- 
 tachment of ten men of his company (G) in a charge into one of the 
 caves," Corporal Thomas Hanlon (G). (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters De- 
 partment of Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 213. Turkey Creek, December 28, 1872. 
 
 " Honorable mention" : " For eagerness in pursuit and successful re- 
 sults," Corporal James E. Bailey (E). (Official report of Captain Price, 
 March 27, 1873.) 
 
 214. North of Baby Canon, December 29, 1872. — " Honorable mention," Cor- 
 
 poral Frank E. Hill (E). 
 
 215. North of Baby Canon, December 30, 1872. 
 
 "Honorable mention" "for judgment and decision," First Sergeant 
 "William L. Day (E). (Official report of Captain Price, March 27, 1873.) 
 
 216. Clear Creek, January 2, 1873. — "Severely wounded," Private John Baker 
 
 (K). 
 
 "Honorable mention" "for conspicuous gallantry in the action," 
 Privates James Lenihan, John Baker, and Albert Bross (K). (G. O. No. 
 14, Headquarters Department of Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 217. Pinto Creek, January 16, 1873. 
 
 "Special mention": "Companies G and M deserve special men- 
 tion for the endurance with which they maintained the rapid gait which 
 brought them into the action in time to prevent the escape of any In- 
 dians." (Official report of Captain Brown, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 " Companies G and M are specially commended for their conduct in 
 this engagement." (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters Department of Arizona. 
 April 9, 1S73.) e 
 
 218. East branch of the Verde River, January 19, 1873. 
 
 "Honorable mention" "for great determination, even after the In- 
 dians had signaled his presence, in following a trail to the bottom of one 
 of the deepest canons of the east branch of the Verde River and winning 
 success," First Sergeant William L. Day (E). (Official report of Captain 
 Price, March 27, 1873.) 
 
 219. Tonto Creek, January 22, 1873. — " Killed," Private George Hooker (K). 
 
 " Honorable mention" : " Private George Hooker was foremost of the 
 party that came up on one side of the Rancheria. I regret his loss 
 exceedingly, as he was an excellent soldier, brave and trustworthy. I 
 cannot speak too highly of the conduct of the men, especially in the fight. 
 Their behavior throughout is deserving of the highest commendation." 
 (Official report of Lieutenant Michlcr, February 7, 1873.) 
 
 " For conspicuous gallantry in the action," Privates George Hooker 
 and Albert Bross (K). (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters Department of 
 Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
676 APPENDIX. 
 
 221. Near Turret Mountain, on the Verde River, March 25, 1873. 
 
 "Conspicuous for gallantry," First Sergeant James M. Hill and 
 Sergeant Daniel Bishop (A). (Muster-roll, Company A, April 30, 1873.) 
 
 Recommended by Captain George M. Randall, Twenty- third Infantry, 
 March 31, 1873, for a " medal of honor" " for gallantry in the action," 
 First Sergeant James M. Hill (A). 
 
 "For gallantry and good conduct during the engagement," First 
 Sergeant James M. Hill, Sergeant Daniel Bishop, and Private William 
 Stanley (A). (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters Department of Arizona, 
 April 9, 1873.) 
 
 222. Turret Mountain, on the Verde River, March 27, 1873. 
 
 "Conspicuous for gallantry," Sergeant Daniel Bishop (A). (Muster- 
 roll, Company A, April 30, 1873.) 
 
 Recommended by Captain George M. Randall, Twenty-third Infantry, 
 March 31, 1873, for a " medal of honor " "for gallantry in the action," 
 Private William Stanley >( A). 
 
 " For gallantry and good conduct during the engagement," Sergeant 
 Daniel Bishop and Private William Stanley (A). (G. O. No. 14, Head- 
 quarters Department of Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 224. Seven miles north-east of the Forks of Tonto Creek, June 16, 1873. 
 
 "Conspicuous mention for Company C": " Brilliant action resulting 
 in the surrender of the two bands of Tonto Apaches under Natatotel and 
 Naqui Naquis." (G. O. No. 24, Headquarters Department of Arizona, 
 July 15, 1873.) 
 226. Castle Dome Mountains, July 2, 1873. 
 228. Thirty miles west of Camp Date Creek, July 13, T873. 
 
 " Thanked for their efficient services," First Sergeant Thomas Hanlon 
 and Sergeant Patrick Martin (G). (G. O. No. 24, Headquarters De- 
 partment of Arizona, July 15, 1873.) 
 234. Sycamore Springs, in the Mazatzal Mountains, October 30, 1873. 
 
 "Commended for good conduct," Sergeant James Brown, Privates 
 Thomas Barrett and Joseph Bradley (F). (Muster-roll, Company F, 
 December 31, 1873.) 
 
 241. Sunflower Valley, near Four Peaks, December 31, 1873. 
 
 242. Wild Rye Creek, January 4, 1874. 
 
 243. Near the head of Cherry Creek, north-east of Pleasant Valley, January 8, 
 
 1874- 
 
 " I commend Company B to favorable consideration for cheerful readi- 
 ness." (Official report of Lieutenant Babcock, January 16, 1874.) 
 
 245 Canon Creek, January 10, 1874.—" Honorable mention," Sergeant Edmund 
 Schreiber (K). 
 
 248. Near Camp Pinal, March 8, 1874.— "Wounded," Private Peter M. Blanch- 
 ard (M). 
 
 251. Apache Creek, April 2, 1874. 
 
 "Special mention" "for marked gallantly during the action," Ser- 
 geant Joseph Bradley (F), Sergeant Charles Huntington (M). 
 
 "Honorable mention," Sergeant James Brown (F), Sergeant George 
 Deary (L). 
 
APPENDIX. t 077 
 
 "The command (F, L, M) behaved admirably. The men were 
 marched over a terrible country, and in many places our Indian scouts 
 were obliged to pull the men over the rocks by sheer force. Where all 
 displayed so much eagerness it is impossible to distinguish any by name." 
 (Official report of Lieutenant Bache, April 2, 1874.) 
 
 262. Near Tonto Creek, May 9, 1874. — " Honorable mention," First Sergeant 
 
 Rudolph Stauffer (K). 
 
 265. Summit of Stauffer's Butte, north-west of Diamond Butte, May 25, 1874. 
 
 " Special mention " : " Led the charge and was the first man on the 
 summit," First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer (K). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : Corporal Leonard Winserand Private Thom- 
 as McCormick (K). (Official report of Lieutenant King, June 6, 1874.) 
 
 266. Sierra Ancha, six miles east of Tonto Creek, May 27, 1874. 
 
 " I have to express my entire satisfaction with the conduct of the men 
 (A)." (Official report of commanding officer, Camp Verde, June 9, 1874.) 
 
 267. Black Mesa, near east branch of the Verde River, June 3, 1874. 
 
 "Honorable mention," First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer, Corporal 
 Leonard Winser, and Private Thomas McCormick (K). (Official report 
 of Lieutenant King, June 6, 1874.) 
 
 268. Sierra Ancha, June 5, 1874.—" Honorable mention," Sergeant Lewis Corn- 
 
 ley (I). 
 
 271. On the Mesa, near new road from Camp Verde to Camp Apache, August 20, 
 
 1874.—" Honorable mention," Sergeant Henry P. Butler, Privates 
 Joseph S. Clanton, James Fox, John McDonald, and Christopher 
 Shepherd (B). 
 
 272. On the Mesa, near new road from Camp Verde to Camp Apache, August 21, 
 
 1874.— "Honorable mention," Sergeant Henry P. Butler, Privates 
 Joseph S. Clanton, James Fox, John McDonald, and Christopher Shep- 
 herd (B). 
 276. Sunset Pass, eighteen miles from Little Colorado River, November 1, l 8 74-— 
 "Conspicuous mention" "for superb courage in remaining with Lieu- 
 tenant King (who was severely wounded), refusing to save himself when 
 ordered to do so, and holding the Apaches in check until reinforcements 
 arrived, thus saving the life of Lieutenant King," Sergeant Bernard 
 Taylor (A). . 
 
 "Special mention," Private Frank Biffar (A), Corporal Bryan Smith 
 (K). 
 
 ON THE PLAINS, 1875-1883. 
 
 282. Canon Creek, a tributary of the Smoky Hill River, forty miles south of 
 
 Buffalo Station, Kan., October 27, 1875.—" Wounded, Private W illiam 
 Evans (H). 
 
 283. On a tributary of the Cimarron River, one hundred and twenty-five miles 
 
 east of Camp Supply, I. T., January 22, 1876. 
 
678 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Honorable mention" : " The commanding general expresses his high 
 appreciation of the promptness, energy, and efficiency shown by the com- 
 mand (G) in the discharge of the duty assigned to it." (Letter of assistant 
 adjutant-general, Department of the Missouri, February 6, 1876.) 
 
 286. Slim Buttes, Dak., September 9, 1876. — "Mortally wounded," Private Ed- 
 
 ward Kennedy (C). "Severely wounded," Private George Cloutier (D), 
 Sergeant Edmund Schreiber (K). " Wounded," Trumpeter Michael H. 
 Donnelly and Private Daniel Ford (F). 
 
 "Special mention": "The following-named men are mentioned as 
 carrying on their persons honorable marks of distinction in the severe 
 wounds they have received at the hands of the enemy " : Private George 
 Cloutier (D), Trumpeter Michael H. Donnelly and Private Daniel 
 Ford (F), Sergeant Edmund Schreiber (K). (G. O. No. 8, Headquarters 
 B. H. and Y. Expedition, October 24, 1876.) 
 
 287. Slim Buttes, Dak., September 10, 1876. — "Severely wounded," Private 
 
 William Madden (M). 
 
 "Special mention": "The following-named men are mentioned as 
 carrying on their persons honorable marks of distinction in the severe 
 wounds they have received at the hands of the enemy " : Private William 
 Madden (M). (G. O. No. 8, Headquarters B. H. and Y. Expedition, 
 October 24, 1876.) 
 
 289. Bates Creek (north branch of Powder River), Wyo., November 25, 1876. — 
 "Killed," Private Joseph Minges (H). "Mortally wounded," Private 
 Alex. McFarlan (L). " Severely wounded," Private Charles H. Folsom 
 (H). " Wounded," Private George H. Stickney (H). 
 
 " I cannot commend too highly this brilliant achievement and the gal- 
 lantry of the troops (H, L)." (Official report of Brigadier-General Crook, 
 November 28, 1876.) 
 
 " The brigadier-general commanding announces the close of the Pow- 
 der River expedition, and thanks the men composing it for the courage, 
 endurance, and zeal exhibited by them during its progress. . . . The dis- 
 integration of many of the hostile bands of savages against whom you have 
 been operating attests the success of the brilliant fight made by the cavalry 
 with the Cheyennes on the north branch of Powder River. The uniform 
 good conduct of the command has rendered it difficult to distinguish one 
 above another." (G. O. No. 10, Headquarters Powder River Expedition, 
 January 8, 1877.) 
 
 292. Action and siege of Milk Creek, Col., September 29-October 5, 1879. — 
 " Killed," Privates Michael Lynch, Thomas Mooney, and Charles Wright 
 (D) ; First Sergeant John Dolan, Wagoner Amos D. Miller, Privates John 
 Burns, Michael Firestone, and Samuel McKee (F). "Wounded," Pri- 
 vates Frederick Bernhardt, Nicholas W. Heeney, Thomas Lynch, and 
 Ernest Muller (D) ; Sergeant John Merrill, Trumpeters Frederick Sut- 
 cliffe and John McDonald. Privates William Esser, James T. Gibbs, John 
 Hoaxey, Emil Kussman, Eugene Patterson, Frank E. Simmons, Eugene 
 Schickedong, and Gottlieb Steiger (F). 
 
 "Special mention for conspicuous gallantry," First Sergeant Jacob 
 Widmer, Sergeants William Craig and John S. Lawton ; Corporal 
 Edward F. Murphy, Saddler French Sharpe, Privates Joseph Booth, 
 Jesse B. Hart, William J. Marshall, and Lot Whitbeck (D) ; Sergeants 
 Edward P. Grimes and John A. Poppe, Corporals Hampton M. Roach 
 and George Moquin, Trumpeters Frederick Sutcliffe and John McDon- 
 ald, Privates Clarence E. Carpenter, Kendrick B. Combs, Charles J. 
 Clark, Samuel P. Eakle, James T. Gibbs, Henry Fulk, Samuel Klingen- 
 
APPENDIX. 679 
 
 smith, Eugene Patterson, and Eugene Schickedong (F); congratulating 
 the men upon their safe deliverance from great peril, and expressing his 
 thanks for their gallant conduct in the fierce battle with an overwhelming 
 force of Indians on the 29th ultimo and the subsequent days." (G. O. of 
 Captain Payne, October 5, 1879.) 
 
 " The department commander tenders his warmest thanks to the men 
 for the energy, gallantry, and good conduct they have displayed in the 
 recent outbreak of the White River Utes. Each one is entitled to special 
 thanks for exceptional courage, endurance, and prompt action in the per- 
 formance of duty. The conduct of the men in their prolonged defense is 
 beyond praise, and the department commander feels confident that the 
 records of the army afford no brighter instance of gallant and zealous ser- 
 vice than has been performed by each soldier engaged in this affair." 
 (G. O. No. 24, Headquarters Department of the Platte, October 18, 1879.) 
 
 "Resolved, That the thanks of the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Wyo- 
 ming Territory are due and are hereby tendered to . . . the men for 
 their bravery, heroic conduct, and efficient service during the engage- 
 ment with the Ute Indians on Milk Creek, September 29, 1879, and 
 subsequent siege." (Joint resolution of the Legislature of Wyoming, 
 1879.) 
 
 " Praise is justly awarded to the troops engaged for promptness, skill, 
 and courage displayed." (Annual Message of the President of the United 
 States, December, 1879.) 
 
 " I cannot omit mention of the gallant defense made by the survivors." 
 (Annual report of Brigadier-General Crook, commanding Department of 
 the Platte, September 30, 1880.) 
 
 293. Raising the siege and action of Milk Creek, Col., October 5, 1879. 
 
 "Honorable mention": "The department commander tenders his 
 warmest thanks to Colonel Wesley Merritt . . . and the men under his 
 command for the energy, gallantry, and good conduct they have displayed 
 in the recent outbreak of the White River Utes. Where all have done so 
 well it is impossible for him to select, for individual mention, the name of 
 any one soldier, but each one is entitled to special thanks for the excep- 
 tional courage, endurance, and prompt action in the performance of duty, 
 while the prompt concentration and rapid march of Colonel Merritt's 
 command to the relief of Captains Dodge and Payne are beyond praise. 
 The department commander feels confident that the records of the army 
 afford no brighter instance of gallant and zealous service than has been 
 performed bv each soldier engaged in this affair." (G. O. No. 24, Head- 
 quarters Department of the Platte, October 18, 1879.) 
 
 " Praise is justly awarded to the troops engaged for promptness, skill, 
 and courage displayed." (Annual Message of the President of the United 
 States, December, 1879.) 
 
 "I cannot omit mention of the remarkably rapid march of Colonel 
 Wesley Merritt and his command in hastening to their rescue — a march 
 almost without example for rapidity of movement and excellent manage- 
 ment, and for which all who participated are entitled to the highest 
 commendation. . . . 
 
 "The alacrity and enthusiasm with which the troops of this depart- 
 ment met the severe demands upon them during the past fall and winter 
 are entitled to mv grateful recognition, and should be a source of pride to 
 the whole army." (Annual report of Brigadier-General George Crook, 
 commanding Department of the Platte, September 30, 1880.) 
 
 294. Rifle Creek, Col., October 20, 1879. 
 
 "Honorable mention," Private John Sullivan (H). 
 
680 A PPENDIX. 
 
 Killed at the camp of Company A, Fifth Cavalry, head-waters of Ash Creek, on 
 the night of July 8, 1872, while on post as a sentinel, and during the excite- 
 ment occasioned by a false alarm, Private Austin Gavin (A). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : Commended by Captain John M. Hamilton, Fifth Cav- 
 alry, for "general good conduct and marked efficiency during field opera- 
 tions in Arizona while under his immediate command, January 6, 1873- 
 April 9, 1873," First Sergeant George W. Churchill, Sergeants Daniel Mc- 
 Grath, James Harris, Patrick Conlan, and George A. Doon, Corporals 
 Thomas Sloan, John Kelly, and Joseph Cosgrove (H). 
 
 " For gallantry in operations and combats against hostile Apaches, December, 
 1872-March, 1873," Sergeant Gustave Von Meden (A), First Sergeant James 
 H. Turpin (L). (Official report of Captain Brown, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 " For good conduct during the different campaigns and engagements, December, 
 1872-March, 1873," First Sergeant James M. Hill, Sergeants Daniel Bishop 
 and Gustave Von Meden, and Private William Stanley (A), First Sergeant 
 Clay Beauford (B), First Sergeant William L. Day, Corporals James E. 
 Bailey and Frank E. Hill (E), Corporal Thomas Hanlon (G), Privates James 
 Lenihan, Albert W. Bross, John Baker, and George Hooker (K), First 
 Sergeant James H. Turpin (L). (G. O. No. 14, Headquarters Department 
 of Arizona, April 9, 1873.) 
 
 Drowned, February 16, 1874, while attempting, in the line of his duty, to cross 
 the Gila River near the Gila Canon, Corporal Howard Prosser (L). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : Commended by Captain John M. Hamilton, Fifth Cav- 
 alry, "for general good conduct and conspicuous for efficiency during field 
 operations in Arizona while under his immediate command, February 4, 
 1874-June 3, 1874," Sergeant John R. McConnell (B), Sergeant Charles E. 
 Burkhart (H). 
 
 "Killed, September 14, 1876, near the Belle Fourche, Dak., by hostile Sioux, 
 when a few hundred yards in advance of the command," Private Cyrus B. 
 Milner (A). 
 
 " Honorable mention " : The brigadier-general commanding invites the attention 
 of the command " to the good conduct and soldierly bearing of the troops be- 
 longing to this department who have been recently stationed, temporarily, 
 in Chicago (C, G, M), as well as of those temporarily on duty in Omaha (E, 
 K), and to say that their orderly behavior and strict attention to duty are 
 worthy of his fullest admiration." (G. O. No. 20, Headquarters Department 
 of the Platte, August 23, 1877.) 
 
 "Conspicuous mention": Official recognition of the brave and meritorious be- 
 havior of Private Frederick Bowers (I), who, at the imminent risk of his 
 own life, endeavored to save that of a drowning comrade by plunging into the 
 river, near Fort Laramie, Wyo., on the 7th of May, 1877. (G. O. No. 3, 
 Headquarters Fifth Cavalry, May 16, 1877.) 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 (581 
 
 MEDALS OF HONOR. 
 
 NAME AND COMPANY. 
 
 DATB 01 
 ISSUE. 
 
 FOtf what ACTIONS AWARDBD. 
 
 Corporal John Kyle (M) 
 
 Aug. 
 
 17, 
 
 '69. 
 
 Dog Creek, Neb., July 8, '6,. 
 
 Near Camp Hualpai, A. T., May 6 anc 
 
 
 
 First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer (K). 
 
 July 
 
 3°. 
 
 '72. 
 
 2' >l 
 
 • 7 a. 
 
 Sergeant James Brown (F) 
 
 Dec. 
 
 . 
 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 '74- 
 
 Davidson Canon, A. T., August 27, ' 
 Whetstone Mts., A. T., July 13, '72. 
 Whetstone Mts., A. T., July 13, '72. 
 
 n- 
 
 
 Private M ichael Glynn (F) 
 
 Dec. 
 
 4, 
 4, 
 
 
 First Sergeant Henry Newman (!•').. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 
 
 Private John Nihill (F) 
 
 Dec. 
 
 4i 
 
 '74- 
 
 Whetstone Mts., A. T., July 13, '72. 
 
 
 
 Sergeant Daniel Bishop (A) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '■} ,- 
 
 Turret Mt., A. T., March 25 and 27, 
 
 73- 
 
 
 First Sergeant Clay Beauford (B). , . . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '7S 
 
 Campaigns against Apaches (winter), 
 
 •72- 
 
 73 
 
 Sergeant James E. Bailey (E) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Campaigns against Apaches (winter), 
 
 '73 
 
 '73. 
 
 First Sergeant Wm. L. Day (E) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12. 
 
 *75- 
 
 Campaigns against Apaches (winter), 
 
 '7a 
 
 '73 
 
 Sergeant George Deary (L) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 '2. 
 
 '75- 
 
 Apache Creek, A. T., April 2, '74. 
 
 
 
 First Sergeant James M. Hill (A).. . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 I2 i 
 
 '75- 
 
 Turret Mt., A. T., March 25 and 37, 
 
 73' 
 
 
 Sergeant Frank E. Hill (E) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 1 ?, 
 
 '7S- 
 
 Date Creek, A. T., September 8, '72- 
 
 
 
 Private George Hooker (K) 
 
 Apr 
 
 12 
 
 '75. 
 
 Tonto Creek, A. T., January 22, '73- 
 Clear Creek, A. T., January 2, '73- 
 Castle Dome and Santa Maria Mts 
 
 
 
 Private James Lenihan (K) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '75. 
 
 
 
 Sergeant Patrick Martin (G) 
 
 Apr. 
 
 I 2 1 
 
 '75- 
 
 , June 
 
 
 
 
 
 July. '73- 
 
 
 
 Private William Stanley (A) 
 
 Apr. 
 Apr. 
 
 
 '75- 
 '75- 
 
 Turret Mt., A. T., March 25 and 27, 
 Sunset Pass, A. T., November 1, '74. 
 
 73- 
 
 
 Sergeant Bernard Taylor ( A ) 
 
 "I 
 
 
 First Sergeant James H. Turpin (L). 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Campaigns against Apaches (winter), 
 
 • 7 2-'73- 
 
 Sergeant Rudolph Von Meden (A)... 
 
 Apr. 
 
 12, 
 
 '75- 
 
 Campaigns against Apaches (winter), 
 
 '72- 
 
 '73- 
 
 Sergeant Edward P. Grimes (F) «... 
 
 Jan. 
 
 27, 
 
 '80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 2q, '79. 
 
 
 
 Sergeant John A. Poppe (F) ' 
 
 Jan. 
 
 27. 
 
 '80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 23, '79. 
 
 
 
 Corporal Hampton M. Roach (F) > . . 
 
 Jan. 
 
 27. 
 
 '80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 29, '79- 
 
 
 
 Corporal George Moquin (F) 1 
 
 Jan. 
 
 27. 
 
 '8o. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 23, "79. 
 
 
 
 Corporal Edward F. Murphy (D).... 
 
 Apr. 
 
 5, 
 
 '80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 29, '79. 
 
 
 
 First Sergeant Jacob Widmer (D) . . . 
 
 Apr. 
 
 10, 
 
 •80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 29, '79. 
 
 
 
 Sergeant John S. Lawton (D) 2 
 
 May 
 
 8, 
 
 '80. 
 
 Milk Creek, Col., September 29, '79. 
 
 
 
 CERTIFICATES OF MERIT. 
 
 " For having distinguished themselves in the service of the United States on 
 September 29, 1879, in the action at Milk Creek, Col." : Privates Clarence E. 
 Carpenter, Charles I . (lark, Kendrick B. Combs, Samuel P. Eakle, Samuel 
 Klingensmith, John McDonald, and Eugene Patterson (F). 
 
 " The colonel of the regiment has great pride in handing the soldiers named 
 these evidences of their bravery and fidelity in battle, awarded by the highest 
 authority in the government. They are heartily congratulated in behalf of the 
 regiment." (G. O. No. 4, Headquarters Fifth Cavalry, February 22, 1880.) 
 
 John Uhlman, who was discharged as chief bugler, made continuous service in 
 the regiment from June 7, 1S61, to March t, 1872. He served during the 
 war with Mexico, and was engaged in the battles of Contreras, Churubusco, 
 and Chapultepec. He was wounded in an Indian combat on the Rio 
 Grande. He participated in thirty-eight battles during the war of the Re- 
 
 • "They are heartily congratulated in the name of the regiment." (G. O. No. 10, Headquar- 
 ters Fifth Cavalry, March 29, 18S0.) 
 
 1 Now major of Bristol Train of Artillery, of Bristol, R. I. 
 
682 APPENDIX. 
 
 bellion, and was wounded at Manassas Gap, Va., July 21, 1863. He had 
 three horses shot under him in different engagements. He was always con- 
 spicuous for gallantry, integrity, attention to duty, and the observance of 
 good order. Altogether he was one of the best soldiers ever in the Fifth 
 Cavalry. He is now engaged in agricultural pursuits in Central Nebraska. 
 
 John Dolan, first sergeant of Company F, killed at Milk Creek, Col , September 
 29, 1879, liad been m almost continuous service for nearly thirty years, and had 
 served more than twenty years as a first sergeant. He served two enlist- 
 ments in the First Dragoons from 1850 to i860, and during his first enlist- 
 ment was on active service against hostile Indians and was distinguished 
 for bravery and good deportment. He participated, during his second en- 
 listment, in many expeditions, and was frequently engaged in combats with 
 the Apaches in Arizona and New Mexico. His third enlistment was with 
 the First (now Fourth) Cavalry, and during the year i860 he participated in 
 an expedition against the Kiowas and Comanches. He served, with his regi- 
 ment, during the early operations of the war of the Rebellion, participating 
 in the battles of Springfield and Shiloh, and the fall of Corinth. He dis- 
 tinguished himself in the battles of Perryville and Stone River ; commanded 
 his company at Stone River, and had a horse killed under him during the 
 pursuit of General Bragg ; also had a horse killed under him and was severely 
 wounded while commanding the advance-guard at the battle of Snow Hill. 
 He served with General Sherman's army in Georgia, and afterwards joined 
 the army under General Thomas and participated in the battle of Nashville, 
 where he had a horse killed under him, was captured and sent to Anderson- 
 ville, where he remained four months, when he was exchanged, and rejoined 
 his regiment in July, 1865. He was in constant service, after the war, in 
 Georgia and Texas until December, 1870, when he was discharged for dis- 
 ability resulting from the breaking out of old wounds ; after his wounds had 
 again healed he enlisted in the Sixth Cavalry in November, 1S71, and had 
 active service in the Indian Territory and Arizona until the expiration of his 
 fifth period of service, when he joined the Fifth Cavalry, in 1876, on his 
 sixth enlistment. He was recommended for a commission in 1S63, but de- 
 clined an examination ; was again recommended in 1S64, but failed to pass 
 the required physical examination because of the wounds received at Snow 
 Hill ; was again recommended in 1878, and when he mat his death in battle 
 a bill was pending in Congress authorizing the President to appoint him a 
 second lieutenant and place him on the retired list. It was favorably reported 
 after the gallant soldier was dead. He was a model first sergeant, and per- 
 fect in the duties of his office. He commanded, under all circumstances, 
 the respect and good-will of his officers. 
 
 Samuel P. Spear, who served as a first sergeant of Company F, Fifth (old 
 Second) Cavalry, was colonel of the Eleventh Pennsylvania Volunteers dur- 
 ing the war of the Rebellion, and was made a brevet brigadier-general of 
 volunteers. 
 
 Saddler-Sergeant Jacob Feathers (now serving as saddler-sergeant of the Third 
 Cavalry) enlisted December 25, 1846. He participated in the battles of 
 Contreras, Molino del Rey, Chapultepec, and the capture of the city of 
 Mexico ; was engaged in more than thirty battles during the war of the 
 Rebellion, and later in frequent combats with hostile Indians. He has been 
 conspicuous for gallantry, integrity, and devotion to duty, and richly de- 
 serves a substantial reward for long and faithful services. 
 
 Charles B. Henry, private Company E, Fifth Cavalry, joined the Arctic Expedi- 
 tion to Lady Franklin Bay in June, 1881, and is now serving with the expe- 
 dition. 
 
APPENDIX. 683 
 
 No. 11. 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY 
 
 Who have been Killed or Wounded in Battle or in the 
 Line of their Duty. 
 
 COLONELS. 
 
 Albert S. Johnston. — Killed, battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862, while 
 commanding the Confederate forces with the rank of general. 
 
 George H. Thomas. — Twice wounded, Indian combat, Salt Branch of the 
 Brazos River, Texas, August 26, i860. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 
 
 1. Robert E. Lee. — Wounded, storming of Chapultepec, Mex., September 13, 
 
 1847. 
 
 2. John Sedgwick. — Wounded, battle of Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862 ; thrice 
 
 severely wounded, battle of Antietam, Md., September 17, 1S62 ; killed 
 by a sharpshooter, while making a personal reconnaissance and directing 
 the placing of some artillery for the battle of Spottsylvania, Va., May 9, 
 1864. 
 
 7. Thomas Duncan. — Severely wounded, action near Albuquerque, N. M., April 
 
 8, 1S62. 
 
 8. John P. Hatch.— Wounded, battle of Manassas, Va., August 30, 1862; se- 
 
 verely wounded, battle of South Mountain, Md., September 14, r862. 
 
 9. Eugene A. Carr. — Severely wounded, Indian combat near Mount Diavolo, 
 
 Texas, October 10, 1854; thrice wounded, battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., 
 March 6-8, 1862 (horse twice hit and sabre once). 
 
 MAJORS. 
 
 1. William J. Hardee.— Wounded, battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862, 
 while commanding a division of the Confederate forces with the rank of 
 brigad ier-general. 
 
 4. Earl Van Dorn. — Wounded, on entering the Belen Gate at the capture of 
 
 the city of Mexico. September 13, 1S47 ; dangerously wounded, Indian 
 combat, Wichita Village, C. N., October 1, 1S5S (twice wounded in 
 thi> combat). 
 
 5. Edmund K. Smith. — Severely wounded, Indian combat at Small Creek, a 
 
 tributary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, C. N\, May 13, 1859 '< 
 severely wounded, battle of Bull Run, Va., July 21, l86l, while com- 
 manding a brigade of the Confederate forces with the rank of brigadier- 
 general. 
 
 6. James Oakes. — Twice severely wounded, Indian combat between the Nueces 
 
 and the Rio Grande, Texas, August 12, 1850. 
 
684 APPENDIX. 
 
 7. Innis N. Palmer. — Severely wounded, battle of Chapultepec, Mex., Septem- 
 ber 13, 1847. 
 
 10. David H. Hastings. — Wounded, battle of Contreras, Mex , August 20, 1847 
 
 (as first sergeant, company of United States Sappers and Miners); severely 
 wounded, entering the city of Mexico, September 13, 1S47 (as first ser- 
 geant, company of United States Sappers and Miners) ; severely injured 
 by the falling of his horse while in pursuit of hostile Indians near Fort 
 Buchanan, N. M., October 7, 1857. 
 
 11. David S. Stanley.— Wounded, battle of Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, 1864 ; 
 
 battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864. 
 
 12. William B. Royall. — Severely wounded, action at Old Church, Va., June 13, 
 
 1S62 (received six sabre wounds on head and face while engaged in a 
 hand-to-hand combat with the enemy). 
 18. Edwin V. Sumner. — Twice wounded, battle of the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 
 1864. 
 
 ASSISTANT SURGEON, GENERAL STAFF. 
 George L. Porter. — Wounded, action at Boonsboro, Md., July 8-9, 1863. 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 6. Theodore O'Hara. — Desperately wounded, battle of Churubusco, Mex., Au- 
 gust 20, 1847 ; severely wounded, affair at Cardenas, Cuba, May, 1850. 
 9. Albert G. Brackett.— Wounded, action near Stewart's Plantation, Ark., June 
 27, 1S62. 
 
 12. Richard W. Johnson. — Severely wounded, battle of New Hope Church, Ga., 
 May 28, 1864. 
 
 14. Charles W. Field— Desperately wounded through the hips, battle of second 
 Manassas (Bull Run), Va., August 29-30, 1S62, while commanding Con- 
 federate forces with the rank of brigadier-general. 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss.— Wounded six times while making a cavalry charge at 
 the battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 
 
 22. Abraham K. Arnold.— Severely wounded, battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 
 
 27, 1S62. 
 
 23. William McLean.— Severely wounded, action at Old Church, Va., June 13, 
 
 1862. 
 
 24. Louis D. Watkins. — Severely wounded, battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27. 
 
 1862. 
 26. Thomas Drummond.— Killed, battle of Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865, 
 while commanding the Fifth Cavalry. 
 
 28. Edward H. Leib.— Severely wounded, action at Five Forks, Va., March 31, 
 
 1865. 
 
 29. Joseph P. Ash.— Wounded, skirmish at Little Washington, Va., November 
 
 8, 1862 ; action at Morton's Ford, Va., October II, 1863 ; action near 
 Barnett's Ford, Va., February 7, 1864. Killed, battle of Todd's Tavern, 
 Va., May 8, 1864, while gallantly attempting to rally a regiment of in- 
 fantry. 
 31. John B. Mcintosh.— Severely injured by a fall from his horse while employed 
 with his brigade in guarding a part of the Orange and Alexandria Rail- 
 way, Va., October 1, 1863 ; severely wounded (lost right leg), battle of 
 
APPENDIX. 685 
 
 Winchester, Va., while leading a charge with the Fifth New York Cav- 
 alry to determine the number of the enemy's cavalry on the National 
 left flank, September 19, 1864. 
 33. George A. Custer. — Wounded, action at Culpepper Court-I louse, Va., Sep- 
 tember 13, 1863. Killed, Indian combat, Little Big Horn River, Mon., 
 June 25, 1876. 
 
 35. Thomas E. Maley.— Wounded, battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862 ; 
 
 severely wounded, battle of Deep Bottom, Va., July 28, [864. 
 
 36. Gustavus Urban.— Severely wounded, battle of Beverly Ford, Va., June 9, 
 
 1863 ; wounded, battle of Deep Bottom, Va., July 28, 1864. 
 
 37. Jeremiah C. Denney.— Seriously injured at the battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., 
 
 June 27, 1862, on which date he was sergeant-major of the Fifth Cavalry. 
 42. Robert P. Wilson.— Wounded, engagements at Manassas Gap, Va., July 
 21-23, 1863 ; action near Brandy Station, Va., August 1, 1863. 
 
 45. Alexander S. Clarke.— Wounded, action at Namozine Creek, Va., April 2, 
 
 1865. 
 
 46. Emil Adam.— Severely wounded, battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862 ; 
 
 wounded, engagement at Cherokee and Lundy's Lane, Ala., April 17, 
 1863. 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton.— Wounded, battle of Marye's Heights, Va. (second 
 
 Fredericksburg), May 3, 1863. 
 
 51. Edward M. Hayes.— Severely wounded, skirmish near Fayetteville, Tenn., 
 
 August 27, 1862 ; wounded, battle of Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864. 
 
 52. J. Scott Payne.— Twice wounded, Indian combat, Milk Creek, Col., Sep- 
 
 tember 29, 1879. 
 
 54. Calbraith P. Rodgers.— Killed by lightning at Rock Creek. Wyo., August 
 
 23, 1878, while en route from a temporary absence on duty at Fort D. 
 A. Russell, Wyo., to his command in the field in the Big Horn country, 
 Wyo. 
 
 55. John B. Babcock.— Slightly wounded, Indian combat seven miles north-east 
 
 of the forks of Tonto Creek, Ariz., June 16, 1873. 
 59. Charles King.— Severely wounded, Indian combat, Sunset Pass, eighteen 
 miles from Little Colorado River, Ariz., November 1, 1874. 
 
 FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 13. George B. Cosby —Severely wounded, Indian combat near Lake Trinidad, 
 Texas, May 9, 1854. 
 
 IS Tohn B Hood —Severely wounded in hand-to-hand combat with Lipans and 
 Comanches, head-waters of Devil's River, Texas, July 20, 1857 i 1-attle 
 of Gettysburg, Pa., July 3-4, 1S63, while commanding the 1 exas (Con- 
 federate) Brigade with the rank of brigadier-general ; battle of Lnicka- 
 maura, Ga. (losing a leg), September 19-20, 1863. while commanding a 
 division of the Confederate forces with the rank of major-general. 
 Wounded, battle of Resaca, Ga., May 13-15. 1864, while commanding a 
 corps of the Confederate forces with the rank of lieutenant-general. 
 
 16. James B. Witherell.— Wounded, Indian combat seventy miles north east of 
 
 the Nueces, Texas, November 8, 1857. 
 
 17. Joseph F. Minter.— Severely wounded, battle of Monterey, Mex., September 
 
 21-23, 1846. 
 
686 APPENDIX. 
 
 22. Fitzhugh Lee. — Severely wounded, Indian combat at Small Creek, a tribu- 
 tary of the Nescutunga, near Fort Atkinson, C. N., May 13, 1859 ; 
 severely wounded, battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1S64, while 
 commanding a division of Confederate cavalry with the rank of major- 
 general. 
 
 25. John J. Sweet.— Killed, battle of Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 
 
 27. Charles H. Tompkins. — Injured by his wounded horse falling on him, Fair- 
 fax Court-House, Va., June 1, 1861. 
 
 29. Sullivan W. Burbank.— Died, June 9, 1864, of wounds received in the battle 
 of the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 
 
 40. Richard Bvrnes.— Died, June 12, 1864, of wounds received in the battle 
 of Cold' Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864, while commanding the Irish Brigade, 
 Army of the Potomac. 
 
 43. Frank W. Dickerson.— Wounded, battle of Beverly Ford, Va., June 9, 1863. 
 
 54. Edward Murphy.— Severely wounded (losing a leg), battle of Winchester, 
 
 Va., September 19, 1864. 
 
 55. Joseph P. Henley —Killed, battle of Trevillian Station, Va., June 12, 1864. 
 
 57. Kenelm Robbins.— Severely wounded, battle of Winchester, Va., September 
 
 19, 1864. 
 
 58. Richard Fitzgerald.— Killed, battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. 
 60. John Trevor.— Died, September 29, 1864, of wounds received in the battle 
 
 of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. 
 
 63. William H. Churchill.— Wounded, action at Stanardsville, Va. (as first ser- 
 geant, Company K, Fifth Cavalry), March 1, 1864; died, August 20, 
 1866, from injuries received by a fall from his horse while at a mounted 
 drill. 
 
 77. Amos Webster.— W'ounded, battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 
 
 81. Jacob Almy.— Murdered by an Apache Indian at the San Carlos Indian 
 Agency' Ariz., on the morning of May 27, 1873, while endeavoring, in the 
 line of his duty, to arrest an Indian who had offered violence to the agent. 
 
 85. Bernard Reilly, Jr.— W r ounded, battle of Chickamauga, Ga., September 19- 
 
 20, 1863. 
 
 94. Adolphus W. Greely.— Wounded, battle of White Oak Swamp, Va., June 
 28, 1862 ; twice wounded, battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17, 
 1862. 
 103. George O. Eaton.— Wounded, by accidental discharge of his pistol, at camp 
 on Rose Bud Creek, Mon., August 7, 1876, while attempting to check a 
 night stampede of the horses of Company A. 
 
 SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 3. George B. Anderson.— Died, October 16, 1862, of wounds received in the 
 battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17, 1862, while commanding a 
 Confederate brigade with the rank of brigadier-general. 
 10. Robert C. Wood, Jr.— Wounded, Indian combat north branch of the 
 Concho, Texas, February 12, 1857. 
 
 13. John Williams.— Murdered by a soldier at a camp on Limpia Creek, El 
 
 Paso Road, Texas, June 30, 1S55, while endeavoring, in the line of his 
 duty, to quell the disorderly conduct of the murderer. 
 
 14. Cornelius Van Camp.— Killed, Indian combat, Wichita Village, C. N.. Oc- 
 
 tober 1, 1858. 
 
APPENDIX. 687 
 
 22. George A. Cunningham. — Wounded, battle and capture of Fort Donelson, 
 Tenn., February 15-16, 1862, while commanding Confederate forces with 
 the rank of major of artillery. 
 
 32. Edward W. Hinks. — Severely wounded, battle of Glendale, Va., June 30, 
 1862; twice severely wounded, battle of Antietam, Md., September 17, 
 
 1862 ; severely injured by his horse falling on him, assault on Peters- 
 burg, Va., June 15-16, 1864. 
 
 36. Charles E. Hazlett— Killed, battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson. — Wounded, battle of Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 
 
 1863 ; severely wounded, battle of Spottsylvania Court-House, Va., May 
 12, 1864. 
 
 64. Myles Moylan. — Wounded, Indian combat, Bear Paw Mountain, Mon., 
 
 September 30, 1S77. 
 67. William Brophy. — Wounded, battle of Gaines's Mill, Va. (as sergeant, Com- 
 pany D, Fifth Cavalry), June 27. 1862 ; action at Markham's Station, 
 Va. (as first sergeant, Company D, Fifth Cavalry), November 4, 1862. 
 69. Joseph H. Wood.— Wounded (at Fairfield), battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 
 3; 1863. 
 
 104. William L. Porter.— Died, April 23, 1868, of wounds received, in the line of 
 his duty, at Gallatin, Tenn., caused by the bursting of a gun while firing 
 a salute on February 22, 1868. 
 
 123. Reid T. Stewart. —Murdered by Apache Indians in Davidson Canon, Ariz., 
 August 27, 1872, while en route, in the line of his duty, to attend as judge- 
 advocate a general court-martial at Tucson, Ariz. 
 
 136. Samuel A. Cherry. — Murdered by a soldier at Rock Creek, Dak., May 11 
 1881, while in command of a detachment in pursuit of desperadoes. 
 
 140. James V. S. Paddock. — Twice wounded, Indian combat, Milk Creek, Col., 
 September 29, 1879. 
 
 BREVET SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 Wade H. Gibbes.— Severely wounded, assault on Petersburg (mine), Va., July 
 30, 1864, while commanding Confederate artillery with the rank of major. 
 
688 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 12. 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE FIFTH CAVALRY 
 
 Who have Served in the Volunteer Armies of the U. S. 
 
 COLONELS. 
 
 Albert S. Johnston. — Assistant adjutant-general of Illinois volunteers, 
 with the rank of colonel, May 9, iS32-October II, 1832 ; colonel First 
 Texas Rifle Volunteers, July 18, iS46-August 24, 1S46 ; acting inspector- 
 general on the staff of Major-General William O. Butler, September 1, 
 1846-October 1, 1846. 
 
 George H. Thomas.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, August 17, 1861-April 
 25, 1S62 ; major-general of volunteers, April 25, iS62-December 15, 
 1864. 
 
 William H. Emory. — Lieutenant-colonel regiment of Maryland and District 
 of Columbia volunteers, September 30, 1847-July 24, 1848 ; brigadier- 
 general of volunteers, March 17, 1862-September 25, 1S65 ; major-gen- 
 eral of volunteers, September 25, 1865-January 15, 1866. 
 
 Wesley Merritt. — Brigadier-general of volunteers, June 29, 1863- April I, 
 1865 ; major-general of volunteers, April I, 1865-February 1, 1866. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 
 
 a. John Sedgwick.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, August 31, 1861-July 4, 
 1862 ; major-general of volunteers, July 4, iS62-May 9, 1864. 
 
 5. Lawrence P. Graham.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, August 31, 1861- 
 
 August 24, 1865. 
 
 6. Andrew I. Smith. — Acting lieutenant-colonel battalion Iowa (Mormon) volun- 
 
 teers," August 30, 1846-October 13, 1S46 ; colonel Second California Cav- 
 alry, October 2, 1861-November 13, 1861 ; brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers, March 17, 1862-May 12, 1864 ; major-general of volunteers, May 
 12, 1864-January 15, 1866. 
 
 8. John P. Hatch.— Brigadier general of volunteers, September 28, 1861-Janu- 
 
 ary 15, 1S66. 
 
 9. Eugene A. Carr.— Colonel Third Illinois Cavalry, August 15, iS6i-March 7, 
 
 1862; brigadier-general of volunteers, March 7, iS62-January 15, 1866. 
 10. Charles E. Compton.— Served in the First Iowa Volunteers, May 7, 1S61- 
 Augu>>t 21, 1061 ; captain Eleventh Iowa Volunteers, October 19, 1S61- 
 May 5. 1863 ; major Forty seventh United States Colored Troops, May 5, 
 ifif,3-])ccember 9, 1864; lieutenant-colonel Fifty-third United States 
 Colored Troops, December 9, 1864-March 8, 1866. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 MAJORS. 
 
 6. James Oakes.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, May 17, 1861— declined be- 
 
 cause of ill-health resulting from wounds received in an Indian combat. 
 
 7. Innis N. Palmer.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, September 23, 1861- 
 
 January 15, 1866. 
 
 11. David S. Stanley.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, September 28, 1861- 
 
 November 29, 1862 ; major-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862- 
 February 1, 1S66. 
 
 12. William B. Royall.— First lieutenant Second Missouri Mounted Volunteers, 
 
 July 31, 1846-August 14, 1847 ; first lieutenant and adjutant Santa Fe 
 Battalion, August 14, 1847-October 20, 1848 ; colonel Twenty-seventh 
 New Jersey Volunteers, September 24, 1862— declined because of wounds 
 received at Old Church, Va., June 13, 1862, which at that time incapaci- 
 tated him for active service in the field. 
 
 13. Nelson B. Sweitzer.— Additional aide-de-camp, with the rank of lieutenant- 
 
 colonel, September 2S, iS6i-March 31, 1863 ; colonel Sixteenth New 
 York Cavalry, November 12, iS64-June 23, 1865 ; colonel Third New 
 York Provisional Cavalry, June 23, 1865-September 21, 1865. 
 
 14. Eugene W. Crittenden.— Colonel Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry, March 20, 
 
 1863-August 23, 1865. 
 
 18. Edwin V. Sumner.— Served in " Clay Guards," Washington, D. C, April, 
 
 1861 ; major Second California Cavalry, September 10, 1861 — declined ; 
 aide-de-camp of volunteers, with the rank of major, May 19, 1863-Au- 
 gust 15, 1863 ; colonel First New York Mounted Rifles, September 8, 
 1864-November 29, 1865. 
 
 19. Louis H. Carpenter.— Lieutenant- colonel Fifth United States Colored Cav- 
 
 alry, October 1, 1864-November 2, 1865 ; colonel Fifth United States 
 Colored Cavalry, November 2, 1865-March 16, 1866. 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 5. George Stoneman, Jr.— Brigadier-general of volunteers, August 13, 1861- 
 
 November 29, 1862 ; major-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862- 
 September 1, 1866. 
 
 6. Theodore O'Hara.— Assistant quartermaster (captain), June 26, 1846-Octo- 
 
 ber 15, 1848. 
 
 7. William R. Bradfute. — Served in the First Tennessee Volunteers, May, 1846; 
 
 first lieutenant First Tennessee Volunteers, May 23, 1846-May 31, 1847 ; 
 captain Third Tennessee Volunteers, October 7, 1847-July 24, 1848. 
 
 8. Charles E. Travis.— Captain of a company of Texas Rangers, 1854-1S55. 
 
 9. Albert G. Brackett. — Second lieutenant Fourth Indiana Volunteers, June 1, 
 
 1847-June 18, 1847 ; first lieutenant Fourth Indiana Volunteers, June 18, 
 i>47-July 16, 1848; colonel Ninth Illinois Cavalry, October 26, 1861- 
 October 26, 1864. 
 
 12. Richard W. Johnson.— Lieutenant-colonel Third Kentucky Cavalry, August 
 
 28, 1861-October 11, 1861 ; brigadier-general of volunteers, October 11, 
 1861-January 15, 1866. 
 
 13. Joseph II. McArthur. — Lieutenant-colonel Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Sep- 
 
 tember 11, 1861-February 3, 1862. 
 15. Kenner Garrard.— Colonel One Hundred and Forty-sixth New York Volun- 
 teers, September 23, 1862-July 23, 1863 ; brigadier-general of volunteers, 
 July 23, 1863-August 24, 1865. 
 45 
 
690 APPENDIX. 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss. — Second lieutenant First Tennessee Mounted Volun- 
 
 teers, May 23, 1846-May 31, 1847; captain Third Tennessee Volunteers, 
 October 7, 1847-July 24, 1848. 
 
 18. Robert N. Eagle. — Served as a volunteer in the war with Mexico. 
 
 19. William W. Lowe. — Colonel Fifth Iowa Cavalry, December 5, 1861-Janu- 
 
 ary 24, 1865. 
 21. Wesley Owens. — Lieutenant-colonel, assistant inspector-general, Third Army 
 
 Corps. Army of the Potomac, January 1, iS63~March 23, 1S63 ; colonel 
 
 Eighth Ohio Cavalry, May 12, 1865-June 30, 1865. 
 24. Louis D. Watkins. — Colonel Sixth Kentucky Cavalry, January 26, 1863-Sep- 
 
 tember 25, 1S65 ; brigadier-general of volunteers, September 25, 1865- 
 
 September 1, 1866. 
 26. Thomas Drummond. — Lieutenant-colonel Fourth Iowa Cavalry, December 
 
 24, iS6i-June 3, 1862. 
 
 23. Edward H. Leib. — Served in the " Washington Artillery" (an independent 
 organization from Pennsylvania), April 16, iS6i-April 26, 1861. 
 
 29. Joseph P. Ash. — First lieutenant " Cassius Clay's Battalion Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers," April-May, 1861. 
 
 31. John B. Mcintosh. — Assigned to the command of the Ninety-fifth Pennsyl- 
 
 vania Volunteers, July, 1862 (S. O. 200, Headquarters Army of the Po- 
 tomac, July 11, 1S62) ; colonel Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, November 
 15, iS62-July 21, 1864; brigadier-general of volunteers, July 21, 1S64- 
 April 30, 1866. 
 
 32. Samuel S. Sumner. — Captain and aide-de-camp of volunteers, August 20, 
 
 1862-August 15, 1S63. 
 
 33. George A. Custer. — Captain, additional aide-de-camp, June 5, 1862-March 
 
 31, 1863 ; brigadier-general of volunteers, June 29, 1863-April 15, 1865 ; 
 major-general of volunteers, April 15, iS65~February 1, 1866. 
 
 34. William H. Brown. — Captain, assistant quartermaster of volunteers, Decem- 
 
 ber 1, iS62-August 25, 1865. 
 
 35. Thomas E. Maley. — First lieutenant and regimental quartermaster Sixth 
 
 Pennsylvania Cavalry, September 12, 1861-April 22, 1S62. 
 
 36. Gustavus Urban. — Tendered appointment of first lieutenant and regimental 
 
 quartermaster Third Kentucky Cavalry, September 12, 1S61 — declined ; 
 captain, assistant adjutant-general of volunteers, September 16, 1S61- 
 January 30, 1863. 
 42. Robert P. Wilson. — Served in the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry, 
 during General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign, June-August, 1S61 ; 
 first lieutenant Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, January 24, 1862-Septem- 
 ber 7, 1862. 
 
 46. Emil Adam. — Served in the Alton Yagers, Illinois National Guard, April 18, 
 
 lS6i-April 25, 1S61 ; second lieutenant Ninth Illinois Volunteers, April 
 
 25, 1861-July 28, 1861 ; first lieutenant Ninth Illinois Volunteers, July 
 28, 1861-November 14, 1861 ; captain Ninth Illinois Volunteers, No- 
 vember 14, 1861-August 20, 1864 ; served in the One Hundred and Forty- 
 fourth Illinois Volunteers, September 1-10, 1864 ; captain One Hundred 
 and Forty-fourth Illinois Volunteers, September 10, 1364-March iS, 
 1865 ; major One Hundred and Forty-fourth Illinois Volunteers, March 
 18, lS65-July 14, 1S65. 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton. — Served in the Thirty-third New York Volunteers, May 
 
 1, 1861-June 2, 1863 ; second lieutenant Ninth United States Colored 
 Troops, December 24, 1863-May 15, 1865 ; first lieutenant Ninth United 
 States Colored Troops, May 15, iS65-June 20, 1867. 
 
APPENDIX. 691 
 
 4S. Sanford C. Kellogg. — Served in the Thirty-seventh New York National 
 Guard, May 29, [862-September 2, 1862; captain, aide-de-camp of 
 volunteers, March II, iS63-[uly 10, 1S66. 
 
 50. George F. Price. — First lieutenant Second California Cavalry, September 3, 
 
 1861-Novembcr 14, iS(>i ; captain Second California Cavalry, November 
 14, iS6i-July 9, 1S66 ; aide-de-camp of volunteers, January 14, 1S66- 
 April 30, 1S66. 
 
 51. Edward M. Hayes. — Appointed second lieutenant of Ohio volunteers, 
 
 October 9, 1862 ; first lieutenant Tenth Ohio Cavalry, January 15, 1863- 
 March 24, 1864 ; captain Tenth Ohio Cavalry, March 24, iSo4~July 24, 
 1865 ; aide-de-camp of volunteers, August 6, 1864-July — , 1865. 
 53. Albert E. Woodson. — Served in the First Washington Territory Volunteers, 
 April 27, 1S62- April 14, 1863 ; second lieutenant First Washington 
 Territory Volunteers, April 14, 1863-March 25, 1865. 
 
 55. John B. Babcock. — Served in the Thirty-seventh New York National Guard, 
 
 May 29, 1 862-September 2, 1862 ; second lieutenant One Hundred and 
 Seventy-fourth New York Volunteers, November 13, 1862-December 1, 
 1863 ; first lieutenant One Hundred and Seventy-fourth New York 
 Volunteers, December 1, 1863-June 26, 1864 (when the regiment was 
 consolidated with the One Hundred and Sixty-second New York Volun- 
 teers and designated the One Hundred and Sixty-second New York 
 Volunteers), and from the latter date, in the same grade, until December 
 9, 1864 ; captain One Hundred and Sixty-second New York Volunteers, 
 December 9, 1864-January 1, 1865 ; major One Hundred and Sixty- 
 second New York Volunteers, January 1, 1865-July 23, 1865. 
 
 56. Edward W. Ward. — First lieutenant Twyman's company of Kentucky 
 
 Scouts, December 26, iS6i-March 24, 1863 ; captain Twyman's com- 
 pany of Kentucky Scouts, March 24, 1863-July 27, 1863, when trans- 
 ferred as a captain to the Third Kentucky Cavalry, and served in that 
 grade until July 15, 1865 ; aide-de-camp of volunteers, September 4, 
 iS62-March — , 1S63, and February-July, 1865. 
 
 57. William J. Volkmar. — Served in the Thirty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, 
 
 June 19, 1863-August 4, 1863. 
 
 FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 William H. Jenifer. — First lieutenant of dragoons, February 18, iS47-April 
 9, 1847 ; first lieutenant Third Dragoons, April 9, iS47~July 16, 1847 ; 
 captain Third Dragoons, July 16, 1847-July 31, 1S48. 
 
 Alexander H. Cross. — First lieutenant of Voltigeurs, April 9, 1847-August 
 31, 1848. 
 
 Charles Radziminski. — Second lieutenant Third Dragoons, April 9, 1847- 
 July 31, 1848. 
 
 Joseph F. Minter. — Served in the First Texas Rifle Volunteers, May 24, 
 1846-August 24, 1846 ; served in Captain Ben McCulloch's Mounted 
 Spy Company (Texas), January 31, 1847-July 31, 1S47 ; served with 
 Texas troops on the northern frontier of that State, 1847-4S. 
 
 A. Parker Porter. — Lieutenant-colonel, commissary of subsistence of volun- 
 teers, August 20, iS62-July 3, 1S65. 
 
 Charles H. Tompkins. — Colonel First Vermont Cavalry, April 24, i c 62- 
 September 9, 1862 ; lieutenant-colonel, quartermaster of volunteers, July 
 1, iS<>5-June 11, 1866; colonel, quartermaster of volunteers, June 13, 
 1866-January 1, 1867. 
 
692 APPENDIX. 
 
 40. Richard Byrnes. — Colonel Twenty-eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, Sep- 
 tember 29, iS62-June 12, 1864. 
 
 64. Augustus H. D. Williams. — First lieutenant Eleventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, 
 September 29, 1861-September 7, 1864. 
 
 66. James C. Cooley. — First lieutenant One Hundred and Thirty-third New 
 York Volunteers (also known as Second Regiment Metropolitan Guard) — 
 dates not ascertained. 
 
 72. Edward P. Doherty. — Services as a lieutenant not ascertained ; captain Six- 
 teenth New York Cavalry, April 23, iS65-June 23, 1S65 (when the regi- 
 ment was consolidated with the Thirteenth New York Cavalry and desig- 
 nated as the Third Provisional New York Cavalry), and from the latter 
 date, in the same grade, until September 21, 1865. 
 
 77. Amos Webster. — Served in the First Massachusetts Volunteers, May 24, 
 1861-May 8, 1862 ; second lieutenant First Massachusetts Volunteers, 
 May 8, 1862-September 8, 1863 ; first lieutenant First Massachusetts 
 Volunteers, September 8, 1863-May 24, 1864 ; captain, additional aide- 
 de-camp of volunteers, May 24, 1864-October 1, 1S64 ; captain, assistant 
 quartermaster of volunteers, October 1, 1864-October 1, 1867 ; adjutant- 
 general, District of Columbia, January 1, 1871, to date. 
 
 79. Jules C. A. Schenofsky. — Captain, additional aide-de-camp of volunteers, 
 
 June 11, 1862-May 22, 1805. 
 
 80. Peter V. Haskin. — Services as a second lieutenant not ascertained ; first 
 
 lieutenant Sixth New York Cavalry (organized September, 1861), Decem- 
 ber I, 1864-June 17, 1865 (when the regiment was consolidated with the 
 Fifteenth New York Cavalry and designated as the Second Provisional 
 New York Cavalry), and from the latter date, in the same grade, until 
 August 9, 1865. 
 
 81. Jacob Almy. — Served in the Thirty-third Massachusetts Volunteers, August 
 
 4, 1862-February 5, 1863. 
 85. Bernard Reilly, Jr. — Second lieutenant Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, 
 
 November 18, 1861-July 1, 1863 ; first lieutenant Seventh Pennsylvania 
 
 Cavalry, July 1, 1863-April 21, 1864. 
 92. Earl D. Thomas — Served in the Eighth Illinois Cavalry, April 1, 1862-April 
 
 23, 1865. 
 
 94. Adolphus W. Greely. — Served in the Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers, 
 
 July 26, 1861-March 18, 1863 ; second lieutenant Eighty-first United 
 States Colored Troops, March 18, 1863-April 26, 1864 ; first lieutenant 
 Eighty-first United States Colored Troops, April 26, i864-April4, 1865 ; 
 captain Eighty-first United States Colored Troops, April 4, 1865-March 
 22, 1867. 
 
 95. Phineas P. Barnard. — Captain, assistant quartermaster of volunteers, May 13, 
 
 1863-December 6, 1865. 
 99. George B. Davis. — Served in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, September 10, 
 1863-June 16, 1S65 ; second lieutenant First Massachusetts Cavalry, June 
 17, 1865-June 26, 1865 (served in commission until July 16, 1865). 
 103. George O. Eaton. — Served in the Fifteenth Maine Volunteers, February 1, 
 1865-August II, 1865. 
 
 SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 6. Edwin R. Merrifield.— Second lieutenant Fifteenth Infantry (Mexican War), 
 March 9, iS47-February 17, 184S. 
 
APPENDIX. 693 
 
 15. Junius B. Wheeler.— Second lieutenant Eleventh Infantry (Mexican War) 
 September 9, iS47-August 14, 1848. 
 
 32. Edward W. Hinks— Lieutenant-colonel Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, 
 April 30, i8()i May id, 1861 ; colonel Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, 
 May 10, 1861-August 1, 1861 ; colonel Nineteenth Massachusetts Volun- 
 teers, August 3, 1861-November 29, 1862 ; brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers, November 29, 1862-June 30, 1865. 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson. — Served in the Sixth Ohio Volunteers, April 20, 1861- 
 May 15, 1861. 
 
 64. Myles Moylan — Served in the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, December 2, 
 1863-January 25, 1864 ; first lieutenant Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, 
 January 25, 1864-December 1, 1864 ; captain Fourth Massachusetts 
 Cavalry, December 1, 1864-November 14, 1865. 
 
 69. Joseph H. Wood.— Major Fifteenth New York Cavalry, September 16, 
 1863-March 13, 1865 ; lieutenant-colonel Second New York Mounted 
 Rifles, March 13, iS65~August 10, 1865. 
 
 84. Henry Jayne.— Served in the Seventh Illinois Cavalry, August 24, 1861-June 
 7, 1862 ; second lieutenant Seventh Illinois Cavalry, June 7, iS62-March 
 26, 1864; captain Seventh Illinois Cavalry, March 26, 1864 , 1865. 
 
 86. Michael V. Sheridan.— Second lieutenant Second Missouri Volunteers, Sep- 
 tember 7, 1863-June 28, 1864 ; captain, aide-de-camp of volunteers, May 
 18, 1864-August 1, 1866. 
 
 89. James W. Walsh.— Captain Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, January 1, 1862- 
 
 August 4, 1S63 ; major Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, August 4, 1863- 
 August 24, 1864 ; lieutenant-colonel Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, Oc- 
 tober 6, 1864-June 1, 1865, when transferred as lieutenant-colonel to the 
 Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, June 1, 1865-August 7, 1865. 
 
 90. Henry P. Wade. — Services as a lieutenant not ascertained ; captain Fifth 
 
 United States Colored Cavalry (organized October, 1864) from to 
 
 March 10, 1866 ; captain Sixth United States Colored Cavalry, March 10, 
 1866-April 15, 1866. 
 95. John P. Cummings.— Captain of volunteers— regiment and dates not ascer- 
 tained. 
 97. Daniel Hitchcock.— Services as a second lieutenant not ascertained ; first lieu- 
 tenant Fifteenth New York Heavy Artillery (organized October, 1861) 
 from to November II, 1863. 
 
 102. E. Willard Warren.— Served in the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, August 1, 
 1861-September 13, 1862 ; second lieutenant Third Pennsylvania Cavalry 
 (rank from Tuly 17, 1862), September 13, 1862-December 18, 1862 ; first 
 lieutenant Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, December 18, 1862-August 24, 
 1864. 
 
 104. William L. Porter.— Captain, assistant adjutant-general of volunteers, March 
 28, 1865-October 1, 1866. 
 
 BREVET SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 2. Albert V. Colburn. — Lieutenant-colonel, additional aide-de-camp, September 
 28, 1861-June 17, 1863. 
 
694 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 13. 
 
 BREVET COMMISSIONS 
 
 Conferred and Recommended for Gallant, Faithful, and 
 Meritorious Services. 
 
 " Brevets are the cheap and peculiar reward of military prowess or genius." — Brevet Lieu- 
 tenant-General YVinfield Scott. 
 
 COLONELS. 
 
 1. Albert S. Johnston. — Brevet brigadier general, November 18, 1857, for meri- 
 
 torious conduct in the ability, zeal, energy, and prudence displayed by 
 him in command of the army in Utah. 
 
 2. George H. Thomas. — Brevet first lieutenant, November 6, 1841, for gallantry 
 
 and good conduct in the war against the Florida Indians ; brevet captain, 
 September 23, 1846, for gallant conduct in the several conflicts at Mon- 
 terey, Mex. ; brevet major, February 23, 1847, for gallant and men 
 torious conduct at the battle of Buena Vista, Mex. ; declined the brevet 
 of lieutenant-general, February, 1868, because he had not performed any 
 service since the war of the Rebellion meriting such distinction. 
 
 3. William H. Emory. — Brevet captain, December 6, 1846, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious conduct at the battle of San Pasqual, Cal. ; brevet major, 
 January 9, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of San 
 Gabriel and the Plains of Mesa, Cal. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, October 
 19, 1857, for valuable and distinguished services as commissioner for 
 running the boundary line between the United States and Mexico ; brevet 
 colonel, May 27, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Hanover Court-House, Va. ; brevet major-general of volunteers, July 
 23, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the Red River campaign ; 
 brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Fisher's Hill and in the campaign of the Shenan- 
 doah Valley, Va. ; brevet major general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va. 
 
 4. Wesley Merritt.— Brevet major, July 1, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. ; brevet lieutenant colonel. May 
 11, 1864, for gallant and meritorious sendees at the battle of Vellow 
 Tavern, Va. ; brevet colonel, May 28, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Hawes' Shop, Va. ; brevet major-general of 
 volunteers, October 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill, Va. ; brevet brigadier-general, 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Five 
 Forks, Va. ; brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services during the campaign ending with the surrender of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia. 
 
APPENDIX. 695 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 
 
 1. Robert E. Lee. — Brevet major, April 18, 1847, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo. Mex. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 
 August 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of 
 Contreras and Churubusco, Mex. ; brevet colonel, September 13, 1847, 
 for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Chapultepec, Mex. 
 
 2. John Sedgwick. — Brevet captain, August 20, 1S47, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mex. ; 
 brevet major, September 13, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
 the battle of Chapultepec, Mex. 
 
 4. Delos B. Sacket. — Brevet first lieutenant, May 9, 1846, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious conduct at the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, 
 Texas ; brevet brigadier general and brevet major general, March 13, 
 1865, for faithful and meritorious services during the war of the 
 Rebellion. 
 
 5. Lawrence P. Graham. — Brevet major, May 9, 1846, for gallant conduct at 
 
 the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, Texas ; brevet briga- 
 dier-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious conduct during 
 the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 6. Andrew J. Smith. — Brevet colonel, April 10, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious services at the battle of Pleasant Hill, La. ; brevet brigadier- 
 general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Tupelo, Miss. ; brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 7. Thomas Duncan. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, April 8, 1862, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services in action near Albuquerque, N. M. ; brevet colonel 
 and brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 8. John P Hatch. — Brevet first lieutenant, August 20, 1847, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mex. ; 
 brevet captain, September 13, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct 
 at the battle of Chapultepec, Mex. ; brevet major, August 30, 1862, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Manassas, Va. ; brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, September 14, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of South Mountain, Md. ; brevet colonel and brevet 
 brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion ; brevet major-general of volunteers, 
 March 13, 1S65, for gallant and meritorious services during the war 
 of the Rebellion. 
 
 9. Eugene A. Carr. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, August 10, 1861, for gallant 
 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo ; brevet 
 colonel, May 17, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services in the action 
 at Big Black River Bridge, Miss. ; brevet major-general of volunteers, 
 March II, 18^5. for gallant and meritorious services during the opera- 
 tions against Mobile, Ala. ; brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the capture of Little Rock. Ark. ; 
 brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion. 
 10. Charles E. Compton. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, March 2, 1S67, for gallant 
 and meritorious services in the campaign against Mobile, Ala. ; nomi- 
 nated by the President (but no action taken thereon by the Senate) to be 
 a brevet colonel, August 30, 1874, for services in campaign against 
 Indians in Texas. 
 
696 APPENDIX. 
 
 MAJORS. 
 
 I. William J. Hardee. — Brevet major, March 25, 1847, for gallant and meri- 
 torious conduct in the affair at Medelin, near Vera Cruz, Mex. ; brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, August 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct 
 in the affair with the enemy at San Augustine, Mex. 
 
 4. Earl Van Dorn. — Brevet captain, April 18, 1847, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo, Mex. ; brevet major, August 20, 
 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battles of Contreras and 
 Churubusco, Mex. 
 
 5. Edmund K. Smith. — Brevet first lieutenant, April 18, 1847, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious conduct at the battle of Cerro Gordo, Mex. ; brevet cap- 
 tain, August 20, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of 
 Contreras, Mex. 
 
 6. James Oakes. — Brevet first lieutenant, March 25, 1847, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious conduct in the affair at Medelin, Mex. ; brevet captain, Sep- 
 tember 8, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of 
 Molino del Rey, Mex. ; brevet colonel and brevet brigadier-general, 
 March 30, 1865, for meritorious and faithful services in the recruitment of 
 the armies of the United States. 
 
 7. Innis N. Palmer. — Brevet first lieutenant, August 20, 1847, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mex. ; 
 brevet captain, September 13, 1847, for gallant conduct at the battle of 
 Chapultepec, Mex.; brevet lieutenant-colonel, July 21, 1861, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Bull Run, Va. ; brevet colonel 
 and brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war of the Rebellion ; brevet major-general of volun- 
 teers, March 13, 1865, for long and meritorious services. 
 
 8. Joseph H. Whittlesey. — Brevet first lieutenant, February 23, 1S47, for gal- 
 
 lant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Buena Vista, Mex. 
 H. David S. Stanley. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, December 31, 1862, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Stone River, Tenn. ; brevet 
 colonel, May 15, 1S64, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Resaca, Ga. ; brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Ruff's Station, Ga. ; brevet major- 
 general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Franklin, Tenn. 
 
 12. William B. Royall. — Brevet major, May 27, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Hanover Court- House, Va.; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, June 13, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services in the cavalry 
 action at Old Church, Va. ; brevet colonel, March 13, 1S65, for arduous 
 and faithful services in the recruitment of the armies of the United 
 States. 
 
 13. Nelson B. Sweitzer. — Brevet major, July I, 1862, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services during the Virginia Peninsular campaign ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, September 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
 battle of Winchester, Va. ; brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for distin- 
 guished gallantry at the battles of Yellow Tavern and Meadow Bridge, 
 Va. ; brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for merito- 
 rious and distinguished services ; brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 15. George A. Gordon. — Brevet major, March 24, 1862, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services during a reconnaissance near New Bridge, Va. ; brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel, June 11, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Trevillian Station, Va. 
 
APPENDIX. 697 
 
 16. John J. Upham. — Brevet major, July 2, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 17. Verling K. Hart. — Brevet major, September 20, 1863, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious services at the battle of Chickamauga, Ga. ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 18. Edwin V. Sumner. — Brevet major, May 6, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Todd's Tavern, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the 
 Rebellion ; brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, March 28, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 19. Louis H. Carpenter. — Brevet first lieutenant, July 3, 1863, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. ; brevet captain, Sep- 
 tember 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Win- 
 chester, Va.; brevet major and brevet lieutenant-colonel, March 13, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion ; 
 brevet colonel of volunteers, September 28, 1865, for meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion ; brevet colonel, October 18, 1S68, for 
 gallant and meritorious services in an engagement with Indians at Beaver 
 Creek, Kan. 
 
 ASSISTANT SURGEON, GENERAL STAFF. 
 
 George L. Porter. — Brevet captain and brevet major, March 13, 1865, for 
 faithful and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 5. George Stoneman, Jr. — Brevet colonel, December 13, 1S62, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va.; brevet briga- 
 dier-general, March 13, 1S65, for gallant and meritorious services in the 
 capture of Charlotte. N. C; brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 6. Theodore O'Hara.— Brevet major, August 20, 1847, for gallant and merito- 
 
 rious conduct at the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mex. 
 9. Albert G. Brackett— Brevet major, June 28, 1862, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services in the campaign of 1862 in Arkansas ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, September I, 1S64, for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the Atlanta campaign ; brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for gallant and 
 meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 12. Richard W. Johnson. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, September 20, 1863, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Chickamauga, Ga.; bre- 
 vet colonel, November 24, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Chattanooga, Tenn. ; brevet major-general of volunteers, 
 December iC, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the battles 
 before Nashville, Tenn.; brevet brigadier-general. March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Nashville, Tenn.; brevet 
 major-general, March 13, 1665, for gallant and meritorious services dur- 
 ing the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 15. Kenner Garrard. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, July 2, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg, l'a.; 1. revet colonel, July 
 22, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the expedition to Coving- 
 ton, Ga. ; brevet major-general of volunteers, December 15, 1S64, for 
 
b9» APPENDIX. 
 
 conspicuous gallantry and efficiency during the battle of December 15-16, 
 
 1864, before Nashville, Tenn.; brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1S65, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Nashville, Tenn.; 
 brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 vices during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 17. William P. Chambliss. — Brevet major. May 4, 1862, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services in action at Warwick's Creek, Va. ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, June 27, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Gaines's Mill, Va. 
 
 19. William W. Lowe. — Brevet major, October 9, 1863, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious services in the cavalry engagement near Chickamauga, Ga. ; bre- 
 vet lieutenant-colonel, December 15, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 services in the cavalry action near Huntsville, Ala. ; brevet colonel, brevet 
 brigadier-general of volunteers, and brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 
 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 20. James E. Harrison. — Brevet major, May 27, 1862, for gallant and merito- 
 
 rious services at the battle of Hanover Court-House, Va. ; brevet lieuten- 
 ant-colonel, September 17, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Antietam, Md. 
 
 21. Wesley Owens. — Brevet major, May 27, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Hanover Court-House, Va.; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 war pf the Rebellion . 
 
 22. Abraham K. Arnold. — Brevet captain, June 27, 1862, for gallant and merito- 
 
 rious services at the battle of Gaines's Mill, Va. ; brevet major, May 6, 
 
 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Todd's Tavern, 
 Va. 
 
 24. Louis D. Watkins. — Brevet major, January 8, 1863, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services in the expedition to East Tennessee under Brigadier- 
 General Samuel P. Carter, United States volunteers ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, March 5, 1S63, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Thompson's Station, Tenn.; brevet colonel, June 24 1S64, for gallant 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Lafayette, Ga. ; brevet brigadier- 
 general of volunteers, June 24, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services 
 at the battle of Lafayette, Ga. ; brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious conduct in the defense of Resaca, Ga. 
 
 27. Julius W. Mason. — Brevet major, June 9, 1S63, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Beverly Ford, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 
 August 1, 1S63, for gallant and meritorious sendees at the battle of Brandy 
 Station, Va. 
 
 28. Edward H. Leib. — Brevet captain, June 13, 1S62, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services in the cavalry action at Old Church, Va. ; brevet major, April I, 
 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Five Forks, Va. ; 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, April 1, 1865, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 vices during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 29. Joseph P. Ash. — Brevet major, November 8, 1S62, for conspicuous gallantry 
 
 in the skirmish at Little Washington, near Warrenton, Va. ; brevet lieu- 
 tenant-colonel, May 8, 1864, for conspicuous gallantry at the battle of 
 Spottsylvania, Va. 
 
 30. Leicester Walker. — Brevet captain, June 9, 1S63, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Beverly Ford, Va. ; brevet major, May II, 1S64, 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Vellow Tavern. Ya. ; 
 recommended to the President (but never nominated to the Senate) to be 
 a brevet lieutenant-colonel, July 11, 1869, for gallantry in the Indian com- 
 bat at Summit Springs, Col. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 699 
 
 31. John B. Mcintosh.— Brevet major, August 5- 1862, for gallant and mento 
 
 rious services at the battle of White Oak Swamp, Ya. ; 1. revet lieutenant- 
 colonel, Tuly 3, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of 
 Gettysburg, Pa. ; brevet colonel, June I, 1864, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services at the battle of Ashland, Va. ; brevet major-general of vol- 
 unteers, March 13, 1865, for distinguished gallantry and good manage- 
 ment at the battle of Opequan, Va. ; brevet brigadier-general, March 13. 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of \\ inchester, Va. ; 
 brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 vices during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 32. SamuelS. Sumner.— Brevet first lieutenant, June 1, 1S62, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va. ; brevet captain, Sep- 
 tember 17, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of An- 
 tietam, Md. ; brevet major, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct during the campaign against Vicksburg, Miss. ; recommended 
 to the President (but never nominated to the Senate) to be a brevet lieu- 
 tenant-colonel, July 11, 1869, for gallantry in the Indian combat at Sum- 
 mit Springs, Col. 
 
 33. George A. Custer.— Brevet major, July 3, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, .May 
 11, 1S64, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of \ellow 
 Tavern, Va. ; brevet colonel, September 19, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services at the battle of Winchester, Va. ; brevet major-general of 
 volunteers, October 19, 1S64, for gallant and meritorious sen-ices at the 
 battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill, Va. ; brevet brigadier-general, 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Five 
 Forks, Va. ; brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services during the campaign ending with the surrender of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia. 
 
 34 William H. Brown. — Brevet captain, June 18, 1864, for gallant and merito- 
 
 rious services during the Piedmont and Lynchburg expedition ; brevet 
 major of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services 
 during the war of the Rebellion ; brevet major, April 1, 1S65, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services at the battle of Five Forks, \ a. 
 
 35 Thomas E. Maley.— Brevet first lieutenant, June 27, 1862, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gaines's Mill, Va. ; brevet captain 
 September 17, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services at the b; 
 Antietam, Md. ; brevet major, July 28, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Deep Bottom, Va.; recommended to the President 
 (but never nominated to the Senate) to be a brevet lieutenant-colonel, 
 July 11, 1869, for gallantry in the Indian combat at Summit Springs, Col. 
 
 36 Gustavus Urban -Brevet captain, June 9, 1863, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 services at the battle of Beverly Ford, Va. ; brevet major, July . 
 for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Deep Bottom, \ a. 
 
 37 Jeremiah C. Denney.— Brevet captain, October 19, 1864, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Cedar Creek, Va. ; recommended to 
 the President (but never nominated to the Senate) to be a brevet major, 
 July 3. 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Gettys- 
 burg, Pa. 
 
 38 Philip Dwyer.— Brevet captain, Tune II, 1864, for gallant and me. 
 
 services at the battle of Trevillian Station, Va.; recommended to the Pres- 
 ident (but never nominated to the Senate) to be a brevet major. July 
 28, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Deep Bot- 
 tom, Va. 
 
700 APPENDIX. 
 
 39. James Hastings.— Brevet captain, September 19, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious services at the battle of Winchester, Va ; brevet major, March 
 31, 1S65, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Dinwiddie 
 Court-House, Va. 
 
 40. Robert Sweatman. — Brevet first lieutenant, July 3, 1863, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services in the Gettysburg campaign, Pa. ; brevet captain, 
 May 10, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the action at Beaver 
 Dam Station, Va. 
 
 41. JohnH. Kane.— Brevet captain, April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 
 vices in the battles terminating with the surrender of General Lee's army. 
 
 42. Robert P. Wilson. — Brevet first lieutenant, August 1, 1863, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Brandy Station, Va. ; brevet captain, 
 May 10, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services in the action at Beaver 
 Dam Station, Va. 
 
 43. Alfred B. Taylor. — Brevet captain, April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 
 conduct during the campaign terminating with the surrender of General 
 Lee's army. 
 
 44. Robert H. Montgomery. — Brevet first lieutenant, June 9, 1863, for gallant 
 
 and meritorious services at the battle of Beverly Ford, Va. ; brevet cap- 
 tain, August I, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Brandy Station, Va. ; recommended to the President (but never nomi- 
 nated to the Senate) to be a brevet major, July 3, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 45. Alexander S. Clarke. — Brevet captain, April 2, 1865, for gallant and meri- 
 
 torious services at the battle of Five Forks, Va. 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton. — Brevet captain of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for faith- 
 
 ful and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 48. Sanford C. Kellogg. — Brevet major, brevet lieutenant-colonel, and brevet 
 
 colonel of volunteers, June 3, 1865, for faithful services and for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the Atlanta campaign and at the battle 
 of Nashville, Tenn. ; brevet captain, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services at the battle of Chattanooga, Tenn. ; brevet major, March 
 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Atlanta, Ga. ; 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious ser- 
 vices at the battle of Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 50. George F. Price. — Recommended for brevets for gallantry in Indian combats at 
 
 Bear River, W. T., January 29, 1863 ; Cedar Fort, Utah, March 30, 1863 ; 
 and Spanish Fork Canon, Utah, April 4 and 15, 1863, but not favorably 
 considered because the services were rendered in the Indian country dur- 
 ing the war of the Rebellion ; recommended to the President (but never 
 nominated to the Senate) to be a brevet captain, July 11, 1869, for gal- 
 lantry in the Indian combat at Summit Springs, Col. 
 
 51. Edward M. Hayes. — Brevet major of volunteers, March 13, 1865. for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services during the campaigns in Georgia and the Carolinas. 
 
 55. John B. Babcock. — Brevet first lieutenant, brevet captain, and brevet major, 
 March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services at the battles of Sa- 
 bine Cross-Roads, Pleasant Hill, and Cane River Crossing, La. ; brevet 
 lieutenant-colonel New York volunteers, July — , 1865, conferred by the 
 State of New York in recognition of gallant and meritorious services dur- 
 ing the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 57. William J. Volkmar. — Recommended to the President (but never nominated 
 to the Senate) to be a brevet first lieutenant, May 16, 1869, for gallantry in 
 the Indian combat at Spring Creek, Neb.; to be a brevet captain, July 
 11, 1869, for gallantry in the Indian combat at Summit Springs, Col. 
 
APPENDIX. 701 
 
 58. William C. Forbush. — Recommended to the President (but never nominated 
 to the Senate) to be a brevet first lieutenant, October 25, lS68, for gallantry 
 in the Indian combat on Shuter Creek, Kan. 
 
 FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 20. A. Parker Porter. — Brevet major, March 13, 1865, for faithful and merito- 
 rious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 27. Charles II. Tompkins.— Brevet major, March 13, 1865, for gallant conduct 
 at Fairfax Court-IIouse, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, March 13, 1865, 
 for meritorious services in the campaigns of Generals Banks and Mc- 
 Dowell in 1862 and 1863; brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for merito- 
 rious services in the quartermaster's department in 1S63-64-65 ; brevet 
 brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services in 
 the quartermaster's department during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 43. Frank W. Dickerson.— Brevet captain and brevet major, March 13, 1865, for 
 gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 49. Henry Baker. — Brevet captain and brevet major, March 13, 1865, for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 54. Edward Murphy. — Brevet captain, May 6, 1864, for gallant and meritorious 
 services at the battle of Todd's Tavern, Va. ; brevet major, September 19, 
 
 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Winchester, Va. 
 57. Kenelm Robbins.— Brevet first lieutenant, August I, 1863, for gallant and 
 
 meritorious services at the battle of Brandy Station, Va. ; brevet captain, 
 September 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of 
 Winchester, Va. 
 61. Edward Harris.— Brevet first lieutenant, May 6, 1864, for gallant and meri- 
 torious services at the battle of Todd's Tavern, Va. ; brevet captain, Sep- 
 tember 19, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Win- 
 chester, Va. 
 
 63. William H. Churchill.— Brevet first lieutenant and brevet captain, April 9, 
 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious conduct during the campaign terminat- 
 ing with the surrender of General Lee's army. 
 
 64. Augustus H. D. Williams.— Brevet first lieutenant and brevet captain, April 
 
 2, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the capture of Peters- 
 burg, Va. 
 
 66. James C. Cooley.— Brevet first lieutenant and brevet captain, May 3, 1865, 
 for gallant and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 77. Amos Webster.— Brevet major and brevet lieutenant-colonel of volunteers. 
 April 9, 1S65, for gallant and meritorious services in the campaign 
 against the Army of Northern Virginia, beginning in front of Peters- 
 burg, Va., March 29, 1865, and ending April 9, 1865 ; brevet first lieu- 
 tenant, brevet captain, and brevet major, March 7, 1S67, for gallant and 
 meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 79. Jules C. A. Schenofsky. — Recommended to the President (but never nominat- 
 ed to the Senate) to be a brevet captain, October 25, 1868, for gallantry 
 in the Indian combat on Shuter Creek, Kan. 
 
 81. Jacob Almy.— Recommended to the President (but never nominated to the 
 Senate) to be a brevet captain, May 13, 1869, for gallantry in the Indian 
 combat on Beaver Creek, Kan. 
 
 94. Adolphus W. Greely. — Brevet major of volunteers, March 13, 1S65, for faith- 
 ful and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
702 APPENDIX. 
 
 95. Phineas P. Barnard. — Brevet major of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for faith- 
 ful and meritorious services ; brevet first lieutenant and brevet captain, 
 March 7, 1867, for faithful and meritorious services during the war of the 
 Rebellion. 
 
 SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 15. Junius B. Wheeler. — Brevet major, April 30, 1864, for gallant and merito- 
 rious services at the battle of Jenkins' Ferry, Ark. ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel and brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 32. Edward W. Hinks. — Brevet colonel, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meri- 
 torious sendees at the battle of Antietam, Md. ; brevet brigadier-general, 
 March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services in the assault on 
 Petersburg, Va. ; brevet major-general of volunteers, March 13, 1S65, for 
 gallant and meritorious services. 
 
 37. Thomas M. Anderson. — Brevet major, August 1, 1864, for gallant services at 
 the battle of the Wilderness, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, August 1, 
 1864, for gallant services at the battle of Spottsylvania, Va. 
 
 43. John R. Edie, Jr. — Brevet captain, August 1, 1864, for faithful and meri- 
 torious services in the field ; brevet major, March 13, 1865, for faithful 
 and meritorious sendees in the Ordnance Department and in the field. 
 
 64. Myles Moylan. — Brevet major of volunteers, April 9, 1865, foi gallant and 
 distinguished services during the closing campaign in Virginia. 
 
 69. Joseph H. Wood. — Brevet first lieutenant, July 3, 1863, for gallant and 
 meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. ; brevet captain, 
 July 28, 1S64, for gallant and meritorious services in a campaign against 
 hostile Sioux in the North-west. 
 
 86. Michael V. Sheridan. — Brevet major of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for gal- 
 lant and meritorious services ; brevet major, March 2, 1867, for gallant 
 and meritorious senices at the battle of Opequan, Va. ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle 
 of Fisher's Hill, Va. 
 
 89. James W. Walsh. — Brevet colonel of volunteers, April 9, 1865, for gallant 
 
 and meritorious services during the operations resulting in the fall of 
 Richmond, Va., and the surrender of General Lee's army. 
 
 90. Henry P. Wade. — Brevet first lieutenant, brevet captain, and brevet major, 
 
 March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services in action at Saltville, 
 Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for faithful 
 and meritorious services. 
 97. Daniel Hitchcock. — Brevet captain of volunteers, date and services not 
 ascertained. 
 104. William L. Porter. — Brevet major of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for faithful 
 and meritorious services during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 List of Nominations 
 
 made by the President, December 20, 1875 (but no action taken thereon by the 
 Senate beyond a reference to the Military Committee), recommending the following- 
 named officers of the Fifth Cavalry for brevet commissions in the army of the 
 United States for gallant conduct and special services in the engagements and 
 campaigns against the Apache Indians in Arizona Territory, 1872-74. 
 
APPENDIX. 703 
 
 These nominations were twice sent to the Senate and referred to the Military 
 Committee, but no further action was taken thereon. 
 
 " In making these nominations I have been careful to embrace only such as 
 come within the terms of the law on that subject. The services rendered have been 
 of great importance to the country. I do not think I can possibly give an adequate 
 idea of the positive hardship constantly endured by these officers during the entire 
 campaign. Many special acts of gallantry are not mentioned at all, as I have 
 made it a point to under-rate rather than over-rate the services rendered. The 
 officers engaged were almost constantly in positions requiring courage of the highest 
 order, and, as there is no other way by which their services can be rewarded, I 
 earnestly recommend that they be recognized by conferring the brevets asked." 
 (Brigadier-General George Crook, commanding Department of Arizona, September 
 IS, 1873.) 
 
 ' ' Since the reduction of the military force in the department last year officers 
 who have been operating against and controlling hostile Indians have been com- 
 pelled to pursue and attack large bodies of renegades with the disadvantage of even 
 greater disparity of numbers on cur side than formerly existed ; for this reason 
 frequently finding themselves in predicaments from which only by almost superhu- 
 man efforts and the exercise of soundest military judgment, coolness, and deter- 
 mination they could have extricated their commands and attained, with such slight 
 loss on our side, the brilliant successes which have rewarded their exertions. " (Brig- 
 adier-General George Crook, commanding Department of Arizona, June 5, [874.) 
 
 " As the results of the good conduct of the troops, particularly the Fifth Cavalry, 
 in their engagements with Indians in Arizona were really of national consequence, 
 and as the gallantry of the officers was fully set forth in the application of the 
 department commander, the division commander (Major-General John M. Scho- 
 field) did not deem it necessary to endorse thereon more than his hearty approval 
 in order to secure for them the well-deserved recognition of their services." (Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel John C. Kelton, Assistant Adjutant-General, Military Division of 
 the Pacific, March 5, 1876.) 
 
 " I consider the services of the Fifth Cavalry in Arizona as unequalled by that 
 of any cavalry regiment during the late civil war." (General W. T. Sherman.) 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 27. Julius W. Mason.— Brevet colonel, September 25, 1872, for gallant conduct 
 in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons. 
 
 34. William H. Brown.— Brevet lieutenant-colonel, December 28, 1S72, for gal- 
 lant conduct in engagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the Caves in 
 Salt River Canon ; brevet colonel, April 9, 1S73, for gallant conduct in 
 the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians ; brevet briga- 
 dier-general, October 30, 1S73, for gallant and distinguished conduct in 
 action with Dekhe's band of Apache Indians in the Mazatzal Mountains. 
 
 43. Alfred B. Taylor.— Brevet major, December 2S, 1872, for gallant conduct in 
 
 engagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the Caves in Salt River Canon. 
 
 44. Robert H. Montgomery. — Brevet major, September 25, 1872, for gallant 
 
 conduct in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos ( 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, December S, 1874, for gallant and distinguished 
 conduct on a scout through the Tonto Basin during November and 
 December, 1874. 
 46. Emil Adam.— Brevet major, September 25, 1S72, for gallant conduct in en- 
 gagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons. 
 
704 APPENDIX. 
 
 47. John M. Hamilton. — Brevet major, April 9, 1873, for gallant conduct in the 
 closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians ; brevet lieutenant- 
 colonel, April 17, 1874, for gallant conduct in the campaign against the 
 San Carlos Apache Indians. 
 
 49. James Burns. — Brevet major, December 28, 1872, for gallant conduct in en- 
 
 gagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the Caves in Salt River Canon ; 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel, July 15, 1873, for gallant conduct in the clos- 
 ing campaign against the Apache-Mojave Indians ; brevet colonel, De- 
 cember 7, 1873, for distinguished services in the campaign against the 
 Apache-Mojave Indians. 
 
 50. George F. Price. — Brevet major, January 1, 1873, for gallant conduct in the 
 
 campaign against Tonto-Apache Indians in the Tonto Basin. 
 
 53. Albert E. Woodson. — Brevet captain, December 31, 1S72, for gallant con- 
 duct in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians in the Red Rock coun- 
 try. 
 
 55. John B. Babcock. — Brevet lieutenant-colonel, June 16, 1873, for gallant con- 
 duct in engagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at Tonto Creek ; brevet 
 colonel, January 16, 1874, for gallant conduct in engagement with Apache 
 Indians at Four Peaks. 
 
 59. Charles King. — Brevet captain, May 21, 1874, f° r gallant and distinguished 
 services in action with Apache Indians near Diamond Butte (this fight 
 took place May 25, 1874). 
 
 FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 78. Alfred B. Bache. — Brevet captain, September 25, 1872, for gallant conduct 
 in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons ; brevet 
 major, April 1, 1874, f° r gallant conduct in action with Apache Indians 
 near Apache Creek (this fight took place April 2, 1874). 
 
 81. Jacob Almy. — Brevet captain, December 28, 1872, for gallant conduct in en- 
 gagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the Caves in Salt River Canon. 
 
 85. Bernard Reilly, Jr. — Brevet captain, April 1, 1874, for gallant conduct in ac- 
 tion with Apache Indians at Apache Creek (this fight took place April 
 2, 1874). 
 
 92. Earl D. Thomas. — Brevet captain, December 28, 1872, for gallant conduct 
 
 in engagement with Tonto-Apache Indians at the .Caves in Salt River 
 Canon ; brevet major, April 4, 1874, for distinguished services in the 
 campaign against the Hualpai Indians. 
 
 93. Charles H. Rockwell. — Brevet captain, April 9, 1873, for gallant conduct in 
 
 the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians. 
 
 97. Walter S. Schuyler. — Brevet first lieutenant, September 25, 1872, for gallant 
 
 conduct in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons ; 
 brevet captain, June 26, 1873, for gallant conduct in engagement with 
 Apache-Mojave Indians on Lost River ; brevet major, April 28, 1874, 
 for gallantry in action with Apache Indians at Salt River ; brevet lieuten- 
 ant-colonel, May 14, 1874, for gallant conduct in engagement with Apache- 
 Mojave Indians in the Red Rock country. 
 
 98. Frank Michler.— Brevet first lieutenant, September 25, 1S72, for gallant con- 
 
 duct in engagement with Apache-Mojave Indians at Muchos Canons ; 
 brevet captain, January 22, 1873, for gallant conduct in engagement with 
 Tonto-Apache Indians on the headwaters of Tonto Creek. 
 
APPENDIX. 705 
 
 too. Charles D. Parkhurst. — Brevet first lieutenant, January i, 1873, for gallant 
 conduct in the campaign against Tonto-Apache Indians in the Tonto 
 Basin. 
 
 101. Charles H. Watts. — Brevet first lieutenant, April 9, 1873, for gallant con- 
 
 duct in the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians. 
 
 102. Robert London. — Brevet first lieutenant, April 3, 1874, for gallant and dis- 
 
 tinguished services in the campaign against the San Carlos Apache In- 
 dians. 
 
 103. George O. Eaton. — Brevet first lieutenant, December 5, 1874, for gallant 
 
 and distinguished conduct on a scout in the neighborhood of Jarvis Pass 
 and Little Colorado River during November, 1-74 
 
 104. Hoel S. Bishop. — Brevet first lieutenant, April 4, 1874, for distinguished 
 
 services in the campaign against the Hualpai-Apache Indians. 
 
 SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 
 
 127. Edward L. Keyes. — Brevet first lieutenant, April 9, 1873, for gallant conduct 
 in the closing campaign against the Tonto-Apache Indians. 
 
 :29. Edwin P. Eckerson. — Brevet first lieutenant, October 30, 1S73, for gallantry 
 in action with Delche's band of Apache Indians in the Mazatzal Moun- 
 tains. 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 Page 54, line 4, and p. 361, 1. 27 — For " Muscalero " read Mescalero. 
 
 P. 106, last line — Omit " with Company G." 
 
 Pp. 124, 1. 19, and 376, 1. 29 — For "General Torbett " read General Torbert. 
 
 P. 247, 1. 24 — For " his horse was wounded " read his horse was killed; 1. 26, 
 
 for " rejoined his squadron " read rejoined Captain Ker's squadron, then 
 
 in the advance. 
 P. 283, 1. 5 — For "enrolled" read engrossed. 
 P. 299, 1. 33 — For " Kearnyville " read Kearneyville. 
 P. 334, last line — For "Shank Evans" read Shanks Evans. 
 P- 353. 1. 3 — For " Brown County" read Putnam County. 
 P. 358, 1. 14— For " 1869 " read 1868. 
 Pp- 365> 376, 379, 414, 419, 421, and 422 — For " Stannardsville " read Stanards- 
 
 ville. 
 P. 365, 1. 9 — For " Reems's Station" read Ream's Station; 1. 34, for "Lake 
 
 Guzmar" 7-ead Lake Guzman. 
 Pp. 367, 1. 7, and 391, 1. 13 — For " Poolsville " read Poolesville. 
 P. 374, 1. 17 — For " 20th of December " read 19th of December. 
 P. 388, 1. 32 — For " Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry" readW. H. F. Lee's cavalry. 
 P. 394, 1. 12 — Omit " (commanding a company)." 
 Pp. 411, 1. 16, and 443, 1. 13— For " Kingston" read Kinston ; for " Ashville " 
 
 read Asheville. 
 P. 422, 1. 27— For "Rear-Admiral W. R. Taylor" read Rear-Admiral Alfred 
 
 Taylor. 
 P. 452, 1. 34— For " April to May " read April to September. 
 P. 460, 1. 23 — For "(November 15)" read (November 7); 1. 28, omit "(com- 
 manding company)." 
 P. 464, 1. 11 — For "Little Cottonwood River" read Little Colorado River. 
 P. 4S7, 1. 1 — For " (a son of Governor Singleton M. Kimmel) " read (a son of 
 
 Singleton H. Kimmel). 
 Pp. 500, 1. 10, and 505, 1. 25 — Omit "the skirmish at New Bridge, near Cold 
 
 Harbor, Va." 
 P- 547. 1- 30— Following the words and figures "July 1, i860," and preceding the 
 
 words and figures " a captain March 3, 1863," insert transferred to the 
 
 Corps of Engineers and promoted. 
 P. 549, 1. 36 — For " Carnifex Ferry " read Carnifix Ferry. 
 P. 554, 1. 20 — For "first battalion of that corps" read first regiments of that 
 
 corps. 
 Pp. 556, 1. 6, and 557, 1. 31 — For " Fortress Monroe " read Fort Monroe. 
 P. 574, 1. 23 — For " Fort Snelling " read Fort Sisseton. 
 P. 581, 1. 31— For "(Mine Run Explosion)" read (Mine Explosion). 
 P. 617, last line — For " 138 " read 139. 
 P. 618, 1. 14 — For "Sergeant Curwin B. McLellan " read Sergeant Curwen B. 
 
 McLellan. 
 
 
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